# Patent

## Title
Treatment of waste water from uranium ore preparation

## Abstract

This is a division of application Ser. No. 552,311 (now U.S. Pat. No. 3,930,770), filed Feb. 24, 1975, which was a continuation of prior application Ser. No. 308,563, filed on Nov. 21, 1973 (now abandoned), which in turn was a division of prior application Ser. No. 72,083 filed on Sept. 14, 1970 (now also abandoned).

## Background
The present invention relates broadly to a method and apparatus for forming a headpiece on a preformed tubular body, and is more particularly concerned with providing a mold cavity in which to form a headpiece on a thin-walled preformed plastic or laminate tube, such as a bag intended for use in an aerosol can.

Various methods are used for forming a headpiece on a preformed tubular body. In one commonly-used method, a preformed tubular body is placed upon a internal shoulder forming member which has a diameter smaller than the inside diameter of the tubular body which allows a slight tolerance or clearance between the internal shoulder forming member and the tubular body. Then the internal shoulder forming member is inserted into an opposing female forming member such that the top end of the tubular body carried on the internal shoulder forming member extends beyond the head end of the internal shoulder forming member and abuts an inwardly curved inside surface of the opposing female member. The curved inside surface of the female member forms and bends or rolls the end of the tubular body inwardly effecting a tight sealing fit with the outside surface of the tubular body.

In order to prevent thermoplastic material from escaping through the tolerance or clearance between the inside surface of the tubular body and the internal shoulder forming member, or so-called "blow-up" of the molten material during the molding of the headpiece, it is necessary to maintain a tight sealing fit also between the internal shoulder forming member and the inside surface of the tubular body. Up to the present time, this has been accomplished by providing the inside surface of the female forming member, at a location directly opposite the top outer edge of the internal shoulder forming member, with a slightly smaller inside diameter than its overall inside diameter so that simultaneously as the internal shoulder forming member reaches the end of its insertion stroke this portion of the female member with the reduced diameter, together with the top outer edge of the internal shoulder forming member, will "squeeze" the tubular body to form a tight seal.

However, the above approach requires the maintenance of extremely precise tolerances and presents complications when one desires to automatically load preformed tubes onto the internal shoulder forming member, particularly, in the case of loading small tubes with thin-walled constructions, such as contemplated for use as bag elements in aerosol cans.

The present invention overcomes this problem by using a internal shoulder forming member, with a substantially undersized diameter relative to the inside diameter of the tube body, having an expandable washer at its head end. The use of this expandable washer, in conjunction with the undersized diameter of the internal shoulder forming member, enables a loose fitting installation of the tube body automatically onto the internal shoulder forming member prior to the headpiece forming operation.

The conically-shaped washer is normally in a contracted form, being retained by the bottom end of the cylindrical head of a internal neck forming member which is mounted for axial movement within the head end of the internal shoulder forming member. After the internal shoulder forming member with the tube body loosely fitted thereon is inserted into the female forming member and when it has moved therein toward its closed position relative to the female member at the end of its forward stroke, the top end of the cylindrical head of the internal neck forming member makes contact with the female member and depresses or retracts into the internal shoulder forming member as the internal shoulder forming member continues to advance forward to the end of the stroke. As the final advance of the internal shoulder forming member cause the internal neck forming member to retract, the head end of the advancing internal shoulder forming member expands the periphery of the washer to effect a peripheral contact of the washer with the inside diameter of the tube body establishing a tight sealing fit between the internal shoulder forming member, the tube body and the female forming member to define a mold cavity. While the forming elements are maintained in this position, molten thermoplastic material is introduced into the mold cavity to form the headpiece on the preformed tube body.

The present invention provides a method and apparatus for forming a headpiece on a preformed tubular body. A internal shoulder forming member having an undersized diameter is loosely fitted with the preformed tubular body. Provision is also made for air assist means within the internal shoulder forming member to lubricate the outside surface of the internal shoulder forming member concurrently as the preformed tube body is being loosely fitted on the internal shoulder forming member. Toward the end of the forward stroke of the internal shoulder forming member a conically-shaped washer mounted on the bottom of the cylindrical head of a internal neck forming member, which is mounted for axial movement within the head of the internal shoulder forming member, peripherally expands when the top of the cylindrical head of the internal neck forming member contacts the female forming member and retracts into the internal shoulder forming member as the internal shoulder forming member continues to advance to the end of its stroke. The advancing head of the internal shoulder forming member actually forces the washer to peripherally expand. At the end of the forward stroke, the internal shoulder forming member has assumed a closed position in relation to the female forming member and the periphery of the expanding washer has contacted the tube body to effect a tight sealing fit between the internal shoulder forming member, the tube body and the female member to define a mold cavity in which the headpiece is subsequently formed by the introduction of molten thermoplastic material therein.

