United States

Department of

Agriculture

Natural

Resources

Conservation

Service

In cooperation with

West Virginia Agricultural

and Forestry Experiment

Station

Soil Survey of

Morgan County,

West Virginia

General Soil Map

The general soil map, which is a color map, shows the survey area divided into groups

of associated soils called general soil map units. This map is useful in planning the use

and management of large areas.

To find information about your area of interest, locate that area on the map, identify the

name of the map unit in the area on the color-coded map legend, then refer to the

section General Soil Map Units for a general description of the soils in your area.

Detailed Soil Maps

The detailed soil maps can be useful in planning the use and management of small

areas.

To find information about your area of interest, locate

that area on the Index to Map Sheets. Note

the number of the map sheet and turn to

that sheet.

Locate your area

of interest on the

map sheet. Note

the map unit

symbols that are

in that area. Turn

to the Index to

Map Units (see

Contents), which

lists the map units

by symbol and

name and shows

the page where

each map unit is

described.

The Contents

shows which table

has data on a specific land use for each detailed soil map unit. Also see the Contents

for sections of this publication that may address your specific needs.

Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

i

How To Use This Soil Survey
Additional information about the Nation’s natural resources is available online

from the Natural Resources Conservation Service at http://www.nrcs.usda.gov.

ii

Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

This soil survey is a publication of the National Cooperative Soil Survey, a joint

effort of the United States Department of Agriculture and other Federal agencies,

State agencies including the Agricultural Experiment Stations, and local agencies. The

Natural Resources Conservation Service (formerly the Soil Conservation Service) has

leadership for the Federal part of the National Cooperative Soil Survey.

Major fieldwork for this soil survey was completed in 1999. Soil names and

descriptions were approved in 2003. Unless otherwise indicated, statements in this

publication refer to conditions in the survey area in 1999. This survey was made

cooperatively by the Natural Resources Conservation Service and the West Virginia

Agricultural and Forestry Experiment Station. The survey is part of the technical

assistance furnished to the Eastern Panhandle Conservation District.

Soil maps in this survey may be copied without permission. Enlargement of these

maps, however, could cause misunderstanding of the detail of mapping. If enlarged,

maps do not show the small areas of contrasting soils that could have been shown at

a larger scale.

The U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) prohibits discrimination in all its

programs and activities on the basis of race, color, national origin, age, disability, or,

where applicable, sex, marital status, familial status, parental status, religion, sexual

orientation, genetic information, or political beliefs; as a means of reprisal; or because

all or part of an individual’s income is derived from any public assistance program.

(Not all prohibited bases apply to all programs.) Persons with disabilities who require

alternative means for communication of program information (Braille, large print,

audiotape, etc.) should contact USDA’s TARGET Center at 202-720-2600 (voice and

TDD).

To file a complaint of discrimination, write to USDA, Director, Office of Civil Rights,

1400 Independence Avenue, SW, Washington, DC 20250-9410 or call 800-795-3272

(voice) or 202-720-6382 (TDD). USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer.

Cover: True to its name, Sleepy Creek meanders lazily throughout the length of Morgan County.

Many of the rich alluvial soils along its banks are prime farmland.
iii

Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

Contents

How To Use This Soil Survey.......................................................................................i

Foreword ..................................................................................................................... ix

General Nature of the County ...................................................................................... 1

Settlement and Population....................................................................................... 1

Farming .................................................................................................................... 2

Relief and Drainage ................................................................................................. 3

Climate..................................................................................................................... 3

Water Supply ........................................................................................................... 4

How This Survey Was Made ........................................................................................ 4

General Soil Map Units .............................................................................................. 7

1. Sideling-Buchanan ............................................................................................ 7

2. Calvin-Klinesville ............................................................................................... 8

3. Hazleton-Dekalb ............................................................................................... 9

4. Murrill-Litz ....................................................................................................... 11

5. Monongahela-Philo-Combs-Holly ................................................................... 13

6. Schaffenaker-Vanderlip ................................................................................... 15

7. Udorthents-Urban Land .................................................................................. 16

8. Weikert-Berks ................................................................................................. 17

Detailed Soil Map Units ........................................................................................... 19

AgB—Allegheny loam, 3 to 8 percent slopes ........................................................ 20

AgC—Allegheny loam, 8 to 15 percent slopes ...................................................... 22

AnB—Andover gravelly loam, 3 to 8 percent slopes ............................................. 24

Ba—Basher fine sandy loam ................................................................................. 26

BbC—Berks channery loam, 3 to 15 percent slopes, very stony .......................... 28

BbE—Berks channery loam, 15 to 35 percent slopes, very stony ........................ 31

BcD—Berks-Calvin channery loams, 15 to 25 percent slopes ............................. 33

BcE—Berks-Calvin channery loams, 25 to 35 percent slopes .............................. 36

BcF—Berks-Calvin channery loams, 35 to 65 percent slopes .............................. 39

BeB—Berks-Clearbrook channery silt loams, 3 to 8 percent slopes .................... 42

BeC—Berks-Clearbrook channery silt loams, 8 to 15 percent slopes .................. 45

BkB—Berks-Weikert channery silt loams, 3 to 8 percent slopes .......................... 48

BqF—Blackthorn very gravelly sandy loam, 35 to 55 percent slopes, rubbly ....... 51

BrB—Brinkerton silt loam, 3 to 8 percent slopes ................................................... 53

BuB—Buchanan gravelly loam, 3 to 8 percent slopes .......................................... 56

BuC—Buchanan gravelly loam, 8 to 15 percent slopes ........................................ 58

BxC—Buchanan loam, 3 to 15 percent slopes, extremely stony .......................... 61

BxE—Buchanan loam, 15 to 35 percent slopes, extremely stony......................... 63

CbB—Calvin-Berks channery loams, 3 to 8 percent slopes ................................. 66

CbC—Calvin-Berks channery loams, 8 to 15 percent slopes ............................... 69

CkB—Calvin-Klinesville channery loams, 3 to 8 percent slopes ........................... 72

CkC—Calvin-Klinesville channery loams, 8 to 15 percent slopes......................... 75

CkD—Calvin-Klinesville channery loams, 15 to 25 percent slopes ...................... 78

CkE—Calvin-Klinesville channery loams, 25 to 35 percent slopes ....................... 81
iv

Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

CkF—Calvin-Klinesville channery loams, 35 to 65 percent slopes ....................... 84

ClC—Caneyville silt loam, 8 to 15 percent slopes ................................................. 87

ClD—Caneyville silt loam, 15 to 25 percent slopes ............................................... 89

ClE—Caneyville silt loam, 25 to 35 percent slopes ............................................... 92

CnF—Caneyville silty clay loam, 35 to 65 percent slopes ..................................... 94

CrB—Clarksburg gravelly silt loam, 3 to 8 percent slopes .................................... 96

CrC—Clarksburg gravelly silt loam, 8 to 15 percent slopes .................................. 98

CvB—Clearbrook-Cavode silt loams, 0 to 8 percent slopes ............................... 101

Cz—Combs fine sandy loam ............................................................................... 104

DkC—Dekalb channery sandy loam, 3 to 15 percent slopes, extremely

stony .............................................................................................................. 106

DrE—Dekalb-Rock outcrop complex, 15 to 25 percent slopes, rubbly ............... 108

DsB—Downsville gravelly loam, 3 to 8 percent slopes ....................................... 111

DsC—Downsville gravelly loam, 8 to 15 percent slopes ..................................... 113

Dz—Dunning silty clay loam ................................................................................ 115

ErB—Ernest silt loam, 3 to 8 percent slopes ....................................................... 117

ErC—Ernest silt loam, 8 to 15 percent slopes..................................................... 120

HaE—Hazleton-Dekalb complex, 15 to 35 percent slopes, extremely stony ...... 122

HaF—Hazleton-Dekalb complex, 35 to 65 percent slopes, extremely stony ...... 125

HdF—Hazleton-Dekalb-Rock outcrop complex, 35 to 65 percent slopes,

rubbly............................................................................................................. 128

HeF—Hazleton-Dekalb-Rock outcrop complex, 35 to 65 percent slopes,

very rubbly ..................................................................................................... 131

HlF—Hazleton-Lehew-Dekalb complex, 35 to 65 percent slopes,

extremely stony ............................................................................................. 134

Ho—Holly silt loam .............................................................................................. 137

HwB—Hustontown silt loam, 3 to 8 percent slopes ............................................. 139

Ln—Lindside silt loam ......................................................................................... 142

LzC—Litz channery silt loam, 8 to 15 percent slopes ......................................... 144

LzD—Litz channery silt loam, 15 to 25 percent slopes ....................................... 147

LzE—Litz channery silt loam, 25 to 35 percent slopes ....................................... 149

LzF—Litz channery silt loam, 35 to 65 percent slopes........................................ 152

Me—Melvin silt loam............................................................................................ 154

MhA—Monongahela silt loam, 0 to 3 percent slopes .......................................... 156

MhB—Monongahela silt loam, 3 to 8 percent slopes .......................................... 159

MhC—Monongahela silt loam, 8 to 15 percent slopes ........................................ 161

MrC—Murrill gravelly loam, 8 to 15 percent slopes ............................................. 163

MrD—Murrill gravelly loam, 15 to 25 percent slopes ........................................... 166

MsC—Murrill loam, 3 to 15 percent slopes, extremely stony .............................. 169

MsE—Murrill loam, 15 to 35 percent slopes, extremely stony ............................ 171

Pg—Philo gravelly loam ....................................................................................... 173

Ph—Philo silt loam............................................................................................... 176

Ps—Pope fine sandy loam .................................................................................. 178
v

Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

Px—Pope silt loam............................................................................................... 180

Pz—Pope-Philo fine sandy loams ....................................................................... 182

Qm—Quarry, limestone ....................................................................................... 185

Qo—Quarry, sandstone ....................................................................................... 185

Qs—Quarry, shale ............................................................................................... 186

ReG—Rock outcrop-Opequon complex, 55 to 100 percent slopes .................... 187

RgG—Rock outcrop-Rough complex, 55 to 100 percent slopes......................... 189

RuD—Rushtown channery silt loam, 8 to 25 percent slopes .............................. 191

RuF—Rushtown channery silt loam, 35 to 65 percent slopes ............................ 193

ShC—Schaffenaker loamy sand, 3 to 15 percent slopes, very bouldery ............ 195

SkF—Schaffenaker-Rock outcrop complex, 35 to 65 percent slopes, rubbly ..... 197

SnE—Schaffenaker-Vanderlip loamy sands, 15 to 35 percent slopes,

very bouldery................................................................................................. 199

SnF—Schaffenaker-Vanderlip loamy sands, 35 to 65 percent slopes,

very bouldery................................................................................................. 202

SxC—Sideling gravelly loam, 3 to 15 percent slopes, extremely stony............... 205

SxE—Sideling gravelly loam, 15 to 35 percent slopes, extremely stony ............. 207

SyE—Sideling gravelly loam, 15 to 35 percent slopes, rubbly ............................ 210

Ta—Tioga fine sandy loam .................................................................................. 213

TyA—Tygart silt loam, 0 to 3 percent slopes ....................................................... 215

Ua—Udorthents, smoothed ................................................................................. 217

Uu—Urban land-Udorthents complex, 0 to 25 percent slopes ............................ 219

W—Water ............................................................................................................ 221

WaB—Weikert channery silt loam, 3 to 8 percent slopes ................................... 221

WaC—Weikert channery silt loam, 8 to 15 percent slopes ................................. 223

WbC—Weikert-Berks channery silt loams, 8 to 15 percent slopes ..................... 225

WbD—Weikert-Berks channery silt loams, 15 to 25 percent slopes ................... 229

WkF—Weikert-Berks very channery silt loams, 25 to 70 percent slopes ........... 232

Use and Management of the Soils........................................................................ 235

Interpretive Ratings ............................................................................................. 235

Rating Class Terms ......................................................................................... 235

Numerical Ratings ........................................................................................... 235

Crops and Pasture ............................................................................................... 236

Yields per Acre ................................................................................................ 236

Land Capability Classification ......................................................................... 236

Prime Farmland ................................................................................................... 237

Agricultural Waste Management .......................................................................... 238

Forest Productivity and Management .................................................................. 241

Forest Productivity ........................................................................................... 241

Forestland Management ................................................................................. 241

Recreation ........................................................................................................... 243

Wildlife Habitat ..................................................................................................... 246

Hydric Soils .......................................................................................................... 247
vi

Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

Engineering ......................................................................................................... 248

Building Site Development .............................................................................. 249

Sanitary Facilities ............................................................................................ 251

Construction Materials .................................................................................... 253

Water Management ......................................................................................... 255

Soil Properties ........................................................................................................ 257

Engineering Index Properties .............................................................................. 257

Physical Properties .............................................................................................. 258

Chemical Properties ............................................................................................ 260

Soil Features ........................................................................................................ 261

Water Features .................................................................................................... 261

Classification of the Soils ..................................................................................... 265

Soil Series and Their Morphology ............................................................................ 265

Allegheny Series .................................................................................................. 266

Andover Series .................................................................................................... 267

Basher Series ...................................................................................................... 269

Berks Series ........................................................................................................ 270

Blackthorn Series ................................................................................................ 272

Brinkerton Series ................................................................................................. 274

Buchanan Series ................................................................................................. 275

Calvin Series ....................................................................................................... 277

Caneyville Series ................................................................................................. 279

Cavode Series ..................................................................................................... 281

Clarksburg Series ................................................................................................ 283

Clearbrook Series ................................................................................................ 285

Combs Series ...................................................................................................... 286

Dekalb Series ...................................................................................................... 287

Downsville Series ................................................................................................ 288

Dunning Series .................................................................................................... 290

Ernest Series ....................................................................................................... 291

Hazleton Series ................................................................................................... 293

Holly Series ......................................................................................................... 295

Hustontown Series .............................................................................................. 298

Klinesville Series ................................................................................................. 299

Lehew Series ....................................................................................................... 301

Lindside Series .................................................................................................... 302

Litz Series ............................................................................................................ 303

Melvin Series ....................................................................................................... 305

Monongahela Series ............................................................................................ 307

Murrill Series........................................................................................................ 309

Opequon Series ................................................................................................... 310

Philo Series.......................................................................................................... 311

Pope Series ......................................................................................................... 313
vii

Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

Rough Series ....................................................................................................... 314

Rushtown Series ................................................................................................. 315

Schaffenaker Series ............................................................................................ 318

Sideling Series ..................................................................................................... 320

Tioga Series ........................................................................................................ 323

Tygart Series........................................................................................................ 324

Udorthents ........................................................................................................... 326

Vanderlip Series .................................................................................................. 326

Weikert Series ..................................................................................................... 328

Formation of the Soils ........................................................................................... 331

Factors of Soil Formation ..................................................................................... 331

Parent Material, Time, and Climate ................................................................. 331

Living Organisms ............................................................................................. 332

Topography ...................................................................................................... 332

Morphology of the Soils ....................................................................................... 332

Geology ............................................................................................................... 333

References .............................................................................................................. 337

Glossary .................................................................................................................. 339

Tables ...................................................................................................................... 359

Table 1.—Temperature and Precipitation ............................................................ 360

Table 2.—Freeze Dates in Spring and Fall .......................................................... 361

Table 3.—Growing Season .................................................................................. 361

Table 4.—Acreage and Proportionate Extent of the Soils ................................... 362

Table 5.—Land Capability and Yields per Acre of Crops and Pasture ................ 364

Table 6.—Acreage by Capability Class and Subclass ......................................... 369

Table 7.—Prime Farmland ................................................................................... 369

Table 8a.—Agricultural Waste Management (Part 1) .......................................... 370

Table 8b.—Agricultural Waste Management (Part 2)........................................... 393

Table 9.—Forest Productivity ............................................................................... 416

Table 10a.—Forestland Management (Part 1) .................................................... 436

Table 10b.—Forestland Management (Part 2)..................................................... 447

Table 10c.—Forestland Management (Part 3) ..................................................... 457

Table 11a.—Recreational Development (Part 1) ................................................. 466

Table 11b.—Recreational Development (Part 2) ................................................. 481

Table 12.—Wildlife Habitat ................................................................................... 495

Table 13a.—Building Site Development (Part 1) ................................................. 503

Table 13b.—Building Site Development (Part 2).................................................. 515

Table 14a.—Sanitary Facilities (Part 1) ............................................................... 530

Table 14b.—Sanitary Facilities (Part 2) ............................................................... 545

Table 15a.—Construction Materials (Part 1) ....................................................... 558

Table 15b.—Construction Materials (Part 2)........................................................ 567

Table 16.—Water Management ........................................................................... 582

Table 17.—Engineering Index Properties ............................................................ 594
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Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

Table 18.—Physical Properties of the Soils ......................................................... 637

Table 19.—Chemical Properties of the Soils ....................................................... 652

Table 20.—Soil Features ..................................................................................... 664

Table 21.—Water Features .................................................................................. 673

Table 22.—Classification of the Soils .................................................................. 688

Issued December 2006
ix

Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

Foreword

This soil survey contains information that affects land use planning in this survey

area. It contains predictions of soil behavior for selected land uses. The survey also

highlights soil limitations, improvements needed to overcome the limitations, and the

impact of selected land uses on the environment.

This soil survey is designed for many different users. Farmers, foresters, and

agronomists can use it to evaluate the potential of the soil and the management

needed for maximum food and fiber production. Planners, community officials,

engineers, developers, builders, and home buyers can use the survey to plan land

use, select sites for construction, and identify special practices needed to ensure

proper performance. Conservationists, teachers, students, and specialists in

recreation, wildlife management, waste disposal, and pollution control can use the

survey to help them understand, protect, and enhance the environment.

Various land use regulations of Federal, State, and local governments may impose

special restrictions on land use or land treatment. The information in this report is

intended to identify soil properties that are used in making various land use or land

treatment decisions. Statements made in this report are intended to help the land

users identify and reduce the effects of soil limitations on various land uses. The

landowner or user is responsible for identifying and complying with existing laws and

regulations.

Great differences in soil properties can occur within short distances. Some soils

are seasonally wet or subject to flooding. Some are too unstable to be used as a

foundation for buildings or roads. Clayey or wet soils are poorly suited to use as

septic tank absorption fields. A high water table makes a soil poorly suited to

basements or underground installations.

These and many other soil properties that affect land use are described in this soil

survey. Broad areas of soils are shown on the general soil map. The location of each

soil is shown on the detailed soil maps. Each soil in the survey area is described, and

information on specific uses is given. Help in using this publication and additional

information are available at the local office of the Natural Resources Conservation

Service or the Cooperative Extension Service.

Ronald L. Hilliard

State Conservationist

Natural Resources Conservation Service

1

Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

MORGAN COUNTY is in the eastern panhandle of West Virginia (fig. 1). It has an area

of 147,000 acres, or about 230 square miles. The county is bounded on the north by

the Potomac River, which separates it from Washington County and Allegany County,

Maryland; on the west by the Potomac River, which separates it from Allegany

County, Maryland; on the east by Berkeley County, West Virginia; and on the south by

Hampshire County, West Virginia, and Frederick County, Virginia. Narrow valleys and

steep, rugged mountains characterize the landscape of the county.

This soil survey updates the Morgan County subset of the survey of Hampshire,

Mineral, and Morgan Counties, West Virginia, published in 1978 (USDA SCS 1978). It

provides additional information and has a more recent aerial photobase.

General Nature of the County

This section provides general information about Morgan County. It describes

settlement and population, farming, relief and drainage, climate, and water

supply.

Settlement and

Population

The warm, medicinal waters of

Berkeley Springs were first used

by Native Americans, who came

to the springs from as far north

as Canada to as far south as the

Carolinas (West Virginia Division

of Natural Resources n.d.). After

the first Europeans arrived in the

area in 1730, the word of the

springs’ curative powers spread

throughout settlements in the

East. In 1748, George

Washington surveyed the area

for Thomas Lord Fairfax, who

had inherited all the land in the

Soil Survey of

Morgan County, West Virginia

By James W. Bell, soil survey project leader,

Natural Resources Conservation Service

United States Department of Agriculture,

Natural Resources Conservation Service,

in cooperation with

the West Virginia Agricultural and Forestry Experiment Station

Figure 1.—Location of Morgan County in West Virginia.
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

2

Potomac River watershed. The 16-year-old Washington noted in his diary, “March

18th, 1748, We this day called to see Ye Fam’d Warm Springs” (fig. 2).

Washington, a regular visitor to the springs, purchased property nearby shortly

after Lord Fairfax, in 1776, conveyed the springs and 50 adjacent acres to the Colony

of Virginia. Many prominent colonists bought property at the new resort, including

seven members of the Continental Congress, three signers of the Declaration of

Independence, and three signers of the United States Constitution. Hence, the

reputation of the springs as the Nation’s first health resort became firmly established.

In 1776, the General Assembly of Virginia established the town of Bath, which is

now known as Berkeley Springs, after the town in England famous for its baths.

Although Bath remains the official municipal name, the United States Postal Service

recognizes the town as Berkeley Springs.

Morgan County was formed in 1820 from parts of Berkeley and Hampshire

Counties. It was named in honor of General Daniel Morgan, a Revolutionary War

hero, who lived in Berkeley Springs (North 1998).

In 2000, the population of Morgan County was 14,943 and that of Berkeley

Springs, the county seat and the largest town in the county, was 670 (Bureau of the

Census n.d.). In recent years the county has experienced a significant influx of people

from the urban centers to the east, and the county’s population is expected to

continue to grow steadily.

Farming

In 1997, the county had 161 farms, averaging about 175 acres in size. Farmland

totaled 28,180 acres, up from 21,793 acres in 1987 (Bureau of the Census 1989;

USDA NASS 1999). About 41 percent of the farms in the county were operated on a

Figure 2.—“Ye Fam’d Warm Springs” at Berkeley Springs State Park. The public springhouse is on

the left; the bathhouse is on the right.
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

3

full-time, commercial basis. About 12 percent of the county was cropland or pasture.

The farms are mostly in the valleys and on broad ridgetops in the eastern half of the

county. In 1997, total market value of all farm products sold in Morgan County, mainly

beef, fruit, and Christmas trees, was $1,308,000.

Relief and Drainage

Morgan County lies completely within the Northern Appalachian Ridges and

Valleys resource area (Austin 1965). The major landforms are a series of parallel

ridges and valleys oriented from the southwest to the northeast. The Potomac River

and its tributaries drain the county. The lowest elevation in the county is about

370 feet. It is in an area where Cherry Run empties into the Potomac River.

Seven major ridges form prominent features on the landscape in Morgan County.

From east to west they are Short Mountain, Sleepy Creek Mountain, Warm Springs

Ridge, Cacapon Mountain, Tonoloway Mountain, Sideling Hill, and Purslane

Mountain. The highest elevation in the county is about 2,320 feet. It is on Cacapon

Mountain.

The ridges have a cap of hard sandstone that is resistant to geologic weathering,

and they are generally very steep and rugged. The mountaintops are narrow, and in

some areas sandstone bedrock crops out to form scenic cliffs and overlooks. Relief

from the valley floors to the ridgetops ranges from about 200 feet in areas on Warm

Springs Ridge to about 1,300 feet in areas on Cacapon Mountain.

The valleys between the mountain ridges are underlain by shale and, to a lesser

extent, limestone, which are relatively soft and easily eroded over geologic time. They

are strongly dissected by intermittent and perennial streams. The drainageways form

a trellis pattern, which is the typical drainage pattern in the Northern Appalachian

Ridges and Valleys resource area. The valley ridgetops are generally broad and are

gently sloping to moderately steep. Side slopes and nose slopes are generally steep

or very steep. Relief averages about 200 feet in the valleys.

Climate

Table 1 gives data on temperature and precipitation for the survey area as

recorded at Cacapon State Park in the period 1971 to 2000. Table 2 shows probable

dates of the first freeze in fall and the last freeze in spring. Table 3 provides data on

length of the growing season.

In winter, the average temperature is 31.9 degrees F and the average daily

minimum temperature is 22.5 degrees. The lowest temperature on record, which

occurred on January 21, 1985, is -26 degrees. In summer, the average temperature is

71.7 degrees and the average daily maximum temperature is 83.3 degrees. The

highest recorded temperature, which occurred at Cacapon State Park on July 17,

1988, is 104 degrees; however, at nearby Martinsburg, which has a much longer

climate record, the temperature reached 111 degrees on July 11, 1936.

Growing degree days are shown in table 1. They are equivalent to “heat units.”

During the month, growing degree days accumulate by the amount that the average

temperature each day exceeds a base temperature (40 degrees F). The normal

monthly accumulation is used to schedule single or successive plantings of a crop

between the last freeze in spring and the first freeze in fall.

The total annual precipitation is 38.66 inches. Of this, 25.28 inches, or about

65 percent, usually falls in April through October. The growing season for most crops

falls within this period. The heaviest 1-day rainfall during the period of record was

5.04 inches on September 7, 1996. Thunderstorms occur on about 32 days each

year, and most occur during the period ranging from May through August.
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

4

The average seasonal snowfall is 22.7 inches. The greatest snow depth at any one

time during the period of record was 32 inches. The heaviest 1-day snowfall on record

was more than 26.5 inches on February 12, 1983. On the average, 23 days of the

year have at least 1 inch of snow on the ground. The number of such days varies

greatly from year to year.

The average relative humidity in midafternoon is about 55 percent. Humidity is

higher at night, and the average at dawn is about 80 percent in winter and 90 percent

in summer. The sun shines about 60 percent of the time possible in summer and

40 percent in winter. The prevailing wind is quite variable, depending upon location

and local topography. In general, it is from the south in most months but is from the

northwest in the winter. Average windspeed is highest, 10 miles per hour, during the

period ranging from January through April.

Water Supply

Most parts of the county have an adequate water supply from wells, springs, or

streams. Drilled wells commonly supply domestic water systems in rural areas.

Sources for public water systems are springs in Berkeley Springs State Park and the

Potomac River.

Farm ponds commonly supply water for livestock and for fire protection in rural

areas. Springs are abundant in the county; they are most numerous and most

productive in areas of limestone. The primary source of water for most domestic and

public water supply systems is ground water. The principal sources of ground water in

the county are two kinds of rock—carbonate rocks, mostly limestone and dolomite,

and noncarbonate rocks, mostly shale.

In areas of limestone bedrock, the supply of ground water is generally abundant,

but depth to good water-bearing strata is variable and water levels are subject to

rapid, wide ranges of seasonal fluctuations. Wells in these areas are, on average,

about 150 to 200 feet deep, but some wells are much deeper. The ground water

obtained from these areas of limestone generally is very hard. It is high in dissolved

calcium and magnesium but generally low in iron. Ground water in areas of limestone

is especially vulnerable to contamination from poor land use practices. Precautions

are needed to prevent pollutants from contaminating ground water through sinkholes

and solution channels in the limestone bedrock.

Yields of ground water in areas of shale bedrock generally are less than those in

areas of limestone bedrock, but the depth and yield of ground water in areas of shale

bedrock generally are dependable. Most wells in the areas of shale are 100 to

150 feet deep. Ground water generally is hard and commonly high in iron and, in

places, high in sulfur. A common practice is to build farm ponds in areas of shale

bedrock by constructing small dams across natural drainageways.

How This Survey Was Made

This survey was made to provide information about the soils and miscellaneous

areas in the survey area. The information includes a description of the soils and

miscellaneous areas and their location and a discussion of their suitability, limitations,

and management for specified uses. Soil scientists observed the steepness, length,

and shape of the slopes; the general pattern of drainage; the kinds of crops and

native plants; and the kinds of bedrock. They dug many holes to study the soil profile,

which is the sequence of natural layers, or horizons, in a soil. The profile extends from

the surface down into the unconsolidated material in which the soil formed. The

unconsolidated material is devoid of roots and other living organisms and has not

been changed by other biological activity.
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

5

The soils and miscellaneous areas in the survey area are in an orderly pattern that

is related to the geology, landforms, relief, climate, and natural vegetation of the area.

Each kind of soil and miscellaneous area is associated with a particular kind of

landform or with a segment of the landform. By observing the soils and miscellaneous

areas in the survey area and relating their position to specific segments of the

landform, a soil scientist develops a concept or model of how they were formed. Thus,

during mapping, this model enables the soil scientist to predict with a considerable

degree of accuracy the kind of soil or miscellaneous area at a specific location on the

landscape.

Commonly, individual soils on the landscape merge into one another as their

characteristics gradually change. To construct an accurate soil map, however, soil

scientists must determine the boundaries between the soils. They can observe only a

limited number of soil profiles. Nevertheless, these observations, supplemented by an

understanding of the soil-vegetation-landscape relationship, are sufficient to verify

predictions of the kinds of soil in an area and to determine the boundaries.

Soil scientists recorded the characteristics of the soil profiles that they studied.

They noted soil color, texture, size and shape of soil aggregates, kind and amount of

rock fragments, distribution of plant roots, reaction, and other features that enable

them to identify soils (fig. 3). After describing the soils in the survey area and

determining their properties, the soil scientists assigned the soils to taxonomic

Figure 3.—A soil scientist records the color of a soil by comparing it to

a standard Munsell soil color chart.
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

6

classes (units). Taxonomic classes are concepts. Each taxonomic class has a set of

soil characteristics with precisely defined limits. The classes are used as a basis for

comparison to classify soils systematically. Soil taxonomy, the system of taxonomic

classification used in the United States, is based mainly on the kind and character of

soil properties and the arrangement of horizons within the profile. After the soil

scientists classified and named the soils in the survey area, they compared the

individual soils with similar soils in the same taxonomic class in other areas so that

they could confirm data and assemble additional data based on experience and

research.

While a soil survey is in progress, samples of some of the soils in the area

generally are collected for laboratory analyses and for engineering tests. Soil

scientists interpret the data from these analyses and tests as well as the fieldobserved characteristics and the soil properties to determine the expected behavior

of the soils under different uses. Interpretations for all of the soils are field tested

through observation of the soils in different uses and under different levels of

management. Some interpretations are modified to fit local conditions, and some new

interpretations are developed to meet local needs. Data are assembled from other

sources, such as research information, production records, and field experience of

specialists. For example, data on crop yields under defined levels of management are

assembled from farm records and from field or plot experiments on the same kinds of

soil.

Predictions about soil behavior are based not only on soil properties but also on

such variables as climate and biological activity. Soil conditions are predictable over

long periods of time, but they are not predictable from year to year. For example, soil

scientists can predict with a fairly high degree of accuracy that a given soil will have a

high water table within certain depths in most years, but they cannot predict that a

high water table will always be at a specific level in the soil on a specific date.

After soil scientists located and identified the significant natural bodies of soil in the

survey area, they drew the boundaries of these bodies on aerial photographs and

identified each as a specific map unit. Aerial photographs show trees, buildings,

fields, roads, and rivers, all of which help in locating boundaries accurately.

The descriptions, names, and delineations of the soils in this survey area do not

fully agree with those of the soils in adjacent survey areas. Differences are the result

of a better knowledge of soils, modifications in series concepts, or variations in the

intensity of mapping or in the extent of the soils in the survey areas.
7

Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

The general soil map in this publication shows broad areas that have a distinctive

pattern of soils, relief, and drainage. Each map unit on the general soil map is a

unique natural landscape. Typically, it consists of one or more major soils or

miscellaneous areas and some minor soils or miscellaneous areas. It is named for

the major soils or miscellaneous areas. The components of one map unit can occur in

another but in a different pattern.

The general soil map can be used to compare the suitability of large areas for

general land uses. Areas of suitable soils can be identified on the map. Likewise,

areas where the soils are not suitable can be identified.

Because of its small scale, the map is not suitable for planning the management of

a farm or field or for selecting a site for a road or building or other structure. The soils

in any one map unit differ from place to place in slope, depth, drainage, and other

characteristics that affect management.

1. Sideling-Buchanan

Gently sloping to steep, moderately well drained, very deep soils that have a medium

textured subsoil; formed in materials weathered mainly from acid sandstone and

shale; on uplands

Setting

These soils are mainly on concave to smooth toeslopes, footslopes, lower

backslopes, and benches of Sleepy Creek Mountain, Warm Springs Ridge, Cacapon

Mountain, Sideling Hill Mountain, and Purslane Mountain. The surface of these soils

is often covered with stones and boulders.

Composition

Extent of the map unit in the county: 14 percent

Extent of the components in the map unit:

Sideling and similar soils—58 percent

Buchanan and similar soils—37 percent

Minor soils—5 percent (including the somewhat poorly drained Clearbrook and

Cavode soils and the poorly drained Andover and Brinkerton soils)

Soil Characteristics

Sideling

Surface layer: Organic duff derived from hardwood leaf litter underlain by very dark

grayish brown gravelly loam

Subsurface layer: Dark yellowish brown gravelly loam

Subsoil: Upper part—yellowish brown gravelly loam; next part—yellowish brown

gravelly clay loam that has reddish brown mottles; next part—strong brown

gravelly clay that has light gray and reddish brown mottles; lower part—strong

brown very cobbly clay loam that has light gray and yellowish red mottles

General Soil Map Units
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

8

Depth class: Very deep

Drainage class: Moderately well drained

Depth to the seasonal high water table: 2.5 to 3.5 feet

Slope: 3 to 35 percent

Parent material: Material weathered from acid sandstone and shale

Buchanan

Surface layer: Organic duff derived from hardwood leaf litter underlain by very dark

gray loam

Subsurface layer: Light yellowish brown loam

Subsoil: Upper part—brownish yellow gravelly loam; next part—light yellowish brown

gravelly loam that has strong brown mottles; next part—strong brown gravelly

loam mottled in shades of red, brown, and gray; lower part—strong brown, firm

and brittle gravelly loam mottled in shades of yellow, gray, and red

Depth class: Very deep

Drainage class: Moderately well drained

Depth to the seasonal high water table: 1.5 to 3.0 feet

Slope: 3 to 35 percent

Parent material: Material weathered from acid sandstone and shale

Use and Management

Most areas of these soils are wooded. A few small areas have been cleared and

are used for pasture and hay or as homesites.

Cropland

In most areas these soils are not suited to crops. The extremely stony surface is

the main limitation.

Pasture and Hayland

In most areas these soils are not suited to hay and are difficult to manage for

pasture. The stony surface is the main limitation.

Woodland

The potential productivity for trees is moderately high. The seasonal high water

table and the stones on the surface are limitations affecting logging operations.

Community Development

The seasonal high water table and the extremely stony surface are the main

limitations affecting community development.

2. Calvin-Klinesville

Gently sloping to very steep, well drained and somewhat excessively drained,

moderately deep and shallow soils that have a medium textured subsoil; formed in

materials weathered from reddish brown sandstone and shale; on uplands

Setting

These soils are mainly on convex ridges and hillsides. They are in three broad

bands that extend north to south through the county. These bands are roughly parallel

to Sleepy Creek Mountain and Sideling Hill Mountain.

Composition

Extent of the map unit in the county: 21 percent

Extent of the components in the map unit:

Calvin and similar soils: 55 percent

Klinesville and similar soils: 23 percent
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

9

Minor soils: 22 percent (including the moderately well drained Hustontown soils

and the well drained Berks soils)

Soil Characteristics

Calvin

Surface layer: Dark reddish brown channery loam

Subsoil: Reddish brown channery and very channery loam

Depth class: Moderately deep

Drainage class: Well drained

Depth to the seasonal high water table: More than 6 feet

Slope: 3 to 65 percent

Parent material: Material weathered from reddish brown, acid, fine grained sandstone

and shale

Klinesville

Surface layer: Dark reddish brown channery loam

Subsurface layer: Reddish brown very channery loam

Subsoil: Reddish brown very channery loam

Depth class: Shallow

Drainage class: Somewhat excessively drained

Depth to the seasonal high water table: More than 6 feet

Slope: 3 to 65 percent

Parent material: Material weathered from reddish brown, acid, fine grained sandstone

and shale

Use and Management

Most of the gently sloping and strongly sloping areas of these soils have been

cleared and are used for pasture, hay, or orchards (fig. 4). Cultivated crops are grown

in a few areas. Almost all of the moderately steep to very steep hillsides are forested.

The woodland consists mainly of oak-hickory and Virginia pine-pitch pine forest types.

Cropland

Droughtiness and the slope are the main limitations affecting crop production.

Pasture and Hayland

Establishing and maintaining a healthy cover of sod and preventing overgrazing

are major management concerns in pastured areas. The droughtiness limits forage

production in midsummer.

Woodland

The potential productivity for trees is moderate or moderately high. Erosion is a

hazard affecting logging operations.

Community Development

The depth to bedrock and the slope are the main limitations affecting community

development.

3. Hazleton-Dekalb

Gently sloping to very steep, somewhat excessively drained and well drained soils

that have a medium textured or coarse textured subsoil; formed in material weathered

mainly from acid sandstone; on uplands

Setting

These soils are on ridgetops and side slopes of Third Hill Mountain, Sleepy Creek

Mountain, Cacapon Mountain, Sideling Hill, and Purslane Mountain. Slopes range

from 3 to 65 percent.
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

10

Composition

Extent of the map unit in the county: 10 percent

Extent of the components in the map unit:

Hazleton and similar soils: 46 percent

Dekalb and similar soils: 30 percent

Minor components: 24 percent (including the well drained Lehew soils and areas

of rock outcrop)

Soil Characteristics

Hazleton

Surface layer: Extremely stony, organic duff derived from hardwood leaf litter

underlain by very dark brown channery loam

Subsurface layer: Dark yellowish brown channery sandy loam

Subsoil: Upper part—yellowish brown very channery loam; next part—strong brown

very channery loam; lower part—strong brown very channery sandy loam

Depth class: Very deep

Drainage class: Well drained

Figure 4.—An orchardist prepares the soil for planting ground cover after planting apple trees in an

area of Calvin-Klinesville channery loams, 8 to 15 percent slopes, which is in the CalvinKlinesville general soil map unit.
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

11

Depth to the seasonal high water table: More than 6 feet

Slope: 15 to 65 percent

Parent material: Material weathered from acid sandstone and shale

Dekalb

Surface layer: Extremely stony, organic duff derived from hardwood leaf litter

underlain by very dark brown channery sandy loam

Subsurface layer: Grayish brown very channery loamy sand

Subsoil: Yellowish brown very channery sandy loam underlain by yellowish brown

extremely flaggy sandy loam

Depth class: Moderately deep

Drainage class: Somewhat excessively drained

Slope: 3 to 65 percent

Depth to the seasonal water table: More than 6 feet

Parent material: Material weathered from acid sandstone and some interbedded

shale

Use and Management

Most areas of these soils are forested. A few small areas are used as pasture. The

woodland consists mainly of oak-hickory and Virginia pine-pitch pine forest types.

Cropland

Because of the slope and the stones on the surface, these soils are not suited to

cultivated crops.

Pasture and Hayland

In most areas these soils are not suited to hay and are difficult to manage for

pasture. The slope and the stones on the surface are the main limitations.

Woodland

The potential productivity for trees is moderate on south aspects of these soils and

moderate or moderately high on north aspects. The slope is the main limitation

affecting logging operations.

Community Development

In many areas these soils are not suited to community development because of the

very steep slopes. The depth to bedrock is an additional limitation in areas of the

Dekalb soils.

4. Murrill-Litz

Gently sloping to very steep, well drained, moderately deep and very deep soils that

have a medium textured subsoil; formed in material weathered from sandstone,

limestone, and limy shale; on uplands

Setting

These soils are mainly on the western slopes of Warm Springs Ridge, in the Sir

Johns Run watershed, and on the eastern slopes of Tonoloway Ridge. They are on

gently sloping and strongly sloping, convex ridges and valley sides and on steep and

very steep, convex or slightly concave hillsides. Slopes range from 3 to 65 percent.

Composition

Extent of the map unit in the county: 3 percent

Extent of the components in the map unit:

Murrill and similar soils: 42 percent
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

12

Litz and similar soils: 36 percent

Minor components: 22 percent (including the well drained Caneyville, Blackthorn,

and Opequon soils; the moderately well drained Clarksburg soils; and areas of

rock outcrop)

Soil Characteristics

Murrill

Surface layer: Very dark gray loam

Subsurface layer: Brown loam

Subsoil: Upper part—yellowish brown gravelly loam; next part—strong brown gravelly

loam; next part—strong brown gravelly sandy clay loam; lower part—yellowish red

silty clay

Depth class: Very deep

Drainage class: Well drained

Depth to the seasonal high water table: More than 6 feet

Slope: 3 to 35 percent

Parent material: Material weathered from limestone mixed with some material

weathered from sandstone and chert

Litz

Surface layer: Organic duff derived from hardwood leaf litter underlain by very dark

grayish brown channery silt loam

Subsurface layer: Yellowish brown channery silt loam

Subsoil: Upper part—yellowish brown very channery silt loam; lower part—mixed

yellowish brown very channery silt loam and strong brown very channery silty

clay

Depth class: Moderately deep

Drainage class: Well drained

Depth to the seasonal high water table: More than 6 feet

Slope: 8 to 65 percent

Parent material: Material weathered from leached calcareous shale interbedded with

widely spaced shaly limestone

Use and Management

Most areas of these soils are forested. The woodland consists of oak-hickory or

mixed hardwood forest types. In some gently sloping to moderately steep areas, the

soils have been cleared and are used for pasture or hay or as homesites.

Cropland

The nonstony, strongly sloping areas of these soils are suited to crops; however,

erosion is a severe hazard in unprotected areas.

Pasture and Hayland

The strongly sloping and moderately steep soils that do not have surface stones

are suited to pasture and hay. Other areas are suited only to pasture. In some areas

the surface stones and the very steep slope make it difficult to manage pasture.

Woodland

In most areas the potential productivity for trees is moderately high.

Community Development

In many areas of these soils, the slope is a limitation affecting community

development. The depth to bedrock is an additional limitation in areas of the Litz soils.

In some areas solution channels in the limestone bedrock increase the hazard of

ground water pollution if the soils are used as sites for septic tank absorption fields.
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

13

5. Monongahela-Philo-Combs-Holly

Nearly level to strongly sloping, well drained to very poorly drained, very deep soils

that have a medium textured subsoil; formed in material washed from soils on

uplands that are underlain mainly by mixed shale, sandstone, and limestone; on

stream terraces and flood plains

Setting

These soils are mainly on flood plains and stream terraces along Sleepy Creek,

the Potomac River, and the Cacapon River. Slopes range from 0 to 15 percent.

Composition

Extent of the map unit in the county: 10 percent

Extent of the components in the map unit:

Monongahela and similar soils: 27 percent

Philo and similar soils: 25 percent

Combs and similar soils: 15 percent

Holly and similar soils: 14 percent

Minor soils: 19 percent (including the poorly drained Dunning soils, the somewhat

poorly drained Tygart soils, and the well drained Allegheny and Downsville

soils)

Soil Characteristics

Monongahela

Surface layer: Dark yellowish brown silt loam

Subsoil: Upper part—yellowish brown silt loam; next part—dark yellowish brown silt

loam mottled in shades of brown and gray; next part—light olive brown, firm and

brittle silt loam mottled in shades of brown and gray; lower part—yellowish brown

clay loam that has gray mottles

Depth class: Very deep

Drainage class: Moderately well drained

Depth to the seasonal high water table: 1.5 to 3.0 feet

Slope: 0 to 15 percent

Parent material: Material washed from upland soils that are underlain mainly by acid

shale and sandstone

Philo

Surface layer: Brown silt loam

Subsoil: Upper part—dark yellowish brown silt loam; next part—yellowish brown silt

loam that has a few mottles in shades of brown and gray; lower part—brown silt

loam that has common or many mottles in shades of brown and gray

Depth class: Very deep

Drainage class: Moderately well drained

Depth to the seasonal high water table: 1.5 to 3.0 feet

Slope: 0 to 3 percent

Parent material: Material washed from upland soils that are underlain mainly by acid

shale and sandstone

Combs

Surface layer: Dark brown fine sandy loam

Subsoil: Upper part—dark yellowish brown fine sandy loam; lower part—dark brown

to brown fine sandy loam

Depth class: Very deep
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

14

Drainage class: Well drained

Depth to the seasonal high water table: More than 6 feet

Slope: 0 to 3 percent

Parent material: Material washed from upland soils that are underlain by mixed shale,

sandstone, and limestone

Holly

Surface layer: Dark grayish brown silt loam that has common, strong brown mottles

Subsoil: Upper part—grayish brown silt loam that has many strong brown mottles;

next part—grayish brown loam that has many mottles in shades of yellowish

brown; next part—light brownish gray sandy loam that has many mottles in

shades of brown; lower part—brown gravelly sandy loam that has many mottles

in shades of brown and red

Depth class: Very deep

Drainage class: Very poorly drained or poorly drained

Seasonal high water table: Within a depth of 0.5 foot

Slope: 0 to 3 percent

Parent material: Material washed from soils on uplands underlain by mixed shale,

sandstone, and limestone

Use and Management

Most areas of the Monongahela, Philo, and Combs soils have been cleared and

are used for cultivated crops, hay, or pasture (fig. 5). Most areas of the Holly soils are

in wooded wetlands.

Figure 5.—An area of the Monongahela-Philo-Combs-Holly general soil map unit along Sleepy

Creek used for corn production. The soil is Monongahela silt loam, 3 to 8 percent slopes.
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

15

Cropland

The Monongahela, Philo, and Combs soils are well suited to crop production. In

most areas these soils are prime farmland. Occasional flooding may damage crops in

some areas. If drained, Holly soils are suited to crop production.

Pasture and Hayland

The Monongahela, Philo, and Combs soils are well suited to pasture and hay. The

Philo and Holly soils are better suited to grasses than to legumes because of the

wetness.

Woodland

Potential productivity for trees is moderately high. In some areas of the Philo and

Holly soils, the seasonal wetness is a limitation affecting logging operations.

Community Development

The seasonal wetness is the main limitation affecting community development in

areas of the Monongahela soils. Philo, Combs, and Holly soils are not suited to

community development because flooding is a hazard.

6. Schaffenaker-Vanderlip

Gently sloping to very steep, somewhat excessively drained, moderately deep and

very deep soils that have a coarse textured subsoil; formed in material weathered

from sandstone; on uplands

Setting

These soils are on Warm Springs Ridge. Slopes range from 3 to 65 percent.

Composition

Extent of the map unit in the county: 1 percent

Extent of the components in the map unit:

Schaffenaker and similar soils: 38 percent

Vanderlip and similar soils: 22 percent

Minor components: 40 percent (including the somewhat excessively drained

Dekalb soils, the well drained Hazleton soils, areas of rock outcrop, and

sandstone quarries)

Soil Characteristics

Schaffenaker

Surface layer: Organic duff derived from hardwood leaf litter underlain by very dark

brown loamy sand

Subsurface: Brown loamy sand

Subsoil: Yellowish brown gravelly loamy sand

Depth class: Moderately deep

Drainage class: Somewhat excessively drained

Depth to the seasonal high water table: More than 6 feet

Slope: 3 to 65 percent

Parent material: Material weathered from sandstone

Vanderlip

Surface layer: Organic duff derived from hardwood leaf litter underlain by dark brown

loamy sand

Subsurface layer: Dark yellowish brown gravelly loamy sand

Subsoil: Upper part—yellowish brown very cobbly loamy sand; next part—yellowish

brown sand; next part—brownish yellow sand that has thin bands of strong brown
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

16

loamy sand; lower part—very pale brown very bouldery sand that has thin bands

of strong brown loamy sand

Depth class: Very deep

Drainage class: Somewhat excessively drained

Depth to the seasonal high water table: More than 6 feet

Slope: 15 to 65 percent

Parent material: Material weathered from sandstone

Use and Management

Most areas of this unit are in mixed hardwood forests. Some have been used as

homesites. Others are located within Cacapon State Park and are used for

recreational activities.

Cropland

These soils are not suited to cultivated crops. Droughtiness, the slope, and

boulders on the surface are the main limitations.

Pasture and Hayland

These soils are not suited to hay and are difficult to manage for pasture. The slope

and the surface boulders impede the operation of farm equipment. In midsummer the

droughtiness limits production of forage.

Woodland

The potential productivity for trees is moderately high. In some areas the slope and

the surface boulders are limitations affecting logging equipment.

Community Development

The slope and depth to bedrock are the main limitations affecting community

development. The soils generally are unsuitable as sites for septic tank absorption

fields because permeability is rapid and the effluent may not be adequately treated

before it reaches the ground water.

7. Udorthents-Urban Land

Areas of Urban land and very shallow to very deep, nearly level to very steep,

variably drained soils that are loamy or sandy, depending on the parent material; in

diverse landscape positions

Setting

This map unit consists of urban areas and areas where the landscape has been

altered for community development. It is mostly in the town of Berkeley Springs and

along the U.S. Route 522 corridor.

Composition

Extent of the map unit in the county: 1 percent

Extent of the components in the map unit:

Udorthents: 77 percent

Urban land: 16 percent

Minor soils: 7 percent (including the very deep Philo soils, the moderately deep

Berks soils, and the shallow Weikert soils)

Component Characteristics

Udorthents

These soils, commonly referred to as fill material, are in nearly level to very steep

areas that have been drastically disturbed by excavating, grading, filling, or a

combination of these practices. The surface layer of these soils ranges from sandy
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

17

loam to clay that has a wide range in size, amount, and kind of rock fragments.

Generally, the soils derived from shale are loamy or clayey in texture and the soils

derived from sandstone are sandy in texture.

Urban land

The Urban land consists of areas where asphalt, concrete, or other impervious

material covers at least 90 percent of the land surface.

Use and Management

This map unit is used for industrial, commercial, residential, and recreational

development. Most areas of this map unit have public utilities.

8. Weikert-Berks

Nearly level to very steep, somewhat excessively drained and well drained, shallow

and moderately deep soils that have a medium textured subsoil; formed in material

weathered from acid shale; on uplands

Setting

These soils generally are on upland ridges, nose slopes, and side slopes that have

deeply dissected drainageways. They are scattered throughout the county. Slopes

range from 3 to 70 percent.

Composition

Extent of the map unit in the county: 40 percent

Extent of the components in the map unit:

Weikert soils: 43 percent

Berks soils: 34 percent

Minor components: 23 percent (including the excessively drained Rushtown soils,

the somewhat excessively drained Rough soils, the moderately well drained

Ernest soils, the somewhat poorly drained Clearbrook soils, and areas of rock

outcrop)

Soil Characteristics

Weikert

Surface layer: Very dark grayish brown very channery silt loam

Subsoil: Yellowish brown very channery silt loam

Depth class: Shallow

Drainage class: Somewhat excessively drained

Depth to the seasonal high water table: More than 6 feet

Parent material: Soft, rippable, acid shale

Berks

Surface layer: Brown channery silt loam

Subsoil: Upper part—yellowish brown channery silt loam; lower part—yellowish brown

and strong brown very channery silt loam

Depth class: Moderately deep

Drainage class: Well drained

Depth to the seasonal high water table: More than 6 feet

Parent material: Soft, rippable, acid shale

Use and Management

Most of the broad ridgetops have been cleared and are used for pasture, hay, or

cultivated crops or as sites for community development. Many areas are forested. A

few small areas are used for orchards. The steep and very steep side slopes are
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

18

generally forested. Woodland consists of oak-hickory and Virginia pine-pitch pine

forest types.

Cropland

In the gently sloping and strongly sloping areas, these soils are generally suited to

cropland, but production generally is low. Droughtiness and low natural fertility are the

main limitations.

Pasture and Hayland

These soils are suited to pasture and hay. The droughtiness limits forage

production in midsummer.

Woodland

Potential productivity for trees is moderate in most areas of these soils. On tree

plantations, especially on south-facing slopes, the droughtiness and the low natural

fertility result in a moderate seedling mortality rate.

Community Development

The depth to bedrock and the slope are the main limitations affecting community

development.
19

Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

The map units delineated on the detailed soil maps in this survey represent the

soils or miscellaneous areas in the survey area. The map unit descriptions in this

section, along with the maps, can be used to determine the suitability and potential of

a unit for specific uses. They also can be used to plan the management needed for

those uses.

A map unit delineation on a soil map represents an area dominated by one or

more major kinds of soil or miscellaneous areas. A map unit is identified and named

according to the taxonomic classification of the dominant soils. Within a taxonomic

class there are precisely defined limits for the properties of the soils. On the

landscape, however, the soils are natural phenomena, and they have the

characteristic variability of all natural phenomena. Thus, the range of some observed

properties may extend beyond the limits defined for a taxonomic class. Areas of soils

of a single taxonomic class rarely, if ever, can be mapped without including areas of

other taxonomic classes. Consequently, every map unit is made up of the soils or

miscellaneous areas for which it is named and some minor components that belong

to taxonomic classes other than those of the major soils.

Most minor soils have properties similar to those of the dominant soil or soils in the

map unit, and thus they do not affect use and management. These are called

noncontrasting, or similar, components. They may or may not be mentioned in a

particular map unit description. Other minor components, however, have properties

and behavioral characteristics divergent enough to affect use or to require different

management. These are called contrasting, or dissimilar, components. They generally

are in small areas and could not be mapped separately because of the scale used.

Some small areas of strongly contrasting soils or miscellaneous areas are identified

by a special symbol on the maps. The contrasting components are mentioned in the

map unit descriptions. A few areas of minor components may not have been

observed, and consequently they are not mentioned in the descriptions, especially

where the pattern was so complex that it was impractical to make enough

observations to identify all the soils and miscellaneous areas on the landscape.

The presence of minor components in a map unit in no way diminishes the

usefulness or accuracy of the data. The objective of mapping is not to delineate pure

taxonomic classes but rather to separate the landscape into landforms or landform

segments that have similar use and management requirements. The delineation of

such segments on the map provides sufficient information for the development of

resource plans. If intensive use of small areas is planned, however, onsite

investigation is needed to define and locate the soils and miscellaneous areas.

An identifying symbol precedes the map unit name in the map unit descriptions.

Each description includes general facts about the unit and gives the principal hazards

and limitations to be considered in planning for specific uses.

Soils that have profiles that are almost alike make up a soil series. Except for

differences in texture of the surface layer, all the soils of a series have major horizons

that are similar in composition, thickness, and arrangement.

Soils of one series can differ in texture of the surface layer, slope, rock fragments

on the soil surface, salinity, degree of erosion, and other characteristics that affect

Detailed Soil Map Units
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

20

their use. On the basis of such differences, a soil series is divided into soil phases.

Most of the areas shown on the detailed soil maps are phases of soil series. The

name of a soil phase commonly indicates a feature that affects use or management.

For example, Monongahela silt loam, 3 to 8 percent slopes, is a phase of the

Monongahela series.

Some map units are made up of two or more major soils or miscellaneous areas.

These map units are called complexes. A complex consists of two or more soils or

miscellaneous areas in such an intricate pattern or in such small areas that they

cannot be shown separately on the maps. The pattern and proportion of the soils or

miscellaneous areas are somewhat similar in all areas. Weikert-Berks channery silt

loams, 8 to 15 percent slopes, is an example.

This survey includes miscellaneous areas. Such areas have little or no soil material

and support little or no vegetation. The map unit Quarry, sandstone, is an example.

Table 4 gives the acreage and proportionate extent of each map unit. Other tables

give properties of the soils and the limitations, capabilities, and potentials for many

uses. The Glossary defines many of the terms used in describing the soils or

miscellaneous areas.

AgB—Allegheny loam, 3 to 8 percent slopes

Setting

Landscape position: Gently sloping, slightly convex stream terraces

Composition

Allegheny soil and similar soils: 80 percent

Dissimilar inclusions: 20 percent

Typical Profile

Surface layer:

0 to 8 inches—brown loam

Subsoil:

8 to 34 inches—yellowish brown silt loam

34 to 42 inches—strong brown loam

Underlying material:

42 to 65 inches—strong brown gravelly loam

Soil Properties and Qualities

Drainage class: Well drained

Permeability: Moderate (0.6 inch to 6.0 inches per hour)

Available water capacity: Moderate or high

Seasonal high water table: None

Flooding: None

Shrink-swell potential: Low

Hazard of water erosion: Moderate

Percentage of the surface covered by rock fragments: None

Natural fertility: Low

Reaction: In unlimed areas, very strongly acid or strongly acid (pH 4.5 to 5.5)

Surface runoff: Medium

Depth to bedrock: More than 60 inches

Minor Components

Dissimilar soils:

• The moderately well drained Monongahela soils
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

21

• The somewhat poorly drained Tygart soils

• Small areas of Combs soils, which are subject to occasional flooding

• Small areas of the moderately deep Berks soils

Similar soils:

• Downsville soils, which have more gravel throughout than the Allegheny soil

• A few areas of nearly level or strongly sloping soils

Use and Management

Uses: Most areas of this Allegheny soil are wooded. Some have been cleared

and are used for crops or for hay and pasture. Other areas are used as

homesites.

Cropland

Suitability: Suited

Management concerns:

• In unprotected areas erosion is a moderate hazard.

Management measures:

• Conservation tillage, contour farming, winter cover crops, and crop residue

management help to control erosion and to maintain fertility and tilth.

• Designing fertilizer and manure applications to meet crop nutrient needs, using split

fertilizer applications, and applying fertilizer in bands minimize the loss of nutrients

by leaching.

Pasture and Hayland

Suitability: Suited

Management concerns:

• Establishing and maintaining a mixture of grasses and legumes and preventing

overgrazing are major concerns in pastured areas.

• Erosion is a moderate hazard if pastures are overgrazed and the sod is

removed.

Management measures:

• Proper stocking rates, a uniform distribution of grazing, and a planned grazing

system help to keep pastures in good condition.

• Applying lime and fertilizer according to the results of soil tests helps to ensure

maximum growth of forages, especially legumes.

Woodland

Potential productivity: High

Management concerns:

• Because this soil is soft when wet, use of logging equipment during wet periods will

result in excessive rutting.

• Erosion is a hazard on logging roads and skid trails.

Management measures:

• Equipment should be used only when the soil is relatively dry or has an adequate

snow cover.

• Building logging roads and skid trails on the contour and seeding the roads and

trails after the trees are logged help to control erosion.

Community Development

Management concerns:

• The restricted permeability may limit the proper functioning of septic tank

absorption fields.

• Erosion is a moderate hazard on construction sites.

Management measures:

• Increasing the size of the absorption area and backfilling with gravel help to

compensate for the restricted permeability.
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

22

• Maintaining the plant cover on construction sites, establishing a plant cover in

unprotected areas, and providing for the proper disposal of surface runoff help to

control erosion and sedimentation.

Interpretive Groups

Land capability classification: 2e

Prime farmland: Yes

Hydric soil: No

AgC—Allegheny loam, 8 to 15 percent slopes

Setting

Landscape position: Strongly sloping, slightly convex stream terraces

Composition

Allegheny soil and similar soils: 80 percent

Dissimilar inclusions: 20 percent

Typical Profile

Surface layer:

0 to 7 inches—brown loam

Subsoil:

7 to 33 inches—yellowish brown silt loam

33 to 41 inches—strong brown loam

Underlying material:

41 to 65 inches—strong brown gravelly loam

Soil Properties and Qualities

Drainage class: Well drained

Permeability: Moderate (0.6 inch to 6.0 inches per hour)

Available water capacity: Moderate or high

Seasonal high water table: None

Flooding: None

Shrink-swell potential: Low

Hazard of water erosion: Severe

Percentage of the surface covered by rock fragments: None

Natural fertility: Low

Reaction: In unlimed areas, very strongly acid or strongly acid (pH 4.5 to 5.5)

Surface runoff: Medium

Depth to bedrock: More than 60 inches

Minor Components

Dissimilar inclusions:

• The moderately well drained Monongahela soils

• Small areas of the moderately deep Berks soils

Similar soils:

• Downsville soils, which have more gravel throughout

• A few areas of soils that are 40 to 60 inches deep over shale bedrock

• A few areas of gently sloping to moderately steep soils
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

23

Use and Management

Uses: Most areas of this Allegheny soil are wooded. Some have been cleared

and are used for crops or for hay and pasture. Other areas are used as

homesites.

Cropland

Suitability: Suited

Management concerns:

• In unprotected areas erosion is a severe hazard.

Management measures:

• Conservation tillage, contour farming, winter cover crops, and crop residue

management help to control erosion and to maintain fertility and tilth.

• Designing fertilizer and manure applications to meet crop nutrient needs, splitting

fertilizer applications, and applying fertilizer in bands minimize the loss of nutrients

by leaching.

Pasture and Hayland

Suitability: Suited

Management concerns:

• Establishing and maintaining a mixture of grasses and legumes and preventing

overgrazing are major concerns in pastured areas.

• Erosion is a severe hazard if pastures are overgrazed and the sod is removed.

Management measures:

• Proper stocking rates, a uniform distribution of grazing, and a planned grazing

system help to keep pastures in good condition.

• Applying lime and fertilizer according to the results of soil tests helps to ensure

maximum growth of forages, especially legumes.

Woodland

Potential productivity: High

Management concerns:

• Because this soil is soft when wet, use of logging equipment during wet periods will

result in excessive rutting.

• Erosion is a hazard on logging roads and skid trails.

Management measures:

• Equipment should be used only when the soil is relatively dry or has an adequate

snow cover.

• Building logging roads and skid trails on the contour and seeding the roads and

trails after the trees are logged help to control erosion.

Community Development

Management concerns:

• The slope is a major limitation affecting most urban uses.

• The restricted permeability may limit the proper functioning of septic tank

absorption fields.

• Erosion is a severe hazard on construction sites.

Management measures:

• Increasing the size of the absorption area and backfilling with gravel help to

compensate for restricted permeability.

• Maintaining the plant cover on construction sites, establishing a plant cover in

unprotected areas, and providing for the proper disposal of surface runoff help to

control erosion and sedimentation.
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

24

Interpretive Groups

Land capability classification: 3e

Prime farmland: No

Hydric soil: No

AnB—Andover gravelly loam, 3 to 8 percent slopes

Setting

Landscape position: Gently sloping, concave toeslopes; mainly along the eastern side

of Cacapon Mountain

Note: Seepy spots and springs common in some areas

Composition

Andover soil and similar soils: 75 percent

Dissimilar inclusions: 25 percent

Typical Profile

Surface layer:

0 to 8 inches—dark grayish brown gravelly loam that has gray and yellowish brown

redoximorphic features

Subsoil:

8 to 14 inches—gray gravelly loam with light gray, very dark grayish brown, and

yellowish brown redoximorphic features

14 to 19 inches—grayish brown gravelly clay loam that has light brownish gray and

yellowish brown redoximorphic features

19 to 46 inches—grayish brown, very firm and brittle gravelly clay loam that has light

brownish gray, strong brown, and gray redoximorphic features

Underlying material:

46 to 65 inches—brown gravelly sandy clay loam that has light gray and dark

yellowish brown redoximorphic features

Soil Properties and Qualities

Drainage class: Poorly drained

Permeability: Slow (0.06 to 0.2 inch per hour)

Available water capacity: Low

Seasonal high water table: Within a depth of 0.5 foot

Flooding: None

Shrink-swell potential: Low

Hazard of water erosion: Moderate

Percentage of the surface covered by rock fragments: None

Natural fertility: Low

Reaction: In unlimed areas, very strongly acid or strongly acid throughout (pH 4.5 to

5.5)

Surface runoff: Medium

Depth to bedrock: More than 60 inches

Minor Components

Dissimilar soils:

• The moderately well drained Buchanan soils

• Small areas of the poorly drained Melvin soils and moderately well drained Lindside

soils on flood plains

• Small areas of the moderately well drained Sideling soils
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

25

Similar soils:

• The poorly drained Brinkerton soils, which are more silty throughout than the

Andover soil

• Somewhat poorly drained soils

• Soils that have a stony surface

• Soils with slopes of less than 3 percent or more than 8 percent

Use and Management

Uses: Most areas of this Andover soil have been cleared and are used as pasture.

Some are wooded. Many areas that have not been drained are used as wetlands.

A Federal permit may be required before these areas can be disturbed.

Cropland

Suitability: Poorly suited because of the seasonal high water table and the slow

permeability; however, crops can be grown if the soil has been adequately

drained.

Management concerns:

• The seasonal wetness may delay tilling and planting in spring.

• Tilling and harvesting when the soil is wet may cause compaction and deterioration

of tilth.

• In unprotected areas erosion is a moderate hazard.

Management measures:

• Minimizing tillage and tilling and harvesting at the proper soil moisture content help

to prevent excessive compaction and to maintain tilth.

• Conservation tillage, contour farming, winter cover crops, and crop residue

management help to control erosion and to maintain fertility and tilth.

Pasture and Hayland

Suitability: Suited (better suited to grasses than to legumes because of the seasonal

high water table)

Management concerns:

• Establishing and maintaining a healthy cover of sod and preventing overgrazing are

major concerns in pastured areas.

• Grazing during wet periods results in surface compaction, poor tilth, and damage to

the sod.

Management measures:

• Proper stocking rates, a planned grazing system, and deferred grazing during wet

periods help to keep pastures in good condition.

• Hay and pasture species that can withstand the seasonal wetness should be

selected for seeding.

• Applying lime and fertilizer according to the results of soil tests helps to ensure

maximum growth of forage plants.

Woodland

Potential productivity: High for water-tolerant species

Management concerns:

• The use of vehicular equipment is restricted during wet periods because this soil is

soft when wet.

• The seasonal high water table and the firm layer in the subsoil may restrict the

rooting depth of some trees and result in a high seedling mortality rate and a

severe hazard of windthrow.

• Competition from undesirable plants may slow the growth of planted tree seedlings.

Management measures:

• The tree species that can withstand the seasonal wetness should be selected for

planting.
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

26

• Harvest methods that do not leave the remaining trees widely spaced minimize the

windthrow hazard.

• Adequate site preparation helps to control initial plant competition in tree

plantations, and spraying helps to control subsequent competition.

Community Development

Management concerns:

• The seasonal high water table and ponding are severe limitations affecting building

site development and local roads and streets.

• The seasonal high water table limits excavation and trafficability and may delay

construction activities in winter and spring.

• The seasonal high water table, the ponding, and the slow permeability are severe

limitations on sites for septic tank absorption fields.

• Erosion is a moderate hazard on construction sites.

Management measures:

• A better suited soil should be considered as a site for septic tank absorption fields.

• Maintaining the plant cover on construction sites, establishing a plant cover in

unprotected areas, and providing for the proper disposal of surface runoff help to

control erosion and sedimentation.

Interpretive Groups

Land capability classification: 4w

Prime farmland: No

Hydric soil: Yes

Ba—Basher fine sandy loam

Setting

Landscape position: Nearly level flood plains; along Middle Fork of Sleepy Creek; in

the southeastern part of the county

Composition

Basher soil and similar soils: 75 percent

Dissimilar inclusions: 25 percent

Typical Profile

Surface layer:

0 to 8 inches—reddish brown fine sandy loam

Subsoil:

8 to 22 inches—reddish brown loam

Underlying material:

22 to 34 inches—variegated reddish brown and yellowish red sandy loam that has

reddish gray redoximorphic features

34 to 46 inches—reddish brown loam that has reddish gray and yellowish red

redoximorphic features

46 to 65 inches—gray gravelly sandy loam that has light brown and reddish yellow

redoximorphic features

Soil Properties and Qualities

Drainage class: Moderately well drained

Permeability: Moderate (0.6 inch to 6.0 inches per hour)

Available water capacity: Moderate or high

Depth to the seasonal high water table: 1.5 to 2.0 feet
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

27

Flooding: Frequency—occasional (5 to 50 percent chance of flooding in any year);

duration—very brief

Shrink-swell potential: Low

Hazard of water erosion: Slight

Percentage of the surface covered by rock fragments: None

Natural fertility: Moderate

Reaction: In unlimed areas, very strongly acid to moderately acid (pH 4.5 to 6.0) in

the surface layer and subsoil and very strongly acid to slightly acid (pH 4.5 to 6.5)

in the underlying material

Surface runoff: Very low

Depth to bedrock: More than 60 inches

Minor Components

Dissimilar soils:

• The well drained Pope soils

• The moderately well drained Hustontown soils on small colluvial footslopes

• The poorly drained Brinkerton soils on small colluvial toeslopes

• The poorly drained Holly soils

• The poorly drained Melvin soils

Similar soils:

• Soils that are gravelly throughout

• Soils that have a surface layer of silt loam

• Soils with slopes of more than 3 percent

Use and Management

Uses: Most areas of this Basher soil are used for hay and pasture. Some are used for

cultivated crops. A few are used as woodland.

Cropland

Suitability: Suited

Management concerns:

• This soil can be cropped year after year if it is properly protected.

• The flooding may occasionally damage crops and delay field operations.

• The seasonal wetness may delay tilling and planting in spring.

• In many areas this soil is subject to streambank erosion.

Management measures:

• Conservation tillage, a crop rotation that includes hay, winter cover crops, and

crop residue management help to control erosion and to maintain fertility and

tilth.

• Leaving a border of trees along streams helps to prevent streambank erosion and

to protect water quality.

Pasture and Hayland

Suitability: Suited (better suited to grasses than to legumes because of the seasonal

high water table)

Management concerns:

• Establishing and maintaining a healthy cover of sod and preventing overgrazing are

major concerns in pastured areas.

• Overgrazing causes surface compaction, increases the runoff rate and the hazard

of erosion, and reduces the vigor of the plant cover.

• Unrestricted access to streams by livestock increases the hazards of streambank

erosion and water pollution.

• Debris may be deposited in pastured areas if the soil is flooded.

• Grazing during wet periods may damage the sod.
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

28

Management measures:

• Proper stocking rates, a planned grazing system, and deferred grazing during wet

periods help to keep pastures in good condition.

• Streambanks should be fenced, and access to streams by livestock should be

limited to protected crossings.

• Applying lime and fertilizer according to the results of soil tests helps to ensure

maximum growth of forage plants.

Woodland

Potential productivity: Moderately high

Management concerns:

• The use of vehicular equipment is restricted during wet periods because this soil is

soft when wet.

• Competition from weeds may slow the growth of planted tree seedlings.

Management measures:

• The tree species that can withstand the seasonal wetness should be selected for

planting.

• Adequate site preparation helps to control initial plant competition in tree

plantations, and spraying helps to control subsequent competition.

• The addition of roadfill and gravel is needed on sites for year-round logging

roads.

Community Development

Management concerns:

• Because of the flooding and the wetness, this soil is not suited to building site

development and septic tank absorption fields.

• Because of the flooding and the wetness, this soil is severely limited as a site for

local roads and streets.

• Excavations are unstable and are subject to caving.

Management measures:

• A better suited soil should be considered as a site for buildings and septic tank

absorption fields.

• Constructing roads on raised fill material and installing a drainage system help to

overcome the limitations.

• Trench walls should be reinforced to prevent caving.

Interpretive Groups

Land capability classification: 2w

Prime farmland: Yes

Hydric soil: No

BbC—Berks channery loam, 3 to 15 percent slopes, very

stony

Setting

Landscape position: Gently sloping and strongly sloping, convex ridges and

hilltops; mostly along the eastern and western bases of Cacapon Mountain

Composition

Berks soil and similar soils: 80 percent

Dissimilar inclusions: 20 percent
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

29

Typical Profile

Surface layer:

0 to 1 inch—organic duff from highly decomposed hardwood leaf litter

1 to 3 inches—very dark grayish brown channery loam

Subsurface layer:

3 to 4 inches—grayish brown channery loam

Subsoil:

4 to 6 inches—yellowish brown channery loam

6 to 21 inches—strong brown very channery loam

Underlying material:

21 to 24 inches—strong brown extremely channery loam

Bedrock:

24 inches—reddish brown and brownish yellow, fractured shale

Soil Properties and Qualities

Drainage class: Well drained

Permeability: Moderate or moderately rapid (0.6 inch to 6.0 inches per hour)

Available water capacity: Very low or low

Seasonal high water table: None

Flooding: None

Shrink-swell potential: Low

Hazard of water erosion: Moderate or severe

Percentage of the surface covered by rock fragments: 1 to 3 percent covered with

stones

Natural fertility: Low

Reaction: In unlimed areas, extremely acid to strongly acid (pH 3.5 to 5.5)

throughout

Surface runoff: Medium

Depth to bedrock: 20 to 40 inches

Bedrock type: Fractured shale; in places interbedded with fine grained sandstone;

mainly members of the Clinton Formation

Minor Components

Dissimilar inclusions:

• The Sideling soils that are very deep to bedrock

• The Hazleton soils that are deep or very deep and have more sand in the fine-earth

fraction than the Berks soil

• Moderately well drained soils

• Areas of rock outcrop

• Rubbly areas that have more than 15 percent of their surface covered with stones

and boulders

Similar soils:

• The moderately deep Dekalb soils that have more sand in the fine-earth fraction

• The moderately deep Calvin soils that have a reddish brown subsoil

• The shallow Weikert soils

• Soils with slopes of less than 3 percent or more than 15 percent

Use and Management

Uses: Almost all areas of this Berks soil are wooded. A few are used as homesites.
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

30

Cropland

Suitability: Not suited

Management concerns:

• Because of the stones on the surface, this soil is not suited to cultivated

crops.

Pasture and Hayland

Suitability: Not suited to hay; limited suitability for pasture

Management concerns:

• The stones on the soil surface restrict the operation of most farm

equipment.

• Establishing and maintaining a mixture of grasses and legumes and

preventing overgrazing are major concerns in pastured areas.

• Erosion is a moderate or severe hazard if the sod is removed by

overgrazing.

Management measures:

• Proper stocking rates, a uniform distribution of grazing, and a planned

grazing system help to keep pastures in good condition.

• Applying lime and fertilizer according to the results of soil tests helps to

ensure maximum growth of forages, especially legumes.

Woodland

Potential productivity: Moderate

Management concerns:

• Erosion is a hazard on logging roads and skid trails.

Management measures:

• Building logging roads and skid trails on the contour and seeding the roads

and trails after the trees are logged help to control erosion.

Community Development

Management concerns:

• The stones, the depth to bedrock, and the slope are the main limitations

affecting community development.

• The depth to bedrock and the slope are limitations on sites for dwellings,

especially dwellings with basements.

• The depth to bedrock is a limitation on sites for septic tank absorption fields.

• Erosion on construction sites is a moderate or severe hazard.

Management measures:

• In most areas, the bedrock is soft enough to be excavated with conventional

earthmoving equipment.

• Buildings should be designed so that they conform to the natural slope of the

land. Land shaping is necessary in some areas.

• Selecting areas of the deepest included soils as sites for septic tank absorption

fields, installing the absorption field on the contour, and oversizing the absorption

field help to overcome the depth to bedrock.

• Maintaining the plant cover on construction sites, establishing a plant cover in

unprotected areas, and providing for the proper disposal of surface runoff help to

control erosion and sedimentation.

Interpretive Groups

Land capability classification: 6s

Prime farmland: No

Hydric soil: No
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

31

BbE—Berks channery loam, 15 to 35 percent slopes, very

stony

Setting

Landscape position: Moderately steep and steep, convex shoulder slopes and

hillsides; mostly along the eastern and western bases of Cacapon Mountain

Composition

Berks soil and similar soils: 75 percent

Dissimilar inclusions: 25 percent

Typical Profile

Surface layer:

0 to 1 inch—organic duff from highly decomposed hardwood leaf litter

1 to 3 inches—very dark grayish brown channery loam

Subsurface layer:

3 to 4 inches—grayish brown channery loam

Subsoil:

4 to 6 inches—yellowish brown channery loam

6 to 21 inches—strong brown very channery loam

Underlying material:

21 to 24 inches—strong brown extremely channery loam

Bedrock:

24 inches—reddish brown and brownish yellow, fractured shale

Soil Properties and Qualities

Drainage class: Well drained

Permeability: Moderate or moderately rapid (0.6 inch to 6.0 inches per hour)

Available water capacity: Very low or low

Seasonal high water table: None

Flooding: None

Shrink-swell potential: Low

Hazard of water erosion: Severe or very severe

Percentage of the surface covered by rock fragments: 1 to 3 percent covered with

stones

Natural fertility: Low

Reaction: In unlimed areas, extremely acid to strongly acid (pH 3.5 to 5.5) throughout

Surface runoff: High

Depth to bedrock: 20 to 40 inches

Bedrock type: Fractured shale; interbedded with fine grained sandstone in places;

mainly members of the Clinton Formation

Minor Components

Dissimilar inclusions:

• The Sideling soils that are very deep to bedrock

• The Hazleton soils that are deep or very deep and have more sand in the fine-earth

fraction than the Berks soil

• Areas of rock outcrop

• Rubbly areas that have more than 15 percent of their surface covered with stones

and boulders
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

32

Similar soils:

• The moderately deep Dekalb soils that have more sand in the fine-earth fraction

than the Berks soil

• The moderately deep Calvin soils that are reddish brown in the subsoil

• The shallow Weikert soils

• Soils with slope of less than 15 percent or more than 35 percent

Use and Management

Uses: Almost all areas of this Berks soil are wooded. A few are used as

homesites.

Cropland

Suitability: Not suited

Management concerns:

• Because of the stones on the soil surface and the steep slopes, this soil is not

suited to cultivated crops.

Pasture and Hayland

Suitability: Not suited to hay; difficult to manage for pasture

Management concerns:

• The stones on the soil surface and the slope restrict the operation of most farm

equipment.

• Establishing and maintaining a mixture of grasses and legumes and preventing

overgrazing are major concerns in pastured areas.

• Erosion is a severe hazard if the sod is removed by overgrazing.

Management measures:

• Proper stocking rates, a uniform distribution of grazing, and a planned grazing

system help to keep pastures in good condition.

• Applying lime and fertilizer according to the results of soil tests helps to ensure

maximum growth of forages, especially legumes.

Woodland

Potential productivity: Moderate

Management concerns:

• Erosion is a severe hazard on logging roads and skid trails.

• Seedling mortality may be a problem on south aspects due to droughtiness during

the summer months.

Management measures:

• Because of the hazard of erosion, water should be removed from logging roads by

water bars, outsloping or insloping road surfaces, culverts, and drop structures.

• Building logging roads on the contour and seeding the logging roads, skid trails,

and log landings after logging is completed help to control erosion.

• Planting nursery stock that is larger than is typical or planting containerized

seedlings reduces the seedling mortality rate.

• Planting should be timed so that tree seedlings can take full advantage of spring

rains.

Community Development

Management concerns:

• The steep slopes, the stones on the soil surface, and the depth to bedrock are the

main limitations affecting community development.

• The slope is a severe limitation on building sites.

• The depth to bedrock is a limitation affecting building site development, especially

on sites for buildings with basements.

• The depth to bedrock and the slope are severe limitations on sites for septic tank

absorption fields.
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

33

• The slope is a severe limitation on sites for roads and streets.

• Erosion is a severe hazard on construction sites.

Management measures:

• In most areas the bedrock is soft enough to be excavated with conventional

earthmoving equipment.

• Buildings should be designed so that they conform to the natural slope of the land.

Extensive land shaping is necessary in most areas.

• Selecting areas of the deepest included soils as sites for septic tank absorption

fields, installing the absorption field on the contour, and oversizing the absorption

field help to overcome the depth to bedrock and the slope.

• Maintaining the plant cover on construction sites, establishing a plant cover in

unprotected areas, and providing for the proper disposal of surface runoff help to

control erosion and sedimentation.

Interpretive Groups

Land capability classification: 7s

Prime farmland: No

Hydric soil: No

BcD—Berks-Calvin channery loams, 15 to 25 percent

slopes

Setting

Landscape position: Moderately steep, convex, dissected uplands; mainly in the

Sleepy Creek drainage area

Composition

Berks soil and similar soils: 45 percent

Calvin soil and similar soils: 40 percent

Dissimilar inclusions: 15 percent

Typical Profile

Berks

Surface layer:

0 to 5 inches—brown channery loam

Subsoil:

5 to 10 inches—brown channery loam

10 to 19 inches—yellowish brown and strong brown very channery loam

Underlying material:

19 to 23 inches—strong brown and yellowish brown extremely channery loam

Bedrock:

23 inches—yellowish brown, fractured shale

Calvin

Surface layer:

0 to 3 inches—dark reddish brown channery loam

Subsoil:

3 to 5 inches—reddish brown channery loam

5 to 18 inches—reddish brown very channery loam

Underlying material:

18 to 26 inches—reddish brown extremely channery loam
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

34

Bedrock:

26+ inches—dark reddish brown, moderately weathered, fractured and tilted, fine

grained sandstone

Soil Properties and Qualities

Berks

Drainage class: Well drained

Permeability: Moderate or moderately rapid (0.6 inch to 6.0 inches per hour)

Available water capacity: Very low or low

Seasonal high water table: None

Flooding: None

Shrink-swell potential: Low

Hazard of water erosion: Severe

Percentage of the surface covered by rock fragments: None

Natural fertility: Low

Reaction: In unlimed areas, extremely acid to strongly acid (pH 3.6 to 5.5)

Surface runoff: High

Depth to bedrock: 20 to 40 inches

Bedrock type: Shale, siltstone, or fine grained sandstone; interbedded in

many areas

Calvin

Drainage class: Well drained

Permeability: Moderately rapid (2.0 to 6.0 inches per hour)

Available water capacity: Low or moderate

Seasonal high water table: None

Flooding: None

Shrink-swell potential: Low

Hazard of water erosion: Severe

Percentage of the surface covered by rock fragments: None

Natural fertility: Low

Reaction: In unlimed areas, very strongly acid or strongly acid (pH 4.5 to 5.5)

throughout

Surface runoff: Medium

Depth to bedrock: 20 to 40 inches

Bedrock type: Reddish shale or fine grained sandstone or siltstone; interbedded

in some areas

Minor Components

Dissimilar inclusions:

• Small areas of the moderately well drained Philo soils along narrow,

intermittent drainageways

• The somewhat poorly drained Clearbrook soils on concave head slopes

• The moderately well drained Buchanan and Hustontown soils on footslopes

• The very shallow Rough soils

• Small areas of rock outcrop

Similar soils:

• The shallow Weikert soils

• The shallow Klinesville soils

• Lehew soils that have sandier textures throughout

• Soils that are more than 40 inches deep over bedrock

• Soils with slopes of less than 15 percent or more than 25 percent
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

35

Use and Management

Uses: Most areas of these Berks and Calvin soils are wooded. Some are used for

hay and pasture, and a few small areas are used for crops. A few areas have

been used for building site development.

Cropland

Suitability: Poorly suited (better suited to hay and pasture)

Management concerns:

• The hazard of erosion is severe in unprotected areas.

• These soils are droughty during the growing season and have low natural

fertility.

Management measures:

• Conservation tillage, contour farming, contour stripcropping, cover crops, and

crop residue management help to control erosion and to maintain fertility and tilth.

• Leaving crop residue on the surface and adding other organic material help to

conserve soil moisture.

• Because of the droughtiness, these soils are better suited to early maturing small

grain than to late maturing crops, such as corn.

• Applying lime and fertilizer according to the results of soil tests helps to ensure

maximum production.

Pasture and Hayland

Suitability: Suited

Management concerns:

• Establishing and maintaining a mixture of grasses and legumes and preventing

overgrazing are major concerns in pastured areas.

• Overgrazing causes surface compaction, increases the runoff rate and the hazard

of erosion, and reduces the vigor of the plant cover.

• The droughtiness of these soils limits forage production during midsummer.

• Erosion is a severe hazard if the sod is removed by overgrazing.

Management measures:

• Proper stocking rates, a uniform distribution of grazing, and a planned grazing

system help to keep pastures in good condition.

• Establishing warm-season grasses in pastures helps to increase forage production

during midsummer.

• Applying lime and fertilizer according to the results of soil tests helps to ensure the

maximum growth of forage, especially legumes.

Woodland

Potential productivity: Moderate

Management concerns:

• Seedling mortality may be a problem on south aspects due to droughtiness during

the summer months.

• Erosion is a hazard on logging roads and skid trails.

Management measures:

• Tree planting should be timed so that seedlings can take full advantage of spring

rains.

• Planting nursery stock that is larger than is typical or planting containerized

seedlings reduces the seedling mortality rate.

• Because of the hazard of erosion, water should be removed from logging roads by

water bars, outsloping or insloping road surfaces, culverts, and drop structures.

• Building roads and trails on the contour or on the gentler slopes and seeding

logging roads, skid trails, and log landings after the trees are logged help to control

erosion.
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

36

• Logging roads should be designed so that their grade is less than 15 percent

whenever possible.

Community Development

Management concerns:

• The slope is a severe limitation affecting building site development.

• These soils are poorly suited to building site development and to local roads and

streets unless extensive land shaping is done.

• The bedrock may interfere with excavation for roads and foundations. In most areas,

however, the bedrock is soft enough to excavate with conventional earthmoving

equipment.

• The depth to bedrock and the slope may interfere with the proper functioning of

septic tank absorption fields.

• The rock fragments in the surface layer may interfere with the establishment of

lawns and landscaping.

• Establishing and maintaining vegetation on roadbanks is difficult in areas of these

droughty soils, especially on south aspects.

• The hazard of erosion is severe on construction sites.

Management measures:

• Buildings should be designed so that they conform to the natural slope of the land.

• Building roads and streets on the contour helps to overcome the slope.

• Selecting areas of the deepest included soils as sites for septic tank absorption

fields, installing the absorption field on the contour, and oversizing the absorption

field help to overcome the depth to bedrock and the slope.

• Drought-tolerant species, such as tall fescue and crownvetch, should be selected

for planting on roadbanks.

• Maintaining the plant cover on construction sites, establishing a plant cover in

unprotected areas, and providing for the proper disposal of surface runoff help to

control erosion and sedimentation.

Interpretive Groups

Land capability classification: 4e

Prime farmland: No

Hydric soil: No

BcE—Berks-Calvin channery loams, 25 to 35 percent

slopes

Setting

Landscape position: Steep, convex, dissected uplands; mainly in the Sleepy Creek

drainage area

Composition

Berks soil and similar soils: 50 percent

Calvin soil and similar soils: 40 percent

Dissimilar inclusions: 10 percent

Typical Profile

Berks

Surface layer:

0 to 5 inches—brown channery loam

Subsoil:

5 to 10 inches—brown channery loam

10 to 19 inches—yellowish brown and strong brown very channery loam
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

37

Underlying material:

19 to 23 inches—strong brown and yellowish brown extremely channery loam

Bedrock:

23 inches—yellowish brown, fractured shale

Calvin

Surface layer:

0 to 3 inches—dark reddish brown channery loam

Subsoil:

3 to 5 inches—reddish brown channery loam

5 to 18 inches—reddish brown very channery loam

Underlying material:

18 to 26 inches—reddish brown extremely channery loam

Bedrock:

26+ inches—dark reddish brown, moderately weathered, fractured and tilted, fine

grained sandstone

Soil Properties and Qualities

Berks

Drainage class: Well drained

Permeability: Moderate or moderately rapid (0.6 inch to 6.0 inches per hour)

Available water capacity: Very low or low

Seasonal high water table: None

Flooding: None

Shrink-swell potential: Low

Hazard of water erosion: Very severe

Percentage of the surface covered by rock fragments: None

Natural fertility: Low

Reaction: In unlimed areas, extremely acid to strongly acid (pH 3.6 to 5.5)

Surface runoff: High

Depth to bedrock: 20 to 40 inches

Bedrock type: Shale, siltstone, or fine grained sandstone; interbedded in many areas

Calvin

Drainage class: Well drained

Permeability: Moderately rapid (2.0 to 6.0 inches per hour)

Available water capacity: Low or moderate

Seasonal high water table: None

Flooding: None

Shrink-swell potential: Low

Hazard of water erosion: Very severe

Percentage of the surface covered by rock fragments: None

Natural fertility: Low

Reaction: In unlimed areas, very strongly acid or strongly acid (pH 4.5 to 5.5)

throughout

Surface runoff: Medium

Depth to bedrock: 20 to 40 inches

Bedrock type: Reddish shale or fine grained sandstone or siltstone; interbedded in

some areas

Minor Components

Dissimilar inclusions:

• Small areas of the moderately well drained Philo soils along narrow, intermittent

drainageways
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

38

• The moderately well drained Buchanan and Hustontown soils on footslopes

• The very shallow Rough soils

• Small areas of rock outcrop

Similar soils:

• The shallow Weikert soils

• The shallow Klinesville soils

• Lehew soils that have sandier textures throughout

• Soils that are more than 40 inches deep over bedrock

• Soils with slopes of less than 25 percent or more than 35 percent

Use and Management

Uses: Most areas of these Berks and Calvin soils are wooded. A few small areas are

used for pasture.

Cropland

Suitability: Not suited

Management concerns:

• These soils are not suited to cultivated crops because of the steep slopes, the very

severe hazard of erosion, droughtiness, and a low fertility level.

Pasture and Hayland

Suitability: Not suited to hay; suited to pasture

Management concerns:

• Establishing and maintaining a mixture of grasses and legumes and preventing

overgrazing are major concerns in pastured areas.

• Overgrazing causes surface compaction, increases the runoff rate and the hazard

of erosion, and reduces the vigor of the sod.

• The droughtiness of these soils limits forage production during midsummer.

• Erosion is a severe hazard if the sod is removed by overgrazing.

Management measures:

• Proper stocking rates, a uniform distribution of grazing, and a planned grazing

system help to keep pastures in good condition.

• Establishing warm-season grasses in pastures helps to increase forage production

during midsummer.

• Applying lime and fertilizer according to the results of soil tests helps to ensure the

maximum growth of forage, especially legumes.

Woodland

Potential productivity: Moderate

Management concerns:

• Seedling mortality may be a problem on south aspects due to droughtiness during

the summer months.

• Erosion is a hazard on logging roads and skid trails.

Management measures:

• Tree planting should be timed so that seedlings can take full advantage of spring

rains.

• Planting nursery stock that is larger than is typical or planting containerized

seedlings reduces the seedling mortality rate.

• Because of the hazard of erosion, water should be removed from logging roads by

water bars, outsloping or insloping road surfaces, culverts, and drop structures.

• Building logging roads on the contour or on the gentler slopes and seeding logging

roads, skid trails, and log landings after the trees are logged help to prevent

excessive erosion.

• Logging roads should be designed so that their grade is less than 15 percent

whenever possible.
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

39

Community Development

Management concerns:

• The slope is a severe limitation affecting building site development.

• These soils are poorly suited to building site development and to local roads and

streets unless extensive land shaping is done.

• The bedrock may interfere with excavation for roads and foundations. In most

areas, however, the bedrock is soft enough to excavate with conventional

earthmoving equipment.

• The slope and the depth to bedrock make these soils generally unsuitable as a site

for septic tank absorption fields.

• The rock fragments in the surface layer may interfere with the establishment of

lawns and landscaping.

• Establishing and maintaining vegetation on roadbanks is difficult in areas of these

droughty soils, especially on south aspects.

• The hazard of erosion is severe on construction sites.

Management measures:

• Buildings should be designed so that they conform to the natural slope of the

land.

• Building roads and streets on the contour helps to overcome the slope.

• Selecting the deepest areas of the included soils as sites for septic tank absorption

fields, installing the absorption fields on the contour, and oversizing the absorption

fields help to overcome the depth to bedrock and the slope.

• Drought-tolerant species, such as tall fescue and crownvetch, should be selected

for planting on roadbanks.

• Maintaining the plant cover on construction sites, establishing a plant cover in

unprotected areas, and providing for the proper disposal of surface runoff help to

control erosion and sedimentation.

Interpretive Groups

Land capability classification: 6e

Prime farmland: No

Hydric soils: No

BcF—Berks-Calvin channery loams, 35 to 65 percent

slopes

Setting

Landscape position: Very steep, convex, dissected uplands; mainly in the Sleepy

Creek drainage area

Composition

Berks soil and similar soils: 50 percent

Calvin soil and similar soils: 40 percent

Dissimilar inclusions: 10 percent

Typical Profile

Berks

Surface layer:

0 to 5 inches—brown channery loam

Subsoil:

5 to 10 inches—brown channery loam

10 to 19 inches—yellowish brown and strong brown very channery loam
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

40

Underlying material:

19 to 23 inches—strong brown and yellowish brown extremely channery loam

Bedrock:

23 inches—yellowish brown, fractured shale

Calvin

Surface layer:

0 to 3 inches—dark reddish brown channery loam

Subsoil:

3 to 5 inches—reddish brown channery loam

5 to 18 inches—reddish brown very channery loam

Underlying material:

18 to 26 inches—reddish brown extremely channery loam

Bedrock:

26+ inches—dark reddish brown, moderately weathered, fractured and tilted, fine

grained sandstone

Soil Properties and Qualities

Berks

Drainage class: Well drained

Permeability: Moderate or moderately rapid (0.6 inch to 6.0 inches per hour)

Available water capacity: Very low or low

Seasonal high water table: None

Flooding: None

Shrink-swell potential: Low

Hazard of water erosion: Very severe

Percentage of the surface covered by rock fragments: None

Natural fertility: Low

Reaction: In unlimed areas, extremely acid to strongly acid (pH 3.6 to 5.5)

Surface runoff: High

Depth to bedrock: 20 to 40 inches

Bedrock type: Shale, siltstone, or fine grained sandstone; interbedded in many areas

Calvin

Drainage class: Well drained

Permeability: Moderately rapid (2.0 to 6.0 inches per hour)

Available water capacity: Low or moderate

Seasonal high water table: None

Flooding: None

Shrink-swell potential: Low

Hazard of water erosion: Very severe

Percentage of the surface covered by rock fragments: None

Natural fertility: Low

Reaction: In unlimed areas, very strongly acid or strongly acid (pH 4.5 to 5.5)

throughout

Surface runoff: Medium

Depth to bedrock: 20 to 40 inches

Bedrock type: Reddish shale or fine grained sandstone or siltstone; interbedded in

some areas

Minor Components

Dissimilar inclusions:

• Small areas of the moderately well drained Philo soils along narrow, intermittent

drainageways
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

41

• The moderately well drained Buchanan and Hustontown soils on footslopes

• The very shallow Rough soils

• Small areas of rock outcrop

Similar soils:

• The shallow Weikert soils

• The shallow Klinesville soils

• Lehew soils that have sandier textures throughout

• Soils that are more than 40 inches deep over bedrock

• Soils with slopes of less than 35 percent or more than 65 percent

Use and Management

Uses: Most areas of these Berks and Calvin soils are wooded. A few small areas are

used as pasture.

Cropland

Suitability: Not suited

Management concerns:

• These soils are unsuited to cultivated crops because of the very steep slopes, the

very severe hazard of erosion, droughtiness, and the low fertility level.

Pasture and Hayland

Suitability: Not suited

Management concerns:

• The very steep slopes and the very severe hazard of erosion make these soils

unsuited to pasture and hay production.

Woodland

Potential productivity: Moderate

Management concerns:

• Erosion is a severe hazard on logging roads and skid trails.

• Operating logging equipment is hazardous because of the very steep

slopes.

• Seedling mortality may be a problem on south aspects due to droughtiness

during the summer months.

Management measures:

• Because of the slope, special care is needed in laying out logging roads and log

landings and in operating logging equipment.

• Logging roads should be designed so that they conform to the topography.

• Logging roads should be designed so that their grade is less than 15 percent

whenever possible.

• Because of the hazard of erosion, water should be removed from logging roads by

water bars, outsloping or insloping road surfaces, culverts, and drop structures.

• Seeding logging roads, skid trails, and log landings to perennial grasses and

legumes after the trees are logged helps to prevent excessive erosion.

• Tree planting should be timed so that seedlings can take full advantage of spring

rains.

• Planting nursery stock that is larger than is typical or planting containerized

seedlings reduces the seedling mortality rate.

Community Development

Management concerns:

• The very steep slopes and the limited depth to bedrock are severe limitations

affecting community development.

• These soils are generally unsuited to building site development, septic tank

absorption fields, and local roads and streets.
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

42

Interpretive Groups

Land capability classification: 7e

Prime farmland: No

Hydric soils: No

BeB—Berks-Clearbrook channery silt loams, 3 to

8 percent slopes

Setting

Landscape position: Gently sloping, shallowly dissected upland ridges and hilltops;

Berks—mainly on the more sloping, convex portion of the landscape;

Clearbrook—mainly on the less sloping, smooth to slightly concave portion of the

landscape

Composition

Berks soil and similar soils: 50 percent

Clearbrook soil and similar soils: 45 percent

Dissimilar inclusions: 5 percent

Typical Profile

Berks

Surface layer:

0 to 7 inches—brown channery silt loam

Subsoil:

7 to 12 inches—yellowish brown channery silt loam

12 to 21 inches—yellowish brown and strong brown very channery silt loam

Underlying material:

21 to 25 inches—strong brown and yellowish brown extremely channery silt loam

Bedrock:

25 inches—yellowish brown, fractured shale

Clearbrook

Surface layer:

0 to 8 inches—olive brown channery silt loam

Subsoil:

8 to 13 inches—light olive brown channery silty clay loam that has strong brown and

light grayish brown redoximorphic features

13 to 19 inches—light grayish brown very channery silty clay loam that has strong

brown and yellowish brown redoximorphic features

Underlying material:

19 to 22 inches—light brownish gray and gray extremely channery silty clay

Bedrock:

22 inches—stratified dark brown and reddish brown, weathered shale

Soil Properties and Qualities

Berks

Drainage class: Well drained

Permeability: Moderate or moderately rapid (0.6 inch to 6.0 inches per hour)

Available water capacity: Very low or low

Seasonal high water table: None
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

43

Flooding: None

Shrink-swell potential: Low

Hazard of water erosion: Moderate

Percentage of the surface covered by rock fragments: None

Natural fertility: Low

Reaction: In unlimed areas, extremely acid to strongly acid (pH 3.6 to 5.5)

Surface runoff: Medium

Depth to bedrock: 20 to 40 inches

Bedrock type: Shale, siltstone, or fine grained sandstone; interbedded in many areas

Clearbrook

Drainage class: Somewhat poorly drained

Permeability: Moderately slow (0.2 inch to 0.6 inches per hour)

Available water capacity: Very low or low

Depth to the seasonal high water table: 1.0 to 2.5 feet

Flooding: None

Shrink-swell potential: Moderate

Hazard of water erosion: Moderate

Percentage of the surface covered by rock fragments: None

Natural fertility: Low

Reaction: In unlimed areas, very strongly acid or strongly acid (pH 4.5 to 5.5)

Surface runoff: High

Depth to bedrock: 20 to 40 inches

Bedrock type: Weathered shale; rippable in most areas

Minor Components

Dissimilar inclusions:

• Small areas of the deep Cavode soils along upland drainageways

Similar soils:

• The shallow Weikert soils

• Small areas of the moderately deep Calvin soils and the shallow Klinesville soils

that have a reddish brown subsoil

• Soils that are more than 40 inches deep over bedrock

• Soils that have slopes of less than 3 percent or more than 8 percent

Use and Management

Uses: About 50 percent of the areas of these Berks and Clearbrook soils have been

cleared. Many areas are used for hay and pasture. A few small areas are

homesites, and in a few areas, the acreage is idle land. The remainder is used as

woodland.

Cropland

Suitability: Suited

Management concerns:

• Erosion is a hazard in unprotected areas.

• Tillage may be delayed in the spring because of the seasonal high water table in

the Clearbrook soil.

• Droughtiness during the growing season and the low natural fertility are

management concerns.

Management measures:

• Conservation tillage, contour farming, winter cover crops, and crop residue

management help to control erosion and to maintain fertility and tilth.

• Because of the droughtiness, these soils are better suited to early maturing small

grain than to late maturing crops, such as corn.
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

44

• Leaving crop residue on the surface and adding other organic material help to

conserve soil moisture.

• Applying lime and fertilizer according to the results of soil tests helps to ensure

maximum crop production.

Pasture and Hayland

Suitability: Suited (better suited to grasses than to legumes because of the seasonal

high water table in areas of the Clearbrook soil)

Management concerns:

• Establishing and maintaining a healthy cover of sod and preventing overgrazing are

major concerns in pastured areas.

• Overgrazing causes surface compaction, increases the runoff rate and the hazard

of erosion, and reduces the vigor of the plant cover.

• Grazing during wet periods results in surface compaction, poor tilth, and damage to

the sod.

• The droughtiness of these soils limits forage production during summer.

Management measures:

• Proper stocking rates, a planned grazing system, and deferred grazing during wet

periods help to keep pastures in good condition.

• Establishing warm-season grasses in pastures helps to increase forage production

during midsummer.

• Applying lime and fertilizer according to the results of soil tests helps to ensure the

maximum growth of forage plants.

Woodland

Potential productivity: Moderately high

Management concerns:

• Erosion is a hazard on logging roads and skid trails.

• Competition from weeds may slow the growth of planted tree seedlings.

• The wetness may limit the use of logging equipment during the winter and spring in

areas of the Clearbrook soil.

• The seasonal wetness of the Clearbrook soil increases the seedling mortality rate.

Management measures:

• Adequately preparing the site helps to control initial plant competition in tree

plantations, and spraying helps to control subsequent competition.

• Building logging roads and skid trails on the contour and seeding the roads, log

landings, and trails to perennial grasses and legumes reduce the hazard of

erosion.

• The tree species that can withstand the seasonal wetness in areas of the

Clearbrook soil should be selected for planting.

Community Development

Management concerns:

• The depth to bedrock in the Berks and Clearbrook soils and the seasonal high

water table in the Clearbrook soil are severe limitations on sites for septic tank

absorption fields.

• The depth to bedrock is a limitation affecting excavation, building site development,

and road construction. In most areas, however, the bedrock is soft enough to be

excavated with conventional earthmoving equipment.

• The wetness of the Clearbrook soil is a limitation affecting building site development

and road construction. It is also a limitation affecting excavation and trafficability

and may delay construction in the winter and spring.

• Establishing and maintaining vegetation on roadbanks is difficult in areas of these

droughty soils.

• The hazard of erosion is moderate on construction sites.
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

45

Management measures:

• Selecting the deepest areas of well drained soils, installing the absorption field on

the contour, and oversizing the absorption field help to overcome the depth to

bedrock and the seasonal high water table on sites for septic tank absorption fields.

• When building in areas of the Clearbrook soil, installing wide reinforced footers and

footer drains, sealing foundation walls, and backfilling with porous material help to

keep basements dry and to prevent walls and foundations from cracking.

• Buildings can be constructed on well compacted fill material, which raises the site a

sufficient distance above the bedrock and the water table.

• Installing a drainage system and providing a suitable road base that includes the

installation of properly designed geotextiles help to prevent the road damage

caused by wetness in areas of the Clearbrook soil.

• Drought-tolerant species, such as tall fescue and crownvetch, should be selected

for planting on roadbanks. Seeded areas should be mulched with straw.

• Maintaining the plant cover on construction sites, establishing a plant cover in

unprotected areas, and providing for the proper disposal of surface runoff help to

control erosion and sedimentation.

Interpretive Groups

Land capability classification: 2e

Prime farmland: No

Hydric soils: No

BeC—Berks-Clearbrook channery silt loams, 8 to

15 percent slopes

Setting

Landscape position: Strongly sloping, shallowly dissected upland ridges, hilltops, and

streamheads; Berks—mainly on the more sloping, convex portion of the

landscape; Clearbrook—mainly on the less sloping, smooth to concave portion of

the landscape

Composition

Berks soil and similar soils: 55 percent

Clearbrook soil and similar soils: 40 percent

Dissimilar inclusions: 5 percent

Typical Profile

Berks

Surface layer:

0 to 7 inches—brown channery silt loam

Subsoil:

7 to 12 inches—yellowish brown channery silt loam

12 to 21 inches—yellowish brown and strong brown very channery silt loam

Underlying material:

21 to 25 inches—strong brown and yellowish brown extremely channery silt loam

Bedrock:

25 inches—yellowish brown, fractured shale

Clearbrook

Surface layer:

0 to 8 inches—olive brown channery silt loam
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

46

Subsoil:

8 to 13 inches—light olive brown channery silty clay loam that has strong brown and

light grayish brown redoximorphic features

13 to 19 inches—light grayish brown very channery silty clay loam that has strong

brown and yellowish brown redoximorphic features

Underlying material:

19 to 22 inches—light brownish gray and gray extremely channery silty clay

Bedrock:

22 inches—stratified dark brown and reddish brown, weathered shale

Soil Properties and Qualities

Berks

Drainage class: Well drained

Permeability: Moderate or moderately rapid (0.6 inch to 6.0 inches per hour)

Available water capacity: Very low or low

Seasonal high water table: None

Flooding: None

Shrink-swell potential: Low

Hazard of water erosion: Severe

Percentage of the surface covered by rock fragments: None

Natural fertility: Low

Reaction: In unlimed areas, extremely acid to strongly acid (pH 3.6 to 5.5)

Surface runoff: Medium

Depth to bedrock: 20 to 40 inches

Bedrock type: Shale, siltstone, or fine grained sandstone; interbedded in many

areas

Clearbrook

Drainage class: Somewhat poorly drained

Permeability: Moderately slow (0.2 to 0.6 inch per hour)

Available water capacity: Very low or low

Depth to the seasonal high water table: 1.0 to 2.5 feet

Flooding: None

Shrink-swell potential: Moderate

Hazard of water erosion: Severe

Percentage of the surface covered by rock fragments: None

Natural fertility: Low

Reaction: In unlimed areas, very strongly acid or strongly acid (pH 4.5 to 5.5)

Surface runoff: High

Depth to bedrock: 20 to 40 inches

Bedrock type: Weathered shale; rippable in most areas

Minor Components

Dissimilar inclusions:

• Small areas of the deep Cavode soils along upland drainageways

Similar soils:

• The shallow Weikert soils

• Small areas of the moderately deep Calvin soils and the shallow Klinesville soils

that have a reddish brown subsoil

• Small areas of the moderately deep Dekalb soils that have sandier textures

throughout

• Soils that are more than 40 inches deep over bedrock

• Soils that have slopes of less than 8 percent or more than 15 percent
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

47

Use and Management

Uses: About 50 percent of the areas of these Berks and Clearbrook soils have been

cleared. Many areas are used for hay and pasture. A few small areas are

homesites, and in a few areas, the acreage is idle land. The remainder is used as

woodland.

Cropland

Suitability: Suited

Management concerns:

• Erosion is a severe hazard in unprotected areas.

• Tillage may be delayed in the spring because of the seasonal high water table in

the Clearbrook soil.

• Droughtiness during the growing season and the low natural fertility are

management concerns.

Management measures:

• Conservation tillage, contour farming, winter cover crops, and crop residue

management help to control erosion and to maintain fertility and tilth.

• Because of the droughtiness, these soils are better suited to early maturing small

grain than to late maturing crops, such as corn.

• Leaving crop residue on the surface and adding other organic material help to

conserve soil moisture.

• Applying lime and fertilizer according to the results of soil tests helps to ensure

maximum crop production.

Pasture and Hayland

Suitability: Suited (better suited to grasses than to legumes because of the seasonal

high water table in areas of the Clearbrook soil)

Management concerns:

• Establishing and maintaining a healthy cover of sod and preventing overgrazing are

major concerns in pastured areas.

• Overgrazing causes surface compaction, increases the runoff rate and the hazard

of erosion, and reduces the vigor of the plant cover.

• Grazing during wet periods results in surface compaction, poor tilth, and damage to

the sod.

• The droughtiness of these soils limits forage production during summer.

Management measures:

• Proper stocking rates, a planned grazing system, and deferred grazing during wet

periods help to keep pastures in good condition.

• Establishing warm-season grasses in pastures helps to increase forage production

during midsummer.

• Applying lime and fertilizer according to the results of soil tests helps to ensure the

maximum growth of forage plants.

Woodland

Potential productivity: Moderately high

Management concerns:

• Erosion is a hazard on logging roads and skid trails.

• Competition from weeds may slow the growth of planted tree seedlings.

• The wetness may limit the use of logging equipment during the winter and spring in

areas of the Clearbrook soil.

• The seasonal wetness of the Clearbrook soil increases the seedling mortality rate.

Management measures:

• Adequately preparing the site helps to control initial plant competition in tree

plantations, and spraying helps to control subsequent competition.
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

48

• Building logging roads and skid trails on the contour and seeding the roads, log

landings, and trails to perennial grasses and legumes reduce the hazard of

erosion.

• The tree species that can withstand the seasonal wetness of the Clearbrook soil

should be selected for planting.

Community Development

Management concerns:

• The depth to bedrock in the Berks and Clearbrook soils and the seasonal high

water table in the Clearbrook soil are severe limitations on sites for septic tank

absorption fields.

• The depth to bedrock is a limitation affecting excavation, building site development,

and road construction. In most areas, however, the bedrock is soft enough to be

excavated with conventional earthmoving equipment.

• The slope is a limitation affecting building site development and road construction.

• The wetness of the Clearbrook soil is a limitation affecting building site development

and road construction. It is also a limitation affecting excavation and trafficability

and may delay construction in the winter and spring.

• Establishing and maintaining vegetation on roadbanks is difficult in areas of these

droughty soils.

• The hazard of erosion is severe on construction sites.

Management measures:

• Selecting the deepest areas of well drained soils as sites for septic tank absorption

fields, installing the absorption field on the contour, and oversizing the absorption

field help to overcome the depth to bedrock and the seasonal high water table.

• Buildings should be designed so that they conform to the natural slope of the land.

Land shaping is necessary in some areas.

• When building in areas of the Clearbrook soil, installing wide reinforced footers and

footer drains, sealing foundation walls, and backfilling with porous material help to

keep basements dry and to prevent walls and foundations from cracking.

• Buildings can be constructed on well compacted fill material, which raises the site a

sufficient distance above the bedrock and the water table.

• Installing a drainage system and providing a suitable road base that includes the

installation of properly designed geotextiles help to prevent the road damage

caused by wetness in areas of the Clearbrook soil.

• Drought-tolerant species, such as tall fescue and crownvetch, should be selected

for planting on roadbanks. Seeded areas should be mulched with straw.

• Maintaining the plant cover on construction sites, establishing a plant cover in

unprotected areas, and providing for the proper disposal of surface runoff help to

control erosion and sedimentation.

Interpretive Groups

Land capability classification: 3e

Prime farmland: No

Hydric soils: No

BkB—Berks-Weikert channery silt loams, 3 to 8 percent

slopes

Setting

Landscape position: Gently sloping, convex, dissected uplands

Note: The two soils occur as areas so intermingled on the landscape that it was

impractical to map them separately.
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

49

Composition

Berks soil and similar soils: 45 percent

Weikert soil and similar soils: 40 percent

Dissimilar inclusions: 15 percent

Typical Profile

Berks

Surface layer:

0 to 7 inches—brown channery silt loam

Subsoil:

7 to 12 inches—yellowish brown channery silt loam

12 to 21 inches—yellowish brown and strong brown very channery silt loam

Underlying material:

21 to 25 inches—strong brown and yellowish brown extremely channery silt loam

Bedrock:

25 inches—yellowish brown, fractured shale

Weikert

Surface layer:

0 to 6 inches—dark brown channery silt loam

Subsoil:

6 to 14 inches—yellowish brown very channery silt loam

Underlying material:

14 to 18 inches—yellowish brown extremely channery silt loam

Bedrock:

18 inches—gray, fractured shale

Soil Properties and Qualities

Berks

Drainage class: Well drained

Permeability: Moderate or moderately rapid (0.6 inch to 6.0 inches per hour)

Available water capacity: Very low or low

Seasonal high water table: None

Flooding: None

Shrink-swell potential: Low

Hazard of water erosion: Moderate

Percentage of the surface covered by rock fragments: None

Natural fertility: Low

Reaction: In unlimed areas, extremely acid to strongly acid (pH 3.6 to 5.5)

Surface runoff: Medium

Depth to bedrock: 20 to 40 inches

Bedrock type: Shale, siltstone, or fine grained sandstone; interbedded in many areas

Weikert

Drainage class: Somewhat excessively drained

Permeability: Moderately rapid (2.0 to 6.0 inches per hour)

Available water capacity: Very low

Seasonal high water table: None

Flooding: None

Shrink-swell potential: Low

Hazard of water erosion: Moderate
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

50

Percentage of the surface covered by rock fragments: None

Natural fertility: Low

Reaction: In unlimed areas, extremely acid to strongly acid (pH 3.5 to 5.5)

Surface runoff: Low

Depth to bedrock: 10 to 20 inches

Bedrock type: Shale, siltstone, or fine grained sandstone; interbedded in many areas

Minor Components

Dissimilar inclusions:

• The somewhat poorly drained Clearbrook soils and the somewhat poorly drained

Cavode soils in depressions and on head slopes

Similar soils:

• Small areas of the moderately deep Calvin soils and the shallow Klinesville soils

that have a reddish brown subsoil

• Soils that are more than 40 inches deep over bedrock

• Soils that have slopes of less than 3 percent or more than 8 percent

Use and Management

Uses: Most areas of these Berks and Weikert soils have been cleared and are used

for hay and pasture. Some are wooded. A few areas are used for cultivated crops,

orchards, or community development.

Cropland

Suitability: Suited

Management concerns:

• The hazard of erosion is moderate in unprotected areas.

• Droughtiness during the growing season and the low natural fertility are

management concerns.

Management measures:

• Conservation tillage, contour farming, cover crops, a cropping sequence that

includes grasses and legumes, and crop residue management help to control

erosion and to maintain fertility and tilth.

• Because of the droughtiness, these soils are better suited to early maturing small

grain than to late maturing crops, such as corn.

• Leaving crop residue on the surface and adding other organic material help to

conserve soil moisture.

• Applying lime and fertilizer according to the results of soil tests helps to ensure

maximum production.

Pasture and Hayland

Suitability: Suited

Management concerns:

• Establishing and maintaining a mixture of grasses and legumes and preventing

overgrazing are major concerns in pastured areas.

• Overgrazing causes surface compaction, increases the runoff rate and the hazard

of erosion, and reduces the vigor of the plant cover.

• The droughtiness of these soils limits forage production during midsummer.

• Water for livestock is scarce in areas of this map unit, but potential sites where

ponds or springs can be developed are generally available along nearby

drainageways.

• Erosion is a severe hazard if the sod is removed by overgrazing.

Management measures:

• Proper stocking rates, a uniform distribution of grazing, and a planned grazing

system help to keep pastures in good condition.
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

51

• Establishing warm-season grasses in pastures helps to increase forage production

during midsummer.

• Applying lime and fertilizer according to the results of soil tests helps to ensure

maximum growth of forages, especially legumes.

Woodland

Potential productivity: Moderate or moderately high

Management concerns:

• Seedling mortality is a concern because of the droughtiness of the Weikert soil.

• Erosion is a hazard on logging roads and skid trails.

Management measures:

• Tree planting should be timed so that seedlings can take full advantage of spring

rains.

• Planting nursery stock that is larger than is typical or planting containerized

seedlings reduces the seedling mortality rate.

• Building logging roads and skid trails on the contour and seeding the roads, log

landings, and trails to perennial grasses and legumes reduce the hazard of

erosion.

Community Development

Management concerns:

• The hazard of erosion is moderate on construction sites.

• The depth to bedrock is a limitation on sites for septic tank absorption fields.

• The depth to bedrock is a limitation affecting excavation, building site development,

and road construction. In most areas, however, the bedrock is soft enough to be

excavated with conventional earthmoving equipment.

• Establishing and maintaining vegetation on roadbanks is difficult in areas of these

droughty soils, especially on south-facing slopes.

• The rock fragments in the surface layer and the droughtiness make the

establishment of lawns difficult.

Management measures:

• Maintaining the plant cover on construction sites, establishing a plant cover in

unprotected areas, and providing for the proper disposal of surface runoff help to

control erosion and sedimentation.

• Selecting the deepest areas of soils as sites for septic tank absorption fields,

installing the absorption field on the contour, and oversizing the absorption field

help to overcome the depth to bedrock.

• Drought-tolerant species, such as tall fescue and crownvetch, should be selected

for planting on roadbanks. Seeded areas should be mulched with straw.

Interpretive Groups

Land capability classification: 3e

Prime farmland: No

Hydric soils: No

BqF—Blackthorn very gravelly sandy loam, 35 to

55 percent slopes, rubbly

Setting

Landscape position: Very steep, linear to concave backslopes and colluvial benches;

on the western aspect of Warm Springs Ridge and the eastern aspect of

Tonoloway Ridge and Little Mountain

Note: This soil is underlain by limestone bedrock.
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

52

Composition

Blackthorn soil and similar soils: 80 percent

Dissimilar inclusions: 20 percent

Typical Profile

Surface layer:

0 to 1.5 inches—bouldery, slightly decomposed organic matter from hardwood leaf

litter

1.5 to 2 inches—bouldery, highly decomposed organic matter from hardwood leaf

litter

2 to 4 inches—very dark grayish brown very gravelly sandy loam

Subsurface layer:

4 to 7 inches—brown very gravelly sandy loam

Subsoil:

7 to 31 inches—yellowish brown very gravelly sandy loam

31 to 47 inches—yellowish brown very gravelly loam

47 to 65 inches—yellowish red silty clay

Soil Properties and Qualities

Drainage class: Well drained

Permeability: Moderate or moderately rapid (0.6 inch to 6.0 inches per hour) in the

upper part of the subsoil and moderately slow or moderate (0.2 inch to 2.0 inches

per hour) in the lower part

Available water capacity: Moderate

Seasonal high water table: None

Flooding: None

Shrink-swell potential: Low in the upper part of the subsoil and moderate in the lower

part

Hazard of water erosion: Very severe

Percentage of the surface covered by rock fragments: 15 to 50 percent covered with

stones and boulders

Natural fertility: Low or moderate

Reaction: In unlimed areas, very strongly acid to moderately acid (pH 4.5 to 6.0) in

the upper part of the subsoil and very strongly acid or strongly acid in the lower

part (pH 4.5 to 5.5)

Surface runoff: Medium

Depth to bedrock: More than 60 inches

Minor Components

Dissimilar inclusions:

• Small areas of the moderately deep Caneyville soils on convex nose slopes

• Small areas of the moderately deep Dekalb and Schaffenaker soils on convex

shoulder slopes

Similar soils:

• Murrill soils that have fewer rock fragments throughout the profile

• Soils with slopes of less than 35 percent or more than 55 percent

Use and Management

Uses: All areas of this Blackthorn soil are wooded.

Cropland

Suitability: Not suited
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

53

Management concerns:

• Because of the very steep slopes and the stones and boulders, this soil is not

suited to cultivated crops.

Pasture and Hayland

Suitability: Not suited

Management concerns:

• The very steep slopes and the stones and boulders make this soil unsuited to hay

and pasture.

Woodland

Potential productivity: Moderately high

Management concerns:

• The very steep slopes make the operation of logging equipment hazardous.

• Erosion is a severe hazard on logging roads and skid trails.

• The large stones and boulders on the surface can hinder harvesting operations and

damage equipment.

• The large stones and boulders on the surface can hinder the planting of tree

seedlings.

• Seedling mortality is a management concern on south aspects.

• Plant competition is moderate when openings are made in the canopy.

Management measures:

• Because of the slope, special care is needed in laying out logging roads and log

landings and in operating logging equipment. Logging roads should be designed so

that they conform to the topography.

• Erosion can be minimized by building roads and skid trails on the contour; seeding

roads, trails, and log landings to perennial grasses and legumes; and installing

water bars and culverts.

• Because of the stones and boulders on the soil surface, wheeled skidders with

high clearance should be operated at a reduced speed over carefully chosen

routes.

• Harvesting methods that do not remove all of the overstory help to control plant

competition.

Community Development

Management concerns:

• Because of the very steep slopes and the stones and boulders on the surface, this

soil is generally unsuited to building site development, septic tank absorption fields,

and local roads and streets.

Interpretive Groups

Land capability classification: 7s

Prime farmland: No

Hydric soil: No

BrB—Brinkerton silt loam, 3 to 8 percent slopes

Setting

Landscape position: Gently sloping, concave toeslopes

Note: Seepy spots and springs common in some areas

Composition

Brinkerton soil and similar soils: 85 percent

Dissimilar inclusions: 15 percent
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

54

Typical Profile

Surface layer:

0 to 2 inches—very dark grayish brown silt loam

Subsurface layer:

2 to 7 inches—grayish brown silt loam with yellowish brown redoximorphic

features

Subsoil:

7 to 21 inches—light brownish gray silty clay loam with strong brown and gray

redoximorphic features

21 to 31 inches—mixed light brownish gray and gray, very firm and brittle silty clay

loam with strong brown redoximorphic features

31 to 45 inches—mixed, gray and light brownish gray, very firm and brittle channery

silty clay loam

Underlying material:

45 to 60 inches—brown extremely channery loam with gray and grayish brown

redoximorphic features

Soil Properties and Qualities

Drainage class: Poorly drained

Permeability: Slow (0.06 to 0.2 inch per hour)

Available water capacity: Moderate

Depth to the seasonal high water table: Within 0.5 foot

Flooding: None

Shrink-swell potential: Moderate

Hazard of water erosion: Moderate

Percentage of the surface covered by rock fragments: None

Natural fertility: Low

Reaction: In unlimed areas, very strongly acid or strongly acid throughout (pH 4.5 to

5.5)

Surface runoff: Medium

Depth to bedrock: More than 60 inches

Minor Components

Dissimilar inclusions:

• The moderately well drained Buchanan soils

• The moderately well drained Ernest soils

• Small areas of the poorly drained Dunning soils along drainageways

Similar soils:

• The poorly drained Andover soils that are sandier throughout

• Somewhat poorly drained soils

• Soils with slopes of less than 3 percent or more than 8 percent

Use and Management

Uses: Most areas of this Brinkerton soil are wooded. A few areas have been cleared.

In these areas the soil is used as pasture or the acreage is idle land. Most of the

areas that have not been previously drained form wetlands. A Federal permit may

be required before these areas can be disturbed.

Cropland

Suitability: Poorly suited because of the seasonal high water table and the slow

permeability (Crops can be grown, however, if the soil has been adequately

drained.)
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

55

Management concerns:

• The seasonal wetness may delay tilling and planting in the spring.

• Tilling and harvesting when the soil is wet may cause compaction and deterioration

of tilth.

• Erosion is a moderate hazard in unprotected areas.

Management measures:

• Minimizing tillage and tilling and harvesting at the proper soil moisture content help

to prevent excessive compaction and maintain tilth.

• Conservation tillage, contour farming, winter cover crops, and crop residue

management help to control erosion and to maintain fertility and tilth.

Pasture and Hayland

Suitability: Suited (better suited to grasses than to legumes because of the seasonal

high water table)

Management concerns:

• Establishing and maintaining a healthy cover of sod and preventing overgrazing are

major concerns in pastured areas.

• Grazing during wet periods results in surface compaction, poor tilth, and damage to

the sod.

Management measures:

• Proper stocking rates, a planned grazing system, and deferred grazing during wet

periods help to keep pastures in good condition.

• Hay and pasture species that can withstand the seasonal wetness should be

selected for seeding.

• Applying lime and fertilizer according to the results of soil tests helps to ensure

maximum growth of forage plants.

Woodland

Potential productivity: High for water-tolerant species

Management concerns:

• Because of the wetness, equipment can only be used during the dry summer

months and in the winter when the soil is frozen.

• The seasonal high water table and the firm layer in the subsoil may restrict the

rooting depth of some trees, resulting in a high seedling mortality rate and

windthrow damage.

• Competition from undesirable plants may slow the growth of planted tree

seedlings.

Management measures:

• Tree species that can withstand wetness should be selected for planting.

• Windthrow can be minimized by harvest methods that do not leave the remaining

trees widely spaced.

• Adequate site preparation helps to control initial plant competition in tree

plantations, and spraying helps to control subsequent competition.

Community Development

Management concerns:

• The seasonal high water table is a severe limitation affecting building site

development.

• The seasonal high water table, low strength, and frost action are severe limitations

affecting local roads and streets. Because this soil is soft when wet, the pavement

is subject to cracking and buckling under heavy loads.

• The seasonal wetness limits excavation and trafficability and may delay

construction activities in winter and spring.

• The seasonal high water table and the slow permeability are severe limitations on

sites for septic tank absorption fields.

• Erosion is a moderate hazard on construction sites.
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

56

Management measures:

• A better suited soil should be considered as a site for septic tank absorption

fields.

• Maintaining the plant cover on construction sites, establishing a plant cover in

unprotected areas, and providing for the proper disposal of surface runoff help to

control erosion and sedimentation.

Interpretive Groups

Land capability classification: 4w

Prime farmland: No

Hydric soil: Yes

BuB—Buchanan gravelly loam, 3 to 8 percent slopes

Setting

Landscape position: Gently sloping, slightly concave mountain footslopes and

toeslopes

Note: Seeps and springs common in some areas

Composition

Buchanan soil and similar soils: 85 percent

Dissimilar inclusions: 15 percent

Typical Profile

Surface layer:

0 to 8 inches—brown gravelly loam

Subsoil:

8 to 16 inches—brownish yellow gravelly loam

16 to 24 inches—light yellowish brown gravelly loam with strong brown redoximorphic

features

24 to 33 inches—strong brown gravelly loam with pale brown, light brownish gray, and

yellowish red redoximorphic features

33 to 52 inches—strong brown, firm and brittle gravelly loam with light brownish gray,

dark red, and brownish yellow redoximorphic features

52 to 65 inches—reddish brown, very firm and brittle very gravelly loam with gray and

red redoximorphic features

Soil Properties and Qualities

Drainage class: Moderately well drained; seepy spots common during the wet

months in winter and spring

Permeability: Moderate (0.6 inch to 6.0 inches per hour) above the firm layer in the

subsoil and slow (0.06 to 0.2 inch per hour) in the firm layer

Available water capacity: Very low to moderate

Depth to the seasonal high water table: 1.5 to 3.0 feet

Flooding: None

Shrink-swell potential: Low

Hazard of water erosion: Moderate

Natural fertility: Low or moderate

Reaction: In unlimed areas, extremely acid to strongly acid (pH 3.5 to 5.5)

throughout

Surface runoff: High

Depth to bedrock: More than 60 inches
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

57

Minor Components

Dissimilar inclusions:

• The poorly drained Andover soils in depressions and along upland drainageways

• The somewhat poorly drained Cavode soils

• The moderately deep Calvin soils

Similar soils:

• Small areas of the moderately well drained Ernest soils

• The moderately well drained Sideling soils

• Soils that have a surface layer of sandy loam

• Soils with slopes of less than 3 percent or more than 8 percent

Use and Management

Uses: Most of the acreage of this Buchanan soil has been cleared. In these areas the

soil is used for pasture and hay or has been used for community development, or

the acreage is idle land. Some areas are used as woodland.

Cropland

Suitability: Suited (The seasonal high water table and the firm layer in the subsoil,

however, may restrict the rooting depth of some crops.)

Management concerns:

• Erosion is a moderate hazard in unprotected areas.

• Because of the restricted rooting depth, crops may be adversely affected by a

shortage of water as the soil dries out in summer.

• The wetness may delay spring planting.

Management measures:

• Conservation tillage, contour farming, winter cover crops, and crop residue

management help to control erosion and to maintain fertility and tilth.

• Leaving crop residue on the surface and adding other organic material help to

conserve soil moisture in summer.

Pasture and Hayland

Suitability: Suited (better suited to grasses than to legumes because of the seasonal

high water table)

Management concerns:

• Establishing and maintaining a healthy cover of sod and preventing overgrazing are

major concerns in pastured areas.

• Erosion is a moderate hazard if the plant cover is removed by overgrazing.

• Overgrazing causes surface compaction, increases the runoff rate and the hazard

of erosion, and reduces the vigor of the plant cover.

• The soil is soft when wet, and grazing early in spring can damage the sod.

Management measures:

• Proper stocking rates, a planned grazing system, and deferred grazing during wet

periods help to keep pastures in good condition.

• Restricted grazing during wet periods helps to prevent compaction and poor tilth.

• Applying lime and fertilizer according to the results of soil tests helps to ensure

maximum growth of forage plants.

Woodland

Potential productivity: Moderately high

Management concerns:

• Erosion is a hazard on logging roads and skid trails.

• Competition from weeds may slow the growth of planted tree seedlings.

• The use of vehicular equipment is restricted during wet periods because this soil is

soft when wet.
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

58

Management measures:

• Building logging roads and skid trails on the contour and seeding the roads and

trails after the trees are logged help to control erosion.

• Adequate site preparation helps to control initial plant competition in tree

plantations, and spraying helps to control subsequent competition.

Community Development

Management concerns:

• The seasonal high water table is the main limitation affecting building site

development, septic tank absorption fields, and local roads and streets.

• Because this soil is soft when wet, road pavement may crack under heavy loads.

• Water may seep from cutbanks during wet periods.

• The seasonal wetness limits excavation and trafficability and may delay

construction activities in the winter and spring.

• The hazard of erosion on contruction sites is moderate.

Management measures:

• The wetness can be reduced by installing a drainage system around structures with

basements or crawl spaces.

• Buildings can be constructed on well compacted fill material, which raises the site a

sufficient distance above the water table.

• Installing tile drainage lines upslope from the absorption fields helps to overcome

the wetness.

• Enlarging the absorption field, installing alternating absorption fields, installing

distribution lines on the contour, and backfilling lines with gravel help to

compensate for the restricted permeability in the lower part of the subsoil.

• Installing a drainage system and providing a suitable road base that includes the

installation of properly designed geotextiles help to prevent the road damage

caused by wetness and low strength.

• Maintaining the plant cover on construction sites, establishing a plant cover in

unprotected areas, and providing for the proper disposal of surface runoff help to

control erosion and sedimentation.

Interpretive Groups

Land capability classification: 2e

Prime farmland: Yes

Hydric soil: No

BuC—Buchanan gravelly loam, 8 to 15 percent slopes

Setting

Landscape position: Strongly sloping, slightly concave mountain footslopes and

toeslopes

Note: Seeps and springs common in some areas

Composition

Buchanan soil and similar soils: 85 percent

Dissimilar inclusions: 15 percent

Typical Profile

Surface layer:

0 to 8 inches—brown gravelly loam

Subsoil:

8 to 16 inches—brownish yellow gravelly loam
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

59

16 to 24 inches—light yellowish brown gravelly loam with strong brown redoximorphic

features

24 to 33 inches—strong brown gravelly loam with pale brown, light brownish gray, and

yellowish red redoximorphic features

33 to 52 inches—strong brown, firm and brittle gravelly loam with light brownish gray,

dark red, and brownish yellow redoximorphic features

52 to 65 inches—reddish brown, very firm and brittle very gravelly loam with gray and

red redoximorphic features

Soil Properties and Qualities

Drainage class: Moderately well drained; seepy spots common during the wet

months in winter and spring

Permeability: Moderate (0.6 inch to 6.0 inches per hour) above the firm layer in the

subsoil and slow (0.06 to 0.2 inch per hour) in the firm layer

Available water capacity: Very low to moderate

Depth to the seasonal high water table: 1.5 to 3.0 feet

Flooding: None

Shrink-swell potential: Low

Hazard of water erosion: Severe

Natural fertility: Low or moderate

Reaction: In unlimed areas, extremely acid to strongly acid (pH 3.5 to 5.5)

throughout

Surface runoff: High

Depth to bedrock: More than 60 inches

Minor Components

Dissimilar inclusions:

• Small areas of the moderately deep Calvin, Berks, or Litz soils on convex

slopes

• Small areas of the poorly drained Andover soils along upland drainageways

Similar soils:

• The moderately well drained Sideling soils on convex portions of the landscape

• Soils with slopes of less than 8 percent or more than 15 percent

• Small areas of the moderately well drained Ernest soils

Use and Management

Uses: Most of the acreage of this Buchanan soil has been cleared and is used for

pasture, hay, or community development or is idle land. Some areas are used as

woodland.

Cropland

Suitability: Suited

Management concerns:

• The seasonal high water table and the firm layer in the subsoil may restrict the

rooting depth of some crops.

• Erosion is a severe hazard in unprotected areas.

• Because of the restricted rooting depth, some crops may be adversely affected by a

shortage of water as the soil dries out in summer.

• The wetness may delay spring planting.

Management measures:

• Conservation tillage, contour farming, winter cover crops, and crop residue

management help to control erosion and to maintain fertility and tilth.

• Leaving crop residue on the surface and adding other organic material help to

conserve moisture in summer.
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

60

Pasture and Hayland

Suitability: Suited (better suited to grasses than to legumes because of the seasonal

high water table)

Management concerns:

• Erosion is a severe hazard if the plant cover is removed by overgrazing.

• Establishing and maintaining a healthy cover of sod and preventing overgrazing are

major concerns in pastured areas.

• Overgrazing causes surface compaction, increases the runoff rate and the hazard

of erosion, and reduces the vigor of the plant cover.

• This soil is soft when wet, and grazing early in spring can damage the sod.

Management measures:

• Proper stocking rates, a planned grazing system, and deferred grazing during wet

periods help to keep pastures in good condition.

• Restricted grazing during wet periods helps to prevent compaction and poor

tilth.

• Applying lime and fertilizer according to the results of soil tests helps to ensure

maximum growth of forage plants.

Woodland

Potential productivity: Moderately high

Management concerns:

• Erosion is a hazard on logging roads and skid trails.

• Competition from weeds may slow the growth of planted tree seedlings.

• The use of vehicular equipment is restricted during wet periods because the soil is

soft when wet.

Management measures:

• Building logging roads and skid trails on the contour and seeding the roads and

trails after the trees are logged help to control erosion.

• Adequate site preparation helps to control initial plant competition in tree

plantations, and spraying helps to control subsequent competition.

Community Development

Management concerns:

• The seasonal high water table is the main limitation affecting building site

development, septic tank absorption fields, and local roads and streets.

• The slope increases the amount of excavation required during the construction of

roads and buildings.

• Because this soil is soft when wet, road pavement may crack under heavy loads.

• Water may seep from cutbanks during wet periods.

• The seasonal wetness limits excavation and trafficability and may delay

construction activities in the winter and spring.

• The hazard of erosion on construction sites is severe.

Management measures:

• The wetness can be reduced by installing a drainage system around structures with

basements or crawl spaces.

• Buildings can be constructed on well compacted fill material, which raises the site a

sufficient distance above the water table.

• Installing tile drainage lines upslope from absorption fields helps to overcome the

wetness.

• Enlarging the absorption field, installing alternating absorption fields, installing

distribution lines on the contour, and backfilling lines with gravel help to

compensate for the restricted permeability in the lower part of the subsoil.

• Constructing roads on raised fill material and installing a drainage system help to

overcome the wetness.

• Roads and streets should be built on the contour.
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

61

• Maintaining the plant cover on construction sites, establishing a plant cover in

unprotected areas, and providing for the proper disposal of surface runoff help to

control erosion and sedimentation.

Interpretive Groups

Land capability classification: 3e

Prime farmland: No

Hydric soil: No

BxC—Buchanan loam, 3 to 15 percent slopes, extremely

stony

Setting

Landscape position: Gently sloping and strongly sloping, slightly concave mountain

footslopes and toeslopes

Note: Seeps and springs common in some areas

Composition

Buchanan soil and similar soils: 85 percent

Dissimilar inclusions: 15 percent

Typical Profile

Surface layer:

0 to 3 inches—slightly decomposed organic material from hardwood leaf litter

3 to 4 inches—moderately decomposed organic material from hardwood leaf litter

4 to 5 inches—very dark gray loam

Subsurface layer:

5 to 7 inches—light yellowish brown loam

Subsoil:

7 to 16 inches—brownish yellow gravelly loam

16 to 24 inches—light yellowish brown gravelly loam with strong brown redoximorphic

features

24 to 33 inches—strong brown gravelly loam with yellowish red, pale brown, and light

brownish gray redoximorphic features

33 to 52 inches—strong brown, firm and brittle gravelly loam with brownish yellow,

light brownish gray, and dark red redoximorphic features

52 to 65 inches—reddish brown, very firm and brittle very gravelly loam with gray and

red redoximorphic features

Soil Properties and Qualities

Drainage class: Moderately well drained

Permeability: Moderate (0.6 inch to 6.0 inches per hour) above the firm or very firm

layer in the subsoil and slow (0.06 to 0.2 inch per hour) in the firm or very firm

layer

Available water capacity: Low or moderate

Depth to the seasonal high water table: 1.5 to 3.0 feet

Flooding: None

Shrink-swell potential: Low

Hazard of water erosion: Moderate or severe

Percentage of the surface covered by rock fragments: 3 to 15 percent covered with

stones and boulders

Natural fertility: Low or moderate

Reaction: In unlimed areas, extremely acid to strongly acid (pH 3.5 to 5.5) throughout
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

62

Surface runoff: High

Depth to bedrock: More than 60 inches

Minor Components

Dissimilar soils:

• The poorly drained Andover soils in depressions

• Small areas of the poorly drained Cavode soils

• Small areas of soils that are along drainageways and are subject to flooding

• Very rubbly soils that have more than 50 percent of their surface covered with

stones and boulders

Similar soils:

• The moderately well drained Sideling soils on convex portions of the landscape

• Small areas of the moderately well drained Ernest soils

• Small areas of the moderately well drained Clarksburg soils

• Soils with slopes of less than 3 percent or more than 15 percent

Use and Management

Uses: Most areas of this Buchanan soil are used as woodland. A few small areas are

used as pasture.

Cropland

Suitability: Not suited

Management concerns:

• Because of the stones and boulders on the surface, this soil is not suited to

cultivated crops.

Pasture and Hayland

Suitability: Not suited to hay; difficult to manage for pasture (better suited to grasses

than to legumes because of the seasonal high water table)

Management concerns:

• Establishing and maintaining a healthy cover of sod and preventing overgrazing are

major concerns in pastured areas.

• Erosion is a moderate or severe hazard if the plant cover is removed by

overgrazing.

• Overgrazing causes surface compaction, increases the runoff rate and the hazard

of erosion, and reduces the vigor of the plant cover.

• Because this soil is soft when wet, grazing early in spring damages the sod.

• The slope and the stones and boulders on the soil surface make the operation of

conventional equipment used in clipping and applying fertilizer difficult.

Management measures:

• Proper stocking rates, a uniform distribution of grazing, and a planned grazing

system help to keep pastures in good condition.

• Restricted grazing during wet periods helps to prevent compaction and poor tilth.

• Applying lime and fertilizer according to the results of soil tests helps to ensure

maximum growth of forage plants.

Woodland

Potential productivity: Moderately high

Management concerns:

• The large stones on the soil surface can hinder harvesting operations and damage

equipment.

• The use of vehicular equipment is restricted during wet periods because this soil is

soft when wet.

• Plant competition is moderate when openings are made in the canopy.
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

63

• The stones and boulders on the soil surface may interfere with the planting of tree

seedlings.

• Erosion is a hazard on logging roads and skid trails.

Management measures:

• Erosion can be minimized by building roads and skid trails on the contour; seeding

logging roads, trails, and areas that have been cut and filled; and installing water

bars and culverts.

Community Development

Management concerns:

• The seasonal high water table is the main limitation affecting building site

development, septic tank absorption fields, and local roads and streets.

• This soil has slowly permeable layers in the subsoil. The restricted permeability is a

severe limitation on sites for septic tank absorption fields.

• The seasonal wetness limits excavation and trafficability and may delay

construction activities in the winter and spring.

• Water may seep from cutbanks during wet periods.

• The slope and frost action are limitations affecting local roads and streets.

• The wetness is a limitation on sites for local roads and streets. Because this soil is

soft when wet, the pavement cracks under heavy loads.

• The stones and boulders may interfere with construction and with the establishment

of lawns and landscaping.

• Erosion on construction sites is a moderate or severe hazard in unprotected

areas.

Management measures:

• The wetness can be reduced by installing a drainage system around structures with

basements or crawl spaces.

• Buildings should be designed so that they conform to the natural slope of the land.

Land shaping is necessary in some areas.

• Installing drainage tile upslope from the absorption field helps to overcome the

wetness.

• Enlarging the absorption field, installing alternating absorption fields, and installing

distribution lines on the contour or as shallow as possible help to compensate for

the restricted permeability in the lower part of the subsoil.

• Roads and streets should be built on the contour.

• Installing a drainage system and providing a suitable road base that includes the

installation of properly designed geotextiles help to prevent the road damage

caused by wetness and frost action.

• Maintaining the plant cover on construction sites, establishing a plant cover in

unprotected areas, and providing for the proper disposal of surface runoff help to

control erosion and sedimentation.

Interpretive Groups

Land capability classification: 7s

Prime farmland: No

Hydric soil: No

BxE—Buchanan loam, 15 to 35 percent slopes, extremely

stony

Setting

Landscape position: Moderately steep and steep, slightly concave mountain benches,

footslopes, and toeslopes

Note: Seeps and springs common in some areas
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

64

Composition

Buchanan soil and similar soils: 85 percent

Dissimilar inclusions: 15 percent

Typical Profile

Surface layer:

0 to 1 inch—slightly decomposed organic matter from hardwood leaf litter

1 to 2 inches—very dark gray loam

Subsurface layer:

2 to 4 inches—light yellowish brown loam

Subsoil:

4 to 13 inches—brownish yellow gravelly loam

13 to 21 inches—light yellowish brown gravelly loam mottled with strong brown

21 to 30 inches—strong brown gravelly loam with yellowish red, pale brown and light

brownish gray redoximorphic features

30 to 49 inches—strong brown, firm and brittle gravelly loam with brownish yellow,

light brownish gray, and dark red redoximorphic features

49 to 65 inches—reddish brown, very firm and brittle very gravelly loam with gray and

red redoximorphic features

Soil Properties and Qualities

Drainage class: Moderately well drained

Permeability: Moderate (0.6 inch to 6.0 inches per hour) above the firm or very firm

layer in the subsoil and slow (0.06 to 0.2 inch per hour) in the firm or very firm

layer

Available water capacity: Low or moderate

Depth to the seasonal high water table: 1.5 to 3.0 feet

Flooding: None

Shrink-swell potential: Low

Hazard of water erosion: Severe or very severe

Percentage of the surface covered by rock fragments: 3 to 15 percent covered with

stones and boulders

Natural fertility: Low or moderate

Reaction: In unlimed areas, extremely acid to strongly acid (pH 3.5 to 5.5)

throughout

Surface runoff: High

Depth to bedrock: More than 60 inches

Minor Components

Dissimilar inclusions:

• Small areas of the moderately deep Berks, Dekalb, or Calvin soils on convex

portions of the landscape

• Very rubbly soils that have more than 50 percent of their surface covered with

stones and boulders

• Small areas of the well drained Hazleton soils

Similar soils:

• The moderately well drained Sideling soils on linear portions of the landscape

• Soils with slopes of less than 15 percent or more than 35 percent

Use and Management

Uses: Most areas of this Buchanan soil are used as woodland. A few small areas are

used as pasture.
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

65

Cropland

Suitability: Not suited

Management concerns:

• Because of the slope and the stones and boulders on the surface, this soil is not

suited to cultivated crops.

Pasture and Hayland

Suitability: Not suited to hay and difficult to manage for pasture (better suited to

grasses than to legumes because of the seasonal high water table)

Management concerns:

• Establishing and maintaining a healthy cover of sod and preventing overgrazing are

major concerns in pastured areas.

• Overgrazing causes surface compaction, increases the runoff rate and the hazard

of erosion, and reduces the vigor of the plant cover.

• Erosion is a severe or very severe hazard if the plant cover is removed by

overgrazing.

• Because this soil is soft when wet, grazing early in spring damages the sod.

• The slope and the stones and boulders on the soil surface make the operation of

conventional equipment used in clipping and applying fertilizer difficult.

Management measures:

• Proper stocking rates, a uniform distribution of grazing, and a planned grazing

system help to keep pastures in good condition.

• Restricted grazing during wet periods helps to prevent compaction and poor

tilth.

• Applying lime and fertilizer according to the results of soil tests helps to ensure the

maximum growth of forage plants.

Woodland

Potential productivity: Moderately high

Management concerns:

• Erosion on logging roads and skid trails is a management concern.

• Large stones on the soil surface can hinder harvesting operations and damage

equipment.

• The use of vehicular equipment is restricted during wet periods because this soil is

soft when wet.

• Seedling mortality is a concern on south-facing slopes.

• Plant competition is moderate when openings are made in the canopy.

• Stones and boulders on the soil surface may interfere with the planting of tree

seedlings.

Management measures:

• Erosion can be minimized by building roads and skid trails on the contour; seeding

roads, trails, and areas that have been cut and filled; and installing water bars and

culverts.

Community Development

Management concerns:

• The slope and the seasonal high water table are the main limitations affecting

building site development, septic tank absorption fields, and local roads and streets.

• This soil has slowly permeable layers in the subsoil. The restricted permeability is a

severe limitation on sites for septic tank absorption fields.

• The seasonal wetness limits excavation and trafficability and may delay

construction activities in the winter and spring.

• Water may seep from cutbanks during wet periods.

• Frost action is a limitation affecting local roads and streets.

• The wetness is a limitation affecting local roads and streets. Because this soil is soft

when wet, the pavement cracks under heavy loads.
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

66

• The stones and boulders may interfere with construction and with the establishment

of lawns and landscaping.

• Erosion is a severe hazard on construction sites in unprotected areas.

Management measures:

• The wetness can be reduced by installing a drainage system around structures with

basements or crawl spaces.

• Buildings should be designed so that they conform to the natural slope of the land.

Extensive land shaping is necessary in most areas.

• Installing drainage tile upslope from the absorption field helps to overcome the

wetness.

• Enlarging the absorption field, installing alternating absorption fields, installing

distribution lines on the contour, and backfilling lines with gravel help to

compensate for the restricted permeability in the lower part of the subsoil.

• Roads and streets should be built on the contour.

• Constructing roads and streets on raised fill material, installing a drainage system,

and installing a filter fabric help to prevent the damage caused by frost action and

wetness.

• Maintaining the plant cover on construction sites, establishing a plant cover in

unprotected areas, and providing for the proper disposal of surface runoff help to

control erosion and sedimentation.

Interpretive Groups

Land capability classification: 7s

Prime farmland: No

Hydric soil: No

CbB—Calvin-Berks channery loams, 3 to 8 percent

slopes

Setting

Landscape position: Gently sloping, convex uplands; mainly in the Sleepy Creek

drainage area

Composition

Calvin soil and similar soils: 55 percent

Berks soil and similar soils: 35 percent

Dissimilar inclusions: 10 percent

Typical Profile

Calvin

Surface layer:

0 to 3 inches—dark reddish brown channery loam

Subsoil:

3 to 5 inches—reddish brown channery loam

5 to 18 inches—reddish brown very channery loam

Underlying material:

18 to 26 inches—reddish brown extremely channery loam

Bedrock:

26+ inches—dark reddish brown, moderately weathered, fractured and tilted, fine

grained sandstone
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

67

Berks

Surface layer:

0 to 5 inches—brown channery loam

Subsoil:

5 to 10 inches—brown channery loam

10 to 19 inches—yellowish brown and strong brown very channery loam

Underlying material:

19 to 23 inches—strong brown and yellowish brown extremely channery

loam

Bedrock:

23 inches—yellowish brown, fractured shale

Soil Properties and Qualities

Calvin

Drainage class: Well drained

Permeability: Moderately rapid (2.0 to 6.0 inches per hour)

Available water capacity: Low or moderate

Seasonal high water table: None

Flooding: None

Shrink-swell potential: Low

Hazard of water erosion: Moderate

Percentage of the surface covered by rock fragments: None

Natural fertility: Low

Reaction: In unlimed areas, very strongly acid or strongly acid (pH 4.5 to 5.5)

throughout

Surface runoff: Low

Depth to bedrock: 20 to 40 inches

Bedrock type: Reddish shale, fine grained sandstone or siltstone; interbedded in

some areas

Berks

Drainage class: Well drained

Permeability: Moderate or moderately rapid (0.6 inch to 6.0 inches per hour)

Available water capacity: Very low or low

Seasonal high water table: None

Flooding: None

Shrink-swell potential: Low

Hazard of water erosion: Moderate

Percentage of the surface covered by rock fragments: None

Natural fertility: Low

Reaction: In unlimed areas, extremely acid to strongly acid (pH 3.6 to 5.5)

Surface runoff: Medium

Depth to bedrock: 20 to 40 inches

Bedrock type: Shale, siltstone, or fine grained sandstone; interbedded in many areas

Minor Components

Dissimilar inclusions:

• The somewhat poorly drained Clearbrook soils on concave head slopes

Similar soils:

• The shallow Weikert soils

• The shallow Klinesville soils
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

68

• Lehew soils that have sandier textures than the Berks and Calvin soils

• Soils that are more than 40 inches deep over bedrock

• Soils with slopes of less than 3 percent or more than 8 percent

Use and Management

Uses: Most areas of these Calvin and Berks soils have been cleared and are used

for hay and pasture or as cropland. Some have been used for building site

development.

Cropland

Suitability: Suited

Management concerns:

• The hazard of erosion is moderate in unprotected areas.

• These soils are droughty during the growing season and have low natural fertility.

Management measures:

• Conservation tillage, contour farming, contour stripcropping, cover crops, and crop

residue management help to control erosion and to maintain fertility and tilth.

• Leaving crop residue on the surface and adding other organic material help to

conserve soil moisture.

• Because of the droughtiness, these soils are better suited to early maturing small

grain than to late maturing crops, such as corn.

• Applying lime and fertilizer according to the results of soil tests helps to ensure

maximum production.

Pasture and Hayland

Suitability: Suited

Management concerns:

• Establishing and maintaining a mixture of grasses and legumes and preventing

overgrazing are major concerns in pastured areas.

• Overgrazing causes surface compaction, increases the runoff rate and the hazard

of erosion, and reduces the vigor of the plant cover.

• The droughtiness of these soils limits forage production during midsummer.

• Erosion is a moderate hazard if the sod is removed by overgrazing.

Management measures:

• Proper stocking rates, a uniform distribution of grazing, and a planned grazing

system help to keep pastures in good condition.

• Establishing warm-season grasses in pastures helps to increase forage production

during midsummer.

• Applying lime and fertilizer according to the results of soil tests helps to ensure the

maximum growth of forage, especially legumes.

Woodland

Potential productivity: Moderate

Management concerns:

• Erosion is a hazard on logging roads and skid trails.

Management measures:

• Seeding logging roads, skid trails, and log landings after the trees are logged helps

to control erosion.

Community Development

Management concerns:

• The bedrock may interfere during excavation for roads and foundations. In most

areas, however, the bedrock is soft enough to excavate with conventional

earthmoving equipment.

• The bedrock may interfere with the proper functioning of septic tank absorption

fields.
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

69

• The rock fragments in the surface layer may interfere with the establishment of

lawns and landscaping.

• The hazard of erosion is moderate on construction sites.

Management measures:

• Selecting the deepest areas of these soils as sites for septic tank absorption fields,

installing the absorption fields on the contour, and oversizing the absorption fields

help to overcome the depth to bedrock.

• Maintaining the plant cover on construction sites, establishing a plant cover in

unprotected areas, and providing for the proper disposal of surface runoff help to

control erosion and sedimentation.

Interpretive Groups

Land capability classification: 2e

Prime farmland: No

Hydric soil: No

CbC—Calvin-Berks channery loams, 8 to 15 percent

slopes

Setting

Landscape position: Strongly sloping, convex uplands; mainly in the Sleepy Creek

drainage area

Composition

Calvin soil and similar soils: 50 percent

Berks soil and similar soils: 35 percent

Dissimilar inclusions: 15 percent

Typical Profile

Calvin

Surface layer:

0 to 3 inches—dark reddish brown channery loam

Subsoil:

3 to 5 inches—reddish brown channery loam

5 to 18 inches—reddish brown very channery loam

Underlying material:

18 to 26 inches—reddish brown extremely channery loam

Bedrock:

26+ inches—dark reddish brown, moderately weathered, fractured and tilted, fine

grained sandstone

Berks

Surface layer:

0 to 5 inches—brown channery loam

Subsoil:

5 to 10 inches—brown channery loam

10 to 19 inches—yellowish brown and strong brown very channery loam

Underlying material:

19 to 23 inches—strong brown and yellowish brown extremely channery loam

Bedrock:

23 inches—yellowish brown, fractured shale
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

70

Soil Properties and Qualities

Calvin

Drainage class: Well drained

Permeability: Moderately rapid (2.0 to 6.0 inches per hour)

Available water capacity: Low or moderate

Seasonal high water table: None

Flooding: None

Shrink-swell potential: Low

Hazard of water erosion: Severe

Percentage of the surface covered by rock fragments: None

Natural fertility: Low

Reaction: In unlimed areas, very strongly acid or strongly acid (pH 4.5 to 5.5)

throughout

Surface runoff: Low

Depth to bedrock: 20 to 40 inches

Bedrock type: Reddish shale or fine grained sandstone or siltstone; interbedded in

some areas

Berks

Drainage class: Well drained

Permeability: Moderate or moderately rapid (0.6 inch to 6.0 inches per hour)

Available water capacity: Very low or low

Seasonal high water table: None

Flooding: None

Shrink-swell potential: Low

Hazard of water erosion: Severe

Percentage of the surface covered by rock fragments: None

Natural fertility: Low

Reaction: In unlimed areas, extremely acid to strongly acid (pH 3.6 to 5.5)

Surface runoff: Medium

Depth to bedrock: 20 to 40 inches

Bedrock type: Shale, siltstone, or fine grained sandstone; interbedded in many areas

Minor Components

Dissimilar inclusions:

• The somewhat poorly drained Clearbrook soils on concave head slopes

• Small areas of the moderately well drained Buchanan and Hustontown soils on

footslopes

Similar soils:

• The shallow Weikert soils

• The shallow Klinesville soils

• Lehew soils that have sandier textures

• Soils that are more than 40 inches deep over bedrock

• Soils with slopes of less than 8 percent or more than 15 percent

Use and Management

Uses: Most areas of these Calvin and Berks soils have been cleared and are used

for hay, pasture, crops, or orchards (fig. 6). Some areas have been used for

building site development. Other areas are wooded.

Cropland

Suitability: Suited

Management concerns:

• The hazard of erosion is severe in unprotected areas.
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

71

• These soils are droughty during the growing season and have low natural fertility.

Management measures:

• Conservation tillage, contour farming, contour stripcropping, cover crops, and

crop residue management help to control erosion and to maintain fertility and

tilth.

• Leaving crop residue on the surface and adding other organic material help to

conserve soil moisture.

• Because of the droughtiness, these soils are better suited to early maturing small

grain than to late maturing crops, such as corn.

• Applying lime and fertilizer according to the results of soil tests helps to ensure

maximum production.

Pasture and Hayland

Suitability: Suited

Management concerns:

• Establishing and maintaining a mixture of grasses and legumes and preventing

overgrazing are major concerns in pastured areas.

• Overgrazing causes surface compaction, increases the runoff rate and the hazard

of erosion, and reduces the vigor of the plant cover.

• The droughtiness of these soils limits forage production during midsummer.

• Erosion is a severe hazard if the sod is removed by overgrazing.

Management measures:

• Proper stocking rates, a uniform distribution of grazing, and a planned grazing

system help to keep pastures in good condition.

• Establishing warm-season grasses in pastures helps to increase forage production

during midsummer.

• Applying lime and fertilizer according to the results of soil tests helps to ensure the

maximum growth of forage, especially legumes.

Figure 6.—A typical area of Calvin-Berks channery loams, 8 to 15 percent slopes, used for

cultivated crops and hay.
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

72

Woodland

Potential productivity: Moderate

Management concerns:

• Erosion is a hazard on logging roads and skid trails.

Management measures:

• Building logging roads and skid trails on the contour and seeding the roads and

trails after the trees are logged help to control erosion.

Community Development

Management concerns:

• The bedrock may interfere during excavation for roads and foundations. In most

areas, however, the bedrock is soft enough to excavate with conventional

earthmoving equipment.

• The bedrock may interfere with the proper functioning of septic tank absorption

fields.

• The rock fragments in the surface layer may interfere with the establishment of

lawns and landscaping.

• The hazard of erosion is severe on construction sites.

Management measures:

• Selecting the deepest areas of these soils as sites for septic tank absorption fields,

installing the absorption fields on the contour, and oversizing the absorption fields

help to overcome the depth to bedrock.

• Maintaining the plant cover on construction sites, establishing a plant cover in

unprotected areas, and providing for the proper disposal of surface runoff help to

control erosion and sedimentation.

Interpretive Groups

Land capability classification: 3e

Prime farmland: No

Hydric soil: No

CkB—Calvin-Klinesville channery loams, 3 to 8 percent

slopes

Setting

Landscape position: Gently sloping, slightly convex hilltops and ridges

Composition

Calvin soil and similar soils: 65 percent

Klinesville soil and similar soils: 30 percent

Dissimilar inclusions: 5 percent

Typical Profile

Calvin

Surface layer:

0 to 3 inches—dark reddish brown channery loam

Subsoil:

3 to 5 inches—reddish brown channery loam

5 to 18 inches—reddish brown very channery loam

Underlying material:

18 to 26 inches—reddish brown extremely channery loam
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

73

Bedrock:

26+ inches—dark reddish brown, moderately weathered, fractured and tilted, fine

grained sandstone

Klinesville

Surface layer:

0 to 2 inches—dark reddish brown channery loam

Subsurface layer:

2 to 5 inches—reddish brown very channery loam

Subsoil:

5 to 14 inches—reddish brown very channery loam

Underlying material:

14 to 18 inches—dark reddish brown very channery loam

Bedrock:

18+ inches—dusky red, moderately weathered, fine grained sandstone

Soil Properties and Qualities

Calvin

Drainage class: Well drained

Permeability: Moderately rapid (2.0 to 6.0 inches per hour)

Available water capacity: Low or moderate

Seasonal high water table: None

Flooding: None

Shrink-swell potential: Low

Hazard of water erosion: Moderate

Percentage of the surface covered by rock fragments: None

Natural fertility: Low

Reaction: In unlimed areas, very strongly acid or strongly acid (pH 4.5 to 5.5)

throughout

Surface runoff: Low

Depth to bedrock: 20 to 40 inches

Bedrock type: Reddish shale or fine grained sandstone or siltstone; interbedded in

some areas

Klinesville

Drainage class: Somewhat excessively drained

Permeability: Moderately rapid (2.0 to 6.0 inches per hour)

Available water capacity: Very low

Seasonal high water table: None

Flooding: None

Shrink-swell potential: Low

Hazard of water erosion: Moderate

Percentage of the surface covered by rock fragments: None

Natural fertility: Low

Reaction: In unlimed areas, very strongly acid or strongly acid (pH 4.5 to 5.5)

throughout

Surface runoff: Low

Depth to bedrock: 10 to 20 inches

Bedrock type: Reddish shale or fine grained sandstone or siltstone; interbedded in

some areas
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

74

Minor Components

Dissimilar inclusions:

• The deep, moderately well drained Hustontown soils on head slopes

• The somewhat poorly drained Clearbrook soils

• The very shallow Rough soils

Similar soils:

• The moderately deep Berks soils and the shallow Weikert soils, which have a

yellowish brown subsoil

• Dekalb and Lehew soils, which have sandier textures throughout

• Soils with slopes of less than 3 percent or more than 8 percent

Use and Management

Uses: Many areas of these Calvin and Klinesville soils have been cleared and are

used for hay and pasture, orchards, or crops. Some areas are used for

community development, and other areas are wooded.

Cropland

Suitability: Suited

Management concerns:

• The hazard of erosion is moderate in unprotected areas.

• These soils are droughty during the growing season and have low natural fertility.

Management measures:

• Crop residue management, green manure crops, applications of manure, cover

crops, and conservation tillage help to maintain or improve tilth and increase

available water capacity and organic matter content.

• Leaving crop residue on the surface and adding other organic material help to

conserve soil moisture.

• Because of the droughtiness, these soils are better suited to early maturing small

grain than to late maturing crops, such as corn.

• Applying lime and fertilizer according to the results of soil tests helps to ensure

maximum production.

Pasture and Hayland

Suitability: Suited

Management concerns:

• Establishing and maintaining a mixture of grasses and legumes and preventing

overgrazing are major concerns in pastured areas.

• Overgrazing causes surface compaction, increases the runoff rate and the hazard

of erosion, and reduces the vigor of the plant cover.

• The droughtiness of these soils limits forage production during midsummer.

• Erosion is a moderate hazard if the sod is removed by overgrazing.

Management measures:

• Proper stocking rates, a uniform distribution of grazing, and a planned grazing

system help to keep pastures in good condition.

• Establishing warm-season grasses in pastures helps to increase forage production

during midsummer.

• Applying lime and fertilizer according to the results of soil tests helps to ensure the

maximum growth of forage, especially legumes.

Woodland

Potential productivity: Moderately high or moderate

Management concerns:

• Seedling mortality is a concern in areas of the Klinesville soil because of the

droughtiness.

• Erosion is a hazard on logging roads and skid trails.
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

75

Management measures:

• Tree planting should be timed so that seedlings can take full advantage of spring

rains.

• Planting nursery stock that is larger than is typical or planting containerized

seedlings reduces the seedling mortality rate.

• Building logging roads and skid trails on the contour and seeding the roads and

trails after the trees are logged help to control erosion.

Community Development

Management concerns:

• The hazard of erosion is moderate on construction sites.

• The depth to bedrock is a limitation on sites for septic tank absorption fields.

• The depth to bedrock is a moderate limitation affecting excavation, building site

development, and road construction. In most areas, however, the bedrock is soft

enough to excavate with conventional earthmoving equipment.

• The rock fragments in the surface layer may interfere with the establishment of

lawns and landscaping.

• Establishing and maintaining vegetation on roadbanks is difficult in areas of these

droughty soils, especially on south aspects.

Management measures:

• Maintaining the plant cover on construction sites, establishing a plant cover in

unprotected areas, and providing for the proper disposal of surface runoff help to

control erosion and sedimentation.

• Selecting the deepest areas of these soils as sites for septic tank absorption fields,

installing the absorption fields on the contour, and oversizing the absorption fields

help to overcome the depth to bedrock.

• Drought-tolerant species, such as tall fescue and crownvetch, should be selected

for planting on roadbanks.

Interpretive Groups

Land capability classification: 3e

Prime farmland: No

Hydric soil: No

CkC—Calvin-Klinesville channery loams, 8 to 15 percent

slopes

Setting

Landscape position: Strongly sloping, convex hilltops, ridges, and shoulder

slopes

Composition

Calvin soil and similar soils: 65 percent

Klinesville soil and similar soils: 30 percent

Dissimilar inclusions: 5 percent

Typical Profile

Calvin

Surface layer:

0 to 3 inches—dark reddish brown channery loam

Subsoil:

3 to 5 inches—reddish brown channery loam

5 to 18 inches—reddish brown very channery loam
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

76

Underlying material:

18 to 26 inches—reddish brown extremely channery loam

Bedrock:

26+ inches—dark reddish brown, moderately weathered, fractured and tilted, fine

grained sandstone

Klinesville

Surface layer:

0 to 2 inches—dark reddish brown channery loam

Subsurface layer:

2 to 5 inches—reddish brown very channery loam

Subsoil:

5 to 14 inches—reddish brown very channery loam

Underlying material:

14 to 18 inches—dark reddish brown very channery loam

Bedrock:

18+ inches—dusky red, moderately weathered, fine grained sandstone

Soil Properties and Qualities

Calvin

Drainage class: Well drained

Permeability: Moderately rapid (2.0 to 6.0 inches per hour)

Available water capacity: Low or moderate

Seasonal high water table: None

Flooding: None

Shrink-swell potential: Low

Hazard of water erosion: Severe

Percentage of the surface covered by rock fragments: None

Natural fertility: Low

Reaction: In unlimed areas, very strongly acid or strongly acid (pH 4.5 to 5.5)

throughout

Surface runoff: Low

Depth to bedrock: 20 to 40 inches

Bedrock type: Reddish shale, fine grained sandstone or siltstone; interbedded in

some areas

Klinesville

Drainage class: Somewhat excessively drained

Permeability: Moderately rapid (2.0 to 6.0 inches per hour)

Available water capacity: Very low

Seasonal high water table: None

Flooding: None

Shrink-swell potential: Low

Hazard of water erosion: Severe

Percentage of the surface covered by rock fragments: None

Natural fertility: Low

Reaction: In unlimed areas, very strongly acid or strongly acid (pH 4.5 to 5.5)

throughout

Surface runoff: Low

Depth to bedrock: 10 to 20 inches

Bedrock type: Reddish shale, fine grained sandstone or siltstone; interbedded in

some areas
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

77

Minor Components

Dissimilar inclusions:

• The deep, moderately well drained Hustontown soils on concave head slopes

• The somewhat poorly drained Clearbrook soils

• The very shallow Rough soils

Similar soils:

• The moderately deep Berks soils and the shallow Weikert soils, which have a

yellowish brown subsoil

• Dekalb and Lehew soils, which have sandier textures throughout

• Soils with slopes of less than 8 percent or more than 15 percent

Use and Management

Uses: Many areas of these Calvin and Klinesville soils have been cleared and are

used for hay and pasture, orchards, or crops. Some have been used for urban

development. Many are wooded.

Cropland

Suitability: Poorly suited (better suited to hay and pasture or to orchards)

Management concerns:

• The hazard of erosion is severe in unprotected areas.

• These soils are droughty during the growing season and have low natural fertility.

Management measures:

• Conservation tillage, contour farming, contour stripcropping, cover crops, and crop

residue management help to control erosion and to maintain fertility and tilth.

• Leaving crop residue on the surface and adding other organic material help to

conserve soil moisture.

• Because of the droughtiness, these soils are better suited to early maturing small

grain than to late maturing crops, such as corn.

• Applying lime and fertilizer according to the results of soil tests helps to ensure

maximum production.

Pasture and Hayland

Suitability: Suited

Management concerns:

• Establishing and maintaining a mixture of grasses and legumes and preventing

overgrazing are major concerns in pastured areas.

• Overgrazing causes surface compaction, increases the runoff rate and the hazard

of erosion, and reduces the vigor of the plant cover.

• The droughtiness of these soils limits forage production during midsummer.

• Erosion is a severe hazard if the sod is removed by overgrazing.

Management measures:

• Proper stocking rates, a uniform distribution of grazing, and a planned grazing

system help to keep pastures in good condition.

• Establishing warm-season grasses in pastures helps to increase forage production

during midsummer.

• Applying lime and fertilizer according to the results of soil tests helps to ensure the

maximum growth of forage, especially legumes.

Woodland

Potential productivity: Moderately high or moderate

Management concerns:

• Seedling mortality is a concern in areas of the Klinesville soil because of the

droughtiness.

• Erosion is a hazard on logging roads and skid trails.
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

78

Management measures:

• Tree planting should be timed so that seedlings can take full advantage of spring

rains.

• Planting nursery stock that is larger than is typical or planting containerized

seedlings reduces the seedling mortality rate.

• Building logging roads and skid trails on the contour and seeding the roads and

trails after the trees are logged help to control erosion.

Community Development

Management concerns:

• The hazard of erosion is severe on construction sites.

• The depth to bedrock is a limitation on sites for septic tank absorption fields.

• The depth to bedrock is a moderate limitation affecting excavation, building site

development, and road construction. In most areas, however, the bedrock is soft

enough to excavate with conventional earthmoving equipment.

• The slope is a limitation affecting building site development and local roads and

streets.

• The rock fragments in the surface layer may interfere with the establishment of

lawns and landscaping.

• Establishing and maintaining vegetation on roadbanks is difficult in areas of these

droughty soils, especially on south aspects.

Management measures:

• Maintaining the plant cover on construction sites, establishing a plant cover in

unprotected areas, and providing for the proper disposal of surface runoff help to

control erosion and sedimentation.

• Selecting the deepest areas of these soils as sites for septic tank absorption fields,

installing the absorption fields on the contour, and oversizing the absorption fields

help to overcome the depth to bedrock.

• Buildings should be designed so that they conform to the natural slope of the land.

Land shaping is necessary in some areas.

• Building roads and streets on the contour helps to overcome the slope.

• Drought-tolerant species, such as tall fescue and crownvetch, should be selected

for planting on roadbanks.

Interpretive Groups

Land capability classification: 4e

Prime farmland: No

Hydric soil: No

CkD—Calvin-Klinesville channery loams, 15 to 25 percent

slopes

Setting

Landscape position: Moderately steep, convex shoulder slopes and hillsides

Composition

Calvin soil and similar soils: 65 percent

Klinesville soil and similar soils: 30 percent

Dissimilar inclusions: 5 percent

Typical Profile

Calvin

Surface layer:

0 to 3 inches—dark reddish brown channery loam
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

79

Subsoil:

3 to 5 inches—reddish brown channery loam

5 to 18 inches—reddish brown very channery loam

Underlying material:

18 to 26 inches—reddish brown extremely channery loam

Bedrock:

26+ inches—dark reddish brown, moderately weathered, fractured and tilted, fine

grained sandstone

Klinesville

Surface layer:

0 to 2 inches—dark reddish brown channery loam

Subsurface layer:

2 to 5 inches—reddish brown very channery loam

Subsoil:

5 to 14 inches—reddish brown very channery loam

Underlying material:

14 to 18 inches—dark reddish brown very channery loam

Bedrock:

18+ inches—dusky red, moderately weathered, fine grained sandstone

Soil Properties and Qualities

Calvin

Drainage class: Well drained

Permeability: Moderately rapid (2.0 to 6.0 inches per hour)

Available water capacity: Low or moderate

Seasonal high water table: None

Flooding: None

Shrink-swell potential: Low

Hazard of water erosion: Severe

Percentage of the surface covered by rock fragments: None

Natural fertility: Low

Reaction: In unlimed areas, very strongly acid or strongly acid (pH 4.5 to 5.5)

throughout

Surface runoff: Low

Depth to bedrock: 20 to 40 inches

Bedrock type: Reddish shale or fine grained sandstone or siltstone; interbedded in

some areas

Klinesville

Drainage class: Somewhat excessively drained

Permeability: Moderately rapid (2.0 to 6.0 inches per hour)

Available water capacity: Very low

Seasonal high water table: None

Flooding: None

Shrink-swell potential: Low

Hazard of water erosion: Severe

Percentage of the surface covered by rock fragments: None

Natural fertility: Low

Reaction: In unlimed areas, very strongly acid or strongly acid (pH 4.5 to 5.5)

throughout

Surface runoff: Low
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

80

Depth to bedrock: 10 to 20 inches

Bedrock type: Reddish shale or fine grained sandstone or siltstone; interbedded in

some areas

Minor Components

Dissimilar inclusions:

• The deep, moderately well drained Hustontown soils on concave head slopes

• The very shallow Rough soils

Similar soils:

• The moderately deep Berks soils and the shallow Weikert soils, which have a

yellowish brown subsoil

• Dekalb and Lehew soils, which have sandier textures throughout

• Soils with slopes of less than 15 percent or more than 25 percent

Use and Management

Uses: Some areas of these Calvin and Klinesville soils have been cleared and are

used for hay and pasture or for orchards. A few areas have been used for

community development. Most areas are wooded.

Cropland

Suitability: Not suited

Management concerns:

• These soils are not suited to cultivated crops because of the moderately steep

slopes, the severe hazard of erosion, the droughtiness, and the low fertility level.

Pasture and Hayland

Suitability: Not suited to hay; suited to pasture

Management concerns:

• Establishing and maintaining a mixture of grasses and legumes and preventing

overgrazing are major concerns in pastured areas.

• Overgrazing causes surface compaction, increases the runoff rate and the hazard

of erosion, and reduces the vigor of the plant cover.

• The droughtiness of these soils limits forage production during midsummer.

• Erosion is a severe hazard if the sod is removed by overgrazing.

Management measures:

• Proper stocking rates, a uniform distribution of grazing, and a planned grazing

system help to keep pastures in good condition.

• Establishing warm-season grasses in pastures helps to increase forage production

during midsummer.

• Applying lime and fertilizer according to the results of soil tests helps to ensure the

maximum growth of forage, especially legumes.

Woodland

Potential productivity: Moderate on south aspects; moderate or moderately high on

north aspects

Management concerns:

• Seedling mortality is a concern because of the droughtiness of these soils,

especially on south-facing slopes.

• Erosion is a hazard on logging roads and skid trails.

Management measures:

• Tree planting should be timed so that seedlings can take full advantage of spring

rains.

• Planting nursery stock that is larger than is typical or planting containerized

seedlings reduces the seedling mortality rate.
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

81

• Because of the hazard of erosion, water should be removed from logging

roads by water bars, outsloping or insloping road surfaces, culverts, and drop

structures.

• Building logging roads on the contour or on the gentler slopes and seeding logging

roads, skid trails, and log landings after the trees are logged help to prevent

excessive erosion.

• Logging roads should be designed so that their grade is less than 15 percent

whenever possible.

Community Development

Management concerns:

• The slope is a severe limitation affecting building site development. These soils are

poorly suited to building site development and to local roads and streets unless

extensive land shaping is done.

• The bedrock may interfere with excavation for roads and foundations. In most areas,

however, the bedrock is soft enough to excavate with conventional earthmoving

equipment.

• The depth to bedrock and the slope may interfere with the proper functioning of

septic tank absorption fields.

• The rock fragments in the surface layer may interfere with the establishment of

lawns and landscaping.

• Establishing and maintaining vegetation on roadbanks is difficult in areas of these

droughty soils, especially on south aspects.

• The hazard of erosion is severe on construction sites.

Management measures:

• Buildings should be designed so that they conform to the natural slope of the

land.

• Building roads and streets on the contour helps to overcome the slope.

• Selecting the deepest areas of these soils as sites for septic tank absorption fields,

installing the absorption fields on the contour, and oversizing the absorption fields

help to overcome the depth to bedrock and the slope.

• Drought-tolerant species, such as tall fescue and crownvetch, should be selected

for planting on roadbanks.

• Maintaining the plant cover on construction sites, establishing a plant cover in

unprotected areas, and providing for the proper disposal of surface runoff help to

control erosion and sedimentation.

Interpretive Groups

Land capability classification: 6e

Prime farmland: No

Hydric soil: No

CkE—Calvin-Klinesville channery loams, 25 to 35 percent

slopes

Setting

Landscape position: Steep, convex hillsides

Composition

Calvin soil and similar soils: 60 percent

Klinesville soil and similar soils: 30 percent

Dissimilar inclusions: 10 percent
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

82

Typical Profile

Calvin

Surface layer:

0 to 3 inches—dark reddish brown channery loam

Subsoil:

3 to 5 inches—reddish brown channery loam

5 to 18 inches—reddish brown very channery loam

Underlying material:

18 to 26 inches—reddish brown extremely channery loam

Bedrock:

26+ inches—dark reddish brown, moderately weathered, fractured and tilted, fine

grained sandstone

Klinesville

Surface layer:

0 to 2 inches—dark reddish brown channery loam

Subsurface layer:

2 to 5 inches—reddish brown very channery loam

Subsoil:

5 to 14 inches—reddish brown very channery loam

Underlying material:

14 to 18 inches—dark reddish brown very channery loam

Bedrock:

18+ inches—dusky red, moderately weathered, fine grained sandstone

Soil Properties and Qualities

Calvin

Drainage class: Well drained

Permeability: Moderately rapid (2.0 to 6.0 inches per hour)

Available water capacity: Low or moderate

Seasonal high water table: None

Flooding: None

Shrink-swell potential: Low

Hazard of water erosion: Very severe

Percentage of the surface covered by rock fragments: None

Natural fertility: Low

Reaction: In unlimed areas, very strongly acid or strongly acid (pH 4.5 to 5.5)

throughout

Surface runoff: Low

Depth to bedrock: 20 to 40 inches

Bedrock type: Reddish shale or fine grained sandstone or siltstone; interbedded in

some areas

Klinesville

Drainage class: Somewhat excessively drained

Permeability: Moderately rapid (2.0 to 6.0 inches per hour)

Available water capacity: Very low

Seasonal high water table: None

Flooding: None

Shrink-swell potential: Low

Hazard of water erosion: Very severe
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

83

Percentage of the surface covered by rock fragments: None

Natural fertility: Low

Reaction: In unlimed areas, very strongly acid or strongly acid (pH 4.5 to 5.5)

throughout

Surface runoff: Low

Depth to bedrock: 10 to 20 inches

Bedrock type: Reddish shale or fine grained sandstone or siltstone; interbedded in

some areas

Minor Components

Dissimilar inclusions:

• The deep, moderately well drained Hustontown soils and the very deep, moderately

well drained Ernest soils on concave footslopes

• The moderately well drained Basher soils on narrow flood plains along streams

• The very shallow Rough soils

• Areas of rock outcrop

Similar soils:

• The moderately deep Berks soils and the shallow Weikert soils, which have a

yellowish brown subsoil

• Dekalb and Lehew soils, which have sandier textures throughout

• Soils with slopes of less than 25 percent or more than 35 percent

Use and Management

Uses: Most areas of these Calvin and Klinesville soils are wooded.

Cropland

Suitability: Not suited

Management concerns:

• These soils are not suited to cultivated crops because of the steep slopes, the very

severe hazard of erosion, the droughtiness, and the low fertility level.

Pasture and Hayland

Suitability: Not suited to hay; difficult to manage for pasture

Management concerns:

• Establishing and maintaining a mixture of grasses and legumes and preventing

overgrazing are major concerns in pastured areas.

• Overgrazing causes surface compaction, increases the runoff rate and the hazard

of erosion, and reduces the vigor of the plant cover.

• The droughtiness of these soils limits forage production during midsummer.

• Erosion is a very severe hazard if the sod is removed by overgrazing.

• The slope makes the operation of conventional equipment used in clipping and

applying fertilizer difficult.

Management measures:

• Proper stocking rates, a uniform distribution of grazing, and a planned grazing

system help to keep pastures in good condition.

• Establishing warm-season grasses in pastures helps to increase forage production

during midsummer.

• Applying lime and fertilizer according to the results of soil tests helps to ensure the

maximum growth of forage, especially legumes.

Woodland

Potential productivity: Moderate on south aspects; moderate or moderately high on

north aspects
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

84

Management concerns:

• Seedling mortality is a concern because of the droughtiness of these soils,

especially on south-facing slopes.

• Erosion is a hazard on logging roads and skid trails.

Management measures:

• Tree planting should be timed so that seedlings can take full advantage of spring

rains.

• Planting nursery stock that is larger than is typical or planting containerized

seedlings reduces the seedling mortality rate.

• Because of the hazard of erosion, water should be removed from logging roads by

water bars, outsloping or insloping road surfaces, culverts, and drop structures.

• Building logging roads on the contour or on the gentler slopes and seeding logging

roads, skid trails, and log landings after the trees are logged help to prevent

excessive erosion.

• Logging roads should be designed so that their grade is less than 15 percent

whenever possible.

Community Development

Management concerns:

• The slope is a severe limitation affecting building site development. These soils are

poorly suited to building site development and to local roads and streets unless

extensive land shaping is done.

• The bedrock may interfere with excavation for roads and foundations. In most areas,

however, the bedrock is soft enough to excavate with conventional earthmoving

equipment.

• The slope and the limited depth to bedrock make these soils generally unsuitable

as a site for septic tank absorption fields.

• The rock fragments in the surface layer may interfere with the establishment of

lawns and landscaping.

• Establishing and maintaining vegetation on roadbanks is difficult in areas of these

droughty soils, especially on south aspects.

• The hazard of erosion is very severe on construction sites.

Management measures:

• Buildings should be designed so that they conform to the natural slope of the land.

• Building roads and streets on the contour helps to overcome the slope.

• Drought-tolerant species, such as tall fescue and crownvetch, should be selected

for planting on roadbanks.

• Maintaining the plant cover on construction sites, establishing a plant cover in

unprotected areas, and providing for the proper disposal of surface runoff help to

control erosion and sedimentation.

Interpretive Groups

Land capability classification: 7e

Prime farmland: No

Hydric soil: No

CkF—Calvin-Klinesville channery loams, 35 to 65 percent

slopes

Setting

Landscape position: Very steep, convex hillsides

Composition

Calvin soil and similar soils: 45 percent
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

85

Klinesville soil and similar soils: 30 percent

Dissimilar inclusions: 25 percent

Typical Profile

Calvin

Surface layer:

0 to 3 inches—dark reddish brown channery loam

Subsoil:

3 to 5 inches—reddish brown channery loam

5 to 18 inches—reddish brown very channery loam

Underlying material:

18 to 26 inches—reddish brown extremely channery loam

Bedrock:

26+ inches—dark reddish brown, moderately weathered, fractured and tilted, fine

grained sandstone

Klinesville

Surface layer:

0 to 2 inches—dark reddish brown channery loam

Subsurface layer:

2 to 5 inches—reddish brown very channery loam

Subsoil:

5 to 14 inches—reddish brown very channery loam

Underlying material:

14 to 18 inches—dark reddish brown very channery loam

Bedrock:

18+ inches—dusky red, moderately weathered, fine grained sandstone

Soil Properties and Qualities

Calvin

Drainage class: Well drained

Permeability: Moderately rapid (2.0 to 6.0 inches per hour)

Available water capacity: Low or moderate

Seasonal high water table: None

Flooding: None

Shrink-swell potential: Low

Hazard of water erosion: Very severe

Percentage of the surface covered by rock fragments: None

Natural fertility: Low

Reaction: In unlimed areas, very strongly acid or strongly acid (pH 4.5 to 5.5)

throughout

Surface runoff: Low

Depth to bedrock: 20 to 40 inches

Bedrock type: Reddish shale or fine grained sandstone or siltstone; interbedded in

some areas

Klinesville

Drainage class: Somewhat excessively drained

Permeability: Moderately rapid (2.0 to 6.0 inches per hour)

Available water capacity: Very low

Seasonal high water table: None

Flooding: None
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

86

Shrink-swell potential: Low

Hazard of water erosion: Very severe

Percentage of the surface covered by rock fragments: None

Natural fertility: Low

Reaction: In unlimed areas, very strongly acid or strongly acid (pH 4.5 to 5.5)

throughout

Surface runoff: Low

Depth to bedrock: 10 to 20 inches

Bedrock type: Reddish shale or fine grained sandstone or siltstone; interbedded in

some areas

Minor Components

Dissimilar inclusions:

• The very deep, moderately well drained Hustontown and Ernest soils on concave

footslopes

• The very deep Hazleton and Sideling soils on benches and in coves

• The moderately well drained Basher soils on narrow flood plains along streams

• The very shallow Rough soils

• Areas of rock outcrop

Similar soils:

• The moderately deep Berks soils and the shallow Weikert soils, which have a

yellowish brown subsoil

• Dekalb and Lehew soils, which have sandier textures throughout

• Soils with slopes of less than 35 percent or more than 65 percent

Use and Management

Uses: Nearly all areas of these Calvin and Klinesville soils are wooded.

Cropland

Suitability: Not suited

Management concerns:

• These soils are unsuited to cultivated crops because of the steep slopes, the very

severe hazard of erosion, droughtiness, and the low fertility level

Pasture and Hayland

Suitability: Not suited

Management concerns:

• The very steep slopes and the very severe hazard of erosion make these soils

unsuited to pasture and hay production.

Woodland

Potential productivity: Moderate on south aspects; moderate or moderately high on

north aspects

Management concerns:

• Erosion is a severe hazard on logging roads and skid trails.

• Operating logging equipment is hazardous because of the very steep slopes.

• Seedling mortality is a concern because of the droughtiness of these soils,

especially on south-facing slopes.

Management measures:

• Because of the slope, special care is needed in laying out logging roads and log

landings and in operating logging equipment. Logging roads should be designed so

that they conform to the topography.

• Logging roads should be designed so that their grade is less than 15 percent

whenever possible.
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

87

• Because of the hazard of erosion, water should be removed from logging roads by

water bars, outsloping or insloping road surfaces, culverts, and drop structures.

• Seeding logging roads, skid trails, and log landings to perennial grasses and

legumes after the trees are logged helps to prevent excessive erosion.

• Tree planting should be timed so that seedlings can take advantage of spring rains.

• Planting nursery stock that is larger than is typical or planting containerized

seedlings reduces the seedling mortality rate.

Community Development

Management concerns:

• The very steep slopes and the limited depth to bedrock are severe limitations

affecting community development.

• These soils are generally unsuited to building site development, septic tank

absorption fields, and local roads and streets.

Interpretive Groups

Land capability classification: 7e

Prime farmland: No

Hydric soil: No

ClC—Caneyville silt loam, 8 to 15 percent slopes

Setting

Landscape position: Strongly sloping, convex uplands; mainly on the eastern slope of

Tonoloway Ridge

Composition

Caneyville soil and similar soils: 90 percent

Dissimilar inclusions: 10 percent

Typical Profile

Surface layer:

0 to 4 inches—dark brown and brown silt loam

Subsoil:

4 to 12 inches—brown and strong brown gravelly silt loam

12 to 24 inches—yellowish red silty clay

Bedrock:

24+ inches—limestone

Soil Properties and Qualities

Drainage class: Well drained

Permeability: Moderately slow (0.2 to 0.6 inch per hour)

Available water capacity: Moderate

Seasonal high water table: None

Flooding: None

Shrink-swell potential: Moderate in the subsoil

Hazard of water erosion: Severe

Percentage of the surface covered by rock fragments: None

Natural fertility: High

Reaction: In unlimed areas, strongly acid to neutral (pH 5.1 to 7.3) in the surface layer

and in the upper part of the subsoil and moderately acid to slightly alkaline (pH

5.6 to 7.8) in the lower part
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

88

Surface runoff: High

Depth to bedrock: 20 to 40 inches

Bedrock type: Limestone interbedded with thin layers of shale and siltstone

Minor Components

Dissimilar inclusions:

• Small areas of Litz soils that are loamy in the subsoil

• Small areas of the shallow Opequon soils

Similar soils:

• Soils that are more than 40 inches deep over bedrock

• Soils with slopes of less than 8 percent or more than 15 percent

Use and Management

Uses: Most areas of this Caneyville soil are wooded. Some are used as

homesites.

Cropland

Suitability: Poorly suited (better suited to hay and pasture because of the severe

hazard of erosion)

Management concerns:

• The hazard of erosion is severe in unprotected areas.

• Solution channels in the limestone bedrock increase the hazard of ground-water

pollution caused by applications of pesticides, fertilizers, and manure; runoff from

feedlots; and seepage from manure pits.

• An excessive amount of nutrients in manure and fertilizer applications can result in

the pollution of ground water and surface water by nutrients.

Management measures:

• Including grasses, legumes, and small grain in crop rotations, applying a system of

conservation tillage, growing cover crops and green manure crops, and applying

crop residue management help to prevent excessive erosion and to maintain fertility

and tilth.

• Designing fertilizer and manure applications to meet crop nutrient needs, using split

fertilizer applications, and applying fertilizer in bands minimize the loss of nutrients

by leaching.

• Manure should be stored in a properly designed storage facility.

• A system of conservation tillage that leaves crop residue on the surface helps to

conserve soil moisture.

Pasture and Hayland

Suitability: Suited

Management concerns:

• Establishing and maintaining a mixture of grasses and legumes and preventing

overgrazing are major concerns in pastured areas.

• Overgrazing causes surface compaction, increases the runoff rate and the hazard

of erosion, and reduces the vigor of the plant cover.

• If pastures are overgrazed, erosion is a severe hazard in areas where the plant

cover has been destroyed.

• Ponds constructed for livestock water are susceptible to seepage and have a high

failure rate.

Management measures:

• Proper stocking rates, a uniform distribution of grazing, and a planned grazing

system help to keep pastures in good condition.

• Applying lime and fertilizer according to the results of soil tests helps to ensure the

maximum growth of forage, especially legumes.
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

89

Woodland

Potential productivity: Moderately high

Management concerns:

• Erosion is a hazard on logging roads and skid trails.

• The clayey subsoil is a limitation affecting the operation of logging equipment during

wet periods when the soil is soft.

Management measures:

• Building logging roads and skid trails on the contour and seeding the roads and

trails when they are no longer being used help to control erosion.

Community Development

Management concerns:

• In many areas hard limestone bedrock may interfere with excavation, including that

for roads, septic tank absorption fields, foundations, and sewer lines.

• The depth to bedrock and the slow permeability are severe limitations on sites for

septic tank absorption fields.

• Solution channels in the limestone bedrock increase the hazard of ground-water

pollution by seepage from septic tank absorption fields.

• The moderate shrink-swell potential is a limitation affecting the construction of

buildings.

• Low strength is a severe limitation affecting the construction of roads. Because this

soil is soft when wet, the pavement cracks and buckles under heavy loads.

• Erosion is a severe hazard on construction sites.

Management measures:

• Buildings should be designed so that they conform to the natural slope of the land.

Land shaping is necessary in some areas.

• Selecting the deepest areas of this soil as sites for septic tank absorption fields,

installing the absorption fields on the contour, pressurizing or enlarging the

absorption fields, or installing alternating drainfields help to overcome the

limitations in absorption areas.

• Septic tank absorption fields should not be installed in areas that are near

limestone rock outcrop or in areas where excavation exposes the limestone

bedrock.

• Properly designing and strengthening footings and foundations can help to prevent

the structural damage caused by shrinking and swelling.

• Providing a suitable road base that includes the installation of properly designed

geotextiles helps to prevent the road damage caused by low strength.

• Maintaining the plant cover on construction sites, establishing a plant cover in

unprotected areas, and providing for the proper disposal of surface runoff help to

control erosion and sedimentation.

Interpretive Groups

Land capability classification: 4e

Prime farmland: No

Hydric soil: No

ClD—Caneyville silt loam, 15 to 25 percent slopes

Setting

Landscape position: Moderately steep, convex uplands; mainly on the western slope

of Warm Springs Ridge

Composition

Caneyville soil and similar soils: 85 percent
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

90

Dissimilar inclusions: 15 percent

Typical Profile

Surface layer:

0 to 4 inches—dark brown and brown silt loam

Subsoil:

4 to 12 inches—brown and strong brown gravelly silt loam

12 to 24 inches—yellowish red silty clay

Bedrock:

24+ inches—limestone

Soil Properties and Qualities

Drainage class: Well drained

Permeability: Moderately slow (0.2 to 0.6 inch per hour)

Available water capacity: Moderate

Seasonal high water table: None

Flooding: None

Shrink-swell potential: Moderate in the subsoil

Hazard of water erosion: Severe

Percentage of the surface covered by rock fragments: None

Natural fertility: High

Reaction: In unlimed areas, strongly acid to neutral (pH 5.1 to 7.3) in the surface layer

and in the upper part of the subsoil and moderately acid to slightly alkaline (pH

5.6 to 7.8) in the lower part

Surface runoff: Very high

Depth to bedrock: 20 to 40 inches

Bedrock type: Limestone interbedded with thin layers of shale and siltstone

Minor Components

Dissimilar inclusions:

• The very deep Murrill and Blackthorn soils

• The Litz soils that are loamy in the subsoil

• The shallow Opequon soils

Similar soils:

• Soils that are more than 40 inches deep over bedrock

• Soils with slopes of less than 15 percent or more than 25 percent

Use and Management

Uses: Most areas of this Caneyville soil are wooded. Some are used as homesites.

Cropland

Suitability: Not suited

Management concerns:

• Because of the moderately steep slopes and the severe hazard of erosion, this soil

is not suited to cultivated crops.

Pasture and Hayland

Suitability: Suited to pasture; not suited to hay

Management concerns:

• Establishing and maintaining a mixture of grasses and legumes and preventing

overgrazing are major concerns in pastured areas.

• Overgrazing causes surface compaction, increases the runoff rate and the hazard

of erosion, and reduces the vigor of the plant cover.
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

91

• If pastures are overgrazed, erosion is a severe hazard in areas where the plant

cover has been destroyed.

Management measures:

• Proper stocking rates, a uniform distribution of grazing, and a planned grazing

system help to keep pastures in good condition.

• Applying lime and fertilizer according to the results of soil tests helps to ensure the

maximum growth of forage, especially legumes.

Woodland

Potential productivity: Moderate on south aspects; moderately high on north aspects

Management concerns:

• Erosion is a hazard on logging roads and skid trails.

• The clayey texture of the subsoil is a limitation affecting the use of logging

equipment during wet periods when the soil is soft.

• Seedling mortality is a concern on south-facing slopes.

Management measures:

• The hazard of erosion can be reduced by building logging roads and skid trails on

the contour; seeding logging roads, log landings, and areas that have been cut and

filled to perennial grasses and legumes; and installing water bars and culverts.

• Logging roads should be designed so that their grade is less than 15 percent

whenever possible.

Community Development

Suitability: Poorly suited

Management concerns:

• Because of the slope, this soil is poorly suited to building site development and to

local roads and streets unless extensive land shaping is done.

• In many areas, hard limestone bedrock may interfere with excavation, including that

for roads, septic tank absorption fields, foundations, and sewer lines.

• The depth to bedrock, the slow permeability, and the slope are severe limitations on

sites for septic tank absorption fields.

• Solution channels in the limestone bedrock increase the hazard of ground-water

pollution by seepage from septic tank absorption fields.

• The moderate shrink-swell potential is a limitation affecting the construction of

buildings.

• Low strength is a severe limitation affecting the construction of roads. Because this

soil is soft when wet, pavement cracks and buckles under heavy loads.

• Erosion is a severe hazard on construction sites.

Management measures:

• Buildings should be designed so that they conform to the natural slope of the land.

Land shaping is necessary in most areas.

• Selecting the deepest areas of this soil as sites for septic tank absorption fields,

installing the absorption fields on the contour, pressurizing or enlarging the

absorption fields, or installing alternating drainfields can help to overcome the

limitations in absorption areas.

• Septic tank absorption fields should not be installed in areas that are near

limestone rock outcrop or in areas where excavation exposes the limestone

bedrock.

• Properly designing and strengthening footings and foundations can help to prevent

the structural damage caused by shrinking and swelling.

• Providing a suitable road base that includes the installation of properly designed

geotextiles helps to prevent the road damage caused by low strength.

• Maintaining the plant cover on construction sites, establishing a plant cover in

unprotected areas, and providing for the proper disposal of surface runoff help to

control erosion and sedimentation.
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

92

Interpretive Groups

Land capability classification: 6e

Prime farmland: No

Hydric soil: No

ClE—Caneyville silt loam, 25 to 35 percent slopes

Setting

Landscape position: Steep, convex uplands; mainly on the western slope of Warm

Springs Ridge and the eastern slope of Tonoloway Ridge

Composition

Caneyville soil and similar soils: 85 percent

Dissimilar inclusions: 15 percent

Typical Profile

Surface layer:

0 to 4 inches—dark brown and brown silt loam

Subsoil:

4 to 12 inches—brown and strong brown gravelly silt loam

12 to 24 inches—yellowish red silty clay

Bedrock:

24+ inches—limestone

Soil Properties and Qualities

Drainage class: Well drained

Permeability: Moderately slow (0.2 to 0.6 inch per hour)

Available water capacity: Moderate

Seasonal high water table: None

Flooding: None

Shrink-swell potential: Moderate in the subsoil

Hazard of water erosion: Very severe

Percentage of the surface covered by rock fragments: None

Natural fertility: High

Reaction: In unlimed areas, strongly acid to neutral (pH 5.1 to 7.3) in the surface layer

and in the upper part of the subsoil and moderately acid to slightly alkaline (pH

5.6 to 7.8) in the lower part

Surface runoff: Very high

Depth to bedrock: 20 to 40 inches

Bedrock type: Limestone interbedded with thin layers of shale and siltstone

Minor Components

Dissimilar inclusions:

• The very deep Murrill and Blackthorn soils

• The Litz soils that are loamy in the subsoil

• The shallow Opequon soils

• Small areas of rock outcrop

Similar soils:

• Soils that are more than 40 inches deep over bedrock

• Soils with slopes of less than 25 percent or more than 35 percent
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

93

Use and Management

Uses: Most areas of this Caneyville soil are wooded. Some are used as homesites.

Cropland

Suitability: Not suited

Management concerns:

• Because of the steep slopes and the very severe hazard of erosion, this soil is not

suited to cultivated crops.

Pasture and Hayland

Suitability: Not suited to hay; difficult to manage for pasture

Management concerns:

• Establishing and maintaining a mixture of grasses and legumes and preventing

overgrazing are major concerns in pastured areas.

• Overgrazing causes surface compaction, increases the runoff rate and the hazard

of erosion, and reduces the vigor of the plant cover.

• If pastures are overgrazed, erosion is a very severe hazard in areas where the plant

cover has been destroyed.

Management measures:

• Proper stocking rates, a uniform distribution of grazing, and a planned grazing

system help to keep pastures in good condition.

• Establishing warm-season grasses in pastures helps to increase forage production

during midsummer.

• Applying lime and fertilizer according to the results of soil tests helps to ensure the

maximum growth of forage, especially legumes.

Woodland

Potential productivity: Moderate on south aspects; moderately high on north aspects

Management concerns:

• Erosion is a hazard on logging roads and skid trails.

• The clayey texture of the subsoil is a limitation affecting the use of logging

equipment during wet periods when the soil is soft.

• Seedling mortality is a concern on south-facing slopes.

Management measures:

• The hazard of erosion can be reduced by building logging roads and skid trails on

the contour; seeding logging roads, log landings, and areas that have been cut and

filled to perennial grasses and legumes; and installing water bars and culverts.

• Logging roads should be designed so that their grade is less than 15 percent

whenever possible.

Community Development

Management concerns:

• Because of the slope, this soil is poorly suited to building site development and to

local roads and streets unless extensive land shaping is done.

• In many areas, hard limestone bedrock may interfere with excavation, including that

for roads, septic tank absorption fields, foundations, and sewer lines.

• The limited depth to bedrock, the slow permeability, and the steep slopes make this

soil generally unsuitable as a site for septic tank absorption fields.

• The moderate shrink-swell potential is a limitation affecting the construction of

buildings.

• Low strength is a severe limitation affecting the construction of roads. Because this

soil is soft when wet, pavement cracks and buckles under heavy loads.

• Erosion is a very severe hazard on construction sites.

Management measures:

• Buildings should be designed so that they conform to the natural slope of the land.

Land shaping is necessary in most areas.
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

94

• Properly designing and strengthening footings and foundations can help to prevent

the structural damage caused by shrinking and swelling.

• Providing a suitable road base that includes the installation of properly designed

geotextiles helps to prevent the road damage caused by low strength.

• Maintaining the plant cover on construction sites, establishing a plant cover in

unprotected areas, and providing for the proper disposal of surface runoff help to

control erosion and sedimentation.

Interpretive Groups

Land capability classification: 7e

Prime farmland: No

Hydric soil: No

CnF—Caneyville silty clay loam, 35 to 65 percent slopes

Setting

Landscape position: Very steep, convex uplands; mainly on the eastern aspect of

Tonoloway Ridge

Composition

Caneyville soil and similar soils: 85 percent

Dissimilar inclusions: 15 percent

Typical Profile

Surface layer:

0 to 4 inches—brown silty clay loam

Subsoil:

4 to 24 inches—yellowish red silty clay

Bedrock:

24+ inches—limestone

Soil Properties and Qualities

Drainage class: Well drained

Permeability: Moderately slow (0.2 to 0.6 inch per hour)

Available water capacity: Moderate

Seasonal high water table: None

Flooding: None

Shrink-swell potential: Moderate in the subsoil

Hazard of water erosion: Very severe

Percentage of the surface covered by rock fragments: None

Natural fertility: High

Reaction: In unlimed areas, strongly acid to neutral (pH 5.1 to 7.3) in the surface

layer and in the upper part of the subsoil and moderately acid to slightly alkaline

(pH 5.6 to 7.8) in the lower part

Surface runoff: Very high

Depth to bedrock: 20 to 40 inches

Bedrock type: Limestone interbedded with thin layers of shale and siltstone

Minor Components

Dissimilar inclusions:

• The very deep Murrill and Blackthorn soils
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

95

• The Litz soils that are loamy in the subsoil

• The shallow Opequon soils

• Small areas of rock outcrop

Similar soils:

• Soils that are more than 40 inches deep over bedrock

• Soils with slopes of less than 35 percent or more than 65 percent

Use and Management

Uses: Most areas of this Caneyville soil are wooded.

Cropland

Suitability: Not suited

Management concerns:

• Because of the very steep slopes and the very severe hazard of erosion, this soil is

not suited to cultivated crops.

Pasture and Hayland

Suitability: Not suited to hay; very difficult to manage for pasture

Management concerns:

• Because of the very steep slopes, conventional equipment used in clipping and

applying fertilizer cannot be safely operated in areas of this soil.

• Establishing and maintaining a mixture of grasses and legumes and preventing

overgrazing are major concerns in pastured areas.

• Overgrazing causes surface compaction, increases the runoff rate and the hazard

of erosion, and reduces the vigor of the plant cover.

• If pastures are overgrazed, erosion is a very severe hazard in areas where the plant

cover has been destroyed.

Management measures:

• Proper stocking rates, a uniform distribution of grazing, and a planned grazing

system help to keep pastures in good condition.

• Establishing warm-season grasses in pastures helps to increase forage production

during midsummer.

• Applying lime and fertilizer according to the results of soil tests helps to ensure the

maximum growth of forage, especially legumes.

Woodland

Potential productivity: Moderate on south aspects; moderately high on north

aspects

Management concerns:

• Erosion is a severe hazard on logging roads and skid trails.

• Operating logging equipment is hazardous because of the very steep slopes.

• The clayey texture of the subsoil is a limitation affecting the use of logging

equipment during wet periods when the soil is soft.

• Seedling mortality is a concern on south-facing slopes.

Management measures:

• Because of the slope, special care is needed in laying out logging roads and log

landings and in operating logging equipment. Logging roads should be designed so

that they conform to the topography.

• Logging roads should be designed so that their grade is less than 15 percent

whenever possible.

• Because of the hazard of erosion, water should be removed from logging roads by

water bars, outsloping or insloping road surfaces, culverts, and drop structures.

• Seeding logging roads, skid trails, and log landings to perennial grasses and

legumes after the trees are logged helps to prevent excessive erosion.
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

96

Community Development

Management concerns:

• Because of the very steep slopes, the limited depth to bedrock, and the low

strength, this soil generally is unsuited to building site development, septic tank

absorption fields, and local roads and streets.

Interpretive Groups

Land capability classification: 7e

Prime farmland: No

Hydric soil: No

CrB—Clarksburg gravelly silt loam, 3 to 8 percent slopes

Setting

Landscape position: Gently sloping, concave footslopes downslope from soils

underlain by limestone; mostly in the Sir Johns Run watershed

Composition

Clarksburg soil and similar soils: 80 percent

Dissimilar inclusions: 20 percent

Typical Profile

Surface layer:

0 to 8 inches—dark brown gravelly silt loam

Subsurface layer:

8 to 12 inches—yellowish brown gravelly silt loam

Subsoil:

12 to 22 inches—yellowish brown silty clay loam

22 to 29 inches—yellowish brown silty clay loam with grayish brown redoximorphic

features

29 to 42 inches—brown, firm and brittle clay loam with light brownish gray and

yellowish brown redoximorphic features

Underlying material:

42 to 65 inches—brown clay loam with yellowish brown and light brownish gray

redoximorphic features

Soil Properties and Qualities

Drainage class: Moderately well drained

Permeability: Moderate (0.6 inch to 2.0 inches per hour) in the upper part and slow

(0.06 to 0.2 inch per hour) in the lower part

Available water capacity: Moderate

Depth to the seasonal high water table: 1.5 to 2.5 feet

Flooding: None

Shrink-swell potential: Moderate

Hazard of water erosion: Moderate

Percentage of the surface covered by rock fragments: None

Natural fertility: Moderate

Reaction: In unlimed areas, moderately acid or slightly acid (pH 5.6 to 6.5)

Surface runoff: High

Depth to bedrock: More than 60 inches
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

97

Minor Components

Dissimilar inclusions:

• The moderately deep Litz soils

• The moderately well drained Sideling soils

• The poorly drained Brinkerton soils

• The well drained Murrill soils

• The moderately well drained Lindside soils on flood plains

Similar soils:

• The moderately well drained Ernest soils that are higher in acidity

• Soils with slopes of less than 3 percent or more than 8 percent

Use and Management

Uses: Many areas of this Clarksburg soil have been cleared. In these areas, the soil

is used for hay and pasture or the acreage is idle land. Other areas are wooded.

Cropland

Suitability: Suited

Management concerns:

• The hazard of erosion is moderate in unprotected areas.

• The seasonal wetness may delay tilling and planting in the spring.

• The seasonal high water table and the firm and brittle layer in the subsoil restrict

the rooting depth of some plants.

Management measures:

• Conservation tillage, contour farming, winter cover crops, and crop residue

management help to control erosion and to maintain fertility and tilth.

Pasture and Hayland

Suitability: Suited (better suited to grasses than to legumes because of the seasonal

high water table)

Management concerns:

• Establishing and maintaining a healthy cover of sod and preventing overgrazing are

major concerns in pastured areas.

• Erosion is a moderate hazard if the sod is removed by overgrazing.

• Because the soil is soft when wet, grazing early in spring damages the sod.

Management measures:

• Proper stocking rates, a uniform distribution of grazing, and a planned grazing

system help to keep pastures in good condition.

• Grazing should be deferred in spring until the soil is firm.

• Applying lime and fertilizer according to the results of soil tests helps to ensure

maximum growth of forage plants.

Woodland

Potential productivity: Moderately high

Management concerns:

• Erosion is a hazard on logging roads and skid trails.

• Plant competition is moderate when openings are made in the canopy.

• Competition from weeds may slow the growth of planted tree seedlings.

• Because this soil is soft when wet, use of logging equipment during wet periods will

result in excessive rutting.

Management measures:

• Building logging roads and skid trails on the contour and seeding the roads and

trails after the trees are logged help to control erosion.
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

98

• Adequate site preparation helps to control initial plant competition in tree

plantations, and spraying helps to control subsequent competition.

Community Development

Management concerns:

• The seasonal high water table is the main limitation on sites for buildings, especially

buildings with basements.

• The seasonal high water table limits excavation and trafficability and may delay

construction activities in winter and spring.

• The seasonal high water table and the slow permeability in the subsoil are severe

limitations on sites for septic tank absorption fields.

• The seasonal high water table and low strength are moderate limitations on sites

for local roads and streets. Because the soil is soft when wet, the pavement cracks

under heavy loads.

• Water may seep from cutbanks during wet periods.

• Erosion is a moderate hazard on construction sites.

Management measures:

• Installing a drainage system around structures that have basements or crawl

spaces helps to overcome wetness.

• Buildings can be constructed on well compacted fill material, which raises the site a

sufficient distance above the water table.

• Installing tile drainage lines upslope from the absorption field helps to overcome the

wetness.

• Increasing the size of the absorption area and backfilling with gravel help to

compensate for the restricted permeability in the subsoil.

• Installing a drainage system and providing a suitable road base that includes the

installation of properly designed geotextiles help to prevent the road damage

caused by wetness and low strength.

• Maintaining the plant cover on construction sites, establishing a plant cover in

unprotected areas, and providing for the proper disposal of surface runoff help to

control erosion and sedimentation.

Interpretive Groups

Land capability classification: 2e

Prime farmland: Yes

Hydric soil: No

CrC—Clarksburg gravelly silt loam, 8 to 15 percent slopes

Setting

Landscape position: Strongly sloping, concave footslopes that are downslope from

soils underlain by limestone; mostly in the Sir Johns Run watershed

Composition

Clarksburg soil and similar soils: 80 percent

Dissimilar inclusions: 20 percent

Typical Profile

Surface layer:

0 to 7 inches—dark brown gravelly silt loam

Subsurface layer:

7 to 11 inches—yellowish brown gravelly silt loam
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

99

Subsoil:

11 to 21 inches—yellowish brown silty clay loam

21 to 28 inches—yellowish brown silty clay loam with grayish brown redoximorphic

features

28 to 41 inches—brown, firm and brittle clay loam with light brownish gray and

yellowish brown redoximorphic features

Underlying material:

41 to 65 inches—brown clay loam mottled with yellowish brown and light brownish

gray

Soil Properties and Qualities

Drainage class: Moderately well drained

Permeability: Moderate (0.6 inch to 2.0 inches per hour) in the upper part and slow

(0.06 to 0.2 inch per hour) in the lower part

Available water capacity: Moderate

Depth to the seasonal high water table: 1.5 to 2.5 feet

Flooding: None

Shrink-swell potential: Moderate

Hazard of water erosion: Severe

Percentage of the surface covered by rock fragments: None

Natural fertility: Moderate

Reaction: In unlimed areas, moderately acid or slightly acid (pH 5.6 to 6.5)

Surface runoff: High

Depth to bedrock: More than 60 inches

Minor Components

Dissimilar inclusions:

• The moderately deep Litz soils

• The well drained Murrill soils

• The moderately well drained Sideling soils

• Small areas of marl deposits that are associated with limestone springs

Similar soils:

• The moderately well drained Ernest soils that are higher in acidity

• Soils with slopes of less than 8 percent or more than 15 percent

Use and Management

Uses: Many areas of this Clarksburg soil have been cleared. In these areas, the

soil is used for hay and pasture or the acreage is idle land. Other areas are

wooded.

