United States

Department of

Agriculture

Natural

Resources

Conservation

Service

In cooperation with

the West Virginia

Agricultural and Forestry

Experiment Station and

the United States

Department of Agriculture,

Forest Service

Soil Survey of

Greenbrier County,

West Virginia

General Soil Map

The general soil map, which is a color map, shows the survey area divided into groups

of associated soils called general soil map units. This map is useful in planning the use

and management of large areas.

To find information about your area of interest, locate that area on the map, identify the

name of the map unit in the area on the color-coded map legend, then refer to the

section General Soil Map Units for a general description of the soils in your area.

Detailed Soil Maps

The detailed soil maps can be useful in planning the use and management of small

areas.

To find information about your area of interest, locate

that area on the Index to Map Sheets. Note

the number of the map sheet and turn to

that sheet.

Locate your area

of interest on the

map sheet. Note

the map unit

symbols that are

in that area. Turn

to the Index to

Map Units (see

Contents), which

lists the map units

by symbol and

name and shows

the page where

each map unit is

described.

The Contents

shows which table

has data on a specific land use for each detailed soil map unit. Also see the Contents

for sections of this publication that may address your specific needs.

Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

i

How To Use This Soil Survey
Additional information about the Nation’s natural resources is available online

from the Natural Resources Conservation Service at http://www.nrcs.usda.gov.

ii

Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

This soil survey is a publication of the National Cooperative Soil Survey, a joint

effort of the United States Department of Agriculture and other Federal agencies,

State agencies including the Agricultural Experiment Stations, and local agencies. The

Natural Resources Conservation Service (formerly the Soil Conservation Service) has

leadership for the Federal part of the National Cooperative Soil Survey.

Major fieldwork for this soil survey was completed in 1998. Soil names and

descriptions were approved in 2002. Unless otherwise indicated, statements in this

publication refer to conditions in the survey area in 1998. This survey was made

cooperatively by the Natural Resources Conservation Service; the West Virginia

Agricultural and Forestry Experiment Station; and the United States Department of

Agriculture, Forest Service. The survey is part of the technical assistance furnished to

the West Virginia Conservation Agency and the Greenbrier Valley Conservation

District.

Soil maps in this survey may be copied without permission. Enlargement of these

maps, however, could cause misunderstanding of the detail of mapping. If enlarged,

maps do not show the small areas of contrasting soils that could have been shown at

a larger scale.

The U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) prohibits discrimination in all its

programs and activities on the basis of race, color, national origin, age, disability, or,

where applicable, sex, marital status, familial status, parental status, religion, sexual

orientation, genetic information, or political beliefs; as a means of reprisal; or because

all or part of an individual’s income is derived from any public assistance program.

(Not all prohibited bases apply to all programs.) Persons with disabilities who require

alternative means for communication of program information (Braille, large print,

audiotape, etc.) should contact USDA’s TARGET Center at 202-720-2600 (voice and

TDD).

To file a complaint of discrimination, write to USDA, Director, Office of Civil Rights,

1400 Independence Avenue, SW, Washington, DC 20250-9410 or call 800-795-3272

(voice) or 202-720-6382 (TDD). USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer.

Cover: A variety of landforms and land uses in an area east of Muddy Creek Mountain, looking

northeast toward Lewisburg.
iii

Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

How To Use This Soil Survey.......................................................................................i

Foreword ..................................................................................................................... ix

General Nature of the County ...................................................................................... 1

Settlement................................................................................................................ 2

Farming .................................................................................................................... 2

Transportation Facilities ........................................................................................... 3

Physiography, Relief, and Drainage ......................................................................... 3

Climate..................................................................................................................... 3

Geology ................................................................................................................... 4

How This Survey Was Made ........................................................................................ 7

General Soil Map Units .............................................................................................. 9

1. Potomac-Chavies-Philo-Atkins ....................................................................... 9

2. Melvin-Lindside ............................................................................................. 10

3. Frederick-Caneyville-Frankstown.................................................................. 10

4. Cateache-Culleoka ....................................................................................... 11

5. Macove-Gilpin ............................................................................................... 12

6. Lily-Dekalb .................................................................................................... 12

7. Berks-Dekalb ................................................................................................ 13

8. Blackthorn-Mertz-Dekalb-Elliber ................................................................... 13

9. Weikert-Berks ............................................................................................... 14

10. Mandy-Snowdog ........................................................................................... 15

Detailed Soil Map Units ........................................................................................... 17

AlB—Allegheny loam, 3 to 8 percent slopes ......................................................... 18

AlC—Allegheny loam, 8 to 15 percent slopes ....................................................... 20

An—Atkins-Philo-Potomac complex ...................................................................... 21

BaE—Belmont silt loam, 15 to 35 percent slopes, very rocky ............................... 24

BcC—Berks channery loam, 3 to 15 percent slopes, very stony .......................... 26

BcE—Berks channery loam, 15 to 35 percent slopes, very stony ........................ 27

BcF—Berks channery loam, 35 to 55 percent slopes, very stony ........................ 29

BkG—Berks, Weikert, and Calvin soils, 55 to 80 percent slopes, very

stony ................................................................................................................ 31

BlC—Berks-Dekalb complex, 3 to 15 percent slopes, very stony ......................... 33

BlE—Berks-Dekalb complex, 15 to 35 percent slopes, very stony ....................... 35

BlF—Berks-Dekalb complex, 35 to 55 percent slopes, very stony........................ 37

BrE—Berks-Weikert complex, 15 to 35 percent slopes, very stony ...................... 39

BrF—Berks-Weikert complex, 35 to 55 percent slopes, very stony ...................... 41

BtC—Blackthorn very channery loam, 3 to 15 percent slopes, extremely

stony ................................................................................................................ 43

BtE—Blackthorn very channery loam, 15 to 35 percent slopes, extremely

stony ................................................................................................................ 45

BxF—Briery-Rock outcrop complex, very steep.................................................... 47

CbC—Calvin-Dekalb-Berks complex, 3 to 15 percent slopes, very stony ............ 49

CbE—Calvin-Dekalb-Berks complex, 15 to 35 percent slopes, very stony........... 52

CbF—Calvin-Dekalb-Berks complex, 35 to 55 percent slopes, very stony ........... 54

Contents
iv

Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

CeF—Caneyville-Frederick-Rock outcrop complex, karst, 35 to 60 percent

slopes .............................................................................................................. 57

CfB—Cateache silt loam, 3 to 8 percent slopes .................................................... 59

CfC—Cateache silt loam, 8 to 15 percent slopes.................................................. 61

CfD—Cateache silt loam, 15 to 25 percent slopes ................................................ 63

CfE—Cateache silt loam, 25 to 35 percent slopes ................................................ 65

CfF—Cateache silt loam, 35 to 55 percent slopes ................................................ 67

CgC—Cateache silt loam, 3 to 15 percent slopes, very stony .............................. 69

CgE—Cateache silt loam, 15 to 35 percent slopes, very stony ............................ 71

CgF—Cateache silt loam, 35 to 55 percent slopes, very stony............................. 73

Ch—Chavies fine sandy loam ............................................................................... 75

CpB—Cookport loam, 3 to 8 percent slopes ......................................................... 77

CuB—Culleoka loam, 3 to 8 percent slopes .......................................................... 78

CuC—Culleoka loam, 8 to 15 percent slopes ....................................................... 80

CuD—Culleoka loam, 15 to 25 percent slopes ..................................................... 82

CyE—Culleoka loam, 25 to 35 percent slopes, very stony ................................... 84

CyF—Culleoka loam, 35 to 55 percent slopes, very stony.................................... 85

DeC—Dekalb channery sandy loam, 3 to 15 percent slopes, very stony ............. 87

DeE—Dekalb channery sandy loam, 15 to 35 percent slopes, very stony ........... 89

DeF—Dekalb channery sandy loam, 35 to 55 percent slopes, very stony ........... 90

DhC—Dekalb-Hazleton complex, 3 to 15 percent slopes, very stony ................... 92

DhE—Dekalb-Hazleton complex, 15 to 35 percent slopes, very stony ................. 94

DhF—Dekalb-Hazleton complex, 35 to 55 percent slopes, very stony ................. 96

DkF—Dekalb-Rock outcrop complex, 35 to 80 percent slopes, extremely

stony ................................................................................................................ 98

Du—Dunning silty clay loam, karst ...................................................................... 100

ElF—Elliber extremely channery silt loam, 35 to 55 percent slopes ................... 102

ErB—Ernest silt loam, 3 to 8 percent slopes ....................................................... 103

EsC—Ernest silt loam, 3 to 15 percent slopes, extremely stony ......................... 105

FaE—Faywood silt loam, 15 to 35 percent slopes, very rocky ............................ 107

FaF—Faywood silt loam, 35 to 55 percent slopes, very rocky ............................ 109

FkB—Frankstown silt loam, karst, 3 to 8 percent slopes..................................... 110

FkC—Frankstown silt loam, karst, 8 to 15 percent slopes .................................. 112

FkD—Frankstown silt loam, karst, 15 to 25 percent slopes ................................ 114

FoC—Frankstown silt loam, karst, 3 to 15 percent slopes, very rocky ................ 116

FoE—Frankstown silt loam, karst, 15 to 35 percent slopes, very rocky .............. 118

FrB—Frederick silt loam, karst, 3 to 8 percent slopes ......................................... 120

FrC—Frederick silt loam, karst, 8 to 15 percent slopes ....................................... 122

FrD—Frederick silt loam, karst, 15 to 25 percent slopes ..................................... 125

FyC—Frederick-Caneyville complex, karst, 3 to 15 percent slopes, very

rocky .............................................................................................................. 127

FyE—Frederick-Caneyville complex, karst, 15 to 35 percent slopes, very

rocky .............................................................................................................. 129
v

Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

GaC—Gauley channery sandy loam, 3 to 15 percent slopes, extremely

stony .............................................................................................................. 131

GaE—Gauley channery sandy loam, 15 to 35 percent slopes, extremely

stony .............................................................................................................. 133

GnC—Gilpin channery silt loam, 8 to 15 percent slopes..................................... 135

GnD—Gilpin channery silt loam, 15 to 25 percent slopes................................... 137

GpC—Gilpin channery silt loam, 3 to 15 percent slopes, very stony .................. 139

GpE—Gilpin channery silt loam, 15 to 35 percent slopes, very stony ................ 141

Ho—Holly silt loam .............................................................................................. 143

KxF—Kaymine-Rock outcrop complex, very steep ............................................. 144

LcC—Leatherbark silt loam, 0 to 15 percent slopes, very stony ......................... 146

LgB—Lily sandy loam, 3 to 8 percent slopes ...................................................... 148

LgC—Lily sandy loam, 8 to 15 percent slopes .................................................... 150

LhE—Lily sandy loam, 15 to 35 percent slopes, very stony ................................ 152

Lo—Lobdell silt loam ........................................................................................... 153

MaB—Macove channery silt loam, 3 to 8 percent slopes ................................... 155

MaC—Macove channery silt loam, 8 to 15 percent slopes ................................. 157

MaD—Macove channery silt loam, 15 to 25 percent slopes ............................... 158

McC—Macove channery silt loam, 3 to 15 percent slopes, very stony ............... 160

McE—Macove channery silt loam, 15 to 35 percent slopes, very stony ............. 162

MeF—Macove-Gilpin complex, 35 to 55 percent slopes, very stony .................. 164

MkC—Mandy channery silt loam, 3 to 15 percent slopes, very stony................. 166

MkE—Mandy channery silt loam, 15 to 35 percent slopes, very stony ............... 168

MkF—Mandy channery silt loam, 35 to 55 percent slopes, very stony ............... 169

MkG—Mandy channery silt loam, 55 to 80 percent slopes, very stony .............. 171

Ml—Melvin-Lindside complex .............................................................................. 173

MzC—Mertz channery silt loam, 8 to 15 percent slopes, very stony .................. 175

MzE—Mertz channery silt loam, 15 to 35 percent slopes, very stony ................ 177

No—Nolin silt loam .............................................................................................. 179

Ph—Philo silt loam............................................................................................... 181

Po—Pope fine sandy loam .................................................................................. 182

Pt—Potomac very gravelly fine sandy loam ........................................................ 184

PuA—Purdy silt loam, 0 to 3 percent slopes ....................................................... 185

Qu—Quarry, limestone ........................................................................................ 187

Se—Sensabaugh loam ........................................................................................ 188

SfB—Shouns channery silt loam, 3 to 8 percent slopes ..................................... 189

SfC—Shouns channery silt loam, 8 to 15 percent slopes ................................... 191

ShC—Shouns channery silt loam, 3 to 15 percent slopes, extremely stony ....... 193

ShE—Shouns channery silt loam, 15 to 35 percent slopes, extremely stony ..... 194

ShF—Shouns channery silt loam, 35 to 55 percent slopes, extremely stony ..... 196

SmC—Simoda silt loam, 3 to 15 percent slopes, very stony............................... 198

SoC—Snowdog silt loam, 3 to 15 percent slopes, extremely stony .................... 200

SoE—Snowdog silt loam, 15 to 35 percent slopes, extremely stony .................. 201
vi

Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

SoF—Snowdog silt loam, 35 to 55 percent slopes, extremely stony .................. 203

SvC—Summers very channery sandy loam, 0 to 15 percent slopes, very

stony .............................................................................................................. 204

Tp—Tioga-Potomac complex .............................................................................. 207

TrC—Trussel silt loam, 3 to 15 percent slopes, very stony .................................. 209

Uf—Udifluvents-Fluvaquents complex................................................................. 210

Ux—Udorthents, smoothed-Rock outcrop complex ............................................ 212

WeC—Weikert channery silt loam, 8 to 15 percent slopes ................................. 213

WeD—Weikert channery silt loam, 15 to 25 percent slopes ............................... 215

WeF—Weikert channery silt loam, 25 to 55 percent slopes ............................... 217

WrG—Weikert-Berks-Rough complex, 55 to 80 percent slopes, very

stony .............................................................................................................. 218

ZoA—Zoar silt loam, 0 to 3 percent slopes ......................................................... 221

Use and Management of the Soils........................................................................ 225

Interpretive Ratings ............................................................................................. 225

Rating Class Terms ......................................................................................... 225

Numerical Ratings ........................................................................................... 225

Crops and Pasture ............................................................................................... 226

Yields per Acre ................................................................................................ 227

Land Capability Classification ......................................................................... 228

Prime Farmland ................................................................................................... 229

Agricultural Waste Management .......................................................................... 230

Forest Productivity and Management .................................................................. 232

Forest Productivity ........................................................................................... 233

Forest Management ........................................................................................ 233

Recreation ........................................................................................................... 235

Wildlife Habitat ..................................................................................................... 239

Engineering ......................................................................................................... 242

Building Site Development .............................................................................. 243

Sanitary Facilities ............................................................................................ 244

Construction Materials .................................................................................... 246

Water Management ......................................................................................... 248

Soil Properties ........................................................................................................ 251

Engineering Index Properties .............................................................................. 251

Physical and Chemical Properties ....................................................................... 252

Soil and Water Features ...................................................................................... 255

Classification of the Soils ..................................................................................... 259

Soil Series and Their Morphology ............................................................................ 259

Allegheny Series .................................................................................................. 260

Atkins Series ........................................................................................................ 261

Belmont Series .................................................................................................... 262

Berks Series ........................................................................................................ 264

Blackthorn Series ................................................................................................ 266

Briery Series ........................................................................................................ 267
vii

Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

Calvin Series ....................................................................................................... 269

Caneyville Series ................................................................................................. 271

Cateache Series .................................................................................................. 272

Chavies Series..................................................................................................... 274

Cookport Series ................................................................................................... 276

Culleoka Series ................................................................................................... 277

Dekalb Series ...................................................................................................... 278

Dunning Series .................................................................................................... 280

Elliber Series ....................................................................................................... 281

Ernest Series ....................................................................................................... 283

Faywood Series ................................................................................................... 285

Fluvaquents ......................................................................................................... 287

Frankstown Series ............................................................................................... 287

Frederick Series................................................................................................... 289

Gauley Series ...................................................................................................... 291

Gilpin Series ........................................................................................................ 293

Hazleton Series ................................................................................................... 294

Holly Series ......................................................................................................... 295

Kaymine Series.................................................................................................... 297

Leatherbark Series .............................................................................................. 298

Lily Series ............................................................................................................ 301

Lindside Series .................................................................................................... 302

Lobdell Series ...................................................................................................... 303

Macove Series ..................................................................................................... 305

Mandy Series ....................................................................................................... 306

Melvin Series ....................................................................................................... 308

Mertz Series ........................................................................................................ 310

Nolin Series ......................................................................................................... 311

Philo Series.......................................................................................................... 312

Pope Series ......................................................................................................... 313

Potomac Series ................................................................................................... 314

Purdy Series ........................................................................................................ 316

Rough Series ....................................................................................................... 317

Sensabaugh Series ............................................................................................. 318

Shouns Series ..................................................................................................... 319

Simoda Series ..................................................................................................... 321

Snowdog Series................................................................................................... 323

Summers Series .................................................................................................. 324

Tioga Series ........................................................................................................ 326

Trussel Series ...................................................................................................... 327

Udifluvents ........................................................................................................... 328

Udorthents ........................................................................................................... 329

Weikert Series ..................................................................................................... 329

Zoar Series .......................................................................................................... 331
viii

Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

Formation of the Soils ........................................................................................... 335

Factors of Soil Formation ..................................................................................... 335

Parent Material, Time, and Climate ................................................................. 335

Living Organisms ............................................................................................. 336

Topography ...................................................................................................... 336

Morphology of the Soils ....................................................................................... 336

References .............................................................................................................. 339

Glossary .................................................................................................................. 341

Tables ...................................................................................................................... 361

Table 1.—Temperature and Precipitation ............................................................ 362

Table 2.—Freeze Dates in Spring and Fall .......................................................... 363

Table 3.—Growing Season .................................................................................. 363

Table 4.—Acreage and Proportionate Extent of the Soils ................................... 364

Table 5.—Land Capability and Yields Per Acre of Crops and Pasture ................ 366

Table 6.—Capability Class and Subclass ............................................................ 372

Table 7.—Prime Farmland ................................................................................... 372

Table 8a.—Agricultural Waste Management ....................................................... 373

Table 8b.—Agricultural Waste Management........................................................ 389

Table 8c.—Agricultural Waste Management ........................................................ 404

Table 9.—Forestland Productivity ........................................................................ 420

Table 10a.—Forestland Management.................................................................. 437

Table 10b.—Forestland Management .................................................................. 448

Table 10c.—Forestland Management .................................................................. 459

Table 10d.—Forestland Management.................................................................. 471

Table 10e.—Forestland Management.................................................................. 481

Table 11a.—Recreation ....................................................................................... 492

Table 11b.—Recreation ....................................................................................... 507

Table 12a.—Building Site Development .............................................................. 522

Table 12b.—Building Site Development............................................................... 536

Table 13a.—Sanitary Facilities ............................................................................ 551

Table 13b.—Sanitary Facilities............................................................................. 567

Table 14a.—Construction Materials..................................................................... 581

Table 14b.—Construction Materials ..................................................................... 592

Table 15.—Water Management ........................................................................... 607

Table 16.—Engineering Index Properties ............................................................ 620

Table 17.—Physical Properties of the Soils ......................................................... 699

Table 18.—Chemical Properties of the Soils ....................................................... 721

Table 19.—Water Features .................................................................................. 737

Table 20.—Soil Features ..................................................................................... 753

Table 21.—Classification of the Soils .................................................................. 761

 Issued May 2007
ix

Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

This soil survey contains information that affects land use planning in this survey

area. It contains predictions of soil behavior for selected land uses. The survey also

highlights soil limitations, improvements needed to overcome the limitations, and the

impact of selected land uses on the environment.

This soil survey is designed for many different users. Farmers, foresters, and

agronomists can use it to evaluate the potential of the soil and the management

needed for maximum food and fiber production. Planners, community officials,

engineers, developers, builders, and home buyers can use the survey to plan land

use, select sites for construction, and identify special practices needed to ensure

proper performance. Conservationists, teachers, students, and specialists in

recreation, wildlife management, waste disposal, and pollution control can use the

survey to help them understand, protect, and enhance the environment.

Various land use regulations of Federal, State, and local governments may impose

special restrictions on land use or land treatment. The information in this report is

intended to identify soil properties that are used in making various land use or land

treatment decisions. Statements made in this report are intended to help the land

users identify and reduce the effects of soil limitations on various land uses. The

landowner or user is responsible for identifying and complying with existing laws and

regulations.

Great differences in soil properties can occur within short distances. Some soils

are seasonally wet or subject to flooding. Some are too unstable to be used as a

foundation for buildings or roads. Clayey or wet soils are poorly suited to use as

septic tank absorption fields. A high water table makes a soil poorly suited to

basements or underground installations.

These and many other soil properties that affect land use are described in this soil

survey. Broad areas of soils are shown on the general soil map. The location of each

soil is shown on the detailed soil maps. Each soil in the survey area is described, and

information on specific uses is given. Help in using this publication and additional

information are available at the local office of the Natural Resources Conservation

Service or the Cooperative Extension Service.

Ronald L. Hilliard

State Conservationist

Natural Resources Conservation Service

Foreword

1

Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

GREENBRIER COUNTY is in the southeastern part of West Virginia (fig. 1). It is the

second largest county in the State and has a total area of 655,800 acres, or nearly

1,025 square miles. The county is very irregular in shape because mountain ridges

form the boundaries on the east and southeast and Meadow River is the boundary

on the northwest. The Virginia-West Virginia state line is the eastern boundary. The

county’s longest dimension, which runs from east to west, is about 51 miles. The

maximum distance from north to south is about 41 miles. The Greenbrier River is the

major river in the county. In 2000, the population of Greenbrier County was 34,453

(FedStats n.d.). The major enterprises in the county are agriculture, wood industries,

coal mining, small factories, and the

tourism industry.

This soil survey updates an earlier

survey of Greenbrier County (Gorman

and others 1972). This update

provides expanded information on the

soils and their uses and includes

interpretations not included in the

previous soil survey.

General Nature of the

County

This section provides information

about some of the natural and

cultural factors that affect land use in

the county. It describes settlement;

Soil Survey of

Greenbrier County,

West Virginia

By Donald G. Flegel, Natural Resources Conservation

Service

Soils surveyed by Donald G. Flegel, Timothy A. Dilliplane,

Scott L. Hoover, S. Jason Teets, and Jennifer Brookover,

Natural Resources Conservation Service, and Linton

Wright, Jr., Forest Service

United States Department of Agriculture, Natural

Resources Conservation Service,

in cooperation with

the West Virginia Agricultural and Forestry Experiment

Station and the United States Department of Agriculture,

Forest Service

Figure 1.—Location of Greenbrier County in

West Virginia.
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

2

farming; transportation facilities; physiography, relief, and drainage; climate; and

geology.

Settlement

Greenbrier County was formed in 1778 from parts of Montgomery and Botetourt

Counties by an act of the Virginia General Assembly passed on January 12, 1778.

Between 1758 and 1761, about 100 people settled on Muddy Creek Mountain and on

the Big Levels, or Great Savanna, the site of Lewisburg (fig. 2). This settlement was

destroyed in 1763, and for the next 5 years, the area was depopulated until a

peaceful resolution was reached by settlers and Native Americans in 1765. The first

permanent settlement was made by Col. John Lewis in 1768 on the present site of

Lewisburg, which was then known as Lewis Springs. In 1774, Fort Union, which was

later renamed Fort Savanna, was built. In the same year, war broke out again and

continued until the warriors were subdued by Col. Andrew Lewis and his volunteer

militia of 1,500 men, which was organized at Fort Union (Vessel, Swann, and Fridley

1941).

The earliest settlers were principally from Scotland and Ireland. They established

homes in the vicinity of Lewisburg. A few German immigrants settled throughout the

limestone valley, and probably in the late 19th century, other German immigrants took

up residence on Butlers Mountain. Several persons of Irish descent settled in Raders

Valley (Vessel, Swann, and Fridley 1941).

Farming

In 1997, the county had 303 farms and a total of 184,359 acres of farmland

(U.S. Department of Commerce 1999). Between 1992 and 1997, the total acreage

of farmland in the county increased by 4,623 acres, but the average size of farms

decreased slightly from 255 to 254 acres.

Figure 2.—Lewisburg, the county seat, is located in a large sinkhole in the area of the county called

“Big Levels.”
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

3

The main agricultural enterprises in the county are raising beef cattle, sheep, and

poultry and dairying plus the production of corn, oats, pasture, and hay. Raising cattle

provides the greatest source of farm income in the county. Most farms are operated

on a part-time basis.

Transportation Facilities

The transportation needs of Greenbrier County are served by Federal and state

highways and by a railroad system in the southern and western sections of the

county. Interstate 64 runs east-west through the southern half of the county and,

for the most part, is paralleled by U.S. Route 60. U.S. Route 219 runs north-south

through the center of the county. West Virginia Routes 20, 12, and 92 also run

north-south. Route 20 is in the western part of the county, Route 12 is directly west

of the center of the county, and Route 92 is in the eastern part of the county.

Physiography, Relief, and Drainage

Greenbrier County lies in both the Eastern Allegheny Plateau and Mountains and

the Southern Appalachian Ridges and Valleys Major Land Resource Areas. The

dividing line between these two areas roughly follows the west side of the Greenbrier

River.

The landforms of the county show the effects of orogenic movement coupled with

erosional forces. Elevation, kind and position of rock, position of drainage courses,

and climate are factors that also affect the type of topography in the county. The

plateau and mountain area has nearly horizontal rocks that contain many resistant

layers at the higher elevations with more weatherable rock below. This results in a

dendritic drainage pattern. The ridge and valley area is slightly to strongly folded, and

faults occur in several areas with resistant layers that are separated by large

expanses of more weatherable rock. This results in a trellis drainage pattern.

The western part of the county, or plateau and mountain area, is generally higher

in elevation and lower in temperature and has a greater amount of precipitation than

that of the eastern part of the county, or ridge and valley area. As a result of these

factors, a rugged and complicated relief exists (Price 1939). The highest and lowest

elevations in the survey area are 4,372 feet at Grassy Knob at the junction of Old

Field Mountain and Cold Knob Mountain and 1,520 feet along the Greenbrier River at

the point where it leaves the county, which is the common corner of Greenbrier,

Monroe, and Summers Counties.

Climate

This section was prepared by the National Water and Climate Center, Natural Resources Conservation

Service, in Portland, Oregon.

Winters are cold and snowy at the higher elevations in Greenbrier County. They

are also cold in the valleys, but intermittent thaws preclude a long-lasting snow cover.

Summers are fairly warm on mountain slopes and very warm with occasional very hot

days in the valleys. Rainfall is evenly distributed during the year, but it is appreciably

heavier on the windward, west-facing slopes than in the valleys. Normal annual

precipitation is adequate for all crops, although summer temperatures and the length

of the growing season, particularly at the higher elevations, may be inadequate.

The divide of the Allegheny Mountains, the main topographic barrier of the Eastern

Allegheny Plateau and Mountains resource area, runs through the county, directly

west of center, and forms a “rain shadow” that shelters the eastern portion of the

county from the prevailing storm systems that move from northwest to southeast. For

this reason, climate data recorded in the western part of the county will show lower
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

4

average temperatures and higher average precipitation than the data recorded at

Lewisburg in the eastern part of the county.

Table 1 gives data on temperature and precipitation for the survey area as

recorded at Lewisburg in the period 1971 to 2000. Table 2 shows probable dates of

the first freeze in fall and the last freeze in spring. Table 3 provides data on length of

the growing season. The data on the number of thunderstorm days, relative humidity,

percent sunshine, and wind were estimated based on that recorded at Beckley, West

Virginia.

In winter, the average temperature is 33.1 degrees F and the average daily

minimum temperature is 23.0 degrees. The lowest temperature on record, which

occurred on December 23, 1989, is -22 degrees. In summer, the average temperature

is 69.7 degrees and the average daily maximum temperature is 81.7 degrees. The

highest recorded temperature, which occurred on July 17, 1988, is 98 degrees.

Growing degree days are shown in table 1. They are equivalent to “heat units.”

During the month, growing degree days accumulate by the amount that the average

temperature each day exceeds a base temperature (40 degrees F). The normal

monthly accumulation is used to schedule single or successive plantings of a crop

between the last freeze in spring and the first freeze in fall.

The total annual precipitation is about 40.60 inches. Of this, 18.4 inches, or

45 percent, usually falls in May through September. The growing season for most

crops falls within this period. The heaviest 1-day rainfall during the period of record

was 4.06 inches on July 19, 1954. Thunderstorms occur on about 47 days each year,

and most occur in July.

The average seasonal snowfall is about 28.5 inches. The greatest snow depth at

any one time during the period of record was 33 inches recorded on January 12,

1996. On the average, 19 days of the year have at least 1 inch of snow on the ground.

The heaviest 24-hour snowfall on record was 20 inches recorded on April 3, 1901,

and again on March 14, 1993.

The average relative humidity in midafternoon is about 61 percent. Humidity is

higher at night, and the average at dawn is about 83 percent. The sun shines

61 percent of the time possible in summer and 39 percent in winter. The prevailing

wind is from the southeast. Average windspeed is highest, 9.6 miles per hour, in

March.

Geology

The surface rocks in the county are of sedimentary origin. The county can be

divided into four areas that have somewhat different geologic features.

The area in the headwaters of the Meadow and Cherry Rivers and their tributaries

is an eroded plateau where the ridgetops and upper side slopes are comprised of the

Kanawha, New River, and Pocahontas Formations of the Pottsville Group of

Pennsylvanian age. The middle and lower side slopes consist of the Bluestone,

Princeton, and Hinton Formations of the Mauch Chunk Group of Mississippian age.

The Pottsville Group on ridgetops usually consists of sandstone and conglomerate. At

the higher elevations these positions are occupied by the Gauley, Summers,

Leatherbark, and Simoda soils. The Pottsville Group and the Bluestone and Princeton

Formations of the Mauch Chunk Group on the upper and middle side slopes consist

of yellow and brown shale and siltstone. Mandy soils are on these sites, and

Snowdog and Trussel soils are on the footslopes. The strip-mined areas in the

Pottsville Group are covered by the Briery soils at the higher elevations, such as Cold

Knob. At the lower elevations in the Pottsville Group and Bluestone and Princeton

Formations of the Mauch Chunk Group, the Gilpin and Lily soils are on the ridgetops,

the Gilpin soils are on the side slopes, and the Macove soils are on the footslopes.

The Kaymine soils are in strip-mined areas at these lower elevations. The lower side
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

5

slopes that are in the Hinton Formation of the Mauch Chunk Group are comprised

mainly of siltstone and shale. The reddish Cateache soils and the yellowish Culleoka

soils are on the side slopes, and the reddish Shouns soils and yellowish Macove soils

are on the footslopes.

The central part of the county includes the flats along the Greenbrier River, west to

the area previously described. This area is comprised, in part, by the Bluefield

Formation of the Mauch Chunk Group, which consists mainly of siltstone and shale. It

is in the vicinity of Leonard and runs in a southwesterly direction to Alderson. The

reddish Cateache soils and the yellowish Culleoka soils are on the side slopes, and

Shouns and Macove soils are on the footslopes. Lily, Dekalb, Berks, and Cookport

soils are on large flats that are made up of massive sandstone (fig. 3) on Muddy

Creek and Brushy Mountains. The Greenbrier Group, which is directly below the

Bluefield Formation, consists of limestone and calcareous shale (fig. 4). It reaches its

maximum exposure in the Richlands area, also known as Big Levels. Frederick,

Caneyville, and Frankstown soils are on the side slopes and in rolling areas, Shouns

soils are on the footslopes and benches, and Dunning soils are in the upland

depressions. The Maccrady Series consists primarily of red shale and siltstone and

some thin-bedded sandstone. Cateache and Shouns soils are in areas of this

geologic deposit. The Pocono Group mainly consists of several hard sandstone

members that form many of the ridges and flats near the Greenbrier River. It also

includes some shale and siltstone. Dekalb and Berks soils are generally on side

slopes, and Lily soils are in more level areas, which is especially evident in the area

north and south of Auto.

Figure 3.—A view from Muddy Creek Mountain looking west to younger geology.
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

6

The remaining two areas are in the eastern half of the county. The area containing

the oldest rock in the county starts at White Sulphur Springs and extends

northeastward into Pocahontas County. This area is highly folded and faulted and is

comprised of lower Devonian, Silurian, and Ordovician rocks. The Huntersville Chert

and the Oriskany Formation, which is comprised of massive sandstone, form the

flanks of this area with outcrops on Bobs Ridge and Coles Mountain and create the

shoulders or “knobs” paralleling Beaver Lick Mountain. Elliber, Dekalb, and Hazleton

soils are in areas of these geologic deposits. The Helderberg Group is comprised

primarily of limestone. The dominant soil is Faywood. Blackthorn soils are in areas

where the limestone has been blanketed by coarse colluvial material. The Silurian

age materials are made up of the Cayugan Series, the McKenzie Formation, the

Clinton Group, and the Tuscarora Sandstone. The Cayugan Series is comprised of

thin-bedded, platy limestone, shale, and a sandstone member. Faywood, Berks, and

Dekalb soils formed in these materials. The McKenzie Formation consists of

limestone. Faywood and Blackthorn soils formed in this material. The Clinton Group

and the Tuscarora Sandstone, combined with the Ordovician-aged Juniata Formation,

form the rugged landscape that is on Beaver Lick Mountain. The Clinton Group is

comprised of shale, sandstone, and what has been called “ironstone.” The Tuscarora

is a massive, white quartzitic sandstone that carries a siliceous cement, which makes

Figure 4.—Culverson Creek disappears into a limestone opening near Unus.
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

7

it the most resistant rock in the county (Price 1939). The Juniata Formation, which is

composed of alternating red sandstone and red sandy shales, is the oldest deposit

exposed in the county. It outcrops on the west side of Beaver Lick Mountain, along

the Burr Fault. Calvin, Dekalb, and Berks soils are on this rugged landscape.

The final area forms a U-shaped band around the previously described area. The

material here is of Upper and Middle Devonian age. It is comprised of a very narrow

band of the Hampshire Formation, the Chemung Group, the Brallier Formation, and

the Millboro Shales. Also included is the Mississippian-age Pocano Group that, in this

area, is mainly along the West Virginia-Virginia state line. The Pocano Group consists

mostly of several hard sandstone members, most notably Meadow Creek, Allegheny,

and Kates Mountains, that form ridges in this area. It also includes some shale and

siltstone. Lily soils are on the broader ridgetops, and Dekalb and Berks soils are on

some of the ridges and on the side slopes. The Hampshire Formation is made up of

shale, siltstone, and sandstone and is in a very narrow band to the west and east of

the previously described area. This formation is so narrow and similar to the overlying

and underlying geologic layers, that the soils are the same as those of the other

geologic layers. The Chemung Group comprises the largest single assemblage of

beds in Greenbrier County (Price 1939). It consists of yellowish brown interbedded

sandstone and shale. Berks, Weikert, and Rough soils are in this geologic layer. The

Brallier Formation is comprised mainly of gray shale but includes some siltstone and

fine grained sandstone. This formation weathers to form the low, rounded hills that are

adjacent to the major drainageways in the area, such as Anthony Creek and Little

Creek. Weikert soils are on the residual portions of this geologic formation, Macove

and Ernest soils are on the footslopes, and Atkins, Philo, and Potomac soils are in the

alluvial areas. The Millboro Shales are comprised of black and greenish gray fissile

shales, some of which are the most erodible rocks in the county. Weikert soils are in

the residual areas, which are usually low, rolling hills. Many of these areas are also

covered with colluvial material, originating in the lower Devonian, Silurian, and

Ordovician Systems. Mertz soils are in these areas.

How This Survey Was Made

This survey was made to provide information about the soils and miscellaneous

areas in the survey area. The information includes a description of the soils and

miscellaneous areas and their location and a discussion of their suitability, limitations,

and management for specified uses. Soil scientists observed the steepness, length,

and shape of the slopes; the general pattern of drainage; the kinds of crops and

native plants; and the kinds of bedrock. They dug many holes to study the soil profile,

which is the sequence of natural layers, or horizons, in a soil. The profile extends from

the surface down into the unconsolidated material in which the soil formed. The

unconsolidated material is devoid of roots and other living organisms and has not

been changed by other biological activity.

The soils and miscellaneous areas in the survey area are in an orderly pattern that

is related to the geology, landforms, relief, climate, and natural vegetation of the area.

Each kind of soil and miscellaneous area is associated with a particular kind of

landform or with a segment of the landform. By observing the soils and miscellaneous

areas in the survey area and relating their position to specific segments of the

landform, a soil scientist develops a concept or model of how they were formed. Thus,

during mapping, this model enables the soil scientist to predict with a considerable

degree of accuracy the kind of soil or miscellaneous area at a specific location on the

landscape.

Commonly, individual soils on the landscape merge into one another as their

characteristics gradually change. To construct an accurate soil map, however, soil

scientists must determine the boundaries between the soils. They can observe only a
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

8

limited number of soil profiles. Nevertheless, these observations, supplemented by an

understanding of the soil-vegetation-landscape relationship, are sufficient to verify

predictions of the kinds of soil in an area and to determine the boundaries.

Soil scientists recorded the characteristics of the soil profiles that they studied.

They noted soil color, texture, size and shape of soil aggregates, kind and amount of

rock fragments, distribution of plant roots, reaction, and other features that enable

them to identify soils. After describing the soils in the survey area and determining

their properties, the soil scientists assigned the soils to taxonomic classes (units).

Taxonomic classes are concepts. Each taxonomic class has a set of soil

characteristics with precisely defined limits. The classes are used as a basis for

comparison to classify soils systematically. Soil taxonomy, the system of taxonomic

classification used in the United States, is based mainly on the kind and character of

soil properties and the arrangement of horizons within the profile. After the soil

scientists classified and named the soils in the survey area, they compared the

individual soils with similar soils in the same taxonomic class in other areas so that

they could confirm data and assemble additional data based on experience and

research.

While a soil survey is in progress, samples of some of the soils in the area

generally are collected for laboratory analyses and for engineering tests. Soil

scientists interpret the data from these analyses and tests as well as the fieldobserved characteristics and the soil properties to determine the expected behavior

of the soils under different uses. Interpretations for all of the soils are field tested

through observation of the soils in different uses and under different levels of

management. Some interpretations are modified to fit local conditions, and some new

interpretations are developed to meet local needs. Data are assembled from other

sources, such as research information, production records, and field experience of

specialists. For example, data on crop yields under defined levels of management are

assembled from farm records and from field or plot experiments on the same kinds of

soil.

Predictions about soil behavior are based not only on soil properties but also on

such variables as climate and biological activity. Soil conditions are predictable over

long periods of time, but they are not predictable from year to year. For example, soil

scientists can predict with a fairly high degree of accuracy that a given soil will have a

high water table within certain depths in most years, but they cannot predict that a

high water table will always be at a specific level in the soil on a specific date.

After soil scientists located and identified the significant natural bodies of soil in the

survey area, they drew the boundaries of these bodies on aerial photographs and

identified each as a specific map unit. Aerial photographs show trees, buildings,

fields, roads, and rivers, all of which help in locating boundaries accurately.

The descriptions, names, and delineations of the soils in this survey area do not

fully agree with those of the soils in adjacent survey areas. Differences are the result

of a better knowledge of soils, modifications in series concepts, or variations in the

intensity of mapping or in the extent of the soils in the survey areas.
9

Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

The general soil map in this publication shows broad areas that have a distinctive

pattern of soils, relief, and drainage. Each map unit on the general soil map is a

unique natural landscape. Typically, it consists of one or more major soils or

miscellaneous areas and some minor soils or miscellaneous areas. It is named for

the major soils or miscellaneous areas. The components of one map unit can occur in

another but in a different pattern.

The general soil map can be used to compare the suitability of large areas for

general land uses. Areas of suitable soils can be identified on the map. Likewise,

areas where the soils are not suitable can be identified.

Because of its small scale, the map is not suitable for planning the management of

a farm or field or for selecting a site for a road or building or other structure. The soils

in any one map unit differ from place to place in slope, depth, drainage, and other

characteristics that affect management.

1. Potomac-Chavies-Philo-Atkins

Nearly level, very deep, poorly drained to somewhat excessively drained, loamy soils

formed in alluvium derived from sandstone, siltstone, shale, and chert; on flood plains

and low stream terraces

The landscape is characterized by broad, nearly level flood plains. Some areas of

this map unit are cut by stream channels that flow only during periods of high water.

Cobbles are in areas of the map unit, mainly along streams and old stream channels.

The better drained soils are generally parallel and adjacent to the streams, and the

wetter soils are generally farther from the streams. The native vegetation is

dominantly hardwoods with some conifers.

This map unit makes up about 3 percent of the survey area. It is about 15 percent

Potomac soils, 12 percent Chavies soils, 12 percent Philo soils, 11 percent Atkins

soils, and 50 percent soils of minor extent.

These very deep, somewhat excessively drained, nearly level Potomac soils are on

flood plains and are subject to frequent flooding. They formed in alluvial material

washed from acid and limy soils on uplands. They have a dark brown, medium

textured surface layer and a brown and yellowish brown, coarse textured substratum.

These very deep, well drained, nearly level Chavies soils are on low stream

terraces and are subject to rare flooding. They formed in alluvial material washed

from acid and limy soils on uplands. They have a brown, medium textured surface

layer and a brown and yellowish brown, medium textured substratum.

These very deep, moderately well drained, nearly level Philo soils are on flood

plains and are subject to occasional flooding. They formed in alluvial material washed

from acid soils on uplands. They have a dark grayish brown, medium textured surface

layer and a yellowish brown, medium textured substratum.

These very deep, poorly drained, nearly level Atkins soils are on flood plains and

are subject to frequent flooding. They formed in alluvial material washed from acid

General Soil Map Units
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

10

soils on uplands. They have a dark grayish brown, medium textured surface layer and

a grayish brown and brown, medium textured substratum.

Of minor extent in this map unit are the well drained Allegheny, Nolin, Pope,

Sensabaugh, and Tioga soils, the moderately well drained Lobdell soils, and the

poorly drained Holly and Purdy soils.

About 90 percent of this unit has been cleared and is used intensively for row

crops, hay, or pasture. Wooded areas are generally small in size and parallel the

streams.

The main hazard affecting most uses of these soils is the flooding.

2. Melvin-Lindside

Nearly level, very deep, poorly drained and moderately well drained, silty soils formed

in alluvium derived from siltstone, shale, limestone, and sandstone; on flood plains

The landscape is characterized by broad, nearly level flood plains. Some areas of

this map unit are cut by stream channels that flow only during periods of high water.

The better drained soils are generally parallel and adjacent to the streams, and the

wetter soils are generally farther from the streams. The native vegetation is

dominantly hardwoods with some conifers.

This map unit makes up about 2 percent of the survey area. It is about 50 percent

Melvin soils, 35 percent Lindside soils, and 15 percent soils of minor extent.

These very deep, poorly drained, nearly level Melvin soils are on flood plains and

are subject to frequent flooding. They formed in alluvial material washed from acid

and limy soils on uplands. They have a dark grayish brown, medium textured surface

layer and a dark grayish brown, medium textured substratum.

These very deep, moderately well drained, nearly level Lindside soils are on flood

plains and are subject to occasional flooding. They formed in alluvial material washed

from acid and limy soils on uplands. They have a dark brown, medium textured

surface layer and a dark brown, brown, and yellowish brown, medium textured

substratum.

Of minor extent in this map unit are the well drained Allegheny and Shouns soils.

About 90 percent of this unit has been cleared and is used intensively for hay or

pasture. Wooded areas are generally small in size and parallel the streams.

The main limitations affecting most uses of these soils are the wetness and the

flooding.

3. Frederick-Caneyville-Frankstown

Gently sloping to very steep, moderately deep, deep, and very deep, well drained,

clayey and loamy soils formed in limestone with some sandstone, siltstone, and

shale; on uplands

The landscape is characterized by a relatively vast expanse of rolling farmland

known as the Big Levels. This map unit mainly occurs as a broad, rolling plateau

peppered with sinkholes. Surface drains exist, but nearly all become subsurface

drains before leaving the map unit. Rock outcrop and stones are in some areas on

the steeper side slopes. The native vegetation is dominantly hardwoods.

This map unit makes up about 13 percent of the survey area. It is about 39 percent

Frederick soils, 23 percent Caneyville soils, 14 percent Frankstown soils, and

24 percent soils of minor extent.

These very deep, well drained, gently sloping to very steep Frederick soils are on

rolling hills and side slopes. They formed in material weathered from limestone. They

have a dark yellowish brown, medium textured surface layer and a strong brown,

yellowish red, and red, fine textured subsoil.
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

11

These moderately deep, well drained, gently sloping to very steep Caneyville soils

are on rolling hills and side slopes. They formed in material weathered from

limestone. They have a brown, medium textured surface layer and strong brown and

yellowish red, fine textured subsoil.

These deep and very deep, well drained, gently sloping to strongly sloping

Frankstown soils are on rolling hills. They formed in material weathered from

limestone that includes layers of limy shale. They have a very dark grayish brown,

medium textured surface layer and yellowish brown and strong brown, medium

textured subsoil.

Of minor extent in this map unit are the well drained Culleoka and Cateache soils

on the upper side slopes, moderately well drained soils, and the poorly drained

Dunning soils in upland depressions.

About 95 percent of this map unit has been cleared and is used for general

livestock farming and the production of winter forage and cash crops. The map unit is

also used for homesite and community development. The wooded areas occur as

small, scattered farm woodlots. A few limestone quarries are in the map unit.

The main limitations affecting most uses of these soils are the slope, a shrink-swell

potential, slow permeability, and the depth to bedrock.

4. Cateache-Culleoka

Gently sloping to very steep, moderately deep, well drained, loamy soils formed in

siltstone, shale, and some sandstone; on mountainous uplands and foothills

The landscape is characterized by broad, strongly sloping ridgetops and very

steep side slopes broken by long, narrow, moderately steep benches. Drainageways

have cut into the side slopes forming very steep coves. Stones and boulders are

common in areas of this map unit, and sandstone and limestone outcrops form bands

across some of the slopes. A narrow map unit in the eastern part of the county is

characterized by gently sloping to steep foothills that are not covered with stones and

boulders. The native vegetation is dominantly northern hardwoods.

This map unit makes up about 22 percent of the survey area. It is about

38 percent Cateache soils, 31 percent Culleoka soils, and 31 percent soils of minor

extent.

These moderately deep, well drained, gently sloping to very steep Cateache soils

are on ridgetops and side slopes. They formed in material weathered from brown and

dark reddish brown siltstone, shale, and fine grained sandstone. They have a dark

brown, medium textured surface layer and a dark reddish brown and reddish brown,

medium textured subsoil.

These moderately deep, well drained, gently sloping to very steep Culleoka soils

are on ridgetops, side slopes, and benches. They formed in material weathered from

siltstone, shale, and fine grained sandstone. They have a very dark grayish brown,

medium textured surface layer and a yellowish brown and strong brown, medium

textured subsoil.

Of minor extent in this map unit are the well drained Dekalb, Lily, and Berks soils

on uplands and Shouns soils on footslopes.

About 75 percent of this map unit is wooded and used for timber production,

recreation, or wildlife habitat. Sugar maple, American beech, black cherry, and

northern red oak are at the higher elevations of the map unit, and black locust,

black walnut, and shagbark hickory are at the lower elevations. Cleared areas are

used for pasture with the less sloping areas being used for the production of winter

forage.

The main limitations affecting most uses of these soils are the slope, the stones on

the soil surface, and downslope soil movement.
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

12

5. Macove-Gilpin

Gently sloping to very steep, moderately deep and very deep, well drained, loamy

soils formed in siltstone, shale, and sandstone; on mountainous uplands, benches,

and footslopes

The landscape is characterized by broad ridgetops that give way to very steep,

rugged hillsides. Stones are on most of the side slopes with scattered sandstone

outcrops along the ridgetops. The native vegetation consists mainly of hardwoods

and some conifers.

This map unit makes up about 15 percent of the survey area. It is about 48 percent

Macove soils, 27 percent Gilpin soils, and 25 percent soils of minor extent.

These very deep, well drained, strongly sloping to very steep Macove soils are on

footslopes, benches, and side slopes. They formed in colluvial material derived from

sandstone, siltstone, and shale. They have a dark brown, medium textured surface

layer and a yellowish brown, medium textured subsoil.

These moderately deep, well drained, gently sloping and strongly sloping Gilpin

soils are on ridgetops and benches. They formed in material weathered from

siltstone, shale, and fine grained sandstone. They have a very dark grayish brown,

medium textured surface layer and a yellowish brown, medium textured subsoil.

Of minor extent in this map unit are the well drained Dekalb and Lily soils on

ridgetops and side slopes, the Kaymine soils on strip-mined benches, and the

moderately well drained Cookport soils on ridgetops.

About 85 percent of this unit is woodland. It is used for timber production,

recreation, and wildlife habitat. A mixed-mesophytic timber type dominates the map

unit. Chestnut oak and hickories dominate ridgetops and the upper side slopes with

south aspects. White oak dominates the middle side slopes with yellow-poplar, red

maple, white ash, northern red oak, and eastern white pine mixed in the stand on

north aspects and footslopes. Cleared areas are used for pasture and hay.

The main limitations affecting most uses of these soils are the slope, the stones on

the surface, and the depth to bedrock.

6. Lily-Dekalb

Gently sloping to very steep, moderately deep, well drained loamy soils formed

mainly in sandstone with some siltstone and shale; on mountainous uplands and

benches

The landscape is characterized by broad, gently rolling flats that give way to very

steep, rugged hillsides. Stones are on most of the side slopes with scattered

sandstone outcrops along the ridgetops. The native vegetation consists mainly of

hardwoods and some conifers with a scattered dense understory of rhododendron,

mountain laurel, and huckleberry.

This map unit makes up about 7 percent of the survey area. It is about 52 percent

Lily soils, 25 percent Dekalb soils, and 23 percent soils of minor extent.

These moderately deep, well drained, gently sloping to strongly sloping Lily soils

are on ridgetops and benches. They formed in material weathered from yellowish

brown and gray sandstone. They have a grayish brown, medium textured surface

layer and a yellowish brown, medium textured subsoil.

These moderately deep, well drained, strongly sloping to very steep Dekalb soils

are on side slopes and some ridgetops. They formed in material weathered mainly

from sandstone. They have a very dark grayish brown, medium textured surface layer

and a yellowish brown, medium textured subsoil.

Of minor extent in this map unit are the well drained Berks soils on ridgetops and

side slopes and the well drained Macove soils on footslopes and in coves.
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

13

About 75 percent of this unit is woodland. It is used for timber production,

recreation, and wildlife. An oak-hickory timber type dominates this map unit. Chestnut

oak and hickories dominate ridgetops and the upper side slopes with south aspects.

White oak dominates the middle side slopes with yellow-poplar, red maple, white ash,

northern red oak, and eastern white pine mixed in the stand on north aspects and

footslopes. Cleared areas are being used for pasture.

The main limitations affecting most uses of these soils are the slope, the stones on

the surface, and the depth to bedrock.

7. Berks-Dekalb

Gently sloping to very steep, moderately deep, well drained, loamy soils formed in

siltstone, shale, and sandstone; on mountainous uplands

The landscape is characterized by highly dissected topography. The mountains

have broad, sloping to sharp, strongly sloping ridgetops that separate very steep,

smooth side slopes. The native vegetation is dominantly hardwoods on the upper

slopes and mixed hardwoods and conifers on the lower slopes.

This map unit makes up about 13 percent of the survey area. It is about 48 percent

Berks soils, 24 percent Dekalb soils, and 28 percent soils of minor extent.

These moderately deep, well drained, gently sloping to very steep Berks soils are

on ridgetops and side slopes. They formed in material weathered from interbedded

siltstone, shale, and fine grained sandstone. They have a dark brown, medium

textured surface layer and a yellowish brown, medium textured subsoil.

These moderately deep, well drained, strongly sloping to very steep Dekalb soils

are on ridgetops and side slopes. They formed in material weathered from sandstone,

siltstone, and shale. They have a dark brown, medium textured surface layer and a

yellowish brown, medium textured subsoil.

Of minor extent in this map unit are the well drained Lily soils on uplands and the

well drained Macove soils on footslopes, benches, and alluvial fans.

This map unit is mostly wooded and used for timber production, recreation, and

wildlife. Cleared areas are used for pasture and the areas adjacent to the large

expanses of bottom land are used for camps and summer homes.

The main limitations affecting most uses of these soils are the slope and the depth

to bedrock.

8. Blackthorn-Mertz-Dekalb-Elliber

Gently sloping to very steep, moderately deep and very deep, well drained loamy

soils formed in sandstone, siltstone, shale, and chert; on mountainous uplands,

benches, and footslopes

The landscape is characterized by rugged mountainous topography. A very narrow,

high ridge is in the center of this map unit. Very steep side slopes are met at a lower

elevation by knobs that are along both the western and eastern sides of the high

ridge. Stones are in most areas of this map unit with sandstone outcrops along the

ridgetops and on the northern and southern side slopes of the knobs. The native

vegetation consists mainly of hardwoods and some conifers with an understory

consisting of a very dense growth of mountain laurel and huckleberry.

This map unit makes up about 3 percent of the survey area. It is about 23 percent

Blackthorn soils, 14 percent Mertz soils, 13 percent Dekalb soils, 10 percent Elliber

soils, and 40 percent soils of minor extent.

These very deep, well drained, strongly sloping to very steep Blackthorn soils are

on footslopes, benches, and side slopes. They formed in colluvial material derived

from sandstone and shale and the underlying residuum derived from limestone and
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

14

limy shales. The surface layer is dark brown and medium textured, the upper part of

the subsoil is yellowish brown and medium textured, and the lower part of the subsoil

is strong brown and fine textured.

These very deep, well drained, gently sloping to steep Mertz soils are on

footslopes and benches. They formed in cherty colluvium that contains various

amounts of sandstone, siltstone, and shale. They have a very dark grayish brown,

medium textured surface layer and a dark yellowish brown and yellowish brown,

medium textured subsoil.

These moderately deep, well drained, strongly sloping to very steep Dekalb soils

are on ridgetops and side slopes. They formed in material weathered mainly from

sandstone. They have a very dark grayish brown, medium textured surface layer and

a yellowish brown, medium textured subsoil.

These very deep, well drained, and very steep Elliber soils are on side slopes.

They formed in material weathered from chert with some interbedding of sandstone

and shale. They have a very dark grayish brown, medium textured surface layer and a

yellowish brown, medium textured subsoil.

Of minor extent in this map unit are the well drained Berks and Hazleton soils on

ridgetops and side slopes.

About 95 percent of this unit is woodland. It is used for timber production,

recreation, and wildlife habitat. An oak-hickory timber type dominates this map unit.

Chestnut oak and hickories dominate ridgetops and the upper side slopes that have

south aspects. White oak dominates the middle side slopes with yellow-poplar, red

maple, white ash, northern red oak, and eastern white pine mixed in the stand on

north aspects and footslopes. Cleared areas are being used for pasture. Several chert

quarries and a few small sand pits are in this map unit.

The main limitations affecting most uses of these soils are the slope, the stones on

the surface, and the depth to bedrock.

9. Weikert-Berks

Gently sloping to extremely steep, shallow and moderately deep, well drained, loamy

soils formed in siltstone, shale, and sandstone; on mountainous uplands

The landscape is characterized by highly dissected topography. The mountains

have sharp, strongly sloping ridgetops that separate very steep, smooth side slopes.

Spur ridges from the mountain areas descend to form lower hills having narrow

ridges and very steep side slopes that generally plunge to broad flood plains. The

native vegetation is dominantly hardwoods on the upper slopes and conifers on the

lower slopes.

This map unit makes up about 9 percent of the survey area. It is about 67 percent

Weikert soils, 27 percent Berks soils, and 6 percent soils of minor extent.

These shallow, well drained, strongly sloping to extremely steep Weikert soils are

on ridgetops and side slopes of the hills. They formed in material weathered from

shale, siltstone, and fine grained sandstone. They have a dark brown, medium

textured surface layer and a yellowish brown, medium textured subsoil.

These moderately deep, well drained, gently sloping to extremely steep Berks soils

are on ridgetops and side slopes in the more mountainous areas. They formed in

material weathered from interbedded siltstone, shale, and fine grained sandstone.

They have a dark brown, medium textured surface layer and a yellowish brown,

medium textured subsoil.

Of minor extent in this map unit are the well drained Dekalb and Lily soils on

uplands; the well drained Macove and moderately well drained Ernest soils on

footslopes, benches, and alluvial fans; and the well drained, smoothed Udorthents in

areas that have been disturbed by road construction or community development.
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

15

The majority of this map unit is within the Monongahela National Forest. About

85 percent of the map unit is wooded and used for timber production, recreation, and

wildlife habitat. The Berks soils produce a more valuable stand of timber than the

Weikert soils and are dominated by white oak, white ash, and eastern white pine. The

Weikert soils are dominated by chestnut oak, white oak, hickories, pitch pine, and, on

the lower slopes, eastern white pine. Cleared areas are used for pasture or, in areas

adjacent to the large expanses of bottom land, they are being developed as

homesites.

The main limitations affecting most uses of these soils are the slope and the depth

to bedrock.

10. Mandy-Snowdog

Strongly sloping to extremely steep, moderately deep and very deep, well drained

and moderately well drained, loamy soils formed in sandstone, siltstone, and shale;

on mountainous uplands and footslopes

The landscape is characterized by rough, rugged mountainous topography. It is a

greatly dissected high plateau with broad, gently sloping ridgetops and knobs and

very steep side slopes. Several major streams have their sources in this area.

Sandstone outcrops and stones and boulders on the soil surface are common. The

native vegetation is dominantly red spruce, red maple, yellow birch, and American

beech.

This map unit makes up about 13 percent of the survey area. It is about 47 percent

Mandy soils, 19 percent Snowdog soils, and 34 percent soils of minor extent.

These moderately deep, well drained, strongly sloping to extremely steep Mandy

soils are on ridgetops and the upper side slopes. They formed in material weathered

from interbedded siltstone, shale, and fine grained sandstone. They have a very dark

brown, medium textured surface layer and a dark yellowish brown and yellowish

brown, medium textured subsoil.

These very deep, moderately well drained, steep or very steep Snowdog soils are

on the lower side slopes, footslopes, and benches. They formed in colluvium derived

from shale, siltstone, and sandstone. They have a very dark brown, medium textured

surface layer and a dark brown and yellowish brown, medium textured subsoil that is

very firm and brittle in the lower part.

Of minor extent in this map unit are the well drained Briery, Gauley, and Summers

soils; the somewhat poorly drained Leatherbark soils on broad ridgetops; the poorly

drained Trussel soils on footslopes and benches; and the well drained, moderately

well drained, somewhat poorly drained, and poorly drained Udifluvents and

Fluvaquents on flood plains.

About 95 percent of this map unit is wooded and used for timber production,

recreation, and wildlife habitat. Many reclaimed surface mines are in areas of the map

unit. The cleared areas are used for scenic overlooks and the production of hay.

The main limitations affecting most uses of these soils are the slope, the stones on

the surface, the depth to bedrock, and a seasonal high water table.

17

Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

The map units delineated on the detailed soil maps in this survey represent the

soils or miscellaneous areas in the survey area. The map unit descriptions in this

section, along with the maps, can be used to determine the suitability and potential of

a unit for specific uses. They also can be used to plan the management needed for

those uses.

A map unit delineation on a soil map represents an area dominated by one or

more major kinds of soil or miscellaneous areas. A map unit is identified and named

according to the taxonomic classification of the dominant soils. Within a taxonomic

class there are precisely defined limits for the properties of the soils. On the

landscape, however, the soils are natural phenomena, and they have the

characteristic variability of all natural phenomena. Thus, the range of some observed

properties may extend beyond the limits defined for a taxonomic class. Areas of soils

of a single taxonomic class rarely, if ever, can be mapped without including areas of

other taxonomic classes. Consequently, every map unit is made up of the soils or

miscellaneous areas for which it is named and some minor components that belong

to taxonomic classes other than those of the major soils.

Most minor soils have properties similar to those of the dominant soil or soils in the

map unit, and thus they do not affect use and management. These are called

noncontrasting, or similar, components. They may or may not be mentioned in a

particular map unit description. Other minor components, however, have properties

and behavioral characteristics divergent enough to affect use or to require different

management. These are called contrasting, or dissimilar, components. They generally

are in small areas and could not be mapped separately because of the scale used.

Some small areas of strongly contrasting soils or miscellaneous areas are identified

by a special symbol on the maps. The contrasting components are mentioned in the

map unit descriptions. A few areas of minor components may not have been

observed, and consequently they are not mentioned in the descriptions, especially

where the pattern was so complex that it was impractical to make enough

observations to identify all the soils and miscellaneous areas on the landscape.

The presence of minor components in a map unit in no way diminishes the

usefulness or accuracy of the data. The objective of mapping is not to delineate pure

taxonomic classes but rather to separate the landscape into landforms or landform

segments that have similar use and management requirements. The delineation of

such segments on the map provides sufficient information for the development of

resource plans. If intensive use of small areas is planned, however, onsite

investigation is needed to define and locate the soils and miscellaneous areas.

An identifying symbol precedes the map unit name in the map unit descriptions.

Each description includes general facts about the unit and gives the principal hazards

and limitations to be considered in planning for specific uses.

Soils that have profiles that are almost alike make up a soil series. Except for

differences in texture of the surface layer, all the soils of a series have major horizons

that are similar in composition, thickness, and arrangement.

Soils of one series can differ in texture of the surface layer, slope, stoniness,

salinity, degree of erosion, and other characteristics that affect their use. On the basis

Detailed Soil Map Units
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

18

of such differences, a soil series is divided into soil phases. Most of the areas shown

on the detailed soil maps are phases of soil series. The name of a soil phase

commonly indicates a feature that affects use or management. For example,

Cateache silt loam, 35 to 55 percent slopes, very stony, is a phase of the Cateache

series.

Some map units are made up of two or more major soils or miscellaneous areas.

These map units are complexes. A complex consists of two or more soils or

miscellaneous areas in such an intricate pattern or in such small areas that they

cannot be shown separately on the maps. The pattern and proportion of the soils or

miscellaneous areas are somewhat similar in all areas. Frederick-Caneyville complex,

karst, 15 to 35 percent slopes, very rocky, is an example.

This survey includes miscellaneous areas. Such areas have little or no soil material

and support little or no vegetation. Quarry, limestone, is an example.

Table 4 gives the acreage and proportionate extent of each map unit. Other tables

give properties of the soils and the limitations, capabilities, and potentials for many

uses. The Glossary defines many of the terms used in describing the soils or

miscellaneous areas.

AlB—Allegheny loam, 3 to 8 percent slopes

Setting

Landscape position: Stream terraces, footslopes, and fans

Composition

Allegheny soil: 90 percent

Inclusions: 10 percent

Typical Profile

Surface layer:

0 to 3 inches—forest litter

3 to 5 inches—very dark grayish brown loam

Subsurface layer:

5 to 10 inches—yellowish brown loam

Subsoil:

10 to 28 inches—yellowish brown loam

28 to 43 inches—strong brown clay loam

43 to 49 inches—strong brown gravelly loam

Substratum:

49 to 65 inches—mixed strong brown, yellowish brown, and yellowish red gravelly

loam

Soil Properties and Qualities

Drainage class: Well drained

Permeability: Moderate

Available water capacity: Moderate or high

Seasonal high water table: None

Flooding: None

Shrink-swell potential: Low

Hazard of erosion: Moderate

Slope class: Gently sloping

Stoniness: Nonstony
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

19

Rockiness: Nonrocky

Natural fertility: Low

Reaction: In unlimed areas, extremely acid to strongly acid

Organic matter content in the surface layer: Moderate

Surface runoff: Medium

Depth to bedrock: More than 60 inches

Inclusions

Limiting inclusions:

• Monongahela soils in similar landscape positions

Nonlimiting inclusions:

• Macove soils on footslopes

Use and Management

Uses: Most areas of this map unit have been cleared. These areas are used as

cropland or for hay and pasture.

Cropland

Suitability: Suited

Management concerns: Organic matter content, fertility and tilth, and erosion

Management considerations:

• Minimizing tillage, planting cover crops, and including grasses and legumes in the

cropping sequence help to increase the organic matter content, maintain fertility

and tilth, and control erosion in cultivated areas.