FIG. 1 is a vertical sectional view through the forming apparatus showing the conical, expandable washer in its initial contracted position;

FIG. 2 is a vertical sectional view through the forming apparatus showing the conical, expandable washer in its expanded position just before introduction of the molten thermoplastic material to form the headpiece on the preformed tube body;

FIG. 3 is a vertical sectional view through the forming apparatus showing the conical, expandable washer in its expanded position just after formation of the headpiece.

FIG. 4 is a vertical sectional view through the forming apparatus showing the conical, expandable washer in its final contracted position; and

FIG. 5 is a perspective enlarged view of the conical, expandable washer.

In FIG. 1 of the drawings, forming apparatus, generally designated 10, is shown embodying the novel concept of the present invention. The apparatus 10 comprises in the exemplary embodiment illustrated a female forming member, generally designated 11, having a stationary die housing 12 which may be formed of separable parts retained in position by a ring member 14. The housing 12 is of generally an inverted cup shape and interiorly thereof is provided with a flat wall 16 and an inclined wall 18 which receive an external neck forming means 20 taking the form of a plurality of separable thread plates spring-pressed outwardly in a manner known to the art.

The resilient force urging the thread plates 20 outwardly is opposed by a collar member, or matrice, 22 retained within the die housing 12 by the ring member 14, the matrice 22 being maintained in the position of FIG. 1 by an outer movable sleeve member, 24. The outer movable sleeve member 24 is supported in a known manner, such as that shown in U.S. Pat. No. 3,207,833 which issued on Sept. 21, 1965.

An inner sleeve member, 26 is axially passaged as at 28 and receives therein the stem portion 30 of an internal shoulder forming member, generally designated 32, shown as also having an enlarged head portion 34 engageable with the upper end of the inner sleeve member 26. The inner sleeve member 26 and the internal shoulder forming member 32 are bolted or otherwise secured together by a set screw 36 so as to be movable in unison.

The internal shoulder forming member 32 has a central passageway 38 in which is axially movably mounted an internal neck forming member, generally designated 40, which has a hollow stem portion 42 and a substantially cylindrical head portion 44. The hollow stem portion 42 of the internal neck forming member 40 has a central bore 46 and openings 48 which communicate with channels 50 through the head portion 34 of the internal shoulder forming member 32 by which path an air flow is used to "lubricate" the outside surface 52 of the internal shoulder forming member 32 during the loose fitting installation of a tube body 54 onto the internal shoulder forming member 32 prior to the headpiece forming operations which will be described hereinafter.

An expandable BELLEVILLE washer, generally designated 56, shown separately in FIG. 5, which has a conically-shaped wall 58 and a flat top 60 with a center hole, generally designated 62, therein is secured by conventional means to the peripheral bottom end 64 of the cylindrical head portion 44 of the internal neck forming member 40, with the stem portion 42 of the internal neck forming member 40 extending through the hole 62 of the washer 56.

In FIGS. 1 and 4, the washer 56 appears in its normal or contracted position, while in FIGS. 2 and 3, it appears in its expanded position. The washer 56 is actuated between these two positions through contact of its conically shaped wall 58 with the head portion 34 of the internal shoulder forming member 32 during axial movement of the internal shoulder forming member 32 in relation to the female forming member 11 when the internal shoulder forming member 32 is close to the end of its inward stroke within the female member 11, or, in other words, when the internal shoulder forming member 32 and the female member 11 have nearly assumed a closed relationship or position.

The internal shoulder forming member 32 is axially movable relative to the female member 11 under the action of suitable hydraulic or pneumatic means or the like (not shown).

When the internal shoulder forming member 32 with the tube body 54 loosely fitted thereon is inserted into the female forming member 11, the top end 61 of the tube body 54 extends beyond the outer edge 63 of the head end 34 of the internal shoulder forming member 32 and abuts an inwardly curved inside surface 65 of the opposing female member 11. The curved surface 65 of the female member 11 forms and bends the top end 61 of the tube body 54 inwardly effecting a tight sealing fit with the outside surface 66 of the top end 61 of the tube body 54. However, if it was not for the provision of the washer 56, there would be no sealing fit between the inside surface 68 of the tube body 54 and the outside surface 70 of the head end 34 of the internal shoulder forming member 32, in view of the fact that the tube body 54 was initially loosely fitted onto a internal shoulder forming member 32 having an undersized diameter relative to the inside diameter of the tube body 54.