Cropland

Suitability: Suited

Management concerns:

• The hazard of erosion is severe in unprotected areas.

• The seasonal wetness may delay tilling and planting in the spring.

• The seasonal high water table and the firm and brittle layer in the subsoil restrict

the rooting depth of some plants.

Management measures:

• Conservation tillage, contour farming, winter cover crops, and crop residue

management help to control erosion and to maintain fertility and tilth.

Pasture and Hayland

Suitability: Suited (better suited to grasses than to legumes because of the seasonal

high water table)
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

100

Management concerns:

• Establishing and maintaining a healthy cover of sod and preventing overgrazing are

major concerns in pastured areas.

• Erosion is a severe hazard if the sod is removed by overgrazing.

• Because the soil is soft when wet, grazing early in spring damages the sod.

Management measures:

• Proper stocking rates, a uniform distribution of grazing, and a planned grazing

system help to keep pastures in good condition.

• Grazing should be deferred in spring until the soil is firm.

• Applying lime and fertilizer according to the results of soil tests helps to ensure

maximum growth of forage plants.

Woodland

Potential productivity: Moderately high

Management concerns:

• Erosion is a hazard on logging roads and skid trails.

• Plant competition is moderate when openings are made in the canopy.

• Competition from weeds may slow the growth of planted tree seedlings.

• Because this soil is soft when wet, the use of logging equipment during wet periods

will result in excessive rutting.

Management measures:

• Building logging roads and skid trails on the contour and seeding the roads and

trails after the trees are logged help to control erosion.

• Adequate site preparation helps to control initial plant competition in tree

plantations, and spraying helps to control subsequent competition.

Community Development

Management concerns:

• The slope is a limitation affecting community development.

• The seasonal high water table is the main limitation on sites for buildings, especially

buildings with basements.

• The seasonal high water table limits excavation and trafficability and may delay

construction activities in winter and spring.

• The seasonal high water table and the slow permeability in the subsoil are severe

limitations on sites for septic tank absorption fields.

• The seasonal high water table and low strength are moderate limitations on sites for

local roads and streets. Because the soil is soft when wet, the pavement cracks

under heavy loads.

• Water may seep from cutbanks during wet periods.

• Erosion is a severe hazard on construction sites.

Management measures:

• Buildings should be designed so that they conform to the natural slope of the land.

Land shaping is necessary in some areas.

• Installing a drainage system around structures that have basements or crawl

spaces helps to overcome the wetness.

• Buildings can be constructed on well compacted fill material, which raises the site a

sufficient distance above the water table.

• Installing tile drainage lines upslope from the absorption field helps to overcome the

wetness.

• Increasing the size of the absorption area, installing distribution lines on the

contour, and backfilling with gravel help to compensate for the restricted

permeability in the subsoil.

• Installing a drainage system and providing a suitable road base that includes the

installation of properly designed geotextiles help to prevent the road damage

caused by wetness and low strength.
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

101

• Maintaining the plant cover on construction sites, establishing a plant cover in

unprotected areas, and providing for the proper disposal of surface runoff help to

control erosion and sedimentation.

Interpretive Groups

Land capability classification: 3e

Prime farmland: No

Hydric soil: No

CvB—Clearbrook-Cavode silt loams, 0 to 8 percent slopes

Setting

Landscape position: Nearly level and gently sloping, slightly concave head slopes;

mainly along the eastern base of Warm Springs Ridge in the U.S. Route 522

corridor

Note: The two soils occur as areas so intermingled on the landscape that it was

impractical to map them separately.

Composition

Clearbrook soil and similar soils: 50 percent

Cavode soil and similar soils: 35 percent

Dissimilar inclusions: 15 percent

Typical Profile

Clearbrook

Surface layer:

0 to 8 inches—olive brown silt loam

Subsoil:

8 to 13 inches—light olive brown channery silty clay loam with strong brown and light

grayish brown redoximorphic features

13 to 19 inches—light grayish brown very channery silty clay loam with strong brown

and yellowish brown redoximorphic features

Underlying material:

19 to 22 inches—light brownish gray and gray extremely channery silty clay with

strong brown redoximorphic features

Bedrock:

22 inches—stratified dark brown and reddish brown, weathered shale

Cavode

Surface layer:

0 to 8 inches—olive brown silt loam

Subsoil:

8 to 12 inches—light olive brown silt loam with yellowish brown and grayish brown

redoximorphic features

12 to 23 inches—light olive brown silty clay loam with strong brown and light grayish

brown redoximorphic features

23 to 41 inches—gray silty clay with yellowish brown and red redoximorphic features

41 to 51 inches—gray silty clay loam with yellowish brown and red redoximorphic

features

Underlying material:

51 to 62 inches—gray very channery silty clay loam with red redoximorphic features
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

102

Bedrock:

62 inches—stratified, dark brown and reddish brown, weathered shale

Soil Properties and Qualities

Clearbrook

Drainage class: Somewhat poorly drained

Permeability: Moderately slow (0.2 to 0.6 inch per hour)

Available water capacity: Very low or low

Depth to the seasonal high water table: 0.5 foot to 1.5 feet

Flooding: None

Shrink-swell potential: Moderate

Hazard of water erosion: Slight or moderate

Percentage of the surface covered by rock fragments: None

Natural fertility: Low

Reaction: In unlimed areas, very strongly acid or strongly acid (pH 4.5 to 5.5)

Surface runoff: Medium

Depth to bedrock: 20 to 40 inches

Bedrock type: Weathered shale; rippable in most areas

Cavode

Drainage class: Somewhat poorly drained

Permeability: Slow (0.06 to 0.2 inch per hour)

Available water capacity: Moderate or high

Depth to the seasonal high water table: 0.5 foot to 1.5 feet

Flooding: None

Shrink-swell potential: Moderate

Hazard of water erosion: Slight or moderate

Percentage of the surface covered by rock fragments: None

Natural fertility: Low

Reaction: In unlimed areas, very strongly acid or strongly acid (pH 4.5 to 5.5)

Surface runoff: High

Depth to bedrock: 40 to 72 inches

Bedrock type: Weathered shale; rippable in most areas

Minor Components

Dissimilar inclusions:

• The well drained Berks soils

• The moderately well drained Buchanan soils

• The poorly drained Dunning soils that are along narrow drainageways and in

depressions and are subject to occasional ponding

Similar soils:

• Moderately well drained soils

• Soils with slopes of more than 8 percent

Use and Management

Uses: Many areas of these Clearbrook and Cavode soils are wooded. Some areas

have been cleared. In these areas, the soils are used for hay and pasture or the

acreage is idle land.

Cropland

Suitability: Suited (better suited to hay and pasture)

Management concerns:

• Erosion is a moderate hazard if cultivated crops are grown.

• The seasonal high water table is near the surface during wet periods. It restricts the

rooting depth of crops and delays tillage in the spring.
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

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• The Clearbrook soil is droughty during the growing season because it has a low

available water capacity.

Management measures:

• Including grasses and legumes in crop rotations, applying a system of conservation

tillage, growing cover crops, and applying crop residue management help to

prevent erosion and to maintain fertility and tilth.

Pasture and Hayland

Suitability: Suited (better suited to grasses than to legumes because of the seasonal

high water table)

Management concerns:

• Establishing and maintaining a healthy cover of sod and preventing overgrazing are

major concerns in pastured areas.

• Grazing during wet periods results in surface compaction, poor tilth, and damage to

the sod.

Management measures:

• Proper stocking rates, a planned grazing system, and deferred grazing during wet

periods help to keep pastures in good condition.

• Applying lime and fertilizer according to the results of soil tests helps to ensure the

maximum growth of forage plants.

Woodland

Potential productivity: Moderately high

Management concerns:

• During wet periods these soils are soft and will not support heavy logging

equipment.

• Plant competition is severe when openings are made in the canopy.

• Competition from undesirable plants may slow the growth of planted tree

species.

Management measures:

• Logging should be deferred during wet periods.

• Adequately preparing the site helps to control initial plant competition in tree

plantations, and spraying helps to control subsequent competition.

Community Development

Management concerns:

• The wetness is a severe limitation affecting building site development, septic tank

absorption fields, and local roads and streets.

• The depth to bedrock and the slow permeability are severe limitations on sites for

septic tank absorption fields in areas of the Clearbrook soil.

• The slow permeability is a severe limitation on sites for septic tank absorption fields

in areas of the Cavode soil.

• Because the Clearbrook and Cavode soils are soft when wet, pavement may crack

and buckle under heavy loads.

• Erosion is a severe hazard on construction sites.

Management measures:

• Buildings can be constructed on well compacted fill material, which raises the

site a sufficient distance above the water table.

• A better suited soil should be considered as a site for septic tank absorption

fields.

• Installing a drainage system and providing a suitable road base that includes the

installation of properly designed geotextiles help to prevent the road damage

caused by wetness and low strength.

• Maintaining the plant cover on construction sites, establishing a plant cover in

unprotected areas, and providing for the proper disposal of surface runoff help to

control erosion and sedimentation.
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

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Interpretive Groups

Land capability classification: 3w

Prime farmland: No

Hydric soil: No

Cz—Combs fine sandy loam

Setting

Landscape position: Nearly level flood plains; along the Potomac River

Composition

Combs soil and similar soils: 85 percent

Dissimilar inclusions: 15 percent

Typical Profile

Surface layer:

0 to 10 inches—dark brown fine sandy loam

Subsurface layer:

10 to 20 inches—dark brown fine sandy loam

Subsoil:

20 to 53 inches—dark yellowish brown fine sandy loam

Underlying material:

53 to 65 inches—brown to dark brown fine sandy loam

Soil Properties and Qualities

Drainage class: Well drained

Permeability: Moderate or moderately rapid (0.6 inch to 6.0 inches per hour)

Available water capacity: Moderate or high

Depth to the seasonal high water table: 3.5 to more than 6 feet

Flooding: Frequency—occasional (5 to 50 percent chance of flooding in any year);

duration—brief

Shrink-swell potential: Low

Hazard of water erosion: Slight

Percentage of the surface covered by rock fragments: None

Natural fertility: High

Reaction: In unlimed areas, moderately acid to neutral (pH 5.6 to 7.3)

Surface runoff: Very low

Depth to bedrock: More than 60 inches

Minor Components

Dissimilar soils:

• The moderately well drained Lindside soils and the poorly drained Melvin soils in

sloughs and high water channels

• Soils that are on natural levees and have loamy sand or sand textures throughout

Similar soils:

• The well drained Tioga soils that do not have the thick, dark surface layer that is

typical of the Combs soil

• Soils with slopes of more than 3 percent

• Soils that have a surface layer of loam
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

105

Use and Management

Uses: Most areas of this Combs soil are used for cultivated crops or hay. Some are

used as pasture. A few small areas are wooded.

Cropland

Suitability: Well suited

Management concerns:

• This soil is suited to cultivated crops, which can be grown year after year if the soil

is properly protected.

• An excessive amount of nutrients in manure and fertilizer applications can result in

the pollution of surface water by nutrients.

• The flooding occasionally damages crops or delays field operations.

• This soil is subject to streambank erosion in many areas.

Management measures:

• Conservation tillage, winter cover crops, and crop residue management help to

maintain soil tilth and fertility and to control water erosion.

• Designing fertilizer and manure applications to meet crop nutrient needs, using split

fertilizer applications, and applying fertilizer in bands minimize the loss of nutrients

by leaching.

• Leaving a border of trees along streams helps to prevent streambank erosion and

protect water quality.

Pasture and Hayland

Suitability: Well suited

Management concerns:

• Establishing and maintaining a mixture of grasses and legumes and preventing

overgrazing are major concerns in pastured areas.

• Overgrazing causes surface compaction, increases the runoff rate and the hazard

of erosion, and reduces the vigor of the plant cover.

• Unrestricted access to streams by livestock increases the hazards of streambank

erosion and water pollution.

• The flooding occasionally deposits debris on the grassland.

Management measures:

• Proper stocking rates, a planned grazing system, and deferred grazing during wet

periods help to keep pastures in good condition.

• Streambanks should be fenced, and access to streams by livestock should be

limited to protected areas.

• Applying lime and fertilizer according to the results of soil tests helps to ensure

maximum growth of plants, especially legumes.

Woodland

Potential productivity: Moderately high

Management concerns:

• Competition from undesirable plant species may slow the growth of planted tree

seedlings.

Management measures:

• Adequate site preparation helps to control initial plant competition in tree

plantations, and spraying helps to control subsequent competition.

Community Development

Management concerns:

• Because of the flooding, this soil is not suitable as a site for septic tank absorption

fields or buildings.

• The flooding is a severe limitation on sites for local roads and streets.
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

106

Management measures:

• A better suited soil should be considered as a site for buildings and septic tank

absorption fields.

• Constructing roads on raised fill material helps to prevent the damage caused by

flooding.

Interpretive Groups

Land capability classification: 2w

Prime farmland: Yes

Hydric soil: No

DkC—Dekalb channery sandy loam, 3 to 15 percent

slopes, extremely stony

Setting

Landscape position: Gently sloping and strongly sloping, convex ridgetops; mainly on

Sleepy Creek and Cacapon Mountains and Sideling Hill

Composition

Dekalb soil and similar soils: 85 percent

Dissimilar inclusions: 15 percent

Typical Profile

Surface layer:

0 to 1 inch—organic duff from hardwood leaf litter

1 to 4 inches—very dark brown channery sandy loam

Subsurface layer:

4 to 6 inches—grayish brown very channery loamy sand

Subsoil:

6 to 15 inches—yellowish brown very channery sandy loam

15 to 24 inches—yellowish brown extremely flaggy sandy loam

Bedrock:

24 inches—fractured, gray sandstone

Soil Properties and Qualities

Drainage class: Somewhat excessively drained

Permeability: Rapid (6.0 to 20 inches per hour)

Available water capacity: Very low or low

Seasonal high water table: None

Flooding: None

Shrink-swell potential: Low

Hazard of water erosion: Moderate or severe

Percentage of the surface covered by rock fragments: 3 to 15 percent covered with

stones

Natural fertility: Low

Reaction: In unlimed areas, extremely acid to strongly acid (pH 3.5 to 5.5)

Surface runoff: Very low

Depth to bedrock: 20 to 40 inches

Bedrock type: Mainly hard, acid sandstone; in places interbedded with shale and

siltstone
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

107

Minor Components

Dissimilar inclusions:

• Moderately well drained soils in shallow depressions

• Small areas of the very deep Hazleton soils

• The moderately well drained Buchanan soils on concave head slopes

• Small areas of sandstone outcrops

• Very rubbly areas with more than 50 percent of the surface covered with stones

Similar soils:

• Schaffenaker soils that have loamy sand or sand textures throughout

• Berks soils that have loam or silt loam textures in the fine-earth fraction

• Lehew soils that have reddish brown colors in the subsoil

• Soils that are 10 to 20 inches deep over bedrock

• Soils with 15 to 25 percent slopes

• Soils with slopes of less than 3 percent

• Rubbly soils with 15 to 50 percent of the surface covered with stones

• Soils with less than 3 percent of the surface covered with stones

Use and Management

Uses: Most areas of this Dekalb soil are wooded.

Cropland

Suitability: Not suited

Management concerns:

Because of the stones on the surface, this soil is not suited to cultivated crops.

Pasture and Hayland

Suitability: Not suited to hay; difficult to manage for pasture

Management concerns:

• Establishing and maintaining a mixture of grasses and legumes and preventing

overgrazing are major concerns in pastured areas.

• Overgrazing causes surface compaction and increases the runoff rate and the

hazard of erosion.

• The stones on the soil surface make the operation of conventional equipment used

in clipping and applying fertilizer difficult.

• The droughtiness of this soil limits forage production during midsummer.

• In areas of this soil, water for livestock is scarce and ponds constructed for livestock

water are prone to seepage.

Management measures:

• Proper stocking rates, a uniform distribution of grazing, and a planned grazing

system help to keep pastures in good condition.

• Applying lime and fertilizer according to the results of soil tests helps to ensure

maximum growth of forages, especially legumes.

Woodland

Potential productivity: Moderate

Management concerns:

• Large stones on the soil surface can hinder harvesting operations and damage

equipment.

• Seedling mortality is a concern because of the limited depth to bedrock, the low

natural fertility, and the droughtiness of this soil.

• Stones on the soil surface and other rock fragments interfere with the planting of

seedlings.

• Because the depth to bedrock restricts the penetration of roots, trees may be

uprooted by strong winds or during periods of heavy snowfall.
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

108

Management measures:

• Planting nursery stock that is larger than is typical or planting containerized

seedlings reduces the seedling mortality rate.

• Tree planting should be timed to take full advantage of spring rains.

Community Development

Management concerns:

• The depth to bedrock is the main limitation affecting building site development,

septic tank absorption fields, excavation, and local roads and streets. In addition,

the bedrock is too hard to be excavated with conventional earthmoving equipment

in most areas.

• Large stones may interfere with the operation of construction equipment.

• Establishing and maintaining vegetation on roadbanks is difficult on this droughty

soil, especially on south-facing slopes.

• Large stones on the soil surface may interfere with the establishment of lawns and

landscaping.

• The hazard of erosion is moderate or severe on construction sites.

Management measures:

• Building on the bedrock and adding extra fill when landscaping may be preferable to

excavating the bedrock.

• Selecting areas of the deepest soils as sites for septic tank absorption fields,

installing the absorption field on the contour, and enlarging the absorption field help

to overcome the depth to bedrock.

• Drought-tolerant species, such as tall fescue and crownvetch, should be selected

for planting on roadbanks.

• Maintaining the plant cover on construction sites, establishing a plant cover in

unprotected areas, and providing for the proper disposal of surface runoff help to

control erosion and sedimentation.

Interpretive Groups

Land capability classification: 7s

Prime farmland: No

Hydric soil: No

DrE—Dekalb-Rock outcrop complex, 15 to 25 percent

slopes, rubbly

Setting

Landscape position: Narrow ridges; mainly on Sleepy Creek, Cacapon, and Sideling

Hill Mountains (fig. 7)

Note: The ridges have exposed “hogbacks” of sandstone outcrops. The Dekalb soil

and the Rock outcrop are so intermingled on the landscape that it was not

practical to map them separately.

Composition

Dekalb soil and similar soils: 70 percent

Rock outcrop: 15 percent

Dissimilar inclusions: 15 percent

Typical Profile

Dekalb

Surface layer:

0 to 1 inch—bouldery organic duff from hardwood leaf litter

1 to 3 inches—very dark gray channery sandy loam
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

109

Subsurface layer:

3 to 6 inches—brown very channery sandy loam

Subsoil:

6 to 24 inches—brownish yellow very channery sandy loam

Underlying material:

24 to 34 inches—yellowish brown extremely flaggy sandy loam

Bedrock:

34 inches—fractured, gray sandstone

Rock outcrop

The Rock outcrop consists of exposed sandstone bedrock. It forms nearly vertical

cliffs in some areas.

Soil Properties and Qualities

Dekalb

Drainage class: Somewhat excessively drained

Permeability: Rapid (6.0 to 20 inches per hour)

Available water capacity: Very low or low

Seasonal high water table: None

Figure 7.—An area of Dekalb-Rock outcrop complex, 15 to 25 percent slopes, rubbly, on the crest of

Sideling Hill Mountain.
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

110

Flooding: None

Shrink-swell potential: Low

Hazard of water erosion: Severe or very severe

Percentage of the surface covered by rock fragments: 15 to 50 percent covered with

rocks and boulders

Natural fertility: Low

Reaction: In unlimed areas, extremely acid to strongly acid (pH 3.5 to 5.5)

Surface runoff: Low

Depth to bedrock: 20 to 40 inches

Bedrock type: Mainly acid sandstone; in places interbedded with shale and siltstone

Minor Components

Dissimilar inclusions:

• The very deep Hazleton soils

• The very deep Vanderlip soils, which have loamy sand or sand textures throughout

Similar soils:

• The well drained Berks soils

• Schaffenaker soils, which have loamy sand or sand textures throughout

• Shallow soils that are less than 20 inches deep over bedrock

• Soils with slopes of 8 to 15 percent or more than 25 percent

Use and Management

Uses: Areas of this map unit are wooded.

Cropland

Suitability: Not suited

Management concerns:

• Because of the slope, the stones and boulders on the soil surface, and the Rock

outcrop, this map unit is not suited to cultivated crops.

Pasture and Hayland

Suitability: Not suited

Management concerns:

• Because of the slope, the stones and boulders on the soil surface, and the Rock

outcrop, this soil is not suited to pasture and hay.

Woodland

Potential productivity: Moderate

Management concerns:

• Erosion is a hazard on logging roads and skid trails.

• Seedling mortality is a concern because of the limited depth to bedrock, the low

natural fertility, and the droughtiness of this Dekalb soil.

• The stones and boulders on the soil surface can hinder harvesting operations and

damage equipment.

• Short escarpments within this map unit may interfere with the use of harvesting

equipment.

• Because the depth to bedrock restricts the penetration of roots, trees may be

uprooted by strong winds or during periods of heavy snowfall.

• The trees produced on these soils generally are of low commercial value.

Management measures:

• Erosion can be minimized by building roads and skid trails on the contour; seeding

roads, trails, and areas that have been cut and filled to perennial grasses and

legumes; and installing water bars and culverts.

• Rock outcrops should be considered when planning road locations and landing

sites.
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

111

• Logging roads should be designed so that their grade is less than 15 percent

whenever possible.

• Planting nursery stock that is larger than is typical or planting containerized

seedlings reduces the seedling mortality rate.

• Tree planting should be timed to take full advantage of spring rains.

Community Development

Management concerns:

• This map unit is generally unsuited to community development.

• The moderately steep or steep slopes, the common areas of sandstone rock

outcrop, and the depth to hard bedrock are the main limitations affecting building

site development, septic tank absorption fields, and local roads and streets.

Interpretive Groups

Land capability classification: Dekalb—7s; Rock outcrop—8s

Prime farmland: No

Hydric soil: No

DsB—Downsville gravelly loam, 3 to 8 percent slopes

Setting

Landscape position: Gently sloping, convex, slightly dissected, old river terraces; high

above the Potomac River

Composition

Downsville soil and similar soils: 85 percent

Dissimilar inclusions: 15 percent

Typical Profile

Surface layer:

0 to 10 inches—dark yellowish brown gravelly loam

Subsoil:

10 to 18 inches—yellowish brown gravelly loam

18 to 30 inches—strong brown very gravelly loam

30 to 41 inches—yellowish red very gravelly clay loam

41 to 99 inches—red very gravelly sandy clay loam

Soil Properties and Qualities

Drainage class: Well drained

Permeability: Moderate (0.6 inch to 6.0 inches per hour)

Available water capacity: Moderate or high

Seasonal high water table: None

Flooding: None

Shrink-swell potential: Low

Hazard of water erosion: Moderate

Percentage of the surface covered by rock fragments: None

Natural fertility: Low

Reaction: In unlimed areas, very strongly acid or strongly acid (pH 4.5 to 5.5)

Surface runoff: Medium

Depth to bedrock: More than 60 inches

Minor Components

Dissimilar inclusions:

• Small areas of the moderately well drained Monongahela soils
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

112

• Small areas of the moderately deep Berks soils

• Small areas of the moderately deep Calvin soils

Similar soils:

• The well drained Allegheny soils

• Soils with slopes of less than 3 percent or more than 8 percent

Use and Management

Uses: Most areas of this Downsville soil are cleared and are used for cultivated crops

or hay. Some are used for community development. A few are wooded.

Cropland

Suitability: Suited

Management concerns:

• The hazard of erosion is moderate in unprotected areas.

• In some areas, the gravel and cobbles in the surface layer may interfere with

the use of tillage and planting equipment and with some types of harvesting

equipment.

Management measures:

• Conservation tillage, contour farming, cover crops, a cropping sequence that

includes grasses and legumes, and crop residue management help to control

erosion and to maintain fertility and tilth.

• Designing fertilizer applications to meet crop nutrient needs, using split fertilizer

applications, and applying fertilizer in bands minimize the loss of nutrients by

leaching.

Pasture and Hayland

Suitability: Suited

Management concerns:

• Establishing and maintaining a mixture of grasses and legumes and preventing

overgrazing are major concerns in pastured areas.

• Erosion is a moderate hazard if the plant cover is removed by overgrazing.

• Overgrazing causes surface compaction, increases the runoff rate and the hazard

of erosion, and reduces the vigor of the plant cover.

Management measures:

• Proper stocking rates, a uniform distribution of grazing, and a planned grazing

system help to keep pastures in good condition.

• Applying lime and fertilizer according to the results of soil tests helps to ensure

maximum growth of forages, especially legumes.

Woodland

Potential productivity: Moderately high

Management concerns:

• Competition from weeds may slow the growth of planted tree seedlings.

• Erosion is a hazard on logging roads and skid trails.

Management measures:

• Adequate site preparation helps to control initial plant competition in tree

plantations, and spraying helps to control subsequent competition.

• Building logging roads and skid trails on the contour and seeding the roads and

trails after the trees are logged help to control erosion.

Community Development

Management concerns:

• The gravel and cobbles in the surface layer may interfere with the establishment of

lawns and landscaping.

• Erosion is a moderate hazard on construction sites.
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

113

Management measures:

• Maintaining the plant cover on construction sites, establishing a plant cover in

unprotected areas, and providing for the proper disposal of surface runoff help

to control erosion and sedimentation of streams.

Interpretive Groups

Land capability classification: 2e

Prime farmland: Yes

Hydric soil: No

DsC—Downsville gravelly loam, 8 to 15 percent

slopes

Setting

Landscape position: Strongly sloping, convex, slightly dissected river terraces;

high above the Potomac River

Composition

Downsville soil and similar soils: 80 percent

Dissimilar inclusions: 20 percent

Typical Profile

Surface layer:

0 to 7 inches—dark yellowish brown gravelly loam

Subsoil:

7 to 15 inches—yellowish brown gravelly loam

15 to 27 inches—strong brown very gravelly loam

27 to 38 inches—yellowish red very gravelly clay loam

38 to 99 inches—red very gravelly sandy clay loam

Soil Properties and Qualities

Drainage class: Well drained

Permeability: Moderate (0.6 inch to 6.0 inches per hour)

Available water capacity: Moderate or high

Seasonal high water table: None

Flooding: None

Shrink-swell potential: Low

Hazard of water erosion: Severe

Percentage of the surface covered by rock fragments: None

Natural fertility: Low

Reaction: In unlimed areas, very strongly acid or strongly acid (pH 4.5 to 5.5)

Surface runoff: Medium

Depth to bedrock: More than 60 inches

Minor Components

Dissimilar inclusions:

• Small areas of the moderately well drained Monongahela soils

• Small areas of the moderately deep Berks soils

• Small areas of the moderately deep Calvin soils

Similar soils:

• The well drained Allegheny soils

• Soils with slopes of less than 8 percent or more than 15 percent
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

114

Use and Management

Uses: Most of the acreage of this Downsville soil is wooded. Some areas are used

for community development. Other areas have been cleared and are used for

cultivated crops, hay and pasture, or orchards.

Cropland

Suitability: Suited

Management concerns:

• Erosion is a severe hazard in unprotected areas.

• In some areas, the gravel and cobbles in the surface layer may interfere with

the use of tillage and planting equipment and with some types of harvesting

equipment.

Management measures:

• Conservation tillage, contour farming, cover crops, a cropping sequence that

includes grasses and legumes, and crop residue management help to control

erosion and to maintain fertility and tilth.

• Designing fertilizer applications to meet crop nutrient needs, using split fertilizer

applications, and applying fertilizer in bands minimize the loss of nutrients by

leaching.

Pasture and Hayland

Suitability: Suited

Management concerns:

• Establishing and maintaining a mixture of grasses and legumes and preventing

overgrazing are major concerns in pastured areas.

• Erosion is a severe hazard if the plant cover is removed by overgrazing.

• Overgrazing causes surface compaction, increases the runoff rate and the hazard

of erosion, and reduces the vigor of the plant cover.

Management measures:

• Proper stocking rates, a uniform distribution of grazing, and a planned grazing

system help to keep pastures in good condition.

• Applying lime and fertilizer according to the results of soil tests helps to ensure

maximum growth of forages, especially legumes.

Woodland

Potential productivity: Moderately high

Management concerns:

• Competition from weeds may slow the growth of planted tree seedlings.

• Erosion is a hazard on logging roads and skid trails.

Management measures:

• Adequate site preparation helps to control initial plant competition in tree

plantations, and spraying helps to control subsequent competition.

• Building logging roads and skid trails on the contour and seeding the roads and

trails after the trees are logged help to control erosion.

Community Development

Management concerns:

• The slope is a moderate limitation affecting most urban uses. Land shaping is

necessary in some areas.

• The gravel and cobbles in the surface layer may interfere with the establishment of

lawns and landscaping.

• Erosion is a severe hazard on construction sites.

Management measures:

• Buildings should be designed so that they conform to the natural slope of the

land.

• Septic tank absorption fields should be installed on the contour.
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

115

• Maintaining the plant cover on construction sites, establishing a plant cover in

unprotected areas, and providing for the proper disposal of surface runoff help to

control erosion and sedimentation of streams.

Interpretive Groups

Land capability classification: 3e

Prime farmland: No

Hydric soil: No

Dz—Dunning silty clay loam

Setting

Landscape position: Level, slightly concave flood plains and streamheads

Composition

Dunning soil and similar soils: 85 percent

Dissimilar inclusions: 15 percent

Typical Profile

Surface layer:

0 to 9 inches—very dark gray silty clay loam with reddish brown redoximorphic

features

9 to 12 inches—very dark grayish brown silty clay loam with reddish brown

redoximorphic features

Subsoil:

12 to 28 inches—gray clay with reddish brown and strong brown redoximorphic

features

28 to 46 inches—gray silty clay with reddish brown and grayish brown redoximorphic

features

Underlying material:

46 to 65 inches—gray silty clay stratified with light yellowish brown and dark gray

gravelly sandy loam, silt loam, and clay loam

Soil Properties and Qualities

Drainage class: Poorly drained or very poorly drained

Permeability: Slow (0.06 to 0.2 inch per hour) in the surface layer and subsoil and

slow or moderate (0.06 inch to 2.0 inches per hour) in the underlying material

Available water capacity: High

Seasonal high water table: Within a depth of 0.5 foot

Flooding: Frequency—occasional (5 to 50 percent chance in any year); duration—

brief

Shrink-swell potential: Moderate

Hazard of water erosion: Slight

Percentage of the surface covered by rock fragments: None

Natural fertility: High

Reaction: In unlimed areas, moderately acid to slightly alkaline throughout (pH 5.6 to

7.8)

Surface runoff: Negligible; some areas occasionally ponded for long periods of time

Depth to bedrock: More than 60 inches

Minor Components

Dissimilar inclusions:

• The moderately well drained Lindside soils
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

116

• The somewhat poorly drained Cavode soils that are not subject to flooding

Similar soils:

• The poorly drained Melvin and Holly soils that do not have the clayey subsoil typical

of the Dunning soil

• Soils that do not have the thick, dark surface layer typical of the Dunning soil

• Soils that are 40 to 60 inches deep over bedrock

Use and Management

Uses: Most areas of this Dunning soil are wooded. In a few small areas, the soil has

been cleared and is used for pasture and hay or the acreage is idle land. Most of

the areas that have not been drained form wetlands. A Federal permit may be

required before these areas can be disturbed.

Cropland

Suitability: Poorly suited (better suited to hay or pasture)

Management concerns:

• Most climatically adapted crops cannot be grown unless an adequate drainage

system is installed.

• The seasonal wetness may delay tilling and planting in the spring.

• The flooding occasionally delays field operations or damages crops.

• This soil is subject to streambank erosion in some areas.

Management measures:

• Conservation tillage, winter cover crops, and crop residue management help to

control erosion and to maintain fertility and tilth.

• Leaving a buffer zone of trees along streams helps to prevent excessive erosion on

streambanks.

Pasture and Hayland

Suitability: Suited (better suited to grasses than to legumes because of the seasonal

high water table)

Management concerns:

• Establishing and maintaining a healthy cover of sod and preventing overgrazing are

major concerns in pastured areas.

• Grazing during wet periods results in surface compaction, poor tilth, and damage to

the sod.

• Unrestricted access to streams by livestock increases the hazards of streambank

erosion and water pollution.

Management measures:

• Proper stocking rates, a planned grazing system, and deferred grazing during wet

periods help to keep pastures in good condition.

• Restricted grazing during wet periods helps to prevent compaction and poor tilth.

• The hay and pasture species that can withstand the seasonal wetness should be

selected for seeding.

• Streambanks should be fenced, and access to streams by livestock should be

limited to protected crossings.

• Applying lime and fertilizer according to the results of soil tests helps to ensure

maximum growth of forage plants.

Woodland

Potential productivity: Moderately high

Management concerns:

• Because of the wetness, equipment can only be used during the dry summer

months and in winter when the soil is frozen.

• The seasonal high water table may restrict the rooting depth of some trees,

resulting in a high seedling mortality rate and windthrow damage.
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

117

• Competition from weeds may slow the growth of planted tree seedlings.

• Plant competition is severe when openings are made in the canopy.

Management measures:

• The addition of roadfill and gravel is needed on sites for year-round logging roads.

• The tree species that can withstand the seasonal wetness should be selected for

planting.

• Windthrow can be minimized by harvest methods that do not leave the remaining

trees widely spaced.

• Adequate site preparation helps to control initial plant competition in tree

plantations, and spraying helps to control subsequent competition.

Community Development

Management concerns:

• Because of the flooding, the ponding, and the wetness, this soil is not suited to

building site development.

• Because of the flooding, the wetness, and the slow permeability, this soil is not

suitable as a site for septic tank absorption fields.

• The flooding, low strength, and the wetness are severe limitations affecting the

construction of local roads and streets.

Management measures:

• A better suited soil should be considered as a site for buildings and septic tank

absorption fields.

• Constructing roads on raised fill material and installing a drainage system help to

overcome the limitations affecting local roads and streets.

Interpretive Groups

Land capability classification: 4w

Prime farmland: No

Hydric soil: Yes

ErB—Ernest silt loam, 3 to 8 percent slopes

Setting

Landscape position: Gently sloping, slightly concave footslopes and toeslopes and

convex alluvial/colluvial fans at the mouth of hollows; mainly along Sleepy Creek

and its tributaries

Composition

Ernest soil and similar soils: 85 percent

Dissimilar inclusions: 15 percent

Typical Profile

Surface layer:

0 to 7 inches—brown silt loam

Subsurface layer:

7 to 13 inches—light yellowish brown silt loam

Subsoil:

13 to 27 inches—brownish yellow channery silty clay loam with light gray

redoximorphic features

27 to 43 inches—strong brown, firm and brittle channery silty clay loam with light gray

redoximorphic features

43 to 65 inches—brown, firm and brittle channery silt loam with light gray and reddish

yellow redoximorphic features
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

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Soil Properties and Qualities

Drainage class: Moderately well drained

Permeability: Moderate (0.6 inch to 2.0 inches per hour) above the firm layer in

the subsoil and moderately slow or slow (0.06 to 0.6 inch per hour) in the firm

layer

Available water capacity: Moderate

Depth to the seasonal high water table: 1.0 to 3.0 feet

Flooding: None

Shrink-swell potential: Moderate

Hazard of water erosion: Moderate

Percentage of the surface covered by rock fragments: None

Natural fertility: Low

Reaction: In unlimed areas, very strongly acid or strongly acid (pH 4.5 to 5.5)

throughout

Surface runoff: Medium

Depth to bedrock: More than 60 inches

Minor Components

Dissimilar inclusions:

• The poorly drained Brinkerton soils in depressions and swales

• The moderately deep, well drained Berks soils

• The moderately deep, somewhat poorly drained Clearbrook soils

• The moderately well drained Philo soils and the poorly drained Holly soils that are

along narrow drainageways and are subject to flooding

Similar soils:

• The moderately well drained Monongahela soils

• The moderately well drained Buchanan soils

• The moderately well drained Sideling soils

• The Hustontown soils that have a reddish brown subsoil

• Soils that have a channery or gravelly surface layer

• Soils with slopes of less than 3 percent or more than 8 percent

Use and Management

Uses: Most areas of this Ernest soil have been cleared and are used for hay and

pasture or as homesites. A few areas are used for crops. Some areas are

wooded.

Cropland

Suitability: Suited

Management concerns:

• The hazard of erosion is moderate in unprotected areas.

• The seasonal high water table and the firm layer in the subsoil may restrict the

rooting depth of some crops.

• The wetness may delay planting in the spring.

Management measures:

• Conservation tillage, contour farming, winter cover crops, and crop residue

management help to control erosion and to maintain fertility and tilth.

Pasture and Hayland

Suitability: Suited (better suited to grasses than to legumes because of the seasonal

high water table)

Management concerns:

• Establishing and maintaining a healthy cover of sod and preventing overgrazing are

major concerns in pastured areas.
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

119

• Erosion is a moderate hazard if the sod is removed by overgrazing.

• Overgrazing causes surface compaction, increases the runoff rate and the

hazard of erosion, and reduces the vigor of the plant cover.

• Because the soil is soft when wet, grazing early in spring damages the sod.

Management measures:

• Proper stocking rates, a planned grazing system, and deferred grazing during

wet periods help to keep pastures in good condition.

• Restricted grazing during wet periods helps to prevent compaction and poor

tilth.

• Applying lime and fertilizer according to the results of soil tests helps to ensure

maximum growth of forage plants.

Woodland

Potential productivity: Moderately high

Management concerns:

• Erosion is a hazard on logging roads and skid trails.

• The seasonal high water table and the firm layer in the subsoil may restrict the

rooting depth of some trees, resulting in windthrow damage.

• Because this soil is soft when wet, the use of logging equipment during wet

periods will result in excessive rutting.

• Competition from weeds may slow the growth of planted tree seedlings.

Management measures:

• Building logging roads and skid trails on the contour and seeding the roads and

trails after the trees are logged help to control erosion.

• Adequate site preparation helps to control initial plant competition in tree

plantations, and spraying helps to control subsequent competition.

Community Development

Management concerns:

• The seasonal high water table is the main limitation affecting building site

development and septic tank absorption fields.

• The slow permeability is an additional limitation on sites for septic tank absorption

fields.

• Low strength is a limitation on sites for local roads and streets. Because the soil is

soft when wet, pavement may crack under heavy loads.

• Erosion is a moderate hazard on construction sites.

Management measures:

• Installing a drainage system around buildings with basements or crawl spaces

helps to overcome the wetness.

• Installing tile drainage lines upslope from absorption fields helps to overcome the

wetness.

• Enlarging absorption fields and installing distribution lines on the contour help to

overcome the restricted permeability in the subsoil.

• Installing a drainage system and providing a suitable road base that includes the

installation of properly designed geotextiles help to prevent the road damage

caused by low strength.

• Maintaining the plant cover on construction sites, establishing a plant cover in

unprotected areas, and providing for the proper disposal of surface runoff help to

control erosion and sedimentation.

Interpretive Groups

Land capability classification: 2e

Prime farmland: No

Hydric soil: No
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

120

ErC—Ernest silt loam, 8 to 15 percent slopes

Setting

Landscape position: Strongly sloping, slightly concave footslopes and toeslopes and

convex alluvial/colluvial fans at the mouth of hollows; mainly along Sleepy Creek

and its tributaries

Composition

Ernest soil and similar soils: 80 percent

Dissimilar inclusions: 20 percent

Typical Profile

Surface layer:

0 to 6 inches—brown silt loam

Subsurface layer:

6 to 12 inches—light yellowish brown silt loam

Subsoil:

12 to 26 inches—brownish yellow channery silty clay loam with light gray

redoximorphic features

26 to 42 inches—strong brown, firm and brittle channery silty clay loam with light gray

redoximorphic features

42 to 65 inches—brown, firm and brittle channery silt loam with light gray and reddish

yellow redoximorphic features

Soil Properties and Qualities

Drainage class: Moderately well drained

Permeability: Moderate (0.6 inch to 2.0 inches per hour) above the firm layer in the

subsoil and moderately slow or slow (0.06 to 0.6 inch per hour) in the firm layer

Available water capacity: Moderate

Depth to the seasonal high water table: 1.0 to 3.0 feet

Flooding: None

Shrink-swell potential: Moderate

Hazard of water erosion: Severe

Percentage of the surface covered by rock fragments: None

Natural fertility: Low

Reaction: In unlimed areas, very strongly acid or strongly acid (pH 4.5 to 5.5)

throughout

Surface runoff: Medium

Depth to bedrock: More than 60 inches

Minor Components

Dissimilar inclusions:

• The moderately deep, well drained Berks soils

• The excessively drained Rushtown soils

• The moderately deep, somewhat poorly drained Clearbrook soils

• The poorly drained Brinkerton soils along drainageways

Similar soils:

• The moderately well drained Monongahela soils

• The moderately well drained Buchanan soils

• The moderately well drained Sideling soils

• The Hustontown soils that are reddish brown in the subsoil

• Soils with a channery or gravelly surface layer

• Soils with slopes of less than 8 percent or more than 15 percent
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

121

Use and Management

Uses: Most areas of this Ernest soil have been cleared and are used for hay

and pasture or as homesites. A few areas are used for crops. Some are

wooded.

Cropland

Suitability: Suited

Management concerns:

• The hazard of erosion is severe in unprotected areas.

• The seasonal high water table and the firm layer in the subsoil may restrict the

rooting depth of some crops.

• The wetness may delay planting in the spring.

Management measures:

• Conservation tillage, contour farming, winter cover crops, and crop residue

management help to control erosion and to maintain fertility and tilth.

Pasture and Hayland

Suitability: Suited (better suited to grasses than to legumes because of the seasonal

high water table)

Management concerns:

• Establishing and maintaining a healthy cover of sod and preventing overgrazing are

major concerns in pastured areas.

• Erosion is a severe hazard if the sod is removed by overgrazing.

• Overgrazing causes surface compaction, increases the runoff rate and the hazard

of erosion, and reduces the vigor of the plant cover.

• Because the soil is soft when wet, grazing early in spring damages the sod.

Management measures:

• Proper stocking rates, a planned grazing system, and deferred grazing during wet

periods help to keep pastures in good condition.

• Restricted grazing during wet periods helps to prevent compaction and poor

tilth.

• Applying lime and fertilizer according to the results of soil tests helps to ensure

maximum growth of forage plants.

Woodland

Potential productivity: Moderately high

Management concerns:

• Erosion is a severe hazard on logging roads and skid trails.

• The seasonal high water table and the firm layer in the subsoil may restrict the

rooting depth of some trees, which increases the windthrow hazard.

• Because this soil is soft when wet, the use of logging equipment during wet periods

will result in excessive rutting.

• Competition from weeds may slow the growth of planted tree seedlings.

Management measures:

• Building logging roads and skid trails on the contour and seeding the roads and

trails after the trees are logged help to control erosion.

• Adequate site preparation helps to control initial plant competition in tree

plantations, and spraying helps to control subsequent competition.

Community Development

Management concerns:

• The seasonal high water table is the main limitation affecting building site

development and septic tank absorption fields.

• The slope is a limitation affecting community development. It increases the hazard

of erosion and the extent of excavation required during the construction of roads

and buildings.
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

122

• The slow permeability is an additional limitation on sites for septic tank absorption

fields.

• Low strength is a limitation on sites for local roads and streets. Because the soil is

soft when wet, pavement may crack under heavy loads.

• Erosion is a severe hazard on construction sites.

Management measures:

• Installing a drainage system around buildings with basements or crawl spaces

helps to overcome the wetness.

• Installing tile drainage lines upslope from absorption fields helps to overcome the

wetness.

• Increasing the size of absorption fields and installing distribution lines on the

contour help to compensate for the restricted permeability in the subsoil.

• Installing a drainage system and providing a suitable road base that includes the

installation of properly designed geotextiles help to prevent the road damage

caused by low strength.

• Building roads and streets on the contour helps to overcome the slope.

• Maintaining the plant cover on construction sites, establishing a plant cover

in unprotected areas, and providing for the proper disposal of surface runoff

help to control erosion and sedimentation.

Interpretive Groups

Land capability classification: 3e

Prime farmland: No

Hydric soil: No

HaE—Hazleton-Dekalb complex, 15 to 35 percent slopes,

extremely stony

Setting

Landscape position: Moderately steep or steep hillsides; mainly on Cacapon

Mountain, Tonoloway Ridge, Sideling Hill, and Purslane Mountain; Hazleton—

linear or concave, middle and lower parts of hillsides; Dekalb—convex shoulder

slopes, nose slopes, and the upper part of hillsides

Note: The two soils occur as areas so intermingled on the landscape that it was

impractical to separate them in mapping.

Composition

Hazleton soil and similar soils: 45 percent

Dekalb soil and similar soils: 40 percent

Dissimilar inclusions: 15 percent

Typical Profile

Hazleton

Surface layer:

0 to 2 inches—extremely stony, organic duff from hardwood leaf litter

2 to 5 inches—very dark brown channery loam

Subsurface layer:

5 to 12 inches—dark yellowish brown channery sandy loam

Subsoil:

12 to 16 inches—yellowish brown very channery loam

16 to 38 inches—strong brown very channery loam

38 to 49 inches—strong brown very channery sandy loam
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

123

Underlying material:

49 to 65 inches—strong brown very channery sandy loam

Dekalb

Surface layer:

0 to 1 inch—extremely stony, organic duff from hardwood leaf litter

1 to 4 inches—very dark brown channery sandy loam

Subsurface layer:

4 to 6 inches—grayish brown very channery loamy sand

Subsoil:

6 to 15 inches—yellowish brown very channery sandy loam

15 to 24 inches—brown very channery sandy loam

Bedrock:

24 inches—fractured, gray sandstone

Soil Properties and Qualities

Hazleton

Drainage class: Well drained

Permeability: Moderately rapid or rapid (2.0 to 20 inches per hour)

Available water capacity: Moderate or high

Seasonal high water table: None

Flooding: None

Shrink-swell potential: Low

Hazard of water erosion: Very severe

Percentage of the surface covered by rock fragments: 3 to 15 percent covered with

stones and boulders

Natural fertility: Low

Reaction: In unlimed areas, extremely acid or strongly acid (pH 3.5 to 5.5)

Surface runoff: Low

Depth to bedrock: More than 60 inches

Bedrock type: Interbedded, acid sandstone, shale, and siltstone

Dekalb

Drainage class: Somewhat excessively drained

Permeability: Rapid (6.0 to 20 inches per hour)

Available water capacity: Very low or low

Seasonal high water table: None

Flooding: None

Shrink-swell potential: Low

Hazard of water erosion: Very severe

Percentage of the surface covered by rock fragments: 3 to 15 percent covered with

stones and boulders

Natural fertility: Low

Reaction: In unlimed areas, extremely acid to strongly acid (pH 3.5 to 5.5)

Surface runoff: Low

Depth to bedrock: 20 to 40 inches

Bedrock type: Mainly acid sandstone; interbedded with shale and siltstone in some

areas

Minor Components

Dissimilar inclusions:

• The moderately well drained Buchanan soils, which are on the less sloping

benches and the lower part of hillsides
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

124

• Very rubbly soils that have more than 50 percent of their surface covered with

stones and boulders

• Areas of rock outcrop

Similar soils:

• The well drained Berks soils, which are on nose slopes and are underlain by shale

• The well drained, reddish Calvin soils on convex nose slopes

• Soils with slopes of less than 15 percent or more than 35 percent

• Areas where stones cover less than 3 percent of the surface

• Rubbly soils that have 15 to 50 percent of their surface covered with stones and

boulders

Use and Management

Uses: Most areas of these Hazleton and Dekalb soils are wooded.

Cropland

Suitability: Not suited

Management concerns:

• Because of the steep slopes and the stones on the surface, these soils are not

suited to cultivated crops.

Pasture and Hayland

Suitability: Not suited to hay; difficult to manage for pasture

Management concerns:

• The slope and the stones and boulders on the soil surface make the operation of

conventional equipment used in clipping and applying fertilizer difficult.

• Overgrazing causes surface compaction and increases the runoff rate and the

hazard of erosion.

• If pastures are overgrazed, erosion is a very severe hazard in areas where the plant

cover has been destroyed.

Management measures:

• Proper stocking rates, a uniform distribution of grazing, and a planned grazing

system help to keep pastures in good condition.

• Applying lime and fertilizer according to the results of soil tests helps to ensure the

maximum growth of forage, especially legumes.

Woodland

Potential productivity: Moderate on south aspects; moderate or moderately high on

north aspects

Management concerns:

• Erosion is a hazard on logging roads and skid trails.

• The large stones on the soil surface can hinder harvesting operations and damage

equipment.

• Seedling mortality is a concern in areas of the droughty Dekalb soil, especially on

south aspects.

• Competition from weeds may slow the growth of planted tree seedlings in areas of

the Hazleton soil.

• Because the bedrock restricts the growth of roots, trees may be uprooted by

strong winds or during periods of heavy snowfall, especially in areas of the Dekalb

soil.

Management measures:

• The hazard of erosion can be reduced by building logging roads and skid trails

on the contour; seeding logging roads, log landings, and areas that have been

cut and filled to perennial grasses and legumes; and installing water bars and

culverts.
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

125

• Logging roads should be designed so that their grade is less than 15 percent

whenever possible.

• Planting nursery stock that is larger than is typical or planting containerized

seedlings reduces the seedling mortality rate.

• Tree planting should be timed so that seedlings can take full advantage of spring

rains.

• Adequately preparing the site helps to control the initial plant competition in tree

plantations, and spraying helps to control subsequent competition.

Community Development

Management concerns:

• The slope is a severe limitation on sites for buildings, septic tank absorption fields,

and local roads and streets. Extensive land shaping is necessary in most areas.

• The depth to hard bedrock is a severe limitation in areas of the Dekalb soil. In many

areas, the bedrock has to be blasted before it can be excavated.

• Erosion is a very severe hazard on construction sites.

Management measures:

• Selecting areas of the very deep Hazleton soil as a site for septic tank absorption

fields, installing distribution lines on the contour, selecting the less sloping areas as

sites for absorption fields, and land shaping help to overcome the limitations in

absorption areas.

• Buildings should be designed so that they conform to the natural slope of the land.

Land shaping is necessary in most areas.

• Maintaining the plant cover on construction sites, establishing a plant cover in

unprotected areas, and providing for the proper disposal of surface runoff help to

control erosion and sedimentation.

Interpretive Groups

Land capability classification: 7s

Prime farmland: No

Hydric soil: No

HaF—Hazleton-Dekalb complex, 35 to 65 percent slopes,

extremely stony

Setting

Landscape position: Very steep mountainsides; mainly on Third Hill Mountain, Sleepy

Creek Mountain, and Tonoloway Ridge; Hazleton—linear or concave, middle and

lower parts of hillsides; Dekalb—convex shoulder slopes, nose slopes, and the

upper part of hillsides

Note: The two soils occur as areas so intermingled on the landscape that it was

impractical to separate them in mapping.

Composition

Hazleton soil and similar soils: 55 percent

Dekalb soil and similar soils: 25 percent

Dissimilar inclusions: 20 percent

Typical Profile

Hazleton

Surface layer:

0 to 2 inches—extremely stony, organic duff from hardwood leaf litter

2 to 5 inches—very dark brown channery loam
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

126

Subsurface layer:

5 to 12 inches—dark yellowish brown channery sandy loam

Subsoil:

12 to 16 inches—yellowish brown very channery loam

16 to 38 inches—strong brown very channery loam

38 to 49 inches—strong brown very channery sandy loam

Underlying material:

49 to 65 inches—strong brown very channery sandy loam

Dekalb

Surface layer:

0 to 1 inch—extremely stony, organic duff from hardwood leaf litter

1 to 4 inches—very dark brown channery sandy loam

Subsurface layer:

4 to 6 inches—grayish brown very channery loamy sand

Subsoil:

6 to 15 inches—yellowish brown very channery sandy loam

15 to 24 inches—brown very channery sandy loam

Bedrock:

24 inches—fractured, gray sandstone

Soil Properties and Qualities

Hazleton

Drainage class: Well drained

Permeability: Moderately rapid or rapid (2.0 to 20 inches per hour)

Available water capacity: Moderate or high

Seasonal high water table: None

Flooding: None

Shrink-swell potential: Low

Hazard of water erosion: Very severe

Percentage of the surface covered by rock fragments: 3 to 15 percent covered with

stones

Natural fertility: Low

Reaction: In unlimed areas, extremely acid to strongly acid (pH 3.5 to 5.5)

Surface runoff: Low

Depth to bedrock: More than 60 inches

Bedrock type: Interbedded, acid sandstone, shale, and siltstone

Dekalb

Drainage class: Somewhat excessively drained

Permeability: Rapid (6.0 to 20 inches per hour)

Available water capacity: Very low or low

Seasonal high water table: None

Flooding: None

Shrink-swell potential: Low

Hazard of water erosion: Very severe

Percentage of the surface covered by rock fragments: 3 to 15 percent covered with

stones

Natural fertility: Low

Reaction: In unlimed areas, extremely acid to strongly acid (pH 3.5 to 5.5)

Surface runoff: Low

Depth to bedrock: 20 to 40 inches
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

127

Bedrock type: Mainly acid sandstone; interbedded with shale and siltstone in some

areas

Minor Components

Dissimilar inclusions:

• The moderately well drained Buchanan and Sideling soils, which are on the less

sloping benches and the lower part of the mountainsides

• Very rubbly soils that have more than 50 percent of their surface covered with

stones and boulders

• Areas of rock outcrop

Similar soils:

• The well drained Berks soils

• The reddish, well drained Calvin soils

• Soils with slopes of less than 35 percent or more than 65 percent

Use and Management

Uses: Most areas of these Hazleton and Dekalb soils are wooded.

Cropland

Suitability: Not suited

Management concerns:

• Because of the very steep slopes and the stones on the surface, these soils are not

suited to cultivated crops.

Pasture and Hayland

Suitability: Not suited

Management concerns:

• Because of the very steep slopes, the severe hazard of erosion, and the stones on

the surface, these soils are not suited to pasture or hay.

Woodland

Potential productivity: Moderate on south aspects; moderate or moderately high on

north aspects

Management concerns:

• Erosion is a severe hazard on logging roads and skid trails.

• Operating logging equipment is hazardous because of the very steep slopes.

• The large stones on the soil surface can hinder harvesting operations and damage

equipment.

• Seedling mortality is a concern in areas of the droughty Dekalb soil, especially on

south aspects.

• Because the bedrock restricts the growth of roots, trees may be uprooted by strong

winds or during periods of heavy snowfall, especially in areas of the Dekalb soil.

Management measures:

• Because of the slope, special care is needed in laying out logging roads and log

landings and in operating logging equipment. Logging roads should be designed so

that they conform to the topography.

• Logging roads should be designed so that their grade is less than 15 percent

whenever possible.

• Because of the hazard of erosion, water should be removed from logging roads by

water bars, outsloping or insloping road surfaces, culverts, and drop structures.

• Seeding logging roads, skid trails, and log landings to perennial grasses and

legumes after the trees are logged helps to prevent excessive erosion.

• Planting nursery stock that is larger than is typical or planting containerized

seedlings reduces the seedling mortality rate.
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

128

• Tree planting should be timed so that seedlings can take full advantage of spring

rains.

Community Development

Management concerns:

• The very steep slopes and the limited depth to bedrock in areas of the Dekalb soils

are severe limitations affecting community development.

• The Hazleton and Dekalb soils are generally unsuited to building site development,

septic tank absorption fields, and local roads and streets.

Interpretive Groups

Land capability classification: 7s

Prime farmland: No

Hydric soil: No

HdF—Hazleton-Dekalb-Rock outcrop complex, 35 to

65 percent slopes, rubbly

Setting

Landscape position: Very steep mountainsides; mainly the eastern aspects of

Cacapon Mountain; Hazleton—linear or concave, middle and lower parts of

mountainsides; Dekalb—convex shoulder slopes and nose slopes

Note: The two soils and the Rock outcrop occur as areas so intermingled on the

landscape that it was impractical to separate them in mapping.

Composition

Hazleton soil and similar soils: 55 percent

Dekalb soil and similar soils: 25 percent

Rock outcrop: 15 percent

Dissimilar inclusions: 5 percent

Typical Profile

Hazleton

Surface layer:

0 to 2 inches—bouldery, organic duff from hardwood leaf litter

2 to 5 inches—very dark brown channery sandy loam

Subsurface layer:

5 to 12 inches—dark yellowish brown channery sandy loam

Subsoil:

12 to 16 inches—yellowish brown very channery sandy loam

16 to 49 inches—strong brown very channery sandy loam

Underlying material:

49 to 65 inches—strong brown very channery loamy sand

Dekalb

Surface layer:

0 to 1 inch—bouldery, organic duff from hardwood leaf litter

1 to 4 inches—very dark brown channery sandy loam

Subsurface layer:

4 to 6 inches—grayish brown very channery loamy sand
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

129

Subsoil:

6 to 15 inches—yellowish brown very channery sandy loam

15 to 24 inches—brown very channery sandy loam

Bedrock:

24 inches—fractured, gray sandstone

Rock outcrop

The Rock outcrop occurs as areas of exposed sandstone bedrock. In some areas

it forms nearly vertical cliffs.

Soil Properties and Qualities

Hazleton

Drainage class: Well drained

Permeability: Moderately rapid or rapid (2.0 to 20 inches per hour)

Available water capacity: Moderate or high

Seasonal high water table: None

Flooding: None

Shrink-swell potential: Low

Hazard of water erosion: Very severe

Percentage of the surface covered by rock fragments: 15 to 50 percent covered with

stones and boulders

Natural fertility: Low

Reaction: In unlimed areas, extremely acid to strongly acid (pH 3.5 to 5.5)

Surface runoff: Very low

Depth to bedrock: More than 60 inches

Bedrock type: Interbedded, acid sandstone, shale, and siltstone

Dekalb

Drainage class: Somewhat excessively drained

Permeability: Rapid (6.0 to 20 inches per hour)

Available water capacity: Very low or low

Seasonal high water table: None

Flooding: None

Shrink-swell potential: Low

Hazard of water erosion: Very severe

Percentage of the surface covered by rock fragments: 3 to 15 percent covered with

stones

Natural fertility: Low

Reaction: In unlimed areas, extremely acid to strongly acid (pH 3.5 to 5.5)

Surface runoff: Low

Depth to bedrock: 20 to 40 inches

Bedrock type: Mainly acid sandstone; interbedded with shale and siltstone in some

areas

Minor Components

Dissimilar inclusions:

• The moderately well drained Buchanan and Sideling soils on the less sloping

benches and the lower part of mountainsides

Similar inclusions:

• The well drained Berks soils

• The somewhat excessively drained Schaffenaker soils

• The somewhat excessively drained Vanderlip soils

• Extremely stony areas where stones and boulders cover 3 to 15 percent of the

surface
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

130

Use and Management

Uses: All areas of this map unit are wooded. Many areas are in Cacapon State Park

and are used for recreational activities.

Cropland

Suitability: Not suited

Management concerns:

• Because of the very steep slopes, the Rock outcrop, and the stones and boulders

on the surface, this map unit is not suited to cultivated crops.

Pasture and Hayland

Suitability: Not suited

Management concerns:

• Because of the very steep slopes, the severe hazard of erosion, and the stones on

the soil surface, this map unit is not suited to pasture or hay.

Woodland

Potential productivity: Moderate on south aspects; moderate or moderately high on

north aspects

Management concerns:

• Erosion is a severe hazard on logging roads and skid trails.

• Operating logging equipment is hazardous because of the very steep slopes.

• The large stones and boulders on the soil surface can hinder harvesting operations

and damage equipment.

• The Rock outcrop may interfere with the use of harvesting equipment.

• Seedling mortality is a concern in areas of the droughty Dekalb soil, especially on

south aspects.

• Because the bedrock restricts the growth of roots, trees may be uprooted by strong

winds or during periods of heavy snowfall, especially in areas of the Dekalb soil.

Management measures:

• Because of the hazard of erosion, water should be removed from logging roads by

water bars, outsloping or insloping road surfaces, culverts, and drop structures.

• Seeding logging roads, skid trails, and log landings to perennial grasses and

legumes after the trees are logged helps to prevent excessive erosion.

• Because of the slope, special care is needed in laying out logging roads and log

landings and in operating logging equipment. Logging roads should be designed so

that they conform to the topography.

• Logging roads should be designed so that their grade is less than 15 percent

whenever possible.

• The Rock outcrop should be considered when planning the location of roads and

log landings.

• Because of the stones and boulders on the soil surface, wheeled skidders with high

clearance should be operated at a reduced speed over carefully chosen routes.

• Planting nursery stock that is larger than is typical or planting containerized

seedlings reduces the seedling mortality rate.

• Tree planting should be timed so that seedlings can take full advantage of spring

rains.

Community Development

Management concerns:

• The very steep slopes, the Rock outcrop, the stones and boulders on the soil

surface, and the limited depth to bedrock in areas of the Dekalb soil are severe

limitations affecting community development.

• This map unit is generally unsuited to building site development, septic tank

absorption fields, and local roads and streets.
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

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Interpretive Groups

Land capability classification: Hazleton and Dekalb—7s; Rock outcrop—8s

Prime farmland: No

Hydric soil: No

HeF—Hazleton-Dekalb-Rock outcrop complex, 35 to

65 percent slopes, very rubbly

Setting

Landscape position: Very steep mountainsides; mainly on the western aspect of

Cacapon Mountain; Hazleton—linear or concave, middle and lower parts of

mountainsides; Dekalb—convex shoulder slopes and nose slopes

Note: The two soils and the Rock outcrop occur as areas so intermingled on the

landscape that it was impractical to separate them in mapping.

Composition

Hazleton soil and similar soils: 55 percent

Dekalb soil and similar soils: 25 percent

Rock outcrop: 15 percent

Dissimilar inclusions: 5 percent

Typical Profile

Hazleton

Surface layer:

0 to 2 inches—extremely stony, organic duff from hardwood leaf litter

2 to 5 inches—very dark brown channery sandy loam

Subsurface layer:

5 to 12 inches—dark yellowish brown channery sandy loam

Subsoil:

12 to 16 inches—yellowish brown very channery sandy loam

16 to 49 inches—strong brown very channery sandy loam

Underlying material:

49 to 65 inches—strong brown very channery loamy sand

Dekalb

Surface layer:

0 to 1 inch—extremely stony, organic duff from hardwood leaf litter

1 to 4 inches—very dark brown channery sandy loam

Subsurface layer:

4 to 6 inches—grayish brown very channery loamy sand

Subsoil:

6 to 15 inches—yellowish brown very channery sandy loam

15 to 24 inches—brown very channery sandy loam

Bedrock:

24 inches—fractured, gray sandstone

Rock outcrop

The Rock outcrop occurs as areas of exposed sandstone bedrock. In some areas

it forms nearly vertical cliffs.
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

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Soil Properties and Qualities

Hazleton

Drainage class: Well drained

Permeability: Moderately rapid or rapid (2.0 to 20 inches per hour)

Available water capacity: Moderate or high

Seasonal high water table: None

Flooding: None

Shrink-swell potential: Low

Hazard of water erosion: Very severe

Percentage of the surface covered by rock fragments: 50 to 90 percent covered with

stones and boulders

Natural fertility: Low

Reaction: In unlimed areas, extremely acid to strongly acid (pH 3.5 to 5.5)

Surface runoff: Very low

Depth to bedrock: More than 60 inches

Bedrock type: Interbedded, acid sandstone, shale, and siltstone

Dekalb

Drainage class: Somewhat excessively drained

Permeability: Rapid (6.0 to 20 inches per hour)

Available water capacity: Very low or low

Seasonal high water table: None

Flooding: None

Shrink-swell potential: Low

Hazard of water erosion: Very severe

Percentage of the surface covered by rock fragments: 50 to 90 percent covered with

stones and boulders

Natural fertility: Low

Reaction: In unlimed areas, extremely acid to strongly acid (pH 3.5 to 5.5)

Surface runoff: Low

Depth to bedrock: 20 to 40 inches

Bedrock type: Mainly acid sandstone; interbedded with shale and siltstone in some

areas

Minor Components

Dissimilar inclusions:

• The moderately well drained Buchanan and Sideling soils on the less sloping

benches and the lower part of mountainsides

Similar soils:

• The well drained Berks soils

• The somewhat excessively drained Weikert soils

• The somewhat excessively drained Schaffenaker soils

• The somewhat excessively drained Vanderlip soils

• Areas of rubble land that support no vegetation and where stones and boulders

cover 100 percent of the surface

• Soils with slopes of less than 35 percent or more than 65 percent

Use and Management

Uses: All areas of this map unit are wooded. Many areas are in Cacapon State Park

and are used for recreational activities.

Cropland

Suitability: Not suited
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

133

Management concerns:

• Because of the very steep slopes, the Rock outcrop, and the very rubbly surface,

this map unit is not suited to cultivated crops.

Pasture and Hayland

Suitability: Not suited

Management concerns:

• Because of the very steep slopes, the Rock outcrop, and the very rubbly surface,

this map unit is not suited to hay or pasture.

Woodland

Potential productivity: Moderate on south aspects; moderate or moderately high on

north aspects

Management concerns:

• Erosion is a severe hazard on logging roads and skid trails.

• Operating logging equipment is hazardous because of the very steep slopes.

• The large stones and boulders on the soil surface can hinder harvesting operations

and damage equipment.

• The Rock outcrop may interfere with the use of harvesting equipment.

• Seedling mortality is a concern in areas of the droughty Dekalb soil, especially on

south aspects.

• Because the bedrock restricts the growth of roots, trees may be uprooted by strong

winds or during periods of heavy snowfall, especially in areas of the Dekalb soil.

Management measures:

• Because of the hazard of erosion, water should be removed from logging roads by

water bars, outsloping or insloping road surfaces, culverts, and drop structures.

• Seeding logging roads, skid trails, and log landings to perennial grasses and

legumes after the trees are logged help to prevent excessive erosion.

• Because of the slope, special care is needed in laying out logging roads and log

landings and in operating logging equipment. Logging roads should be designed so

that they conform to the topography.

• Logging roads should be designed so that their grade is less than 15 percent

whenever possible.

• The Rock outcrop should be considered when planning the location of roads and

log landings.

• Because of the stones and boulders on the soil surface, wheeled skidders with

high clearance should be operated at a reduced speed over carefully chosen

routes.

• Planting nursery stock that is larger than is typical or planting containerized

seedlings reduces the seedling mortality rate.

• Tree planting should be timed so that seedlings can take full advantage of spring

rains.

Community Development

Management concerns:

• The very steep slopes, the Rock outcrop, the stones and boulders on the soil

surface, and the limited depth to bedrock in areas of the Dekalb soil are severe

limitations affecting community development.

• These soils are generally unsuited to building site development, septic tank

absorption fields, and local roads and streets.

Interpretive Groups

Land capability classification: 8s

Prime farmland: No

Hydric soils: No
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

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HlF—Hazleton-Lehew-Dekalb complex, 35 to 65 percent

slopes, extremely stony

Setting

Landscape position: Very steep mountainsides; mainly on Sleepy Creek Mountain,

Sideling Hill, and Purslane Mountain; Hazleton—linear or concave, middle and

lower parts of mountainsides; Lehew—nose slopes and the upper part of

mountainsides; Dekalb—convex shoulder slopes

Note: The three soils occur as areas so intermingled on the landscape that it was

impractical to separate them in mapping.

Composition

Hazleton soil and similar soils: 50 percent

Lehew soil and similar soils: 20 percent

Dekalb soil and similar soils: 15 percent

Dissimilar inclusions: 15 percent

Typical Profile

Hazleton

Surface layer:

0 to 2 inches—extremely stony, organic duff from hardwood leaf litter

2 to 5 inches—very dark brown channery loam

Subsurface layer:

5 to 12 inches—dark yellowish brown channery sandy loam

Subsoil:

12 to 16 inches—yellowish brown very channery loam

16 to 38 inches—strong brown very channery loam

38 to 49 inches—strong brown very channery sandy loam

Underlying material:

49 to 65 inches—strong brown very channery sandy loam

Lehew

Surface layer:

0 to 0.5 inch—extremely stony, organic duff from hardwood leaf litter

0.5 inch to 4 inches—dark brown channery fine sandy loam

Subsurface layer:

4 to 6 inches—brown and dark brown very channery fine sandy loam

Subsoil:

6 to 18 inches—reddish brown channery fine sandy loam

18 to 29 inches—reddish brown very channery sandy loam

Underlying material:

29 to 35 inches—dark reddish brown very channery sandy loam

Bedrock:

35 inches—fractured, reddish brown, fine grained sandstone

Dekalb

Surface layer:

0 to 1 inch—extremely stony, organic duff from hardwood leaf litter

1 to 4 inches—very dark brown channery sandy loam
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

135

Subsurface layer:

4 to 6 inches—grayish brown very channery loamy sand

Subsoil:

6 to 15 inches—yellowish brown very channery sandy loam

15 to 24 inches—brown very channery sandy loam

Bedrock:

24 inches—fractured, gray sandstone

Soil Properties and Qualities

Hazleton

Drainage class: Well drained

Permeability: Moderately rapid or rapid (2.0 to 20 inches per hour)

Available water capacity: Moderate or high

Seasonal high water table: None

Flooding: None

Shrink-swell potential: Low

Hazard of water erosion: Very severe

Percentage of the surface covered by rock fragments: 3 to 15 percent covered with

stones and boulders

Natural fertility: Low

Reaction: In unlimed areas, extremely acid to strongly acid (pH 3.5 to 5.5)

Surface runoff: Low

Depth to bedrock: More than 60 inches

Bedrock type: Interbedded, acid sandstone, shale, and siltstone

Lehew

Drainage class: Somewhat excessively drained

Permeability: Moderately rapid or rapid (2.0 to 20 inches per hour)

Available water capacity: Low or moderate

Seasonal high water table: None

Flooding: None

Shrink-swell potential: Low

Hazard of water erosion: Very severe

Percentage of the surface covered by rock fragments: 3 to 15 percent covered with

stones and boulders

Natural fertility: Low

Reaction: In unlimed areas, very strongly acid or strongly acid (pH 4.5 to 5.5)

Surface runoff: Medium

Depth to bedrock: 20 to 40 inches

Bedrock type: Mainly reddish brown, acid sandstone; interbedded with shale and

siltstone in some places

Dekalb

Drainage class: Somewhat excessively drained

Permeability: Rapid (6.0 to 20 inches per hour)

Available water capacity: Very low or low

Seasonal high water table: None

Flooding: None

Shrink-swell potential: Low

Hazard of water erosion: Very severe

Percentage of the surface covered by rock fragments: 3 to 15 percent covered with

stones and boulders

Natural fertility: Low
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

136

Reaction: In unlimed areas, extremely acid to strongly acid (pH 3.5 to 5.5)

Surface runoff: Low

Depth to bedrock: 20 to 40 inches

Bedrock type: Mainly acid sandstone; interbedded with shale and siltstone in some

places

Minor Components

Dissimilar inclusions:

• The moderately well drained Sideling and Buchanan soils on the less sloping

benches and the lower part of mountainsides

• Very rubbly soils that have more than 50 percent of their surface covered with

stones and boulders

• Areas of rock outcrop

Similar soils:

• The well drained Berks soils

• The reddish, well drained Calvin soils

• Soils with slopes of less than 35 percent or more than 65 percent

Use and Management

Uses: Most areas of these Hazleton, Lehew, and Dekalb soils are wooded.

Cropland

Suitability: Not suited

Management concerns:

• Because of the very steep slopes and the stones on the surface, these soils are not

suited to cultivated crops.

Pasture and Hayland

Suitability: Not suited

Management concerns:

• Because of the very steep slopes, the severe hazard of erosion, and the stones on

the surface, these soils are not suited to pasture or hay.

Woodland

Potential productivity: Moderate on south aspects; moderate or moderately high on

north aspects

Management concerns:

• Erosion is a severe hazard on logging roads and skid trails.

• Operating logging equipment is hazardous because of the very steep slopes.

• The large stones on the soil surface can hinder harvesting operations and damage

equipment.

• Seedling mortality is a concern in areas of the droughty Dekalb and Lehew soils,

especially on south aspects.

• Because the bedrock restricts the growth of roots, trees may be uprooted by strong

winds or during periods of heavy snowfall, especially in areas of the Lehew and

Dekalb soils.

Management measures:

• Because of the slope, special care is needed in laying out logging roads and log

landings and in operating logging equipment. Logging roads should be designed so

that they conform to the topography.

• Logging roads should be designed so that their grade is less than 15 percent

whenever possible.

• Because of the hazard of erosion, water should be removed from logging roads by

water bars, outsloping or insloping road surfaces, culverts, and drop structures.
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

137

• Seeding logging roads, skid trails, and log landings to perennial grasses and

legumes after the trees are logged helps to prevent excessive erosion.

• Planting nursery stock that is larger than is typical or planting containerized

seedlings reduces the seedling mortality rate.

• Tree planting should be timed so that seedlings can take full advantage of spring

rains.

Community Development

Management concerns:

• The very steep slopes and the limited depth to bedrock in areas of the Dekalb and

Lehew soils are severe limitations affecting community development.

• These soils are generally unsuited to building site development, septic tank

absorption fields, and local roads and streets.

Interpretive Groups

Land capability classification: 7s

Prime farmland: No

Hydric soil: No

Ho—Holly silt loam

Setting

Landscape position: Nearly level, slightly concave flood plains, mainly along Sleepy

Creek and its tributaries and, to a lesser extent, Warm Springs Run; and in many

places, on the backside of the flood plain nearest the uplands, in the backswamp

position

Composition

Holly soil and similar soils: 80 percent

Dissimilar inclusions: 20 percent

Typical Profile

Surface layer:

0 to 3 inches—dark grayish brown silt loam with strong brown redoximorphic

features

Subsoil:

3 to 24 inches—grayish brown silt loam with strong brown redoximorphic features

24 to 39 inches—grayish brown loam with strong brown and dark yellowish brown

redoximorphic features

Underlying material:

39 to 50 inches—light brownish gray sandy loam with dark brown redoximorphic

features

50 to 65 inches—brown gravelly sandy loam with dark brown and yellowish red

redoximorphic features

Soil Properties and Qualities

Drainage class: Very poorly drained or poorly drained

Permeability: Moderately slow or moderate (0.2 inch to 2.0 inches per hour) in the

subsoil and moderate or moderately rapid (0.6 inch to 6.0 inches per hour) in the

underlying material

Available water capacity: High

Seasonal high water table: Within a depth of 0.5 foot
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

138

Flooding: Frequency—frequent (greater than 50 percent chance of flooding in any

year); duration—brief

Shrink-swell potential: Low

Hazard of water erosion: Slight

Percentage of the surface covered by rock fragments: None

Natural fertility: Moderate

Reaction: In unlimed areas, moderately acid to neutral (pH 5.6 to 7.3) in the surface

layer, strongly acid to neutral (pH 5.1 to 7.3) in the subsoil, and moderately acid

to slightly alkaline (pH 5.6 to 7.8) in the underlying material

Surface runoff: Negligible; frequently ponded for long periods of time

Depth to bedrock: More than 60 inches

Minor Components

Dissimilar inclusions:

• The moderately well drained Philo soils

• The somewhat poorly drained Tygart soils on the higher stream terraces

• The poorly drained Brinkerton soils and the moderately well drained Ernest soils on

the higher upland toeslopes

Similar soils:

• The poorly drained Melvin soils

• The poorly drained Dunning soils

• Soils that are strongly acid or very strongly acid throughout

Use and Management

Uses: In many areas, this Holly soil is wooded or the acreage is idle land. Some

areas are used as pasture. Some areas along Sleepy Creek have been drained

and are used for crops. Most of the areas that have not been drained form

wetlands. A Federal permit may be required before these areas can be disturbed.

Cropland

Suitability: Suited, if adequately drained

Management concerns:

• Most climatically adapted crops can be grown if an adequate drainage system is

installed.

• Tilling and harvesting when the soil is wet may cause compaction and deterioration

of tilth.

• The flooding may damage crops and delay field operations in some years.

• This soil can be cropped year after year if it is properly protected.

Management measures:

• Applying a system of conservation tillage, growing green manure crops, returning

crop residue to the soil, and deferring tillage and harvesting when the soil is wet

help maintain or improve tilth.

Pasture and Hayland

Suitability: Suited (better suited to grasses than to legumes because of the seasonal

high water table)

Management concerns:

• Establishing and maintaining a healthy cover of sod and preventing overgrazing

are major concerns in pastured areas.

• Grazing during wet periods may damage the sod.

• Unless the soil is drained, harvesting of hay is often restricted to long, dry periods.

• Debris is sometimes deposited on the grassland during flooding.

Management measures:

• The hay and pasture species that can withstand the seasonal wetness should be

selected for seeding.
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

139

• Proper stocking rates, a planned grazing system, and deferred grazing during wet

periods help to keep pastures in good condition.

• Applying lime and fertilizer according to the results of soil tests helps to ensure

maximum growth of plants.

Woodland

Potential productivity: Moderately high for water-tolerant species

Management concerns:

• Because of the wetness, equipment can only be used during the dry summer

months and in the winter when the soil is frozen.

• The seasonal wetness may result in a high seedling mortality rate.

• The hazard of windthrow is moderate in areas of this soil because of the

wetness.

• Competition from undesirable plant species may slow the growth of planted tree

seedlings.

Management measures:

• The addition of roadfill and gravel is needed on sites for year-round logging

roads.

• The tree species that can withstand the seasonal wetness should be selected for

planting.

• Special site preparation, such as bedding before planting, reduces the seedling

mortality rate.

• The hazard of windthrow can be overcome by harvest methods that do not leave

the remaining trees widely spaced.

• Adequate site preparation helps to control initial plant competition, and spraying

helps to control subsequent competition.

Community Development

Management concerns:

• Because of the flooding and the wetness, this soil is not suited to building site

development.

• Because of the flooding, the wetness, and the slow permeability, this soil is not

suitable as a site for septic tank absorption fields.

• The flooding, the wetness, and the potential for frost action are severe limitations

affecting the construction of local roads and streets.

Management measures:

• A better suited soil should be considered as a site for buildings and septic tank

absorption fields.

• Constructing roads on raised fill material and installing a drainage system help to

overcome the limitations.

Interpretive Groups

Land capability classification: 3w

Prime farmland: No

Hydric soil: Yes

HwB—Hustontown silt loam, 3 to 8 percent slopes

Setting

Landscape position: Gently sloping, concave footslopes and toeslopes of hills

Other features: Seeps and springs common in some areas

Composition

Hustontown soils and similar soils: 85 percent

Dissimilar inclusions: 15 percent
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

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Typical Profile

Surface layer:

0 to 8 inches—dark reddish gray silt loam

Subsurface layer:

8 to 12 inches—reddish brown silt loam

Subsoil:

12 to 20 inches—reddish brown silt loam

20 to 30 inches—yellowish red and reddish brown channery silt loam with pinkish

gray redoximorphic features

30 to 55 inches—reddish brown, very firm and brittle channery silt loam with pinkish

gray redoximorphic features

55 to 65 inches—strong brown, very firm and brittle channery silty clay loam with

pinkish gray redoximorphic features

Soil Properties and Qualities

Drainage class: Moderately well drained

Permeability: Moderate (0.6 inch to 2.0 inches per hour) above the very firm and

brittle layer in the subsoil and moderately slow (0.2 to 0.6 inch per hour) in the

very firm and brittle layer

Available water capacity: High

Depth to the seasonal high water table: 16 to 30 inches

Flooding: None

Shrink-swell potential: Low

Hazard of water erosion: Moderate

Percentage of the surface covered by rock fragments: None

Natural fertility: Low

Reaction: In unlimed areas, extremely acid to strongly acid in the upper part of the

profile and slightly acid to strongly acid in the lower part

Surface runoff: Medium

Depth to bedrock: More than 60 inches

Minor Components

Dissimilar inclusions:

• The moderately deep Calvin soils and shallow Klinesville soils on convex side

slopes

• The poorly drained Brinkerton soils in depressions

Similar soils:

• The moderately well drained Buchanan soils

• The moderately well drained Sideling soils

• Soils with a channery or gravelly surface layer

• Soils with slopes of less than 3 percent or more than 8 percent

Use and Management

Uses: Most areas of this Hustontown soil are cleared and used for hay and pasture or

as homesites. A few areas are used for crops. Some are wooded.

Cropland

Suitability: Suited

Management concerns:

• The hazard of erosion is moderate in unprotected areas.

• The seasonal high water table and the firm layer in the subsoil may restrict the

rooting depth of some crops.

• The wetness may delay planting in the spring.
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

141

Management measures:

• Conservation tillage, contour farming, winter cover crops, and crop residue

management help to control erosion and to maintain fertility and tilth.

Pasture and Hayland

Suitability: Suited (better suited to grasses than to legumes because of the seasonal

high water table)

Management concerns:

• Establishing and maintaining a healthy cover of sod and preventing overgrazing are

major concerns in pastured areas.

• Erosion is a moderate hazard if the sod is removed by overgrazing.

• Overgrazing causes surface compaction, increases the runoff rate and the hazard

of erosion, and reduces the vigor of the plant cover.

• Because the soil is soft when wet, grazing early in spring damages the sod.

Management measures:

• Proper stocking rates, a planned grazing system, and deferred grazing during wet

periods help to keep pastures in good condition.

• Restricted grazing during wet periods helps to prevent compaction and poor

tilth.

• Applying lime and fertilizer according to the results of soil tests helps to ensure

maximum growth of forage plants.

Woodland

Potential productivity: Moderately high

Management concerns:

• Erosion is a hazard on logging roads and skid trails.

• The seasonal high water table and the firm layer in the subsoil may restrict the

rooting depth of some trees and thus increase the windthrow hazard.

• Because this soil is soft when wet, the use of logging equipment during wet

periods will result in excessive rutting.

• Competition from weeds may slow the growth of planted tree seedlings.

Management measures:

• Building logging roads and skid trails on the contour and seeding the roads and

trails after the trees are logged help to control erosion.

• Adequate site preparation helps to control initial plant competition in tree

plantations, and spraying helps to control subsequent competition.

Community Development

Management concerns:

• The seasonal high water table is the main limitation affecting building site

development and septic tank absorption fields.

• Slow permeability is an additional limitation on sites for septic tank absorption

fields.

• Low strength is a limitation on sites for local roads and streets. Because the soil is

soft when wet, pavement may crack under heavy loads.

• Erosion is a moderate hazard on construction sites.

Management measures:

• Installing a drainage system around buildings with basements or crawl spaces

helps to overcome the seasonal wetness.

• Installing tile drainage lines upslope from absorption fields helps to overcome the

wetness.

• Increasing the size of absorption fields and installing distribution lines on the

contour helps to overcome the restricted permeability in the subsoil.

• Installing a drainage system and providing a suitable road base that includes the

installation of properly designed geotextiles help to prevent the road damage

caused by low strength.
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

142

• Maintaining the plant cover on construction sites, establishing a plant cover in

unprotected areas, and providing for the proper disposal of surface runoff help to

control erosion and sedimentation.

Interpretive Groups

Land capability classification: 2e

Prime farmland: Yes

Hydric soil: No

Ln—Lindside silt loam

Setting

Landscape position: Nearly level flood plains; mainly along the Potomac and Cacapon

Rivers and their tributaries

Composition

Lindside soil and similar soils: 80 percent

Dissimilar inclusions: 20 percent

Typical Profile

Surface layer:

0 to 7 inches—dark grayish brown silt loam

Subsoil:

7 to 15 inches—brown silt loam

15 to 30 inches—brown silty clay loam with yellowish brown and reddish brown

redoximorphic features

30 to 48 inches—yellowish brown silty clay loam with light brownish gray and reddish

brown redoximorphic features

Underlying material:

48 to 60 inches—dark yellowish brown stratified silty clay loam, fine sandy loam, and

silt loam with grayish brown redoximorphic features

Soil Properties and Qualities

Drainage class: Moderately well drained

Permeability: Moderately slow or moderate (0.2 inch to 2.0 inches per hour)

Available water capacity: High

Depth to the seasonal high water table: 1.5 to 3.0 feet

Flooding: Frequency—occasional (5 to 50 percent chance in any year); duration—

brief

Shrink-swell potential: Low

Hazard of water erosion: Slight

Percentage of the surface covered by rock fragments: None

Natural fertility: High

Reaction: In unlimed areas, strongly acid to slightly alkaline (pH 5.1 to 7.8)

Surface runoff: Low

Depth to bedrock: More than 60 inches

Minor Components

Dissimilar inclusions:

• The poorly drained Dunning soils

• The poorly drained Melvin soils

• The well drained Tioga soils
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

143

Similar soils:

• Soils that have a clayey subsoil

• Soils with 3 to 8 percent slopes

• Soils that have a gravelly surface layer

Use and Management

Uses: Most areas of this Lindside soil are used for hay and pasture or for cultivated

crops (fig. 8). A few areas support mixed hardwoods.

Cropland

Suitability: Suited

Management concerns:

• Cultivated crops can be grown year after year if the soil is properly protected.

• An excessive amount of nutrients in manure and fertilizer applications can result in

the pollution of surface water by nutrients.

• The flooding occasionally delays field operations or damages crops.

• This soil is subject to streambank erosion in a few areas.

Management measures:

• Conservation tillage, winter cover crops, and crop residue management help to

control erosion and to maintain fertility and tilth.

• Designing fertilizer and manure applications to meet crop nutrient needs, using split

fertilizer applications, and applying fertilizer in bands minimize the loss of nutrients

by leaching.

• Leaving a border of trees along streams helps to prevent streambank erosion and

protect water quality.

Pasture and Hayland

Suitability: Suited (better suited to grasses than to legumes because of the seasonal

high water table)

Figure 8.—An area of Lindside silt loam used for hay along the Potomac River.
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

144

Management concerns:

• Establishing and maintaining a healthy cover of sod and preventing overgrazing are

major concerns in pastured areas.

• Overgrazing causes surface compaction, increases the runoff rate and the hazard

of erosion, and reduces the vigor of the plant cover.

• Grazing during wet periods results in surface compaction, poor tilth, and damage to

the sod.

• Unrestricted access to streams by livestock increases the hazards of streambank

erosion and water pollution.

• The flooding occasionally deposits debris on the grassland.

Management measures:

• Proper stocking rates, a planned grazing system, and deferred grazing during wet

periods help to keep pastures in good condition.

• Streambanks should be fenced, and access to streams by livestock should be

limited to protected crossings.

• Applying lime and fertilizer according to the results of soil tests helps to ensure

maximum growth of forage plants.

Woodland

Potential productivity: Moderately high

Management concerns:

• Competition from weeds may slow the growth of planted tree seedlings.

Management measures:

• Adequate site preparation helps to control initial plant competition in tree

plantations, and spraying helps to control subsequent competition.

Community Development

Management concerns:

• Because of the flooding and the seasonal wetness, this soil is not suited to building

sites or septic tank absorption fields.

• The flooding is a severe limitation affecting the construction of local roads and

streets.

Management measures:

• A better suited soil should be considered as a site for buildings and septic tank

absorption fields.

• Constructing roads on raised fill material and installing a drainage system help to

prevent the damage caused by the flooding and the wetness.

Interpretive Groups

Land capability classification: 2w

Prime farmland: Yes

Hydric soil: No

LzC—Litz channery silt loam, 8 to 15 percent slopes

Setting

Landscape position: Moderately sloping, convex uplands; in the Sir Johns Run

watershed and, to a lesser extent, along the eastern base of Tonoloway

Ridge

Composition

Litz soil and similar soils: 90 percent

Dissimilar inclusions: 10 percent
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

145

Typical Profile

Surface layer:

0 to 0.5 inch—organic duff from hardwood leaf litter

0.5 inch to 1.5 inches—very dark grayish brown channery silt loam

Subsurface layer:

1.5 to 4 inches—yellowish brown channery silt loam

Subsoil:

4 to 9 inches—yellowish brown very channery silt loam

9 to 27 inches—mixed, yellowish brown very channery silt loam and strong brown

very channery silty clay

Underlying material:

27 to 31 inches—strong brown extremely channery silty clay loam

Bedrock:

31 inches—hard, olive gray shale

Soil Properties and Qualities

Drainage class: Well drained

Permeability: Moderate (0.6 inch to 2.0 inches per hour)

Available water capacity: Low or moderate

Seasonal high water table: None

Flooding: None

Shrink-swell potential: Low

Hazard of water erosion: Severe

Percentage of the surface covered by rock fragments: None

Natural fertility: Low

Reaction: In unlimed areas, very strongly acid or strongly acid throughout (pH 4.5 to

5.5)

Surface runoff: Medium

Depth to bedrock: 20 to 40 inches

Minor Components

Dissimilar inclusions:

• The shallow Opequon soils that are underlain by limestone

• Small areas of Caneyville soils that have a clayey subsoil

Similar soils:

• The moderately deep Berks soils

• The shallow Weikert soils

• Soils that are more than 40 inches deep over bedrock

• Soils with slopes of less than 8 percent or more than 15 percent

Use and Management

Uses: Most areas of this Litz soil are wooded. Some have been cleared and are used

for hay and pasture or as homesites.

Cropland

Suitability: Suited

Management concerns:

• The hazard of erosion is severe in unprotected areas.

• This soil is droughty during the growing season and has low natural fertility.
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

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Management measures:

• Conservation tillage, contour farming, contour stripcropping, cover crops, and

crop residue management help to control erosion and to maintain fertility and

tilth.

• Leaving crop residue on the surface and adding other organic material help to

conserve soil moisture.

• Because of the droughtiness, this soil is better suited to early maturing small grain

than to late maturing crops, such as corn.

• Applying lime and fertilizer according to the results of soil tests helps to ensure

maximum production.

Pasture and Hayland

Suitability: Suited

Management concerns:

• Establishing and maintaining a mixture of grasses and legumes and preventing

overgrazing are major concerns in pastured areas.

• Overgrazing causes surface compaction, increases the runoff rate and the hazard

of erosion, and reduces the vigor of the plant cover.

• The droughtiness limits forage production during midsummer.

• Erosion is a severe hazard if the sod is removed by overgrazing.

• Proper stocking rates, a uniform distribution of grazing, and a planned grazing

system help to keep pastures in good condition.

• Establishing warm-season grasses in pastures helps to increase forage production

during midsummer.

• Applying lime and fertilizer according to the results of soil tests helps to ensure the

maximum growth of forage, especially legumes.

Woodland

Potential productivity: Moderately high

Management concerns:

• Erosion is a hazard on logging roads and skid trails.

Management measures:

• Building logging roads and skid trails on the contour and seeding the roads and

trails after the trees are logged help to control erosion.

Community Development

Management concerns:

• The bedrock may interfere with excavation for roads and foundations. In most areas,

however, the bedrock is soft enough to excavate with conventional earthmoving

equipment.

• The bedrock may interfere with the proper functioning of septic tank absorption

fields.

• The rock fragments in the surface layer may interfere with the establishment of

lawns and landscaping.

• The hazard of erosion is severe on construction sites.

Management measures:

• Selecting the deepest areas of the soil as a site for septic tank absorption fields,

installing the absorption field on the contour, and oversizing the absorption field

help to overcome the depth to bedrock.

• Maintaining the plant cover on construction sites, establishing a plant cover in

unprotected areas, and providing for the proper disposal of surface runoff help to

control erosion and sedimentation.

Interpretive Groups

Land capability classification: 3e

Prime farmland: No
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

147

Hydric soil: No

LzD—Litz channery silt loam, 15 to 25 percent slopes

Setting

Landscape position: Moderately steep, convex uplands; in the Sir Johns Run

watershed and, to a lesser extent, along the eastern base of Tonoloway Ridge

Composition

Litz soil and similar soils: 85 percent

Dissimilar inclusions: 15 percent

Typical Profile

Surface layer:

0 to 0.5 inch—organic duff from hardwood leaf litter

0.5 inch to 1.5 inches—very dark grayish brown channery silt loam

Subsurface layer:

1.5 to 4 inches—yellowish brown channery silt loam

Subsoil:

4 to 9 inches—yellowish brown very channery silt loam

9 to 27 inches—mixed, yellowish brown very channery silt loam and strong brown

very channery silty clay

Underlying material:

27 to 31 inches—strong brown extremely channery silty clay loam

Bedrock:

31 inches—hard, olive gray shale

Soil Properties and Qualities

Drainage class: Well drained

Permeability: Moderate (0.6 inch to 2.0 inches per hour)

Available water capacity: Low or moderate

Seasonal high water table: None

Flooding: None

Shrink-swell potential: Low

Hazard of water erosion: Severe

Percentage of the surface covered by rock fragments: None

Natural fertility: Low

Reaction: In unlimed areas, very strongly acid or strongly acid throughout (pH 4.5 to

5.5)

Surface runoff: High

Depth to bedrock: 20 to 40 inches

Minor Components

Dissimilar inclusions:

• Small areas of the shallow Opequon soils that are underlain by limestone

• Small areas of Caneyville soils that have a clayey subsoil

• The very deep, moderately well drained Sideling soils

• The very deep, well drained Murrill soils

Similar soils:

• The moderately deep Berks soils

• The shallow Weikert soils
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• Soils that are more than 40 inches deep over bedrock

• Soils with slopes of less than 15 percent or more than 25 percent

Use and Management

Uses: Most areas of this Litz soil are wooded. Some have been cleared and are used

for hay and pasture or as homesites.

Cropland

Suitability: Limited (better suited to hay and pasture)

Management concerns:

• The hazard of erosion is severe in unprotected areas.

• This soil is droughty during the growing season and has low natural fertility.

Management measures:

• Conservation tillage, contour farming, contour stripcropping, cover crops, and crop

residue management help to control erosion and to maintain fertility and tilth.

• Leaving crop residue on the surface and adding other organic material help to

conserve soil moisture.

• Because of the droughtiness, this soil is better suited to early maturing small grain

than to late maturing crops, such as corn.

• Applying lime and fertilizer according to the results of soil tests helps to ensure

maximum production.

Pasture and Hayland

Suitability: Suited

Management concerns:

• Establishing and maintaining a mixture of grasses and legumes and preventing

overgrazing are major concerns in pastured areas.

• Overgrazing causes surface compaction, increases the runoff rate and the hazard

of erosion, and reduces the vigor of the plant cover.

• The droughtiness limits forage production during midsummer.

• Erosion is a severe hazard if the sod is removed by overgrazing.

• Proper stocking rates, a uniform distribution of grazing, and a planned grazing

system help to keep pastures in good condition.

• Establishing warm-season grasses in pastures helps to increase forage production

during midsummer.

• Applying lime and fertilizer according to the results of soil tests helps to ensure the

maximum growth of forage, especially legumes.

Woodland

Potential productivity: Moderately high

Management concerns:

• On south aspects, seedling mortality is a concern because of the droughtiness.

• Erosion is a hazard on logging roads and skid trails.

Management measures:

• Tree planting should be timed so that seedlings can take full advantage of spring

rains.

• Planting nursery stock that is larger than is typical or planting containerized

seedlings reduces the seedling mortality rate.

• Because of the hazard of erosion, water should be removed from logging

roads by water bars, outsloping or insloping road surfaces, culverts, and drop

structures.

• Building logging roads on the contour or on the gentler slopes and seeding

logging roads, skid trails, and log landings after the trees are logged help to

prevent excessive erosion.

• Logging roads should be designed so that their grade is less than 15 percent

whenever possible.
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

149

Community Development

Management concerns:

• The slope is a severe limitation affecting building site development.

• This soil is poorly suited to building site development and to local roads and streets

unless extensive land shaping is done.

• The bedrock may interfere with excavation for roads and foundations. In most areas,

however, the bedrock is soft enough to excavate with conventional earthmoving

equipment.

• The depth to bedrock and the slope may interfere with the proper functioning of

septic tank absorption fields.

• The rock fragments in the surface layer may interfere with the establishment of

lawns and landscaping.

• Establishing and maintaining vegetation on roadbanks is difficult in areas of these

droughty soils, especially on south aspects.

• The hazard of erosion is severe on construction sites.

Management measures:

• Buildings should be designed so that they conform to the natural slope of the

land.

• Building roads and streets on the contour helps to overcome the slope.

• Selecting the deepest areas of the soil as sites for septic tank absorption fields,

installing the absorption fields on the contour, and oversizing the absorption fields

help to overcome the depth to bedrock and the slope.

• Drought-tolerant species, such as tall fescue and crownvetch, should be selected

for planting on roadbanks.

• Maintaining the plant cover on construction sites, establishing a plant cover in

unprotected areas, and providing for the proper disposal of surface runoff help to

control erosion and sedimentation.

Interpretive Groups

Land capability classification: 4e

Prime farmland: No

Hydric soil: No

LzE—Litz channery silt loam, 25 to 35 percent slopes

Setting

Landscape position: Steep, convex uplands; in the Sir Johns Run watershed and, to a

lesser extent, along the eastern base of Tonoloway Ridge

Composition

Litz soil and similar soils: 80 percent

Dissimilar inclusions: 20 percent

Typical Profile

Surface layer:

0 to 0.5 inch—organic duff from hardwood leaf litter

0.5 inch to 1.5 inches—very dark grayish brown channery silt loam

Subsurface layer:

1.5 to 4 inches—yellowish brown channery silt loam

Subsoil:

4 to 9 inches—yellowish brown very channery silt loam

9 to 27 inches—mixed, yellowish brown very channery silt loam and strong brown

very channery silty clay
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

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Underlying material:

27 to 31 inches—strong brown extremely channery silty clay loam

Bedrock:

31 inches—hard, olive gray shale

Soil Properties and Qualities

Drainage class: Well drained

Permeability: Moderate (0.6 inch to 2.0 inches per hour)

Available water capacity: Low or moderate

Seasonal high water table: None

Flooding: None

Shrink-swell potential: Low

Hazard of water erosion: Very severe

Percentage of the surface covered by rock fragments: None

Natural fertility: Low

Reaction: In unlimed areas, very strongly acid or strongly acid throughout (pH 4.5 to

5.5)

Surface runoff: High

Depth to bedrock: 20 to 40 inches

Minor Components

Dissimilar inclusions:

• The very deep, moderately well drained Sideling soils

• The very deep, well drained Murrill soils

• Small areas of the shallow Opequon soils that are underlain by limestone

• Small areas of the Caneyville soils that have a clayey subsoil

Similar soils:

• The moderately deep Berks soils

• The shallow Weikert soils

• Soils that are more than 40 inches deep over bedrock

• Soils with slopes of less than 25 percent or more than 35 percent

Use and Management

Uses: Most areas of this Litz soil are wooded.

Cropland

Suitability: Not suited

Management concerns:

• This soil is unsuited to cultivated crops because of the steep slopes, the very

severe hazard of erosion, droughtiness, and the low fertility level.

Pasture and Hayland

Suitability: Not suited to hay; difficult to manage for pasture

Management concerns:

• Establishing and maintaining a mixture of grasses and legumes and preventing

overgrazing are major concerns in pastured areas.

• Overgrazing causes surface compaction, increases the runoff rate and the hazard

of erosion, and reduces the vigor of the plant cover.

• The droughtiness limits forage production during midsummer.

• Erosion is a very severe hazard if the sod is removed by overgrazing.

• The slope makes the operation of conventional equipment used in clipping and

applying fertilizer difficult.
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151

Management measures:

• Proper stocking rates, a uniform distribution of grazing, and a planned grazing

system help to keep pastures in good condition.

• Establishing warm-season grasses in pastures helps to increase forage production

during midsummer.

• Applying lime and fertilizer according to the results of soil tests helps to ensure the

maximum growth of forage, especially legumes.

Woodland

Potential productivity: Moderately high

Management concerns:

• Seedling mortality is a concern on south aspects because of the droughtiness.

• Erosion is a hazard on logging roads and skid trails.

Management measures:

• Tree planting should be timed so that seedlings can take full advantage of spring

rains.

• Planting nursery stock that is larger than is typical or planting containerized

seedlings reduces the seedling mortality rate.

• Because of the hazard of erosion, water should be removed from logging roads by

water bars, outsloping or insloping road surfaces, culverts, and drop structures.

• Building logging roads on the contour or on the gentler slopes and seeding logging

roads, skid trails, and log landings after the trees are logged help to prevent

excessive erosion.

• Logging roads should be designed so that their grade is less than 15 percent

whenever possible.

Community Development

Management concerns:

• The slope is a severe limitation affecting building site development.

• This soil is poorly suited to building site development and to local roads and streets

unless extensive land shaping is done.

• The bedrock may interfere with excavation for roads and foundations. In most areas,

however, the bedrock is soft enough to excavate with conventional earthmoving

equipment.

• Because of the slope and the limited depth to bedrock, this soil generally is

unsuitable as a site for septic tank absorption fields.

• The rock fragments in the surface layer may interfere with the establishment of

lawns and landscaping.

• Establishing and maintaining vegetation on roadbanks is difficult in areas of this

droughty soil, especially on south aspects.

• The hazard of erosion is very severe on construction sites.

Management measures:

• Buildings should be designed so that they conform to the natural slope of the land.

• Building roads and streets on the contour helps to overcome the slope.

• Drought-tolerant species, such as tall fescue and crownvetch, should be selected

for planting on roadbanks.

• Maintaining the plant cover on construction sites, establishing a plant cover in

unprotected areas, and providing for the proper disposal of surface runoff help to

control erosion and sedimentation.

Interpretive Groups

Land capability classification: 6e

Prime farmland: No

Hydric soil: No
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LzF—Litz channery silt loam, 35 to 65 percent slopes

Setting

Landscape position: Very steep, convex uplands; in the Sir Johns Run watershed and,

to a lesser extent, east of the Cacapon River

Composition

Litz soil and similar soils: 80 percent

Dissimilar inclusions: 20 percent

Typical Profile

Surface layer:

0 to 0.5 inch—organic duff from hardwood leaf litter

0.5 inch to 1.5 inches—very dark grayish brown channery silt loam

Subsurface layer:

1.5 to 4 inches—yellowish brown channery silt loam

Subsoil:

4 to 9 inches—yellowish brown very channery silt loam

9 to 27 inches—mixed, yellowish brown very channery silt loam and strong brown

very channery silty clay

Underlying material:

27 to 31 inches—strong brown extremely channery silty clay loam

Bedrock:

31 inches—hard, olive gray shale

Soil Properties and Qualities

Drainage class: Well drained

Permeability: Moderate (0.6 inch to 2.0 inches per hour)

Available water capacity: Low or moderate

Seasonal high water table: None

Flooding: None

Shrink-swell potential: Low

Hazard of water erosion: Very severe

Percentage of the surface covered by rock fragments: None

Natural fertility: Low

Reaction: In unlimed areas, very strongly acid or strongly acid (pH 4.5 to 5.5)

throughout

Surface runoff: High

Depth to bedrock: 20 to 40 inches

Minor Components

Dissimilar inclusions:

• The very deep, moderately well drained Sideling soils

• Small areas of the Caneyville soils that have a clayey subsoil

• The very deep, well drained Murrill soils

• Small areas of the shallow Opequon soils that are underlain by limestone

Similar soils:

• The moderately deep Berks soils

• The shallow Weikert soils

• Soils that are more than 40 inches deep over bedrock

• Soils with slopes of less than 35 percent or more than 65 percent
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153

Use and Management

Uses: Most areas of this Litz soil are wooded.

Cropland

Suitability: Not suited

Management concerns:

• This soil is unsuited to cultivated crops because of the very steep slopes, the very

severe hazard of erosion, droughtiness, and the low fertility level.

Pasture and Hayland

Suitability: Not suited

Management concerns:

• Because of the very steep slopes and the very severe hazard of erosion, this soil is

not suited to pasture or hay.

Woodland

Potential productivity: Moderately high

Management concerns:

• Erosion is a severe hazard on logging roads and skid trails.

• Operating logging equipment is hazardous because of the very steep slopes.

• On south aspects, seedling mortality is a concern because of the droughtiness of

this soil.

Management measures:

• Because of the slope, special care is needed in laying out logging roads and log

landings and in operating logging equipment. Logging roads should be designed so

that they conform to the topography.

• Logging roads should be designed so that their grade is less than 15 percent

whenever possible.

• Because of the hazard of erosion, water should be removed from logging roads by

water bars, outsloping or insloping road surfaces, culverts, and drop structures.

• Seeding logging roads, skid trails, and log landings to perennial grasses and

legumes after the trees are logged help to prevent excessive erosion.

• Tree planting should be timed so that seedlings can take full advantage of spring

rains.

• Planting nursery stock that is larger than is typical or planting containerized

seedlings reduces the seedling mortality rate.

Community Development

Management concerns:

• The very steep slopes and the limited depth to bedrock are severe limitations

affecting community development.

• This soil generally is unsuited to building site development, septic tank absorption

fields, and local roads and streets.

Interpretive Groups

Land capability classification: 7e

Prime farmland: No

Hydric soil: No

Me—Melvin silt loam

Setting

Landscape position: Nearly level flood plains; mainly along the Potomac and Cacapon

Rivers; often in a backswamp position on the flood plain (fig. 9)
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

154

Composition

Melvin soil and similar soils: 90 percent

Dissimilar inclusions: 10 percent

Typical Profile

Surface layer:

0 to 2 inches—very dark grayish brown silt loam

2 to 10 inches—grayish brown silt loam with dark brown redoximorphic

features

Subsoil:

10 to 22 inches—light brownish gray silt loam with dark brown redoximorphic

features

22 to 36 inches—grayish brown silty clay loam with dark brown redoximorphic

features

Underlying material:

36 to 62 inches—dark grayish brown silt loam with dark gray and yellowish brown

redoximorphic features

62 to 68 inches—dark gray sandy loam

Figure 9.—A ponded area of Melvin silt loam on the backswamp of the flood plain along the

Potomac River. In some areas, this soil is subject to occasional ponding for a long period of

time in late winter and early spring. The Melvin soil forms wetlands in areas where a drainage

system has not been installed.
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

155

68 to 72 inches—variegated dark gray and dark grayish brown, stratified silt and

sand

Soil Properties and Qualities

Drainage class: Poorly drained or very poorly drained

Permeability: Moderately slow (0.2 to 0.6 inch per hour)

Available water capacity: High

Depth to the seasonal high water table: Within 0.5 foot

Flooding: Frequency—frequent (more than a 50 percent chance in any year);

duration—brief

Shrink-swell potential: Moderate

Hazard of water erosion: Slight

Percentage of the surface covered by rock fragments: None

Natural fertility: Moderate or high

Reaction: In unlimed areas, slightly acid or neutral (pH 6.1 to 7.3)

Surface runoff: Negligible; some areas occasionally ponded for long periods of time

Depth to bedrock: More than 60 inches

Minor Components

Dissimilar inclusions:

• Small areas of the moderately well drained Ernest soils on adjacent footslopes

• Small areas of the moderately well drained Lindside soils

Similar soils:

• The poorly drained Dunning soils that have more clay in the subsoil

• The poorly drained Holly soils that have more sand throughout the profile

Use and Management

Uses: In many areas, this Melvin soil is wooded or the acreage is idle land. Some

areas have been cleared and are used for pasture or hay. Most areas of this soil

that have not been drained form wetlands. A Federal permit may be required

before these areas can be disturbed.

Cropland

Suitability: Suited if the soil has been adequately drained

Management concerns:

• Most climatically adapted crops cannot be grown unless an adequate drainage

system has been installed.

• Tilling or harvesting when the soil is wet may cause compaction and deterioration of

tilth.

• The flooding occasionally delays field operations or damages crops.

• The seasonal wetness may delay tilling and planting in the spring.

Management measures:

• Applying a system of conservation tillage, growing green manure crops, returning

crop residue to the soil, and deferring tillage when the soil is wet help to prevent

deterioration of tilth.

Pasture and Hayland

Suitability: Suited (better suited to grasses than to legumes because of the seasonal

high water table)

Management concerns:

• Establishing and maintaining a healthy cover of sod and preventing overgrazing are

major concerns in pastured areas.

• Grazing when the soil is too wet may damage the sod.

• Unless the soil is drained, harvesting hay is commonly restricted to long, dry

periods.
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

156

• Unrestricted access to streams by livestock increases the hazards of streambank

erosion and water pollution.

Management measures:

• Hay and pasture species that can withstand the seasonal wetness should be

selected for seeding.

• Streambanks should be fenced, and access to streams by livestock should be

limited to protected crossings.

• Proper stocking rates, a planned grazing system, and deferred grazing during wet

periods help to keep pastures in good condition.

• Applying lime and fertilizer according to the results of soil tests helps to ensure

maximum growth of forage plants.

Woodland

Potential productivity: High for water-tolerant species

Management concerns:

• Because of the wetness, equipment can only be used during the dry summer

months and in the winter when the soil is frozen.

• The seasonal wetness may result in high seedling mortality rates.

• The hazard of windthrow is moderate because of the wetness.

• Competition from undesirable plants may slow the growth of planted tree seedlings.

Management measures:

• The addition of roadfill and gravel is needed on sites for year-round logging roads.

• Tree species that can withstand wetness should be selected for planting.

• Windthrow can be minimized by harvest methods that do not leave the remaining

trees widely spaced.

• Adequate site preparation helps to control initial plant competition in tree

plantations, and spraying helps to control subsequent competition.

Community Development

Management concerns:

• Because of the flooding and the wetness, this soil is not suited to building site

development.

• Because of the flooding, the wetness, and the moderately slow permeability, this

soil is not suitable as a site for septic tank absorption fields.

• The flooding, the wetness, and low strength are severe limitations affecting the

construction of local roads and streets.

Management measures:

• A better suited soil should be considered as a site for septic tank absorption fields.

• Installing a drainage system and providing a suitable road base that includes the

installation of properly designed geotextiles help to prevent the road damage

caused by wetness and low strength.

Interpretive Groups

Land capability classification: 3w

Prime farmland: No

Hydric soil: Yes

MhA—Monongahela silt loam, 0 to 3 percent slopes

Setting

Landscape position: Nearly level, slightly convex, low stream terraces

Composition

Monongahela soil and similar soils: 80 percent

Dissimilar inclusions: 20 percent
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

157

Typical Profile

Surface layer:

0 to 10 inches—dark yellowish brown silt loam

Subsoil:

10 to 21 inches—yellowish brown silt loam

21 to 27 inches—dark yellowish brown silt loam with yellowish brown and gray

redoximorphic features

27 to 45 inches—light olive brown, very firm and brittle silt loam with yellowish brown

and gray redoximorphic features

45 to 53 inches—yellowish brown, firm and brittle clay loam with gray redoximorphic

features

Underlying material:

53 to 65 inches—yellowish brown sandy loam with gray redoximorphic features

Soil Properties and Qualities

Drainage class: Moderately well drained

Permeability: Moderate (0.6 inch to 6.0 inches per hour) above the very firm and

brittle layer in the subsoil and moderately slow or slow (0.06 to 0.6 inch per

hour) in the very firm and brittle layer

Available water capacity: Moderate

Depth to the seasonal high water table: 1.5 to 3.0 feet

Flooding: None

Shrink-swell potential: Low

Hazard of water erosion: Slight

Percentage of the surface covered by rock fragments: None

Natural fertility: Low

Reaction: In unlimed areas, very strongly acid or strongly acid (pH 4.5 to 5.5) throughout

Surface runoff: Low

Depth to bedrock: More than 60 inches

Minor Components

Dissimilar inclusions:

• The somewhat poorly drained Tygart soils or poorly drained soils in depressions or

swales

• Small areas of the well drained Allegheny soils

Similar soils:

• The moderately well drained Ernest soils on adjacent toeslopes

• Soils with gravelly surfaces

• Soils with slopes of more than 3 percent

Use and Management

Uses: Most areas of this Monongahela soil have been cleared and are used for

cultivated crops or for hay and pasture.

Cropland

Suitability: Suited; however, the seasonal water table and the firm layer in the subsoil

may restrict the rooting depth of some crops

Management concerns:

• The wetness often delays spring planting.

• Because of the restricted rooting depth, crops may be adversely affected by a

shortage of water as the soil dries out in summer.
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

158

Management measures:

• Conservation tillage, contour farming, winter cover crops, and crop residue

management help to control erosion and to maintain fertility and tilth.

• Leaving crop residue on the surface and adding other organic material help to

conserve soil moisture.

Pasture and Hayland

Suitability: Suited (better suited to grasses than to legumes because of the seasonal

high water table)

Management concerns:

• Establishing and maintaining a healthy cover of sod and preventing overgrazing are

major concerns in pastured areas.

• Overgrazing causes surface compaction, increases the runoff rate and the hazard

of erosion, and reduces the vigor of the plant cover.

• Because this soil is soft when wet, grazing early in spring damages the sod.

Management measures:

• Proper stocking rates, a planned grazing system, and deferred grazing during wet

periods help to keep pastures in good condition.

• Applying lime and fertilizer according to the results of soil tests helps to ensure

maximum growth of forage plants.

Woodland

Potential productivity: Moderately high

Management concerns:

• The use of vehicular equipment is restricted during wet periods because this soil is

soft when wet.

• Competition from undesirable plants may slow the growth of planted tree seedlings.

Management measures:

• Adequate site preparation helps to control initial plant competition, and spraying

helps to control subsequent competition.

Community Development

Suitability: Limited

Management concerns:

• The seasonal high water table is the main limitation affecting building site

development, septic tank absorption fields, and local roads and streets.

• Because this soil is soft when wet, road pavement may crack under heavy

loads.

• The wetness limits excavation and trafficability and may delay construction

activities in winter and spring.

• Erosion is a slight hazard on construction sites.

Management measures:

• The included, well drained Allegheny soils are better suited to building site

development and septic tank absorption fields.

• The wetness can be reduced by installing a drainage system around structures with

basements or crawl spaces.

• Installing tile drainage lines upslope from absorption fields helps to overcome the

wetness.

• Installing large absorption fields on the contour helps to compensate for the

restricted permeability in the lower part of the subsoil.

• Constructing roads and streets on raised fill material and installing a drainage

system help to overcome the wetness.

• Maintaining the plant cover on construction sites, establishing a plant cover in

unprotected areas, and providing for the proper disposal of surface runoff help to

control erosion and sedimentation of streams.
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

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Interpretive Groups

Land capability classification: 2w

Prime farmland: Yes

Hydric soil: No

MhB—Monongahela silt loam, 3 to 8 percent slopes

Setting

Landscape position: Gently sloping, slightly convex, low stream terraces

Composition

Monongahela soil and similar soils: 85 percent

Dissimilar inclusions: 15 percent

Typical Profile

Surface layer:

0 to 8 inches—brown silt loam

Subsoil:

8 to 13 inches—yellowish brown silt loam

13 to 25 inches—yellowish brown silt loam

25 to 30 inches—yellowish brown loam with strong brown and light brownish gray

redoximorphic features

30 to 51 inches—yellowish brown, very firm and brittle loam with strong brown and

light brownish gray redoximorphic features

Underlying material:

51 to 65 inches—yellowish brown loam with strong brown and gray redoximorphic

features

Soil Properties and Qualities

Drainage class: Moderately well drained

Permeability: Moderate (0.6 inch to 6.0 inches per hour) above the very firm, brittle

layer in the subsoil and moderately slow or slow (0.06 to 0.6 inch per hour) in the

very firm, brittle layer

Available water capacity: Moderate

Depth to the seasonal high water table: 1.5 to 3.0 feet

Flooding: None

Shrink-swell potential: Low

Hazard of water erosion: Moderate

Percentage of the surface covered by rock fragments: None

Natural fertility: Low

Reaction: In unlimed areas, very strongly acid or strongly acid (pH 4.5 to 5.5)

Surface runoff: Medium

Depth to bedrock: More than 60 inches

Minor Components

Dissimilar inclusions:

• The well drained Berks soils along upland margins

• The somewhat poorly drained Tygart soils in depressions or swales

• Small areas of the well drained Allegheny soils

Similar soils:

• The moderately well drained Ernest soils on adjacent toeslopes

• Soils that have a gravelly surface layer
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

160

• Soils with slopes of less than 3 percent or more than 8 percent

Use and Management

Uses: Most areas of this Monongahela soil have been cleared and are used as

cropland, hayland or pasture. Some areas are used for community development

or as woodland. In some areas the acreage is idle land.

Cropland

Suitability: Suited; however, the seasonal high water table and the firm layer in the

subsoil may restrict the rooting depth of some crops

Management concerns:

• Erosion is a moderate hazard in unprotected areas.

• The wetness often delays spring planting.

• Because of the restrictive rooting depth, crops may be adversely affected by a

shortage of water as the soil dries out in summer.

Management measures:

• Conservation tillage, contour farming, winter cover crops, and crop residue

management help to control erosion and to maintain fertility and tilth.

• Leaving crop residue on the surface and adding other organic material help to

conserve soil moisture.

Pasture and Hayland

Suitability: Suited (better suited to grasses than to legumes because of the seasonal

high water table)

Management concerns:

• Erosion is a moderate hazard if the plant cover is removed by overgrazing.

• Overgrazing causes surface compaction, increases the runoff rate and the hazard

of erosion, and reduces the vigor of the plant cover.

• Establishing and maintaining a healthy cover of sod and preventing overgrazing are

major concerns in pastured areas.

• Because the soil is soft when wet, grazing early in spring damages the sod.

Management measures:

• Proper stocking rates, a planned grazing system, and deferred grazing during wet

periods help to keep pastures in good condition.

• Applying lime and fertilizer according to the results of soil tests helps to ensure

maximum growth of forage plants.

Woodland

Potential productivity: Moderately high

Management concerns:

• Erosion is a hazard on logging roads and skid trails.

• The use of vehicular equipment is restricted during wet periods because this soil is

soft when wet.

• Competition from undesirable plants may slow the growth of planted tree

seedlings.

Management measures:

• Building logging roads and skid trails on the contour and seeding the roads and

trails after the trees are logged help to control erosion.

• Adequate site preparation helps to control initial plant competition, and spraying

helps to control subsequent competition.

Community Development

Management concerns:

• The seasonal high water table is the main limitation affecting building site

development, septic tank absorption fields, and local roads and streets.

• Because this soil is soft when wet, road pavement may crack under heavy loads.
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

161

• The seasonal wetness limits excavation and trafficability and may delay

construction activities in the winter and spring.

• Erosion is a moderate hazard on construction sites.

Management measures:

• Included areas of the well drained Allegheny soils are better suited as a site for

buildings and septic tank absorption fields.

• The wetness can be reduced by installing a drainage system around structures with

basements or crawl spaces.

• Installing tile drainage lines upslope from absorption fields helps to overcome the

wetness.

• Installing large absorption fields on the contour helps to compensate for the

restricted permeability in the lower part of the subsoil.

• Constructing roads and streets on raised fill material and installing a drainage

system help to overcome the wetness, which may cause pavement to crack under

heavy loads.

• Maintaining the plant cover on construction sites, establishing a plant cover in

unprotected areas, and providing for the proper disposal of surface runoff help to

control erosion and sedimentation of streams.

Interpretive Groups

Land capability classification: 2e

Prime farmland: No

Hydric soil: No

MhC—Monongahela silt loam, 8 to 15 percent slopes

Setting

Landscape position: Strongly sloping, convex, low stream terraces

Composition

Monongahela soil and similar soils: 80 percent

Dissimilar inclusions: 20 percent

Typical Profile

Surface layer:

0 to 6 inches—brown silt loam

Subsoil:

6 to 8 inches—yellowish brown silt loam

8 to 23 inches—yellowish brown silt loam

23 to 28 inches—yellowish brown loam with strong brown and light brownish gray

redoximorphic features

28 to 49 inches—yellowish brown very firm and brittle loam with strong brown and

light brownish gray redoximorphic features

Underlying material:

49 to 65 inches—yellowish brown loam with strong brown and gray redoximorphic

features

Soil Properties and Qualities

Drainage class: Moderately well drained

Permeability: Moderate (0.6 inch to 6.0 inches per hour) above the very firm, brittle

layer in the subsoil and moderately slow or slow (0.06 to 0.6 inch per hour) in the

very firm, brittle layer
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

162

Available water capacity: Moderate

Depth to the seasonal high water table: 1.5 to 3.0 feet

Flooding: None

Shrink-swell potential: Low

Hazard of water erosion: Severe

Percentage of the surface covered by rock fragments: None

Natural fertility: Low

Reaction: In unlimed areas, very strongly acid or strongly acid (pH 4.5 to 5.5)

throughout

Surface runoff: Medium

Depth to bedrock: More than 60 inches

Minor Components

Dissimilar inclusions:

• The well drained Berks soils along upland margins

• The somewhat poorly drained Tygart soils in depressions

• Small areas of the well drained Allegheny soils

Similar soils:

• The moderately well drained Ernest soils on adjacent toeslopes

• Soils that have a gravelly surface layer

• Soils with slopes of less than 8 percent or more than 15 percent

Use and Management

Uses: Most areas of this Monongahela soil have been cleared and are used for hay

and pasture. In some areas, this soil is used as cropland or the acreage is idle

land. A few small areas are used for community development or as woodland.

Cropland

Suitability: Suited (The seasonal high water table and the firm layer in the subsoil,

however, may restrict the rooting depth of some crops.)

Management concerns:

• Erosion is a severe hazard in unprotected areas.

• The wetness often delays spring planting.

• Because of the restrictive rooting depth, crops may be adversely affected by a

shortage of water as the soil dries out in summer.

Management measures:

• Conservation tillage, contour farming, winter cover crops, and crop residue

management help to control erosion and to maintain fertility and tilth.

• Leaving crop residue on the surface and adding other organic material help to

conserve soil moisture.

Pasture and Hayland

Suitability: Suited (better suited to grasses than to legumes because of the seasonal

high water table)

Management concerns:

• Erosion is a severe hazard if the plant cover is removed by overgrazing.

• Overgrazing causes surface compaction, increases the runoff rate and the hazard

of erosion, and reduces the vigor of the plant cover.

• Establishing and maintaining a healthy cover of sod and preventing overgrazing are

major concerns in pastured areas.

• Because the soil is soft when wet, grazing early in spring damages the sod.

Management measures:

• Proper stocking rates, a planned grazing system, and deferred grazing during wet

periods help to keep pastures in good condition.

• Grazing should be deferred in spring until the soil is firm.
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

163

• Applying lime and fertilizer according to the results of soil tests helps to ensure

maximum growth of forage plants.

Woodland

Potential productivity: Moderately high

Management concerns:

• Erosion on logging roads and skid trails is a management concern.

• The use of vehicular equipment is restricted during wet periods because this soil is

soft when wet.

• Competition from undesirable plants may slow the growth of planted tree seedlings.

Management measures:

• Building logging roads and skid trails on the contour helps to control erosion.

• Adequate site preparation helps to control initial plant competition, and spraying

helps to control subsequent competition.

Community Development

Management concerns:

• The seasonal high water table is the main limitation affecting building site

development, septic tank absorption fields, and local roads and streets.

• Because this soil is soft when wet, road pavement may crack under heavy loads.

• The wetness limits excavation and trafficability and may delay construction activities

in the winter and spring.

• Water may seep from cutbanks during wet periods.

• The slope increases the amount of excavation required during the construction of

roads and buildings.

• Erosion is a severe hazard on construction sites.

Management measures:

• Included areas of the well drained Allegheny soils are better suited to building site

development and septic tank absorption fields.

• The wetness can be reduced by installing a drainage system around structures with

basements or crawl spaces.

• Buildings should be designed so that they conform to the natural slope of the land.

• Installing tile drainage lines upslope from absorption fields helps to overcome the

wetness.

• Installing large absorption fields on the contour helps to compensate for the

restricted permeability in the lower part of the subsoil.

• Constructing roads and streets on raised fill material and installing a drainage

system help to overcome the wetness, which may cause pavement to crack under

heavy loads.

• Roads and streets should be built on the contour.

• Maintaining the plant cover on construction sites, establishing a plant cover in

unprotected areas, and providing for the proper disposal of surface runoff help to

control erosion and sedimentation.

Interpretive Groups

Land capability classification: 3e

Prime farmland: No

Hydric soil: No

MrC—Murrill gravelly loam, 8 to 15 percent slopes

Setting

Landscape position: Strongly sloping, linear to slightly convex footslopes; on the

western side of Warm Springs Ridge and, to a lesser extent, on the eastern side

of Tonoloway Ridge
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

164

Note: Landscape underlain by limestone; sinkholes common in some areas

Composition

Murrill soil and similar soils: 90 percent

Dissimilar inclusions: 10 percent

Typical Profile

Surface layer:

0 to 9 inches—dark brown gravelly loam

Subsoil:

9 to 14 inches—yellowish brown gravelly loam

14 to 24 inches—brown gravelly loam

24 to 55 inches—strong brown gravelly clay loam

55 to 72 inches—yellowish red silty clay loam mottled with red

Soil Properties and Qualities

Drainage class: Well drained

Permeability: Moderate (0.6 inch to 6.0 inches per hour)

Available water capacity: Moderate or high

Seasonal high water table: None

Flooding: None

Shrink-swell potential: Low in the surface layer and in the upper part of the subsoil

and moderate in the lower part

Hazard of water erosion: Severe

Percentage of the surface covered by rock fragments: None

Natural fertility: Moderate

Reaction: In unlimed areas, very strongly acid to moderately acid (pH 4.5 to 6.0)

Surface runoff: Medium

Depth to bedrock: More than 60 inches

Bedrock type: Limestone

Minor Components

Dissimilar inclusions:

• The moderately well drained Clarksburg or Buchanan soils on concave portions of

the landscape

• The moderately deep Caneyville or Litz soils on convex slopes

Similar soils:

• Blackthorn soils, which have more rock fragments in the subsoil

• Soils with a stony surface layer

• Soils with slopes of less than 8 percent or more than 15 percent

Use and Management

Uses: Most areas of this Murrill soil are wooded. A few areas have been cleared and

used for cultivated crops, hay, or pasture or as homesites.

Cropland

Suitability: Suited

Management concerns:

• Erosion is a severe hazard in unprotected areas.

• Sinkholes and solution channels in the limestone bedrock increase the hazard of

ground-water pollution by surface runoff of applied pesticides, fertilizers, and

manure.
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

165

• An excessive amount of nutrients in manure and fertilizer applications can result in

the pollution of ground water and surface water by nutrients.

• In some areas, rock fragments in the surface layer may interfere with tilling and

planting.

Management measures:

• Including grasses, legumes, and small grain in crop rotations, applying a system of

conservation tillage, growing cover crops and green manure crops, and applying

crop residue management help to prevent excessive erosion and to maintain fertility

and tilth.

• Designing fertilizer and manure applications to meet crop nutrient needs, using split

fertilizer applications, and applying fertilizer in bands minimize the loss of nutrients

by leaching.

• Sod filter strips maintained around sinkholes will reduce the risk of ground-water

pollution.

• Manure should be stored in a properly designed storage facility.

Pasture and Hayland

Suitability: Suited

Management concerns:

• Establishing and maintaining a mixture of grasses and legumes and preventing

overgrazing are major concerns in pastured areas.

• Erosion is a severe hazard if the sod is removed by overgrazing.

• Overgrazing causes surface compaction, increases the runoff rate and the hazard

of erosion, and reduces the vigor of the plant cover.

Management measures:

• Proper stocking rates, a uniform distribution of grazing, and a planned grazing

system help to keep pastures in good condition.

• Applying lime and fertilizer according to the results of soil tests helps to ensure

maximum growth of plants, especially legumes.

Woodland

Potential productivity: Moderately high

Management concerns:

• Erosion is a hazard on logging roads and skid trails.

• Competition from weeds may slow the growth of planted tree seedlings.

Management measures:

• Erosion can be minimized by building logging roads and skid trails on the contour;

seeding roads, trails, and areas that have been cut and filled to perennial grasses

and legumes; and installing water bars and culverts.

• Adequate site preparation helps to control initial plant competition, and spraying

helps to control subsequent competition.

Community Development

Management concerns:

• The slope is a moderate limitation affecting community development.

• Sinkholes and solution channels in the limestone bedrock increase the hazard of

ground-water pollution by surface runoff and seepage from septic tank absorption

fields.

• The shrink-swell potential is a moderate limitation on sites for dwellings with

basements.

• Low soil strength and the potential for frost action are moderate limitations affecting

road construction.

• The rock fragments in the surface layer may interfere with the establishment of

lawns.

• Erosion is a severe hazard on construction sites.
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

166

Management measures:

• Buildings should be designed so that they conform to the natural slope of the land.

Land shaping is necessary in some areas.

• Septic tank absorption fields should not be installed in areas near limestone

outcroppings, in sinkholes, or where excavation has exposed limestone

bedrock.

• Properly designing and strengthening footings and foundations can help to prevent

the structural damage caused by shrinking and swelling.

• Providing a suitable road base that includes the installation of properly designed

geotextiles helps to prevent the road damage caused by low strength and frost

action.

• Maintaining the plant cover on construction sites, establishing a plant cover in

unprotected areas, and providing for the proper disposal of surface runoff help to

control erosion and sedimentation.

Interpretive Groups

Land capability classification: 3e

Prime farmland: No

Hydric soil: No

MrD—Murrill gravelly loam, 15 to 25 percent slopes

Setting

Landscape position: Moderately steep, linear to slightly convex footslopes and

benches; on the western side of Warm Springs Ridge and, to a lesser extent, on

the eastern side of Tonoloway Ridge

Note: Landscape underlain by limestone; sinkholes common in some areas

Composition

Murrill soil and similar soils: 85 percent

Dissimilar inclusions: 15 percent

Typical Profile

Surface layer:

0 to 9 inches—dark brown gravelly loam

Subsoil:

9 to 14 inches—yellowish brown gravelly loam

14 to 24 inches—brown gravelly loam

24 to 55 inches—strong brown gravelly clay loam

55 to 72 inches—yellowish red silty clay loam mottled with red

Soil Properties and Qualities

Drainage class: Well drained

Permeability: Moderate (0.6 inch to 6.0 inches per hour)

Available water capacity: Moderate or high

Seasonal high water table: None

Flooding: None

Shrink-swell potential: Low in the surface layer and in the upper part of the subsoil

and moderate in the lower part

Hazard of water erosion: Severe

Percentage of the surface covered by rock fragments: None

Natural fertility: Moderate
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

167

Reaction: In unlimed areas, very strongly acid to moderately acid (pH 4.5 to 6.0)

Surface runoff: High

Depth to bedrock: More than 60 inches

Bedrock type: Limestone

Minor Components

Dissimilar inclusions:

• The moderately well drained Clarksburg or Buchanan soils on concave portions of

the landscape

• The moderately deep Caneyville or Litz soils on convex slopes

Similar soils:

• Blackthorn soils, which have more rock fragments in the subsoil

• Sideling soils that are underlain by shale bedrock

• Stony soils

• Soils with slopes of less than 15 percent or more than 25 percent

Use and Management

Uses: Most areas of this Murrill soil are wooded. A few have been cleared and are

used for cultivated crops, hay, or pasture or as homesites.

Cropland

Suitability: Limited (better suited to hay and pasture)

Management concerns:

• Erosion is a severe hazard in unprotected areas.

• Sinkholes and solution channels in the limestone bedrock increase the hazard of

ground-water pollution by surface runoff of applied pesticides, fertilizers, and

manure.

• An excessive amount of nutrients in manure and fertilizer applications can result in

the pollution of ground water and surface water by nutrients.

• In some areas, rock fragments in the surface layer may interfere with tilling and

planting.

Management measures:

• Including grasses, legumes, and small grain in crop rotations, applying a system of

conservation tillage, growing cover crops and green manure crops, and applying

crop residue management help to prevent excessive erosion and to maintain fertility

and tilth.

• Designing fertilizer and manure applications to meet crop nutrient needs, using split

fertilizer applications, and applying fertilizer in bands minimize the loss of nutrients

by leaching.

• Sod filter strips maintained around sinkholes will reduce the risk of ground-water

pollution.

• Manure should be stored in a properly designed storage facility.

Pasture and Hayland

Suitability: Suited

Management concerns:

• Establishing and maintaining a mixture of grasses and legumes and preventing

overgrazing are major concerns in pastured areas.

• Erosion is a severe hazard if the sod is removed by overgrazing.

• Overgrazing causes surface compaction, increases the runoff rate and the hazard

of erosion, and reduces the vigor of the plant cover.

Management measures:

• Proper stocking rates, a uniform distribution of grazing, and a planned grazing

system help to keep pastures in good condition.
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

168

• Applying lime and fertilizer according to the results of soil tests helps to ensure

maximum growth of plants, especially legumes.

Woodland

Potential productivity: Moderately high

Management concerns:

• Erosion is a hazard on logging roads and skid trails.

• Competition from weeds may slow the growth of planted tree seedlings.

• Seedling mortality is a concern on south-facing slopes.

Management measures:

• Erosion can be minimized by building roads and skid trails on the contour; seeding

roads, trails, and areas that have been cut and filled to perennial grasses and

legumes; and installing water bars and culverts.

• Logging roads should be designed so that their grade is less than 15 percent

whenever possible.

• Adequate site preparation helps to control initial plant competition, and spraying

helps to control subsequent competition.

Community Development

Management concerns:

• The slope is a limitation affecting community development.

• Sinkholes and solution channels in the limestone bedrock increase the hazard of

ground-water pollution by surface runoff and seepage from septic tank absorption

fields.

• The shrink-swell potential is a moderate limitation on sites for dwellings with

basements.

• Low soil strength and the potential for frost action are moderate limitations on sites

for road construction.

• The rock fragments in the surface layer may interfere with the establishment of

lawns.

• Erosion is a severe hazard on construction sites.

Management measures:

• Buildings should be designed so that they conform to the natural slope of the

land. Land shaping is necessary in some areas.

• Septic tank absorption fields should not be installed in areas near limestone

outcroppings, in sinkholes, or where excavation has exposed limestone

bedrock.

• Septic tank absorption fields should be installed on the contour.

• Properly designing and strengthening footings and foundations help to prevent

the structural damage caused by shrinking and swelling.

• Providing a suitable road base that includes the installation of properly designed

geotextiles helps to prevent the road damage caused by low strength and frost

action.

• Maintaining the plant cover on construction sites, establishing a plant cover in

unprotected areas, and providing for the proper disposal of surface runoff help to

control erosion and sedimentation.

Interpretive Groups

Land capability classification: 4e

Prime farmland: No

Hydric soil: No
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

169

MsC—Murrill loam, 3 to 15 percent slopes, extremely

stony

Setting

Landscape position: Gently sloping and strongly sloping, linear to slightly convex

footslopes; on the western side of Warm Springs Ridge and, to a lesser extent, on

the eastern side of Tonoloway Ridge

Note: Landscape underlain by limestone; sinkholes common in some areas

Composition

Murrill soil and similar soils: 85 percent

Dissimilar inclusions: 15 percent

Typical Profile

Surface layer:

0 to 2 inches—very dark gray loam

Subsurface layer:

2 to 9 inches—brown loam

Subsoil:

9 to 13 inches—yellowish brown gravelly loam

13 to 26 inches—strong brown gravelly loam

26 to 43 inches—strong brown gravelly sandy clay loam

43 to 60 inches—yellowish red silty clay

Soil Properties and Qualities

Drainage class: Well drained

Permeability: Moderate (0.6 inch to 6.0 inches per hour)

Available water capacity: Moderate or high

Seasonal high water table: None

Flooding: None

Shrink-swell potential: Low in the surface layer and in the upper part of the subsoil

and moderate in the lower part

Hazard of water erosion: Moderate or severe

Percentage of the surface covered by rock fragments: 3 to 15 percent covered with

stones and boulders

Natural fertility: Moderate

Reaction: In unlimed areas, very strongly acid to moderately acid (pH 4.5 to

6.0)

Surface runoff: Medium

Depth to bedrock: More than 60 inches

Bedrock type: Limestone

Minor Components

Dissimilar inclusions:

• The moderately well drained Buchanan soils on the concave portions of the

landscape

• The moderately deep Caneyville or Litz soils on convex slopes

Similar soils:

• Blackthorn soils, which have more rock fragments in the subsoil
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

170

• Sideling soils that are underlain by shale bedrock

• Soils with slopes of less than 3 percent or more than 15 percent

Use and Management

Uses: Almost all areas of this Murrill soil are wooded. A few have been cleared and

are used for pasture or as homesites.

Cropland

Suitability: Not suited

Management concerns:

• Because of the stones and boulders on the surface, this soil is not suited to

cultivated crops.

Pasture and Hayland

Suitability: Not suited to hay; limited suitability for pasture

Management concerns:

• Establishing and maintaining a mixture of grasses and legumes and preventing

overgrazing are major concerns in pastured areas.

• Erosion is a moderate or severe hazard if the sod is removed by overgrazing.

• Overgrazing causes surface compaction, increases the runoff rate and the hazard

of erosion, and reduces the vigor of the plant cover.

• The extremely stony soil surface restricts the use of farm machinery.

Management measures:

• Proper stocking rates, a uniform distribution of grazing, and a planned grazing

system help to keep pastures in good condition.

• Applying lime and fertilizer according to the results of soil tests helps to ensure

maximum growth of plants, especially legumes.

Woodland

Potential productivity: Moderately high

Management concerns:

• Erosion is a hazard on logging roads and skid trails.

• Competition from weeds may slow the growth of planted tree seedlings.

• The large stones and boulders on the soil surface may interfere with the planting of

tree seedlings and hinder harvesting operations.

Management measures:

• Erosion can be minimized by building roads and skid trails on the contour; seeding

roads, trails, and areas that have been cut and filled to perennial grasses and

legumes; and installing water bars and culverts.

• Adequate site preparation helps to control initial plant competition, and spraying

helps to control subsequent competition.

Community Development

Management concerns:

• The slope is a moderate limitation affecting community development.

• Sinkholes and solution channels in the limestone bedrock increase the hazard of

ground-water pollution by surface runoff and seepage from septic tank absorption

fields.

• The shrink-swell potential is a moderate limitation on sites for dwellings with

basements.

• Low soil strength and the potential for frost action are moderate limitations affecting

road construction.

• The stones and boulders on the soil surface may interfere with construction and

with the establishment of lawns and landscaping.

• Erosion on construction sites is a moderate or severe hazard.
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

171

Management measures:

• Buildings should be designed so that they conform to the natural slope of the land.

Land shaping is necessary in some areas.

• Septic tank absorption fields should not be installed in areas near limestone

outcroppings, in sinkholes, or where excavation has exposed limestone bedrock.

• Properly designing and strengthening footings and foundations can help to prevent

the structural damage caused by shrinking and swelling.

• Providing a suitable road base that includes the installation of properly designed

geotextiles helps to prevent the road damage caused by low strength and frost

action.

• Maintaining the plant cover on construction sites, establishing a plant cover in

unprotected areas, and providing for the proper disposal of surface runoff help to

control erosion and sedimentation.

Interpretive Groups

Land capability classification: 6s

Prime farmland: No

Hydric soil: No

MsE—Murrill loam, 15 to 35 percent slopes, extremely

stony

Setting

Landscape position: Moderately steep and steep, linear to slightly convex footslopes;

on the western side of Warm Springs Ridge and, to a lesser extent, on the

eastern side of Tonoloway Ridge

Note: Landscape underlain by limestone; sinkholes common in some areas

Composition

Murrill soil and similar soils: 85 percent

Dissimilar inclusions: 15 percent

Typical Profile

Surface layer:

0 to 2 inches—very dark gray loam

Subsurface layer:

2 to 9 inches—brown loam

Subsoil:

9 to 13 inches—yellowish brown gravelly loam

13 to 26 inches—strong brown gravelly loam

26 to 43 inches—strong brown gravelly sandy clay loam

43 to 60 inches—yellowish red silty clay

Soil Properties and Qualities

Drainage class: Well drained

Permeability: Moderate (0.6 inch to 6.0 inches per hour)

Available water capacity: Moderate or high

Seasonal high water table: None

Flooding: None

Shrink-swell potential: Low in the surface layer and in the upper part of the subsoil

and moderate in the lower part
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172

Hazard of water erosion: Severe or very severe

Percentage of the surface covered by rock fragments: 3 to 15 percent covered with

stones and boulders

Natural fertility: Moderate

Reaction: In unlimed areas, very strongly acid to moderately acid (pH 4.5 to 6.0)

Surface runoff: High

Depth to bedrock: More than 60 inches

Bedrock type: Limestone

Minor Components

Dissimilar inclusions:

• The moderately well drained Buchanan soils on concave portions of the landscape

• The moderately deep Caneyville and Litz soils on convex slopes

Similar soils:

• Blackthorn soils, which have more rock fragments in the subsoil

• Sideling soils that are underlain by shale bedrock

• Soils with slopes of less than 3 percent or more than 15 percent

Use and Management

Uses: Nearly all areas of this Murrill soil are wooded. A few small areas have been

cleared and are used as homesites.

Cropland

Suitability: Not suited

Management concerns:

• Because of the slope and the stones and boulders on the surface, this soil is not

suited to cultivated crops.

Pasture and Hayland

Suitability: Not suited to hay; difficult to manage for pasture

Management concerns:

• Establishing and maintaining a mixture of grasses and legumes and preventing

overgrazing are major concerns in pastured areas.

• Erosion is a severe or very severe hazard if the sod is removed by overgrazing.

• Overgrazing causes surface compaction, increases the runoff rate and the hazard

of erosion, and reduces the vigor of the plant cover.

• The extremely stony soil surface and the slope restrict the use of farm machinery.

Management measures:

• Proper stocking rates, a uniform distribution of grazing, and a planned grazing

system help to keep pastures in good condition.

• Applying lime and fertilizer according to the results of soil tests helps to ensure

maximum growth of plants, especially legumes.

Woodland

Potential productivity: Moderately high

Management concerns:

• Erosion is a severe hazard on logging roads and skid trails.

• Competition from weeds may slow the growth of planted tree seedlings.

• The large stones and boulders on the soil surface and the slope may interfere with

the planting of tree seedlings and hinder harvesting operations.

• Seedling mortality is a concern on south-facing slopes.

Management measures:

• Erosion can be minimized by building logging roads and skid trails on the contour;

seeding roads, trails, and areas that have been cut and filled to perennial grasses

and legumes; and installing water bars and culverts.
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

173

• Logging roads should be designed so that their grade is less than 15 percent

whenever possible.

• Adequate site preparation helps to control initial plant competition, and spraying

helps to control subsequent competition.

Community Development

Management concerns:

• The slope is a severe limitation affecting community development.

• Sinkholes and solution channels in the limestone bedrock increase the hazard of

ground-water pollution by surface runoff and seepage from septic tank absorption

fields.

• The shrink-swell potential is a moderate limitation on sites for dwellings with

basements.

• Low soil strength and the potential for frost action are moderate limitations affecting

road construction.

• The stones and boulders on the soil surface may interfere with construction and

with the establishment of lawns and landscaping.

• Erosion is a severe hazard on construction sites.

Management measures:

• Buildings should be designed so that they conform to the natural slope of the land.

Land shaping is necessary in some areas.

• Septic tank absorption fields should not be installed in areas near limestone

outcroppings, in sinkholes, or where excavation has exposed limestone

bedrock.

• Distribution lines should be installed on the contour.

• Properly designing and strengthening footings and foundations can help to prevent

the structural damage caused by shrinking and swelling.

• Providing a suitable road base that includes the installation of properly designed

geotextiles helps to prevent the road damage caused by low strength and frost

action.

• Maintaining the plant cover on construction sites, establishing a plant cover in

unprotected areas, and providing for the proper disposal of surface runoff help to

control erosion and sedimentation.

Interpretive Groups

Land capability classification: 7s

Prime farmland: No

Hydric soil: No

Pg—Philo gravelly loam

Setting

Landscape position: Nearly level flood plains; mostly along Sleepy Creek and its

tributaries; in the eastern part of the county

Composition

Philo soil and similar soils: 75 percent

Dissimilar inclusions: 25 percent

Typical Profile

Surface layer:

0 to 3 inches—dark grayish brown gravelly loam

3 to 9 inches—dark brown gravelly loam
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

174

Subsoil:

9 to 17 inches—yellowish brown gravelly loam with light brownish gray and dark

yellowish brown redoximorphic features

17 to 29 inches—yellowish brown gravelly loam with light brownish gray and yellowish

brown redoximorphic features

Underlying material:

29 to 48 inches—dark grayish brown gravelly fine sandy loam with light brownish gray

and yellowish brown redoximorphic features

48 to 65 inches—dark grayish brown, stratified gravelly sand and loam

Soil Properties and Qualities

Drainage class: Moderately well drained

Permeability: Moderate (0.6 inch to 6.0 inches per hour)

Available water capacity: Moderate or high

Depth to the seasonal high water table: 1.5 to 3.0 feet

Flooding: Frequency—occasional (5 to 50 percent chance of flooding in any year);

duration—very brief

Shrink-swell potential: Low

Hazard of water erosion: Slight

Percentage of the surface covered by rock fragments: None

Natural fertility: Moderate

Reaction: Very strongly acid to moderately acid throughout (pH 4.5 to 6.0)

Surface runoff: Low

Depth to bedrock: More than 60 inches

Minor Components

Dissimilar inclusions:

• The poorly drained Holly soils

• The poorly drained Melvin soils

• The well drained Pope soils

• The moderately well drained Ernest soils on narrow upland footslopes

• The somewhat poorly drained Tygart soils on narrow stream terraces

Similar soils:

• The reddish brown Basher soils

• Soils that are frequently flooded

• Soils that have a surface layer of fine sandy loam or silt loam

• Soils with slopes of more than 3 percent

Use and Management

Uses: Most areas of this Philo soil are used for hay and pasture. Some are used for

cultivated crops. A few are used as woodland.

Cropland

Suitability: Suited

Management concerns:

• This soil can be cropped year after year if it is properly protected.

• The flooding may occasionally damage crops and delay field operations.

• The seasonal wetness may delay tilling and planting in the spring.

• The gravel and cobbles in the surface layer may interfere with cultivation in some

areas.

• This soil is subject to streambank erosion in many areas.

Management measures:

• Conservation tillage, a crop rotation that includes hay, winter cover crops, and crop

residue management help to control erosion and to maintain fertility and tilth.
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

175

• Leaving a border of trees along streams helps to prevent streambank erosion and

protect water quality.

Pasture and Hayland

Suitability: Suited (better suited to grasses than to legumes because of the seasonal

high water table)

Management concerns:

• Establishing and maintaining a healthy cover of sod and preventing overgrazing are

major concerns in pastured areas.

• Overgrazing causes surface compaction, increases the runoff rate and the hazard

of erosion, and reduces the vigor of the plant cover.

• Unrestricted access to streams by livestock increases the hazards of streambank

erosion and water pollution.

• Debris may be deposited on the grassland if the soil is flooded.

• Grazing during wet periods may damage the sod.

Management measures:

• Proper stocking rates, a planned grazing system, and deferred grazing during wet

periods help to keep pastures in good condition.

• Streambanks should be fenced, and access to streams by livestock should be

limited to protected crossings.

• Applying lime and fertilizer according to the results of soil tests helps to ensure

maximum growth of forage plants.

Woodland

Potential productivity: Moderately high

Management concerns:

• The use of vehicular equipment is restricted during wet periods because this soil

is soft when wet.

• Competition from weeds may slow the growth of planted tree seedlings.

Management measures:

• The tree species that can withstand the seasonal wetness should be selected

for planting.

• If trees are planted, adequate site preparation helps to control initial plant

competition and spraying helps to control subsequent competition.

• The addition of roadfill and gravel is needed on sites for year-round logging

roads.

Community Development

Management concerns:

• Because of the flooding and the wetness, this soil is not suited to building site

development and septic tank absorption fields.

• Because of the flooding and the wetness, this soil is severely limited as a site for

local roads and streets.

• Excavations are unstable and are subject to caving.

Management measures:

• A better suited soil should be considered as a site for buildings and septic tank

absorption fields.

• Constructing roads on raised fill material and installing a drainage system help to

overcome the wetness.

• Trench walls should be reinforced to prevent caving.

Interpretive Groups

Land capability classification: 2w

Prime farmland: Yes

Hydric soil: No
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

176

Ph—Philo silt loam

Setting

Landscape position: Nearly level flood plains; mostly along Sleepy Creek and its

tributaries; in the eastern part of the county

Composition

Philo soil and similar soils: 75 percent

Dissimilar inclusions: 25 percent

Typical Profile

Surface layer:

0 to 10 inches—brown silt loam

Subsoil:

10 to 17 inches—dark yellowish brown silt loam

17 to 29 inches—yellowish brown silt loam with light brownish gray and dark yellowish

brown redoximorphic features

29 to 53 inches—brown silt loam with light brownish gray and yellowish brown

redoximorphic features

Underlying material:

53 to 65 inches—brown silt loam with light brownish gray and strong brown

redoximorphic features

Soil Properties and Qualities

Drainage class: Moderately well drained

Permeability: Moderate (0.6 inch to 6.0 inches per hour)

Available water capacity: Moderate or high

Depth to the seasonal high water table: 1.5 to 3.0 feet

Flooding: Frequency—occasional (5 to 50 percent chance of flooding in any year);

duration—brief

Shrink-swell potential: Low

Hazard of water erosion: Slight

Percentage of the surface covered by rock fragments: None

Natural fertility: Moderate

Reaction: Very strongly acid to moderately acid throughout (pH 4.5 to 6.0)

Surface runoff: Low

Depth to bedrock: More than 60 inches

Minor Components

Dissimilar inclusions:

• The poorly drained Holly soils

• The poorly drained Melvin soils

• The well drained Pope soils

• The moderately well drained Ernest soils on narrow upland footslopes

• The somewhat poorly drained Tygart soils on narrow stream terraces

Similar soils:

• The reddish brown Basher soils

• Soils that are gravelly in the subsoil

• Soils that are frequently flooded

• Soils that have a surface layer of fine sandy loam

• Soils with slopes of more than 3 percent
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

177

Use and Management

Uses: Most areas of this Philo soil are used for hay and pasture. Some are used for

cultivated crops. A few are used as woodland.

Cropland

Suitability: Suited

Management concerns:

• This soil can be cropped year after year if it is properly protected.

• The flooding may occasionally damage crops and delay field operations.

• The seasonal wetness may delay tilling and planting in the spring.

• This soil is subject to streambank erosion in many areas.

Management measures:

• Conservation tillage, a crop rotation that includes hay, winter cover crops, and crop

residue management help to control erosion and to maintain fertility and tilth.

• Leaving a border of trees along streams helps to prevent streambank erosion and

protect water quality.

Pasture and Hayland

Suitability: Suited (better suited to grasses than to legumes because of the seasonal

high water table)

Management concerns:

• Establishing and maintaining a healthy cover of sod and preventing overgrazing are

major concerns in pastured areas.

• Overgrazing causes surface compaction, increases the runoff rate and the hazard

of erosion, and reduces the vigor of the plant cover.

• Unrestricted access to streams by livestock increases the hazards of streambank

erosion and water pollution.

• Debris may be deposited on the grassland if the soil is flooded.

• Grazing during wet periods may damage the sod.

Management measures:

• Proper stocking rates, a planned grazing system, and deferred grazing during wet

periods help to keep pastures in good condition.

• Streambanks should be fenced, and access to streams by livestock should be

limited to protected crossings.

• Applying lime and fertilizer according to the results of soil tests helps to ensure

maximum growth of forage plants.

Woodland

Potential productivity: Moderately high

Management concerns:

• The use of vehicular equipment is restricted during wet periods because this soil is

soft when wet.

• Competition from weeds may slow the growth of planted tree seedlings.

Management measures:

• The tree species that can withstand the seasonal wetness should be selected for

planting.

• If trees are planted, adequate site preparation helps to control initial plant

competition and spraying helps to control subsequent competition.

• The addition of roadfill and gravel is needed on sites for year-round logging roads.

Community Development

Management concerns:

• Because of the flooding and the wetness, this soil is not suited to building site

development and septic tank absorption fields.
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

178

• Because of the flooding and the wetness, this soil is severely limited as a site for

local roads and streets.

• Excavations are unstable and are subject to caving.

Management measures:

• A better suited soil should be considered as a site for buildings and septic tank

absorption fields.

• Constructing roads on raised fill material and installing a drainage system help to

overcome the wetness and the flooding.

• Trench walls should be reinforced to prevent caving.

Interpretive Groups

Land capability classification: 2w

Prime farmland: Yes

Hydric soil: No

Ps—Pope fine sandy loam

Setting

Landscape position: Nearly level flood plains; mainly along Sleepy Creek and its

tributaries; in the eastern part of the county

Composition

Pope soil and similar soils: 90 percent

Dissimilar inclusions: 10 percent

Typical Profile

Surface layer:

0 to 10 inches—dark yellowish brown fine sandy loam

Subsoil:

10 to 42 inches—dark yellowish brown fine sandy loam

Underlying material:

42 to 65 inches—strong brown sandy loam

Soil Properties and Qualities

Drainage class: Well drained

Permeability: Moderate or moderately rapid (0.6 inch to 6.0 inches per hour)

Available water capacity: Moderate or high

Depth to the seasonal high water table: 3.5 to 6.0 feet or more

Flooding: Frequency—occasional (a 5 to 50 percent chance of flooding in any year);

duration—very brief

Shrink-swell potential: Low

Hazard of water erosion: Slight

Percentage of the surface covered by rock fragments: None

Natural fertility: Moderate

Reaction: In unlimed areas, extremely acid to strongly acid (pH 3.6 to 5.5)

Surface runoff: Very low

Depth to bedrock: More than 60 inches

Minor Components

Dissimilar soils:

• The poorly drained Holly soils and the moderately well drained Philo soils in

sloughs and depressions

• Sand and gravel bars directly adjacent to streams
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

179

Similar soils:

• The Pope soils that have a surface layer of silt loam

• Soils that are gravelly throughout

• Soils that have loamy sand textures and are somewhat excessively drained or

excessively drained

• Soils with slopes of more than 3 percent

Use and Management

Uses: Most areas of this Pope soil are used as woodland. Some have been cleared

and are used as cropland, hayland, or pasture.

Cropland

Suitability: Suited

Management concerns:

• Cultivated crops can be grown year after year if the soil is properly protected.

• The flooding occasionally delays field operations or damages crops.

• This soil is subject to streambank erosion in many areas.

• An excessive amount of nutrients in manure and fertilizer applications can result in

the pollution of ground water and nearby streams by nutrients.

• This soil is sometimes droughty during the growing season.

Management measures:

• Conservation tillage, winter cover crops, and crop residue management help to

control erosion and to maintain fertility and tilth.

• Including grasses and legumes in crop rotations can reduce nutrient losses,

improve soil structure, and provide nitrogen for use by succeeding crops.

• Leaving a border of trees along streams helps to prevent streambank erosion and

protect water quality.

• Designing fertilizer applications to meet crop nutrient needs, using split fertilizer

applications, and applying fertilizer in bands minimize the loss of nutrients by

leaching.

• Leaving crop residue on the surface and adding other organic material help to

conserve soil moisture.

Pasture and Hayland

Suitability: Suited

Management concerns:

• Establishing and maintaining a mixture of grasses and legumes and preventing

overgrazing are major concerns in pastured areas.

• Overgrazing causes surface compaction, increases the runoff rate and the hazard

of erosion, and reduces the vigor of the plant cover.

• The flooding frequently deposits debris on the grassland.

• Unrestricted access to streams by livestock increases the hazards of streambank

erosion and water pollution.

Management measures:

• Proper stocking rates, a uniform distribution of grazing, and a planned grazing

system help to keep pastures in good condition.

• Streambanks should be fenced, and access to streams by livestock should be

limited to protected crossings.

• Applying lime and fertilizer according to the results of soil tests helps to ensure

maximum growth of plants, especially legumes.

Woodland

Potential productivity: Moderately high

Management concerns:

• Competition from weeds may slow the growth of planted tree seedlings.
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

180

Management measures:

• For tree plantations, adequate site preparation helps to control initial plant

competition and spraying helps to control subsequent competition.

Community Development

Management concerns:

• Because of the flooding, this soil is generally unsuited to building site development

and septic tank absorption fields.

• Because of the flooding, this soil is severely limited as a site for local roads and

streets.

• Excavations are often unstable and are subject to caving.

Management measures:

• A better suited soil should be considered as a site for buildings and septic tank

absorption fields.

• Constructing roads on well compacted, raised fill material can help to prevent the

damage caused by flooding.

• Trench walls should be reinforced to prevent caving.

Interpretive Groups

Land capability classification: 2w

Prime farmland: Yes

Hydric soil: No

Px—Pope silt loam

Setting

Landscape position: Nearly level flood plains; mainly along Sleepy Creek and its

tributaries; in the eastern part of the county

Composition

Pope soil and similar soils: 90 percent

Dissimilar inclusions: 10 percent

Typical Profile

Surface layer:

0 to 10 inches—dark brown silt loam

Subsoil:

10 to 51 inches—brown silt loam

Underlying material:

51 to 65 inches—brown loam

Soil Properties and Qualities

Drainage class: Well drained

Permeability: Moderate (0.6 inch to 6.0 inches per hour)

Available water capacity: Moderate or high

Depth to the seasonal high water table: 3.5 to 6.0 feet or more

Flooding: Frequency—occasional (5 to 50 percent chance of flooding in any year);

duration—very brief

Shrink-swell potential: Low

Hazard of water erosion: Slight

Percentage of the surface covered by rock fragments: None

Natural fertility: Moderate

Reaction: In unlimed areas, very strongly acid or strongly acid (pH 4.5 to 5.5)
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

181

Surface runoff: Low

Depth to bedrock: More than 60 inches

Minor Components

Dissimilar soils:

• The poorly drained Holly soils and the moderately well drained Philo soils in

sloughs or depressions

• Sand and gravel bars directly adjacent to streams

Similar soils:

• The Pope soil that has a surface layer of fine sandy loam

• Soils with slopes of more than 3 percent

Use and Management

Uses: Most areas of this Pope soil are used as woodland. Some have been cleared

and are used as cropland, hayland, or pasture.

Cropland

Suitability: Suited

Management concerns:

• This soil must be properly protected if cultivated crops are grown year after

year.

• The flooding occasionally delays field operations or damages crops.

• This soil is subject to streambank erosion in some areas.

• An excessive amount of nutrients in manure and fertilizer applications can result in

the pollution of ground water and nearby streams by nutrients.

Management measures:

• Conservation tillage, winter cover crops, and crop residue management help to

control erosion and to maintain fertility and tilth.

• A crop rotation that includes grasses and legumes helps to reduce nutrient losses,

improve soil structure, and provide nitrogen for use by succeeding crops.

• Leaving a border of trees along streams helps to prevent streambank erosion and

protect water quality.

• Designing fertilizer applications to meet crop nutrient needs, using split fertilizer

applications, and applying fertilizer in bands minimize the loss of nutrients by

leaching.

Pasture and Hayland

Suitability: Suited

Management concerns:

• Establishing and maintaining a mixture of grasses and legumes and preventing

overgrazing are major concerns in pastured areas.

• Overgrazing causes surface compaction, increases the runoff rate and the hazard

of erosion, and reduces the vigor of the plant cover.

• The flooding occasionally deposits debris on the grassland.

• Unrestricted access to streams by livestock increases the hazards of streambank

erosion and water pollution.

Management measures:

• Proper stocking rates, a uniform distribution of grazing, and a planned grazing

system help to keep pastures in good condition.

• Streambanks should be fenced, and access to streams by livestock should be

limited to protected crossings.

• Applying lime and fertilizer according to the results of soil tests helps to ensure

maximum growth of plants, especially legumes.
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

182

Woodland

Potential productivity: Moderately high

Management concerns:

• Competition from weeds may slow the growth of planted tree seedlings.

Management measures:

• Adequate site preparation helps to control initial plant competition in tree

plantations, and spraying helps to control subsequent competition.

Community Development

Suitability: Not suited

Management concerns:

• Because of the flooding, this soil is generally unsuited to building site development

and septic tank absorption fields.

• Because of the flooding, this soil is severely limited as a site for local roads and

streets.

• Excavations are often unstable and are subject to caving.

Management measures:

• A better suited soil should be considered as a site for septic tank absorption

fields.

• Constructing roads on well compacted, raised fill material helps to prevent the

damage caused by flooding.

• Trench walls should be reinforced to prevent caving.

Interpretive Groups

Land capability classification: 2w

Prime farmland: Yes

Hydric soil: No

Pz—Pope-Philo fine sandy loams

Setting

Landscape position: Narrow, low flood plains along small streams; throughout the

county

Note: Irregularly shaped areas due to the periodic cutting of new stream channels

and deposition of soil material during periods of flooding

Composition

Pope soil and similar soils: 50 percent

Philo soil and similar soils: 30 percent

Dissimilar inclusions: 20 percent

Typical Profile

Pope

Surface layer:

0 to 10 inches—dark brown fine sandy loam

Subsoil:

10 to 26 inches—dark yellowish brown fine sandy loam

Underlying material:

26 to 65 inches—dark yellowish brown very gravelly loamy sand

Philo

Surface layer:

0 to 10 inches—dark brown sandy loam
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

183

Subsoil:

10 to 13 inches—dark yellowish brown fine sandy loam

13 to 21 inches—dark yellowish brown fine sandy loam with grayish brown and strong

brown redoximorphic features

Underlying material:

21 to 65 inches—brown very gravelly fine sandy loam with grayish brown and strong

brown redoximorphic features

Soil Properties and Qualities

Pope

Drainage class: Well drained

Permeability: Moderate or moderately rapid (0.6 inch to 6.0 inches per hour)

Available water capacity: Moderate or high

Depth to the seasonal high water table: More than 3.0 feet

Flooding: Frequency—frequent (more than a 50 percent chance of flooding in any

year); duration—extremely brief

Shrink-swell potential: Low

Hazard of water erosion: Slight

Percentage of the surface covered by rock fragments: None

Natural fertility: Moderate

Reaction: In unlimed areas, very strongly acid or strongly acid (pH 4.5 to 5.5)

Surface runoff: Very low

Depth to bedrock: More than 60 inches

Philo

Drainage class: Moderately well drained

Permeability: Moderate (0.6 inch to 2.0 inches per hour)

Available water capacity: Moderate or high

Depth to the seasonal high water table: 1.0 to 3.0 feet

Flooding: Frequency—frequent (more than a 50 percent chance of flooding in any

year); duration—extremely brief

Shrink-swell potential: Low

Hazard of water erosion: Slight

Percentage of the surface covered by rock fragments: None

Natural fertility: Moderate

Reaction: Very strongly acid to moderately acid throughout (pH 4.5 to 6.0)

Surface runoff: Low

Depth to bedrock: More than 60 inches

Minor Components

Dissimilar inclusions:

• The poorly drained Holly soils in depressions

• The poorly drained Brinkerton soils on the adjacent, low footslopes

• The moderately well drained Ernest soils on the adjacent footslopes

• Gravel and sand bars

Similar soils:

• The well drained Combs soils

• The well drained Tioga soils

• Soils that are subject to occasional flooding

Use and Management

Uses: Most areas of these Pope and Philo soils are used as woodland. Some have

been cleared and are used for pasture and hay.
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

184

Cropland

Suitability: Not suited

Management concerns:

• These soils are generally not suited to cultivated crops because of the flooding

during the growing season, the seasonal high water table, and the irregularly

shaped areas of the map unit.

• The flooding often results in severe crop damage or loss.

• Because of the irregularly shaped areas of this unit, the operation of farm

machinery is difficult.

Pasture and Hayland

Suitability: Generally not suited to hay; suited to pasture

Management concerns:

• The flooding during the growing season and the irregularly shaped areas make

these soils generally unsuited to hay.

• Establishing and maintaining a healthy cover of sod and preventing overgrazing are

major concerns in pastured areas.

• Grazing during wet periods causes surface compaction and poor tilth and can

damage the sod.

• Unrestricted access to streams by livestock increases the hazards of streambank

erosion and water pollution.

• The flooding frequently deposits debris on the grassland.

Management measures:

• Grazing should be deferred in spring until the soil is firm.

• Streambanks should be fenced, and access to streams by livestock should be

limited to protected crossings.

• Applying lime and fertilizer according to the results of soil tests helps to ensure the

maximum growth of forage plants.

Woodland

Potential productivity: Moderately high or high

Management concerns:

• The use of vehicular equipment is restricted during wet periods because these

soils are soft when wet.

• Competition from weeds may slow the growth of planted tree seedlings.

Management measures:

• If trees are planted, adequate site preparation helps to control initial plant

competition and spraying helps to control subsequent competition.

• The addition of roadfill and gravel is needed on sites for year-round logging

roads.

Community Development

Suitability: Not suited

Management concerns:

• Because of the frequent flooding, these soils are generally unsuited to building site

development and septic tank absorption fields.

• Because of the flooding, these soils are severely limited as sites for local roads and

streets.

• Excavations are often unstable and are subject to caving.

Management measures:

• A better suited soil should be considered as a site for buildings and septic tank

absorption fields.

• Constructing roads on well compacted, raised fill material helps to prevent the

damage caused by flooding.

• Trench walls should be reinforced to prevent caving.
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

185

Interpretive Groups

Land capability classification: 5w

Prime farmland: No

Hydric soils: No

Qm—Quarry, limestone

Setting

This map unit consists of areas of open excavations from which limestone has

been quarried. Surrounding the excavations are dump areas consisting of a mixture

of rock fragments and soil material that was removed during the quarrying operation.

These areas are mainly on the western aspect of Warm Springs Ridge.

Composition

Quarry, limestone: 97 percent

Dissimilar inclusions: 3 percent

Typical Profile

This map unit is considered to be a nonsoil area; therefore, a typical profile is not

given.

Properties and Qualities

The quarries generally have vertical walls ranging from 15 to more than 100 feet in

height. The soil material in the dump areas generally is extremely bouldery. The fine-earth

fraction of these soils generally has a high content of clay and is slightly alkaline.

Some areas of the map unit are sparsely wooded with a mixture of red cedar, black

locust, tree-of-heaven, and red maple. Many areas are barren. Slopes are gently

sloping to very steep.

Minor Components

Dissimilar inclusions:

• The moderately deep Caneyville soils

• The shallow Opequon soils

• The very deep Murrill soils

Use and Management

Most of these limestone quarries are inactive. The limestone excavated from these

quarries was mainly crushed and used for road base. An onsite investigation is

necessary to determine the suitability of the map unit for most uses.

Interpretive Groups

Land capability classification: Not assigned

Prime farmland: No

Hydric soil: No

Qo—Quarry, sandstone

Setting

This map unit consists of areas of open excavations from which sandstone has

been quarried. Surrounding the excavations are dump areas consisting of a mixture

of rock fragments and soil material that was removed during the quarrying operation.

These areas are mainly on Warm Springs Ridge.
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

186

Composition

Quarry, sandstone: 95 percent

Dissimilar inclusions: 5 percent

Typical Profile

This map unit is considered to be a nonsoil area; therefore, a typical profile is not

given.

Properties and Qualities

The quarries generally have vertical walls ranging from 15 to more than 150 feet

in height. The soil material in the dump areas generally is extremely bouldery. The

fine-earth fraction of these soils generally has a high content of sand and is

moderately acid to neutral in reaction.

Many areas are barren. Slopes are gently sloping to very steep.

Minor Components

Dissimilar inclusions:

• The moderately deep Schaffenaker soils

• The moderately deep Dekalb soils

• The very deep Vanderlip soils

Use and Management

The sandstone excavated from these quarries is mainly crushed and used as a

source of high-grade silica sand. An onsite investigation is necessary to determine

the suitability of the map unit for most uses.

Interpretive Groups

Land capability classification: Not assigned

Prime farmland: No

Hydric soil: No

Qs—Quarry, shale

Setting

This map unit consists of areas of open pits from which shale has been excavated.

The pits are located throughout the county.

Composition

Quarry, shale: 96 percent

Dissimilar inclusions: 4 percent

Typical Profile

This map unit is considered to be a nonsoil area; therefore, a typical profile is not

given.

Properties and Qualities

Some areas of this unit have nearly vertical highwalls ranging from 5 to 30 feet in

height. Shale bedrock is exposed throughout the unit. The reaction of the shale

material ranges from extremely acid to strongly acid (pH 3.5 to 5.5).

Most areas of the unit are barren or support a limited amount of vegetation.
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

187

Minor Components

Dissimilar inclusions:

• The shallow Weikert soils and the moderately deep Berks soils, which are along the

margins of this map unit and in small, undisturbed areas in the unit

Use and Management

Shale excavated from areas of this map unit is used as a road base and as fill on

construction sites. An onsite investigation is needed to determine the suitability of the

map unit for most uses.

Interpretive Groups

Land capability classification: Not assigned

Prime farmland: No

Hydric soil: No

ReG—Rock outcrop-Opequon complex, 55 to 100 percent

slopes

Setting

Landscape position: Very steep limestone bluffs and hillsides; along the Cacapon

River

Note: The Opequon soil and the Rock outcrop occur as areas so intermingled on the

landscape that it was impractical to separate them in mapping.

Composition

Rock outcrop: 50 percent

Opequon soil and similar soils: 40 percent

Dissimilar inclusions: 10 percent

Typical Profile

Rock outcrop

In most areas the Rock outcrop occurs as areas of nearly vertical limestone bluffs

that range from 10 to 80 feet in height.

Opequon

Surface layer:

0 to 2 inches—dark brown channery silty clay loam

Subsoil:

2 to 8 inches—dark yellowish brown and strong brown channery silty clay

8 to 13 inches—strong brown channery silty clay

Underlying material:

13 to 16 inches—strong brown very channery silty clay

Bedrock:

16 inches—hard, gray limestone

Soil Properties and Qualities

Opequon

Drainage class: Well drained

Permeability: Moderately slow or moderate (0.2 inch to 2.0 inches per hour)
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

188

Available water capacity: Very low or low

Seasonal high water table: None

Flooding: None

Shrink-swell potential: High

Hazard of water erosion: Very severe

Percentage of the surface covered by rock fragments: None

Natural fertility: High

Reaction: In unlimed areas, moderately acid to slightly alkaline (pH 6.1 to 7.8)

Surface runoff: Very high

Depth to bedrock: 12 to 20 inches

Bedrock type: Hard, nonrippable limestone

Minor Components

Dissimilar inclusions:

• The moderately deep Caneyville soils

• The very deep Blackthorn soils

Similar soils:

• Soils that have slopes of less than 55 percent

Use and Management

Uses: Most areas of this map unit are forested with trees that have low commercial

value. Because of the very steep slopes, the Rock outcrop, and the very severe

hazard of erosion, the map unit is suited only to woodland, wildlife habitat, and

recreational activities.

Cropland

Suitability: Not suited

Pasture and Hayland

Suitability: Not suited

Woodland

Potential productivity: Low

Management concerns:

• The limestone bluffs make managing this map unit for forestry difficult.

• Erosion is a very severe hazard on logging roads and skid trails.

• Operating logging equipment is hazardous because of the very steep slopes.

• Low strength and the high shrink-swell potential increase the hazard of slippage.

• Because the Opequon soil is droughty, seedling mortality is a concern,

especially on south aspects.

• Windthrow is a hazard because of the depth to bedrock in areas of the Opequon

soil.

Management measures:

• Because of the very steep slopes and the hazard of slippage, special logging

methods, such as cable yarding, should be considered.

Community Development

Suitability: Not suited

Management concerns:

• Because of the very steep slopes, the depth to bedrock, the Rock outcrop, and the

hazard of slippage, this map unit is unsuited to community development.

Interpretive Groups

Land capability classification: 8s

Prime farmland: No
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

189

Hydric soil: No

RgG—Rock outcrop-Rough complex, 55 to 100 percent

slopes

Setting

Landscape position: Very steep shale bluffs and hillsides; along the Potomac River,

Cacapon River, and Sleepy Creek

Note: The Rough soil and the Rock outcrop occur as areas so intermingled on the

landscape that it was impractical to separate them in mapping.

Composition

Rock outcrop: 50 percent

Rough soil and similar soils: 45 percent

Dissimilar inclusions: 5 percent

Typical Profile

Rock outcrop

In most areas the Rock outcrop occurs as areas of nearly vertical, shale bluffs that

range from 10 to 100 feet in height.

Rough

Surface layer:

0 to 2 inches—very dark gray very channery silt loam

Underlying material:

2 to 6 inches—dark yellowish brown extremely channery silt loam

Bedrock:

6 inches—soft, olive brown shale

Soil Properties and Qualities

Rough

Drainage class: Somewhat excessively drained

Permeability: Rapid (6.0 to 20 inches per hour)

Available water capacity: Very low

Seasonal high water table: None

Flooding: None

Shrink-swell potential: Low

Hazard of water erosion: Very severe

Percentage of the surface covered by rock fragments: None

Natural fertility: Low

Reaction: In unlimed areas, extremely acid or very strongly acid (pH 3.5 to 5.0)

Surface runoff: Medium

Depth to bedrock: 4 to 9 inches

Bedrock type: Soft, rippable shale

Minor Components

Dissimilar inclusions:

• The shallow Weikert soils

• The moderately deep Berks soils

• The very deep Rushtown soils

Similar soils:

• Soils with slopes of less than 55 percent
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

190

Use and Management

Uses: Areas of this map unit are forested with trees that have low commercial

value. Some areas on south aspects are classified as “shale barrens” (fig. 10).

Because of the very steep slopes, the Rock outcrop, and the very severe

hazard of erosion, this map unit is suited only to woodland, wildlife habitat, and

recreation.

Cropland

Suitability: Not suited

Pasture and Hayland

Suitability: Not suited

Woodland

Potential productivity: Very low

Management concerns:

• The shale bluffs make managing this map unit for forestry difficult.

• Erosion is a very severe hazard on logging roads and skid trails.

• Operating logging equipment is hazardous because of the very steep slopes.

• The droughtiness results in a high seedling mortality rate, especially on south

aspects.

• Windthrow is a hazard because of the depth to bedrock in areas of the Rough

soil.

Management measures:

• Because of the very steep slopes and the hazard of slippage, special logging

methods, such as cable yarding, should be considered.

Figure 10.—An area of Rock outcrop-Rough complex, 55 to 100 percent slopes, along the Cacapon

River. On south aspects, areas of these soils form unique ecological niches called “shale

barrens.”
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

191

Community Development

Suitability: Not suited

Management concerns:

• Because of the very steep slopes, the depth to bedrock, and the Rock outcrop, this

map unit is not suited to community development.

Interpretive Groups

Land capability classification: 8s

Prime farmland: No

Hydric soil: No

RuD—Rushtown channery silt loam, 8 to 25 percent

slopes

Setting

Landscape position: Strongly sloping and moderately steep, linear to concave

footslopes

Composition

Rushtown soil and similar soils: 90 percent

Dissimilar inclusions: 10 percent

Typical Profile

Surface layer:

0 to 0.5 inch—organic duff from hardwood leaf litter

0.5 inch to 1.5 inches—very dark grayish brown channery silt loam

1.5 to 6 inches—dark yellowish brown channery silt loam

Subsoil:

6 to 22 inches—yellowish brown very channery silt loam

Underlying material:

22 to 65 inches—yellowish brown extremely channery silt loam

Soil Properties and Qualities

Drainage class: Excessively drained

Permeability: Rapid (6.0 to 20 inches per hour)

Available water capacity: Very low or low

Seasonal high water table: None

Flooding: None

Shrink-swell potential: Low

Hazard of water erosion: Severe

Percentage of the surface covered by rock fragments: None

Natural fertility: Low

Reaction: In unlimed areas, very strongly acid to moderately acid (pH 4.5 to 6.0)

Surface runoff: Very low

Minor Components

Dissimilar inclusions:

• The moderately deep Berks soils

• Small areas of the moderately well drained Ernest soils on footslopes

Similar soils:

• Soils with slopes of less than 8 percent or more than 25 percent
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

192

Use and Management

Uses: Most areas of this Rushtown soil are wooded. A few areas have been

excavated to expose the underlying material, which is used as a road base.

Cropland

Suitability: Not suited

Management concerns:

• Because of the moderately steep slopes, the severe hazard of erosion,

droughtiness, and the low natural fertility, cultivating this soil is impractical.

Pasture and Hayland

Suitability: Not suited to hay; limited suitability for pasture

Management concerns:

• Erosion is a severe hazard if the sod is removed by overgrazing.

• Establishing and maintaining a mixture of grasses and legumes and preventing

overgrazing are major concerns in pastured areas.

• Overgrazing causes surface compaction, increases the runoff rate and the hazard

of erosion, and reduces the vigor of the plant cover.

• The droughtiness of this soil limits forage production during midsummer.

Management measures:

• Proper stocking rates, a uniform distribution of grazing, and a planned grazing

system help to keep pastures in good condition.

• Establishing warm-season grasses in pastures helps to increase forage production

during midsummer.

• Applying lime and fertilizer according to the results of soil tests helps to ensure

maximum growth of forages, especially legumes.

Woodland

Potential productivity: Moderate

Management concerns:

• Erosion is a hazard on logging roads and skid trails.

• The slope is a moderate limitation affecting equipment operation.

• Seedling mortality is a concern because of the droughtiness.

Management measures:

• Because of the hazard of erosion, water should be removed from logging roads by

water bars, outsloping or insloping road surfaces, culverts, and drop structures.

• Building logging roads on the contour or on the gentler slopes and seeding logging

roads, skid trails, and log landings after the trees are logged also helps to prevent

excessive erosion.

• Logging roads should be designed so that their grade is less than 15 percent

whenever possible.

• Planting nursery stock that is larger than is typical or planting containerized

seedlings reduces the seedling mortality rate.

• Tree planting should be timed so that seedlings can take full advantage of spring

rains.

Community Development

Suitability: Poorly suited

Management concerns:

• This soil generally is not suitable as a site for septic tank absorption fields because

it is rapidly permeable and has poor filtering capacity. Septic tank effluent may not

be adequately filtered before it reaches the ground water.

• The slope is a limitation affecting excavation, building site development, and road

construction. Extensive land shaping is necessary in some areas.
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

193

• Establishing and maintaining vegetation on roadbanks is difficult in areas of this

droughty soil, especially on south-facing slopes.

• The rock fragments in the surface layer and the droughtiness make the

establishment of lawns difficult.

• The hazard of erosion on construction sites is severe.

Management measures:

• Maintaining the plant cover on construction sites, establishing a plant cover in

unprotected areas, and providing for the proper disposal of surface runoff help to

control erosion and sedimentation.

• Buildings and roads should be designed so that they conform to the natural slope of

the land.

• Drought-tolerant species, such as tall fescue and crownvetch, should be selected

for planting on roadbanks. Seeded areas should be mulched with straw.

Interpretive Groups

Land capability classification: 6e

Prime farmland: No

Hydric soil: No

RuF—Rushtown channery silt loam, 35 to 65 percent

slopes

Setting

Landscape position: Very steep, linear to concave hillsides; mainly adjacent to

streams

Composition

Rushtown soil and similar soils: 85 percent

Dissimilar inclusions: 15 percent

Typical Profile

Surface layer:

0 to 0.5 inch—organic duff from hardwood leaf litter

0.5 inch to 1.5 inches—very dark grayish brown channery silt loam

1.5 to 6 inches—dark yellowish brown channery silt loam

Subsoil:

6 to 22 inches—yellowish brown very channery silt loam

Underlying material:

22 to 65 inches—yellowish brown extremely channery silt loam

Soil Properties and Qualities

Drainage class: Excessively drained

Permeability: Rapid (6.0 to 20 inches per hour)

Available water capacity: Very low or low

Seasonal high water table: None

Flooding: None

Shrink-swell potential: Low

Hazard of water erosion: Very severe

Percentage of the surface covered by rock fragments: None

Natural fertility: Low
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

194

Reaction: In unlimed areas, very strongly acid to moderately acid (pH 4.5 to 6.0)

Surface runoff: Low

Minor Components

Dissimilar inclusions:

• The moderately deep Berks soils

• Small areas of the moderately well drained Ernest soils on footslopes

Similar soils:

• Soils with slopes of less than 35 percent or more than 65 percent

Use and Management

Uses: Most areas of this Rushtown soil are wooded. A few have been excavated to

expose the underlying shale material, which is used for road base.

Cropland

Suitability: Not suited

Management concerns:

• Because of the very steep slopes, the very severe hazard of erosion, droughtiness,

and the low natural fertility, this soil is not suited to cultivated crops.

Pasture and Hayland

Suitability: Not suited

Management concerns:

• Because of the very steep slopes and the very severe hazard of erosion, this soil is

not suited to pasture and hay.

Woodland

Potential productivity: Moderate

Management concerns:

• Erosion is a severe hazard on logging roads and skid trails.

• Operating logging equipment is hazardous because of the very steep slopes.

• Seedling mortality is a concern because of the droughtiness on south aspects.

Management measures:

• Because of the slope, special care is needed in laying out logging roads and log

landings and in operating logging equipment.

• Logging roads should be designed so that they conform to the topography.

• Logging roads should be designed so that their grade is less than 15 percent

whenever possible.

• Because of the hazard of erosion, water should be removed from logging roads by

water bars, outsloping or insloping road surfaces, culverts, and drop structures.

• Seeding logging roads, skid trails, and log landings to perennial grasses and

legumes after the trees are logged helps to prevent excessive erosion.

• Planting nursery stock that is larger than is typical or planting containerized

seedlings reduces the seedling mortality rate.

• Tree planting should be timed so that seedlings can take full advantage of spring

rains.

Community Development

Suitability: Not suited

Management concerns:

• The very steep slope is a severe limitation affecting community development.

Interpretive Groups

Land capability classification: 7e

Prime farmland: No

Hydric soil: No
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

195

ShC—Schaffenaker loamy sand, 3 to 15 percent slopes,

very bouldery

Setting

Landscape position: Gently sloping and strongly sloping, convex ridgetops; on Warm

Springs Ridge

Composition

Schaffenaker soil and similar soils: 80 percent

Dissimilar inclusions: 20 percent

Typical Profile

Surface layer:

0 to 1 inch—organic duff from hardwood leaf litter

1 to 2 inches—very dark brown loamy sand

Subsurface layer:

2 to 4 inches—brown loamy sand

Subsoil:

4 to 18 inches—yellowish brown gravelly loamy sand

Underlying material:

18 to 24 inches—yellowish brown gravelly loamy sand

Bedrock:

24 inches—moderately weathered, light gray sandstone

Soil Properties and Qualities

Drainage class: Somewhat excessively drained

Permeability: Rapid (6.0 to 20 inches per hour)

Available water capacity: Very low

Seasonal high water table: None

Flooding: None

Shrink-swell potential: Low

Hazard of water erosion: Moderate or severe

Percentage of the surface covered by rock fragments: 0.1 to 3 percent covered with

boulders and stones

Natural fertility: Low

Reaction: In unlimed areas, extremely acid to strongly acid (pH 3.5 to 5.5)

Surface runoff: Low

Depth to bedrock: 20 to 40 inches

Bedrock type: Hard sandstone

Minor Components

Dissimilar inclusions:

• Moderately well drained soils in shallow depressions

• Small areas of the very deep Vanderlip soils

• Small areas of the well drained Dekalb soils

• Small areas of sandstone outcroppings

• Soils that are less than 20 inches deep over bedrock

Similar soils:

• Soils with 15 to 25 percent slopes

• Soils with slopes of less than 3 percent

• Extremely bouldery soils with 3 to 15 percent of the surface covered with boulders
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

196

• Soils with less than 0.1 percent of the surface covered with boulders

Use and Management

Uses: Most areas of this Schaffenaker soil are wooded.

Cropland

Suitability: Not suited

• The boulders, the droughtiness, and the low natural fertility make it impractical to

grow cultivated crops.

Pasture and Hayland

Suitability: Not suited to hay; difficult to manage for pasture

Management concerns:

• Establishing and maintaining a mixture of grasses and legumes and preventing

overgrazing are major concerns in pastured areas.

• The boulders make the operation of conventional equipment used in clipping and

applying fertilizer difficult.

• The droughtiness limits forage production during midsummer.

• In areas of this soil, water for livestock is scarce and ponds constructed for livestock

water are prone to seepage.

Management measures:

• Proper stocking rates, a uniform distribution of grazing, and a planned grazing

system help to keep pastures in good condition.

• Establishing warm-season grasses in pastures helps to increase forage production

during midsummer.

• Applying lime and fertilizer according to the results of soil tests helps to ensure

maximum growth of forages, especially legumes.

Woodland

Potential productivity: Moderate

Management concerns:

• The boulders on the surface can hinder harvesting operations and damage equipment.

• The limited depth to bedrock, the low natural fertility, and the droughtiness can

result in a moderate seedling mortality rate.

• Because the depth to bedrock restricts the penetration of roots, trees may be

uprooted by strong winds or during periods of heavy snowfall.

Management measures:

• Planting nursery stock that is larger than is typical or planting containerized

seedlings reduces the seedling mortality rate.

• Tree planting should be timed to take full advantage of spring rains.

Community Development

Suitability: Poorly suited

Management concerns:

• The depth to bedrock is the main limitation on sites for buildings, septic tank

absorption fields, excavations, and local roads and streets.

• In most areas the bedrock is too hard to be excavated with conventional

earthmoving equipment.

• This soil generally is not suitable as a site for septic tank absorption fields because

it is rapidly permeable and has poor filtering capacity. Septic tank effluent may not

be adequately filtered before it reaches the ground water.

• The boulders may interfere with the operation of construction equipment.

• Establishing and maintaining vegetation on roadbanks is difficult on this droughty

soil, especially on south-facing slopes.

• The hazard of erosion is moderate or severe on construction sites.
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

197

Management measures:

• Building on the bedrock and adding extra fill when landscaping may be preferable to

excavating the bedrock.

• Drought-tolerant species, such as tall fescue and crownvetch, should be selected

for planting on roadbanks.

• Maintaining the plant cover on construction sites, establishing a plant cover in

unprotected areas, and providing for the proper disposal of surface runoff help to

control erosion and sedimentation.

Interpretive Groups

Land capability classification: 7s

Prime farmland: No

Hydric soil: No

SkF—Schaffenaker-Rock outcrop complex, 35 to

65 percent slopes, rubbly

Setting

Landscape position: Very steep, convex ridgetops and shoulder slopes; on Warm

Springs Ridge

Composition

Schaffenaker soil and similar soils: 45 percent

Rock outcrop: 40 percent

Dissimilar inclusions: 15 percent

Typical Profile

Schaffenaker

Surface layer:

0 to 1 inch—organic duff from hardwood leaf litter

1 to 2 inches—very dark brown loamy sand

Subsurface layer:

2 to 4 inches—brown loamy sand

Subsoil:

4 to 18 inches—yellowish brown gravelly loamy sand

Underlying material:

18 to 24 inches—yellowish brown gravelly loamy sand

Bedrock:

24 inches—moderately weathered, light gray sandstone

Rock outcrop

In most places the Rock outcrop occurs as areas of nearly vertical sandstone

bluffs that range from 10 to 50 feet in height.

Soil Properties and Qualities

Schaffenaker

Drainage class: Somewhat excessively drained

Permeability: Rapid (6.0 to 20 inches per hour)

Available water capacity: Very low
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

198

Seasonal high water table: None

Flooding: None

Shrink-swell potential: Low

Hazard of water erosion: Moderate or severe

Percentage of the surface covered by rock fragments: 15 to 50 percent covered with

boulders and stones

Natural fertility: Low

Reaction: In unlimed areas, extremely acid to strongly acid (pH 3.5 to 5.5)

Surface runoff: Low

Depth to bedrock: 20 to 40 inches

Bedrock type: Hard sandstone

Minor Components

Dissimilar inclusions:

• Small areas of the very deep Vanderlip soils

• Small areas of the well drained Dekalb soils

• Soils that are less than 20 inches deep over bedrock

Similar soils:

• Soils with slopes of more than 65 percent

• Soils with slopes of less than 35 percent

• Extremely bouldery soils with 3 to 15 percent of the surface covered with boulders

Use and Management

Uses: Most areas of this map unit are forested with trees that have low commercial

value. Because of the very steep slopes, the Rock outcrop, and the very severe

hazard of erosion, this map unit is suited only to woodland, wildlife habitat, and

recreational activities. Many areas are in Cacapon State Park (fig. 11).

Cropland

Suitability: Not suited

Pasture and Hayland

Suitability: Not suited

Woodland

Potential productivity: Moderate

Management concerns:

• Erosion is a very severe hazard on logging roads and skid trails.

• Operating logging equipment is hazardous because of the very steep slopes and

the Rock outcrop.

• The large boulders on the soil surface can hinder harvesting operations and

damage equipment.

• The limited depth to bedrock, the low natural fertility and the droughtiness may

cause moderate seedling mortality, especially on south aspects.

• Windthrow is a hazard because of the limited depth to bedrock in areas of the

Schaffenaker soil.

Management measures:

• Because of the very steep slopes, the Rock outcrop, and the boulders on the soil

surface, special logging methods, such as cable yarding, should be considered.

• Planting nursery stock that is larger than is typical or planting containerized

seedlings reduces the seedling mortality rate.

• Tree planting should be timed to take full advantage of spring rains.

Community Development

Suitability: Not suited
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

199

Management concerns:

• Because of the slope, the limited depth to bedrock, the Rock outcrop, and the rapid

permeability of the soil, this map unit is unsuited to community development.

Interpretive Groups

Land capability classification: 8s

Prime farmland: No

Hydric soil: No

SnE—Schaffenaker-Vanderlip loamy sands, 15 to

35 percent slopes, very bouldery

Setting

Landscape position: Steep ridgetops and shoulder slopes on Warm Springs Ridge;

Schaffenaker—mainly convex shoulder slopes; Vanderlip—concave to linear

backslopes

Note: The two soils occur as areas so intermingled on the landscape that it was

impractical to separate them in mapping.

Figure 11.—An area of Schaffenaker-Rock outcrop complex, 35 to 65 percent slopes, rubbly, near

the entrance to Cacapon State Park. The Schaffenaker soil formed in materials weathered from

Oriskany Sandstone.
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

200

Composition

Schaffenaker soil and similar soils: 45 percent

Vanderlip soil and similar soils: 40 percent

Dissimilar inclusions: 15 percent

Typical Profile

Schaffenaker

Surface layer:

0 to 1 inch—organic duff from hardwood leaf litter

1 to 2 inches—very dark brown loamy sand

Subsurface layer:

2 to 4 inches—brown loamy sand

Subsoil:

4 to 18 inches—yellowish brown gravelly loamy sand

Underlying material:

18 to 24 inches—yellowish brown gravelly loamy sand

Bedrock:

24 inches—moderately weathered, light gray sandstone

Vanderlip

Surface layer:

0 to 2 inches—organic duff from hardwood leaf litter

2 to 6 inches—dark brown loamy sand

Subsurface layer:

6 to 13 inches—dark yellowish brown gravelly loamy sand

Subsoil:

13 to 26 inches—yellowish brown very cobbly loamy sand

26 to 38 inches—yellowish brown sand

38 to 50 inches—brownish yellow sand with a few thin bands of strong brown loamy

sand

50 to 65 inches—very pale brown very bouldery sand with common bands of strong

brown loamy sand

Soil Properties and Qualities

Schaffenaker

Drainage class: Somewhat excessively drained

Permeability: Rapid (6.0 to 20 inches per hour)

Available water capacity: Very low

Seasonal high water table: None

Flooding: None

Shrink-swell potential: Low

Hazard of water erosion: Very severe

Percentage of the surface covered by rock fragments: 0.1 to 3 percent covered with

boulders and stones

Natural fertility: Low

Reaction: In unlimed areas, extremely acid to strongly acid (pH 3.5 to 5.5)

Surface runoff: Medium

Depth to bedrock: 20 to 40 inches

Bedrock type: Hard sandstone

Vanderlip

Drainage class: Somewhat excessively drained
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

201

Permeability: Rapid (6.0 to 20 inches per hour)

Available water capacity: Low or moderate

Seasonal high water table: None

Flooding: None

Shrink-swell potential: Low

Hazard of water erosion: Very severe

Percentage of the surface covered by rock fragments: 0.1 to 3 percent covered with

boulders and stones

Natural fertility: Low

Reaction: In unlimed areas, very strongly acid to moderately acid (pH 4.5 to 6.0)

Surface runoff: Low

Depth to bedrock: More than 8 feet

Bedrock type: Hard sandstone

Minor Components

Dissimilar inclusions:

• The very deep Hazleton soils

• The moderately well drained Sideling soils

• The well drained Dekalb soils

• Soils that are less than 20 inches deep over bedrock

• Small areas of rock outcrop

Similar soils:

• Soils with slopes of more than 35 percent

• Soils with slopes of less than 15 percent

• Extremely bouldery soils with 3 to 15 percent of the surface covered with boulders

Use and Management

Uses: Most areas of these Schaffenaker and Vanderlip soils are wooded.

Cropland

Suitability: Not suited

Management concerns:

• The steep slopes, the droughtiness, the low natural fertility, and the boulders on the

soil surface make it impractical to grow cultivated crops.

Pasture and Hayland

Suitability: Not suited to hay; difficult to manage for pasture

Management concerns:

• The slope and the boulders on the soil surface make the operation of conventional

equipment used in clipping and applying fertilizer difficult.

• If pastures are overgrazed, erosion is a very severe hazard in areas where the plant

cover has been destroyed.

• The droughtiness limits forage production during midsummer.

Management measures:

• Proper stocking rates, a uniform distribution of grazing, and a planned grazing

system help to keep pastures in good condition.

• Establishing warm-season grasses in pastures helps to increase forage production

during midsummer.

• Applying lime and fertilizer according to the results of soil tests helps to ensure the

maximum growth of forages, especially legumes.

Woodland

Potential productivity: Moderate

Management concerns:

• Erosion is a hazard on logging roads and skid trails.
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

202

• The large boulders on the soil surface can hinder harvesting operations and

damage equipment.

• The droughtiness results in a high seedling mortality rate, especially on south

aspects.

• Windthrow is a hazard because of the limited depth to bedrock in areas of the

Schaffenaker soil.

Management measures:

• The hazard of erosion can be reduced by building logging roads and skid trails on

the contour; seeding logging roads, log landings, and areas that have been cut and

filled to perennial grasses and legumes; and installing water bars and culverts.

• Logging roads should be designed so that their grade is less than 15 percent

whenever possible.

• Planting nursery stock that is larger than is typical or planting containerized

seedlings reduces the seedling mortality rate.

• Tree planting should be timed to take full advantage of spring rains.

Community Development

Suitability: Poorly suited

Management concerns:

• The slope is a severe limitation on sites for buildings, septic tank absorption fields,

and local roads and streets. Extensive land shaping is necessary in most areas.

• The depth to hard bedrock is a severe limitation in areas of the Schaffenaker soil. In

many areas the bedrock has to be blasted before it can be excavated.

• This soil generally is not suitable as a site for septic tank absorption fields because

it is rapidly permeable and has poor filtering capacity. Septic tank effluent may not

be adequately filtered before it reaches the ground water.

• Establishing and maintaining vegetation on roadbanks is difficult in areas of these

droughty soils, especially on south-facing slopes.

• Boulders may interfere with the operation of construction equipment.

• The hazard of erosion is moderate or severe on construction sites.

Management measures:

• Drought-tolerant species, such as tall fescue and crownvetch, should be selected

for planting on roadbanks.

• Buildings should be designed so that they conform to the natural slope of the land.

Land shaping is necessary in most areas.

• Maintaining the plant cover on construction sites, establishing a plant cover in

unprotected areas, and providing for the proper disposal of surface runoff help to

control erosion and sedimentation.

Interpretive Groups

Land capability classification: 7s

Prime farmland: No

Hydric soil: No

SnF—Schaffenaker-Vanderlip loamy sands, 35 to

65 percent slopes, very bouldery

Setting

Landscape position: Very steep ridgetops and shoulder slopes on Warm Springs

Ridge; Schaffenaker—mainly on convex shoulder slopes; Vanderlip—concave to

linear backslopes

Note: The two soils occur as areas so intermingled on the landscape that it was

impractical to separate them in mapping.
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

203

Composition

Schaffenaker soil and similar soils: 40 percent

Vanderlip soil and similar soils: 40 percent

Dissimilar inclusions: 20 percent

Typical Profile

Schaffenaker

Surface layer:

0 to 1 inch—organic duff from hardwood leaf litter

1 to 2 inches—very dark brown loamy sand

Subsurface layer:

2 to 4 inches—brown loamy sand

Subsoil:

4 to 18 inches—yellowish brown gravelly loamy sand

Underlying material:

18 to 24 inches—yellowish brown gravelly loamy sand

Bedrock:

24 inches—moderately weathered, light gray sandstone

Vanderlip

Surface layer:

0 to 2 inches—organic duff from hardwood leaf litter

2 to 6 inches—dark brown loamy sand

Subsurface layer:

6 to 13 inches—dark yellowish brown gravelly loamy sand

Subsoil:

13 to 26 inches—yellowish brown very cobbly loamy sand

26 to 38 inches—yellowish brown sand

38 to 50 inches—brownish yellow sand with a few thin bands of strong brown loamy

sand

50 to 65 inches—very pale brown very bouldery sand with common bands of strong

brown loamy sand

Soil Properties and Qualities

Schaffenaker

Drainage class: Somewhat excessively drained

Permeability: Rapid (6.0 to 20 inches per hour)

Available water capacity: Very low

Seasonal high water table: None

Flooding: None

Shrink-swell potential: Low

Hazard of water erosion: Very severe

Percentage of the surface covered by rock fragments: 0.1 to 3 percent covered with

boulders and stones

Natural fertility: Low

Reaction: In unlimed areas, extremely acid to strongly acid (pH 3.5 to 5.5)

Surface runoff: Medium

Depth to bedrock: 20 to 40 inches

Bedrock type: Hard sandstone

Vanderlip

Drainage class: Somewhat excessively drained
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

204

Permeability: Rapid (6.0 to 20 inches per hour)

Available water capacity: Low or moderate

Seasonal high water table: None

Flooding: None

Shrink-swell potential: Low

Hazard of water erosion: Very severe

Percentage of the surface covered by rock fragments: 0.1 to 3 percent covered with

boulders and stones

Natural fertility: Low

Reaction: In unlimed areas, very strongly acid to moderately acid (pH 4.5 to 6.0)

Surface runoff: Low

Depth to bedrock: More than 8 feet

Bedrock type: Hard sandstone

Minor Components

Dissimilar inclusions:

• The very deep Hazleton soils

• The moderately well drained Sideling soils

• The well drained Dekalb soils

• Soils that are less than 20 inches deep over bedrock

• Small areas of rock outcrop

Similar soils:

• Soils with slopes of more than 65 percent

• Soils with slopes of less than 35 percent

• Rubbly soils with 15 to 50 percent of the surface covered with boulders

Use and Management

Uses: Most areas of these Schaffenaker and Vanderlip soils are used as woodland.

Cropland

Suitability: Not suited

Management concerns:

• The very steep slopes, the droughtiness, the low natural fertility, and the boulders

on the surface make it impractical to grow cultivated crops.

Pasture and Hayland

Suitability: Not suited

Management concerns:

• Because of the very steep slopes, the severe hazard of erosion, and the boulders

on the surface, these soils are not suited to pasture or hay.

Woodland

Potential productivity: Moderate

Management concerns:

• Erosion is a severe hazard on logging roads and skid trails.

• Operating logging equipment is hazardous because of the very steep slopes.

• The large boulders on the soil surface can hinder harvesting operations and

damage equipment.

• The droughtiness results in a high seedling mortality rate, especially on south

aspects.

• Windthrow is a hazard because of the limited depth to bedrock in areas of the

Schaffenaker soil.

Management measures:

• Because of the slope, special care is needed in laying out logging roads and log

landings and in operating logging equipment.
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

205

• Logging roads should be designed so that they conform to the topography.

• Logging roads should be designed so that their grade is less than 15 percent

whenever possible.

• Because of the hazard of erosion, water should be removed from logging roads by

water bars, outsloping or insloping road surfaces, culverts, and drop structures.

• Seeding logging roads, skid trails, and log landings to perennial grasses and

legumes after the trees are logged helps to prevent excessive erosion.

• Planting nursery stock that is larger than is typical or planting containerized

seedlings reduces the seedling mortality rate.

• Tree planting should be timed to take full advantage of spring rains.

Community Development

Suitability: Not suited

Management concerns:

• Because of the very steep slope, the limited depth to bedrock, and the rapid

permeability, these soils are generally unsuited to community development.

Interpretive Groups

Land capability classification: 7s

Prime farmland: No

Hydric soil: No

SxC—Sideling gravelly loam, 3 to 15 percent slopes,

extremely stony

Setting

Landscape position: Gently sloping and strongly sloping, linear to slightly convex

mountain benches and footslopes

Composition

Sideling soil and similar soils: 85 percent

Dissimilar inclusions: 15 percent

Typical Profile

Surface layer:

0 to 3 inches—organic duff from hardwood leaf litter

3 to 5 inches—very dark grayish brown gravelly loam

Subsurface layer:

5 to 7 inches—dark yellowish brown gravelly loam

Subsoil:

7 to 31 inches—yellowish brown gravelly loam

31 to 35 inches—yellowish brown gravelly clay loam

35 to 50 inches—strong brown channery clay with light gray and reddish brown

redoximorphic features

50 to 62 inches—strong brown very flaggy clay loam with light gray and yellowish red

redoximorphic features

Soil Properties and Qualities

Drainage class: Moderately well drained

Permeability: Moderately slow (0.2 to 0.6 inch per hour) in the upper part and slow

(0.06 to 0.2 inch per hour) in the lower part

Available water capacity: High
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

206

Depth to the seasonal high water table: 2.5 to 3.5 feet

Flooding: None

Shrink-swell potential: Low in the upper part of the subsoil and moderate in the lower

part

Hazard of water erosion: Severe

Percentage of the surface covered by rock fragments: 3 to 15 percent covered with

stones and boulders

Natural fertility: Low

Reaction: In unlimed areas, extremely acid to strongly acid throughout (pH 3.5 to 5.5)

Surface runoff: High

Depth to bedrock: More than 60 inches

Minor Components

Dissimilar inclusions:

• The moderately deep Berks soils

• The moderately deep Dekalb soils

• The very deep, well drained Hazleton soils

• Small areas of the poorly drained Andover soils in concave drainageways

Similar soils:

• The moderately well drained Buchanan soils

Use and Management

Uses: Most areas of this Sideling soil are used as woodland. A few have been

cleared and are used for pasture, and a few are used as homesites.

Cropland

Suitability: Not suited

Management concerns:

• Because of the stones and boulders on the surface, this soil is not suited to

cultivated crops.

Pasture and Hayland

Suitability: Not suited to hay; difficult to manage for pasture

Management concerns:

• Establishing and maintaining a mixture of grasses and legumes and preventing

overgrazing are major concerns in pastured areas.

• Erosion is a moderate or severe hazard if the sod is removed by overgrazing.

• Overgrazing causes surface compaction, increases the runoff rate and the hazard

of erosion, and reduces the vigor of the plant cover.

• The slope and the stones on the soil surface make the operation of conventional

equipment used for clipping and applying lime and fertilizer difficult.

Management measures:

• Proper stocking rates, a uniform distribution of grazing, and a planned grazing

system help to keep pastures in good condition.

• Restricted grazing during wet periods helps to prevent compaction and poor

tilth.

• Applying lime and fertilizer according to the results of soil tests helps to ensure

the maximum growth of forage, especially legumes.

Woodland

Potential productivity: Moderately high

Management concerns:

• The large stones and boulders on the soil surface can hinder harvesting operations

and damage equipment.
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

207

• Erosion is a hazard on logging roads and skid trails.

Management measures:

• Erosion can be minimized by building roads and skid trails on the contour; seeding

roads, trails, and log landings to perennial grasses and legumes; and installing

water bars and culverts.

Community Development

Suitability: Poorly suited

Management concerns:

• The seasonal high water table is the main limitation affecting building site

development, septic tank absorption fields, and local roads and streets.

• This soil has slowly permeable layers in the subsoil. The restricted permeability is a

severe limitation on sites for septic tank absorption fields.

• The seasonal wetness limits excavation and trafficability and may delay

construction activities in the winter and spring.

• Water may seep from cutbanks during wet periods.

• The slope and the potential for frost action are limitations on sites for local roads

and streets.

• The wetness is a limitation on sites for local roads and streets. Because the soil is

soft when wet, the pavement cracks under heavy loads.

• The stones and boulders on the soil surface may interfere with construction and

with the establishment of lawns and landscaping.

• Erosion on construction sites is a moderate or severe hazard in unprotected areas.

Management measures:

• The wetness can be reduced by installing a drainage system around structures

with basements or crawl spaces.

• Buildings should be designed so that they conform to the natural slope of the land.

Land shaping is necessary in some areas.

• Installing drainage tile upslope from the absorption field helps to overcome the

wetness.

• Enlarging the absorption field, installing alternating absorption fields, and installing

distribution lines on the contour and as shallow as possible help to compensate for

the restricted permeability in the lower part of the subsoil.

• Roads and streets should be built on the contour.

• Installing a drainage system and providing a suitable road base that includes the

installation of properly designed geotextiles help to prevent the road damage

caused by wetness and low strength.

• Maintaining the plant cover on construction sites, establishing a plant cover in

unprotected areas, and providing for the proper disposal of surface runoff help to

control erosion and sedimentation.

Interpretive Groups

Land capability classification: 6s

Prime farmland: No

Hydric soil: No

SxE—Sideling gravelly loam, 15 to 35 percent slopes,

extremely stony

Setting

Landscape position: Moderately steep and steep, linear to slightly convex mountain

benches and footslopes
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

208

Composition

Sideling soil and similar soils: 80 percent

Dissimilar inclusions: 20 percent

Typical Profile

Surface layer:

0 to 3 inches—organic duff from hardwood leaf litter

3 to 5 inches—very dark grayish brown gravelly loam

Subsurface layer:

5 to 7 inches—dark yellowish brown gravelly loam

Subsoil:

7 to 31 inches—yellowish brown gravelly loam

31 to 35 inches—yellowish brown gravelly clay loam

35 to 50 inches—strong brown channery clay with light gray and reddish brown

redoximorphic features

50 to 62 inches—strong brown very flaggy clay loam with light gray and yellowish red

redoximorphic features

Soil Properties and Qualities

Drainage class: Moderately well drained

Permeability: Moderately slow (0.2 to 0.6 inch per hour) in the upper part and slow

(0.06 to 0.2 inch per hour) in the lower part

Available water capacity: High

Depth to the seasonal high water table: 2.5 to 3.5 feet

Flooding: None

Shrink-swell potential: Low in the upper part of the subsoil and moderate in the lower

part

Hazard of water erosion: Severe or very severe

Percentage of the surface covered by rock fragments: 3 to 15 percent covered with

stones and boulders

Natural fertility: Low

Reaction: In unlimed areas, extremely acid to strongly acid throughout (pH 3.5 to

5.5)

Surface runoff: High

Depth to bedrock: More than 60 inches

Minor Components

Dissimilar inclusions:

• The moderately deep Berks soils

• The moderately deep Calvin soils

• The very deep, well drained Hazleton soils

• Small areas of the poorly drained Andover soils along drainageways and in

depressions

Similar soils:

• The moderately well drained Buchanan soils

Use and Management

Uses: Most areas of this Sideling soil are used as woodland. A few are used as

homesites.

