DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR

HUBERT WORK, Secretary

UNITED STATES GEOLOGICAL SURVEY

GEORGE OTIS SMITH, Director

Water-Supply Paper 524

SURFACE WATER SUPPLY OF THE 

UNITED STATES

1921

PART IV. ST. LAWRENCE RIVER BASIN

NATHAN C. GROVER, Chief Hydraulic Engineer

S. B. SOULE, A. H. HORTON, C. C. COVERT, and C. H. PIERCE, District Engineers

Prepared in cooperation with the States of 

WISCONSIN, NEW YORK, and VERMONT

WASHINGTON

GOVERNMENT FEINTING OFFICE 

1923
ADDITIONAL COPIES

OF THIS PUBLICATION MAT BE PROCURED FROM

THE SUPERINTENDENT OF DOCUMENTS

GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE

WASHINGTON, D. C.

AT

10 CENTS PER COPY

PURCHASER AGEEES NOT TO RESELL OR DISTRIBUTE THIS 

COPT FOR PROFIT. PUB. RES. 57, APPROVED MAY 11, 1922
CONTENTS.

Page.

Authorization and scope of work........................................... 1

Definition of terms......................................................... 2

Explanation of data........................................................ 3

Accuracy of field data and computed results................................ 4

Publications.............................................................. 5

Cooperation................................................................ 9

Division of work.......................................................... 9

Oaging-station records...................................................... 10

Streams tributary to Lake Superior...................................... 10

Bad River near Odanah, Wis....................................... 10

Montreal River at Ironwood, Mich.................................. 12

West Branch of Montreal River at Gile, Wis........................ 14

Streams tributary to Lake Michigan.................................... 15

Menominee River at Twin Falls, near Iron Mountain, Mich.......... 15

Menominee River below Koss, Mich................................. 17

Pine River near Florence, Wis...................................... 19

Pike River at Amberg, Wis......................................... 20

Peshtigo River at High Falls, near Crivitz, Wis...................... 22

Oconto River near Gillett, Wis...................................... 24

Fox River at Berlin, Wis.......................................... 25

Fox River at Rapide Croche dam, near Wrightstown, Wis............. 27

Wolf River at Keshena, Wis....................................... 28

Wolf River at New London, Wis................................... 30

Embarrass River near Embarrass, Wis.............................. 32

Little Wolf River at Royalton, Wis.................................. . 33

Waupaca River near Waupaca, Wis.............................'..... 35

Sheboygan River near Sheboygan, Wie.............................. 37

Milwaukee River near Milwaukee, Wis.............................. 39

Little Calumet River at Harvey, 111................................. 40

Streams tributary to Lake Huron....................................... 42

Tittawabassee River at Freeland, Mich............................ 42

Streams tributary to Lake Erie......................................... 43

Huron River at Barton, Mich...................................... 43

Huron River at Flat Rock, Mich............:....................... 44

Cattaraugus Creek at Versailles, N. Y............................... 45

Streams tributary to Lake Ontario...................................... 47

Little Tonawanda Creek at Linden, N. Y............................ 47

Barge Canal at Lock 30, Macedon, N. Y............................ 48

Barge Canal at Lock 32, Pittsford, N. Y............................. 49

Genesee River at Scio, N. Y......................................... 50

Genesee River at St. Helena, N. Y.......................... T"...... 52

Genesee River at Jones Bridge, near Mount Morris, N. Y............ 54

Genesee River at Driving Park Avenue, Rochester, N. Y............ 56

Canaseraga Creek near Dansville, N. Y.............................. 58

Canaseraga Creek at Shakers Crossing, N. Y......................... 60

in
IV CONTENTS.

Gaging-station records Continued.

Streams tributary to Lake Ontario Continued. Page.

Keshequa Creek at Craig Colony, Sonyea, N. Y..................... 61

Oonesus Creek near Lakeville, N. Y................................. 63

Canadice Lake outlet near Hemlock, N. Y.......................... 64

Owasco Lake outlet near Auburn, N. Y............................. 65

Black River near Boonville, N. Y................................... 67

Black River at Watertown, N. Y................................... 69

Forestport feeder near Boonville, N. Y............................. 71

Black River canal (flowing south) near Boonville, N. Y.............. 73

Moose River at Moose River, N. Y................................. 74

Middle Branch of Moose River at Old Forge, N. Y.................. 76

Beaver River at State dam, near Beaver River, N. Y................ 77

Beaver River at Eagle Falls, near Number Four, N. Y............... 79

Streams tributary to St. Lawrence River................................ 80

East Branch of Oswegatchie River at Newton Falls, N. Y............ 80

Oswegatchie River near Heuvelton, N. Y............................ 81

West Branch of Oswegatchie River near Harrisville, N. Y............ 83

Raquette River at Piercefield, N. Y................................. 85

St. Regis River at Brasher Center, N. Y............................ 87

Richelieu River at Fort Montgomery, Rouses Point, N. Y........... 89

Saranac River near Plattsburg, N. Y............................... 90

West Branch of Ausable River near Newman, N. Y................. 91

Ausable River at Ausable Forks, N. Y.............................. 93

Lake George at Rogers Rock, N. Y.................................. 95

Lake George at Glen Island, near Bolton Landing, N. Y............. 95

Lake Champlain at Burlington, Vt.................................. 96

Winooski River at Montpelier, Vt.................................. 97

Mollys Brook near Marshfield, Vt.................................. 99

Jail Brook at East Barre, Vt. ...................................... 101

Lamoille River at Cadys Falls, Vt................................... 103

Green River at Garfield, Vt......................................... 105

Missisquoi River near Richford, Vt.................................. 106

Clyde River at West Derby, Vt..................................... 108

Miscellaneous measurements................................................ 110

Index.................................................................... Ill

ILLUSTRATIONS.

Page. 

PLATE I. A, Price current meters; B, Typical gaging station................. 2

II. Water-stage recorders: A, Stevens continuous; B, Gurley printing;

C, Friez...................................................... 3
SURFACE WATEE SUPPLY OF ST. LAWRENCE 

RIVER BASIN, 1921.

AUTHORIZATION AND SCOPE OF WORK.

This volume is one of a series of 14 reports presenting records of 

measurements of flow made on streams in the United States during 

the year ending September 30, 1921.

The data presented in these reports were collected by the United 

States Geological Survey under the following authority contained in 

the organic law (20 Stat. L., p. 394):

Provided, That this officer [the Director] shall have the direction of the Geological 

Survey and the classification of public lands and examination of the geological structure, mineral resources, and products of the national domain.

The work was begun in 1888 in connection with special studies 

relating to irrigation in the arid West. Since the fiscal year ending 

June 30, 1895, successive sundry civil bills passed by Congress have 

carried the following item and appropriations:

For gaging the streams and determining the water supply of the United States, and 

for the investigation of underground currents and artesian wells, and for the preparation of reports upon the best methods of utilizing the water resources.

Annual appropriations for the fiscal years ending June 30, 1895-1922.

1895. ................................................... |12, 500.00

1896.................................................... 20, 000.00

1897 to 1900, inclusive.................................... 50, 000.00

1901 to 1902, inclusive.................................... 100, 000.00

1903 to 1906,inclusive.................................... 200, 000.00

1907.................................................... 150, 000.00

1908 to 1910, inclusive.................................... 100, 000.00

1911 to 1917, inclusive.................................... 150, 000.00

1918. ................................................... 175, 000.00

1919. ................................................... 148, 244.10

1920. ................................................... 175, 000.00

1921. ................................................... 180, 000.00

1922. .................................................... 180, 000.00

In the execution of the work many private and State organizations 

have cooperated, either by furnishing data or by assisting in collecting data. Acknowledgments for cooperation of the first kind are

l
2 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1921, PART IV.

made in connection with the description of each station affected; cooperation of the second kind is acknowledged on page 9.

Measurements of stream flow have been made at about 5,200 points 

in the United States and also at many points in Alaska and the 

Hawaiian Islands. In July, 1921, 1,350 gaging stations were being 

maintained by the Survey and the cooperating organizations. Many 

miscellaneous discharge measurements were made at other points. In 

connection with this work data were also collected in regard to precipitation, evaporation, storage reservoirs, river profiles, and water 

power in many sections of the country and will be made available in 

water-supply papers from time to time.

DEFINITION OF TERMS.

The volume of water flowing in a stream the "run-off" or "discharge" is expressed in various terms, each of which has become 

associated with a certain class of work. These terms may be divided 

into two groups (1) those that represent a rate of flow, as secondfeet, gallons per minute, miners' inches, and discharge in secondfeet per square mile, and (2) those that represent the actual quantity 

of water, as run-off in inches, acre-feet, and millions of cubic feet. 

The principal terms used in this series of reports are second-feet, 

second-feet per square mile, run-off in inches, and acre-feet. They 

may be defined as follows:

"Second-feet" is an abbreviation for "cubic feet per second." 

A second-foot is the rate of discharge of water flowing in a channel 

of rectangular cross section 1 foot wide and 1 foot deep at an average 

velocity of 1 foot per second. It is generally used as a fundamental 

unit from which others are computed.

"Second-feet per square mile" is the average number of cubic feet 

of water flowing per second from each square mile of area drained, 

on the assumption that the run-off is distributed uniformly both as 

regards time and area.

"Run-off in inches" is the depth to which an area would be cov-^ 

ered if all the water flowing from it in a given period were uniformly 

distributed on the surface. It is used for comparing run-off with 

rainfall, which is usually expressed in depth in inches.

An "acre-foot," equivalent to 43,560 cubic feet, is the quantity 

required to cover an acre to the depth of 1 foot. The term is commonly used in connection with storage for irrigation.

The following terms not in common use are here defined:

"Stage-discharge relation," an abbreviation for the term "relation 

of gage height to discharge/'

"Control," a term used to designate the section or sections of the 

stream channel below the gage which determine the stage-discharge
U. S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY WATER-SUPPLY PAPER 524 PLATE I

A. PRICE CURRENT METERS.

B. TYPICAL GAGING STATION.
U. 8. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY WATER-SUPPLY PAPER 524 PLATE II

A. STEVENS CONTINUOUS. B, GURLEY PRINTING.

WATER-STAGE RECORDERS.

C. FRIEZ.
EXPLANATION OF DATA. $

relation at the gage. It should be noted that the control may not 

be the same section or sections at all stages.

The "point of zero flow" for a gaging station is that point on the 

gage the gage height at which water ceases to flow over the control.

EXPLANATION OF DATA.

The data presented in this report cover the year beginning October 

1,1920, and ending September 30,1921. At the beginning of January 

in most parts of the United States much of the precipitation in the 

preceding three months is stored as ground water, in the form of 

snow or ice, or in ponds, lakes, and swamps, and this stored water 

passes off in the streams during the spring break-up. At the end of 

September, on the other hand, the only stored water available for 

run-off is possibly a small quantity in the ground; therefore the runoff for the year beginning October 1 is practically all derived from 

precipitation within that year.

The base data collected at gaging stations consist of records of 

stage, measurements of discharge, and general information used to 

supplement the gage heights and discharge measurements in determining the daily flow. The records of stage are obtained either from 

direct readings on a staff or chain gage or from a water-stage recorder 

that gives a continuous record of the fluctuations. Measurements of 

discharge are made with a current meter. (See Pis. I, II.) The 

general methods are outlined in standard textbooks on the measurement of river discharge.

From the discharge measurements rating tables are prepared that 

give the discharge for any stage. The application of the daily gage 

heights to these rating tables gives the daily discharge from which 

the monthly and yearly mean discharge is computed.

The data presented for each gaging station in the area covered by 

this report comprise a description of the station, a table giving 

records of discharge measurements, a table showing the daily discharge of the stream, and a table of monthly and yearly discharge 

and run-off.

If the base data are insufficient to determine the daily discharge, 

tables giving daily gage height and records of discharge measuremerits are published.

The description of the station gives, in addition to statements 

regarding location and equipment, information in regard to any 

conditions that-may affect the permanence of the stage-discharge 

relation, covering such subjects as the occurrence of ice, the use of the 

stream for log driving, shifting of control, and the cause and effect 

of backwater; it gives also information as to diversions that decrease 

the flow at the gage, artificial regulation, maximum and minimum 

recorded stages, and the accuracy of the records.
4 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1921, PART IV.

The table of daily discharge gives, in general, the discharge in 

second-feet corresponding to the mean of the gage heights read each 

day. At stations on streams subject to sudden or rapid diurnal 

fluctuations the discharge obtained from the rating table and the 

mean daily gage height may not be the true mean discharge for the 

day. If such stations are equipped with water-stage recorders the 

mean daily discharge may be obtained by averaging discharge at 

regular intervals during the day or by using the discharge integrator, 

an instrument operating on the principle of the planimeter and containing as an essential element the rating curve of the station.

In the table of monthly discharge the column headed "Maximum" 

gives the mean flow for the day when the mean gage height was 

highest. As the gage height is the mean for the day it does not indicate correctly the stage when the water surface was at crest height 

and the corresponding discharge was consequently larger than given 

in the maximum column. Likewise, in the column headed "Minimum" the quantity given is the mean flow for the day when the mean 

gage height was lowest. The column headed "Mean" is the average 

flow in cubic feet per second during the month. On this average flow 

computations recorded in the remaining columns, which are defined 

on page 2, are based.

ACCURACY OF FIELD DATA AND COMPUTED RESULTS.

The accuracy of stream-flow data depends primarily (1) on the 

permanency of the stage-discharge relation and (2) on the accuracy 

of observation of stage, measurements of flow, and interpretation of 

records.

A paragraph in the description of the station gives information 

regarding the (1) permanence of the stage-discharge relation, (2) 

precision with which the discharge rating curve is defined, (3) refinement of gage readings, (4) frequency of gage readings, and (5) 

methods of applying daily gage height to the rating table to obtain 

the daily discharge.

For the rating tables "well defined" indicates, in general, that the 

rating is probably accurate within 5 per cent; "fairly well defined," 

within 10 per cent; "poorly defined," within 15 to 25 per cent. These 

notes are very general and are based on the plotting of the individual 

measurements with reference to the mean rating curve.

The monthly means for any station may represent with high 

accuracy the quantity of water flowing past the gage, but the figures 

showing discharge per square mile and run-off in inches may be 

subject to gross errors caused by the inclusion of large noncontributing districts in the measured drainage area, by lack of information 

concerning water diverted for irrigation or other use, or by inability
ACCURACY OF FIELD DATA AND COMPUTED RESULTS. fr

to interpret the effect of artificial regulation of the flow'bf the river 

above the station. "Second-feet per square mile" and "run-off in 

inches" are therefore not computed if such errors appear probable. 

The computations are also omitted for stations on streams draining 

areas in which the annual rainfall is less than 20 inches. All figures 

representing "second-feet per square mile" and "run-off in inches" 

published in the earlier reports by the Survey should be used with 

caution because of possible inherent sources of error not known to 

the Survey.

Many gaging stations on streams in the irrigated areas of the United 

States are situated above most of the diversions from those streams, 

and the discharge recorded does not show the water supply available 

for further development, as prior appropriations below the stations 

must first be satisfied. To give an idea of the amount of prior appropriations, a paragraph on diversions is presented in each station 

description. The figures given can not be considered exact but 

represent the best information available.

The tables of monthly discharge give only a general idea of the 

flow at the station and should not be used for other than preliminary 

estimates; the tables of daily discharge allow more detailed studies 

of the variation in flow. It should be borne in mind, however, that 

the observations in each succeeding year may be expected to throw 

new light on data previeusly published.

PUBLICATIONS.

Investigation of water resources by the United States Geological 

Survey has consisted in large part of measurements of the volume of 

flow of streams and studies of the conditions affecting that flow, but 

it has comprised also investigation of such closely allied subjects as 

irrigation, water storage, water powers, ground waters, and quality of 

waters. Most of the results of these investigations have been published in the series of water-supply papers, but some have appeared in 

the monographs, bulletins, professional papers, and annual reports.

The results of stream-flow measurements are now published annually in 12 parts, each part covering an area whose boundaries 

coincide with natural drainage features as indicated below:

Part I. North Atlantic slope basins.

U. South. Atlantic slope and eastern Gulf of Mexico basins.

III. Ohio River basin.

IV. St. Lawrence River basin.

V. Upper Mississippi River and Hudson Bay basins. 

VI. Missouri River basin.

VII. Lower Mississippi River basin.

VIII. Western Gulf of Mexico basins.

I.. Colorado River basin. 

X. Great Basin.
6 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1921, PART IV.

Part XI. Pacific slope basins in California.

XII. North Pacific slope basins, in three parts:

, A, Pacific slope basins in Washington and upper Columbia River basin. 

B, Snake Eiver basin. 

C, Lower Columbia River basin and Pacific slope basins in Oregon.

Water-supply papers and other publications of the United States 

Geological Survey containing data in regard to the water resources 

of the United States may be obtained or consulted as indicated below.

1. Copies may be obtained free of charge by applying to the 

Director of the Geological Survey, Washington, D. C. The edition 

printed for free distribution is, however, small and is soon exhausted.

2. Copies may be purchased at nominal cost from the Superintendent of Documents, Government Printing Office, Washington, 

D, C., who will, on application, furnish lists giving prices.

3. Sets of the reports may be consulted in the libraries of the 

principal cities of the United States.

4. Complete sets are available for consultation in the local offices 

of the water-resources branch of the Geological Survey, as follows :

Boston, Mass., 2500 Customhouse.

Albany, N. Y., 704 Journal Building.

Trenton, N. J., State House.

Asheville, N. C., 33-35 Broadway.

Chattanooga, Tenn., 37 Municipal Building.

Columbus, Ohio, Orton Hall, Ohio State University.

Chicago, 111., 1404 Kimball Building.

Madison, Wis., care of Railroad Commission of Wisconsin.

Ames, Iowa, 103 Engineering Hall, Iowa State College.

Rolla, Mo., Holla Building, School of Mines.

Topeka, Kans., 23 Federal Building.

Helena, Mont., 52 Montana National Bank Building.

Denver, Colo., 403 Post OfEce Building.

Salt Lake City, Utah, 313 Federal Building.

Idaho Falls, Idaho, 228 Federal Building.

Boise, Idaho, 615 Idaho Building.

Tacoma, Wash., 406 Federal Building.

Portland, Oreg., 606 Post Office Building.

San Francisco, Calif., 328 Customhouse.

Los Angeles, Calif., 602 Federal Building.

Tucson, Ariz., 210 Agricultural Building, University of Arizona.

Austin, Tex., State Capitol.

Honolulu, Hawaii, 25 Capitol Building.

A list of the Geological Survey's publications may be obtained by 

applying to the Director, United States Geological Survey, Washington, D. C.

Stream-flow records have been obtained at about 5,200 points in 

the United States, and the data obtained have been published in the 

reports tabulated on pages 7-8.
PUBLICATIONS.

Stream-flow data in reports of the United States Geological Survey. 

[A=»Annual Report; B=Bulletin; W=Water-Supply Papers]

Report. Character of data.

10th A, pt. 2........ Descriptive information only......._._.....___

llth A,pt. 2........ Monthly discharge and descriptive information.................... 1884 to Sept.,

1890. 

12th A, pt.2........]..... do............................................................ 1884toJune30,

1891. 

13th A, pt. 3........ Mean discharge in second-feet..................................... 1884 to Dec. 31,

1892. 

14th A, pt.2........ Monthly discharge (long-time records, 1871 to 1893)................ 1888 to Dec. 31,

1893. 

B 131............... Descriptions, measurements, gage heights, and ratings............ 1893 and 1894.

16th A, pt. 2........ Descriptive information only......................................

B 140............... Descriptions, measurements, gage heights, ratings, and monthly 1895.

discharge (also many data covering earlier years). 

W 11................ Gage heights (also gage heights for earlier years)................... 1896.

18th A, pt. 4........ Descriptions, measurements, ratings, and monthly discharge 1895 and 1896.

(also similar data for some earlier years). 

"W 15............... Descriptions, measurements, and gage heights, eastern United 1897.

States, eastern Mississippi River, and Missouri River above

junction with Kansas. 

W16................ Descriptions, measurements, and gage heights, western Missis- 1897.

sippi River below junction of Missouri and Platte, and western United States. 

19th A, pt. 4........ Descriptions, measurements, ratings, and monthly discharge (also 1897.

some long-time records). 

W 27................ Measurements; ratings, and gage heights, eastern United States, 1898.

eastern Mississippi River, and Missouri River. 

W 28................ Measurements, ratings, and gage heights, Arkansas River and 1898.

western United States. 

: 20th A, pt. 4........ Monthly discharge (also for many earlier years)................... 1898.

W 35 to 39.......... Descriptions, measurements, gage heights, and ratings............ 1899.

 21st A, pt. 4........ Monthly discharge................................................ 1899.

W 47 to 52.......... Descriptions, measurements, gage heights, and ratings............ 1900.

22d A, pt. 4......... Monthly discharge................................................ 1900.

W 65, 66............ Descriptions, measurements, gage heights, and ratings............ 1901.

W 75................ Monthly discharge................................................ 1901.

W 82 to 85.......... Complete data.................................................... 1902.

W 97 to 100......... .....do............................................................ 1903.

W 124 to 135........ .....do............................................................ 1904.

W 165to 178........ .....do............................................................ 1905.

W 201 to 214........ .....do............................................................ 1906.

W 241 to 252........ .....do............................................................ 1907-8.

W 261 to 272........ .....do............................................................ 1909.

W 281 to 292........ .....do............................................................ 1910.

W301to312........ .....do........................ ................................... 1911.

W 321 to 332........ .....do............................................................ 1912.

W 351 to 362........ .....do.......................................................... 1913.

W381 to 394........ .....do............................................................ 1914.

W 401 to 414........ .....do............................................................ 1915.

W 431 to 444........ .....do............................................................ 1916.

W451 to 464........ .....do................................... \........................ 1917.

W 471 to 484........ .....do............................................................ 1918.

W 501 to 514........ .....do............................................................ 1919-20.

W 521 to 534........ .....do............................................................ 1921.

Year.

The records at most of the stations discussed in these reports

-extend over a series of years, and miscellaneous measurements at 

many points other than regular gaging stations have been made 

each year. An index of the reports containing records obtained 

prior to 1904 has been published in Water-Supply Paper 119.

The following table gives, by years and drainage basins, the numbers of the papers on surface-water supply published from 1899 to 

1921. The data for any particular station will be found* in the reports covering the years during which the station was maintained. 

For example,'data for Machias River at Whitneyville, Maine, 1903 

to 1921, are published in Water-Supply Papers 97, 124, 165, 201, 241, 

261, 281, 301, 321, 351, 381, 401, 431, 451, 471, 501, and 521, which

 contain records for the New England streams from 1903 to 1921. 

Results of miscellaneous measurements are published by drainage 

' basins. i
Numbers of water-supply papers containing results of stream m

Year.

18990.... 

19009.... 

1901......

1902......

1903......

1904......

1905. .....

1906. .....

1907-8. . . . 

1909. .....

1910......

1911......

1912......

1913......

1914......

1915......

1916......

1917......

1918......

1919-20... 

1921......

I

North 

Atlantic 

slope 

basins 

(St. John 

River to 

York 

River).

35 

47, ft 48 

65,75 

82 

97 

n 124, o 125, 

P126 

n 165, o 106, 

P 167 

« 201, o 202, 

P 203 

241 

261 

281 

301 

321 

351 

381 

401 

431 

451 

471 

501 

521

II

South 

Atlantic 

and 

eastern 

 Gulf 

of Mexico 

(James , River to 

the Mississippi).

b 35, 36 

48 

65,75 

682,83 

& 97,98 

P 126, 127

P 167, 168 

P 203, 204

242 

262 

282 

302 

322 

352 

382 

402 

432 

452 

472 

502 

522

III

Ohio 

River 

basin.

36

48, < 49 

65, 75 

83 

98

128

169 

205

243 

263 

283 

303 

323 

353 

3S3 

403 

433 

453 

473 

503 

523

IV

St. 

Lawrence 

River and 

Great 

Lakes 

basins.

36 

49 

65, 75

t 82, 83 

97 

129

170 

206

244 

264 

284 

304 

324 

354 

384 

401 

434 

454 

474 

504 

524

V

Hudson 

Bay and 

upper 

Mississippi 

River 

basins.

36 

49 

* 65, 66, 75 

* 83, 85 

* 98,99,"»100 

**128, 130

171 

207

245 

265 

285 

305 

325 

355 

385 

405 

435 

455 

475 

505 

525

VI

Missouri 

River 

basin.

c 36, 37 

49, i 50 

66, 75 

84 

99 

130.7131

172 

208

246 

266 

286 

306 

326 

356 

386 

406 

436 

456 

476 

506 

526

VII

Lower 

Mississippi 

River 

basin.

37 

50 

* 65, 66, 75 

*83,84 

* 98, 99 

* 128, 131

* 169, 173 

* 205, 209

247 

267 

287 

307 

327 

357 

387 

407 

437 

457 

477 

507 

527

VIII

Western 

Gulf of 

Mexico 

basins .

37 

50 

66,75 

84 

99 

132

174 

210

248 

268 

288 

308 

328 

358 

388 

408 

438 

458 

478 

508 

528

I

Col

R

ba

<*

175, 

a Rating tables and index to Water-Supply Papers 35-39 contained in Water-Supply 

Paper 39. Table?of monthly discharge for 1899 in Twenty-first Annual Report, Part IV.

b James River only.

c Gallatin River.

d Green and Gunnison rivers and Grand River above junction with Gimnison.

e Mohave River only.

/ Kings and Kern rivers and south Pacific slope basins.

9 Rating tables and index to Water-Supply Papers 47-52 and data on precipitation, 

wells, and irrigation in California and Utah contained in Water-Supply Paper 52. 

Tables of monthlv discharge for 1900 in Twenty-second Annual Report, Part IV.

ft'Wissahickon and Schuylt'li rivers to James River.

i Scioto River.

J Loup and Platte 

Platte.

* Tributaries of Mi

i Lake Ontario an

in Hudson Bay only

» New England riv

. o Hudson River to 

P Susquehanna Riv

9 Platte and Kans

r Gceat Basin in C

« Below junction w

' Rogue, Umpqua
SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1921, PART IV. 9 

COOPERATION.

The work in Wisconsin during the year ending September 30, 1921, 

was done in cooperation with the Railroad Commission of Wisconsin, 

C. M. Larson, chief engineer, and at certain stations in cooperation 

with the following organizations: Peninsular Power Co., D. W. Mead, 

consulting engineer (Menominee River at Twin Falls, near Iron 

Mountain, Mich.); Menominee & Marinette Light & Traction Co., 

Edward Daniell, general manager (Menominee River below KossMich.); United States Engineer Corps (Fox Rive^ at Berlin and at 

Rapide Croche dam and Wolf River at New London).

The gage reader for Huron River at Flat Rock, Mich., was paid 

by Gardner S. Williams.

The station on Little Calumet River at Harvey, 111., was maintained in cooperation with the division of waterways of the Illinois 

Department of Public Works and Buildings, W. L. Sackett, superintendent. The gage reader was paid by the Sanitary District of 

Chicago.

The work in New York has been carried on in, cooperation with 

the State, and'at certain stations in cooperation with the following 

organizations: Rochester Gas & Electric Corporation (Genesee 

River at Driving Park Avenue, Rochester, N. Y.); the city of Rochester (Conesus Creek near Lakeville, N. Y., and Canadice Lake 

outlet near Hemlock, N. Y.); the Black River Regulating District 

(Black River at Watertown, N. Y.); Beaver River Power Corporation (Beaver River at Eagle Falls, near Number Four, N. Y.); 

International Paper Co. (Raquette River at Piercefield, N. Y., and 

Lake George at Rogers Rock, N. Y.); Plattsburg Gas & Electric Co. 

(Saranac River near Plattsburg, N. Y.).

The work in Vermont has been carried on in cooperation with the 

State, the cooperating official being Herbert M. Mclntosh, State 

engineer. The following organizations and individuals cooperated 

in maintaining one or more gaging stations: Montpelier & Barre 

Light & Power Co. (Mollys Brook near Marshfield and Jail Brook at 

East 9arre); Charles T. Middlebrook (Green River at Garfield); and 

Newport Electric Light Co. (Clyde River at West Derby).

DIVISION OF WORK.

Data for stations in the Lake Superior and Lake Michigan drainage 

basins in Wisconsin were collected and prepared for publication 

under the direction of S. B. Soule, district engineer, assisted by S. R. 

Collins, Arthur O. Olson, and Glenn Rittenberg.

Data for the station on Little Calumet River at Harvey, 111., were 

collected and prepared for publication by H. E. Grosbach, district 

engineer; for Huron River at Flat Rock, Mich., by G. C. Stevens 

and A. H. Horton, district engineers.'
10 SURFACE WATEK SUPPLY, 1921, PART IV.

Data for stations in the St. Lawrence drainage basin in New York 

were collected and prepared for publication under the direction 

of C. C. Covert, district engineer, assisted by A. W. Harrington, 

E. B. Shupe, B. F. Howe, Otto Lauterhahn, S. M. Currier, and 

Bessie I. Gould.

Data for stations in Vermont were collected and prepared for 

publication under the direction of C. H. Pierce, district engineer, 

assisted by J. L. Lamson, W. E. Armstrong, and L. H. McCarthy.

The manuscript was assembled and reviewed by B. J. Peterson.

GAGING-STATION RECORDS.

STREAMS TRIBUTARY TO LAKE SUPERIOR.

BAD RIVER NEAR ODANAH, WIS.

LOCATION. In sec. 25, T. 47 N., R. 3 W., 8 miles upstream from Odanah, Ashland 

County, 12 miles above mouth. Potato River enters 8 miles above station.

DRAINAGE ABBA. 607 square miles (measured on map issued by Wisconsin Geological and Natural History Survey, edition of 1911; scale, 1 inch=6 miles.)

RECORDS AVAILABLE. July 31,1914, to September 30, 1921.

GAOE. Stevens continuous water-stage recorder installed March 31, 1915, over a 

wooden well, just above the first falla in the river above the mouth; a Gurley 

water-stage recorder at the same site was used July 31, 1914, to March 31, 1915.

DISCHARGE MEASUREMENTS. Made from a cable or by wading.

CHANNEL AND CONTROL. Bed composed of sand and gravel. Rock outcrop at the 

beginning of rapids about 200 feet below the gage forms a permanent control. 

During log-driving periods logs may collect on the outcrop and cause backwater 

at the gage. Right bank high, not subject to overflow; left bank of medium 

height and may be overflowed during extremely high water.

EXTREMES OP DISCHARGE. Maximum stage recorded during year, 5.43 feet at 3 p. m. 

April 28 (discharge, 8,010 second-feet); minimum stage, 0.85 foot at 3 p. m. October 4 (discharge, 100 second-feet).

1914-1921: Maximum stage recorded, 6.66 feet at 1 a. m. April 22, 1916 (discharge, 12,200 second-feet); minimum open-water stage, 0.82 foot during 

afternoon of August 27, 1918 (discharge, about 88 second-feet).

ICE. Stage-discharge relation seriously affected by ice.

REGULATION. A number of small reservoirs are operated during the early spring and 

summer to aid log driving. During such periods the stage may fluctuate rapidly.

ACCURACY. Stage-discharge relation permanent, except when affected by ice. Rating curve well defined between 80 and 7,270 second-feet; above 7,270, secondfeet extended and may be subject to considerable error. Operation of water-stage 

recorder satisfactory during open-water periods, except November 10-24 and 

September 3-13; recorder not in operation December 19 to April 8. Daily disdischarge ascertained by applying to rating table mean daily gage height obtained 

by inspection of recorder graph. Open-water records good; winter records fair.

Discharge measurements of Bad River near Odanah, Wis., during the year ending Sept.

SO, 1921.

Date.

Dec. 31

Feb. 5

Made by 

S.R.Collins. ..........

.....do.................

Gage 

height.

Feel. 

01.60

ol.97

Discharge.

Sec.-ft. 

168

132

Date.

'Mar. 5

Aug. 18

Made by 

S.R.Collins...........

Gage 

height.

Feet, 

al.99

.98

Discharge.

Sec.-tt. 

201

158

Stage-discharge relation affected by ice.
STKBAMS TRIBUTARY TO LAKE SUPERIOR. , 11 

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Bad River near Odanah, Wis.,for the year ending Sept.

Day.

1..............

2..............

3..............

4..............

5..............

...............

7..............

8..............

9..............

10..............

11..............

12..............

13..............

14..............

15..............

16..............

17..............

18..............

19..............

20..............

21..............

22..............

23..............

24..............

25..............

26..............

27..............

28..............

29..............

30..............

31..............

Oct.

120

120

112

112

112

112

112

108

108

108

104

104

112

219

348

478

449

101

348

342

414

526

502

428

361

317

323

414

414

394

354

Nov.

342

361

478

494

494

478

456

387

407

370

335

317

329

335

354

380

Dec.

342

435

449

442

428

394

299

264

299

ill

258

275

305

348

374

220

Jan.

155

115

Feb.

140

150

Mar.

225

1,790

Apr.

2,860

2,200

1,680

1,330

1,110

1,000

870

840

750

676

622

550

526

510

494

486

494

510

1,370

2,200

7,270

5,610

3,620

May.

2,770

2,030

1,570

1,220

1,050

870

790

595

550

4Q1

463

442

435

421

400

380

387

361

335

329

317

305

305

305

305

258

214

203

209

335

880

June.

850

685

534

387

317

299

380

760

810

750

676

559

494

394

329

287

258

193

183

162

193

183

162

153

153

144

116

116

129

125

July.

112

470

712

1,010

950

694

1,140

3,220

2,770

2,020

1,300

830

595

960

930

730

534

421

368

305

264

236

214

203

177

177

225

258

258

236

214

Aug.

203

198

188

183

158

139

134

129

129

129

139

148

158

203

219

225

225

158

158

153

144

153

153

148

148

153

153

162

167

167

162

Sept.

188

177

165

158

162

172

172

172

177

177

 18$

258

368

380

380

380

380

374

354

335

NOTE. Discharge, Dec. 19 to Apr. 8, estimated because of ice from discharge measurements, weather 

records, and comparison with records of flow in adjacent drainage basins. Discharge, Nov. 10-24 and 

Sept. 3-13, based on records of flow in adjacent drainage basin. Braced figures show mean discharge fof 

periods included.

Monthly discharge of Bad River near Odanah, Wis.,for the year ending Sept. SO, 

[Drainage area, 607 square miles.]

Month.

October. ......................................

January .......................................

March

April..........................................

May.

June. .........................................

July...........................................

Discharge in second-feet.

Maximum.

526

449

7,270 

2,770 

850 

3,220 

225 

380

7,270

Minimum

104

486 

203 

116 

112 

129

104

Mean.

273 

383 

282 

134 

145 

1,030 

1,920 

630 

359 

727 

164 

225

524

Per 

square 

mile.

0.450 

.631 

.465 

.221 

.239 

1.70 

3.16 

1.04 

.591 

1.20 

.270 

.371

.863

Run-off 

in inches'

0.52 

.70- 

.54 

.25 

.25 

1.96 

3.5$ 

1.20 

.66 

1.38 

.31 

.41

11.71
12 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1921, PART IV.

MONTREAL RIVER AT IRONWOOD, MICH.

LOCATION. At main highway bridge on State line between Hurley, Wis., and Ironwood, Mich., 8 miles upstream from junction with West Branch, and 22 miles 

above mouth of river.

DRAINAGE ABEA. About 73 square miles (measured on Hixon's County atlas; scale, 

1 inch=2 miles).

RECORDS AVAILABLE. April 24, 1918, to September 30, 1921.

GAGE. Chain gage fastened to downstream side of main highway bridge.

DISCHARGE MEASUREMENTS. Made from wooden bridge at lumber mill, one-fourth 

mile above gage, or by wading.

CHANNEL AND CONTROL. Bed at and downstream from gage heavy gravel, which 

should be fairly permanent. Concrete retaining walls on both sides of river 

below gage prevent overflow at flood stages.

EXTREMES OP DISCHARGE. Maximum stage recorded during year, 3.8 feet at 1.30 

p. m. April 5-7 (discharge, 910 second-feet); minimum stage, 0.67 foot at 2 p. m. 

October 4 (discharge, 2.3 second-feet).

1918-1921. Maximum stage recorded, 3.8 feet June 30, 1920, and April 5-7, 

1921 (discharge, 910 second-feet); minimum stage, 0.67 foot October 4, 1920 (discharge, 2.3 second-feet).

REGULATION. Water stored in Pine Lake in sees. 28, 29, 32, and 33, T. 44 N., R. 3 E., is 

used to increase water supply for Iron wood and Hurley during periods of low flow; 

effect of this regulation on flow at station probably slight. Considerable diurnal 

fluctuation at gage is caused by operation of gates in a small dam one-quarter 

mile upstream. Dam is used to float logs to sawmill.

ACCURACY. Stage-discharge relation fairly permanent except when affected by 

ice. Rating curve fairly well denned from 4 to 610 second-feet. Gage read 

to hundredths once daily. Daily discharge ascertained by applying gage height 

to rating table, except for periods of ice effect for which it was based on results 

of discharge measurements, observers notes, and weather records. Records fair.

Discharge measurements of Montreal River at Ironwood, Mich., during the year ending

Sept. 30, 1921.

Date.

Oct. 23

Made by 

D. W. Roberts.........

S. R. Collins. ..........

Gage 

height.

Feet. 

1.38

a 1.52

Discharge.

Sec.-ft. 

29.4

00 A

Date.

Mar. 7

Made by 

S. R. Collins...........

Gage 

height.

Feet. 

« 1.25

1.14

Discharge.

Sec.-ft. 

18.2

13.0

» Stage-discharge relation affected by ice.
STREAMS TRIBUTARY TO LAKE SUPERIOR. 13

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Montreal River at Ironwood, Mich.,for the year ending

Sept. 30, 1921.

Day.

1..............

2..............

3..............

4..............

5..............

6..............

7..............

8..............

9..............

10..............

11..............

12..............

13..............

14..............

15..............

16..............

17..............

18..............

19..............

20..............

21..............

22..............

23..............

24..............

25..............

26..............

27..............

28..............

29..............

30 .

31..............

Oct.

14

45

24

2.3

3.3

5.0

5.5

6.5

7.5

7.2

7.0

7 1

6.8

a a

32

37

26

16

15

16

31

30

31

27

23

22

22

24

23

20

18

Nov.

17O*7

97

35

38

45

24

3.6

6

6

7

7

11

13

14

13

12

12

14

15

16

17

19

16

18

18

20

21

23

Dec.

30£i

OQ

27

34

32

23

20

10

20

19

22

 26

48

50

50

50

50

50

50

en

50

40

Af\

An

35

35

oc

35

33

OO

Jan.

23

23

23

25

33

QA

25

18

15

15

13

13

13

11

11

11

11

11

13

15

15

15

15

15

15

15

15

1O

1Q

13i<*

Feb.

13

11

11

11

11

11

11

11

11

11

11

13

12

12

16

22

22

22

22

19

18,

18

15

15

15

11

15

Mar.

15

15

15

15

15

18

18

18

18

18

18

18

18

18

18

18

19

20

54

88

122

140

133

122

165

265

462

660

515

365

QA1

Apr.

244

65

338

610

910

<un

910

810

560

362

165

160

131

113

109

109

07

85

81

60

fin

A.1

40

OR.

51

>u

425

515

385

236

May.

178

126

126

117

109

109

100

70

39

23

20

1Q

29

43

36

29

25

26

29

29

29

23

17

20

10

10

22

28

44

60

230

June.

115

70

35

54

40

27

33

104

43

54

45

38

31

8.6

11

17

12

14

8.3

2.6

3.1

3.8

8.0

17

58

30

2.4

2.6

2.6

8.6

July.

14

14

12

11

11

10

25

81

74

66

57

15

17

17

67

70

38

5.0

13

10

26

8.0

11

10

8.0

8.6

18

16

3.3

3.8

5.6

Aug.

7.5

7.5

7.0

7.2

6,0

5.5

6.8

8.9

8.6

16

11

11

16

15

14

12

,6.0

8.6

».2

8.6

8.0

7.5

7.2

7.2

5.2

A. i»

145

77

9.8

9.2

7.8

Sept.

7.5

7.0

7.0

9.0

11

12

7.5

3.8

4.1

4.3

7.6

11

3.1

3.3

9.2

7.5

7.3

7.6

8.0

16

20

20

16

19

58

96

195

12

13

10

NOTE. Stage-discharge relation affected by ice Nov. 9-15, Dec. 15-30, Jan. 8 to Feb. 13, and Feb. 17 

to Mar. 13. No gage readings on Sundays; discharge interpolated or estimated. *

Monthly discharge of Montreal River at Ironwood, Mich.,for the year ending Sept. 30,1921 .

[Drainage area, 73 square miles.]

Month.

October..........

March........... .

April...............:..........................

May...........................................

July...........................................

The year.. ...............................

Discharge in second-feet.

Maximum.

45 

45

SO 

34 

22 

660 

910 

230 

115 

81 

145 

195

910

Minimum.

2.3 

3.8 

19 

11 

11 

15 

40 

17 

2.4 

3.3 

4.5 

3.1

2

9 

 

Mean.

18.2 

17.5 

36.3 

16.5 

14.5 

119 

289 

57.8 

30.0 

24.0 

15.5 

20.4

54.9

1'er 

square 

mile.

0.249 

.240 

.497 

.226 

.199 

1.63 

3.96 

.792 

.411 

.329 

.212 

.279

.752

Run-off 

in inches.

0.29 

.27 

.57 

.26 

.21 

1.88 

4.42 

.91 

.46 

.38 

.24 

.31

10.20

34897 23 WSP 52
14 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1921, PART IV.

WEST BRANCH OF MONTREAL RIVER. AT GILE, WIS.

LOCATION. In sec. 27, T. 46 N., R. 2 E., 800 feet upstream from highway bridge at 

Gile, Iron County, 2£ miles southwest of Hurley, Wis., and 4 miles upstream from 

the mouth.

DRAINAGE AREA. About 70 square miles (measured from Hixon's County atlas; scale, 

1 inch=2 miles).

RECORDS AVAILABLE. April 26, 1918, to September 30, 1921.

GAGE. Sloping gage, bolted to rock ledge on left bank of river a few hundred feet 

upstream from pump house of Ottawa mine; read by Lyle Slender and B. J. 

Peterson.

DISCHARGE MEASUREMENTS. Made from downstream side of highway bridge 800 

feet below gage or by wading.

CHANNEL AND CONTROL. Control formed by permanent rock ledge across narrow 

section of stream about 15 feet downstream from gage! Fall at control about 4 

feet.

EXTREMES OP DISCHARGE. Maximum daily discharge estimated, 900 second-feet April 

5-7 (gage not read); minimum stage, 1.32 feet September 7 (discharge, about 2.4 

second-feet).

1918-1921: Maximum discharge estimated, 900 second-feet April 5-7, 1921; 

minimum stage, 1.32 feet July 23, 1918, and September 7, 1921 (discharge, about 

2.4 second-feet).

REGULATION. None.

ACCURACY. Stage-discharge relation permanent, except when affected by ice. 

Rating curve well denned below 710 second-feet. Gage read to quarter-tenths 

once daily. Daily discharge ascertained by applying gage height to rating table 

except for period of ice effect for which it was obtained by applying to rating 

table daily gage height corrected for ice effect by means of discharge measurements, 

observer's notes, and weather records. Discharge, March 27 to July 5, when 

gage w^S not read estimated from study of weather records and records of discharge for adjacent drainage areas. Records for winter, fair; for other periods, 

good except March 27 to July 5 which are poor.

Discharge measurements of West Branch of Montreal River at Gile, Wis., during the year

ending Sept. SO, 1921.

Date.

Oct. 23

Dec. 30

Feb. 7

Made by 

D.W. 'Roberts.. .......

8. R.Collins. ..........

.....do..................

Gage 

height.

Feet. 

2.74

o2.62

o2.04

Discharge.

Sec.-ft. 

41.0

33 4

13.7

Date.

Mar. 7

Aug. 17

Made by 

8. R.Collins...........

Gage 

height.

Feet. 

o2.30

2.17

Discharge.

Sec.-ft. 

20.5

19.6

Stage-discharge relation affected by ice.
STREAMS TBIBUTAKY TO LAKE MICHIGAN. 15

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of West Branch of Montreal River at Gile, Wis., for the

year ending Sept. 30, 1921.

Day.

1..... .........

2..............

3..............

4..............

5..............

6..............

7..............

8..............

9..............

10..............

11..............

12..............

13..............

14..............

15.......... .

16.1...........

17..............

18..............

19.............

20..............

21..........

22..............

23..............

24............

25..............

26..............

27..............

28.............

29.............. a)..............

31..............

Oct.

12

12

11

14

14

11

11

11

7.2

7.2

7 9

7.2

9.4

11

9.4

9.4

12

14

16

18

20

22

24

26

OQ

32

34

oe

37

39

40

Nov.

42

42

42

42

45

48

45

42

38

36

v\

34

32

31

30

30

26

24

24

26

27

28

28

28

29

30

30

n

32

34

Dec.

38

48

52

5552'

48

42

40

36

32

in

31

32

34

45

50

60

70

70

65

60

65

55

50

45

40

35

35

35

35

Jan.

35

35

35

35

35

30

30

30

30

29

27

25

25

22

22

22

22

22

22

23

27

29

28

27

25

23

22"n

20

20

19

Feb.

1719-

20

17

19

18

17

16

14

14

12

14

14

15

14

15

12

14

14

15

16

20

21

22

21

20

20

20

Mar.

21

22

21

22

22

21

20

22

19

17

20

18

18

18

20

20

21

22

24

80

110

135

158

198

198

198

230

260

290

320

280

Apr.

240

200

440

675

900

900

900

755

610

465

320'

180

140

120

115

115

100

90

80

70

70

60

55

60

120

265

410

560

460

360

May.

260

160

160

150

140

140

125

100

75

50

45

40

50

55

55

45

40

40

45

45

45

40

30

35

35

35

35

75

135

190

250

June.

190

125

65

80

70

60

60

120

65

75

65

60

50

30

30

35

30

30

30

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

25

30

July.

75

120

160

200

240

270

232

214

184

199

214

170

100

120

115

92

76

60

48

38

31

32

31

27

25

2219'

27

34

25

23

Aug.

20

16

11

7.6

5.8

5.8

5.8

5.8

5.8

6.7

8.7

9.9

14

22

31

25

20

17

14

14

14

14

11

8.7

8.7

8.7

9.9

8.3

6.7

6.7

5.8

Sept.

5.0

5.0

5.8

4.8

3.7

3.7

2.4

3.2

3.3

3.2

3.2

3.2

3.2

7.6

8.7

7.6

6.7

7.2

8.7

14

17

20

23

27

24

20

19

16

13

11

NOTE. Stage-discharge relation slightly affected by ice Dec. 15 to Mar. 19. Gage not read Oct. 2,3.10,17-

24. 27-31, Nov. 2, 7,11-14, 21,25, 28, Dec. 5,12,19, 25, 26, Jan. 1,2, 9,16, 23, 30, Feb. 6,13,20, 27, Mar. 6,13, 20,

25. July 10,17, Aug. 7,14, 21, 28, Sept. 4,11,18, and 25; discharge interpolated. See "Accuracy."

Monthly discharge of West Branch of Montreal River at Gile, Wis., for the year ending

"Sept. SO, 1921. 

[Drainage area, 70 square miles.}

Month.

October....

November., 

December.. 

January....

February... 

March......

April.......

May........

June........

July........

August.....

September.

Discharge in second-feet.

Maximum.

40

48

70

35

22

320

900

260

190

270

31

27

900

Minimum.

7.2

24

30

19

12

17

55

30

20

19

5.8

2.4

2.4

Mean.

18.2

33.7

46.1

26.4

16.8

91.8

328

87.9

50.2

104

11.9

10.0

68.8

, Per

square

mile.

0.260

.481

.659

.377

.240

1.31

4.69

1.26

.717

1.49

.170

.143

.983

Run-off 

in inches.

0.30

.54

.76

.43

.25

1.51

5.23

1.45

.80

1.72

.20

.16

The year. 13.35

STREAMS TRIBUTARY TO LAKE MICHIGAN. 

MENOMINEE RIVER AT TWIN FALLS, NEAR IRON MOUNTAIN, MICH.

LOCATION. In sec. 12, T. 40 N., R. 31 W., at the power plant of the Peninsular Power

Co., 3J miles north of city of Iron Mountain, Mich. 

DKAINAOE AREA. 1,790 square miles (area in Wisconsin measured on State map issued

by Wisconsin Geological and Natural History Survey, edition of 1911; scale,! inch=

6 miles; area in Michigan measured on map compiled by United States Geological

Survey; scale, 1:500,000).
16 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1921, PART IV.

RECORDS AVAILABLE. January 1, 1914, to September 30, 1921.

GAGES. Staff and float gages used to determine effective head on water wheels.

DISCHARGE. The discharge of the turbines in second-feet corresponding to the 

power in kilowatts is determined for each hour during the day from a record of 

the number of wheels in operation and the load. The sum of the discharge 

divided by 24 gives the average discharge through the turbines. To this quantity 

is added the leakage through the idle wheels, and the water that passes over the 

spillway, through the gates, and down the log sluice.

EXTREMES OF DISCHARGE. Maximum mean daily discharge recorded during the 

year, 13,100 second-feet April 29. Minimum mean daily discharge recorded, 

617 second-feet October 3.

1914-1921: Maximum mean daily discharge recorded, 16,700 second-feet 

April 23 and 24, 1916; minimum mean daily discharge, 274 second-feet, August 

10, 1919.

REGULATION. During the summer of 1919 another power plant about 5 miles upstream was placed in operation by the Peninsular Power Co. Owing to variations 

in demand the daily discharge will bear no relation to the natural flow, but the 

monthly discharge probably corresponds closely to the natural flow.

ACCURACY. Discharge records published in the following tables were obtained by 

adding 10 per cent to discharge as computed from power-plant records. This 

correction is based upon the results of four current-meter measurements made 

in May and September, 1919, by the United States Geological Survey at a point 

about 1 mile downstream from power plant.

COOPERATION. Daily-discharge records derived from power-plant records furnished 

by Mead and Seastone, consulting engineers, Madison, Wis.

No discharge measurements were made at this station during the year.

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Menominee River at Twin Falls, near Iron Mountain, 

Mich.,for the year ending Sept. SO, 1921.

Day

i

1..............

2..............

3..............

4..............

5..............

6..............

7..............

8..............

9..............

10..............

11..............

12..............

13..............

14..............

15..............

16..............

17..............

18..............

19..............

20..............

21..............

22..............

23..............

24..............

25..............

26..............

27..............

28..............

29..............

80..............

81..............

Oct.

681

617 TOO

770

744 TOO

744

675

704

702

7CA

756

874

761

836

Q1A

937

940

983

Q&fi

701;

O9fi

915

cms

Qfil

942

QCA

7QC

Nov.

889

957

984

998

1,010

986

843

947

993

1,050

999

986

977

840

966

934

964

910

822

751

785

843

790

776

711

880

970

7Qfi

QCO

970

Dec.

1,010

1,050

1.130

1,170

1,010

1,160

1,170

1,060

974

1 000

1,010

933

1,000

1,270

1,560

1,380

1,570

1,260

1 9Ort

1,230

1,340 i zzn

1 080

895

1,220

1,160

1,200

1,230

1 OQfi

Jan.

1,250

955

1,150

1,190

1,160

1,220

1,270

1,200

813

1,100

1,120

1,130

1,130

1,090

745

QKQ

837

798

792

oco

730

Q1 ^

oeo

firtO

898

1,170

771

QOK

Feb.

828

837

855

847

851

756

836

796

808

830

795

754

701

868

833

935

1,010

945

969

733

930

888

911

QQQ

968

1,050

QAO

ftQft

Mar.

908

955

956

1,000

1,060

742

835

792

759

771

781

818

673

823

833

858

961

1,020

1,110

847

1,350

1,560

1,940

2,370

2,180

2,560

3,640

4,510

4 340

Apr.