The internal neck forming member 40 has a spacer ring 72 at the bottom end of its hollow stem portion 42 which regulates the amount of peripheral expansion which the washer 56 may undergo. Normally the resiliency of the washer 56 to retain its unexpanded or contracted condition, causes the axially movable internal neck forming member 40 to maintain what may be termed an "up" position as shown in FIGS. 1 and 4. In this position the spacer ring 72 is flush against the bottom of the internal shoulder forming member 32. As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the internal neck forming member 40 is in a "down" position, such resulting from the movement of the internal shoulder forming member 32 into a closed position relative to the female forming member 11. When the internal shoulder forming member 32 reaches this closed relationship, a kiss-off element 74 on the top of cylindrical head portion 44 of the internal neck forming member 40 makes contact with the die housing 12 of the female forming member 11 and terminates the upward or forward movement of the internal neck forming member 40 while the internal shoulder forming member 32 still continues to move forward. From this point on, only the internal shoulder forming member 32 moves upward or forward, all the while, peripherally expanding the washer 56 as it moves forward until it reaches the end of its insertion stroke at which time the upper surface 76 of the internal shoulder forming member head 34 becomes contiguous with the conically-shaped wall 58 of the washer 56. At this point, the outer peripheral edge 78 of the washer has contacted the inside surface 68 of the tube body 54 adjacent to the top end 61 of the tube body 54 and has functionally effected a tight sealing fit, generally designated 79, between the internal shoulder forming member 32, the tube body 54 and the female forming member 11 to define a mold cavity 80, generally designated, into which molten thermoplastic material 82 is subsequently introduced to form the headpiece 84 of the tube body 54.

Following the formation of the headpiece 84, the internal shoulder forming member 32 is partially retracted out of the female forming member 11 causing the washer 56 to contract or return to its normal position, as shown in FIG. 4, and the formed article is ejected from the female forming member substantially as described in U.S. Pat. No. 3,207,833.

It is thought that the invention and many of its attendant advantages will be understood from the foregoing description and it will be apparent that various changes may be made in the form, construction and arrangement of the parts and that changes may be made in the steps of the method described and their order of accomplishment without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention or sacrificing all of its material advantages, the form hereinbefore described being merely a preferred or exemplary embodiment thereof.

## Claims

1. A method of molding a headpiece on a tubular body, comprising the steps of: member, said cavity being defined by a surface of said female forming member, said surface being configured to define an external surface of a headpiece for said tubular body; surface of a headpiece and having a peripherally-expandable portion, within the tubular body adjacent its open end; with the inner surface of the tubular body, and in turn urging the outer surface of the tubular body into sealing engagement with the surface of said forming member, with the tubular body, washer and cavity surface thereby cooperatively defining at least a portion of a mold cavity for forming a headpiece on the body; and headpiece on the body.

2. The method of claim 1 wherein said step of introducing said flowable synthetic resinous material is effected by injection.

3. A method of molding a headpiece on a tubular body, comprising the steps of: an opening thereinto, said surface being configured to define an external surface of a headpiece and said cavity being adapted to received therein an open-ended tubular body with the open end thereof seated within said cavity; flowing air along said male member so as to lubricate and thereby facilitate the movement of said tubular body thereonto, said male member having a generally conical, hollow washer mounted adjacent one end thereof and configured to define at least a portion of the internal surface of said headpiece, said washer having a continuous circumferentially expandable portion disposed within the tubular body adjacent its open end when said body is fully mounted on said male member; cavity, to seat the open end of said body therewithin; engagement with the inner surface of said tubular body, and in turn urging the outer surface of said body into sealing engagement with the surface of said forming member, said tubular body, washer and cavity surface thereby cooperatively defining at least a portion of the mold cavity for forming a headpiece on the body; and headpiece on the body.

4. The method of claim 3 wherein said step of introducing said flowable synthetic resinous material is effected by injection.

5. The method of claim 3 with the added steps of partially retracting the male member from said female forming member causing said washer to contract and ejecting said body from said female forming member.