Cropland

Suitability: Not suited
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

209

Management concerns:

• Because of the steep slopes and the stones on the surface, this soil is not suited to

cultivated crops.

Pasture and Hayland

Suitability: Not suited to hay; difficult to manage for pasture

Management concerns:

• The slope and the stones on the soil surface make the operation of conventional

equipment used for clipping and applying lime and fertilizer difficult.

• Establishing and maintaining a mixture of grasses and legumes and preventing

overgrazing are major concerns in pastured areas.

• Erosion is a very severe hazard if the sod is removed by overgrazing.

• Overgrazing causes surface compaction, increases the runoff rate and the hazard

of erosion, and reduces the vigor of the plant cover.

Management measures:

• Proper stocking rates, a uniform distribution of grazing, and a planned grazing

system help to keep pastures in good condition.

• Restricted grazing during wet periods helps to prevent compaction and poor tilth.

• Applying lime and fertilizer according to the results of soil tests helps to ensure the

maximum growth of forage, especially legumes.

Woodland

Potential productivity: Moderately high

Management concerns:

• The large stones and boulders on the surface can hinder harvesting operations and

damage equipment.

• Seedling mortality is a concern on south-facing slopes.

• Erosion is a hazard on logging roads and skid trails.

Management measures:

• Erosion can be minimized by building roads and skid trails on the contour; seeding

roads, trails, and log landings to perennial grasses and legumes; and installing

water bars and culverts.

Community Development

Suitability: Poorly suited

Management concerns:

• The slope and the seasonal high water table are the main limitation affecting

building site development, septic tank absorption fields, and local roads and

streets.

• This soil has slowly permeable layers in the subsoil. The restricted permeability is a

severe limitation on sites for septic tank absorption fields.

• The seasonal wetness limits excavation and trafficability and may delay

construction activities in the winter and spring.

• Water may seep from cutbanks during wet periods.

• The slope and the potential for frost action are limitations on sites for local roads

and streets.

• The wetness is a limitation on sites for local roads and streets. Because the soil is

soft when wet, the pavement cracks under heavy loads.

• The stones and boulders may interfere with construction and with the establishment

of lawns and landscaping.

• Erosion on construction sites is a very severe hazard in unprotected areas.

Management measures:

• The wetness can be reduced by installing a drainage system around structures with

basements or crawl spaces.

• Buildings should be designed so that they conform to the natural slope of the land.

Land shaping is necessary in most areas.
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

210

• Installing drainage tile upslope from the absorption field helps to overcome the

wetness.

• Enlarging the absorption field, installing alternating absorption fields, and installing

distribution lines on the contour and as shallow as possible help to compensate for

the restricted permeability in the lower part of the subsoil.

• Roads and streets should be built on the contour.

• Installing a drainage system and providing a suitable road base that includes the

installation of properly designed geotextiles help to prevent the road damage

caused by wetness and low strength.

• Maintaining the plant cover on construction sites, establishing a plant cover in

unprotected areas, and providing for the proper disposal of surface runoff help to

control erosion and sedimentation.

Interpretive Groups

Land capability classification: 7s

Prime farmland: No

Hydric soil: No

SyE—Sideling gravelly loam, 15 to 35 percent slopes,

rubbly

Setting

Landscape position: Moderately steep or steep, linear to slightly convex mountain

benches and footslopes

Composition

Sideling soil and similar soils: 80 percent

Dissimilar inclusions: 20 percent

Typical Profile

Surface layer:

0 to 3 inches—organic duff from hardwood leaf litter

3 to 5 inches—very dark grayish brown gravelly loam

Subsurface layer:

5 to 7 inches—dark yellowish brown gravelly loam

Subsoil:

7 to 31 inches—yellowish brown gravelly loam

31 to 35 inches—yellowish brown gravelly clay loam

35 to 50 inches—strong brown channery clay with light gray and reddish brown

redoximorphic features

50 to 62 inches—strong brown very flaggy clay loam with light gray and yellowish red

redoximorphic features

Soil Properties and Qualities

Drainage class: Moderately well drained

Permeability: Moderately slow (0.2 to 0.6 inch per hour) in the upper part and slow

(0.06 to 0.2 inch per hour) in the lower part

Available water capacity: High

Depth to the seasonal high water table: 2.5 to 3.5 feet

Flooding: None

Shrink-swell potential: Low in the upper part of the subsoil and moderate in the lower

part
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

211

Hazard of water erosion: Severe or very severe

Percentage of the surface covered by rock fragments: 15 to 50 percent covered with

stones and boulders (fig. 12)

Natural fertility: Low

Reaction: In unlimed areas, extremely acid to strongly acid throughout (pH 3.5 to

5.5)

Surface runoff: Medium

Depth to bedrock: More than 60 inches

Minor Components

Dissimilar inclusions:

• The very deep, well drained Hazleton soils

• Small areas of the poorly drained Andover soils along drainageways and in

depressions

Similar soils:

• The moderately well drained Buchanan soils

Figure 12.—An area of Sideling gravelly loam, 15 to 35 percent slopes, rubbly.
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

212

Use and Management

Uses: This Sideling soil is used as woodland.

Cropland

Suitability: Not suited

Management concerns:

• Because of the steep slopes and the stones on the surface, this soil is not suited to

cultivated crops.

Pasture and Hayland

Suitability: Not suited

Management concerns:

• Because of the steep slopes and the stones and boulders on the surface, this soil is

not suited to hay or pasture.

Woodland

Potential productivity: Moderately high

Management concerns:

• The large stones and boulders on the soil surface can hinder harvesting operations

and damage equipment.

• Seedling mortality is a concern on south-facing slopes.

• Erosion is a hazard on logging roads and skid trails.

Management measures:

• Erosion can be minimized by building roads and skid trails on the contour; seeding

roads, trails, and log landings to perennial grasses and legumes; and installing

water bars and culverts.

Community Development

Suitability: Poorly suited

Management concerns:

• The slope, the stones on the soil surface, and the seasonal high water table are the

main limitations affecting building site development, septic tank absorption fields,

and local roads and streets.

• This soil has slowly permeable layers in the subsoil. The restricted permeability is a

severe limitation on sites for septic tank absorption fields.

• The seasonal wetness limits excavation and trafficability and may delay

construction activities in the winter and spring.

• Water may seep from cutbanks during wet periods.

• The slope and the potential for frost action are limitations affecting local roads and

streets.

• The wetness is a limitation affecting local roads and streets. Because the soil is soft

when wet, the pavement cracks under heavy loads.

• The stones and boulders may interfere with construction and with the establishment

of lawns and landscaping.

• Erosion on construction sites is a very severe hazard in unprotected areas.

Management measures:

• The wetness can be reduced by installing a drainage system around structures with

basements or crawl spaces.

• Buildings should be designed so that they conform to the natural slope of the land.

Land shaping is necessary in most areas.

• Installing drainage tile upslope from the absorption field helps to overcome the

wetness.

• Enlarging the absorption field, installing alternating absorption fields, and installing

distribution lines on the contour and as shallow as possible help to compensate for

the restricted permeability in the lower part of the subsoil.
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

213

• Roads and streets should be built on the contour.

• Installing a drainage system and providing a suitable road base that includes the

installation of properly designed geotextiles help to prevent the road damage

caused by wetness and low strength.

• Maintaining the plant cover on construction sites, establishing a plant cover in

unprotected areas, and providing for the proper disposal of surface runoff help to

control erosion and sedimentation.

Interpretive Groups

Land capability classification: 7s

Prime farmland: No

Hydric soil: No

Ta—Tioga fine sandy loam

Setting

Landscape position: Nearly level flood plains; mainly along the Cacapon River

Composition

Tioga soil and similar soils: 90 percent

Dissimilar inclusions: 10 percent

Typical Profile

Surface layer:

0 to 8 inches—dark yellowish brown fine sandy loam

Subsurface layer:

8 to 13 inches—brown sandy loam

Subsoil:

13 to 22 inches—dark brown loam

22 to 36 inches—dark brown sandy loam

Underlying material:

36 to 41 inches—dark yellowish brown very gravelly loamy sand

41 to 45 inches—dark yellowish brown sandy loam

45 to 60 inches—dark yellowish brown extremely gravelly loamy sand

Soil Properties and Qualities

Drainage class: Well drained

Permeability: Moderate or moderately rapid (0.6 inch to 6.0 inches per hour) in the

upper part and moderate to rapid (0.6 inch to 20.0 inches per hour) in the lower

part

Available water capacity: Moderate or high

Depth to the seasonal high water table: 3 to 6 feet

Flooding: Frequency—occasional (5 to 50 percent chance in any year); duration—

brief

Shrink-swell potential: Low

Hazard of water erosion: Slight

Percentage of the surface covered by rock fragments: None

Natural fertility: High

Reaction: In unlimed areas, strongly acid to neutral (pH 5.1 to 7.3) in the solum and

moderately acid to neutral (pH 5.6 to 7.3) in the underlying material

Surface runoff: Very low

Depth to bedrock: More than 60 inches
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

214

Minor Components

Dissimilar soils:

• The moderately well drained Lindside soils

• The moderately well drained Philo soils

• Sand and gravel bars that are directly adjacent to streams and are subject to

frequent flooding

Similar soils:

• The well drained Combs soils

• The well drained Pope soils

• Soils that have a gravelly surface layer

Use and Management

Uses: Most areas of this Tioga soil have been cleared and are used for cultivated

crops or hay.

Cropland

Suitability: Suited

Management concerns:

• This soil can be cropped year after year if it is properly protected.

• The flooding occasionally delays field operations or damages crops.

• This soil is subject to streambank erosion in some areas.

• To protect ground water and nearby streams, nutrients in manure and fertilizer

applications should not exceed the plant nutrient requirements.

Management measures:

• Conservation tillage, winter cover crops, and crop residue management help to

control erosion and to maintain fertility and tilth.

• A crop rotation that includes grasses and legumes helps to reduce nutrient losses,

improve soil structure, and provide nitrogen for use by subsequent crops.

• Leaving a border of trees along streams helps to prevent streambank erosion and

protect water quality.

• Designing fertilizer and manure applications to meet crop nutrient needs, using split

fertilizer applications, and applying fertilizer in bands minimize the loss of nutrients

by leaching.

Pasture and Hayland

Suitability: Suited

Management concerns:

• Establishing and maintaining a mixture of grasses and legumes and preventing

overgrazing are major concerns in pastured areas.

• Overgrazing causes surface runoff, increases the runoff rate and the hazard of

erosion, and reduces the vigor of the plant cover.

• The flooding occasionally deposits debris on the grassland.

• Unrestricted access to streams by livestock increases the hazards of streambank

erosion and water pollution.

Management measures:

• Proper stocking rates, a uniform distribution of grazing, and a planned grazing

system help to keep pastures in good condition.

• Streambanks should be fenced, and access to streams by livestock should be

restricted to protected crossings.

• Applying lime and fertilizer according to the results of soil tests helps to ensure

maximum growth of plants, especially legumes.

Woodland

Potential productivity: High
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

215

Management concerns:

• Competition from weeds may slow the growth of planted tree seedlings.

Management measures:

• Adequate site preparation helps to control initial plant competition in tree

plantations, and spraying helps to control subsequent competition.

Community Development

Suitability: Not suited

Management concerns:

• Because of the flooding, this soil is generally unsuited to building site development

and septic tank absorption fields.

• Because of the flooding, this soil is severely limited as a site for local roads and

streets.

• Excavations are often unstable and are subject to caving.

Management measures:

• A better suited soil should be considered as a site for buildings and septic tank

absorption fields.

• Trench walls should be reinforced to prevent caving.

Interpretive Groups

Land capability classification: 2w

Prime farmland: Yes

Hydric soil: No

TyA—Tygart silt loam, 0 to 3 percent slopes

Setting

Landscape position: Nearly level, low stream terraces; mainly along Sleepy Creek

and, to a lesser extent, along the Cacapon River and the Potomac River

Composition

Tygart soil and similar soils: 85 percent

Dissimilar inclusions: 15 percent

Typical Profile

Surface layer:

0 to 6 inches—brown silt loam

Subsoil:

6 to 9 inches—brown silt loam

9 to 17 inches—yellowish brown silty clay loam with gray and strong brown

redoximorphic features

17 to 32 inches—light brownish gray silty clay with yellowish brown and dark reddish

brown redoximorphic features

32 to 46 inches—light brownish gray silty clay loam with yellowish brown and reddish

brown redoximorphic features

Underlying material:

46 to 60 inches—gray silty clay loam with strong brown and reddish brown

redoximorphic features

Soil Properties and Qualities

Drainage class: Somewhat poorly drained

Permeability: Slow (0.06 to 0.2 inch per hour)
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

216

Available water capacity: Moderate or high

Depth to the seasonal high water table: 0.5 foot to 1.5 feet

Flooding: None

Shrink-swell potential: Moderate in the subsoil

Hazard of water erosion: Slight

Percentage of the surface covered by rock fragments: None

Natural fertility: Low

Reaction: In unlimed areas, very strongly acid or strongly acid (pH 4.5 to 5.5)

Surface runoff: High

Depth to bedrock: More than 60 inches

Minor Components

Dissimilar inclusions:

• Poorly drained Melvin soils on flood plains

• The poorly drained Brinkerton soils on the higher upland toeslopes

• The moderately well drained Ernest soils on the higher upland footslopes

• The moderately well drained Monongahela soils

Similar soils:

• Soils that are loamy in the subsoil

• Soils that are moderately acid or slightly acid

• Soils with slopes of more than 3 percent

Use and Management

Uses: Most areas of this Tygart soil are used for hay and pasture. Some are used for

cultivated crops. A few areas are forested.

Cropland

Suitability: Suited if the soil is adequately drained

Management concerns:

• Crops can be grown year after year if the soil is adequately protected.

• The seasonal wetness may delay tilling and planting in the spring.

• Drainage is difficult because of the slow permeability in the subsoil.

Management measures:

• Conservation tillage, deferment of tillage when the soil is wet, winter cover crops, a

crop rotation that includes hay, and crop residue management help to maintain soil

tilth and fertility and to control water erosion.

Pasture and Hayland

Suitability: Suited (better suited to grasses than to legumes because of the seasonal

high water table)

Management concerns:

• Establishing and maintaining a healthy cover of sod and preventing overgrazing are

major concerns in pastured areas.

• Overgrazing causes surface compaction, increases the runoff rate and the hazard

of erosion, and reduces the vigor of the plant cover.

• Because the soil is soft when wet, grazing early in spring damages the sod.

Management measures:

• Proper stocking rates, a planned grazing system, and deferred grazing during wet

periods help to keep pastures in good condition.

• Grazing should be deferred in spring until the soil is firm.

• Water-tolerant species should be selected for seeding.

• Applying lime and fertilizer according to the results of soil tests helps to ensure

maximum growth of forage plants.
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

217

Woodland

Potential productivity: Moderately high

Management concerns:

• The use of vehicular equipment is restricted during wet periods because this soil is

soft when wet.

• Competition from weeds may slow the growth of planted tree seedlings.

• When the soil is wet, trees are susceptible to windthrow.

Management measures:

• The tree species that can withstand the seasonal wetness should be selected for

planting.

• The addition of roadfill and gravel is needed on sites for year-round logging roads.

• Adequate site preparation helps to control initial plant competition in tree

plantations, and spraying helps to control subsequent competition.

• Windthrow can be minimized by harvest methods that do not leave the remaining

trees widely spaced.

Community Development

Suitability: Poorly suited

Management concerns:

• The wetness is the main limitation of this soil on sites for buildings, especially

buildings with basements.

• The seasonal wetness limits excavation and trafficability and may delay

construction activities in the winter and spring.

• The wetness and the slow permeability severely limit this soil as a site for septic

tank absorption fields.

• The low strength and the wetness are limitations on sites for local roads and

streets. Because this soil is soft when wet, the pavement cracks under heavy loads.

Management measures:

• Buildings can be constructed on well compacted fill material, which raises the site a

sufficient distance above the water table.

• The wetness can be reduced by installing a drainage system around structures with

basements or crawl spaces.

• An alternative system or a better suited soil should be considered for onsite sewage

disposal.

• Constructing roads on raised fill material and installing a drainage system help to

overcome the low strength and the wetness.

• Maintaining the plant cover on construction sites, establishing a plant cover in

unprotected areas, and providing for the proper disposal of surface runoff help to

control erosion and sedimentation.

Interpretive Groups

Land capability classification: 3w

Prime farmland: No

Hydric soil: No

Ua—Udorthents, smoothed

Setting

These soils are in nearly level to very steep areas that have been drastically

disturbed by excavating, grading, filling, or a combination of these practices; most

areas of the soils are the result of road construction or the construction of commercial

or industrial buildings, earthen dams, schools, or recreational sites, such as ball fields

(fig. 13). Many areas of these soils are in the Warm Springs Run watershed, in the

vicinity of Berkeley Springs, or along U.S. Route 522.
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

218

Composition

Udorthents: 95 percent

Dissimilar inclusions: 5 percent (native soils that occur mainly along the margins of

the mapped areas)

Typical Profile

Because the characteristics of these soils vary so much, a typical profile is not

given. The surface layer of these soils ranges from sandy loam to clay, with a wide

range in size, amount, and kind of rock fragments. Generally, the soils derived

from materials excavated from shale are loamy or clayey in texture, while the soils

derived from materials excavated from areas underlain by sandstone are sandy in

texture.

Soil Properties and Qualities

Drainage class: Varies

Permeability: Varies; commonly slow or very slow because the soils have been

compacted by heavy equipment

Available water capacity: Varies

Depth to the seasonal high water table: Varies

Flooding: Varies

Shrink-swell potential: Varies

Hazard of water erosion: Varies according to slope

Percentage of the surface covered by rock fragments: Varies

Natural fertility: Varies, but generally low

Reaction: Varies; however, generally very strongly acid or strongly acid in unlimed

areas

Figure 13.—A ball field constructed in an area of Udorthents, smoothed. Commonly called fill

material, these soils are in areas that excavation has drastically disturbed. The properties of

these soils are quite variable. Onsite investigation is needed to determine the suitability of

these soils for most uses.
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

219

Surface runoff: Varies according to slope

Depth to bedrock: Varies from very shallow in excavated areas to very deep in filled

areas

Bedrock type: Varies; exposed bedrock in some of the excavated areas

Minor Components

Dissimilar inclusions:

• The moderately deep Berks soils on convex uplands

• The shallow Weikert soils on convex uplands

• The somewhat poorly drained Clearbrook soils on linear to concave uplands

• The moderately well drained Ernest soils on concave footslopes

• Areas of Urban land

Use and Management

Uses: Most areas of these soils are used as road rights-of-way, for commercial or

industrial purposes, as school grounds, or for recreational activities.

Cropland

Suitability: Generally not suited

Pasture and Hayland

Suitability: Generally not suited

Woodland

Potential productivity: Varies but generally low

Management concerns:

• Because these soils commonly are compacted and have a low organic matter

content, it may be necessary to add organic matter in the form of compost or peat

moss to the soils when trees are planted.

Community Development

Suitability: These soils vary too much to rate. An onsite investigation is necessary to

determine the suitability of these soils as sites for sanitary facilities, buildings, and

other development.

Interpretive Groups

Land capability classification: Not assigned

Prime farmland: No

Hydric soil: No

Uu—Urban land-Udorthents complex, 0 to 25 percent

slopes

Setting

This map unit consists of nearly level to moderately steep areas that are covered

by buildings, roads, parking lots and other urban structures and areas of fill material

that has been drastically disturbed by excavating, grading, filling, or a combination

of these practices. It is mainly in the town of Berkeley Springs and along the U.S.

Route 522 corridor. The areas of Udorthents and Urban land are so intermingled on

the landscape that it was impractical to separate them in mapping.

Composition

Udorthents: 45 percent

Urban land: 45 pecent

Dissimilar inclusions: 10 percent (native soils)
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

220

Typical Profile

Udorthents

Because the characteristics of these soils vary so much, a typical profile is not

given. The surface layer of these soils ranges from sandy loam to clay, with a wide

range in size, amount, and kind of rock fragments. Generally, the soils derived from

materials excavated from shale are loamy or clayey in texture, while the soils

derived from materials excavated from areas underlain by sandstone are sandy in

texture.

Urban land

The Urban land is a nonsoil area; therefore, a typical profile is not given.

Soil Properties and Qualities

Udorthents

Drainage class: Varies

Permeability: Varies; commonly slow or very slow because the soils have been

compacted by heavy equipment

Available water capacity: Varies

Depth to the seasonal high water table: Varies

Flooding: Varies

Shrink-swell potential: Varies

Hazard of water erosion: Varies according to slope

Percentage of the surface covered by rock fragments: Varies

Natural fertility: Varies, but generally low

Reaction: Varies; however, generally very strongly acid or strongly acid in unlimed areas

Surface runoff: Varies according to slope

Depth to bedrock: Varies from very shallow in excavated areas to very deep in filled

areas

Bedrock type: Varies; exposed bedrock in some of the excavated areas

Urban land

In areas of Urban land, the original soil has been filled over or otherwise destroyed

prior to construction. Urban land consists of areas where at least 90 percent of the

surface is covered by asphalt, concrete, or other impervious material.

Minor Components

Dissimilar inclusions:

• The moderately deep Berks soils and the shallow Weikert soils on convex uplands

• The somewhat poorly drained Clearbrook soils on linear to concave uplands

• The moderately well drained Ernest soils and the moderately well drained

Buchanan soils on concave footslopes

• The moderately well drained Philo soils on flood plains

• The very deep Vanderlip soils on steep side slopes on Warm Springs Ridge

Use and Management

Uses: This map unit is not suited to cultivated crops, pasture, or woodland. Most

areas have been used for community development. Open areas are used mainly

for lawns, gardens, or recreational activities.

Community Development

Management measures:

• Sanitary facilities should be connected to public sewers and sewage treatment facilities.

• Maintaining the plant cover on construction sites, establishing a plant cover in

unprotected areas, and providing for the proper disposal of surface runoff help to

control erosion and sedimentation.
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

221

Interpretive Groups

Land capability classification: Not assigned

Prime farmland: No

Hydric soil: No

W—Water

Setting

This map unit consists of farm ponds and lakes that are more than 0.5 acre in size.

Most of these water bodies were formed by building an embankment or dam of

suitable soil material across a stream or watercourse to impound surface waters.

Some were built by excavating a pit into a ground-water aquifer.

Use and Management

The ponds and lakes are used for a variety of purposes, including water for

livestock, fish production, fire protection, wildlife habitat, recreation, erosion control,

and landscape improvement.

WaB—Weikert channery silt loam, 3 to 8 percent slopes

Setting

Landscape position: Gently sloping, convex, dissected hilltops and ridges

Composition

Weikert soil and similar soils: 85 percent

Dissimilar inclusions: 15 percent

Typical Profile

Surface layer:

0 to 6 inches—dark brown channery silt loam

Subsoil:

6 to 11 inches—yellowish brown very channery silt loam

Underlying material:

11 to 14 inches—yellowish brown extremely channery silt loam

Bedrock:

14 inches—tilted and fractured, olive brown shale

Soil Properties and Qualities

Drainage class: Somewhat excessively drained

Permeability: Moderately rapid (2.0 to 6.0 inches per hour)

Available water capacity: Very low

Seasonal high water table: None

Flooding: None

Shrink-swell potential: Low

Hazard of water erosion: Moderate

Percentage of the surface covered by rock fragments: None

Natural fertility: Very low

Reaction: In unlimed areas, extremely acid to strongly acid (pH 3.5 to 5.5)

Surface runoff: Low

Depth to bedrock: 10 to 20 inches

Bedrock type: Shale, siltstone, or fine grained sandstone; interbedded in many areas
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

222

Minor Components

Dissimilar inclusions:

• The somewhat poorly drained Clearbrook soils in depressions and on head slopes

• The very shallow Rough soils

• Small areas of rock outcrop

Similar soils:

• The moderately deep Berks soils

• Small areas of the moderately deep Calvin soils and the shallow Klinesville soils,

which have a reddish brown subsoil

• Soils with slopes of less than 3 percent or more than 8 percent

Use and Management

Uses: Most areas of this Weikert soil are wooded. A few areas have been cleared

and are used for pasture or as homesites.

Cropland

Suitability: Poorly suited (better suited to hay and pasture)

Management concerns:

• The hazard of erosion is moderate in unprotected areas.

• Severe droughtiness during the growing season and the very low natural fertility are

management concerns.

Management concerns:

• Conservation tillage, contour farming, cover crops, a cropping sequence that

includes grasses and legumes, and crop residue management help to control

erosion and to maintain fertility and tilth.

• Because of the droughtiness, this soil is better suited to early maturing small grain

than to late maturing crops, such as corn.

• Leaving crop residue on the surface and adding other organic material help to

conserve soil moisture.

• Applying lime and fertilizer according to the results of soil tests helps to ensure

maximum production.

Pasture and Hayland

Suitability: Suited

Management concerns:

• Establishing and maintaining a mixture of grasses and legumes and preventing

overgrazing are major concerns in pastured areas.

• Overgrazing causes surface compaction, increases the runoff rate and the hazard

of erosion, and reduces the vigor of the plant cover.

• The droughtiness limits forage production during midsummer.

• Water for livestock is scarce in areas of this soil, but potential sites where ponds or

springs can be developed are generally available along nearby drainageways.

Management measures:

• Proper stocking rates, a uniform distribution of grazing, and a planned grazing

system help to keep pastures in good condition.

• Establishing warm-season grasses in pastures helps to increase forage production

during midsummer.

• Applying lime and fertilizer according to the results of soil tests helps to ensure

maximum growth of forages, especially legumes.

Woodland

Potential productivity: Moderate

Management concerns:

• The limited depth to bedrock, the low natural fertility, and the droughtiness may

cause a moderate seedling mortality rate.
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

223

• Erosion is a hazard on logging roads and skid trails.

Management measures:

• Tree planting should be timed so that seedlings can take full advantage of spring

rains.

• Planting nursery stock that is larger than is typical or planting containerized

seedlings reduces the seedling mortality rate.

• Erosion can be minimized by building roads and skid trails on the contour and

seeding roads, trails, and log landings to perennial grasses and legumes.

Community Development

Suitability: Poorly suited

Management concerns:

• The hazard of erosion is moderate on construction sites.

• The depth to bedrock is a severe limitation on sites for septic tank absorption fields.

• The depth to bedrock is a limitation affecting excavations, building site

development, and road construction. In most areas, however, the bedrock is soft

enough to be excavated with conventional earthmoving equipment.

• Establishing and maintaining vegetation on roadbanks is difficult in areas of these

droughty soils, especially on south aspects.

• The rock fragments in the surface layer and the droughtiness make the

establishment of lawns difficult.

Management measures:

• Maintaining the plant cover on construction sites, establishing a plant cover in

unprotected areas, and providing for the proper disposal of surface runoff help to

control erosion and sedimentation.

• Selecting areas of the deepest soils for septic tank absorption fields, installing the

absorption fields on the contour, and oversizing the absorption fields help to

overcome the depth to bedrock.

• Drought-tolerant species, such as tall fescue and crownvetch, should be selected

for planting on roadbanks. Seeded areas should be mulched with straw.

Interpretive Groups

Land capability classification: 3e

Prime farmland: No

Hydric soil: No

WaC—Weikert channery silt loam, 8 to 15 percent slopes

Setting

Landscape position: Strongly sloping, convex, dissected hilltops, ridges, and shoulder

slopes

Composition

Weikert soil and similar soils: 85 percent

Dissimilar inclusions: 15 percent

Typical Profile

Surface layer:

0 to 5 inches—dark brown channery silt loam

Subsoil:

5 to 10 inches—yellowish brown very channery silt loam

Underlying material:

10 to 13 inches—yellowish brown extremely channery silt loam
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

224

Bedrock:

13 inches—tilted and fractured, olive brown shale

Soil Properties and Qualities

Drainage class: Somewhat excessively drained

Permeability: Moderately rapid (2.0 to 6.0 inches per hour)

Available water capacity: Very low

Seasonal high water table: None

Flooding: None

Shrink-swell potential: Low

Hazard of water erosion: Severe

Percentage of the surface covered by rock fragments: None

Natural fertility: Very low

Reaction: In unlimed areas, extremely acid to strongly acid (pH 3.5 to 5.5)

Surface runoff: Low

Depth to bedrock: 10 to 20 inches

Bedrock type: Shale, siltstone, or fine grained sandstone; interbedded in many areas

Minor Components

Dissimilar inclusions:

• The somewhat poorly drained Clearbrook soils on concave head slopes

• The very shallow Rough soil

• Small areas of rock outcrop

Similar soils:

• The moderately deep Berks soil

• Small areas of the moderately deep Calvin soils and the shallow Klinesville soils,

which have a reddish brown subsoil

• Soils that have slopes of less than 8 percent or more than 15 percent

Use and Management

Uses: Most areas of this Weikert soil are wooded. A few have been cleared and are

used for pasture or as homesites.

Cropland

Suitability: Not suited

Management concerns:

• The severe hazard of erosion, the severe droughtiness during the growing season,

and the very low natural fertility make this soil unsuited to conventional row crops.

Pasture and Hayland

Suitability: Suited to pasture; not suited to hay

Management concerns:

• Establishing and maintaining a mixture of grasses and legumes and preventing

overgrazing are major concerns in pastured areas.

• Overgrazing causes surface compaction, increases the runoff rate and the hazard

of erosion, and reduces the vigor of the plant cover.

• The droughtiness of these soils limits forage production during midsummer.

• Water for livestock is scarce in areas of this map unit, but potential sites where

ponds or springs can be developed are generally available along nearby

drainageways.

Management measures:

• Proper stocking rates, a uniform distribution of grazing, and a planned grazing

system help to keep pastures in good condition.

• Establishing warm-season grasses in pastures helps to increase forage production

during midsummer.
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

225

• Applying lime and fertilizer according to the results of soil tests helps to ensure

maximum growth of forages, especially legumes.

Woodland

Potential productivity: Moderate

Management concerns:

• The limited depth to bedrock, very low natural fertility, and droughtiness of this soil

may cause a moderate seedling mortality rate.

• Erosion is a hazard on logging roads and skid trails.

Management measures:

• Tree planting should be timed so that seedlings can take full advantage of spring

rains.

• Planting nursery stock that is larger than is typical or planting containerized

seedlings reduces the seedling mortality rate.

• Building logging roads and skid trails on the contour and seeding the roads, log

landings, and trails to perennial grasses and legumes reduce the hazard of erosion.

Community Development

Suitability: Poorly suited

Management concerns:

• The hazard of erosion is severe on construction sites.

• Depth to bedrock is a severe limitation on sites for septic tank absorption fields.

• The depth to bedrock and the slope are limitations affecting excavation, building site

development, and road construction. In most areas, however, the bedrock is soft

enough to be excavated with conventional earthmoving equipment.

• Establishing and maintaining vegetation on roadbanks is difficult in areas of these

droughty soils, especially on south aspects.

• The rock fragments in the surface layer and the droughtiness make the

establishment of lawns difficult.

Management measures:

• Maintaining the plant cover on construction sites, establishing a plant cover in

unprotected areas, and providing for the proper disposal of surface runoff help to

control erosion and sedimentation.

• Selecting areas of the deepest soils as sites for septic tank absorption fields,

installing the absorption field on the contour, and oversizing the absorption field can

help to overcome the depth to bedrock and the slope.

• Buildings should be designed so that they conform to the natural slope of the land.

Land shaping is necessary in some areas.

• Drought-tolerant species, such as tall fescue and crownvetch, should be selected

for planting on roadbanks.

• Areas that have been seeded should be mulched with straw.

Interpretive Groups

Land capability classification: 4e

Prime farmland: No

Hydric soil: No

WbC—Weikert-Berks channery silt loams, 8 to 15 percent

slopes

Setting

Landscape position: Strongly sloping, convex, dissected uplands; Weikert—on the

more sloping shoulder slopes and nose slopes; Berks—on the lesser sloping

ridgetops and shoulder slopes
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

226

Note: The two soils occur as areas so intermingled on the landscape that it was

impractical to map them separately.

Composition

Weikert soil and similar soils: 45 percent

Berks soil and similar soils: 40 percent

Dissimilar inclusions: 15 percent

Typical Profile

Weikert

Surface layer:

0 to 6 inches—dark brown channery silt loam

Subsoil:

6 to 14 inches—yellowish brown very channery silt loam

Underlying material:

14 to 18 inches—yellowish brown extremely channery silt loam

Bedrock:

18 inches—gray, fractured shale

Berks

Surface layer:

0 to 7 inches—brown channery silt loam

Subsoil:

7 to 12 inches—brown channery silt loam

12 to 21 inches—yellowish brown and strong brown very channery silt loam

Underlying material:

21 to 25 inches—strong brown and yellowish brown extremely channery silt loam

Bedrock:

25 inches—yellowish brown, fractured shale

Soil Properties and Qualities

Weikert

Drainage class: Somewhat excessively drained

Permeability: Moderately rapid (2.0 to 6.0 inches per hour)

Available water capacity: Very low

Seasonal high water table: None

Flooding: None

Shrink-swell potential: Low

Hazard of water erosion: Severe

Percentage of the surface covered by rock fragments: None

Natural fertility: Low

Reaction: In unlimed areas, extremely acid to strongly acid (pH 3.5 to 5.5)

Surface runoff: Low

Depth to bedrock: 10 to 20 inches

Bedrock type: Shale, siltstone, or fine grained sandstone; interbedded in many

areas

Berks

Drainage class: Well drained

Permeability: Moderate or moderately rapid (0.6 inch to 6.0 inches per hour)

Available water capacity: Very low or low
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

227

Seasonal high water table: None

Flooding: None

Shrink-swell potential: Low

Hazard of water erosion: Severe

Percentage of the surface covered by rock fragments: None

Natural fertility: Low

Reaction: In unlimed areas, extremely acid to strongly acid (pH 3.5 to 5.5)

Surface runoff: Medium

Depth to bedrock: 20 to 40 inches

Bedrock type: Shale, siltstone, or fine grained sandstone; interbedded in many

areas

Minor Components

Dissimilar inclusions:

• The somewhat poorly drained Clearbrook soils and the somewhat poorly drained

Cavode soils on concave head slopes and along drainageways

• Small areas of the moderately well drained Ernest soils on footslopes

• Small areas of the very deep Rushtown soils on slopes adjacent to major streams

Similar soils:

• Small areas of the moderately deep Calvin soils and the shallow Klinesville soils,

which have a reddish brown subsoil

• Soils that are more than 40 inches deep over bedrock

• Soils that have slopes of less than 8 percent or more than 15 percent

Use and Management

Uses: Most areas of these Weikert and Berks soils are wooded. Some have been

cleared and are used for hay and pasture. A few are used for cultivated crops,

orchards, or community development.

Cropland

Suitability: Limited (better suited to hay or pasture)

Management concerns:

• The hazard of erosion is severe in unprotected areas.

• Droughtiness during the growing season and the low natural fertility are

management concerns.

Management measures:

• Conservation tillage, contour farming, contour stripcropping, cover crops, a

cropping sequence that includes grasses and legumes, and crop residue

management help to control erosion and to maintain fertility and tilth.

• Because of the droughtiness, these soils are better suited to early maturing small

grain than to late maturing crops, such as corn.

• Leaving crop residue on the surface and adding other organic material help to

conserve soil moisture.

• Applying lime and fertilizer according to the results of soil tests helps to ensure

maximum production.

Pasture and Hayland

Suitability: Suited

Management concerns:

• Establishing and maintaining a mixture of grasses and legumes and preventing

overgrazing are major concerns in pastured areas.

• Overgrazing causes surface compaction, increases the runoff rate and the hazard

of erosion, and reduces the vigor of the plant cover.

• The droughtiness of these soils limits forage production during midsummer.
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

228

• Water for livestock is scarce in areas of this map unit, but potential sites where

ponds or springs can be developed are generally available along nearby

drainageways.

• Erosion is a severe hazard if the sod is removed by overgrazing.

Management measures:

• Proper stocking rates, a uniform distribution of grazing, and a planned grazing

system help to keep pastures in good condition.

• Establishing warm-season grasses in pastures helps to increase forage production

during midsummer.

• Applying lime and fertilizer according to the results of soil tests helps to ensure

maximum growth of forages, especially legumes.

Woodland

Potential productivity: Moderate or moderately high

Management concerns:

• Seedling mortality is a concern in areas of the Weikert soil because of the

droughtiness.

• Erosion is a hazard on logging roads and skid trails.

Management measures:

• Planting should be timed so that seedlings can take full advantage of spring rains.

• Planting nursery stock that is larger than is typical or planting containerized

seedlings reduces the seedling mortality rate.

• Building logging roads and skid trails on the contour and seeding the roads,

log landings, and trails to perennial grasses and legumes reduce the hazard of

erosion.

Community Development

Suitability: Poorly suited

Management concerns:

• The hazard of erosion is severe on construction sites.

• The depth to bedrock is a limitation on sites for septic tank absorption fields.

• The depth to bedrock and the slope are moderate limitations affecting excavations,

building sites, and road construction. In most areas, however, the bedrock is soft

enough to be excavated with conventional earthmoving equipment.

• Establishing and maintaining vegetation on roadbanks is difficult in areas of these

droughty soils, especially on south-facing slopes.

• The rock fragments in the surface layer and the droughtiness make the

establishment of lawns difficult.

Management measures:

• Maintaining the plant cover on construction sites, establishing a plant cover in

unprotected areas, and providing for the proper disposal of surface runoff help to

control erosion and sedimentation.

• Selecting areas of the deepest soils for septic tank absorption fields, installing the

absorption field on the contour, and oversizing the absorption field can help to

overcome the depth to bedrock and the slope.

• Buildings should be designed so that they conform to the natural slope of the land.

Land shaping is necessary in some areas.

• Drought-tolerant species, such as tall fescue and crownvetch, should be selected

for planting on roadbanks.

• Areas that have been seeded should be mulched with straw.

Interpretive Groups

Land capability classification: 4e

Prime farmland: No

Hydric soil: No
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

229

WbD—Weikert-Berks channery silt loams, 15 to

25 percent slopes

Setting

Landscape position: Moderately steep, convex, dissected uplands; Weikert—on the

more sloping shoulder slopes and nose slopes; Berks—on the lesser sloping

ridgetops and shoulder slopes

Note: The two soils occur as areas so intermingled on the landscape that it was

impractical to separate them in mapping.

Composition

Weikert soil and similar soils: 50 percent

Berks soil and similar soils: 35 percent

Dissimilar inclusions: 15 percent

Typical Profile

Weikert

Surface layer:

0 to 4 inches—dark brown channery silt loam

Subsoil:

4 to 12 inches—yellowish brown very channery silt loam

Underlying material:

12 to 16 inches—yellowish brown extremely channery silt loam

Bedrock:

16 inches—gray, fractured shale

Berks

Surface layer:

0 to 5 inches—brown channery silt loam

Subsoil:

5 to 10 inches—brown channery silt loam

10 to 19 inches—yellowish brown and strong brown very channery silt loam

Underlying material:

19 to 23 inches—strong brown and yellowish brown extremely channery

loam

Bedrock:

23 inches—yellowish brown shale

Soil Properties and Qualities

Weikert

Drainage class: Somewhat excessively drained

Permeability: Moderately rapid (2.0 to 6.0 inches per hour)

Available water capacity: Very low

Seasonal high water table: None

Flooding: None

Shrink-swell potential: Low

Hazard of water erosion: Severe

Percentage of the surface covered by rock fragments: None

Natural fertility: Low

Reaction: In unlimed areas, extremely acid to strongly acid (pH 3.5 to 5.5)

Surface runoff: Medium
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

230

Depth to bedrock: 10 to 20 inches

Bedrock type: Shale, siltstone, or fine grained sandstone; interbedded in many

areas

Berks

Drainage class: Well drained

Permeability: Moderate or moderately rapid (0.6 inch to 6.0 inches per hour)

Available water capacity: Very low or low

Seasonal high water table: None

Flooding: None

Shrink-swell potential: Low

Hazard of water erosion: Severe

Percentage of the surface covered by rock fragments: None

Natural fertility: Low

Reaction: In unlimed areas, extremely acid to strongly acid (pH 3.5 to 5.5)

Surface runoff: High

Depth to bedrock: 20 to 40 inches

Bedrock type: Shale, siltstone, or fine grained sandstone; interbedded in many areas

Minor Components

Dissimilar inclusions:

• The very shallow Rough soils

• Small areas of the very deep Rushtown soils on slopes adjacent to major streams

• Small areas of rock outcrop

• Small areas of the moderately well drained Ernest soils on footslopes

• Small areas of Philo soils that are subject to flooding and are on narrow flood plains

along small streams

• Small areas of the somewhat poorly drained Clearbrook and Cavode soils on

concave head slopes and along drainageways

Similar soils:

• Small areas of the moderately deep Calvin soils and the shallow Klinesville soils,

which have a reddish brown subsoil

• Soils that are more than 40 inches deep over bedrock

• Soils with slopes of less than 15 percent or more than 25 percent

Use and Management

Uses: Most areas of these Weikert and Berks soils are wooded. Some are used for

hay and pasture. A few small areas have been used for community development.

Cropland

Suitability: Not suited

Management concerns:

• Because of the moderately steep slopes, the severe hazard of erosion, the

droughtiness, and the low natural fertility, these soils are not suited to cultivated

crops.

Pasture and Hayland

Suitability: Not suited to hay; limited suitability for pasture

Management concerns:

• Erosion is a severe hazard if the sod is removed by overgrazing.

• Establishing and maintaining a mixture of grasses and legumes and preventing

overgrazing are major concerns in pastured areas.

• Overgrazing causes surface compaction, increases the runoff rate and the hazard

of erosion, and reduces the vigor of the plant cover.

• The droughtiness of these soils limits forage production during midsummer.
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

231

• Water for livestock is scarce in areas of this map unit, but potential sites where

ponds or springs can be developed are available along nearby drainageways in

some areas.

Management measures:

• Proper stocking rates, a uniform distribution of grazing, and a planned grazing

system help to keep pastures in good condition.

• Establishing warm-season grasses in pastures helps to increase forage production

during midsummer.

• Applying lime and fertilizer according to the results of soil tests helps to ensure

maximum growth of forages, especially legumes.

Woodland

Potential productivity: Moderate on south-facing slopes; moderate or moderately high

on north-facing slopes

Management concerns:

• Erosion is a hazard on logging roads and skid trails.

• The slope is a moderate limitation affecting equipment operation.

• The limited depth to bedrock, the low natural fertility, and the droughtiness of these

soils may cause a moderate seedling mortality rate, especially on south-facing

slopes.

Management measures:

• Because of the hazard of erosion, water should be removed from logging roads by

water bars, outsloping or insloping road surfaces, culverts, and drop structures.

• Building logging roads on the contour or on the gentler slopes and seeding logging

roads, skid trails, and log landings after the trees are logged also helps to prevent

excessive erosion.

• Logging roads should be designed so that their grade is less than 15 percent

whenever possible.

• Planting nursery stock that is larger than is typical or planting containerized

seedlings reduces the seedling mortality rate.

• Tree planting should be timed so that seedlings can take full advantage of spring

rains.

Community Development

Suitability: Poorly suited

Management concerns:

• The hazard of erosion on construction sites is severe.

• The depth to bedrock and the slope are severe limitations on sites for septic tank

absorption fields. Effluent from absorption fields may surface in downslope areas.

• The slope is a severe limitation affecting excavations, building sites, and road

construction. Extensive land shaping is necessary in most areas.

• The bedrock may interfere with excavation for roads and foundations. In most areas,

however, the bedrock is soft enough to excavate with conventional earthmoving

equipment.

• Establishing and maintaining vegetation on roadbanks is difficult in areas of these

droughty soils, especially on south-facing slopes.

• The rock fragments in the surface layer and the droughtiness make the

establishment of lawns difficult.

Management measures:

• Maintaining the plant cover on construction sites, establishing a plant cover in

unprotected areas, and providing for the proper disposal of surface runoff help to

control erosion and sedimentation.

• Selecting areas of the deepest soils for septic tank absorption fields, installing the

absorption field on the contour, and oversizing the absorption field can help to

overcome the slope and the depth to bedrock.
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

232

• Buildings and roads should be designed so that they conform to the natural slope of

the land.

• Drought-tolerant species, such as tall fescue and crownvetch, should be selected

for planting on roadbanks.

• Seeded areas should be mulched with straw.

Interpretive Groups

Land capability classification: 6e

Prime farmland: No

Hydric soil: No

WkF—Weikert-Berks very channery silt loams, 25 to

70 percent slopes

Setting

Landscape position: Steep or very steep, convex, dissected uplands; Weikert—

dominantly on south aspects and on the very steep shoulder slopes and nose

slopes; Berks—dominantly on north aspects and on steep side slopes

Note: The two soils occur as areas so intermingled on the landscape that it was

impractical to separate them in mapping.

Composition

Weikert soil and similar soils: 50 percent

Berks soil and similar soils: 35 percent

Dissimilar inclusions: 15 percent

Typical Profile

Weikert

Surface layer:

0 to 1 inch—slightly decomposed organic matter from hardwood leaf litter

1 to 3 inches—very dark grayish brown very channery silt loam

Subsoil:

3 to 14 inches—yellowish brown very channery silt loam

Bedrock:

14 inches—tilted and fractured, gray shale

Berks

Surface layer:

0 to 1 inch—slightly decomposed, organic matter from hardwood leaf litter

1 to 3 inches—dark brown very channery silt loam

Subsoil:

3 to 13 inches—dark yellowish brown very channery loam

13 to 25 inches—yellowish brown very channery silt loam

Bedrock:

25 inches—yellowish brown shale

Soil Properties and Qualities

Weikert

Drainage class: Somewhat excessively drained

Permeability: Moderately rapid (2.0 to 6.0 inches per hour)

Available water capacity: Very low

Seasonal high water table: None
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233

Flooding: None

Shrink-swell potential: Low

Hazard of water erosion: Very severe

Percentage of the surface covered by rock fragments: None

Natural fertility: Low

Reaction: In unlimed areas, extremely acid to strongly acid (pH 3.5 to 5.5)

Surface runoff: Medium

Depth to bedrock: 10 to 20 inches

Bedrock type: Shale, siltstone, or fine grained sandstone; interbedded in many

areas

Berks

Drainage class: Well drained

Permeability: Moderate or moderately rapid (0.6 inch to 6.0 inches per hour)

Available water capacity: Very low or low

Depth to the seasonal high water table: More than 6 feet

Flooding: None

Shrink-swell potential: Low

Hazard of water erosion: Very severe

Percentage of the surface covered by rock fragments: None

Natural fertility: Low

Reaction: In unlimed areas, extremely acid to strongly acid (pH 3.5 to 5.5)

Surface runoff: High

Depth to bedrock: 20 to 40 inches

Bedrock type: Shale, siltstone, or fine grained sandstone; interbedded in many

areas

Minor Components

Dissimilar inclusions:

• The moderately well drained Ernest soils on small, concave footslopes

• Small areas of the very shallow Rough soils

• Small areas of the very deep Rushtown soils on slopes adjacent to the major

streams

• Small areas of the Philo or Pope soils that are subject to flooding and are on narrow

flood plains along small streams

• Areas of rock outcrop

Similar soils:

• The somewhat excessively drained Dekalb soils

• The moderately deep Calvin soils and the shallow Klinesville soils, which have a

reddish brown subsoil

• Soils that are more than 40 inches deep over bedrock

• Soils with slopes of less than 25 percent or more than 70 percent

Use and Management

Uses: Most areas of these Weikert and Berks soils are wooded. A few small areas

have been cleared and are used as pasture.

Cropland

Suitability: Not suited

Management concerns:

• Because of the very steep slopes, the droughtiness, and the low natural fertility,

these soils are not suited to cultivated crops.

Pasture and Hayland

Suitability: Not suited
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234

Management concerns:

• Because of the very steep slopes and the very severe hazard of erosion, these

soils are not suited to hay and pasture.

Woodland

Potential productivity: Moderate on south aspects; moderate or moderately high on

north aspects

Management concerns:

• Erosion is a severe hazard on logging roads and skid trails.

• Operating logging equipment is hazardous because of the steep and very steep

slopes.

• The limited depth to bedrock, the low natural fertility, and the droughtiness of these

soils may cause a moderate seedling mortality rate, especially on south aspects.

Management measures:

• Because of the slope, special care is needed in laying out logging roads and log

landings and in operating logging equipment.

• Logging roads should be designed so that they conform to the topography.

• Logging roads should be designed so that their grade is less than 15 percent

whenever possible.

• Because of the hazard of erosion, water should be removed from logging roads by

water bars, outsloping or insloping road surfaces, culverts, and drop structures.

• Seeding logging roads, skid trails, and log landings to perennial grasses and

legumes after the trees are logged helps to prevent excessive erosion.

• Planting nursery stock that is larger than is typical or planting containerized

seedlings reduces the seedling mortality rate.

• Tree planting should be timed so that seedlings can take full advantage of spring

rains.

Community Development

Suitability: Not suited

Management concerns:

• The steep and very steep slopes and the limited depth to bedrock are severe

limitations affecting community development.

Interpretive Groups

Land capability classification: 7e

Prime farmland: No

Hydric soil: No
235

Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

This soil survey is an inventory and evaluation of the soils in the survey area. It can

be used to adjust land uses to the limitations and potentials of natural resources and

the environment. Also, it can help to prevent soil-related failures in land uses.

In preparing a soil survey, soil scientists, conservationists, engineers, and others

collect extensive field data about the nature and behavioral characteristics of the

soils. They collect data on erosion, droughtiness, flooding, and other factors that

affect various soil uses and management. Field experience and collected data on soil

properties and performance are used as a basis in predicting soil behavior.

Information in this section can be used to plan the use and management of soils

for crops and pasture; as forestland; as sites for buildings, sanitary facilities, highways

and other transportation systems, and parks and other recreational facilities; for

agricultural waste management; and as wildlife habitat. It can be used to identify the

potentials and limitations of each soil for specific land uses and to help prevent

construction failures caused by unfavorable soil properties.

Planners and others using soil survey information can evaluate the effect of

specific land uses on productivity and on the environment in all or part of the survey

area. The survey can help planners to maintain or create a land use pattern in

harmony with the natural soil.

Contractors can use this survey to locate sources of gravel, sand, reclamation

material, roadfill, and topsoil. They can use it to identify areas where bedrock,

wetness, or very firm soil layers can cause difficulty in excavation.

Health officials, highway officials, engineers, and others may also find this survey

useful. The survey can help them plan the safe disposal of wastes and locate sites for

pavements, sidewalks, campgrounds, playgrounds, lawns, and trees and shrubs.

Interpretive Ratings

The interpretive tables in this survey rate the soils in the survey area for various

uses. Many of the tables identify the limitations that affect specified uses and indicate

the severity of those limitations. The ratings in these tables are both verbal and

numerical.

Rating Class Terms

Rating classes are expressed in the tables in terms that indicate the extent to

which the soils are limited by all of the soil features that affect a specified use or in

terms that indicate the suitability of the soils for the use. Thus, the tables may show

limitation classes or suitability classes. Terms for the limitation classes are not limited,

somewhat limited, and very limited. The suitability ratings are expressed as well

suited, moderately suited, poorly suited, and unsuited or as good, fair, and poor.

Numerical Ratings

Numerical ratings in the tables indicate the relative severity of individual limitations.

The ratings are shown as decimal fractions ranging from 0.00 to 1.00. They indicate

gradations between the point at which a soil feature has the greatest negative impact

Use and Management of the Soils
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236

on the use and the point at which the soil feature is not a limitation. The limitations

appear in order from the most limiting to the least limiting. Thus, if more than one

limitation is identified, the most severe limitation is listed first and the least severe one

is listed last.

Crops and Pasture

General management needed for crops and pasture is suggested in this section.

The estimated yields of the main crops and pasture plants are listed, and the system

of land capability classification used by the Natural Resources Conservation Service

is explained.

Planners of management systems for individual fields or farms should consider the

detailed information given in the description of each soil under the heading “Detailed

Soil Map Units.” Specific information can be obtained from the local office of the

Natural Resources Conservation Service or the Cooperative Extension Service.

Yields per Acre

The average yields per acre that can be expected of the principal crops under a

high level of management are shown in table 5. In any given year, yields may be

higher or lower than those indicated in the table because of variations in rainfall and

other climatic factors. The land capability classification of map units in the survey area

also is shown in the table.

The yields are based mainly on the experience and records of farmers,

conservationists, and extension agents. Available yield data from nearby counties and

results of field trials and demonstrations also are considered.

The management needed to obtain the indicated yields of the various crops

depends on the kind of soil and the crop. Management can include drainage, erosion

control, and protection from flooding; the proper planting and seeding rates; suitable

high-yielding crop varieties; appropriate and timely tillage; control of weeds, plant

diseases, and harmful insects; favorable soil reaction and optimum levels of nitrogen,

phosphorus, potassium, and trace elements for each crop; effective use of crop

residue, barnyard manure, and green manure crops; and harvesting that ensures the

smallest possible loss.

The estimated yields reflect the productive capacity of each soil for each of the

principal crops. Yields are likely to increase as new production technology is

developed. The productivity of a given soil compared with that of other soils, however,

is not likely to change.

Crops other than those shown in table 5 are grown in the survey area, but

estimated yields are not listed because the acreage of such crops is small. The local

office of the Natural Resources Conservation Service or the Cooperative Extension

Service can provide information about the management and productivity of the soils

for those crops.

Land Capability Classification

Land capability classification shows, in a general way, the suitability of soils for

most kinds of field crops. Crops that require special management are excluded. The

soils are grouped according to their limitations for field crops, the risk of damage if

they are used for crops, and the way they respond to management. The criteria used

in grouping the soils do not include major and generally expensive landforming that

would change slope, depth, or other characteristics of the soils, nor do they include

possible but unlikely major reclamation projects. Capability classification is not a

substitute for interpretations designed to show suitability and limitations of groups of

soils for forestland or for engineering purposes.
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237

In the capability system, soils are generally grouped at three levels—capability

class, subclass, and unit.

Capability classes, the broadest groups, are designated by the numbers 1 through

8. The numbers indicate progressively greater limitations and narrower choices for

practical use. The classes are defined as follows:

Class 1 soils have slight limitations that restrict their use.

Class 2 soils have moderate limitations that restrict the choice of plants or that

require moderate conservation practices.

Class 3 soils have severe limitations that restrict the choice of plants or that require

special conservation practices, or both.

Class 4 soils have very severe limitations that restrict the choice of plants or that

require very careful management, or both.

Class 5 soils are subject to little or no erosion but have other limitations,

impractical to remove, that restrict their use mainly to pasture, rangeland, forestland,

or wildlife habitat.

Class 6 soils have severe limitations that make them generally unsuitable for

cultivation and that restrict their use mainly to pasture, rangeland, forestland, or

wildlife habitat.

Class 7 soils have very severe limitations that make them unsuitable for cultivation

and that restrict their use mainly to grazing, forestland, or wildlife habitat.

Class 8 soils and miscellaneous areas have limitations that preclude commercial

plant production and that restrict their use to recreational purposes, wildlife habitat,

watershed, or esthetic purposes.

Capability subclasses are soil groups within one class. They are designated by

adding a small letter, e, w, s, or c, to the class numeral, for example, 2e. The letter e

shows that the main hazard is the risk of erosion unless close-growing plant cover is

maintained; w shows that water in or on the soil interferes with plant growth or

cultivation (in some soils the wetness can be partly corrected by artificial drainage); s

shows that the soil is limited mainly because it is shallow, droughty, or stony; and c,

used in only some parts of the United States, shows that the chief limitation is climate

that is very cold or very dry.

In class 1 there are no subclasses because the soils of this class have few

limitations. Class 5 contains only the subclasses indicated by w, s, or c because the

soils in class 5 are subject to little or no erosion. They have other limitations that

restrict their use to pasture, rangeland, forestland, wildlife habitat, or recreation.

The acreage of soils in each capability class or subclass is shown in table 6. The

capability classification of map units in this survey area is given in the section

“Detailed Soil Map Units” and in the yields table.

Prime Farmland

Prime farmland is one of several kinds of important farmland defined by the U.S.

Department of Agriculture. It is of major importance in meeting the Nation’s short- and

long-range needs for food and fiber. Because the supply of high-quality farmland is

limited, the U.S. Department of Agriculture recognizes that responsible levels of

government, as well as individuals, should encourage and facilitate the wise use of

our Nation’s prime farmland.

Prime farmland, as defined by the U.S. Department of Agriculture, is land that has

the best combination of physical and chemical characteristics for producing food,

feed, forage, fiber, and oilseed crops and is available for these uses. It could be

cultivated land, pastureland, forestland, or other land, but it is not urban or built-up

land or water areas. The soil qualities, growing season, and moisture supply are

those needed for the soil to economically produce sustained high yields of crops
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

238

when proper management, including water management, and acceptable farming

methods are applied. In general, prime farmland has an adequate and dependable

supply of moisture from precipitation or irrigation, a favorable temperature and

growing season, acceptable acidity or alkalinity, an acceptable salt and sodium

content, and few or no rocks. It is permeable to water and air. It is not excessively

erodible or saturated with water for long periods, and it either is not frequently flooded

during the growing season or is protected from flooding. Slope ranges mainly from

0 to 6 percent. More detailed information about the criteria for prime farmland is

available at the local office of the Natural Resources Conservation Service.

About 6,600 acres in the survey area, or nearly 4.5 percent of the total acreage,

meets the soil requirements for prime farmland. Scattered areas of this land are

throughout the county, but most are on the flood plains and stream terraces of the

Potomac River, the Cacapon River, and Sleepy Creek, mainly in map unit 5,

Monongahela-Philo-Combs-Holly, which is described under the heading “General Soil

Map Units.”

A recent trend in land use in some parts of the survey area has been the loss of

some prime farmland to industrial and urban uses. The loss of prime farmland to

other uses puts pressure on marginal lands, which generally are more erodible,

droughty, and less productive and cannot be easily cultivated.

The map units in the survey area that are considered prime farmland are listed in

table 7. This list does not constitute a recommendation for a particular land use. On

some soils included in the list, measures that overcome a hazard or limitation, such

as flooding, wetness, and droughtiness, are needed. Onsite evaluation is needed to

determine whether or not the hazard or limitation has been overcome by corrective

measures. The extent of each listed map unit is shown in table 4. The location is

shown on the detailed soil maps. The soil qualities that affect use and management

are described under the heading “Detailed Soil Map Units.”

Agricultural Waste Management

Soil properties are important considerations in areas where soils are used as sites

for the treatment and disposal of organic waste and wastewater. Selection of soils

with properties that favor waste management can help to prevent environmental

damage.

Tables 8a and 8b show the degree and kind of soil limitations affecting the

treatment of agricultural waste, including municipal and food-processing wastewater

and effluent from lagoons or storage ponds. Municipal wastewater is the waste

stream from a municipality. It contains domestic waste and may contain industrial

waste. It may have received primary or secondary treatment. It is rarely untreated

sewage. Food-processing wastewater results from the preparation of fruits,

vegetables, milk, cheese, and meats for public consumption. In places it is high in

content of sodium and chloride. In the context of these tables, the effluent in lagoons

and storage ponds is from facilities used to treat or store food-processing wastewater

or domestic or animal waste. Domestic and food-processing wastewater is very dilute,

and the effluent from the facilities that treat or store it commonly is very low in content

of carbonaceous and nitrogenous material; the content of nitrogen commonly ranges

from 10 to 30 milligrams per liter. The wastewater from animal waste treatment

lagoons or storage ponds, however, has much higher concentrations of these

materials, mainly because the manure has not been diluted as much as the domestic

waste. The content of nitrogen in this wastewater generally ranges from 50 to

2,000 milligrams per liter. When wastewater is applied, checks should be made to

ensure that nitrogen, heavy metals, and salts are not added in excessive amounts.

The ratings in the tables are for waste management systems that not only dispose

of and treat organic waste or wastewater but also are beneficial to crops (application
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

239

of manure and food-processing waste, application of sewage sludge, and disposal of

wastewater by irrigation) and for waste management systems that are designed only

for the purpose of wastewater disposal and treatment (overland flow of wastewater,

rapid infiltration of wastewater, and slow rate treatment of wastewater).

The ratings are both verbal and numerical. Rating class terms indicate the extent

to which the soils are limited by all of the soil features that affect agricultural waste

management. Not limited indicates that the soil has features that are very favorable

for the specified use. Good performance and very low maintenance can be expected.

Somewhat limited indicates that the soil has features that are moderately favorable for

the specified use. The limitations can be overcome or minimized by special planning,

design, or installation. Fair performance and moderate maintenance can be expected.

Very limited indicates that the soil has one or more features that are unfavorable for

the specified use. The limitations generally cannot be overcome without major soil

reclamation, special design, or expensive installation procedures. Poor performance

and high maintenance can be expected.

Numerical ratings in the tables indicate the severity of individual limitations. The

ratings are shown as decimal fractions ranging from 0.01 to 1.00. They indicate

gradations between the point at which a soil feature has the greatest negative

impact on the use (1.00) and the point at which the soil feature is not a limitation

(0.00).

Application of manure and food-processing waste not only disposes of waste

material but also can improve crop production by increasing the supply of nutrients in

the soils where the material is applied. Manure is the excrement of livestock and

poultry, and food-processing waste is damaged fruit and vegetables and the peelings,

stems, leaves, pits, and soil particles removed in food preparation. The manure and

food-processing waste are either solid, slurry, or liquid. Their nitrogen content varies.

A high content of nitrogen limits the application rate. Toxic or otherwise dangerous

wastes, such as those mixed with the lye used in food processing, are not considered

in the ratings.

The ratings are based on the soil properties that affect absorption, plant growth,

microbial activity, erodibility, the rate at which the waste is applied, and the method by

which the waste is applied. The properties that affect absorption include permeability,

depth to a water table, ponding, the sodium adsorption ratio, depth to bedrock or a

cemented pan, and available water capacity. The properties that affect plant growth

and microbial activity include reaction, the sodium adsorption ratio, salinity, and bulk

density. The wind erodibility group, the soil erodibility factor K, and slope are

considered in estimating the likelihood that wind erosion or water erosion will

transport the waste material from the application site. Stones, cobbles, a water table,

ponding, and flooding can hinder the application of waste. Frozen soils are unsuitable

for waste treatment.

Application of sewage sludge not only disposes of waste material but also can

improve crop production by increasing the supply of nutrients in the soils where the

material is applied. In the context of this table, sewage sludge is the residual product

of the treatment of municipal sewage. The solid component consists mainly of cell

mass, primarily bacteria cells that developed during secondary treatment and have

incorporated soluble organics into their own bodies. The sludge has small amounts of

sand, silt, and other solid debris. The content of nitrogen varies. Some sludge has

constituents that are toxic to plants or hazardous to the food chain, such as heavy

metals and exotic organic compounds, and should be analyzed chemically prior to

use.

The content of water in the sludge ranges from about 98 percent to less than

40 percent. The sludge is considered liquid if it is more than about 90 percent water,

slurry if it is about 50 to 90 percent water, and solid if it is less than about 50 percent

water.
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

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The ratings in the table are based on the soil properties that affect absorption,

plant growth, microbial activity, erodibility, the rate at which the sludge is applied, and

the method by which the sludge is applied. The properties that affect absorption, plant

growth, and microbial activity include permeability, depth to a water table, ponding,

the sodium adsorption ratio, depth to bedrock or a cemented pan, available water

capacity, reaction, salinity, and bulk density. The wind erodibility group, the soil

erodibility factor K, and slope are considered in estimating the likelihood that wind

erosion or water erosion will transport the waste material from the application site.

Stones, cobbles, a water table, ponding, and flooding can hinder the application of

sludge. Frozen soils are unsuitable for waste treatment.

Disposal of wastewater by irrigation not only disposes of municipal wastewater and

wastewater from food-processing plants, lagoons, and storage ponds but also can

improve crop production by increasing the amount of water available to crops. The

ratings in the table are based on the soil properties that affect the design,

construction, management, and performance of the irrigation system. The properties

that affect design and management include the sodium adsorption ratio, depth to a

water table, ponding, available water capacity, permeability, slope, and flooding. The

properties that affect construction include stones, cobbles, depth to bedrock or a

cemented pan, depth to a water table, and ponding. The properties that affect

performance include depth to bedrock or a cemented pan, bulk density, the sodium

adsorption ratio, salinity, reaction, and the cation-exchange capacity, which is used to

estimate the capacity of a soil to adsorb heavy metals. Frozen soils are not suitable

for disposal of wastewater by irrigation.

Overland flow of wastewater is a process in which wastewater is applied to the

upper reaches of sloped land and allowed to flow across vegetated surfaces,

sometimes called terraces, to runoff-collection ditches. The length of the run

generally is 150 to 300 feet. The application rate ranges from 2.5 to 16.0 inches

per week. It commonly exceeds the rate needed for irrigation of cropland. The

wastewater leaves solids and nutrients on the vegetated surfaces as it flows

downslope in a thin film. Most of the water reaches the collection ditch, some is

lost through evapotranspiration, and a small amount may percolate to the ground

water.

The ratings in the table are based on the soil properties that affect absorption,

plant growth, microbial activity, and the design and construction of the system.

Reaction and the cation-exchange capacity affect absorption. Reaction, salinity, and

the sodium adsorption ratio affect plant growth and microbial activity. Slope,

permeability, depth to a water table, ponding, flooding, depth to bedrock or a

cemented pan, stones, and cobbles affect design and construction. Frozen soils are

unsuitable for waste treatment.

Rapid infiltration of wastewater is a process in which wastewater applied in a

level basin at a rate of 4 to 120 inches per week percolates through the soil. The

wastewater may eventually reach the ground water. The application rate commonly

exceeds the rate needed for irrigation of cropland. Vegetation is not a necessary

part of the treatment; hence, the basins may or may not be vegetated. The thickness

of the soil material needed for proper treatment of the wastewater is more than

72 inches. As a result, geologic and hydrologic investigation is needed to

ensure proper design and performance and to determine the risk of ground-water

pollution.

The ratings in the table are based on the soil properties that affect the risk of

pollution and the design, construction, and performance of the system. Depth to a

water table, ponding, flooding, and depth to bedrock or a cemented pan affect the risk

of pollution and the design and construction of the system. Slope, stones, and

cobbles also affect design and construction. Permeability and reaction affect

performance. Frozen soils are unsuitable for waste treatment.
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

241

Slow rate treatment of wastewater is a process in which wastewater is applied to

land at a rate normally between 0.5 inch and 4.0 inches per week. The application

rate commonly exceeds the rate needed for irrigation of cropland. The applied

wastewater is treated as it moves through the soil. Much of the treated water may

percolate to the ground water, and some enters the atmosphere through

evapotranspiration. The applied water generally is not allowed to run off the surface.

Waterlogging is prevented either through control of the application rate or through the

use of tile drains, or both.

The ratings in the table are based on the soil properties that affect absorption,

plant growth, microbial activity, erodibility, and the application of waste. The properties

that affect absorption include the sodium adsorption ratio, depth to a water table,

ponding, available water capacity, permeability, depth to bedrock or a cemented pan,

reaction, the cation-exchange capacity, and slope. Reaction, the sodium adsorption

ratio, salinity, and bulk density affect plant growth and microbial activity. The wind

erodibility group, the soil erodibility factor K, and slope are considered in estimating

the likelihood of wind erosion or water erosion. Stones, cobbles, a water table,

ponding, and flooding can hinder the application of waste. Frozen soils are unsuitable

for waste treatment.

Forest Productivity and Management

The tables in this section can help forest owners or managers plan the use of soils

for wood crops. They show the potential productivity of the soils for wood crops and

rate the soils according to the limitations that affect various aspects of forest

management.

Forest Productivity

In table 9, the potential productivity of merchantable or common trees on a soil is

expressed as a site index and as a volume number. The site index is the average

height, in feet, that dominant and codominant trees of a given species attain in a

specified number of years. The site index applies to fully stocked, even-aged,

unmanaged stands. Commonly grown trees are those that forest managers generally

favor in intermediate or improvement cuttings. They are selected on the basis of

growth rate, quality, value, and marketability. More detailed information regarding site

index is available in the “National Forestry Manual,” which is available in local offices

of the Natural Resources Conservation Service or on the Internet.

The volume of wood fiber, a number, is the yield likely to be produced by the most

important tree species. This number, expressed as cubic feet per acre per year and

calculated at the age of culmination of the mean annual increment (CMAI), indicates

the amount of fiber produced in a fully stocked, even-aged, unmanaged stand.

Trees to manage are those that are preferred for planting, seeding, or natural

regeneration and those that remain in the stand after thinning or partial harvest.

Forestland Management

In tables 10a through 10c, interpretive ratings are given for various aspects of

forestland management. The ratings are both verbal and numerical.

Some rating class terms indicate the degree to which the soils are suited to a

specified forest management practice. Well suited indicates that the soil has features

that are favorable for the specified management aspect and has no limitations. Good

performance can be expected, and little or no maintenance is needed. Moderately

suited indicates that the soil has features that are moderately favorable for the

specified practice. One or more soil properties are less than desirable, and fair

performance can be expected. Some maintenance is needed. Poorly suited indicates
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that the soil has one or more properties that are unfavorable for the specified

management aspect. Overcoming the unfavorable properties requires special design,

extra maintenance, and costly alteration. Unsuited indicates that the expected

performance of the soil is unacceptable for the specified practice or that extreme

measures are needed to overcome the undesirable soil properties.

Numerical ratings in the tables indicate the severity of individual limitations. The

ratings are shown as decimal fractions ranging from 0.01 to 1.00. They indicate

gradations between the point at which a soil feature has the greatest negative impact

on the specified forest management practice (1.00) and the point at which the soil

feature is not a limitation (0.00).

Rating class terms for fire damage and seedling mortality are expressed as low,

moderate, and high. Where these terms are used, the numerical ratings indicate

gradations between the point at which the potential for fire damage or seedling

mortality is highest (1.00) and the point at which the potential is lowest (0.00).

The paragraphs that follow indicate the soil properties considered in rating the soils

for forest management practices. More detailed information about the criteria used in

the ratings is available in the “National Forestry Manual,” which is available in local

offices of the Natural Resources Conservation Service or on the Internet.

For limitations affecting construction of haul roads and log landings, the ratings are

based on slope, flooding, permafrost, plasticity index, the hazard of soil slippage,

content of sand, the Unified classification, rock fragments on or below the surface,

depth to a restrictive layer that is indurated, depth to a water table, and ponding

(fig. 14). The limitations are described as slight, moderate, or severe. A rating of slight

indicates that no significant limitations affect construction activities, moderate

indicates that one or more limitations can cause some difficulty in construction, and

severe indicates that one or more limitations can make construction very difficult or

very costly.

The ratings of suitability for log landings are based on slope, rock fragments on the

surface, plasticity index, content of sand, the Unified classification, depth to a water

table, ponding, flooding, and the hazard of soil slippage. The soils are described as

well suited, moderately suited, or poorly suited to use as log landings.

Ratings in the column suitability for use of harvesting equipment are based on

slope, rock fragments on the surface, plasticity index, content of sand, the Unified

classification, depth to a water table, and ponding. The soils are described as well

suited, moderately suited, or poorly suited to this use.

Ratings in the column hazard of off-road or off-trail erosion are based on slope and

on soil erodibility factor K. The soil loss is caused by sheet or rill erosion in off-road or

off-trail areas where 50 to 75 percent of the surface has been exposed by logging,

grazing, mining, or other kinds of disturbance. The hazard is described as slight,

moderate, severe, or very severe. A rating of slight indicates that erosion is unlikely

under ordinary climatic conditions; moderate indicates that some erosion is likely and

that erosion-control measures may be needed; severe indicates that erosion is very

likely and that erosion-control measures, including revegetation of bare areas, are

advised; and very severe indicates that significant erosion is expected, loss of soil

productivity and off-site damage are likely, and erosion-control measures are costly

and generally impractical.

Ratings in the column hazard of erosion on roads and trails are based on the soil

erodibility factor K, slope, and content of rock fragments. The ratings apply to

unsurfaced roads and trails. The hazard is described as slight, moderate, or severe. A

rating of slight indicates that little or no erosion is likely; moderate indicates that some

erosion is likely, that the roads or trails may require occasional maintenance, and that

simple erosion-control measures are needed; and severe indicates that significant

erosion is expected, that the roads or trails require frequent maintenance, and that

costly erosion-control measures are needed.
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Ratings in the column potential for damage to soil by fire are based on texture of

the surface layer, content of rock fragments and organic matter in the surface layer,

thickness of the surface layer, and slope. The soils are described as having a low,

moderate, or high potential for this kind of damage. The ratings indicate an evaluation

of the potential impact of prescribed fires or wildfires that are intense enough to

remove the duff layer and consume organic matter in the surface layer.

Ratings in the columns suitability for hand planting and suitability for mechanical

planting are based on slope, depth to a restrictive layer, content of sand, plasticity

index, rock fragments on or below the surface, depth to a water table, and ponding.

The soils are described as well suited, moderately suited, poorly suited, or unsuited

to these methods of planting. It is assumed that necessary site preparation is

completed before seedlings are planted.

Ratings in the column potential for seedling mortality are based on flooding,

ponding, depth to a water table, content of lime, reaction, salinity, available water

capacity, soil moisture regime, soil temperature regime, aspect, and slope. The soils

are described as having a low, moderate, or high potential for seedling mortality.

Recreation

The soils of the survey area are rated in tables 11a and 11b according to

limitations that affect their suitability for recreation. The ratings are both verbal and

numerical. Rating class terms indicate the extent to which the soils are limited by all

of the soil features that affect the recreational uses. Not limited indicates that the soil

Figure 14.—A logging haul road cut into an area of Sideling gravelly loam, 15 to 35 percent slopes,

rubbly. Stones and boulders on the surface can hinder timber harvesting operations and

damage equipment.
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

244

has features that are very favorable for the specified use. Good performance and very

low maintenance can be expected. Somewhat limited indicates that the soil has

features that are moderately favorable for the specified use. The limitations can be

overcome or minimized by special planning, design, or installation. Fair performance

and moderate maintenance can be expected. Very limited indicates that the soil has

one or more features that are unfavorable for the specified use. The limitations

generally cannot be overcome without major soil reclamation, special design, or

expensive installation procedures. Poor performance and high maintenance can be

expected.

Numerical ratings in the tables indicate the severity of individual limitations. The

ratings are shown as decimal fractions ranging from 0.01 to 1.00. They indicate

gradations between the point at which a soil feature has the greatest negative impact

on the use (1.00) and the point at which the soil feature is not a limitation (0.00).

The ratings in the tables are based on restrictive soil features, such as wetness,

slope, and texture of the surface layer. Susceptibility to flooding is considered. Not

considered in the ratings, but important in evaluating a site, are the location and

accessibility of the area, the size and shape of the area and its scenic quality,

vegetation, access to water, potential water impoundment sites, and access to public

sewer lines. The capacity of the soil to absorb septic tank effluent and the ability of

the soil to support vegetation also are important. Soils that are subject to flooding are

limited for recreational uses by the duration and intensity of flooding and the season

when flooding occurs. In planning recreational facilities, onsite assessment of the

height, duration, intensity, and frequency of flooding is essential.

The information in these tables can be supplemented by other information in this

survey, for example, interpretations for building site development, construction

materials, sanitary facilities, and water management.

Camp areas require site preparation, such as shaping and leveling the tent and

parking areas, stabilizing roads and intensively used areas, and installing sanitary

facilities and utility lines. Camp areas are subject to heavy foot traffic and some

vehicular traffic. The ratings are based on the soil properties that affect the ease of

developing camp areas and the performance of the areas after development. Slope,

stoniness, and depth to bedrock or a cemented pan are the main concerns affecting

the development of camp areas. The soil properties that affect the performance of the

areas after development are those that influence trafficability and promote the growth

of vegetation, especially in heavily used areas. For good trafficability, the surface of

camp areas should absorb rainfall readily, remain firm under heavy foot traffic, and

not be dusty when dry. The soil properties that influence trafficability are texture of the

surface layer, depth to a water table, ponding, flooding, permeability, and large

stones. The soil properties that affect the growth of plants are depth to bedrock or a

cemented pan, permeability, and toxic substances in the soil.

Picnic areas are subject to heavy foot traffic. Most vehicular traffic is confined to

access roads and parking areas. The ratings are based on the soil properties that

affect the ease of developing picnic areas and that influence trafficability and the

growth of vegetation after development. Slope and stoniness are the main concerns

affecting the development of picnic areas. For good trafficability, the surface of picnic

areas should absorb rainfall readily, remain firm under heavy foot traffic, and not be

dusty when dry. The soil properties that influence trafficability are texture of the

surface layer, depth to a water table, ponding, flooding, permeability, and large

stones. The soil properties that affect the growth of plants are depth to bedrock or a

cemented pan, permeability, and toxic substances in the soil.

Playgrounds require soils that are nearly level, are free of stones, and can

withstand intensive foot traffic. The ratings are based on the soil properties that affect

the ease of developing playgrounds and that influence trafficability and the growth of

vegetation after development. Slope and stoniness are the main concerns affecting
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

245

the development of playgrounds. For good trafficability, the surface of the playgrounds

should absorb rainfall readily, remain firm under heavy foot traffic, and not be dusty

when dry. The soil properties that influence trafficability are texture of the surface

layer, depth to a water table, ponding, flooding, permeability, and large stones. The

soil properties that affect the growth of plants are depth to bedrock or a cemented

pan, permeability, and toxic substances in the soil.

Paths and trails for hiking and horseback riding should require little or no slope

modification through cutting and filling. The ratings are based on the soil properties

that affect trafficability and erodibility. These properties are stoniness, depth to a

water table, ponding, flooding, slope, and texture of the surface layer.

Off-road motorcycle trails require little or no site preparation. They are not covered

with surfacing material or vegetation. Considerable compaction of the soil material is

likely. The ratings are based on the soil properties that influence erodibility,

trafficability, dustiness, and the ease of revegetation. These properties are stoniness,

slope, depth to a water table, ponding, flooding, and texture of the surface layer.

Golf fairways are subject to heavy foot traffic and some light vehicular traffic

(fig. 15). Cutting or filling may be required. Irrigation is not considered in the ratings.

The ratings are based on the soil properties that affect plant growth and trafficability

after vegetation is established. The properties that affect plant growth are reaction;

depth to a water table; ponding; depth to bedrock or a cemented pan; the available

water capacity in the upper 40 inches; the content of salts, sodium, or calcium

carbonate; and sulfidic materials. The properties that affect trafficability are flooding,

depth to a water table, ponding, slope, stoniness, and the amount of sand, clay, or

organic matter in the surface layer. The suitability of the soil for traps, tees, roughs,

and greens is not considered in the ratings.

Figure 15.—A golf course in an area of Murrill, Clarksburg, and Brinkerton soils.
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

246

Wildlife Habitat

Soils affect the kind and amount of vegetation that is available to wildlife as food

and cover. They also affect the construction of water impoundments. The kind and

abundance of wildlife depend largely on the amount and distribution of food, cover,

and water. Wildlife habitat can be created or improved by planting appropriate

vegetation, by maintaining the existing plant cover, or by promoting the natural

establishment of desirable plants.

In table 12, the soils in the survey area are rated according to their potential for

providing habitat for various kinds of wildlife. This information can be used in planning

parks, wildlife refuges, nature study areas, and other developments for wildlife; in

selecting soils that are suitable for establishing, improving, or maintaining specific

elements of wildlife habitat; and in determining the intensity of management needed

for each element of the habitat.

The potential of the soil is rated good, fair, poor, or very poor. A rating of good

indicates that the element or kind of habitat is easily established, improved, or

maintained. Few or no limitations affect management, and satisfactory results can be

expected. A rating of fair indicates that the element or kind of habitat can be

established, improved, or maintained in most places. Moderately intensive

management is required for satisfactory results. A rating of poor indicates that

limitations are severe for the designated element or kind of habitat. Habitat can be

created, improved, or maintained in most places, but management is difficult and

must be intensive. A rating of very poor indicates that restrictions for the element or

kind of habitat are very severe and that unsatisfactory results can be expected.

Creating, improving, or maintaining habitat is impractical or impossible.

The elements of wildlife habitat are described in the following paragraphs.

Grain and seed crops are domestic grains and seed-producing herbaceous plants.

Soil properties and features that affect the growth of grain and seed crops are depth

of the root zone, texture of the surface layer, available water capacity, wetness, slope,

surface stoniness, and flooding. Soil temperature and soil moisture also are

considerations. Examples of grain and seed crops are corn, wheat, oats, and barley.

Grasses and legumes are domestic perennial grasses and herbaceous legumes.

Soil properties and features that affect the growth of grasses and legumes are depth

of the root zone, texture of the surface layer, available water capacity, wetness,

surface stoniness, flooding, and slope. Soil temperature and soil moisture also are

considerations. Examples of grasses and legumes are fescue, orchardgrass,

bromegrass, clover, and alfalfa.

Wild herbaceous plants are native or naturally established grasses and forbs,

including weeds. Soil properties and features that affect the growth of these plants

are depth of the root zone, texture of the surface layer, available water capacity,

wetness, surface stoniness, and flooding. Soil temperature and soil moisture also are

considerations. Examples of wild herbaceous plants are bluestem, goldenrod,

beggarweed, wheatgrass, and grama.

Hardwood trees and woody understory produce nuts or other fruit, buds, catkins,

twigs, bark, and foliage. Soil properties and features that affect the growth of

hardwood trees and shrubs are depth of the root zone, available water capacity, and

wetness. Examples of these plants are oak, poplar, cherry, sweetgum, apple,

hawthorn, dogwood, hickory, blackberry, and blueberry.

Coniferous plants furnish browse and seeds. Soil properties and features that

affect the growth of coniferous trees, shrubs, and ground cover are depth of the root

zone, available water capacity, and wetness. Examples of coniferous plants are pine,

spruce, fir, cedar, and juniper.

Wetland plants are annual and perennial wild herbaceous plants that grow on

moist or wet sites. Submerged or floating aquatic plants are excluded. Soil properties
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247

and features affecting wetland plants are texture of the surface layer, wetness,

reaction, salinity, slope, and surface stoniness. Examples of wetland plants are

smartweed, rushes, sedges, and reeds.

Shallow water areas have an average depth of less than 5 feet. Some are naturally

wet areas. Others are created by dams, levees, or other water-control structures. Soil

properties and features affecting shallow water areas are depth to bedrock, wetness,

surface stoniness, slope, and permeability. Examples of shallow water areas are

marshes, waterfowl feeding areas, and ponds.

The habitat for various kinds of wildlife is described in the following paragraphs.

Habitat for openland wildlife consists of cropland, pasture, meadows, and areas

that are overgrown with grasses, herbs, shrubs, and vines. These areas produce

grain and seed crops, grasses and legumes, and wild herbaceous plants. Wildlife

attracted to these areas include bobwhite quail, pheasant, meadowlark, field sparrow,

cottontail, and red fox.

Habitat for woodland wildlife consists of areas of deciduous and/or coniferous

plants and associated grasses, legumes, and wild herbaceous plants. Wildlife

attracted to these areas include wild turkey, ruffed grouse, woodcock, thrushes,

woodpeckers, squirrels, gray fox, raccoon, deer, and bear.

Habitat for wetland wildlife consists of open, marshy or swampy shallow water

areas. Some of the wildlife attracted to such areas are ducks, geese, herons,

muskrat, mink, and beaver.

Hydric Soils

In this section, hydric soils are defined and described and the hydric soils in the

survey area are listed.

The three essential characteristics of wetlands are hydrophytic vegetation, hydric

soils, and wetland hydrology (Cowardin and others 1979; U.S. Army Corps of

Engineers 1987; National Research Council 1995; Tiner 1985). Criteria for each of the

characteristics must be met for areas to be identified as wetlands. Undrained hydric

soils that have natural vegetation should support a dominant population of ecological

wetland plant species. Hydric soils that have been converted to other uses should be

capable of being restored to wetlands.

Hydric soils are defined by the National Technical Committee for Hydric Soils

(NTCHS) as soils that formed under conditions of saturation, flooding, or ponding

long enough during the growing season to develop anaerobic conditions in the upper

part (Federal Register 1994). These soils are either saturated or inundated long

enough during the growing season to support the growth and reproduction of

hydrophytic vegetation.

The NTCHS definition identifies general soil properties that are associated with

wetness. In order to determine whether a specific soil is a hydric soil or nonhydric

soil, however, more specific information, such as information about the depth and

duration of the water table, is needed. Thus, criteria that identify those estimated soil

properties unique to hydric soils have been established (Federal Register 1995).

These criteria are used to identify a phase of a soil series that normally is associated

with wetlands. The criteria used are selected estimated soil properties that are

described in “Soil Taxonomy” (Soil Survey Staff 1999) and “Keys to Soil Taxonomy”

(Soil Survey Staff 1998) and in the “Soil Survey Manual” (Soil Survey Division Staff

1993).

If soils are wet enough for a long enough period to be considered hydric, they

should exhibit certain properties that can be easily observed in the field. These visible

properties are indicators of hydric soils. The indicators used to make onsite

determinations of hydric soils in this survey area are specified in “Field Indicators of

Hydric Soils in the United States” (Hurt, Whited, and Pringle 1998).
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248

Hydric soils are identified by examining and describing the soil to a depth of about

20 inches. This depth may be greater if determination of an appropriate indicator so

requires. It is always recommended that soils be excavated and described to the

depth necessary for an understanding of the redoximorphic processes. Then, using

the completed soil descriptions, soil scientists can compare the soil features required

by each indicator and specify which indicators have been matched with the conditions

observed in the soil. The soil can be identified as a hydric soil if at least one of the

approved indicators is present.

The following map units meet the definition of hydric soils and, in addition, have at

least one of the hydric soil indicators. This list can help in planning land uses;

however, onsite investigation is recommended to determine the hydric soils on a

specific site (National Research Council 1995; Hurt, Whited, and Pringle 1998).

AnB Andover gravelly loam, 3 to 8 percent slopes

BrB Brinkerton silt loam, 3 to 8 percent slopes

Dz Dunning silty clay loam

Ho Holly silt loam

Me Melvin silt loam

Map units that are made up of hydric soils may have small areas, or inclusions, of

nonhydric soils in the higher positions on the landform, and map units made up of

nonhydric soils may have inclusions of hydric soils in the lower positions on the

landform.

The following map units, in general, do not meet the definition of hydric soils

because they do not have one of the hydric soil indicators. A portion of these map

units, however, may include hydric soils. Onsite investigation is recommended to

determine whether hydric soils occur and the location of the included hydric soils.

Ba Basher fine sandy loam

BuB Buchanan gravelly loam, 3 to 8 percent slopes

BuC Buchanan gravelly loam, 8 to 15 percent slopes

BxC Buchanan loam, 3 to 15 percent slopes, extremely stony

CrB Clarksburg gravelly silt loam, 3 to 8 percent slopes

CrC Clarksburg gravelly silt loam, 8 to 15 percent slopes

CvB Clearbrook-Cavode silt loams, 0 to 8 percent slopes

Cz Combs fine sandy loam

ErB Ernest silt loam, 3 to 8 percent slopes

ErC Ernest silt loam, 8 to 15 percent slopes

HwB Hustontown silt loam, 3 to 8 percent slopes

Ln Lindside silt loam

Pg Philo gravelly loam

Ph Philo silt loam

Ps Pope fine sandy loam

Px Pope silt loam

Pz Pope-Philo fine sandy loams

SxC Sideling gravelly loam, 3 to 15 percent slopes, extremely stony

SxE Sideling gravelly loam, 15 to 35 percent slopes, extremely stony

SyE Sideling gravelly loam, 15 to 35 percent slopes, rubbly

TyA Tygart silt loam, 0 to 3 percent slopes

Engineering

This section provides information for planning land uses related to urban

development and to water management. Soils are rated for various uses, and the

most limiting features are identified. Ratings are given for building site development,

sanitary facilities, construction materials, and water management. The ratings are
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

249

based on observed performance of the soils and on the data in the tables described

under the heading “Soil Properties.”

Information in this section is intended for land use planning, for evaluating land use

alternatives, and for planning site investigations prior to design and construction. The

information, however, has limitations. For example, estimates and other data

generally apply only to that part of the soil between the surface and a depth of 5 to 7

feet. Because of the map scale, small areas of different soils may be included within

the mapped areas of a specific soil.

The information is not site specific and does not eliminate the need for onsite

investigation of the soils or for testing and analysis by personnel experienced in the

design and construction of engineering works.

Government ordinances and regulations that restrict certain land uses or impose

specific design criteria were not considered in preparing the information in this

section. Local ordinances and regulations should be considered in planning, in site

selection, and in design.

Soil properties, site features, and observed performance were considered in

determining the ratings in this section. During the fieldwork for this soil survey,

determinations were made about particle-size distribution, liquid limit, plasticity index,

soil reaction, depth to bedrock, hardness of bedrock within 5 to 7 feet of the surface,

soil wetness, depth to a water table, ponding, slope, likelihood of flooding, natural soil

structure aggregation, and soil density. Data were collected about kinds of clay

minerals, mineralogy of the sand and silt fractions, and the kinds of adsorbed cations.

Estimates were made for erodibility, permeability, corrosivity, shrink-swell potential,

available water capacity, and other behavioral characteristics affecting engineering

uses.

This information can be used to evaluate the potential of areas for residential,

commercial, industrial, and recreational uses; make preliminary estimates of

construction conditions; evaluate alternative routes for roads, streets, highways,

pipelines, and underground cables; evaluate alternative sites for sanitary landfills,

septic tank absorption fields, and sewage lagoons; plan detailed onsite investigations

of soils and geology; locate potential sources of gravel, sand, earthfill, and topsoil;

plan drainage systems, irrigation systems, ponds, terraces, and other structures for

soil and water conservation; and predict performance of proposed small structures

and pavements by comparing the performance of existing similar structures on the

same or similar soils.

The information in the tables, along with the soil maps, the soil descriptions, and

other data provided in this survey, can be used to make additional interpretations.

Some of the terms used in this soil survey have a special meaning in soil science

and are defined in the Glossary.

Building Site Development

Soil properties influence the development of building sites, including the selection

of the site, the design of the structure, construction, performance after construction,

and maintenance. Tables 13a and 13b described in this section show the degree and

kind of soil limitations that affect dwellings with and without basements, small

commercial buildings, local roads and streets, shallow excavations, and lawns and

landscaping.

The ratings in the tables are both verbal and numerical. Rating class terms indicate

the extent to which the soils are limited by all of the soil features that affect building

site development. Not limited indicates that the soil has features that are very

favorable for the specified use. Good performance and very low maintenance can be

expected. Somewhat limited indicates that the soil has features that are moderately

favorable for the specified use. The limitations can be overcome or minimized by

special planning, design, or installation. Fair performance and moderate maintenance
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

250

can be expected. Very limited indicates that the soil has one or more features that are

unfavorable for the specified use. The limitations generally cannot be overcome

without major soil reclamation, special design, or expensive installation procedures.

Poor performance and high maintenance can be expected.

Numerical ratings in the tables indicate the severity of individual limitations. The

ratings are shown as decimal fractions ranging from 0.01 to 1.00. They indicate

gradations between the point at which a soil feature has the greatest negative impact

on the use (1.00) and the point at which the soil feature is not a limitation (0.00).

Dwellings are single-family houses of three stories or less. For dwellings without

basements, the foundation is assumed to consist of spread footings of reinforced

concrete built on undisturbed soil at a depth of 2 feet or at the depth of maximum frost

penetration, whichever is deeper. For dwellings with basements, the foundation is

assumed to consist of spread footings of reinforced concrete built on undisturbed soil

at a depth of about 7 feet. The ratings for dwellings are based on the soil properties

that affect the capacity of the soil to support a load without movement and on the

properties that affect excavation and construction costs. The properties that affect the

load-supporting capacity include depth to a water table, ponding, flooding,

subsidence, linear extensibility (shrink-swell potential), and compressibility.

Compressibility is inferred from the Unified classification. The properties that affect

the ease and amount of excavation include depth to a water table, ponding, flooding,

slope, depth to bedrock or a cemented pan, hardness of bedrock or a cemented pan,

and the amount and size of rock fragments.

Small commercial buildings are structures that are less than three stories high and

do not have basements. The foundation is assumed to consist of spread footings of

reinforced concrete built on undisturbed soil at a depth of 2 feet or at the depth of

maximum frost penetration, whichever is deeper. The ratings are based on the soil

properties that affect the capacity of the soil to support a load without movement and

on the properties that affect excavation and construction costs. The properties that

affect the load-supporting capacity include depth to a water table, ponding, flooding,

subsidence, linear extensibility (shrink-swell potential), and compressibility (which is

inferred from the Unified classification). The properties that affect the ease and

amount of excavation include flooding, depth to a water table, ponding, slope, depth

to bedrock or a cemented pan, hardness of bedrock or a cemented pan, and the

amount and size of rock fragments.

Local roads and streets have an all-weather surface and carry automobile and light

truck traffic all year. They have a subgrade of cut or fill soil material; a base of gravel,

crushed rock, or soil material stabilized by lime or cement; and a surface of flexible

material (asphalt), rigid material (concrete), or gravel with a binder. The ratings are

based on the soil properties that affect the ease of excavation and grading and the

traffic-supporting capacity. The properties that affect the ease of excavation and

grading are depth to bedrock or a cemented pan, hardness of bedrock or a cemented

pan, depth to a water table, ponding, flooding, the amount of large stones, and slope.

The properties that affect the traffic-supporting capacity are soil strength (as inferred

from the AASHTO group index number), subsidence, linear extensibility (shrink-swell

potential), the potential for frost action, depth to a water table, and ponding.

Shallow excavations are trenches or holes dug to a maximum depth of 5 or 6 feet

for graves, utility lines, open ditches, or other purposes. The ratings are based on the

soil properties that influence the ease of digging and the resistance to sloughing.

Depth to bedrock or a cemented pan, hardness of bedrock or a cemented pan, the

amount of large stones, and dense layers influence the ease of digging, filling, and

compacting. Depth to the seasonal high water table, flooding, and ponding may

restrict the period when excavations can be made. Slope influences the ease of using

machinery. Soil texture, depth to the water table, and linear extensibility (shrink-swell

potential) influence the resistance to sloughing.
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Lawns and landscaping require soils on which turf and ornamental trees and

shrubs can be established and maintained. Irrigation is not considered in the ratings.

The ratings are based on the soil properties that affect plant growth and trafficability

after vegetation is established. The properties that affect plant growth are reaction;

depth to a water table; ponding; depth to bedrock or a cemented pan; the available

water capacity in the upper 40 inches; the content of salts, sodium, or calcium

carbonate; and sulfidic materials. The properties that affect trafficability are flooding,

depth to a water table, ponding, slope, rock fragments on the surface, and the amount

of sand, clay, or organic matter in the surface layer.

Sanitary Facilities

Tables 14a and 14b show the degree and kind of soil limitations that affect septic

tank absorption fields, sewage lagoons, sanitary landfills, and daily cover for landfill.

The ratings are both verbal and numerical. Rating class terms indicate the extent to

which the soils are limited by all of the soil features that affect these uses. Not limited

indicates that the soil has features that are very favorable for the specified use. Good

performance and very low maintenance can be expected. Somewhat limited indicates

that the soil has features that are moderately favorable for the specified use. The

limitations can be overcome or minimized by special planning, design, or installation.

Fair performance and moderate maintenance can be expected. Very limited indicates

that the soil has one or more features that are unfavorable for the specified use. The

limitations generally cannot be overcome without major soil reclamation, special

design, or expensive installation procedures. Poor performance and high

maintenance can be expected.

Numerical ratings in the tables indicate the severity of individual limitations. The

ratings are shown as decimal fractions ranging from 0.01 to 1.00. They indicate

gradations between the point at which a soil feature has the greatest negative impact

on the use (1.00) and the point at which the soil feature is not a limitation (0.00).

Septic tank absorption fields are areas in which effluent from a septic tank is

distributed into the soil through subsurface tiles or perforated pipe. Only that part of

the soil between depths of 24 and 60 inches is evaluated. The ratings are based on

the soil properties that affect absorption of the effluent, construction and maintenance

of the system, and public health. Permeability, depth to a water table, ponding, depth

to bedrock or a cemented pan, and flooding affect absorption of the effluent. Stones

and boulders, ice, and bedrock or a cemented pan interfere with installation.

Subsidence interferes with installation and maintenance. Excessive slope may cause

lateral seepage and surfacing of the effluent in downslope areas.

Some soils are underlain by loose sand and gravel or fractured bedrock at a depth

of less than 4 feet below the distribution lines. In these soils the absorption field may

not adequately filter the effluent, particularly when the system is new. As a result, the

ground water may become contaminated.

Sewage lagoons are shallow ponds constructed to hold sewage while aerobic

bacteria decompose the solid and liquid wastes. Lagoons should have a nearly level

floor surrounded by cut slopes or embankments of compacted soil. Nearly impervious

soil material for the lagoon floor and sides is required to minimize seepage and

contamination of ground water. Considered in the ratings are slope, permeability,

depth to a water table, ponding, depth to bedrock or a cemented pan, flooding, large

stones, and content of organic matter.

Soil permeability is a critical property affecting the suitability for sewage lagoons.

Most porous soils eventually become sealed when they are used as sites for sewage

lagoons. Until sealing occurs, however, the hazard of pollution is severe. Soils that

have a permeability rate of more than 2 inches per hour are too porous for the proper

functioning of sewage lagoons. In these soils, seepage of the effluent can result in

contamination of the ground water. Ground-water contamination is also a hazard if
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

252

fractured bedrock is within a depth of 40 inches, if the water table is high enough to

raise the level of sewage in the lagoon, or if floodwater overtops the lagoon.

A high content of organic matter is detrimental to proper functioning of the lagoon

because it inhibits aerobic activity. Slope, bedrock, and cemented pans can cause

construction problems, and large stones can hinder compaction of the lagoon floor. If

the lagoon is to be uniformly deep throughout, the slope must be gentle enough and

the soil material must be thick enough over bedrock or a cemented pan to make land

smoothing practical.

A trench sanitary landfill is an area where solid waste is placed in successive

layers in an excavated trench. The waste is spread, compacted, and covered daily

with a thin layer of soil excavated at the site. When the trench is full, a final cover of

soil material at least 2 feet thick is placed over the landfill. The ratings in the table are

based on the soil properties that affect the risk of pollution, the ease of excavation,

trafficability, and revegetation. These properties include permeability, depth to

bedrock or a cemented pan, depth to a water table, ponding, slope, flooding, texture,

stones and boulders, highly organic layers, soil reaction, and content of salts and

sodium. Unless otherwise stated, the ratings apply only to that part of the soil

within a depth of about 6 feet. For deeper trenches, onsite investigation may be

needed.

Hard, nonrippable bedrock, creviced bedrock, or highly permeable strata in or

directly below the proposed trench bottom can affect the ease of excavation and the

hazard of ground-water pollution. Slope affects construction of the trenches and the

movement of surface water around the landfill. It also affects the construction and

performance of roads in areas of the landfill.

Soil texture and consistence affect the ease with which the trench is dug and the

ease with which the soil can be used as daily or final cover. They determine the

workability of the soil when dry and when wet. Soils that are plastic and sticky when

wet are difficult to excavate, grade, or compact and are difficult to place as a

uniformly thick cover over a layer of refuse.

The soil material used as the final cover for a trench landfill should be suitable for

plants. It should not have excess sodium or salts and should not be too acid. The

surface layer generally has the best workability, the highest content of organic matter,

and the best potential for plants. Material from the surface layer should be stockpiled

for use as the final cover.

In an area sanitary landfill, solid waste is placed in successive layers on the

surface of the soil. The waste is spread, compacted, and covered daily with a thin

layer of soil from a source away from the site. A final cover of soil material at least

2 feet thick is placed over the completed landfill. The ratings in the table are based on

the soil properties that affect trafficability and the risk of pollution. These properties

include flooding, permeability, depth to a water table, ponding, slope, and depth to

bedrock or a cemented pan.

Flooding is a serious problem because it can result in pollution in areas

downstream from the landfill. If permeability is too rapid or if fractured bedrock, a

fractured cemented pan, or the water table is close to the surface, the leachate can

contaminate the water supply. Slope is a consideration because of the extra grading

required to maintain roads in the steeper areas of the landfill. Also, leachate may flow

along the surface of the soils in the steeper areas and cause difficult seepage

problems.

Daily cover for landfill is the soil material that is used to cover compacted solid

waste in an area sanitary landfill. The soil material is obtained offsite, transported to

the landfill, and spread over the waste. The ratings in the table also apply to the final

cover for a landfill. They are based on the soil properties that affect workability, the

ease of digging, and the ease of moving and spreading the material over the refuse

daily during wet and dry periods. These properties include soil texture, depth to a
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

253

water table, ponding, rock fragments, slope, depth to bedrock or a cemented pan,

reaction, and content of salts, sodium, or lime.

Loamy or silty soils that are free of large stones and excess gravel are the best

cover for a landfill. Clayey soils may be sticky and difficult to spread; sandy soils are

subject to wind erosion.

Slope affects the ease of excavation and of moving the cover material. Also, it can

influence runoff, erosion, and reclamation of the borrow area.

After soil material has been removed, the soil material remaining in the borrow

area must be thick enough over bedrock, a cemented pan, or the water table to

permit revegetation. The soil material used as the final cover for a landfill should be

suitable for plants. It should not have excess sodium, salts, or lime and should not be

too acid.

Construction Materials

Tables 15a and 15b give information about the soils as potential sources of gravel,

sand, reclamation material, roadfill, and topsoil (fig. 16). Normal compaction, minor

processing, and other standard construction practices are assumed.

Gravel and sand are natural aggregates suitable for commercial use with a

minimum of processing. They are used in many kinds of construction. Specifications

for each use vary widely. In table 15a, only the likelihood of finding material in suitable

quantity is evaluated. The suitability of the material for specific purposes is not

evaluated, nor are factors that affect excavation of the material. The properties used

to evaluate the soil as a source of sand or gravel are gradation of grain sizes (as

indicated by the Unified classification of the soil), the thickness of suitable material,

and the content of rock fragments. If the bottom layer of the soil contains sand or

Figure 16.—Areas of Berks and Weikert soils are underlain by bedrock that is often soft enough to

be excavated with conventional earthmoving equipment. The soil material can be excavated

and used as roadfill.
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

254

gravel, the soil is considered a likely source regardless of thickness. The assumption

is that the sand or gravel layer below the depth of observation exceeds the minimum

thickness.

The soils are rated good, fair, or poor as potential sources of sand and gravel. A

rating of good or fair means that the source material is likely to be in or below the soil.

The bottom layer and the thickest layer of the soils are assigned numerical ratings.

These ratings indicate the likelihood that the layer is a source of sand or gravel. The

number 0.00 indicates that the layer is a poor source. The number 1.00 indicates that

the layer is a good source. A number between 0.00 and 1.00 indicates the degree to

which the layer is a likely source.

In table 15b, the soils are rated good, fair, or poor as potential sources of

reclamation material, roadfill, and topsoil. The features that limit the soils as sources

of these materials are specified in the tables. The numerical ratings given after the

specified features indicate the degree to which the features limit the soils as sources

of reclamation material, roadfill, or topsoil. The lower the number, the greater the

limitation.

Reclamation material is used in areas that have been drastically disturbed by

surface mining or similar activities. When these areas are reclaimed, layers of soil

material or unconsolidated geological material, or both, are replaced in a vertical

sequence. The reconstructed soil favors plant growth. The ratings in the table do not

apply to quarries and other mined areas that require an offsite source of

reconstruction material. The ratings are based on the soil properties that affect

erosion and stability of the surface and the productive potential of the reconstructed

soil. These properties include the content of sodium, salts, and calcium carbonate;

reaction; available water capacity; erodibility; texture; content of rock fragments; and

content of organic matter and other features that affect fertility.

Roadfill is soil material that is excavated in one place and used in road

embankments in another place. In this table, the soils are rated as a source of roadfill

for low embankments, generally less than 6 feet high and less exacting in design than

higher embankments.

The ratings are for the whole soil, from the surface to a depth of about 5 feet. It is

assumed that soil layers will be mixed when the soil material is excavated and

spread.

The ratings are based on the amount of suitable material and on soil properties

that affect the ease of excavation and the performance of the material after it is in

place. The thickness of the suitable material is a major consideration. The ease of

excavation is affected by large stones, depth to a water table, and slope. How well the

soil performs in place after it has been compacted and drained is determined by its

strength (as inferred from the AASHTO classification of the soil) and linear

extensibility (shrink-swell potential).

Topsoil is used to cover an area so that vegetation can be established and

maintained. The upper 40 inches of a soil is evaluated for use as topsoil. Also

evaluated is the reclamation potential of the borrow area. The ratings are based on

the soil properties that affect plant growth; the ease of excavating, loading, and

spreading the material; and reclamation of the borrow area. Toxic substances, soil

reaction, and the properties that are inferred from soil texture, such as available water

capacity and fertility, affect plant growth. The ease of excavating, loading, and

spreading is affected by rock fragments, slope, depth to a water table, soil texture,

and thickness of suitable material. Reclamation of the borrow area is affected by

slope, depth to a water table, rock fragments, depth to bedrock or a cemented pan,

and toxic material.

The surface layer of most soils is generally preferred for topsoil because of its

organic matter content. Organic matter greatly increases the absorption and retention

of moisture and nutrients for plant growth.
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255

Water Management

Table 16 gives information on the soil properties and site features that affect water

management. The degree and kind of soil limitations are given for pond reservoir

areas; embankments, dikes, and levees; and aquifer-fed excavated ponds. The ratings

are both verbal and numerical. Rating class terms indicate the extent to which the

soils are limited by all of the soil features that affect these uses. Not limited indicates

that the soil has features that are very favorable for the specified use. Good

performance and very low maintenance can be expected. Somewhat limited indicates

that the soil has features that are moderately favorable for the specified use. The

limitations can be overcome or minimized by special planning, design, or installation.

Fair performance and moderate maintenance can be expected. Very limited indicates

that the soil has one or more features that are unfavorable for the specified use. The

limitations generally cannot be overcome without major soil reclamation, special

design, or expensive installation procedures. Poor performance and high

maintenance can be expected.

Numerical ratings in the table indicate the severity of individual limitations. The

ratings are shown as decimal fractions ranging from 0.01 to 1.00. They indicate

gradations between the point at which a soil feature has the greatest negative impact

on the use (1.00) and the point at which the soil feature is not a limitation (0.00).

Pond reservoir areas hold water behind a dam or embankment. Soils best suited to

this use have low seepage potential in the upper 60 inches. The seepage potential is

determined by the permeability of the soil and the depth to fractured bedrock or other

permeable material. Excessive slope can affect the storage capacity of the reservoir

area.

Embankments, dikes, and levees are raised structures of soil material, generally

less than 20 feet high, constructed to impound water or to protect land against

overflow. Embankments that have zoned construction (core and shell) are not

considered. In this table, the soils are rated as a source of material for embankment

fill. The ratings apply to the soil material below the surface layer to a depth of about 5

feet. It is assumed that soil layers will be uniformly mixed and compacted during

construction.

The ratings do not indicate the ability of the natural soil to support an embankment.

Soil properties to a depth even greater than the height of the embankment can affect

performance and safety of the embankment. Generally, deeper onsite investigation is

needed to determine these properties.

Soil material in embankments must be resistant to seepage, piping, and erosion

and have favorable compaction characteristics. Unfavorable features include less than

5 feet of suitable material and a high content of stones or boulders, organic matter, or

salts or sodium. A high water table affects the amount of usable material. It also

affects trafficability.

Aquifer-fed excavated ponds are pits or dugouts that extend to a ground-water

aquifer or to a depth below a permanent water table. Excluded are ponds that are fed

only by surface runoff and embankment ponds that impound water 3 feet or more

above the original surface. Excavated ponds are affected by depth to a permanent

water table, permeability of the aquifer, and quality of the water as inferred from the

salinity of the soil. Depth to bedrock and the content of large stones affect the ease of

excavation.

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Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

Data relating to soil properties are collected during the course of the soil survey.

Soil properties are determined by field examination of the soils and by laboratory

index testing of some benchmark soils. Established standard procedures are

followed. During the survey, many shallow borings are made and examined to identify

and classify the soils and to delineate them on the soil maps. Samples are taken from

some typical profiles and tested in the laboratory to determine particle-size

distribution, plasticity, and compaction characteristics.

Estimates of soil properties are based on field examinations, on laboratory tests of

samples from the survey area, and on laboratory tests of samples of similar soils in

nearby areas. Tests verify field observations, verify properties that cannot be

estimated accurately by field observation, and help to characterize key soils.

The estimates of soil properties are shown in tables. They include engineering

index properties, physical and chemical properties, and pertinent soil and water

features.

Engineering Index Properties

Table 17 gives the engineering classifications and the range of index properties for

the layers of each soil in the survey area.

Depth to the upper and lower boundaries of each layer is indicated.

Texture is given in the standard terms used by the U.S. Department of Agriculture.

These terms are defined according to percentages of sand, silt, and clay in the

fraction of the soil that is less than 2 millimeters in diameter. “Loam,” for example, is

soil that is 7 to 27 percent clay, 28 to 50 percent silt, and less than 52 percent sand. If

the content of particles coarser than sand is 15 percent or more, an appropriate

modifier is added, for example, “gravelly.” Textural terms are defined in the Glossary.

Classification of the soils is determined according to the Unified soil classification

system (ASTM 1998) and the system adopted by the American Association of State

Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO 1998).

The Unified system classifies soils according to properties that affect their use as

construction material. Soils are classified according to particle-size distribution of the

fraction less than 3 inches in diameter and according to plasticity index, liquid limit,

and organic matter content. Sandy and gravelly soils are identified as GW, GP, GM,

GC, SW, SP, SM, and SC; silty and clayey soils as ML, CL, OL, MH, CH, and OH; and

highly organic soils as PT. Soils exhibiting engineering properties of two groups can

have a dual classification, for example, CL-ML.

The AASHTO system classifies soils according to those properties that affect

roadway construction and maintenance. In this system, the fraction of a mineral soil

that is less than 3 inches in diameter is classified in one of seven groups from A-1

through A-7 on the basis of particle-size distribution, liquid limit, and plasticity index.

Soils in group A-1 are coarse grained and low in content of fines (silt and clay). At the

other extreme, soils in group A-7 are fine grained. Highly organic soils are classified

in group A-8 on the basis of visual inspection.

Soil Properties
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258

If laboratory data are available, the A-1, A-2, and A-7 groups are further classified

as A-1-a, A-1-b, A-2-4, A-2-5, A-2-6, A-2-7, A-7-5, or A-7-6. As an additional

refinement, the suitability of a soil as subgrade material can be indicated by a group

index number. Group index numbers range from 0 for the best subgrade material to

20 or higher for the poorest.

Rock fragments larger than 10 inches in diameter and 3 to 10 inches in diameter

are indicated as a percentage of the total soil on a dry-weight basis. The percentages

are estimates determined mainly by converting volume percentage in the field to

weight percentage.

Percentage (of soil particles) passing designated sieves is the percentage of the

soil fraction less than 3 inches in diameter based on an ovendry weight. The sieves,

numbers 4, 10, 40, and 200 (USA Standard Series), have openings of 4.76, 2.00,

0.420, and 0.074 millimeters, respectively. Estimates are based on laboratory tests of

soils sampled in the survey area and in nearby areas and on estimates made in the

field.

Liquid limit and plasticity index (Atterberg limits) indicate the plasticity

characteristics of a soil. The estimates are based on test data from the survey area or

from nearby areas and on field examination.

The estimates of particle-size distribution, liquid limit, and plasticity index are

generally rounded to the nearest 5 percent. Thus, if the ranges of gradation and

Atterberg limits extend a marginal amount (1 or 2 percentage points) across

classification boundaries, the classification in the marginal zone is generally omitted

in the table.

Physical Properties

Table 18 shows estimates of some physical characteristics and features that affect

soil behavior. These estimates are given for the layers of each soil in the survey area.

The estimates are based on field observations and on test data for these and similar

soils.

Depth to the upper and lower boundaries of each layer is indicated.

Particle size is the effective diameter of a soil particle as measured by

sedimentation, sieving, or micrometric methods. Particle sizes are expressed as

classes with specific effective diameter class limits. The broad classes are sand, silt,

and clay, ranging from the larger to the smaller.

Sand as a soil separate consists of mineral soil particles that are 0.05 millimeter to

2 millimeters in diameter. In the table, the estimated sand content of each soil layer is

given as a percentage, by weight, of the soil material that is less than 2 millimeters in

diameter.

Silt as a soil separate consists of mineral soil particles that are 0.002 to

0.05 millimeter in diameter. In the table, the estimated silt content of each soil layer is

given as a percentage, by weight, of the soil material that is less than 2 millimeters in

diameter.

Clay as a soil separate consists of mineral soil particles that are less than

0.002 millimeter in diameter. In the table, the estimated clay content of each soil layer

is given as a percentage, by weight, of the soil material that is less than 2 millimeters

in diameter.

The content of sand, silt, and clay affects the physical behavior of a soil. Particle

size is important for engineering and agronomic interpretations, for determination of

soil hydrologic qualities, and for soil classification.

The amount and kind of clay affect the fertility and physical condition of the soil and

the ability of the soil to adsorb cations and to retain moisture. They influence shrinkswell potential, permeability, plasticity, the ease of soil dispersion, and other soil
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

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properties. The amount and kind of clay in a soil also affect tillage and earthmoving

operations.

Moist bulk density is the weight of soil (ovendry) per unit volume. Volume is

measured when the soil is at field moisture capacity, that is, the moisture content at

1

/3- or 1/10-bar (33kPa or 10kPa) moisture tension. Weight is determined after the soil

is dried at 105 degrees C. In the table, the estimated moist bulk density of each soil

horizon is expressed in grams per cubic centimeter of soil material that is less than

2 millimeters in diameter. Bulk density data are used to compute shrink-swell

potential, available water capacity, total pore space, and other soil properties. The

moist bulk density of a soil indicates the pore space available for water and roots.

Depending on soil texture, a bulk density of more than 1.4 can restrict water storage

and root penetration. Moist bulk density is influenced by texture, kind of clay, content

of organic matter, and soil structure.

Saturated hydraulic conductivity refers to the ability of a soil to transmit water or air.

The term “permeability,” as used in soil surveys, indicates saturated hydraulic

conductivity (Ksat ). The estimates in the table indicate the rate of water movement, in

micrometers per second (um/sec), when the soil is saturated. They are based on soil

characteristics observed in the field, particularly structure, porosity, and texture.

Permeability is considered in the design of soil drainage systems and septic tank

absorption fields.

Available water capacity refers to the quantity of water that the soil is capable of

storing for use by plants. The capacity for water storage is given in inches of water per

inch of soil for each soil layer. The capacity varies, depending on soil properties that

affect retention of water. The most important properties are the content of organic

matter, soil texture, bulk density, and soil structure. Available water capacity is an

important factor in the choice of plants or crops to be grown and in the design and

management of irrigation systems. Available water capacity is not an estimate of the

quantity of water actually available to plants at any given time.

Linear extensibility refers to the change in length of an unconfined clod as moisture

content is decreased from a moist to a dry state. It is an expression of the volume

change between the water content of the clod at 1/3- or 1/10-bar tension (33kPa or

10kPa tension) and oven dryness. The volume change is reported in the table as

percent change for the whole soil. Volume change is influenced by the amount and

type of clay minerals in the soil.

Linear extensibility is used to determine the shrink-swell potential of soils. The

shrink-swell potential is low if the soil has a linear extensibility of less than 3 percent;

moderate if 3 to 6 percent; high if 6 to 9 percent; and very high if more than 9 percent.

If the linear extensibility is more than 3, shrinking and swelling can cause damage to

buildings, roads, and other structures and to plant roots. Special design commonly is

needed.

Organic matter is the plant and animal residue in the soil at various stages of

decomposition. In the table, the estimated content of organic matter is expressed as a

percentage, by weight, of the soil material that is less than 2 millimeters in diameter.

The content of organic matter in a soil can be maintained by returning crop residue

to the soil. Organic matter has a positive effect on available water capacity, water

infiltration, soil organism activity, and tilth. It is a source of nitrogen and other nutrients

for crops and soil organisms.

Erosion factors are shown in the table as the K factor (Kw and Kf) and the T factor.

Erosion factor K indicates the susceptibility of a soil to sheet and rill erosion by water.

Factor K is one of six factors used in the Universal Soil Loss Equation (USLE) and the

Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation (RUSLE) to predict the average annual rate of

soil loss by sheet and rill erosion in tons per acre per year. The estimates are based

primarily on percentage of silt, sand, and organic matter and on soil structure and
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260

permeability. Values of K range from 0.02 to 0.69. Other factors being equal, the

higher the value, the more susceptible the soil is to sheet and rill erosion by water.

Erosion factor Kw indicates the erodibility of the whole soil. The estimates are

modified by the presence of rock fragments.

Erosion factor Kf indicates the erodibility of the fine-earth fraction, or the material

less than 2 millimeters in size.

Erosion factor T is an estimate of the maximum average annual rate of soil erosion

by wind or water that can occur without affecting crop productivity over a sustained

period. The rate is in tons per acre per year.

Wind erodibility groups are made up of soils that have similar properties affecting

their susceptibility to wind erosion in cultivated areas. The soils assigned to group 1

are the most susceptible to wind erosion, and those assigned to group 8 are the least

susceptible. The groups are as follows:

1. Coarse sands, sands, fine sands, and very fine sands.

2. Loamy coarse sands, loamy sands, loamy fine sands, loamy very fine sands,

ash material, and sapric soil material.

3. Coarse sandy loams, sandy loams, fine sandy loams, and very fine sandy

loams.

4L. Calcareous loams, silt loams, clay loams, and silty clay loams.

4. Clays, silty clays, noncalcareous clay loams, and silty clay loams that are more

than 35 percent clay.

5. Noncalcareous loams and silt loams that are less than 20 percent clay and

sandy clay loams, sandy clays, and hemic soil material.

6. Noncalcareous loams and silt loams that are more than 20 percent clay and

noncalcareous clay loams that are less than 35 percent clay.

7. Silts, noncalcareous silty clay loams that are less than 35 percent clay, and

fibric soil material.

8. Soils that are not subject to wind erosion because of coarse fragments on the

surface or because of surface wetness.

Wind erodibility index is a numerical value indicating the susceptibility of soil to

wind erosion, or the tons per acre per year that can be expected to be lost to wind

erosion. There is a close correlation between wind erosion and the texture of the

surface layer, the size and durability of surface clods, rock fragments, organic matter,

and a calcareous reaction. Soil moisture and frozen soil layers also influence wind

erosion.

Chemical Properties

Table 19 shows estimates of some chemical characteristics and features that affect

soil behavior. These estimates are given for the layers of each soil in the survey area.

The estimates are based on field observations and on test data for these and similar

soils.

Depth to the upper and lower boundaries of each layer is indicated.

Cation-exchange capacity is the total amount of extractable bases that can be held

by the soil, expressed in terms of milliquivalents per 100 grams of soil at neutrality

(pH 7.0) or at some other stated pH value. Soils having a low cation-exchange

capacity hold fewer cations and may require more frequent applications of fertilizer

than soils having a high cation-exchange capacity. The ability to retain cations

reduces the hazard of ground-water pollution.

Effective cation-exchange capacity refers to the sum of extractable bases plus

aluminum expressed in terms of milliquivalents per 100 grams of soil. It is determined

for soils that have pH of less than 5.5.

Soil reaction is a measure of acidity or alkalinity. The pH of each soil horizon is

based on many field tests. For many soils, values have been verified by laboratory
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

261

analyses. Soil reaction is important in selecting crops and other plants, in

evaluating soil amendments for fertility and stabilization, and in determining

the risk of corrosion.

Soil Features

Table 20 gives estimates of various soil features. The estimates are used in land

use planning that involves engineering considerations.

A restrictive layer is a nearly continuous layer that has one or more physical,

chemical, or thermal properties that significantly impede the movement of water and

air through the soil or that restrict roots or otherwise provide an unfavorable root

environment. Examples are bedrock, a fragipan, cemented layers, dense layers, and

frozen layers. The table indicates the hardness and thickness of the restrictive layer,

both of which significantly affect the ease of excavation. Depth to top is the vertical

distance from the soil surface to the upper boundary of the restrictive layer.

Potential for frost action is the likelihood of upward or lateral expansion of the soil

caused by the formation of segregated ice lenses (frost heave) and the subsequent

collapse of the soil and loss of strength on thawing. Frost action occurs when

moisture moves into the freezing zone of the soil. Temperature, texture, density,

permeability, content of organic matter, and depth to the water table are the most

important factors considered in evaluating the potential for frost action. It is assumed

that the soil is not insulated by vegetation or snow and is not artificially drained. Silty

and highly structured, clayey soils that have a high water table in winter are the most

susceptible to frost action. Well drained, very gravelly, or very sandy soils are the

least susceptible. Frost heave and low soil strength during thawing cause damage to

pavements and other rigid structures.

Risk of corrosion pertains to potential soil-induced electrochemical or chemical

action that corrodes or weakens uncoated steel or concrete. The rate of corrosion of

uncoated steel is related to such factors as soil moisture, particle-size distribution,

acidity, and electrical conductivity of the soil. The rate of corrosion of concrete is

based mainly on the sulfate and sodium content, texture, moisture content, and

acidity of the soil. Special site examination and design may be needed if the

combination of factors results in a severe hazard of corrosion. The steel or concrete in

installations that intersect soil boundaries or soil layers is more susceptible to

corrosion than the steel or concrete in installations that are entirely within one kind of

soil or within one soil layer.

For uncoated steel, the risk of corrosion, expressed as low, moderate, or high, is

based on soil drainage class, total acidity, electrical resistivity near field capacity, and

electrical conductivity of the saturation extract.

For concrete, the risk of corrosion also is expressed as low, moderate, or high. It is

based on soil texture, acidity, and amount of sulfates in the saturation extract.

Water Features

Table 21 gives estimates of various water features. The estimates are used in land

use planning that involves engineering considerations.

Hydrologic soil groups are based on estimates of runoff potential. Soils are

assigned to one of four groups according to the rate of water infiltration when the soils

are not protected by vegetation, are thoroughly wet, and receive precipitation from

long-duration storms.

The four hydrologic soil groups are:

Group A. Soils having a high infiltration rate (low runoff potential) when

thoroughly wet. These consist mainly of deep, well drained to excessively drained

sands or gravelly sands. These soils have a high rate of water transmission.
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Group B. Soils having a moderate infiltration rate when thoroughly wet. These

consist chiefly of moderately deep or deep, moderately well drained or well drained

soils that have moderately fine texture to moderately coarse texture. These soils have

a moderate rate of water transmission.

Group C. Soils having a slow infiltration rate when thoroughly wet. These consist

chiefly of soils having a layer that impedes the downward movement of water or soils

of moderately fine texture or fine texture. These soils have a slow rate of water

transmission.

Group D. Soils having a very slow infiltration rate (high runoff potential) when

thoroughly wet. These consist chiefly of clays that have a high shrink-swell potential,

soils that have a high water table, soils that have a claypan or clay layer at or near the

surface, and soils that are shallow over nearly impervious material. These soils have

a very slow rate of water transmission.

If a soil is assigned to a dual hydrologic group (A/D, B/D, or C/D), the first letter is

for drained areas and the second is for undrained areas.

The months in the table indicate the portion of the year in which the feature is most

likely to be a concern.

Water table refers to a saturated zone in the soil. The table indicates, by month,

depth to the top (upper limit) and base (lower limit) of the saturated zone in most

years. Estimates of the upper and lower limits are based mainly on observations of

the water table at selected sites and on evidence of a saturated zone, namely grayish

colors or mottles (redoximorphic features) in the soil. A saturated zone that lasts for

less than a month is not considered a water table.

Ponding is standing water in a closed depression. Unless a drainage system is

installed, the water is removed only by percolation, transpiration, or evaporation. The

table indicates surface water depth and the duration and frequency of ponding.

Duration is expressed as very brief if less than 2 days, brief if 2 to 7 days, long if 7 to

30 days, and very long if more than 30 days. Frequency is expressed as none, rare,

occasional, and frequent. None means that ponding is not probable; rare that it is

unlikely but possible under unusual weather conditions (the chance of ponding is

nearly 0 percent to 5 percent in any year); occasional that it occurs, on the average,

once or less in 2 years (the chance of ponding is 5 to 50 percent in any year); and

frequent that it occurs, on the average, more than once in 2 years (the chance of

ponding is more than 50 percent in any year).

Flooding is the temporary inundation of an area caused by overflowing streams or

by runoff from adjacent slopes. Water standing for short periods after rainfall or

snowmelt is not considered flooding, and water standing in swamps and marshes is

considered ponding rather than flooding.

Duration and frequency are estimated. Duration is expressed as extremely brief if

0.1 hour to 4 hours, very brief if 4 hours to 2 days, brief if 2 to 7 days, long if 7 to 30 days,

and very long if more than 30 days. Frequency is expressed as none, very rare, rare,

occasional, frequent, and very frequent. None means that flooding is not probable; very

rare that it is very unlikely but possible under extremely unusual weather conditions (the

chance of flooding is less than 1 percent in any year); rare that it is unlikely but possible

under unusual weather conditions (the chance of flooding is 1 to 5 percent in any year);

occasional that it occurs infrequently under normal weather conditions (the chance of

flooding is 5 to 50 percent in any year); frequent that it is likely to occur often under

normal weather conditions (the chance of flooding is more than 50 percent in any year

but is less than 50 percent in all months in any year); and very frequent that it is likely to

occur very often under normal weather conditions (the chance of flooding is more than

50 percent in all months of any year).

The information is based on evidence in the soil profile, namely thin strata of

gravel, sand, silt, or clay deposited by floodwater; irregular decrease in organic

matter content with increasing depth; and little or no horizon development.
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

263

Also considered are local information about the extent and levels of flooding and the

relation of each soil on the landscape to historic floods. Information on the extent of

flooding based on soil data is less specific than that provided by detailed engineering

surveys that delineate flood-prone areas at specific flood frequency levels.

265

Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

The system of soil classification used by the National Cooperative Soil Survey has

six categories (Soil Survey Staff 1998, 1999). Beginning with the broadest, these

categories are the order, suborder, great group, subgroup, family, and series.

Classification is based on soil properties observed in the field or inferred from those

observations or from laboratory measurements. Table 22 shows the classification of

the soils in the survey area. The categories are defined in the following paragraphs.

ORDER. Twelve soil orders are recognized. The differences among orders reflect

the dominant soil-forming processes and the degree of soil formation. Each order is

identified by a word ending in sol. An example is Alfisol.

SUBORDER. Each order is divided into suborders primarily on the basis of

properties that influence soil genesis and are important to plant growth or properties

that reflect the most important variables within the orders. The last syllable in the

name of a suborder indicates the order. An example is Udalf (Ud, meaning humid,

plus alf, from Alfisol).

GREAT GROUP. Each suborder is divided into great groups on the basis of close

similarities in kind, arrangement, and degree of development of pedogenic horizons;

soil moisture and temperature regimes; type of saturation; and base status. Each

great group is identified by the name of a suborder and by a prefix that indicates a

property of the soil. An example is Hapludalfs (Hapl, meaning minimal horizonation,

plus udalf, the suborder of the Alfisols that has a udic moisture regime).

SUBGROUP. Each great group has a typic subgroup. Other subgroups are

intergrades or extragrades. The typic subgroup is the central concept of the great

group; it is not necessarily the most extensive. Intergrades are transitions to other

orders, suborders, or great groups. Extragrades have some properties that are not

representative of the great group but do not indicate transitions to any other

taxonomic class. Each subgroup is identified by one or more adjectives preceding the

name of the great group. The adjective Typic identifies the subgroup that typifies the

great group. An example is Typic Hapludalfs.

FAMILY. Families are established within a subgroup on the basis of physical and

chemical properties and other characteristics that affect management. Generally, the

properties are those of horizons below plow depth where there is much biological

activity. Among the properties and characteristics considered are particle-size class,

mineralogy class, cation-exchange activity class, soil temperature regime, soil depth,

and reaction class. A family name consists of the name of a subgroup preceded by

terms that indicate soil properties. An example is fine, mixed, active, mesic Typic

Hapludalfs.

SERIES. The series consists of soils within a family that have horizons similar in

color, texture, structure, reaction, consistence, mineral and chemical composition,

and arrangement in the profile.

Soil Series and Their Morphology

In this section, each soil series recognized in the survey area is described.

Characteristics of the soil and the material in which it formed are identified for each

Classification of the Soils
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

266

series. A pedon, a small three-dimensional area of soil, that is typical of the series in

the survey area is described. The detailed description of each soil horizon follows

standards in the “Soil Survey Manual” (Soil Survey Division Staff 1993). Many of the

technical terms used in the descriptions are defined in “Soil Taxonomy” (Soil Survey

Staff 1999) and in “Keys to Soil Taxonomy” (Soil Survey Staff 1998). Unless otherwise

indicated, colors in the descriptions are for moist soil. Following the pedon description

is the range of important characteristics of the soils in the series.

Allegheny Series

Depth class: Very deep

Drainage class: Well drained

Permeability: Moderate

Landscape position: Gently sloping to moderately steep stream terraces

Flooding: None

Parent material: Alluvial material washed from acid soils on uplands

Slope range: 3 to 15 percent

Classification: Fine-loamy, mixed, semiactive, mesic Typic Hapludults

Representative Pedon

Allegheny loam, 2 miles east of Williamson in Antrim Township, Franklin County,

Pennsylvania; 3,800 feet west of the intersection of Pennsylvania Route 3013 and

Pennsylvania Township Route T433 and 150 feet north of T433; USGS Williamson

topographic quadrangle; lat. 39 degrees 50 minutes 48 seconds N. and

long. 77 degrees 46 minutes 11 seconds W.

Ap—0 to 8 inches; brown (10YR 4/3) loam; weak very fine granular structure; very

friable, nonsticky and nonplastic; 5 percent rounded sandstone pebbles; slightly

acid; abrupt smooth boundary.

Bt1—8 to 25 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) silt loam; moderate medium

subangular blocky structure; friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; few faint

clay films on faces of peds; 5 percent rounded sandstone pebbles; strongly acid;

clear wavy boundary.

Bt2—25 to 34 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) silt loam; moderate medium

subangular blocky structure; friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; few faint

clay films on faces of peds; 10 percent rounded sandstone pebbles; very strongly

acid; gradual wavy boundary.

BC—34 to 42 inches; strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) loam; weak medium subangular

blocky structure; firm, nonsticky and nonplastic; 10 percent rounded sandstone

pebbles; very strongly acid; gradual wavy boundary.

C—42 to 65 inches; strong brown (7.5 YR 5/6) gravelly loam; massive; firm,

nonsticky and nonplastic; 15 percent rounded sandstone pebbles; very strongly

acid.

Range in Characteristics

Thickness of the solum: 30 to 50 inches

Depth to bedrock: More than 60 inches

Reaction: In unlimed areas, strongly acid to extremely acid

Ap horizon:

Hue—10YR or 7.5YR

Value—3 to 5

Chroma—2 to 4

Texture of the fine-earth fraction—loam

Content of rock fragments—0 to 15 percent
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

267

Bt horizon:

Hue—10YR or 7.5YR

Value—4 or 5

Chroma—4 to 8

Texture of the fine-earth fraction—clay loam, sandy clay loam, loam, silt loam, or

silty clay loam

Content of rock fragments—5 to 30 percent

Other features—mottles in shades of red and strong brown in some pedons

BC horizon:

Hue—10YR or 7.5YR

Value—4 or 5

Chroma—4 to 8

Texture of the fine-earth fraction—fine sandy loam, loam, sandy clay loam, or clay

loam

Content of rock fragments—10 to 30 percent

Other features—mottles in shades of red and strong brown in some pedons

C horizon:

Hue—10YR or 7.5YR

Value—4 to 6

Chroma—2 to 8

Texture of the fine-earth fraction—fine sandy loam, loam, sandy clay loam, or clay

loam

Content of rock fragments—10 to 30 percent

Other features—mottles in shades of red and strong brown in some pedons

Andover Series

Depth class: Very deep

Drainage class: Poorly drained

Permeability: Slow

Landscape position: Gently sloping, concave toeslopes

Flooding: None

Parent material: Loamy colluvium derived from acid sandstone and shale

Slope range: 3 to 8 percent

Classification: Fine-loamy, mixed, active, mesic Typic Fragiaquults

Representative Pedon

Andover gravelly loam, about 2.75 miles northeast of Amberson in Fannett Township,

Franklin County, Pennsylvania; 1.2 miles northeast of the intersection of Pennsylvania

Township Route T591 and Pennsylvania Route 4005, about 700 feet south of Route

4005; USGS Doylesburg topographic quadrangle; lat. 40 degrees 11 minutes

48 seconds N. and long. 77 degrees 38 minutes 34 seconds W.

Ap—0 to 8 inches; dark grayish brown (2.5Y 4/2) gravelly loam; weak fine platy

structure; friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; many fine, medium, and

coarse roots throughout; few fine distinct light gray to gray (10YR 6/1) iron

depletions and few fine prominent yellowish brown (10YR 5/8) iron

concentrations; 15 percent subangular sandstone pebbles; very strongly acid;

abrupt smooth boundary.

Btg1—8 to 14 inches; gray (10YR 5/1) gravelly loam; weak fine and medium

subangular blocky structure; firm, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; common very

fine, fine, and medium roots throughout; common faint clay films on faces of peds

and in pores; common medium distinct light gray to gray (10YR 6/1) and very
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

268

dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) iron depletions and few fine prominent yellowish

brown (10YR 5/8) iron concentrations; 15 percent subangular sandstone pebbles;

very strongly acid; clear smooth boundary.

Btg2—14 to 19 inches; grayish brown (10YR 5/2) gravelly clay loam; moderate fine

and medium subangular blocky structure; firm, slightly sticky and slightly plastic;

common faint light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) clay films on faces of peds and in

pores; many coarse prominent yellowish brown (10YR 5/8) and light yellowish

brown (10YR 6/4) iron concentrations; 15 percent subangular sandstone pebbles;

very strongly acid; clear wavy boundary.

Btgx—19 to 46 inches; grayish brown (10YR 5/2) gravelly clay loam; moderate very

coarse prismatic structure parting to weak medium platy; very firm, brittle, slightly

sticky and slightly plastic; few faint light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) clay films on

faces of peds; few prominent black (N 2/0) concretions; many coarse prominent

strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) iron concentrations; many coarse prominent gray

(10YR 6/1) iron depletions; 20 percent subangular sandstone pebbles; very

strongly acid; gradual wavy boundary.

Cg—46 to 65 inches; brown (7.5YR 5/2) gravelly sandy clay loam; weak coarse

prismatic structure; firm, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; common medium

prominent light gray (N 7/0) iron depletions; common medium prominent dark

yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) pore linings; 25 percent subangular sandstone

pebbles; very strongly acid.

Range in Characteristics

Thickness of the solum: 40 to 60 inches

Depth to bedrock: More than 72 inches

Depth to the fragipan: 16 to 28 inches

Reaction: In unlimed areas, very strongly acid or strongly acid

Ap or A horizon:

Hue—10YR

Value—2 to 4

Chroma—1 to 6

Texture of the fine-earth fraction—loam

Content of rock fragments—15 to 35 percent

Btg horizon:

Hue—10YR

Value—4 to 6

Chroma—1 or 2

Texture of the fine-earth fraction—loam, clay loam, or sandy clay loam

Content of rock fragments—0 to 40 percent

Other features—high-chroma iron concentrations in shades of red or brown

Btgx horizon:

Hue—10YR

Value—4 or 5

Chroma—1 to 8

Texture of the fine-earth fraction—sandy clay loam, loam, or clay loam

Content of rock fragments—0 to 40 percent

Other features—high-chroma iron concentrations in shades of red or brown

Cg horizon:

Hue—7.5YR or 10YR

Value—4 to 6

Chroma—1 to 4
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

269

Texture of the fine-earth fraction—sandy clay loam, sandy loam, clay loam, or

loam

Content of rock fragments—10 to 50 percent

Other features—high-chroma iron concentrations in shades of red or brown

Basher Series

Depth class: Very deep

Drainage class: Moderately well drained

Permeability: Moderate in the solum and moderate or moderately rapid in the

substratum

Landscape position: Nearly level flood plains along Middle Fork of Sleepy Creek

Flooding: Occasionally flooded for brief periods

Parent material: Alluviual material washed from upland soils derived from reddish

shale and siltstone

Slope range: 0 to 3 percent

Classification: Coarse-loamy, mixed, active, mesic Fluvaquentic Dystrudepts

Representative Pedon

Basher fine sandy loam, 0.8 mile south of Enid, in Wells Township, Fulton County,

Pennsylvania; 0.55 mile east of the intersection of Pennsylvania Township Route T441

and Pennsylvania Route 4013; USGS Hustontown topographic quadrangle;

lat. 40 degrees 05 minutes 18 seconds N. and long. 78 degrees 06 minutes

53 seconds W.

Ap—0 to 8 inches; reddish brown (5YR 4/3) fine sandy loam; moderate medium

granular structure; friable, nonsticky and nonplastic; many very fine and fine roots;

moderately acid; clear wavy boundary.

Bw—8 to 14 inches; reddish brown (5YR 4/4) loam; weak fine and medium

subangular blocky structure; friable, nonsticky and nonplastic; common very fine

and fine roots; strongly acid; gradual wavy boundary.

BC—14 to 22 inches; reddish brown (5YR 5/4) loam; very weak coarse subangular

blocky structure; very friable, nonsticky and nonplastic; few very fine and fine

roots; strongly acid; gradual wavy boundary.

C1—22 to 34 inches; variegated sandy loam, reddish brown (5YR 5/4) and yellowish

red (5YR 5/6); single grain; very friable, nonsticky and nonplastic; common

medium distinct reddish gray (5YR 5/2) iron depletions lining channels; strongly

acid; gradual wavy boundary.

C2—34 to 46 inches; reddish brown (5YR 5/3) loam; massive; friable, nonsticky and

nonplastic; many medium faint reddish gray (5YR 5/2) iron depletions lining

channels and common medium prominent yellowish red (5YR 5/6) iron

concentrations; strongly acid; clear wavy boundary.

Cg—46 to 65 inches; gray (5YR 5/1) gravelly sandy loam; single grain; very friable,

nonsticky and nonplastic; many medium prominent light brown (7.5YR 6/4) iron

depletions lining pores and channels and common medium prominent reddish

yellow (7.5YR 6/6) iron concentrations; 15 percent pebbles; strongly acid.

Range in Characteristics

Thickness of the solum: 16 to 40 inches

Depth to bedrock: More than 60 inches

Reaction: In unlimed areas, very strongly acid to moderately acid (pH 4.5 to 6.0)

in the solum and very strongly acid to slightly acid (pH 4.5 to 6.5) in the

substratum
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

270

A horizon:

Hue—5YR to 10YR

Value—3 or 4

Chroma—2 to 4

Texture of the fine-earth fraction—fine sandy loam

Content of rock fragments—0 to 15 percent

Bw horizon:

Hue—2.5YR or 5YR

Value—3 to 5

Chroma—3 to 6

Texture of the fine-earth fraction—silt loam, loam, sandy loam, or fine sandy loam

Content of rock fragments—0 to 15 percent

Other features—high-chroma iron concentrations in shades of red or brown and

low-chroma iron depletions in shades of gray in some pedons

BC horizon:

Hue—5YR to 10YR

Value—3 to 5

Chroma—3 or 4

Texture of the fine-earth fraction—loam, silt loam, sandy loam, or fine sandy loam

Content of rock fragments—0 to 20 percent

Other features—high-chroma iron concentrations in shades of red or brown and

low-chroma iron depletions in shades of gray in some pedons

C horizon:

Hue—5YR to 10YR

Value—3 to 5

Chroma—1 to 4

Texture of the fine-earth fraction—loam to loamy sand

Content of rock fragments—10 to 60 percent

Other features—high-chroma iron concentrations in shades of red or brown and

low-chroma iron depletions in shades of gray in some pedons

Berks Series

Depth class: Moderately deep (fig. 17)

Drainage class: Well drained

Permeability: Moderate or moderately rapid

Landscape position: Gently sloping to very steep, convex, dissected uplands

Flooding: None

Parent material: Residuum derived from shale, siltstone, and fine grained

sandstone

Slope range: 3 to 70 percent

Classification: Loamy-skeletal, mixed, active, mesic Typic Dystrudepts

Representative Pedon

Berks channery silt loam, in a pastured area, which was previously used for cultivated

crops, in the Greensburg area of Berkeley County, West Virginia; about 1,800 feet

north of the intersection of County Routes 45/4 and 5/9, on a bearing of 4 degrees;

USGS Martinsburg topographic quadrangle; lat. 39 degrees 28 minutes 17 seconds

N. and long. 77 degrees 53 minutes 52 seconds W.

Ap—0 to 7 inches; brown (10YR 4/3) channery silt loam; moderate fine and medium

granular structure; friable; many fine and medium roots throughout; 15 percent

shale channers; neutral; abrupt smooth boundary.
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

271

Bw1—7 to 12 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) channery silt loam; moderate fine

and medium subangular blocky structure; friable; common very fine and fine roots

throughout; 30 percent shale channers; slightly acid; clear smooth boundary.

Bw2—12 to 21 inches; variegated very channery silt loam, 80 percent yellowish

brown (10YR 5/6) and 20 percent strong brown (7.5YR 5/6); weak medium and

coarse subangular blocky structure; friable; few very fine and fine roots

throughout; 40 percent shale channers; strongly acid; clear wavy boundary.

C—21 to 25 inches; variegated extremely channery silt loam, 75 percent strong

brown (7.5YR 5/6) and 25 percent yellowish brown (10YR 5/6); massive; friable;

70 percent shale channers; strongly acid; clear wavy boundary.

R—25 inches; yellowish brown shale bedrock.

Figure 17.—A profile of the moderately deep Berks soils.

These soils are in scattered areas throughout Morgan

County. Highly folded, fractured shale bedrock is at a

depth of 24 inches. Depth is marked in inches.
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

272

Range in Characteristics

Thickness of the solum: 12 to 40 inches

Depth to bedrock: 20 to 40 inches

Reaction: In unlimed areas, extremely acid to strongly acid (pH 3.6 to 5.5)

Content of rock fragments: 15 to 40 percent in the A horizon, 15 to 60 percent in the

B horizon, and 40 to 80 percent in the C horizon

Ap or A horizon:

Hue—10YR

Value—3 or 4

Chroma—2 to 4

Texture—channery or very channery analogs of silt loam or loam

Bw horizon:

Hue—10YR or 7.5YR

Value—5 or 6

Chroma—4 to 6

Texture—channery or very channery analogs of loam, silt loam, or silty clay loam

C horizon:

Hue—10YR or 7.5YR

Value—4 to 6

Chroma—4 to 8

Texture—very channery or extremely channery analogs of loam or silt loam

Blackthorn Series

Depth class: Very deep

Drainage class: Well drained

Permeability: Moderate or moderately rapid above the 2Bt horizon and moderate or

moderately slow in the 2Bt horizon

Landscape position: Very steep backslopes on the western slope of Warm Springs

Ridge and the eastern slope of Tonoloway Ridge and Little Mountain

Flooding: None

Parent material: Colluvium derived from acid sandstone over limestone residuum

Slope range: 35 to 65 percent

Classification: Loamy-skeletal, mixed, semiactive, mesic Typic Hapludults

Representative Pedon

Blackthorn very gravelly sandy loam, in a wooded area on an eastern slope of

Tonoloway Ridge in Morgan County, West Virginia; 2,675 feet south-southeast of the

intersection of State Routes 9 and 9/17, on a bearing of 150 degrees; USGS Great

Cacapon topographic quadrangle; lat. 39 degrees 34 minutes 14 seconds N. and

long. 78 degrees 19 minutes 58 seconds W.

Oi—0 to 1.5 inches; slightly decomposed organic matter from hardwood leaf litter;

fibric material.

Oa—1.5 to 2 inches; highly decomposed organic matter from hardwood leaf litter;

sapric material.

A—2 to 4 inches; very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) very gravelly sandy loam;

moderate fine granular structure; very friable; many very fine, fine, medium, and

coarse roots; many fine interstitial pores; 50 percent subrounded sandstone

pebbles; moderately acid; abrupt wavy boundary.

E—4 to 7 inches; brown (10YR 5/3) very gravelly sandy loam; weak medium granular

structure; very friable; many very fine, fine, medium, and coarse roots; many fine
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

273

interstitial pores; 45 percent subrounded sandstone pebbles; moderately acid;

abrupt wavy boundary.

BE—7 to 18 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) very gravelly sandy loam; weak

medium subangular blocky structure parting to moderate fine granular; very

friable; common very fine, fine, medium, and coarse roots; many fine interstitial

pores; 50 percent subrounded sandstone pebbles; very strongly acid; gradual

wavy boundary.

Bw—18 to 31 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) very gravelly sandy loam; weak fine

and medium subangular blocky structure; friable; common very fine, fine,

medium, and coarse roots; many fine interstitial and tubular pores; 40 percent

subrounded sandstone pebbles; very strongly acid; clear wavy boundary.

Bt—31 to 47 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) very gravelly loam; weak medium

subangular blocky structure; friable; common fine and medium roots; common

fine interstitial and tubular pores; faint discontinuous clay films on faces of peds;

35 percent sandstone; very strongly acid; clear wavy boundary.

2Bt—47 to 65 inches; yellowish red (5YR 4/6) silty clay; weak medium subangular

blocky structure; firm; common very fine, fine, and medium roots; common fine

interstitial and tubular pores; faint discontinuous clay films on faces of peds and in

pores; 5 percent subrounded sandstone pebbles; strongly acid.

Range in Characteristics

Thickness of the solum: 60 inches or more

Depth to bedrock: More than 60 inches

Reaction: Very strongly acid to moderately acid above the 2Bt horizon and very

strongly acid or strongly acid in the 2Bt horizon

A horizon:

Hue—10YR

Value—3 or 4

Chroma—2 or 3

Texture of the fine-earth fraction—sandy loam

Content of rock fragments—35 to 60 percent

E horizon:

Hue—10YR

Value—5 or 6

Chroma—2 to 4

Texture of the fine-earth fraction—sandy loam

Content of rock fragments—15 to 60 percent

BE horizon:

Hue—10YR

Value—5 or 6

Chroma—3 or 4

Texture of the fine-earth fraction—sandy loam or loam

Content of rock fragments—15 to 60 percent

Bw and Bt horizons:

Hue—10YR or 7.5YR

Value—5 or 6

Chroma—4 to 6

Texture of the fine-earth fraction—sandy loam or loam

Content of rock fragments—15 to 60 percent

2Bt horizon:

Hue—2.5YR to 7.5YR
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

274

Value—4 to 6

Chroma—4 to 8

Texture of the fine-earth fraction—silty clay, silty clay loam, or clay

Content of rock fragments—0 to 25 percent

Brinkerton Series

Depth class: Very deep

Drainage class: Poorly drained

Permeability: Slow

Landscape position: Nearly level or gently sloping, concave footslopes and toeslopes

Flooding: None

Parent material: Colluvium derived from acid sandstone and shale

Slope range: 3 to 8 percent

Classification: Fine-silty, mixed, superactive, mesic Typic Fragiaqualfs

Representative Pedon

Brinkerton silt loam, in a pastured area along State Route 8, also known as “River

Road,” in Hampshire County, West Virginia; about 0.3 mile south of the State Route 8

junction with U.S. Highway 50.

A—0 to 2 inches; very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) silt loam; weak fine granular

structure; friable; many roots; 10 percent rock fragments; slightly acid; clear wavy

boundary.

E—2 to 7 inches; grayish brown (10YR 5/2) silt loam; common medium faint light

brownish gray iron depletions; common medium distinct yellowish brown (10YR

5/8) iron concentrations; weak medium platy structure; firm; many roots;

10 percent rock fragments; moderately acid; clear smooth boundary.

Btg—7 to 21 inches; light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) silty clay loam; many distinct

strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) iron concentrations; weak medium subangular blocky

structure; firm and slightly sticky; few roots; common continuous gray (10YR 5/1)

clay films on faces of peds; 5 percent rock fragments; strongly acid; clear smooth

boundary.

Btxg1—21 to 31 inches; light brownish gray (2.5Y 6/2) and gray (5Y 5/1) silty clay

loam; many prominent strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) iron concentrations; moderate

very coarse prismatic structure parting to weak medium platy; very firm, slightly

sticky and brittle; common continuous clay films on faces of prisms; 5 percent

rock fragments; very strongly acid; clear smooth boundary.

Btxg2—31 to 45 inches; mixed gray (2.5Y 5/1) and light brownish gray (10YR 6/2)

channery silty clay loam; many prominent strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) iron

concentrations; weak very coarse prismatic structure; very firm and brittle;

common continuous light brownish gray clay films on faces of prisms; 20 percent

rock fragments; strongly acid; clear smooth boundary.

C—45 to 60 inches; mixed brown (10YR 5/3) extremely channery loam; many faint

gray (10YR 5/1) and grayish brown (10YR 5/2) iron depletions; massive; firm;

75 percent rock fragments; moderately acid.

Range in Characteristics

Thickness of the solum: 40 to 50 inches

Depth to bedrock: More than 60 inches

Depth to the fragipan: 15 to 30 inches

Reaction: In unlimed areas, very strongly acid or strongly acid (pH 4.5 to 5.5) in the

solum and very strongly acid to moderately acid (pH 4.5 to 6.0) in the C horizon

Content of rock fragments: 0 to 10 percent in the A or Ap, E, and Btg horizons, 5 to

20 percent in the Btxg horizon, and 30 to 80 percent in the C horizon
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

275

A or Ap horizon:

Hue—10YR

Value—3 to 5

Chroma—1 to 3

Texture—silt loam

E horizon:

Hue—10YR

Value—5 or 6

Chroma—1 or 2

Texture—silt loam

Other features—high-chroma iron concentrations in shades of red or brown

Btg horizon:

Hue—10YR to 5Y

Value—5 or 6

Chroma—1 or 2

Texture—silt loam or silty clay loam

Other features—high-chroma iron concentrations in shades of red or brown

Btxg horizon:

Hue—10YR to 5Y

Value—5 or 6

Chroma—1 or 2

Texture—silt loam, silty clay loam, or clay loam

Other features—high-chroma iron concentrations in shades of red or brown

C horizon:

Hue—10YR or 2.5Y or is neutral

Value—4 to 6

Chroma—0 to 4

Texture of the fine-earth fraction—loam, silt loam, or silty clay loam

Other features—high-chroma iron concentrations in shades of red or brown and

low-chroma iron depletions in shades of gray in some pedons

Buchanan Series

Depth class: Very deep

Drainage class: Moderately well drained

Permeability: Moderate above the fragipan and slow in the fragipan

Landscape position: Gently sloping to steep, concave mountain footslopes, benches,

and lower backslopes

Flooding: None

Parent material: Colluvium derived from acid sandstone, siltstone, and shale

Slope range: 3 to 35 percent

Classification: Fine-loamy, mixed, semiactive, mesic Aquic Fragiudults

Representative Pedon

Buchanan loam, in a wooded area on Third Hill Mountain in Berkeley County,

West Virginia; about 10,000 feet north-northeast of the intersection of County

Routes 7/13 and 826, on a bearing of 18 degrees; USGS Glengary topographic

quadrangle; lat. 39 degrees 29 minutes 02 seconds N. and long. 78 degrees

09 minutes 40 seconds W.

Oi—0 to 3 inches; slightly decomposed organic matter from hardwood leaf litter; fibric

material.
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

276

Oe—3 to 4 inches; organic matter of intermediate decomposition from hardwood leaf

litter; hemic material.

A—4 to 5 inches; very dark gray (10YR 3/1) loam; weak fine and medium granular

structure; very friable, nonsticky and nonplastic; common very fine, fine, medium, and

coarse roots throughout; 5 percent pebbles; very strongly acid; clear wavy boundary.

E—5 to 7 inches; light yellowish brown (10YR 6/4) loam; weak fine subangular blocky

structure; friable, nonsticky and nonplastic; common fine, medium, and coarse

roots; 5 percent pebbles; very strongly acid; clear wavy boundary.

BE—7 to 16 inches; brownish yellow (10YR 6/6) gravelly loam; weak medium

subangular blocky structure; friable, nonsticky and slightly plastic; common fine

and medium roots; 15 percent pebbles; very strongly acid; clear wavy boundary.

Bt1—16 to 24 inches; light yellowish brown (10YR 6/4) gravelly loam; moderate fine

and medium subangular blocky structure; friable, nonsticky and slightly plastic;

few fine and medium roots throughout; few faint clay films on faces of peds and in

pores; common medium faint strong brown (7.5YR 5/8) iron concentrations;

20 percent pebbles; very strongly acid; clear wavy boundary.

Bt2—24 to 33 inches; strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) gravelly loam; moderate fine and

medium subangular blocky structure; friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; few

fine and medium roots throughout; few clay films on faces of peds and in pores;

many coarse distinct pale brown (10YR 6/3) and few fine prominent light brownish

gray (10YR 6/2) iron depletions; few medium prominent yellowish red (5YR 4/6)

iron concentrations; 10 percent stones; 10 percent pebbles; strongly acid; clear

wavy boundary.

Btx1—33 to 52 inches; strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) gravelly loam; weak coarse

prismatic structure parting to moderate fine subangular blocky; firm and brittle,

slightly sticky and slightly plastic; few fine or medium roots between peds; few

faint clay films on faces of peds and in pores; many coarse prominent light

brownish gray (10YR 6/2) iron depletions; few medium distinct dark red (2.5YR

3/6) and few fine distinct brownish yellow (10YR 6/8) iron concentrations;

30 percent pebbles; strongly acid; clear wavy boundary.

Btx2—52 to 65 inches; reddish brown (5YR 4/4) very gravelly loam; weak coarse

prismatic structure parting to weak fine and medium subangular blocky; very firm

and brittle, nonsticky and slightly plastic; few faint clay films on faces of peds and

in pores; common coarse prominent gray (10YR 6/1) iron depletions; few medium

distinct red (2.5 YR 4/6) iron concentrations; 35 percent pebbles; strongly acid.

Range in Characteristics

Thickness of the solum: 40 to 70 inches

Depth to bedrock: More than 60 inches

Depth to the fragipan: 20 to 36 inches

Reaction: In unlimed areas, extremely acid to strongly acid (pH 3.5 to 5.5)

A horizon:

Hue—7.5YR or 10YR

Value—3 or 4

Chroma—1 to 3

Texture—loam

Content of rock fragments—0 to 30 percent

E horizon:

Hue—10YR

Value—4 to 6

Chroma—2 to 4

Texture—loam, sandy loam, or fine sandy loam

Content of rock fragments—0 to 40 percent
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

277

BE horizon (if it occurs):

Hue—10YR

Value—5 or 6

Chroma—5 or 6

Texture of the fine-earth fraction—loam

Content of rock fragments—0 to 40 percent

Bt horizon:

Hue—7.5YR or 10YR

Value—5 or 6

Chroma—4 to 6

Texture of the fine-earth fraction—loam, clay loam, or sandy clay loam

Content of rock fragments—0 to 40 percent

Other features—low-chroma iron depletions in shades of gray and high-chroma

iron concentrations in shades of red and brown in the top 10 inches of this

horizon

Btx horizon:

Hue—10YR to 5YR

Value—4 to 6

Chroma—4 to 6

Texture of the fine-earth fraction—loam, clay loam, or sandy clay loam

Content of rock fragments—5 to 60 percent

Other features—low-chroma iron depletions in shades of gray and high-chroma

iron concentrations in shades of red and brown

C horizon (if it occurs):

Hue—10YR to 5YR

Value—4 to 6

Chroma—1 to 6

Texture of the fine-earth fraction—loam, sandy loam, clay loam, or sandy clay

loam

Content of rock fragments—5 to 60 percent

Other features—low-chroma iron depletions in shades of gray and high-chroma

iron concentrations in shades of red and brown in some pedons

Calvin Series

Depth class: Moderately deep

Drainage class: Well drained (fig. 18)

Permeability: Moderately rapid

Landscape position: Gently sloping to very steep, upland ridgetops, shoulder slopes,

and backslopes

Flooding: None

Parent material: Residuum derived from reddish shale or fine grained sandstone;

mostly members of the Hampshire geologic formation

Slope range: 3 to 65 percent

Classification: Loamy-skeletal, mixed, active, mesic Typic Dystrudepts

Representative Pedon

Calvin channery loam, in a wooded area southwest of the community of Sleepy

Creek in Morgan County, West Virginia; about 6,800 feet southeast of the intersection

of State Routes 8 and 8/6, on a bearing of 145 degrees; USGS Cherry Run

topographic quadrangle; lat. 39 degrees 37 minutes 30 seconds N. and long.

78 degrees 06 minutes 29 seconds W.
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

278

A—0 to 3 inches; dark reddish brown (5YR 3/2) channery loam; moderate very fine

and fine granular structure; very friable; many very fine, fine, and medium roots;

20 percent dark reddish brown (5YR 3/3) angular fine grained sandstone

channers; very strongly acid; abrupt wavy boundary.

BA—3 to 5 inches; reddish brown (5YR 4/3) channery loam; weak very fine

subangular blocky structure parting to moderate fine granular; very friable; many

Figure 18.—A profile of the well drained Calvin soils. Iron

oxides give the soils their redness. Fractured, fine

grained sandstone is at a depth of 24 inches. Depth is

marked in inches.
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

279

very fine, fine, and medium roots; 25 percent dark reddish brown (5YR 3/3)

angular fine grained sandstone channers; very strongly acid; abrupt wavy

boundary.

Bw—5 to 18 inches; reddish brown (5YR 4/4) very channery loam; weak fine and

medium subangular blocky structure; friable; common very fine, fine, medium,

and coarse roots; 50 percent dark reddish brown (5YR 3/3) angular fine grained

sandstone channers; very strongly acid; clear irregular boundary.

C—18 to 26 inches; reddish brown (5YR 4/4) extremely channery loam; massive;

friable; few very fine, fine, and medium roots; 75 percent dark reddish brown (5YR

3/3) angular fine grained sandstone channers; very strongly acid; clear irregular

boundary.

R—26 inches; dark reddish brown (5YR 3/3), moderately weathered, fractured and

tilted, fine grained sandstone bedrock.

Range in Characteristics

Thickness of the solum: 12 to 35 inches

Depth to bedrock: 20 to 40 inches

Reaction: In unlimed areas, very strongly acid to moderately acid (pH 4.5 to 6.0)

throughout the profile

Content of rock fragments: 15 to 25 percent in the A horizon, 25 to 55 percent in the

B horizon, and 40 to 80 percent in the C horizon

A horizon:

Hue—5YR or 7.5YR

Value—2 to 5

Chroma—2 to 4

Texture—channery loam

B horizon:

Hue—5YR or 2.5YR

Value—4 or 5

Chroma—3 to 6

Texture—channery or very channery analogs of loam or silt loam

C horizon:

Hue—5YR or 2.5YR

Value—4 or 5

Chroma—2 to 4

Texture—very channery or extremely channery analogs of loam or silt loam

Caneyville Series

Depth class: Moderately deep

Drainage class: Well drained

Permeability: Moderately slow

Landscape position: Strongly sloping to very steep upland ridges, shoulder slopes,

and backslopes

Flooding: None

Parent material: Residuum derived from limestone

Slope range: 8 to 65 percent

Classification: Fine, mixed, active, mesic Typic Hapludalfs

Representative Pedon

Caneyville silt loam, in a wooded area on the eastern slope of Tonoloway Ridge in

Morgan County, West Virginia; about 1,700 feet west-southwest of the intersection
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

280

of State Routes 7 and 9/12, on a bearing of 248 degrees; USGS Great Cacapon

topographic quadrangle; lat. 39 degrees 36 minutes 14 seconds N. and

long. 78 degrees 18 minutes 03 seconds W.

A1—0 to 2 inches; dark brown (10YR 3/3) silt loam; moderate fine and medium

granular structure; friable; many fine, medium, and coarse roots; common fine

interstitial and tubular pores; 10 percent subrounded sandstone pebbles; neutral;

abrupt wavy boundary.

A2—2 to 4 inches; brown (7.5YR 4/3) silt loam; moderate medium granular structure;

friable; many fine and medium roots; common very fine and fine interstitial and

tubular pores; 10 percent subrounded sandstone pebbles; slightly acid; clear

wavy boundary.

E—4 to 6 inches; brown (7.5YR 5/4) gravelly silt loam; weak fine and medium

granular structure; friable; many fine, medium, and coarse roots; common very

fine and fine interstitial pores; 10 percent subrounded sandstone pebbles; slightly

acid; clear wavy boundary.

BE—6 to 12 inches; strong brown (7.5YR 5/4) gravelly silt loam; weak medium

subangular blocky structure; friable; common very fine and fine roots;

common fine and medium tubular and common very fine and fine interstitial

pores; 25 percent subrounded sandstone pebbles; slightly acid; clear smooth

boundary.

Bt1—12 to 19 inches; yellowish red (5YR 4/6) silty clay; weak medium prismatic

structure parting to moderate medium subangular blocky; firm; common very fine,

fine, and medium roots; common medium and coarse tubular pores and common

very fine and fine interstitial pores; very few faint discontinuous clay films on faces

of peds and in pores; 5 percent subrounded sandstone pebbles; slightly acid;

clear wavy boundary.

Bt2—19 to 24 inches; yellowish red (5YR 4/6) silty clay; weak medium prismatic

structure parting to moderate fine subangular blocky; firm; common very fine and

fine roots; common medium and coarse tubular pores and common very fine

interstitial pores; very few faint discontinuous clay films on faces of peds and in

pores; 2 percent subrounded sandstone pebbles; slightly acid; abrupt irregular

boundary.

R—24 inches; limestone bedrock.

Range in Characteristics

Thickness of the solum: 20 to 40 inches

Depth to bedrock: 20 to 40 inches

Reaction: In unlimed areas, strongly acid to neutral (pH 5.1-7.3) in the upper part of

the solum and moderately acid to slightly alkaline (pH 5.6 to 7.8) in the lower part

of the solum and in the substratum (if it occurs)

A horizon:

Hue—10YR or 7.5YR

Value—3 or 4

Chroma—2 or 3

Texture of the fine-earth fraction—silt loam or silty clay loam

Content of rock fragments—0 to 10 percent

E horizon (if it occurs):

Hue—10YR or 7.5YR

Value—5 or 6

Chroma—3 or 4

Texture of the fine-earth fraction—silt loam, loam, or silty clay loam

Content of rock fragments—0 to 10 percent
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

281

BE or BA horizon:

Hue—10YR or 7.5YR

Value—5 or 6

Chroma—4 to 6

Texture of the fine-earth fraction—silt loam, loam, or silty clay loam

Content of rock fragments—0 to 25 percent

Bt horizon:

Hue—10YR to 5YR

Value—4 to 6

Chroma—4 to 8

Texture of the fine-earth fraction—silty clay loam, silty clay, or clay

Content of rock fragments—0 to 10 percent

BC horizon (if it occurs):

Hue—10YR to 5YR

Value—4 to 6

Chroma—4 to 8

Texture of the fine-earth fraction—silty clay, clay, or clay loam

Content of rock fragments—0 to 10 percent

C horizon (if it occurs):

Hue—10YR to 5YR

Value—4 to 6

Chroma—4 to 8

Texture of the fine-earth fraction—silty clay, clay, or clay loam

Content of rock fragments—0 to 35 percent

Cavode Series

Depth class: Deep or very deep

Drainage class: Somewhat poorly drained

Permeability: Slow

Landscape position: Nearly level or gently sloping, concave head slopes

Flooding: None

Parent material: Residuum derived from shale

Slope range: 0 to 8 percent

Classification: Fine, mixed, active, mesic Aeric Endoaquults

Representative Pedon

Cavode silt loam, in a grassed area of Morgan County Industrial Park, in the

Ridge area of Morgan County, West Virginia; about 600 feet southeast of the

industrial park entrance on U.S. Route 522, on a bearing of 133 degrees; USGS

Ridge topographic quadrangle; lat. 39 degrees 28 minutes 22 seconds N. and

long. 78 degrees 18 minutes 15 seconds W.

A—0 to 2 inches; olive brown (2.5Y 4/4) silt loam; moderate very fine and fine

granular structure; very friable; many fine and very fine roots; slightly acid; clear

smooth boundary.

Ap—2 to 8 inches; olive brown (2.5Y 4/4) silt loam; weak medium subangular blocky

structure parting to moderate fine granular; friable; many fine and very fine roots;

slightly acid; abrupt smooth boundary.

BE—8 to 12 inches; light olive brown (2.5Y 5/4) silt loam; weak medium prismatic

structure parting to moderate medium subangular blocky; friable; common

fine roots; few fine yellowish brown (10YR 5/8) iron concentrations; few
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

282

fine grayish brown (2.5Y 5/2) iron depletions; slightly acid; clear smooth

boundary.

Bt—12 to 23 inches; light olive brown (2.5Y 5/4) silty clay loam; moderate medium

prismatic structure parting to moderate medium subangular blocky; firm, slightly

sticky and slightly plastic; common fine roots; few thin discontinuous clay films on

ped faces; common medium strong brown (7.5YR 4/6) iron concentrations;

common medium light grayish brown (2.5Y 6/2) iron depletions; moderately acid;

gradual wavy boundary.

Btg—23 to 41 inches; gray (2.5Y 6/1) silty clay; moderate medium prismatic structure

parting to moderate medium angular blocky; firm, slightly sticky and slightly

plastic; few very fine roots; few thin discontinuous clay films on faces of peds;

many medium yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) and common medium red (2.5YR 4/6)

iron concentrations; 2 percent sandstone and shale channers; strongly acid; clear

wavy boundary.

BCg—41 to 51 inches; gray (2.5Y 6/1) silty clay loam; weak medium prismatic

structure parting to weak medium angular blocky; friable, slightly sticky and

slightly plastic; few very fine roots; common medium yellowish brown (10YR 5/6)

and few medium red (2.5YR 4/6) iron concentrations; 2 percent shale and

sandstone channers; strongly acid; gradual wavy boundary.

Cg—51 to 62 inches; gray (2.5Y 6/1) very channery silty clay loam; weak thin platy

structure inherited from the parent rock; friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic;

many coarse red (2.5YR 4/6) iron concentrations; strongly acid; 50 percent shale

channers; abrupt wavy boundary.

Cr—62 inches; stratified, dark brown and reddish brown, rippable, weathered shale

bedrock.

Range in Characteristics

Thickness of the solum: 30 to 60 inches

Depth to bedrock: 40 to 72 inches

Reaction: In unlimed areas, extremely acid to strongly acid (pH 3.5 to 5.5)

Content of rock fragments: 0 to 15 percent in the A and B horizons and 0 to

60 percent in the C horizon

Ap or A horizon:

Hue—10YR

Value—4 to 6

Chroma—2 to 4

Texture—silt loam

BE horizon (if it occurs):

Hue—10YR or 2.5Y

Value—4 or 5

Chroma—3 or 4

Texture—silt loam or silty clay loam

Other features—high-chroma iron concentrations in shades of red or brown and

low-chroma iron depletions in shades of gray

Bt horizon:

Hue—10YR or 2.5Y

Value—4 or 5

Chroma—3 to 6

Texture—silty clay loam or silty clay

Other features—high-chroma iron concentrations in shades of red or brown and

low-chroma iron depletions in shades of gray
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

283

Btg horizon:

Hue—10YR or 2.5Y

Value—5 or 6

Chroma—1 or 2

Texture—silty clay loam, silty clay, or clay

Other features—high-chroma iron concentrations in shades of red or brown

BCg horizon (if it occurs):

Hue—10YR or 2.5Y

Value—4 to 6

Chroma—1 to 4

Texture—silt loam, silty clay loam, silty clay, or clay

Cg horizon:

Hue—10YR or 2.5Y

Value—4 to 6

Chroma—1 to 4

Texture—silt loam, silty clay loam, silty clay, or clay

Other features—high-chroma iron concentrations in shades of red or brown or

low-chroma iron depletions in shades of gray

Clarksburg Series

Depth class: Very deep

Drainage class: Moderately well drained

Permeability: Moderate above the fragipan and slow in the fragipan

Landscape position: Gently sloping or strongly sloping, concave footslopes

Flooding: None

Parent material: Mixed colluvium derived from sandstone, limestone, and calcareous

shale

Slope range: 3 to 15 percent

Classification: Fine-loamy, mixed, superactive, mesic Oxyaquic Fragiudalfs

Representative Pedon

Clarksburg gravelly silt loam, in a meadow in Hampshire County, West Virginia;

20 feet south of U.S. Highway 50 and 50 feet above the entrance into the Whipp

Brother farm.

Ap—0 to 8 inches; dark brown (10YR 3/3) gravelly silt loam; weak fine granular

structure; very friable; many roots; 20 percent rock fragments; moderately acid;

clear smooth boundary.

BE—8 to 12 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) gravelly silt loam; weak fine and

medium granular structure; friable; many roots; 15 percent rock fragments;

moderately acid; clear smooth boundary.

Bt1—12 to 22 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) silty clay loam; moderate medium

subangular blocky structure; friable; many roots; few discontinuous clay films on

faces of peds; 10 percent rock fragments; strongly acid; clear wavy boundary.

Bt2—22 to 29 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) silty clay loam; common faint

grayish brown iron depletions; moderate fine and medium subangular blocky

structure; firm; continuous light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) clay films on faces of

peds; 10 percent rock fragments; strongly acid; clear smooth boundary.

Btx1—29 to 42 inches; brown (10YR 5/3) clay loam; many medium faint brownish

gray (10YR 6/2) iron depletions; many medium distinct yellowish brown
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

284

(10YR 5/6) iron concentrations; moderate very coarse prismatic structure parting

to weak medium subangular blocky; very firm and brittle; few clay films on

faces of prisms; 5 percent rock fragments; moderately acid; clear smooth

boundary.

Btx2—42 to 60 inches; brown (10YR 5/3) gravelly clay loam; many medium faint light

brownish gray (10YR 6/2) iron depletions; many medium distinct yellowish brown

(10YR 5/8) iron concentrations; weak very coarse prismatic structure; very firm

and brittle; common discontinuous clay films on faces of prisms; reddish and

blackish brown concretions in discontinuous wavy bands and pockets; 15 percent

rock fragments; slightly acid.

Range in Characteristics

Thickness of the solum: 40 to 70 inches

Depth to bedrock: More than 60 inches

Depth to the fragipan: 20 to 36 inches

Reaction: In unlimed areas, strongly acid to slightly acid throughout

Ap or A horizon:

Hue—10YR

Value—3 or 4

Chroma—2 or 3

Texture of the fine-earth fraction—silt loam

Content of rock fragments—15 to 25 percent

BE horizon:

Hue—10YR

Value—4 to 6

Chroma—4

Texture of the fine-earth fraction—silt loam or loam

Content of rock fragments—5 to 25 percent

Bt horizon:

Hue—10YR or 7.5YR

Value—4 to 6

Chroma—4 to 8

Texture of the fine-earth fraction—silt loam, loam, clay loam, or silty clay loam

Content of rock fragments—0 to 25 percent

Other features—low-chroma iron depletions in shades of gray and high-chroma

iron concentrations in shades of red and brown in the lower part of the horizon

Btx horizon:

Hue—10YR to 5YR

Value—5 or 6

Chroma—3 to 6

Texture of the fine-earth fraction—silty clay loam or clay loam

Content of rock fragments—5 to 30 percent

Other features—low-chroma iron depletions in shades of gray and high-chroma

iron concentrations in shades of red and brown

C horizon (if it occurs):

Hue—10YR or 7.5YR

Value—4 to 6

Chroma—4 to 6

Texture of the fine-earth fraction—silt loam, silty clay loam, clay loam, or clay

Content of rock fragments—5 to 80 percent

Other features—low-chroma iron depletions in shades of gray and high-chroma

iron concentrations in shades of red and brown
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

285

Clearbrook Series

Depth class: Moderately deep

Drainage class: Somewhat poorly drained

Permeability: Moderately slow

Landscape position: Nearly level to strongly sloping, concave head slopes, upland

depressions, and linear uplands

Flooding: None

Parent material: Residuum derived from shale

Slope range: 0 to 15 percent

Classification: Loamy-skeletal, mixed, active, mesic Aeric Epiaquults

Representative Pedon

Clearbrook silt loam, in a grassed area of Morgan County Industrial Park, in the

Ridge area of Morgan County, West Virginia; about 160 feet south-southeast of the

industrial park entrance from U.S. Route 522, on a bearing of 161 degrees; USGS

Ridge topographic quadrangle; lat. 39 degrees 28 minutes 24 seconds N. and

long. 78 degrees 18 minutes 19 seconds W.

Ap—0 to 8 inches; olive brown (2.5Y 4/3) silt loam; weak fine granular structure;

friable, slightly sticky and nonplastic; common fine and very fine roots; 10 percent

thin shale fragments; slightly acid; abrupt smooth boundary.

Bt—8 to 13 inches; light olive brown (2.5Y 5/4) channery silty clay loam; weak very

fine and fine subangular blocky structure; friable, slightly sticky and slightly

plastic; few very fine roots; few thin discontinuous clay films on faces of peds and

shale fragments; few fine strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) iron concentrations; few

common medium light grayish brown (2.5Y 6/2) iron depletions; 25 percent thin

shale fragments; strongly acid; abrupt wavy boundary.

Btg—13 to 19 inches; light grayish brown (2.5Y 6/2) very channery silty clay loam;

moderate fine subangular blocky structure; friable, slightly sticky and slightly

plastic; few very fine roots; few thin discontinuous clay films on faces of peds and

on shale fragments; common fine and medium strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) and few

medium yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) iron concentrations; 45 percent thin shale

fragments; very strongly acid; abrupt wavy boundary.

Cg—19 to 22 inches; light brownish gray (2.5Y 6/2) and gray (2.5Y 6/1) extremely

channery silty clay; massive; firm, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; few very fine

roots; few thin discontinuous clay films on shale fragments; common fine and

medium strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) iron concentrations; 85 percent thin shale

fragments; very strongly acid; abrupt wavy boundary.

Cr—22 inches; stratified, dark brown and reddish brown, rippable shale bedrock.

Range in Characteristics

Thickness of the solum: 18 to 36 inches

Depth to bedrock: 20 to 40 inches

Reaction: In unlimed areas, very strongly acid or strongly acid throughout (pH 4.5 to

5.5)

Content of rock fragments: 10 to 35 percent shale or siltstone fragments in the

A horizon, 20 to 70 percent in the B horizon, and 50 to 90 percent in the

C horizon

Ap or A horizon:

Hue—10YR

Value—3 to 5

Chroma—2 or 3

Texture—silt loam or channery silt loam
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

286

Bt horizon:

Hue—10YR or 2.5Y

Value—4 to 6

Chroma—1 to 4

Texture—silt loam, silty clay loam, silty clay, or the channery or very channery

analogs of those textures

Other features—high-chroma iron concentrations in shades of red or brown and

low-chroma iron depletions in shades of gray

C horizon (if it occurs):

Hue—10YR or 2.5Y

Value—4 to 6

Chroma—1 to 4

Texture—silt loam, silty clay loam, silty clay, or the very channery or extremely

channery analogs of those textures

Other features—high-chroma iron concentrations in shades of red or brown and

low-chroma iron depletions in shades of gray

Combs Series

Depth class: Very deep

Drainage class: Well drained

Permeability: Moderate or moderately rapid

Landscape position: On flood plains along the Potomac River

Flooding: Occasional (a 5 to 50 percent chance of flooding in any year)

Parent material: Alluvium washed from soils formed on uplands

Slope range: 0 to 3 percent

Classification: Coarse-loamy, mixed, active, mesic Fluventic Hapludolls

Representative Pedon

Combs fine sandy loam, in a hayfield along the Potomac River, in the Whitings Neck

area of Berkeley County, West Virginia; about 9,200 feet north-northeast of the

intersection of County Routes 12/5 and 5/4, on a bearing of 22 degrees; USGS

Williamsport topographic quadrangle; lat. 39 degrees 31 minutes 54 seconds N. and

long. 77 degrees 50 minutes 13 seconds W.

Ap—0 to 10 inches; dark brown (10YR 3/3) fine sandy loam, brown (10YR 5/3) dry;

weak fine and medium granular structure; very friable; common very fine and fine

roots throughout; mildly alkaline; abrupt smooth boundary.

AB—10 to 20 inches; dark brown (7.5YR 3/2) fine sandy loam, brown (10YR 5/3) dry;

weak medium and coarse subangular blocky structure; friable; few fine, medium,

and coarse roots throughout; many very dark brown (10YR 2/2) organic coats on

faces of peds and in pores; neutral; gradual wavy boundary.

Bw—20 to 53 inches; dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) fine sandy loam; weak coarse

prismatic structure parting to weak medium subangular blocky; friable; few fine,

medium, and coarse roots throughout; many dark brown (10YR 2/2) organic

coats on faces of peds and in pores; common krotovinas; neutral; clear wavy

boundary.

C—53 to 65 inches; dark brown to brown (10YR 4/3) fine sandy loam; massive;

friable; neutral.

Range in Characteristics

Thickness of the solum: 40 to 60 inches

Depth to bedrock: More than 60 inches

Reaction: In unlimed areas, moderately acid to neutral (pH 5.6 to 7.3)
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

287

A, Ap, or AB horizon:

Hue—10YR

Value—3 (moist)

Chroma—2 or 3 (moist)

Texture of the fine-earth fraction—fine sandy loam

Content of rock fragments—0 to 15 percent

Bw horizon:

Hue—10YR

Value—4

Chroma—4

Texture of the fine-earth fraction—fine sandy loam, very fine sandy loam, sandy

loam, loam, or silt loam

Content of rock fragments—0 to 15 percent

C horizon:

Hue—10YR

Value—4 or 5

Chroma—3 or 4

Texture of the fine-earth fraction—fine sandy loam, sandy loam, loam, or silt loam

Content of rock fragments—0 to 15 percent

Other features—high-chroma iron concentrations and low-chroma iron depletions

in some pedons

Ab horizon (if it occurs):

Hue—10YR

Value—3 or 4

Chroma—3 or 4

Texture of the fine-earth fraction—fine sandy loam, very fine sandy loam, sandy

loam, loam, or silt loam

Dekalb Series

Depth class: Moderately deep

Drainage class: Somewhat excessively drained

Permeability: Rapid

Landscape position: Convex, gently sloping to steep ridgetops and steep or very

steep shoulder slopes and nose slopes on mountainsides

Flooding: None

Parent material: Residuum derived from acid sandstone; in places interbedded with

shale and siltstone

Slope range: 3 to 65 percent

Classification: Loamy-skeletal, siliceous, active, mesic Typic Dystrudepts

Representative Pedon

Dekalb channery sandy loam, in a wooded area of Sleepy Creek Public Hunting

and Fishing Area in Berkeley County, West Virginia; about 2,250 feet southwest

of Neglar Spring, along County Route 7/13, on a bearing of 227 degrees; USGS

Glengary topographic quadrangle; lat. 39 degrees 27 minutes 09 seconds N. and

long. 78 degrees 11 minutes 01 second W.

Oa—0 to 1 inch; highly decomposed organic matter from hardwood leaf litter; sapric

material.

A—1 to 4 inches; very dark brown (10YR 3/2) channery sandy loam; weak fine

granular structure; very friable; many fine, medium, and coarse roots throughout;

30 percent channers; extremely acid; clear smooth boundary.
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

288

E—4 to 6 inches; grayish brown (10YR 5/2) very channery loamy sand; weak fine

granular structure; very friable; common fine and medium roots throughout;

45 percent channers; extremely acid; clear wavy boundary.

Bw1—6 to 15 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) very channery sandy loam; weak

fine and medium subangular blocky structure; friable; common fine, medium, and

coarse roots throughout; 35 percent channers; very strongly acid; abrupt wavy

boundary.

Bw2—15 to 24 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) extremely flaggy sandy loam;

weak medium and coarse subangular blocky structure; friable; common fine,

medium, and coarse roots throughout; 60 percent flagstones; very strongly acid;

abrupt wavy boundary.

R—24 inches; fractured, gray sandstone bedrock.

Range in Characteristics

Thickness of the solum: 20 to 40 inches

Depth to bedrock: 20 to 40 inches

Reaction: In unlimed areas, extremely acid or very strongly acid (pH 3.5 to 5.0)

A horizon:

Hue—10YR

Value—2 or 3

Chroma—1 or 2

Texture of the fine-earth fraction—sandy loam

Content of rock fragments—20 to 35 percent

E horizon:

Hue—10YR

Value—5

Chroma—2 to 4

Texture of the fine-earth fraction—loamy sand, sandy loam, or loam

Content of rock fragments—35 to 60 percent

Bw horizon:

Hue—7.5YR or 10YR

Value—5 or 6

Chroma—4 to 6

Texture of the fine-earth fraction—sandy loam or loam

Content of rock fragments—35 to 60 percent

C horizon (if it occurs):

Hue—7.5YR or 10YR

Value—5 or 6

Chroma—4 to 6

Texture of the fine-earth fraction—sandy loam or loamy sand

Content of rock fragments—50 to 90 percent

Downsville Series

Depth class: Very deep

Drainage class: Well drained

Permeability: Moderate

Landscape position: Gently sloping or strongly sloping terraces high above the

Potomac River

Flooding: None

Parent material: Alluvial deposits washed from upland soils formed in sandstone,

shale, limestone, and chert
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

289

Slope range: 3 to 15 percent

Classification: Loamy-skeletal, mixed, active, mesic Typic Paleudults

Representative Pedon

Downsville gravelly loam, in a cultivated field in Washington County, Maryland;

about 50 feet north of Falling Waters Road, 2,800 feet south and 5,300 feet east of

the Potomac River; USGS Williamsport topographic quadrangle; lat. 39 degrees

33 minutes 21 seconds N. and long. 77 degrees 52 minutes 02 seconds W.

Ap—0 to 10 inches; dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) gravelly loam; moderate fine

and medium subangular blocky structure parting to moderate medium granular;

friable; common fine roots; 25 percent pebbles and 3 percent cobbles; neutral;

abrupt smooth boundary.

BE—10 to 18 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) very gravelly loam; moderate fine

subangular blocky structure; friable; few very fine roots; many fine and common

medium tubular and vesicular pores; 40 percent pebbles and 10 percent cobbles;

neutral; clear wavy boundary.

Bt1—18 to 30 inches; strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) very gravelly loam; moderate medium

subangular blocky structure; friable; few very fine roots; few fine tubular and

vesicular pores; many prominent red (2.5YR 4/6) clay films on faces of peds and

on rock fragments; 40 percent pebbles and 5 percent cobbles; strongly acid; clear

wavy boundary.

Bt2—30 to 41 inches; yellowish red (5YR 5/6) very gravelly clay loam; moderate fine

subangular blocky structure; friable; few fine and very fine roots; common fine

tubular and vesicular pores, few medium tubular and vesicular pores; many

prominent continuous red (2.5YR 4/6) clay films on faces of peds and on rock

fragments; 40 percent pebbles and 10 percent cobbles; very strongly acid; clear

wavy boundary.

Bt3—41 to 87 inches; red (2.5YR 4/6) very gravelly sandy clay loam; moderate fine

subangular blocky structure; friable; few fine roots; few medium vesicular and few

fine tubular pores; many faint dark red (2.5YR 3/6) continuous clay films on faces

of peds and on rock fragments; 40 percent pebbles and 10 percent cobbles; very

strongly acid; gradual smooth boundary.

Bt4—87 to 99 inches; red (2.5YR 4/6) very gravelly sandy clay loam; moderate fine

subangular blocky structure; very friable; few medium vesicular pores and few fine

tubular pores; common faint dark red (2.5YR 3/6) continuous clay films on faces

of peds and on rock fragments; 35 percent pebbles and 5 percent cobbles; very

strongly acid.

Range in Characteristics

Thickness of the solum: 60 to 110 inches

Depth to bedrock: More than 60 inches

Reaction: In unlimed areas, very strongly acid or strongly acid (pH 4.5 to 5.5)

Content of rock fragments: 15 to 30 percent in the Ap horizon, 25 to 40 percent in the

BE horizon, and 25 to 60 percent in the Bt horizon

Ap horizon:

Hue—7.5YR or 10YR

Value—3 to 5

Chroma—2 to 4

Texture—gravelly loam

BE horizon (if it occurs):

Hue—7.5YR or 10YR

Value—4 or 5

Chroma—4 to 6
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

290

Texture—gravelly or very gravelly analogs of loam, fine sandy loam, or sandy

loam

Bt horizon:

Hue—2.5YR to 7.5YR

Value—4 or 5

Chroma—4 to 8

Texture—gravelly or very gravelly analogs of loam, clay loam, sandy clay loam, or

sandy clay

Dunning Series

Depth class: Very deep

Drainage class: Poorly drained or very poorly drained

Permeability: Slow

Landscape position: Slightly concave flood plains and stream heads

Flooding: Occasional (a 5 to 50 percent chance of flooding in any year)

Parent material: Alluvium washed mainly from limestone-influenced soils on

uplands

Slope range: 0 to 3 percent

Classification: Fine, mixed, active, mesic Fluvaquentic Endoaquolls

Representative Pedon

Dunning silty clay loam, in a meadow in Hampshire County, West Virginia; 330 yards

west of State Route 8, about 550 yards east-southeast of the South Branch of the

Potomac River, and 1.1 miles east-northeast of Sawmill Run.

Ap—0 to 9 inches; very dark gray (10YR 3/1) silty clay loam; common fine distinct

reddish brown (2.5YR 4/4) iron concentrations around roots; moderate and

strong, fine and medium subangular blocky structure; firm, slightly sticky and

slightly plastic; mildly alkaline; clear smooth boundary.

Ag—9 to 12 inches; very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) silty clay loam; common fine

distinct reddish brown (2.5YR 4/4) iron concentrations; strong fine and medium

angular blocky structure; firm, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; slightly acid; clear

smooth boundary.

Bg1—12 to 28 inches; gray (10YR 5/1) clay; common medium distinct reddish brown

(2.5YR 4/4) and strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) iron concentrations; weak and

moderate, medium and coarse prismatic structure parting to moderate and

strong, coarse angular blocky; very firm, sticky and plastic; slightly acid; clear

smooth boundary.

Bg2—28 to 46 inches; gray (10YR 6/1) silty clay; common medium distinct reddish

brown (2.5YR 4/4) iron concentrations and grayish brown (10YR 5/2) iron

depletions; weak coarse prismatic structure parting to weak thick platy; very firm,

sticky and plastic; moderately acid; clear smooth boundary.

Cg—46 to 65 inches; mixed gray (N 5/0) silty clay with light yellowish brown (10YR

6/4) and dark gray (N 4/0) stratified gravelly sandy loam, silt loam, and clay loam;

massive; friable or firm; moderately acid.

Range in Characteristics

Thickness of the solum: 30 to 60 inches

Depth to bedrock: More than 60 inches

Reaction: Moderately acid to slightly alkaline throughout

Ap and Ag horizons:

Hue—10YR or 2.5Y
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

291

Value—2 or 3

Chroma—1 to 3

Content of rock fragments—0 to 10 percent

Texture of the fine-earth fraction—silty clay loam

Other features—high-chroma iron concentrations in shades of red

Bg horizon:

Hue—10YR to 5Y

Value—5 or 6

Chroma—1

Texture of the fine-earth fraction—clay, silty clay, or silty clay loam

Content of rock fragments—0 to 10 percent

Other features—high-chroma iron concentrations in shades of red

Cg horizon:

Hue—10YR or 2.5Y or is neutral

Value—3 to 5

Chroma—0 to 2

Texture of the fine-earth fraction—silty clay, clay, or silty clay loam; stratified silt

loam, loam, clay loam, or sandy loam below a depth of 40 inches in some

pedons

Content of rock fragments—0 to 30 percent

Other features—high-chroma iron concentrations in shades of red or brown

Ernest Series

Depth class: Very deep

Drainage class: Moderately well drained

Permeability: Moderate above the fragipan and moderately slow or slow in and below

the fragipan

Landscape position: Gently sloping or strongly sloping, concave footslopes and

toeslopes and convex colluvial fans

Flooding: None

Parent material: Colluvium derived from shale and fine grained sandstone

Slope range: 3 to 15 percent

Classification: Fine-loamy, mixed, superactive, mesic Aquic Fragiudults

Representative Pedon

Ernest silt loam, in Licking Creek Township, Fulton County, Pennsylvania; 2,000 feet

northeast of the intersection of Pennsylvania Township Routes T420 and T419, about

1,300 feet east of T419; USGS Hustontown topographic quadrangle; lat. 40 degrees

0 minutes 36 seconds N. and long. 78 degrees 03 minutes 19 seconds W.

Ap—0 to 7 inches; brown (10YR 5/3) silt loam; moderate fine and medium granular

structure; very friable, nonsticky and nonplastic; many medium and fine roots;

10 percent subangular shale channers; slightly acid; abrupt smooth boundary.

E—7 to 13 inches; light yellowish brown (10YR 6/4) silt loam; weak fine and medium

subangular blocky structure; friable, slightly sticky and nonplastic; common fine

roots; 10 percent subangular shale channers; moderately acid; clear wavy

boundary.

Bt—13 to 27 inches; brownish yellow (10YR 6/6) channery silty clay loam; moderate

medium subangular blocky structure; friable, slightly sticky and plastic; few fine

and very fine roots; continuous distinct clay films on faces of peds and in pores;

common medium distinct light gray (10YR 7/2) iron depletions on surfaces of

peds; 15 percent subangular shale channers; strongly acid; clear wavy boundary.
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

292

Btx1—27 to 43 inches; strong brown (7.5YR 5/8) channery silty clay loam; very

coarse prismatic structure parting to strong medium angular blocky; firm and

brittle, sticky and plastic; continuous distinct clay films on faces of peds; many

medium and coarse prominent light gray (10YR 7/2) iron depletions on faces of

peds; 15 percent subangular shale channers; strongly acid; clear irregular

boundary.

Btx2—43 to 65 inches; brown (7.5YR 5/6) channery silt loam; weak very coarse

prismatic structure parting to moderate medium platy; firm and brittle, slightly

sticky and nonplastic; continuous distinct clay films on faces of peds; few

prominent black (7.5YR 2/0) iron and manganese stains on faces of peds; few

coarse prominent light gray (10YR 6/2) iron depletions on faces of peds; common

fine distinct reddish yellow (7.5YR 6/8) masses of iron accumulation in ped

interiors; 25 percent subangular shale channers; strongly acid.

Range in Characteristics

Thickness of the solum: 36 to 70 inches

Depth to bedrock: More than 60 inches

Depth to the fragipan: 20 to 36 inches

Reaction: In unlimed areas, strongly acid or very strongly acid throughout

Content of rock fragments: 5 to 15 percent in the A horizon, 5 to 25 percent in the

E horizon, 5 to 30 percent in the Bt horizon, 5 to 40 percent in the Btx horizon,

and 5 to 50 percent in the C horizon

Ap or A horizon:

Hue—7.5YR or 10YR

Value—4 or 5

Chroma—2 to 4

Texture—silt loam

E horizon:

Hue—7.5YR or 10YR

Value—4 to 6

Chroma—3 to 6

Texture—silt loam

Bt horizon:

Hue—7.5YR or 10YR

Value—4 to 6

Chroma—3 to 8

Texture—silt loam or silty clay loam

Other features—high-chroma iron concentrations in shades of red or brown and

low-chroma iron depletions in shades of gray

Btx horizon:

Hue—7.5YR or 10YR

Value—4 to 6

Chroma—2 to 8

Texture—silty clay loam, silt loam, or clay loam

Other features—high-chroma iron concentrations in shades of red or brown and

low-chroma iron depletions in shades of gray

C horizon (if it occurs):

Hue—7.5YR or 10YR

Value—4 to 6

Chroma—2 to 6

Texture—silt loam, clay loam, or silty clay loam
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

293

Other features—high-chroma iron concentrations in shades of red or brown and

low-chroma iron depletions in shades of gray

Hazleton Series

Depth class: Very deep

Drainage class: Well drained (fig. 19)

Permeability: Moderately rapid or rapid

Landscape position: Steep and very steep, slightly convex to slightly concave

backslopes

Figure 19.—A profile of the well drained Hazleton soils. These soils

are in very steep, rugged landscape positions throughout

Morgan County. Depth is marked in inches.
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

294

Flooding: None

Parent material: Colluvium derived from acid sandstone

Slope range: 15 to 65 percent

Classification: Loamy-skeletal, siliceous, active, mesic Typic Dystrudepts

Representative Pedon

Hazleton channery loam, in a wooded area in Sleepy Creek Public Hunting and

Fishing Area, on Third Hill Mountain in Berkeley County, West Virginia; about

1,200 feet southwest of the intersection of Park and Forest Routes 825 and 826,

on a bearing of 231 degrees; USGS Stotlers Crossroads topographic quadrangle;

lat. 39 degrees 30 minutes 01 second N. and long. 78 degrees 08 minutes

28 seconds W.

Oi—0 to 1 inch; slightly decomposed organic matter from hardwood leaf litter; fibric

material.

Oe—1 to 2 inches; organic matter of intermediate decomposition from hardwood leaf

litter; hemic material.

A—2 to 5 inches; very dark brown (10YR 2/2) channery loam; weak fine and

medium granular structure; very friable; common fine, medium, and coarse

roots throughout; 20 percent channers; very strongly acid; clear smooth

boundary.

E—5 to 12 inches; dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) channery loam; weak fine and

medium subangular blocky structure parting to weak fine granular; very friable;

many fine, medium, and coarse roots throughout; 30 percent channers; very

strongly acid; clear wavy boundary.

BE—12 to 16 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) very channery loam; weak

fine and medium subangular blocky structure; friable; common fine and

medium roots throughout; 40 percent channers; very strongly acid; clear wavy

boundary.

Bw1—16 to 23 inches; strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) very channery loam; weak medium

and coarse subangular blocky structure; friable; few fine roots throughout; very

few clay films on faces of peds, in pores, and on rock fragments; 45 percent

channers; very strongly acid; clear wavy boundary.

Bw2—23 to 38 inches; strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) very channery loam; weak

medium and coarse subangular blocky structure; friable; few fine roots

throughout; common discontinuous faint clay films on faces of peds, in pores,

and on rock fragments; 45 percent channers; very strongly acid; clear wavy

boundary.

Bw3—38 to 49 inches; strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) very channery sandy loam; weak

medium platy structure parting to weak medium subangular blocky; firm; few fine

roots throughout; common discontinuous clay films on faces of peds, in pores,

and on rock fragments; 50 percent channers; very strongly acid; gradual wavy

boundary.

C—49 to 65 inches; strong brown (7.5YR 4/6) very channery sandy loam; massive;

firm; 55 percent channers; very strongly acid.

Range in Characteristics

Thickness of the solum: 30 to 50 inches

Depth to bedrock: More than 60 inches

Reaction: In unlimed areas, extremely acid to strongly acid (pH 3.5 to 5.5) throughout

A horizon:

Hue—10YR

Value—2 or 3

Chroma—1 to 3
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

295

Texture of the fine-earth fraction—loam or sandy loam

Content of rock fragments—15 to 35 percent

E horizon:

Hue—10YR

Value—4 or 5

Chroma—2 to 4

Texture of the fine-earth fraction—loam, sandy loam, or loamy sand

Content of rock fragments—10 to 40 percent

BE horizon (if it occurs):

Hue—10YR or 7.5YR

Value—4 to 6

Chroma—4 to 8

Texture of the fine-earth fraction—loam or sandy loam

Content of rock fragments—15 to 70 percent

Bw horizon:

Hue—10YR or 7.5YR

Value—4 to 6

Chroma—4 to 8

Texture of the fine-earth fraction—loam or sandy loam; loamy sand in the lower

part of this horizon

Content of rock fragments—15 to 70 percent

C horizon:

Hue—10YR or 7.5YR

Value—4 to 6

Chroma—4 to 8

Texture of the fine-earth fraction—sandy loam, loam, or loamy sand

Content of rock fragments—35 to 80 percent

Holly Series

Depth class: Very deep

Drainage class: Poorly drained (fig. 20)

Permeability: Moderately slow

Landscape position: Flood plains

Flooding: Frequent (more than a 50 percent chance of flooding in any year)

Parent material: Loamy alluvium

Slope range: 0 to 3 percent

Classification: Fine-loamy, mixed, active, nonacid, mesic Fluvaquentic

Endoaquepts

Representative Pedon

Holly silt loam, in a wooded area along Sleepy Creek, near Johnson’s Mill in

Morgan County, West Virginia; about 1,450 feet west-northwest of the intersection

of State Routes 8 and 26, on a bearing of 283 degrees; USGS Stotlers Crossroads

topographic quadrangle; lat. 39 degrees 33 minutes 53 seconds N. and

long. 78 degrees 11 minutes 39 seconds W.

A—0 to 3 inches; dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) silt loam; weak medium subangular

blocky structure parting to moderate medium granular; friable; many very fine,

fine, medium, and coarse roots; common very fine and fine tubular pores;

common fine irregular strong brown (7.5YR 4/6) masses of iron accumulation;

moderately acid; abrupt smooth boundary.
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

296

Bg1—3 to 8 inches; grayish brown (2.5Y 5/2) silt loam; weak medium subangular

blocky structure; friable; common very fine, fine, medium, and coarse roots;

Figure 20.—A profile of the poorly drained Holly soils. The upper

20 inches shows mottling in the grayish brown matrix and

strong brown iron concentrations around root channels. These

characteristics are typical of soils that have been saturated for

long periods of time. Holly soils are used as wetlands in areas

that have not been drained. Depth is marked in inches.
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

297

common very fine and fine tubular pores; many fine irregular strong brown

(7.5YR 4/6) masses of iron accumulation and few fine rounded iron and

manganese concretions; moderately acid; clear wavy boundary.

Bg2—8 to 24 inches; grayish brown (2.5Y 5/2) silt loam; weak coarse prismatic

structure parting to weak medium subangular blocky; friable; common very

fine and fine roots; common very fine and fine tubular pores; many coarse

irregular strong brown (7.5YR 4/6) masses of iron accumulation and few fine

rounded iron and manganese concretions; moderately acid; gradual wavy

boundary.

Bg3—24 to 39 inches; grayish brown (10YR 5/2) loam; weak coarse prismatic

structure parting to weak medium subangular blocky; friable; common very fine

and fine roots; common very fine and fine tubular pores; many medium and

coarse irregular dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) masses of iron accumulation

and common fine and medium rounded iron and manganese concretions;

moderately acid; clear wavy boundary.

Cg—39 to 50 inches; light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) sandy loam; massive; friable; few

distinct patchy stains of manganese or of iron and manganese throughout; many

medium and coarse irregular dark brown (7.5YR 3/3) masses of iron

accumulation and common fine rounded iron and manganese concretions;

10 percent pebbles; slightly acid; gradual wavy boundary.

2Cg—50 to 65 inches; brown (10YR 4/2) gravelly sandy loam; massive; friable; few

distinct patchy stains of manganese or of iron and manganese on rock fragments;

many coarse irregular dark brown (7.5YR 3/3) and few fine irregular yellowish red

(5YR 4/6) masses of iron accumulation; 25 percent pebbles; slightly acid.

Range in Characteristics

Thickness of the solum: 20 to 44 inches

Depth to bedrock: More than 60 inches

Reaction: Neutral to moderately acid in the A horizon, neutral to strongly acid in the

B horizon, and moderately acid to slightly alkaline in the C horizon

A horizon:

Hue—10YR

Value—2 to 4

Chroma—1 or 2

Texture of the fine-earth fraction—silt loam

Content of rock fragments—0 to 10 percent

Other features—high-chroma iron concentrations in shades of red or brown

Bg horizon:

Hue—10YR to 5Y or is neutral

Value—4 to 6

Chroma—0 to 2

Texture of the fine-earth fraction—dominantly silt loam or loam; less commonly

sandy loam or silty clay loam

Content of rock fragments—0 to 15 percent

Other features—high-chroma iron concentrations in shades of red or brown

Cg horizon:

Hue—10YR to 5Y or is neutral

Value—4 to 6

Chroma—0 to 2

Texture of the fine-earth fraction—dominantly silt loam, loam, or sandy loam;

often stratified below a depth of 40 inches and includes textures of sand

through silty clay loam

Content of rock fragments—0 to 25 percent
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

298

Hustontown Series

Depth class: Very deep

Drainage class: Moderately well drained

Permeability: Moderate above the fragipan and moderately slow in the fragipan

Landscape position: Concave footslopes and toeslopes

Flooding: None

Parent material: Colluvium derived from acid red shale, siltstone, and sandstone

Slope range: 3 to 8 percent

Classification: Fine-loamy, mixed, active, mesic Oxyaquic Fragiudalfs

Representative Pedon

Hustontown silt loam, in a pastured area, about 1.15 miles west of Dickeys

Mountain, in Thompson Township in Fulton County, Pennsylvania; 1.4 miles

northeast of the intersection of Pennsylvania Routes 2002 and 0928 and about

1,800 feet west of Route 0928; USGS Big Cove Tannery topographic quadrangle;

lat. 39 degrees 46 minutes 35 seconds N. and long. 78 degrees 05 minutes

58 seconds W.

Ap—0 to 8 inches; dark reddish gray (5YR 4/2) silt loam; weak fine granular structure;

friable, nonsticky and nonplastic; many fine and medium roots throughout;

5 percent subangular shale and sandstone channers; moderately acid; abrupt

smooth boundary.

BE—8 to 12 inches; reddish brown (5YR 5/3) silt loam; weak fine granular structure;

friable, nonsticky and nonplastic; common fine and medium roots throughout;

5 percent subangular shale and sandstone channers; moderately acid; clear wavy

boundary.

Bt1—12 to 20 inches; reddish brown (5YR 5/4) silt loam; moderate medium

subangular blocky structure; firm, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; common fine

and medium roots throughout; few distinct clay films on faces of peds and in

pores; 10 percent subangular shale and sandstone channers; moderately acid;

clear wavy boundary.

Bt2—20 to 30 inches; variegated channery silt loam, 80 percent yellowish red (5YR

5/6) and 20 percent reddish brown (5YR 5/3); moderate medium subangular

blocky structure; firm, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; few fine and medium

roots throughout; few distinct clay films on faces of peds and in pores; common

fine and medium distinct pinkish gray (5YR 6/2) iron depletions on faces of peds

and in pores; 15 percent subangular shale and sandstone channers; strongly

acid; clear wavy boundary.

Btx1—30 to 55 inches; reddish brown (5YR 5/4) channery silt loam; moderate very

coarse prismatic structure parting to moderate fine and medium platy; very firm

and brittle, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; few fine roots between vertical faces

of peds; common prominent continuous light gray (5YR 7/1) clay films on vertical

faces of peds; few prominent black (N 2/0) iron and manganese stains on faces of

platy peds; few medium distinct pinkish gray (5YR 7/2) iron depletions in the

matrix; 20 percent subangular shale and sandstone channers; moderately acid;

gradual wavy boundary.

Btx2—55 to 65 inches; strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) channery silty clay loam; few

medium prominent pinkish gray (5YR 7/2) iron depletions in the matrix; moderate

very coarse prismatic structure parting to moderate medium platy; very firm and

brittle, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; very few fine roots between vertical faces

of peds; common prominent continuous light gray (5YR 7/1) clay films on vertical

faces of peds; very few prominent black (N 2/0) iron and manganese stains on

faces of platy peds; 20 percent subangular sandstone and shale channers;

moderately acid.
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

299

Range in Characteristics

Thickness of the solum: 40 to 65 inches

Depth to bedrock: More than 60 inches

Depth to the fragipan: 18 to 32 inches

Reaction: In unlimed areas, extremely acid to strongly acid in the upper part of the

solum and slightly acid to strongly acid in the lower part of the solum

A horizon:

Hue—5YR or 7.5YR

Value—2 to 5

Chroma—2 to 4

Texture of the fine-earth fraction—silt loam

Content of rock fragments—0 to 10 percent

BE horizon:

Hue—2.5YR or 5YR

Value—4 or 5

Chroma—3 to 6

Texture of the fine-earth fraction—silt loam or loam

Content of rock fragments—5 to 30 percent

Bt horizon:

Hue—2.5YR or 5YR

Value—4 or 5

Chroma—3 to 6

Texture of the fine-earth fraction—silt loam, silty clay loam, or clay loam

Content of rock fragments—5 to 30 percent

Other features—high-chroma iron concentrations in shades of red or yellow and

low-chroma iron depletions in shades of gray in the lower part of this horizon

Btx horizon:

Hue—5YR or 7.5YR

Value—4 or 5

Chroma—4 to 6

Texture of the fine-earth fraction—silt loam, silty clay loam, clay loam, or loam

Content of rock fragments—10 to 50 percent

Other features—high-chroma iron concentrations in shades of red or yellow and

low-chroma iron depletions in shades of gray

Klinesville Series

Depth class: Shallow

Drainage class: Somewhat excessively drained

Permeability: Moderately rapid

Landscape position: Gently sloping to very steep, convex ridgetops, shoulder slopes,

and backslopes

Flooding: None

Parent material: Residuum derived from red shale and fine grained sandstone; mostly

members of the Hampshire geologic formation

Slope range: 3 to 65 percent

Classification: Loamy-skeletal, mixed, active, mesic Lithic Dystrudepts

Representative Pedon

Klinesville channery loam, in a wooded area in Morgan County, West Virginia;

about 950 feet east of County Route 9/14 and 8,300 feet, by road, north of its

intersection with State Route 9; USGS Paw Paw topographic quadrangle;
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

300

lat. 39 degrees 33 minutes 07 seconds N. and long. 78 degrees 23 minutes

34 seconds W.

A—0 to 2 inches; channery loam, dark reddish brown (5YR 3/2) rubbed; moderate

very fine granular structure; very friable; many very fine, fine, and medium roots

throughout; many very fine and fine vesicular pores; 25 percent subangular

sandstone channers; very strongly acid; abrupt wavy boundary.

E—2 to 5 inches; very channery loam, reddish brown (5YR 5/4) rubbed; weak fine

granular structure; very friable; many very fine, fine, and medium roots

throughout; many very fine and fine vesicular pores; 35 percent subangular

sandstone channers; very strongly acid; clear wavy boundary.

Bw—5 to 14 inches; very channery loam, reddish brown (2.5YR 4/4) exterior;

weak medium subangular blocky structure; friable; common fine and medium

roots throughout; common very fine and fine vesicular and tubular pores;

45 percent subangular sandstone channers; very strongly acid; clear wavy

boundary.

C—14 to 18 inches; very channery loam, dark reddish brown (2.5YR 3/4) exterior;

massive; friable; common fine and medium roots throughout; common very fine

and fine vesicular and tubular pores; 60 percent subangular sandstone channers;

very strongly acid; clear smooth boundary.

R—18 inches; dusky red (10R 3/4), moderately weathered, fine grained sandstone

bedrock.