Pasture and Hayland

Suitability: Suited

Management concerns: Establishing and maintaining a mixture of grasses and

legumes and applying proper grazing management

Management considerations:

• Proper stocking rates, a rotation grazing system, and deferred grazing help to

maintain desirable grasses and legumes.

Woodland

Potential productivity: Moderately high

Management concerns: Erosion on roads, skid trails, and log landings and plant

competition

Management considerations:

• Establishing roads and trails on a gentle grade across the slope and seeding and

mulching bare areas help to control erosion.

• Site preparation following harvest and establishment of the new forest for tree crop

production without delay reduce plant competition.

Community Development

Suitability: Suited

Management concerns: Erosion and sedimentation

Management considerations:

• Maintaining the plant cover on construction sites, establishing a plant cover in

unprotected areas, and providing for the proper disposal of surface water help to

control erosion and sedimentation.

Interpretive Groups

Land capability classification: 2e

Woodland ordination symbol: 9A
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

20

AlC—Allegheny loam, 8 to 15 percent slopes

Setting

Landscape position: Stream terraces, footslopes, and fans

Composition

Allegheny soil: 90 percent

Inclusions: 10 percent

Typical Profile

Surface layer:

0 to 2 inches—forest litter

2 to 4 inches—very dark grayish brown loam

Subsurface layer:

4 to 10 inches—yellowish brown loam

Subsoil:

10 to 28 inches—yellowish brown loam

28 to 43 inches—strong brown clay loam

43 to 49 inches—strong brown gravelly loam

Substratum:

49 to 65 inches—mixed strong brown, yellowish brown, and yellowish red gravelly

loam

Soil Properties and Qualities

Drainage class: Well drained

Permeability: Moderate

Available water capacity: Moderate or high

Seasonal high water table: None

Flooding: None

Shrink-swell potential: Low

Hazard of erosion: Severe

Slope class: Strongly sloping

Stoniness: Nonstony

Rockiness: Nonrocky

Natural fertility: Low

Reaction: In unlimed areas, extremely acid to strongly acid

Organic matter content in the surface layer: Moderate

Surface runoff: Medium

Depth to bedrock: More than 60 inches

Inclusions

Limiting inclusions:

• Monongahela soils in similar landscape positions

Nonlimiting inclusions:

• Macove soils on footslopes

Use and Management

Uses: Most areas of this map unit have been cleared. These areas are used as

cropland or for hay and pasture.

Cropland

Suitability: Suited
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

21

Management concerns: Organic matter content, fertility and tilth, and erosion

Management considerations:

• Minimizing tillage, planting cover crops, and including grasses and legumes in the

cropping sequence help to increase the organic matter content, maintain fertility

and tilth, and control erosion in cultivated areas.

Pasture and Hayland

Suitability: Suited

Management concerns: Establishing and maintaining a mixture of grasses and

legumes and applying proper grazing management

Management considerations:

• Proper stocking rates, a rotation grazing system, and deferred grazing help to

maintain desirable grasses and legumes.

Woodland

Potential productivity: Moderately high

Management concerns: Erosion on roads, skid trails, and log landings and plant

competition

Management considerations:

• Establishing roads and trails on a gentle grade across the slope and seeding and

mulching bare areas help to control erosion.

• Site preparation following harvest and establishment of the new forest for tree crop

production without delay reduce plant competition.

Community Development

Suitability: Suited

Management concerns: Slope, erosion, and sedimentation

Management considerations:

• Maintaining the plant cover on construction sites, establishing a plant cover in

unprotected areas, and providing for the proper disposal of surface water help to

control erosion and sedimentation.

• Excavating areas used for camping or picnicking or as playgrounds, establishing

paths and trails on a gentle grade across the slope, and installing surface water

control devices help to control erosion.

• Designing dwellings so that they conform to the setting and to the natural slope of

the land, land shaping or installing distribution lines for septic tank absorption fields

across the slope, and constructing roads and streets on a gentle grade across the

slope help to minimize the effects of the slope.

Interpretive Groups

Land capability classification: 3e

Woodland ordination symbol: 9A

An—Atkins-Philo-Potomac complex

Setting

Landscape position: Narrow flood plains (fig. 5)

Composition

Atkins soil: 35 percent

Philo soil: 30 percent

Potomac soil: 20 percent

Inclusions: 15 percent
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

22

Typical Profile

Atkins

Surface layer:

0 to 4 inches—dark yellowish brown silt loam

Subsoil:

4 to 8 inches—grayish brown silt loam with strong brown and dark yellowish brown

redoximorphic concentrations

8 to 29 inches—gray silt loam with strong brown and yellowish red redoximorphic

concentrations

Substratum:

29 to 47 inches—bluish gray silty clay loam with yellowish brown redoximorphic

concentrations

47 to 65 inches—bluish gray very gravelly silty clay loam with yellowish brown

redoximorphic concentrations

Philo

Surface layer:

0 to 8 inches—dark grayish brown silt loam

Subsoil:

8 to 19 inches—yellowish brown silt loam

19 to 38 inches—dark yellowish brown silt loam with light brownish gray

redoximorphic depletions and strong brown redoximorphic concentrations

Substratum:

38 to 65 inches—dark yellowish brown to dark grayish brown stratified sandy loam,

fine sand, and silt loam with light brownish gray redoximorphic depletions

Potomac

Surface layer:

0 to 6 inches—dark brown fine sandy loam

Figure 5.—An area of Atkins-Philo-Potomac complex along Fleming Run near Alvon.
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

23

Substratum:

6 to 23 inches—brown extremely gravelly loamy sand with a few pockets of fine

sandy loam

23 to 31 inches—dark yellowish brown very gravelly loamy sand with pockets of

sand

31 to 60 inches—brown extremely gravelly loamy sand with pockets of sandy

loam

Soil Properties and Qualities

Drainage class: Atkins—poorly drained; Philo—moderately well drained; Potomac—

somewhat excessively drained

Permeability: Atkins—slow to moderate; Philo—moderate; Potomac—rapid or very

rapid

Available water capacity: Atkins and Philo—moderate or high; Potomac—very low or

low

Seasonal high water table: Atkins—within a depth of 1.0 foot; Philo—at a depth of

1.5 to 3.0 feet; Potomac—none

Flooding: Atkins and Potomac—frequent; Philo—occasional

Shrink-swell potential: Atkins and Philo—low; Potomac—none

Hazard of erosion: Slight

Slope class: Nearly level

Stoniness: Nonstony

Rockiness: Nonrocky

Natural fertility: Moderate

Reaction (in unlimed areas): Atkins—very strongly acid or strongly acid above a

depth of 40 inches ranging to moderately acid below a depth of 40 inches;

Philo—very strongly acid to moderately acid; Potomac—strongly acid to neutral in

the solum and very strongly acid to slightly alkaline in the substratum

Organic matter content of the surface layer: Moderate

Surface runoff: Atkins—very high; Philo—low; Potomac—very low

Depth to bedrock: More than 60 inches

Inclusions

Limiting inclusions:

• Soils with bedrock at a depth of less than 60 inches

Nonlimiting inclusions:

• Well drained Pope and Macove soils

• Moderately well drained Ernest soils

Use and Management

Uses: Most areas of this unit are wooded or reverting back to woodland. Some are

used as pasture.

Cropland

Suitability: Atkins and Philo—suited; Potomac—limited

Management concerns: Organic matter content and fertility and tilth

Management considerations:

• Minimizing tillage, applying a crop rotation that includes hay, delaying tillage until

the soil is reasonably dry, and returning crop residue to the soil help to increase the

organic matter content and to maintain fertility and tilth in cultivated areas.

Pasture and Hayland

Suitability: Atkins and Philo—suited; Potomac—somewhat suited

Management concerns: Establishing and maintaining a mixture of grasses and

legumes and applying proper grazing management
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

24

Management considerations:

• Proper stocking rates, a rotation grazing system, and deferred grazing in the spring

help to maintain desirable grasses and legumes.

Woodland

Potential productivity: Moderately high

Management concerns: Plant competition, soil strength, and stream disturbance

Management considerations:

• Site preparation following harvest and establishment of the new forest for tree crop

production without delay reduce plant competition.

• Haul roads, skid trails, and logging areas may need to be graveled because of the

limited soil strength.

• Installing streamside filter strips and revegetating bare areas help to control

erosion.

Community Development

Suitability: Unsuited

Management concerns: Flooding and wetness

Management considerations:

• A suitable alternative site should be selected.

Interpretive Groups

Land capability classification: Atkins—3w; Philo—2w; and Potomac—5s

Woodland ordination symbol: Atkins—4W; Philo—5A; and Potomac—4F

BaE—Belmont silt loam, 15 to 35 percent slopes, very

rocky

Setting

Landscape position: Benches and side slopes, west of the Greenbrier River on

the Greenbrier geologic deposit

Note: Includes 2 to 10 percent exposed bedrock; sinkholes common in some areas

Composition

Belmont soil: 75 percent

Inclusions: 25 percent

Typical Profile

Surface layer:

0 to 2 inches—slightly decomposed leaf litter

2 to 5 inches—very dark grayish brown silt loam

Subsoil:

5 to 8 inches—dark yellowish brown silt loam

8 to 14 inches—dark brown channery silt loam

14 to 25 inches—dark brown channery silty clay loam

25 to 37 inches—dark brown channery silty clay

Substratum:

37 to 53 inches—dark brown very channery silty clay

Bedrock:

53 inches—gray limestone interbedded with dark grayish brown siltstone

Soil Properties and Qualities

Drainage class: Well drained
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

25

Permeability: Moderate

Available water capacity: High

Seasonal high water table: None

Flooding: None

Shrink-swell potential: Moderate

Hazard of erosion: Severe or very severe

Slope class: Steep or moderately steep

Stoniness: None

Rockiness: Very rocky

Natural fertility: Moderate or high

Reaction: In unlimed areas, strongly acid to slightly acid

Organic matter content in the surface layer: Moderate

Surface runoff: High

Depth to bedrock: 40 to 60 inches

Bedrock type: Limestone

Inclusions

Limiting inclusions:

• Moderately deep Culleoka and Cateache soils on side slopes

• Areas that include more than 10 percent exposed bedrock

• Soils with slopes of more than 35 percent

Nonlimiting inclusions:

• Very deep Shouns soils on footslopes

• Soils with slopes of less than 15 percent

Use and Management

Uses: Most areas of this unit have been cleared and are used as pasture. Some

areas are wooded.

Cropland

Suitability: Unsuited

Management concerns: Erosion

Pasture and Hayland

Suitability: Unsuited to hay; difficult to manage for pasture

Management concerns: Erosion, slope, overgrazing, and a water supply for

livestock

Management considerations:

• Proper stocking rates, a rotation grazing system, and deferred grazing in the

spring until the ground is reasonably firm help to maintain desirable grasses and

legumes.

• Developing springs or building ponds helps to supply water for livestock. Additional

measures may be needed to ensure that the ponds hold water.

Woodland

Potential productivity: Moderately high

Management concerns: Erosion, slope, and rock outcrop

Management considerations:

• Establishing roads and trails on a gentle grade across the slope, controlling surface

runoff, seeding roads and trails after they are no longer being used, keeping the

total mileage of roads and trails to a minimum, and seeding and mulching bare

areas help to control erosion.

Community Development

Suitability: Limited

Management concerns: Depth to bedrock and the moderate shrink-swell potential
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

26

Management considerations:

• The included soils that have slopes of less than 15 percent, soils that are deeper

to bedrock, and areas where there is a lower extent of rock outcrop have fewer

limitations affecting most urban uses.

Interpretive Groups

Land capability classification: 7s

Woodland ordination symbol: 4X

BcC—Berks channery loam, 3 to 15 percent slopes, very

stony

Setting

Landscape position: Convex ridgetops and broad benches

Composition

Berks soil: 80 percent

Inclusions: 20 percent

Typical Profile

Surface layer:

0 to 1 inch—leaf litter

1 to 3 inches—dark brown channery loam

Subsoil:

3 to 6 inches—brown channery loam

6 to 12 inches—brownish yellow channery loam

12 to 19 inches—brownish yellow very channery silt loam

19 to 23 inches—yellowish brown very channery silt loam

Substratum:

23 to 30 inches—yellowish brown very channery silt loam

Bedrock:

30 inches—highly weathered, strong brown, gray, and olive siltstone

Soil Properties and Qualities

Drainage class: Well drained

Permeability: Moderate or moderately rapid

Available water capacity: Very low or low

Seasonal high water table: None

Flooding: None

Shrink-swell potential: Low

Hazard of erosion: Moderate or severe

Slope class: Strongly sloping or gently sloping

Stoniness: Very stony

Rockiness: Nonrocky

Natural fertility: Low

Reaction: In unlimed areas, extremely acid to strongly acid

Organic matter content in the surface layer: Moderate

Surface runoff: Medium

Depth to bedrock: 20 to 40 inches

Bedrock type: Siltstone
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

27

Inclusions

Limiting inclusions:

• Shallow Weikert soils

• Soils with slopes of more than 15 percent

• Soils that have stones covering more than 3 percent of the surface

Nonlimiting inclusions:

• Moderately deep Dekalb soils

Use and Management

Uses: Most areas of this unit are wooded. Some are used as pasture.

Cropland

Suitability: Unsuited

Management concerns: Stoniness and erosion

Pasture and Hayland

Suitability: Unsuited to hay; suited to pasture

Management concerns: Stoniness, erosion, and overgrazing

Management considerations:

• Proper stocking rates and a rotation grazing system, which help to maintain

desirable grasses and legumes, are major pasture management needs.

Woodland

Potential productivity: Moderate

Management concerns: Erosion

Management considerations:

• Establishing roads and trails on a gentle grade across the slope and seeding and

mulching bare areas help to control erosion.

Community Development

Suitability: Limited

Management concerns: Stones, erosion, depth to bedrock, and slope

Management considerations:

• Building above the bedrock, landscaping with additional fill material, and

designing dwellings so that they conform to the setting and to the natural slope

of the land minimize the effects of most soil restrictions.

• Revegetating during or soon after construction reduces the hazard of

erosion.

• Increasing the size of lots so that they include areas of more favorable soils

or installing an alternate system helps to overcome the limited depth to

bedrock on sites for septic tank absorption fields.

• Constructing roads and streets on the contour and removing the stones help to

overcome the limitations on sites for local roads and streets.

Interpretive Groups

Land capability classification: 6s

Woodland ordination symbol: 3F

BcE—Berks channery loam, 15 to 35 percent slopes, very

stony

Setting

Landscape position: Upper side slopes and benches
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

28

Composition

Berks soil: 75 percent

Inclusions: 25 percent

Typical Profile

Surface layer:

0 to 1 inch—leaf litter

1 to 3 inches—dark brown channery loam

Subsoil:

3 to 6 inches—brown channery loam

6 to 12 inches—brownish yellow channery loam

12 to 19 inches—brownish yellow very channery silt loam

19 to 23 inches—yellowish brown very channery silt loam

Substratum:

23 to 30 inches—yellowish brown very channery silt loam

Bedrock:

30 inches—highly weathered, strong brown, gray, and olive siltstone

Soil Properties and Qualities

Drainage class: Well drained

Permeability: Moderate or moderately rapid

Available water capacity: Very low or low

Seasonal high water table: None

Flooding: None

Shrink-swell potential: Low

Hazard of erosion: Severe or very severe

Slope class: Steep or moderately steep

Stoniness: Very stony

Rockiness: Nonrocky

Natural fertility: Low

Reaction: In unlimed areas, extremely acid to strongly acid

Organic matter content in the surface layer: Moderate

Surface runoff: High

Depth to bedrock: 20 to 40 inches

Bedrock type: Siltstone

Inclusions

Limiting inclusions:

• Shallow Weikert soils

• Soils with slopes of more than 35 percent

• Soils that have stones covering more than 3 percent of the surface

Nonlimiting inclusions:

• Moderately deep Dekalb soils

• Soils with slopes of less than 15 percent

Use and Management

Uses: Most areas of this unit are wooded. Some are used as pasture.

Cropland

Suitability: Unsuited

Management concerns: Stoniness, slope, and erosion
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

29

Pasture and Hayland

Suitability: Unsuited to hay; limited for pasture

Management concerns: Stoniness, slope, erosion, and overgrazing

Management considerations:

• Proper stocking rates that help to maintain desirable grasses and legumes and a

rotation grazing system are major pasture management needs.

Woodland

Potential productivity: Moderate

Management concerns: Erosion and seedling mortality on south aspects

Management considerations:

• Establishing roads and trails on a gentle grade across the slope and seeding and

mulching bare areas help to control erosion.

• Planting special nursery stock that is larger than is typical or planting containerized

seedlings will reduce the seedling mortality rate.

Community Development

Suitability: Limited

Management concerns: Stones, erosion, depth to bedrock, and slope

Management considerations:

• The included soils that are less sloping and deeper to bedrock should be selected

as sites for urban development in areas of this map unit.

Interpretive Groups

Land capability classification: 7s

Woodland ordination symbol: 3F

BcF—Berks channery loam, 35 to 55 percent slopes, very

stony

Setting

Landscape position: Side slopes

Composition

Berks soil: 75 percent

Inclusions: 25 percent

Typical Profile

Surface layer:

0 to 1 inch—leaf litter

1 to 3 inches—dark brown channery loam

Subsoil:

3 to 6 inches—brown channery loam

6 to 12 inches—brownish yellow channery loam

12 to 19 inches—brownish yellow very channery silt loam

19 to 23 inches—yellowish brown very channery silt loam

Substratum:

23 to 30 inches—yellowish brown very channery silt loam

Bedrock:

30 inches—highly weathered, strong brown, gray, and olive siltstone
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

30

Soil Properties and Qualities

Drainage class: Well drained

Permeability: Moderate or moderately rapid

Available water capacity: Very low or low

Seasonal high water table: None

Hazard of flooding: None

Shrink-swell potential: Low

Hazard of erosion: Very severe

Slope class: Steep or very steep

Stoniness: Very stony

Rockiness: Nonrocky

Natural fertility: Low

Reaction: In unlimed areas, extremely acid to strongly acid

Organic matter content in the surface layer: Moderate

Surface runoff: High

Depth to bedrock: 20 to 40 inches

Bedrock type: Siltstone

Inclusions

Limiting inclusions:

• Shallow Weikert soils

• Soils with slopes of more than 55 percent

• Soils that have stones covering more than 3 percent of the surface

Nonlimiting inclusions:

• Moderately deep Dekalb soils

• Soils with slopes of less than 35 percent

Use and Management

Uses: Most areas of this unit are wooded. Some small areas are used as pasture.

Cropland

Suitability: Unsuited

Management concerns: Stoniness, slope, and erosion

Pasture and Hayland

Suitability: Unsuited to hay; limited for pasture

Management concerns: Stoniness, slope, erosion, and overgrazing

Management considerations:

• Proper stocking rates that help to maintain desirable grasses and legumes and a

rotation grazing system are major pasture management needs.

Woodland

Potential productivity: Moderate

Management concerns: Erosion, seedling mortality, and slope

Management considerations:

• Establishing roads and trails on a gentle grade across the slope and seeding and

mulching bare areas help to control erosion.

• Planting special nursery stock that is larger than is typical or planting containerized

seedlings will reduce the seedling mortality rate.

• Specialized equipment or management techniques that are adapted to these very

steep slopes should be used when timber is harvested.

Community Development

Suitability: Limited

Management concerns: Stones, erosion, depth to bedrock, and slope
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

31

Management considerations:

• A suitable alternative site should be selected.

Interpretive Groups

Land capability classification: 7s

Woodland ordination symbol: 3R

BkG—Berks, Weikert, and Calvin soils, 55 to 80 percent

slopes, very stony

Setting

Landscape position: Side slopes

Composition

Berks soil: 35 percent

Weikert soil: 25 percent

Calvin soil: 20 percent

Inclusions: 20 percent

Typical Profile

Berks

Surface layer:

0 to 1 inch—leaf litter

1 to 3 inches—dark brown channery loam

Subsoil:

3 to 6 inches—brown channery loam

6 to 12 inches—brownish yellow channery loam

12 to 19 inches—brownish yellow very channery silt loam

19 to 23 inches—yellowish brown very channery silt loam

Substratum:

23 to 30 inches—yellowish brown very channery silt loam

Bedrock:

30 inches—highly weathered, strong brown, gray, and olive siltstone

Weikert

Surface layer:

0 to 1 inch—forest litter

1 to 2 inches—dark brown channery silt loam

Subsurface layer:

2 to 7 inches—yellowish brown very channery silt loam

Subsoil:

7 to 12 inches—yellowish brown very channery silt loam

Substratum:

12 to 16 inches—brownish yellow extremely channery silt loam

Bedrock:

16 inches—multicolored siltstone and shale

Calvin

Surface layer:

0 to 1 inch—forest litter

1 to 3 inches—dark reddish brown channery silt loam
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

32

Subsoil:

3 to 5 inches—reddish brown channery silt loam

5 to 22 inches—reddish brown channery silt loam

22 to 28 inches—reddish brown very channery silt loam

Substratum:

28 to 40 inches—reddish brown extremely channery silt loam

Bedrock:

40 inches—reddish brown, highly weathered siltstone

Soil Properties and Qualities

Drainage class: Well drained

Permeability: Berks—moderate or moderately rapid; Weikert and Calvin—moderately

rapid

Available water capacity: Berks—very low or low; Weikert—very low; Calvin—low or

moderate

Seasonal high water table: None

Hazard of flooding: None

Shrink-swell potential: Low

Hazard of erosion: Very severe

Slope class: Extremely steep

Stoniness: Very stony

Rockiness: Nonrocky

Natural fertility: Low

Reaction (in unlimed areas): Berks—extremely acid to strongly acid; Weikert and

Calvin—very strongly acid or strongly acid

Organic matter content of the surface layer: Low

Surface runoff: Berks—high; Weikert and Calvin—medium

Depth to bedrock: Berks and Calvin—20 to 40 inches; Weikert—10 to 20 inches

Bedrock type: Siltstone and shale

Inclusions

Limiting inclusions:

• Soils with slopes of more than 80 percent

• Soils that have stones covering more than 3 percent of the surface

• Areas of rock outcrop

Nonlimiting inclusions:

• Moderately deep Dekalb soils

• Soils formed in cherty material

• Soils that are more than 40 inches deep over bedrock

• Soils with slopes of less than 55 percent

• Soils that have stones covering less than 0.1 percent of the surface

Use and Management

Uses: All areas of this unit are wooded.

Cropland

Suitability: Unsuited

Management concerns: Slope, erosion, and stoniness

Pasture and Hayland

Suitability: Unsuited

Management concerns: Slope, erosion, and stoniness
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

33

Woodland

Potential productivity: Moderate or moderately high on north aspects and moderate

on south aspects

Management concerns: Slope and erosion

Management considerations:

• Log landings can only be located in adjacent, less sloping areas, such as on

ridgetops or benches.

• Haul roads should be located in areas of adjacent, less sloping map units wherever

possible.

• If haul roads and skid trails must be constructed in areas of this unit, they should be

laid out on a gentle grade across the slope.

• Full bench construction is recommended on haul roads.

• The hazard of erosion can be reduced by establishing wide, streamside filter strips;

controlling surface runoff on roads, trails, and landings through the use of ditches,

dips, or water bars; and seeding bare areas.

• Logging systems that are adapted to extremely steep slopes, such as high lead

cable logging, are recommended because they make it possible to harvest timber

without using skid trails, thus greatly reducing the hazard of erosion.

Community Development

Suitability: Unsuited

Management concerns: Slope, erosion, depth to bedrock, and stoniness

Management considerations:

• A suitable alternative site should be selected.

Interpretive Groups

Land capability classification: 7s

Woodland ordination symbol: Berks—3R; Weikert—2R; and Calvin—4R on north

aspects and 3R on south aspects

BlC—Berks-Dekalb complex, 3 to 15 percent slopes, very

stony

Setting

Landscape position: Benches and ridgetops

Composition

Berks soil: 60 percent

Dekalb soil: 30 percent

Inclusions: 10 percent

Typical Profile

Berks

Surface layer:

0 to 1 inch—leaf litter

1 to 3 inches—dark brown channery loam

Subsoil:

3 to 6 inches—brown channery loam

6 to 12 inches—brownish yellow channery loam

12 to 19 inches—brownish yellow very channery silt loam

19 to 23 inches—yellowish brown very channery silt loam
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

34

Substratum:

23 to 30 inches—yellowish brown very channery silt loam

Bedrock:

30 inches—highly weathered, strong brown, gray, and olive siltstone

Dekalb

Surface layer:

0 to 1 inch—forest litter

1 to 2 inches—very dark brown channery sandy loam

Subsurface layer:

2 to 4 inches—brown channery sandy loam

Subsoil:

4 to 8 inches—yellowish brown very channery loam

8 to 15 inches—brownish yellow very channery loam

15 to 23 inches—yellowish brown very channery sandy loam

Substratum:

23 to 34 inches—strong brown extremely channery sandy loam

Bedrock:

34 inches—fractured, gray, medium grained sandstone

Soil Properties and Qualities

Drainage class: Well drained

Permeability: Berks—moderate or moderately rapid; Dekalb—rapid

Available water capacity: Berks—very low or low; Dekalb—very low to moderate

Seasonal high water table: None

Hazard of flooding: None

Shrink-swell potential: Low

Hazard of erosion: Moderate or severe

Slope class: Strongly sloping or gently sloping

Stoniness: Very stony

Rockiness: Nonrocky

Natural fertility: Low

Reaction: In unlimed areas, extremely acid to strongly acid

Organic matter content of the surface layer: Moderate

Surface runoff: Berks—medium; Dekalb—low

Depth to bedrock: 20 to 40 inches

Bedrock type: Berks—highly weathered, strong brown, light gray, and olive siltstone;

Dekalb—fractured, gray, medium grained sandstone

Inclusions

Limiting inclusions:

• Soils that have stones covering more than 3 percent of the surface

• Soils that have slopes of more than 15 percent

Nonlimiting inclusions:

• Lily soils in similar landscape positions

• Soils that have stones covering less than 0.1 percent of the surface

Use and Management

Uses: Most areas of this unit are wooded. Some are used as pasture or for building

site development.

Cropland

Suitability: Unsuited
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

35

Management concerns: Erosion and stoniness

Pasture and Hayland

Suitability: Unsuited to hay; suited to pasture

Management concerns: Erosion and overgrazing

Management considerations:

• Proper stocking rates that help to maintain desirable grasses and legumes and a

rotation grazing system are major pasture management needs.

Woodland

Potential productivity: Moderate

Management concerns: Erosion

Management considerations:

• Roads should not be used during wet periods unless they have been strengthened

with gravel because rut formation is a hazard.

• Maintaining streamside filter strips, installing water bars, and revegetating disturbed

areas after they are no longer being used help to control erosion.

Community Development

Suitability: Limited

Management concerns: Depth to bedrock, stones, and slope

Management considerations:

• Building above the bedrock, landscaping with additional fill material, and designing

dwellings so that they conform to the setting and to the natural slope of the land

help to overcome the slope and the depth to bedrock on sites for dwellings with and

without basements.

• Increasing the size of lots so that they include areas of more favorable soils or

installing an alternate system helps to overcome the limited depth to bedrock on

sites for septic tank absorption fields.

• Constructing roads and streets on the contour and removing the stones help to

overcome the slope and the stoniness on sites for local roads and streets.

Interpretive Groups

Land capability classification: 6s

Woodland ordination symbol: 3F

BlE—Berks-Dekalb complex, 15 to 35 percent slopes, very

stony

Setting

Landscape position: Benches and side slopes

Composition

Berks soil: 55 percent

Dekalb soil: 35 percent

Inclusions: 10 percent

Typical Profile

Berks

Surface layer:

0 to 1 inch—leaf litter

1 to 3 inches—dark brown channery loam

Subsoil:

3 to 6 inches—brown channery loam
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

36

6 to 12 inches—brownish yellow channery loam

12 to 19 inches—brownish yellow very channery silt loam

19 to 23 inches—yellowish brown very channery silt loam

Substratum:

23 to 30 inches—yellowish brown very channery silt loam

Bedrock:

30 inches—highly weathered, strong brown, gray, and olive siltstone

Dekalb

Surface layer:

0 to 1 inch—forest litter

1 to 2 inches—very dark brown channery sandy loam

Subsurface layer:

2 to 4 inches—brown channery sandy loam

Subsoil:

4 to 8 inches—yellowish brown very channery loam

8 to 15 inches—brownish yellow very channery loam

15 to 23 inches—yellowish brown very channery sandy loam

Substratum:

23 to 34 inches—strong brown extremely channery sandy loam

Bedrock:

34 inches—fractured, gray, medium grained sandstone

Soil Properties and Qualities

Drainage class: Well drained

Permeability: Berks—moderate or moderately rapid; Dekalb—rapid

Available water capacity: Berks—very low or low; Dekalb—very low to moderate

Seasonal high water table: None

Hazard of flooding: None

Shrink-swell potential: Low

Erosion hazard: Very severe

Slope class: Steep or moderately steep

Stoniness: Very stony

Rockiness: Nonrocky

Natural fertility: Low

Reaction: In unlimed areas, extremely acid to strongly acid

Organic matter content in the surface layer: Medium

Surface runoff: Berks—high; Dekalb—medium

Depth to bedrock: 20 to 40 inches

Bedrock type: Berks—highly weathered, strong brown, light gray, and olive siltstone;

Dekalb—fractured, gray, medium grained sandstone

Inclusions

Limiting inclusions:

• Soils that have stones covering more than 3 percent of the surface

• Soils that have slopes of more than 35 percent

Nonlimiting inclusions:

• Lily soils in similar landscape positions

• Soils that have slopes of less than 15 percent

• Soils that have stones covering less than 0.1 percent of the surface
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

37

Use and Management

Uses: Most areas of this unit are wooded. Some are used as pasture.

Cropland

Suitability: Unsuited

Management concerns: Erosion, slope, and stoniness

Pasture and Hayland

Suitability: Unsuited to hay; limited for pasture

Management concerns: Erosion and overgrazing

Management considerations:

• Proper stocking rates that help to maintain desirable grasses and legumes and a

rotation grazing system are major pasture management needs.

Woodland

Potential productivity: Moderate

Management concerns: Erosion and slope

Management considerations:

• Roads should not be used during wet periods unless they have been strengthened

with gravel because rut formation is a hazard.

• Maintaining streamside filter strips, installing water bars, and revegetating disturbed

areas after they are no longer being used help to control erosion.

Community Development

Suitability: Unsuited

Management concerns: Slope, depth to bedrock, and stones

Management considerations:

• The included soils that are less sloping, deeper to bedrock, and not so stony are

better suited to urban development.

Interpretive Groups

Land capability classification: 7s

Woodland ordination symbol: Berks—3F on north and south aspects; Dekalb—3F on

north aspects and 2F on south aspects

BlF—Berks-Dekalb complex, 35 to 55 percent slopes,

very stony

Setting

Landscape position: Side slopes

Composition

Berks soil: 45 percent

Dekalb soil: 40 percent

Inclusions: 15 percent

Typical Profile

Berks

Surface layer:

0 to 1 inch—leaf litter

1 to 3 inches—dark brown channery loam

Subsoil:

3 to 6 inches—brown channery loam

6 to 12 inches—brownish yellow channery loam
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

38

12 to 19 inches—brownish yellow very channery silt loam

19 to 23 inches—yellowish brown very channery silt loam

Substratum:

23 to 30 inches—yellowish brown very channery silt loam

Bedrock:

30 inches—highly weathered, strong brown, gray, and olive siltstone

Dekalb

Surface layer:

0 to 1 inch—forest litter

1 to 2 inches—very dark brown channery sandy loam

Subsurface layer:

2 to 4 inches—brown channery sandy loam

Subsoil:

4 to 8 inches—yellowish brown very channery loam

8 to 15 inches—brownish yellow very channery loam

15 to 23 inches—yellowish brown very channery sandy loam

Substratum:

23 to 34 inches—strong brown extremely channery sandy loam

Bedrock:

34 inches—fractured, gray, medium grained sandstone

Soil Properties and Qualities

Drainage class: Well drained

Permeability: Berks—moderate or moderately rapid; Dekalb—rapid

Available water capacity: Berks—very low or low; Dekalb—very low to moderate

Seasonal high water table: None

Hazard of flooding: None

Shrink-swell potential: Low

Hazard of erosion: Very severe

Slope class: Steep or very steep

Stoniness: Very stony

Rockiness: Nonrocky

Natural fertility: Low

Reaction: In unlimed areas, extremely acid to strongly acid

Organic matter content of the surface layer: Medium

Surface runoff: Berks—high; Dekalb—medium

Depth to bedrock: 20 to 40 inches

Bedrock type: Berks—highly weathered, strong brown, light gray, and olive siltstone;

Dekalb—fractured, gray, medium grained sandstone

Inclusions

Limiting inclusions:

• Soils that have stones covering more than 3 percent of the surface

• Soils that have slopes of more than 55 percent

Nonlimiting inclusions:

• Lily soils in similar landscape positions

• Soils that have slopes of less than 35 percent

• Macove soils in colluvial landscape positions

• Soils that have stones covering less than 0.1 percent of the surface
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

39

Use and Management

Uses: Most areas of this unit are wooded. Some small areas are used as pasture.

Cropland

Suitability: Unsuited

Management concerns: Erosion, slope, and stoniness

Pasture and Hayland

Suitability: Unsuited to hay; limited for pasture

Management concerns: Erosion and overgrazing

Management considerations:

• Proper stocking rates that help to maintain desirable grasses and legumes and a

rotation grazing system are major pasture management needs.

Woodland

Potential productivity: Moderate

Management concerns: Erosion and slope

Management considerations:

• Roads should not be used during wet periods unless they have been strengthened

with gravel because rut formation is a hazard.

• Maintaining streamside filter strips, installing water bars, and revegetating disturbed

areas after they are no longer being used help to control erosion.

Community Development

Suitability: Unsuited

Management concerns: Slope, depth to bedrock, and stones

Management considerations:

• A suitable alternative site should be selected.

Interpretive Groups

Land capability classification: 7s

Woodland ordination symbol: Berks—3R on north and south aspects; Dekalb—3R on

north aspects and 2R on south aspects

BrE—Berks-Weikert complex, 15 to 35 percent slopes,

very stony

Setting

Landscape position: Side slopes, benches, and ridgetops

Composition

Berks soil: 50 percent

Weikert soil: 35 percent

Inclusions: 15 percent

Typical Profile

Berks

Surface layer:

0 to 1 inch—leaf litter

1 to 3 inches—dark brown channery loam

Subsoil:

3 to 6 inches—brown channery loam

6 to 12 inches—brownish yellow channery loam

12 to 19 inches—brownish yellow very channery silt loam
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

40

19 to 23 inches—yellowish brown very channery silt loam

Substratum:

23 to 30 inches—yellowish brown very channery silt loam

Bedrock:

30 inches—highly weathered, strong brown, gray, and olive siltstone

Weikert

Surface layer:

0 to 1 inch—forest litter

1 to 2 inches—dark brown channery silt loam

Subsurface layer:

2 to 7 inches—yellowish brown very channery silt loam

Subsoil:

7 to 12 inches—yellowish brown very channery silt loam

Substratum:

12 to 16 inches—brownish yellow extremely channery silt loam

Bedrock:

16 inches—multicolored siltstone and shale

Soil Properties and Qualities

Drainage class: Well drained

Permeability: Berks—moderate or moderately rapid; Weikert—moderately rapid

Available water capacity: Berks—very low or low; Weikert—very low

Seasonal high water table: None

Flooding: None

Shrink-swell potential: Low

Hazard of erosion: Very severe

Slope class: Moderately steep or steep

Stoniness: Very stony

Rockiness: Nonrocky

Natural fertility: Low

Reaction (in unlimed areas): Berks—extremely acid to strongly acid; Weikert—very

strongly acid or strongly acid

Organic matter content of surface layer: Low

Surface runoff: Berks—high; Weikert—medium

Depth to bedrock: Berks—20 to 40 inches; Weikert—10 to 20 inches

Bedrock type: Siltstone and shale

Inclusions

Limiting inclusions:

• Soils with slopes of more than 35 percent

• Soils that have stones covering more than 3 percent of the surface

• Areas of rock outcrop

• Soils that are less than 10 inches deep over bedrock

• Areas where erosion has removed most of the original surface layer and the subsoil

is exposed

Nonlimiting inclusions:

• Moderately deep Dekalb soils

• Soils that are more than 40 inches deep over bedrock

• Soils with slopes of less than 15 percent

• Soils that have stones covering less than 0.1 percent of the surface
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

41

Use and Management

Uses: Most areas of this unit are wooded.

Cropland

Suitability: Unsuited

Management concerns: Slope, erosion, and stoniness

Pasture and Hayland

Suitability: Unsuited

Management concerns: Slope, erosion, and stoniness

Management considerations:

• Proper stocking rates that help to maintain desirable grasses and legumes and a

rotation grazing system are major pasture management needs.

Woodland

Potential productivity: Moderate

Management concerns: Slope, erosion, seedling mortality, droughtiness, and depth to

bedrock

Management considerations:

• Establishing roads and trails on a gentle grade across the slope and seeding and

mulching bare areas help to control erosion.

• Planting special nursery stock that is larger than is typical or planting containerized

seedlings will reduce the seedling mortality rate.

Community Development

Suitability: Limited

Management concerns: Slope, erosion, depth to bedrock, and stoniness

Management considerations:

• Building above the bedrock, landscaping with additional fill material, and designing

dwellings so that they conform to the setting and to the natural slope of the land

help to overcome the limitations on sites for dwellings with and without basements.

• Revegetating during or soon after construction reduces the hazard of erosion.

• Increasing the size of lots so that they include areas of more favorable soils or

installing an alternate system helps to overcome the limited depth to bedrock, the

hazard of seepage, and a poor filtering capacity on sites for sanitary facilities.

• Constructing roads in areas where the soils are deeper to bedrock and have fewer

stones on the surface and providing coarser grained subgrade or base material to

frost depth help to overcome the depth to bedrock and the large stones and to

prevent the damage caused by frost action on sites for local roads and streets.

Interpretive Groups

Land capability classification: 7s

Woodland ordination symbol: Berks—3R; Weikert—2R

BrF—Berks-Weikert complex, 35 to 55 percent slopes,

very stony

Setting

Landscape position: Side slopes

Composition

Berks soil: 50 percent

Weikert soil: 35 percent

Inclusions: 15 percent
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

42

Typical Profile

Berks

Surface layer:

0 to 1 inch—leaf litter

1 to 3 inches—dark brown channery loam

Subsoil:

3 to 6 inches—brown channery loam

6 to 12 inches—brownish yellow channery loam

12 to 19 inches—brownish yellow very channery silt loam

19 to 23 inches—yellowish brown very channery silt loam

Substratum:

23 to 30 inches—yellowish brown very channery silt loam

Bedrock:

30 inches—highly weathered, strong brown, gray, and olive siltstone

Weikert

Surface layer:

0 to 1 inch—forest litter

1 to 2 inches—dark brown channery silt loam

Subsurface layer:

2 to 7 inches—yellowish brown very channery silt loam

Subsoil:

7 to 12 inches—yellowish brown very channery silt loam

Substratum:

12 to 16 inches—brownish yellow extremely channery silt loam

Bedrock:

16 inches—multicolored siltstone and shale

Soil Properties and Qualities

Drainage class: Well drained

Permeability: Berks—moderate or moderately rapid; Weikert—moderately

rapid

Available water capacity: Berks—very low or low; Weikert—very low

Seasonal high water table: None

Flooding: None

Shrink-swell potential: Low

Hazard of erosion: Very severe

Slope class: Steep or very steep

Stoniness: Very stony

Rockiness: Nonrocky

Natural fertility: Low

Reaction (in unlimed areas): Berks—extremely acid to strongly acid; Weikert—very

strongly acid or strongly acid

Organic matter content of surface layer: Low

Surface runoff: Berks—high; Weikert—medium

Depth to bedrock: Berks—20 to 40 inches; Weikert—10 to 20 inches

Bedrock type: Siltstone and shale

Inclusions

Limiting inclusions:

• Soils with slopes of more than 55 percent
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

43

• Soils that have stones covering more than 3 percent of the surface

• Areas of rock outcrop

• Soils that are less than 10 inches deep over bedrock

• Areas where erosion has removed most of the original surface layer and the subsoil

is exposed

Nonlimiting inclusions:

• Moderately deep Dekalb soils

• Soils that are more than 40 inches deep over bedrock

• Soils with slopes of less than 35 percent

• Soils that have stones covering less than 0.1 percent of the surface

Use and Management

Uses: All areas of this map unit are wooded.

Cropland

Suitability: Unsuited

Management concerns: Slope, erosion, and stoniness

Pasture and Hayland

Suitability: Unsuited

Management concerns: Slope, erosion, and stoniness

Woodland

Potential productivity: Moderate

Management concerns: Slope, erosion, seedling mortality, droughtiness, and depth to

bedrock

Management considerations:

• Establishing roads and trails on a gentle grade across the slope and seeding and

mulching bare areas help to control erosion.

• Planting special nursery stock that is larger than is typical or planting containerized

seedlings will reduce the seedling mortality rate.

• Specialized equipment and management techniques that are adapted to these very

steep slopes should be used when timber is harvested.

Community Development

Suitability: Unsuited

Management concerns: Slope, erosion, depth to bedrock, and stoniness

Management considerations:

• A suitable alternative site should be selected.

Interpretive Groups

Land capability classification: 7s

Woodland ordination symbol: Berks—3R; Weikert—2R

BtC—Blackthorn very channery loam, 3 to 15 percent

slopes, extremely stony

Setting

Landscape position: Footslopes and benches, generally near the base of Muddy

Creek Mountain

Composition

Blackthorn soil: 75 percent

Inclusions: 25 percent
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

44

Typical Profile

Surface layer:

0 to 1 inch—leaf litter

1 to 6 inches—very dark gray very channery loam

Subsoil:

6 to 12 inches—brown channery sandy loam

12 to 24 inches—yellowish brown very channery loam

24 to 37 inches—yellowish brown and strong brown very channery sandy clay loam

37 to 44 inches—yellowish brown very channery clay loam

44 to 65 inches—strong brown silty clay and silty clay loam

Soil Properties and Qualities

Drainage class: Well drained

Permeability: Moderate or moderately rapid above the 2Bt horizon and moderate or

moderately slow in the 2Bt horizon

Available water capacity: Moderate

Seasonal high water table: None

Flooding: None

Shrink-swell potential: Low above the 2Bt horizon and moderate in the 2Bt horizon

Hazard of erosion: Moderate

Slope class: Gently sloping or strongly sloping

Stoniness: Extremely stony

Rockiness: Nonrocky

Natural fertility: Low or medium

Reaction: In unlimed areas, very strongly acid to moderately acid

Organic matter content in the surface layer: Moderate

Surface runoff: Low

Depth to bedrock: More than 60 inches

Bedrock type: Limestone or limy shale

Inclusions

Limiting inclusions:

• Wetter soils in narrow drainageways

• Soils with slopes of more than 15 percent

• Small areas of soils that have stones and boulders covering more than 15 percent

of the surface

Nonlimiting inclusions:

• Small areas of soils that have stones covering less than 3 percent of the surface

• Soils with a nonskeletal control section

Use and Management

Uses: This unit is used as woodland or pasture.

Cropland

Suitability: Unsuited

Management concerns: Excessive stone cover

Management considerations:

• Stones can be removed from the fields, if practical, or other areas that are not so

stony should be used as cropland.

Pasture and Hayland

Suitability: Unsuited to hay; limited for pasture

Management concerns: Erosion, overgrazing, and excessive stone cover
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

45

Management considerations:

• Proper stocking rates, a rotation grazing system, and deferred grazing in the spring

until the soil is reasonably firm help to maintain desirable grasses and legumes.

• The excessive stoniness limits the use of most types of farm machinery.

Woodland

Potential productivity: Moderately high

Management concerns: Plant competition

Management considerations:

• A portion of the overstory should be retained during harvest.

• Application of herbicides helps to control undesirable vegetation.

• Site preparation following harvest and establishment of the new forest for tree crop

production without delay reduce plant competition.

• Roads should not be used during wet periods unless they have been strengthened

with gravel because rut formation is a hazard.

• Maintaining streamside filter strips, installing water bars, and revegetating disturbed

areas after they are no longer being used help to control erosion and maintain

water quality.

Community Development

Suitability: Suited

Management concerns: Excessive stoniness and slope

Management considerations:

• Landscaping with additional fill material and designing dwellings so that they

conform to the setting and to the natural slope of the land help to overcome the

slope.

Interpretive Groups

Land capability classification: 7s

Woodland ordination symbol: 4F

BtE—Blackthorn very channery loam, 15 to 35 percent

slopes, extremely stony

Setting

Landscape position: Footslopes and benches, mostly near the base of Muddy Creek

Mountain

Composition

Blackthorn soil: 75 percent

Limiting inclusions: 25 percent

Typical Profile

Surface layer:

0 to 1 inch—leaf litter

1 to 6 inches—very dark gray very channery loam

Subsoil:

6 to 12 inches—brown channery sandy loam

12 to 24 inches—yellowish brown very channery loam

24 to 37 inches—yellowish brown and strong brown very channery sandy clay

loam

37 to 44 inches—yellowish brown very channery clay loam

44 to 65 inches—strong brown silty clay and silty clay loam
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

46

Soil Properties and Qualities

Drainage class: Well drained

Permeability: Moderate or moderately rapid above the 2Bt horizon and moderate or

moderately slow in the 2Bt horizon

Available water capacity: Moderate

Seasonal high water table: None

Flooding: None

Shrink-swell potential: Low above the 2Bt horizon and moderate in the 2Bt horizon

Hazard of erosion: Severe

Slope class: Strongly sloping to steep

Stoniness: Extremely stony

Rockiness: Nonrocky

Natural fertility: Low or medium

Reaction: In unlimed areas, very strongly acid to moderately acid

Organic matter content in the surface layer: Moderate

Surface runoff: Medium

Depth to bedrock: More than 60 inches

Bedrock type: Limestone or limy shale

Inclusions

Limiting inclusions:

• Wetter soils in narrow drainageways

• Soils with slopes of more than 35 percent

• Small areas where stones and boulders cover more than 15 percent of the surface

Nonlimiting inclusions:

• Small areas where stones cover less than 3 percent of the surface

• Soils with a nonskeletal control section

• Soils with slopes of less than 15 percent

Use and Management

Uses: This map unit is used as woodland or pasture.

Cropland

Suitability: Unsuited

Management concerns: Excessive stone cover

Pasture and Hayland

Suitability: Unsuited to hay; limited for pasture

Management concerns: Erosion, overgrazing, and excessive stone cover

Management considerations:

• Proper stocking rates, a rotation grazing system, and deferment of grazing in the

spring until the soil is reasonably firm help to maintain desirable grasses and

legumes.

• The excessive stoniness limits the use of most types of farm machinery.

Woodland

Potential productivity: Moderately high

Management concerns: Plant competition and erosion

Management considerations:

• A portion of the overstory should be retained during harvest.

• Application of herbicides helps to control undesirable vegetation.

• Site preparation following harvest and establishment of the new forest for tree crop

production without delay reduce plant competition.

• Roads should not be used during wet periods unless they have been strengthened

with gravel because rut formation is a hazard.
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

47

• Maintaining streamside filter strips, installing water bars, and revegetating disturbed

areas after they are no longer being used help to control erosion and maintain

water quality.

Community Development

Suitability: Suited

Management concerns: Excessive stoniness and slope

Management considerations:

• Landscaping with additional fill material and designing dwellings so that they

conform to the setting and to the natural slope of the land help to overcome the

slope.

Interpretive Groups

Land capability classification: 7s

Woodland ordination symbol: 4R

BxF—Briery-Rock outcrop complex, very steep

Setting

Landscape position: Highwalls, benches, and outslopes, mostly on mountain side

slopes (fig. 6)

Note: The Briery soil and areas of Rock outcrop could not be mapped separately at

the scale selected for mapping.

Figure 6.—An area of Briery-Rock outcrop complex, very steep, on Fork Mountain, in the northern

part of the county.
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

48

Composition

Briery soil: 70 percent

Rock outcrop: 15 percent

Inclusions: 15 percent

Typical Profile

Briery

Surface layer:

0 to 2 inches—very dark grayish brown very channery silt loam

Substratum:

2 to 21 inches—dark brown very channery silt loam with strong brown and gray

lithochromic mottles

21 to 65 inches—dark brown extremely channery silty clay loam

Rock outcrop

The Rock outcrop occurs as areas of bedrock exposed as a result of surface

mining.

Soil Properties and Qualities

Drainage class: Well drained

Permeability: Moderate or moderately rapid

Available water capacity: Low to high

Seasonal high water table: None

Flooding: None

Shrink-swell potential: Low

Hazard of erosion: Very severe to moderate

Slope class: Very steep

Stoniness: Very stony

Rockiness: Very rocky

Natural fertility: Moderate

Reaction: In unlimed areas, strongly acid to slightly alkaline

Organic matter content of the surface layer: Low

Surface runoff: Briery—medium; Rock outcrop—very high

Depth to bedrock: More than 60 inches

Inclusions

Limiting inclusions:

• Soils that are less than 60 inches deep over bedrock

• Small, wet areas on the benches

• Areas where stones or boulders cover more than 3 percent of the surface

Nonlimiting inclusions:

• Areas where stones or boulders cover less than 0.1 percent of the surface

Use and Management

Uses: Most areas of this unit are wooded. Some reclaimed bench areas are used for

grasses and legumes. The areas of Rock outcrop are generally barren.

Cropland

Suitability: Unsuited

Management concerns: Slope, erosion, stoniness, and a short growing season

Pasture and Hayland

Suitability: Unsuited to hay; limited for pasture
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

49

Management concerns: Slope, erosion, overgrazing, stoniness, and the short growing

season

Management considerations:

• Deferred grazing, a rotation grazing system, applications of lime and fertilizer as

needed, and selection of the desirable species help to establish and maintain good

forage production and to control erosion.

Woodland

Potential productivity: Moderately high

Management concerns: Seedling mortality, slope, and erosion

Management considerations:

• Constructing roads on a gentle grade across the slope and revegetating disturbed

areas help to control erosion.

Community Development

Suitability: Limited

Management concerns: Stones and boulders, very steep outslopes, the potential for

differential settling, and the Rock outcrop

Management considerations:

• Onsite investigation and testing are needed to determine the limitations and

potentials of this unit for most urban uses.

Interpretive Groups

Land capability classification: Briery—7s; Rock outcrop—8s

Woodland ordination symbol: 4R

CbC—Calvin-Dekalb-Berks complex, 3 to 15 percent

slopes, very stony

Setting

Landscape position: Benches, ridgetops, and shoulder slopes

Composition

Calvin soil: 45 percent

Dekalb soil: 25 percent

Berks soil: 20 percent

Inclusions: 10 percent

Typical Profile

Calvin

Surface layer:

0 to 1 inch—forest litter

1 to 3 inches—dark reddish brown channery silt loam

Subsoil:

3 to 5 inches—reddish brown channery silt loam

5 to 22 inches—reddish brown channery silt loam

22 to 28 inches—reddish brown very channery silt loam

Substratum:

28 to 40 inches—reddish brown extremely channery silt loam

Bedrock:

40 inches—reddish brown, highly weathered siltstone
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

50

Dekalb

Surface layer:

0 to 1 inch—forest litter

1 to 2 inches—very dark brown channery sandy loam

Subsurface layer:

2 to 4 inches—brown channery sandy loam

Subsoil:

4 to 8 inches—yellowish brown very channery loam

8 to 15 inches—brownish yellow very channery loam

15 to 23 inches—yellowish brown very channery sandy loam

Substratum:

23 to 34 inches—strong brown extremely channery sandy loam

Bedrock:

34 inches—fractured, gray, medium grained sandstone

Berks

Surface layer:

0 to 1 inch—leaf litter

1 to 3 inches—dark brown channery loam

Subsoil:

3 to 6 inches—brown channery loam

6 to 12 inches—brownish yellow channery loam

12 to 19 inches—brownish yellow very channery silt loam

19 to 23 inches—yellowish brown very channery silt loam

Substratum:

23 to 30 inches—yellowish brown very channery silt loam

Bedrock:

30 inches—highly weathered, strong brown, gray, and olive siltstone

Soil Properties and Qualities

Drainage class: Well drained

Permeability: Calvin—moderately rapid; Dekalb—rapid; Berks—moderate or

moderately rapid

Available water capacity: Calvin—low or moderate; Dekalb—very low to moderate;

Berks—very low or low

Seasonal high water table: None

Flooding: None

Shrink-swell potential: Low

Hazard of erosion: Moderate or severe

Slope class: Strongly sloping or gently sloping

Stoniness: Very stony

Rockiness: Nonrocky

Natural fertility: Low

Reaction (in unlimed areas): Calvin—very strongly acid or strongly acid; Dekalb and

Berks—extremely acid to strongly acid

Organic matter content of the surface layer: Moderate

Surface runoff: Calvin and Dekalb—low; Berks—medium

Depth to bedrock: 20 to 40 inches

Bedrock type: Calvin and Berks—siltstone; Dekalb—sandstone
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

51

Inclusions

Limiting inclusions:

• Soils with slopes of more than 15 percent

Nonlimiting inclusions:

• Well drained Blackthorn soils

• Well drained Hazleton soils

• Soils that have stones covering less than 1 percent of the surface

• Soils with slopes of less than 3 percent

Use and Management

Uses: Most areas of this unit are wooded.

Cropland

Suitability: Unsuited

Management concerns: Stoniness and erosion

Pasture and Hayland

Suitability: Unsuited to hay; suited to pasture

Management concerns: Stoniness, erosion, and overgrazing

Management considerations:

• Proper stocking rates that help to maintain desirable grasses and legumes and a

rotation grazing system are major pasture management needs.

Woodland

Potential productivity: Calvin and Berks—moderately high; Dekalb—moderate

Management concerns: Plant competition, erosion, and low strength

Management considerations:

• Site preparation following harvest and establishment of the new forest for tree crop

production without delay reduce plant competition.

• Harvesting so that a portion of the overstory is retained and applying herbicides

also reduce plant competition.

• Maintaining streamside filter strips, installing water bars, and revegetating disturbed

areas after they are no longer being used help to control erosion.

• Roads should not be used during wet periods unless they have been strengthened

with gravel because rut formation is a hazard.

Community Development

Suitability: Limited

Management concerns: Stones, depth to bedrock, slope, and erosion

Management considerations:

• Building above the bedrock, landscaping with additional fill material, and designing

dwellings so that they conform to the setting and to the natural slope of the land

help to overcome the limitations on sites for dwellings with or without basements.

• Increasing the size of lots so that they include areas of more favorable soils or

installing an alternate system helps to overcome the limited depth to bedrock on

sites for septic tank absorption fields.

• Constructing roads and streets on the contour and removing the stones help to

overcome the slope and the stoniness on sites for local roads and streets.

• Revegetating during or soon after construction reduces the hazard of erosion in

cleared areas.

Interpretive Groups

Land capability classification: 6s

Woodland ordination symbol: 3F
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

52

CbE—Calvin-Dekalb-Berks complex, 15 to 35 percent

slopes, very stony

Setting

Landscape position: Benches and side slopes

Composition

Calvin soil: 35 percent

Dekalb soil: 30 percent

Berks soil: 20 percent

Inclusions: 15 percent

Typical Profile

Calvin

Surface layer:

0 to 1 inch—forest litter

1 to 3 inches—dark reddish brown channery silt loam

Subsoil:

3 to 5 inches—reddish brown channery silt loam

5 to 22 inches—reddish brown channery silt loam

22 to 28 inches—reddish brown very channery silt loam

Substratum:

28 to 40 inches—reddish brown extremely channery silt loam

Bedrock:

40 inches—reddish brown, highly weathered siltstone

Dekalb

Surface layer:

0 to 1 inch—forest litter

1 to 2 inches—very dark brown channery sandy loam

Subsurface layer:

2 to 4 inches—brown channery sandy loam

Subsoil:

4 to 8 inches—yellowish brown very channery loam

8 to 15 inches—brownish yellow very channery loam

15 to 23 inches—yellowish brown very channery sandy loam

Substratum:

23 to 34 inches—strong brown extremely channery sandy loam

Bedrock:

34 inches—fractured, gray, medium grained sandstone

Berks

Surface layer:

0 to 1 inch—leaf litter

1 to 3 inches—dark brown channery loam

Subsoil:

3 to 6 inches—brown channery loam

6 to 12 inches—brownish yellow channery loam

12 to 19 inches—brownish yellow very channery silt loam
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

53

19 to 23 inches—yellowish brown very channery silt loam

Substratum:

23 to 30 inches—yellowish brown very channery silt loam

Bedrock:

30 inches—highly weathered, strong brown, gray, and olive siltstone

Soil Properties and Qualities

Drainage class: Well drained

Permeability: Calvin—moderately rapid; Dekalb—rapid; Berks—moderate or

moderately rapid

Available water capacity: Calvin—low or moderate; Dekalb—very low to moderate;

Berks—very low or low

Seasonal high water table: None

Flooding: None

Shrink-swell potential: Low

Hazard of erosion: Very severe

Slope class: Steep or moderately steep

Stoniness: Very stony

Rockiness: Nonrocky

Natural fertility: Low

Reaction (in unlimed areas): Calvin—very strongly acid or strongly acid; Dekalb and

Berks—extremely acid to strongly acid

Organic matter content of the surface layer: Moderate

Surface runoff: Calvin and Dekalb—medium; Berks—high

Depth to bedrock: 20 to 40 inches

Bedrock type: Calvin and Berks—siltstone; Dekalb—sandstone

Inclusions

Limiting inclusions:

• Soils with slopes of more than 35 percent

Nonlimiting inclusions:

• Well drained Blackthorn soils

• Well drained Hazleton soils

• Soils that have stones covering less than 0.1 percent of the surface

• Soils with slopes of less than 15 percent

Use and Management

Uses: Most areas of this unit are wooded.

Cropland

Suitability: Unsuited

Management concerns: Stoniness, slope, and erosion

Pasture and Hayland

Suitability: Unsuited to hay; limited for pasture

Management concerns: Stoniness, slope, erosion, and overgrazing

Management considerations:

• Proper stocking rates that help to maintain desirable grasses and legumes and a

rotation grazing system are major pasture management needs.

Woodland

Potential productivity: Moderate or moderately high on north aspects and moderate

on south aspects
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

54

Management concerns: Plant competition, slope, erosion, and low strength

Management considerations:

• Site preparation following harvest and establishment of the new forest for tree crop

production without delay reduce plant competition.

• Harvesting so that a portion of the overstory is retained and applying herbicides

also reduce plant competition.

• Excavation of sites for haul roads, major skid roads, and landings helps to

overcome the slope.

• Where feasible, landings should be located in areas of the less sloping inclusions.

• The hazard of erosion can be reduced by maintaining streamside filter strips;

controlling surface runoff on roads and landings through the use of ditches, dips, or

water bars; seeding bare areas; and constructing haul roads and major skid roads

on a gentle grade across the slope.

• Roads should not be used during wet periods unless they have been strengthened

with gravel because rut formation is a hazard.

Community Development

Suitability: Limited

Management concerns: Stones, depth to bedrock, slope, and erosion

Management considerations:

• The included soils that are deeper to bedrock and have fewer stones on the surface

are better suited to urban development.

Interpretive Groups

Land capability classification: 7s

Woodland ordination symbol: Calvin—4F on north aspects and 3F on south aspects;

Dekalb—3F on north aspects and 2F on south aspects; Berks—4F on north and

south aspects

CbF—Calvin-Dekalb-Berks complex, 35 to 55 percent

slopes, very stony

Setting

Landscape position: Side slopes

Composition

Calvin soil: 35 percent

Dekalb soil: 25 percent

Berks soil: 20 percent

Inclusions: 20 percent

Typical Profile

Calvin

Surface layer:

0 to 1 inch—forest litter

1 to 3 inches—dark reddish brown channery silt loam

Subsoil:

3 to 5 inches—reddish brown channery silt loam

5 to 22 inches—reddish brown channery silt loam

22 to 28 inches—reddish brown very channery silt loam

Substratum:

28 to 40 inches—reddish brown extremely channery silt loam
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

55

Bedrock:

40 inches—reddish brown, highly weathered siltstone

Dekalb

Surface layer:

0 to 1 inch—forest litter

1 to 2 inches—very dark brown channery sandy loam

Subsurface layer:

2 to 4 inches—brown channery sandy loam

Subsoil:

4 to 8 inches—yellowish brown very channery loam

8 to 15 inches—brownish yellow very channery loam

15 to 23 inches—yellowish brown very channery sandy loam

Substratum:

23 to 34 inches—strong brown extremely channery sandy loam

Bedrock:

34 inches—fractured, gray, medium grained sandstone

Berks

Surface layer:

0 to 1 inch—leaf litter

1 to 3 inches—dark brown channery loam

Subsoil:

3 to 6 inches—brown channery loam

6 to 12 inches—brownish yellow channery loam

12 to 19 inches—brownish yellow very channery silt loam

19 to 23 inches—yellowish brown very channery silt loam

Substratum:

23 to 30 inches—yellowish brown very channery silt loam

Bedrock:

30 inches—highly weathered, strong brown, gray, and olive siltstone

Soil Properties and Qualities

Drainage class: Well drained

Permeability: Calvin—moderately rapid; Dekalb—rapid; Berks—moderate or

moderately rapid

Available water capacity: Calvin—low or moderate; Dekalb—very low to moderate;

Berks—very low or low

Seasonal high water table: None

Flooding: None

Shrink-swell potential: Low

Hazard of erosion: Very severe

Slope class: Steep or very steep

Stoniness: Very stony

Rockiness: Nonrocky

Natural fertility: Low

Reaction (in unlimed areas): Calvin—very strongly acid or strongly acid; Dekalb and

Berks—extremely acid to strongly acid

Organic matter content of the surface layer: Moderate

Surface runoff: Calvin and Dekalb—medium; Berks—high

Depth to bedrock: 20 to 40 inches

Bedrock type: Calvin and Berks—siltstone; Dekalb—sandstone
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

56

Inclusions

Limiting inclusions:

• Soils with slopes of more than 55 percent

Nonlimiting inclusions:

• Well drained Blackthorn soils

• Well drained Hazleton soils

• Soils that have stones covering less than 0.1 percent of the surface

• Soils with slopes of less than 35 percent

Use and Management

Uses: Most areas of this unit are wooded.

Cropland

Suitability: Unsuited

Management concerns: Stoniness, slope, and erosion

Pasture and Hayland

Suitability: Unsuited to hay; limited for pasture

Management concerns: Stoniness, slope, erosion, and overgrazing

Management considerations:

• Proper stocking rates that help to maintain desirable grasses and legumes and a

rotation grazing system are major pasture management needs.

Woodland

Potential productivity: Moderate or moderately high on north aspects and moderate

on south aspects

Management concerns: Plant competition, slope, erosion, and low strength

Management considerations:

• Site preparation following harvest and establishment of the new forest for tree crop

production without delay reduce plant competition.

• Harvesting so that a portion of the overstory is retained and applying herbicides

also reduce plant competition.

• Excavation of sites for haul roads, major skid roads, and landings helps to

overcome the slope.

• Where feasible, landings should be located in areas of the less sloping

inclusions.

• The hazard of erosion can be reduced by maintaining streamside filter strips;

controlling surface runoff on roads, trails, and landings through the use of ditches,

dips, or water bars; seeding bare areas; and constructing haul roads and major

skid roads on a gentle grade across the slope.

• Roads should not be used during wet periods unless they have been strengthened

with gravel because rut formation is a hazard.

Community Development

Suitability: Limited

Management concerns: Stones, depth to bedrock, slope, and erosion

Management considerations:

• A suitable alternative site should be selected.

Interpretive Groups

Land capability classification: 7s

Woodland ordination symbol: Calvin—4R on north aspects and 3R on south aspects;

Dekalb—3R on north aspects and 2R on south aspects; Berks—3R on north and

south aspects
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

57

CeF—Caneyville-Frederick-Rock outcrop complex, karst,

35 to 60 percent slopes

Setting

Landscape position: Upland side slopes, in the central part of the survey area

Composition

Caneyville soil: 40 percent

Frederick soil: 30 percent

Rock outcrop: 20 percent

Inclusions: 10 percent

Typical Profile

Caneyville

Surface layer:

0 to 3 inches—brown silt loam

Subsoil:

3 to 6 inches—strong brown silt loam

6 to 10 inches—strong brown silty clay loam

10 to 24 inches—yellowish red clay

Bedrock:

24 inches—hard limestone with a very thin, highly weathered, white, powdery

coating

Frederick

Surface layer:

0 to 4 inches—dark yellowish brown silt loam

Subsoil:

4 to 8 inches—brown silt loam

8 to 23 inches—strong brown silty clay loam

23 to 29 inches—yellowish red silty clay loam

29 to 44 inches—yellowish red clay

44 to 63 inches—red clay

Substratum:

63 to 80 inches or more—mixed red and light olive brown clay

Rock outcrop

The Rock outcrop occurs as areas of exposed bedrock.

