U.S. GOVERNMENT PUBLISHING OFFICE

28–095 WASHINGTON : 2018

S. HRG. 115–338 

CAPUANO AND PETTY NOMINATIONS 

HEARING 

BEFORE THE 

COMMITTEE ON 

ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES 

UNITED STATES SENATE 

ONE HUNDRED FIFTEENTH CONGRESS 

FIRST SESSION 

TO

CONSIDER THE NOMINATIONS OF DR. LINDA A. CAPUANO TO BE 

ADMINISTRATOR OF THE ENERGY INFORMATION ADMINISTRATION, 

DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY; AND DR. TIMOTHY R. PETTY TO BE AN 

ASSISTANT SECRETARY OF THE INTERIOR 

DECEMBER 5, 2017 

( 

Printed for the use of the 

Committee on Energy and Natural Resources 

Available via the World Wide Web: http://www.govinfo.gov 
(II) 

COMMITTEE ON ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES 

LISA MURKOWSKI, Alaska, Chairman 

JOHN BARRASSO, Wyoming 

JAMES E. RISCH, Idaho 

MIKE LEE, Utah 

JEFF FLAKE, Arizona 

STEVE DAINES, Montana 

CORY GARDNER, Colorado 

LAMAR ALEXANDER, Tennessee 

JOHN HOEVEN, North Dakota 

BILL CASSIDY, Louisiana 

ROB PORTMAN, Ohio 

LUTHER STRANGE, Alabama 

MARIA CANTWELL, Washington 

RON WYDEN, Oregon 

BERNARD SANDERS, Vermont 

DEBBIE STABENOW, Michigan 

AL FRANKEN, Minnesota 

JOE MANCHIN III, West Virginia 

MARTIN HEINRICH, New Mexico 

MAZIE K. HIRONO, Hawaii 

ANGUS S. KING, JR., Maine 

TAMMY DUCKWORTH, Illinois 

CATHERINE CORTEZ MASTO, Nevada 

BRIAN HUGHES, Staff Director 

PATRICK J. MCCORMICK III, Chief Counsel 

KELLIE DONNELLY, Deputy Chief Counsel 

ANGELA BECKER-DIPPMANN, Democratic Staff Director 

SAM E. FOWLER, Democratic Chief Counsel 
(III) 

C O N T E N T S 

OPENING STATEMENTS 

Page 

Murkowski, Hon. Lisa, Chairman and a U.S. Senator from Alaska ................... 1 

Cantwell, Hon. Maria, Ranking Member and a U.S. Senator from Washington .................................................................................................................... 2 

Risch, Hon. James E., a U.S. Senator from Idaho ................................................ 3 

WITNESSES 

Petty, Dr. Timothy R., nominated to be an Assistant Secretary of the Interior ......................................................................................................................... 15 

Capuano, Dr. Linda A., nominated to be Administrator of the Energy Information Administration ........................................................................................ 21 

ALPHABETICAL LISTING AND APPENDIX MATERIAL SUBMITTED 

Adams, Dr. Barbara: 

Letter for the Record ........................................................................................ 57 

Cahill, Dr. Catherine F.: 

Letter for the Record ........................................................................................ 5 

California Waterfowl Association and Delta Waterfowl: 

Letter for the Record ........................................................................................ 6 

Cantwell, Hon. Maria: 

Opening Statement ........................................................................................... 2 

Capuano, Dr. Linda A.: 

Opening Statement ........................................................................................... 21 

Written Testimony ............................................................................................ 22 

Responses to Questions for the Record ........................................................... 52 

Family Farm Alliance: 

Letter for the Record ........................................................................................ 7 

Idaho Water Users Association, Inc.: 

Letter for the Record ........................................................................................ 9 

Kempthorne, Hon. Dirk: 

Letter for the Record ........................................................................................ 58 

Murkowski, Hon. Lisa: 

Opening Statement ........................................................................................... 1 

National Water Resources Association: 

Letter for the Record ........................................................................................ 11 

Pacific Northwest Waterways Association: 

Letter for the Record ........................................................................................ 59 

Petty, Dr. Timothy R.: 

Opening Statement ........................................................................................... 15 

Written Testimony ............................................................................................ 18 

Responses to Questions for the Record ........................................................... 42 

Public Lands Council and the National Cattlemen’s Beef Association: 

Letter for the Record ........................................................................................ 12 

Risch, Hon. James E.: 

Opening Statement ........................................................................................... 3 

Tehama-Colusa Canal Authority: 

Letter for the Record ........................................................................................ 13 

USGS Coalition: 

Letter for the Record ........................................................................................ 60 

(1) 

CAPUANO AND PETTY NOMINATIONS 

TUESDAY, DECEMBER 5, 2017 

U.S. SENATE, COMMITTEE ON ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES, Washington, DC. 

The Committee met, pursuant to notice, at 10:08 a.m. in Room 

SD–366, Dirksen Senate Office Building, Hon. Lisa Murkowski, 

Chairman of the Committee, presiding. 

OPENING STATEMENT OF HON. LISA MURKOWSKI, 

U.S. SENATOR FROM ALASKA 

The CHAIRMAN. Good morning, welcome everyone. 

The Committee will come to order. 

We are here to consider two nominations this morning: Dr. Linda 

Capuano, to be the Administrator of the Energy Information Administration (EIA), and Dr. Timothy Petty, to be Assistant Secretary of the Interior for Water and Science. 

Dr. Petty is a friend. He is a trusted advisor to many of us. We 

have benefited from his expertise on both water and science issues 

for quite some time. He is Senator Risch’s Deputy Legislative Director. He has also served as a Legislative Assistant covering many 

issues that come before this Committee, including the Western 

Water and USGS issues that will be part of his portfolio at the Department of the Interior (DOI). 

When Dr. Petty is confirmed it will actually mark his return to 

the Water and Science hallway at Interior. That is because he 

worked there during the Bush Administration as a Deputy Assistant Secretary and for a time as the Acting Head of the Office for 

which he is now nominated. Dr. Petty is very well qualified and, 

I think, an excellent choice for this position. 

I look forward to filling out Secretary Zinke’s Water Team, and 

I recognize that having a team of professionals in place at Interior 

on these issues is important to many on our Committee, not to 

mention millions of Americans living out in the West. 

There are a lot of good things that we can say about Dr. Petty, 

but I would be remiss if I did not acknowledge his connection to 

my home state. He earned his Ph.D. from the University of Alaska, 

Fairbanks. Terrific. I am sure we can all agree on him and his 

qualifications, but certainly his choice of doctoral programs clearly 

demonstrates his excellent judgment. 

[Laughter.] 

We acknowledge that. 

We will also consider the nomination of Dr. Linda Capuano to be 

the Administrator of the Energy Information Administration at the 
2 

Department of Energy. Dr. Capuano has broad experience in the 

energy and technology industries. She has held senior positions at 

a number of companies and co-founded a startup venture that commercialized ceramic superconductor technology. Dr. Capuano is 

currently a Fellow at Rice University in the Baker Institute for 

Public Policy Center for Energy Studies. She is also on the faculty 

of Rice’s Graduate School of Business. Her distinct qualifications 

and robust work history make her a good fit to be at the helm of 

EIA as we move toward American energy dominance. 

I welcome you both to the Committee and thank you for your 

willingness to serve our nation. 

It would certainly be my hope and intention to move the nominations quickly, reporting you from the Committee, hopefully, as soon 

as next week. I would hope to confirm you both before Christmas, 

along with the other well-qualified Interior nominees who have 

been stuck on the Senate calendar now for several months, far 

longer than their predecessors in the previous Administration. We 

want to try to get these processed as soon and as expeditiously as 

we can. 

Again, thank you both for being with us this morning. We will 

look forward to your comments. 

I will now turn to Senator Cantwell for her comments this morning. 

STATEMENT OF HON. MARIA CANTWELL, 

U.S. SENATOR FROM WASHINGTON 

Senator CANTWELL. Thank you, Madam Chair. 

The two nominations before the Committee this morning are important because Dr. Petty and Dr. Capuano, if confirmed, will represent and be responsible for agencies where we depend on sound 

science and reliable data. 

Public policy needs to be based on sound science and honest information. Policymakers can draw different conclusions from the 

facts, but they should never have the facts distorted or manipulated to justify policy choices. 

It is vitally important that the scientists and economists in the 

Department of the Interior and Department of Energy remain independent and the integrity of their work be protected from partisan 

ideology. That is why the two nominations we have before us this 

morning are so important. 

The Assistant Secretary of Water and Science is responsible for 

overseeing the Geological Survey which is one of the premier 

science agencies in the Federal Government. The Geological Survey 

provides the nation with science about water, energy, minerals and 

other natural resources, about floods, fires, earthquakes, volcanoes 

and other natural disasters, about the health of our ecosystems and 

our environment and about climate change. It is essential that this 

important work continue and that the scientists who do it are protected from the public interference and that their work inform policymakers rather than the other way around. 

In addition, the Assistant Secretary of Water and Science oversees the Bureau of Reclamation which grew out of the Geological 

Survey. It is the nation’s largest water supplier and the second 

largest producer of hydroelectric power. It provides water to mil-
3 

lions of our citizens and millions of acres of our farm land that 

produce much of our food. 

The job of the Administrator of Energy Information Administration is no less important. The Energy Information Administration 

was established in the Department of Energy to collect, analyze, 

evaluate and disseminate data about our energy resources and production, demand and the technology needed to manage our energy 

needs for the future. It also collects energy pricing data needed to 

protect consumers and ensure the integrity of competitive energy 

markets. 

Simply put, the two nominees before us this morning have each 

been nominated to lead premier, information-gathering agencies in 

their departments. I am pleased that both are highly qualified and 

have great professional experiences. 

I look forward to hearing from them on how their views on these 

agencies and their oversight will add to those comments I just 

mentioned on science and the independence and integrity of those 

agencies. 

I welcome both the nominees and their families and friends here 

today, and thank you for your willingness to serve. 

The CHAIRMAN. Thank you, Senator Cantwell. 

Senator Risch, I would invite you to provide comments regarding 

Dr. Petty. 

STATEMENT OF HON. JAMES E. RISCH, 

U.S. SENATOR FROM IDAHO 

Senator RISCH. Thank you, Madam Chairman. 

It is bittersweet to do this, because Tim has been an integral 

member of our team. 

Tim and Elaine—Elaine is here and I am sure Tim will introduce 

Elaine when we start—have been important to my office for the almost decade that I have been here. 

Tim has had a distinguished career in public service and is exceptionally qualified to serve as the Department of the Interior’s 

Assistant Secretary for Water and Science. 

To those of us, and there’s a lot of us in various offices, that do 

know Tim, who he has worked with, we recognize he has a deep 

understanding of the complex nexus of water and science. In fact, 

when he was working on his doctorate, he used the Boise River— 

which is a river system that flows directly through the capital city 

and which has had a history of flooding over the years and has a 

dam system now on it—he used this particular river to study predictability of potential flooding and used it for part of his peer reviewed journals for his doctorate. 

Tim has also initiated and spearheaded the interest in many of 

the various Senate offices, even though he worked for me, of using 

geospatial mapping for a myriad of purposes, including mapping 

forest fires, fish and wildlife management, dam effectiveness and 

other resources. This geospatial mapping information has added to 

our already existing statistical analysis giving Senators a deeper 

and better understanding of their states. 

Prior to joining my office, Tim served as Acting Assistant Secretary and Deputy Assistant Secretary for Water and Science at 

the Department of the Interior under President George W. Bush, 
4 

as you have noted Madam Chairman, and did an exceptional job 

there. He will be returning to that. 

Previously, Tim worked in the private sector for more than 10 

years in California and Indiana as a geologist and a hydrologist. 

He earned a Ph.D. from the University of Alaska and, Madam 

Chairman, I think you properly note that the University of Alaska 

has an outstanding program for the discipline that he is interested 

in. 

Working with Tim for these years, I am confident that he will approach each issue that comes before him with the same thoughtfulness and deliberate consideration that I have seen firsthand. Although I really hate to lose Tim, I mean that sincerely, I know that 

the Department of the Interior and the United States of America 

will benefit from his experience and expertise at the agency. I commend him to the Committee and to the Senate. 

Madam Chairman, I would like to have introduced for the record 

some communications from a number of organizations that are supporting this, the National Water Resources Association, Idaho 

Water Users Association, California Waterfowl, Delta Waterfowl, 

the Tehama-Colusa Canal Authority and the University of Alaska, 

Fairbanks, all of whom are supporting the nomination. 

[Laughter.] 

The CHAIRMAN. They will certainly be incorporated as part of the 

record, and we will put an asterisk next to the one from the University of Alaska, Fairbanks. 

[Laughter.] 

Senator RISCH. Thank you, Madam Chairman. 

The CHAIRMAN. Thank you, Senator Risch. 

[The information referred to follows:] 
5 

Senator Lisa Murkowski 

Chair 

U.S. Senate Committee on Energy and Natural Resources 

Dear Senator Murkowski, 

Dr. Timothy Petty, a doctoral graduate of the University of Alaska Fairbanks, has been 

nominated to serve as the Assistant Secretary for Water and Science at the Department of the 

Interior. I wholeheartedly support his nomination for this important position. 

I have had the pleasure of knowing Tim for six years. In that time, Tim has impressed me with 

his intelligence, work ethic, and creativity. Tim just completed a feat few people accomplish; he 

completed a Ph.D. degree via distance learning while working full time as Senator Risch's 

Legislative Director. Tim developed a novel way of predicting flood heights under 

circumstances when stream gauges had been destroyed. I have read the peer-reviewed journal 

articles that resulted from this work; they are impressive in their importance to the field of 

hydrology and their potential impact on flood hazard prediction and mitigation. Tim also filed 

for a patent as a result of his doctoral work, another sign that his work was novel and important. 

I will always be grateful to Tim for identified the need for mapping capability in the U.S. Senate 

Committee on Energy and Natural Resources and, along with Mark Myers, the former Director 

of the United States Geological Survey, encouraging me to consider becoming a Congressional 

Fellow for the Committee to fill that need. Tim's advocacy on my behalfled to my serving the 

Committee for a very enjoyable, challenging, and productive 19 months. My time with the 

Committee allowed me to bring a better understanding of how the legislative process works back 

to the University of Alaska Fairbanks. It also positioned me to become the Director of the 

Alaska Center for Unmanned Aircraft Systems Integration, one of the top unmanned aircraft 

programs in the country. 

I strongly support Tim Petty's nomination to be the Assistant Secretary for Water and Science at 

the Department of the Interior. I believe his Geology background, hydrology doctorate, and 

industry, Department oflnterior, and legislative experience provide him with the depth and 

breadth of knowledge needed to excel in this position. 

If you have any questions about Tim or his qualifications, please do not hesitate to contact me at 

907-474-6905 or cfcahill@alaska.edu. 

Sincerely, 

Dr. Catherine F. Cahill 

Director, Alaska Center for Unmanned Aircraft Systems Integration 

University of Alaska Fairbanks 

Alaska Center for Unmanned Aircraft Systems Integration, Geophysical Institute, University of Alaska Fairbanks 

903 Koyukuk Drive I Fairbanks AK 99775 I Phone: 907-474-6905 I http://acuasi.alaska.edu 
6 

December 4, 2017 

Chairman Usa Murkowski and Ranking Member Maria Cantwell 

U.S. Senate Committee on Energy & Natural Resources 

304 Dirksen Senate Building 

Washington, DC 20510 

Dear Chairman Murkowski and Ranking Member Cantwell, 

Delta Waterfowl and the California Waterfowl Association are writing to express our enthusiastic support for Dr. Tim 

Petty's nomination for the Assistant Secretary of Interior (Water and Science). 

Our organizations both share a common interest in water issues as the habitat needs of waterfowl are closely aligned 

with available water resources providing for both natural and managed wetland functions. As an example, water 

decisions made in the Central Valley and Klamath Basin have significant implications for migrating and wintering 

waterfowl and waterfowl hunters. 

Dr. Petty has demonstrated his exceptional qualifications through a career which spans a number of important roles 

including Acting Secretary during the George W. Bush Administration as well as serving a number of members of the 

Senate on resource issues. Tim has revealed his professionalism, commitment to scfence and understanding of water 

issues throughout his career. 