3,770

3,090

3,640

4,700

5,830

6,610

7,150

7,860

7,150

6,880

6,370

5,450

5,130

4,110

4,180

4,180

3,350

3,180

3,400

2,610

2,770

3,320

3,880

2,840

4,810

4,880

7,120

13,100

19 inn

May.

9,410

6.920

6,100

4,780

3,750

3,410

3,220

2,700

3,060

2,430

2,240

2,220

1,980

2,550

1,680

2,220

2,530

2,640

2,070

2,120

1,850

2,270

2,140

2,130

2,060

1,600

1,580

1,580

1,380

1.430

1,900

June.

2,050

1,540

1,350

1,390

1,340

1,280

1,220

1,860

1,630

1,550

1,730

1,530

1,860

2,050

1,480

1,440

1,200

1,210

1,010

1,130

1,150

1,140

1,120

1,130

1,040

792

847

CKM

1,110

1,230

July.

1,220

1,070

844

813

790

812

868

1,000

1,090

846

1,070

1,050

1,040

1,230

1,090

1,070

1,020

1,110

1,020

993

939

960

7Q1

1,020

1,030

970

957

1,010

. 898

815

Aug.

959

969

946

988

987

882

760

890

820

741

745

758

979

804

794

790

757

795

974

774

955

957

1,000

872

955

1,000

795

918

923

990

Sept.

987

983

975

7S6

822 *

852

778

815

777

805

748

810

799

748

746

726

759

735

773

794

1,100

1,610

3,000

3,010

2,780

1,960

1,340

1,650

1,890

1,610
STREAMS TEIBUTARY TO LAKE MICHIGAN. 17

Monthly discharge of Menominee River at Twin Falls near Iron Mountain, Mich., for 

the year ending Sept. 30, 1921.

[Drainage area, 1,790 square miles.)

Month.

April...................................,....'..

May..........................;................

July...........................................

August. .......................................

The year. ...............................

Discharge in second-feet.

Maximum.

983 

1,050 

1,570 

1,270 

1,050 

4,510 

13,100 

9,410 

2,050 

1,230 

1,060 

3,010

13,100

Minimum.

617 

711 

895 

730 

701 

673 

2,610 

1,380 

792 

790 

741 

726

617

Mean.

808 

'909 

1,190 

981 

862 

1,640 

5,490 

2,840 

1,350 

984 

888 

1,210

1,590

Per 

square 

mile.

0.451

.508 

.665 

.548 

.482 

.916 

3.07 

1.59 

.754 

.550 

.496 

.676

.888

Run-off 

in inches.

0.52 

.57 

.77 

.63 

.50 

1.06 

3.42 

1.83 

.84 

.63 

.57 

.75

12.09

MENOMINEE RIVER BELOW KOSS, MICH.

LOCATION. In sec. 9, T. 34 N., R. 27 W., at power plant of Menominee & Marinette 

Light & Traction Co., 4 miles below Koss, Marinette County, Mich., and 3 miles 

west of Ingalls, Mich. Little Cedar River, draining an area entirely in Michigan, 

enters from left half a mile below station.

DRAINAGE AREA. 3,790 square miles.

RECORDS AVAILABLE. July 1, 1913, to September 30, 1921.

DISCHARGE. The flow is computed by the Menominee & Marinette Light & Traction 

Co., of Menominee, Mich., as follows: Each hour the load on the generators is 

noted and gage heights of the head and tail water are read to determine the head 

on the spillway of the dam and the acting head on the turbines. The flow through 

the turbines for each hour is taken from a table giving the discharge corresponding 

to these loads and heads. The flow over the spillway is taken from a table computed from a weir formula. When water is wasted through the gates, the magnitude 

and duration of the gate openings are noted and the quantity wasted determined 

from computed tables. The average discharge for the day is computed from these 

data, no account being taken of the water passing through the exciter turbine nor 

waste over the "trash gate" at power house. This amount is relatively small.

EXTREMES OF DISCHARGE. Maximum mean daily discharge during year, 20,300 

second-feet April 30; minimum mean daily discharge, 960 second-feet September 

17.

1913-1921: Maximum mean daily discharge recorded, 23,200 second-feet, 

April 23 and 25,1916; minimum mean daily discharge. 960 second-feet September 

17, 1921.

REGULATION. Above the station are the following power plants: Sturgeon Falls, 

owned by Pennsylvania Iron Mining Co., 50 miles; Little Quinnesec, owned by 

Kimberly Clark, 57 miles; Upper Quinnesec, owned by Oliver Iron Mining Co., 

62 miles; Twin Falls, owned by Peninsular Power Co. With the exception of 

the Kimberly Clark dam at Little Quinnesec, the dams furnish power for utility 

and mining uses sd that the flow past the dams is comparatively uniform. The 

Kimberly Clark dam is used for paper mills and regulates the flow on Sundays 

and holidays. The effect of this regulation is felt at the stations generally on 

Tuesdays. The monthly flow probably represents the natural flow.
18 SUEFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1921, PAET IV.

ACCURACY. The tables used by the power company for computing discharge were 

revised November 1, 1919, on basis of seven current-meter measurements made 

by the United States Geological Survey in May and September, 1919. (See 

Water-Supply Paper 504, p. 22). Records computed by use of the revised tables 

represent more closely the actual flow.

COOPERATION. Daily-discharge records furnished monthly by Edward Daniell,

general manager of the Menominee & Marinette Light & Traction Co. 

No discharge measurements were made at this station during the year.

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Menominee River below Koss, Mich.,for the year ending

Sept. 30, 1921.

Day.

1..............

3..............

4..............

6..............

7..............

8..............

9..............

10..............

11.............. 12..;........... 11

14..............

15..............

16..............

17..............

18..............

19..............

20..............

21..............

22..............

23..............

24..............

25..............

26..............

27..............

28..............

29..............

30..............

31..............

Oct.

1,770

1,440

1,310

1,770

1,250

1,030

1,530

1,530

1,560

1,530

1,750

1,460

1,600

1,600

1,470

1,390

1,150

1,570

1,610

1,780

1,860

1,840

1,840

2,070

1,890

1,690

1,880

1,790

1,910

2,160

2,000

Nov.

1,770

1,570

2,220

2,290

2,320

2,280

2,160

2,080

1,960

2,300

2,400

1 980

1*350

1,180

1,780

1,590

1,830

2,080

1,970

1,980

1,770

1,590

1,520

1,710

2,140

1,930

1,670

1,860

1,810

1 

' 930

Dec.

2,070

2,060

2,160

2,250

2,380

2,250

2,150

2,430

2,340

2,220

1,980

2,000

2,000

2,320

2,870

3,460

2,620

2,120

1,920

2,210

2,640

2,520

2,660

2,630

2,650

2,720

2,480

2,180

1,970

2 1 Oft

2,440

Jan.

2,560

2,630

2,550

2,430

2,160

2,160

2,040

2,040

2,070

2,060

1,840

1,850

1,710

1,810

1,770

1,600

1,760

1,620

1,530

1,470

1,460

1,680

1,420

1,540

1,770

1,720

1,620

1,570

1,640

1,640

1,820

Feb.

1,520

1,600

1,450

1,450

1,410

1,220

1,350

1,350

1,460

1,340

1,420

1,440

1,460

1,460

1,410

1,630

1,550

1,620

1,740

1,220

1,630

1,480

1,590

1,480

1,550

1,670

1,440

1,470

Mar.

1,600

1,530

1,620

1,440

1,750

1,830

1,570

1,620

1,720

1,700

1,530

1,630

1,540

1,440

1,240

1,310

1,330

1,380

2,110

2,370

4,490

5,820

6,480

6,660

6,330

7,000

9,870

9,270

11,500

11,700

11,100

Apr.

10,200

9,140

7,710

6,990

7,860

9,640

10,800

11,500

12,400

13,200

12,800

11,500

10,400

8,550

8,020

7,400

7,460

6,940

6,080

5,650

5,560

4,870

6,390

8,380

9,250

10,400

10,400

13,300

16,400

20,300

May.

20, 160

20,000

18,200

14,900

12,400

11,000

8,060

7,440

6,560

5,810

5,320

5,300

4,430

4,220

4,280

4,260

4,470

4,330

4,410

4,520

3,880

3,970

3,340

4,110

4,280

4,720

5,670

4,420

4,500

3,880

4,030

June.

5,600

5,120

4,840

4,100

3,440

3,010

3,170

3,260

3,470

3,580

3,610

3,700

2,660

2,520

2,540

2,560

3,160

2,800

2,590

2,010

1,620

2,420

2,410

2,150

2,410

1,930

1,610

1,300

1,740

1,610

July.

1,830

1,790

1,880

1,720

1,410

1,270

1,520

1,490

1,850

1,820

1,540

1,750

2,130

2,100

1,970

1,860

2,000

1,780

1,690

2,180

1,780

1,530

1,340

1,590

1,530

1,190

1,670

1,530

1,410

1,640,

1,490

Aug.

1,380

1,660

1,410

1,300

1,250

1,290

1,080

1,410

1,350

1,320

1,470

1,470

1,490

1,440

1,440

1,450

1,330

1,530

1,740

1,810

1,980

1,830

1J930

2,340

2,030

1,880

2,300

1,890

1,880

2,280

2,280

Sept.

2,290

1,990

2,070

1,760

1 440

1,470

1,500

1,070

1,520

1,350

1,460

1,600

1,280

1,450

1,490

1,490

960

1,280

1,630

1,610

1,590

2,160

2,300

4,000

5,540

3,600

4,100

3,040

2,990

2,310

Monthly discharge of Menominee River below Koss, Mich.,for the year ending Sept. SO, 

[Drainage area, 3,790 square miles.]

Month.

March. ........................................

July...........................................

The year. ...............................

Discharge in second-feet.

Maximum.

2,160 

2,400 

3,460 

2,630 

1,740 

11,700 

20,300 

20,100 

5,600 

2,180 

2,340 

5,540

20.300

Minimum.

1,030 

1,180 

1,920 

1,420 

1,220 

1,240 

4,870 

3,340 

1,300 

1,190 

1,080 

960

Mean.

1,650 

1,900 

2,350 

1,860 

1,480 

3,950 

9,650 

6,990 

- 2,900 

1,690 

1,650 

2,090

960 1 3, 180

Per 

square 

mile.

0.435 

.501 

.620 

.491 

.391 

1.04 

2.55 

1.84 

.765 

.446 

.435 

.551

.839

Run-off, 

in inches.

0.50 

.56 

.71 

.57 

.41 

1.20 

2.84 

2.12 

.85 

.51 

.50 

.61

11.38

NOTE. Monthly and yearly discharge computed by TJ. S. Geol. Survey from daily-discharge records 

furnished by the Menominee & Marinette Light & Traction Co.
STREAMS TRIBUTARY TO LAKE MICHIGAN.

PINE RIVER NEAR FLORENCE, WIS.

LOCATION. In sees. 23 and 26, T. 39 N., R. 17 E., at highway bridge 8 miles southwest of Florence, Florence County, and 12 miles above mouth of river. Popple 

River enters from right 200 feet above station.

DRAINAGE AREA. 488 square miles (measured on map issued by Wisconsin Geological 

and Natural History Survey, edition of 1911; scale, 1 inch=6 miles).

RECORDS AVAILABLE. January 22, 1914, to September 30, 1921.

GAGE. Chain gage fastened to guard rail on upstream side of bridge; read by William 

Taft.

DISCHARGE MEASUREMENTS. Made from upstream side of bridge or by wading.

CHANNEL AND CONTROL. Coarse gravel and stones. Left bank high and not subject 

. to overflow; extremely high water may overflow right bank around approach to 

bridge.

EXTREMES OF DISCHARGE. Maximum stage recorded during year, 7.45 feet April 

28 (discharge, 2,960 second-feet); minimum discharge, estimated 155 second-feet, 

February 1 and 2.

1914r-1921: Maximum stage recorded, 9.25 feet at noon April 23,1916 (discharge, 

about 4,520 second-feet); minimum stage, 1.6 feet, September 6 and 7, 1915 

(discharge, about 118 second-feet).

ICE. Stage-discharge relation seriously affected by ice.

REGULATION. None.

ACCURACY. Stage-discharge relation permanent during year except when affected 

by ice. Rating curve is fairly well defined below 1,800 second-feet; extended 

above that limit. Gage read to half-tenths once daily. Daily discharge ascertained by applying daily gage height to rating table, except for period when 

stage-discharge relation was affected by ice, for which it was obtained by applying 

to rating table daily gage height corrected for ice effect by means of discharge 

measurements, observer's notes, and weather records. Open-water records 

fair; winter records subject to error.

Discharge measureijients of Pine River near Florence, Wis., during the year ending Sept. SO,

1921.

Date.

Jan. 2

Feb. 8

Made by 

.....do..................

Gage 

height.

Feet. 

o4.30

o2.87

Discharge.

Sec.-ft. 

300

169

Date.

Mar. 8

July 19

Made by 

S. R.Collins.. .........

Gage 

height.

Feet. 

o3.14

1.72

Discharge.

Sec.-ft. 

184

232

o Stage-discharge relation affected by ice.
20 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1921, PART IV.

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Pine River near Fforenw, Wis., for the year endingSept. 30, 1921.

Day.

1... ...........

2..............

3..............

4..............

5..............

6..............

7..............

8..............

9..............

10..............

11..............

12..............

13..............

14..............

15..............

16..............

17..............

18..............

19..............

20..............

21..............

22..............

23..............

24

25

26..............

27..:...........

28..............

29

30..............

31..............

Oct.

250

226

238

250

262

* 250

274

262

250

250

262

250

274

286

274

298

298

324

338

324

324

338

298

324

352

367

352

382

397

382

382

Nov.

412

428

444

444

476

476

476

476

508

542

542

508

508

476

476

476

508

542

508

542

508

542

542

"542

542

542

542

508

476

476

Dec.

444

476

382

367

382

397

382

382

367

352

352

340

325

310

300

285

275

275

260

250

250

300

300

300

285

285

285

275

275

275

285

Jan.

300

300

300

285

275

250

225

215

215

225

225

260

260

225

225

240

215

180

160

170

160

160

160

170

195

205

180

195

195

225

205

Feb.

155

155

160

160

170

170

170

170

180

180

170

170

180

180

205

205

225

225

250

250

250

250

215

205

205

215

215

215

Mar.

240

225

205

205

105

195

180

185

195

195

195

205

205

205

205

215

225

275

325

410

610

746

815

990

1,120

1,260

1,460

1,510

1,510

1,560

1,610

Apr.

1,460

1,410

1 360

I'seo

1,310

1,310

1,310

1,260

1,260

1,220

1.170

1.120

QQA

OAR

900

855

855

855

900

945

945

945

990

1,120

1,220

1,460

2,620

2,920

2,840

2,620

May.

2,480

1,970

1,810,

1,660

1 Afifl

1,260

1,170

1,120

1,040

945

900

815

746

712

610

610

576

576

542

508

476

476

476

476

444

444

444

428

412

412

397

June.

382

382

367

352

ftS9

352

352

367

382

382

382

352

352

352

367

382

382

382

352

352

324

324

311

298

274

274

274

262

250

250

July.

250

250

250

250

238

226

274

324

382

382

382

382

352

352

324

324

298

274

226

250

250

250

250

226

226

204

204

193

193

182

182

Aug.

172

1fi9

162

162

162

162

162

162

162

382

412

428

111

444

444

476

476

476

476

476

476

476

508

508

476

476

476

444

412

382

352

Sept.

324t

OQQ

274

274

O7*

97J.

29&

298

324

Q9A

324

324

Q9A

298

293

274

274

298.

298

32*

382-

444 542-

678

678

678

644 610-

610*

576-

NOTE. Stage-discharge relation affected by ice Dec. 12 to Mar. 21. Gage not read July 1 and 2; discharge interpolated. .

Monthly discharge of Pine River near Florence, Wis.,for the year ending Sept. 30, 1921. 

[Drainage area, 488 square miles.]

Month.

May...........................................

July...........................................

Discharge to second-feet.

Maximum.

397 

542 

476 

300 

250 

1,610 

2,920 

2,480 

382 

382 

508 

678

2,920

Minimum.

226 

412 

250 

160 

155 

180 

855 

397 

250 

182 

162 

274

155

Mean.

301 

500 

323 

219 

196 

570 

1,350 

851 

339 

269 

367 

395

474

Per 

square 

mile.

0.617 

1.02 

.662 

.449 

.402 

1.17 

2.77 

1.74 

.695 

.551 

.752 

.809

.971

Run-off 

in inches.

0.71 

1.14 

.76 .52- 

.42- 

1.35 3.09» 

2.01 

.78 

.64 

.87 .90-

13.19-

PIKE RIVER AT AMBERG, WIS.

LOCATION. In sec. 15, T. 35 N., R. 21 E., at Chicago, Milwaukee & St. Paul Railway 

bridge half a mile south of Amberg, Marinette County, 1 mile below junction of 

two branches of Pike River, and 11 miles above mouth.

DRAINAGE AREA. 240 square miles (measured on map issued by Wisconsin Geological and Natural History Survey, edition of 1911; scale, 1 inch=6 miles).

RECORDS AVAILABLE. February 26, 1914, to September 30, 1921.

GAGE. Chain gage fastened to guard rail on upstream side of bridge; read by 

Frank Bunce.
STREAMS TRIBUTARY TO LAKE MICHIGAN. 21

DISCHARGE MEASUREMENTS. Made from a highway bridge a quarter of a mile 

downstream from the bridge to which the gage is attached or by wading.

CHANNEL AND CONTROL. Solid rock and some loose granite boulders; channel 

permanent but very rough at gage. Banks medium high; not subject to overflow.

EXTREMES OF DISCHARGE. Maximum stage recorded during year, 5.60 feet 10 a. m. 

March 21 (discharge, 1,650 second-feet); minimum mean daily discharge 100 

second-feet January 13-18 and February 20.

1914-1921: Maximum stage recorded, 5.60 feet at 10 a. m. March 21, 1921 

(discharge, 1,650 second-feet). Estimated minimum discharge, 70 second-feet 

December 9-11, 30, and 31, 1917.

REGULATION. None.

ACCURACY. Stage-discharge relation permanent, except when affected by ice. 

Rating curve well defined between 180 and 1,120 second-feet. Gage read to 

quarter-tenths once daily. Daily discharge ascertained by applying daily 

gage height to rating table, except for periods when stage-discharge relation was 

affected by ice, for which it was ascertained by applying to rating table daily 

gage height corrected for ice effect by means of discharge measurements, observer's 

notes, and weather records. Open-water records excellent; winter records fair.

measurements of Pike River at Amberg,

1921.

Wis.. during the year ending Sept. SO,

Date.

Jan. 3

Feb. 9

July 20

Made by 

a.R.CoWas... ...........................................................

.....do............................ ........................................

A. O. Olson..............................................................

Gage 

height.

Feet. 

«2.65

«1.80

1.69

Discharge.

Sec.-ft. 

186

124

135

o Stage-discharge relation affected by ice.

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Pike River at Amberg, Wis., for the year ending Sept. SO,

1921.

Day.

1..............

2..............

3.............

4..............

5..............

6......... ...

7.............

8..............

9..............

10..............

11............

12..............

13..............

14.........

15.......... .

16..............

17..............

18..............

19..............

20..............

21..............

22..............

23..............

24..............

25..............

26..............

27..............

28..............

29..............

30..............

31..............

Oct.

138

138

138

142

142

142

148

145

142

142

148

148

142

142

148

1 KA

169

180

176

169

180

185

192

180

169

158

158

158

154

148

148

Nov.

148

262

232

218

204

204

192

180

169

160

140

120

120

120

120

120

140

180

192

169

138

118

158

204

192

186

180

186

192

180

Dec.

1Q9

218

232

204

247

247

232

218

wu

199

180

192

199

232

205

175

165

160

160

160

160

160

160

160

160

160

160

160

180

205

Jan.

205

190

185

180

180

205

160

140

130

115

105

105

100

100

100

100

100

100

120

140

160

160

160

150

145

140

140

140

140

135

130

Feb.

130

130

130

130

130

125

125

125

125

130

135

140

140

140

145

155

140

120

110

100

120

140

130

120

115

110

105

120

Mar.

140

160

160

160

160

160

160

160

155

150

150

150

150

150

150

160

170

185

204

1,450

1,650

1,170

990

947

904

820'

1,170

1,040

904

802

700

Apr.

626

522

514

505

505

505

522

590

522

505

488

454

390

406

390

390

390

374

358

342

326

488

700

780

760

740

1, 120

1,400

1; 350

1,170

May.

1,220

740

626

590

522

480

438

390

374

358

342

342

342

358

342

326

326

326

326

294

294

294

310

326

342

342

342

342

326

326

326

June.

310

294

326

342

326

302

278

294

286

278

326

294

278

262

232

232

218

204

198

192

180

176

172

169

158

154

148

169

162

158

July.

148

148

148

145

142

145

148

180

204

183

162

148

142

148

158

154

142

138

138

134

138

134

134

144

154

148

142

142

142

142

135

Aug.

128

122

122

122

122

128

122

118

114

148

192

204

232

195

158

153

148

183

218

211

204

204

204

192

180

192

204

249

294

228

162

Sept.

158

148

148

154

148

142

134

128

128

134

138

138

138

138

138

138

169

180

180

176

204

232

247

232

204

192

180

169

162

169

NOTE. Stage-discharge relation affected by ice Nov. 10-18 and Dec. 15 to Mar. 18. Gage not read Oct. 5,8, 

Nov. 26, 28, Jan. 22-27, Mar. 24, 30, Apr. 3, 5,18, 25, May 6, 9, 12, June 6, 9, 13, 19, 23, July 4, 6, 10, 24, 31, 

Aug. 14, 16, IS, 20, 22, 24, 26, 28, and 30; discharge interpolated.
22 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1921, PART IV.

Monthly discharge of Pike River at Amberg, Wis., for the year ending Sept. SO, 1921. 

[Drainage area, 240 square miles.]

Month.

April..........................................

July...........................................

Discharge in second-feet.

Maximum.

192 

262 

247 

205 

155 

1,650 

1,400 

1.220 

342 

204 

294 

247

1,650

Minimum.

138 

118 

160 

100 

100 

140 

326 

294 

148 

134 

114 

128

100

Mean.

156 

171 

189 

141 

127 

503 

604 

407 

237 

149 

176 

165

253

Per 

square 

mile.

0.650 

.712 

.788 

.588 

.529 

2.10 

2.52 

1.70 

.988 

.621 

.733 

.688

1.05

Run-off 

in inches.

0.75 

.79 

.91 

.68 

.55 

2.42 

2.81 

1.96 

1.10 

.72 

.85 

.77

14.31

PESHTIGO RIVER AT HIGH FALLS, NEAR CRIVITZ, WIS.

LOCATION. In sec. 1, T. 32 N., R. 18 E., atHigh Falls, near Crivitz, Marinette County, 

a quarter of a mile downstream from power house of Wisconsin Public Service Co.,

1 mile upstream from Thunder River (coming in from right) and 15 miles by road

northwest of Crivitz. 

DRAINAGE AREA. 520 square miles (measured on map issued by Wisconsin Geological

and Natural History Survey, edition of 1911; scale, 1 inch=6 miles). 

RECORDS AVAILABLE. October 1, 1912, to September 30, 1921. 

GAGE. Gurley graphic water-stage recorder, set over a wooden well on left bank a

quarter of a mile downstream from power house; replaced aBarrett& Lawrence

water-stage recorder about May 1, 1918. 

DISCHARGE MEASUREMENTS. Made from cable half a mile below gage. About

2 second-feet of seepage water enters river below gage but above the cable and is 

included in the determined discharge as published.

jCHANNEL AND CONTROL. Banks at control and measuring section are high and not

I subject to overflow. Control at low stages is a small gravel riffle about 50 feet

i downstream from the gage; at medium and high stages this control is apparently 

drowned out and is probably formed by some section farther downstream.

EXTREMES OF DISCHARGE. Maximum stage during the year, from water-stage 

recorder, 7.85 feet at 11 a. m., April 29 (discharge, 3,890 second-feet); minimum 

stage, 1.76 feet at 10 p. m. August 14 (discharge, 60 second-feet).

1912-1921: Maximum stage from water-stage recorder occurred April 29, 1921; 

minimum stage, 0.97 foot from midnight to 7.20 a. m. October 27,1919 (discharge, 

43 second-feet). Owing to artificial regulation extremes given do not represent 

the natural flow.

ICE. Because of the relatively warm water in the larger service reservoir ice does not 

form on the river in the vicinity of the gage.

REGULATION. Considerable diurnal fluctuation caused by the operation of the power 

plant and during log-driving season by the manipulation of the gates. The 

mean monthly flow, however, is probably not materially affected by operation of 

the power plant except during the months of March, April, August, and September.

ACCURACY. Stage-discharge relation permanent; not affected by ice. Rating curve 

well defined between 145 and 3,980 second-feet. Daily discharge for periods 

when recording gage was in operation ascertained by use of the discharge inte-
STREAMS TRIBUTARY TO LAKE MICHIGAN. 23

grator; discharge for periods when gage did not operate based on power plant 

records corrected by comparison with records from water-stage recorder during 

times when gage was in operation. Records good.

The following discharge measurement was made by A. 0. Olson: 

July 20, 1921: Gage height, 2.83 feet; discharge, 716 second-feet.

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Peshtigo River at High Falls, near Crivitz, Wis., far 

the year ending Sept. 30, 1921.

Day.

1... ...........

2.. ............

3.. ............

4..............

5..............

.6..............

7.. ............

8..............

9..............

10..............

11..............

12..............

13..............

14..............

15..............

16..............

17.............. to

19....*.........

20..............

21..............

22..............

23

24..............

25..............

28..............

27..............

28.............

29.............

30.............

31.............

Oct.

300

372

145

358

326

316

314

405

384

230

412

384

405

310

381

282

128

278

331

366

371

368

388

104

398

365

312

288

307

259

112

Nov.

364

304

360

287

252

176

153

317

419

385

160

418

270

212

358

450

472

422

497

365

153

350

390

350

88

308

354

130

406

466

Dec.

436

445

360

310

229

252

288

290

269

260

250

85

340

334

366

378

280

217

113

276

349

394

308

292

131

95

218

203

128

98

120

Jan.

218

412

220

300

542

337

338

336

213

251

338

403

388

364

293

178

305

323

331

289

413

419

100

290

375

382

383

385

390

275

361

Feb.

430

439

446

479

377

304

292

396

403

409

335

341

138

411

436

347

568

406

423

120

358

369

444

425

437

457

231

463

Mar.

363

287

324

337

360

209

520

535

574

560

526

500

164

268

234

422

284

314

480

427

730

765

759

805

940

1.420

1.670

1,990

2,070

2,020

1,970

Apr.

1,720

1,250

1,300

1,090

1,220

1,380

1,420

1,420

1,470

1,370

1,280

1,120

1,120

1,010

1,030

1,050

596

996

918

980

1,050

1,010

1,000

570

1,310

1,270

2,140

2,540

3,430

2,900

May.

3,040

2,700

1,940

1,310

1,390

1,590

1,080

510

469

812

872

746

602

795

608

953

990

961

885

902

660

533

858

910

908

852

838

832

492

464

850

June.

816

805

586

713

206

432

494

612

381

464

656

582

716

753

741

725

614

344

242

511

536

588

543

520

491

148

556

690

490

458

July.

'482

440

140

83

374

488

467

374

439

146

312

460

462

338

225

240

102

327

440

509

360

414

558

151

450

518

394

388

363

269

79

Aug.

271

418

408

212

225

311

74

184 246-

-302

230

190

175

65

226

257

245

280

280

268

143

262

288

278

230

462

1,090

437

612

638

453

Sept.

513

14.9

516

202

92

411

525

477

470

coc

140

363

511

491

514

506

4sn

129

421

530

509

457

285

292

80

476

483

470

426

415

NOTE. Water-stage recorder operated satisfactorily about 65 per cent of the time. Discharge for periods 

When recorder did not operate determined from records of the power plant. '

Monthly discharge of Peshtigo River at High Falls, near Crivitz, Wis.,for the year ending

Sept. 30, 1921. 

[Drainage area, 520 square miles.]

Month.

March.........................................

April..........................................

May...........................................

July...........................................

Discharge in second-feet.

Maximum.

412 

497 

445 

542 

568 

2,070 

3,430 

3,040 

816 

558 

1,090 

542

3,430

Minimum.

104 

88 

85 

100 

120 

- 164 

570 

464 

148 

79 

65 

80

65

Mean.

313 

321 

262 

327 

382 

736 

1,370 

1.010 

547 

348 

315 

407

528

Per 

square 

mile.

0.602 

.617 

.504 

.629 

.735 

1.42 

2.63 

1.94 

1.05 

.669 

.606 

.783

1.02

Run-off 

in inches.

0.69 

.69 

.58 

.73 

.77 

1.64 

2.93 

2.24 

1.17 

.77 

.70 

.87

13.78

NOTE. Sea "Regulation" in station description.
24 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1921, PART IV.

OCONTO RIVER NEAR GILLETT. WIS.

LOCATION. In sec. 34, T. 28 N., R. 18 E., at highway bridge 2J miles southeast of 

Gillett, Oconto County, and 27 miles above mouth of river.

DRAINAGE AREA. 678 square miles (measured on maps issued by Wisconsin Geological and Natural History Survey, edition of 1911; scale, 1 inch=6 miles).

RECORDS AVAILABLE. June 7, 1906, to March 30, 1909; January 6, 1914, to September 

30, 1921.

GAGE. Chain gage attached to iron railing on upstream side of bridge; read by Harvie 

Gilbertson. Zero of gage was raised 4.0 feet January 6, 1914.

DISCHARGE MEASUREMENTS. Made from upstream side of bridge.

CHANNEL AND CONTROL. Gravel; fairly permanent. Left bank of medium height 

and not subject to overflow. During extreme high stages water may overflow 

around right end of bridge.

EXTREMES OF DISCHARGE. Maximum stage recorded during year, 4.80 feet April 29, 

30, and May 1 (discharge, 2,890 second-feet); minimum stage, 0.40 foot at 9 a. m. 

December 17 (discharge, 116 second-feet).

1906-1921: Maximum stage recorded, 5.3 feet at 3.30 p. m. April 25, 1916, and 

10 a. m. March 28, 1920 (discharge, 3,220 second-feet); minimum open-water 

discharge, 95 second-feet January 3 and 6, 1907.

ICE. Stage-discharge relation seriously affected by ice.

REGULATION. A dam above the station stores water to float logs during the spring; 

except when this dam is in operation flow at the gage is natural.

ACCURACY. Stage-discharge relation practically permanent, except as affected by 

ice. Rating curve well defined between 239 and 1,790 second-feet. Gage read 

to quarter-tenths once daily except December 24 to March 8, when it was read 

every other day. Daily discharge ascertained by applying daily gage height to 

rating table, except for period when stage-discharge relation was affected by ice, 

for which it was obtained by applying to rating table daily gage height corrected 

for ice effect by means of discharge measurements, observer's notes, and weather 

records. Open-water records good; winter records fair.

Discharge measurements of Oconto River near Gillett, Wis.fduring the year ending Sept.

30, 1921.

Date.

Feb. 10

Made by 

S. R. Collins...........

.....do..................

Gage 

height.

Feet.

Discharge.

Sec.-ft.

379

Date.

July 21

Made by 

A. O. Olson............

Gage 

height.

Feet.

1.24

Discharge.

Sec.-ft. 

470

381

« Stage-discharg3 relation affected by ice.
STREAMS TRIBUTARY TO LAKE MICHIGAN. 25

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Oconto River near Gillett, Wis., for the year ending

Sept. 30,

Day.

2::": i ":::

3..............

4..............

5..............

6..............

7..............

8..............

9...

10..............

11..............

12..

13...... .. . ..

14..............

15..... ..

16.....

17..

18...

19......

 20........ ......

 21..

 22..

 23....... .

 24........... ..

25.....

 26....... .

 27..

28.....

29.............

30..... ..

31........ .

Oct.

407

387

387

367

367

367

367

367

367

367

407

493

516

493

493

428

449

449

428

428

471

516

516

493

493

493

471

428

367

539

Nov.

449

587

695

755

815

755

695

668

640

614

516

257

330

365

405

430

430

449

449

449

KOQ

539

539

563

539

516

AGR

493

493

Dec.

516

539

563

587

587

563

540

450

365

290

240

329

449

539

563

116

140

1QK

275

365

450

450

4Wl

470

470

470

485

490

Jan.

490

495

495

495

470

460

450

460

470

470

465

435

405

380

350

390

430

390

350

OQfl

4Oft

A(V\

370

390

410

400

395

385

375

375

Feb.

360

340

360

380

380

385

390

395

390

380

390

405

405

405

430

450

420

385

340

non

320

350

360

365

' 365

365

385

Mar.

415

425

430

440

445

450

455

460

470

475

470

470

460

455

449

449

449

449

449

1,290

2,570

2,570

2,250

2,090

1,930

1,770

1,770

1,850

1,930

1,930

1,770

Apr.

1,690

,610

,290

,450

,450

,450

,370

,290

1,290

1,290

1,290

1,370

1,290

908

1,040

908

668

1,610

640

587

755

1,080

1,370

1,610

1,850

1,930

2,010

2,410

2

0QA

2,890

May.

2,890

2,890

2,490

2,010

1,770

1,610

1,530

1,370

1,290

1,150

1,150

1,010

875

845

845

815

755

755

755

755

755

695

640

668

640

539

640

785

755

June.

695 '614

539

493

407

516

516

516

493

493

449

428

471

539

516

493

493

449

329

471

449

449

428

407

387

292

449

224

348

329

July.

34S

310

292

310

407

407

387

387

387

407

407

387

387

367

367

348

257

407

407

387

367

367

348

257

387

387

387

471

428

407

240

Aug.

471

449

329

329

329

329

329

310

407

407

387

387

407

329

329

348

367

367

367

387

428

449

471

449

449

428

493

587

640

695

587

Sept.

587

563

539

516

493

493

471

449

449

449

493

493

493

367

367

387

428

471

587

640

94U

785

815

845

845

845

755

640

407

449

NOTE. Stage-discharge relation affected by ice Nov. 13-17, Dec. 7-10, and Dec. 18 to Mar. 14.

Monthly discharge of Oconto River near Gillett, Wis., for the year ending Sept. 30, 1921. 

[Drainage area, 678 square miles.]

Month.

November.....................................

December.. .............................. ...

February.............. .. ....... .......

March .........................................

April..........................................

May................... . . . .....

July................... ..... ......

August ........................................

Discharge in second-feet.

Maximum.

539

815 

640 

495 

450 

2,570 

2,890 

2,890 

695 

471 

695 

940

2,890

Minimum.

367 

257 

116 

350 

290 

415 

587 

539 

224 

240 

310 

367

116

Mean.

436 

532 

425 

421 

378 

1,040 

1,440 

1,130 

456 

368 

421 

569

636

Per 

square 

mile.

0.643 

.785 

 .627 

.621 

.558 

1.53 

2.12 

1.67 

.673 

.543 

.621 

.839

.938

Ran-off 

in inches.

0.74 

.88 

.72 

.72 

.58 

1.76 

2.36 

1.92 

.75 

.63 

.72 

.94

12.72

FOX RIVER AT BERLIN, WIS.

LOCATION. In sec. 16, T. 17 N., R. 13 E., at Government lock and dam, 2J miles

upstream from Berlin, Green Lake County. 

DRAINAGE AREA. 1,430 square miles (measured on map issued by the Wisconsin

Geological and Natural History Survey, edition of 1911; scale, 1 inch=6 miles). 

RECORDS AVAILABLE. 1898 to September 30, 1921.
26 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1921, PART IV.

GAGE. Staff gage in pool immediately below the dam; read by lock tender for United' 

States Engineer Corps.

CHANNEL AND CONTROL. Sand and gravel, one channel at all stages. Banks low 

and subject to overflow.

DISCHARGE MEASUREMENTS. Made from downstream side of Huron Street highway 

bridge in city of Berlin about 2J miles downstream from gage. Rating curves 

at gage corrected for any small inflow between the gage and measuring section.

EXTREMES OF DISCHARGE. Maximum mean daily discharge recorded during year, 

2,450 second-feet May 1 and 2; minimum mean daily discharge, 435 second-feet 

July 24, 25, August 4, 5, 8, and 9.

1898-1921: Maximum mean daily discharge, 6,400 second-feet March 28 and 30, 

1916; minimum mean daily discharge, 250 second-feet February 1-4, 1900.

ICE. Stage-discharge relation affected by ice.

ACCURACY. Stage-discharge relation practically permanent except for effect of ice. 

Rating curve well denned between 800 and 6,000 second-feet. Gage read three 

times daily; in general, however, noon reading alone is used in determination of 

daily discharge. Daily discharge ascertained by applying mean daily gage height 

to rating table, corrected for period of ice effect by means of curves based on 

discharge measurements and observer's notes. Open-water records good; winter 

records roughly approximate.

COOPERATION. Records have been collected and computations of daily discharge 

made by United States Engineer Corps. Open-water records obtained from rating 

curves based on discharge measurements made by United States Geological 

Survey.

No discharge measurements were made at this station during the year.

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Fox River at Berlin, Wis., for the year ending Sept.

 30, 1921.

Day.

1.. ............

2....... .....

3..............

4..............

5..............

6..............

7..........

8..............

9..............

10........

11......

12.......

13........

14......

15.........

16.......

17....... . .

18.............

19....... .

20........... .

21.....

22.......

23......... .

24..............

25..............

26..............

27.............

28..............

29..............

30..............

31..............

Oct.

705

705

705

705

675

675

675

675

675

675

675

645

675

675

675

675

675

675

735

735

735

735

735

735

735

705

705

705

705

705

705

Nov.

765

800

830

865

865

865

905

940

975

1,060

1,020

675

1,020

940

940

905

865

865

905

975

1,100

1,140

1,180

1,220

1,220

1,270

1,270

1,270

1,270

Dec.

1,270

1,270

1,220

1,220

1,180

1,140

1,100

1,060

1,060

1,020

1,020

1,020

1,020

1,060

1,100

905

800

905

940

940

865

865

865

865

830

830

830

830

830

Jan,

865

905

905

865

865

865

905

905

905

905

830

800

735

705

705

705

705

675

645

705

905

1,100

1,140

1,100

1,100

1,140

1,140

1,140

1,140

1,140

1,100

Feb.

1,100

1,020

1,020

975

1,020

07^

975

975

975

975

Q7K

975

975

1,100

1,140

1,140

],140

1,140

1,100

1,100

1,140

1 060

Mar.

1,060

1,140

1,220

1,320

1,320

],420

1,520

1,570

1,620

1,680

1,680

1,680

1,680

1,620

1,570

1,570

1,570

1,620

1,620

1,680

1,680

1,620

1,570

1, f>70

1, 6SO

1,680

1,740

1,680

1,570

1,520

1,520

Apr,

,420

,360

,270

,220

,180

1,140

1,100

1,060

1,140

1,180

1,220

1,220

1,180

1,180

1,180

1,140

1,020

1,100

1,100

1,100

1,140

1,220

],360

1,420

1,420

1,520

1,740

2,040

2,240

2,380

May.

2,450

2,450

2,380

2,310

2,240

2,170

2,040

1,980

1,910

1,800

1,680

1, 570

1,460

1,420

1,320

1,270

1,220

1,270

1,270

1,270

1,220

1,220

1,140

1,100

1, 10.)

1,020

1,100

1,270

1,270

1,220

1,180

June.

1,180

1,180

1,220

1,180

1,140

1,060

1,100

1,140

1,100

1,100

1,060

1,020

975

975

940

940

905

865

830

800

800

765

765

615

705

675

735

765

735

735

July.

705

675

705

645

645

645

645

705

675

645

645

615

615

590

590

590

560

560

590

590

590

560

560

535

535

560

590

590

615

560

Aug.

560

590

560

535

535

560

560

535

535

560

560

590

590

615

615

615

615

615

615

615

645

645

645

615

615

615

615

616

615

615

645

Sept.

645

645

645

645

645

675

615

615

615

615

615

615

615

615

645-

645

645

675

675

675

765

800

800

765

765

735

705

705

705

705

I""-
STREAMS TRIBUTARY TO LAKE MICHIGAN.

Monthly discharge of Fox River at Berlin, Wis.,for the year ending Sept. SO, 

[Drainage area, 1,430 square miles.]

Month.

December. ....................................

January............... .. .... . ......

March........... .

April..........................................

May...........................................

June. ..........................................

July............. ...

August......................... .. ... . . ...

September. ....................................

The year. ...............................

Discharge in second-feet.

Maximum.

735 

1,270 

1,270 

1,140 

1.180 

1,740 

2,380 

2, 450 

1,220 

705 

645 

800

2,450

Minimum.

645 

675 

800 

645 

975 

1,060 

1,020 

1,020 

615 

535 

535 

615

535

Mean.

697 

996 

989 

911 

1,060 

1,550 

1,330 

1,560 

934 

610 

595 

674

991

Per 

square 

mile.

0.487 

.697 

.692 

.637 

.741 

1.08 

.930 

1.09 

.653 

.427 

.416 

.471

.693

Run-off 

in inches.

0.56 

.78 

.80 

.73 

.77 

1.24 

1.04 

1.26 

.73 

.49 

.48 

.53

9.41

NOTE. Monthly discharge computed by II. S. Geol. Survey from records of daily discharge furnished 

by the United States Engineer Corps.

FOX RIVER AT RAPIDE CROCHE DAM, NEAR WRIGHTSTOWN, WIS.

LOCATION. At Rapide Croche dam, in sec. 4, T. 21 N., R. 19 E., 2 miles from 

Wrightstown, Brown County, 19 miles downstream from Lake Winnebago, and 

20 miles upstream from mouth of river at Green Bay.

RECORDS AVAILABLE. March 3, 1896, to September 30, 1921.

DRAINAGE AREA. 6,150 square miles (measured on map issued by Wisconsin Geological and Natural History Survey, edition of 1911; scale, 1 inch=6 miles).

DETERMINATION op DISCHARGE. The dam, owned and operated by the United 

States Engineer Corps to aid navigation, is made of timber and is equipped with 

four needle sluice gates which are used only in times of high water. A vertical 

staff gage at the lower end of the canal leadin? to the lock and about a quarter of 

a mile below the dam is read five times daily, at 7 a. m., 9 a. m., noon, 3 p. m., 

and 6 p. m. The mean flow for the day is computed from a formula using the 

five gage heights for the day, assuming gradual changes in gage height between 

the readings, and weighting the different gage heights by elapsed time.

EXTREMES op DISCHARGE. Maximum mean daily discharge during year, 14,200 

second-feet April 28; minimum mean daily discharge, 742 second-feet August 15. 

1918-1921: Maximum mean daily discharge, 16,600 second-feet April 10, 1920; 

minimum mean daily discharge, 742 second-feet August 15, 1921. Information 

relative to daily maximum and minimum, 1896-1917, may be obtained from 

the United States Army Engineers office, Milwaukee, Wis.

REGULATION. The flow past the station is controlled by regulation in Lake Winnebago which has an area of 215 square miles and to some extent by dams between 

the outlet of Lake Winnebago and the station, the dams being operated for power 

purposes and in the interests of navigation. Throughout the period covered by 

the records the same storage conditions have existed.

ACCURACY. Records are considered good.

COOPERATION. The records were collected and computations of daily discharge 

made by the United States Army engineers based on curves which were developed 

by current-meter measurements made by engineers of the United States Geological Survey.

No discharge measurements were made at this station during the year.
28 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1921, PAET IV.

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Fox River at Rapid Croche dam, near Wrightstown,

Wis.,for the year ending Sept. 30, 1921.

Day.

1. .............

2..............

3..............

4..............

5..............

6..............

7..............

8..............

9..............

10. .............

11..............

12..............

13..............

14..............

15..............

16..............

17..............

18..............

19..............

20..............

'il. .............

22..............

23..............

24..............

25..............

26..............

27..............

28..............

29.... ..........

30..............

31..............

Oct.

2,530

2,440

2,050

1,540

2,270

2,380

2,340

2,360

2,290

1,940

1 600

2* 690

2,570

2,500

2,400

2,320

1,860

2,010

2,780

2,840

2,880

2,890

2,720

1,870

1,820

2,630

2,700

2,740

2,810

2,820

2,130

Nov.

2,110

3,040

3,060

3,210

3,110

3,220

2,400

2,750

4,000

3,900

4,120

3,900

3,970

2,960

2,290

3,900

4,000

4,070

3,740

3,980

2,780

2,550

4,090

4,340

4,100

4,240

4,400

3,090

2,620

4,050

Dec.

4 280

4,180

4,180

4,160

3,050

2,620

4,420

4,49tt

4,490

3,440

3,300

4,680

4,490

3,450

4,000

3,730

3,040

2,650

4 240

4,560

3,970

3,040

3,410

4,200

3,990

4,120

4,380

4,440

Jan.

4,170

3,300

3,860

4,370

4,190

4 OKA

4,370

3,420

3,320

4,060

3,950

4,480

4,180

3,240

4,060

4,240

A. QRfi

5,490

5,200

4,170

4,650

4 740

4,410

A 7ftA

4,750

4,570

.3,710

4,450

Feb.

4,960

4,550

4,570

4 830

4! 760

3,740

4,370

4

1 on

4,260

4,710

4,990

4 540

3^610

4

JCA

4,510

4,730

4,350

4,340

3

fi.Af\

A £rtn

4,840

4,720

4,770

i snn

4,200

3,750

4,520

"

Mar.

4.780

5,140

5,010

4,990

4,490

4,lfiO

4,860

5.060

4,810

4,920

4,850

4,430

4,190

4,850

4,800

4,830

5,080

5,270

5,030

4,940

5,120

5,360

5,520

5,630

£,700

5,340

4,930

5,200

5,800

5,980

5,540

Apr.

5,880

5.910

5,360

5,840

5,810

5,490

5,660

5,380

5,170

4,730

5,610

5,760

5,360

5,990

5,890

4,930

4,420

5,440

5,840

5,840

5,900

6,340

6,780

7,550

8,620

11,300

13,700

14,200

13,700

13,300

May.

12,300

11,400

11,700

11,800

12,200

9,020

9,290

5,490

7,340

10,300

10 600

8^800

8,920

8,750

6.890

6,350

6,900

7,140

7,160

5,970

5,260

4,310

4,930

5,650

5, £00

5,550

5.660

5,520

4,310

4,130

4,580

June.

5,400

5,570

5,410

4,980

3,810

3,970

A Af7f\

4,440

4,800

5,120

4,700

3,510

3,530

4,710

4,860

5,090

5,010

4,800

3,180

3,600

4,740

4,680

4,740

4,480

3,280

3,060

4,100

4,280

4,160

July.

4,080

3,760

2.320

1,630

2,410

2,620

3,070

3,080

2,940

2,120

1,980

2,630

2,520

2,440

2,240

2,440

1,640

1,720

2,020

2,040

2,360

2,330

2,000

1.490

1,900

2,120

2,330

2,360

2,510

2,610

1,900

Ang.

1,790

2,000

2,030

2,300

2,360

2,390

1,730

1,780

1,990

1,960

1,990

1,870

1,360

908

742

1,040

771

1,050

1,160

2,060

1,420

942

1,350

1,200

1,220

1,580

1 400

1,'200

1,260

1,280

1,280

Sept,

1,380

1,290

1,260

1,210

1,380

1,560

1,240

1,340

1,470

1,380

1,230

1,570

1,520

1,440

1,450

1,540

1,500

1,170

1,450

1,570

1,430

1,370

1,280

1,340

1,170

1,330

1,580

1,560

1,660

1,570

Monthly discharge of Fox River at Rapid Croche dam, near Wrightetown, Wis., for the

year ending Sept. 30, 1921. 

[Drainage area, 6,150 square miles.]

Discharge in second-feet.

Month.

October .......................................

March ....

May...........................................

July...........................................

Maximum.

2,890

4,400

4,680

5,490

4,990

5,980

14,200

12,300

5,570

4,080

2,390

1,660

14,200

Minimum.

1,540

2,110

2,620

3,240

3,610

4.160

4,420

4,130

3,060

1,490

742

1,170

742

Mean.

2,380

3,470

3,940

4,260

4,440

5,050

7,060

7,540

4,440

2,370

1,530

1,410

3,990

Per 

square 

mile.

0.387

.564

.641

.693

.722

..821

1.15

1.28

' .722

.385

.249

.229

.649

Run-off 

in inches.

0.45

.63

.74

.80

.75

.95

1.28

1.42

.81

.44

.29

.26

8.82

NOTE. Monthly discharge computed by U. S. Geol. Survey from daily-discharge record furnished by 

U. S. Engineer Corps.

WOLF RIVER AT KESHENA, WIS.

LOCATION. In sec. 26, T. 28 N., R. 15 E., at highway bridge at Keshena, Shawano 

County, 3 miles below junction with West Branch of Wolf River, coming in from 

right.

DRAINAGE AREA. 840 square miles.

RECORDS AVAILABLE. May 9, 1907, to March 31, 1909; February 10,1911, to September 30, 1921.

GAGE. Chain gage fastened to downstream side of bridge December 9, 1914; May 9, 

1907, to November 29,1914, vertical staff gage fastened to downstream abutment; 

both gages at same datum; read by G. Sloniker.
STEEAMS TRIBUTARY TO LAKE MICHIGAN. 29

DISCHARGE MEASUREMENTS. Made from bridge to which gage is attached.

CHANNEL AND CONTROL. Gravel; smooth and practically permanent. Banks of 

medium height; overflow improbable.

EXTREMES OF DISCHARGE. Maximum stage recorded during year, 6.5 feet April 29 

and 30 (discharge, 3,760 second-feet); minimum discharge, estimated because of 

ice, 380 second-feet February 19.

1907-1909 and 1911-1921: Maximum discharge recorded, 3,910 second-feet 

September 2, 1912; minimum discharge during open-water periods, 275 secondfeet September 26, 1908.

ICE. Stage-discharge relation seriously affected by ice.

REGULATION. The river and its main tributaries above Keshena are controlled to 

some extent by logging dams.

ACCURACY. Stage-discharge relation permanent. Rating curve well defined between 

380 and 1,920 second-feet; extension above and below these limits subject to error. 

Gage read to quarter-tenths twice daily. Daily discharge ascertained by applying 

mean daily gage height to rating table, except for period when stage-discharge relation was affected by ice, for which it was ascertained, by applying to rating table 

mean daily gage height corrected for ice effect by means of discharge measurements, observer's notes, and weather records. Open-water records good; winter 

records roughly approximate.

Discharge measurements of Wolf River at Keshena, Wis., during the year ending Sept. SO,

1921.

Date.

Feb. 11

Made by 

S. E. Collins. . .........

.....do.................

Gage 

height.

Feel. 

a4.76

"3.24

Discharge.

Sec.-ft. 

660

44Q

Date.

Mar. 11

July 21

Made by 

S. JR. Collins...........

height.

Feet. 

02.99

1.55

Discharge.

Sec.-ft, 

509

563

"'Stage-discharge relation affected by ice. 

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Wolf River at Keshena, Wis., for the year ending Sept. SO,

Day.

1....... .......

2..............

3..............

4..............

5..............

6..............

7..............

8..............

9..............

10..............

11..............

12..............

13..............

14..............

15..............

16..............

17..............

18..............

19..............

20..............

21..............

22..............

23..............

24..............

25..............

26...............

27...............

28...............

29...............

30...............

31...............

Oct.

590

590

590

552

590

571

552

515

515

590

672

630

590

590

715

806

760

672

630

672

715

715

715

715

715

590

715

630

672

672

672

Nov.

806

806

760

760

760

715

715

715

715

715

672

630

590

550

550

550

552

590

630

672

715

760

901

760

630

444

552

552

552

630

Dec.

672

630

672

760

760

715

672

672

630

672

590

590

552

715

901

853

806

760

760

760

715

715

715

715

715

715

715

715

715

715

715

Jan.

715

715

670

670

660

590

590

590

515

515

550

515

515

550

630

590

550

590

515

630

670

670

630

630

590

550

515

515

515

445

515

Feb.