Range in Characteristics

Thickness of the solum: 10 to 20 inches

Depth to bedrock: 10 to 20 inches

Reaction: In unlimed areas, very strongly acid to moderately acid throughout

Content of rock fragments: 15 to 30 percent in the A or Ap horizon, 15 to 40 percent

in the E horizon, 15 to 75 percent in the B horizon, and 40 to 90 percent in the

C horizon

A or Ap horizon:

Hue—5YR

Value—2 to 4

Chroma—2 to 4

Texture—channery loam

E horizon (if it occurs):

Hue—5YR

Value—4 or 5

Chroma—3 or 4

Texture—channery or very channery analogs of loam

Bw horizon:

Hue—5YR to 10R

Value—3 to 5

Chroma—3 to 6

Texture—channery, very channery, and extremely channery analogs of

loam or silt loam

C horizon:

Hue—5YR to 10R

Value—3 or 4

Chroma—3 to 6

Texture—very channery or extremely channery analogs of loam or silt

loam
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

301

Lehew Series

Depth class: Moderately deep

Drainage class: Somewhat excessively drained

Permeability: Moderately rapid

Landscape position: Very steep, convex nose slopes and shoulder slopes

Flooding: None

Parent material: Residuum derived from interbedded reddish, fine grained sandstone

and siltstone; mostly members of the Hampshire geologic formation

Slope range: 35 to 65 percent

Classification: Loamy-skeletal, siliceous, semiactive, mesic Typic Dystrudepts

Representative Pedon

Lehew channery fine sandy loam, in a very steep, wooded area on the western slope

of Sideling Hill Mountain in Morgan County, West Virginia; about 880 feet northnortheast of the intersection of State Routes 18 and 12, on a bearing of 47 degrees;

USGS Paw Paw topographic quadrangle; lat. 39 degrees 32 minutes 52 seconds N.

and long. 78 degrees 23 minutes 59 seconds W.

Oi—0 to 0.5 inch; slightly decomposed organic matter from hardwood leaf litter; fibric

material.

A—0.5 inch to 4 inches; dark brown (7.5YR 3/2) channery fine sandy loam; very fine

and fine granular structure; very friable; many very fine, fine, and medium roots;

25 percent angular sandstone channers; very strongly acid; clear irregular

boundary.

E/A—4 to 6 inches; very channery fine sandy loam, 60 percent brown (7.5YR 4/3)

and 40 percent dark brown (7.5YR 3/3); weak fine granular structure; very friable;

many fine and medium roots; 40 percent angular sandstone channers; very

strongly acid; clear wavy boundary.

BE—6 to 8 inches; reddish brown (5YR 4/4) channery fine sandy loam; weak fine and

medium subangular blocky structure; friable; common fine and medium roots;

20 percent angular sandstone channers; very strongly acid; gradual wavy

boundary.

Bw1—8 to 18 inches; reddish brown (5YR 4/3) channery fine sandy loam; weak

medium subangular blocky structure; friable; common fine, medium, and coarse

roots; 30 percent angular sandstone channers; very strongly acid; gradual wavy

boundary.

Bw2—18 to 29 inches; reddish brown (5YR 4/3) very channery sandy loam; weak fine

and medium subangular blocky structure; friable; few fine, medium, and coarse

roots; 40 percent angular sandstone channers; strongly acid; gradual wavy

boundary.

C—29 to 35 inches; dark reddish brown (2.5YR 3/3) very channery sandy loam;

massive; friable; few very fine, fine, and medium roots; 55 percent angular

sandstone channers; strongly acid; abrupt wavy boundary.

R—35 inches; dark reddish brown (2.5YR 3/3), moderately weathered, fractured and

tilted, fine grained sandstone bedrock.

Range in Characteristics

Thickness of the solum: 15 to 30 inches

Depth to bedrock: 20 to 40 inches

Reaction: In unlimed areas, very strongly acid or strongly acid (pH 4.5 to 5.5)

throughout the profile

Content of rock fragments: 15 to 35 percent in the A horizon, 15 to 40 percent in the

E or E/A horizon, 25 to 40 percent in the B horizon, and 35 to 90 percent in the

C horizon
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

302

A horizon:

Hue—10YR or 7.5YR

Value—3 or 4

Chroma—1 or 2

Texture—channery fine sandy loam

E horizon:

Hue—7.5YR or 5YR

Value—4 to 6

Chroma—2 to 4

Texture—channery or very channery analogs of fine sandy loam, sandy loam, or

loam

B horizon:

Hue—5YR or 2.5YR

Value—3 to 5

Chroma—3 to 6

Texture—channery or very channery analogs of fine sandy loam, sandy loam, or

loam

C horizon:

Hue—5YR or 2.5YR

Value—3 to 5

Chroma—2 to 4

Texture—very channery or extremely channery analogs of sandy loam, fine

sandy loam, loamy sand, or loam

Lindside Series

Depth class: Very deep

Drainage class: Moderately well drained

Permeability: Moderate

Landscape position: Nearly level flood plains, mainly along the Cacapon River

Flooding: Occasional (a 10 to 50 percent chance of flooding in any year)

Parent material: Alluvium washed from limestone-influenced soils on uplands

Slope range: 0 to 3 percent

Classification: Fine-silty, mixed, active, mesic Fluvaquentic Eutrudepts

Representative Pedon

Lindside silt loam, in a meadow in Hampshire County, West Virginia; about 100 yards

east of South Branch River, 1 mile north of Saw Mill Run, and about 675 yards westnorthwest of State Route 8.

Ap—0 to 7 inches; dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) silt loam; weak fine granular

structure; friable; moderately acid; clear smooth boundary.

BA—7 to 15 inches; brown (10YR 4/3) silt loam; weak and moderate fine subangular

blocky structure; friable; moderately acid; clear wavy boundary.

Bw—15 to 30 inches; brown (10YR 4/3) silty clay loam; moderate fine subangular

blocky structure; firm; few medium distinct yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) and dark

reddish brown (5YR 2/2) iron concentrations; moderately acid; clear wavy

boundary.

BC—30 to 48 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) silty clay loam; moderate fine

subangular blocky structure; firm; many medium and coarse distinct light

brownish gray (10YR 6/2) iron depletions; many medium and coarse distinct

reddish brown (5YR 4/3) iron concentrations; moderately acid; clear smooth

boundary.
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

303

Cg—48 to 60 inches; dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) stratified silty clay loam, fine

sandy loam, and silt loam; massive; many medium faint grayish brown (10YR 5/2)

iron depletions; moderately acid.

Range in Characteristics

Thickness of the solum: 30 to 50 inches

Depth to bedrock: More than 60 inches

Reaction: Strongly acid to slightly alkaline (pH 5.1 to 7.8) throughout

Content of rock fragments: 0 to 5 percent above a depth of 40 inches and 0 to

30 percent below a depth of 40 inches

Ap horizon:

Hue—10YR

Value—3 or 4

Chroma—2 or 3

Texture—silt loam

BA horizon (if it occurs):

Hue—10YR or 2.5Y

Value—4 or 5

Chroma—3 or 4

Texture—silt loam

Bw horizon:

Hue—10YR or 2.5Y

Value—4 or 5

Chroma—3 to 6

Texture—silt loam or silty clay loam

Other features—high-chroma iron concentrations in shades of red and lowchroma iron depletions in shades of gray begin at some depth between 14

and 24 inches

BC horizon (if it occurs):

Hue—10YR or 2.5Y

Value—4 or 5

Chroma—3 to 6

Texture—silt loam or silty clay loam

Other features—high-chroma iron concentrations in shades of red and lowchroma iron depletions in shades of gray

C horizon:

Hue—7.5YR to 2.5Y

Value—4 to 6

Chroma—1 to 4

Texture—silt loam, silty clay loam, loam, clay loam, very fine sandy loam, fine

sandy loam, and sandy loam or stratified layers of any of these textures

Other features—high-chroma iron concentrations in shades of red and lowchroma iron depletions in shades of gray

Litz Series

Depth class: Moderately deep

Drainage class: Well drained

Permeability: Moderate

Landscape position: Strongly sloping to very steep upland ridges, shoulder slopes,

and backslopes
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

304

Flooding: None

Parent material: Residuum derived from leached, calcareous shale interbedded with

widely spaced shaly limestone

Slope range: 8 to 65 percent

Classification: Loamy-skeletal, mixed, active, mesic Ruptic-Ultic Dystrudepts

Representative Pedon

Litz channery silt loam, in a very steep, wooded area on the western aspect of

Warm Springs Ridge in Morgan County, West Virginia; about 1,150 feet southeast

of the intersection of State Routes 9 and 9/18, on a bearing of 142 degrees, and

about 750 feet east of Sir Johns Run; USGS Stotlers Crossroads topographic

quadrangle; lat. 39 degrees 37 minutes 19 seconds N. and long. 78 degrees

14 minutes 42 seconds W.

Oe—0 to 0.5 inch; moderately decomposed organic matter from hardwood leaf litter;

hemic material.

A—0.5 inch to 1.5 inches; very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) channery silt loam;

moderate fine and medium granular structure; very friable; many very fine, fine,

and medium roots; 20 percent angular shale channers; very strongly acid; abrupt

wavy boundary.

E—1.5 to 4 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) channery silt loam; moderate fine and

medium granular structure; very friable; many very fine, fine, medium, and coarse

roots; 20 percent angular shale channers; very strongly acid; clear wavy

boundary.

BE—4 to 9 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) very channery silt loam; weak fine and

medium subangular blocky structure; friable; many very fine, fine, and medium

roots; 35 percent angular shale channers; very strongly acid; clear wavy

boundary.

Bw/Bt—9 to 27 inches; 55 percent yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) very channery silt

loam (Bw part) and 45 percent strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) very channery silty clay

loam (Bt part); moderate fine and medium subangular blocky structure; friable;

common very fine, fine, medium, and coarse roots; few faint discontinuous

yellowish red (5YR 4/6) clay films on ped faces and on rock fragments in the Bt

part; 40 percent angular shale channers; very strongly acid; clear irregular

boundary.

C—27 to 31 inches; strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) extremely channery silty clay loam;

weak very fine and fine platy structure; common very fine, fine, medium, and

coarse roots; few faint discontinuous yellowish red (5YR 4/6) clay films on rock

fragments; 80 percent angular shale channers; very strongly acid; abrupt irregular

boundary.

R—31 inches; hard, olive gray, tilted shale bedrock.

Range in Characteristics

Thickness of the solum: 10 to 30 inches

Depth to bedrock: 20 to 40 inches

Reaction: In unlimed areas, very strongly acid to moderately acid throughout

(pH 4.5 to 6.0)

A horizon:

Hue—7.5YR or 10YR

Value—2 to 6

Chroma—2 to 6

Texture of the fine-earth fraction—silt loam

Content of rock fragments—15 to 35 percent
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

305

E horizon (if it occurs):

Hue—7.5YR or 10YR

Value—4 to 8

Chroma—2 to 4

Texture of the fine-earth fraction—loam or silt loam

Content of rock fragments—5 to 65 percent

BE horizon (if it occurs):

Hue—7.5YR or 10YR

Value—4 or 5

Chroma—3 to 8

Texture of the fine-earth fraction—silt loam or loam

Content of rock fragments—5 to 65 percent

Bw/Bt horizon:

Hue—5YR to 2.5Y

Value—4 or 5

Chroma—3 to 8

Texture of the fine-earth fraction—loam or silt loam in the Bw part and silty clay

loam or clay loam in the Bt part

Content of rock fragments—35 to 70 percent

C horizon (if it occurs):

Hue—2.5YR to 5Y

Value—4 to 6

Chroma—1 to 6

Texture of the fine-earth fraction—loam, silt loam, clay loam, or silty clay loam

Content of rock fragments—35 to 90 percent

Melvin Series

Depth class: Very deep

Drainage class: Poorly drained

Permeability: Moderate

Landscape position: Flood plains, mainly along the Potomac River; often on the

backswamp of the flood plain, next to the adjacent terrace or upland landscape

Flooding: Frequently flooded for brief periods

Parent material: Mixed alluvium derived from soils formed in limestone, shale,

sandstone, or siltstone

Slope range: 0 to 2 percent

Classification: Fine-silty, mixed, active, nonacid, mesic Fluvaquentic Endoaquepts

Representative Pedon

Melvin silt loam, in Quincy Township, Franklin County, Pennsylvania; 1,300 feet

northwest of the intersection of Pennsylvania Routes 0316 and 2016; USGS

Waynesboro topographic quadrangle; lat. 39 degrees 48 minutes 23 seconds N. and

long. 77 degrees 36 minutes 42 seconds W.

Ap1—0 to 2 inches; dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) silt loam; weak fine granular

structure; friable, nonsticky and nonplastic; many fine and medium roots; neutral;

clear wavy boundary.

Ap2—2 to 10 inches; grayish brown (10YR 5/2) silt loam; weak fine granular structure;

friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; many fine and medium roots; few fine

prominent dark brown (7.5YR 4/4) iron concentrations; neutral; clear wavy

boundary.
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

306

Bg1—10 to 22 inches; light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) silt loam; weak medium

subangular blocky structure; friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; common

fine roots; common medium distinct dark brown (10YR 4/3) iron concentrations;

neutral; clear wavy boundary.

Bg2—22 to 36 inches; grayish brown (10YR 5/2) silty clay loam; weak medium

subangular blocky structure; friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; common

medium distinct dark brown (10YR 4/3) iron concentrations; neutral; clear wavy

boundary.

Cg1—36 to 62 inches; dark grayish brown (2.5Y 4/2) silt loam; massive; friable,

slightly sticky and nonplastic; few prominent black (10YR 2/1) stains on

pebbles; common medium prominent dark gray (10YR 4/1) iron depletions;

common medium prominent dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) iron

concentrations; 5 percent rounded chert and sandstone pebbles; neutral;

gradual wavy boundary.

Cg2—62 to 68 inches; variegated dark gray (5Y 4/1 and N 4/0) sandy loam;

massive; friable, nonsticky and nonplastic; few prominent black (5Y 2/1) stains

on pebbles; 5 percent rounded chert and sandstone pebbles and cobbles;

neutral; abrupt wavy boundary.

Cg3—68 to 72 inches; variegated dark grayish brown (2.5Y 4/2) and dark gray

(5Y 4/1) stratified silt and sand; massive; friable, nonsticky and nonplastic;

5 percent rounded chert and sandstone pebbles and cobbles; neutral.

Range in Characteristics

Thickness of the solum: 20 to 40 inches

Depth to bedrock: More than 60 inches

Reaction: Moderately acid to mildly alkaline throughout

Ap horizon:

Hue—10YR to 5Y

Value—4 to 7

Chroma—1 to 4

Texture of the fine-earth fraction—silt loam

Content of rock fragments—0 to 5 percent

Other features—high-chroma iron concentrations in shades of red or brown

and low-chroma iron depletions in shades of gray

Bg horizon:

Hue—10YR or is neutral

Value—4 to 7

Chroma—0 to 2

Texture of the fine-earth fraction—silt loam or silty clay loam

Content of rock fragments—0 to 5 percent

Other features—high-chroma iron concentrations in shades of red or brown

and low-chroma iron depletions in shades of gray

Cg horizon:

 Hue—10YR to 5Y

Value—4 to 7

Chroma—1 or 2

Texture of the fine-earth fraction—silt loam, silty clay loam, or loam;

often stratified subhorizons of clay, loams, and sands or sand and

gravel

Content of rock fragments—0 to 20 percent

Other features—high-chroma iron concentrations in shades of red or brown

and low-chroma iron depletions in shades of gray
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

307

Monongahela Series

Depth class: Very deep

Drainage class: Moderately well drained (fig. 21)

Permeability: Moderate above the fragipan and moderately slow or slow in the

fragipan

Landscape position: Nearly level to strongly sloping stream terraces along Sleepy

Creek, Cacapon River, and Potomac River

Flooding: None

Parent material: Old alluvium washed from upland soils derived largely from acid

sandstone and shale

Slope range: 0 to 15 percent

Classification: Fine-loamy, mixed, semiactive, mesic Typic Fragiudults

Figure 21.—A profile of the moderately well drained Monongahela

soils. These soils have a very firm, slowly permeable fragipan at

a depth of about 24 inches. They have a perched water table

during periods of seasonal wetness because of the fragipan.

Depth is marked in inches.
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

308

Representative Pedon

Monongahela silt loam, in a hayfield in the Shanghai area of Berkeley County, West

Virginia; about 1,650 feet south and 85 degrees west of the iron bridge crossing Back

Creek along State Route 18; USGS Tablers Station topographic quadrangle; lat. 39

degrees 26 minutes 08 seconds N and long. 78 degrees 07 minutes 25 seconds W.

Ap—0 to 10 inches; dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) silt loam; moderate very fine

and fine granular structure; very friable; common medium and coarse roots

throughout; slightly acid; abrupt smooth boundary.

Bt1—10 to 21 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) silt loam; moderate fine and

medium subangular blocky structure; friable; many very fine and fine roots

throughout; many distinct continuous clay films on faces of peds and in pores;

5 percent pebbles; very strongly acid; clear wavy boundary.

Bt2—21 to 27 inches; dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/6) silt loam; moderate fine and

medium subangular blocky structure; friable; few very fine and fine roots

throughout; common distinct continuous clay films on faces of peds and in pores;

common fine and medium distinct yellowish brown (10YR 5/8) iron

concentrations; common fine and medium prominent gray (10YR 6/1) iron

depletions; 5 percent pebbles; very strongly acid; clear wavy boundary.

Btx1—27 to 45 inches; light olive brown (2.5Y 5/4) silt loam; strong coarse prismatic

structure parting to weak thin and medium platy; very firm and brittle; common

distinct continuous clay films on faces of peds; common fine and medium

prominent yellowish brown (10YR 5/8) iron concentrations; common fine and

medium prominent gray (10YR 6/1) iron depletions; very strongly acid; gradual

wavy boundary.

Btx2—45 to 53 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/8) clay loam; strong coarse prismatic

structure parting to weak medium platy; firm and brittle; few distinct discontinuous

clay films on faces of peds; common medium prominent gray (10YR 6/1) iron

depletions; 10 percent pebbles; very strongly acid; gradual wavy boundary.

C—53 to 65 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) sandy loam; weak very coarse

prismatic structure; friable; many medium and coarse prominent gray (10YR 6/1)

iron depletions; 10 percent pebbles; very strongly acid.

Range in Characteristics

Thickness of the solum: 40 to 72 inches

Depth to bedrock: More than 60 inches

Depth to the fragipan: 18 to 30 inches

Reaction: In unlimed areas, strongly acid or very strongly acid (pH 4.5 to 5.5)

Ap horizon:

Hue—10YR

Value—4 or 5

Chroma—2 to 4

Texture of the fine-earth fraction—silt loam

Content of rock fragments—0 to 15 percent

Bt horizon:

Hue—10YR or 7.5YR

Value—4 to 6

Chroma—4 to 8

Texture of the fine-earth fraction—silt loam, silty clay loam, loam, or clay loam

Content of rock fragments—0 to 20 percent

Other features—high-chroma iron concentrations in shades of red or yellow

and low-chroma iron depletions in shades of gray in the lower part of the

Bt horizon
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

309

Btx horizon:

Hue—7.5YR to 2.5Y

Value—5 or 6

Chroma—3 to 8

Texture of the fine-earth fraction—loam, silt loam, clay loam, or sandy clay

loam

Content of rock fragments—0 to 25 percent

Other features—high-chroma iron concentrations in shades of red or yellow

and low-chroma iron depletions in shades of gray

C horizon:

Hue—7.5YR to 2.5Y

Value—4 to 7

Chroma—2 to 8

Texture of the fine-earth fraction—sandy loam, loam, silt loam, silty clay loam,

or clay loam

Content of rock fragments—10 to 40 percent

Other features—high-chroma iron concentrations in shades of red and yellow

and low-chroma iron depletions in shades of gray

Murrill Series

Depth class: Very deep

Drainage class: Well drained

Permeability: Moderate above a depth of 40 inches and moderate or moderately slow

below a depth of 40 inches

Landscape position: Upland side slopes and benches; mostly on the western aspect

of Warm Springs Ridge; sinkholes common in some areas

Flooding: None

Parent material: Colluvium derived from sandstone over limestone residuum

Slope range: 3 to 35 percent

Classification: Fine-loamy, mixed, semiactive, mesic Typic Hapludults

Representative Pedon

Murrill loam, in a wooded area used as a campground in Morgan County, West

Virginia; about 1,100 feet east of State Route 9/10 and about 3 miles south of its

intersection with State Route 9; USGS Great Cacapon topographic quadrangle;

lat. 39 degrees 34 minutes 06 seconds N. and long. 78 degrees 15 minutes

48 seconds W.

A—0 to 2 inches; very dark gray (10YR 3/1) loam; moderate very fine granular

structure; very friable; many roots; 10 percent rock fragments; strongly acid;

abrupt wavy boundary.

E—2 to 9 inches; brown (10YR 5/3) loam; weak very fine subangular blocky structure;

very friable; common roots; 10 percent rock fragments; very strongly acid; clear

wavy boundary.

BE—9 to 13 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) gravelly loam; weak medium

subangular blocky structure; friable; few roots; 20 percent rock fragments; very

strongly acid; clear wavy boundary.

Bt1—13 to 26 inches; strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) gravelly loam; moderate medium

subangular blocky structure; friable; few roots; few discontinuous clay films on

faces of peds; 30 percent rock fragments; very strongly acid; clear wavy

boundary.

Bt2—26 to 43 inches; strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) gravelly sandy clay loam; moderate

medium subangular blocky structure; friable; few roots; common discontinuous
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

310

clay films on faces of peds and on rock fragments; 30 percent rock fragments;

very strongly acid; clear wavy boundary.

2Bt3—43 to 60 inches; yellowish red (5YR 5/6) silty clay; moderate and strong thick

platy structure; firm; common continuous very pale brown (10YR 7/3) clay films

on faces of peds; very strongly acid.

Range in Characteristics

Thickness of the solum: 60 inches or more

Depth to bedrock: More than 72 inches

Reaction: In unlimed areas, strongly acid or very strongly acid throughout

A horizon:

Hue—10YR

Value—2 to 4

Chroma—1 to 4

Texture of the fine-earth fraction—loam

Content of rock fragments—10 to 30 percent

E horizon:

Hue—10YR

Value—5 or 6

Chroma—3 to 6

Texture of the fine-earth fraction—loam or sandy loam

Content of rock fragments—10 to 30 percent

Bt horizon:

Hue—10YR to 5YR

Value—4 to 6

Chroma—4 to 6

Texture of the fine-earth fraction—loam, silt loam, sandy clay loam, clay loam, or

silty clay loam

Content of rock fragments—0 to 30 percent

2Bt horizon:

Hue—2.5YR to 7.5YR

Value—4 or 5

Chroma—4 to 8

Texture of the fine-earth fraction—clay loam, silty clay loam, silty clay, or

clay

Content of rock fragments—0 to 40 percent

Opequon Series

Depth class: Shallow

Drainage class: Well drained

Permeability: Moderate or moderately slow

Landscape position: Steep or very steep limestone uplands

Flooding: None

Parent material: Residuum derived from Helderberg Limestone

Slope range: 55 to 100 percent

Classification: Clayey, mixed, active, mesic Lithic Hapludalfs

Representative Pedon

Opequon channery silty clay loam, in a very steep, wooded area in Morgan County,

West Virginia; about 1,880 feet east-southeast of the mouth of Connor Hollow on

Cacapon River, on a bearing of 120 degrees, and 3,520 feet east-northeast of the
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

311

intersection of State Routes 9 and 7, on a bearing of 76 degrees; USGS Great

Cacapon topographic quadrangle; lat. 39 degrees 31 minutes 23 seconds N. and

long. 78 degrees 20 minutes 25 seconds W.

A—0 to 2 inches; dark brown (7.5YR 3/2) channery silty clay loam; moderate very fine

and fine granular structure; very friable; many very fine, fine, medium, and coarse

roots throughout; common very fine interstitial pores; 15 percent limestone

channers; neutral; abrupt wavy boundary.

Bt1—2 to 8 inches; channery silty clay, 60 percent dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4)

and 40 percent strong brown (7.5YR 4/6); moderate fine subangular blocky

structure; firm, sticky and plastic; many very fine, fine, medium, and coarse roots

throughout; common fine tubular and interstitial pores; common coarse dark

brown (7.5YR 3/2) krotovinas; common faint discontinuous clay films on faces of

peds; 20 percent limestone channers; slightly alkaline; clear wavy boundary.

Bt2—8 to 13 inches; strong brown (7.5YR 4/6) channery silty clay; moderate medium

subangular blocky structure; firm, sticky and plastic; common very fine, fine,

medium, and coarse roots throughout; few very fine tubular and interstitial pores;

common faint discontinuous clay films on faces of peds; 30 percent limestone

channers; slightly alkaline; clear wavy boundary.

C—13 to 16 inches; strong brown (7.5YR 4/6) very channery silty clay; massive; firm,

sticky and plastic; few very fine roots throughout; few very fine interstitial pores;

few faint patchy clay films on rock fragments; 35 percent limestone channers;

moderately alkaline; abrupt irregular boundary.

R—16 inches; hard, gray limestone bedrock.

Range in Characteristics

Thickness of the solum: 12 to 20 inches

Depth to bedrock: 12 to 20 inches

Reaction: Moderately acid to slightly alkaline (pH 5.6 to 7.8)

A horizon:

Hue—10YR or 7.5YR

Value—3 or 4

Chroma—1 to 4

Texture of the fine-earth fraction—silty clay loam

Content of rock fragments—15 to 25 percent

Bt horizon:

Hue—5YR to 10YR

Value—4 or 5

Chroma—4 to 6

Texture of the fine-earth fraction—silty clay or clay

Content of rock fragments—0 to 35 percent

C horizon (if it occurs):

Hue—5YR to 10YR

Value—4 or 5

Chroma—4 to 6

Texture of the fine-earth fraction—silty clay or clay

Content of rock fragments—0 to 35 percent

Philo Series

Depth class: Deep or very deep

Drainage class: Moderately well drained

Permeability: Moderate
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

312

Landscape position: Nearly level flood plains, mainly along Sleepy Creek and its

tributaries

Flooding: Frequent or occasional

Parent material: Recent alluvium washed from upland soils derived from acid

sandstone and shale

Slope range: 0 to 3 percent

Classification: Coarse-loamy, mixed, active, mesic Fluvaquentic Dystrudepts

Representative Pedon

Philo silt loam, in a hayfield along Back Creek, east of Shanghai in Berkeley County,

West Virginia; about 5,800 feet north-northeast of the County Route 18 bridge over

Back Creek, on a bearing of 24 degrees; USGS Tablers Station topographic

quadrangle; lat. 39 degrees 26 minutes 57 seconds N. and long. 78 degrees

06 minutes 25 seconds W.

Ap—0 to 10 inches; brown (10YR 4/3) silt loam; moderate fine and medium granular

structure; friable; common very fine, fine, medium, and coarse roots throughout;

5 percent pebbles; slightly acid; abrupt smooth boundary.

Bw1—10 to 17 inches; dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) silt loam; weak medium and

coarse subangular blocky structure parting to weak medium granular; friable;

common very fine and fine roots throughout; common fine and medium very dark

brown iron and manganese concretions; slightly acid; clear wavy boundary.

Bw2—17 to 29 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) silt loam; weak medium or

coarse subangular blocky structure parting to moderate medium granular; friable;

few very fine roots throughout; common fine and medium very dark brown iron

and manganese concretions; few fine light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) iron

depletions; few fine dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/6) iron concentrations; very

strongly acid; clear wavy boundary.

Bw3—29 to 45 inches; brown (7.5YR 5/4) silt loam; moderate medium subangular

blocky structure; friable; few very fine and fine roots throughout; common fine and

medium very dark brown iron and manganese concretions; common medium light

brownish gray (10YR 6/2) iron depletions and common medium yellowish brown

(10YR 5/6) iron concentrations; very strongly acid; clear wavy boundary.

BC—45 to 53 inches; brown (7.5YR 5/4) silt loam; weak coarse subangular blocky

structure; friable; few very fine and fine roots throughout; few fine and medium

very dark brown iron and manganese concretions; many medium and coarse

light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) iron depletions; common fine and medium

yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) iron concentrations; very strongly acid; clear wavy

boundary.

C—53 to 65 inches; brown (7.5YR 4/4) silt loam; massive; friable; few fine and

medium very dark brown iron and manganese concretions; common medium and

coarse light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) iron depletions; common medium strong

brown (7.5YR 5/6) iron concentrations; very strongly acid.

Range in Characteristics

Thickness of the solum: 20 to 60 inches

Depth to bedrock: 40 to more than 60 inches

Reaction: In unlimed areas, very strongly acid to moderately acid throughout (pH 4.5

to 6.0)

Ap or A horizon:

Hue—10YR

Value—3 or 4

Chroma—2 or 3
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

313

Texture of the fine-earth fraction—silt loam, fine sandy loam, or sandy loam

Content of rock fragments—0 to 20 percent

Bw horizon:

Hue—7.5YR to 2.5Y

Value—4 or 5

Chroma—3 to 6

Texture of the fine-earth fraction—silt loam, loam, fine sandy loam, or sandy loam

Content of rock fragments—0 to 20 percent

Other features—high-chroma iron concentrations in shades of red and brown

and low-chroma iron depletions in shades of gray

BC horizon:

Colors—similar to those in the Bw horizon

Texture of the fine-earth fraction—similar to those in the Bw horizon

C horizon:

Hue—7.5YR to 2.5Y

Value—4 or 5

Chroma—1 to 4

Texture of the fine-earth fraction—silt loam, loam, or sandy loam

Content of rock fragments—0 to 40 percent

Other features—high-chroma iron concentrations in shades of red and brown and

low-chroma iron depletions in shades of gray; gleyed in some pedons

2C horizon (if it occurs):

Hue—7.5YR to 2.5Y

Value—4 or 5

Chroma—1 to 4

Texture of the fine-earth fraction—silt loam, loam, sandy loam, loamy sand, sand,

or stratified subhorizons of any of these textures

Content of rock fragments—0 to 75 percent

Other features—high-chroma iron concentrations in shades of red and brown and

low-chroma iron depletions in shades of gray; gleyed in some pedons

Pope Series

Depth class: Very deep

Drainage class: Well drained

Permeability: Moderate or moderately rapid

Landscape position: Nearly level flood plains, mainly along Sleepy Creek and its

tributaries in the eastern part of the county

Flooding: Frequent or occasional

Parent material: Loamy alluvium washed from upland soils underlain by acid

sandstone, siltstone, and shale

Slope range: 0 to 3 percent

Classification: Coarse-loamy, mixed, active, mesic Fluventic Dystrudepts

Representative Pedon

Pope silt loam, in an area previously used for cultivated crops, near Jones Springs

in Berkeley County, West Virginia; about 9,600 feet south-southeast of the

intersection of Routes 7 and 7/8, on a bearing of 170 degrees; USGS Tablers Station

WV topographic quadrangle; lat. 39 degrees 27 minutes 55 seconds N. and

long. 78 degrees 05 minutes 25 seconds W.

Ap—0 to 11 inches; brown (10YR 4/3) silt loam; weak fine granular structure; very
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

314

friable; common very fine and fine roots throughout; moderately acid; clear

smooth boundary.

Bw1—11 to 28 inches; brown (10YR 4/3) silt loam; weak medium and coarse

subangular blocky structure; very friable; few very fine and fine roots throughout;

few faint organic coatings in root channels and pores; moderately acid; clear

smooth boundary.

Bw2—28 to 34 inches; brown (10YR 4/3) silt loam; weak fine and medium subangular

blocky structure; very friable; few very fine and fine roots throughout; moderately

acid; clear wavy boundary.

Bw3—34 to 51 inches; brown (7.5YR 4/4) silt loam; weak medium and coarse

subangular blocky structure; friable; few very fine and fine roots throughout; very

strongly acid; many faint organic coatings in root channels and pores; very

strongly acid; clear wavy boundary.

C—51 to 65 inches; brown (7.5YR 4/4) loam; massive; friable; very strongly acid.

Range in Characteristics

Thickness of the solum: 30 to 60 inches

Depth to bedrock: More than 60 inches

Reaction: In unlimed areas, extremely acid to strongly acid (pH 3.6 to 5.5)

Ap or A horizon:

Hue—10YR

Value—dominantly 4 or 5; ranges from 3 to 6, when dry, in some Ap horizons

Chroma—3 or 4

Texture of the fine-earth fraction—silt loam or fine sandy loam

Content of rock fragments—0 to 15 percent

Bw horizon:

Hue—10YR or 7.5YR

Value—4 to 6

Chroma—3 to 6

Texture of the fine-earth fraction—silt loam, loam, sandy loam, fine sandy loam,

or very fine sandy loam

Content of rock fragments—0 to 30 percent

Other features—high-chroma iron concentrations in shades of red and lowchroma iron depletions in shades of gray below a depth of 40 inches in some

pedons

C or 2C horizon (if it occurs):

Hue—10YR or 7.5YR

Value—4 to 6

Chroma—4 to 6

Texture of the fine-earth fraction—loam, sandy loam, fine sandy loam, loamy

sand, sand, or stratified subhorizons of any of these textures

Content of rock fragments—0 to 75 percent

Other features—high-chroma iron concentrations in shades of red and lowchroma iron depletions in shades of gray in some pedons

Rough Series

Depth class: Very shallow

Drainage class: Somewhat excessively drained

Permeability: Rapid

Landscape position: Very steep backslopes, mainly escarpments along the major

streams in the survey area

Flooding: None
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

315

Parent material: Residuum derived from shale

Slope range: 55 to 100 percent

Classification: Loamy, mixed, active, acid, mesic Lithic Udorthents

Representative Pedon

Rough very channery silt loam, on a very steep, sparsely wooded escarpment above

the Cacapon River in Morgan County, West Virginia; south of State Route 9/12 and

about 7,800 feet, by road, south of its intersection with State Route 9; USGS Great

Cacapon topographic quadrangle; lat. 39 degrees 36 minutes 14 seconds N. and

long. 78 degrees 17 minutes 01 second W.

A—0 to 2 inches; very dark gray (10YR 3/1) very channery silt loam; weak very fine

granular structure; very friable; many very fine, fine, medium, and coarse roots;

many fine and medium interstitial pores; 55 percent angular shale channers; very

strongly acid; abrupt wavy boundary.

C—2 to 6 inches; dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) extremely channery silt loam;

massive; very friable; many fine, medium, and coarse roots; many fine and

medium interstitial pores; 75 percent angular shale channers; very strongly acid;

clear irregular boundary.

R—6 inches; tilted, highly fractured, olive brown shale bedrock.

Range in Characteristics

Thickness of the solum: 0 to 8 inches

Depth to bedrock: Less than 10 inches

Reaction: Extremely acid to very strongly acid throughout (pH 3.5 to 5.0)

A horizon:

Hue—10YR or 7.5YR

Value—2 to 4

Chroma—1 to 4

Texture of the fine-earth fraction—silt loam

Content of rock fragments—35 to 60 percent

Bw horizon (if it occurs):

Hue—2.5Y to 2.5YR

Value—4 to 6

Chroma—4 to 8

Texture of the fine-earth fraction—silt loam

Content of rock fragments—35 to 75 percent

C horizon:

Hue—2.5Y to 2.5YR

Value—4 to 6

Chroma—4 to 8

Texture of the fine-earth fraction—silt loam or loam

Content of rock fragments—60 to 90 percent

Rushtown Series

Depth class: Very deep (fig. 22)

Drainage class: Excessively drained

Permeability: Rapid

Landscape position: Strongly sloping to very steep, concave lower backslopes and

footslopes

Flooding: None

Parent material: Colluvium derived from shale (fig. 23)
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

316

Slope range: 8 to 65 percent

Classification: Loamy-skeletal over fragmental, mixed, active, mesic Typic

Dystrudepts

Representative Pedon

Rushtown channery silt loam, in a wooded area near Cherry Run in Morgan County,

West Virginia; about 3,800 feet southwest of the intersection of State Routes 5

and 5/1, on a bearing of 234 degrees; USGS Big Pool topographic quadrangle;

lat. 39 degrees 37 minutes 06 seconds N. and long. 78 degrees 02 minutes

06 seconds W.

Figure 22.—A profile of the very deep Rushtown soils. These soils

formed in deposits of thin shale fragments, known locally as

“groundhog shale.” Depth is marked in inches.
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

317

Oi—0 to 0.5 inch; slightly decomposed organic matter from hardwood leaf litter; fibric

material.

A1—0.5 inch to 1.5 inches; very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) channery silt loam;

weak very fine granular structure; loose; many fine roots; 20 percent fine angular

shale channers; moderately acid; clear wavy boundary.

A2—1.5 to 6 inches; dark yellowish brown (10YR 3/4) channery silt loam; moderate

fine granular structure; very friable; many fine roots; 30 percent fine angular shale

channers; strongly acid; clear wavy boundary.

Bw—6 to 22 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) very channery silt loam; very weak

coarse subangular blocky structure; friable; few fine roots; 40 percent fine angular

shale channers; strongly acid; gradual wavy boundary.

C—22 to 65 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) extremely channery silt loam; single

grain; very friable or loose; very few roots; 75 percent fine angular shale

fragments; many medium interstitial pores bounded by shale fragments coated

with silt loam; strongly acid.

Figure 23.—The substratum of the Rushtown soils consists of 60 to

90 percent thin shale fragments. Depth is marked in inches.
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

318

Range in Characteristics

Thickness of the solum: 15 to 35 inches

Depth to bedrock: More than 5 feet

Reaction: In unlimed areas, moderately acid to very strongly acid throughout

A horizon:

Hue—10YR or 2.5Y

Value—2 to 4

Chroma—2 to 4

Texture of the fine-earth fraction—silt loam

Content of rock fragments—15 to 35 percent

Bw horizon:

Hue—10YR or 7.5YR

Value—4 or 5

Chroma—4 to 6

Texture of the fine-earth fraction—silt loam

Content of rock fragments—20 to 60 percent

C horizon:

Hue—10YR or 7.5YR

Value—4 or 5

Chroma—3 to 6

Texture of the fine-earth fraction—silt loam

Content of rock fragments—60 to 90 percent

Schaffenaker Series

Depth class: Moderately deep (fig. 24)

Drainage class: Somewhat excessively drained

Permeability: Rapid

Landscape position: Gently sloping to very steep, convex upland ridgetops and

backslopes

Flooding: None

Parent material: Residuum derived from Oriskany Sandstone

Slope range: 3 to 65 percent

Classification: Mesic, coated Typic Quartzipsamments

Representative Pedon

Schaffenaker loamy sand, in a wooded area on Warm Springs Ridge, in Morgan

County, West Virginia; 1,500 feet northwest of the intersection of State Routes 522

and 522/3, on a bearing of 314 degrees; USGS Great Cacapon topographic

quadrangle; lat. 39 degrees 33 minutes 24 seconds N. and long. 78 degrees

15 minutes 44 seconds W.

Oi—0 to 0.5 inch; slightly decomposed organic matter from hardwood leaf litter; fibric

material.

Oe—0.5 to 1 inch; moderately decomposed organic matter from hardwood leaf litter;

hemic material.

A—1 to 2 inches; very dark brown (10YR 2/2) loamy sand; 40 percent white (10YR

8/1) uncoated sand grains; weak fine granular structure; very friable; many very

fine, fine, and medium roots; 10 percent subrounded sandstone pebbles; very

strongly acid; abrupt wavy boundary.

E—2 to 4 inches; brown (10YR 4/3) loamy sand; weak very fine granular structure;
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

319

very friable; many very fine, fine, and medium roots; 10 percent subrounded

sandstone pebbles; very strongly acid; abrupt wavy boundary.

Bw—4 to 18 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) gravelly loamy sand; weak fine

and medium granular structure; very friable; common very fine, fine, medium,

and coarse roots; 15 percent subrounded sandstone pebbles; 10 percent

weakly cemented pebble-sized aggregates; very strongly acid; clear wavy

boundary.

C—18 to 24 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) gravelly loamy sand; single grain;

loose; common very fine, fine, medium, and coarse roots; 20 percent subrounded

Figure 24.—A profile of the moderately deep Schaffenaker soils.

These soils formed in residuum derived from Oriskany

Sandstone, which is of Devonian age and is at a depth of about

22 inches. Depth is marked in inches.
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

320

sandstone pebbles; 20 percent weakly cemented pebble-sized aggregates; very

strongly acid; abrupt irregular boundary.

R—24 inches; moderately weathered sandstone bedrock.

Range in Characteristics

Thickness of the solum: 15 to 30 inches

Depth to bedrock: 20 to 40 inches

Reaction: Extremely acid to strongly acid throughout

A horizon:

Hue—10YR

Value—2 to 4

Chroma—1 or 2

Texture of the fine-earth fraction—loamy sand

Content of rock fragments—5 to 15 percent

E horizon:

Hue—10YR

Value—4 to 6

Chroma—3 or 4

Texture of the fine-earth fraction—loamy sand, loamy fine sand, or sand

Content of rock fragments—0 to 30 percent

Bw horizon:

Hue—10YR or 7.5YR

Value—4 to 6

Chroma—3 to 8

Texture of the fine-earth fraction—loamy sand, loamy fine sand, or sand

Content of rock fragments—0 to 30 percent

C horizon:

Hue—10YR or 7.5YR

Value—4 or 5

Chroma—3 to 8

Texture of the fine-earth fraction—loamy sand, loamy fine sand, or sand

Content of rock fragments—0 to 50 percent

Sideling Series

Depth class: Very deep

Drainage class: Moderately well drained (fig. 25)

Permeability: Moderately slow in the upper part of the solum and slow in the lower

part of the solum and in the substratum

Landscape position: Gently sloping to steep, linear to convex benches, lower

mountain backslopes, and footslopes

Flooding: None

Parent material: Sandstone colluvium over shale residuum

Slope range: 3 to 35 percent

Classification: Fine-loamy, siliceous, semiactive, mesic Oxyaquic Hapludults

Representative Pedon

Sideling gravelly loam, in a convex, wooded area on the western aspect of Cacapon

Mountain, in Morgan County, West Virginia; about 1,640 feet east of County Route 7

and 2.3 miles, by road, south of the Rock Ford low water bridge on the Cacapon

River; USGS Great Cacapon topographic quadrangle; lat. 39 degrees 33 minutes

16 seconds N. and long. 78 degrees 19 minutes 12 seconds W.
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

321

Figure 25.—A profile of the moderately well drained Sideling soils.

The mottled colors below a depth of about 32 inches are the

result of seasonal saturation. Depth is marked in inches.

Oi—0 to 1 inch; slightly decomposed organic matter from hardwood leaf litter; fibric

material.

Oe—1 to 3 inches; very dark gray (10YR 3/1) crushed, moderately decomposed

organic matter from hardwood leaf litter; hemic material.

A—3 to 5 inches; gravelly loam, very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) crushed;

moderate fine and medium granular structure; very friable; many very fine, fine,

medium, and coarse roots throughout; 25 percent subrounded sandstone

pebbles; very strongly acid; clear wavy boundary.

E—5 to 7 inches; gravelly loam, dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) crushed; weak

medium and coarse granular structure; very friable; many very fine, fine, medium,
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

322

and coarse roots throughout; 30 percent subrounded sandstone pebbles; very

strongly acid; clear wavy boundary.

BE—7 to 10 inches; gravelly loam, yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) exterior; weak fine and

medium subangular blocky structure; friable; common very fine, fine, and medium

roots throughout; 15 percent subrounded sandstone pebbles; very strongly acid;

clear wavy boundary.

Bt1—10 to 23 inches; gravelly loam, yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) exterior; moderate

medium subangular blocky structure; friable; common very fine, fine, and medium

roots throughout; few faint clay films on faces of peds and on rock fragments;

20 percent subrounded sandstone pebbles; very strongly acid; clear wavy

boundary.

Bt2—23 to 31 inches; gravelly loam, yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) exterior; moderate

medium and coarse subangular blocky structure; friable; few very fine and fine

roots throughout; few distinct clay films on faces of peds and on rock fragments;

30 percent subrounded sandstone pebbles; very strongly acid; clear wavy

boundary.

Bt3—31 to 35 inches; gravelly clay loam, yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) exterior; few fine

and medium reddish brown (5YR 5/4 when moist) mottles; weak coarse

subangular blocky structure; friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; few very

fine and fine roots throughout; common distinct clay films on faces of peds and on

rock fragments; 30 percent subrounded sandstone pebbles; very strongly acid;

clear wavy boundary.

2Bt4—35 to 50 inches; channery clay, strong brown (7.5YR 5/8) exterior; weak

coarse platy structure parting to weak coarse subangular blocky; firm, moderately

sticky and moderately plastic; few very fine and fine roots throughout; common

distinct clay films on faces of peds and on rock fragments; common fine and

medium light gray (10YR 7/2) iron depletions; many coarse reddish brown (5YR

5/4) masses of iron accumulation; 30 percent channers; very strongly acid;

gradual wavy boundary.

2BC—50 to 62 inches; very flaggy clay loam, strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) exterior; weak

coarse platy structure parting to weak coarse subangular blocky; firm, slightly

sticky and slightly plastic; few very fine and fine roots between peds; few distinct

clay films on faces of peds and on rock fragments; common fine and medium light

gray (10YR 7/2) iron depletions; common fine and medium yellowish red (5YR

5/6) masses of iron accumulation; 25 percent flags; 20 percent channers; very

strongly acid.

Range in Characteristics

Thickness of the solum: 40 to 80 inches

Depth to bedrock: More than 60 inches

Reaction: Strongly acid to extremely acid throughout

Content of rock fragments: 15 to 45 percent throughout

A horizon:

Hue—10YR

Value—2 to 4

Chroma—1 to 4

Texture—loam

E horizon:

Hue—10YR

Value—4 to 6

Chroma—4 to 8

Texture—loam or silt loam
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

323

Bt horizon:

Hue—7.5YR or 10YR

Value—4 to 6

Chroma—4 to 8

Texture—loam, silt loam, clay loam, or silty clay loam

2Bt horizon:

Hue—5YR to 7.5YR

Value—4 to 6

Chroma—4 to 8

Texture—clay loam, silty clay loam, or clay

2BC horizon:

Hue—5YR to 10YR

Value—4 to 6

Chroma—4 to 8

Texture—loam, silt loam, silty clay loam, or clay loam

Tioga Series

Depth class: Very deep

Drainage class: Well drained

Permeability: Moderate in the solum and moderate to rapid in the substratum

Landscape position: Nearly level flood plains

Flooding: Occasionally flooded (a 5 to 50 percent chance in any year) for brief

periods

Parent material: Alluvium washed from upland soils that were derived from

sandstone, siltstone, shale, and limestone

Slope range: 0 to 3 percent

Classification: Coarse-loamy, mixed, active, mesic Dystric Fluventic

Eutrudepts

Representative Pedon

Tioga fine sandy loam, in a garden about 10 yards south of an access road in Hardy

County, West Virginia; about 400 yards east of the intersection of State Route 7 and

Kade Run and about 200 yards west of the South Fork of the South Branch of the

Potomac River; USGS Petersburg East topographic quadrangle; lat. 38 degrees

55 minutes 32 seconds N. and long. 79 degrees 00 minutes 34 seconds W.

Ap—0 to 8 inches; dark yellowish brown (10YR 3/4) fine sandy loam; weak fine and

medium granular structure; very friable; common roots; 1 percent rock fragments;

moderately acid; clear wavy boundary.

BA—8 to 13 inches; brown (10YR 4/3) sandy loam; weak medium subangular blocky

structure; friable; few roots; 1 percent rock fragments; moderately acid; clear wavy

boundary.

Bw1—13 to 22 inches; dark brown (10YR 3/3) loam; weak medium subangular blocky

structure; friable; few roots; 1 percent rock fragments; neutral; gradual wavy

boundary.

Bw2—22 to 36 inches; dark brown (10YR 3/3) sandy loam; weak medium subangular

blocky structure; friable; few roots; 1 percent rock fragments; neutral; abrupt wavy

boundary.

C1—36 to 41 inches; dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) very gravelly sandy loam;

single grain; very friable; 50 percent rock fragments; neutral; abrupt wavy

boundary.
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

324

C2—41 to 45 inches; dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) sandy loam; massive, very

friable; 1 percent rock fragments; neutral; abrupt wavy boundary.

C3—45 to 60 inches; dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) extremely gravelly loamy sand;

single grain; loose; 70 percent rock fragments; neutral.

Range in Characteristics

Thickness of the solum: 18 to 40 inches

Depth to bedrock: More than 60 inches

Reaction: Strongly acid to neutral (pH 5.1 to 7.3) in the solum and moderately acid to

neutral (pH 5.6 to 7.3) in the substratum

A horizon:

Hue—10YR

Value—3 to 5

Chroma—2 to 4

Texture of the fine-earth fraction—fine sandy loam

Content of rock fragments—0 to 15 percent

B horizon:

Hue—10YR or 7.5YR

Value—3 to 5

Chroma—2 to 4

Texture of the fine-earth fraction—dominantly fine sandy loam, sandy loam, or

loam; some thin subhorizons of loamy sand

Content of rock fragments—0 to 35 percent

C horizon:

Hue—10YR or 7.5YR

Value—4 or 5

Chroma—2 to 4

Texture of the fine-earth fraction—loamy sand, sandy loam, or loam

Content of rock fragments—0 to 70 percent

Tygart Series

Depth class: Very deep

Drainage class: Somewhat poorly drained

Permeability: Slow

Landscape position: Nearly level, low river terraces along Sleepy Creek, the Cacapon

River, and the Potomac River

Flooding: None

Parent material: Slackwater alluvium washed from soils derived mainly from acid

shale

Slope range: 0 to 3 percent

Classification: Fine, mixed, semiactive, mesic Aeric Endoaquults

Representative Pedon

Tygart silt loam, in a meadow in Hampshire County, West Virginia; 800 feet northnortheast of the mouth of Buffalo Creek and 150 feet east of State Route 28.

Ap—0 to 6 inches; brown (10YR 4/3) silt loam; weak fine granular structure; friable;

many roots; moderately acid; clear smooth boundary.

BA—6 to 9 inches; brown (10YR 5/3) silt loam; moderate fine and medium

subangular blocky structure; friable; many roots; moderately acid; clear wavy

boundary.
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

325

Bt—9 to 17 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) silty clay loam; common medium

distinct gray (10YR 6/1) iron depletions; common medium distinct strong brown

(7.5YR 5/8) iron concentrations; strong medium and coarse subangular blocky

structure; firm; few roots; discontinuous clay films on faces of peds; very strongly

acid; clear wavy boundary.

Btg—17 to 32 inches; light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) silty clay; many medium

prominent yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) and reddish brown (5YR 3/4) iron

concentrations; weak medium and coarse prismatic structure parting to

moderate coarse subangular blocky; firm; few roots between prisms;

common continuous clay films on faces of peds; very strongly acid; clear wavy

boundary.

BCg—32 to 46 inches; light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) silty clay loam; many fine

prominent yellowish brown (10YR 5/8) and reddish brown (5YR 4/3) iron

concentrations; weak medium and coarse prismatic structure parting to weak

coarse subangular blocky; very firm; many black and dark red iron and

manganese concretions; 2 percent pebbles; very strongly acid; gradual wavy

boundary.

Cg—46 to 60 inches; gray (10YR 6/1) silty clay loam; many coarse prominent strong

brown (7.5YR 5/6) and reddish brown (5YR 4/3) iron concentrations; massive;

very firm; 2 percent pebbles; very strongly acid.

Range in Characteristics

Thickness of the solum: 40 to 50 inches

Depth to bedrock: More than 60 inches

Reaction: In unlimed areas, strongly acid or very strongly acid throughout

Ap horizon:

Hue—10YR

Value—4 or 5

Chroma—2 or 3

Texture of the fine-earth fraction—silt loam

Content of rock fragments—0 to 3 percent

BA horizon:

Hue—10YR or 2.5Y

Value—5 or 6

Chroma—3 to 8

Texture of the fine-earth fraction—silt loam, silty clay loam, or clay loam

Content of rock fragments—0 to 3 percent

Other features—high-chroma iron concentrations in shades of red or brown and

low-chroma iron depletions in shades of gray in some pedons

Bt horizon:

Hue—10YR or 2.5Y

Value—5 or 6

Chroma—3 to 8

Texture of the fine-earth fraction—silty clay loam, clay loam, silty clay, or clay

Content of rock fragments—0 to 3 percent

Other features—high-chroma iron concentrations in shades of red or brown and

low-chroma iron depletions in shades of gray

Btg and BCg horizons:

Hue—10YR or 2.5Y or is neutral

Value—5 or 6

Chroma—0 to 2

Texture of the fine-earth fraction—silty clay loam, clay loam, silty clay, or clay
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

326

Content of rock fragments—0 to 3 percent

Other features—high-chroma iron concentrations in shades of red or

brown

Cg horizon:

Hue—10YR or 2.5Y or is neutral

Value—4 to 6

Chroma—0 to 2

Texture of the fine-earth fraction—silty clay loam, silty clay, or clay

Content of rock fragments—0 to 3 percent

Other features—high-chroma iron concentrations in shades of red or

brown

Udorthents

Depth class: Varies

Drainage class: Varies

Permeability: Varies; often moderately slow or slow in areas that have been heavily

compacted by equipment

Landscape position: Nearly level to very steep areas that have been drastically

disturbed by excavating, grading, filling, or a combination of these practices.

Most of these areas are the result of road construction or the construction of

commercial or industrial buildings, schools, or recreational facilities, such as

ball fields.

Parent material: Excavated materials

Slope range: 0 percent to nearly vertical in excavated areas

Classification: Udorthents

Representative Pedon

Because the characteristics of these soils vary so much, a representative pedon

is not given. The texture of the surface layer ranges from sandy loam to clay, with a

wide range in size, amount, and kind of rock fragments. Generally, the soils derived

from materials excavated from areas underlain by shale or sandstone are loamy in

texture.

Range in Characteristics

Thickness of the solum: Varies

Depth to bedrock: Varies from very shallow in excavated areas to very deep in filled

areas

Reaction: Varies

Content of rock fragments: Varies

Vanderlip Series

Depth class: Very deep

Drainage class: Somewhat excessively drained

Permeability: Rapid

Landscape position: Moderately steep to very steep, linear or slightly concave

eastern backslopes of Warm Springs Ridge

Flooding: None

Parent material: Residuum derived from Oriskany Sandstone

Slope range: 15 to 65 percent

Classification: Mesic, coated Lamellic Quartzipsamments
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

327

Representative Pedon

Vanderlip loamy sand, in a very steep, wooded area on the eastern aspect of Warm

Springs Ridge in Morgan County, West Virginia; about 350 feet west-southwest of

the West Virginia State Department of Highways garage, west of U.S. Route 522 and

south of Berkeley Springs; USGS Stotlers Crossroads topographic quadrangle;

lat. 39 degrees 36 minutes 12 seconds N. and long. 78 degrees 14 minutes

40 seconds W.

Oi—0 to 2 inches; slightly decomposed organic matter from hardwood leaf litter; fibric

material.

A—2 to 6 inches; dark brown (10YR 3/3) loamy sand; weak fine granular structure;

very friable; many very fine, fine, and medium roots; 10 percent subrounded

sandstone pebbles; strongly acid; clear irregular boundary.

E—6 to 13 inches; dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/6) gravelly loamy sand; single grain;

loose; many very fine, fine, and medium roots; 20 percent subrounded sandstone

pebbles; strongly acid; clear wavy boundary.

Bw1—13 to 26 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) very cobbly loamy sand;

single grain; loose; common very fine, fine, medium, and coarse roots;

20 percent subrounded sandstone cobbles, 15 percent subrounded sandstone

stones, and 5 percent subrounded sandstone pebbles; strongly acid; clear wavy

boundary.

Bw2—26 to 38 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) sand; single grain; loose; common

very fine, fine, medium, and coarse roots; few distinct patchy dark brown (10YR

3/3) organic coats in root channels and in pores; 5 percent subrounded

sandstone pebbles; moderately acid; clear wavy boundary.

E and Bt1—38 to 50 inches; brownish yellow (10YR 6/6) sand; few thin irregular

strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) loamy sand lamellae, 1

/8 to 1⁄2 inch thick; firm in place

and slightly brittle; weakly cemented by iron oxides with common clay bridging

between sand grains; single grain; loose; few very fine, fine, and medium roots;

few distinct patchy dark brown (10YR 3/3) organic coats in root channels and

pores; 10 percent subrounded sandstone pebbles; moderately acid; clear

irregular boundary.

E and Bt2—50 to 65 inches; very pale brown (10YR 7/4) very bouldery sand;

common irregular strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) loamy sand lamellae, 1/8 inch to

21⁄2 inches thick; firm in place and slightly brittle; weakly cemented by iron

oxides with common clay bridging between sand grains; single grain; loose; few

very fine and fine roots; 40 percent subrounded sandstone boulders; moderately

acid.

Range in Characteristics

Thickness of the solum: 40 to 72 inches

Depth to bedrock: More than 8 feet

Reaction: Very strongly acid to moderately acid throughout

A horizon:

Hue—10YR or 7.5YR

Value—2 to 5

Chroma—1 to 3

Texture of the fine-earth fraction—loamy sand

Content of rock fragments—0 to 10 percent

E horizon:

Hue—10YR or 7.5YR

Value—4 to 6

Chroma—2 to 6
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

328

Texture of the fine-earth fraction—loamy sand or sand

Content of rock fragments—0 to 20 percent

Bw horizon:

Hue—10YR or 7.5YR

Value—5 or 6

Chroma—4 to 6

Texture of the fine-earth fraction—loamy sand or sand

Content of rock fragments—0 to 40 percent

E part of E and Bt horizon:

Hue—10YR or 7.5YR

Value—5 to 7

Chroma—4 to 6

Texture of the fine-earth fraction—loamy sand

Content of rock fragments—0 to 40 percent

Bt part (lamellae) of the E and Bt horizon:

Hue—10YR or 7.5YR

Value—5 or 6

Chroma—4 to 6

Texture of the fine-earth fraction—loamy sand

Content of rock fragments—0 to 40 percent

C horizon (if it occurs):

Hue—dominantly 5YR to 2.5Y; often banded or streaked in colors inherited from

the parent rock

Value—5 to 7

Chroma—4 to 6

Texture of the fine-earth fraction—sand or loamy sand

Content of rock fragments—0 to 70 percent

Weikert Series

Depth class: Shallow

Drainage class: Somewhat excessively drained

Permeability: Moderately rapid

Landscape position: Gently sloping to very steep, convex and dissected uplands

Flooding: None

Parent material: Residuum derived from shale, siltstone, and fine grained sandstone

Slope range: 3 to 70 percent

Classification: Loamy-skeletal, mixed, active, mesic Lithic Dystrudepts

Representative Pedon

Weikert very channery silt loam, in a grazed woodlot in the Greensburg area of

Berkeley County, West Virginia; about 1,400 feet north of the intersection of County

Routes 45/4 and 5/9, on a bearing of 354 degrees; USGS Martinsburg topographic

quadrangle; lat. 39 degrees 28 minutes 13 seconds N. and long. 77 degrees

53 minutes 52 seconds W.

Oi—0 to 1 inch; slightly decomposed organic matter derived from oaks and pines;

fibric material.

A—1 to 3 inches; very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) very channery silt loam;

moderate fine granular structure; very friable; many fine, medium, and coarse and

common very fine roots throughout; 40 percent shale channers; very strongly

acid; clear smooth boundary.
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

329

Bw—3 to 14 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) very channery silt loam; weak fine

and medium subangular blocky structure; friable; many fine, medium, and coarse

and common very fine roots throughout; common distinct silt coatings on faces of

peds, in pores, and on shale fragments; 60 percent shale channers; extremely

acid; clear wavy boundary.

R—14 inches; tilted and fractured, gray shale bedrock.

Range in Characteristics

Thickness of the solum: 8 to 20 inches

Depth to bedrock: 10 to 20 inches

Reaction: In unlimed areas, extremely acid to strongly acid (pH 3.5 to 5.5)

Content of rock fragments: 15 to 50 percent in the A horizon, 35 to 60 percent in the

B horizon, and 60 to 85 percent in the C horizon

A horizon:

Hue—10YR or 7.5YR

Value—3 to 5

Chroma—2 to 4

Texture—channery silt loam or very channery silt loam

E horizon (if it occurs):

Hue—10YR or 7.5YR

Value—5 or 6

Chroma—4

Texture—channery or very channery analogs of silt loam or loam

Bw horizon:

Hue—10YR or 7.5YR

Value—4 to 6

Chroma—4 to 6

Texture—very channery silt loam or very channery loam

C horizon (if it occurs):

Hue—7.5YR to 2.5Y

Value—4 to 6

Chroma—4 to 6

Texture—extremely channery silt loam or extremely channery loam

331

Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

This section explains the origin and development of the soils in Morgan County. It

describes the influence of the five factors of soil formation on the soils in the county. It

also describes the morphology of the soils as it applies to horizon nomenclature and

the geological characteristics of the county.

Factors of Soil Formation

The soils in Morgan County have resulted from the interaction of five major factors of

soil formation—parent material, time, climate, living organisms, and topography (Jenny

1941). Each factor modifies the effect of the other factors. Parent material, topography,

and time have produced the major differences among the soils in Morgan County. Climate

and living organisms generally show their influence throughout broad areas.

Parent Material, Time, and Climate

The character of the parent material strongly influences the time required for soil

formation and the nature of the soils produced. The soils in Morgan County formed in

residuum, colluvium, or alluvium.

Most of the soils formed in residuum derived from limestone, shale, sandstone, or

siltstone. Residuum is the oldest parent material in the county. Some of the soils that

formed in residuum, such as those in the Caneyville series, show a high degree of

development. Other soils are not so well developed because the soil-forming

processes have been hindered by slope or by rock that is resistant to weathering.

Dekalb soils, for example, formed in material weathered from hard sandstone and

show a very limited degree of development.

The colluvium on footslopes and toeslopes and near the head of drainageways has

moved downslope from soils formed in residuum. This material is younger than the

residuum, but the soil-forming processes have had a considerable amount of time to

act on the parent material. The resulting soils, such as those in the Buchanan series,

are strongly leached and moderately well developed.

The alluvial parent material on terraces and flood plains has washed from upland

soils that formed in residuum or colluvium. The soils on the terraces, such as those in

the Monongahela series, are much older than the soils on the flood plains. They also

are strongly leached and have a moderately well developed soil profile. The soils on

the flood plains, such as those in the Pope series, are the youngest soils in the

county. They exhibit a weakly developed profile.

Climate generally is relatively uniform throughout the county and is not responsible

for any major differences among the soils. Rainfall and temperature, however, have

had a general influence on the development of layers in the soil profile. The water

from rainfall dissolves minerals, supports biological activity, and transports mineral

and organic residue through the soil profile. Because more water enters the soil as

precipitation than is lost through evaporation, the humid climate in the county has

caused the soils to be leached. The temperature determines the type of physical,

chemical, and biological activities that take place and the speed at which they act. A

Formation of the Soils
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

332

detailed description of the climate is given in the section “General Nature of the

County.”

Living Organisms

Living organisms, including plants, animals, bacteria, fungi, and humans, affect

soil formation. The kind and amount of vegetation generally are responsible for the

amount of organic matter in the soil, the color of the surface layer, and, in part, the

amount of nutrients in the soil. Earthworms and burrowing animals mix organic and

mineral material by moving the soil to the surface and help to keep the soil open and

porous. Bacteria and fungi decompose organic matter and can be instrumental in

releasing nutrients for plant uptake. Humans influence the characteristics of the

surface layer by clearing vegetation, plowing, or adding lime and fertilizer.

Topography

Topography affects soil formation through its effect on the amount of water moving

through the soil, the amount and rate of runoff, and the rate of erosion. Large

amounts of water have moved through gently sloping and strongly sloping soils. This

movement of water favors the formation of moderately developed or well developed

soils that are uniform in depth. On steep and very steep hillsides, less water moves

through the profile and the amount and rate of runoff are greater. Also, the soil

material may be washed away almost as rapidly as a soil forms. Thus, it is likely that

some of the steeper soils will be more shallow over bedrock and less developed than

the soils on the more gentle slopes.

The topography in the county favors the formation of soils on flood plains and

terraces. Soil formation is progressing at a rapid rate; however, soils on the flood

plains are young and weakly developed, mainly because too little time has elapsed

since the material was deposited.

Morphology of the Soils

Soils are formed as a result of the physical weathering of parent rock, the chemical

weathering of rock fragments and organic matter, the transfer of materials within the

soil profile, and the gains and losses of organic matter and minerals. The results of

these soil-forming processes are evident in the different layers, or horizons, in the

soil profile (fig. 26). The profile extends from the surface downward to material that is

little changed by the soil-forming processes. The layers include the O, A, E, B, and

C horizons.

The O horizon is a very dark organic layer. It may overlie either mineral or organic

soils. Soils that have an O horizon are almost exclusively in forested areas of the

county. The O horizon mainly is undecomposed or partially decomposed hardwood

leaf litter. It is quickly destroyed by such activities as land clearing and plowing.

The A horizon is a mineral surface layer that has been darkened by the

accumulation of organic matter. It becomes darker as the organic matter

accumulates.

The E horizon underlies the A or O horizon and is a light-colored mineral layer. It is

the horizon of maximum leaching, or eluviation, of clay, iron, and aluminum. In areas

that have been farmed, the E horizon commonly is no longer evident because it has

been mixed with the A horizon when the soil was plowed.

The B horizon underlies the A, E, or O horizon and is commonly called the subsoil.

It is the horizon of maximum accumulation, or illuviation, of clay, iron, aluminum, and

other compounds leached from the E horizon. It generally has blocky structure and is

firmer and lighter in color than the overlying horizons.

The C horizon is commonly called the substratum. It consists of material that has

been modified by weathering but has been altered little by the soil-forming processes.

It generally is structureless and contains few, if any, roots.
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

333

In Morgan County many processes have been involved in the formation of soil

horizons. The more important of these are the accumulation of organic matter, the

reduction and transfer of iron, the formation and translocation of clay minerals, and

the formation of soil structure. These processes are continuous and have been taking

place for thousands of years.

Most of the well drained soils on uplands in the county have a yellowish brown to

reddish brown B horizon. These colors are caused mainly by the presence of iron

oxides. The B horizon in these soils has blocky structure.

A fragipan has formed in the B horizon of many of the soils on footslopes and

terraces. This layer is dense and brittle, mottled in color, and moderately slowly

permeable or slowly permeable to water and air.

Some of the soils in the county have gray colors that are the result of gleying, or

the reduction of iron, during soil formation. These soils are moderately well drained,

somewhat poorly drained, poorly drained, or very poorly drained.

Geology

Craig E. Savela, staff geologist, Natural Resources Conservation Service, helped to prepare this

section.

The landforms of Morgan County clearly show the effects of uplift, folding, and

geologic erosion. The relative resistance of various rocks to erosion and folding has

Figure 26.—This diagram shows four of the different horizons that may be

included in a soil profile.
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

334

affected the topography of the county (fig. 27). Ridgetops formed in areas of resistant

sandstone, and valleys formed mainly in areas of softer, erosive shale and limestone.

The parallel ridges and valleys are oriented in a northeast-southwest direction.

Outcrops of rocks also follow this orientation.

The county lies entirely within the Northern Appalachian Ridges and Valleys

resource area. The bedrock is steeply folded and highly faulted. A system of generally

parallel streams drains the county northward to the Potomac River. The exposed

rocks in the county are all sedimentary in origin and belong to the Mississippian,

Devonian, and Silurian Systems (Grimsley 1916).

Sandstone, shale, siltstone, and limestone are the common types of rock. Most of

the soils in the county formed in material weathered from these rocks.

Figure 27.—An anticline along the Cacapon River near the town of Great Cacapon.

Known locally as “Fluted Rocks,” it is an example of the steep folding of bedrock

geology in Morgan County.
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

335

The youngest rocks in the county are Pocono Group Sandstones, which are

members of the Mississippian System. They are exposed along the crests of Sleepy

Creek, Sideling Hill, and Purslane Mountains.

The oldest rocks in the county are Tuscarora Sandstones, which are of Silurian

age. The Tuscarora Sandstones have been folded into a well defined anticline that

forms Cacapon Mountain. Dekalb and Hazleton soils dominate the landscape in

areas where these sandstones are exposed. Rock outcrops and cliffs are common,

and the soil surface is often nearly covered by loose stones and boulders.

Rocks of the Devonian System are extensive in the Sleepy Creek drainage area

and are also exposed in wide bands east and west of Sideling Hill. They include the

shales, siltstones, and fine grained sandstones of the Hampshire Formation,

Chemung Group, and Braillier and Mahantango Formations. The major soils that

formed in material weathered from these rocks are those in the Calvin, Klinesville,

Berks, and Weikert series.

Oriskany Sandstone, which is in the lower part of the Devonian System, outcrops

on the crests and eastern flanks of Warm Springs Ridge, Tonoloway Ridge, and Little

Mountain. On Warm Springs Ridge, north of Berkeley Springs, Oriskany Sandstone

weathers to nearly pure sand and is extensively quarried for glass sand. It weathers

to form Schaffenaker and Vanderlip soils on Warm Springs Ridge; however, Dekalb

and Hazleton soils dominate the landscape on the crests of Tonoloway Ridge and

Little Mountain.

Helderberg Limestone, which is part of the Devonian System, and the underlying

Tonoloway Limestone, which is of Silurian age, outcrop on the western flank of Warm

Springs Ridge and on the eastern flank of Tonoloway Ridge and Little Mountain.

Where they are exposed, they weather to form Caneyville soils; however, in most

areas these rocks are covered by colluvium from the acid sandstones that outcrop

above them. This colluvium weathers to form Murrill and Blackthorn soils.

The Wills Creek and McKenzie Formations, which are of Silurian age, are exposed

in the Sir Johns Run watershed and, to a lesser extent, along the western footslope of

Cacapon Mountain. They consist of interbedded limestone, limy shales, acid shale,

and sandstone. The soils formed in materials weathered from these rocks are

members of the Litz series.

337

Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO). 1998.

Standard specifications for transportation materials and methods of sampling and

testing. 19th edition, 2 volumes.

American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM). 1998. Standard classification of

soils for engineering purposes. ASTM Standard D 2487.

Austin, Morris E. 1965. Land resource regions and major land resource areas of the

United States. U.S. Department of Agriculture Handbook 296. (Revised 1981)

Cowardin, L.M., V. Carter, F.C. Golet, and E.T. LaRoe. 1979. Classification of wetlands

and deep-water habitats of the United States. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service FWS/

OBS-79/31.

Federal Register. July 13, 1994. Changes in hydric soils of the United States.

Federal Register. February 24, 1995. Hydric soils of the United States.

Grimsley, G.P. 1916. West Virginia geological survey: Jefferson, Berkeley, and Morgan

Counties.

Hurt, G.W., P.M. Whited, and R.F. Pringle, editors. Version 4.0, 1998. Field indicators

of hydric soils in the United States.

Jenny, Hans. 1941. Factors of soil formation.

National Research Council. 1995. Wetlands: Characteristics and boundaries.

North, E. Lee. 1998. The 55 West Virginias: A guide to the state’s counties.

Soil Survey Division Staff. 1993. Soil survey manual. Soil Conservation Service. U.S.

Department of Agriculture Handbook 18.

Soil Survey Staff. 1998. Keys to soil taxonomy. 8th edition. U.S. Department of

Agriculture, Natural Resources Conservation Service.

Soil Survey Staff. 1999. Soil taxonomy: A basic system of soil classification for making

and interpreting soil surveys. 2nd edition. Natural Resources Conservation Service.

U.S. Department of Agriculture Handbook 436.

Tiner, R.W., Jr. 1985. Wetlands of Delaware. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and

Delaware Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Control, Wetlands

Section.

References
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

338

United States Army Corps of Engineers, Environmental Laboratory. 1987. Corps of

Engineers wetlands delineation manual. Waterways Experiment Station Technical

Report Y-87-1.

United States Department of Agriculture, National Agricultural Statistics Service.

1999. 1997 census of agriculture, West Virginia state and county data. Volume 1,

Part 48.

United States Department of Agriculture, Soil Conservation Service. 1978. Soil survey

of Hampshire, Mineral, and Morgan Counties, West Virginia.

United States Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census. n.d. State and

county quickfacts. <http://quickfacts.census.gov/qfd/state/54/54065.html> (March 26,

2003).

United States Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census. 1989. 1987 census

of agriculture, West Virginia state and county data. Volume 1, Part 48.

West Virginia Division of Natural Resources. n.d. Berkeley Springs State Park history.

<http://www.berkeleyspringsssp.com/history.html> (March 26, 2003).
339

Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

ABC soil. A soil having an A, a B, and a C horizon.

Ablation till. Loose, permeable till deposited during the final downwasting of glacial

ice. Lenses of crudely sorted sand and gravel are common.

AC soil. A soil having only an A and a C horizon. Commonly, such soil formed in

recent alluvium or on steep, rocky slopes.

Aeration, soil. The exchange of air in soil with air from the atmosphere. The air in a

well aerated soil is similar to that in the atmosphere; the air in a poorly aerated

soil is considerably higher in carbon dioxide and lower in oxygen.

Aggregate, soil. Many fine particles held in a single mass or cluster. Natural soil

aggregates, such as granules, blocks, or prisms, are called peds. Clods are

aggregates produced by tillage or logging.

Alkali (sodic) soil. A soil having so high a degree of alkalinity (pH 8.5 or higher) or

so high a percentage of exchangeable sodium (15 percent or more of the total

exchangeable bases), or both, that plant growth is restricted.

Alluvial cone. The material washed down the sides of mountains and hills by

ephemeral streams and deposited at the mouth of gorges in the form of a

moderately steep, conical mass descending equally in all directions from the

point of issue.

Alluvial fan. The fanlike deposit of a stream where it issues from a gorge upon a

plain or of a tributary stream near or at its junction with its main stream.

Alluvium. Material, such as sand, silt, or clay, deposited on land by streams.

Alpha,alpha-dipyridyl. A dye that when dissolved in 1N ammonium acetate is used

to detect the presence of reduced iron (Fe II) in the soil. A positive reaction

indicates a type of redoximorphic feature.

Animal unit month (AUM). The amount of forage required by one mature cow of

approximately 1,000 pounds weight, with or without a calf, for 1 month.

Aquic conditions. Current soil wetness characterized by saturation, reduction, and

redoximorphic features.

Argillic horizon. A subsoil horizon characterized by an accumulation of illuvial clay.

Arroyo. The flat-floored channel of an ephemeral stream, commonly with very steep

to vertical banks cut in alluvium.

Aspect. The direction in which a slope faces.

Association, soil. A group of soils or miscellaneous areas geographically associated

in a characteristic repeating pattern and defined and delineated as a single map

unit.

Available water capacity (available moisture capacity). The capacity of soils to

hold water available for use by most plants. It is commonly defined as the

difference between the amount of soil water at field moisture capacity and the

amount at wilting point. It is commonly expressed as inches of water per inch of

soil. The capacity, in inches, in a 60-inch profile or to a limiting layer is expressed

as:

Very low .............................................................. 0 to 3

Low ...................................................................... 3 to 6

Moderate ............................................................. 6 to 9

Glossary
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

340

High ................................................................... 9 to 12

Very high ................................................ more than 12

Backslope. The position that forms the steepest and generally linear, middle portion

of a hillslope. In profile, backslopes are commonly bounded by a convex shoulder

above and a concave footslope below.

Badland. Steep or very steep, commonly nonstony, barren land dissected by many

intermittent drainage channels. Badland is most common in semiarid and arid

regions where streams are entrenched in soft geologic material. Local relief

generally ranges from 25 to 500 feet. Runoff potential is very high, and geologic

erosion is active.

Bajada. A broad alluvial slope extending from the base of a mountain range out into a

basin and formed by coalescence of separate alluvial fans.

Basal area. The area of a cross section of a tree, generally referring to the section at

breast height and measured outside the bark. It is a measure of stand density,

commonly expressed in square feet.

Basal till. Compact glacial till deposited beneath the ice.

Base saturation. The degree to which material having cation-exchange properties is

saturated with exchangeable bases (sum of Ca, Mg, Na, and K), expressed as a

percentage of the total cation-exchange capacity.

Base slope. A geomorphic component of hills consisting of the concave to linear

(perpendicular to the contour) slope that, regardless of the lateral shape, forms

an apron or wedge at the bottom of a hillside dominated by colluvium and slopewash sediments (for example, slope alluvium).

Bedding planes. Fine strata, less than 5 millimeters thick, in unconsolidated alluvial,

eolian, lacustrine, or marine sediment.

Bedding system. A drainage system made by plowing, grading, or otherwise

shaping the surface of a flat field. It consists of a series of low ridges separated

by shallow, parallel dead furrows.

Bedrock. The solid rock that underlies the soil and other unconsolidated material or

that is exposed at the surface.

Bedrock-controlled topography. A landscape where the configuration and relief

of the landforms are determined or strongly influenced by the underlying

bedrock.

Bench terrace. A raised, level or nearly level strip of earth constructed on or nearly

on a contour, supported by a barrier of rocks or similar material, and designed to

make the soil suitable for tillage and to prevent accelerated erosion.

Bisequum. Two sequences of soil horizons, each of which consists of an illuvial

horizon and the overlying eluvial horizons.

Blowout. A shallow depression from which all or most of the soil material has been

removed by the wind. A blowout has a flat or irregular floor formed by a resistant

layer or by an accumulation of pebbles or cobbles. In some blowouts the water

table is exposed.

Bottom land. The normal flood plain of a stream, subject to flooding.

Boulders. Rock fragments larger than 2 feet (60 centimeters) in diameter.

Breaks. The steep and very steep broken land at the border of an upland summit that

is dissected by ravines.

Breast height. An average height of 4.5 feet above the ground surface; the point on a

tree where diameter measurements are ordinarily taken.

Brush management. Use of mechanical, chemical, or biological methods to make

conditions favorable for reseeding or to reduce or eliminate competition from

woody vegetation and thus allow understory grasses and forbs to recover. Brush

management increases forage production and thus reduces the hazard of

erosion. It can improve the habitat for some species of wildlife.
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Butte. An isolated small mountain or hill with steep or precipitous sides and a top

variously flat, rounded, or pointed that may be a residual mass isolated by

erosion or an exposed volcanic neck.

Cable yarding. A method of moving felled trees to a nearby central area for transport

to a processing facility. Most cable yarding systems involve use of a drum, a pole,

and wire cables in an arrangement similar to that of a rod and reel used for

fishing. To reduce friction and soil disturbance, felled trees generally are reeled in

while one end is lifted or the entire log is suspended.

Calcareous soil. A soil containing enough calcium carbonate (commonly combined

with magnesium carbonate) to effervesce visibly when treated with cold, dilute

hydrochloric acid.

Caliche. A more or less cemented deposit of calcium carbonate in soils of warmtemperate, subhumid to arid areas. Caliche occurs as soft, thin layers in the soil

or as hard, thick beds directly beneath the solum, or it is exposed at the surface

by erosion.

California bearing ratio (CBR). The load-supporting capacity of a soil as compared

to that of standard crushed limestone, expressed as a ratio. First standardized in

California. A soil having a CBR of 16 supports 16 percent of the load that would

be supported by standard crushed limestone, per unit area, with the same degree

of distortion.

Canopy. The leafy crown of trees or shrubs. (See Crown.)

Canyon. A long, deep, narrow, very steep sided valley with high, precipitous walls in

an area of high local relief.

Capillary water. Water held as a film around soil particles and in tiny spaces between

particles. Surface tension is the adhesive force that holds capillary water in the

soil.

Catena. A sequence, or “chain,” of soils on a landscape that formed in similar kinds of

parent material but have different characteristics as a result of differences in relief

and drainage.

Cation. An ion carrying a positive charge of electricity. The common soil cations are

calcium, potassium, magnesium, sodium, and hydrogen.

Cation-exchange capacity. The total amount of exchangeable cations that can be

held by the soil, expressed in terms of milliequivalents per 100 grams of soil at

neutrality (pH 7.0) or at some other stated pH value. The term, as applied to soils,

is synonymous with base-exchange capacity but is more precise in meaning.

Catsteps. Very small, irregular terraces on steep hillsides, especially in pasture,

formed by the trampling of cattle or the slippage of saturated soil.

Cement rock. Shaly limestone used in the manufacture of cement.

Channery soil material. Soil material that has, by volume, 15 to 35 percent thin, flat

fragments of sandstone, shale, slate, limestone, or schist as much as 6 inches

(15 centimeters) along the longest axis. A single piece is called a channer.

Chemical treatment. Control of unwanted vegetation through the use of chemicals.

Chiseling. Tillage with an implement having one or more soil-penetrating points that

shatter or loosen hard, compacted layers to a depth below normal plow depth.

Cirque. A semicircular, concave, bowllike area that has steep faces primarily resulting

from glacial ice and snow abrasion.

Clay. As a soil separate, the mineral soil particles less than 0.002 millimeter in

diameter. As a soil textural class, soil material that is 40 percent or more clay, less

than 45 percent sand, and less than 40 percent silt.

Clay depletions. Low-chroma zones having a low content of iron, manganese, and

clay because of the chemical reduction of iron and manganese and the removal

of iron, manganese, and clay. A type of redoximorphic depletion.

Clay film. A thin coating of oriented clay on the surface of a soil aggregate or lining

pores or root channels. Synonyms: clay coating, clay skin.
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Claypan. A slowly permeable soil horizon that contains much more clay than the

horizons above it. A claypan is commonly hard when dry and plastic or stiff when

wet.

Climax plant community. The stabilized plant community on a particular site. The

plant cover reproduces itself and does not change so long as the environment

remains the same.

Coarse textured soil. Sand or loamy sand.

Cobble (or cobblestone). A rounded or partly rounded fragment of rock 3 to

10 inches (7.6 to 25 centimeters) in diameter.

Cobbly soil material. Material that has 15 to 35 percent, by volume, rounded or

partially rounded rock fragments 3 to 10 inches (7.6 to 25 centimeters) in

diameter. Very cobbly soil material has 35 to 60 percent of these rock fragments,

and extremely cobbly soil material has more than 60 percent.

COLE (coefficient of linear extensibility). See Linear extensibility.

Colluvium. Soil material or rock fragments, or both, moved by creep, slide, or local

wash and deposited at the base of steep slopes.

Complex slope. Irregular or variable slope. Planning or establishing terraces,

diversions, and other water-control structures on a complex slope is difficult.

Complex, soil. A map unit of two or more kinds of soil or miscellaneous areas in

such an intricate pattern or so small in area that it is not practical to map them

separately at the selected scale of mapping. The pattern and proportion of the

soils or miscellaneous areas are somewhat similar in all areas.

Concretions. Cemented bodies with crude internal symmetry organized around a

point, a line, or a plane. They typically take the form of concentric layers visible to

the naked eye. Calcium carbonate, iron oxide, and manganese oxide are common

compounds making up concretions. If formed in place, concretions of iron oxide

or manganese oxide are generally considered a type of redoximorphic

concentration.

Congeliturbate. Soil material disturbed by frost action.

Conglomerate. A coarse grained, clastic rock composed of rounded or subangular

rock fragments more than 2 millimeters in diameter. It commonly has a matrix of

sand and finer textured material. Conglomerate is the consolidated equivalent of

gravel.

Conservation cropping system. Growing crops in combination with needed

cultural and management practices. In a good conservation cropping system,

the soil-improving crops and practices more than offset the effects of the soildepleting crops and practices. Cropping systems are needed on all tilled soils.

Soil-improving practices in a conservation cropping system include the use of

rotations that contain grasses and legumes and the return of crop residue to

the soil. Other practices include the use of green manure crops of grasses

and legumes, proper tillage, adequate fertilization, and weed and pest

control.

Conservation tillage. A tillage system that does not invert the soil and that leaves a

protective amount of crop residue on the surface throughout the year.

Consistence, soil. Refers to the degree of cohesion and adhesion of soil material

and its resistance to deformation when ruptured. Consistence includes resistance

of soil material to rupture and to penetration; plasticity, toughness, and stickiness

of puddled soil material; and the manner in which the soil material behaves when

subject to compression. Terms describing consistence are defined in the “Soil

Survey Manual.”

Contour stripcropping. Growing crops in strips that follow the contour. Strips of

grass or close-growing crops are alternated with strips of clean-tilled crops or

summer fallow.
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Control section. The part of the soil on which classification is based. The thickness

varies among different kinds of soil, but for many it is that part of the soil profile

between depths of 10 inches and 40 or 80 inches.

Coppice dune. A small dune of fine grained soil material stabilized around shrubs or

small trees.

Coprogenous earth (sedimentary peat). Fecal material deposited in water by

aquatic organisms.

Corrosion. Soil-induced electrochemical or chemical action that dissolves or

weakens concrete or uncoated steel.

Cover crop. A close-growing crop grown primarily to improve and protect the soil

between periods of regular crop production, or a crop grown between trees and

vines in orchards and vineyards.

Cropping system. Growing crops according to a planned system of rotation and

management practices.

Crop residue management. Returning crop residue to the soil, which helps to

maintain soil structure, organic matter content, and fertility and helps to control

erosion.

Cross-slope farming. Deliberately conducting farming operations on sloping

farmland in such a way that tillage is across the general slope.

Crown. The upper part of a tree or shrub, including the living branches and their

foliage.

Cuesta. A hill or ridge that has a gentle slope on one side and a steep slope on the

other; specifically, an asymmetric, homoclinal ridge capped by resistant rock

layers of slight or moderate dip.

Culmination of the mean annual increment (CMAI). The average annual increase

per acre in the volume of a stand. Computed by dividing the total volume of the

stand by its age. As the stand increases in age, the mean annual increment

continues to increase until mortality begins to reduce the rate of increase. The

point where the stand reaches its maximum annual rate of growth is called the

culmination of the mean annual increment.

Cutbanks cave (in tables). The walls of excavations tend to cave in or slough.

Decreasers. The most heavily grazed climax range plants. Because they are the

most palatable, they are the first to be destroyed by overgrazing.

Deferred grazing. Postponing grazing or resting grazing land for a prescribed period.

Delta. A body of alluvium having a surface that is nearly flat and fan shaped;

deposited at or near the mouth of a river or stream where it enters a body of

relatively quiet water, generally a sea or lake.

Dense layer (in tables). A very firm, massive layer that has a bulk density of more

than 1.8 grams per cubic centimeter. Such a layer affects the ease of digging and

can affect filling and compacting.

Depth, soil. Generally, the thickness of the soil over bedrock. Very deep soils are

more than 60 inches deep over bedrock; deep soils, 40 to 60 inches; moderately

deep, 20 to 40 inches; shallow, 10 to 20 inches; and very shallow, less than

10 inches.

Desert pavement. On a desert surface, a layer of gravel or larger fragments that was

emplaced by upward movement of the underlying sediments or that remains after

finer particles have been removed by running water or the wind.

Dip slope. A slope of the land surface, roughly determined by and approximately

conforming to the dip of the underlying bedrock.

Diversion (or diversion terrace). A ridge of earth, generally a terrace, built to protect

downslope areas by diverting runoff from its natural course.

Divided-slope farming. A form of field stripcropping in which crops are grown in a

systematic arrangement of two strips, or bands, across the slope to reduce the
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344

hazard of water erosion. One strip is in a close-growing crop that provides

protection from erosion, and the other strip is in a crop that provides less

protection from erosion. This practice is used where slopes are not long enough

to permit a full stripcropping pattern to be used.

Drainage class (natural). Refers to the frequency and duration of wet periods under

conditions similar to those under which the soil formed. Alterations of the water

regime by human activities, either through drainage or irrigation, are not a

consideration unless they have significantly changed the morphology of the soil.

Seven classes of natural soil drainage are recognized—excessively drained,

somewhat excessively drained, well drained, moderately well drained, somewhat

poorly drained, poorly drained, and very poorly drained. These classes are

defined in the “Soil Survey Manual.”

Drainage, surface. Runoff, or surface flow of water, from an area.

Draw. A small stream valley that generally is more open and has broader bottom land

than a ravine or gulch.

Drumlin. A low, smooth, elongated oval hill, mound, or ridge of compact glacial till.

The longer axis is parallel to the path of the glacier and commonly has a blunt

nose pointing in the direction from which the ice approached.

Duff. A generally firm organic layer on the surface of mineral soils. It consists of fallen

plant material that is in the process of decomposition and includes everything

from the litter on the surface to underlying pure humus.

Ecological site. An area where climate, soil, and relief are sufficiently uniform to

produce a distinct natural plant community. An ecological site is the product of

all the environmental factors responsible for its development. It is typified by an

association of species that differ from those on other ecological sites in kind

and/or proportion of species or in total production.

Eluviation. The movement of material in true solution or colloidal suspension from

one place to another within the soil. Soil horizons that have lost material through

eluviation are eluvial; those that have received material are illuvial.

Endosaturation. A type of saturation of the soil in which all horizons between the

upper boundary of saturation and a depth of 2 meters are saturated.

Eolian soil material. Earthy parent material accumulated through wind action;

commonly refers to sandy material in dunes or to loess in blankets on the

surface.

Ephemeral stream. A stream, or reach of a stream, that flows only in direct response

to precipitation. It receives no long-continued supply from melting snow or other

source, and its channel is above the water table at all times.

Episaturation. A type of saturation indicating a perched water table in a soil in which

saturated layers are underlain by one or more unsaturated layers within 2 meters

of the surface.

Erosion. The wearing away of the land surface by water, wind, ice, or other geologic

agents and by such processes as gravitational creep.

Erosion (geologic). Erosion caused by geologic processes acting over long

geologic periods and resulting in the wearing away of mountains and the building

up of such landscape features as flood plains and coastal plains. Synonym:

natural erosion.

Erosion (accelerated). Erosion much more rapid than geologic erosion, mainly as

a result of human or animal activities or of a catastrophe in nature, such as a fire,

that exposes the surface.

Erosion pavement. A layer of gravel or stones that remains on the surface after fine

particles are removed by sheet or rill erosion.

Escarpment. A relatively continuous and steep slope or cliff breaking the general

continuity of more gently sloping land surfaces and resulting from erosion or

faulting. Synonym: scarp.
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Esker. A narrow, winding ridge of stratified gravelly and sandy drift deposited by a

stream flowing in a tunnel beneath a glacier.

Extrusive rock. Igneous rock derived from deep-seated molten matter (magma)

emplaced on the Earth’s surface.

Fallow. Cropland left idle in order to restore productivity through accumulation of

moisture. Summer fallow is common in regions of limited rainfall where cereal

grain is grown. The soil is tilled for at least one growing season for weed control

and decomposition of plant residue.

Fan terrace. A relict alluvial fan, no longer a site of active deposition, incised by

younger and lower alluvial surfaces.

Fertility, soil. The quality that enables a soil to provide plant nutrients, in adequate

amounts and in proper balance, for the growth of specified plants when light,

moisture, temperature, tilth, and other growth factors are favorable.

Fibric soil material (peat). The least decomposed of all organic soil material. Peat

contains a large amount of well preserved fiber that is readily identifiable

according to botanical origin. Peat has the lowest bulk density and the highest

water content at saturation of all organic soil material.

Field moisture capacity. The moisture content of a soil, expressed as a percentage

of the ovendry weight, after the gravitational, or free, water has drained away; the

field moisture content 2 or 3 days after a soaking rain; also called normal field

capacity, normal moisture capacity, or capillary capacity.

Fill slope. A sloping surface consisting of excavated soil material from a road cut. It

commonly is on the downhill side of the road.

Fine earth. That portion of the soil consisting of particles less than 2 millimeters in

diameter. Particles and rock fragments 2 millimeters in diameter or larger are not

included.

Fine textured soil. Sandy clay, silty clay, or clay.

Firebreak. Area cleared of flammable material to stop or help control creeping or

running fires. It also serves as a line from which to work and to facilitate the

movement of firefighters and equipment. Designated roads also serve as

firebreaks.

First bottom. The normal flood plain of a stream, subject to frequent or occasional

flooding.

Flaggy soil material. Material that has, by volume, 15 to 35 percent flagstones. Very

flaggy soil material has 35 to 60 percent flagstones, and extremely flaggy soil

material has more than 60 percent flagstones.

Flagstone. A thin fragment of sandstone, limestone, slate, shale, or (rarely) schist 6

to 15 inches (15 to 38 centimeters) long.

Flood plain. A nearly level alluvial plain that borders a stream and is subject to

flooding unless protected artificially.

Fluvial. Of or pertaining to rivers; produced by river action, as a fluvial plain.

Foothill. A steeply sloping upland that has relief of as much as 1,000 feet

(300 meters) and fringes a mountain range or high-plateau escarpment.

Footslope. The position that forms the inner, gently inclined surface at the base of a

hillslope. In profile, footslopes are commonly concave. A footslope is a transition

zone between upslope sites of erosion and transport (shoulders and backslopes)

and downslope sites of deposition (toeslopes).

Forb. Any herbaceous plant not a grass or a sedge.

Forest cover. All trees and other woody plants (underbrush) covering the ground in a

forest.

Forest type. A stand of trees similar in composition and development because of given

physical and biological factors by which it may be differentiated from other stands.

Fragipan. A loamy, brittle subsurface horizon low in porosity and content of

organic matter and low or moderate in clay but high in silt or very fine sand.
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A fragipan appears cemented and restricts roots. When dry, it is hard or

very hard and has a higher bulk density than the horizon or horizons above.

When moist, it tends to rupture suddenly under pressure rather than to

deform slowly.

Genesis, soil. The mode of origin of the soil. Refers especially to the processes or

soil-forming factors responsible for the formation of the solum, or true soil, from

the unconsolidated parent material.

Gilgai. Commonly, a succession of microbasins and microknolls in nearly level

areas or of microvalleys and microridges parallel with the slope. Typically, the

microrelief of clayey soils that shrink and swell considerably with changes in

moisture content.

Glacial drift. Pulverized and other rock material transported by glacial ice and then

deposited. Also, the sorted and unsorted material deposited by streams flowing

from glaciers.

Glacial outwash. Gravel, sand, and silt, commonly stratified, deposited by glacial

meltwater.

Glacial till. Unsorted, nonstratified glacial drift consisting of clay, silt, sand, and

boulders transported and deposited by glacial ice.

Glaciofluvial deposits. Material moved by glaciers and subsequently sorted and

deposited by streams flowing from the melting ice. The deposits are stratified and

occur as kames, eskers, deltas, and outwash plains.

Glaciolacustrine deposits. Material ranging from fine clay to sand derived from

glaciers and deposited in glacial lakes mainly by glacial meltwater. Many deposits

are interbedded or laminated.

Gleyed soil. Soil that formed under poor drainage, resulting in the reduction of iron

and other elements in the profile and in gray colors.

Graded stripcropping. Growing crops in strips that grade toward a protected

waterway.

Grassed waterway. A natural or constructed waterway, typically broad and shallow,

seeded to grass as protection against erosion. Conducts surface water away from

cropland.

Gravel. Rounded or angular fragments of rock as much as 3 inches (2 millimeters to

7.6 centimeters) in diameter. An individual piece is a pebble.

Gravelly soil material. Material that has 15 to 35 percent, by volume, rounded or

angular rock fragments, not prominently flattened, as much as 3 inches (7.6

centimeters) in diameter.

Green manure crop (agronomy). A soil-improving crop grown to be plowed under in

an early stage of maturity or soon after maturity.

Ground water. Water filling all the unblocked pores of the material below the water

table.

Gully. A miniature valley with steep sides cut by running water and through which

water ordinarily runs only after rainfall. The distinction between a gully and a rill is

one of depth. A gully generally is an obstacle to farm machinery and is too deep

to be obliterated by ordinary tillage; a rill is of lesser depth and can be smoothed

over by ordinary tillage.

Hard bedrock. Bedrock that cannot be excavated except by blasting or by the use of

special equipment that is not commonly used in construction.

Hardpan. A hardened or cemented soil horizon, or layer. The soil material is sandy,

loamy, or clayey and is cemented by iron oxide, silica, calcium carbonate, or other

substance.

Hard to reclaim (in tables). Reclamation is difficult after the removal of soil for

construction and other uses. Revegetation and erosion control are extremely

difficult.

Head out. To form a flower head.
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Head slope. A geomorphic component of hills consisting of a laterally concave area

of a hillside, especially at the head of a drainageway. The overland waterflow is

converging.

Hemic soil material (mucky peat). Organic soil material intermediate in degree of

decomposition between the less decomposed fibric material and the more

decomposed sapric material.

High-residue crops. Such crops as small grain and corn used for grain. If properly

managed, residue from these crops can be used to control erosion until the next

crop in the rotation is established. These crops return large amounts of organic

matter to the soil.

Hill. A natural elevation of the land surface, rising as much as 1,000 feet above

surrounding lowlands, commonly of limited summit area and having a well

defined outline; hillsides generally have slopes of more than 15 percent. The

distinction between a hill and a mountain is arbitrary and is dependent on local

usage.

Horizon, soil. A layer of soil, approximately parallel to the surface, having distinct

characteristics produced by soil-forming processes. In the identification of soil

horizons, an uppercase letter represents the major horizons. Numbers or

lowercase letters that follow represent subdivisions of the major horizons. An

explanation of the subdivisions is given in the “Soil Survey Manual.” The major

horizons of mineral soil are as follows:

O horizon.—An organic layer of fresh and decaying plant residue.

A horizon.—The mineral horizon at or near the surface in which an accumulation

of humified organic matter is mixed with the mineral material. Also, a plowed

surface horizon, most of which was originally part of a B horizon.

E horizon.—The mineral horizon in which the main feature is loss of silicate clay,

iron, aluminum, or some combination of these.

B horizon.—The mineral horizon below an A horizon. The B horizon is in part a

layer of transition from the overlying A to the underlying C horizon. The B horizon

also has distinctive characteristics, such as (1) accumulation of clay,

sesquioxides, humus, or a combination of these; (2) prismatic or blocky structure;

(3) redder or browner colors than those in the A horizon; or (4) a combination of

these.

C horizon.—The mineral horizon or layer, excluding indurated bedrock, that

is little affected by soil-forming processes and does not have the properties

typical of the overlying soil material. The material of a C horizon may be

either like or unlike that in which the solum formed. If the material is known to

differ from that in the solum, an Arabic numeral, commonly a 2, precedes the

letter C.

Cr horizon.—Soft, consolidated bedrock beneath the soil.

R layer.—Consolidated bedrock beneath the soil. The bedrock commonly

underlies a C horizon, but it can be directly below an A or a B horizon.

Humus. The well decomposed, more or less stable part of the organic matter in

mineral soils.

Hydrologic soil groups. Refers to soils grouped according to their runoff potential.

The soil properties that influence this potential are those that affect the minimum

rate of water infiltration on a bare soil during periods after prolonged wetting

when the soil is not frozen. These properties are depth to a seasonal high water

table, the infiltration rate and permeability after prolonged wetting, and depth to a

very slowly permeable layer. The slope and the kind of plant cover are not

considered but are separate factors in predicting runoff.

Igneous rock. Rock formed by solidification from a molten or partially molten state.

Major varieties include plutonic and volcanic rock. Examples are andesite, basalt,

and granite.
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Illuviation. The movement of soil material from one horizon to another in the soil

profile. Generally, material is removed from an upper horizon and deposited in a

lower horizon.

Impervious soil. A soil through which water, air, or roots penetrate slowly or not at

all. No soil is absolutely impervious to air and water all the time.

Increasers. Species in the climax vegetation that increase in amount as the more

desirable plants are reduced by close grazing. Increasers commonly are the

shorter plants and the less palatable to livestock.

Infiltration. The downward entry of water into the immediate surface of soil or other

material, as contrasted with percolation, which is movement of water through soil

layers or material.

Infiltration capacity. The maximum rate at which water can infiltrate into a soil under

a given set of conditions.

Infiltration rate. The rate at which water penetrates the surface of the soil at any

given instant, usually expressed in inches per hour. The rate can be limited by

the infiltration capacity of the soil or the rate at which water is applied at the

surface.

Intake rate. The average rate of water entering the soil under irrigation. Most soils

have a fast initial rate; the rate decreases with application time. Therefore, intake

rate for design purposes is not a constant but is a variable depending on the net

irrigation application. The rate of water intake, in inches per hour, is expressed as

follows:

Less than 0.2 ................................................. very low

0.2 to 0.4 ................................................................ low

0.4 to 0.75 ........................................... moderately low

0.75 to 1.25 .................................................. moderate

1.25 to 1.75 ........................................ moderately high

1.75 to 2.5 ............................................................. high

More than 2.5 ................................................ very high

Interfluve. An elevated area between two drainageways that sheds water to those

drainageways.

Intermittent stream. A stream, or reach of a stream, that flows for prolonged periods

only when it receives ground-water discharge or long, continued contributions

from melting snow or other surface and shallow subsurface sources.

Invaders. On range, plants that encroach into an area and grow after the climax

vegetation has been reduced by grazing. Generally, plants invade following

disturbance of the surface.

Iron depletions. Low-chroma zones having a low content of iron and manganese

oxide because of chemical reduction and removal, but having a clay content

similar to that of the adjacent matrix. A type of redoximorphic depletion.

Irrigation. Application of water to soils to assist in production of crops. Methods of

irrigation are:

Basin.—Water is applied rapidly to nearly level plains surrounded by levees or

dikes.

Border.—Water is applied at the upper end of a strip in which the lateral flow of

water is controlled by small earth ridges called border dikes, or borders.

Controlled flooding.—Water is released at intervals from closely spaced field

ditches and distributed uniformly over the field.

Corrugation.—Water is applied to small, closely spaced furrows or ditches in

fields of close-growing crops or in orchards so that it flows in only one direction.

Drip (or trickle).—Water is applied slowly and under low pressure to the surface

of the soil or into the soil through such applicators as emitters, porous tubing, or

perforated pipe.
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Furrow.—Water is applied in small ditches made by cultivation implements.

Furrows are used for tree and row crops.

Sprinkler.—Water is sprayed over the soil surface through pipes or nozzles from a

pressure system.

Subirrigation.—Water is applied in open ditches or tile lines until the water table is

raised enough to wet the soil.

Wild flooding.—Water, released at high points, is allowed to flow onto an area

without controlled distribution.

Kame. An irregular, short ridge or hill of stratified glacial drift.

Karst (topography). The relief of an area underlain by limestone that dissolves in

differing degrees, thus forming numerous depressions or small basins.

Knoll. A small, low, rounded hill rising above adjacent landforms.

Ksat. Saturated hydraulic conductivity. (See Permeability.)

Lacustrine deposit. Material deposited in lake water and exposed when the water

level is lowered or the elevation of the land is raised.

Landslide. The rapid downhill movement of a mass of soil and loose rock, generally

when wet or saturated. The speed and distance of movement, as well as the

amount of soil and rock material, vary greatly.

Large stones (in tables). Rock fragments 3 inches (7.6 centimeters) or more across.

Large stones adversely affect the specified use of the soil.

Leaching. The removal of soluble material from soil or other material by percolating

water.

Linear extensibility. Refers to the change in length of an unconfined clod as

moisture content is decreased from a moist to a dry state. Linear extensibility is

used to determine the shrink-swell potential of soils. It is an expression of the

volume change between the water content of the clod at 1/3- or 1/10-bar tension

(33kPa or 10kPa tension) and oven dryness. Volume change is influenced by the

amount and type of clay minerals in the soil. The volume change is the percent

change for the whole soil. If it is expressed as a fraction, the resulting value is

COLE, coefficient of linear extensibility.

Liquid limit. The moisture content at which the soil passes from a plastic to a liquid

state.

Loam. Soil material that is 7 to 27 percent clay particles, 28 to 50 percent silt

particles, and less than 52 percent sand particles.

Loess. Fine grained material, dominantly of silt-sized particles, deposited by

wind.

Low-residue crops. Such crops as corn used for silage, peas, beans, and potatoes.

Residue from these crops is not adequate to control erosion until the next crop in

the rotation is established. These crops return little organic matter to the soil.

Low strength. The soil is not strong enough to support loads.

Marl. An earthy, unconsolidated deposit consisting chiefly of calcium carbonate mixed

with clay in approximately equal amounts.

Masses. Concentrations of substances in the soil matrix that do not have a clearly

defined boundary with the surrounding soil material and cannot be removed as a

discrete unit. Common compounds making up masses are calcium carbonate,

gypsum or other soluble salts, iron oxide, and manganese oxide. Masses

consisting of iron oxide or manganese oxide generally are considered a type of

redoximorphic concentration.

Mechanical treatment. Use of mechanical equipment for seeding, brush

management, and other management practices.

Medium textured soil. Very fine sandy loam, loam, silt loam, or silt.

Mesa. A broad, nearly flat topped and commonly isolated upland mass

characterized by summit widths that are more than the heights of bounding

erosional scarps.
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

350

Metamorphic rock. Rock of any origin altered in mineralogical composition, chemical

composition, or structure by heat, pressure, and movement. Nearly all such rocks

are crystalline.

Mineral soil. Soil that is mainly mineral material and low in organic material. Its bulk

density is more than that of organic soil.

Minimum tillage. Only the tillage essential to crop production and prevention of soil

damage.

Miscellaneous area. An area that has little or no natural soil and supports little or no

vegetation.

Moderately coarse textured soil. Coarse sandy loam, sandy loam, or fine sandy

loam.

Moderately fine textured soil. Clay loam, sandy clay loam, or silty clay loam.

Mollic epipedon. A thick, dark, humus-rich surface horizon (or horizons) that has

high base saturation and pedogenic soil structure. It may include the upper part

of the subsoil.

Moraine. An accumulation of earth, stones, and other debris deposited by a glacier.

Some types are terminal, lateral, medial, and ground.

Morphology, soil. The physical makeup of the soil, including the texture, structure,

porosity, consistence, color, and other physical, mineral, and biological properties

of the various horizons, and the thickness and arrangement of those horizons in

the soil profile.

Mottling, soil. Irregular spots of different colors that vary in number and size.

Descriptive terms are as follows: abundance—few, common, and many; size—

fine, medium, and coarse; and contrast—faint, distinct, and prominent. The

size measurements are of the diameter along the greatest dimension. Fine

indicates less than 5 millimeters (about 0.2 inch); medium, from 5 to

15 millimeters (about 0.2 to 0.6 inch); and coarse, more than 15 millimeters

(about 0.6 inch).

Mountain. A natural elevation of the land surface, rising more than 1,000 feet above

surrounding lowlands, commonly of restricted summit area (relative to a plateau)

and generally having steep sides. A mountain can occur as a single, isolated

mass or in a group forming a chain or range.

Muck. Dark, finely divided, well decomposed organic soil material. (See Sapric soil

material.)

Mudstone. Sedimentary rock formed by induration of silt and clay in approximately

equal amounts.

Munsell notation. A designation of color by degrees of three simple variables—hue,

value, and chroma. For example, a notation of 10YR 6/4 is a color with hue of

10YR, value of 6, and chroma of 4.

Natric horizon. A special kind of argillic horizon that contains enough exchangeable

sodium to have an adverse effect on the physical condition of the subsoil.

Neutral soil. A soil having a pH value of 6.6 to 7.3. (See Reaction, soil.)

Nodules. Cemented bodies lacking visible internal structure. Calcium carbonate, iron

oxide, and manganese oxide are common compounds making up nodules. If

formed in place, nodules of iron oxide or manganese oxide are considered types

of redoximorphic concentrations.

Nose slope. A geomorphic component of hills consisting of the projecting end

(laterally convex area) of a hillside. The overland waterflow is predominantly

divergent.

Nutrient, plant. Any element taken in by a plant essential to its growth. Plant

nutrients are mainly nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium,

sulfur, iron, manganese, copper, boron, and zinc obtained from the soil and

carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen obtained from the air and water.
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351

Organic matter. Plant and animal residue in the soil in various stages of

decomposition. The content of organic matter in the surface layer is described as

follows:

Very low ..................................... less than 0.5 percent

Low .................................................. 0.5 to 1.0 percent

Moderately low ................................ 1.0 to 2.0 percent

Moderate ......................................... 2.0 to 4.0 percent

High ................................................. 4.0 to 8.0 percent

Very high .................................. more than 8.0 percent

Outwash plain. A landform of mainly sandy or coarse textured material of

glaciofluvial origin. An outwash plain is commonly smooth; where pitted, it

generally is low in relief.

Paleoterrace. An erosional remnant of a terrace that retains the surface form and

alluvial deposits of its origin but was not emplaced by, and commonly does not

grade to, a present-day stream or drainage network.

Pan. A compact, dense layer in a soil that impedes the movement of water and the

growth of roots. For example, hardpan, fragipan, claypan, plowpan, and traffic

pan.

Parent material. The unconsolidated organic and mineral material in which soil

forms.

Peat. Unconsolidated material, largely undecomposed organic matter, that has

accumulated under excess moisture. (See Fibric soil material.)

Pebble. A rounded or angular fragment of rock as much as 3 inches (2 millimeters to

7.6 centimeters) in diameter. A collection of pebbles is referred to as gravel.

Ped. An individual natural soil aggregate, such as a granule, a prism, or a

block.

Pedisediment. A thin layer of alluvial material that mantles an erosion surface and

has been transported to its present position from higher lying areas of the erosion

surface.

Pedon. The smallest volume that can be called “a soil.” A pedon is three dimensional

and large enough to permit study of all horizons. Its area ranges from about 10 to

100 square feet (1 square meter to 10 square meters), depending on the

variability of the soil.

Percolation. The movement of water through the soil.

Permafrost. Layers of soil, or even bedrock, occurring in arctic or subarctic regions,

in which a temperature below freezing has existed continuously for a long time.

Permeability. The quality of the soil that enables water or air to move downward

through the profile. The rate at which a saturated soil transmits water is accepted

as a measure of this quality. In soil physics, the rate is referred to as “saturated

hydraulic conductivity,” which is defined in the “Soil Survey Manual.” In line with

conventional usage in the engineering profession and with traditional usage in

published soil surveys, this rate of flow continues to be expressed as

“permeability.” Terms describing permeability, measured in inches per hour, are as

follows:

Impermeable ............................. less than 0.0015 inch

Very slow ...................................... 0.0015 to 0.06 inch

Slow .................................................... 0.06 to 0.2 inch

Moderately slow .................................... 0.2 to 0.6 inch

Moderate ................................... 0.6 inch to 2.0 inches

Moderately rapid ............................... 2.0 to 6.0 inches

Rapid .................................................. 6.0 to 20 inches

Very rapid ................................... more than 20 inches
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

352

Phase, soil. A subdivision of a soil series based on features that affect its use and

management, such as slope, stoniness, and flooding.

pH value. A numerical designation of acidity and alkalinity in soil. (See Reaction,

soil.)

Piping (in tables). Formation of subsurface tunnels or pipelike cavities by water

moving through the soil.

Pitting (in tables). Pits caused by melting around ice. They form on the soil after plant

cover is removed.

Plasticity index. The numerical difference between the liquid limit and the plastic

limit; the range of moisture content within which the soil remains plastic.

Plastic limit. The moisture content at which a soil changes from semisolid to plastic.

Plateau. An extensive upland mass with relatively flat summit area that is

considerably elevated (more than 100 meters) above adjacent lowlands and

separated from them on one or more sides by escarpments.

Playa. The generally dry and nearly level lake plain that occupies the lowest parts of

closed depressional areas, such as those on intermontane basin floors.

Temporary flooding occurs primarily in response to precipitation and runoff.

Plinthite. The sesquioxide-rich, humus-poor, highly weathered mixture of clay with

quartz and other diluents. It commonly appears as red mottles, usually in platy,

polygonal, or reticulate patterns. Plinthite changes irreversibly to an ironstone

hardpan or to irregular aggregates on repeated wetting and drying, especially if it

is exposed also to heat from the sun. In a moist soil, plinthite can be cut with a

spade. It is a form of laterite.

Plowpan. A compacted layer formed in the soil directly below the plowed layer.

Ponding. Standing water on soils in closed depressions. Unless the soils are

artificially drained, the water can be removed only by percolation or

evapotranspiration.

Poorly graded. Refers to a coarse grained soil or soil material consisting mainly of

particles of nearly the same size. Because there is little difference in size of the

particles, density can be increased only slightly by compaction.

Potential native plant community. See Climax plant community.

Potential rooting depth (effective rooting depth). Depth to which roots could

penetrate if the content of moisture in the soil were adequate. The soil has no

properties restricting the penetration of roots to this depth.

Prescribed burning. Deliberately burning an area for specific management

purposes, under the appropriate conditions of weather and soil moisture and at

the proper time of day.

Productivity, soil. The capability of a soil for producing a specified plant or sequence

of plants under specific management.

Profile, soil. A vertical section of the soil extending through all its horizons and into

the parent material.

Proper grazing use. Grazing at an intensity that maintains enough cover to protect

the soil and maintain or improve the quantity and quality of the desirable

vegetation. This practice increases the vigor and reproduction capacity of the key

plants and promotes the accumulation of litter and mulch necessary to conserve

soil and water.

Rangeland. Land on which the potential natural vegetation is predominantly grasses,

grasslike plants, forbs, or shrubs suitable for grazing or browsing. It includes

natural grasslands, savannas, many wetlands, some deserts, tundras, and areas

that support certain forb and shrub communities.

Reaction, soil. A measure of acidity or alkalinity of a soil, expressed in pH values. A

soil that tests to pH 7.0 is described as precisely neutral in reaction because it is

neither acid nor alkaline. The degrees of acidity or alkalinity, expressed as pH

values, are:
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

353

Ultra acid ................................................. less than 3.5

Extremely acid ..............................................3.5 to 4.4

Very strongly acid .........................................4.5 to 5.0

Strongly acid .................................................5.1 to 5.5

Moderately acid ............................................5.6 to 6.0

Slightly acid ...................................................6.1 to 6.5

Neutral...........................................................6.6 to 7.3

Slightly alkaline .............................................7.4 to 7.8

Moderately alkaline ......................................7.9 to 8.4

Strongly alkaline ...........................................8.5 to 9.0

Very strongly alkaline .......................... 9.1 and higher

Red beds. Sedimentary strata that are mainly red and are made up largely of

sandstone and shale.

Redoximorphic concentrations. Nodules, concretions, soft masses, pore

linings, and other features resulting from the accumulation of iron or

manganese oxide. An indication of chemical reduction and oxidation resulting

from saturation.

Redoximorphic depletions. Low-chroma zones from which iron and manganese

oxide or a combination of iron and manganese oxide and clay has been removed.

These zones are indications of the chemical reduction of iron resulting from

saturation.

Redoximorphic features. Redoximorphic concentrations, redoximorphic depletions,

reduced matrices, a positive reaction to alpha,alpha-dipyridyl, and other features

indicating the chemical reduction and oxidation of iron and manganese

compounds resulting from saturation.

Reduced matrix. A soil matrix that has low chroma in situ because of chemically

reduced iron (Fe II). The chemical reduction results from nearly continuous

wetness. The matrix undergoes a change in hue or chroma within 30 minutes

after exposure to air as the iron is oxidized (Fe III). A type of redoximorphic

feature.

Regolith. The unconsolidated mantle of weathered rock and soil material on the

Earth’s surface; the loose earth material above the solid rock.

Relief. The elevations or inequalities of a land surface, considered collectively.

Residuum (residual soil material). Unconsolidated, weathered or partly weathered

mineral material that accumulated as consolidated rock disintegrated in place.

Rill. A steep-sided channel resulting from accelerated erosion. A rill generally is a few

inches deep and not wide enough to be an obstacle to farm machinery.

Road cut. A sloping surface produced by mechanical means during road

construction. It is commonly on the uphill side of the road.

Rock fragments. Rock or mineral fragments having a diameter of 2 millimeters or

more; for example, pebbles, cobbles, stones, and boulders.

Root zone. The part of the soil that can be penetrated by plant roots.

Runoff. The precipitation discharged into stream channels from an area. The water

that flows off the surface of the land without sinking into the soil is called surface

runoff. Water that enters the soil before reaching surface streams is called

ground-water runoff or seepage flow from ground water.

Saline soil. A soil containing soluble salts in an amount that impairs growth of plants.

A saline soil does not contain excess exchangeable sodium.

Sand. As a soil separate, individual rock or mineral fragments from 0.05 millimeter

to 2.0 millimeters in diameter. Most sand grains consist of quartz. As a soil

textural class, a soil that is 85 percent or more sand and not more than 10

percent clay.

Sandstone. Sedimentary rock containing dominantly sand-sized particles.
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354

Sapric soil material (muck). The most highly decomposed of all organic soil

material. Muck has the least amount of plant fiber, the highest bulk density, and

the lowest water content at saturation of all organic soil material.

Saprolite. Unconsolidated residual material underlying the soil and grading to hard

bedrock below.

Saturation. Wetness characterized by zero or positive pressure of the soil water.

Under conditions of saturation, the water will flow from the soil matrix into an

unlined auger hole.

Scarification. The act of abrading, scratching, loosening, crushing, or modifying the

surface to increase water absorption or to provide a more tillable soil.

Second bottom. The first terrace above the normal flood plain (or first bottom) of a

river.

Sedimentary rock. Rock made up of particles deposited from suspension in water.

The chief kinds of sedimentary rock are conglomerate, formed from gravel;

sandstone, formed from sand; shale, formed from clay; and limestone, formed

from soft masses of calcium carbonate. There are many intermediate types.

Some wind-deposited sand is consolidated into sandstone.

Sequum. A sequence consisting of an illuvial horizon and the overlying eluvial

horizon. (See Eluviation.)

Series, soil. A group of soils that have profiles that are almost alike, except for

differences in texture of the surface layer. All the soils of a series have horizons

that are similar in composition, thickness, and arrangement.

Shale. Sedimentary rock formed by the hardening of a clay deposit.

Sheet erosion. The removal of a fairly uniform layer of soil material from the land

surface by the action of rainfall and surface runoff.

Shoulder. The position that forms the uppermost inclined surface near the top of a

hillslope. It is a transition from backslope to summit. The surface is dominantly

convex in profile and erosional in origin.

Shrink-swell (in tables). The shrinking of soil when dry and the swelling when wet.

Shrinking and swelling can damage roads, dams, building foundations, and other

structures. It can also damage plant roots.

Side slope. A geomorphic component of hills consisting of a laterally planar area of a

hillside. The overland waterflow is predominantly parallel.

Silica. A combination of silicon and oxygen. The mineral form is called quartz.

Silica-sesquioxide ratio. The ratio of the number of molecules of silica to the

number of molecules of alumina and iron oxide. The more highly weathered soils

or their clay fractions in warm-temperate, humid regions, and especially those in

the tropics, generally have a low ratio.

Silt. As a soil separate, individual mineral particles that range in diameter from the

upper limit of clay (0.002 millimeter) to the lower limit of very fine sand (0.05

millimeter). As a soil textural class, soil that is 80 percent or more silt and less

than 12 percent clay.

Siltstone. Sedimentary rock made up of dominantly silt-sized particles.

Similar soils. Soils that share limits of diagnostic criteria, behave and perform

in a similar manner, and have similar conservation needs or management

requirements for the major land uses in the survey area.

Sinkhole. A depression in the landscape where limestone has been

dissolved.

Site index. A designation of the quality of a forest site based on the height of the

dominant stand at an arbitrarily chosen age. For example, if the average height

attained by dominant and codominant trees in a fully stocked stand at the age of

50 years is 75 feet, the site index is 75.

Slickensides. Polished and grooved surfaces produced by one mass sliding past

another. In soils, slickensides may occur at the bases of slip surfaces on the
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355

steeper slopes; on faces of blocks, prisms, and columns; and in swelling clayey

soils, where there is marked change in moisture content.

Slick spot. A small area of soil having a puddled, crusted, or smooth surface and an

excess of exchangeable sodium. The soil generally is silty or clayey, is slippery

when wet, and is low in productivity.

Slope. The inclination of the land surface from the horizontal. Percentage of slope is

the vertical distance divided by horizontal distance, then multiplied by 100. Thus,

a slope of 20 percent is a drop of 20 feet in 100 feet of horizontal distance. In this

survey, classes for simple slopes are as follows:

Nearly level ........................................... 0 to 3 percent

Gently sloping ....................................... 3 to 8 percent

Strongly sloping .................................. 8 to 15 percent

Moderately steep .............................. 15 to 25 percent

Steep ................................................. 25 to 35 percent

Very steep ................................ 35 percent and higher

Sloughed till. Water-saturated till that has flowed slowly downhill from its original

place of deposit by glacial ice. It may rest on other till, on glacial outwash, or on a

glaciolacustrine deposit.

Slow refill (in tables). The slow filling of ponds, resulting from restricted permeability

in the soil.

Sodic (alkali) soil. A soil having so high a degree of alkalinity (pH 8.5 or higher) or

so high a percentage of exchangeable sodium (15 percent or more of the total

exchangeable bases), or both, that plant growth is restricted.

Sodicity. The degree to which a soil is affected by exchangeable sodium. Sodicity is

expressed as a sodium adsorption ratio (SAR) of a saturation extract, or the ratio

of Na+ to Ca++ + Mg++. The degrees of sodicity and their respective ratios are:

Slight ..................................................... less than 13:1

Moderate ......................................................... 13-30:1

Strong.................................................. more than 30:1

Sodium adsorption ratio (SAR). A measure of the amount of sodium (Na) relative to

calcium (Ca) and magnesium (Mg) in the water extract from saturated soil paste.

It is the ratio of the Na concentration divided by the square root of one-half of the

Ca + Mg concentration.

Soft bedrock. Bedrock that can be excavated with trenching machines, backhoes,

small rippers, and other equipment commonly used in construction.

Soil. A natural, three-dimensional body at the Earth’s surface. It is capable of

supporting plants and has properties resulting from the integrated effect of

climate and living matter acting on earthy parent material, as conditioned by relief

over periods of time.

Soil separates. Mineral particles less than 2 millimeters in equivalent diameter and

ranging between specified size limits. The names and sizes, in millimeters, of

separates recognized in the United States are as follows:

Very coarse sand ..........................................2.0 to 1.0

Coarse sand .................................................1.0 to 0.5

Medium sand ............................................. 0.5 to 0.25

Fine sand ................................................. 0.25 to 0.10

Very fine sand .......................................... 0.10 to 0.05

Silt .......................................................... 0.05 to 0.002

Clay ..................................................... less than 0.002

Solum. The upper part of a soil profile, above the C horizon, in which the processes

of soil formation are active. The solum in soil consists of the A, E, and B horizons.
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

356

Generally, the characteristics of the material in these horizons are unlike those of

the material below the solum. The living roots and plant and animal activities are

largely confined to the solum.

Stone line. A concentration of coarse fragments in a soil. Generally, it is indicative of

an old weathered surface. In a cross section, the line may be one fragment or

more thick. It generally overlies material that weathered in place and is overlain

by recent sediment of variable thickness.

Stones. Rock fragments 10 to 24 inches (25 to 60 centimeters) in diameter if rounded

or 15 to 24 inches (38 to 60 centimeters) in length if flat.

Stony. Refers to a soil containing stones in numbers that interfere with or prevent

tillage.

Stripcropping. Growing crops in a systematic arrangement of strips or bands that

provide vegetative barriers to wind erosion and water erosion.

Structure, soil. The arrangement of primary soil particles into compound particles or

aggregates. The principal forms of soil structure are—platy (laminated), prismatic

(vertical axis of aggregates longer than horizontal), columnar (prisms with

rounded tops), blocky (angular or subangular), and granular. Structureless soils

are either single grain (each grain by itself, as in dune sand) or massive (the

particles adhering without any regular cleavage, as in many hardpans).

Stubble mulch. Stubble or other crop residue left on the soil or partly worked into the

soil. It protects the soil from wind erosion and water erosion after harvest, during

preparation of a seedbed for the next crop, and during the early growing period of

the new crop.

Subsoil. Technically, the B horizon; roughly, the part of the solum below plow depth.

Subsoiling. Tilling a soil below normal plow depth, ordinarily to shatter a hardpan or

claypan.

Substratum. The part of the soil below the solum.

Subsurface layer. Any surface soil horizon (A, E, AB, or EB) below the surface layer.

Summer fallow. The tillage of uncropped land during the summer to control weeds

and allow storage of moisture in the soil for the growth of a later crop. A practice

common in semiarid regions, where annual precipitation is not enough to produce

a crop every year. Summer fallow is frequently practiced before planting winter

grain.

Summit. The topographically highest position of a hillslope. It has a nearly level

(planar or only slightly convex) surface.

Surface layer. The soil ordinarily moved in tillage, or its equivalent in uncultivated

soil, ranging in depth from 4 to 10 inches (10 to 25 centimeters). Frequently

designated as the “plow layer,” or the “Ap horizon.”

Surface soil. The A, E, AB, and EB horizons, considered collectively. It includes all

subdivisions of these horizons.

Talus. Fragments of rock and other soil material accumulated by gravity at the foot of

cliffs or steep slopes.

Taxadjuncts. Soils that cannot be classified in a series recognized in the

classification system. Such soils are named for a series they strongly resemble

and are designated as taxadjuncts to that series because they differ in ways too

small to be of consequence in interpreting their use and behavior. Soils are

recognized as taxadjuncts only when one or more of their characteristics are

slightly outside the range defined for the family of the series for which the soils

are named.

Terminal moraine. A belt of thick glacial drift that generally marks the termination of

important glacial advances.

Terrace. An embankment, or ridge, constructed across sloping soils on the contour or

at a slight angle to the contour. The terrace intercepts surface runoff so that water
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

357

soaks into the soil or flows slowly to a prepared outlet. A terrace in a field

generally is built so that the field can be farmed. A terrace intended mainly for

drainage has a deep channel that is maintained in permanent sod.

Terrace (geologic). An old alluvial plain, ordinarily flat or undulating, bordering a river,

a lake, or the sea.

Texture, soil. The relative proportions of sand, silt, and clay particles in a mass of

soil. The basic textural classes, in order of increasing proportion of fine particles,

are sand, loamy sand, sandy loam, loam, silt loam, silt, sandy clay loam, clay

loam, silty clay loam, sandy clay, silty clay, and clay. The sand, loamy sand, and

sandy loam classes may be further divided by specifying “coarse,” “fine,” or “very

fine.”

Thin layer (in tables). Otherwise suitable soil material that is too thin for the specified

use.

Till plain. An extensive area of nearly level to undulating soils underlain by glacial

till.

Tilth, soil. The physical condition of the soil as related to tillage, seedbed

preparation, seedling emergence, and root penetration.

Toeslope. The position that forms the gently inclined surface at the base of a

hillslope. Toeslopes in profile are commonly gentle and linear and are

constructional surfaces forming the lower part of a hillslope continuum that

grades to valley or closed-depression floors.

Topsoil. The upper part of the soil, which is the most favorable material for plant

growth. It is ordinarily rich in organic matter and is used to topdress roadbanks,

lawns, and land affected by mining.

Trace elements. Chemical elements, for example, zinc, cobalt, manganese,

copper, and iron, in soils in extremely small amounts. They are essential to

plant growth.

Tuff. A compacted deposit that is 50 percent or more volcanic ash and dust.

Upland. Land at a higher elevation, in general, than the alluvial plain or stream

terrace; land above the lowlands along streams.

Valley fill. In glaciated regions, material deposited in stream valleys by glacial

meltwater. In nonglaciated regions, alluvium deposited by heavily loaded streams.

Variegation. Refers to patterns of contrasting colors assumed to be inherited from

the parent material rather than to be the result of poor drainage.

Varve. A sedimentary layer or a lamina or sequence of laminae deposited in a body

of still water within a year. Specifically, a thin pair of graded glaciolacustrine layers

seasonally deposited, usually by meltwater streams, in a glacial lake or other

body of still water in front of a glacier.

Water bars. Smooth, shallow ditches or depressional areas that are excavated at an

angle across a sloping road. They are used to reduce the downward velocity of

water and divert it off and away from the road surface. Water bars can easily be

driven over if constructed properly.

Weathering. All physical and chemical changes produced in rocks or other deposits

at or near the Earth’s surface by atmospheric agents. These changes result in

disintegration and decomposition of the material.

Well graded. Refers to soil material consisting of coarse grained particles that are

well distributed over a wide range in size or diameter. Such soil normally can be

easily increased in density and bearing properties by compaction. Contrasts with

poorly graded soil.

Wilting point (or permanent wilting point). The moisture content of soil, on an

ovendry basis, at which a plant (specifically a sunflower) wilts so much that it

does not recover when placed in a humid, dark chamber.

Windthrow. The uprooting and tipping over of trees by the wind.

359

Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

Tables
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

360

Table 1.--Temperature and Precipitation

(Recorded in the period 1971-2000 at Cacapon State Park, West Virginia.)

_________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | |

 | Temperature | Precipitation

 |_________________________________________________________|_____________________________________

 | | | | 2 years in | | |2 years in 10|Average|

 | | | | 10 will have-- | Average | | will have-- |number |

 Month |Average|Average| |_______________________|number of| |_____________|of days|Average

 | daily | daily |Average| Maximum | Minimum | growing |Average| Less | More | with | snow-

 |maximum|minimum| |temperature|temperature| degree | |than--|than--| 0.10 | fall

 | | | | higher | lower | days* | | | |inch or|

 | | | | than-- | than-- | | | | | more |

_________|_______|_______|_______|___________|___________|_________|_______|______|______|_______|_______

 | | | | | | | | | | |

 | oF | oF | oF | oF | oF | Units | In | In | In | | In

 | | | | | | | | | | |

January--| 38.2 | 20.1 | 29.2 | 66 | -8 | 23 | 2.61 | 1.14 | 3.91 | 5 | 7.9

 | | | | | | | | | | |

February-| 42.7 | 23.0 | 32.9 | 72 | 0 | 45 | 2.17 | .93 | 3.10 | 5 | 6.7

 | | | | | | | | | | |

March----| 51.7 | 30.1 | 40.9 | 82 | 8 | 141 | 3.16 | 1.91 | 4.26 | 7 | 4.8

 | | | | | | | | | | |

April----| 63.2 | 40.0 | 51.6 | 88 | 22 | 352 | 3.04 | 1.68 | 4.30 | 6 | .2

 | | | | | | | | | | |

May------| 72.8 | 49.7 | 61.2 | 91 | 32 | 650 | 3.80 | 1.92 | 5.48 | 7 | .0

 | | | | | | | | | | |

June-----| 81.0 | 57.6 | 69.3 | 95 | 41 | 875 | 3.82 | 2.37 | 5.00 | 6 | .0

 | | | | | | | | | | |

July-----| 85.2 | 62.6 | 73.9 | 98 | 47 | 1,040 | 4.19 | 2.25 | 6.20 | 7 | .0

 | | | | | | | | | | |

August---| 83.6 | 60.4 | 72.0 | 97 | 43 | 984 | 3.74 | 2.16 | 5.16 | 6 | .0

 | | | | | | | | | | |

September| 76.2 | 52.8 | 64.5 | 93 | 35 | 725 | 3.44 | 1.72 | 4.74 | 5 | .0

 | | | | | | | | | | |

October--| 65.2 | 41.2 | 53.2 | 85 | 25 | 410 | 3.25 | 1.10 | 5.06 | 5 | .0

 | | | | | | | | | | |

November-| 54.1 | 33.8 | 43.9 | 78 | 14 | 174 | 3.02 | 1.52 | 4.44 | 5 | .8

 | | | | | | | | | | |

December-| 42.5 | 24.5 | 33.5 | 68 | 2 | 45 | 2.43 | 1.04 | 3.67 | 4 | 2.3

 | | | | | | | | | | |

Yearly: | | | | | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | | | | | |

 Average-| 63.0 | 41.3 | 52.2 | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---

 | | | | | | | | | | |

 Extreme-| --- | --- | --- | 99 | -10 | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---

 | | | | | | | | | | |

 Total---| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | 5,463 | 38.66 |29.63 |44.09 | 68 | 22.7

_________|_______|_______|_______|___________|___________|_________|_______|______|______|_______|_______

 * A growing degree day is a unit of heat available for plant growth. It can be calculated by adding

the maximum and minimum daily temperatures, dividing the sum by 2, and subtracting the temperature below

which growth is minimal for the principal crops in the area (40 degrees F).
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

361

Table 2.--Freeze Dates in Spring and Fall

(Recorded in the period 1971-2000 at Cacapon State Park,

 West Virginia.)

______________________________________________________________

 |

 | Temperature

 |__________________________________________

 Probability | | |

 | 24o F | 28o F | 32o F

 | or lower | or lower | or lower

___________________|_____________|_____________|______________

 | | |

 | | |

 Last freezing | | |

 temperature | | |

 in spring: | | |

 | | |

 1 year in 10 | | |

 later than-- | Apr. 10 | Apr. 20 | May 5

 | | |

 2 years in 10 | | |

 later than-- | Apr. 6 | Apr. 16 | Apr. 30

 | | |

 5 years in 10 | | |

 later than-- | Mar. 28 | Apr. 9 | Apr. 21

 | | |

 First freezing | | |

 temperature | | |

 in fall: | | |

 | | |

 1 year in 10 | | |

 earlier than-- | Oct. 24 | Oct. 7 | Sept. 30

 | | |

 2 years in 10 | | |

 earlier than-- | Oct. 30 | Oct. 13 | Oct. 5

 | | |

 5 years in 10 | | |

 earlier than-- | Nov. 11 | Oct. 24 | Oct. 15

___________________|_____________|_____________|______________

Table 3.--Growing Season

(Recorded in the period 1971-2000 at Cacapon State

 Park, West Virginia.)

_____________________________________________________

 |

 | Daily minimum temperature

 | during growing season

 |___________________________________

 Probability | | |

 | Higher | Higher | Higher

 | than | than | than

 | 24o F | 28o F | 32o F

_________________|____________|___________|__________

 | Days | Days | Days

 | | |

 9 years in 10 | 205 | 178 | 155

 | | |

 8 years in 10 | 213 | 184 | 163

 | | |

 5 years in 10 | 229 | 197 | 177

 | | |

 2 years in 10 | 245 | 210 | 192

 | | |

 1 year in 10 | 253 | 217 | 199

_________________|____________|___________|__________
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

362

Table 4.--Acreage and Proportionate Extent of the Soils

_______________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | |

 Map | Soil name | Acres |Percent

symbol | | |

_______|_________________________________________________________________________|____________|________

 | | |

AgB |Allegheny loam, 3 to 8 percent slopes------------------------------------| 79 | *

AgC |Allegheny loam, 8 to 15 percent slopes-----------------------------------| 519 | 0.4

AnB |Andover gravelly loam, 3 to 8 percent slopes-----------------------------| 47 | *

Ba |Basher fine sandy loam---------------------------------------------------| 465 | 0.3

BbC |Berks channery loam, 3 to 15 percent slopes, very stony------------------| 576 | 0.4

BbE |Berks channery loam, 15 to 35 percent slopes, very stony-----------------| 773 | 0.5

BcD |Berks-Calvin channery loams, 15 to 25 percent slopes---------------------| 2,948 | 2.0

BcE |Berks-Calvin channery loams, 25 to 35 percent slopes---------------------| 1,476 | 1.0

BcF |Berks-Calvin channery loams, 35 to 65 percent slopes---------------------| 663 | 0.5

BeB |Berks-Clearbrook channery silt loams, 3 to 8 percent slopes--------------| 445 | 0.3

BeC |Berks-Clearbrook channery silt loams, 8 to 15 percent slopes-------------| 1,011 | 0.7

BkB |Berks-Weikert channery silt loams, 3 to 8 percent slopes-----------------| 3,714 | 2.5

BqF |Blackthorn very gravelly sandy loam, 35 to 55 percent slopes, rubbly-----| 398 | 0.3

BrB |Brinkerton silt loam, 3 to 8 percent slopes------------------------------| 72 | *

BuB |Buchanan gravelly loam, 3 to 8 percent slopes----------------------------| 75 | *

BuC |Buchanan gravelly loam, 8 to 15 percent slopes---------------------------| 465 | 0.3

BxC |Buchanan loam, 3 to 15 percent slopes, extremely stony------------------| 3,740 | 2.5

BxE |Buchanan loam, 15 to 35 percent slopes, extremely stony------------------| 3,251 | 2.2

CbB |Calvin-Berks channery loams, 3 to 8 percent slopes-----------------------| 50 | *

CbC |Calvin-Berks channery loams, 8 to 15 percent slopes----------------------| 1,782 | 1.2

CkB |Calvin-Klinesville channery loams, 3 to 8 percent slopes-----------------| 410 | 0.3

CkC |Calvin-Klinesville channery loams, 8 to 15 percent slopes----------------| 6,634 | 4.5

CkD |Calvin-Klinesville channery loams, 15 to 25 percent slopes---------------| 6,259 | 4.3

CkE |Calvin-Klinesville channery loams, 25 to 35 percent slopes---------------| 5,050 | 3.4

CkF |Calvin-Klinesville channery loams, 35 to 65 percent slopes---------------| 5,231 | 3.6

ClC |Caneyville silt loam, 8 to 15 percent slopes-----------------------------| 10 | *

ClD |Caneyville silt loam, 15 to 25 percent slopes----------------------------| 27 | *

ClE |Caneyville silt loam, 25 to 35 percent slopes----------------------------| 171 | 0.1

CnF |Caneyville silty clay loam, 35 to 65 percent slopes----------------------| 47 | *

CrB |Clarksburg gravelly silt loam, 3 to 8 percent slopes---------------------| 50 | *

CrC |Clarksburg gravelly silt loam, 8 to 15 percent slopes--------------------| 145 | *

CvB |Clearbrook-Cavode silt loams, 0 to 8 percent slopes----------------------| 991 | 0.7

Cz |Combs fine sandy loam----------------------------------------------------| 1,352 | 0.9

DkC |Dekalb channery sandy loam, 3 to 15 percent slopes, extremely stony------| 905 | 0.6

DrE |Dekalb-Rock outcrop complex, 15 to 25 percent slopes, rubbly-------------| 1,076 | 0.7

DsB |Downsville gravelly loam, 3 to 8 percent slopes--------------------------| 179 | 0.1

DsC |Downsville gravelly loam, 8 to 15 percent slopes-------------------------| 202 | 0.1

Dz |Dunning silty clay loam--------------------------------------------------| 114 | *

ErB |Ernest silt loam, 3 to 8 percent slopes----------------------------------| 203 | 0.1

ErC |Ernest silt loam, 8 to 15 percent slopes---------------------------------| 708 | 0.5

HaE |Hazleton-Dekalb complex, 15 to 35 percent slopes, extremely stony--------| 1,408 | 1.0

HaF |Hazleton-Dekalb complex, 35 to 65 percent slopes, extremely stony--------| 1,439 | 1.0

HdF |Hazleton-Dekalb-Rock outcrop complex, 35 to 65 percent slopes, rubbly----| 2,750 | 1.9

HeF |Hazleton-Dekalb-Rock outcrop complex, 35 to 65 percent slopes, very | |

 | rubbly------------------------------------------------------------------| 2,240 | 1.5

HlF |Hazleton-Lehew-Dekalb complex, 35 to 65 percent slopes, extremely stony--| 4,617 | 3.1

Ho |Holly silt loam----------------------------------------------------------| 1,318 | 0.9

HwB |Hustontown silt loam, 3 to 8 percent slopes------------------------------| 160 | 0.1

Ln |Lindside silt loam-------------------------------------------------------| 927 | 0.6

LzC |Litz channery silt loam, 8 to 15 percent slopes--------------------------| 344 | 0.2

LzD |Litz channery silt loam, 15 to 25 percent slopes-------------------------| 634 | 0.4

LzE |Litz channery silt loam, 25 to 35 percent slopes-------------------------| 150 | 0.1

LzF |Litz channery silt loam, 35 to 65 percent slopes-------------------------| 582 | 0.4

Me |Melvin silt loam---------------------------------------------------------| 658 | 0.4

MhA |Monongahela silt loam, 0 to 3 percent slopes-----------------------------| 113 | *

MhB |Monongahela silt loam, 3 to 8 percent slopes-----------------------------| 1,855 | 1.3

MhC |Monongahela silt loam, 8 to 15 percent slopes----------------------------| 1,864 | 1.3

MrC |Murrill gravelly loam, 8 to 15 percent slopes----------------------------| 143 | *

MrD |Murrill gravelly loam, 15 to 25 percent slopes---------------------------| 52 | *

MsC |Murrill loam, 3 to 15 percent slopes, extremely stony--------------------| 586 | 0.4

MsE |Murrill loam, 15 to 35 percent slopes, extremely stony-------------------| 1,186 | 0.8

Pg |Philo gravelly loam------------------------------------------------------| 342 | 0.2

 | | |

 See footnote at end of table.
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

363

Table 4.--Acreage and Proportionate Extent of the Soils--Continued

_______________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | |

 Map | Soil name | Acres |Percent

symbol | | |

_______|_________________________________________________________________________|____________|________

 | | |

Ph |Philo silt loam----------------------------------------------------------| 1,502 | 1.0

Ps |Pope fine sandy loam-----------------------------------------------------| 484 | 0.3

Px |Pope silt loam-----------------------------------------------------------| 125 | *

Pz |Pope-Philo fine sandy loams----------------------------------------------| 1,024 | 0.7

Qm |Quarry, limestone--------------------------------------------------------| 6 | *

Qo |Quarry, sandstone--------------------------------------------------------| 171 | 0.1

Qs |Quarry, shale------------------------------------------------------------| 2 | *

ReG |Rock outcrop-Opequon complex, 55 to 100 percent slopes-------------------| 158 | 0.1

RgG |Rock outcrop-Rough complex, 55 to 100 percent slopes---------------------| 897 | 0.6

RuD |Rushtown channery silt loam, 8 to 25 percent slopes----------------------| 21 | *

RuF |Rushtown channery silt loam, 35 to 65 percent slopes---------------------| 65 | *

ShC |Schaffenaker loamy sand, 3 to 15 percent slopes, very bouldery-----------| 34 | *

SkF |Schaffenaker-Rock outcrop complex, 35 to 65 percent slopes, rubbly-------| 413 | 0.3

SnE |Schaffenaker-Vanderlip loamy sands, 15 to 35 percent slopes, very | |

 | bouldery----------------------------------------------------------------| 82 | *

SnF |Schaffenaker-Vanderlip loamy sands, 35 to 65 percent slopes, very | |

 | bouldery----------------------------------------------------------------| 683 | 0.5

SxC |Sideling gravelly loam, 3 to 15 percent slopes, extremely stony----------| 1,299 | 0.9

SxE |Sideling gravelly loam, 15 to 35 percent slopes, extremely stony---------| 9,008 | 6.1

SyE |Sideling gravelly loam, 15 to 35 percent slopes, rubbly------------------| 1,584 | 1.1

Ta |Tioga fine sandy loam----------------------------------------------------| 777 | 0.5

TyA |Tygart silt loam, 0 to 3 percent slopes----------------------------------| 387 | 0.3

Ua |Udorthents, smoothed-----------------------------------------------------| 622 | 0.4

Uu |Urban land-Udorthents complex, 0 to 25 percent slopes--------------------| 339 | 0.2

W |Water--------------------------------------------------------------------| 714 | 0.5

WaB |Weikert channery silt loam, 3 to 8 percent slopes------------------------| 131 | *

WaC |Weikert channery silt loam, 8 to 15 percent slopes-----------------------| 1,583 | 1.1

WbC |Weikert-Berks channery silt loams, 8 to 15 percent slopes----------------| 9,854 | 6.7

WbD |Weikert-Berks channery silt loams, 15 to 25 percent slopes---------------| 16,307 | 11.1

WkF |Weikert-Berks very channery silt loams, 25 to 70 percent slopes----------| 23,047 | 15.7

 | |____________|________

 | Total---------------------------------------------------------------| 147,000 | 100.0

_______|_________________________________________________________________________|____________|________

 * Less than 0.1 percent. The combined extent of the soils assigned an asterisk in the “Percent”

column is about 1.2 percent of the survey area.
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

364

Table 5.--Land Capability and Yields per Acre of Crops and Pasture

(Yields are those that can be expected under a high level of management. They are for nonirrigated

 areas. Absence of a yield indicates that the soil is not suited to the crop or the crop generally

 is not grown on the soil.)

______________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | | |

 Map symbol | Land |Alfalfa hay | Corn |Grass-legume| Pasture | Wheat

 and soil name | capability | | | hay | |

_________________________|____________|____________|___________|____________|____________|____________

 | | Tons | Bu | Tons | AUM | Bu

 | | | | | |

AgB: | | | | | |

 Allegheny---------------| 2e | 5.00 | 115 | 3.50 | 7.00 | 50

 | | | | | |

AgC: | | | | | |

 Allegheny---------------| 3e | 4.50 | 105 | 3.00 | 7.00 | 45

 | | | | | |

AnB: | | | | | |

 Andover-----------------| 4w | --- | 85 | 2.50 | 5.00 | 30

 | | | | | |

Ba: | | | | | |

 Basher------------------| 2w | 4.50 | 120 | 3.50 | 8.50 | 50

 | | | | | |

BbC: | | | | | |

 Berks-------------------| 6s | --- | --- | --- | 4.50 | ---

 | | | | | |

BbE: | | | | | |

 Berks-------------------| 7s | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---

 | | | | | |

BcD----------------------| | 3.00 | 70 | 2.50 | 5.50 | 30

 Berks-------------------| 4e | | | | |

 Calvin------------------| 4e | | | | |

 | | | | | |

BcE----------------------| | --- | --- | --- | 4.50 | ---

 Berks-------------------| 6e | | | | |

 Calvin------------------| 6e | | | | |

 | | | | | |

BcF----------------------| | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---

 Berks-------------------| 7e | | | | |

 Calvin------------------| 7e | | | | |

 | | | | | |

BeB----------------------| | --- | 70 | 3.00 | 5.50 | 30

 Berks-------------------| 2e | | | | |

 Clearbrook--------------| 2e | | | | |

 | | | | | |

BeC----------------------| | --- | 65 | 2.50 | 5.00 | 25

 Berks-------------------| 3e | | | | |

 Clearbrook--------------| 3e | | | | |

 | | | | | |

BkB----------------------| | 3.00 | 70 | 2.50 | 5.00 | 30

 Berks-------------------| 3e | | | | |

 Weikert-----------------| 3e | | | | |

 | | | | | |

BqF: | | | | | |

 Blackthorn--------------| 7s | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---

 | | | | | |

BrB: | | | | | |

 Brinkerton--------------| 4w | --- | 90 | 2.50 | 5.00 | 40

 | | | | | |

BuB: | | | | | |

 Buchanan----------------| 2e | 3.50 | 100 | 3.00 | 6.50 | 45

 | | | | | |

BuC: | | | | | |

 Buchanan----------------| 3e | 3.50 | 90 | 3.00 | 5.50 | 40

 | | | | | |

BxC: | | | | | |

 Buchanan----------------| 7s | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---

 | | | | | |

BxE: | | | | | |

 Buchanan----------------| 7s | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---

 | | | | | |
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

365

Table 5.--Land Capability and Yields per Acre of Crops and Pasture--Continued

______________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | | |

 Map symbol | Land |Alfalfa hay | Corn |Grass-legume| Pasture | Wheat

 and soil name | capability | | | hay | |

_________________________|____________|____________|___________|____________|____________|____________

 | | Tons | Bu | Tons | AUM | Bu

 | | | | | |

CbB----------------------| | 3.50 | 80 | 3.00 | 6.50 | 35

 Calvin------------------| 2e | | | | |

 Berks-------------------| 2e | | | | |

 | | | | | |

CbC----------------------| | 3.50 | 75 | 2.50 | 6.00 | 30

 Calvin------------------| 3e | | | | |

 Berks-------------------| 3e | | | | |

 | | | | | |

CkB----------------------| | 3.50 | 75 | 2.50 | 6.00 | 30

 Calvin------------------| 3e | | | | |

 Klinesville-------------| 3e | | | | |

 | | | | | |

CkC----------------------| | 3.00 | 70 | 2.00 | 5.50 | 30

 Calvin------------------| 4e | | | | |

 Klinesville-------------| 4e | | | | |

 | | | | | |

CkD----------------------| | 2.50 | 60 | 2.00 | 5.00 | 25

 Calvin------------------| 6e | | | | |

 Klinesville-------------| 6e | | | | |

 | | | | | |

CkE----------------------| | --- | --- | --- | 4.50 | ---

 Calvin------------------| 7e | | | | |

 Klinesville-------------| 7e | | | | |

 | | | | | |

CkF----------------------| | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---

 Calvin------------------| 7e | | | | |

 Klinesville-------------| 7e | | | | |

 | | | | | |

ClC: | | | | | |

 Caneyville--------------| 4e | 3.50 | 85 | 3.00 | 6.50 | 40

 | | | | | |

ClD: | | | | | |

 Caneyville--------------| 6e | 3.00 | 75 | 2.50 | 5.50 | 35

 | | | | | |

ClE: | | | | | |

 Caneyville--------------| 7e | --- | --- | --- | 4.50 | ---

 | | | | | |

CnF: | | | | | |

 Caneyville--------------| 7e | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---

 | | | | | |

CrB: | | | | | |

 Clarksburg--------------| 2e | 3.50 | 100 | 3.00 | 6.50 | 40

 | | | | | |

CrC: | | | | | |

 Clarksburg--------------| 3e | 3.50 | 90 | 3.00 | 6.50 | 40

 | | | | | |

CvB----------------------| | --- | 80 | 3.00 | 6.50 | 35

 Clearbrook--------------| 3w | | | | |

 Cavode------------------| 3w | | | | |

 | | | | | |

Cz: | | | | | |

 Combs-------------------| 2w | 5.50 | 135 | 4.50 | 8.50 | 60

 | | | | | |

DkC: | | | | | |

 Dekalb------------------| 7s | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---

 | | | | | |

DrE----------------------| | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---

 Dekalb------------------| 7s | | | | |

 Rock outcrop------------| 8s | | | | |

 | | | | | |

DsB: | | | | | |

 Downsville--------------| 2e | 5.00 | 115 | 3.50 | 7.00 | 50

 | | | | | |
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

366

Table 5.--Land Capability and Yields per Acre of Crops and Pasture--Continued

______________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | | |

 Map symbol | Land |Alfalfa hay | Corn |Grass-legume| Pasture | Wheat

 and soil name | capability | | | hay | |

_________________________|____________|____________|___________|____________|____________|____________

 | | Tons | Bu | Tons | AUM | Bu

 | | | | | |

DsC: | | | | | |

 Downsville--------------| 3e | 4.50 | 105 | 3.00 | 7.00 | 45

 | | | | | |

Dz: | | | | | |

 Dunning-----------------| 4w | --- | 100 | 3.00 | 7.00 | 30

 | | | | | |

ErB: | | | | | |

 Ernest------------------| 2e | 3.00 | 100 | 3.00 | 6.50 | 45

 | | | | | |

ErC: | | | | | |

 Ernest------------------| 3e | 3.00 | 90 | 3.00 | 6.50 | 40

 | | | | | |

HaE----------------------| | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---

 Hazleton----------------| 7s | | | | |

 Dekalb------------------| 7s | | | | |

 | | | | | |

HaF----------------------| | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---

 Hazleton----------------| 7s | | | | |

 Dekalb------------------| 7s | | | | |

 | | | | | |

HdF----------------------| | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---

 Hazleton----------------| 7s | | | | |

 Dekalb------------------| 7s | | | | |

 Rock outcrop------------| 8s | | | | |

 | | | | | |

HeF----------------------| | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---

 Hazleton----------------| 8s | | | | |

 Dekalb------------------| 8s | | | | |

 Rock outcrop------------| 8s | | | | |

 | | | | | |

HlF----------------------| | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---

 Hazleton----------------| 7s | | | | |

 Lehew-------------------| 7s | | | | |

 Dekalb------------------| 7s | | | | |

 | | | | | |

Ho: | | | | | |

 Holly-------------------| 3w | --- | 100 | 3.00 | 5.50 | 45

 | | | | | |

HwB: | | | | | |

 Hustontown--------------| 2e | 3.00 | 100 | 3.00 | 6.50 | 45

 | | | | | |

Ln: | | | | | |

 Lindside----------------| 2w | 4.50 | 120 | 3.50 | --- | 55

 | | | | | |

LzC: | | | | | |

 Litz--------------------| 3e | 3.50 | 80 | 3.00 | 6.50 | 35

 | | | | | |

LzD: | | | | | |

 Litz--------------------| 4e | 3.00 | 70 | 2.50 | 5.50 | 30

 | | | | | |

LzE: | | | | | |

 Litz--------------------| 6e | --- | --- | --- | 4.50 | ---

 | | | | | |

LzF: | | | | | |

 Litz--------------------| 7e | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---

 | | | | | |

Me: | | | | | |

 Melvin------------------| 3w | --- | 115 | 3.00 | 6.00 | 50

 | | | | | |

MhA: | | | | | |

 Monongahela-------------| 2w | 3.50 | 110 | 3.00 | 6.50 | 40

 | | | | | |
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

367

Table 5.--Land Capability and Yields per Acre of Crops and Pasture--Continued

______________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | | |

 Map symbol | Land |Alfalfa hay | Corn |Grass-legume| Pasture | Wheat

 and soil name | capability | | | hay | |

_________________________|____________|____________|___________|____________|____________|____________

 | | Tons | Bu | Tons | AUM | Bu

 | | | | | |

MhB: | | | | | |

 Monongahela-------------| 2e | 3.50 | 100 | 3.00 | 6.50 | 40

 | | | | | |

MhC: | | | | | |

 Monongahela-------------| 3e | 3.00 | 90 | 3.00 | 6.50 | 35

 | | | | | |

MrC: | | | | | |

 Murrill-----------------| 3e | 4.00 | 110 | 3.00 | 7.50 | 40

 | | | | | |

MrD: | | | | | |

 Murrill-----------------| 4e | 4.00 | 95 | 3.00 | 7.00 | 35

 | | | | | |

MsC: | | | | | |

 Murrill-----------------| 6s | --- | --- | --- | 6.50 | ---

 | | | | | |

MsE: | | | | | |

 Murrill-----------------| 7s | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---

 | | | | | |

Pg: | | | | | |

 Philo-------------------| 2w | 3.50 | 115 | 3.00 | 7.50 | 50

 | | | | | |

Ph: | | | | | |

 Philo-------------------| 2w | 4.50 | 130 | 3.50 | 7.50 | 60

 | | | | | |

Ps: | | | | | |

 Pope--------------------| 2w | 4.50 | 125 | 3.50 | 8.00 | 55

 | | | | | |

Px: | | | | | |

 Pope--------------------| 2w | 5.00 | 130 | 4.00 | 8.00 | 60

 | | | | | |

Pz-----------------------| | --- | --- | --- | 7.00 | ---

 Pope--------------------| 5w | | | | |

 Philo-------------------| 5w | | | | |

 | | | | | |

Qm: | | | | | |

 Quarry, limestone. | | | | | |

 | | | | | |

Qo: | | | | | |

 Quarry, sandstone. | | | | | |

 | | | | | |

Qs: | | | | | |

 Quarry, shale. | | | | | |

 | | | | | |

ReG----------------------| | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---

 Rock outcrop------------| 8s | | | | |

 Opequon-----------------| 8s | | | | |

 | | | | | |

RgG----------------------| | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---

 Rock outcrop------------| 8s | | | | |

 Rough-------------------| 8s | | | | |

 | | | | | |

RuD: | | | | | |

 Rushtown----------------| 6e | --- | --- | --- | 5.00 | ---

 | | | | | |

RuF: | | | | | |

 Rushtown----------------| 7e | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---

 | | | | | |

ShC: | | | | | |

 Schaffenaker------------| 7s | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---

 | | | | | |

SkF----------------------| | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---

 Schaffenaker------------| 8s | | | | |

 Rock outcrop------------| 8s | | | | |

 | | | | | |
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

368

Table 5.--Land Capability and Yields per Acre of Crops and Pasture--Continued

______________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | | |

 Map symbol | Land |Alfalfa hay | Corn |Grass-legume| Pasture | Wheat

 and soil name | capability | | | hay | |

_________________________|____________|____________|___________|____________|____________|____________

 | | Tons | Bu | Tons | AUM | Bu

 | | | | | |

SnE----------------------| | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---

 Schaffenaker------------| 7s | | | | |

 Vanderlip---------------| 7s | | | | |

 | | | | | |

SnF----------------------| | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---

 Schaffenaker------------| 7s | | | | |

 Vanderlip---------------| 7s | | | | |

 | | | | | |

SxC: | | | | | |

 Sideling----------------| 6s | --- | --- | --- | 5.00 | ---

 | | | | | |

SxE: | | | | | |

 Sideling----------------| 7s | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---

 | | | | | |

SyE: | | | | | |

 Sideling----------------| 7s | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---

 | | | | | |

Ta: | | | | | |

 Tioga-------------------| 2w | 5.50 | 135 | 4.50 | 8.50 | 60

 | | | | | |

TyA: | | | | | |

 Tygart------------------| 3w | --- | 95 | 3.00 | 5.50 | 45

 | | | | | |

Ua: | | | | | |

 Udorthents. | | | | | |

 | | | | | |

Uu: | | | | | |

 Urban land. | | | | | |

 Udorthents. | | | | | |

 | | | | | |

WaB: | | | | | |

 Weikert-----------------| 3e | 2.00 | 60 | 2.50 | 3.50 | 25

 | | | | | |

WaC: | | | | | |

 Weikert-----------------| 4e | 2.00 | 55 | 2.00 | 3.00 | 20

 | | | | | |

WbC----------------------| | 2.50 | 65 | 2.50 | 4.50 | 25

 Weikert-----------------| 4e | | | | |

 Berks-------------------| 4e | | | | |

 | | | | | |

WbD----------------------| | --- | --- | --- | 3.50 | ---

 Weikert-----------------| 6e | | | | |

 Berks-------------------| 6e | | | | |

 | | | | | |

WkF----------------------| | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---

 Weikert-----------------| 7e | | | | |

 Berks-------------------| 7e | | | | |

_________________________|____________|____________|___________|____________|____________|____________
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

369

____________________________________________

 | |

 Capability | Capability | Acreage

 class | subclass |

______________|______________|______________

 | |

 Unclassified | --- | 1,854

 2 | e | 3,096

 2 | w | 6,087

 3 | e | 11,438

 3 | w | 3,354

 4 | e | 21,715

 4 | w | 233

 5 | w | 1,024

 6 | e | 24,240

 6 | s | 2,461

 7 | e | 34,856

 7 | s | 32,934

 8 | s | 3,708

______________|______________|______________

Table 7.--Prime Farmland

(Only the soils considered prime farmland are listed. Urban or

 built-up areas of the soils listed are not considered prime

 farmland.)

________________________________________________________________

 |

 Map | Soil name

symbol |

_______|________________________________________________________

 |

AgB | Allegheny loam, 3 to 8 percent slopes

Ba | Basher fine sandy loam

BuB | Buchanan gravelly loam, 3 to 8 percent slopes

CrB | Clarksburg gravelly silt loam, 3 to 8 percent slopes

Cz | Combs fine sandy loam

DsB | Downsville gravelly loam, 3 to 8 percent slopes

HwB | Hustontown silt loam, 3 to 8 percent slopes

Ln | Lindside silt loam

MhA | Monongahela silt loam, 0 to 3 percent slopes

Pg | Philo gravelly loam

Ph | Philo silt loam

Ps | Pope fine sandy loam

Px | Pope silt loam

Ta | Tioga fine sandy loam

_______|________________________________________________________

Table 6.--Acreage by Capability Class

and Subclass
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

370

Table 8a.--Agricultural Waste Management (Part 1)

(The information in this table indicates the dominant soil condition but does not eliminate the need

 for onsite investigation. The numbers in the value columns range from 0.01 to 1.00. The larger

 the value, the greater the limitation. See text for further explanation of ratings in this table.)

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 |Pct.| Application of manure | Application | Disposal of wastewater

 Map symbol | of |and food-processing waste| of sewage sludge | by irrigation

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

AgB: | | | | | | |

 Allegheny-----------| 80 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Too acid |0.02 | Too acid |0.07 | Too steep for |0.68

 | | | | | | surface |

 | | | | | | application |

 | | | | | | Too acid |0.07

 | | | | | | |

AgC: | | | | | | |

 Allegheny-----------| 80 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Too acid |0.02 | Too acid |0.07 | Too steep for |0.68

 | | | | | | surface |

 | | | | | | application |

 | | | | | | Too acid |0.07

 | | | | | | |

AnB: | | | | | | |

 Andover-------------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | Restricted |1.00 | Restricted |1.00 | Restricted |1.00

 | | permeability | | permeability | | permeability |

 | | Too acid |0.50 | Too acid |1.00 | Too acid |1.00

 | | Runoff |0.40 | | | Too steep for |0.08

 | | | | | | surface |

 | | | | | | application |

 | | | | | | |

Ba: | | | | | | |

 Basher--------------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | Flooding |0.60 | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |0.60

 | | Too acid |0.02 | Too acid |0.07 | Too acid |0.07

 | | | | | | |

BbC: | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 80 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Droughty |1.00 | Low adsorption |1.00 | Too acid |1.00

 | | Filtering |1.00 | Too acid |1.00 | Droughty |1.00

 | | capacity | | Droughty |1.00 | Too steep for |1.00

 | | Too acid |0.94 | Filtering |1.00 | surface |

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.90 | capacity | | application |

 | | Too stony |0.53 | Depth to bedrock |0.90 | Filtering |1.00

 | | | | | | capacity |

 | | | | | | Depth to bedrock |0.90

 | | | | | | |

BbE: | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Low adsorption |1.00 | Too acid |1.00

 | | Droughty |1.00 | Too acid |1.00 | Too steep for |1.00

 | | Filtering |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | surface |

 | | capacity | | Droughty |1.00 | application |

 | | Too acid |0.94 | Filtering |1.00 | Too steep for |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.90 | capacity | | sprinkler |

 | | | | | | application |

 | | | | | | Droughty |1.00

 | | | | | | Filtering |1.00

 | | | | | | capacity |

 | | | | | | |
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

371

Table 8a.--Agricultural Waste Management (Part 1)--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 |Pct.| Application of manure | Application | Disposal of wastewater

 Map symbol | of |and food-processing waste| of sewage sludge | by irrigation

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

BcD: | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 45 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Droughty |1.00 | Droughty |1.00

 | | Droughty |1.00 | Low adsorption |1.00 | Too steep for |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.95 | Slope |1.00 | surface |

 | | Too acid |0.73 | Too acid |1.00 | application |

 | | Filtering |0.01 | Depth to bedrock |0.95 | Too steep for |1.00

 | | capacity | | | | sprinkler |

 | | | | | | application |

 | | | | | | Too acid |1.00

 | | | | | | Depth to bedrock |0.95

 | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | |

 Calvin--------------| 40 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Low adsorption |1.00 | Too steep for |1.00

 | | Droughty |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | surface |

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.80 | Droughty |1.00 | application |

 | | Too acid |0.32 | Too acid |0.91 | Too steep for |1.00

 | | Filtering |0.01 | Depth to bedrock |0.80 | sprinkler |

 | | capacity | | | | application |

 | | | | | | Droughty |1.00

 | | | | | | Too acid |0.91

 | | | | | | Depth to bedrock |0.80

 | | | | | | |

BcE: | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 50 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Droughty |1.00 | Droughty |1.00

 | | Droughty |1.00 | Low adsorption |1.00 | Too steep for |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.95 | Slope |1.00 | surface |

 | | Too acid |0.73 | Too acid |1.00 | application |

 | | Filtering |0.01 | Depth to bedrock |0.95 | Too steep for |1.00

 | | capacity | | | | sprinkler |

 | | | | | | application |

 | | | | | | Too acid |1.00

 | | | | | | Depth to bedrock |0.95

 | | | | | | |

 Calvin--------------| 40 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Low adsorption |1.00 | Too steep for |1.00

 | | Droughty |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | surface |

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.80 | Droughty |1.00 | application |

 | | Too acid |0.32 | Too acid |0.91 | Too steep for |1.00

 | | Filtering |0.01 | Depth to bedrock |0.80 | sprinkler |

 | | capacity | | | | application |

 | | | | | | Droughty |1.00

 | | | | | | Too acid |0.91

 | | | | | | Depth to bedrock |0.80

 | | | | | | |

BcF: | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 50 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Droughty |1.00 | Droughty |1.00

 | | Droughty |1.00 | Low adsorption |1.00 | Too steep for |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.95 | Slope |1.00 | surface |

 | | Too acid |0.73 | Too acid |1.00 | application |

 | | Filtering |0.01 | Depth to bedrock |0.95 | Too steep for |1.00

 | | capacity | | | | sprinkler |

 | | | | | | application |

 | | | | | | Too acid |1.00

 | | | | | | Depth to bedrock |0.95

 | | | | | | |
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

372

Table 8a.--Agricultural Waste Management (Part 1)--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 |Pct.| Application of manure | Application | Disposal of wastewater

 Map symbol | of |and food-processing waste| of sewage sludge | by irrigation

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

BcF: | | | | | | |

 Calvin--------------| 40 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Low adsorption |1.00 | Too steep for |1.00

 | | Droughty |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | surface |

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.80 | Droughty |1.00 | application |

 | | Too acid |0.32 | Too acid |0.91 | Too steep for |1.00

 | | Filtering |0.01 | Depth to bedrock |0.80 | sprinkler |

 | | capacity | | | | application |

 | | | | | | Droughty |1.00

 | | | | | | Too acid |0.91

 | | | | | | Depth to bedrock |0.80

 | | | | | | |

BeB: | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 50 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Droughty |1.00 | Droughty |1.00 | Droughty |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.84 | Low adsorption |1.00 | Too acid |1.00

 | | Too acid |0.73 | Too acid |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |0.84

 | | Filtering |0.01 | Depth to bedrock |0.84 | Too steep for |0.68

 | | capacity | | Filtering |0.01 | surface |

 | | | | capacity | | application |

 | | | | | | Filtering |0.01

 | | | | | | capacity |

 | | | | | | |

 Clearbrook----------| 45 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Droughty |1.00 | Droughty |1.00

 | | saturated zone |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | | Droughty |0.97 | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.97 | Low adsorption |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |0.97

 | | Restricted |0.41 | Depth to bedrock |0.97 | Too acid |0.77

 | | permeability | | Too acid |0.77 | Too steep for |0.68

 | | Runoff |0.40 | | | surface |

 | | | | | | application |

 | | | | | | |

BeC: | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 55 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Droughty |1.00 | Droughty |1.00 | Droughty |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.84 | Low adsorption |1.00 | Too steep for |1.00

 | | Too acid |0.73 | Too acid |1.00 | surface |

 | | Slope |0.63 | Depth to bedrock |0.84 | application |

 | | Filtering |0.01 | Slope |0.63 | Too acid |1.00

 | | capacity | | | | Depth to bedrock |0.84

 | | | | | | Too steep for |0.78

 | | | | | | sprinkler |

 | | | | | | application |

 | | | | | | |

 Clearbrook----------| 40 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Droughty |1.00 | Droughty |1.00

 | | saturated zone | | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | | Droughty |1.00 | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.97 | Low adsorption |1.00 | Too steep for |1.00

 | | Slope |0.63 | Depth to bedrock |0.97 | surface |

 | | Restricted |0.41 | Too acid |0.77 | application |

 | | permeability | | | | Depth to bedrock |0.97

 | | | | | | Too steep for |0.78

 | | | | | | sprinkler |

 | | | | | | application |

 | | | | | | |
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

373

Table 8a.--Agricultural Waste Management (Part 1)--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 |Pct.| Application of manure | Application | Disposal of wastewater

 Map symbol | of |and food-processing waste| of sewage sludge | by irrigation

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

BkB: | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 45 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Droughty |1.00 | Droughty |1.00 | Droughty |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.84 | Low adsorption |1.00 | Too acid |1.00

 | | Too acid |0.73 | Too acid |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |0.84

 | | Filtering |0.01 | Depth to bedrock |0.84 | Too steep for |0.68

 | | capacity | | Filtering |0.01 | surface |

 | | | | capacity | | application |

 | | | | | | Filtering |0.01

 | | | | | | capacity |

 | | | | | | |

 Weikert-------------| 40 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Droughty |1.00 | Droughty |1.00

 | | Droughty |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Too acid |0.73 | Low adsorption |1.00 | Too acid |1.00

 | | Filtering |0.01 | Too acid |1.00 | Too steep for |0.68

 | | capacity | | Filtering |0.01 | surface |

 | | | | capacity | | application |

 | | | | | | Filtering |0.01

 | | | | | | capacity |

 | | | | | | |

BqF: | | | | | | |

 Blackthorn----------| 80 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Low adsorption |1.00 | Too acid |1.00

 | | Large stones on |1.00 | Large stones on |1.00 | Large stones on |1.00

 | | the surface | | the surface | | the surface |

 | | Too stony |1.00 | Too acid |1.00 | Too steep for |1.00

 | | Filtering |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | surface |

 | | capacity | | Filtering |1.00 | application |

 | | Too acid |0.94 | capacity | | Too steep for |1.00

 | | | | | | sprinkler |

 | | | | | | application |

 | | | | | | Filtering |1.00

 | | | | | | capacity |

 | | | | | | |

BrB: | | | | | | |

 Brinkerton----------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Restricted |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | | permeability | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Restricted |1.00 | Restricted |1.00

 | | saturated zone | | permeability | | permeability |

 | | Runoff |0.40 | Too acid |0.91 | Too acid |0.91

 | | Too acid |0.32 | | | Too steep for |0.68

 | | | | | | surface |

 | | | | | | application |

 | | | | | | |

BuB: | | | | | | |

 Buchanan------------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Restricted |1.00 | Restricted |1.00 | Restricted |1.00

 | | permeability | | permeability | | permeability |

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Too acid |1.00 | Too acid |1.00

 | | saturated zone | | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | | Too acid |0.62 | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | | | | | Too steep for |0.68

 | | | | | | surface |

 | | | | | | application |

 | | | | | | |
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

374

Table 8a.--Agricultural Waste Management (Part 1)--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 |Pct.| Application of manure | Application | Disposal of wastewater

 Map symbol | of |and food-processing waste| of sewage sludge | by irrigation

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

BuC: | | | | | | |

 Buchanan------------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Restricted |1.00 | Restricted |1.00 | Too steep for |1.00

 | | permeability | | permeability | | surface |

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Too acid |1.00 | application |

 | | saturated zone | | Depth to |1.00 | Restricted |1.00

 | | Slope |0.63 | saturated zone | | permeability |

 | | Too acid |0.62 | Slope |0.63 | Too acid |1.00

 | | | | | | Depth to |1.00

 | | | | | | saturated zone |

 | | | | | | Too steep for |0.78

 | | | | | | sprinkler |

 | | | | | | application |

 | | | | | | |

BxC: | | | | | | |

 Buchanan------------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Too stony |1.00 | Low adsorption |1.00 | Too acid |1.00

 | | Restricted |1.00 | Too acid |1.00 | Restricted |1.00

 | | permeability | | Restricted |1.00 | permeability |

 | | Large stones on |1.00 | permeability | | Too steep for |1.00

 | | the surface | | Large stones on |1.00 | surface |

 | | Filtering |1.00 | the surface | | application |

 | | capacity | | Filtering |1.00 | Large stones on |1.00

 | | Depth to |1.00 | capacity | | the surface |

 | | saturated zone | | | | Filtering |1.00

 | | | | | | capacity |

 | | | | | | |

BxE: | | | | | | |

 Buchanan------------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Low adsorption |1.00 | Too acid |1.00

 | | Too stony |1.00 | Too acid |1.00 | Too steep for |1.00

 | | Restricted |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | surface |

 | | permeability | | Restricted |1.00 | application |

 | | Large stones on |1.00 | permeability | | Too steep for |1.00

 | | the surface | | Large stones on |1.00 | sprinkler |

 | | Filtering |1.00 | the surface | | application |

 | | capacity | | | | Restricted |1.00

 | | | | | | permeability |

 | | | | | | Large stones on |1.00

 | | | | | | the surface |

 | | | | | | |

CbB: | | | | | | |

 Calvin--------------| 55 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Droughty |1.00 | Low adsorption |1.00 | Droughty |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.80 | Droughty |1.00 | Too acid |0.91

 | | Too acid |0.32 | Too acid |0.91 | Depth to bedrock |0.80

 | | Filtering |0.01 | Depth to bedrock |0.80 | Too steep for |0.68

 | | capacity | | Filtering |0.01 | surface |

 | | | | capacity | | application |

 | | | | | | Filtering |0.01

 | | | | | | capacity |

 | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 35 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Droughty |1.00 | Droughty |1.00 | Droughty |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.95 | Low adsorption |1.00 | Too acid |1.00

 | | Too acid |0.73 | Too acid |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |0.95

 | | Filtering |0.01 | Depth to bedrock |0.95 | Too steep for |0.68

 | | capacity | | Filtering |0.01 | surface |

 | | | | capacity | | application |

 | | | | | | Filtering |0.01

 | | | | | | capacity |
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

375

Table 8a.--Agricultural Waste Management (Part 1)--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 |Pct.| Application of manure | Application | Disposal of wastewater

 Map symbol | of |and food-processing waste| of sewage sludge | by irrigation

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

CbC: | | | | | | |

 Calvin--------------| 50 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Droughty |1.00 | Low adsorption |1.00 | Too steep for |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.80 | Droughty |1.00 | surface |

 | | Slope |0.63 | Too acid |0.91 | application |

 | | Too acid |0.32 | Depth to bedrock |0.80 | Droughty |1.00

 | | Filtering |0.01 | Slope |0.63 | Too acid |0.91

 | | capacity | | | | Depth to bedrock |0.80

 | | | | | | Too steep for |0.78

 | | | | | | sprinkler |

 | | | | | | application |

 | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 35 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Droughty |1.00 | Droughty |1.00 | Droughty |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.95 | Low adsorption |1.00 | Too steep for |1.00

 | | Too acid |0.73 | Too acid |1.00 | surface |

 | | Slope |0.63 | Depth to bedrock |0.95 | application |

 | | Filtering |0.01 | Slope |0.63 | Too acid |1.00

 | | capacity | | | | Depth to bedrock |0.95

 | | | | | | Too steep for |0.78

 | | | | | | sprinkler |

 | | | | | | application |

 | | | | | | |

CkB: | | | | | | |

 Calvin--------------| 65 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Droughty |1.00 | Low adsorption |1.00 | Droughty |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.80 | Droughty |1.00 | Too acid |0.91

 | | Too acid |0.32 | Too acid |0.91 | Depth to bedrock |0.80

 | | Filtering |0.01 | Depth to bedrock |0.80 | Too steep for |0.68

 | | capacity | | Filtering |0.01 | surface |

 | | | | capacity | | application |

 | | | | | | Filtering |0.01

 | | | | | | capacity |

 | | | | | | |

 Klinesville---------| 30 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Droughty |1.00 | Droughty |1.00

 | | Droughty |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Too acid |0.32 | Low adsorption |1.00 | Too acid |0.91

 | | Filtering |0.01 | Too acid |0.91 | Too steep for |0.68

 | | capacity | | Filtering |0.01 | surface |

 | | | | capacity | | application |

 | | | | | | Filtering |0.01

 | | | | | | capacity |

 | | | | | | |

CkC: | | | | | | |

 Calvin--------------| 65 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Droughty |1.00 | Low adsorption |1.00 | Too steep for |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.80 | Droughty |1.00 | surface |

 | | Slope |0.63 | Too acid |0.91 | application |

 | | Too acid |0.32 | Depth to bedrock |0.80 | Droughty |1.00

 | | Filtering |0.01 | Slope |0.63 | Too acid |0.91

 | | capacity | | | | Depth to bedrock |0.80

 | | | | | | Too steep for |0.78

 | | | | | | sprinkler |

 | | | | | | application |

 | | | | | | |
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

376

Table 8a.--Agricultural Waste Management (Part 1)--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 |Pct.| Application of manure | Application | Disposal of wastewater

 Map symbol | of |and food-processing waste| of sewage sludge | by irrigation

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

CkC: | | | | | | |

 Klinesville---------| 30 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Droughty |1.00 | Droughty |1.00

 | | Droughty |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Slope |0.63 | Low adsorption |1.00 | Too steep for |1.00

 | | Too acid |0.32 | Too acid |0.91 | surface |

 | | Filtering |0.01 | Slope |0.63 | application |

 | | capacity | | | | Too acid |0.91

 | | | | | | Too steep for |0.78

 | | | | | | sprinkler |

 | | | | | | application |

 | | | | | | |

CkD: | | | | | | |

 Calvin--------------| 65 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Low adsorption |1.00 | Too steep for |1.00

 | | Droughty |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | surface |

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.80 | Droughty |1.00 | application |

 | | Too acid |0.32 | Too acid |0.91 | Too steep for |1.00

 | | Filtering |0.01 | Depth to bedrock |0.80 | sprinkler |

 | | capacity | | | | application |

 | | | | | | Droughty |1.00

 | | | | | | Too acid |0.91

 | | | | | | Depth to bedrock |0.80

 | | | | | | |

 Klinesville---------| 30 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Droughty |1.00 | Droughty |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Droughty |1.00 | Low adsorption |1.00 | Too steep for |1.00

 | | Too acid |0.32 | Slope |1.00 | surface |

 | | Filtering |0.01 | Too acid |0.91 | application |

 | | capacity | | | | Too steep for |1.00

 | | | | | | sprinkler |

 | | | | | | application |

 | | | | | | Too acid |0.91

 | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | |

CkE: | | | | | | |

 Calvin--------------| 60 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Low adsorption |1.00 | Too steep for |1.00

 | | Droughty |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | surface |

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.80 | Droughty |1.00 | application |

 | | Too acid |0.32 | Too acid |0.91 | Too steep for |1.00

 | | Filtering |0.01 | Depth to bedrock |0.80 | sprinkler |

 | | capacity | | | | application |

 | | | | | | Droughty |1.00

 | | | | | | Too acid |0.91

 | | | | | | Depth to bedrock |0.80

 | | | | | | |

 Klinesville---------| 30 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Droughty |1.00 | Droughty |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Droughty |1.00 | Low adsorption |1.00 | Too steep for |1.00

 | | Too acid |0.32 | Slope |1.00 | surface |

 | | Filtering |0.01 | Too acid |0.91 | application |

 | | capacity | | | | Too steep for |1.00

 | | | | | | sprinkler |

 | | | | | | application |

 | | | | | | Too acid |0.91

 | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | |
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

377

Table 8a.--Agricultural Waste Management (Part 1)--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 |Pct.| Application of manure | Application | Disposal of wastewater

 Map symbol | of |and food-processing waste| of sewage sludge | by irrigation

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

CkF: | | | | | | |

 Calvin--------------| 45 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Low adsorption |1.00 | Too steep for |1.00

 | | Droughty |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | surface |

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.80 | Droughty |1.00 | application |

 | | Too acid |0.32 | Too acid |0.91 | Too steep for |1.00

 | | Filtering |0.01 | Depth to bedrock |0.80 | sprinkler |

 | | capacity | | | | application |

 | | | | | | Droughty |1.00

 | | | | | | Too acid |0.91

 | | | | | | Depth to bedrock |0.80

 | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | |

 Klinesville---------| 30 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Droughty |1.00 | Droughty |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Droughty |1.00 | Low adsorption |1.00 | Too steep for |1.00

 | | Too acid |0.32 | Slope |1.00 | surface |

 | | Filtering |0.01 | Too acid |0.91 | application |

 | | capacity | | | | Too steep for |1.00

 | | | | | | sprinkler |

 | | | | | | application |

 | | | | | | Too acid |0.91

 | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | |

ClC: | | | | | | |

 Caneyville----------| 90 |Somewhat limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.90 | Low adsorption |1.00 | Too steep for |1.00

 | | Droughty |0.80 | Depth to bedrock |0.90 | surface |

 | | Slope |0.63 | Droughty |0.80 | application |

 | | Restricted |0.41 | Slope |0.63 | Depth to bedrock |0.90

 | | permeability | | Restricted |0.31 | Droughty |0.80

 | | Too acid |0.02 | permeability | | Too steep for |0.78

 | | | | | | sprinkler |

 | | | | | | application |

 | | | | | | Restricted |0.31

 | | | | | | permeability |

 | | | | | | |

ClD: | | | | | | |

 Caneyville----------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Low adsorption |1.00 | Too steep for |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.90 | Slope |1.00 | surface |

 | | Droughty |0.80 | Depth to bedrock |0.90 | application |

 | | Restricted |0.41 | Droughty |0.80 | Too steep for |1.00

 | | permeability | | Restricted |0.31 | sprinkler |

 | | Too acid |0.02 | permeability | | application |

 | | | | | | Depth to bedrock |0.90

 | | | | | | Droughty |0.80

 | | | | | | Restricted |0.31

 | | | | | | permeability |

 | | | | | | |
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

378

Table 8a.--Agricultural Waste Management (Part 1)--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 |Pct.| Application of manure | Application | Disposal of wastewater

 Map symbol | of |and food-processing waste| of sewage sludge | by irrigation

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

ClE: | | | | | | |

 Caneyville----------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Low adsorption |1.00 | Too steep for |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.90 | Slope |1.00 | surface |

 | | Droughty |0.80 | Depth to bedrock |0.90 | application |

 | | Restricted |0.41 | Droughty |0.80 | Too steep for |1.00

 | | permeability | | Restricted |0.31 | sprinkler |

 | | Too acid |0.02 | permeability | | application |

 | | | | | | Depth to bedrock |0.90

 | | | | | | Droughty |0.80

 | | | | | | Restricted |0.31

 | | | | | | permeability |

 | | | | | | |

CnF: | | | | | | |

 Caneyville----------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Low adsorption |1.00 | Too steep for |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.90 | Slope |1.00 | surface |

 | | Droughty |0.84 | Depth to bedrock |0.90 | application |

 | | Restricted |0.41 | Droughty |0.84 | Too steep for |1.00

 | | permeability | | Restricted |0.31 | sprinkler |

 | | Too acid |0.02 | permeability | | application |

 | | | | | | Depth to bedrock |0.90

 | | | | | | Droughty |0.84

 | | | | | | Restricted |0.31

 | | | | | | permeability |

 | | | | | | |

CrB: | | | | | | |

 Clarksburg----------| 80 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | Restricted |0.81 | Restricted |0.68 | Too steep for |0.68

 | | permeability | | permeability | | surface |

 | | Too acid |0.11 | Too acid |0.42 | application |

 | | | | | | Restricted |0.68

 | | | | | | permeability |

 | | | | | | Too acid |0.42

 | | | | | | |

CrC: | | | | | | |

 Clarksburg----------| 80 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | Restricted |0.81 | Restricted |0.68 | Too steep for |1.00

 | | permeability | | permeability | | surface |

 | | Slope |0.63 | Slope |0.63 | application |

 | | Too acid |0.11 | Too acid |0.42 | Too steep for |0.78

 | | | | | | sprinkler |

 | | | | | | application |

 | | | | | | Restricted |0.68

 | | | | | | permeability |

 | | | | | | Too acid |0.42

 | | | | | | |

CvB: | | | | | | |

 Clearbrook----------| 50 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | Droughty |1.00 | Low adsorption |1.00 | Droughty |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.97 | Droughty |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |0.97

 | | Restricted |0.41 | Depth to bedrock |0.97 | Too acid |0.77

 | | permeability | | Too acid |0.77 | Restricted |0.31

 | | Runoff |0.40 | | | permeability |

 | | | | | | |
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

379

Table 8a.--Agricultural Waste Management (Part 1)--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 |Pct.| Application of manure | Application | Disposal of wastewater

 Map symbol | of |and food-processing waste| of sewage sludge | by irrigation

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

CvB: | | | | | | |

 Cavode--------------| 35 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Restricted |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | | permeability | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Low adsorption |1.00 | Restricted |1.00

 | | saturated zone | | Restricted |1.00 | permeability |

 | | Too acid |0.50 | permeability | | Too acid |1.00

 | | | | Too acid |1.00 | Too steep for |0.08

 | | | | | | surface |

 | | | | | | application |

 | | | | | | |

Cz: | | | | | | |

 Combs---------------| 85 |Somewhat limited | |Very limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Flooding |0.60 | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |0.60

 | | | | | | |

DkC: | | | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Filtering |1.00 | Filtering |1.00 | Filtering |1.00

 | | capacity | | capacity | | capacity |

 | | Too stony |1.00 | Low adsorption |1.00 | Too acid |1.00

 | | Droughty |1.00 | Too acid |1.00 | Droughty |1.00

 | | Large stones on |1.00 | Droughty |1.00 | Too steep for |1.00

 | | the surface | | Large stones on |1.00 | surface |

 | | Cobble content |0.98 | the surface | | application |

 | | | | | | Large stones on |1.00

 | | | | | | the surface |

 | | | | | | |

DrE: | | | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 70 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Filtering |1.00 | Filtering |1.00

 | | Filtering |1.00 | capacity | | capacity |

 | | capacity | | Low adsorption |1.00 | Too acid |1.00

 | | Large stones on |1.00 | Large stones on |1.00 | Large stones on |1.00

 | | the surface | | the surface | | the surface |

 | | Too stony |1.00 | Too acid |1.00 | Too steep for |1.00

 | | Droughty |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | surface |

 | | | | | | application |

 | | | | | | Too steep for |1.00

 | | | | | | sprinkler |

 | | | | | | application |

 | | | | | | |

 Rock outcrop--------| 15 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | |

DsB: | | | | | | |

 Downsville----------| 85 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Too acid |0.05 | Too acid |0.21 | Too steep for |0.68

 | | Filtering |0.01 | Filtering |0.01 | surface |

 | | capacity | | capacity | | application |

 | | | | | | Too acid |0.21

 | | | | | | Filtering |0.01

 | | | | | | capacity |

 | | | | | | |
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

380

Table 8a.--Agricultural Waste Management (Part 1)--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 |Pct.| Application of manure | Application | Disposal of wastewater

 Map symbol | of |and food-processing waste| of sewage sludge | by irrigation

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

DsC: | | | | | | |

 Downsville----------| 80 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |0.63 | Slope |0.63 | Too steep for |1.00

 | | Too acid |0.05 | Too acid |0.21 | surface |

 | | Filtering |0.01 | Filtering |0.01 | application |

 | | capacity | | capacity | | Too steep for |0.78

 | | | | | | sprinkler |

 | | | | | | application |

 | | | | | | Too acid |0.21

 | | | | | | Filtering |0.01

 | | | | | | capacity |

 | | | | | | |

Dz: | | | | | | |

 Dunning-------------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Restricted |1.00 | Restricted |1.00 | Restricted |1.00

 | | permeability | | permeability | | permeability |

 | | Ponding |1.00 | Ponding |1.00 | Ponding |1.00

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | Flooding |0.60 | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |0.60

 | | Runoff |0.40 | | | |

 | | | | | | |

ErB: | | | | | | |

 Ernest--------------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | Restricted |0.74 | Too acid |0.91 | Too acid |0.91

 | | permeability | | Restricted |0.60 | Too steep for |0.68

 | | Too acid |0.32 | permeability | | surface |

 | | | | | | application |

 | | | | | | Restricted |0.60

 | | | | | | permeability |

 | | | | | | |

ErC: | | | | | | |

 Ernest--------------| 80 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | Restricted |0.74 | Too acid |0.91 | Too steep for |1.00

 | | permeability | | Slope |0.63 | surface |

 | | Slope |0.63 | Restricted |0.60 | application |

 | | Too acid |0.32 | permeability | | Too acid |0.91

 | | | | | | Too steep for |0.78

 | | | | | | sprinkler |

 | | | | | | application |

 | | | | | | Restricted |0.60

 | | | | | | permeability |

 | | | | | | |

HaE: | | | | | | |

 Hazleton------------| 45 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Low adsorption |1.00 | Too acid |1.00

 | | Too stony |1.00 | Too acid |1.00 | Too steep for |1.00

 | | Large stones on |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | surface |

 | | the surface | | Large stones on |1.00 | application |

 | | Filtering |1.00 | the surface | | Too steep for |1.00

 | | capacity | | Filtering |1.00 | sprinkler |

 | | Cobble content |0.98 | capacity | | application |

 | | | | | | Large stones on |1.00

 | | | | | | the surface |

 | | | | | | Filtering |1.00

 | | | | | | capacity |

 | | | | | | |
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

381

Table 8a.--Agricultural Waste Management (Part 1)--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 |Pct.| Application of manure | Application | Disposal of wastewater

 Map symbol | of |and food-processing waste| of sewage sludge | by irrigation

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

HaE: | | | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 40 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Filtering |1.00 | Filtering |1.00

 | | Filtering |1.00 | capacity | | capacity |

 | | capacity | | Low adsorption |1.00 | Too acid |1.00

 | | Too stony |1.00 | Too acid |1.00 | Too steep for |1.00

 | | Droughty |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | surface |

 | | Large stones on |1.00 | Droughty |1.00 | application |

 | | the surface | | | | Too steep for |1.00

 | | | | | | sprinkler |

 | | | | | | application |

 | | | | | | Droughty |1.00

 | | | | | | |

HaF: | | | | | | |

 Hazleton------------| 55 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Low adsorption |1.00 | Too acid |1.00

 | | Too stony |1.00 | Too acid |1.00 | Too steep for |1.00

 | | Large stone on |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | surface |

 | | the surface | | Large stones on |1.00 | application |

 | | Filtering |1.00 | the surface | | Too steep for |1.00

 | | capacity | | Filtering |1.00 | sprinkler |

 | | Cobble content |0.98 | capacity | | application |

 | | | | | | Large stones on |1.00

 | | | | | | the surface |

 | | | | | | Filtering |1.00

 | | | | | | capacity |

 | | | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 25 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Filtering |1.00 | Filtering |1.00

 | | Filtering |1.00 | capacity | | capacity |

 | | capacity | | Low adsorption |1.00 | Too acid |1.00

 | | Too stony |1.00 | Too acid |1.00 | Too steep for |1.00

 | | Droughty |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | surface |

 | | Large stones on |1.00 | Droughty |1.00 | application |

 | | the surface | | | | Too steep for |1.00

 | | | | | | sprinkler |

 | | | | | | application |

 | | | | | | Droughty |1.00

 | | | | | | |

HdF: | | | | | | |

 Hazleton------------| 55 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Low adsorption |1.00 | Too acid |1.00

 | | Large stones on |1.00 | Large stones on |1.00 | Large stones on |1.00

 | | the surface | | the surface | | the surface |

 | | Too stony |1.00 | Too acid |1.00 | Too steep for |1.00

 | | Filtering |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | surface |

 | | capacity | | Filtering |1.00 | application |

 | | Cobble content |0.98 | capacity | | Too steep for |1.00

 | | | | | | sprinkler |

 | | | | | | application |

 | | | | | | Filtering |1.00

 | | | | | | capacity |

 | | | | | | |
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

382

Table 8a.--Agricultural Waste Management (Part 1)--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 |Pct.| Application of manure | Application | Disposal of wastewater

 Map symbol | of |and food-processing waste| of sewage sludge | by irrigation

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

HdF: | | | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 25 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Filtering |1.00 | Filtering |1.00

 | | Filtering |1.00 | capacity | | capacity |

 | | capacity |1.00 | Low adsorption |1.00 | Too acid |1.00

 | | Large stones on |1.00 | Large stones on |1.00 | Large stones on |1.00

 | | the surface | | the surface | | the surface |

 | | Too stony |1.00 | Too acid |1.00 | Too steep for |1.00

 | | Droughty |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | surface |

 | | | | | | application |

 | | | | | | Too steep for |1.00

 | | | | | | sprinkler |

 | | | | | | application |

 | | | | | | |

 Rock outcrop--------| 15 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | |

HeF: | | | | | | |

 Hazleton------------| 55 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Low adsorption |1.00 | Too acid |1.00

 | | Large stones on |1.00 | Large stones on |1.00 | Large stones on |1.00

 | | the surface | | the surface | | the surface |

 | | Too stony |1.00 | Too acid |1.00 | Too steep for |1.00

 | | Filtering |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | surface |

 | | capacity | | Filtering |1.00 | application |

 | | Cobble content |0.98 | capacity | | Too steep for |1.00

 | | | | | | sprinkler |

 | | | | | | application |

 | | | | | | Filtering |1.00

 | | | | | | capacity |

 | | | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 25 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Filtering |1.00 | Filtering |1.00

 | | Filtering |1.00 | capacity | | capacity |

 | | capacity | | Low adsorption |1.00 | Too acid |1.00

 | | Large stones on |1.00 | Large stones on |1.00 | Large stones on |1.00

 | | the surface | | the surface | | the surface |

 | | Too stony |1.00 | Too acid |1.00 | Too steep for |1.00

 | | Droughty |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | surface |

 | | | | | | application |

 | | | | | | Too steep for |1.00

 | | | | | | sprinkler |

 | | | | | | application |

 | | | | | | |

 Rock outcrop--------| 15 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | |

HlF: | | | | | | |

 Hazleton------------| 50 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Low adsorption |1.00 | Too acid |1.00

 | | Too stony |1.00 | Too acid |1.00 | Too steep for |1.00

 | | Large stones on |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | surface |

 | | the surface | | Large stones on |1.00 | application |

 | | Filtering |1.00 | the surface | | Too steep for |1.00

 | | capacity | | Filtering |1.00 | sprinkler |

 | | Cobble content |0.98 | capacity | | application |

 | | | | | | Large stones on |1.00

 | | | | | | the surface |

 | | | | | | Filtering |1.00

 | | | | | | capacity |

 | | | | | | |
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

383

Table 8a.--Agricultural Waste Management (Part 1)--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 |Pct.| Application of manure | Application | Disposal of wastewater

 Map symbol | of |and food-processing waste| of sewage sludge | by irrigation

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

HlF: | | | | | | |

 Lehew---------------| 20 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Low adsorption |1.00 | Too acid |1.00

 | | Too stony |1.00 | Too acid |1.00 | Too steep for |1.00

 | | Large stones on |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | surface |

 | | the surface | | Large stones on |1.00 | application |

 | | Filtering |1.00 | the surface | | Too steep for |1.00

 | | capacity | | Filtering |1.00 | sprinkler |

 | | Droughty |0.99 | capacity | | application |

 | | | | | | Large stones on |1.00

 | | | | | | the surface |

 | | | | | | Filtering |1.00

 | | | | | | capacity |

 | | | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 15 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Filtering |1.00 | Filtering |1.00

 | | Filtering |1.00 | capacity | | capacity |

 | | capacity | | Low adsorption |1.00 | Too acid |1.00

 | | Too stony |1.00 | Too acid |1.00 | Too steep for |1.00

 | | Droughty |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | surface |

 | | Large stones on |1.00 | Droughty |1.00 | application |

 | | the surface | | | | Too steep for |1.00

 | | | | | | sprinkler |

 | | | | | | application |

 | | | | | | Droughty |1.00

 | | | | | | |

Ho: | | | | | | |

 Holly---------------| 80 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Ponding |1.00 | Ponding |1.00 | Ponding |1.00

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00

 | | Leaching |0.50 | | | |

 | | | | | | |

HwB: | | | | | | |

 Hustontown----------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | Restricted |0.41 | Too acid |0.42 | Too steep for |0.68

 | | permeability | | Restricted |0.31 | surface |

 | | Too acid |0.11 | permeability | | application |

 | | | | | | Too acid |0.42

 | | | | | | Restricted |0.31

 | | | | | | permeability |

 | | | | | | |

Ln: | | | | | | |

 Lindside------------| 80 |Somewhat limited | |Very limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Depth to |0.95 | Flooding |1.00 | Depth to |0.95

 | | saturated zone | | Depth to |0.95 | saturated zone |

 | | Flooding |0.60 | saturated zone | | Flooding |0.60

 | | | | | | |
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

384

Table 8a.--Agricultural Waste Management (Part 1)--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 |Pct.| Application of manure | Application | Disposal of wastewater

 Map symbol | of |and food-processing waste| of sewage sludge | by irrigation

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

LzC: | | | | | | |

 Litz----------------| 90 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Filtering |1.00 | Low adsorption |1.00 | Too acid |1.00

 | | capacity | | Too acid |1.00 | Too steep for |1.00

 | | Too acid |0.94 | Filtering |1.00 | surface |

 | | Droughty |0.74 | capacity | | application |

 | | Slope |0.50 | Droughty |0.74 | Filtering |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.35 | Slope |0.50 | capacity |

 | | | | | | Droughty |0.74

 | | | | | | Too steep for |0.70

 | | | | | | sprinkler |

 | | | | | | application |

 | | | | | | |

LzD: | | | | | | |

 Litz----------------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Low adsorption |1.00 | Too acid |1.00

 | | Filtering |1.00 | Too acid |1.00 | Too steep for |1.00

 | | capacity | | Slope |1.00 | surface |

 | | Too acid |0.94 | Filtering |1.00 | application |

 | | Droughty |0.74 | capacity | | Too steep for |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.35 | Droughty |0.74 | sprinkler |

 | | | | | | application |

 | | | | | | Filtering |1.00

 | | | | | | capacity |

 | | | | | | Droughty |0.74

 | | | | | | |

LzE: | | | | | | |

 Litz----------------| 80 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Low adsorption |1.00 | Too acid |1.00

 | | Filtering |1.00 | Too acid |1.00 | Too steep for |1.00

 | | capacity | | Slope |1.00 | surface |

 | | Too acid |0.94 | Filtering |1.00 | application |

 | | Droughty |0.74 | capacity | | Too steep for |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.35 | Droughty |0.74 | sprinkler |

 | | | | | | application |

 | | | | | | Filtering |1.00

 | | | | | | capacity |

 | | | | | | Droughty |0.74

 | | | | | | |

LzF: | | | | | | |

 Litz----------------| 80 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Low adsorption |1.00 | Too acid |1.00

 | | Filtering |1.00 | Too acid |1.00 | Too steep for |1.00

 | | capacity | | Slope |1.00 | surface |

 | | Too acid |0.94 | Filtering |1.00 | application |

 | | Droughty |0.74 | capacity | | Too steep for |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.35 | Droughty |0.74 | sprinkler |

 | | | | | | application |

 | | | | | | Filtering |1.00

 | | | | | | capacity |

 | | | | | | Droughty |0.74

 | | | | | | |

Me: | | | | | | |

 Melvin--------------| 90 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Ponding |1.00 | Ponding |1.00 | Ponding |1.00

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00

 | | Leaching |0.70 | | | |

 | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | |
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

385

Table 8a.--Agricultural Waste Management (Part 1)--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 |Pct.| Application of manure | Application | Disposal of wastewater

 Map symbol | of |and food-processing waste| of sewage sludge | by irrigation

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

MhA: | | | | | | |

 Monongahela---------| 80 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | Restricted |0.74 | Restricted |0.60 | Restricted |0.60

 | | permeability | | permeability | | permeability |

 | | Too acid |0.02 | Too acid |0.07 | Too acid |0.07

 | | | | | | |

MhB: | | | | | | |

 Monongahela---------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | Restricted |0.74 | Restricted |0.60 | Too steep for |0.68

 | | permeability | | permeability | | surface |

 | | Too acid |0.02 | Too acid |0.07 | application |

 | | | | | | Restricted |0.60

 | | | | | | permeability |

 | | | | | | Too acid |0.07

 | | | | | | |

MhC: | | | | | | |

 Monongahela---------| 80 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | Restricted |0.74 | Slope |0.63 | Too steep for |1.00

 | | permeability | | Restricted |0.60 | surface |

 | | Slope |0.63 | permeability | | application |

 | | Too acid |0.02 | Too acid |0.07 | Too steep for |0.78

 | | | | | | sprinkler |

 | | | | | | application |

 | | | | | | Restricted |0.60

 | | | | | | permeability |

 | | | | | | Too acid |0.07

 | | | | | | |

MrC: | | | | | | |

 Murrill-------------| 90 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |0.63 | Too acid |0.91 | Too steep for |1.00

 | | Too acid |0.32 | Slope |0.63 | surface |

 | | | | | | application |

 | | | | | | Too acid |0.91

 | | | | | | Too steep for |0.78

 | | | | | | sprinkler |

 | | | | | | application |

 | | | | | | |

MrD: | | | | | | |

 Murrill-------------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Too steep for |1.00

 | | Too acid |0.32 | Too acid |0.91 | surface |

 | | | | | | application |

 | | | | | | Too steep for |1.00

 | | | | | | sprinkler |

 | | | | | | application |

 | | | | | | Too acid |0.91

 | | | | | | |

MsC: | | | | | | |

 Murrill-------------| 85 |Very limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Too stony |1.00 | Too acid |0.91 | Too steep for |1.00

 | | Too acid |0.32 | Slope |0.04 | surface |

 | | Slope |0.04 | | | application |

 | | | | | | Too acid |0.91

 | | | | | | Too steep for |0.22

 | | | | | | sprinkler |

 | | | | | | application |
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

386

Table 8a.--Agricultural Waste Management (Part 1)--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 |Pct.| Application of manure | Application | Disposal of wastewater

 Map symbol | of |and food-processing waste| of sewage sludge | by irrigation

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

MsE: | | | | | | |

 Murrill-------------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Too steep for |1.00

 | | Too stony |1.00 | Too acid |0.91 | surface |

 | | Too acid |0.32 | | | application |

 | | | | | | Too steep for |1.00

 | | | | | | sprinkler |

 | | | | | | application |

 | | | | | | Too acid |0.91

 | | | | | | |

Pg: | | | | | | |

 Philo---------------| 75 |Somewhat limited | |Very limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Depth to |0.95 | Flooding |1.00 | Depth to |0.95

 | | saturated zone | | Depth to |0.95 | saturated zone |

 | | Flooding |0.60 | saturated zone | | Flooding |0.60

 | | Too acid |0.02 | Too acid |0.07 | Too acid |0.07

 | | Filtering |0.01 | Filtering |0.01 | Filtering |0.01

 | | capacity | | capacity | | capacity |

 | | | | | | |

Ph: | | | | | | |

 Philo---------------| 75 |Somewhat limited | |Very limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Depth to |0.95 | Flooding |1.00 | Depth to |0.95

 | | saturated zone | | Depth to |0.95 | saturated zone |

 | | Flooding |0.60 | saturated zone | | Flooding |0.60

 | | Too acid |0.02 | Too acid |0.07 | Too acid |0.07

 | | Filtering |0.01 | Filtering |0.01 | Filtering |0.01

 | | capacity | | capacity | | capacity |

 | | | | | | |

Ps: | | | | | | |

 Pope----------------| 90 |Somewhat limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Flooding |0.60 | Flooding |1.00 | Too acid |1.00

 | | Too acid |0.50 | Too acid |1.00 | Flooding |0.60

 | | Filtering |0.01 | Filtering |0.01 | Filtering |0.01

 | | capacity | | capacity | | capacity |

 | | | | | | |

Px: | | | | | | |

 Pope----------------| 90 |Somewhat limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Flooding |0.60 | Flooding |1.00 | Too acid |1.00

 | | Too acid |0.50 | Too acid |1.00 | Flooding |0.60

 | | | | | | |

Pz: | | | | | | |

 Pope----------------| 50 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00

 | | Too acid |0.73 | Too acid |1.00 | Too acid |1.00

 | | Filtering |0.01 | Filtering |0.01 | Filtering |0.01

 | | capacity | | capacity | | capacity |

 | | | | | | |

 Philo---------------| 30 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Too acid |1.00 | Too acid |1.00

 | | saturated zone | | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | | Too acid |0.73 | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | Filtering |0.01 | Filtering |0.01 | Filtering |0.01

 | | capacity | | capacity | | capacity |

 | | | | | | |

Qm: | | | | | | |

 Quarry, limestone---| 97 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | |

Qo: | | | | | | |

 Quarry, sandstone---| 95 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | |
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

387

Table 8a.--Agricultural Waste Management (Part 1)--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 |Pct.| Application of manure | Application | Disposal of wastewater

 Map symbol | of |and food-processing waste| of sewage sludge | by irrigation

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

Qs: | | | | | | |

 Quarry, shale-------| 96 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | |

ReG: | | | | | | |

 Rock outcrop--------| 50 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | |

 Opequon-------------| 40 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Droughty |1.00 | Droughty |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Droughty |1.00 | Low adsorption |1.00 | Too steep for |1.00

 | | | | Slope |1.00 | surface |

 | | | | | | application |

 | | | | | | Too steep for |1.00

 | | | | | | sprinkler |

 | | | | | | application |

 | | | | | | |

RgG: | | | | | | |

 Rock outcrop--------| 50 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | |

 Rough---------------| 45 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Droughty |1.00 | Droughty |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Droughty |1.00 | Low adsorption |1.00 | Too steep for |1.00

 | | Too acid |0.78 | Slope |1.00 | surface |

 | | Runoff |0.40 | Too acid |1.00 | application |

 | | | | | | Too steep for |1.00

 | | | | | | sprinkler |

 | | | | | | application |

 | | | | | | Too acid |1.00

 | | | | | | |

RuD: | | | | | | |

 Rushtown------------| 90 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Low adsorption |1.00 | Too acid |1.00

 | | Filtering |1.00 | Too acid |1.00 | Too steep for |1.00

 | | capacity | | Slope |1.00 | surface |

 | | Too acid |0.94 | Filtering |1.00 | application |

 | | Leaching |0.45 | capacity | | Too steep for |1.00

 | | | | | | sprinkler |

 | | | | | | application |

 | | | | | | Filtering |1.00

 | | | | | | capacity |

 | | | | | | |

RuF: | | | | | | |

 Rushtown------------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Low adsorption |1.00 | Too acid |1.00

 | | Filtering |1.00 | Too acid |1.00 | Too steep for |1.00

 | | capacity | | Slope |1.00 | surface |

 | | Too acid |0.94 | Filtering |1.00 | application |

 | | Leaching |0.45 | capacity | | Too steep for |1.00

 | | | | | | sprinkler |

 | | | | | | application |

 | | | | | | Filtering |1.00

 | | | | | | capacity |

 | | | | | | |
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

388

Table 8a.--Agricultural Waste Management (Part 1)--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 |Pct.| Application of manure | Application | Disposal of wastewater

 Map symbol | of |and food-processing waste| of sewage sludge | by irrigation

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

ShC: | | | | | | |

 Schaffenaker--------| 80 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Droughty |1.00 | Droughty |1.00 | Droughty |1.00

 | | Large stones on |1.00 | Low adsorption |1.00 | Too acid |1.00

 | | the surface | | Too acid |1.00 | Too steep for |1.00

 | | Filtering |1.00 | Large stones on |1.00 | surface |

 | | capacity | | the surface | | application |

 | | Too acid |0.94 | Filtering |1.00 | Large stones on |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.90 | capacity | | the surface |

 | | | | | | Filtering |1.00

 | | | | | | capacity |

 | | | | | | |

SkF: | | | | | | |

 Schaffenaker--------| 45 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Droughty |1.00 | Droughty |1.00

 | | Droughty |1.00 | Low adsorption |1.00 | Too acid |1.00

 | | Too stony |1.00 | Too acid |1.00 | Too steep for |1.00

 | | Large stones on |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | surface |

 | | the surface | | Large stones on |1.00 | application |

 | | Filtering |1.00 | the surface | | Too steep for |1.00

 | | capacity | | | | sprinkler |

 | | | | | | application |

 | | | | | | Large stones on |1.00

 | | | | | | the surface |

 | | | | | | |

 Rock outcrop--------| 40 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | |

SnE: | | | | | | |

 Schaffenaker--------| 45 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Droughty |1.00 | Droughty |1.00

 | | Droughty |1.00 | Low adsorption |1.00 | Too acid |1.00

 | | Large stones on |1.00 | Too acid |1.00 | Too steep for |1.00

 | | the surface | | Slope |1.00 | surface |

 | | Filtering |1.00 | Large stones on |1.00 | application |

 | | capacity | | the surface | | Too steep for |1.00

 | | Too acid |0.94 | | | sprinkler |

 | | | | | | application |

 | | | | | | Large stones on |1.00

 | | | | | | the surface |

 | | | | | | |

 Vanderlip-----------| 40 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Filtering |1.00 | Filtering |1.00

 | | Filtering |1.00 | capacity | | capacity |

 | | capacity | | Low adsorption |1.00 | Too acid |1.00

 | | Large stones on |1.00 | Too acid |1.00 | Too steep for |1.00

 | | the surface | | Slope |1.00 | surface |

 | | Too acid |0.94 | Large stones on |1.00 | application |

 | | Too stony |0.81 | the surface | | Too steep for |1.00

 | | | | | | sprinkler |

 | | | | | | application |

 | | | | | | Large stones on |1.00

 | | | | | | the surface |

 | | | | | | |
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

389

Table 8a.--Agricultural Waste Management (Part 1)--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 |Pct.| Application of manure | Application | Disposal of wastewater

 Map symbol | of |and food-processing waste| of sewage sludge | by irrigation

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

SnF: | | | | | | |

 Schaffenaker--------| 40 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Droughty |1.00 | Droughty |1.00

 | | Droughty |1.00 | Low adsorption |1.00 | Too acid |1.00

 | | Large stones on |1.00 | Too acid |1.00 | Too steep for |1.00

 | | the surface | | Slope |1.00 | surface |

 | | Filtering |1.00 | Large stones on |1.00 | application |

 | | capacity | | the surface | | Too steep for |1.00

 | | Too acid |0.94 | | | sprinkler |

 | | | | | | application |

 | | | | | | Large stones on |1.00

 | | | | | | the surface |

 | | | | | | |

 Vanderlip-----------| 40 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Filtering |1.00 | Filtering |1.00

 | | Filtering |1.00 | capacity | | capacity |

 | | capacity | | Low adsorption |1.00 | Too acid |1.00

 | | Large stones on |1.00 | Too acid |1.00 | Too steep for |1.00

 | | the surface | | Slope |1.00 | surface |

 | | Too acid |0.94 | Large stones on |1.00 | application |

 | | Too stony |0.81 | the surface | | Too steep for |1.00

 | | | | | | sprinkler |

 | | | | | | application |

 | | | | | | Large stones on |1.00

 | | | | | | the surface |

 | | | | | | |

SxC: | | | | | | |

 Sideling------------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Restricted |1.00 | Low adsorption |1.00 | Too acid |1.00

 | | permeability |1.00 | Too acid |1.00 | Restricted |1.00

 | | Too stony |1.00 | Restricted |1.00 | permeability |

 | | Large stones on |1.00 | permeability | | Too steep for |1.00

 | | the surface | | Large stones on |1.00 | surface |

 | | Filtering |1.00 | the surface | | application |

 | | capacity | | Filtering |1.00 | Large stones on |1.00

 | | Too acid |0.94 | capacity | | the surface |

 | | | | | | Filtering |1.00

 | | | | | | capacity |

 | | | | | | |

SxE: | | | | | | |

 Sideling------------| 80 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Low adsorption |1.00 | Too acid |1.00

 | | Restricted |1.00 | Too acid |1.00 | Too steep for |1.00

 | | permeability | | Slope |1.00 | surface |

 | | Too stony |1.00 | Restricted |1.00 | application |

 | | Large stones on |1.00 | permeability | | Too steep for |1.00

 | | the surface | | Large stones on |1.00 | sprinkler |

 | | Filtering |1.00 | the surface | | application |

 | | capacity | | | | Restricted |1.00

 | | | | | | permeability |

 | | | | | | Large stones on |1.00

 | | | | | | the surface |

 | | | | | | |
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

390

Table 8a.--Agricultural Waste Management (Part 1)--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 |Pct.| Application of manure | Application | Disposal of wastewater

 Map symbol | of |and food-processing waste| of sewage sludge | by irrigation

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

SyE: | | | | | | |

 Sideling------------| 80 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Low adsorption |1.00 | Too acid |1.00

 | | Restricted |1.00 | Large stones on |1.00 | Large stones on |1.00

 | | permeability | | the surface | | the surface |

 | | Large stones on |1.00 | Too acid |1.00 | Too steep for |1.00

 | | the surface | | Slope |1.00 | surface |

 | | Too stony |1.00 | Restricted |1.00 | application |

 | | Filtering |1.00 | permeability | | Too steep for |1.00

 | | capacity | | | | sprinkler |

 | | | | | | application |

 | | | | | | Restricted |1.00

 | | | | | | permeability |

 | | | | | | |

Ta: | | | | | | |

 Tioga---------------| 90 |Somewhat limited | |Very limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Flooding |0.60 | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |0.60

 | | Too acid |0.02 | Too acid |0.07 | Too acid |0.07

 | | | | | | |

TyA: | | | | | | |

 Tygart--------------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Restricted |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | | permeability | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Restricted |1.00 | Restricted |1.00

 | | saturated zone | | permeability | | permeability |

 | | Runoff |0.40 | Too acid |0.91 | Too acid |0.91

 | | Too acid |0.32 | | | |

 | | | | | | |

Ua: | | | | | | |

 Udorthents----------| 95 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | |

Uu: | | | | | | |

 Urban land----------| 45 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | |

 Udorthents----------| 45 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | |

WaB: | | | | | | |

 Weikert-------------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Droughty |1.00 | Droughty |1.00

 | | Droughty |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Too acid |0.78 | Low adsorption |1.00 | Too acid |1.00

 | | Filtering |0.01 | Too acid |1.00 | Too steep for |0.68

 | | capacity | | Filtering |0.01 | surface |

 | | | | capacity | | application |

 | | | | | | Filtering |0.01

 | | | | | | capacity |

 | | | | | | |

WaC: | | | | | | |

 Weikert-------------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Droughty |1.00 | Droughty |1.00

 | | Droughty |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Too acid |0.78 | Low adsorption |1.00 | Too steep for |1.00

 | | Slope |0.63 | Too acid |1.00 | surface |

 | | Filtering |0.01 | Slope |0.63 | application |

 | | capacity | | | | Too acid |1.00

 | | | | | | Too steep for |0.78

 | | | | | | sprinkler |

 | | | | | | application |

 | | | | | | |
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

391

Table 8a.--Agricultural Waste Management (Part 1)--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 |Pct.| Application of manure | Application | Disposal of wastewater

 Map symbol | of |and food-processing waste| of sewage sludge | by irrigation

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

WbC: | | | | | | |

 Weikert-------------| 45 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Droughty |1.00 | Droughty |1.00

 | | Droughty |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Too acid |0.78 | Low adsorption |1.00 | Too steep for |1.00

 | | Slope |0.63 | Too acid |1.00 | surface |

 | | Filtering |0.01 | Slope |0.63 | application |

 | | capacity | | | | Too acid |1.00

 | | | | | | Too steep for |0.78

 | | | | | | sprinkler |

 | | | | | | application |

 | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 40 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Droughty |1.00 | Droughty |1.00 | Droughty |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.84 | Low adsorption |1.00 | Too steep for |1.00

 | | Too acid |0.73 | Too acid |1.00 | surface |

 | | Slope |0.63 | Depth to bedrock |0.84 | application |

 | | Filtering |0.01 | Slope |0.63 | Too acid |1.00

 | | capacity | | | | Depth to bedrock |0.84

 | | | | | | Too steep for |0.78

 | | | | | | sprinkler |

 | | | | | | application |

 | | | | | | |

WbD: | | | | | | |

 Weikert-------------| 50 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Droughty |1.00 | Droughty |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Droughty |1.00 | Low adsorption |1.00 | Too steep for |1.00

 | | Too acid |0.78 | Slope |1.00 | surface |

 | | Filtering |0.01 | Too acid |1.00 | application |

 | | caapcity | | | | Too steep for |1.00

 | | | | | | sprinkler |

 | | | | | | application |

 | | | | | | Too acid |1.00

 | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 35 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Droughty |1.00 | Droughty |1.00

 | | Droughty |1.00 | Low adsorption |1.00 | Too steep for |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.95 | Slope |1.00 | surface |

 | | Too acid |0.73 | Too acid |1.00 | application |

 | | Filtering |0.01 | Depth to bedrock |0.95 | Too steep for |1.00

 | | capacity | | | | sprinkler |

 | | | | | | application |

 | | | | | | Too acid |1.00

 | | | | | | Depth to bedrock |0.95

 | | | | | | |

WkF: | | | | | | |

 Weikert-------------| 50 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Droughty |1.00 | Droughty |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Droughty |1.00 | Low adsorption |1.00 | Too acid |1.00

 | | Filtering |1.00 | Too acid |1.00 | Too steep for |1.00

 | | capacity | | Slope |1.00 | surface |

 | | Too acid |0.94 | | | application |

 | | | | | | Too steep for |1.00

 | | | | | | sprinkler |

 | | | | | | application |

 | | | | | | |
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

392

Table 8a.--Agricultural Waste Management (Part 1)--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 |Pct.| Application of manure | Application | Disposal of wastewater

 Map symbol | of |and food-processing waste| of sewage sludge | by irrigation

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

WkF: | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 35 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Low adsorption |1.00 | Too acid |1.00

 | | Droughty |1.00 | Too acid |1.00 | Too steep for |1.00

 | | Filtering |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | surface |

 | | capacity | | Droughty |1.00 | application |

 | | Too acid |0.94 | Filtering |1.00 | Too steep for |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.84 | capacity | | sprinkler |

 | | | | | | application |

 | | | | | | Droughty |1.00

 | | | | | | Filtering |1.00

 | | | | | | capacity |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

393

Table 8b.--Agricultural Waste Management (Part 2)

(The information in this table indicates the dominant soil condition but does not eliminate the need

 for onsite investigation. The numbers in the value columns range from 0.01 to 1.00. The larger

 the value, the greater the limitation. See text for further explanation of ratings in this table.)