His ability to navigate challenging issues in a manner that is guided by sound science, fairly weighing a myriad of 

viewpoints and his judgement make him an excellent nominee. Additionally, Tim has successfully worked in the complex 

world of western water issues and as such, will help Interior make sound decisions and guide policy making. 

As organizations that respect science driven policy making and who are stakeholders to a variety of western water 

issues, we are confident Dr. Tim Petty will serve Secretary Zinke, Interior and the resources of the American public very 

well. 

Thank you for your consideration of our perspective and we urge your support of Dr. Tim Petty in his hearing before the 

Committee on DecemberS'"· 

~ell~~ Vice President Legislative Affairs & Public Policy 
7 

Protecting Water for Western Irrigated Agriculture 

November 30.2017 

The Honorable Lisa Murkowski. Chairwoman 

The Honorable Maria Cantwell, Ranking Member 

Committee on Energy and Natural Resources 

United States Senate 

304 Dirksen Senate Building 

Washington. DC 20510 

P.O. Box 216 Klamath Falls, OR 97601 

(541)-892-6244 www .familyfarmalliance.org 

Dear Chairman Murkowski, Ranking Member Cantwell and Members of the Committee: 

On behalf of the Family Fa1m Alliance (Alliance). we appreciate the opportunity to strongly endorse 

Dr. Timothy Petty as the next Assistant Secretary for Water and Science of the U.S. Department of the 

Interior (Interior). 

The Alliance is a grassroots organization of family farmers. ranchers. inigation districts and allied 

industries in 16 Western states. The Alliance is focused on one mission: To ensure the availability of 

reliable. affordable inigation water supplies to Western farmers and ranchers. We are also committed 

to the fundamental proposition that Westem inigated agriculture must be preserved and protected for a 

host of economic. sociological. environmental and national security reasons many of which are often 

overlooked in the context of other national policy decisions. 

TI1e Assistant Secretary for Water and Science oversees the Bureau of Reclamation. the federal water 

agency specifically responsible for water supplies in the West. and the U.S. Geological Survey 

(USGS). the sole earth science agency for the Department of the Interior and the federal govemment. 

Our organization works constructively with many federal departments and agencies, but the 

relationship we have with the Department of the Interior and particularly. with the Bureau of 

Reclamation is our closest. Thus. this appointed position is critically important to our organization 

and our Westemmembership. 

We believe Dr. Petty is a strong leader; a well-respected professional and a person with vision. 

common sense and high ethical standards. We have worked with Dr. Petty in the past on several 

Western water issues and believe he understands the unique challenges faced by rural agricultural 

producers living in states where the federal govemment is the majority landowner and plays a 

significant role in the management of land and water that can impact our members. 

Dr. Petty has extensive federal policy-level experience gained from his prior experience on Capitol 

Hill and at the Department of the Interior. He currently serves as Deputy Legislative Director and 

Legislative Assistant on issues of water. natural resources, environment, science, technology and 

telecommunications and space for U.S. Senator James E. Risch ofidaho. also a member of the Senate 

Committee on Energy and Natural Resources. Previously, Dr. Petty served as Acting Assistant 

Secretary and Deputy Assistant Secretary for Water & Science at Interior under President George W. 

Bush. He earned a Ph.D. from the University of Alaska Fairbanks; an M.S. from University of 
8 

Maryland University College; and a B.S. from Purdue University (Indiana). Prior to his current Senate 

service, Dr. Petty worked for U.S. Senators Connie Mack of Florida and Rick Santorum of 

Pennsylvania. In addition, he worked in California and Indiana as a geologist and hydrogeologist. 

Dr. Petty has extensive practical experience with the Bureau of Reclamation and the USGS's many 

critical Western water issues. His experience on Capitol Hill, his past leadership role at Interior, and 

his technical and professional expertise make him uniquely qualified to oversee the two agencies of 

critical importance to Western irrigators. 

It is our hope and expectation that Dr. Petty will bring a level of practical experience, empathy for rural 

producers. and intelligence into this position that will serve not only the interests of the federal 

government, but also farmers and ranchers throughout the Western United States. 

Quite simply, we believe Dr. Tim Petty is the perfect fit for this impmtant position. 

The Family Farm Alliance respectfully requests your support for Dr. Tim Petty's nomination as the 

next Assistant Secretary of the Interior for Water and Science. We know he will serve the Department. 

the Administration. and our Nation very well in this important position. 

Sincerely. 

Patrick O'Toole 

President 

Dan Keppen 

Executive Director 
9 

DIRECTORS 

COMMITTEE CHAIRS 

NWRA DELEGATES 

I dafto Water 11sers Jllssociation, Inc. 

1010 W. Jefferson St., Suite 101 • BOISE, IDAHO 83702 

OFFICE - 208-344-6690 • FAX - 208-344-27 44 

E-MAIL- iwua@iwua.org 

WEBSITE - www.iwua.org 

December 1, 2017 

The Honorable Lisa Murkowski, Chairwoman 

The Honorable Maria Cantwell, Ranking Member 

Committee on Energy and Natural Resources 

United States Senate 

304 Dirksen Senate Building 

Washington, DC 20510 

RE: Support for Dr. Timothy Petty as Assistant Secretary for Water and 

Science 

Dear Chairman Murkowski, Ranking Member Cantwell and Members of the 

Committee: 

On behalf of the Idaho Water Users Association ("IWUA"), I strongly 

endorse Dr. Timothy Petty as the next Assistant Secretary for Water and Science 

of the U.S. Depmiment of the Interior ("Interior"). 

Fanned in 1937, IWUA is a non-profit corporation representing 300 

cm1al companies, irrigation districts, water districts, ground water districts, 

municipal and public water suppliers, hydroelectric companies, aquaculture 

interests, agri-businesses, professional firms, and individuals throughout the 

State ofidaho all dedicated to the wise and efficient use ofldaho's water 

resources. 

IWUA members throughout Idaho rely on storage facilities owned and 

operated by the Bureau of Reclamation ("Reclamation"}. Along the Snake River 

Basin (in Southern Idaho), for example, water nsers rely on Reclamation storage 

projects for the irrigation of nearly 2.4 million acres. Recent financial 

infonnation shows that the economic contribution of these facilities is nearly $4 

billion per year (considering crops, livestock, hydropower generation, recreation 

and flood damage prevention}. 

IWUA and its members interact with Reclamation more than any other 

federal agency- at both the local and federal level. We work closely with 

Reclmnation to ensure that our water users can continue raising the crops and 

livestock feeding our nation and others throughout the world. 
10 

The Honorable Lisa Murkowski 

The Honorable Maria Cantwell 

December 1, 2017 

Page2 

Given the interface of Idaho's water users with Reclamation, IWU A and its members 

have a strong interest in Reclamation's leadership. As Assistant Secretary for Water and Science, 

Dr. Petty will oversee Reclamation. 

Dr. Petty is a strong leader who is well-respected for his knowledge and experience in 

addressing Western water issues. He previously served as Acting Assistant Secretary and Deputy 

Assistant Secretary for Water and Science at Interior under President George W. Bush. More 

recently, he served as Deputy Legislative Director and Legislative Assistant on issues of water, 

natural resources, enviromnent, science and technology for U.S. Senator James E. Risch (Idaho), 

also a member of the Senate Committee on Energy and Natural Resources. This service provides 

Dr. Petty with the necessary experience and knowledge to excel as Assistant Secretary for Water 

and Science. 

In addition, while serving in these positions, IWUA and its members have interacted with 

Dr. Petty on several occasions. His expertise and technical experience has proven to be an 

invaluable benefit to Idaho's water users- as well as other agricultural water users throughout 

the West. 

Dr. Petty's knowledge and experience make him the perfect choice for this important 

position. His background gives him the ability to understand complex, technical issues and will 

make him a valued member oflnterior. 

Accordingly, IWUA respectfully requests your support of Dr. Tim Petty's nomination as 

the next Assistant Secretary for Water and Science. We are confident that he will provide 

outstanding service to this Administration and our Nation. 

s~ 

~lau1 L. Arrington 

Executive Director I General Counsel 

PLA:kje 
11 

Meeting Tomorrow's Challenge 

December 1, 2017 

The Honorable Lisa Mmkowski 

Chair 

Committt:e on Encrt,'}' and Natural Resources 

United States Senate 

304 Dirksen Senate OtTicc Building 

Washington, DC 20510 

Dear Chairman Murkovvski and Ranking Member Cant\vell: 

President- Ron Thompson 

Vice President- Cheryl little 

Treasurer- Tom Myrum 

Executive Vice President- I an Lyle 

The Honorable Maria Cant"~e11 

Ranking Member 

Committee on Energy and Natural Resources 

United States Senate 

304 Dirksen Senate O!Ticc Building 

Washington. DC 20510 

On behalf of the Board of Directors and membership of the National Water Resources Association (NWRA), I wtite 

to express our strong support for the nomination of Dr. Tim Petty to be Assistant Secretary for Water and Science at 

the Department of the Interior. 

Dr. Petty is highly experienced in crafting aml implementing 

environmental engineering and spent 10 }'Cars as sector geologist serving as a senior 

at the U.S. Department of Energy. During George W. Bush Administration. Petty served as Deputy 

Secretal)· for Water and Science at the Department of the Interior. lie currently serves as Deputy 

Legislative Director for Senutor James Risch (R-ID). 

Westem water users face many diiiicult challenges. In order to meet those the Department of the Interior 

must be led by experienced, committed, and knowledgeable leaders who c~m cooperatiYely to solve 

complicated watt..I issues. Dr. Petty's expetience in the legislative and executive branches of government as \Yell as 

the private sector will allow him to collaborate \Yith a variety of stakeholders. He is an exceptionally qualified 

individual who brings a critical combination of scientific understanding and on-the-ground experience to \Yater 

management. He is therefore an ideal candidate to serve as the Assistant Secretar.v for Water and Science. 

I urge you to \Vork with your Senate colleagues to confinn Dr. Petty's nomination as soon as possible. NWRA looks 

forward to working \Yith you and Dr. Petty to address the many water issues facing the West. 

Thank you for your time and consideration of Dr_ Petty's nomination. 

Sincerely, 

Ian Lyle 

Executive Vice President 

4 E Street SE, Washington, DC 20003 

Phone: (202) 698-0693 1 Fax: (202) 698-0694 
12 

The Honorable Lisa Murkowski 

Chainnan 

Senate Energy & Natural Resources Committee 

304 Dirksen Senate OlTice Building 

Washington, DC 20510 

Dear Chairman Murkowski: 

National Cataemen*s 

led Association 

December 4. 2017 

The Public Lands Council (PLC) and the National Cattlemen's Beef Association (NCBA) would like to take 

this opportunity to express our support for the confinnation of Dr. Timothy R. Petty to be Assistant Secretary 

of Interior for Water and Science. PLC is the only national organization dedicated solely to representing the 

roughly 22,000 ranchers who hold federal grazing pennits and operate on federal lands. NCBA is the beef 

industry's largest m1d oldest national marketing and trade association, representing American cattlemen and 

women who provide much of the nation's supply of food and own or mm1agc a large portion of America's 

private property. 

Dr. Petty is well qualified for this position, having previously worked as a geologist and hydrogeologist across 

the country. Under President George W. Bush, he served as Deputy Assistant Secretary of Water and Science 

and later as Acting Assistm1t Secretary of the same office. After leaving Interior, Dr. Petty worked in the 

office of Senator James E. Risch as the Deputy Legislative Director and Legislative Assistant on the smne 

issues he will head if confimwd to this position. Considered a leading expert in his field, Dr. Petty holds 

degrees from academic institutions across the country, and has a wide range of scientific experience. PLC m1d 

NCBA arc proud to support his nomination. 

Western rm1chers own approximately 120 million acres of the most productive private land in the west and 

mmwge nearly 250 million acres of public land. Ranchers who hold grazing penn its on public lm1d do vital 

work that benefits public land including the improvement of water sources, improvement of wildlife habitat, 

m1d maintaining the open space that Americm1s enjoy. Having leadership at the Department of Interior who 

understm1d the agriculture industry and role it plays in the stewardship of America's public lands is vital to 

ensure the continuity of this national heritage. 

PLC m1d NCBA appreciate the opportunity to provide our input on behalf of our members- the nation's food 

and fiber producers. We urge swift confim1ation of Dr. Timothy R. Petty. 

Sincerely, 

Dave Eliason 

President 

Public Lands Council 

Craig Udcn 

President 

National Cattlemen's Beef Association 
13 

P.O. BOX 1025 • 5513 HWY 162, WILLOWS, CA 95988 • Phone: (530) 934-2125 • Fax: (530) 934-2355 

December I, 2017 

The Honorable Lisa Murkowski 

Chairman 

Committee on Energy & Natural Resources 

United States Senate 

522 Hart Senate Office Building 

Washington, DC 20510 

The Honorable Maria Cantwell 

Ranking Member 

Committee on Energy & Natural Resources 

United States Senate 

511 Hart Senate Office Building 

Washington, DC 20510 

Dear Chairman Murkowski and Ranking Member Cantwell: 

On behalf of the Tehama-Colusa Canal Authority (TCCA), I appreciate the opportunity to offer 

my strong support for Dr. Tim Petty as the next Assistant Secretary for Water and Science of the 

U.S. Department of the Interior. 

The TCCA is a Joint Powers Authority comprised of seventeen Water Districts all of which are 

Central Valley Project (CVP) Water Service Contractors. The 150,000-acre service area the 

TCCA serves spans four counties along the West side of the Sacramento Valley, providing 

irrigation water to a diverse agricultural landscape and over 1 ,000 family farms that produce a 

variety of high value crops, including: almonds, walnuts, olives, pistachios, grapes, and rice. 

The water provided to these lands results in an annual regional economic benefit of over $1 

billion. 

TCCA maintains a strong relationship with the Department of the Interior and the Bureau of 

Reclamation. The Bureau of Reclamation is the federal water agency specifically responsible for 

water supplies in the West Thus, the position of Assistant Secretary t"llr Water and Science, 

which oversees the Bureau of Reclamation as well as the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS). is 

critically important to our organization and the farms and communities we serve. 

Dr. Petty is a well-respected leader and professional with high ethical standards. TCCA has 

worked with Dr. Petty in the past on multiple Western water issues and believe he understands 

the unique challenges facing California and the Central Valley. Dr. Petty has extensive federal 

policy level experience gained from his prior service on Capitol Hill and the Department of the 

Interior. Currently, he serves as the Deputy Legislative Director and Legislative Assistant 

responsible for the issues of water, natural resources. environment, science and technology f(Jr 

Senator James Risch ofldaho-a member of the Senate Committee on Energy and Natural 

Resources. Previously. Dr. Petty served as Acting Assistant Secretary and Deputy Assistant 

Secretary tor Water & Science at Interior under President George 'W. Bush. 
14 

Dr. Petty earned a Ph.D. from the University of Alaska Fairbanks, and M.S. from the University 

of Maryland University College, and a B.S. from Purdue University. Prior to his current Senate 

service, Dr. Petty worked for Senators Connie Mack and Rick Santorum and worked as a 

geologist and hydrogeologist in California and Indiana. 

TCCA respectfully requests your support for Dr. Tim Petty's nomination as the Assistant 

Secretary of the Interior for Water and Science. Dr. Petty's extensive practical experience with 

the Bureau of Reclamation and the USGS, his experience on Capitol Hill and at Interior, and his 

technical and professional expertise make him uniquely qualified to oversee these two agencies. 

We believe Dr. Petty is the perfect fit for this critical position. We know he will serve the 

Department and the Administration well. 

Sincerely, 

Jeffrey P. Sutton 

General Manager 

Tehama-Colusa Canal Authority 
15 

The CHAIRMAN. At this time, I would ask that you both rise. The 

rules of the Committee which apply to all nominees require that 

they be sworn in connection with their testimony. So now that you 

have risen, please raise your right hand. 

Do you solemnly swear that the testimony you are about to give 

to the Senate Committee on Energy and Natural Resources shall 

be the truth, the whole truth and nothing but the truth? 