Soil Properties and Qualities

Drainage class: Well drained

Permeability: Moderately slow or moderate

Available water capacity: Frederick—moderate or high; Caneyville—low or moderate

Seasonal high water table: None

Flooding: None

Shrink-swell potential: Moderate

Hazard of erosion: High

Slope class: Steep or very steep

Stoniness: Nonstony

Rockiness: Very rocky

Natural fertility: High
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

58

Reaction: In unlimed areas, strongly acid to slightly alkaline

Organic matter content of the surface layer: Moderate

Surface runoff: Caneyville and Frederick—high; Rock outcrop—very high

Depth to bedrock: Frederick—more than 60 inches; Caneyville—20 to 40 inches

Bedrock type: Limestone

Inclusions

Limiting inclusions:

• Soils that are less than 20 inches deep over bedrock

• Soils with slopes of more than 60 percent

Nonlimiting inclusions:

• Moderately deep Culleoka soils

• Deep and very deep Frankstown soils

• Very deep colluvial soils at the base of slopes

Use and Management

Uses: Most areas are wooded. A few small areas have been cleared and are used

as pasture.

Cropland

Suitability: Unsuited

Management concerns: Rock outcrop, erosion, and slope

Pasture and Hayland

Suitability: Unsuited to hay; limited for pasture (fig. 7)

Management concerns: Erosion, slope, overgrazing, and water supply for

livestock

Figure 7.—An area of Caneyville-Frederick-Rock outcrop complex, karst, 35 to 60 percent slopes,

used as unimproved pasture.
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

59

Management considerations:

• Proper stocking rates, a rotation grazing system, and deferred grazing in the spring

until the ground is reasonably firm help to maintain desirable grasses and legumes.

• Where possible, springs can be developed as a source of water for livestock or

pastures should be designed to include areas where water can be made available.

Woodland

Potential productivity: Moderately high

Management concerns: Erosion, slope, and the Rock outcrop

Management considerations:

• Specialized equipment and management techniques that are adapted to steep

slopes should be used when timber is harvested.

• Establishing roads and trails on a gentle grade across the slope, controlling surface

runoff, seeding roads and trails after they are no longer being used, keeping the

total mileage of roads and trails to a minimum, and seeding and mulching bare

areas help to control erosion.

Community Development

Suitability: Unsuited

Management concerns: Slope, the Rock outcrop, the moderate shrink-swell potential,

slow water movement, and, in areas of the Caneyville soil, depth to bedrock

Management considerations:

• A suitable alternative site should be selected.

Interpretive Groups

Land capability classification: Caneyville and Frederick—7s; Rock outcrop—8s

Woodland ordination symbol: 4R for north and south aspects

CfB—Cateache silt loam, 3 to 8 percent slopes

Setting

Landscape position: Ridgetops and benches, mainly in the eastern part of the survey

area

Composition

Cateache soil: 85 percent

Inclusions: 15 percent

Typical Profile

Surface layer:

0 to 5 inches—dark brown silt loam

Subsoil:

5 to 11 inches—dark reddish brown silt loam

11 to 19 inches—dark reddish brown channery silty clay loam

19 to 29 inches—dark reddish brown very channery silty clay loam

Substratum:

29 to 36 inches—reddish brown extremely channery silty clay loam

Bedrock:

36 inches—highly weathered, brown, fractured siltstone

Soil Properties and Qualities

Drainage class: Well drained

Permeability: Moderate
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

60

Available water capacity: Moderate or high

Seasonal high water table: None

Flooding: None

Shrink-swell potential: Moderate

Hazard of erosion: Moderate

Slope class: Gently sloping

Stoniness: Nonstony

Rockiness: Nonrocky

Natural fertility: Moderate or high

Reaction: In unlimed areas, very strongly acid to moderately acid

Organic matter content in the surface layer: Moderate

Surface runoff: Medium

Depth to bedrock: 20 to 40 inches

Bedrock type: Brown, fractured siltstone

Inclusions

Limiting inclusions:

• Soils that are less than 20 inches deep over bedrock

• Soils with slopes of more than 8 percent

• Eroded soils

Nonlimiting inclusions:

• Culleoka soils in similar landscape positions

• Soils that are more than 40 inches deep over bedrock

Use and Management

Uses: Most areas of this unit have been cleared and are used for hay and pasture.

Some are wooded.

Cropland

Suitability: Suited

Management concerns: Erosion and fertility and tilth

Management considerations:

• Applying a conservation tillage system, cultivating on the contour, applying a crop

sequence that includes hay, and returning crop residue to the soil help to control

erosion and maintain fertility and tilth in cultivated areas.

Pasture and Hayland

Suitability: Suited

Management concerns: Erosion and overgrazing

Management considerations:

• Proper stocking rates, a rotation grazing system, and deferment of grazing in the

spring until the soil is reasonably firm help to maintain desirable grasses and

legumes.

Woodland

Potential productivity: Moderately high

Management concerns: Plant competition

Management considerations:

• Site preparation following harvest and establishment of the new forest for tree crop

production without delay reduce plant competition.

• During wet periods unsurfaced roads may become soft and the use of wheeled and

tracked equipment may cause excessive rutting.

• The use of special, low ground pressure equipment when the soil is wet minimizes

damage to the soil.
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

61

• Seeding roads, skid trails, and log landings after they are no longer being used and

keeping the total mileage of roads and skid trails to a minimum help to control

erosion.

Community Development

Suitability: Limited

Management concerns: Dwellings with basements—depth to bedrock and the

moderate shrink-swell potential; dwellings without basements—the moderate

shrink-swell potential; septic tank absorption fields—depth to bedrock; local roads

and streets—the moderate shrink-swell potential and frost action

Management considerations:

• Building above the bedrock, landscaping with additional fill material, and designing

dwellings so that they conform to the setting and to the natural slope of the land

help to overcome the depth to bedrock.

• Adding extra reinforcement in footers and backfilling with coarse textured material

help to prevent the structural damage caused by shrinking and swelling on sites for

dwellings.

• Increasing the size of lots so that they include areas of more favorable soils or

installing an alternate system helps to overcome the limitations on sites for septic

tank absorption fields.

• Providing a coarser grained subgrade or base material to frost depth helps to

prevent the damage caused by shrinking and swelling and by frost action on sites

for local roads and streets.

Interpretive Groups

Land capability classification: 2e

Woodland ordination symbol: 4A

CfC—Cateache silt loam, 8 to 15 percent slopes

Setting

Landscape position: Ridgetops and benches, mainly in the eastern part of the survey

area

Composition

Cateache soil: 85 percent

Inclusions: 15 percent

Typical Profile

Surface layer:

0 to 5 inches—dark brown silt loam

Subsoil:

5 to 11 inches—dark reddish brown silt loam

11 to 19 inches—dark reddish brown channery silty clay loam

19 to 29 inches—dark reddish brown very channery silty clay loam

Substratum:

29 to 36 inches—reddish brown extremely channery silty clay loam

Bedrock:

36 inches—highly weathered, brown, fractured siltstone

Soil Properties and Qualities

Drainage class: Well drained

Permeability: Moderate
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

62

Available water capacity: Moderate or high

Seasonal high water table: None

Flooding: None

Shrink-swell potential: Moderate

Hazard of erosion: Severe

Slope class: Strongly sloping

Stoniness: Nonstony

Rockiness: Nonrocky

Natural fertility: Moderate or high

Reaction: In unlimed areas, very strongly acid to moderately acid

Organic matter content in the surface layer: Moderate

Surface runoff: Medium

Depth to bedrock: 20 to 40 inches

Bedrock type: Brown, fractured siltstone

Inclusions

Limiting inclusions:

• Soils that are less than 20 inches deep over bedrock

• Soils with slopes of more than 15 percent

• Eroded soils

Nonlimiting inclusions:

• Culleoka soils in similar landscape positions

• Soils that are more than 40 inches deep over bedrock

• Soils with slopes of less than 8 percent

Use and Management

Uses: Most areas of this unit have been cleared and are used for hay and pasture.

Some areas are wooded.

Cropland

Suitability: Suited

Management concerns: Erosion and fertility and tilth

Management considerations:

• Applying a conservation tillage system, cultivating on the contour, applying a crop

rotation that includes hay, and returning crop residue to the soil help to control

erosion and to maintain fertility and tilth in cultivated areas.

Pasture and Hayland

Suitability: Suited

Management concerns: Erosion and overgrazing

Management considerations:

• Proper stocking rates, a rotation grazing system, and deferment of grazing in the

spring until the soil is reasonably firm help to maintain desirable grasses and

legumes.

Woodland

Potential productivity: Moderately high

Management concerns: Erosion on roads, skid trails, and log landings and plant

competition

Management considerations:

• Establishing roads and trails on a gentle grade across the slope, controlling surface

runoff, seeding roads and trails after they are no longer being used, keeping the

total mileage of roads and trails to a minimum, and seeding and mulching bare

areas help to control erosion.
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

63

• Site preparation following harvest and establishment of the new forest for tree crop

production without delay reduce plant competition.

Community Development

Suitability: Limited

Management concerns: Dwellings with basements—depth to bedrock, the moderate

shrink-swell potential, and slope; dwellings without basements—the moderate

shrink-swell potential and slope; septic tank absorption fields—depth to bedrock;

local roads and streets—slope, the moderate shrink-swell potential, and frost

action

Management considerations:

• Building above the bedrock, landscaping with additional fill material, and designing

dwellings so that they conform to the setting and to the natural slope of the land

help to overcome the slope and depth to bedrock.

• Adding extra reinforcement in footers and backfilling with coarse textured material

help to prevent the structural damage caused by shrinking and swelling on sites for

dwellings.

• Increasing the size of lots so that they include areas of more favorable soils or

installing an alternate system helps to overcome the limitations on sites for septic

tank absorption fields.

• Constructing roads and streets on a gentle grade across the slope helps to

overcome the slope on sites for local roads and streets.

• Providing a coarser grained subgrade or base material to the frost depth helps to

prevent the damage caused by shrinking and swelling and by frost action on sites

for local roads and streets.

Interpretive Groups

Land capability classification: 3e

Woodland ordination symbol: 4A

CfD—Cateache silt loam, 15 to 25 percent slopes

Setting

Landscape position: Ridgetops, benches, and side slopes, mainly in the eastern part

of the survey area

Composition

Cateache soil: 85 percent

Inclusions: 15 percent

Typical Profile

Surface layer:

0 to 5 inches—dark brown silt loam

Subsoil:

5 to 11 inches—dark reddish brown silt loam

11 to 19 inches—dark reddish brown channery silty clay loam

19 to 29 inches—dark reddish brown very channery silty clay loam

Substratum:

29 to 36 inches—reddish brown extremely channery silty clay loam

Bedrock:

36 inches—highly weathered, brown, fractured siltstone
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

64

Soil Properties and Qualities

Drainage class: Well drained

Permeability: Moderate

Available water capacity: Moderate or high

Seasonal high water table: None

Flooding: None

Shrink-swell potential: Moderate

Hazard of erosion: Severe

Slope class: Moderately steep

Stoniness: Nonstony

Rockiness: Nonrocky

Natural fertility: Moderate or high

Reaction: In unlimed areas, very strongly acid to moderately acid

Organic matter content in the surface layer: Moderate

Surface runoff: High

Depth to bedrock: 20 to 40 inches

Bedrock type: Brown, fractured siltstone

Inclusions

Limiting inclusions:

• Soils that are less than 20 inches deep over bedrock

• Soils with slopes of more than 25 percent

• Eroded soils

Nonlimiting inclusions:

• Culleoka soils in similar landscape positions

• Soils that are more than 40 inches deep over bedrock

• Soils with slopes of less than 15 percent

Use and Management

Uses: Most areas of this unit have been cleared and are used as pasture. Some

areas are wooded.

Cropland

Suitability: Limited

Management concerns: Erosion and slope

Management considerations:

• Applying a conservation tillage system, cultivating on the contour, applying a crop

rotation that includes hay, and returning crop residue to the soil help to control

erosion and to maintain fertility and tilth.

Pasture and Hayland

Suitability: Suited

Management concerns: Erosion and overgrazing

Management considerations:

• Proper stocking rates, a rotation grazing system, and deferment of grazing in the

spring until the soil is reasonably firm help to maintain desirable grasses and

legumes.

Woodland

Potential productivity: Moderately high

Management concerns: Erosion, slope, and plant competition

Management considerations:

• Establishing roads and trails on a gentle grade across the slope, controlling surface

runoff, seeding roads and trails after they are no longer being used, keeping the
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

65

total mileage of roads and trails to a minimum, and seeding and mulching bare

areas help to control erosion.

• Site preparation following harvest and establishment of the new forest for tree crop

production without delay reduce plant competition.

Community Development

Suitability: Limited

Management concerns: Slope, depth to bedrock, and slippage

Management considerations:

• Included soils that have slopes of less than 15 percent or that are more than

40 inches deep over bedrock have fewer limitations affecting most urban uses.

Interpretive Groups

Land capability classification: 4e

Woodland ordination symbol: 4R for north and south aspects

CfE—Cateache silt loam, 25 to 35 percent slopes

Setting

Landscape position: Side slopes, mainly in the eastern part of the survey area

Composition

Cateache soil: 85 percent

Inclusions: 15 percent

Typical Profile

Surface layer:

0 to 5 inches—dark brown silt loam

Subsoil:

5 to 11 inches—dark reddish brown silt loam

11 to 19 inches—dark reddish brown channery silty clay loam

19 to 29 inches—dark reddish brown very channery silty clay loam

Substratum:

29 to 36 inches—reddish brown extremely channery silty clay loam

Bedrock:

36 inches—highly weathered, brown, fractured siltstone

Soil Properties and Qualities

Drainage class: Well drained

Permeability: Moderate

Available water capacity: Moderate or high

Seasonal high water table: None

Flooding: None

Shrink-swell potential: Moderate

Hazard of erosion: Very severe

Slope class: Steep

Stoniness: Nonstony

Rockiness: Nonrocky

Natural fertility: Moderate or high

Reaction: In unlimed areas, very strongly acid to moderately acid

Organic matter content in the surface layer: Moderate

Surface runoff: High
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

66

Depth to bedrock: 20 to 40 inches

Bedrock type: Brown, fractured siltstone

Inclusions

Limiting inclusions:

• Soils that are less than 20 inches deep over bedrock

• Soils with slopes of more than 35 percent

Nonlimiting inclusions:

• Culleoka soils in similar landscape positions

• Soils that are more than 40 inches deep over bedrock

• Soils with slopes of less than 25 percent

Use and Management

Uses: Most areas of this unit are wooded. Some areas have been cleared and are

used as pasture.

Cropland

Suitability: Unsuited

Management concerns: Erosion and slope

Pasture and Hayland

Suitability: Suited

Management concerns: Erosion and overgrazing

Management considerations:

• Proper stocking rates, a rotation grazing system, and deferment of grazing in the

spring until the soil is reasonably firm help to maintain desirable grasses and

legumes.

Woodland

Potential productivity: Moderately high

Management concerns: Erosion on roads, skid trails, and log landings; plant

competition; and slope

Management considerations:

• Establishing roads and trails on a gentle grade across the slope, controlling surface

runoff, seeding roads and trails after they are no longer being used, keeping the

total mileage of roads and trails to a minimum, and seeding and mulching bare

areas help to control erosion.

• Site preparation following harvest and establishment of the new forest for tree crop

production without delay reduce plant competition.

• The slope is the major limitation affecting most logging operations.

• When timber is harvested, the steepness of slope restricts the use of wheeled and

tracked equipment in skidding operations.

• Cable yarding systems generally are safer and disturb the soil less than wheeled

and tracked equipment.

• Logging roads require suitable surfacing for year-round use.

• Extra stone may need to be added during road construction in order to maintain a

stable, uniform road surface.

• Unsurfaced roads are soft when wet and can be impassable during rainy periods.

• The use of wheeled and tracked equipment when the soil is wet causes excessive

rutting.

• The use of special, low ground pressure equipment when the soil is wet minimizes

damage to the soil.

• Cut and fill slopes along roads are somewhat erodible.

Community Development

Suitability: Limited
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

67

Management concerns: Slope, depth to bedrock, and slippage

Management considerations:

• Included soils that have slopes of less than 25 percent or that are more than

40 inches deep over bedrock have fewer limitations affecting most urban uses.

Interpretive Groups

Land capability classification: 6e

Woodland ordination symbol: 4R

CfF—Cateache silt loam, 35 to 55 percent slopes

Setting

Landscape position: Side slopes, mainly in the eastern part of the survey area

Composition

Cateache soil: 85 percent

Inclusions: 15 percent

Typical Profile

Surface layer:

0 to 5 inches—dark brown silt loam

Subsoil:

5 to 11 inches—dark reddish brown silt loam

11 to 19 inches—dark reddish brown channery silty clay loam

19 to 29 inches—dark reddish brown very channery silty clay loam

Substratum:

29 to 36 inches—reddish brown extremely channery silty clay loam

Bedrock:

36 inches—highly weathered, brown, fractured siltstone

Soil Properties and Qualities

Drainage class: Well drained

Permeability: Moderate

Available water capacity: Moderate or high

Seasonal high water table: None

Flooding: None

Shrink-swell potential: Moderate

Hazard of erosion: Very severe

Slope class: Steep or very steep

Stoniness: Nonstony

Rockiness: Nonrocky

Natural fertility: Moderate or high

Reaction: In unlimed areas, very strongly acid to moderately acid

Organic matter content in the surface layer: Moderate

Surface runoff: High

Depth to bedrock: 20 to 40 inches

Bedrock type: Brown, fractured siltstone

Inclusions

Limiting inclusions:

• Soils that are less than 20 inches deep over bedrock

• Soils with slopes of more than 55 percent
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

68

Nonlimiting inclusions:

• Culleoka soils in similar landscape positions

• Soils that are more than 40 inches deep over bedrock

• Soils with slopes of less than 35 percent

Use and Management

Uses: Most areas of this unit are wooded. Some have been cleared and are used as

pasture.

Cropland

Suitability: Unsuited

Management concerns: Erosion and slope

Pasture and Hayland

Suitability: Limited

Management concerns: Erosion, slope, and overgrazing

Management considerations:

• Proper stocking rates, a rotation grazing system, and deferment of grazing in the

spring until the soil is reasonably firm help to maintain desirable grasses and

legumes.

• The slope restricts the use of most types of farm machinery.

Woodland

Potential productivity: Moderately high

Management concerns: Erosion, slope, and plant competition

Management considerations:

• Establishing roads and trails on a gentle grade across the slope, controlling surface

runoff, seeding roads and trails after they are no longer being used, keeping the

total mileage of roads and trails to a minimum, and seeding and mulching bare

areas help to control erosion.

• Site preparation following harvest and establishment of the new forest for tree crop

production without delay reduce plant competition.

• The slope is the major limitation affecting most logging operations.

• When timber is harvested, the steepness of slope restricts the use of wheeled and

tracked equipment in skidding operations.

• Cable yarding systems generally are safer and disturb the soil less than wheeled

and tracked equipment.

• Logging roads require suitable surfacing for year-round use.

• Extra stone may need to be added during road construction in order to maintain a

stable, uniform road surface.

• Unsurfaced roads are soft when wet and can be impassable during rainy periods.

• The use of wheeled and tracked equipment when the soil is wet causes excessive

rutting.

• The use of special, low ground pressure equipment when the soil is wet minimizes

damage to the soil.

• Cut and fill slopes along roads are somewhat erodible.

Community Development

Suitability: Limited

Management concerns: Slope, depth to bedrock, and slippage

Management considerations:

• Included soils that have slopes of less than 35 percent or that are more than

40 inches deep over bedrock have fewer limitations affecting most urban uses.

Interpretive Groups

Land capability classification: 7e
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

69

Woodland ordination symbol: 4R

CgC—Cateache silt loam, 3 to 15 percent slopes, very

stony

Setting

Landscape position: Ridgetops and benches, mainly in the western half of the survey

area

Composition

Cateache soil: 85 percent

Limiting inclusions: 15 percent

Typical Profile

Surface layer:

0 to 5 inches—dark brown silt loam

Subsoil:

5 to 11 inches—dark reddish brown silt loam

11 to 19 inches—dark reddish brown channery silty clay loam

19 to 29 inches—dark reddish brown very channery silty clay loam

Substratum:

29 to 36 inches—reddish brown extremely channery silty clay loam

Bedrock:

36 inches—highly weathered, brown, fractured siltstone

Soil Properties and Qualities

Drainage class: Well drained

Permeability: Moderate

Available water capacity: Moderate or high

Seasonal high water table: None

Flooding: None

Shrink-swell potential: Moderate

Hazard of erosion: Moderate or severe

Slope class: Strongly sloping or gently sloping

Stoniness: Very stony

Rockiness: Nonrocky

Natural fertility: Moderate or high

Reaction: In unlimed areas, very strongly acid to moderately acid

Organic matter content in the surface layer: Moderate

Surface runoff: Medium

Depth to bedrock: 20 to 40 inches

Bedrock type: Brown, fractured siltstone

Inclusions

Limiting inclusions:

• Soils that are less than 20 inches deep over bedrock

• Soils with slopes of more than 15 percent

Nonlimiting inclusions:

• Culleoka soils in similar landscape positions

• Soils that are more than 40 inches deep over bedrock

• Soils that have stones covering less of the surface
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

70

Use and Management

Uses: Most areas of this unit have been cleared and are used as pasture. Other

areas are wooded.

Cropland

Suitability: Unsuited

Management concerns: Erosion and stoniness

Management considerations:

• Stoniness restricts the use of most types of farm machinery.

Pasture and Hayland

Suitability: Unsuited to hay; suited for pasture

Management concerns: Stoniness in areas of hayland and erosion and overgrazing in

pastured areas

Management considerations:

• Proper stocking rates and a rotation grazing system help to maintain desirable

grasses and legumes.

Woodland

Potential productivity: Moderately high

Management concerns: Erosion on roads, skid trails, and log landings and plant

competition

Management considerations:

• Establishing roads and trails on a gentle grade across the slope and seeding and

mulching bare areas help to control erosion.

• Site preparation following harvest and establishment of the new forest for tree crop

production without delay reduce plant competition.

Community Development

Suitability: Limited

Management concerns:

 • Dwellings with basements—depth to bedrock, the moderate shrink-swell potential,

and slope; dwellings without basements—the moderate shrink-swell potential and

slope; septic tank absorption fields—depth to bedrock; local roads and streets—

slope, the moderate shrink-swell potential, and frost action

Management considerations:

• Building above the bedrock, landscaping with additional fill material, and designing

dwellings so that they conform to the setting and to the natural slope of the land

help to overcome the slope and depth to bedrock.

• Adding extra reinforcement in footers and backfilling with coarse textured material

help to prevent the structural damage caused by shrinking and swelling.

• Increasing the size of lots so that they include areas of more favorable soils or

installing an alternate system helps to overcome the slope on sites for septic tank

absorption fields.

• Constructing roads and streets on a gentle grade across the slope helps to

overcome the limitations on sites for local roads and streets.

• Providing a coarser grained subgrade or base material to frost depth helps to

prevent the damage caused by shrinking and swelling and by frost action on sites

for local roads and streets.

Interpretive Groups

Land capability classification: 6s

Woodland ordination symbol: 4A
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

71

CgE—Cateache silt loam, 15 to 35 percent slopes, very

stony

Setting

Landscape position: Ridgetops, benches, and side slopes, mainly in the western half

of the survey area

Composition

Cateache soil: 85 percent

Inclusions: 15 percent

Typical Profile

Surface layer:

0 to 5 inches—dark brown silt loam

Subsoil:

5 to 11 inches—dark reddish brown silt loam

11 to 19 inches—dark reddish brown channery silty clay loam

19 to 29 inches—dark reddish brown very channery silty clay loam

Substratum:

29 to 36 inches—reddish brown extremely channery silty clay loam

Bedrock:

36 inches—highly weathered, brown, fractured siltstone

Soil Properties and Qualities

Drainage class: Well drained

Permeability: Moderate

Available water capacity: Moderate or high

Seasonal high water table: None

Flooding: None

Shrink-swell potential: Moderate

Hazard of erosion: Severe or very severe

Slope class: Steep or moderately steep

Stoniness: Very stony

Rockiness: Nonrocky

Natural fertility: Moderate or high

Reaction: In unlimed areas, very strongly acid to moderately acid

Organic matter content in the surface layer: Moderate

Surface runoff: High

Depth to bedrock: 20 to 40 inches

Bedrock type: Brown, fractured siltstone

Inclusions

Limiting inclusions:

• Soils that are less than 20 inches deep over bedrock

• Soils with slopes of more than 35 percent

Nonlimiting inclusions:

• Culleoka soils in similar landscape positions

• Soils that are more than 40 inches deep over bedrock

• Soils with slopes of less than 15 percent

• Soils that are not so stony
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

72

Use and Management

Uses: Most areas of this unit are wooded. Some areas have been cleared and are

used as pasture.

Cropland

Suitability: Unsuited

Management concerns: Erosion, stoniness, and slope

Management considerations:

• The stoniness and slope restrict the use of most types of farm machinery.

Pasture and Hayland

Suitability: Unsuited to hay; limited for pasture

Management concerns: Hayland—stoniness and slope; pasture—erosion and

overgrazing

Management considerations:

• Proper stocking rates and a rotation grazing system help to maintain desirable

grasses and legumes.

Woodland

Potential productivity: Moderately high

Management concerns: Erosion on roads and skid trails, seedling mortality on south

aspects, plant competition, and slope

Management considerations:

• Establishing roads and trails on a gentle grade across the slope, controlling surface

runoff, seeding roads and trails after they are no longer being used, keeping the

total mileage of roads and trails to a minimum, and seeding and mulching bare

areas help to control erosion.

• Planting special nursery stock that is larger than is typical or planting containerized

seedlings reduces the seedling mortality rate.

• Site preparation following harvest and establishment of the new forest for tree crop

production without delay reduce plant competition.

• The slope is the major limitation affecting most logging operations.

• When timber is harvested, the steepness of slope restricts the use of wheeled and

tracked equipment in skidding operations.

• Cable yarding systems generally are safer and disturb the soil less than wheeled

and tracked equipment.

• Logging roads require suitable surfacing for year-round use.

• Extra stone may need to be added during road construction in order to maintain a

stable, uniform road surface.

• Unsurfaced roads are soft when wet and can be impassable during rainy

periods.

• The use of wheeled and tracked equipment when the soil is wet causes excessive

rutting.

• The use of special, low ground pressure equipment when the soil is wet minimizes

damage to the soil.

• Cut and fill slopes along roads are somewhat erodible.

Community Development

Suitability: Limited

Management concerns: Slope, depth to bedrock, and slippage

Management considerations:

• Included soils that have slopes of less than 15 percent or are more than 40 inches

deep over bedrock have fewer limitations affecting most urban development.

Interpretive Groups

Land capability classification: 7s
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

73

Woodland ordination symbol: 4R

CgF—Cateache silt loam, 35 to 55 percent slopes, very

stony

Setting

Landscape position: Side slopes, mainly in the western half of the survey area

Composition

Cateache soil: 85 percent

Inclusions: 15 percent

Typical Profile

Surface layer:

0 to 5 inches—dark brown silt loam

Subsoil:

5 to 11 inches—dark reddish brown silt loam

11 to 19 inches—dark reddish brown channery silty clay loam

19 to 29 inches—dark reddish brown very channery silty clay loam

Substratum:

29 to 36 inches—reddish brown extremely channery silty clay loam

Bedrock:

36 inches—highly weathered, brown, fractured siltstone

Soil Properties and Qualities

Drainage class: Well drained

Permeability: Moderate

Available water capacity: Moderate or high

Seasonal high water table: None

Flooding: None

Shrink-swell potential: Moderate

Hazard of erosion: Very severe

Slope class: Steep or very steep

Stoniness: Very stony

Rockiness: Nonrocky

Natural fertility: Moderate or high

Reaction: Very strongly acid to moderately acid

Organic matter content in the surface layer: Moderate

Surface runoff: High

Depth to bedrock: 20 to 40 inches

Bedrock: Brown, fractured siltstone

Inclusions

Limiting inclusions:

• Soils that are less than 20 inches deep over bedrock

• Soils with slopes of more than 55 percent

Nonlimiting inclusions:

• Culleoka soils in similar landscape positions

• Soils that are more than 40 inches deep over bedrock

• Soils with slopes of less than 35 percent

• Soils that are not so stony
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

74

Use and Management

Uses: Most areas of this unit are wooded. Some have been cleared and are used as

pasture.

Cropland

Suitability: Unsuited

Management concerns: Erosion, stoniness, and slope

Pasture and Hayland

Suitability: Unsuited to hay; limited for pasture

Management concerns: Hayland—stoniness and slope; pasture—erosion and

overgrazing

Management considerations:

• Proper stocking rates and a rotation grazing system help to maintain desirable

grasses and legumes.

Woodland

Potential productivity: Moderately high

Management concerns: Erosion on roads and skid trails, seedling mortality on south

aspects, and plant competition

Management considerations:

• Specialized equipment or management techniques that are adapted to steep slopes

should be used when timber is harvested.

• Establishing roads and trails on a gentle grade across the slope, controlling surface

runoff, seeding roads and trails after they are no longer being used, keeping the

total mileage of roads and trails to a minimum, and seeding and mulching bare

areas help to control erosion.

• Planting special nursery stock that is larger than is typical or planting containerized

seedlings will reduce the seedling mortality rate.

• Site preparation following harvest and establishment of the new forest for tree crop

production without delay reduce plant competition.

• The slope is the major limitation affecting most logging operations.

• When timber is harvested, the steepness of slope restricts the use of wheeled and

tracked equipment in skidding operations.

• Cable yarding systems generally are safer and disturb the soil less than wheeled

and tracked equipment.

• Logging roads require suitable surfacing for year-round use.

• Extra stone may need to be added during road construction in order to maintain a

stable, uniform road surface.

• Unsurfaced roads are soft when wet and can be impassable during rainy periods.

• The use of wheeled and tracked equipment when the soil is wet causes excessive

rutting.

• The use of special, low ground pressure equipment when the soil is wet minimizes

damage to the soil.

• Cut and fill slopes along roads are somewhat erodible.

Community Development

Suitability: Limited

Management concerns: Slope, depth to bedrock, and slippage

Management considerations:

• Included soils that have slopes of less than 35 percent or that are more than

40 inches deep over bedrock have fewer limitations affecting most urban uses.

Interpretive Groups

Land capability classification: 7s
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

75

Woodland ordination symbol: 4R

Ch—Chavies fine sandy loam

Setting

Landscape position: Low stream terraces, along the Greenbrier River and its major

tributaries

Composition

Chavies soil: 85 percent

Inclusions: 15 percent

Typical Profile

Surface layer:

0 to 10 inches—brown fine sandy loam

Subsoil:

10 to 25 inches—dark yellowish brown loam

25 to 55 inches—brown loam

Substratum:

55 to 65 inches or more—brown loam

Soil Properties and Qualities

Drainage class: Well drained

Permeability: Moderately rapid

Available water capacity: Moderate or high

Seasonal high water table: None

Flooding: Rare

Shrink-swell potential: Low

Hazard of erosion: Slight

Slope class: Nearly level

Stoniness: Nonstony

Rockiness: Nonrocky

Natural fertility: Moderate

Reaction: In unlimed areas, very strongly acid to neutral in the upper part of the

profile and very strongly acid to moderately acid in the lower part

Organic matter content in the surface layer: Moderate

Surface runoff: Very low

Depth to bedrock: More than 65 inches

Inclusions

Limiting inclusions:

• Well drained Tioga soils on flood plains below the Chavies soil

• Excessively drained Potomac soils

• Poorly drained Holly soils

Nonlimiting inclusions:

• Well drained Allegheny soils

Use and Management

Uses: This map unit is used as cropland, hayland, or pasture (fig. 8).

Cropland

Suitability: Well suited
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

76

Management concerns: Slight hazard of erosion

Management considerations:

• Minimizing tillage, planting cover crops, and including grasses and legumes in the

cropping sequence help to increase the organic matter content and to maintain

fertility and tilth.

Pasture and Hayland

Suitability: Well suited

Management concerns: Slight hazard of erosion

Management considerations:

• Proper stocking rates, a rotation grazing system, and deferred grazing help to

maintain desirable grasses and legumes.

Woodland

Potential productivity: Moderately high

Management concerns: Plant competition

Management considerations:

• Applying herbicides or mechanically removing undesirable vegetation may be

necessary if woodland is reestablished.

Community Development

Suitability: Limited

Management concerns: Flooding and ground-water pollution

Management considerations:

• Areas that are not on the flood plain should be selected as sites for urban

development.

Interpretive Groups

Land capability classification: 1

Woodland ordination symbol: 4A

Figure 8.—Corn stubble in an area of Chavies fine sandy loam, along the Greenbrier River near

Caldwell. This soil is prime farmland.
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

77

CpB—Cookport loam, 3 to 8 percent slopes

Setting

Landscape position: Upland flats, mainly on Muddy Creek Mountain

Composition

Cookport soil: 80 percent

Inclusions: 20 percent

Typical Profile

Surface layer:

0 to 3 inches—dark grayish brown loam

Subsoil:

3 to 17 inches—brown and yellowish brown loam

17 to 22 inches—yellowish brown loam with brown and grayish brown redoximorphic

depletions and brownish yellow redoximorphic concentrations

22 to 42 inches—brown loam with grayish brown redoximorphic depletions and

brownish yellow redoximorphic concentrations in vertical streaks throughout the

horizon

Substratum:

42 to 49 inches—mixed yellowish brown, light yellowish brown, strong brown, and

light brownish gray loam

Bedrock:

49 inches—hard, gray sandstone

Soil Properties and Qualities

Drainage class: Moderately well drained

Permeability: Slow

Available water capacity: Moderate

Depth to the seasonal high water table: 1.5 to 2.5 feet

Flooding: None

Shrink-swell potential: Low

Hazard of erosion: Low

Slope class: Gently sloping

Stoniness: Nonstony

Rockiness: Nonrocky

Natural fertility: Low

Reaction: In unlimed areas, strongly acid to extremely acid

Organic matter content in the surface layer: Moderate

Surface runoff: Very high

Depth to bedrock: 40 to 60 inches

Bedrock type: Sandstone

Inclusions

Limiting inclusions:

• Soils that are less than 40 inches deep over bedrock

• Somewhat poorly drained and poorly drained soils

• Soils with slopes of more than 8 percent

Nonlimiting inclusions:

• Well drained Lily soils

• Well drained Dekalb soils
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

78

Use and Management

Uses: This map unit is used as cropland, hayland, pasture, or woodland.

Cropland

Suitability: Suited

Management concerns: Wetness

Management considerations:

• Applying a conservation tillage system, cultivating on the contour, applying a crop

rotation that includes hay, and returning crop residue to the soil help to control

erosion and to maintain fertility and tilth.

Pasture and Hayland

Suitability: Suited

Management concerns: Erosion, overgrazing, and compaction

Management considerations:

• Proper stocking rates, a rotation grazing system, and deferred grazing in the spring

until the soil is reasonably firm help to maintain grasses and legumes.

Woodland

Potential productivity: Moderately high

Management concerns: Wetness

Management considerations:

• The use of special, low ground pressure equipment during wet periods helps to

prevent compaction.

• Seeding roads, skid trails, and landings after they are no longer being used and

keeping the total miles of road to a minimum help to control erosion.

Community Development

Suitability: Suited

Management concerns: Wetness

Management considerations:

• Installing footer drains and properly designed footers, backfilling with porous

materials, or selecting a site in an area of the included well drained soils will help to

overcome the wetness.

Interpretive Groups

Land capability classification: 2e

Woodland ordination symbol: 4W

CuB—Culleoka loam, 3 to 8 percent slopes

Setting

Landscape position: Ridgetops and benches, west of the Greenbrier Valley

Composition

Culleoka soil: 90 percent

Inclusions: 10 percent

Typical Profile

Surface layer:

0 to 3 inches—very dark brown loam

Subsoil:

3 to 5 inches—brown channery loam

5 to 9 inches—yellowish brown channery loam

9 to 21 inches—strong brown channery silt loam
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

79

21 to 29 inches—strong brown channery silty clay loam

Substratum:

29 to 35 inches—yellowish brown extremely channery silt loam

Bedrock:

35 inches—olive siltstone

Soil Properties and Qualities

Drainage class: Well drained

Permeability: Moderate or moderately rapid

Available water capacity: Moderate or high

Seasonal high water table: None

Flooding: None

Shrink-swell potential: Low

Hazard of erosion: Moderate

Slope class: Gently sloping

Stoniness: Nonstony

Rockiness: Nonrocky

Natural fertility: Moderate or high

Reaction: In unlimed areas, strongly acid or moderately acid in the solum and

strongly acid in the substratum

Organic matter content in the surface layer: Moderate

Surface runoff: Medium

Depth to bedrock: 20 to 40 inches

Bedrock type: Siltstone

Inclusions

Limiting inclusions:

• Soils with more than 35 percent rock fragments in the control section

• Soils that are less than 20 inches deep over bedrock

• Soils with slopes of more than 8 percent

Nonlimiting inclusions:

• The redder Cateache soils

Use and Management

Uses: This map unit is used as cropland, hayland, pasture, or woodland.

Cropland

Suitability: Suited

Management concerns: Erosion

Management considerations:

• Applying a conservation tillage system, cultivating on the contour, applying a crop

rotation that includes hay, and returning crop residue to the soil help to control

erosion and to maintain fertility and tilth.

Pasture and Hayland

Suitability: Suited

Management concerns: Erosion

Management considerations:

• Proper stocking rates, a rotation grazing system, and deferred grazing in the spring

until the ground is reasonably firm help to control erosion and to maintain desirable

grasses and legumes.

Woodland

Potential productivity: Moderately high
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

80

Management concerns: Plant competition

Management considerations:

• Site preparation following harvest and establishment of the new forest for tree crop

production without delay reduce plant competition.

• The use of special, low ground pressure equipment when the soil is wet minimizes

damage to the soil.

• Seeding roads, skid trails, and log landings after they are no longer being used and

keeping the total mileage of roads and skid trails to a minimum will help to control

erosion.

Community Development

Suitability: Limited

Management concerns: Depth to bedrock, seepage, and low strength

Management considerations:

• The bedrock is usually soft and can be excavated using standard methods.

• Choosing areas of the deepest soils as building sites, building on the bedrock, and

landscaping with additional fill material help to overcome the depth to bedrock.

• Choosing areas of the deepest soils as sites for septic tank absorption fields,

installing the absorption field on the contour, and enlarging the absorption field help

to overcome the limitations affecting septic tank absorption fields.

• Providing suitable subgrade or base material helps to prevent the damage caused

by low strength.

Interpretive Groups

Land capability classification: 2e

Woodland ordination symbol: 4A

CuC—Culleoka loam, 8 to 15 percent slopes

Setting

Landscape position: Ridgetops and benches, west of the Greenbrier Valley

Composition

Culleoka soil: 85 percent

Inclusions: 15 percent

Typical Profile

Surface layer:

0 to 3 inches—very dark brown loam

Subsoil:

3 to 5 inches—brown channery loam

5 to 9 inches—yellowish brown channery loam

9 to 21 inches—strong brown channery silt loam

21 to 29 inches—strong brown channery silty clay loam

Substratum:

29 to 35 inches—yellowish brown extremely channery silt loam

Bedrock:

35 inches—olive siltstone

Soil Properties and Qualities

Drainage class: Well drained

Permeability: Moderate or moderately rapid
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

81

Available water capacity: Moderate or high

Seasonal high water table: None

Flooding: None

Shrink-swell potential: Low

Hazard of erosion: Moderate

Slope class: Strongly sloping

Stoniness: Nonstony

Rockiness: Nonrocky

Natural fertility: Moderate or high

Reaction: In unlimed areas, strongly acid or moderately acid in the solum and

strongly acid in the substratum

Organic matter content in the surface layer: Moderate

Surface runoff: Medium

Depth to bedrock: 20 to 40 inches

Bedrock type: Siltstone

Inclusions

Limiting inclusions:

• Soils with more than 35 percent rock fragments in the control section

• Soils that are less than 20 inches deep over bedrock

• Soils with slopes of more than 15 percent

Nonlimiting inclusions:

• The redder Cateache soils

• Soils with slopes of less than 8 percent

Use and Management

Uses: This map unit is used as cropland, hayland, pasture, or woodland.

Cropland

Suitability: Suited

Management concerns: Erosion

Management considerations:

• Applying a conservation tillage system, cultivating on the contour, applying a crop

rotation that includes hay, and returning crop residue to the soil help to control

erosion and to maintain fertility and tilth.

Pasture and Hayland

Suitability: Suited

Management concerns: Erosion

Management considerations:

• Proper stocking rates, a rotation grazing system, and deferred grazing in the spring

until the ground is reasonably firm help to control erosion and to maintain desirable

grasses and legumes.

Woodland

Potential productivity: Moderately high

Management concerns: Slope, erosion, and plant competition

Management considerations:

• Landings must be installed for equipment access.

• The hazard of erosion can be reduced by establishing roads and trails on a gentle

grade across the slope; controlling surface runoff with water bars; seeding roads,

skid trails, and log landings after they are no longer being used; and keeping the

total mileage of roads and trails to a minimum.

Community Development

Suitability: Limited
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

82

Management concerns: Depth to bedrock, seepage, slope, and low strength

Management considerations:

• The bedrock is usually soft and can be excavated using standard methods.

• Choosing areas of the deepest soils as building sites, building on the bedrock, and

landscaping with additional fill material help to overcome the depth to bedrock.

• Choosing areas of the deepest soils as sites for septic tank absorption fields,

installing the absorption field on the contour, and enlarging the absorption field help

to overcome the limitations affecting septic tank absorption fields.

• Providing suitable subgrade or base material helps to prevent the damage caused

by low strength.

Interpretive Groups

Land capability classification: 3e

Woodland ordination symbol: 4A

CuD—Culleoka loam, 15 to 25 percent slopes

Setting

Landscape position: Side slopes, ridgetops, and benches, west of the Greenbrier

Valley

Composition

Culleoka soil: 85 percent

Inclusions: 15 percent

Typical Profile

Surface layer:

0 to 3 inches—very dark brown loam

Subsoil:

3 to 5 inches—brown channery loam

5 to 9 inches—yellowish brown channery loam

9 to 21 inches—strong brown channery silt loam

21 to 29 inches—strong brown channery silty clay loam

Substratum:

29 to 35 inches—yellowish brown extremely channery silt loam

Bedrock:

35 inches—olive siltstone

Soil Properties and Qualities

Drainage class: Well drained

Permeability: Moderate or moderately rapid

Available water capacity: Moderate or high

Seasonal high water table: None

Flooding: None

Shrink-swell potential: Low

Hazard of erosion: Moderate

Slope class: Moderately steep

Stoniness: Nonstony

Rockiness: Nonrocky

Natural fertility: Moderate or high

Reaction: In unlimed areas, strongly acid or moderately acid in the solum and

strongly acid in the substratum
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

83

Organic matter content in the surface layer: Moderate

Surface runoff: High

Depth to bedrock: 20 to 40 inches

Bedrock type: Siltstone

Inclusions

Limiting inclusions:

• Soils with more than 35 percent rock fragments in the control section

• Soils that are less than 20 inches deep over bedrock

• Soils with slopes of less than 15 percent or more than 25 percent

Nonlimiting inclusions:

• The redder Cateache soils

Use and Management

Uses: This map unit is used as pasture or woodland.

Cropland

Suitability: Limited

Management concerns: Erosion

Management considerations:

• Applying a conservation tillage system, cultivating on the contour, applying a crop

rotation that includes hay, and returning crop residue to the soil help to control

erosion and to maintain fertility and tilth.

Pasture and Hayland

Suitability: Suited

Management concerns: Erosion

Management considerations:

• Proper stocking rates, a rotation grazing system, and deferred grazing in the spring

until the ground is reasonably firm help to control erosion and to maintain desirable

grasses and legumes.

Woodland

Potential productivity: Moderately high on north and south aspects

Management concerns: Slope, erosion, and plant competition

Management considerations:

• Landings must be installed for equipment access.

• The hazard of erosion can be reduced by establishing roads and trails on a gentle

grade across the slope; controlling surface runoff with water bars; seeding roads,

skid trails, and log landings after they are no longer being used; and keeping the

total mileage of roads and trails to a minimum.

Community Development

Suitability: Limited

Management concerns: Depth to bedrock and slope

Management considerations:

• The included soils that are less sloping and deeper to bedrock are better suited to

urban uses.

• The bedrock is usually soft and can be excavated using standard methods.

• Choosing areas of the deepest soils as building sites, building on the bedrock, and

landscaping with additional fill material help to overcome the depth to bedrock.

• Choosing areas of the deepest soils as sites for septic tank absorption fields,

installing the absorption field on the contour, and enlarging the absorption field help

to overcome the limitations affecting septic tank absorption fields.

• Providing suitable subgrade or base material helps to prevent the damage caused

by low strength.
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

84

Interpretive Groups

Land capability classification: 4e

Woodland ordination symbol: 4

CyE—Culleoka loam, 25 to 35 percent slopes, very

stony

Setting

Landscape position: Side slopes, west of the Greenbrier Valley

Composition

Culleoka soil: 80 percent

Inclusions: 20 percent

Typical Profile

Surface layer:

0 to 3 inches—very dark brown loam

Subsoil:

3 to 5 inches—brown channery loam

5 to 9 inches—yellowish brown channery loam

9 to 21 inches—strong brown channery silt loam

21 to 29 inches—strong brown channery silty clay loam

Substratum:

29 to 35 inches—yellowish brown extremely channery silt loam

Bedrock:

35 inches—olive siltstone

Soil Properties and Qualities

Drainage class: Well drained

Permeability: Moderate or moderately rapid

Available water capacity: Moderate or high

Seasonal high water table: None

Flooding: None

Shrink-swell potential: Low

Hazard of erosion: Moderate

Slope class: Steep

Stoniness: Very stony

Rockiness: Nonrocky

Natural fertility: Moderate or high

Reaction: In unlimed areas, strongly acid or moderately acid in the solum and

strongly acid in the substratum

Organic matter content in the surface layer: Moderate

Surface runoff: High

Depth to bedrock: 20 to 40 inches

Bedrock type: Siltstone

Inclusions

Limiting inclusions:

• Soils with more than 35 percent rock fragments in the control section

• Soils that are less than 20 inches deep over bedrock

• Soils with slopes of less than 25 percent or more than 35 percent
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

85

Nonlimiting inclusions:

• The redder Cateache soils

Use and Management

Uses: This map unit is used as pasture or woodland.

Cropland

Suitability: Unsuited

Management concerns: Erosion and slope

Management considerations:

• Applying a conservation tillage system, cultivating on the contour, applying a crop

rotation that includes hay, and returning crop residue to the soil help to control

erosion and to maintain fertility and tilth.

Pasture and Hayland

Suitability: Unsuited to hay; suited to pasture

Management concerns: Erosion and slope

Management considerations:

• Proper stocking rates, a rotation grazing system, and deferred grazing in the spring

until the ground is reasonably firm help to control erosion and to maintain desirable

grasses and legumes.

Woodland

Potential productivity: Moderately high

Management concerns: Slope, erosion, and plant competition

Management considerations:

• Landings must be installed for equipment access.

• The hazard of erosion can be reduced by constructing roads and trails on a gentle

grade across the slope; controlling surface runoff with water bars; seeding roads,

skid trails, and log landings after they are no longer being used; and keeping the

total mileage of roads and skid trails to a minimum.

Community Development

Suitability: Unsuited

Management concerns: Slope, depth to bedrock, and surface stones

Management considerations:

• The included soils that are less sloping and deeper to bedrock are better suited to

urban uses.

Interpretive Groups

Land capability classification: 6e

Woodland ordination symbol: 4R

CyF—Culleoka loam, 35 to 55 percent slopes, very

stony

Setting

Landscape position: Side slopes, west of the Greenbrier Valley

Composition

Culleoka soil: 75 percent

Inclusions: 25 percent

Typical Profile

Surface layer:

0 to 3 inches—very dark brown loam
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

86

Subsoil:

3 to 5 inches—brown channery loam

5 to 9 inches—yellowish brown channery loam

9 to 21 inches—strong brown channery silt loam

21 to 29 inches—strong brown channery silty clay loam

Substratum:

29 to 35 inches—yellowish brown extremely channery silt loam

Bedrock:

35 inches—olive siltstone

Soil Properties and Qualities

Drainage class: Well drained

Permeability: Moderate or moderately rapid

Available water capacity: Moderate or high

Seasonal high water table: None

Flooding: None

Shrink-swell potential: Low

Hazard of erosion: Moderate

Slope class: Steep or very steep

Stoniness: Very stony

Rockiness: Nonrocky

Natural fertility: Moderate or high

Reaction: In unlimed areas, strongly acid or moderately acid in the solum and

strongly acid in the substratum

Organic matter content in the surface layer: Moderate

Surface runoff: High

Depth to bedrock: 20 to 40 inches

Bedrock type: Siltstone

Inclusions

Limiting inclusions:

• Soils with more than 35 percent rock fragments in the control section

• Soils that are less than 20 inches deep over bedrock

• Soils that have slopes of less than 35 percent or more than 55 percent

Nonlimiting inclusions:

• The redder Cateache soils

Use and Management

Uses: This map unit is used as pasture or woodland.

Cropland

Suitability: Unsuited

Management concerns: Very severe hazard of erosion and slope

Pasture and Hayland

Suitability: Unsuited to hay; poorly suited for pasture

Management concerns: Erosion and slope

Management considerations:

• Proper stocking rates, a rotation grazing system, and deferred grazing in the spring

until the ground is reasonably firm help to control erosion and to maintain desirable

grasses and legumes.

Woodland

Potential productivity: Moderately high on north and south aspects
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

87

Management concerns: Erosion and plant competition

Management considerations:

• Landings must be installed for equipment access.

• The hazard of erosion can be reduced by constructing roads and trails on a gentle

grade across the slope; controlling surface runoff with water bars; seeding roads,

skid trails, and log landings after they are no longer being used; and keeping the

total mileage of roads and skid trails to a minimum.

Community Development

Suitability: Unsuited

Management concerns: Slope, depth to bedrock, and surface stones

Interpretive Groups

Land capability classification: 7e

Woodland ordination symbol: 4R

DeC—Dekalb channery sandy loam, 3 to 15 percent

slopes, very stony

Setting

Landscape position: Ridgetops and benches, mainly west of the Greenbrier River

Note: Stones cover 0.1 to 3 percent of the surface

Composition

Dekalb soil: 75 percent

Inclusions: 25 percent

Typical Profile

Surface layer:

0 to 2 inches—very dark brown channery sandy loam

Subsurface layer:

2 to 4 inches—brown channery sandy loam

Subsoil:

4 to 8 inches—yellowish brown very channery loam

8 to 15 inches—brownish yellow very channery loam

15 to 23 inches—yellowish brown very channery sandy loam

Substratum:

23 to 34 inches—strong brown extremely channery sandy loam

Bedrock:

34 inches—fractured, gray, medium grained sandstone

Soil Properties and Qualities

Drainage class: Well drained

Permeability: Rapid

Available water capacity: Very low to moderate

Seasonal high water table: None

Flooding: None

Shrink-swell potential: Low

Hazard of erosion: Moderate or severe

Slope class: Gently sloping or strongly sloping

Stoniness: Very stony
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

88

Rockiness: Nonrocky

Natural fertility: Low

Reaction: In unlimed areas, extremely acid to strongly acid

Organic matter content in the surface layer: Low to medium

Surface runoff: Low

Depth to bedrock: 20 to 40 inches

Bedrock type: Sandstone

Inclusions

Limiting inclusions:

• Soils that have stones covering more than 3 percent of the surface

• Soils with slopes of more than 15 percent

Nonlimiting inclusions:

• Well drained Lily soils

• Well drained Berks soils

Use and Management

Uses: This map unit is used as woodland or pasture.

Cropland

Suitability: Unsuited

Management concerns: Stoniness and erosion

Pasture and Hayland

Suitability: Unsuited to hay; suited to pasture

Management concerns: Erosion and overgrazing

Management considerations:

• Proper stocking rates help to maintain desirable grasses and legumes.

• A rotation grazing system helps to prevent overgrazing.

Woodland

Potential productivity: Moderate

Management concerns: Erosion

Management considerations:

• Roads should not be used during wet periods unless they have been strengthened

with gravel because rut formation is a hazard.

• Maintaining streamside filter strips, installing water bars, and revegetating disturbed

areas after they are no longer being used help to control erosion.

Community Development

Suitability: Limited

Management concerns: Stoniness, depth to bedrock, slope, and erosion

Management considerations:

• Building above the bedrock, landscaping with additional fill material, and designing

dwellings so that they conform to the setting and to the natural slope of the land

help to overcome the depth to bedrock and slope.

• Revegetating during or soon after construction helps to control erosion.

• Increasing the size of lots so that they include areas of more favorable soils,

enlarging the size of the absorption field, or installing an alternate system helps to

overcome the limited depth to bedrock on sites for septic tank absorption fields.

• The included soils that are deeper to bedrock and have fewer stones on the surface

are better suited to urban uses.

Interpretive Groups

Land capability classification: 6s

Woodland ordination symbol: 3F
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

89

DeE—Dekalb channery sandy loam, 15 to 35 percent

slopes, very stony

Setting

Landscape position: Benches and side slopes, mainly west of the Greenbrier River

Note: Stones cover 0.1 to 3 percent of the surface

Composition

Dekalb soil: 75 percent

Inclusions: 25 percent

Typical Profile

Surface layer:

0 to 2 inches—very dark brown channery sandy loam

Subsurface layer:

2 to 4 inches—brown channery sandy loam

Subsoil:

4 to 8 inches—yellowish brown very channery loam

8 to 15 inches—brownish yellow very channery loam

15 to 23 inches—yellowish brown very channery sandy loam

Substratum:

23 to 34 inches—strong brown extremely channery sandy loam

Bedrock:

34 inches—fractured, gray, medium grained sandstone

Soil Properties and Qualities

Drainage class: Well drained

Permeability: Rapid

Available water capacity: Very low to moderate

Seasonal high water table: None

Flooding: None

Shrink-swell potential: Low

Hazard of erosion: Very severe

Slope class: Moderately steep or steep

Stoniness: Very stony

Rockiness: Nonrocky

Natural fertility: Low

Reaction: In unlimed areas, extremely acid to strongly acid

Organic matter content in the surface layer: Low to medium

Surface runoff: Medium

Depth to bedrock: 20 to 40 inches

Bedrock type: Sandstone

Inclusions

Limiting inclusions:

• Soils that have stones covering more than 3 percent of the surface

• Soils with slopes of more than 35 percent

Nonlimiting inclusions:

• Well drained Lily soils

• Well drained Berks soils

• Soils with slopes of less than 15 percent
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

90

Use and Management

Uses: This map unit is used for woodland or pasture.

Cropland

Suitability: Unsuited

Management concerns: Slope, stoniness, and erosion

Pasture and Hayland

Suitability: Unsuited to hay; limited for pasture

Management concerns: Erosion, slope, and overgrazing

Management considerations:

• Proper stocking rates help to maintain desirable grasses and legumes.

• A rotation grazing system helps to prevent overgrazing.

Woodland

Potential productivity: Moderate on north and south aspects

Management concerns: Slope and erosion

Management considerations:

• Excavation of sites for haul roads, major skid roads, and landings helps to

overcome the slope.

• Where feasible, landings should be located in areas of the less sloping inclusions.

• Roads should not be used during wet periods unless they have been strengthened

with gravel because rut formation is a hazard.

• The hazard of erosion can be reduced by maintaining streamside filter strips;

controlling surface runoff through the use of ditches, dips, or water bars; and

revegetating disturbed areas after they are no longer being used.

• Establishing haul roads and major skid trails on a gentle grade across the slope

helps to control erosion.

Community Development

Suitability: Unsuited

Management concerns: Stoniness, depth to bedrock, slope, and erosion

Management considerations:

• Included soils that are less sloping, deeper to bedrock, and have fewer stones on

the surface are better suited to urban uses.

Interpretive Groups

Land capability classification: 7s

Woodland ordination symbol: 3F on north aspects and 2F on south aspects

DeF—Dekalb channery sandy loam, 35 to 55 percent

slopes, very stony

Setting

Landscape position: Side slopes, mainly west of the Greenbrier River

Note: Stones cover 0.1 to 3 percent of the surface

Composition

Dekalb soil: 75 percent

Inclusions: 25 percent

Typical Profile

Surface layer:

0 to 2 inches—very dark brown channery sandy loam
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

91

Subsurface layer:

2 to 4 inches—brown channery sandy loam

Subsoil:

4 to 8 inches—yellowish brown very channery loam

8 to 15 inches—brownish yellow very channery loam

15 to 23 inches—yellowish brown very channery sandy loam

Substratum:

23 to 34 inches—strong brown extremely channery sandy loam

Bedrock:

34 inches—fractured, gray, medium grained sandstone

Soil Properties and Qualities

Drainage class: Well drained

Permeability: Rapid

Available water capacity: Very low to moderate

Seasonal high water table: None

Flooding: None

Shrink-swell potential: Low

Hazard of erosion: Very severe

Slope class: Steep or very steep

Stoniness: Very stony

Rockiness: Nonrocky

Natural fertility: Low

Reaction: In unlimed areas, extremely acid to strongly acid

Organic matter content in the surface layer: Low to medium

Surface runoff: Medium

Depth to bedrock: 20 to 40 inches

Bedrock type: Sandstone

Inclusions

Limiting inclusions:

• Soils that have stones covering more than 3 percent of the surface

• Soils with slopes of more than 55 percent

Nonlimiting inclusions:

• Well drained Lily soils

• Well drained Berks soils

• The well drained Macove soils in colluvial positions

• Soils with slopes of less than 35 percent

Use and Management

Uses: This map unit is used for woodland or pasture.

Cropland

Suitability: Unsuited

Management concerns: Slope, stoniness, and erosion

Pasture and Hayland

Suitability: Unsuited to hay; limited for pasture

Management concerns: Erosion, slope, and overgrazing

Management considerations:

• Proper stocking rates help to maintain desirable grasses and legumes.

• A rotation grazing system helps prevent overgrazing.
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Woodland

Potential productivity: Moderate on north and south aspects

Management concerns: Slope and erosion

Management considerations:

• Excavation of sites for haul roads, major skid roads, and landings helps to

overcome the slope.

• Where feasible, landings should be located in areas of the less sloping

inclusions.

• Roads should not be used during wet periods unless they have been strengthened

with gravel because rut formation is a hazard.

• The hazard of erosion can be reduced by maintaining streamside filter strips;

controlling surface runoff on roads, trails, and landings through the use of ditches,

dips, or water bars; and revegetating bare areas.

• Establishing haul roads and major skid trails on a gentle grade across the slope

helps to control erosion.

• Specialized equipment, such as that used in cable yarding, should be used when

timber is harvested.

Community Development

Suitability: Unsuited

Management concerns: Stoniness, depth to bedrock, slope, and erosion

Management considerations:

• A suitable alternative site should be selected.

Interpretive Groups

Land capability classification: 7s

Woodland ordination symbol: 3R on north aspects, 2R on south aspects

DhC—Dekalb-Hazleton complex, 3 to 15 percent slopes,

very stony

Setting

Landscape position: Benches and ridgetops

Composition

Dekalb soil: 55 percent

Hazleton soil: 35 percent

Inclusions: 10 percent

Typical Profile

Dekalb

Surface layer:

0 to 1 inch—forest litter

1 to 2 inches—very dark brown channery sandy loam

Subsurface layer:

2 to 4 inches—brown channery sandy loam

Subsoil:

4 to 8 inches—yellowish brown very channery loam

8 to 15 inches—brownish yellow very channery loam

15 to 23 inches—yellowish brown very channery sandy loam

Substratum:

23 to 34 inches—strong brown extremely channery sandy loam
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

93

Bedrock:

34 inches—fractured, gray, medium grained sandstone

Hazleton

Surface layer:

0 to 2 inches—forest litter

2 to 3 inches—black channery loam

Subsurface layer:

3 to 4 inches—dark brown channery loam

Subsoil:

4 to 7 inches—dark yellowish brown channery loam

7 to 13 inches—yellowish brown channery fine sandy loam

13 to 20 inches—yellowish brown very channery sandy loam

20 to 32 inches—yellowish brown very channery sandy loam

Substratum:

32 to 52 inches—strong brown extremely channery sandy loam

Bedrock:

52 inches—yellowish brown, massive sandstone

Soil Properties and Qualities

Drainage class: Well drained

Permeability: Dekalb—rapid; Hazleton—moderately rapid or rapid

Available water capacity: Dekalb—very low to moderate; Hazleton—low or moderate

Seasonal high water table: None

Flooding: None

Shrink-swell potential: Low

Erosion hazard Moderate or severe

Slope class: Strongly sloping or gently sloping

Stoniness: Very stony

Rockiness: Nonrocky

Natural fertility: Low

Reaction: In unlimed areas, extremely acid to strongly acid

Organic matter content of the surface layer: Moderate

Surface runoff: Low

Depth to bedrock: Dekalb—20 to 40 inches; Hazleton—40 to 60 inches

Bedrock type: Sandstone

Inclusions

Limiting inclusions:

• Soils with slopes of more than 15 percent

Nonlimiting inclusions:

• Well drained Berks soils

• Soils with no stones on the surface

Use and Management

Uses: Most areas of this unit are wooded.

Cropland

Suitability: Unsuited

Management concerns: Stoniness and erosion

Pasture and Hayland

Suitability: Unsuited to hay; suited to pasture
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

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Management concerns: Stoniness, erosion, and overgrazing

Management considerations:

• Proper stocking rates that help to maintain desirable grasses and legumes and a

rotation grazing system are major pasture management needs.

Woodland

Potential productivity: Dekalb—moderate; Hazleton—moderately high

Management concerns: Erosion

Management considerations:

• Maintaining streamside filter strips, installing water bars, and revegetating disturbed

areas after they are no longer being used help to control erosion.

Community Development

Suitability: Limited

Management concerns: Stones, erosion, depth to bedrock, and slope

Management considerations:

• Building above the bedrock, landscaping with additional fill material, and designing

dwellings so that they conform to the setting and to the natural slope of the land

help to overcome the limitations on sites for dwellings with and without basements.

• Revegetating during or soon after construction reduces the hazard of erosion.

• Increasing the size of lots so that they include areas of more favorable soils or

installing an alternate system helps to overcome the limited depth to bedrock, the

hazard of seepage, and a poor filtering capacity on sites for sanitary facilities.

• Constructing roads in areas where the soils are deeper to bedrock and have fewer

stones on the surface and providing coarser grained subgrade or base material to

frost depth help to overcome the depth to bedrock and the large stones and to

prevent the damage caused by frost action on sites for local roads and streets.