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 |Pct.| Overland flow | Rapid infiltration | Slow rate treatment

 Map symbol | of | of wastewater | of wastewater | of wastewater

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

AgB: | | | | | | |

 Allegheny-----------| 80 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Restricted |1.00 | Too steep for |0.68

 | | Too acid |0.07 | permeability | | surface |

 | | | | Slope |0.50 | application |

 | | | | | | Too acid |0.07

 | | | | | | |

AgC: | | | | | | |

 Allegheny-----------| 80 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Restricted |1.00 | Too steep for |0.68

 | | Too acid |0.07 | permeability | | surface |

 | | | | Slope |0.50 | application |

 | | | | | | Too acid |0.07

 | | | | | | |

AnB: | | | | | | |

 Andover-------------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Restricted |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | | Depth to |1.00 | permeability | | saturated zone |

 | | saturated zone | | Depth to |1.00 | Too acid |1.00

 | | Too acid |1.00 | saturated zone | | Restricted |0.96

 | | | | | | permeability |

 | | | | | | Too steep for |0.08

 | | | | | | surface |

 | | | | | | application |

Ba: | | | | | | |

 Basher--------------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | | Seepage |1.00 | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Restricted |1.00 | Flooding |0.60

 | | saturated zone | | permeability | | Too acid |0.07

 | | Too acid |0.07 | Flooding |0.60 | |

 | | | | Too acid |0.03 | |

 | | | | | | |

BbC: | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 80 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Too acid |1.00

 | | Too acid |1.00 | Restricted |0.62 | Too steep for |1.00

 | | Too steep for |0.50 | permeability | | surface |

 | | surface | | Too acid |0.14 | application |

 | | application | | Cobble content |0.01 | Filtering |1.00

 | | | | | | capacity |

 | | | | | | Too steep for |0.50

 | | | | | | sprinkler |

 | | | | | | application |

 | | | | | | |

BbE: | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Too acid |1.00

 | | Too acid |1.00 | Restricted |0.62 | Too steep for |1.00

 | | Too steep for |1.00 | permeability | | surface |

 | | surface | | Too acid |0.14 | application |

 | | application | | Cobble content |0.01 | Too steep for |1.00

 | | | | | | sprinkler |

 | | | | | | application |

 | | | | | | Filtering |1.00

 | | | | | | capacity |
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

394

Table 8b.--Agricultural Waste Management (Part 2)--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 |Pct.| Overland flow | Rapid infiltration | Slow rate treatment

 Map symbol | of | of wastewater | of wastewater | of wastewater

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

BcD: | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 45 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Too steep for |1.00

 | | Too steep for |1.00 | Restricted |0.61 | surface |

 | | surface | | permeability | | application |

 | | application | | Too acid |0.14 | Too steep for |1.00

 | | Too acid |1.00 | Cobble content |0.01 | sprinkler |

 | | | | | | application |

 | | | | | | Too acid |1.00

 | | | | | | Filtering |0.01

 | | | | | | capacity |

 | | | | | | |

 Calvin--------------| 40 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Too steep for |1.00

 | | Too steep for |1.00 | Restricted |0.31 | surface |

 | | surface | | permeability | | application |

 | | application | | | | Too steep for |1.00

 | | Too acid |0.91 | | | sprinkler |

 | | | | | | application |

 | | | | | | Too acid |0.91

 | | | | | | Filtering |0.01

 | | | | | | capacity |

BcE: | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 50 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Too steep for |1.00

 | | Too steep for |1.00 | Restricted |0.61 | surface |

 | | surface | | permeability | | application |

 | | application | | Too acid |0.14 | Too steep for |1.00

 | | Too acid |1.00 | Cobble content |0.01 | sprinkler |

 | | | | | | application |

 | | | | | | Too acid |1.00

 | | | | | | Filtering |0.01

 | | | | | | capacity |

 | | | | | | |

 Calvin--------------| 40 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Too steep for |1.00

 | | Too steep for |1.00 | Restricted |0.31 | surface |

 | | surface | | permeability | | application |

 | | application | | | | Too steep for |1.00

 | | Too acid |0.91 | | | sprinkler |

 | | | | | | application |

 | | | | | | Too acid |0.91

 | | | | | | Filtering |0.01

 | | | | | | capacity |

 | | | | | | |

BcF: | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 50 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Too steep for |1.00

 | | Too steep for |1.00 | Restricted |0.61 | surface |

 | | surface | | permeability | | application |

 | | application | | Too acid |0.14 | Too steep for |1.00

 | | Too acid |1.00 | Cobble content |0.01 | sprinkler |

 | | | | | | application |

 | | | | | | Too acid |1.00

 | | | | | | Filtering |0.01

 | | | | | | capacity |
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

395

Table 8b.--Agricultural Waste Management (Part 2)--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 |Pct.| Overland flow | Rapid infiltration | Slow rate treatment

 Map symbol | of | of wastewater | of wastewater | of wastewater

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

BcF: | | | | | | |

 Calvin--------------| 40 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Too steep for |1.00

 | | Too steep for |1.00 | Restricted |0.31 | surface |

 | | surface | | permeability | | application |

 | | application | | | | Too steep for |1.00

 | | Too acid |0.91 | | | sprinkler |

 | | | | | | application |

 | | | | | | Too acid |0.91

 | | | | | | Filtering |0.01

 | | | | | | capacity |

 | | | | | | |

BeB: | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 50 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Restricted |0.61 | Too acid |1.00

 | | Too acid |1.00 | permeability | | Too steep for |0.68

 | | | | Slope |0.50 | surface |

 | | | | Too acid |0.14 | application |

 | | | | Cobble content |0.01 | Filtering |0.01

 | | | | | | capacity |

 | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | |

 Clearbrook----------| 45 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Restricted |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | | Depth to |1.00 | permeability | | saturated zone |

 | | saturated zone | | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | saturated zone | | Too acid |0.77

 | | Too acid |0.77 | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Too steep for |0.68

 | | Cobble content |0.35 | Cobble content |0.72 | surface |

 | | | | Slope |0.50 | application |

 | | | | | | Restricted |0.21

 | | | | | | permeability |

 | | | | | | |

BeC: | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 55 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Too steep for |1.00

 | | Too acid |1.00 | Restricted |0.61 | surface |

 | | Too steep for |1.00 | permeability | | application |

 | | surface | | Too acid |0.14 | Too acid |1.00

 | | application | | Cobble content |0.01 | Too steep for |1.00

 | | | | | | sprinkler |

 | | | | | | application |

 | | | | | | Filtering |0.01

 | | | | | | capacity |

 | | | | | | |

 Clearbrook----------| 40 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Restricted |1.00 | saturated zone |

 | | saturated zone | | permeability | | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Too steep for |1.00

 | | Too steep for |1.00 | saturated zone | | surface |

 | | surface | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | application |

 | | application | | Cobble content |0.72 | Too steep for |1.00

 | | Too acid |0.77 | | | sprinkler |

 | | | | | | application |

 | | | | | | Too acid |0.77

 | | | | | | |
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

396

Table 8b.--Agricultural Waste Management (Part 2)--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 |Pct.| Overland flow | Rapid infiltration | Slow rate treatment

 Map symbol | of | of wastewater | of wastewater | of wastewater

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

BkB: | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 45 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Restricted |0.61 | Too acid |1.00

 | | Too acid |1.00 | permeability | | Too steep for |0.68

 | | | | Slope |0.50 | surface |

 | | | | Too acid |0.14 | application |

 | | | | Cobble content |0.01 | Filtering |0.01

 | | | | | | capacity |

 | | | | | | |

 Weikert-------------| 40 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Slope |0.50 | Too acid |1.00

 | | Too acid |1.00 | Restricted |0.31 | Too steep for |0.68

 | | | | permeability | | surface |

 | | | | Too acid |0.21 | application |

 | | | | | | Filtering |0.01

 | | | | | | capacity |

 | | | | | | |

BqF: | | | | | | |

 Blackthorn----------| 80 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Too acid |1.00

 | | Too acid |1.00 | Restricted |1.00 | Large stones on |1.00

 | | Too steep for |1.00 | permeability | | the surface |

 | | surface | | Too acid |0.77 | Too steep for |1.00

 | | application | | | | surface |

 | | Cobble content |0.01 | | | application |

 | | | | | | Too steep for |1.00

 | | | | | | sprinkler |

 | | | | | | application |

 | | | | | | Filtering |1.00

 | | | | | | capacity |

 | | | | | | |

BrB: | | | | | | |

 Brinkerton----------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Restricted |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | | saturated zone | | permeability | | saturated zone |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Restricted |0.96

 | | Too acid |0.91 | saturated zone | | permeability |

 | | | | Slope |0.50 | Too acid |0.91

 | | | | | | Too steep for |0.68

 | | | | | | surface |

 | | | | | | application |

 | | | | | | |

BuB: | | | | | | |

 Buchanan------------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Restricted |1.00 | Too acid |1.00

 | | Too acid |1.00 | permeability | | Depth to |1.00

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | saturated zone |

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | Restricted |0.68

 | | | | Slope |0.50 | permeability |

 | | | | Too acid |0.03 | Too steep for |0.68

 | | | | | | surface |

 | | | | | | application |

 | | | | | | |
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

397

Table 8b.--Agricultural Waste Management (Part 2)--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 |Pct.| Overland flow | Rapid infiltration | Slow rate treatment

 Map symbol | of | of wastewater | of wastewater | of wastewater

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

BuC: | | | | | | |

 Buchanan------------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Too steep for |1.00

 | | Too acid |1.00 | Restricted |1.00 | surface |

 | | Too steep for |1.00 | permeability | | application |

 | | surface | | Depth to |1.00 | Too acid |1.00

 | | application | | saturated zone | | Too steep for |1.00

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Too acid |0.03 | sprinkler |

 | | saturated zone | | | | application |

 | | | | | | Depth to |1.00

 | | | | | | saturated zone |

 | | | | | | Restricted |0.96

 | | | | | | permeability |

 | | | | | | |

BxC: | | | | | | |

 Buchanan------------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Restricted |1.00 | Too acid |1.00

 | | Too acid |1.00 | permeability | | Too steep for |1.00

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | surface |

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | application |

 | | Too steep for |0.50 | Slope |1.00 | Large stones on |1.00

 | | surface | | Too acid |0.77 | the surface |

 | | application | | | | Filtering |1.00

 | | | | | | capacity |

 | | | | | | Depth to |1.00

 | | | | | | saturated zone |

 | | | | | | |

BxE: | | | | | | |

 Buchanan------------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Too acid |1.00

 | | Too acid |1.00 | Restricted |1.00 | Too steep for |1.00

 | | Too steep for |1.00 | permeability | | surface |

 | | surface | | Depth to |1.00 | application |

 | | application | | saturated zone | | Too steep for |1.00

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Too acid |0.21 | sprinkler |

 | | saturated zone | | | | application |

 | | | | | | Large stones on |1.00

 | | | | | | the surface |

 | | | | | | Filtering |1.00

 | | | | | | capacity |

 | | | | | | |

CbB: | | | | | | |

 Calvin--------------| 55 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Slope |0.50 | Too acid |0.91

 | | Too acid |0.91 | Restricted |0.31 | Too steep for |0.68

 | | | | permeability | | surface |

 | | | | | | application |

 | | | | | | Filtering |0.01

 | | | | | | capacity |

 | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 35 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Restricted |0.61 | Too acid |1.00

 | | Too acid |1.00 | permeability | | Too steep for |0.68

 | | | | Slope |0.50 | surface |

 | | | | Too acid |0.14 | application |

 | | | | Cobble content |0.01 | Filtering |0.01

 | | | | | | capacity | | | | | | | |
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

398

Table 8b.--Agricultural Waste Management (Part 2)--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 |Pct.| Overland flow | Rapid infiltration | Slow rate treatment

 Map symbol | of | of wastewater | of wastewater | of wastewater

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

CbC: | | | | | | |

 Calvin--------------| 50 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Too steep for |1.00

 | | Too steep for |1.00 | Restricted |0.31 | surface |

 | | surface | | permeability | | application |

 | | application | | | | Too steep for |1.00

 | | Too acid |0.91 | | | sprinkler |

 | | | | | | application |

 | | | | | | Too acid |0.91

 | | | | | | Filtering |0.01

 | | | | | | capacity |

 | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 35 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Too steep for |1.00

 | | Too acid |1.00 | Restricted |0.61 | surface |

 | | Too steep for |1.00 | permeability | | application |

 | | surface | | Too acid |0.14 | Too acid |1.00

 | | application | | Cobble content |0.01 | Too steep for |1.00

 | | | | | | sprinkler |

 | | | | | | application |

 | | | | | | Filtering |0.01

 | | | | | | capacity |

 | | | | | | |

CkB: | | | | | | |

 Calvin--------------| 65 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Slope |0.50 | Too acid |0.91

 | | Too acid |0.91 | Restricted |0.31 | Too steep for |0.68

 | | | | permeability | | surface |

 | | | | | | application |

 | | | | | | Filtering |0.01

 | | | | | | capacity |

 | | | | | | |

 Klinesville---------| 30 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Slope |0.50 | Too acid |0.91

 | | Too acid |0.91 | Restricted |0.31 | Too steep for |0.68

 | | | | permeability | | surface |

 | | | | | | application |

 | | | | | | Filtering |0.01

 | | | | | | capacity |

 | | | | | | |

CkC: | | | | | | |

 Calvin--------------| 65 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Too steep for |1.00

 | | Too steep for |1.00 | Restricted |0.31 | surface |

 | | surface | | permeability | | application |

 | | application | | | | Too steep for |1.00

 | | Too acid |0.91 | | | sprinkler |

 | | | | | | application |

 | | | | | | Too acid |0.91

 | | | | | | Filtering |0.01

 | | | | | | capacity |

 | | | | | | |
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

399

Table 8b.--Agricultural Waste Management (Part 2)--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 |Pct.| Overland flow | Rapid infiltration | Slow rate treatment

 Map symbol | of | of wastewater | of wastewater | of wastewater

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

CkC: | | | | | | |

 Klinesville---------| 30 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Too steep for |1.00

 | | Too steep for |1.00 | Restricted |0.31 | surface |

 | | surface | | permeability | | application |

 | | application | | | | Too steep for |1.00

 | | Too acid |0.91 | | | sprinkler |

 | | | | | | application |

 | | | | | | Too acid |0.91

 | | | | | | Filtering |0.01

 | | | | | | capacity |

 | | | | | | |

CkD: | | | | | | |

 Calvin--------------| 65 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Too steep for |1.00

 | | Too steep for |1.00 | Restricted |0.31 | surface |

 | | surface | | permeability | | application |

 | | application | | | | Too steep for |1.00

 | | Too acid |0.91 | | | sprinkler |

 | | | | | | application |

 | | | | | | Too acid |0.91

 | | | | | | Filtering |0.01

 | | | | | | capacity |

 | | | | | | |

 Klinesville---------| 30 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Too steep for |1.00

 | | Too steep for |1.00 | Restricted |0.31 | surface |

 | | surface | | permeability | | application |

 | | application | | | | Too steep for |1.00

 | | Too acid |0.91 | | | sprinkler |

 | | | | | | application |

 | | | | | | Too acid |0.91

 | | | | | | Filtering |0.01

 | | | | | | capacity |

 | | | | | | |

CkE: | | | | | | |

 Calvin--------------| 60 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Too steep for |1.00

 | | Too steep for |1.00 | Restricted |0.31 | surface |

 | | surface | | permeability | | application |

 | | application | | | | Too steep for |1.00

 | | Too acid |0.91 | | | sprinkler |

 | | | | | | application |

 | | | | | | Too acid |0.91

 | | | | | | Filtering |0.01

 | | | | | | capacity |

 | | | | | | |

 Klinesville---------| 30 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Too steep for |1.00

 | | Too steep for |1.00 | Restricted |0.31 | surface |

 | | surface | | permeability | | application |

 | | application | | | | Too steep for |1.00

 | | Too acid |0.91 | | | sprinkler |

 | | | | | | application |

 | | | | | | Too acid |0.91

 | | | | | | Filtering |0.01

 | | | | | | capacity |
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

400

Table 8b.--Agricultural Waste Management (Part 2)--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 |Pct.| Overland flow | Rapid infiltration | Slow rate treatment

 Map symbol | of | of wastewater | of wastewater | of wastewater

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

CkF: | | | | | | |

 Calvin--------------| 45 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Too steep for |1.00

 | | Too steep for |1.00 | Restricted |0.31 | surface |

 | | surface | | permeability | | application |

 | | application | | | | Too steep for |1.00

 | | Too acid |0.91 | | | sprinkler |

 | | | | | | application |

 | | | | | | Too acid |0.91

 | | | | | | Filtering |0.01

 | | | | | | capacity |

 | | | | | | |

 Klinesville---------| 30 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Too steep for |1.00

 | | Too steep for |1.00 | Restricted |0.31 | surface |

 | | surface | | permeability | | application |

 | | application | | | | Too steep for |1.00

 | | Too acid |0.91 | | | sprinkler |

 | | | | | | application |

 | | | | | | Too acid |0.91

 | | | | | | Filtering |0.01

 | | | | | | capacity |

 | | | | | | |

ClC: | | | | | | |

 Caneyville----------| 90 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Restricted |1.00 | Too steep for |1.00

 | | Too steep for |1.00 | permeability | | surface |

 | | surface | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | application |

 | | application | | | | Too steep for |1.00

 | | Too acid |0.07 | | | sprinkler |

 | | | | | | application |

 | | | | | | Restricted |0.21

 | | | | | | permeability |

 | | | | | | Too acid |0.07

ClD: | | | | | | |

 Caneyville----------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Restricted |1.00 | Too steep for |1.00

 | | Too steep for |1.00 | permeability | | surface |

 | | surface | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | application |

 | | application | | | | Too steep for |1.00

 | | Too acid |0.07 | | | sprinkler |

 | | | | | | application |

 | | | | | | Restricted |0.21

 | | | | | | permeability |

 | | | | | | Too acid |0.07

 | | | | | | |

ClE: | | | | | | |

 Caneyville----------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Restricted |1.00 | Too steep for |1.00

 | | Too steep for |1.00 | permeability | | surface |

 | | surface | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | application |

 | | application | | | | Too steep for |1.00

 | | Too acid |0.07 | | | sprinkler |

 | | | | | | application |

 | | | | | | Restricted |0.21

 | | | | | | permeability |

 | | | | | | Too acid |0.07
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

401

Table 8b.--Agricultural Waste Management (Part 2)--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 |Pct.| Overland flow | Rapid infiltration | Slow rate treatment

 Map symbol | of | of wastewater | of wastewater | of wastewater

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

CnF: | | | | | | |

 Caneyville----------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Restricted |1.00 | Too steep for |1.00

 | | Too steep for |1.00 | permeability | | surface |

 | | surface | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | application |

 | | application | | Stone content |0.06 | Too steep for |1.00

 | | Too acid |0.07 | | | sprinkler |

 | | Stone content |0.01 | | | application |

 | | | | | | Restricted |0.21

 | | | | | | permeability |

 | | | | | | Too acid |0.07

 | | | | | | |

CrB: | | | | | | |

 Clarksburg----------| 80 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Restricted |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | | saturated zone | | permeability | | saturated zone |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Too steep for |0.68

 | | Too acid |0.42 | saturated zone | | surface |

 | | | | Slope |0.50 | application |

 | | | | | | Restricted |0.50

 | | | | | | permeability |

 | | | | | | Too acid |0.42

 | | | | | | |

CrC: | | | | | | |

 Clarksburg----------| 80 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | | saturated zone | | Restricted |1.00 | saturated zone |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | permeability | | Too steep for |1.00

 | | Too steep for |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | surface |

 | | surface | | saturated zone | | application |

 | | application | | | | Too steep for |1.00

 | | Too acid |0.42 | | | sprinkler |

 | | | | | | application |

 | | | | | | Restricted |0.50

 | | | | | | permeability |

 | | | | | | Too acid |0.42

 | | | | | | |

CvB: | | | | | | |

 Clearbrook----------| 50 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Restricted |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | | Depth to |1.00 | permeability | | saturated zone |

 | | saturated zone | | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | saturated zone | | Too acid |0.77

 | | Too acid |0.77 | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Restricted |0.21

 | | Cobble content |0.06 | Cobble content |0.23 | permeability |

 | | | | | | Too steep for |0.08

 | | | | | | surface |

 | | | | | | application |

 | | | | | | |

 Cavode--------------| 35 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Restricted |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | | saturated zone | | permeability | | saturated zone |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Too acid |1.00

 | | Too acid |1.00 | saturated zone | | Restricted |0.96

 | | | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | permeability |

 | | | | | | Too steep for |0.08

 | | | | | | surface |

 | | | | | | application |

 | | | | | | |
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

402

Table 8b.--Agricultural Waste Management (Part 2)--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 |Pct.| Overland flow | Rapid infiltration | Slow rate treatment

 Map symbol | of | of wastewater | of wastewater | of wastewater

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

Cz: | | | | | | |

 Combs---------------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Flooding |0.60

 | | Seepage |1.00 | saturated zone | | |

 | | | | Restricted |0.61 | |

 | | | | permeability | | |

 | | | | Flooding |0.60 | |

 | | | | | | |

DkC: | | | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Filtering |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | capacity |

 | | Too acid |1.00 | Too acid |0.67 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Too steep for |0.50 | Cobble content |0.61 | Too acid |1.00

 | | surface | | | | Too steep for |1.00

 | | application | | | | surface |

 | | Cobble content |0.28 | | | application |

 | | | | | | Large stones on |1.00

 | | | | | | the surface |

 | | | | | | |

DrE: | | | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 70 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Filtering |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | capacity |

 | | Too acid |1.00 | Too acid |0.67 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Too steep for |1.00 | Cobble content |0.36 | Too acid |1.00

 | | surface | | | | Large stones on |1.00

 | | application | | | | the surface |

 | | Cobble content |0.30 | | | Too steep for |1.00

 | | | | | | surface |

 | | | | | | application |

 | | | | | | |

 Rock outcrop--------| 15 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | |

DsB: | | | | | | |

 Downsville----------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Restricted |1.00 | Too steep for |0.68

 | | Too acid |0.21 | permeability | | surface |

 | | | | Slope |0.50 | application |

 | | | | | | Too acid |0.21

 | | | | | | Filtering |0.01

 | | | | | | capacity |

 | | | | | | |

DsC: | | | | | | |

 Downsville----------| 80 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Too steep for |1.00

 | | Too steep for |1.00 | Restricted |1.00 | surface |

 | | surface | | permeability | | application |

 | | application | | | | Too steep for |1.00

 | | Too acid |0.21 | | | sprinkler |

 | | | | | | application |

 | | | | | | Too acid |0.21

 | | | | | | Filtering |0.01

 | | | | | | capacity |

 | | | | | | Restricted |0.43

 | | | | | | permeability |

 | | | | | | |
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

403

Table 8b.--Agricultural Waste Management (Part 2)--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 |Pct.| Overland flow | Rapid infiltration | Slow rate treatment

 Map symbol | of | of wastewater | of wastewater | of wastewater

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

Dz: | | | | | | |

 Dunning-------------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Ponding |1.00 | Ponding |1.00

 | | Ponding |1.00 | Restricted |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | | Depth to |1.00 | permeability | | saturated zone |

 | | saturated zone | | Depth to |1.00 | Restricted |1.00

 | | Seepage |1.00 | saturated zone | | permeability |

 | | Too level |0.50 | Flooding |0.60 | Flooding |0.60

 | | | | | | |

ErB: | | | | | | |

 Ernest--------------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Restricted |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | | Depth to |1.00 | permeability | | saturated zone |

 | | saturated zone | | Depth to |1.00 | Too acid |0.91

 | | Too acid |0.91 | saturated zone | | Too steep for |0.68

 | | | | Slope |0.50 | surface |

 | | | | | | application |

 | | | | | | |

ErC: | | | | | | |

 Ernest--------------| 80 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Restricted |1.00 | saturated zone |

 | | saturated zone | | permeability | | Too steep for |1.00

 | | Too steep for |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | surface |

 | | surface | | saturated zone | | application |

 | | application | | | | Too steep for |1.00

 | | Too acid |0.91 | | | sprinkler |

 | | | | | | application |

 | | | | | | Too acid |0.91

 | | | | | | Restricted |0.43

 | | | | | | permeability |

 | | | | | | |

HaE: | | | | | | |

 Hazleton------------| 45 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Too acid |1.00

 | | Too acid |1.00 | Too acid |0.77 | Too steep for |1.00

 | | Too steep for |1.00 | Cobble content |0.70 | surface |

 | | surface | | Restricted |0.31 | application |

 | | application | | permeability | | Too steep for |1.00

 | | Cobble content |0.54 | | | sprinkler |

 | | | | | | application |

 | | | | | | Large stones on |1.00

 | | | | | | the surface |

 | | | | | | Filtering |1.00

 | | | | | | capacity |

 | | | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 40 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Filtering |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | capacity |

 | | Too acid |1.00 | Too acid |0.67 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Too steep for |1.00 | Cobble content |0.61 | Too acid |1.00

 | | surface | | | | Too steep for |1.00

 | | application | | | | surface |

 | | Cobble content |0.28 | | | application |

 | | | | | | Too steep for |1.00

 | | | | | | sprinkler |

 | | | | | | application |

 | | | | | | |
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

404

Table 8b.--Agricultural Waste Management (Part 2)--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 |Pct.| Overland flow | Rapid infiltration | Slow rate treatment

 Map symbol | of | of wastewater | of wastewater | of wastewater

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

HaF: | | | | | | |

 Hazleton------------| 55 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Too acid |1.00

 | | Too acid |1.00 | Too acid |0.77 | Too steep for |1.00

 | | Too steep for |1.00 | Cobble content |0.70 | surface |

 | | surface | | Restricted |0.31 | application |

 | | application | | permeability | | Too steep for |1.00

 | | Cobble content |0.54 | | | sprinkler |

 | | | | | | application |

 | | | | | | Large stones on |1.00

 | | | | | | the surface |

 | | | | | | Filtering |1.00

 | | | | | | capacity |

 | | | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 25 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Filtering |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | capacity |

 | | Too acid |1.00 | Too acid |0.67 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Too steep for |1.00 | Cobble content |0.61 | Too acid |1.00

 | | surface | | | | Too steep for |1.00

 | | application | | | | surface |

 | | Cobble content |0.28 | | | application |

 | | | | | | Too steep for |1.00

 | | | | | | sprinkler |

 | | | | | | application |

 | | | | | | |

HdF: | | | | | | |

 Hazleton------------| 55 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Too acid |1.00

 | | Too acid |1.00 | Too acid |0.77 | Large stones on |1.00

 | | Too steep for |1.00 | Cobble content |0.70 | the surface |

 | | surface | | Restricted |0.31 | Too steep for |1.00

 | | application | | permeability | | surface |

 | | Cobble content |0.54 | Stone content |0.01 | application |

 | | Stone content |0.01 | | | Too steep for |1.00

 | | | | | | sprinkler |

 | | | | | | application |

 | | | | | | Filtering |1.00

 | | | | | | capacity |

 | | | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 25 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Filtering |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | capacity |

 | | Too acid |1.00 | Too acid |0.67 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Too steep for |1.00 | Cobble content |0.56 | Too acid |1.00

 | | surface | | | | Large stones on |1.00

 | | application | | | | the surface |

 | | Cobble content |0.25 | | | Too steep for |1.00

 | | | | | | surface |

 | | | | | | application |

 | | | | | | |

 Rock outcrop--------| 15 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | |
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

405

Table 8b.--Agricultural Waste Management (Part 2)--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 |Pct.| Overland flow | Rapid infiltration | Slow rate treatment

 Map symbol | of | of wastewater | of wastewater | of wastewater

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

HeF: | | | | | | |

 Hazleton------------| 55 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Too acid |1.00

 | | Too acid |1.00 | Too acid |0.77 | Large stones on |1.00

 | | Too steep for |1.00 | Cobble content |0.70 | the surface |

 | | surface | | Restricted |0.31 | Too steep for |1.00

 | | application | | permeability | | surface |

 | | Cobble content |0.54 | Stone content |0.02 | application |

 | | Stone content |0.07 | | | Too steep for |1.00

 | | | | | | sprinkler |

 | | | | | | application |

 | | | | | | Filtering |1.00

 | | | | | | capacity |

 | | | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 25 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Filtering |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | capacity |

 | | Too acid |1.00 | Too acid |0.67 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Too steep for |1.00 | Cobble content |0.56 | Too acid |1.00

 | | surface | | | | Large stones on |1.00

 | | application | | | | the surface |

 | | Cobble content |0.25 | | | Too steep for |1.00

 | | | | | | surface |

 | | | | | | application |

 | | | | | | |

 Rock outcrop--------| 15 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | |

HlF: | | | | | | |

 Hazleton------------| 50 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Too acid |1.00

 | | Too acid |1.00 | Too acid |0.77 | Too steep for |1.00

 | | Too steep for |1.00 | Cobble content |0.70 | surface |

 | | surface | | Restricted |0.31 | application |

 | | application | | permeability | | Too steep for |1.00

 | | Cobble content |0.54 | | | sprinkler |

 | | | | | | application |

 | | | | | | Large stones on |1.00

 | | | | | | the surface |

 | | | | | | Filtering |1.00

 | | | | | | capacity |

 | | | | | | |

 Lehew---------------| 20 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Too acid |1.00

 | | Too acid |1.00 | Cobble content |0.33 | Too steep for |1.00

 | | Too steep for |1.00 | Too acid |0.21 | surface |

 | | surface | | | | application |

 | | application | | | | Too steep for |1.00

 | | Cobble content |0.18 | | | sprinkler |

 | | | | | | application |

 | | | | | | Large stones on |1.00

 | | | | | | the surface |

 | | | | | | |
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

406

Table 8b.--Agricultural Waste Management (Part 2)--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 |Pct.| Overland flow | Rapid infiltration | Slow rate treatment

 Map symbol | of | of wastewater | of wastewater | of wastewater

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

HlF: | | | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 15 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Filtering |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | capacity |

 | | Too acid |1.00 | Too acid |0.67 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Too steep for |1.00 | Cobble content |0.61 | Too acid |1.00

 | | surface | | | | Too steep for |1.00

 | | application | | | | surface |

 | | Cobble content |0.28 | | | application |

 | | | | | | Too steep for |1.00

 | | | | | | sprinkler |

 | | | | | | application |

 | | | | | | |

Ho: | | | | | | |

 Holly---------------| 80 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Ponding |1.00 | Ponding |1.00

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Flooding |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | | Ponding |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | saturated zone |

 | | Depth to |1.00 | saturated zone | | Flooding |1.00

 | | saturated zone | | Restricted |1.00 | |

 | | Too level |0.50 | permeability | | |

 | | | | | | |

HwB: | | | | | | |

 Hustontown----------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Restricted |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | | Depth to |1.00 | permeability | | saturated zone |

 | | saturated zone | | Depth to |1.00 | Too steep for |0.68

 | | Too acid |0.42 | saturated zone | | surface |

 | | | | Slope |0.50 | application |

 | | | | Too acid |0.03 | Too acid |0.42

 | | | | | | Restricted |0.21

 | | | | | | permeability |

 | | | | | | |

Ln: | | | | | | |

 Lindside------------| 80 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |0.95

 | | Seepage |1.00 | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | Depth to |0.95 | Restricted |1.00 | Flooding |0.60

 | | saturated zone | | permeability | | |

 | | | | Flooding |0.60 | |

 | | | | | | |

LzC: | | | | | | |

 Litz----------------| 90 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Too acid |1.00

 | | Too acid |1.00 | Restricted |1.00 | Too steep for |1.00

 | | Too steep for |0.99 | permeability | | surface |

 | | surface | | Cobble content |0.05 | application |

 | | application | | Stone content |0.01 | Filtering |1.00

 | | Cobble content |0.01 | | | capacity |

 | | | | | | Too steep for |0.99

 | | | | | | sprinkler |

 | | | | | | application |

 | | | | | | |
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

407

Table 8b.--Agricultural Waste Management (Part 2)--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 |Pct.| Overland flow | Rapid infiltration | Slow rate treatment

 Map symbol | of | of wastewater | of wastewater | of wastewater

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

LzD: | | | | | | |

 Litz----------------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Too acid |1.00

 | | Too acid |1.00 | Restricted |1.00 | Too steep for |1.00

 | | Too steep for |1.00 | permeability | | surface |

 | | surface | | Cobble content |0.05 | application |

 | | application | | Stone content |0.01 | Too steep for |1.00

 | | Cobble content |0.01 | | | sprinkler |

 | | | | | | application |

 | | | | | | Filtering |1.00

 | | | | | | capacity |

 | | | | | | |

LzE: | | | | | | |

 Litz----------------| 80 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Too acid |1.00

 | | Too acid |1.00 | Restricted |1.00 | Too steep for |1.00

 | | Too steep for |1.00 | permeability | | surface |

 | | surface | | Cobble content |0.05 | application |

 | | application | | Stone content |0.01 | Too steep for |1.00

 | | Cobble content |0.01 | | | sprinkler |

 | | | | | | application |

 | | | | | | Filtering |1.00

 | | | | | | capacity |

 | | | | | | |

LzF: | | | | | | |

 Litz----------------| 80 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Too acid |1.00

 | | Too acid |1.00 | Restricted |1.00 | Too steep for |1.00

 | | Too steep for |1.00 | permeability | | surface |

 | | surface | | Cobble content |0.05 | application |

 | | application | | Stone content |0.01 | Too steep for |1.00

 | | Cobble content |0.01 | | | sprinkler |

 | | | | | | application |

 | | | | | | Filtering |1.00

 | | | | | | capacity |

 | | | | | | |

Me: | | | | | | |

 Melvin--------------| 90 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Ponding |1.00 | Ponding |1.00

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Flooding |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | | Ponding |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | saturated zone |

 | | Depth to |1.00 | saturated zone | | Flooding |1.00

 | | saturated zone | | Restricted |1.00 | |

 | | Too level |0.50 | permeability | | |

 | | | | | | |

MhA: | | | | | | |

 Monongahela---------| 80 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Restricted |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | | Depth to |1.00 | permeability | | saturated zone |

 | | saturated zone | | Depth to |1.00 | Restricted |0.43

 | | Too acid |0.07 | saturated zone | | permeability |

 | | | | | | Too acid |0.07

 | | | | | | |
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

408

Table 8b.--Agricultural Waste Management (Part 2)--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 |Pct.| Overland flow | Rapid infiltration | Slow rate treatment

 Map symbol | of | of wastewater | of wastewater | of wastewater

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

MhB: | | | | | | |

 Monongahela---------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Restricted |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | | Depth to |1.00 | permeability | | saturated zone |

 | | saturated zone | | Depth to |1.00 | Too steep for |0.68

 | | Too acid | | saturated zone | | surface |

 | | | | Slope |0.50 | application |

 | | | | | | Restricted |0.43

 | | | | | | permeability |

 | | | | | | Too acid |0.07

 | | | | | | |

MhC: | | | | | | |

 Monongahela---------| 80 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Restricted |1.00 | saturated zone |

 | | saturated zone | | permeability | | Too steep for |1.00

 | | Too steep for |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | surface |

 | | surface | | saturated zone | | application |

 | | application | | | | Too steep for |1.00

 | | Too acid |0.07 | | | sprinkler |

 | | | | | | application |

 | | | | | | Restricted |0.43

 | | | | | | permeability |

 | | | | | | Too acid |0.07

 | | | | | | |

MrC: | | | | | | |

 Murrill-------------| 90 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Too steep for |1.00

 | | Too steep for |1.00 | Restricted |1.00 | surface |

 | | surface | | permeability | | application |

 | | application | | | | Too steep for |1.00

 | | Too acid |0.91 | | | sprinkler |

 | | | | | | application |

 | | | | | | Too acid |0.91

 | | | | | | |

MrD: | | | | | | |

 Murrill-------------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Too steep for |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Too steep for |1.00

 | | surface | | Restricted |1.00 | surface |

 | | application | | permeability | | application |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | | | Too steep for |1.00

 | | Too acid |0.91 | | | sprinkler |

 | | | | | | application |

 | | | | | | Too acid |0.91

 | | | | | | |

MsC: | | | | | | |

 Murrill-------------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Restricted |1.00 | Too steep for |1.00

 | | Too acid |0.91 | permeability | | surface |

 | | Too steep for |0.50 | Slope |1.00 | application |

 | | surface | | | | Too acid |0.91

 | | application | | | | Too steep for |0.50

 | | | | | | sprinkler |

 | | | | | | application |

 | | | | | | |
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

409

Table 8b.--Agricultural Waste Management (Part 2)--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 |Pct.| Overland flow | Rapid infiltration | Slow rate treatment

 Map symbol | of | of wastewater | of wastewater | of wastewater

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

MsE: | | | | | | |

 Murrill-------------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Too steep for |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Too steep for |1.00

 | | surface | | Restricted |1.00 | surface |

 | | application | | permeability | | application |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | | | Too steep for |1.00

 | | Too acid |0.91 | | | sprinkler |

 | | | | | | application |

 | | | | | | Too acid |0.91

 | | | | | | |

Pg: | | | | | | |

 Philo---------------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |0.95

 | | Seepage |1.00 | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | Depth to |0.95 | Restricted |1.00 | Flooding |0.60

 | | saturated zone | | permeability | | Too acid |0.07

 | | Too acid |0.07 | Flooding |0.60 | Filtering |0.01

 | | | | | | capacity |

 | | | | | | |

Ph: | | | | | | |

 Philo---------------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |0.95

 | | Seepage |1.00 | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | Depth to |0.95 | Restricted |1.00 | Flooding |0.60

 | | saturated zone | | permeability | | Too acid |0.07

 | | Too acid |0.07 | Flooding |0.60 | Filtering |0.01

 | | | | | | capacity |

Ps: | | | | | | |

 Pope----------------| 90 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Too acid |1.00

 | | Seepage |1.00 | saturated zone | | Flooding |0.60

 | | Too acid |1.00 | Restricted |0.61 | Filtering |0.01

 | | | | permeability | | capacity |

 | | | | Flooding |0.60 | |

 | | | | | | |

Px: | | | | | | |

 Pope----------------| 90 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Too acid |1.00

 | | Seepage |1.00 | saturated zone | | Flooding |0.60

 | | Too acid |1.00 | Restricted |1.00 | |

 | | | | permeability | | |

 | | | | Flooding |0.60 | |

 | | | | | | |

Pz: | | | | | | |

 Pope----------------| 50 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Too acid |1.00

 | | Too acid |1.00 | saturated zone | | Filtering |0.01

 | | | | Restricted |0.61 | capacity |

 | | | | permeability | | |

 | | | | Too acid |0.14 | |

 | | | | | | |

 Philo---------------| 30 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Too acid |1.00

 | | Too acid |1.00 | saturated zone | | Depth to |1.00

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Restricted |1.00 | saturated zone |

 | | saturated zone | | permeability | | Filtering |0.01

 | | | | Too acid |0.14 | capacity |

 | | | | | | |
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

410

Table 8b.--Agricultural Waste Management (Part 2)--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 |Pct.| Overland flow | Rapid infiltration | Slow rate treatment

 Map symbol | of | of wastewater | of wastewater | of wastewater

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

Qm: | | | | | | |

 Quarry, limestone---| 97 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | |

Qo: | | | | | | |

 Quarry, sandstone---| 95 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | |

Qs: | | | | | | |

 Quarry, shale-------| 96 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | |

ReG: | | | | | | |

 Rock outcrop--------| 50 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | |

 Opequon-------------| 40 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Too steep for |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Too steep for |1.00

 | | surface | | Restricted |1.00 | surface |

 | | application | | permeability | | application |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | | | Too steep for |1.00

 | | | | | | sprinkler |

 | | | | | | application |

RgG: | | | | | | |

 Rock outcrop--------| 50 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | |

 Rough---------------| 45 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Too steep for |1.00

 | | Too steep for |1.00 | Too acid |0.21 | surface |

 | | surface | | | | application |

 | | application | | | | Too steep for |1.00

 | | Too acid |1.00 | | | sprinkler |

 | | | | | | application |

 | | | | | | Too acid |1.00

 | | | | | | |

RuD: | | | | | | |

 Rushtown------------| 90 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Too acid |1.00

 | | Too acid |1.00 | | | Too steep for |1.00

 | | Too steep for |1.00 | | | surface |

 | | surface | | | | application |

 | | application | | | | Too steep for |1.00

 | | | | | | sprinkler |

 | | | | | | application |

 | | | | | | Filtering |1.00

 | | | | | | capacity |

 | | | | | | |

RuF: | | | | | | |

 Rushtown------------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Too acid |1.00

 | | Too acid |1.00 | | | Too steep for |1.00

 | | Too steep for |1.00 | | | surface |

 | | surface | | | | application |

 | | application | | | | Too steep for |1.00

 | | | | | | sprinkler |

 | | | | | | application |

 | | | | | | Filtering |1.00

 | | | | | | capacity |

 | | | | | | |
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

411

Table 8b.--Agricultural Waste Management (Part 2)--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 |Pct.| Overland flow | Rapid infiltration | Slow rate treatment

 Map symbol | of | of wastewater | of wastewater | of wastewater

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

ShC: | | | | | | |

 Schaffenaker--------| 80 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Too acid |1.00

 | | Too acid |1.00 | Too acid |0.77 | Too steep for |1.00

 | | Too steep for |0.50 | | | surface |

 | | surface | | | | application |

 | | application | | | | Large stones on |1.00

 | | | | | | the surface |

 | | | | | | Filtering |1.00

 | | | | | | capacity |

 | | | | | | |

SkF: | | | | | | |

 Schaffenaker--------| 45 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Too acid |1.00

 | | Too acid |1.00 | Too acid |0.77 | Too steep for |1.00

 | | Too steep for |1.00 | | | surface |

 | | surface | | | | application |

 | | application | | | | Too steep for |1.00

 | | | | | | sprinkler |

 | | | | | | application |

 | | | | | | Large stones on |1.00

 | | | | | | the surface |

 | | | | | | |

 Rock outcrop--------| 40 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | |

SnE: | | | | | | |

 Schaffenaker--------| 45 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Too acid |1.00

 | | Too acid |1.00 | Too acid |0.77 | Too steep for |1.00

 | | Too steep for |1.00 | | | surface |

 | | surface | | | | application |

 | | application | | | | Too steep for |1.00

 | | | | | | sprinkler |

 | | | | | | application |

 | | | | | | Large stones on |1.00

 | | | | | | the surface |

 | | | | | | |

 Vanderlip-----------| 40 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Filtering |1.00

 | | Too acid |1.00 | Stone content |0.65 | capacity |

 | | Too steep for |1.00 | | | Too acid |1.00

 | | surface | | | | Too steep for |1.00

 | | application | | | | surface |

 | | | | | | application |

 | | | | | | Too steep for |1.00

 | | | | | | sprinkler |

 | | | | | | application |

 | | | | | | Large stones on |1.00

 | | | | | | the surface |

 | | | | | | |
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

412

Table 8b.--Agricultural Waste Management (Part 2)--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 |Pct.| Overland flow | Rapid infiltration | Slow rate treatment

 Map symbol | of | of wastewater | of wastewater | of wastewater

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

SnF: | | | | | | |

 Schaffenaker--------| 40 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Too acid |1.00

 | | Too acid |1.00 | Too acid |0.77 | Too steep for |1.00

 | | Too steep for |1.00 | | | surface |

 | | surface | | | | application |

 | | application | | | | Too steep for |1.00

 | | | | | | sprinkler |

 | | | | | | application |

 | | | | | | Large stones on |1.00

 | | | | | | the surface |

 | | | | | | |

 Vanderlip-----------| 40 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Filtering |1.00

 | | Too acid |1.00 | Stone content |0.65 | capacity |

 | | Too steep for |1.00 | | | Too acid |1.00

 | | surface | | | | Too steep for |1.00

 | | application | | | | surface |

 | | | | | | application |

 | | | | | | Too steep for |1.00

 | | | | | | sprinkler |

 | | | | | | application |

 | | | | | | Large stones on |1.00

 | | | | | | the surface |

 | | | | | | |

SxC: | | | | | | |

 Sideling------------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Restricted |1.00 | Too acid |1.00

 | | Too acid |1.00 | permeability | | Too steep for |1.00

 | | Depth to |0.53 | Depth to |1.00 | surface |

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | application |

 | | Too steep for |0.50 | Slope |1.00 | Large stones on |1.00

 | | surface | | Too acid |0.77 | the surface |

 | | application | | Stone content |0.54 | Filtering |1.00

 | | | | | | capacity |

 | | | | | | Restricted |0.96

 | | | | | | permeability |

 | | | | | | |

SxE: | | | | | | |

 Sideling------------| 80 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Too acid |1.00

 | | Too acid |1.00 | Restricted |1.00 | Too steep for |1.00

 | | Too steep for |1.00 | permeability | | surface |

 | | surface | | Depth to |1.00 | application |

 | | application | | saturated zone | | Too steep for |1.00

 | | Depth to |0.53 | Too acid |0.77 | sprinkler |

 | | saturated zone | | Stone content |0.54 | application |

 | | | | | | Large stones on |1.00

 | | | | | | the surface |

 | | | | | | Filtering |1.00

 | | | | | | capacity |

 | | | | | | |
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

413

Table 8b.--Agricultural Waste Management (Part 2)--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 |Pct.| Overland flow | Rapid infiltration | Slow rate treatment

 Map symbol | of | of wastewater | of wastewater | of wastewater

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

SyE: | | | | | | |

 Sideling------------| 80 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Too acid |1.00

 | | Too acid |1.00 | Restricted |1.00 | Large stones on |1.00

 | | Too steep for |1.00 | permeability | | the surface |

 | | surface | | Depth to |1.00 | Too steep for |1.00

 | | application | | saturated zone | | surface |

 | | Depth to |0.53 | Stone content |0.78 | application |

 | | saturated zone | | Too acid |0.77 | Too steep for |1.00

 | | Stone content |0.03 | | | sprinkler |

 | | | | | | application |

 | | | | | | Filtering |1.00

 | | | | | | capacity |

 | | | | | | |

Ta: | | | | | | |

 Tioga---------------| 90 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Flooding |0.60

 | | Seepage |1.00 | saturated zone | | Too acid |0.07

 | | Too acid |0.07 | Restricted |0.62 | |

 | | | | permeability | | |

 | | | | Flooding |0.60 | |

 | | | | | | |

TyA: | | | | | | |

 Tygart--------------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Restricted |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | | saturated zone | | permeability | | saturated zone |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Restricted |0.96

 | | Too acid |0.91 | saturated zone | | permeability |

 | | | | Too acid |0.14 | Too acid |0.91

 | | | | | | |

Ua: | | | | | | |

 Udorthents----------| 95 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | |

Uu: | | | | | | |

 Urban land----------| 45 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | |

 Udorthents----------| 45 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | |

WaB: | | | | | | |

 Weikert-------------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Restricted |0.73 | Too acid |1.00

 | | Too acid |1.00 | permeability | | Too steep for |0.68

 | | | | Slope |0.50 | surface |

 | | | | Too acid |0.21 | application |

 | | | | | | Filtering |0.01

 | | | | | | capacity |

 | | | | | | |

WaC: | | | | | | |

 Weikert-------------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Too steep for |1.00

 | | Too acid |1.00 | Restricted |0.73 | surface |

 | | Too steep for |1.00 | permeability | | application |

 | | surface | | Too acid |0.21 | Too acid |1.00

 | | application | | | | Too steep for |1.00

 | | | | | | sprinkler |

 | | | | | | application |

 | | | | | | Filtering |0.01

 | | | | | | capacity |

 | | | | | | |
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

414

Table 8b.--Agricultural Waste Management (Part 2)--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 |Pct.| Overland flow | Rapid infiltration | Slow rate treatment

 Map symbol | of | of wastewater | of wastewater | of wastewater

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

WbC: | | | | | | |

 Weikert-------------| 45 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Too steep for |1.00

 | | Too acid |1.00 | Restricted |0.31 | surface |

 | | Too steep for |1.00 | permeability | | application |

 | | surface | | Too acid |0.21 | Too acid |1.00

 | | application | | | | Too steep for |1.00

 | | | | | | sprinkler |

 | | | | | | application |

 | | | | | | Filtering |0.01

 | | | | | | capacity |

 | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 40 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Too steep for |1.00

 | | Too acid |1.00 | Restricted |0.61 | surface |

 | | Too steep for |1.00 | permeability | | application |

 | | surface | | Too acid |0.14 | Too acid |1.00

 | | application | | Cobble content |0.01 | Too steep for |1.00

 | | | | | | sprinkler |

 | | | | | | application |

 | | | | | | Filtering |0.01

 | | | | | | capacity |

 | | | | | | |

WbD: | | | | | | |

 Weikert-------------| 50 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Too steep for |1.00

 | | Too steep for |1.00 | Restricted |0.31 | surface |

 | | surface | | permeability | | application |

 | | application | | Too acid |0.21 | Too steep for |1.00

 | | Too acid |1.00 | | | sprinkler |

 | | | | | | application |

 | | | | | | Too acid |1.00

 | | | | | | Filtering |0.01

 | | | | | | capacity |

 | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 35 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Too steep for |1.00

 | | Too steep for |1.00 | Restricted |0.61 | surface |

 | | surface | | permeability | | application |

 | | application | | Too acid |0.14 | Too steep for |1.00

 | | Too acid |1.00 | Cobble content |0.01 | sprinkler |

 | | | | | | application |

 | | | | | | Too acid |1.00

 | | | | | | Filtering |0.01

 | | | | | | capacity |

 | | | | | | |
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

415

Table 8b.--Agricultural Waste Management (Part 2)--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 |Pct.| Overland flow | Rapid infiltration | Slow rate treatment

 Map symbol | of | of wastewater | of wastewater | of wastewater

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

WkF: | | | | | | |

 Weikert-------------| 50 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Too acid |1.00

 | | Too acid |1.00 | Restricted |0.31 | Too steep for |1.00

 | | Too steep for |1.00 | permeability | | surface |

 | | surface | | | | application |

 | | application | | | | Too steep for |1.00

 | | | | | | sprinkler |

 | | | | | | application |

 | | | | | | Filtering |1.00

 | | | | | | capacity |

 | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 35 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Too acid |1.00

 | | Too acid |1.00 | Restricted |0.61 | Too steep for |1.00

 | | Too steep for |1.00 | permeability | | surface |

 | | surface | | Too acid |0.14 | application |

 | | application | | Cobble content |0.10 | Too steep for |1.00

 | | Cobble content |0.02 | | | sprinkler |

 | | | | | | application |

 | | | | | | Filtering |1.00

 | | | | | | capacity |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

416

Table 9.--Forest Productivity

_________________________________________________________________________________

 | Potential productivity |

 |___________________________________|

 Map symbol and | | | |

 soil name | Common trees |Site | Volume | Trees to manage

 | |index|of wood |

 | | | fiber |

_________________________|____________________|_____|________|___________________

 | | |cu ft/ac|

 | | | |

AgB: | | | |

 Allegheny---------------|northern red oak----| 78 | 57 |black walnut,

 |black oak-----------| 78 | 57 | eastern white

 |Virginia pine-------| 72 | 114 | pine, northern red

 |yellow-poplar-------| 93 | 100 | oak, white ash,

 |white ash-----------| --- | --- | white oak, yellow-

 |pignut hickory------| --- | --- | poplar

 |sugar maple---------| --- | --- |

 | | | |

AgC: | | | |

 Allegheny---------------|northern red oak----| 78 | 57 |black walnut,

 |black oak-----------| 78 | 57 | eastern white

 |Virginia pine-------| 72 | 114 | pine, northern red

 |yellow-poplar-------| 93 | 100 | oak, white ash,

 |white ash-----------| --- | --- | white oak, yellow-

 |pignut hickory------| --- | --- | poplar

 |sugar maple---------| --- | --- |

 | | | |

AnB: | | | |

 Andover-----------------|northern red oak----| 75 | 57 |American sycamore,

 |yellow-poplar-------| 83 | 72 | baldcypress, green

 | | | | ash, pin oak, red

 | | | | maple, silver

 | | | | maple

 | | | |

Ba: | | | |

 Basher------------------|northern red oak----| 80 | 57 |black walnut,

 |sugar maple---------| 70 | 43 | eastern white

 |American basswood---| 85 | 57 | pine, northern red

 | | | | oak, sugar maple,

 | | | | white ash, yellow-

 | | | | poplar

 | | | |

BbC: | | | |

 Berks-------------------|northern red oak----| 60 | 43 |eastern white pine,

 |eastern white pine--| 70 | 121 | loblolly pine,

 |black oak-----------| 60 | 43 | Norway spruce, red

 |chestnut oak--------| 60 | 43 | pine, Virginia

 |white oak-----------| 60 | 43 | pine

 |hickory-------------| --- | --- |

 | | | |

BbE: | | | |

 Berks, north aspect-----|northern red oak----| 60 | 43 |eastern white pine,

 |eastern white pine--| 70 | 121 | loblolly pine,

 |black oak-----------| 60 | 43 | Norway spruce, red

 |chestnut oak--------| 60 | 43 | pine, Virginia

 |white oak-----------| 60 | 43 | pine

 |hickory-------------| --- | --- |

 | | | |

 Berks, south aspect-----|northern red oak----| 55 | 34 |eastern white pine,

 |eastern white pine--| 65 | 102 | loblolly pine,

 |black oak-----------| 55 | 34 | Norway spruce, red

 |chestnut oak--------| 55 | 34 | pine, Virginia

 |white oak-----------| 55 | 34 | pine

 |hickory-------------| --- | --- |

 | | | |
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

417

Table 9.--Forest Productivity--Continued

_________________________________________________________________________________

 | Potential productivity |

 |___________________________________|

 Map symbol and | | | |

 soil name | Common trees |Site | Volume | Trees to manage

 | |index|of wood |

 | | | fiber |

_________________________|____________________|_____|________|___________________

 | | |cu ft/ac|

 | | | |

BcD: | | | |

 Berks, north aspect-----|northern red oak----| 58 | 41 |eastern white pine,

 |Virginia pine-------| 57 | 84 | loblolly pine,

 |black oak-----------| 56 | 39 | Norway spruce, red

 |chestnut oak--------| 53 | 36 | pine, Virginia

 |white oak-----------| 57 | 40 | pine

 |hickory-------------| --- | --- |

 | | | |

 Calvin, north aspect----|northern red oak----| 60 | 43 |eastern white pine,

 |white oak-----------| 59 | 42 | loblolly pine,

 |Virginia pine-------| 60 | 91 | Norway spruce, red

 |chestnut oak--------| 55 | 38 | pine, Virginia

 |black oak-----------| 60 | 43 | pine

 |hickory-------------| --- | --- |

 | | | |

 Berks, south aspect-----|northern red oak----| 50 | 34 |eastern white pine,

 |Virginia pine-------| 48 | 63 | loblolly pine,

 |black oak-----------| 48 | 32 | Norway spruce, red

 |chestnut oak--------| 45 | 30 | pine, Virginia

 |white oak-----------| 48 | 32 | pine

 |hickory-------------| --- | --- |

 | | | |

 Calvin, south aspect----|northern red oak----| 51 | 35 |eastern white pine,

 |white oak-----------| 50 | 34 | loblolly pine,

 |Virginia pine-------| 51 | 70 | Norway spruce, red

 |chestnut oak--------| 47 | 32 | pine, Virginia

 |black oak-----------| 51 | 35 | pine

 |hickory-------------| --- | --- |

 | | | |

BcE: | | | |

 Berks, north aspect-----|northern red oak----| 58 | 41 |eastern white pine,

 |Virginia pine-------| 57 | 84 | loblolly pine,

 |black oak-----------| 56 | 39 | Norway spruce, red

 |chestnut oak--------| 53 | 36 | pine, Virginia

 |white oak-----------| 57 | 40 | pine

 |hickory-------------| --- | --- |

 | | | |

 Calvin, north aspect----|northern red oak----| 60 | 43 |eastern white pine,

 |white oak-----------| 59 | 42 | red pine, Virginia

 |Virginia pine-------| 60 | 91 | pine

 |chestnut oak--------| 55 | 38 |

 |black oak-----------| 60 | 43 |

 |hickory-------------| --- | --- |

 | | | |

 Berks, south aspect-----|northern red oak----| 50 | 34 |eastern white pine,

 |Virginia pine-------| 48 | 63 | loblolly pine,

 |black oak-----------| 48 | 32 | Norway spruce, red

 |chestnut oak--------| 45 | 30 | pine, Virginia

 |white oak-----------| 48 | 32 | pine

 |hickory-------------| --- | --- |

 | | | |

 Calvin, south aspect----|northern red oak----| 51 | 35 |eastern white pine,

 |white oak-----------| 50 | 34 | loblolly pine,

 |Virginia pine-------| 51 | 70 | Norway spruce, red

 |chestnut oak--------| 47 | 32 | pine, Virginia

 |black oak-----------| 51 | 35 | pine

 |hickory-------------| --- | --- |

 | | | |
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

418

Table 9.--Forest Productivity--Continued

_________________________________________________________________________________

 | Potential productivity |

 |___________________________________|

 Map symbol and | | | |

 soil name | Common trees |Site | Volume | Trees to manage

 | |index|of wood |

 | | | fiber |

_________________________|____________________|_____|________|___________________

 | | |cu ft/ac|

 | | | |

BcF: | | | |

 Berks, north aspect-----|northern red oak----| 58 | 41 |eastern white pine,

 |Virginia pine-------| 57 | 84 | Japanese larch,

 |black oak-----------| 56 | 39 | Norway spruce, red

 |chestnut oak--------| 53 | 36 | pine, Virginia

 |white oak-----------| 57 | 40 | pine

 |hickory-------------| --- | --- |

 | | | |

 Calvin, north aspect----|northern red oak----| 60 | 43 |eastern white pine,

 |white oak-----------| 59 | 42 | loblolly pine,

 |Virginia pine-------| 60 | 91 | Norway spruce, red

 |chestnut oak--------| 55 | 38 | pine, Virginia

 |black oak-----------| 60 | 43 | pine

 |hickory-------------| --- | --- |

 | | | |

 Berks, south aspect-----|northern red oak----| 50 | 34 |eastern white pine,

 |Virginia pine-------| 48 | 63 | loblolly pine,

 |black oak-----------| 48 | 32 | Norway spruce, red

 |chestnut oak--------| 45 | 30 | pine, Virginia

 |white oak-----------| 48 | 32 | pine

 |hickory-------------| --- | --- |

 | | | |

 Calvin, south aspect----|northern red oak----| 51 | 35 |eastern white pine,

 |white oak-----------| 50 | 34 | loblolly pine,

 |Virginia pine-------| 51 | 70 | Norway spruce, red

 |chestnut oak--------| 47 | 32 | pine, Virginia

 |black oak-----------| 51 | 35 | pine

 |hickory-------------| --- | --- |

 | | | |

BeB: | | | |

 Berks-------------------|northern red oak----| 58 | 41 |eastern white pine,

 |Virginia pine-------| 57 | 84 | loblolly pine,

 |black oak-----------| 56 | 39 | Norway spruce, red

 |chestnut oak--------| 53 | 36 | pine, Virginia

 |white oak-----------| 57 | 40 | pine

 |hickory-------------| --- | --- |

 | | | |

 Clearbrook--------------|northern red oak----| 70 | 57 |eastern white pine,

 |yellow-poplar-------| 80 | 72 | loblolly pine,

 |hickory-------------| --- | --- | Norway spruce, red

 | | | | pine, Virginia

 | | | | pine

 | | | |

BeC: | | | |

 Berks-------------------|northern red oak----| 58 | 41 |eastern white pine,

 |Virginia pine-------| 57 | 84 | loblolly pine,

 |black oak-----------| 56 | 39 | Norway spruce, red

 |chestnut oak--------| 53 | 36 | pine, Virginia

 |white oak-----------| 57 | 40 | pine

 |hickory-------------| --- | --- |

 | | | |

 Clearbrook--------------|northern red oak----| 70 | 57 |eastern white pine,

 |yellow-poplar-------| 80 | 72 | loblolly pine,

 |hickory-------------| --- | --- | Norway spruce, red

 | | | | pine, Virginia

 | | | | pine

 | | | |
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

419

Table 9.--Forest Productivity--Continued

_________________________________________________________________________________

 | Potential productivity |

 |___________________________________|

 Map symbol and | | | |

 soil name | Common trees |Site | Volume | Trees to manage

 | |index|of wood |

 | | | fiber |

_________________________|____________________|_____|________|___________________

 | | |cu ft/ac|

 | | | |

BkB: | | | |

 Berks-------------------|northern red oak----| 58 | 41 |eastern white pine,

 |Virginia pine-------| 57 | 84 | loblolly pine,

 |black oak-----------| 56 | 39 | Norway spruce, red

 |chestnut oak--------| 53 | 36 | pine, Virginia

 |white oak-----------| 57 | 40 | pine

 |hickory-------------| --- | --- |

 | | | |

 Weikert-----------------|northern red oak----| 53 | 36 |eastern white pine,

 |Virginia pine-------| 52 | 73 | loblolly pine, red

 |white oak-----------| 58 | 41 | pine, shortleaf

 |chestnut oak--------| 50 | 34 | pine, Virginia

 |black oak-----------| 47 | 32 | pine

 |hickory-------------| --- | --- |

 | | | |

BqF: | | | |

 Blackthorn--------------|northern red oak----| 70 | 57 |black walnut,

 |white oak-----------| 70 | 57 | eastern white

 |eastern white pine--| 80 | 143 | pine, northern red

 |yellow-poplar-------| 75 | 57 | oak, sugar maple,

 |black walnut--------| --- | --- | white ash, yellow-

 |hickory-------------| --- | --- | poplar

 | | | |

BrB: | | | |

 Brinkerton--------------|black oak-----------| 80 | 57 |American sycamore,

 |northern red oak----| 80 | 57 | baldcypress, green

 |white oak-----------| 80 | 57 | ash, pin oak, red

 |yellow-poplar-------| 90 | 86 | maple, silver

 | | | | maple

 | | | |

BuB: | | | |

 Buchanan----------------|northern red oak----| 70 | 52 |black locust, black

 |white oak-----------| 69 | 51 | walnut, eastern

 |black oak-----------| 73 | 55 | white pine,

 |eastern white pine--| 80 | 144 | northern red oak,

 |Virginia pine-------| 63 | 96 | sugar maple

 |yellow-poplar-------| 80 | 71 |

 |hickory-------------| --- | --- |

 | | | |

BuC: | | | |

 Buchanan----------------|northern red oak----| 70 | 52 |black locust, black

 |white oak-----------| 69 | 51 | walnut, eastern

 |black oak-----------| 73 | 55 | white pine,

 |eastern white pine--| 80 | 144 | northern red oak,

 |Virginia pine-------| 63 | 96 | sugar maple

 |yellow-poplar-------| 80 | 71 |

 |hickory-------------| --- | --- |

 | | | |

BxC: | | | |

 Buchanan----------------|northern red oak----| 70 | 52 |black locust, black

 |white oak-----------| 69 | 51 | walnut, eastern

 |black oak-----------| 73 | 55 | white pine,

 |eastern white pine--| 80 | 144 | northern red oak,

 |Virginia pine-------| 63 | 96 | sugar maple

 |yellow-poplar-------| 80 | 71 |

 |hickory-------------| --- | --- |

 | | | |
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

420

Table 9.--Forest Productivity--Continued

_________________________________________________________________________________

 | Potential productivity |

 |___________________________________|

 Map symbol and | | | |

 soil name | Common trees |Site | Volume | Trees to manage

 | |index|of wood |

 | | | fiber |

_________________________|____________________|_____|________|___________________

 | | |cu ft/ac|

 | | | |

BxE: | | | |

 Buchanan----------------|northern red oak----| 70 | 52 |black locust, black

 |white oak-----------| 69 | 51 | walnut, eastern

 |black oak-----------| 73 | 55 | white pine,

 |eastern white pine--| 80 | 144 | northern red oak,

 |Virginia pine-------| 63 | 96 | sugar maple

 |yellow-poplar-------| 80 | 71 |

 |hickory-------------| --- | --- |

 | | | |

CbB: | | | |

 Calvin------------------|northern red oak----| 60 | 43 |eastern white pine,

 |white oak-----------| 59 | 42 | loblolly pine,

 |Virginia pine-------| 60 | 91 | Norway spruce, red

 |chestnut oak--------| 55 | 38 | pine, Virginia

 |black oak-----------| 60 | 43 | pine

 |hickory-------------| --- | --- |

 | | | |

 Berks-------------------|northern red oak----| 58 | 41 |eastern white pine,

 |Virginia pine-------| 57 | 84 | loblolly pine,

 |black oak-----------| 56 | 39 | Norway spruce, red

 |chestnut oak--------| 53 | 36 | pine, Virginia

 |white oak-----------| 57 | 40 | pine

 |hickory-------------| --- | --- |

 | | | |

CbC: | | | |

 Calvin------------------|northern red oak----| 60 | 43 |eastern white pine,

 |white oak-----------| 59 | 42 | loblolly pine,

 |Virginia pine-------| 60 | 91 | Norway spruce, red

 |chestnut oak--------| 55 | 38 | pine, Virginia

 |black oak-----------| 60 | 43 | pine

 |hickory-------------| --- | --- |

 | | | |

 Berks-------------------|northern red oak----| 58 | 41 |eastern white pine,

 |Virginia pine-------| 57 | 84 | loblolly pine,

 |black oak-----------| 56 | 39 | Norway spruce, red

 |chestnut oak--------| 53 | 36 | pine, Virginia

 |white oak-----------| 57 | 40 | pine

 |hickory-------------| --- | --- |

 | | | |

CkB: | | | |

 Calvin------------------|northern red oak----| 60 | 43 |eastern white pine,

 |white oak-----------| 59 | 42 | loblolly pine,

 |Virginia pine-------| 60 | 91 | Norway spruce, red

 |chestnut oak--------| 55 | 38 | pine, Virginia

 |black oak-----------| 60 | 43 | pine

 |hickory-------------| --- | --- |

 | | | |

 Klinesville-------------|northern red oak----| 55 | 38 |eastern white pine,

 |Virginia pine-------| 57 | 84 | loblolly pine,

 |white oak-----------| 56 | 39 | Norway spruce, red

 |chestnut oak--------| 52 | 36 | pine, Virginia

 |black oak-----------| 55 | 38 | pine

 |hickory-------------| --- | --- |

 | | | |
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

421

Table 9.--Forest Productivity--Continued

_________________________________________________________________________________

 | Potential productivity |

 |___________________________________|

 Map symbol and | | | |

 soil name | Common trees |Site | Volume | Trees to manage

 | |index|of wood |

 | | | fiber |

_________________________|____________________|_____|________|___________________

 | | |cu ft/ac|

 | | | |

CkC: | | | |

 Calvin------------------|northern red oak----| 60 | 43 |eastern white pine,

 |white oak-----------| 59 | 42 | loblolly pine,

 |Virginia pine-------| 60 | 91 | Norway spruce, red

 |chestnut oak--------| 55 | --- | pine, Virginia

 |black oak-----------| 58 | --- | pine

 |hickory-------------| --- | --- |

 | | | |

 Klinesville-------------|northern red oak----| 55 | 38 |eastern white pine,

 |Virginia pine-------| 57 | 84 | loblolly pine,

 |white oak-----------| 56 | 39 | Norway spruce, red

 |chestnut oak--------| 52 | 36 | pine, Virginia

 |black oak-----------| 55 | 38 | pine

 |hickory-------------| --- | --- |

 | | | |

CkD: | | | |

 Calvin, north aspect----|northern red oak----| 60 | 43 |eastern white pine,

 |white oak-----------| 59 | 42 | loblolly pine,

 |Virginia pine-------| 60 | 91 | Norway spruce, red

 |chestnut oak--------| 55 | 38 | pine, Virginia

 |black oak-----------| 60 | 43 | pine

 |hickory-------------| --- | --- |

 | | | |

 Klinesville, north | | | |

 aspect-----------------|northern red oak----| 55 | 38 |eastern white pine,

 |Virginia pine-------| 57 | 84 | loblolly pine,

 |white oak-----------| 56 | 39 | Norway spruce, red

 |chestnut oak--------| 52 | 36 | pine, Virginia

 |black oak-----------| 55 | 38 | pine

 |hickory-------------| --- | --- |

 | | | |

 Calvin, south aspect----|northern red oak----| 51 | 35 |eastern white pine,

 |white oak-----------| 50 | 34 | loblolly pine,

 |Virginia pine-------| 51 | 70 | Norway spruce, red

 |chestnut oak--------| 47 | 31 | pine, Virginia

 |black oak-----------| 51 | 35 | pine

 |hickory-------------| --- | --- |

 | | | |

 Klinesville, south | | | |

 aspect-----------------|northern red oak----| 47 | 32 |eastern white pine,

 |Virginia pine-------| 48 | 63 | loblolly pine,

 |white oak-----------| 48 | 32 | Norway spruce, red

 |chestnut oak--------| 44 | 29 | pine, Virginia

 |black oak-----------| 47 | 32 | pine

 |hickory-------------| --- | --- |

 | | | |

CkE: | | | |

 Calvin, north aspect----|northern red oak----| 60 | 43 |eastern white pine,

 |white oak-----------| 59 | 42 | loblolly pine,

 |Virginia pine-------| 60 | 91 | Norway spruce, red

 |chestnut oak--------| 55 | 38 | pine, Virginia

 |black oak-----------| 60 | 43 | pine

 |hickory-------------| --- | --- |

 | | | |
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

422

Table 9.--Forest Productivity--Continued

_________________________________________________________________________________

 | Potential productivity |

 |___________________________________|

 Map symbol and | | | |

 soil name | Common trees |Site | Volume | Trees to manage

 | |index|of wood |

 | | | fiber |

_________________________|____________________|_____|________|___________________

 | | |cu ft/ac|

 | | | |

CkE: | | | |

 Klinesville, north | | | |

 aspect-----------------|northern red oak----| 55 | 38 |eastern white pine,

 |Virginia pine-------| 57 | 84 | loblolly pine,

 |white oak-----------| 56 | 39 | Norway spruce, red

 |chestnut oak--------| 52 | 36 | pine, Virginia

 |black oak-----------| 55 | 38 | pine

 |hickory-------------| --- | --- |

 | | | |

 Calvin, south aspect----|northern red oak----| 51 | 35 |eastern white pine,

 |white oak-----------| 50 | 34 | loblolly pine,

 |Virginia pine-------| 51 | 70 | Norway spruce, red

 |chestnut oak--------| 47 | 31 | pine, Virginia

 |black oak-----------| 51 | 35 | pine

 |hickory-------------| --- | --- |

 | | | |

 Klinesville, south | | | |

 aspect-----------------|northern red oak----| 47 | 32 |eastern white pine,

 |Virginia pine-------| 48 | 63 | loblolly pine,

 |white oak-----------| 48 | 32 | Norway spruce, red

 |chestnut oak--------| 44 | 29 | pine, Virginia

 |black oak-----------| 47 | 32 | pine

 |hickory-------------| --- | --- |

 | | | |

CkF: | | | |

 Calvin, north aspect----|northern red oak----| 60 | 43 |eastern white pine,

 |white oak-----------| 59 | 42 | loblolly pine,

 |Virginia pine-------| 60 | 91 | Norway spruce, red

 |chestnut oak--------| 55 | 38 | pine, Virginia

 |black oak-----------| 60 | 43 | pine

 |hickory-------------| --- | --- |

 | | | |

 Klinesville, north | | | |

 aspect-----------------|northern red oak----| 55 | 38 |eastern white pine,

 |Virginia pine-------| 57 | 84 | loblolly pine,

 |white oak-----------| 56 | 39 | Norway spruce, red

 |chestnut oak--------| 52 | 36 | pine, Virginia

 |black oak-----------| 55 | 38 | pine

 |hickory-------------| --- | --- |

 | | | |

 Calvin, south aspect----|northern red oak----| 51 | 35 |eastern white pine,

 |white oak-----------| 50 | 34 | loblolly pine,

 |Virginia pine-------| 51 | 70 | Norway spruce, red

 |chestnut oak--------| 47 | 31 | pine, Virginia

 |black oak-----------| 51 | 35 | pine

 |hickory-------------| --- | --- |

 | | | |

 Klinesville, south | | | |

 aspect-----------------|northern red oak----| 47 | 32 |eastern white pine,

 |Virginia pine-------| 48 | 63 | loblolly pine,

 |white oak-----------| 48 | 32 | Norway spruce, red

 |chestnut oak--------| 44 | 29 | pine, Virginia

 |black oak-----------| 47 | 32 | pine

 |hickory-------------| --- | --- |

 | | | |
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

423

Table 9.--Forest Productivity--Continued

_________________________________________________________________________________

 | Potential productivity |

 |___________________________________|

 Map symbol and | | | |

 soil name | Common trees |Site | Volume | Trees to manage

 | |index|of wood |

 | | | fiber |

_________________________|____________________|_____|________|___________________

 | | |cu ft/ac|

 | | | |

ClC: | | | |

 Caneyville--------------|northern red oak----| 70 | 52 |black locust, black

 |black oak-----------| 70 | 52 | walnut, eastern

 |white oak-----------| 65 | 48 | white pine, sugar

 |eastern redcedar----| 36 | --- | maple, white ash,

 |sugar maple---------| --- | --- | white oak

 |hickory-------------| --- | --- |

 | | | |

ClD: | | | |

 Caneyville, north | | | |

 aspect-----------------|northern red oak----| 70 | 52 |black locust, black

 |black oak-----------| 70 | 52 | walnut, eastern

 |white oak-----------| 65 | 48 | white pine, sugar

 |eastern redcedar----| 36 | --- | maple, white ash,

 |sugar maple---------| --- | --- | white oak

 |hickory-------------| --- | --- |

 | | | |

 Caneyville, south | | | |

 aspect-----------------|northern red oak----| 60 | 43 |black locust, black

 |black oak-----------| 60 | 43 | walnut, eastern

 |white oak-----------| 55 | 38 | white pine, sugar

 |eastern redcedar----| 31 | --- | maple, white ash,

 |sugar maple---------| --- | --- | white oak

 |hickory-------------| --- | --- |

 | | | |

ClE: | | | |

 Caneyville, north | | | |

 aspect-----------------|northern red oak----| 70 | 52 |black locust, black

 |black oak-----------| 70 | 52 | walnut, eastern

 |white oak-----------| 65 | 48 | white pine, sugar

 |eastern redcedar----| 36 | --- | maple, white ash,

 |sugar maple---------| --- | --- | white oak

 |hickory-------------| --- | --- |

 | | | |

 Caneyville, south | | | |

 aspect-----------------|northern red oak----| 60 | 43 |black locust, black

 |black oak-----------| 60 | 43 | walnut, eastern

 |white oak-----------| 55 | 38 | white pine, sugar

 |eastern redcedar----| 31 | --- | maple, white ash,

 |sugar maple---------| --- | --- | white oak

 |hickory-------------| --- | --- |

 | | | |

CnF: | | | |

 Caneyville, north | | | |

 aspect-----------------|northern red oak----| 70 | 52 |black locust, black

 |black oak-----------| 70 | 52 | walnut, eastern

 |white oak-----------| 65 | 48 | white pine, sugar

 |eastern redcedar----| 36 | --- | maple, white ash,

 |sugar maple---------| --- | --- | white oak

 |hickory-------------| --- | --- |

 | | | |

 Caneyville, south | | | |

 aspect-----------------|northern red oak----| 60 | 43 |black locust, black

 |black oak-----------| 60 | 43 | walnut, eastern

 |white oak-----------| 55 | 38 | white pine, sugar

 |eastern redcedar----| 31 | --- | maple, white ash,

 |sugar maple---------| --- | --- | white oak

 |hickory-------------| --- | --- |

 | | | |
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

424

Table 9.--Forest Productivity--Continued

_________________________________________________________________________________

 | Potential productivity |

 |___________________________________|

 Map symbol and | | | |

 soil name | Common trees |Site | Volume | Trees to manage

 | |index|of wood |

 | | | fiber |

_________________________|____________________|_____|________|___________________

 | | |cu ft/ac|

 | | | |

CrB: | | | |

 Clarksburg--------------|northern red oak----| 75 | 57 |black locust, black

 |black oak-----------| 75 | 57 | walnut, eastern

 |white oak-----------| 75 | 57 | white pine,

 |yellow-poplar-------| 85 | 86 | northern red oak,

 |hickory-------------| --- | --- | sugar maple

 | | | |

CrC: | | | |

 Clarksburg--------------|northern red oak----| 75 | 57 |black locust, black

 |black oak-----------| 75 | 57 | walnut, eastern

 |white oak-----------| 75 | 57 | white pine,

 |yellow-poplar-------| 85 | 86 | northern red oak,

 |hickory-------------| --- | --- | sugar maple

 | | | |

CvB: | | | |

 Clearbrook--------------|northern red oak----| 70 | 57 |American sycamore,

 |yellow-poplar-------| 80 | 72 | pin oak, red

 |hickory-------------| --- | --- | maple, yellow-

 | | | | poplar

 | | | |

 Cavode------------------|northern red oak----| 83 | 57 |American sycamore,

 |yellow-poplar-------| 95 | 100 | pin oak, red

 |hickory-------------| --- | --- | maple, yellow-

 | | | | poplar

 | | | |

Cz: | | | |

 Combs-------------------|northern red oak----| 90 | 72 |black walnut,

 |white oak-----------| --- | --- | eastern white

 |American sycamore---| --- | --- | pine, northern red

 |yellow-poplar-------| 115 | 129 | oak, sugar maple,

 |black walnut--------| --- | --- | white ash, white

 | | | | oak

 | | | |

DkC: | | | |

 Dekalb------------------|northern red oak----| 57 | 40 |eastern white pine,

 |chestnut oak--------| 56 | 39 | loblolly pine,

 |black oak-----------| 57 | 40 | Norway spruce, red

 |Virginia pine-------| 56 | 82 | pine, white oak

 |hickory-------------| --- | --- |

 | | | |

DrE: | | | |

 Dekalb, north aspect----|northern red oak----| 52 | 36 |eastern white pine,

 |chestnut oak--------| 49 | 33 | loblolly pine,

 |black oak-----------| 52 | 36 | Norway spruce, red

 |Virginia pine-------| 54 | 77 | pine, white oak

 |hickory-------------| --- | --- |

 | | | |

 Dekalb, south aspect----|northern red oak----| 44 | 29 |eastern white pine,

 |chestnut oak--------| 42 | 28 | loblolly pine,

 |black oak-----------| 44 | 29 | Norway spruce, red

 |Virginia pine-------| 46 | 58 | pine, white oak

 |hickory-------------| --- | --- |

 | | | |

 Rock outcrop. | | | |

 | | | |

DsB: | | | |

 Downsville--------------|northern red oak----| 85 | 72 |black locust, black

 |white oak-----------| 75 | 57 | walnut, eastern

 |yellow-poplar-------| 90 | 86 | white pine,

 |black walnut--------| --- | --- | northern red oak,

 |hickory-------------| --- | --- | sugar maple
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

425

Table 9.--Forest Productivity--Continued

_________________________________________________________________________________

 | Potential productivity |

 |___________________________________|

 Map symbol and | | | |

 soil name | Common trees |Site | Volume | Trees to manage

 | |index|of wood |

 | | | fiber |

_________________________|____________________|_____|________|___________________

 | | |cu ft/ac|

 | | | |

DsC: | | | |

 Downsville--------------|northern red oak----| 85 | 72 |black locust, black

 |white oak-----------| 75 | 57 | walnut, eastern

 |yellow-poplar-------| 90 | 86 | white pine,

 |black walnut--------| --- | --- | northern red oak,

 |hickory-------------| --- | --- | sugar maple

 | | | |

Dz: | | | |

 Dunning-----------------|pin oak-------------| 95 | 72 |American sycamore,

 |American sycamore---| --- | --- | baldcypress, green

 | | | | ash, pin oak, red

 | | | | maple, silver

 | | | | maple

 | | | |

ErB: | | | |

 Ernest------------------|northern red oak----| 80 | 57 |black locust, black

 |black cherry--------| 80 | 57 | walnut, eastern

 |yellow-poplar-------| 89 | 86 | white pine,

 |black walnut--------| --- | --- | northern red oak,

 |white ash-----------| --- | --- | sugar maple

 |sugar maple---------| 80 | 57 |

 |hickory-------------| --- | --- |

 | | | |

ErC: | | | |

 Ernest------------------|northern red oak----| 80 | 57 |black locust, black

 |black cherry--------| 80 | 57 | walnut, eastern

 |yellow-poplar-------| 89 | 86 | white pine,

 |black walnut--------| --- | --- | northern red oak,

 |white ash-----------| --- | --- | sugar maple

 |sugar maple---------| 80 | 57 |

 |hickory-------------| --- | --- |

 | | | |

HaE: | | | |

 Hazleton, north aspect--|northern red oak----| 70 | 52 |eastern white pine,

 |chestnut oak--------| 65 | 48 | loblolly pine,

 |Virginia pine-------| 65 | 100 | Virginia pine,

 |black oak-----------| 70 | 52 | white oak, Norway

 |hickory-------------| --- | --- | spruce, black

 | | | | locust

 | | | |

 Dekalb, north aspect----|northern red oak----| 57 | 40 |eastern white pine,

 |chestnut oak--------| 56 | 39 | loblolly pine,

 |black oak-----------| 57 | 40 | Norway spruce, red

 |Virginia pine-------| 56 | 82 | pine, white oak

 |hickory-------------| --- | --- |

 | | | |

 Hazleton, south aspect--|northern red oak----| 63 | 46 |eastern white pine,

 |chestnut oak--------| 59 | 42 | loblolly pine,

 |Virginia pine-------| 59 | 88 | Virginia pine,

 |black oak-----------| 63 | 46 | white oak, Norway

 |hickory-------------| --- | --- | spruce, black

 | | | | locust

 | | | |

 Dekalb, south aspect----|northern red oak----| 48 | 32 |eastern white pine,

 |chestnut oak--------| 48 | 32 | loblolly pine,

 |black oak-----------| 48 | 32 | Norway spruce, red

 |Virginia pine-------| 48 | 63 | pine, white oak

 |hickory-------------| --- | --- |

 | | | |
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

426

Table 9.--Forest Productivity--Continued

_________________________________________________________________________________

 | Potential productivity |

 |___________________________________|

 Map symbol and | | | |

 soil name | Common trees |Site | Volume | Trees to manage

 | |index|of wood |

 | | | fiber |

_________________________|____________________|_____|________|___________________

 | | |cu ft/ac|

 | | | |

HaF: | | | |

 Hazleton, north aspect--|northern red oak----| 70 | 52 |eastern white pine,

 |chestnut oak--------| 65 | 48 | loblolly pine,

 |Virginia pine-------| 65 | 100 | Virginia pine,

 |black oak-----------| 70 | 52 | white oak, Norway

 |hickory-------------| --- | --- | spruce, black

 | | | | locust

 | | | |

 Dekalb, north aspect----|northern red oak----| 57 | 40 |Austrian pine,

 |chestnut oak--------| 56 | 39 | eastern white

 |black oak-----------| 57 | 40 | pine, Japanese

 |Virginia pine-------| 56 | 82 | larch, red pine

 |hickory-------------| --- | --- |

 | | | |

 Hazleton, south aspect--|northern red oak----| 63 | 46 |eastern white pine,

 |chestnut oak--------| 59 | 42 | loblolly pine,

 |Virginia pine-------| 59 | 88 | Virginia pine,

 |black oak-----------| 63 | 46 | white oak, Norway

 |hickory-------------| --- | --- | spruce, black

 | | | | locust

 | | | |

 Dekalb, south aspect----|northern red oak----| 48 | 32 |eastern white pine,

 |chestnut oak--------| 48 | 32 | loblolly pine,

 |black oak-----------| 48 | 32 | Norway spruce, red

 |Virginia pine-------| 48 | 63 | pine, white oak

 |hickory-------------| --- | --- |

 | | | |

HdF: | | | |

 Hazleton, north aspect--|northern red oak----| 70 | 52 |eastern white pine,

 |chestnut oak--------| 65 | 48 | loblolly pine,

 |Virginia pine-------| 65 | 100 | Virginia pine,

 |black oak-----------| 70 | 52 | white oak, Norway

 |hickory-------------| --- | --- | spruce, black

 | | | | locust

 | | | |

 Dekalb, north aspect----|northern red oak----| 57 | 40 |eastern white pine,

 |chestnut oak--------| 56 | 39 | loblolly pine,

 |black oak-----------| 57 | 40 | Norway spruce, red

 |Virginia pine-------| 56 | 82 | pine, white oak

 |hickory-------------| --- | --- |

 | | | |

 Hazleton, south aspect--|northern red oak----| 63 | 46 |eastern white pine,

 |chestnut oak--------| 59 | 42 | loblolly pine,

 |Virginia pine-------| 59 | 88 | Virginia pine,

 |black oak-----------| 63 | 46 | white oak, Norway

 |hickory-------------| --- | --- | spruce, black

 | | | | locust

 | | | |

 Dekalb, south aspect----|northern red oak----| 48 | 32 |eastern white pine,

 |chestnut oak--------| 48 | 32 | loblolly pine,

 |black oak-----------| 48 | 32 | Norway spruce, red

 |Virginia pine-------| 48 | 63 | pine, white oak

 |hickory-------------| --- | --- |

 | | | |

 Rock outcrop. | | | |

 | | | |
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

427

Table 9.--Forest Productivity--Continued

_________________________________________________________________________________

 | Potential productivity |

 |___________________________________|

 Map symbol and | | | |

 soil name | Common trees |Site | Volume | Trees to manage

 | |index|of wood |

 | | | fiber |

_________________________|____________________|_____|________|___________________

 | | |cu ft/ac|

 | | | |

HeF: | | | |

 Hazleton, north aspect--|northern red oak----| 70 | 52 |eastern white pine,

 |chestnut oak--------| 65 | 48 | loblolly pine,

 |Virginia pine-------| 65 | 100 | Virginia pine,

 |black oak-----------| 70 | 52 | white oak, Norway

 |hickory-------------| --- | --- | spruce, black

 | | | | locust

 | | | |

 Dekalb, north aspect----|northern red oak----| 57 | 40 |eastern white pine,

 |chestnut oak--------| 56 | 39 | loblolly pine,

 |black oak-----------| 57 | 40 | Norway spruce, red

 |Virginia pine-------| 56 | 82 | pine, white oak

 |hickory-------------| --- | --- |

 | | | |

 Hazleton, south aspect--|northern red oak----| 63 | 46 |eastern white pine,

 |chestnut oak--------| 59 | 42 | loblolly pine,

 |Virginia pine-------| 59 | 88 | Virginia pine,

 |black oak-----------| 63 | 46 | white oak, Norway

 |hickory-------------| --- | --- | spruce, black

 | | | | locust

 | | | |

 Dekalb, south aspect----|northern red oak----| 48 | 32 |eastern white pine,

 |chestnut oak--------| 48 | 32 | loblolly pine,

 |black oak-----------| 48 | 32 | Norway spruce, red

 |Virginia pine-------| 48 | 63 | pine, white oak

 |hickory-------------| --- | --- |

 | | | |

 Rock outcrop. | | | |

 | | | |

HlF: | | | |

 Hazleton, north aspect--|northern red oak----| 70 | 52 |eastern white pine,

 |chestnut oak--------| 65 | 48 | loblolly pine,

 |Virginia pine-------| 65 | 100 | Virginia pine,

 |black oak-----------| 70 | 52 | white oak, Norway

 |hickory-------------| --- | --- | spruce, black

 | | | | locust

 | | | |

 Lehew, north aspect-----|northern red oak----| 60 | 43 |eastern white pine,

 |chestnut oak--------| 57 | 40 | loblolly pine,

 |white oak-----------| 57 | 40 | Norway spruce, red

 |black oak-----------| 60 | 43 | pine, white oak

 |Virginia pine-------| 59 | 88 |

 |hickory-------------| --- | --- |

 | | | |

 Dekalb, north aspect----|northern red oak----| 57 | 40 |eastern white pine,

 |chestnut oak--------| 56 | 39 | loblolly pine,

 |black oak-----------| 57 | 40 | Norway spruce, red

 |Virginia pine-------| 56 | 82 | pine, white oak

 |hickory-------------| --- | --- |

 | | | |

 Hazleton, south aspect--|northern red oak----| 63 | 46 |eastern white pine,

 |chestnut oak--------| 59 | 42 | loblolly pine,

 |Virginia pine-------| 59 | 88 | Virginia pine,

 |black oak-----------| 63 | 46 | white oak, Norway

 |hickory-------------| --- | --- | spruce, black

 | | | | locust

 | | | |
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

428

Table 9.--Forest Productivity--Continued

_________________________________________________________________________________

 | Potential productivity |

 |___________________________________|

 Map symbol and | | | |

 soil name | Common trees |Site | Volume | Trees to manage

 | |index|of wood |

 | | | fiber |

_________________________|____________________|_____|________|___________________

 | | |cu ft/ac|

 | | | |

HlF: | | | |

 Lehew, south aspect-----|northern red oak----| 55 | 43 |eastern white pine,

 |chestnut oak--------| 55 | 40 | loblolly pine,

 |white oak-----------| 52 | 40 | Norway spruce, red

 |black oak-----------| 55 | 43 | pine, white oak

 |Virginia pine-------| 56 | 88 |

 |hickory-------------| --- | --- |

 | | | |

 Dekalb, south aspect----|northern red oak----| 48 | 32 |eastern white pine,

 |chestnut oak--------| 48 | 32 | loblolly pine,

 |black oak-----------| 48 | 32 | Norway spruce, red

 |Virginia pine-------| 48 | 63 | pine, white oak

 |hickory-------------| --- | --- |

 | | | |

Ho: | | | |

 Holly-------------------|pin oak-------------| 90 | 57 |American sycamore,

 |swamp white oak-----| --- | --- | baldcypress, green

 |black cherry--------| --- | --- | ash, pin oak, red

 |eastern cottonwood--| --- | --- | maple, silver

 |green ash-----------| --- | --- | maple

 |red maple-----------| --- | --- |

 | | | |

HwB: | | | |

 Hustontown--------------|northern red oak----| 70 | 57 |black locust, black

 |yellow-poplar-------| 75 | 57 | walnut, eastern

 |white ash-----------| --- | --- | white pine,

 |red maple-----------| --- | --- | northern red oak,

 |hickory-------------| --- | --- | sugar maple

 | | | |

Ln: | | | |

 Lindside----------------|northern red oak----| 85 | 72 |eastern white pine,

 |black oak-----------| 85 | 72 | black walnut,

 |white oak-----------| 85 | 72 | Norway spruce,

 |yellow-poplar-------| 95 | 100 | black oak,

 | | | | northern red oak,

 | | | | white oak, white

 | | | | ash

 | | | |

LzC: | | | |

 Litz--------------------|northern red oak----| 64 | 47 |black locust,

 |eastern white pine--| 72 | 126 | eastern white

 |black oak-----------| 64 | 47 | pine, loblolly

 |chestnut oak--------| 62 | 45 | pine, sugar maple,

 |white oak-----------| 62 | 45 | Virginia pine,

 |hickory-------------| --- | --- | white ash

 | | | |

LzD: | | | |

 Litz, north aspect------|northern red oak----| 64 | 47 |black locust,

 |eastern white pine--| 72 | 126 | eastern white

 |black oak-----------| 64 | 47 | pine, loblolly

 |chestnut oak--------| 62 | 45 | pine, sugar maple,

 |white oak-----------| 62 | 45 | Virginia pine,

 |hickory-------------| --- | --- | white ash

 | | | |

 Litz, south aspect------|northern red oak----| 54 | 38 |black locust,

 |eastern white pine--| 61 | 99 | eastern white

 |black oak-----------| 54 | 38 | pine, loblolly

 |chestnut oak--------| 53 | 36 | pine, sugar maple,

 |white oak-----------| 53 | 36 | Virginia pine,

 |hickory-------------| --- | --- | white ash

 | | | |
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

429

Table 9.--Forest Productivity--Continued

_________________________________________________________________________________

 | Potential productivity |

 |___________________________________|

 Map symbol and | | | |

 soil name | Common trees |Site | Volume | Trees to manage

 | |index|of wood |

 | | | fiber |

_________________________|____________________|_____|________|___________________

 | | |cu ft/ac|

 | | | |

LzE: | | | |

 Litz, north aspect------|northern red oak----| 64 | 47 |black locust,

 |eastern white pine--| 72 | 126 | eastern white

 |black oak-----------| 64 | 47 | pine, loblolly

 |chestnut oak--------| 62 | 45 | pine, sugar maple,

 |white oak-----------| 62 | 45 | Virginia pine,

 |hickory-------------| --- | --- | white ash

 | | | |

 Litz, south aspect------|northern red oak----| 54 | 38 |black locust,

 |eastern white pine--| 61 | 99 | eastern white

 |black oak-----------| 54 | 38 | pine, loblolly

 |chestnut oak--------| 53 | 36 | pine, sugar maple,

 |white oak-----------| 53 | 36 | Virginia pine,

 |hickory-------------| --- | --- | white ash

 | | | |

LzF: | | | |

 Litz, north aspect------|northern red oak----| 64 | 47 |black locust,

 |eastern white pine--| 72 | 126 | eastern white

 |black oak-----------| 64 | 47 | pine, loblolly

 |chestnut oak--------| 62 | 45 | pine, sugar maple,

 |white oak-----------| 62 | 45 | Virginia pine,

 |hickory-------------| --- | --- | white ash

 | | | |

 Litz, south aspect------|northern red oak----| 54 | 38 |black locust,

 |eastern white pine--| 61 | 99 | eastern white

 |black oak-----------| 54 | 38 | pine, loblolly

 |chestnut oak--------| 53 | 36 | pine, sugar maple,

 |white oak-----------| 53 | 36 | Virginia pine,

 |hickory-------------| --- | --- | white ash

 | | | |

Me: | | | |

 Melvin------------------|pin oak-------------| 85 | 72 |American sycamore,

 |American elm--------| --- | --- | baldcypress, green

 |sweetgum------------| 90 | 100 | ash, pin oak, red

 |green ash-----------| --- | --- | maple, silver

 |common hackberry----| --- | --- | maple

 |hickory-------------| --- | --- |

 |red maple-----------| --- | --- |

 | | | |

MhA: | | | |

 Monongahela-------------|northern red oak----| 70 | 52 |black locust, black

 |white oak-----------| 70 | 52 | walnut, eastern

 |eastern white pine--| 72 | 131 | white pine,

 |Virginia pine-------| 66 | 102 | northern red oak,

 | | | | sugar maple

 | | | |

MhB: | | | |

 Monongahela-------------|northern red oak----| 70 | 52 |black locust, black

 |white oak-----------| 70 | 52 | walnut, eastern

 |eastern white pine--| 72 | 131 | white pine,

 |Virginia pine-------| 66 | 102 | northern red oak,

 | | | | sugar maple

 | | | |

MhC: | | | |

 Monongahela-------------|northern red oak----| 70 | 52 |black locust, black

 |white oak-----------| 70 | 52 | walnut, eastern

 |eastern white pine--| 72 | 131 | white pine,

 |Virginia pine-------| 66 | 102 | northern red oak,

 | | | | sugar maple

 | | | |
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

430

Table 9.--Forest Productivity--Continued

_________________________________________________________________________________

 | Potential productivity |

 |___________________________________|

 Map symbol and | | | |

 soil name | Common trees |Site | Volume | Trees to manage

 | |index|of wood |

 | | | fiber |

_________________________|____________________|_____|________|___________________

 | | |cu ft/ac|

 | | | |

MrC: | | | |

 Murrill-----------------|northern red oak----| 70 | 57 |black locust, black

 |black oak-----------| 70 | 57 | walnut, eastern

 |white oak-----------| 70 | 57 | white pine,

 |yellow-poplar-------| 80 | 72 | northern red oak,

 |hickory-------------| --- | --- | sugar maple

 | | | |

MrD: | | | |

 Murrill-----------------|northern red oak----| 70 | 57 |black locust, black

 |white oak-----------| 70 | 57 | walnut, eastern

 |black oak-----------| 70 | 57 | white pine,

 |yellow-poplar-------| 80 | 72 | northern red oak,

 |hickory-------------| --- | --- | sugar maple

 | | | |

MsC: | | | |

 Murrill-----------------|northern red oak----| 70 | 57 |black locust, black

 |white oak-----------| 70 | 57 | walnut, eastern

 |black oak-----------| 70 | 57 | white pine,

 |yellow-poplar-------| 80 | 72 | northern red oak,

 |hickory-------------| --- | --- | sugar maple

 | | | |

MsE: | | | |

 Murrill-----------------|northern red oak----| 70 | 57 |black locust, black

 |white oak-----------| 70 | 57 | walnut, eastern

 |black oak-----------| 70 | 57 | white pine,

 |yellow-poplar-------| 80 | 72 | northern red oak,

 |hickory-------------| --- | --- | sugar maple

 | | | |

Pg: | | | |

 Philo-------------------|northern red oak----| 86 | 72 |eastern white pine,

 |black oak-----------| 85 | 72 | northern red oak,

 |white oak-----------| 85 | 72 | sugar maple, white

 |Virginia pine-------| 74 | 114 | ash, yellow-poplar

 |yellow-poplar-------| 102 | 114 |

 |white ash-----------| 85 | 114 |

 | | | |

Ph: | | | |

 Philo-------------------|northern red oak----| 86 | 72 |eastern white pine,

 |black oak-----------| 85 | 72 | northern red oak,

 |white oak-----------| 85 | 72 | sugar maple, white

 |Virginia pine-------| 74 | 114 | ash, yellow-poplar

 |yellow-poplar-------| 102 | 114 |

 |white ash-----------| 85 | 114 |

 | | | |

Ps: | | | |

 Pope--------------------|northern red oak----| 82 | 64 |black walnut,

 |American basswood---| --- | --- | eastern white

 |white oak-----------| 80 | 57 | pine, northern red

 |American sycamore---| --- | --- | oak, shortleaf

 |yellow-poplar-------| 96 | 100 | pine, white ash,

 |American beech------| --- | --- | white oak, yellow-

 | | | | poplar

 | | | |

Px: | | | |

 Pope--------------------|northern red oak----| 82 | 64 |black walnut,

 |American basswood---| --- | --- | eastern white

 |white oak-----------| 80 | 57 | pine, northern red

 |American sycamore---| --- | --- | oak, shortleaf

 |yellow-poplar-------| 96 | 100 | pine, white ash,

 |American beech------| --- | --- | white oak, yellow-

 | | | | poplar
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

431

Table 9.--Forest Productivity--Continued

_________________________________________________________________________________

 | Potential productivity |

 |___________________________________|

 Map symbol and | | | |

 soil name | Common trees |Site | Volume | Trees to manage

 | |index|of wood |

 | | | fiber |

_________________________|____________________|_____|________|___________________

 | | |cu ft/ac|

 | | | |

Pz: | | | |

 Pope--------------------|northern red oak----| 82 | 64 |black walnut,

 |American basswood---| --- | --- | eastern white

 |white oak-----------| 80 | 57 | pine, northern red

 |American sycamore---| --- | --- | oak, shortleaf

 |yellow-poplar-------| 96 | 100 | pine, white ash,

 |American beech------| --- | --- | white oak, yellow-

 | | | | poplar

 | | | |

 Philo-------------------|black oak-----------| 85 | 72 |eastern white pine,

 |northern red oak----| 86 | 72 | northern red oak,

 |Virginia pine-------| 74 | 114 | sugar maple, white

 |white ash-----------| 85 | 114 | ash, yellow-poplar

 |white oak-----------| 85 | 72 |

 |yellow-poplar-------| 102 | 114 |

 | | | |

Qm: | | | |

 Quarry, limestone. | | | |

 | | | |

Qo: | | | |

 Quarry, sandstone. | | | |

 | | | |

Qs: | | | |

 Quarry, shale. | | | |

 | | | |

ReG: | | | |

 Rock outcrop. | | | |

 | | | |

 Opequon, north aspect---|northern red oak----| 50 | 29 |eastern white pine,

 |chestnut oak--------| --- | 0 | Virginia pine

 |white oak-----------| 50 | 29 |

 |hickory-------------| --- | --- |

 | | | |

 Opequon, south aspect---|northern red oak----| 43 | 28 |eastern white pine,

 |chestnut oak--------| --- | --- | Virginia pine

 |white oak-----------| 43 | 28 |

 |hickory-------------| --- | --- |

 | | | |

RgG: | | | |

 Rock outcrop. | | | |

 | | | |

 Rough, north aspect-----|northern red oak----| 35 | 37 |shortleaf pine,

 |Virginia pine-------| 37 | 39 | Virginia pine

 | | | |

 Rough, south aspect-----|northern red oak----| 30 | 20 |shortleaf pine,

 |Virginia pine-------| 31 | 33 | Virginia pine

 | | | |

RuD: | | | |

 Rushtown, north aspect--|northern red oak----| 62 | 45 |eastern white pine,

 |chestnut oak--------| 60 | 43 | loblolly pine,

 |eastern white pine--| 70 | 127 | Norway spruce, red

 |white oak-----------| 60 | 43 | pine, Virginia

 |Virginia pine-------| 60 | 86 | pine

 |hickory-------------| --- | --- |

 | | | |

 Rushtown, south aspect--|northern red oak----| 56 | 45 |eastern white pine,

 |chestnut oak--------| 54 | 43 | loblolly pine,

 |eastern white pine--| 63 | 127 | Norway spruce, red

 |white oak-----------| 54 | 43 | pine, Virginia

 |Virginia pine-------| 54 | 86 | pine

 |hickory-------------| --- | --- |
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

432

Table 9.--Forest Productivity--Continued

_________________________________________________________________________________

 | Potential productivity |

 |___________________________________|

 Map symbol and | | | |

 soil name | Common trees |Site | Volume | Trees to manage

 | |index|of wood |

 | | | fiber |

_________________________|____________________|_____|________|___________________

 | | |cu ft/ac|

 | | | |

RuF: | | | |

 Rushtown, north aspect--|northern red oak----| 62 | 45 |eastern white pine,

 |chestnut oak--------| 60 | 43 | loblolly pine,

 |eastern white pine--| 70 | 127 | Norway spruce, red

 |white oak-----------| 60 | 43 | pine, Virginia

 |Virginia pine-------| 60 | 86 | pine

 |hickory-------------| --- | --- |

 | | | |

 Rushtown, south aspect--|northern red oak----| 56 | 45 |eastern white pine,

 |chestnut oak--------| 54 | 43 | loblolly pine,

 |eastern white pine--| 63 | 127 | Norway spruce, red

 |white oak-----------| 54 | 43 | pine, Virginia

 |Virginia pine-------| 54 | 86 | pine

 |hickory-------------| --- | --- |

 | | | |

ShC: | | | |

 Schaffenaker------------|northern red oak----| 60 | 43 |eastern white pine,

 |chestnut oak--------| --- | --- | loblolly pine,

 |white oak-----------| 60 | 43 | Norway spruce, red

 |Virginia pine-------| 60 | 86 | pine, white oak

 |eastern white pine--| 70 | 114 |

 |hickory-------------| --- | --- |

 | | | |

SkF: | | | |

 Schaffenaker, north | | | |

 aspect-----------------|northern red oak----| 60 | 43 |eastern white pine,

 |chestnut oak--------| --- | --- | loblolly pine,

 |white oak-----------| 60 | 43 | Norway spruce, red

 |Virginia pine-------| 60 | 86 | pine, white oak

 |eastern white pine--| 70 | 114 |

 |hickory-------------| --- | --- |

 | | | |

 Schaffenaker, south | | | |

 aspect-----------------|northern red oak----| 51 | 43 |eastern white pine,

 |chestnut oak--------| --- | --- | loblolly pine,

 |white oak-----------| 51 | 43 | Norway spruce, red

 |Virginia pine-------| 51 | 86 | pine, white oak

 |eastern white pine--| 60 | 114 |

 |hickory-------------| --- | --- |

 | | | |

 Rock outcrop. | | | |

 | | | |

SnE: | | | |

 Schaffenaker, north | | | |

 aspect-----------------|northern red oak----| 60 | 43 |eastern white pine,

 |chestnut oak--------| --- | --- | loblolly pine,

 |white oak-----------| 60 | 43 | Norway spruce, red

 |Virginia pine-------| 60 | 86 | pine, white oak

 |eastern white pine--| 70 | 114 |

 |hickory-------------| --- | --- |

 | | | |

 Vanderlip, north aspect-|northern red oak----| 75 | 57 |black locust, black

 |black oak-----------| 75 | 57 | walnut, eastern

 |Virginia pine-------| 70 | 109 | white pine, sugar

 |eastern white pine--| 85 | 155 | maple, white ash

 |hickory-------------| --- | --- |

 | | | |
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

433

Table 9.--Forest Productivity--Continued

_________________________________________________________________________________

 | Potential productivity |

 |___________________________________|

 Map symbol and | | | |

 soil name | Common trees |Site | Volume | Trees to manage

 | |index|of wood |

 | | | fiber |

_________________________|____________________|_____|________|___________________

 | | |cu ft/ac|

 | | | |

SnE: | | | |

 Schaffenaker, south | | | |

 aspect-----------------|northern red oak----| 51 | 43 |eastern white pine,

 |chestnut oak--------| --- | --- | loblolly pine,

 |white oak-----------| 51 | 43 | Norway spruce, red

 |Virginia pine-------| 51 | 86 | pine, white oak

 |eastern white pine--| 60 | 114 |

 |hickory-------------| --- | --- |

 | | | |

 Vanderlip, south aspect-|northern red oak----| 68 | 50 |black locust, black

 |black oak-----------| 68 | 50 | walnut, eastern

 |Virginia pine-------| 63 | 96 | white pine, sugar

 |eastern white pine--| 77 | 137 | maple, white ash

 |hickory-------------| --- | --- |

 | | | |

SnF: | | | |

 Schaffenaker, north | | | |

 aspect-----------------|northern red oak----| 60 | 43 |eastern white pine,

 |chestnut oak--------| --- | 0 | loblolly pine,

 |white oak-----------| 60 | 43 | Norway spruce, red

 |Virginia pine-------| 60 | 86 | pine, white oak

 |eastern white pine--| 70 | 114 |

 |hickory-------------| --- | --- |

 | | | |

 Vanderlip, north aspect-|northern red oak----| 75 | 57 |black locust, black

 |black oak-----------| 75 | 57 | walnut, eastern

 |Virginia pine-------| 70 | 109 | white pine, sugar

 |eastern white pine--| 85 | 155 | maple, white ash

 |hickory-------------| --- | --- |

 | | | |

 Schaffenaker, south | | | |

 aspect-----------------|northern red oak----| 51 | 43 |eastern white pine,

 |chestnut oak--------| --- | 0 | loblolly pine,

 |white oak-----------| 51 | 43 | Norway spruce, red

 |Virginia pine-------| 51 | 86 | pine, white oak

 |eastern white pine--| 60 | 114 |

 |hickory-------------| --- | --- |

 | | | |

 Vanderlip, south aspect-|northern red oak----| 68 | 50 |black locust, black

 |black oak-----------| 68 | 50 | walnut, eastern

 |Virginia pine-------| 63 | 96 | white pine, sugar

 |eastern white pine--| 77 | 137 | maple, white ash

 |hickory-------------| --- | --- |

 | | | |

SxC: | | | |

 Sideling----------------|northern red oak----| 80 | 62 |ash, eastern white

 |yellow-poplar-------| 90 | 90 | pine, northern red

 |white oak-----------| --- | --- | oak, yellow-poplar

 |scarlet oak---------| --- | --- |

 |black oak-----------| --- | --- |

 |hickory-------------| --- | --- |

 | | | |

SxE: | | | |

 Sideling----------------|northern red oak----| 80 | 62 |ash, eastern white

 |yellow-poplar-------| 90 | 90 | pine, northern red

 |white oak-----------| --- | --- | oak, yellow-poplar

 |scarlet oak---------| --- | --- |

 |black oak-----------| --- | --- |

 |hickory-------------| --- | --- |

 | | | |
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

434

Table 9.--Forest Productivity--Continued

_________________________________________________________________________________

 | Potential productivity |

 |___________________________________|

 Map symbol and | | | |

 soil name | Common trees |Site | Volume | Trees to manage

 | |index|of wood |

 | | | fiber |

_________________________|____________________|_____|________|___________________

 | | |cu ft/ac|

 | | | |

SyE: | | | |

 Sideling----------------|northern red oak----| 80 | 62 |ash, eastern white

 |yellow-poplar-------| 90 | 90 | pine, northern red

 |white oak-----------| --- | --- | oak, yellow-poplar

 |scarlet oak---------| --- | --- |

 |black oak-----------| --- | --- |

 |hickory-------------| --- | --- |

 | | | |

Ta: | | | |

 Tioga-------------------|northern red oak----| 75 | 57 |eastern white pine,

 |sugar maple---------| 67 | 43 | yellow-poplar,

 |yellow-poplar-------| 85 | 86 | Norway spruce,

 | | | | black walnut,

 | | | | black locust,

 | | | | northern red oak,

 | | | | white oak

 | | | |

TyA: | | | |

 Tygart------------------|northern red oak----| 80 | 57 |American sycamore,

 |black oak-----------| 80 | 57 | pin oak, red

 |white oak-----------| 80 | 57 | maple, yellow-

 |yellow-poplar-------| 90 | 86 | poplar

 | | | |

Ua: | | | |

 Udorthents. | | | |

 | | | |

Uu: | | | |

 Urban land. | | | |

 | | | |

 Udorthents. | | | |

 | | | |

WaB: | | | |

 Weikert-----------------|northern red oak----| 53 | 36 |eastern white pine,

 |Virginia pine-------| 52 | 73 | loblolly pine, red

 |white oak-----------| 58 | 41 | pine, shortleaf

 |chestnut oak--------| 50 | 34 | pine, Virginia

 |black oak-----------| 47 | 32 | pine

 |hickory-------------| --- | --- |

 | | | |

WaC: | | | |

 Weikert-----------------|northern red oak----| 53 | 36 |eastern white pine,

 |Virginia pine-------| 52 | 73 | loblolly pine, red

 |white oak-----------| 58 | 41 | pine, shortleaf

 |chestnut oak--------| 50 | 34 | pine, Virginia

 |black oak-----------| 47 | 32 | pine

 |hickory-------------| --- | --- |

 | | | |

WbC: | | | |

 Weikert-----------------|northern red oak----| 53 | 36 |eastern white pine,

 |Virginia pine-------| 52 | 73 | loblolly pine, red

 |white oak-----------| 58 | 41 | pine, shortleaf

 |chestnut oak--------| 50 | 34 | pine, Virginia

 |black oak-----------| 47 | 32 | pine

 |hickory-------------| --- | --- |

 | | | |

 Berks-------------------|northern red oak----| 58 | 41 |eastern white pine,

 |Virginia pine-------| 57 | 84 | loblolly pine,

 |black oak-----------| 56 | 39 | Norway spruce, red

 |chestnut oak--------| 53 | 36 | pine, Virginia

 |white oak-----------| 57 | 40 | pine

 |hickory-------------| --- | --- |
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

435

Table 9.--Forest Productivity--Continued

_________________________________________________________________________________

 | Potential productivity |

 |___________________________________|

 Map symbol and | | | |

 soil name | Common trees |Site | Volume | Trees to manage

 | |index|of wood |

 | | | fiber |

_________________________|____________________|_____|________|___________________

 | | |cu ft/ac|

 | | | |

WbD: | | | |

 Weikert, north aspect---|northern red oak----| 53 | 36 |eastern white pine,

 |Virginia pine-------| 52 | 73 | loblolly pine, red

 |white oak-----------| 58 | 41 | pine, shortleaf

 |chestnut oak--------| 50 | 34 | pine, Virginia

 |black oak-----------| 47 | 32 | pine

 |hickory-------------| --- | --- |

 | | | |

 Berks, north aspect-----|northern red oak----| 58 | 41 |eastern white pine,

 |Virginia pine-------| 57 | 84 | loblolly pine,

 |black oak-----------| 56 | 39 | Norway spruce, red

 |chestnut oak--------| 53 | 36 | pine, Virginia

 |white oak-----------| 57 | 40 | pine

 |hickory-------------| --- | --- |

 | | | |

 Weikert, south aspect---|northern red oak----| 53 | 36 |eastern white pine,

 |Virginia pine-------| 52 | 73 | loblolly pine, red

 |white oak-----------| 58 | 41 | pine, shortleaf

 |chestnut oak--------| 50 | 34 | pine, Virginia

 |black oak-----------| 47 | 32 | pine

 |hickory-------------| --- | --- |

 | | | |

 Berks, south aspect-----|northern red oak----| 50 | 34 |eastern white pine,

 |Virginia pine-------| 48 | 63 | loblolly pine,

 |black oak-----------| 48 | 32 | Norway spruce, red

 |chestnut oak--------| 45 | 30 | pine, Virginia

 |white oak-----------| 48 | 32 | pine

 |hickory-------------| --- | --- |

 | | | |

WkF: | | | |

 Weikert, north aspect---|northern red oak----| 53 | 36 |eastern white pine,

 |Virginia pine-------| 52 | 73 | loblolly pine, red

 |white oak-----------| 58 | 41 | pine, shortleaf

 |chestnut oak--------| 50 | 34 | pine, Virginia

 |black oak-----------| 47 | 32 | pine

 |hickory-------------| --- | --- |

 | | | |

 Berks, north aspect-----|northern red oak----| 58 | 41 |eastern white pine,

 |Virginia pine-------| 57 | 84 | loblolly pine,

 |black oak-----------| 56 | 39 | Norway spruce, red

 |chestnut oak--------| 53 | 36 | pine, Virginia

 |white oak-----------| 57 | 40 | pine

 |hickory-------------| --- | --- |

 | | | |

 Weikert, south aspect---|northern red oak----| 53 | 36 |eastern white pine,

 |Virginia pine-------| 52 | 73 | loblolly pine, red

 |white oak-----------| 58 | 41 | pine, shortleaf

 |chestnut oak--------| 50 | 34 | pine, Virginia

 |black oak-----------| 47 | 32 | pine

 |hickory-------------| --- | --- |

 | | | |

 Berks, south aspect-----|northern red oak----| 50 | 34 |eastern white pine,

 |Virginia pine-------| 48 | 63 | loblolly pine,

 |black oak-----------| 48 | 32 | Norway spruce, red

 |chestnut oak--------| 45 | 30 | pine, Virginia

 |white oak-----------| 48 | 32 | pine

 |hickory-------------| --- | --- |

_________________________|____________________|_____|________|___________________
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

436

Table 10a.--Forestland Management (Part 1)

(The information in this table indicates the dominant soil condition but does not eliminate the need

 for onsite investigation. The numbers in the value columns range from 0.01 to 1.00. The larger

 the value, the greater the limitation. See text for further explanation of ratings in this table.)

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 | | Limitations affecting | Suitability for | Suitability for use of

 |Pct.| construction of haul | log landings | harvesting equipment

 Map symbol | of | roads and log landings | |

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

AgB: | | | | | | |

 Allegheny-----------| 80 |Moderate | |Moderately suited | |Moderately suited |

 | | Cutbanks cave |0.50 | Strength |0.50 | Strength |0.50

 | | Strength |0.50 | Cutbanks cave |0.50 | Rutting |0.50

 | | | | | | |

AgC: | | | | | | |

 Allegheny-----------| 80 |Moderate | |Moderately suited | |Moderately suited |

 | | Cutbanks cave |0.50 | Strength |0.50 | Strength |0.50

 | | Strength |0.50 | Cutbanks cave |0.50 | Rutting |0.50

 | | | | | | |

AnB: | | | | | | |

 Andover-------------| 75 |Moderate | |Poorly suited | |Moderately suited |

 | | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | Wetness |1.00 | Rutting |0.25

 | | | | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | |

 | | | | | | |

Ba: | | | | | | |

 Basher--------------| 75 |Severe | |Poorly suited | |Moderately suited |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00 | Strength |0.50

 | | Strength |0.50 | Strength |0.50 | Rutting |0.50

 | | | | | | |

BbC: | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 80 |Slight | |Moderately suited | |Moderately suited |

 | | | | Rock fragments |0.23 | Rutting |0.25

 | | | | Slope |0.05 | Rock fragments |0.23

 | | | | | | |

BbE: | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 75 |Moderate | |Poorly suited | |Moderately suited |

 | | 15 to 30% slope |0.77 | Slope |1.00 | 20 to 35% slope |0.34

 | | Cutbanks cave |0.50 | Cutbanks cave |0.50 | Rutting |0.25

 | | | | Rock fragments |0.23 | Rock fragments |0.23

 | | | | | | |

BcD: | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 45 |Moderate | |Poorly suited | |Moderately suited |

 | | Cutbanks cave |0.50 | Slope |1.00 | Rutting |0.25

 | | 15 to 30% slope |0.22 | Cutbanks cave |0.50 | 20 to 35% slope |0.01

 | | | | | | |

 Calvin--------------| 40 |Moderate | |Poorly suited | |Moderately suited |

 | | Cutbanks cave |0.50 | Slope |1.00 | Strength |0.50

 | | 15 to 30% slope |0.22 | Strength |0.50 | Rutting |0.50

 | | | | Cutbanks cave |0.50 | 20 to 35% slope |0.01

 | | | | | | |

BcE: | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 50 |Moderate | |Poorly suited | |Moderately suited |

 | | >30% slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | 20 to 35% slope |0.67

 | | Cutbanks cave |0.50 | Cutbanks cave |0.50 | Rutting |0.25

 | | | | | | |

 Calvin--------------| 40 |Moderate | |Poorly suited | |Moderately suited |

 | | >30% slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | 20 to 35% slope |0.67

 | | Cutbanks cave |0.50 | Strength |0.50 | Strength |0.50

 | | | | Cutbanks cave |0.50 | Rutting |0.50

 | | | | | | |

BcF: | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 50 |Severe | |Poorly suited | |Poorly suited |

 | | >30% slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | >35% slope |1.00

 | | Cutbanks cave |0.50 | Cutbanks cave |0.50 | Rutting |0.25

 | | | | | | |
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

437

Table 10a.--Forestland Management (Part 1)--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 | | Limitations affecting | Suitability for | Suitability for use of

 |Pct.| construction of haul | log landings | harvesting equipment

 Map symbol | of | roads and log landings | |

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

BcF: | | | | | | |

 Calvin--------------| 40 |Severe | |Poorly suited | |Poorly suited |

 | | >30% slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | >35% slope |1.00

 | | Cutbanks cave |0.50 | Strength |0.50 | Strength |0.50

 | | | | Cutbanks cave |0.50 | Rutting |0.50

 | | | | | | |

BeB: | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 50 |Slight | |Well suited | |Moderately suited |

 | | | | | | Rutting |0.25

 | | | | | | |

 Clearbrook----------| 45 |Moderate | |Moderately suited | |Moderately suited |

 | | Strength |0.50 | Wetness |0.80 | Strength |0.50

 | | | | Strength |0.50 | Rutting |0.50

 | | | | | | |

BeC: | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 55 |Slight | |Moderately suited | |Moderately suited |

 | | | | Slope |0.63 | Rutting |0.25

 | | | | | | |

 Clearbrook----------| 40 |Moderate | |Moderately suited | |Moderately suited |

 | | Strength |0.34 | Wetness |0.71 | Strength |0.50

 | | | | Slope |0.63 | Rutting |0.50

 | | | | Strength |0.50 | |

 | | | | | | |

BkB: | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 45 |Slight | |Well suited | |Moderately suited |

 | | | | | | Rutting |0.25

 | | | | | | |

 Weikert-------------| 40 |Moderate | |Well suited | |Moderately suited |

 | | Restrictive layer |0.02 | | | Rutting |0.05

 | | | | | | |

BqF: | | | | | | |

 Blackthorn----------| 80 |Severe | |Poorly suited | |Poorly suited |

 | | >30% slope |1.00 | Rock fragments |1.00 | Rock fragments |1.00

 | | Cutbanks cave |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | >35% slope |1.00

 | | Stoniness |1.00 | Cutbanks cave |1.00 | Strength |0.50

 | | | | Strength |0.50 | Rutting |0.50

 | | | | | | |

BrB: | | | | | | |

 Brinkerton----------| 85 |Moderate | |Poorly suited | |Moderately suited |

 | | Strength |0.50 | Wetness |1.00 | Strength |0.50

 | | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | Strength |0.50 | Rutting |0.50

 | | | | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | |

 | | | | | | |

BuB: | | | | | | |

 Buchanan------------| 85 |Moderate | |Moderately suited | |Moderately suited |

 | | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | Rutting |0.05

 | | | | | | |

BuC: | | | | | | |

 Buchanan------------| 85 |Moderate | |Moderately suited | |Moderately suited |

 | | Cutbanks cave |0.50 | Slope |0.63 | Rutting |0.05

 | | | | Cutbanks cave |0.50 | |

 | | | | | | |

BxC: | | | | | | |

 Buchanan------------| 85 |Moderate | |Poorly suited | |Poorly suited |

 | | Stoniness |0.50 | Strength |1.00 | Strength |1.00

 | | Cutbanks cave |0.50 | Rock fragments |0.58 | Rock fragments |0.58

 | | Strength |0.50 | Cutbanks cave |0.50 | Rutting |0.50

 | | | | Slope |0.05 | |

 | | | | | | |
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

438

Table 10a.--Forestland Management (Part 1)--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 | | Limitations affecting | Suitability for | Suitability for use of

 |Pct.| construction of haul | log landings | harvesting equipment

 Map symbol | of | roads and log landings | |

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

BxE: | | | | | | |

 Buchanan------------| 85 |Severe | |Poorly suited | |Moderately suited |

 | | Cutbanks cave |1.00 | Cutbanks cave |1.00 | Rock fragments |0.58

 | | 15 to 30% slope |0.77 | Slope |1.00 | 20 to 35% slope |0.34

 | | Stoniness |0.50 | Rock fragments |0.58 | Rutting |0.25

 | | Strength |0.50 | | | |

 | | | | | | |

CbB: | | | | | | |

 Calvin--------------| 55 |Slight | |Moderately suited | |Moderately suited |

 | | | | Strength |0.50 | Strength |0.50

 | | | | | | Rutting |0.50

 | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 35 |Slight | |Well suited | |Moderately suited |

 | | | | | | Rutting |0.25

 | | | | | | |

CbC: | | | | | | |

 Calvin--------------| 50 |Slight | |Moderately suited | |Moderately suited |

 | | | | Slope |0.63 | Strength |0.50

 | | | | Strength |0.50 | Rutting |0.50

 | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 35 |Slight | |Moderately suited | |Moderately suited |

 | | | | Slope |0.63 | Rutting |0.25

 | | | | | | |

CkB: | | | | | | |

 Calvin--------------| 65 |Slight | |Moderately suited | |Moderately suited |

 | | | | Strength |0.50 | Strength |0.50

 | | | | | | Rutting |0.50

 | | | | | | |

 Klinesville---------| 30 |Moderate | |Well suited | |Moderately suited |

 | | Sandiness |0.09 | | | Rutting |0.05

 | | | | | | |

CkC: | | | | | | |

 Calvin--------------| 65 |Slight | |Moderately suited | |Moderately suited |

 | | | | Slope |0.63 | Strength |0.50

 | | | | Strength |0.50 | Rutting |0.50

 | | | | | | |

 Klinesville---------| 30 |Moderate | |Moderately suited | |Moderately suited |

 | | Sandiness |0.09 | Slope |0.63 | Rutting |0.05

 | | | | | | |

CkD: | | | | | | |

 Calvin--------------| 65 |Moderate | |Poorly suited | |Moderately suited |

 | | Cutbanks cave |0.50 | Slope |1.00 | Strength |0.50

 | | 15 to 30% slope |0.22 | Strength |0.50 | Rutting |0.50

 | | | | Cutbanks cave |0.50 | 20 to 35% slope |0.01

 | | | | | | |

 Klinesville---------| 30 |Moderate | |Poorly suited | |Moderately suited |

 | | 15 to 30% slope |0.22 | Slope |1.00 | Rutting |0.05

 | | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | 20 to 35% slope |0.01

 | | Sandiness |0.09 | | | |

 | | | | | | |

CkE: | | | | | | |

 Calvin--------------| 60 |Moderate | |Poorly suited | |Moderately suited |

 | | >30% slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | 20 to 35% slope |0.67

 | | Cutbanks cave |0.50 | Strength |0.50 | Strength |0.50

 | | | | Cutbanks cave |0.50 | Rutting |0.50

 | | | | | | |

 Klinesville---------| 30 |Moderate | |Poorly suited | |Moderately suited |

 | | >30% slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | 20 to 35% slope |0.67

 | | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | Rutting |0.05

 | | Sandiness |0.09 | | | |

 | | | | | | |
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

439

Table 10a.--Forestland Management (Part 1)--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 | | Limitations affecting | Suitability for | Suitability for use of

 |Pct.| construction of haul | log landings | harvesting equipment

 Map symbol | of | roads and log landings | |

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

CkF: | | | | | | |

 Calvin--------------| 45 |Severe | |Poorly suited | |Poorly suited |

 | | >30% slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | >35% slope |1.00

 | | Cutbanks cave |0.50 | Strength |0.50 | Strength |0.50

 | | | | Cutbanks cave |0.50 | Rutting |0.50

 | | | | | | |

 Klinesville---------| 30 |Severe | |Poorly suited | |Poorly suited |

 | | >30% slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | >35% slope |1.00

 | | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | Rutting |0.05

 | | | | | | |

ClC: | | | | | | |

 Caneyville----------| 90 |Severe | |Poorly suited | |Moderately suited |

 | | Cutbanks cave |1.00 | Cutbanks cave |1.00 | Strength |0.50

 | | | | Slope |0.63 | Rutting |0.50

 | | | | Strength |0.50 | |

 | | | | | | |

ClD: | | | | | | |

 Caneyville----------| 85 |Severe | |Poorly suited | |Moderately suited |

 | | Cutbanks cave |1.00 | Cutbanks cave |1.00 | Strength |0.50

 | | Strength |0.50 | Slope |1.00 | Rutting |0.50

 | | Stickiness |0.50 | Strength |0.50 | 20 to 35% slope |0.01

 | | Slope |0.50 | | | |

 | | 15 to 30% slope |0.22 | | | |

 | | | | | | |

ClE: | | | | | | |

 Caneyville----------| 85 |Severe | |Poorly suited | |Moderately suited |

 | | Cutbanks cave |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | 20 to 35% slope |0.67

 | | >30% slope |1.00 | Cutbanks cave |1.00 | Strength |0.50

 | | Stickiness |0.50 | Strength |0.50 | Rutting |0.50

 | | Slope |0.50 | | | |

 | | Strength |0.50 | | | |

 | | | | | | |

CnF: | | | | | | |

 Caneyville----------| 85 |Severe | |Poorly suited | |Poorly suited |

 | | >30% slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | >35% slope |1.00

 | | Cutbanks cave |1.00 | Cutbanks cave |1.00 | Strength |0.50

 | | Strength |0.50 | Strength |0.50 | Rutting |0.50

 | | | | | | |

CrB: | | | | | | |

 Clarksburg----------| 80 |Moderate | |Moderately suited | |Moderately suited |

 | | Strength |0.50 | Strength |0.50 | Strength |0.50

 | | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | Rutting |0.50

 | | | | | | |

CrC: | | | | | | |

 Clarksburg----------| 80 |Moderate | |Moderately suited | |Moderately suited |

 | | Cutbanks cave |0.50 | Slope |0.63 | Strength |0.50

 | | Strength |0.34 | Strength |0.50 | Rutting |0.50

 | | | | Cutbanks cave |0.50 | |

 | | | | | | |

CvB: | | | | | | |

 Clearbrook----------| 50 |Moderate | |Moderately suited | |Moderately suited |

 | | Strength |0.50 | Wetness |0.99 | Strength |0.50

 | | | | Strength |0.50 | Rutting |0.50

 | | | | | | |

 Cavode--------------| 35 |Moderate | |Moderately suited | |Moderately suited |

 | | Strength |0.50 | Wetness |0.95 | Strength |0.50

 | | | | Strength |0.50 | Rutting |0.50

 | | | | | | |
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

440

Table 10a.--Forestland Management (Part 1)--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 | | Limitations affecting | Suitability for | Suitability for use of

 |Pct.| construction of haul | log landings | harvesting equipment

 Map symbol | of | roads and log landings | |

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

Cz: | | | | | | |

 Combs---------------| 85 |Severe | |Poorly suited | |Moderately suited |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00 | Rutting |0.25

 | | | | | | |

DkC: | | | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 85 |Moderate | |Moderately suited | |Moderately suited |

 | | Stoniness |0.50 | Rock fragments |0.62 | Rock fragments |0.62

 | | | | Strength |0.50 | Strength |0.50

 | | | | Slope |0.05 | Rutting |0.50

 | | | | | | |

DrE: | | | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 70 |Severe | |Poorly suited | |Poorly suited |

 | | Stoniness |1.00 | Rock fragments |1.00 | Rock fragments |1.00

 | | 15 to 30% slope |0.22 | Slope |1.00 | Rutting |0.50

 | | | | | | 20 to 35% slope |0.01

 | | | | | | |

 Rock outcrop--------| 15 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | |

DsB: | | | | | | |

 Downsville----------| 85 |Moderate | |Moderately suited | |Moderately suited |

 | | Cutbanks cave |0.50 | Strength |0.50 | Strength |0.50

 | | Strength |0.50 | Cutbanks cave |0.50 | Rutting |0.50

 | | | | | | |

DsC: | | | | | | |

 Downsville----------| 80 |Moderate | |Moderately suited | |Moderately suited |

 | | Cutbanks cave |0.50 | Slope |0.63 | Strength |0.50

 | | Strength |0.34 | Strength |0.50 | Rutting |0.50

 | | | | Cutbanks cave |0.50 | |

 | | | | | | |

Dz: | | | | | | |

 Dunning-------------| 85 |Severe | |Poorly suited | |Poorly suited |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Ponding |1.00 | Wetness |1.00

 | | Wetness |1.00 | Flooding |1.00 | Strength |0.50

 | | Strength |0.50 | Wetness |1.00 | Rutting |0.50

 | | | | Strength |0.50 | |

 | | | | | | |

ErB: | | | | | | |

 Ernest--------------| 85 |Moderate | |Moderately suited | |Moderately suited |

 | | Strength |0.50 | Strength |0.50 | Strength |0.50

 | | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | Rutting |0.50

 | | | | Wetness |0.04 | |

 | | | | | | |

ErC: | | | | | | |

 Ernest--------------| 80 |Moderate | |Moderately suited | |Moderately suited |

 | | Cutbanks cave |0.50 | Slope |0.63 | Strength |0.50

 | | Strength |0.34 | Strength |0.50 | Rutting |0.50

 | | | | Cutbanks cave |0.50 | |

 | | | | Wetness |0.04 | |

 | | | | | | |

HaE: | | | | | | |

 Hazleton------------| 45 |Severe | |Poorly suited | |Moderately suited |

 | | Cutbanks cave |1.00 | Cutbanks cave |1.00 | Rock fragments |0.58

 | | 15 to 30% slope |0.77 | Slope |1.00 | 20 to 35% slope |0.34

 | | Stoniness |0.50 | Rock fragments |0.58 | Rutting |0.05

 | | | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 40 |Moderate | |Poorly suited | |Moderately suited |

 | | 15 to 30% slope |0.77 | Slope |1.00 | Rock fragments |0.58

 | | Stoniness |0.50 | Rock fragments |0.58 | Strength |0.50

 | | Cutbanks cave |0.50 | Strength |0.50 | Rutting |0.50

 | | | | Cutbanks cave |0.50 | 20 to 35% slope |0.34

 | | | | | | |
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

441

Table 10a.--Forestland Management (Part 1)--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 | | Limitations affecting | Suitability for | Suitability for use of

 |Pct.| construction of haul | log landings | harvesting equipment

 Map symbol | of | roads and log landings | |

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

HaF: | | | | | | |

 Hazleton------------| 55 |Severe | |Poorly suited | |Poorly suited |

 | | >30% slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | >35% slope |1.00

 | | Cutbanks cave |1.00 | Cutbanks cave |1.00 | Rock fragments |0.58

 | | Stoniness |0.50 | Rock fragments |0.58 | Rutting |0.05

 | | | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 25 |Severe | |Poorly suited | |Poorly suited |

 | | >30% slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | >35% slope |1.00

 | | Stoniness |0.50 | Rock fragments |0.58 | Rock fragments |0.58

 | | Cutbanks cave |0.50 | Strength |0.50 | Strength |0.50

 | | | | Cutbanks cave |0.50 | Rutting |0.50

 | | | | | | |

HdF: | | | | | | |

 Hazleton------------| 55 |Severe | |Poorly suited | |Poorly suited |

 | | >30% slope |1.00 | Rock fragments |1.00 | Rock fragments |1.00

 | | Cutbanks cave |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | >35% slope |1.00

 | | Stoniness |1.00 | Cutbanks cave |1.00 | Rutting |0.05

 | | | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 25 |Severe | |Poorly suited | |Poorly suited |

 | | >30% slope |1.00 | Rock fragments |1.00 | Rock fragments |1.00

 | | Stoniness |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | >35% slope |1.00

 | | Cutbanks cave |0.50 | Strength |0.50 | Strength |0.50

 | | | | Cutbanks cave |0.50 | Rutting |0.50

 | | | | | | |

 Rock outcrop--------| 15 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | |

HeF: | | | | | | |

 Hazleton------------| 55 |Severe | |Poorly suited | |Poorly suited |

 | | >30% slope |1.00 | Rock fragments |1.00 | Rock fragments |1.00

 | | Cutbanks cave |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | >35% slope |1.00

 | | Stoniness |1.00 | Cutbanks cave |1.00 | Rutting |0.05

 | | | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 25 |Severe | |Poorly suited | |Poorly suited |

 | | >30% slope |1.00 | Rock fragments |1.00 | Rock fragments |1.00

 | | Stoniness |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | >35% slope |1.00

 | | Cutbanks cave |0.50 | Strength |0.50 | Strength |0.50

 | | | | Cutbanks cave |0.50 | Rutting |0.50

 | | | | | | |

 Rock outcrop--------| 15 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | |

HlF: | | | | | | |

 Hazleton------------| 50 |Severe | |Poorly suited | |Poorly suited |

 | | >30% slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | >35% slope |1.00

 | | Cutbanks cave |1.00 | Cutbanks cave |1.00 | Rock fragments |0.58

 | | Stoniness |0.50 | Rock fragments |0.58 | Rutting |0.05

 | | | | | | |

 Lehew---------------| 20 |Severe | |Poorly suited | |Poorly suited |

 | | >30% slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | >35% slope |1.00

 | | Stoniness |0.50 | Rock fragments |0.58 | Rock fragments |0.58

 | | Cutbanks cave |0.50 | Strength |0.50 | Strength |0.50

 | | | | Cutbanks cave |0.50 | Rutting |0.50

 | | | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 15 |Severe | |Poorly suited | |Poorly suited |

 | | >30% slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | >35% slope |1.00

 | | Stoniness |0.50 | Rock fragments |0.58 | Rock fragments |0.58

 | | Cutbanks cave |0.50 | Strength |0.50 | Strength |0.50

 | | | | Cutbanks cave |0.50 | Rutting |0.50

 | | | | | | |
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

442

Table 10a.--Forestland Management (Part 1)--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 | | Limitations affecting | Suitability for | Suitability for use of

 |Pct.| construction of haul | log landings | harvesting equipment

 Map symbol | of | roads and log landings | |

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

Ho: | | | | | | |

 Holly---------------| 80 |Severe | |Poorly suited | |Poorly suited |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Ponding |1.00 | Wetness |1.00

 | | Wetness |1.00 | Flooding |1.00 | Strength |0.50

 | | Strength |0.50 | Wetness |0.99 | Rutting |0.50

 | | | | Strength |0.50 | |

 | | | | | | |

HwB: | | | | | | |

 Hustontown----------| 85 |Moderate | |Moderately suited | |Moderately suited |

 | | Strength |0.50 | Strength |0.50 | Strength |0.50

 | | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | Wetness |0.18 | Rutting |0.50

 | | | | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | |

 | | | | | | |

Ln: | | | | | | |

 Lindside------------| 80 |Severe | |Poorly suited | |Moderately suited |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00 | Strength |0.50

 | | Strength |0.50 | Strength |0.50 | Rutting |0.50

 | | | | | | |

LzC: | | | | | | |

 Litz----------------| 90 |Slight | |Moderately suited | |Moderately suited |

 | | | | Slope |0.50 | Strength |0.50

 | | | | Strength |0.50 | Rutting |0.50

 | | | | | | |

LzD: | | | | | | |

 Litz----------------| 85 |Moderate | |Poorly suited | |Moderately suited |

 | | Cutbanks cave |0.50 | Slope |1.00 | Strength |0.50

 | | 15 to 30% slope |0.22 | Strength |0.50 | Rutting |0.50

 | | | | Cutbanks cave |0.50 | 20 to 35% slope |0.01

 | | | | | | |

LzE: | | | | | | |

 Litz----------------| 80 |Moderate | |Poorly suited | |Moderately suited |

 | | >30% slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | 20 to 35% slope |0.67

 | | Cutbanks cave |0.50 | Strength |0.50 | Strength |0.50

 | | | | Cutbanks cave |0.50 | Rutting |0.50

 | | | | | | |

LzF: | | | | | | |

 Litz----------------| 80 |Severe | |Poorly suited | |Poorly suited |

 | | >30% slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | >35% slope |1.00

 | | Cutbanks cave |0.50 | Strength |0.50 | Strength |0.50

 | | | | Cutbanks cave |0.50 | Rutting |0.50

 | | | | | | |

Me: | | | | | | |

 Melvin--------------| 90 |Severe | |Poorly suited | |Poorly suited |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Ponding |1.00 | Wetness |1.00

 | | Wetness |1.00 | Flooding |1.00 | Strength |0.50

 | | Strength |0.50 | Wetness |0.99 | Rutting |0.50

 | | | | Strength |0.50 | |

 | | | | | | |

MhA: | | | | | | |

 Monongahela---------| 80 |Moderate | |Moderately suited | |Moderately suited |

 | | Strength |0.50 | Strength |0.50 | Strength |0.50

 | | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | Rutting |0.50

 | | | | Wetness |0.02 | |

 | | | | | | |

MhB: | | | | | | |

 Monongahela---------| 85 |Moderate | |Moderately suited | |Moderately suited |

 | | Cutbanks cave |0.50 | Strength |0.50 | Strength |0.50

 | | Strength |0.50 | Cutbanks cave |0.50 | Rutting |0.50

 | | | | Wetness |0.02 | |

 | | | | | | |
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

443

Table 10a.--Forestland Management (Part 1)--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 | | Limitations affecting | Suitability for | Suitability for use of

 |Pct.| construction of haul | log landings | harvesting equipment

 Map symbol | of | roads and log landings | |

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

MhC: | | | | | | |

 Monongahela---------| 80 |Moderate | |Moderately suited | |Moderately suited |

 | | Cutbanks cave |0.50 | Slope |0.63 | Strength |0.50

 | | Strength |0.34 | Strength |0.50 | Rutting |0.50

 | | | | Cutbanks cave |0.50 | |

 | | | | Wetness |0.02 | |

 | | | | | | |

MrC: | | | | | | |

 Murrill-------------| 90 |Moderate | |Moderately suited | |Moderately suited |

 | | Cutbanks cave |0.50 | Slope |0.63 | Strength |0.50

 | | Strength |0.34 | Strength |0.50 | Rutting |0.50

 | | | | Cutbanks cave |0.50 | |

 | | | | | | |

MrD: | | | | | | |

 Murrill-------------| 85 |Severe | |Poorly suited | |Moderately suited |

 | | Cutbanks cave |1.00 | Cutbanks cave |1.00 | Strength |0.50

 | | Strength |0.50 | Slope |1.00 | Rutting |0.50

 | | 15 to 30% slope |0.22 | Strength |0.50 | 20 to 35% slope |0.01

 | | | | | | |

MsC: | | | | | | |

 Murrill-------------| 85 |Moderate | |Moderately suited | |Moderately suited |

 | | Stoniness |0.50 | Rock fragments |0.58 | Rock fragments |0.58

 | | Cutbanks cave |0.50 | Strength |0.50 | Strength |0.50

 | | Strength |0.50 | Cutbanks cave |0.50 | Rutting |0.50

 | | | | Slope |0.05 | |

 | | | | | | |

MsE: | | | | | | |

 Murrill-------------| 85 |Severe | |Poorly suited | |Moderately suited |

 | | Cutbanks cave |1.00 | Cutbanks cave |1.00 | Rock fragments |0.58

 | | 15 to 30% slope |0.77 | Slope |1.00 | Strength |0.50

 | | Stoniness |0.50 | Rock fragments |0.58 | Rutting |0.50

 | | Strength |0.50 | Strength |0.50 | 20 to 35% slope |0.34

 | | | | | | |

Pg: | | | | | | |

 Philo---------------| 75 |Severe | |Poorly suited | |Moderately suited |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00 | Strength |0.50

 | | Strength |0.50 | Strength |0.50 | Rutting |0.50

 | | | | | | |

Ph: | | | | | | |

 Philo---------------| 75 |Severe | |Poorly suited | |Moderately suited |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00 | Strength |0.50

 | | Strength |0.50 | Strength |0.50 | Rutting |0.50

 | | | | | | |

Ps: | | | | | | |

 Pope----------------| 90 |Severe | |Poorly suited | |Moderately suited |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00 | Strength |0.50

 | | Strength |0.50 | Strength |0.50 | Rutting |0.50

 | | | | | | |

Px: | | | | | | |

 Pope----------------| 90 |Severe | |Poorly suited | |Moderately suited |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00 | Strength |0.50

 | | Strength |0.50 | Strength |0.50 | Rutting |0.50

 | | | | | | |

Pz: | | | | | | |

 Pope----------------| 50 |Severe | |Poorly suited | |Moderately suited |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00 | Strength |0.50

 | | Strength |0.50 | Strength |0.50 | Rutting |0.50

 | | | | | | |

 Philo---------------| 30 |Severe | |Poorly suited | |Moderately suited |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00 | Strength |0.50

 | | Strength |0.50 | Strength |0.50 | Rutting |0.50
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

444

Table 10a.--Forestland Management (Part 1)--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 | | Limitations affecting | Suitability for | Suitability for use of

 |Pct.| construction of haul | log landings | harvesting equipment

 Map symbol | of | roads and log landings | |

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

Qm: | | | | | | |

 Quarry, limestone---| 97 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | |

Qo: | | | | | | |

 Quarry, sandstone---| 95 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | |

Qs: | | | | | | |

 Quarry, shale-------| 96 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | |

ReG: | | | | | | |

 Rock outcrop--------| 50 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | |

 Opequon-------------| 40 |Severe | |Poorly suited | |Poorly suited |

 | | >30% slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | >35% slope |1.00

 | | Cutbanks cave |1.00 | Cutbanks cave |1.00 | Rutting |0.50

 | | Restrictive layer |0.41 | Stickiness |0.02 | Stickiness |0.02

 | | | | | | |

RgG: | | | | | | |

 Rock outcrop--------| 50 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | |

 Rough---------------| 45 |Severe | |Poorly suited | |Poorly suited |

 | | >30% slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | >35% slope |1.00

 | | Cutbanks cave |1.00 | Cutbanks cave |1.00 | Rutting |0.05

 | | Restrictive layer |0.88 | | | |

 | | | | | | |

RuD: | | | | | | |

 Rushtown------------| 90 |Moderate | |Poorly suited | |Moderately suited |

 | | Cutbanks cave |0.50 | Slope |1.00 | Rutting |0.05

 | | Sandiness |0.50 | Cutbanks cave |0.50 | 20 to 35% slope |0.01

 | | | | | | |

RuF: | | | | | | |

 Rushtown------------| 85 |Severe | |Poorly suited | |Poorly suited |

 | | >30% slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | >35% slope |1.00

 | | Cutbanks cave |1.00 | Cutbanks cave |1.00 | Rutting |0.05

 | | | | | | |

ShC: | | | | | | |

 Schaffenaker--------| 80 |Moderate | |Moderately suited | |Moderately suited |

 | | Sandiness |0.30 | Rock fragments |0.30 | Rock fragments |0.30

 | | | | Sandiness |0.14 | Rutting |0.25

 | | | | Slope |0.05 | Sandiness |0.14

SkF: | | | | | | |

 Schaffenaker--------| 45 |Severe | |Poorly suited | |Poorly suited |

 | | >30% slope |1.00 | Rock fragments |1.00 | Rock fragments |1.00

 | | Stoniness |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | >35% slope |1.00

 | | Cutbanks cave |0.50 | Cutbanks cave |0.50 | Rutting |0.25

 | | | | Sandiness |0.14 | Sandiness |0.14

 | | | | | | |

 Rock outcrop--------| 40 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | |

SnE: | | | | | | |

 Schaffenaker--------| 45 |Moderate | |Poorly suited | |Moderately suited |

 | | 15 to 30% slope |0.77 | Slope |1.00 | 20 to 35% slope |0.34

 | | Cutbanks cave |0.50 | Cutbanks cave |0.50 | Rock fragments |0.30

 | | Sandiness |0.50 | Rock fragments |0.30 | Rutting |0.25

 | | | | Sandiness |0.14 | Sandiness |0.14

 | | | | | | |

 Vanderlip-----------| 40 |Severe | |Poorly suited | |Moderately suited |

 | | Cutbanks cave |1.00 | Cutbanks cave |1.00 | Rutting |0.50

 | | 15 to 30% slope |0.77 | Slope |1.00 | 20 to 35% slope |0.34

 | | Sandiness |0.49 | Rock fragments |0.30 | Rock fragments |0.30

 | | Stoniness |0.19 | | | |
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

445

Table 10a.--Forestland Management (Part 1)--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 | | Limitations affecting | Suitability for | Suitability for use of

 |Pct.| construction of haul | log landings | harvesting equipment

 Map symbol | of | roads and log landings | |

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

SnF: | | | | | | |

 Schaffenaker--------| 40 |Severe | |Poorly suited | |Poorly suited |

 | | >30% slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | >35% slope |1.00

 | | Cutbanks cave |0.50 | Cutbanks cave |0.50 | Rock fragments |0.30

 | | | | Rock fragments |0.30 | Rutting |0.25

 | | | | Sandiness |0.14 | Sandiness |0.14

 | | | | | | |

 Vanderlip-----------| 40 |Severe | |Poorly suited | |Poorly suited |

 | | >30% slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | >35% slope |1.00

 | | Cutbanks cave |1.00 | Cutbanks cave |1.00 | Rutting |0.50

 | | | | Rock fragments |0.30 | Rock fragments |0.30

 | | | | | | |

SxC: | | | | | | |

 Sideling------------| 85 |Moderate | |Moderately suited | |Moderately suited |

 | | Stoniness |0.50 | Rock fragments |0.58 | Rock fragments |0.58

 | | Cutbanks cave |0.50 | Cutbanks cave |0.50 | Rutting |0.50

 | | Strength |0.50 | Slope |0.05 | |

 | | | | | | |

SxE: | | | | | | |

 Sideling------------| 80 |Severe | |Poorly suited | |Moderately suited |

 | | Cutbanks cave |1.00 | Cutbanks cave |1.00 | Rock fragments |0.58

 | | 15 to 30% slope |0.77 | Slope |1.00 | Rutting |0.50

 | | Stoniness |0.50 | Rock fragments |0.58 | 20 to 35% slope |0.34

 | | Strength |0.50 | | | |

 | | | | | | |

SyE: | | | | | | |

 Sideling------------| 80 |Severe | |Poorly suited | |Poorly suited |

 | | Cutbanks cave |1.00 | Rock fragments |1.00 | Rock fragments |1.00

 | | Stoniness |1.00 | Cutbanks cave |1.00 | 20 to 35% slope |0.34

 | | 15 to 30% slope |0.77 | Slope |1.00 | Rutting |0.25

 | | Strength |0.50 | | | |

 | | | | | | |

Ta: | | | | | | |

 Tioga---------------| 90 |Severe | |Poorly suited | |Moderately suited |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00 | Strength |0.50

 | | Strength |0.50 | Strength |0.50 | Rutting |0.50

 | | | | | | |

TyA: | | | | | | |

 Tygart--------------| 85 |Moderate | |Moderately suited | |Moderately suited |

 | | Cutbanks cave |0.50 | Wetness |0.99 | Strength |0.50

 | | Strength |0.50 | Strength |0.50 | Rutting |0.50

 | | | | Cutbanks cave |0.50 | |

 | | | | | | |

Ua: | | | | | | |

 Udorthents----------| 95 |Slight | |Well suited | |Well suited |

 | | | | | | |

Uu: | | | | | | |

 Urban land----------| 45 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | |

 Udorthents----------| 45 |Slight | |Well suited | |Well suited |

 | | | | | | |

WaB: | | | | | | |

 Weikert-------------| 85 |Moderate | |Well suited | |Moderately suited |

 | | Restrictive layer |0.02 | | | Rutting |0.05

 | | | | | | |

WaC: | | | | | | |

 Weikert-------------| 85 |Moderate | |Moderately suited | |Moderately suited |

 | | Restrictive layer |0.02 | Slope |0.63 | Rutting |0.05

 | | | | | | |
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

446

Table 10a.--Forestland Management (Part 1)--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 | | Limitations affecting | Suitability for | Suitability for use of

 |Pct.| construction of haul | log landings | harvesting equipment

 Map symbol | of | roads and log landings | |

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

WbC: | | | | | | |

 Weikert-------------| 45 |Moderate | |Moderately suited | |Moderately suited |

 | | Restrictive layer |0.02 | Slope |0.63 | Rutting |0.05

 | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 40 |Slight | |Moderately suited | |Moderately suited |

 | | | | Slope |0.63 | Rutting |0.25

 | | | | | | |

WbD: | | | | | | |

 Weikert-------------| 50 |Moderate | |Poorly suited | |Moderately suited |

 | | 15 to 30% slope |0.22 | Slope |1.00 | Rutting |0.05

 | | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | 20 to 35% slope |0.01

 | | Restrictive layer |0.02 | | | |

 | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 35 |Moderate | |Poorly suited | |Moderately suited |

 | | Cutbanks cave |0.50 | Slope |1.00 | Rutting |0.25

 | | 15 to 30% slope |0.22 | Cutbanks cave |0.50 | 20 to 35% slope |0.01

 | | | | | | |

WkF: | | | | | | |

 Weikert-------------| 50 |Severe | |Poorly suited | |Poorly suited |

 | | >30% slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | >35% slope |1.00

 | | Cutbanks cave |0.50 | Cutbanks cave |0.50 | Rutting |0.05

 | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 35 |Severe | |Poorly suited | |Poorly suited |

 | | >30% slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | >35% slope |1.00

 | | Cutbanks cave |0.50 | Cutbanks cave |0.50 | Rutting |0.25

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

447

Table 10b.--Forestland Management (Part 2)

(The information in this table indicates the dominant soil condition but does not eliminate the need

 for onsite investigation. The numbers in the value columns range from 0.01 to 1.00. The larger

 the value, the greater the limitation. See text for further explanation of ratings in this table.)

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 |Pct.| Hazard of off-road | Hazard of erosion | Potential for damage

 Map symbol | of | or off-trail erosion | on roads and trails | to soil by fire

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and | | Rating class and | | Rating class and |

 | | limiting features |Value| limiting features |Value| limiting features |Value

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

AgB: | | | | | | |

 Allegheny-----------| 80 |Slight | |Moderate | |Low |

 | | | | Slope |0.50 | Texture |0.10

 | | | | Erodibility |0.50 | Coarse fragments |0.10

 | | | | | | |

AgC: | | | | | | |

 Allegheny-----------| 80 |Slight | |Moderate | |Low |

 | | | | Slope |0.50 | Texture |0.10

 | | | | Erodibility |0.50 | Coarse fragments |0.10

 | | | | | | |

AnB: | | | | | | |

 Andover-------------| 75 |Slight | |Moderate | |Low |

 | | | | Slope |0.50 | Texture |0.10

 | | | | Erodibility |0.50 | Coarse fragments |0.10

 | | | | | | |

Ba: | | | | | | |

 Basher--------------| 75 |Slight | |Slight | |Low |

 | | | | | | Texture |0.10

 | | | | | | Coarse fragments |0.10

 | | | | | | |

BbC: | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 80 |Slight | |Moderate | |Low |

 | | | | Slope |0.50 | |

 | | | | Erodibility |0.50 | |

 | | | | | | |

BbE: | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 75 |Moderate | |Severe | |Low |

 | | Slope |0.50 | Slope |0.95 | |

 | | Erodibility |0.50 | Erodibility |0.95 | |

 | | | | | | |

BcD: | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 45 |Moderate | |Severe | |Low |

 | | Slope |0.50 | Slope |0.95 | Texture |0.10

 | | Erodibility |0.50 | Erodibility |0.95 | Coarse fragments |0.10

 | | | | | | |

 Calvin--------------| 40 |Moderate | |Severe | |Moderate |

 | | Slope |0.50 | Slope |0.95 | Texture |0.50

 | | Erodibility |0.50 | Erodibility |0.95 | Surface depth |0.50

 | | | | | | Coarse fragments |0.50

 | | | | | | |

BcE: | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 50 |Moderate | |Severe | |Low |

 | | Slope |0.50 | Slope |0.95 | |

 | | Erodibility |0.50 | Erodibility |0.95 | |

 | | | | | | |

 Calvin--------------| 40 |Moderate | |Severe | |Moderate |

 | | Slope |0.50 | Slope |0.95 | Texture |0.50

 | | Erodibility |0.50 | Erodibility |0.95 | Slope |0.50

 | | | | | | Surface depth |0.50

 | | | | | | Coarse fragments |0.50

 | | | | | | |

BcF: | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 50 |Severe | |Severe | |Low |

 | | Slope |0.75 | Slope |0.95 | |

 | | Erodibility |0.75 | Erodibility |0.95 | |

 | | | | | | |
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

448

Table 10b.--Forestland Management (Part 2)--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 |Pct.| Hazard of off-road | Hazard of erosion | Potential for damage

 Map symbol | of | or off-trail erosion | on roads and trails | to soil by fire

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and | | Rating class and | | Rating class and |

 | | limiting features |Value| limiting features |Value| limiting features |Value

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

BcF: | | | | | | |

 Calvin--------------| 40 |Severe | |Severe | |Moderate |

 | | Slope |0.75 | Slope |0.95 | Texture |0.50

 | | Erodibility |0.75 | Erodibility |0.95 | Slope |0.50

 | | | | | | Surface depth |0.50

 | | | | | | Coarse fragments |0.50

 | | | | | | |

BeB: | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 50 |Slight | |Moderate | |Low |

 | | | | Slope |0.50 | Texture |0.10

 | | | | Erodibility |0.50 | Coarse fragments |0.10

 | | | | | | |

 Clearbrook----------| 45 |Slight | |Moderate | |Moderate |

 | | | | Slope |0.50 | Texture |0.50

 | | | | Erodibility |0.50 | Coarse fragments |0.50

 | | | | | | |

BeC: | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 55 |Slight | |Moderate | |Low |

 | | | | Slope |0.50 | Texture |0.10

 | | | | Erodibility |0.50 | Coarse fragments |0.10

 | | | | | | |

 Clearbrook----------| 40 |Slight | |Moderate | |Moderate |

 | | | | Slope |0.50 | Texture |0.50

 | | | | Erodibility |0.50 | Coarse fragments |0.50

 | | | | | | |

BkB: | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 45 |Slight | |Moderate | |Low |

 | | | | Slope |0.50 | Texture |0.10

 | | | | Erodibility |0.50 | Coarse fragments |0.10

 | | | | | | |

 Weikert-------------| 40 |Slight | |Moderate | |Low |

 | | | | Slope |0.50 | Texture |0.10

 | | | | Erodibility |0.50 | Coarse fragments |0.10

 | | | | | | |

BqF: | | | | | | |

 Blackthorn----------| 80 |Severe | |Severe | |Low |

 | | Slope |0.75 | Slope |0.95 | |

 | | Erodibility |0.75 | Erodibility |0.95 | |

 | | | | | | |

BrB: | | | | | | |

 Brinkerton----------| 85 |Slight | |Moderate | |Low |

 | | | | Slope |0.50 | Texture |0.10

 | | | | Erodibility |0.50 | Coarse fragments |0.10

 | | | | | | |

BuB: | | | | | | |

 Buchanan------------| 85 |Slight | |Moderate | |Low |

 | | | | Slope |0.50 | Texture |0.10

 | | | | Erodibility |0.50 | Coarse fragments |0.10

 | | | | | | |

BuC: | | | | | | |

 Buchanan------------| 85 |Slight | |Severe | |Low |

 | | | | Slope |0.95 | Texture |0.10

 | | | | Erodibility |0.95 | Coarse fragments |0.10

 | | | | | | |

BxC: | | | | | | |

 Buchanan------------| 85 |Slight | |Severe | |Low |

 | | | | Slope |0.95 | |

 | | | | Erodibility |0.95 | |

 | | | | | | |
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

449

Table 10b.--Forestland Management (Part 2)--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 |Pct.| Hazard of off-road | Hazard of erosion | Potential for damage

 Map symbol | of | or off-trail erosion | on roads and trails | to soil by fire

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and | | Rating class and | | Rating class and |

 | | limiting features |Value| limiting features |Value| limiting features |Value

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

BxE: | | | | | | |

 Buchanan------------| 85 |Moderate | |Severe | |Low |

 | | Slope |0.50 | Slope |0.95 | |

 | | Erodibility |0.50 | Erodibility |0.95 | |

 | | | | | | |

CbB: | | | | | | |

 Calvin--------------| 55 |Slight | |Moderate | |Low |

 | | | | Slope |0.50 | |

 | | | | Erodibility |0.50 | |

 | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 35 |Slight | |Moderate | |Low |

 | | | | Slope |0.50 | Texture |0.10

 | | | | Erodibility |0.50 | Coarse fragments |0.10

 | | | | | | |

CbC: | | | | | | |

 Calvin--------------| 50 |Slight | |Severe | |Low |

 | | | | Slope |0.95 | |

 | | | | Erodibility |0.95 | |

 | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 35 |Slight | |Moderate | |Low |

 | | | | Slope |0.50 | Texture |0.10

 | | | | Erodibility |0.50 | Coarse fragments |0.10

 | | | | | | |

CkB: | | | | | | |

 Calvin--------------| 65 |Slight | |Moderate | |Low |

 | | | | Slope |0.50 | |

 | | | | Erodibility |0.50 | |

 | | | | | | |

 Klinesville---------| 30 |Slight | |Moderate | |Moderate |

 | | | | Slope |0.95 | Texture |0.50

 | | | | Erodibility |0.95 | Surface depth |0.50

 | | | | | | Coarse fragments |0.50

 | | | | | | |

CkC: | | | | | | |

 Calvin--------------| 65 |Slight | |Severe | |Low |

 | | | | Slope |0.95 | |

 | | | | Erodibility |0.95 | |

 | | | | | | |

 Klinesville---------| 30 |Slight | |Moderate | |Moderate |

 | | | | Slope |0.50 | Texture |0.50

 | | | | Erodibility |0.50 | Surface depth |0.50

 | | | | | | Coarse fragments |0.50

 | | | | | | |

CkD: | | | | | | |

 Calvin--------------| 65 |Moderate | |Severe | |Moderate |

 | | Slope |0.50 | Slope |0.95 | Texture |0.50

 | | Erodibility |0.50 | Erodibility |0.95 | Surface depth |0.50

 | | | | | | Coarse fragments |0.50

 | | | | | | |

 Klinesville---------| 30 |Moderate | |Severe | |Moderate |

 | | Slope |0.50 | Slope |0.95 | Texture |0.50

 | | Erodibility |0.50 | Erodibility |0.95 | Surface depth |0.50

 | | | | | | Coarse fragments |0.50

 | | | | | | |

CkE: | | | | | | |

 Calvin--------------| 60 |Moderate | |Severe | |Moderate |

 | | Slope |0.50 | Slope |0.95 | Texture |0.50

 | | Erodibility |0.50 | Erodibility |0.95 | Slope |0.50

 | | | | | | Surface depth |0.50

 | | | | | | Coarse fragments |0.50

 | | | | | | |
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

450

Table 10b.--Forestland Management (Part 2)--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 |Pct.| Hazard of off-road | Hazard of erosion | Potential for damage

 Map symbol | of | or off-trail erosion | on roads and trails | to soil by fire

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and | | Rating class and | | Rating class and |

 | | limiting features |Value| limiting features |Value| limiting features |Value

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

CkE: | | | | | | |

 Klinesville---------| 30 |Moderate | |Severe | |Moderate |

 | | Slope |0.50 | Slope |0.95 | Texture |0.50

 | | Erodibility |0.50 | Erodibility |0.95 | Slope |0.50

 | | | | | | Surface depth |0.50

 | | | | | | Coarse fragments |0.50

 | | | | | | |

CkF: | | | | | | |

 Calvin--------------| 45 |Severe | |Severe | |Moderate |

 | | Slope |0.75 | Slope |0.95 | Texture |0.50

 | | Erodibility |0.75 | Erodibility |0.95 | Slope |0.50

 | | | | | | Surface depth |0.50

 | | | | | | Coarse fragments |0.50

 | | | | | | |

 Klinesville---------| 30 |Severe | |Severe | |Moderate |

 | | Slope |0.75 | Slope |0.95 | Texture |0.50

 | | Erodibility |0.75 | Erodibility |0.95 | Slope |0.50

 | | | | | | Surface depth |0.50

 | | | | | | Coarse fragments |0.50

 | | | | | | |

ClC: | | | | | | |

 Caneyville----------| 90 |Moderate | |Severe | |Low |

 | | Slope |0.50 | Slope |0.95 | |

 | | Erodibility |0.50 | Erodibility |0.95 | |

 | | | | | | |

ClD: | | | | | | |

 Caneyville----------| 85 |Moderate | |Severe | |Low |

 | | Slope |0.50 | Slope |0.95 | |

 | | Erodibility |0.50 | Erodibility |0.95 | |

 | | | | | | |

ClE: | | | | | | |

 Caneyville----------| 85 |Severe | |Severe | |Moderate |

 | | Slope |0.75 | Slope |0.95 | Texture |0.50

 | | Erodibility |0.75 | Erodibility |0.95 | Slope |0.50

 | | | | | | Surface depth |0.50

 | | | | | | Coarse fragments |0.50

 | | | | | | |

CnF: | | | | | | |

 Caneyville----------| 85 |Very severe | |Severe | |High |

 | | Slope |0.95 | Slope |0.95 | Texture |1.00

 | | Erodibility |0.95 | Erodibility |0.95 | Slope |1.00

 | | | | | | Surface depth |1.00

 | | | | | | Coarse fragments |1.00

 | | | | | | |

CrB: | | | | | | |

 Clarksburg----------| 80 |Slight | |Moderate | |Low |

 | | | | Slope |0.50 | Texture |0.10

 | | | | Erodibility |0.50 | Coarse fragments |0.10

 | | | | | | |

CrC: | | | | | | |

 Clarksburg----------| 80 |Slight | |Severe | |Low |

 | | | | Slope |0.95 | Texture |0.10

 | | | | Erodibility |0.95 | Coarse fragments |0.10

 | | | | | | |

CvB: | | | | | | |

 Clearbrook----------| 50 |Slight | |Slight | |Moderate |

 | | | | | | Texture |0.50

 | | | | | | Coarse fragments |0.50

 | | | | | | |

 Cavode--------------| 35 |Slight | |Moderate | |Low |

 | | | | Slope |0.50 | Texture |0.10

 | | | | Erodibility |0.50 | Coarse fragments |0.10
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

451

Table 10b.--Forestland Management (Part 2)--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 |Pct.| Hazard of off-road | Hazard of erosion | Potential for damage

 Map symbol | of | or off-trail erosion | on roads and trails | to soil by fire

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and | | Rating class and | | Rating class and |

 | | limiting features |Value| limiting features |Value| limiting features |Value

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

Cz: | | | | | | |

 Combs---------------| 85 |Slight | |Slight | |Low |

 | | | | | | Texture |0.10

 | | | | | | Coarse fragments |0.10

 | | | | | | |

DkC: | | | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 85 |Slight | |Moderate | |Low |

 | | | | Slope |0.50 | |

 | | | | Erodibility |0.50 | |

 | | | | | | |

DrE: | | | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 70 |Moderate | |Moderate | |Low |

 | | Slope |0.50 | Slope |0.50 | |

 | | Erodibility |0.50 | Erodibility |0.50 | |

 | | | | | | |

 Rock outcrop--------| 15 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | |

DsB: | | | | | | |

 Downsville----------| 85 |Slight | |Moderate | |Low |

 | | | | Slope |0.50 | Texture |0.10

 | | | | Erodibility |0.50 | Coarse fragments |0.10

 | | | | | | |

DsC: | | | | | | |

 Downsville----------| 80 |Slight | |Severe | |Low |

 | | | | Slope |0.95 | Texture |0.10

 | | | | Erodibility |0.95 | Coarse fragments |0.10

 | | | | | | |

Dz: | | | | | | |

 Dunning-------------| 85 |Slight | |Slight | |Low |

 | | | | | | Texture |0.10

 | | | | | | Coarse fragments |0.10

 | | | | | | |

ErB: | | | | | | |

 Ernest--------------| 85 |Slight | |Moderate | |Low |

 | | | | Slope |0.50 | Texture |0.10

 | | | | Erodibility |0.50 | Coarse fragments |0.10

 | | | | | | |

ErC: | | | | | | |

 Ernest--------------| 80 |Moderate | |Severe | |Low |

 | | Slope |0.50 | Slope |0.95 | Texture |0.10

 | | Erodibility |0.50 | Erodibility |0.95 | Coarse fragments |0.10

 | | | | | | |

HaE: | | | | | | |

 Hazleton------------| 45 |Moderate | |Severe | |Low |

 | | Slope |0.50 | Slope |0.95 | |

 | | Erodibility |0.50 | Erodibility |0.95 | |

 | | | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 40 |Moderate | |Severe | |Low |

 | | Slope |0.50 | Slope |0.95 | |

 | | Erodibility |0.50 | Erodibility |0.95 | |

 | | | | | | |

HaF: | | | | | | |

 Hazleton------------| 55 |Severe | |Severe | |Low |

 | | Slope |0.75 | Slope |0.95 | |

 | | Erodibility |0.75 | Erodibility |0.95 | |

 | | | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 25 |Severe | |Severe | |Low |

 | | Slope |0.75 | Slope |0.95 | |

 | | Erodibility |0.75 | Erodibility |0.95 | |

 | | | | | | |
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

452

Table 10b.--Forestland Management (Part 2)--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 |Pct.| Hazard of off-road | Hazard of erosion | Potential for damage

 Map symbol | of | or off-trail erosion | on roads and trails | to soil by fire

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and | | Rating class and | | Rating class and |

 | | limiting features |Value| limiting features |Value| limiting features |Value

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

HdF: | | | | | | |

 Hazleton------------| 55 |Severe | |Severe | |Low |

 | | Slope |0.75 | Slope |0.95 | |

 | | Erodibility |0.75 | Erodibility |0.95 | |

 | | | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 25 |Severe | |Severe | |Low |

 | | Slope |0.75 | Slope |0.95 | |

 | | Erodibility |0.75 | Erodibility |0.95 | |

 | | | | | | |

 Rock outcrop--------| 15 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | |

HeF: | | | | | | |

 Hazleton------------| 55 |Severe | |Severe | |Low |

 | | Slope |0.75 | Slope |0.95 | |

 | | Erodibility |0.75 | Erodibility |0.95 | |

 | | | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 25 |Severe | |Severe | |Low |

 | | Slope |0.75 | Slope |0.95 | |

 | | Erodibility |0.75 | Erodibility |0.95 | |

 | | | | | | |

 Rock outcrop--------| 15 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | |

HlF: | | | | | | |

 Hazleton------------| 50 |Severe | |Severe | |Low |

 | | Slope |0.75 | Slope |0.95 | |

 | | Erodibility |0.75 | Erodibility |0.95 | |

 | | | | | | |

 Lehew---------------| 20 |Severe | |Severe | |Low |

 | | Slope |0.75 | Slope |0.95 | |

 | | Erodibility |0.75 | Erodibility |0.95 | |

 | | | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 15 |Severe | |Severe | |Low |

 | | Slope |0.75 | Slope |0.95 | |

 | | Erodibility |0.75 | Erodibility |0.95 | |

 | | | | | | |

Ho: | | | | | | |

 Holly---------------| 80 |Slight | |Slight | |Low |

 | | | | | | |

HwB: | | | | | | |

 Hustontown----------| 85 |Slight | |Moderate | |Low |

 | | | | Slope |0.50 | Texture |0.10

 | | | | Erodibility |0.50 | Coarse fragments |0.10

 | | | | | | |

Ln: | | | | | | |

 Lindside------------| 80 |Slight | |Slight | |Low |

 | | | | | | Texture |0.10

 | | | | | | Coarse fragments |0.10

 | | | | | | |

LzC: | | | | | | |

 Litz----------------| 90 |Slight | |Severe | |Low |

 | | | | Slope |0.95 | |

 | | | | Erodibility |0.95 | |

 | | | | | | |

LzD: | | | | | | |

 Litz----------------| 85 |Moderate | |Severe | |Low |

 | | Slope |0.50 | Slope |0.95 | |

 | | Erodibility |0.50 | Erodibility |0.95 | |

 | | | | | | |

LzE: | | | | | | |

 Litz----------------| 80 |Moderate | |Severe | |Low |

 | | Slope |0.50 | Slope |0.95 | |

 | | Erodibility |0.50 | Erodibility |0.95 | |
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

453

Table 10b.--Forestland Management (Part 2)--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 |Pct.| Hazard of off-road | Hazard of erosion | Potential for damage

 Map symbol | of | or off-trail erosion | on roads and trails | to soil by fire

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and | | Rating class and | | Rating class and |

 | | limiting features |Value| limiting features |Value| limiting features |Value

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

LzF: | | | | | | |

 Litz----------------| 80 |Severe | |Severe | |Low |

 | | Slope |0.75 | Slope |0.95 | |

 | | Erodibility |0.75 | Erodibility |0.95 | |

 | | | | | | |

Me: | | | | | | |

 Melvin--------------| 90 |Slight | |Slight | |Low |

 | | | | | | Texture |0.10

 | | | | | | Coarse fragments |0.10

 | | | | | | |

MhA: | | | | | | |

 Monongahela---------| 80 |Slight | |Slight | |Low |

 | | | | | | Texture |0.10

 | | | | | | Coarse fragments |0.10

 | | | | | | |

MhB: | | | | | | |

 Monongahela---------| 85 |Slight | |Moderate | |Low |

 | | | | Slope |0.50 | Texture |0.10

 | | | | Erodibility |0.50 | Coarse fragments |0.10

 | | | | | | |

MhC: | | | | | | |

 Monongahela---------| 80 |Moderate | |Severe | |Low |

 | | Slope |0.50 | Slope |0.95 | Texture |0.10

 | | Erodibility |0.50 | Erodibility |0.95 | Coarse fragments |0.10

 | | | | | | |

MrC: | | | | | | |

 Murrill-------------| 90 |Slight | |Severe | |Low |

 | | | | Slope |0.95 | Texture |0.10

 | | | | Erodibility |0.95 | Coarse fragments |0.10

 | | | | | | |

MrD: | | | | | | |

 Murrill-------------| 85 |Moderate | |Severe | |Low |

 | | Slope |0.50 | Slope |0.95 | Texture |0.10

 | | Erodibility |0.50 | Erodibility |0.95 | Coarse fragments |0.10

 | | | | | | |

MsC: | | | | | | |

 Murrill-------------| 85 |Slight | |Severe | |Low |

 | | | | Slope |0.95 | Texture |0.10

 | | | | Erodibility |0.95 | Coarse fragments |0.10

 | | | | | | |

MsE: | | | | | | |

 Murrill-------------| 85 |Moderate | |Severe | |Low |

 | | Slope |0.50 | Slope |0.95 | Texture |0.10

 | | Erodibility |0.50 | Erodibility |0.95 | Coarse fragments |0.10

 | | | | | | |

Pg: | | | | | | |

 Philo---------------| 75 |Slight | |Slight | |Low |

 | | | | | | Texture |0.10

 | | | | | | Coarse fragments |0.10

 | | | | | | |

Ph: | | | | | | |

 Philo---------------| 75 |Slight | |Slight | |Low |

 | | | | | | Texture |0.10

 | | | | | | Coarse fragments |0.10

 | | | | | | |

Ps: | | | | | | |

 Pope----------------| 90 |Slight | |Slight | |Low |

 | | | | | | Texture |0.10

 | | | | | | Coarse fragments |0.10

 | | | | | | |
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

454

Table 10b.--Forestland Management (Part 2)--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 |Pct.| Hazard of off-road | Hazard of erosion | Potential for damage

 Map symbol | of | or off-trail erosion | on roads and trails | to soil by fire

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and | | Rating class and | | Rating class and |

 | | limiting features |Value| limiting features |Value| limiting features |Value

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

Px: | | | | | | |

 Pope----------------| 90 |Slight | |Slight | |Low |

 | | | | | | Texture |0.10

 | | | | | | Coarse fragments |0.10

 | | | | | | |

Pz: | | | | | | |

 Pope----------------| 50 |Slight | |Slight | |Low |

 | | | | | | Texture |0.10

 | | | | | | Coarse fragments |0.10

 | | | | | | |

 Philo---------------| 30 |Slight | |Slight | |Low |

 | | | | | | Texture |0.10

 | | | | | | Coarse fragments |0.10

 | | | | | | |

Qm: | | | | | | |

 Quarry, limestone---| 97 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | |

Qo: | | | | | | |

 Quarry, sandstone---| 95 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | |

Qs: | | | | | | |

 Quarry, shale-------| 96 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | |

ReG: | | | | | | |

 Rock outcrop--------| 50 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | |

 Opequon-------------| 40 |Very severe | |Severe | |High |

 | | Slope |0.95 | Slope |0.95 | Texture |1.00

 | | Erodibility |0.95 | Erodibility |0.95 | Slope |1.00

 | | | | | | Surface depth |1.00

 | | | | | | |

RgG: | | | | | | |

 Rock outcrop--------| 50 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | |

 Rough---------------| 45 |Very severe | |Severe | |High |

 | | Slope |0.95 | Slope |0.95 | Texture |1.00

 | | Erodibility |0.95 | Erodibility |0.95 | Slope |1.00

 | | | | | | Surface depth |1.00

 | | | | | | Coarse fragments |1.00

 | | | | | | |

RuD: | | | | | | |

 Rushtown------------| 90 |Moderate | |Severe | |Low |

 | | Slope |0.50 | Slope |0.95 | Texture |0.10

 | | Erodibility |0.50 | Erodibility |0.95 | Coarse fragments |0.10

 | | | | | | |

RuF: | | | | | | |

 Rushtown------------| 85 |Severe | |Severe | |Low |

 | | Slope |0.75 | Slope |0.95 | |

 | | Erodibility |0.75 | Erodibility |0.95 | |

 | | | | | | |

ShC: | | | | | | |

 Schaffenaker--------| 80 |Slight | |Moderate | |Low |

 | | | | Slope |0.50 | |

 | | | | Erodibility |0.50 | |

 | | | | | | |

SkF: | | | | | | |

 Schaffenaker--------| 45 |Severe | |Severe | |Low |

 | | Slope |0.75 | Slope |0.95 | |

 | | Erodibility |0.75 | Erodibility |0.95 | |

 | | | | | | |

 Rock outcrop--------| 40 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | |
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

455

Table 10b.--Forestland Management (Part 2)--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 |Pct.| Hazard of off-road | Hazard of erosion | Potential for damage

 Map symbol | of | or off-trail erosion | on roads and trails | to soil by fire

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and | | Rating class and | | Rating class and |

 | | limiting features |Value| limiting features |Value| limiting features |Value

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

SnE: | | | | | | |

 Schaffenaker--------| 45 |Moderate | |Severe | |Low |

 | | Slope |0.50 | Slope |0.95 | |

 | | Erodibility |0.50 | Erodibility |0.95 | |

 | | | | | | |

 Vanderlip-----------| 40 |Moderate | |Moderate | |Low |

 | | Slope |0.50 | Slope |0.50 | |

 | | Erodibility |0.50 | Erodibility |0.50 | |

 | | | | | | |

SnF: | | | | | | |

 Schaffenaker--------| 40 |Severe | |Severe | |Low |

 | | Slope |0.75 | Slope |0.95 | |

 | | Erodibility |0.75 | Erodibility |0.95 | |

 | | | | | | |

 Vanderlip-----------| 40 |Severe | |Severe | |Low |

 | | Slope |0.75 | Slope |0.95 | |

 | | Erodibility |0.75 | Erodibility |0.95 | |

 | | | | | | |

SxC: | | | | | | |

 Sideling------------| 85 |Slight | |Moderate | |Low |

 | | | | Slope |0.50 | |

 | | | | Erodibility |0.50 | |

 | | | | | | |

SxE: | | | | | | |

 Sideling------------| 80 |Moderate | |Severe | |Low |

 | | Slope |0.50 | Slope |0.95 | |

 | | Erodibility |0.50 | Erodibility |0.95 | |

 | | | | | | |

SyE: | | | | | | |

 Sideling------------| 80 |Moderate | |Moderate | |Low |

 | | Slope |0.50 | Slope |0.50 | |

 | | Erodibility |0.50 | Erodibility |0.50 | |

 | | | | | | |

Ta: | | | | | | |

 Tioga---------------| 90 |Slight | |Slight | |Low |

 | | | | | | Texture |0.10

 | | | | | | Coarse fragments |0.10

 | | | | | | |

TyA: | | | | | | |

 Tygart--------------| 85 |Slight | |Slight | |Low |

 | | | | | | Texture |0.10

 | | | | | | Coarse fragments |0.10

 | | | | | | |

Ua: | | | | | | |

 Udorthents----------| 95 |Slight | |Slight | |Low |

 | | | | | | |

Uu: | | | | | | |

 Urban Land----------| 45 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | |

 Udorthents----------| 45 |Slight | |Moderate | |Low |

 | | | | Slope |0.50 | |

 | | | | Erodibility |0.50 | |

 | | | | | | |

WaB: | | | | | | |

 Weikert-------------| 85 |Slight | |Moderate | |Low |

 | | | | Slope |0.50 | Texture |0.10

 | | | | Erodibility |0.50 | Coarse fragments |0.10

 | | | | | | |

WaC: | | | | | | |

 Weikert-------------| 85 |Slight | |Severe | |Low |

 | | | | Slope |0.95 | Texture |0.10

 | | | | Erodibility |0.95 | Coarse fragments |0.10
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

456

Table 10b.--Forestland Management (Part 2)--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 |Pct.| Hazard of off-road | Hazard of erosion | Potential for damage

 Map symbol | of | or off-trail erosion | on roads and trails | to soil by fire

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and | | Rating class and | | Rating class and |

 | | limiting features |Value| limiting features |Value| limiting features |Value

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

WbC: | | | | | | |

 Weikert-------------| 45 |Slight | |Severe | |Low |

 | | | | Slope |0.95 | Texture |0.10

 | | | | Erodibility |0.95 | Coarse fragments |0.10

 | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 40 |Slight | |Moderate | |Low |

 | | | | Slope |0.50 | Texture |0.10

 | | | | Erodibility |0.50 | Coarse fragments |0.10

 | | | | | | |

WbD: | | | | | | |

 Weikert-------------| 50 |Moderate | |Severe | |Moderate |

 | | Slope |0.50 | Slope |0.95 | Texture |0.50

 | | Erodibility |0.50 | Erodibility |0.95 | Surface depth |0.50

 | | | | | | Coarse fragments |0.50

 | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 35 |Moderate | |Severe | |Low |

 | | Slope |0.50 | Slope |0.95 | Texture |0.10

 | | Erodibility |0.50 | Erodibility |0.95 | Coarse fragments |0.10

 | | | | | | |

WkF: | | | | | | |

 Weikert-------------| 50 |Severe | |Severe | |Low |

 | | Slope |0.75 | Slope |0.95 | |

 | | Erodibility |0.75 | Erodibility |0.95 | |

 | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 35 |Severe | |Severe | |Low |

 | | Slope |0.75 | Slope |0.95 | |

 | | Erodibility |0.75 | Erodibility |0.95 | |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

457

Table 10c.--Forestland Management (Part 3)

(The information in this table indicates the dominant soil condition but does not eliminate the need

 for onsite investigation. The numbers in the value columns range from 0.01 to 1.00. The larger the

 value, the greater the limitation. See text for further explanation of ratings in this table.)

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 |Pct.| Suitability for | Suitability for | Potential for

 Map symbol | of | hand planting | mechanical planting | seedling mortality

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and | | Rating class and | | Rating class and |

 | | limiting features |Value| limiting features |Value| limiting features |Value

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

AgB: | | | | | | |

 Allegheny-----------| 80 |Moderately suited | |Moderately suited | |Low |

 | | Rock fragments |0.03 | Slope |0.05 | |

 | | | | | | |

AgC: | | | | | | |

 Allegheny-----------| 80 |Moderately suited | |Moderately suited | |Low |

 | | Rock fragments |0.03 | Slope |0.05 | |

 | | | | | | |

AnB: | | | | | | |

 Andover-------------| 75 |Moderately suited | |Moderately suited | |High |

 | | Rock fragments |0.19 | Rock fragments |0.05 | Wetness |1.00

 | | | | | | |

Ba: | | | | | | |

 Basher--------------| 75 |Moderately suited | |Well suited | |Low |

 | | Rock fragments |0.07 | | | |

 | | | | | | |

BbC: | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 80 |Moderately suited | |Moderately suited | |Moderate |

 | | Rock fragments |0.24 | Slope |0.20 | Soil reaction |0.50

 | | | | Rock fragments |0.13 | |

 | | | | | | |

BbE: | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 75 |Moderately suited | |Unsuited | |Moderate |

 | | Slope |0.38 | Slope |1.00 | Soil reaction |0.50

 | | Rock fragments |0.24 | Rock fragments |0.13 | Available water |0.50

 | | | | | | |

BcD: | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 45 |Moderately suited | |Poorly suited | |Moderate |

 | | Rock fragments |0.24 | Slope |0.75 | Available water |0.50

 | | Slope |0.19 | Rock fragments |0.13 | |

 | | | | | | |

 Calvin--------------| 40 |Moderately suited | |Poorly suited | |Moderate |

 | | Slope |0.19 | Slope |0.75 | Available water |0.50

 | | Rock fragments |0.17 | Rock fragments |0.22 | |

 | | | | | | |

BcE: | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 50 |Moderately suited | |Unsuited | |Moderate |

 | | Steep |0.56 | Slope |1.00 | Available water |0.50

 | | Rock fragments |0.24 | Rock fragments |0.13 | |

 | | | | | | |

 Calvin--------------| 40 |Moderately suited | |Unsuited | |Moderate |

 | | Steep |0.56 | Slope |1.00 | Available water |0.50

 | | Rock fragments |0.17 | Rock fragments |0.22 | |

 | | | | | | |

BcF: | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 50 |Moderately suited | |Unsuited | |Moderate |

 | | Steep |0.75 | Slope |1.00 | Available water |0.50

 | | Rock fragments |0.24 | Rock fragments |0.13 | |

 | | | | | | |

 Calvin--------------| 40 |Moderately suited | |Unsuited | |Moderate |

 | | Steep |0.75 | Slope |1.00 | Available water |0.50

 | | Rock fragments |0.17 | Rock fragments |0.22 | |

 | | | | | | |

BeB: | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 50 |Moderately suited | |Moderately suited | |Low |

 | | Rock fragments |0.24 | Rock fragments |0.13 | |

 | | | | Slope |0.05 | |

 | | | | | | |
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

458

Table 10c.--Forestland Management (Part 3)--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 |Pct.| Suitability for | Suitability for | Potential for

 Map symbol | of | hand planting | mechanical planting | seedling mortality

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and | | Rating class and | | Rating class and |

 | | limiting features |Value| limiting features |Value| limiting features |Value

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

BeB: | | | | | | |

 Clearbrook----------| 45 |Moderately suited | |Moderately suited | |High |

 | | Rock fragments |0.35 | Rock fragments |0.33 | Wetness |1.00

 | | | | Slope |0.05 | |

 | | | | | | |

BeC: | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 55 |Moderately suited | |Moderately suited | |Low |

 | | Rock fragments |0.24 | Slope |0.35 | |

 | | | | Rock fragments |0.13 | |

 | | | | | | |

 Clearbrook----------| 40 |Moderately suited | |Moderately suited | |High |

 | | Rock fragments |0.35 | Slope |0.35 | Wetness |1.00

 | | | | Rock fragments |0.33 | |

 | | | | | | |

BkB: | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 45 |Moderately suited | |Moderately suited | |Low |

 | | Rock fragments |0.24 | Rock fragments |0.13 | |

 | | | | Slope |0.05 | |

 | | | | | | |

 Weikert-------------| 40 |Moderately suited | |Moderately suited | |Low |

 | | Rock fragments |0.22 | Rock fragments |0.40 | |

 | | Restrictive layer |0.02 | Slope |0.05 | |

 | | | | Restrictive layer |0.01 | |

 | | | | | | |

BqF: | | | | | | |

 Blackthorn----------| 80 |Poorly suited | |Unsuited | |Moderate |

 | | Rock fragments |0.77 | Slope |1.00 | Soil reaction |0.50

 | | Steep |0.75 | Rock fragments |1.00 | |

 | | | | | | |

BrB: | | | | | | |

 Brinkerton----------| 85 |Moderately suited | |Moderately suited | |High |

 | | Rock fragments |0.10 | Slope |0.05 | Wetness |1.00

 | | | | | | |

BuB: | | | | | | |

 Buchanan------------| 85 |Moderately suited | |Moderately suited | |Low |

 | | Rock fragments |0.10 | Slope |0.05 | |

 | | | | Rock fragments |0.02 | |

 | | | | | | |

BuC: | | | | | | |

 Buchanan------------| 85 |Moderately suited | |Moderately suited | |Low |

 | | Rock fragments |0.10 | Slope |0.35 | |

 | | | | Rock fragments |0.02 | |

 | | | | | | |

BxC: | | | | | | |

 Buchanan------------| 85 |Moderately suited | |Poorly suited | |Moderate |

 | | Rock fragments |0.54 | Rock fragments |0.59 | Soil reaction |0.50

 | | | | Slope |0.20 | |

 | | | | | | |

BxE: | | | | | | |

 Buchanan------------| 85 |Moderately suited | |Unsuited | |Moderate |

 | | Rock fragments |0.54 | Slope |1.00 | Soil reaction |0.50

 | | Slope |0.38 | Rock fragments |0.59 | |

 | | | | | | |

CbB: | | | | | | |

 Calvin--------------| 55 |Moderately suited | |Moderately suited | |Low |

 | | Rock fragments |0.17 | Rock fragments |0.11 | |

 | | | | Slope |0.05 | |

 | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 35 |Moderately suited | |Moderately suited | |Low |

 | | Rock fragments |0.24 | Rock fragments |0.13 | |

 | | | | Slope |0.05 | |

 | | | | | | |
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

459

Table 10c.--Forestland Management (Part 3)--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 |Pct.| Suitability for | Suitability for | Potential for

 Map symbol | of | hand planting | mechanical planting | seedling mortality

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and | | Rating class and | | Rating class and |

 | | limiting features |Value| limiting features |Value| limiting features |Value

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

CbC: | | | | | | |

 Calvin--------------| 50 |Moderately suited | |Moderately suited | |Low |

 | | Rock fragments |0.17 | Slope |0.35 | |

 | | | | Rock fragments |0.11 | |

 | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 35 |Moderately suited | |Moderately suited | |Low |

 | | Rock fragments |0.24 | Slope |0.35 | |

 | | | | Rock fragments |0.13 | |

 | | | | | | |

CkB: | | | | | | |

 Calvin--------------| 65 |Moderately suited | |Moderately suited | |Low |

 | | Rock fragments |0.17 | Rock fragments |0.11 | |

 | | | | Slope |0.05 | |

 | | | | | | |

 Klinesville---------| 30 |Moderately suited | |Moderately suited | |Low |

 | | Rock fragments |0.19 | Rock fragments |0.29 | |

 | | | | Slope |0.05 | |

 | | | | | | |

CkC: | | | | | | |

 Calvin--------------| 65 |Moderately suited | |Moderately suited | |Low |

 | | Rock fragments |0.17 | Slope |0.35 | |

 | | | | Rock fragments |0.11 | |

 | | | | | | |

 Klinesville---------| 30 |Moderately suited | |Moderately suited | |Low |

 | | Rock fragments |0.19 | Slope |0.35 | |

 | | | | Rock fragments |0.29 | |

 | | | | | | |

CkD: | | | | | | |

 Calvin--------------| 65 |Moderately suited | |Poorly suited | |Moderate |

 | | Slope |0.19 | Slope |0.75 | Available water |0.50

 | | Rock fragments |0.17 | Rock fragments |0.22 | |

 | | | | | | |

 Klinesville---------| 30 |Moderately suited | |Poorly suited | |Moderate |

 | | Slope |0.19 | Slope |0.75 | Available water |0.50

 | | Rock fragments |0.19 | Rock fragments |0.29 | |

 | | | | | | |

CkE: | | | | | | |

 Calvin--------------| 60 |Moderately suited | |Unsuited | |Moderate |

 | | Steep |0.56 | Slope |1.00 | Available water |0.50

 | | Rock fragments |0.17 | Rock fragments |0.22 | |

 | | | | | | |

 Klinesville---------| 30 |Moderately suited | |Unsuited | |Moderate |

 | | Steep |0.56 | Slope |1.00 | Available water |0.50

 | | Rock fragments |0.19 | Rock fragments |0.29 | |

 | | | | | | |

CkF: | | | | | | |

 Calvin--------------| 45 |Moderately suited | |Unsuited | |Moderate |

 | | Steep |0.75 | Slope |1.00 | Available water |0.50

 | | Rock fragments |0.17 | Rock fragments |0.22 | |

 | | | | | | |

 Klinesville---------| 30 |Moderately suited | |Unsuited | |Moderate |

 | | Steep |0.75 | Slope |1.00 | Available water |0.50

 | | Rock fragments |0.19 | Rock fragments |0.29 | |

 | | | | | | |

ClC: | | | | | | |

 Caneyville----------| 90 |Moderately suited | |Poorly suited | |Low |

 | | Stickiness |0.75 | Stickiness |0.75 | |

 | | Rock fragments |0.07 | Slope |0.35 | |

 | | | | | | |
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

460

Table 10c.--Forestland Management (Part 3)--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 |Pct.| Suitability for | Suitability for | Potential for

 Map symbol | of | hand planting | mechanical planting | seedling mortality

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and | | Rating class and | | Rating class and |

 | | limiting features |Value| limiting features |Value| limiting features |Value

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

ClD: | | | | | | |

 Caneyville----------| 85 |Moderately suited | |Poorly suited | |Low |

 | | Stickiness |0.75 | Stickiness |0.75 | |

 | | Slope |0.19 | Slope |0.75 | |

 | | Rock fragments |0.07 | | | |

 | | | | | | |

ClE: | | | | | | |

 Caneyville----------| 85 |Moderately suited | |Unsuited | |Low |

 | | Stickiness |0.75 | Slope |1.00 | |

 | | Steep |0.56 | Stickiness |0.75 | |

 | | Rock fragments |0.07 | | | |

 | | | | | | |

CnF: | | | | | | |

 Caneyville----------| 85 |Moderately suited | |Unsuited | |Low |

 | | Steep |0.75 | Slope |1.00 | |

 | | Stickiness |0.75 | Stickiness |0.75 | |

 | | Rock fragments |0.07 | | | |

 | | | | | | |

CrB: | | | | | | |

 Clarksburg----------| 80 |Moderately suited | |Moderately suited | |Low |

 | | Rock fragments |0.14 | Slope |0.05 | |

 | | | | | | |

CrC: | | | | | | |

 Clarksburg----------| 80 |Moderately suited | |Moderately suited | |Low |

 | | Rock fragments |0.14 | Slope |0.35 | |

 | | | | | | |

CvB: | | | | | | |

 Clearbrook----------| 50 |Moderately suited | |Moderately suited | |High |

 | | Rock fragments |0.35 | Rock fragments |0.33 | Wetness |1.00

 | | | | | | |

 Cavode--------------| 35 |Moderately suited | |Well suited | |High |

 | | Rock fragments |0.07 | | | Wetness |1.00

 | | | | | | |

Cz: | | | | | | |

 Combs---------------| 85 |Well suited | |Well suited | |Low |

 | | | | | | |

DkC: | | | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 85 |Moderately suited | |Poorly suited | |Moderate |

 | | Rock fragments |0.54 | Rock fragments |0.59 | Soil reaction |0.50

 | | | | Slope |0.20 | |

 | | | | | | |

DrE: | | | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 70 |Poorly suited | |Unsuited | |Moderate |

 | | Rock fragments |0.77 | Rock fragments |1.00 | Soil reaction |0.50

 | | Slope |0.19 | Slope |0.75 | Available water |0.50

 | | | | | | |

 Rock outcrop--------| 15 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | |

DsB: | | | | | | |

 Downsville----------| 85 |Moderately suited | |Moderately suited | |Low |

 | | Rock fragments |0.19 | Slope |0.05 | |

 | | | | Rock fragments |0.04 | |

 | | | | | | |

DsC: | | | | | | |

 Downsville----------| 80 |Moderately suited | |Moderately suited | |Low |

 | | Rock fragments |0.19 | Slope |0.35 | |

 | | | | Rock fragments |0.04 | |

 | | | | | | |

Dz: | | | | | | |

 Dunning-------------| 85 |Moderately suited | |Poorly suited | |High |

 | | Stickiness |0.75 | Stickiness |0.75 | Wetness |1.00

 | | Rock fragments |0.07 | | | |
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

461

Table 10c.--Forestland Management (Part 3)--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 |Pct.| Suitability for | Suitability for | Potential for

 Map symbol | of | hand planting | mechanical planting | seedling mortality

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and | | Rating class and | | Rating class and |

 | | limiting features |Value| limiting features |Value| limiting features |Value

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

ErB: | | | | | | |

 Ernest--------------| 85 |Moderately suited | |Moderately suited | |Low |

 | | Rock fragments |0.17 | Slope |0.05 | |

 | | | | Rock fragments |0.01 | |

 | | | | | | |

ErC: | | | | | | |

 Ernest--------------| 80 |Moderately suited | |Moderately suited | |Low |

 | | Rock fragments |0.17 | Slope |0.35 | |

 | | | | Rock fragments |0.01 | |

 | | | | | | |

HaE: | | | | | | |

 Hazleton------------| 45 |Moderately suited | |Unsuited | |Moderate |

 | | Rock fragments |0.54 | Slope |1.00 | Soil reaction |0.50

 | | Slope |0.38 | Rock fragments |0.59 | |

 | | | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 40 |Moderately suited | |Unsuited | |Moderate |

 | | Rock fragments |0.54 | Slope |1.00 | Soil reaction |0.50

 | | Slope |0.38 | Rock fragments |0.59 | Available water |0.50

 | | | | | | |

HaF: | | | | | | |

 Hazleton------------| 55 |Moderately suited | |Unsuited | |Moderate |

 | | Steep |0.75 | Slope |1.00 | Soil reaction |0.50

 | | Rock fragments |0.54 | Rock fragments |0.59 | |

 | | | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 25 |Moderately suited | |Unsuited | |Moderate |

 | | Steep |0.75 | Slope |1.00 | Soil reaction |0.50

 | | Rock fragments |0.54 | Rock fragments |0.59 | Available water |0.50

 | | | | | | |

HdF: | | | | | | |

 Hazleton------------| 55 |Poorly suited | |Unsuited | |Moderate |

 | | Rock fragments |0.77 | Slope |1.00 | Soil reaction |0.50

 | | Steep |0.75 | Rock fragments |1.00 | |

 | | | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 25 |Poorly suited | |Unsuited | |Moderate |

 | | Rock fragments |0.77 | Slope |1.00 | Soil reaction |0.50

 | | Steep |0.75 | Rock fragments |1.00 | Available water |0.50

 | | | | | | |

 Rock outcrop--------| 15 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | |

HeF: | | | | | | |

 Hazleton------------| 55 |Poorly suited | |Unsuited | |Moderate |

 | | Rock fragments |0.89 | Slope |1.00 | Soil reaction |0.50

 | | Steep |0.75 | Rock fragments |1.00 | |

 | | | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 25 |Poorly suited | |Unsuited | |Moderate |

 | | Rock fragments |0.89 | Slope |1.00 | Soil reaction |0.50

 | | Steep |0.75 | Rock fragments |1.00 | Available water |0.50

 | | | | | | |

 Rock outcrop--------| 15 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | |

HlF: | | | | | | |

 Hazleton------------| 50 |Moderately suited | |Unsuited | |Moderate |

 | | Steep |0.75 | Slope |1.00 | Soil reaction |0.50

 | | Rock fragments |0.54 | Rock fragments |0.59 | |

 | | | | | | |

 Lehew---------------| 20 |Moderately suited | |Unsuited | |Moderate |

 | | Steep |0.75 | Slope |1.00 | Soil reaction |0.50

 | | Rock fragments |0.54 | Rock fragments |0.59 | Available water |0.50

 | | | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 15 |Moderately suited | |Unsuited | |Moderate |

 | | Steep |0.75 | Slope |1.00 | Soil reaction |0.50

 | | Rock fragments |0.54 | Rock fragments |0.59 | Available water |0.50
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

462

Table 10c.--Forestland Management (Part 3)--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 |Pct.| Suitability for | Suitability for | Potential for

 Map symbol | of | hand planting | mechanical planting | seedling mortality

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and | | Rating class and | | Rating class and |

 | | limiting features |Value| limiting features |Value| limiting features |Value

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

Ho: | | | | | | |

 Holly---------------| 80 |Moderately suited | |Well suited | |High |

 | | Rock fragments |0.03 | | | Wetness |1.00

 | | | | | | |

HwB: | | | | | | |

 Hustontown----------| 85 |Moderately suited | |Moderately suited | |Low |

 | | Rock fragments |0.10 | Slope |0.05 | |

 | | | | | | |

Ln: | | | | | | |

 Lindside------------| 80 |Moderately suited | |Well suited | |Low |

 | | Rock fragments |0.01 | | | |

 | | | | | | |

LzC: | | | | | | |

 Litz----------------| 90 |Moderately suited | |Moderately suited | |Moderate |

 | | Rock fragments |0.26 | Slope |0.32 | Soil reaction |0.50

 | | | | Rock fragments |0.18 | |

 | | | | | | |

LzD: | | | | | | |

 Litz----------------| 85 |Moderately suited | |Poorly suited | |Moderate |

 | | Rock fragments |0.26 | Slope |0.75 | Soil reaction |0.50

 | | Slope |0.19 | Rock fragments |0.18 | Available water |0.50

 | | | | | | |

LzE: | | | | | | |

 Litz----------------| 80 |Moderately suited | |Unsuited | |Moderate |

 | | Steep |0.56 | Slope |1.00 | Soil reaction |0.50

 | | Rock fragments |0.26 | Rock fragments |0.18 | Available water |0.50

 | | | | | | |

LzF: | | | | | | |

 Litz----------------| 80 |Moderately suited | |Unsuited | |Moderate |

 | | Steep |0.75 | Slope |1.00 | Soil reaction |0.50

 | | Rock fragments |0.26 | Rock fragments |0.18 | Available water |0.50

 | | | | | | |

Me: | | | | | | |

 Melvin--------------| 90 |Moderately suited | |Well suited | |High |

 | | Rock fragments |0.01 | | | Wetness |1.00

 | | | | | | |

MhA: | | | | | | |

 Monongahela---------| 80 |Moderately suited | |Well suited | |Low |

 | | Rock fragments |0.14 | | | |

 | | | | | | |

MhB: | | | | | | |

 Monongahela---------| 85 |Moderately suited | |Moderately suited | |Low |

 | | Rock fragments |0.14 | Slope |0.05 | |

 | | | | | | |

MhC: | | | | | | |

 Monongahela---------| 80 |Moderately suited | |Moderately suited | |Low |

 | | Rock fragments |0.14 | Slope |0.35 | |

 | | | | | | |

MrC: | | | | | | |

 Murrill-------------| 90 |Moderately suited | |Moderately suited | |Low |

 | | Rock fragments |0.14 | Slope |0.35 | |

 | | | | Rock fragments |0.02 | |

 | | | | | | |

MrD: | | | | | | |

 Murrill-------------| 85 |Moderately suited | |Poorly suited | |Low |

 | | Slope |0.19 | Slope |0.75 | |

 | | Rock fragments |0.14 | Rock fragments |0.02 | |

 | | | | | | |

MsC: | | | | | | |

 Murrill-------------| 85 |Moderately suited | |Poorly suited | |Low |

 | | Rock fragments |0.54 | Rock fragments |0.59 | |

 | | | | Slope |0.20 | |
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

463

Table 10c.--Forestland Management (Part 3)--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 |Pct.| Suitability for | Suitability for | Potential for

 Map symbol | of | hand planting | mechanical planting | seedling mortality

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and | | Rating class and | | Rating class and |

 | | limiting features |Value| limiting features |Value| limiting features |Value

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

MsE: | | | | | | |

 Murrill-------------| 85 |Moderately suited | |Unsuited | |Low |

 | | Rock fragments |0.54 | Slope |1.00 | |

 | | Slope |0.38 | Rock fragments |0.59 | |

 | | | | | | |

Pg: | | | | | | |

 Philo---------------| 75 |Moderately suited | |Well suited | |Low |

 | | Rock fragments |0.07 | | | |

 | | | | | | |

Ph: | | | | | | |

 Philo---------------| 75 |Moderately suited | |Well suited | |Low |

 | | Rock fragments |0.07 | | | |

 | | | | | | |

Ps: | | | | | | |

 Pope----------------| 90 |Moderately suited | |Well suited | |Low |

 | | Rock fragments |0.03 | | | |

 | | | | | | |

Px: | | | | | | |

 Pope----------------| 90 |Moderately suited | |Well suited | |Low |

 | | Rock fragments |0.03 | | | |

 | | | | | | |

Pz: | | | | | | |

 Pope----------------| 50 |Moderately suited | |Well suited | |Low |

 | | Rock fragments |0.03 | | | |

 | | | | | | |

 Philo---------------| 30 |Moderately suited |0.07 |Well suited | |Low |

 | | Rock fragments |0.07 | | | |

 | | | | | | |

Qm: | | | | | | |

 Quarry, limestone---| 97 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | |

Qo: | | | | | | |

 Quarry, sandstone---| 95 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | |

Qs: | | | | | | |

 Quarry, shale-------| 96 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | |

ReG: | | | | | | |

 Rock outcrop--------| 50 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | |

 Opequon-------------| 40 |Moderately suited | |Unsuited | |Moderate |

 | | Steep |0.75 | Slope |1.00 | Available water |0.50

 | | Stickiness |0.56 | Stickiness |0.56 | |

 | | Restrictive layer |0.41 | | | |

 | | Rock fragments |0.07 | | | |

 | | | | | | |

RgG: | | | | | | |

 Rock outcrop--------| 50 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | |

 Rough---------------| 45 |Poorly suited | |Unsuited | |High |

 | | Restrictive layer |0.88 | Slope |1.00 | Available water |1.00

 | | Steep |0.75 | Rock fragments |0.33 | |

 | | Rock fragments |0.35 | | | |

 | | | | | | |

RuD: | | | | | | |

 Rushtown------------| 90 |Moderately suited | |Poorly suited | |Moderate |

 | | Rock fragments |0.22 | Slope |0.75 | Available water |0.50

 | | Slope |0.19 | Rock fragments |0.38 | |

 | | | | | | |
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

464

Table 10c.--Forestland Management (Part 3)--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 |Pct.| Suitability for | Suitability for | Potential for

 Map symbol | of | hand planting | mechanical planting | seedling mortality

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and | | Rating class and | | Rating class and |

 | | limiting features |Value| limiting features |Value| limiting features |Value

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

RuF: | | | | | | |

 Rushtown------------| 85 |Moderately suited | |Unsuited | |Moderate |

 | | Steep |0.75 | Slope |1.00 | Available water |0.50

 | | Rock fragments |0.22 | Rock fragments |0.38 | |

 | | | | | | |

ShC: | | | | | | |

 Schaffenaker--------| 80 |Moderately suited | |Moderately suited | |Moderate |

 | | Rock fragments |0.21 | Slope |0.20 | Soil reaction |0.50

 | | Sandiness |0.06 | Rock fragments |0.13 | |

 | | | | Sandiness |0.06 | |

 | | | | | | |

SkF: | | | | | | |

 Schaffenaker--------| 45 |Poorly suited | |Unsuited | |Moderate |

 | | Rock fragments |0.78 | Slope |1.00 | Soil reaction |0.50

 | | Steep |0.75 | Rock fragments |1.00 | Available water |0.50

 | | Sandiness |0.06 | Sandiness |0.06 | |

 | | | | | | |

 Rock outcrop--------| 40 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | |

SnE: | | | | | | |

 Schaffenaker--------| 45 |Moderately suited | |Unsuited | |Moderate |

 | | Slope |0.38 | Slope |1.00 | Soil reaction |0.50

 | | Rock fragments |0.21 | Rock fragments |0.13 | Available water |0.50

 | | Sandiness |0.06 | Sandiness |0.06 | |

 | | | | | | |

 Vanderlip-----------| 40 |Moderately suited | |Unsuited | |Moderate |

 | | Rock fragments |0.42 | Slope |1.00 | Soil reaction |0.50

 | | Slope |0.38 | Rock fragments |0.50 | Available water |0.50

 | | Sandiness |0.16 | Sandiness |0.16 | |

 | | | | | | |

SnF: | | | | | | |

 Schaffenaker--------| 40 |Moderately suited | |Unsuited | |Moderate |

 | | Steep |0.75 | Slope |1.00 | Soil reaction |0.50

 | | Rock fragments |0.21 | Rock fragments |0.13 | Available water |0.50

 | | Sandiness |0.06 | Sandiness |0.06 | |

 | | | | | | |

 Vanderlip-----------| 40 |Moderately suited | |Unsuited | |Moderate |

 | | Steep |0.75 | Slope |1.00 | Soil reaction |0.50

 | | Rock fragments |0.42 | Rock fragments |0.50 | Available water |0.50

 | | Sandiness |0.16 | Sandiness |0.16 | |

 | | | | | | |

SxC: | | | | | | |

 Sideling------------| 85 |Moderately suited | |Poorly suited | |Moderate |

 | | Rock fragments |0.54 | Rock fragments |0.59 | Soil reaction |0.50

 | | | | Slope |0.20 | |

 | | | | | | |

SxE: | | | | | | |

 Sideling------------| 80 |Moderately suited | |Unsuited | |Moderate |

 | | Rock fragments |0.54 | Slope |1.00 | Soil reaction |0.50

 | | Slope |0.38 | Rock fragments |0.59 | |

 | | | | | | |

SyE: | | | | | | |

 Sideling------------| 80 |Poorly suited | |Unsuited | |Moderate |

 | | Rock fragments |0.77 | Rock fragments |1.00 | Soil reaction |0.50

 | | Slope |0.38 | Slope |1.00 | |

 | | | | | | |

Ta: | | | | | | |

 Tioga---------------| 90 |Moderately suited | |Well suited | |Low |

 | | Rock fragments |0.01 | | | |

 | | | | | | |
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

465

Table 10c.--Forestland Management (Part 3)--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 |Pct.| Suitability for | Suitability for | Potential for

 Map symbol | of | hand planting | mechanical planting | seedling mortality

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and | | Rating class and | | Rating class and |

 | | limiting features |Value| limiting features |Value| limiting features |Value

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

TyA: | | | | | | |

 Tygart--------------| 85 |Moderately suited | |Moderately suited | |High |

 | | Stickiness |0.04 | Stickiness |0.04 | Wetness |1.00

 | | Rock fragments |0.01 | | | |

 | | | | | | |

Ua: | | | | | | |

 Udorthents----------| 95 |Well suited | |Well suited | |Moderate |

 | | | | | | Available water |0.50

 | | | | | | |

Uu: | | | | | | |

 Urban land----------| 45 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | |

 Udorthents----------| 45 |Well suited | |Well suited | |Moderate |

 | | | | | | Available water |0.50

 | | | | | | |

WaB: | | | | | | |

 Weikert-------------| 85 |Moderately suited | |Moderately suited | |Low |

 | | Rock fragments |0.22 | Rock fragments |0.40 | |

 | | Restrictive layer |0.02 | Slope |0.05 | |

 | | | | Restrictive layer |0.01 | |

 | | | | | | |

WaC: | | | | | | |

 Weikert-------------| 85 |Moderately suited |0.22 |Moderately suited |0.40 |Low |

 | | Rock fragments |0.22 | Rock fragments |0.40 | |

 | | Restrictive layer |0.02 | Slope |0.35 | |

 | | | | Restrictive layer |0.01 | |

 | | | | | | |

WbC: | | | | | | |

 Weikert-------------| 45 |Moderately suited | |Moderately suited | |Low |

 | | Rock fragments |0.22 | Rock fragments |0.40 | |

 | | Restrictive layer |0.02 | Slope |0.35 | |

 | | | | Restrictive layer |0.01 | |

 | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 40 |Moderately suited | |Moderately suited | |Low |

 | | Rock fragments |0.24 | Slope |0.35 | |

 | | | | Rock fragments |0.13 | |

 | | | | | | |

WbD: | | | | | | |

 Weikert-------------| 50 |Moderately suited | |Poorly suited | |Moderate |

 | | Rock fragments |0.22 | Slope |0.75 | Available water |0.50

 | | Slope |0.19 | Rock fragments |0.40 | |

 | | Restrictive layer |0.02 | Restrictive layer |0.01 | |

 | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 35 |Moderately suited | |Poorly suited | |Moderate |

 | | Rock fragments |0.24 | Slope |0.75 | Available water |0.50

 | | Slope |0.19 | Rock fragments |0.13 | |

 | | | | | | |

WkF: | | | | | | |

 Weikert-------------| 50 |Moderately suited | |Unsuited | |Moderate |

 | | Steep |0.75 | Slope |1.00 | Soil reaction |0.50

 | | Rock fragments |0.26 | Rock fragments |0.40 | Available water |0.50

 | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 35 |Moderately suited | |Unsuited | |Moderate |

 | | Steep |0.75 | Slope |1.00 | Soil reaction |0.50

 | | Rock fragments |0.24 | Rock fragments |0.13 | Available water |0.50

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

466

Table 11a.--Recreational Development (Part 1)

(The information in this table indicates the dominant soil condition but does not eliminate the need

 for onsite investigation. The numbers in the value columns range from 0.01 to 1.00. The larger

 the value, the greater the limitation. See text for further explanation of ratings in this table.)