[Both answer, I do.] 

The CHAIRMAN. Before you begin your statements, you may go 

ahead and be seated, I will ask you three questions addressed to 

each nominee before the Committee. 

Will you be available to appear before this Committee and other 

Congressional committees to represent departmental positions and 

respond to issues of concern to the Congress? 

[Both answer, yes.] 

The CHAIRMAN. Are you aware of any personal holdings, investments or interests that could constitute a conflict or create an appearance of such a conflict should you be confirmed and assume the 

office to which you have been nominated by the President? 

[Both answer, no.] 

The CHAIRMAN. Are you involved or do you have any assets held 

in blind trusts? 

[Both answer, no.] 

The CHAIRMAN. Okay. At this point in time I would ask each of 

you to provide the Committee a little bit of your background as 

well as the opportunity to introduce any family or strong supporters you may have with you. We certainly encourage that as 

well. 

Dr. Petty, we will begin with you, if you would like to proceed. 

STATEMENT OF DR. TIMOTHY R. PETTY, NOMINATED TO BE 

AN ASSISTANT SECRETARY OF THE INTERIOR 

Dr. PETTY. Thank you Chairman Murkowski, Ranking Member 

Cantwell and obviously, the distinguished members of this Committee. 

I also want to thank you, Senator Risch, for your kind introduction, but more important, even your leadership and service to the 

State of Idaho and to the United States. You have been a real leader to me and to many. 

It is a distinct honor and a privilege to appear before you today 

as President Trump’s nominee to serve the American people as Assistant Secretary for Water and Science at the Department of the 

Interior. I wish to thank Secretary Zinke for his support and confidence in this position. 

I would like to take a moment and acknowledge my wife, Elaine 

Petty, here behind me, and actually, one of my four siblings, Pam, 

who is also here and traveled from Indiana to be here with me 

today. I would also like to just mention and thank a lot of my 

friends and colleagues who are here with me as well, who have 

been a huge support in insight for me for these many years, who 

are also joining us today. 

So if I may, I was born and raised on a family farm in Grant 

County, Indiana. I am proud to be the son of Esther and Morris 

Petty. My father, a farmer and a large animal cattle breeder, was 
16 

killed in an automobile accident when I was but a young individual, and my amazing mother raised five of us on the family 

farm. 

Working on the family farm, cultivating agricultural fields, harvesting fall crops, milking cows, bailing hay and watching the 

growth of life all around me was fundamental in preparation for 

my entire career. My mother raised all of us kids with strong family values, a solid work ethic, genuine integrity, a high commitment 

to education and a belief in God. 

I was inspired to study Earth science from a young age. Our 

farm was bordered by an important river and watershed in the 

northeastern part of Indiana and the water fascinated me. A stone 

quarry and gravel pit was also on our property which also created 

the love for geology at an early age as well. 

This interest led me to pursue a Bachelor of Science degree in 

Geoscience at Purdue University. I then worked in Indiana, California and abroad as a staff geologist and hydrogeologist, learning 

the trade of ground surveying, mapping, surface and sub-surface 

hydrology, earthquake investigation, groundwater contamination as 

well as water quality research. 

After working in the private sector, I joined the staff of the Senate Republican Conference, under two consecutive Chairmen, Senator Connie Mack of Florida as well as Senator Rick Santorum of 

Pennsylvania. During that time, I also earned a Master’s Degree 

in Business from the University of Maryland to help hone my management and technology skills. 

While still working in the Legislative Branch, I was tapped to be 

the Deputy Assistant Secretary for Water and Science under and 

with Secretary Kempthorne. 

At DOI, I supported the leadership of the U.S. Geological Survey 

and the Bureau of Reclamation. This included providing oversight 

in policy and technical review of programs that are so vital, including stream gauge, irrigation water demand, ground monitoring, 

earthquakes, volcanoes, geospatial mapping, just to name a few. 

Also, I want to highlight that Secretary Kempthorne also designated me at that time at DOI to represent several groups including the Executive Principal to the Gulf Coast Hypoxia Task Force 

as well as the DOI principal review team leader for the Interagency 

Panel for Climate Change. 

At the end of the Bush Administration, I returned to the Legislative Branch to work for Senator Risch. Senator Risch was so kind 

to outline so many of those different areas, but while also working 

with him here in the Senate, I received my Ph.D. in Water Science 

and Policy at the School of Engineering and Mining at the University of Alaska. 

Together, I believe my experience and education has prepared me 

for this position to effectively serve the American people. I commit 

myself to provide the best-informed advice possible for Secretary 

Zinke. I will listen to and work with the Committee and Congress 

in these areas. 

Chairman Murkowski, Ranking Member Cantwell and members 

of the Committee, I thank you again for the consideration of my 

nomination. Throughout my time in the Senate, I have had the 

privilege of working with virtually every member on the Committee 
17 

and more specifically, the staff, in a good faith effort to build consensus and workable solutions on these issues before us. 

If confirmed, I look forward to continuing those efforts as we pursue the common goal of securing American water and science future. I look forward to answering any of your questions. 

[The prepared statement of Dr. Petty follows:] 
18 

PREPARED STATEMENT OF TIMOTHY R. PETTY, Ph.D. 

NOMINEE FOR 

ASSISTANT SECRETARY FOR WATER AND SCIENCE 

U.S. DEPARTMENT OF INTERIOR 

BEFORE THE SENATE ENERGY AND NATURAL RESROURCES COMMITTEE 

Thank you Chairman Murkowski, Ranking Member Cantwell, and the distinguished Members of 

the Committee. Thank you, Senator Risch, for your kind introduction, and for your leadership 

and service to the great state of Idaho and the United States. 

It is a distinct honor and privilege to appear before you today as President Trump's nominee to 

serve the American people as Assistant Secretary for Water and Science at the Department of the 

Interior. I wish to thank Secretary Zinke for his support and confidence in me for this position. 

Today, I ask for your consideration and consent to the President's nomination. 

I would like to start by introducing my family here with me today: My wife, Elaine Petty. One 

of my four siblings, Pam, who traveled from Indiana to be here. I'd like to thank them, and a 

number of my friends who are also here, who have been a great support for many years. 

I would like to begin with a short, personal introduction to help provide some background for 

howl came to be here today. 

I was born and raised on a family farm in Grant County, Indiana. I am proud to be the son of 

Esther and Morris Petty. My father, a farmer and large animal cattle breeder, was killed in an 

automobile accident when I was young, and my amazing mother raised five children on the farm. 

I attended public schools and developed a life-long love of being outdoors on the land. Working 

on the farm with my family, cultivating agricultural fields, harvesting fall crops, milking cows, 

bailing hay, and watching the growth of life all around me was foundational in preparation for 

my entire career. My mother raised all of us kids with strong family values, solid work ethics, 

genuine integrity, a high commitment to education and belief in God. 

I was inspired to study earth science from a young age. Our farm was bordered by an important 

river and watershed in the northeast part of Indiana and the water fascinated me. A stone quarry 

and gravel pit on our property created curiosity and then a love for geology. 

This interest led me to pursue a Bachelor of Science in Geosciences at Purdue University. I then 

worked in Indiana, California, and abroad as a staff geologist and hydrogeologist with a number 

of geo-technical and geoscience engineering firms, learning the trade of ground surveying, 
19 

mapping, surface and sub-surface hydrology, earthquake investigation and ground water 

contamination and water quality research. 

After working in the private sector, I joined the staff of the Senate Republican Conference, under 

two consecutive Chairmen: Senator Connie Mack of Florida and Senator Rick Santorum of 

Pennsylvania. This time, in the late 1990's and early 2000's, was a period when Congress was 

focusing on digital communication transformation and I had the good fortune of working to 

accomplish this with a bipartisan team of Senate staff. During this time, I also earned a Master's 

Degree in Business Administration from the University of Maryland to help hone my 

management and technology skills. 

While still working in the legislative branch, I was asked by the George W. Bush administration 

to bring my earth science, policy, and communications experience to the executive branch at the 

Department of the Interior. I was tapped to be the Deputy Assistant Secretary for Water and 

Science under Secretary Kempthorne. 

At DOl, I supported the leadership of the U.S. Geological Survey and the Bureau of 

Reclamation. This included providing oversight of the policy and technical review of programs 

such as stream gages, irrigation water demand, ground monitoring of earthquakes, volcanoes, 

geospatial mapping, and LandSat 5, 7 and (then) future 8 satellite imagery. 

In addition, Secretary Kempthorne designated me to be the DOI representative as the Co-Chair 

of the Extended Continental Shelf Task Force; the Executive Principal to the Gulf Coast Hypoxia 

Task Force; DOl Liaison on Antarctic Treaty Summit; Ex-Officio for the National Bio-Defense 

Science Board; Executive Principal on the National Bio-surveillance Interagency Team; the DOl 

principal review team leader for the Interagency Panel for Climate Change, and the senior 

executive representing the President of the United States for the science agreement with Vietnam 

on the Mekong Delta. 

At the end of the Bush administration, I returned to the legislative branch to work for Senator 

Risch. For the past 9 years, as Deputy Legislative Director and Legislative Assistant, I have 

been responsible for a broad portfolio of policy issues, including Water Resources, Hydroelectric 

Dams, Environmental Protection, Climate Science, Technology, Science research, NASA, 

Cyber-security, Infrastructure, and Telecommunications. This includes supporting Senator Risch 

on this committee in areas addressing Indian water rights settlements including Idaho Nez Perce 

tribe, Coeur d'Alene tribe, Shoshone-Bannock tribes, hydropower, Biological Options in the 

Columbia River Basin, aquifer recharge projects, to name a few. 

While working at the Senate, I received my Ph.D. in Water Science and Policy in the School of 

Engineering and Mining at the University of Alaska Fairbanks. I took a practical approach in my 

research for my dissertation in surface hydrology that was inspired by my previous service in 

DOI and my observations of the need for more timely warnings with flood hazards. 
20 

Together, I believe my experience and education has prepared me for this position to effectively 

serve the American people. I look forward to applying my full energy and commitment to 

advancing the US. earth science and water innovation. I commit myself to provide the bestinformed advice possible to Secretary Zinke. I will listen to and work with this Committee and 

Congress, with the earth science communities, and with the western water communities. I look 

forward to working with the impressive employees at the Bureau of Reclamation and the USGS, 

who use their expertise every day to deliver good science in order to address earth science and 

water resources for the American people. 

Chairman Murkowski, Ranking Member Cantwell, and members of the Committee, I thank you 

again for considering my nomination. Throughout my time in the Senate, l have had the privilege 

to work with virtually every member of this committee and their staff in a good faith effort to 

build consensus and workable solutions to the issues before us. If confirmed, I look forward to 

continuing those efforts as we pursue the common goal of securing America's water and science 

future. 

I look forward to answering any questions you may have. 
21 

The CHAIRMAN. Thank you, Dr. Petty. 

Dr. Capuano, welcome. 

STATEMENT OF DR. LINDA A. CAPUANO, NOMINATED TO BE 

ADMINISTRATOR OF THE ENERGY INFORMATION ADMINISTRATION 

Dr. CAPUANO. Thank you. 

Chairman Murkowski, Ranking Member Cantwell and distinguished members of the Committee, it’s an honor and privilege to 

appear before you as the nominee for Administrator of the Energy 

Information Administration. 

I’m grateful to the President and to Secretary Perry for their confidence in trusting me with this important assignment. 

EIA is the statistical and analytical agency of the Department of 

Energy. It collects and disseminates a wide range of energy information covering energy production, stocks, demand, imports, exports, prices, technologies and emissions. As a researcher and analyst, I appreciate the importance of EIA’s independent role in providing unbiased information and analysis to inform policymakers, 

markets and members of the public in making informed energy decisions across the public and private sector. 

If confirmed by the Senate, I will bring to the position the experience of a career that began with applying materials science and engineering to products in computer memory, semiconductors and 

power units and evolved to a focus on energy in the electricity and 

petroleum sectors. 

I’ve also spent my career planning for and managing change. The 

rapidity that which technology is changing, everything from the 

production of oil and gas to the integration of distributed generation including storage technologies and microgrids, is a challenge 

for EIA that I would willingly embrace. 

I understand the important role that all of our fuels play in delivering energy to consumers. I understand this Committee has had 

specific requests of EIA, an analysis of energy and financial markets, energy consumption surveys and expanded coverage of distributed generation. 

If confirmed, these programs would remain a priority and I 

would work closely with the Committee on these and other matters. 

Thank you and I look forward to answering your questions. 

[The prepared statement of Dr. Capuano follows:] 
22 

Opening Statement 

Linda Ann Capuano 

Nomination Hearing 

United States Senate 

Committee on Energy and Natural Resources 

Chairman Murkowski, Ranking Member Cantwell, distinguished members of the Committee it is 

an honor and a privilege to appear before you today as the nominee for Administrator of the 

Energy Information Administration (EIA). I am grateful to the President and to Secretary Perry 

for their confidence in trusting me with this important assignment. 

Created by Congress in 1977, EIA is the statistical and analytical agency of the Department of 

Energy. It collects and disseminates a wide range of energy information covering energy 

production, stocks, demand, imports, exports, prices, technologies and emissions. EIA's mission 

is to provide policy neutral data, forecasts and analysis to promote sound policymaking, efficient 

markets and public understanding regarding energy and its interaction with the economy and the 

environment. EIA also prepares short term forecasts, long term projections and other analyses 

and special reports on topics of current interest to Congress and to the executive branch. By law 

ElA prepares products independently of policy positions taken within the Federal Government. 

As such, it is the Nation's premier source of unbiased energy data, analysis and forecasting. 

As a researcher and analyst, l appreciate the importance of EIA' s independent role in providing 

unbiased information and analysis to inform policymakers, markets and members of the public in 

making informed energy decisions across the public and private sectors. If confirmed by the 

Senate, I will bring to the position the experience of a career that began with applying materials 

science and engineering to products in computer memory, semiconductors and power units, and 

evolved to a focus on energy in the electricity and petroleum sectors. 

My early academic training in chemistry and chemical engineering at S.U.N.Y. (Stony Brook) 

and the University of Colorado Boulder led to my first professional position at IBM where my 

responsibilities included design specifications, statistical process control and product 

performance. My doctorate at Stanford University included work in statistical multivariate and 

trend analysis, which, combined with my financial modeling and forecasting experience as CFO 

of Conductus Inc., a Silicon Valley startup, as well as General Manager at Honeywell Aerospace 

has given me sufficient practical experience in applied economics and statistics to make me 

familiar with the discipline and techniques of the work required by the EIA. 

My early background naturally led to my focus on energy. I have served on the boards of the 

California Independent System Operator (2007-1 0) and Peak Reliability since 2013. Peak 

provides real-time, interconnection-wide oversight of the Bulk Electricity System (BES) within 

the Western Electricity Coordinating Council (WECC) footprint, and coordinates necessary realtime and seasonal planning and modeling and ensures that data critical to the reliable and 

efficient grid operation is shared appropriately. I also led the technology organization at 

Marathon Oil Corporation (2008-2013), an energy company engaged in exploration and 

production and integrated oil and gas operations. 
23 

ln 2012, I had the opportunity to participate on the National Petroleum Council report 

"Advancing Technology for America's Transportation Future." As chair of the coordinating 

subcommittee, I worked closely with some of the highly skilled and dedicated people at EIA. 

That experience gave me a view into the complexity ofEIA's work in gathering information that 

links the transportation and energy sectors, especially with so many individual entities involved. 

My experiences in the energy sector over the past decade have made me acutely aware of how 

critical information is to the country's economy. To take just one example, the nation's grid 

involves the coordination of many entities, technologies and fuels across multiple state 

boundaries. 

I have also spent my career planning for and managing change. The rapidity with which 

technology is changing everything from the production of oil and gas to the integration of 

distributed generation, including storage technologies and microgrids, is a challenge for EIA that 

I am eager to embrace. 