Interpretive Groups

Land capability classification: 6s

Woodland ordination symbol: Dekalb—3F; Hazleton—4F

DhE—Dekalb-Hazleton complex, 15 to 35 percent slopes,

very stony

Setting

Landscape position: Side slopes, benches, and ridgetops

Composition

Dekalb soil: 55 percent

Hazleton soil: 35 percent

Inclusions: 10 percent

Typical Profile

Dekalb

Surface layer:

0 to 1 inch—forest litter

1 to 2 inches—very dark brown channery sandy loam

Subsurface layer:

2 to 4 inches—brown channery sandy loam

Subsoil:

4 to 8 inches—yellowish brown very channery loam

8 to 15 inches—brownish yellow very channery loam
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

95

15 to 23 inches—yellowish brown very channery sandy loam

Substratum:

23 to 34 inches—strong brown extremely channery sandy loam

Bedrock:

34 inches—fractured, gray, medium grained sandstone

Hazleton

Surface layer:

0 to 2 inches—forest litter

2 to 3 inches—black channery loam

Subsurface layer:

3 to 4 inches—dark brown channery loam

Subsoil:

4 to 7 inches—dark yellowish brown channery loam

7 to 13 inches—yellowish brown channery fine sandy loam

13 to 20 inches—yellowish brown very channery sandy loam

20 to 32 inches—yellowish brown very channery sandy loam

Substratum:

32 to 52 inches—strong brown extremely channery sandy loam

Bedrock:

52 inches—yellowish brown, massive sandstone

Soil Properties and Qualities

Drainage class: Well drained

Permeability: Dekalb—rapid; Hazleton—moderately rapid or rapid

Available water capacity: Dekalb—very low to moderate; Hazleton—low or moderate

Seasonal high water table: None

Flooding: None

Shrink-swell potential: Low

Hazard of erosion: Very severe

Slope class: Moderately steep or steep

Stoniness: Very stony

Rockiness: Nonrocky

Natural fertility: Low

Reaction: In unlimed areas, extremely acid to strongly acid

Organic matter content of the surface layer: Moderate

Surface runoff: Medium

Depth to bedrock: Dekalb—20 to 40 inches; Hazleton—40 to 60 inches

Bedrock type: Sandstone

Inclusions

Limiting inclusions:

• Soils with slopes of more than 35 percent

Nonlimiting inclusions:

• Well drained Berks soils

• Well drained Elliber soils

• Soils with slopes of less than 15 percent

• Soils with no stones on the surface

Use and Management

Uses: Most areas of this unit are wooded.
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

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Cropland

Suitability: Unsuited

Management concerns: Stoniness, slope, and erosion

Pasture and Hayland

Suitability: Unsuited to hay; limited for pasture

Management concerns: Stoniness, slope, erosion, and overgrazing

Management considerations:

• Proper stocking rates that help to maintain desirable grasses and legumes and a

rotation grazing system are major pasture management needs.

Woodland

Potential productivity: Dekalb—moderate on north and south aspects; Hazleton—

moderate on south aspects and moderately high on north aspects

Management concerns: Erosion, slope, and soil strength

Management considerations:

• The hazard of erosion can be reduced by maintaining streamside filter strips;

controlling surface runoff on roads and landings through the use of ditches, dips, or

water bars; seeding bare areas; and constructing haul roads and major skid roads

on a gentle grade across the slope.

• Roads should not be used during wet periods unless they have been strengthened

with gravel because rut formation is a hazard.

Community Development

Suitability: Limited

Management concerns: Stones, erosion, depth to bedrock, and slope

Management considerations:

• Building above the bedrock, landscaping with additional fill material, and designing

dwellings so that they conform to the setting and to the natural slope of the land

help to overcome the limitations on sites for dwellings with and without basements.

• Revegetating during or soon after construction reduces the hazard of erosion.

• Increasing the size of lots so that they include areas of more favorable soils or

installing an alternate system helps to overcome the limited depth to bedrock, the

hazard of seepage, and a poor filtering capacity on sites for sanitary facilities.

• Constructing roads in areas where the soils are deeper to bedrock and have fewer

stones on the surface and providing coarser grained subgrade or base material to

frost depth help to overcome the depth to bedrock and the large stones and to

prevent the damage caused by frost action on sites for local roads and streets.

Interpretive Groups

Land capability classification: 7s

Woodland ordination symbol: Dekalb—3F on north aspects and 2F on south aspects;

Hazleton—4F on north aspects and 3F on south aspects

DhF—Dekalb-Hazleton complex, 35 to 55 percent slopes,

very stony

Setting

Landscape position: Side slopes

Composition

Dekalb soil: 55 percent

Hazleton soil: 35 percent

Inclusions: 10 percent
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

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Typical Profile

Dekalb

Surface layer:

0 to 1 inch—forest litter

1 to 2 inches—very dark brown channery sandy loam

Subsurface layer:

2 to 4 inches—brown channery sandy loam

Subsoil:

4 to 8 inches—yellowish brown very channery loam

8 to 15 inches—brownish yellow very channery loam

15 to 23 inches—yellowish brown very channery sandy loam

Substratum:

23 to 34 inches—strong brown extremely channery sandy loam

Bedrock:

34 inches—fractured, gray, medium grained sandstone

Hazleton

Surface layer:

0 to 2 inches—forest litter

2 to 3 inches—black channery loam

Subsurface layer:

3 to 4 inches—dark brown channery loam

Subsoil:

4 to 7 inches—dark yellowish brown channery loam

7 to 13 inches—yellowish brown channery fine sandy loam

13 to 20 inches—yellowish brown very channery sandy loam

20 to 32 inches—yellowish brown very channery sandy loam

Substratum:

32 to 52 inches—strong brown extremely channery sandy loam

Bedrock:

52 inches—yellowish brown, massive sandstone

Soil Properties and Qualities

Drainage class: Well drained

Permeability: Dekalb—rapid; Hazleton—moderately rapid or rapid

Available water capacity: Dekalb—very low to moderate; Hazleton—low or

moderate

Seasonal high water table: None

Flooding: None

Shrink-swell potential: Low

Hazard of erosion: Very severe

Slope class: Steep or very steep

Stoniness: Very stony

Rockiness: Nonrocky

Natural fertility: Low

Reaction: In unlimed areas, extremely acid to strongly acid

Organic matter content of the surface layer: Moderate

Surface runoff: Medium

Depth to bedrock: Dekalb—20 to 40 inches; Hazleton—40 to 60 inches

Bedrock type: Sandstone
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

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Inclusions

Limiting inclusions:

• Soils with slopes of more than 55 percent

Nonlimiting inclusions:

• Well drained Berks soils

• Well drained Elliber soils

• Soils with slopes of less than 35 percent

• Soils with no stones on the surface

Use and Management

Uses: Most areas of this unit are wooded.

Cropland

Suitability: Unsuited

Management concerns: Stoniness, slope, and erosion

Pasture and Hayland

Suitability: Unsuited to hay; limited for pasture

Management concerns: Stoniness, slope, erosion, and overgrazing

Management considerations:

• Proper stocking rates that help to maintain desirable grasses and legumes and a

rotation grazing system are major pasture management needs.

Woodland

Potential productivity: Dekalb—moderate on north and south aspects; Hazleton—

moderately high on north aspects and moderate on south aspects

Management concerns: Erosion, slope, and soil strength

Management considerations:

• The hazard of erosion can be reduced by maintaining streamside filter strips;

controlling surface runoff on roads, trails, and landings through the use of ditches,

dips, or water bars; seeding bare areas; and constructing haul roads and major skid

roads on a gentle grade across the slope.

• Roads should not be used during wet periods unless they have been strengthened

with gravel because rut formation is a hazard.

Community Development

Suitability: Limited

Management concerns: Stones, erosion, depth to bedrock, and slope

Management considerations:

• The included soils that are less sloping, deeper to bedrock, and have fewer stones

on the surface are better suited to urban development.

Interpretive Groups

Land capability classification: 7s

Woodland ordination symbol: Dekalb—3F on north aspects and 2F on south aspects;

Hazleton—4F on north aspects and 3F on south aspects

DkF—Dekalb-Rock outcrop complex, 35 to 80 percent

slopes, extremely stony

Setting

Landscape position: Side slopes, adjacent to the Greenbrier River
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

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Composition

Dekalb soil: 45 percent

Rock outcrop: 40 percent

Inclusions: 15 percent

Typical Profile

Dekalb

Surface layer:

0 to 2 inches—very dark brown channery sandy loam

Subsurface layer:

2 to 4 inches—brown channery sandy loam

Subsoil:

4 to 8 inches—yellowish brown very channery loam

8 to 15 inches—brownish yellow very channery loam

15 to 23 inches—yellowish brown very channery sandy loam

Substratum:

23 to 34 inches—strong brown extremely channery sandy loam

Bedrock:

34 inches—fractured, gray, medium grained sandstone

Rock outcrop

The Rock outcrop occurs as areas of exposed bedrock.

Soil Properties and Qualities

Drainage class: Well drained

Permeability: Rapid

Available water capacity: Very low to moderate

Seasonal high water table: None

Flooding: None

Shrink-swell potential: Low

Hazard of erosion: High or very high

Slope class: Very steep or extremely steep

Stoniness: Extremely stony

Rockiness: Extremely rocky

Natural fertility: Low

Reaction: In unlimed areas, extremely acid to strongly acid

Organic matter content in the surface layer: Low to medium

Surface runoff: Dekalb—medium; Rock outcrop—very high

Depth to bedrock: 20 to 40 inches

Bedrock type: Sandstone

Inclusions

Limiting inclusions:

• Soils with slopes of more than 80 percent

Nonlimiting inclusions:

• Well drained Lily soils on ridgetops

• Well drained Macove soils at the base of slopes

Use and Management

Uses: This map unit is used as woodland.
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

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Cropland

Suitability: Unsuited

Management concerns: Slope, erosion, and rock outcrop

Pasture and Hayland

Suitability: Unsuited

Management concerns: Slope, erosion, and rock outcrop

Woodland

Potential productivity: Low on north and south aspects

Management concerns: Rock outcrop, slope, and erosion

Management considerations:

• Specialized equipment, such as that used in cable yarding, should be used when

timber is harvested.

Community Development

Suitability: Unsuited

Management concerns: Slope, rock outcrop, depth to bedrock, and stones

Interpretive Groups

Land capability classification: Dekalb—7s; Rock outcrop—8s

Woodland ordination symbol: Dekalb—3R on north aspects and 2R on south aspects;

Rock outcrop—not assigned

Du—Dunning silty clay loam, karst

Setting

Landscape position: Depressions, in the central part of the county

Composition

Dunning soil: 85 percent

Inclusions: 15 percent

Typical Profile

Surface layer:

0 to 10 inches—black silty clay loam with yellowish red mottles

Subsoil:

10 to 20 inches—very dark gray silty clay loam with yellowish red mottles

20 to 28 inches—gray clay with yellowish brown mottles and black coatings

28 to 38 inches—gray clay with yellowish brown mottles

Substratum:

38 to 46 inches—gray clay with strong brown mottles

46 to 65 inches—gray clay with light olive brown mottles

Bedrock:

65 inches—hard limestone

Soil Properties and Qualities

Drainage class: Poorly drained

Permeability: Slow

Available water capacity: High

Seasonal high water table: Within a depth of 1 foot

Flooding: Occasional

Shrink-swell potential: Moderate

Hazard of erosion: Slight
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101

Slope class: Nearly level

Stoniness: Nonstony

Rockiness: Nonrocky

Natural fertility: Moderate

Reaction: In unlimed areas, moderately acid to slightly alkaline

Organic matter content in the surface layer: Moderate

Surface runoff: Negligible

Depth to bedrock: More than 60 inches

Bedrock type: Limestone

Inclusions

Limiting inclusions:

• Very poorly drained soils

Nonlimiting inclusions:

• Moderately well drained soils in similar landscape positions

• Somewhat poorly drained soils in similar landscape positions

Use and Management

Uses: Most areas of this map unit have been cleared. These areas are used for

pasture or hay.

Cropland

Suitability: Suited

Management concerns: Wetness

Management considerations:

• A drainage system is needed in areas used for cultivated crops, hay, or pasture.

• Minimizing tillage, applying a crop rotation that includes hay, delaying tillage until

the soil is reasonably dry, and returning crop residue to the soil help to maintain

fertility and tilth in cultivated areas.

Pasture and Hayland

Suitability: Suited to hay and pasture plants that tolerate wetness

Management concerns: Overgrazing

Management considerations:

• Proper stocking rates, a rotation grazing system, and deferment of grazing until the

soil is firm are major pasture management needs.

Woodland

Potential productivity: High

Management concerns: Equipment limitation, seedling mortality, and plant

competition

Management considerations:

• Delaying harvesting activities until the soil is firm reduces the equipment limitation.

• Planting water-tolerant trees will reduce the seedling mortality rate.

• Conducting site preparation following harvest and establishing a new forest for tree

crop production without delay reduce plant competition.

Community Development

Suitability: Limited

Management concerns: Wetness

Management considerations:

• A drainage system helps to overcome the wetness.

Interpretive Groups

Land capability classification: 3w

Woodland ordination symbol: 6W
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

102

ElF—Elliber extremely channery silt loam, 35 to

55 percent slopes

Setting

Landscape position: Side slopes

Composition

Elliber soil: 80 percent

Inclusions: 20 percent

Typical Profile

Surface layer:

0 to 2 inches—forest litter

2 to 4 inches—very dark grayish brown extremely channery silt loam

Subsoil:

4 to 7 inches—yellowish brown extremely channery silt loam

7 to 12 inches—yellowish brown very channery loam

12 to 25 inches—yellowish brown extremely channery loam

25 to 32 inches—yellowish brown very channery loam

32 to 37 inches—yellowish brown very channery silt loam

37 to 50 inches—yellowish brown very channery loam

50 to 67 inches—yellowish brown very channery clay loam

Soil Properties and Qualities

Drainage class: Well drained

Permeability: Moderate or moderately rapid

Available water capacity: Moderate

Seasonal high water table: None

Flooding: None

Shrink-swell potential: Low

Hazard of erosion: Very severe

Slope class: Steep or very steep

Stoniness: Nonstony

Rockiness: Nonrocky

Natural fertility: Low or moderate

Reaction: In unlimed areas, extremely acid to strongly acid

Organic matter content in the surface layer: Moderate

Surface runoff: Medium

Depth to bedrock: More than 60 inches

Inclusions

Limiting inclusions:

• Moderately deep Dekalb soils

• Deep Hazleton soils

• Soils with slopes of more than 55 percent

Nonlimiting inclusions:

• Very deep Mertz soils

• Soils with slopes of less than 35 percent

Use and Management

Uses: Most areas of this map unit are wooded.
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

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Cropland

Suitability: Unsuited

Management concerns: Slope and erosion

Pasture and Hayland

Suitability: Unsuited to hay; limited for pasture

Management concerns: Slope, erosion, and overgrazing

Management considerations:

• Proper stocking rates that help to maintain desirable grasses and legumes and a

rotation grazing system are major pasture management needs.

Woodland

Potential productivity: Moderately high

Management concerns: Plant competition, low natural fertility, droughtiness, slope,

and erosion

Management considerations:

• Harvesting so that a portion of the overstory is retained and applying herbicides

reduce plant competition.

• Haul roads, skid trails, and log landings must be installed for equipment access.

• Establishing roads and trails on a gentle grade across the slope, controlling surface

runoff, seeding roads and trails after they are no longer being used, keeping the

total mileage of roads and trails to a minimum, and establishing a plant cover in

disturbed areas help to control erosion.

• Logging roads constructed in areas of this map unit would be of high quality

because chert fragments are readily available and could be used as the road base.

Community Development

Suitability: Limited

Management concerns: Slope

Management considerations:

• The included, less sloping Mertz soils are better suited to urban development.

Interpretive Groups

Land capability classification: 7s

Woodland ordination symbol: 4R

ErB—Ernest silt loam, 3 to 8 percent slopes

Setting

Landscape position: Footslopes, benches, and alluvial fans, in the eastern part of the

survey area

Composition

Ernest soil: 80 percent

Inclusions: 20 percent

Typical Profile

Surface layer:

0 to 2 inches—leaf litter

2 to 4 inches—very dark gray silt loam

Subsoil:

4 to 10 inches—brown silt loam

10 to 16 inches—yellowish brown channery silt loam
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

104

16 to 23 inches—yellowish brown channery silty clay loam

23 to 28 inches—yellowish brown channery silty clay loam with light brownish gray

redoximorphic depletions and strong brown redoximorphic concentrations

28 to 44 inches—light brownish gray and strong brown channery silt loam

Substratum:

44 to 52 inches or more—light brownish gray and strong brown channery silt loam

Soil Properties and Qualities

Drainage class: Moderately well drained

Permeability: Moderately slow or slow

Available water capacity: Moderate or high

Depth to the seasonal high water table: 1.5 to 3.0 feet

Flooding: None

Shrink-swell potential: Low

Hazard of erosion: Moderate

Slope class: Gently sloping

Stoniness: Nonstony

Rockiness: Nonrocky

Natural fertility: Moderate

Reaction: In unlimed areas, very strongly acid or strongly acid

Organic matter content in the surface layer: Moderate

Surface runoff: Medium

Depth to bedrock: More than 60 inches

Inclusions

Limiting inclusions:

• Berks soils

• Weikert soils

• Soils with slopes of more than 8 percent

Nonlimiting inclusions:

• Allegheny soils

• Macove soils

Use and Management

Uses: Most areas of this unit are used for cultivated crops or hay. A few small areas

are used as pasture or woodland.

Cropland

Suitability: Suited

Management concerns: Erosion and fertility and tilth

Management considerations:

• Applying a conservation tillage system, cultivating on the contour, applying a crop

rotation that includes hay, and returning crop residue to the soil help to control

erosion and to maintain fertility and tilth in cultivated areas.

Pasture and Hayland

Suitability: Suited

Management concerns: Erosion and overgrazing

Management considerations:

• Proper stocking rates, a rotation grazing system, and deferment of grazing in the

spring until the soil is reasonably firm help to maintain desirable grasses and

legumes.

Woodland

Potential productivity: Moderately high
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

105

Management concerns: Erosion on roads, skid trails, and log landings and plant

competition

Management considerations:

• The hazard of erosion can be reduced by establishing roads and trails on the

contour; controlling surface runoff; seeding roads, trails, and landings after they are

no longer being used; keeping the total mileage of roads and trails to a minimum;

and seeding and mulching bare areas.

• Site preparation following harvest and establishment of the new forest for tree crop

production without delay reduce plant competition.

Community Development

Suitability: Limited

Management concerns: Wetness

Management considerations:

• Installing a drainage system around septic tank absorption fields and constructing

diversions that intercept water from upslope areas help to overcome the wetness.

• A better suited soil should be selected as a site for dwellings with or without

basements; however, if dwellings are built in areas of this unit, the higher areas of

the map unit should be selected as the building sites, the landscape should be

shaped so that water moves away from the structures, and tile drains should be

installed by footings.

• Providing suitable base material or applying other suitable construction techniques

helps to prevent the damage caused by low strength.

Interpretive Groups

Land capability classification: 2e

Woodland ordination symbol: 4W

EsC—Ernest silt loam, 3 to 15 percent slopes, extremely

stony

Setting

Landscape position: Footslopes, benches, and alluvial fans, in the western part of the

survey area

Composition

Ernest soil: 75 percent

Inclusions: 25 percent

Typical Profile

Surface layer:

0 to 2 inches—leaf litter

2 to 4 inches—very dark gray silt loam

Subsoil:

4 to 10 inches—brown silt loam

10 to 16 inches—yellowish brown channery silt loam

16 to 23 inches—yellowish brown channery silty clay loam

23 to 28 inches—yellowish brown channery silty clay loam with light brownish gray

redoximorphic depletions and strong brown redoximorphic concentrations

28 to 44 inches—light brownish gray and strong brown channery silt loam

Substratum:

44 to 52 inches or more—light brownish gray and strong brown channery silt loam
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

106

Soil Properties and Qualities

Drainage class: Moderately well drained

Permeability: Moderately slow or slow

Available water capacity: Moderate or high

Depth to the seasonal high water table: 1.5 to 3.0 feet

Flooding: None

Shrink-swell potential: Low

Hazard of erosion: Moderate

Slope class: Strongly sloping or gently sloping

Stoniness: Extremely stony

Rockiness: Nonrocky

Natural fertility: Moderate

Reaction: In unlimed areas, very strongly acid or strongly acid

Organic matter content in the surface layer: Moderate

Surface runoff: Medium

Depth to bedrock: More than 60 inches

Inclusions

Limiting inclusions:

• Poorly drained and somewhat poorly drained soils

• Soils with slopes of more than 15 percent

• Soils with more than 15 percent rock fragments

Nonlimiting inclusions:

• Ernest soils that have a thick, dark surface layer

• Deep and very deep, well drained soils

• Macove soils

• Shouns soils

Use and Management

Uses: Most areas of this unit are used as woodland.

Cropland

Suitability: Unsuited

Management concerns: Erosion, stoniness, and slope

Management considerations:

• Stoniness and slope restrict the use of most types of farm machinery.

Pasture and Hayland

Suitability: Unsuited to hay; limited for pasture

Management concerns: Hayland—stoniness and slope; pasture—erosion and

overgrazing

Management considerations:

• Proper stocking rates and a rotation grazing system help to maintain desirable

grasses and legumes in pastured areas.

Woodland

Potential productivity: Moderately high

Management concerns: Erosion on roads, skid trails, and log landings and plant

competition

Management considerations:

• The hazard of erosion can be reduced by building roads and trails on the contour;

controlling surface runoff; seeding roads, trails, and landings after they are no

longer being used; keeping the total mileage of roads and trails to a minimum; and

seeding and mulching bare areas.
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

107

• Site preparation following harvest and establishment of the new forest for tree crop

production without delay reduce plant competition.

Community Development

Suitability: Limited

Management concerns: Wetness

Management considerations:

• Installing a drainage system around septic tank absorption fields and constructing

diversions that intercept water from upslope areas help to overcome the

wetness.

• A better suited soil should be selected as a site for dwellings with or without

basements; however, if dwellings are built in areas of this unit, the higher areas of

the map unit should be selected as the building sites, the landscape should be

shaped so that water moves away from the structures, and tile drains should be

installed by footings.

• Providing suitable base material or applying other suitable construction techniques

helps to prevent the damage caused by low strength.

Interpretive Groups

Land capability classification: 7s

Woodland ordination symbol: 4X

FaE—Faywood silt loam, 15 to 35 percent slopes, very

rocky

Setting

Landscape position: Uplands, in the eastern part of the survey area

Composition

Faywood soil: 75 percent

Inclusions: 25 percent

Typical Profile

Surface layer:

0 to 5 inches—brown silt loam

Subsoil:

5 to 8 inches—yellowish brown silt loam

8 to 21 inches—strong brown silty clay loam

Substratum:

21 to 28 inches—strong brown clay

28 to 30 inches—light olive brown, highly weathered siltstone

Bedrock:

30 inches—limestone

Soil Properties and Qualities

Drainage class: Well drained

Permeability: Slow or moderately slow

Available water capacity: Moderate

Seasonal high water table: None

Flooding: None

Shrink-swell potential: Moderate
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

108

Hazard of erosion: Severe or very severe

Slope class: Moderately steep or steep

Stoniness: Nonstony

Rockiness: Very rocky

Natural fertility: High

Reaction: In unlimed areas, slightly acid to slightly alkaline

Organic matter content in the surface layer: Moderate

Surface runoff: Very high

Depth to bedrock: 20 to 40 inches

Bedrock type: Limestone

Inclusions

Limiting inclusions:

• Moderately deep Berks soils

• Moderately deep Dekalb soils

• Soils that are less than 20 inches deep over bedrock

• Soils with slopes of more than 35 percent

• Areas that include more than 10 percent exposed bedrock

Nonlimiting inclusions:

• Very deep Blackthorn soils

• Soils that are more than 40 inches deep over bedrock

• Soils with slopes of less than 15 percent

Use and Management

Uses: Most areas of this unit have been cleared and are used as pasture. Some

areas are wooded.

Cropland

Suitability: Unsuited

Management concerns: Rock outcrop, slope, and erosion

Pasture and Hayland

Suitability: Unsuited to hay; suited to pasture

Management concerns: Rock outcrop, slope, erosion, overgrazing, and the availability

of water

Management considerations:

• Proper stocking rates that help to maintain desirable grasses and legumes and a

rotation grazing system are major pasture management needs.

• Supplying water to livestock may be difficult in some areas because of sinkholes

and underground channels.

• Developing springs or building ponds helps to supply water for livestock.

Woodland

Potential productivity: Moderately high

Management concerns: Erosion, slope, and rock outcrop

Management considerations:

• Establishing roads and trails on a gentle grade across the slope and seeding and

mulching bare areas help to control erosion.

Community Development

Suitability: Limited

Management concerns: Slope, depth to bedrock, and shrinking and swelling

Management considerations:

• The less sloping, included soils that are deeper to bedrock and areas with a lower

extent of rock outcrop have fewer limitations affecting most urban uses.
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

109

Interpretive Groups

Land capability classification: 6s

Woodland ordination symbol: 4C

FaF—Faywood silt loam, 35 to 55 percent slopes, very

rocky

Setting

Landscape position: Upland side slopes, in the eastern part of the survey area

Composition

Faywood soil: 75 percent

Inclusions: 25 percent

Typical Profile

Surface layer:

0 to 5 inches—brown silt loam

Subsoil:

5 to 8 inches—yellowish brown silt loam

8 to 21 inches—strong brown silty clay loam

Substratum:

21 to 28 inches—strong brown clay

28 to 30 inches—light olive brown, highly weathered siltstone

Bedrock:

30 inches—limestone bedrock

Soil Properties and Qualities

Drainage class: Well drained

Permeability: Slow or moderately slow

Available water capacity: Moderate

Seasonal high water table: None

Flooding: None

Shrink-swell potential: Moderate

Hazard of erosion: Very severe

Slope class: Steep or very steep

Stoniness: Nonstony

Rockiness: Very rocky

Natural fertility: High

Reaction: In unlimed areas, slightly acid to slightly alkaline

Organic matter content in the surface layer: Moderate

Surface runoff: Very high

Depth to bedrock: 20 to 40 inches

Bedrock type: Limestone

Inclusions

Limiting inclusions:

• Moderately deep Berks soils

• Moderately deep Dekalb soils

• Soils that are less than 20 inches deep over bedrock

• Soils with slopes of more than 55 percent
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

110

• Areas that include more than 10 percent exposed bedrock

Nonlimiting inclusions:

• Soils that are more than 40 inches deep over bedrock

• Soils with slopes of less than 35 percent

Use and Management

Uses: Most areas of this unit are wooded. Some areas have been cleared and are

used as pasture.

Cropland

Suitability: Unsuited

Management concerns: Rock outcrop, slope, and erosion

Pasture and Hayland

Suitability: Unsuited to hay; limited for pasture

Management concerns: Rock outcrop, slope, erosion, overgrazing, and a water

supply

Management considerations:

• Proper stocking rates that help to maintain desirable grasses and legumes and a

rotation grazing system are major pasture management needs.

• Supplying water to livestock may be difficult in some areas because of sinkholes

and underground channels.

• Developing springs or building ponds helps to supply water for livestock.

Woodland

Potential productivity: Moderately high

Management concerns: Erosion, slope, and rock outcrop

Management considerations:

• Specialized equipment or management techniques that are adapted to steep slopes

should be used when timber is harvested.

• Establishing roads and trails on a gentle grade across the slope and seeding and

mulching bare areas help to control erosion.

Community Development

Suitability: Limited

Management concerns: Slope, depth to bedrock, and shrinking and swelling

Management considerations:

• The less sloping, included soils that are deeper to bedrock and areas with a lower

extent of rock outcrop have fewer limitations affecting most urban uses.

Interpretive Groups

Land capability classification: 7s

Woodland ordination symbol: 4R

FkB—Frankstown silt loam, karst, 3 to 8 percent

slopes

Setting

Landscape position: Uplands, mainly in the central part of the survey area

Note: Sinkholes in most areas

Composition

Frankstown soil: 75 percent

Inclusions: 25 percent
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

111

Typical Profile

Surface layer:

0 to 2 inches—dark brown silt loam

Subsoil:

2 to 4 inches—yellowish brown silt loam

4 to 12 inches—brownish yellow silt loam

12 to 31 inches—brownish yellow channery silty clay loam

31 to 35 inches—strong brown very channery silt loam

Substratum:

35 to 45 inches—brownish yellow very channery silt loam with thin layers of reddish

yellow silty clay loam

Bedrock:

45 inches—weathered, strong brown siltstone

Soil Properties and Qualities

Drainage class: Well drained

Permeability: Moderate

Available water capacity: High

Seasonal high water table: None

Flooding: None

Shrink-swell potential: Low or moderate

Hazard of erosion: Moderate

Slope class: Gently sloping

Stoniness: Nonstony

Rockiness: Nonrocky

Natural fertility: Moderate

Reaction: In unlimed areas, very strongly acid to moderately acid

Organic matter content in the surface layer: Moderate

Surface runoff: Medium

Depth to bedrock: 40 to more than 60 inches

Bedrock type: Siltstone

Inclusions

Limiting inclusions:

• Moderately well drained soils in drainageways and depressions

• Soils with slopes of more than 8 percent

• Moderately deep Caneyville soils

• Areas that include more than 2 percent exposed bedrock

Nonlimiting inclusions:

• Very deep Frederick soils

Use and Management

Uses: This map unit is used as cropland, hayland, pasture, or woodland or, in some

areas near Lewisburg, for urban development.

Cropland

Suitability: Suited

Management concerns: Erosion and ground-water pollution

Management considerations:

• Applying a conservation tillage system, cultivating on the contour, applying a crop

rotation that includes hay, and returning crop residue to the soil help to control

erosion and to maintain fertility and tilth in cultivated areas.
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

112

• To protect the ground water, nutrients in manure and fertilizer applications should

not exceed the plant nutrient requirements.

• Maintaining sod filter strips around open sinkholes reduces the risk of ground-water

pollution.

Pasture and Hayland

Suitability: Suited

Management concerns: Erosion and a water supply for livestock

Management considerations:

• Proper stocking rates, a rotation grazing system, and deferred grazing in the

spring until the ground is reasonably firm help to maintain desirable grasses and

legumes.

• Developing springs or building ponds helps to supply water for livestock. Additional

measures may be needed to ensure that the ponds hold water.

Woodland

Potential productivity: Moderately high

Management concerns: Plant competition

Management considerations:

• Applying herbicides helps to control competing vegetation.

• Planting nursery stock with a well developed root system and timing planting to take

full advantage of the spring rains help to ensure the successful establishment of a

tree plantation.

Community Development

Suitability: Suited

Management concerns: The moderate shrink-swell potential, depth to bedrock, and

ground-water pollution

Management considerations:

• Installing properly designed footers, diverting surface water away from foundations,

and backfilling with porous material help to prevent the damage caused by

shrinking and swelling.

• Installing large septic tank absorption fields on the contour and choosing areas of

the deepest included soils as sites help to compensate for the limited depth to

bedrock and slow water movement.

• The soft siltstone bedrock can usually be ripped with conventional earthmoving

equipment.

• Septic tank absorption fields should not be installed in areas near limestone

outcrops, in sinkholes, and in areas where excavation exposes limestone

bedrock.

Interpretive Groups

Land capability classification: 2e

Woodland ordination symbol: 4A

FkC—Frankstown silt loam, karst, 8 to 15 percent slopes

Setting

Landscape position: Uplands, mainly in the central part of the survey area

Note: Sinkholes in most areas

Composition

Frankstown soil: 75 percent

Inclusions: 25 percent
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

113

Typical Profile

Surface layer:

0 to 2 inches—dark brown silt loam

Subsoil:

2 to 4 inches—yellowish brown silt loam

4 to 12 inches—brownish yellow silt loam

12 to 31 inches—brownish yellow channery silty clay loam

31 to 35 inches—strong brown very channery silt loam

Substratum:

35 to 45 inches—brownish yellow very channery silt loam with thin layers of reddish

yellow silty clay loam

Bedrock:

45 inches—weathered, strong brown siltstone

Soil Properties and Qualities

Drainage class: Well drained

Permeability: Moderate

Available water capacity: High

Seasonal high water table: None

Flooding: None

Shrink-swell potential: Low or moderate

Hazard of erosion: Moderate

Slope class: Strongly sloping

Stoniness: Nonstony

Rockiness: Nonrocky

Natural fertility: Moderate

Reaction: In unlimed areas, very strongly acid to moderately acid

Organic matter content in the surface layer: Moderate

Surface runoff: Medium

Depth to bedrock: 40 to more than 60 inches

Bedrock type: Siltstone

Inclusions

Limiting inclusions:

• Moderately well drained soils in drainageways and depressions

• Soils with slopes of less than 8 percent or more than 15 percent

• Moderately deep Caneyville soils

• Areas that include more than 2 percent exposed bedrock

Nonlimiting inclusions:

• Very deep Frederick soils

Use and Management

Uses: This map unit is used as cropland, hayland, pasture, or woodland or, in some

areas near Lewisburg, for urban development.

Cropland

Suitability: Suited

Management concerns: A severe hazard of erosion and ground-water pollution

Management considerations:

• Applying a conservation tillage system, cultivating on the contour, applying a crop

rotation that includes hay, and returning crop residue to the soil help to control

erosion and to maintain fertility and tilth.
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

114

• To protect the ground water, nutrients in manure and fertilizer applications should

not exceed the plant nutrient requirements.

• Maintaining sod filter strips around open sinkholes reduces the risk of ground-water

pollution.

Pasture and Hayland

Suitability: Suited

Management concerns: Erosion and a water supply for livestock

Management considerations:

• Proper stocking rates, a rotation grazing system, and deferred grazing in the

spring until the ground is reasonably firm help to maintain desirable grasses and

legumes.

• Developing springs or building ponds helps to supply water for livestock. Additional

measures may be needed to ensure that the ponds hold water.

Woodland

Potential productivity: Moderately high

Management concerns: Plant competition

Management considerations:

• Applying herbicides helps to control competing vegetation.

• Planting nursery stock with a well developed root system and timing planting to take

full advantage of the spring rains help to ensure the successful establishment of a

tree plantation.

Community Development

Suitability: Suited

Management concerns: Slope, the moderate shrink-swell potential, the depth to

bedrock, and ground-water pollution

Management considerations:

• Installing properly designed footers, diverting surface water away from foundations,

and backfilling with porous material help to prevent the damage caused by

shrinking and swelling.

• Installing large septic tank absorption fields on the contour and choosing areas of

the deepest included soils as sites help to compensate for the limited depth to

bedrock and slow water movement.

• The soft siltstone bedrock can usually be ripped with conventional earthmoving

equipment.

• Septic tank absorption fields should not be installed in areas near limestone

outcrops, in sinkholes, and where excavation exposes limestone bedrock.

Interpretive Groups

Land capability classification: 3e

Woodland ordination symbol: 4A

FkD—Frankstown silt loam, karst, 15 to 25 percent

slopes

Setting

Landscape position: Uplands, mainly in the central part of the survey area

Note: Sinkholes in most areas

Composition

Frankstown soil: 75 percent

Inclusions: 25 percent
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

115

Typical Profile

Surface layer:

0 to 2 inches—dark brown silt loam

Subsoil:

2 to 4 inches—yellowish brown silt loam

4 to 12 inches—brownish yellow silt loam

12 to 31 inches—brownish yellow channery silty clay loam

31 to 35 inches—strong brown very channery silt loam

Substratum:

35 to 45 inches—brownish yellow very channery silt loam with thin layers of reddish

yellow silty clay loam

Bedrock:

45 inches—weathered, strong brown siltstone

Soil Properties and Qualities

Drainage class: Well drained

Permeability: Moderate

Available water capacity: High

Seasonal high water table: None

Flooding: None

Shrink-swell potential: Low or moderate

Hazard of erosion: Moderate

Slope class: Moderately steep

Stoniness: Nonstony

Rockiness: Nonrocky

Natural fertility: Moderate

Reaction: In unlimed areas, very strongly acid to moderately acid

Organic matter content in the surface layer: Moderate

Surface runoff: High

Depth to bedrock: 40 to more than 60 inches

Bedrock type: Siltstone

Inclusions

Limiting inclusions:

• Moderately well drained soils in drainageways and depressions

• Soils with slopes of less than 15 percent or more than 25 percent

• Moderately deep Caneyville soils

• Areas that include more than 2 percent exposed bedrock

Nonlimiting inclusions:

• Very deep Frederick soils

Use and Management

Uses: This map unit is used as cropland, hayland, pasture, or woodland or, in some

areas near Lewisburg, for urban development.

Cropland

Suitability: Limited

Management concerns: A severe hazard of erosion and ground-water pollution

Management considerations:

• Applying a conservation tillage system, cultivating on the contour, applying a crop

rotation that includes hay, and returning crop residue to the soil help to control

erosion and to maintain fertility and tilth.
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

116

• To protect the ground water, nutrients in manure and fertilizer applications should

not exceed the plant nutrient requirements.

• Filter strips around open sinkholes reduce the risk of ground-water pollution.

Pasture and Hayland

Suitability: Suited

Management concerns: Erosion and a water supply for livestock

Management considerations:

• Proper stocking rates, a rotation grazing system, and deferred grazing in the spring

until the ground is reasonably firm help to maintain desirable grasses and legumes.

• Developing springs or building ponds helps to supply water for livestock. Additional

measures may be needed to ensure that the ponds hold water.

Woodland

Potential productivity: Moderately high

Management concerns: Plant competition

Management considerations:

• Applying herbicides helps to control competing vegetation.

• Planting nursery stock that has a well developed root system and timing planting to

take full advantage of the spring rains help to ensure the successful establishment

of a tree plantation.

Community Development

Suitability: Limited

Management concerns: Slope, the moderate shrink-swell potential, depth to bedrock,

and ground-water pollution

Management considerations:

• The less sloping included soils are better suited to community development.

• Installing properly designed footers, diverting surface water away from foundations,

and backfilling with porous material help to prevent the damage caused by

shrinking and swelling.

• Installing large septic tank absorption fields on the contour and choosing areas of

the deepest included soils as sites help to compensate for the limited depth to

bedrock and slow water movement.

• The soft siltstone bedrock can usually be ripped with conventional earthmoving

equipment.

• Septic tank absorption fields should not be installed in areas near limestone

outcrops, in sinkholes, and in areas where excavation exposes limestone bedrock.

Interpretive Groups

Land capability classification: 4e

Woodland ordination symbol: 4R

FoC—Frankstown silt loam, karst, 3 to 15 percent slopes,

very rocky

Setting

Landscape position: Uplands, mainly in the central part of the survey area

Note: Includes 2 to 10 percent exposed limestone bedrock; sinkholes in most areas

Composition

Frankstown soil: 75 percent

Inclusions: 25 percent
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

117

Typical Profile

Surface layer:

0 to 1 inch—dark brown silt loam

Subsurface layer:

1 to 2 inches—brown silt loam

Subsoil:

2 to 4 inches—yellowish brown silt loam

4 to 12 inches—brownish yellow silt loam

12 to 31 inches—brownish yellow channery silty clay loam

31 to 35 inches—strong brown very channery silt loam

Substratum:

35 to 45 inches—brownish yellow very channery silt loam with thin layers of reddish

yellow silty clay loam

Bedrock:

45 inches—weathered, strong brown siltstone

Soil Properties and Qualities

Drainage class: Well drained

Permeability: Moderate

Available water capacity: High

Seasonal high water table: None

Flooding: None

Shrink-swell potential: Low or moderate

Hazard of erosion: Moderate

Slope class: Gently sloping or strongly sloping

Stoniness: Nonstony

Rockiness: Very rocky

Natural fertility: Moderate

Reaction: In unlimed areas, very strongly acid to moderately acid

Organic matter content in the surface layer: Moderate

Surface runoff: Medium

Depth to bedrock: 40 to more than 60 inches

Bedrock type: Siltstone

Inclusions

Limiting inclusions:

• Moderately well drained soils in drainageways and depressions

• Soils with slopes of more than 15 percent

• Moderately deep Caneyville soils

• Areas that include more than 10 percent exposed bedrock

Nonlimiting inclusions:

• Very deep Frederick soils

• Areas that include less than 2 percent exposed bedrock

Use and Management

Uses: This unit is used as hayland, pasture, or woodland.

Cropland

Suitability: Unsuited

Management concerns: Rock outcrop
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

118

Pasture and Hayland

Suitability: Unsuited to hay; suited to pasture

Management concerns: Erosion and a water supply for livestock

Management considerations:

• Proper stocking rates, a rotation grazing system, and deferred grazing in the

spring until the ground is reasonably firm help to maintain desirable grasses and

legumes.

• Developing springs or building ponds helps to supply water for livestock. Additional

measures may be needed to ensure that the ponds hold water.

Woodland

Potential productivity: Moderately high

Management concerns: Plant competition

Management considerations:

• Applying herbicides helps to control competing vegetation.

• Planting nursery stock with a well developed root system and timing planting to take

full advantage of the spring rains help to ensure the successful establishment of a

tree plantation.

Community Development

Suitability: Limited

Management concerns: Slope, rock outcrop, the moderate shrink-swell potential,

depth to bedrock, and ground-water pollution

Management considerations:

• Installing properly designed footers, diverting surface water away from foundations,

and backfilling with porous material help to prevent the damage caused by

shrinking and swelling.

• Installing large septic tank absorption fields on the contour and choosing areas of

the deepest included soils as sites help to compensate for the limited depth to

bedrock and slow water movement.

• The soft siltstone bedrock can usually be ripped with conventional earthmoving

equipment.

• Septic tank absorption fields should not be installed in areas near limestone

outcrops, in sinkholes, and in areas where excavation exposes limestone bedrock.

Interpretive Groups

Land capability classification: 6s

Woodland ordination symbol: 4A

FoE—Frankstown silt loam, karst, 15 to 35 percent slopes,

very rocky

Setting

Landscape position: Uplands, mainly in the central part of the survey area

Note: Includes 2 to 10 percent exposed limestone bedrock; sinkholes in most

areas

Composition

Frankstown soil: 75 percent

Inclusions: 25 percent

Typical Profile

Surface layer:

0 to 1 inch—dark brown silt loam
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

119

Subsoil:

1 to 4 inches—yellowish brown silt loam

4 to 12 inches—brownish yellow silt loam

12 to 31 inches—brownish yellow channery silty clay loam

31 to 35 inches—strong brown very channery silt loam

Substratum:

35 to 45 inches—brownish yellow very channery silt loam with thin layers of reddish

yellow silty clay loam

Bedrock:

45 inches—weathered, strong brown siltstone

Soil Properties and Qualities

Drainage class: Well drained

Permeability: Moderate

Available water capacity: High

Seasonal high water table: None

Flooding: None

Shrink-swell potential: Low or moderate

Hazard of erosion: Moderate

Slope class: Strongly sloping to steep

Stoniness: Nonstony

Rockiness: Very rocky

Natural fertility: Moderate

Reaction: In unlimed areas, very strongly acid to moderately acid

Organic matter content in the surface layer: Moderate

Surface runoff: High

Depth to bedrock: 40 to more than 60 inches

Bedrock type: Siltstone

Inclusions

Limiting inclusions:

• Moderately well drained soils in drainageways and depressions

• Soils with slopes of less than 15 percent or more than 35 percent

• Moderately deep Caneyville soils

• Areas that include more than 10 percent exposed bedrock

Nonlimiting inclusions:

• Very deep Frederick soils

• Areas that include less than 2 percent exposed bedrock

Use and Management

Uses: This map unit is used as pasture or woodland.

Cropland

Suitability: Unsuited

Management concerns: Rock outcrop, erosion, and slope

Pasture and Hayland

Suitability: Unsuited to hay; suited to pasture

Management concerns: Erosion, slope, and a water supply for livestock

Management considerations:

• Proper stocking rates, a rotation grazing system, and deferred grazing in the spring

until the ground is reasonably firm help to maintain desirable grasses and legumes.

• Developing springs or building ponds helps to supply water for livestock. Additional

measures may be needed to ensure that the ponds hold water.
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

120

Woodland

Potential productivity: Moderately high

Management concerns: Plant competition and erosion

Management considerations:

• Applying herbicides helps to control competing vegetation.

• Planting nursery stock with a well developed root system and timing planting to take

full advantage of the spring rains help to ensure the successful establishment of a

tree plantation.

• Establishing roads and trails on a gentle grade across the slope, controlling surface

runoff, seeding roads and trails after they are no longer being used, keeping the

total mileage of roads and trails to a minimum, and seeding and mulching bare

areas help to control erosion.

Community Development

Suitability: Limited

Management concerns: Slope, rock outcrop, the moderate shrink-swell potential, slow

water movement, depth to bedrock, and ground-water pollution

Management considerations:

• The less sloping, included soils that have a lower extent of rock outcrop may be

marginally suited to community development.

• Installing properly designed footers, diverting surface water away from foundations,

and backfilling with porous material help to prevent the damage caused by

shrinking and swelling.

• Installing large septic tank absorption fields on the contour and choosing areas of

the deepest included soils as sites help to compensate for the limited depth to

bedrock and slow water movement.

• The soft siltstone bedrock can usually be ripped with conventional earthmoving

equipment.

• Septic tank absorption fields should not be installed in areas near limestone

outcrops, in sinkholes, and in areas where excavation exposes limestone bedrock.

Interpretive Groups

Land capability classification: 7s

Woodland ordination symbol: 4R

FrB—Frederick silt loam, karst, 3 to 8 percent slopes

Setting

Landscape position: Uplands, mainly in the central part of the survey area

Note: Sinkholes in most areas

Composition

Frederick soil: 80 percent

Inclusions: 20 percent

Typical Profile

Surface layer:

0 to 4 inches—dark yellowish brown silt loam

Subsoil:

4 to 8 inches—brown silt loam

8 to 23 inches—strong brown silty clay loam

23 to 29 inches—yellowish red silty clay loam

29 to 44 inches—yellowish red channery clay
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

121

44 to 63 inches—red channery clay

Substratum:

63 to 80 inches—mixed red and light olive brown channery clay

Soil Properties and Qualities

Drainage class: Well drained

Permeability: Moderate

Available water capacity: Moderate or high

Seasonal high water table: None

Flooding: None

Shrink-swell potential: Moderate

Hazard of erosion: Low or moderate

Slope class: Gently sloping

Stoniness: None

Rockiness: None

Natural fertility: High

Reaction: In unlimed areas, strongly acid to neutral

Organic matter content in the surface layer: Moderate

Surface runoff: Medium

Depth to bedrock: More than 80 inches

Bedrock type: Limestone

Inclusions

Limiting inclusions:

• Moderately deep Caneyville soils

• Moderately well drained soils

• Soils with slopes of more than 8 percent

• Areas that include more than 2 percent exposed bedrock

Nonlimiting inclusions:

• Deep and very deep Frankstown soils

Use and Management

Uses: This map unit is used as cropland, hayland, pasture, or woodland, or, in some

areas near Lewisburg, for urban development.

Cropland

Suitability: Suited

Management concerns: Erosion and ground-water pollution

Management considerations:

• Applying a conservation tillage system, cultivating on the contour, applying a crop

rotation that includes hay, and returning crop residue to the soil help to control

erosion and to maintain fertility and tilth.

• To protect the ground water, nutrients in manure and fertilizer applications should

not exceed plant nutrient requirements.

• Maintaining sod filter strips around open sinkholes reduces the risk of ground-water

pollution.

Pasture and Hayland

Suitability: Suited

Management concerns: Erosion, overgrazing, and a water supply for livestock

Management considerations:

• Proper stocking rates, a rotation grazing system, and deferred grazing in the

spring until the ground is reasonably firm help to maintain desirable grasses and

legumes.
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

122

• Developing springs or building ponds helps to supply water for livestock. Additional

measures may be needed to ensure that the ponds hold water.

Woodland

Potential productivity: Moderately high

Management concerns: Plant competition

Management considerations:

• Applying herbicides helps to control competing vegetation.

• Planting nursery stock with a well developed root system and timing planting to take

full advantage of the spring rains help to ensure the successful establishment of a

tree plantation.

Community Development

Suitability: Suited

Management concerns: The moderate shrink-swell potential, slow water movement,

erosion, and ground-water pollution

Management considerations:

• Installing properly designed footers, diverting surface water away from foundations,

and backfilling with porous material help to prevent the damage caused by

shrinking and swelling.

• The slow water movement can be overcome by installing a larger septic tank

absorption field than is typical; digging wide, deep trenches under distribution lines;

and selecting areas of the deepest included soils as sites.

• Minimal disturbance of the soil and revegetation with stockpiled topsoil soon after

construction reduce the hazard of erosion.

• Septic tank absorption fields should not be installed in areas near limestone

outcrops, in sinkholes, and in areas where excavation exposes limestone bedrock.

Interpretive Groups

Land capability classification: 2e

Woodland ordination symbol: 5C

FrC—Frederick silt loam, karst, 8 to 15 percent slopes

Setting

Landscape position: Rolling uplands, mainly in the central part of the county (fig. 9)

Note: Sinkholes in most areas

Composition

Frederick soil: 80 percent

Inclusions: 20 percent

Typical Profile

Surface layer:

0 to 4 inches—dark yellowish brown silt loam

Subsoil:

4 to 8 inches—brown silt loam

8 to 23 inches—strong brown silty clay loam

23 to 29 inches—yellowish red silty clay loam

29 to 44 inches—yellowish red channery clay

44 to 63 inches—red channery clay

Substratum:

63 to 80 inches—mixed red and light olive brown channery clay
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

123

Soil Properties and Qualities

Drainage class: Well drained

Permeability: Moderate

Available water capacity: Moderate or high

Seasonal high water table: None

Flooding: None

Shrink-swell potential: Moderate

Hazard of erosion: Low or moderate

Slope class: Strongly sloping

Stoniness: None

Rockiness: None

Natural fertility: High

Reaction: In unlimed areas, strongly acid to neutral

Organic matter content in the surface layer: Moderate

Surface runoff: Medium

Depth to bedrock: More than 80 inches

Bedrock type: Limestone

Inclusions

Limiting inclusions:

• Moderately deep Caneyville soils

• Moderately well drained soils

• Soils with slopes of less than 8 percent or more than 15 percent

• Areas that include more than 2 percent exposed bedrock

Nonlimiting inclusions:

• Deep and very deep Frankstown soils

Figure 9.—Stripcropping in an area of Frederick silt loam, karst, 8 to 15 percent slopes, at

Richlands.
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

124

Use and Management

Uses: This map unit is used as cropland, hayland, pasture, or woodland or, in some

areas near Lewisburg, for urban development.

Cropland

Suitability: Suited

Management concerns: Erosion and ground-water pollution

Management considerations:

• Applying a conservation tillage system, cultivating on the contour, applying a crop

rotation that includes hay, and returning crop residue to the soil help to control

erosion and to maintain fertility and tilth.

• To protect the ground water, nutrients in manure and fertilizer applications should

not exceed plant nutrient requirements.

• Maintaining sod filter strips around open sinkholes reduces the risk of ground-water

pollution.

Pasture and Hayland

Suitability: Suited

Management concerns: Erosion, overgrazing, and a water supply for livestock

Management considerations:

• Proper stocking rates, a rotation grazing system, and deferred grazing in the

spring until the ground is reasonably firm help to maintain desirable grasses and

legumes.

• Developing springs or building ponds helps to supply water for livestock. Additional

measures may be needed to ensure that the ponds hold water.

Woodland

Potential productivity: Moderately high

Management concerns: Plant competition

Management considerations:

• Applying herbicides helps to control competing vegetation.

• Planting nursery stock with a well developed root system and timing planting to take

full advantage of the spring rains help to ensure the successful establishment of a

tree plantation.

Community Development

Suitability: Suited

Management concerns: Slope, the moderate shrink-swell potential, slow water

movement, erosion, and ground-water pollution

Management considerations:

• Dwellings should be designed so that they conform to the setting and to the natural

slope of the land.

• Installing properly designed footers, diverting surface water away from foundations,

and backfilling with porous material help to prevent the damage caused by

shrinking and swelling.

• The slow water movement can be compensated for by planning for a larger septic

tank absorption field than is typical; digging wide, deep trenches under distribution

lines; installing the absorption field on the contour; and choosing areas of the

deepest included soils as sites.

• Minimal disturbance of the soil and revegetation using stockpiled topsoil soon after

construction reduce the hazard of erosion.

• Septic tank absorption fields should not be installed in areas near limestone

outcrops, in sinkholes, and in areas where excavation exposes limestone

bedrock.
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

125

Interpretive Groups

Land capability classification: 3e

Woodland ordination symbol: 5C

FrD—Frederick silt loam, karst, 15 to 25 percent slopes

Setting

Landscape position: Uplands, mainly in the central part of the survey area

Note: Sinkholes in most areas

Composition

Frederick soil: 80 percent

Inclusions: 20 percent

Typical Profile

Surface layer:

0 to 4 inches—dark yellowish brown silt loam

Subsoil:

4 to 8 inches—brown silt loam

8 to 23 inches—strong brown silty clay loam

23 to 29 inches—yellowish red silty clay loam

29 to 44 inches—yellowish red channery clay

44 to 63 inches—red channery clay

Substratum:

63 to 80 inches—mixed red and light olive brown channery clay

Soil Properties and Qualities

Drainage class: Well drained

Permeability: Moderate

Available water capacity: Moderate or high

Seasonal high water table: None

Flooding: None

Shrink-swell potential: Moderate

Hazard of erosion: Low or moderate

Slope class: Moderately steep

Stoniness: None

Rockiness: None

Natural fertility: High

Reaction: In unlimed areas, strongly acid to neutral

Organic matter content in the surface layer: Moderate

Surface runoff: High

Depth to bedrock: More than 80 inches

Bedrock type: Limestone

Inclusions

Limiting inclusions:

• Moderately deep Caneyville soils

• Moderately well drained soils

• Soils that have slopes of less than 15 percent or more than 25 percent

• Areas that include more than 2 percent exposed bedrock
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

126

Nonlimiting inclusions:

• Deep and very deep Frankstown soils

Use and Management

Uses: This map unit is used as cropland, hayland, pasture, or woodland or, in some

areas new Lewisburg, for urban development.

Cropland

Suitability: Suited

Management concerns: Erosion and ground-water pollution

Management considerations:

• Applying a conservation tillage system, cultivating on the contour, applying a crop

rotation that includes hay, and returning crop residue to the soil help to control

erosion and to maintain fertility and tilth.

• To protect the ground water, nutrients in manure and fertilizer applications should

not exceed the plant nutrient requirements.

• Maintaining sod filter strips around open sinkholes reduces the risk of ground-water

pollution.

Pasture and Hayland

Suitability: Suited

Management concerns: Erosion, overgrazing, and a water supply for livestock

Management considerations:

• Proper stocking rates, a rotation grazing system, and deferred grazing in the spring

until the ground is reasonably firm help to maintain desirable grasses and legumes.

• Developing springs or building ponds helps to supply water for livestock. Additional

measures may be needed to ensure that the ponds hold water.

Woodland

Potential productivity: Moderately high

Management concerns: Plant competition

Management considerations:

• Applying herbicides helps to control competing vegetation.

• Planting nursery stock with a well developed root system and timing planting to take

full advantage of the spring rains help to ensure the successful establishment of a

tree plantation.

Community Development

Suitability: Suited

Management concerns: Slope, the moderate shrink-swell potential, slow water

movement, erosion, and ground-water pollution

Management considerations:

• Dwellings should be designed so that they conform to the setting and to the natural

slope of the land.

• Installing properly designed footers, diverting surface water away from foundations,

and backfilling with porous material help to prevent the damage caused by

shrinking and swelling.

• The slow water movement can be compensated for by planning for a larger septic

tank absorption field than is typical; digging wide, deep trenches under distribution

lines; installing the absorption field on the contour; and choosing areas of the

deepest included soils as sites.

• Minimal disturbance of the soil and revegetation using stockpiled topsoil soon after

construction reduce the hazard of erosion.

• Septic tank absorption fields should not be installed in areas near limestone

outcrops, in sinkholes, and in areas where excavation exposes limestone

bedrock.
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

127

Interpretive Groups

Land capability classification: 4e

Woodland ordination symbol: 4C

FyC—Frederick-Caneyville complex, karst, 3 to 15 percent

slopes, very rocky

Setting

Landscape position: Rolling, undulating uplands; in the central part of the survey area

(fig.10)

Note: Includes 2 to 10 percent exposed limestone bedrock; sinkholes common in

most areas

Note: The soils are so intermingled that it was not practical to map them separately.

Composition

Frederick soil: 45 percent

Caneyville soil: 35 percent

Inclusions: 20 percent

Typical Profile

Frederick

Surface layer:

0 to 4 inches—dark yellowish brown silt loam

Subsoil:

4 to 8 inches—brown silt loam

8 to 23 inches—strong brown silty clay loam

23 to 29 inches—yellowish red silty clay loam

Figure 10.—An area of Frederick-Caneyville complex, karst, 3 to 15 percent slopes, very rocky.

Karst topography near Richlands.
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

128

29 to 44 inches—yellowish red channery clay

44 to 63 inches—red channery clay

Substratum:

63 to 80 inches—mixed red and light olive brown channery clay

Caneyville

Surface layer:

0 to 3 inches—brown silt loam

Subsoil:

3 to 6 inches—strong brown silt loam

6 to 10 inches—strong brown silty clay loam

10 to 24 inches—yellowish red clay

Bedrock:

24 inches—hard limestone with a very thin, highly weathered, white, powdery coating

Soil Properties and Qualities

Drainage class: Well drained

Permeability: Moderately slow or moderate

Available water capacity: Frederick—moderate or high; Caneyville—low or moderate

Seasonal high water table: None

Flooding: None

Shrink-swell potential: Moderate

Hazard of erosion: Moderate

Slope class: Gently sloping or strongly sloping; undulating

Stoniness: Nonstony

Rockiness: Very rocky

Natural fertility: High

Reaction: In unlimed areas, strongly acid to slightly alkaline

Organic matter content of the surface layer: Moderate

Surface runoff: Medium

Depth to bedrock: Frederick—more than 60 inches; Caneyville—20 to 40 inches

Bedrock type: Limestone

Inclusions

Limiting inclusions:

• Poorly drained Dunning soils in low areas

• Soils that are less than 20 inches deep over bedrock

• Areas that include more than 10 percent exposed bedrock

• Soils with slopes of more than 15 percent

Nonlimiting inclusions:

• Moderately deep Culleoka soils

• Deep and very deep Frankstown soils

Use and Management

Uses: Most areas have been cleared and are used as pasture. Some areas are

wooded.

Cropland

Suitability: Unsuited

Management concerns: Rock outcrop

Pasture and Hayland

Suitability: Unsuited to hay; suited to pasture

Management concerns: Erosion, overgrazing, and a water supply for livestock
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

129

Management considerations:

• Proper stocking rates, a rotation grazing system, and deferred grazing in the

spring until the ground is reasonably firm help to maintain desirable grasses and

legumes.

• Developing springs or building ponds helps to supply water for livestock. Additional

measures may be needed to ensure that the ponds hold water.

Woodland

Potential productivity: Moderately high

Management concerns: Erosion and rock outcrop

Management considerations:

• Establishing roads and trails on a gentle grade across the slope, controlling surface

runoff, seeding roads and trails after they are no longer being used, keeping the

total mileage of roads and trails to a minimum, and seeding and mulching bare

areas help to control erosion.

Community Development

Suitability: Limited

Management concerns: Slope, ground-water pollution, the moderate shrink-swell

potential, slow water movement, and, in areas of the Caneyville soil, depth to

bedrock

Management considerations:

• Building above the bedrock, landscaping with additional fill material, and designing

dwellings so that they conform to the setting and to the natural slope of the land

help to overcome the depth to bedrock and slope on sites for dwellings with and

without basements.

• Adding extra reinforcement in footers and backfilling with coarse textured material

help to prevent the structural damage caused by shrinking and swelling.

• Increasing the size of lots so that they include areas of more favorable soils or

installing an alternate system helps to overcome the limitations on sites for septic

tank absorption fields.

Interpretive Groups

Land capability classification: 6s

Woodland ordination symbol: 4C

FyE—Frederick-Caneyville complex, karst, 15 to

35 percent slopes, very rocky

Setting

Landscape position: Uplands, in the central part of the survey area

Note: Exposed limestone bedrock covers 2 to 10 percent of the surface; sinkholes

common in most areas

Note: The soils are so intermingled that it was not practical to map them separately.

Composition

Frederick soil: 40 percent

Caneyville soil: 40 percent

Inclusions: 20 percent

Typical Profile

Frederick

Surface layer:

0 to 4 inches—dark yellowish brown silt loam
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

130

Subsoil:

4 to 8 inches—brown silt loam

8 to 23 inches—strong brown silty clay loam

23 to 29 inches—yellowish red silty clay loam

29 to 44 inches—yellowish red channery clay

44 to 63 inches—red channery clay

Substratum:

63 to 80 inches or more—mixed red and light olive brown channery clay

Caneyville

Surface layer:

0 to 3 inches—brown silt loam

Subsoil:

3 to 6 inches—strong brown silt loam

6 to 10 inches—strong brown silty clay loam

10 to 24 inches—yellowish red clay

Bedrock:

24 inches—hard limestone with a very thin, highly weathered, white, powdery coating

Soil Properties and Qualities

Drainage class: Well drained

Permeability: Moderately slow or moderate

Available water capacity: Frederick—moderate or high; Caneyville—low or moderate

Seasonal high water table: None

Flooding: None

Shrink-swell potential: Moderate

Hazard of erosion: High

Slope class: Steep or moderately steep

Stoniness: Nonstony

Rockiness: Very rocky

Natural fertility: High

Reaction: In unlimed areas, strongly acid to slightly alkaline

Organic matter content of the surface layer: Moderate

Surface runoff: High

Depth to bedrock: Frederick—more than 60 inches; Caneyville—20 to 40 inches

Bedrock type: Limestone

Inclusions

Limiting inclusions:

• Poorly drained Dunning soils in low areas

• Soils that are less than 20 inches deep over bedrock

• Areas that include more than 10 percent exposed bedrock

• Soils with slopes of less than 15 percent or more than 35 percent

Nonlimiting inclusions:

• Moderately deep Culleoka soils

• Deep and very deep Frankstown soils

Use and Management

Uses: Most areas have been cleared and are used as pasture. Some areas are

overgrown with greenbrier and multiflora rose, and other areas are wooded.

Cropland

Suitability: Unsuited
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

131

Management concerns: Rock outcrop, erosion, and slope

Pasture and Hayland

Suitability: Unsuited to hay; suited to pasture

Management concerns: Erosion, slope, overgrazing, and a water supply for livestock

Management considerations:

• Proper stocking rates, a rotation grazing system, and deferred grazing in the spring

until the ground is reasonably firm help to maintain desirable grasses and legumes.

• Developing springs or building ponds helps to supply water for livestock. Additional

measures may be needed to ensure that the ponds hold water.

Woodland

Potential productivity: Moderately high

Management concerns: Erosion, slope, and rock outcrop

Management considerations:

• Establishing roads and trails on a gentle grade across the slope, controlling surface

runoff, seeding roads and trails after they are no longer being used, keeping the

total mileage of roads and trails to a minimum, and seeding and mulching bare

areas help to control erosion.

Community Development

Suitability: Limited

Management concerns: Slope, ground-water pollution, the moderate shrink-swell

potential, slow water movement, and, in areas of the Caneyville soil, depth to

bedrock

Management considerations:

• The included soils that have slopes of less than 15 percent, are deeper to bedrock,

or have a lower extent of rock outcrop have fewer limitations affecting most urban

development.

Interpretive Groups

Land capability classification: 7s

Woodland ordination symbol: 4C

GaC—Gauley channery sandy loam, 3 to 15 percent

slopes, extremely stony

Setting

Landscape position: Convex ridgetops, at the higher elevations west of the

Greenbrier River

Composition

Gauley soil: 85 percent

Inclusions: 15 percent

Typical Profile

Surface layer:

0 to 6 inches—slightly or highly decomposed forest litter

6 to 8 inches—black channery sandy loam

Subsurface layer:

8 to 12 inches—brown very channery sandy loam

Subsoil:

12 to 15 inches—dark reddish brown very channery sandy loam
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

132

15 to 26 inches—strong brown very channery loam

Substratum:

26 to 38 inches—yellowish brown extremely channery loam

Bedrock:

38 inches—massive, olive gray sandstone

Soil Properties and Qualities

Drainage class: Well drained

Permeability: Moderately rapid

Available water capacity: Very low to moderate

Seasonal high water table: None

Flooding: None

Shrink-swell potential: Low

Hazard of erosion: Moderate or severe

Slope class: Strongly sloping or gently sloping

Stoniness: Extremely stony

Rockiness: Nonrocky

Natural fertility: Low

Reaction: In unlimed areas, extremely acid to strongly acid

Organic matter content in the surface layer: High

Surface runoff: Medium

Depth to bedrock: 20 to 40 inches

Bedrock type: Sandstone

Inclusions

Limiting inclusions:

• Somewhat poorly drained Leatherbark soils

• Soils that have stones covering more than 15 percent of the surface

Nonlimiting inclusions:

• Moderately deep Mandy soils

• Soils with slopes of less than 3 percent

Use and Management

Uses: Most areas of this map unit are wooded.

Cropland

Suitability: Unsuited

Management concerns: Stoniness, erosion, and a short growing season

Pasture and Hayland

Suitability: Unsuited to hay; limited for pasture

Management concerns: Stoniness, erosion, and a short growing season

Management considerations:

• The extreme stoniness restricts the use of most types of farm machinery.