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 |Pct.| Camp areas | Picnic areas | Playgrounds

 Map symbol | of |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 and soil name |map | Rating class and | | Rating class and | | Rating class and |

 |unit| limiting features |Value| limiting features |Value| limiting features |Value

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

AgB: | | | | | | |

 Allegheny-----------| 80 |Not limited | |Not limited | |Very limited |

 | | | | | | Slope |1.00

 | | | | | | |

AgC: | | | | | | |

 Allegheny-----------| 80 |Not limited | |Not limited | |Very limited |

 | | | | | | Slope |1.00

 | | | | | | |

AnB: | | | | | | |

 Andover-------------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | Restricted |0.96 | Restricted |0.96 | Gravel content |1.00

 | | permeability | | permeability | | Restricted |0.96

 | | Gravel content |0.05 | Gravel content |0.05 | permeability |

 | | | | | | Slope |0.50

 | | | | | | |

Ba: | | | | | | |

 Basher--------------| 75 |Very limited | |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Depth to |0.35 | Depth to |0.67

 | | Depth to |0.67 | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | saturated zone | | Too sandy |0.01 | Flooding |0.60

 | | Too sandy |0.01 | | | Too sandy |0.01

 | | | | | | |

BbC: | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 80 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Gravel content |0.78 | Gravel content |0.78 | Gravel content |1.00

 | | Too stony |0.53 | Too stony |0.53 | Slope |1.00

 | | Slope |0.04 | Slope |0.04 | Depth to bedrock |0.90

 | | | | | | Content of large |0.84

 | | | | | | stones |

 | | | | | | Too stony |0.53

 | | | | | | |

BbE: | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Gravel content |0.78 | Gravel content |0.78 | Gravel content |1.00

 | | Too stony |0.53 | Too stony |0.53 | Depth to bedrock |0.90

 | | | | | | Content of large |0.84

 | | | | | | stones |

 | | | | | | Too stony |0.53

 | | | | | | |

BcD: | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 45 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Gravel content |0.39 | Gravel content |0.39 | Gravel content |1.00

 | | | | | | Depth to bedrock |0.95

 | | | | | | Content of large |0.32

 | | | | | | stones |

 | | | | | | |

 Calvin--------------| 40 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | | | | | Depth to bedrock |0.80

 | | | | | | Gravel content |0.61

 | | | | | | Content of large |0.03

 | | | | | | stones |

 | | | | | | |
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

467

Table 11a.--Recreational Development (Part 1)--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 |Pct.| Camp areas | Picnic areas | Playgrounds

 Map symbol | of |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 and soil name |map | Rating class and | | Rating class and | | Rating class and |

 |unit| limiting features |Value| limiting features |Value| limiting features |Value

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

BcE: | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 50 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Gravel content |0.39 | Gravel content |0.39 | Gravel content |1.00

 | | | | | | Depth to bedrock |0.95

 | | | | | | Content of large |0.32

 | | | | | | stones |

 | | | | | | |

 Calvin--------------| 40 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | | | | | Depth to bedrock |0.80

 | | | | | | Gravel content |0.61

 | | | | | | Content of large |0.03

 | | | | | | stones |

 | | | | | | |

BcF: | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 50 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Gravel content |0.39 | Gravel content |0.39 | Gravel content |1.00

 | | | | | | Depth to bedrock |0.95

 | | | | | | Content of large |0.32

 | | | | | | stones |

 | | | | | | |

 Calvin--------------| 40 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | | | | | Depth to bedrock |0.80

 | | | | | | Gravel content |0.61

 | | | | | | Content of large |0.03

 | | | | | | stones |

 | | | | | | |

BeB: | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 50 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Gravel content |0.39 | Gravel content |0.39 | Gravel content |1.00

 | | | | | | Slope |1.00

 | | | | | | Depth to bedrock |0.84

 | | | | | | Content of large |0.32

 | | | | | | stones |

 | | | | | | |

 Clearbrook----------| 45 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | Restricted |0.21 | Restricted |0.21 | Slope |1.00

 | | permeability | | permeability | | Gravel content |0.98

 | | | | | | Depth to bedrock |0.97

 | | | | | | Content of large |0.32

 | | | | | | stones |

 | | | | | | |

BeC: | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 55 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |0.63 | Slope |0.63 | Slope |1.00

 | | Gravel content |0.39 | Gravel content |0.39 | Gravel content |1.00

 | | | | | | Depth to bedrock |0.84

 | | | | | | Content of large |0.32

 | | | | | | stones |

 | | | | | | |

 Clearbrook----------| 40 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | Slope |0.63 | Slope |0.63 | Slope |1.00

 | | Restricted |0.21 | Restricted |0.21 | Gravel content |0.98

 | | permeability | | permeability | | Depth to bedrock |0.97

 | | | | | | Content of large |0.32

 | | | | | | stones |
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

468

Table 11a.--Recreational Development (Part 1)--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 |Pct.| Camp areas | Picnic areas | Playgrounds

 Map symbol | of |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 and soil name |map | Rating class and | | Rating class and | | Rating class and |

 |unit| limiting features |Value| limiting features |Value| limiting features |Value

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

BkB: | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 45 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Gravel content |0.39 | Gravel content |0.39 | Gravel content |1.00

 | | | | | | Slope |1.00

 | | | | | | Depth to bedrock |0.84

 | | | | | | Content of large |0.32

 | | | | | | stones |

 | | | | | | |

 Weikert-------------| 40 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Gravel content |1.00

 | | Gravel content |0.92 | Gravel content |0.92 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | | | | | Slope |1.00

 | | | | | | Content of large |0.01

 | | | | | | stones |

 | | | | | | |

BqF: | | | | | | |

 Blackthorn----------| 80 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Too stony |1.00 | Too stony |1.00 | Too stony |1.00

 | | Content of large |0.50 | Content of large |0.50 | Content of large |1.00

 | | stones | | stones | | stones |

 | | | | | | Gravel content |0.99

 | | | | | | |

BrB: | | | | | | |

 Brinkerton----------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | Restricted |0.96 | Restricted |0.96 | Slope |1.00

 | | permeability | | permeability | | Restricted |0.96

 | | | | | | permeability |

 | | | | | | Content of large |0.01

 | | | | | | stones |

 | | | | | | |

BuB: | | | | | | |

 Buchanan------------| 85 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Restricted |0.96 | Restricted |0.96 | Gravel content |1.00

 | | permeability | | permeability | | Slope |1.00

 | | Gravel content |0.54 | Gravel content |0.54 | Restricted |0.96

 | | Depth to |0.39 | Depth to |0.19 | permeability |

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | Depth to |0.39

 | | | | | | saturated zone |

 | | | | | | Content of large |0.01

 | | | | | | stones |

 | | | | | | |

BuC: | | | | | | |

 Buchanan------------| 85 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Restricted |0.96 | Restricted |0.96 | Slope |1.00

 | | permeability | | permeability | | Gravel content |1.00

 | | Slope |0.63 | Slope |0.63 | Restricted |0.96

 | | Gravel content |0.54 | Gravel content |0.54 | permeability |

 | | Depth to |0.39 | Depth to |0.19 | Depth to |0.39

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | | | | | Content of large |0.01

 | | | | | | stones |

 | | | | | | |
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

469

Table 11a.--Recreational Development (Part 1)--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 |Pct.| Camp areas | Picnic areas | Playgrounds

 Map symbol | of |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 and soil name |map | Rating class and | | Rating class and | | Rating class and |

 |unit| limiting features |Value| limiting features |Value| limiting features |Value

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

BxC: | | | | | | |

 Buchanan------------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Too stony |1.00 | Too stony |1.00 | Too stony |1.00

 | | Restricted |0.96 | Restricted |0.96 | Slope |1.00

 | | permeability | | permeability | | Content of large |0.99

 | | Depth to |0.39 | Depth to |0.19 | stones |

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | Restricted |0.96

 | | Slope |0.04 | Slope |0.04 | permeability |

 | | Content of large |0.01 | Content of large |0.01 | Gravel content |0.72

 | | stones | | stones | | |

 | | | | | | |

BxE: | | | | | | |

 Buchanan------------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Too stony |1.00 | Too stony |1.00 | Too stony |1.00

 | | Restricted |0.96 | Restricted |0.96 | Content of large |0.99

 | | permeability | | permeability | | stones |

 | | Depth to |0.39 | Depth to |0.19 | Restricted |0.96

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | permeability |

 | | Content of large |0.01 | Content of large |0.01 | Gravel content |0.72

 | | stones | | stones | | |

 | | | | | | |

CbB: | | | | | | |

 Calvin--------------| 55 |Not limited | |Not limited | |Very limited |

 | | | | | | Slope |1.00

 | | | | | | Depth to bedrock |0.80

 | | | | | | Gravel content |0.61

 | | | | | | Content of large |0.03

 | | | | | | stones |

 | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 35 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Gravel content |0.39 | Gravel content |0.39 | Gravel content |1.00

 | | | | | | Slope |1.00

 | | | | | | Depth to bedrock |0.95

 | | | | | | Content of large |0.32

 | | | | | | stones |

 | | | | | | |

CbC: | | | | | | |

 Calvin--------------| 50 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |0.63 | Slope |0.63 | Slope |1.00

 | | | | | | Depth to bedrock |0.80

 | | | | | | Gravel content |0.61

 | | | | | | Content of large |0.03

 | | | | | | stones |

 | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 35 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |0.63 | Slope |0.63 | Slope |1.00

 | | Gravel content |0.39 | Gravel content |0.39 | Gravel content |1.00

 | | | | | | Depth to bedrock |0.95

 | | | | | | Content of large |0.32

 | | | | | | stones |

 | | | | | | |

CkB: | | | | | | |

 Calvin--------------| 65 |Not limited | |Not limited | |Very limited |

 | | | | | | Slope |1.00

 | | | | | | Depth to bedrock |0.80

 | | | | | | Gravel content |0.61

 | | | | | | Content of large |0.03

 | | | | | | stones |

 | | | | | | |
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

470

Table 11a.--Recreational Development (Part 1)--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 |Pct.| Camp areas | Picnic areas | Playgrounds

 Map symbol | of |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 and soil name |map | Rating class and | | Rating class and | | Rating class and |

 |unit| limiting features |Value| limiting features |Value| limiting features |Value

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

CkB: | | | | | | |

 Klinesville---------| 30 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Gravel content |1.00

 | | Gravel content |0.54 | Gravel content |0.54 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | | | | | Slope |1.00

 | | | | | | Content of large |0.01

 | | | | | | stones |

 | | | | | | |

CkC: | | | | | | |

 Calvin--------------| 65 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |0.63 | Slope |0.63 | Slope |1.00

 | | | | | | Depth to bedrock |0.80

 | | | | | | Gravel content |0.61

 | | | | | | Content of large |0.03

 | | | | | | stones |

 | | | | | | |

 Klinesville---------| 30 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Gravel content |1.00

 | | Slope |0.63 | Slope |0.63 | Slope |1.00

 | | Gravel content |0.54 | Gravel content |0.54 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | | | | | Content of large |0.01

 | | | | | | stones |

 | | | | | | |

CkD: | | | | | | |

 Calvin--------------| 65 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | | | | | Depth to bedrock |0.80

 | | | | | | Gravel content |0.61

 | | | | | | Content of large |0.03

 | | | | | | stones |

 | | | | | | |

 Klinesville---------| 30 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Gravel content |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Gravel content |0.54 | Gravel content |0.54 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | | | | | Content of large |0.01

 | | | | | | stones |

 | | | | | | |

CkE: | | | | | | |

 Calvin--------------| 60 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | | | | | Depth to bedrock |0.80

 | | | | | | Gravel content |0.61

 | | | | | | Content of large |0.03

 | | | | | | stones |

 | | | | | | |

 Klinesville---------| 30 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Gravel content |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Gravel content |0.54 | Gravel content |0.54 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | | | | | Content of large |0.01

 | | | | | | stones |

 | | | | | | |

CkF: | | | | | | |

 Calvin--------------| 45 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | | | | | Depth to bedrock |0.80

 | | | | | | Gravel content |0.61

 | | | | | | Content of large |0.03

 | | | | | | stones |

 | | | | | | |
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

471

Table 11a.--Recreational Development (Part 1)--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 |Pct.| Camp areas | Picnic areas | Playgrounds

 Map symbol | of |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 and soil name |map | Rating class and | | Rating class and | | Rating class and |

 |unit| limiting features |Value| limiting features |Value| limiting features |Value

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

CkF: | | | | | | |

 Klinesville---------| 30 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Gravel content |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Gravel content |0.54 | Gravel content |0.54 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | | | | | Content of large |0.01

 | | | | | | stones |

 | | | | | | |

ClC: | | | | | | |

 Caneyville----------| 90 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |0.63 | Slope |0.63 | Slope |1.00

 | | Restricted |0.21 | Restricted |0.21 | Depth to bedrock |0.90

 | | permeability | | permeability | | Restricted |0.21

 | | | | | | permeability |

 | | | | | | Gravel content |0.04

 | | | | | | |

ClD: | | | | | | |

 Caneyville----------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Restricted |0.21 | Restricted |0.21 | Depth to bedrock |0.90

 | | permeability | | permeability | | Restricted |0.21

 | | | | | | permeability |

 | | | | | | Gravel content |0.04

 | | | | | | |

ClE: | | | | | | |

 Caneyville----------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Restricted |0.21 | Restricted |0.21 | Depth to bedrock |0.90

 | | permeability | | permeability | | Restricted |0.21

 | | | | | | permeability |

 | | | | | | Gravel content |0.04

 | | | | | | |

CnF: | | | | | | |

 Caneyville----------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Restricted |0.21 | Restricted |0.21 | Depth to bedrock |0.90

 | | permeability | | permeability | | Restricted |0.21

 | | | | | | permeability |

 | | | | | | Gravel content |0.04

 | | | | | | |

CrB: | | | | | | |

 Clarksburg----------| 80 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to |0.67 | Restricted |0.50 | Slope |1.00

 | | saturated zone | | permeability | | Depth to |0.67

 | | Restricted |0.50 | Depth to |0.35 | saturated zone |

 | | permeability | | saturated zone | | Gravel content |0.61

 | | | | | | Restricted |0.50

 | | | | | | permeability |

 | | | | | | Content of large |0.03

 | | | | | | stones |

 | | | | | | |

CrC: | | | | | | |

 Clarksburg----------| 80 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to |0.67 | Slope |0.63 | Slope |1.00

 | | saturated zone | | Restricted |0.50 | Depth to |0.67

 | | Slope |0.63 | permeability | | saturated zone |

 | | Restricted |0.50 | Depth to |0.35 | Gravel content |0.61

 | | permeability | | saturated zone | | Restricted |0.50

 | | | | | | permeability |

 | | | | | | Content of large |0.03

 | | | | | | stones |

 | | | | | | |
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

472

Table 11a.--Recreational Development (Part 1)--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 |Pct.| Camp areas | Picnic areas | Playgrounds

 Map symbol | of |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 and soil name |map | Rating class and | | Rating class and | | Rating class and |

 |unit| limiting features |Value| limiting features |Value| limiting features |Value

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

CvB: | | | | | | |

 Clearbrook----------| 50 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | Restricted |0.21 | Restricted |0.21 | Depth to bedrock |0.97

 | | permeability | | permeability | | Slope |0.50

 | | | | | | Restricted |0.21

 | | | | | | permeability |

 | | | | | | Gravel content |0.02

 | | | | | | |

 Cavode--------------| 35 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | Restricted |0.96 | Restricted |0.96 | Restricted |0.96

 | | permeability | | permeability | | permeability |

 | | | | | | Slope |0.50

 | | | | | | |

Cz: | | | | | | |

 Combs---------------| 85 |Very limited | |Not limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | | | Flooding |0.60

 | | | | | | Gravel content |0.06

 | | | | | | |

DkC: | | | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Too stony |1.00 | Too stony |1.00 | Too stony |1.00

 | | Content of large |0.42 | Content of large |0.42 | Slope |1.00

 | | stones | | stones | | Gravel content |1.00

 | | Gravel content |0.19 | Gravel content |0.19 | Content of large |1.00

 | | Slope |0.04 | Slope |0.04 | stones |

 | | | | | | Depth to bedrock |0.90

 | | | | | | |

DrE: | | | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 70 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | |

 Rock outcrop--------| 15 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | |

DsB: | | | | | | |

 Downsville----------| 85 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Restricted |0.21 | Restricted |0.21 | Gravel content |1.00

 | | permeability | | permeability | | Slope |1.00

 | | Gravel content |0.11 | Gravel content |0.11 | Restricted |0.21

 | | | | | | permeability |

 | | | | | | Content of large |0.01

 | | | | | | stones |

 | | | | | | |

DsC: | | | | | | |

 Downsville----------| 80 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |0.63 | Slope |0.63 | Slope |1.00

 | | Restricted |0.21 | Restricted |0.21 | Gravel content |1.00

 | | permeability | | permeability | | Restricted |0.21

 | | Gravel content |0.11 | Gravel content |0.11 | permeability |

 | | | | | | Content of large |0.01

 | | | | | | stones |

 | | | | | | |

Dz: | | | | | | |

 Dunning-------------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Ponding |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | | saturated zone | | Depth to |1.00 | saturated zone |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | saturated zone | | Ponding |1.00

 | | Ponding |1.00 | Restricted |1.00 | Restricted |1.00

 | | Restricted |1.00 | permeability | | permeability |

 | | permeability | | | | Flooding |0.60

 | | | | | | |
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

473

Table 11a.--Recreational Development (Part 1)--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 |Pct.| Camp areas | Picnic areas | Playgrounds

 Map symbol | of |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 and soil name |map | Rating class and | | Rating class and | | Rating class and |

 |unit| limiting features |Value| limiting features |Value| limiting features |Value

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

ErB: | | | | | | |

 Ernest--------------| 85 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to |0.98 | Depth to |0.75 | Slope |1.00

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | Depth to |0.98

 | | Restricted |0.43 | Restricted |0.43 | saturated zone |

 | | permeability | | permeability | | Restricted |0.43

 | | | | | | permeability |

 | | | | | | Content of large |0.01

 | | | | | | stones |

 | | | | | | |

ErC: | | | | | | |

 Ernest--------------| 80 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to |0.98 | Depth to |0.75 | Slope |1.00

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | Depth to |0.98

 | | Slope |0.63 | Slope |0.63 | saturated zone |

 | | Restricted |0.43 | Restricted |0.43 | Restricted |0.43

 | | permeability | | permeability | | permeability |

 | | | | | | Content of large |0.01

 | | | | | | stones |

 | | | | | | |

HaE: | | | | | | |

 Hazleton------------| 45 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Too stony |1.00 | Too stony |1.00 | Too stony |1.00

 | | Content of large |0.42 | Content of large |0.42 | Content of large |1.00

 | | stones | | stones | | stones |

 | | Gravel content |0.01 | Gravel content |0.01 | Gravel content |1.00

 | | | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 40 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Too stony |1.00 | Too stony |1.00 | Too stony |1.00

 | | Content of large |0.42 | Content of large |0.42 | Gravel content |1.00

 | | stones | | stones | | Content of large |1.00

 | | Gravel content |0.19 | Gravel content |0.19 | stones |

 | | | | | | Depth to bedrock |0.90

 | | | | | | |

HaF: | | | | | | |

 Hazleton------------| 55 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Too stony |1.00 | Too stony |1.00 | Too stony |1.00

 | | Content of large |0.42 | Content of large |0.42 | Content of large |1.00

 | | stones | | stones | | stones |

 | | Gravel content |0.01 | Gravel content |0.01 | Gravel content |1.00

 | | | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 25 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Too stony |1.00 | Too stony |1.00 | Too stony |1.00

 | | Content of large |0.42 | Content of large |0.42 | Gravel content |1.00

 | | stones | | stones | | Content of large |1.00

 | | Gravel content |0.19 | Gravel content |0.19 | stones |

 | | | | | | Depth to bedrock |0.90

 | | | | | | |

HdF: | | | | | | |

 Hazleton------------| 55 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Too stony |1.00 | Too stony |1.00 | Too stony |1.00

 | | Content of large |1.00 | Content of large |1.00 | Content of large |1.00

 | | stones | | stones | | stones |

 | | Gravel content |0.01 | Gravel content |0.01 | Gravel content |1.00

 | | | | | | |
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

474

Table 11a.--Recreational Development (Part 1)--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 |Pct.| Camp areas | Picnic areas | Playgrounds

 Map symbol | of |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 and soil name |map | Rating class and | | Rating class and | | Rating class and |

 |unit| limiting features |Value| limiting features |Value| limiting features |Value

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

HdF: | | | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 25 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Too stony |1.00 | Too stony |1.00 | Too stony |1.00

 | | Content of large |0.96 | Content of large |0.96 | Content of large |1.00

 | | stones | | stones | | stones |

 | | Gravel content |0.19 | Gravel content |0.19 | Gravel content |1.00

 | | | | | | Depth to bedrock |0.90

 | | | | | | |

 Rock outcrop--------| 15 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | |

HeF: | | | | | | |

 Hazleton------------| 55 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Too stony |1.00 | Too stony |1.00 | Too stony |1.00

 | | Content of large |1.00 | Content of large |1.00 | Content of large |1.00

 | | stones | | stones | | stones |

 | | Gravel content |0.01 | Gravel content |0.01 | Gravel content |1.00

 | | | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 25 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Too stony |1.00 | Too stony |1.00 | Too stony |1.00

 | | Content of large |1.00 | Content of large |1.00 | Content of large |1.00

 | | stones | | stones | | stones |

 | | Gravel content |0.19 | Gravel content |0.19 | Gravel content |1.00

 | | | | | | Depth to bedrock |0.90

 | | | | | | |

 Rock outcrop--------| 15 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | |

HlF: | | | | | | |

 Hazleton------------| 50 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Too stony |1.00 | Too stony |1.00 | Too stony |1.00

 | | Content of large |0.42 | Content of large |0.42 | Content of large |1.00

 | | stones | | stones | | stones |

 | | Gravel content |0.01 | Gravel content |0.01 | Gravel content |1.00

 | | | | | | |

 Lehew---------------| 20 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Too stony |1.00 | Too stony |1.00 | Too stony |1.00

 | | Content of large |0.14 | Content of large |0.14 | Gravel content |1.00

 | | stones | | stones | | Content of large |1.00

 | | Gravel content |0.11 | Gravel content |0.11 | stones |

 | | | | | | Depth to bedrock |0.08

 | | | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 15 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Too stony |1.00 | Too stony |1.00 | Too stony |1.00

 | | Content of large |0.42 | Content of large |0.42 | Gravel content |1.00

 | | stones | | stones | | Content of large |1.00

 | | Gravel content |0.19 | Gravel content |0.19 | stones |

 | | | | | | Depth to bedrock |0.90

 | | | | | | |

Ho: | | | | | | |

 Holly---------------| 80 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Ponding |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | | saturated zone | | Depth to |1.00 | saturated zone |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | saturated zone | | Flooding |1.00

 | | Ponding |1.00 | Flooding |0.40 | Ponding |1.00

 | | | | | | |
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

475

Table 11a.--Recreational Development (Part 1)--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 |Pct.| Camp areas | Picnic areas | Playgrounds

 Map symbol | of |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 and soil name |map | Rating class and | | Rating class and | | Rating class and |

 |unit| limiting features |Value| limiting features |Value| limiting features |Value

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

HwB: | | | | | | |

 Hustontown----------| 85 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to |0.98 | Depth to |0.75 | Slope |1.00

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | Depth to |0.98

 | | Restricted |0.21 | Restricted |0.21 | saturated zone |

 | | permeability | | permeability | | Restricted |0.21

 | | | | | | permeability |

 | | | | | | Gravel content |0.03

 | | | | | | Content of large |0.01

 | | | | | | stones |

 | | | | | | |

Ln: | | | | | | |

 Lindside------------| 80 |Very limited | |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Depth to |0.03 | Flooding |0.60

 | | Depth to |0.07 | saturated zone | | Depth to |0.07

 | | saturated zone | | | | saturated zone |

 | | | | | | |

LzC: | | | | | | |

 Litz----------------| 90 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Gravel content |0.61 | Gravel content |0.61 | Slope |1.00

 | | Slope |0.50 | Slope |0.50 | Gravel content |1.00

 | | | | | | Content of large |0.54

 | | | | | | stones |

 | | | | | | Depth to bedrock |0.35

 | | | | | | |

LzD: | | | | | | |

 Litz----------------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Gravel content |0.61 | Gravel content |0.61 | Gravel content |1.00

 | | | | | | Content of large |0.54

 | | | | | | stones |

 | | | | | | Depth to bedrock |0.35

 | | | | | | |

LzE: | | | | | | |

 Litz----------------| 80 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Gravel content |0.61 | Gravel content |0.61 | Gravel content |1.00

 | | | | | | Content of large |0.54

 | | | | | | stones |

 | | | | | | Depth to bedrock |0.35

 | | | | | | |

LzF: | | | | | | |

 Litz----------------| 80 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Gravel content |0.61 | Gravel content |0.61 | Gravel content |1.00

 | | | | | | Content of large |0.54

 | | | | | | stones |

 | | | | | | Depth to bedrock |0.35

 | | | | | | |

Me: | | | | | | |

 Melvin--------------| 90 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Ponding |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | | saturated zone | | Depth to |1.00 | saturated zone |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | saturated zone | | Flooding |1.00

 | | Ponding |1.00 | Flooding |0.40 | Ponding |1.00

 | | | | | | |

MhA: | | | | | | |

 Monongahela---------| 80 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Depth to |0.81 | Depth to |0.48 | Depth to |0.81

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | Restricted |0.43 | Restricted |0.43 | Restricted |0.43

 | | permeability | | permeability | | permeability |
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

476

Table 11a.--Recreational Development (Part 1)--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 |Pct.| Camp areas | Picnic areas | Playgrounds

 Map symbol | of |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 and soil name |map | Rating class and | | Rating class and | | Rating class and |

 |unit| limiting features |Value| limiting features |Value| limiting features |Value

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

MhB: | | | | | | |

 Monongahela---------| 85 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to |0.81 | Depth to |0.48 | Slope |1.00

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | Depth to |0.81

 | | Restricted |0.43 | Restricted |0.43 | saturated zone |

 | | permeability | | permeability | | Restricted |0.43

 | | | | | | permeability |

 | | | | | | |

MhC: | | | | | | |

 Monongahela---------| 80 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to |0.81 | Slope |0.63 | Slope |1.00

 | | saturated zone | | Depth to |0.48 | Depth to |0.81

 | | Slope |0.63 | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | Restricted |0.43 | Restricted |0.43 | Restricted |0.43

 | | permeability | | permeability | | permeability |

 | | | | | | |

MrC: | | | | | | |

 Murrill-------------| 90 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |0.63 | Slope |0.63 | Gravel content |1.00

 | | Gravel content |0.41 | Gravel content |0.41 | Slope |1.00

 | | | | | | |

MrD: | | | | | | |

 Murrill-------------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Gravel content |1.00

 | | Gravel content |0.41 | Gravel content |0.41 | Slope |1.00

 | | | | | | |

MsC: | | | | | | |

 Murrill-------------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Too stony |1.00 | Too stony |1.00 | Too stony |1.00

 | | Slope |0.04 | Slope |0.04 | Slope |1.00

 | | | | | | Gravel content |0.37

 | | | | | | Content of large |0.01

 | | | | | | stones |

 | | | | | | |

MsE: | | | | | | |

 Murrill-------------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Too stony |1.00 | Too stony |1.00 | Too stony |1.00

 | | | | | | Gravel content |0.37

 | | | | | | Content of large |0.01

 | | | | | | stones |

 | | | | | | |

Pg: | | | | | | |

 Philo---------------| 75 |Very limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Gravel content |0.14 | Gravel content |1.00

 | | Gravel content |0.14 | Depth to |0.03 | Flooding |0.60

 | | Depth to |0.07 | saturated zone | | Depth to |0.07

 | | saturated zone | | | | saturated zone |

 | | | | | | |

Ph: | | | | | | |

 Philo---------------| 75 |Very limited | |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Depth to |0.03 | Flooding |0.60

 | | Depth to |0.07 | saturated zone | | Depth to |0.07

 | | saturated zone | | | | saturated zone |

 | | | | | | |

Ps: | | | | | | |

 Pope----------------| 90 |Very limited | |Not limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | | | Flooding |0.60

 | | | | | | Gravel content |0.06

 | | | | | | |
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

477

Table 11a.--Recreational Development (Part 1)--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 |Pct.| Camp areas | Picnic areas | Playgrounds

 Map symbol | of |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 and soil name |map | Rating class and | | Rating class and | | Rating class and |

 |unit| limiting features |Value| limiting features |Value| limiting features |Value

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

Px: | | | | | | |

 Pope----------------| 90 |Very limited | |Not limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | | | Flooding |0.60

 | | | | | | Gravel content |0.06

 | | | | | | |

Pz: | | | | | | |

 Pope----------------| 50 |Very limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |0.40 | Flooding |1.00

 | | | | | | Gravel content |0.06

 | | | | | | |

 Philo---------------| 30 |Very limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |0.40 | Flooding |1.00

 | | Depth to |0.39 | Depth to |0.19 | Depth to |0.39

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | | | | | |

Qm: | | | | | | |

 Quarry, limestone---| 97 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | |

Qo: | | | | | | |

 Quarry, sandstone---| 95 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | |

Qs: | | | | | | |

 Quarry, shale-------| 96 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | |

ReG: | | | | | | |

 Rock outcrop--------| 50 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | |

 Opequon-------------| 40 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Gravel content |0.05 | Gravel content |0.05 | Gravel content |1.00

 | | | | | | |

RgG: | | | | | | |

 Rock outcrop--------| 50 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | |

 Rough---------------| 45 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Gravel content |0.70 | Gravel content |0.70 | Gravel content |1.00

 | | | | | | Content of large |0.32

 | | | | | | stones |

 | | | | | | |

RuD: | | | | | | |

 Rushtown------------| 90 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Gravel content |1.00

 | | Gravel content |0.98 | Gravel content |0.98 | Slope |1.00

 | | | | | | |

RuF: | | | | | | |

 Rushtown------------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Gravel content |1.00

 | | Gravel content |0.98 | Gravel content |0.98 | Slope |1.00

 | | | | | | |

ShC: | | | | | | |

 Schaffenaker--------| 80 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Too stony |0.81 | Too stony |0.81 | Slope |1.00

 | | Too sandy |0.59 | Too sandy |0.59 | Depth to bedrock |0.90

 | | Slope |0.04 | Slope |0.04 | Content of large |0.84

 | | | | | | stones |

 | | | | | | Too stony |0.81

 | | | | | | Too sandy |0.59

 | | | | | | |
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

478

Table 11a.--Recreational Development (Part 1)--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 |Pct.| Camp areas | Picnic areas | Playgrounds

 Map symbol | of |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 and soil name |map | Rating class and | | Rating class and | | Rating class and |

 |unit| limiting features |Value| limiting features |Value| limiting features |Value

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

SkF: | | | | | | |

 Schaffenaker--------| 45 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Too stony |1.00 | Too stony |1.00 | Too stony |1.00

 | | Too sandy |0.59 | Too sandy |0.59 | Depth to bedrock |0.90

 | | | | | | Content of large |0.84

 | | | | | | stones |

 | | | | | | Too sandy |0.59

 | | | | | | |

 Rock outcrop--------| 40 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | |

SnE: | | | | | | |

 Schaffenaker--------| 45 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Too stony |0.81 | Too stony |0.81 | Depth to bedrock |0.90

 | | Too sandy |0.59 | Too sandy |0.59 | Content of large |0.84

 | | | | | | stones |

 | | | | | | Too stony |0.81

 | | | | | | Too sandy |0.59

 | | | | | | |

 Vanderlip-----------| 40 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Too sandy |0.82 | Too sandy |0.82 | Content of large |0.97

 | | Too stony |0.81 | Too stony |0.81 | stones |

 | | Content of large |0.01 | Content of large |0.01 | Too sandy |0.82

 | | stones | | stones | | Too stony |0.81

 | | | | | | |

SnF: | | | | | | |

 Schaffenaker--------| 40 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Too stony |0.81 | Too stony |0.81 | Depth to bedrock |0.90

 | | Too sandy |0.59 | Too sandy |0.59 | Content of large |0.84

 | | | | | | stones |

 | | | | | | Too stony |0.81

 | | | | | | Too sandy |0.59

 | | | | | | |

 Vanderlip-----------| 40 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Too sandy |0.82 | Too sandy |0.82 | Content of large |0.97

 | | Too stony |0.81 | Too stony |0.81 | stones |

 | | Content of large |0.01 | Content of large |0.01 | Too sandy |0.82

 | | stones | | stones | | Too stony |0.81

 | | | | | | |

SxC: | | | | | | |

 Sideling------------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Too stony |1.00 | Too stony |1.00 | Too stony |1.00

 | | Restricted |0.96 | Restricted |0.96 | Gravel content |1.00

 | | permeability | | permeability | | Slope |1.00

 | | Gravel content |0.36 | Gravel content |0.36 | Restricted |0.96

 | | Slope |0.04 | Slope |0.04 | permeability |

 | | | | | | Content of large |0.32

 | | | | | | stones |

 | | | | | | |

SxE: | | | | | | |

 Sideling------------| 80 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Too stony |1.00 | Too stony |1.00 | Too stony |1.00

 | | Restricted |0.96 | Restricted |0.96 | Gravel content |1.00

 | | permeability | | permeability | | Restricted |0.96

 | | Gravel content |0.36 | Gravel content |0.36 | permeability |

 | | | | | | Content of large |0.32

 | | | | | | stones |
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

479

Table 11a.--Recreational Development (Part 1)--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 |Pct.| Camp areas | Picnic areas | Playgrounds

 Map symbol | of |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 and soil name |map | Rating class and | | Rating class and | | Rating class and |

 |unit| limiting features |Value| limiting features |Value| limiting features |Value

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

SyE: | | | | | | |

 Sideling------------| 80 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Too stony |1.00 | Too stony |1.00 | Too stony |1.00

 | | Restricted |0.96 | Restricted |0.96 | Content of large |1.00

 | | permeability | | permeability | | stones |

 | | Content of large |0.96 | Content of large |0.96 | Gravel content |1.00

 | | stones | | stones | | Restricted |0.96

 | | Gravel content |0.36 | Gravel content |0.36 | permeability |

 | | | | | | |

Ta: | | | | | | |

 Tioga---------------| 90 |Very limited | |Not limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | | | Flooding |0.60

 | | | | | | |

TyA: | | | | | | |

 Tygart--------------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | Restricted |0.96 | Restricted |0.96 | Restricted |0.96

 | | permeability | | permeability | | permeability |

 | | | | | | |

Ua: | | | | | | |

 Udorthents----------| 95 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | |

Uu: | | | | | | |

 Urban land----------| 45 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | |

 Udorthents----------| 45 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | |

WaB: | | | | | | |

 Weikert-------------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Gravel content |1.00

 | | Gravel content |0.92 | Gravel content |0.92 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | | | | | Slope |1.00

 | | | | | | Content of large |0.01

 | | | | | | stones |

 | | | | | | |

WaC: | | | | | | |

 Weikert-------------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Gravel content |1.00

 | | Gravel content |0.92 | Gravel content |0.92 | Slope |1.00

 | | Slope |0.63 | Slope |0.63 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | | | | | Content of large |0.01

 | | | | | | stones |

 | | | | | | |

WbC: | | | | | | |

 Weikert-------------| 45 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Gravel content |1.00

 | | Gravel content |0.92 | Gravel content |0.92 | Slope |1.00

 | | Slope |0.63 | Slope |0.63 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | | | | | Content of large |0.01

 | | | | | | stones |

 | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 40 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |0.63 | Slope |0.63 | Slope |1.00

 | | Gravel content |0.39 | Gravel content |0.39 | Gravel content |1.00

 | | | | | | Depth to bedrock |0.84

 | | | | | | Content of large |0.32

 | | | | | | stones |

 | | | | | | |
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

480

Table 11a.--Recreational Development (Part 1)--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 |Pct.| Camp areas | Picnic areas | Playgrounds

 Map symbol | of |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 and soil name |map | Rating class and | | Rating class and | | Rating class and |

 |unit| limiting features |Value| limiting features |Value| limiting features |Value

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

WbD: | | | | | | |

 Weikert-------------| 50 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Gravel content |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Gravel content |0.92 | Gravel content |0.92 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | | | | | Content of large |0.01

 | | | | | | stones |

 | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 35 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Gravel content |0.39 | Gravel content |0.39 | Gravel content |1.00

 | | | | | | Depth to bedrock |0.95

 | | | | | | Content of large |0.32

 | | | | | | stones |

 | | | | | | |

WkF: | | | | | | |

 Weikert-------------| 50 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Gravel content |0.84 | Gravel content |0.84 | Gravel content |1.00

 | | | | | | Content of large |0.54

 | | | | | | stones |

 | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 35 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Gravel content |0.70 | Gravel content |0.70 | Gravel content |1.00

 | | | | | | Depth to bedrock |0.84

 | | | | | | Content of large |0.32

 | | | | | | stones |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

481

Table 11b.--Recreational Development (Part 2)

(The information in this table indicates the dominant soil condition but does not eliminate the need

 for onsite investigation. The numbers in the value columns range from 0.01 to 1.00. The larger

 the value, the greater the limitation. See text for further explanation of ratings in this table.)

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 |Pct.| Paths and trails | Off-road motorcycle | Golf fairways

 Map symbol | of | | trails |

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and | | Rating class and | | Rating class and |

 | | limiting features |Value| limiting features |Value| limiting features |Value

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

AgB: | | | | | | |

 Allegheny-----------| 80 |Not limited | |Not limited | |Not limited |

 | | | | | | |

AgC: | | | | | | |

 Allegheny-----------| 80 |Not limited | |Not limited | |Not limited |

 | | | | | | |

AnB: | | | | | | |

 Andover-------------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | | | | | Gravel content |0.05

 | | | | | | Droughty |0.02

 | | | | | | |

Ba: | | | | | | |

 Basher--------------| 75 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Depth to |0.04 | Depth to |0.04 | Flooding |0.60

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | Depth to |0.35

 | | Too sandy |0.01 | Too sandy |0.01 | saturated zone |

 | | | | | | |

BbC: | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 80 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Too stony |0.53 | Too stony |0.53 | Droughty |0.91

 | | | | | | Depth to bedrock |0.90

 | | | | | | Content of large |0.84

 | | | | | | stones |

 | | | | | | Gravel content |0.78

 | | | | | | Slope |0.04

 | | | | | | |

BbE: | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 75 |Very limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Too stony |0.53 | Slope |1.00

 | | Too stony |0.53 | | | Droughty |0.91

 | | | | | | Depth to bedrock |0.90

 | | | | | | Content of large |0.84

 | | | | | | stones |

 | | | | | | Gravel content |0.78

 | | | | | | |

BcD: | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 45 |Somewhat limited | |Not limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |0.50 | | | Slope |1.00

 | | | | | | Droughty |1.00

 | | | | | | Depth to bedrock |0.95

 | | | | | | Gravel content |0.39

 | | | | | | Content of large |0.32

 | | | | | | stones |

 | | | | | | |

 Calvin--------------| 40 |Somewhat limited | |Not limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |0.50 | | | Slope |1.00

 | | | | | | Depth to bedrock |0.80

 | | | | | | Droughty |0.57

 | | | | | | Content of large |0.03

 | | | | | | stones |

 | | | | | | |
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

482

Table 11b.--Recreational Development (Part 2)--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 |Pct.| Paths and trails | Off-road motorcycle | Golf fairways

 Map symbol | of | | trails |

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and | | Rating class and | | Rating class and |

 | | limiting features |Value| limiting features |Value| limiting features |Value

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

BcE: | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 50 |Very limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |0.22 | Slope |1.00

 | | | | | | Droughty |1.00

 | | | | | | Depth to bedrock |0.95

 | | | | | | Gravel content |0.39

 | | | | | | Content of large |0.32

 | | | | | | stones |

 | | | | | | |

 Calvin--------------| 40 |Very limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |0.22 | Slope |1.00

 | | | | | | Depth to bedrock |0.80

 | | | | | | Droughty |0.57

 | | | | | | Content of large |0.03

 | | | | | | stones |

 | | | | | | |

BcF: | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 50 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | | | | | Droughty |1.00

 | | | | | | Depth to bedrock |0.95

 | | | | | | Gravel content |0.39

 | | | | | | Content of large |0.32

 | | | | | | stones |

 | | | | | | |

 Calvin--------------| 40 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | | | | | Depth to bedrock |0.80

 | | | | | | Droughty |0.57

 | | | | | | Content of large |0.03

 | | | | | | stones |

 | | | | | | |

BeB: | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 50 |Not limited | |Not limited | |Very limited |

 | | | | | | Droughty |1.00

 | | | | | | Depth to bedrock |0.84

 | | | | | | Gravel content |0.39

 | | | | | | Content of large |0.32

 | | | | | | stones |

 | | | | | | |

 Clearbrook----------| 45 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | | | | | Droughty |0.98

 | | | | | | Depth to bedrock |0.97

 | | | | | | Content of large |0.32

 | | | | | | stones |

 | | | | | | |

BeC: | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 55 |Not limited | |Not limited | |Very limited |

 | | | | | | Droughty |1.00

 | | | | | | Depth to bedrock |0.84

 | | | | | | Slope |0.63

 | | | | | | Gravel content |0.39

 | | | | | | Content of large |0.32

 | | | | | | stones |

 | | | | | | |
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

483

Table 11b.--Recreational Development (Part 2)--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 |Pct.| Paths and trails | Off-road motorcycle | Golf fairways

 Map symbol | of | | trails |

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and | | Rating class and | | Rating class and |

 | | limiting features |Value| limiting features |Value| limiting features |Value

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

BeC: | | | | | | |

 Clearbrook----------| 40 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | | | | | Droughty |0.98

 | | | | | | Depth to bedrock |0.97

 | | | | | | Slope |0.63

 | | | | | | Content of large |0.32

 | | | | | | stones |

 | | | | | | |

BkB: | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 45 |Not limited | |Not limited | |Very limited |

 | | | | | | Droughty |1.00

 | | | | | | Depth to bedrock |0.84

 | | | | | | Gravel content |0.39

 | | | | | | Content of large |0.32

 | | | | | | stones |

 | | | | | | |

 Weikert-------------| 40 |Not limited | |Not limited | |Very limited |

 | | | | | | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | | | | | Droughty |1.00

 | | | | | | Gravel content |0.92

 | | | | | | Content of large |0.01

 | | | | | | stones |

 | | | | | | |

BqF: | | | | | | |

 Blackthorn----------| 80 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Too stony |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Too stony |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Content of large |1.00

 | | Content of large |0.50 | Content of large |0.50 | stones |

 | | stones | | stones | | |

 | | | | | | |

BrB: | | | | | | |

 Brinkerton----------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | | | | | Content of large |0.01

 | | | | | | stones |

 | | | | | | |

BuB: | | | | | | |

 Buchanan------------| 85 |Not limited | |Not limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | | | | | Gravel content |0.54

 | | | | | | Depth to |0.19

 | | | | | | saturated zone |

 | | | | | | Content of large |0.01

 | | | | | | stones |

 | | | | | | |

BuC: | | | | | | |

 Buchanan------------| 85 |Not limited | |Not limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | | | | | Slope |0.63

 | | | | | | Gravel content |0.54

 | | | | | | Depth to |0.19

 | | | | | | saturated zone |

 | | | | | | Content of large |0.01

 | | | | | | stones |

 | | | | | | |
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

484

Table 11b.--Recreational Development (Part 2)--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 |Pct.| Paths and trails | Off-road motorcycle | Golf fairways

 Map symbol | of | | trails |

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and | | Rating class and | | Rating class and |

 | | limiting features |Value| limiting features |Value| limiting features |Value

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

BxC: | | | | | | |

 Buchanan------------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Too stony |1.00 | Too stony |1.00 | Content of large |0.99

 | | Content of large |0.01 | Content of large |0.01 | stones |

 | | stones | | stones | | Depth to |0.19

 | | | | | | saturated zone |

 | | | | | | Slope |0.04

 | | | | | | |

BxE: | | | | | | |

 Buchanan------------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Too stony |1.00 | Too stony |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Slope |1.00 | Content of large |0.01 | Content of large |0.99

 | | Content of large |0.01 | stones | | stones |

 | | stones | | | | Depth to |0.19

 | | | | | | saturated zone |

 | | | | | | |

CbB: | | | | | | |

 Calvin--------------| 55 |Not limited | |Not limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | | | | | Depth to bedrock |0.80

 | | | | | | Droughty |0.57

 | | | | | | Content of large |0.03

 | | | | | | stones |

 | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 35 |Not limited | |Not limited | |Very limited |

 | | | | | | Droughty |1.00

 | | | | | | Depth to bedrock |0.95

 | | | | | | Gravel content |0.39

 | | | | | | Content of large |0.32

 | | | | | | stones |

 | | | | | | |

CbC: | | | | | | |

 Calvin--------------| 50 |Not limited | |Not limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | | | | | Depth to bedrock |0.80

 | | | | | | Slope |0.63

 | | | | | | Droughty |0.57

 | | | | | | Content of large |0.03

 | | | | | | stones |

 | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 35 |Not limited | |Not limited | |Very limited |

 | | | | | | Droughty |1.00

 | | | | | | Depth to bedrock |0.95

 | | | | | | Slope |0.63

 | | | | | | Gravel content |0.39

 | | | | | | Content of large |0.32

 | | | | | | stones |

 | | | | | | |

CkB: | | | | | | |

 Calvin--------------| 65 |Not limited | |Not limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | | | | | Depth to bedrock |0.80

 | | | | | | Droughty |0.57

 | | | | | | Content of large |0.03

 | | | | | | stones |

 | | | | | | |

 Klinesville---------| 30 |Not limited | |Not limited | |Very limited |

 | | | | | | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | | | | | Droughty |1.00

 | | | | | | Gravel content |0.54

 | | | | | | Content of large |0.01

 | | | | | | stones |

 | | | | | | |
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

485

Table 11b.--Recreational Development (Part 2)--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 |Pct.| Paths and trails | Off-road motorcycle | Golf fairways

 Map symbol | of | | trails |

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and | | Rating class and | | Rating class and |

 | | limiting features |Value| limiting features |Value| limiting features |Value

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

CkC: | | | | | | |

 Calvin--------------| 65 |Not limited | |Not limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | | | | | Depth to bedrock |0.80

 | | | | | | Slope |0.63

 | | | | | | Droughty |0.57

 | | | | | | Content of large |0.03

 | | | | | | stones |

 | | | | | | |

 Klinesville---------| 30 |Not limited | |Not limited | |Very limited |

 | | | | | | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | | | | | Droughty |1.00

 | | | | | | Slope |0.63

 | | | | | | Gravel content |0.54

 | | | | | | Content of large |0.01

 | | | | | | stones |

 | | | | | | |

CkD: | | | | | | |

 Calvin--------------| 65 |Somewhat limited | |Not limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |0.50 | | | Slope |1.00

 | | | | | | Depth to bedrock |0.80

 | | | | | | Droughty |0.57

 | | | | | | Content of large |0.03

 | | | | | | stones |

 | | | | | | |

 Klinesville---------| 30 |Somewhat limited | |Not limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |0.50 | | | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | | | | | Slope |1.00

 | | | | | | Droughty |1.00

 | | | | | | Gravel content |0.54

 | | | | | | Content of large |0.01

 | | | | | | stones |

 | | | | | | |

CkE: | | | | | | |

 Calvin--------------| 60 |Very limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |0.22 | Slope |1.00

 | | | | | | Depth to bedrock |0.80

 | | | | | | Droughty |0.57

 | | | | | | Content of large |0.03

 | | | | | | stones |

 | | | | | | |

 Klinesville---------| 30 |Very limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |0.22 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | | | | | Slope |1.00

 | | | | | | Droughty |1.00

 | | | | | | Gravel content |0.54

 | | | | | | Content of large |0.01

 | | | | | | stones |

 | | | | | | |

CkF: | | | | | | |

 Calvin--------------| 45 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | | | | | Depth to bedrock |0.80

 | | | | | | Droughty |0.57

 | | | | | | Content of large |0.03

 | | | | | | stones |

 | | | | | | |
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

486

Table 11b.--Recreational Development (Part 2)--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 |Pct.| Paths and trails | Off-road motorcycle | Golf fairways

 Map symbol | of | | trails |

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and | | Rating class and | | Rating class and |

 | | limiting features |Value| limiting features |Value| limiting features |Value

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

CkF: | | | | | | |

 Klinesville---------| 30 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | | | | | Slope |1.00

 | | | | | | Droughty |1.00

 | | | | | | Gravel content |0.54

 | | | | | | Content of large |0.01

 | | | | | | stones |

 | | | | | | |

ClC: | | | | | | |

 Caneyville----------| 90 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Water erosion |1.00 | Water erosion |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |0.90

 | | | | | | Slope |0.63

 | | | | | | Droughty |0.01

 | | | | | | |

ClD: | | | | | | |

 Caneyville----------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Water erosion |1.00 | Water erosion |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Slope |0.50 | | | Depth to bedrock |0.90

 | | | | | | Droughty |0.01

 | | | | | | |

ClE: | | | | | | |

 Caneyville----------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Water erosion |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Water erosion |1.00 | Slope |0.22 | Depth to bedrock |0.90

 | | | | | | Droughty |0.01

 | | | | | | |

CnF: | | | | | | |

 Caneyville----------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Water erosion |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Water erosion |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |0.90

 | | | | | | Droughty |0.02

 | | | | | | |

CrB: | | | | | | |

 Clarksburg----------| 80 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Depth to |0.04 | Depth to |0.04 | Depth to |0.35

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | | | | | Content of large |0.03

 | | | | | | stones |

 | | | | | | |

CrC: | | | | | | |

 Clarksburg----------| 80 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Depth to |0.04 | Depth to |0.04 | Slope |0.63

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | Depth to |0.35

 | | | | | | saturated zone |

 | | | | | | Content of large |0.03

 | | | | | | stones |

 | | | | | | |

CvB: | | | | | | |

 Clearbrook----------| 50 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | | | | | Depth to bedrock |0.97

 | | | | | | Droughty |0.79

 | | | | | | Content of large |0.01

 | | | | | | stones |

 | | | | | | |

 Cavode--------------| 35 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | | | | | |
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

487

Table 11b.--Recreational Development (Part 2)--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 |Pct.| Paths and trails | Off-road motorcycle | Golf fairways

 Map symbol | of | | trails |

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and | | Rating class and | | Rating class and |

 | | limiting features |Value| limiting features |Value| limiting features |Value

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

Cz: | | | | | | |

 Combs---------------| 85 |Not limited | |Not limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | | | | | Flooding |0.60

 | | | | | | |

DkC: | | | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Too stony |1.00 | Too stony |1.00 | Content of large |1.00

 | | Content of large |0.42 | Content of large |0.42 | stones |

 | | stones | | stones | | Depth to bedrock |0.90

 | | | | | | Droughty |0.73

 | | | | | | Gravel content |0.19

 | | | | | | Slope |0.04

 | | | | | | |

DrE: | | | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 70 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | |

 Rock outcrop--------| 15 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | |

DsB: | | | | | | |

 Downsville----------| 85 |Not limited | |Not limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | | | | | Gravel content |0.11

 | | | | | | Content of large |0.01

 | | | | | | stones |

 | | | | | | |

DsC: | | | | | | |

 Downsville----------| 80 |Not limited | |Not limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | | | | | Slope |0.63

 | | | | | | Gravel content |0.11

 | | | | | | Content of large |0.01

 | | | | | | stones |

 | | | | | | |

Dz: | | | | | | |

 Dunning-------------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Ponding |1.00

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | Depth to |1.00

 | | Ponding |1.00 | Ponding |1.oo | saturated zone |

 | | | | | | Flooding |0.60

 | | | | | | |

ErB: | | | | | | |

 Ernest--------------| 85 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Depth to |0.44 | Depth to |0.44 | Depth to |0.75

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | | | | | Content of large |0.01

 | | | | | | stones |

 | | | | | | |

ErC: | | | | | | |

 Ernest--------------| 80 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Water erosion |1.00 | Water erosion |1.00 | Depth to |0.75

 | | Depth to |0.44 | Depth to |0.44 | saturated zone |

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | Slope |0.63

 | | | | | | Content of large |0.01

 | | | | | | stones |

 | | | | | | |

HaE: | | | | | | |

 Hazleton------------| 45 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Too stony |1.00 | Too stony |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Slope |1.00 | Content of large |0.42 | Content of large |1.00

 | | Content of large |0.42 | stones | | stones |

 | | stones | | | | Gravel content |0.01

 | | | | | | |
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

488

Table 11b.--Recreational Development (Part 2)--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 |Pct.| Paths and trails | Off-road motorcycle | Golf fairways

 Map symbol | of | | trails |

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and | | Rating class and | | Rating class and |

 | | limiting features |Value| limiting features |Value| limiting features |Value

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

HaE: | | | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 40 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Too stony |1.00 | Too stony |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Slope |1.00 | Content of large |0.42 | Content of large |1.00

 | | Content of large |0.42 | stones | | stones |

 | | stones | | | | Depth to bedrock |0.90

 | | | | | | Droughty |0.73

 | | | | | | Gravel content |0.19

 | | | | | | |

HaF: | | | | | | |

 Hazleton------------| 55 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Too stony |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Too stony |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Content of large |1.00

 | | Content of large |0.42 | Content of large |0.42 | stones |

 | | stones | | stones | | Gravel content |0.01

 | | | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 25 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Too stony |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Too stony |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Content of large |1.00

 | | Content of large |0.42 | Content of large |0.42 | stones |

 | | stones | | stones | | Depth to bedrock |0.90

 | | | | | | Droughty |0.73

 | | | | | | Gravel content |0.19

 | | | | | | |

HdF: | | | | | | |

 Hazleton------------| 55 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Too stony |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Too stony |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Content of large |1.00

 | | Content of large |1.00 | Content of large |1.00 | stones |0.01

 | | stones | | stones | | Gravel content |0.01

 | | | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 25 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Too stony |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Too stony |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Content of large |1.00

 | | Content of large |0.96 | Content of large |0.96 | stones |

 | | stones | | stones | | Depth to bedrock |0.90

 | | | | | | Droughty |0.73

 | | | | | | Gravel content |0.19

 | | | | | | |

 Rock outcrop--------| 15 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | |

HeF: | | | | | | |

 Hazleton------------| 55 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Too stony |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Too stony |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Content of large |1.00

 | | Content of large |1.00 | Content of large |1.00 | stones |

 | | stones | | stones | | Gravel content |0.01

 | | | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 25 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Too stony |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Too stony |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Content of large |1.00

 | | Content of large |1.00 | Content of large |1.00 | stones |

 | | stones | | stones | | Depth to bedrock |0.90

 | | | | | | Droughty |0.73

 | | | | | | Gravel content |0.19

 | | | | | | |

 Rock outcrop--------| 15 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | |
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

489

Table 11b.--Recreational Development (Part 2)--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 |Pct.| Paths and trails | Off-road motorcycle | Golf fairways

 Map symbol | of | | trails |

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and | | Rating class and | | Rating class and |

 | | limiting features |Value| limiting features |Value| limiting features |Value

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

HlF: | | | | | | |

 Hazleton------------| 50 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Too stony |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Too stony |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Content of large |1.00

 | | Content of large |0.42 | Content of large |0.42 | stones |

 | | stones | | stones | | Gravel content |0.01

 | | | | | | |

 Lehew---------------| 20 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Too stony |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Too stony |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Content of large |1.00

 | | Content of large |0.14 | Content of large |0.14 | stones |

 | | stones | | stones | | Droughty |0.33

 | | | | | | Gravel content |0.11

 | | | | | | Depth to bedrock |0.08

 | | | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 15 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Too stony |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Too stony |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Content of large |1.00

 | | Content of large |0.42 | Content of large |0.42 | stones |

 | | stones | | stones | | Depth to bedrock |0.90

 | | | | | | Droughty |0.73

 | | | | | | Gravel content |0.19

 | | | | | | |

Ho: | | | | | | |

 Holly---------------| 80 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Ponding |1.00

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | Flooding |1.00

 | | Ponding |1.00 | Ponding |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | | Flooding |0.40 | Flooding |0.40 | saturated zone |

 | | | | | | |

HwB: | | | | | | |

 Hustontown----------| 85 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Depth to |0.44 | Depth to |0.44 | Depth to |0.75

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | | | | | Content of large |0.01

 | | | | | | stones |

 | | | | | | |

Ln: | | | | | | |

 Lindside------------| 80 |Not limited | |Not limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | | | | | Flooding |0.60

 | | | | | | Depth to |0.03

 | | | | | | saturated zone |

 | | | | | | |

LzC: | | | | | | |

 Litz----------------| 90 |Not limited | |Not limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | | | | | Gravel content |0.61

 | | | | | | Content of large |0.54

 | | | | | | stones |

 | | | | | | Slope |0.50

 | | | | | | Depth to bedrock |0.35

 | | | | | | |

LzD: | | | | | | |

 Litz----------------| 85 |Somewhat limited | |Not limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |0.50 | | | Slope |1.00

 | | | | | | Gravel content |0.61

 | | | | | | Content of large |0.54

 | | | | | | stones |

 | | | | | | Depth to bedrock |0.35

 | | | | | | |
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

490

Table 11b.--Recreational Development (Part 2)--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 |Pct.| Paths and trails | Off-road motorcycle | Golf fairways

 Map symbol | of | | trails |

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and | | Rating class and | | Rating class and |

 | | limiting features |Value| limiting features |Value| limiting features |Value

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

LzE: | | | | | | |

 Litz----------------| 80 |Very limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |0.22 | Slope |1.00

 | | | | | | Gravel content |0.61

 | | | | | | Content of large |0.54

 | | | | | | stones |

 | | | | | | Depth to bedrock |0.35

 | | | | | | |

LzF: | | | | | | |

 Litz----------------| 80 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | | | | | Gravel content |0.61

 | | | | | | Content of large |0.54

 | | | | | | stones |

 | | | | | | Depth to bedrock |0.35

 | | | | | | |

Me: | | | | | | |

 Melvin--------------| 90 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Ponding |1.00

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | Flooding |1.00

 | | Ponding |1.00 | Ponding |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | | Flooding |0.40 | Flooding |0.40 | saturated zone |

 | | | | | | |

MhA: | | | | | | |

 Monongahela---------| 80 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Depth to |0.11 | Depth to |0.11 | Depth to |0.48

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | | | | | |

MhB: | | | | | | |

 Monongahela---------| 85 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Depth to |0.11 | Depth to |0.11 | Depth to |0.48

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | | | | | |

MhC: | | | | | | |

 Monongahela---------| 80 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Water erosion |1.00 | Water erosion |1.00 | Slope |0.63

 | | Depth to |0.11 | Depth to |0.11 | Depth to |0.48

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | | | | | |

MrC: | | | | | | |

 Murrill-------------| 90 |Not limited | |Not limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | | | | | Slope |0.63

 | | | | | | Gravel content |0.41

 | | | | | | |

MrD: | | | | | | |

 Murrill-------------| 85 |Somewhat limited | |Not limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |0.50 | | | Slope |1.00

 | | | | | | Gravel content |0.41

 | | | | | | |

MsC: | | | | | | |

 Murrill-------------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Too stony |1.00 | Too stony |1.00 | Slope |0.04

 | | | | | | Content of large |0.01

 | | | | | | stones |

 | | | | | | |

MsE: | | | | | | |

 Murrill-------------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Too stony |1.00 | Too stony |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Slope |1.00 | | | Content of large |0.01

 | | | | | | stones |

 | | | | | | |
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

491

Table 11b.--Recreational Development (Part 2)--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 |Pct.| Paths and trails | Off-road motorcycle | Golf fairways

 Map symbol | of | | trails |

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and | | Rating class and | | Rating class and |

 | | limiting features |Value| limiting features |Value| limiting features |Value

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

Pg: | | | | | | |

 Philo---------------| 75 |Not limited | |Not limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | | | | | Flooding |0.60

 | | | | | | Gravel content |0.14

 | | | | | | Depth to |0.03

 | | | | | | saturated zone |

 | | | | | | |

Ph: | | | | | | |

 Philo---------------| 75 |Not limited | |Not limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | | | | | Flooding |0.60

 | | | | | | Depth to |0.03

 | | | | | | saturated zone |

 | | | | | | |

Ps: | | | | | | |

 Pope----------------| 90 |Not limited | |Not limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | | | | | Flooding |0.60

 | | | | | | |

Px: | | | | | | |

 Pope----------------| 90 |Not limited | |Not limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | | | | | Flooding |0.60

 | | | | | | |

Pz: | | | | | | |

 Pope----------------| 50 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Flooding |0.40 | Flooding |0.40 | Flooding |1.00

 | | | | | | |

 Philo---------------| 30 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Flooding |0.40 | Flooding |0.40 | Flooding |1.00

 | | | | | | Depth to |0.19

 | | | | | | saturated zone |

 | | | | | | |

Qm: | | | | | | |

 Quarry, limestone---| 97 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | |

Qo: | | | | | | |

 Quarry, sandstone---| 95 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | |

Qs: | | | | | | |

 Quarry, shale-------| 96 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | |

ReG: | | | | | | |

 Rock outcrop--------| 50 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | |

 Opequon-------------| 40 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Water erosion |1.00 | Water erosion |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | | | | | Droughty |0.99

 | | | | | | Gravel content |0.05

 | | | | | | |

RgG: | | | | | | |

 Rock outcrop--------| 50 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | |

 Rough---------------| 45 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | | | | | Slope |1.00

 | | | | | | Droughty |1.00

 | | | | | | Gravel content |0.70

 | | | | | | Content of large |0.32

 | | | | | | stones |

 | | | | | | |
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

492

Table 11b.--Recreational Development (Part 2)--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 |Pct.| Paths and trails | Off-road motorcycle | Golf fairways

 Map symbol | of | | trails |

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and | | Rating class and | | Rating class and |

 | | limiting features |Value| limiting features |Value| limiting features |Value

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

RuD: | | | | | | |

 Rushtown------------| 90 |Somewhat limited | |Not limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |0.50 | | | Slope |1.00

 | | | | | | Gravel content |0.98

 | | | | | | |

RuF: | | | | | | |

 Rushtown------------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | | | | | Gravel content |0.98

 | | | | | | |

ShC: | | | | | | |

 Schaffenaker--------| 80 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Too stony |0.81 | Too stony |0.81 | Droughty |0.99

 | | Too sandy |0.59 | Too sandy |0.59 | Depth to bedrock |0.90

 | | | | | | Content of large |0.84

 | | | | | | stones |

 | | | | | | Slope |0.04

 | | | | | | |

SkF: | | | | | | |

 Schaffenaker--------| 45 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Too stony |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Too stony |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Droughty |0.99

 | | Too sandy |0.59 | Too sandy |0.59 | Depth to bedrock |0.90

 | | | | | | Content of large |0.84

 | | | | | | stones |

 | | | | | | |

 Rock outcrop--------| 40 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | |

SnE: | | | | | | |

 Schaffenaker--------| 45 |Very limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Too stony |0.81 | Slope |1.00

 | | Too stony |0.81 | Too sandy |0.59 | Droughty |0.99

 | | Too sandy |0.59 | | | Depth to bedrock |0.90

 | | | | | | Content of large |0.84

 | | | | | | stones |

 | | | | | | |

 Vanderlip-----------| 40 |Very limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Too sandy |0.82 | Slope |1.00

 | | Too sandy |0.82 | Too stony |0.81 | Content of large |0.97

 | | Too stony |0.81 | Content of large |0.01 | stones |

 | | Content of large |0.01 | stones | | |

 | | stones | | | | |

 | | | | | | |

SnF: | | | | | | |

 Schaffenaker--------| 40 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Too stony |0.81 | Too stony |0.81 | Droughty |0.99

 | | Too sandy |0.59 | Too sandy |0.59 | Depth to bedrock |0.90

 | | | | | | Content of large |0.84

 | | | | | | stones |

 | | | | | | |

 Vanderlip-----------| 40 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Too sandy |0.82 | Too sandy |0.82 | Content of large |0.97

 | | Too stony |0.81 | Too stony |0.81 | stones |

 | | Content of large |0.01 | Content of large |0.01 | |

 | | stones | | stones | | |

 | | | | | | |
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

493

Table 11b.--Recreational Development (Part 2)--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 |Pct.| Paths and trails | Off-road motorcycle | Golf fairways

 Map symbol | of | | trails |

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and | | Rating class and | | Rating class and |

 | | limiting features |Value| limiting features |Value| limiting features |Value

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

SxC: | | | | | | |

 Sideling------------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Too stony |1.00 | Too stony |1.00 | Gravel content |0.36

 | | | | | | Content of large |0.32

 | | | | | | stones |

 | | | | | | Slope |0.04

 | | | | | | |

SxE: | | | | | | |

 Sideling------------| 80 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Too stony |1.00 | Too stony |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Slope |1.00 | | | Gravel content |0.36

 | | | | | | Content of large |0.32

 | | | | | | stones |

 | | | | | | |

SyE: | | | | | | |

 Sideling------------| 80 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Too stony |1.00 | Too stony |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Slope |1.00 | Content of large |0.96 | Content of large |1.00

 | | Content of large |0.96 | stones | | stones |

 | | stones | | | | Gravel content |0.36

 | | | | | | |

Ta: | | | | | | |

 Tioga---------------| 90 |Not limited | |Not limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | | | | | Flooding |0.60

 | | | | | | |

TyA: | | | | | | |

 Tygart--------------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | | | | | |

Ua: | | | | | | |

 Udorthents----------| 95 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | |

Uu: | | | | | | |

 Urban land----------| 45 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | |

 Udorthents----------| 45 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | |

WaB: | | | | | | |

 Weikert-------------| 85 |Not limited | |Not limited | |Very limited |

 | | | | | | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | | | | | Droughty |1.00

 | | | | | | Gravel content |0.92

 | | | | | | Content of large |0.01

 | | | | | | stones |

 | | | | | | |

WaC: | | | | | | |

 Weikert-------------| 85 |Not limited | |Not limited | |Very limited |

 | | | | | | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | | | | | Droughty |1.00

 | | | | | | Gravel content |0.92

 | | | | | | Slope |0.63

 | | | | | | Content of large |0.01

 | | | | | | stones |

 | | | | | | |
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

494

Table 11b.--Recreational Development (Part 2)--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 |Pct.| Paths and trails | Off-road motorcycle | Golf fairways

 Map symbol | of | | trails |

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and | | Rating class and | | Rating class and |

 | | limiting features |Value| limiting features |Value| limiting features |Value

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

WbC: | | | | | | |

 Weikert-------------| 45 |Not limited | |Not limited | |Very limited |

 | | | | | | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | | | | | Droughty |1.00

 | | | | | | Gravel content |0.92

 | | | | | | Slope |0.63

 | | | | | | Content of large |0.01

 | | | | | | stones |

 | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 40 |Not limited | |Not limited | |Very limited |

 | | | | | | Droughty |1.00

 | | | | | | Depth to bedrock |0.84

 | | | | | | Slope |0.63

 | | | | | | Gravel content |0.39

 | | | | | | Content of large |0.32

 | | | | | | stones |

 | | | | | | |

WbD: | | | | | | |

 Weikert-------------| 50 |Somewhat limited | |Not limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |0.50 | | | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | | | | | Slope |1.00

 | | | | | | Droughty |1.00

 | | | | | | Gravel content |0.92

 | | | | | | Content of large |0.01

 | | | | | | stones |

 | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 35 |Somewhat limited | |Not limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |0.50 | | | Slope |1.00

 | | | | | | Droughty |1.00

 | | | | | | Depth to bedrock |0.95

 | | | | | | Gravel content |0.39

 | | | | | | Content of large |0.32

 | | | | | | stones |

 | | | | | | |

WkF: | | | | | | |

 Weikert-------------| 50 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | | | | | Slope |1.00

 | | | | | | Droughty |1.00

 | | | | | | Gravel content |0.84

 | | | | | | Content of large |0.54

 | | | | | | stones |

 | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 35 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | | | | | Droughty |0.87

 | | | | | | Depth to bedrock |0.84

 | | | | | | Gravel content |0.70

 | | | | | | Content of large |0.32

 | | | | | | stones |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

495

Table 12.--Wildlife Habitat

(See text for definitions of terms used in this table. Absence of an entry indicates that no rating is

 applicable.)

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | Potential for habitat elements |Potential as habitat for--

 |________________________________________________________|__________________________

 Map symbol | Grain | | Wild | | | | | | |

 snd soil name | and |Grasses|herba- |Hardwood|Conif- |Wetland|Shallow|Openland|Woodland|Wetland

 | seed | and | ceous | trees | erous |plants | water |wildlife|wildlife|wildlife

 | crops |legumes|plants | |plants | | areas | | |

____________________|_______|_______|_______|________|_______|_______|_______|________|________|________

 | | | | | | | | | |

AgB: | | | | | | | | | |

 Allegheny----------|Good |Good |Good |Good |Good |Poor |Very |Good |Good |Very

 | | | | | | | poor | | | poor

 | | | | | | | | | |

AgC: | | | | | | | | | |

 Allegheny----------|Good |Good |Good |Good |Good |Poor |Very |Good |Good |Very

 | | | | | | | poor | | | poor

 | | | | | | | | | |

AnB: | | | | | | | | | |

 Andover------------|Poor |Fair |Good |Fair |Fair |Poor |Very |Fair |Fair |Very

 | | | | | | | poor | | | poor

 | | | | | | | | | |

Ba: | | | | | | | | | |

 Basher-------------|Good |Good |Good |Good |Good |Poor |Poor |Good |Good |Poor

 | | | | | | | | | |

BbC: | | | | | | | | | |

 Berks--------------|Very |Poor |Fair |Poor |Poor |Very |Very |Poor |Poor |Very

 | poor | | | | | poor | poor | | | poor

 | | | | | | | | | |

BbE: | | | | | | | | | |

 Berks--------------|Very |Poor |Fair |Poor |Poor |Very |Very |Poor |Poor |Very

 | poor | | | | | poor | poor | | | poor

 | | | | | | | | | |

BcD: | | | | | | | | | |

 Berks--------------|Poor |Fair |Fair |Poor |Poor |Very |Very |Fair |Poor |Very

 | | | | | | poor | poor | | | poor

 | | | | | | | | | |

 Calvin-------------|Poor |Fair |Good |Fair |Fair |Very |Very |Fair |Fair |Very

 | | | | | | poor | poor | | | poor

 | | | | | | | | | |

BcE: | | | | | | | | | |

 Berks--------------|Very |Poor |Fair |Poor |Poor |Very |Very |Poor |Poor |Very

 | poor | | | | | poor | poor | | | poor

 | | | | | | | | | |

 Calvin-------------|Very |Fair |Good |Fair |Fair |Very |Very |Poor |Fair |Very

 | poor | | | | | poor | poor | | | poor

 | | | | | | | | | |

BcF: | | | | | | | | | |

 Berks--------------|Very |Poor |Fair |Poor |Poor |Very |Very |Poor |Poor |Very

 | poor | | | | | poor | poor | | | poor

 | | | | | | | | | |

 Calvin-------------|Very |Poor |Good |Fair |Fair |Very |Very |Poor |Fair |Very

 | poor | | | | | poor | poor | | | poor

 | | | | | | | | | |

BeB: | | | | | | | | | |

 Berks--------------|Poor |Fair |Fair |Poor |Poor |Very |Very |Fair |Poor |Very

 | | | | | | poor | poor | | | poor

 | | | | | | | | | |

 Clearbrook---------|Poor |Fair |Fair |Poor |Poor |Poor |Very |Fair |Poor |Poor

 | | | | | | | poor | | |

 | | | | | | | | | |

BeC: | | | | | | | | | |

 Berks--------------|Poor |Fair |Fair |Poor |Poor |Very |Very |Fair |Poor |Very

 | | | | | | poor | poor | | | poor

 | | | | | | | | | |

 Clearbrook---------|Poor |Fair |Fair |Poor |Poor |Poor |Very |Fair |Poor |Poor

 | | | | | | | poor | | |

 | | | | | | | | | |
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

496

Table 12.--Wildlife Habitat--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | Potential for habitat elements |Potential as habitat for--

 |________________________________________________________|__________________________

 Map symbol | Grain | | Wild | | | | | | |

 snd soil name | and |Grasses|herba- |Hardwood|Conif- |Wetland|Shallow|Openland|Woodland|Wetland

 | seed | and | ceous | trees | erous |plants | water |wildlife|wildlife|wildlife

 | crops |legumes|plants | |plants | | areas | | |

____________________|_______|_______|_______|________|_______|_______|_______|________|________|________

 | | | | | | | | | |

BkB: | | | | | | | | | |

 Berks--------------|Poor |Fair |Fair |Poor |Poor |Very |Very |Fair |Poor |Very

 | | | | | | poor | poor | | | poor

 | | | | | | | | | |

 Weikert------------|Very |Poor |Poor |Very |Very |Very |Very |Poor |Very |Very

 | poor | | | poor | poor | poor | poor | | poor | poor

 | | | | | | | | | |

BqF: | | | | | | | | | |

 Blackthorn---------|Very |Very |Good |Good |Good |Very |Very |Poor |Fair |Very

 | poor | poor | | | | poor | poor | | | poor

 | | | | | | | | | |

BrB: | | | | | | | | | |

 Brinkerton---------|Poor |Fair |Good |Fair |Fair |Poor |Very |Fair |Fair |Very

 | | | | | | | poor | | | poor

 | | | | | | | | | |

BuB: | | | | | | | | | |

 Buchanan-----------|Fair |Good |Good |Good | --- |Poor |Very |Good |Good |Very

 | | | | | | | poor | | | poor

 | | | | | | | | | |

BuC: | | | | | | | | | |

 Buchanan-----------|Fair |Good |Good |Good | --- |Very |Very |Good |Good |Very

 | | | | | | poor | poor | | | poor

 | | | | | | | | | |

BxC: | | | | | | | | | |

 Buchanan-----------|Very |Very |Good |Good | --- |Poor |Very |Poor |Fair |Very

 | poor | poor | | | | | poor | | | poor

 | | | | | | | | | |

BxE: | | | | | | | | | |

 Buchanan-----------|Very |Very |Good |Good | --- |Poor |Very |Poor |Fair |Very

 | poor | poor | | | | | poor | | | poor

 | | | | | | | | | |

CbB: | | | | | | | | | |

 Calvin-------------|Fair |Good |Good |Fair |Fair |Poor |Very |Good |Fair |Very

 | | | | | | | poor | | | poor

 | | | | | | | | | |

 Berks--------------|Poor |Fair |Fair |Poor |Poor |Very |Very |Fair |Poor |Very

 | | | | | | poor | poor | | | poor

 | | | | | | | | | |

CbC: | | | | | | | | | |

 Calvin-------------|Fair |Good |Good |Fair |Fair |Very |Very |Good |Fair |Very

 | | | | | | poor | poor | | | poor

 | | | | | | | | | |

 Berks--------------|Poor |Fair |Fair |Poor |Poor |Very |Very |Fair |Poor |Very

 | | | | | | poor | poor | | | poor

 | | | | | | | | | |

CkB: | | | | | | | | | |

 Calvin-------------|Fair |Good |Good |Fair |Fair |Poor |Very |Good |Fair |Very

 | | | | | | | poor | | | poor

 | | | | | | | | | |

 Klinesville--------|Very |Poor |Poor |Very |Very |Very |Very |Poor |Very |Very

 | poor | | | poor | poor | poor | poor | | poor | poor

 | | | | | | | | | |

CkC: | | | | | | | | | |

 Calvin-------------|Fair |Good |Good |Fair |Fair |Very |Very |Good |Fair |Very

 | | | | | | poor | poor | | | poor

 | | | | | | | | | |

 Klinesville--------|Very |Poor |Poor |Very |Very |Very |Very |Poor |Very |Very

 | poor | | | poor | poor | poor | poor | | poor | poor

 | | | | | | | | | |
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

497

Table 12.--Wildlife Habitat--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | Potential for habitat elements |Potential as habitat for--

 |________________________________________________________|__________________________

 Map symbol | Grain | | Wild | | | | | | |

 snd soil name | and |Grasses|herba- |Hardwood|Conif- |Wetland|Shallow|Openland|Woodland|Wetland

 | seed | and | ceous | trees | erous |plants | water |wildlife|wildlife|wildlife

 | crops |legumes|plants | |plants | | areas | | |

____________________|_______|_______|_______|________|_______|_______|_______|________|________|________

 | | | | | | | | | |

CkD: | | | | | | | | | |

 Calvin-------------|Poor |Fair |Good |Fair |Fair |Very |Very |Fair |Fair |Very

 | | | | | | poor | poor | | | poor

 | | | | | | | | | |

 Klinesville--------|Very |Poor |Poor |Very |Very |Very |Very |Poor |Very |Very

 | poor | | | poor | poor | poor | poor | | poor | poor

 | | | | | | | | | |

CkE: | | | | | | | | | |

 Calvin-------------|Very |Fair |Good |Fair |Fair |Very |Very |Poor |Fair |Very

 | poor | | | | | poor | poor | | | poor

 | | | | | | | | | |

 Klinesville--------|Very |Poor |Poor |Very |Very |Very |Very |Poor |Very |Very

 | poor | | | poor | poor | poor | poor | | poor | poor

 | | | | | | | | | |

CkF: | | | | | | | | | |

 Calvin-------------|Very |Poor |Good |Fair |Fair |Very |Very |Poor |Fair |Very

 | poor | | | | | poor | poor | | | poor

 | | | | | | | | | |

 Klinesville--------|Very |Poor |Poor |Very |Very |Very |Very |Poor |Very |Very

 | poor | | | poor | poor | poor | poor | | poor | poor

 | | | | | | | | | |

ClC: | | | | | | | | | |

 Caneyville---------|Fair |Good |Good |Good |Good |Very |Very |Good |Good |Very

 | | | | | | poor | poor | | | poor

 | | | | | | | | | |

ClD: | | | | | | | | | |

 Caneyville---------|Poor |Fair |Good |Good |Good |Very |Very |Fair |Good |Very

 | | | | | | poor | poor | | | poor

 | | | | | | | | | |

ClE: | | | | | | | | | |

 Caneyville---------|Very |Fair |Good |Good |Good |Very |Very |Fair |Good |Very

 | poor | | | | | poor | poor | | | poor

 | | | | | | | | | |

CnF: | | | | | | | | | |

 Caneyville---------|Very |Poor |Good |Good |Good |Very |Very |Poor |Good |Very

 | poor | | | | | poor | poor | | | poor

 | | | | | | | | | |

CrB: | | | | | | | | | |

 Clarksburg---------|Fair |Good |Good |Good |Good |Poor |Very |Good |Good |Very

 | | | | | | | poor | | | poor

 | | | | | | | | | |

CrC: | | | | | | | | | |

 Clarksburg---------|Fair |Good |Good |Good |Good |Poor |Very |Good |Good |Very

 | | | | | | | poor | | | poor

 | | | | | | | | | |

CvB: | | | | | | | | | |

 Clearbrook---------|Poor |Fair |Fair |Poor |Poor |Poor |Very |Fair |Poor |Poor

 | | | | | | | poor | | |

 | | | | | | | | | |

 Cavode-------------|Fair |Good |Good |Good |Good |Poor |Very |Good |Good |Very

 | | | | | | | poor | | | poor

 | | | | | | | | | |

Cz: | | | | | | | | | |

 Combs--------------|Good |Good |Good |Good |Good |Poor |Poor |Good |Good |Very

 | | | | | | | | | | poor

 | | | | | | | | | |

DkC: | | | | | | | | | |

 Dekalb-------------|Very |Very |Good |Fair |Fair |Very |Very |Poor |Fair |Very

 | poor | poor | | | | poor | poor | | | poor

 | | | | | | | | | |
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

498

Table 12.--Wildlife Habitat--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | Potential for habitat elements |Potential as habitat for--

 |________________________________________________________|__________________________

 Map symbol | Grain | | Wild | | | | | | |

 snd soil name | and |Grasses|herba- |Hardwood|Conif- |Wetland|Shallow|Openland|Woodland|Wetland

 | seed | and | ceous | trees | erous |plants | water |wildlife|wildlife|wildlife

 | crops |legumes|plants | |plants | | areas | | |

____________________|_______|_______|_______|________|_______|_______|_______|________|________|________

 | | | | | | | | | |

DrE: | | | | | | | | | |

 Dekalb-------------|Very |Very |Good |Poor |Poor |Very |Very |Very |Poor |Very

 | poor | poor | | | | poor | poor | poor | | poor

 | | | | | | | | | |

 Rock outcrop-------|Very |Very |Very |Very |Very |Very |Very |Very |Very |Very

 | poor | poor | poor | poor | poor | poor | poor | poor | poor | poor

 | | | | | | | | | |

DsB: | | | | | | | | | |

 Downsville---------|Good |Good |Good |Good |Good |Poor |Very |Good |Good |Very

 | | | | | | | poor | | | poor

 | | | | | | | | | |

DsC: | | | | | | | | | |

 Downsville---------|Fair |Good |Good |Good |Good |Very |Very |Good |Good |Very

 | | | | | | poor | poor | | | poor

 | | | | | | | | | |

Dz: | | | | | | | | | |

 Dunning------------|Very |Poor |Poor |Poor |Poor |Good |Good |Poor |Poor |Good

 | poor | | | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | | | | |

ErB: | | | | | | | | | |

 Ernest-------------|Good |Good |Good |Good |Good |Poor |Poor |Good |Good |Poor

 | | | | | | | | | |

ErC: | | | | | | | | | |

 Ernest-------------|Good |Good |Good |Good |Good |Poor |Poor |Good |Good |Poor

 | | | | | | | | | |

HaE: | | | | | | | | | |

 Hazleton-----------|Very |Very |Good |Good |Good |Very |Very |Poor |Fair |Very

 | poor | poor | | | | poor | poor | | | poor

 | | | | | | | | | |

 Dekalb-------------|Very |Very |Good |Fair |Fair |Very |Very |Poor |Fair |Very

 | poor | poor | | | | poor | poor | | | poor

 | | | | | | | | | |

HaF: | | | | | | | | | |

 Hazleton-----------|Very |Very |Good |Good |Good |Very |Very |Poor |Fair |Very

 | poor | poor | | | | poor | poor | | | poor

 | | | | | | | | | |

 Dekalb-------------|Very |Very |Good |Fair |Fair |Very |Very |Poor |Fair |Very

 | poor | poor | | | | poor | poor | | | poor

 | | | | | | | | | |

HdF: | | | | | | | | | |

 Hazleton-----------|Very |Very |Fair |Good |Good |Very |Very |Poor |Fair |Very

 | poor | poor | | | | poor | poor | | | poor

 | | | | | | | | | |

 Dekalb-------------|Very |Very |Fair |Fair |Fair |Very |Very |Poor |Fair |Very

 | poor | poor | | | | poor | poor | | | poor

 | | | | | | | | | |

 Rock outcrop-------|Very |Very |Very |Very |Very |Very |Very |Very |Very |Very

 | poor | poor | poor | poor | poor | poor | poor | poor | poor | poor

 | | | | | | | | | |

HeF: | | | | | | | | | |

 Hazleton-----------|Very |Very |Very |Poor |Poor |Very |Very |Very |Poor |Very

 | poor | poor | poor | | | poor | poor | poor | | poor

 | | | | | | | | | |

 Dekalb-------------|Very |Very |Very |Poor |Poor |Very |Very |Very |Poor |Very

 | poor | poor | poor | | | poor | poor | poor | | poor

 | | | | | | | | | |

 Rock outcrop-------|Very |Very |Very |Very |Very |Very |Very |Very |Very |Very

 | poor | poor | poor | poor | poor | poor | poor | poor | poor | poor

 | | | | | | | | | |
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

499

Table 12.--Wildlife Habitat--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | Potential for habitat elements |Potential as habitat for--

 |________________________________________________________|__________________________

 Map symbol | Grain | | Wild | | | | | | |

 snd soil name | and |Grasses|herba- |Hardwood|Conif- |Wetland|Shallow|Openland|Woodland|Wetland

 | seed | and | ceous | trees | erous |plants | water |wildlife|wildlife|wildlife

 | crops |legumes|plants | |plants | | areas | | |

____________________|_______|_______|_______|________|_______|_______|_______|________|________|________

 | | | | | | | | | |

HlF: | | | | | | | | | |

 Hazleton-----------|Very |Very |Good |Good |Good |Very |Very |Poor |Fair |Very

 | poor | poor | | | | poor | poor | | | poor

 | | | | | | | | | |

 Lehew--------------|Very |Poor |Good |Fair |Fair |Very |Very |Poor |Fair |Very

 | poor | | | | | poor | poor | | | poor

 | | | | | | | | | |

 Dekalb-------------|Very |Very |Good |Fair |Fair |Very |Very |Poor |Fair |Very

 | poor | poor | | | | poor | poor | | | poor

 | | | | | | | | | |

Ho: | | | | | | | | | |

 Holly--------------|Fair |Fair |Poor |Fair |Fair |Good |Good |Fair |Fair |Good

 | | | | | | | | | |

HwB: | | | | | | | | | |

 Hustontown---------|Fair |Good |Good |Good |Good |Poor |Very |Good |Good |Very

 | | | | | | | poor | | | poor

 | | | | | | | | | |

Ln: | | | | | | | | | |

 Lindside-----------|Good |Good |Good |Good |Good |Poor |Poor |Good |Good |Poor

 | | | | | | | | | |

LzC: | | | | | | | | | |

 Litz---------------|Poor |Fair |Good |Fair |Fair |Very |Very |Fair |Fair |Very

 | | | | | | poor | poor | | | poor

 | | | | | | | | | |

LzD: | | | | | | | | | |

 Litz---------------|Poor |Fair |Good |Fair |Fair |Very |Very |Fair |Fair |Very

 | | | | | | poor | poor | | | poor

 | | | | | | | | | |

LzE: | | | | | | | | | |

 Litz---------------|Poor |Fair |Good |Fair |Fair |Very |Very |Fair |Fair |Very

 | | | | | | poor | poor | | | poor

 | | | | | | | | | |

LzF: | | | | | | | | | |

 Litz---------------|Poor |Fair |Good |Fair |Fair |Very |Very |Fair |Fair |Very

 | | | | | | poor | poor | | | poor

 | | | | | | | | | |

Me: | | | | | | | | | |

 Melvin-------------|Very |Poor |Poor |Poor |Poor |Good |Good |Poor |Poor |Good

 | poor | | | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | | | | |

MhA: | | | | | | | | | |

 Monongahela--------|Good |Good |Good |Good |Good |Poor |Poor |Good |Good |Poor

 | | | | | | | | | |

MhB: | | | | | | | | | |

 Monongahela--------|Fair |Good |Good |Good |Good |Poor |Very |Good |Good |Very

 | | | | | | | poor | | | poor

 | | | | | | | | | |

MhC: | | | | | | | | | |

 Monongahela--------|Fair |Good |Good |Good |Good |Very |Very |Good |Good |Very

 | | | | | | poor | poor | | | poor

 | | | | | | | | | |

MrC: | | | | | | | | | |

 Murrill------------|Fair |Good |Good |Good |Good |Very |Very |Good |Good |Very

 | | | | | | poor | poor | | | poor

 | | | | | | | | | |

MrD: | | | | | | | | | |

 Murrill------------|Poor |Fair |Good |Good |Good |Very |Very |Fair |Good |Very

 | | | | | | poor | poor | | | poor

 | | | | | | | | | |
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

500

Table 12.--Wildlife Habitat--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | Potential for habitat elements |Potential as habitat for--

 |________________________________________________________|__________________________

 Map symbol | Grain | | Wild | | | | | | |

 snd soil name | and |Grasses|herba- |Hardwood|Conif- |Wetland|Shallow|Openland|Woodland|Wetland

 | seed | and | ceous | trees | erous |plants | water |wildlife|wildlife|wildlife

 | crops |legumes|plants | |plants | | areas | | |

____________________|_______|_______|_______|________|_______|_______|_______|________|________|________

 | | | | | | | | | |

MsC: | | | | | | | | | |

 Murrill------------|Very |Poor |Good |Good |Good |Very |Very |Poor |Good |Very

 | poor | | | | | poor | poor | | | poor

 | | | | | | | | | |

MsE: | | | | | | | | | |

 Murrill------------|Very |Poor |Good |Good |Good |Very |Very |Poor |Good |Very

 | poor | | | | | poor | poor | | | poor

 | | | | | | | | | |

Pg: | | | | | | | | | |

 Philo--------------|Good |Good |Good |Good |Good |Poor |Poor |Good |Good |Poor

 | | | | | | | | | |

Ph: | | | | | | | | | |

 Philo--------------|Good |Good |Good |Good |Good |Poor |Poor |Good |Good |Poor

 | | | | | | | | | |

Ps: | | | | | | | | | |

 Pope---------------|Good |Good |Good |Good |Good |Poor |Very |Good |Good |Very

 | | | | | | | poor | | | poor

 | | | | | | | | | |

Px: | | | | | | | | | |

 Pope---------------|Good |Good |Good |Good |Good |Poor |Very |Good |Good |Very

 | | | | | | | poor | | | poor

 | | | | | | | | | |

Pz: | | | | | | | | | |

 Pope---------------|Good |Good |Good |Good |Good |Poor |Very |Good |Good |Very

 | | | | | | | poor | | | poor

 | | | | | | | | | |

 Philo--------------|Good |Good |Good |Good |Good |Poor |Poor |Good |Good |Poor

 | | | | | | | | | |

Qm: | | | | | | | | | |

 Quarry, limestone--|Very |Very |Very |Very |Very |Very |Very |Very |Very |Very

 | poor | poor | poor | poor | poor | poor | poor | poor | poor | poor

 | | | | | | | | | |

Qo: | | | | | | | | | |

 Quarry, sandstone--|Very |Very |Very |Very |Very |Very |Very |Very |Very |Very

 | poor | poor | poor | poor | poor | poor | poor | poor | poor | poor

 | | | | | | | | | |

Qs: | | | | | | | | | |

 Quarry, shale------|Very |Very |Very |Very |Very |Very |Very |Very |Very |Very

 | poor | poor | poor | poor | poor | poor | poor | poor | poor | poor

 | | | | | | | | | |

ReG: | | | | | | | | | |

 Rock outcrop-------|Very |Very |Very |Very |Very |Very |Very |Very |Very |Very

 | poor | poor | poor | poor | poor | poor | poor | poor | poor | poor

 | | | | | | | | | |

 Opequon------------|Very |Poor |Fair |Poor |Poor |Very |Very |Poor |Poor |Very

 | poor | | | | | poor | poor | | | poor

 | | | | | | | | | |

RgG: | | | | | | | | | |

 Rock outcrop-------|Very |Very |Very |Very |Very |Very |Very |Very |Very |Very

 | poor | poor | poor | poor | poor | poor | poor | poor | poor | poor

 | | | | | | | | | |

 Rough--------------|Very |Very |Poor |Very |Very |Very |Very |Very |Very |Very

 | poor | poor | | poor | poor | poor | poor | poor | poor | poor

 | | | | | | | | | |

RuD: | | | | | | | | | |

 Rushtown-----------|Poor |Fair |Fair |Poor |Poor |Very |Very |Fair |Poor |Very

 | | | | | | poor | poor | | | poor

 | | | | | | | | | |

RuF: | | | | | | | | | |

 Rushtown-----------|Poor |Fair |Fair |Poor |Poor |Very |Very |Fair |Poor |Very

 | | | | | | poor | poor | | | poor

 | | | | | | | | | |
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

501

Table 12.--Wildlife Habitat--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | Potential for habitat elements |Potential as habitat for--

 |________________________________________________________|__________________________

 Map symbol | Grain | | Wild | | | | | | |

 snd soil name | and |Grasses|herba- |Hardwood|Conif- |Wetland|Shallow|Openland|Woodland|Wetland

 | seed | and | ceous | trees | erous |plants | water |wildlife|wildlife|wildlife

 | crops |legumes|plants | |plants | | areas | | |

____________________|_______|_______|_______|________|_______|_______|_______|________|________|________

 | | | | | | | | | |

ShC: | | | | | | | | | |

 Schaffenaker-------|Very |Poor |Poor |Very |Very |Very |Very |Poor |Very |Very

 | poor | | | poor | poor | poor | poor | | poor | poor

 | | | | | | | | | |

SkF: | | | | | | | | | |

 Schaffenaker-------|Very |Poor |Poor |Very |Very |Very |Very |Poor |Very |Very

 | poor | | | poor | poor | poor | poor | | poor | poor

 | | | | | | | | | |

 Rock outcrop-------|Very |Very |Very |Very |Very |Very |Very |Very |Very |Very

 | poor | poor | poor | poor | poor | poor | poor | poor | poor | poor

 | | | | | | | | | |

SnE: | | | | | | | | | |

 Schaffenaker-------|Very |Poor |Poor |Very |Very |Very |Very |Poor |Very |Very

 | poor | | | poor | poor | poor | poor | | poor | poor

 | | | | | | | | | |

 Vanderlip----------|Very |Poor |Poor |Fair |Fair |Very |Very |Poor |Fair |Very

 | poor | | | | | poor | poor | | | poor

 | | | | | | | | | |

SnF: | | | | | | | | | |

 Schaffenaker-------|Very |Poor |Poor |Very |Very |Very |Very |Poor |Very |Very

 | poor | | | poor | poor | poor | poor | | poor | poor

 | | | | | | | | | |

 Vanderlip----------|Very |Poor |Poor |Fair |Fair |Very |Very |Poor |Fair |Very

 | poor | | | | | poor | poor | | | poor

 | | | | | | | | | |

SxC: | | | | | | | | | |

 Sideling-----------|Very |Poor |Good |Good |Good |Very |Very |Fair |Good |Very

 | poor | | | | | poor | poor | | | poor

 | | | | | | | | | |

SxE: | | | | | | | | | |

 Sideling-----------|Very |Poor |Good |Good |Good |Very |Very |Fair |Good |Very

 | poor | | | | | poor | poor | | | poor

 | | | | | | | | | |

SyE: | | | | | | | | | |

 Sideling-----------|Very |Poor |Poor |Good |Good |Very |Very |Poor |Good |Very

 | poor | | | | | poor | poor | | | poor

 | | | | | | | | | |

Ta: | | | | | | | | | |

 Tioga--------------|Good |Good |Good |Good |Good |Poor |Very |Good |Good |Very

 | | | | | | | poor | | | poor

 | | | | | | | | | |

TyA: | | | | | | | | | |

 Tygart-------------|Fair |Good |Good |Good |Good |Poor |Very |Good |Good |Very

 | | | | | | | poor | | | poor

 | | | | | | | | | |

Ua: | | | | | | | | | |

 Udorthents. | | | | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | | | | |

Uu: | | | | | | | | | |

 Urban land. | | | | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | | | | |

 Udorthents. | | | | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | | | | |

WaB: | | | | | | | | | |

 Weikert------------|Very |Poor |Poor |Very |Very |Very |Very |Poor |Very |Very

 | poor | | | poor | poor | poor | poor | | poor | poor

 | | | | | | | | | |

WaC: | | | | | | | | | |

 Weikert------------|Very |Poor |Poor |Very |Very |Very |Very |Poor |Very |Very

 | poor | | | poor | poor | poor | poor | | poor | poor

 | | | | | | | | | |
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

502

Table 12.--Wildlife Habitat--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | Potential for habitat elements |Potential as habitat for--

 |________________________________________________________|__________________________

 Map symbol | Grain | | Wild | | | | | | |

 snd soil name | and |Grasses|herba- |Hardwood|Conif- |Wetland|Shallow|Openland|Woodland|Wetland

 | seed | and | ceous | trees | erous |plants | water |wildlife|wildlife|wildlife

 | crops |legumes|plants | |plants | | areas | | |

____________________|_______|_______|_______|________|_______|_______|_______|________|________|________

 | | | | | | | | | |

WbC: | | | | | | | | | |

 Weikert------------|Very |Poor |Poor |Very |Very |Very |Very |Poor |Very |Very

 | poor | | | poor | poor | poor | poor | | poor | poor

 | | | | | | | | | |

 Berks--------------|Poor |Fair |Fair |Poor |Poor |Very |Very |Fair |Poor |Very

 | | | | | | poor | poor | | | poor

 | | | | | | | | | |

WbD: | | | | | | | | | |

 Weikert------------|Very |Poor |Poor |Very |Very |Very |Very |Poor |Very |Very

 | poor | | | poor | poor | poor | poor | | poor | poor

 | | | | | | | | | |

 Berks--------------|Poor |Fair |Fair |Poor |Poor |Very |Very |Fair |Poor |Very

 | | | | | | poor | poor | | | poor

 | | | | | | | | | |

WkF: | | | | | | | | | |

 Weikert------------|Very |Poor |Poor |Very |Very |Very |Very |Poor |Very |Very

 | poor | | | poor | poor | poor | poor | | poor | poor

 | | | | | | | | | |

 Berks--------------|Very |Poor |Fair |Poor |Poor |Very |Very |Poor |Poor |Very

 | poor | | | | | poor | poor | | | poor

____________________|_______|_______|_______|________|_______|_______|_______|________|________|________
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

503

Table 13a.--Building Site Development (Part 1)

(The information in this table indicates the dominant soil condition but does not eliminate the need

 for onsite investigation. The numbers in the value columns range from 0.01 to 1.00. The larger

 the value, the greater the limitation. See text for further explanation of ratings in this table.)

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 |Pct.| Dwellings without | Dwellings with | Small commercial

 Map symbol | of | basements | basements | buildings

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and | | Rating class and | | Rating class and |

 | | limiting features |Value| limiting features |Value| limiting features |Value

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

AgB: | | | | | | |

 Allegheny-----------| 80 |Not limited | |Not limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | | | | | Slope |0.50

 | | | | | | |

AgC: | | | | | | |

 Allegheny-----------| 80 |Not limited | |Not limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | | | | | Slope |0.50

 | | | | | | |

AnB: | | | | | | |

 Andover-------------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | | | | | |

Ba: | | | | | | |

 Basher--------------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00

 | | Depth to |0.67 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |0.67

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | | | | | |

BbC: | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 80 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |0.04 | Depth to soft |0.90 | Slope |1.00

 | | | | bedrock | | |

 | | | | Slope |0.04 | |

 | | | | | | |

BbE: | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | | | Depth to soft |0.90 | |

 | | | | bedrock | | |

 | | | | | | |

BcD: | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 45 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | | | Depth to soft |0.95 | |

 | | | | bedrock | | |

 | | | | | | |

 Calvin--------------| 40 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | | | Depth to soft |0.79 | |

 | | | | bedrock | | |

 | | | | | | |

BcE: | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 50 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | | | Depth to soft |0.95 | |

 | | | | bedrock | | |

 | | | | | | |

 Calvin--------------| 40 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | | | Depth to soft |0.79 | |

 | | | | bedrock | | |

 | | | | | | |
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

504

Table 13a.--Building Site Development (Part 1)--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 |Pct.| Dwellings without | Dwellings with | Small commercial

 Map symbol | of | basements | basements | buildings

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and | | Rating class and | | Rating class and |

 | | limiting features |Value| limiting features |Value| limiting features |Value

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

BcF: | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 50 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | | | Depth to soft |0.95 | |

 | | | | bedrock | | |

 | | | | | | |

 Calvin--------------| 40 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | | | Depth to soft |0.79 | |

 | | | | bedrock | | |

 | | | | | | |

BeB: | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 50 |Not limited | |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | | | Depth to soft |0.84 | Slope |0.50

 | | | | bedrock | | |

 | | | | | | |

 Clearbrook----------| 45 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | Shrink-swell |0.50 | Depth to soft |0.97 | Slope |0.50

 | | Content of large |0.02 | bedrock | | Shrink-swell |0.50

 | | stones | | Shrink-swell |0.50 | Content of large |0.02

 | | | | Content of large |0.02 | stones |

 | | | | stones | | |

 | | | | | | |

BeC: | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 55 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |0.63 | Depth to soft |0.84 | Slope |1.00

 | | | | bedrock | | |

 | | | | Slope |0.63 | |

 | | | | | | |

 Clearbrook----------| 40 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | Depth to |1.00

 | | Slope |0.63 | Depth to soft |0.97 | saturated zone |

 | | Shrink-swell |0.50 | bedrock | | Shrink-swell |0.50

 | | Content of large |0.02 | Slope |0.63 | Content of large |0.02

 | | stones | | Shrink-swell |0.50 | stones |

 | | | | Content of large |0.02 | |

 | | | | stones | | |

 | | | | | | |

BkB: | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 45 |Not limited | |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | | | Depth to soft |0.84 | Slope |0.50

 | | | | bedrock | | |

 | | | | | | |

 Weikert-------------| 40 |Somewhat limited | |Very limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Depth to soft |1.00 | Depth to soft |1.00 | Depth to soft |1.00

 | | bedrock | | bedrock | | bedrock |

 | | | | | | Slope |0.50

 | | | | | | |

BqF: | | | | | | |

 Blackthorn----------| 80 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | | | | | |

BrB: | | | | | | |

 Brinkerton----------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | Shrink-swell |0.50 | Shrink-swell |0.50 | Slope |0.50

 | | | | | | Shrink-swell |0.50

 | | | | | | |
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

505

Table 13a.--Building Site Development (Part 1)--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 |Pct.| Dwellings without | Dwellings with | Small commercial

 Map symbol | of | basements | basements | buildings

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and | | Rating class and | | Rating class and |

 | | limiting features |Value| limiting features |Value| limiting features |Value

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

BuB: | | | | | | |

 Buchanan------------| 85 |Somewhat limited | |Very limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Depth to |0.39 | Depth to |1.00 | Slope |0.50

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | Depth to |0.39

 | | | | | | saturated zone |

 | | | | | | |

BuC: | | | | | | |

 Buchanan------------| 85 |Somewhat limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |0.63 | Depth to |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Depth to |0.39 | saturated zone | | Depth to |0.39

 | | saturated zone | | Slope |0.63 | saturated zone |

 | | | | | | |

BxC: | | | | | | |

 Buchanan------------| 85 |Somewhat limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to |0.39 | Depth to |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | Depth to |0.39

 | | Slope |0.04 | Slope |0.04 | saturated zone |

 | | | | | | |

BxE: | | | | | | |

 Buchanan------------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Depth to |0.39 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |0.39

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | | | | | |

CbB: | | | | | | |

 Calvin--------------| 55 |Not limited | |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | | | Depth to soft |0.79 | Slope |0.50

 | | | | bedrock | | |

 | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 35 |Not limited | |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | | | Depth to soft |0.95 | Slope |0.50

 | | | | bedrock | | |

 | | | | | | |

CbC: | | | | | | |

 Calvin--------------| 50 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |0.63 | Depth to soft |0.79 | Slope |1.00

 | | | | bedrock | | |

 | | | | Slope |0.63 | |

 | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 35 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |0.63 | Depth to soft |0.95 | Slope |1.00

 | | | | bedrock | | |

 | | | | Slope |0.63 | |

 | | | | | | |

CkB: | | | | | | |

 Calvin--------------| 65 |Not limited | |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | | | Depth to soft |0.79 | Slope |0.50

 | | | | bedrock | | |

 | | | | | | |

 Klinesville---------| 30 |Somewhat limited | |Very limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Depth to soft |1.00 | Depth to soft |1.00 | Depth to soft |1.00

 | | bedrock | | bedrock | | bedrock |

 | | | | | | Slope |0.50

 | | | | | | |

CkC: | | | | | | |

 Calvin--------------| 65 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |0.63 | Depth to soft |0.79 | Slope |1.00

 | | | | bedrock | | |

 | | | | Slope |0.63 | |

 | | | | | | |
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

506

Table 13a.--Building Site Development (Part 1)--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 |Pct.| Dwellings without | Dwellings with | Small commercial

 Map symbol | of | basements | basements | buildings

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and | | Rating class and | | Rating class and |

 | | limiting features |Value| limiting features |Value| limiting features |Value

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

CkC: | | | | | | |

 Klinesville---------| 30 |Somewhat limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to soft |1.00 | Depth to soft |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | bedrock | | bedrock | | Depth to soft |1.00

 | | Slope |0.63 | Slope |0.63 | bedrock |

 | | | | | | |

CkD: | | | | | | |

 Calvin--------------| 65 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | | | Depth to soft |0.79 | |

 | | | | bedrock | | |

 | | | | | | |

 Klinesville---------| 30 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Depth to soft |1.00 | Depth to soft |1.00 | Depth to soft |1.00

 | | bedrock | | bedrock | | bedrock |

 | | | | | | |

CkE: | | | | | | |

 Calvin--------------| 60 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | | | Depth to soft |0.79 | |

 | | | | bedrock | | |

 | | | | | | |

 Klinesville---------| 30 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Depth to soft |1.00 | Depth to soft |1.00 | Depth to soft |1.00

 | | bedrock | | bedrock | | bedrock |

 | | | | | | |

CkF: | | | | | | |

 Calvin--------------| 45 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | | | Depth to soft |0.79 | |

 | | | | bedrock | | |

 | | | | | | |

 Klinesville---------| 30 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Depth to soft |1.00 | Depth to soft |1.00 | Depth to soft |1.00

 | | bedrock | | bedrock | | bedrock |

 | | | | | | |

ClC: | | | | | | |

 Caneyville----------| 90 |Somewhat limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to hard |0.90 | Depth to hard |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | bedrock | | bedrock | | Depth to hard |0.90

 | | Slope |0.63 | Slope |0.63 | bedrock |

 | | Shrink-swell |0.50 | Shrink-swell |0.50 | Shrink-swell |0.50

 | | | | | | |

ClD: | | | | | | |

 Caneyville----------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Depth to hard |0.90 | Depth to hard |1.00 | Depth to hard |0.90

 | | bedrock | | bedrock | | bedrock |

 | | Shrink-swell |0.50 | Shrink-swell |0.50 | Shrink-swell |0.50

 | | | | | | |

ClE: | | | | | | |

 Caneyville----------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Depth to hard |0.90 | Depth to hard |1.00 | Depth to hard |0.90

 | | bedrock | | bedrock | | bedrock |

 | | Shrink-swell |0.50 | Shrink-swell |0.50 | Shrink-swell |0.50

 | | | | | | |
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

507

Table 13a.--Building Site Development (Part 1)--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 |Pct.| Dwellings without | Dwellings with | Small commercial

 Map symbol | of | basements | basements | buildings

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and | | Rating class and | | Rating class and |

 | | limiting features |Value| limiting features |Value| limiting features |Value

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

CnF: | | | | | | |

 Caneyville----------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Depth to hard |0.90 | Depth to hard |1.00 | Depth to hard |0.90

 | | bedrock | | bedrock | | bedrock |

 | | Shrink-swell |0.50 | Shrink-swell |0.50 | Shrink-swell |0.50

 | | | | | | |

CrB: | | | | | | |

 Clarksburg----------| 80 |Somewhat limited | |Very limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Depth to |0.67 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |0.67

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | Shrink-swell |0.50 | Shrink-swell |0.50 | Slope |0.50

 | | | | | | Shrink-swell |0.50

 | | | | | | |

CrC: | | | | | | |

 Clarksburg----------| 80 |Somewhat limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to |0.67 | Depth to |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | Depth to |0.67

 | | Slope |0.63 | Slope |0.63 | saturated zone |

 | | Shrink-swell |0.50 | Shrink-swell |0.50 | Shrink-swell |0.50

 | | | | | | |

CvB: | | | | | | |

 Clearbrook----------| 50 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | Shrink-swell |0.50 | Depth to soft |0.97 | Shrink-swell |0.50

 | | | | bedrock | | |

 | | | | Shrink-swell |0.50 | |

 | | | | | | |

 Cavode--------------| 35 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | Shrink-swell |0.50 | Shrink-swell |0.50 | Shrink-swell |0.50

 | | | | | | |

Cz: | | | | | | |

 Combs---------------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00

 | | | | Depth to |0.35 | |

 | | | | saturated zone | | |

 | | | | | | |

DkC: | | | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 85 |Somewhat limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to hard |0.90 | Depth to hard |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | bedrock | | bedrock | | Depth to hard |0.90

 | | Slope |0.04 | Slope |0.04 | bedrock |

 | | Content of large |0.02 | Content of large |0.02 | Content of large |0.02

 | | stones | | stones | | stones |

 | | | | | | |

DrE: | | | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 70 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Depth to hard |0.90 | Depth to hard |1.00 | Depth to hard |0.90

 | | bedrock | | bedrock | | bedrock |

 | | Content of large |0.01 | Content of large |0.01 | Content of large |0.01

 | | stones | | stones | | stones |

 | | | | | | |

 Rock outcrop--------| 15 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | |

DsB: | | | | | | |

 Downsville----------| 85 |Not limited | |Not limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | | | | | Slope |0.50

 | | | | | | |
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

508

Table 13a.--Building Site Development (Part 1)--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 |Pct.| Dwellings without | Dwellings with | Small commercial

 Map symbol | of | basements | basements | buildings

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and | | Rating class and | | Rating class and |

 | | limiting features |Value| limiting features |Value| limiting features |Value

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

DsC: | | | | | | |

 Downsville----------| 80 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |0.63 | Slope |0.63 | Slope |1.00

 | | | | | | |

Dz: | | | | | | |

 Dunning-------------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Ponding |1.00 | Ponding |1.00 | Ponding |1.00

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | Shrink-swell |0.50 | Shrink-swell |0.50 | Shrink-swell |0.50

 | | | | | | |

ErB: | | | | | | |

 Ernest--------------| 85 |Somewhat limited | |Very limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Depth to |0.98 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |0.98

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | Shrink-swell |0.50 | Shrink-swell |0.50 | Slope |0.50

 | | | | | | Shrink-swell |0.50

 | | | | | | |

ErC: | | | | | | |

 Ernest--------------| 80 |Somewhat limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to |0.98 | Depth to |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | Depth to |0.98

 | | Slope |0.63 | Slope |0.63 | saturated zone |

 | | Shrink-swell |0.50 | Shrink-swell |0.50 | Shrink-swell |0.50

 | | | | | | |

HaE: | | | | | | |

 Hazleton------------| 45 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Content of large |0.05 | Content of large |0.05 | Content of large |0.05

 | | stones | | stones | | stones |

 | | | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 40 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Depth to hard |0.90 | Depth to hard |1.00 | Depth to hard |0.90

 | | bedrock | | bedrock | | bedrock |

 | | Content of large |0.02 | Content of large |0.02 | Content of large |0.02

 | | stones | | stones | | stones |

 | | | | | | |

HaF: | | | | | | |

 Hazleton------------| 55 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Content of large |0.05 | Content of large |0.05 | Content of large |0.05

 | | stones | | stones | | stones |

 | | | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 25 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Depth to hard |0.90 | Depth to hard |1.00 | Depth to hard |0.90

 | | bedrock | | bedrock | | bedrock |

 | | Content of large |0.02 | Content of large |0.02 | Content of large |0.02

 | | stones | | stones | | stones |

 | | | | | | |

HdF: | | | | | | |

 Hazleton------------| 55 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Content of large |0.10 | Content of large |0.10 | Content of large |0.10

 | | stones | | stones | | stones |

 | | | | | | |
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

509

Table 13a.--Building Site Development (Part 1)--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 |Pct.| Dwellings without | Dwellings with | Small commercial

 Map symbol | of | basements | basements | buildings

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and | | Rating class and | | Rating class and |

 | | limiting features |Value| limiting features |Value| limiting features |Value

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

HdF: | | | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 25 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Depth to hard |0.90 | Depth to hard |1.00 | Depth to hard |0.90

 | | bedrock | | bedrock | | bedrock |

 | | Content of large |0.03 | Content of large |0.03 | Content of large |0.03

 | | stones | | stones | | stones |

 | | | | | | |

 Rock outcrop--------| 15 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | |

HeF: | | | | | | |

 Hazleton------------| 55 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Content of large |0.17 | Content of large |0.17 | Content of large |0.17

 | | stones | | stones | | stones |

 | | | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 25 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Depth to hard |0.90 | Depth to hard |1.00 | Depth to hard |0.90

 | | bedrock | | bedrock | | bedrock |

 | | Content of large |0.08 | Content of large |0.08 | Content of large |0.08

 | | stones | | stones | | stones |

 | | | | | | |

 Rock outcrop--------| 15 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | |

HlF: | | | | | | |

 Hazleton------------| 50 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Content of large |0.05 | Content of large |0.05 | Content of large |0.05

 | | stones | | stones | | stones |

 | | | | | | |

 Lehew---------------| 20 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Depth to hard |0.08 | Depth to hard |1.00 | Depth to hard |0.08

 | | bedrock | | bedrock | | bedrock |

 | | | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 15 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Depth to hard |0.90 | Depth to hard |1.00 | Depth to hard |0.90

 | | bedrock | | bedrock | | bedrock |

 | | Content of large |0.02 | Content of large |0.02 | Content of large |0.02

 | | stones | | stones | | stones |

 | | | | | | |

Ho: | | | | | | |

 Holly---------------| 80 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Ponding |1.00 | Ponding |1.00 | Ponding |1.00

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | | | | | |

HwB: | | | | | | |

 Hustontown----------| 85 |Somewhat limited | |Very limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Depth to |0.98 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |0.98

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | | | | | Slope |0.50

 | | | | | | |

Ln: | | | | | | |

 Lindside------------| 80 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00

 | | Depth to |0.07 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |0.07

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | | | | | |
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

510

Table 13a.--Building Site Development (Part 1)--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 |Pct.| Dwellings without | Dwellings with | Small commercial

 Map symbol | of | basements | basements | buildings

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and | | Rating class and | | Rating class and |

 | | limiting features |Value| limiting features |Value| limiting features |Value

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

LzC: | | | | | | |

 Litz----------------| 90 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |0.50 | Slope |0.50 | Slope |1.00

 | | | | Depth to soft |0.35 | |

 | | | | bedrock | | |

 | | | | | | |

LzD: | | | | | | |

 Litz----------------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | | | Depth to soft |0.35 | |

 | | | | bedrock | | |

 | | | | | | |

LzE: | | | | | | |

 Litz----------------| 80 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | | | Depth to soft |0.35 | |

 | | | | bedrock | | |

 | | | | | | |

LzF: | | | | | | |

 Litz----------------| 80 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | | | Depth to soft |0.35 | |

 | | | | bedrock | | |

 | | | | | | |

Me: | | | | | | |

 Melvin--------------| 90 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Ponding |1.00 | Ponding |1.00 | Ponding |1.00

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | | | | | |

MhA: | | | | | | |

 Monongahela---------| 80 |Somewhat limited | |Very limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Depth to |0.81 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |0.81

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | | | | | |

MhB: | | | | | | |

 Monongahela---------| 85 |Somewhat limited | |Very limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Depth to |0.81 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |0.81

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | | | | | Slope |0.50

 | | | | | | |

MhC: | | | | | | |

 Monongahela---------| 80 |Somewhat limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to |0.81 | Depth to |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | Depth to |0.81

 | | Slope |0.63 | Slope |0.63 | saturated zone |

 | | | | | | |

MrC: | | | | | | |

 Murrill-------------| 90 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |0.63 | Slope |0.63 | Slope |1.00

 | | | | | | |

MrD: | | | | | | |

 Murrill-------------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | | | | | |

MsC: | | | | | | |

 Murrill-------------| 85 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |0.04 | Slope |0.04 | Slope |1.00

 | | | | | | |
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

511

Table 13a.--Building Site Development (Part 1)--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 |Pct.| Dwellings without | Dwellings with | Small commercial

 Map symbol | of | basements | basements | buildings

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and | | Rating class and | | Rating class and |

 | | limiting features |Value| limiting features |Value| limiting features |Value

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

MsE: | | | | | | |

 Murrill-------------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | | | | | |

Pg: | | | | | | |

 Philo---------------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00

 | | Depth to |0.07 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |0.07

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | | | | | |

Ph: | | | | | | |

 Philo---------------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00

 | | Depth to |0.07 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |0.07

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | | | | | |

Ps: | | | | | | |

 Pope----------------| 90 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00

 | | | | Depth to |0.35 | |

 | | | | saturated zone | | |

 | | | | | | |

Px: | | | | | | |

 Pope----------------| 90 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00

 | | | | Depth to |0.35 | |

 | | | | saturated zone | | |

 | | | | | | |

Pz: | | | | | | |

 Pope----------------| 50 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00

 | | | | Depth to |0.61 | |

 | | | | saturated zone | | |

 | | | | | | |

 Philo---------------| 30 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00

 | | Depth to |0.39 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |0.39

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | | | | | |

Qm: | | | | | | |

 Quarry, limestone---| 97 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | |

Qo: | | | | | | |

 Quarry, sandstone---| 95 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | |

Qs: | | | | | | |

 Quarry, shale-------| 96 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | |

ReG: | | | | | | |

 Rock outcrop--------| 50 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | |

 Opequon-------------| 40 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Depth to hard |1.00 | Shrink-swell |1.00 | Depth to hard |1.00

 | | bedrock | | Depth to hard |1.00 | bedrock |

 | | Shrink-swell |1.00 | bedrock | | Shrink-swell |1.00

 | | | | | | |

RgG: | | | | | | |

 Rock outcrop--------| 50 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | |
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

512

Table 13a.--Building Site Development (Part 1)--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 |Pct.| Dwellings without | Dwellings with | Small commercial

 Map symbol | of | basements | basements | buildings

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and | | Rating class and | | Rating class and |

 | | limiting features |Value| limiting features |Value| limiting features |Value

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

RgG: | | | | | | |

 Rough---------------| 45 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Depth to soft |1.00 | Depth to soft |1.00 | Depth to soft |1.00

 | | bedrock | | bedrock | | bedrock |

 | | | | | | |

RuD: | | | | | | |

 Rushtown------------| 90 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | | | | | |

RuF: | | | | | | |

 Rushtown------------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | | | | | |

ShC: | | | | | | |

 Schaffenaker--------| 80 |Somewhat limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to hard |0.90 | Depth to hard |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | bedrock | | bedrock | | Depth to hard |0.90

 | | Slope |0.04 | Slope |0.04 | bedrock |

 | | | | | | |

SkF: | | | | | | |

 Schaffenaker--------| 45 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Depth to hard |0.90 | Depth to hard |1.00 | Depth to hard |0.90

 | | bedrock | | bedrock | | bedrock |

 | | | | | | |

 Rock outcrop--------| 40 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | |

SnE: | | | | | | |

 Schaffenaker--------| 45 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Depth to hard |0.90 | Depth to hard |1.00 | Depth to hard |0.90

 | | bedrock | | bedrock | | bedrock |

 | | | | | | |

 Vanderlip-----------| 40 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | | | | | |

SnF: | | | | | | |

 Schaffenaker--------| 40 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Depth to hard |0.90 | Depth to hard |1.00 | Depth to hard |0.90

 | | bedrock | | bedrock | | bedrock |

 | | | | | | |

 Vanderlip-----------| 40 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | | | | | |

SxC: | | | | | | |

 Sideling------------| 85 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |0.04 | Depth to |0.97 | Slope |1.00

 | | | | saturated zone | | |

 | | | | Slope |0.04 | |

 | | | | | | |

SxE: | | | | | | |

 Sideling------------| 80 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | | | Depth to |0.97 | |

 | | | | saturated zone | | |

 | | | | | | |
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

513

Table 13a.--Building Site Development (Part 1)--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 |Pct.| Dwellings without | Dwellings with | Small commercial

 Map symbol | of | basements | basements | buildings

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and | | Rating class and | | Rating class and |

 | | limiting features |Value| limiting features |Value| limiting features |Value

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

SyE: | | | | | | |

 Sideling------------| 80 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | | | Depth to |0.97 | |

 | | | | saturated zone | | |

 | | | | | | |

Ta: | | | | | | |

 Tioga---------------| 90 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00

 | | | | Depth to |0.35 | |

 | | | | saturated zone | | |

 | | | | | | |

TyA: | | | | | | |

 Tygart--------------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | Shrink-swell |0.50 | Shrink-swell |0.50 | Shrink-swell |0.50

 | | | | | | |

Ua: | | | | | | |

 Udorthents----------| 95 |Not limited | |Not limited | |Not limited |

 | | | | | | |

Uu: | | | | | | |

 Urban land----------| 45 |Not limited | |Not limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | | | | | Slope |0.12

 | | | | | | |

 Udorthents----------| 45 |Not limited | |Not limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | | | | | Slope |0.12

 | | | | | | |

WaB: | | | | | | |

 Weikert-------------| 85 |Somewhat limited | |Very limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Depth to soft |1.00 | Depth to soft |1.00 | Depth to soft |1.00

 | | bedrock | | bedrock | | bedrock |

 | | | | | | Slope |0.50

 | | | | | | |

WaC: | | | | | | |

 Weikert-------------| 85 |Somewhat limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to soft |1.00 | Depth to soft |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | bedrock | | bedrock | | Depth to soft |1.00

 | | Slope |0.63 | Slope |0.63 | bedrock |

 | | | | | | |

WbC: | | | | | | |

 Weikert-------------| 45 |Somewhat limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to soft |1.00 | Depth to soft |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | bedrock | | bedrock | | Depth to soft |1.00

 | | Slope |0.63 | Slope |0.63 | bedrock |

 | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 40 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |0.63 | Depth to soft |0.84 | Slope |1.00

 | | | | bedrock | | |

 | | | | Slope |0.63 | |

 | | | | | | |

WbD: | | | | | | |

 Weikert-------------| 50 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Depth to soft |1.00 | Depth to soft |1.00 | Depth to soft |1.00

 | | bedrock | | bedrock | | bedrock |

 | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 35 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | | | Depth to soft |0.95 | |

 | | | | bedrock | | |

 | | | | | | |
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

514

Table 13a.--Building Site Development (Part 1)--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 |Pct.| Dwellings without | Dwellings with | Small commercial

 Map symbol | of | basements | basements | buildings

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and | | Rating class and | | Rating class and |

 | | limiting features |Value| limiting features |Value| limiting features |Value

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

WkF: | | | | | | |

 Weikert-------------| 50 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Depth to soft |1.00 | Depth to soft |1.00 | Depth to soft |1.00

 | | bedrock | | bedrock | | bedrock |

 | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 35 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | | | Depth to soft |0.84 | |

 | | | | bedrock | | |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

515

Table 13b.--Building Site Development (Part 2)

(The information in this table indicates the dominant soil condition but does not eliminate the need

 for onsite investigation. The numbers in the value columns range from 0.01 to 1.00. The larger

 the value, the greater the limitation. See text for further explanation of ratings in this table.)

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 |Pct.| Local roads and streets | Shallow excavations | Lawns and landscaping

 Map symbol | of |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 and soil name |map | Rating class and | | Rating class and | | Rating class and |

 |unit| limiting features |Value| limiting features |Value| limiting features |Value

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

AgB: | | | | | | |

 Allegheny-----------| 80 |Somewhat limited | |Very limited | |Not limited |

 | | Frost action |0.50 | Cutbanks cave |1.00 | |

 | | | | | | |

AgC: | | | | | | |

 Allegheny-----------| 80 |Somewhat limited | |Very limited | |Not limited |

 | | Frost action |0.50 | Cutbanks cave |1.00 | |

 | | | | | | |

AnB: | | | | | | |

 Andover-------------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | Frost action |1.00 | Cutbanks cave |1.00 | Gravel content |0.05

 | | | | | | Droughty |0.02

 | | | | | | |

Ba: | | | | | | |

 Basher--------------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Frost action |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Flooding |0.60

 | | Flooding |1.00 | saturated zone | | Depth to |0.35

 | | Depth to |0.35 | Cutbanks cave |1.00 | saturated zone |

 | | saturated zone | | Flooding |0.60 | |

 | | | | | | |

BbC: | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 80 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Slope |0.04 | Depth to soft |0.90 | Droughty |0.91

 | | | | bedrock | | Depth to bedrock |0.90

 | | | | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | Content of large |0.84

 | | | | Slope |0.04 | stones |

 | | | | | | Gravel content |0.78

 | | | | | | Slope |0.04

 | | | | | | |

BbE: | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | | | Depth to soft |0.90 | Droughty |0.91

 | | | | bedrock | | Depth to bedrock |0.90

 | | | | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | Content of large |0.84

 | | | | | | stones |

 | | | | | | Gravel content |0.78

 | | | | | | |

BcD: | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 45 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | | | Depth to soft |0.95 | Droughty |1.00

 | | | | bedrock | | Depth to bedrock |0.95

 | | | | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | Gravel content |0.39

 | | | | | | Content of large |0.32

 | | | | | | stones |

 | | | | | | |

 Calvin--------------| 40 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Frost action |0.50 | Depth to soft |0.79 | Depth to bedrock |0.80

 | | | | bedrock | | Droughty |0.57

 | | | | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | Content of large |0.03

 | | | | | | stones |

 | | | | | | |
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

516

Table 13b.--Building Site Development (Part 2)--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 |Pct.| Local roads and streets | Shallow excavations | Lawns and landscaping

 Map symbol | of |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 and soil name |map | Rating class and | | Rating class and | | Rating class and |

 |unit| limiting features |Value| limiting features |Value| limiting features |Value

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

BcE: | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 50 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | | | Depth to soft |0.95 | Droughty |1.00

 | | | | bedrock | | Depth to bedrock |0.95

 | | | | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | Gravel content |0.39

 | | | | | | Content of large |0.32

 | | | | | | stones |

 | | | | | | |

 Calvin--------------| 40 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Frost action |0.50 | Depth to soft |0.79 | Depth to bedrock |0.80

 | | | | bedrock | | Droughty |0.57

 | | | | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | Content of large |0.03

 | | | | | | stones |

 | | | | | | |

BcF: | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 50 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | | | Depth to soft |0.95 | Droughty |1.00

 | | | | bedrock | | Depth to bedrock |0.95

 | | | | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | Gravel content |0.39

 | | | | | | Content of large |0.32

 | | | | | | stones |

 | | | | | | |

 Calvin--------------| 40 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Frost action |0.50 | Depth to soft |0.79 | Depth to bedrock |0.80

 | | | | bedrock | | Droughty |0.57

 | | | | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | Content of large |0.03

 | | | | | | stones |

 | | | | | | |

BeB: | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 50 |Not limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | | | Depth to soft |0.84 | Droughty |1.00

 | | | | bedrock | | Depth to bedrock |0.84

 | | | | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | Gravel content |0.39

 | | | | | | Content of large |0.32

 | | | | | | stones |

 | | | | | | |

 Clearbrook----------| 45 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | Shrink-swell |0.50 | Depth to soft |0.97 | Droughty |0.98

 | | Frost action |0.50 | bedrock | | Depth to bedrock |0.97

 | | Low strength |0.22 | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | Content of large |0.32

 | | Content of large |0.02 | Content of large | | stones |

 | | stones | | stones | | |

 | | | | Too clayey |0.02 | |

 | | | | | | |

BeC: | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 55 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |0.63 | Depth to soft |0.84 | Droughty |1.00

 | | | | bedrock | | Depth to bedrock |0.84

 | | | | Slope |0.63 | Slope |0.63

 | | | | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | Gravel content |0.39

 | | | | | | Content of large |0.32

 | | | | | | stones |

 | | | | | | |
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

517

Table 13b.--Building Site Development (Part 2)--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 |Pct.| Local roads and streets | Shallow excavations | Lawns and landscaping

 Map symbol | of |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 and soil name |map | Rating class and | | Rating class and | | Rating class and |

 |unit| limiting features |Value| limiting features |Value| limiting features |Value

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

BeC: | | | | | | |

 Clearbrook----------| 40 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | Slope |0.63 | Depth to soft |0.97 | Droughty |0.98

 | | Shrink-swell |0.50 | bedrock | | Depth to bedrock |0.97

 | | Frost action |0.50 | Slope |0.63 | Slope |0.63

 | | Low strength |0.22 | Cutbamks cave |0.10 | Content of large |0.32

 | | | | Content of large |0.02 | stones |

 | | | | stones | | |

 | | | | | | |

BkB: | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 45 |Not limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | | | Depth to soft |0.84 | Droughty |1.00

 | | | | bedrock | | Depth to bedrock |0.84

 | | | | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | Gravel content |0.39

 | | | | | | Content of large |0.32

 | | | | | | stones |

 | | | | | | |

 Weikert-------------| 40 |Somewhat limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to soft |1.00 | Depth to soft |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | bedrock | | bedrock | | Droughty |1.00

 | | Frost action |0.50 | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | Gravel content |0.92

 | | | | | | Content of large |0.01

 | | | | | | stones |

 | | | | | | |

BqF: | | | | | | |

 Blackthorn----------| 80 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | | | Cutbanks cave |1.00 | Content of large |1.00

 | | | | Too clayey |0.06 | stones |

 | | | | | | |

BrB: | | | | | | |

 Brinkerton----------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | Frost action |1.00 | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | Content of large |0.01

 | | Low strength |0.78 | | | stones |

 | | Shrink-swell |0.50 | | | |

 | | | | | | |

BuB: | | | | | | |

 Buchanan------------| 85 |Somewhat limited | |Very limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Frost action |0.50 | Depth to |1.00 | Gravel content |0.54

 | | Depth to |0.19 | saturated zone | | Depth to |0.19

 | | saturated zone | | Cutbanks cave |1.00 | saturated zone |

 | | | | | | Content of large |0.01

 | | | | | | stones |

 | | | | | | |

BuC: | | | | | | |

 Buchanan------------| 85 |Somewhat limited | |Very limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Slope |0.63 | Depth to |1.00 | Slope |0.63

 | | Frost action |0.50 | saturated zone | | Gravel content |0.54

 | | Depth to |0.19 | Cutbanks cave |1.00 | Depth to |0.19

 | | saturated zone | | Slope |0.63 | saturated zone |

 | | | | | | Content of large |0.01

 | | | | | | stones |

 | | | | | | |
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

518

Table 13b.--Building Site Development (Part 2)--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 |Pct.| Local roads and streets | Shallow excavations | Lawns and landscaping

 Map symbol | of |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 and soil name |map | Rating class and | | Rating class and | | Rating class and |

 |unit| limiting features |Value| limiting features |Value| limiting features |Value

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

BxC: | | | | | | |

 Buchanan------------| 85 |Somewhat limited | |Very limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Frost action |0.50 | Depth to |1.00 | Content of large |0.99

 | | Depth to |0.19 | saturated zone | | stones |

 | | saturated zone | | Cutbanks cave |1.00 | Depth to |0.19

 | | Slope |0.04 | Slope |0.04 | saturated zone |

 | | | | | | Slope |0.04

 | | | | | | |

BxE: | | | | | | |

 Buchanan------------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Frost action |0.50 | Depth to |1.00 | Content of large |0.99

 | | Depth to |0.19 | saturated zone | | stones |

 | | saturated zone | | Cutbanks cave |1.00 | Depth to |0.19

 | | | | | | saturated zone |

 | | | | | | |

CbB: | | | | | | |

 Calvin--------------| 55 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Frost action |0.50 | Depth to soft |0.79 | Depth to bedrock |0.80

 | | | | bedrock | | Droughty |0.57

 | | | | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | Content of large |0.03

 | | | | | | stones |

 | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 35 |Not limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | | | Depth to soft |0.95 | Droughty |1.00

 | | | | bedrock | | Depth to bedrock |0.95

 | | | | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | Gravel content |0.39

 | | | | | | Content of large |0.32

 | | | | | | stones |

 | | | | | | |

CbC: | | | | | | |

 Calvin--------------| 50 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Slope |0.63 | Depth to soft |0.79 | Depth to bedrock |0.80

 | | Frost action |0.50 | bedrock | | Slope |0.63

 | | | | Slope |0.63 | Droughty |0.57

 | | | | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | Content of large |0.03

 | | | | | | stones |

 | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 35 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |0.63 | Depth to soft |0.95 | Droughty |1.00

 | | | | bedrock | | Depth to bedrock |0.95

 | | | | Slope |0.63 | Slope |0.63

 | | | | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | Gravel content |0.39

 | | | | | | Content of large |0.32

 | | | | | | stones |

 | | | | | | |

CkB: | | | | | | |

 Calvin--------------| 65 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Frost action |0.50 | Depth to soft |0.79 | Depth to bedrock |0.80

 | | | | bedrock | | Droughty |0.57

 | | | | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | Content of large |0.03

 | | | | | | stones |

 | | | | | | |

 Klinesville---------| 30 |Somewhat limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to soft |1.00 | Depth to soft |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | bedrock | | bedrock | | Droughty |1.00

 | | Frost action |0.50 | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | Gravel content |0.54

 | | | | | | Content of large |0.01

 | | | | | | stones |

 | | | | | | |
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

519

Table 13b.--Building Site Development (Part 2)--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 |Pct.| Local roads and streets | Shallow excavations | Lawns and landscaping

 Map symbol | of |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 and soil name |map | Rating class and | | Rating class and | | Rating class and |

 |unit| limiting features |Value| limiting features |Value| limiting features |Value

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

CkC: | | | | | | |

 Calvin--------------| 65 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Slope |0.63 | Depth to soft |0.79 | Depth to bedrock |0.80

 | | Frost action |0.50 | bedrock | | Slope |0.63

 | | | | Slope |0.63 | Droughty |0.57

 | | | | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | Content of large |0.03

 | | | | | | stones |

 | | | | | | |

 Klinesville---------| 30 |Somewhat limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to soft |1.00 | Depth to soft |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | bedrock | | bedrock | | Droughty |1.00

 | | Slope |0.63 | Slope |0.63 | Slope |0.63

 | | Frost action |0.50 | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | Gravel content |0.54

 | | | | | | Content of large |0.01

 | | | | | | stones |

 | | | | | | |

CkD: | | | | | | |

 Calvin--------------| 65 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Frost action |0.50 | Depth to soft |0.79 | Depth to bedrock |0.80

 | | | | bedrock | | Droughty |0.57

 | | | | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | Content of large |0.03

 | | | | | | stones |

 | | | | | | |

 Klinesville---------| 30 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Depth to soft |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Depth to soft |1.00 | bedrock | | Slope |1.00

 | | bedrock | | Slope |1.00 | Droughty |1.00

 | | Frost action |0.50 | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | Gravel content |0.54

 | | | | | | Content of large |0.01

 | | | | | | stones |

 | | | | | | |

CkE: | | | | | | |

 Calvin--------------| 60 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Frost action |0.50 | Depth to soft |0.79 | Depth to bedrock |0.80

 | | | | bedrock | | Droughty |0.57

 | | | | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | Content of large |0.03

 | | | | | | stones |

 | | | | | | |

 Klinesville---------| 30 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Depth to soft |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Depth to soft |1.00 | bedrock | | Slope |1.00

 | | bedrock | | Slope |1.00 | Droughty |1.00

 | | Frost action |0.50 | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | Gravel content |0.54

 | | | | | | Content of large |0.01

 | | | | | | stones |

 | | | | | | |

CkF: | | | | | | |

 Calvin--------------| 45 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Frost action |0.50 | Depth to soft |0.79 | Depth to bedrock |0.80

 | | | | bedrock | | Droughty |0.57

 | | | | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | Content of large |0.03

 | | | | | | stones |

 | | | | | | |
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

520

Table 13b.--Building Site Development (Part 2)--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 |Pct.| Local roads and streets | Shallow excavations | Lawns and landscaping

 Map symbol | of |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 and soil name |map | Rating class and | | Rating class and | | Rating class and |

 |unit| limiting features |Value| limiting features |Value| limiting features |Value

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

CkF: | | | | | | |

 Klinesville---------| 30 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Depth to soft |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Depth to soft |1.00 | bedrock | | Slope |1.00

 | | bedrock | | Slope |1.00 | Droughty |1.00

 | | Frost action |0.50 | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | Gravel content |0.54

 | | | | | | Content of large |0.01

 | | | | | | stones |

 | | | | | | |

ClC: | | | | | | |

 Caneyville----------| 90 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Low strength |1.00 | Depth to hard |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |0.90

 | | Depth to hard |0.90 | bedrock | | Slope |0.63

 | | bedrock | | Slope |0.63 | Droughty |0.01

 | | Slope |0.63 | Too clayey |0.32 | |

 | | Shrink-swell |0.50 | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | |

 | | Frost action |0.50 | | | |

 | | | | | | |

ClD: | | | | | | |

 Caneyville----------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Depth to hard |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Low strength |1.00 | bedrock | | Depth to bedrock |0.90

 | | Depth to hard |0.90 | Slope |1.00 | Droughty |0.01

 | | bedrock | | Too clayey |0.32 | |

 | | Shrink-swell |0.50 | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | |

 | | Frost action |0.50 | | | |

 | | | | | | |

ClE: | | | | | | |

 Caneyville----------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Depth to hard |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Low strength |1.00 | bedrock | | Depth to bedrock |0.90

 | | Depth to hard |0.90 | Slope |1.00 | Droughty |0.01

 | | bedrock | | Too clayey |0.32 | |

 | | Shrink-swell |0.50 | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | |

 | | Frost action |0.50 | | | |

 | | | | | | |

CnF: | | | | | | |

 Caneyville----------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Depth to hard |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Low strength |1.00 | bedrock | | Depth to bedrock |0.90

 | | Depth to hard |0.90 | Slope |1.00 | Droughty |0.02

 | | bedrock | | Too clayey |0.32 | |

 | | Shrink-swell |0.50 | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | |

 | | Frost action |0.50 | | | |

 | | | | | | |

CrB: | | | | | | |

 Clarksburg----------| 80 |Somewhat limited | |Very limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Low strength |0.78 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |0.35

 | | Shrink-swell |0.50 | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | Frost action |0.50 | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | Content of large |0.03

 | | Depth to |0.35 | | | stones |

 | | saturated zone | | | | |

 | | | | | | |

CrC: | | | | | | |

 Clarksburg----------| 80 |Somewhat limited | |Very limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Low strength |0.78 | Depth to |1.00 | Slope |0.63

 | | Slope |0.63 | saturated zone | | Depth to |0.35

 | | Shrink-swell |0.50 | Slope |0.63 | saturated zone |

 | | Frost action |0.50 | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | Content of large |0.03

 | | Depth to |0.35 | | | stones |

 | | saturated zone | | | | |

 | | | | | | |
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

521

Table 13b.--Building Site Development (Part 2)--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 |Pct.| Local roads and streets | Shallow excavations | Lawns and landscaping

 Map symbol | of |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 and soil name |map | Rating class and | | Rating class and | | Rating class and |

 |unit| limiting features |Value| limiting features |Value| limiting features |Value

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

CvB: | | | | | | |

 Clearbrook----------| 50 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | Shrink-swell |0.50 | Depth to soft |0.97 | Depth to bedrock |0.97

 | | Frost action |0.50 | bedrock | | Droughty |0.79

 | | Low strength |0.22 | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | Content of large |0.01

 | | | | Too clayey |0.02 | stones |

 | | | | | | |

 Cavode--------------| 35 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | Frost action |1.00 | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | |

 | | Low strength |1.00 | | | |

 | | Shrink-swell |0.50 | | | |

 | | | | | | |

Cz: | | | | | | |

 Combs---------------| 85 |Very limited | |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |0.60 | Flooding |0.60

 | | | | Depth to |0.35 | |

 | | | | saturated zone | | |

 | | | | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | |

 | | | | | | |

DkC: | | | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 85 |Somewhat limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to hard |0.90 | Depth to hard |1.00 | Content of large |1.00

 | | bedrock | | bedrock | | stones |

 | | Slope |0.04 | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | Depth to bedrock |0.90

 | | Content of large |0.01 | Slope |0.04 | Droughty |0.73

 | | stones | | Content of large |0.01 | Gravel content |0.19

 | | | | stones | | Slope |0.04

 | | | | | | |

DrE: | | | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 70 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Depth to hard |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Depth to hard |0.90 | bedrock | | Content of large |1.00

 | | bedrock | | Slope |1.00 | stones |

 | | Content of large |0.01 | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | Depth to bedrock |0.90

 | | stones | | Content of large |0.01 | Droughty |0.73

 | | | | stones | | Gravel content |0.19

 | | | | | | |

 Rock outcrop--------| 15 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | |

DsB: | | | | | | |

 Downsville----------| 85 |Somewhat limited | |Very limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Frost action |0.50 | Cutbanks cave |1.00 | Gravel content |0.11

 | | | | | | Content of large |0.01

 | | | | | | stones |

 | | | | | | |

DsC: | | | | | | |

 Downsville----------| 80 |Somewhat limited | |Very limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Slope |0.63 | Cutbanks cave |1.00 | Slope |0.63

 | | Frost action |0.50 | Slope |0.63 | Gravel content |0.11

 | | | | | | Content of large |0.01

 | | | | | | stones |

 | | | | | | |
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

522

Table 13b.--Building Site Development (Part 2)--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 |Pct.| Local roads and streets | Shallow excavations | Lawns and landscaping

 Map symbol | of |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 and soil name |map | Rating class and | | Rating class and | | Rating class and |

 |unit| limiting features |Value| limiting features |Value| limiting features |Value

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

Dz: | | | | | | |

 Dunning-------------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Ponding |1.00 | Ponding |1.00 | Ponding |1.00

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | Frost action |1.00 | Flooding |0.60 | Flooding |0.60

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Too clayey |0.28 | |

 | | Low strength |1.00 | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | |

 | | | | | | |

ErB: | | | | | | |

 Ernest--------------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Low strength |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |0.75

 | | Depth to |0.75 | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | saturated zone | | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | Content of large |0.01

 | | Shrink-swell |0.50 | | | stones |

 | | Frost action |0.50 | | | |

 | | | | | | |

ErC: | | | | | | |

 Ernest--------------| 80 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Low strength |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |0.75

 | | Depth to |0.75 | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | saturated zone | | Slope |0.63 | Slope |0.63

 | | Slope |0.63 | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | Content of large |0.01

 | | Shrink-swell |0.50 | | | stones |

 | | Frost action |0.50 | | | |

 | | | | | | |

HaE: | | | | | | |

 Hazleton------------| 45 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Frost action |0.50 | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | Content of large |1.00

 | | Content of large |0.05 | Content of large |0.05 | stones |

 | | stones | | stones | | Gravel content |0.01

 | | | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 40 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Depth to hard |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Depth to hard |0.90 | bedrock | | Content of large |1.00

 | | bedrock | | Slope |1.00 | stones |

 | | Content of large |0.01 | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | Depth to bedrock |0.90

 | | stones | | Content of large |0.01 | Droughty |0.73

 | | | | stones | | Gravel content |0.19

 | | | | | | |

HaF: | | | | | | |

 Hazleton------------| 55 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Frost action |0.50 | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | Content of large |1.00

 | | Content of large |0.05 | Content of large |0.05 | stones |

 | | stones | | stones | | Gravel content |0.01

 | | | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 25 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Depth to hard |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Depth to hard |0.90 | bedrock | | Content of large |1.00

 | | bedrock | | Slope |1.00 | stones |

 | | Content of large |0.01 | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | Depth to bedrock |0.90

 | | stones | | Content of large |0.01 | Droughty |0.73

 | | | | stones | | Gravel content |0.19

 | | | | | | |

HdF: | | | | | | |

 Hazleton------------| 55 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Frost action |0.50 | Cutbanks cave |1.00 | Content of large |1.00

 | | Content of large |0.09 | Content of large |0.09 | stones |

 | | stones | | stones | | Gravel content |0.01

 | | | | | | |
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

523

Table 13b.--Building Site Development (Part 2)--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 |Pct.| Local roads and streets | Shallow excavations | Lawns and landscaping

 Map symbol | of |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 and soil name |map | Rating class and | | Rating class and | | Rating class and |

 |unit| limiting features |Value| limiting features |Value| limiting features |Value

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

HdF: | | | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 25 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Depth to hard |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Depth to hard |0.90 | bedrock | | Content of large |1.00

 | | bedrock | | Slope |1.00 | stones |

 | | Content of large |0.03 | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | Depth to bedrock |0.90

 | | stones | | Content of large |0.03 | Droughty |0.73

 | | | | stones | | Gravel content |0.19

 | | | | | | |

 Rock outcrop--------| 15 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | |

HeF: | | | | | | |

 Hazleton------------| 55 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Frost action |0.50 | Cutbanks cave |1.00 | Content of large |1.00

 | | Content of large |0.16 | Content of large |0.16 | stones |

 | | stones | | stones | | Gravel content |0.01

 | | | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 25 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Depth to hard |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Depth to hard |0.90 | bedrock | | Content of large |1.00

 | | bedrock | | Slope |1.00 | stones |

 | | Content of large |0.07 | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | Depth to bedrock |0.90

 | | stones | | Content of large |0.07 | Droughty |0.73

 | | | | stones | | Gravel content |0.19

 | | | | | | |

 Rock outcrop--------| 15 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | |

HlF: | | | | | | |

 Hazleton------------| 50 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Frost action |0.50 | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | Content of large |1.00

 | | Content of large |0.05 | Content of large |0.05 | stones |

 | | stones | | stones | | Gravel content |0.01

 | | | | | | |

 Lehew---------------| 20 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Depth to hard |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Depth to hard |0.08 | bedrock | | Content of large |1.00

 | | bedrock | | Slope |1.00 | stones |

 | | | | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | Droughty |0.33

 | | | | | | Gravel content |0.11

 | | | | | | Depth to bedrock |0.08

 | | | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 15 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Depth to hard |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Depth to hard |0.90 | bedrock | | Content of large |1.00

 | | bedrock | | Slope |1.00 | stones |

 | | Content of large |0.01 | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | Depth to bedrock |0.90

 | | stones | | Content of large |0.01 | Droughty |0.73

 | | | | stones | | Gravel content |0.19

 | | | | | | |

Ho: | | | | | | |

 Holly---------------| 80 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Ponding |1.00 | Ponding |1.00 | Ponding |1.00

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Flooding |1.00

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | Depth to |1.00

 | | Frost action |1.00 | Cutbanks cave |1.00 | saturated zone |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |0.80 | |

 | | | | | | |
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

524

Table 13b.--Building Site Development (Part 2)--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 |Pct.| Local roads and streets | Shallow excavations | Lawns and landscaping

 Map symbol | of |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 and soil name |map | Rating class and | | Rating class and | | Rating class and |

 |unit| limiting features |Value| limiting features |Value| limiting features |Value

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

HwB: | | | | | | |

 Hustontown----------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Frost action |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |0.75

 | | Depth to |0.75 | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | saturated zone | | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | Content of large |0.01

 | | | | | | |

Ln: | | | | | | |

 Lindside------------| 80 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Frost action |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Flooding |0.60

 | | Flooding |1.00 | saturated zone | | Depth to |0.03

 | | Low strength |1.00 | Flooding |0.60 | saturated zone |

 | | Depth to |0.03 | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | |

 | | saturated zone | | | | |

 | | | | | | |

LzC: | | | | | | |

 Litz----------------| 90 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Slope |0.50 | Slope |0.50 | Gravel content |0.61

 | | Frost action |0.50 | Depth to soft |0.35 | Content of large |0.54

 | | | | bedrock | | stones |

 | | | | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | Slope |0.50

 | | | | | | Depth to bedrock |0.35

 | | | | | | |

LzD: | | | | | | |

 Litz----------------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Frost action |0.50 | Depth to soft |0.35 | Gravel content |0.61

 | | | | bedrock | | Content of large |0.54

 | | | | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | stones |

 | | | | | | Depth to bedrock |0.35

 | | | | | | |

LzE: | | | | | | |

 Litz----------------| 80 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Frost action |0.50 | Depth to soft |0.35 | Gravel content |0.61

 | | | | bedrock | | Content of large |0.54

 | | | | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | stones |

 | | | | | | Depth to bedrock |0.35

 | | | | | | |

LzF: | | | | | | |

 Litz----------------| 80 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Frost action |0.50 | Depth to soft |0.35 | Gravel content |0.61

 | | | | bedrock | | Content of large |0.54

 | | | | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | stones |

 | | | | | | Depth to bedrock |0.35

 | | | | | | |

Me: | | | | | | |

 Melvin--------------| 90 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Ponding |1.00 | Ponding |1.00 | Ponding |1.00

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Flooding |1.00

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | Depth to |1.00

 | | Frost action |1.00 | Cutbanks cave |1.00 | saturated zone |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |0.80 | |

 | | Low strength |1.00 | | | |

 | | | | | | |

MhA: | | | | | | |

 Monongahela---------| 80 |Somewhat limited | |Very limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Frost action |0.50 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |0.48

 | | Depth to |0.48 | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | saturated zone | | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | |

 | | Low strength |0.22 | | | |

 | | | | | | |
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

525

Table 13b.--Building Site Development (Part 2)--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 |Pct.| Local roads and streets | Shallow excavations | Lawns and landscaping

 Map symbol | of |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 and soil name |map | Rating class and | | Rating class and | | Rating class and |

 |unit| limiting features |Value| limiting features |Value| limiting features |Value

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

MhB: | | | | | | |

 Monongahela---------| 85 |Somewhat limited | |Very limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Frost action |0.50 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |0.48

 | | Depth to |0.48 | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | saturated zone | | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | |

 | | Low strength |0.22 | | | |

 | | | | | | |

MhC: | | | | | | |

 Monongahela---------| 80 |Somewhat limited | |Very limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Slope |0.63 | Depth to |1.00 | Slope |0.63

 | | Frost action |0.50 | saturated zone | | Depth to |0.48

 | | Depth to |0.48 | Slope |0.63 | saturated zone |

 | | saturated zone | | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | |

 | | Low strength |0.22 | | | |

 | | | | | | |

MrC: | | | | | | |

 Murrill-------------| 90 |Somewhat limited | |Very limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Slope |0.63 | Cutbanks cave |1.00 | Slope |0.63

 | | Frost action |0.50 | Slope |0.63 | Gravel content |0.41

 | | Low strength |0.22 | | | |

 | | | | | | |

MrD: | | | | | | |

 Murrill-------------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Frost action |0.50 | Cutbanks cave |1.00 | Gravel content |0.41

 | | Low strength |0.22 | | | |

 | | | | | | |

MsC: | | | | | | |

 Murrill-------------| 85 |Somewhat limited | |Very limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Frost action |0.50 | Cutbanks cave |1.00 | Slope |0.04

 | | Low strength |0.22 | Slope |0.04 | Content of large |0.01

 | | Slope |0.04 | Too clayey |0.01 | stones |

 | | | | | | |

MsE: | | | | | | |

 Murrill-------------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Frost action |0.50 | Cutbanks cave |1.00 | Content of large |0.01

 | | Low strength |0.22 | Too clayey |0.01 | stones |

 | | | | | | |

Pg: | | | | | | |

 Philo---------------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Flooding |0.60

 | | Frost action |0.50 | saturated zone | | Gravel content |0.14

 | | Depth to |0.03 | Cutbanks cave |1.00 | Depth to |0.03

 | | saturated zone | | Flooding |0.60 | saturated zone |

 | | | | | | |

Ph: | | | | | | |

 Philo---------------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Flooding |0.60

 | | Frost action |0.50 | saturated zone | | Depth to |0.03

 | | Depth to |0.03 | Flooding |0.60 | saturated zone |

 | | saturated zone | | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | |

 | | | | | | |

Ps: | | | | | | |

 Pope----------------| 90 |Very limited | |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |0.60 | Flooding |0.60

 | | Frost action |0.50 | Depth to |0.35 | |

 | | | | saturated zone | | |

 | | | | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | |

 | | | | | | |
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

526

Table 13b.--Building Site Development (Part 2)--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 |Pct.| Local roads and streets | Shallow excavations | Lawns and landscaping

 Map symbol | of |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 and soil name |map | Rating class and | | Rating class and | | Rating class and |

 |unit| limiting features |Value| limiting features |Value| limiting features |Value

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

Px: | | | | | | |

 Pope----------------| 90 |Very limited | |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |0.60 | Flooding |0.60

 | | Frost action |0.50 | Depth to |0.35 | |

 | | | | saturated zone | | |

 | | | | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | |

 | | | | | | |

Pz: | | | | | | |

 Pope----------------| 50 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Cutbanks cave |1.00 | Flooding |1.00

 | | Frost action |0.50 | Flooding |0.80 | |

 | | | | Depth to |0.61 | |

 | | | | saturated zone | | |

 | | | | | | |

 Philo---------------| 30 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Flooding |1.00

 | | Frost action |0.50 | saturated zone | | Depth to |0.19

 | | Depth to |0.19 | Cutbanks cave |1.00 | saturated zone |

 | | saturated zone | | Flooding |0.80 | |

 | | | | | | |

Qm: | | | | | | |

 Quarry, limestone---| 97 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | |

Qo: | | | | | | |

 Quarry, sandstone---| 95 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | |

Qs: | | | | | | |

 Quarry, shale-------| 96 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | |

ReG: | | | | | | |

 Rock outcrop--------| 50 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | |

 Opequon-------------| 40 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to hard |1.00 | Depth to hard |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | bedrock | | bedrock | | Slope |1.00

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Droughty |0.99

 | | Shrink-swell |1.00 | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | Gravel content |0.05

 | | Low strength |1.00 | | | |

 | | Frost action |0.50 | | | |

 | | | | | | |

RgG: | | | | | | |

 Rock outcrop--------| 50 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | |

 Rough---------------| 45 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Depth to soft |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Depth to soft |1.00 | bedrock | | Slope |1.00

 | | bedrock | | Slope |1.00 | Droughty |1.00

 | | Frost action |0.50 | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | Gravel content |0.70

 | | | | | | Content of large |0.32

 | | | | | | stones |

 | | | | | | |

RuD: | | | | | | |

 Rushtown------------| 90 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | | | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | Gravel content |0.98

 | | | | | | |

RuF: | | | | | | |

 Rushtown------------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | | | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | Gravel content |0.98

 | | | | | | |
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

527

Table 13b.--Building Site Development (Part 2)--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 |Pct.| Local roads and streets | Shallow excavations | Lawns and landscaping

 Map symbol | of |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 and soil name |map | Rating class and | | Rating class and | | Rating class and |

 |unit| limiting features |Value| limiting features |Value| limiting features |Value

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

ShC: | | | | | | |

 Schaffenaker--------| 80 |Somewhat limited | |Very limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Depth to hard |0.90 | Depth to hard |1.00 | Droughty |0.99

 | | bedrock | | bedrock | | Depth to bedrock |0.90

 | | Slope |0.04 | Cutbanks cave |1.00 | Content of large |0.84

 | | | | Slope |0.04 | stones |

 | | | | | | Slope |0.04

 | | | | | | |

SkF: | | | | | | |

 Schaffenaker--------| 45 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Depth to hard |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Depth to hard |0.90 | bedrock | | Droughty |0.99

 | | bedrock | | Slope |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |0.90

 | | | | Cutbanks cave |1.00 | Content of large |0.84

 | | | | | | stones |

 | | | | | | |

 Rock outcrop--------| 40 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | |

SnE: | | | | | | |

 Schaffenaker--------| 45 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Depth to hard |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Depth to hard |0.90 | bedrock | | Droughty |0.99

 | | bedrock | | Slope |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |0.90

 | | | | Cutbanks cave |1.00 | Content of large |0.84

 | | | | | | stones |

 | | | | | | |

 Vanderlip-----------| 40 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | | | Cutbanks cave |1.00 | Content of large |0.97

 | | | | | | stones |

 | | | | | | |

SnF: | | | | | | |

 Schaffenaker--------| 40 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Depth to hard |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Depth to hard |0.90 | bedrock | | Droughty |0.99

 | | bedrock | | Slope |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |0.90

 | | | | Cutbanks cave |1.00 | Content of large |0.84

 | | | | | | stones |

 | | | | | | |

 Vanderlip-----------| 40 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | | | Cutbanks cave |1.00 | Content of large |0.97

 | | | | | | stones |

 | | | | | | |

SxC: | | | | | | |

 Sideling------------| 85 |Somewhat limited | |Very limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Frost action |0.50 | Cutbanks cave |1.00 | Gravel content |0.36

 | | Slope |0.04 | Depth to |0.97 | Content of large |0.32

 | | | | saturated zone | | stones |

 | | | | Slope |0.04 | Slope |0.04

 | | | | Too clayey |0.02 | |

 | | | | | | |

SxE: | | | | | | |

 Sideling------------| 80 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Frost action |0.50 | Cutbanks cave |1.00 | Gravel content |0.36

 | | | | Depth to |0.97 | Content of large |0.32

 | | | | saturated zone | | stones |

 | | | | Too clayey |0.02 | |

 | | | | | | |
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

528

Table 13b.--Building Site Development (Part 2)--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 |Pct.| Local roads and streets | Shallow excavations | Lawns and landscaping

 Map symbol | of |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 and soil name |map | Rating class and | | Rating class and | | Rating class and |

 |unit| limiting features |Value| limiting features |Value| limiting features |Value

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

SyE: | | | | | | |

 Sideling------------| 80 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Frost action |0.50 | Cutbanks cave |1.00 | Content of large |1.00

 | | | | Depth to |0.97 | stones |

 | | | | saturated zone | | Gravel content |0.36

 | | | | Too clayey |0.02 | |

 | | | | | | |

Ta: | | | | | | |

 Tioga---------------| 90 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Cutbanks cave |1.00 | Flooding |0.60

 | | Frost action |0.50 | Flooding |0.60 | |

 | | | | Depth to |0.35 | |

 | | | | saturated zone | | |

 | | | | | | |

TyA: | | | | | | |

 Tygart--------------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Low strength |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | | Depth to |1.00 | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | saturated zone | | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | |

 | | Shrink-swell |0.50 | Too clayey |0.03 | |

 | | Frost action |0.50 | | | |

 | | | | | | |

Ua: | | | | | | |

 Udorthents----------| 95 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | |

Uu: | | | | | | |

 Urban land----------| 45 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | |

 Udorthents----------| 45 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | |

WaB: | | | | | | |

 Weikert-------------| 85 |Somewhat limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to soft |1.00 | Depth to soft |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | bedrock | | bedrock | | Droughty |1.00

 | | Frost action |0.50 | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | Gravel content |0.92

 | | | | | | Content of large |0.01

 | | | | | | stones |

 | | | | | | |

WaC: | | | | | | |

 Weikert-------------| 85 |Somewhat limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to soft |1.00 | Depth to soft |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | bedrock | | bedrock | | Droughty |1.00

 | | Slope |0.63 | Slope |0.63 | Gravel content |0.92

 | | Frost action |0.50 | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | Slope |0.63

 | | | | | | Content of large |0.01

 | | | | | | stones |

 | | | | | | |

WbC: | | | | | | |

 Weikert-------------| 45 |Somewhat limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to soft |1.00 | Depth to soft |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | bedrock | | bedrock | | Droughty |1.00

 | | Slope |0.63 | Slope |0.63 | Gravel content |0.92

 | | Frost action |0.50 | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | Slope |0.63

 | | | | | | Content of large |0.01

 | | | | | | stones |

 | | | | | | |
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

529

Table 13b.--Building Site Development (Part 2)--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 |Pct.| Local roads and streets | Shallow excavations | Lawns and landscaping

 Map symbol | of |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 and soil name |map | Rating class and | | Rating class and | | Rating class and |

 |unit| limiting features |Value| limiting features |Value| limiting features |Value

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

WbC: | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 40 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |0.63 | Depth to soft |0.84 | Droughty |1.00

 | | | | bedrock | | Depth to bedrock |0.84

 | | | | Slope |0.63 | Slope |0.63

 | | | | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | Gravel content |0.39

 | | | | | | Content of large |0.32

 | | | | | | stones |

 | | | | | | |

WbD: | | | | | | |

 Weikert-------------| 50 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Depth to soft |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Depth to soft |1.00 | bedrock | | Slope |1.00

 | | bedrock | | Slope |1.00 | Droughty |1.00

 | | Frost action |0.50 | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | Gravel content |0.92

 | | | | | | Content of large |0.01

 | | | | | | stones |

 | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 35 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | | | Depth to soft |0.95 | Droughty |1.00

 | | | | bedrock | | Depth to bedrock |0.95

 | | | | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | Gravel content |0.39

 | | | | | | Content of large |0.32

 | | | | | | stones |

 | | | | | | |

WkF: | | | | | | |

 Weikert-------------| 50 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Depth to soft |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Depth to soft |1.00 | bedrock | | Slope |1.00

 | | bedrock | | Slope |1.00 | Droughty |1.00

 | | Frost action |0.50 | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | Gravel content |0.84

 | | | | | | Content of large |0.54

 | | | | | | stones |

 | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 35 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | | | Depth to soft |0.84 | Droughty |0.87

 | | | | bedrock | | Depth to bedrock |0.84

 | | | | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | Gravel content |0.70

 | | | | | | Content of large |0.32

 | | | | | | stones |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

530

Table 14a.--Sanitary Facilities (Part 1)

(The information in this table indicates the dominant soil condition but does

 not eliminate the need for onsite investigation. The numbers in the value

 columns range from 0.01 to 1.00. The larger the value, the greater the

 limitation. See text for further explanation of ratings in this table.)

______________________________________________________________________________

 | | |

 |Pct.| Septic tank | Sewage lagoons

 Map symbol | of | absorption fields |

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | |

AgB: | | | | |

 Allegheny-----------| 80 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Restricted |0.46 | Slope |0.92

 | | permeability | | Seepage |0.53

 | | | | |

AgC: | | | | |

 Allegheny-----------| 80 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Restricted |0.46 | Slope |0.92

 | | permeability | | Seepage |0.53

 | | | | |

AnB: | | | | |

 Andover-------------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Restricted |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | | permeability | | saturated zone |

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Seepage |0.53

 | | saturated zone | | Slope |0.32

 | | | | |

Ba: | | | | |

 Basher--------------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | Restricted |0.72 | Seepage |1.00

 | | permeability | | |

 | | | | |

BbC: | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 80 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to soft |1.00

 | | Slope |0.04 | bedrock |

 | | | | Seepage |1.00

 | | | | Slope |1.00

 | | | | Content of |1.00

 | | | | organic matter |

 | | | | |

BbE: | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to soft |1.00

 | | Slope |1.00 | bedrock |

 | | | | Slope |1.00

 | | | | Seepage |1.00

 | | | | Content of |1.00

 | | | | organic matter |

 | | | | |

BcD: | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 45 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to soft |1.00

 | | Slope |1.00 | bedrock |

 | | | | Slope |1.00

 | | | | Seepage |1.00

 | | | | |

 Calvin--------------| 40 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to soft |1.00

 | | Slope |1.00 | bedrock |

 | | | | Slope |1.00

 | | | | Seepage |1.00

 | | | | |
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

531

Table 14a.--Sanitary Facilities (Part 1)--Continued

______________________________________________________________________________

 | | |

 |Pct.| Septic tank | Sewage lagoons

 Map symbol | of | absorption fields |

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | |

BcE: | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 50 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to soft |1.00

 | | Slope |1.00 | bedrock |

 | | | | Slope |1.00

 | | | | Seepage |1.00

 | | | | |

 Calvin--------------| 40 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to soft |1.00

 | | Slope |1.00 | bedrock |

 | | | | Slope |1.00

 | | | | Seepage |1.00

 | | | | |

BcF: | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 50 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to soft |1.00

 | | Slope |1.00 | bedrock |

 | | | | Slope |1.00

 | | | | Seepage |1.00

 | | | | |

 Calvin--------------| 40 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to soft |1.00

 | | Slope |1.00 | bedrock |

 | | | | Slope |1.00

 | | | | Seepage |1.00

 | | | | |

BeB: | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 50 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to soft |1.00

 | | | | bedrock |

 | | | | Seepage |1.00

 | | | | Slope |0.92

 | | | | |

 Clearbrook----------| 45 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to soft |1.00

 | | Depth to |1.00 | bedrock |

 | | saturated zone | | Depth to |1.00

 | | Content of large |0.02 | saturated zone |

 | | stones | | Slope |0.92

 | | | | Content of large |0.21

 | | | | stones |

 | | | | |

BeC: | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 55 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to soft |1.00

 | | Slope |0.63 | bedrock |

 | | | | Slope |1.00

 | | | | Seepage |1.00

 | | | | |

 Clearbrook----------| 40 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to soft |1.00

 | | Depth to |1.00 | bedrock |

 | | saturated zone | | Slope |1.00

 | | Slope |0.63 | Depth to |1.00

 | | Content of large |0.02 | saturated zone |

 | | stones | | Content of large |0.21

 | | | | stones |

 | | | | |
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

532

Table 14a.--Sanitary Facilities (Part 1)--Continued

______________________________________________________________________________

 | | |

 |Pct.| Septic tank | Sewage lagoons

 Map symbol | of | absorption fields |

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | |

BkB: | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 45 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to soft |1.00

 | | | | bedrock |

 | | | | Seepage |1.00

 | | | | Slope |0.92

 | | | | |

 Weikert-------------| 40 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to soft |1.00

 | | | | bedrock |

 | | | | Seepage |1.00

 | | | | Slope |0.92

 | | | | |

BqF: | | | | |

 Blackthorn----------| 80 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Restricted |0.72 | Seepage |1.00

 | | permeability | | Content of |1.00

 | | | | organic matter |

 | | | | |

BrB: | | | | |

 Brinkerton----------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Restricted |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | | permeability | | saturated zone |

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Slope |0.92

 | | saturated zone | | Seepage |0.50

 | | | | |

BuB: | | | | |

 Buchanan------------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Restricted |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | | permeability | | saturated zone |

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Slope |0.92

 | | saturated zone | | Seepage |0.53

 | | | | |

BuC: | | | | |

 Buchanan------------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Restricted |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | permeability | | Depth to |1.00

 | | Depth to |1.00 | saturated zone |

 | | saturated zone | | Seepage |0.53

 | | Slope |0.63 | |

 | | | | |

BxC: | | | | |

 Buchanan------------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Restricted |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | | permeability | | saturated zone |

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | saturated zone | | Content of |1.00

 | | Slope |0.04 | organic matter |

 | | | | Seepage |0.53

 | | | | |

BxE: | | | | |

 Buchanan------------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Restricted |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | permeability | | Depth to |1.00

 | | Depth to |1.00 | saturated zone |

 | | saturated zone | | Content of |1.00

 | | Slope |1.00 | organic matter |

 | | | | Seepage |0.53

 | | | | |
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

533

Table 14a.--Sanitary Facilities (Part 1)--Continued

______________________________________________________________________________

 | | |

 |Pct.| Septic tank | Sewage lagoons

 Map symbol | of | absorption fields |

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | |

CbB: | | | | |

 Calvin--------------| 55 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to soft |1.00

 | | | | bedrock |

 | | | | Seepage |1.00

 | | | | Slope |0.92

 | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 35 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to soft |1.00

 | | | | bedrock |

 | | | | Seepage |1.00

 | | | | Slope |0.92

 | | | | |

CbC: | | | | |

 Calvin--------------| 50 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to soft |1.00

 | | Slope |0.63 | bedrock |

 | | | | Slope |1.00

 | | | | Seepage |1.00

 | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 35 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to soft |1.00

 | | Slope |0.63 | bedrock |

 | | | | Slope |1.00

 | | | | Seepage |1.00

 | | | | |

CkB: | | | | |

 Calvin--------------| 65 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to soft |1.00

 | | | | bedrock |

 | | | | Seepage |1.00

 | | | | Slope |0.92

 | | | | |

 Klinesville---------| 30 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to soft |1.00

 | | | | bedrock |

 | | | | Seepage |1.00

 | | | | Slope |0.92

 | | | | |

CkC: | | | | |

 Calvin--------------| 65 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to soft |1.00

 | | Slope |0.63 | bedrock |

 | | | | Slope |1.00

 | | | | Seepage |1.00

 | | | | |

 Klinesville---------| 30 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to soft |1.00

 | | Slope |0.63 | bedrock |

 | | | | Slope |1.00

 | | | | Seepage |1.00

 | | | | |

CkD: | | | | |

 Calvin--------------| 65 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to soft |1.00

 | | Slope |1.00 | bedrock |

 | | | | Slope |1.00

 | | | | Seepage |1.00

 | | | | |
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

534

Table 14a.--Sanitary Facilities (Part 1)--Continued

______________________________________________________________________________

 | | |

 |Pct.| Septic tank | Sewage lagoons

 Map symbol | of | absorption fields |

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | |

CkD: | | | | |

 Klinesville---------| 30 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to soft |1.00

 | | Slope |1.00 | bedrock |

 | | | | Slope |1.00

 | | | | Seepage |1.00

 | | | | |

CkE: | | | | |

 Calvin--------------| 60 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to soft |1.00

 | | Slope |1.00 | bedrock |

 | | | | Slope |1.00

 | | | | Seepage |1.00

 | | | | |

 Klinesville---------| 30 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to soft |1.00

 | | Slope |1.00 | bedrock |

 | | | | Slope |1.00

 | | | | Seepage |1.00

 | | | | |

CkF: | | | | |

 Calvin--------------| 45 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to soft |1.00

 | | Slope |1.00 | bedrock |

 | | | | Slope |1.00

 | | | | Seepage |1.00

 | | | | |

 Klinesville---------| 30 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to soft |1.00

 | | Slope |1.00 | bedrock |

 | | | | Slope |1.00

 | | | | Seepage |1.00

 | | | | |

ClC: | | | | |

 Caneyville----------| 90 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to hard |1.00

 | | Restricted |1.00 | bedrock |

 | | permeability | | Slope |1.00

 | | Slope |0.63 | Seepage |0.21

 | | | | |

ClD: | | | | |

 Caneyville----------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to hard |1.00

 | | Slope |1.00 | bedrock |

 | | Restricted |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | permeability | | Seepage |0.21

 | | | | |

ClE: | | | | |

 Caneyville----------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to hard |1.00

 | | Slope |1.00 | bedrock |

 | | Restricted |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | permeability | | Seepage |0.21

 | | | | |

CnF: | | | | |

 Caneyville----------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to hard |1.00

 | | Slope |1.00 | bedrock |

 | | Restricted |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | permeability | | Seepage |0.21

 | | | | |
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

535

Table 14a.--Sanitary Facilities (Part 1)--Continued

______________________________________________________________________________

 | | |

 |Pct.| Septic tank | Sewage lagoons

 Map symbol | of | absorption fields |

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | |

CrB: | | | | |

 Clarksburg----------| 80 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | Restricted |1.00 | Slope |0.92

 | | permeability | | Seepage |0.50

 | | | | |

CrC: | | | | |

 Clarksburg----------| 80 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | saturated zone | | Depth to |1.00

 | | Restricted |1.00 | saturated zone |

 | | permeability | | Seepage |0.50

 | | Slope |0.63 | |

 | | | | |

CvB: | | | | |

 Clearbrook----------| 50 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to soft |1.00

 | | Depth to |1.00 | bedrock |

 | | saturated zone | | Depth to |1.00

 | | | | saturated zone |

 | | | | Slope |0.32

 | | | | Content of large |0.01

 | | | | stones |

 | | | | |

 Cavode--------------| 35 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Restricted |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | | permeability | | saturated zone |

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Slope |0.32

 | | saturated zone | | |

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.18 | |

 | | | | |

Cz: | | | | |

 Combs---------------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00

 | | Depth to |0.84 | Seepage |1.00

 | | saturated zone | | Depth to |0.17

 | | | | saturated zone |

 | | | | |

DkC: | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to hard |1.00

 | | Filtering |1.00 | bedrock |

 | | capacity | | Seepage |1.00

 | | Slope |0.04 | Slope |1.00

 | | Content of large |0.02 | Content of |1.00

 | | stones | | organic matter |

 | | | | Content of large |0.37

 | | | | stones |

 | | | | |

DrE: | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 70 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to hard |1.00

 | | Filtering |1.00 | bedrock |

 | | capacity | | Slope |1.00

 | | Slope |1.00 | Seepage |1.00

 | | Content of large |0.01 | Content of |1.00

 | | stones | | organic matter |

 | | | | Content of large |0.44

 | | | | stones |

 | | | | |
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

536

Table 14a.--Sanitary Facilities (Part 1)--Continued

______________________________________________________________________________

 | | |

 |Pct.| Septic tank | Sewage lagoons

 Map symbol | of | absorption fields |

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | |

DrE: | | | | |

 Rock outcrop--------| 15 |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | |

DsB: | | | | |

 Downsville----------| 85 |Very limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Restricted |1.00 | Slope |0.92

 | | permeability | | Seepage |0.53

 | | | | |

DsC: | | | | |

 Downsville----------| 80 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Restricted |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | permeability | | Seepage |0.53

 | | Slope |0.63 | |

 | | | | |

Dz: | | | | |

 Dunning-------------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Ponding |1.00

 | | Restricted |1.00 | Flooding |1.00

 | | permeability | | Depth to |1.00

 | | Ponding |1.00 | saturated zone |

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Seepage |0.02

 | | saturated zone | | |

 | | | | |

ErB: | | | | |

 Ernest--------------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | Restricted |1.00 | Slope |0.92

 | | permeability | | Seepage |0.53

 | | | | |

ErC: | | | | |

 Ernest--------------| 80 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | saturated zone | | Depth to |1.00

 | | Restricted |1.00 | saturated zone |

 | | permeability | | Seepage |0.53

 | | Slope |0.63 | |

 | | | | |

HaE: | | | | |

 Hazleton------------| 45 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Filtering |1.00 | Seepage |1.00

 | | capacity | | Content of |1.00

 | | Content of large |0.05 | organic matter |

 | | stones | | Content of large |0.78

 | | | | stones |

 | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 40 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to hard |1.00

 | | Filtering |1.00 | bedrock |

 | | capacity | | Slope |1.00

 | | Slope |1.00 | Seepage |1.00

 | | Content of large |0.02 | Content of |1.00

 | | stones | | organic matter |

 | | | | Content of large |0.37

 | | | | stones |

 | | | | |
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

537

Table 14a.--Sanitary Facilities (Part 1)--Continued

______________________________________________________________________________

 | | |

 |Pct.| Septic tank | Sewage lagoons

 Map symbol | of | absorption fields |

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | |

HaF: | | | | |

 Hazleton------------| 55 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Filtering |1.00 | Seepage |1.00

 | | capacity | | Content of |1.00

 | | Content of large |0.05 | organic matter |

 | | stones | | Content of large |0.78

 | | | | stones |

 | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 25 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to hard |1.00

 | | Filtering |1.00 | bedrock |

 | | capacity | | Slope |1.00

 | | Slope |1.00 | Seepage |1.00

 | | Content of large |0.02 | Content of |1.00

 | | stones | | organic matter |

 | | | | Content of large |0.37

 | | | | stones |

 | | | | |

HdF: | | | | |

 Hazleton------------| 55 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Filtering |1.00 | Seepage |1.00

 | | capacity | | Content of |1.00

 | | Content of large |0.10 | organic matter |

 | | stones | | Content of large |0.96

 | | | | stones |

 | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 25 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to hard |1.00

 | | Filtering |1.00 | bedrock |

 | | capacity | | Slope |1.00

 | | Slope |1.00 | Seepage |1.00

 | | Content of large |0.03 | Content of |1.00

 | | stones | | organic matter |

 | | | | Content of large |0.52

 | | | | stones |

 | | | | |

 Rock outcrop--------| 15 |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | |

HeF: | | | | |

 Hazleton------------| 55 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Filtering |1.00 | Seepage |1.00

 | | capacity | | Content of large |1.00

 | | Content of large |0.17 | stones |

 | | stones | | Content of |1.00

 | | | | organic matter |

 | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 25 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to hard |1.00

 | | Filtering |1.00 | bedrock |

 | | capacity | | Slope |1.00

 | | Slope |1.00 | Seepage |1.00

 | | Content of large |0.08 | Content of |1.00

 | | stones | | organic matter |

 | | | | Content of large |0.75

 | | | | stones |

 | | | | |

 Rock outcrop--------| 15 |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | |
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

538

Table 14a.--Sanitary Facilities (Part 1)--Continued

______________________________________________________________________________

 | | |

 |Pct.| Septic tank | Sewage lagoons

 Map symbol | of | absorption fields |

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | |

HlF: | | | | |

 Hazleton------------| 50 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Filtering |1.00 | Seepage |1.00

 | | capacity | | Content of |1.00

 | | Content of large |0.05 | organic matter |

 | | stones | | Content of large |0.78

 | | | | stones |

 | | | | |

 Lehew---------------| 20 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to hard |1.00

 | | Slope |1.00 | bedrock |

 | | Filtering |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | capacity | | Seepage |1.00

 | | | | Content of |1.00

 | | | | organic matter |

 | | | | Content of large |0.03

 | | | | stones |

 | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 15 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to hard |1.00

 | | Filtering |1.00 | bedrock |

 | | capacity | | Slope |1.00

 | | Slope |1.00 | Seepage |1.00

 | | Content of large |0.02 | Content of |1.00

 | | stones | | organic matter |

 | | | | Content of large |0.37

 | | | | stones |

 | | | | |

Ho: | | | | |

 Holly---------------| 80 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Ponding |1.00

 | | Ponding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | Restricted |0.72 | Seepage |1.00

 | | permeability | | |

 | | | | |

HwB: | | | | |

 Hustontown----------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | Restricted |1.00 | Slope |0.92

 | | permeability | | Seepage |0.53

 | | | | |

Ln: | | | | |

 Lindside------------| 80 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | Restricted |0.72 | Seepage |1.00

 | | permeability | | |

 | | | | |
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

539

Table 14a.--Sanitary Facilities (Part 1)--Continued

______________________________________________________________________________

 | | |

 |Pct.| Septic tank | Sewage lagoons

 Map symbol | of | absorption fields |

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | |

LzC: | | | | |

 Litz----------------| 90 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to soft |1.00

 | | Slope |0.50 | bedrock |

 | | Restricted |0.50 | Slope |1.00

 | | permeability | | Content of |1.00

 | | | | organic matter |

 | | | | Seepage |0.50

 | | | | Content of large |0.07

 | | | | stones |

 | | | | |

LzD: | | | | |

 Litz----------------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to soft |1.00

 | | Slope |1.00 | bedrock |

 | | Restricted |0.50 | Slope |1.00

 | | permeability | | Content of |1.00

 | | | | organic matter |

 | | | | Seepage |0.50

 | | | | Content of large |0.07

 | | | | stones |

 | | | | |

LzE: | | | | |

 Litz----------------| 80 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to soft |1.00

 | | Slope |1.00 | bedrock |

 | | Restricted |0.50 | Slope |1.00

 | | permeability | | Content of |1.00

 | | | | organic matter |

 | | | | Seepage |0.50

 | | | | Content of large |0.07

 | | | | stones |

 | | | | |

LzF: | | | | |

 Litz----------------| 80 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to soft |1.00

 | | Slope |1.00 | bedrock |

 | | Restricted |0.50 | Slope |1.00

 | | permeability | | Content of |1.00

 | | | | organic matter |

 | | | | Seepage |0.50

 | | | | Content of large |0.07

 | | | | stones |

 | | | | |

Me: | | | | |

 Melvin--------------| 90 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Ponding |1.00

 | | Ponding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | Restricted |0.46 | Seepage |0.53

 | | permeability | | |

 | | | | |

MhA: | | | | |

 Monongahela---------| 80 |Very limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |0.94

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | Restricted |1.00 | Seepage |0.53

 | | permeability | | |

 | | | | |
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

540

Table 14a.--Sanitary Facilities (Part 1)--Continued

______________________________________________________________________________

 | | |

 |Pct.| Septic tank | Sewage lagoons

 Map symbol | of | absorption fields |

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | |

MhB: | | | | |

 Monongahela---------| 85 |Very limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |0.94

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | Restricted |1.00 | Slope |0.92

 | | permeability | | Seepage |0.53

 | | | | |

MhC: | | | | |

 Monongahela---------| 80 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | saturated zone | | Depth to |0.94

 | | Restricted |1.00 | saturated zone |

 | | permeability | | Seepage |0.53

 | | Slope |0.63 | |

 | | | | |

MrC: | | | | |

 Murrill-------------| 90 |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Restricted |0.72 | Slope |1.00

 | | permeability | | Seepage |0.50

 | | Slope |0.63 | |

 | | | | |

MrD: | | | | |

 Murrill-------------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Restricted |0.72 | Seepage |0.50

 | | permeability | | |

 | | | | |

MsC: | | | | |

 Murrill-------------| 85 |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Restricted |0.72 | Slope |1.00

 | | permeability | | Seepage |0.50

 | | Slope |0.04 | |

 | | | | |

MsE: | | | | |

 Murrill-------------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Restricted |0.72 | Seepage |0.50

 | | permeability | | |

 | | | | |

Pg: | | | | |

 Philo---------------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Seepage |1.00

 | | saturated zone | | Depth to |1.00

 | | Restricted |0.50 | saturated zone |

 | | permeability | | |

 | | | | |

Ph: | | | | |

 Philo---------------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Seepage |1.00

 | | saturated zone | | Depth to |1.00

 | | Restricted |0.46 | saturated zone |

 | | permeability | | |

 | | | | |

Ps: | | | | |

 Pope----------------| 90 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00

 | | Depth to |0.84 | Seepage |1.00

 | | saturated zone | | Depth to |0.17

 | | | | saturated zone |

 | | | | |
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

541

Table 14a.--Sanitary Facilities (Part 1)--Continued

______________________________________________________________________________

 | | |

 |Pct.| Septic tank | Sewage lagoons

 Map symbol | of | absorption fields |

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | |

Px: | | | | |

 Pope----------------| 90 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00

 | | Depth to |0.84 | Seepage |1.00

 | | saturated zone | | Depth to |0.17

 | | | | saturated zone |

 | | | | |

Pz: | | | | |

 Pope----------------| 50 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Seepage |1.00

 | | saturated zone | | Depth to |0.71

 | | | | saturated zone |

 | | | | |

 Philo---------------| 30 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Seepage |1.00

 | | saturated zone | | Depth to |1.00

 | | | | saturated zone |

 | | | | |

Qm: | | | | |

 Quarry, limestone---| 97 |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | |

Qo: | | | | |

 Quarry, sandstone---| 95 |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | |

Qs: | | | | |

 Quarry, shale-------| 96 |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | |

ReG: | | | | |

 Rock outcrop--------| 50 |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | |

 Opequon-------------| 40 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to hard |1.00

 | | Slope |1.00 | bedrock |

 | | | | Slope |1.00

 | | | | Seepage |1.00

 | | | | |

RgG: | | | | |

 Rock outcrop--------| 50 |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | |

 Rough---------------| 45 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to soft |1.00

 | | Slope |1.00 | bedrock |

 | | | | Slope |1.00

 | | | | |

RuD: | | | | |

 Rushtown------------| 90 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Filtering |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | capacity | | Seepage |1.00

 | | Slope |1.00 | Content of |1.00

 | | | | organic matter |

 | | | | |

RuF: | | | | |

 Rushtown------------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Filtering |1.00 | Seepage |1.00

 | | capacity | | Content of |1.00

 | | | | organic matter |

 | | | | |
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

542

Table 14a.--Sanitary Facilities (Part 1)--Continued

______________________________________________________________________________

 | | |

 |Pct.| Septic tank | Sewage lagoons

 Map symbol | of | absorption fields |

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | |

ShC: | | | | |

 Schaffenaker--------| 80 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to hard |1.00

 | | Filtering |1.00 | bedrock |

 | | capacity | | Seepage |1.00

 | | Slope |0.04 | Slope |1.00

 | | | | Content of |1.00

 | | | | organic matter |

 | | | | |

SkF: | | | | |

 Schaffenaker--------| 45 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to hard |1.00

 | | Slope |1.00 | bedrock |

 | | Filtering |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | capacity | | Seepage |1.00

 | | | | Content of |1.00

 | | | | organic matter |

 | | | | |

 Rock outcrop--------| 40 |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | |

SnE: | | | | |

 Schaffenaker--------| 45 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to hard |1.00

 | | Slope |1.00 | bedrock |

 | | Filtering |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | capacity | | Seepage |1.00

 | | | | Content of |1.00

 | | | | organic matter |

 | | | | |

 Vanderlip-----------| 40 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Filtering |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | capacity |1.00 | Seepage |1.00

 | | Slope |1.00 | Content of |1.00

 | | | | organic matter |

 | | | | |

SnF: | | | | |

 Schaffenaker--------| 40 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to hard |1.00

 | | Slope |1.00 | bedrock |

 | | Filtering |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | capacity | | Seepage |1.00

 | | | | Content of |1.00

 | | | | organic matter |

 | | | | |

 Vanderlip-----------| 40 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Filtering |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | capacity | | Seepage |1.00

 | | Slope |1.00 | Content of |1.00

 | | | | organic matter |

 | | | | |

SxC: | | | | |

 Sideling------------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Restricted |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | | permeability | | saturated zone |

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | saturated zone | | Content of |1.00

 | | Slope |0.04 | organic matter |

 | | | | Seepage |0.50

 | | | | |
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

543

Table 14a.--Sanitary Facilities (Part 1)--Continued

______________________________________________________________________________

 | | |

 |Pct.| Septic tank | Sewage lagoons

 Map symbol | of | absorption fields |

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | |

SxE: | | | | |

 Sideling------------| 80 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Restricted |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | permeability | | Depth to |1.00

 | | Depth to |1.00 | saturated zone |

 | | saturated zone | | Content of |1.00

 | | Slope |1.00 | organic matter |

 | | | | Seepage |0.50

 | | | | |

SyE: | | | | |

 Sideling------------| 80 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Restricted |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | permeability | | Depth to |1.00

 | | Depth to |1.00 | saturated zone |

 | | saturated zone | | Content of |1.00

 | | Slope |1.00 | organic matter |

 | | | | Seepage |0.50

 | | | | Content of large |0.01

 | | | | stones |

 | | | | |

Ta: | | | | |

 Tioga---------------| 90 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00

 | | Filtering |1.00 | Seepage |1.00

 | | capacity | | Depth to |0.17

 | | Depth to |0.84 | saturated zone |

 | | saturated zone | | |

 | | | | |

TyA: | | | | |

 Tygart--------------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Restricted |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | | permeability | | saturated zone |

 | | Depth to |1.00 | |

 | | saturated zone | | |

 | | | | |

Ua: | | | | |

 Udorthents----------| 95 |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | |

Uu: | | | | |

 Urban land----------| 45 |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | |

 Udorthents----------| 45 |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | |

WaB: | | | | |

 Weikert-------------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to soft |1.00

 | | | | bedrock |

 | | | | Seepage |1.00

 | | | | Slope |0.92

 | | | | |

WaC: | | | | |

 Weikert-------------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to soft |1.00

 | | Slope |0.63 | bedrock |

 | | | | Slope |1.00

 | | | | Seepage |1.00

 | | | | |
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

544

Table 14a.--Sanitary Facilities (Part 1)--Continued

______________________________________________________________________________

 | | |

 |Pct.| Septic tank | Sewage lagoons

 Map symbol | of | absorption fields |

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | |

WbC: | | | | |

 Weikert-------------| 45 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to soft |1.00

 | | Slope |0.63 | bedrock |

 | | | | Slope |1.00

 | | | | Seepage |1.00

 | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 40 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to soft |1.00

 | | Slope |0.63 | bedrock |

 | | | | Slope |1.00

 | | | | Seepage |1.00

 | | | | |

WbD: | | | | |

 Weikert-------------| 50 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to soft |1.00

 | | Slope |1.00 | bedrock |

 | | | | Slope |1.00

 | | | | Seepage |1.00

 | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 35 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to soft |1.00

 | | Slope |1.00 | bedrock |

 | | | | Slope |1.00

 | | | | Seepage |1.00

 | | | | |

WkF: | | | | |

 Weikert-------------| 50 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to soft |1.00

 | | Slope |1.00 | bedrock |

 | | | | Slope |1.00

 | | | | Seepage |1.00

 | | | | Content of |1.00

 | | | | organic matter |

 | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 35 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to soft |1.00

 | | Slope |1.00 | bedrock |

 | | | | Slope |1.00

 | | | | Seepage |1.00

 | | | | Content of |1.00

 | | | | organic matter |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

545

Table 14b.--Sanitary Facilities (Part 2)

(The information in this table indicates the dominant soil condition but does not eliminate the need

 for onsite investigation. The numbers in the value columns range from 0.01 to 1.00. The

 larger the value, the greater the limitation. See text for further explanation of ratings in

 this table.)