I understand the important roles that all of our fuels play in delivering energy to consumers. 

have been impressed with EIA's ability to engage in developing infonnation and reporting on the 

dramatic change in our oil and natural gas outlook, including starting an innovative approach to 

assessing productivity. I understand that other areas ofEIA work were directly requested by this 

Committee, such as analysis of energy and financial markets and the energy consumption 

surveys of commercial and residential buildings. These programs would remain a priority under 

my leadership. If confirmed, I would fully support the innovations already made by EIA and 

would continue to seek new methods and tools to streamline and improve data collection and 

dissemination. 

ETA has and will play an important role in communicating energy infonnation and increasing 

public understanding at all levels. There are important challenges for the Energy Information 

Administration in this dynamic energy environment and I look forward to leading this 

distinguished organization to set and achieve goals. If confinned, I will work closely with the 

Committee on these and other matters. 

Thank you and I look forward to answering your questions. 
24 

The CHAIRMAN. Thank you, Dr. Capuano. 

We will begin with five-minute rounds so we may have an opportunity for a second round for folks, if they are so inclined. 

Dr. Petty, let me start with you. 

I talk a lot in this Committee about the growing dependency that 

we have in this nation when it comes to minerals. When I say dependency, it is a dependency on outside sources. 

Last year the United States imported 100 percent of 20 different 

minerals and at least 50 percent of another 30. I have likened it 

to the situation that we were in some years back when we were 

always talking about our reliance overseas for oil and how that 

made us vulnerable as a nation from an energy security perspective 

but also from a national security perspective. 

We are doing much better on the oil side but, in my view, we are 

going in the wrong direction when it comes to mineral security. 

Can you speak, just briefly, to the role that you believe that USGS 

can play in our efforts to lessen that dependency and whether you 

think that the agency, USGS, requires additional statutory authority that might be helpful or necessary to address this? 

Dr. PETTY. Yes, thank you, Senator. 

Absolutely. Your opening comments, specifically on minerals, is 

really a critical aspect, both obviously, for Alaska in working these 

many years, even with the State of Idaho, critical minerals are in 

both of these locations. 

With USGS being able to be the principle gathering of that information on those specific type of minerals, it is critical that we give 

full support to the U.S. Geological Survey in these priorities. 

I’ve been here for many years of the briefings that have actually 

taken place in this hearing room and with the testimonies that the 

different experts from the U.S. Geological Survey, who have come 

to this specific Committee, highlighting the importance and gathering that information. 

It is up to, obviously, the Committee to continue giving direction 

and support to how the U.S. Geological Survey can support each 

one of the individual states and members, as well as this whole 

country in those important value of those minerals. 

So I look forward to working with you and your staff as we continue to pursue exactly how we need to get better data to this Committee, specifically, so that we can support the decisions that you’ll 

need to make into the future. 

The CHAIRMAN. Thank you. 

Dr. Capuano, you mentioned the independent role of EIA and the 

fact that it is held out to be this unbiased arbiter, if you will, of 

data. I know this Committee certainly looks to the information that 

comes from EIA and we want to be able to rely on, not only its accuracy, but really, a very unbiased view. 

I think it is fair to say that when you have political and policy 

questions that come together, there can be great discussions about 

whether or not there is some bias that is brought to it; however, 

when we are looking at baseline predictions of future energy markets and how different regulatory environments or different legal 

scenarios might change that baseline, this job, working within EIA, 

becomes more than a little bit complicated. 
25 

Basically what I am looking for this morning is the assurance 

that your work within EIA will be one that keeps us from the 

politicization or the bias that one can see. I believe the EIA needs 

to maintain that truly independent role, and I would like for you 

to speak to that. 

Dr. CAPUANO. If appointed to this position, I will bring the years 

of experience I have in technology training and sorting out issues 

around data versus opinion. And so, I am very committed to working with EIA to make sure that the data is high quality, that it’s 

credible and that it is not biased. And I’ll just do my best to work 

to do that. 

The CHAIRMAN. Thank you. 

Senator Cantwell. 

Senator CANTWELL. Dr. Petty, welcome. I’m sure the Boilermakers are very proud of you. 

[Laughter.] 

Regarding the Yakima Basin project, I think you have probably 

had a chance, just because of its regional significance, to get familiar with that. It is very integrated in its planning. Do you support 

that project and making sure that it gets funded? 

Dr. PETTY. Yes, Senator Cantwell, absolutely. 

I look forward to working, obviously, with you, specifically. I 

have been working on multiple years on that specific water project, 

working with your staff which is a critical part into the part three 

section of where we’re at now in that specific project. 

As we move forward, the Bureau of Reclamation has been up 

here on numerous occasions to testify of what has been taking 

place there, interacting with Senator Risch specifically. What is important is how the State of Washington has actually stepped up in 

a huge way in this project as well, and I think there’s some really 

good capabilities there for us to continue to develop and working 

with you on that and your staff. 

Senator CANTWELL. So you support continued funding? 

Dr. PETTY. Yes, continued with Reclamation’s recommendations 

as well. 

Senator CANTWELL. I think it is a great example of where we 

need to go on a problem that is not going away. 

Dr. PETTY. Right. 

Senator CANTWELL. By that I mean, I think it is a great example 

of where we need to go on other projects across the nation to more 

quickly expedite our response to drought conditions and things that 

we are facing. 

So—— 

Dr. PETTY. Yes. 

Senator CANTWELL. I look forward to working with you on that. 

Dr. Capuano, on energy information, do you think EIA needs to 

analyze energy future contracts and commodity swaps and derivatives and how they affect the day-to-day oil price? 

Dr. CAPUANO. That’s a really good question. 

It’s a very complex issue and as I move, you know, if I am appointed to this position, I will spend time trying to understand the 

details of that, but again, our role in EIA would be to provide the 

data that would be necessary to be able to do that kind of analysis. 
26 

Senator CANTWELL. If you could take a look at that. This is language that we have passed out of the Senate and so, we think it 

is—— 

Dr. CAPUANO. I commit to take a look at it. 

Senator CANTWELL. Yes, that would be great, and you can give 

us an answer on it. 

It is very important that our energy markets are properly 

policed, and I know you mentioned distributed generation several 

times in your comments. That’s great. We have definitely seen a lot 

of shenanigans in the energy market and, hopefully, we will continue to have a strong FERC that plays an oversight role, that polices them in a proper way. But at the same time, you need information and oftentimes the kinds of activities that we can see in 

manipulation you can see right in the energy data. That’s why it 

is so important that you continue to play that oversight role in an 

important way. 

So, to me, you need to collect information on a fully integrated 

financial market so that you understand the impacts. We had this 

for a long discussion in the ENRON crisis about how much future 

contract price affected the spot price market as well. 

Of course, during that time period there was unbelievable manipulation and it consequently caused great havoc. Senator Risch and 

I were representing utilities and authorities that had to pay hundreds of millions of dollars in extra fees that we never should have 

paid and had to bail out California when we probably never should 

have had to. I don’t think BPA ever got compensated for the 

amount of money that they ended up paying to California during 

the crisis. It wreaked havoc on the West Coast, and we never want 

to see it again. So having good policing on the energy information 

is critical to us. 

Dr. CAPUANO. I do look forward to having more conversations on 

that topic and understanding what EIA can provide that you could 

use then. 

Senator CANTWELL. Great. 

We will get you the language that passed out of the Senate. 

Thank you so much. 

The CHAIRMAN. Thank you, Senator Cantwell. 

Senator Risch. 

Senator RISCH. Senator Cantwell, thank you for reminding me 

how much fun it was to pay a lot in California. 

[Laughter.] 

Madam Chairman, I really do not have any questions since I 

have spent so much time with Tim, and I want to give everybody 

the opportunity to have questions. 

Tim, I wonder if you could take just a couple minutes and talk 

about some of the work that you have done on the Boise River that 

is so important to the people in the Treasure Valley in Idaho while 

you have been on my staff? 

Dr. PETTY. Thank you, Senator, absolutely. 

It has been an amazing experience and privilege to look at and 

focus in on the Boise River, working with the Army Corps of Engineers and, obviously, the number of dams that the Bureau of Reclamation holds, specifically, on that dam. 
27 

It’s a combination of how do you balance the needs for the water 

irrigators in all the agricultural components around the Boise complex and the Boise project as well as balancing flood control. And 

that is so much of what the West is about. It’s a high plain desert. 

Once you put water on that amazing soil it produces an incredible amount of productivity agriculturally, but yet at the same 

time, it’s the capital city of our state, of the State of Idaho. That 

combination is always in a complex way where you’re dealing with 

those years of even drought and years of trying to manage to hold 

those specific areas of periods of flood. 

That city is always on pins and needles during periods when 

there is significant spring rain, because you also have to rely on 

other agencies in that area of snow accumulation, how to manage 

it and how to work together. That is an amazing part of what both 

Governor Otter and yourself, with your years of experience, as 

you’re working with all the agencies to really move forward in 

those specific focus on both water service as well as flood control 

which ties in both why USGS’s water center there is in Boise but 

also the headquarters of the Northwest Bureau of Reclamations 

headquarters are there as well in Boise. So it really creates a 

nexus for a lot of important data and information so that both 

local, state and federal can work together. 

Senator RISCH. Thanks, Tim. 

I yield back my time, Madam Chairman. 

The CHAIRMAN. Senator Hirono. 

Senator HIRONO. Thank you, Madam Chair. 

This is to both Dr. Petty and Dr. Capuano. 

You have both been nominated to lead agencies where independent, scientific research is very critical to the mission of those 

agencies. Are both of you committed to scientific data to inform policy actions? 

Dr. PETTY. Yes, I am. 

Dr. CAPUANO. Yes, I am. 

Senator HIRONO. Again, to both of you, is climate change real? 

Yes or no? You are scientists. Is climate change real? 

Dr. CAPUANO. The EIA provides unbiased data to inform those 

kinds of discussions. They’re very complex and the environment is 

very important. As the Administrator of EIA, if I am appointed, it 

would not be wise for me to take a position on any particular issue, 

but to make sure that accurate and credible data is provided so 

those issues can be debated and discussed. 

Senator HIRONO. So you are saying that you sit here and you tell 

us that you do not know whether climate change is real or not? 

Dr. CAPUANO. No, I said that it would be inappropriate for me, 

if I was appointed as EIA Administrator, to take a position on such 

a highly debated topic. 

Senator HIRONO. Do you acknowledge that most of the scientific 

community have said that climate change is real and, in fact, the 

Department of Defense has testified that climate change is what is 

a tremendous issue for them impacting our national security? 

Dr. CAPUANO. If you’re asking if I’m aware of the debate, yes, I 

am very aware of the debate. 

Senator HIRONO. And that most of the evidence in the scientific 

community says that climate change is real? 
28 

Do you acknowledge—— 

Dr. CAPUANO. Again, I’m aware that there is a lot of debate on 

that. There are those kinds of statements out there. But again, for 

me to take a position would introduce a bias that would hinder me 

as the Director of—— 

Senator HIRONO. Excuse me, you both said that you believe that 

science, scientific research, should inform. This is not about bias. 

We are relying on both of you to provide us with scientific data, not 

political positions, that would inform our decisions. 

Dr. Petty, what is your view? Is climate change real? 

Dr. PETTY. Yes, Senator, I want to just make sure that it’s clear 

that climate change is real. 

Senator HIRONO. Thank you. 

Dr. PETTY. And—— 

Senator HIRONO. Should our policies reflect that fact, that climate change is real? 

I will ask you, Dr. Petty. 

Dr. PETTY. Yes, I think it’s very important that we get the scientific data in the hands of decision-makers. 

Senator HIRONO. You are both going to be working in an Administration where the President denies the reality of climate change 

and I would like to know, particularly from you, Dr. Petty, since 

you at least acknowledge that climate change is real, how would 

you react if you felt political pressure to suppress data or shape results to fit a political agenda, i.e., that climate change is not real? 

Can you give me an example of when, in your public life, because 

you have worked for a number of political people as well as Administrations, when in your professional life you have stood up to political pressure to put forth what you believe is science? 

Dr. PETTY. Yes, Senator, and thank you for that question. 

I think it’s important that we realize that in the science community and as a scientist and looking at peer review that it’s important that the science is clearly communicated in that area of resources that it then can be provided to the specific decision-makers. 

So—— 

Senator HIRONO. Can you describe a time in your public life or 

a time that you have worked in various political offices where you 

have stood up to political pressure? Because that is part of your 

doctoral research, scientific knowledge into political action. You 

have a commitment to science to inform our policy decisions. When 

have you stood up to political pressure? Can you describe a time 

when that happened with you? 

Dr. PETTY. I can give you some examples of where I have seen 

and worked with it specifically, working at the University of Alaska, Fairbanks, specifically on the Tanana River which has been 

part of my research where you’re looking at different years at different times there is impact that takes place. As you build on those 

different research areas you’re always challenged with those different scientific review. 

And so, for me to be able to respond back to different examples 

is in the science community there are different reports that come 

out and you have to interact with those science communities because the scientific method and science of that is important to facilitate. 
29 

Senator HIRONO. Are you saying that you have always stood up 

to political pressure that your position is that you stand by your 

scientific research and that is what you intend to do with this Administration? 

Dr. PETTY. I would very much want to commit to you that it’s 

important that the science community is also heard and that their 

research that they’re putting forward is also heard on both communities that are supporting in those different research areas. 

Senator HIRONO. Well, with this Administration your voice is 

going to be very, very important and it’s going to need to be very 

loud. I look forward, should you be confirmed, to hear what you 

have to say. 

Dr. PETTY. Thank you, Senator. 

Senator HIRONO. Thank you very much. I will have further questions for our witnesses. 

The CHAIRMAN. Thank you, Senator Hirono. 

Senator HIRONO. Thank you. 

The CHAIRMAN. Senator Gardner. 

Senator GARDNER. Thank you, Madam Chair. 

And thank you to Dr. Capuano and Dr. Petty for your service. 

Congratulations on your appointments. Thank you for being here 

today. 

Dr. Petty, I have to admit, while I can forgive your association 

with Senator Risch and the work in his office, I do not know that 

I can ever forgive any association of water work in California. As 

a Coloradan, I am very nervous about that, so— 

[Laughter.] 

But thank you for your willingness to serve. 

Dr. Capuano, of course, the University of Colorado in your background. It is great to see a fellow University of Colorado Buffalo 

before the Committee. 

So, thank you both. 

In your testimony you talked about the work of the Bureau of 

Reclamation. Obviously something very important to us in the 

West, particularly in Colorado, when it comes to water storage and 

delivery. 

I want to talk a little bit about how vitally important a project 

the Arkansas—the Bureau of Reclamation has in Colorado called 

the Arkansas Valley Conduit affecting about 50,000 of my constituents. This is a 130-mile pipeline with spurs that would serve as 

many as 40 communities, over 50,000 people East of Pueblo, Colorado. It is a project that would deliver filtered water to an area 

that is facing economic challenges and certainly water quality challenges. We have to make sure that we are supplementing existing 

water supplies because of increasing compliance issues from the 

federal and state governments regarding salinity, radionuclide contaminations and fresh groundwater availability. 

This project, the Arkansas Valley Conduit, was authorized by 

Congress in 1962. President Kennedy actually came to Pueblo, Colorado, as part of this effort. It was not until 2009 where we 

changed some of the legislation surrounding the Arkansas Valley 

Conduit and the cost share agreements to a 65/35 split that allowed this project to move forward. 
30 

In 2017, Reclamation, as well as the Southeast Colorado Water 

Conservancy District, along with Pueblo Water, began discussions 

about a plan that would help change the layout of the pipeline design, a new concept that they came up with that would dramatically decrease the cost of the project. It is basically moving the 

pipeline a little bit further down the way so that they could hook 

up in to Pueblo Water and cut off some of the distance the pipeline 

would be required to go. 

So, in instances like this where project sponsors successfully 

pitches a partnership that successfully reduces and drastically reduces the timeline of the cost of the project, can I get your commitment that Reclamation will give projects like the Arkansas Valley 

Conduit fair consideration that it will be done, that you will do everything you can to make sure the regulatory administrative processes do not endlessly bog down projects like this and that you will 

do what you can to make the case on the value and the advanced 

timeline at OMB? 

Dr. PETTY. Yes, Senator, absolutely. 