• The short growing season at the higher elevations limits the number of days that

animals can graze pasture.

Woodland

Potential productivity: High for red spruce

Management concerns: Seedling mortality and plant competition

Management considerations:

• If the timber harvest is planned so that full advantage of the abundant seed supply

is taken, the area will become overstocked and, through competition between the
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

133

red spruce in the overstocked areas, the natural thinning process should produce a

fully stocked stand.

• Haul roads and skid roads should be built in areas of the included soils that are less

stony and less sandy and where bedrock is at a greater depth. Log landings should

be built in the less sloping areas.

Community Development

Suitability: Limited

Management concerns: Depth to bedrock, large stones, frost action, erosion, and

slope

Management considerations:

• Building above the bedrock, landscaping with additional fill material, and designing

dwellings so they conform to the setting and to the natural slope of the land help to

overcome the depth to bedrock, large stones, and slope on sites for dwellings with

and without basements.

• Revegetating bare areas during or soon after construction reduces the hazard of

erosion in areas cleared for construction.

• Increasing the size of lots so that they include areas of more favorable included

soils or installing an alternate system helps to overcome the limited depth to

bedrock on sites for septic tank absorption fields.

• Constructing roads and streets on a gentle grade across the slope, removing the

stones, and providing a coarse textured base material to frost depth will help to

overcome the depth to bedrock, slope, and large stones and to prevent the damage

caused by frost action on sites for local roads and streets.

Interpretive Groups

Land capability classification: 7s

Woodland ordination symbol: 6F

GaE—Gauley channery sandy loam, 15 to 35 percent

slopes, extremely stony

Setting

Landscape position: Ridgetops and shoulder slopes, at the higher elevations west of

the Greenbrier River

Composition

Gauley soil: 80 percent

Inclusions: 20 percent

Typical Profile

Surface layer:

0 to 6 inches—slightly or highly decomposed forest litter

6 to 8 inches—black channery sandy loam

Subsurface layer:

8 to 12 inches—brown very channery sandy loam

Subsoil:

12 to 15 inches—dark reddish brown very channery sandy loam

15 to 26 inches—strong brown very channery loam

Substratum:

26 to 38 inches—yellowish brown extremely channery loam
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

134

Bedrock:

38 inches—massive, olive gray sandstone

Soil Properties and Qualities

Drainage class: Well drained

Permeability: Moderately rapid

Available water capacity: Very low to moderate

Seasonal high water table: None

Flooding: None

Shrink-swell potential: Low

Hazard of erosion: Very severe or severe

Slope class: Steep or moderately steep

Stoniness: Extremely stony

Rockiness: Nonrocky

Natural fertility: Low

Reaction: In unlimed areas, extremely acid to strongly acid

Organic matter content in the surface layer: High

Surface runoff: High

Depth to bedrock: 20 to 40 inches

Bedrock type: Sandstone

Inclusions

Limiting inclusions:

• Somewhat poorly drained Leatherbark soils

• Soils that have stones covering more than 15 percent of the surface

Nonlimiting inclusions:

• Moderately deep Mandy soils

• Soils with slopes of less than 15 percent

Use and Management

Uses: Most areas of this map unit are wooded.

Cropland

Suitability: Unsuited

Management concerns: Stoniness, erosion, slope, and a short growing season

Pasture and Hayland

Suitability: Unsuited to hay; limited for pasture

Management concerns: Stoniness, erosion, slope, and a short growing season

Management considerations:

• The extreme stoniness restricts the use of most types of farm machinery.

• The short growing season at the higher elevations limits the number of days

animals can graze pasture.

Woodland

Potential productivity: High for red spruce

Management concerns: Seedling mortality, erosion, and plant competition

Management considerations:

• If the timber harvest is planned so that full advantage of the abundant seed supply

is taken, the area will become overstocked and, through competition between the

red spruce in the overstocked areas, the natural thinning process should produce a

fully stocked stand.

• The hazard of erosion can be reduced by establishing wide, streamside filter strips;

controlling surface runoff on roads, trails, and landings through the use of ditches,
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

135

dips, or water bars; seeding bare areas; and establishing haul roads and skid trails

on a gentle grade across the slope.

• Haul roads and skid trails should be built in areas of the included soils that are less

stony and less sandy and where bedrock is at a greater depth. Log landings should

be built in the less sloping included areas.

Community Development

Suitability: Unsuited

Management concerns: Depth to bedrock, large stones, frost action, erosion, and

slope

Interpretive Groups

Land capability classification: 7s

Woodland ordination symbol: 6R

GnC—Gilpin channery silt loam, 8 to 15 percent slopes

Setting

Landscape position: Ridgetops and benches, in the western part of the survey area

Composition

Gilpin soil: 75 percent

Inclusions: 25 percent

Typical Profile

Surface layer:

0 to 2 inches—very dark grayish brown channery silt loam

Subsoil:

2 to 4 inches—brown channery silt loam

4 to 14 inches—yellowish brown channery silt loam

14 to 23 inches—yellowish brown channery silt loam

23 to 26 inches—yellowish brown very channery silt loam

Substratum:

26 to 35 inches—yellowish brown extremely channery silt loam

Bedrock:

35 inches—highly weathered, grayish brown, fractured siltstone

Soil Properties and Qualities

Drainage class: Well drained

Permeability: Moderate

Available water capacity: Moderate or high

Seasonal high water table: None

Flooding: None

Shrink-swell potential: Low

Hazard of erosion: Severe

Slope class: Strongly sloping

Stoniness: Nonstony

Rockiness: Nonrocky

Natural fertility: Moderate

Reaction: In unlimed areas, very strongly acid to slightly acid

Organic matter content in the surface layer: Moderate
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

136

Surface runoff: High

Depth to bedrock: 20 to 40 inches

Bedrock type: Grayish brown, fractured siltstone and fine grained sandstone

Inclusions

Limiting inclusions:

• Soils that are less than 20 inches deep over bedrock

• Soils with slopes of more than 15 percent

• Dekalb, Lily, and Cookport soils

• Soils that have stones covering more than 0.1 percent of the surface

• Eroded soils

Nonlimiting inclusions:

• Gilpin soils that have a thick, dark surface layer and are in similar landscape

positions

• Soils that are more than 40 inches deep over bedrock

• Soils with slopes of less than 8 percent

Use and Management

Uses: Most areas of this map unit have been cleared and are used for hay and

pasture. Some areas are wooded.

Cropland

Suitability: Suited

Management concerns: Erosion and fertility and tilth

Management considerations:

• Applying a conservation tillage system, cultivating on the contour, applying a crop

rotation that includes hay, and returning crop residue to the soil help to control

erosion and to maintain fertility and tilth in cultivated areas.

Pasture and Hayland

Suitability: Suited

Management concerns: Erosion and overgrazing

Management considerations:

• Proper stocking rates, a rotation grazing system, and deferment of grazing in the

spring until the soil is reasonably firm help to maintain desirable grasses and

legumes.

Woodland

Potential productivity: Moderately high

Management concerns: Erosion on roads, skid trails, and log landings and plant

competition

Management considerations:

• The hazard of erosion can be reduced by establishing roads and trails on a gentle

grade across the slope; controlling surface runoff; seeding roads, skid trails, and log

landings after they are no longer being used; keeping the total mileage of roads and

trails to a minimum; and seeding and mulching bare areas.

• Site preparation following harvest and establishment of the new forest for tree crop

production without delay reduce plant competition.

Community Development

Suitability: Limited

Management concerns: Dwellings with basements—depth to bedrock, the moderate

or high shrink-swell potential, and slope; dwellings without basements—the

moderate or high shrink-swell potential and slope; septic tank absorption fields—

depth to bedrock; local roads and streets—slope, the moderate or high shrinkswell potential, and frost action
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

137

Management considerations:

• Building above the bedrock, landscaping with additional fill material, and designing

dwellings so that they conform to the setting and to the natural slope of the land

help to overcome the slope and depth to bedrock.

• Adding extra reinforcement in footers and backfilling with coarse textured material

help to prevent the structural damage caused by shrinking and swelling on sites for

dwellings.

• Increasing the size of lots so that they include areas of more favorable soils or

installing an alternate system helps to overcome limitations on sites for septic tank

absorption fields.

• Constructing roads and streets on a gentle grade across the slope helps to

overcome the slope on sites for local roads and streets.

• Providing a coarser grained subgrade or base material to the frost depth helps to

prevent the damage caused by shrinking and swelling or by frost action on sites for

local roads and streets.

Interpretive Groups

Land capability classification: 3e

Woodland ordination symbol: 4A

GnD—Gilpin channery silt loam, 15 to 25 percent slopes

Setting

Landscape position: Ridgetops, benches, and side slopes, mainly in the western part

of the survey area

Composition

Gilpin soil: 75 percent

Inclusions: 25 percent

Typical Profile

Surface layer:

0 to 2 inches—very dark grayish brown channery silt loam

Subsoil:

2 to 4 inches—brown channery silt loam

4 to 14 inches—yellowish brown channery silt loam

14 to 23 inches—yellowish brown channery silt loam

23 to 26 inches—yellowish brown very channery silt loam

Substratum:

26 to 35 inches—yellowish brown extremely channery silt loam

Bedrock:

35 inches—highly weathered, grayish brown, fractured siltstone

Soil Properties and Qualities

Drainage class: Well drained

Permeability: Moderate

Available water capacity: Moderate or high

Seasonal high water table: None

Flooding: None

Shrink-swell potential: Low

Hazard of erosion: Severe

Slope class: Moderately steep
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

138

Stoniness: Nonstony

Rockiness: Nonrocky

Natural fertility: Moderate or high

Reaction: In unlimed areas, very strongly acid to slightly acid

Organic matter content in the surface layer: Moderate

Surface runoff: Very high

Depth to bedrock: 20 to 40 inches

Bedrock type: Brown, fractured siltstone

Inclusions

Limiting inclusions:

• Soils that are less than 20 inches deep over bedrock

• Soils with slopes of more than 25 percent

• Dekalb and Lily soils

• Soils that have stones covering more than 0.1 percent of the surface

Nonlimiting inclusions:

• The Gilpin soils that have a thick, dark surface layer and are in similar landscape

positions

• Soils that are more than 40 inches deep over bedrock

• Soils with slopes of less than 15 percent

Use and Management

Uses: Most areas of this map unit have been cleared and are used as pasture.

Some areas are wooded.

Cropland

Suitability: Limited

Management concerns: Erosion and slope

Management considerations:

• Applying a conservation tillage system, cultivating on the contour, applying a crop

rotation that includes hay, and returning crop residue to the soil help to control

erosion and to maintain fertility and tilth.

Pasture and Hayland

Suitability: Suited

Management concerns: Erosion and overgrazing

Management considerations:

• Proper stocking rates, a rotation grazing system, and deferment of grazing in the

spring until the soil is reasonably firm help to maintain desirable grasses and

legumes.

Woodland

Potential productivity: Moderately high

Management concerns: Erosion, slope, and plant competition

Management considerations:

• Establishing roads and trails on a gentle grade across the slope, controlling surface

runoff, seeding roads and trails after they are no longer being used, keeping the

total mileage of roads and trails to a minimum, and seeding and mulching bare

areas help to control erosion.

• Site preparation following harvest and establishment of the new forest for tree crop

production without delay reduce plant competition.

Community Development

Suitability: Limited

Management concerns: Slope, depth to bedrock, and slippage
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

139

Management considerations:

• The included soils that have slopes of less than 15 percent or that are more than 40

inches deep over bedrock have fewer limitations affecting most urban development.

Interpretive Groups

Land capability classification: 4e

Woodland ordination symbol: 4R

GpC—Gilpin channery silt loam, 3 to 15 percent slopes,

very stony

Setting

Landscape position: Ridgetops and benches, in the western half of the survey area

Composition

Gilpin soil: 75 percent

Inclusions: 25 percent

Typical Profile

Surface layer:

0 to 2 inches—very dark grayish brown channery silt loam

Subsoil:

2 to 4 inches—brown channery silt loam

4 to 14 inches—yellowish brown channery silt loam

14 to 23 inches—yellowish brown channery silt loam

23 to 26 inches—yellowish brown very channery silt loam

Substratum:

26 to 35 inches—yellowish brown extremely channery silt loam

Bedrock:

35 inches—highly weathered, grayish brown, fractured siltstone

Soil Properties and Qualities

Drainage class: Well drained

Permeability: Moderate

Available water capacity: Moderate or high

Seasonal high water table: None

Flooding: None

Shrink-swell potential: Low

Hazard of erosion: Moderate or severe

Slope class: Strongly sloping or gently sloping

Stoniness: Very stony

Rockiness: Nonrocky

Natural fertility: Moderate

Reaction: In unlimed areas, very strongly acid to slightly acid

Organic matter content in the surface layer: Moderate

Surface runoff: High

Depth to bedrock: 20 to 40 inches

Bedrock type: Grayish brown, fractured siltstone and fine grained sandstone

Inclusions

Limiting inclusions:

• Soils that are less than 20 inches deep over bedrock

• Soils with slopes of more than 15 percent
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

140

• Dekalb, Lily, and Cookport soils

Nonlimiting inclusions:

• The Gilpin soils that have a thick, dark surface layer and are in similar landscape

positions

• Soils that are more than 40 inches deep over bedrock

• Soils that have stones covering less of the surface

Use and Management

Uses: Most areas of this map unit are wooded.

Cropland

Suitability: Unsuited

Management concerns: Erosion and stoniness

Management considerations:

• The stoniness restricts the use of most types of farm machinery.

Pasture and Hayland

Suitability: Unsuited to hay; suited to pasture

Management concerns: Hayland—stoniness; pasture—erosion and overgrazing

Management considerations:

• Proper stocking rates and a rotation grazing system help to maintain desirable

grasses and legumes in pastured areas.

Woodland

Potential productivity: Moderately high

Management concerns: Erosion on roads, skid trails, and log landings and plant

competition

Management considerations:

• Establishing roads and trails on a gentle grade across the slope and seeding and

mulching bare areas help to control erosion.

• Site preparation following harvest and establishment of the new forest for tree crop

production without delay reduce plant competition.

Community Development

Suitability: Limited

Management concerns: Dwellings with basements—depth to bedrock and slope;

dwellings without basements—slope; septic tank absorption fields—depth to

bedrock; and local roads and streets—slope and frost action

Management considerations:

• Building above the bedrock, landscaping with additional fill material, and designing

dwellings so that they conform to the setting and to the natural slope of the land

help to overcome the slope and the depth to bedrock.

• Adding extra reinforcement in footers and backfilling with coarse textured material

help to prevent the structural damage caused by shrinking and swelling.

• Increasing the size of lots so that they include areas of more favorable soils or

installing an alternate system helps to overcome the limitations on sites for septic

tank absorption fields.

• Constructing roads and streets on a gentle grade across the slope helps to

overcome the slope on sites for local roads and streets.

• Providing a coarser grained subgrade or base material to the frost depth helps to

prevent the damage caused by shrinking and swelling and by frost action on sites

for local roads and streets.

Interpretive Groups

Land capability classification: 6s

Woodland ordination symbol: 4A
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

141

GpE—Gilpin channery silt loam, 15 to 35 percent slopes,

very stony

Setting

Landscape position: Ridgetops, benches, and side slopes, in the western half of the

survey area

Composition

Gilpin soil: 75 percent

Inclusions: 25 percent

Typical Profile

Surface layer:

0 to 2 inches—very dark grayish brown channery silt loam

Subsoil:

2 to 4 inches—brown channery silt loam

4 to 14 inches—yellowish brown channery silt loam

14 to 23 inches—yellowish brown channery silt loam

23 to 26 inches—yellowish brown very channery silt loam

Substratum:

26 to 35 inches—yellowish brown extremely channery silt loam

Bedrock:

35 inches—highly weathered, grayish brown, fractured siltstone

Soil Properties and Qualities

Drainage class: Well drained

Permeability: Moderate

Available water capacity: Moderate or high

Seasonal high water table: None

Flooding: None

Shrink-swell potential: Low

Hazard of erosion: Severe or very severe

Slope class: Steep or moderately steep

Stoniness: Very stony

Rockiness: Nonrocky

Natural fertility: Moderate

Reaction: In unlimed areas, very strongly acid to slightly acid

Organic matter content in the surface layer: Moderate

Surface runoff: Very high

Depth to bedrock: 20 to 40 inches

Bedrock type: Grayish brown, fractured siltstone and fine grained sandstone

Inclusions

Limiting inclusions:

• Soils that are less than 20 inches deep over bedrock

• Soils with slopes of more than 35 percent

• Dekalb soils

Nonlimiting inclusions:

• The Gilpin soils that have a thick, dark surface layer and are in similar landscape

positions

• Soils that are more than 40 inches deep over bedrock

• Soils with slopes of less than 15 percent
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

142

• Soils that have stones covering less of the surface

Use and Management

Uses: Most areas of this map unit are wooded.

Cropland

Suitability: Unsuited

Management concerns: Erosion, stoniness, and slope

Management considerations:

• The stoniness and slope restrict the use of most types of farm machinery.

Pasture and Hayland

Suitability: Unsuited to hay; limited for pasture

Management concerns: Stoniness and slope in areas of hayland and erosion and

overgrazing in pastured areas

Management considerations:

• Proper stocking rates and a rotation grazing system help to maintain desirable

grasses and legumes in pastured areas.

Woodland

Potential productivity: Moderately high

Management concerns: Erosion on roads and skid trails, seedling mortality on south

aspects, plant competition, and slope

Management considerations:

• Establishing roads and trails on a gentle grade across the slope, controlling surface

runoff, seeding roads and trails after they are no longer being used, keeping the

total mileage of roads and trails to a minimum, and seeding and mulching bare

areas help to control erosion.

• Planting special nursery stock that is larger than is typical or planting containerized

seedlings will reduce the seedling mortality rate.

• Site preparation following harvest and establishment of the new forest for tree crop

production without delay reduce plant competition.

• The slope is the major limitation affecting most logging operations.

• When timber is harvested, the steepness of slope restricts the use of wheeled and

tracked equipment in skidding operations.

• Cable yarding systems generally are safer and disturb the soil less than wheeled

and tracked equipment.

• Logging roads require suitable surfacing for year-round use.

• Extra stone may need to be added during road construction in order to maintain a

stable, uniform road surface.

• Unsurfaced roads are soft when wet and can be impassable during rainy periods.

• The use of wheeled and tracked equipment when the soil is wet causes excessive

rutting.

• The use of special, low ground pressure equipment when the soil is wet minimizes

damage to the soil.

• Cut and fill slopes along roads are somewhat erodible.

Community Development

Suitability: Limited

Management concerns: Slope, depth to bedrock, and slippage

Management considerations:

• Areas of included soils that have slopes of less than 15 percent or that are more

than 40 inches deep over bedrock have fewer limitations affecting most urban

development.
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

143

Interpretive Groups

Land capability classification: 7s

Woodland ordination symbol: 4R

Ho—Holly silt loam

Setting

Landscape position: Flood plains

Composition

Holly soil: 90 percent

Inclusions: 10 percent

Typical Profile

Surface layer:

0 to 4 inches—very dark gray silt loam with dark brown redoximorphic concentrations

Subsoil:

4 to 9 inches—dark gray silt loam with dark yellowish brown and dark brown

redoximorphic concentrations

9 to 11 inches—dark gray sandy loam with dark gray redoximorphic concentrations

11 to 15 inches—dark gray silt loam with dark brown redoximorphic concentrations

15 to 21 inches—grayish brown silt loam with dark yellowish brown, yellowish brown,

and brown redoximorphic concentrations

21 to 42 inches—light brownish gray silt loam with dark yellowish brown and brown

redoximorphic concentrations

Substratum:

42 to 44 inches—grayish brown sandy loam with brown redoximorphic concentrations

44 to 52 inches—gray silt loam with dark brown and strong brown redoximorphic

concentrations

52 to 54 inches—grayish brown sandy loam with brown, yellowish brown, and dark

brown redoximorphic concentrations

54 to 65 inches—gray silt loam with yellowish brown redoximorphic concentrations

Soil Properties and Qualities

Drainage class: Poorly drained

Permeability: Moderately slow or moderate

Available water capacity: High

Seasonal high water table: Within a depth of 1.0 foot

Flooding: Frequent

Shrink-swell potential: Low

Hazard of erosion: Slight

Slope class: Nearly level

Stoniness: None

Rockiness: None

Natural fertility: Moderate or high

Reaction: In unlimed areas, moderately acid or slightly acid in the surface layer and

substratum and strongly acid to slightly acid in the subsoil

Organic matter content in the surface layer: Moderate

Surface runoff: Very high

Depth to bedrock: More than 65 inches
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

144

Inclusions

Limiting inclusions:

• Soils that have a greater amount of rock fragments on the soil surface and are

along smaller drains

Nonlimiting inclusions:

• Soils that are better drained

Use and Management

Uses: Suited to cultivated crops but is better suited to hay or pasture plants that

tolerate wetness

Cropland

Suitability: Suited

Management concerns: Organic matter content and tilth

Management considerations:

• Minimizing tillage, applying a crop rotation that includes hay, delaying tillage until

the soil is reasonably dry, and returning crop residue to the soil help to increase the

organic matter content and to maintain fertility and tilth in cultivated areas.

Pasture and Hayland

Suitability: Suited

Management concerns: Overgrazing

Management considerations:

• Proper stocking rates that help maintain desirable grasses, a rotation grazing

system, and deferment of grazing in the spring until the soil is reasonably firm are

major pasture management needs.

Woodland

Potential productivity: Moderately high

Management concerns: Plant competition

Management considerations:

• Site preparation following harvest and establishment of the new forest for tree crop

production without delay reduce plant competition.

Community Development

Suitability: Unsuited

Management concerns: Flooding, wetness, slow water movement, and frost action

Management considerations:

• A suitable alternative site should be selected.

Interpretive Groups

Land capability classification: 3w

Woodland ordination symbol: 5W

KxF—Kaymine-Rock outcrop complex, very steep

Setting

Landscape position: Highwalls, benches, and outslopes, mostly on mountain side

slopes

Note: The Kaymine soil and areas of Rock outcrop could not be mapped separately at

the scale selected for mapping.

Composition

Kaymine soil: 70 percent

Rock outcrop: 15 percent
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

145

Inclusions: 15 percent

Typical Profile

Kaymine

Surface layer:

0 to 5 inches—very dark grayish brown extremely channery loam

Subsurface layer:

5 to 13 inches—dark grayish brown extremely channery loam with dark gray and

yellowish brown mottles

Substratum:

13 to 36 inches—dark grayish brown very channery loam with dark gray and

yellowish brown mottles

36 to 65 inches—dark grayish brown extremely channery loam with dark gray mottles

Rock outcrop

The Rock outcrop consists of exposures of bedrock that have resulted from

surface mining.

Soil Properties and Qualities

Drainage class: Well drained

Permeability: Moderate or moderately rapid

Available water capacity: Low to high

Seasonal high water table: None

Flooding: None

Shrink-swell potential: Low

Hazard of erosion: Very severe to moderate

Slope: Very steep

Stoniness: Very stony

Rockiness: Very rocky

Natural fertility: Moderate

Reaction: Medium acid to slightly alkaline

Organic matter content in the surface layer: Low

Surface runoff: Kaymine—medium; Rock outcrop—very high

Depth to bedrock: More than 60 inches

Inclusions

Limiting inclusions:

• Soils with bedrock at a depth of less than 60 inches

• Small wet areas on benches

• Areas that have more than 3 percent of the surface covered with stones or boulders

Nonlimiting inclusions:

• Areas that have less than 0.1 percent of the surface covered with stones or

boulders

Use and Management

Uses: Most areas of this map unit are wooded. Some reclaimed bench areas are in

grasses and legumes. The areas of Rock outcrop are generally barren.

Cropland

Suitability: Unsuited

Management concerns: Slope, erosion, and stoniness

Pasture and Hayland

Suitability: Unsuited to hay; limited for pasture
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

146

Management concerns: Slope, erosion, overgrazing, and stoniness

Management considerations:

• Deferred grazing, a rotation grazing system, applications of lime and fertilizer as

needed, and planting desirable species help to establish and maintain good forage

production and to control erosion.

Woodland

Potential productivity: Moderately high

Management concerns: Seedling mortality, slope, and erosion

Management considerations:

• Constructing roads on a gentle grade across the slope and revegetating disturbed

areas help to control erosion.

Community Development

Suitability: Limited

Management concerns: Stones and boulders, very steep outslopes, the potential for

differential settling, and rock outcrop

Management considerations:

• Onsite investigation and testing are needed to determine the limitations and

potentials of this unit for most urban uses.

Interpretive Groups

Land capability classification: Kaymine—7s; Rock outcrop—8s

Woodland ordination symbol: 4R

LcC—Leatherbark silt loam, 0 to 15 percent slopes, very

stony

Setting

Landscape position: Broad ridgetops and benches, at the higher elevations west of

the Greenbrier River

Composition

Leatherbark soil: 85 percent

Inclusions: 15 percent

Typical Profile

Surface layer:

0 to 2 inches—forest litter

2 to 4 inches—very dark brown silt loam

Subsurface layer:

4 to 7 inches—grayish brown silt loam

Subsoil:

7 to 11 inches—yellowish brown silty clay loam with gray redoximorphic depletions

and yellowish brown redoximorphic concentrations

11 to 20 inches—brownish yellow silty clay loam with brownish yellow redoximorphic

concentrations and light brownish gray redoximorphic depletions

20 to 37 inches—light olive brown channery silt loam with grayish brown

redoximorphic depletions and dark yellowish brown and yellowish brown

redoximorphic concentrations

Substratum:

37 to 40 inches—dark brown very channery silt loam with gray redoximorphic

depletions and yellowish brown redoximorphic concentrations
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

147

Bedrock:

40 inches—black, gray, and reddish brown, fractured siltstone and shale

Soil Properties and Qualities

Drainage class: Somewhat poorly drained

Permeability: Moderately slow

Available water capacity: Moderate

Depth to seasonal high water table: 0.5 to 1.0 foot

Flooding: None

Shrink-swell potential: Low

Hazard of erosion: Severe to slight

Slope class: Strongly sloping to nearly level

Stoniness: Very stony

Rockiness: Nonrocky

Natural fertility: Low

Reaction: Extremely acid to strongly acid

Organic matter content in the surface layer: Moderate

Surface runoff: Very high

Depth to bedrock: 20 to 40 inches

Bedrock: Siltstone and shale

Inclusions

Limiting inclusions:

• Soils that have stones covering more than 3 percent of the surface

• Poorly drained soils

• Soils that have slopes of more than 15 percent

Nonlimiting inclusions:

• Well drained Gauley soils

• Well drained Mandy soils

• Soils that are deeper and have redoximorphic features lower in the profile

• Soils that have stones covering less than 0.1 percent of the surface

Use and Management

Uses: Most areas of this map unit are wooded.

Cropland

Suitability: Unsuited

Management concerns: Erosion and stoniness

Pasture and Hayland

Suitability: Unsuited to hay; suited to pasture

Management concerns: Erosion, stoniness, and overgrazing

Management considerations:

• Proper stocking rates that help to maintain desirable grasses and legumes and a

rotation grazing system are major pasture management needs.

Woodland

Potential productivity: High

Management concerns: Plant competition and wetness

Management considerations:

• Site preparation following harvest and establishment of the new forest for tree crop

production without delay reduce plant competition.

• Logging should be deferred during wet seasons until the soil is reasonably firm.

• Applying gravel to the surface of the main roads helps to minimize the effects of the

wetness.
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

148

Community Development

Suitability: Limited

Management concerns: Wetness and depth to bedrock

Management considerations:

• The included Mandy soils have fewer limitations affecting urban development.

Interpretive Groups

Land capability classification: 6s

Woodland ordination symbol: 7W

LgB—Lily sandy loam, 3 to 8 percent slopes

Setting

Landscape position: Upland flats, east and west of the Greenbrier Valley

Composition

Lily soil: 85 percent

Inclusions: 15 percent

Typical Profile

Surface layer:

0 to 3 inches—dark brown sandy loam

Subsurface layer:

3 to 8 inches—dark yellowish brown fine sandy loam

Subsoil:

8 to 11 inches—dark yellowish brown fine sandy loam

11 to 25 inches—yellowish brown loam

Substratum:

25 to 33 inches—strong brown loamy sand

Bedrock:

33 inches—very pale brown, strong brown, and yellow, fine grained

sandstone

Soil Properties and Qualities

Drainage class: Well drained

Permeability: Moderately rapid

Available water capacity: Moderate or high

Seasonal high water table: None

Flooding: None

Shrink-swell potential: Low

Hazard of erosion: Low

Slope class: Gently sloping

Stoniness: Nonstony

Rockiness: Nonrocky

Natural fertility: Low

Reaction: Extremely acid to strongly acid

Organic matter content in the surface layer: Moderate

Surface runoff: Medium

Depth to bedrock: 20 to 40 inches

Bedrock: Sandstone
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

149

Inclusions

Limiting inclusions:

• Soils that are less than 20 inches deep over bedrock

• Moderately well drained Fenwick soils

• Soils that have stones covering 1 to 3 percent of the surface

• Soils with slopes of more than 8 percent

Nonlimiting inclusions:

• Moderately deep Berks and Dekalb soils

• Soils that are more than 40 inches deep over bedrock

Use and Management

Uses: This map unit is used as cropland, hayland, pasture, or woodland or, in some

areas northeast of Lewisburg, for urban development.

Cropland

Suitability: Suited

Management concerns: Erosion

Management considerations:

• Applying a conservation tillage system, cultivating on the contour, applying a crop

rotation that includes hay, and returning crop residue to the soil help to control

erosion and to maintain fertility and tilth.

Pasture and Hayland

Suitability: Suited

Management concerns: Erosion, overgrazing, and a water supply for livestock

Management considerations:

• Proper stocking rates, a rotation grazing system, and deferred grazing in the

spring until the ground is reasonably firm help to maintain desirable grasses and

legumes.

• Developing springs or building ponds helps to supply water for livestock.

Woodland

Potential productivity: Moderate

Management concerns: Erosion and low strength

Management considerations:

• The use of special, low ground pressure equipment when the soil is wet minimizes

damage to the soil.

• Seeding roads, skid trails, and log landings after they are no longer being used and

keeping the total mileage of roads and skid trails to a minimum help to control

erosion.

Community Development

Suitability: Suited

Management concerns: Depth to bedrock and potential failure of septic tank

absorption fields

Management considerations:

• Choosing areas of the deepest included soils as building sites, building on the

bedrock, and landscaping with additional fill material help to overcome the depth to

bedrock.

• Choosing areas of the deepest soils as sites for septic tank absorption fields,

installing the absorption field on the contour, and enlarging the absorption field help

to overcome the limitations affecting septic tank absorption fields.
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

150

Interpretive Groups

Land capability classification: 2e

Woodland ordination symbol: 3A

LgC—Lily sandy loam, 8 to 15 percent slopes

Setting

Landscape position: Upland flats, east and west of the Greenbrier Valley

Composition

Lily soil: 85 percent

Inclusions: 15 percent

Typical Profile

Surface layer:

0 to 3 inches—dark brown sandy loam

Subsurface layer:

3 to 8 inches—dark yellowish brown fine sandy loam

Subsoil:

8 to 11 inches—dark yellowish brown fine sandy loam

11 to 25 inches—yellowish brown loam

Substratum:

25 to 33 inches—strong brown loamy sand

Bedrock:

33 inches—very pale brown, strong brown, and yellow, fine grained sandstone

Soil Properties and Qualities

Drainage class: Well drained

Permeability: Moderately rapid

Available water capacity: Moderate or high

Seasonal high water table: None

Flooding: None

Shrink-swell potential: Low

Hazard of erosion: Severe in unprotected areas

Slope class: Strongly sloping

Stoniness: Nonstony

Rockiness: Nonrocky

Natural fertility: Low

Reaction: Extremely acid to strongly acid

Organic matter content in the surface layer: Moderate

Surface runoff: Medium

Depth to bedrock: 20 to 40 inches

Bedrock: Sandstone

Inclusions

Limiting inclusions:

• The moderately deep Berks and Dekalb soils

• Soils with slopes of more than 15 percent

• Soils that are less than 20 inches deep over bedrock
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

151

• Moderately well drained Fenwick soils

• Soils that have stones covering 1 to 3 percent of the surface

Nonlimiting inclusions:

• Soils that are more than 40 inches deep over bedrock

• Soils with slopes of less than 8 percent

Use and Management

Uses: Most of this map unit is used as woodland. Some areas are used as cropland,

hayland, or pasture. Other areas, northeast of Lewisburg, are used for urban

development.

Cropland

Suitability: Suited

Management concerns: Erosion

Management considerations:

• Applying a conservation tillage system, cultivating on the contour, applying a crop

rotation that includes hay, and returning crop residue to the soil help to control

erosion and to maintain fertility and tilth.

Pasture and Hayland

Suitability: Suited

Management concerns: Erosion, overgrazing, and a water supply for livestock

Management considerations:

• Proper stocking rates, a rotation grazing system, and deferred grazing in the

spring until the ground is reasonably firm help to maintain desirable grasses and

legumes.

• Developing springs or building ponds helps to supply water for livestock.

Woodland

Potential productivity: Moderate

Management concerns: Slope, erosion, and low strength

Management considerations:

• The use of special, low ground pressure equipment when the soil is wet minimizes

damage to the soil.

• Seeding roads, skid trails, and log landings after they are no longer being used and

keeping the total mileage of roads and skid trails to a minimum help to control

erosion.

Community Development

Suitability: Suited

Management concerns: Depth to bedrock, slope, and the potential failure of septic

tank absorption fields

Management considerations:

• Choosing areas of the deepest included soils as building sites, building on the

bedrock, and landscaping with additional fill material help to overcome the depth to

bedrock.

• Choosing areas of the deepest included soils as sites for septic tank absorption

fields, installing the absorption field on the contour, and enlarging the absorption

field help to overcome the limitations affecting septic tank absorption fields.

Interpretive Groups

Land capability classification: 3e

Woodland ordination symbol: 3A
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

152

LhE—Lily sandy loam, 15 to 35 percent slopes, very stony

Setting

Landscape position: Upland ridges and side slopes, west of the Greenbrier Valley

Composition

Lily soil: 80 percent

Inclusions: 20 percent

Typical Profile

Surface layer:

0 to 3 inches—dark brown sandy loam

Subsurface layer:

3 to 8 inches—dark yellowish brown fine sandy loam

Subsoil:

8 to 11 inches—dark yellowish brown fine sandy loam

11 to 25 inches—yellowish brown loam

Substratum:

25 to 33 inches—strong brown loamy sand

Bedrock:

33 inches—very pale brown, strong brown, and yellow, fine grained sandstone

Soil Properties and Qualities

Drainage class: Well drained

Permeability: Moderately rapid

Available water capacity: Moderate or high

Seasonal high water table: None

Flooding: None

Shrink-swell potential: Low

Hazard of erosion: Severe in unprotected areas

Slope class: Steep or moderately steep

Stoniness: Very stony

Rockiness: Nonrocky

Natural fertility: Low

Reaction: Extremely acid to strongly acid

Organic matter content in the surface layer: Moderate

Surface runoff: High

Depth to bedrock: 20 to 40 inches

Bedrock: Sandstone

Inclusions

Limiting inclusions:

• Dekalb soils

• Berks soils

Nonlimiting inclusions:

• Soils that have stones covering less of the surface

Use and Management

Uses: This map unit is used as pasture or woodland.

Cropland

Suitability: Unsuited
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

153

Management concerns: Erosion and stoniness

Management considerations:

• The slope and stoniness restrict the use of most types of farm machinery.

Pasture and Hayland

Suitability: Unsuited to hay; limited for pasture

Management concerns: Erosion and overgrazing

Management considerations:

• Proper stocking rates that help to maintain desirable grasses and legumes and a

rotation grazing system are major pasture management needs.

Woodland

Potential productivity: Moderate

Management concerns: Slope and erosion

Management considerations:

• Establishing roads and skid trails on a gentle grade across the slope and installing

water bars help to control surface runoff.

• The use of special, low ground pressure equipment when the soil is wet minimizes

damage to the soil.

• Seeding roads, skid trails, and log landings after they are no longer being used and

keeping the total mileage of roads and skid trails to a minimum help to control

erosion.

Community Development

Suitability: Unsuited

Management concerns: Slope, depth to bedrock, and stones

Management considerations:

• The included soils that are less sloping, deeper to bedrock, and have fewer stones

on the surface are better suited to urban development.

Interpretive Groups

Land capability classification: 6s

Woodland ordination symbol: 7R for north aspects and 3R for south aspects

Lo—Lobdell silt loam

Setting

Landscape position: Flood plains

Composition

Lobdell soil: 75 percent

Inclusions: 25 percent

Typical Profile

Surface layer:

0 to 10 inches—dark brown silt loam

Subsoil:

10 to 19 inches—dark yellowish brown loam

19 to 28 inches—dark yellowish brown loam with grayish brown redoximorphic

depletions and yellowish brown redoximorphic concentrations

Substratum:

28 to 47 inches—light olive brown sandy loam with grayish brown redoximorphic

depletions and strong brown redoximorphic concentrations
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

154

47 to 65 inches—yellowish brown very gravelly silt loam with grayish brown and olive

brown redoximorphic depletions and yellowish brown redoximorphic

concentrations

Soil Properties and Qualities

Drainage class: Moderately well drained

Permeability: Moderate

Available water capacity: High

Depth to the seasonal high water table: 1.5 to 2.0 feet

Flooding: Occasional

Shrink-swell potential: Low

Hazard of erosion: Slight

Slope class: Nearly level

Stoniness: Nonstony

Rockiness: Nonrocky

Natural fertility: Moderate or high

Reaction: In unlimed areas, strongly acid to neutral in the surface layer and subsoil

and moderately acid to neutral in the substratum

Organic matter content in the surface layer: Moderate

Surface runoff: Low

Depth to bedrock: More than 65 inches

Inclusions

Limiting inclusions:

• Poorly drained Holly soils

• Somewhat poorly drained soils

• Soils that have a gravelly or cobbly surface

• Somewhat excessively drained Potomac soils

Nonlimiting inclusions:

• Well drained Tioga soils

Use and Management

Uses: Most areas of this map unit are used for cultivated crops or hay. A few areas

are used for pasture or woodland.

Cropland

Suitability: Suited

Management concerns: Organic matter content and tilth

Management considerations:

• Minimizing tillage, planting cover crops, and including grasses and legumes in the

cropping sequence help to increase the organic matter content, maintain fertility

and tilth, and control erosion in cultivated areas.

Pasture and Hayland

Suitability: Suited

Management concerns: Establishing and maintaining a mixture of grasses and

legumes and applying proper grazing management

Management considerations:

• Proper stocking rates, a rotation grazing system, and deferment of grazing in the

spring help to maintain desirable grasses and legumes.

Woodland

Potential productivity: Moderately high

Management concerns: Plant competition and soil strength
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

155

Management considerations:

• Site preparation following harvest and establishment of the new forest for tree crop

production without delay reduce plant competition.

• Haul roads, skid trails, and logging areas may need to be graveled because of the

limited soil strength.

Community Development

Suitability: Unsuited

Management concerns: Flooding and ground-water pollution

Management considerations:

• A suitable alternative site should be selected.

Interpretive Groups

Land capability classification: 2w

Woodland ordination symbol: 5A

MaB—Macove channery silt loam, 3 to 8 percent slopes

Setting

Landscape position: Footslopes, benches, and alluvial fans

Composition

Macove soil: 85 percent

Inclusions: 15 percent

Typical Profile

Surface layer:

0 to 1 inch—forest litter

1 to 2 inches—dark brown channery silt loam

Subsurface layer:

2 to 5 inches—brown channery loam

Subsoil:

5 to 8 inches—yellowish brown channery silt loam

8 to 15 inches—yellowish brown very channery silt loam

15 to 24 inches—yellowish brown very channery silty clay loam

24 to 38 inches—strong brown very channery silty clay loam

38 to 66 inches—brown extremely channery silty clay loam

Soil Properties and Qualities

Drainage class: Well drained

Permeability: Moderately rapid

Available water capacity: Moderate

Seasonal high water table: None

Flooding: None

Shrink-swell potential: Low

Hazard of erosion: Moderate

Slope class: Gently sloping

Stoniness: Nonstony

Rockiness: Nonrocky

Natural fertility: Low or moderate

Reaction: In unlimed areas, very strongly acid or strongly acid
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

156

Organic matter content in the surface layer: Moderate

Surface runoff: Low

Depth to bedrock: More than 65 inches

Inclusions

Limiting inclusions:

• Moderately deep Berks soils

• Shallow Weikert soils

• Moderately well drained soils

• Soils with slopes of more than 8 percent

Nonlimiting inclusions:

• Very deep Allegheny soils

Use and Management

Uses: Most areas of this map unit are used for cultivated crops or hay. A few areas

are used for pasture or woodland.

Cropland

Suitability: Suited

Management concerns: Erosion and tilth

Management considerations:

• Applying a conservation tillage system, cultivating on the contour, applying a crop

rotation that includes hay, and returning crop residue to the soil help to control

erosion and to maintain fertility and tilth.

Pasture and Hayland

Suitability: Suited

Management concerns: Erosion and overgrazing

Management considerations:

• Proper stocking rates that help to maintain desirable grasses and legumes and a

rotation grazing system are major pasture management needs.

Woodland

Potential productivity: Moderately high

Management concerns: Erosion and plant competition

Management considerations:

• Establishing roads and trails on a gentle grade across the slope and seeding and

mulching bare areas help to control erosion.

• Site preparation following harvest and establishment of the new forest for tree crop

production without delay reduce plant competition.

Community Development

Suitability: Limited

Management concerns: Large stones

Management considerations:

• Sites for septic tank absorption fields should be backfilled with material that

contains fewer stones.

• Excavating the sites for dwellings with and without basements helps to overcome

the stoniness.

• The stones should be removed during the construction of roads and streets.

Interpretive Groups

Land capability classification: 2e

Woodland ordination symbol: 4F
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

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MaC—Macove channery silt loam, 8 to 15 percent slopes

Setting

Landscape position: Footslopes, benches, and alluvial fans

Composition

Macove soil: 85 percent

Inclusions: 15 percent

Typical Profile

Surface layer:

0 to 1 inch—forest litter

1 to 2 inches—dark brown channery silt loam

Subsurface layer:

2 to 5 inches—brown channery loam

Subsoil:

5 to 8 inches—yellowish brown channery silt loam

8 to 15 inches—yellowish brown very channery silt loam

15 to 24 inches—yellowish brown very channery silty clay loam

24 to 38 inches—strong brown very channery silty clay loam

38 to 66 inches—brown extremely channery silty clay loam

Soil Properties and Qualities

Drainage class: Well drained

Permeability: Moderately rapid

Available water capacity: Moderate

Seasonal high water table: None

Flooding: None

Shrink-swell potential: Low

Hazard of erosion: Severe

Slope class: Strongly sloping

Stoniness: Nonstony

Rockiness: Nonrocky

Natural fertility: Low or moderate

Reaction: In unlimed areas, very strongly acid or strongly acid

Organic matter content in the surface layer: Moderate

Surface runoff: Low

Depth to bedrock: More than 65 inches

Inclusions

Limiting inclusions:

• Moderately deep Berks soils

• Shallow Weikert soils

• Moderately well drained soils

• Soils with slopes of more than 15 percent

Nonlimiting inclusions:

• Very deep Allegheny soils

• Soils with slopes of less than 8 percent

Use and Management

Uses: Most areas of this map unit are used for hay and pasture. A few areas are

used for cultivated crops or woodland.
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

158

Cropland

Suitability: Suited

Management concerns: Erosion and tilth

Management considerations:

• Applying a conservation tillage system, cultivating on the contour, applying a crop

rotation that includes hay, and returning crop residue to the soil help to control

erosion and to maintain fertility and tilth.

Pasture and Hayland

Suitability: Suited

Management concerns: Erosion and overgrazing

Management considerations:

• Proper stocking rates that help to maintain desirable grasses and legumes and a

rotation grazing system are major pasture management needs.

Woodland

Potential productivity: Moderately high

Management concerns: Erosion and plant competition

Management considerations:

• Establishing roads and trails on a gentle grade across the slope and seeding and

mulching bare areas help to control erosion.

• Site preparation following harvest and establishment of the new forest for tree crop

production without delay reduce plant competition.

Community Development

Suitability: Limited

Management concerns: Large stones and slope

Management considerations:

• Land shaping, installing the distribution lines across the slope, or installing the lines

in areas of the less sloping included soils helps to overcome the limitations on sites

for septic tank absorption fields.

• Sites for septic tank absorption fields should be backfilled with material that

contains fewer stones.

• Land shaping, designing dwellings so that they conform to the setting and to the

natural shape of the land, and removing the large stones during excavation of soil

material help to overcome the limitations on sites for dwellings with or without

basements.

• Constructing local roads and streets on the contour, land shaping and grading,

adapting the design of the roads to the natural slope of the land, and removing the

large stones help to overcome the limitations affecting local roads and streets.

Interpretive Groups

Land capability classification: 3e

Woodland ordination symbol: 4F

MaD—Macove channery silt loam, 15 to 25 percent

slopes

Setting

Landscape position: Footslopes, benches, and alluvial fans

Composition

Macove soil: 80 percent

Inclusions: 20 percent
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

159

Typical Profile

Surface layer:

0 to 1 inch—forest litter

1 to 2 inches—dark brown channery silt loam

Subsurface layer:

2 to 5 inches—brown channery loam

Subsoil:

5 to 8 inches—yellowish brown channery silt loam

8 to 15 inches—yellowish brown very channery silt loam

15 to 24 inches—yellowish brown very channery silty clay loam

24 to 38 inches—strong brown very channery silty clay loam

38 to 66 inches—brown extremely channery silty clay loam

Soil Properties and Qualities

Drainage class: Well drained

Permeability: Moderately rapid

Available water capacity: Moderate

Seasonal high water table: None

Flooding: None

Shrink-swell potential: Low

Hazard of erosion: Severe

Slope class: Moderately steep

Stoniness: Nonstony

Rockiness: Nonrocky

Natural fertility: Low or moderate

Reaction: In unlimed areas, very strongly acid or strongly acid

Organic matter content in the surface layer: Moderate

Surface runoff: Medium

Depth to bedrock: More than 65 inches

Inclusions

Limiting inclusions:

• Moderately deep Berks soils

• Shallow Weikert soils

• Moderately well drained soils

• Soils with slopes of more than 25 percent

Nonlimiting inclusions:

• Soils with slopes of less than 15 percent

Use and Management

Uses: Most areas of this map unit are used for hay and pasture. A few areas are

used for cultivated crops or woodland.

Cropland

Suitability: Limited

Management concerns: Erosion and tilth

Management considerations:

• Applying a conservation tillage system, cultivating on the contour, applying a crop

rotation that includes hay, and returning crop residue to the soil help to control

erosion and to maintain fertility and tilth.

Pasture and Hayland

Suitability: Suited
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

160

Management concerns: Erosion and overgrazing

Management considerations:

• Proper stocking rates that help to maintain desirable grasses and legumes and a

rotation grazing system are major pasture management needs.

Woodland

Potential productivity: Moderately high on north aspects and moderate on south

aspects

Management concerns: Erosion, slope, and soil strength

Management considerations:

• The hazard of erosion can be reduced by maintaining streamside filter strips;

controlling surface runoff on roads and landings through the use of ditches, dips, or

water bars; seeding bare areas; and constructing haul roads and skid roads on a

gentle grade across the slope.

• Excavation of sites for haul roads, major skid roads, and landings helps to

overcome the slope.

• Where feasible, landings should be located in areas of the less sloping included

soils.

• Roads should not be used during wet periods unless they have been strengthened

with gravel because rut formation is a hazard.

Community Development

Suitability: Limited

Management concerns: Large stones and slope

Management considerations:

• Land shaping, installing the distribution lines across the slope, or installing the lines

in an area of the less sloping included soils helps to overcome the limitations

affecting septic tank absorption fields.

• Sites for septic tank absorption fields should be backfilled with material that

contains few stones.

• Land shaping, designing dwellings so that they conform to the setting and to the

natural shape of the land, and removing the large stones during excavation of soil

material help to overcome the limitations on sites for dwellings with or without

basements.

• Constructing local roads and streets on the contour, land shaping and grading,

adapting the design of the roads to the natural slope of the land, and removing the

large stones help to overcome the limitations affecting local roads and streets.

Interpretive Groups

Land capability classification: 4e

Woodland ordination symbol: 4F on north aspects and 3F on south aspects

McC—Macove channery silt loam, 3 to 15 percent slopes,

very stony

Setting

Landscape position: Footslopes, benches, and alluvial fans

Composition

Macove soil: 80 percent

Inclusions: 20 percent

Typical Profile

Surface layer:

0 to 1 inch—forest litter
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

161

1 to 2 inches—dark brown channery silt loam

Subsurface layer:

2 to 5 inches—brown channery loam

Subsoil:

5 to 8 inches—yellowish brown channery silt loam

8 to 15 inches—yellowish brown very channery silt loam

15 to 24 inches—yellowish brown very channery silty clay loam

24 to 38 inches—strong brown very channery silty clay loam

38 to 66 inches—brown extremely channery silty clay loam

Soil Properties and Qualities

Drainage class: Well drained

Permeability: Moderately rapid

Available water capacity: Moderate

Seasonal high water table: None

Flooding: None

Shrink-swell potential: Low

Hazard of erosion: Moderate or severe

Slope class: Strongly sloping or gently sloping

Stoniness: Very stony

Rockiness: Nonrocky

Natural fertility: Low or moderate

Reaction: In unlimed areas, very strongly acid or strongly acid

Organic matter content in the surface layer: Moderate

Surface runoff: Low

Depth to bedrock: More than 65 inches

Inclusions

Limiting inclusions:

• Moderately deep Berks soils

• Shallow Weikert soils

• Moderately well drained soils

• Soils with slopes of more than 15 percent

• Soils that have stones covering more than 3 percent of the surface

Nonlimiting inclusions:

• Very deep Allegheny soils

• Soils that have stones covering less than 0.1 percent of the surface

Use and Management

Uses: Most areas of this map unit are wooded. Some are used as pasture.

Cropland

Suitability: Unsuited

Management concerns: Stoniness and erosion

Pasture and Hayland

Suitability: Unsuited to hay; suited to pasture

Management concerns: Stoniness, erosion, and overgrazing

Management considerations:

• Proper stocking rates that help to maintain desirable grasses and legumes and a

rotation grazing system are major pasture management needs.

Woodland

Potential productivity: Moderately high
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

162

Management concerns: Erosion and plant competition

Management considerations:

• Establishing roads and trails on a gentle grade across the slope and seeding and

mulching bare areas help to control erosion.

• Site preparation following harvest and establishment of the new forest for tree crop

production without delay reduce plant competition.

Community Development

Suitability: Limited

Management concerns: Large stones and slope

Management considerations:

• Land shaping, installing the distribution lines across the slope, or installing the lines

in an area of the less sloping, included soils helps to overcome the limitations on

sites for septic tank absorption fields.

• Sites for septic tank absorption fields should be backfilled with material that

contains fewer stones.

• Land shaping, designing dwellings so that they conform to the setting and to the

natural shape of the land, and removing the large stones during excavation of soil

material help to overcome the limitations on sites for dwellings with or without

basements.

• Constructing local roads and streets on the contour, land shaping and grading,

adapting the design of the roads to the natural slope of the land, and removing the

large stones help to overcome the limitations affecting local roads and streets.

Interpretive Groups

Land capability classification: 6s

Woodland ordination symbol: 4F

McE—Macove channery silt loam, 15 to 35 percent slopes,

very stony

Setting

Landscape position: Footslopes, benches, and alluvial fans

Composition

Macove soil: 75 percent

Inclusions: 25 percent

Typical Profile

Surface layer:

0 to 1 inch—forest litter

1 to 2 inches—dark brown channery silt loam

Subsurface layer:

2 to 5 inches—brown channery loam

Subsoil:

5 to 8 inches—yellowish brown channery silt loam

8 to 15 inches—yellowish brown very channery silt loam

15 to 24 inches—yellowish brown very channery silty clay loam

24 to 38 inches—strong brown very channery silty clay loam

38 to 66 inches—brown extremely channery silty clay loam

Soil Properties and Qualities

Drainage class: Well drained
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

163

Permeability: Moderately rapid

Available water capacity: Moderate

Seasonal high water table: None

Flooding: None

Shrink-swell potential: Low

Hazard of erosion: Very severe

Slope class: Steep or moderately steep

Stoniness: Very stony

Rockiness: Nonrocky

Natural fertility: Low or moderate

Reaction: In unlimed areas, very strongly acid or strongly acid

Organic matter content in the surface layer: Moderate

Surface runoff: Medium

Depth to bedrock: More than 65 inches

Inclusions

Limiting inclusions:

• Moderately deep Berks soils

• Shallow Weikert soils

• Moderately well drained soils

• Soils with slopes of more than 35 percent

• Soils that have stones covering more than 3 percent of the surface

Nonlimiting inclusions:

• Soils with slopes of less than 15 percent

• Soils that have stones covering less than 0.1 percent of the surface

Use and Management

Uses: Most areas of this map unit are wooded. Some are used as pasture.

Cropland

Suitability: Unsuited

Management concerns: Stoniness, slope, and erosion

Pasture and Hayland

Suitability: Unsuited to hay; suited to pasture

Management concerns: Stoniness, slope, erosion, and overgrazing

Management considerations:

• Proper stocking rates that help to maintain desirable grasses and legumes and a

rotation grazing system are major pasture management needs.

Woodland

Potential productivity: Moderately high on north aspects and moderate on south

aspects

Management concerns: Erosion, plant competition on north aspects, seedling

mortality on south aspects, slope, and low soil strength

Management considerations:

• Establishing roads and trails on a gentle grade across the slope and seeding and

mulching bare areas help to control erosion.

• Site preparation following harvest and establishment of the new forest for tree crop

production without delay reduce plant competition.

• Planting larger stock or planting containerized seedlings early in the year to take

advantage of spring rains will help reduce the seedling mortality rate.

• Locating roads, skid trails, and landings in areas of the less sloping included soils

and applying gravel on the surface of haul roads and skid trails help to overcome

the slope and to prevent the damage caused by low soil strength.
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

164

Community Development

Suitability: Limited

Management concerns: Large stones and slope

Management considerations:

• The less sloping included soils that have fewer stones on the surface are better

suited to community development.

Interpretive Groups

Land capability classification: 7s

Woodland ordination symbol: 4F on north aspects and 3F on south aspects

MeF—Macove-Gilpin complex, 35 to 55 percent slopes,

very stony

Setting

Landscape position: Side slopes, in the western half of the survey area

Composition

Macove soil: 55 percent

Gilpin soil: 30 percent

Inclusions: 15 percent

Typical Profile

Macove

Surface layer:

0 to 1 inch—forest litter

1 to 2 inches—dark brown channery silt loam

Subsurface layer:

2 to 5 inches—brown channery loam

Subsoil:

5 to 8 inches—yellowish brown channery silt loam

8 to 15 inches—yellowish brown very channery silt loam

15 to 24 inches—yellowish brown very channery silty clay loam

24 to 38 inches—strong brown very channery silty clay loam

38 to 66 inches—brown extremely channery silty clay loam

Gilpin

Surface layer:

0 to 2 inches—very dark grayish brown channery silt loam

Subsoil:

2 to 4 inches—brown channery silt loam

4 to 14 inches—yellowish brown channery silt loam

14 to 23 inches—yellowish brown channery silt loam

23 to 26 inches—yellowish brown very channery silt loam

Substratum:

26 to 35 inches—yellowish brown extremely channery silt loam

Bedrock:

35 inches—highly weathered, grayish brown, fractured siltstone

Soil Properties and Qualities

Drainage class: Well drained
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

165

Permeability: Macove—moderately rapid; Gilpin—moderate

Available water capacity: Macove—moderate; Gilpin—moderate or high

Seasonal high water table: None

Flooding: None

Shrink-swell potential: Low

Hazard of erosion: Very severe

Slope class: Steep or very steep

Stoniness: Very stony

Rockiness: Nonrocky

Natural fertility: Low or moderate

Reaction: In unlimed areas, strongly acid to slightly acid

Organic matter content in the surface layer: Moderate

Surface runoff: Macove—medium; Gilpin—very high

Depth to bedrock: Macove—more than 65 inches; Gilpin—20 to 40 inches

Bedrock type: Siltstone and fine grained sandstone

Inclusions

Limiting inclusions:

• Soils with slopes of more than 55 percent

• Moderately deep Dekalb soils

Nonlimiting inclusions:

• Deep and very deep, nonskeletal soils and soils with a thick, dark surface layer

• Soils with slopes of less than 35 percent

• Soils that have fewer stones on the surface

Use and Management

Uses: Most areas of this map unit are wooded.

Cropland

Suitability: Unsuited

Management concerns: Erosion, stoniness, and slope

Management considerations:

• The stoniness and slope restrict the use of most types of farm machinery.

Pasture and Hayland

Suitability: Unsuited to hay; limited for pasture

Management concerns: Hay—stoniness and slope; pasture—erosion and overgrazing

Management considerations:

• Proper stocking rates and a rotation grazing system help to maintain desirable

grasses and legumes.

Woodland

Potential productivity: Moderately high

Management concerns: Erosion on roads and skid trails, the seedling mortality rate

on south aspects, plant competition, and slope

Management considerations:

• Establishing roads and trails on a gentle grade across the slope, controlling surface

runoff, seeding roads and trails after they are no longer being used, keeping the

total mileage of roads and trails to a minimum, and seeding and mulching bare

areas help to control erosion.

• Planting special nursery stock that is larger than is typical or planting containerized

seedlings will reduce the seedling mortality rate.

• Site preparation following harvest and establishment of the new forest for tree crop

production without delay reduce plant competition.

• The slope is the major limitation affecting most logging operations.
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

166

• When timber is harvested, the steepness of slope restricts the use of wheeled and

tracked equipment in skidding operations.

• Cable yarding systems generally are safer and disturb the soil less than wheeled

and tracked equipment.

• Logging roads require suitable surfacing for year-round use.

• Extra stone may need to be added during road construction in order to maintain a

stable, uniform road surface.

• Unsurfaced roads are soft when wet and can be impassable during rainy periods.

• The use of wheeled and tracked equipment when the soil is wet causes excessive

rutting.

• The use of special, low ground pressure equipment when the soil is wet minimizes

damage to the soil.

• Cut and fill slopes along roads are somewhat erodible.

Community Development

Suitability: Limited

Management concerns: Slope, depth to bedrock, and slippage

Management considerations:

• Included soils with slopes of less than 15 percent and soils that are more than 40

inches deep over bedrock have fewer limitations affecting most urban development.

Interpretive Groups

Land capability classification: 7s

Woodland ordination symbol: 4R

MkC—Mandy channery silt loam, 3 to 15 percent slopes,

very stony

Setting

Landscape position: Ridgetops and broad benches, at the higher elevations

Composition

Mandy soil: 85 percent

Inclusions: 15 percent

Typical Profile

Surface layer:

0 to 1 inch—forest litter

1 to 4 inches—very dark brown channery silt loam

Subsurface layer:

4 to 6 inches—dark brown channery silt loam

Subsoil:

6 to 10 inches—dark yellowish brown channery silt loam

10 to 29 inches—yellowish brown very channery silt loam

Substratum:

29 to 37 inches—yellowish brown extremely channery silt loam

Bedrock:

37 inches—dark grayish brown siltstone

Soil Properties and Qualities

Drainage class: Well drained

Permeability: Moderate
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

167

Available water capacity: Very low to moderate

Seasonal high water table: None

Flooding: None

Shrink-swell potential: Low

Hazard of erosion: Severe or moderate

Slope class: Strongly sloping or gently sloping

Stoniness: Very stony

Rockiness: Nonrocky

Natural fertility: Low

Reaction: In unlimed areas, extremely acid to strongly acid

Organic matter content in the surface layer: Moderate

Surface runoff: High

Depth to bedrock: 20 to 40 inches

Bedrock type: Siltstone

Inclusions

Limiting inclusions:

• Poorly drained Trussel soils

• Moderately well drained Snowdog soils

• Soils with slopes of more than 15 percent

Nonlimiting inclusions:

• Moderately deep Gauley soils

• Soils with less than 0.1 percent stones on the surface

Use and Management

Uses: Most areas of this map unit are wooded.

Cropland

Suitability: Unsuited

Management concerns: Erosion and stoniness

Pasture and Hayland

Suitability: Unsuited to hay; suited to pasture

Management concerns: Erosion, stoniness, and overgrazing

Management considerations:

• Proper stocking rates that help to maintain desirable grasses and legumes and a

rotation grazing system are major pasture management needs.

Woodland

Potential productivity: Moderately high

Management concerns: Erosion, plant competition, and windthrow

Management considerations:

• Establishing roads and trails on a gentle grade across the slope and seeding and

mulching bare areas help to control erosion.

• Site preparation following harvest and establishment of the new forest for tree crop

production without delay reduce plant competition.

• The periodic salvaging of trees affected by windthrow may be necessary.

Community Development

Suitability: Limited

Management concerns: Stones, depth to bedrock, erosion, and slope

Management considerations:

• Building above the bedrock, landscaping with additional fill material, and designing

dwellings so they conform to the setting and to the natural slope of the land help to

overcome the limitations on sites for dwellings.

• Revegetating during or soon after construction reduces the hazard of erosion.
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

168

• Increasing the size of lots so that they include areas of more favorable soils or

installing an alternate system helps to overcome the limited depth to bedrock on

sites for septic tank absorption fields.

• Constructing roads and streets on a gentle grade across the slope and removing

the stones help to overcome the slope and stoniness on sites for local roads and

streets.

Interpretive Groups

Land capability classification: 6s

Woodland ordination symbol: 4F

MkE—Mandy channery silt loam, 15 to 35 percent slopes,

very stony

Setting

Landscape position: Side slopes and benches, at the higher elevations

Composition

Mandy soil: 80 percent

Inclusions: 20 percent

Typical Profile

Surface layer:

0 to 1 inch—forest litter

1 to 4 inches—very dark brown channery silt loam

Subsurface layer:

4 to 6 inches—dark brown channery silt loam

Subsoil:

6 to 10 inches—dark yellowish brown channery silt loam

10 to 29 inches—yellowish brown very channery silt loam

Substratum:

29 to 37 inches—yellowish brown extremely channery silt loam

Bedrock:

37 inches—dark grayish brown siltstone

Soil Properties and Qualities

Drainage class: Well drained

Permeability: Moderate

Available water capacity: Very low to moderate

Seasonal high water table: None

Flooding: None

Shrink-swell potential: Low

Hazard of erosion: Very severe or severe

Slope class: Steep or moderately steep

Stoniness: Very stony

Rockiness: Nonrocky

Natural fertility: Low

Reaction: In unlimed areas, extremely acid to strongly acid

Organic matter content in the surface layer: Moderate

Surface runoff: Very high

Depth to bedrock: 20 to 40 inches
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

169

Bedrock type: Siltstone

Inclusions

Limiting inclusions:

• Poorly drained Trussel soils

• Moderately well drained Snowdog soils

• Soils with slopes of more than 35 percent

Nonlimiting inclusions:

• Soils with slopes of less than 15 percent

• Soils with less than 0.1 percent stones on the surface

• Soils with sandier textures

Use and Management

Uses: Most areas of this map unit are wooded.

Cropland

Suitability: Unsuited

Management concerns: Erosion, slope, and stoniness

Pasture and Hayland

Suitability: Unsuited to hay; limited for pasture

Management concerns: Erosion, stoniness, slope, and overgrazing

Management considerations:

• Proper stocking rates that help to maintain desirable grasses and legumes and a

rotation grazing system are major pasture management needs.

Woodland

Potential productivity: Moderately high

Management concerns: Erosion, plant competition, and windthrow

Management considerations:

• Establishing roads and trails on a gentle grade across the slope and seeding and

mulching bare areas help to control erosion.

• Site preparation following harvest and establishment of the new forest for tree crop

production without delay reduce plant competition.

• The periodic salvaging of trees affected by windthrow may be necessary.

Community Development

Suitability: Limited

Management concerns: Stones, depth to bedrock, erosion, and slope

Management considerations:

• A suitable alternative site should be selected.