515

480

480

480

480

480

445

445

445

480

450

445

445

445

445

445

445

445

380

410

410

445

445

AAX.

445

445

445

445

Mar.

480

515

515

515

515

515

515

515

515

515

510

515

£15

515

515

515

515

515

515

550

590

715

900

1.110

1,400

1,850

2,190

2.260

2,060

1,660

1,850

Apr.

1,660

1,530

1,460

1,460

1,530

1,400

1,460

1,660

1,590

1,530

1,400

1,340

1,280

1,280

1,280

1,220

1,220

1,160

1,000

1,000

1,050

1,280

1,530

1,530

1,590

1,660

2,840

3,680

3,760

3,760

May.

2,990

2,190

2,120

1,990

1,530

1,530

1,460

1,400

1,400

1,280

1,460

1,340

1,110

1,340

1,220

1,160

1,000

1,160

1,000

950

950

1,050

1,000

901

760

909

950

1,000

1,000

1,000

950

June.

853

760

806

806

806

715

901

1,000

950

950

950

1,000

950

901

853

806

oni

715

672

630

630

515

552

590

552

590

630

552

552

July.

552

552

552

590

552

552

630 *630

630

630

630

630

630

590

672

630

590

590

630

590

590

552

515

552

552

590

552

V\9

552

515

Aug.

479

515

479

479

479

479

479

479

479

552

715

672

715

672

672

672

672

590

444

715

672

630

590

515

479

479

672

672

715

715

715

Sept.

672

630

590

590

590

552

552

590

590

590

552

590

590

552

552

552

479

479

47Q

479

479

479

479

47Q

479

479

760

760

715

672

NOTE. Stage-discharge relation affected by ice Nov. 12-16, 18, 19, and Dec. 18 to Mar. 25. Gage not 

read Oct. 6; discharge interpolated.

34897 23 WSP 524 3
30 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1921, PART IV.

Monthly discharge of Wolf River at Keshena, Wis., for the year ending Sept. SO, 1921. 

[Drainage area, 840 square miles.]

Month.

March. . ...

April..........................................

May...........................................

July...........................................

The year.... ............................

Discharge in second-feet.

Maximum.

806 

901 

901 

715 

515 

2,260 

3,760 

2,990 

1,000 

672 

715 

760

3,760

Minimum.

515 

444 

552 

445 

380 

480 

1,000 

760 

515 

515 

444 

 479

380

Mean.

643

665 

710 

584 

450 

867 

1,670 

1,290 

755 

584 

590 

568

783

Per

square 

mile.

0.765 

.792 

.845 

.695 

.536 

1.03 

1.99 

1.54 

.899 

.695 

.702 

.676

.932

Run-off 

in inches.

0.88 

.88 

.97 

.80 

.56 

1.19 

2.22 

1.78 

1.00 

.80 

.81 

.75

12.64

WOLF RIVEE, AT NEW LONDON, WIS.

LOCATION. In sec. 12, T. 22 N., R. 14 E., at Pearl Street highway bridge, New London, 

Waupaca County. Embarrass River enters from right three-fourths of a mile 

above station, and Little Wolf River, also from right, enters 5 miles below.

DRAINAGE AREA. 2,240 square miles (measured on map issued by Wisconsin Geological and Natural History Survey, edition of 1911; scale, 1 inch=6 miles.)

RECORDS AVAILABLE. October 1, 1913, to September 30, 1921. Unpublished gage 

heights March 1,1899, to September 30, 1913, are in the files of the office of the 

United States Engineer Corps, Milwaukee, Wis.

GAGE. Staff gage, graduated from 1.0 to 13.0 feet, fastened to right hand downstream 

pier of Pearl Street Bridge. Datum of the gage raised 0.641 foot on March 1,1911, 

according to information furnished by United States Engineer Corps; zero of gage 

is at an elevation of 748.874 feet above mean sea level, New York City datum.

DISCHARGE MEASUREMENTS. Made from Shawano Street Bridge four blocks below

CHANNEL AND CONTROL. Sand, hard pan, and mud; not permanent. Control not well 

defined. Banks at the gage fairly high. During flood stages the water from 

Embarrass River flows across the city of New London into the channel of Wolf 

River below the gage.

EXTREMES OP DISCHARGE. Maximum stage recorded during year, 8.8 feet May 3 (discharge, 6,560 second-feet); minimum stage, 0.8 foot August 8 and 9 (discharge, 780 

second-feet.

1914-1921: Maximum discharge recorded, 10.3 feet March 28 and 29, 1920 

(discharge, 10,800 second-feet); minimum discharge, about 700 second-feet, 

February 6-9, 1918. The United States Army Engineer's office reports a stage of 

11.6 feet on April 16, 1888.

ICE. Stage-discharge relation affected by ice.

REGULATION. Little if any diurnal fluctation due to operation of power plants above 

station, has been observed at gage.

ACCURACY. Stage-discharge relation not permanent. Rating curve only fairly well 

defined. Gage read to tenths once daily. Daily discharge ascertained by applying daily gage height to rating table, except for period when stage-discharge 

relation was affected by ice, for which it was obtained by applying to rating table 

daily gage height corrected for ice effect by means of discharge measurements, 

observer's notes, and weather records. Open-water records fair; winter records 

roughly approximate.
STREAMS TRIBUTARY TO LAKE MICHIGAN. 31

Discharge measurements of Wolf River at New London, Wis., during the year ending

Sept. 30, 1921.

Date.

ftnt 07

Feb. 12

Made by 

.....do..................

Gage 

height.

Feet.

9 4.9

03.85

03.15

Discharge.

Sec-.Jt. 

1,360

1,310

1,010

Date.

Apr. 26

Jmv 99

Made by &L

Feet. 

6.29

1.80

Discharge.

Sec.-ft. 

3,290

1,080

a Stage-discharge relation affected by ice.

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Wolf River at New London, Wis., for the year ending

Sept. SO, 1921.

Day.

1....... .......

2... ...........

3..............

4..............

5..............

6..............

7..............

8..............

9..............

10..............

11..............

12..............

13..............

14...............

15..............

16...............

17...............

18...............

19...............

20...............

21...............

22...............

23...............

24..............

25..............

26..............

27..............

28..............

29.............. 

30..............

31..............

Oct.

900

930

930

930

930

930

900

900

960

960

onn

1,140

1,380

1,460

1,420

1,380

1,340

1,420

1,460

1,540

1,420'

1,380

1,380

1,380

1,340

1,340

1,300

1,300

1,220 

1,140

1,140

Nov.

1,180

1,380

1,500

1,770

1,900

1,860

1,860

1,820

1,720

1,820

1,770

1,640

1,500

1,260

1,260

1 340

l!420

1,500

1 380

l'300

1,420

i fwin

1,590

1,680

1,820

1,860

1,770

1,680

1,540 

1,540

Dec.

1,540

1,540

1,590

1,680

1,680

1,720

1,720

1,640

1,540

1,500

1,460

1,460

1,420

1,500

1,680

1,640

1,590

1,590

1,540

1,500

1,500

1,460

1,420

1,420

1,380

1,380

1,340

1,340

1,340 

1,300

1,340

Jan.

1,340

1,340

1,380

1,340

1,340

1,300

1,300

1,260

1,260

1,180

1,260

1,300

1,300

1,180

1,030

960

930

1,030

1,030

900

900

900

1,300

1,300

1,300

1,220

1,220

1,180

1,060 

1,060

960

Feb.

960

960

1,030

1,030

1,030

960

960

930

900

900

930

900

995

1,030

1,030

1,030

1,030

1,060

1,060

1,060

1,060

1,060

1,060

1,060

1,060

1,060

1,060

1,060

Mar.

1,100

1,100

1,100

1,140

1,180

1,180

1,220

1,260

1,260

1,300

1,340

1,420

1,500

1,590

1,770

1,900

2,090

2,290

2,500

2,720

2,940

3,040

3,160

3,360

3,850

4,480

4,610

4,900

4,900 

4,900

4,610

Apr.

4,480

4,480

4,360

4,030

3,850

3,760

3,670

3,430

3,430

3,430

3,430

3,360

3,220

3,430

3,360

3,220

3,100

3,100

2,990

2,940

2,820

2,720

2,940

3,040

3,160

3,290

3,670

4,030

4,240 

4,900

May.

5,570

6,350

6,560

6,350

5,950

5,570

5,210

4,610

4,030

3,760

3,510

3,290

3,160

2,990

2,820

2,550

2,500

2,390

2,340

2,190

O 14A

9 14A

2,090

9 H4.fl

2,000

1,900

1,900

2,190 

2,290

2.340

June.

2,290

2,090

1,950

1,900

1,770

1,590

1,640

1,640

1,720

1,860

2,040

3,040

2,140

2,240

2,290

2,290

2,190

2,000

1,770

1,540

1,460

1 34fl

1,300

1,260

1,180

1,100

1,060

1,030

1,100 

1,060

July.

1,060

1,030

1,030

995

870

870

900

1,030

995

1,030

1,180

1,100

1,060

995

900

onn

Qftf)

900

ofin

1,030

1,060

1,100

1,100

1,060

ofin

930

QCK

1,100

1,030 

995

960

Aug.

930

900

870

870

870

870

870

780

780

810

840

840

960

1,060

1,140

1,100

1,100

1,100

995

930

960

1,030

995

960

930

900

QQfl

960

930 

960

1,030

Sept.

1,060

1,060

1,030

995

995

Qfin

900

870

900

960

Qfifi

Qfifi

995

QQf*

Qfifl

QQrt

QAA

960

930

995

1,220

1 Wl

1,300

1 340

1*460

1,340

1,380

i o^n

1,300 

1,260

NOTE. -Stage-discharge relation affected by ice Dec. 16 to Mar. 18.

Monthly discharge of Wolf River at New London, Wis., for the year ending Sept. 30, 

[Drainage area, 2,240 square miles.]

Month.

April. . ........................................

July...........................................

September. ....................................

Discharge in second-feet.

Maximum.

1,5« 

1,900 

1,720 

1,380 

1,060 

4,900 

4,900 

6,560 

2,290 

1,180 

1,140 

1,460

6,560

Minimum.

900 

1,180 

1,300 

900 

900 

1,100 

2,720 

1,900 

1,030 

870 

780 

870

780

Mean.

1,200 

1,590 

1,510 

1,170 

1,010 

2,440 

3,530 

3,400 

1,700 

1,000 

942 

1,090

1,720

Per

square 

mile.

0.536 

.710 

.674 

.522 

.451 

1.09 

1.58 

1.52 

.759 

.446 

.421 

.487

.768

Run-off 

in inches.

a 62 

.79 

.78 

.60 

.47 

1.26 

1.76 

1.75 

.85 

.51 

.4fr 

.54

10.42.
32 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1921, PART IV.

EMBARRASS RIVER NEAR EMBARRASS, WIS.

IOCATION. At highway bridge on line between T. 26 N., R. 14 E., and T. 26 N., 

R. 15 E., 1 mile downstream from mouth of Mill Creek, coming in from left, and 

4 miles upstream from Embarrass, Shawano County.

DRAINAGE AREA. 395 square miles (measured on map issued by Wisconsin Geological 

and Natural History Survey, edition of 1911; scale, 1 inch=6 miles).

RECORDS AVAILABLE. June 5, 1919, to September 30, 1921.

GAGE. Chain gage fastened to downstream handrail; read by Charles MurasM.

CHANNEL AND CONTROL. Bed of channel at gage and downstream heavy gravel. 

Riffle about 100 feet downstream forms control. Right bank high and will never 

be overflowed. Left bank of medium height and will be overflowed at a stage of 

about 9 feet.

DISCHARGE MEASUREMENTS. Made from downstream side of bridge to which gage 

is attached.

EXTREMES OF DISCHARGE. Maximum stage recorded during year, 8.20 feet at 5 p. m. 

March 21 (discharge, 3,150 second-feet); minimum discharge, 100 second-feet, 

January 10.

1919-1921: Maximum stage recorded, 8.20 feet at 5. p. m. March 21, 1921 

(discharge, 3,150 second-feet); minimum stage, 2.52 feet at 7.05 a. m. August 2, 

1920 (discharge, 52 second-feet).

ICE. Stage-discharge relation seriously affected by ice.

REGULATION. Several dams above station create head for the development of power 

but they do not have enough storage to cause any but slight daily fluctuations in 

stage.

ACCURACY. Stage-discharge relation permanent. Rating curve well defined between 

114 and 2,800 second-feet. Gage read to hundredths twice daily. Daily discharge 

ascertained by applying mean daily gage height to rating table except during 

period when stage-discharge relation was affected by ice for which it was obtained 

by applying to rating table mean daily gage height corrected, for ice effect by 

means of discharge measurements, observer's notes, and weather records. Openwater records good; winter records fair.

Discharge measurements of Embarrass River near Embarrass, Wis., during the year ending

Sept. SO,

Date.

Feb. 11

Mar. 11

Made by 

S.R.Collins. ..........

.....do.................

.....do.................

Gage 

height.

Feet. 

03.51 <>3.45

3.18

Discharge.

Sec.-ft. 

184

159

231

Date.

May 5

July 22

Made by 

S. R. Collins....

Gage 

height.

Feet. 

3.84

3.06

Discharge.

Sec.-ft. 

516

1S5

a Stage-discharge relation affected by ice.
STREAMS TEIBUTAEY TO LAKE MICHIGAN. 33

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Embarrass River near Embarrass, Wis., for the year

ending Sept. 30, 1921.

Day.

1..............

2..............

3..............

4..............

5..............

6..............

7..............

8..............

9..............

10..............

11..............

12..............

13..............

14..............

15..............

16..............

17..............

18..............

19..............

20..............

21..............

22..............

23..............

24..............

25..............

26..............

27..............

28..............

29..............

30..............

31..............

Oct.

149

140

149

130

112

104

130

117

130

143

235

386

312

259

247

274

312

299

299

266

251

239

225

221

221

232

221

221

183

167 i<>a

Nov.

183

346

598

550

502

478

364

364

338

320

280

240

205

205

205

185

185

177

164

161

167

221

351

351

333

316

278

255

243

255

Dec.

278

282

333

307

342

303

282

251

235

235

214

200

210

364

455

386

365

320

280

240

205

365

340

320

280

260

240

220

205

220

240

Jan.

240

240

220

205

185

180

115

110

105

100

105

110

105

110

110

115

125

125

120

170

210

260

260

250

260

240

205

185

170

135

145

Feb.

130

135

145

135

145

125

125

120

125

130

160

165

170

170

185

196

196

190

190

183

170

170

164

170

170

155

155

155

Mar.

155

165

177

170

183

239

247

299

203

196

232

282

270

247

228

217

221

282

282

409

2,870

2,590

1,720

1,240

1,120

902

955

955

1,010

955

772

Apr.

647

502

478

502

526

526

550

550

647

672

672

647

598

502

502

455

409

409

364

342

342

364

697

798

798

850

1,540

2,450

2,380

1,780

May.

1,240

1,120

902

672

502

478

409

386

364

342

324

303

286

274

259

266

282

278

295

329

324

266

239

214

214

274

342

346

329

2S6

June.

282

247

225

217

9nn

196

196

255

364

364

455

502

502

502

478

455

303

251

203

186

177

183

161

149

143

143

186

149

161

164

July.

143

132

127

127

127

124

130

135

286

247

183

143

143

140

143

146

143

146

203

232

262

203

173

170

225

274

243

221

183

158

143

Aug.

140

143

143

137

132

124

117

124

124

124

167

247

364

342

274

193

177

155

152

149

140

137

146

143

143

143

152

149

149

137

146

Sept.

146

149

146

137

164

170 isft

177

161

167

164

164

158

161

170

170

180

193

247

291

262

225

210

214

193

183

186

183

NOTE. Stage-discharge relation affected by ice Nov. 10-17, Dec. 17 to Feb. 15, and Feb. 25 to Mar. 2.

Monthly discharge of Embarrass River near Embarrass, Wis., for the year ending Sept.

SO, 1921. 

[Drainage area, 395 square miles.]

Month.

March .. .

April..........................................

May...........................................

July...........................................

Discharge in second-feet. '

Maximum.

386 

598 

455 

260 

196 

2,870 

2,450 

1,240 

502 

286 

364 

291

2,870

Minimum.

104 

161 

200 

100 

120 

155 

342 

214 

143 

124 

117 

127

100

Mean.

211 

294 

283 

168 

158 

638 

750 

400 

267 

176 

165 

180

308

Per 

square 

mile.

0.534 

.744 

.716 

.425 

.400 

1.62 

1.90 

1.01 

.676 

.446 

.418 

.456

.780

Run-off 

in inches.

0.62 

.83 

.83 

.49 

.42 

1.87 

2.12 

1.16 

.75 

.51 

.48 

.51

10.59

LITTLE WOLF RIVER AT ROYALTON, WIS.

LOCATION. In sec. 1, T. 22 N., R. 13 E., at highway bridge at Royalton, Waupaca 

County, 4 miles above mouth of river.

DRAINAGE ABBA. 485 square miles (measured on map issued by Wisconsin Geelogical 

and Natural History Survey, edition of 1911; scale, 1 inch==6 miles).

RECORDS AVAILABLE. January 13, 1914, to September 30,1921.

GAGE. Sloping gage on left bank 150 feet upstream from highway bridge; read by 

J. C. Jensen. Prior to August 20, 1915, a chain gage fastened to upstream side 

of highway bridge was used. Datum of the sloping gage is 0.75 foot higher than 

that of the chain gage; owing to change in slope, however, difference between 

the readings on the slope gage and chain gage is not constant.
34 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1921, PART IV.

DISCHARGE MEASUREMENTS. Made from a cable, about 500 feet upstream from 

gage or by wading.

CHANNEL AND CONTROL. Stream bed at gage section consists of heavy gravel and 

rock; fairly permanent. At the measuring section bed is fine, smooth gravel. 

Neither bank is overflowed to any extent at flood stages.

EXTREMES OP DISCHARGE. Maximum stage recorded during the year 4.04 feet at 

6 p. m. April 28 (discharge, 2,110 second -feet); minimum stage recorded, 1.15 

feet at 7 a. m. August 22 and 5.30 p. m. September 2 (discharge, 161 second-feet). 

1914-1921: Maximum stage recorded, 7.5 feet at 7.15 p. m. June 7, 1914 (discharge, 5,350 second-feet); minimum discharge, about 130 second-feet, March 5 

and 6, 1916, and January 23, 1917.

ICE. Stage-discharge relation affected by ice.

REGULATION. The few power plants above the station have little storage. No 

diurnal fluctuation has been observed at the gage.

ACCURACY. Stage-discharge relation fairly permanent. Rating curve well denned 

between 170 and 3,220 second-feet. Gage read to quarter-tenths twice daily. 

Daily discharge ascertained by applying mean daily gage height to rating table, 

except for period when stage-discharge relation was affected by ice, for which 

it was obtained by applying to rating table mean daily gage height corrected for 

ice effect by means of discharge measurements, observer's notes, and weather 

records. Open-water records good; winter records fair.

Discharge measurements of Little Wolf River at Royalton, Wis., during the year ending

Sept. SO, mi.

Date.

Oct. 26

Feb. 12

Mar.' 12

Made by 

.....do.................

Gage 

height.

Feet. 

1.59

ol.97

2.25

Discharge.

Sec.-ft. 

275

267

650

Date.

Apr. 26

July 23

Made by 

A. O. Olson. ...........

Gage 

height.

Feet. 

2.57

1.40

Discharge.

Sec.-ft. 

827

185

a Stage-discharge, relation affected by ice,

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Little Wolf River at Royalton, Wis., for the year ending

Sept. SO., 1921.

Day.

1..............

2..............

3..............

4..............

5..............

6..............

7..............

8..............

9..............

10..............

11..............

12..............

13..............

14..............

15..............

16..............

17..............

18..............

19..............

20..............

21..............

22..............

23..............

24..............

25..............

26..............

27..............

28

29..............

30..............

31..............

Oct.

235

240

221

214

204

204

214

230

221

240

250

328

466

376

412

412

402

412

428

402

412

328

314

297

297

297

260

235

221

230

991

Nov.

297

392

'. 472

466

466

501

501

501

466

466

428

376

361

376

qjo

342

342

297

314

342

501

620

560

530

444

392

111

560

560

650

Dec.

620

590

530

530

501

530

501

530

342

361

342

444

590

650

650

620

710

740

770

770

770

710

son

500

470

465

460

460

455

450

450

Jan.

445

440

440

435

430

420

420

415

395

375

355

335

320

310

OAA

295

290

285

280

375

275

97 e;

275

275

275

275 97";

275

275

275

O7K

Feb.

270

270

270

270

270

270

270

270

265

265

265

265

265

265

265

265

265

265

265

265

265

265

260

260

260

260

318

366

Mar.

590

650

620

530

590

830

770

740

770

710

650

620

650

650

620

650

710

680

710

900

935

970

900

865

830

900

830

830

740

650

650

Apr.

590

620

650

530

560

590

650

650

650

710

650

710

650

620

620

650

590

530

444

392

530

770

770

620

740

830

1,770

2,070

2,070

1,870

May.

1,570

1,300

865

710

590

530

472

407

472

590

501

444

328

366

407

417

392

444

530

461

417

407

356

342

310

243

310

830

800

710

530

June .

461

407

356

356

356

366

461

590

650

590

530

472

461

530

472

444

407

376

342

328

276

276

276

?69

243

269

269

250

238

243

July.

238

216

197

204

204

204

188

192

211

192

188

192

197

211

211

216

216

221

238

216

211

216

211

216

221

230

238

243

238

238

243

Aug.

221

216

211

216

211

216

204

192

192

188

192

188

192

192

181

192

197

192

192

192

174

166

188

181

174

188

197

188

170

174

174

Sept.

170

166

170

174

174

1SS

181

192

188

174

192

211

181

238

221

204

197

211

192

188

276

269

230

243

243

238

243

221

204

204

NOTE. Stage-discharge relation affected by ice Dec. 19 to Feb. 26.
STREAMS TRIBUTARY TO LAKE MICHIGAN". 35

Monthly discharge of Little Wolf River at Royalton, Wis., for the year ending Sept. 30,

1921.

[Drainage area, 485 square miles.]

Month.

January .......................................

April..........................................

May...........................................

July...........................................

September... . .................................

The year ................................

Discharge in second-feet.

Maximum.

466 

650 

770 

445 

366 

970 

2,070 

1,570 

650 

243 

221 

276

2,070

Minimum.

204 

297 

342 

275 

260 

530 

392 

243 

238 

188 

166 

166

166

Mean.

298 

444 

552 

332 

271 

734 

803 

550 

385 

215 

192 

206

416

Per 

square 

mile.

0.614 

.915 

1.14 

.685 

.569 

1.51 

1.66 

1.13 

.794 

.443 

.396 

.425

.858

Run-off 

in inches.

0.71 

1.02 

1.31 

.79 

.58 

1.74 

1.85 

1.30 

.89 

.51 

.46 

.47

11.03

WAUPACA RIVER NEAR WATTPACA, WIS.

LOCATION. Near north line of sec. 1, T. 21 N., R. 12 E., at Waupaca County highway 

bridge, 4 miles downstream from Waupaca.

DRAINAGE AREA. 305 square miles (measured on map issued by Wisconsin Geological and Natural History Survey, edition of 1911; scale, 1 inch=6 miles).

RECORDS AVAILABLE. October 18, 1917, to September 30, 1921; June 28, 1916, to 

October 18, 1917, records were obtained at a station near Weyauwega, about 1 

mile downstream from present site.

GAGE. Chain gage, bolted to upstream handrail of bridge; read by Harry Radtke.

DISCHARGE MEASUREMENTS. Made from upstream side of bridge or by wading.

CHANNEL AND CONTROL. Bed consists of fine gravel and clay; clean and free from 

vegetation. Control not well defined and is not permanent. Right bank is high 

and is seldom overflowed; left bank of medium height and is overflowed at a stage 

of about 6 feet.

ICE. Stage-discharge relation seriously affected by ice.

EXTREMES OF DISCHARGE. Maximum stage recorded during year, 3.14 feet at 8.20 

a. m. April 27 and 8.30 a. m. April 28 (discharge, 806 second-feet); minimum 

stage, 1.45 feet at 8.30 a. m. July 4, 9 a. m. July 5, and 8 a. m. July 7 (discharge, 

120 second-feet).

1918-1921: Maximum stage recorded, 5.6 feet March 17, 1919 (discharge, 2,600 

second-feet); minimum stage, 1.28 feet November 21, 1920, probably caused by 

regulation (discharge, 96 second-feet).

REGULATION. Power plants at Waupaca and above on the main stream and also 

several on Crystal River may cause slight fluctuation during low stages. The 

pondage at the various plants is small and mean monthly discharge is believed 

to represent nearly the natural flow.

ACCURACY. Stage-discharge relation not permanent. Rating curve fairly well 

defined between 180 and 330 second-feet. Shifting-control method used March 

21 to September 30. For the periods during which the stage-discharge relation 

was affected by ice discharge was determined by applying to rating curve the 

daily gage heights corrected for ice effect by means of discharge measurements, 

observer's notes, and climatic data. Open-water records fair; winter records 

poor.
36 SUBFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1921, PART IV.

Discharge measurements of Waupaca River near Waupaca, Wis., during the year ending

Sept. 30, 1921.

Date.

Jan. 7

,Feb. 14

Mar. 14

Made by 

S. R. Collins...........

.....do..................

.....do..................

Gage 

height.

Fed. 

«2.72

«3.00

2.12

Discharge.

Sec.-ft. 

246

234

338

Date.

Apr. 26

July 23

Made by 

S. R. Collins. . .........

Gage 

height.

Feet. 

2.34

1.70

Discharge.

Sec.-ft. 

440

166

a Stage-discharge relation affected by ice.

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Waupaca River near Waupaca, Wis., for the year ending

Sept 30, 1921.

Day.

1..............

2..............

S.. ............

4..............

6..............

6..............

7..............

8..............

9..............

10..............

11..............

12..............

13..............

14..............

15..............

16..............

17..............

18..............

19..............

20..............

21..............

22..............

23..............

24..............

25..............

26..............

27..............

28..............

29..............

30..............

31..............

Oct.

193

193

193

193

220

206

206

206

206

220

206

206

220

206

206

263

234

248

248

220

206

234

206

220

220

248

206

206

180

206

220

Nov.

234

294

326

294

278

286

294

263

278

278

9Q4

278

235

235

235

235

235

220

206

206

282

359

(IRQ

310

278

278

180

180

180

263

Dec.

180

263

248

248

220

248

248

220

278

248

206

206

206

205

205

205

205

205

205

205

205

180

170

155

155

155

155

155

180

205

Jan.

265

265

265

265

265

250

245

235

220

180

180

130

170

170

160

155

155

170

101

265

310

340

9Q1

280

265

205

170

170

155

155

235

Feb.

205

180

170

195

205

205

205

205

235

250

00 E

205

220

235

265

295

325

310

310

295

295

295

295

295

295

325

360

585

Mar.

483

248

234

310

234

428

410

446

294

278

tJQA

294

294

310

294

326

294

294

310

263

376

376

342

310

310

310

310

310

310

263

310

Apr.

278

220

310

278

278

248

234

278

310

310

326

310

310

310

294

263

234

263

220

234

278

310

359

310

310

393

784

784

631

464

May.

376

342

376

359

294

278

263

263

263

248

248

248

310

278

248

, 263

263

294

310

278

263

234

278

310

263

248

234

263

278

278

263

June.

263

263

234

220

220

206

234

294

294

234

248

220

234

234

206

193

193

180

180

193

193

180

180

180

180

180

180

168

234

180

July

168

155

131

120

120

120

120

168

168

120

155

168

168

168

168

143

143

168

168

168

168

168

168

143

168

168

155

155

143

143

155

Aug.

168

155

155

180

168

155

155

143

155

155

168

168

155

168

155

143

143

168

168

168

168

155

155

168

168

168

168

168

168

168

168

Sept.

168

168

168

168

168

168

193

180

168

180

180

168

168

168

168

180

180

155

180

180

220

248

220

206

234

248

206

193

193

193

NOTE. Stage-discharge relation affected by ice Nov. 13-17 and Dec. 15 to Feb. 28.

Monthly discharge of Waupaca River near Waupaca, Wis., for the year ending Sept. 30,

1921. 

[Drainage area, 305 square miles.]

Month.

October.......................................

December .....................................

March.........................................

April..........................................

May...........................................

July...........................................

Sept ember .....................................

The year................................

Discharge in second-feet.

Maximum.

263

359 

278 

340 

585 

483 

784 

376 

294 

168 

180 

248

784

Minimum.

180 

180 

155 

130 

170 

234 

220 

234 

168 

120 

143 

155

120

Mean.

214 

262 

207 

219 

268 

318 

338 

281 

213 

153 

162 

187

235

Per 

square mile.

0.702 

.859 

.679 

.718 

.879 

1.04 

1.11 

.921 

.698 

.502 

.531 

.613

.770

Run-oft 

in inches.

0.81 

.96 

.78 

.83 

.92 

1.20 

1.24 

1.06 

.78 

.58 

.61 

.68

10.45
STEEAMS TRIBUTARY TO LAKE MICHIGAN. 37

SHEBOTGAN RIVER NEAR SHEBOYGAN, WIS.

LOCATION. In sec. 28, T. 15 N., R. 23 E., 2 miles west of Sheboygan, Sheboygan 

County, and 2\ miles above mouth.

DRAINAGE AREA. 403 square miles (measured on map issued by Wisconsin Geological 

and Natural History Survey, edition of 1911; scale, 1 inch = 6 miles).

RECORDS AVAILABLE. June 30, 1916, to September 30, 1921.

GAGE. Chain gage fastened to upstream side of bridge; read by Wilma Opgenorth.

DISCHARGE MEASUREMENTS. From highway bridge or by wading; at extreme flood 

stages, measurement may be made from Chicago & North Western Railway bridge? 

one-third mile downstream.

CHANNEL AND CONTROL. Control is a well-defined riffle about 200 feet below bridge. 

Stream bed composed of heavy gravel, clear and free from aquatic grass. Banks 

are of medium height and are seldom overflowed.

EXTREMES OP STAGE. Maximum stage recorded during year, 8.05 feet at 4 p. mApril 26*and 8 a. m. April 27 (discharge, 5,060 second-feet); minimum stage, 

1.82 feet at 6 p. m. July 24 (discharge, 17 second-feet).

1916-1921: Maximum stage recorded, 9.40 feet at 7 a. m. March 26, 1920 (discharge, 7,140 second-feet); minimum stage, 1.68 feet at 8.30 a. m. August 3 (discharge, about 7 second-feet).

ICE. Stage-discharge relation affected by ice.

REGULATION. At low stages there is a small amount of diurnal fluctuation due to 

operation of small power plants above.

ACCURACY. Stage-discharge relation fairly permanent. Rating curve well defined 

below 3,000 second-feet; extended above that point. Gage read to hundredths 

twice daily; slight diurnal fluctuation may somewhat impair the accuracy of the 

daily mean gage height. Daily discharge ascertained by applying daily gage 

height to rating table except for period when stage-discharge relation was affected 

by ice, for which it was based on results of discharge measurements, observer's 

notes, and climatologicaj records. Open-water records fair; those for periods of 

ice effect roughly approximate.

Discharge measurements of Sheboygan River near Sheboygan, Wis., during the year ending

Sept. 30, 1921.

Date.

Feb. 25

Apr. 24

24

Made by 

.....do..................

Gage

Feet. 

2.40

5.12

4.87

Discharge.

Sec.-fl. 

128

1,590

1,380

Date.

28

28

Made by 

.....do..................

Gage 

height.

Feet. 

4.56

5.76

5.70

Discharge.

See.-ft. 

1.250

2,240

2,240
38 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1921, PART IV.

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Sheboygan River near Sheboygan, Wis., for the year

ending Sept. 30, 1921.

Day.

1..............

2..............

3..............

4..............

5..............

6..............

7.......... . .

8..............

9..............

10..............

11..............

12..............

13..............

14.......... .

15............ .

16..............

17............ .

18..............

19..............

20..............

21..............

22..............

23..............

24..............

25..............

26..............

27..............

28..............

29..............

30..............

31..............

Oct.

35

34

48

38

54

38

56

28

51

74

68

72

70

70

79

79

66

81

52

48

54

51

37

41

51

74

74

Kfi

74

74

68

Nov.

84

158

172

129

84

106

19Q

172

14S

136

120

105

85

85

85

OQ

OS

11 *

101

136

l&A

oqc

193

1 ^S

145

126

OQl

289 090

Dec.

281

306

235

216

227

186

11Q

176

162

148

142

58

126

342

3,82

120

126

120

110

110

110

105

Of,

90

85

80

75

7K

70

65

7K

Jan.

100

100

100

95

80

125

160

135

120

105

95

80

70

65

60

55

55

55

55

110

195

230

270

210

160

ifin

145

140

10 A

125

Feb.

125

191?

125

125

125

120

120

120

115

115

ITS

98

120

158

180

170

160

i ^n

132

109

84

7Q

74

19fi

Mar.

120

125

125

125

125

125

125

130

140

170

210

280

428

788

815

650

575

575

625

760

550

428

500

870

760

525

450

360

405

328

Apr.

98

98

256

272

227

158

96

142

252

500

338

272

201

172

179

193

120

306

1,180

650

650

1,460

3,300

1,540

2,240

4,980

4,040

2,140

1,540

1,180

May.

1,110

930

760

650 firm

575

346

115

106

19Q

109

126

132

129

118

104

104

109

132

76

96

74

86

126

132

118

123

120

126

106

101

June.

101

101

91

70

60

66

54

58

46

56

72

91

76

66

76

60

66

48

58

64

38

58

40

60

35

38

49

88

239

88

July.

37

52

52

52

48

34

29

56

52

62

49

28

26

38

40

41

46

30

32

24

25

25

35

24

23

38

72

70

44

30

38

Aug.

30

40

26

40

35

35

28

37

26

38

43

81

60

74

48

43

29

58

38

41

38

30

38

29

33

32

43

26

33

25

33

Sept.

44

37

30

46

07

48

35

35

79

62

56

51

32

33

81

81

52

56

49

66

120

88

62

62

93

72

76

79

60

72

NOTE. Stage-discharge relation affected by ice Nov. 12-16, Dec. 19 to Feb. 12, Feb. 18-22, and Mar. 2-13.

Monthly discharge of Sheboygan River near Sheboygan, Wis., for the year ending Sept. SO,

1921.

[Drainage area, 403 square miles .1

Month.

November.....................................

March.

April..........................................

July...........................................

S ept ember . ....................................

Discharge in second-feet.

Maximum.

81 

328 

382 

270 

193 

870 

4,980 

1 110 

239 

72 

81 

120

4,980

Minitnnm.

28 

84 

58 

55 

74 

120 

96 

74 

35 

23 

25 

30

23

Mean.

57.9 

146 

150 

120 

128 

398 

959 

247 

70.4 

40.2 

39.0 

59.8

201

Per 

square 

mile.

0.144 

.362 

.372 

.298 

.318 

.988 

2.38 

.613 

.175 

.0998 

.0968 

.148

.499

Run-off 

in inches.

0.17 

.40 

.43 

.34 

.33 

1.14 

2.66 

.71 

.20 

.12 

.11 

.17

6.78
STREAMS TRIBUTARY TO LAKE MICHIGAN. 39 

MILWAUKEE RIVER NEAR MILWAUKEE, WIS.

LOCATION. In NW. J sec. 5, T. 7 N., R. 22 E., immediately above old quarry near 

north limits of Milwaukee, Milwaukee County, half a mile below concrete highway bridge, 1 mile above Mineral Spring Road, and 5J miles above confluence of 

Milwaukee and Menominee rivers.

DRAINAGE AREA. 661 square miles (measured on map issued by Wisconsin Geological 

and Natural History Survey, edition of 1911; scale, 1 inch=6 miles).

RECORDS AVAILABLE. April 30, 1914, to September 30, 1921.

GAGE. Slope gage set in concrete foundations on the left bank of the river; prior to 

April 18, 1918, chain gage fastened to cantilever arms supported by posts. Both 

gages at same datum. Gage read by Mrs. Richard Kuehl.

CHANNEL AND CONTROL. Bed of channel at gage heavy gravel. About 200 feet 

below gage is a rock outcrop with a 4-foot fall which forms the control, and is 

fairly permanent, changing only during exceptionally heavy floods. Below 

the pontrol the river flows in an artificial channel which at one time was a quarry. 

Left bank above and below the control high and not subject to overflow; right 

bank above control of medium height; below the control the right bank is artificial and of such height that overflows will seldom occur.

DISCHARGE MEASUREMENTS. Made by wading immediately above gage section; 

at medium and high stages from a concrete highway bridge about 1 mile upstream 

from gage.

EXTREMES OP DISCHARGE. Maximum stage recorded during year, 4.7 feet at 5 p. m. 

April 23 and 5 p. m. April 27 (discharge, 4,310 second-feet); minimum stage, 

0.32 foot July 24, 25, 26, 30, 31, August 7, and 14 (discharge, about 29 second feet). 

1914-1921 ^Maximum stage recorded, 9.00 feet March 20, 1918 (discharge, 

about 12,100 second-feet); minimum discharge, about 26 second-feet, August 2, 

1916.

ICE. Stage-discharge relation not affected by ice during year.

REGULATION. No diurnal fluctuation at the gage resulting from operation of small 

plants above.

ACCURACY. Stage-discharge relation permanent; not affected by ice during year. 

Rating curve fairly well defined throughout range of stage which occurred during 

the year. Gage read to quarter-tenths twice daily. Daily discharge ascertained 

by applying mean daily gage height to rating table. At low and medium stage 

records are good; at high stages, fair.

Discharge measurements of Milwaukee River near Milwaukee, Wis., during the year

ending Sept. 30, 1921.

[Made by 8. B. Soul<§.]

Date.

Feb. 26... ..........................................................................

Gage 

height.

Feet. 

o0.91

4.58

Discharge.

Sec.-ft. 

176

4,120

o Only small amount of ice; stage-discharge relation not affected.
40 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1921, PART IV.

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Milwaukee River near Milwaukee, Wis., for the year

ending Sept. 30,

Day.

1........ ......

2..............

3..............

4......... ......

5..............

6..............

7..............

8..............

9..............

10..............

11..............

12..............

13..............

14..............

15..............

16..............

17..............

18..............

19..............

20..............

21..............

22..............

23..............

24..............

25..............

26..............

27..............

28..............

29..............

30..............

31..............

Oct.

87

82

75

75

99

87

87

87

69

65

33

33

75

114

99

99

108

99

118

75

99

108

108

99

82

87

121

130

179

167 it;fi

Nov.

208

208

234

364

266

252

208

239

293

298

252

208

167

239

196

208

167

148

127

141

156

230

376

343

275

275

275

275

188

Dec.

239

275

266

298

323

348

323

284

248

239

239

230

188

323

520

552

520

403

230

520

376

376

348

403

585

585

520

585

490

<tQft

420

Jan.

4Qft

655

655

655

730

655

585

552

552

552

432

520

323

323

275

275

348

298

364

432

432

810

900

950

855

855

655

4on

323

298

o«v>

Feb.

323

348

323

188

221

208

188

148

208

188

167

167

167

167

167

323

323

323

323

275

323

252

230

230

230

188

188

130

Mar.

167

230

376

298

298

230

348

855

615

692

585

520

490

950

950

950

1,000

950

770

1,000

900

770

615

730

692

730

692

655

490

520

585

Apr.

338

298

284

284

270

200

192

261

284

386

490

460

386

318

370

403

308

308

1,540

1,780

1,900

2,020

4,150

2,820

1,900

4,150

4,150

3,540

2,410

1,840

May.

1,100

810

770

655

585

520

520

333

308

280

270

270

270

266

261

261

261

196

226

243

239

217

208

145

313

261

196

192

221

239

217

June.

183

217

196

167

152

141

130

121

130

137

118

137

134

121

121

121

121

111

105

99

85

63

75

69

85

82

63

99

243

179

July.

175

152

141

130

63

67

55

59

92

92

55

92

80

49

69

85

71

63

75

55

35

42

35

29

29

42

69

35

35

29

. 29

Aug.

39

SO

80

69

50

42

32

35

42

50

69

63

39

29

39

45

55

45

130

121

121

121

111

102

92

85

156

108

105

121

284

Sept.

145

130

156

137

252

217

130

111

105

217

270

196

167

137

130

130

443

359

183

298

1,000

386

284

386

460

239

221

167

145

167

Monthly discharge of Milwaukee River near Milwaukee, Wis., for the year ending Sept.

SO, 1921.

[Drainage area, 661 square miles.]

Month.

February. .....................................

April..........................................

May.

July...........................................

The year ................................

Discharge in second-feet.

Maximum.

179 

376 

585 

950 

348 

1,000 

4,150 

1,100 

243 

175 

284 

1,000

4,150

Minimum.

33 

127 

188 

275 

130 

167 

192 

145 

63 

29 

29 

105

29

Mean.

96.8 

233 

379 

534 

233 

634 

1,270 

350 

127 

68.7 

82.6 

246

354

Per 

square 

mile.

0.146 

.352 

.573 

.808 

.352 

.959 

1.92 

.530 

.192 

.104 

.125 

.372

.536

Run-off 

in inches.

0.17 

.39 

.66 

.93 

.37 

1.11 

2.14 

.61 

.21 

.12 

.14 

.42

7.27

LITTLE CALUMET RIVER AT HARVEY, ILL.

LOCATION. In NW. } sec. 9, T. 36 N., R. 14 E., at Illinois Central Railroad bridge 800

feet north of railroad station at 147 tli Street, Harvey, Cook County, 11 miles above

mouth of river. 

DRAINAGE AREA. 570 square miles (measured on map issued by United States

Geological Survey; scale, 1:500,000). 

RECORDS AVAILABLE. Daily discharge, October 1,1916, to September 30,1921; also

daily gage heights, collected by Sanitary District of Chicago, June 10, 1907, to

September 30,1916. 

GAGE. Vertical staff gage attached to bridge pier; read by Mrs. H. Wurtman.
STEEAMS TRIBUTARY TO LAKE MICHIGAN. 41

DISCHARGE MEASUREMENTS. Made from bridge or by wading.

CHANNEL AND CONTROL. Bed of river composed of clay and gravel. Low-water control is at" The Rocks," about a mile below gage; bed of river, heavy gravel; somewhat shifting. Banks not subject to overflow.

EXTREMES OP DISCHARGE. Maximum stage recorded during year, 5.48 feet at 8 a. m. 

April 23 (discharge, 905 second-feet); minimum discharge, 40 second-feet July 21 

and August 1.

1910-1920: Maximum stage recorded, 13.4 feet March 6, 1908 (discharge not 

determined); minimum stage, 2.9 feet August 10,1916 (discharge, 39 second-feet)^

ACCURACY. Stage-discharge relation changed materially by construction of cofferdam 

for highway bridge about 2,000 feet below gage which caused backwater at gage 

from about July 1 to September 30; seriously affected by ice for short periods 

during the winter. Rating curve well defined above and fairly well defined below 

60 second-feet. Gage read to hundredths once daily. Daily discharge ascertained by applying daily gage height to rating table October 1 to June 30; correction for backwater July 1 to September 30 estimated from results of discharge 

measurements. Records good for open-water periods October 1 to June 30; fair, 

July 1 to September 30; poor for periods of ice effect.

Discharge measurements of Little Calumet River at Harvey, III., during the year ending

Sept. SO, 1921. 

[Made by H. E. Grosbach.]

Date. height.

Feet. 

3.35

03.37

Discharge.

See.-ft. 

123

92

a Backwater from cofferdam at highway bridge.

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Little Calumet River at Harvey, III., for the year ending

Sept. SO, 1921.

Day.

1....... .......

2..............

3..............

4..............

5..............

6..............

7..............

8..............

9..............

10..............

11..............

12..............

13..............

14..............

15..............

16..............

17..............

18..............

19..............

20..............

21..............

22..............

23..............

24..............

25..............

26..............

27..............

28..............

29..............

30..............

31..............

Oct.

93

93

96

102

107

104

* 96

89

82

79

76

76

74

73

73

69

74

74

86

82

82

82

82

79

82

86

88

89

93

107

115

Nov.

123

125

119

123

125

125

123

119

119

119

123

115

113

107

104

93

104

106

111

113

113

107

113

115

115

113

115

115

113

113

Dec.

Ill

107

111

119

16S

168

168

180

192

192

205

192

192

218

192

157

146

175

200

Jan.

.

I 275

290

290

322

340

376

376

431

46S

468

376

357

322

230

246

306

260

290

357

260

246

218

232

246

Feb.

218

192

205

205

275

322

290

306

322

357

357

357

357

376

394

394

376

275

322

431

412

322

306

232

275

246

246

218

Mar.

218

205

205

192

192

192

246

290

860

590

508

508

590

590

680

635

590

590

590

508

548

548

590

590

770

815

770

770

725

680

680

Apr

680

635

590

590

548

508

508

508

468

431

412

394

357

357

357

508

770

725

590

508

548

508

905

725

635

680

725

635

590

635

May.

635

635

590

590

590

548

508

508

468

431

412

394

376

340

306

290

275

260

246

218

192

168

146

135

127

146

135

125

125

117

111

June.

109

125

146

125

115

111

100

93

89

86

89

93

86

84

82

81

79

76

76

73

73

73

79

73

73

82

115

157

157

121

July.

89

82

71

65

56

56

54

57

58

61

54

54

52

51

63

54

51

45

60

48

40

62

62

56

52

52

50

41

52

52

50

Aug.

40

63

79

66

65

63

60

51

54

48

54

60

54

63

76

69

76

76

77

168

150

106

106

106

106

100

96

88

82

76

79

Sept.

76

69

79

73

79

79

79

76

73

79

88

88

86

102

113

115

125

106

96

96

89

73

73

77

76

73

63

60

57

106

NOTE. Discharge estimated Dec. 18 to Jan. 3 and Jan. 16-21 on account of ice from gage-height record, 

observer's notes, and weather records. Braced figures show mean discharge for periods included.
42 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1921, PART IV.

Monthly discharge of Little Calumet River at Harvey, III,, for the year ending Sept, 30,

[Drainage area, 570 square miles.]

Month.

March.........................................

April..........................................

May...........................................

July...........................................

Discharge in second-feet.

Maximum.

115 

125

468 

431 

860 

905 

635 

157 

89 

168 

125

905

Minimum.

69 

93 

107

192 

192

357 

111 

73 

40 

40 

57

40

Mean.

86.5 

115 

176 

299 

307 

531 

568 

327 

97.4 

56.5 

79.3 

84.1

227

Per

square 

mile.

0.152 

.202 

.309 

.525 

.539 

.932 

.996 

.573 

.171 

.099 

.139 

.148

.398

Run-off 

in inches.

0.18 

.23 

.36 

.61 

.58 

1.07 

1.11 

.66 

.19 

.11 

.16 

.17

5.43

STREAMS TRIBUTARY TO LAKE HURON.

TITTABAWASSEE RIVER AT FREELAND, MICH.

LOCATION. At highway bridge at Freeland.

DRAINAGE AREA. 2,530 square miles.

RECORDS AVAILABLE. August 22, 1903, to August 3, 1906; October 28, 1906, to

December 31, 1909; January 1, 1912, to September 30, 1921. 

COOPERATION. Estimates of daily discharge were made and furnished by G. S.

Williams, consulting engineer, Ann Arbor, Mich.

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Tittabawassee River at Freeland, Mich,, for the year

ending Sept. 30,

Day.

1.... ..........

2..............

3..............

4..............

5..............

6..............

7..............

8..............

9..... . .....

10..............

11..............

12..............

13..............

14..............

15..............

16..............

17..............

18..............

19..............

20..............

21..............

22..............

23..............

24..............

25..............

26..............

27..............

28..............

29..............

30..............

31..............

Oct.

960

930

930

900

900

930

870

845

760

730

730

760

760

786

786

815

845

845

815

815

786

786

760

760

730

730

760

760

786

815

870

Nov.

900

930

960

930

815

786

730

700

700

730

730

760

786

786

845

960

960

990

1,020

1,020

1,050

1,110

1,200

1,235

1,235

1,235

1,270

1,300

1,300

Dec.

1,300

1 QAA

1,377

1,450

1 480

1,785

1,785

1,745

1,670

1,600

1,450

1,235

1,235

1,410

1,785

9 flfii;

2,105

2,105

2,400

2,270

2,400

3,100

3,810

4,150

3,860

3,810

3,285

2,835

2,400

2,655

2,655

Jan.

3,055

3,760

4,050

A KKA

4

KKA

3,760

3,285

2,835

2

Ajf\(\

1,058

1,058

1,058

1 040

i fun

983

QOQ

1,020

1,244

1,522

3,285

4,250

3

O/SA

9 i«5n

1 760

l'432

1J365

1 OAA

QOO

Feb.

866

804

787

821

858

JZfU.

750

735

681

663

A1O

ftAQ

770

804

09 1

858

oqo

787

787

770

750

770

787

838

804

7S7

Mar.

770

648

838

1,112

1 eon

1,760

2,920

2,890

4,330

7,500

6,930

5,805

6,360

6,480

6

97C

4 OKA

6,360

7,160

6,360

5,805

5,275

4 7nn

4,250

4

'TKA

5,180

8,890

1 QKJ1

9 fifift

8,700

6,930

S fiti

Apr.

4,750

4,050

3,285

2,610

2,105

1,905

1,825

2,400

3,520

3,520

3,285

2,835

2,400

2,230

1,985

1,905

2,400

4,750

6,035

4,750

4 750

9,320

16, 695

15,260

10,200

8 455

6'930

5,805

4,750

May.

3,520

3,285

3,100

3,055

3,015

2,920

2,835

2,655

2,520

2,400

2,190

1,985

1,825

1,785

1,785

1,670

1,600

1,450

1,235

1,140

930

930

900

930

1,600

1,600

1,235

930

930

870

815

June.

786

786

815

845

815

760

700

646

592

566

540

540

566

566

592

566

566

566

540

540

540

513

513

489

540

646

845

930

900

815

July.

786

7*JA

675

646

566

4819

513

513

540

540

566

566

592

620

620

620

592

579

566

540

513

489

465

465

472

513

540

566

592

620

fiifi

Aug.

620

566

489

646

ARK

465

465

472

489

513

513

540

566

566

592

646

786

845

930

930

1,080

1,170

1,235

1,235

1,170

1,140

1,080

1,050

1,110

1,235

1,410

Sept.

1,480

1,270

1,050

930

870

815

815

845

870

870

930

990

930

870

870

845

815

sun

870

990

1,050

1,050

990

QCA

930

930

900

845

815

815
STREAMS TRIBUTARY TO LAKE ERIE. 43

Monthly discharge of Tittabawassee River at Freeland, Mich., for the year ending Sept.

30, 1921.

[Drainage area, 2,530 square miles.]

Month.

October........................................

November.....................................

February......................................

April..........................................

May...........................................

July...........................................

August ........................................

Discharge in second-feet.

Maximum.

960 

1,300 

4,150 

4.550 

866 

11,350 

16, 695 

3,520 

930 

786 

1,410 

1,480

16, 695

Minimum.

730 

700 

1,235 

928 

577 

648 

1,825 

815 

489 

465 

465 

815

465

Mean.

815 

975 

2,210 

2,310 

771 

5,160 

4,950 

1,860 

654 

572 

807 

935

1,840

Per 

square 

mile.

0.322 

.385 

.874 

.913 

.305 

2.04 

1.96 

.735 

.258 

.226 

.319 

.370

.727

Run-off 

In inches.

0.37 

.43 

1.01 

1.05 

.32 

2.35 

2.19 

.85 

.29 

.26 

.37 

.41

9.90

NOTE. Monthly and yearly discharge computed by U. 8. Geol. Survey.

STREAMS TRIBUTARY TO LAKE ERIE. 

HURON RIVER AT BARTON. MICH.

LOCATION. At dam and power plant of Eastern Michigan Edison Co. at Barton, near 

Ann Arbor, 4 miles above station at Geddes.

DRAINAGE AREA. 723 square miles.