I want to make sure that it’s clear. I was here in the hearings 

when you asked the same exact questions with Secretary Zinke as 

well as the nomination and now confirmed Deputy Secretary Bernhardt. And so, both of them have made sure that you and your 

staff will be dealing with those specifically individually. 

I think Secretary Zinke has put together a great team in the 

water and science hallway, working with Commissioner Burman on 

these specific issues. We look forward to, obviously, working with 

you and your staff, specifically, to make sure that we can bring the 

full support of Reclamation into those specific areas and projects. 

Senator GARDNER. Thank you. 

Clean, abundant, affordable water, obviously a promise Congress 

made in 1962. I would like to see that move from—— 

Dr. PETTY. Absolutely. 

Senator GARDNER. ——pipe dream to pipeline and make sure we 

get this done. 

The other issue I want to talk to you about, Dr. Petty, is in August 2015, as you know, EPA triggered a three-million-gallon spill 

of acid mine drainage into the Animas River in Southwestern Colorado. This area of Colorado is now a superfund site. EPA is responsible for remediation of the mines within the boundaries of the 

superfund listing. 

There are over 160,000 inactive or abandoned mines throughout 

the country and many in the West. If you look at the Bureau of 

Land Management within the Department of Interior, 48,000 inactive or abandoned mine sites exists. The Forest Service has over 

40,000 inactive, abandoned mines on land that it manages. You can 

imagine, if just 10 percent of these were creating environmental 

damage or harm to the environment, the sort of impact that that 

would have and the enormity of the challenge that we face. 

If you go back to the 106th Congress, you can start to see legislation that has been introduced dealing with Good Samaritan legislation. Senator Domenici, Senators Salazar, Allard, Udall, and a 

number of others, Ben Nighthorse Campbell, have worked on Good 

Samaritan legislation to address these inactive and abandoned 

mine sites. 
31 

During the 109th Congress, this Committee reported out a bill 

that was co-sponsored by Senator Allard and Senator Salazar. 

Given your expertise in hydrology, the work that you will be 

doing at Interior, you are going to hold some Interior Department 

oversight ability and be over our land management agencies as 

well. 

Can I ask your opinion of Good Samaritan legislation, where you 

think it goes and what we need to do? 

Dr. PETTY. Yes, Senator, another great point. 

Working with that—I know you have a long history, even with 

Leadville and these different areas that specifically have mine 

issues that actually translate right into specific areas of water. So 

I look forward to specifically working with you on this 2015 impact 

that, obviously, has impacted multiple downriver communities because those are the direct impacts that come out of that. 

Just based on our time and our effort, I really do look forward 

to sitting down with you, specifically, your staff, which I’ve been 

working with for multiple years now on how we can better work 

together and work with the Committee on EPW on behalf of Reclamation on these specific issues. 

Senator GARDNER. Great. Thanks, Dr. Petty, Dr. Capuano. 

Thank you. 

The CHAIRMAN. Thank you, Senator Gardner. 

Senator Heinrich. 

Senator HEINRICH. Let me start, Dr. Petty, by thanking you for 

your candid answer with regard to climate change science. 

Dr. Capuano, is gravity real? 

Dr. CAPUANO. Pardon? I didn’t hear that. 

Senator HEINRICH. Is gravity real? I mean, it is just a theory. 

[Laughter.] 

Dr. CAPUANO. Yes. Gravity is real. Yes. 

Senator HEINRICH. We can’t see it, but the data would suggest 

it is real. 

Dr. CAPUANO. Yes. 

Senator HEINRICH. What does the preponderance of the data suggest with regard to climate change? 

Dr. CAPUANO. So, the EIA does present for the data around 

greenhouse gas emissions that is used to debate on both sides of 

that, that issue. And we all know that it is very important to protect the environment and that we need to work toward that. 

But again, putting me into the position of taking a side on such 

a hotly debated issue would introduce bias as a leader of the EIA. 

And so, as an administrator I would have to refrain from answering that question. 

Senator HEINRICH. Well, let’s talk about bias then. 

Dr. CAPUANO. Yes, okay. 

Senator HEINRICH. Because the EIA has consistently and, actually, spectacularly underestimated growth in clean energy as well 

as growth in the gas sector. 

For example, solar generating capacity was 4,813 percent more 

in 2016 than the EIA predicted in 2006. As another example, EIA 

predicted that 6.5 gigawatts of new wind generating capacity would 

be installed between 2017 and 2030. We are already installing 

more than that every single year. 
32 

The data and EIA’s bias seem to have a chasm between them. 

Why do you think that is and what do you intend to do about it? 

Dr. CAPUANO. The EIA is committed to collecting and presenting 

high-quality, credible data. In the modeling, the modeling activities 

and the data that’s used in the models and the assumptions are 

transparent so that as you compare the trends with the actual data 

you can see what’s driving the deviation. 

As a technologist and with the years of experience that I’ve had, 

I am very committed to making sure that the data continues to be 

high quality, that accuracy is increased and that assumptions are 

improved. I’m highly committed to that. Independent of what the 

results are, meaning independent of what conclusion they lead you 

to, it is very important that the data quality continues to improve. 

Senator HEINRICH. Do you think there is a problem at EIA, assuming that things will continue where they are rather than looking at where the trend lines are headed? 

Dr. CAPUANO. Allow me to separate that question. 

There are assumptions in the models that are used in order to 

create scenarios and are used in order to be the foundations of the 

trends. 

Senator HEINRICH. I understand. 

Dr. CAPUANO. Those assumptions are always being looked at and 

always are—there is always room to correct those and improve 

those and look forward to conversations to do that. 

Those assumptions on the data that’s entered into the model will 

lead to results. I don’t see—I’m having difficulty with the discussion of where’s the bias has entered—is inserted into that. 

Senator HEINRICH. Well, junk in, junk out, right? I mean, that 

is what we all learn in school. 

Dr. CAPUANO. Well, the solution—— 

Senator HEINRICH. And so, if you get the assumptions spectacularly wrong, you will get data out the other end or a result out the 

other end that does not match up with the data in a sometimesspectacular fashion. And I think garbage in, garbage out, as 

my—— 

Dr. CAPUANO. Like quality in, quality out and the data that’s collected by EIA is—— 

Senator HEINRICH. Do you think those predictions, the results 

that EIA has given to all of us, have been high-quality predictions? 

Dr. CAPUANO. I believe that the information that EIA gives you 

is high quality and it is credible and that the sources are identified 

and that they can be improved continuously as the source of data 

is improved. 

Senator HEINRICH. That did not sound like a yes or no answer. 

Dr. CAPUANO. So, excuse me. 

Senator HEINRICH. Yes. 

Dr. CAPUANO. If you would mind re-asking the question, I could 

probably do a yes or no, please. 

Senator HEINRICH. Do you think the quality of the predictions 

that EIA has made to this Committee and to the public have produced good results, results that were—— 

Dr. CAPUANO. EIA does not make predictions. What EIA does is 

it takes data and it models and it shows trends. I believe those are 

high quality based upon the available information. 
33 

Senator HEINRICH. Dr. Petty, you are so lucky today. I am out 

of time, so I am going to have to save all of my questions for you 

for the record. 

But thank you once again for being able to answer a question in 

a straightforward way. 

Dr. PETTY. Thank you, Senator. I look forward to actually getting 

some time with you and your staff in the future. 

Senator HEINRICH. Thank you. 

The CHAIRMAN. Thank you, Senator Heinrich. 

Senator Flake. 

Senator FLAKE. Thank you, Madam Chair, and thank you both 

for your willingness to serve. 

Yes, Dr. Petty, you have a lot of experience, obviously at DOI, 

that will come in handy in this position because you have the Bureau of Reclamation within your purview. I am interested to know 

your views on Colorado River water. I am glad Corey left the building here. 

[Laughter.] 

Can you describe your vision for the Bureau in helping craft Colorado River policy, particularly how you see the Bureau or interacting with basin state representatives? 

Dr. PETTY. Yes. 

Well, Senator, thank you so much. I think that is a very important question, obviously, that you’re working on, you have been 

working on. You’ve been working on it for many, many years. You 

have fabulous staff that understand this question, just dealing with 

the drought contingency that you’re working through, trying to cooperate, obviously, building all the share takers. And also, obviously the new commissioner with Brenda Burman coming from 

your state. I think that the team that we’ve really put together, I 

look forward to being confirmed so that we can get specifically on 

your areas that we can work with you on how we’re going to lay 

out, specifically, it has already been in the works with your staff 

and with the state in these specific areas. 

Senator FLAKE. Thank you. 

Specifically, with outstanding water rights claims, fixing these, 

it’s obviously beneficial for all water users, not just tribes. The 

agency you will help supervise will play an important role here. 

Do you want to talk about the Bureau and USGS as it relates 

to Indian Water Settlements? 

Dr. PETTY. Yes, Senator. 

It’s very important that we continue to work through this Committee, specifically. 

A perfect example, obviously, for the State of Idaho as well, 

which we’ve been working on for multiple years with the success 

that we’ve had working with the Nez Perce tribe, but then the 

Coeur d’Alene as well as the Shoshone-Bannock tribes with water 

settlements are really important that we’ve been working on for 

years. 

I look forward to working, obviously, again, with your staff who 

fully understand the complexity of your state because I really do 

believe it becomes even specific region-by-region and area-by-area 

that you’re trying to work through each of those water settlements 
34 

on. So, I look forward to working with you, Indian Affairs at DOI, 

to work those through. 

Senator FLAKE. Great. 

There are a number of USGS institutions in Arizona. They do 

important work in research and data collection to support water 

management. These include the Grand Canyon Monitoring and Research Center in Flagstaff and the Arizona Water Science Center 

in Tucson. Can you give some sense of how you see the USGS’s role 

in continuing to provide this kind of research and data collection? 

Dr. PETTY. Yes, you know, Senator, there’s almost 300 U.S. Geological Survey staff in your state that specifically works on very 

complex areas, obviously, the Grand Canyon, the Glen Canyon 

Dam, that has been a partnership with Bureau of Reclamation and 

USGS for years on studying everything from invasives to sediment 

transport to flora and fauna within those different regions as well 

as, obviously, the ESA impacts that are there. 

Those are a combination of working together to really build the 

science that comes back to that information for U.S. policymakers 

so people here on the Hill can move forward on what is the next 

step in the future of where we can go in putting in priorities for 

those specific areas. 

Senator FLAKE. Thank you so much. 

Thank you, Madam Chair. 

The CHAIRMAN. Thank you, Senator Flake. 

Senator Franken. 

Senator FRANKEN. Thank you, Madam Chair. 

I am going to just return for a second to Senator Heinrich’s question. 

The EIA releases annual projections of long-term domestic energy consumption and generation, its annual energy outlook. Now 

over the last few years a range of studies suggest that EIA has consistently overestimated oil and gas consumption and, as Senator 

Heinrich said, vastly underestimated the growth of renewables, especially distributed solar. 

A study just last week from MIT reiterated the concerns surrounding the fossil fuel projections. The EIA responded to such 

criticisms in late 2016, but the agency has not indicated yet how 

it plans to address these inaccuracies pertaining to renewables. 

I guess the question, more specifically than what Senator Heinrich asked, is will you commit to working to improve the modeling 

when it comes to renewable energy? 

Dr. CAPUANO. So, if I am appointed I will—this is a very hot 

issue. It is a very important issue, and I’m very aware of that. It 

has big economic implications for the United States and many people rely on the EIA data in order to do their analyses and make 

decisions. 

Senator FRANKEN. Absolutely. I remember the propane—— 

Dr. CAPUANO. Absolutely. 

Senator FRANKEN. ——crisis. 

Dr. CAPUANO. Absolutely. 

Senator FRANKEN. Which, you know, partly, and listen, you get 

things wrong sometimes. 

Dr. CAPUANO. Yes. 

Senator FRANKEN. And you get things right. 
35 

Dr. CAPUANO. Yes. 

Senator FRANKEN. But on this one we are getting it wrong, consistently. 

Dr. CAPUANO. Yes. On a theoretical level improving assumptions, 

improving the types of data that go into the models, improving the 

models, are theoretical ways to improve the accuracy relative to 

actuals. 

I can commit, firmly, that if appointed to this position that I 

would be working very closely with EIA staff to understand the deviations and how to reduce that and how to improve it. 

I look forward to any kind of conversations that can help inform 

us on changes that might make the models more, track more with 

what the actuals are. 

Senator FRANKEN. Well, thank you for committing to that because, of note, the scenarios in the Annual Energy Outlook focus 

on high and low fossil fuel resources and technological change, but 

there is no scenario focusing on high renewable growth. 

Do you agree that a scenario focusing on the quickly changing 

landscape of renewables could be a way to address some of these 

issues? 

Dr. CAPUANO. Yes, I’ll acknowledge that looking hard at the scenarios and their effect on being able to inform people so that they 

can do the analysis that needs to be done is really important. And 

I commit to take a look at that. 

Again, but I’m not there yet. I don’t know the details so I 

can’t—— 

Senator FRANKEN. Okay, alright. 

In Senator Risch’s Subcommittee later this afternoon we are 

going to be talking about energy storage and energy storage is becoming more pervasive around the world, but it is not well represented in the modeling done by EIA. 

In the 2017 Annual Energy Outlook the EIA committed to continuing to update and refine projections of technological change. 

Work that is especially important for energy storage as it becomes 

more ubiquitous and increasingly grid-connected. In particular, 

EIA committed to improving the representation of energy storage 

in future modeling work. Will you make model improvements a priority for energy, especially for energy storage? 

Dr. CAPUANO. Again, not being there, not being in the position 

yet, I am aware that the EIA is working on their strategy, renewing their strategy and I look forward to working with the EIA team 

and understanding their thoughts on this and their commitments. 

I will pay special attention to these issues of storage. 

Senator FRANKEN. Because storage is a real game changer. 

Dr. CAPUANO. I understand, and I pay a lot of attention to those 

conversations. 

Senator FRANKEN. Okay. 

Dr. CAPUANO. As a citizen, I do agree. 

Senator FRANKEN. Dr. Petty, thank you for your answer on the 

USGS’s on making a commitment to not subverting scientific analyses. I know that Senator Hirono asked you that, and thank you 

for your answer. 

Madam Chair. 

The CHAIRMAN. Thank you, Senator Franken. 
36 

Senator King. 

Senator KING. Thank you. 

Mr. Petty, can you commit that you will put aside anything you 

learned from Senator Risch when you were going through this? 

[Laughter.] 

Ms. Capuano, you were interviewed for this job. You went 

through a process, I presume. Did anyone ever ask you in that 

process your views on climate change? 

Dr. CAPUANO. I get asked that a lot. 

Senator KING. Were you asked that question in the process of 

your being proposed for this position? 

Dr. CAPUANO. Actually, I don’t—it may have come up. I’m sorry, 

I just, I’m trying to remember all the conversations I’ve had. It 

may have come up. If it did come up, I did not express an opinion 

on it. 

Senator KING. Were you asked any questions about fossil fuels 

and the importance of fossil fuels to our energy future? 

Dr. CAPUANO. Well, I guess I would say that in the process of 

moving through the nomination and the potential appointment 

process, people have helped me and guided me through that process. I’m having trouble with the, you know, saying have I been 

asked my position on that, that was not the discussions around the 

process, so. 

Senator KING. So no one in the process said, what are your views 

on climate change, or I think you said maybe they did, but you 

would have said I have no opinion? Seriously? 

Dr. CAPUANO. Okay. 

I’m trying to, you know, this process has gone on since February, 

so I’m trying to remember all the conversations honestly. The topics come up but the discussion has really been on what needs to 

be done in order to get confirmed and in order to complete the process. 

Senator KING. But before you were being guided as to how to 

complete the process, somebody interviewed you to decide if you 

were the right candidate for this job. 

Dr. CAPUANO. I would say that the, you know, in the volunteering to serve, it’s not an interview for a position. 

When you volunteer to serve during an Administration, there’s 

discussions around your qualifications and discussions around your 

desire to have an impact, but I have not had discussions around 

what my position is and how that would relate to how I would execute the position, if I was appointed. 