Interpretive Groups

Land capability classification: 7s

Woodland ordination symbol: 4R

MkF—Mandy channery silt loam, 35 to 55 percent slopes,

very stony

Setting

Landscape position: Side slopes, at the higher elevations

Composition

Mandy soil: 80 percent

Inclusions: 20 percent
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

170

Typical Profile

Surface layer:

0 to 1 inch—forest litter

1 to 4 inches—very dark brown channery silt loam

Subsurface layer:

4 to 6 inches—dark brown channery silt loam

Subsoil:

6 to 10 inches—dark yellowish brown channery silt loam

10 to 29 inches—yellowish brown very channery silt loam

Substratum:

29 to 37 inches—yellowish brown extremely channery silt loam

Bedrock:

37 inches—dark grayish brown siltstone

Soil Properties and Qualities

Drainage class: Well drained

Permeability: Moderate

Available water capacity: Very low to moderate

Seasonal high water table: None

Flooding: None

Shrink-swell potential: Low

Hazard of erosion: Very severe

Slope class: Steep or very steep

Stoniness: Very stony

Rockiness: Nonrocky

Natural fertility: Low

Reaction: In unlimed areas, extremely acid to strongly acid

Organic matter content in the surface layer: Moderate

Surface runoff: Very high

Depth to bedrock: 20 to 40 inches

Bedrock type: Siltstone

Inclusions

Limiting inclusions:

• Soils that have stones covering more than 3 percent of the surface

• Moderately well drained Snowdog soils

• Soils with slopes of more than 55 percent

Nonlimiting inclusions:

• Soils with slopes of less than 35 percent

• Soils that have stones covering less than 0.1 percent of the surface

• Soils with sandier textures

Use and Management

Uses: Most areas of this map unit are wooded.

Cropland

Suitability: Unsuited

Management concerns: Erosion, slope, and stoniness

Pasture and Hayland

Suitability: Unsuited to hay; limited for pasture
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

171

Management concerns: Erosion, stoniness, slope, and overgrazing

Management considerations:

• Proper stocking rates that help to maintain desirable grasses and legumes and a

rotation grazing system are major pasture management needs.

Woodland

Potential productivity: Moderately high

Management concerns: Erosion, plant competition, windthrow, and timber harvest

operations

Management considerations:

• Establishing roads and trails on a gentle grade across the slope and seeding and

mulching bare areas help to control erosion.

• Site preparation following harvest and establishment of the new forest for tree crop

production without delay reduce plant competition.

• The periodic salvaging of trees affected by windthrow may be necessary.

• Specialized equipment or management techniques that are adapted to the very

steep slopes should be used when timber is harvested.

Community Development

Suitability: Unsuited

Management concerns: Stones, depth to bedrock, erosion, and slope

Management considerations:

• A suitable alternative site should be selected.

Interpretive Groups

Land capability classification: 7s

Woodland ordination symbol: 4R

MkG—Mandy channery silt loam, 55 to 80 percent slopes,

very stony

Setting

Landscape position: Side slopes, at the higher elevations

Composition

Mandy soil: 80 percent

Inclusions: 20 percent

Typical Profile

Surface layer:

0 to 1 inch—forest litter

1 to 4 inches—very dark brown channery silt loam

Subsurface layer:

4 to 6 inches—dark brown channery silt loam

Subsoil:

6 to 10 inches—dark yellowish brown channery silt loam

10 to 29 inches—yellowish brown very channery silt loam

Substratum:

29 to 37 inches—yellowish brown extremely channery silt loam

Bedrock:

37 inches—dark grayish brown siltstone
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

172

Soil Properties and Qualities

Drainage class: Well drained

Permeability: Moderate

Available water capacity: Very low to moderate

Seasonal high water table: None

Flooding: None

Shrink-swell potential: Low

Hazard of erosion: Very severe

Slope class: Extremely steep

Stoniness: Very stony

Rockiness: Nonrocky

Natural fertility: Low

Reaction: In unlimed areas, extremely acid to strongly acid

Organic matter content in the surface layer: Moderate

Surface runoff: Very high

Depth to bedrock: 20 to 40 inches

Bedrock type: Siltstone

Inclusions

Limiting inclusions:

• Soils with slopes of more than 80 percent

Nonlimiting inclusions:

• Soils with slopes of less than 55 percent

• Soils with sandier textures

Use and Management

Uses: All areas of this map unit are wooded.

Cropland

Suitability: Unsuited

Management concerns: Erosion, slope, and stoniness

Pasture and Hayland

Suitability: Unsuited

Management concerns: Erosion, stoniness, and slope

Woodland

Potential productivity: Moderately high

Management concerns: Erosion and a severe equipment limitation

Management considerations:

• Conventional skidder or tractor logging operations and road construction are not

recommended in areas of this map unit because of the hazard of erosion.

• Alternative logging systems that are adapted to extremely steep slopes, such as

high lead cable logging, are acceptable in areas of this map unit.

Community Development

Suitability: Unsuited

Management concerns: Stones, depth to bedrock, erosion, and slope

Management considerations:

• A suitable alternative site should be selected.

Interpretive Groups

Land capability classification: 7s

Woodland ordination symbol: 4R
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

173

Ml—Melvin-Lindside complex

Setting

Landscape position: Flood plains

Composition

Melvin soil: 50 percent

Lindside soil: 35 percent

Inclusions: 15 percent

Typical Profile

Melvin

Surface layer:

0 to 10 inches—dark grayish brown silt loam

Subsoil:

10 to 27 inches—dark grayish brown silt loam with strong brown and red

redoximorphic concentrations

27 to 34 inches—dark grayish brown silt loam with strong brown and red

redoximorphic concentrations and grayish brown redoximorphic depletions

34 to 58 inches—dark grayish brown silt loam with strong brown and red

redoximorphic concentrations and bluish gray redoximorphic depletions

Substratum:

58 to 65 inches—bluish gray sandy loam with strong brown and red redoximorphic

concentrations

Lindside

Surface layer:

0 to 9 inches—dark brown silt loam

Subsoil:

9 to 13 inches—dark brown silt loam

13 to 20 inches—brown silt loam

20 to 36 inches—brown silt loam with strong brown redoximorphic concentrations and

grayish brown redoximorphic depletions

36 to 43 inches—dark yellowish brown silt loam with strong brown redoximorphic

concentrations and grayish brown redoximorphic depletions

43 to 60 inches—yellowish brown silt loam with reddish brown redoximorphic

concentrations and gray redoximorphic depletions

Substratum:

60 to 65 inches—brown very fine sandy loam with reddish yellow redoximorphic

concentrations and gray redoximorphic depletions

Soil Properties and Qualities

Drainage class: Melvin—poorly drained; Lindside—moderately well drained

Permeability: Moderate

Available water capacity: High

Seasonal high water table: Melvin—within a depth of 1.0 foot; Lindside—at a depth of

1.5 to 3.0 feet

Flooding: Melvin—frequent; Lindside—occasional

Shrink-swell potential: Low

Erosion hazard: Slight

Slope class: Nearly level
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

174

Stoniness: Nonstony

Rockiness: Nonrocky

Natural fertility: Moderate or high

Reaction (in unlimed areas): Melvin—moderately acid to slightly alkaline; Lindside—

strongly acid to slightly alkaline in the upper part of the profile and moderately

acid to slightly alkaline in the lower part

Organic matter content of the surface layer: Moderate

Surface runoff: Melvin—very high; Lindside—low

Depth to bedrock: More than 60 inches

Inclusions

Limiting inclusions:

• Poorly drained soils that are finer textured

• Very poorly drained soils

Nonlimiting inclusions:

• Somewhat poorly drained soils

• Soils with redder colors

• Moderately well drained Zoar soils

Use and Management

Uses: Most areas of this map unit have been cleared and are used as pasture

(fig. 11). Scattered areas of woodland are mainly along drainageways.

Cropland

Suitability: Suited

Management concerns: Organic matter content and fertility and tilth

Management considerations:

• Minimizing tillage, applying a crop rotation that includes hay, delaying tillage until

the soil is reasonably dry, and returning crop residue to the soil help to increase the

organic matter content and to maintain fertility and tilth in cultivated areas.

Figure 11.—A pastured area of Melvin-Lindside complex near Rupert.
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

175

Pasture and Hayland

Suitability: Suited

Management concerns: Establishing and maintaining a mixture of grasses and

legumes and applying proper grazing management

Management considerations:

• Proper stocking rates, a rotation grazing system, and deferred grazing in the spring

help to maintain desirable grasses and legumes.

Woodland

Potential productivity: Melvin—high; Lindside—moderately high

Management concerns: Equipment limitation, seedling mortality, and plant

competition

Management considerations:

• Delaying harvesting activities until the soil is firm helps to overcome the equipment

limitation.

• Planting water-tolerant trees reduces the seedling mortality rate.

• Site preparation following harvest and establishment of the new forest for tree crop

production without delay reduce plant competition.

• Haul roads, skid trails, and logging areas may need to be graveled because of the

limited soil strength.

• Installing streamside filter strips and revegetating bare areas following use help to

overcome the limitations.

Community Development

Suitability: Unsuited

Management concerns: Flooding and wetness

Management considerations:

• A suitable alternative site should be selected.

Interpretive Groups

Land capability classification: Melvin—3w; Lindside—2w

Woodland ordination symbol: Melvin—7W; Lindside—5A

MzC—Mertz channery silt loam, 8 to 15 percent slopes,

very stony

Setting

Landscape position: Footslopes and benches

Composition

Mertz soil: 75 percent

Inclusions: 25 percent

Typical Profile

Surface layer:

0 to 2 inches—forest litter

2 to 4 inches—very dark grayish brown channery silt loam

Subsurface layer:

4 to 5 inches—dark grayish brown channery silt loam

Subsoil:

5 to 10 inches—dark yellowish brown channery silt loam

10 to 23 inches—yellowish brown channery silty clay loam

23 to 38 inches—yellowish brown very channery clay loam
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

176

38 to 56 inches—yellowish brown extremely channery silty clay loam

Substratum:

56 to 67 inches—yellowish brown extremely channery silty clay loam

Soil Properties and Qualities

Drainage class: Well drained

Permeability: Moderately slow

Available water capacity: Low or moderate

Seasonal high water table: None

Flooding: None

Shrink-swell potential: Low

Hazard of erosion: Moderate or severe

Slope class: Strongly sloping

Stoniness: Very stony

Rockiness: Nonrocky

Natural fertility: Moderate

Reaction: In unlimed areas, strongly acid or moderately acid in the solum and very

strongly acid or strongly acid in the substratum

Organic matter content in the surface layer: Moderate

Surface runoff: Medium

Depth to bedrock: More than 65 inches

Inclusions

Limiting inclusions:

• Shallow Weikert soils

• Soils with a dense substratum

• Moderately well drained soils

• Soils with slopes of more than 15 percent

Nonlimiting inclusions:

• Very deep Elliber soils

• Soils with fewer rock fragments in the profile

Use and Management

Uses: Most areas of this map unit are wooded. Some are used as pasture.

Cropland

Suitability: Unsuited

Management concerns: Stoniness and erosion

Pasture and Hayland

Suitability: Unsuited to hay; suited to pasture

Management concerns: Stoniness, erosion, and overgrazing

Management considerations:

• Proper stocking rates that help to maintain desirable grasses and legumes and a

rotation grazing system are major pasture management needs.

Woodland

Potential productivity: Moderately high

Management concerns: Plant competition, seedling mortality, soil strength, and

erosion

Management considerations:

• Site preparation following harvest and establishment of the new forest for tree crop

production without delay reduce plant competition.

• Planting nursery stock with a well developed root system and timing planting to take

full advantage of the spring rains reduce the seedling mortality rate.
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

177

• In natural stands, a harvest method that does not expose the soil surface to the

drying effects of the sun will also reduce the seedling mortality rate.

• Roads should not be used during wet periods unless they have been strengthened

with gravel, possibly from nearby chert deposits, because rut formation is a hazard.

• Maintaining streamside filter strips, installing water bars, and revegetating disturbed

areas after they are no longer being used help to control erosion.

Community Development

Suitability: Limited

Management concerns: Slope, slow permeability, and low strength

Management considerations:

• Land shaping and designing the structure to conform with the natural slope help to

overcome the slope.

• Installing a larger filter field than is typical or installing an alternate system helps to

compensate for the slow water movement.

• Suitable base material or special construction for adequate support helps to prevent

the damage caused by low strength.

Interpretive Groups

Land capability classification: 6s

Woodland ordination symbol: 4F

MzE—Mertz channery silt loam, 15 to 35 percent slopes,

very stony

Setting

Landscape position: Footslopes and benches

Composition

Mertz soil: 75 percent

Inclusions: 25 percent

Typical Profile

Surface layer:

0 to 2 inches—forest litter

2 to 4 inches—very dark grayish brown channery silt loam

Subsurface layer:

4 to 5 inches—dark grayish brown channery silt loam

Subsoil:

5 to 10 inches—dark yellowish brown channery silt loam

10 to 23 inches—yellowish brown channery silty clay loam

23 to 38 inches—yellowish brown very channery clay loam

38 to 56 inches—yellowish brown extremely channery silty clay loam

Substratum:

56 to 67 inches—yellowish brown extremely channery silty clay loam

Soil Properties and Qualities

Drainage class: Well drained

Permeability: Moderately slow

Available water capacity: Low or moderate

Seasonal high water table: None

Flooding: None
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

178

Shrink-swell potential: Low

Hazard of erosion: Very severe

Slope class: Steep or moderately steep

Stoniness: Very stony

Rockiness: Nonrocky

Natural fertility: Moderate

Reaction: In unlimed areas, strongly acid or moderately acid in the solum and very

strongly acid or strongly acid in the substratum

Organic matter content in the surface layer: Moderate

Surface runoff: High

Depth to bedrock: More than 65 inches

Inclusions

Limiting inclusions:

• Shallow Weikert soils

• Soils that have a dense substratum

• Moderately well drained soils

• Soils with slopes of more than 35 percent

Nonlimiting inclusions:

• Very deep Elliber soils

• Soils with fewer rock fragments in the profile

• Soils with slopes of less than 15 percent

Use and Management

Uses: Most areas of this map unit are wooded. Some are used as pasture.

Cropland

Suitability: Unsuited

Management concerns: Stoniness, slope, and erosion

Pasture and Hayland

Suitability: Unsuited to hay; suited to pasture

Management concerns: Stoniness, slope, erosion, and overgrazing

Management considerations:

• Proper stocking rates that help to maintain desirable grasses and legumes and a

rotation grazing system are major pasture management needs.

Woodland

Potential productivity: Moderately high

Management concerns: Plant competition, slope, soil strength, and erosion

Management considerations:

• Site preparation following harvest and establishment of the new forest for tree crop

production without delay reduce plant competition.

• Harvesting so that a portion of the overstory is retained and applying herbicides

reduce plant competition.

• Haul roads, skid trails, and log landings must be installed for equipment access

because of the slope.

• Roads should not be used during wet periods unless they have been strengthened

with gravel, possibly from nearby chert deposits, because rut formation is a hazard.

• The hazard of erosion can be reduced by establishing roads and trails on a gentle

grade across the slope; controlling surface runoff; seeding roads, trails, and

landings after they are no longer being used; and keeping the total mileage of roads

and trails to a minimum.

Community Development

Suitability: Limited
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

179

Management concerns: Slope, slow water movement, and low strength

Management considerations:

• Land shaping and designing the structure to conform with the natural slope help to

overcome the slope.

• Installing a larger filter field than is typical or installing an alternate system helps to

compensate for the slow water movement.

• Suitable base material or special construction for adequate support helps to prevent

the damage caused by low strength.

Interpretive Groups

Land capability classification: 7s

Woodland ordination symbol: 4R

No—Nolin silt loam

Setting

Landscape position: Flood plains, along Kitchen Creek and Muddy Creek in the Blue

Sulphur Springs area (fig. 12)

Composition

Nolin soil: 85 percent

Inclusions: 15 percent

Typical Profile

Surface layer:

0 to 5 inches—dark brown silt loam

Figure 12.—An area of Nolin silt loam, along Kitchen Creek near Blue Sulphur Springs.
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

180

Subsoil:

5 to 10 inches—dark brown silt loam

10 to 37 inches—dark reddish brown silt loam

Substratum:

37 to 65 inches—dark reddish brown silt loam

Soil Properties and Qualities

Drainage class: Well drained

Permeability: Moderate

Available water capacity: High

Depth to the seasonal high water table: 3.0 to 6.0 feet

Flooding: Occasional

Shrink-swell potential: Low

Hazard of erosion: Slight

Slope class: Nearly level

Stoniness: Nonstony

Rockiness: Nonrocky

Natural fertility: Moderate or high

Reaction: In unlimed areas, slightly acid or neutral

Organic matter content in the surface layer: Moderate

Surface runoff: Low

Depth to bedrock: More than 60 inches

Inclusions

Limiting inclusions:

• Moderately well drained soils

• Somewhat poorly drained soils

Nonlimiting inclusions:

• Sensabaugh soils in similar landscape positions

Use and Management

Uses: Most areas of this map unit have been cleared. These areas are used for hay

or pasture.

Cropland

Suitability: Suited

Management concerns: Organic matter content and fertility and tilth

Management considerations:

• Minimizing tillage, planting cover crops, and including grasses and legumes in the

cropping sequence help to increase the organic matter content, maintain fertility

and tilth, and control erosion in cultivated areas.

Pasture and Hayland

Suitability: Suited

Management concerns: Establishing and maintaining a mixture of grasses and

legumes and applying proper grazing management

Management considerations:

• Proper stocking rates, a rotation grazing system, and deferred grazing help to

maintain desirable grasses and legumes.

Woodland

Potential productivity: High

Management concerns: Plant competition
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

181

Management considerations:

• Harvesting so that a portion of the overstory is retained and applying herbicides

reduce plant competition.

Community Development

Suitability: Limited

Management concerns: Flooding

Management considerations:

• A suitable alternative site should be selected.

Interpretive Groups

Land capability classification: 2w

Woodland ordination symbol: 8A

Ph—Philo silt loam

Setting

Landscape position: Flood plains

Composition

Philo soil: 75 percent

Inclusions: 25 percent

Typical Profile

Surface layer:

0 to 8 inches—dark grayish brown silt loam

Subsoil:

8 to 19 inches—yellowish brown silt loam

19 to 38 inches—dark yellowish brown silt loam with light brownish gray

redoximorphic depletions and strong brown redoximorphic concentrations

Substratum:

38 to 65 inches—dark yellowish brown to dark grayish brown stratified sandy

loam, fine sand, and silt loam with light brownish gray redoximorphic

depletions

Soil Properties and Qualities

Drainage class: Moderately well drained

Permeability: Moderate

Available water capacity: Moderate or high

Depth to the seasonal high water table: 1.5 to 3.0 feet

Flooding: Occasional

Shrink-swell potential: Low

Hazard of erosion: Slight

Slope class: Nearly level

Stoniness: Nonstony

Rockiness: Nonrocky

Natural fertility: Moderate

Reaction: In unlimed areas, very strongly acid to moderately acid

Organic matter content in the surface layer: Moderate

Surface runoff: Low

Depth to bedrock: More than 65 inches
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

182

Inclusions

Limiting inclusions:

• Poorly drained soils

• Soils with a higher percentage of rock fragments in the profile

• Soils that have bedrock at a depth of less than 65 inches

Nonlimiting inclusions:

• Well drained Pope and Macove soils

Use and Management

Uses: Most areas of this map unit are used for cultivated crops or hay. A few areas

are used as pasture or woodland.

Cropland

Suitability: Suited

Management concerns: Organic matter content and tilth

Management considerations:

• Minimizing tillage, planting cover crops, and including grasses and legumes in the

cropping sequence help to increase the organic matter content, maintain fertility

and tilth, and control erosion in cultivated areas.

Pasture and Hayland

Suitability: Suited

Management concerns: Establishing and maintaining a mixture of grasses and

legumes and applying proper grazing management

Management considerations:

• Proper stocking rates, a rotation grazing system, and deferred grazing in the spring

help to maintain desirable grasses and legumes.

Woodland

Potential productivity: Moderately high

Management concerns: Plant competition and soil strength

Management considerations:

• Site preparation following harvest and establishment of the new forest for tree crop

production without delay reduce plant competition.

• Haul roads, skid trails, and logging areas may need to be graveled because of the

limited soil strength.

Community Development

Suitability: Unsuited

Management concerns: Flooding and ground-water pollution

Management considerations:

• A suitable alternative site should be selected.

Interpretive Groups

Land capability classification: 2w

Woodland ordination symbol: 5A

Po—Pope fine sandy loam

Setting

Landscape position: Flood plain

Composition

Pope soil: 75 percent

Inclusions: 25 percent
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

183

Typical Profile

Surface layer:

0 to 10 inches—dark grayish brown fine sandy loam

Subsoil:

10 to 25 inches—dark yellowish brown fine sandy loam

25 to 40 inches—dark yellowish brown sandy loam

Substratum:

40 to 65 inches—stratified silt, sand, gravel, and some channery material

Soil Properties and Qualities

Drainage class: Well drained

Permeability: Moderately rapid

Available water capacity: Moderate or moderately low

Seasonal high water table: None

Flooding: Occasional

Shrink-swell potential: Low

Hazard of erosion: Slight

Slope class: Nearly level

Stoniness: Nonstony

Rockiness: Nonrocky

Natural fertility: Moderate

Reaction: In unlimed areas, strongly acid or very strongly acid

Organic matter content in the surface layer: Moderate

Surface runoff: Very low

Depth to bedrock: More than 60 inches

Inclusions

Limiting inclusions:

• Poorly drained soils

• Soils with a higher percentage of rock fragments in the profile

• Philo soils

Nonlimiting inclusions:

• Macove soils

Use and Management

Uses: Most areas of this map unit have been cleared. These areas are used for hay

or pasture.

Cropland

Suitability: Suited

Management concerns: Organic matter content and fertility and tilth

Management considerations:

• Minimizing tillage, planting cover crops, and including grasses and legumes in the

cropping sequence help to increase the organic matter content and to maintain

fertility and tilth in cultivated areas.

Pasture and Hayland

Suitability: Suited

Management concerns: Establishing and maintaining a mixture of grasses and

legumes and applying proper grazing management

Management considerations:

• Proper stocking rates, a rotation grazing system, and deferred grazing help to

maintain desirable grasses and legumes.
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

184

Woodland

Potential productivity: High

Management concerns: Plant competition

Management considerations:

• Harvesting so that a portion of the overstory is retained and applying herbicides

reduce plant competition.

Community Development

Suitability: Limited

Management concerns: Flooding

Management considerations:

• A suitable alternative site should be selected.

Interpretive Groups

Land capability classification: 2w

Woodland ordination symbol: 7A

Pt—Potomac very gravelly fine sandy loam

Setting

Landscape position: Flood plains

Composition

Potomac soil: 85 percent

Inclusions: 15 percent

Typical Profile

Surface layer:

0 to 6 inches—dark brown fine sandy loam

Substratum:

6 to 23 inches—brown extremely gravelly loamy sand with pockets of sandy loam

23 to 31 inches—dark yellowish brown very gravelly loamy sand with pockets of sand

31 to 65 inches—brown extremely gravelly loamy sand with pockets of sandy loam

Soil Properties and Qualities

Drainage class: Somewhat excessively drained

Permeability: Rapid or very rapid

Available water capacity: Very low or low

Seasonal high water table: None

Flooding: Frequent

Shrink-swell potential: Low

Hazard of erosion: Slight

Slope class: Nearly level

Stoniness: Nonstony

Rockiness: Nonrocky

Natural fertility: Moderate

Reaction: In unlimed areas, strongly acid to neutral

Organic matter content in the surface layer: Moderate

Surface runoff: Very low

Depth to bedrock: More than 60 inches

Inclusions

Limiting inclusions:

• Poorly drained soils
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

185

Nonlimiting inclusions:

• Macove soils

• Sensabaugh soils

Use and Management

Uses: Most areas of this map unit are on wooded islands in the Greenbrier River.

Some areas are used as pasture.

Cropland

Suitability: Limited

Management concerns: Organic matter and fertility and tilth

Management considerations:

• Minimizing tillage, planting cover crops, and including grasses and legumes in the

cropping sequence help to increase the organic matter content and to maintain

fertility and tilth in cultivated areas.

Pasture and Hayland

Suitability: Suited

Management concerns: Overgrazing

Management considerations:

• Proper stocking rates that help to maintain desirable grasses and legumes and a

rotation grazing system are major pasture management needs.

Woodland

Potential productivity: Moderately high

Management concerns: Stream disturbance

Management considerations:

• Maintenance of streamside filter strips and revegetation of bare areas after they are

no longer being used are recommended management practices.

Community Development

Suitability: Unsuited

Management concerns: Flooding, small stones, and droughtiness

Management considerations:

• A suitable alternative site should be selected.

Interpretive Groups

Land capability classification: 5s

Woodland ordination symbol: 4F

PuA—Purdy silt loam, 0 to 3 percent slopes

Setting

Landscape position: Terraces

Composition

Purdy soil: 80 percent

Inclusions: 20 percent

Typical Profile

Surface layer:

0 to 8 inches—dark grayish brown silt loam with yellowish brown redoximorphic

concentrations

Subsoil:

8 to 20 inches—light brownish gray silty clay loam with yellowish brown

redoximorphic concentrations
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

186

20 to 30 inches—gray silty clay with yellowish brown redoximorphic concentrations

Substratum:

30 to 60 inches—gray silty clay to clay

Soil Properties and Qualities

Drainage class: Poorly drained

Permeability: Slow

Available water capacity: High

Seasonal high water table: Within a depth of 1.0 foot

Flooding: None

Shrink-swell potential: Moderate

Hazard of erosion: Slight

Slope class: Nearly level

Stoniness: Nonstony

Rockiness: Nonrocky

Natural fertility: Moderate to low

Reaction: In unlimed areas, strongly acid to extremely acid

Organic matter content in the surface layer: Moderate

Surface runoff: Very high

Depth to bedrock: More than 60 inches

Bedrock type: Mainly shale and siltstone

Inclusions

Limiting inclusions:

• Very poorly drained soils

Nonlimiting inclusions:

• Moderately well drained soils in similar landscape positions

• Somewhat poorly drained soils in similar landscape positions

Use and Management

Uses: Most areas of this map unit have been cleared. These areas are used for

pasture or hay.

Cropland

Suitability: Suited

Management concerns: Wetness

Management considerations:

• A drainage system is needed in areas used for cultivated crops, hay, or pasture.

• Minimizing tillage, applying a crop rotation that includes hay, delaying tillage until

the soil is reasonably dry, and returning crop residue to the soil help to maintain

fertility and tilth in cultivated areas.

Pasture and Hayland

Suitability: Suited to hay and pasture plants that can tolerate wetness

Management concerns: Overgrazing

Management considerations:

• Proper stocking rates, a rotation grazing system, and deferment of grazing until the

soil is firm are major pasture management needs.

Woodland

Potential productivity: Moderately high

Management concerns: Equipment limitation, seedling mortality, and plant

competition
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

187

Management considerations:

• Delaying harvest activities until the soil is firm minimizes the equipment limitation.

• Planting water-tolerant trees minimizes the seedling mortality rate.

• Site preparation following harvest and establishment of the new forest for tree crop

production without delay reduce plant competition.

Community Development

Suitability: Limited

Management concerns: Wetness

Management considerations:

• A drainage system helps to overcome the wetness.

Interpretive Groups

Land capability classification: 4w

Woodland ordination symbol: 4W

Qu—Quarry, limestone

Setting

This map unit consists of active and abandoned quarries in scattered areas

throughout the Greenbrier Valley. It occurs as areas of exposed limestone and rock

fragments and of vertical highwalls.

Composition

Udorthents: 80 percent

Inclusions: 20 percent

Typical Profile

A typical profile for Quarry, limestone, is not given.

Properties and Qualities

Seasonal high water table: None

Slope class: Nearly level to extremely steep

Surface runoff: Medium in nearly level areas ranging to very high in extremely steep

areas

Depth to bedrock: Varies but typically within 4 inches

Bedrock type: Limestone

Inclusions

Nonlimiting inclusions:

• Frankstown soils

• Caneyville soils

• Frederick soils

Use and Management

Uses: This map unit is unsuited to cropland, pasture, hayland, woodland, and

community development. It is droughty, and plants cannot become established

because most areas consist of exposed rock.

Interpretive Groups

Land capability classification: 8s

Woodland ordination symbol: Not assigned
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

188

Se—Sensabaugh loam

Setting

Landscape position: Flood plains, along small streams and drainageways throughout

the survey area

Composition

Sensabaugh soil: 80 percent

Inclusions: 20 percent

Typical Profile

Surface layer:

0 to 6 inches—dark reddish brown loam

Subsoil:

6 to 25 inches—dark reddish brown gravelly loam

25 to 34 inches—dark reddish brown extremely gravelly loam

Substratum:

34 to 52 inches—dark reddish brown gravelly clay loam with strong brown mottles

52 to 65 inches—dark reddish brown extremely gravelly loam

Soil Properties and Qualities

Drainage class: Well drained

Permeability: Moderate or moderately rapid

Available water capacity: Moderate or high

Depth to the seasonal high water table: 4.0 to 6.0 feet

Flooding: Occasional

Shrink-swell potential: Low

Hazard of erosion: Slight

Slope class: Nearly level

Stoniness: Nonstony

Rockiness: Nonrocky

Natural fertility: Moderate or high

Reaction: In unlimed areas, moderately acid to neutral

Organic matter content in the surface layer: Moderate

Surface runoff: Very low

Depth to bedrock: More than 60 inches

Inclusions

Limiting inclusions:

• Soils that have more rock fragments in the profile

Nonlimiting inclusions:

• Nolin soils in the same landscape position along Muddy Creek

Use and Management

Uses: Most areas of this map unit have been cleared. These areas are used for hay

or pasture.

Cropland

Suitability: Suited

Management concerns: Flooding

Management considerations:

• If this soil is cultivated, minimizing tillage, planting cover crops, and including

grasses and legumes in the cropping sequence help to increase organic
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

189

matter content, maintain fertility and tilth, and protect the soil from scouring by

floodwater.

Pasture and Hayland

Suitability: Suited

Management concerns: Establishing and maintaining a mixture of grasses and

legumes and applying proper grazing management

Management considerations:

• Proper stocking rates, a rotation grazing system, and deferred grazing help to

maintain desirable grasses and legumes.

Woodland

Potential productivity: High

Management concerns: Plant competition and seedling mortality

Management considerations:

• Harvesting so that a portion of the overstory is retained and applying herbicides

reduce plant competition.

• Planting containerized seedlings or more mature seedlings will reduce the seedling

mortality rate.

Community Development

Suitability: Limited

Management concerns: Flooding

Management considerations:

• A better suited soil should be selected.

Interpretive Groups

Land capability classification: 2w

Woodland ordination symbol: 8A

SfB—Shouns channery silt loam, 3 to 8 percent slopes

Setting

Landscape position: Footslopes, benches, and alluvial fans

Composition

Shouns soil: 85 percent

Inclusions: 15 percent

Typical Profile

Surface layer:

0 to 2 inches—forest litter

2 to 4 inches—dark brown channery silt loam

Subsoil:

4 to 8 inches—dark reddish brown channery silt loam

8 to 28 inches—reddish brown channery silty clay loam

28 to 38 inches—reddish brown very channery silty clay loam

38 to 54 inches—yellowish red very channery silty clay loam

Substratum:

54 to 65 inches—dark reddish brown channery silty clay loam

Soil Properties and Qualities

Drainage class: Well drained

Permeability: Moderate
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

190

Available water capacity: Moderate or high

Seasonal high water table: None

Flooding: None

Shrink-swell potential: Low

Hazard of erosion: Moderate

Slope class: Gently sloping

Stoniness: Nonstony

Rockiness: Nonrocky

Natural fertility: Moderate or high

Reaction: In unlimed areas, very strongly acid to moderately acid

Organic matter content in the surface layer: Moderate

Surface runoff: Medium

Depth to bedrock: More than 60 inches

Inclusions

Limiting inclusions:

• Moderately deep Caneyville and Cateache soils

• Moderately well drained soils

• Soils with slopes of more than 8 percent

Nonlimiting inclusions:

• Soils with slopes of less than 3 percent

• Very deep Frederick soils

Use and Management

Uses: Most areas of this map unit are used for cultivated crops or hay. A few small

areas are used as pasture or woodland.

Cropland

Suitability: Suited

Management concerns: Erosion and fertility and tilth.

Management considerations:

• Applying a conservation tillage system, cultivating on the contour, applying a crop

rotation that includes hay, and returning crop residue to the soil help to control

erosion and to maintain fertility and tilth in cultivated areas.

Pasture and Hayland

Suitability: Suited

Management concerns: Erosion and overgrazing

Management considerations:

• Proper stocking rates, a rotation grazing system, and deferment of grazing in the

spring until the soil is reasonably firm help to maintain desirable grasses and

legumes.

Woodland

Potential productivity: Moderately high

Management concerns: Erosion on roads, skid trails, and log landings and plant

competition

Management considerations:

• The hazard of erosion can be reduced by establishing roads and trails on the

contour; controlling surface runoff; seeding roads, trails, and landings after they are

no longer being used; keeping the total mileage of roads and trails to a minimum;

and seeding and mulching bare areas.

• Site preparation following harvest and establishment of the new forest for tree crop

production without delay reduce plant competition.
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

191

Community Development

Suitability: Limited

Management concerns: Large stones

Management considerations:

• Sites for septic tank absorption fields should be backfilled with material that

contains fewer stones.

• Excavating the sites for dwellings with and without basements helps to overcome

the stoniness.

• The stones should be removed during the construction of roads and streets.

Interpretive Groups

Land capability classification: 2e

Woodland ordination symbol: 4A

SfC—Shouns channery silt loam, 8 to 15 percent slopes

Setting

Landscape position: Footslopes, benches, and alluvial fans

Composition

Shouns soil: 85 percent

Inclusions: 15 percent

Typical Profile

Surface layer:

0 to 2 inches—forest litter

2 to 4 inches—dark brown channery silt loam

Subsoil:

4 to 8 inches—dark reddish brown channery silt loam

8 to 28 inches—reddish brown channery silt loam

28 to 38 inches—reddish brown very channery silty clay loam

38 to 54 inches—yellowish red very channery silty clay loam

Substratum:

54 to 65 inches—yellowish brown channery silty clay loam

Soil Properties and Qualities

Drainage class: Well drained

Permeability: Moderate

Available water capacity: Low

Seasonal high water table: None

Flooding: None

Shrink-swell potential: Low

Hazard of erosion: Severe

Slope class: Strongly sloping

Stoniness: Nonstony

Rockiness: Nonrocky

Natural fertility: Low or moderate

Reaction: In unlimed areas, very strongly acid or strongly acid

Organic matter content in the surface layer: Moderate

Surface runoff: Medium

Depth to bedrock: More than 60 inches
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

192

Inclusions

Limiting inclusions:

• Berks soils

• Dekalb soils

• Moderately well drained soils

• Soils with slopes of more than 15 percent

Nonlimiting inclusions:

• Allegheny soils

• Soils with slopes of less than 8 percent

Use and Management

Uses: Most areas of this map unit are used for hay and pasture. A few areas are

used for cultivated crops or as woodland.

Cropland

Suitability: Suited

Management concerns: Erosion and fertility and tilth

Management considerations:

• Applying a conservation tillage system, cultivating on the contour, applying a crop

rotation that includes hay, and returning crop residue to the soil help to control

erosion and to maintain fertility and tilth in cultivated areas.

Pasture and Hayland

Suitability: Suited

Management concerns: Erosion and overgrazing

Management considerations:

• Proper stocking rates, a rotation grazing system, and deferment of grazing in the

spring until the soil is reasonably firm help to maintain desirable grasses and

legumes.

Woodland

Potential productivity: Moderately high

Management concerns: Erosion on roads, skid trails, and log landings and plant

competition

Management considerations:

• The hazard of erosion can be reduced by establishing roads and trails on the

contour; controlling surface runoff; seeding roads, trails, and landings after they are

no longer being used; keeping the total mileage of roads and trails to a minimum;

and seeding and mulching bare areas.

• Site preparation following harvest and establishment of the new forest for tree crop

production without delay reduce plant competition.

Community Development

Suitability: Limited

Management concerns: Large stones and slope

Management considerations:

• Sites for septic tank absorption fields should be backfilled with material that

contains fewer stones.

• Excavating the sites for dwellings with and without basements helps to overcome

the stoniness.

• Land shaping and designing the structure to conform with the natural slope help to

overcome the slope.

• The stones should be removed during the construction of roads and streets.
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

193

Interpretive Groups

Land capability classification: 3e

Woodland ordination symbol: 4F

ShC—Shouns channery silt loam, 3 to 15 percent slopes,

extremely stony

Setting

Landscape position: Footslopes, benches, coves, and drainageways

Composition

Shouns soil: 80 percent

Inclusions: 20 percent

Typical Profile

Surface layer:

0 to 2 inches—forest litter

2 to 4 inches—dark brown channery silt loam

Subsoil:

4 to 8 inches—dark reddish brown channery silt loam

8 to 28 inches—reddish brown channery silty clay loam

28 to 38 inches—reddish brown very channery silty clay loam

38 to 54 inches—yellowish red very channery silty clay loam

Substratum:

54 to 65 inches—dark reddish brown channery silty clay loam

Soil Properties and Qualities

Drainage class: Well drained

Permeability: Moderate

Available water capacity: Moderate or high

Seasonal high water table: None

Flooding: None

Shrink-swell potential: Low

Hazard of erosion: Moderate or severe

Slope class: Strongly sloping or gently sloping

Stoniness: Extremely stony

Rockiness: Nonrocky

Natural fertility: Moderate or high

Reaction: In unlimed areas, very strongly acid to moderately acid

Organic matter content in the surface layer: Moderate

Surface runoff: Medium

Depth to bedrock: More than 60 inches

Inclusions

Limiting inclusions:

• Moderately deep Cateache and Caneyville soils

• Moderately well drained soils

• Soils with slopes of more than 15 percent

• Soils that have stones covering more than 15 percent of the surface

Nonlimiting inclusions:

• Very deep Frederick soils
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

194

• Soils that have stones covering less than 3 percent of the surface

Use and Management

Uses: Most areas of this map unit are wooded. Some are used as pasture.

Cropland

Suitability: Unsuited

Management concerns: Stoniness and erosion

Pasture and Hayland

Suitability: Unsuited to hay; suited to pasture

Management concerns: Stoniness, erosion, and overgrazing

Management considerations:

• Proper stocking rates that help to maintain desirable grasses and legumes and a

rotation grazing system are major pasture management needs.

Woodland

Potential productivity: Moderately high

Management concerns: Erosion and plant competition

Management considerations:

• Establishing roads and trails on a gentle grade across the slope and seeding and

mulching bare areas help to control erosion.

• Site preparation following harvest and establishment of the new forest for tree crop

production without delay reduce plant competition.

Community Development

Suitability: Limited

Management concerns: Large stones and slope

Management considerations:

• Land shaping, installing the distribution lines across the slope, or installing the lines

in an area of less sloping, included soils helps to overcome the limitations affecting

septic tank absorption fields.

• Sites for septic tank absorption fields should be backfilled with material that

contains fewer stones.

• Land shaping, designing dwellings so that they conform to the setting and to the

natural shape of the land, and removing the large stones during excavation of soil

material help to overcome the limitations on sites for dwellings with or without

basements.

• Constructing local roads and streets on the contour, land shaping and grading,

adapting the design of the roads to the natural slope of the land, and removing the

large stones help to overcome the limitations affecting local roads and streets.

Interpretive Groups

Land capability classification: 7s

Woodland ordination symbol: 4X

ShE—Shouns channery silt loam, 15 to 35 percent slopes,

extremely stony

Setting

Landscape position: Footslopes, benches, coves, and drainageways

Composition

Shouns soil: 75 percent

Inclusions: 25 percent
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

195

Typical Profile

Surface layer:

0 to 2 inches—forest litter

2 to 4 inches—dark brown channery silt loam

Subsoil:

4 to 8 inches—dark reddish brown channery silt loam

8 to 28 inches—reddish brown channery silty clay loam

28 to 38 inches—reddish brown very channery silty clay loam

38 to 54 inches—yellowish red very channery silty clay loam

Substratum:

54 to 65 inches—dark reddish brown channery silty clay loam

Soil Properties and Qualities

Drainage class: Well drained

Permeability: Moderate

Available water capacity: Moderate or high

Seasonal high water table: None

Flooding: None

Shrink-swell potential: Low

Hazard of erosion: Very severe

Slope class: Steep or moderately steep

Stoniness: Extremely stony

Rockiness: Nonrocky

Natural fertility: Moderate or high

Reaction: Very strongly acid to moderately acid

Organic matter content in the surface layer: Moderate

Surface runoff: High

Depth to bedrock: More than 60 inches

Inclusions

Limiting inclusions:

• Moderately deep Caneyville and Cateache soils

• Moderately well drained soils

• Soils that have boulders covering 3 to 15 percent of the surface

• Soils with slopes of more than 35 percent

• Soils that have stones covering more than 15 percent of the surface

Nonlimiting inclusions:

• Soils with slopes of less than 15 percent

• Soils that have stones covering less than 3 percent of the surface

• Very deep Frederick soils

Use and Management

Uses: Most areas of this map unit are wooded. Some are used as pasture.

Cropland

Suitability: Unsuited

Pasture and Hayland

Suitability: Unsuited to hay; limited for pasture

Management concerns: Erosion, overgrazing, and stoniness

Management considerations:

• Proper stocking rates, a rotation grazing system, and deferment of grazing in the

spring until the soil is reasonably firm help to maintain desirable grasses and

legumes.
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

196

Woodland

Potential productivity: Moderately high on north aspects and moderate on south

aspects

Management concerns: Erosion on roads, skid trails, and log landings; plant

competition on north aspects; and seedling mortality on south aspects

Management considerations:

• The hazard of erosion can be reduced by establishing roads and trails on the

contour; controlling surface runoff; seeding roads, trails, and landings after they are

no longer being used; keeping the total mileage of roads and trails to a minimum;

and seeding and mulching bare areas.

• Site preparation following harvest and establishment of the new forest for tree crop

production without delay reduce plant competition.

• Planting larger stock or planting containerized seedlings early in the year to take

advantage of spring rains will help reduce the seedling mortality rate.

Community Development

Suitability: Unsuited

Management concerns: Large stones and slope

Management considerations:

• The less sloping included soils that have fewer stones on the surface are not so

severely limited as sites for community development.

Interpretive Groups

Land capability classification: 7s

Woodland ordination symbol: 4R on north aspects and 3R on south aspects

ShF—Shouns channery silt loam, 35 to 55 percent slopes,

extremely stony

Setting

Landscape position: Footslopes, coves, and drainageways

Composition

Shouns soil: 75 percent

Inclusions: 25 percent

Typical Profile

Surface layer:

0 to 2 inches—forest litter

2 to 4 inches—dark brown channery silt loam

Subsoil:

4 to 8 inches—dark reddish brown channery silt loam

8 to 28 inches—reddish brown channery silty clay loam

28 to 38 inches—reddish brown very channery silty clay loam

38 to 54 inches—yellowish red very channery silty clay loam

Substratum:

54 to 65 inches—dark reddish brown channery silty clay loam

Soil Properties and Qualities

Drainage class: Well drained

Permeability: Moderate

Available water capacity: Moderate or high
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

197

Seasonal high water table: None

Flooding: None

Shrink-swell potential: Low

Hazard of erosion: Very severe

Slope class: Steep or very steep

Stoniness: Extremely stony

Rockiness: Nonrocky

Natural fertility: Moderate or high

Reaction: Very strongly acid to moderately acid

Organic matter content in the surface layer: Moderate

Surface runoff: High

Depth to bedrock: More than 60 inches

Inclusions

Limiting inclusions:

• Moderately deep Caneyville and Cateache soils

• Soils that have boulders covering 3 to 15 percent of the surface

• Soils with slopes of more than 55 percent

• Soils that have stones covering more than 15 percent of the surface

Nonlimiting inclusions:

• Soils with slopes of less than 35 percent

• Soils that have stones covering less than 3 percent of the surface

Use and Management

Uses: Most areas of this map unit are wooded. Some are used as pasture.

Cropland

Suitability: Unsuited

Pasture and Hayland

Suitability: Unsuited to hay; limited for pasture

Management concerns: Erosion, overgrazing, and stoniness restricts the use of most

types of farm machinery

Management considerations:

• Proper stocking rates, a rotation grazing system, and deferment of grazing in the

spring until the soil is reasonably firm help to maintain desirable grasses and

legumes.

Woodland

Potential productivity: Moderately high on north aspects and moderate on south

aspects

Management concerns: Erosion on roads, skid trails, and log landings; plant

competition on north aspects; and seedling mortality on south aspects

Management considerations:

• The hazard of erosion can be reduced by establishing roads and trails on the

contour; controlling surface runoff; seeding roads, trails, and landings after they are

no longer being used; keeping the total mileage of roads and trails to a minimum;

and seeding and mulching bare areas.

• Site preparation following harvest and establishment of the new forest for tree crop

production without delay reduce plant competition.

• Planting larger stock or planting containerized seedlings early in the year to take

advantage of spring rains will help reduce the seedling mortality rate.

Community Development

Suitability: Unsuited

Management concerns: Large stones and slope
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

198

Management considerations:

• The less sloping included soils that have fewer stones on the surface are not so

severely limited as sites for community development.

Interpretive Groups

Land capability classification: 7s

Woodland ordination symbol: 4F on north aspects and 3F on south aspects

SmC—Simoda silt loam, 3 to 15 percent slopes, very

stony

Setting

Landscape position: Broad ridgetops and upland depressions

Composition

Simoda soil: 75 percent

Inclusions: 25 percent

Typical Profile

Surface layer:

0 to 4 inches—very dark grayish brown silt loam

Subsoil:

4 to 9 inches—brown silt loam

9 to 12 inches—dark yellowish brown silt loam

12 to 21 inches—yellowish brown channery silty clay loam

21 to 29 inches—yellowish brown channery silty clay loam with brownish gray

redoximorphic depletions and strong brown redoximorphic concentrations

29 to 40 inches—dark yellowish brown extremely channery silt loam with light

brownish gray redoximorphic depletions and strong brown redoximorphic

concentrations

Substratum:

40 to 48 inches—dark yellowish brown channery silt loam with light brownish gray

redoximorphic depletions and strong brown redoximorphic concentrations

Bedrock:

48 inches—sandstone

Soil Properties and Qualities

Drainage class: Moderately well drained

Permeability: Slow

Available water capacity: Low or moderate

Depth to the seasonal high water table: 1.5 to 2.5 feet

Flooding: None

Shrink-swell potential: Low

Hazard of erosion: Severe

Slope class: Strongly sloping or gently sloping

Stoniness: Very stony

Rockiness: Nonrocky

Natural fertility: Moderate

Reaction: Extremely acid or very strongly acid

Organic matter content in the surface layer: Moderate

Surface runoff: High
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

199

Depth to bedrock: 45 to 72 inches

Bedrock: Interbedded sandstone, siltstone, and shale

Inclusions

Limiting inclusions:

• Soils that are less than 40 inches deep over bedrock

• Somewhat poorly drained soils

Nonlimiting inclusions:

• Well drained Gauley soils

• Well drained Mandy soils

• Moderately well drained Snowdog soils

• Areas that are nonstony

Use and Management

Uses: Most areas of this map unit are wooded.

Cropland

Suitability: Unsuited

Management concerns: Erosion and stoniness

Pasture and Hayland

Suitability: Unsuited to hay; limited for pasture

Management concerns: Erosion, stoniness, and overgrazing

Management considerations:

• Proper stocking rates that help to maintain desirable grasses and legumes and a

rotation grazing system are major pasture management needs.

Woodland

Potential productivity: Moderate

Management concerns: Seedling mortality, windthrow, plant competition, low

strength, and erosion

Management considerations:

• Planting nursery stock with a well developed root system and timing planting to take

full advantage of the spring rains help to reduce the seedling mortality rate.

• Carefully thinning trees and protecting the surficial root system from damage help

to prevent windthrow.

• Site preparation following harvest and establishment of the new forest for tree crop

production without delay reduce plant competition.

• Haul roads, skid roads, and log landings should not be used during wet periods

unless they have been strengthened with gravel because rut formation is a severe

hazard.

• The hazard of erosion can be reduced by constructing haul roads and skid roads

on a gentle grade across the slope; installing dips, ditches, water bars, and culverts

to control surface runoff; and seeding grasses and legumes on roads and landings

after they are no longer being used.

Community Development

Suitability: Limited

Management concerns: Wetness and erosion

Management considerations:

• Installing a tile drainage system, selecting a site in the well drained included soils,

or installing a specially designed or alternate system helps to overcome the

wetness affecting septic tank absorption fields.

• Selecting the well drained included soils as a site for dwellings helps to prevent the

problems caused by wetness.
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

200

• Establishing a plant cover in unprotected areas and providing for the proper

disposal of surface water help to control erosion.

Interpretive Groups

Land capability classification: 7s

Woodland ordination symbol: 3X

SoC—Snowdog silt loam, 3 to 15 percent slopes,

extremely stony

Setting

Landscape position: Lower side slopes, footslopes, and benches, at the higher

elevations west of the Greenbrier River

Composition

Snowdog soil: 75 percent

Inclusions: 25 percent

Typical Profile

Surface layer:

0 to 2 inches—forest litter

2 to 4 inches—very dark brown silt loam

Subsoil:

4 to 6 inches—dark brown silt loam

6 to 18 inches—yellowish brown channery silt loam

18 to 42 inches—yellowish brown very channery loam with grayish brown

redoximorphic depletions and yellowish brown redoximorphic concentrations

42 to 57 inches—yellowish brown very channery sandy loam with grayish brown

redoximorphic depletions and yellowish brown redoximorphic concentrations

Substratum:

57 to 67 inches—yellowish brown channery silt loam with grayish brown

redoximorphic depletions and yellowish brown redoximorphic concentrations

Soil Properties and Qualities

Drainage class: Moderately well drained

Permeability: Moderate to slow

Available water capacity: Very low or low

Depth to the seasonal high water table: 1.5 to 2.5 feet

Flooding: None

Shrink-swell potential: Low

Hazard of erosion: Moderate or severe

Slope class: Strongly sloping or gently sloping

Stoniness: Extremely stony

Rockiness: Nonrocky

Natural fertility: Low

Reaction: Extremely acid to strongly acid

Organic matter content in the surface layer: Moderate

Surface runoff: Medium

Depth to bedrock: More than 60 inches

Inclusions

Limiting inclusions:

• Poorly drained Trussel soils
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

201

• Soils that have stones covering more than 15 percent of the surface

• Soils with slopes of more than 15 percent

Nonlimiting inclusions:

• Soils that have stones covering less than 3 percent of the surface

Use and Management

Uses: Most areas of this map unit are wooded.

Cropland

Suitability: Unsuited

Management concerns: Erosion and stoniness

Pasture and Hayland

Suitability: Unsuited to hay; suited to pasture

Management concerns: Erosion, stoniness, and overgrazing

Management considerations:

• Proper stocking rates that help to maintain desirable grasses and legumes and a

rotation grazing system are major pasture management needs.

Woodland

Potential productivity: Moderately high

Management concerns: Erosion and plant competition

Management considerations:

• Establishing roads and trails on a gentle grade across the slope and seeding and

mulching bare areas help to control erosion.

• Plant competition can be reduced by site preparation following harvest,

establishment of a new forest for tree crop production without delay, and the

application of herbicides that help to control undesirable vegetation.

Community Development

Suitability: Limited

Management concerns: Slow water movement and wetness

Management considerations:

• A suitable alternative site should be selected.

Interpretive Groups

Land capability classification: 6s

Woodland ordination symbol: 4R

SoE—Snowdog silt loam, 15 to 35 percent slopes,

extremely stony

Setting

Landscape position: Lower side slopes, footslopes, and benches, at the higher

elevations west of the Greenbrier River

Composition

Snowdog soil: 75 percent

Inclusions: 25 percent

Typical Profile

Surface layer:

0 to 2 inches—forest litter

2 to 4 inches—very dark brown silt loam
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

202

Subsoil:

4 to 6 inches—dark brown silt loam

6 to 18 inches—yellowish brown channery silt loam

18 to 42 inches—yellowish brown very channery loam with grayish brown

redoximorphic depletions and yellowish brown redoximorphic concentrations

42 to 57 inches—yellowish brown very channery sandy loam with grayish brown

redoximorphic depletions and yellowish brown redoximorphic concentrations

Substratum:

57 to 67 inches—yellowish brown channery silt loam with grayish brown

redoximorphic depletions and yellowish brown redoximorphic concentrations

Soil Properties and Qualities

Drainage class: Moderately well drained

Permeability: Moderate to slow

Available water capacity: Very low or low

Depth to the seasonal high water table: 1.5 to 2.5 feet

Flooding: None

Shrink-swell potential: Low

Hazard of erosion: Very severe

Slope class: Steep or moderately steep

Stoniness: Extremely stony

Rockiness: Nonrocky

Natural fertility: Low

Reaction: Extremely acid to strongly acid

Organic matter content in the surface layer: Moderate

Surface runoff: High

Depth to bedrock: More than 60 inches

Inclusions

Limiting inclusions:

• Poorly drained Trussel soils

• Soils that have stones covering more than 15 percent of the surface

• Soils with slopes of more than 35 percent

Nonlimiting inclusions:

• Soils that have stones covering less than 3 percent of the surface

• Soils with slopes of less than 15 percent

Use and Management

Uses: Most areas of this map unit are wooded.

Cropland

Suitability: Unsuited

Management concerns: Erosion, slope, and stoniness

Pasture and Hayland

Suitability: Unsuited to hay; limited for pasture

Management concerns: Erosion, slope, stoniness, and overgrazing

Management considerations:

• Proper stocking rates that help to maintain desirable grasses and legumes and a

rotation grazing system are major pasture management needs.

Woodland

Potential productivity: Moderately high

Management concerns: Erosion and plant competition
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

203

Management considerations:

• Establishing roads and trails on a gentle grade across the slope and seeding and

mulching bare areas help to control erosion.

• Plant competition can be reduced by site preparation following harvest,

establishment of a new forest for tree crop production without delay, and the

application of herbicides that help to control undesirable vegetation.

Community Development

Suitability: Limited

Management concerns: Slope, slow water movement, and wetness

Management considerations:

• A suitable alternative site should be selected.

Interpretive Groups

Land capability classification: 7s

Woodland ordination symbol: 4R

SoF—Snowdog silt loam, 35 to 55 percent slopes,

extremely stony

Setting

Landscape position: Lower side slopes and footslopes, at the higher elevations west

of the Greenbrier River

Composition

Snowdog soil: 75 percent

Inclusions: 25 percent

Typical Profile

Surface layer:

0 to 2 inches—forest litter

2 to 4 inches—very dark brown silt loam

Subsoil:

4 to 6 inches—dark brown silt loam

6 to 18 inches—yellowish brown channery silt loam

18 to 42 inches—yellowish brown very channery loam with grayish brown

redoximorphic depletions and yellowish brown redoximorphic concentrations

42 to 57 inches—yellowish brown very channery sandy loam with grayish brown

redoximorphic depletions and yellowish brown redoximorphic concentrations

Substratum:

57 to 67 inches—yellowish brown channery silt loam with grayish brown

redoximorphic depletions and yellowish brown redoximorphic concentrations

Soil Properties and Qualities

Drainage class: Moderately well drained

Permeability: Moderate to slow

Available water capacity: Very low or low

Depth to the seasonal high water table: 1.5 to 2.5 feet

Flooding: None

Shrink-swell potential: Low

Hazard of erosion: Very severe

Slope class: Steep or very steep
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

204

Stoniness: Extremely stony

Rockiness: Nonrocky

Natural fertility: Low

Reaction: Extremely acid to strongly acid

Organic matter content in the surface layer: Moderate

Surface runoff: High

Depth to bedrock: More than 60 inches

Inclusions

Limiting inclusions:

• Poorly drained Trussel soils

• Soils that have stones covering more than 15 percent of the surface

• Soils with slopes of more than 55 percent

Nonlimiting inclusions:

• Soils that have stones covering less than 3 percent of the surface

• Soils with slopes of less than 35 percent

Use and Management

Uses: Most areas of this map unit are wooded.

Cropland

Suitability: Unsuited

Management concerns: Erosion, slope, and stoniness

Pasture and Hayland

Suitability: Unsuited

Management concerns: Erosion, slope, stoniness, and overgrazing

Woodland

Potential productivity: Moderately high

Management concerns: Erosion and plant competition

Management considerations:

• Establishing roads and trails on a gentle grade across the slope and seeding and

mulching bare areas help to control erosion.

• Plant competition can be reduced by site preparation following harvest,

establishment of a new forest for tree crop production without delay, and the

application of herbicides that help to control undesirable vegetation.

Community Development

Suitability: Unsuited

Management concerns: Slope, slow water movement, and wetness

Management considerations:

• A suitable alternative site should be selected.

Interpretive Groups

Land capability classification: 7s

Woodland ordination symbol: 4R

SvC—Summers very channery sandy loam, 0 to

15 percent slopes, very stony

Setting

Landscape position: Convex ridgetops, at the higher elevations west of the

Greenbrier River
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

205

Composition

Summers soil: 75 percent

Inclusions: 25 percent

Typical Profile

Surface layer:

0 to 2 inches—forest litter

2 to 10 inches—very dark gray very channery sandy loam

Subsurface layer:

10 to 13 inches—dark brown very channery sandy loam

Subsoil:

13 to 20 inches—dark yellowish brown very channery sandy loam

20 to 28 inches—yellowish brown very channery sandy loam

Substratum:

28 to 30 inches—yellowish brown extremely channery sandy loam

Bedrock:

30 inches—fractured, grayish brown, medium grained sandstone

Soil Properties and Qualities

Drainage class: Well drained

Permeability: Moderately rapid

Available water capacity: Low or moderate

Seasonal high water table: None

Flooding: None

Shrink-swell potential: Low

Hazard of erosion: Moderate or severe

Slope: Strongly sloping to nearly level

Stoniness: Very stony

Rockiness: Nonrocky

Natural fertility: Low

Reaction: Very strongly acid or strongly acid

Organic matter content in the surface layer: High

Surface runoff: Medium

Depth to bedrock: 20 to 40 inches

Bedrock: Sandstone

Inclusions

Limiting inclusions:

• Somewhat poorly drained Leatherbark soils

• Soils that have stones covering more than 3 percent of the surface

Nonlimiting inclusions:

• Moderately deep Mandy soils

• Soils that are more than 40 inches deep over bedrock

• Moderately deep Gauley soils

Use and Management

Uses: Most areas of this map unit are wooded (fig. 13).

Cropland

Suitability: Unsuited

Management concerns: Stoniness, erosion, and a short growing season
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

206

Pasture and Hayland

Suitability: Unsuited to hay; limited for pasture

Management concerns: Stoniness, erosion, and a short growing season

Management considerations:

• The stoniness restricts the use of most types of farm machinery.

• The short growing season limits the number of days animals can graze pasture.

Woodland

Potential productivity: Moderately high

Management concerns: Erosion

Management considerations:

• Establishing roads and trails on a gentle grade across the slope and seeding and

mulching bare areas help to control erosion in disturbed areas.

• Haul roads, skid roads, and log landings should be constructed in areas of the

included soils that are less stony, less sandy, have bedrock at a greater depth, and,

in the case of log landings, less sloping.

Community Development

Suitability: Limited

Management concerns: Depth to bedrock, stoniness, frost action, erosion, and slope

Management considerations:

• Building above the bedrock, landscaping with additional fill material, and designing

dwellings so they conform to the setting and to the natural slope of the land help to

overcome the limitations on sites for dwellings with and without basements.

Figure 13.—A typical wooded area of Summers very channery sandy loam, 0 to 15 percent slopes,

very stony.
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

207

• Revegetating during or soon after construction reduces the hazard of erosion in

areas cleared for construction.

• Increasing the size of lots so that they include areas of more favorable soils or

installing an alternate system helps to overcome the limited depth to bedrock on

sites for septic tank absorption fields.

• Constructing roads and streets on a gentle grade across the slope, clearing the

surface of stones, and providing a coarse textured base material to frost depth help

to overcome the limitations on sites for local roads and streets.

Interpretive Groups

Land capability classification: 6s

Woodland ordination symbol: 4A

Tp—Tioga-Potomac complex

Setting

Landscape position: Flood plains

Composition

Tioga soil: 55 percent

Potomac soil: 35 percent

Inclusions: 10 percent

Typical Profile

Tioga

Surface layer:

0 to 1 inch—leaf litter

1 to 8 inches—dark brown fine sandy loam

Subsoil:

8 to 17 inches—dark yellowish brown fine sandy loam

17 to 29 inches—dark yellowish brown fine sandy loam with pockets of loamy fine

sand

Substratum:

29 to 47 inches—dark yellowish brown loamy fine sand with pockets of fine sandy

loam

47 to 68 inches—brown fine sandy loam with pockets of loamy fine sand

Potomac

Surface layer:

0 to 6 inches—dark brown fine sandy loam

Substratum:

6 to 23 inches—brown extremely gravelly loamy sand with few pockets of fine sandy

loam

23 to 31 inches—dark yellowish brown very gravelly loamy sand with pockets of sand

31 to 65 inches—brown extremely gravelly loamy sand with pockets of sandy loam

Soil Properties and Qualities

Drainage class: Tioga—well drained; Potomac—somewhat excessively drained

Permeability: Tioga—moderate to very rapid; Potomac—rapid or very rapid

Available water capacity: Tioga—low to high; Potomac—very low or low

Seasonal high water table: Tioga—at a depth of 3 to 6 feet; Potomac—none

Flooding: Tioga—occasional; Potomac—frequent
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

208

Shrink-swell potential: None

Hazard of erosion: Slight

Slope class: Nearly level

Stoniness: Nonstony

Rockiness: Nonrocky

Natural fertility: Tioga—moderate or high; Potomac—moderate

Reaction: Strongly acid to neutral in the solum and very strongly acid to mildly

alkaline in the substratum

Organic matter content in the surface layer: Moderate

Surface runoff: Very low

Depth to bedrock: More than 60 inches

Inclusions

Limiting inclusions:

• Poorly drained soils

Nonlimiting inclusions:

• Chavies soils on rarely flooded terraces

Use and Management

Uses: Most areas of this map unit are wooded. A few small areas have been cleared,

but access to them is severely restricted by the high water channels of the

Greenbrier River.

Cropland

Suitability: Tioga—well suited; Potomac—limited

Management concerns: Organic matter content and fertility and tilth

Management considerations:

• Minimizing tillage, planting cover crops, and including grasses and legumes in the

cropping sequence help to increase the organic matter content and to maintain

fertility and tilth in cultivated areas.

Pasture and Hayland

Suitability: Tioga—well suited; Potomac—somewhat suited

Management concerns: Organic matter content, fertility and tilth, and overgrazing

Management considerations:

• Establishing and maintaining a mixture of grasses and legumes and applying a

properly designed grazing system are pasture management needs.

• Proper stocking rates, a rotation grazing system, and deferred grazing help to

maintain desirable grasses and legumes.

Woodland

Potential productivity: Tioga—moderately high; Potomac—moderately high

Management concerns: Stream disturbance

Management considerations:

• Installing streamside filter strips and revegetating bare areas help to control

erosion.

Community Development

Suitability: Unsuited

Management concerns: Flooding

Management considerations:

• A suitable alternative site should be selected.

Interpretive Groups

Land capability classification: Tioga—2w; Potomac—5s

Woodland ordination symbol: Tioga—4A; Potomac—4F
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

209

TrC—Trussel silt loam, 3 to 15 percent slopes, very stony

Setting

Landscape position: Footslopes and benches

Composition

Trussel soil: 80 percent

Inclusions: 20 percent

Typical Profile

Surface layer:

0 to 2 inches—forest litter

2 to 4 inches—black silt loam

Subsurface layer:

4 to 8 inches—light brownish gray silt loam with brownish yellow redoximorphic

concentrations

Subsoil:

8 to 13 inches—gray silt loam with brownish yellow and dark yellowish brown

redoximorphic concentrations

13 to 20 inches—gray channery silt loam with yellowish brown and dark yellowish

brown redoximorphic concentrations

20 to 37 inches—olive channery loam with gray redoximorphic depletions and strong

brown redoximorphic concentrations

37 to 49 inches—light olive gray very channery loam with strong brown redoximorphic

concentrations

Substratum:

49 to 67 inches—light olive brown very channery loam with gray redoximorphic

depletions and strong brown redoximorphic concentrations

Soil Properties and Qualities

Drainage class: Poorly drained

Permeability: Moderate to slow

Available water capacity: Very low or low

Seasonal high water table: Within a depth of 6 inches

Flooding: None or slight

Shrink-swell potential: Low

Hazard of erosion: Moderate or severe

Slope class: Strongly sloping or gently sloping

Stoniness: Very stony

Rockiness: Nonrocky

Natural fertility: Low

Reaction: Extremely acid to strongly acid

Organic matter content in the surface layer: Moderate

Surface runoff: Very high

Depth to bedrock: More than 60 inches

Inclusions

Limiting inclusions:

• Soils that have stones covering more than 3 percent of the surface

Nonlimiting inclusions:

• Moderately well drained Snowdog soils

• Well drained Udifluvents
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

210

Use and Management

Uses: Most areas of this map unit are wooded.