RECORDS AVAILABLE. January 1, 1914, to September 30, 1921.

DETERMINATION OF DISCHARGE. Flow computed from records of operation of power 

plant, the flow through under-sluice during floods, and the depth of flow over 

dam. The flow through the power house is determined from a calibration of the 

turbines by means of a specially constructed weir, the crest of which was formed 

by a i-inch by 5-inch milled plate, the discharge over the weir being computed 

by Bazin's formula for free overflow. The greater part of the flood water passes 

through under-sluices in the power-house foundations, and this flow is determined 

from a weir calibration of the sluices. Water flows over crest of dam only a few 

days during year.

COOPERATION. Daily-discharge record furnished by G. S. Williams, consulting 

engineer, Ann Arbor, Mich.
44 SUEFACE WATEE SUPPLY, 1921, PART IV.

Daily discharge, in second-Jeet, of Huron River at Barton, Mich., for the year ending

Sept. 30,

Day.

1..............

2..............

3..............

4..............

5..............

6..............

7..............

8..............

9..............

10..............

11..............

12..............

13..............

14.. ............

15..............

16..............

17..............

18..............

19..............

20..............

21..............

22..............

23..............

24..............

25..............

26..............

27..............

28..............

29..............

30

31..............

Oct.

124

130

68

224

115

100

107

102

108

44

120

114

112

126

107

114

71

110

116

109

115

112

144

68

125

141

188

212

208

197

193

Nov.

184

222

238

223

211

250

151

190

224

200

183

177

174

162

157

163

176

163

171

195

182

319

440

425

450

431

379

369

345

319

Dec.

358

441

383

434

592

570

545

526

465

467

462

389

445

520

518

526

494

479

466

417

394

365

558

517

476

392

470

362

352

472

458

Jan.

459

612

583

574

569

515

524

504

476

442

460

370

381

335

355

277

227

242

242

298

356

339

331

330

249

273

237

271

255

254

258

Feb.

231

220

237

227

229

220

229

245

233

236

243

246

208

262

232

248

260

242

277

237

238

223

228

227

220

241

291

258

Mar.

225

323

452

444

389

510

618

641

825

842

825

843

923

992

973

954

894

822

827

827

781

778

722

799

893

984

1,040

1,139

1,001

953

921

Apr.

789

801

734

750

616

598

513

598

613

627

678

622

609

623

687

733

841

820

882

884

852

864

967

1,009

963

868

867

867

840

814

May.

750

689

608

569

521

507

497

379

449

383

332

347

322

338

307

275

271

283

260

252

244

240

205

206

169

182

230

232

312

262

257

June.

205

201

203

202

150

158

154

175

163

182

158

117

163

157

155

148

144

140

261

263

246

274

287

235

192

164

297

456

673

478

July.

393

356

269

327

223

225

196

190

186

178

186

178

177

182

153

175

120

172

193

126

150

160

174

83

157

187

143

145

147

152

68

Aug.

130

138

133

128

127

134

66

139

134

126

122

107

130

86

133

118

128

135

159

152

116

151

142

122

124

128

140

135

269

457

617

Sept.

571

518

530

495

487

504

351

325

295

312

272

308

295

282

244

235

205

202

210

259

496

462

409.

365

456

453

407

, 355

389

367

Monthly discharge of Huron River at Barton, Mich., for the year ending Sept. 30,

[Drainage area, 723 square miles. ]

Month.

October .................................. ...

November. ......................... .

January.................................. ....

February. ............................

March .................................... ....

April..........................................

May...........................................

June....................................... ..

July..................................

August................................... . .

September... . ...................... .

The year.... ............................

Discharge in second-feet.

Maximum.

224

450 

592 

612 

291 

1,139 

1,009 

750 

673 

393 

617 

571

1,139

Minimum.

44 

151 

352 

227 

208 

225 

513 

169 

117 

68 

66 

202

44

Mean.

127 

249 

462 

374 

239 

779 

764 

351 

227 

186 

159 

369

358

Per 

square 

mile.

0.176 

.344 

.639 

.517 

.331 

1.08 

1.06 

.485 

.314 

.257 

.220 

.510

.495

Run-off 

in inches.

0.20

.38 

.74 

.60 

.34 

1.24 

1.18 

.56 

.35 

.30 

.25 

.57

. 6.71

NOTE. Monthly and yearly discharge computed by U. S. Geol. Survey.

HURON RIVER AT FLAT ROCK, MICH.

LOCATION. At highway bridge at Ffcft Rock, 2,000 feet below crossing of Detroit,

Toledo & Ironton Railway. 

DBAINAGE AREA. 1,000 square miles.

RECORDS AVAILABLE. August 6, 1904, to September 30, ,1921. 

GAGE. Staff; read daily to tenths, occasionally to half-tenths twice daily, by John

Vincent.
STREAMS TRIBUTARY TO LAKE BEIE. 45

DISCHARGE MEASUREMENTS. Made from downstream side of bridge.

CHANNEL AND CONTROL. Probably permanent.

EXTREMES OF STAGS. Maximum stage recorded during year, 5.2 feet March 29;

minimum stage, 1.1 feet October 4, 5,12, August 2, and 3. 

ICE. Ice jams form below the station and cause backwater at the gage; in general,

the section above the station is kept open by the power plant. 

REGULATION. At ordinary stages flow of the river is controlled by a dam and power

plant immediately above station, but operation of this plant is assumed to have

little effect on diurnal fluctuations of stage.

No discharge measurements were made at this station during the year.

Daily gage height, in feet, of Huron River at Flat Rock, Midi., for the year ending Sept.

30,

Day.

1.. ............ 

2..............

3..............

4..............

5..............

6..............

7..............

8..............

9..............

10..............

11..............

12..............

13..............

14..............

15 .. ..........

16.............. 

17..............

18..............

19..............

2u... ...........

21..............

22..............

23..............

24..............

25..............

26..............

27..............

28..............

29..............

30..............

31..............

Oct.

1.50 

1.50

1.10

1.10

1.20

1.30

1.40

1.40

1.20

1.10

1.30

1.30

1.30

1.20

1.20

1.30

1.20

1.30

1.30

1.30

1*0

1.20

1.40

1.50

1.40

1.50

Nov.

1.40 

1.40

1.40

1.40

1.40

1.40

1.40

1.50 

1.40

1.40

1.40

1.40

1 1(\

1.30 

1.40

1.40

1 40

1.30

1.30

1.50

2.20

2.40

2.40

2.40

1.80

1.80

Dec.

1.70 

1.70

2.00

2.00

3.00

2.90

2.70

2.60 

2.60

2.40

1.60

2.00

9 Fifl

2.30 

2.40

2.40

2.10

2.30

2.20

2.50

2.40

2.40

2.30

2.30

2.20

2.10

2.10

Jan.

2.40

4.00

3.30

3.10

3.00

3.00

3.00 "i'eo'

2.70

2.40

1.70

1.80

1 on

"i."76"

1.60

1 60

1.70

1.70

1.70

1.60

1.60

1.70

1.70

1.60

1 60

1.60

Feb.

1.60 

1.60

1.60

1.60

1.50

1.50

1.60

1.40 

1.50

1.60

1.60

1.50

1 40

1.40 

1.50

1.50

1.60

1.80

1.70

1.50

1.50

1.50

1.50

1.70

Mar.

1.60 

1.60

2.30

2.40

2.50

2.70

3.20

3.50 

4.00

4.20

4.00

4 80

4.50

4.50 

4.40

4.40

4.20

3.90

o cf\

3.60

3.80

3.90

4.80

5.66

5.20

4.50

4 >tf>

Apr.

4.50 

4.00

3.60

3.30

3.00

3.00

2.90

3.20

3.50

3.50

3.10

3.10

s in

3.50

4.50

4.50

4.70

4.50

d. 4ft

4.80

5.00

4.80

4.80

4.50

4.50

4.30

May.

" ~3.'60~

3.50

3.30

3.00

3.00

2.60

2.40 

2.00

2.00

2.00

2.00

2.00

L60 

1.90

1.50

1.30

1.30

1.30

1.30

1.30

1.40

1.60

1.40

1.60

1.50

June.

1.50 

1.40

1.40

1.30

1.50

1.40

1.40

1.40 

1.40

1.30

1.30

1.30

1.30

1.40 

1.30

1.30

1.40

1.30

1.30

1.30

1.40

1.40

1.30

1.40

3.50

4.00

July.

3.00 

2.60

1.50

1.60

1.60

1.60

1.40

1.30

1.30

1.30

1.40

1.40

1.40

1.40

1.40

1.40

1.50

1.40

1.40

1.30

1.30

1.30

1.30

1.30

1.30

Aug.

1.20 

1.10

1.10

1.20

1.30

1.30

1.10

1.10 

1.30

1.30

1.40

1.40

.......

1.20

1.20

1.20

1.20

1.30

1.30

1.30

1.40

1.50

Sept.

4.00 

3.10

2.80

2.60

2.60

2.50

2.20

1.80 

2.60

2.20

2.00

1.90

1.70

1.70 

1.70

1.40

1.40

1.70

1.90

2.00

2.00

2.50

2.40

2.00

1.80

1.80

NOTE. Gage not read on days for which no reading appears in table. Stage-discharge relation probably 

affected by ice during parts of December, January, and February

CATTARATTGUS CREEK AT VERSAILLES, N. Y.

LOCATION. At three-span highway bridge in Versailles, Cattaraugus County, 2J miles 

above mouth of Clear Creek, 6 miles below Gowanda, and 8 miles above mouth of 

stream.

DRAINAGE AREA. 467 square miles (measured on post-route map).

RECORDS AVAILABLE. September 23, 1910, to September 30,1921.

GAGE. Chain on upstream side of right span of bridge; read by Charles Wilson.

DISCHARGE MEASUREMENTS. Made from downstream side of bridge or by wading.

CHANNEL AND CONTROL. Bed composed of rocks and gravel; shifting.

EXTREMES OF DISCHARGE. Maximum stage recorded during year, 8.5 feet at 5. p. m. 

February 16 (discharge, 9,260 second-feet); minimum discharge 70 second-feet 

on September 1, 2, 3, and 4.

1910-1921: Maximum open-water stage recorded, 11.6 feet at 5.40 p. m. March 

25, 1913 (discharge, about 30,000 second-feet); minimum stage recorded, 4.35 feet 

several times in August, 1918 (discharge, about 49 second-feet).

34897 23 WSP 524 4
46 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1921, PABTJTV.

ICE. Stage-discharge relation affected by ice.

ACCURACY. Stage-discharge relation not permanent; affected by ice during much of 

the period December to March. Gage read to half-tenths twice daily. Daily 

discharge throughout year ascertained by indirect method, applying mean daily 

effective gage-height to rating table; corrections for obtaining effective gage 

heights determined from discharge measurements. Records fair.

Discharge measurements of Cattaraugus Creek at Versailles, N. Y., during the year ending

Sept. SO, 1921.

Date.

Oct. 25

25

Dec. 17

17

Jan. 22

31

Feb. 8

Made by 

. .do... ..

.....do.................

.....do.................

.....do.................

.....do.................

.....do.................

Gage

Feet.

4.81

4.81 "i ";n

5.50

o6.82

o5.40

Discharge.

Sec.-ft. 

112

109

732

709

3,570

496

561

Date.

Feb. 8

Mar. 17

17

6

Made by 

.....do.................

.....do.................

.....do.................

Gage 

height.

Feet. 

o5.40

5.62

5.61

5.07

5.06

4.98

Discharge.

Sec.-ft. 

561

827

805

167

164

94.9

o Stage-discharge relation affected by ice.

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Cattaraugus Creek at Versailles, N. Y., for the year ending

Sept SO, 1921.

Day.

1... ...........

2..............

3..............

4..............

5..............

6..............

7..............

8..............

9..............

10..............

11..............

12..............

13..............

14..............

15..............

16..............

17..............

18..............

19..............

20..............

21..............

22..............

23..............

24..............

25

26..............

27..............

28..............

29..............

30..............

31..............

Oct.

800

750

440

260

220

190

150

180

180

170

170

170

170

140

140

140

100

140

140

140

120

^ 110

100

120

100

120

140

170

200

180

170

Nov.

140

170

300

340

240

220

180

190

160

200

220

220

220

180

200

180

200

600

380

600

1,400

4,000

2,400

1,800

1,400

1.000

800

700

700

600

Dec.

550

1,900

1,200

800

750

1,400

1,000

750

550

500

500

480

600

3,600

1,400

850

750

650

600

600

600

650

2,800

1,900

850

850

850

800

650

700

650

Jan.

800

4,800

1,600

1,200

1 200

1,100

850

1,200

1,100

700

700

650

600

600

600

500

240

440

380

700

3,200

2,200

950

700

700

550

480

380

320

320

Feb.

380

500

440

440

420

800

600

550

650

750

550

500

480

480

500

3,800

3,800

1,200

850

750

550

550

550

550

500

700

firm

650

Mar.

550

800

2,200

950

800

3,000

4,200

4,600

3,200

1,900

1,200

1,000

1,200

1,000

850

1,000

800

1,000

800

750

800

750

650

550

650

650

600

2,400

1,500

1,100

1,000

Apr.

1,400

950

750

650

550

500

500

480

1,400

900

650

550

500

460

550

500

1,600

1,200

950

650

850

1,200

1,000

950

650

550

590

460

2,400

1,200

May.

850

750

650

550

480

440

400

380

360

340

320

280

320

320

280

280

280

280

260

240

240

240

650

360

700

550

340

300

320

260

240

June.

220

220

200

180

180

160

160

160

160

160

160

240

200

170

160

150

170

180

150

140

140

140

130

130

130

130

160

460

320

460

July.

260

200

170

160

140

140

140

140

140

160

« 

240

160

150

140

140

180

130

120

260

500

260

200

170

150

130

130

130

110

120

140

120

Aug.

100

160

180

150

150

110

160

140

120

100

100

220

150

180

180

140

120

380

220

140

130

120

95

85

100

85

95

85

85

85

75

Sept.

70

75

75

80

80

100

90

80

80

80

95

95

90

7575'

80

100

160

120

85

110

180

140

100

120

160

140

130

100

110

NOTE. Discharge, Jan. 8 to Feb. 15, determined from gage heights corrected for ice effect from four discharge measurements, comparison with record of Allegheny River at Red House, and study of gageheight graph and weather records.
STREAMS TRIBUTARY TO LAKE ONTARIO. 47 

Monthly discharge of Cuttaraugus Creek at Versailles, N. Y.,for the year ending Sept. SO,

[Drainage area, 467 square miles.]

Month.

December.....................................

January

March.........................................

April..........................................

May...........................................

July...........................................

Discharge in second-feet.

Maximum.

800 

4,000 

3,600 

4,800 

3,800 

4,600 

2.400 

850 

460 

500 

380 

180

4,800

Minimum.

100 

140 

480 

240 

380 

550 

460 

240 

130 

110 

75 

70

-70

Mean.

204 

665 

981 

974 

825 

1,370 

848 

395 

191 

172 

137 

102

572

Per

square 

mile.

0.437 

1.42 

2.12 

2.09 

1.77 

2.93 

1.82 

.846 

.409 

.368 

.293 

.218

1.22

Run-off 

in inches.

0.50 

1.58 

2.44 

2.41 

1.84 

3.38 

2.03 

.98 

.46 

.42 

.34 

.24

16.62

STREAMS TRIBUTARY TO LAKE ONTARIO.

LITTLE TONA WANDA CREEK AT LHTDEN, N. Y.

LOCATION. At stone-arch highway bridge in Linden, Genesee County, 3 miles above

junction with Tonawanda Creek.

DRAINAGE AREA. 22.0 square miles (measured on topographic maps). 

RECORDS AVAILABLE. July 8, 1912, to September 30, 1921. 

GAGE. Vertical staff on upstream side' of right abutment; lower 2 feet of enameled

iron, graduated to hundredths of a foot; upper 7 feet of bronze graduated to halftenths; read by C. L. Schenck.

DISCHARGE MEASUREMENTS. Made by wading near gage. 

CHANNEL AND CONTROL. The weir formerly in use was entirely destroyed by ice

February 20, 1918. It was replaced September 18, 1920, and forms the control

for the gage. 

EXTREMES OP DISCHARGE. Maximum stage recorded during year, 8.88 feet at 6 p. m.

February 16 (discharge, about 1,230 second-feet); minimum discharge, 0.4

second-foot-, September 20, 23, 24, and 27. 

1912-1921: Maximum stage recorded, 9.0 feet at 6 p.m. May 10,1919 (discharge,

2,500 second-feet); minimum discharge recorded, 0.4 second-foot September 20,

23, 24, and 27, 1921. 

ICE. Ice forms above weir, but control is cleared of ice by observer before reading

gage. 

ACCURACY. Stage-discharge relation permanent. Rating curve well denned below

800 second-feet. Gage read to hundredths twice daily. Daily discharge ascer- 

' tained by applying mean daily gage-height to rating table. Records good except

those for period when gage was not read, which are fair.

Discharge measurements of Little Tonawanda Creek at Linden, N. Y., during the year

ending Sept. SO, 1921.

Gage.

Oct. 12

12

26

26

Dec. 16

Made by 

.....do.................

.....do.................

.....do.................

Gage 

height.

Feet. 

n TQ

.79

60

.60

1.25

Discharge.

Sec.-ft. 

5.68

5.08

2.70

2.80

25.8

Date.

Dec. 16

Mar. 8

8

8

Made by 

.....do.................

.....do.................

.....do.................

Gage 

height.

Feet. 

1.25

3.84'

3.74

3.55

Discharge.

Sec.-ft. 

26.4

267

260

235
48 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1921, PART IV.

Daily discharge, in second-Jeet, of Little Tonawanda Creek at Linden, N. Y.,Jor the year 

 ending Sept. 30, 1921.

Day.

1..... ..............

2.................

3...................

4...................

5...................

6...................

7...................

8...................

9...................

10...................

11...................

12...................

13...................

14................

15..................

16...................

17...................

18...................

19...................

20...................

21...................

22...................

23...................

24...................

25...................

26...................

27...................

28...................

29...................

30...................

31...................

Oct.

50

38

16

8.8

5.5

6.0

5.5

5.2

4.7 i t\

4.0

5.3

4.8

4.5

Q 0

3.6

3.5

3.2

3.1

3.3

3.1

2.9

2.9

2.8

2.8

3.0

3.6

4.2

4.5

4.5

4.2

Nov.

5.5

12

19

8

n

6.5

6.0

5.5

5.2

5.5

5.8

5.5

5.2

5.3

5.2 i a

4.5

5.3

5.2

7.2

19

25

37

104

74

50

40

37

35

37

35

Dec.

211

90

QQ

(TO

V7

<?n

oo

91

20

20<?n

74

40

27

27

23

22

20

16

22

104

40

24

24

28

23

25

26

22

Jan.

sn

ooo

70

to

43

07

00

CO

30

1Q

1Q

15

14

18

14

12

11

24

12

1Q

82

99

82

32

24

28

16

12

13

22

14

Feb.

12

12

11

10

14

OO

1C

17

on

24

24

17

17

18ifi

468

154

66

58

30

22

24

19

12

14

14

18

20

Mar.

24

OOQ

104

4607

261

1OO

360

TU

on

fa

4.3

50

4007

78

39

50

36

86

43

32

29

26

30

25

23

74

43

40

37

June.

5.2

4.7

4.5

4.2

3

0

3

K

q q

3.1

9 Q

o 7

9 R

9 d.

9 £

2.2

9 ft

2.0

2.4

2.3

1.9

1.8

1.7

1.7

1.5

1.5

1,5

1.4

1.3

1.7

6.0

2.1

July.

1 Q

1.7

1.5

1.4

1.4

1

0

1 9

1.2

1 9

1

0

1 9

1 o

1 9

1 9

2.4

1.2

1.1

1.0

1.6

1.9

1.2

1.1

1.0

1.0

.9

.8

.8

.8

.8

.9

.9

Aug.

O o

.7

.8

.7

.6

.7 -.7

.7

.7

. .5

.5

1.5

1.5

.9

.7

.8

1.5

1.0

.9

.9

.8

.7

.7

.7

.7

.6

.6

.5

.5

1.0

Sept.

0.7

.7

.7

.6

.6

.5

.5

.5

.5

.5

.6

.5

.5

.5

.5

.5

.6

.5

.5

.4

.5

.6

.4

.4

.5

.5

.4

.5

.5

.5

NOTE. No gage-height record Apr. 1 to May 31; discharge, Apr. 1-30, estimated at 35 secead-feet and May 

1-31, at 10 second-feet from comparison with records of flow of Keshequa and Canaseraga creeks.

Monthly discharge of Little Tonawanda Creek at Linden, N. Y., jar the year ending

Sept. SO, 1921. 

[Drainage area, 22 square miles.]

Month.

October. ......................................

November.....................................

February......................................

April..........................................

May...........................................

July...........................................

Discharge in second-feet.

Maximum.

50 

104 

211 

223 

468 

360

6.0 

2.4 

1.5 

.7

468

Minimum.

2.8 

4.5 

16 

11 

10 

23

1.3

.8 

.5 

.4

.4

Mean.

7.15

20.4 

44.5 

38.1 

41.8 

78.0 

35.0 

10.0 

2.68 

1.23 

.800 

.523

23.3

Per 

square 

mile.

0.325 

.927 

2.02 

1.73 

1.90 

3.55 

1.59 

.455 

.122 

.056 

.036 

.024

1.06

Run-off 

in inches.

0.37 

1.03 

2.33 

1.99 

1.98 

4.09 

,1.77 

.52 

,14 

.06 

.04 

.03

14.35

BARGE CANAL AT LOCK 30, MACEDON, N. Y.

LOCATION. At Lock 30, Barge Canal, in the village of Macedon, Wayne County. 

RECORDS AVAILABLE. November 1, 1919, to December 28, 1920, when the station

was discontinued. 

GAGE. Vertical staff attached to right wall about 50 feet above dam in diversion

channel. Gage read by H. G. O'Dea, lock tender.
STREAMS TRIBUTARY TO LAKE ONTARIO. 49

DISCHARGE MEASUREMENTS.- Made by wading about 35 feet below gage.

CONTROL. Control is crest of spillway dam.

DETERMINATION OP DISCHARGE. Daily discharge over spillway determined by applying mean daily gage height to rating table. Daily discharge through lock obtained from record of lockages and computation of discharge per lockage. The 

following tables of discharge include the flow over the spillway and through the 

lock.

ACCURACY. Stage-discharge relation probably permanent, except for possible backwater effect from weeds in summer. Rating curve fairly well defined. Gageheight record, approximate only. Records fair.

Discharge measurements of Barge Canal at Lock SO, Macedon, N. Y., during the year

ending Sept. SO,

[Made by Otto Lauterhahn.]

Date.

Oct. 22. ......................

Nov. 10........... ............

10.......................

10.......................

 ».

Fed, 

1.13

1.34

.42

.42

Discharge.

Sec.jt. 

156

222

35.7

36.8

Date.

Nov. 10........................

10........................

11........................

11........................

Gage 

height.

Feet. 

0.65

.66

.90

1.34

Discharge.

See.-ft. 

69.2

69.2

107

223

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Barg& Canal at Lock SO, Macedon, N. Y., for period

Oct. 1 to Dec. 28, 1920.

Day.

1.........

2.........

3.........

4.........

5.........

6.........

7.........

8.........

9.........

10.........

Oct.

162

162

172

152

155

155

158

161

161

158

Nov.

144

135

117

103

100

103

97

97

103

108

Dec.

129

129

129

129

129

129

129

135

129

129

Day.

11.........

12.........

13.........

14.........

15.........

16.........

17.........

18.........

19.........

20.........

Oct.

164

155

158

166

164

164

161

161

166

152

Nov.

135

115

126

115

123

121

121

112

109

115

Dec.

129

129

129

129

125

125

125

129

129

131

Day.

21.........

22

23.........

24.........

25.........

26.........

27.........

28.........

29.........

30.........

31.........

Oct.

164

152

155

161

158

158

152

152

135

141

147

Nov.

118

115

112

118

115

135

141

129

129

135

Dee.

129

125

109

105

105

105

60

6

Monthly discharge, in second-feet, of Barge Canal at Lock 30, Macedon, N. Y.,for the period

Oct. 1 to Dec. 28, 1920.

Month.

October.....................................!......................

December 1-28.. ....................................................

Maximum.

172

144

135

Minimum.

135

97

6

Mean.

157

118

119

BARGE CANAL AT LOCK 32, PITTSFORD, N. Y.

. LOCATION. At Lock 32 of Barge Canal, 5 miles east of the city of Rochester and threefourths mile above the village of Pittsford, Monroe County.

RECORDS AVAILABLE. May 17, 1919, to June 30,1921, when operation of station was 

assumed by the State engineer and surveyor.

GAGE. Gurley 7-day graph water-stage recorder located 25 feet upstream from concrete weir in diversion channel south of the lock house. Recorder inspected 

by M. H. Quigley, lock tender.

DISCHARGE MEASUREMENTS. Made by wading about 50 feet below gage.

CONTROL. Control is the crest of spillway.
50 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1921, PART IV.

DETERMINATION OP DISCHARGE. Daily discharge over spillway determined by discharge integration. Daily discharge through lock obtained by multiplying the 

lock capacity by the number of lockages per day. The following tables of discharge include the flow over the spillway and through the lock.

ACCURACY. Stage-discharge relation practically permanent. "Records good.

Discharge measurements of Barge Canal at Lock 32, Pittsford, N. Y., during the year

ending Sept. SO, 1921.

Date.

Oct. 20

20

Nov. 4

9

9

Made by 

.....do.................

.....do.................

.....do.................

.....do.................

Gage 

height.

Feet. 1 80

1.78

1 40

1.33

1.32

Discharge.

Sec.-ft. 

171

166

*?7 9

65.7 fid ft

Date.

Nov. 23

23

May 28

28

Made by 

...do.................

.....do.................

Gage 

height.

Feet. 

1.26

1.25

1 94,

1.22

Discharge.

Sec.-ft.

S

n CL

KO ft

KQ n

49 6

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Barge Canal at Lock 32, Pittsford, N. Y.,for the year

ending Sept. SO, 1921.

Day.

2............

3............

4............

5............

6............

7............

8............

10............

11............

19

13............

14............

15............

Oct.

113

131

 129

142

161

141

125

132

125

140

125

130

169

197

169

Nov.

103

94

131

92

54

96

88

84

81

80

67

1 Efl

182

118

112

Dec.

80

92

88

56

109

163

114

154

180

162

163

144

125

158

174

May.

50

116

57

76

95

131

125

69

" 5776

70

55

55

June.

44

32

31

41

58

114

87

83

80

109

98

109

180

85

118

Day.

16............

17............

18............

19............

20............

21............

22............

23............

24............

25............

26............

27............

28............

29............

30............

31............

Oct.

139

132

129

148

163

172

132

131

132

137

132

128

135

125

138

137

Nov.

132

139

105

82

116

170

143

64

91

89

116

123

118

135

95

Dec.

152

121

142

142

134

60

46

May.

48

77

84

57

66

62

50

42

49

53

32

93

51

45

49

47

June.

108

96

81

76

89

122

100

83

104

129

92

122

119

120

118

NOTE. Discharge over spillway estimated from recorder graph Oct. 1-2, Dec. 16-17, and 21-22; imperect gage-height record.

Monthly scharge of Barge Canal at Lock 82, Pittsford, N. Y.,for the year ending Sept.

SO, 1921.

Month.

May 3-31........... ................................................

Discharge in second-feet .

Maximum.

197 

132 

180 

131 

180

Minimum.

113 

54 

46 

32 

31

Mean.

140 

108 

125 

66.8 

94.3

GENESEE RIVER AT SCIO, N. Y.

LOCATION. At steel highway bridge one-fourth mile above Vandermark Creek, half 

a mile above Scio, Allegany County, and 1 mile above Knight Creek.

DRAINAGE AREA. 288 square miles (measured on map issued by United States 

Geological Survey; scale, 1: 500,000).

RECORDS AVAILABLE. June 12, 1916, to September 30, 1921.

GAGE. Vertical staff attached to downstream face of left bridge abutment; read 

by Mrs. Margaret Potter.

DISCHARGE MEASUREMENTS. Made from downstream side of bridge or by wading.

CHANNEL AND CONTROL. Coarse gravel, practically permanent.
STREAMS TRIBUTARY TO LAKE ONTARIO. 51

EXTREMES OF DISCHARGE. Maximum stage recorded during year, 5.1 feet at 8.30 

a. m. February 17 (discharge, 3,810 second-feet); minimum stage recorded, 

0.22 foot at 7 p. m. September 3 and 9.30 a. m. September 4 (discharge, 21 secondfeet).

1916-1921: Maximum stage recorded, 9.1 feet at noon May 22, 1919 (discharge, 

10,600 second-feet); minimum stage occurred September 3 and 4, 1921.

ICE. Stage-discharge relation affected by ice.

ACCURACY. Stage-discharge relation practically permanent except as affected 

by ice during most of January and February. Rating curve well defined between 

20 and 2,000 second-feet. Gage read to hundredths twice daily. Daily discharge ascertained by applying mean daily gage height to rating table. Openwfter records good; winter records fair.

Discharge measurements of Genesee River at Scio, N. Y., during the year ending Sept. 30, ""

Date.

Oct. 2

29

29

Feb. 7

Made by 

.....do..................

.....do..................

.....do..................

.....do..................

height.

Fed. 

1.36

.58

.58

ol.lS

ol.ll

Discharge.

Sec.-ft. 

308

69.2

67.3

110

125

Date.

Feb. 24

24

Mar. 16

Sept. 12

Made by 

.....do..................

.....do..................

Gage 

height.

Feet. 

ol.l6

ol.ie

2.31

.69

.30

Discharge.

Sec.-ft. 

J99

214

840

92.1

26.8

« Stage-discharge relation affected by ice.

Daily discharge, in second-feet,- ofGene'see River at Scio, N. Y., for the year ending Sept.

30,

Day.

1.. ............

2..............

3..............

4..............

5..............

6..............

7..............

8..............

9..............

10..............

11..............

12..............

13..............

14..............

15..............

16..............

17..............

18..............

19..............

20..............

21..............

22..............

23..............

24..............

25..............

26..............

27..............

28..............

29..............

30..............

31..............

Oct.

700

510

236

144

130

121

113

105

93

77

72

72

68

62

58

54

52

52

52

49

49

46

43

43

42

58

74

77

68

64

58

Nov.

50

50

90

77

66

56

52

54

52

70

72

72

68

62

52

54

118

100

88

150

340

1,040

960

890

700

590

485

460

410

362

Dec.

510

1,040

790

680

590

535

435

376

318

300

275

259

255

890

672

510

435

410

336

318

287

251

410

331

300

283

308

247

200

196

203

Jan.

189

385

349

287

283

304

221

313

247

192

206

190

180

160

150

160

170

170

' 160

160

500

480

360

240

130

130

130

130

110

95

100

Feb.

100

110

160

120

130

150

140

130

85

100

140

140

150

120

120

320

2,800

900

500

440

380

320

260

220

180

170

180

410

Mar.

410

410

1,290

672

535

1,120

2,640

1,760

2,070

1,470

960

855

1,560

925

820

790

618

590

485

645

618

562

460

435

535

460

435

460

485

460

Apr.

700

562

485

460

385

362

331

291

435

376

322

291

279

259

275

244

283

287

259

236

240

228

1,040

760

535

460

820

COK

590

700

May.

700

672

618

535

562

460

385

376

313

271

247

236

240

179

169

153

172

160

150

130

111

100

214

156

200

232

166

144

300

179

June.

200

144

141

88

79

72

66

60

56

52

49

44

31

29

29

251

127

113

July.

86

62

46

43

40

36

35

34

35

271

251

308

300

196

618

304

186

156

138

855

435

287

236

182

144

172

141

111

9»

98

103

Aug.

86

95

160

108

98

72

70

182

105

79

70

127

84

50

44

38

35

32

30

29

27

26

24

22

Sept.

25

25

21

22

35

26

26

25

25

24

23

23

25

244

95

54

49

200

93

72

68

90

62

62

54

54

NOTE. Discharge, Jan. 12 to Feb. 27, determined from gage heights corrected for ice effect by means 

of four discharge measurements, study of weather records, and comparison with records of flow at other 

stations. Discharge for following periods when gage was not read, estimated from hydrographs: June 

4-12, 75 second-feet; June 22-24, 38 second-feet; Aug. 1,4-20, 60 second-feet; Sept. 7-10, 30 second-feet; Oct. 

26, Nov. 10, Dec. 4, 25, Apr. 30, May 22, 30, July 30, Aug. 7, estimated as shown in table.
52 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1921, PAET- IV.

Monthly discharge ofGenesee River at Sdo, N. Y.,for the year ending Sept. 30, 

[Drainage area, 288 square miles.]

Month.

December....,.......,..........;...........,.

May...........................................

July...........................................

Discharge in second-feet.

Maximum.

700 

1.040 

1 040 

500 

2,800 

2,640 

1,040 

700 

351 

855 

182 

244

2,800

Minimum.

42 

50 

196 

95 

85 

410 

228 

100 

29 

34 

22 

21

21

Mean.

Ill 

256 

418 

222 

321 

838 

434 

288 

80.7 

194 

68.2 

54.7

274

Per 

square 

mile.

0.385 

.889 

1.45 

.771 

1.11 

2.91 

1.51 

1.00 

.280 

.674 

.237 

.190

.951

Runoff

in inches.

0.44 

.99 

1.67 

. .89 

* 1.16 

3.36 

1.68 

1.15 .ai

.78 

.27 

.21

12.91

GENESEE RIVER AT ST. HELENA, N, 7. ,

LOCATION. At steel highway bridge in St. Helena, Wyoming County, 5| miles below 

Portageville and site of proposed storage dam of New York State Conservation 

Commission and 9^ miles above mouth of Canaseraga Creek.

DRAINAGE AREA. 992 square miles.

RECORDS AVAILABLE. August 14, 1908, to September 30, 1921.

GAGE. Stevens continuous water-stage recorder on left bank just 'below bridge 

installed September 28, 1917, and a chain gage on upstream side of bridge, installed August 14, 1908. Below stage of 3.3 feet readings of chain gage are used 

owing to difficulty in keeping lower intake to gage well open. Water-stage' 

recorder inspected and chain gage read by Herman Piper and Glenn Streeter.

DISCHARGE MEASUREMENTS. Made from bridge or by wading.

CHANNEL AND CONTROL, Gravel and rocks; shifting occasionally.

EXTREMES OP DISCHARGE. Maximum stage during year from water-stage recorder, 

9.46 feet at 1 a. m. February 17 (discharge, 18,100 second-feet); minimum stage 

(chain gage), 2.13 feet several times September 2-16 (discharge, 26 second-feet).

1908-1921: Maximum stage from water-stage recorder, 12.81 feet at 8 a. m. 

May 17, 1916 (discharge, 43,500 second-feet); minimum stage recorded, 1.70 feet 

at 5 p. m. October 5 and 8 a. m. October 17,1913 (discharge, about 18 second-feet).

ICE. Stage-discharge relation seriously affected by ice.

ACCURACY. Stage-discharge relation practically permanent except as affected by ice 

in December, January, and February. Chain gage rating curve for 1920 was 

revised below gage height 2.6 feet, on basis of discharge measurements, and is 

fairly well defined between 40 and 4,000 second-feet. Curve for automatic gage 

fairly well defined between 500 and 30,000 second-feet. Gage heights above 3.3 

feet taken from recorder; below 3.3 feet, from chain gage. Daily discharge 

ascertained by applying mean daily gage height to proper rating table except for 

days of great range in stage, when it was determined by averaging hourly discharge. 

Records fair.
STREAMS TRIBUTARY TO LAKE ONTARIO. 53

Discharge measurements of Genesee River at St. Helena, N. Y., during the year ending

Sept. SO, 1921.

Date.

Oct. 12

27

97

DGC 15

15 Jan. 3

20

Made by 

.....do.................

.....do.................

.....do.................

.....do.................

.....do.................

Gage 

height.

Feel. 

2.72

2.60

2.65

5.16

4.96

4.85

03.07

Discharge.

Sec.-ft. 

256

198

211

3.210

2,700

2,680

343

Date.

Feb. 1

21

21

Mar. 18

June 3

Sept. 12

Madfi by 

Otto Lauterhahn. ......

.....do.................

.....do.................

.....do.................

B. F. Howe... .........

E.B. Shupe. ..........

height.

Feet. 

04.18

3.32

3.47

4.15

2.91

2.25

Discharge.

Sec.-ft. 

354

816, 981'

1,580

390

54.2

o Stage-discharge relation affected by ice.

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Genesee River at St. Helena, N. Y., for the year ending

Sept. SO, 1921.

Day.

1..............

2..............

3..............

4..............

5..............

6..............

7..............

8..............

9..............

10..............

11..............

12..............

13..............

14..............

15..............

16..............

17..............

18..............

19..............

20..............

21..............

22..............

23..............

24..............

OK25..r..........

26..............

27..............

28..............

29..............

30....;.........

31..............

Oct.

3,330

1,880

1,050

680

520

428

357

317

304

250

256

268

233

233

212

217

190

166

190

166

143

123

96

152

135

135

152

166

233

222

233

Nov.

222

233

195

256

280

239

201

185

212

233

233

292

250

201

222

233

292

256

317

520

1,170

3,960

6,250

4,550

2,930

2,290

1,880

1,630

1,570

1,400

Dec.

1,250

3,530

3,300

2,290

/1, 880

1.940

1,690

1,350

1,050

770

815

680

770

2,430

3,110

1,750

1,350

1,100

950

815

600

520

1,620

2,150

800

480

750

600

500

700

680

Jan.

680

2,300

3.070

1,570

1,390

1,450

1,060

960

1,280

860

960

680

481

300

170

190

200

220

240

320

600

2,010

1,880

1,150

240

300

200

280

200

280

180

Feb.

280

220

240

340

320

380

360

240

180

300

240

170

200

320

550

1,500

11,700

3,620

1,940

1,570

860

860

860

560

520

520

600

680

Mar.

1,280

1,390

6,220

3,600

1,880

5,210

9,350

7,090

6,950

5,650

3,160

2,440

3,420

2,840

2,150

2,150

1,950

1,690

1,510

1,400

1,820

1,630

1,350

1,200

1,250

1,400

1,400

1,950

2,420

1,980

1,630

Apr.

2,500

2,060

1,570

1,300

1,100

1,000

815

680

1,420

1,420

1,100

§60

680

680

680

600

1,900

1,880

1,570

1,200

1,220

1,400

2,490

3,940

2,040

1,510

1,410

1,380

1,570

1,880

May.

1,510

1,750

1,450

1,170

1,060

960

860

1,060

815

680

600

520

520

520

442

428

337

330

292

274

268

250

428

481

481

910

640

442

960

1,050

680

June.

481

520

357

317

256

233

201

181

195

195

233

256

311

256

212

217

222

171

171

166

127

123

103

76

96

96

201

181

725

600

July.

377

268

195

162

176

162

212

107

206

83

185

863

640

520

399

910

481

298

162

2,990

1,420

770

481

399

298

268

212

212

185

268

330

Aug.

262

292

357

370

324

324

262

344 1

413

244

233

357

481

292

262,

181

157

206

262

181

181

135

135

157

79

181

135

37

135

79

115

Sept.

79

49

63

37

63

115

49

79

79

79

49'

115

115

96

49

63

206

292

357

262

157

324

233

181

206

206

135

181

157

NOTE. Discharge, Dec. 25-30, Jan. 2,14-21, and Jan. 25 to Feb. 16, determined from gage-heights corrected 

for ice effect from two discharge measurements, study of weather records, and comparison with records of 

flow for other stations in the basin. Discharge for following periods when stage was below 3.3 feet or when 

recorder was not in operation, determined from chain-gage readings: Oct.4 to Nov. 21, Dec. 10-13, 20-22, 

26,28-31, Jan. 1, 4-21,25-31, Feb. 1-15, 21-28, Mar. 1-5, Apr. 7, 8,12-16,29-30, May 1-29, 31, July 1-19, and 

July 22 to Sept. 30.
54

Monthly dit

SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1921, PAET IV.

of Genesee River at St. Helena, N. Y., for the year ending Sept. SO, 

1921.

[Drainage area,992 square miles.]

Month, 

r

November. ....................................

February......................................

March .........................................

April..........................................

May...........................................

July...........................................

Discharge in second-feet.

Maximum.

3,330 

6,250 

3,530 

3,070 

'11,700 

9,350 

3,940 

1,750 

725 

2,990 

481 

357

11,700

Minimum.

96 

185 

480 

170 

170 

1,200 

600 

250 

76 

83 

37 

37

37

Mean.

421 

1,090 

1,360 

829 

1,080 

2,880 

1,460 

715 

249 

443 

231 

138

909

Per

square 

mile.

0.424 

1.10 

1.37

.836 

1.09 

2.90 

1.47 

.721 

.251 

.447 

.233 

.139

.916

Eun-oflt 

in inches.

0.49 

1.23 

1.58 

.96 

1.14 

3.34 

1.64 

.83 

.28 

.52 

.27 

.16

12.44

GENESEE RIVER AT JONES BRIDGE, NEAR MOUNT MORRIS, N. T.

LOCATION. At highway bridge known as Jones Bridge, 1J miles below Canaseraga 

Creek, If miles above mouth of Beards Creek, 5 miles below Mount Morris, Livingston County, and 6 miles by river above Geneseo.

DRAINAGE AREA. 1,400 square miles.

RECORDS AVAILABLE. May 22,1903, to April 30,1906; August 12,1908, to December 

31, 1913; July 12,1915, to September 30, 1921.

GAGE. Gurley 7-day water-stage recorder installed September 11,1915, on right bank 

60 feet downstream from bridge. Prior to 1915 a chain gage fastened to upstream 

side of highway bridge was used. Datum of water-stage recorder, 2.73 feet higher 

than that of chain gage (540.00 feet Conservation Commission datum). Recorder 

inspected by Theron S. Trewer.

DISCHARGE MEASUREMENTS. Made from footbridge erected on lower chord of upstream bridge truss.

CHANNEL AND CONTROL. Sandy clay; fairly permanent in recent years.

EXTREMES OF DISCHARGE. Maximum stage during year from water-stage recorder, 

20.95 feet at 8.30 a. m. February 17 (discharge, 17,900 second-feet); minimum 

stage from water-stage recorder, 0.22 foot at 1 a. m. September 10 (discharge, 52 

second-feet).

1903-1906, 1908-1913, and 1915-1921: Maximum stage recorded, 25.44 feet at 

noon May 17, 1916 (discharge, 55,100 second-feet); minimum stage recorded, 2.7 

feet at 6 p. m. August 29, 1909 (discharge, about 18 second-feet).

ICE. Stage-discharge relation affected by ice.

REGULATION. Some diurnal fluctuation due to operation of mills at Mount Morris is 

observable during extremely low water.

ACCURACY. Stage-discharge relation practically permanent except as affected by ice 

during the most of January and February. Previous rating curve revised below 

gage height 1.00 foot and is very well denned between 75 and 7,000 second-feet 

and fairly well defined between 7,000 and 60,000 second-feet. Operation of 

water-stage recorder satisfactory throughout year. Daily discharge ascertained 

by applying to rating table mean daily gage height obtained by inspecting recorder graph or, for days of considerable fluctuation, by averaging discharge for 

intervals of the day. Open-water records good; winter records fair.
SlKEAMB TKIBUTAKY TO LAKE ONTARIO. 55

Discharge measurements of Genesee River at Jones Bridge, near Mount Morris, N. Y., 

during the year ending Sept. SO, 1921.

Date.

Feb. 4

16

19

Made by 

.....do..................

.....do..................

.....do..................

Gage 

height.

Feet. 

05.12

<>3.24

o2.47

o6.34

Discharge.

Sec.-ft. 

362

481

777

2,750

Date.

Feb. 19

Mar. 5

May 31

Sept. 9

Made by 

.....do..................

.....do..................

E. B. Shupe. ..........

Gage 

height.

Feet. 

5.96

5.55

2.54

.51

Discharge.

Sec.-ft.

9 QO/l

2,630

823

87.0

o Stage-discharge relation affected by ice.

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Genesee River at Jones Bridge, near Mount Morris, N. Y., 

for the year ending Sept. SO, 1921.

Day.

1..............

2..............

3..............

4..............

5..............

6..............

7..............

8..............

9..............

10..............

11..............

12..............

13..............

14..............

15..............

16..............

17..............

18..............

19..............

20..............

21..............

22..............

23..............

24.............

25..............

26..............

27..............

28..............

29..............

30..............

31..............

Oct.

3,520

2,740

1,420

920

690

565

492

434

381

337

*>oo

312

316

298

298

298

214

219

288

268

210

213

192

187

222

235

- 238

248

238

251

226

Nov.

288

291

298

353

361

302

258

271

271

271

278

323

316

274

291

291

305

312

390

492

812

3,920

8,180

6,670

3,830

2,820

2,340

2,020

1,960

1,720

Dec.

1,540

4,590

4,840

2,960

2,410

2,34fl

2,020

i fifin

1,300

1,140

1,060

948

920

2,000

3,760

2,150

1,540

1,300

1,110

1,140

1,060

1,110

1,500

2,750

1,500

1,100

1,000

1,000

900

1,000

1.000

Jan.

1,700

3,140

4,200

2,280

1,900

1,960

1,420

1,540

1,900

1,300

1,080

1,000

840

650

480

300

300

300

400

650

1,000

3,000

3,000

1,400

1,200

480

320

340

340

420

400

Feb'.

400

480

500

500

440

750

650

600

550

750

600

550

500

550

600

2,350

14,800

8,390

3,100

2,150

1,600

1,330

1,220

1,060

948

1,030

920

1,080

Mar.

1,440

2,170

6,660

4,720

2,680

4,440

12,300

11,800

10,500

10,100

5,130

3,530

3,900

4,060

3,030

2,820

2,610

2,220

2,080

1.900

2,150

2.150

1,900

1.660

1,900

1,720

1,840

2,060

3,240

2,610

2.150

Apr.

2,960

2,750

2,220

1,840

1,600

1,420

1,300

1,220

1,480

1,900

1,540

1,280

1,170

1,080

1,030

1,030

1,650

2,960

2,280

1,840

1,420

1,780

2,290

5,800

3,100

2,080

1,720

1,780

1,660

2,150

May.

2,020

1,960

1,900

1,600

1,420

1,280

1,220

1,140

1,080

920

,840

765

740

740

715

640

590

545

506

479

438

403

470

615

640

815

840

665

790

1,170

865

June

690

690

545

438

377

345

330

295

268

261

254

323

361

345

319

302

288

261

222

207

 198

184

173

164

154

148

353

271

264

615

July.

590

430

334

295

254

216

190

176

178

305

357

399

448

690

590

780

715

479

381

2,720

1,760

1,020

690

535

434

377

377

323

291

278

349

Aug.

305

264

295

377

334

271

254

295

365

341

271

295

565

434

327

285

248

254

291

285

241

222

241

207

159 137*

167

175

99

131

136

Sept

164

120

124

132

114

94

103

117

118

102

173

142

115

132

131

143

112

284

287

349

268

258

251

302

222

281

288

251

216

222

NOTE. Discharge, Dec. 25 to Jan. 1 and Jan. 14 to Feb. 15 determined from gage-heights corrected for ice 

effect from 4 discharge measurements and study of weather records: May 28, 29, June 9 to 11, June 15 to 

July 15, and Aug. 13 determined from gage-heights estimated from recorder graph.

Monthly discharge of Genesee River at Jones Bridge, near Mount Morris, N. Y.,for the year

ending Sept. 30, 1921. 

[Drainage area, 1,400 square miles.]

Month.

March. . .......................................

May...........................................

Jun«.. .........................................

July...........................................

Discharge in second-feet.

Maximum.

3,250 

8,180 

4,840 

4,200 

14,800 

12,300 

5,800 

2,020 

690 

2,720 

565 

349

14,800

Minimum.

187 

258 

900 

300 

400 

1,440 

1,030 

403 

148 

176 

99 

94

 94

Mean.

542 

1,350 

1,760 

1,270 

1,730 

3,920 

1,940 

929 

322 

547 

267 

187

1,230

Per

square 

mile.

0.387 

.964 

1.26 

.907 

1.24 

2.80 

1.39 

.664 

.230 

.391 

.191 

.134

.879

Run-off 

in inches.

0.45 

1.08 

1.45 

1.05 

1.29 

3.23 

1.55 

.77 

.26 

.45 

.22 

.15

11.95
56 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1921, PART IV.

GENESEE RIVER AT DRIVING PARK AVENUE, ROCHESTER, N. Y.

LOCATION. In station No. 5 of Rochester Gas & Electric Corporation, 400 feet above 

Driving Park Avenue Bridge, 1$ miles northwest of center of city of Rochester, 

Monroe County, and 5 miles above mouth of river.

DRAINAGE AREA. 2,460 square miles.

RECORDS AVAILABLE. December 17, 1919, to September 30, 1921.

GAGES. Gurley 7-day water-stage recorder installed in northwest corner of power 

house, December 14,1919, to March 8,1920, and November 2,1920, to September 

30, 1921. Staff gage above Court Street dam, March 17 to April 4, 1920, and 

chain gage at site of water-stage recorder April 5 to August 19,1920, when the waterstage recorder wag out of commission. Recorder inspected by C. M. Hawkins, 

employee of Rochester Gas & Electric Corporation.

DISCHARGE MEASUREMENTS. Made from cable about 2,000 feet below gage.

CHANNEL AND CONTROL. Coarse gravel and large broken rock; probably permanent.

EXTREMES OP DISCHARGE. 1919-1921: Maximum discharge recorded, about 26,000 

second-feet at 2.30 p. m. March 17,1920 (observed at Court Street dam); minimum 

stage occurs nearly every day during low-water period, when power plant shuts 

down.

ICE. Stage-discharge relation not affected by ice.

REGULATION. Daily discharge affected by storage for power purposes at Rochester 

and points upstream.

DIVERSIONS. The Barge Canal crosses the river near the southern line of the city of 

Rochester. It discharges water into Genesee River from Lake Erie and diverts 

water to the east for canal purposes.

ACCURACY. Stage-discharge relation probably permanent; not affected by ice. Rating curve for water-stage recorder fairly well defined between 500 and 5,000 secondfeet and well defined between 5,000 and 15,000 second-feet. Rating curve for 

Court Street dam fairly well defined between 1,000 and 25,000 second-feet; gage 

read to tenths twice daily. Chain gage rating curve, based on and parallel to 

water-stage recorder rating curve, approximate only; gage read to tenths at sixhour intervals. Operation of water-stage recorder satisfactory, except as indicated 

in footnotes to daily-discharge table. Daily discharge ascertained from waterstage recorder graph by discharge integrator; from gage heights at Court Street 

dam, by applying mean daily gage height to rating table and adding discharge 

through East and West mill races; from chain gage readings, by applying each 

gage reading to rating table and determining mean discharge for day. Records 

fair, except for period when chain gage was used, for which they are roughly 

approximate.

Discharge measurements of Genesee River at Driving Park Avenue, Rochester, N. Y., for 

the years ending Sept. 30, 1920 and 1921.

Date.

1920.

26

July 21

Aug. 17

19

Nov. 8

24 

24

Dec. 13

Made by 

.....do..................

.....do..................

.....do..................

.....do..................

.....do.................. 

.....do..................

.....do..................

Gage 

height.

Fed. 

03.80

03.80

03.95

03.72

03.72

2.40

7.92 

7.77

3.50

Discharge.

Sec.-ft. 

1.800

1,870

2,230

1,820

2,590

1,300

9,460 

9,630

Date.

1921. 

Feb. 17

Mar. 15

23

24

May 27

Sept. 10

Made by 

.....do..................

.....do..................

.....do..................

Gage 

height.

Feet. 

8.97

5.83

4.48

4.37

3.95

2.57

Discharge.

Sec.-ft. 

12,70 >

5,2?J

3,170

3,090

2.450

784

o Gage height read on chain gage and reduced to datum of water-stage recorder. 