Senator KING. So is it fair to say that your testimony is that no 

one, when they were deciding whether to appoint you to this job, 

inquired about your position on climate change? Is that accurate? 

Dr. CAPUANO. No, I said that there have—that they may have inquired and I declined to take a position. 

Senator KING. What is your position? 

Dr. CAPUANO. It would be inappropriate for me in, you know, in 

taking a position—if I complete this appointment to be EIA Administrator, if I’m successfully appointed to this position, it would be 

inappropriate for me to state a position on climate change. 
37 

The data, you know, the data are available. EIA provides the 

data. In fact, it has the high majority of the greenhouse gas data 

that is used on both sides of the argument comes from EIA. 

Senator KING. That is why I am asking you these questions. 

Dr. CAPUANO. Yes. 

However, I don’t, you know, providing the data and drawing the 

conclusion, I leave the conclusions to the people that want to set 

policy or have a debate on the issue. If I enter the debate, it taints 

my independence and I cannot present myself as unbiased—— 

Senator KING. So your testimony is you have not entered this debate at all. 

Dr. CAPUANO. No, my—I have avoided this—no—— 

Senator KING. You are avoiding telling me, but my question is 

have you told anyone else in order to gain this—— 

Dr. CAPUANO. No, I have not told anyone my position on climate 

change in order to gain the appointment. I can say that with confidence. 

Senator KING. Well, that gets to the second question which is 

really, I consider your job one of the most important in the Federal 

Government because it is all about data and we cannot make good 

policy unless we have good data. 

I hope that your position which you have stated, which I am not 

necessarily disagreeing with, means that you will be absolutely 

straight on the data and that what worries me is that people whose 

job it is to present information data such as yourself or the head 

of the EIA not be tainted by the political desires of the people who 

you are reporting to. 

Give me your commitment on that. 

Dr. CAPUANO. You have my commitment that I will follow the 

data and I will—I have been fortunate not to have been pressured 

to take a position and I would not—and I do not intend to be pressured to take a position. 

Senator KING. Thank you. 

Thank you, Madam Chair. 

The CHAIRMAN. Thank you, Senator King. 

Dr. Capuano, I think you can tell from the questions, the inquiries here that each of us wants to see that the EIA continues to play 

that role of a very unbiased, a very much independent agency, and 

I hope that is where my colleagues are trying to go with this. 

I appreciate that because I do think if you were to say that ‘‘this 

is my position,’’ rightly or wrongly, there will be others in the future that will say, aha, that conclusion was reached through EIA 

because it has an Administrator who has taken such a position. 

It is a difficult place for you to walk because, I think, around 

here it is important that we be able to articulate where we come 

from on these issues. But again, you are being asked to head an 

agency that is, is a pretty analytical agency. And if it is not analytical and weighing evenly all the data that comes in, I do appreciate 

the recognition though that it is important that that data be good, 

solid, unbiased and, you know, not the garbage in, garbage out, but 

the good in, good out. 

So, let me ask you about the, just the data collection. There’s an 

incredible amount that is collected out there. This is the world of 

big data today. 
38 

But having said that, there comes a point where the EIA does 

not necessarily need to be expanding the amount of data that it collects. You have overlapping data requirements that come to other 

agencies whether it is other agencies within DOE or FERC, CFTC, 

the private sector also provides data about energy facilities and 

markets. You have some overlap that could create inefficiencies, 

that could create burdens. 

Can you speak just a little bit to the effort that I think is important to avoid duplicative, or perhaps, overlapping, but also to making sure that as we seek to have as much data as we need, we’re 

not expanding it so far that perhaps we have additional cyber 

risks, intrusions into privacy. There is a border here. 

Dr. CAPUANO. So I can say that if I am appointed to this position 

that one of the first actions I would take is going through the strategic plan and understanding the priority of the objectives and then 

looking at how to achieve the objectives in the most efficient and 

effective way with the budget that we have. And so, while I don’t 

know the details because I’m not there yet, that is the commitment 

I can make. 

The CHAIRMAN. Are you concerned when we talk about cybersecurity and these risks, can you speak to that aspect of it? 

Dr. CAPUANO. I am very concerned, but again, I’m not in a position to talk about the details because I have not, I don’t know these 

details yet because I’m not part of EIA. 

I consider it a very important topic and it’s something that we 

all know that we need to be working to improve and secure ourselves and that the EIA data, I am sure, has a role in that. 

And so, I really do look forward to going through the strategic 

plan and setting the priorities and looking for the balances that are 

required. And we all know there’s never enough money to accomplish everything. 

Making very well thought out decisions on priorities and effectiveness is really going to be an important part of this role. 

The CHAIRMAN. We talk a lot in this Committee about cybersecurity. It is important on a host of different levels, but recognizing 

just the volume of data that EIA collects, some relating to critical 

infrastructure, other relating to data critical to well-functioning 

markets, I think it is important that cybersecurity be a high priority issue within the EIA and making sure that our critical infrastructure within the energy space is not compromised. 

Mr. Petty, I have one last question for you here relating to water 

infrastructure. 

We certainly recognize the need for water infrastructure, for hydropower and for flood control projects, to protect against drought. 

You mentioned stream gauges in Alaska. I continue to be astounded at how woefully inadequate our ability to just monitor or 

even get a baseline of what we have with our water resources. 

We have extraordinary water resources but when you have development in a certain area, before you proceed with that you need 

to have an understanding as to the adequacy of your water sources. 

In terms of water infrastructure and water management issues, 

how big of a priority do you see this in this new role that you have 

been nominated to fill? 
39 

Dr. PETTY. Senator, thank you so much for the question, and it 

is a priority. 

The infrastructure aspect that we really need to be looking at, 

even within this body, that even have had multiple hearings here, 

have specifically talked about surface, subsurface infrastructure, 

specifically with water, pertaining specifically to Alaska. It’s a huge 

challenge because you are dealing with so much adverse, even conditions in climate that absolutely destroys gauges. 

And so, every year you’re just dealing with the impact that takes 

place there. It is important that we still figure out the best way 

to gather that information and data, specifically, for the State of 

Alaska. 

I’m really confident in which is also under the U.S. Geological 

purview, which is remote sensing capabilities. The technology that 

continues to develop, obviously the importance of Landsat which 

also comes to this Committee on these different areas and issues. 

I really look forward to working with you and your staff on both 

sides of the aisle, specifically, on how we can continue to better 

gather information and data for infrastructure, infrastructure development as well with water, water quantity and water quality. 

The CHAIRMAN. I appreciate that, and I am pleased that you are 

eager to take on this position. I think, when I look at the issues 

that impact my state and the role that USGS plays whether it is 

with mineral security that we mentioned or hazards, we have our 

share of volcanoes and earthquakes and landslides and wildfires 

and flooding. USGS does considerable and important work there 

and then on the water side, again, very, very important. 

I appreciate you bringing your expertise to bear on this and look 

forward to working with you. 

Gentlemen? Senator Risch or Senator King, any further comments? 

Senator King. 

Senator KING. Dr. Capuano, I am going to say a sentence I never 

thought I would say. You’ve got my vote by not answering my question. 

[Laughter.] 

I think that was exactly right, to not answer the question for the 

reasons the Chairman stated. And I thank her, I associate myself 

with her comments. As long as you did not answer that question 

to other people, which you have told me you did not, I think that 

is an appropriate position for someone who sits astride the data 

collection process. 

What I have found and why I think your position is so important, 

in my experience in public policy if we have a shared understanding of the facts, the data, public policy is fairly straightforward and usually easy to develop. 

When we don’t have a shared understanding of the data or the 

facts, it’s almost impossible. That is why what you are doing is so 

important at this moment in time as we are trying to make important, far reaching decisions about energy policy in this country. I 

just can’t emphasize enough how important what you are doing is 

and your background. It looks to me like you were preparing for 

this job all your life, you just didn’t know it. 
40 

I just hope you will remember what you are doing is really important and, should there be efforts above you or from the side to 

influence what questions are asked, what data is presented, I hope 

you will resist them just as you did my question this morning. 

Thank you. 

The CHAIRMAN. Thank you, Senator King. 

I think that sums it up quite appropriately. 

Dr. Petty, Dr. Capuano, thank you, thank you both for being here 

this morning. Thank you for your willingness to serve. 

Again, as I mentioned in my opening, it is my intention to try 

to move both of your names before the Committee very quickly, 

hopefully so we can get things wrapped up before the end of the 

year. Both of these positions are important and necessary to Department of Interior as well as to the Department of Energy. 

Again, we thank you. With that the Committee stands adjourned. 

[Whereupon, at 11:19 a.m. the hearing was adjourned.] 
(41) 

APPENDIX MATERIAL SUBMITTED 
42 

U.S. Senate Committee on Energy and Natural Resources 

December 5, 2017 Hearing regarding the Nominations of 

Dr. Timothy R. Petty to be an Assistant Secretary of the Interior (Water and Science) and 

Dr. Linda Capuano to be Administrator of the Energy Information Administration 

Questions for the Record Submitted to Dr. Timothy Petty 

Questions from Ranking Member Maria Cantwell 

Question 1: What do you believe is the role of science in informing decision-making? 

Response: Policy decisions should be predicated on the evaluation of science as it is and 

application of the law. When scientific data is evaluated on its merits and used as a basis 

to make policy decisions that are honest to the science, policy-makers can help reduce 

conflicts and ensure that decisions are reliable and legally sound. 

Policy decisions should be grounded in scientific analysis consistent with applicable law. 

Scientists are charged with the duty of providing scientific data and analysis, and policymakers should evaluate the data on it merits. Policy decisions should be honest to the 

science and in doing so, policymakers can reduce conflicts and ensure decisions are factbased, reliable and legally sound. 

Question 2: The President's budget request proposes to cut USGS' budget by 15 percent, 

specifically cutting climate science by more than 45 percent. How will you ensure that the 

USGS is properly resourced to provide for the safety and prosperity of our country in light of 

climate change? 

Response: If confirmed, one of my responsibilities will include identifying ways to 

ensure taxpayer money is spent wisely and efficiently, while also maintaining the core 

capabilities of the USGS. I look forward to working with Congress to identify the 

appropriate funding levels needed to accomplish the critical task of providing for the 

safety and prosperity of our country. 

Question 3: We are already seeing the effects of climate change on precipitation across the west 

with decreased snowpack and earlier snowmelt. Increases in temperature also increases reservoir 

evaporation, decreasing the water supply. How will you help Reclamation adapt its water 

systems to become more resilient in light of changing conditions? 

Response: Reclamation depends upon timely and accurate data to operate water projects 

through the West. USGS' extensive network of streamgages, runoff and groundwater 

monitoring stations provide Reclamation with real-time information to adapt to changing 

conditions. I will consult with Commissioner Burman and Department leadership on the 

Bureau of Reclamation's adaptive management strategies, if confirmed. 

Questions from Senator John Barrasso 

Question 1: Over the years, the maintenance backlog at the Bureau of Reclamation has grown 

to surpass $3 billion dollars. This Congress, I re-introduced S.216, the Bureau of Reclamation 
43 

U.S. Senate Committee on Energy and Natural Resources 

December 5, 2017 Hearing regarding the Nominations of 

Dt·. Timothy R. Petty to be an Assistant Secretary of the Interior (Water and Science) and 

Dr. Linda Capuano to be Administrator of the Energy Information Administration 

Questions for the Record Submitted to Dr. Timothy Petty 

Transparency Act. This bill would require the Department of the Interior to submit an asset 

management report to Congress that describes the status of maintenance needs at Bureau of 

Reclamation facilities. 

If confirmed, how do you plan to address the deferred maintenance issues at the dams across the 

Bureau of Reclamation? 

Response: Senator, I appreciate your interest in addressing Reclamation's deferred 

maintenance backlog. I understand the importance of providing transparent data 

collection, analysis and reporting for Reclamation's assets in order to assist policymakers in allocating funding to the highest priority needs. If confirmed, I intend to 

consult with Department leadership as well as work with Congress to identify ways to 

meaningfully address this issue. 

Question 2: If confirmed, will you work to provide Congress with a comprehensive assessment 

of the major repairs needed at these facilities? 

Response: Yes. 

Question 3: I often hear from ranchers, small businesses, and even the Wyoming State Water 

office that the federal permitting process for surface water storage is long, duplicative, and 

therefore unnecessarily expensive. 

If confirmed, will you work to improve the pace at which permits are cleared? 

Response: Yes. 

Questions from Senator Ron Wyden 

Question 1: Dr. Petty, as I am sure you are aware, Oregon has its share of water management 

issues, but we also have a deep history of stakeholders coming together to work through these 

issues. Several years ago I brought together folks in the Klamath Basin to reach agreements on 

how to manage scarce water in the Basin for a variety of critical needs- tribal, agricultural 

irrigation, fish and wildlife, and recreation. We got close to passing a bill last Congress that 

would have formalized the three Klamath Basin agreements, but unfortunately some of the 

agreements expired before a bill passed. 

Have you heard about the Klamath Basin water agreements, and if so, do you have any 

initial thoughts for how to address those issues going forward? 

2 
44 

U.S. Senate Committee on Energy and Natural Resources 

December 5, 2017 Hearing regarding the Nominations of 

Dt·. Timothy R. Petty to be an Assistant Secretary of the Interior (Water and Science) and 

Dr. Linda Capuano to be Administrator of the Energy Information Administration 

Questions for the Record Submitted to Dr. Timothy Petty 

Please outline how you view your role working with Bureau of Reclamation to engage all 

stakeholders towards a basin-wide solution, if confirmed as Assistant Secretary for Water 

and Science? 

Response: I have not worked directly on Klamath Basin water issues in several years, but 

I am aware of the important role the Bureau of Reclamation has in these discussions. If 

confirmed, I will directly work with Commissioner Burman and Department leadership, 

as well as states, local governments, and tribes, on the Bureau's continued coordination in 

the Basin. 

Question 2: There is an Oregon project, Scoggins Dam just outside Portland, that is the first dam 

in the country, I believe, to be assessed using a Joint Authority to consider the possibility of 

additional water capacity while at the same time addressing the seismic issues at a facility. I 

wanted to flag this for you so you know of its importance to me and get your commitment to 

working in a collaborative way with local partners to help this Joint Project move 

forward. 

What is your familiarity with the Bureau of Reclamation's new "Joint Authority"? 

Response: I am not intimately familiar with Reclamation's execution of the new joint 

authority, but if I am confirmed, I look forward to working with you, your staff, as well 

as partners on the ground to address issues at Scoggins Dam. 

Question 3: There are several federal Indian water rights settlements currently in negotiation in 

the United States. These settlements offer the opportunity to address outstanding Indian water 

rights and resolve water supply issues with multiple benefits for Indian and non-Indian 

communities alike while avoiding protracted, costly litigation. 

One such example is the Confederated Tribes of the Umatilla Indian Reservation (CTUIR) in 

Oregon. They continue to work with the State of Oregon and local stakeholders to craft a water 

rights settlement for the Umatilla River basin without harming existing water rights holders. The 

State of Oregon is supportive. 

Can you commit to supporting federal Indian water rights settlement negotiations and to 

working with CTUIR to implement a Umatilla Basin Water Rights settlement agreement? 

Response: Based on my experience working on Indian water rights settlements in Idaho, 

I understand the importance of negotiating settlements rather than pursuing protracted 

and divisive litigation. If confirmed, I will work closely with the Bureau of Reclamation, 

the Secretary's Indian Water Rights Office, the Congress, and the Administration to 

review and advance Indian water rights settlements. 

3 
45 

U.S. Senate Committee on Energy and Natural Resources 

December 5, 2017 Hearing regarding the Nominations of 

Dt·. Timothy R. Petty to be an Assistant Secretary of the Interior (Water and Science) and 

Dr. Linda Capuano to be Administrator of the Energy Information Administration 

Questions for the Record Submitted to Dr. Timothy Petty 

Questions from Senator Steve Daines 

Question 1: A major problem in rural Montana is the lack of access to clean and reliable 

drinking water. Two rural water projects, the Musselshell-Judith Rural Water System and the 

Dry-Redwater Regional Water Authority System, have worked with Reclamation for over 12 

years each in an effort to be authorized, and millions of dollars have been spent by the federal 

government, the State of Montana, and the local communities to secure clean water in central 

and eastern Montana. I have introduced legislation, the Clean Water for Rural Communities Act, 

which would authorize these two rural water projects in Montana. Authorizing these projects is a 

key step in providing clean and safe drinking water to nearly 36,000 Montanans and North 

Dakotans. The Bureau of Reclamation has stated it is up to Congress to authorize these two 

projects, due to the Rural Water Supply Act expiring last year. I am well-aware of the existing 

funding constraints on Reclamation's resources and prior project construction commitments. 