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 |Pct.| Trench sanitary | Area sanitary | Daily cover for

 Map symbol | of | landfill | landfill | landfill

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

AgB: | | | | | | |

 Allegheny-----------| 80 |Somewhat limited | |Not limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Too clayey |0.50 | | | Too clayey |0.50

 | | | | | | |

AgC: | | | | | | |

 Allegheny-----------| 80 |Somewhat limited | |Not limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Too clayey |0.50 | | | Too clayey |0.50

 | | | | | | |

AnB: | | | | | | |

 Andover-------------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | Too clayey |0.50 | | | Too clayey |0.50

 | | | | | | |

Ba: | | | | | | |

 Basher--------------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00 | Depth to |0.93

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | saturated zone |

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | Gravel content |0.04

 | | Seepage |1.00 | | | |

 | | | | | | |

BbC: | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 80 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Seepage |1.00 | Gravel content |0.61

 | | Slope |0.04 | Slope |0.04 | Seepage |0.21

 | | | | | | Slope |0.04

 | | | | | | |

BbE: | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Seepage |1.00 | Gravel content |0.61

 | | | | | | Seepage |0.21

 | | | | | | |

BcD: | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 45 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Seepage |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Gravel content |0.73

 | | | | | | Seepage |0.22

 | | | | | | |

 Calvin--------------| 40 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Seepage |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Seepage |0.52

 | | | | | | Gravel content |0.38

 | | | | | | |

BcE: | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 50 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Seepage |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Gravel content |0.73

 | | | | | | Seepage |0.22

 | | | | | | |
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

546

Table 14b.--Sanitary Facilities (Part 2)--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 |Pct.| Trench sanitary | Area sanitary | Daily cover for

 Map symbol | of | landfill | landfill | landfill

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

BcE: | | | | | | |

 Calvin--------------| 40 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Seepage |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Seepage |0.52

 | | | | | | Gravel content |0.38

 | | | | | | |

BcF: | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 50 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Seepage |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Gravel content |0.73

 | | | | | | Seepage |0.22

 | | | | | | |

 Calvin--------------| 40 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Seepage |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Seepage |0.52

 | | | | | | Gravel content |0.38

 | | | | | | |

BeB: | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 50 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Seepage |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Gravel content |0.71

 | | | | | | Seepage |0.22

 | | | | | | |

 Clearbrook----------| 45 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | Depth to |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | saturated zone |

 | | Too clayey |0.50 | | | Too clayey |0.50

 | | Content of large |0.02 | | | Content of large |0.02

 | | stones | | | | stones |

 | | | | | | |

BeC: | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 55 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Seepage |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Gravel content |0.71

 | | Slope |0.63 | Slope |0.63 | Slope |0.63

 | | | | | | Seepage |0.22

 | | | | | | |

 Clearbrook----------| 40 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | Depth to |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | saturated zone |

 | | Slope |0.63 | Slope |0.63 | Slope |0.63

 | | Too clayey |0.50 | | | Too clayey |0.50

 | | Content of large |0.02 | | | Content of large |0.02

 | | stones | | | | stones |

 | | | | | | |

BkB: | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 45 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Seepage |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Gravel content |0.71

 | | | | | | Seepage |0.22

 | | | | | | |

 Weikert-------------| 40 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Seepage |1.00 | Gravel content |1.00

 | | | | | | Seepage |0.52

 | | | | | | |
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

547

Table 14b.--Sanitary Facilities (Part 2)--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 |Pct.| Trench sanitary | Area sanitary | Daily cover for

 Map symbol | of | landfill | landfill | landfill

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

BqF: | | | | | | |

 Blackthorn----------| 80 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | | | Seepage |1.00 | Seepage |0.21

 | | | | | | Gravel content |0.02

 | | | | | | |

BrB: | | | | | | |

 Brinkerton----------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | Too clayey |0.50 | | | Too clayey |0.50

 | | | | | | |

BuB: | | | | | | |

 Buchanan------------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |0.86

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | | | | | Gravel content |0.38

 | | | | | | |

BuC: | | | | | | |

 Buchanan------------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |0.86

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | Slope |0.63 | Slope |0.63 | Slope |0.63

 | | | | | | Gravel content |0.38

 | | | | | | |

BxC: | | | | | | |

 Buchanan------------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |0.86

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | Slope |0.04 | Slope |0.04 | Gravel content |0.16

 | | | | | | Slope |0.04

 | | | | | | |

BxE: | | | | | | |

 Buchanan------------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | saturated zone | | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |0.86

 | | Slope |1.00 | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | | | | | Gravel content |0.25

 | | | | | | |

CbB: | | | | | | |

 Calvin--------------| 55 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Seepage |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Seepage |0.52

 | | | | | | Gravel content |0.38

 | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 35 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Seepage |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Gravel content |0.73

 | | | | | | Seepage |0.22

 | | | | | | |

CbC: | | | | | | |

 Calvin--------------| 50 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Seepage |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Slope |0.63

 | | Slope |0.63 | Slope |0.63 | Seepage |0.52

 | | | | | | Gravel content |0.38

 | | | | | | |
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

548

Table 14b.--Sanitary Facilities (Part 2)--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 |Pct.| Trench sanitary | Area sanitary | Daily cover for

 Map symbol | of | landfill | landfill | landfill

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

CbC: | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 35 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Seepage |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Gravel content |0.73

 | | Slope |0.63 | Slope |0.63 | Slope |0.63

 | | | | | | Seepage |0.22

 | | | | | | |

CkB: | | | | | | |

 Calvin--------------| 65 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Seepage |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Seepage |0.52

 | | | | | | Gravel content |0.38

 | | | | | | |

 Klinesville---------| 30 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Seepage |1.00 | Gravel content |1.00

 | | | | | | Seepage |0.52

 | | | | | | |

CkC: | | | | | | |

 Calvin--------------| 65 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Seepage |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Slope |0.63

 | | Slope |0.63 | Slope |0.63 | Seepage |0.52

 | | | | | | Gravel content |0.38

 | | | | | | |

 Klinesville---------| 30 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Seepage |1.00 | Gravel content |1.00

 | | Slope |0.63 | Slope |0.63 | Slope |0.63

 | | | | | | Seepage |0.52

 | | | | | | |

CkD: | | | | | | |

 Calvin--------------| 65 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Seepage |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Seepage |0.52

 | | | | | | Gravel content |0.38

 | | | | | | |

 Klinesville---------| 30 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Seepage |1.00 | Gravel content |1.00

 | | | | | | Seepage |0.52

 | | | | | | |

CkE: | | | | | | |

 Calvin--------------| 60 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Seepage |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Seepage |0.52

 | | | | | | Gravel content |0.38

 | | | | | | |

 Klinesville---------| 30 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Seepage |1.00 | Gravel content |1.00

 | | | | | | Seepage |0.52

 | | | | | | |
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

549

Table 14b.--Sanitary Facilities (Part 2)--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 |Pct.| Trench sanitary | Area sanitary | Daily cover for

 Map symbol | of | landfill | landfill | landfill

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

CkF: | | | | | | |

 Calvin--------------| 45 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Seepage |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Seepage |0.52

 | | | | | | Gravel content |0.38

 | | | | | | |

 Klinesville---------| 30 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Seepage |1.00 | Gravel content |1.00

 | | | | | | Seepage |0.52

 | | | | | | |

ClC: | | | | | | |

 Caneyville----------| 90 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Too clayey |1.00 | Slope |0.63 | Too clayey |1.00

 | | Slope |0.63 | | | Hard to compact |1.00

 | | | | | | Slope |0.63

 | | | | | | |

ClD: | | | | | | |

 Caneyville----------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Too clayey |1.00 | | | Too clayey |1.00

 | | | | | | Hard to compact |1.00

 | | | | | | |

ClE: | | | | | | |

 Caneyville----------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Too clayey |1.00 | | | Too clayey |1.00

 | | | | | | Hard to compact |1.00

 | | | | | | |

CnF: | | | | | | |

 Caneyville----------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Too clayey |1.00 | | | Too clayey |1.00

 | | | | | | Hard to compact |1.00

 | | | | | | |

CrB: | | | | | | |

 Clarksburg----------| 80 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |0.93

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | Too clayey |0.50 | | | Too clayey |0.50

 | | | | | | |

CrC: | | | | | | |

 Clarksburg----------| 80 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |0.93

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | Slope |0.63 | Slope |0.63 | Slope |0.63

 | | Too clayey |0.50 | | | Too clayey |0.50

 | | | | | | |

CvB: | | | | | | |

 Clearbrook----------| 50 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | Depth to |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | saturated zone |

 | | Too clayey |0.50 | | | Too clayey |0.50

 | | | | | | |
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

550

Table 14b.--Sanitary Facilities (Part 2)--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 |Pct.| Trench sanitary | Area sanitary | Daily cover for

 Map symbol | of | landfill | landfill | landfill

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

CvB: | | | | | | |

 Cavode--------------| 35 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | | | Too clayey |0.50

 | | Too clayey |0.50 | | | |

 | | | | | | |

Cz: | | | | | | |

 Combs---------------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00 | Seepage |0.22

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | |

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Seepage |1.00 | |

 | | | | | | |

DkC: | | | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Seepage |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Seepage |1.00

 | | Slope |0.04 | Slope |0.04 | Gravel content |0.15

 | | Content of large |0.02 | | | Slope |0.04

 | | stones | | | | Content of large |0.02

 | | | | | | stones |

 | | | | | | |

DrE: | | | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 70 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Seepage |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Seepage |1.00

 | | Content of large |0.01 | | | Gravel content |0.11

 | | stones | | | | Content of large |0.01

 | | | | | | stones |

 | | | | | | |

 Rock outcrop--------| 15 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | |

DsB: | | | | | | |

 Downsville----------| 85 |Not limited | |Not limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | | | | | Gravel content |0.21

 | | | | | | |

DsC: | | | | | | |

 Downsville----------| 80 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Slope |0.63 | Slope |0.63 | Slope |0.63

 | | | | | | Gravel content |0.22

 | | | | | | |

Dz: | | | | | | |

 Dunning-------------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00 | Ponding |1.00

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Ponding |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | | saturated zone | | Depth to |1.00 | saturated zone |

 | | Ponding |1.00 | saturated zone | | Too clayey |1.00

 | | Too clayey |1.00 | | | Hard to compact |1.00

 | | | | | | |

ErB: | | | | | | |

 Ernest--------------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | | | | | Too clayey |0.50

 | | | | | | |
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

551

Table 14b.--Sanitary Facilities (Part 2)--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 |Pct.| Trench sanitary | Area sanitary | Daily cover for

 Map symbol | of | landfill | landfill | landfill

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

ErC: | | | | | | |

 Ernest--------------| 80 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | Slope |0.63 | Slope |0.63 | Slope |0.63

 | | | | | | |

HaE: | | | | | | |

 Hazleton------------| 45 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Seepage |1.00 | Seepage |1.00

 | | Content of large |0.13 | | | Content of large |0.13

 | | stones | | | | stones |

 | | | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 40 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Seepage |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Seepage |1.00

 | | Content of large |0.02 | | | Gravel content |0.15

 | | stones | | | | Content of large |0.02

 | | | | | | stones |

 | | | | | | |

HaF: | | | | | | |

 Hazleton------------| 55 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Seepage |1.00 | Seepage |1.00

 | | Content of large |0.13 | | | Content of large |0.13

 | | stones | | | | stones |

 | | | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 25 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Seepage |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Seepage |1.00

 | | Content of large |0.02 | | | Gravel content |0.15

 | | stones | | | | Content of large |0.02

 | | | | | | stones |

 | | | | | | |

HdF: | | | | | | |

 Hazleton------------| 55 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Seepage |1.00 | Seepage |1.00

 | | Content of large |0.17 | | | Content of large |0.17

 | | stones | | | | stones |

 | | | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 25 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Seepage |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Seepage |1.00

 | | Content of large |0.03 | | | Gravel content |0.15

 | | stones | | | | Content of large |0.03

 | | | | | | stones |

 | | | | | | |

 Rock outcrop--------| 15 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | |

HeF: | | | | | | |

 Hazleton------------| 55 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Seepage |1.00 | Seepage |1.00

 | | Content of large |0.22 | | | Content of large |0.22

 | | stones | | | | stones |

 | | | | | | |
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

552

Table 14b.--Sanitary Facilities (Part 2)--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 |Pct.| Trench sanitary | Area sanitary | Daily cover for

 Map symbol | of | landfill | landfill | landfill

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

HeF: | | | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 25 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Seepage |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Seepage |1.00

 | | Content of large |0.08 | | | Gravel content |0.15

 | | stones | | | | Content of large |0.08

 | | | | | | stones |

 | | | | | | |

 Rock outcrop--------| 15 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | |

HlF: | | | | | | |

 Hazleton------------| 50 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Seepage |1.00 | Seepage |1.00

 | | Content of large |0.13 | | | Content of large |0.13

 | | stones | | | | stones |

 | | | | | | |

 Lehew---------------| 20 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Seepage |1.00 | Seepage |1.00

 | | | | | | Gravel content |0.49

 | | | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 15 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Seepage |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Seepage |1.00

 | | Content of large |0.02 | | | Gravel content |0.15

 | | stones | | | | Content of large |0.02

 | | | | | | stones |

 | | | | | | |

Ho: | | | | | | |

 Holly---------------| 80 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00 | Ponding |1.00

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Ponding |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | | saturated zone | | Depth to |1.00 | saturated zone |

 | | Ponding |1.00 | saturated zone | | Seepage |0.22

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Seepage |1.00 | |

 | | | | | | |

HwB: | | | | | | |

 Hustontown----------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | Too clayey |0.50 | | | Too clayey |0.50

 | | | | | | |

Ln: | | | | | | |

 Lindside------------| 80 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00 | Depth to |0.68

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | saturated zone |

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | Too clayey |0.50

 | | Seepage |1.00 | | | |

 | | Too clayey |0.50 | | | |

 | | | | | | |

LzC: | | | | | | |

 Litz----------------| 90 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Slope |0.50 | Slope |0.50 | Gravel content |0.95

 | | | | | | Slope |0.50

 | | | | | | |
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

553

Table 14b.--Sanitary Facilities (Part 2)--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 |Pct.| Trench sanitary | Area sanitary | Daily cover for

 Map symbol | of | landfill | landfill | landfill

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

LzD: | | | | | | |

 Litz----------------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | | | | | Gravel content |0.95

 | | | | | | |

LzE: | | | | | | |

 Litz----------------| 80 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | | | | | Gravel content |0.95

 | | | | | | |

LzF: | | | | | | |

 Litz----------------| 80 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | | | | | Gravel content |0.95

 | | | | | | |

Me: | | | | | | |

 Melvin--------------| 90 |Not rated | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | | | Flooding |1.00 | Ponding |1.00

 | | | | Ponding |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | | | | Depth to |1.00 | saturated zone |

 | | | | saturated zone | | Too clayey |0.50

 | | | | | | |

MhA: | | | | | | |

 Monongahela---------| 80 |Very limited | |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |0.94 | Depth to |0.96

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | | | | | |

MhB: | | | | | | |

 Monongahela---------| 85 |Very limited | |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |0.94 | Depth to |0.96

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | | | | | |

MhC: | | | | | | |

 Monongahela---------| 80 |Very limited | |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |0.94 | Depth to |0.96

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | Slope |0.63 | Slope |0.63 | Slope |0.63

 | | | | | | |

MrC: | | | | | | |

 Murrill-------------| 90 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Slope |0.63 | Slope |0.63 | Slope |0.63

 | | Too clayey |0.50 | | | Too clayey |0.50

 | | | | | | Gravel content |0.05

 | | | | | | |

MrD: | | | | | | |

 Murrill-------------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Too clayey |0.50 | | | Too clayey |0.50

 | | | | | | Gravel content |0.05

 | | | | | | |

MsC: | | | | | | |

 Murrill-------------| 85 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Slope |0.04 | Slope |0.04 | Slope |0.04

 | | | | | | Gravel content |0.01

 | | | | | | |
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

554

Table 14b.--Sanitary Facilities (Part 2)--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 |Pct.| Trench sanitary | Area sanitary | Daily cover for

 Map symbol | of | landfill | landfill | landfill

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

MsE: | | | | | | |

 Murrill-------------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | | | | | Gravel content |0.01

 | | | | | | |

Pg: | | | | | | |

 Philo---------------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00 | Depth to |0.68

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | saturated zone |

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | Gravel content |0.16

 | | Seepage |1.00 | | | |

 | | | | | | |

Ph: | | | | | | |

 Philo---------------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00 | Depth to |0.68

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | saturated zone |

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | | | |

 | | | | | | |

Ps: | | | | | | |

 Pope----------------| 90 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00 | Seepage |0.22

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | |

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Seepage |1.00 | |

 | | | | | | |

Px: | | | | | | |

 Pope----------------| 90 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00 | Seepage |0.22

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | |

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Seepage |1.00 | |

 | | | | | | |

Pz: | | | | | | |

 Pope----------------| 50 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00 | Seepage |0.52

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Too sandy |0.50

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | Gravel content |0.02

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Seepage |1.00 | |

 | | Too sandy |0.50 | | | |

 | | | | | | |

 Philo---------------| 30 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00 | Depth to |0.86

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | saturated zone |

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | Seepage |0.52

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Seepage |1.00 | Gravel content |0.01

 | | | | | | |

Qm: | | | | | | |

 Quarry, limestone---| 97 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | |

Qo: | | | | | | |

 Quarry, sandstone---| 95 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | |

Qs: | | | | | | |

 Quarry, shale-------| 96 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | |

ReG: | | | | | | |

 Rock outcrop--------| 50 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | |
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

555

Table 14b.--Sanitary Facilities (Part 2)--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 |Pct.| Trench sanitary | Area sanitary | Daily cover for

 Map symbol | of | landfill | landfill | landfill

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

ReG: | | | | | | |

 Opequon-------------| 40 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Too clayey |1.00 | Seepage |1.00 | Too clayey |1.00

 | | | | | | Hard to compact |1.00

 | | | | | | Gravel content |0.01

 | | | | | | |

RgG: | | | | | | |

 Rock outcrop--------| 50 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | |

 Rough---------------| 45 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Seepage |1.00 | | | Seepage |1.00

 | | | | | | Gravel content |1.00

 | | | | | | |

RuD: | | | | | | |

 Rushtown------------| 90 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Seepage |1.00 | Seepage |1.00

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | | | | | Gravel content |1.00

 | | | | | | |

RuF: | | | | | | |

 Rushtown------------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Seepage |1.00 | Seepage |1.00

 | | | | | | Gravel content |1.00

 | | | | | | |

ShC: | | | | | | |

 Schaffenaker--------| 80 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Seepage |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Seepage |1.00

 | | Too sandy |0.50 | Slope |0.04 | Too sandy |0.50

 | | Slope |0.04 | | | Slope |0.04

 | | | | | | |

SkF: | | | | | | |

 Schaffenaker--------| 45 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Seepage |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Seepage |1.00

 | | Too sandy |0.50 | | | Too sandy |0.50

 | | | | | | |

 Rock outcrop--------| 40 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | |

SnE: | | | | | | |

 Schaffenaker--------| 45 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Seepage |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Seepage |1.00

 | | Too sandy |0.50 | | | Too sandy |0.50

 | | | | | | |

 Vanderlip-----------| 40 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Seepage |1.00 | Too sandy |1.00

 | | Too sandy |1.00 | | | Seepage |1.00

 | | | | | | |
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

556

Table 14b.--Sanitary Facilities (Part 2)--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 |Pct.| Trench sanitary | Area sanitary | Daily cover for

 Map symbol | of | landfill | landfill | landfill

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

SnF: | | | | | | |

 Schaffenaker--------| 40 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Seepage |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Seepage |1.00

 | | Too sandy |0.50 | | | Too sandy |0.50

 | | | | | | |

 Vanderlip-----------| 40 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Seepage |1.00 | Too sandy |1.00

 | | Too sandy |1.00 | | | Seepage |1.00

 | | | | | | |

SxC: | | | | | | |

 Sideling------------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |0.14

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | Slope |0.04 | Slope |0.04 | Slope |0.04

 | | | | | | |

SxE: | | | | | | |

 Sideling------------| 80 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | saturated zone | | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |0.14

 | | Slope |1.00 | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | | | | | |

SyE: | | | | | | |

 Sideling------------| 80 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | saturated zone | | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |0.14

 | | Slope |1.00 | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | Content of large |0.02 | | | Content of large |0.02

 | | stones | | | | stones |

 | | | | | | |

Ta: | | | | | | |

 Tioga---------------| 90 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00 | Seepage |0.21

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Gravel content |0.13

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Seepage |1.00 | |

 | | | | | | |

TyA: | | | | | | |

 Tygart--------------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | Too clayey |1.00 | | | Too clayey |1.00

 | | | | | | Hard to compact |1.00

 | | | | | | |

Ua: | | | | | | |

 Udorthents----------| 95 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | |

Uu: | | | | | | |

 Urban land----------| 45 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | |

 Udorthents----------| 45 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | |

WaB: | | | | | | |

 Weikert-------------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Seepage |1.00 | | | Gravel content |0.54

 | | | | | | Seepage |0.12

 | | | | | | |
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

557

Table 14b.--Sanitary Facilities (Part 2)--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 |Pct.| Trench sanitary | Area sanitary | Daily cover for

 Map symbol | of | landfill | landfill | landfill

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

WaC: | | | | | | |

 Weikert-------------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Slope |0.63 | Slope |0.63

 | | Slope |0.63 | | | Gravel content |0.50

 | | | | | | Seepage |0.12

 | | | | | | |

WbC: | | | | | | |

 Weikert-------------| 45 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Seepage |1.00 | Gravel content |1.00

 | | Slope |0.63 | Slope |0.63 | Slope |0.63

 | | | | | | Seepage |0.52

 | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 40 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Seepage |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Gravel content |0.71

 | | Slope |0.63 | Slope |0.63 | Slope |0.63

 | | | | | | Seepage |0.22

 | | | | | | |

WbD: | | | | | | |

 Weikert-------------| 50 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Seepage |1.00 | Gravel content |0.89

 | | | | | | Seepage |0.52

 | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 35 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Seepage |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Gravel content |0.73

 | | | | | | Seepage |0.22

 | | | | | | |

WkF: | | | | | | |

 Weikert-------------| 50 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Seepage |1.00 | | | Gravel content |1.00

 | | | | | | Seepage |0.52

 | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 35 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Seepage |1.00 | Gravel content |0.92

 | | | | | | Seepage |0.22

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

558

Table 15a.--Construction Materials (Part 1)

(The information in this table indicates the dominant soil condition but does

 not eliminate the need for onsite investigation. The ratings given for

 the thickest layer are for the thickest layer above and excluding the

 bottom layer. The numbers in the value columns range from 0.00 to 0.99.

 The greater the value, the greater the likelihood that the bottom layer

 or thickest layer of the soil is a source of sand or gravel. See text

 for further explanation of ratings in this table.)

______________________________________________________________________________

 | | |

 |Pct.| Potential source of | Potential source of

 Map symbol | of | gravel | sand

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class |Value| Rating class |Value

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | |

AgB: | | | | |

 Allegheny-----------| 80 |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00

 | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00

 | | | | |

AgC: | | | | |

 Allegheny-----------| 80 |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00

 | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00

 | | | | |

AnB: | | | | |

 Andover-------------| 75 |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00

 | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00

 | | | | |

Ba: | | | | |

 Basher--------------| 75 |Poor | |Fair |

 | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00

 | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.02

 | | | | |

BbC: | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 80 |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00

 | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00

 | | | | |

BbE: | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 75 |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00

 | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00

 | | | | |

BcD: | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 45 |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00

 | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00

 | | | | |

 Calvin--------------| 40 |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00

 | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00

 | | | | |

BcE: | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 50 |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00

 | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00

 | | | | |

 Calvin--------------| 40 |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00

 | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00

 | | | | |

BcF: | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 50 |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00

 | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00

 | | | | |
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

559

Table 15a.--Construction Materials (Part 1)--Continued

______________________________________________________________________________

 | | |

 |Pct.| Potential source of | Potential source of

 Map symbol | of | gravel | sand

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class |Value| Rating class |Value

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | |

BcF: | | | | |

 Calvin--------------| 40 |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00

 | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00

 | | | | |

BeB: | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 50 |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00

 | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00

 | | | | |

 Clearbrook----------| 45 |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00

 | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00

 | | | | |

BeC: | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 55 |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00

 | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00

 | | | | |

 Clearbrook----------| 40 |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00

 | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00

 | | | | |

BkB: | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 45 |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00

 | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00

 | | | | |

 Weikert-------------| 40 |Fair | |Poor |

 | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00

 | | Bottom layer |0.38 | Thickest layer |0.00

 | | | | |

BqF: | | | | |

 Blackthorn----------| 80 |Poor | |Fair |

 | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00

 | | Thickest layer | | Thickest layer |0.04

 | | | | |

BrB: | | | | |

 Brinkerton----------| 85 |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00

 | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00

 | | | | |

BuB: | | | | |

 Buchanan------------| 85 |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00

 | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00

 | | | | |

BuC: | | | | |

 Buchanan------------| 85 |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00

 | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00

 | | | | |

BxC: | | | | |

 Buchanan------------| 85 |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00

 | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00

 | | | | |

BxE: | | | | |

 Buchanan------------| 85 |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00

 | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00

 | | | | |
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

560

Table 15a.--Construction Materials (Part 1)--Continued

______________________________________________________________________________

 | | |

 |Pct.| Potential source of | Potential source of

 Map symbol | of | gravel | sand

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class |Value| Rating class |Value

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | |

CbB: | | | | |

 Calvin--------------| 55 |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00

 | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00

 | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 35 |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00

 | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00

 | | | | |

CbC: | | | | |

 Calvin--------------| 50 |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00

 | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00

 | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 35 |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00

 | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00

 | | | | |

CkB: | | | | |

 Calvin--------------| 65 |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00

 | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00

 | | | | |

 Klinesville---------| 30 |Fair | |Poor |

 | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00

 | | Bottom layer |0.31 | Bottom layer |0.00

 | | | | |

CkC: | | | | |

 Calvin--------------| 65 |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00

 | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00

 | | | | |

 Klinesville---------| 30 |Fair | |Poor |

 | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00

 | | Bottom layer |0.31 | Thickest layer |0.00

 | | | | |

CkD: | | | | |

 Calvin--------------| 65 |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00

 | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00

 | | | | |

 Klinesville---------| 30 |Fair | |Poor |

 | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00

 | | Bottom layer |0.31 | Thickest layer |0.00

 | | | | |

CkE: | | | | |

 Calvin--------------| 60 |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00

 | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00

 | | | | |

 Klinesville---------| 30 |Fair | |Poor |

 | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00

 | | Bottom layer |0.31 | Bottom layer |0.00

 | | | | |

CkF: | | | | |

 Calvin--------------| 45 |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00

 | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00

 | | | | |

 Klinesville---------| 30 |Fair | |Poor |

 | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00

 | | Bottom layer |0.31 | Thickest layer |0.00

 | | | | |
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

561

Table 15a.--Construction Materials (Part 1)--Continued

______________________________________________________________________________

 | | |

 |Pct.| Potential source of | Potential source of

 Map symbol | of | gravel | sand

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class |Value| Rating class |Value

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | |

ClC: | | | | |

 Caneyville----------| 90 |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00

 | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00

 | | | | |

ClD: | | | | |

 Caneyville----------| 85 |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00

 | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00

 | | | | |

ClE: | | | | |

 Caneyville----------| 85 |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00

 | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00

 | | | | |

CnF: | | | | |

 Caneyville----------| 85 |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00

 | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00

 | | | | |

CrB: | | | | |

 Clarksburg----------| 80 |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00

 | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00

 | | | | |

CrC: | | | | |

 Clarksburg----------| 80 |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00

 | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00

 | | | | |

CvB: | | | | |

 Clearbrook----------| 50 |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00

 | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00

 | | | | |

 Cavode--------------| 35 |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00

 | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00

 | | | | |

Cz: | | | | |

 Combs---------------| 85 |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00

 | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00

 | | | | |

DkC: | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 85 |Poor | |Fair |

 | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00

 | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.03

 | | | | |

DrE: | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 70 |Poor | |Fair |

 | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Content of |0.00

 | | Content of |0.00 | organic matter |

 | | organic matter | | Bottom layer |0.04

 | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.04

 | | | | |

 Rock outcrop--------| 15 |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | |

DsB: | | | | |

 Downsville----------| 85 |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00

 | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00

 | | | | |
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

562

Table 15a.--Construction Materials (Part 1)--Continued

______________________________________________________________________________

 | | |

 |Pct.| Potential source of | Potential source of

 Map symbol | of | gravel | sand

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class |Value| Rating class |Value

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | |

DsC: | | | | |

 Downsville----------| 80 |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00

 | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00

 | | | | |

Dz: | | | | |

 Dunning-------------| 85 |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00

 | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00

 | | | | |

ErB: | | | | |

 Ernest--------------| 85 |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00

 | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00

 | | | | |

ErC: | | | | |

 Ernest--------------| 80 |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00

 | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00

 | | | | |

HaE: | | | | |

 Hazleton------------| 45 |Poor | |Fair |

 | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00

 | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.03

 | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 40 |Poor | |Fair |

 | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00

 | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.03

 | | | | |

HaF: | | | | |

 Hazleton------------| 55 |Poor | |Fair |

 | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00

 | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.03

 | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 25 |Poor | |Fair |

 | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00

 | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.03

 | | | | |

HdF: | | | | |

 Hazleton------------| 55 |Poor | |Fair |

 | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.04

 | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.06

 | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 25 |Poor | |Fair |

 | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00

 | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.03

 | | | | |

 Rock outcrop--------| 15 |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | |

HeF: | | | | |

 Hazleton------------| 55 |Poor | |Fair |

 | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.04

 | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.06

 | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 25 |Poor | |Fair |

 | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00

 | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.03

 | | | | |

 Rock outcrop--------| 15 |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | |
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

563

Table 15a.--Construction Materials (Part 1)--Continued

______________________________________________________________________________

 | | |

 |Pct.| Potential source of | Potential source of

 Map symbol | of | gravel | sand

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class |Value| Rating class |Value

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | |

HlF: | | | | |

 Hazleton------------| 50 |Poor | |Fair |

 | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00

 | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.03

 | | | | |

 Lehew---------------| 20 |Poor | |Fair |

 | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00

 | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.02

 | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 15 |Poor | |Fair |

 | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00

 | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.03

 | | | | |

Ho: | | | | |

 Holly---------------| 80 |Poor | |Fair |

 | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00

 | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.03

 | | | | |

HwB: | | | | |

 Hustontown----------| 85 |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00

 | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00

 | | | | |

Ln: | | | | |

 Lindside------------| 80 |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00

 | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00

 | | | | |

LzC: | | | | |

 Litz----------------| 90 |Fair | |Poor |

 | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00

 | | Bottom layer |0.12 | Thickest layer |0.00

 | | | | |

LzD: | | | | |

 Litz----------------| 85 |Fair | |Poor |

 | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00

 | | Bottom layer |0.12 | Thickest layer |0.00

 | | | | |

LzE: | | | | |

 Litz----------------| 80 |Fair | |Poor |

 | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00

 | | Bottom layer |0.12 | Bottom layer |0.00

 | | | | |

LzF: | | | | |

 Litz----------------| 80 |Fair | |Poor |

 | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00

 | | Bottom layer |0.12 | Thickest layer |0.00

 | | | | |

Me: | | | | |

 Melvin--------------| 90 |Poor | |Fair |

 | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00

 | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.03

 | | | | |

MhA: | | | | |

 Monongahela---------| 80 |Poor | |Fair |

 | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00

 | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.04

 | | | | |

MhB: | | | | |

 Monongahela---------| 85 |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00

 | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00

 | | | | |
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

564

Table 15a.--Construction Materials (Part 1)--Continued

______________________________________________________________________________

 | | |

 |Pct.| Potential source of | Potential source of

 Map symbol | of | gravel | sand

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class |Value| Rating class |Value

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | |

MhC: | | | | |

 Monongahela---------| 80 |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00

 | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00

 | | | | |

MrC: | | | | |

 Murrill-------------| 90 |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00

 | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00

 | | | | |

MrD: | | | | |

 Murrill-------------| 85 |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00

 | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00

 | | | | |

MsC: | | | | |

 Murrill-------------| 85 |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00

 | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00

 | | | | |

MsE: | | | | |

 Murrill-------------| 85 |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00

 | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00

 | | | | |

Pg: | | | | |

 Philo---------------| 75 |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00

 | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00

 | | | | |

Ph: | | | | |

 Philo---------------| 75 |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00

 | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00

 | | | | |

Ps: | | | | |

 Pope----------------| 90 |Poor | |Fair |

 | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00

 | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.04

 | | | | |

Px: | | | | |

 Pope----------------| 90 |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00

 | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00

 | | | | |

Pz: | | | | |

 Pope----------------| 50 |Poor | |Fair |

 | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00

 | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.12

 | | | | |

 Philo---------------| 30 |Poor | |Fair |

 | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.01

 | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.01

 | | | | |

Qm: | | | | |

 Quarry, limestone---| 97 |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | |

Qo: | | | | |

 Quarry, sandstone---| 95 |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | |

Qs: | | | | |

 Quarry, shale-------| 96 |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | |
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

565

Table 15a.--Construction Materials (Part 1)--Continued

______________________________________________________________________________

 | | |

 |Pct.| Potential source of | Potential source of

 Map symbol | of | gravel | sand

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class |Value| Rating class |Value

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | |

ReG: | | | | |

 Rock outcrop--------| 50 |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | |

 Opequon-------------| 40 |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00

 | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00

 | | | | |

RgG: | | | | |

 Rock outcrop--------| 50 |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | |

 Rough---------------| 45 |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00

 | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00

 | | | | |

RuD: | | | | |

 Rushtown------------| 90 |Fair | |Poor |

 | | Thickest layer |0.12 | Thickest layer |0.00

 | | Bottom layer |0.69 | Bottom layer |0.00

 | | | | |

RuF: | | | | |

 Rushtown------------| 85 |Fair | |Poor |

 | | Thickest layer |0.12 | Bottom layer |0.00

 | | Bottom layer |0.69 | Thickest layer |0.00

 | | | | |

ShC: | | | | |

 Schaffenaker--------| 80 |Poor | |Fair |

 | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.08

 | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.08

 | | | | |

SkF: | | | | |

 Schaffenaker--------| 45 |Poor | |Fair |

 | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.08

 | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.08

 | | | | |

 Rock outcrop--------| 40 |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | |

SnE: | | | | |

 Schaffenaker--------| 45 |Poor | |Fair |

 | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.08

 | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.08

 | | | | |

 Vanderlip-----------| 40 |Poor | |Fair |

 | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00

 | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.30

 | | | | |

SnF: | | | | |

 Schaffenaker--------| 40 |Poor | |Fair |

 | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.08

 | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.08

 | | | | |

 Vanderlip-----------| 40 |Poor | |Fair |

 | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00

 | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.30

 | | | | |

SxC: | | | | |

 Sideling------------| 85 |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00

 | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00

 | | | | |

SxE: | | | | |

 Sideling------------| 80 |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00

 | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

566

Table 15a.--Construction Materials (Part 1)--Continued

______________________________________________________________________________

 | | |

 |Pct.| Potential source of | Potential source of

 Map symbol | of | gravel | sand

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class |Value| Rating class |Value

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | |

SyE: | | | | |

 Sideling------------| 80 |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00

 | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00

 | | | | |

Ta: | | | | |

 Tioga---------------| 90 |Fair | |Fair |

 | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.02

 | | Bottom layer |0.50 | Bottom layer |0.10

 | | | | |

TyA: | | | | |

 Tygart--------------| 85 |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00

 | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00

 | | | | |

Ua: | | | | |

 Udorthents----------| 95 |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | |

Uu: | | | | |

 Urban land----------| 45 |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | |

 Udorthents----------| 45 |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | |

WaB: | | | | |

 Weikert-------------| 85 |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00

 | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00

 | | | | |

WaC: | | | | |

 Weikert-------------| 85 |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00

 | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00

 | | | | |

WbC: | | | | |

 Weikert-------------| 45 |Fair | |Poor |

 | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00

 | | Bottom layer |0.38 | Thickest layer |0.00

 | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 40 |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00

 | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00

 | | | | |

WbD: | | | | |

 Weikert-------------| 50 |Fair | |Poor |

 | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00

 | | Bottom layer |0.38 | Thickest layer |0.00

 | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 35 |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00

 | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00

 | | | | |

WkF: | | | | |

 Weikert-------------| 50 |Fair | |Poor |

 | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00

 | | Bottom layer |0.31 | Bottom layer |0.00

 | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 35 |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00

 | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

567

Table 15b.--Construction Materials (Part 2)

(The information in this table indicates the dominant soil condition but does not eliminate the need

 for onsite investigation. The numbers in the value columns range from 0.00 to 0.99. The smaller

 the value, the greater the limitation. See text for further explanation of ratings in this table.)

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 |Pct.| Potential source of | Potential source of | Potential source of

 Map symbol | of | reclamation material | roadfill | topsoil

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

AgB: | | | | | | |

 Allegheny-----------| 80 |Fair | |Poor | |Fair |

 | | Low content of |0.12 | Low strength |0.00 | Rock fragments |0.50

 | | organic matter | | | | Too acid |0.88

 | | Too acid |0.32 | | | |

 | | | | | | |

AgC: | | | | | | |

 Allegheny-----------| 80 |Fair | |Poor | |Fair |

 | | Low content of |0.12 | Low strength |0.00 | Rock fragments |0.50

 | | organic matter | | | | Too acid |0.88

 | | Too acid |0.32 | | | |

 | | | | | | |

AnB: | | | | | | |

 Andover-------------| 75 |Fair | |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Low content of |0.12 | Depth to |0.00 | Depth to |0.00

 | | organic matter | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | Too acid |0.32 | Low strength |0.00 | Rock fragments |0.12

 | | | | | | Hard to reclaim |0.24

 | | | | | | Too acid |0.88

 | | | | | | |

Ba: | | | | | | |

 Basher--------------| 75 |Fair | |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Too acid |0.20 | Low strength |0.00 | Rock fragments |0.00

 | | Low content of |0.32 | Depth to |0.38 | Hard to reclaim |0.08

 | | organic matter | | saturated zone | | Depth to |0.38

 | | | | | | saturated zone |

 | | | | | | |

BbC: | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 80 |Poor | |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Droughty |0.00 | Depth to bedrock |0.00 | Rock fragments |0.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.10 | Low strength |0.00 | Depth to bedrock |0.10

 | | Low content of |0.12 | | | Too acid |0.59

 | | organic matter | | | | Slope |0.96

 | | Too acid |0.50 | | | |

 | | | | | | |

BbE: | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 75 |Poor | |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Droughty |0.00 | Depth to bedrock |0.00 | Slope |0.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.10 | Low strength |0.00 | Rock fragments |0.00

 | | Low content of |0.12 | Slope |0.00 | Depth to bedrock |0.10

 | | organic matter | | | | Too acid |0.59

 | | Too acid |0.50 | | | |

 | | | | | | |

BcD: | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 45 |Poor | |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Droughty |0.00 | Depth to bedrock |0.00 | Rock fragments |0.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.05 | Low strength |0.00 | Slope |0.00

 | | Low content of |0.12 | Slope |0.50 | Depth to bedrock |0.05

 | | organic matter | | | | Too acid |0.59

 | | Too acid |0.50 | | | |

 | | | | | | |
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

568

Table 15b.--Construction Materials (Part 2)--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 |Pct.| Potential source of | Potential source of | Potential source of

 Map symbol | of | reclamation material | roadfill | topsoil

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

BcD: | | | | | | |

 Calvin--------------| 40 |Poor | |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Droughty |0.00 | Depth to bedrock |0.00 | Slope |0.00

 | | Low content of |0.12 | Low strength |0.00 | Rock fragments |0.03

 | | organic matter | | Slope |0.50 | Depth to bedrock |0.21

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.21 | | | Too acid |0.98

 | | Too acid |0.54 | | | |

 | | | | | | |

BcE: | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 50 |Poor | |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Droughty |0.00 | Depth to bedrock |0.00 | Slope |0.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.05 | Slope |0.00 | Rock fragments |0.00

 | | Low content of |0.12 | Low strength |0.00 | Depth to bedrock |0.05

 | | organic matter | | | | Too acid |0.59

 | | Too acid |0.50 | | | |

 | | | | | | |

 Calvin--------------| 40 |Poor | |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Droughty |0.00 | Slope |0.00 | Slope |0.00

 | | Low content of |0.12 | Low strength |0.00 | Rock fragments |0.03

 | | organic matter | | Depth to bedrock |0.00 | Depth to bedrock |0.21

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.21 | | | Too acid |0.98

 | | Too acid |0.54 | | | |

 | | | | | | |

BcF: | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 50 |Poor | |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Droughty |0.00 | Slope |0.00 | Slope |0.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.05 | Low strength |0.00 | Rock fragments |0.00

 | | Low content of |0.12 | Depth to bedrock |0.00 | Depth to bedrock |0.05

 | | organic matter | | | | Too acid |0.59

 | | Too acid |0.50 | | | |

 | | | | | | |

 Calvin--------------| 40 |Poor | |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Droughty |0.00 | Depth to bedrock |0.00 | Slope |0.00

 | | Low content of |0.12 | Slope |0.00 | Rock fragments |0.03

 | | organic matter | | Low strength |0.00 | Depth to bedrock |0.21

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.21 | | | Too acid |0.98

 | | Too acid |0.54 | | | |

 | | | | | | |

BeB: | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 50 |Poor | |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Droughty |0.00 | Depth to bedrock |0.00 | Rock fragments |0.00

 | | Low content of |0.12 | Low strength |0.00 | Depth to bedrock |0.16

 | | organic matter | | | | Too acid |0.59

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.16 | | | |

 | | Too acid |0.50 | | | |

 | | | | | | |

 Clearbrook----------| 45 |Poor | |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Droughty |0.00 | Depth to bedrock |0.00 | Depth to |0.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.03 | Depth to |0.00 | saturated zone |0.00

 | | Low content of |0.12 | saturated zone | | Rock fragments |0.00

 | | organic matter | | Low strength |0.00 | Depth to bedrock |0.03

 | | Too acid |0.50 | Cobble content |0.65 | Too acid |0.88

 | | Cobble content |0.98 | Shrink-swell |0.87 | |

 | | | | | | |

BeC: | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 55 |Poor | |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Droughty |0.00 | Depth to bedrock |0.00 | Rock fragments |0.00

 | | Low content of |0.12 | Low strength |0.00 | Depth to bedrock |0.16

 | | organic matter | | | | Slope |0.37

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.16 | | | Too acid |0.59

 | | Too acid |0.50 | | | |

 | | | | | | |
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

569

Table 15b.--Construction Materials (Part 2)--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 |Pct.| Potential source of | Potential source of | Potential source of

 Map symbol | of | reclamation material | roadfill | topsoil

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

BeC: | | | | | | |

 Clearbrook----------| 40 |Poor | |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Droughty |0.00 | Depth to bedrock |0.00 | Depth to |0.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.03 | Depth to |0.00 | saturated zone |

 | | Low content of |0.12 | saturated zone | | Rock fragments |0.00

 | | organic matter | | Low strength |0.00 | Depth to bedrock |0.03

 | | Too acid |0.50 | Cobble content |0.65 | Slope |0.37

 | | Cobble content |0.98 | Shrink-swell |0.87 | Too acid |0.88

 | | | | | | |

BkB: | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 45 |Poor | |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Droughty |0.00 | Depth to bedrock |0.00 | Rock fragments |0.00

 | | Low content of |0.12 | Low strength |0.00 | Depth to bedrock |0.16

 | | organic matter | | | | Too acid |0.59

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.16 | | | |

 | | Too acid |0.50 | | | |

 | | | | | | |

 Weikert-------------| 40 |Poor | |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.00 | Depth to bedrock |0.00 | Rock fragments |0.00

 | | Droughty |0.00 | Low strength |0.00 | Depth to bedrock |0.00

 | | Low content of |0.12 | | | Too acid |0.50

 | | organic matter | | | | |

 | | Too acid |0.50 | | | |

 | | | | | | |

BqF: | | | | | | |

 Blackthorn----------| 80 |Poor | |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Too acid |0.00 | Slope |0.00 | Rock fragments |0.00

 | | Low content of |0.68 | Low strength |0.00 | Slope |0.00

 | | organic matter | | Cobble content |0.99 | Too acid |0.98

 | | | | | | |

BrB: | | | | | | |

 Brinkerton----------| 85 |Fair | |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Low content of |0.12 | Depth to |0.00 | Depth to |0.00

 | | organic matter | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | Too acid |0.54 | Low strength |0.00 | Hard to reclaim |0.00

 | | Water erosion |0.99 | Shrink-swell |0.98 | Rock fragments |0.50

 | | | | | | Too acid |0.98

 | | | | | | |

BuB: | | | | | | |

 Buchanan------------| 85 |Fair | |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Low content of |0.12 | Low strength |0.00 | Rock fragments |0.00

 | | organic matter | | Depth to |0.53 | Hard to reclaim |0.08

 | | Too acid |0.50 | saturated zone | | Depth to |0.53

 | | | | | | saturated zone |

 | | | | | | Too acid |0.76

 | | | | | | |

BuC: | | | | | | |

 Buchanan------------| 85 |Fair | |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Low content of |0.12 | Low strength |0.00 | Rock fragments |0.00

 | | organic matter | | Depth to |0.53 | Hard to reclaim |0.08

 | | Too acid |0.50 | saturated zone | | Slope |0.37

 | | | | | | Depth to |0.53

 | | | | | | saturated zone |

 | | | | | | Too acid |0.76

 | | | | | | |
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

570

Table 15b.--Construction Materials (Part 2)--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 |Pct.| Potential source of | Potential source of | Potential source of

 Map symbol | of | reclamation material | roadfill | topsoil

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

BxC: | | | | | | |

 Buchanan------------| 85 |Fair | |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Low content of |0.12 | Low strength |0.00 | Rock fragments |0.00

 | | organic matter | | Depth to |0.53 | Hard to reclaim |0.08

 | | Too acid |0.50 | saturated zone | | Too acid |0.50

 | | | | | | Depth to |0.53

 | | | | | | saturated zone |

 | | | | | | Slope |0.96

 | | | | | | |

BxE: | | | | | | |

 Buchanan------------| 85 |Fair | |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Low content of |0.12 | Low strength |0.00 | Slope |0.00

 | | organic matter | | Slope |0.00 | Rock fragments |0.00

 | | Too acid |0.50 | Depth to |0.53 | Hard to reclaim |0.08

 | | | | saturated zone | | Too acid |0.50

 | | | | | | Depth to |0.53

 | | | | | | saturated zone |

 | | | | | | |

CbB: | | | | | | |

 Calvin--------------| 55 |Poor | |Poor | |Fair |

 | | Droughty |0.00 | Depth to bedrock |0.00 | Rock fragments |0.03

 | | Low content of |0.12 | Low strength |0.00 | Depth to bedrock |0.21

 | | organic matter | | | | Too acid |0.98

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.21 | | | |

 | | Too acid |0.54 | | | |

 | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 35 |Poor | |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Droughty |0.00 | Depth to bedrock |0.00 | Rock fragments |0.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.05 | Low strength |0.00 | Depth to bedrock |0.05

 | | Low content of |0.12 | | | Too acid |0.59

 | | organic matter | | | | |

 | | Too acid |0.50 | | | |

 | | | | | | |

CbC: | | | | | | |

 Calvin--------------| 50 |Poor | |Poor | |Fair |

 | | Droughty |0.00 | Depth to bedrock |0.00 | Rock fragments |0.03

 | | Low content of |0.12 | Low strength |0.00 | Depth to bedrock |0.21

 | | organic matter | | | | Slope |0.37

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.21 | | | Too acid |0.98

 | | Too acid |0.54 | | | |

 | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 35 |Poor | |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Droughty |0.00 | Low strength |0.00 | Rock fragments |0.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.05 | Depth to bedrock |0.00 | Depth to bedrock |0.05

 | | Low content of |0.12 | | | Slope |0.37

 | | organic matter | | | | Too acid |0.59

 | | Too acid |0.50 | | | |

 | | | | | | |

CkB: | | | | | | |

 Calvin--------------| 65 |Poor | |Poor | |Fair |

 | | Droughty |0.00 | Depth to bedrock |0.00 | Rock fragments |0.03

 | | Low content of |0.12 | Low strength |0.00 | Depth to bedrock |0.21

 | | organic matter | | | | Too acid |0.98

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.21 | | | |

 | | Too acid |0.54 | | | |

 | | | | | | |
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

571

Table 15b.--Construction Materials (Part 2)--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 |Pct.| Potential source of | Potential source of | Potential source of

 Map symbol | of | reclamation material | roadfill | topsoil

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

CkB: | | | | | | |

 Klinesville---------| 30 |Poor | |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.00 | Depth to bedrock |0.00 | Rock fragments |0.00

 | | Droughty |0.00 | Low strength |0.00 | Depth to bedrock |0.00

 | | Low content of |0.12 | | | Too acid |0.98

 | | organic matter | | | | |

 | | Too acid |0.54 | | | |

 | | | | | | |

CkC: | | | | | | |

 Calvin--------------| 65 |Poor | |Poor | |Fair |

 | | Droughty |0.00 | Depth to bedrock |0.00 | Rock fragments |0.03

 | | Low content of |0.12 | Low strength |0.00 | Depth to bedrock |0.21

 | | organic matter | | | | Slope |0.37

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.21 | | | Too acid |0.98

 | | Too acid |0.54 | | | |

 | | | | | | |

 Klinesville---------| 30 |Poor | |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.00 | Depth to bedrock |0.00 | Rock fragments |0.00

 | | Droughty |0.00 | Low strength |0.00 | Depth to bedrock |0.00

 | | Low content of |0.12 | | | Slope |0.37

 | | organic matter | | | | Too acid |0.98

 | | Too acid |0.54 | | | |

 | | | | | | |

CkD: | | | | | | |

 Calvin--------------| 65 |Poor | |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Droughty |0.00 | Low strength |0.00 | Slope |0.00

 | | Low content of |0.12 | Depth to bedrock |0.00 | Rock fragments |0.03

 | | organic matter | | Slope |0.50 | Depth to bedrock |0.21

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.21 | | | Too acid |0.98

 | | Too acid |0.54 | | | |

 | | | | | | |

 Klinesville---------| 30 |Poor | |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Droughty |0.00 | Low strength |0.00 | Slope |0.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.00 | Depth to bedrock |0.00 | Rock fragments |0.00

 | | Low content of |0.12 | Slope |0.50 | Depth to bedrock |0.00

 | | organic matter | | | | Too acid |0.98

 | | Too acid |0.54 | | | |

 | | | | | | |

CkE: | | | | | | |

 Calvin--------------| 60 |Poor | |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Droughty |0.00 | Depth to bedrock |0.00 | Slope |0.00

 | | Low content of |0.12 | Slope |0.00 | Rock fragments |0.03

 | | organic matter | | Low strength |0.00 | Depth to bedrock |0.21

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.21 | | | Too acid |0.98

 | | Too acid |0.54 | | | |

 | | | | | | |

 Klinesville---------| 30 |Poor | |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Droughty |0.00 | Depth to bedrock |0.00 | Slope |0.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.00 | Slope |0.00 | Rock fragments |0.00

 | | Low content of |0.12 | Low strength |0.00 | Depth to bedrock |0.00

 | | organic matter | | | | Too acid |0.98

 | | Too acid |0.54 | | | |

 | | | | | | |

CkF: | | | | | | |

 Calvin--------------| 45 |Poor | |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Droughty |0.00 | Depth to bedrock |0.00 | Slope |0.00

 | | Low content of |0.12 | Slope |0.00 | Rock fragments |0.03

 | | organic matter | | Low strength |0.00 | Depth to bedrock |0.21

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.21 | | | Too acid |0.98

 | | Too acid |0.54 | | | |

 | | | | | | |
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

572

Table 15b.--Construction Materials (Part 2)--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 |Pct.| Potential source of | Potential source of | Potential source of

 Map symbol | of | reclamation material | roadfill | topsoil

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

CkF: | | | | | | |

 Klinesville---------| 30 |Poor | |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.00 | Depth to bedrock |0.00 | Rock fragments |0.00

 | | Droughty |0.00 | Slope |0.00 | Depth to bedrock |0.00

 | | Low content of |0.12 | Low strength |0.00 | Slope |0.00

 | | organic matter | | | | Too acid |0.98

 | | Too acid |0.54 | | | |

 | | | | | | |

ClC: | | | | | | |

 Caneyville----------| 90 |Poor | |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Too clayey |0.00 | Depth to bedrock |0.00 | Too clayey |0.00

 | | Low content of |0.02 | Low strength |0.00 | Depth to bedrock |0.10

 | | organic matter | | Shrink-swell |0.92 | Rock fragments |0.28

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.10 | | | Slope |0.37

 | | Droughty |0.20 | | | |

 | | Water erosion |0.90 | | | |

 | | Too acid |0.97 | | | |

 | | | | | | |

ClD: | | | | | | |

 Caneyville----------| 85 |Poor | |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Too clayey |0.00 | Depth to bedrock |0.00 | Slope |0.00

 | | Low content of |0.02 | Low strength |0.00 | Too clayey |0.00

 | | organic matter | | Slope |0.50 | Depth to bedrock |0.10

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.10 | Shrink-swell |0.92 | Rock fragments |0.28

 | | Droughty |0.20 | | | |

 | | Water erosion |0.90 | | | |

 | | Too acid |0.97 | | | |

 | | | | | | |

ClE: | | | | | | |

 Caneyville----------| 85 |Poor | |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Too clayey |0.00 | Depth to bedrock |0.00 | Slope |0.00

 | | Low content of |0.02 | Slope |0.00 | Too clayey |0.00

 | | organic matter | | Low strength |0.00 | Depth to bedrock |0.10

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.10 | Shrink-swell |0.92 | Rock fragments |0.28

 | | Droughty |0.20 | | | |

 | | Water erosion |0.90 | | | |

 | | Too acid |0.97 | | | |

 | | | | | | |

CnF: | | | | | | |

 Caneyville----------| 85 |Poor | |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Too clayey |0.00 | Depth to bedrock |0.00 | Slope |0.00

 | | Low content of |0.02 | Slope |0.00 | Too clayey |0.00

 | | organic matter | | Low strength |0.00 | Depth to bedrock |0.10

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.10 | Shrink-swell |0.87 | Rock fragments |0.28

 | | Droughty |0.16 | Stone content |0.99 | |

 | | Water erosion |0.90 | | | |

 | | Stone content |0.94 | | | |

 | | Too acid |0.97 | | | |

 | | | | | | |

CrB: | | | | | | |

 Clarksburg----------| 80 |Fair | |Poor | |Fair |

 | | Low content of |0.12 | Low strength |0.00 | Depth to |0.38

 | | organic matter | | Depth to |0.38 | saturated zone |

 | | Too acid |0.84 | saturated zone | | Rock fragments |0.72

 | | | | Shrink-swell |0.89 | Hard to reclaim |0.95

 | | | | | | |
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

573

Table 15b.--Construction Materials (Part 2)--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 |Pct.| Potential source of | Potential source of | Potential source of

 Map symbol | of | reclamation material | roadfill | topsoil

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

CrC: | | | | | | |

 Clarksburg----------| 80 |Fair | |Poor | |Fair |

 | | Low content of |0.12 | Low strength |0.00 | Slope |0.37

 | | organic matter | | Depth to |0.38 | Depth to |0.38

 | | Too acid |0.84 | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | | | Shrink-swell |0.89 | Rock fragments |0.72

 | | | | | | Hard to reclaim |0.95

 | | | | | | |

CvB: | | | | | | |

 Clearbrook----------| 50 |Poor | |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Droughty |0.00 | Depth to bedrock |0.00 | Depth to |0.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.03 | Depth to |0.00 | saturated zone |

 | | Low content of |0.12 | saturated zone | | Rock fragments |0.00

 | | organic matter | | Low strength |0.00 | Depth to bedrock |0.03

 | | Too acid |0.50 | Shrink-swell |0.87 | Too acid |0.88

 | | Water erosion |0.99 | Cobble content |0.94 | |

 | | | | | | |

 Cavode--------------| 35 |Fair | |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Low content of |0.12 | Depth to |0.00 | Depth to |0.00

 | | organic matter | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | Too clayey |0.18 | Low strength |0.00 | Too clayey |0.10

 | | Too acid |0.32 | Shrink-swell |0.89 | Too acid |0.88

 | | Water erosion |0.99 | | | |

 | | | | | | |

Cz: | | | | | | |

 Combs---------------| 85 |Good | |Poor | |Fair |

 | | | | Low strength |0.00 | Rock fragments |0.97

 | | | | | | |

DkC: | | | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 85 |Poor | |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Droughty |0.00 | Low strength |0.00 | Rock fragments |0.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.10 | Depth to bedrock |0.00 | Depth to bedrock |0.10

 | | Low content of |0.12 | Cobble content |0.72 | Too acid |0.50

 | | organic matter | | | | Slope |0.96

 | | Too acid |0.50 | | | |

 | | Cobble content |0.99 | | | |

 | | | | | | |

DrE: | | | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 70 |Poor | |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Droughty |0.00 | Depth to bedrock |0.00 | Rock fragments |0.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.10 | Low strength |0.00 | Slope |0.00

 | | Low content of |0.12 | Slope |0.50 | Depth to bedrock |0.10

 | | organic matter | | Cobble content |0.70 | Too acid |0.50

 | | Too acid |0.50 | | | |

 | | | | | | |

 Rock outcrop--------| 15 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | |

DsB: | | | | | | |

 Downsville----------| 85 |Fair | |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Low content of |0.12 | Low strength |0.00 | Rock fragments |0.00

 | | organic matter | | | | Hard to reclaim |0.50

 | | Too acid |0.50 | | | Too acid |0.88

 | | | | | | |

DsC: | | | | | | |

 Downsville----------| 80 |Fair | |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Low content of |0.12 | Low strength |0.00 | Rock fragments |0.00

 | | organic matter | | | | Slope |0.37

 | | Too acid |0.50 | | | Hard to reclaim |0.50

 | | | | | | Too acid |0.88

 | | | | | | |
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

574

Table 15b.--Construction Materials (Part 2)--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 |Pct.| Potential source of | Potential source of | Potential source of

 Map symbol | of | reclamation material | roadfill | topsoil

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

Dz: | | | | | | |

 Dunning-------------| 85 |Poor | |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Too clayey |0.00 | Depth to |0.00 | Depth to |0.00

 | | Low content of |0.24 | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | organic matter | | Low strength |0.00 | Too clayey |0.00

 | | | | Shrink-swell |0.91 | |

 | | | | | | |

ErB: | | | | | | |

 Ernest--------------| 85 |Fair | |Poor | |Fair |

 | | Low content of |0.12 | Low strength |0.00 | Depth to |0.14

 | | organic matter | | Depth to |0.14 | saturated zone |

 | | Too acid |0.32 | saturated zone | | Hard to reclaim |0.88

 | | Water erosion |0.90 | Shrink-swell |0.98 | Too acid |0.88

 | | | | | | Rock fragments |0.88

 | | | | | | |

ErC: | | | | | | |

 Ernest--------------| 80 |Fair | |Poor | |Fair |

 | | Low content of |0.12 | Low strength |0.00 | Depth to |0.14

 | | organic matter | | Depth to |0.14 | saturated zone |

 | | Too acid |0.32 | saturated zone | | Slope |0.37

 | | Water erosion |0.90 | Shrink-swell |0.98 | Too acid |0.88

 | | | | | | Rock fragments |0.88

 | | | | | | Hard to reclaim |0.88

 | | | | | | |

HaE: | | | | | | |

 Hazleton------------| 45 |Poor | |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Too acid |0.00 | Low strength |0.00 | Slope |0.00

 | | Low content of |0.12 | Slope |0.00 | Hard to reclaim |0.00

 | | organic matter | | Cobble content |0.46 | Rock fragments |0.00

 | | Cobble content |0.98 | | | Too acid |0.50

 | | | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 40 |Poor | |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Droughty |0.00 | Slope |0.00 | Slope |0.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.10 | Low strength |0.00 | Rock fragments |0.00

 | | Low content of |0.12 | Depth to bedrock |0.00 | Depth to bedrock |0.10

 | | organic matter | | Cobble content |0.72 | Too acid |0.50

 | | Too acid |0.50 | | | |

 | | Cobble content |0.99 | | | |

 | | | | | | |

HaF: | | | | | | |

 Hazleton------------| 55 |Poor | |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Too acid |0.00 | Slope |0.00 | Slope |0.00

 | | Low content of |0.12 | Low strength |0.00 | Hard to reclaim |0.00

 | | organic matter | | Cobble content |0.46 | Rock fragments |0.00

 | | Cobble content |0.98 | | | Too acid |0.50

 | | | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 25 |Poor | |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Droughty |0.00 | Depth to bedrock |0.00 | Rock fragments |0.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.10 | Slope |0.00 | Slope |0.00

 | | Low content of |0.12 | Low strength |0.00 | Depth to bedrock |0.10

 | | organic matter | | Cobble content |0.72 | Too acid |0.50

 | | Too acid |0.50 | | | |

 | | Cobble content |0.99 | | | |

 | | | | | | |

HdF: | | | | | | |

 Hazleton------------| 55 |Poor | |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Too acid |0.00 | Low strength |0.00 | Rock fragments |0.00

 | | Low content of |0.12 | Slope |0.00 | Hard to reclaim |0.00

 | | organic matter | | Cobble content |0.46 | Slope |0.00

 | | Cobble content |0.98 | | | Too acid |0.50

 | | | | | | |
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

575

Table 15b.--Construction Materials (Part 2)--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 |Pct.| Potential source of | Potential source of | Potential source of

 Map symbol | of | reclamation material | roadfill | topsoil

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

HdF: | | | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 25 |Poor | |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Droughty |0.00 | Depth to bedrock |0.00 | Slope |0.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.10 | Slope |0.00 | Rock fragments |0.00

 | | Low content of |0.12 | Low strength |0.00 | Depth to bedrock |0.10

 | | organic matter | | Cobble content |0.75 | Too acid |0.50

 | | Too acid |0.50 | | | |

 | | Cobble content |0.99 | | | |

 | | | | | | |

 Rock outcrop--------| 15 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | |

HeF: | | | | | | |

 Hazleton------------| 55 |Poor | |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Too acid |0.00 | Low strength |0.00 | Slope |0.00

 | | Low content of |0.12 | Slope |0.00 | Hard to reclaim |0.00

 | | organic matter | | Cobble content |0.46 | Rock fragments |0.00

 | | Stone content |0.98 | Stone content |0.93 | Too acid |0.50

 | | Cobble content |0.98 | | | |

 | | | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 25 |Poor | |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Droughty |0.00 | Depth to bedrock |0.00 | Slope |0.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.10 | Slope |0.00 | Rock fragments |0.00

 | | Low content of |0.12 | Low strength |0.00 | Depth to bedrock |0.10

 | | organic matter | | Cobble content |0.75 | Too acid |0.50

 | | Too acid |0.50 | | | |

 | | Cobble content |0.99 | | | |

 | | | | | | |

 Rock outcrop--------| 15 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | |

HlF: | | | | | | |

 Hazleton------------| 50 |Poor | |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Too acid |0.00 | Slope |0.00 | Hard to reclaim |0.00

 | | Low content of |0.24 | Low strength |0.00 | Rock fragments |0.00

 | | organic matter | | Cobble content |0.46 | Slope |0.00

 | | Cobble content |0.98 | | | Too acid |0.50

 | | | | | | |

 Lehew---------------| 20 |Fair | |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Droughty |0.01 | Depth to bedrock |0.00 | Slope |0.00

 | | Low content of |0.24 | Slope |0.00 | Rock fragments |0.00

 | | organic matter | | Low strength |0.00 | Too acid |0.88

 | | Too acid |0.50 | Cobble content |0.82 | Depth to bedrock |0.92

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.92 | | | |

 | | | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 15 |Poor | |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Droughty |0.00 | Depth to bedrock |0.00 | Slope |0.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.10 | Slope |0.00 | Rock fragments |0.00

 | | Low content of |0.24 | Low strength |0.00 | Depth to bedrock |0.10

 | | organic matter | | Cobble content |0.72 | Too acid |0.50

 | | Too acid |0.50 | | | |

 | | Cobble content |0.99 | | | |

 | | | | | | |

Ho: | | | | | | |

 Holly---------------| 80 |Fair | |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Low content of |0.12 | Depth to |0.00 | Depth to |0.00

 | | organic matter | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | Too acid |0.97 | Low strength |0.00 | Rock fragments |0.97

 | | | | | | |
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

576

Table 15b.--Construction Materials (Part 2)--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 |Pct.| Potential source of | Potential source of | Potential source of

 Map symbol | of | reclamation material | roadfill | topsoil

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

HwB: | | | | | | |

 Hustontown----------| 85 |Fair | |Poor | |Fair |

 | | Low content of |0.12 | Low strength |0.00 | Depth to |0.14

 | | organic matter | | Depth to |0.14 | saturated zone |

 | | Too acid |0.50 | saturated zone | | Rock fragments |0.50

 | | | | | | Hard to reclaim |0.68

 | | | | | | Too acid |0.76

 | | | | | | |

Ln: | | | | | | |

 Lindside------------| 80 |Fair | |Poor | |Fair |

 | | Low content of |0.92 | Low strength |0.00 | Depth to |0.76

 | | organic matter | | Depth to |0.76 | saturated zone |

 | | Water erosion |0.99 | saturated zone | | |

 | | | | | | |

LzC: | | | | | | |

 Litz----------------| 90 |Fair | |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Low content of |0.12 | Depth to bedrock |0.00 | Rock fragments |0.00

 | | organic matter | | Low strength |0.00 | Slope |0.50

 | | Droughty |0.26 | Cobble content |0.99 | Depth to bedrock |0.65

 | | Too acid |0.50 | No stoniness |0.99 | Too acid |0.88

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.65 | | | |

 | | Stone content |0.99 | | | |

 | | | | | | |

LzD: | | | | | | |

 Litz----------------| 85 |Fair | |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Low content of |0.12 | Depth to bedrock |0.00 | Rock fragments |0.00

 | | organic matter | | Low strength |0.00 | Slope |0.00

 | | Droughty |0.26 | Slope |0.50 | Depth to bedrock |0.65

 | | Too acid |0.50 | Cobble content |0.99 | Too acid |0.88

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.65 | No stoniness |0.99 | |

 | | Stone content |0.99 | | | |

 | | | | | | |

LzE: | | | | | | |

 Litz----------------| 80 |Fair | |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Low content of |0.12 | Depth to bedrock |0.00 | Slope |0.00

 | | organic matter | | Low strength |0.00 | Rock fragments |0.00

 | | Droughty |0.26 | Slope |0.00 | Depth to bedrock |0.65

 | | Too acid |0.50 | Cobble content |0.99 | Too acid |0.88

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.65 | No stoniness |0.99 | |

 | | Stone content |0.99 | | | |

 | | | | | | |

LzF: | | | | | | |

 Litz----------------| 80 |Fair | |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Low content of |0.12 | Slope |0.00 | Slope |0.00

 | | organic matter |0.26 | Low strength |0.00 | Rock fragments |0.00

 | | Droughty |0.26 | Depth to bedrock |0.00 | Depth to bedrock |0.65

 | | Too acid |0.50 | Cobble content |0.99 | Too acid |0.88

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.65 | No stoniness |0.99 | |

 | | Stone content |0.99 | | | |

 | | | | | | |

Me: | | | | | | |

 Melvin--------------| 90 |Fair | |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Low content of |0.50 | Depth to |0.00 | Depth to |0.00

 | | organic matter | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | Water erosion |0.90 | Low strength |0.00 | |

 | | | | | | |

MhA: | | | | | | |

 Monongahela---------| 80 |Fair | |Poor | |Fair |

 | | Low content of |0.12 | Low strength |0.00 | Depth to |0.29

 | | organic matter | | Depth to |0.29 | saturated zone |

 | | Too acid |0.32 | saturated zone | | Too acid |0.88

 | | Water erosion |0.90 | | | Rock fragments |0.95
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

577

Table 15b.--Construction Materials (Part 2)--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 |Pct.| Potential source of | Potential source of | Potential source of

 Map symbol | of | reclamation material | roadfill | topsoil

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

MhB: | | | | | | |

 Monongahela---------| 85 |Fair | |Poor | |Fair |

 | | Low content of |0.12 | Low strength |0.00 | Depth to |0.29

 | | organic matter | | Depth to |0.29 | saturated zone |

 | | Too acid |0.32 | saturated zone | | Hard to reclaim |0.50

 | | Water erosion |0.90 | | | Too acid |0.88

 | | | | | | Rock fragments |0.95

 | | | | | | |

MhC: | | | | | | |

 Monongahela---------| 80 |Fair | |Poor | |Fair |

 | | Low content of |0.12 | Low strength |0.00 | Depth to |0.29

 | | organic matter | | Depth to |0.29 | saturated zone |

 | | Too acid |0.32 | saturated zone | | Slope |0.37

 | | Water erosion |0.90 | | | Hard to reclaim |0.50

 | | | | | | Too acid |0.88

 | | | | | | Rock fragments |0.95

 | | | | | | |

MrC: | | | | | | |

 Murrill-------------| 90 |Fair | |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Too acid |0.54 | Low strength |0.00 | Rock fragments |0.00

 | | Low content of |0.68 | | | Slope |0.37

 | | organic matter | | | | Hard to reclaim |0.88

 | | | | | | Too acid |0.98

 | | | | | | |

MrD: | | | | | | |

 Murrill-------------| 85 |Fair | |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Too acid |0.54 | Low strength |0.00 | Slope |0.00

 | | Low content of |0.68 | Slope |0.50 | Rock fragments |0.00

 | | organic matter | | | | Hard to reclaim |0.88

 | | | | | | Too acid |0.98

 | | | | | | |

MsC: | | | | | | |

 Murrill-------------| 85 |Fair | |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Too acid |0.54 | Low strength |0.00 | Rock fragments |0.00

 | | Low content of |0.68 | | | Hard to reclaim |0.88

 | | organic matter | | | | Slope |0.96

 | | | | | | Too acid |0.98

 | | | | | | |

MsE: | | | | | | |

 Murrill-------------| 85 |Fair | |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Too acid |0.54 | Low strength |0.00 | Slope |0.00

 | | Low content of |0.68 | Slope |0.00 | Rock fragments |0.00

 | | organic matter | | | | Hard to reclaim |0.88

 | | | | | | Too acid |0.98

 | | | | | | |

Pg: | | | | | | |

 Philo---------------| 75 |Fair | |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Too acid |0.54 | Low strength |0.00 | Rock fragments |0.00

 | | Low content of |0.92 | Depth to |0.76 | Hard to reclaim |0.68

 | | organic matter | | saturated zone | | Depth to |0.76

 | | Water erosion |0.99 | | | saturated zone |

 | | | | | | Too acid |0.98

 | | | | | | |

Ph: | | | | | | |

 Philo---------------| 75 |Fair | |Poor | |Fair |

 | | Too acid |0.54 | Low strength |0.00 | Depth to |0.76

 | | Low content of |0.92 | Depth to |0.76 | saturated zone |

 | | organic matter | | saturated zone | | Rock fragments |0.97

 | | Water erosion |0.99 | | | Too acid |0.98

 | | | | | | |
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

578

Table 15b.--Construction Materials (Part 2)--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 |Pct.| Potential source of | Potential source of | Potential source of

 Map symbol | of | reclamation material | roadfill | topsoil

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

Ps: | | | | | | |

 Pope----------------| 90 |Fair | |Poor | |Fair |

 | | Too acid |0.32 | Low strength |0.00 | Too acid |0.88

 | | | | | | |

Px: | | | | | | |

 Pope----------------| 90 |Fair | |Poor | |Fair |

 | | Too acid |0.32 | Low strength |0.00 | Too acid |0.88

 | | Water erosion |0.99 | | | |

 | | | | | | |

Pz: | | | | | | |

 Pope----------------| 50 |Fair | |Poor | |Fair |

 | | Too acid |0.50 | Low strength |0.00 | Rock fragments |0.28

 | | | | | | Too acid |0.59

 | | | | | | Hard to reclaim |0.68

 | | | | | | |

 Philo---------------| 30 |Fair | |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Low content of |0.12 | Low strength |0.00 | Rock fragments |0.00

 | | organic matter |0.50 | Depth to |0.53 | Depth to |0.53

 | | Too acid |0.50 | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | Water erosion |0.99 | | | Hard to reclaim |0.68

 | | | | | | Too acid |0.98

 | | | | | | |

Qm: | | | | | | |

 Quarry, limestone---| 97 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | |

Qo: | | | | | | |

 Quarry, sandstone---| 95 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | |

Qs: | | | | | | |

 Quarry, shale-------| 96 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | |

ReG: | | | | | | |

 Rock outcrop--------| 50 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | |

 Opequon-------------| 40 |Poor | |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Droughty |0.00 | Slope |0.00 | Slope |0.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.00 | Depth to bedrock |0.00 | Depth to bedrock |0.00

 | | Too clayey |0.00 | Low strength |0.00 | Too clayey |0.00

 | | Low content of |0.12 | Shrink-swell |0.12 | Rock fragments |0.12

 | | organic matter | | | | |

 | | Water erosion |0.99 | | | |

 | | | | | | |

RgG: | | | | | | |

 Rock outcrop--------| 50 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | |

 Rough---------------| 45 |Poor | |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Droughty |0.00 | Depth to bedrock |0.00 | Slope |0.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.00 | Slope |0.00 | Rock fragments |0.00

 | | Too acid |0.50 | Low strength |0.00 | Depth to bedrock |0.00

 | | Low content of |0.50 | | | Too acid |0.50

 | | organic matter | | | | |

 | | | | | | |

RuD: | | | | | | |

 Rushtown------------| 90 |Fair | |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Low content of |0.12 | Low strength |0.00 | Rock fragments |0.00

 | | organic matter | | Slope |0.50 | Slope |0.00

 | | Too acid |0.50 | | | Hard to reclaim |0.00

 | | | | | | Too acid |0.98

 | | | | | | |
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

579

Table 15b.--Construction Materials (Part 2)--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 |Pct.| Potential source of | Potential source of | Potential source of

 Map symbol | of | reclamation material | roadfill | topsoil

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

RuF: | | | | | | |

 Rushtown------------| 85 |Fair | |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Low content of |0.12 | Slope |0.00 | Rock fragments |0.00

 | | organic matter |0.50 | Low strength |0.00 | Slope |0.00

 | | Too acid |0.50 | | | Hard to reclaim |0.00

 | | | | | | Too acid |0.98

 | | | | | | |

ShC: | | | | | | |

 Schaffenaker--------| 80 |Poor | |Poor | |Fair |

 | | Droughty |0.00 | Depth to bedrock |0.00 | Depth to bedrock |0.10

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.10 | Low strength |0.00 | Too sandy |0.15

 | | Low content of |0.12 | | | Too acid |0.59

 | | organic matter | | | | Slope |0.96

 | | Too sandy |0.15 | | | Rock fragments |0.97

 | | Too acid |0.50 | | | |

 | | | | | | |

SkF: | | | | | | |

 Schaffenaker--------| 45 |Poor | |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Droughty |0.00 | Low strength |0.00 | Slope |0.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.10 | Depth to bedrock |0.00 | Depth to bedrock |0.10

 | | Low content of |0.12 | Slope |0.00 | Too sandy |0.15

 | | organic matter | | | | Too acid |0.59

 | | Too sandy |0.15 | | | Rock fragments |0.97

 | | Too acid |0.50 | | | |

 | | | | | | |

 Rock outcrop--------| 40 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | |

SnE: | | | | | | |

 Schaffenaker--------| 45 |Poor | |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Droughty |0.00 | Slope |0.00 | Slope |0.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.10 | Low strength |0.00 | Depth to bedrock |0.10

 | | Low content of |0.12 | Depth to bedrock |0.00 | Too sandy |0.15

 | | organic matter | | | | Too acid |0.59

 | | Too sandy |0.15 | | | Rock fragments |0.97

 | | Too acid |0.50 | | | |

 | | | | | | |

 Vanderlip-----------| 40 |Poor | |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Too acid |0.00 | Slope |0.00 | Slope |0.00

 | | Too sandy |0.01 | Low strength |0.00 | Too sandy |0.01

 | | Low content of |0.12 | | | Rock fragments |0.03

 | | organic matter | | | | Hard to reclaim |0.50

 | | Stone content |0.35 | | | Too acid |0.98

 | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | |

SnF: | | | | | | |

 Schaffenaker--------| 40 |Poor | |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Droughty |0.00 | Depth to bedrock |0.00 | Slope |0.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.10 | Low strength |0.00 | Depth to bedrock |0.10

 | | Low content of |0.12 | Slope |0.00 | Too sandy |0.15

 | | organic matter | | | | Too acid |0.59

 | | Too sandy |0.15 | | | Rock fragments |0.97

 | | Too acid |0.50 | | | |

 | | | | | | |

 Vanderlip-----------| 40 |Poor | |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Too acid |0.00 | Slope |0.00 | Slope |0.00

 | | Too sandy |0.01 | Low strength |0.00 | Too sandy |0.01

 | | Low content of |0.12 | | | Rock fragments |0.03

 | | organic matter | | | | Hard to reclaim |0.50

 | | Stone content |0.35 | | | Too acid |0.98

 | | | | | | |
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

580

Table 15b.--Construction Materials (Part 2)--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 |Pct.| Potential source of | Potential source of | Potential source of

 Map symbol | of | reclamation material | roadfill | topsoil

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

SxC: | | | | | | |

 Sideling------------| 85 |Poor | |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Too acid |0.00 | Low strength |0.00 | Hard to reclaim |0.00

 | | Low content of |0.12 | Shrink-swell |0.89 | Rock fragments |0.00

 | | organic matter | | Depth to |0.99 | Too acid |0.50

 | | Stone content |0.46 | saturated zone | | Slope |0.96

 | | | | | | Depth to |0.99

 | | | | | | saturated zone |

 | | | | | | |

SxE: | | | | | | |

 Sideling------------| 80 |Poor | |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Too acid |0.00 | Slope |0.00 | Slope |0.00

 | | Low content of |0.12 | Low strength |0.00 | Rock fragments |0.00

 | | organic matter |0.46 | Shrink-swell |0.89 | Hard to reclaim |0.00

 | | Stone content |0.46 | Depth to |0.99 | Too acid |0.50

 | | | | saturated zone | | Depth to |0.99

 | | | | | | saturated zone |

 | | | | | | |

SyE: | | | | | | |

 Sideling------------| 80 |Poor | |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Too acid |0.00 | Low strength |0.00 | Hard to reclaim |0.00

 | | Low content of |0.12 | Slope |0.00 | Slope |0.00

 | | organic matter | | Shrink-swell |0.89 | Rock fragments |0.00

 | | Stone content |0.22 | Stone content |0.97 | Too acid |0.50

 | | | | Depth to |0.99 | Depth to |0.99

 | | | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | | | | | |

Ta: | | | | | | |

 Tioga---------------| 90 |Fair | |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Low content of |0.50 | Low strength |0.00 | Hard to reclaim |0.00

 | | organic matter | | | | Rock fragments |0.12

 | | Too acid |0.97 | | | |

 | | Water erosion |0.99 | | | |

 | | | | | | |

TyA: | | | | | | |

 Tygart--------------| 85 |Poor | |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Too clayey |0.00 | Low strength |0.00 | Too clayey |0.00

 | | Too acid |0.12 | Depth to |0.00 | Depth to |0.00

 | | Low content of |0.24 | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | organic matter | | Shrink-swell |0.87 | Too acid |0.59

 | | Water erosion |0.90 | | | |

 | | | | | | |

Ua: | | | | | | |

 Udorthents----------| 95 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | |

Uu: | | | | | | |

 Urban land----------| 45 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | |

 Udorthents----------| 45 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | |

WaB: | | | | | | |

 Weikert-------------| 85 |Poor | |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Droughty |0.00 | Depth to bedrock |0.00 | Depth to bedrock |0.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.00 | Low strength |0.00 | Rock fragments |0.00

 | | Too acid |0.50 | | | Too acid |0.50

 | | | | | | |
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

581

Table 15b.--Construction Materials (Part 2)--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 |Pct.| Potential source of | Potential source of | Potential source of

 Map symbol | of | reclamation material | roadfill | topsoil

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

WaC: | | | | | | |

 Weikert-------------| 85 |Poor | |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Droughty |0.00 | Depth to bedrock |0.00 | Rock fragments |0.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.00 | Low strength |0.00 | Depth to bedrock |0.00

 | | Too acid |0.50 | | | Slope |0.37

 | | | | | | Too acid |0.50

 | | | | | | |

WbC: | | | | | | |

 Weikert-------------| 45 |Poor | |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Droughty |0.00 | Depth to bedrock |0.00 | Rock fragments |0.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.00 | Low strength |0.00 | Depth to bedrock |0.00

 | | Low content of |0.12 | | | Slope |0.37

 | | organic matter | | | | Too acid |0.50

 | | Too acid |0.50 | | | |

 | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 40 |Poor | |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Droughty |0.00 | Low strength |0.00 | Rock fragments |0.00

 | | Low content of |0.12 | Depth to bedrock |0.00 | Depth to bedrock |0.16

 | | organic matter | | | | Slope |0.37

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.16 | | | Too acid |0.59

 | | Too acid |0.50 | | | |

 | | | | | | |

WbD: | | | | | | |

 Weikert-------------| 50 |Poor | |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Droughty |0.00 | Depth to bedrock |0.00 | Slope |0.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.00 | Low strength |0.00 | Rock fragments |0.00

 | | Low content of |0.12 | Slope |0.50 | Depth to bedrock |0.00

 | | organic matter | | | | Too acid |0.50

 | | Too acid |0.50 | | | |

 | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 35 |Poor | |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Droughty |0.00 | Low strength |0.00 | Slope |0.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.05 | Depth to bedrock |0.00 | Rock fragments |0.00

 | | Low content of |0.12 | Slope |0.50 | Depth to bedrock |0.05

 | | organic matter | | | | Too acid |0.59

 | | Too acid |0.50 | | | |

 | | | | | | |

WkF: | | | | | | |

 Weikert-------------| 50 |Poor | |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Droughty |0.00 | Depth to bedrock |0.00 | Rock fragments |0.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.00 | Slope |0.00 | Depth to bedrock |0.00

 | | Low content of |0.12 | Low strength |0.00 | Slope |0.00

 | | organic matter | | | | Too acid |0.98

 | | Too acid |0.50 | | | |

 | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 35 |Poor | |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Droughty |0.00 | Depth to bedrock |0.00 | Slope |0.00

 | | Low content of |0.00 | Slope |0.00 | Rock fragments |0.00

 | | organic matter | | Low strength |0.00 | Depth to bedrock |0.16

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.16 | Cobble content |0.98 | Too acid |0.59

 | | Too acid |0.50 | | | |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

582

Table 16.--Water Management

 (The information in this table indicates the dominant soil condition but does not eliminate the need

 for onsite investigation. The numbers in the value columns range from 0.01 to 1.00. The larger the

 value, the greater the limitation. See text for further explanation of ratings in this table.)

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 |Pct.| Pond reservoir areas | Embankments, dikes, and | Aquifer-fed

 Map symbol | of | | levees | excavated ponds

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

AgB: | | | | | | |

 Allegheny-----------| 80 |Somewhat limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |0.72 | Piping |1.00 | Depth to water |1.00

 | | | | | | |

AgC: | | | | | | |

 Allegheny-----------| 80 |Somewhat limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |0.72 | Piping |1.00 | Depth to water |1.00

 | | | | | | |

AnB: | | | | | | |

 Andover-------------| 75 |Somewhat limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |0.02 | Depth to |1.00 | Cutbanks cave |1.00

 | | | | saturated zone | | Slow refill |0.28

 | | | | | | |

Ba: | | | | | | |

 Basher--------------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Cutbanks cave |1.00

 | | | | saturated zone | | |

 | | | | Seepage |0.02 | |

 | | | | | | |

BbC: | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 80 |Very limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Thin layer |0.98 | Depth to water |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.30 | | | |

 | | | | | | |

BbE: | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 75 |Very limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Thin layer |0.98 | Depth to water |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.30 | | | |

 | | Slope |0.28 | | | |

 | | | | | | |

BcD: | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 45 |Very limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Thin layer |0.99 | Depth to water |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.34 | | | |

 | | Slope |0.12 | | | |

 | | | | | | |

 Calvin--------------| 40 |Very limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Thin layer |0.95 | Depth to water |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.23 | | | |

 | | Slope |0.12 | | | |

 | | | | | | |

BcE: | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 50 |Very limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Thin layer |0.99 | Depth to water |1.00

 | | Slope |0.50 | | | |

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.34 | | | |

 | | | | | | |

 Calvin--------------| 40 |Very limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Thin layer |0.95 | Depth to water |1.00

 | | Slope |0.50 | | | |

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.23 | | | |

 | | | | | | |

BcF: | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 50 |Very limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Thin layer |0.99 | Depth to water |1.00

 | | Slope |1.00 | | | |

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.34 | | | |

 | | | | | | |
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

583

Table 16.--Water Management--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 |Pct.| Pond reservoir areas | Embankments, dikes, and | Aquifer-fed

 Map symbol | of | | levees | excavated ponds

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

BcF: | | | | | | |

 Calvin--------------| 40 |Very limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Thin layer |0.95 | Depth to water |1.00

 | | Slope |1.00 | | | |

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.23 | | | |

 | | | | | | |

BeB: | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 50 |Very limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Thin layer |0.96 | Depth to water |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.26 | | | |

 | | | | | | |

 Clearbrook----------| 45 |Somewhat limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.37 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to water |1.00

 | | Seepage |0.04 | saturated zone | | |

 | | | | Thin layer |0.99 | |

 | | | | Piping |0.66 | |

 | | | | Content of large |0.02 | |

 | | | | stones | | |

 | | | | | | |

BeC: | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 55 |Very limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Thin layer |0.96 | Depth to water |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.26 | | | |

 | | Slope |0.01 | | | |

 | | | | | | |

 Clearbrook----------| 40 |Somewhat limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.37 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to water |1.00

 | | Seepage |0.04 | saturated zone | | |

 | | Slope |0.01 | Thin layer |0.99 | |

 | | | | Piping |0.66 | |

 | | | | Content of large |0.02 | |

 | | | | stones | | |

 | | | | | | |

BkB: | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 45 |Very limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Thin layer |0.96 | Depth to water |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.26 | | | |

 | | | | | | |

 Weikert-------------| 40 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Thin layer |1.00 | Depth to water |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.53 | Seepage |0.38 | |

 | | | | | | |

BqF: | | | | | | |

 Blackthorn----------| 80 |Very limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Seepage |0.04 | Depth to water |1.00

 | | Slope |0.97 | | | |

 | | | | | | |

BrB: | | | | | | |

 Brinkerton----------| 85 |Somewhat limited | |Very limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Seepage |0.70 | Depth to |1.00 | Slow refill |0.30

 | | | | saturated zone | | Cutbanks cave |0.10

 | | | | Piping |1.00 | |

 | | | | | | |

BuB: | | | | | | |

 Buchanan------------| 85 |Somewhat limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |0.72 | Depth to |1.00 | Cutbanks cave |1.00

 | | | | saturated zone | | Slow refill |0.28

 | | | | | | Depth to water |0.01

 | | | | | | |
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

584

Table 16.--Water Management--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 |Pct.| Pond reservoir areas | Embankments, dikes, and | Aquifer-fed

 Map symbol | of | | levees | excavated ponds

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

BuC: | | | | | | |

 Buchanan------------| 85 |Somewhat limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |0.72 | Depth to |1.00 | Cutbanks cave |1.00

 | | Slope |0.01 | saturated zone | | Slow refill |0.28

 | | | | | | Depth to water |0.01

 | | | | | | |

BxC: | | | | | | |

 Buchanan------------| 85 |Somewhat limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |0.72 | Depth to |1.00 | Cutbanks cave |1.00

 | | | | saturated zone | | Slow refill |0.28

 | | | | | | Depth to water |0.01

 | | | | | | |

BxE: | | | | | | |

 Buchanan------------| 85 |Somewhat limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |0.72 | Depth to |1.00 | Cutbanks cave |1.00

 | | Slope |0.28 | saturated zone | | Slow refill |0.28

 | | | | | | Depth to water |0.01

 | | | | | | |

CbB: | | | | | | |

 Calvin--------------| 55 |Very limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Thin layer |0.95 | Depth to water |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.23 | | | |

 | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 35 |Very limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Thin layer |0.99 | Depth to water |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.34 | | | |

 | | | | | | |

CbC: | | | | | | |

 Calvin--------------| 50 |Very limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Thin layer |0.95 | Depth to water |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.23 | | | |

 | | Slope |0.01 | | | |

 | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 35 |Very limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Thin layer |0.99 | Depth to water |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.34 | | | |

 | | Slope |0.01 | | | |

 | | | | | | |

CkB: | | | | | | |

 Calvin--------------| 65 |Very limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Thin layer |0.95 | Depth to water |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.23 | | | |

 | | | | | | |

 Klinesville---------| 30 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Thin layer |1.00 | Depth to water |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.53 | Seepage |0.31 | |

 | | | | | | |

CkC: | | | | | | |

 Calvin--------------| 65 |Very limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Thin layer |0.95 | Depth to water |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.23 | | | |

 | | Slope |0.01 | | | |

 | | | | | | |

 Klinesville---------| 30 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Thin layer |1.00 | Depth to water |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.53 | Seepage |0.31 | |

 | | Slope |0.01 | | | |

 | | | | | | |
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

585

Table 16.--Water Management--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 |Pct.| Pond reservoir areas | Embankments, dikes, and | Aquifer-fed

 Map symbol | of | | levees | excavated ponds

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

CkD: | | | | | | |

 Calvin--------------| 65 |Very limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Thin layer |0.95 | Depth to water |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.23 | | | |

 | | Slope |0.12 | | | |

 | | | | | | |

 Klinesville---------| 30 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Thin layer |1.00 | Depth to water |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.53 | Seepage |0.31 | |

 | | Slope |0.12 | | | |

 | | | | | | |

CkE: | | | | | | |

 Calvin--------------| 60 |Very limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Thin layer |0.95 | Depth to water |1.00

 | | Slope |0.50 | | | |

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.23 | | | |

 | | | | | | |

 Klinesville---------| 30 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Thin layer |1.00 | Depth to water |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.53 | Seepage |0.31 | |

 | | Slope |0.50 | | | |

 | | | | | | |

CkF: | | | | | | |

 Calvin--------------| 45 |Very limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Thin layer |0.95 | Depth to water |1.00

 | | Slope |1.00 | | | |

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.23 | | | |

 | | | | | | |

 Klinesville---------| 30 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Thin layer |1.00 | Depth to water |1.00

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Seepage |0.31 | |

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.53 | | | |

 | | | | | | |

ClC: | | | | | | |

 Caneyville----------| 90 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.98 | Thin layer |0.98 | Depth to water |1.00

 | | Seepage |0.47 | Hard to pack |0.35 | |

 | | Slope |0.01 | | | |

 | | | | | | |

ClD: | | | | | | |

 Caneyville----------| 85 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.98 | Thin layer |0.98 | Depth to water |1.00

 | | Seepage |0.47 | Hard to pack |0.35 | |

 | | Slope |0.12 | | | |

 | | | | | | |

ClE: | | | | | | |

 Caneyville----------| 85 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.98 | Thin layer |0.98 | Depth to water |1.00

 | | Slope |0.50 | Hard to pack |0.35 | |

 | | Seepage |0.47 | | | |

 | | | | | | |

CnF: | | | | | | |

 Caneyville----------| 85 |Very limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Thin layer |0.98 | Depth to water |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.98 | Hard to pack |0.81 | |

 | | Seepage |0.47 | | | |

 | | | | | | |

CrB: | | | | | | |

 Clarksburg----------| 80 |Somewhat limited | |Very limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Seepage |0.70 | Depth to |1.00 | Slow refill |0.30

 | | | | saturated zone | | Cutbanks cave |0.10

 | | | | Piping |0.97 | |
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

586

Table 16.--Water Management--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 |Pct.| Pond reservoir areas | Embankments, dikes, and | Aquifer-fed

 Map symbol | of | | levees | excavated ponds

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

CrC: | | | | | | |

 Clarksburg----------| 80 |Somewhat limited | |Very limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Seepage |0.70 | Depth to |1.00 | Slow refill |0.30

 | | Slope |0.01 | saturated zone | | Cutbanks cave |0.10

 | | | | Piping |0.97 | |

 | | | | | | |

CvB: | | | | | | |

 Clearbrook----------| 50 |Somewhat limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.37 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to water |1.00

 | | Seepage |0.04 | saturated zone | | |

 | | | | Thin layer |0.99 | |

 | | | | Piping |0.66 | |

 | | | | | | |

 Cavode--------------| 35 |Somewhat limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |0.45 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to water |1.00

 | | | | saturated zone | | |

 | | | | Piping |1.00 | |

 | | | | | | |

Cz: | | | | | | |

 Combs---------------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Piping |1.00 | Depth to water |0.96

 | | | | | | Cutbanks cave |0.10

 | | | | | | |

DkC: | | | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 85 |Very limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Thin layer |0.98 | Depth to water |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.98 | Seepage |0.04 | |

 | | | | Content of large |0.01 | |

 | | | | stones | | |

 | | | | | | |

DrE: | | | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 70 |Very limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Thin layer |0.98 | Depth to water |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.98 | Seepage |0.04 | |

 | | Slope |0.12 | Content of large |0.01 | |

 | | | | stones | | |

 | | | | | | |

 Rock outcrop--------| 15 |Very limited | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | | | |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | | | |

 | | Slope |0.12 | | | |

 | | | | | | |

DsB: | | | | | | |

 Downsville----------| 85 |Somewhat limited | |Not limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |0.72 | | | Depth to water |1.00

 | | | | | | Slow refill |0.96

 | | | | | | |

DsC: | | | | | | |

 Downsville----------| 80 |Somewhat limited | |Not limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |0.72 | | | Depth to water |1.00

 | | Slope |0.01 | | | Slow refill |0.96

 | | | | | | |

Dz: | | | | | | |

 Dunning-------------| 85 |Somewhat limited | |Very limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Seepage |0.19 | Ponding |1.00 | Slow refill |0.30

 | | | | Depth to |1.00 | Cutbanks cave |0.10

 | | | | saturated zone | | |

 | | | | Hard to pack |0.18 | |

 | | | | | | |
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

587

Table 16.--Water Management--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 |Pct.| Pond reservoir areas | Embankments, dikes, and | Aquifer-fed

 Map symbol | of | | levees | excavated ponds

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

ErB: | | | | | | |

 Ernest--------------| 85 |Somewhat limited | |Very limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Seepage |0.72 | Depth to |1.00 | Slow refill |0.28

 | | | | saturated zone | | Cutbanks cave |0.10

 | | | | Piping |0.85 | |

 | | | | | | |

ErC: | | | | | | |

 Ernest--------------| 80 |Somewhat limited | |Very limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Seepage |0.72 | Depth to |1.00 | Slow refill |0.28

 | | Slope |0.01 | saturated zone | | Cutbanks cave |0.10

 | | | | Piping |0.84 | |

 | | | | | | |

HaE: | | | | | | |

 Hazleton------------| 45 |Very limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Content of large |0.05 | Depth to water |1.00

 | | Slope |0.28 | stones | | |

 | | | | Seepage |0.03 | |

 | | | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 40 |Very limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Thin layer |0.98 | Depth to water |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.98 | Seepage |0.04 | |

 | | Slope |0.28 | Content of large |0.01 | |

 | | | | stones | | |

 | | | | | | |

HaF: | | | | | | |

 Hazleton------------| 55 |Very limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Content of large |0.05 | Depth to water |1.00

 | | Slope |1.00 | stones | | |

 | | | | Seepage |0.03 | |

 | | | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 25 |Very limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Thin layer |0.98 | Depth to water |1.00

 | | Slope |1.00 | Seepage |0.04 | |

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.98 | Content of large |0.01 | |

 | | | | stones | | |

 | | | | | | |

HdF: | | | | | | |

 Hazleton------------| 55 |Very limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Seepage |0.10 | Depth to water |1.00

 | | Slope |1.00 | Content of large |0.10 | |

 | | | | stones | | |

 | | | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 25 |Very limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Thin layer |0.98 | Depth to water |1.00

 | | Slope |1.00 | Seepage |0.04 | |

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.98 | Content of large |0.03 | |

 | | | | stones | | |

 | | | | | | |

 Rock outcrop--------| 15 |Very limited | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | Slope |1.00 | | | |

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | | | |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | | | |

 | | | | | | |

HeF: | | | | | | |

 Hazleton------------| 55 |Very limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Content of large |0.17 | Depth to water |1.00

 | | Slope |1.00 | stones | | |

 | | | | Seepage |0.10 | |

 | | | | | | |
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

588

Table 16.--Water Management--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 |Pct.| Pond reservoir areas | Embankments, dikes, and | Aquifer-fed

 Map symbol | of | | levees | excavated ponds

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

HeF: | | | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 25 |Very limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Thin layer |0.98 | Depth to water |1.00

 | | Slope |1.00 | Content of large |0.08 | |

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.98 | stones | | |

 | | | | Seepage |0.04 | |

 | | | | | | |

 Rock outcrop--------| 15 |Very limited | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | Slope |1.00 | | | |

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | | | |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | | | |

 | | | | | | |

HlF: | | | | | | |

 Hazleton------------| 50 |Very limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Content of large |0.05 | Depth to water |1.00

 | | Slope |1.00 | stones | | |

 | | | | Seepage |0.03 | |

 | | | | | | |

 Lehew---------------| 20 |Very limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Thin layer |0.68 | Depth to water |1.00

 | | Slope |1.00 | Seepage |0.02 | |

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.68 | | | |

 | | | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 15 |Very limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Thin layer |0.98 | Depth to water |1.00

 | | Slope |1.00 | Seepage |0.04 | |

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.98 | Content of large |0.01 | |

 | | | | stones | | |

 | | | | | | |

Ho: | | | | | | |

 Holly---------------| 80 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Ponding |1.00 | Cutbanks cave |1.00

 | | | | Depth to |1.00 | |

 | | | | saturated zone | | |

 | | | | Piping |1.00 | |

 | | | | Seepage |0.03 | |

 | | | | | | |

HwB: | | | | | | |

 Hustontown----------| 85 |Somewhat limited | |Very limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Seepage |0.72 | Depth to |1.00 | Slow refill |0.28

 | | | | saturated zone | | Cutbanks cave |0.10

 | | | | Piping |1.00 | |

 | | | | | | |

Ln: | | | | | | |

 Lindside------------| 80 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Piping |0.99 | Cutbanks cave |0.10

 | | | | Depth to |0.95 | Depth to water |0.02

 | | | | saturated zone | | |

 | | | | | | |

LzC: | | | | | | |

 Litz----------------| 90 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |0.70 | Thin layer |0.83 | Depth to water |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.09 | Seepage |0.12 | |

 | | Slope |0.01 | | | |

 | | | | | | |

LzD: | | | | | | |

 Litz----------------| 85 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |0.70 | Thin layer |0.83 | Depth to water |1.00

 | | Slope |0.12 | Seepage |0.12 | |

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.09 | | | |

 | | | | | | |
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

589

Table 16.--Water Management--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 |Pct.| Pond reservoir areas | Embankments, dikes, and | Aquifer-fed

 Map symbol | of | | levees | excavated ponds

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

LzE: | | | | | | |

 Litz----------------| 80 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |0.70 | Thin layer |0.83 | Depth to water |1.00

 | | Slope |0.50 | Seepage |0.12 | |

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.09 | | | |

 | | | | | | |

LzF: | | | | | | |

 Litz----------------| 80 |Very limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Thin layer |0.83 | Depth to water |1.00

 | | Seepage |0.70 | Seepage |0.12 | |

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.09 | | | |

 | | | | | | |

Me: | | | | | | |

 Melvin--------------| 90 |Somewhat limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |0.72 | Ponding |1.00 | Cutbanks cave |1.00

 | | | | Depth to |1.00 | Slow refill |0.28

 | | | | saturated zone | | |

 | | | | Piping |0.98 | |

 | | | | Seepage |0.03 | |

 | | | | | | |

MhA: | | | | | | |

 Monongahela---------| 80 |Somewhat limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |0.72 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to water |1.00

 | | | | saturated zone | | |

 | | | | Piping |1.00 | |

 | | | | Seepage |0.04 | |

 | | | | | | |

MhB: | | | | | | |

 Monongahela---------| 85 |Somewhat limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |0.72 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to water |1.00

 | | | | saturated zone | | |

 | | | | Piping |1.00 | |

 | | | | | | |

MhC: | | | | | | |

 Monongahela---------| 80 |Somewhat limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |0.72 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to water |1.00

 | | Slope |0.01 | saturated zone | | |

 | | | | Piping |1.00 | |

 | | | | | | |

MrC: | | | | | | |

 Murrill-------------| 90 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |0.70 | Piping |0.10 | Depth to water |1.00

 | | Slope |0.01 | | | |

 | | | | | | |

MrD: | | | | | | |

 Murrill-------------| 85 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |0.70 | Piping |0.10 | Depth to water |1.00

 | | Slope |0.12 | | | |

 | | | | | | |

MsC: | | | | | | |

 Murrill-------------| 85 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |0.70 | Piping |0.06 | Depth to water |1.00

 | | | | | | |

MsE: | | | | | | |

 Murrill-------------| 85 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |0.70 | Piping |0.06 | Depth to water |1.00

 | | Slope |0.28 | | | |

 | | | | | | |

Pg: | | | | | | |

 Philo---------------| 75 |Very limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Depth to |0.95 | Cutbanks cave |1.00

 | | | | saturated zone | | Depth to water |0.02
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

590

Table 16.--Water Management--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 |Pct.| Pond reservoir areas | Embankments, dikes, and | Aquifer-fed

 Map symbol | of | | levees | excavated ponds

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

Ph: | | | | | | |

 Philo---------------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Piping |1.00 | Cutbanks cave |0.10

 | | | | Depth to |0.95 | Depth to water |0.02

 | | | | saturated zone | | |

 | | | | | | |

Ps: | | | | | | |

 Pope----------------| 90 |Very limited | |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Seepage |0.04 | Depth to water |0.96

 | | | | | | Cutbanks cave |0.10

 | | | | | | |

Px: | | | | | | |

 Pope----------------| 90 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Piping |1.00 | Depth to water |0.96

 | | | | | | Cutbanks cave |0.10

 | | | | | | |

Pz: | | | | | | |

 Pope----------------| 50 |Very limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Seepage |0.12 | Cutbanks cave |1.00

 | | | | | | Depth to water |0.81

 | | | | | | |

 Philo---------------| 30 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Cutbanks cave |1.00

 | | | | saturated zone | | Depth to water |0.01

 | | | | Seepage |0.01 | |

 | | | | | | |

Qm: | | | | | | |

 Quarry, limestone---| 97 |Very limited | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | | | |

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | | | |

 | | Slope |1.00 | | | |

 | | | | | | |

Qo: | | | | | | |

 Quarry, sandstone---| 95 |Very limited | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | | | |

 | | Slope |1.00 | | | |

 | | Seepage |0.57 | | | |

 | | | | | | |

Qs: | | | | | | |

 Quarry, shale-------| 96 |Very limited | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | | | |

 | | Slope |1.00 | | | |

 | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | |

ReG: | | | | | | |

 Rock outcrop--------| 50 |Very limited | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | Slope |1.00 | | | |

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | | | |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | | | |

 | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | |

 Opequon-------------| 40 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Thin layer |1.00 | Depth to water |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Hard to pack |0.22 | |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | | | |

 | | | | | | |

RgG: | | | | | | |

 Rock outcrop--------| 50 |Very limited | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | Slope |1.00 | | | |

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | | | |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | | | |

 | | | | | | |
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

591

Table 16.--Water Management--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 |Pct.| Pond reservoir areas | Embankments, dikes, and | Aquifer-fed

 Map symbol | of | | levees | excavated ponds

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

RgG: | | | | | | |

 Rough---------------| 45 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Thin layer |1.00 | Depth to water |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.94 | | | |

 | | | | | | |

RuD: | | | | | | |

 Rushtown------------| 90 |Very limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Seepage |0.69 | Depth to water |1.00

 | | Slope |0.12 | | | |

 | | | | | | |

RuF: | | | | | | |

 Rushtown------------| 85 |Very limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Seepage |0.69 | Depth to water |1.00

 | | Slope |1.00 | | | |

 | | | | | | |

ShC: | | | | | | |

 Schaffenaker--------| 80 |Very limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Thin layer |0.98 | Depth to water |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.98 | Seepage |0.08 | |

 | | | | | | |

SkF: | | | | | | |

 Schaffenaker--------| 40 |Very limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Thin layer |0.98 | Depth to water |1.00

 | | Slope |1.00 | Seepage |0.08 | |

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.98 | | | |

 | | | | | | |

 Rock outcrop--------| 40 |Very limited | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | Slope |1.00 | | | |

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | | | |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | | | |

 | | | | | | |

SnE: | | | | | | |

 Schaffenaker--------| 45 |Very limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Thin layer |0.98 | Depth to water |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.98 | Seepage |0.08 | |

 | | Slope |0.28 | | | |

 | | | | | | |

 Vanderlip-----------| 40 |Very limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Seepage |0.30 | Depth to water |1.00

 | | Slope |0.28 | | | |

 | | | | | | |

SnF: | | | | | | |

 Schaffenaker--------| 40 |Very limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Thin layer |0.98 | Depth to water |1.00

 | | Slope |1.00 | Seepage |0.08 | |

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.98 | | | |

 | | | | | | |

 Vanderlip-----------| 40 |Very limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Seepage |0.30 | Depth to water |1.00

 | | Slope |1.00 | | | |

 | | | | | | |

SxC: | | | | | | |

 Sideling------------| 85 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |0.70 | Piping |0.79 | Cutbanks cave |1.00

 | | | | Depth to |0.53 | Slow refill |1.00

 | | | | saturated zone | | Depth to water |0.21

 | | | | | | |

SxE: | | | | | | |

 Sideling------------| 80 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |0.70 | Piping |0.79 | Cutbanks cave |1.00

 | | Slope |0.28 | Depth to |0.53 | Slow refill |1.00

 | | | | saturated zone | | Depth to water |0.21
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

592

Table 16.--Water Management--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 |Pct.| Pond reservoir areas | Embankments, dikes, and | Aquifer-fed

 Map symbol | of | | levees | excavated ponds

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

SyE: | | | | | | |

 Sideling------------| 80 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |0.70 | Piping |0.79 | Cutbanks cave |1.00

 | | Slope |0.28 | Depth to |0.53 | Slow refill |1.00

 | | | | saturated zone | | Depth to water |0.21

 | | | | | | |

Ta: | | | | | | |

 Tioga---------------| 90 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Content of large |1.00 | Cutbanks cave |1.00

 | | | | stones | | Content of large |1.00

 | | | | Seepage |0.50 | stones |

 | | | | | | Depth to water |0.96

 | | | | | | |

TyA: | | | | | | |

 Tygart--------------| 85 |Not limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | | | Depth to |1.00 | Slow refill |1.00

 | | | | saturated zone | | Cutbanks cave |0.10

 | | | | Piping |0.03 | |

 | | | | | | |

Ua: | | | | | | |

 Udorthents----------| 95 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | |

Uu: | | | | | | |

 Urban land----------| 45 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | |

 Udorthents----------| 45 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | |

WaB: | | | | | | |

 Weikert-------------| 85 |Somewhat limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.53 | Thin layer |1.00 | Depth to water |1.00

 | | | | | | |

WaC: | | | | | | |

 Weikert-------------| 85 |Somewhat limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.53 | Thin layer |1.00 | Depth to water |1.00

 | | Slope |0.01 | | | |

 | | | | | | |

WbC: | | | | | | |

 Weikert-------------| 45 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Thin layer |1.00 | Depth to water |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.53 | Seepage |0.38 | |

 | | Slope |0.01 | | | |

 | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 40 |Very limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Thin layer |0.96 | Depth to water |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.26 | | | |

 | | Slope |0.01 | | | |

 | | | | | | |

WbD: | | | | | | |

 Weikert-------------| 50 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Thin layer |1.00 | Depth to water |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.53 | Seepage |0.38 | |

 | | Slope |0.12 | | | |

 | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 35 |Very limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Thin layer |0.99 | Depth to water |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.34 | | | |

 | | Slope |0.12 | | | |

 | | | | | | |
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

593

Table 16.--Water Management--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 |Pct.| Pond reservoir areas | Embankments, dikes, and | Aquifer-fed

 Map symbol | of | | levees | excavated ponds

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

WkF: | | | | | | |

 Weikert-------------| 50 |Somewhat limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |0.99 | Thin layer |1.00 | Depth to water |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.69 | Seepage |0.31 | |

 | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 35 |Very limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Thin layer |0.96 | Depth to water |1.00

 | | Slope |0.99 | | | |

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.26 | | | |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____
594

Table 17.--Engineering Index Properties

(Absence of an entry indicates that the data were not estimated.)

________________________________________________________________________________________________________ | | | Classification | Fragments | Percentage pass Map symbol | | |___________________________|_____________| sieve number- and soil name | Depth | USDA texture | | | >10 | 3-10 |____________________ | | | Unified | AASHTO |inches|inches| 4 | 10 | 40 _________________|_______|_______________|_____________|_____________|______|______|______|______|______ | In | | | | Pct | Pct | | | 

 | | | | | | | | | AgB: | | | | | | | | |  Allegheny-------| 0-8 |Loam |CL, ML |A-4 | 0 | 0 |90-100|80-100|65-10 | 8-42 |Silty clay |CL, ML, SC, |A-4, A-6 | 0 | 0-5 |65-100|60-100|45-95  | | loam, loam, | SM | | | | | |  | | gravelly clay | | | | | | |  | | loam | | | | | | |  | 42-65 |Gravelly loam, |CL, GC, ML, |A-1, A-2, | 0 | 0-10 |65-100|55-100|35-95  | | sandy loam, | SM | A-4, A-6 | | | | |  | | clay loam | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | AgC: | | | | | | | | |  Allegheny-------| 0-7 |Loam |CL, ML |A-4 | 0 | 0 |90-100|80-100|65-10 | 7-41 |Silty clay |CL, SC, SM, |A-4, A-6 | 0 | 0-5 |65-100|60-100|45-95  | | loam, loam, | ML | | | | | |  | | gravelly clay | | | | | | |  | | loam | | | | | | |  | 41-65 |Gravelly loam, |SM, ML, GC, |A-1, A-2, | 0 | 0-10 |65-100|55-100|35-95  | | sandy loam, | CL | A-4, A-6 | | | | |  | | clay loam | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | AnB: | | | | | | | | |  Andover---------| 0-8 |Gravelly loam |CL, GM, ML, |A-2, A-4, A-6| 0 | 0-5 |65-75 |65-75 |60-70  | | | SC-SM | | | | | |  | 8-19 |Gravelly loam, |SM, GM, ML, |A-2, A-4, A-6| 0-1 | 0-20 |50-100|45-90 |40-90  | | gravelly clay | CL | | | | | |  | | loam, cobbly | | | | | | |  | | sandy clay | | | | | | |  | | loam | | | | | | |  | 19-46 |Loam, gravelly |CL, ML, SM, |A-2, A-4, A-6| 0-1 | 0-20 |80-95 |65-85 |60-85  | | clay loam, | GM | | | | | |  | | cobbly sandy | | | | | | |  | | clay loam | | | | | | |  | 46-65 |Gravelly sandy |CL, ML, GM, |A-6, A-4, A-2| 0-1 | 5-30 |70-95 |55-90 |50-75  | | clay loam, | SM | | | | | |  | | cobbly sandy | | | | | | |  | | loam, loam | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | 
595

Table 17.--Engineering Index Properties--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________ | | | Classification | Fragments | Percentage pass Map symbol | | |___________________________|_____________| sieve number- and soil name | Depth | USDA texture | | | >10 | 3-10 |____________________ | | | Unified | AASHTO |inches|inches| 4 | 10 | 40 _________________|_______|_______________|_____________|_____________|______|______|______|______|______ | In | | | | Pct | Pct | | | 

 | | | | | | | | | Ba: | | | | | | | | |  Basher----------| 0-8 |Fine sandy loam|CL-ML, ML, |A-1, A-2, A-4| 0 | 0-5 |80-100|80-100|45-10 | | | SC-SM, SM | | | | | |  | 8-22 |Silt loam, |CL-ML, ML, |A-1, A-2, A-4| 0 | 0-5 |75-100|70-100|40-10 | | loam, gravelly| SC-SM, SM | | | | | |  | | sandy loam | | | | | | |  | 22-46 |Loam, gravelly |SC-SM, CL-ML,|A-1, A-2, A-4| 0 | 0-5 |60-95 |50-85 |40-85  | | sandy loam, | SM, ML | | | | | |  | | gravelly loamy| | | | | | |  | | sand | | | | | | |  | 46-65 |Gravelly sandy |SW, SM, ML, |A-1, A-2, | 0 | 0-10 |30-95 |25-85 |20-85  | | loam, loam, | GP | A-3, A-4 | | | | |  | | fine sandy | | | | | | |  | | loam, very | | | | | | |  | | gravelly loamy| | | | | | |  | | sand | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | BbC: | | | | | | | | |  Berks-----------| 0-1 |Highly |PT |A-8 | 0-3 | 5-15 | --- | --- | ---  | | decomposed | | | | | | |  | | plant material| | | | | | |  | 1-4 |Channery loam |GM, SM, SC, |A-2, A-4 | 0 |15-30 |40-80 |35-70 |30-60  | | | GC | | | | | |  | 4-21 |Very channery |GC, SM, GM, |A-1, A-2, A-4| 0 | 0-30 |40-80 |35-70 |25-60  | | loam, channery| SC | | | | | |  | | loam, channery| | | | | | |  | | silt loam | | | | | | |  | 21-24 |Extremely |SM, GM |A-1, A-2 | 0 | 0-40 |35-65 |25-55 |20-40  | | channery loam,| | | | | | |  | | very channery | | | | | | |  | | loam, very | | | | | | |  | | channery silt | | | | | | |  | | loam | | | | | | |  | 24-28 |Bedrock | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---  | | | | | | | | | 
596

Table 17.--Engineering Index Properties--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________ | | | Classification | Fragments | Percentage pass Map symbol | | |___________________________|_____________| sieve number- and soil name | Depth | USDA texture | | | >10 | 3-10 |____________________ | | | Unified | AASHTO |inches|inches| 4 | 10 | 40 _________________|_______|_______________|_____________|_____________|______|______|______|______|______ | In | | | | Pct | Pct | | | 

 | | | | | | | | | BbE: | | | | | | | | |  Berks-----------| 0-1 |Highly |PT |A-8 | 0-3 | 5-15 | --- | --- | ---  | | decomposed | | | | | | |  | | plant material| | | | | | |  | 1-4 |Channery loam |SM, GM, GC, |A-2, A-4 | 0 |15-30 |40-80 |35-70 |30-60  | | | SC | | | | | |  | 4-21 |Very channery |GC, GM, SC, |A-1, A-2, A-4| 0 | 0-30 |40-80 |35-70 |25-60  | | loam, channery| SM | | | | | |  | | loam, channery| | | | | | |  | | silt loam | | | | | | |  | 21-24 |Extremely |GM, SM |A-1, A-2 | 0 | 0-40 |35-65 |25-55 |20-40  | | channery loam,| | | | | | |  | | very channery | | | | | | |  | | loam, very | | | | | | |  | | channery silt | | | | | | |  | | loam | | | | | | |  | 24-28 |Bedrock | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---  | | | | | | | | | BcD: | | | | | | | | |  Berks-----------| 0-5 |Channery loam |SC, GC, ML, |A-2, A-4 | 0 | 0-30 |50-80 |45-70 |40-60  | | | GM | | | | | |  | 5-19 |Very channery |SM, SC, GM, |A-1, A-2, A-4| 0 | 0-30 |40-80 |35-70 |25-60  | | loam, very | GC | | | | | |  | | channery silt | | | | | | |  | | loam, channery| | | | | | |  | | silt loam | | | | | | |  | 19-23 |Extremely |GC-GM, GM, SM|A-1, A-2 | 0 | 0-40 |35-65 |25-55 |20-40  | | channery loam,| | | | | | |  | | very channery | | | | | | |  | | loam, | | | | | | |  | | extremely | | | | | | |  | | channery silt | | | | | | |  | | loam | | | | | | |  | 23-27 |Bedrock | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---  | | | | | | | | | 
597

Table 17.--Engineering Index Properties--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________ | | | Classification | Fragments | Percentage pass Map symbol | | |___________________________|_____________| sieve number- and soil name | Depth | USDA texture | | | >10 | 3-10 |____________________ | | | Unified | AASHTO |inches|inches| 4 | 10 | 40 _________________|_______|_______________|_____________|_____________|______|______|______|______|______ | In | | | | Pct | Pct | | | 

 | | | | | | | | | BcD: | | | | | | | | |  Calvin----------| 0-3 |Channery loam |ML |A-4 | 0 | 0-15 |70-95 |70-90 |65-75  | 3-18 |Very channery |GM, ML, SM |A-2, A-4, A-6| 0 | 0-15 |70-95 |55-90 |40-85  | | loam, channery| | | | | | |  | | loam, channery| | | | | | |  | | silt loam | | | | | | |  | 18-26 |Extremely |GC, GM, SM, |A-1, A-2, | 0 | 0-20 |35-75 |15-45 |15-45  | | channery loam,| SC | A-4, A-6 | | | | |  | | very channery | | | | | | |  | | loam, very | | | | | | |  | | channery silt | | | | | | |  | | loam | | | | | | |  | 26-30 |Bedrock | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---  | | | | | | | | | BcE: | | | | | | | | |  Berks-----------| 0-5 |Channery loam |SC, ML, GM, |A-4, A-2 | 0 | 0-30 |50-80 |45-70 |40-60  | | | GC | | | | | |  | 5-19 |Very channery |GC, GM, SC, |A-1, A-2, A-4| 0 | 0-30 |40-80 |35-70 |25-60  | | loam, very | SM | | | | | |  | | channery silt | | | | | | |  | | loam, channery| | | | | | |  | | silt loam | | | | | | |  | 19-23 |Extremely |GC-GM, GM, SM|A-1, A-2 | 0 | 0-40 |35-65 |25-55 |20-40  | | channery loam,| | | | | | |  | | very channery | | | | | | |  | | loam, | | | | | | |  | | extremely | | | | | | |  | | channery silt | | | | | | |  | | loam | | | | | | |  | 23-27 |Bedrock | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---  | | | | | | | | |  Calvin----------| 0-3 |Channery loam |ML |A-4 | 0 | 0-15 |70-95 |70-90 |65-75  | 3-18 |Very channery |GM, ML, SM |A-2, A-4, A-6| 0 | 0-15 |70-95 |55-90 |40-85  | | loam, channery| | | | | | |  | | loam, channery| | | | | | |  | | silt loam | | | | | | |  | 18-26 |Extremely |GC, SC, SM, |A-1, A-2, | 0 | 0-20 |35-75 |15-45 |15-45  | | channery loam,| GM | A-4, A-6 | | | | |  | | very channery | | | | | | |  | | loam, very | | | | | | |  | | channery silt | | | | | | |  | | loam | | | | | | |  | 26-30 |Bedrock | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---  | | | | | | | | | 
598

Table 17.--Engineering Index Properties--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________ | | | Classification | Fragments | Percentage pass Map symbol | | |___________________________|_____________| sieve number- and soil name | Depth | USDA texture | | | >10 | 3-10 |____________________ | | | Unified | AASHTO |inches|inches| 4 | 10 | 40 _________________|_______|_______________|_____________|_____________|______|______|______|______|______ | In | | | | Pct | Pct | | | 

 | | | | | | | | | BcF: | | | | | | | | |  Berks-----------| 0-5 |Channery loam |GC, GM, SC, |A-4, A-2 | 0 | 0-30 |50-80 |45-70 |40-60  | | | ML | | | | | |  | 5-19 |Very channery |GM, SC, SM, |A-1, A-2, A-4| 0 | 0-30 |40-80 |35-70 |25-60  | | loam, very | GC | | | | | |  | | channery silt | | | | | | |  | | loam, channery| | | | | | |  | | silt loam | | | | | | |  | 19-23 |Extremely |SM, GM, GC-GM|A-1, A-2 | 0 | 0-40 |35-65 |25-55 |20-40  | | channery loam,| | | | | | |  | | very channery | | | | | | |  | | loam, | | | | | | |  | | extremely | | | | | | |  | | channery silt | | | | | | |  | | loam | | | | | | |  | 23-27 |Bedrock | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---  | | | | | | | | |  Calvin----------| 0-3 |Channery loam |ML |A-4 | 0 | 0-15 |70-95 |70-90 |65-75  | 3-18 |Very channery |GM, ML, SM |A-2, A-4, A-6| 0 | 0-15 |70-95 |55-90 |40-85  | | loam, channery| | | | | | |  | | loam, channery| | | | | | |  | | silt loam | | | | | | |  | 18-26 |Extremely |SM, SC, GM, |A-1, A-2, | 0 | 0-20 |35-75 |15-45 |15-45  | | channery loam,| GC | A-4, A-6 | | | | |  | | very channery | | | | | | |  | | loam, very | | | | | | |  | | channery silt | | | | | | |  | | loam | | | | | | |  | 26-30 |Bedrock | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---  | | | | | | | | | BeB: | | | | | | | | |  Berks-----------| 0-7 |Channery silt |ML, SC, GM, |A-2, A-4 | 0 | 0-30 |50-80 |45-70 |40-60  | | loam | GC | | | | | |  | 7-21 |Very channery |GC, GM, SC, |A-1, A-2, A-4| 0 | 0-30 |40-80 |35-70 |25-60  | | silt loam, | SM | | | | | |  | | channery silt | | | | | | |  | | loam, channery| | | | | | |  | | loam | | | | | | |  | 21-25 |Extremely |SM, GM, GC-GM|A-1, A-2 | 0 | 0-40 |35-65 |25-55 |20-40  | | channery silt | | | | | | |  | | loam, very | | | | | | |  | | channery loam,| | | | | | |  | | extremely | | | | | | |  | | channery loam | | | | | | |  | 25-29 |Bedrock | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---  | | | | | | | | | 
599

Table 17.--Engineering Index Properties--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________ | | | Classification | Fragments | Percentage pass Map symbol | | |___________________________|_____________| sieve number- and soil name | Depth | USDA texture | | | >10 | 3-10 |____________________ | | | Unified | AASHTO |inches|inches| 4 | 10 | 40 _________________|_______|_______________|_____________|_____________|______|______|______|______|______ | In | | | | Pct | Pct | | | 

 | | | | | | | | | BeB: | | | | | | | | |  Clearbrook------| 0-8 |Channery silt |CL-ML, CL |A-4, A-6 | 0 | 5-25 |75-90 |60-85 |55-75  | | loam | | | | | | |  | 8-19 |Very channery |CL |A-6 | 0 |10-50 |75-90 |60-85 |55-75  | | silty clay | | | | | | |  | | loam, channery| | | | | | |  | | silt loam, | | | | | | |  | | channery loam | | | | | | |  | 19-22 |Extremely |SC, CL, GC |A-6, A-7 | 0 |10-90 |35-85 |35-75 |35-65  | | channery silty| | | | | | |  | | clay, very | | | | | | |  | | channery silty| | | | | | |  | | clay loam, | | | | | | |  | | very channery | | | | | | |  | | silt loam | | | | | | |  | 22-26 |Bedrock | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---  | | | | | | | | | BeC: | | | | | | | | |  Berks-----------| 0-7 |Channery silt |ML, GC, GM, |A-2, A-4 | 0 | 0-30 |50-80 |45-70 |40-60  | | loam | SC | | | | | |  | 7-21 |Very channery |GC, GM, SM, |A-1, A-2, A-4| 0 | 0-30 |40-80 |35-70 |25-60  | | silt loam, | SC | | | | | |  | | channery silt | | | | | | |  | | loam, channery| | | | | | |  | | loam | | | | | | |  | 21-25 |Extremely |GM, GC-GM, SM|A-1, A-2 | 0 | 0-40 |35-65 |25-55 |20-40  | | channery silt | | | | | | |  | | loam, very | | | | | | |  | | channery loam,| | | | | | |  | | extremely | | | | | | |  | | channery loam | | | | | | |  | 25-29 |Bedrock | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---  | | | | | | | | | 
600

Table 17.--Engineering Index Properties--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________ | | | Classification | Fragments | Percentage pass Map symbol | | |___________________________|_____________| sieve number- and soil name | Depth | USDA texture | | | >10 | 3-10 |____________________ | | | Unified | AASHTO |inches|inches| 4 | 10 | 40 _________________|_______|_______________|_____________|_____________|______|______|______|______|______ | In | | | | Pct | Pct | | | 

 | | | | | | | | | BeC: | | | | | | | | |  Clearbrook------| 0-8 |Channery silt |CL-ML, CL |A-4, A-6 | 0 | 5-25 |75-90 |60-85 |55-75  | | loam | | | | | | |  | 8-19 |Very channery |CL |A-6 | 0 |10-50 |75-90 |60-85 |55-75  | | silty clay | | | | | | |  | | loam, channery| | | | | | |  | | silt loam, | | | | | | |  | | channery loam | | | | | | |  | 19-22 |Extremely |CL, GC, SC |A-6, A-7 | 0 |10-90 |35-85 |35-75 |35-65  | | channery silty| | | | | | |  | | clay, very | | | | | | |  | | channery silty| | | | | | |  | | clay loam, | | | | | | |  | | very channery | | | | | | |  | | silt loam | | | | | | |  | 22-26 |Bedrock | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---  | | | | | | | | | BkB: | | | | | | | | |  Berks-----------| 0-7 |Channery silt |ML, GC, SC, |A-2, A-4 | 0 | 0-30 |50-80 |45-70 |40-60  | | loam | GM | | | | | |  | 7-21 |Very channery |GC, SM, SC, |A-1, A-2, A-4| 0 | 0-30 |40-80 |35-70 |25-60  | | silt loam, | GM | | | | | |  | | channery silt | | | | | | |  | | loam, channery| | | | | | |  | | loam | | | | | | |  | 21-25 |Extremely |GC-GM, GM, SM|A-1, A-2 | 0 | 0-40 |35-65 |25-55 |20-40  | | channery silt | | | | | | |  | | loam, very | | | | | | |  | | channery loam,| | | | | | |  | | extremely | | | | | | |  | | channery loam | | | | | | |  | 25-29 |Bedrock | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---  | | | | | | | | |  Weikert---------| 0-6 |Channery silt |GM, ML, SM |A-1, A-2, A-4| 0 | 0-10 |35-70 |35-70 |25-65  | | loam | | | | | | |  | 6-14 |Very channery |GM, GP-GM |A-1, A-2 | 0-1 | 0-20 |30-70 |25-70 |20-60  | | silt loam, | | | | | | |  | | channery loam | | | | | | |  | 14-18 |Extremely |GM, GP-GM |A-1, A-2 | 0-5 | 5-35 |15-60 |10-50 | 5-40  | | channery silt | | | | | | |  | | loam, | | | | | | |  | | extremely | | | | | | |  | | channery loam | | | | | | |  | 18-22 |Bedrock | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---  | | | | | | | | | 
601

Table 17.--Engineering Index Properties--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________ | | | Classification | Fragments | Percentage pass Map symbol | | |___________________________|_____________| sieve number- and soil name | Depth | USDA texture | | | >10 | 3-10 |____________________ | | | Unified | AASHTO |inches|inches| 4 | 10 | 40 _________________|_______|_______________|_____________|_____________|______|______|______|______|______ | In | | | | Pct | Pct | | | 

 | | | | | | | | | BqF: | | | | | | | | |  Blackthorn------| 0-1 |Bouldery |PT |A-8 |25-65 | 5-15 | --- | --- | ---  | | slightly | | | | | | |  | | decomposed | | | | | | |  | | plant material| | | | | | |  | 1-2 |Bouldery highly|PT |A-8 |25-65 | 5-15 | --- | --- | ---  | | decomposed | | | | | | |  | | plant material| | | | | | |  | 2-7 |Very gravelly |ML, CL-ML, |A-1, A-2, A-4| 0-3 | 5-15 |65-90 |60-85 |35-70  | | sandy loam | SC-SM, SM | | | | | |  | 7-47 |Gravelly sandy |GM, SC, SC- |A-1, A-2, A-4| 0 | 5-30 |40-90 |25-90 |20-60  | | loam, very | SM, SM | | | | | |  | | gravelly sandy| | | | | | |  | | loam, gravelly| | | | | | |  | | loam | | | | | | |  | 47-65 |Clay, silty |CL, CH |A-6, A-7 | 0 | 0-10 |85-100|70-100|65-95  | | clay, channery| | | | | | |  | | silty clay | | | | | | |  | | loam | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | BrB: | | | | | | | | |  Brinkerton------| 0-7 |Silt loam |ML |A-4 | 0 | 0-10 |90-100|85-100|85-10 | 7-21 |Silty clay |ML |A-6, A-7, | 0 | 0-10 |90-100|85-100|85-10 | | loam, silt | | A-4, A-5 | | | | |  | | loam | | | | | | |  | 21-45 |Channery silty |ML |A-4, A-5, | 0 | 0-10 |75-100|60-100|60-10 | | clay loam, | | A-6, A-7 | | | | |  | | silt loam | | | | | | |  | 45-60 |Extremely |SM, CL, ML, |A-1, A-2, | 0 | 0-50 |70-90 |25-85 |25-85  | | channery loam,| SC | A-4, A-6 | | | | |  | | channery silt | | | | | | |  | | loam, silt | | | | | | |  | | loam | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | BuB: | | | | | | | | |  Buchanan--------| 0-8 |Gravelly loam |CL, GM, ML, |A-2, A-4, A-6| 0 | 0-10 |50-100|45-75 |40-75  | | | GC-GM | | | | | |  | 8-33 |Gravelly loam, |CL, GM, ML, |A-2, A-4, A-6| 0 | 0-20 |50-100|45-90 |40-90  | | gravelly clay | SM | | | | | |  | | loam, sandy | | | | | | |  | | clay loam | | | | | | |  | 33-65 |Gravelly loam, |SM, GM, CL, |A-2, A-4, A-6| 0 | 0-20 |30-100|25-80 |20-75  | | very gravelly | ML | | | | | |  | | clay loam, | | | | | | |  | | sandy clay | | | | | | |  | | loam | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | 
602

Table 17.--Engineering Index Properties--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________ | | | Classification | Fragments | Percentage pass Map symbol | | |___________________________|_____________| sieve number- and soil name | Depth | USDA texture | | | >10 | 3-10 |____________________ | | | Unified | AASHTO |inches|inches| 4 | 10 | 40 _________________|_______|_______________|_____________|_____________|______|______|______|______|______ | In | | | | Pct | Pct | | | 

 | | | | | | | | | BuC: | | | | | | | | |  Buchanan--------| 0-8 |Gravelly loam |GC-GM, CL, |A-2, A-4, A-6| 0 | 0-10 |50-100|45-75 |40-75  | | | GM, ML | | | | | |  | 8-33 |Gravelly loam, |CL, SM, ML, |A-2, A-4, A-6| 0 | 0-20 |50-100|45-90 |40-90  | | gravelly clay | GM | | | | | |  | | loam, sandy | | | | | | |  | | clay loam | | | | | | |  | 33-65 |Gravelly loam, |SM, ML, GM, |A-6, A-2, A-4| 0 | 0-20 |30-100|25-80 |20-75  | | very gravelly | CL | | | | | |  | | clay loam, | | | | | | |  | | sandy clay | | | | | | |  | | loam | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | BxC: | | | | | | | | |  Buchanan--------| 0-3 |Slightly |PT |A-8 | 5-25 | 5-20 | --- | --- | ---  | | decomposed | | | | | | |  | | plant material| | | | | | |  | 3-4 |Moderately |PT |A-8 | 5-25 | 5-20 | --- | --- | ---  | | decomposed | | | | | | |  | | plant material| | | | | | |  | 4-5 |Loam |CL, GM, ML, |A-2, A-4, A-6| 0 | 0-5 |75-100|70-90 |40-70  | | | SC-SM | | | | | |  | 5-33 |Gravelly loam, |SM, ML, CL, |A-2, A-4, A-6| 0-3 | 0-20 |50-100|45-90 |40-90  | | clay loam, | GM | | | | | |  | | gravelly sandy| | | | | | |  | | clay loam | | | | | | |  | 33-65 |Gravelly loam, |SM, CL, GM, |A-2, A-4, A-6| 0-3 | 0-20 |30-100|25-80 |20-75  | | sandy clay | ML | | | | | |  | | loam, very | | | | | | |  | | gravelly clay | | | | | | |  | | loam | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | BxE: | | | | | | | | |  Buchanan--------| 0-2 |Slightly |PT |A-8 | 5-25 | 5-20 | --- | --- | ---  | | decomposed | | | | | | |  | | plant material| | | | | | |  | 2-4 |Loam |SC-SM, ML, |A-2, A-4, A-6| 0 | 0-5 |75-100|70-90 |40-70  | | | GM, CL | | | | | |  | 4-30 |Gravelly loam, |ML, GM, CL, |A-2, A-4, A-6| 0-3 | 0-20 |50-100|45-90 |40-90  | | clay loam, | SM | | | | | |  | | gravelly sandy| | | | | | |  | | clay loam | | | | | | |  | 30-65 |Gravelly loam, |SM, ML, CL, |A-2, A-4, A-6| 0-3 | 0-20 |30-100|25-80 |20-75  | | sandy clay | GM | | | | | |  | | loam, very | | | | | | |  | | gravelly clay | | | | | | |  | | loam | | | | | | | 
603

Table 17.--Engineering Index Properties--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________ | | | Classification | Fragments | Percentage pass Map symbol | | |___________________________|_____________| sieve number- and soil name | Depth | USDA texture | | | >10 | 3-10 |____________________ | | | Unified | AASHTO |inches|inches| 4 | 10 | 40 _________________|_______|_______________|_____________|_____________|______|______|______|______|______ | In | | | | Pct | Pct | | | 

 | | | | | | | | | CbB: | | | | | | | | |  Calvin----------| 0-3 |Channery loam |CL, ML |A-4 | 0 | 0-15 |70-95 |70-90 |65-75  | 3-18 |Very channery |ML, SM, GM |A-2, A-4, A-6| 0 | 0-15 |70-95 |55-90 |40-60  | | loam, channery| | | | | | |  | | loam, channery| | | | | | |  | | silt loam | | | | | | |  | 18-26 |Extremely |GM, GC, SM, |A-1, A-2, | 0 | 0-20 |35-75 |15-45 |15-45  | | channery loam,| SC | A-4, A-6 | | | | |  | | very channery | | | | | | |  | | loam, very | | | | | | |  | | channery silt | | | | | | |  | | loam | | | | | | |  | 26-30 |Bedrock | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---  | | | | | | | | |  Berks-----------| 0-5 |Channery loam |GC, GM, ML, |A-2, A-4 | 0 | 0-30 |50-80 |45-70 |40-60  | | | SC | | | | | |  | 5-19 |Very channery |GC, GM, SC, |A-1, A-2, A-4| 0 | 0-30 |40-80 |35-70 |25-60  | | loam, very | SM | | | | | |  | | channery silt | | | | | | |  | | loam, channery| | | | | | |  | | silt loam | | | | | | |  | 19-23 |Extremely |GC-GM, SM, GM|A-1, A-2 | 0 | 0-40 |35-65 |25-55 |20-40  | | channery loam,| | | | | | |  | | very channery | | | | | | |  | | loam, | | | | | | |  | | extremely | | | | | | |  | | channery silt | | | | | | |  | | loam | | | | | | |  | 23-27 |Bedrock | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---  | | | | | | | | | CbC: | | | | | | | | |  Calvin----------| 0-3 |Channery loam |ML, CL |A-4 | 0 | 0-15 |70-95 |70-90 |65-75  | 3-18 |Very channery |ML, GM, SM |A-6, A-2, A-4| 0 | 0-15 |70-95 |55-90 |40-60  | | loam, channery| | | | | | |  | | loam, channery| | | | | | |  | | silt loam | | | | | | |  | 18-26 |Extremely |GC, GM, SC, |A-1, A-2, | 0 | 0-20 |35-75 |15-45 |15-45  | | channery loam,| SM | A-4, A-6 | | | | |  | | very channery | | | | | | |  | | loam, very | | | | | | |  | | channery silt | | | | | | |  | | loam | | | | | | |  | 26-30 |Bedrock | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---  | | | | | | | | | 
604

Table 17.--Engineering Index Properties--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________ | | | Classification | Fragments | Percentage pass Map symbol | | |___________________________|_____________| sieve number- and soil name | Depth | USDA texture | | | >10 | 3-10 |____________________ | | | Unified | AASHTO |inches|inches| 4 | 10 | 40 _________________|_______|_______________|_____________|_____________|______|______|______|______|______ | In | | | | Pct | Pct | | | 

 | | | | | | | | | CbC: | | | | | | | | |  Berks-----------| 0-5 |Channery loam |ML, SC, GM, |A-2, A-4 | 0 | 0-30 |50-80 |45-70 |40-60  | | | GC | | | | | |  | 5-19 |Very channery |GC, GM, SC, |A-1, A-2, A-4| 0 | 0-30 |40-80 |35-70 |25-60  | | loam, very | SM | | | | | |  | | channery silt | | | | | | |  | | loam, channery| | | | | | |  | | silt loam | | | | | | |  | 19-23 |Extremely |GC-GM, GM, SM|A-1, A-2 | 0 | 0-40 |35-65 |25-55 |20-40  | | channery loam,| | | | | | |  | | very channery | | | | | | |  | | loam, | | | | | | |  | | extremely | | | | | | |  | | channery silt | | | | | | |  | | loam | | | | | | |  | 23-27 |Bedrock | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---  | | | | | | | | | CkB: | | | | | | | | |  Calvin----------| 0-3 |Channery loam |CL, ML |A-4 | 0 | 0-15 |70-95 |70-90 |65-75  | 3-18 |Very channery |ML, SM, GM |A-2, A-4, A-6| 0 | 0-15 |70-95 |55-90 |40-60  | | loam, channery| | | | | | |  | | loam, channery| | | | | | |  | | silt loam | | | | | | |  | 18-26 |Extremely |GC, GM, SM, |A-1, A-2, | 0 | 0-20 |35-75 |15-45 |15-45  | | channery loam,| SC | A-4, A-6 | | | | |  | | very channery | | | | | | |  | | loam, very | | | | | | |  | | channery silt | | | | | | |  | | loam | | | | | | |  | 26-30 |Bedrock | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---  | | | | | | | | |  Klinesville-----| 0-2 |Channery loam |SM, GM |A-2, A-4 | 0 | 0-10 |55-85 |50-70 |35-50  | 2-14 |Very channery |GM, GP, SM, |A-1, A-2, A-4| 0 | 0-10 |25-75 |15-55 |10-50  | | loam, channery| SP | | | | | |  | | silt loam, | | | | | | |  | | extremely | | | | | | |  | | channery loam | | | | | | |  | 14-18 |Very channery |GM, SM |A-1, A-2 | 0 | 0-20 |15-60 |10-50 |10-40  | | loam, | | | | | | |  | | extremely | | | | | | |  | | channery loam,| | | | | | |  | | very channery | | | | | | |  | | silt loam | | | | | | |  | 18-22 |Bedrock | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---  | | | | | | | | | 
605

Table 17.--Engineering Index Properties--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________ | | | Classification | Fragments | Percentage pass Map symbol | | |___________________________|_____________| sieve number- and soil name | Depth | USDA texture | | | >10 | 3-10 |____________________ | | | Unified | AASHTO |inches|inches| 4 | 10 | 40 _________________|_______|_______________|_____________|_____________|______|______|______|______|______ | In | | | | Pct | Pct | | | 

 | | | | | | | | | CkC: | | | | | | | | |  Calvin----------| 0-3 |Channery loam |CL, ML |A-4 | 0 | 0-15 |70-95 |70-90 |65-75  | 3-18 |Very channery |SM, GM, ML |A-6, A-2, A-4| 0 | 0-15 |70-95 |55-90 |40-60  | | loam, channery| | | | | | |  | | loam, channery| | | | | | |  | | silt loam | | | | | | |  | 18-26 |Extremely |SC, GC, GM, |A-1, A-2, | 0 | 0-20 |35-75 |15-45 |15-45  | | channery loam,| SM | A-4, A-6 | | | | |  | | very channery | | | | | | |  | | loam, very | | | | | | |  | | channery silt | | | | | | |  | | loam | | | | | | |  | 26-30 |Bedrock | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---  | | | | | | | | |  Klinesville-----| 0-2 |Channery loam |SM, GM |A-4, A-2 | 0 | 0-10 |55-85 |50-70 |35-50  | 2-14 |Very channery |SM, GP, GM, |A-1, A-2, A-4| 0 | 0-10 |25-75 |15-55 |10-50  | | loam, channery| SP | | | | | |  | | silt loam, | | | | | | |  | | extremely | | | | | | |  | | channery loam | | | | | | |  | 14-18 |Very channery |GM, SM |A-1, A-2 | 0 | 0-20 |15-60 |10-50 |10-40  | | loam, | | | | | | |  | | extremely | | | | | | |  | | channery loam,| | | | | | |  | | very channery | | | | | | |  | | silt loam | | | | | | |  | 18-22 |Bedrock | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---  | | | | | | | | | CkD: | | | | | | | | |  Calvin----------| 0-3 |Channery loam |ML, CL |A-4 | 0 | 0-15 |70-95 |70-90 |65-75  | 3-18 |Very channery |GM, ML, SM |A-6, A-2, A-4| 0 | 0-15 |70-95 |55-90 |40-60  | | loam, channery| | | | | | |  | | loam, channery| | | | | | |  | | silt loam | | | | | | |  | 18-26 |Extremely |SC, SM, GM, |A-1, A-2, | 0 | 0-20 |35-75 |15-45 |15-45  | | channery loam,| GC | A-4, A-6 | | | | |  | | very channery | | | | | | |  | | loam, very | | | | | | |  | | channery silt | | | | | | |  | | loam | | | | | | |  | 26-30 |Bedrock | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---  | | | | | | | | | 
606

Table 17.--Engineering Index Properties--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________ | | | Classification | Fragments | Percentage pass Map symbol | | |___________________________|_____________| sieve number- and soil name | Depth | USDA texture | | | >10 | 3-10 |____________________ | | | Unified | AASHTO |inches|inches| 4 | 10 | 40 _________________|_______|_______________|_____________|_____________|______|______|______|______|______ | In | | | | Pct | Pct | | | 

 | | | | | | | | | CkD: | | | | | | | | |  Klinesville-----| 0-2 |Channery loam |GM, SM |A-4, A-2 | 0 | 0-10 |55-85 |50-70 |35-50  | 2-14 |Very channery |GM, GP, SM, |A-1, A-2, A-4| 0 | 0-10 |25-75 |15-55 |10-50  | | loam, channery| SP | | | | | |  | | silt loam, | | | | | | |  | | extremely | | | | | | |  | | channery loam | | | | | | |  | 14-18 |Very channery |GM, SM |A-1, A-2 | 0 | 0-20 |15-60 |10-50 |10-40  | | loam, | | | | | | |  | | extremely | | | | | | |  | | channery loam,| | | | | | |  | | very channery | | | | | | |  | | silt loam | | | | | | |  | 18-22 |Bedrock | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---  | | | | | | | | | CkE: | | | | | | | | |  Calvin----------| 0-3 |Channery loam |ML, CL |A-4 | 0 | 0-15 |70-95 |70-90 |65-75  | 3-18 |Very channery |GM, ML, SM |A-2, A-4, A-6| 0 | 0-15 |70-95 |55-90 |40-60  | | loam, channery| | | | | | |  | | loam, channery| | | | | | |  | | silt loam | | | | | | |  | 18-26 |Extremely |GC, GM, SC, |A-1, A-2, | 0 | 0-20 |35-75 |15-45 |15-45  | | channery loam,| SM | A-4, A-6 | | | | |  | | very channery | | | | | | |  | | loam, very | | | | | | |  | | channery silt | | | | | | |  | | loam | | | | | | |  | 26-30 |Bedrock | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---  | | | | | | | | |  Klinesville-----| 0-2 |Channery loam |SM, GM |A-4, A-2 | 0 | 0-10 |55-85 |50-70 |35-50  | 2-14 |Very channery |GM, GP, SP, |A-1, A-2, A-4| 0 | 0-10 |25-75 |15-55 |10-50  | | loam, channery| SM | | | | | |  | | silt loam, | | | | | | |  | | extremely | | | | | | |  | | channery loam | | | | | | |  | 14-18 |Very channery |GM, SM |A-1, A-2 | 0 | 0-20 |15-60 |10-50 |10-40  | | loam, | | | | | | |  | | extremely | | | | | | |  | | channery loam,| | | | | | |  | | very channery | | | | | | |  | | silt loam | | | | | | |  | 18-22 |Bedrock | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---  | | | | | | | | | 
607

Table 17.--Engineering Index Properties--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________ | | | Classification | Fragments | Percentage pass Map symbol | | |___________________________|_____________| sieve number- and soil name | Depth | USDA texture | | | >10 | 3-10 |____________________ | | | Unified | AASHTO |inches|inches| 4 | 10 | 40 _________________|_______|_______________|_____________|_____________|______|______|______|______|______ | In | | | | Pct | Pct | | | 

 | | | | | | | | | CkF: | | | | | | | | |  Calvin----------| 0-3 |Channery loam |CL, ML |A-4 | 0 | 0-15 |70-95 |70-90 |65-75  | 3-18 |Very channery |ML, SM, GM |A-2, A-4, A-6| 0 | 0-15 |70-95 |55-90 |40-60  | | loam, channery| | | | | | |  | | loam, channery| | | | | | |  | | silt loam | | | | | | |  | 18-26 |Extremely |GC, GM, SC, |A-1, A-2, | 0 | 0-20 |35-75 |15-45 |15-45  | | channery loam,| SM | A-4, A-6 | | | | |  | | very channery | | | | | | |  | | loam, very | | | | | | |  | | channery silt | | | | | | |  | | loam | | | | | | |  | 26-30 |Bedrock | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---  | | | | | | | | |  Klinesville-----| 0-2 |Channery loam |SM, GM |A-4, A-2 | 0 | 0-10 |55-85 |50-70 |35-50  | 2-14 |Very channery |SP, GP, GM, |A-1, A-2, A-4| 0 | 0-10 |25-75 |15-55 |10-50  | | loam, channery| SM | | | | | |  | | silt loam, | | | | | | |  | | extremely | | | | | | |  | | channery loam | | | | | | |  | 14-18 |Very channery |SM, GM |A-1, A-2 | 0 | 0-20 |15-60 |10-50 |10-40  | | loam, | | | | | | |  | | extremely | | | | | | |  | | channery loam,| | | | | | |  | | very channery | | | | | | |  | | silt loam | | | | | | |  | 18-22 |Bedrock | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---  | | | | | | | | | ClC: | | | | | | | | |  Caneyville------| 0-4 |Silt loam |CL, CL-ML, ML|A-4, A-6 | 0 | 0-5 |80-100|75-100|75-10 | 4-12 |Gravelly silt |CL |A-6 | 0 | 0-5 |65-100|60-100|45-10 | | loam, silty | | | | | | |  | | clay loam, | | | | | | |  | | loam | | | | | | |  | 12-24 |Silty clay, |CH |A-7 | 0-15 | 0-15 |70-100|55-100|50-10 | | clay, channery| | | | | | |  | | silty clay | | | | | | |  | | loam | | | | | | |  | 24-28 |Bedrock | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---  | | | | | | | | | 
608

Table 17.--Engineering Index Properties--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________ | | | Classification | Fragments | Percentage pass Map symbol | | |___________________________|_____________| sieve number- and soil name | Depth | USDA texture | | | >10 | 3-10 |____________________ | | | Unified | AASHTO |inches|inches| 4 | 10 | 40 _________________|_______|_______________|_____________|_____________|______|______|______|______|______ | In | | | | Pct | Pct | | | 

 | | | | | | | | | ClD: | | | | | | | | |  Caneyville------| 0-4 |Silt loam |CL, CL-ML, ML|A-4, A-6 | 0 | 0-5 |80-100|75-100|75-10 | 4-12 |Gravelly silt |CL |A-6 | 0 | 0-5 |65-100|60-100|45-10 | | loam, gravelly| | | | | | |  | | loam, silty | | | | | | |  | | clay loam | | | | | | |  | 12-24 |Silty clay, |CH |A-7 | 0-15 | 0-15 |70-100|55-100|50-10 | | clay, channery| | | | | | |  | | silty clay | | | | | | |  | | loam | | | | | | |  | 24-28 |Bedrock | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---  | | | | | | | | | ClE: | | | | | | | | |  Caneyville------| 0-4 |Silt loam |CL, CL-ML, ML|A-4, A-6 | 0 | 0-5 |80-100|75-100|75-10 | 4-12 |Gravelly silt |CL |A-6 | 0 | 0-5 |65-100|60-100|45-10 | | loam, gravelly| | | | | | |  | | loam, silty | | | | | | |  | | clay loam | | | | | | |  | 12-24 |Silty clay, |CH |A-7 | 0-15 | 0-15 |70-100|55-100|50-10 | | clay, channery| | | | | | |  | | silty clay | | | | | | |  | | loam | | | | | | |  | 24-28 |Bedrock | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---  | | | | | | | | | CnF: | | | | | | | | |  Caneyville------| 0-4 |Silty clay loam|CL |A-6 | 0 | 0-5 |80-100|75-100|75-10 | 4-24 |Silty clay, |CH |A-7 | 0-15 | 0-15 |70-100|55-100|50-10 | | clay, channery| | | | | | |  | | silty clay | | | | | | |  | | loam | | | | | | |  | 24-28 |Bedrock | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---  | | | | | | | | | CrB: | | | | | | | | |  Clarksburg------| 0-12 |Gravelly silt |CL, ML |A-4, A-6 | 0 | 0-15 |80-100|65-95 |60-80  | | loam | | | | | | |  | 12-29 |Silty clay |CL, CL-ML, ML|A-4, A-6, A-7| 0 | 0-10 |80-100|65-100|60-95  | | loam, loam, | | | | | | |  | | gravelly silt | | | | | | |  | | loam | | | | | | |  | 29-60 |Gravelly clay |CL, CL-ML, |A-4, A-6, A-7| 0 | 0-15 |75-100|55-100|50-95  | | loam, clay | SC-SM, SC | | | | | |  | | loam, silty | | | | | | |  | | clay loam | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | 
609

Table 17.--Engineering Index Properties--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________ | | | Classification | Fragments | Percentage pass Map symbol | | |___________________________|_____________| sieve number- and soil name | Depth | USDA texture | | | >10 | 3-10 |____________________ | | | Unified | AASHTO |inches|inches| 4 | 10 | 40 _________________|_______|_______________|_____________|_____________|______|______|______|______|______ | In | | | | Pct | Pct | | | 

 | | | | | | | | | CrC: | | | | | | | | |  Clarksburg------| 0-12 |Gravelly silt |ML, CL |A-4, A-6 | 0 | 0-15 |80-100|65-95 |60-80  | | loam | | | | | | |  | 12-29 |Silty clay |CL-ML, ML, CL|A-4, A-6, A-7| 0 | 0-10 |80-100|65-100|60-95  | | loam, loam, | | | | | | |  | | gravelly silt | | | | | | |  | | loam | | | | | | |  | 29-60 |Gravelly clay |SC-SM, CL-ML,|A-4, A-6, A-7| 0 | 0-15 |75-100|55-100|50-95  | | loam, clay | SC, CL | | | | | |  | | loam, silty | | | | | | |  | | clay loam | | | | | | | CvB: | | | | | | | | |  Clearbrook------| 0-8 |Silt loam |CL, CL-ML |A-4, A-6 | 0 | 0-15 |90-100|75-100|65-85  | 8-19 |Very channery |CL |A-6 | 0 |10-50 |75-90 |60-85 |55-75  | | silty clay | | | | | | |  | | loam, channery| | | | | | |  | | silt loam, | | | | | | |  | | channery loam | | | | | | |  | 19-22 |Extremely |SC, GC, CL |A-6, A-7 | 0 |10-50 |60-85 |50-75 |35-65  | | channery silty| | | | | | |  | | clay, very | | | | | | |  | | channery silty| | | | | | |  | | clay loam, | | | | | | |  | | very channery | | | | | | |  | | silt loam | | | | | | |  | 22-26 |Bedrock | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---  | | | | | | | | |  Cavode----------| 0-12 |Silt loam |CL, ML |A-4 | 0 | 0-5 |90-100|80-100|80-95  | 12-51 |Silty clay |CL, CL-ML, ML|A-4, A-6, A-7| 0 | 0-5 |85-100|80-100|80-95  | | loam, silty | | | | | | |  | | clay, clay | | | | | | |  | 51-62 |Very channery |GC, CL, ML, |A-2, A-4, A-6| 0 | 0-45 |50-100|35-100|30-80  | | silty clay | GM | | | | | |  | | loam, channery| | | | | | |  | | silt loam, | | | | | | |  | | clay | | | | | | |  | 62-66 |Bedrock | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---  | | | | | | | | | Cz: | | | | | | | | |  Combs-----------| 0-20 |Fine sandy loam|SM, SC-SM, |A-2, A-4 | 0 | 0 |90-100|75-100|60-85  | | | ML, CL-ML | | | | | |  | 20-53 |Fine sandy |SM, SC-SM, |A-2, A-4 | 0 | 0 |90-100|75-100|65-10 | | loam, loam, | ML, CL-ML | | | | | |  | | silt loam | | | | | | |  | 53-65 |Fine sandy |CL-ML, ML, |A-2, A-4 | 0 | 0 |90-100|75-100|65-10 | | loam, loam, | SC-SM, SM | | | | | |  | | sandy loam | | | | | | | 
610

Table 17.--Engineering Index Properties--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________ | | | Classification | Fragments | Percentage pass Map symbol | | |___________________________|_____________| sieve number- and soil name | Depth | USDA texture | | | >10 | 3-10 |____________________ | | | Unified | AASHTO |inches|inches| 4 | 10 | 40 _________________|_______|_______________|_____________|_____________|______|______|______|______|______ | In | | | | Pct | Pct | | | 

 | | | | | | | | | DkC: | | | | | | | | |  Dekalb----------| 0-1 |Highly |PT |A-8 | 5-25 |15-50 | --- | --- | ---  | | decomposed | | | | | | |  | | plant material| | | | | | |  | 1-4 |Channery sandy |CL-ML, SM, |A-1, A-2, A-4| 0 | 5-40 |50-85 |40-75 |40-75  | | loam | GM, ML | | | | | |  | 4-15 |Very channery |GM, GC-GM, |A-1, A-2, A-4| 0 | 5-40 |50-85 |40-75 |40-75  | | sandy loam, | SM, ML | | | | | |  | | channery loamy| | | | | | |  | | sand, channery| | | | | | |  | | loam | | | | | | |  | 15-24 |Extremely |SC, SM, GM, |A-1, A-2, A-4| 0-1 |10-50 |45-85 |25-75 |20-65  | | flaggy sandy | GC | | | | | |  | | loam, channery| | | | | | |  | | loam, very | | | | | | |  | | flaggy loamy | | | | | | |  | | sand | | | | | | |  | 24-28 |Bedrock | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---  | | | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | DrE: | | | | | | | | |  Dekalb----------| 0-1 |Bouldery highly|PT |A-8 |25-65 |15-50 | --- | --- | ---  | | decomposed | | | | | | |  | | plant material| | | | | | |  | 1-3 |Channery sandy |SM, ML, GM, |A-1, A-2, A-4| 3-11 | 5-40 |50-85 |40-75 |40-75  | | loam | CL-ML | | | | | |  | 3-24 |Very channery |GC-GM, GM, |A-1, A-2, A-4| 0 | 5-40 |50-85 |40-75 |40-75  | | sandy loam, | ML, SM | | | | | |  | | channery loam,| | | | | | |  | | channery sandy| | | | | | |  | | loam | | | | | | |  | 24-34 |Extremely |SC, SM, GM, |A-1, A-2, A-4| 0-1 |10-50 |45-85 |25-75 |20-65  | | flaggy sandy | GC | | | | | |  | | loam, channery| | | | | | |  | | sandy loam, | | | | | | |  | | very flaggy | | | | | | |  | | loamy sand | | | | | | |  | 34-38 |Bedrock | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---  | | | | | | | | |  Rock outcrop----| 0-60 |Bedrock | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---  | | | | | | | | | 
611

Table 17.--Engineering Index Properties--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________ | | | Classification | Fragments | Percentage pass Map symbol | | |___________________________|_____________| sieve number- and soil name | Depth | USDA texture | | | >10 | 3-10 |____________________ | | | Unified | AASHTO |inches|inches| 4 | 10 | 40 _________________|_______|_______________|_____________|_____________|______|______|______|______|______ | In | | | | Pct | Pct | | | 

 | | | | | | | | | DsB: | | | | | | | | |  Downsville------| 0-10 |Gravelly loam |SM, CL, ML |A-2, A-4, A-6| 0 | 0-10 |60-85 |55-80 |45-70  | 10-18 |Gravelly loam, |SM, CL, GM, |A-2, A-4, A-6| 0 | 5-15 |60-85 |55-80 |45-70  | | very gravelly | ML | | | | | |  | | sandy loam, | | | | | | |  | | gravelly fine | | | | | | |  | | sandy loam | | | | | | |  | 18-30 |Very gravelly |SC, CL, GC, |A-2, A-4, A-6| 0 | 5-20 |50-80 |45-80 |40-75  | | loam, very | GM | | | | | |  | | gravelly sandy| | | | | | |  | | clay loam, | | | | | | |  | | very gravelly | | | | | | |  | | clay loam | | | | | | |  | 30-99 |Very gravelly |GC, CL, GM, |A-2, A-4, A-6| 0 | 0-15 |50-80 |45-80 |40-75  | | sandy clay | SC | | | | | |  | | loam, very | | | | | | |  | | gravelly clay | | | | | | |  | | loam, very | | | | | | |  | | gravelly sandy| | | | | | |  | | loam | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | DsC: | | | | | | | | |  Downsville------| 0-7 |Gravelly loam |CL, ML, SM |A-2, A-4, A-6| 0 | 0-10 |60-85 |55-80 |45-70  | 7-15 |Gravelly loam, |SM, CL, GM, |A-2, A-4, A-6| 0 | 5-15 |60-85 |55-80 |45-70  | | very gravelly | ML | | | | | |  | | sandy loam, | | | | | | |  | | gravelly fine | | | | | | |  | | sandy loam | | | | | | |  | 15-27 |Very gravelly |GM, CL, GC, |A-2, A-4, A-6| 0 | 5-20 |50-80 |45-80 |40-75  | | clay loam, | SC | | | | | |  | | very gravelly | | | | | | |  | | sandy clay | | | | | | |  | | loam, very | | | | | | |  | | gravelly loam | | | | | | |  | 27-99 |Very gravelly |CL, GC, GM, |A-2, A-4, A-6| 0 | 0-15 |50-80 |45-80 |40-75  | | sandy clay | SC | | | | | |  | | loam, very | | | | | | |  | | gravelly clay | | | | | | |  | | loam, very | | | | | | |  | | gravelly sandy| | | | | | |  | | loam | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | 
612

Table 17.--Engineering Index Properties--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________ | | | Classification | Fragments | Percentage pass Map symbol | | |___________________________|_____________| sieve number- and soil name | Depth | USDA texture | | | >10 | 3-10 |____________________ | | | Unified | AASHTO |inches|inches| 4 | 10 | 40 _________________|_______|_______________|_____________|_____________|______|______|______|______|______ | In | | | | Pct | Pct | | | 

 | | | | | | | | | Dz: | | | | | | | | |  Dunning---------| 0-12 |Silty clay loam|CL |A-6, A-7 | 0 | 0 | 100 |95-100|90-10 | 12-46 |Silty clay, |CL, CH |A-7 | 0 | 0 | 100 |95-100|90-10 | | clay, silty | | | | | | |  | | clay loam | | | | | | |  | 46-65 |Stratified |CL, CL-ML, CH|A-4, A-5, | 0 | 0-5 |85-100|70-100|60-10 | | silty clay to | | A-6, A-7 | | | | |  | | clay loam to | | | | | | |  | | silt loam to | | | | | | |  | | gravelly sandy| | | | | | |  | | loam | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | ErB: | | | | | | | | |  Ernest----------| 0-7 |Silt loam |CL-ML, CL |A-4, A-6 | 0 | 0-10 |85-100|80-100|70-95  | 7-27 |Channery silty |CL, CL-ML |A-4, A-6, A-7| 0-5 | 0-15 |75-100|70-100|65-90  | | clay loam, | | | | | | |  | | silt loam, | | | | | | |  | | channery silt | | | | | | |  | | loam | | | | | | |  | 27-43 |Channery silty |CL, GM, ML, |A-4, A-6, A-7| 0-5 | 0-20 |70-95 |55-95 |55-90  | | clay loam, | SC-SM | | | | | |  | | silt loam, | | | | | | |  | | channery clay | | | | | | |  | | loam | | | | | | |  | 43-65 |Channery silt |CL, GC, SC-SM|A-4, A-6, A-7| 0-5 | 0-20 |70-95 |45-95 |45-90  | | loam, silty | | | | | | |  | | clay loam, | | | | | | |  | | clay loam | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | ErC: | | | | | | | | |  Ernest----------| 0-6 |Silt loam |CL, CL-ML |A-4, A-6 | 0 | 0-10 |85-100|80-100|70-95  | 6-26 |Channery silty |CL, CL-ML |A-4, A-6, A-7| 0-5 | 0-15 |75-100|70-100|65-90  | | clay loam, | | | | | | |  | | silt loam, | | | | | | |  | | channery silt | | | | | | |  | | loam | | | | | | |  | 26-42 |Channery silty |CL, GM, ML, |A-4, A-6, A-7| 0-5 | 0-20 |70-95 |55-95 |55-90  | | clay loam, | SC-SM | | | | | |  | | silt loam, | | | | | | |  | | channery clay | | | | | | |  | | loam | | | | | | |  | 42-65 |Channery silt |CL, GC, SC-SM|A-4, A-6, A-7| 0-5 | 0-20 |70-95 |45-95 |45-90  | | loam, silty | | | | | | |  | | clay loam, | | | | | | |  | | clay loam | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | 
613

Table 17.--Engineering Index Properties--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________ | | | Classification | Fragments | Percentage pass Map symbol | | |___________________________|_____________| sieve number- and soil name | Depth | USDA texture | | | >10 | 3-10 |____________________ | | | Unified | AASHTO |inches|inches| 4 | 10 | 40 _________________|_______|_______________|_____________|_____________|______|______|______|______|______ | In | | | | Pct | Pct | | | 

 | | | | | | | | | HaE: | | | | | | | | |  Hazleton--------| 0-1 |Slightly |PT |A-8 | 5-25 |15-50 | --- | --- | ---  | | decomposed | | | | | | |  | | plant material| | | | | | |  | 1-2 |Moderately |PT |A-8 | 5-25 |15-50 | --- | --- | ---  | | decomposed | | | | | | |  | | plant material| | | | | | |  | 2-5 |Channery loam |SM, GM, ML, |A-4 | 0-5 | 0-50 |60-85 |50-80 |50-70  | | | SC-SM | | | | | |  | 5-49 |Very channery |SC, GM, ML, |A-1, A-2, A-4| 0-5 | 0-50 |60-95 |45-90 |35-70  | | loam, | SM | | | | | |  | | extremely | | | | | | |  | | channery sandy| | | | | | |  | | loam, channery| | | | | | |  | | loam | | | | | | |  | 49-65 |Very channery |GM, GC, SC, |A-1, A-2, A-4| 2-10 | 5-60 |50-80 |35-75 |25-65  | | sandy loam, | SM | | | | | |  | | extremely | | | | | | |  | | channery loam,| | | | | | |  | | very channery | | | | | | |  | | loamy sand | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | |  Dekalb----------| 0-1 |Highly |PT |A-8 | 5-25 |15-50 | --- | --- | ---  | | decomposed | | | | | | |  | | plant material| | | | | | |  | 1-4 |Channery sandy |GM, CL-ML, |A-1, A-2, A-4| 0 | 5-40 |50-85 |40-75 |40-75  | | loam | ML, SM | | | | | |  | 4-15 |Very channery |GC-GM, SM, |A-1, A-2, A-4| 0 | 5-40 |50-85 |40-75 |40-75  | | sandy loam, | ML, GM | | | | | |  | | channery loam,| | | | | | |  | | channery sandy| | | | | | |  | | loam | | | | | | |  | 15-24 |Very channery |SC, SM, GC, |A-1, A-2, A-4| 0-1 |10-50 |45-85 |25-75 |20-65  | | sandy loam, | GM | | | | | |  | | flaggy sandy | | | | | | |  | | loam, very | | | | | | |  | | flaggy loamy | | | | | | |  | | sand | | | | | | |  | 24-28 |Bedrock | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---  | | | | | | | | | 
614

Table 17.--Engineering Index Properties--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________ | | | Classification | Fragments | Percentage pass Map symbol | | |___________________________|_____________| sieve number- and soil name | Depth | USDA texture | | | >10 | 3-10 |____________________ | | | Unified | AASHTO |inches|inches| 4 | 10 | 40 _________________|_______|_______________|_____________|_____________|______|______|______|______|______ | In | | | | Pct | Pct | | | 

 | | | | | | | | | HaF: | | | | | | | | |  Hazleton--------| 0-1 |Slightly |PT |A-8 | 5-25 |15-50 | --- | --- | ---  | | decomposed | | | | | | |  | | plant material| | | | | | |  | 1-2 |Moderately |PT |A-8 | 5-25 |15-50 | --- | --- | ---  | | decomposed | | | | | | |  | | plant material| | | | | | |  | 2-5 |Channery loam |SM, GM, SC- |A-4 | 0-5 | 0-50 |60-85 |50-80 |50-70  | | | SM, ML | | | | | |  | 5-49 |Very channery |GM, ML, SM, |A-1, A-2, A-4| 0-5 | 0-50 |60-95 |45-90 |35-70  | | loam, | SC | | | | | |  | | extremely | | | | | | |  | | channery sandy| | | | | | |  | | loam, channery| | | | | | |  | | loam | | | | | | |  | 49-65 |Very channery |GM, SM, GC, |A-1, A-2, A-4| 2-10 | 5-60 |50-80 |35-75 |25-65  | | sandy loam, | SC | | | | | |  | | extremely | | | | | | |  | | channery loam,| | | | | | |  | | very channery | | | | | | |  | | loamy sand | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | |  Dekalb----------| 0-1 |Highly |PT |A-8 | 5-25 |15-50 | --- | --- | ---  | | decomposed | | | | | | |  | | plant material| | | | | | |  | 1-4 |Channery sandy |GM, CL-ML, |A-1, A-2, A-4| 0 | 5-40 |50-85 |40-75 |40-75  | | loam | SM, ML | | | | | |  | 4-15 |Very channery |GM, ML, SM, |A-1, A-2, A-4| 0 | 5-40 |50-85 |40-75 |40-75  | | sandy loam, | GC-GM | | | | | |  | | channery loam,| | | | | | |  | | channery sandy| | | | | | |  | | loam | | | | | | |  | 15-24 |Very channery |GM, SC, GC, |A-1, A-2, A-4| 0-1 |10-50 |45-85 |25-75 |20-65  | | sandy loam, | SM | | | | | |  | | flaggy sandy | | | | | | |  | | loam, very | | | | | | |  | | flaggy loamy | | | | | | |  | | sand | | | | | | |  | 24-28 |Bedrock | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---  | | | | | | | | | 
615

Table 17.--Engineering Index Properties--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________ | | | Classification | Fragments | Percentage pass Map symbol | | |___________________________|_____________| sieve number- and soil name | Depth | USDA texture | | | >10 | 3-10 |____________________ | | | Unified | AASHTO |inches|inches| 4 | 10 | 40 _________________|_______|_______________|_____________|_____________|______|______|______|______|______ | In | | | | Pct | Pct | | | 

 | | | | | | | | | HdF: | | | | | | | | |  Hazleton--------| 0-1 |Bouldery |PT |A-8 |25-65 |15-50 | --- | --- | ---  | | slightly | | | | | | |  | | decomposed | | | | | | |  | | plant material| | | | | | |  | 1-2 |Bouldery |PT |A-8 |25-65 |15-50 | --- | --- | ---  | | moderately | | | | | | |  | | decomposed | | | | | | |  | | plant material| | | | | | |  | 2-5 |Channery sandy |GM, ML, SC- |A-4 | 0-5 | 0-50 |60-85 |50-80 |50-70  | | loam | SM, SM | | | | | |  | 5-49 |Very channery |GM, ML, SC, |A-1, A-2, A-4| 0-5 | 0-50 |60-95 |45-90 |35-70  | | sandy loam, | SM | | | | | |  | | extremely | | | | | | |  | | channery sandy| | | | | | |  | | loam, channery| | | | | | |  | | loam | | | | | | |  | 49-65 |Very channery |SM, SC, GM, |A-1, A-2, A-4| 2-10 | 5-60 |50-80 |35-75 |25-65  | | loamy sand, | GC | | | | | |  | | very channery | | | | | | |  | | sandy loam, | | | | | | |  | | extremely | | | | | | |  | | channery loam | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | |  Dekalb----------| 0-1 |Bouldery highly|PT |A-8 |25-65 |15-30 | --- | --- | ---  | | decomposed | | | | | | |  | | plant material| | | | | | |  | 1-4 |Channery sandy |SM, CL-ML, |A-1, A-2, A-4| 0 | 5-40 |50-85 |40-75 |40-75  | | loam | GM, ML | | | | | |  | 4-15 |Very channery |GC-GM, GM, |A-1, A-2, A-4| 0 | 5-40 |50-85 |40-75 |40-75  | | sandy loam, | ML, SM | | | | | |  | | channery loam,| | | | | | |  | | channery sandy| | | | | | |  | | loam | | | | | | |  | 15-24 |Very channery |SC, SM, GC, |A-1, A-2, A-4| 0-1 |10-50 |45-85 |25-75 |20-65  | | sandy loam, | GM | | | | | |  | | flaggy sandy | | | | | | |  | | loam, very | | | | | | |  | | flaggy loamy | | | | | | |  | | sand | | | | | | |  | 24-28 |Bedrock | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---  | | | | | | | | |  Rock outcrop----| 0-60 |Bedrock | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---  | | | | | | | | | 
616

Table 17.--Engineering Index Properties--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________ | | | Classification | Fragments | Percentage pass Map symbol | | |___________________________|_____________| sieve number- and soil name | Depth | USDA texture | | | >10 | 3-10 |____________________ | | | Unified | AASHTO |inches|inches| 4 | 10 | 40 _________________|_______|_______________|_____________|_____________|______|______|______|______|______ | In | | | | Pct | Pct | | | 

 | | | | | | | | | HeF: | | | | | | | | |  Hazleton--------| 0-1 |Extremely |PT |A-8 |65-95 |15-50 | --- | --- | ---  | | bouldery | | | | | | |  | | slightly | | | | | | |  | | decomposed | | | | | | |  | | plant material| | | | | | |  | 1-2 |Extremely |PT |A-8 |65-95 |15-50 | --- | --- | ---  | | bouldery | | | | | | |  | | moderately | | | | | | |  | | decomposed | | | | | | |  | | plant material| | | | | | |  | 2-5 |Channery sandy |GM, ML, SC- |A-4 | 0-5 | 0-50 |60-85 |50-80 |50-70  | | loam | SM, SM | | | | | |  | 5-49 |Very channery |GM, ML, SC, |A-1, A-2, A-4| 0-5 | 0-50 |60-95 |45-90 |35-70  | | sandy loam, | SM | | | | | |  | | extremely | | | | | | |  | | channery sandy| | | | | | |  | | loam, channery| | | | | | |  | | loam | | | | | | |  | 49-65 |Very channery |GM, GC, SC, |A-1, A-2, A-4| 2-10 | 5-60 |50-80 |35-75 |25-65  | | loamy sand, | SM | | | | | |  | | very channery | | | | | | |  | | sandy loam, | | | | | | |  | | extremely | | | | | | |  | | channery loam | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | |  Dekalb----------| 0-1 |Extremely |PT |A-8 |65-95 |15-50 | --- | --- | ---  | | bouldery | | | | | | |  | | highly | | | | | | |  | | decomposed | | | | | | |  | | plant material| | | | | | |  | 1-4 |Channery sandy |ML, CL-ML, |A-1, A-2, A-4| 0 | 5-40 |50-85 |40-75 |40-75  | | loam | SM, GM | | | | | |  | 4-15 |Very channery |GC-GM, GM, |A-1, A-2, A-4| 0 | 5-40 |50-85 |40-75 |40-75  | | sandy loam, | ML, SM | | | | | |  | | channery loam,| | | | | | |  | | channery sandy| | | | | | |  | | loam | | | | | | |  | 15-24 |Very channery |GM, SC, SM, |A-1, A-2, A-4| 0-1 |10-50 |45-85 |25-75 |20-65  | | sandy loam, | GC | | | | | |  | | flaggy sandy | | | | | | |  | | loam, very | | | | | | |  | | flaggy loamy | | | | | | |  | | sand | | | | | | |  | 24-28 |Bedrock | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---  | | | | | | | | |  Rock outcrop----| 0-60 |Bedrock | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- 
617

Table 17.--Engineering Index Properties--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________ | | | Classification | Fragments | Percentage pass Map symbol | | |___________________________|_____________| sieve number- and soil name | Depth | USDA texture | | | >10 | 3-10 |____________________ | | | Unified | AASHTO |inches|inches| 4 | 10 | 40 _________________|_______|_______________|_____________|_____________|______|______|______|______|______ | In | | | | Pct | Pct | | | 

 | | | | | | | | | HlF: | | | | | | | | |  Hazleton--------| 0-1 |Slightly |PT |A-8 | 5-25 |15-50 | --- | --- | ---  | | decomposed | | | | | | |  | | plant material| | | | | | |  | 1-2 |Moderately |PT |A-8 | 5-25 |15-50 | --- | --- | ---  | | decomposed | | | | | | |  | | plant material| | | | | | |  | 2-5 |Channery loam |SC-SM, SM, |A-4 | 0-5 | 0-50 |60-85 |50-80 |50-70  | | | ML, GM | | | | | |  | 5-49 |Very channery |ML, GM, SM, |A-1, A-2, A-4| 0-5 | 0-50 |60-95 |45-90 |35-70  | | loam, | SC | | | | | |  | | extremely | | | | | | |  | | channery sandy| | | | | | |  | | loam, channery| | | | | | |  | | loam | | | | | | |  | 49-65 |Very channery |GM, GC, SM, |A-1, A-2, A-4| 2-10 | 5-60 |50-80 |35-75 |25-65  | | sandy loam, | SC | | | | | |  | | extremely | | | | | | |  | | channery loam,| | | | | | |  | | very channery | | | | | | |  | | loamy sand | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | |  Lehew-----------| 0-.5 |Slightly |PT |A-8 | 5-25 |15-30 | --- | --- | ---  | | decomposed | | | | | | |  | | plant material| | | | | | |  | .5-6 |Channery fine |CL-ML, GM, |A-2, A-4 | 0 | 5-30 |50-90 |45-80 |40-75  | | sandy loam | ML, SM | | | | | |  | 6-29 |Very channery |GC-GM, GM, |A-2, A-4 | 0 | 5-40 |45-75 |30-65 |20-55  | | sandy loam, | SC-SM, SM | | | | | |  | | channery fine | | | | | | |  | | sandy loam, | | | | | | |  | | channery loam | | | | | | |  | 29-35 |Very channery |SC-SM, SM, |A-2, A-4 | 0 |10-50 |45-75 |30-65 |20-55  | | sandy loam, | GM, GC-GM | | | | | |  | | very channery | | | | | | |  | | fine sandy | | | | | | |  | | loam, channery| | | | | | |  | | loam | | | | | | |  | 35-39 |Bedrock | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---  | | | | | | | | | 
618

Table 17.--Engineering Index Properties--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________ | | | Classification | Fragments | Percentage pass Map symbol | | |___________________________|_____________| sieve number- and soil name | Depth | USDA texture | | | >10 | 3-10 |____________________ | | | Unified | AASHTO |inches|inches| 4 | 10 | 40 _________________|_______|_______________|_____________|_____________|______|______|______|______|______ | In | | | | Pct | Pct | | | 

 | | | | | | | | | HlF: | | | | | | | | |  Dekalb----------| 0-1 |Highly |PT |A-8 | 5-25 |15-50 | --- | --- | ---  | | decomposed | | | | | | |  | | plant material| | | | | | |  | 1-4 |Channery sandy |SM, ML, GM, |A-1, A-2, A-4| 0 | 5-40 |50-85 |40-75 |40-75  | | loam | CL-ML | | | | | |  | 4-15 |Very channery |ML, GM, GC- |A-1, A-2, A-4| 0 | 5-40 |50-85 |40-75 |40-75  | | sandy loam, | GM, SM | | | | | |  | | channery loam,| | | | | | |  | | channery sandy| | | | | | |  | | loam | | | | | | |  | 15-24 |Very channery |GC, GM, SC, |A-1, A-2, A-4| 0-1 |10-50 |45-85 |25-75 |20-65  | | sandy loam, | SM | | | | | |  | | flaggy sandy | | | | | | |  | | loam, very | | | | | | |  | | flaggy loamy | | | | | | |  | | sand | | | | | | |  | 24-28 |Bedrock | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---  | | | | | | | | | Ho: | | | | | | | | |  Holly-----------| 0-3 |Silt loam |ML |A-4 | 0 | 0 |90-100|85-100|80-10 | 3-24 |Silt loam, |ML, SM |A-4, A-6 | 0 | 0 |85-100|75-100|70-95  | | loam, sandy | | | | | | |  | | loam | | | | | | |  | 24-39 |Loam, silt |SM, ML |A-2, A-4 | 0 | 0 |85-100|75-100|50-95  | | loam, sandy | | | | | | |  | | loam | | | | | | |  | 39-65 |Gravelly sandy |SP-SM, ML, SM|A-1-b, A-2, | 0 | 0-5 |70-100|65-100|40-90  | | loam, sandy | | A-4 | | | | |  | | loam, | | | | | | |  | | stratified | | | | | | |  | | gravelly sand | | | | | | |  | | to silt loam | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | 
619

Table 17.--Engineering Index Properties--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________ | | | Classification | Fragments | Percentage passi Map symbol | | |___________________________|_____________| sieve number--  and soil name | Depth | USDA texture | | | >10 | 3-10 |____________________ | | | Unified | AASHTO |inches|inches| 4 | 10 | 40 _________________|_______|_______________|_____________|_____________|______|______|______|______|______ | In | | | | Pct | Pct | | | 

 | | | | | | | | | HwB: | | | | | | | | |  Hustontown------| 0-8 |Silt loam |CL, ML |A-4 | 0 | 0-10 |80-100|80-95 |70-90  | 8-12 |Silt loam, |CL, ML |A-4 | 0 | 0-15 |80-100|80-95 |70-90  | | loam, channery| | | | | | |  | | silt loam | | | | | | |  | 12-20 |Silt loam, |ML, SC, SM, |A-4, A-6 | 0 | 0-15 |80-100|70-95 |60-90  | | silty clay | CL | | | | | |  | | loam, channery| | | | | | |  | | loam | | | | | | |  | 20-30 |Channery silt |CL, ML, SC, |A-4, A-6 | 0 | 0-15 |80-100|65-95 |60-90  | | loam, channery| SM | | | | | |  | | silty clay | | | | | | |  | | loam, channery| | | | | | |  | | loam | | | | | | |  | 30-65 |Channery silty |CL, ML, SC, |A-2, A-4, A-6| 0 | 0-15 |60-100|40-90 |35-85  | | clay loam, | SC-SM | | | | | |  | | channery silt | | | | | | |  | | loam, loam | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | Ln: | | | | | | | | |  Lindside--------| 0-7 |Silt loam |CL, CL-ML, ML|A-4, A-6 | 0 | 0 | 100 |95-100|80-100 | 7-48 |Silty clay |CL-ML, ML, CL|A-4, A-6 | 0 | 0 | 100 |95-100|90-100 | | loam, silt | | | | | | |  | | loam | | | | | | |  | 48-60 |Stratified |CL, ML, SM, |A-2, A-4, A-6| 0 | 0 |60-100|55-100|45-100 | | gravelly sandy| SC | | | | | |  | | loam to silt | | | | | | |  | | loam to silty | | | | | | |  | | clay loam | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | 
620

Table 17.--Engineering Index Properties--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________ | | | Classification | Fragments | Percentage pass Map symbol | | |___________________________|_____________| sieve number- and soil name | Depth | USDA texture | | | >10 | 3-10 |____________________ | | | Unified | AASHTO |inches|inches| 4 | 10 | 40 _________________|_______|_______________|_____________|_____________|______|______|______|______|______ | In | | | | Pct | Pct | | | 

 | | | | | | | | | LzC: | | | | | | | | |  Litz------------| 0-.5 |Moderately |PT |A-8 | 3-5 | 7-20 | --- | --- | ---  | | decomposed | | | | | | |  | | plant material| | | | | | |  | .5-4 |Channery silt |GM, GC, CL, |A-2, A-4 | 3-5 | 7-20 |60-85 |30-75 |30-70  | | loam | ML | | | | | |  | 4-27 |Very channery |GC, GC-GM, GM|A-2, A-4, A-6| 4-7 |15-20 |40-60 |15-60 |14-50  | | silt loam, | | | | | | |  | | very channery | | | | | | |  | | silty clay | | | | | | |  | | loam | | | | | | |  | 27-31 |Extremely |GC, GC-GM, |A-1, A-2, A-4| 4-10 |15-30 |30-60 |10-50 | 5-50  | | channery silty| GM, GP | | | | | |  | | clay loam, | | | | | | |  | | very channery | | | | | | |  | | loam, very | | | | | | |  | | channery silt | | | | | | |  | | loam | | | | | | |  | 31-35 |Bedrock | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---  | | | | | | | | | LzD: | | | | | | | | |  Litz------------| 0-.5 |Moderately |PT |A-8 | 3-5 | 7-20 | --- | --- | ---  | | decomposed | | | | | | |  | | plant material| | | | | | |  | .5-4 |Channery silt |CL, GC, GM, |A-2, A-4 | 3-5 | 7-20 |60-85 |30-75 |30-70  | | loam | ML | | | | | |  | 4-27 |Very channery |GM, GC, GC-GM|A-2, A-4, A-6| 4-7 |15-20 |40-60 |15-60 |14-50  | | silt loam, | | | | | | |  | | very channery | | | | | | |  | | silty clay | | | | | | |  | | loam | | | | | | |  | 27-31 |Extremely |GC, GC-GM, |A-1, A-2, A-4| 4-10 |15-30 |30-60 |10-50 | 5-50  | | channery silty| GM, GP | | | | | |  | | clay loam, | | | | | | |  | | very channery | | | | | | |  | | loam, very | | | | | | |  | | channery silt | | | | | | |  | | loam | | | | | | |  | 31-35 |Bedrock | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---  | | | | | | | | | 
621

Table 17.--Engineering Index Properties--Continued

_______________________________________________________________________________________________________ | | | Classification | Fragments | Percentage pass Map symbol | | |___________________________|_____________| sieve number- and soil name | Depth | USDA texture | | | >10 | 3-10 |___________________ | | | Unified | AASHTO |inches|inches| 4 | 10 | 40 _________________|_______|_______________|_____________|_____________|______|______|______|______|_____ | In | | | | Pct | Pct | | | 

 | | | | | | | | | LzE: | | | | | | | | |  Litz------------| 0-.5 |Moderately |PT |A-8 | 3-5 | 7-20 | --- | --- | ---  | | decomposed | | | | | | |  | | plant material| | | | | | |  | .5-4 |Channery silt |GM, GC, CL, |A-2, A-4 | 3-5 | 7-20 |60-85 |30-75 |30-70  | | loam | ML | | | | | |  | 4-27 |Very channery |GC, GC-GM, GM|A-2, A-4, A-6| 4-7 |15-20 |40-60 |15-60 |14-50  | | silt loam, | | | | | | |  | | very channery | | | | | | |  | | silty clay | | | | | | |  | | loam | | | | | | |  | 27-31 |Extremely |GC, GC-GM, |A-1, A-2, A-4| 4-10 |15-30 |30-60 |10-50 | 5-50  | | channery silty| GM, GP | | | | | |  | | clay loam, | | | | | | |  | | very channery | | | | | | |  | | loam, very | | | | | | |  | | channery silt | | | | | | |  | | loam | | | | | | |  | 31-35 |Bedrock | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---  | | | | | | | | | LzF: | | | | | | | | |  Litz------------| 0-.5 |Moderately |PT |A-8 | 3-5 | 7-20 | --- | --- | ---  | | decomposed | | | | | | |  | | plant material| | | | | | |  | .5-4 |Channery silt |ML, GM, CL, |A-2, A-4 | 3-5 | 7-20 |60-85 |30-75 |30-70  | | loam | GC | | | | | |  | 4-27 |Very channery |GC-GM, GC, GM|A-2, A-4, A-6| 4-7 |15-20 |40-60 |15-60 |14-50  | | silt loam, | | | | | | |  | | very channery | | | | | | |  | | silty clay | | | | | | |  | | loam | | | | | | |  | 27-31 |Extremely |GC, GC-GM, |A-1, A-2, A-4| 4-10 |15-30 |30-60 |10-50 | 5-50  | | channery silty| GM, GP | | | | | |  | | clay loam, | | | | | | |  | | very channery | | | | | | |  | | loam, very | | | | | | |  | | channery silt | | | | | | |  | | loam | | | | | | |  | 31-35 |Bedrock | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---  | | | | | | | | | 
622

Table 17.--Engineering Index Properties--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________ | | | Classification | Fragments | Percentage pass Map symbol | | |___________________________|_____________| sieve number- and soil name | Depth | USDA texture | | | >10 | 3-10 |____________________ | | | Unified | AASHTO |inches|inches| 4 | 10 | 40 _________________|_______|_______________|_____________|_____________|______|______|______|______|______ | In | | | | Pct | Pct | | | 

 | | | | | | | | | Me: | | | | | | | | |  Melvin----------| 0-10 |Silt loam |ML, CL-ML, CL|A-4 | 0 | 0 |95-100|90-100|80-10 | 10-36 |Silty clay |CL, CL-ML |A-4, A-6 | 0 | 0 |95-100|90-100|80-10 | | loam, silt | | | | | | |  | | loam | | | | | | |  | 36-68 |Sandy loam, |CL-ML, CL |A-4, A-6 | 0 | 0-5 |85-100|80-100|60-10 | | silt loam, | | | | | | |  | | silty clay | | | | | | |  | | loam | | | | | | |  | 68-72 |Stratified silt| | | 0 | 0-10 |80-100|70-100|30-10 | | to gravelly | | | | | | |  | | sand | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | MhA: | | | | | | | | |  Monongahela-----| 0-10 |Silt loam |CL-ML, ML, |A-4 | 0 | 0-5 |90-100|85-100|75-10 | | | SC-SM, SM | | | | | |  | 10-27 |Silt loam, clay|CL-ML, CL |A-4, A-6 | 0 | 0-15 |90-100|80-100|75-10 | | loam, gravelly| | | | | | |  | | loam | | | | | | |  | 27-53 |Silt loam, |SM, CL, ML, |A-4, A-6 | 0 | 0-10 |80-100|60-100|55-95  | | sandy clay | SC | | | | | |  | | loam, gravelly| | | | | | |  | | loam | | | | | | |  | 53-65 |Sandy loam, |SM, CL, ML, |A-4, A-6 | 0 |10-20 |75-100|60-90 |60-85  | | gravelly clay | SC | | | | | |  | | loam, silt | | | | | | |  | | loam | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | MhB: | | | | | | | | |  Monongahela-----| 0-8 |Silt loam |SM, CL-ML, |A-4 | 0 | 0-5 |90-100|85-100|75-10 | | | SC-SM, ML | | | | | |  | 8-30 |Silt loam, clay|CL-ML, CL |A-4, A-6 | 0 | 0-15 |90-100|80-100|75-10 | | loam, gravelly| | | | | | |  | | loam | | | | | | |  | 30-51 |Loam, gravelly |CL, SM, ML, |A-6, A-4 | 0 | 0-10 |80-100|60-100|55-95  | | sandy clay | SC | | | | | |  | | loam, silt | | | | | | |  | | loam | | | | | | |  | 51-65 |Loam, gravelly |SM, SC, ML, |A-4, A-6 | 0 |10-20 |75-100|60-90 |60-85  | | clay loam, | CL | | | | | |  | | silt loam | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | 
623

Table 17.--Engineering Index Properties--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________ | | | Classification | Fragments | Percentage passi Map symbol | | |___________________________|_____________| sieve number--  and soil name | Depth | USDA texture | | | >10 | 3-10 |____________________ | | | Unified | AASHTO |inches|inches| 4 | 10 | 40 _________________|_______|_______________|_____________|_____________|______|______|______|______|______ | In | | | | Pct | Pct | | | 

 | | | | | | | | | MhC: | | | | | | | | |  Monongahela-----| 0-8 |Silt loam |SM, SC-SM, |A-4 | 0 | 0-5 |90-100|85-100|75-100 | | | CL-ML, ML | | | | | |  | 8-28 |Silt loam, clay|CL-ML, CL |A-4, A-6 | 0 | 0-15 |90-100|80-100|75-100 | | loam, gravelly| | | | | | |  | | loam | | | | | | |  | 28-49 |Silt loam, |CL, SC, ML, |A-4, A-6 | 0 | 0-10 |80-100|60-100|55-95  | | gravelly sandy| SM | | | | | |  | | clay loam, | | | | | | |  | | loam | | | | | | |  | 49-65 |Loam, gravelly |SM, SC, ML, |A-4, A-6 | 0 |10-20 |75-100|60-90 |60-85  | | clay loam, | CL | | | | | |  | | silt loam | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | MrC: | | | | | | | | |  Murrill---------| 0-9 |Gravelly loam |SC-SM, ML, |A-2, A-4, A-6| 0 | 0-5 |65-80 |55-70 |45-65  | | | GM, CL | | | | | |  | 9-55 |Gravelly clay |CL-ML, CL |A-4, A-6, A-7| 0 | 0-15 |65-85 |60-70 |55-65  | | loam, gravelly| | | | | | |  | | loam, gravelly| | | | | | |  | | sandy clay | | | | | | |  | | loam | | | | | | |  | 55-72 |Silty clay |MH, CL, CH |A-6, A-7 | 0 | 0-20 |80-100|65-100|60-100 | | loam, clay, | | | | | | |  | | channery clay | | | | | | |  | | loam | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | MrD: | | | | | | | | |  Murrill---------| 0-9 |Gravelly loam |CL, ML, GM, |A-2, A-4, A-6| 0 | 0-5 |65-80 |55-70 |45-65  | | | SC-SM | | | | | |  | 9-55 |Gravelly clay |CL, CL-ML |A-4, A-6, A-7| 0 | 0-15 |65-85 |60-70 |55-65  | | loam, gravelly| | | | | | |  | | loam, gravelly| | | | | | |  | | sandy clay | | | | | | |  | | loam | | | | | | |  | 55-72 |Silty clay |CL, CH, MH |A-6, A-7 | 0 | 0-20 |80-100|65-100|60-100 | | loam, clay, | | | | | | |  | | channery clay | | | | | | |  | | loam | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | 
624

Table 17.--Engineering Index Properties--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________ | | | Classification | Fragments | Percentage pass Map symbol | | |___________________________|_____________| sieve number- and soil name | Depth | USDA texture | | | >10 | 3-10 |____________________ | | | Unified | AASHTO |inches|inches| 4 | 10 | 40 _________________|_______|_______________|_____________|_____________|______|______|______|______|______ | In | | | | Pct | Pct | | | 

 | | | | | | | | | MsC: | | | | | | | | |  Murrill---------| 0-9 |Loam |SC-SM, ML, |A-4, A-6 | 1-10 | 0-5 |80-95 |75-90 |45-85  | | | GM, CL | | | | | |  | 9-43 |Gravelly loam, |CL, CL-ML |A-4, A-6, A-7| 0 | 0-15 |65-85 |60-70 |55-65  | | gravelly sandy| | | | | | |  | | clay loam, | | | | | | |  | | clay loam | | | | | | |  | 43-60 |Silty clay, |CL, MH, CH |A-6, A-7 | 0 | 0-20 |80-100|65-100|60-10 | | clay, channery| | | | | | |  | | clay loam | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | MsE: | | | | | | | | |  Murrill---------| 0-9 |Loam |ML, SC-SM, |A-4, A-6 | 1-10 | 0-5 |80-95 |75-90 |45-85  | | | GM, CL | | | | | |  | 9-43 |Gravelly loam, |CL, CL-ML |A-4, A-6, A-7| 0 | 0-15 |65-85 |60-70 |55-65  | | gravelly sandy| | | | | | |  | | clay loam, | | | | | | |  | | clay loam | | | | | | |  | 43-60 |Silty clay, |CH, CL, MH |A-6, A-7 | 0 | 0-20 |80-100|65-100|60-10 | | clay, channery| | | | | | |  | | clay loam | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | Pg: | | | | | | | | |  Philo-----------| 0-9 |Gravelly loam |GM, CL-ML, |A-4 | 0 | 0-5 |60-85 |55-80 |45-70  | | | ML, SM | | | | | |  | 9-48 |Gravelly loam, |SM, ML, GM, |A-4 | 0 | 0-5 |60-85 |55-80 |45-70  | | silt loam, | CL-ML | | | | | |  | | sandy loam | | | | | | |  | 48-65 |Stratified sand|CL-ML, SM, |A-1, A-2, A-4| 0-2 | 0-5 |45-95 |40-90 |20-70  | | to gravelly | ML, GM | | | | | |  | | loam | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | Ph: | | | | | | | | |  Philo-----------| 0-10 |Silt loam |CL-ML, ML |A-4 | 0 | 0-5 |95-100|80-100|75-90  | 10-53 |Silt loam, |SM, ML, CL-ML|A-4 | 0 | 0-5 |95-100|75-100|70-90  | | loam, sandy | | | | | | |  | | loam | | | | | | |  | 53-65 |Silt loam, |ML, CL-ML, |A-1, A-2, A-4| 0-2 | 0-5 |45-100|40-100|20-95  | | stratified | GM, SM | | | | | |  | | sand to very | | | | | | |  | | gravelly sandy| | | | | | |  | | loam | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | 
625

Table 17.--Engineering Index Properties--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________ | | | Classification | Fragments | Percentage pass Map symbol | | |___________________________|_____________| sieve number- and soil name | Depth | USDA texture | | | >10 | 3-10 |____________________ | | | Unified | AASHTO |inches|inches| 4 | 10 | 40 _________________|_______|_______________|_____________|_____________|______|______|______|______|______ | In | | | | Pct | Pct | | | 

 | | | | | | | | | Ps: | | | | | | | | |  Pope------------| 0-10 |Fine sandy loam|SM, SC-SM, |A-2, A-4 | 0 | 0 |85-100|75-100|51-85  | | | ML, CL-ML | | | | | |  | 10-42 |Fine sandy |SM, SC-SM, |A-2, A-4 | 0 | 0 |95-100|80-100|51-95  | | loam, sandy | ML, CL-ML | | | | | |  | | loam, loam | | | | | | |  | 42-65 |Sandy loam, |SC-SM, ML, |A-1, A-2, A-4| 0 | 0-20 |45-100|35-100|30-95  | | loamy sand | SM, GM | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | Px: | | | | | | | | |  Pope------------| 0-10 |Silt loam |CL-ML, SM, |A-4 | 0 | 0 |85-100|75-100|70-10 | | | ML, CL | | | | | |  | 10-51 |Silt loam, fine|SM, SC-SM, |A-2, A-4 | 0 | 0 |95-100|80-100|51-95  | | sandy loam, | ML, CL-ML | | | | | |  | | loam | | | | | | |  | 51-65 |Loam, sandy |SM, SC-SM, |A-1, A-2, A-4| 0 | 0-20 |45-100|35-100|30-95  | | loam, loamy | ML, GM | | | | | |  | | sand | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | Pz: | | | | | | | | |  Pope------------| 0-10 |Fine sandy loam|SM, SC-SM, |A-2, A-4 | 0 | 0 |85-100|75-100|51-85  | | | ML, CL-ML | | | | | |  | 10-26 |Fine sandy |CL-ML, ML, |A-2, A-4 | 0 | 0-15 |60-100|55-100|30-95  | | loam, gravelly| SC-SM, SM | | | | | |  | | sandy loam, | | | | | | |  | | loam | | | | | | |  | 26-65 |Gravelly loamy |CL-ML, GM, |A-1, A-2, A-4| 0-2 | 0-5 |45-95 |40-90 |20-70  | | sand, | ML, SM | | | | | |  | | stratified | | | | | | |  | | sand to very | | | | | | |  | | gravelly sandy| | | | | | |  | | loam | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | |  Philo-----------| 0-10 |Sandy loam |ML, CL-ML |A-4 | 0 | 0-5 |95-100|80-100|75-90  | 10-21 |Fine sandy |SM, ML, CL-ML|A-4 | 0 | 0-5 |95-100|75-100|70-90  | | loam, gravelly| | | | | | |  | | loam, silt | | | | | | |  | | loam | | | | | | |  | 21-65 |Very gravelly |SM, ML, GM, |A-1, A-2, A-4| 0-2 | 0-5 |45-95 |40-90 |20-70  | | fine sandy | CL-ML | | | | | |  | | loam, | | | | | | |  | | stratified | | | | | | |  | | sand to very | | | | | | |  | | gravelly sandy| | | | | | |  | | loam | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | 
626

Table 17.--Engineering Index Properties--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________ | | | Classification | Fragments | Percentage pass Map symbol | | |___________________________|_____________| sieve number- and soil name | Depth | USDA texture | | | >10 | 3-10 |____________________ | | | Unified | AASHTO |inches|inches| 4 | 10 | 40 _________________|_______|_______________|_____________|_____________|______|______|______|______|______ | In | | | | Pct | Pct | | | 

 | | | | | | | | | Qm: | | | | | | | | |  Quarry, | | | | | | | | |  limestone------| 0-60 |Bedrock | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---  | | | | | | | | | Qo: | | | | | | | | |  Quarry, | | | | | | | | |  sandstone------| 0-60 |Bedrock | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---  | | | | | | | | | Qs: | | | | | | | | |  Quarry, shale---| 0-60 |Bedrock | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---  | | | | | | | | | ReG: | | | | | | | | |  Rock outcrop----| 0-60 |Bedrock | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---  | | | | | | | | |  Opequon---------| 0-2 |Channery silty |CH, CL |A-6, A-7 | 0 | 0-5 |70-100|60-80 |50-75  | | clay loam | | | | | | |  | 2-13 |Channery silty |CH, CL |A-6, A-7 | 0-5 | 0-10 |60-100|50-100|40-10 | | clay, clay | | | | | | |  | 13-16 |Very channery |CH, CL |A-6, A-7 | 0-10 | 5-25 |50-100|40-100|30-10 | | silty clay, | | | | | | |  | | clay | | | | | | |  | 16-20 |Bedrock | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---  | | | | | | | | | RgG: | | | | | | | | |  Rock outcrop----| 0-60 |Bedrock | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---  | | | | | | | | |  Rough-----------| 0-2 |Very channery |SM, GM |A-1, A-2, A-4| 0-10 | 0-20 |35-70 |35-70 |15-45  | | silt loam | | | | | | |  | 2-6 |Extremely |GM, SM |A-1, A-2 | 0-10 | 5-20 |35-70 |20-50 |10-40  | | channery silt | | | | | | |  | | loam, | | | | | | |  | | extremely | | | | | | |  | | channery loam,| | | | | | |  | | very channery | | | | | | |  | | silt loam | | | | | | |  | 6-10 |Bedrock | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---  | | | | | | | | | 
627

Table 17.--Engineering Index Properties--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________ | | | Classification | Fragments | Percentage pass Map symbol | | |___________________________|_____________| sieve number- and soil name | Depth | USDA texture | | | >10 | 3-10 |____________________ | | | Unified | AASHTO |inches|inches| 4 | 10 | 40 _________________|_______|_______________|_____________|_____________|______|______|______|______|______ | In | | | | Pct | Pct | | | 

 | | | | | | | | | RuD: | | | | | | | | |  Rushtown--------| 0-.5 |Slightly |PT |A-8 | 0 | 0 | --- | --- | ---  | | decomposed | | | | | | |  | | plant material| | | | | | |  | .5-6 |Channery silt |GM, ML, SM |A-1, A-2, A-4| 0 | 0 |40-75 |35-70 |30-70  | | loam | | | | | | |  | 6-22 |Channery silt |GM |A-1, A-2, A-4| 0 | 0 |30-60 |25-55 |25-55  | | loam, very | | | | | | |  | | channery silt | | | | | | |  | | loam | | | | | | |  | 22-65 |Extremely |GM |A-1, A-2 | 0 | 0 |10-35 | 5-30 | 5-30  | | channery silt | | | | | | |  | | loam | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | RuF: | | | | | | | | |  Rushtown--------| 0-.5 |Slightly |PT |A-8 | 0 | 0 | --- | --- | ---  | | decomposed | | | | | | |  | | plant material| | | | | | |  | .5-6 |Channery silt |SM, ML, GM |A-1, A-2, A-4| 0 | 0 |40-75 |35-70 |30-70  | | loam | | | | | | |  | 6-22 |Channery silt |GM |A-1, A-2, A-4| 0 | 0 |30-60 |25-55 |25-55  | | loam, very | | | | | | |  | | channery silt | | | | | | |  | | loam | | | | | | |  | 22-65 |Extremely |GM |A-1, A-2 | 0 | 0 |10-35 | 5-30 | 5-30  | | channery silt | | | | | | |  | | loam | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | ShC: | | | | | | | | |  Schaffenaker----| 0-.5 |Slightly |PT |A-8 | 5-25 | 0-15 | --- | --- | ---  | | decomposed | | | | | | |  | | plant material| | | | | | |  | .5-1 |Moderately |PT |A-8 | 5-25 | 0-15 | --- | --- | ---  | | decomposed | | | | | | |  | | plant material| | | | | | |  | 1-4 |Loamy sand |SW-SM, SP-SM,|A-1, A-2, A-3| 0 | 0-15 |60-100|55-100|30-75  | | | SM | | | | | |  | 4-18 |Gravelly loamy |SP-SM, SW-SM,|A-1, A-2, A-3| 0 | 0-10 |80-100|75-100|35-80  | | sand, loamy | SM | | | | | |  | | fine sand, | | | | | | |  | | sand | | | | | | |  | 18-24 |Gravelly loamy |SW-SM, SM, |A-3, A-1, A-2| 0 | 0-10 |60-100|55-100|30-60  | | sand, loamy | SP-SM | | | | | |  | | fine sand, | | | | | | |  | | gravelly sand | | | | | | |  | 24-28 |Bedrock | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---  | | | | | | | | | 
628

Table 17.--Engineering Index Properties--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________ | | | Classification | Fragments | Percentage pass Map symbol | | |___________________________|_____________| sieve number- and soil name | Depth | USDA texture | | | >10 | 3-10 |____________________ | | | Unified | AASHTO |inches|inches| 4 | 10 | 40 _________________|_______|_______________|_____________|_____________|______|______|______|______|______ | In | | | | Pct | Pct | | | 

 | | | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | SkF: | | | | | | | | |  Schaffenaker----| 0-.5 |Slightly |PT |A-8 | 5-25 | 0-15 | --- | --- | ---  | | decomposed | | | | | | |  | | plant material| | | | | | |  | .5-1 |Moderately |PT |A-8 | 5-25 | 0-15 | --- | --- | ---  | | decomposed | | | | | | |  | | plant material| | | | | | |  | 1-4 |Loamy sand |SP-SM, SM, |A-1, A-2, A-3| 0 | 0-15 |60-100|55-100|30-75  | | | SW-SM | | | | | |  | 4-18 |Gravelly loamy |SM, SW-SM, |A-1, A-2, A-3| 0 | 0-10 |80-100|75-100|35-80  | | sand, loamy | SP-SM | | | | | |  | | fine sand, | | | | | | |  | | sand | | | | | | |  | 18-24 |Gravelly loamy |SW-SM, SM, |A-1, A-2, A-3| 0 | 0-10 |60-100|55-100|30-60  | | sand, loamy | SP-SM | | | | | |  | | fine sand, | | | | | | |  | | gravelly sand | | | | | | |  | 24-28 |Bedrock | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---  | | | | | | | | |  Rock outcrop----| 0-60 |Bedrock | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---  | | | | | | | | | SnE: | | | | | | | | |  Schaffenaker----| 0-.5 |Slightly |PT |A-8 | 5-25 | 0-15 | --- | --- | ---  | | decomposed | | | | | | |  | | plant material| | | | | | |  | .5-1 |Moderately |PT |A-8 | 5-25 | 0-15 | --- | --- | ---  | | decomposed | | | | | | |  | | plant material| | | | | | |  | 1-4 |Loamy sand |SW-SM, SP-SM,|A-1, A-2, A-3| 0 | 0-15 |60-100|55-100|30-75  | | | SM | | | | | |  | 4-18 |Gravelly loamy |SP-SM, SM, |A-1, A-2, A-3| 0 | 0-10 |80-100|75-100|35-80  | | sand, loamy | SW-SM | | | | | |  | | fine sand, | | | | | | |  | | sand | | | | | | |  | 18-24 |Gravelly loamy |SW-SM, SP-SM,|A-1, A-2, A-3| 0 | 0-10 |60-100|55-100|30-60  | | sand, loamy | SM | | | | | |  | | fine sand, | | | | | | |  | | gravelly sand | | | | | | |  | 24-28 |Bedrock | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---  | | | | | | | | | 
629

Table 17.--Engineering Index Properties--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________ | | | Classification | Fragments | Percentage pass Map symbol | | |___________________________|_____________| sieve number- and soil name | Depth | USDA texture | | | >10 | 3-10 |____________________ | | | Unified | AASHTO |inches|inches| 4 | 10 | 40 _________________|_______|_______________|_____________|_____________|______|______|______|______|______ | In | | | | Pct | Pct | | | 

 | | | | | | | | | SnE: | | | | | | | | |  Vanderlip-------| 0-2 |Slightly |PT |A-8 | 5-25 | 3-20 | --- | --- | ---  | | decomposed | | | | | | |  | | plant material| | | | | | |  | 2-6 |Loamy sand |SM |A-1, A-2 | 0 | 3-20 |75-100|75-95 |40-65  | 6-26 |Very cobbly |SM, SP |A-1, A-2, A-3| 0 | 0-30 |60-100|45-100|25-75  | | loamy sand, | | | | | | |  | | gravelly loamy| | | | | | |  | | sand, sand | | | | | | |  | 26-50 |Sand, very |SM, SP |A-1, A-2, A-3| 0 | 0-30 |60-100|45-100|25-75  | | cobbly loamy | | | | | | |  | | sand, gravelly| | | | | | |  | | loamy sand | | | | | | |  | 50-65 |Very bouldery |SM, GP, GW, |A-1, A-2, A-3| 0-75 | 0-20 |45-100|25-100|15-75  | | sand, sand, | SP-SM | | | | | |  | | gravelly loamy| | | | | | |  | | sand | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | SnF: | | | | | | | | |  Schaffenaker----| 0-.5 |Slightly |PT |A-8 | 5-25 | 0-15 | --- | --- | ---  | | decomposed | | | | | | |  | | plant material| | | | | | |  | .5-1 |Moderately |PT |A-8 | 5-25 | 0-15 | --- | --- | ---  | | decomposed | | | | | | |  | | plant material| | | | | | |  | 1-4 |Loamy sand |SW-SM, SP-SM,|A-1, A-2, A-3| 0 | 0-15 |60-100|55-100|30-75  | | | SM | | | | | |  | 4-18 |Gravelly loamy |SM, SW-SM, |A-1, A-2, A-3| 0 | 0-10 |80-100|75-100|35-80  | | sand, loamy | SP-SM | | | | | |  | | fine sand, | | | | | | |  | | sand | | | | | | |  | 18-24 |Gravelly loamy |SW-SM, SP-SM,|A-1, A-2, A-3| 0 | 0-10 |60-100|55-100|30-60  | | sand, loamy | SM | | | | | |  | | fine sand, | | | | | | |  | | gravelly sand | | | | | | |  | 24-28 |Bedrock | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---  | | | | | | | | | 
630

Table 17.--Engineering Index Properties--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________ | | | Classification | Fragments | Percentage pass Map symbol | | |___________________________|_____________| sieve number- and soil name | Depth | USDA texture | | | >10 | 3-10 |____________________ | | | Unified | AASHTO |inches|inches| 4 | 10 | 40 _________________|_______|_______________|_____________|_____________|______|______|______|______|______ | In | | | | Pct | Pct | | | 

 | | | | | | | | | SnF: | | | | | | | | |  Vanderlip-------| 0-2 |Slightly |PT |A-8 | 5-25 | 3-20 | --- | --- | ---  | | decomposed | | | | | | |  | | plant material| | | | | | |  | 2-6 |Loamy sand |SM |A-1, A-2 | 0 | 3-20 |75-100|75-95 |40-65  | 6-26 |Very cobbly |SM, SP |A-1, A-2, A-3| 0 | 0-30 |60-100|45-100|25-75  | | loamy sand, | | | | | | |  | | gravelly loamy| | | | | | |  | | sand, sand | | | | | | |  | 26-50 |Sand, very |SM, SP |A-1, A-2, A-3| 0 | 0-30 |60-100|45-100|25-75  | | cobbly loamy | | | | | | |  | | sand, gravelly| | | | | | |  | | loamy sand | | | | | | |  | 50-65 |Very bouldery |SP-SM, GW, |A-1, A-2, A-3| 0-75 | 0-20 |45-100|25-100|15-75  | | sand, sand, | SM, GP | | | | | |  | | gravelly loamy| | | | | | |  | | sand | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | SxC: | | | | | | | | |  Sideling--------| 0-1 |Slightly |PT |A-8 | 5-25 | 0 | --- | --- | ---  | | decomposed | | | | | | |  | | plant material| | | | | | |  | 1-3 |Moderately |PT |A-8 | 5-25 | 0 | --- | --- | ---  | | decomposed | | | | | | |  | | plant material| | | | | | |  | 3-5 |Gravelly loam |ML, SM, GM, |A-4, A-6 | 0-5 | 0-15 |50-85 |45-75 |40-70  | | | GC | | | | | |  | 5-35 |Gravelly loam, |CL, GC, GM, |A-4, A-6 | 0-5 | 0-15 |50-95 |45-90 |40-85  | | gravelly clay | ML | | | | | |  | | loam, very | | | | | | |  | | gravelly silty| | | | | | |  | | clay loam | | | | | | |  | 35-50 |Channery clay, |CL, CH |A-6, A-7 | 0-1 | 0-40 |50-95 |45-90 |40-85  | | very flaggy | | | | | | |  | | clay loam, | | | | | | |  | | silty clay | | | | | | |  | | loam | | | | | | |  | 50-62 |Very flaggy |CH, CL |A-6, A-7 |20-50 |10-40 |50-95 |45-90 |40-85  | | clay loam, | | | | | | |  | | channery clay,| | | | | | |  | | silty clay | | | | | | |  | | loam | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | 
631

Table 17.--Engineering Index Properties--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________ | | | Classification | Fragments | Percentage pass Map symbol | | |___________________________|_____________| sieve number- and soil name | Depth | USDA texture | | | >10 | 3-10 |____________________ | | | Unified | AASHTO |inches|inches| 4 | 10 | 40 _________________|_______|_______________|_____________|_____________|______|______|______|______|______ | In | | | | Pct | Pct | | | 

 | | | | | | | | | SxE: | | | | | | | | |  Sideling--------| 0-1 |Slightly |PT |A-8 | 5-25 | 0 | --- | --- | ---  | | decomposed | | | | | | |  | | plant material| | | | | | |  | 1-3 |Moderately |PT |A-8 | 5-25 | 0 | --- | --- | ---  | | decomposed | | | | | | |  | | plant material| | | | | | |  | 3-5 |Gravelly loam |GC, GM, ML, |A-4, A-6 | 0-5 | 0-15 |50-85 |45-75 |40-70  | | | SM | | | | | |  | 5-35 |Gravelly loam, |GC, GM, ML, |A-4, A-6 | 0-5 | 0-15 |50-95 |45-90 |40-85  | | gravelly clay | CL | | | | | |  | | loam, very | | | | | | |  | | gravelly silty| | | | | | |  | | clay loam | | | | | | |  | 35-50 |Channery clay, |CH, CL |A-6, A-7 | 0-1 | 0-40 |50-95 |45-90 |40-85  | | very flaggy | | | | | | |  | | clay loam, | | | | | | |  | | silty clay | | | | | | |  | | loam | | | | | | |  | 50-62 |Very flaggy |CH, CL |A-6, A-7 |20-50 |10-40 |50-95 |45-90 |40-85  | | clay loam, | | | | | | |  | | channery clay,| | | | | | |  | | silty clay | | | | | | |  | | loam | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | 
632