NOTE. Measurements June 5 to Aug. 19,1920, supersede those previously published.
STREAMS TRIBUTARY TO LAKE ONTARIO. 57

Daily discharge, in second-feet, ofGenesee River at Driving Part; Avenue, Rochester, N. Y. } 

during the year* ending Sept. 30, 1920 and 1921.

Day.

1919-20. 

1... ...........

2..............

3..............

4... ...........

6..............

7..............

8..............

9..............

10..............

11..............

12..............

13..............

14..............

15..............

16..............

17..............

18..............

19..............

20..............

21..............

22..............

23..............

24..............

25..............

26..............

27..............

28..............

29..............

80..............

31..............

1920-21. 

1... ...........

2..............

3..............

4.. ............

5..............

6..............

7..............

8..............

9..............

10..............

11..............

12..............

13..............

14..............

15..............

16..............

17..............

18..............

19..............

20..............

21..............

22..............

23..............

24..............

25..............

26..............

27..............

28..............

29..............

30..............

31..............

Oct.

1,250

Nov.

1,040

6,200

9,700

7,800

5,000

4,400

3,700

3,300

3,100

Dec.

800

750

760

650

600

550

600

650

2,800

4,400

7,800

6,700

4,500

3,700

3,500

2,400

2,450

1,750

1,800

2,000

1 T^n

1,550

3,800

4,500

3,100

2,450

2,100

1,800

1,700

1,700

2,600

3,900

-

1,800

Jan.

500

550

550

460

380

400

420

420

Wl

320

460

AA(\

500

400

460

420

44A

460

440

4Af\

440

400

420

440

d9fl

1

440

500 ^n

[3,200

1

3,400

9 onn

9 finn

1,350

560

600

720

ofin

2

0rtrt

2,900

1 4fWl

980 &fin

800

840

ofin

880

Feb.

440

480

480

500

EAA

Crtfl

550 p;p;ft

ftCrt

600

600

ftKA

ADD

650

600

700

600

550

550

ccn

600

^vi

650

600

550

550

500

550

400

sfifl

740

720

740

1,080

1,750

1 f\f^\

I

OQft

1,550

i finn

1 O^Ul

1,200

1,240

1 140

1,420

10 600

15^900

9 QAO.

A fiftfi

3,100

2,400

2,000

1,850

1,180

1, 160

1,160

1,500

Mar.

550

550

550

550

550

850

2,300

13,000

26,000

24,000

18,000

10,000

'5,500

5,000

5,500

7,000

7,500

7,500

7,500

7,500

5,000

4,000

3,600

1 OCA

3,000

6,700

9 inn

6,100

5 400 lo'eoo

15,200

15,800

15,500

12,300

7 400

5 QAA

e;ioo

5,600

4,800

4 700 4', wo

3

cnf|

3,800

4,100

3,700

3 9cvn

2,600

9 ftfyi

2,200

2,500

2,600

4,300

4,600

3 QAfl

Apr.

3,200

2,800

2,800

2,400

2,400

2

AAf|

1.900

2,400

2 9ftf|

I QAfl

2 400

2 9ftf|

1 800

2,000

2

f|AA

2,000

4,000

4,000

3,400

2 9flfl

2,000

1,600

1,600

2,200

9 finn

2,200

1,600

2,400

z. nnn

4,600

3

AC\f\

4,000

3

KAft

1,800

2,350

1,850

J 40Q

1,300

1,120

1,100

1

OAA

3,100

4,600

3,900

2,900

9 ?nn

3

CAA

5,700

7,100

4,100

2 400

3' 000

3,700

3,700

May.

3,800

3,000

3,200

2,200

1 900

1,700

1 ^nn

1,300

1 400

1,600

1 K>(\f\

1 3ftfi

1,200

950

1,000

1,100

1,700

1,300

1,400

1,700

1,700

1,600

1,700

1,900

I QAA

1,800

1,500

1,400

1,400

1,000

1,100

4,200

3,800

3 QAA

3,400

3,000

2

CAA

2,450

2 7nn

2 250

2' 200

2,000 i onn

2 000

2,100

2 o en

2,100

1,750

1,750

1 7VI

1 800

1,850

1,550

1,700

1,450

1 4^0

1,850 i Rftft

2,250

1,850

2,150

2,250

June.

1,400

1,300

1,300

1,400

1,000

850

1,300

1,300

1 200

1 300

1 OAA

1,100

800

1,400

1,100

1,100

1,200

1,200

1,600

1,700

1,700

1,500

1,400

1,300

1,200

1,200

850

1,200

1,000

1,200

2,050

2,050

I QKA

1,850

1,450

1,700

1,500

1,450

1 500

l'400

1,450

1,250

I

enrt

1,400

1,400

1,350

1,350

1,400

1 qcn

1,350

1,300

1,350 i 9^0.

1,220

1,240

1,200

1 300

l'220

1 tfM

1,300

July.

i inn

1,200

1,000

900

QAfl

QArt

1,100

1,200

950

1,000

900

1,100

1,000

800

QCft

7crt

800

1,100

1,700

2,200

1,500

1,400

3,800

11,000

U nnn

5,000

3,400

2 9on

1,700

1,400

1 550

1^850

1 400

i 4p;n

i win

1 Q^n

1,300

1 300 1* 9fU"l

1,200

1,250

1,160

1 CAA

1,450

1,800

i >;<tf)

1,250

1,850

1 Kni)

I Atif\

4,000

2 7ftn

2 inn

1,500

1,400

1,300

I QAA

1,300 i ozn

1,200

1,080

Aug.

1,300

1,600

-1,400

1,400

1,100

1.100 i P»AA

1,000

1 *>ftA

1,200

1,100

1,200

1 "iOO

i'/mn

1,600

1,800

1 400

2 ' nnn

1,500

1,300

1 200

1^100

1,100

1 000

QCA

onn

850

QO.fl

onn

850

1,160

1,160

1 140

i ' nnn

1,100

1,100

1,420

980

1,020

1,120

1,180

1,120

960

1,240

1 140

1 060

l'080 I'oeo

820

940

940

920

880

780

820

860

800

-

Sept.

OCA

7CA

QAA

850

OCA

800

900

850

QAA

QAA

QfiA

950

1,200

1,400

1,100

1,100

1 '950 000

950

800

800

850

750

800

850

750

850

800

800

900

800

760

780

74fi

800

620

880

780

740

760

860

800

800

900

760

940

960

960

900

960

940

980

880

980

840

NOTE. Discharge for the following periods were infrequent when water-stage recorder did not operate 

satisfectorily or when readings of chain gage estimated on basis of record of power generation at station 

No. 5, and comparison with records of flow of Genesee River at Jones Bridge: Dec. 17-24,1919, Jan. 26-29, 

Feb. 1,2,19,27,29, Mar. 1,4, 8-16, May 15, June 3, 20, July 5,6, Aug. 15, 22, Nov. 2-23, Dec. 22,25-31,1920, 

Jan. 1-4,8-18, Apr. 4-10, Aug. 27-31, and Sept. 1-6,1921, automatic gage records either faulty, fragmentary, 

or missing or chain gage readings incomplete. Discharge, Aug 20 to Nov. 1, 1920, based on records of 

power generation at station No. 5; chain gage heights either missing or incomplete. Braced figures show 

mean discharge for periods indicated.
58 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1921, PART IV.

Monthly discharge of Genesee River at Driving Park Avenue, Rochester, N. Y., for the 

years ending Sept. 30, 1920 and 1921.

(.Drainage area, 2,460 square miles.l

Month.

1919-20. 

December 17-31... ... ..........................

January .......................................

March .........................................

May...........................................

July...........................................

September. ....................................

1920-21. 

October.......................................

N ovember . ....................................

December .....................................

January .......................................

February......................................

March .........................................

April..........................................

May...........................................

July...........................................

August .;......................................

September. ....................................

Discharge in second-feet.

Maximum.

550 

700 

26,000 

5,000 

3,800 

1,700 

11,000 

2,000 

1,400

9,700

7,800 

1 3,400 

15,900 

15,800 

7,100 

4,200 

2,050 

4,000 

1,240

980

15,900

Minimum .

550 

320 

400 

550 

1,600 

950 

850 

800 

850 

750

1,550 

560 

720 

1,850 

1,100 

1,450 

1,200 

1,080

620

560

Mean.

730

448 

560 

8,600 

2,530 

1,670 

1,250 

2,100 

1,260 

895

1,250 

2,200 

2.820 

1,660 

2,650 

5,920 

2,810 

2,270 

1,450 

1,550 

987 

837

2,200

Per

square 

mile.

0.297 

.182 

.228 

3.50 

1.03 

.679 

.508 

.854 

.512 

.364

.508 

.894 

1.15 

.675 

1.08 

2.41 

1.14 

.923 

.589 

.630 

.401 

.340

.894

Run-off 

in inches.

0.17 

.21 

.25 

4.04 

1.15 

.78 

.57 

.98 

.59 

.41

.59 

1.00 

1.33 

.78 

1.12 

2.78 

1.27 

1.06 

.66 

.73 

.46 

.38

12.16

NOTE. The above figures do not represent the natural flow from the drainage area on account of inflow 

and diversion at the crossing of the Barge Canal during the navigation season.

CANASERAGA CREEK NEAR DANSVILLE, N. Y.

LOCATION. At highway bridge 1 mile west of Dansville, Livingston County, 2,200 

feet below mouth of Mill Brook and 22 miles above mouth of creek.

DRAINAGE AREA. 158 square miles (measured by engineers of New York State Conservation Commission).

RECORDS AVAILABLE. July 21, 1910, to December 31, 1912; July 10, 1915, to June 

30, 1917; March 10 to June 16, 1919; March 17, 1920, to September 30, ,1921.

GAGE. Gurley 7-day water-stage recorder installed October 19, 1920. Prior to this 

date, gage was a vertical staff at the downstream side of left abutment. Observer, 

Frank S. Fox.

DISCHARGE MEASUREMENTS. Made from bridge or by wading.

CHANNEL AND CONTROL. Sand and gravel; shifting frequently.

EXTREMES OF DISCHARGE. Maximum stage recorded, 8.78 feet at 6.10 p. m. March 

9 during a discharge measurement (discharge, 1,270 second-feet); minimum stage, 

6.03 feet at 4 p. m. September 10 (discharge, 14 second-feet).

1910-1912, 1915-1917, and 1919-1921: Maximum stage recorded, 13.0 feet at 

9.30 p. m. May 16, 1916 (discharge, determined from logarithmic extension of 

rating curve, roughly 6,600 second-feet); minimum discharge, 14 second-feet, 

September 10, 1921.

ICE. Stage-discharge relation affected by ice. 
STREAMS TRIBUTARY TO LAKE ONTARIO.

ACCURACY. Stage-discharge relation changed during high water in March. Eating 

curves fairly well denned between 30 and 2,000 second-feet. Operation of waterstage recorder generally satisfactory except for periods indicated in footnote to 

daily-discharge table. Daily discharge ascertained by applying to rating table 

mean daily gage height determined from recorder graph or for periods of considerable daily fluctuation in stage by averaging discharge for intervals of day. 

Records fair.

Discharge measurements of Canaseraga Creek near Dansmlle, N. Y., during the year

ending Sept. 30, 1921.

Date.

Oct. 1

9

30

Dec. 18

18

Jan. 6

6

26

Feb. 5

18

Made by 

.,.. .do..... .............

.1... do.. ................

.....do..................

.....do..................

.....do..................

.....do..................

.....do..................

.....do..................

.....do..................

Gage

Feet. 

7.60

6 24

6.19

6.55

6.82

6.82

«7.50

06.89

7.25

Discharge.

Sec.-ft. 

476

38.5

34.0

90.8

90.4

157

156

84.1

61.7

313

Date.

Feb. 26

28

Mar. 9

9

10

2

2

Sept. 11

Made byOtto Lauterhahn. ......

.....do..................

.....do..................

.....do..................

.....do..................

.....do..................

B. F. Howe............

Gage 

height.

Feet. 

a6.61

6.78

8.29

8.68

7.80

6.30

6.30

6.30

6.58

Discharge.

Sec.-/*. 

77.5

139

905

1.200

598

40.6

37.5

38.6

80.4

« Stage-discharge relation affected by ice.

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Canaseraga Creek near Dansmlle, N. Y., for the year

ending Sept. 30, 1921.

Day.

1..............

2..............

3..............

4..............

5..............

6..............

7............

8..............

9..............

10..............

11..............

12..............

13..............

14..............

15..............

16..............

17..............

18..............

19..............

20..............

21..............

22

23..............

24..............

25..............

26..............

27..............

28..............

29..............

30..............

31..............

Oct.

A<y7

175

112

70

54

4fi

40

4fl

34

0^.

1£

34

Qj

30

30

34

32

31

30

31

30

31

30

30

32

38

36

38

36

34

Nov.

Oc

36

41

42

41

OQ

Ofl

Ofi

Qfl

41

41

40

34

OQ

00

oq

49

49

55

75

119

oco

479

375

97n

01 Q

187

175

160

Dec.

190

604

418

306

246

911

172

140

Q.1

(U

94

(U

165

183

107

94

on

83

87

CO

136

151

80

80

on

85

75

75

70

Jan.

81 4.nfi

255

184

162

197

IRQ

134

85

79

7Q

74

70

65

60

60

70

110

180

160

120

Q1

85

50

50

44

46

50

Feb.

Kf\

46

46

70

on

75

65

65

70

79

70

72

63

63

66

294

1,010

422

250

151

120

on

70

60

60

71

on

151

Mar.

181

653

563

310

A97

592

988

988

1,060

1,130

332

288

453

288

247

288

209

192

161

161

164

142

122

117

136

158

158

194

228

224

226

Apr.

323

247

192

161

139

122

112

107

164

136

117

104

95

88

86

84

143

161

145

134

139

145

467

AAQ

259

198

164

148

158

158

May.

155

161

136

117

104

95

86

78

70

65

62

60

63

60

55

53

52

49

49

46

46

45

74

63

62

65

55

52

65

55

47

June.

39

40

38

85

32

34

31

31

30

31

3Q

40

38

34

30

31

35

34

28

27

25

25

25

24

23

24

25

32

50

55

July.

39

32

28

26

26

27

25

23

40

37

30

32

30

48

72

35

28

25

77

97

62

39

34

27

26

48

39

28

27

27

23

Aug.

22

28

28

23

22

22

28

27

25

22

29

68

39

31

28

24

26

39

29

27

26

24

22

21

20

19

19

18

17

18

17

Sept.

16

16

23

35

01

20

18

18

16

16

70

40

25

22

22

18

43

184

56

37

34

37

30

24

45

52

35

30

25

32

NOTE. Discharge, Dec. 25-31, Jan. 17 to Feb. 7, and Feb. 21-27 determined from gage heights corrected 

 for ice effect from three discharge measurements, study of weather record, and comparison with records 

of flow at other stations. Discharge estimated Feb. 19, June 29 and 30. Staff-gage readings used Oct. 1- 

18, Jan. 23, 24, Jan. 26 to Feb. 5, and Feb. 20 to Mar. 18; no record from water-stage recorder.
60 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1921, PAET IV.

Monthly discharge of Canaseraga Creek near Dansville, N. Y., for the year ending Sept.

SO, mi.

[Drainage area, 158 square miles.]

Month.

October.......................................

March.........................................

April..........................................

May...........................................

July...........................................

Discharge in second-feet.

Maximum.

427 

479 

604 

406 

1,010 

1.130 

467 

161 

55 

97 

68 

184

1,130

Minimum.

30 

33 

70 

44 

46 

117 

84 

45 

23 

23 

17 

16

16

Mean.

56.3 

112 

150 

115 

136 

367 

171 

72.4 

32.8 

37.3 

26.1 

35.3

109

Per 

square 

mite.

0.356 

.709 

.949 

.728 

.861 

2.32 

1.08 

.458 

.208 

.236 

.165 

.223

.690

Run-off 

in inches.

0.41 

.79 

1.09 

.84 

.90 

2.68 

1.20 

.53 

.23 

.27 

.19 

.25

9.38

CANASERAGA CREEK AT SHAKERS CROSSING, N. Y.

LOCATION. At highway bridge at Shakers Crossing, 1 mile above mouth and \\ miles 

northeast of Mount Morris, Livingston County.

DRAINAGE AREA. 335 square miles (measured by engineers of New York State Conservation Commission).

RECORDS AVAILABLE. Occasional current-meter measurements 1904-1915. Continuous record of gage height and occasional current-meter measurements July 

13, 1915, to September 30,1921.

GAGE. Gurley 7 day graph water-stage recorder on the left bank, just below bridge. 

Datum of gage same as that established on Genesee River at Jones Bridge near 

Mount Morris July 12, 1915 (540.00 feet Conservation Commission datum). 

Recorder inspected by Mrs. William Russell.

DISCHARGE MEASUREMENTS. Made from highway bridge or by wading.

CHANNEL AND CONTROL. Firm gravel; not likely to shift; subject to backwater from 

Genesee River.

ICE. Stage-discharge relation affected by ice.

EXTREMES OF STAGE. Maximum stage during year from water-stage recorder, 

23.37 feet at 9.30 a.m. February 17; minimum stage from water-stage recorder, 

7.68 feet from 8 to 10 p. m. September 3.

1915-1921: Maximum stage from water-stage recorder, 28.92 feet at 1 p. m. 

May 17, 1916; minimum stage from water-stage recorder occurred September 

3, 1921.

Station maintained for purpose of obtaining record of water-surface elevations only.
STREAMS TRIBUTARY TO LAKE ONTARIO. 61

Daily gage height, in feet, of Canaseraga Creek at Shakers Crossing, N. Y.,for the year

fJ&tJv, Rent O\J QH , J.i7fJJ., 1Q91

Day.

1. .............

2..............

3..............

5..-.-.-.......

6..............

7..............

8..............

9..............

10..............

11..............

12..............

13..............

14..............

15..............

16.............. 

17..............

18..............

19..............

20..............

21..............

22..............

23..............

24.............. 

25..............

26..............

27..............

28..............

29.............. 

30..............

31..............

Oct.

12.30

10.59 

9.33 

8.97

8.80

8.70

8.65

8.60

8.59

8.51

8.51

8.49

8.49

8.45

8.42

8.40 

8.20

8.20

8.31

8.19

8.01

8.01

8.00

7.98 

7.95

7.97

8.00

8.07

8.08 

8.11

8.09

Nov.

8.28

8.40 

8.42 

8.45

8.41

8.39

8.35

8.35

8.36

8.38

8.39

8.40

8.36

8.13

8 49

8.49 

8.55

8.62

8.70

8.86

9.22

11.88

15.80

14.43 

11.73

10.79

Dec.

.......

10.31

10.17

9.88

9.52

9.20

9.12

9.10

9.03

9.07

10.09

11.30

9.78 

9.29

9.10

8.98

9.11

9.03

9.01

9.70

10.38 

9.31

9.33

9.37

9.23

9.28

9

1 K

Jan.

9.25

11.54 

11.78 

10.21

9.90

9.90

9.34

9.72

9.70

9.25

9.34

9.11

8.85

9.01

8.92

8.81 

8.70

8.82

8.90

8.85

9.01

10.00

10.10

9.45 

9.06

9.12

9.20

9.06

8.95 

8 91

8 94

Feb.

8.88

8.80 

8.80 

8.85

8.97

9.57

9.31

9.05

9.18

9.50

9.15

9.19

9.11

9.03

9.08

11.43 

20,98

15.62

11.62

10.27

9.57

9.46

9.21

9.08 

9.C5

9.00

8.91

9.53

Mar

9.87

10.51 

14.59 

12.60

10.80

12.56

18.96

18.74

17.80

17.45

13.20

11.52

12.18

12.01

11.14

11.02 

10.75

10.31

10.10

10.04

10.19

10.05

9.78

9.64 

9.66

9.74

9.75

9.96

11.20 

10.74

in 90

Apr.

11.03

10.95 

10.38 

10.00

9.77

9.51

9.35

9.26

9.61

9.84

9.56

9.23

9.09

9.02

9.03

9.06 

10.02

11.10

10.55

9.93

9.64

9.80

10.91

13.58 

11.13

10.11

9.70

9.60

9.61 

9.89

May.

9.72

9.70 

9.58 

9.27

9.13

8 97

8.91

8.84

8.74

8.67

8.64

8.66

8.93

8.99

8.93

8.84 

8.81

8.78

8.74

8.68

8.68

8.46

8.65

8.96 

8.90

8.98

8.91

8.69

8.79 

8.85

8.66

June.

8.54

8.43 

8.40 

8.45

8.36

8.39

8.37

8.38

8.38

8.34

8.44

 8.43

8.40

8.41

8.38 

8.33

8.27

8.07

8.08

8.15

8.10

8.04

7.96 

7.86

7.86

7.90

7.95

8.16 

8.28

July.

8.13

8.03 

7.97 

7.91

7.89

7.87

7.85

7.82

7.79

8.16

8.00

7.89

8.07

8.35

8.40

8.12 

7.96

7.91

7.92

10.21

8.91

8.09

8.01

8.00 

7.98

7.95

8.19

7.97

7.88 

7.92

7.88

Aug.

7.76

7.75 

7.87 

7.86

7.80

7 79

7.86

7.89

7.85

7.78

7.73

8.06

8.05

7.93

7.87

7.84 

7.80

7.93

7.92

7.85

7.84

7.78

7.82

7.73

7.70

7.69

7.71

7.71

7.70 

7.71

7 79

Sept.

7.77

7.76 

7.70

7.82

7 78

7.78

7.76

7.75

7.71

7.88

8.13

7.89

7.81

7 80

7.78 

7.76

8.60

8.26

8.00

7.92

7.93

7.93

7.88 

7.88

8.17

8.04

7.92

7.89 

7.86

NOTE. No gage-height record Nov. 27 to Dec. 4: recorder did not operate. Estimates for portions of 

day made from recorder graph Jan. 1, Apr. 2, 29, 30, May 7, 13, 14, 20, 21, 27, 28, June 1, July 1, 2, 14-16, 

and Sept. 30.

KESHEQUA CREEK AT CRAIG COLONY, SON YE A, N. Y.

LOCATION. 200 feet downstream from private highway bridge on grounds of Craig

Colony at Sonyea, Livingston County.

DRAINAGE AREA. 70 square miles (measured by the State Conservation Commission). 

RECORDS AVAILABLE. October 31, 1917, to September 30, 1921, at present site;

July 22, 1910, to December 31, 1912, at a site 200 feet upstream. August 29, 1915,

to October 31, 1917, at a site 1 mile downstream. 

GAGE. Vertical staff gage in three sections on retaining wall on left bank just above

the concrete dam for pumping plant of Craig Colony; read by A. J. Porter. 

DISCHARGE MEASUREMENTS. Made from private highway bridge above gage or by

wading. 

CONTROL. Double-crested concrete dam built by Craig Colony for maintaining water

level for their pumping plant; permanent. 

EXTREMES OF DISCHARGE. Maximum stage recorded during year, 3.10 feet at 8

p. m. February 16 (discharge, 1,410 second-feet); minimum stage, 0.09 foot several

times, September 2-13 (discharge, 1.3 second-feet).

1917-1921: Maximum stage recorded, 5.9 feet at 10 a. m. May 22, 1919 (discharge not determined); minimum stage recorded, 0.13 foot at 8 a. m. August 20,

1918 (discharge, 0.7 second-foot). 

ICE. Stage-discharge relation slightly affected by ice. 

34897 23 WSP 524 5
62 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1921, PART IV.

ACCURACY. Stage-discharge relation permanent except for change caused by use of 

flashboards on control, October 1 to November 11. Rating curve used November 

12 to September 30 well denned below 500 second-feet; curve used for period of 

backwater effect from flashboards approximate only. Gage read to hundredths 

twice daily. Daily discharge determined by applying mean daily gage-height to 

rating table. Records good except for period when flashboarda were on dam and 

for period of ice effect.

Discharge measurements of Keshequa Creek at Craig Colony, Sonyea, N. T., during the

year ending Sept. SO, 1921.

Date.

Oct. 19

Dec. 18

Jan. 7

7

7

Made by 

.....do..................

.....do.................

.....do.................

.....do.................

height.

Fed. 

o2.26

.68

.70

.745

Discharge.

Sec.-ft. 

7.9

26.0

30.3

34.6

44.5

Date.

Mar. 10

10

2

2

Made by 

.....do.................

Howe and Lauterhahn.

.....do.................

.....do.................

height.

Feet. 

1.39

1.38

.46

.395

.39

Discharge.

Sec.-ft. 

175

175

9.3

7.5

7.0

Flashboards on dam.

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Keshequa Creek at Craig Colony, Sonyea, N. Y.,for the

year ending Sept. SO, 1921.

Day.

1. ...... .......

2..............

3..............

4..............

5..............

6..............

7..............

8..............

9..............

10..............

11..............

12..............

13..............

14..............

15..............

16..............

17..............

18..............

19..............

20..............

21..............

22..............

23..............

24..............

25..............

26..............

27..............

28..............

29..............

30..............

31..............

Oct.

160

40

19

16

12

11

10

9

9

9

8

8

9

8

8

8

8

8

8

8

7

8

8

7

8

8

8

9

9

9

9

Nov.

9

9

10

10

9

10

8

9

9

9

9

13

12

8.6

7.5

8.6

12

16

17

27

52

173

410

179

119

97

82

82

82

61

Dec.

63

296

105

87

67

58

50

39

27

29

29

29

30

67

53

36

29

26

20

24

24

24

144

56

29

25

39

29

22

31

31

Jan.

30

235

95

58

60

52

29

69

39

20

29

26

21

22

20

17

12

20

24

26

44

67

67

25

15

17

20

7

8

10

11

Feb.

11

14

16

14

21

58

37

40

46

65

31

34

29

34

34

458

340

117

65

39

31

35

31

24

12

19

27

54

Mar.

61

186

223

82

70

291

470

680

505

197

119

91

141

93

80

133

69

63

54

87

60

50

41

40

50

44

41

122

100

91

74

Apr.

109

70

52

46

40

39

35

30

100

56

41

37

35

30

28

27

166

153

127

78

76

84

219

127

74

56

50

39

42

53

May.

47

53

42

36

31

28

24

21

20

19

16

16

18

19

15

14

13

12

13

12

9.7

9.7

24

17

28

20

14

16

14

16

11

June.

8.6

8.0

7.5

6.8

6.8

4.7

1 5.5

1

6.1

13

8.0

8.0

6.4

4.0

4.4

6.8

5.4

4.0

3.8

4.0

3.7

4.7

3.7

5.0

6.8

9.0

14

12

July.

7.5

7.2

5.4

3.7

3.4

3.4

2.7

2.7

2.7

3.5

2.6

2.4

2.4

7.5

6.1

4.0

2.7

2.7

2.3

2.2

2.2

2.2

2.2

2.7

3.5

Aug.

2.4

2.0

3.0

3.7

2.4

2.2

2.7

3.4

5.4

2.4

2.4

4.7

5.8

6.1

4.4

5.0

4.0

6.1

6.4

4.7

4.0

3.0

3.7

3.0

2.4

2.6

2.4

2.2

2.4

1.8

2.2

Sept.

i.5

1.3

2.0

1.5

1.4

1.4

1.4

1.3

1.3

1.4

1.4

1.4

1.4

2.0

2.1

2.1

2.3

7.5

7.5

4.7

5.4

3.4

4.0

2.7

2.4

5.8

6.8

5.4

4.0

5.4

NOTE. Discharge estimated Jan. 25 to Feb. 3 because of ice effect; Feb. 8, June 7-10, 26,28, July 10-16, 

and Aug. 21, because gage was not read. Discharge, Oct. 1 to Nov. 11, determined from special rating on 

account of backwater from flashboards on dam.
STREAMS TRIBUTARY TO LAKE ONTARIO. 63

Monthly discharge of Keshegua Creek at Craig Colony, Sonyea, N. T.,for the year ending

Sept. 30, 1921.

[Drainage area, 70 square miles.]

Month.

March.........................................

April..........................................

May...........................................

July...........................................

Discharge in second-feet.

Maximum.

160 

410 

296 

235 

458 

680 

219 

53 

14 

7.5 

6.4 

7.5

680

Minimum.

7 

7.5 

22 

7 

11 

40 

27 

9.7 

3.7 

2.2 

1.8 

1.3

1.3

Mean.

15.0 

52.0 

52.2 

38.5 

62.0 

142 

70.6 

20.9 

6.57 

3.58 

3.51 

3.07

39.1

Per 

square 

mile.

0.214 

.743 

.746 

.550 

.886 

2.03 

1.01 

.299 

.094 

.051 

.050 

.044

.559

Run-^fE 

in inches.

0.25 

.83 

.86 

1 .63 

.92 

2.34 

1.1* 

.34 

.10 

.06 

.06 

.05

7.57

CONESTJS CREEK NEAR LAKEVILLE, N. Y.

LOCATION. At highway bridge known locally as Millville Bridge, 1£ miles north of 

Lakeville, Livingston County, and outlet of Conesus Lake.

DRAINAGE AREA. 71 square milea (furnished by New York State Conservation Commission).

RECORDS AVAILABLE. November 13,1919, to September 30,1921.

GAGE. Vertical staff bolted to upstream side of right abutment of bridge; read by 

W. B. Milliman.

DISCHARGE MEASUREMENTS. Made from highway bridge about one-fourth mile 

downstream or by wading.

CHANNEL AND CONTROL. A rectangular weir, 2.01 feet long and 0.67 foot high under 

upstream side of bridge. When the water overtops this weir it flows over a 2-inch 

plank 25.75 feet long, including the 2 feet of weir. The theoretical stage-discharge 

relation does not apply on account of leakage under the left abutment and around 

the right end of weir.

EXTREMES OF DISCHARGE. Maximum stage recorded during year, 2.10 feet at 5 p. m. 

February 16 (discharge, 157 second-feet); minimum stage recorded, 0.27 foot at 

7.30 a. m. September 29 (discharge, about 2.7 second-feet).

1919-1921: Maximum stage recorded, 2.10 feet at 8 a. m. March 17, 1920 (discharge, 159 second-feet); minimum stage occurred September 29, 1921.

ICE. Creek frozen over in winter, but weir is usually kept free of ice.

DIVERSIONS. No water is diverted from Conesus Lake above the station.

ACCURACY. Stage-discharge relation permanent, except as affected by leakage. 

Rating curve was revised for low stages owing to leakage; fairly well defined between 4 and 150 second-feet. Daily discharge ascertained by applying mean 

daily gage height to rating table. Records only fair.

Discharge measurements of Conesus Creek near Lakeville, N. Y., during the year ending

Sept. 30, 1921.

Date.

Mar. 11

11

Made byOtto Lauterhahn. . .....

.....do..................

Gage 

height.

Feet. 

1.87

1.86

Discharge.

Sec.-ft. 

122

119

Date.

May 28

Made by 

Lauterhahn and Howe.

Gage 

height.

Feet. 

1.24

.54

Discharge.

Sec.-ft. 

46.2

4.7
64 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1921, PART IV.

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Conesus Creek near Lakemlle, N. Y.,for the year ending

Sept. SO, 1921.

Day.

1.^.. ..........

2..............

3..............

4....... . .

5.............

6........... .

7.......

8.......

9......... .

10.............

11.......

12.......

13........... .

14.......

15.........

16.......

17.......

18.........

19........... .

20.............

21..............

22..............

23..............

24..............

25..............

26..............

27..............

28..............

29..............

30..............

31..............

Oct.

28

28

28

28

26

25

25

25

25

24

22

99

22

21

21

20

20

19

17

20

20

17

17

17

17

18

17

17

17

16

Nov.

16

17

17

17

16

1 f\

15

15

15

15

15

14

19.

14

10

12

10

16

16

16

17

30

30

32

34

34

35

36

36

Dec.

43

KK

61

61

62

62

61

61

CQ

CO

CO

C.Q

58

55

CO

CO

51

55

51

50

49

51

50

49

48

47

45

Jan.

47

49c.1

51

51

51

KC

*ft

CO

KG

W

51

51

49

49

49

47

47

47

44

44

46

44

44

42

42

40

40

40

40

Feb.

QQ

QQ

QQ

37

51

w

41

41

49

41

43

42

43

42

Q4

7c.

75

7K

75

73

73

71

70

68

67

74

Mar.

71

707*;

74

70

7K

oo

cy.

114

121

121

121

121

121

121

121

121

121

121

114

114

108

114

108

101

101

108

108

108

108

Apr.

101

101

101

101

101

Q4

94

CM

CM

Q4

QQ

OO

OO

82

S9

QO

CO

94

CM

94

88

94

88

108

101

101

101

94

94

94

May.

94

00

QQ

QQ

00

QO

QO

75

75

70

69

65

64

64

eo

59

CO

EC

56

KG

55

55

56

52

52

47

47

44

42

42

40

June.

36

34

34

QA

OQ

OS

OK

24

24

24

23

99

20

20

20

IS

Ifi

1 S

IS

17

17

17

16

16

17

16

17

16

16

July.

16

16

1 e

16

16

15

1 t\

1 t\

14

14

14

14

10

15it;

15

14

14

15

14

14

14

12

12

11

11

11

10

10

9.6

9.6

Aug.

9 a

7 3

5.0

4 Q

4.6

4.3

4

0

4.3

4 0

^ 7

0 0

O 0

3 A

0 Q

0 0

0 0

3.0

2.9

3.0

3.8

3.8

4.3

5.7

5.7

5.5

4.0

3.8

Sept.

3.6

3

K

1 7

o *

3

0

o 7

3

0

^ 7

o e

o e

e o

4.3

3

*7

3

,^

3

0

3

1

3

*7

3 A

0 A

2

0

3.2

3.8

3.8

3.1

3.4

3.1

2.9

2.9

2.9

3.3

Monthly discharge of Conesus Creek near Lakeville, N. Y., for the year ending Sept. SO,

1921.

[Drainage area, 71 square miles.]

Month.

April..........................................

May...........................................

July...........................................

Discharge in second-feet.

Maximum.

28 

36 

63 

58 

94 

121 

108 

94 

36 

16 

9.6 

5.2

121

Minimum.

16 

12 

43 

40 

37 

70 

82 

40 

16 

9.6 

2.9 

2.8

2.8

Mean.

21.3 

20.0 

55.0 

48.0 

57.2 

105 

93.9 

63.6 

21.8 

13.6 

4.44 

3.47

42.2

Per

square 

mile.

0.300 

.282 

.775 

.676 

.806 

1.48 

1.32 

.896 

.307 

.192 

.063 

.049

.594

Run-off 

in 

inches

0.35 

.31 

.89 

.78 

.84 

1.71 

1.47 

1.03 

.34 

.22 

.07 

.05

8.06

CANADICE LAKE OUTLET NEAR HEMLOCK, N. Y.

LOCATION. At foot of Canadice Lake, Livingston County. Outlet flows into Genesee

River through Canadice Lake outlet and Honeoye Creek. 

DRAINAGE AREA. 12.6 square miles, of which 1.0 square mile is lake surface. 

RECORDS AVAILABLE. April, 1903, to September 30, 1921. 

GAGE. Hook, in channel above weir.
STREAMS TRIBUTARY TO LAKE ONTARIO. 65

CHANNEL ANO CONTROL. Outflow is measured over a standard thin-edged weir with 

a 5-foot crest and two end contractions so arranged with needle timbers at the 

, ends that the length may be increased to 14.96 feet. No end contractions during 

high water. The weir crest stands 3.14 feet above the stream channel, which is 

artificial with a plank bottom and vertical sides, and the crest is never submerged 

by backwater. Two additional rectangular gates, each 1 foot square with three 

complete contractions and a fourth incomplete contraction at the bottom.

ICE. Stage-discharge relation not effected by ice as the pool above the weir is free 

from ice throughout the winter.

DIVERSIONS. No water is diverted from Canadice Lake above the station.

REGULATION. Outflow of lake is regulated by bulkhead and gates at dam above weir.

ACCURACY. Stage-discharge relation permanent. Rating curve used is expressed 

by Francis formula. Corrections are made for velocity of approach for high stages. 

Gage read to hundredths once daily. Records good.

COOPERATION. Data collected, computed, and furnished for publication by the city 

engineer of Rochester.

Monthly discharge of Canadice Lake outlet near Hemlock, N. Y.,for the year ending Sept.

30, 1921. 

[Drainage area, 12.6 square miles.1

Month.

December. ...............

March

April.....................

Discharge 

Mean.

Sec.-ft. 

2.991

2.441

17. 705

11. 898

11. 525

11.072

17. 811

Mean elevation of 

lake above 

low-water 

mark.

Feet. 01 on

.174

1.029

.685

.667

1.880

2.697

Month.

May......................

July......................

Discharge 

Mean.

Sec.-ft. 

9.836

16. 409

2.999

.164

2.023

8.906

Mean elevation of 

lake above 

low-water 

mark.

Feet. 

2,768

.767

.184

-.024

-.391

.8855

NOTE. Terminal water surface for the year was 1.17 feet lower than for the previous year, corresponding to a loss in storage of 32,810,375 cubic feet, or a discharge of 1.040 second-feet for the year. This 

correction applied to the above mean for the year gives 7.866 second-feet.

OWASCO LAKE OUTLET NEAR AUBURN, N. Y.

LOCATION. On farm of Charles H. Pearce, 2 miles below center of Auburn, Cayuga 

County, and 3f miles below State dam at outlet of Owasco Lake.

DRAINAGE AREA. 206 square miles (measured on topographic maps).

RECORDS AVAILABLE. November 17, 1912, to September 30, 1921.

GAGE. Gurley water-stage recorder in a concrete shelter on left bank. Recorder 

inspected by Charles H. Pearce.

DISCHARGE MEASUREMENTS. Made from cable directly opposite gage, or by wading 

100 feet below dam.

CHANNEL AND CONTROL. A low concrete control has been constructed about 15 feet 

below gage. Crest of control is 1 foot wide and the slopes of both upstream and 

downstream faces are J: 1. A small horizontal apron built on a level with bed 

of stream extends downstream 2^ feet from toe of dam. Mean elevation of the 

left end of the dam for a distance of 50 feet is gage height 1.28 feet; the remaining 

50 feet of the crest of the dam is at a gage-height 2.13 feet.

EXTREMES OF DISCHARGE. Maximum stage during year from water-stage recorder, 

3.44 feet at 1.30 p. m. March 16 (discharge, 1,040 eecond-feet); minimum stage 

from water-stage recorder, 1.41 feet at 3 p. m. September 25 (discharge, 5.6 

second-feet).

1912-1921: Maximum stage, 6.4 feet during period March 25-30, 1913, determined by leveling from flood marks (discharge, 2,750 second-feet); minimum 

stage from water-stage recorder, 1.38 feet (effective) at 7 p. m. August 21, 1920" 

(discharge, 3.8 second-feet).
66 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1921, PART IV.

ICE. Stage-discharge relation seldom affected by ice.

DIVERSIONS. An average flow of about 10 second-feet is pumped from Owasco Lake 

for the municipal water supply of the city of Auburn. Proportion returning to 

stream above gaging station is not known.

REGULATION. Large diurnal fluctuation in flow during low-water periods due to 

operation of mills in the city of Auburn; seasonal flow regulated at the State dam.

ACCURACY. Stage-discharge relation permanent except as affected by aquatic growth 

during portions of year; not affected by ice. Rating curve well defined between 

1 and 1,700 second-feet. Operation of the water-stage recorder satisfactory 

throughout year. Daily discharge ascertained by averaging the hourly discharge j 

indirect method used October 1 to November 25. Records excellent.

Discharge measurements of Owasco Lake outlet near Auburn, N. IT., during the year

ending Sept. 30, 1921.

Date.

Oct. 13

14

19

Dec. 4

Made by 

.....do.................

.....do.................

Gage 

height.

Feet. 

2.36

2.35

2.34

2.83

Discharge.

Sec.-ft. 

198

210

211

529

Date.

Dec. 28

28

Feb. 3

May 24

Made byOtto Lauterhahn. ......

.....do.................

.....do.................

*

Fed. 

2.67

2.67

2.46

2.41

Discharge.

Sec.-ft. 

390

381

277

254

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Owasco Lake outlet near Auburn, N. F., for the year

ending Sept. 30, 1921.

Day.

1... ...........

2..............

3..............

4..............

5..............

6..............

7..............

8..............

10..............

11..............

12..............

13..............

14..............

15..............

16..............

17..............

18..............

19..............

20..............

21..............

22..............

23..............

24..............

25..............

26..............

27..............

28..............

29..............

30..............

11

Oct.

106

70

26

97

127

164

163

159

158

146

169

152 IKS

144

150

144

96

125

131

128

117

91

25

125

104

120

117

106

109

Nov.

128

136

122

124

125

130

124

126

136

66

52

97

55

30KS

46

116

116

142

124

33

147

185

159

14,4

148

151

143

157

152

.

Dec.

199

324

457

476

549

564

566

559

550

510

454

444

448

453

44.A

450

431

49Q

398

408

382

381

381

374

359

363

374

354

352

326

OQO

Jan.

286

292

OQQ

295

OQft

310

9QQ

292

285

293

276

282

OSfi

288

974.

244

271

OOQ

280

260

259

OKA

246

265

266

262

269

250

251

242

260

Feb.

250

242

253

224

1S7

222

220

211

192

200

209

181

199

213

205

208

221

216

211

9fW

212

204

201

206

224

228

250

279

Mar.

281

335

335

205

208

278

509

556

686

794

805

789

785

810

780

738

787

765

772

74.4.

676

603

573

589

536

472

470

482

459

443

463

Apr.

454

451

416

364

352

329

342

343

333

325

299

224

228

225

229

228

232

240

229

220

228

222

222

240

276

271

416

415

391

381

May.

380

392

386

362

368

363

346

332

309

271

262

239

234

227

221

222

211

223

240

218

218

214

207

180

167

180

181

163

149

141

181

June.

193

169

192

162

146

171

171

171

176

178

168

168

175

175

169

176

175

150

105

136

142

157

145

138

141

142

145

139

137

135

July.

129

133

129

126

130

134

136

141

142

143

147

144

142

145

140

148

129

148

160

162

138

143

162

156

157

175

161

182

161

140

130

Aug.

155

145

121

85

122

105

93

Sept.

115

110

108

106

110

128

110

112

114

100

106

124

129

99

102

88

112

70

108

90

70

77

76

69

19

58

72

72

66

68

NOTE. Discharge, Aug. 3-26, estimated at 135 second-feet from study of lake levels of Owasco Lake and 

of rainfall, evaporation, and run-off data; recorder out of commission.
STREAMS TRIBUTARY TO LAKE ONTARIO. 67

Monthly discharge ofOwasco Lake outlet near Auburn, N. Y.,for the year ending Sept.

SO, 1921.

[Drainage area, 206 square miles]

Month.

October.......................................

November.....................................

April..........................................

M&y.. .........................................

July...........................................

Discharge in second-feet.

Maximum.

169 

185 

566 

310 

279 

810 

454 

392 

193 

182

129

810

Minimum.

25 

30 

199 

242 

181 

205 

220 

141 

105 

126

19

19

Mean.

122 

116

421 

275 

217 

572 

304 

251 

158 

146 

131 

92.9

235

Per 

square 

mile.

0.592 

.563 

2.D4 

1.33 

1.05 

2.78 

1.48 

1.22 

.767 

.709 

.636 

.451

1.14

Run-off 

in inches. &

0.68 

.63 

2.35 

1.53 

1.09 

3.20 

1.65 

1.41 

.86 

.82 

.73 

.50

15.45

BLACK RIVER NEAR BOONVILLE, N. T.

LOCATION. At highway bridge 1 mile above mouth of Sugar River, 2 miles northeast 

of Boonville, Oneida County, and 2 miles by river downstream from HawkLnsville.

DRAINAGE AREA. 303 square miles (measured on topographic maps).

RECORDS AVAILABLE. February 16, 1911, to September 30, 1921.

GAGE. Chain near center of left span, downstream side of bridge; staff gage on right 

abutment used for high-water readings; read by W. D. Charbonneau.

DISCHARGE MEASUREMENTS. Made from cable half a mile above gage or by wading.

CHANNEL AND CONTROL. Rough and full of boulders, permanent.

EXTREMES op DISCHARGE. Maximum stage recorded during year, 9.20 feet at 8 a. m. 

December 15 (discharge, 4,410 second-feet); minimum stage recorded, 3.00 feet 

at 5 p. m. September 3 (discharge, 27 second-feet).

1911-1921: Maximum stage (determined by leveling from flood mark) about 

12.5 feet during night of March 28, 1913 (discharge, about 10,000 second-feet); 

minimum, stage recorded, 2.4 feet at 5 p. m. August 26, 1918 (discharge, about 5 

second-feet).

ICE. Stage-discharge relation affected by ice.

REGULATION AND DIVERSION. The State dam at Forestport, about 8 miles upstream, 

provides a reservoir with a capacity of about 2,000,000,000 cubic feet. Water is 

diverted from this reservoir during the navigation season through the Forestport 

feeder, flowing west to a basin in Boonville. The Black River canal flows north 

from this basin and enters Black River at the foot of Lyons Falls. A spillway 

from the basin overflows into Mill Creek, a tributary of Black River. Water 

flowing through these two channels returns to the river below the gaging station, 

thus passing around it. The Black River canal also flows south from Boonville, 

passing out of the Black River drainage and entering the summit level of the 

Erie Canal (or Barge Canal) at Rome.

Occasional discharge measurements have been made at three points to indicate 

the distribution of the diverted water. The water entering Boonville through 

the Forestport feeder has been measured at the highway bridge about 1 mile 

northeast of Boonville. During October, 1915, two water-stage recorders were 

installed on this canal to obtain a continuous record of flow, which is published 

as a separate station "Forestport feeder near Boonville, N. Y." The water flow^
68 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1921, PART IV.

ing north from the basin through the Black Eiver canal has been measured at the 

highway bridge just below the lock into this canal near the railroad station. The 

water flowing south from the basin has been measured at a private farm bridge 

about 1 mile southeast, of Boonville. During September, 1915, two water-stage 

recorders were installed on this canal to obtain a continuous record of the flow, 

which is published as a separate station, "Black River canal (flowing south) 

near Boonville, N, Y."

ACCURACY. Stage-discharge relation practically permanent, except as affected by 

ice during most of January and February. Eating curve well defined between 

35 and 2,800 second-feet and fairly well defined between 2,800 and 4,500 secondfeet. Gage read to hundredths twice daily. Daily discharge ascertained by 

applying mean daily gage height to rating table. Records good, except for periods when the stage-discharge relation was affected by ice, for which they are fair.

Discharge measurements of Black River near Boonville, N. Y., during the year ending

Sept. 30, 1921.

Date.

Feb. 28

May 17

Made by 

Howe and Currier. .......................................................

Gage 

height.

Feet. 

o4.90

4.30

Discharge .

Sec.-ft. 

345

204

o Stage-discharge relation affected by ice.

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Black River near Boonville, N. Y.,for the year ending

Sept. 30, 1921.

Day.

1.... ..........

2..............

3..............

4..............

5..............

6..............

7..............

8..............

g

10..............

11..............

12..............

13..............

14..............

15..............

16..............

17..............

18..............

19..............

20..............

21..............

22..............

23..............

24. .............

25..............

26..............

27..............

28..............

29..............

30..............

31..............

Oct.

535

580

630

735

735

680

630

490

450

305

164

164

184

136

97

68

66

72

78

63

84

97

57

40

37

53

84

97

111

84

72

Nov.

97

136

205

335

490

512

580

535

490

535

580

535

512

450

370

320

370

335

305

335

370

470

450

535

490

490

630

558

630

Dec.

1,940

2,620

2,160

2,500

1,460

1 '680 060

630

630

605

795

920

2,500

4,140

3,360

2,620

1,370

1,460

1,460

920

630

535

580

605

535

512

630

605

535

490

Jan.

630

7OC

Qon

Oon

1,210

1 4fifi

1,060

680

920

QQfV

70 ^

750

700

800

OEA

Qpn

750

700

600

650

750

7 en

700

600

500

460

460

460

440

Feb.

420

420

440

AA(\

400

oon

onn

340

OQfl

320

340

340

380

300

280

260

300

340

340

460

500

460

380

360

VA(\

380

Mar.

795

1 060

oofl

855 70 r

1 060

2 QOft

3,110

2,860

2,620

2,740

2,500

2,740

2,740

2,980

2 QOf\

2,740

2,380

3,360

3,110

2,740

2,740

2,740

3,110

Apr.

2,620

1 740

1 540

1 060

' oon

1 060

1,460

1,540

2,160

2,380

 2,270

2,860

1,940

1,740

1 640

1,140

990

855

735

855

990

1,060

1,140

May.

920

630 c-io

4.on

580

558

410

OOr

QCO

390

580

305

290

320

227

262

205

227

184

184

154

70

36

111

127

227

370

470

370

335

June.

305

97 e

164

127

119

119

111

197

in

184

97

63

250

335

335

250

227

174

127

119

119

104

79

78

78

238

450

535

535

490

July.

coe

535

410

070

oeo

07f\

eoe

335

275

227

1Q4

184

238

410

305

275

250

184

194

145

136

127

127

111

104

97

111

194

.410

490

Aug.

q7n

qqe

QCO

275

262

997

OEA

227

216

145

145

184

174

154

1A4.

127

07

63

63

70

78

59

59

78

70

70

56

70

72

59

40

Sept.

11

44

30

AQ

70

84

70

63

66

61

56

49

61

49

46

42

4fi

78

68

59

70

84

97

90

84

84

70

59

56

51

NOTE. Discharge, Jan. 14 to Feb. 28, determined from gage-heights corrected for ice effect from one 

discharge measurement, study of weather records, and comparison with records of flow at other stations in 

the basin.
STREAMS TRIBUTARY TO LAKE ONTARIO.

Monthly discharge of Black River near Boonville, N. Y., for the year ending Sept. 30,1921. 

[Drainage area, 303 square miles.]

Month.

February. .....................................

March. ........................................

April..........................................

May...........................................

July...........................................

August ........................................

Discharge in second-feet.

Maximum.

735 

630 

4,140 

1,460 

500 

3,360 

2,860 

920 

535 

" 535 

370 

97

4,140

Minimum.

37 

97 

490 

440 

260 

735 

735 

36 

63 

97 

40 

30

30

Mean. :

248 

438 

1,300 

757 

365 

2,390 

1,510 

335 

211 

279 

149 

62.9

675

Per 

square 

mile,

0.818 

1.45 

4.29 

2.50 

1.20 

7.89 

4.98 

1.11 

.696 

.921 

.492 

.208

2.23

Run-off 

in inches.

0.94 

1.62 

4.95 

2.88 

1.25 

9.10 

5.56 

1.28 

.78 

1.06 

.57 

.23

30.22

NOTE. Water diverted past this station by the Forestport feeder is not included in the above table. 

BLACK KIVER AT WATERTOWN, N. Y.

LOCATION. At Vanduzee Street Bridge in Watertown, Jefferson County. No important tributary enters below this point.

DRAINAGE AREA. 1,890 square miles (measured on topographic maps).

RECORDS AVAILABLE. July 18,1920, to September 30, 1921, at present site; March 24, 

1917, to July 17, 1920, at site three-fourths mile below Black River.

GAGE. Vertical staff attached to downstream side of right bridge abutment, and 

inclined staff on right bank about 150 feet below. Gurley 7-day water-stage 

recorder installed September 3, 1921, in concrete shelter on downstream side of 

right bridge abutment. Staff gage read and recorder inspected by employees of 

Black River Regulating District.

DISCHARGE MEASUREMENTS. Made from cable 'just below inclined gage.

CHANNEL ANJJ CONTROL. Channel rocky and rough; control permanent.

EXTREMES OP DISCHARGE. Maximum stage recorded during year, 8.78 feet at 4.30 

p. m. March 11 (discharge, 23,100 second-feet); minimum stage, 0.56 foot from 5 

to 6 a. m. September 6 (discharge, 315 second-feet).

1920-1921: Maximum stage recorded March 11, 1921; minimum stage recorded, 

0.46 foot at 8.40 a. m. September 7, 1920 (discharge, 284 second-feet).

ICE. Stage-discharge relation probably not affected by ice.