However, as stewards of taxpayer dollars, I am concerned about the funds, staff time, and overall 

effort put into these projects, with ultimately no action taken. 

While we cannot turn back time, do you commit to ensuring Reclamation utilizes taxpayer 

dollars and limited resources appropriately and constructively? 

Response: Yes. 

Question 2: We often hear of high-profile water issues facing urban areas across the country. 

Securing the resources to ensure clean water is available for these communities receives a high 

level of attention. Do you commit to being a voice for rural communities across the West and in 

Montana that face severe water issues of their own? 

Response: Yes. I understand the importance of encouraging strong rural economies and 

ensuring safe, reliable drinking water for rural communities. 

Questions from Senator Mazie K. Hirono 

Question 1: Being an island state presents a lot of unique challenges. While Hawaii is 

sutTounded by an enormous amount of salt water, we have a limited amount of fresh water. As 

scientific discovery advances we are learning more and more about how important our native 

forests are to our fresh water supply. Yet, our native forests in Hawaii are consistently under 

attack whether it be by invasive species such as albizia, climate change, fire, or by fungal 

diseases such as Rapid Ohia Death. 

Will you commit to working with me to ensure that Hawaii receives the resources necessary to 

protect our native forests and increase our water security? 

4 
46 

U.S. Senate Committee on Energy and Natural Resources 

December 5, 2017 Hearing regarding the Nominations of 

Dr. Timothy R. Petty to be an Assistant Secretary of the Interior (Water and Science) and 

Dr. Linda Capuano to be Administrator of the Energy Information Administration 

Questions for the Record Submitted to Dr. Timothy Petty 

Response: I understand the relationship between Hawaii's native forested watersheds 

and the state's water supply, and your interest in protecting these vital resources. If 

confirmed, I look forward to working with you and your staff on addressing the 

challenges facing Hawaii. 

Question 2: I understand that you were not involved with the FY 2018 budget proposal that cut 

USGS's overall budget by 15 percent, which severely cut nearly every mission area aside from 

Energy and Mineral Resources. However, going forward, will you advocate for budget resources 

for all mission areas so that USGS can continue to collect and disseminate impartial scientific 

informationry 

Response: If confirmed, one of my responsibilities will include identifying ways to 

ensure taxpayer money is spent wisely and efficiently, while also maintaining the core 

capabilities of the USGS. Collecting and disseminating impartial scientific information 

are certainly part of those core capabilities and if confirmed, I look forward to working 

with Congress on the appropriate funding levels to accomplish these critical tasks. 

Questions from Senator Catherine Cortez Masto 

Question 1: The Bureau of Reclamation, like so many other agencies within the federal 

government, have dealt with shortfalls in budgetary funding, which has hurt our government's 

ability, at times, to partner effectively with necessary stakeholder, and have sometimes inflicted 

negative impacts on our public lands, natural resources, and conservation programs. 

Do you believe more funding would allow the Interior Department to be a better partner to 

industry and the taxpayer? 

Response: While the Department looks to Congress to determine the appropriate level of 

funding for Depat1mental activities, it is important that the Department work with 

Congress to identify budget priorities. If confirmed, I will work with the Secretary, 

Deputy Secretary, Administration, and Congress to identify appropriate funding based on 

the President's budgetary priorities. 

Question 2: The recent budget request for the Bureau of Reclamation is $1.1 billion, a cut of 

$209 million. The request proposes cuts for WaterSMAR T grants [the 50/50 cost share funding 

program used by irrigation/water districts, Tribes, and States can to quickly implement projects 

that conserve and use water more efficiently- and helping to increase use of renewable energy 

and protect fragile environment], water recycling and reuse projects, drought response, and rural 

water projects. The state of Nevada gets the least rainfall than any other state in the Nation so we 

5 
47 

U.S. Senate Committee on Energy and Natural Resources 

December 5, 2017 Hearing regarding the Nominations of 

Dt·. Timothy R. Petty to be an Assistant Secretary of the Interior (Water and Science) and 

Dr. Linda Capuano to be Administrator of the Energy Information Administration 

Questions for the Record Submitted to Dr. Timothy Petty 

have to be incredibly mindful of persistent drought conditions as well as infrastructure 

improvements. 

a. Do you believe these cuts will undermine these successful programs that help 

Nevada and the West respond to drought conditions in innovative ways? 

b. The Bureau of Reclamation operates significant facilities in both the Upper and 

Lower Colorado River Regions. How will these budget cuts affect needed 

rehabilitation of aging water delivery infrastructure in both regions? 

c. In mral communities, the availability of funding and resources to meet treatment 

standards and improve water reuse is more challenging. Do you believe that 

funding cuts will undermine your administration of these programs, if you are 

confirmed? 

Response to a. b. and c I recognize the importance of using an array of activities to 

address drought conditions in the West As lam not at the Department, I cannot speak to 

efforts to develop the recent budget request. If confirmed, I will work with the Secretary, 

Deputy Secretary, Administration, and Congress to identify funding based on the 

President's budgetary priorities. 

Question 3: Most people know the Colorado River is the economic engine of the southwest and 

supplies drinking water to 36 million Americans, and that the use of that water outstrips supply. 

The seven states, water users, federal agencies and even the country of Mexico have a history of 

close cooperation, which has become ever more important as drought and increased water 

demands have left the two big reservoirs, Lakes Powell and Mead, at all-time lows. 

Projections show that if no action is taken to reduce water use, usage restrictions could devastate 

the environment, cripple our communities and agriculture, and stall the economy. 

Several years ago, four large municipal water suppliers (Denver, Las Vegas, Phoenix and 

southern California) partnered with the U.S. Bureau of Reclamation on a pilot $11 million 

"system conservation" program. This System Conservation Program (SCP) pays water users to 

conserve and dedicate extra water to storage in Lakes Powell or Mead. The program has 

successfully demonstrated that farmers and ranchers want to participate in programs that provide 

for temporary, compensated and voluntary reductions of water use. Now demand from farmers 

and ranchers is so high that the program can only afford one in four requests. In 2016, the Senate 

voted 77 to 23 to authorize an additional $50 million for SCP, and it was included in the WllN 

(WRDA)bill 

6 
48 

U.S. Senate Committee on Energy and Natural Resources 

December 5, 2017 Hearing regarding the Nominations of 

Dt·. Timothy R. Petty to be an Assistant Secretary of the Interior (Water and Science) and 

Dr. Linda Capuano to be Administrator of the Energy Information Administration 

Questions for the Record Submitted to Dr. Timothy Petty 

As Assistant Secretary for Water and Science, will you work to continue and expand this marketbased program that compensates farmers and ranchers for voluntarily conserving water? 

Response: I am not up-to-date on the System Conservation Program but commit to 

learning more, if confirmed. 

Question 4: Regarding the Colorado River, the years-long drought in the West have taken a toll 

on our water resources, as you know. Both the Lower Basin states and the Upper Basin States 

are working to develop Drought Contingency Plans (DCP) to improve water management in way 

that stabilizes reservoir levels. Lake Mead is one of the two largest storage reservoirs on the 

Colorado River system. Lake Mead water levels are important to Nevada because they 

determine whether a shortage is declare on the Colorado River. If a shortage is declared, Nevada 

would see a reduction in its water supply. The proposed DCP specifies voluntary reductions for 

each of the Lower Basin states in order to protect the water in Lake Mead. Meanwhile, the 

Upper Basin States are reviewing the DCP and developing actions of their own as well. If an 

agreement were to be implemented, my constituents especially would have greater certainty 

about the longer-term reliability of the Colorado River, supporting the economic and 

environmental health of southern Nevada. 

As Assistant Secretary for Water and Science, will you exercise your authority and leadership to 

help the states finalize their DCPs, work with them on the legislation necessary to implement it, 

and then help them make implementation successful? Will you make finalizing the DCP a top 

priority of your office? 

Response: I am not at the Department and unaware of the status of the Drought 

Contingency Plans; however, I do understand this issue's importance. If confirmed, I 

commit to consulting with Department leadership and getting up to speed as 

expeditiously as possible. 

Question 5: As you know, USDA grant programs through its agency, the Natural Resources 

Conservation Service, provide hundreds of millions of dollars around the country for on-farm 

conservation projects that improve water management. The Bureau of Reclamation, through its 

WaterSMART water efficiency grant program, provides around $24 million annually for water 

conservation projects proposed by its beneficiaries and other water suppliers. Last June, USDA 

and Reclamation agreed to coordinate these programs for on and off farm funding to maximize 

the benefits of both programs specifically in the Colorado River Basin. 

As Assistant Secretary for Water and Science, will you commit to continue this cooperation? 

Response: As lam not at the Department, I am unaware of the agreement between 

USDA and the Bureau of Reclamation, but commit to learning more, if confirmed. 

7 
49 

U.S. Senate Committee on Energy and Natural Resources 

December 5, 2017 Hearing regarding the Nominations of 

Dr. Timothy R. Petty to be an Assistant Secretary ofthe Interior (Water and Science) and 

Dr. Linda Capuano to be Administrator of the Energy Information Administration 

Questions for the Record Submitted to Dr. Timothy Petty 

Questions from Senator Martin Heinrich 

Question 1: Climate change is one of the greatest challenges of this generation. To mitigate its 

damaging effects to our infrastructure and economy, we need to have the best science. However, 

President Trump's FY18 budget reorganizes USGS' climate research programs and cuts funding 

for these programs by 24%. This cut would abruptly end data collection tracking how wildlife 

and fisheries are being afTected by climate change, and hobble resource managers' access to the 

data they need to do their jobs. 

What is your view of USGS's climate research programsry Should we cut those programsry Or 

should we listen to their data and conclusionsry 

Response: 1 am a strong supporter of USGS's climate research programs. If confirmed, 

one of my responsibilities will include identifying ways to ensure taxpayer money is 

spent wisely and efficiently, while also maintaining the core capabilities of the USGS. 

Collecting and disseminating impartial scientific information is certainly part of those 

core capabilities and if confirmed, I look forward to working with Congress on the 

appropriate funding levels to accomplish these critical tasks. 

Question 2: It's no secret that I believe that this administration has shown a distrust of scientists 

and data, two invaluable resources that you would oversee as Assistant Secretary of the Interior 

for Water and Science. 

In New Mexico, we have several proposed water projects-one on the Gila River, and one in the 

San As>ustin basin-that could have devastating effects on the state's surface and groundwater. 

We need to be able to rely on the scientists and engineers at USGS and Reclamation to provide 

reliable data to local decision-makers. 

If confirmed, will you make sure that the USGS and the Bureau of Reclamation continue to play 

their role as science-driven honest brokers, and that resource and water management decisions 

are based on facts and datary 

Response: Yes. 

Question 3: Across the West, our quality oflife, tourism, and outdoor recreation are driving an 

economic resurgence and sustainable, healthy rivers and streams, lakes, and reservoirs are 

foundational to this economic growth. 

8 
50 

U.S. Senate Committee on Energy and Natural Resources 

December 5, 2017 Hearing regarding the Nominations of 

Dt·. Timothy R. Petty to be an Assistant Secretary of the Interior (Water and Science) and 

Dr. Linda Capuano to be Administrator of the Energy Information Administration 

Questions for the Record Submitted to Dr. Timothy Petty 

Whether on the Gila River in my state or the iconic Colorado River, how do we protect and 

promote these in-stream resources while ensuring we have reliable water supplies for farms, 

industry and municipal use? 

Response: Senator, if confirmed, I will work with Secretary Zinke and Deputy Secretary 

Bernhardt, as well as in consultation with Congress, stakeholders, and tribes, to determine 

appropriate measures to address many of the immediate water issues facing the West, 

from recreation to water supply for industry. 

Question 4: In New Mexico we have amazing resources in our Bureau of Geology and Mineral 

Resources and our Water Resources Research Institute, which receive significant funding 

through USGS' National Cooperative Geologic Mapping Program and Water Resources 

Research Act Program, respectively. However, President Trump's FY18 budget for USGS cuts 

cooperative mapping funding by 9% and eliminates funding for the Water Resources Research 

Institutes entirely. These cuts would harm important state and local data collection and the 

critical infrastructure decisions they inform. 

If confirmed, will you support these important state and local partnership programs and work 

with me to restore their funding? 

Response: While I am not currently at the Department and did not play a role in the 

President's FYJS budget, I can tell you that I have seen first hand the value USGS 

mapping activities and water resources research and information transfer. If confirmed, I 

look forward to working within the Department and with Congress to establish budget 

priorities for USGS. 

Question 5: Our rural communities depend on a secure water supply for their economic growth. 

In New Mexico, we have two shovel-ready rural water projects awaiting full funding through the 

Bureau of Reclamation: the Navajo-Gallup Water Supply and Ute Pipeline projects. 

Will you work with me to ensure these critical infrastructure projects are completed in a timely 

and cost-effective manner, so that these rural communities have a water supply they can depend 

on? 

Response: Yes. 

Question 6: The Bureau of Reclamation's WaterSmart program has been a critical source of 

funding to New Mexico utilities and irrigation districts for investments in conservation measures 

and modem, efficient water infrastructure. 

Will you work with me to increase funding and capacity for the WaterSmart program? 

9 
51 

U.S. Senate Committee on Energy and Natural Resources 

December 5, 2017 Hearing regarding the Nominations of 

Dt·. Timothy R. Petty to be an Assistant Secretary of the Interior (Water and Science) and 

Dr. Linda Capuano to be Administrator of the Energy Information Administration 

Questions for the Record Submitted to Dr. Timothy Petty 

Response: If confirmed, I will work with the Secretary, Deputy Secretary, 

Administration, and Congress to identify funding based on the President's budgetary 

priorities. 

Question from Senator Debbie Stabenow 

Question: The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) plays a critical role in developing technologies 

to combat the spread of Asian carp in the Great Lakes basin. 

If confirmed as Assistant Secretary for Water and Science, you would be responsible for 

overseeing the work conducted by USGS scientists. Can you pledge that under your leadership, 

decisions at the USGS will be guided by sound science rather than political considerations? 

Response: Yes. 

10 
52 

U.S. Senate Committee on Energy and Natural Resources 

December 5, 2017 Hearing regarding the Nominations of 

Dr. Timothy R. Petty to be an Assistant Secretary of the Interior (Water and Science) and 

Dr. Linda Capuano to be Administrator of the Energy Information Administration 

Questions for the Record Submitted to Dr. Linda Capuano 

Question from Senator Ron Wyden 

Question: Dr Capuano, in your written testimony you mentioned EIA' s "independent role in 

providing unbiased information and analysis" to inform stakeholders. However, I am concerned 

that, under the Trump administration, websites at agencies such as the Department of Energy and 

the Environmental Protection Agency have been changed to remove references to climate 

change. According to the Environmental Data and Governance Initiative, the "Energy Kids" 

page on the EIA website was revised after President Trump was inaugurated. One example of 

such a change was deleting a sentence on the coal page under the subheading, "Emissions from 

burning coal" which read, "Burning coal produces emissions that adversely affect the 

environment and human health." To me, changing a website for children because of political 

influence, either real or anticipated, is a pernicious attempt to distort the facts. 

On February 21, 2017, the EIA issued a press release saying that, "Contrary to the headlines and 

content of the articles [that had appeared in the press], EJA has never been contacted by anyone 

in the new administration regarding the content of any part ofEIA' s website." However, the ElA 

did not deny that specific change to the Energy Kids website was made after President Trump's 

inauguration. 

I am concerned that government officials, though direct or indirect political pressure, are purging 

data and analyses from the web because President Trump does not believe in climate change, as 

he has said on numerous occasions. 