Table 17.--Engineering Index Properties--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________ | | | Classification | Fragments | Percentage pass Map symbol | | |___________________________|_____________| sieve number- and soil name | Depth | USDA texture | | | >10 | 3-10 |____________________ | | | Unified | AASHTO |inches|inches| 4 | 10 | 40 _________________|_______|_______________|_____________|_____________|______|______|______|______|______ | In | | | | Pct | Pct | | | 

 | | | | | | | | | SyE: | | | | | | | | |  Sideling--------| 0-1 |Bouldery |PT |A-8 |25-65 |15-30 | --- | --- | ---  | | slightly | | | | | | |  | | decomposed | | | | | | |  | | plant material| | | | | | |  | 1-3 |Bouldery |PT |A-8 |25-65 |15-30 | --- | --- | ---  | | moderately | | | | | | |  | | decomposed | | | | | | |  | | plant material| | | | | | |  | 3-5 |Gravelly loam |ML, SM, GM, |A-4, A-6 | 0-5 | 0-15 |50-85 |45-75 |40-70  | | | GC | | | | | |  | 5-35 |Gravelly loam, |GC, CL, GM, |A-4, A-6 | 0-5 | 0-15 |50-95 |45-90 |40-85  | | gravelly clay | ML | | | | | |  | | loam, very | | | | | | |  | | gravelly silty| | | | | | |  | | clay loam | | | | | | |  | 35-50 |Channery clay, |CL, CH |A-6, A-7 | 0-1 | 0-40 |50-95 |45-90 |40-85  | | very flaggy | | | | | | |  | | clay loam, | | | | | | |  | | silty clay | | | | | | |  | | loam | | | | | | |  | 50-62 |Very flaggy |CH, CL |A-6, A-7 |20-50 |10-40 |50-95 |45-90 |40-85  | | clay loam, | | | | | | |  | | channery clay,| | | | | | |  | | silty clay | | | | | | |  | | loam | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | Ta: | | | | | | | | |  Tioga-----------| 0-8 |Fine sandy loam|SM, ML |A-4 | 0 | 0 | 100 |95-100|65-95  | 8-36 |Sandy loam, |GM, SM, ML |A-1, A-2, A-4| 0 | 0 |55-100|50-100|35-90  | | loam, gravelly| | | | | | |  | | fine sandy | | | | | | |  | | loam | | | | | | |  | 36-45 |Very gravelly |SP-SM, SM, GM|A-1, A-2 | 0 | 0-10 |35-100|30-100|15-90  | | loamy sand, | | | | | | |  | | sandy loam, | | | | | | |  | | gravelly loam | | | | | | |  | 45-60 |Extremely |GP-GM, SM, GM|A-1, A-2 | 0-10 | 0-20 |20-45 |15-35 |15-30  | | gravelly loamy| | | | | | |  | | sand, sandy | | | | | | |  | | loam, gravelly| | | | | | |  | | loam | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | 
633

Table 17.--Engineering Index Properties--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________ | | | Classification | Fragments | Percentage pass Map symbol | | |___________________________|_____________| sieve number- and soil name | Depth | USDA texture | | | >10 | 3-10 |____________________ | | | Unified | AASHTO |inches|inches| 4 | 10 | 40 _________________|_______|_______________|_____________|_____________|______|______|______|______|______ | In | | | | Pct | Pct | | | 

 | | | | | | | | | TyA: | | | | | | | | |  Tygart----------| 0-9 |Silt loam |ML, CL |A-4, A-6 | 0 | 0 |95-100|95-100|85-10 | 9-17 |Silty clay |CL, CH, MH |A-6, A-7 | 0 | 0 |95-100|95-100|85-10 | | loam, silty | | | | | | |  | | clay, clay | | | | | | |  | | loam | | | | | | |  | 17-32 |Silty clay, |MH, CH, CL |A-6, A-7 | 0 | 0 |95-100|95-100|85-10 | | silty clay | | | | | | |  | | loam, clay | | | | | | |  | | loam | | | | | | |  | 32-46 |Silty clay |CL, MH, CH |A-6, A-7 | 0 | 0 |95-100|95-100|85-10 | | loam, silty | | | | | | |  | | clay, clay | | | | | | |  | | loam | | | | | | |  | 46-60 |Silty clay |MH, CL, CH |A-6, A-7 | 0 | 0 |90-100|90-100|85-10 | | loam, silty | | | | | | |  | | clay, clay | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | Ua: | | | | | | | | |  Udorthents. | | | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | Uu: | | | | | | | | |  Urban land. | | | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | |  Udorthents. | | | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | WaB: | | | | | | | | |  Weikert---------| 0-6 |Channery silt |SM, ML, GM |A-1, A-2, A-4| 0 | 0-10 |35-70 |35-70 |25-65  | | loam | | | | | | |  | 6-11 |Very channery |GM, GP-GM |A-1, A-2 | 0-1 | 0-20 |30-70 |25-70 |20-60  | | silt loam, | | | | | | |  | | channery loam | | | | | | |  | 11-14 |Extremely |GM, GP-GM |A-1, A-2 | 0-5 | 5-35 |15-60 |10-50 | 5-40  | | channery silt | | | | | | |  | | loam, | | | | | | |  | | extremely | | | | | | |  | | channery loam | | | | | | |  | 14-18 |Bedrock | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---  | | | | | | | | | 
634

Table 17.--Engineering Index Properties--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________ | | | Classification | Fragments | Percentage pass Map symbol | | |___________________________|_____________| sieve number- and soil name | Depth | USDA texture | | | >10 | 3-10 |____________________ | | | Unified | AASHTO |inches|inches| 4 | 10 | 40 _________________|_______|_______________|_____________|_____________|______|______|______|______|______ | In | | | | Pct | Pct | | | 

 | | | | | | | | | WaC: | | | | | | | | |  Weikert---------| 0-5 |Channery silt |ML, SM, GM |A-1, A-2, A-4| 0 | 0-10 |35-70 |35-70 |25-65  | | loam | | | | | | |  | 5-10 |Very channery |GM, GP-GM |A-1, A-2 | 0-1 | 0-20 |30-70 |25-70 |20-60  | | silt loam, | | | | | | |  | | channery loam | | | | | | |  | 10-13 |Extremely |GM, GP-GM |A-1, A-2 | 0-5 | 5-35 |15-60 |10-50 | 5-40  | | channery silt | | | | | | |  | | loam, | | | | | | |  | | extremely | | | | | | |  | | channery loam | | | | | | |  | 13-17 |Bedrock | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---  | | | | | | | | | WbC: | | | | | | | | |  Weikert---------| 0-6 |Channery silt |GM, ML, SM |A-1, A-2, A-4| 0 | 0-10 |35-70 |35-70 |25-65  | | loam | | | | | | |  | 6-14 |Very channery |GM, GP-GM |A-1, A-2 | 0-1 | 0-20 |30-70 |25-70 |20-60  | | silt loam, | | | | | | |  | | channery loam | | | | | | |  | 14-18 |Extremely |GM, GP-GM |A-1, A-2 | 0-5 | 5-35 |15-60 |10-50 | 5-40  | | channery silt | | | | | | |  | | loam, | | | | | | |  | | extremely | | | | | | |  | | channery loam | | | | | | |  | 18-22 |Bedrock | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---  | | | | | | | | |  Berks-----------| 0-7 |Channery silt |SC, ML, GM, |A-2, A-4 | 0 | 0-30 |50-80 |45-70 |40-60  | | loam | GC | | | | | |  | 7-12 |Very channery |GC, GM, SC, |A-2, A-4, A-1| 0 | 0-30 |40-80 |35-70 |25-60  | | silt loam, | SM | | | | | |  | | channery silt | | | | | | |  | | loam, channery| | | | | | |  | | loam | | | | | | |  | 12-21 |Very channery |GC, GM, SC, |A-2, A-4, A-1| 0 | 0-30 |40-80 |35-70 |25-60  | | silt loam, | SM | | | | | |  | | channery silt | | | | | | |  | | loam, channery| | | | | | |  | | loam | | | | | | |  | 21-25 |Extremely |GC-GM, GM, SM|A-1, A-2 | 0 | 0-40 |35-65 |25-55 |20-40  | | channery silt | | | | | | |  | | loam, very | | | | | | |  | | channery loam,| | | | | | |  | | extremely | | | | | | |  | | channery loam | | | | | | |  | 25-29 |Bedrock | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---  | | | | | | | | | 
635

Table 17.--Engineering Index Properties--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________ | | | Classification | Fragments | Percentage pass Map symbol | | |___________________________|_____________| sieve number- and soil name | Depth | USDA texture | | | >10 | 3-10 |____________________ | | | Unified | AASHTO |inches|inches| 4 | 10 | 40 _________________|_______|_______________|_____________|_____________|______|______|______|______|______ | In | | | | Pct | Pct | | | 

 | | | | | | | | | WbD: | | | | | | | | |  Weikert---------| 0-4 |Channery silt |SM, ML, GM |A-1, A-2, A-4| 0 | 0-10 |35-70 |35-70 |25-65  | | loam | | | | | | |  | 4-12 |Very channery |GP-GM, GM |A-1, A-2 | 0-1 | 0-20 |30-70 |25-70 |20-60  | | silt loam, | | | | | | |  | | channery loam | | | | | | |  | 12-16 |Extremely |GM, GP-GM |A-1, A-2 | 0-5 | 5-35 |15-60 |10-50 | 5-40  | | channery silt | | | | | | |  | | loam, | | | | | | |  | | extremely | | | | | | |  | | channery loam | | | | | | |  | 16-20 |Bedrock | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---  | | | | | | | | |  Berks-----------| 0-5 |Channery silt |GM, ML, SC, |A-2, A-4 | 0 | 0-30 |50-80 |45-70 |40-60  | | loam | GC | | | | | |  | 5-10 |Very channery |SM, SC, GM, |A-1, A-2, A-4| 0 | 0-30 |40-80 |35-70 |25-60  | | silt loam, | GC | | | | | |  | | channery silt | | | | | | |  | | loam, channery| | | | | | |  | | loam | | | | | | |  | 10-19 |Very channery |SC, GM, SM, |A-1, A-2, A-4| 0 | 0-30 |40-80 |35-70 |25-60  | | silt loam, | GC | | | | | |  | | channery silt | | | | | | |  | | loam, channery| | | | | | |  | | loam | | | | | | |  | 19-23 |Extremely |GC-GM, GM, SM|A-1, A-2 | 0 | 0-40 |35-65 |25-55 |20-40  | | channery silt | | | | | | |  | | loam, very | | | | | | |  | | channery loam,| | | | | | |  | | extremely | | | | | | |  | | channery loam | | | | | | |  | 23-27 |Bedrock | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---  | | | | | | | | | WkF: | | | | | | | | |  Weikert---------| 0-1 |Slightly |PT |A-8 | 0 |10-25 | --- | --- | ---  | | decomposed | | | | | | |  | | plant material| | | | | | |  | 1-3 |Very channery |GM, ML, SM |A-1, A-2, A-4| 0 |10-25 |35-70 |25-70 |25-65  | | silt loam | | | | | | |  | 3-14 |Very channery |GM, GP-GM |A-1, A-2 | 0-1 | 0-20 |15-60 |10-55 | 5-45  | | silt loam, | | | | | | |  | | channery loam | | | | | | |  | 14-18 |Bedrock | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---  | | | | | | | | | 
636

Table 17.--Engineering Index Properties--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________ | | | Classification | Fragments | Percentage pass Map symbol | | |___________________________|_____________| sieve number- and soil name | Depth | USDA texture | | | >10 | 3-10 |____________________ | | | Unified | AASHTO |inches|inches| 4 | 10 | 40 _________________|_______|_______________|_____________|_____________|______|______|______|______|______ | In | | | | Pct | Pct | | | 

 | | | | | | | | | WkF: | | | | | | | | |  Berks-----------| 0-1 |Slightly |PT |A-8 | 0 | 0-30 | --- | --- | ---  | | decomposed | | | | | | |  | | plant material| | | | | | |  | 1-3 |Very channery |GC, GM, SC, |A-1, A-2, A-4| 0 | 0-30 |40-80 |35-70 |25-60  | | silt loam | SM | | | | | |  | 3-13 |Very channery |SC, GC, GM, |A-1, A-2, A-4| 0 | 0-40 |35-65 |25-55 |20-40  | | loam, channery| SM | | | | | |  | | loam, very | | | | | | |  | | channery silt | | | | | | |  | | loam | | | | | | |  | 13-25 |Very channery |SC, SM, GM, |A-1, A-2, A-4| 0 | 0-40 |35-65 |25-55 |20-40  | | loam, channery| GC | | | | | |  | | loam, very | | | | | | |  | | channery silt | | | | | | |  | | loam | | | | | | |  | 25-29 |Bedrock | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- _________________|_______|_______________|_____________|_____________|______|______|______|______|______
637

Table 18.--Physical Properties of the Soils

(Entries under "Erosion factors--T" apply to the entire profile. Entries under "Wind erodibility group" and "Wind 

 apply only to the surface layer. Absence of an entry indicates that data were not estimated.)_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ | | | | | | | | | |Erosion  | | | | | Moist | |Available| Linear | |________ Map symbol | | | | | bulk |Permeability | water |extensi- | Organic | |  and soil name | Depth | Sand | Silt | Clay | density | (Ksat) |capacity | bility | matter | Kw | K_____________________|_______|______|______|______|_________|_____________|_________|_________|_________|_____|__ | In | Pct | Pct | Pct | g/cc | In/hr | In/in | Pct | Pct | | 

 | | | | | | | | | | | AgB: | | | | | | | | | | |  Allegheny-----------| 0-8 | 23-52| 28-50| 15-27|1.20-1.40| 0.6-2 |0.12-0.22| 0.0-2.9 | 1.0-4.0 | .32 | . | 8-42 | 15-45| 35-60| 18-35|1.20-1.50| 0.6-2 |0.13-0.18| 0.0-2.9 | 0.1-0.5 | .28 | . | 42-65 | 35-60| 20-40| 10-35|1.20-1.40| 0.6-2 |0.08-0.17| 0.0-2.9 | 0.0-0.5 | .28 | . | | | | | | | | | | | AgC: | | | | | | | | | | |  Allegheny-----------| 0-7 | 23-52| 28-50| 15-27|1.20-1.40| 0.6-2 |0.12-0.22| 0.0-2.9 | 1.0-4.0 | .32 | . | 7-41 | 15-45| 35-60| 18-35|1.20-1.50| 0.6-2 |0.13-0.18| 0.0-2.9 | 0.1-0.5 | .28 | . | 41-65 | 35-60| 20-40| 10-35|1.20-1.40| 0.6-2 |0.08-0.17| 0.0-2.9 | 0.0-0.5 | .28 | . | | | | | | | | | | | AnB: | | | | | | | | | | |  Andover-------------| 0-8 | 23-52| 28-50| 10-27|1.20-1.40| 0.6-2 |0.08-0.18| 0.0-2.9 | 1.0-4.0 | .24 | . | 8-19 | 35-60| 18-40| 18-35|1.20-1.40| 0.6-2 |0.08-0.12| 0.0-2.9 | 0.0-0.5 | .17 | . | 19-46 | 35-65| 18-40| 18-35|1.30-1.60| 0.06-0.2 |0.06-0.10| 0.0-2.9 | 0.0-0.5 | .17 | . | 46-65 | 45-65| 15-35| 18-40|1.40-1.70| 0.06-0.6 |0.08-0.12| 0.0-2.9 | 0.0-0.5 | .17 | . | | | | | | | | | | | Ba: | | | | | | | | | | |  Basher--------------| 0-8 | 43-80| 15-35| 6-18|1.15-1.40| 0.6-2 |0.15-0.21| 0.0-2.9 | 1.0-5.0 | .32 | . | 8-22 | 40-60| 30-55| 6-18|1.15-1.45| 0.6-2 |0.10-0.19| 0.0-2.9 | 0.0-3.0 | .32 | . | 22-46 | 40-75| 15-45| 6-18|1.25-1.55| 0.2-2 |0.10-0.19| 0.0-2.9 | 0.0-0.8 | .32 | . | 46-65 | 50-80| 10-30| 1-8 |1.25-1.55| 0.6-6 |0.02-0.07| 0.0-2.9 | 0.0-0.5 | .17 | . | | | | | | | | | | | BbC: | | | | | | | | | | |  Berks---------------| 0-1 | 0-0 | 0-0 | 0-0 |0.15-0.40| 6-20 |0.45-0.55| --- | 30-80 | --- | - | 1-4 | 30-50| 35-50| 5-23|1.20-1.50| 0.6-6 |0.08-0.12| 0.0-2.9 | 4.0-12 | .17 | . | 4-21 | 30-50| 35-60| 5-32|1.20-1.60| 0.6-6 |0.04-0.10| 0.0-2.9 | 0.0-0.5 | .17 | . | 21-24 | 30-50| 35-60| 5-20|1.20-1.60| 2-6 |0.04-0.10| 0.0-2.9 | 0.0-0.5 | .17 | . | 24-28 | --- | --- | --- | --- | 0.06-20 | --- | --- | 0.0-0.0 | --- | - | | | | | | | | | | | BbE: | | | | | | | | | | |  Berks---------------| 0-1 | 0-0 | 0-0 | 0-0 |0.15-0.40| 6-20 |0.45-0.55| --- | 30-80 | --- | - | 1-4 | 30-50| 35-50| 5-23|1.20-1.50| 0.6-6 |0.08-0.12| 0.0-2.9 | 4.0-12 | .17 | . | 4-21 | 30-60| 35-60| 5-32|1.20-1.60| 0.6-6 |0.04-0.10| 0.0-2.9 | 0.0-0.5 | .17 | . | 21-24 | 30-60| 35-60| 5-20|1.20-1.60| 2-6 |0.04-0.10| 0.0-2.9 | 0.0-0.5 | .17 | . | 24-28 | --- | --- | --- | --- | 0.06-20 | --- | --- | 0.0-0.0 | --- | - | | | | | | | | | | | BcD: | | | | | | | | | | |  Berks---------------| 0-5 | 30-50| 35-50| 5-23|1.20-1.50| 0.6-6 |0.08-0.12| 0.0-2.9 | 2.0-4.0 | .17 | . | 5-19 | 30-50| 35-60| 5-32|1.20-1.60| 0.6-6 |0.04-0.10| 0.0-2.9 | 0.0-0.5 | .17 | . | 19-23 | 30-50| 35-60| 5-20|1.20-1.60| 2-6 |0.04-0.10| 0.0-2.9 | 0.0-0.5 | .17 | . | 23-27 | --- | --- | --- | --- | 0.06-20 | --- | --- | 0.0-0.0 | --- | - | | | | | | | | | | | 
638

Table 18.--Physical Properties of the Soils--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | | | | | | |Erosion  | | | | | Moist | |Available| Linear | |_______ Map symbol | | | | | bulk |Permeability | water |extensi- | Organic | |  and soil name | Depth | Sand | Silt | Clay | density | (Ksat) |capacity | bility | matter | Kw | 

_____________________|_______|______|______|______|_________|_____________|_________|_________|_________|_____|_ | In | Pct | Pct | Pct | g/cc | In/hr | In/in | Pct | Pct | | 

 | | | | | | | | | | | BcD: | | | | | | | | | | |  Calvin--------------| 0-3 | 35-50| 35-50| 10-25|1.20-1.40| 2-6 |0.12-0.18| 0.0-2.9 | 2.0-4.0 | .24 |  | 3-18 | 30-45| 35-60| 10-25|1.40-1.60| 2-6 |0.08-0.16| 0.0-2.9 | 0.1-0.5 | .20 |  | 18-26 | 30-45| 35-60| 10-25|1.40-1.60| 2-6 |0.06-0.10| 0.0-2.9 | 0.0-0.5 | .20 |  | 26-30 | --- | --- | --- | --- | 0.06-20 | --- | --- | 0.0-0.0 | --- |  | | | | | | | | | | | BcE: | | | | | | | | | | |  Berks---------------| 0-5 | 30-50| 35-50| 5-23|1.20-1.50| 0.6-6 |0.08-0.12| 0.0-2.9 | 2.0-4.0 | .17 |  | 5-19 | 30-50| 35-60| 5-32|1.20-1.60| 0.6-6 |0.04-0.10| 0.0-2.9 | 0.0-0.5 | .17 |  | 19-23 | 30-50| 35-60| 5-20|1.20-1.60| 2-6 |0.04-0.10| 0.0-2.9 | 0.0-0.5 | .17 |  | 23-27 | --- | --- | --- | --- | 0.06-20 | --- | --- | 0.0-0.0 | --- |  | | | | | | | | | | |  Calvin--------------| 0-3 | 35-50| 35-50| 10-25|1.20-1.40| 2-6 |0.12-0.18| 0.0-2.9 | 2.0-4.0 | .24 |  | 3-18 | 30-45| 35-60| 10-25|1.40-1.60| 2-6 |0.08-0.16| 0.0-2.9 | 0.1-0.5 | .20 |  | 18-26 | 30-45| 35-60| 10-25|1.40-1.60| 2-6 |0.06-0.10| 0.0-2.9 | 0.0-0.5 | .20 |  | 26-30 | --- | --- | --- | --- | 0.06-20 | --- | --- | 0.0-0.0 | --- |  | | | | | | | | | | | BcF: | | | | | | | | | | |  Berks---------------| 0-5 | 30-50| 35-50| 5-23|1.20-1.50| 0.6-6 |0.08-0.12| 0.0-2.9 | 2.0-4.0 | .17 |  | 5-19 | 30-50| 35-60| 5-32|1.20-1.60| 0.6-6 |0.04-0.10| 0.0-2.9 | 0.0-0.5 | .17 |  | 19-23 | 30-50| 35-60| 5-20|1.20-1.60| 2-6 |0.04-0.10| 0.0-2.9 | 0.0-0.5 | .17 |  | 23-27 | --- | --- | --- | --- | 0.06-20 | --- | --- | 0.0-0.0 | --- |  | | | | | | | | | | |  Calvin--------------| 0-3 | 35-50| 35-50| 10-25|1.20-1.40| 2-6 |0.12-0.18| 0.0-2.9 | 2.0-4.0 | .24 |  | 3-18 | 30-45| 35-60| 10-25|1.40-1.60| 2-6 |0.08-0.16| 0.0-2.9 | 0.1-0.5 | .20 |  | 18-26 | 30-45| 35-60| 10-25|1.40-1.60| 2-6 |0.06-0.10| 0.0-2.9 | 0.0-0.5 | .20 |  | 26-30 | --- | --- | --- | --- | 0.06-20 | --- | --- | 0.0-0.0 | --- |  | | | | | | | | | | | BeB: | | | | | | | | | | |  Berks---------------| 0-7 | 25-45| 50-60| 5-23|1.20-1.50| 0.6-6 |0.08-0.12| 0.0-2.9 | 2.0-4.0 | .17 |  | 7-21 | 25-45| 35-60| 5-32|1.20-1.60| 0.6-6 |0.04-0.10| 0.0-2.9 | 0.0-0.5 | .17 |  | 21-25 | 25-45| 35-60| 5-20|1.20-1.60| 2-6 |0.04-0.10| 0.0-2.9 | 0.0-0.5 | .17 |  | 25-29 | --- | --- | --- | --- | 0.06-20 | --- | --- | 0.0-0.0 | --- |  | | | | | | | | | | |  Clearbrook----------| 0-8 | 15-30| 50-65| 15-27|1.25-1.55| 0.6-2 |0.08-0.12| 0.0-2.9 | 0.1-2.0 | .32 |  | 8-19 | 10-25| 45-65| 20-35|1.35-1.55| 0.2-0.6 |0.08-0.12| 3.0-5.9 | 0.0-0.5 | .28 |  | 19-22 | 5-20| 45-65| 25-50|1.35-1.55| 0.2-0.6 |0.06-0.10| 3.0-5.9 | 0.0-0.5 | .28 |  | 22-26 | --- | --- | --- | --- | 0.06-0.2 | --- | --- | 0.0-0.0 | --- |  | | | | | | | | | | | BeC: | | | | | | | | | | |  Berks---------------| 0-7 | 25-45| 50-60| 5-23|1.20-1.50| 0.6-6 |0.08-0.12| 0.0-2.9 | 2.0-4.0 | .17 |  | 7-21 | 25-45| 35-60| 5-32|1.20-1.60| 0.6-6 |0.04-0.10| 0.0-2.9 | 0.0-0.5 | .17 |  | 21-25 | 25-45| 35-60| 5-20|1.20-1.60| 2-6 |0.04-0.10| 0.0-2.9 | 0.0-0.5 | .17 |  | 25-29 | --- | --- | --- | --- | 0.06-20 | --- | --- | 0.0-0.0 | --- |  | | | | | | | | | | | 
639

Table 18.--Physical Properties of the Soils--Continued

_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ | | | | | | | | | |Erosion  | | | | | Moist | |Available| Linear | |________ Map symbol | | | | | bulk |Permeability | water |extensi- | Organic | |  and soil name | Depth | Sand | Silt | Clay | density | (Ksat) |capacity | bility | matter | Kw | K

_____________________|_______|______|______|______|_________|_____________|_________|_________|_________|_____|__ | In | Pct | Pct | Pct | g/cc | In/hr | In/in | Pct | Pct | | 

 | | | | | | | | | | | BeC: | | | | | | | | | | |  Clearbrook----------| 0-8 | 15-30| 50-65| 15-27|1.25-1.55| 0.6-2 |0.08-0.12| 0.0-2.9 | 0.1-2.0 | .32 | . | 8-19 | 10-25| 45-65| 20-35|1.35-1.55| 0.2-0.6 |0.08-0.12| 3.0-5.9 | 0.0-0.5 | .28 | . | 19-22 | 5-20| 45-65| 25-50|1.35-1.55| 0.2-0.6 |0.06-0.10| 3.0-5.9 | 0.0-0.5 | .28 | . | 22-26 | --- | --- | --- | --- | 0.06-0.2 | --- | --- | 0.0-0.0 | --- | - | | | | | | | | | | | BkB: | | | | | | | | | | |  Berks---------------| 0-7 | 25-45| 50-60| 5-23|1.20-1.50| 0.6-6 |0.08-0.12| 0.0-2.9 | 2.0-4.0 | .17 | . | 7-21 | 25-45| 35-60| 5-32|1.20-1.60| 0.6-6 |0.04-0.10| 0.0-2.9 | 0.0-0.5 | .17 | . | 21-25 | 25-45| 35-60| 5-20|1.20-1.60| 2-6 |0.04-0.10| 0.0-2.9 | 0.0-0.5 | .17 | . | 25-29 | --- | --- | --- | --- | 0.06-20 | --- | --- | 0.0-0.0 | --- | - | | | | | | | | | | |  Weikert-------------| 0-6 | 25-40| 50-60| 10-25|1.20-1.40| 2-6 |0.08-0.14| 0.0-2.9 | 1.0-4.0 | .28 | - | 6-14 | 25-45| 40-60| 10-25|1.20-1.40| 2-6 |0.06-0.11| 0.0-2.9 | 0.0-0.5 | .28 | - | 14-18 | 25-45| 40-60| 10-25|1.20-1.40| 2-6 |0.04-0.08| 0.0-2.9 | 0.0-0.5 | .28 | - | 18-22 | --- | --- | --- | --- | 0.06-20 | --- | --- | 0.0-0.0 | --- | - | | | | | | | | | | | BqF: | | | | | | | | | | |  Blackthorn----------| 0-1 | 0-0 | 0-0 | 0-0 |0.10-0.30| 6-20 |0.55-0.65| --- | 65-90 | --- | - | 1-2 | 0-0 | 0-0 | 0-0 |0.15-0.40| 6-20 |0.45-0.55| --- | 30-80 | --- | - | 2-7 | 55-70| 20-35| 2-10|1.20-1.40| 0.6-6 |0.10-0.15| 0.0-2.9 | 4.0-14 | .20 | . | 7-47 | 45-70| 15-35| 7-18|1.20-1.50| 0.6-6 |0.08-0.12| 0.0-2.9 | 0.2-1.0 | .20 | . | 47-65 | 5-15| 35-55| 27-60|1.30-1.60| 0.2-2 |0.14-0.18| 3.0-5.9 | 0.1-0.5 | .28 | . | | | | | | | | | | | BrB: | | | | | | | | | | |  Brinkerton----------| 0-7 | 5-15| 55-75| 15-30|1.20-1.40| 0.6-2 |0.18-0.24| 0.0-2.9 | 1.0-4.0 | .32 | . | 7-21 | 5-15| 55-75| 15-35|1.20-1.50| 0.6-2 |0.14-0.18| 3.0-5.9 | 0.0-0.5 | .37 | . | 21-45 | 5-15| 55-70| 15-35|1.40-1.70| 0.06-0.2 |0.08-0.12| 3.0-5.9 | 0.0-0.5 | .32 | . | 45-60 | 10-40| 45-60| 15-25|1.20-1.60| 0.06-0.6 |0.14-0.18| 0.0-2.9 | 0.0-0.5 | .20 | . | | | | | | | | | | | BuB: | | | | | | | | | | |  Buchanan------------| 0-8 | 30-52| 28-45| 10-27|1.20-1.40| 0.6-2 |0.12-0.18| 0.0-2.9 | 1.0-3.0 | .24 | . | 8-33 | 35-55| 20-45| 18-30|1.30-1.60| 0.6-2 |0.10-0.16| 0.0-2.9 | 0.0-0.5 | .24 | . | 33-65 | 35-55| 20-45| 18-35|1.40-1.70| 0.06-0.2 |0.06-0.10| 0.0-2.9 | 0.0-0.5 | .17 | . | | | | | | | | | | | BuC: | | | | | | | | | | |  Buchanan------------| 0-8 | 30-52| 28-45| 10-27|1.20-1.40| 0.6-2 |0.12-0.18| 0.0-2.9 | 1.0-3.0 | .24 | . | 8-33 | 35-55| 20-45| 18-30|1.30-1.60| 0.6-2 |0.10-0.16| 0.0-2.9 | 0.0-0.5 | .24 | . | 33-65 | 35-55| 20-45| 18-35|1.40-1.70| 0.06-0.2 |0.06-0.10| 0.0-2.9 | 0.0-0.5 | .17 | . | | | | | | | | | | | BxC: | | | | | | | | | | |  Buchanan------------| 0-3 | 0-0 | 0-0 | 0-0 |0.10-0.30| 6-20 |0.55-0.65| --- | 65-90 | --- | - | 3-4 | 0-0 | 0-0 | 0-0 |0.15-0.30| 6-20 |0.45-0.55| --- | 60-85 | --- | - | 4-5 | 30-52| 28-45| 10-27|1.20-1.40| 0.6-2 |0.11-0.16| 0.0-2.9 | 4.0-14 | .24 | . | 5-33 | 35-55| 20-45| 18-30|1.30-1.60| 0.6-2 |0.10-0.16| 0.0-2.9 | 0.0-0.5 | .24 | . | 33-65 | 35-55| 20-45| 18-35|1.40-1.70| 0.06-0.2 |0.06-0.10| 0.0-2.9 | 0.0-0.5 | .17 | . | | | | | | | | | | | 
640

Table 18.--Physical Properties of the Soils--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | | | | | | |Erosion  | | | | | Moist | |Available| Linear | |_______ Map symbol | | | | | bulk |Permeability | water |extensi- | Organic | |  and soil name | Depth | Sand | Silt | Clay | density | (Ksat) |capacity | bility | matter | Kw | 

_____________________|_______|______|______|______|_________|_____________|_________|_________|_________|_____|_ | In | Pct | Pct | Pct | g/cc | In/hr | In/in | Pct | Pct | | 

 | | | | | | | | | | | BxE: | | | | | | | | | | |  Buchanan------------| 0-2 | 0-0 | 0-0 | 0-0 |0.10-0.30| 6-20 |0.55-0.65| --- | 65-90 | --- |  | 2-4 | 30-52| 28-45| 10-27|1.20-1.40| 0.6-2 |0.11-0.16| 0.0-2.9 | 4.0-14 | .24 |  | 4-30 | 35-55| 20-45| 18-30|1.30-1.60| 0.6-2 |0.10-0.16| 0.0-2.9 | 0.0-0.5 | .24 |  | 30-65 | 35-55| 20-45| 18-35|1.40-1.70| 0.06-0.2 |0.06-0.10| 0.0-2.9 | 0.0-0.5 | .17 |  | | | | | | | | | | | CbB: | | | | | | | | | | |  Calvin--------------| 0-3 | 35-50| 35-50| 10-25|1.20-1.40| 2-6 |0.12-0.18| 0.0-2.9 | 2.0-4.0 | .24 |  | 3-18 | 30-45| 35-60| 10-25|1.40-1.60| 2-6 |0.08-0.16| 0.0-2.9 | 0.1-0.5 | .20 |  | 18-26 | 30-45| 35-60| 10-25|1.40-1.60| 2-6 |0.06-0.10| 0.0-2.9 | 0.0-0.5 | .20 |  | 26-30 | --- | --- | --- | --- | 0.06-20 | --- | --- | 0.0-0.0 | --- |  | | | | | | | | | | |  Berks---------------| 0-5 | 30-50| 35-50| 5-23|1.20-1.50| 0.6-6 |0.08-0.12| 0.0-2.9 | 2.0-4.0 | .17 |  | 5-19 | 30-50| 35-60| 5-32|1.20-1.60| 0.6-6 |0.04-0.10| 0.0-2.9 | 0.0-0.5 | .17 |  | 19-23 | 30-50| 35-60| 5-20|1.20-1.60| 2-6 |0.04-0.10| 0.0-2.9 | 0.0-0.5 | .17 |  | 23-27 | --- | --- | --- | --- | 0.06-20 | --- | --- | 0.0-0.0 | --- |  | | | | | | | | | | | CbC: | | | | | | | | | | |  Calvin--------------| 0-3 | 35-50| 35-50| 10-25|1.20-1.40| 2-6 |0.12-0.18| 0.0-2.9 | 2.0-4.0 | .24 |  | 3-18 | 30-45| 35-60| 10-25|1.40-1.60| 2-6 |0.08-0.16| 0.0-2.9 | 0.1-0.5 | .20 |  | 18-26 | 30-45| 35-60| 10-25|1.40-1.60| 2-6 |0.06-0.10| 0.0-2.9 | 0.0-0.5 | .20 |  | 26-30 | --- | --- | --- | --- | 0.06-20 | --- | --- | 0.0-0.0 | --- |  | | | | | | | | | | |  Berks---------------| 0-5 | 30-50| 35-50| 5-23|1.20-1.50| 0.6-6 |0.08-0.12| 0.0-2.9 | 2.0-4.0 | .17 |  | 5-19 | 30-50| 35-60| 5-32|1.20-1.60| 0.6-6 |0.04-0.10| 0.0-2.9 | 0.0-0.5 | .17 |  | 19-23 | 30-50| 35-60| 5-20|1.20-1.60| 2-6 |0.04-0.10| 0.0-2.9 | 0.0-0.5 | .17 |  | 23-27 | --- | --- | --- | --- | 0.06-20 | --- | --- | 0.0-0.0 | --- |  | | | | | | | | | | | CkB: | | | | | | | | | | |  Calvin--------------| 0-3 | 35-50| 35-50| 10-25|1.20-1.40| 2-6 |0.12-0.18| 0.0-2.9 | 2.0-4.0 | .24 |  | 3-18 | 30-45| 35-60| 10-25|1.40-1.60| 2-6 |0.08-0.16| 0.0-2.9 | 0.1-0.5 | .20 |  | 18-26 | 30-45| 35-60| 10-25|1.40-1.60| 2-6 |0.06-0.10| 0.0-2.9 | 0.0-0.5 | .20 |  | 26-30 | --- | --- | --- | --- | 0.06-20 | --- | --- | 0.0-0.0 | --- |  | | | | | | | | | | |  Klinesville---------| 0-2 | 23-45| 35-50| 10-25|1.20-1.40| 2-6 |0.08-0.12| 0.0-2.9 | 2.0-4.0 | .20 |  | 2-14 | 20-45| 35-60| 10-20|1.40-1.60| 2-6 |0.06-0.10| 0.0-2.9 | 0.1-0.5 | .20 |  | 14-18 | 20-45| 35-60| 10-20|1.40-1.60| 2-6 |0.04-0.08| 0.0-2.9 | 0.0-0.5 | .20 |  | 18-22 | --- | --- | --- | --- | 0.06-20 | --- | --- | 0.0-0.0 | --- |  | | | | | | | | | | | CkC: | | | | | | | | | | |  Calvin--------------| 0-3 | 35-50| 35-50| 10-25|1.20-1.40| 2-6 |0.12-0.18| 0.0-2.9 | 2.0-4.0 | .24 |  | 3-18 | 30-45| 35-60| 10-25|1.40-1.60| 2-6 |0.08-0.16| 0.0-2.9 | 0.1-0.5 | .20 |  | 18-26 | 30-45| 35-60| 10-25|1.40-1.60| 2-6 |0.06-0.10| 0.0-2.9 | 0.0-0.5 | .20 |  | 26-30 | --- | --- | --- | --- | 0.06-20 | --- | --- | 0.0-0.0 | --- |  | | | | | | | | | | | 
641

Table 18.--Physical Properties of the Soils--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | | | | | | |Erosion  | | | | | Moist | |Available| Linear | |_______ Map symbol | | | | | bulk |Permeability | water |extensi- | Organic | |  and soil name | Depth | Sand | Silt | Clay | density | (Ksat) |capacity | bility | matter | Kw | 

_____________________|_______|______|______|______|_________|_____________|_________|_________|_________|_____|_ | In | Pct | Pct | Pct | g/cc | In/hr | In/in | Pct | Pct | | 

 | | | | | | | | | | | CkC: | | | | | | | | | | |  Klinesville---------| 0-2 | 23-45| 35-50| 10-25|1.20-1.40| 2-6 |0.08-0.12| 0.0-2.9 | 2.0-4.0 | .20 |  | 2-14 | 20-45| 35-60| 10-20|1.40-1.60| 2-6 |0.06-0.10| 0.0-2.9 | 0.1-0.5 | .20 |  | 14-18 | 20-45| 35-60| 10-20|1.40-1.60| 2-6 |0.04-0.08| 0.0-2.9 | 0.0-0.5 | .20 |  | 18-22 | --- | --- | --- | --- | 0.06-20 | --- | --- | 0.0-0.0 | --- |  | | | | | | | | | | | CkD: | | | | | | | | | | |  Calvin--------------| 0-3 | 35-50| 35-50| 10-25|1.20-1.40| 2-6 |0.12-0.18| 0.0-2.9 | 2.0-4.0 | .24 |  | 3-18 | 30-45| 35-60| 10-25|1.40-1.60| 2-6 |0.08-0.16| 0.0-2.9 | 0.1-0.5 | .20 |  | 18-26 | 30-45| 35-60| 10-25|1.40-1.60| 2-6 |0.06-0.10| 0.0-2.9 | 0.0-0.5 | .20 |  | 26-30 | --- | --- | --- | --- | 0.06-20 | --- | --- | 0.0-0.0 | --- |  | | | | | | | | | | |  Klinesville---------| 0-2 | 23-45| 35-50| 10-25|1.20-1.40| 2-6 |0.08-0.12| 0.0-2.9 | 2.0-4.0 | .20 |  | 2-14 | 20-45| 35-60| 10-20|1.40-1.60| 2-6 |0.06-0.10| 0.0-2.9 | 0.1-0.5 | .20 |  | 14-18 | 20-45| 35-60| 10-20|1.40-1.60| 2-6 |0.04-0.08| 0.0-2.9 | 0.0-0.5 | .20 |  | 18-22 | --- | --- | --- | --- | 0.06-20 | --- | --- | 0.0-0.0 | --- |  | | | | | | | | | | | CkE: | | | | | | | | | | |  Calvin--------------| 0-3 | 35-50| 35-50| 10-25|1.20-1.40| 2-6 |0.12-0.18| 0.0-2.9 | 2.0-4.0 | .24 |  | 3-18 | 30-45| 35-60| 10-25|1.40-1.60| 2-6 |0.08-0.16| 0.0-2.9 | 0.1-0.5 | .20 |  | 18-26 | 30-45| 35-60| 10-25|1.40-1.60| 2-6 |0.06-0.10| 0.0-2.9 | 0.2-0.5 | .20 |  | 26-30 | --- | --- | --- | --- | 0.06-20 | --- | --- | 0.0-0.0 | --- |  | | | | | | | | | | |  Klinesville---------| 0-2 | 23-45| 35-50| 10-25|1.20-1.40| 2-6 |0.08-0.12| 0.0-2.9 | 2.0-4.0 | .20 |  | 2-14 | 20-45| 35-60| 10-20|1.40-1.60| 2-6 |0.06-0.10| 0.0-2.9 | 0.1-0.5 | .20 |  | 14-18 | 20-45| 35-60| 10-20|1.40-1.60| 2-6 |0.04-0.08| 0.0-2.9 | 0.0-0.5 | .20 |  | 18-22 | --- | --- | --- | --- | 0.06-20 | --- | --- | 0.0-0.0 | --- |  | | | | | | | | | | | CkF: | | | | | | | | | | |  Calvin--------------| 0-3 | 35-50| 35-50| 10-25|1.20-1.40| 2-6 |0.12-0.18| 0.0-2.9 | 2.0-4.0 | .24 |  | 3-18 | 30-45| 35-60| 10-25|1.40-1.60| 2-6 |0.08-0.16| 0.0-2.9 | 0.1-0.5 | .20 |  | 18-26 | 30-45| 35-60| 10-25|1.40-1.60| 2-6 |0.06-0.10| 0.0-2.9 | 0.0-0.5 | .20 |  | 26-30 | --- | --- | --- | --- | 0.06-20 | --- | --- | 0.0-0.0 | --- |  | | | | | | | | | | |  Klinesville---------| 0-2 | 23-45| 35-50| 10-25|1.20-1.40| 2-6 |0.08-0.12| 0.0-2.9 | 2.0-4.0 | .20 |  | 2-14 | 20-45| 35-60| 10-20|1.40-1.60| 2-6 |0.06-0.10| 0.0-2.9 | 0.1-0.5 | .20 |  | 14-18 | 20-45| 35-60| 10-20|1.40-1.60| 2-6 |0.04-0.08| 0.0-2.9 | 0.0-0.5 | .20 |  | 18-22 | --- | --- | --- | --- | 0.06-20 | --- | --- | 0.0-0.0 | --- |  | | | | | | | | | | | ClC: | | | | | | | | | | |  Caneyville----------| 0-4 | 10-24| 50-70| 18-27|1.20-1.40| 0.6-2 |0.17-0.22| 0.0-2.9 | 2.0-4.0 | .43 |  | 4-12 | 10-24| 45-70| 18-35|1.25-1.50| 0.6-2 |0.13-0.18| 0.0-4.5 | 0.0-0.2 | .43 |  | 12-24 | 5-15| 35-55| 36-60|1.35-1.60| 0.2-0.6 |0.12-0.18| 3.0-5.9 | 0.0-0.2 | .28 |  | 24-28 | --- | --- | --- | --- | 0.06-2 | --- | --- | 0.0-0.0 | --- |  | | | | | | | | | | | 
642

Table 18.--Physical Properties of the Soils--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | | | | | | |Erosion  | | | | | Moist | |Available| Linear | |_______ Map symbol | | | | | bulk |Permeability | water |extensi- | Organic | |  and soil name | Depth | Sand | Silt | Clay | density | (Ksat) |capacity | bility | matter | Kw | 

_____________________|_______|______|______|______|_________|_____________|_________|_________|_________|_____|_ | In | Pct | Pct | Pct | g/cc | In/hr | In/in | Pct | Pct | | 

 | | | | | | | | | | | ClD: | | | | | | | | | | |  Caneyville----------| 0-4 | 10-24| 50-70| 18-27|1.20-1.40| 0.6-2 |0.17-0.22| 0.0-2.9 | 2.0-4.0 | .43 |  | 4-12 | 10-24| 45-70| 18-35|1.25-1.50| 0.6-2 |0.13-0.18| 0.0-4.5 | 0.0-0.2 | .43 |  | 12-24 | 5-15| 35-55| 36-60|1.35-1.60| 0.2-0.6 |0.12-0.18| 3.0-5.9 | 0.0-0.2 | .28 |  | 24-28 | --- | --- | --- | --- | 0.06-2 | --- | --- | 0.0-0.0 | --- |  | | | | | | | | | | | ClE: | | | | | | | | | | |  Caneyville----------| 0-4 | 10-24| 50-70| 18-27|1.20-1.40| 0.6-2 |0.17-0.22| 0.0-2.9 | 2.0-4.0 | .43 |  | 4-12 | 10-24| 45-70| 18-35|1.25-1.50| 0.6-2 |0.13-0.18| 0.0-4.5 | 0.0-0.2 | .43 |  | 12-24 | 5-15| 35-55| 36-60|1.35-1.60| 0.2-0.6 |0.12-0.18| 3.0-5.9 | 0.0-0.2 | .28 |  | 24-28 | --- | --- | --- | --- | 0.06-2 | --- | --- | 0.0-0.0 | --- |  | | | | | | | | | | | CnF: | | | | | | | | | | |  Caneyville----------| 0-4 | 10-20| 45-60| 27-32|1.20-1.40| 0.6-2 |0.17-0.22| 0.0-2.9 | 1.0-2.0 | .43 |  | 4-24 | 5-15| 35-55| 36-60|1.35-1.60| 0.2-0.6 |0.12-0.18| 3.0-5.9 | 0.0-0.2 | .28 |  | 24-28 | --- | --- | --- | --- | 0.06-2 | --- | --- | 0.0-0.0 | --- |  | | | | | | | | | | | CrB: | | | | | | | | | | |  Clarksburg----------| 0-12 | 15-30| 50-65| 10-27|1.20-1.40| 0.6-2 |0.12-0.18| 0.0-2.9 | 1.0-3.0 | .28 |  | 12-29 | 15-30| 40-55| 22-35|1.30-1.50| 0.6-2 |0.12-0.18| 3.0-5.9 | 0.1-0.5 | .28 |  | 29-60 | 15-35| 35-55| 22-35|1.40-1.70| 0.06-0.6 |0.06-0.12| 3.0-5.9 | 0.1-0.5 | .28 |  | | | | | | | | | | | CrC: | | | | | | | | | | |  Clarksburg----------| 0-12 | 15-30| 50-65| 10-27|1.20-1.40| 0.6-2 |0.12-0.18| 0.0-2.9 | 1.0-3.0 | .28 |  | 12-29 | 15-30| 40-55| 22-35|1.30-1.50| 0.6-2 |0.12-0.18| 3.0-5.9 | 0.1-0.5 | .28 |  | 29-60 | 20-35| 35-50| 22-35|1.40-1.70| 0.06-0.6 |0.06-0.12| 3.0-5.9 | 0.1-0.5 | .28 |  | | | | | | | | | | | CvB: | | | | | | | | | | |  Clearbrook----------| 0-8 | 15-30| 50-65| 15-27|1.25-1.55| 0.6-2 |0.14-0.18| 0.0-2.9 | 0.1-2.0 | .37 |  | 8-19 | 10-25| 45-65| 20-40|1.35-1.55| 0.2-0.6 |0.08-0.12| 3.0-5.9 | 0.0-0.5 | .28 |  | 19-22 | 5-20| 45-65| 25-50|1.35-1.55| 0.2-0.6 |0.06-0.10| 3.0-5.9 | 0.0-0.5 | .28 |  | 22-26 | --- | --- | --- | --- | 0.06-0.2 | --- | --- | 0.0-0.0 | --- |  | | | | | | | | | | |  Cavode--------------| 0-12 | 15-25| 50-70| 15-35|1.20-1.40| 0.6-2 |0.18-0.22| 0.0-2.9 | 2.0-4.0 | .37 |  | 12-51 | 10-25| 35-55| 35-45|1.20-1.50| 0.06-0.2 |0.10-0.14| 3.0-5.9 | 0.1-0.5 | .24 |  | 51-62 | 10-25| 35-55| 25-45|1.20-1.50| 0.06-0.2 |0.08-0.12| 3.0-5.9 | 0.1-0.5 | .24 |  | 62-66 | --- | --- | --- | --- | 0.06-2 | --- | --- | 0.0-0.0 | --- |  | | | | | | | | | | | Cz: | | | | | | | | | | |  Combs---------------| 0-20 | 45-70| 20-52| 5-18|1.20-1.50| 0.6-6 |0.12-0.20| 0.0-2.9 | 1.0-5.0 | .24 |  | 20-53 | 45-70| 20-52| 5-18|1.20-1.50| 0.6-6 |0.12-0.20| 0.0-2.9 | 0.5-2.0 | .28 |  | 53-65 | 50-80| 15-40| 5-18|1.20-1.50| 0.6-6 |0.12-0.20| 0.0-2.9 | 0.5-2.0 | .28 |  | | | | | | | | | | | 
643

Table 18.--Physical Properties of the Soils--Continued

_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ | | | | | | | | | |Erosion  | | | | | Moist | |Available| Linear | |________ Map symbol | | | | | bulk |Permeability | water |extensi- | Organic | |  and soil name | Depth | Sand | Silt | Clay | density | (Ksat) |capacity | bility | matter | Kw | K

_____________________|_______|______|______|______|_________|_____________|_________|_________|_________|_____|__ | In | Pct | Pct | Pct | g/cc | In/hr | In/in | Pct | Pct | | 

 | | | | | | | | | | | DkC: | | | | | | | | | | |  Dekalb--------------| 0-1 | 0-0 | 0-0 | 0-0 |0.15-0.40| 6-20 |0.45-0.55| --- | 30-80 | --- | - | 1-4 | 47-70| 15-30| 10-20|1.20-1.50| 6-20 |0.08-0.12| 0.0-2.9 | 4.0-12 | .17 | . | 4-15 | 47-80| 10-30| 7-18|1.20-1.50| 6-20 |0.06-0.12| 0.0-2.9 | 0.0-0.5 | .17 | . | 15-24 | 47-80| 10-30| 5-15|1.20-1.50| 6-20 |0.05-0.10| 0.0-2.9 | 0.0-0.5 | .17 | . | 24-28 | --- | --- | --- | --- | 2-6 |0.00-0.00| --- | 0.0-0.0 | --- | - | | | | | | | | | | | DrE: | | | | | | | | | | |  Dekalb--------------| 0-1 | 0-0 | 0-0 | 0-0 |0.15-0.40| 6-20 |0.45-0.55| --- | 30-80 | --- | - | 1-3 | 47-70| 15-30| 10-20|1.20-1.50| 6-20 |0.08-0.12| 0.0-2.9 | 4.0-12 | .17 | . | 3-24 | 47-80| 10-30| 7-18|1.20-1.50| 6-20 |0.06-0.12| 0.0-2.9 | 0.0-0.5 | .17 | . | 24-34 | 47-80| 10-27| 5-15|1.20-1.50| 6-20 |0.05-0.10| 0.0-2.9 | 0.0-0.5 | .17 | . | 34-38 | --- | --- | --- | --- | 2-6 |0.00-0.00| --- | 0.0-0.0 | --- | - | | | | | | | | | | |  Rock outcrop--------| 0-60 | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | - | | | | | | | | | | | DsB: | | | | | | | | | | |  Downsville----------| 0-10 | 35-55| 30-50| 12-18|1.20-1.40| 2-6 |0.14-0.17| 0.0-2.9 | 1.0-4.0 | .28 | . | 10-18 | 30-60| 25-45| 12-18|1.40-1.55| 0.6-2 |0.14-0.17| 0.0-2.9 | 0.0-0.5 | .28 | . | 18-30 | 30-60| 20-45| 20-40|1.40-1.55| 0.6-2 |0.06-0.17| 0.0-2.9 | 0.0-0.5 | .20 | . | 30-99 | 30-60| 20-35| 18-35|1.40-1.55| 0.2-0.6 |0.06-0.10| 0.0-2.9 | 0.0-0.5 | .20 | . | | | | | | | | | | | DsC: | | | | | | | | | | |  Downsville----------| 0-7 | 35-55| 30-50| 12-18|1.20-1.40| 2-6 |0.14-0.17| 0.0-2.9 | 1.0-4.0 | .28 | . | 7-15 | 30-60| 25-45| 12-18|1.40-1.55| 0.6-2 |0.14-0.17| 0.0-2.9 | 0.0-0.5 | .28 | . | 15-27 | 30-60| 20-45| 20-40|1.40-1.55| 0.6-2 |0.06-0.17| 0.0-2.9 | 0.0-0.5 | .20 | . | 27-99 | 30-60| 20-35| 18-35|1.40-1.55| 0.2-0.6 |0.06-0.10| 0.0-2.9 | 0.0-0.5 | .20 | . | | | | | | | | | | | Dz: | | | | | | | | | | |  Dunning-------------| 0-12 | 10-20| 40-60| 27-40|1.20-1.40| 0.6-2 |0.19-0.23| 3.0-5.9 | 2.0-10 | .32 | . | 12-46 | 5-20| 30-60| 35-60|1.40-1.65|0.0015-0.1 |0.14-0.18| 3.0-5.9 | 0.2-0.5 | .28 | . | 46-65 | 10-60| 25-75| 15-60|1.40-1.65|0.0015-1 |0.10-0.18| 1.5-5.9 | 0.2-0.5 | --- | - | | | | | | | | | | | ErB: | | | | | | | | | | |  Ernest--------------| 0-7 | 10-30| 45-65| 15-20|1.20-1.40| 0.6-2 |0.14-0.20| 0.0-2.9 | 2.0-4.0 | .43 | . | 7-27 | 10-25| 45-65| 20-35|1.30-1.50| 0.6-2 |0.12-0.16| 3.0-5.9 | 0.0-0.5 | .32 | . | 27-43 | 15-30| 40-60| 22-35|1.40-1.70| 0.06-0.6 |0.08-0.12| 0.0-2.9 | 0.0-0.5 | .32 | . | 43-65 | 15-30| 40-60| 15-30|1.30-1.60| 0.06-0.6 |0.08-0.12| 3.0-5.9 | 0.0-0.5 | .32 | . | | | | | | | | | | | ErC: | | | | | | | | | | |  Ernest--------------| 0-6 | 10-30| 45-65| 15-20|1.20-1.40| 0.6-2 |0.14-0.20| 0.0-2.9 | 2.0-4.0 | .43 | . | 6-26 | 10-25| 45-65| 20-35|1.30-1.50| 0.6-2 |0.12-0.16| 3.0-5.9 | 0.0-0.5 | .32 | . | 26-42 | 15-30| 40-60| 22-35|1.40-1.70| 0.06-0.6 |0.08-0.12| 0.0-2.9 | 0.0-0.5 | .32 | . | 42-65 | 15-30| 40-60| 15-30|1.30-1.60| 0.06-0.6 |0.08-0.12| 3.0-5.9 | 0.0-0.5 | .32 | . | | | | | | | | | | | 
644

Table 18.--Physical Properties of the Soils--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | | | | | | |Erosion  | | | | | Moist | |Available| Linear | |_______ Map symbol | | | | | bulk |Permeability | water |extensi- | Organic | |  and soil name | Depth | Sand | Silt | Clay | density | (Ksat) |capacity | bility | matter | Kw | 

_____________________|_______|______|______|______|_________|_____________|_________|_________|_________|_____|_ | In | Pct | Pct | Pct | g/cc | In/hr | In/in | Pct | Pct | | 

 | | | | | | | | | | | HaE: | | | | | | | | | | |  Hazleton------------| 0-1 | 0-0 | 0-0 | 0-0 |0.10-0.30| 6-20 |0.55-0.65| --- | 65-90 | --- |  | 1-2 | 0-0 | 0-0 | 0-0 |0.15-0.30| 6-20 |0.45-0.55| --- | 60-85 | --- |  | 2-5 | 45-55| 20-42| 7-18|1.20-1.40| 2-6 |0.10-0.16| 0.0-2.9 | 4.0-12 | .15 |  | 5-49 | 45-70| 10-42| 7-18|1.20-1.40| 2-20 |0.08-0.12| 0.0-2.9 | 0.0-0.5 | .15 |  | 49-65 | 50-85| 5-35| 5-15|1.20-1.40| 2-20 |0.06-0.12| 0.0-2.9 | 0.0-0.5 | .15 |  | | | | | | | | | | |  Dekalb--------------| 0-1 | 0-0 | 0-0 | 0-0 |0.15-0.40| 6-20 |0.45-0.55| --- | 30-80 | --- |  | 1-4 | 47-70| 15-30| 10-20|1.20-1.50| 6-20 |0.08-0.12| 0.0-2.9 | 4.0-12 | .17 |  | 4-15 | 47-80| 10-30| 7-18|1.20-1.50| 6-20 |0.06-0.12| 0.0-2.9 | 0.0-0.5 | .17 |  | 15-24 | 47-80| 10-27| 5-15|1.20-1.50| 6-20 |0.05-0.10| 0.0-2.9 | 0.0-0.5 | .17 |  | 24-28 | --- | --- | --- | --- | 2-6 |0.00-0.00| --- | 0.0-0.0 | --- |  | | | | | | | | | | | HaF: | | | | | | | | | | |  Hazleton------------| 0-1 | 0-0 | 0-0 | 0-0 |0.10-0.30| 6-20 |0.55-0.65| --- | 65-90 | --- |  | 1-2 | 0-0 | 0-0 | 0-0 |0.15-0.30| 6-20 |0.45-0.55| --- | 60-85 | --- |  | 2-5 | 45-55| 20-42| 7-18|1.20-1.40| 2-6 |0.10-0.16| 0.0-2.9 | 4.0-12 | .15 |  | 5-49 | 45-70| 10-42| 7-18|1.20-1.40| 2-20 |0.08-0.12| 0.0-2.9 | 0.0-0.5 | .15 |  | 49-65 | 50-85| 5-35| 5-15|1.20-1.40| 2-20 |0.06-0.12| 0.0-2.9 | 0.0-0.5 | .15 |  | | | | | | | | | | |  Dekalb--------------| 0-1 | 0-0 | 0-0 | 0-0 |0.15-0.40| 6-20 |0.45-0.55| --- | 30-80 | --- |  | 1-4 | 47-70| 15-30| 10-20|1.20-1.50| 6-20 |0.08-0.12| 0.0-2.9 | 4.0-12 | .17 |  | 4-15 | 47-80| 10-30| 7-18|1.20-1.50| 6-20 |0.06-0.12| 0.0-2.9 | 0.0-0.5 | .17 |  | 15-24 | 47-80| 10-27| 5-15|1.20-1.50| 6-20 |0.05-0.10| 0.0-2.9 | 0.0-0.5 | .17 |  | 24-28 | --- | --- | --- | --- | 2-6 |0.00-0.00| --- | 0.0-0.0 | --- |  | | | | | | | | | | | HdF: | | | | | | | | | | |  Hazleton------------| 0-1 | 0-0 | 0-0 | 0-0 |0.10-0.30| 6-20 |0.55-0.65| --- | 65-90 | --- |  | 1-2 | 0-0 | 0-0 | 0-0 |0.15-0.30| 6-20 |0.45-0.55| --- | 60-85 | --- |  | 2-5 | 45-70| 15-35| 7-18|1.20-1.40| 2-6 |0.10-0.16| 0.0-2.9 | 4.0-12 | .15 |  | 5-49 | 45-70| 15-35| 7-18|1.20-1.40| 2-20 |0.08-0.12| 0.0-2.9 | 0.0-0.5 | .15 |  | 49-65 | 50-85| 5-30| 5-15|1.20-1.40| 2-20 |0.06-0.12| 0.0-2.9 | 0.0-0.5 | .15 |  | | | | | | | | | | |  Dekalb--------------| 0-1 | 0-0 | 0-0 | 0-0 |0.15-0.40| 6-20 |0.45-0.55| --- | 30-80 | --- |  | 1-4 | 47-70| 15-30| 10-20|1.20-1.50| 6-20 |0.08-0.12| 0.0-2.9 | 4.0-12 | .17 |  | 4-15 | 47-80| 10-30| 7-18|1.20-1.50| 6-20 |0.06-0.12| 0.0-2.9 | 0.0-0.5 | .17 |  | 15-24 | 47-80| 10-27| 5-15|1.20-1.50| 6-20 |0.05-0.10| 0.0-2.9 | 0.0-0.5 | .17 |  | 24-28 | --- | --- | --- | --- | 2-6 |0.00-0.00| --- | 0.0-0.0 | --- |  | | | | | | | | | | |  Rock outcrop--------| 0-60 | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |  | | | | | | | | | | | HeF: | | | | | | | | | | |  Hazleton------------| 0-1 | 0-0 | 0-0 | 0-0 |0.10-0.30| 6-20 |0.55-0.65| --- | 65-90 | --- |  | 1-2 | 0-0 | 0-0 | 0-0 |0.15-0.30| 6-20 |0.45-0.55| --- | 60-85 | --- |  | 2-5 | 45-70| 15-35| 7-18|1.20-1.40| 2-6 |0.10-0.16| 0.0-2.9 | 4.0-12 | .15 |  | 5-49 | 45-70| 15-35| 7-18|1.20-1.40| 2-20 |0.08-0.12| 0.0-2.9 | 0.0-0.5 | .15 |  | 49-65 | 50-85| 5-30| 5-15|1.20-1.40| 2-20 |0.06-0.12| 0.0-2.9 | 0.0-0.5 | .15 | 
645

Table 18.--Physical Properties of the Soils--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | | | | | | |Erosion  | | | | | Moist | |Available| Linear | |_______ Map symbol | | | | | bulk |Permeability | water |extensi- | Organic | |  and soil name | Depth | Sand | Silt | Clay | density | (Ksat) |capacity | bility | matter | Kw | 

_____________________|_______|______|______|______|_________|_____________|_________|_________|_________|_____|_ | In | Pct | Pct | Pct | g/cc | In/hr | In/in | Pct | Pct | | 

 | | | | | | | | | | | HeF: | | | | | | | | | | |  Dekalb--------------| 0-1 | 0-0 | 0-0 | 0-0 |0.15-0.40| 6-20 |0.45-0.55| --- | 30-80 | --- |  | 1-4 | 47-70| --- | 10-20|1.20-1.50| 6-20 |0.08-0.12| 0.0-2.9 | 4.0-12 | .17 |  | 4-15 | 47-80| --- | 7-18|1.20-1.50| 6-20 |0.06-0.12| 0.0-2.9 | 0.0-0.5 | .17 |  | 15-24 | 47-80| --- | 5-15|1.20-1.50| 6-20 |0.05-0.10| 0.0-2.9 | 0.0-0.5 | .17 |  | 24-28 | --- | --- | --- | --- | 2-6 |0.00-0.00| --- | 0.0-0.0 | --- |  | | | | | | | | | | |  Rock outcrop--------| 0-60 | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |  | | | | | | | | | | | HlF: | | | | | | | | | | |  Hazleton------------| 0-1 | 0-0 | 0-0 | 0-0 |0.10-0.30| 6-20 |0.55-0.65| --- | 65-90 | --- |  | 1-2 | 0-0 | 0-0 | 0-0 |0.15-0.30| 6-20 |0.45-0.55| --- | 60-85 | --- |  | 2-5 | 45-55| 20-42| 7-18|1.20-1.40| 2-6 |0.10-0.16| 0.0-2.9 | 4.0-12 | .15 |  | 5-49 | 45-70| 10-42| 7-18|1.20-1.40| 2-20 |0.08-0.12| 0.0-2.9 | 0.2-0.5 | .15 |  | 49-65 | 50-85| 5-35| 5-15|1.20-1.40| 2-20 |0.06-0.12| 0.0-2.9 | 0.1-0.3 | .15 |  | | | | | | | | | | |  Lehew---------------| 0-.5 | 0-0 | 0-0 | 0-0 |0.10-0.30| 6-20 |0.55-0.65| --- | 65-90 | --- |  | .5-6 | 55-70| 15-35| 4-16|1.20-1.40| 2-20 |0.08-0.12| 0.0-2.9 | 4.0-12 | .17 |  | 6-29 | 45-70| 15-35| 5-18|1.20-1.40| 2-20 |0.06-0.10| 0.0-2.9 | 0.2-0.5 | .17 |  | 29-35 | 45-70| 15-35| 5-18|1.20-1.40| 2-20 |0.06-0.10| 0.0-2.9 | 0.1-0.3 | .17 |  | 35-39 | --- | --- | --- | --- | 0.06-20 | --- | --- | 0.0-0.0 | --- |  | | | | | | | | | | |  Dekalb--------------| 0-1 | 0-0 | 0-0 | 0-0 |0.15-0.40| 6-20 |0.45-0.55| --- | 30-80 | --- |  | 1-4 | 47-70| 15-30| 10-20|1.20-1.50| 6-20 |0.08-0.12| 0.0-2.9 | 4.0-12 | .17 |  | 4-15 | 47-80| 10-30| 7-18|1.20-1.50| 6-20 |0.06-0.12| 0.0-2.9 | 0.2-0.5 | .17 |  | 15-24 | 47-80| 10-27| 5-15|1.20-1.50| 6-20 |0.05-0.10| 0.0-2.9 | 0.1-0.3 | .17 |  | 24-28 | --- | --- | --- | --- | 2-6 |0.00-0.00| --- | 0.0-0.0 | --- |  | | | | | | | | | | | Ho: | | | | | | | | | | |  Holly---------------| 0-3 | 20-50| 45-60| 15-27|1.20-1.40| 0.6-2 |0.20-0.24| 0.0-2.9 | 2.0-5.0 | .28 |  | 3-24 | 20-60| 35-60| 18-30|1.20-1.50| 0.2-2 |0.17-0.21| 0.0-2.9 | 0.0-0.5 | .28 |  | 24-39 | 35-60| 35-60| 10-27|1.20-1.45| 0.6-6 |0.10-0.20| 0.0-2.9 | 0.0-0.5 | .28 |  | 39-65 | 35-90| 5-60| 6-27|1.20-1.40| 0.6-6 |0.07-0.18| 0.0-2.9 | 0.0-0.5 | .28 |  | | | | | | | | | | | HwB: | | | | | | | | | | |  Hustontown----------| 0-8 | 15-30| 45-65| 15-27|1.20-1.40| 0.6-2 |0.16-0.20| 0.0-2.9 | 1.0-4.0 | .32 |  | 8-12 | 15-40| 40-65| 15-27|1.30-1.50| 0.6-2 |0.14-0.20| 0.0-2.9 | 0.0-0.5 | .28 |  | 12-20 | 15-40| 40-65| 18-35|1.30-1.50| 0.6-2 |0.12-0.16| 0.0-2.9 | 0.0-0.5 | .28 |  | 20-30 | 15-40| 40-65| 18-35|1.30-1.50| 0.6-2 |0.12-0.16| 0.0-2.9 | 0.0-0.5 | .28 |  | 30-65 | 15-40| 40-65| 18-35|1.40-1.70| 0.2-0.6 |0.04-0.08| 0.0-2.9 | 0.0-0.5 | .28 |  | | | | | | | | | | | Ln: | | | | | | | | | | |  Lindside------------| 0-7 | 5-20| 45-75| 15-27|1.20-1.40| 0.6-2 |0.20-0.26| 0.0-2.9 | 2.0-6.0 | .32 |  | 7-48 | 5-20| 45-75| 18-35|1.20-1.40| 0.2-2 |0.17-0.22| 0.0-2.9 | 0.2-1.5 | .37 |  | 48-60 | 5-60| 30-75| 18-35|1.20-1.40| 0.2-6 |0.12-0.18| 0.0-2.9 | 0.1-0.3 | .32 |  | | | | | | | | | | | 
646

Table 18.--Physical Properties of the Soils--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | | | | | | |Erosion  | | | | | Moist | |Available| Linear | |_______ Map symbol | | | | | bulk |Permeability | water |extensi- | Organic | |  and soil name | Depth | Sand | Silt | Clay | density | (Ksat) |capacity | bility | matter | Kw | 

_____________________|_______|______|______|______|_________|_____________|_________|_________|_________|_____|_ | In | Pct | Pct | Pct | g/cc | In/hr | In/in | Pct | Pct | | 

 | | | | | | | | | | | LzC: | | | | | | | | | | |  Litz----------------| 0-.5 | 0-0 | 0-0 | 0-0 |0.15-0.30| 6-20 |0.45-0.55| --- | 60-85 | --- |  | .5-4 | 15-40| 45-65| 10-27|1.20-1.50| 0.6-2 |0.13-0.16| 0.0-2.9 | 2.0-8.0 | .32 |  | 4-27 | 10-40| 45-65| 10-35|1.20-1.50| 0.6-2 |0.10-0.16| 0.0-2.9 | 0.0-0.5 | .32 |  | 27-31 | 10-40| 45-65| 20-35|1.20-1.50| 0.6-2 |0.04-0.10| 0.0-2.9 | 0.2-0.8 | .32 |  | 31-35 | --- | --- | --- | --- | 0.06-20 | --- | --- | 0.0-0.0 | --- |  | | | | | | | | | | | LzD: | | | | | | | | | | |  Litz----------------| 0-.5 | 0-0 | 0-0 | 0-0 |0.15-0.30| 6-20 |0.45-0.55| --- | 60-85 | --- |  | .5-4 | 15-40| 45-65| 10-27|1.20-1.50| 0.6-2 |0.13-0.16| 0.0-2.9 | 2.0-8.0 | .32 |  | 4-27 | 10-40| 45-65| 10-35|1.20-1.50| 0.6-2 |0.10-0.16| 0.0-2.9 | 0.0-0.5 | .32 |  | 27-31 | 10-40| 45-65| 20-35|1.20-1.50| 0.6-2 |0.04-0.10| 0.0-2.9 | 0.2-0.8 | .32 |  | 31-35 | --- | --- | --- | --- | 0.06-20 | --- | --- | 0.0-0.0 | --- |  | | | | | | | | | | | LzE: | | | | | | | | | | |  Litz----------------| 0-.5 | 0-0 | 0-0 | 0-0 |0.15-0.30| 6-20 |0.45-0.55| --- | 60-85 | --- |  | .5-4 | 15-40| 45-65| 10-27|1.20-1.50| 0.6-2 |0.13-0.16| 0.0-2.9 | 2.0-8.0 | .32 |  | 4-27 | 10-40| 45-65| 10-35|1.20-1.50| 0.6-2 |0.10-0.16| 0.0-2.9 | 0.0-0.5 | .32 |  | 27-31 | 10-40| 45-65| 20-35|1.20-1.50| 0.6-2 |0.04-0.10| 0.0-2.9 | 0.2-0.8 | .32 |  | 31-35 | --- | --- | --- | --- | 0.06-20 | --- | --- | 0.0-0.0 | --- |  | | | | | | | | | | | LzF: | | | | | | | | | | |  Litz----------------| 0-.5 | 0-0 | 0-0 | 0-0 |0.15-0.30| 6-20 |0.45-0.55| --- | 60-85 | --- |  | .5-4 | 15-40| 45-65| 10-27|1.20-1.50| 0.6-2 |0.13-0.16| 0.0-2.9 | 2.0-8.0 | .32 |  | 4-27 | 10-40| 45-65| 10-35|1.20-1.50| 0.6-2 |0.10-0.16| 0.0-2.9 | 0.0-0.5 | .32 |  | 27-31 | 10-40| 45-65| 20-35|1.20-1.50| 0.6-2 |0.04-0.10| 0.0-2.9 | 0.2-0.8 | .32 |  | 31-35 | --- | --- | --- | --- | 0.06-20 | --- | --- | 0.0-0.0 | --- |  | | | | | | | | | | | Me: | | | | | | | | | | |  Melvin--------------| 0-10 | 5-20| 45-75| 12-17|1.20-1.60| 0.6-2 |0.18-0.23| 0.0-2.9 | 2.0-8.0 | .43 |  | 10-36 | 5-20| 45-75| 20-35|1.30-1.60| 0.6-2 |0.18-0.23| 0.0-2.9 | 0.2-0.8 | .43 |  | 36-68 | 5-70| 15-75| 7-35|1.40-1.70| 0.6-2 |0.16-0.23| 0.0-2.9 | 0.2-0.8 | .43 |  | 68-72 | 5-90| 5-85| 2-10| --- | --- | --- | --- | 0.2-0.8 | --- |  | | | | | | | | | | | MhA: | | | | | | | | | | |  Monongahela---------| 0-10 | 15-30| 45-65| 10-27|1.20-1.40| 0.6-2 |0.18-0.24| 0.0-2.9 | 2.0-4.0 | .43 |  | 10-27 | 15-35| 35-60| 18-35|1.30-1.50| 0.6-2 |0.14-0.18| 0.0-2.9 | 0.0-0.5 | .43 |  | 27-53 | 15-55| 20-55| 18-35|1.30-1.60| 0.06-0.6 |0.08-0.12| 0.0-2.9 | 0.0-0.5 | .43 |  | 53-65 | 30-70| 15-55| 15-35|1.20-1.40| 0.2-0.6 |0.08-0.12| 0.0-2.9 | 0.0-0.5 | .37 |  | | | | | | | | | | | MhB: | | | | | | | | | | |  Monongahela---------| 0-8 | 15-30| 45-65| 10-27|1.20-1.40| 0.6-2 |0.18-0.24| 0.0-2.9 | 2.0-4.0 | .43 |  | 8-30 | 15-35| 35-60| 18-35|1.30-1.50| 0.6-2 |0.14-0.18| 0.0-2.9 | 0.0-0.5 | .43 |  | 30-51 | 20-55| 20-55| 18-35|1.30-1.60| 0.06-0.6 |0.08-0.12| 0.0-2.9 | 0.0-0.5 | .43 |  | 51-65 | 30-55| 20-55| 10-35|1.20-1.40| 0.2-0.6 |0.08-0.12| 0.0-2.9 | 0.0-0.5 | .37 |  | | | | | | | | | | | 
647

Table 18.--Physical Properties of the Soils--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | | | | | | |Erosion  | | | | | Moist | |Available| Linear | |_______ Map symbol | | | | | bulk |Permeability | water |extensi- | Organic | |  and soil name | Depth | Sand | Silt | Clay | density | (Ksat) |capacity | bility | matter | Kw | 

_____________________|_______|______|______|______|_________|_____________|_________|_________|_________|_____|_ | In | Pct | Pct | Pct | g/cc | In/hr | In/in | Pct | Pct | | 

 | | | | | | | | | | | MhC: | | | | | | | | | | |  Monongahela---------| 0-8 | 15-30| 45-65| 10-27|1.20-1.40| 0.6-2 |0.18-0.24| 0.0-2.9 | 2.0-4.0 | .43 |  | 8-28 | 15-35| 35-60| 18-35|1.30-1.50| 0.6-2 |0.14-0.18| 0.0-2.9 | 0.0-0.5 | .43 |  | 28-49 | 20-55| 20-55| 18-35|1.30-1.60| 0.06-0.6 |0.08-0.12| 0.0-2.9 | 0.0-0.5 | .43 |  | 49-65 | 30-55| 20-55| 10-35|1.20-1.40| 0.2-0.6 |0.08-0.12| 0.0-2.9 | 0.0-0.5 | .37 |  | | | | | | | | | | | MrC: | | | | | | | | | | |  Murrill-------------| 0-9 | 30-45| 30-50| 10-20|1.20-1.50| 0.6-2 |0.12-0.16| 0.0-2.9 | 2.0-10 | .28 |  | 9-55 | 30-55| 20-45| 18-35|1.40-1.70| 0.6-2 |0.10-0.14| 0.0-2.9 | 0.2-1.0 | .24 |  | 55-72 | 5-25| 35-60| 27-55|1.40-1.70| 0.2-2 |0.08-0.12| 3.0-5.9 | 0.1-0.5 | .28 |  | | | | | | | | | | | MrD: | | | | | | | | | | |  Murrill-------------| 0-9 | 30-45| 30-50| 10-20|1.20-1.50| 0.6-2 |0.12-0.16| 0.0-2.9 | 2.0-10 | .28 |  | 9-55 | 30-55| 20-45| 18-35|1.40-1.70| 0.6-2 |0.10-0.14| 0.0-2.9 | 0.2-1.0 | .24 |  | 55-72 | 5-25| 35-60| 27-55|1.40-1.70| 0.2-2 |0.08-0.12| 3.0-5.9 | 0.1-0.5 | .28 |  | | | | | | | | | | | MsC: | | | | | | | | | | |  Murrill-------------| 0-9 | 30-45| 30-50| 10-20|1.20-1.50| 0.6-2 |0.12-0.16| 0.0-2.9 | 4.0-14 | .28 |  | 9-43 | 30-55| 20-45| 18-35|1.40-1.70| 0.6-2 |0.10-0.14| 0.0-2.9 | 0.2-1.0 | .24 |  | 43-60 | 5-25| 35-60| 27-55|1.40-1.70| 0.2-2 |0.08-0.12| 3.0-5.9 | 0.1-0.5 | .28 |  | | | | | | | | | | | MsE: | | | | | | | | | | |  Murrill-------------| 0-9 | 30-45| 30-50| 10-20|1.20-1.50| 0.6-2 |0.12-0.16| 0.0-2.9 | 4.0-14 | .28 |  | 9-43 | 30-55| 20-45| 18-35|1.40-1.70| 0.6-2 |0.10-0.14| 0.0-2.9 | 0.2-1.0 | .24 |  | 43-60 | 5-25| 35-60| 27-55|1.40-1.70| 0.2-2 |0.08-0.12| 3.0-5.9 | 0.1-0.5 | .28 |  | | | | | | | | | | | Pg: | | | | | | | | | | |  Philo---------------| 0-9 | 30-52| 28-50| 10-18|1.20-1.40| 0.6-2 |0.14-0.20| 0.0-2.9 | 2.0-6.0 | .37 |  | 9-48 | 30-60| 25-60| 10-18|1.20-1.40| 0.6-2 |0.10-0.20| 0.0-2.9 | 0.2-1.5 | .32 |  | 48-65 | 30-90| 5-50| 5-18|1.20-1.40| 2-6 |0.06-0.10| 0.0-2.9 | 0.1-0.5 | .10 |  | | | | | | | | | | | Ph: | | | | | | | | | | |  Philo---------------| 0-10 | 20-50| 50-60| 10-18|1.20-1.40| 0.6-2 |0.14-0.20| 0.0-2.9 | 2.0-6.0 | .37 |  | 10-53 | 30-60| 25-60| 10-18|1.20-1.40| 0.6-2 |0.10-0.20| 0.0-2.9 | 0.2-1.5 | .32 |  | 53-65 | 30-90| 5-60| 5-18|1.20-1.40| 2-6 |0.06-0.10| 0.0-2.9 | 0.1-0.5 | .10 |  | | | | | | | | | | | Ps: | | | | | | | | | | |  Pope----------------| 0-10 | 55-70| 10-35| 5-15|1.20-1.40| 2-6 |0.10-0.16| 0.0-2.9 | 3.0-7.0 | .28 |  | 10-42 | 45-70| 10-35| 5-18|1.30-1.60| 0.6-6 |0.10-0.18| 0.0-2.9 | 0.3-2.0 | .28 |  | 42-65 | 55-85| 10-30| 5-20|1.30-1.60| 0.6-6 |0.10-0.18| 0.0-2.9 | 0.3-1.6 | .28 |  | | | | | | | | | | | Px: | | | | | | | | | | |  Pope----------------| 0-10 | 30-40| 45-55| 5-15|1.20-1.40| 0.6-2 |0.14-0.23| 0.0-2.9 | 3.0-7.0 | .37 |  | 10-51 | 30-60| 30-55| 5-18|1.30-1.60| 0.6-6 |0.10-0.18| 0.0-2.9 | 0.3-2.0 | .28 |  | 51-65 | 35-85| 15-45| 5-20|1.30-1.60| 0.6-6 |0.10-0.18| 0.0-2.9 | 0.3-1.6 | .28 |  | | | | | | | | | | | 
648

Table 18.--Physical Properties of the Soils--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | | | | | | |Erosion  | | | | | Moist | |Available| Linear | |_______ Map symbol | | | | | bulk |Permeability | water |extensi- | Organic | |  and soil name | Depth | Sand | Silt | Clay | density | (Ksat) |capacity | bility | matter | Kw | 

_____________________|_______|______|______|______|_________|_____________|_________|_________|_________|_____|_ | In | Pct | Pct | Pct | g/cc | In/hr | In/in | Pct | Pct | | 

 | | | | | | | | | | | Pz: | | | | | | | | | | |  Pope----------------| 0-10 | 50-75| 15-30| 5-15|1.20-1.40| 2-6 |0.10-0.16| 0.0-2.9 | 3.0-7.0 | .28 |  | 10-26 | 50-75| 15-30| 5-18|1.30-1.60| 0.6-6 |0.10-0.18| 0.0-2.9 | 0.3-2.0 | .28 |  | 26-65 | 65-90| 5-20| 0-15|1.20-1.40| 2-6 |0.06-0.10| 0.0-2.9 | 0.3-1.6 | .10 |  | | | | | | | | | | |  Philo---------------| 0-10 | 55-75| 10-30| 10-18|1.20-1.40| 0.6-2 |0.14-0.20| 0.0-2.9 | 2.0-6.0 | .37 |  | 10-21 | 40-75| 10-55| 10-18|1.20-1.40| 0.6-2 |0.10-0.20| 0.0-2.9 | 0.2-1.5 | .32 |  | 21-65 | 55-90| 5-40| 5-18|1.20-1.40| 2-6 |0.06-0.10| 0.0-2.9 | 0.1-0.5 | .10 |  | | | | | | | | | | | Qm: | | | | | | | | | | |  Quarry, limestone---| 0-60 | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |  | | | | | | | | | | | Qo: | | | | | | | | | | |  Quarry, sandstone---| 0-60 | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |  | | | | | | | | | | | Qs: | | | | | | | | | | |  Quarry, shale-------| 0-60 | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |  | | | | | | | | | | | ReG: | | | | | | | | | | |  Rock outcrop--------| 0-60 | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |  | | | | | | | | | | |  Opequon-------------| 0-2 | 5-20| 45-65| 27-45|1.20-1.50| 0.2-2 |0.16-0.21| 6.0-8.9 | 1.0-4.0 | .37 |  | 2-13 | 1-15| 30-65| 35-75|1.35-1.60| 0.2-2 |0.07-0.16| 6.0-8.9 | 0.0-0.5 | .32 |  | 13-16 | 1-15| 30-65| 35-75|1.35-1.60| 0.2-2 |0.07-0.16| 6.0-8.9 | 0.0-0.5 | .32 |  | 16-20 | --- | --- | --- | --- | 0.6-20 | --- | --- | 0.0-0.0 | --- |  | | | | | | | | | | | RgG: | | | | | | | | | | |  Rock outcrop--------| 0-60 | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |  | | | | | | | | | | |  Rough---------------| 0-2 | 15-35| 45-65| 10-25|1.20-1.40| 2-20 |0.04-0.10| 0.0-2.9 | 0.5-2.0 | .17 |  | 2-6 | 15-35| 40-65| 10-25|1.20-1.40| 2-20 |0.04-0.09| 0.0-2.9 | 0.0-1.0 | .10 |  | 6-10 | --- | --- | --- | --- | 0.06-20 | --- | --- | 0.0-0.0 | --- |  | | | | | | | | | | | RuD: | | | | | | | | | | |  Rushtown------------| 0-.5 | 0-0 | 0-0 | 0-0 |0.10-0.30| 6-20 |0.55-0.65| --- | 65-90 | --- |  | .5-6 | 10-30| 45-70| 12-25|1.20-1.40| 6-20 |0.10-0.17| 0.0-2.9 | 4.0-10 | .24 |  | 6-22 | 10-30| 45-70| 15-27|1.20-1.40| 6-20 |0.06-0.14| 0.0-2.9 | 0.2-1.0 | .24 |  | 22-65 | 10-30| 45-70| 15-27|1.20-1.40| 6-20 |0.03-0.12| 0.0-2.9 | 0.1-0.5 | .17 |  | | | | | | | | | | | RuF: | | | | | | | | | | |  Rushtown------------| 0-.5 | 0-0 | 0-0 | 0-0 |0.10-0.30| 6-20 |0.55-0.65| --- | 65-90 | --- |  | .5-6 | 10-30| 45-70| 12-25|1.20-1.40| 6-20 |0.10-0.17| 0.0-2.9 | 4.0-10 | .24 |  | 6-22 | 10-30| 45-70| 15-27|1.20-1.40| 6-20 |0.06-0.14| 0.0-2.9 | 0.2-1.0 | .24 |  | 22-65 | 10-30| 45-70| 15-27|1.20-1.40| 6-20 |0.03-0.12| 0.0-2.9 | 0.1-0.5 | .17 |  | | | | | | | | | | | 
649

Table 18.--Physical Properties of the Soils--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | | | | | | |Erosion  | | | | | Moist | |Available| Linear | |_______ Map symbol | | | | | bulk |Permeability | water |extensi- | Organic | |  and soil name | Depth | Sand | Silt | Clay | density | (Ksat) |capacity | bility | matter | Kw | 

_____________________|_______|______|______|______|_________|_____________|_________|_________|_________|_____|_ | In | Pct | Pct | Pct | g/cc | In/hr | In/in | Pct | Pct | | 

 | | | | | | | | | | | ShC: | | | | | | | | | | |  Schaffenaker--------| 0-.5 | 0-0 | 0-0 | 0-0 |0.10-0.30| 6-20 |0.55-0.65| --- | 65-90 | --- |  | .5-1 | 0-0 | 0-0 | 0-0 |0.15-0.30| 6-20 |0.45-0.55| --- | 60-85 | --- |  | 1-4 | 75-85| 5-20| 1-3 |1.20-1.30| 6-20 |0.04-0.09| 0.0-2.9 | 4.0-10 | .17 |  | 4-18 | 75-90| 5-20| 1-3 |1.30-1.40| 6-20 |0.04-0.09| 0.0-2.9 | 0.0-0.5 | .17 |  | 18-24 | 75-95| 3-20| 1-3 |1.40-1.50| 6-20 |0.04-0.09| 0.0-2.9 | 0.0-0.5 | .17 |  | 24-28 | --- | --- | --- | --- | 0.2-2 | --- | --- | 0.0-0.0 | --- |  | | | | | | | | | | | SkF: | | | | | | | | | | |  Schaffenaker--------| 0-.5 | 0-0 | 0-0 | 0-0 |0.10-0.30| 6-20 |0.55-0.65| --- | 65-90 | --- |  | .5-1 | 0-0 | 0-0 | 0-0 |0.15-0.30| 6-20 |0.45-0.55| --- | 60-85 | --- |  | 1-4 | 75-85| 5-20| 1-3 |1.20-1.30| 6-20 |0.04-0.09| 0.0-2.9 | 4.0-10 | .17 |  | 4-18 | 75-90| 5-20| 1-3 |1.30-1.40| 6-20 |0.04-0.09| 0.0-2.9 | 0.0-0.5 | .17 |  | 18-24 | 75-95| 3-20| 1-3 |1.40-1.50| 6-20 |0.04-0.09| 0.0-2.9 | 0.0-0.5 | .17 |  | 24-28 | --- | --- | --- | --- | 0.2-2 | --- | --- | 0.0-0.0 | --- |  | | | | | | | | | | |  Rock outcrop--------| 0-60 | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |  | | | | | | | | | | | SnE: | | | | | | | | | | |  Schaffenaker--------| 0-.5 | 0-0 | 0-0 | 0-0 |0.10-0.30| 6-20 |0.55-0.65| --- | 65-90 | --- |  | .5-1 | 0-0 | 0-0 | 0-0 |0.15-0.30| 6-20 |0.45-0.55| --- | 60-85 | --- |  | 1-4 | 75-85| 5-20| 1-3 |1.20-1.30| 6-20 |0.04-0.09| 0.0-2.9 | 4.0-10 | .17 |  | 4-18 | 75-90| 5-20| 1-3 |1.30-1.40| 6-20 |0.04-0.09| 0.0-2.9 | 0.0-0.5 | .17 |  | 18-24 | 75-95| 3-20| 1-3 |1.40-1.50| 6-20 |0.04-0.09| 0.0-2.9 | 0.0-0.5 | .17 |  | 24-28 | --- | --- | --- | --- | 0.2-2 | --- | --- | 0.0-0.0 | --- |  | | | | | | | | | | |  Vanderlip-----------| 0-2 | 0-0 | 0-0 | 0-0 |0.10-0.30| 6-20 |0.55-0.65| --- | 65-90 | --- |  | 2-6 | 75-85| 5-15| 2-12|1.20-1.40| 6-20 |0.08-0.12| 0.0-2.9 | 4.0-10 | .15 |  | 6-26 | 75-90| 2-15| 2-12|1.40-1.60| 6-20 |0.06-0.10| 0.0-2.9 | 0.0-0.5 | .15 |  | 26-50 | 75-95| 2-15| 2-12|1.40-1.60| 6-20 |0.06-0.10| 0.0-2.9 | 0.0-0.5 | .15 |  | 50-65 | 75-95| 2-15| 2-10|1.40-1.60| 6-20 |0.04-0.10| 0.0-2.9 | 0.0-0.5 | .15 |  | | | | | | | | | | | SnF: | | | | | | | | | | |  Schaffenaker--------| 0-.5 | 0-0 | 0-0 | 0-0 |0.10-0.30| 6-20 |0.55-0.65| --- | 65-90 | --- |  | .5-1 | 0-0 | 0-0 | 0-0 |0.15-0.30| 6-20 |0.45-0.55| --- | 60-85 | --- |  | 1-4 | 75-85| 5-20| 1-3 |1.20-1.30| 6-20 |0.04-0.09| 0.0-2.9 | 4.0-10 | .17 |  | 4-18 | 75-90| 5-20| 1-3 |1.30-1.40| 6-20 |0.04-0.09| 0.0-2.9 | 0.0-0.5 | .17 |  | 18-24 | 75-95| 3-20| 1-3 |1.40-1.50| 6-20 |0.04-0.09| 0.0-2.9 | 0.0-0.5 | .17 |  | 24-28 | --- | --- | --- | --- | 0.2-2 | --- | --- | 0.0-0.0 | --- |  | | | | | | | | | | |  Vanderlip-----------| 0-2 | 0-0 | 0-0 | 0-0 |0.10-0.30| 6-20 |0.55-0.65| --- | 65-90 | --- |  | 2-6 | 75-85| 5-15| 2-12|1.20-1.40| 6-20 |0.08-0.12| 0.0-2.9 | 4.0-10 | .15 |  | 6-26 | 75-90| 2-15| 2-12|1.40-1.60| 6-20 |0.06-0.10| 0.0-2.9 | 0.0-0.5 | .15 |  | 26-50 | 75-95| 2-15| 2-12|1.40-1.60| 6-20 |0.06-0.10| 0.0-2.9 | 0.0-0.5 | .15 |  | 50-65 | 75-95| 2-15| 2-10|1.40-1.60| 6-20 |0.04-0.10| 0.0-2.9 | 0.0-0.5 | .15 |  | | | | | | | | | | | 
650

Table 18.--Physical Properties of the Soils--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | | | | | | |Erosion  | | | | | Moist | |Available| Linear | |_______ Map symbol | | | | | bulk |Permeability | water |extensi- | Organic | |  and soil name | Depth | Sand | Silt | Clay | density | (Ksat) |capacity | bility | matter | Kw | 

_____________________|_______|______|______|______|_________|_____________|_________|_________|_________|_____|_ | In | Pct | Pct | Pct | g/cc | In/hr | In/in | Pct | Pct | | 

 | | | | | | | | | | | SxC: | | | | | | | | | | |  Sideling------------| 0-1 | 0-0 | 0-0 | 0-0 |0.10-0.30| 6-20 |0.55-0.65| --- | 65-90 | --- |  | 1-3 | 0-0 | 0-0 | 0-0 |0.15-0.30| 6-20 |0.45-0.55| --- | 60-85 | --- |  | 3-5 | 30-50| 30-50| 10-26|1.20-1.50| 2-6 |0.10-0.14| 0.0-2.9 | 4.0-12 | .20 |  | 5-35 | 20-45| 35-55| 10-35|1.40-1.60| 0.6-2 |0.10-0.14| 0.0-2.9 | 0.0-0.5 | .15 |  | 35-50 | 15-40| 25-50| 27-50|1.40-1.70| 0.06-0.2 |0.06-0.20| 6.0-8.9 | 0.0-0.0 | .15 |  | 50-62 | 15-40| 25-50| 27-50|1.40-1.70| 0.06-0.2 |0.06-0.20| 6.0-8.9 | 0.0-0.0 | .15 |  | | | | | | | | | | | SxE: | | | | | | | | | | |  Sideling------------| 0-1 | 0-0 | 0-0 | 0-0 |0.10-0.30| 6-20 |0.55-0.65| --- | 65-90 | --- |  | 1-3 | 0-0 | 0-0 | 0-0 |0.15-0.30| 6-20 |0.45-0.55| --- | 60-85 | --- |  | 3-5 | 30-50| 30-50| 10-26|1.20-1.50| 2-6 |0.10-0.14| 0.0-2.9 | 4.0-12 | .20 |  | 5-35 | 20-45| 35-55| 10-35|1.40-1.60| 0.6-2 |0.10-0.14| 0.0-2.9 | 0.0-0.5 | .15 |  | 35-50 | 15-40| 25-50| 27-50|1.40-1.70| 0.06-0.2 |0.06-0.20| 6.0-8.9 | 0.0-0.0 | .15 |  | 50-62 | 15-40| 25-50| 27-50|1.40-1.70| 0.06-0.2 |0.06-0.20| 6.0-8.9 | 0.0-0.0 | .15 |  | | | | | | | | | | | SyE: | | | | | | | | | | |  Sideling------------| 0-1 | 0-0 | 0-0 | 0-0 |0.10-0.30| 6-20 |0.55-0.65| --- | 65-90 | --- |  | 1-3 | 0-0 | 0-0 | 0-0 |0.15-0.30| 6-20 |0.45-0.55| --- | 60-85 | --- |  | 3-5 | 30-50| 30-50| 10-26|1.20-1.50| 2-6 |0.10-0.14| 0.0-2.9 | 4.0-12 | .20 |  | 5-35 | 20-45| 35-55| 10-35|1.40-1.60| 0.6-2 |0.10-0.14| 0.0-2.9 | 0.0-0.5 | .15 |  | 35-50 | 15-40| 25-50| 27-50|1.40-1.70| 0.06-0.2 |0.06-0.20| 6.0-8.9 | 0.0-0.0 | .15 |  | 50-62 | 15-40| 25-50| 27-50|1.40-1.70| 0.06-0.2 |0.06-0.20| 6.0-8.9 | 0.0-0.0 | .15 |  | | | | | | | | | | | Ta: | | | | | | | | | | |  Tioga---------------| 0-8 | 55-75| 15-30| 5-18|1.15-1.40| 0.6-6 |0.15-0.21| 0.0-2.9 | 2.0-6.0 | .37 |  | 8-36 | 45-75| 15-35| 5-18|1.15-1.45| 0.6-6 |0.07-0.20| 0.0-2.9 | 0.0-1.0 | .28 |  | 36-41 | 45-85| 5-35| 3-15|1.25-1.55| 0.6-20 |0.02-0.20| 0.0-2.9 | 0.0-1.0 | .28 |  | 41-45 | 45-85| 5-35| 3-15|1.25-1.55| 0.6-20 |0.02-0.20| 0.0-2.9 | 0.0-1.0 | .28 |  | 45-60 | 45-85| 5-35| 3-15|1.25-1.55| 0.6-20 |0.02-0.20| 0.0-2.9 | 0.0-1.0 | .28 |  | | | | | | | | | | | TyA: | | | | | | | | | | |  Tygart--------------| 0-9 | 10-30| 45-65| 15-27|1.20-1.40| 0.6-2 |0.18-0.22| 0.0-2.9 | 2.0-4.0 | .43 |  | 9-17 | 5-25| 40-60| 35-50|1.20-1.50| 0.06-0.2 |0.10-0.14| 3.0-5.9 | 0.2-0.5 | .32 |  | 17-32 | 5-25| 35-55| 35-50|1.20-1.50| 0.06-0.2 |0.10-0.14| 3.0-5.9 | 0.2-0.5 | .32 |  | 32-46 | 5-25| 35-55| 35-50|1.20-1.50| 0.06-0.2 |0.10-0.14| 3.0-5.9 | 0.2-0.5 | .32 |  | 46-60 | 5-25| 35-55| 30-50|1.30-1.60| 0.06-0.2 |0.10-0.14| 3.0-5.9 | 0.1-0.2 | .32 |  | | | | | | | | | | | Ua: | | | | | | | | | | |  Udorthents. | | | | | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | | | Uu: | | | | | | | | | | |  Urban land. | | | | | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | | |  Udorthents. | | | | | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | | | 
651

Table 18.--Physical Properties of the Soils--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | | | | | | |Erosion  | | | | | Moist | |Available| Linear | |_______ Map symbol | | | | | bulk |Permeability | water |extensi- | Organic | |  and soil name | Depth | Sand | Silt | Clay | density | (Ksat) |capacity | bility | matter | Kw | 

_____________________|_______|______|______|______|_________|_____________|_________|_________|_________|_____|_ | In | Pct | Pct | Pct | g/cc | In/hr | In/in | Pct | Pct | | 

 | | | | | | | | | | | WaB: | | | | | | | | | | |  Weikert-------------| 0-6 | 25-40| 50-60| 10-25|1.20-1.40| 2-6 |0.08-0.14| 0.0-2.9 | 1.0-4.0 | .28 |  | 6-11 | 25-45| 40-60| 10-25|1.20-1.40| 2-6 |0.06-0.11| 0.0-2.9 | 0.0-0.5 | .28 |  | 11-14 | 25-45| 40-60| 10-25|1.20-1.40| 2-6 |0.04-0.08| 0.0-2.9 | 0.0-0.5 | .28 |  | 14-18 | --- | --- | --- | --- | 0.06-20 | --- | --- | 0.0-0.0 | --- | WaC: | | | | | | | | | | |  Weikert-------------| 0-5 | 25-40| 50-60| 10-25|1.20-1.40| 2-6 |0.08-0.14| 0.0-2.9 | 1.0-4.0 | .28 |  | 5-10 | 25-45| 40-60| 10-25|1.20-1.40| 2-6 |0.06-0.11| 0.0-2.9 | 0.0-0.5 | .28 |  | 10-13 | 25-45| 40-60| 10-25|1.20-1.40| 2-6 |0.04-0.08| 0.0-2.9 | 0.0-0.5 | .28 |  | 13-17 | --- | --- | --- | --- | 0.06-20 | --- | --- | 0.0-0.0 | --- |  | | | | | | | | | | | WbC: | | | | | | | | | | |  Weikert-------------| 0-6 | 25-40| 50-60| 10-25|1.20-1.40| 2-6 |0.08-0.14| 0.0-2.9 | 1.0-4.0 | .28 |  | 6-14 | 25-45| 40-60| 10-25|1.20-1.40| 2-6 |0.06-0.11| 0.0-2.9 | 0.0-0.5 | .28 |  | 14-18 | 25-45| 40-60| 10-25|1.20-1.40| 2-6 |0.04-0.08| 0.0-2.9 | 0.0-0.5 | .28 |  | 18-22 | --- | --- | --- | --- | 0.06-20 | --- | --- | 0.0-0.0 | --- |  | | | | | | | | | | |  Berks---------------| 0-7 | 25-45| 50-60| 5-23|1.20-1.50| 0.6-6 |0.08-0.12| 0.0-2.9 | 2.0-4.0 | .17 |  | 7-12 | 25-45| 35-60| 5-32|1.20-1.60| 0.6-6 |0.04-0.10| 0.0-2.9 | 0.0-0.5 | .17 |  | 12-21 | 25-45| 35-60| 5-32|1.20-1.60| 0.6-6 |0.04-0.10| 0.0-2.9 | 0.0-0.5 | .17 |  | 21-25 | 25-45| 35-60| 5-20|1.20-1.60| 2-6 |0.04-0.10| 0.0-2.9 | 0.0-0.0 | .17 |  | 25-29 | --- | --- | --- | --- | 0.06-20 | --- | --- | 0.0-0.0 | --- |  | | | | | | | | | | | WbD: | | | | | | | | | | |  Weikert-------------| 0-4 | 25-40| 50-60| 10-25|1.20-1.40| 2-6 |0.08-0.14| 0.0-2.9 | 1.0-4.0 | .28 |  | 4-12 | 25-45| 40-60| 10-25|1.20-1.40| 2-6 |0.06-0.11| 0.0-2.9 | 0.0-0.5 | .28 |  | 12-16 | 25-45| 40-60| 10-25|1.20-1.40| 2-6 |0.04-0.08| 0.0-2.9 | 0.0-0.5 | .28 |  | 16-20 | --- | --- | --- | --- | 0.06-20 | --- | --- | 0.0-0.0 | --- |  | | | | | | | | | | |  Berks---------------| 0-5 | 25-45| 50-60| 5-23|1.20-1.50| 0.6-6 |0.08-0.12| 0.0-2.9 | 2.0-4.0 | .17 |  | 5-10 | 25-45| 35-60| 5-32|1.20-1.60| 0.6-6 |0.04-0.10| 0.0-2.9 | 0.0-0.5 | .17 |  | 10-19 | 25-45| 35-60| 5-32|1.20-1.60| 0.6-6 |0.04-0.10| 0.0-2.9 | 0.0-0.5 | .17 |  | 19-23 | 25-50| 35-55| 5-20|1.20-1.60| 2-6 |0.04-0.10| 0.0-2.9 | 0.0-0.0 | .17 |  | 23-27 | --- | --- | --- | --- | 0.06-20 | --- | --- | 0.0-0.0 | --- |  | | | | | | | | | | | WkF: | | | | | | | | | | |  Weikert-------------| 0-1 | 0-0 | 0-0 | 0-0 |0.10-0.30| 6-20 |0.55-0.65| --- | 65-90 | --- |  | 1-3 | 25-40| 50-60| 15-27|1.20-1.40| 2-6 |0.06-0.12| 0.0-2.9 | 1.0-4.0 | .28 |  | 3-14 | 25-45| 40-60| 10-25|1.20-1.40| 2-6 |0.04-0.08| 0.0-2.9 | 0.0-0.5 | .28 |  | 14-18 | --- | --- | --- | --- | 0.06-20 | --- | --- | 0.0-0.0 | --- |  | | | | | | | | | | |  Berks---------------| 0-1 | 0-0 | 0-0 | 0-0 |0.10-0.30| 6-20 |0.55-0.65| --- | 65-90 | --- |  | 1-3 | 25-45| 50-60| 5-23|1.20-1.50| 0.6-6 |0.04-0.10| 0.0-2.9 | 2.0-4.0 | .17 |  | 3-13 | 25-45| 35-60| 5-32|1.20-1.60| 0.6-6 |0.04-0.10| 0.0-2.9 | 0.0-0.5 | .17 |  | 13-25 | 25-45| 35-60| 5-32|1.20-1.60| 0.6-6 |0.04-0.10| 0.0-2.9 | 0.0-0.0 | .17 |  | 25-29 | --- | --- | --- | --- | 0.06-20 | --- | --- | 0.0-0.0 | --- | _____________________|_______|______|______|______|_________|_____________|_________|_________|_________|_____|_
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

652

Table 19.--Chemical Properties of the Soils

(Absence of an entry indicates that data were not estimated.)

_____________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 | | |Effective|

 Map symbol | Depth | Cation- | cation- | Soil

 and soil name | |exchange |exchange | reaction

 | |capacity |capacity |

______________________|_______|_________|_________|__________

 | In |meq/100 g|meq/100 g| pH

 | | | |

AgB: | | | |

 Allegheny------------| 0-8 | 6.0-16 | 3.8-12 | 5.0-7.3

 | 8-42 | 4.7-9.9 | 3.6-7.4 | 4.5-5.5

 | 42-65 | 2.5-9.9 | 2.0-7.4 | 4.5-5.5

 | | | |

AgC: | | | |

 Allegheny------------| 0-7 | 6.0-16 | 4.5-12 | 5.0-7.3

 | 7-41 | 4.7-9.9 | 3.5-7.4 | 4.5-5.5

 | 41-65 | 2.5-9.9 | 1.9-7.4 | 4.5-5.5

 | | | |

AnB: | | | |

 Andover--------------| 0-8 | 10-26 | 2.8-8.4 | 4.5-5.5

 | 8-19 | 6.0-18 | 3.6-7.4 | 4.5-5.5

 | 19-46 | 6.0-18 | 3.6-7.4 | 4.5-5.5

 | 46-65 | 6.0-18 | 3.6-8.4 | 4.5-5.5

 | | | |

Ba: | | | |

 Basher---------------| 0-8 | 3.8-16 | 2.8-12 | 5.0-7.3

 | 8-22 | 1.5-11 | 1.1-8.4 | 4.5-6.0

 | 22-46 | 1.5-6.3 | 1.1-4.7 | 4.5-6.5

 | 46-65 | 0.2-3.1 | 0.2-2.3 | 4.5-6.5

 | | | |

BbC: | | | |

 Berks----------------| 0-1 | 75-120 | 56-90 | 3.6-4.5

 | 1-4 | 10-33 | 7.7-25 | 3.6-5.5

 | 4-21 | 1.2-9.1 | 1.3-9.8 | 3.6-5.5

 | 21-24 | 1.2-6.2 | 1.2-6.2 | 3.6-5.5

 | 24-28 | --- | --- | ---

 | | | |

BbE: | | | |

 Berks----------------| 0-1 | 75-120 | 56-90 | 3.6-4.5

 | 1-4 | 10-33 | 7.7-25 | 3.6-5.5

 | 4-21 | 1.2-9.1 | 1.3-9.8 | 3.6-5.5

 | 21-24 | 1.2-6.1 | 1.2-6.2 | 3.6-5.5

 | 24-28 | --- | --- | ---

 | | | |

BcD: | | | |

 Berks----------------| 0-5 | 10-33 | 7.7-25 | 3.6-5.5

 | 5-19 | 1.2-9.1 | 1.3-9.8 | 3.6-5.5

 | 19-23 | 1.2-6.1 | 1.2-6.2 | 3.6-5.5

 | 23-27 | --- | --- | ---

 | | | |

 Calvin---------------| 0-3 | 8.0-18 | 6.0-13 | 4.5-6.0

 | 3-18 | 3.7-9.9 | 2.8-7.4 | 4.5-6.0

 | 18-26 | 3.5-9.9 | 2.6-7.4 | 4.5-6.0

 | 26-30 | --- | --- | ---

 | | | |

BcE: | | | |

 Berks----------------| 0-5 | 10-33 | 7.7-25 | 3.6-5.5

 | 5-19 | 1.2-9.1 | 1.3-9.8 | 3.6-5.5

 | 19-23 | 1.2-6.1 | 1.2-6.2 | 3.6-5.5

 | 23-27 | --- | --- | ---

 | | | |

 Calvin---------------| 0-3 | 8.0-18 | 6.0-13 | 4.5-6.0

 | 3-18 | 3.7-9.9 | 2.8-7.4 | 4.5-6.0

 | 18-26 | 3.5-9.9 | 2.6-7.4 | 4.5-6.0

 | 26-30 | --- | --- | ---

 | | | |
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

653

Table 19.--Chemical Properties of the Soils--Continued

_____________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 | | |Effective|

 Map symbol | Depth | Cation- | cation- | Soil

 and soil name | |exchange |exchange | reaction

 | |capacity |capacity |

______________________|_______|_________|_________|__________

 | In |meq/100 g|meq/100 g| pH

 | | | |

BcF: | | | |

 Berks----------------| 0-5 | 10-33 | 7.7-25 | 3.6-5.5

 | 5-19 | 1.2-9.1 | 1.3-9.8 | 3.6-5.5

 | 19-23 | 1.2-6.1 | 1.2-6.2 | 3.6-5.5

 | 23-27 | --- | --- | ---

 | | | |

 Calvin---------------| 0-3 | 8.0-18 | 6.0-13 | 4.5-6.0

 | 3-18 | 3.7-9.9 | 2.8-7.4 | 4.5-6.0

 | 18-26 | 3.5-9.9 | 2.6-7.4 | 4.5-6.0

 | 26-30 | --- | --- | ---

 | | | |

BeB: | | | |

 Berks----------------| 0-7 | 10-33 | 7.7-25 | 3.6-5.5

 | 7-21 | 1.2-9.1 | 1.3-9.8 | 3.6-5.5

 | 21-25 | 1.2-6.1 | 1.2-6.2 | 3.6-5.5

 | 25-29 | --- | --- | ---

 | | | |

 Clearbrook-----------| 0-8 | 5.5-14 | 4.1-10 | 4.5-6.5

 | 8-19 | 7.0-13 | 5.2-10 | 4.5-5.5

 | 19-22 | 8.8-19 | 6.6-14 | 4.5-5.5

 | 22-26 | --- | --- | ---

 | | | |

BeC: | | | |

 Berks----------------| 0-7 | 10-33 | 7.7-25 | 3.6-5.5

 | 7-21 | 1.2-9.1 | 1.3-9.8 | 3.6-5.5

 | 21-25 | 1.2-6.1 | 1.2-6.2 | 3.6-5.5

 | 25-29 | --- | --- | ---

 | | | |

 Clearbrook-----------| 0-8 | 5.0-14 | 4.1-10 | 4.5-6.5

 | 8-19 | 7.0-13 | 5.2-10 | 4.5-5.5

 | 19-22 | 8.8-19 | 6.6-14 | 4.5-5.5

 | 22-26 | --- | --- | ---

 | | | |

BkB: | | | |

 Berks----------------| 0-7 | 10-33 | 7.7-25 | 3.6-5.5

 | 7-21 | 1.2-9.1 | 1.3-9.8 | 3.6-5.5

 | 21-25 | 1.2-6.1 | 1.2-6.2 | 3.6-5.5

 | 25-29 | --- | --- | ---

 | | | |

 Weikert--------------| 0-6 | 5.8-18 | 4.3-13 | 3.5-5.5

 | 6-14 | 3.5-9.9 | 2.6-7.4 | 3.5-5.5

 | 14-18 | 3.5-9.9 | 2.6-7.4 | 3.5-5.5

 | 18-22 | --- | --- | ---

 | | | |

BqF: | | | |

 Blackthorn-----------| 0-1 | 80-125 | 60-94 | 3.5-4.5

 | 1-2 | 75-120 | 56-90 | 3.6-4.5

 | 2-7 | 9.5-34 | 7.1-36 | 4.5-6.0

 | 7-47 | 2.2-6.3 | 1.7-5.1 | 4.5-6.0

 | 47-65 | 7.0-16 | 5.2-12 | 4.5-5.5

 | | | |

BrB: | | | |

 Brinkerton-----------| 0-7 | 7.5-26 | 5.6-21 | 4.5-6.0

 | 7-21 | 5.2-20 | 3.9-16 | 4.5-6.0

 | 21-45 | 5.2-20 | 3.9-16 | 4.5-6.0

 | 45-60 | 5.2-16 | 3.9-7.4 | 5.1-6.5

 | | | |

BuB: | | | |

 Buchanan-------------| 0-8 | 13-32 | 10-24 | 4.5-5.5

 | 8-33 | 4.0-16 | 3.0-9.7 | 4.5-5.5

 | 33-65 | 4.0-16 | 3.0-9.7 | 4.5-5.5

 | | | |
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

654

Table 19.--Chemical Properties of the Soils--Continued

_____________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 | | |Effective|

 Map symbol | Depth | Cation- | cation- | Soil

 and soil name | |exchange |exchange | reaction

 | |capacity |capacity |

______________________|_______|_________|_________|__________

 | In |meq/100 g|meq/100 g| pH

 | | | |

BuC: | | | |

 Buchanan-------------| 0-8 | 13-32 | 10-24 | 4.5-5.5

 | 8-33 | 4.0-16 | 3.0-9.7 | 4.5-5.5

 | 33-65 | 4.0-16 | 3.0-9.7 | 4.5-5.5

 | | | |

BxC: | | | |

 Buchanan-------------| 0-3 | 80-125 | 60-94 | 3.5-4.5

 | 3-4 | 90-135 | 68-101 | 3.5-4.5

 | 4-5 | 13-32 | 10-24 | 3.5-5.5

 | 5-33 | 4.0-16 | 3.0-9.7 | 3.5-5.5

 | 33-65 | 4.0-16 | 3.0-9.7 | 3.5-5.5

 | | | |

BxE: | | | |

 Buchanan-------------| 0-2 | 80-125 | 60-94 | 3.5-4.5

 | 2-4 | 13-32 | 10-24 | 3.5-5.5

 | 4-30 | 4.0-16 | 3.0-9.7 | 3.5-5.5

 | 30-65 | 4.0-16 | 3.0-9.7 | 3.5-5.5

 | | | |

CbB: | | | |

 Calvin---------------| 0-3 | 8.0-18 | 6.0-13 | 4.5-6.0

 | 3-18 | 3.7-9.9 | 2.8-7.4 | 4.5-6.0

 | 18-26 | 3.5-9.9 | 2.6-7.4 | 4.5-6.0

 | 26-30 | --- | --- | ---

 | | | |

 Berks----------------| 0-5 | 10-33 | 7.7-25 | 3.6-5.5

 | 5-19 | 1.2-9.1 | 1.3-9.8 | 3.6-5.5

 | 19-23 | 1.2-6.1 | 1.2-6.2 | 3.6-5.5

 | 23-27 | --- | --- | ---

 | | | |

CbC: | | | |

 Calvin---------------| 0-3 | 8.0-18 | 6.0-13 | 4.5-6.0

 | 3-18 | 3.7-9.9 | 2.8-7.4 | 4.5-6.0

 | 18-26 | 3.5-9.9 | 2.6-7.4 | 4.5-6.0

 | 26-30 | --- | --- | ---

 | | | |

 Berks----------------| 0-5 | 10-33 | 7.7-25 | 3.6-5.5

 | 5-19 | 1.2-9.1 | 1.3-9.8 | 3.6-5.5

 | 19-23 | 1.2-6.1 | 1.2-6.2 | 3.6-5.5

 | 23-27 | --- | --- | ---

 | | | |

CkB: | | | |

 Calvin---------------| 0-3 | 8.0-18 | 6.0-13 | 4.5-6.0

 | 3-18 | 3.7-9.9 | 2.8-7.4 | 4.5-6.0

 | 18-26 | 3.5-9.9 | 2.6-7.4 | 4.5-6.0

 | 26-30 | --- | --- | ---

 | | | |

 Klinesville----------| 0-2 | 3.2-11 | 2.4-8.7 | 4.5-6.0

 | 2-14 | 2.7-7.5 | 2.0-6.2 | 4.5-6.0

 | 14-18 | 2.7-7.5 | 2.0-6.2 | 4.5-6.0

 | 18-22 | --- | --- | ---

 | | | |

CkC: | | | |

 Calvin---------------| 0-3 | 8.0-18 | 6.0-13 | 4.5-6.0

 | 3-18 | 3.7-9.9 | 2.8-7.4 | 4.5-6.0

 | 18-26 | 3.5-9.9 | 2.6-7.4 | 4.5-6.0

 | 26-30 | --- | --- | ---

 | | | |

 Klinesville----------| 0-2 | 3.2-11 | 2.4-8.7 | 4.5-6.0

 | 2-14 | 2.7-7.5 | 2.0-6.2 | 4.5-6.0

 | 14-18 | 2.7-7.5 | 2.0-6.2 | 4.5-6.0

 | 18-22 | --- | --- | ---

 | | | |
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

655

Table 19.--Chemical Properties of the Soils--Continued

_____________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 | | |Effective|

 Map symbol | Depth | Cation- | cation- | Soil

 and soil name | |exchange |exchange | reaction

 | |capacity |capacity |

______________________|_______|_________|_________|__________

 | In |meq/100 g|meq/100 g| pH

 | | | |

CkD: | | | |

 Calvin---------------| 0-3 | 8.0-18 | 6.0-13 | 4.5-6.0

 | 3-18 | 3.7-9.9 | 2.8-7.4 | 4.5-6.0

 | 18-26 | 3.5-9.9 | 2.6-7.4 | 4.5-6.0

 | 26-30 | --- | --- | ---

 | | | |

 Klinesville----------| 0-2 | 3.2-11 | 2.4-8.7 | 4.5-6.0

 | 2-14 | 2.7-7.5 | 2.0-6.2 | 4.5-6.0

 | 14-18 | 2.7-7.5 | 2.0-6.2 | 4.5-6.0

 | 18-22 | --- | --- | ---

 | | | |

CkE: | | | |

 Calvin---------------| 0-3 | 8.0-18 | 6.0-18 | 4.5-6.0

 | 3-18 | 3.7-9.9 | 2.8-9.9 | 4.5-6.0

 | 18-26 | 3.5-9.9 | 2.6-9.9 | 4.5-6.0

 | 26-30 | --- | --- | ---

 | | | |

 Klinesville----------| 0-2 | 3.2-11 | 2.4-8.7 | 4.5-6.0

 | 2-14 | 2.7-7.5 | 2.0-6.2 | 4.5-6.0

 | 14-18 | 2.7-7.5 | 2.0-6.2 | 4.5-6.0

 | 18-22 | --- | --- | ---

 | | | |

CkF: | | | |

 Calvin---------------| 0-3 | 8.0-18 | 6.0-13 | 4.5-6.0

 | 3-18 | 3.7-9.9 | 2.8-7.4 | 4.5-6.0

 | 18-26 | 3.5-9.9 | 2.6-7.4 | 4.5-6.0

 | 26-30 | --- | --- | ---

 | | | |

 Klinesville----------| 0-2 | 3.2-11 | 2.4-8.7 | 4.5-6.0

 | 2-14 | 2.7-7.5 | 2.0-6.2 | 4.5-6.0

 | 14-18 | 2.7-7.5 | 2.0-6.2 | 4.5-6.0

 | 18-22 | --- | --- | ---

 | | | |

ClC: | | | |

 Caneyville-----------| 0-4 | 15-20 | 11-15 | 5.1-7.3

 | 4-12 | 15-25 | 11-19 | 5.1-7.3

 | 12-24 | 18-30 | 14-22 | 5.6-7.8

 | 24-28 | --- | --- | ---

 | | | |

ClD: | | | |

 Caneyville-----------| 0-4 | 15-20 | 11-15 | 5.1-7.3

 | 4-12 | 15-25 | 11-19 | 5.1-7.3

 | 12-24 | 18-30 | 14-22 | 5.6-7.8

 | 24-28 | --- | --- | ---

 | | | |

ClE: | | | |

 Caneyville-----------| 0-4 | 15-20 | 11-15 | 5.1-7.3

 | 4-12 | 15-25 | 11-19 | 5.1-7.3

 | 12-24 | 18-30 | 14-22 | 5.6-7.8

 | 24-28 | --- | --- | ---

 | | | |

CnF: | | | |

 Caneyville-----------| 0-4 | 15-20 | 11-15 | 5.1-7.3

 | 4-24 | 18-30 | 14-22 | 5.6-7.8

 | 24-28 | --- | --- | ---

 | | | |

CrB: | | | |

 Clarksburg-----------| 0-12 | 15-23 | 11-19 | 5.1-6.5

 | 12-29 | 15-20 | 13-17 | 5.1-6.5

 | 29-60 | 7.9-13 | 5.9-10 | 5.1-6.5

 | | | |
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

656

Table 19.--Chemical Properties of the Soils--Continued

_____________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 | | |Effective|

 Map symbol | Depth | Cation- | cation- | Soil

 and soil name | |exchange |exchange | reaction

 | |capacity |capacity |

______________________|_______|_________|_________|__________

 | In |meq/100 g|meq/100 g| pH

 | | | |

CrC: | | | |

 Clarksburg-----------| 0-12 | 15-23 | 11-19 | 5.1-6.5

 | 12-29 | 15-20 | 13-17 | 5.1-6.5

 | 29-60 | 7.9-13 | 5.9-10 | 5.1-6.5

 | | | |

CvB: | | | |

 Clearbrook-----------| 0-8 | 5.5-14 | 4.1-10 | 4.5-6.5

 | 8-19 | 11-19 | 9.2-15 | 4.5-5.5

 | 19-22 | 15-25 | 13-20 | 4.5-5.5

 | 22-26 | --- | --- | ---

 | | | |

 Cavode---------------| 0-12 | 9.8-21 | 7.3-16 | 4.5-5.5

 | 12-51 | 18-22 | 14-18 | 4.5-5.5

 | 51-62 | 9.0-17 | 6.7-13 | 4.5-5.5

 | 62-66 | --- | --- | ---

 | | | |

Cz: | | | |

 Combs----------------| 0-20 | 5.0-10 | 3.8-7.5 | 5.6-7.3

 | 20-53 | 3.0-12 | 1.8-6.0 | 5.6-7.3

 | 53-65 | 3.0-12 | 1.8-6.0 | 5.6-7.3

 | | | |

DkC: | | | |

 Dekalb---------------| 0-1 | 75-120 | 56-90 | 3.5-4.5

 | 1-4 | 12-32 | 8.6-24 | 3.5-4.5

 | 4-15 | 1.8-6.9 | 1.3-5.2 | 3.5-5.5

 | 15-24 | 1.2-5.9 | 0.9-4.7 | 3.5-5.5

 | 24-28 | --- | --- | ---

 | | | |

DrE: | | | |

 Dekalb---------------| 0-1 | 75-120 | 56-90 | 3.5-4.5

 | 1-3 | 12-32 | 8.6-24 | 3.5-4.5

 | 3-24 | 1.8-6.9 | 1.3-5.2 | 3.5-5.5

 | 24-34 | 1.2-5.9 | 0.9-4.7 | 3.5-5.5

 | 34-38 | --- | --- | ---

 | | | |

 Rock outcrop---------| 0-60 | --- | --- | ---

 | | | |

DsB: | | | |

 Downsville-----------| 0-10 | 5.2-14 | 3.9-10 | 5.0-7.3

 | 10-18 | 3.0-5.6 | 2.2-4.2 | 4.5-5.5

 | 18-30 | 8.5-15 | 7.3-12 | 4.5-5.5

 | 30-99 | 8.2-14 | 7.1-11 | 4.5-5.5

 | | | |

DsC: | | | |

 Downsville-----------| 0-7 | 5.2-14 | 3.9-10 | 5.0-7.3

 | 7-15 | 3.0-5.6 | 2.2-4.2 | 4.5-5.5

 | 15-27 | 8.5-15 | 7.3-12 | 4.5-5.5

 | 27-99 | 8.2-14 | 7.1-11 | 4.5-5.5

 | | | |

Dz: | | | |

 Dunning--------------| 0-12 | 14-36 | --- | 5.6-7.8

 | 12-46 | 15-24 | --- | 5.6-7.8

 | 46-65 | 7.7-24 | --- | 5.6-7.8

 | | | |

ErB: | | | |

 Ernest---------------| 0-7 | 18-25 | 4.5-7.0 | 4.5-6.0

 | 7-27 | 14-25 | 4.0-7.4 | 4.5-5.5

 | 27-43 | 12-22 | 3.6-6.4 | 4.5-5.5

 | 43-65 | 12-22 | 4.0-7.4 | 4.5-5.5

 | | | |
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

657

Table 19.--Chemical Properties of the Soils--Continued

_____________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 | | |Effective|

 Map symbol | Depth | Cation- | cation- | Soil

 and soil name | |exchange |exchange | reaction

 | |capacity |capacity |

______________________|_______|_________|_________|__________

 | In |meq/100 g|meq/100 g| pH

 | | | |

ErC: | | | |

 Ernest---------------| 0-6 | 18-25 | 4.5-7.0 | 4.5-6.0

 | 6-26 | 14-25 | 4.0-7.4 | 4.5-5.5

 | 26-42 | 12-22 | 3.6-6.4 | 4.5-5.5

 | 42-65 | 12-22 | 4.0-7.4 | 4.5-5.5

 | | | |

HaE: | | | |

 Hazleton-------------| 0-1 | 80-125 | 60-94 | 3.5-4.5

 | 1-2 | 90-135 | 68-101 | 3.5-4.5

 | 2-5 | 11-32 | 8.1-24 | 3.5-5.5

 | 5-49 | 1.8-6.9 | 1.3-5.2 | 3.5-5.5

 | 49-65 | 1.2-6.6 | 0.9-5.4 | 3.5-5.5

 | | | |

 Dekalb---------------| 0-1 | 75-120 | 56-90 | 3.5-4.5

 | 1-4 | 12-32 | 8.6-24 | 3.5-4.5

 | 4-15 | 1.8-6.9 | 1.3-5.2 | 3.5-5.5

 | 15-24 | 1.2-5.9 | 0.9-4.7 | 3.5-5.5

 | 24-28 | --- | --- | ---

 | | | |

HaF: | | | |

 Hazleton-------------| 0-1 | 80-125 | 60-94 | 3.5-4.5

 | 1-2 | 90-135 | 68-101 | 3.5-4.5

 | 2-5 | 11-32 | 8.1-24 | 3.5-5.5

 | 5-49 | 1.8-6.9 | 1.3-5.2 | 3.5-5.5

 | 49-65 | 1.2-6.6 | 0.9-5.4 | 3.5-5.5

 | | | |

 Dekalb---------------| 0-1 | 75-120 | 56-90 | 3.5-4.5

 | 1-4 | 12-32 | 8.6-24 | 3.5-4.5

 | 4-15 | 1.8-6.9 | 1.3-5.2 | 3.5-5.5

 | 15-24 | 1.2-5.9 | 0.9-4.7 | 3.5-5.5

 | 24-28 | --- | --- | ---

 | | | |

HdF: | | | |

 Hazleton-------------| 0-1 | 80-125 | 60-94 | 3.5-4.5

 | 1-2 | 90-135 | 68-101 | 3.5-4.5

 | 2-5 | 11-32 | 8.1-24 | 3.5-5.5

 | 5-49 | 1.8-6.9 | 1.3-5.2 | 3.5-5.5

 | 49-65 | 1.2-6.6 | 0.9-5.4 | 3.5-5.5

 | | | |

 Dekalb---------------| 0-1 | 75-120 | 56-90 | 3.5-4.5

 | 1-4 | 12-32 | 8.6-24 | 3.5-4.5

 | 4-15 | 1.8-6.9 | 1.3-5.2 | 3.5-5.5

 | 15-24 | 1.2-5.9 | 0.9-4.7 | 3.5-5.5

 | 24-28 | --- | --- | ---

 | | | |

 Rock outcrop---------| 0-60 | --- | --- | ---

 | | | |

HeF: | | | |

 Hazleton-------------| 0-1 | 80-125 | 60-94 | 3.5-4.5

 | 1-2 | 90-135 | 68-101 | 3.5-4.5

 | 2-5 | 11-32 | 8.1-24 | 3.5-5.5

 | 5-49 | 1.8-6.9 | 1.3-5.2 | 3.5-5.5

 | 49-65 | 1.2-6.6 | 0.9-5.4 | 3.5-5.5

 | | | |

 Dekalb---------------| 0-1 | 75-120 | 56-90 | 3.5-4.5

 | 1-4 | 12-32 | 8.6-24 | 3.5-4.5

 | 4-15 | 1.8-6.9 | 1.3-5.2 | 3.5-5.5

 | 15-24 | 1.2-5.9 | 0.9-4.7 | 3.5-5.5

 | 24-28 | --- | --- | ---

 | | | |

 Rock outcrop---------| 0-60 | --- | --- | ---

 | | | |
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

658

Table 19.--Chemical Properties of the Soils--Continued

_____________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 | | |Effective|

 Map symbol | Depth | Cation- | cation- | Soil

 and soil name | |exchange |exchange | reaction

 | |capacity |capacity |

______________________|_______|_________|_________|__________

 | In |meq/100 g|meq/100 g| pH

 | | | |

HlF: | | | |

 Hazleton-------------| 0-1 | 80-125 | 60-94 | 3.5-4.5

 | 1-2 | 90-135 | 68-101 | 3.5-4.5

 | 2-5 | 11-32 | 8.1-24 | 3.5-5.5

 | 5-49 | 1.8-6.9 | 1.3-5.2 | 3.5-5.5

 | 49-65 | 1.2-6.6 | 0.9-5.4 | 3.5-5.5

 | | | |

 Lehew----------------| 0-.5 | 80-125 | 60-94 | 3.5-4.5

 | .5-6 | 10-31 | 7.5-23 | 4.0-5.5

 | 6-29 | 1.7-5.6 | 1.3-4.2 | 4.5-5.5

 | 29-35 | 1.5-5.2 | 1.1-3.9 | 4.5-5.5

 | 35-39 | --- | --- | ---

 | | | |

 Dekalb---------------| 0-1 | 75-120 | 56-90 | 3.5-4.5

 | 1-4 | 12-32 | 8.6-24 | 3.5-4.5

 | 4-15 | 1.8-6.9 | 1.3-5.2 | 3.5-5.5

 | 15-24 | 1.2-5.9 | 0.9-4.7 | 3.5-5.5

 | 24-28 | --- | --- | ---

 | | | |

Ho: | | | |

 Holly----------------| 0-3 | 9.8-21 | --- | 5.6-7.3

 | 3-24 | 6.3-12 | --- | 5.1-7.3

 | 24-39 | 3.5-11 | --- | 5.1-7.3

 | 39-65 | 2.1-11 | --- | 5.6-7.8

 | | | |

HwB: | | | |

 Hustontown-----------| 0-8 | 15-45 | --- | 5.1-6.5

 | 8-12 | 15-40 | 11-30 | 4.5-6.0

 | 12-20 | 5.8-21 | 4.4-16 | 4.5-6.0

 | 20-30 | 5.8-21 | 4.4-16 | 4.5-6.0

 | 30-65 | 8.8-19 | 6.6-16 | 5.0-6.5

 | | | |

Ln: | | | |

 Lindside-------------| 0-7 | 9.8-23 | 7.3-17 | 5.1-7.8

 | 7-48 | 6.8-16 | 5.1-12 | 5.1-7.8

 | 48-60 | 6.5-13 | 4.9-9.7 | 5.6-7.8

 | | | |

LzC: | | | |

 Litz-----------------| 0-.5 | 90-135 | 68-101 | 3.5-4.5

 | .5-4 | 7.0-25 | 5.2-19 | 4.5-6.0

 | 4-27 | 5.5-13 | 4.9-10 | 4.5-6.0

 | 27-31 | 8.7-14 | 7.4-11 | 4.5-6.0

 | 31-35 | --- | --- | ---

 | | | |

LzD: | | | |

 Litz-----------------| 0-.5 | 90-135 | 68-101 | 3.5-4.5

 | .5-4 | 7.0-25 | 5.2-19 | 4.5-6.0

 | 4-27 | 5.5-13 | 4.9-10 | 4.5-6.0

 | 27-31 | 8.7-14 | 7.4-11 | 4.5-6.0

 | 31-35 | --- | --- | ---

 | | | |

LzE: | | | |

 Litz-----------------| 0-.5 | 90-135 | 68-101 | 3.5-4.5

 | .5-4 | 7.0-25 | 5.2-19 | 4.5-6.0

 | 4-27 | 5.5-13 | 4.9-10 | 4.5-6.0

 | 27-31 | 8.7-14 | 7.4-11 | 4.5-6.0

 | 31-35 | --- | --- | ---

 | | | |
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

659

Table 19.--Chemical Properties of the Soils--Continued

_____________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 | | |Effective|

 Map symbol | Depth | Cation- | cation- | Soil

 and soil name | |exchange |exchange | reaction

 | |capacity |capacity |

______________________|_______|_________|_________|__________

 | In |meq/100 g|meq/100 g| pH

 | | | |

LzF: | | | |

 Litz-----------------| 0-.5 | 90-135 | 68-101 | 3.5-4.5

 | .5-4 | 7.0-25 | 5.2-19 | 4.5-6.0

 | 4-27 | 5.5-13 | 4.9-10 | 4.5-6.0

 | 27-31 | 8.7-14 | 7.4-11 | 4.5-6.0

 | 31-35 | --- | --- | ---

 | | | |

Me: | | | |

 Melvin---------------| 0-10 | 10-24 | --- | 5.6-7.8

 | 10-36 | 8.0-22 | --- | 5.6-7.8

 | 36-68 | 8.0-22 | --- | 5.6-7.8

 | 68-72 | --- | --- | ---

 | | | |

MhA: | | | |

 Monongahela----------| 0-10 | 8.0-18 | 6.0-14 | 5.0-7.3

 | 10-27 | 6.3-13 | 4.7-10 | 4.5-5.5

 | 27-53 | 6.3-13 | 4.7-10 | 4.5-5.5

 | 53-65 | 5.2-13 | 3.9-10 | 4.5-5.5

 | | | |

MhB: | | | |

 Monongahela----------| 0-8 | 8.0-18 | 6.0-14 | 5.0-7.3

 | 8-30 | 6.3-13 | 4.7-10 | 4.5-5.5

 | 30-51 | 6.3-13 | 4.7-10 | 4.5-5.5

 | 51-65 | 5.2-13 | 3.9-10 | 4.5-5.5

 | | | |

MhC: | | | |

 Monongahela----------| 0-8 | 8.0-18 | 6.0-14 | 5.0-7.3

 | 8-28 | 6.3-13 | 4.7-10 | 4.5-5.5

 | 28-49 | 6.3-13 | 4.7-10 | 4.5-5.5

 | 49-65 | 5.2-13 | 3.9-10 | 4.5-5.5

 | | | |

MrC: | | | |

 Murrill--------------| 0-9 | 8.0-30 | 6.0-22 | 4.5-6.0

 | 9-55 | 6.8-14 | 5.1-11 | 4.5-6.0

 | 55-72 | 9.7-20 | 7.3-15 | 4.5-6.0

 | | | |

MrD: | | | |

 Murrill--------------| 0-9 | 8.0-30 | 6.0-22 | 4.5-6.0

 | 9-55 | 6.8-14 | 5.1-11 | 4.5-6.0

 | 55-72 | 9.7-20 | 7.3-15 | 4.5-6.0

 | | | |

MsC: | | | |

 Murrill--------------| 0-9 | 12-38 | 9.4-29 | 4.5-6.0

 | 9-43 | 6.8-14 | 5.1-11 | 4.5-6.0

 | 43-60 | 9.7-20 | 7.3-15 | 4.5-6.0

 | | | |

MsE: | | | |

 Murrill--------------| 0-9 | 12-38 | 9.4-29 | 4.5-6.0

 | 9-43 | 6.8-14 | 5.1-11 | 4.5-6.0

 | 43-60 | 9.7-20 | 7.3-15 | 4.5-6.0

 | | | |

Pg: | | | |

 Philo----------------| 0-9 | 7.0-18 | 5.2-14 | 4.5-7.3

 | 9-48 | 3.0-7.9 | 2.2-5.9 | 4.5-6.0

 | 48-65 | 1.5-5.6 | 1.1-4.2 | 4.5-6.0

 | | | |

Ph: | | | |

 Philo----------------| 0-10 | 7.0-18 | 5.2-14 | 4.5-7.3

 | 10-53 | 3.0-7.9 | 2.2-5.9 | 4.5-6.0

 | 53-65 | 1.5-5.6 | 1.1-4.2 | 4.5-6.0

 | | | |
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

660

Table 19.--Chemical Properties of the Soils--Continued

_____________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 | | |Effective|

 Map symbol | Depth | Cation- | cation- | Soil

 and soil name | |exchange |exchange | reaction

 | |capacity |capacity |

______________________|_______|_________|_________|__________

 | In |meq/100 g|meq/100 g| pH

 | | | |

Ps: | | | |

 Pope-----------------| 0-10 | 8.0-20 | 6.0-15 | 4.5-7.3

 | 10-42 | 1.9-9.0 | 1.4-6.8 | 4.5-5.5

 | 42-65 | 1.9-8.6 | 1.4-6.5 | 4.5-5.5

 | | | |

Px: | | | |

 Pope-----------------| 0-10 | 8.0-20 | 6.0-15 | 4.5-7.3

 | 10-51 | 1.9-9.0 | 1.4-6.8 | 4.5-5.5

 | 51-65 | 1.9-8.6 | 1.4-6.5 | 4.5-5.5

 | | | |

Pz: | | | |

 Pope-----------------| 0-10 | 8.0-20 | 6.0-15 | 4.0-5.5

 | 10-26 | 1.9-9.0 | 1.4-6.8 | 4.0-5.5

 | 26-65 | 0.7-7.4 | 0.5-5.5 | 4.5-6.0

 | | | |

 Philo----------------| 0-10 | 7.0-18 | 5.2-14 | 4.0-6.0

 | 10-21 | 3.0-7.9 | 2.2-5.9 | 4.0-6.0

 | 21-65 | 1.5-5.6 | 1.1-4.2 | 4.5-6.0

 | | | |

Qm: | | | |

 Quarry, limestone----| 0-60 | --- | --- | ---

 | | | |

Qo: | | | |

 Quarry, sandstone----| 0-60 | --- | --- | ---

 | | | |

Qs: | | | |

 Quarry, shale--------| 0-60 | --- | --- | ---

 | | | |

ReG: | | | |

 Rock outcrop---------| 0-60 | --- | --- | ---

 | | | |

 Opequon--------------| 0-2 | 14-22 | --- | 5.1-7.8

 | 2-13 | 14-26 | --- | 5.1-7.8

 | 13-16 | 14-26 | --- | 5.1-7.8

 | 16-20 | --- | --- | ---

 | | | |

RgG: | | | |

 Rock outcrop---------| 0-60 | --- | --- | ---

 | | | |

 Rough----------------| 0-2 | 4.6-13 | 3.5-9.9 | 3.5-5.5

 | 2-6 | 3.5-11 | 2.6-8.2 | 3.5-5.5

 | 6-10 | --- | --- | ---

 | | | |

RuD: | | | |

 Rushtown-------------| 0-.5 | 80-125 | 60-94 | 3.5-4.5

 | .5-6 | 13-31 | 9.9-23 | 4.5-6.0

 | 6-22 | 5.8-12 | 4.4-8.8 | 4.5-5.5

 | 22-65 | 5.5-11 | 4.1-7.9 | 4.5-6.0

 | | | |

RuF: | | | |

 Rushtown-------------| 0-.5 | 80-125 | 60-94 | 3.5-4.5

 | .5-6 | 13-31 | 9.9-23 | 4.5-6.0

 | 6-22 | 5.8-12 | 4.4-8.8 | 4.5-5.5

 | 22-65 | 5.5-11 | 4.1-7.9 | 4.5-6.0

 | | | |

ShC: | | | |

 Schaffenaker---------| 0-.5 | 80-125 | 60-94 | 3.5-4.5

 | .5-1 | 90-135 | 68-101 | 3.5-4.5

 | 1-4 | 9.2-23 | 6.9-17 | 3.5-5.5

 | 4-18 | 0.2-1.9 | 0.2-1.4 | 3.5-5.5

 | 18-24 | 0.2-1.9 | 0.2-1.4 | 3.5-5.5

 | 24-28 | --- | --- | ---

 | | | |
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

661

Table 19.--Chemical Properties of the Soils--Continued

_____________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 | | |Effective|

 Map symbol | Depth | Cation- | cation- | Soil

 and soil name | |exchange |exchange | reaction

 | |capacity |capacity |

______________________|_______|_________|_________|__________

 | In |meq/100 g|meq/100 g| pH

 | | | |

SkF: | | | |

 Schaffenaker---------| 0-.5 | 80-125 | 60-94 | 3.5-4.5

 | .5-1 | 90-135 | 68-101 | 3.5-4.5

 | 1-4 | 9.2-23 | 6.9-17 | 3.5-5.5

 | 4-18 | 0.2-1.9 | 0.2-1.4 | 3.5-5.5

 | 18-24 | 0.2-1.9 | 0.2-1.4 | 3.5-5.5

 | 24-28 | --- | --- | ---

 | | | |

 Rock outcrop---------| 0-60 | --- | --- | ---

 | | | |

SnE: | | | |

 Schaffenaker---------| 0-.5 | 80-125 | 60-94 | 3.5-4.5

 | .5-1 | 90-135 | 68-101 | 3.5-4.5

 | 1-4 | 9.2-23 | 6.9-17 | 3.5-5.5

 | 4-18 | 0.2-1.9 | 0.2-1.4 | 3.5-5.5

 | 18-24 | 0.2-1.9 | 0.2-1.4 | 3.5-5.5

 | 24-28 | --- | --- | ---

 | | | |

 Vanderlip------------| 0-2 | 80-125 | 60-94 | 3.5-4.5

 | 2-6 | 9.5-26 | 7.1-19 | 4.5-6.0

 | 6-26 | 0.5-4.1 | 0.4-3.1 | 4.5-6.0

 | 26-50 | 0.5-4.1 | 0.4-3.1 | 4.5-6.0

 | 50-65 | 0.5-3.6 | 0.4-2.7 | 4.5-6.0

 | | | |

SnF: | | | |

 Schaffenaker---------| 0-.5 | 80-125 | 60-94 | 3.5-4.5

 | .5-1 | 90-135 | 68-101 | 3.5-4.5

 | 1-4 | 9.2-23 | 6.9-17 | 3.5-5.5

 | 4-18 | 0.2-1.9 | 0.2-1.4 | 3.5-5.5

 | 18-24 | 0.2-1.9 | 0.2-1.4 | 3.5-5.5

 | 24-28 | --- | --- | ---

 | | | |

 Vanderlip------------| 0-2 | 80-125 | 60-94 | 3.5-4.5

 | 2-6 | 9.5-26 | 7.1-19 | 4.5-6.0

 | 6-26 | 0.5-4.1 | 0.4-3.1 | 4.5-6.0

 | 26-50 | 0.5-4.1 | 0.4-3.1 | 4.5-6.0

 | 50-65 | 0.5-3.6 | 0.4-2.7 | 4.5-6.0

 | | | |

SxC: | | | |

 Sideling-------------| 0-1 | 80-125 | 60-94 | 3.5-4.5

 | 1-3 | 90-135 | 68-101 | 3.5-4.5

 | 3-5 | 12-36 | 9.4-27 | 3.5-5.5

 | 5-35 | 3.5-13 | 2.6-10 | 3.5-5.5

 | 35-50 | 9.4-18 | 7.1-13 | 3.5-5.5

 | 50-62 | 9.4-18 | 7.1-13 | 3.5-5.5

 | | | |

SxE: | | | |

 Sideling-------------| 0-1 | 80-125 | 60-94 | 3.5-4.5

 | 1-3 | 90-135 | 68-101 | 3.5-4.5

 | 3-5 | 12-36 | 9.4-27 | 3.5-5.5

 | 5-35 | 3.5-13 | 2.6-10 | 3.5-5.5

 | 35-50 | 9.4-18 | 7.1-13 | 3.5-5.5

 | 50-62 | 9.4-18 | 7.1-13 | 3.5-5.5

 | | | |

SyE: | | | |

 Sideling-------------| 0-1 | 80-125 | 60-94 | 3.5-4.5

 | 1-3 | 90-135 | 68-101 | 3.5-4.5

 | 3-5 | 12-36 | 9.4-27 | 3.5-5.5

 | 5-35 | 3.5-13 | 2.6-10 | 3.5-5.5

 | 35-50 | 9.4-18 | 7.1-13 | 3.5-5.5

 | 50-62 | 9.4-18 | 7.1-13 | 3.5-5.5

 | | | |
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

662

Table 19.--Chemical Properties of the Soils--Continued

_____________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 | | |Effective|

 Map symbol | Depth | Cation- | cation- | Soil

 and soil name | |exchange |exchange | reaction

 | |capacity |capacity |

______________________|_______|_________|_________|__________

 | In |meq/100 g|meq/100 g| pH

 | | | |

Ta: | | | |

 Tioga----------------| 0-8 | 6.2-20 | 4.7-15 | 5.1-7.3

 | 8-36 | 1.8-8.6 | 1.3-6.4 | 5.1-7.3

 | 36-41 | 1.1-7.5 | 0.8-5.6 | 5.6-7.8

 | 41-45 | 1.1-7.5 | 0.8-5.6 | 5.6-7.8

 | 45-60 | 1.1-7.5 | 0.8-5.6 | 5.6-7.8

 | | | |

TyA: | | | |

 Tygart---------------| 0-9 | 8.2-16 | 6.2-12 | 4.5-7.3

 | 9-17 | 9.3-14 | 7.0-10 | 3.6-5.5

 | 17-32 | 9.3-14 | 7.0-10 | 3.6-5.5

 | 32-46 | 9.3-14 | 7.0-10 | 3.6-5.5

 | 46-60 | 7.7-13 | 5.8-9.8 | 3.6-5.5

 | | | |

Ua: | | | |

 Udorthents. | | | |

 | | | |

Uu: | | | |

 Urban land. | | | |

 | | | |

 Udorthents. | | | |

 | | | |

WaB: | | | |

 Weikert--------------| 0-6 | 5.8-18 | 4.3-13 | 3.5-5.5

 | 6-11 | 3.5-9.9 | 2.6-7.4 | 3.5-5.5

 | 11-14 | 3.5-9.9 | 2.6-7.4 | 3.5-5.5

 | 14-18 | --- | --- | ---

 | | | |

WaC: | | | |

 Weikert--------------| 0-5 | 5.8-18 | 4.3-13 | 3.5-5.5

 | 5-10 | 3.5-9.9 | 2.6-7.4 | 3.5-5.5

 | 10-13 | 3.5-9.9 | 2.6-7.4 | 3.5-5.5

 | 13-17 | --- | --- | ---

 | | | |

WbC: | | | |

 Weikert--------------| 0-6 | 5.8-18 | 4.3-13 | 3.5-5.5

 | 6-14 | 3.5-9.9 | 2.6-7.4 | 3.5-5.5

 | 14-18 | 3.5-9.9 | 2.6-7.4 | 3.5-5.5

 | 18-22 | --- | --- | ---

 | | | |

 Berks----------------| 0-7 | 6.2-17 | 4.7-13 | 3.6-5.5

 | 7-12 | 1.2-9.1 | 1.3-9.8 | 3.6-5.5

 | 12-21 | 1.2-9.1 | 1.3-9.8 | 3.6-5.5

 | 21-25 | 1.2-7.7 | 1.3-5.9 | 3.6-5.5

 | 25-29 | --- | --- | ---

 | | | |

WbD: | | | |

 Weikert--------------| 0-4 | 5.8-18 | 4.3-13 | 3.5-5.5

 | 4-12 | 3.5-9.9 | 2.6-7.4 | 3.5-5.5

 | 12-16 | 3.5-9.9 | 2.6-7.4 | 3.5-5.5

 | 16-20 | --- | --- | ---

 | | | |

 Berks----------------| 0-5 | 6.2-17 | 4.7-13 | 3.6-5.5

 | 5-10 | 1.2-9.1 | 1.3-9.8 | 3.6-5.5

 | 10-19 | 1.2-9.1 | 1.3-9.8 | 3.6-5.5

 | 19-23 | 1.2-7.7 | 1.3-5.9 | 3.6-5.5

 | 23-27 | --- | --- | ---

 | | | |
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

663

Table 19.--Chemical Properties of the Soils--Continued

_____________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 | | |Effective|

 Map symbol | Depth | Cation- | cation- | Soil

 and soil name | |exchange |exchange | reaction

 | |capacity |capacity |

______________________|_______|_________|_________|__________

 | In |meq/100 g|meq/100 g| pH

 | | | |

WkF: | | | |

 Weikert--------------| 0-1 | 80-125 | 60-94 | 3.5-4.5

 | 1-3 | 7.5-18 | 5.6-14 | 4.5-6.0

 | 3-14 | 3.5-9.9 | 2.6-7.4 | 4.5-6.0

 | 14-18 | --- | --- | ---

 | | | |

 Berks----------------| 0-1 | 80-125 | 60-94 | 3.6-4.5

 | 1-3 | 6.2-17 | 4.7-13 | 3.6-5.5

 | 3-13 | 1.2-12 | 1.3-9.2 | 3.6-5.5

 | 13-25 | 1.2-11 | 1.3-8.4 | 3.6-5.5

 | 25-29 | --- | --- | ---

______________________|_______|_________|_________|__________
664

Table 20.--Soil Features

(See text for definitions of terms used in this table. Absence of an entry indicates that the f concern or that data were not estimated.)________________________________________________________________________________________________ | Restrictive layer | |  |_____________________________________________________| Potential |____ Map symbol | | Depth | | | for | U and soil name | Kind |to top |Thickness| Hardness |frost action| ________________________|_________________|_______|_________|_________________|____________|____ | | In | In | | |  | | | | | | AgB: | | | | | |  Allegheny--------------| --- | --- | --- | --- |Moderate |Low  | | | | | | AgC: | | | | | |  Allegheny--------------| --- | --- | --- | --- |Moderate |Low  | | | | | | AnB: | | | | | |  Andover----------------|Fragipan | 16-28 | 33-39 |Noncemented |High |Hig | | | | | | Ba: | | | | | |  Basher-----------------| --- | --- | --- | --- |High |Mod | | | | | | BbC: | | | | | |  Berks------------------|Bedrock | 20-40 | --- |Very strongly |Low |Low  | (paralithic) | | | cemented | |  | | | | | | BbE: | | | | | |  Berks------------------|Bedrock | 20-40 | --- |Very strongly |Low |Low  | (paralithic) | | | cemented | |  | | | | | | BcD: | | | | | |  Berks------------------|Bedrock | 20-40 | --- |Very strongly |Low |Low  | (paralithic) | | | cemented | |  | | | | | |  Calvin-----------------|Bedrock | 20-40 | --- |Very strongly |Moderate |Low  | (paralithic) | | | cemented | |  | | | | | | BcE: | | | | | |  Berks------------------|Bedrock | 20-40 | --- |Very strongly |Low |Low  | (paralithic) | | | cemented | |  | | | | | |  Calvin-----------------|Bedrock | 20-40 | --- |Very strongly |Moderate |Low  | (paralithic) | | | cemented | |  | | | | | | BcF: | | | | | |  Berks------------------|Bedrock | 20-40 | --- |Very strongly |Low |Low  | (paralithic) | | | cemented | |  | | | | | |  Calvin-----------------|Bedrock | 20-40 | --- |Very strongly |Moderate |Low  | (paralithic) | | | cemented | |  | | | | | | 
665

Table 20.--Soil Features--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________ | Restrictive layer | |  |_____________________________________________________| Potential |____ Map symbol | | Depth | | | for | U and soil name | Kind |to top |Thickness| Hardness |frost action| ________________________|_________________|_______|_________|_________________|____________|____ | | In | In | | |  | | | | | | BeB: | | | | | |  Berks------------------|Bedrock | 20-40 | --- |Very strongly |Low |Low  | (paralithic) | | | cemented | |  | | | | | |  Clearbrook-------------|Bedrock | 20-40 | --- |Very strongly |Moderate |Hig | (paralithic) | | | cemented | |  | | | | | | BeC: | | | | | |  Berks------------------|Bedrock | 20-40 | --- |Very strongly |Low |Low  | (paralithic) | | | cemented | |  | | | | | |  Clearbrook-------------|Bedrock | 20-40 | --- |Very strongly |Moderate |Hig | (paralithic) | | | cemented | |  | | | | | | BkB: | | | | | |  Berks------------------|Bedrock | 20-40 | --- |Very strongly |Low |Low  | (paralithic) | | | cemented | |  | | | | | |  Weikert----------------|Bedrock | 10-20 | --- |Very strongly |Moderate |Mod | (paralithic) | | | cemented | |  | | | | | | BqF: | | | | | |  Blackthorn-------------| --- | --- | --- | --- |Low |Mod | | | | | | BrB: | | | | | |  Brinkerton-------------|Fragipan | 15-30 | 8-32 |Noncemented |High |Hig | | | | | | BuB: | | | | | |  Buchanan---------------|Fragipan | 20-36 | 13-50 |Noncemented |Moderate |Hig | | | | | | BuC: | | | | | |  Buchanan---------------|Fragipan | 20-36 | 13-50 |Noncemented |Moderate |Hig | | | | | | BxC: | | | | | |  Buchanan---------------|Fragipan | 20-36 | 13-50 |Noncemented |Moderate |Hig | | | | | | BxE: | | | | | |  Buchanan---------------|Fragipan | 20-36 | 13-50 |Noncemented |Moderate |Hig | | | | | | CbB: | | | | | |  Calvin-----------------|Bedrock | 20-40 | --- |Very strongly |Moderate |Low  | (paralithic) | | | cemented | |  | | | | | |  Berks------------------|Bedrock | 20-40 | --- |Very strongly |Low |Low  | (paralithic) | | | cemented | |  | | | | | | 
666

Table 20.--Soil Features--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________ | Restrictive layer | |  |_____________________________________________________| Potential |____ Map symbol | | Depth | | | for | U and soil name | Kind |to top |Thickness| Hardness |frost action| ________________________|_________________|_______|_________|_________________|____________|____ | | In | In | | |  | | | | | | CbC: | | | | | |  Calvin-----------------|Bedrock | 20-40 | --- |Very strongly |Moderate |Low  | (paralithic) | | | cemented | |  | | | | | |  Berks------------------|Bedrock | 20-40 | --- |Very strongly |Low |Low  | (paralithic) | | | cemented | |  | | | | | | CkB: | | | | | |  Calvin-----------------|Bedrock | 20-40 | --- |Very strongly |Moderate |Low  | (paralithic) | | | cemented | |  | | | | | |  Klinesville------------|Bedrock | 10-20 | --- |Very strongly |Moderate |Mod | (paralithic) | | | cemented | |  | | | | | | CkC: | | | | | |  Calvin-----------------|Bedrock | 20-40 | --- |Very strongly |Moderate |Low  | (paralithic) | | | cemented | |  | | | | | |  Klinesville------------|Bedrock | 10-20 | --- |Very strongly |Moderate |Mod | (paralithic) | | | cemented | |  | | | | | | CkD: | | | | | |  Calvin-----------------|Bedrock | 20-40 | --- |Very strongly |Moderate |Low  | (paralithic) | | | cemented | |  | | | | | |  Klinesville------------|Bedrock | 10-20 | --- |Very strongly |Moderate |Mod | (paralithic) | | | cemented | |  | | | | | | CkE: | | | | | |  Calvin-----------------|Bedrock | 20-40 | --- |Very strongly |Moderate |Low  | (paralithic) | | | cemented | |  | | | | | |  Klinesville------------|Bedrock | 10-20 | --- |Very strongly |Moderate |Mod | (paralithic) | | | cemented | |  | | | | | | CkF: | | | | | |  Calvin-----------------|Bedrock | 20-40 | --- |Very strongly |Moderate |Low  | (paralithic) | | | cenmented | |  | | | | | |  Klinesville------------|Bedrock | 10-20 | --- |Very strongly |Moderate |Mod | (paralithic) | | | cemented | |  | | | | | | ClC: | | | | | |  Caneyville-------------|Bedrock (lithic) | 20-40 | --- |Indurated |Moderate |Hig | | | | | | 
667

Table 20.--Soil Features--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________ | Restrictive layer | |  |_____________________________________________________| Potential |____ Map symbol | | Depth | | | for | U and soil name | Kind |to top |Thickness| Hardness |frost action| ________________________|_________________|_______|_________|_________________|____________|____ | | In | In | | |  | | | | | | ClD: | | | | | |  Caneyville-------------|Bedrock (lithic) | 20-40 | --- |Indurated |Moderate |Hig | | | | | | ClE: | | | | | |  Caneyville-------------|Bedrock (lithic) | 20-40 | --- |Indurated |Moderate |Hig | | | | | | CnF: | | | | | |  Caneyville-------------|Bedrock (lithic) | 20-40 | --- |Indurated |Moderate |Hig | | | | | | CrB: | | | | | |  Clarksburg-------------|Fragipan | 20-36 | 10-30 |Noncemented |Moderate |Mod | | | | | | CrC: | | | | | |  Clarksburg-------------|Fragipan | 20-36 | 10-30 |Noncemented |Moderate |Mod | | | | | | CvB: | | | | | |  Clearbrook-------------|Bedrock | 20-40 | --- |Very strongly |Moderate |Hig | (paralithic) | | | cemented | |  | | | | | |  Cavode-----------------|Bedrock | 40-72 | --- |Very strongly |High |Hig | (paralithic) | | | cemented | |  | | | | | | Cz: | | | | | |  Combs------------------| --- | --- | --- | --- |None |Low  | | | | | | DkC: | | | | | |  Dekalb-----------------|Bedrock (lithic) | 20-40 | --- |Indurated |Low |Low  | | | | | | DrE: | | | | | |  Dekalb-----------------|Bedrock (lithic) | 20-40 | --- |Indurated |Low |Low  | | | | | |  Rock outcrop-----------|Bedrock (lithic) | 0-0 | --- |Indurated |None |  | | | | | | DsB: | | | | | |  Downsville-------------| --- | --- | --- | --- |Moderate |Low  | | | | | | DsC: | | | | | |  Downsville-------------| --- | --- | --- | --- |Moderate |Low  | | | | | | Dz: | | | | | |  Dunning----------------| --- | --- | --- | --- |High |Hig | | | | | | ErB: | | | | | |  Ernest-----------------|Fragipan | 20-36 | 10-40 |Noncemented |Moderate |Mod | | | | | | 
668

Table 20.--Soil Features--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________ | Restrictive layer | |  |_____________________________________________________| Potential |____ Map symbol | | Depth | | | for | U and soil name | Kind |to top |Thickness| Hardness |frost action| ________________________|_________________|_______|_________|_________________|____________|____ | | In | In | | |  | | | | | | ErC: | | | | | |  Ernest-----------------|Fragipan | 20-36 | 10-40 |Noncemented |Moderate |Mod | | | | | | HaE: | | | | | |  Hazleton---------------|Bedrock (lithic) | 60-180| --- |Indurated |Moderate |Low  | | | | | |  Dekalb-----------------|Bedrock (lithic) | 20-40 | --- |Indurated |Low |Low  | | | | | | HaF: | | | | | |  Hazleton---------------|Bedrock (lithic) | 60-180| --- |Indurated |Moderate |Low  | | | | | |  Dekalb-----------------|Bedrock (lithic) | 20-40 | --- |Indurated |Low |Low  | | | | | | HdF: | | | | | |  Hazleton---------------|Bedrock (lithic) | 60-180| --- |Indurated |Moderate |Low  | | | | | |  Dekalb-----------------|Bedrock (lithic) | 20-40 | --- |Indurated |Low |Low  | | | | | |  Rock outcrop-----------|Bedrock (lithic) | 0-0 | --- |Indurated |None |  | | | | | | HeF: | | | | | |  Hazleton---------------|Bedrock (lithic) | 60-180| --- |Indurated |Moderate |Low  | | | | | |  Dekalb-----------------|Bedrock (lithic) | 20-40 | --- |Indurated |Low |Low  | | | | | |  Rock outcrop-----------|Bedrock (lithic) | 0-0 | --- |Indurated |None |  | | | | | | HlF: | | | | | |  Hazleton---------------|Bedrock (lithic) | 60-180| --- |Indurated |Moderate |Low  | | | | | |  Lehew------------------|Bedrock (lithic) | 20-40 | --- |Indurated |Low |Low  | | | | | |  Dekalb-----------------|Bedrock (lithic) | 20-40 | --- |Indurated |Low |Low  | | | | | | Ho: | | | | | |  Holly------------------| --- | --- | --- | --- |High |Hig | | | | | | HwB: | | | | | |  Hustontown-------------|Fragipan | 18-32 | --- |Noncemented |High |Hig | | | | | | Ln: | | | | | |  Lindside---------------| --- | --- | --- | --- |High |Mod | | | | | | LzC: | | | | | |  Litz-------------------|Bedrock | 20-40 | --- |Very strongly |Moderate |Mod | (paralithic) | | | cemented | |  | | | | | | 
669

Table 20.--Soil Features--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________ | Restrictive layer | |  |_____________________________________________________| Potential |____ Map symbol | | Depth | | | for | U and soil name | Kind |to top |Thickness| Hardness |frost action| ________________________|_________________|_______|_________|_________________|____________|____ | | In | In | | |  | | | | | | LzD: | | | | | |  Litz-------------------|Bedrock | 20-40 | --- |Very strongly |Moderate |Mod | (paralithic) | | | cemented | |  | | | | | | LzE: | | | | | |  Litz-------------------|Bedrock | 20-40 | --- |Very strongly |Moderate |Mod | (paralithic) | | | cemented | |  | | | | | | LzF: | | | | | |  Litz-------------------|Bedrock | 20-40 | --- |Very strongly |Moderate |Mod | (paralithic) | | | cemented | |  | | | | | | Me: | | | | | |  Melvin-----------------| --- | --- | --- | --- |High |Hig | | | | | | MhA: | | | | | |  Monongahela------------|Fragipan | 18-30 | 8-27 |Noncemented |Moderate |Hig | | | | | | MhB: | | | | | |  Monongahela------------|Fragipan | 18-30 | 8-27 |Noncemented |Moderate |Hig | | | | | | MhC: | | | | | |  Monongahela------------|Fragipan | 18-30 | 8-27 |Noncemented |Moderate |Hig | | | | | | MrC: | | | | | |  Murrill----------------| --- | --- | --- | --- |Moderate |Mod | | | | | | MrD: | | | | | |  Murrill----------------| --- | --- | --- | --- |Moderate |Mod | | | | | | MsC: | | | | | |  Murrill----------------| --- | --- | --- | --- |Moderate |Mod | | | | | | MsE: | | | | | |  Murrill----------------| --- | --- | --- | --- |Moderate |Mod | | | | | | Pg: | | | | | |  Philo------------------| --- | --- | --- | --- |Moderate |Low  | | | | | | Ph: | | | | | |  Philo------------------| --- | --- | --- | --- |Moderate |Low  | | | | | | Ps: | | | | | |  Pope-------------------| --- | --- | --- | --- |Moderate |Low  | | | | | | 
670

Table 20.--Soil Features--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________ | Restrictive layer | |  |_____________________________________________________| Potential |____ Map symbol | | Depth | | | for | U and soil name | Kind |to top |Thickness| Hardness |frost action| ________________________|_________________|_______|_________|_________________|____________|____ | | In | In | | |  | | | | | | Px: | | | | | |  Pope-------------------| --- | --- | --- | --- |Moderate |Low  | | | | | | Pz: | | | | | |  Pope-------------------| --- | --- | --- | --- |Moderate |Low  | | | | | |  Philo------------------| --- | --- | --- | --- |Moderate |Low  | | | | | | Qm: | | | | | |  Quarry, limestone------|Bedrock (lithic) | 0-0 | --- | --- |None |  | | | | | | Qo: | | | | | |  Quarry, sandstone------|Bedrock (lithic) | 0-0 | --- | --- |None |  | | | | | | Qs: | | | | | |  Quarry, shale----------|Bedrock (lithic) | 0-0 | --- | --- |None |  | | | | | | ReG: | | | | | |  Rock outcrop-----------|Bedrock (lithic) | 0-0 | --- |Indurated |None |  | | | | | |  Opequon----------------|Bedrock (lithic) | 12-20 | --- |Indurated |Moderate |Mod | | | | | | RgG: | | | | | |  Rock outcrop-----------|Bedrock (lithic) | 0-0 | --- |Very strongly |None |  | | | | cemented | |  Rough------------------|Bedrock | 4-10 | --- |Very strongly |Moderate |Mod | (paralithic) | | | cemented | |  | | | | | | RuD: | | | | | |  Rushtown---------------| --- | --- | --- | --- |Low |Low  | | | | | | RuF: | | | | | |  Rushtown---------------| --- | --- | --- | --- |Low |Low  | | | | | | ShC: | | | | | |  Schaffenaker-----------|Bedrock (lithic) | 20-40 | --- |Indurated |Low |Low  | | | | | | SkF: | | | | | |  Schaffenaker-----------|Bedrock (lithic) | 20-40 | --- |Indurated |Low |Low  | | | | | |  Rock outcrop-----------|Bedrock (lithic) | 0-0 | --- |Indurated |None |  | | | | | | SnE: | | | | | |  Schaffenaker-----------|Bedrock (lithic) | 20-40 | --- |Indurated |Low |Low  | | | | | |  Vanderlip--------------|Bedrock (lithic) | 96-120| --- |Indurated |Low |Low  | | | | | | 
671

Table 20.--Soil Features--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________ | Restrictive layer | |  |_____________________________________________________| Potential |____ Map symbol | | Depth | | | for | U and soil name | Kind |to top |Thickness| Hardness |frost action| ________________________|_________________|_______|_________|_________________|____________|____ | | In | In | | |  | | | | | | SnF: | | | | | |  Schaffenaker-----------|Bedrock (lithic) | 20-40 | --- |Indurated |Low |Low  | | | | | |  Vanderlip--------------|Bedrock (lithic) | 96-120| --- |Indurated |Low |Low  | | | | | | SxC: | | | | | |  Sideling---------------|Bedrock | 60-96 | --- |Very strongly |Moderate |Hig | (paralithic) | | | cemented | |  | | | | | | SxE: | | | | | |  Sideling---------------|Bedrock | 60-96 | --- |Very strongly |Moderate |Hig | (paralithic) | | | cemented | |  | | | | | | SyE: | | | | | |  Sideling---------------|Bedrock | 60-96 | --- |Very strongly |Moderate |Hig | (paralithic) | | | cemented | |  | | | | | | Ta: | | | | | |  Tioga------------------| --- | --- | --- | --- |Moderate |Low  | | | | | | TyA: | | | | | |  Tygart-----------------| --- | --- | --- | --- |Moderate |Hig | | | | | | Ua: | | | | | |  Udorthents-------------| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |  | | | | | | Uu: | | | | | |  Urban land-------------| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |  | | | | | |  Udorthents-------------| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |  | | | | | | WaB: | | | | | |  Weikert----------------|Bedrock | 10-20 | --- |Very strongly |Moderate |Mod | (paralithic) | | | cemented | |  | | | | | | WaC: | | | | | |  Weikert----------------|Bedrock | 10-20 | --- |Very strongly |Moderate |Mod | (paralithic) | | | cemented | |  | | | | | | WbC: | | | | | |  Weikert----------------|Bedrock | 10-20 | --- |Very strongly |Moderate |Mod | (paralithic) | | | cemented | |  | | | | | |  Berks------------------|Bedrock | 20-40 | --- |Very strongly |Low |Low  | (paralithic) | | | cemented | |  | | | | | | 
672

Table 20.--Soil Features--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________ | Restrictive layer | |  |_____________________________________________________| Potential |____ Map symbol | | Depth | | | for | U and soil name | Kind |to top |Thickness| Hardness |frost action| ________________________|_________________|_______|_________|_________________|____________|____ | | In | In | | |  | | | | | | WbD: | | | | | |  Weikert----------------|Bedrock | 10-20 | --- |Very strongly |Moderate |Mod | (paralithic) | | | cemented | |  | | | | | |  Berks------------------|Bedrock | 20-40 | --- |Very strongly |Low |Low  | (paralithic) | | | cemented | |  | | | | | | WkF: | | | | | |  Weikert----------------|Bedrock | 10-20 | --- |Very strongly |Moderate |Mod | (paralithic) | | | cemented | |  | | | | | |  Berks------------------|Bedrock | 20-40 | --- |Very strongly |Low |Low  | (paralithic) | | | cemented | | ________________________|_________________|_______|_________|_________________|____________|____
673

Table 21.--Water Features

(Depths of layers are in feet. See text for definitions of terms used in this table. Estimates of  ponding and flooding apply to the whole year rather than to individual months. Absence of an  that the feature is not a concern or that data were not estimated.)___________________________________________________________________________________________________ | | | Water table | Ponding |  | | |_______________|_____________________________|_______ Map symbol |Hydro-| | | |Surface| | |  and soil name |logic | Month | Upper | Lower | water | | |  |group | | limit | limit | depth | Duration |Frequency | Dura___________________________|______|__________|_______|_______|_______|__________|__________|_______ | | | Ft | Ft | Ft | | |  | | | | | | | | AgB: | | | | | | | |  Allegheny-----------------| B |Jan-Dec | --- | --- | --- | --- | None |  | | | | | | | | AgC: | | | | | | | |  Allegheny-----------------| B |Jan-Dec | --- | --- | --- | --- | None |  | | | | | | | | AnB: | | | | | | | |  Andover-------------------| D | | | | | | |  | |January |0.0-0.5|1.3-2.3| --- | --- | None |  | |February |0.0-0.5|1.3-2.3| --- | --- | None |  | |March |0.0-0.5|1.3-2.3| --- | --- | None |  | |April |0.0-0.5|1.3-2.3| --- | --- | None |  | |May |0.3-1.0|1.3-2.3| --- | --- | None |  | |June |1.0-1.2|1.3-2.3| --- | --- | None |  | |October |0.3-1.0|1.3-2.3| --- | --- | None |  | |November |0.0-0.5|1.3-2.3| --- | --- | None |  | |December |0.0-0.5|1.3-2.3| --- | --- | None |  | | | | | | | | Ba: | | | | | | | |  Basher--------------------| B | | | | | | |  | |January |1.5-2.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | Very  | |February |1.5-2.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | Very  | |March |1.5-2.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | Very  | |April |2.0-3.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | Very  | |May |3.0-4.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | Very  | |June | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | Very  | |July | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | Very  | |August | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | Very  | |September | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | Very  | |October | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | Very  | |November |3.0-4.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | Very  | |December |1.5-2.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | Very  | | | | | | | | BbC: | | | | | | | |  Berks---------------------| C |Jan-Dec | --- | --- | --- | --- | None |  | | | | | | | | BbE: | | | | | | | |  Berks---------------------| C |Jan-Dec | --- | --- | --- | --- | None |  | | | | | | | | BcD: | | | | | | | |  Berks---------------------| C |Jan-Dec | --- | --- | --- | --- | None |  | | | | | | | | 
674

Table 21.--Water Features--Continued

___________________________________________________________________________________________________ | | | Water table | Ponding |  | | |_______________|_____________________________|_______ Map symbol |Hydro-| | | |Surface| | |  and soil name |logic | Month | Upper | Lower | water | | |  |group | | limit | limit | depth | Duration |Frequency | Dura___________________________|______|__________|_______|_______|_______|__________|__________|_______ | | | Ft | Ft | Ft | | |  | | | | | | | | BcD: | | | | | | | |  Calvin--------------------| C |Jan-Dec | --- | --- | --- | --- | None |  | | | | | | | | BcE: | | | | | | | |  Berks---------------------| C |Jan-Dec | --- | --- | --- | --- | None |  | | | | | | | |  Calvin--------------------| C |Jan-Dec | --- | --- | --- | --- | None |  | | | | | | | | BcF: | | | | | | | |  Berks---------------------| C |Jan-Dec | --- | --- | --- | --- | None |  | | | | | | | |  Calvin--------------------| C |Jan-Dec | --- | --- | --- | --- | None |  | | | | | | | | BeB: | | | | | | | |  Berks---------------------| C |Jan-Dec | --- | --- | --- | --- | None |  | | | | | | | |  Clearbrook----------------| D | | | | | | |  | |January |1.0-2.5|1.7-3.3| --- | --- | None |  | |February |1.0-2.5|1.7-3.3| --- | --- | None |  | |March |1.0-2.5|1.7-3.3| --- | --- | None |  | |April |1.3-2.5|1.7-3.3| --- | --- | None |  | |November |1.3-2.5|1.7-3.3| --- | --- | None |  | |December |1.0-2.5|1.7-3.3| --- | --- | None |  | | | | | | | | BeC: | | | | | | | |  Berks---------------------| C |Jan-Dec | --- | --- | --- | --- | None |  | | | | | | | |  Clearbrook----------------| D | | | | | | |  | |January |1.0-2.5|1.7-3.3| --- | --- | None |  | |February |1.0-2.5|1.7-3.3| --- | --- | None |  | |March |1.0-2.5|1.7-3.3| --- | --- | None |  | |April |1.3-2.5|1.7-3.3| --- | --- | None |  | |November |1.3-2.5|1.7-3.3| --- | --- | None |  | |December |1.0-2.5|1.7-3.3| --- | --- | None |  | | | | | | | | BkB: | | | | | | | |  Berks---------------------| C |Jan-Dec | --- | --- | --- | --- | None |  | | | | | | | |  Weikert-------------------| C |Jan-Dec | --- | --- | --- | --- | None |  | | | | | | | | BqF: | | | | | | | |  Blackthorn----------------| B |Jan-Dec | --- | --- | --- | --- | None |  | | | | | | | | 
675

Table 21.--Water Features--Continued

___________________________________________________________________________________________________ | | | Water table | Ponding |  | | |_______________|_____________________________|_______ Map symbol |Hydro-| | | |Surface| | |  and soil name |logic | Month | Upper | Lower | water | | |  |group | | limit | limit | depth | Duration |Frequency | Dura___________________________|______|__________|_______|_______|_______|__________|__________|_______ | | | Ft | Ft | Ft | | |  | | | | | | | | BrB: | | | | | | | |  Brinkerton----------------| D | | | | | | |  | |January |0.0-0.5|1.2-2.5| --- | --- | None |  | |February |0.0-0.5|1.2-2.5| --- | --- | None |  | |March |0.0-0.5|1.2-2.5| --- | --- | None |  | |April |0.0-0.5|1.2-2.5| --- | --- | None |  | |May |0.3-1.0|1.2-2.5| --- | --- | None |  | |October |0.3-1.0|1.2-2.5| --- | --- | None |  | |November |0.0-0.5|1.2-2.5| --- | --- | None |  | |December |0.0-0.5|1.2-2.5| --- | --- | None |  | | | | | | | | BuB: | | | | | | | |  Buchanan------------------| C | | | | | | |  | |January |1.3-2.5|1.7-3.0| --- | --- | None |  | |February |1.3-2.5|1.7-3.0| --- | --- | None |  | |March |1.3-2.5|1.7-3.0| --- | --- | None |  | |April |1.3-2.5|1.7-3.0| --- | --- | None |  | |November |1.3-2.5|1.7-3.0| --- | --- | None |  | |December |1.3-2.5|1.7-3.0| --- | --- | None |  | | | | | | | | BuC: | | | | | | | |  Buchanan------------------| C | | | | | | |  | |January |1.3-2.5|1.7-3.0| --- | --- | None |  | |February |1.3-2.5|1.7-3.0| --- | --- | None |  | |March |1.3-2.5|1.7-3.0| --- | --- | None |  | |April |1.3-2.5|1.7-3.0| --- | --- | None |  | |November |1.3-2.5|1.7-3.0| --- | --- | None |  | |December |1.3-2.5|1.7-3.0| --- | --- | None |  | | | | | | | | BxC: | | | | | | | |  Buchanan------------------| C | | | | | | |  | |January |1.3-2.5|1.7-3.0| --- | --- | None |  | |February |1.3-2.5|1.7-3.0| --- | --- | None |  | |March |1.3-2.5|1.7-3.0| --- | --- | None |  | |April |1.3-2.5|1.7-3.0| --- | --- | None |  | |November |1.3-2.5|1.7-3.0| --- | --- | None |  | |December |1.3-2.5|1.7-3.0| --- | --- | None |  | | | | | | | | BxE: | | | | | | | |  Buchanan------------------| C | | | | | | |  | |January |1.3-2.5|1.7-3.0| --- | --- | None |  | |February |1.3-2.5|1.7-3.0| --- | --- | None |  | |March |1.3-2.5|1.7-3.0| --- | --- | None |  | |April |1.3-2.5|1.7-3.0| --- | --- | None |  | |November |1.3-2.5|1.7-3.0| --- | --- | None |  | |December |1.3-2.5|1.7-3.0| --- | --- | None | 
676

Table 21.--Water Features--Continued

___________________________________________________________________________________________________ | | | Water table | Ponding |  | | |_______________|_____________________________|_______ Map symbol |Hydro-| | | |Surface| | |  and soil name |logic | Month | Upper | Lower | water | | |  |group | | limit | limit | depth | Duration |Frequency | Dura___________________________|______|__________|_______|_______|_______|__________|__________|_______ | | | Ft | Ft | Ft | | |  | | | | | | | | CbB: | | | | | | | |  Calvin--------------------| C |Jan-Dec | --- | --- | --- | --- | None |  | | | | | | | |  Berks---------------------| C |Jan-Dec | --- | --- | --- | --- | None |  | | | | | | | | CbC: | | | | | | | |  Calvin--------------------| C |Jan-Dec | --- | --- | --- | --- | None |  | | | | | | | |  Berks---------------------| C |Jan-Dec | --- | --- | --- | --- | None |  | | | | | | | | CkB: | | | | | | | |  Calvin--------------------| C |Jan-Dec | --- | --- | --- | --- | None |  | | | | | | | |  Klinesville---------------| C |Jan-Dec | --- | --- | --- | --- | None |  | | | | | | | | CkC: | | | | | | | |  Calvin--------------------| C |Jan-Dec | --- | --- | --- | --- | None |  | | | | | | | |  Klinesville---------------| C |Jan-Dec | --- | --- | --- | --- | None |  | | | | | | | | CkD: | | | | | | | |  Calvin--------------------| C |Jan-Dec | --- | --- | --- | --- | None |  | | | | | | | |  Klinesville---------------| C |Jan-Dec | --- | --- | --- | --- | None |  | | | | | | | | CkE: | | | | | | | |  Calvin--------------------| C |Jan-Dec | --- | --- | --- | --- | None |  | | | | | | | |  Klinesville---------------| C |Jan-Dec | --- | --- | --- | --- | None |  | | | | | | | | CkF: | | | | | | | |  Calvin--------------------| C |Jan-Dec | --- | --- | --- | --- | None |  | | | | | | | |  Klinesville---------------| C |Jan-Dec | --- | --- | --- | --- | None |  | | | | | | | | ClC: | | | | | | | |  Caneyville----------------| C |Jan-Dec | --- | --- | --- | --- | None |  | | | | | | | | ClD: | | | | | | | |  Caneyville----------------| C |Jan-Dec | --- | --- | --- | --- | None |  | | | | | | | | ClE: | | | | | | | |  Caneyville----------------| C |Jan-Dec | --- | --- | --- | --- | None |  | | | | | | | | 
677

Table 21.--Water Features--Continued

___________________________________________________________________________________________________ | | | Water table | Ponding |  | | |_______________|_____________________________|_______ Map symbol |Hydro-| | | |Surface| | |  and soil name |logic | Month | Upper | Lower | water | | |  |group | | limit | limit | depth | Duration |Frequency | Dura___________________________|______|__________|_______|_______|_______|__________|__________|_______ | | | Ft | Ft | Ft | | |  | | | | | | | | CnF: | | | | | | | |  Caneyville----------------| C |Jan-Dec | --- | --- | --- | --- | None |  | | | | | | | | CrB: | | | | | | | |  Clarksburg----------------| C | | | | | | |  | |January |1.5-2.5|1.7-3.0| --- | --- | None |  | |February |1.5-2.5|1.7-3.0| --- | --- | None |  | |March |1.5-2.5|1.7-3.0| --- | --- | None |  | |April |1.5-2.5|1.7-3.0| --- | --- | None |  | |November |1.5-2.5|1.7-3.0| --- | --- | None |  | |December |1.5-2.5|1.7-3.0| --- | --- | None |  | | | | | | | | CrC: | | | | | | | |  Clarksburg----------------| C | | | | | | |  | |January |1.5-2.5|1.7-3.0| --- | --- | None |  | |February |1.5-2.5|1.7-3.0| --- | --- | None |  | |March |1.5-2.5|1.7-3.0| --- | --- | None |  | |April |1.5-2.5|1.7-3.0| --- | --- | None |  | |November |1.5-2.5|1.7-3.0| --- | --- | None |  | |December |1.5-2.5|1.7-3.0| --- | --- | None |  | | | | | | | | CvB: | | | | | | | |  Clearbrook----------------| D | | | | | | |  | |January |0.5-1.5|1.7-3.3| --- | --- | None |  | |February |0.5-1.5|1.7-3.3| --- | --- | None |  | |March |0.5-1.5|1.7-3.3| --- | --- | None |  | |April |1.0-1.5|1.7-3.3| --- | --- | None |  | |May |1.3-1.8|1.7-3.3| --- | --- | None |  | |October |1.3-1.8|1.7-3.3| --- | --- | None |  | |November |1.0-1.5|1.7-3.3| --- | --- | None |  | |December |0.5-1.5|1.7-3.3| --- | --- | None |  | | | | | | | |  Cavode--------------------| C | | | | | | |  | |January |0.5-1.5|3.3-6.0| --- | --- | None |  | |February |0.5-1.5|3.3-6.0| --- | --- | None |  | |March |0.5-1.5|3.3-6.0| --- | --- | None |  | |April |1.0-2.0|3.3-6.0| --- | --- | None |  | |May |1.5-2.0|3.3-6.0| --- | --- | None |  | |October |1.5-2.0|3.3-6.0| --- | --- | None |  | |November |1.0-2.0|3.3-6.0| --- | --- | None |  | |December |0.5-1.5|3.3-6.0| --- | --- | None |  | | | | | | | | 
678

Table 21.--Water Features--Continued

___________________________________________________________________________________________________ | | | Water table | Ponding |  | | |_______________|_____________________________|_______ Map symbol |Hydro-| | | |Surface| | |  and soil name |logic | Month | Upper | Lower | water | | |  |group | | limit | limit | depth | Duration |Frequency | Dura___________________________|______|__________|_______|_______|_______|__________|__________|_______ | | | Ft | Ft | Ft | | |  | | | | | | | | Cz: | | | | | | | |  Combs---------------------| B | | | | | | |  | |January |3.5-6.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | Br | |February |3.5-6.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | Br | |March |3.5-6.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | Br | |April |4.5-6.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | Br | |May | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | Br | |June | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | Br | |July | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | Br | |August | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | Br | |September | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | Br | |October | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | Br | |November | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | Br | |December | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | Br | | | | | | | | DkC: | | | | | | | |  Dekalb--------------------| B |Jan-Dec | --- | --- | --- | --- | None |  | | | | | | | | DrE: | | | | | | | |  Dekalb--------------------| B |Jan-Dec | --- | --- | --- | --- | None |  | | | | | | | |  Rock outcrop. | | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | DsB: | | | | | | | |  Downsville----------------| B |Jan-Dec | --- | --- | --- | --- | None |  | | | | | | | | DsC: | | | | | | | |  Downsville----------------| B |Jan-Dec | --- | --- | --- | --- | None |  | | | | | | | | Dz: | | | | | | | |  Dunning-------------------| D | | | | | | |  | |January |0.0-0.5| >6.0 |0.2-1.0| Long |Occasional| Br | |February |0.0-0.5| >6.0 |0.2-1.0| Long |Occasional| Br | |March |0.0-0.5| >6.0 |0.2-1.0| Long |Occasional| Br | |April |0.0-0.5| >6.0 |0.2-1.0| Long |Occasional| Br | |May |0.5-1.0| >6.0 |0.1-0.5| Brief | Rare | Br | |June |1.0-3.0| >6.0 |0.1-0.5| Brief | Rare | Br | |July |1.0-3.0| >6.0 |0.1-0.5|Very brief| Rare | Br | |August |1.0-3.0| >6.0 |0.1-0.5|Very brief| Rare | Br | |September |1.0-3.0| >6.0 |0.1-0.5|Very brief| Rare | Br | |October |0.5-1.0| >6.0 |0.1-0.5| Brief | Rare | Br | |November |0.0-0.5| >6.0 |0.2-1.0| Long |Occasional| Br | |December |0.0-0.5| >6.0 |0.2-1.0| Long |Occasional| Br | | | | | | | | 
679

Table 21.--Water Features--Continued

___________________________________________________________________________________________________ | | | Water table | Ponding |  | | |_______________|_____________________________|_______ Map symbol |Hydro-| | | |Surface| | |  and soil name |logic | Month | Upper | Lower | water | | |  |group | | limit | limit | depth | Duration |Frequency | Dura___________________________|______|__________|_______|_______|_______|__________|__________|_______ | | | Ft | Ft | Ft | | |  | | | | | | | | ErB: | | | | | | | |  Ernest--------------------| C | | | | | | |  | |January |1.0-2.7|1.7-3.0| --- | --- | None |  | |February |1.0-2.7|1.7-3.0| --- | --- | None |  | |March |1.0-2.7|1.7-3.0| --- | --- | None |  | |April |1.0-2.7|1.7-3.0| --- | --- | None |  | |November |1.0-2.7|1.7-3.0| --- | --- | None |  | |December |1.0-2.7|1.7-3.0| --- | --- | None |  | | | | | | | | ErC: | | | | | | | |  Ernest--------------------| C | | | | | | |  | |January |1.0-2.7|1.7-3.0| --- | --- | None |  | |February |1.0-2.7|1.7-3.0| --- | --- | None |  | |March |1.0-2.7|1.7-3.0| --- | --- | None |  | |April |1.0-2.7|1.7-3.0| --- | --- | None |  | |November |1.0-2.7|1.7-3.0| --- | --- | None |  | |December |1.0-2.7|1.7-3.0| --- | --- | None |  | | | | | | | | HaE: | | | | | | | |  Hazleton------------------| B |Jan-Dec | --- | --- | --- | --- | None |  | | | | | | | |  Dekalb--------------------| B |Jan-Dec | --- | --- | --- | --- | None |  | | | | | | | | HaF: | | | | | | | |  Hazleton------------------| B |Jan-Dec | --- | --- | --- | --- | None |  | | | | | | | |  Dekalb--------------------| B |Jan-Dec | --- | --- | --- | --- | None |  | | | | | | | | HdF: | | | | | | | |  Hazleton------------------| A |Jan-Dec | --- | --- | --- | --- | None |  | | | | | | | |  Dekalb--------------------| B |Jan-Dec | --- | --- | --- | --- | None |  | | | | | | | |  Rock outcrop. | | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | HeF: | | | | | | | |  Hazleton------------------| A |Jan-Dec | --- | --- | --- | --- | None |  | | | | | | | |  Dekalb--------------------| B |Jan-Dec | --- | --- | --- | --- | None |  | | | | | | | |  Rock outcrop. | | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | HlF: | | | | | | | |  Hazleton------------------| B |Jan-Dec | --- | --- | --- | --- | None |  | | | | | | | | 
680

Table 21.--Water Features--Continued

___________________________________________________________________________________________________ | | | Water table | Ponding |  | | |_______________|_____________________________|_______ Map symbol |Hydro-| | | |Surface| | |  and soil name |logic | Month | Upper | Lower | water | | |  |group | | limit | limit | depth | Duration |Frequency | Dura___________________________|______|__________|_______|_______|_______|__________|__________|_______ | | | Ft | Ft | Ft | | |  | | | | | | | | HlF: | | | | | | | |  Lehew---------------------| C |Jan-Dec | --- | --- | --- | --- | None |  | | | | | | | |  Dekalb--------------------| B |Jan-Dec | --- | --- | --- | --- | None |  | | | | | | | | Ho: | | | | | | | |  Holly---------------------| C/D | | | | | | |  | |January |0.0-0.5| >6.0 |0.2-1.0| Long |Occasional| Br | |February |0.0-0.5| >6.0 |0.2-1.0| Long |Occasional| Br | |March |0.0-0.5| >6.0 |0.2-1.0| Long |Occasional| Br | |April |0.0-0.5| >6.0 |0.2-1.0| Long |Occasional| Br | |May |0.5-1.0| >6.0 |0.2-1.0| Long |Occasional| Br | |June |1.0-3.0| >6.0 |0.1-0.5| Brief | Rare | Br | |July |1.0-3.0| >6.0 |0.1-0.5| Brief | Rare | Br | |August |1.0-3.0| >6.0 |0.1-0.5| Brief | Rare | Br | |September |1.0-3.0| >6.0 |0.1-0.5| Brief | Rare | Br | |October |1.0-3.0| >6.0 |0.1-0.5| Brief | Rare | Br | |November |0.5-1.0| >6.0 |0.2-1.0| Long |Occasional| Br | |December |0.0-0.5| >6.0 |0.2-1.0| Long |Occasional| Br | | | | | | | | HwB: | | | | | | | |  Hustontown----------------| C | | | | | | |  | |January |1.3-2.5|1.5-2.7| --- | --- | None |  | |February |1.3-2.5|1.5-2.7| --- | --- | None |  | |March |1.3-2.5|1.5-2.7| --- | --- | None |  | |April |1.3-2.5|1.5-2.7| --- | --- | None |  | |November |1.3-2.5|1.5-2.7| --- | --- | None |  | |December |1.3-2.5|1.5-2.7| --- | --- | None |  | | | | | | | | Ln: | | | | | | | |  Lindside------------------| C | | | | | | |  | |January |1.5-3.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | Br | |February |1.5-3.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | Br | |March |1.5-3.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | Br | |April |1.5-3.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | Br | |May |2.5-3.5| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | Br | |June |3.0-5.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | Br | |July |3.0-5.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | Br | |August |3.0-5.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | Br | |September |3.0-5.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | Br | |October |3.0-5.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | Br | |November |2.5-3.5| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | Br | |December |1.5-3.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | Br | | | | | | | | 
681

Table 21.--Water Features--Continued

___________________________________________________________________________________________________ | | | Water table | Ponding |  | | |_______________|_____________________________|_______ Map symbol |Hydro-| | | |Surface| | |  and soil name |logic | Month | Upper | Lower | water | | |  |group | | limit | limit | depth | Duration |Frequency | Dura___________________________|______|__________|_______|_______|_______|__________|__________|_______ | | | Ft | Ft | Ft | | |  | | | | | | | | LzC: | | | | | | | |  Litz----------------------| C |Jan-Dec | --- | --- | --- | --- | None |  | | | | | | | | LzD: | | | | | | | |  Litz----------------------| C |Jan-Dec | --- | --- | --- | --- | None |  | | | | | | | | LzE: | | | | | | | |  Litz----------------------| C |Jan-Dec | --- | --- | --- | --- | None |  | | | | | | | | LzF: | | | | | | | |  Litz----------------------| C |Jan-Dec | --- | --- | --- | --- | None |  | | | | | | | | Me: | | | | | | | |  Melvin--------------------| B/D | | | | | | |  | |January |0.0-0.5| >6.0 |0.2-1.0| Long |Occasional| Br | |February |0.0-0.5| >6.0 |0.2-1.0| Long |Occasional| Br | |March |0.0-0.5| >6.0 |0.2-1.0| Long |Occasional| Br | |April |0.0-0.5| >6.0 |0.2-1.0| Long |Occasional| Br | |May |0.5-1.0| >6.0 |0.2-1.0| Long |Occasional| Br | |June |1.0-3.0| >6.0 |0.1-0.5| Brief | Rare | Br | |July |1.0-3.0| >6.0 |0.1-0.5| Brief | Rare | Br | |August |1.0-3.0| >6.0 |0.1-0.5| Brief | Rare | Br | |September |1.0-3.0| >6.0 |0.1-0.5| Brief | Rare | Br | |October |1.0-3.0| >6.0 |0.1-0.5| Brief | Rare | Br | |November |0.5-1.0| >6.0 |0.2-1.0| Long |Occasional| Br | |December |0.0-0.5| >6.0 |0.2-1.0| Long |Occasional| Br | | | | | | | | MhA: | | | | | | | |  Monongahela---------------| C | | | | | | |  | |January |1.3-2.3|1.5-2.5| --- | --- | None |  | |February |1.3-2.3|1.5-2.5| --- | --- | None |  | |March |1.3-2.3|1.5-2.5| --- | --- | None |  | |April |1.3-2.3|1.5-2.5| --- | --- | None |  | |November |1.3-2.3|1.5-2.5| --- | --- | None |  | |December |1.3-2.3|1.5-2.5| --- | --- | None |  | | | | | | | | MhB: | | | | | | | |  Monongahela---------------| C | | | | | | |  | |January |1.3-2.3|1.5-2.5| --- | --- | None |  | |February |1.3-2.3|1.5-2.5| --- | --- | None |  | |March |1.3-2.3|1.5-2.5| --- | --- | None |  | |April |1.3-2.3|1.5-2.5| --- | --- | None |  | |November |1.3-2.3|1.5-2.5| --- | --- | None |  | |December |1.3-2.3|1.5-2.5| --- | --- | None |  | | | | | | | | 
682

Table 21.--Water Features--Continued

___________________________________________________________________________________________________ | | | Water table | Ponding |  | | |_______________|_____________________________|_______ Map symbol |Hydro-| | | |Surface| | |  and soil name |logic | Month | Upper | Lower | water | | |  |group | | limit | limit | depth | Duration |Frequency | Dura___________________________|______|__________|_______|_______|_______|__________|__________|_______ | | | Ft | Ft | Ft | | |  | | | | | | | | MhC: | | | | | | | |  Monongahela---------------| C | | | | | | |  | |January |1.3-2.3|1.5-2.5| --- | --- | None |  | |February |1.3-2.3|1.5-2.5| --- | --- | None |  | |March |1.3-2.3|1.5-2.5| --- | --- | None |  | |April |1.3-2.3|1.5-2.5| --- | --- | None |  | |November |1.3-2.3|1.5-2.5| --- | --- | None |  | |December |1.3-2.3|1.5-2.5| --- | --- | None |  | | | | | | | | MrC: | | | | | | | |  Murrill-------------------| B |Jan-Dec | --- | --- | --- | --- | None |  | | | | | | | | MrD: | | | | | | | |  Murrill-------------------| B |Jan-Dec | --- | --- | --- | --- | None |  | | | | | | | | MsC: | | | | | | | |  Murrill-------------------| B |Jan-Dec | --- | --- | --- | --- | None |  | | | | | | | | MsE: | | | | | | | |  Murrill-------------------| B |Jan-Dec | --- | --- | --- | --- | None |  | | | | | | | | Pg: | | | | | | | |  Philo---------------------| B | | | | | | |  | |January |1.5-3.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | Very  | |February |1.5-3.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | Very  | |March |1.5-3.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | Very  | |April |1.5-3.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | Very  | |May |2.0-3.5| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | Very  | |June |3.0-6.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | Very  | |July |4.0-6.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | Very  | |August |4.0-6.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | Very  | |September |4.0-6.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | Very  | |October |4.0-6.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | Very  | |November |2.0-3.5| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | Very  | |December |1.5-3.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | Very  | | | | | | | | 
683

Table 21.--Water Features--Continued

___________________________________________________________________________________________________ | | | Water table | Ponding |  | | |_______________|_____________________________|_______ Map symbol |Hydro-| | | |Surface| | |  and soil name |logic | Month | Upper | Lower | water | | |  |group | | limit | limit | depth | Duration |Frequency | Dura___________________________|______|__________|_______|_______|_______|__________|__________|_______ | | | Ft | Ft | Ft | | |  | | | | | | | | Ph: | | | | | | | |  Philo---------------------| B | | | | | | |  | |January |1.5-3.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | Very  | |February |1.5-3.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | Very  | |March |1.5-3.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | Very  | |April |1.5-3.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | Very  | |May |2.0-3.5| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | Very  | |June |3.0-6.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | Very  | |July |4.0-6.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | Very  | |August |4.0-6.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | Very  | |September |4.0-6.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | Very  | |October |4.0-6.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | Very  | |November |2.0-3.5| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | Very  | |December |1.5-3.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | Very  | | | | | | | | Ps: | | | | | | | |  Pope----------------------| B | | | | | | |  | |January |3.5-6.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | Very  | |February |3.5-6.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | Very  | |March |3.5-6.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | Very  | |April |4.5-6.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | Very  | |May | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | Very  | |June | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | Very  | |July | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | Very  | |August | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | Very  | |September | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | Very  | |October | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | Very  | |November | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | Very  | |December | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | Very  | | | | | | | | Px: | | | | | | | |  Pope----------------------| B | | | | | | |  | |January |3.5-6.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | Very  | |February |3.5-6.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | Very  | |March |3.5-6.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | Very  | |April |4.5-6.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | Very  | |May | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | Very  | |June | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | Very  | |July | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | Very  | |August | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | Very  | |September | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | Very  | |October | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | Very  | |November | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | Very  | |December | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | Very  | | | | | | | | 
684

Table 21.--Water Features--Continued

___________________________________________________________________________________________________ | | | Water table | Ponding |  | | |_______________|_____________________________|_______ Map symbol |Hydro-| | | |Surface| | |  and soil name |logic | Month | Upper | Lower | water | | |  |group | | limit | limit | depth | Duration |Frequency | Dura___________________________|______|__________|_______|_______|_______|__________|__________|_______ | | | Ft | Ft | Ft | | |  | | | | | | | | Pz: | | | | | | | |  Pope----------------------| B | | | | | | |  | |January |3.0-5.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None |Extreme | |February |3.0-5.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None |Extreme | |March |3.0-5.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None |Extreme | |April |3.0-5.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None |Extreme | |May |4.0-6.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None |Extreme | |June | --- | --- | --- | --- | None |Extreme | |July | --- | --- | --- | --- | None |Extreme | |August | --- | --- | --- | --- | None |Extreme | |September | --- | --- | --- | --- | None |Extreme | |October |4.0-6.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None |Extreme | |November |3.0-5.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None |Extreme | |December |3.0-5.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None |Extreme | | | | | | | |  Philo---------------------| B | | | | | | |  | |January |1.0-3.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None |Extreme | |February |1.0-3.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None |Extreme | |March |1.0-3.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None |Extreme | |April |1.0-3.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None |Extreme | |May |2.0-4.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None |Extreme | |June |3.0-6.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None |Extreme | |July |3.0-6.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None |Extreme | |August |3.0-6.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None |Extreme | |September |3.0-6.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None |Extreme | |October |2.0-4.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None |Extreme | |November |1.0-3.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None |Extreme | |December |1.0-3.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None |Extreme | | | | | | | | Qm: | | | | | | | |  Quarry, limestone. | | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | Qo: | | | | | | | |  Quarry, sandstone. | | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | Qs: | | | | | | | |  Quarry, shale. | | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | ReG: | | | | | | | |  Rock outcrop. | | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | |  Opequon-------------------| C |Jan-Dec | --- | --- | --- | --- | None |  | | | | | | | | 
685

Table 21.--Water Features--Continued

___________________________________________________________________________________________________ | | | Water table | Ponding |  | | |_______________|_____________________________|_______ Map symbol |Hydro-| | | |Surface| | |  and soil name |logic | Month | Upper | Lower | water | | |  |group | | limit | limit | depth | Duration |Frequency | Dura___________________________|______|__________|_______|_______|_______|__________|__________|_______ | | | Ft | Ft | Ft | | |  | | | | | | | | RgG: | | | | | | | |  Rock outcrop. | | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | |  Rough---------------------| D |Jan-Dec | --- | --- | --- | --- | None |  | | | | | | | | RuD: | | | | | | | |  Rushtown------------------| A |Jan-Dec | --- | --- | --- | --- | None |  | | | | | | | | RuF: | | | | | | | |  Rushtown------------------| A |Jan-Dec | --- | --- | --- | --- | None |  | | | | | | | | ShC: | | | | | | | |  Schaffenaker--------------| A |Jan-Dec | --- | --- | --- | --- | None |  | | | | | | | | SkF: | | | | | | | |  Schaffenaker--------------| A |Jan-Dec | --- | --- | --- | --- | None |  | | | | | | | |  Rock outcrop. | | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | SnE: | | | | | | | |  Schaffenaker--------------| A |Jan-Dec | --- | --- | --- | --- | None |  | | | | | | | |  Vanderlip-----------------| A |Jan-Dec | --- | --- | --- | --- | None |  | | | | | | | | SnF: | | | | | | | |  Schaffenaker--------------| A |Jan-Dec | --- | --- | --- | --- | None |  | | | | | | | |  Vanderlip-----------------| A |Jan-Dec | --- | --- | --- | --- | None |  | | | | | | | | SxC: | | | | | | | |  Sideling------------------| C | | | | | | |  | |January |2.5-3.5| >6.0 | --- | --- | None |  | |February |2.5-3.5| >6.0 | --- | --- | None |  | |March |2.5-3.5| >6.0 | --- | --- | None |  | |April |3.0-3.5| >6.0 | --- | --- | None |  | |November |3.0-3.5| >6.0 | --- | --- | None |  | |December |2.5-3.5| >6.0 | --- | --- | None |  | | | | | | | | SxE: | | | | | | | |  Sideling------------------| C | | | | | | |  | |January |2.5-3.5| >6.0 | --- | --- | None |  | |February |2.5-3.5| >6.0 | --- | --- | None |  | |March |2.5-3.5| >6.0 | --- | --- | None |  | |April |3.0-3.5| >6.0 | --- | --- | None |  | |November |3.0-3.5| >6.0 | --- | --- | None |  | |December |2.5-3.5| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | 
686

Table 21.--Water Features--Continued

___________________________________________________________________________________________________ | | | Water table | Ponding |  | | |_______________|_____________________________|_______ Map symbol |Hydro-| | | |Surface| | |  and soil name |logic | Month | Upper | Lower | water | | |  |group | | limit | limit | depth | Duration |Frequency | Dura___________________________|______|__________|_______|_______|_______|__________|__________|_______ | | | Ft | Ft | Ft | | |  | | | | | | | | SyE: | | | | | | | |  Sideling------------------| C | | | | | | |  | |January |2.5-3.5| >6.0 | --- | --- | None |  | |February |2.5-3.5| >6.0 | --- | --- | None |  | |March |2.5-3.5| >6.0 | --- | --- | None |  | |April |3.0-3.5| >6.0 | --- | --- | None |  | |November |3.0-3.5| >6.0 | --- | --- | None |  | |December |2.5-3.5| >6.0 | --- | --- | None |  | | | | | | | | Ta: | | | | | | | |  Tioga---------------------| B | | | | | | |  | |January |3.0-6.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | Br | |February |3.0-6.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | Br | |March |3.0-6.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | Br | |April |3.5-6.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | Br | |May | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | Br | |June | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | Br | |July | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | Br | |August | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | Br | |September | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | Br | |October | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | Br | |November | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | Br | |December | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | Br | | | | | | | | TyA: | | | | | | | |  Tygart--------------------| D | | | | | | |  | |January |0.5-1.5| >6.0 | --- | --- | None |  | |February |0.5-1.5| >6.0 | --- | --- | None |  | |March |0.5-1.5| >6.0 | --- | --- | None |  | |April |0.5-1.5| >6.0 | --- | --- | None |  | |May |1.2-1.5| >6.0 | --- | --- | None |  | |November |0.5-1.5| >6.0 | --- | --- | None |  | |December |0.5-1.5| >6.0 | --- | --- | None |  | | | | | | | | Ua: | | | | | | | |  Udorthents. | | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | Uu: | | | | | | | |  Urban land. | | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | |  Udorthents. | | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | WaB: | | | | | | | |  Weikert-------------------| C |Jan-Dec | --- | --- | --- | --- | None |  | | | | | | | | 
687

Table 21.--Water Features--Continued

___________________________________________________________________________________________________ | | | Water table | Ponding |  | | |_______________|_____________________________|_______ Map symbol |Hydro-| | | |Surface| | |  and soil name |logic | Month | Upper | Lower | water | | |  |group | | limit | limit | depth | Duration |Frequency | Dura___________________________|______|__________|_______|_______|_______|__________|__________|_______ | | | Ft | Ft | Ft | | |  | | | | | | | | WaC: | | | | | | | |  Weikert-------------------| C |Jan-Dec | --- | --- | --- | --- | None |  | | | | | | | | WbC: | | | | | | | |  Weikert-------------------| C |Jan-Dec | --- | --- | --- | --- | None |  | | | | | | | |  Berks---------------------| C |Jan-Dec | --- | --- | --- | --- | None |  | | | | | | | | WbD: | | | | | | | |  Weikert-------------------| C |Jan-Dec | --- | --- | --- | --- | None |  | | | | | | | |  Berks---------------------| C |Jan-Dec | --- | --- | --- | --- | None |  | | | | | | | | WkF: | | | | | | | |  Weikert-------------------| C |Jan-Dec | --- | --- | --- | --- | None |  | | | | | | | |  Berks---------------------| C |Jan-Dec | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | ___________________________|______|__________|_______|_______|_______|__________|__________|_______
Soil Survey of Morgan County, West Virginia

688

Table 22.--Classification of the Soils

______________________________________________________________________________________________________

 |

 Soil name | Family or higher taxonomic class

__________________________|___________________________________________________________________________

 |

 Allegheny----------------|Fine-loamy, mixed, semiactive, mesic Typic Hapludults

 Andover------------------|Fine-loamy, mixed, active, mesic Typic Fragiaquults

 Basher-------------------|Coarse-loamy, mixed, active, mesic Fluvaquentic Dystrudepts

 Berks--------------------|Loamy-skeletal, mixed, active, mesic Typic Dystrudepts

 Blackthorn---------------|Loamy-skeletal, mixed, semiactive, mesic Typic Hapludults

 Brinkerton---------------|Fine-silty, mixed, superactive, mesic Typic Fragiaqualfs

 Buchanan-----------------|Fine-loamy, mixed, semiactive, mesic Aquic Fragiudults

 Calvin-------------------|Loamy-skeletal, mixed, active, mesic Typic Dystrudepts

 Caneyville---------------|Fine, mixed, active, mesic Typic Hapludalfs

 Cavode-------------------|Fine, mixed, active, mesic Aeric Endoaquults

 Clarksburg---------------|Fine-loamy, mixed, superactive, mesic Oxyaquic Fragiudalfs

 Clearbrook---------------|Loamy-skeletal, mixed, active, mesic Aeric Epiaquults

 Combs--------------------|Coarse-loamy, mixed, active, mesic Fluventic Hapludolls

 Dekalb-------------------|Loamy-skeletal, siliceous, active, mesic Typic Dystrudepts

 Downsville---------------|Loamy-skeletal, mixed, active, mesic Typic Paleudults

 Dunning------------------|Fine, mixed, active, mesic Fluvaquentic Endoaquolls

 Ernest-------------------|Fine-loamy, mixed, superactive, mesic Aquic Fragiudults

 Hazleton-----------------|Loamy-skeletal, siliceous, active, mesic Typic Dystrudepts

 Holly--------------------|Fine-loamy, mixed, active, nonacid, mesic Fluvaquentic Endoaquepts

 Hustontown---------------|Fine-loamy, mixed, active, mesic Oxyaquic Fragiudalfs

 Klinesville--------------|Loamy-skeletal, mixed, active, mesic Lithic Dystrudepts

 Lehew--------------------|Loamy-skeletal, siliceous, semiactive, mesic Typic Dystrudepts

 Lindside-----------------|Fine-silty, mixed, active, mesic Fluvaquentic Eutrudepts

 Litz---------------------|Loamy-skeletal, mixed, active, mesic Ruptic-Ultic Dystrudepts

 Melvin-------------------|Fine-silty, mixed, active, nonacid, mesic Fluvaquentic Endoaquepts

 Monongahela--------------|Fine-loamy, mixed, semiactive, mesic Typic Fragiudults

 Murrill------------------|Fine-loamy, mixed, semiactive, mesic Typic Hapludults

 Opequon------------------|Clayey, mixed, active, mesic Lithic Hapludalfs

 Philo--------------------|Coarse-loamy, mixed, active, mesic Fluvaquentic Dystrudepts

 Pope---------------------|Coarse-loamy, mixed, active, mesic Fluventic Dystrudepts

 Rough--------------------|Loamy, mixed, active, acid, mesic Lithic Udorthents

 Rushtown-----------------|Loamy-skeletal over fragmental, mixed, active, mesic Typic Dystrudepts

 Schaffenaker-------------|Mesic, coated Typic Quartzipsamments

 Sideling-----------------|Fine-loamy, siliceous, semiactive, mesic Oxyaquic Hapludults

 Tioga--------------------|Coarse-loamy, mixed, active, mesic Dystric Fluventic Eutrudepts

 Tygart-------------------|Fine, mixed, semiactive, mesic Aeric Endoaquults

 Udorthents---------------|Udorthents

 Vanderlip----------------|Mesic, coated Lamellic Quartzipsamments

 Weikert------------------|Loamy-skeletal, mixed, active, mesic Lithic Dystrudepts

__________________________|___________________________________________________________________________
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