REGULATION. Seasonal distribution of flow is regulated by Beaver River flow, Fulton 

Chain Lakes, Forestport reservoir, and other storage reservoirs in the upper part 

of the drainage basin. Some diurnal fluctuation at low stages due to mills and 

power plants above the station.

DIVERSIONS. Water is diverted from Black River into the Forestport feeder at 

Forestport. A part of this water returns to the river through various spillways 

and through the Black River canal (flowing north); the rest passes out of the 

drainage basin through the Black River canal (flowing south); the record at the 

station on Black River canal (flowing south) at Boonville indicates the amount 

of this diversion. See also "Regulation" and "Diversion" in description of 

station on Black River near Boonville.

ACCURACY. Stage-discharge relation probably permanent. Rating curve well defined between 400 and 25,000 second-feet. Daily discharge ascertained by applying mean daily gage height to rating table except for periods of considerable 

fluctuation when discharge was averaged for bi-hourly periods. Records good.
70 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1921, PART IV.

Discharge measurements of Black River at Watertown, N. Y., during the year ending

Sept. SO, 1921.

Date.

Oct. 21

21

Nov. 18

24

24

Dec. 16

16

Jan. 26

Mar. 10

11

Made by 

Covert and Harrington.

.....do..................

.....do..................

.....do..................

S.M. Currier... ........

Gage 

height.

Feet. 

1.57

1.56

2.72

4.80

4.78

6.14

6.17

2.66

7.72

8.38

Discharge.

Sec.-ft. 

1.260

1,260

3,440

8,300

8,150

12,900

12,900

3,170

18,700

21,600

Date.

Apr. 20

20

21

July 12

18

19

22

22

29

Made by 

.....do..................

.....do..................

.....do..................

.....do..................

.....do..................

.....do..................

.....do..................

.....do..................

.....do..................

Gage 

height.

Feet. 

4.48

4.48

4.40

2.07

1.30

1.59

1.40

1.03

1.11

.71

Discharge.

Sec.-ft. 

7.500

7,500

6,880

2,100

1,040

1,340

1,090

669

784

420

o Employee of Black River Regulating District.

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Black River at Watertown, N. Y., for the year ending

Sept. SO, 1921.

Day.

1. .............

2..............

Z. ...... .......

4..............

5..............

6..............

7..............

8..............

9..............

10..............

11..............

12..............

13..............

14..............

15..............

16..............

17..............

18..............

19..............

20..............

21..............

22..............

23..............

24..............

25..............

26..............

27..............

28..............

29.............. 

30..............

31..............

Oct.

2,370

3,790

3,580

2,960

2,000

1,740

2,000

1,660

1,740

1,080

1,210

1,350

1,350

960

1,210

1,210

800

1,210

1,020

1,350

1,140

1,350

1,280

onn

1,280

850

1,350

1 350

1 280 

1,580

QAA

Nov.

1,500

2,460

2,560

4,000

4,220

4,000

2,460

2,370

2,280

9 ISft

2,370

2,370

2,280

2,000

2,090

2,000

2,090

3,580

4,000

3,580

2,760

2,&60

4,890

8 /inn

8,400

7,300

5,820 4. Mn

4,000 

3,580

Dec.

2,960

5,350

7,050

7,800

7,050

10,200

10,200

9,600

8,400

7,550

5,350

4,890

4 660

5,' 820

11,400

19 snn

15,200

13,200

10,500

9,600

6,550

4,890

5, 580

6,800

5,350

4,890

4,000

3,790

3,580 

3,580

3

*7PU\

Jan.

3,160

3,160

5,580

6,060

6,550

7,300

5,580

4,890

4,440

3,580

3,160

3,160

2,460

2,560

2 <w\

2,660

3,370

3,160

2 ARf\

2

KRf\

2,960

1 7Qrt

4,000

4,000

3,370

2,760

2,280

2,180 

2,280

2 -loft

Feb.

2,370

2,000

1,830

2,090

1,830

1,830

2,000

2,280

2,000

2,180

2,180

2,370

2,180

1,830

2,280

2,180

3,790

5,120 4 djin

3 790

3,370

2,960

2,760

2,280

2,180

2,090

2,180

2,370

Mar.

3,160

4,000

5,580

6,300

6,060

5,580

8,100

9,000

14,000

19,600

22,800

21,600

18,800

14,800

13,200

13,600

14,000

14 400

H' 400

15,600

17,200

18,000

20,000

18,400

U onn

14,800

15,200

16,000

15,200 

14,400

19 QAA

Apr.

12,000

11,400

10,500

10,200

9,000

7,800

6,800

5,820

5,120

5,350

5,350

5,350

4,220

3,580

3,580

1 70ft

4,660

6,300

7,300

7,550

7,300

6,300

5,820

5,580

5,350

5,120

4,440

3,790

3,370 

3,160

May.

3,580

4,440

4,890

4,440

4,000

3,370

2,960

2,370

2,180

2,370

2,000

2,000

2,000

1,830

1,580

1,420

1,830

1,580

1,350

1,350

1,210

1,210

850

1,140

1,420

1,500

1,740

1,580

1,350 

1,740

2,760

June.

2,370

2,090

1,660

1,350

1,080

850

1,210

1,080

850

905

750

1,020

1,350

1,660

1,660

1,500

1,210

1,140

905

800

960

905

905

960

800

850

650

1,080

1,210 

1,280

July.

1,580

2,000

1,080

850

1,080

1,080

850

905

800

700

2,560

2,370

3,580

2,560

2,280

3,160

3,790

2,960

2,370*

2,370

2,370

2,560

2,000

1,580

1,210

905

1,140

1,140

1,140 

1,580

1,280

Aug.

1,580

1,420

1,280

1,020

960

905

960

596

960

1,080

1,020

905

850

700

1,140

960

960

1,210

750

1,020

960

905

850

1,140

750

905

905

905

750 

750

850

Sept.

750

850

700

610

514

813

867

1,050

1 020

921

760

876

932

1,190

1,080

854

865

898

964

932

1,300

1,010

1,020

1,170

760

863

1,040

1,140

1,200 

1,140

NOTE. Discharge partly estimated Sept. 11 and 16; Sept. 17 and 18 determined from corrected staff 

gage readings. Records from water-stage recorder Sept. 4-30.
STREAMS TRIBUTARY TO LAKE ONTARIO. 71

'e of Black River at Watertown, N. Y.,for the year ending Sept. 30, 1921. 

[Drainage area, 1,890 square miles. ]

Month.

April..........................................

May...........................................

July...........................................

Discharge in second-feet.

Maximum.

3,790 

8,400 

15,200 

7,300 

5,120 

22,800 

12,000 

4,890 

2,370 

3,790 

1,580 

1,300

22,800

Minimum.

800 

1,500 

2,960 

2,180 

1,830 

3,160 

3,160 

850 

650 

700 

596 

514

514

Mean.

1,540 

3,560 

7,170 

3,590 

2,530 

13,600 

6,200 

2,190 

1,170 

1,800 

966 

936

3,790

Per

square, 

mil*

0.815 

1.88 

3.79 

1.90 

1.34 

7.20 

3.28 

1.16 

.619 

.952 

.511 

.495

2.01

Run-oft 

in inches.

0.94 

2.10 

4.37 

2.19 

1.40 

8.30 

3.66 

1.34 

.69 

1.10 

.59 

.55

27.23

NOTE. See "Regulation" and "Diversions" in station description.

FORESTPORT FEEDER NEAR BOONVILLE, N. Y.

LOCATION. At lower end of feeder, above point where it enters the basin at Boonville, 

Oneida County.

RECORDS AVAILABLE. Occasional discharge measurements 1900 and 1905-1915; 

continuous record October 30, 1915, to September 30, 1921.

GAGES. Two Gurley 7-day water-stage recorders, with natural scale for gage heights. 

Gage No. 1 is at downstream end of left abutment of steel highway bridge in 

village of HawKnsville; gage No. 2 is on left bank, just below a farm bridge about 

a mile above the basin at Boonville; gages are 2.53 miles apart. These gages 

and the two in the Black River canal (flowing south) near Boonville are all set at 

the same datum; recorders inspected by Charles Nugent.

DISCHARGE MEASUREMENTS. Made from the steel highway bridge at gage No. 1 

in HawHnsville.

DETERMINATION OF DISCHARGE. Daily discharge determined by use of Chezy formula. 

The coefficient, "C," computed from each current-meter measurement is plotted 

with reference to date of measurement. A smooth curve drawn through the 

plotted points shows the variation of "C" through the season, and coefficients 

for intervening days are taken off the curve. The other factors in the Chezy 

formula are obtained from gage-height records and cross-section of the canal.

DIVERSIONS. One spillway takes water from the Foreetport feeder just below gage 

No. 2 and a second spillway takes water from the basin in Boonville. Both 

discharge into Mill Creek, which enters Black River below the Boonville gaging 

station. No spillway between gage No. 1 and gage No. 2. Other spillways in 

the feeder above gage No. 1 discharge into Black River above the gage station. 

Therefore, this station indicates the total amount of water diverted past the 

gaging station on Black River near Boonville, and the sum of this record and 

the record for Black River near Boonville indicates the total run-off of the Black 

River basin above these gaging stations.

REGULATION. Flow in the feeder is regulated at the outlet of Forestport reservoir.

ICE. There is usually little flow in the canal during winter. Water was observed 

in the canal several times during winters of 1917-18,1918-19,1919-20, and 1920-21, 

and occasional current-meter measurements of the discharge were made.

ACCURACY. Records good except when either recorder is out of commission. At 

such times estimates of missing gage heights are made from gage height hydrographs or by comparison with gage heights from other recorder. Records for 

such periods, fair.
72 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1921, PART IV.

Discharge measurements of Forestport feeder near Boonville, N. Y., during the year

ending Sept. 30,

Date.

Nov. 16

16 

21 

Feb. 28 

May 16

»

Currier and 

Lauterhahn . 

.....do............

.....do............

.....do............

Gage height 

(feet).

Gage 

No. 1.

2.443

2.443 

2.138

1.735

Gage 

No. 2.

1.284

1.284 

1.250

.670

Discharge (sec.- 

ft.).

175

175 

141 

59.5 

125

Date.

May 29 

June 8 

July 1 

22 

Aug. 24 

Sept. 20

Covert and Au....

.....do............

Otto Lauterhahn . 

A. W. Harrington 

.....do............

Gage height 

(feet).

Gage 

No. 1.

2.555 

2.447 

2.543 

3.060 

3.000 

3.190

Gage 

No. 2.

1.345 

1.113 

1. 515 

1.770 

1.700 

1.920

Discharge (sec.- 

ft.).

206 

195 

182 

236 

212 

224

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Forestport feeder near Boonville, N. Y., /or the year

ending Sept. 30,

Day.

1.......................... ..... ... . . ...

2.......... ...

3.................. .. . ...

4.............................................

5.............................................

6.............................................

7.......................... ............. ...

8.............................................

9................ .. ...... .. . .,.. ..

10.......................... ..................

11............................................ 12.........................;...................

13................................ ....... ...

14.............................................

15 ............................................

16................................ ...........

17.............................................

18................................ ....... ....

19.............................................

20.............................................

21.............................................

22.............................................

23.............................................

24.............................................

25.............................................

26.............................................

27.............................................

28.................................. ..... ....

29.............................................

30.............................................

31.............................................

Oct.

229

189

175

188

188

184

198

210

204

202

191

189

187

189

198

194

187

191

190

183

181

185

196

192

196

208

200

206

231

Nov.

235

243

228

212

210

211

207

205

210

191

184

194

185

182

185

179

206

211

198

188

May.

131

147

169

223

246

253

249

246

247

242

248

262

203

201

163

170

June.

216

211

195

218

209

200

200

200

197

198

198

194

213

222

235

229

230

221

180

175

174

176

189

210

225

192

192

194

196

207

July.

177

174

184

182

200

196

219

213

181

181

207

218

217

222

258

261

246

237

259

244

232

232

230

229

228

232

246

236

224

246

258

Aug.

220

225

222

221

223

222

219

221

221

217

225

233

220

219

217

. 214

213

214

216

217

210

207

211

220

220

207

209

215

207

206

206

Sept.

220

228

228

221

232

229

220

208

208

208

217

219

213

210

208

212

211

214

223

223

219

215

222

221

225

205

200

198

198

200

NOTE. Discharge estimated Oct. 1-2, 26-30, Nov. 9-11, 13-16, May 26-28, June 2-8; 16-18, July 10, and 

29-30 from comparative gage-height graphs, study of recorder graphs, and comparison with record of 

Black River canal; recorder graph incomplete.

Monthly discharge, in second-feet, of Forestport feeder near Boonville, N. Y., for the year

ending Sept. SO, 1921.

Month.

May 16-31.......................... ................................

July................................................................

Maximum.

236

243

262

235

261

233

232

Minimum.

175

179

131

174

174

206

198

Mean.

196

203

212

203

222

217

215
STREAMS TRIBUTARY TO LAKE ONTARIO. 73

BLACK RIVER CANAL (FLOWING SOUTH) NEAR BOONVILLE, N. Y.

LOCATION. At summit level of Black River canal, near Boonville, Oneida County.

RECORDS AVAILABLE. Occasional discharge measurements 1900 and 1905-1915; 

continuous record September 16, 1915, to September 30, 1921.

GAGES. Two Gurley 7-day water-stage recorders, 1.81 miles apart, with natural scale 

for gage heights. Gage No. 1 is on right bank (opposite tow-path) about 50 feet 

downstream from collector's office in Boonville; gage No. 2 is on right bank 

(opposite tow-path) about 300 yards above Lock 70 and 50 yards above spillway 

from the canal into Lansing Kill. These gages and the two gages in the Forestport 

feeder near Boonville are set to the same datum. Recorders inspected by Fred 

Kesauer.

DISCHARGE MEASUREMENTS. Made from the steel and concrete highway bridge in 

the village of Boonville, a short distance below gage No. 1.

DETERMINATION OF DISCHARGE. Daily discharge determined by use of Chezy formula. The coefficient "C" computed from each current-meter measurement is 

plotted with reference to date of measurement. A smooth curve drawn through 

the plotted points show the variation of "C'' through the season, and the coefficient for each day is taken off the curve. The other factors in the Chezy 

formula are obtained from gage-height records and cross-section of canal.

DIVERSIONS. No diversions between gage No. 1 and gage No. 2. Records obtained 

at this station indicate the quantity of water diverted for the canal from the Black 

River basin into the Mohawk River basin.

REGULATION. Flow in canal is regulated by operation of spillway and sluice gates 

at Lock 70 and also by discharge of Forestport feeder into the basin at Boonville.

ICE. No flow in canal during winter.

ACCURACY. Records good except when either recorder is out of commission. At such 

times estimates of missing gage-heights are made from gage-height graph or by 

comparison with gage-height graph from other recorder. Records for such periods, 

fair.

Discharge measurements of Black River canal (flowing south) near Boonville, N. Y. 

during the year ending Sept. 30, 1921.

Date.

Oct. 21

Nov. 15

Nov. 16

21

May 16

Made by.

V . B . Lamoureux

Currier and Laut-

.....do............

.....do............

S. M. Currier. ....

Gage height

(feet).

Gage

No. 1.

1.442

.697

.896

1.291

.335

Gage

No. 2.

1.150

.531

.652

1.032

.110

Discharge 

(see.-

ft.).

157

Oft ^

125

130

111

Date.

May 29

June 9

July 1

22

Sept. 20

Made by.

Covert and Au.. .

C.C. Covert......

.....do............

Gage height

(feet).

Gage

No. 1.

0.995

1.055

1.318

1.378

1.190

1.510

Gage

No. 2.

0.835

.828

1.061

.884

.570

1.000

Discharge

(sec.-

ft.).

137

141

148

179

150

169
74 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1921, PART IV.

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Black River canal (flowing south') near Boonville, N. Y., 

for the year ending Sept. SO, 1921.

Day.

1.... ........................................

2. ...........................................

3............................................

4. ...........................................

5............................................

6. ...........................................

7... .........................................

8. ...........................................

9............................................

10............................................

11............................................

12............................................

13. ...........................................

14............................................

15. ...........................................

16............................................

17............................................

18............................................

19. ...........................................

20............................................

21. ...........................................

22............................................

23. ...........................................

24............................................

25............................................

26............................................

27............................................

28. ...........................................

29............................................

30............................................

31............................................

Oct.

140

130

124

133

126

126

143

160

158

144

142

144

142

139

137

139

141

134

130

134

149

150

155

166

1fif>

169

185

130

160

129

133

Nov.

149

176

151

135

144

161

154

153

147

158

155

141

127

123

125

130

144

143

137

137

May.

107

114

89

93

100

110

108

108

115

116

100

138

125

126

136

151

June.

130

155

138

160

156

133

161

139

139

139

138

131

150

157

157

162

166

157

128

122

120

120

139

153

171

150

149

152

145

161

July.

146

140

141

141

159

183

160

173

158

149

156

168

167

163

168

173

171

175

180

175

175

173

171

169

173

170

177

170

172

175

177

Aug.

163

162

161

160

168

165

158

164

156

160

162

159

148

156

156

155

157

157

156

156

151

154

154

158

159

154

147

143

142

144

145

Sept.

148

151

155

149

156

154

160

156

150

152

161

159

157

153

153

156

161

157

162

167

164

163

169

168

164

162

167

161

157

15S

NOTE. Discharge estimated Oct. 9-21. Nov. 9,10,13-16,19, and 20, by comparison of gage-height graphs 

for gages Nos. 1 and 2, in connection with gage No. 2, Forestport feeder, and from study of recorder graphs; 

recorder graph incomplete.

Monthly discharge, in second-feet, of Black River canal (flowing south') near Boonville, 

N. Y., for the year ending Sept. SO, 1921.

Month.

November 1-20.. ...................................................

May 16-31........................................... ................

July................................................................

August.............................................................

Maximum.

185

176

151

171

183

168

169

Minimum.

124

123

89

120

140

142

148

Mean.

144

144

115

146

166

156

158

MOOSE RIVER AT MOOSE RIVER, N. 7.

LOCATION. In village of Moose River, Lewis County, 3 milea downstream from

McKeever, 5 miles below mouth of South Branch of Moose River and 13 milea

above junction of Black and Moose rivers at Lyons Falls. 

DRAINAGE AREA. 370 square miles (measured on topographic maps). 

RECORDS AVAILABLE. June 5, 1900, to September 30, 1921. 

GAGE. Staff in two sections on left bank a short distance above cable; read by W. D.

Rinkle. Gage datum was lowered 0.17 foot February 28, 1903, and again 5.00

feet on January 1, 1913.

DISCHARGE MEASUREMENTS. Made from a cable a short distance below gage. 

CHANNEL AND CONTROL. Cobblestones and boulders; fairly permanent. Current

smooth; depth comparatively uniform. Ice and logs occasionally jam above the

station on a small island.
STREAMS TRIBUTARY TO LAKE ONTARIO. 75

EXTREMES OP DISCHARGE. Maximum stage recorded during year, 12.59 feet at 9.15 

a. m. March 22 (discharge, 6*290 second-feet); minimum stage recorded, 5.05 feet 

at 5.15 a. m. June 19 and 9.30 a. m. August 10 (discharge, 58 second-feet).

1900-1921: Maximum stage recorded, 16.3 feet during the afternoon of March 

27,1913, determined by levelling from flood marks (discharge, about 16,500 secondfeet); minimum stage recorded, 4.94 feet July 21, 23, 25, 26, and 27, 1913 (discharge, about 42 second-feet). '

ICE. Stage-discharge relation affected by ice.

REGULATION. A timber dam at McKeever, 3 miles upstream, is Used for power and 

for the regulation of flow during log driving. Seasonal distribution of flow affected 

by operation of the State dam at Old Forge. This regulation is indicated by a 

record from station "Middle Branch of Moose River at Old Forge."

ACCURACY. Stage-discharge relation practically* permanent, except as affected by 

ice. Rating curve well defined between 100 and 5,500 second-feet. Gage read 

to half-tenths once daily; occasionally twice daily. Daily discharge ascertained 

by applying mean daily gage height to rating table. Records good except for low 

stages when mean of two daily readings of gage may not indicate the correct mean 

gage height owing to fluctuations in stage.

Discharge measurements of Moose River at Moose River, N. Y., during the year ending

Sept. 30, 1921.

Date.

Oct. 13

13 Jan. 29

Feb. 27

Made by 

.....do..................

S.M. Currier... ........

Gage 

height.

Feet. 

6 25

6.20

o6.75

o5.82

Discharge.

Sec.-ft. 

340

341

487

135

Date.

Mar. 11

11

24

Apr. 19

May 17

Made by 

S.M. Currier...........

.....do..................

.....do..................

Gage 

height.

Feet. 

10.58

10.46

10.00

8.54

5.98

Discharge.

Sec.-ft. 

3,950

3,810

2,830

1,500

286

a Stage-ydischarge relation affected by ice.

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Moose River at Moose River, N. Y.,for the year ending

Sept. 30, 1921.

Day.

1..............

2..............

3..............

4..............

5... ...........

6..............

7..............

8..............

9..............

10..............

11..............

12..............

13..............

14..............

15..............

16..............

17..............

18..............

19..............

20..............

21..............

22..............

23..............

24..............

25..............

26..............

27..............

28..............

29..............

30..............

31..............

Oct.

670

1,140

760

289

580

422

404

230

202

164

336

230

352

304

230

352

117

259

114

176

289

289

304

289

320

202

202

336

352

352

101

Nov.

336

450

580

810

760

1,200

131

760

580

580

965

910

670

216

625

460

670

441

422

460

151

460

580

860

760

670

670

189

422

Dec.

422

1,910

2,090

2,000

1,670

2,660

2,270

1 TOft

1,080

1,200

1,080

274

625

1 140

5^320

2,960

2,090

1,590

1,320

1,140

1 140

1*020

1,020

1,140

760

1,020

965

1,080

1,020

1,200 Qin

Jan.

1,020

540

1,750

1,380

1,200

1,020

910

965

126

460

760

860

700

700

750

160

950

800

600

550

480

420

150

600

440

800

600

500

480

100

480

Feb.

360

360

400

380

420

85

360

400

500

420

440

420

280

480

380

340

320

420

460

380

360

500

500

460

420

400

.130

650

Mar.

650

650

800

700

800

600

850

1,590

4,230

5,630

3,280

2,760

2,660

2,860

2,460

3,740

3,500

2,960

2,460

3,500

6,130

5,960

3,280

2,860

3,740

5,030

3,620

3,860

3,170

2,560

2 fififi

Apr.

2,760

2.660

2,090

1,910

1,450

1,590

1,750

1,520

1,320

1,380

1,320

760

860

810

760

1,320

2,460

2,860

2,090

1,450

1,200

965

860

860

965

965

715

670

625

580

May.

1,590

1,260

625

1,260

860

670

670

230

580

580

404

386

386

386

304

422

289

289

289

259

Ofu

93

460

259

289

202

460

289

126

280

441

June.

386

404

320

259

83

259

151

244

83

202

230

202

352

386

350

320

259

289

83

259

320

304

289

289

274

114

422

91

422

460

July.

422

404

114

126

404

87

74

164

715

1,020

1,200

1,450

1,200

1,200

1,450

1,450

1,020

760

580

422

580

625

404

189

320

304

289

289

138

289

422

Aug..

540

79

131

422

83

126

151

259

244

58

79

320

202

230

352

25fr

336

202

103

540

292

230

190

151

146

103

100

108

114

114

120

Sept.

151

189

164

114

304

369

441

352

336

336

289

320

320

336

336

320

.320

336

441

422

369

336

460

386

422

404

460

441

386

230

NOTE. Discharge, Jan. 13 to Mar. 7. determined from gage-heights corrected for ice effect from two 

discharge measurements, study of weather records, and comparison with records of flow of Black River 

near Boonville. Discharge estimated Nov. 2, Dec. 4, Apr. 14,21,29, May 30, June 15, July 11, Aug. 23,27, 

and 31; no gage-height record.
76 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1921, PART IV.

Monthly discharge of Moose River at Moose River, N. Y., for the year ending Sept. 30,1921.

[Drainage area, 370 square miles.]

Month.

February. .....................................

April..........................................

May...........................................

July...........................................

September. ....................................

Discharge in second-feet.

ifaximum.

1,140 

1.200 

5,320 

1,750 

660 

6,130 

2,860 

1,590 

460 

1,450 

540 

460

6,130

Minimum.

101 

131

274 

100 

85 

600 

580 

93 

83 

74 

58 

114

58

Mean.

334

573 

1,470 

686 

394 

2,890 

1,380 

482 

270 

584 

203 

336

806

Per

square 

mile.

0.903 

1.55 

3.97 

1.85 

1.06 

7.81 

3.73 

1.30 

.730 

1.58 

.549 

.908

2.18

Run-off 

in inches.

1.04 

1.73 

4.58 

2.13 

1.10 

9.00 

4.16 

1.50 

.81 

1.82 

.63 

1.01

29.51

MIDDLE BRANCH OF MOOSE RIVER AT OLD FORGE, N. Y.

LOCATION. 300 feet below highway bridge and 400 feet below State dam at Old Forge,

Herkimer County.

DRAINAGE AREA. 51.5 square miles (measured on topographic maps). 

RECORDS AVAILABLE. November 9, 1911, to September 30, 1921. 

GAGE . Vertical staff on left bank 300 feet below highway bridge; read by Jacob Edick

and A. F. Bisley.

 DISCHARGE MEASUREMENTS. Made from highway bridge or by wading. 

CHANNEL AND CONTROL. Bed near gage composed of stone and gravel. Control is

rock ledge about 200 feet below gage; practically permanent. 

EXTREMES OF DISCHARGE^. Maximum stage recorded during year, 5.10 feet morning

and afternoon March 23 (discharge, 862 second-feet); minimum stage recorded,

0.90 foot at 5 p. m. November 9 and 8 a. m. November 10 and 12 (discharge, 21

second-feet).

1911-1921: Maximum discharge recorded, that of March 23, 1921; minimum

discharge, 16 second-feet October 18 to November 3, 1919. 

ICE. Stage-discharge relation not affected by ice. 

REGULATION. Flow controlled by gates at dam. 

ACCURACY. Stage-discharge relation practically permanent except as affected by

backwater. Rating curve well denned from 20 to 400 second-feet. Gage read to

hundredths twice daily. Daily discharge ascertained by applying to rating table

mean daily gage height weighted on days of changing gates from records of gate 

. opening at dam. Records good, except those computed from gate openings at the

dam and when backwater is present, which are fair.

Discharge measurements of Middle Branch of Moose River at Old Forge, N. Y., during

the year ending Sept. 30, 1921.

Date.

Oct. 12 

12

Nov. 17

17

Made by 

Currier and Lamoureux 

.....do.................

.....do.................

Gage 

height.

Fed. 

1.96

1 Qfi

1.16

1.16

Discharge.

Sec.-ft. 

120 

121

37.6

36.8

Date.

Jan. 28 

May 18

18

Sept. 2

Made by 

Harrington and Currier.

.....do.................

Gage 

height.

Fed. 

1.47 

1.29

1.29

1.13

Discharge.

Sec.-ft. 

64.7 

44.0

44.8

34.5
STREAMS TBIBTJTASY TO LAKE ONTAEIO. 77

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Middle Branch of Moose River of Old Forge, N. Y.,fqr 

the year ending Sept. .30, 1921,

Day.

*

1..............

3..............

4..............

6..............

7..............

8..............

9..............

10..............

11..............

12..............

13..............

14..............

15..............

16..............

17..............

18..............

19..............

20..............

21..............

22..............

23..............

24..............

oe

26..............

27..............

28..............

29..............

30..............

31..............

Oct.

98

4.9

39

42

26

31

26

46

25

110

116

123

116

123

116

116

110

116

110

110

110

110

110

110

Ofl

53

50

53

54

43

36

Nov.

34

86

46

41

32

25

26

25

22

22

22

99

22

36

39

35

36

37

38

36

38

38

35

34

33

OQ

00

32

32

32

Dec.

32

34

35

38

40

48

49

50

49

48

47

46

45

46

55

75

136

110

104

110

136

104

116

104

116

116

116

116

110

Jan.

110

110

110

110

110

110

110

92

80

80

92

92

92

Q9

75

64

65

65

63

63

65

65

65

65

65

65

63

63

63

62

50

Feb.

40

39

39

39

39

70

110

110

110

110

110

110

110

HO

104

104

104

98

98

QH

104

104

110

110

104

110

110

110

Mar.

104

104

116

123

UQ

123

123

123

158

136

223

280

270

270

280

290

311

355

355

378

477

702

862

829

796

764

733

702

672

613

Apr.

557

530

530

477

451

311

280

270

270

173

70

70

75

70

70

70

75

80

86

QQ

86

86

75

75

75

75

75

75

70fin

May.

70

75

75

75

75

75

75

75

61

43

46

1 45

43

AT)

41

42

46

45

44

43

43

45

47

42

45

46

48

46

44

45

M.

June.

46

46

47

46

AR

43

45

43

42

45

51

46

50

48

50

49

45

46

46

45

46

47

47

46

46

47

45

45

52

50

July.

46

46

45

45 J

W

43

43

44

46

46

49

47

47

46

47

50

45

48

46

47

52

50

48

47

48

44

46

its

4R

47

4?

Aug.

47

48

46

46

4$

44

44

43

42

41

39

39

39

39

40

39

39

39

39

39

39

39

39

38

38

39

38

ss

38

87

35

Sept.

34

su.

98

197

197

189

189

181

181

181

181

181

181

181

173

173

173

173

173

173

173

165

165

165

165

165

165

106

158

158

NOTE. Discharge, May 9 to Aug. 31, determined by indirect method on account of backwater, on basis of 

two discharge measurements.

Monthly discharge of Middle Branch of Moose River at Old Forge, N. Y.,for the year ending

Sept. 30, 1921.

[Drainage area, 51.5 square miles.]

Month.

April..........................................

May...........................................

July................ . . ...... . .

The year ... . . . .

Discharge in second-feet,

Maximum.

123 

46 

136 

110 

110 

862 

557 

75 

52 

52 

48 

197

862

Minimum.

25 

22 

32 

50 

39 

104 

70 

41 

42 

43 

35 

34

22

Mean.

79.2 

32.4 

79.9 

79.9 

93.4 

386 

180 

52.7 

46.5 

46.6 

40.5 

163

107

Per 

square 

mile.

1.54 

.629 

1.55 

1.55 

1.81 

7.50 

3.50 

1.02 

.903 

.905 

.786 

3.17

2.08

Run-off in 

inches.

1.78 

.70 

1.79 

1.79 

1.88 

8.65 

3.90 

1.19 

1.01 

1.04 

,91 

3-64

2848

BEAVER RIVER AT STATE DAM, NEAR. BEAVER RIVER, H. Y.

LOCATION. At concrete storage dam at outlet of Beaver River flow, 7$ miles west 

of Beaver River post office, HerMmer County, and 7 miles above Beaver Lake 

at Number Four.

DRAINAGE AREA. 176 square miles (measured on topographic maps).

BECORDS AVAiLABLE,-r-May 11, 1908, to September 30,1921. 

34897 23 WSP 524 6
78 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1921, PART IV.

GAGES. Elevation of water surface in the reservoir is determined by a staff gage in 

two sections, on the west corne* of the gate house; read by James Dunbar, gate 

tender. The mean elevation of the crest of the spillway is at gage height 16.96 

feet. Width of sluice gate openings determined by measuring on the gate stems 

the distance they have Keen raised.

DISCHARGE MEASUREMENTS. Current-meter measurements made from a temporary 

foot bridge at the mouth of the outlet tunnel, below the gates. Discharge over 

the spillway has not been measured.

DETERMINATION OP DISCHARGE. Records include the discharge through one or more 

of four 4-foot circular sluice gates, when opened, the discharge over the spillway, 

and the, discharge through the logway at the west end of the spillway. The 

sluice gates have been^rated by current-meter measurements made at different 

lake elevations, but no measurements have been made of the discharge over the 

spillway or through the logway. Theoretic coefficients based on the Cornell 

experiments l have been used to compute ratings for the spillway and logway.

REGULATION. At ordinary stages the discharge of Beaver River is completely regulated by the operation of the sluice gates.

EXTREMES OP STAGE. Maximum elevation of water surface in reservoir recorded 

during year, 19.0 feet at 8.40 a. m. March 21 and 7 a. m. March 22; minimum 

elevation recorded, 6.5 feet at 10 a. m. September 30.

1908-1921: Maximum elevation of water surface in reservoir, 19.46 feet March 

29, 1913; minimum elevation, 2.9 feet September 29 and October 1, 1913.

EXTREMES OP DISCHARGE. Maximum daily discharge during year, 2,600 second-feet 

March 22; minimum discharge, zero on October 4, when gates were closed.

1908-1921: Maximum discharge, 3,296 second-feet on May 2, 1911; minimum 

discharge, fcero, during periods when gates were closed and there was no flow 

over spillway.

ACCURACY. Stage-discharge relation permanent; probably not affected by ice. 

Rating curves for sluice gates well defined. Lake gage read to half-tenths once 

daily. Accuracy of computations depends to a large extent on the care with 

which the gates were set to the recorded openings. Records fair.

No discharge measurements were made at this station during the year.

Monthly discharge of Beaver River at Shite dam, near Beaver River, N. Y.,for the year

ending Sept. SO, 1921.

[Drainage area, 176 square miles.]

Month.

November .....................................

January. .

February. .....................................

April..........................................

M£y.. .........................................

July...........................................

September. ....................................

Discharge in second-feet.

Maximum.

385 

314 

874 

330 

340 

2,600 

1,540 

320 

295 

378 

320 

293

2,600

Minimum.

0 

137 

86 

99 

316 

316 

143 

178 

44 

7 

156 

175

0

Mean.

263 

170 

412 

210 

324 

1,330 

511 

214 

179 

143 

259 

231

355

Per 

square 

mile.

1.49 

.966 

2.34 

1.19 

1.84 

7.56 

2.90 

1.22 

1.02 

.812 

1.47 

1.31

2.02

Run-off-in 

inches.

1.72 

1.08 

2.70 

1.37 

1.92 

8.72 

3 24 

1.41 

1.14 

.94 

1.70 

1.46

27.40

NOTE. The above figures do not necessarily represent the natural flow of thfi river on account of regulation at the dam.

i U. S. Geol. Survey Water-Supply Paper 200.
STREAMS TRIBUTARY TO LAKE ONTARIO. 79

BEAVER RIVER AT EAGLE FALLS, NEAR NUMBER FOUR, N. Y.

LOCATION. Just below Eagle Falls plant of Beaver River Power Corporation, 2£

miles from Beaver Lake, 4 miles north of Number Four, Lewis County, and 9

miles below State dam at outlet of Beaver River Flow. 

DRAINAGE AREA. 230 square miles (measured on topographic maps). 

RECORDS AVAILABLE. August 21 to September 30, 1921. 

GAGE. Vertical staff on left bank about 500 feet below power house; read by A. V.

Buckingham, employee of Beaver River Power Corporation. 

DISCHARGE MEASUREMENTS. Made from a cable over tailrace and river channel,

about 300 feet above gage or by wading. 

CHANNEL AND CONTROL. Bed of channel consists of boulders and large broken rocks.

Control is at the head of rapids about 50 feet below gage; probably permanent. 

EXTREMES OP DISCHARGE. Maximum stage recorded during period, August 21 to

September 30, 1921, 2.45 feet at 8 a. m. August 22 (discharge, 390 second-feet);

minimum stage recorded, 0.90 foot at 6 a. m. September 18 and 8 a. m. and 5 p. m.

September 25 (discharge, 46 second-feet). 

ICE. Stage-discharge relation probably not affected by ice. 

REGULATION. Seasonal flow is regulated by storage in Beaver River Flow 9 miles

above. Diurnal flow regulated at dam at foot of Beaver Lake according to needs

of power plant. Some regulation in other ponds and lakes in drainage area. 

'ACCURACY. Stage-discharge relation probably permanent. Rating curve fairly well

defined between 10 and 3,500 second-feet. Gage read to half-tenths twice daily.

Daily discharge ascertained by applying mean daily gage height to rating table;

Records fair.

No discharge measurements were made during the period.

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Beaver River at Eagle Falls, near Number Four, N. Y. > 

for the year ending Sept. SO, 1921.

Day.

1. .............

2..............

3..............

4..............

5..............

6..............

7..............

8..............

9..............

10..............

Aug. Sept

315

330

330

330

345

345

315

315

315

285

Day.

11..............

12..............

13..............

14..............

15..............

16..............

17..............

18..............

19..............

20..............

Aug.

.

Sept.

285

93

315

315

Day.

21..............

22..............

23..............

24..............

25..............

26..............

27..............

28..............

29..............

30..............

31

Aug.

330

375

360

345

330

345

OQA

*345

345

345

285

Sept.

285

235

235

210

48

260

235

235

235

138

NOTE. Discharge, Sept. 11-16, estimated at 260 second-feet from comparison with records of West 

Branch of Oswegatchie River near Harrisville and of Beaver River near Beaver River, with allowance 

lot storage; no gage-height record.
80 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1921, PART IV.

Monthly discharge of Beaver River at Eagle Falls, near Number Four, N. Y. t for the 

period, Aug. 21 to Sept. 30,

[Drainage area, 230 square miles.]

Month. _ i

August 21-31 ..................................

Discharge in second-feet.

Maximum.

375 

345

Minimum.

285

48

Mean.

340 

263

Per

square 

mile1.48 

1.14

Run-off 

in inches.

0.61 

1.27

NOTE. The monthly discharge in second-feet per square mfle and run-off in inches shown by the table 

do not necessarily represent the natural flow from the basin because of storage, mainly in Stillwater 

reservoir and Beaver Lake.

STBEAMS TBIBTJTABY TO ST. LAWBENCE BIVEB. 

EAST BRANCH OF OSWEGATCHIE KIVEK AT WEWTOW FALLS, W. Y.

LOCATION. 600 feet below lower dam of Newton Falls Paper Co., in Newton Falls,

St. Lawrence County, 4 miles above mouth of Little River, and 10 miles below

outlet of Cranberry Lake. 

DRAINAGE ABEA. 166 square miles (measured by engineers of New York Coneerva^

tion Commission). , 

EBCOBDS AVAILABLE. October 6, 19l2, to September 30, 1921. 

GAGE. Vertical staff on left bank 600 feet below lower dam; read by Henry Van

Waldick. Datum lowered 1.0 foot on July 28, 1920. 

DISCHARGE MEASUBEMENTS. Made by wading or from cable 30 feet upstream from

CHANNEL AND CONTBOL. Small boulders and rock, covered with waste from pulp

mill; practically permanent. 

EXTBEMES OF DISCHARGE! Maximum stage recorded during year, 6.70 feet at 7.30

a. m. and 5.30 p. m. March 24 and 5.25 p. m. March 25 (discharge, 1,930 second-feet);

minimum stage reached nearly every Sunday during low-water period when

paper mills shut down. 

1912-1921: Maximum stage recorded, 6.1 feet at 5.15 p. m,, March 28, 1913

(discharge, 2,200 second-feet). 

ICE . ^Stage-discharge relation affected by ice only for a short time during extremely

cold weather. 

REGULATION. Some diurnal fluctuation in flow caused by operation of paper mills.

Seasonal flow largely controlled by storage at Cranberry Lake. 

ACCURACY. Stage-discharge relation practically permanent; not affected by ice

during year. Rating curve well defined between 20 and 1,200 second-feet.

Gage read to hundredths twice daily. Daily discharge ascertained by applying

mean daily gage height to the rating table. Records only fair as mean daily gage

heights are obtained from only two readings a day and may be considerably in

error on account of regulation.

No discharge measurements were made at this station during the year. 
STEEAMS TRIBUTARY TO ST. LAWRENCE RIVER. 81

Daily discharge, in seeond-feet, of Bast &roneh of Oswegatchie River at Newton Falls, 

N. Y., for the year ending Sept. 30, mi.

Day.

1..............

2..............

3..............

4..............

5..............

6..............

7..............

8..............

9..............

10..............

11..............

12..............

13..............

14..............

15..............

16..............

17..............

18..............

19..............

20..............

21..............

22..............

23..............

24..............

25..............

26..............

27..............

28..............

29..............

30..............

31..............

Oct.

363

<*fi3

315

326

338

293

293

338

363

282

214

363

252

304

3fM

338

143

252

272

272

293

326

165

0

205

338

232

205

242

205

14Q

Nov.

205

272

205

252

252

272

198

205

272

232

232

242

232

0

242

165

282

252

242

282

293

262

282

214

252

293

70

315

242

Dec.

282

293

252

272

70

214

445

3Q4

293

293

198

129

149

191

430

430

416

252

102

242

§72

242

252

242

165

165

232

14Q

143

143

158

Jan.

242

149

223

262

252

282

252

205

191

205

214

214

214

191

214

158

232

223

430

304

338

.376

252

293

191

198

338

214

143

158

iion

,Feb.

326

430

304

326

315

315

315

326

315

315

338

272

338

363

326

338

350

326

165

338

242

149

143

149

165

143

376

Mar.

363

326

363

363

338

338

389

389

658

588

416

338

293

315

389

326

894

982

1,270

1,270

1.500

1,270

1,170

1,930

1.860

1,860

1,740

1,680

1,620

1,620

1,500

Apr.

1,600

1,330

1,270

1.270

1,120

894

571

460

538

416

430

490

475

445

490

506

430

363

304

460

475

445

506

350

350

315

?05

430

272

326

May.

198

389

326

475

430

363

326

232

315

205

282

363

242

242

149

198

262

293

326

282

272

191

174

293

282

272

272

232

252

214

223

June.

293

198

214

232

214

174

252

232

252

242

242

205

205

232

272

252

232

262

181

198

232

198

232

262

262

143

242

262

242 -242

July.

200

214

252

223

200

282

252

242

262

108

191

150

232

232

272

293

262

272

272

282

304

416

293

242

282

223

272

242

293

242

338

Aug

315

293

282

376

293

272

338

262

338

838

293

272

293

293

282

282

272

293

214

200

200

242

282

242

272

242

252

205

252

223

272

Sept.

272

262

262

262

293

252

242

262

232

232

205

272

262

223 22a

242

200

200

376

252

272

272

252

262

205

350

200

191

150

183

NOTE. Discharge Oct. 24 and Nov. 14 uncertain on account of insufficient gage-height data.

Monthly discharge of East Branch of Oswegatchie River at Newton Falls, N. T.,for the

year ending Sept. 30, 1921.

[Drainage area, 166 square miles.]

Month.

December.....................................

February......................................

March................ ............... ........

April..........................................

Motr

June...........................................

July...........................................

August........................................

The year. ............... _ .............

Discharge in second-feet.

Maximum.

363 

315 

445 

490 

430 

1,930 

1,500 

475 

293 

416 

376 

376

1,930

Minimum.

0 

0 

70 

143 

143 

293 

205 

149 

143 

108 

200 

150.

0

Mean.

269 

231 

239 

247 

290 

915 

581 

277 

230 

253 

274 

245

338

Per 

square 

mile.

1.62 

1.39 

1.44 

1.49 

1.75 

5.51 

3.50 

1.67 

1.39 

1.52 

1.65 

1.48

2.04

Run-off 

in inches.

V87 

1.55 

1.66 

1.72 

1.82 

6.35 

3.90 

1.92 

1.55 

1.75 

1.90 

1.65

27.64

NOTE. Table shows run-off as regulated at Cranberry Lake and by paper mills at Newton Falls. 

OSWEGATCHEE RIVER NEAR HEUVELTON, N. Y.

LOCATION. 2J miles above Heuvelton, St. Lawrence County, 3 miles below Rensselaer Falls, and 7 miles above mouth of Indian River (outlet to Black Lake). 

t>RAiNAGE AREA. 961 square miles (measured on topographic,maps). 

RECORDS AVAILABLE. June 23, 1916, to September 30, 1921.
82 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1921, PAET IV.

GAGE. Gurley 7-day graph water-stage recorder on the right bank, installed September 16, 1916. Prior to this date gage-height was determined by measuring the 

distance from a reference point to the water surface. Recorder inspected by 

George Todd.

DISCHARGE MEASUREMENTS. Made from cable 50 feet below gage or by wading.

CHANNEL AND CONTROL. Solid rock.

EXTREMES OP DISCHARGE. Maximum stage during the year from water-stage recorder, 6.80 feet a$ 6 p. m. December 16 (discharge, 9,700 second-feet); minimum stage from water-stage recorder, 0.81 foot, 2 to 4 a. m. September 30 (discharge, 274 second-feet).

1916-1921: Maximum stage from water-stage recorder, 7.6 feet from 9 to 12 a. m. 

March 30, 1917 (discharge, 11,700 second-feet); minimum stage from water-stage 

recorder occurred September 30, 1921.

ICE. Stage-discharge relation slightly affected by ice. .

REGULATION. Some diurnal fluctuation due to operation of milk at Rensselaer Falls 

and above. Seasonal flow regulated by storage in Cranberry Lake.

ACCURACY. Stage-discharge relation permanent except as affected by ice in December and January. Rating curve well defined between 400 and 15,000 second-feet. 

Operation of water-stage recorder fairly satisfactory during the year. Daily 

discharge ascertained by applying to rating table mean daily gage height determined by inspection of recorder graph, or for days cf considerable variation in 

stage, by averaging discharge for intervals of the«day. Open-water records good; 

winter records fair.

The following discharge measurement was made by S. M. Currier: 

January 24, 1921: Gage-height, 2.38 feet; discharge, 1,710 second-feet.

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Oswegatchie River near Heuvelton, N. Y.,for the year

ending Sept. 30, 1921.

Day.

1..............

2..............

3..............

4..............

5..............

6..............

7..............

8..............

9..............

10..............

11..............

12..............

13..............

U..'.. ..........

15..............

16..............

17..............

18..............

19..............

20..............

21..............

22..............

23..............

24..............

25..............

26..............

27..............

28..............

29..............

30..............

31..............

Oct.

1,040

1,780

1,980

1,840

1,590

1,400

1,220

1,030

noc

872

791

710

678

630

622

654

638

615

622

622

555

492

452

452

478

478

555

630

Nov.

630

710

938

1,530

1,630

1 430

l',260

1,000

918

976

1,010

985

QAQ

818

755

773

909

1,340

1,430

1,320

1,280

1,340

2,180

2,530

2,320

2,180

Dec.

1,580

i osfi

2,750

2,820

3

1 qfl

a. 7<in

5

AQf\

5,480

5,100

4,120

3,370

3,050

2,600

3

Af\(\

7 fiftfl

9,700

9,220

7,680

6,250

4,830

3,370

3,200

3,200

3,600

3

QAA

3 fif\f\

3,400

3 nnn

2,800

2,400

2,200

Jan.

1,900

2

CAA

4,000

i snn

3,400

2,600

2 000

1,'700

1,500

1,300

1,200

1,100

1,000

1,000

1,000

950

900

Qflfi

850

i pyift

1,700

1,600

1 400

1,300

1 140

1*010

985

047

938

Feb.

854

Q97

827

701

782

ftfift

809

836

836

007

818

782

7fi4

916

2,720

3,290

2,390

1,480

1,240

1 9AO

1,240

1,220

1,120

1,020

966

QEfi

Mar.

1,380

2

AAA

3,780

3,870

3

*>7ft

2,980

3

ROA

4,210

5,480

6,650

8,540

9,220

8,100

6,650

5,100

4,470

i wi

4,650

4,650

4 74(1

5,480

6

0Krt

6,650

7,050

7,260

7,050

5 OCA

5,860

6,050

5,860

Apr.

5,670

5,670

5,480 i sun

4,210

3,620

2 QGT1

2,390

2,110

1,980

1,910

1,910

1,770

1,610

1,510

1,420

i =.4n

2,040

2,110

2,18«

2,110

2 040

1,'»80

2,180

2,180

1,910

1,590

1,420

1,290

May.

1,220

1 340

1*430 i 4fio

1,320

i ion

1,090

985

QftQ

QAQ

918

800

800

845

707

622

608

570

578

600

600

654

541

562

KAQ

AQf)

<1QQ

570

570

548

728

June.

1,150

1,200

1 f\Af\

onn

764

670

608

570

520

itfft

*^ii

tui

527

492

K7O

662

686

670

600

534

472

472

414

409

426

QQ4.

387

QQO

4AQ

376

July.

420

472

4AQ

433

420

OQO

QQO

409

414

382

382

355

OQK

OQO

Kl Q

*97

ttll

CAT

520

534

*y^9

RQ4.

818

845

764

662

wa

Eon

452

459

4QQ

Akg.

K07

KA1

492

AfJQ

*>QO

409

433

466

426

472

492

478

433

426

466

dfiR

AVK

fins

ttf,1)

JQQ

440

426

QKK

330

355

oca

one

426

4QO

420

440

Sept.

*>Qtt

«>OA

370

360 009

dftQ

ana

44n

426

AOA

420

JAQ

446

A*7Q

d-ifi

420

oca

365

QOft

345

9KK

325

39O

350

Q7ft

QKft

Qftft

97Q

OQ7

NOTE. Discharge, Dec. 22 to Jan. 26, determined from gage-heights corrected for ice effect from one 

discharge measurement and study of recorder graph and by comparison with records of other stations. 

Discharge partially estimated Oct. 10, 17, 31, Nov. 21, Feb. 6-8, 20-22, Apr. 17, 18, May 8, June 5,19, 26, 

27, July 3,17, Aug. 12, and Sept. 3; recorder graph incomplete.
STREAMS TRIBUTARY TO ST. LAWRENCE RIVKR. 83

Monthly discharge of Oswegatchie River near Heuvelton, N. Y., for the year ending Sept.

30, 1921.

[Drainage area, 961 square miles.]

Month.

March...

May...........................................

July...........................................

Discharge in second-feet.

Maximum.

1,980 

2,530 

9,700 

4,000 

3,290 

9,220 

5,670 

1,460 

1,200 

845 

608 

478

9,700

Minimum.

426 

630 

1,580 

800 

764 

1,380 

1,220 

492 

376 

355 

330 

279

279

Mean.

839 

1,340 

4,180 

1,660 

1,140 

5,410 

2,500 

814 

597 

506 

450 

379

1,660

Per 

square 

mile.

0.873 

1.39 

4.35 

1.73 

1.19 

5.63 

2.60 

.847 

.681 

.527 

.468 

.394

1.73

Run-oft 

in inches.

1.01 

1.55 

5.02 

1.99 

1.24 

6.49 

2.90 

.98 

.69 

.61 

.54 

.44

23.46

WEST BRANCH OF OSWEGATCHIE RIVER NEAR HARRISVILLE, N. Y.

LOCATION. At highway bridge near Geers Corners, 2J miles downstream from Harrisville, Lewis County.

DRAINAGE AREA. 245 square miles (measured on topographic maps and map of New 

York issued by United States Geological Survey; scale, 1:500,000).

RECORDS AVAILABLE. July 1, 1916, to September 30, 1921.

GAGE. Vertical staff in three sections on the right bank; section graduated from 

0.0 to 3.3 feet about 25 feet below bridge, and two sections graduated from 3.3 

to 10.1 feet, on downstream side of bridge abutment. Read by Frank Osborne.

DISCHARGE MEASUREMENTS. Made from cable 200 feet upstream from bridge or by 

wading.

CHANNEL AND CONTROL. Rocky and rough; probably permanent.

EXTREMES OP DISCHARGE. Maximum stage recorded during year, 7.90 feet at 5 p. m. 

March 22 (discharge, 4,580 second-feet); minimum stage recorded, 0.90 foot at 

7 a. m. September 18, 20-24 (discharge, about 33 second-feet).

1916-1921: Maximum stage recorded, 8.1 feet at 6.30 a. m. and 6 p. m. March 

28, 1917 (discharge, 4,880 second-feet); minimum stage recorded, September 18 

and 20-24, 1921.

ICE. Stage-discharge relation only slightly affected by ice during extremely cold 

periods.

REGULATION. Operation of pulp mill at Harrisville causes some diurnal fluctuation.