Cropland

Suitability: Unsuited

Management concerns: Wetness, erosion, and stoniness

Pasture and Hayland

Suitability: Unsuited to hay; suited to pasture

Management concerns: Wetness, erosion, stoniness, and overgrazing

Management considerations:

• Proper stocking rates that help to maintain desirable grasses and legumes and a

rotation grazing system are major pasture management needs.

Woodland

Potential productivity: High for red spruce

Management concerns: Plant competition and wetness

Management considerations:

• Site preparation following harvest and establishment of the new forest for tree crop

production without delay reduce plant competition.

• Logging should be deferred during wet seasons until the soil is reasonably firm.

• Applying gravel to the surface of the main roads helps to minimize the effects of the

wetness.

Community Development

Suitability: Unsuited

Management concerns: Wetness, slow water movement, and frost action

Management considerations:

• A suitable alternative site should be selected.

Interpretive Groups

Land capability classification: 6s

Woodland ordination symbol: 7W

Uf—Udifluvents-Fluvaquents complex

Setting

Landscape position: Flood plains, at an elevation of more than 3,000 feet

Note: The soils are so intermingled that it was not practical to map them separately;

however, Udifluvents tend to be more common along larger drainageways, while

Fluvaquents are most common along the smaller drainageways.

Composition

Udifluvents: 45 percent

Fluvaquents: 35 percent

Inclusions: 20 percent

Typical Profile

A typical pedon for Udifluvents and Fluvaquents is not given because the soils vary

so much.

Soil Properties and Qualities

Drainage class: Well drained to poorly drained

Permeability: Varies

Available water capacity: Varies
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

211

Seasonal high water table: Udifluvents—at a depth of 1.5 to 3.0 feet; Fluvaquents—

within a depth of 0.5 foot

Flooding: Udifluvents—rare to occasional; Fluvaquents—frequent or occasional

Shrink-swell potential: Varies

Erosion hazard: None or slight

Slope class: Nearly level

Stoniness: Nonstony

Rockiness: Nonrocky

Natural fertility: Varies

Reaction: Extremely acid to strongly acid

Organic matter content in the surface layer: Varies

Depth to bedrock: More than 60 inches

Inclusions

Limiting inclusions:

• Soils that have stones covering 0.1 to 3 percent of the surface

Nonlimiting inclusions:

• Soils similar to Udifluvents but having a cambic horizon

• Soils similar to Fluvaquents but having a histic epipedon

Use and Management

Uses: All areas of this map unit are managed for woodland and wildlife habitat.

Cropland

Suitability: Unsuited

Management concerns: Flooding

Pasture and Hayland

Suitability: Unsuited

Management concerns: Flooding

Woodland

Potential productivity: Varies

Management concerns: Wetness and flooding

Management considerations:

• Conventional skidder or tractor logging equipment should not be operated in areas

dominated by Fluvaquents.

• Conventional equipment can be used when timber is harvested during the drier

periods of the year in areas dominated by Udifluvents if precautions are taken.

• Haul roads and landings are best located in areas of well drained soils in adjacent

map units. If haul roads are built in areas of this map unit, some gravel surfacing

may be needed.

• Skidding equipment should not pass through poorly drained areas or cross

intermittent stream channels unless proper crossings have been developed.

• Maintaining streamside filter strips and seeding bare areas following use help to

control erosion.

Community Development

Suitability: Unsuited

Management concerns: Flooding and wetness

Management considerations:

• A suitable alternative site should be selected.

Interpretive Groups

Land capability classification: Unassigned

Woodland ordination symbol: Unassigned
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

212

Ux—Udorthents, smoothed-Rock outcrop complex

Setting

This map unit occurs as areas of soils that have been disturbed by road

construction or industrial and urban development intermingled with areas of Rock

outcrop. It is mainly along Interstate 64 and in the Lewisburg, Fairlea, Ronceverte,

and Alderson areas.

Composition

Udorthents: 50 percent

Rock outcrop: 35 percent

Inclusions: 15 percent

Typical Profile

Udorthents

A typical pedon is not given because the soils vary so much.

Rock outcrop

The Rock outcrop occurs as areas of exposed bedrock.

Soil Properties and Qualities

Drainage class: Well drained

Permeability: Varies

Available water capacity: Varies

Depth to the seasonal high water table: Varies

Flooding: Varies

Shrink-swell potential: Varies

Hazard of erosion: Varies

Slope class: Nearly level to extremely steep

Stoniness: Varies

Rockiness: Varies

Natural fertility: Low to high

Reaction: Varies

Organic matter content in the surface layer: Varies

Depth to bedrock: More than 60 inches in most fill areas

Bedrock: Varies

Inclusions

Nonlimiting inclusions:

• Frankstown soils

• Frederick soils

• Caneyville soils

• Culleoka soils

• Cateache soils

• Dekalb soils

• Lily soils

Use and Management

Uses: This map unit is used in association with building site development, or the

acreage is idle land.

Cropland

Suitability: Undetermined
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

213

Management considerations:

• Onsite investigation is necessary.

Pasture and Hayland

Suitability: Undetermined

Management considerations:

• Onsite investigation is necessary.

Woodland

Potential productivity: Undetermined

Management considerations:

• Onsite investigation is necessary.

Community Development

Suitability: Undetermined

Management considerations:

• Onsite investigation is necessary.

Interpretive Groups

Land capability classification: Not assigned

Woodland ordination symbol: Not assigned

WeC—Weikert channery silt loam, 8 to 15 percent slopes

Setting

Landscape position: Convex ridgetops, adjacent to terraces

Composition

Weikert soil: 80 percent

Inclusions: 20 percent

Typical Profile

Surface layer:

0 to 1 inch—forest litter

1 to 2 inches—dark brown channery silt loam

Subsurface layer:

2 to 7 inches—yellowish brown very channery silt loam

Subsoil:

7 to 12 inches—yellowish brown very channery silt loam

Substratum:

12 to 16 inches—brownish yellow extremely channery silt loam

Bedrock:

16 inches—multicolored siltstone and shale

Soil Properties and Qualities

Drainage class: Well drained

Permeability: Moderately rapid

Available water capacity: Very low

Seasonal high water table: None

Flooding: None

Shrink-swell potential: Low
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

214

Hazard of erosion: Severe

Slope class: Strongly sloping

Stoniness: Nonstony

Rockiness: Nonrocky

Natural fertility: Low

Reaction: Very strongly acid or strongly acid

Organic matter content in the surface layer: Low

Surface runoff: Low

Depth to bedrock: 10 to 20 inches

Bedrock: Siltstone and shale

Inclusions

Limiting inclusions:

• Soils that are less than 10 inches deep over bedrock

• Soils with slopes of more than 15 percent

• Soils that have stones covering 0.1 to 3 percent of the surface

Nonlimiting inclusions:

• Very deep Allegheny soils

• Moderately deep Berks soils

• Soils that have fewer rock fragments in the profile

• Soils with slopes of less than 8 percent

Use and Management

Uses: Most areas of this map unit are wooded. Some are used as pasture, and a few

are used for hay or cultivated crops.

Cropland

Suitability: Limited

Management concerns: Slope, erosion, depth to bedrock, and droughtiness

Management considerations:

• Applying a conservation tillage system, cultivating on the contour, applying a crop

sequence that includes hay, and returning crop residue to the soil help to control

erosion and maintain fertility and tilth in cultivated areas.

Pasture and Hayland

Suitability: Suited

Management concerns: Erosion and overgrazing

Management considerations:

• Proper stocking rates that help to maintain desirable grasses and legumes and a

rotation grazing system are major pasture management needs.

Woodland

Potential productivity: Moderate

Management concerns: Depth to bedrock, droughtiness during the growing season,

and erosion

Management considerations:

• Planting special nursery stock that is larger than is typical or that is containerized or

applying special site preparation, such as furrowing, helps to overcome the depth to

bedrock and reduce the seedling mortality rate.

• Establishing roads and trails on a gentle grade across the slope and seeding and

mulching bare areas help to control erosion.

Community Development

Suitability: Limited

Management concerns: Depth to bedrock, slope, erosion, and frost action
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

215

Management considerations:

• Building above the bedrock, landscaping with additional fill material, and designing

dwellings so that they conform to the setting and to the natural slope of the land

help to overcome the limitations on sites for dwellings with and without basements.

• Revegetating during or soon after construction reduces the hazard of erosion.

• Increasing the size of lots so that they include areas of more favorable soils or

installing an alternate system helps to overcome the limited depth to bedrock on

sites for septic tank absorption fields.

• Planning grades so that the removal of bedrock is not necessary, constructing

roads and streets on the contour, and providing coarse grained base material help

to overcome the depth to bedrock and slope and to prevent the damage caused by

frost action on sites for local roads and streets.

Interpretive Groups

Land capability classification: 4e

Woodland ordination symbol: 2D

WeD—Weikert channery silt loam, 15 to 25 percent slopes

Setting

Landscape position: Ridgetops or side slopes, adjacent to terraces

Composition

Weikert soil: 75 percent

Inclusions: 25 percent

Typical Profile

Surface layer:

0 to 1 inch—forest litter

1 to 2 inches—dark brown channery silt loam

Subsurface layer:

2 to 7 inches—yellowish brown very channery silt loam

Subsoil:

7 to 12 inches—yellowish brown very channery silt loam

Substratum:

12 to 16 inches—brownish yellow extremely channery silt loam

Bedrock:

16 inches—multicolored siltstone and shale

Soil Properties and Qualities

Drainage class: Well drained

Permeability: Moderately rapid

Available water capacity: Very low

Seasonal high water table: None

Flooding: None

Shrink-swell potential: Low

Hazard of erosion: Severe

Slope class: Moderately steep

Stoniness: Nonstony

Rockiness: Nonrocky
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

216

Natural fertility: Low

Reaction: Very strongly acid or strongly acid

Organic matter content in the surface layer: Low

Surface runoff: Medium

Depth to bedrock: 10 to 20 inches

Bedrock: Siltstone and shale

Inclusions

Limiting inclusions:

• Soils that are less than 10 inches deep over bedrock

• Soils with slopes of more than 25 percent

• Soils that have stones covering 0.1 to 3 percent of the surface

Nonlimiting inclusions:

• Very deep Allegheny soils

• Very deep Macove soils

• Moderately deep Berks soils

• Soils that have fewer rock fragments in the profile

• Soils with slopes of less than 15 percent

Use and Management

Uses: Most areas of this map unit are wooded. Some are used as pasture.

Cropland

Suitability: Unsuited

Management concerns: Slope, erosion, depth to bedrock, and droughtiness

Pasture and Hayland

Suitability: Unsuited to hay; suited to pasture

Management concerns: Slope, erosion, and overgrazing

Management considerations:

• Proper stocking rates that help to maintain desirable grasses and legumes and a

rotation grazing system are major pasture management needs.

Woodland

Potential productivity: Moderate

Management concerns: Depth to bedrock, droughtiness during the growing season,

slope, and erosion

Management considerations:

• Planting special nursery stock that is larger than is typical or that is containerized or

applying special site preparation, such as furrowing, helps to overcome the depth to

bedrock and reduce the seedling mortality rate.

• Establishing roads and trails on a gentle grade across the slope and seeding and

mulching bare areas help to control erosion.

Community Development

Suitability: Limited

Management concerns: Depth to bedrock, slope, erosion, and frost action

Management considerations:

• Building above the bedrock, landscaping with additional fill material, and

designing dwellings so that they conform to the setting and to the natural slope of

the land help to overcome the limitations on sites for dwellings with and without

basements.

• Revegetating during or soon after construction reduces the hazard of erosion.

• Increasing the size of lots so that they include areas of more favorable soils or

installing an alternate system helps to overcome the limited depth to bedrock on

sites for septic tank absorption fields.
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

217

• Planning grades so that the removal of bedrock is not necessary, constructing

roads and streets on the contour, and providing coarse grained base material help

to overcome the depth to bedrock and slope and to prevent the damage caused by

frost action on sites for local roads and streets.

Interpretive Groups

Land capability classification: 6e

Woodland ordination symbol: 3D on north aspects and 2D on south aspects

WeF—Weikert channery silt loam, 25 to 55 percent slopes

Setting

Landscape position: Side slopes, generally adjacent to flood plains or terraces

Composition

Weikert soil: 75 percent

Inclusions: 25 percent

Typical Profile

Surface layer:

0 to 1 inch—forest litter

1 to 2 inches—dark brown channery silt loam

Subsurface layer:

2 to 7 inches—yellowish brown very channery silt loam

Subsoil:

7 to 12 inches—yellowish brown very channery silt loam

Substratum:

12 to 16 inches—brownish yellow extremely channery silt loam

Bedrock:

16 inches—multicolored siltstone and shale

Soil Properties and Qualities

Drainage class: Well drained

Permeability: Moderately rapid

Available water capacity: Very low

Seasonal high water table: None

Flooding: None

Shrink-swell potential: Low

Hazard of erosion: Very severe

Slope class: Steep or very steep

Stoniness: Nonstony

Rockiness: Nonrocky

Natural fertility: Low

Reaction: Very strongly acid or strongly acid

Organic matter content in the surface layer: Low

Surface runoff: Medium

Depth to bedrock: 10 to 20 inches

Bedrock: Siltstone and shale

Inclusions

Limiting inclusions:

• Soils that are less than 10 inches deep over bedrock
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

218

• Soils with slopes of more than 55 percent

• Areas where erosion has removed most of the original surface layer and the subsoil

is exposed

• Soils that have stones covering 0.1 to 3 percent of the surface

Nonlimiting inclusions:

• Very deep soils

• Moderately deep Berks soils

• Soils that have fewer rock fragments in the profile

• Soils with slopes of less than 25 percent

Use and Management

Uses: Most areas of this map unit are wooded. Some are used as pasture.

Cropland

Suitability: Unsuited

Management concerns: Slope, erosion, the limited depth to bedrock, and

droughtiness during the growing season

Pasture and Hayland

Suitability: Unsuited to hay; limited for pasture

Management concerns: Slope, erosion, and overgrazing

Management considerations:

• Proper stocking rates that help to maintain desirable grasses and legumes and a

rotation grazing system are major pasture management needs.

Woodland

Potential productivity: Moderate

Management concerns: Depth to bedrock, droughtiness, slope, and erosion

Management considerations:

• Planting special nursery stock that is larger than is typical or that is containerized or

applying special site preparation, such as furrowing, helps to overcome the depth to

bedrock and reduce the seedling mortality rate.

• Specialized equipment or management techniques that are adapted to steep slopes

should be used when timber is harvested.

• Establishing roads and trails on a gentle grade across the slope and seeding and

mulching bare areas help to control erosion.

Community Development

Suitability: Unsuited

Management concerns: Depth to bedrock, slope, erosion, and frost action

Management considerations:

• A suitable alternative site should be selected.

Interpretive Groups

Land capability classification: 7e

Woodland ordination symbol: 2R

WrG—Weikert-Berks-Rough complex, 55 to 80 percent

slopes, very stony

Setting

Landscape position: Mountains and foothills

Composition

Weikert soil: 40 percent
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219

Berks soil: 35 percent

Rough soil: 15 percent

Inclusions: 10 percent

Typical Profile

Berks

Surface layer:

0 to 1 inch—leaf litter

1 to 3 inches—dark brown channery loam

Subsoil:

3 to 6 inches—brown channery loam

6 to 12 inches—brownish yellow channery loam

12 to 19 inches—brownish yellow very channery silt loam

19 to 23 inches—yellowish brown very channery silt loam

Substratum:

23 to 30 inches—yellowish brown very channery silt loam

Bedrock:

30 inches—highly weathered, strong brown, gray, and olive siltstone

Weikert

Surface layer:

0 to 1 inch—forest litter

1 to 2 inches—dark brown channery silt loam

Subsurface layer:

2 to 7 inches—yellowish brown very channery silt loam

Subsoil:

7 to 12 inches—yellowish brown very channery silt loam

Substratum:

12 to 16 inches—brownish yellow extremely channery silt loam

Bedrock:

16 inches—multicolored siltstone and shale

Rough

Surface layer:

0 to 2 inches—very dark grayish brown very channery silt loam

Subsoil:

2 to 4 inches—dark yellowish brown very channery silt loam

Substratum:

4 to 7 inches—dark yellowish brown extremely channery silt loam

Bedrock:

7 inches—fissile shale

Soil Properties and Qualities

Drainage class: Weikert and Berks—well drained; Rough—somewhat excessively

drained

Permeability: Berks—moderate or moderately rapid; Weikert—moderately rapid;

Rough—moderately rapid or rapid

Available water capacity: Berks—very low or low; Weikert and Rough—very low

Seasonal high water table: None

Flooding: None
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220

Shrink-swell potential: Low

Erosion hazard: Very severe

Slope class: Extremely steep

Stoniness: Very stony

Rockiness: None

Natural fertility: Low

Reaction: Berks—extremely acid to strongly acid; Weikert and Rough—very strongly

acid or strongly acid

Organic matter content of the surface layer: Low

Surface runoff: Weikert—medium; Berks—high; Rough—very high

Depth to bedrock: Weikert—10 to 20 inches; Berks—20 to 40 inches; Rough—4 to

10 inches

Bedrock: Siltstone and shale

Inclusions

Limiting inclusions:

• Soils with more than 60 percent channers

• Soils with an extremely stony surface

• Areas of rock outcrop

Nonlimiting inclusions:

• Soils that are loam or have less than 15 percent channers

• Gilpin soils

• Soils with a nonstony surface

• Very deep colluvial soils that have less than 35 percent rock fragments

throughout

Use and Management

Uses: All areas of this map unit are wooded.

Cropland

Suitability: Unsuited

Management concerns: Slope, erosion, and stoniness

Pasture and Hayland

Suitability: Unsuited

Management concerns: Slope, erosion, and stoniness

Woodland

Potential productivity: Moderate or moderately high on north aspects and moderate

on south aspects

Management concerns: Slope and erosion

Management considerations:

• Log landings can only be located in adjacent, less sloping areas, such as on

ridgetops or benches.

• Haul roads should be located in areas of adjacent, less sloping map units whenever

possible.

• If haul roads and skid trails must be constructed in this unit, they should be located

on a gentle grade across the slope. Full bench construction is recommended on

haul roads.

• The hazard of erosion can be reduced by establishing wide, streamside filter strips;

controlling surface runoff on roads, trails, and landings through the use of ditches,

dips, or water bars; and seeding bare areas.

• Logging systems that are adapted to extremely steep slopes, such as high

lead cable logging, are recommended because they allow timber to be
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

221

harvested without the use of skid trails, thus greatly reducing the hazard of

erosion.

Community Development

Suitability: Unsuited

Management concerns: Slope, erosion, depth to bedrock, and stoniness

Management considerations:

• A suitable alternative site should be selected.

Interpretive Groups

Land capability classification: 7s

Woodland ordination symbol: Berks—3R; Weikert and Rough—2R

ZoA—Zoar silt loam, 0 to 3 percent slopes

Setting

Landscape position: Stream terraces

Composition

Zoar soil: 80 percent

Inclusions: 20 percent

Typical Profile

Surface layer:

0 to 9 inches—dark brown silt loam

Subsoil:

9 to 17 inches—brown silty clay loam

17 to 25 inches—strong brown silty clay with strong brown redoximorphic

concentrations

25 to 43 inches—brown silty clay loam with gray redoximorphic depletions and strong

brown redoximorphic concentrations

Substratum:

43 to 53 inches—brown silty clay loam with gray redoximorphic depletions and strong

brown and brownish yellow redoximorphic concentrations

53 to 65 inches—brown silty clay with gray redoximorphic depletions and strong

brown redoximorphic concentrations

Soil Properties and Qualities

Drainage class: Moderately well drained

Permeability: Slow

Available water capacity: Moderate or high

Depth to the seasonal high water table: 1.5 to 2.5 feet

Flooding: None

Shrink-swell potential: Moderate

Hazard of erosion: Slight

Slope class: Nearly level

Stoniness: Nonstony

Rockiness: Nonrocky

Natural fertility: Moderate

Reaction: Very strongly acid or strongly acid

Organic matter content in the surface layer: Moderate
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222

Surface runoff: Low

Depth to bedrock: More than 60 inches

Inclusions

Limiting inclusions:

• Purdy soils in similar landscape positions

• Soils with slopes of more than 3 percent

Nonlimiting inclusions:

• Shouns soils on footslopes

Use and Management

Uses: Most areas of this map unit have been cleared. These areas are used as

cropland, hay, or pasture.

Cropland

Suitability: Suited

Management concerns: Organic matter content, fertility and tilth, and erosion

Management considerations:

• Minimizing tillage, planting cover crops, and including grasses and legumes in the

cropping sequence help to increase the organic matter content, maintain fertility

and tilth, and control erosion in cultivated areas.

Pasture and Hayland

Suitability: Suited

Management concerns: Establishing and maintaining a mixture of grasses and

legumes and applying proper grazing management

Management considerations:

• Proper stocking rates, a rotation grazing system, and deferred grazing help to

maintain desirable grasses and legumes.

Woodland

Potential productivity: Moderately high

Management concerns: Erosion on trails and log landings and plant competition

Management considerations:

• Establishing roads and trails on a gentle grade across the slope to facilitate

drainage and seeding and mulching bare areas help to control erosion.

• Site preparation following harvest and establishment of the new forest for tree crop

production without delay reduce plant competition.

Community Development

Suitability: Limited

Management concerns: Wetness, slow water movement, and low strength

Management considerations:

• Installing a drainage system around septic tank absorption fields and

constructing diversions that intercept water from upslope areas help to

overcome the wetness.

• An alternate system or a specially designed system may be needed to minimize

the effects of the slow water movement on sites for absorption fields.

• The wetness on sites for dwellings with and without basements can be overcome

by installing tile drains by footings, adequately sealing the foundation, and, if

possible, land shaping so that water moves away from the dwelling and runoff is

diverted.

• Providing a suitable subgrade or base material or applying other suitable

construction techniques helps to prevent the damage caused by low strength.
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

223

Interpretive Groups

Land capability classification: 2w

Woodland ordination symbol: 4A

225

Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

This soil survey is an inventory and evaluation of the soils in the survey area. It can

be used to adjust land uses to the limitations and potentials of natural resources and

the environment. Also, it can help to prevent soil-related failures in land uses.

In preparing a soil survey, soil scientists, conservationists, engineers, and others

collect extensive field data about the nature and behavioral characteristics of the

soils. They collect data on erosion, droughtiness, flooding, and other factors that

affect various soil uses and management. Field experience and collected data on soil

properties and performance are used as a basis in predicting soil behavior.

Information in this section can be used to plan the use and management of soils

for crops and pasture; as forestland; as sites for buildings, sanitary facilities, highways

and other transportation systems, and parks and other recreational facilities; for

agricultural waste management; and as wildlife habitat. It can be used to identify the

potentials and limitations of each soil for specific land uses and to help prevent

construction failures caused by unfavorable soil properties.

Planners and others using soil survey information can evaluate the effect of

specific land uses on productivity and on the environment in all or part of the survey

area. The survey can help planners to maintain or create a land use pattern in

harmony with the natural soil.

Contractors can use this survey to locate sources of sand and gravel, roadfill, and

topsoil. They can use it to identify areas where bedrock, wetness, or very firm soil

layers can cause difficulty in excavation.

Health officials, highway officials, engineers, and others may also find this survey

useful. The survey can help them plan the safe disposal of wastes and locate sites for

pavements, sidewalks, campgrounds, playgrounds, lawns, and trees and shrubs.

Interpretive Ratings

The interpretive tables in this survey rate the soils in the survey area for various

uses. Many of the tables identify the limitations that affect specified uses and indicate

the severity of those limitations. The ratings in these tables are both verbal and

numerical.

Rating Class Terms

Rating classes are expressed in the tables in terms that indicate the extent to

which the soils are limited by all of the soil features that affect a specified use or in

terms that indicate the suitability of the soils for the use. Thus, the tables may show

limitation classes or suitability classes. Terms for the limitation classes are not limited,

somewhat limited, and very limited. The suitability ratings are expressed as well

suited, moderately suited, poorly suited, and unsuited or as good, fair, and poor.

Numerical Ratings

Numerical ratings in the tables indicate the relative severity of individual limitations.

The ratings are shown as decimal fractions ranging from 0.00 to 1.00. They indicate

gradations between the point at which a soil feature has the greatest negative impact

Use and Management of the Soils
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

226

on the use and the point at which the soil feature is not a limitation. The limitations

appear in order from the most limiting to the least limiting. Thus, if more than one

limitation is identified, the most severe limitation is listed first and the least severe one

is listed last.

Crops and Pasture

Thomas Vance, district conservationist, Natural Resources Conservation Service, helped to prepare

this section.

General management needed for crops and pasture is suggested in this section.

The estimated yields of the main crops and pasture plants are listed, the system of

land capability classification used by the Natural Resources Conservation Service is

explained, and prime farmland is described.

Planners of management systems for individual fields or farms should consider the

detailed information given in the description of each soil under the heading “Detailed

Soil Map Units.” Specific information can be obtained from the local office of the

Natural Resources Conservation Service or the Cooperative Extension Service.

Some general principles of management apply to all of the soils suited to farm

crops and pasture throughout the county, although individual soils or groups of soils

require different kinds of management. The general principles of management are

described in the following paragraphs.

Most of the soils in the county have a moderate or low supply of plant nutrients. As

a result, applications of lime and fertilizer are necessary. The amounts to be applied

depend on the type of soil, the cropping history, the type of crop grown, and the level

of desired yields and should be determined by the results of soil tests and analyses.

The content of organic matter is low in most of the cultivated soils in the county.

Increasing the content is not feasible; however, the content can be maintained by

adding farm manure, returning crop residue to the soil, and growing sod crops, cover

crops, and green manure crops.

Tillage tends to break down soil structure and should be kept to the minimum

necessary to prepare the seedbed and control weeds. Maintaining the content of

organic matter in the plow layer helps to maintain soil structure.

No-till farming is becoming more common when some annual crops and new

stands of grasses and legumes are established. Winter cover crops also are being

included as part of no-till systems when row crops are grown. These practices help to

maintain the soil structure and the content of organic matter.

Runoff and erosion occur mainly while a cultivated crop is growing or soon after it

has been harvested. If cultivated, all of the gently sloping and steeper soils in the

county are subject to erosion. A suitable cropping system that helps to control erosion

is needed on these soils. In areas where such a system is applied, the main

management needs are proper crop rotations, minimum tillage, mulch planting, crop

residue management, cover crops and green manure crops, and applications of lime

and fertilizer. Other major erosion-control measures are contour farming, contour

stripcropping, and grassed waterways. The effectiveness of a particular combination

of these measures differs from one soil to another. Different combinations can be

equally effective on the same soil.

Erosion is a critical problem in the county on some of the soils commonly used as

pasture (fig. 14). Additional management concerns that are very difficult to overcome

include the slope, the large size of the individual pastures, low fertility, encroachment

of brush, and a lack of adequate water sources in proper locations.

A high level of pasture management, including applications of fertilizer, controlled

grazing, and proper selection of forage species, is needed to prevent excessive

erosion on some soils. The best controlled grazing system is rotating livestock from

one pasture to another and allowing for regrowth of the pasture plants. Other means
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

227

of controlling grazing are varying the stocking rate according to forage production at

different times in the growing season, deferring grazing to provide extra time for plant

growth in areas grazed in the midsummer or fall, improving the grazing distribution in

pastures by providing additional sources of water, and periodically moving the salt to

areas that are undergrazed.

Generally, the quality of plant species in pastured areas varies in direct proportion

to the level of management. In some situations it may be necessary to provide a seed

source for better quality forage plants as the overall management level is improved.

This is sometimes accomplished by feeding hay in areas where the ground cover is

sparse or the species are undesirable. Frost seeding also is an option. The

composition of the plant species also can be improved by increasing the level of

available plant nutrients in areas of soils that have adequate pH. Applications of

phosphate in pastured areas generally result in a higher percentage of white clover.

Personnel at the local office of the Natural Resources Conservation Service can

provide information and assistance in choosing suitable practices for the

management of the soils for crops and pasture.

Yields per Acre

The average yields per acre that can be expected of the principal crops under a

high level of management are shown in table 5. In any given year, yields may be

higher or lower than those indicated in the table because of variations in rainfall and

Figure 14.—These soils are severely eroded because they have not been properly managed in the

past.
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

228

other climatic factors. The land capability classification of map units in the survey area

also is shown in the table.

The yields are based mainly on the experience and records of farmers,

conservationists, and extension agents. Available yield data from nearby counties and

results of field trials and demonstrations also are considered.

The management needed to obtain the indicated yields of the various crops

depends on the kind of soil and the crop. Management can include drainage, erosion

control, and protection from flooding; the proper planting and seeding rates; suitable

high-yielding crop varieties; appropriate and timely tillage; control of weeds, plant

diseases, and harmful insects; favorable soil reaction and optimum levels of nitrogen,

phosphorus, potassium, and trace elements for each crop; effective use of crop

residue, barnyard manure, and green manure crops; and harvesting that ensures the

smallest possible loss.

The estimated yields reflect the productive capacity of each soil for each of the

principal crops. Yields are likely to increase as new production technology is

developed. The productivity of a given soil compared with that of other soils, however,

is not likely to change.

Crops other than those shown in table 5 are grown in the survey area, but

estimated yields are not listed because the acreage of such crops is small. The local

office of the Natural Resources Conservation Service or of the Cooperative Extension

Service can provide information about the management and productivity of the soils

for those crops.

Land Capability Classification

Land capability classification shows, in a general way, the suitability of soils for

most kinds of field crops. Crops that require special management are excluded. The

soils are grouped according to their limitations for field crops, the risk of damage if

they are used for crops, and the way they respond to management. The criteria used

in grouping the soils do not include major and generally expensive landforming that

would change slope, depth, or other characteristics of the soils, nor do they include

possible but unlikely major reclamation projects. Capability classification is not a

substitute for interpretations designed to show suitability and limitations of groups of

soils for forestland or for engineering purposes.

In the capability system, soils are generally grouped at three levels—capability

class, subclass, and unit (USDA 1961). Only class and subclass are used in this

survey.

Capability classes, the broadest groups, are designated by the numbers 1 through

8. The numbers indicate progressively greater limitations and narrower choices for

practical use. The classes are defined as follows:

Class 1 soils have slight limitations that restrict their use.

Class 2 soils have moderate limitations that restrict the choice of plants or that

require moderate conservation practices.

Class 3 soils have severe limitations that restrict the choice of plants or that require

special conservation practices, or both.

Class 4 soils have very severe limitations that restrict the choice of plants or that

require very careful management, or both.

Class 5 soils are subject to little or no erosion but have other limitations,

impractical to remove, that restrict their use mainly to pasture, rangeland, forestland,

or wildlife habitat.

Class 6 soils have severe limitations that make them generally unsuitable for

cultivation and that restrict their use mainly to pasture, rangeland, forestland, or

wildlife habitat.

Class 7 soils have very severe limitations that make them unsuitable for cultivation

and that restrict their use mainly to grazing, forestland, or wildlife habitat.
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

229

Class 8 soils and miscellaneous areas have limitations that preclude commercial

plant production and that restrict their use to recreational purposes, wildlife habitat,

watershed, or esthetic purposes.

Capability subclasses are soil groups within one class. They are designated by

adding a small letter, e, w, s, or c, to the class numeral, for example, 2e. The letter e

shows that the main hazard is the risk of erosion unless close-growing plant cover is

maintained; w shows that water in or on the soil interferes with plant growth or

cultivation (in some soils the wetness can be partly corrected by artificial drainage); s

shows that the soil is limited mainly because it is shallow, droughty, or stony; and c,

used in only some parts of the United States, shows that the chief limitation is climate

that is very cold or very dry.

In class 1 there are no subclasses because the soils of this class have few

limitations. Class 5 contains only the subclasses indicated by w, s, or c because the

soils in class 5 are subject to little or no erosion. They have other limitations that

restrict their use to pasture, rangeland, forestland, wildlife habitat, or recreation.

The acreage of soils in each capability class or subclass is shown in table 6. The

capability classification of map units in this survey area is given in the section

“Detailed Soil Map Units” and in the yields table.

Prime Farmland

Prime farmland is one of several kinds of important farmland defined by the U.S.

Department of Agriculture. It is of major importance in meeting the Nation’s short- and

long-range needs for food and fiber. Because the supply of high-quality farmland is

limited, the U.S. Department of Agriculture recognizes that responsible levels of

government, as well as individuals, should encourage and facilitate the wise use of

our Nation’s prime farmland.

Prime farmland, as defined by the U.S. Department of Agriculture, is land that has

the best combination of physical and chemical characteristics for producing food,

feed, forage, fiber, and oilseed crops and is available for these uses. It could be

cultivated land, pastureland, forestland, or other land, but it is not urban or built-up

land or water areas. The soil qualities, growing season, and moisture supply are

those needed for the soil to economically produce sustained high yields of crops

when proper management, including water management, and acceptable farming

methods are applied. In general, prime farmland has an adequate and dependable

supply of moisture from precipitation or irrigation, a favorable temperature and

growing season, acceptable acidity or alkalinity, an acceptable salt and sodium

content, and few or no rocks. It is permeable to water and air. It is not excessively

erodible or saturated with water for long periods, and it either is not frequently

flooded during the growing season or is protected from flooding. Slope ranges

mainly from 0 to 6 percent. More detailed information about the criteria for prime

farmland is available at the local office of the Natural Resources Conservation

Service.

About 38,204 acres in the survey area, or nearly 5.83 percent of the total acreage,

meets the soil requirements for prime farmland. Most areas of this land are adjacent

to the major drainageways or on the limestone flats that run in a north-south direction

between Renick and Ronceverte, in the center of the county.

The map units in the survey area that are considered prime farmland are listed in

table 7. This list does not constitute a recommendation for a particular land use. On

some soils included in the list, measures that overcome a hazard or limitation, such

as flooding, wetness, and droughtiness, are needed. Onsite evaluation is needed to

determine whether or not the hazard or limitation has been overcome by corrective

measures. The extent of each listed map unit is shown in table 4. The location is

shown on the detailed soil maps. The soil qualities that affect use and management

are described under the heading “Detailed Soil Map Units.”
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

230

Agricultural Waste Management

Soil properties are important considerations in areas where soils are used as sites

for the treatment and disposal of organic waste and wastewater. Selection of soils

with properties that favor waste management can help to prevent environmental

damage.

Tables 8a through 8c show the degree and kind of soil limitations affecting the

treatment of agricultural waste, including municipal and food-processing wastewater

and effluent from lagoons or storage ponds. Municipal wastewater is the waste

stream from a municipality. It contains domestic waste and may contain industrial

waste. It may have received primary or secondary treatment. It is rarely untreated

sewage. Food-processing wastewater results from the preparation of fruits,

vegetables, milk, cheese, and meats for public consumption. In places it is high in

content of sodium and chloride. In the context of these tables, the effluent in lagoons

and storage ponds is from facilities used to treat or store food-processing wastewater

or domestic or animal waste. Domestic and food-processing wastewater is very dilute,

and the effluent from the facilities that treat or store it commonly is very low in content

of carbonaceous and nitrogenous material; the content of nitrogen commonly ranges

from 10 to 30 milligrams per liter. The wastewater from animal waste treatment

lagoons or storage ponds, however, has much higher concentrations of these

materials, mainly because the manure has not been diluted as much as the domestic

waste. The content of nitrogen in this wastewater generally ranges from 50 to

2,000 milligrams per liter. When wastewater is applied, checks should be made to

ensure that nitrogen, heavy metals, and salts are not added in excessive amounts.

The ratings in the tables are for waste management systems that not only dispose

of and treat organic waste or wastewater but also are beneficial to crops (application

of manure and food-processing waste, application of sewage sludge, and disposal of

wastewater by irrigation) and for waste management systems that are designed only

for the purpose of wastewater disposal and treatment (overland flow of wastewater,

rapid infiltration of wastewater, and slow rate treatment of wastewater).

The ratings are both verbal and numerical. Rating class terms indicate the extent

to which the soils are limited by all of the soil features that affect agricultural waste

management. Not limited indicates that the soil has features that are very favorable

for the specified use. Good performance and very low maintenance can be expected.

Somewhat limited indicates that the soil has features that are moderately favorable for

the specified use. The limitations can be overcome or minimized by special planning,

design, or installation. Fair performance and moderate maintenance can be expected.

Very limited indicates that the soil has one or more features that are unfavorable for

the specified use. The limitations generally cannot be overcome without major soil

reclamation, special design, or expensive installation procedures. Poor performance

and high maintenance can be expected.

Numerical ratings in the tables indicate the severity of individual limitations. The

ratings are shown as decimal fractions ranging from 0.01 to 1.00. They indicate

gradations between the point at which a soil feature has the greatest negative impact

on the use (1.00) and the point at which the soil feature is not a limitation (0.00).

Application of manure and food-processing waste not only disposes of waste

material but also can improve crop production by increasing the supply of nutrients in

the soils where the material is applied. Manure is the excrement of livestock and

poultry, and food-processing waste is damaged fruit and vegetables and the peelings,

stems, leaves, pits, and soil particles removed in food preparation. The manure and

food-processing waste are either solid, slurry, or liquid. Their nitrogen content varies.

A high content of nitrogen limits the application rate. Toxic or otherwise dangerous

wastes, such as those mixed with the lye used in food processing, are not considered

in the ratings.
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

231

The ratings are based on the soil properties that affect absorption, plant growth,

microbial activity, erodibility, the rate at which the waste is applied, and the method by

which the waste is applied. The properties that affect absorption include permeability,

depth to a water table, ponding, the sodium adsorption ratio, depth to bedrock or a

cemented pan, and available water capacity. The properties that affect plant growth

and microbial activity include reaction, the sodium adsorption ratio, salinity, and bulk

density. The wind erodibility group, the soil erodibility factor K, and slope are

considered in estimating the likelihood that wind erosion or water erosion will

transport the waste material from the application site. Stones, cobbles, a water table,

ponding, and flooding can hinder the application of waste. Permanently frozen soils

are unsuitable for waste treatment.

Application of sewage sludge not only disposes of waste material but also can

improve crop production by increasing the supply of nutrients in the soils where the

material is applied. In the context of this table, sewage sludge is the residual product

of the treatment of municipal sewage. The solid component consists mainly of cell

mass, primarily bacteria cells that developed during secondary treatment and have

incorporated soluble organics into their own bodies. The sludge has small amounts of

sand, silt, and other solid debris. The content of nitrogen varies. Some sludge has

constituents that are toxic to plants or hazardous to the food chain, such as heavy

metals and exotic organic compounds, and should be analyzed chemically prior to

use.

The content of water in the sludge ranges from about 98 percent to less than

40 percent. The sludge is considered liquid if it is more than about 90 percent water,

slurry if it is about 50 to 90 percent water, and solid if it is less than about 50 percent

water.

The ratings in the table are based on the soil properties that affect absorption,

plant growth, microbial activity, erodibility, the rate at which the sludge is applied, and

the method by which the sludge is applied. The properties that affect absorption, plant

growth, and microbial activity include permeability, depth to a water table, ponding,

the sodium adsorption ratio, depth to bedrock or a cemented pan, available water

capacity, reaction, salinity, and bulk density. The wind erodibility group, the soil

erodibility factor K, and slope are considered in estimating the likelihood that wind

erosion or water erosion will transport the waste material from the application site.

Stones, cobbles, a water table, ponding, and flooding can hinder the application of

sludge. Permanently frozen soils are unsuitable for waste treatment.

Disposal of wastewater by irrigation not only disposes of municipal wastewater and

wastewater from food-processing plants, lagoons, and storage ponds but also can

improve crop production by increasing the amount of water available to crops. The

ratings in the table are based on the soil properties that affect the design,

construction, management, and performance of the irrigation system. The properties

that affect design and management include the sodium adsorption ratio, depth to a

water table, ponding, available water capacity, permeability, slope, and flooding. The

properties that affect construction include stones, cobbles, depth to bedrock or a

cemented pan, depth to a water table, and ponding. The properties that affect

performance include depth to bedrock or a cemented pan, bulk density, the sodium

adsorption ratio, salinity, reaction, and the cation-exchange capacity, which is used to

estimate the capacity of a soil to adsorb heavy metals. Permanently frozen soils are

not suitable for disposal of wastewater by irrigation.

Overland flow of wastewater is a process in which wastewater is applied to the

upper reaches of sloped land and allowed to flow across vegetated surfaces,

sometimes called terraces, to runoff-collection ditches. The length of the run generally

is 150 to 300 feet. The application rate ranges from 2.5 to 16.0 inches per week. It

commonly exceeds the rate needed for irrigation of cropland. The wastewater leaves

solids and nutrients on the vegetated surfaces as it flows downslope in a thin film.
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

232

Most of the water reaches the collection ditch, some is lost through

evapotranspiration, and a small amount may percolate to the ground water.

The ratings in the table are based on the soil properties that affect absorption,

plant growth, microbial activity, and the design and construction of the system.

Reaction and the cation-exchange capacity affect absorption. Reaction, salinity, and

the sodium adsorption ratio affect plant growth and microbial activity. Slope,

permeability, depth to a water table, ponding, flooding, depth to bedrock or a

cemented pan, stones, and cobbles affect design and construction. Permanently

frozen soils are unsuitable for waste treatment.

Rapid infiltration of wastewater is a process in which wastewater applied in a level

basin at a rate of 4 to 120 inches per week percolates through the soil. The

wastewater may eventually reach the ground water. The application rate commonly

exceeds the rate needed for irrigation of cropland. Vegetation is not a necessary part

of the treatment; hence, the basins may or may not be vegetated. The thickness of the

soil material needed for proper treatment of the wastewater is more than 72 inches.

As a result, geologic and hydrologic investigation is needed to ensure proper design

and performance and to determine the risk of ground-water pollution.

The ratings in the table are based on the soil properties that affect the risk of

pollution and the design, construction, and performance of the system. Depth to a

water table, ponding, flooding, and depth to bedrock or a cemented pan affect the risk

of pollution and the design and construction of the system. Slope, stones, and

cobbles also affect design and construction. Permeability and reaction affect

performance. Permanently frozen soils are unsuitable for waste treatment.

Slow rate treatment of wastewater is a process in which wastewater is applied to

land at a rate normally between 0.5 inch and 4.0 inches per week. The application

rate commonly exceeds the rate needed for irrigation of cropland. The applied

wastewater is treated as it moves through the soil. Much of the treated water may

percolate to the ground water, and some enters the atmosphere through

evapotranspiration. The applied water generally is not allowed to run off the surface.

Waterlogging is prevented either through control of the application rate or through the

use of tile drains, or both.

The ratings in the table are based on the soil properties that affect absorption,

plant growth, microbial activity, erodibility, and the application of waste. The properties

that affect absorption include the sodium adsorption ratio, depth to a water table,

ponding, available water capacity, permeability, depth to bedrock or a cemented pan,

reaction, the cation-exchange capacity, and slope. Reaction, the sodium adsorption

ratio, salinity, and bulk density affect plant growth and microbial activity. The wind

erodibility group, the soil erodibility factor K, and slope are considered in estimating

the likelihood of wind erosion or water erosion. Stones, cobbles, a water table,

ponding, and flooding can hinder the application of waste. Permanently frozen soils

are unsuitable for waste treatment.

Forest Productivity and Management

Thomas Halki, service forester, West Virginia Division of Forestry, helped to prepare this section.

Of the total 655,800 acres in the county, about 493,500 acres, or more than

75 percent of the total acreage, is used as commercial forestland. About 300 acres

is noncommercial forestland, and the remaining 162,000 acres in the county is not

forested. About 101,270 acres of the Monongahela National Forest is in Greenbrier

County. Most of this land is included in the total acreage of commercial forestland

described in the first sentence of this paragraph.

Greenbrier County has a significantly higher proportion of northern hardwood

timber types, such as sugar maple, beech, and yellow birch, than most other counties

in West Virginia. This type is, especially in the western portion of the county, on highly
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233

productive sites and generally includes a significant proportion of black cherry. White

oak, black oak, and northern red oak types tend to be on the drier sites in the eastern

portion of the county. Much of the eastern portion of the county originally supported

large stands of high-quality eastern white pine, and in many areas the current stands

of white oak, black oak, and northern red oak type are reverting to eastern white pine

through succession. The increased production of eastern white pine represents a

long-term opportunity in the county. The higher elevations, generally above 3,500 feet,

have an increasing amount of red spruce, either in relatively pure stands or mixed

with northern hardwoods.

The principal product manufactured by sawmills in the county is green lumber,

which is shipped to the manufacturing areas of North Carolina and Virginia, primarily

for use in the production of furniture, flooring, and architectural woodworking. Lower

grades of lumber are sold and used locally or in the manufacture of pallets. Some

high-quality logs are sold for veneer manufactured outside the county. Greenbrier

County is within the normal procurement area of the pulp and paper mill at Covington,

Virginia.

In general, Greenbrier County has a major timber resource, particularly of

hardwood species. The output of timber could be greatly increased on a sustained

yield basis, especially through expanded use of smaller sized timber. Development of

drying facilities and small to moderate sized secondary manufacturing would be

especially desirable to improve the contribution of forest products to the local

economy.

The tables in this section can help forest owners or managers plan the use of soils

for wood crops. They show the potential productivity of the soils for wood crops and

rate the soils according to the limitations that affect various aspects of forest

management.

Forest Productivity

In table 9, the potential productivity of merchantable or common trees on a soil is

expressed as a site index and as a volume number. The site index is the average

height, in feet, that dominant and codominant trees of a given species attain in a

specified number of years. The site index applies to fully stocked, even-aged,

unmanaged stands. Commonly grown trees are those that forest managers generally

favor in intermediate or improvement cuttings. They are selected on the basis of

growth rate, quality, value, and marketability. More detailed information regarding site

index is available in the “National Forestry Manual,” which is available in local offices

of the Natural Resources Conservation Service or on the Internet (http://

soils.usda.gov/technical/nfmanual).

The volume of wood fiber, a number, is the yield likely to be produced by the most

important tree species. This number, expressed as cubic feet per acre per year and

calculated at the age of culmination of the mean annual increment (CMAI), indicates

the amount of fiber produced in a fully stocked, even-aged, unmanaged stand.

Trees to manage are those that are preferred for planting, seeding, or natural

regeneration and those that remain in the stand after thinning or partial harvest.

Forest Management

In tables 10a through 10e, interpretive ratings are given for various aspects of

forest management. The ratings are both verbal and numerical.

Some rating class terms indicate the degree to which the soils are suited to a

specified forest management practice. Well suited indicates that the soil has features

that are favorable for the specified practice and has no limitations. Good performance

can be expected, and little or no maintenance is needed. Moderately suited indicates

that the soil has features that are moderately favorable for the specified practice. One

or more soil properties are less than desirable, and fair performance can be
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

234

expected. Some maintenance is needed. Poorly suited indicates that the soil has one

or more properties that are unfavorable for the specified practice. Overcoming the

unfavorable properties requires special design, extra maintenance, and costly

alteration. Unsuited indicates that the expected performance of the soil is

unacceptable for the specified practice or that extreme measures are needed to

overcome the undesirable soil properties.

Numerical ratings in the tables indicate the severity of individual limitations. The

ratings are shown as decimal fractions ranging from 0.01 to 1.00. They indicate

gradations between the point at which a soil feature has the greatest negative impact

on the specified forest management practice (1.00) and the point at which the soil

feature is not a limitation (0.00).

Rating class terms for fire damage and seedling mortality are expressed as low,

moderate, and high. Where these terms are used, the numerical ratings indicate

gradations between the point at which the potential for fire damage or seedling

mortality is highest (1.00) and the point at which the potential is lowest (0.00).

The paragraphs that follow indicate the soil properties considered in rating the soils

for forest management practices. More detailed information about the criteria used in

the ratings is available in the “National Forestry Manual,” which is available in local

offices of the Natural Resources Conservation Service or on the Internet (http://

soils.usda.gov/technical/nfmanual).

For limitations affecting construction of haul roads and log landings, the ratings are

based on slope, flooding, permafrost, plasticity index, the hazard of soil slippage,

content of sand, the Unified classification, rock fragments on or below the surface,

depth to a restrictive layer that is indurated, depth to a water table, and ponding. The

limitations are described as slight, moderate, or severe. A rating of slight indicates

that no significant limitations affect construction activities, moderate indicates that

one or more limitations can cause some difficulty in construction, and severe

indicates that one or more limitations can make construction very difficult or very

costly.

The ratings of suitability for log landings are based on slope, rock fragments on the

surface, plasticity index, content of sand, the Unified classification, depth to a water

table, ponding, flooding, and the hazard of soil slippage. The soils are described as

well suited, moderately suited, or poorly suited to use as log landings.

Ratings in the column soil rutting hazard are based on depth to a water table, rock

fragments on or below the surface, the Unified classification, depth to a restrictive

layer, and slope. Ruts form as a result of the operation of forest equipment. The

hazard is described as slight, moderate, or severe. A rating of slight indicates that the

soil is subject to little or no rutting, moderate indicates that rutting is likely, and severe

indicates that ruts form readily.

Ratings in the column hazard of off-road or off-trail erosion are based on slope and

on soil erodibility factor K. The soil loss is caused by sheet or rill erosion in off-road or

off-trail areas where 50 to 75 percent of the surface has been exposed by logging,

grazing, mining, or other kinds of disturbance. The hazard is described as slight,

moderate, severe, or very severe. A rating of slight indicates that erosion is unlikely

under ordinary climatic conditions; moderate indicates that some erosion is likely and

that erosion-control measures may be needed; severe indicates that erosion is very

likely and that erosion-control measures, including revegetation of bare areas, are

advised; and very severe indicates that significant erosion is expected, loss of soil

productivity and off-site damage are likely, and erosion-control measures are costly

and generally impractical.

Ratings in the column hazard of erosion on roads and trails are based on the soil

erodibility factor K, slope, and content of rock fragments. The ratings apply to

unsurfaced roads and trails. The hazard is described as slight, moderate, or severe. A

rating of slight indicates that little or no erosion is likely; moderate indicates that some
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

235

erosion is likely, that the roads or trails may require occasional maintenance, and that

simple erosion-control measures are needed; and severe indicates that significant

erosion is expected, that the roads or trails require frequent maintenance, and that

costly erosion-control measures are needed.

Ratings in the column suitability for roads (natural surface) are based on slope,

rock fragments on the surface, plasticity index, content of sand, the Unified

classification, depth to a water table, ponding, flooding, and the hazard of soil

slippage. The ratings indicate the suitability for using the natural surface of the soil for

roads. The soils are described as well suited, moderately suited, or poorly suited to

this use.

Ratings in the columns suitability for hand planting and suitability for mechanical

planting are based on slope, depth to a restrictive layer, content of sand, plasticity

index, rock fragments on or below the surface, depth to a water table, and ponding.

The soils are described as well suited, moderately suited, poorly suited, or unsuited

to these methods of planting. It is assumed that necessary site preparation is

completed before seedlings are planted.

Ratings in the column suitability for use of harvesting equipment are based on

slope, rock fragments on the surface, plasticity index, content of sand, the Unified

classification, depth to a water table, and ponding. The soils are described as well

suited, moderately suited, or poorly suited to this use.

Ratings in the column suitability for mechanical site preparation (surface) are

based on slope, depth to a restrictive layer, plasticity index, rock fragments on or

below the surface, depth to a water table, and ponding. The soils are described as

well suited, poorly suited, or unsuited to this management activity. The part of the soil

from the surface to a depth of about 1 foot is considered in the ratings.

Ratings in the column suitability for mechanical site preparation (deep) are based

on slope, depth to a restrictive layer, rock fragments on or below the surface, depth to

a water table, and ponding. The soils are described as well suited, poorly suited, or

unsuited to this management activity. The part of the soil from the surface to a depth

of about 3 feet is considered in the ratings.

Ratings in the column potential for damage to soil by fire are based on texture of

the surface layer, content of rock fragments and organic matter in the surface layer,

thickness of the surface layer, and slope. The soils are described as having a low,

moderate, or high potential for this kind of damage. The ratings indicate an evaluation

of the potential impact of prescribed fires or wildfires that are intense enough to

remove the duff layer and consume organic matter in the surface layer.

Ratings in the column potential for seedling mortality are based on flooding,

ponding, depth to a water table, content of lime, reaction, salinity, available water

capacity, soil moisture regime, soil temperature regime, aspect, and slope. The soils

are described as having a low, moderate, or high potential for seedling mortality.

Recreation

Jim Miller, recreation technician, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, helped to prepare this

section.

Greenbrier County is within a day’s drive of about one-half of the population of the

United States, providing a demographic location high in potential use for recreation. It

abounds with opportunities for outdoor recreation in a beautiful natural setting. The

Greenbrier River and the associated Greenbrier River Trail, as well as the

Monongahela National Forest, bring many outdoor visitors to this area. The

Greenbrier River valley with karst topography and rolling farmland dominates the

eastern part of the county, while the western part, which is part of the Appalachian

Plateau, is characterized by deep gorges, rushing mountain streams, and elevations
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236

of more than 4,000 feet. Another very unique area near the Meadow River consists of

hardwood swamps that support a variety of vegetation and wildlife.

The Monongahela National Forest, the Greenbrier State Forest, and parts of the

Calvin Price State Forest and Beartown State Park provide many areas for dispersed

recreation, such as hiking, hunting, fishing, bird watching, mountain biking, driving for

pleasure, horseback riding, and Nordic skiing. Camping, picnicking, swimming, and

boating are available at Lake Sherwood (fig. 15) and Summit Lake in the national

forest. Blue Bend Recreation Area, which was built by the Civilian Conservation

Corps and is in an area of the national forest, provides opportunities for hiking,

fishing, picnicking, camping, and swimming. The Greenbrier State Forest has camp

areas, cabins to rent, and a swimming pool with lifeguards, as well as opportunities

for picnicking, hiking, and attending seasonal naturalist programs.

The Greenbrier River and the associated Greenbrier River Trail State Park are

heavily used by recreationists from West Virginia and elsewhere. Fishing, boating,

tubing, and swimming are common activities in the river, and hiking, biking, and

horseback riding are uses associated with the trail, which is an old railroad grade.

Greenbrier County has more than a thousand caves and is a prime area for

spelunking and cave studies. Two fine commercial caves, Lost World Caverns and

Organ Cave, provide tours for casual visitors and extended expeditions for the

adventurous.

Golfing is very popular in the Greenbrier County area with three championship

courses at the Greenbrier Resort, a 9-hole course at White Sulphur Springs, the

Lewisburg Elks Country Club, Greenbrier Hills near Rainelle, and Oakhurst Links,

which was the first organized golf club in the United States, near White Sulphur

Springs (fig. 16).

Figure 15.—Lake Sherwood, which is part of Monongahela National Forest, is a major recreation

destination in the county.
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

237

The world renowned Greenbrier Resort is situated on 6,500 acres near White

Sulphur Springs. Recreational opportunities include golf, tennis, swimming,

horseback riding, carriage rides, hiking, fly fishing, hunting small game, mountain

biking, croquet, falconry, skeet and trap shooting, billiards, and bowling.

The National Fish Hatchery at White Sulphur Springs has beautiful grounds for

walking, a visitor center, display pond, and other ponds where trout, trout eggs, and

endangered mussels are grown. It provides 10 million trout eggs annually for

shipment to other hatcheries.

The State Fair of West Virginia is held for 10 days every August in Fairlea, near

Lewisburg. Amusement rides, live entertainment, harness racing, exhibits, horse and

livestock shows, and fireworks are a few of the attractions at this large event.

Carnegie Hall, located in Lewisburg, is one of only four Carnegie Halls still in

continuous use in the world. It offers a wide variety of live performances throughout

the year, including blues, Celtic, classical, folk, modern dance, family shows, musical

theatre, choral, and more. Taste of Our Town (T.O.O.T.) is held every year in October

as a fundraiser for the hall and brings a few thousand people to downtown Lewisburg.

The Greenbrier Valley Theatre presents live performances in downtown Lewisburg

year round. Performances include Broadway musicals, classical and modern drama,

new works, and children’s theatre.

The soils of the survey area are rated in tables 11a and 11b according to

limitations that affect their suitability for recreation. The ratings are both verbal and

numerical. Rating class terms indicate the extent to which the soils are limited by all

of the soil features that affect the recreational uses. Not limited indicates that the soil

has features that are very favorable for the specified use. Good performance and very

low maintenance can be expected. Somewhat limited indicates that the soil has

features that are moderately favorable for the specified use. The limitations can be

overcome or minimized by special planning, design, or installation. Fair performance

and moderate maintenance can be expected. Very limited indicates that the soil has

one or more features that are unfavorable for the specified use. The limitations

generally cannot be overcome without major soil reclamation, special design, or

expensive installation procedures. Poor performance and high maintenance can be

expected.

Numerical ratings in the tables indicate the severity of individual limitations.

The ratings are shown as decimal fractions ranging from 0.01 to 1.00. They

indicate gradations between the point at which a soil feature has the greatest

Figure 16.—Established in 1884, Oakhurst Links, near White Sulphur Springs, is the oldest

established golf course in the United States.
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

238

negative impact on the use (1.00) and the point at which the soil feature is not a

limitation (0.00).

The ratings in the tables are based on restrictive soil features, such as wetness,

slope, and texture of the surface layer. Susceptibility to flooding is considered. Not

considered in the ratings, but important in evaluating a site, are the location and

accessibility of the area, the size and shape of the area and its scenic quality,

vegetation, access to water, potential water impoundment sites, and access to public

sewer lines. The capacity of the soil to absorb septic tank effluent and the ability of

the soil to support vegetation also are important. Soils that are subject to flooding are

limited for recreational uses by the duration and intensity of flooding and the season

when flooding occurs. In planning recreational facilities, onsite assessment of the

height, duration, intensity, and frequency of flooding is essential.

The information in tables 11a and 11b can be supplemented by other information

in this survey, for example, interpretations for building site development, construction

materials, sanitary facilities, and water management.

Camp areas require site preparation, such as shaping and leveling the tent and

parking areas, stabilizing roads and intensively used areas, and installing sanitary

facilities and utility lines. Camp areas are subject to heavy foot traffic and some

vehicular traffic. The ratings are based on the soil properties that affect the ease of

developing camp areas and the performance of the areas after development. Slope,

stoniness, and depth to bedrock or a cemented pan are the main concerns affecting

the development of camp areas. The soil properties that affect the performance of the

areas after development are those that influence trafficability and promote the growth

of vegetation, especially in heavily used areas. For good trafficability, the surface of

camp areas should absorb rainfall readily, remain firm under heavy foot traffic, and

not be dusty when dry. The soil properties that influence trafficability are texture of the

surface layer, depth to a water table, ponding, flooding, permeability, and large

stones. The soil properties that affect the growth of plants are depth to bedrock or a

cemented pan, permeability, and toxic substances in the soil.

Picnic areas are subject to heavy foot traffic. Most vehicular traffic is confined to

access roads and parking areas. The ratings are based on the soil properties that

affect the ease of developing picnic areas and that influence trafficability and the

growth of vegetation after development. Slope and stoniness are the main concerns

affecting the development of picnic areas. For good trafficability, the surface of picnic

areas should absorb rainfall readily, remain firm under heavy foot traffic, and not be

dusty when dry. The soil properties that influence trafficability are texture of the

surface layer, depth to a water table, ponding, flooding, permeability, and large

stones. The soil properties that affect the growth of plants are depth to bedrock or a

cemented pan, permeability, and toxic substances in the soil.

Playgrounds require soils that are nearly level, are free of stones, and can

withstand intensive foot traffic. The ratings are based on the soil properties that affect

the ease of developing playgrounds and that influence trafficability and the growth of

vegetation after development. Slope and stoniness are the main concerns affecting

the development of playgrounds. For good trafficability, the surface of the playgrounds

should absorb rainfall readily, remain firm under heavy foot traffic, and not be dusty

when dry. The soil properties that influence trafficability are texture of the surface

layer, depth to a water table, ponding, flooding, permeability, and large stones. The

soil properties that affect the growth of plants are depth to bedrock or a cemented

pan, permeability, and toxic substances in the soil.

Paths and trails for hiking and horseback riding should require little or no slope

modification through cutting and filling. The ratings are based on the soil properties

that affect trafficability and erodibility. These properties are stoniness, depth to a

water table, ponding, flooding, slope, and texture of the surface layer.
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

239

Off-road motorcycle trails require little or no site preparation. They are not

covered with surfacing material or vegetation. Considerable compaction of the

soil material is likely. The ratings are based on the soil properties that influence

erodibility, trafficability, dustiness, and the ease of revegetation. These properties

are stoniness, slope, depth to a water table, ponding, flooding, and texture of the

surface layer.

Golf fairways are subject to heavy foot traffic and some light vehicular traffic.

Cutting or filling may be required. Irrigation is not considered in the ratings. The

ratings are based on the soil properties that affect plant growth and trafficability after

vegetation is established. The properties that affect plant growth are reaction; depth

to a water table; ponding; depth to bedrock or a cemented pan; the available water

capacity in the upper 40 inches; the content of salts, sodium, or calcium carbonate;

and sulfidic materials. The properties that affect trafficability are flooding, depth to a

water table, ponding, slope, stoniness, and the amount of sand, clay, or organic

matter in the surface layer. The suitability of the soil for traps, tees, roughs, and

greens is not considered in the ratings.

Wildlife Habitat

Bill Igo, research wildlife biologist, West Virginia Division of Natural Resources, helped to prepare this

section.

Soils affect the kind and amount of vegetation that is available to wildlife as food

and cover. They also affect the construction of water impoundments (fig. 17). The kind

and abundance of wildlife depend largely on the amount and distribution of food,

cover, and water. Wildlife habitat can be created or improved by planting appropriate

vegetation, by maintaining the existing plant cover, or by promoting the natural

establishment of desirable plants.

Figure 17.—Enhancement of wildlife habitat at Lake Tuckahoe, a constructed lake that helps to

protect the city of White Sulphur Springs from flooding.
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

240

All wildlife species depend, directly or indirectly, on plants for survival. Herbivores

rely on plants for food and cover, and carnivores and omnivores depend on

herbivores as a food source and on plants for either food or cover, or both. The

greater the number and variety of plants, the greater the number and variety of

wildlife.

Greenbrier County is in two major land resource areas (MLRAs). These areas with

their distinct vegetative components provide habitat for a wide diversity of wildlife

species. The Eastern Allegheny Plateau and Mountains MLRA, which has northern

hardwood forests, central hardwoods, and some isolated spruce tracts, comprises the

western portion of the county. The Northern Appalachian Ridges and Valleys MLRA,

with its oak-hickory-pine forest type, is primarily east of the Greenbrier River.

The dry oak-hickory-pine forests east of the Greenbrier River have a low to

abundant population of gray squirrel, wild turkey, and white-tailed deer, depending

upon acorn and hickory nut production. Fair numbers of ruffed grouse are in cutover

lands, as well as in most forest stands containing mountain laurel or rhododendron.

Black bear numbers have grown steadily, especially in areas of national forestland,

since the forests have matured and public access has been controlled, providing

more remote habitat conditions. Eastern cottontails are common in fields and bushy

habitats in the valleys, while some scattered Appalachian cottontails, sometimes

referred to as woods rabbits, inhabit recently regenerated and young growth stands at

the higher elevations. Predators include the gray fox, primarily an interior woods

species, and the red fox at the lower elevations. Bobcats are common around open

habitats.

Typical songbirds include pine, golden-winged, cerulean, worm-eating, and blackand-white warblers; ovenbirds; Louisiana waterthrush; wood thrush; downy, hairy, and

pileated woodpeckers; Acadian flycatcher; Eastern wood-pewee; red-eyed vireo;

indigo bunting; rufous-sided towhee; black-capped chickadee; and scarlet tanager.