Will you commit that, if appointed, EIA data, analyses, and projections will not be 

influenced by direct or indirect political pressure? 

Answer: 

If confirmed, I will be committed to the independence of all ofElA's work. l stated clearly in 

my oral testimony how important the independence ofEIA's data and analyses have been to me 

professionally. 

Question from Senator Jeff Flake 

Question: EIA has developed two metrics for assessing the marketplace competitiveness of 

energy technology- the Levelized Cost of Energy (LCOE) and the Levelized Avoided Cost of 

Energy (LACE). The LCOE is most commonly used by the media when discussing renewables, 

citing from EIA's annual reports. However, EIA has written that LCOE is "not generally 

appropriate when considering unconventional resources like wind and solar." The LACE metric 

was created to address these flaws, but is poorly understood. What are your plans for EIA to 

work on a better way to communicate LCOE, LACE and the appropriateness of each in a manner 

that is easy for the public to understand? 
53 

U.S. Senate Committee on Energy and Natuml Resources 

December 5, 2017 Hearing regarding the Nominations of 

Dr. Timothy R. Petty to be an Assistant Secretary of the Interior (Water and Science) and 

Dr. Linda Capuano to be Administrator of the Energy Information Administration 

Questions for the Record Submitted to Dr. Linda Capuano 

Answer: 

These are difficult concepts to simplify and LCOE and LACE are summaries of much more 

complex calculations performed by EIA's National Energy Modeling System and other industry 

models that represent electric capacity expansion and dispatch costs. You are likely aware that 

EIA has a substantive paper on the subject on its website that tries to explain these two concepts 

in great detail (https:!/www.eia.gov/outlooks/aeo/pdf/electricity generation.pdO. 

If confirmed as Administrator, I will work with the EIA staff to better explain these two concepts 

to the public. 

Question from Senator Steve Daines 

Question: According to the EIA, coal exports have increased from 12.6 million short tons in the 

third quarter of2016 to 21.8 million short tons in the second quarter of2017. Much of that 

growth is due to an increased use of coal in Asia. Again, according to the EIA, we have already 

doubled the amount of coal exported to Asia in 2017 as compared to 20 16 exports. Despite this 

growth, our busiest export terminals are on the east coast, with very little coming from the west 

coast terminals. Only 17% of our coal is leaving out of west coast terminals, despite 38% of our 

coal going to Asia. I believe it is important that we approve and begin construction on export 

terminals on the west coast, including the Millennium Bulk Terminal, to meet the demand for 

coal in Asia. 

EIA information is vitally important to our work here in Congress. Do you commit to providing 

science and fact-based information so that Congress and the administration have the tools we 

need to make important energy-related decisions? 

Answer: 

If confirmed by the Senate, I will maintain the highest standards of data quality and ensure the 

independence of all of EIA' s analyses. 

Question from Senator Joe .Manchin III 

Question: I'd like to stress how much we rely on the Energy Information Administration, and 

how important it is that we continue to have accurate and reliable infonnation, as it helps us 

make data driven decisions. In your written testimony you mention there are challenges facing 

the Energy Information Administration in what you call "this dynamic energy environment." 

If you could please elaborate on the challenges the Energy Information Administration currently 

faces and how do you intend to address them should you be confirmed. 

2 
54 

U.S. Senate Committee on Energy and Natural Resources 

December 5, 2017 Hearing regarding the Nominations of 

Dr. Timothy R. Petty to be an Assistant Secretary of the Interior (Water and Science) and 

Dr. Linda Capuano to be Administrator oftbe Energy Information Administration 

Questions for the Record Submitted to Dr. Linda Capuano 

Answer: 

I believe there needs to be work on EIA forecast modeling. The market is so dynamic that the 

forecasts can deviate from reality and we should work to bring these closer together. I will work 

on this topic and with the ElA staff to continue to improve the EIA short-term forecasts and 

long-term projections. 

Question from Senator Mazie K. Biro no 

Question: In Hawaii, 9 percent of all electricity comes from distributed solar systems at 

homes or businesses, the second highest level in the country. It is an important part of the 

state's effort to achieve 100 percent renewable power by 2045. The Energy and Water 

Appropriations Bill passed by the Appropriations Committee last year and this year includes 

report language I requested indicating the support of the Committee for EIA's recent efforts to 

collect information on distributed generation. EIA's practice since December 2015 of 

publishing monthly state-level estimates of small-scale solar power generation helps 

companies and regulators in Hawaii and across the nation improve forecasting of power supply 

and demand. 

If you become Administrator, will you commit to continuing the collection of monthly 

information on distributed solar capacity and generation? 

Answer: 

Yes, to the extent authorized and required by law, I will commit to EIA's continuing collection 

of monthly distributed generation information and publication of monthly solar generation 

estimates by state. My understanding is that EIA currently requires utility companies to report 

the capacity of small scale distributed generators connected to their systems. ElA also collects 

capacity and sales information from the businesses that install rooftop solar systems that they 

continue to own. All of this information is collected so it can be reported by state. 

Question: 

Will you lead efforts to expand EIA's monthly state-level information collection to other forms 

of distributed generation and energy storage beyond pumped hydropower systems? 

Answer: 

Yes, to the extent authorized and required by law. 1 understand that capacity data is currently 

collected for the following technologies: 

Photovoltaic solar 

Combustion turbines (often referred to as "micro-turbines") 

Fuel cells 

Steam turbines 

Internal combustion diesel engines 

3 
55 

U.S. Senate Committee on Energy and Natuml Resources 

December 5, 2017 Hearing regarding the Nominations of 

Dr. Timothy R. Petty to be an Assistant Secretary of the Interior (Water and Science) and 

Dr. Linda Capuano to be Administrator of the Energy Information Administration 

Questions for the Record Submitted to Dr. Linda Capuano 

Wind turbines 

Hydroelectric 

Electricity storage 

Other 

I understand that estimating the generation by technology is more challenging since this 

information is not available from the utility companies, and it is impractical to survey, for 

example, individual homeowners. EIA has developed a method to estimate generation for 

rooftop solar. I understand the next step is to develop a means of estimating generation from 

small-scale wind turbines. If confirmed, I intend to support these efforts consistent with legal 

requirements. 

Questions from Senator Tammy Duckworth 

Question 1: The Energy Information Administration (EIA) plays a critical role in ensuring we 

have accurate and timely data for policymaking. However, EIA has a long history of inaccurate 

forecasting, especially in the renewable energy sector. For example, EIA predicted in 2006 that 

approximately 0.8 gigawatts (GW) of solar power would be installed in the U.S. by the end of 

2016. The actual number was closer to 40GW 4,813% greater than EIA' s estimate. Similarly, 

EIA made inaccurate predictions for fossil fuel consumption by overestimating the total amount 

of fossil fuels we would be consuming over the same time period. 

If confirmed, how will you improve EIA's forecasting models? 

Answer: 

Forecasting models include assumptions, data, and methodologies. If confirmed, I will work 

with the EIA team to assess the quality of the assumptions and data, and the robustness of the 

methodologies that represent domestic energy markets. That assessment will lead to areas for 

focus and improvement. That focus can include collaboration with other institutions to compare 

methodologies and learn about new approaches to modeling. 

Question 2: EIA collects and presents data on greenhouse gas emissions in the energy sector, 

which is critical to infonning what our Nation's long-term climate policy should be. During 

your confirmation hearing, you stated that it would be inappropriate to comment on whether 

climate change is real. 

If confirmed, will you commit to continuing to publish EIA's greenhouse gas emission data? 

Answer: 

As I stated at the hearing, if confirmed, I will honor EIA's longstanding role as an independent 

source of information related to C02 emissions. 

4 
56 

U.S. Senate Committee on Energy and Natural Resources 

December 5, 2017 Hearing regarding the Nominations of 

Dr. Timothy R. Petty to be an Assistant Secretary of the Interior (Water and Science) and 

Dr. Linda Capuano to be Administrator of the Energy Information Administration 

Questions for the Record Submitted to Dr. Linda Capuano 

Questions from Senator Catherine Cortez Mas to 

Question 1: Have you received any directive or experienced any pressure to change the way 

EIA approaches or refers to climate change in its analyses or public reports and 

communicationsry 

Answer: 

No, I have not at alL As I stated at the hearing, if confirmed, I will honor EIA's longstanding 

role as an independent source of information related to C02 emissions. 

Question 2: A Washington Post story from May 26, 2017 quotes an anonymous DOE official 

who said career staffers were toning down climate change language on their own initiative to 

avoid attention and keep budgets intact 

I understand that statistics and analysis produced by EIA is by law independent from policy 

direction set forth by different Administrations. However, statistics and sound science must be 

communicated to the public very exactly, or else they are no longer of use for the public good 

which would go against the mission and purpose of the EIA. 

Would you be concerned ifEIA experts either expressed concern or began changing the use of 

language being used to avoid political scrutiny or unwanted attention from elsewhere in the 

Administration or from outside influence7 

Answer: 

If confirmed, I would confirm to all of EIA staff that the role of the agency is to be a source of 

quality data and objective analysis. Discussing external political views is not within the duties of 

the EIA. 

Question 3: Will you commit to maintain the openness and transparency that EIA is known for, 

and to preserve the integrity in how the data collected and presented to the public, regardless of 

the beliefs or policies held by the President, Secretary, or any other member of this 

Administration, or any external stakeholders? 

Answer: 

Yes. As stated at the hearing, if confirmed, I will honor EIA' s longstanding role as an 

independent source of information. 

5 
57 

From: 

To: 

Subject: 

Date: 

badams.ak@gmail.com on behalf of Barbara Adams 

fortherecord (Energy) 

Support for Dr. Timothy R. Petty for Assistant Secretary of the Interior (Water and Science) 

Tuesday, December 5, 2017 1:36:52 PM 

To the Committee, 

I would like to offer support for Dr. Timothy R. Petty for Assistant Secretary of the Interior 

(Water and Science). Dr. Petty was an exceptional PhD student at the University of Alaska 

Fairbanks while enrolled in my research processes courses. His tenacity, focus on quality 

science, and desire to communicate science well to decision makers, the public, and other 

scientists are key to his success, if confirmed, in his role as Assistant Secretary of the Interior. 

Tim will uphold the focus on science and data. Tim is a kind, hard working man, with high 

integrity and strong morals. He will serve the department well in his new role as he has done 

in his previous roles. 

Sincerely, 

Barbara 

Dr. Barbara L Adams 

Affiliate Assistant Professor. School of Education 

Gniversity of Alaska Fairbanks 

barbara adamsrq .. llaska.cdu 

907.460.1377 cell 
58 

BOISE, IDAHO * WASHINGTON, DC 

December 19, 2017 

Tile Honorable Lisa Murkowski 

Chairman 

Energy and Natural Resources Committee 

United States Senate 

304 Dirksen Senate Building 

Washington, DC 20510 

Re: Dr. Timothy R. Petty 

Proposed Nominee 

The Honorable Maria Cantwell 

Ranking Member 

Energy and Natural Resources Committee 

United States Senate 

304 Dirksen Senate Building 

Washington, DC 20510 

Assistant Secretary of Water and Science, U.S. Department of the Interior 

Dear Chairman Murkowski and Ranking Member Cantwell: 

I am writing to wholeheartedly endorse the nomination of Dr. Timothy R. Petty to become the 

Assistant Secretary for Water and Science at the United States Department of the Interior. 

Tim has already and ably served our Country. When I was Secretary of the Interior, I worked directly 

with Tim on many difficult issues. Dr. Petty is thoughtful, he listens to all viewpoints, and he is a 

problem solver. 

Importantly, Tim has experience in working on issues related to water and science. These skills are 

essential for the policy leader who will oversee the Bureau of Reclamation and the U.S. Geological 

Survey. If confirmed, Tim will have a keen understanding as to how the United States, and 

particularly our states, will benefit from a careful balancing of Federal authority versus the interests 

of the states in protecting water, natural resources and environment the citizens of our states live in, 

cherish, and depend on for their livelihoods. 

I look forward to this Committee's endorsement of Dr. Petty to serve at the Department of the 

Interior. Please let us know if I can provide you any further information for my endorsement of Tim 

Petty. 

GOVERNOR DIRK KEMPTHORNE 

cc: The Honorable Jim Risch 
59 

December 4, 2017 

The Honorable Usa Murkowski, Chairwoman 

The Honorable Maria Cantwell, Ranking Member 

Committee on Energy and Natural Resources 

United States Senate 

304 Dirksen Senate Office Building 

Washington, DC 20510 

Dear Chairman Murkowski, Ranking Member Cantwell and Members of the Committee: 

On behalf of the membership of the Pacific Northwest Waterways Association (PNWA), I strongly endorse 

Dr. Timothy Petty as the next Assistant Secretary for Water and Science of the U.S. Department of the 

Interior. 

PNWA is a regional trade association established in 1934 to address federal policies related to navigation 

and other transportation, trade, energy, and environmental issues. Our membership includes over 130 

public port authorities, utilities, agricultural producers, towboat companies, steamship operators and 

forest products manufacturers from Oregon, Washington, and Idaho. We encourage responsible 

management of water resources in our region, including for the safe and efficient movement of goods 

from our Northwest ports to the global marketplace. 

PNWA has worked with Dr. Petty for a number of years on issues related to Idaho State and to the entire 

Northwest. He has served as a respected leader, with a thoughtful approach to addressing extremely 

complex issues like the Columbia River Treaty and the Federal Columbia River Power System Biological 

Opinion ("FCRPS BiOp"). In his role as Deputy Legislative Director with U.S. Senator James E. Risch 

(I D), Dr. Petty has shown time and again that he is able to examine matters through a broad lens, taking 

a holistic approach to addressing opportunities and challenges for the entire Northwest and the nation. In 

addition, he is always willing to listen and thoughtfully consider varying perspectives, even when they 

differ from his own. 

Dr. Petty's expertise and approach have been invaluable to our membership, and we believe will serve 

him extremely well as Assistant Secretary for Water and Science, including overseeing the Bureau of 

Reclamation (Reclamation). Our members interact with a number of federal agencies, and work most 

closely with Reclamation as part of the FCRPS BiOP. As such, we are keenly aware of the effort ittakes 

to balance the needs of ESA-Iisted species with navigation, hydropower, irrigation and other uses. We 

realize the technical understanding, deep knowledge, and careful consideration it takes to be involved in 

solutions to these types of complicated issues with a wide range of impacts and stakeholder perspectives. 

We believe Dr. Petty is an accomplished candidate that encompasses all of these characteristics and the 

many others that are needed to lead a federal agency. 

PNWA respectfully requests that you support Dr. Petty's nomination as the next Assistant Secretary of the 

Interior for Water and Science. We are very confident that he will serve the Administration and our nation 

exceptionally well in this role. 

Sincerely, 

Kristin Meira 

Executive Director, PNWA 

Pacific Northwest Waterways Association 

516 SE Morrison Street, Suite 1000 

Portland, OR 97214 

Telephone: 503-234-8551 

Fax: 503-234-8555 
60 

c 

January 3, 2018 

Dear Senators, 

On behalf of the USGS Coalition, we would like to thank you for your prompt consideration of 

the nomination of Dr. Tim Petty to be Assistant Secretary for Water and Science at the 

Department of the Interior. The position oversees the U.S. Geological Survey and the Bureau of 

Reclamation. 

Dr. Petty brings both scientific and policy experience to the assistant secretary position, which he 

previously filled in an acting capacity. In addition to his years of experience on Capitol Hill and 

in the Department of the Interior, he has a Ph.D. in water science and policy and an M.S. in the 

geosciences. Members of the USGS Coalition who have worked with Dr. Petty have found him 

to be a willing partner. We look forward to continuing to work with him in his new capacity. 

The U.."lGS Coalition is an alliance cifmore than 85 organizations committed to the continued 

vitality of the USGS and its ability to provide critical data and services that support responsible 

natural resource steward~hip, improve resilience to natural and human-induced hazard~. and 

contribute to the long-term health, security, and prosperity of the nation. 

Sincerely, 

Elizabeth A. Duffy 

Co-chair 

Julie Palakovich Carr 

Co-chair 

0