ACCURACY. Stage-discharge relation practically permanent; only slightly affected 

by ice for short periods. Rating curve well defined between 50 and 4,000 secondfeet. Gage read to half-tenths twice daily. Daily discharge ascertained by 

applying mean daily gage height to rating table. Records good except those for 

low stages which may be subject to error owing to diurnal fluctuation.

No discharge measurements were made at this station during the year.
84 SURFACE WAtER SUPPLY, 1921, PART IV.

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of West Branch of Oswegatchie River near Harris-oille, 

N. Y.,for the year ending Sept. 30, 1921.

Day.

1... ...........

2..............

3..............

4..............

5..............

6..............

7..............

8.. ............

9..............

10..............

11..............

12..............

13..............

14..............

15..............

16..............

17..............

18..............

19..............

20..............

21...........;..

22..............

23..............

24..............

25..............

26..............

27..............

28..............

29..............

30..............

31..............

Oct.

320

600

650

422

335

275

208

195

182

98

146

124

106

79

91

91

91

98

91

79

85

79

70

79

70

74

77

124

182

170

124

Nov.

182

335

480

650

600

|5fin

460

388

370

370

370

335

305

275

975

241

305

520

480

in*;

440

560

1,090

1,090

1,030

850

750

560

460

Dec.

440

650

800

970

1,090

i 4on

2 iin

1,880

1,660

1,280

1,030

850

700

Sflft

2,130

2,490

1 880

1 640

1^350

1,030

750

700

650

1,090

1,000

900

goo

7ert

700

600

600

Jan.

750

1,100

1,100

1,000

900

sfm

700

600

480

44ft

380

340

300

280

osn

280

280

280

280

280

300

340

320

380

300

280

280

275

275

232

245

Feb.

275

220

220

195

220

220

220

245

tv>

195

220

220

208

208

220

232

560

560

560

520

440

405

352

335

305

30«>

305

Mar.

460

520

750

970

910

700

1,090

1,490

3,090

4,220

3,860

2.990

2,220

1,880

1,640

1,640

2,040

1,960

1,490

1,720

2,990

4,460

3,860

2,490

1,800

1,490

1,420

1,490

1,640

1,640

1,490

Apr.

1,490

1,490

1,420

1,210

970

850

750

650

560

700

650

660

480

440

440

440

560

800

910

910

750

750

750

700

700

560

480

440

370

370

May.

460

480

480

388

335

305

245

275

232

245

220

232

220

208

195

195

195

170

146

146

146

146

124

146

146

170

170

146

195

480

700

June.

520

388

290

232

182

195

170

146

98

106

106

170

335

335

260

220

208

170

146

124

115

85

85

85

74

106

91

115

106

91

July.

106

91

91

79

77

79

79

70

66

68

170

275

220

220

208

195

170

124

158

305

440

352

290

232

170

124

106

106

115

135

124

Au?.

106

91

85

01

85

77

66

58

58

49

49

74

91

106

124

170

146

115

106

106

91

74

77

74

48

48

54

60

5S

56

51

Sept.

58

85

79

79

79

91

91

70

63

58

51

43

48

46

42

46

43

38

46

41

40

38

36

37

36

42

49

56

51

49

. Discharge, De6. 25 to Jan. 27, estimated on account of Ice effect, from study of gage-heights and 

weather records.

Monthly discharge of West Branch of Oswegatchie River near Harrisville, N. Y.,for the

year ending Sept. SO, 1921.

[Drainage area, 245 square miles.]

Month.

January .......................................

March .........................................

April..........................................

May...........................................

July...........................................

September....................................

The year...... ..........................

Discharge in second-feet.

Maximum.

650 

1,090 

2,490 

1,100 

560 

4,480 

1,490 

700 

520 

440

no

91

4,460

Minimum.

70 

182 

440 

232 

195 

460 

370 

124 

74 

66 

48 

36

36

Mean.

176 

506 

1,130 

454

304 

1,950 

738 

256 

178 

163 

82.1 

54.4

502

Per 

square 

mile.

0.715 

2.06 

4.61 

1.85 

1.24 

7.96 

3.01 

1.04 

.727 

.665 

.335 

.222-

2.05

Run -off 

in inches.

0.82 

2.30. 

5,32 

2.13 

1.29 

9.18 

3.36 

1.20 

.81 

.77 

.39 

.25

27.82
STREAMS TRIBUTARY TO ST. LAWRENCE K1VER. 85 

RitfER AT PIEROElFlELD, HT. Y. 

LOCATION. Half a mile below dam of International Paper Co. at Piercefield, St.

Lawrence County, and three-fourths mile above head of Black Rapids. 

DRAINAGE AREA. 723 square miles (all but 16 square miles measured on topographic

maps).

RECORDS AVAILABLE. August 20, 1908, to September 30, 1921. 

GAGE. Stevens water-stage recorder installed October 22, 1912, in a galvanized

sheet-iron house over a concrete well on left bank about half a mile below dam.

Recorder inspected by employee of International Paper Co. 

DISCHARGE MEASUREMENTS. Made from a cable three-fourths mile below gage just

above Black Rapids. 

CHANNEL AND CONTROL. Channel opposite gage is a deep pond with no perceptible

velocity. Control is at head of Black Rapids. 

EXTREMES OF DISCHARGE. Maximum stage during year, from water-stage recorder,

11.49 feet 5 to 6 a. m., March 30 (discharge, 7,150 second-feet); minimum stage

from water-stage recorder, 2.60 feet at 9 a. m. January 23 (discharge, 148 secondfeet). 

1908-1921: Maximum stage from water-stage recorder occurred March 30,

1921; minimum stage from water-stage recorder, 0.85 foot at 11 a. m. September 2,

1913 (discharge, about 10 second-feet). 

ICE. Rapids that form control seldom freeze, and measurements made when the

pond was covered with ice indicate that the stage-discharge relation was not

affected. 

REGULATION. Large diurnal fluctuation in flow caused by operation of paper mill

during low and medium stages. Numerous lakes in upper part of drainage basin

afford considerable storage, most of which is so controlled that the effect on the

seasonal distribution of flow is large. 

ACCURACY. Stage-discharge relation permanent except as affected by logs on control

from about May 8 to September 30. Rating curve well defined between 50 and

7,000 second-feet. Daily discharge ascertained by use of discharge integrator.

Mean daily discharge May 8 to September 30 estimated on account of backwater

from logs. Records during open- water period good; for period of log effect,

approximate only. 

COOOPERATION. Water-stage recorder inspected by an employee of the International

Paper Co.

No discharge measurements were made at this station during the year.
86 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1921, PAET IV.

Daily discharge, in<second-feet, of Raquette River at Piercefield, N. Y.,for the year ending

Sept. 30, 1921.

Day.

1.. ............

2..............

3..............

4..............

5..............

6..............

7... ...........

8..............

9..............

10..............

11..............

12..............

13..............

14..............

15..............

16..............

17..............

18..............

19..............

20..............

21..............

22..............

23..............

24..............

25..............

26..............

27..............

28..............

29..............

30..............

31..............

Oct.

562

580

281

519

615

782

828

912

1,000

526

700

674

740

701

650

670

401

457

507

530

545

570

615

330

388

500

515

515

515

530

291

Nov.

394

530

530

530

530

530

305

431

598

817

847

825

8%

380

728

830

795

780

892

898

479

766

947

971

972

992

1,000

506

876

1,180

Dec.

1,050

1,160

1,330

1,460

959

1,580

1,860

1,990

2,030

2,030

1,830

1,890

2,070

2,240

2,410

2,500

2,590

2,390

2,680

2,590

?,590

2,500

1,980

1,950

1,500

2,000

2,000

1,800

1,950

1,910

1,870

Jan.

1,460

1,480

1,870

1,740

1,810

1,690

1,700

1,610

1,070

1 KA(\

1,490

1,390

1,400

1,140

1 1w

925

1,370

1,350

505

900

1,080

1,070

1,040

1,080

900

455

773

Feb.

934

935

806

852

760

280

723

764

722

836

888

800

284

789

780

760

770

764

870

234

680

774

321

802

Mar.

848

858

838

904

885

347

866

1,190

1,020

1,590

1,840

2,150

2,300

2,740

2,900

3,170

3,410

3,640

3,850

4,390

5,130

5,490

5,860

6,250

6,640

6,770

6,900

7,030

7.030

7,030

7,030

Apr.

6,900

6,640

6,250

5,990

5,730

5,490

5,250

4,890

4,650

4,220

4,170

3,950

3,730

3,400

3,290

3,030

2,820

2,880

2,780

2,780

2,680

2,680

2,680

2,410

2,600

2,620

2,610

2,660

2,590

2,540

May.

2,140

2,320

2,320

2,240

800

750

750

800

1,000

1,100

June.

1,100

1,100

1,100

1,000

950

900

800

800

750

700

700

700

700

700

750

700

750

700

650

650

650

600

550

500

480

480

480

480

460

460

July.

440

440

400

400

380

400

360

380

400

420

440

460

480

500

500

550

380

550

500

500

550

600

600

460

600

600

600

650

650

600

420

Aug.

700

750

650

650

700

650

280

440

650

650

650

650

550

320

280

650

650

700

650

600

360

280

550

500

550

500

480

500

280

460

550

Sept.

500

550

460

320

280

220

360

550

500

500

320

280

280

440

280

280

300

280

320

380

280

280

360

500

280

280

280

280

300

440

NOTE. Discharge, Jan. 19-22, estimated 1,200 second-feet; Feb. 23-26, 950 second-feet; and May 5-25, 

1,700 second-feet; operation of recorder unsatisfactory. Discharge, May 26 to Sept. 30 determined from 

recorder graph corrected for backwater from logs on control. Discharge partly estimated Nov. 27, Dec. 

24-28, and May 26.

Monthly discharge of Raquette River at Piercefield, N. Y., for the year ending Sept. SO,

1921.

[Drainage area, 723 square miles.]

Month.

July...........................................

The year ..................................

Discharge in second-feet.

Maximum.

1,000 

1,180 

2,680 

1,870

7,030 

6,900

1,100 

650 

750 

550

7,030

Minimum.

281 

305 

959 

455 

234 

347 

2,410 

750 

460 

360 

280 

220

220

Mean.

579 

725 

1,960 

1,250 

747 

3,580 

3,830 

1,610 

711 

491 

543 

356

1,370

Per 

square 

mile.

0.801 

1.00 

2.71 

1.73 

1.03 

4.95 

5.30 

2.23 

.983 

.679 

.751 

.492

1.89

Run-Off 

in inches.

0.92 

1.12 

3.12 

1.99 

1.07 

5.71 

5.91 

2.57 

1.10 

.78 

.87 

.55

25.71
STREAMS TRIBUTARY TO ST. LAWRENCE RIVER.

ST. REGIS RIVER AT BRASHER CENTER, N. 7.

87

LOCATION. Near steel highway bridge in Brasher Center, St. Lawrence County, 5 

miles downstream from Brasher Falls, 6^ miles below junction of East and West 

branches of St. Regis River, and 12 miles above mouth.

DRAINAGE AREA. 621 square miles (measured on post-route map).

RECORDS AVAILABLE. August 22, 1910, to November 10, 1917, and January 1, 1919, 

to September 30,1921.

GAGES. Gurley 7-day graph water-stage recorder installed August 14, 1920, on left 

bank about 600 feet above bridge. Datum same as that of staff gage with inclined 

and vertical sections used June 24, 1916, to August 14, 1920. A chain gage on 

downstream side of bridge, at independent datum, was used August 22, 1910, to 

June 23,1916. Recorder inspected by Alfred Berry.

DISCHARGE MEASUREMENTS. Made from a cable at the staff gage.

CHANNEL AND CONTROL. Bed at cable composed of small boulders and coarse gravel; 

fairly permanent.

EXTREMES OF DISCHARGE. Maximum stage during year from water-stage recorder, 

10.17 feet at 2 a. m. March 10 (discharge, 7,460 second-feet); minimum stage from 

water-stage recorder, 5.74 feet at noon August 8 (discharge, 146 second-feet).

1910-1921: Maximum stage recorded, 9.1 feet at 7 a. m. March 27, 1914 (discharge, 16,200 second-feet); minimum stage recorded, 5.25 feet at 5 p. m. August 

8, 1917 (discharge, about 34 second-feet).

ICE Stage-discharge relation affected by ice.

ACCURACY. Stage-discharge relation practically permanent, except as affected by 

ice December to March. Rating curve well defined between 200 and 6,000 secondfeet. Daily discharge, except for period of ice effect, ascertained by applying 

mean daily gage height to rating table. Open-water records good; winter records 

fair.

Discharge measurements of St. Regis River at Brasher Center, N. Y., during the year

ending Sept. 30, 1921.

Date.

Jan. 23

Feb. 25

Aug. 30

Made by- Gage 

height.

Feet. 

o7.31

o6.40

5.88

Discharge.

Sec.-ft. 

1.340

327

198

a Stag^discharge relation affected by ice.
88 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1921, PART IV.

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of St. Regis River at Brasher Center, N". Y., for the year

ending Sept. 30, 1921 >

Day.

1..............

1..... ........

3..............

4..............

5..............

6..............

7..............

8..............

9..... .........

10..............

11..............

12..............

13..............

14..............

16..............

16..............

17..............

18..............

19..............

20..............

21..............

22..............

23..............

24..............

25..............

26..............

27..............

28..............

29..............

30..............

31..............

Oct.

1,580

2.100

1,960

1,480

1,120

942

810

735

567

501

465

429

404

396

420

396

388

372

364

864

312

326

340

340

356

356

404

483

529

510

492

Nov.

548

745

1,090

1,420

1,440

1,150

822

705

675

858

918

894

755

655

596

548

483

881

799

766

1,780

966

675

510

665

715

755

715

685

665

Dec.

655

1,000

1,520

1,660

1,900

2,260

2,180

1,970

1,790

1,700

1,700

1,600

1,700

2,400

5,000

3,800

3,000

2,600

2,200

1,600

1,700

2,600

2,600

2,800

2,800

2,600

2,200

2,000

1,700

1,500

1,300

Jan.

1,300

3,000

2 600 2' ooo

1,800

1,500

1,300

1,300

1,100

900

800

650

600

600

600

600

650

650

650

650

950

1,800

1,400

1,000

600

550

550

600

600

420

Feb.

420

480

w>

500

600

600

600

600

600

600

600

600

550

550

500

700

3,000

850

750

700

600

550

460

380

320

320

280

320

Mar.

600

650

1,700

 900

650

1,200

2,000

2,000

5,000

6,310

4,860

3,920

3,620

3,080

2,830

3,720

3,820

3,440

2,830

3,350

4,440

5,400

4,640

3,620

3,170

3,080

3,000

3,170

3,080

2,660

2,660

Apr.

2,920

,2,660

2,260

2,100

1,700

1,580

1,480

1,550

1,490

1,520

1,550

1,420

1,180

990

1,060

1,060

1,180

1,180

1,590

1,520

1,520

1,650

1,760

1,590

1,690

1,460

1,280

1,210

1,040

990

May.

990

978

1,060

954

705

645

645

705

420

548

388

715

447

447

438

438

438

412

372

380

380

364

356

348

340

364

356

348

348

483

665

June.

735

665

510

685

483

420

474

312

306

404

340

348

653

1,080

1,030

894

695

605

601

356

348

312

277

259

259

248

242

259

248

259

July.

254

248

237

215

215

226

226

215

259

412

625

725

658

340

305

380

558

610

388

333

364

429

372

326

277

284

270

298

270

270

259

Aug.

237

248

242

220

188

188

184

158

179

174

174

242

242

248

298

312

298

291

259

305

348

298 298

270

438

291

248

220

215

210

206

Sept.

206

202

202

206

174

232

232

210

202

210

206

220

220

210

197

215

226

216

220

226

232

226

202

202

202

188

192

210

210

210

NOTE. Discharge, Dec. 10 to Mar. 9, determined from gage-heights corrected for ice effect from two 

discharge measurements, study of weather records, and comparison with records of flow in adjacent drainage areas. No gage-height record Feb. 19-24. .

Monthly discharge of St. Regis River at Brasher Center, N. Y.,for (he year ending Sept.

30, 1921.

[Drainage area, 621 square miles.]

Month.

November.....................................

January.......................................

April.. ........................................

July. ....................................

Discharge in second-feet.

Maximum.

2,100 

1,780 

5,000 

3,000 

3,000 

, 6,310 

2,920 

1,060 

1,080 

725 

438 

232

6,310

Minimum.

312 

483 

655 

420 

280 

600 

990 

340 

242 

215 

158 

174

158

Mean.

653 

829 

2, 130 

1,040 

626 

3,080 

1,540 

532 

474 

343 

249 

210

981

Per 

square 

mile.

1.05 

1.33 

3.43 

1.67 

1.01 

4.96 

2.48 

.857 

.763 

.552 

.401 

.338

1.68

Run-off 

inmches.

1.21 

1.48 

3.95 

1.92 

1.05 

5.72 

2.77 

.99 

.85 

.64 

.46 

.38

21.42
STREAMS TRIBUTARY TO ST. LAWRENCE RIVER. 89

RICHELIEU RIVER AT FORT MONTGOMERY, ROUSES POINT, N. Y. v

LOCATION. Inside fort, three-eighths mile south of international boundary, half a

mile above head of Richelieu River (outlet of Lake Champlain), and 1 mile north

east of Rouses Point, Clinton County. 

DRAINAGE AREA. 7,870 square miles, including 436 square miles of water surface

(from annual report of New York State engineer and surveyor). 

RECORDS AVAILABLE. 1875 to September 30, 1921. 

GAGE. Staff, inside of fort; read by Thomas Bourke. Elevation of gage zero, 92.50

feet above mean sea level. 

EXTREMES OP STAGE. Maximum elevation recorded during year, 99.22 feet at

10 a. m. March 31; minimum elevation, 92.68 feet at 10 a. m. September 29. 

1869-1921: Maximum elevation recorded, 103.28 feet April, 1869; 1 minimum

elevation, 91.9 feet November 13, 1908. 

COOPERATION. Gage heights observed under direction of the United States Engineer

Corps and reported monthly to the United States Geological Survey.

Daily gage height, in feet, for Richelieu River at Fort Montgomery, Rouses Point, N. Y:, 

for the year ending Sept. SO, 1921.

Day.

1. .............

2..............

3..............

4..............

5..............

6..............

7..............

8..............

9..............

10..............

11..............

12..............

13..............

14..............

15..............

16..............

17.... ...... ,.

18..............

19..............

20..............

21..............

22..............

23..............

24..............

25..............

26..............

27.........'.....

28..............

29.............. 

30..............

31..............

Oct.

1.50

1.82

2.02

2.05

i on

1.96

2.08

2.02

2.05

1 Q9

I

nr

1.92

1.90

1.88

1.85

1.81

1.78

1.75

1.73

1.74

1.75

1.68

1.63

1,73

1 60

1.67

1 QA

1.50

1.45 

1.47

1.45

Nov.

1.40

1.75

1.47

1.50

1.47

1 48

1.47

1 48

1.75

1.50

1 48

i 11

1.50

1.47

1 43

1 40

1.43

1.42

I

Kft

1 qo

1.35

1.53

1 1/1

1.63

1.65

i fii

1.70

1.67

1.68 

1.75

Dec.

1.73

1.76

2.07

2.15

2.25

2.53

2.85

2 07

3.25

3.32

3.33

3.35

3.40

3 4.8

4.00

4.47

4.63

4.70

4.77

4.68

4.52

4.60

4.77

4.70

i ?i

4 48

i 17

i ?n

4.25 

4.18

4.13

Jan.

4.15

4.17

4.05

4.05

4.03

3.95

3.98

3.93

3.90

3.87

3.82

3.75

3.70

3.72

3.60

3.57

3.55

3.52

3 45

3.46

3

00

3

°.9

3 OK

3 19.

3.15

3.14

*> 1O

3.08

3.05

2 no

2.95

Feb.

2.90

2.85

2.83

2.77

2.75

2.68

2.65

2.60

2.62

9 Ifi

o 19

9 tin

2.48

2.45

2.43

2 49

2.40

2.35

2.33

2

0A

9 °.fi

2.35

2

°.*

9 9Q

9 91

2 99

2.20

2 on

.......

Mar.

2.27

2.45

2,42

2.40

2.47

2.58

2.55

2.68

2.97

3.30

3.53

3.73

3.98

4

1 K

4.38

4

KA

4.75

4.83

* 1°.

4 or

^ 99

5.25

1 71

5.90

* Q7

K no

6.20

6.07

6.12 

6.55

6.72

Apr.

6.05

6.58

6.13

6.05

5.95

5.92

6.15

5.90

5.58

5.50

5.48

5.45

5.42

5.20

5.40

4.75

4.98

5.00

5.02

4

QO

4 Q9

5.05

5 An

4.87

4 on

4.85

4 71

4.67 

4.65

May.

4.53

4.50

4.45

4.37

4.30

4.18

4.10

4.08

3.95

3.90

3.87

3.90

3.73

3.60

3.48

3.35

3.28

3.20

3 17

3 OK

3 1Q

3 in

2 71

2 95

9 a1?

2 78

2.72

2.65

2.62

9 &i\

2.53

June.

2.35

2.47

2,50

2.30

2.28

2.30

2.23

2.19

2.17

2.15

2

1Q

1.90

2.15

1.83

1.80

1.85

1.88

1.80

1.73

1.75

1 71

1.70

1.68

1.60

1.55

1.50

1.50

1 19

1.55 

1.47

July.

1.45

1.42

1.40

1.38

1.33

1.40

1.32

1.25

1.23

1.17

1.25

1.30

1.27

1.17

1.20

1.20

1.22

1.30

1 19.

1 1Q

1.17

1 -10

1.20

1 OQ

1 19

1.17

1 05

1.05 

1.03

1.07

Aug.

1.00

.95

,93

.93

.95

1.05

1,07

.87

flK

.92

,80

.72

.80

,70

.72

.73

.77

.62

.68

.85

.62

.70

.70

.65

.65

.65

.07

.65

.63

EO

.53

Sept.

0.53

.50

.48

.47

.53

.50

.47

.53

.42

.50

.41

.55

.40

.37

.40

.35

.43

.32

.25

97

.58

.32

on

.28

.65

.20

.25

.30

.18

99

Hoyt, J. C., U. S. Geol. Survey Water-Supply Paper 97, p. 340.
90 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 19^., PART IV. 

' SARANAC RIVER NEAR PLATTSBURG, N. Y.

LOCATION.-*-At Indian Rapids power plant (formerly known as Lozierdam) of Plattsburg Gas & Electric Co., 6 miles above mouth of river at Plattsburg, Clinton 

County.

DRAINAGE AREA. 607 square miles (measured on topographic maps).

RECORDS AVAILABLE. March 27, 1903, to September 30, 1921.

GAGES. Gage showing elevation of water surface above intake to power plant is a 

Gurley 7-day graph water-stage recorder installed November 12, 1919, in a shelter 

attached to retaining wall at power house on right side of river. Before that date 

the crest gage was a vertical staff on the angle of the wing wall at the end of the 

racks. Datum raised 0.76 foot August 20, 1906. Tailrace gage is a vertical staff 

spiked to timberwork dike between tailrace and river and about 50 feet below 

power house. Records of kilowatt output are obtained by watt meter on switchboard at half-hour intervals. Inclined staff gage at cable station, a quarter of a 

mile below dam.

DISCHARGE MEASUREMENTS. Made from a cable at head of Indian Rapids, a quarter 

of a mile below dam or by wading. Gages and watt meters are read by powerhouse operators during measurements.

DISCHARGE RATING. Records include flow over concrete spillway 171.25 feet in crest 

length, a rating for which has been prepared for use of coefficients ' derived from 

experiments made in the hydraulic laboratory of Cornell University on a model 

section of the dam; the discharge through two power units equipped with 300-kilowatt generators which have been rated by current-meter measurement; and the 

discharge through two 5-foot waste gates when open. Occasional observations 

are made on the inclined staff gage at the cable as a check on the ratings of the 

spillway and turbines.

EXTREMES OF DISCHARGE. Maximum daily discharge during year, 4,900 second-feet 

March 22; minimum daily discharge, 140 second-feet September 11.

1908-1921: Maximum daily discharge recorded, 6,410 second-feet, April 20,1914; 

minimum daily discharge, 90 second-feet, September 28,1914.

ICE. The crest of the spillway is kept free from ice so that the stage-discharge relation 

is not affected.

REGULATION. The lakes and ponds on the main stream and tributaries above the 

station comprise a water-surface area of about 25.5 square miles. The actual storage afforded by these reservoirs has been largely increased by the State dam at 

lower Saranac Lake, the operation of which affects the distribution of flow during 

the year.

ACCURACY. Discharge over the spillway ascertained by applying to rating table mean 

gage height for six-hour periods. Discharge through the turbines ascertained by 

applying to their ratings the mean kilowatt output and head for periods of run. 

Records fair. ,

COOPERATION. Gage-height records and watt-meter readings furnished by Plattsburg 

Gas & Electric Co., Herbert A. Stutchbury, superintendent.

No discharge measurements were made at this station during the year.

» Horton, B. E., Weir experiments, coefficients, and formulas: U. S. Geol. Survey Water-Supply Paper 

200, pp. 98-100,1907.
STREAMS TRIBUTARY TO ST. LAWRENCE RIVER. 91

Daily discharge, in second-feet, ofSaranac River near Plattsburg, N. Y.,for the year ending

Sept. 30 1921.

Day.

1... ...........

2..............

3..............

4..............

5..............

6..............

7..............

8..............

9..............

10..............

11..............

12..............

13..............

14..............

15..............

16..............

17..............

18..............

10

20..............

21..............

22..............

23..............

24..............

25..............

26..............

27..............

28..............

29..............

30..............

31..............

Oct.

1.080

1.180

760

7Af\

560

640

700

720

700

580

620

420

500

480

440

500

620

390

540

620

620

620

640

620

540

480

620

640

640

740

360

Nov.

640

520

700

640

640

680

560

660

520

720

720

720

c«n

380

660

480

640

620

700

660

370

580

570

480

Cftft

780

720

500

680

620

Dec.

600

1,180

1,020

1.200

1,180

1,500

1,300

1,300

1,140

1,220

1,300

1,200

1,200

1,450

2,250

2,100

1,800

1,600

1,450

1,120

1,080

1 000

1,120

1,300

820

660

800

880

840

840

780

Jan.

860

820

1,060

1,000

980

800

900

820

820

780

700

720

820

740

620

370

640

620

720

640

780

74ft

620

580

580

600

620

540

520

Feb.

440

480

560

540

560

560

600

580

500

520

600

520

480

560

390

440

660

860

660

680

640

680

600

Ken

520

600

Mar.

700

680

940

1,100

840

940

1,950

1,800

2,800

4,100

3,700

3,500

3,200

2,700

2,250

2,900

2,900

2,600

2,000

2,500

4,800

4,900

3,600

9 Qftfl

2 700

2,800

2,450

2,250

2,350

2,250

2,000

Apr.

2,100

1,950

1,950

1,750

1,700

1,600

1,500

1,400

1,400

980

1,180

1 140

1^100

1,040

1,080

1 300

l'200

1 300

l'350

1,240

1 A'tfl

1,600

1 ^*ifl

1,550

1 450

1,'250

1,220

1,140

1,080

May.

1,020

1.000

, 900

900

940

820

800

760

480

660

660

640

640

640

600

620

620

560

560

500

540

520

540

£00

iV>

490

350

370

400

330

310

June.

540

520

560

500

500

520

520

540

500

470

560

540

500

540

540

600

620

580

400

500

340

410

360

360

QKft

310

420

410

460

450

July.

390

380

300

390

430

260

370

360

680

330

390

440

430

390

390

450

340

390

420

370

450

380

320

260

330

330

350

410

440

380

Aug.

480

280

320

290

340

360

340

440

370

360

380

420

380

600

500

350

240

380

360

560

420

480

370

360

350

290

280

330

520

290

370

Sept.

380

380

360

340

500

380

410

330

520

320

140

420

300

560

270

390

225

195

215

230

300

370

290

360

260

450

260

380

360

340

Monthly discharge of Saranac Rivet near Plattsburg, N. Y.,for the year ending Sept. 30,

1921. 

[Drainage area, 607 sqnare miles.]

Month.

October.......................................

March.........................................

April..........................................

May...........................................

July...........................................

8 ep tember . ....................................

The year ................................

Discharge in second-feet.

Maximum.

1,180 

780 

2,250 

1,060 

860 

4,900 

2,100 

1,020 

620 

680 

600 

560

4,900

Minimum.

360 

370 

600 

370 

390 

680 

980 

310 

310 

260 

240 

140

140

Mean.

623 

609 

1,200 

732 

582 

2,490 

1,410 

617 

481 

386 

381 

341

824

Per 

square 

mile.

1.03 

1.00 

1.98 

1.21 

.959 

4.10 

2.32 

1.02 

.792 

.636 

.628 

.562

1.36

Run-oft 

in inches.

1.19 

1.12 

2.28 

1.40 

1.00 

4.73 

2.59 

1.18 

.88 

.73 

.72 

.63

18.45

WEST BRANCH OF AtTSABLE RIVER NEAR NEWMAN, N. Y.

LOCATION. On farm formerly owned by James Dudley, 4 miles northeast of Newman, Essex County, and 4 miles below Lake Placid.

DRAINAGE AREA. 116 square miles (measured on topographic maps).

RECORDS AVAILABLE. June 7, 1916, to December 31, 1917, and July 15, 1919, to 

September 30, 1921.

GAGE. Staff, in two sections, oh the right bank; lower section, inclined, graduated 

from 1.0 to 6.5 feet; upper section, vertical, graduated from 6.55 to 10.1 feet; read 

by Mrs. Ethel Fuller.
92 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1921, PABT IV.

DISCHARGE MEASUREMENTS. Made from cable 300 feet above gage or by wading,

CHANNEL AND CONTROL. Solid rock; permanent.

EXTREMES OF DISCHARGE. Maximum open-water stage recorded, 8.0 feet at 5 p. m. 

March 21 (discharge, 5,710 second-feet); minimum stage recorded, 2.02 feet at 6 

p. m. April 25 (discharge, 12 second-feet). .

1916-17 and 1919-1921: Maximum stage recorded March 21, 1921; minimum 

stage, 1.60 feet at 7.30 p. m. September 13, 1920 (discharge practically zero).

ICE. Stage-discharge relation usually affected by ice.

ACCURACY. Stage-discharge relation practically permanent, except as affected by ice. 

Rating curve fairly well denned between 30 and 1,000 second-feet. Gage read to 

half-tenths twice daily. Daily discharge ascertained by applying mean daily 

gage height to rating table. Records only fair, as mean daily gage height, determined from two gage readings daily, is subject to error, owing to fluctuations in 

stage caused by operation of dams upstream.

Discharge measurements of West Branch of Ausable River near Newman, N. Y., during 

the year ending Sept. SO, 1921.

Date.

Jan 21

Feb. 23

Mar. 9

23

Apr. 18

Made by 

S. M. Currier.. .........

.....do..................

B. F. Howe............

Gage 

height.

Feet. 

03.00

o3.ll

«6.80

4.54

3.69

Discharge.

Sec.-ft. 

on

82

1,230

725

360

Date.

Apr. 18

Aug. 30

30

Made by- Gage 

height.

Feet. 

3.65

2138

2.72

2.45

Discharge.

Seo.-ft. 

389

32.9

40 1

34 O

a Stage-discharge relation affected by ice.

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of West Branch of Ausable River near Newman, 

for the year ending Sept. 80, 1921.

Day.

1. ...... .......

2..............

3..............

4..............

5....;.........

6..............

7..............

8..............

9..............

10..............

11..............

12..............

13..............

14..............

15..............

16..............

17..............

18..............

19..............

20..............

21..............

22..............

23..............

24..............

25..............

26..............

27..............

28..............

29..............

30..............

31..............

Oct.

1,320

700

363

333

208

313

153

105

130

1DQ

94

90

82

70

82

73

90

82

73

82

70

61

61

61

58

61

70

353

240

100

on

Nov.

94

208

763

313

275

208

208

208

142

395

240

179

166

130

120

94

90

109

109

73

73

73

109

120

130

109

90

90

90

90

Dec.

90

73

395

275

439

975

534

374

208

208

153

179

179

179

1,850

1.140

439

395

353

313

313

240

275

240

179

179

130

130

130

153

179

Jan.

130

179

353

275

240

208

130

179

130

130

90

73

73

90

208

170

130

90

SO

80

80

100

120

95

60

40

38

38

75

60

48

Feb.

48

60

 0

dR

60

55

70

70

70

55

55

55

44

42

26

65

260

'200 200

160

120

100

85

65

40

30

65

80

Mar.

80

90

180

130

14/1

180

480

850

1,400

1,100

830

586

670

534

485

2.210

1 140

700

485

1,100

5.710

2,090

796

586

1,630

1,140

1,060

865

975

586

462

Apr.

732

485

417

374

353

462

462

417

534

374

294

258

208

208

258

417

534

.374

333

333

275

395

166

333

275

560

240

208

179

224

May.

258

224

194

179

142

153

124

113

124

117

128

80

96

124

J24

113

92

88

80

72

56

62

83

72

68

72

72

66

62

60

60

June.

72

66

83

92

83

80

76

60

53

56

60

153

.153

224

128

124

66

66

47

51

51

56

51

53

51

34

34

39

39

68

July.

45

45

34

34

34

47

34

36

47

47

103

153

88

60

60

56

47

43

68

80

83

88

51

47

53

53

47

47

88

142

113

Ayg.

60

53

43

45

51

53

51

34

34

39

39

56

88

88

96

66

53

51

80

62

96

62

53

53

47

45

39

34

39

34

Sept.

34

33

36

39

33

33

33

33

33

36

33

30

33

33

33

36

34

39

34

34

43

43

47

39

30

113

60

56

66

44

. Discharge, Nov. 24, estimated from hydrograph, as gage was not read. Discharge, Jan. 16 to May. 

10, determined from gage heights corrected for ice effect from three discharge measurements, study of Observer's notes, weather records, and gage-height graph and by comparison with records of flow of Ansable 

River at Ausable Forks.
STREAMS TRIBUTARY TO ST. LAWRENCE RIVER. 93

Monthly discharge of West Branch of Ausable River near Newman, N. Y., for the year

ending Sept. 30, 1921.

[Drainage area, 116 square miles.]

Month.

March .........................................

July...........................................

Discharge in second-feet.

Maximum.

1.320 

763 

-1.850 

353 

260 

5,710 

732 

258 

224 

153 

96 

113

5,710

Minimum.

58 

73 

73 

38 

26 

80 

166 

56 

34 

34 

34 

30

26

Mean.

186 

170 

352 

122 

81.6 

944 

356 

108 

75.6 

63.6 

54.1 

40.7

215

Per

square 

mile.

1.60 

1.47 

3.03 

1.05 

.703 

8.14 

3.07 

.931 

.652 

.548 

.466 

.351

1.85

Run-off 

in inches.

1.84 

1.64 

3.49 

1.21 

.73 

9.38 

3.42 

1.07 

.73 

.63 

.54 

.39

25.07

AUSABLE RIVER AT AUSABLE FORKS, N. Y.

LOCATION. In village of Ausable Forks, Clinton County, immediately below junction of East and West branches and 15 miles above mouth of river.

DRAINAGE AKEA. 444 square miles (measured on topographic maps).

RECORDS AVAILABLE. August 17, 1910, to September 30, 1921.

GAGE. Chain on left bank 1,000 feet below junction of East and West branches; 

read by A. S. Baker.

DISCHARGE MEASUREMENTS. Made from a cable 1J miles below gage or by wading 

either near the cable or a short distance above the gage.

CHANNEL AND CONTROL. Stone and gravel; occasionally shifting. Channel divided 

by an island opposite the gage.

EXTREMES OF DISCHARGE. Maximum stage recorded during year, 8.6 feet at 7 a. m. 

March 21 (discharge, 13,800 second-feet); minimum stage, 3.32 feet at 5 p. m. 

September 18 (discharge, 78 second-feet).

1910-1921: Maximum stage recorded, 10.2 feet in the evening of March 27, 1913 

(discharge, roughly 25,000 second-feet); minimum stage recorded, 3.0 feet at 

7 a. m. July 21, 1912 (discharge, practically zero).

ICE. Stage-discharge relation slightly affected by ice.

ACCURACY. Stage-discharge relation practically permanent during the year except 

as affected by ice. Rating curve fairly well defined between 175 and 3,000 

second-feet. Gage read to hundredths twice daily. Daily discharge ascertained 

by applying mean daily gage height to rating table. Open-water records good; 

winter records fair.

Discharge measurements of Ausable River at Ausable Forks, N. Y., during year ending

Sept. SO, 1921.

Date.

Jan. 20

Sept. 30

Made by 

»

height.

Feet. 

04.41

3.55

Discharge.

Sec.-ft. 

288

189

« Stage-discharge relation affected by ice. 

34897 23 WSP 524 7
94

Daily di

SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1921, PART IV.

, in second-feet, of Ausable River at Ausable Forks, N. Y., for the year 

ending Sept. 30, 1921.

Day.

\. ............

2. ............

3.............

4..............

5.............

6..............

7..............

8..............

9..............

10..............

11.............

12..............

13..............

14..............

15..............

16..............

7..............

18..............

19..............

20..............

21..............

22..............

23..............

24..............

25..............

26..............

27..............

28..............

29..............

30..............

31..............

Oct.

4,210

1,830

838

494

407

379

345

287

227

242

234

208

208

214

227

202

202

202

227

183

153

177

208

202

214

287

465

371

398

Nov.

354

446

1,620

'1,070

800

588

578

567

984

851

588

536

Kf\7

567

494

465

446

AAR

446

07Q

371

426

407

398

426

398

Dec.

AAR

1,620

1,530

3,320

3 1 on

2,950

1,200

2

A.CA

4 7^fi

2,490

1,530

1 230 ? 984

877

851

942

1,100

1,100

950

800

700

900

Jan.

1 000

1,100

800

7ftfl

600

fiCfl

750

700 650'

600

600

ftfifi

fiflfl

650

SKA

4.4.O

340

OAA

280

320

360 OQA

OJA

300

9oA

300

OCA

420

380

320

Feb.

280

320

320

300

280

qjn

380

371

294

264

9<V7

264

9fV7

0=7

OOA

1,730

1, 150

QrtO

578

546

436

01Q

01 Q

336

345

Mar.

 336

929

764

O AAt\

4 480

2.950

1 940

2

QC(\

2 720

3,070

6,800

2 270

2 1 fin

2,720

10 con

4,210

4,210

3 inn

2,600

Apr.

1 940

1,440

998

970

1,260

1 i ^

998

929

700

656

656

751

776

1 040

1,030

1 040

1 440

Q9Q

916

851

800

588

588

May.

929

851

739

955

426

071

345

328

336

362

071

01 1

272

294

257

214

221

214

202

OAO

196

214

221

183

214

991

202

June.

202

202

214

991

214

202

177

164 107

214

OAA

484

388

319

234

ion

170

1 f»7

157

148

148

132

109

132

July.

1 37

126

107

126

115

1O9

90

90

82

00,1

311

302

345

311

9^7

OCA

227

214

oo/i

214

OAQ

177

1 <v?

132

106

148

208

183

Aug.

-loo

142

126

110

110

106

94

86

86

on

86

QA

126

1 (^

142

142

164

189

170

I'd

1^7

126

126

115

126

126

115

115

Sept.

115

115

106

102

90

90

1 nA

110

QS

110

94

QA

90

00

QQ

Oft

90

00

94

86

QA

94

110

110

94

86

QO

on

ift*>

NOTE. Discharge, Dec. 24 to Feb. 8, determined from gage-heights corrected for ice effect from one discharge measurement and study of weather records and observer's notes.

Monthly discharge of Ausable River at Ausable Forks, N. Y., for the year ending Sept.

30, 1921.

[Drainage area, 444 square miles.]

Month.

November

July...........................................

Discharge in second-feet.

Maximum.

4,210 

1,620 

4,750 

1,200 

1,730 

12,500 

1,940 

955 

800 

345 

189 

115

12,500

Minimum.

153 

354 

446 

260 

. 257 

336 

588 

183 

132 

90 

86 

82

82

Mean.

479 

574 

1,660 

543 

454 

3,290 

1,080 

359 

221 

185 

128 

96.5

761

Per 

square 

 mile.

1.08 

1.29 

3.74 

1.22 

1.02 

7.41 

2.43 

.809 

.498 

.417 

.288 

.217

1.71

Run-off 

in inches.

1.24 

1.44 

4.31 

1.41 

1.06 

8.54 

2.71 

.93 

.56 

.48 

.33 

.24

23.25
STREAMS TRIBUTARY TO ST. LAWRENCE RIVER. 95

LAKE GEORGE AT ROGERS ROCK, N. Y.

LOCATION. At boathouse in small bay on north side of steamboat landing at Rogers

Rock, Essex County.

RECORDS AVAILABLE. July 10,1913, to September 30, 1921. 

GAGE. Vertical staff fastened to a pile in the back end of the boathouse. Datum

3.15 feet below the crest of dam at outlet of lake; read once daily by employee of

International Paper Co. 

EXTREMES OF STAGE. Maximum stage recorded during year, 4.2 feet on March 30

and 31; minimum' stage recorded, 1.6 feet on November 21.

1913-1921: Maximum stage recorded, 4.98 feet on May 2, 1914^minimum stage

recorded, 1.2 feet on November 21 and December 22, 1916. 

REGULATION. Elevation of lake surface is regulated by the operation of gates and

wheels at the dam at the outlet of the lake at Ticonderoga. 

COOPERATION. Gage-height record furnished by International Paper Co.

Daily gage height, in feet, of Lake George at Rogers Rock, N. Y., for the year ending

Sept. 30, 1921.

Day.

1.... ..........

2..............

3..............

4. .............

5... ........... 

6..............

7..............

8..............

9..............

10..............

11.............

12..............

13.............

14..............

15..............

16..............

17..............

18..............

19..............

20. ...... .......

21..............

22..............

23..............

24..............

25..............

26.............. 

27..............

28..............

29..............

30..............

31..............

Oct.

2.2

2.22

2.18

2.15

2.1 

2.1

2.15

2.1

2.08

2.02

2.0

1.95

2.0

1 95

1.98

1.95

1.98

1.95

1.9

1.92

1.9

1.88

1.85

1.82

1.8

1.8 

1.9

1.85

1 89

1.8

1.78

Nov.

1.75

1.8

1.9

1.88

1.85 

1.8

1.8

1.78

1.78

1.75

1.72

1.75

1.75

1.72

1.7

1.62

1.7

1.75

1.7

1.65

1.6

1.68

1.78

1-85

1.92

2.0 

2-0

1.95

1.92

1.95

Dec.

2.0

2.2

2.3

2.28

2.3 

2.6

2.58

2.55

2.5

2.55

2.52

2 5

2.55

2.6

3.15

3-25

3.28

3.3

3.32

3.35

3.32

3.3

3.4

3-38

3.38

3.42 

3.5

3.42

3.4

3-38

3.3

Jan.

3.38

3.4

3 38

3.35

3.32 

3.3

3.25

3.38

3.3

3.28

3.3

3.25

3.2

3.15

3.2

3.28

3.25

3.2

3.15

3.2

3.1

2.98

3.1

2.98

3.1

2.98 

3.1

3.05

3.0

3.0

2.98

Feb.

2.95

2.95

2.92

2.9

2.88 

2.9

2.92

2.9

2.9

2.88

2.85

2.88

2 9

2.88

2.9

2.85

2.8

2.8

2.8

2

0

2

O

2.8

2.8

2.8

2.8

2.8 

2.8

2.85

Mar.

2.78

2.8

2.75

2.78

2.8

2.78

2.8

2.85

2.95

3.1

3.18

3.25

3.28

3.3

3.38

3.45

3.5

3-5

3.55

3.58

3.68

3.7

3.72

3.78

3-9

3.95 

4.05

4.0

4.08

4.2

4.2

Apr.

4.1

4.15

4.1

4.1

4.05 

4.05

4.05

4.02

4.0

3.9

3.85

3.92

3.9

3.88

3.82

3.82

3.98

4.05

4.0

4.05

4.02

4.0

4.02

4.05

4.0

4.0 

4.05

4.0

3.98

4.0

May.

4.05

4.0

4.02

4.0

4.02 

3.98

3-92

4.0

4.02

3.85

3 9

3.88

3-85

3.88

3.88

3.78 3'82

3.75

3.75

3-78

3.75

3.7

3.6

3.65

3.62

3.6 

3.6

3.58

3.52

3-5

June.

3.42

3.5

3.52

3.4

3-45 

3-4

3.4

3.38

3.35

3.4

3.35

3.35

3-42

3.35

3.3

3.25

3.28

3.2

3.18

3.2

3.22

3.18

3.15

3.08

3.1

3.1 

3.12

3.15

3:2

%3.18

July.

3.22

3.18

3.18

3.15

3.15 

3.18

3.15

3.12

3.12

3.15

3.85

3.9

3.95

3.98

3.9

3.88

3.95

3-98

3.98

3.95

3-95

3.98

3.95

3.98

3.95

3.92 

3.92

3.95

3-82

3-9

3.88

Aug.

3.8

3.75

3.7

3.68

3-76

3.71

3.74

3-66

3.71

3.71

3.71

3.68

3.66

3.61

3.66

3.61

3.66

3-61

3.56

3.56

3.54

3.51

3.51 

3.46

3.46

3.44

3.41

3-31

Sept.

3.34

3.36

3.36

3.26

3.31

3.28

3.26

3.21

3.18

3.16

3.16

3.21

3.14

3.11

3.08

3.06

3.01

2.98

3.01

2.94

3-01

3-04

2-94

2.91

2.88

2.86 

2.86

2.84

2.9

2.8

NOTE. Gage-heights partly estimated Feb. 12-25: observed record inaccurate. No record Aug. 5-7;

LAKE GEORGE AT GLEN ISLAND, NEAR BOLTON LANDING, N. Y.

LOCATION. On dock on northeast side of Glen Island, 2 miles northeast of Bolton

Landing. Reached by boat from Bolton Landing. 

RECORDS AVAILABLE. September 4, 1919, to September 30, 1921. 

GAGE. Vertical cast iron staff gage, reading from 6.0 to 10.0 feet fastened to 2 by 8 inch

oak plank. From November 15 to March 31, a vertical staff attached to dock

at Bolton Landing. Gage read twice daily to quarter-tenths by Jay Taylor,

ranger.
96 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1921, PART IV.

EXTREMES OP STAGE. Maximum stage recorded during year, 8.95 feet April 1 and 2;

minimum stage, 6.5 feet November 15-17. 

1919-1921: Maximum stage recorded, 9.25 feet on April 23, 24, and 29, 1920;

minimum stage, 6.45 feet March 1-6, 1920. 

REGULATION. Elevation of lake surface is regulated by operation of gates and

wheels at the dam at the outlet of the lake at Ticonderoga. 

COOPERATION. Gage-height record furnished by State of New York Conservation

Commission.

Daily gage height, in feet, of Lake George at Glen Island near Bolton Landing, N. Y. t 

' * for the year ending Sept. SO, 1921.

Day.

1..............

2..............

3..............

4.............. 

5..............

6..............

7..............

8..............

g

10..............

11..............

12..............

13..............

14..............

15..............

16..............

17..............

18..............

19..............

20..............

21..............

22.............. 

23..............

24..............

25..............

26..............

27.............. 

28..............

29..............

30.............. 

31..............

Oct.

7.0

7.0 

7.0

7.0

6.95

6.95

6.95

6.9

6 9

6.85

6.85

6.85

6.8

6.8

6.8

6.8

6.8

6.8

6.75

6.7 

6.7

6.7

6.7

6.7

6.75 

6.75

6.75

6.75

Nov.

.......

6.5

6.5

6.5

6.55

6.55

6.6

6.6

6.65 

6.75

6.75

6.8

6.8

6.8 

6.8

6.8

6.8

Dec.

6 a

7.0

7.05

7.1 

7.1

7.2

7.3

7.4

7.4

7.45

7 <;

7.55

7.55

7 65

8.0

8.05

8.05

8.1

8.1

8.1

8.15

8.15 

8.15

8.15

8.2

8.2

8.25 

8.2

8.2

8-2 

81 1\

Jan.

8.15

8.15 

8.15

8.15

8.1

8.1

8.05

8.05

8.0

8.05

"76"

7.9

7 0

7 9

7.85 

7.85

7.8

7.8

Feb.

7.8

7.8

7.8

7.8 

7.8

7.8

7.8

7.75

7.75

7.75

7.7

7.7

7.7

7.7

7.75

7.75

7.75

7.7

7.7

7.7

7.7

7.7 

7.75

7.75

7.75

7 1*\

.......

Mar.

.......

7.7

7.75

7.75

7.8

7.8

7.9

7.95

8.0

8.05

8.1

8.2

8.25

8.25

8.3

8.4

8.45 

8.5

8.5

8.5

8.5

8.6 

8.7

8.75

8.8 

a o

Apr.

8-95

8-95

.......

8.85

8.85

8.8

8.8

8.8

8.8

8.75

8.75

8.75

8.85

8.85

8.85

8.8

8.75

8.75

8.85 

8.9

8.9

8.9

8.85

8-85 

8.85

8.85

8-9

May.

8.9

8.85

8.85

8.85 

8.8

8.8

8.8

8.75

8.75

8.75

8.75

8.75

8.75

8.7

8.7

8.7

8.65

8.6

8.6

8.6

8.55

8.55 

8-5

8.45

8-45

8.45

8.45 

8.4

8.4

8.4 

8.35

June.

8.35

8.3

8.3

8.3 

8.3

8.25

8.25

8.25

8.25

8.25

8.2

8.2

8.2

8.1

8.1

8.1

8.0

8.0

8.0

8.0

8.0

8.0 

8.0

8.0

8.0

8.0

8.0 

8.0

8.1 .

8.1

July.

8.0

8.0

8.0

7.95 

7.95

7.95

7.95

7.95

7.95

7.95

8.7

8.75

8.75

8.8

8.9

8.8

8.85

8.85

8.85

8.85

8.85

8.8 

8.8

8.8

8-8

8.8

8.8 

8.75

8.75

8.7 

8.7

Aug.

8.7

8.65

8.65

8.6 

8.55

8.55

8.5

8.6

8.6

8.55

8.5

8.65

8.6

8.6

8.55

8.55

8.5

8.55

8.55

8.55

8.55

8.5 

8.45

8-45

8.45

8.4

8.4 

8.35

8.35

8.35 

8.3

Sept.

8.3

8.25

8.25

8.25 

8.2

8.2

8.2

8.15

8.15

8.15

8-15

8.1

8.05

8-05

8.05

8-0

8.0

8.0

7 Of\

7 9

7.9

7.85 

7.85

7.85

7.8

7.8

7.75 

7-75

7.7

NOTE. Gage not read Oct. 1, 2, 31, Nov. 1-14, Jan. 1, 2, 9-11,16-22, Feb. 27, 28. Mar. 1-6, and Apr. 3-6. 

A temporary staff at Bolton Landing was read Nov. 15 to Mar. 31; readings reduced to datum of Glen Island 

gage.

LAKE CHAMPLAIN AT BURLINGTON, VT.

LOCATION. On south'side of roadway leading to dock of Champlain Transportation 

Co. at foot of King Street, Burlington, Chittenden County.

RECORDS AVAILABLE. May 1, 1907, to September 30, 1921.

GAGE. Staff. Comparisons of gage readings indicate that zero of gage at Burlington 

is at practically the same elevation as that of gage at Fort Montgomery, 92.5 

feet above mean sea level. Gage read by employee of the Champlain Transportation Co.

EXTREMES OF STAGE. Maximum stage recorded during year, 6.36 feet on March 

29, 30, and April 2; minimum stage, 0.26 foot, September 26-30.

1907-1921: Maximum stage recorded, 8.20 feet on April 7, 1913; minimum 

stage recorded, 0.25 foot on December 4, 1908.

ICE. Wider parts of Lake Champlain not usually frozen over until the, latter part 

of January. Occasionally closure does not occur until February, and in some 

years it lasts only for a few days. The northern end of the lake above the outlet 

is usually covered with ice from the middle of December to the middle of April.
STREAMS TRIBUTARY TO ST. LAWRENCE RJVER.

ACCURACY. Gage read to hundredths once a day at irregular intervals. Gage readings onade when the lake is rough subject to inaccuracies due to wave action.

COOPERATION. Gage heights furnished through the coui^psy of D. A. Loomis, general manager of the Champlain Transportation Co.

Daily gage height, in feet, of Lake Champlain at Burlington, Vt., for the year ending

Sept. 30,1921.

Day.

1..............

2..............

3..............

4..............

5..............

6..............

7..............

8..............

9..............

10.............. ( » 

11..............

12..............

13..............

14... .*.. .......

15..............

16..............

17..............

18..............

19..............

20.............. 

21..............

22.............. 

23..............

24..............

25..............

26..............

27..............

28..............

29..............

30..............

31..............

Oct.

1.78

2.08

2.32

2.40

2.40

2.38

O OJ,

2.28

2.24

2.14

2.10

2.06

2.00

1.98

"i.'si"

1.76

"i.'eT

1.70

1.64

Nov.

1.62

1.70

1.76

1.74

1.72

1.66

1 64

1 66

1.74

1.76

i.82 

1.86

2.00

1 98

.......

1.98

1.98

Dec.

3.48

3.58

3.56

3.64

O KA

4.05

4.55

A 73

4.80

4.78

d 7^

4.70

4.70

"4" 55"

4.52

A An

Jan.

4.30

4.30

4.32

4.32

4 OK

4. IS

4.07

4.00

3.97

3.92

3.87

3.82

3.72

3.60

3.58

3.56

3 4fl

"3." 34"

3.28

3.22

Feb.

3.14

3.05

3.02

2.82

2.78

2.73

2.66

2.64

2.66

2.58

2.52 

2.50

Mar.

2.52

2.52

2.77

2.80

2.92

3.17

3.70

4.12

4.32

4.58

4.75

d 7Q

5.02

5.20

5.20

5.28

5.68 

5.87

5.90 

6.04 "e'is"

6.36

6.36

Apr.

6.30

6.36

6.35

6.30

6.18

6.10

5.95

5.92

5 84

5.82

5.70

5.60

5.51

5.35

5 on

5.33

5.30

5.24 

5.20

5.25 

5.20

5.12 

5.12

5.10 

5.00

4.92

May.

4.78

4.72

4.64

4.60

4.50

4.25

4.16

4.07

3.87

3.85

o 7H

3.60

3.53

3.46

3.44 

3.30

3 17

3.02

2.95 

2.92

2.78

2 7fi

June.

2.70

2.67

2.60

2.56

2.50

2.44

2.34

o oo

2.24

2.20

2.16

2.10

2.14

.......

1.88

1.84

1.78

1.72 

1.72

1.72

1.70

July.

1.68

1.65

1.58

1.55

1.52

1.50

1.46

1.42

1.50

1.50

1.50

1.35

1.40

1.42 

1.40

1.35

1.32

1.30

1.32

Aug.

1.18

1.18

1.10

.96

..96

>

.92

.95

.88

.......

,90

.84

.80

.78

.76

Sept.

0.76

.72

.72

.64

,64

.62

.60

.58

.56

.56

.54

.54

.48

.50

.......

.35

.26

""."26

.26

.26

WINOOSKI RIVER AT MONTPELIER, VT.

LOCATION. 1 mile downstream from Central Vermont Railway station in Montpelier, 

Washington County, three-eighths mile above mouth of Dog River, and 1J mile's 

below mouth of Worcester Branch.

DRAINAGE AREA. 420 square miles.

RECORDS AVAILABLE. May 19, 1909, to September 30, 1921.

GAGE. Gurley 7-day water-stage recorder on right bank, installed July 4, 1914; 

gage heights referred to datum by means of a hook gage inside the well; an outside staff gage is used for auxiliary readings. Recorder inspected by L. D. Smith.

DISCHARGE MEASUREMENTS. Made from cable or by wading.

CHANNEL ANB CONTROL. Channel deep and fairly uniform in section at the gage; 

control is formed by sharply defined rock outcrop about 500 feet below gage.

EXTREMES OP DISCHARGE. Maximum stage during year from water-stage recorder, 

13.7 feet at 11 a. m. October 1 (discharge from extension of rating curve, 13,000 

second-feet); minimum stage during year from water-stage recorder, 2.58 feet at 

7 a. m. September 30 (dischsfrge from extension of rating curve, 6 second-feet).

1909-1921: Maximum stage determined by leveling from flood marks preserved 

on building near present gage, 17.31 feet, April 7, 1912 (discharge not determined); minimum stage from water-stage recorder, September 30, 1921.

ICE. Stage-discharge relation affected by ice. Discharge ascertained by means 

of gage heights, current-meter measurements, observer's notes, and climatic 

records.
98 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 19*21, PART IV.

REGULATION. Operation of power plants on main stream and tributaries above 

station cause diurnal fluctuations in stage.

ACCURACY. Stage-dischaj^3 relation practically permanent except when affected 

by ice. Rating curve well defined between 30 and 5,000 second-feet. Opera- 

* tion of water-stage recorder satisfactory except for short periods indicated by 

footnote to daily-discharge table. Daily discharge October 1 to March 31 ascertained by applying mean daily gage height to rating table with corrections 

for effect of ice during the winter; daily discharge April 1 to September 30 ascertained by use of discharge integrator.

Discharge measurements of Winooski River at Montpelier, Vt., during the year ending

Sept. 30, 1921.

Date.

Jan. 4,

Feb. 25

Mar. 16

Made by 

.....do....................................................................

.....do....................................................................

Gage 

height.

Feet. 

4.54

"4.20

10.19

Discharge.

Sec.-ft. 

667

312

7,070

« Stage-discharge relation affected by, ice.

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Winooski River at Montpelier,,Vt., for the year tnding

Sept. 30, 1921. .

Day.

1. .............

2..............

3..............

4..............

5..............

6..............

7..............

8..............

9..............

10..............

11..............

12..............

13..............

14..............

15..............

16..............

17..............

18..............

19..............

20..............

21..............

22..............

23..............

24..............

25..............

26. .............

27..............

28.......:......

29..............

30. .............

31..............

Oct.

7,500

1,880

1,070

811

685

542

430

420

365

340

308

296

296

320

310

300

290

280

260

250

94n

210

231

210

250

500

300

250

Nov.

560

1,140

664

494

440

345

3SO

435

O7A

296

**rtA

280

395

650

500

40 (\

300

500

600

can

345

370

300

450

500

Dec.

420

1,200

900

685

1,550

2,530

1 380

l'070

888

839

804

678

1,730

4,320

1,880

1,300

1,100

930

804

748

632

720

720

720

680

680

620

con

Jan.

584

590

846

620

560

584

572

512

566

476

450

385

482

578

578

460

370

360

415

430

420

380

355

330

320

310

OAK

Feb.

290

285

285

290

290

310

320

300

300

QAA

300

320

475

570

440

375

340

320

285

290

325

Mar.

510

560

1,040

1,260

760

720

1,380

1,260

3,350

4,710

2,530

3,050

2,480

2,380

5,230

3,590

2,230

1,500

2,640

4,190

2,230

1,830

2,700

2,130

2,580

2,380

1,460

1,460

Apr.

2,200

1,480

1,260

1,120

1,060

1,000

900

820

870

710

580

560

550

fiQTk

1,120

1,160

910

820

1,440

1,220

830

600

530

500

ft

May.

560

445

410

400

350

325

285

265

275

275

250

225

280

265

220

205

225

184

170

146

280

210

1CA

192

192

144

126

140

162

June.

186

182

156

172

176

184

140

120

110

110

112

250

350

290

210

150

138

84

130

126

100

112

110

100

90

180

200

160

155

July.

118

106

74

75

100

98

86

82

93

95

144

164

126

116

97

124

140

146

155

510

200

154

96

75

104

83

65

116

300

305

156

Aug.

164

124

114

90

80

76

58

152

198

134

110

245

300

175

215

168

126

320

465

220

250

220

164

132

106

96

85

50

86

77

81

Sept.

95

72

72

37

43

81

61

52

47

53

21

71

55

58

62

64

60

27

91

73

51

97

58

42

30

84

53

75

68

50

NOTE. Stage-discharge relation affected, by ice Dec. 25-31 and Jan. 19 to Mar. 9; discharge based on 

gage heights corrected for effect of ice by means of one discharge measurement, observer's notes, and 

weather records. Operation of water-stage recorder unsatisfactory Oct. 17-23, 27-31, Nov. 20-30, Dec. 

1-3, 24-28, Feb. 15, and June 24-29.
STREAMS TRIBUTARY TO ST. LAWRENCE RIVER. 99

Monthly discharge of Winooski River at Montpelier, Vt., for the year ending Sept. SO, 1921. 

[Drainage area, 420 square miles.]

Month.

April..........................................

July.. .........................................

Discharge in second-feet.

Maximum.

7,500 

1,140 

4.320 

846 

570 

6,770 

2,200 

560 

350 

510 

465 

97

7,500

Minimum.

210 

280 

420 

305 

265 

510 

500 

126 

84 

65 

50 

21

21

Mean.

656 

463 

1,070 

468 

329 

2,410 

905 

254 

160 

139 

157 

60.1

594

Per 

square 

mile.

1.56 

1.10 

2.55 

1.11 

.783 

5.74 

2.15 

.605 

.381 

.331 

.374 

.143

1.41

Run-off 

in inches.

1.80 

1.23 

2.94 

1.28 

.82 

6.62 

2.40 

.70 

.43 

.38 

.43 

.16

19.19

MOLLYS BROOK NEAR MARSHFIELD, VT.

LOCATION. At head of Mollys Falls, one-fourth mile above confluence with Winooski 

River, 1 mile from Marahfield village, Washington County.

DRAINAGE AREA. 24 square miles (from surveys by engineers of Montpelier & Barre 

Light & Power Co.).

RECORDS AVAILABLE. August 11, 1920, to September 30, 1921.

GAGE. Inclined staff on right bank, and vertical high-water section on left bank; 

read by Dorothy Badger and Carroll George.

DISCHARGE MEASUREMENrs. Made from cable or by wading.

CHANNEL AND CONTROL. Bed covered with gravel and alluvial deposits. Control is 

well defined at head of Mollys Falls; probably permanent.

EXTREMES OF DISCHARGE. Maximum stage recorded during period of records, 5.3 

feet at 5 p. m. March 21 (discharge by extension of rating curve, 500 secondfeet); minimum stage, 1.12 feet at 7.15 a. m. September 15, 1921 (discharge by 

extension of rating curve, 2.2 second-feet).

ICE. Ice forms at the gage, and on rocks at the control; stage-discharge relation 

somewhat affected.

REGULATION. Storage in Peachem Pond has some effect on the distribution of flow.

ACCURACY. Stage-discharge relation probably permanent, except when affected by 

ice. Rating curve well defined between 5 and 250 second-feet. Gage read to 

hundredths twice daily. Daily discharge ascertained by applying mean daily 

gage height to rating table, with corrections for effect of ice during winter. Records excellent.
100 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1921, PART IV.

Discharge measurements of Mollys Brook near Marshfield, Vt. t during 1920-tl.

Date.

1920. 

Aug. 12

Sept. 5

16

Oct. 16

Dec. 24

1921. 

Feb. 24

Made by 

C. H. Pierce............

.....do.................

.....do.................

Gage 

height

Feet. 

1 99

1.61

2.36

1.92

ol.75

Discharge.

Sec.-ft.

07 9

17.5

63

30.3

41 Q

18.6

Date.

1921. 

Mar. 15

15

17

May 26

26

Made by 

.....do.................

.....do.................

.....do.................

.....do.................

.....do.................

Gage

height.

feet. 

2.81

2.91

3.70

1.68

1.68

1.37

Discharge.

Sec.-ft. 

102

110

221

17.6

17.5

6.1

<* Stage-discharge relation affected by ice.

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Mollys Brook near Marshfield, Vt.,for the years ending

Sept. SO, 1920 and 1921.

Day.

1920. 

1. .............

2..............

3..............

4..............

6..............

6. .............

7..............

8..............

9..............

10..............

Day.

1920-21. 

1..............

2..............

3..............

4..............

5..............

6..............

7..............

8..............

9..............

10..............

11..............

12..............

13..............

14..............

15..............

16..............

17

\ 18..............

19..............

20..............

21..............

22..............

23..............

24..............

25..............

26..............

27..............

28..............

29..............

30..............

31..............

Aug.

Oct.

467

148

90

70

62

55

49

43

41

36

35

32

30

30

36

31

30

28

28

26

26

25

24

19

21

21

22

32

34

26

26

Sep

Nov.

51

43

fiO

41

34

30

31

31

34

54

30

26

24

21

20

19

41

38

28

25

28

29

29

26

24

24

24

24

25

35

t.

39 11

36 12

20 13

15 14

16 15

14 16

53 17

36 18

47 19

51 20

Dec.

35

70

AQ

32

107

118

81

CQ

55

51

61

49

53

88

9 cc

78

65

70

EC

48

53

49

42

38

26

90

26

9Q

28

26

Day

1920

Jan.

26

49

41

36

35

35

29

28

9Q

28

28

90

40

36

29

93

23

99

94

24

93

22

21

23

93

22

01

.

Feb.

19

9fi

91

22

19

19

21

1Q

18

18

17

17

17

17

16

18

28

20

18

17

17

18

17

16

17

16

17

16

Aug.

49

38

22

35

92

269

76

45

31

24

Mar.

22

20

28

25

24

38

64

122

229

129

110

93

114

112

307

194

121

104

149

418

283

161

134

229

203

173

200

191

135

Sept.

5

3

40

25

7

6

6

9

5

Apr.

169

108

09

82

78

74

67

63

70

65

59

51

47

43

AK.

52

72

72

60

47

49

63

51

72

53

AR

42

38

7 21.

8 22.

1 23.

0 24.

9 25.

5 26.

7 27.

4 28.

8 29.

7 30.

31.

May.

35

30

29

27

25

23

99

23

24

21

90

19

9Q

21

19

17

16

16

17

18

97

18

18

18

15

14

iq

12

Day.

1920.

June.

13

14

19

19

14

12

10

9.2

15

32

22

28

IQ

19

10

8.3

8.0

7.4

6.8

6.8

6.6

6.3

6.1

5.9

10

25

20

17

*

July.

15

12

10

8.6

20

18

16

21

16

25

19

5.4

4.5

17

7.7

4.5

4.5

4.7

14

10

4.7

4 9

3.4

3.3

6.8

1 Q

8.6

21

19

10

Aug.

24

25

51

30

23

20

19

16

16

24

20

Aug.

15

7.4

6.3

4.9

4.3

3.7

3.3

25

8.0

4.7

4.2

36

18

19

13

8.0

5.9

24

22

12

17

9.2

6.8

6.3

5.2

4.5

4 9

3.9

3.6

3.3

3.3

Sept.

47

41

35

. 34

29

26

25

33

54

76

Sept.

5.9

4.9

4.5

4.0

3.4

3.0

2.9

2.4

2.4

2.6

3.3

3.4

2.6

2.6

4.2

3.1

3.3

3.0

2.8

3.1

4.3

3.4

3.0

6.3

4 9

2.9

2.8

2.6

NOTE. Discharge, Dec. 27 to Jan. 3, Jan.45, and Jan. 19 to Mar. 7 determined from gage heights corrected 

for effect of ice.
STREAMS TRIBUTARY TO ST. LAWRENCE RIVER. 101

Monthly discharge of Mollys Brook near Marshfield, Vt.,for years ending Sept. 30, 1920

and 1921.

[Drainage area, 24 square miles.]

Month.

1920.

September.....................................

1920-21.

May...........................................

July...........................................

Discharge in second-feet.

Maximum..

269

401

467 

69 

256 

49 

28 

418 

169 

35 

32 

25 

36 

6.3

467

Minimum.

16 

14

19 

19 

26 

18 

16 

20 

38 

12 

5.9 

3.3 

3.3 

2.4

2.4

Mean.

45.2 

63.1

53.0 

31.9 

62.8 

28.5 

18.4 

138 

65.6 

20.7 

13.6 

11.3 

9.84 

3.44

38.3

Per 

square 

mile.

1.88 

2.63

2.21 

1.33 

2.62 

1.19 

.767 

5.75 

2.73 

.862 

.567 

.471 

.410 

.143

1.60

Run-off 

in inches.

1.47 

2.93

2.55 

1.48 

3.02 

1.37 

.80 

6.63 

3.05 

.99 

.63 

.54 

.47 

.16

21.69

JAIL BROOK AT EAST BARRE, VT.

LOCATION. At ruins of old dam one-fourth mile above highway bridge in village of 

East Barre, Washington County.

DRAINAGE AREA. 38 square miles (approximate), including 13 square miles tributary 

to Orange Brook reservoir. (See '' Diversions ").

RECORDS AVAILABLE. August 14, 1920, to September 30, 1921.

GAGE. Inclined staff on left bank; read by George J. Dobbs.

DISCHARGE MEASUREMENTS. Made from cable or by wading.

CHANNEL AND CONTROL. Bed covered with rocks and .boulders. Control formed by 

rocks near gage; probably permanent.

EXTREMES OP DISCHARGE. Maximum stage recorded during period of records, 7.9 

feet at 7 a. m. October 1 (discharge, by extension of rating curve, 1,260 secondfeet) ; minimum stage, 2.45 feet at 7 a. m. and 4 p. m. September 11, 1921 (discharge, by extension of rating curve, 0.5 second-foot).

ICE. Ice forms at the gage, and on rocks at the control; stage-discharge relation 

somewhat affected.

DIVERSIONS. Water is diverted from about 13 square miles tributary to Orange 

Brook reservoir, and used for municipal supply of Barre. No records available 

as to quantity diverted or amount wasted back into Jail Brook.

ACCURACY. Stage-discharge relation probably permanent except when affected by 

ice. Rating curve well denned between 1 and 60 second-feet, and by measurements at 859 and 873 second-feet. Gage read to hundredths twice daily. Daily 

discharge ascertained by applying mean daily gage height to rating table with 

corrections for effect of ice during winter. Records good.
102 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1931, PART IV.

Discharge measurements of Jail Brook at East Barre, Vt., during 1920-21.

Date.

1920.

19

16

Oct. 16

Made by 

.....do..................

Gage 

height.

Feet.

2 Q1

2.70

3 in

3.02

Discharge.

Sec.-ft. 

8.0

4.2

^ n

15.0

11.8

,

Date.

1921. 

Feb. 23

Mar. 16

16

Made by 

.....do..................

.....do..................

.....do..................

Gage 

height.

Feet. 

o3.20

6.55

6.63

2.60

Discharge.

Sec.-ft. 

13.7

859

873

1.3

o Stage-discharge relation affected by ice.

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Jail Brook at East Barre, Vt., for the years ending

Sept. SO, 1920 and 1921.

Day.

1920. 

1. .............

2..............

3..............

4..............

5..............

6..............

7..............

8..............

9..............

10..............

Day.

1920-21. 

1........ ......

2..............

3..............

4..............

5..............

6..............

7..............

8..............

9..............

10..............

11..............

12..............

13..............

14..............

15..............

16..............

17..............

18..............

19..............

20..............

21..............

22..............

23..............

24..............

25... ...........

26..............

27..............

28..............

29..............

30..............

31..............

Aug.

Oct.

855

127

, 53

37

42

28

25

22

18

17

16

15

13

20

17

16

19

15

11

14

15

12

8

14

13

13

53

28

24

13

Sep

3

2

3

2

13

20

13

1C

Nov.

41

45

89

57

30

28

20

25

33

71

28

25

21

19

23

20

41

67

45

41

45

86

127

188

127

71

47

30

37

110

t .

.0 11

! 7 19

.6 13

.4 16

18

I 1Q

20

Dec.

50

310

138

92

250

212

116

77

71

77

71

225

650

225

116

71

63

57

67

67

60

60

60

53

53

53

47

Day

1920

Jan.

47 60

80

60

35

33

25

23

23

20

20

20

20

47

125

75

35

20

17

15

15

17

15

15

13

13

11

11

11

Feb.

10

10

10

10

10

9

9

9

9

9

8

8

8

8

8

90

65

23

18

16

14

11

11

13

Aug.

8.0

12

30

7.4

4.6

4.2

3.0

Mar.

105

90

394

660

200

150

635

295

825

370

340

515

340

400

795

430

295

116

475

870

465

280

250

705

355

530

310

205

Sept

3

3

13

7

2

2

2

1

9

3

Apr.

385

162

150

123

116

110

103

89

116

116

81

74

67

67

89

106

187

170

123

81

67

98

81

355

138

86

71

54

54

74

1 21.

0 22.

4 23.

7 24.

9 25.

1 v26.

8 27.

3 28.

1 29.

3 30.

31.

May.

74

50

41

41

30

20

18

18

20

15

14

12

19

25

25

20

15

14

11

11

10

8.6

28

13

9.5

23

13

9.5

8.6

8.0

6.5

Day.

1920.

June.

11

10

5.6

9.5

8.0

5.0

5.6

4.0

3.0

3.0

4.6

8.6

8.0

15

13

6.5

4.6

4.0

4.0

3.0

4.0

2.1

1.6

1.3

1.6

1.2

1.2

6.5

6.5

5.6

July.

4.0

3.4

3.4

1.6

1.6

1.3

1.2

1.0

1.2

1.0

3.0

3.0

2.1

1.3

20

8.6

4.0

3.0

26

98

18

9.5

5.0

3.0

2.1

2.1

1.6

2.1

54

35

9.5

Aug.

2.7

2.8

7.4

4.4

2.8

2.1

 2.0

2.0

2.1

2.0

4.0

Aug.

6.5

6.5

2.7

2.1

1.3

2.1

1.2

3.4

4.6

4.0

2.1

103

23

12

9.5

5.6

3.4

16

47

35

35

14

10

8.0

3.0

2.7

2.1

2.1

1.3

1.3

1.3

Sept.

17

11

12

8.6

7.4

6.5

7.4

fi 1

13

28

Sept.

1.3

1.2

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.2

1.2

1.0

.7

.7

.5

1.0

1.2

1.0

1.3

2.1

2.1

2.1

1.3

2.7

1.6

2.1

1.6

1.3

1.3

2.7

3.0

1.6

1.3

4.0

NOTE. Discharge, Dec. 20 to Mar. 2, determined from gage heights corrected for effect of ice.
STREAMS TRIBUTARY TO ST. LAWRENCE KIYER. 108

Monthly discharge, in sec&nd-feet, of Jail Brook at East Bane, 'Vt., for the years ending

Sept. SO, 1920 and 1921.

Month.

1920 

August 14-31 .......................................................

September... ..................................................... j.

1920-21.

December ..........................................................

April... ............................................................

May................................................................

July................................................................

August .............................................................

Maximum,

30

134

855

188

650

125

90

870

385

74

15

98

103

2.7

870

Minimum.

2.0

2.4

8

19

47

11

8

90

54

6.5

1.2

1.0

1.3

.5

.5

Mean.

5.75

22.6

51.3

54.6

132

30.5

15.9

412

120

20.3

5.50

10.7

12.0

1.54

72.9

LAMOILLE RIVER AT CADYS FALLS, VT.

LOCATION. One-fourth mile below power house of M&rrisville municipal electric 

plant, at point formerly known as Cadys Falls, 2 miles downstream from 

Morrisville, Lamoille County.

DRAINAGE AREA. 280 square miles.

RECORDS AVAILABLE. September 4, 1913, to September 30, 1921.

GAGES. Friez water-stage recorder in gage house on right bank, one-fourth mile 

below highway bridge at Cadys Falls. Gage heights are referred to gage datum 

by means of a hook gage inside well; an outside staff gage is used for auxiliary 

readings. Recorder inspected by N. E. Cobleigh.

DISCHARGE MEASUREMENTS. Made, from a cable or by wading.

CHANNEL AND CONTROL. Bed composed of smooth gravel; well denned gravel control 500 feet downstream from gage.

EXTREMES OF DISCHARGE. Maximum stage during year from water-stage recorder, 

11.63 feet at 7.30 a. m. October 1 (discharge from extension of rating curve, 8,730 

second-feet); minimum stage from water-stage recorder, 1.48 feet at 6 a. m. September 15, 16, and 18 when water was held back by dam (discharge from extension of rating curve, 9 second-feet).

1913-1921: Maximum stage recorded October 1,1920; minimum stage, 1.39 feet. 

August 6, 1919 (discharge from extension of rating curve, 5 second-feet; water 

held back by dam).

ICE. River freezes over during extremely cold weather; stage-discharge relation 

probably not seriously affected by ice during winter of 1920-21.

ACCURACY. Stage-discharge relation practically permanent, except when affected 

by ice. Rating curve well defined. Operation of water-stage recorder satisfactory except for short periods mentioned in footnote to daily-discharge table. 

Daily discharge ascertained by discharge integrator. Records excellent.
104 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1921, PART IV.

Duly discharge, in second-feet, of Lamoille River at Cadys Falls, Vt.,for the year ending

Sept. SO, 1921.

Day.

1..............

2..............

3..............

4..............

5..............

6..............

7..............

8..............

9..............

10..............

11..............

12..............

13..............

14..............

15..............

16..............

17..............

18..............

19..............

20..............

21..............

22..............

23..............

24..............

25..............

28...........

27..............

28..............

29..............

30..............

31..............

Oct.

5,750

1,520

740

630

500

420

355

315

255

230

245

210

220

182

192

210

180

220

198

176

182

225

205

142

205

190

182

305

405

355

285

Nov.

475

530

1,120

770

580

510

420

410

420

560

460

390

350

305

320

280

410

520

420

365

qnn

330

320

325

290

283

979

244

265

95H

Dec.

230

990

700 . 530

1,220

2,180

1.140

780

630

540

530

510

450

1,130

2,910

1,360

910

720

610

ecfl

iwv

385

465

455

355

275 <H *

330

415

370

380

Jan.

350

405

600

510

440

49<;

410

395

350

340

q^A

340

395

435

360

S3A

355

345

OOrt

360

370

350

350

OOA

305

QAE

245

305

Feb.

325

300

255

225

200

170

290

285

.205

154

132

122

138

136

130

205

315

265

91 ^

210

166

166

160

168

150

110 ten

Mar.

148

305

425

520

420

390

600

680

2,000

2,500

1,560

1,560

2,000

1,600

1,520

3,300

2,300

1,500

980

i win

4 450

3*350

1,720

1,340

2,550

2,350

1,750

2,200

1 QA(\

1,260

1,120

Apr.

1,760

1,120

900

810

730

650

620

560

560

600

480

425

380

380

360

420

730

760

710

530

440

850

800

1,400

900

660

530

435

one

^AC\

May.

310

280

265

260

235

225

220

146

162

250

156

118

136

126

71

104

110

120

140

126

130

110

280

195

168

162 180

156

116

114

130

June.

255

200

160

235

162

160

152

128

128

114

142

225

210

190

180

152

132

126

80

116

114

102

%

94

104

72

72

64

64

78

July.

90

68

62

62

73

66

57

62

56

40

102

116

87

86

80

92

65

82

82

68

118

inn

95

70

86

82

86

68

120

110

61

Aug.

100

96

82

92

106

100

58

85

92

100

89

122

152

100

88

126

122

104

104

166

110

150

106

88

94

140

130

42

120

108

126

Sept.

140

154

136

87

130

158

102

106

100

118

54

03

102

114

73

80

100

48

110

104

112

78

82

80

48

130

138

136

128

112

NOTE. Discharge, Jan. 26-28, determined from gage heights corrected for effect of ice. Water-stage 

recorder not in operation Nov. 26-30, Apr. 23-25, and Sept. 24-26; discharge estimated by comparison witn 

records of flow of other rivers,

Monthly discharge of Lamoille River at Cadys Falls, Vt.,for the year ending Sept. 30,1921. 

[Drainage area, 280 square miles. ]

Month.

October.......................................

February......................................

April..........................................

June...........................................

July...........................................

Discharge in second-feet.

Maximum.

5,750 

1,120 

2,940 

600 

325 

4,450 

1.760 

310 

255 

120 

166 

154

5,750

Minimum.

142 

244 

230 

245 

110 

148 

340 

71 

64 

40 

42 

48

40

Mean.

498 

117 

739 

369 

196 

1,620 

674 

171 

137 

80.4 

106 

105

429

Per

square 

mile.

1.78 

1.49 

2.64 

1.32 

.700 

5.79 

2.41 

.611 

.489 

.287 

.379 

.375

1.53

Run-off 

in inches.

2.05 

1.66 

3.04 

1.52 

.73 

6.68 

2.69 

.70 

.55 

.33 

.44 

.42

20.81
STREAMS TRIBUTARY TO ST. LAWRENCE RIVER. 105

GREEN RIVER AT GARFIELD, VT.

LOCATION. At site of old dam above highway bridge at Garfield village, town of 

Hyde Park, Lamoille County. Green River is tributary to Lamoille River, 4 

miles east of Morrisville.

DRAINAGE AREA. 20 square miles (roughly approximate).

RECORDS AVAILABLE. January 3, 1915, to March 16, 1921.

GAGE. Inclined staff on left bank in pool back of weir; read by P. M. Trescott.

DISCHARGE MEASUREMENTS. Standard sharp-crested weir of compound section; 

length of crest at gage height 0.00 is 9.0 feet; at gage height 0.83 foot, length of 

crest is increased 11.17 feet. Current-meter measurements made at footbridge 

about half a mile downstream from weir and at old bridge about half a mile above 

weir.

CHANNEL AND CONTROL. A pool of considerable size is formed in the olfl mill pond

back of the weir; at ordinary stages the velocity of approach

small. Some.water leaks around the weir in the old tailrace on left bank.

EXTREMES OP DISCHARGE. Maximum stage recorded, October

16, 1921, 2.19 feet at 9 a. m; October 2 (discharge, 162 secorid-feet); minimum 

stage, 0.40 foot at 9 a. m. and 5 p. m. February 15, and 9 a. m. February 16 (discharge, 7.7 second-feet). 

1915-1921: Maximum stage determined from high-water marks, 4.63 feet on

April 12, 1919 (discharge from extension of rating curve, 710 

mum stage recorded, 0.20 foot August 8 and 9, 1920 (discharg

ICE. Weir and weir crest kept clear of ice during winter; stago-discharge relation 

not affected by ice.

REGULATION. An old timber dam about 2 miles upstream affects flow to some extent. 

The dam leaks by an amount somewhat greater than the low-water flow. During 

prolonged low stages the surface of water in pond (103 acres) falls below crest 

of dam; subsequent increased flow into pond is retained until water again flows

over crest, when the increased flow is apparent at gaging stai ion.

ACCURACY. Weir destroyed by logs I4arch 17, 1921; before that ( ate stage-discharge

relation was practically permanent. Rating curve based

Q=3.33 LHs/2, with corrections determined from current-mister measurements,

and with logarithmic extension above gage height 1.90 feet.

dredths twice daily. Daily discharge ascertained by applying mean daily gage

height to rating table. Records good below 130 second-feet; 

the weir is flooded and results are somewhat uncertain.

at the higher stages

Discharge measurements of Green River at Garfield, Vt., during the year ending Sept. SO,

-*n/a *

Date.

May 25

25

Made by 

J. L. Lamsono.. .......................... __ ........................

.....do.6...............................................................

Gage 

height.

Feet. 

0.39

.39

Discharge.

Sec.-ft. 

16.0

18.0

a Made at old bridge about half a mile above gage. 

6 Made at footbridge half a mile below gage.

NOTE. Weir damaged by ice and logs on Mar. 17.

to the weir is very

1, 1920, to March

second-feet); minie, 2.7 second-feet).

on weir formula,

Gage read to hun-
106 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1921, PART IV.

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Green River at Garfteld, Vt.,/or the period Oct. 1, 1920,

to Mar. 16, 1921.

Day.

1. .........

2..........

3..........

4..........

5..........

6..........

7..........

8..........

9..........

10..........

11..........

12..........

13..........

14..........

15..........

Oct.

112

155

110

79

60

00

30

23

19

12

10

9.0

8.4

9.0

Nov.

26

30

47

.51

47

41

30

29

31

31

28

22

10

Dec.

16

37

40

37

44

92

82

78

54

42

36

30

40

Jan.

15

16

10

18

IS

IS

17

16

15

13

12

19

14

Feb.

9.0

9.0

8.7

8.7

8.7

8.4

8.0

8.0

8.0

8.0

7.7

Mar.

12

10

12

19

16

27

40

86

86

QO

Day.

16..........

17......... .

1 18..........

19..........

20. .........

22..........

23..........

25. .........

26..........

27. .........

29..........

30. .........

31..........

Oct.

9.0

9.0

8.7

8.4

9.7

10

9.0

9.0

8.4

12

18

19

19

18

Nov.

18

21

24

23

22

20

18

17

16

16

16

15

15

14

Dec.

92

84

68.

53

46

40

33

30

27

22

19

18

17

16

16

16

Jan.

14

13

13

12

13

12

12

12

12

11

11

10

10

9.3

Feb.

8.0

9.7

10

10

10

9.7

9.7

9.3

9.3

9.3

9.0

9.0

9.0

Mar.

128

Monthly discharge, in second-feet, of Green River at Garfield, Vt., for the period Oct. 1,

1920, to Mar. 16, 1921.

Month.

February. ..........................................................

March 1-16.... .....................................................

Maximum.

155

51

92

18

10

128

Minimum.

8.4

14

16

9.3

7.7

10

Mean.

28.2

25.5

44.1

13.6

8.85

42.7

MISSISQTTOI RIVER NEAR RICHFORD, VT.

LOCATION. 3 miles downstream from Richfosd, Franklin County, 3 miles below 

mouth of North Branch, and 2 miles above mouth of Trout River.

DRAINAGE AREA. 445 square miles.

RECORDS AVAILABLE. May 22, 1909, to December 3, 1910, and June 26, 1911, to 

September 30, 1921.

GAGE. Gurley water-stage recorder on left bank, about one-fourth mile above highway bridge; inspected by Harry Jenne. Chain gage on highway bridge used 

from June 26, 1911, to July 31, 1915. From May 22, 1909, to December'3, 1910, 

gage was just below plant of the Sweat-Comings Co. in Richford.

DISCHARGE MEASUREMENTS. Made from highway bridge or by wading.

CHANNEL AND CONTROL. Channel deep, banks not subject to overflow; stream bed 

composed of gravel, boulders, and ledge rock. Control is sharply defined by rock 

outcrop about 100 feet below gage.

EXTREMES OF DISCHARGE. Maximum stage during year from water-stage recorder, 

11.13 feet at noon, October 1 (discharge, 8,170 second-feet); minimum stage from 

water-stage recorder, 1.89 feet at 4.15 p. m. September 14 (discharge, 15 secondfeet; water held back by dams).

1911-1921: Maximum discharge about 10,200 second-feet on March 26, 1913; 

minimum discharge, about 8 second-feet on July 14, 1911, when water was held 

back by dams.

ICE. Stage-discharge relation usually affected by ice, from December to March; 

discharge determined from gage heights corrected for effect of ice by means of 

current-meter measurements, observer's notes, and weather records.
STEEAMS TRIBUTARY TO ST. LAWRENCE RIVER. 107

REGULATION. Considerable daily fluctuation at low stages caused by operation of 

power plants at Richford. , ACCURACY. Stage-discharge relation practically permanent except when affected by 

ice. Rating curve fairly well denned below 6,000 second-feet. Gage house 

wrecked by ice March 8, 1921, and rebuilt June 14; operation of water-stage recorder satisfactory during remainder of the year. Daily discharge'ascertained by 

applying to rating table mean daily gage height determined by inspection of 

recorder graph, with corrections for effect of ice during winter. Records good for 

open-water periods, and fair for winter.

Discharge measurements of Missisquoi River near Richford, Vt., during the year ending

Sept. 30,

Date. Made by 

.....do.................

Gage 

height.

Feet. 

o5.02

3.04

Discharge.

Sec.-ft. 

687

284

Date.

Sept. 9

9

Made by Gage 

height.

Feet. 

1.94

1.90

Discharge.

Sec.-ft 

20.4

15.9

a Stage-discharge relation affected by ice.

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Missisquoi River near Richford, Vt.,for the year ending

Sept. 30, 1921.

Day.

1..............

2..............

3..............

4... ...........

5..............

6..............

7..............

8..............

9..............

10..............

11..............

12..............

13..............

14..............

15..............

16..............

17..............

18..............

19.............

20........'......

21..............

22.............

23..............

24.............

25..............

26.............

27......... .

28. ............

29..............

30. .............

31..............

Oct.

6,240

2,690

Qft(\

I

770

662

575

Cfift

451

307

314

307

Oftfi

300

97Q

OCl

244

979

289

289

qqi

296

907

331

w»

555

cnc

,4.4.9

Nov.

*571

830

1,970

1 '^Aft

1,170

Q9^

800

860

1,030

674

ftKA

fil ^

KQC

*vi1

770

1,280

960

770

cnr

550

«Aft

630

595

Ken

CA1

CO?

500

4»7

Dec.

Kfift

2,740

1,970

1,280

3,060

5,160

3,720

2

AOA

1,520

1,100

Q£A

995

1,030

5 400

A 97ft

2,340

1,640

1,280

1 060

QOK

710

QQ*.

OAK

Afift

00/1

1 000

1 000 '920

Jan.

son

1,050

1,650

i i *\n

740

650

600

KEA

580

650

770

680

600

530

CQft

EQA

550

680

650

600

ecft

CQft

cnn

cfin

Feb.

AQ(\

460

420

460

Kf\f\

Kf\f\

460

420

Af\{\

QQft

400

oon

OCA.

EfWI

arm

cnn

AA(\

380

00ft.

300

280

300

Mar.

350

380

Qfin

960

920

960

1,050

1

QAA

Apr. May. June.

265

209

157

140

132

107

100

115

97

92

84

79

79

70

160

July.

132

125

84

92

90

82

80

66

58

66

82

80

55

75

125

107

86

130

110

152

233

206

152

1AE

QH

56

55

55

55

55

Aug.

60

58

58

58

54

50

42

53

47

45

37

60

61

63

165

145

157

132

145

170

165

160

110

90

84

70

58

66

63

61

Sept.

58

58

58

58

50

52

55

50

52

42

50

55

58

45

66

61

63

56

64

60

53

48

61

61

63

60

88

68

68

NOTE. Discharge, Dee. 25 to Mar. 8, determined from gage heights corrected for effect of ice.
108 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1921, PART IV.

Monthly discharge of Mistisquoi River near Richford, Vt,,for the year ending Sept..SO, 1921. 

[Drainage area, 445 square miles.]

Month.

July...........................................

Discharge in second-feet.

Maximum.

6,480 

2.200 

5,400 

1,650 

700 

1,300 

265 

233 

170 

88

Minimum.

237 

487 

560 

500 

260 

350 

70 

55 

37 

42

Mean.

887 

856 

1,770 

698 

420 

848 

133 

97.9 

85.5 

57.5

Per

square 

mile.

1.99 

1.92 

3.98 

1.57 

.944 

1.91 

.299 

.220 

.192 

.129

Run-off 

in inches.

2.29 

2.14 

4.59 

1.81 

.98 

.57 

.19 

.25 

.22 

.14

CLYDE RIVER AT WEST DERBY (NEWPORT), VT.

LOCATION. Just below plant of Newport Electric Light Co. at West Derby (New 

port), Orleans County, 1 mile above mouth of river.

DRAINAGE AREA. 150 square miles.

RECORDS AVAILABLE. May 25, 1909, to September 30, 1919, and May 24, 1920, to 

September 30,1921.

GAGES. Water-stage recorder on right bank; referenced to gage datum by a hook 

gage inside the well; chain gage fastened to tree is used for auxiliary readings. 

Recorder inspected by F. R. Sherwell.

DISCHARGE MEASUREMENTS. Made by wading near gage or from highway bridge 

half a mile downstream.

CHANNEL AND CONTROL. Stream bed rough and irregular; covered with boulders 

and ledge rock; fall of river rapid for some distance below gage.

EXTREMES OF DISCHARGE. Maximum stage during year from water-stage recorder, 

3.67 feet at 12.40 a. m. March 30 (discharge, 1,250 second-feet); minimum stage 

from water-stage recorder, 1.12 feet at 1 a. m. September 28 (discharge practically 

nil; water held back by dams).

1909-1921: High water of March 25-30,1913, reached maximum stage of 5.8 feet, 

as determined from high-water marks (discharge, about 6,300 second-feet); 

minimum stage 1.12 feet at 1 a. m. September 28,1921 (discharge practically nil; 

water held back by dams).

ICE. River usually remains open at control; stage-discharge relation seldom affected.

REGULATION. Flow at ordinary stages fully controlled by two dams at West Derby, 

but power plant is so operated that fluctuations in stage are not great. Distribution of flow affected also by several dams above West Derby. Seymour Lake 

and several small ponds in the basin afford a large amount of natural storage, 

but at the present time there is little if any artificial regulation at these ponds.

ACCURACY. Stage-discharge relation practically permanent; not affected by ice 

during winter of 1920-21. Individual current-meter measurements occasionally 

plot erratically, probably because of rough measuring section. Rating curve 

fairly well defined. Operation of water-stage recorder satisfactory throughout 

the year except for days indicated in footnote to daily-dischargee table. Daily 

discharge ascertained by applying mean daily gage heights to rating table. 

Records good.
STEEAMS TRIBUTARY TO ST. LAWRENCE RIVER. 109

Discharge measurements of -Clyde River at West Derby (Newport), Vt., during the year

ending Sept. 30,1921.

[Made by J. L. Lamson.]

Date.

Jan. 7........ .......................................................................

Gage 

height.

Feet. 

2.60

2.24

Discharge.

Sec.-ft. 

280

130

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Clyde River at West Derby (Newport), Vt.,for the year

ending Sept. SO, 1921.

Day.

1. .............

2..............

3..............

4..............

5..............

6..............

7..............

8..............

9..............

10..............

11..............

12..............

13..............

14..............

15..............

16............ .

17..............

18..............

19..............

20..............

21..............

22..............

23..............

24..............

25..............

26..............

27..............

28..............

29..............

30..............

31..............

Oct.

248

498

653

670

632

532

430

380

340

328

264

238

204

IQfi

IQfi

200

209

IQfi

191

204

167

152

145

196

200

191

196

204

145

Nov.

145

200

196

227

243

269

322

328

328

334

322

310

298

218

269

259

269

298

298

304

204

269

222

286

119

187

232

275

196

Dec.

175

156

164

152

156

160

204

360

507

540

498

460

415

430

565

613

632

639

613

532

474

499

007

353

340

292

9Q9

286

292

280

Jan.

286

286

298

304

304

298

292

275

204

196

218

 ton

149

134

Tifi

160

164

167

1 *\A

152

145

164

164

160

160

160

156

164

Feb.

171

167

145

91

69

59

110

149

156

156

156

164

160

128

85

83

160

160

149

107

91

91

119

156

116

58

152

Mar.

141

152

152

110

83

91

182

218

248

540

820

870

890

770

690

720

710

690

639

fMfi

770

son

1,050

1,120

1,050

980

1 060

1 1 f\t\

1 18fl

1,180

1,120

Apr.

1,040

930

890

790

720

646

613

548

532

507

474

452

422

394

374

367

4.1 <;

430

467

4QA

4on

515

515

532

507

507

409

AM

d.99

387

May.

360

322

286

264

248

232

222

218

212

196

191

182

175

167

164

164

160

160

160

167

171

171

171

175

141

110

June.

93

93

102

131

160

145

141

152

152

152

145

134

123

145

107

116

126

123

116

107

128

131

102

102

76

76

74

79

71

July.

62

64

51

55

74

61

59

58

59

55

62

62

62

60

61

59

54

62

61

58

57

57

57

50

58

58

59

60

58

56

50

Aug.

61

59

60

60

60

50

43

53

54

55

55

57

58

53

62

60

60

64

62

57

50

59

61

60

67

60

60

49

58

59

60

Sept.

,59

61

60

60

61

61

60

61

62

59

52

71

64

64

64

64

61

54

71

76

71

64

62

60

53

55

43

33

25

35

NOTE. Water-stage recorder not in operation Dec. 5, 6, May 8, and 9; discharge estimated. 

34897 23 WSP 524 8
110 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY, 1921, PART IV.

of Clyde River at West Derby (Newport), Vt., for the year ending 

Sept. SO, 1921.

[Drainage area, 150 square miles]

Month.

March. . .......................................

April..........................................

May...........................................

June...........................................

Discharge in second-feet.

Maximum.

670 

334 

639 

304 

171 

1,180 

1.040 

360 

160 

74 

67 

76

1,180

Minimum.

145 

119 

152 

134 

58 

83 

367 

110 

71 

50 

43 

25

25

Mean.

283 

254 

376 

202 

126 

675 

544 

195 

117 

58.7 

57.6 

58.2

247

Per

square 

mile.

1.89 

1.69 

2.51 

1.35 

.840 

4.50 

3.63 

1.30 

.780 

.391 

.384 

.388

1.65

Run-off 

in inches.

2.18 

1.89 

2.89 

1.56 

.87 

5.19 

4.05 

1.50 

.87 

.45 

.44 

.43

22.32

MISCELLANEOUS MEASUREMENTS.

Miscellaneous discharge measurements in St. Lawrence River drainage basin during the

year ending Sept. 30, 1921.

Date.

1921.

5

23

23

Feb. 23

Mar. 3

3

Mar. 6

7

7

7

1920.

21

Nov. 3

Dec 9

1921,. 

May 27

1920.

Oct. 14

Nov 20

1921. 

Jan. 27

May 14 July 9

10

Sept. 19

Stream.

.....do.................

.....do.................

.....do.................

.....do.................

.....do.................

.....do..................

.....do..................

.....do.................

.....do.................

.....do.................

.....do.................

.....do.................

.....do.................

.....do.................

.....do.................

.....do.................

.....do.................

.....do.................

.....do.................

GTSSS River

Tributary to 

.....do................

.....do................

.....do................

.....do................

.....do................

.....do................

.....do.................

.....do.................

.....do.................

.....do.................

.....do................

.....do.................

.....do.................

.....do.................

.....do.................

.....do.................

.....do.................

.....do.................

.....do.................

.....do.................

.....do.................

.....do.................

Locality.

.....do......................

.....do......................

.....do......................

.....do......................

.....do......................

.....do......................

.....do.......................

.....do.......................

.....do.......................

.....do.......................

South Greece, N. Y.........

.....do.......................

.....do.......................

.....do.......................

.....do.......................

.....do.......................

N.Y. 

.....do.......................

.....do.......................

.....do.......................

.....do.......................

.....do.......................

.....do.......................

New Bridge, N. Y. .........

Gage 

height.

Feet. 

0.58

.60

.68

.65

.19

.50

.48

1.04

.90

.78

.75

2.745

2.695

2.755

2.673

2.628

2.684

1.68

2.88

2.30

o3.22

2.01

2.43

1.32

-3.96

Discharge.

Sec.-ft. 

Ill

114

124

125

26.4

9087'

310

221

180

173

840

749

944

666

747

693

143

585

362

484

268

423

99

43.9

a Stage-discharge relation affected by ice.
INDEX.

A.

Accuracy of data and results, degrees of...... 4-5

Acre-foot, definition of...................... 2

Amberg, Wis., Pike River at................ 20-22

Appropriations, record pf.................... I

Auburn, N. Y., Owasco Lake outlet near.... 65-67

Ausable River at Ausable Forks, N. Y...... 93-94

West Branch of, near Newman, N. Y.... 91-93

B.

Bad River near Odanah, Wis............... 10-11

Barge Canal at Lock 30, Macedon, N. Y..... 48-49

at Lock 32, Pittsford, N. Y.............. 49-50

at South Greece, N.Y.................... 110

Barton, Mich., Huron River at.............. 43-44

Beaver River at Eagle Falls, near Number

Four, N. Y...................... 79-80

at State dam, near Beaver River, N. Y.. 77-78 

near Croghan, N. Y..................... 110

Beaver River Power Corporation, cooperation

by.............................. 9

Berlin, Wis., Fox River at.................. 25-27

Black Lake Regulating District, cooperation

by.............................. 9

Black River at Watertown, N. Y........... 69-71

near Boonville, N. Y.................... 67-69

Black River canal (flowingsouth) near Boonville, N. Y...................... 73-74

Bolton Landing, N. Y., Lake George near... 95-96 

Boonville, N. Y., Black River canal near.... 73-74

Black River near........................ 67-69

Forestport feeder near................... 71-72

Brasher Center, N. Y., St. Regis River at... 87-88 

Burlington, Vt., Lake Champlain at........ 96-97

C.

Cadys Falls, Vt., Lamoille River at....... 103-104

Canadaway Creek at Laona, N. Y........... 110

Canadice Lake outlet near Hemlock, N. Y... 64-65

Canaseraga Creek at Shakers Crossing, N. Y.. 60-61

near Dansville, N. Y.................... 58-60

Cattaraugus Creek at Versailles, N. Y........ 45-47

Clyde River at West Derby, Vt........... 108-110

Computations, results of, accuracy of........ 4-5

Conesus Creek near Lakeville, N. Y......... 63-64

Control, definition of........................ 2-3

Cooperation, record of....................... 9

Covert, C. C., and assistants, work of........ 10

Crivitz, Wis., Peshtigo River at High Falls,

near............................. 22-33

Croghan, N. Y., Beaver River near.......... 110

Current meters, Price, plate showing........ 2

D.

DansviUe, N. Y., Canaseraga Creek near..... 58-60

Data, accuracy of........................... 4-5

explanation of.......................... 3-4

E.

East Barre, Vt., Jail Brook at............. 101-103

Embarrass River near Embarrass, Wis...... 32-33

Page. 

Flat Rock, Mich., Huron River at........... 44-45

Florence, Wis., Pine River near............. 19-20

Forestport feeder near Boonville, N. Y...... 71-72

Fox River at Berlin, Wis................... 25-27

at Eapide Croche dam, near Wrightstown, Wis....................... 27-28

Freeland, Mich., Tittabawassee River at.... 42-43

Friez water-stage recorder, plate showing.... 3

G.

Gaging station, typical, plate showing....... 2

Garfleld, Vt., Green River at.............. 105-106

Genesee River at Driving Park Avenue,

Rochester, N.Y................. 56-58

at Jones Bridge, near Mount Morris,

N. Y............................ 54-55

at St. Helena, N.Y..................... 52-54

at Scio, N. Y............................ 50-52

Gile, Wis., West Branch of Montreal River at. 14-15 

Gillett, Wis., Oconto River near............ 24-25

Grass River at New Bridge, N. Y........... 110

Green River at Garfield, Vt............... 105-106

Grosbach, H. E., work of.................... 9

Gurley printing water-stage recorder, plate

showing......................... 3

H.

Harrisville, N. Y., West Branch of Oswegatchie River near.............. 83-84

Harvey, 111., Little Calumet River at........ 40-42

Hemlock, N. Y., Canadice Lake outlet near.. 64-65 

Heuvelton, N. Y., Oswegatchie River near.. 81-83 

Horton, A. H., work of...................... 9

Huron River at Barton, Mich............... 43-44

at Flat Rock, Mich...................... 44-45

I. 

Illinois, cooperation by...................... 9

International Paper Co., cooperation by..... 9 

Iron Mountain, Mich., Menominee River near. 15-17 

Ironwood, Mich., Montreal River at......... 12-13

J. 

Jail Brook at East Barre, Vt.............. 101-103

K.

Keshena, Wis., Wolf River at............... 28-30

Keshequa Creek at Craig Colony, Sonyea,

N.Y............................ 61-63

Koss, Mich., Menominee River below....... 17-18

L.

Lake Champlain at Burlington, Vt.......... 96-97

Lake Erie, streams tributary to............. 43-47

Lake George at Glen Island, near Bolton

Landing, N.Y.................. 95-96

at Rogers Rock, N. Y................... 95

Lake Huron, stream tributary to............ 42-43

Lake Michigan, streams tributary to........ 15-42

Lake Ontario, streams tributary to.......... 47-80

111