The most common nuthatch species is the white-breasted, though some red-breasted

nuthatches breed in white pine areas in this part of the county. Pine siskins have

nested in the area in some years following late winters and heavy production of white

pine cones, and red crossbills breed occasionally at pine sites at the higher

elevations.

Northern fence lizards are common, particularly on warm, dry slopes having a

west or south aspect. Found with the more common pickerel frogs and spring

peepers is the upland chorus frog, which is mainly only in the Northern Appalachian

Ridges and Valleys MLRA in Greenbrier County. The rare grizzled skipper butterfly

also is in this part of the county.

The Greenbrier River Valley, one of the major river valleys in West Virginia, lies

mainly to the west of the Greenbrier River. It is comprised primarily of agricultural

fields, pastures, and scattered woodlots. Fox squirrels are common; white-tailed deer

numbers have been increasing; and rabbits, all eastern cottontails, thrive, especially

when adequate summer rains provide sufficient late season herbaceous cover. Most

forest dwelling species, such as wild turkey, black bear, wood thrush, scarlet tanager,

and eastern wood-pewee, are not so common as they are east of the Greenbrier

River. The red fox is the most common mammalian predator; gray fox and bobcat are

in the area but in lower numbers.

Carolina chickadees replace black-capped chickadees in the southern portion of

the valley. Common songbirds here are associated with open areas. They include

song, field, and chipping sparrows; meadowlarks; red-bellied woodpeckers; yellowshafted flickers; red-winged blackbirds; brown-headed cowbirds; cardinals; catbirds;

mockingbirds; yellow warblers; phoebes; robins; blackbirds; Baltimore and orchard

orioles; and house and Carolina wrens. Savannah and grasshopper sparrows, redheaded woodpeckers, and loggerhead shrikes also breed here but in smaller

numbers. In association with the considerable amount of limestone bedrock and well
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

241

developed karst topography in the valley, numerous cave systems occur and contain

a number of unique wildlife species, including the Indiana bat, the West Virginia

spring salamander (found only in the General Davis Cave), cave salamander, cave

crawfish, and several endemic cave beetles and other cave arthropods. Another

amphibian, the Valley and Ridge salamander, is also found under rocks, logs, or other

debris and is usually restricted to the Greenbrier Valley.

The Cold Knob area with elevations of more than 4,300 feet is in the northwest

part of the county in the Eastern Allegheny Plateau and Mountains MLRA. It has

lower temperatures, more precipitation, and much deeper snowfall than other portions

of Greenbrier County. The northern hardwood and mixed hardwood forests

associated with this province are home to a good black bear population. Squirrel,

turkey, and deer numbers are fair to low. Appalachian cottontails occur here in good

numbers, along with a low population of snowshoe hares. Hares are closely

associated with red spruce, hemlock, and dense rhododendron thickets, which afford

protection from great-horned and barred owls, gray fox, and bobcat, all of which are

common. Bird species here are typical of northern environments. They include blackthroated green, black-throated blue, mourning, Canada, magnolia, and Blackburnian

warblers; winter wren; solitary vireo; hermit and Swainson thrushes; veery; rosebreasted grosbreaks; golden-crowned kinglet; and purple finch. Saw-whet owls have

also been heard here and probably breed in the area. Reptiles are less abundant in

numbers and diversity than in the warmer, drier eastern and southern portions of the

county. Mountain chorus frogs are in this area of the county.

The western portion of the county at the lower elevations contains the Meadow

River and its unique pin oak swamps and other wetlands. Forest types are quite

varied and include northern hardwoods, cover hardwoods, mixed oak, and mixed

hardwood types. Squirrel, turkey, and bear maintain fair to good numbers, while deer

populations are low but growing. Grouse numbers in this area appear to be less

stable than those in other areas of the county: some years show abundant numbers

while in other years ruffed grouse are scarce. Woodcock populations are good in this

area, especially along the rich wetlands of the Meadow River and its tributaries. The

birds in the western portion of the state are similar to those commonly found in the

eastern portion of the county, except red-bellied woodpeckers, willow and least

flycatchers, and Carolina chickadees are more common in the western portion.

The Greenbrier and Meadow Rivers and their tributaries provide habitat for good

numbers of wood ducks. Canada geese are especially common breeders in ponds in

the Greenbrier Valley and produce heavily along the Greenbrier River if spring

flooding does not occur during nesting. The population of beaver, mink, and muskrat

is good throughout the county, particularly along major tributaries. The recently

reintroduced river otter appears to be established in both major rivers and their

secondary drainages.

Another species that has recently established itself in Greenbrier County is the

coyote. This animal entered the county from the south via Monroe County and from

the east via Virginia. It now is in areas throughout the county and continues to expand

its numbers. The Northern Appalachian Ridges and Valleys MLRA in Greenbrier

County has a good population of coyote, and surprisingly high numbers occur in the

Eastern Allegheny Plateau and Mountains MLRA in the county. There is some

concern coyotes may displace red fox in habitats where they occur. The coyote’s

impact on other wildlife is thought to be minimal, but reports from some localities

show they have had devastating effects on feral domestic cats and groundhog

populations. Wildlife populations are the products of available habitat. The condition of

the habitat is determined by such factors as land use and vegetation structure and

type, and these factors are, in turn, related to climate, topography, elevation, and soil

type. Thus, a relationship between the existing habitat and soils can be established

based upon the common definitive features.
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

242

Engineering

Richard L. Judy, state conservation engineer, Natural Resources Conservation Service, helped to

prepare this section.

This section provides information for planning land uses related to urban

development and to water management. Soils are rated for various uses, and the

most limiting features are identified. Ratings are given for building site development

(fig. 18), sanitary facilities, construction materials, and water management. The

ratings are based on observed performance of the soils and on the data in the tables

described under the heading “Soil Properties.”

Information in this section is intended for land use planning, for evaluating land use

alternatives, and for planning site investigations prior to design and construction. The

information, however, has limitations. For example, estimates and other data

generally apply only to that part of the soil between the surface and a depth of 5 to

7 feet. Because of the map scale, small areas of different soils may be included within

the mapped areas of a specific soil.

The information is not site specific and does not eliminate the need for onsite

investigation of the soils or for testing and analysis by personnel experienced in the

design and construction of engineering works.

Government ordinances and regulations that restrict certain land uses or impose

specific design criteria were not considered in preparing the information in this

section. Local ordinances and regulations should be considered in planning, in site

selection, and in design.

Soil properties, site features, and observed performance were considered in

determining the ratings in this section. During the fieldwork for this soil survey,

determinations were made about particle-size distribution, liquid limit, plasticity index,

soil reaction, depth to bedrock, hardness of bedrock within 5 to 7 feet of the surface,

Figure 18.—Housing development in an area of Frederick silt loam, karst, 3 to 8 percent slopes.

Areas of this soil were used for agronomic purposes in the recent past.
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243

soil wetness, depth to a water table, ponding, slope, likelihood of flooding, natural soil

structure aggregation, and soil density. Data were collected about kinds of clay

minerals, mineralogy of the sand and silt fractions, and the kinds of adsorbed cations.

Estimates were made for erodibility, permeability, corrosivity, shrink-swell potential,

available water capacity, and other behavioral characteristics affecting engineering

uses.

This information can be used to evaluate the potential of areas for residential,

commercial, industrial, and recreational uses; make preliminary estimates of

construction conditions; evaluate alternative routes for roads, streets, highways,

pipelines, and underground cables; evaluate alternative sites for sanitary landfills,

septic tank absorption fields, and sewage lagoons; plan detailed onsite investigations

of soils and geology; locate potential sources of gravel, sand, earthfill, and topsoil;

plan drainage systems, irrigation systems, ponds, terraces, and other structures for

soil and water conservation; and predict performance of proposed small structures

and pavements by comparing the performance of existing similar structures on the

same or similar soils.

The information in the tables, along with the soil maps, the soil descriptions, and

other data provided in this survey, can be used to make additional interpretations.

Some of the terms used in this soil survey have a special meaning in soil science

and are defined in the Glossary.

Building Site Development

Soil properties influence the development of building sites, including the selection

of the site, the design of the structure, construction, performance after construction,

and maintenance. Tables 12a and 12b show the degree and kind of soil limitations

that affect dwellings with and without basements, small commercial buildings, local

roads and streets, shallow excavations, and lawns and landscaping.

The ratings in the tables are both verbal and numerical. Rating class terms indicate

the extent to which the soils are limited by all of the soil features that affect building

site development. Not limited indicates that the soil has features that are very

favorable for the specified use. Good performance and very low maintenance can be

expected. Somewhat limited indicates that the soil has features that are moderately

favorable for the specified use. The limitations can be overcome or minimized by

special planning, design, or installation. Fair performance and moderate maintenance

can be expected. Very limited indicates that the soil has one or more features that are

unfavorable for the specified use. The limitations generally cannot be overcome

without major soil reclamation, special design, or expensive installation procedures.

Poor performance and high maintenance can be expected.

Numerical ratings in the tables indicate the severity of individual limitations. The

ratings are shown as decimal fractions ranging from 0.01 to 1.00. They indicate

gradations between the point at which a soil feature has the greatest negative impact

on the use (1.00) and the point at which the soil feature is not a limitation (0.00).

Dwellings are single-family houses of three stories or less. For dwellings without

basements, the foundation is assumed to consist of spread footings of reinforced

concrete built on undisturbed soil at a depth of 2 feet or at the depth of maximum frost

penetration, whichever is deeper. For dwellings with basements, the foundation is

assumed to consist of spread footings of reinforced concrete built on undisturbed soil

at a depth of about 7 feet. The ratings for dwellings are based on the soil properties

that affect the capacity of the soil to support a load without movement and on the

properties that affect excavation and construction costs. The properties that affect the

load-supporting capacity include depth to a water table, ponding, flooding,

subsidence, linear extensibility (shrink-swell potential), and compressibility.

Compressibility is inferred from the Unified classification. The properties that affect

the ease and amount of excavation include depth to a water table, ponding, flooding,
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244

slope, depth to bedrock or a cemented pan, hardness of bedrock or a cemented pan,

and the amount and size of rock fragments.

Small commercial buildings are structures that are less than three stories high and

do not have basements. The foundation is assumed to consist of spread footings of

reinforced concrete built on undisturbed soil at a depth of 2 feet or at the depth of

maximum frost penetration, whichever is deeper. The ratings are based on the soil

properties that affect the capacity of the soil to support a load without movement and

on the properties that affect excavation and construction costs. The properties that

affect the load-supporting capacity include depth to a water table, ponding, flooding,

subsidence, linear extensibility (shrink-swell potential), and compressibility (which is

inferred from the Unified classification). The properties that affect the ease and

amount of excavation include flooding, depth to a water table, ponding, slope, depth

to bedrock or a cemented pan, hardness of bedrock or a cemented pan, and the

amount and size of rock fragments.

Local roads and streets have an all-weather surface and carry automobile and light

truck traffic all year. They have a subgrade of cut or fill soil material; a base of gravel,

crushed rock, or soil material stabilized by lime or cement; and a surface of flexible

material (asphalt), rigid material (concrete), or gravel with a binder. The ratings are

based on the soil properties that affect the ease of excavation and grading and the

traffic-supporting capacity. The properties that affect the ease of excavation and

grading are depth to bedrock or a cemented pan, hardness of bedrock or a cemented

pan, depth to a water table, ponding, flooding, the amount of large stones, and slope.

The properties that affect the traffic-supporting capacity are soil strength (as inferred

from the AASHTO group index number), subsidence, linear extensibility (shrink-swell

potential), the potential for frost action, depth to a water table, and ponding.

Shallow excavations are trenches or holes dug to a maximum depth of 5 or 6 feet

for graves, utility lines, open ditches, or other purposes. The ratings are based on the

soil properties that influence the ease of digging and the resistance to sloughing.

Depth to bedrock or a cemented pan, hardness of bedrock or a cemented pan, the

amount of large stones, and dense layers influence the ease of digging, filling, and

compacting. Depth to the seasonal high water table, flooding, and ponding may

restrict the period when excavations can be made. Slope influences the ease of using

machinery. Soil texture, depth to the water table, and linear extensibility (shrink-swell

potential) influence the resistance to sloughing.

Lawns and landscaping require soils on which turf and ornamental trees and

shrubs can be established and maintained. Irrigation is not considered in the ratings.

The ratings are based on the soil properties that affect plant growth and trafficability

after vegetation is established. The properties that affect plant growth are reaction;

depth to a water table; ponding; depth to bedrock or a cemented pan; the available

water capacity in the upper 40 inches; the content of salts, sodium, or calcium

carbonate; and sulfidic materials. The properties that affect trafficability are flooding,

depth to a water table, ponding, slope, stoniness, and the amount of sand, clay, or

organic matter in the surface layer.

Sanitary Facilities

Tables 13a and 13b show the degree and kind of soil limitations that affect septic

tank absorption fields, sewage lagoons, sanitary landfills, and daily cover for landfill.

The ratings are both verbal and numerical. Rating class terms indicate the extent to

which the soils are limited by all of the soil features that affect these uses. Not limited

indicates that the soil has features that are very favorable for the specified use. Good

performance and very low maintenance can be expected. Somewhat limited indicates

that the soil has features that are moderately favorable for the specified use. The

limitations can be overcome or minimized by special planning, design, or installation.

Fair performance and moderate maintenance can be expected. Very limited indicates
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245

that the soil has one or more features that are unfavorable for the specified use. The

limitations generally cannot be overcome without major soil reclamation, special

design, or expensive installation procedures. Poor performance and high

maintenance can be expected.

Numerical ratings in the tables indicate the severity of individual limitations. The

ratings are shown as decimal fractions ranging from 0.01 to 1.00. They indicate

gradations between the point at which a soil feature has the greatest negative impact

on the use (1.00) and the point at which the soil feature is not a limitation (0.00).

Septic tank absorption fields are areas in which effluent from a septic tank is

distributed into the soil through subsurface tiles or perforated pipe. Only that part of

the soil between depths of 24 and 60 inches is evaluated. The ratings are based on

the soil properties that affect absorption of the effluent, construction and maintenance

of the system, and public health. Permeability, depth to a water table, ponding, depth

to bedrock or a cemented pan, and flooding affect absorption of the effluent. Stones

and boulders, ice, and bedrock or a cemented pan interfere with installation.

Subsidence interferes with installation and maintenance. Excessive slope may cause

lateral seepage and surfacing of the effluent in downslope areas.

Some soils are underlain by loose sand and gravel or fractured bedrock at a depth

of less than 4 feet below the distribution lines. In these soils the absorption field may

not adequately filter the effluent, particularly when the system is new. As a result, the

ground water may become contaminated.

Sewage lagoons are shallow ponds constructed to hold sewage while aerobic

bacteria decompose the solid and liquid wastes. Lagoons should have a nearly level

floor surrounded by cut slopes or embankments of compacted soil. Nearly impervious

soil material for the lagoon floor and sides is required to minimize seepage and

contamination of ground water. Considered in the ratings are slope, permeability,

depth to a water table, ponding, depth to bedrock or a cemented pan, flooding, large

stones, and content of organic matter.

Soil permeability is a critical property affecting the suitability for sewage lagoons.

Most porous soils eventually become sealed when they are used as sites for sewage

lagoons. Until sealing occurs, however, the hazard of pollution is severe. Soils that

have a permeability rate of more than 2 inches per hour are too porous for the proper

functioning of sewage lagoons. In these soils, seepage of the effluent can result in

contamination of the ground water. Ground-water contamination is also a hazard if

fractured bedrock is within a depth of 40 inches, if the water table is high enough to

raise the level of sewage in the lagoon, or if floodwater overtops the lagoon.

A high content of organic matter is detrimental to proper functioning of the lagoon

because it inhibits aerobic activity. Slope, bedrock, and cemented pans can cause

construction problems, and large stones can hinder compaction of the lagoon floor. If

the lagoon is to be uniformly deep throughout, the slope must be gentle enough and

the soil material must be thick enough over bedrock or a cemented pan to make land

smoothing practical.

A trench sanitary landfill is an area where solid waste is placed in successive

layers in an excavated trench. The waste is spread, compacted, and covered daily

with a thin layer of soil excavated at the site. When the trench is full, a final cover of

soil material at least 2 feet thick is placed over the landfill. The ratings in the table are

based on the soil properties that affect the risk of pollution, the ease of excavation,

trafficability, and revegetation. These properties include permeability, depth to

bedrock or a cemented pan, depth to a water table, ponding, slope, flooding, texture,

stones and boulders, highly organic layers, soil reaction, and content of salts and

sodium. Unless otherwise stated, the ratings apply only to that part of the soil within a

depth of about 6 feet. For deeper trenches, onsite investigation may be needed.

Hard, nonrippable bedrock, creviced bedrock, or highly permeable strata in or

directly below the proposed trench bottom can affect the ease of excavation and the
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hazard of ground-water pollution. Slope affects construction of the trenches and the

movement of surface water around the landfill. It also affects the construction and

performance of roads in areas of the landfill.

Soil texture and consistence affect the ease with which the trench is dug and the

ease with which the soil can be used as daily or final cover. They determine the

workability of the soil when dry and when wet. Soils that are plastic and sticky when

wet are difficult to excavate, grade, or compact and are difficult to place as a

uniformly thick cover over a layer of refuse.

The soil material used as the final cover for a trench landfill should be suitable for

plants. It should not have excess sodium or salts and should not be too acid. The

surface layer generally has the best workability, the highest content of organic matter,

and the best potential for plants. Material from the surface layer should be stockpiled

for use as the final cover.

In an area sanitary landfill, solid waste is placed in successive layers on the

surface of the soil. The waste is spread, compacted, and covered daily with a thin

layer of soil from a source away from the site. A final cover of soil material at least

2 feet thick is placed over the completed landfill. The ratings in the table are based on

the soil properties that affect trafficability and the risk of pollution. These properties

include flooding, permeability, depth to a water table, ponding, slope, and depth to

bedrock or a cemented pan.

Flooding is a serious problem because it can result in pollution in areas

downstream from the landfill. If permeability is too rapid or if fractured bedrock, a

fractured cemented pan, or the water table is close to the surface, the leachate can

contaminate the water supply. Slope is a consideration because of the extra grading

required to maintain roads in the steeper areas of the landfill. Also, leachate may flow

along the surface of the soils in the steeper areas and cause difficult seepage

problems.

Daily cover for landfill is the soil material that is used to cover compacted solid

waste in an area sanitary landfill. The soil material is obtained offsite, transported to

the landfill, and spread over the waste. The ratings in the table also apply to the final

cover for a landfill. They are based on the soil properties that affect workability, the

ease of digging, and the ease of moving and spreading the material over the refuse

daily during wet and dry periods. These properties include soil texture, depth to a

water table, ponding, rock fragments, slope, depth to bedrock or a cemented pan,

reaction, and content of salts, sodium, or lime.

Loamy or silty soils that are free of large stones and excess gravel are the best

cover for a landfill. Clayey soils may be sticky and difficult to spread; sandy soils are

subject to wind erosion.

Slope affects the ease of excavation and of moving the cover material. Also, it can

influence runoff, erosion, and reclamation of the borrow area.

After soil material has been removed, the soil material remaining in the borrow

area must be thick enough over bedrock, a cemented pan, or the water table to

permit revegetation. The soil material used as the final cover for a landfill should be

suitable for plants. It should not have excess sodium, salts, or lime and should not be

too acid.

Construction Materials

Tables 14a and 14b give information about the soils as potential sources of gravel,

sand, topsoil, reclamation material, and roadfill (fig. 19). Normal compaction, minor

processing, and other standard construction practices are assumed.

Sand and gravel are natural aggregates suitable for commercial use with a

minimum of processing. They are used in many kinds of construction. Specifications

for each use vary widely. In table 14a, only the likelihood of finding material in suitable

quantity is evaluated. The suitability of the material for specific purposes is not
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evaluated, nor are factors that affect excavation of the material. The properties used

to evaluate the soil as a source of sand or gravel are gradation of grain sizes (as

indicated by the Unified classification of the soil), the thickness of suitable material,

and the content of rock fragments. If the bottom layer of the soil contains sand or

gravel, the soil is considered a likely source regardless of thickness. The assumption

is that the sand or gravel layer below the depth of observation exceeds the minimum

thickness.

The soils are rated good, fair, or poor as potential sources of sand and gravel. A

rating of good or fair means that the source material is likely to be in or below the soil.

The bottom layer and the thickest layer of the soils are assigned numerical ratings.

These ratings indicate the likelihood that the layer is a source of sand or gravel. The

number 0.00 indicates that the layer is a poor source. The number 1.00 indicates that

the layer is a good source. A number between 0.00 and 1.00 indicates the degree to

which the layer is a likely source.

The soils are rated good, fair, or poor as potential sources of topsoil, reclamation

material, and roadfill. The features that limit the soils as sources of these materials

are specified in the tables. The numerical ratings given after the specified features

indicate the degree to which the features limit the soils as sources of topsoil,

reclamation material, or roadfill. The lower the number, the greater the limitation.

Reclamation material is used in areas that have been drastically disturbed by

surface mining or similar activities. When these areas are reclaimed, layers of soil

material or unconsolidated geological material, or both, are replaced in a vertical

sequence. The reconstructed soil favors plant growth. The ratings in the table do not

apply to quarries and other mined areas that require an offsite source of

reconstruction material. The ratings are based on the soil properties that affect

erosion and stability of the surface and the productive potential of the reconstructed

soil. These properties include the content of sodium, salts, and calcium carbonate;

Figure 19.—A limestone quarry west of Lewisburg. The material being quarried is in the Greenbrier

Group geology.
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reaction; available water capacity; erodibility; texture; content of rock fragments; and

content of organic matter and other features that affect fertility.

Roadfill is soil material that is excavated in one place and used in road

embankments in another place. In this table, the soils are rated as a source of roadfill

for low embankments, generally less than 6 feet high and less exacting in design than

higher embankments.

The ratings are for the whole soil, from the surface to a depth of about 5 feet. It is

assumed that soil layers will be mixed when the soil material is excavated and

spread.

The ratings are based on the amount of suitable material and on soil properties

that affect the ease of excavation and the performance of the material after it is in

place. The thickness of the suitable material is a major consideration. The ease of

excavation is affected by large stones, depth to a water table, and slope. How well the

soil performs in place after it has been compacted and drained is determined by its

strength (as inferred from the AASHTO classification of the soil) and linear

extensibility (shrink-swell potential).

Topsoil is used to cover an area so that vegetation can be established and

maintained. The upper 40 inches of a soil is evaluated for use as topsoil. Also

evaluated is the reclamation potential of the borrow area. The ratings are based on

the soil properties that affect plant growth; the ease of excavating, loading, and

spreading the material; and reclamation of the borrow area. Toxic substances, soil

reaction, and the properties that are inferred from soil texture, such as available water

capacity and fertility, affect plant growth. The ease of excavating, loading, and

spreading is affected by rock fragments, slope, depth to a water table, soil texture,

and thickness of suitable material. Reclamation of the borrow area is affected by

slope, depth to a water table, rock fragments, depth to bedrock or a cemented pan,

and toxic material.

The surface layer of most soils is generally preferred for topsoil because of its

organic matter content. Organic matter greatly increases the absorption and retention

of moisture and nutrients for plant growth.

Water Management

Table 15 gives information on the soil properties and site features that affect water

management. The degree and kind of soil limitations are given for pond reservoir

areas; embankments, dikes, and levees; and aquifer-fed excavated ponds. The ratings

are both verbal and numerical. Rating class terms indicate the extent to which the

soils are limited by all of the soil features that affect these uses. Not limited indicates

that the soil has features that are very favorable for the specified use. Good

performance and very low maintenance can be expected. Somewhat limited indicates

that the soil has features that are moderately favorable for the specified use. The

limitations can be overcome or minimized by special planning, design, or installation.

Fair performance and moderate maintenance can be expected. Very limited indicates

that the soil has one or more features that are unfavorable for the specified use. The

limitations generally cannot be overcome without major soil reclamation, special

design, or expensive installation procedures. Poor performance and high

maintenance can be expected.

Numerical ratings in the tables indicate the severity of individual limitations. The

ratings are shown as decimal fractions ranging from 0.01 to 1.00. They indicate

gradations between the point at which a soil feature has the greatest negative impact

on the use (1.00) and the point at which the soil feature is not a limitation (0.00).

Pond reservoir areas hold water behind a dam or embankment. Soils best suited to

this use have low seepage potential in the upper 60 inches. The seepage potential is

determined by the permeability of the soil and the depth to fractured bedrock or other
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249

permeable material. Excessive slope can affect the storage capacity of the reservoir

area.

Embankments, dikes, and levees are raised structures of soil material, generally

less than 20 feet high, constructed to impound water or to protect land against

overflow. Embankments that have zoned construction (core and shell) are not

considered. In this table, the soils are rated as a source of material for embankment

fill. The ratings apply to the soil material below the surface layer to a depth of about

5 feet. It is assumed that soil layers will be uniformly mixed and compacted during

construction.

The ratings do not indicate the ability of the natural soil to support an embankment.

Soil properties to a depth even greater than the height of the embankment can affect

performance and safety of the embankment. Generally, deeper onsite investigation is

needed to determine these properties.

Soil material in embankments must be resistant to seepage, piping, and erosion

and have favorable compaction characteristics. Unfavorable features include less than

5 feet of suitable material and a high content of stones or boulders, organic matter, or

salts or sodium. A high water table affects the amount of usable material. It also

affects trafficability.

Aquifer-fed excavated ponds are pits or dugouts that extend to a ground-water

aquifer or to a depth below a permanent water table. Excluded are ponds that are fed

only by surface runoff and embankment ponds that impound water 3 feet or more

above the original surface. Excavated ponds are affected by depth to a permanent

water table, permeability of the aquifer, and quality of the water as inferred from the

salinity of the soil. Depth to bedrock and the content of large stones affect the ease of

excavation.

251

Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

Data relating to soil properties are collected during the course of the soil survey.

The data and the estimates of soil and water features, listed in tables, are explained

on the following pages.

Soil properties are determined by field examination of the soils and by laboratory

index testing of some benchmark soils. Established standard procedures are

followed. During the survey, many shallow borings are made and examined to identify

and classify the soils and to delineate them on the soil maps. Samples are taken from

some typical profiles and tested in the laboratory to determine grain-size distribution,

plasticity, and compaction characteristics.

Estimates of soil properties are based on field examinations, on laboratory tests of

samples from the survey area, and on laboratory tests of samples of similar soils in

nearby areas. Tests verify field observations, verify properties that cannot be

estimated accurately by field observation, and help to characterize key soils.

The estimates of soil properties shown in the tables include the range of grain-size

distribution and Atterberg limits, the engineering classification, and the physical and

chemical properties of the major layers of each soil. Pertinent soil and water features

also are given.

Engineering Index Properties

Table 16 gives estimates of the engineering classification and of the range of index

properties for the major layers of each soil in the survey area. Most soils have layers

of contrasting properties within the upper 5 or 6 feet.

Depth to the upper and lower boundaries of each layer is indicated. The range in

depth and information on other properties of each layer are given for each soil series

under the heading “Soil Series and Their Morphology.”

Texture is given in the standard terms used by the U.S. Department of Agriculture.

These terms are defined according to percentages of sand, silt, and clay in the

fraction of the soil that is less than 2 millimeters in diameter. “Loam,” for example, is

soil that is 7 to 27 percent clay, 28 to 50 percent silt, and less than 52 percent sand. If

the content of particles coarser than sand is as much as about 15 percent, an

appropriate modifier is added, for example, “gravelly.” Textural terms are defined in the

Glossary.

Classification of the soils is determined according to the Unified soil classification

system (ASTM 2001) and the system adopted by the American Association of State

Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO 2000).

The Unified system classifies soils according to properties that affect their use as

construction material. Soils are classified according to grain-size distribution of the

fraction less than 3 inches in diameter and according to plasticity index, liquid limit,

and organic matter content. Sandy and gravelly soils are identified as GW, GP, GM,

GC, SW, SP, SM, and SC; silty and clayey soils as ML, CL, OL, MH, CH, and OH; and

highly organic soils as PT. Soils exhibiting engineering properties of two groups can

have a dual classification, for example, CL-ML.

Soil Properties
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The AASHTO system classifies soils according to those properties that affect

roadway construction and maintenance. In this system, the fraction of a mineral soil

that is less than 3 inches in diameter is classified in one of seven groups from A-1

through A-7 on the basis of grain-size distribution, liquid limit, and plasticity index.

Soils in group A-1 are coarse grained and low in content of fines (silt and clay). At the

other extreme, soils in group A-7 are fine grained. Highly organic soils are classified

in group A-8 on the basis of visual inspection.

If laboratory data are available, the A-1, A-2, and A-7 groups are further classified

as A-1-a, A-1-b, A-2-4, A-2-5, A-2-6, A-2-7, A-7-5, or A-7-6. As an additional

refinement, the suitability of a soil as subgrade material can be indicated by a group

index number. Group index numbers range from 0 for the best subgrade material to

20 or higher for the poorest.

Rock fragments larger than 10 inches in diameter and 3 to 10 inches in diameter

are indicated as a percentage of the total soil on a dry-weight basis. The percentages

are estimates determined mainly by converting volume percentage in the field to

weight percentage.

Percentage (of soil particles) passing designated sieves is the percentage of the

soil fraction less than 3 inches in diameter based on an ovendry weight. The sieves,

numbers 4, 10, 40, and 200 (USA Standard Series), have openings of 4.76, 2.00,

0.420, and 0.074 millimeters, respectively. Estimates are based on laboratory tests of

soils sampled in the survey area and in nearby areas and on estimates made in the

field.

Liquid limit and plasticity index (Atterberg limits) indicate the plasticity

characteristics of a soil. The estimates are based on test data from the survey area or

from nearby areas and on field examination.

The estimates of grain-size distribution, liquid limit, and plasticity index are

generally rounded to the nearest 5 percent. Thus, if the ranges of gradation and

Atterberg limits extend a marginal amount (1 or 2 percentage points) across

classification boundaries, the classification in the marginal zone is omitted in the

table.

Physical and Chemical Properties

Tables 17 and 18 show estimates of some characteristics and features that affect

soil behavior. These estimates are given for the major layers of each soil in the survey

area. The estimates are based on field observations and on test data for these and

similar soils.

Depth to the upper and lower boundaries of each layer is indicated.

Particle size is the effective diameter of a soil particle as measured by

sedimentation, sieving, or micrometric methods. Particle sizes are expressed as

classes with specific effective diameter class limits. The broad classes are sand, silt,

and clay, ranging from the larger to the smaller.

Sand as a soil separate consists of mineral soil particles that are 0.05 millimeter to

2 millimeters in diameter. In table 17, the estimated sand content of each soil layer is

given as a percentage, by weight, of the soil material that is less than 2 millimeters in

diameter.

Silt as a soil separate consists of mineral soil particles that are 0.002 to

0.05 millimeter in diameter. In the table, the estimated silt content of each soil layer is

given as a percentage, by weight, of the soil material that is less than 2 millimeters in

diameter.

Clay as a soil separate consists of mineral soil particles that are less than

0.002 millimeter in diameter. In the table, the estimated clay content of each major

soil layer is given as a percentage, by weight, of the soil material that is less than

2 millimeters in diameter.
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The amount and kind of clay greatly affect the fertility and physical condition of the

soil. They determine the ability of the soil to adsorb cations and to retain moisture.

They influence shrink-swell potential, permeability, plasticity, the ease of soil

dispersion, and other soil properties. The amount and kind of clay in a soil also affect

tillage and earthmoving operations.

Moist bulk density is the weight of soil (ovendry) per unit volume. Volume is

measured when the soil is at field moisture capacity, that is, the moisture content at

1

/3-bar moisture tension. Weight is determined after the soil is dried at 105 degrees C.

In the table, the estimated moist bulk density of each major soil horizon is expressed

in grams per cubic centimeter of soil material that is less than 2 millimeters in

diameter. Bulk density data are used to compute shrink-swell potential, available

water capacity, total pore space, and other soil properties. The moist bulk density of a

soil indicates the pore space available for water and roots. A bulk density of more

than 1.6 can restrict water storage and root penetration. Moist bulk density is

influenced by texture, kind of clay, content of organic matter, and soil structure.

Saturated hydraulic conductivity refers to the ability of a soil to transmit water or air.

The term “permeability,” as used in soil surveys, indicates saturated hydraulic

conductivity (Ksat ). The estimates in the table indicate the rate of water movement, in

micrometers per second (um/sec), when the soil is saturated. They are based on soil

characteristics observed in the field, particularly structure, porosity, and texture.

Permeability is considered in the design of soil drainage systems and septic tank

absorption fields.

Available water capacity refers to the quantity of water that the soil is capable of

storing for use by plants. The capacity for water storage is given in inches of water per

inch of soil for each major soil layer. The capacity varies, depending on soil properties

that affect retention of water and depth of the root zone. The most important

properties are the content of organic matter, soil texture, bulk density, and soil

structure. Available water capacity is an important factor in the choice of plants or

crops to be grown and in the design and management of irrigation systems. Available

water capacity is not an estimate of the quantity of water actually available to plants

at any given time.

Linear extensibility refers to the change in length of an unconfined clod as moisture

content is decreased from a moist to a dry state. It is an expression of the volume

change between the water content of the clod at 1/3- or 1/10-bar tension (33kPa or

10kPa tension) and oven dryness. The volume change is reported in the table as

percent change for the whole soil. Volume change is influenced by the amount and

type of clay minerals in the soil.

Linear extensibility is used to determine the shrink-swell potential of soils. The

shrink-swell potential is low if the soil has a linear extensibility of less than 3 percent;

moderate if 3 to 6 percent; high if 6 to 9 percent; and very high if more than 9 percent.

If the linear extensibility is more than 3, shrinking and swelling can cause damage to

buildings, roads, and other structures and to plant roots. Special design commonly is

needed.

Organic matter is the plant and animal residue in the soil at various stages of

decomposition. In this table, the estimated content of organic matter is expressed as

a percentage, by weight, of the soil material that is less than 2 millimeters in diameter.

The content of organic matter in a soil can be maintained or increased by returning

crop residue to the soil. Organic matter affects the available water capacity, infiltration

rate, and tilth. It is a source of nitrogen and other nutrients for crops.

Erosion factors are shown in the table as the K factor (Kw and Kf) and the T factor.

Erosion factor K indicates the susceptibility of a soil to sheet and rill erosion by water.

Factor K is one of six factors used in the Universal Soil Loss Equation (USLE) and the

Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation (RUSLE) to predict the average annual rate of

soil loss by sheet and rill erosion in tons per acre per year. The estimates are based
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

254

primarily on percentage of silt, sand, and organic matter and on soil structure

and permeability. Values of K range from 0.02 to 0.69. Other factors being equal,

the higher the value, the more susceptible the soil is to sheet and rill erosion by

water.

Erosion factor Kw indicates the erodibility of the whole soil. The estimates are

modified by the presence of rock fragments.

Erosion factor Kf indicates the erodibility of the fine-earth fraction, or the material

less than 2 millimeters in size.

Erosion factor T is an estimate of the maximum average annual rate of soil erosion

by wind or water that can occur without affecting crop productivity over a sustained

period. The rate is in tons per acre per year.

Wind erodibility groups are made up of soils that have similar properties affecting

their resistance to wind erosion in cultivated areas. The groups indicate the

susceptibility of soil to wind erosion. The soils assigned to group 1 are the most

susceptible to wind erosion, and those assigned to group 8 are the least susceptible.

The groups are as follows:

1. Coarse sands, sands, fine sands, and very fine sands.

2. Loamy coarse sands, loamy sands, loamy fine sands, loamy very fine sands,

ash material, and sapric soil material.

3. Coarse sandy loams, sandy loams, fine sandy loams, and very fine sandy

loams.

4L. Calcareous loams, silt loams, clay loams, and silty clay loams.

4. Clays, silty clays, noncalcareous clay loams, and silty clay loams that are more

than 35 percent clay.

5. Noncalcareous loams and silt loams that are less than 20 percent clay and

sandy clay loams, sandy clays, and hemic soil material.

6. Noncalcareous loams and silt loams that are more than 20 percent clay and

noncalcareous clay loams that are less than 35 percent clay.

7. Silts, noncalcareous silty clay loams that are less than 35 percent clay, and

fibric soil material.

8. Soils that are not subject to wind erosion because of coarse fragments on the

surface or because of surface wetness.

Wind erodibility index is a numerical value indicating the susceptibility of soil to

wind erosion, or the tons per acre per year that can be expected to be lost to wind

erosion. There is a close correlation between wind erosion and the texture of the

surface layer, the size and durability of surface clods, rock fragments, organic matter,

and a calcareous reaction. Soil moisture and frozen soil layers also influence wind

erosion.

In table 18, cation-exchange capacity is the total amount of exchangeable cations

that can be held by the soil, expressed in terms of milliquivalents per 100 grams of

soil at neutrality (pH 7.0) or at some other stated pH value. Soils having a low cationexchange capacity hold fewer cations and may require more frequent applications of

fertilizer than soils having a high cation-exchange capacity. Soils having a high cationexchange capacity can retain cations. The ability to retain cations helps to prevent the

pollution of ground water.

Effective cation-exchange capacity refers to the sum of extractable bases plus

aluminum expressed in terms of milliquivalents per 100 grams of soil. It is determined

for soils that have pH of less than 5.5.

Soil reaction is a measure of acidity or alkalinity and is expressed as a range in pH

values. The range in pH of each major horizon is based on many field tests. For many

soils, values have been verified by laboratory analyses. Soil reaction is important in

selecting crops and other plants, in evaluating soil amendments for fertility and

stabilization, and in determining the risk of corrosion.
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

255

Soil and Water Features

Tables 19 and 20 give estimates of various soil and water features. The estimates

are used in land use planning that involves engineering considerations.

In table 19, hydrologic soil groups are based on estimates of runoff potential. Soils

are assigned to one of four groups according to the rate of water infiltration when the

soils are not protected by vegetation, are thoroughly wet, and receive precipitation

from long-duration storms.

The four hydrologic soil groups are:

Group A. Soils having a high infiltration rate (low runoff potential) when

thoroughly wet. These consist mainly of deep, well drained to excessively drained

sands or gravelly sands. These soils have a high rate of water transmission.

Group B. Soils having a moderate infiltration rate when thoroughly wet. These

consist chiefly of moderately deep or deep, moderately well drained or well drained

soils that have moderately fine texture to moderately coarse texture. These soils have

a moderate rate of water transmission.

Group C. Soils having a slow infiltration rate when thoroughly wet. These consist

chiefly of soils having a layer that impedes the downward movement of water or soils

of moderately fine texture or fine texture. These soils have a slow rate of water

transmission.

Group D. Soils having a very slow infiltration rate (high runoff potential) when

thoroughly wet. These consist chiefly of clays that have a high shrink-swell potential,

soils that have a high water table, soils that have a claypan or clay layer at or near the

surface, and soils that are shallow over nearly impervious material. These soils have

a very slow rate of water transmission.

If a soil is assigned to two hydrologic groups in the table, the first letter is for

drained areas and the second is for undrained areas.

Surface runoff refers to the loss of water from an area by flow over the land

surface. Surface runoff classes are based on slope, climate, and vegetative cover. It is

assumed that the surface of the soil is bare and that the retention of surface water

resulting from irregularities in the ground surface is minimal. The classes are

negligible, very low, low, medium, high, and very high.

The months in the table indicate the portion of the year in which the feature is most

likely to be a concern.

Water table refers to a saturated zone in the soil. The table indicates, by month,

depth to the top (upper limit) and base (lower limit) of the saturated zone in most

years. Estimates of the upper and lower limits are based mainly on observations of

the water table at selected sites and on evidence of a saturated zone, namely grayish

colors or mottles (redoximorphic features) in the soil. A saturated zone that lasts for

less than a month is not considered a water table.

Ponding is standing water in a closed depression. Unless a drainage system is

installed, the water is removed only by percolation, transpiration, or evaporation. Table

19 indicates surface water depth and the duration and frequency of ponding. Duration

is expressed as very brief if less than 2 days, brief if 2 to 7 days, long if 7 to 30 days,

and very long if more than 30 days. Frequency is expressed as none, rare,

occasional, and frequent. None means that ponding is not probable; rare that it is

unlikely but possible under unusual weather conditions (the chance of ponding is

nearly 0 percent to 5 percent in any year); occasional that it occurs, on the average,

once or less in 2 years (the chance of ponding is 5 to 50 percent in any year); and

frequent that it occurs, on the average, more than once in 2 years (the chance of

ponding is more than 50 percent in any year).

Flooding is the temporary inundation of an area caused by overflowing streams, by

runoff from adjacent slopes, or by tides. Water standing for short periods after rainfall
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256

or snowmelt is not considered flooding, and water standing in swamps and marshes

is considered ponding rather than flooding.

Duration and frequency are estimated. Duration is expressed as extremely brief if

0.1 hour to 4 hours, very brief if 4 hours to 2 days, brief if 2 to 7 days, long if 7 to

30 days, and very long if more than 30 days. Frequency is expressed as none, very

rare, rare, occasional, frequent, and very frequent. None means that flooding is not

probable; very rare that it is very unlikely but possible under extremely unusual

weather conditions (the chance of flooding is less than 1 percent in any year); rare

that it is unlikely but possible under unusual weather conditions (the chance of

flooding is 1 to 5 percent in any year); occasional that it occurs infrequently under

normal weather conditions (the chance of flooding is 5 to 50 percent in any year);

frequent that it is likely to occur often under normal weather conditions (the chance of

flooding is more than 50 percent in any year but is less than 50 percent in all months

in any year); and very frequent that it is likely to occur very often under normal

weather conditions (the chance of flooding is more than 50 percent in all months of

any year).

The information is based on evidence in the soil profile, namely thin strata of

gravel, sand, silt, or clay deposited by floodwater; irregular decrease in organic matter

content with increasing depth; and little or no horizon development.

Also considered are local information about the extent and levels of flooding and

the relation of each soil on the landscape to historic floods. Information on the extent

of flooding based on soil data is less specific than that provided by detailed

engineering surveys that delineate flood-prone areas at specific flood frequency

levels.

Table 20 gives estimates of various soil features. The estimates are used in land

use planning that involves engineering considerations.

A restrictive layer is a nearly continuous layer that has one or more physical,

chemical, or thermal properties that significantly impede the movement of water and

air through the soil or that restrict roots or otherwise provide an unfavorable root

environment. Examples are bedrock, cemented layers, dense layers, and frozen

layers. The table indicates the hardness of the restrictive layer, which significantly

affects the ease of excavation. Depth to top is the vertical distance from the soil

surface to the upper boundary of the restrictive layer.

A cemented pan is a cemented or indurated subsurface layer within a depth of

5 feet. Such a pan causes difficulty in excavation. Pans are classified as thin or thick.

A thin pan is less than 3 inches thick if continuously indurated or less than 18 inches

thick if discontinuous or fractured. Excavations can be made by trenching machines,

backhoes, or small rippers. A thick pan is more than 3 inches thick if continuously

indurated or more than 18 inches thick if discontinuous or fractured. Such a pan is so

thick or massive that blasting or special equipment is needed in excavation.

Potential frost action is the likelihood of upward or lateral expansion of the soil

caused by the formation of segregated ice lenses (frost heave) and the subsequent

collapse of the soil and loss of strength on thawing. Frost action occurs when

moisture moves into the freezing zone of the soil. Temperature, texture, density,

permeability, content of organic matter, and depth to the water table are the most

important factors considered in evaluating the potential for frost action. It is assumed

that the soil is not insulated by vegetation or snow and is not artificially drained. Silty

and highly structured, clayey soils that have a high water table in winter are the most

susceptible to frost action. Well drained, very gravelly, or very sandy soils are the

least susceptible. Frost heave and low soil strength during thawing cause damage

mainly to pavements and other rigid structures.

Risk of corrosion pertains to potential soil-induced electrochemical or chemical

action that dissolves or weakens uncoated steel or concrete. The rate of corrosion of

uncoated steel is related to such factors as soil moisture, particle-size distribution,
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

257

acidity, and electrical conductivity of the soil. The rate of corrosion of concrete is

based mainly on the sulfate and sodium content, texture, moisture content, and

acidity of the soil. Special site examination and design may be needed if the

combination of factors results in a severe hazard of corrosion. The steel in

installations that intersect soil boundaries or soil layers is more susceptible to

corrosion than steel in installations that are entirely within one kind of soil or within

one soil layer.

For uncoated steel, the risk of corrosion, expressed as low, moderate, or high, is

based on soil drainage class, total acidity, electrical resistivity near field capacity, and

electrical conductivity of the saturation extract.

For concrete, the risk of corrosion also is expressed as low, moderate, or high. It is

based on soil texture, acidity, and amount of sulfates in the saturation extract.

259

Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

The system of soil classification used by the National Cooperative Soil Survey has

six categories (Soil Survey Staff 1998, 1999). Beginning with the broadest, these

categories are the order, suborder, great group, subgroup, family, and series.

Classification is based on soil properties observed in the field or inferred from those

observations or from laboratory measurements. Table 21 shows the classification of

the soils in the survey area. The categories are defined in the following paragraphs.

ORDER. Twelve soil orders are recognized. The differences among orders reflect

the dominant soil-forming processes and the degree of soil formation. Each order is

identified by a word ending in sol. An example is Alfisol.

SUBORDER. Each order is divided into suborders primarily on the basis of

properties that influence soil genesis and are important to plant growth or properties

that reflect the most important variables within the orders. The last syllable in the

name of a suborder indicates the order. An example is Udalf (Ud, meaning humid,

plus alf, from Alfisol).

GREAT GROUP. Each suborder is divided into great groups on the basis of close

similarities in kind, arrangement, and degree of development of pedogenic horizons;

soil moisture and temperature regimes; type of saturation; and base status. Each

great group is identified by the name of a suborder and by a prefix that indicates a

property of the soil. An example is Hapludalfs (Hapl, meaning minimal horizonation,

plus udalf, the suborder of the Alfisols that has a udic moisture regime).

SUBGROUP. Each great group has a typic subgroup. Other subgroups are

intergrades or extragrades. The typic subgroup is the central concept of the great

group; it is not necessarily the most extensive. Intergrades are transitions to other

orders, suborders, or great groups. Extragrades have some properties that are not

representative of the great group but do not indicate transitions to any other

taxonomic class. Each subgroup is identified by one or more adjectives preceding the

name of the great group. The adjective Typic identifies the subgroup that typifies the

great group. An example is Typic Hapludalfs.

FAMILY. Families are established within a subgroup on the basis of physical and

chemical properties and other characteristics that affect management. Generally, the

properties are those of horizons below plow depth where there is much biological

activity. Among the properties and characteristics considered are particle-size class,

mineralogy class, cation-exchange activity class, soil temperature regime, soil depth,

and reaction class. A family name consists of the name of a subgroup preceded by

terms that indicate soil properties. An example is fine-loamy, mixed, active, mesic

Typic Hapludalfs.

SERIES. The series consists of soils within a family that have horizons similar in

color, texture, structure, reaction, consistence, mineral and chemical composition,

and arrangement in the profile.

Soil Series and Their Morphology

In this section, each soil series recognized in the survey area is described.

Characteristics of the soil and the material in which it formed are identified for each

Classification of the Soils
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

260

series. A pedon, a small three-dimensional area of soil, that is typical of the series in

the survey area is described. The detailed description of each soil horizon follows

standards in the “Soil Survey Manual” (Soil Survey Division Staff 1993). Many of the

technical terms used in the descriptions are defined in “Soil Taxonomy” (Soil Survey

Staff 1999) and in “Keys to Soil Taxonomy” (Soil Survey Staff 1998). Unless otherwise

indicated, colors in the descriptions are for moist soil. Following the pedon description

is the range of important characteristics of the soils in the series.

Allegheny Series

Depth class: Very deep

Drainage class: Well drained

Permeability: Moderate

Landscape position: Stream terraces, footslopes, and alluvial fans

Parent material: Alluvium derived mainly from acid sandstone, siltstone, and shale

Slope range: 3 to 15 percent

Classification: Fine-loamy, mixed, semiactive, mesic Typic Hapludults

Representative Pedon

Allegheny loam, 3 to 8 percent slopes, in a wooded area on the campus of the

Greenbrier Youth Camp; USGS Anthony topographic quadrangle; lat. 37 degrees

54 minutes 24 seconds N. and long. 80 degrees 19 minutes 32 seconds W.

Oi—0 to 1 inch; slightly decomposed hardwood and conifer leaf litter.

Oe—1 to 2 inches; moderately decomposed hardwood and conifer leaf litter.

Oa—2 to 3 inches; highly decomposed hardwood and conifer leaf litter.

A—3 to 5 inches; very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) loam; weak very fine and fine

granular structure; very friable; many very fine, fine, medium, and coarse roots;

5 percent rock fragments; extremely acid; clear wavy boundary.

BA—5 to 10 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) loam; weak fine subangular blocky

structure; very friable; many very fine, fine, medium, and coarse roots; 5 percent

rock fragments; extremely acid; clear wavy boundary.

Bt1—10 to 20 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) loam; weak fine and medium

subangular blocky structure; friable; common very fine, fine, medium, and coarse

roots; few faint clay films along faces of peds and in root channels; 5 percent rock

fragments; very strongly acid; gradual wavy boundary.

Bt2—20 to 28 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) loam; moderate medium

subangular blocky structure; friable; common very fine, fine, medium, and coarse

roots; few distinct clay films along faces of peds and in pores; 10 percent rock

fragments; very strongly acid; gradual wavy boundary.

Bt3—28 to 43 inches; strong brown (7.5YR 4/6) clay loam; moderate fine and medium

subangular blocky structure; friable; few very fine, fine, and medium roots;

common distinct clay films along faces of peds and in pores; 10 percent rock

fragments; very strongly acid; gradual wavy boundary.

BC—43 to 49 inches; strong brown (7.5YR 4/6) gravelly loam; common medium

distinct yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) redoximorphic concentrations; weak fine and

medium subangular blocky structure; friable; few very fine, fine, and medium

roots; 15 percent rock fragments; very strongly acid; gradual wavy boundary.

C—49 to 65 inches; mixed strong brown (7.5YR 4/6), yellowish brown (10YR 5/6),

and yellowish red (5YR 4/6) gravelly loam; massive; firm; few very fine, fine, and

medium roots; 20 percent rock fragments; very strongly acid.

Range in Characteristics

Thickness of the solum: 30 to more than 72 inches
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261

Depth to bedrock: 60 to more than 120 inches

Reaction: In unlimed areas, strongly acid to extremely acid

Content of rock fragments: 0 to 15 percent, by volume, in the A horizon; 0 to

30 percent, by volume, in the BA and Bt horizons; 0 to 35 percent, by volume,

in the BC and C horizons

A horizon:

Hue—10YR

Value—3 or 4

Chroma—2 or 3

Texture—loam, fine sandy loam, or silt loam

BA horizon:

Hue—10YR

Value—4 or 5

Chroma—3 or 4

Texture—loam or silt loam

Bt horizon:

Hue—7.5YR or 10YR

Value—4 or 5

Chroma—4 to 6

Texture—loam, clay loam, or silty clay loam

BC horizon:

Hue—7.5YR or 10YR

Value—4 to 6

Chroma—4 to 6

Texture—loam, clay loam, or silty clay loam

C horizon:

Hue—5YR, 7.5YR, or 10YR

Value—4 to 6

Chroma—5 or 6

Texture—loam, clay loam, or silty clay loam

Atkins Series

Depth class: Very deep

Drainage class: Poorly drained

Permeability: Slow to moderate

Landscape position: Flood plains

Parent material: Alluvium derived mainly from acid shale, siltstone, and sandstone

Slope range: 0 to 3 percent

Classification: Fine-loamy, mixed, active, acid, mesic Fluvaquentic Endoaquepts

Representative Pedon

Atkins silt loam, in an area of Atkins-Philo-Potomac complex, in an abandoned

pasture; about 2.25 miles southwest of Alvon along Fleming Creek; USGS

Alvon topographic quadrangle; lat. 37 degrees 52 minutes 32 seconds N. and

long. 80 degrees 13 minutes 41 seconds W.

A—0 to 4 inches; dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) silt loam; weak fine granular

structure; friable; many very fine, fine, and medium roots; few fine prominent

strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) redoximorphic concentrations and few fine distinct

grayish brown (10YR 5/2) redoximorphic depletions; very strongly acid; gradual

wavy boundary.
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

262

Bg1—4 to 8 inches; grayish brown (2.5Y 5/2) silt loam; weak fine subangular blocky

structure; friable; common very fine, fine, and medium roots; many fine prominent

strong brown (7.5YR 5/8) and common fine prominent dark yellowish brown

(10YR 4/4) redoximorphic concentrations; very strongly acid; clear wavy

boundary.

Bg2—8 to 29 inches; gray (2.5Y 5/1) silt loam; weak fine and medium subangular

blocky structure; friable; few very fine and fine roots; many fine prominent strong

brown (7.5YR 5/8) and common fine prominent yellowish red (5YR 5/8)

redoximorphic concentrations; 5 percent rock fragments; strongly acid; diffuse

wavy boundary.

Cg1—29 to 47 inches; bluish gray (10B 5/1) silty clay loam; massive; firm; few very

fine roots; many coarse prominent yellowish brown (10YR 5/8) redoximorphic

concentrations; 5 percent rock fragments; strongly acid; gradual wavy boundary.

2Cg2—47 to 65 inches; bluish gray (5PB 5/1) very gravelly silty clay loam; massive;

firm; many coarse prominent yellowish brown (10YR 5/8) redoximorphic

concentrations; 45 percent rock fragments; strongly acid.

Range in Characteristics

Thickness of the solum: 25 to 50 inches

Depth to bedrock: More than 60 inches

Reaction: Very strongly acid or strongly acid; ranges to moderately acid below a depth

of 40 inches

Content of rock fragments: 0 to 20 percent, by volume, in the solum and 0 to

60 percent, by volume, in the substratum

A horizon:

Hue—10YR

Value—4 to 7

Chroma—1 to 4

Texture—loam, silt loam, fine sandy loam, or silty clay loam

B horizon:

Hue—7.5YR, 10YR, 2.5Y, 5Y, 10B, or 5PB or is neutral

Value—4 to 7

Chroma—0 to 2

Redoximorphic features—hue of 5YR to 2.5Y, value of 3 to 6, and chroma of 2 to

8

Texture—Silt loam, loam, or silty clay loam

C horizon:

Hue—7.5YR, 10YR, 2.5Y, 5Y, 10B, or 5PB or is neutral

Value—4 to 7

Chroma—0 to 8

Texture—Silt loam, loam, or silty clay loam; sand and gravel below a depth of

36 inches

Belmont Series

Depth class: Deep

Drainage class: Well drained

Permeability: Moderate

Landscape position: Benches and side slopes

Parent material: Limestone with some interbedded layers of shale, siltstone, and

sandstone; in areas of the Greenbrier geologic deposit

Slope range: 15 to 35 percent

Classification: Fine-loamy, mixed, active, mesic Typic Hapludalfs
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

263

Representative Pedon

Belmont silt loam, in a pastured area; in Pocahontas County; about 1,500 feet north

and 60 degrees west of the intersection of Back Mountain Road and Nottingham

Road; USGS Durbin topographic quadrangle; lat. 38 degrees 31 minutes 44 seconds

N. and long. 79 degrees 51 minutes 54 seconds W.

Oi—0 to 2 inches; slightly decomposed leaf litter.

A—2 to 5 inches; very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) silt loam; moderate fine and

medium granular structure; friable; many very fine and fine and common medium

roots; 5 percent rock fragments; moderately acid; clear smooth boundary.

BA—5 to 8 inches; dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) silt loam; moderate fine

subangular blocky structure; friable; many very fine and fine and common

medium roots; 10 percent rock fragments; moderately acid; clear wavy boundary.

Bt1—8 to 14 inches; brown (7.5YR 4/4) channery silt loam; moderate fine and

medium subangular blocky structure; friable; common very fine and fine and few

medium roots; common distinct clay films on faces of peds and rock fragments

and in pores and root channels; 15 percent rock fragments; moderately acid; clear

wavy boundary.

Bt2—14 to 25 inches; brown (7.5YR 4/4) channery silty clay loam; moderate fine and

medium subangular blocky structure; friable; few medium roots; many prominent

clay films on faces of peds and rock fragments and in pores and root channels;

15 percent rock fragments; slightly acid; clear wavy boundary.

Bt3—25 to 37 inches; brown (7.5YR 4/4) channery silty clay; strong medium and

coarse subangular blocky structure; firm, sticky and plastic; few medium roots;

many prominent clay films on faces of peds and rock fragments and in pores and

root channels; 20 percent rock fragments; slightly acid; gradual wavy boundary.

C—37 to 53 inches; brown (7.5YR 4/4) very channery silty clay; massive; firm, sticky

and plastic; 45 percent rock fragments; slightly alkaline; abrupt irregular boundary.

R—53 inches; gray (N 5/) limestone interbedded with dark grayish brown (2.5Y 4/2)

siltstone.

Range in Characteristics

Thickness of the solum: 30 to 40 inches

Depth to bedrock: 43 to 52 inches

Reaction: In unlimed areas, strongly acid to slightly acid in the A horizon and in the

upper part of the B horizon; moderately acid to neutral in the lower part of the

B horizon; and moderately acid to slightly alkaline in the C horizon

Content of rock fragments: 0 to 5 percent, by volume, in the A horizon; 0 to

20 percent, by volume, in the B horizon; and 20 to 45 percent, by volume, in

the C horizon

Type of rock fragments: Limestone, shale, siltstone, and sandstone

A horizon:

Hue—7.5YR or 10YR

Value—2 or 3

Chroma—2 or 3

Texture—silt loam, loam, or silty clay loam

BA horizon:

Hue—7.5YR or 10YR

Value—3 or 4

Chroma—4

Texture—silt loam or silty clay loam

Bt horizon:

Hue—5YR or 7.5YR
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

264

Value—4 or 5

Chroma—3 or 4

Texture—silt loam, silty clay loam, or silty clay

C horizon:

Hue—5YR or 7.5YR

Value—4 or 5

Chroma—3 or 4

Texture—silty clay or silty clay loam

Berks Series

Depth class: Moderately deep (fig. 20)

Drainage class: Well drained

Permeability: Moderate or moderately rapid

Landscape position: Uplands, mainly in the eastern half of the county

Parent material: Interbedded siltstone, shale, and fine grained sandstone; in areas of

the Chemung, Pocono, Brallier, Millboro, McKenzie, and Clinton geologic deposits

Slope range: 3 to 80 percent

Classification: Loamy-skeletal, mixed, active, mesic Typic Dystrudepts

Representative Pedon

Berks channery loam, in an area of Berks-Dekalb complex, 35 to 55 percent

slopes, very stony, in a wooded area on Greenbrier Mountain; about 3 miles

northwest of the intersection of West Virginia Routes 36 and 36/2; USGS White

Sulphur Springs topographic quadrangle; lat. 37 degrees 51 minutes 18 seconds N.

and long. 80 degrees 19 minutes 04 seconds W.

Oi—0 to 1 inch; slightly decomposed leaf litter.

A—1 to 3 inches; dark brown (10YR 3/3) channery loam; weak very fine and fine

granular structure; very friable; many very fine, fine, medium, and coarse roots;

20 percent rock fragments; strongly acid; abrupt wavy boundary.

BA—3 to 6 inches; brown (10YR 5/3) channery loam; weak fine subangular blocky

and weak very fine granular structure; very friable; many very fine, fine,

medium, and coarse roots; 20 percent rock fragments; strongly acid; clear wavy

boundary.

Bw1—6 to 12 inches; brownish yellow (10YR 6/6) channery loam; weak fine

subangular blocky structure; friable; many very fine, fine, medium, and coarse

roots; 25 percent rock fragments; very strongly acid; clear wavy boundary.

Bw2—12 to 19 inches; brownish yellow (10YR 6/6) very channery silt loam; weak fine

and medium subangular blocky structure; friable; many very fine, fine, medium,

and coarse roots; 35 percent rock fragments; very strongly acid; clear wavy

boundary.

BC—19 to 23 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) very channery silt loam; massive;

friable; few very fine, fine, medium, and coarse roots; 50 percent rock fragments;

very strongly acid; clear irregular boundary.

C—23 to 30 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) very channery silt loam; massive;

friable; few very fine, fine, medium, and coarse roots; 50 percent rock fragments;

very strongly acid; clear irregular boundary.

Cr—30 inches; highly weathered, strong brown (7.5YR 5/8), gray (10YR 6/1), and

olive (5Y 5/3) siltstone.

Range in Characteristics

Thickness of the solum: 18 to 30 inches

Depth to bedrock: 20 to 40 inches
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

265

Reaction: Extremely acid or strongly acid

Content of rock fragments: 15 to 40 percent, by volume, in the A horizon; 15 to

60 percent, by volume, in the B horizon; and 50 to 80 percent, by volume, in

the C horizon

A horizon:

Hue—10YR

Value—3 or 4

Chroma—2 to 4

B horizon:

Hue—7.5YR or 10YR

Value—4 to 6

Chroma—3 to 8

Texture—silt loam or loam

Figure 20.—Representative profile of a Berks soil. Olive brown

sandstone bedrock is at a depth of about 30 inches. Rock

fragments are dominantly less than 3⁄4 inch in size. The

content of rock fragments increases with increasing depth.

Depth is marked in feet.
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

266

C horizon:

Hue—7.5YR or 10YR

Value—5 or 6

Chroma—4 to 8

Texture—silt loam or loam

Blackthorn Series

Depth class: Very deep

Drainage class: Well drained

Permeability: Moderate or moderately rapid above the 2Bt horizon and moderate or

moderately slow in the 2Bt horizon

Landscape position: Footslopes

Parent material: Colluvium derived from acid sandstone and siltstone over limestone;

on the Helderberg, Cayugan, and McKenzie geologic deposits

Slope range: 3 to 35 percent

Classification: Loamy-skeletal, mixed, semiactive, mesic Typic Hapludults

Representative Pedon

Blackthorn very channery loam, 15 to 35 percent slopes, extremely stony, in a

wooded area east of Alderson; about 4 miles east of the intersection of West Virginia

Routes 12 and 63 and about 0.15 mile north of West Virginia Route 63; USGS Fort

Spring topographic quadrangle; lat. 37 degrees 44 minutes 20 seconds N. and long.

80 degrees 34 minutes 58 seconds W.

Oi—0 to 1 inch; slightly decomposed leaf litter.

A—1 to 6 inches; very dark gray (10YR 3/1) very channery loam; weak medium

granular structure; very friable; few medium and many fine and very fine roots;

50 percent rock fragments; neutral; clear wavy boundary.

BA—6 to 12 inches; brown (10YR 4/3) channery sandy loam; weak medium

subangular blocky structure; very friable; few medium and common fine and very

fine roots; 20 percent rock fragments; strongly acid; gradual wavy boundary.

Bw—12 to 24 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) very channery loam; weak medium

subangular blocky structure; friable; few fine and very fine roots; 40 percent rock

fragments; very strongly acid; clear wavy boundary.

Bt1—24 to 31 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/8) very channery sandy clay loam;

moderate medium subangular blocky structure; friable; few fine and very fine

roots; few manganese coatings; few faint clay films on faces of peds and rock

fragments; 40 percent rock fragments; very strongly acid; clear wavy boundary.

Bt2—31 to 37 inches; strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) very channery sandy clay loam;

moderate medium subangular blocky structure; friable; few fine and very fine

roots; few manganese coatings; few faint clay films on faces of peds and rock

fragments; 40 percent rock fragments; very strongly acid; clear wavy boundary.

Bt3—37 to 44 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/8) very channery clay loam; weak

medium subangular blocky structure; friable; few fine and very fine roots; many

manganese coatings; few faint clay films on faces of peds and rock fragments;

50 percent rock fragments; strongly acid; abrupt wavy boundary.

2Bt4—44 to 53 inches; strong brown (7.5YR 5/8) silty clay; moderate medium

subangular blocky structure; firm, sticky; few fine and very fine roots; common

manganese coatings; few faint clay films on faces of peds; 5 percent highly

weathered siltstone fragments; strongly acid; clear wavy boundary.

2Bt5—53 to 65 inches; strong brown (7.5YR 5/8) silty clay loam; moderate medium

subangular blocky structure; firm, slightly sticky; few fine and very fine roots;

common manganese coatings; few faint clay films on faces of peds; strongly

acid.
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

267

Range in Characteristics

Thickness of the solum: 60 inches or more

Depth to the 2Bt horizon: 40 inches or more

Depth to bedrock: More than 60 inches

Reaction: Very strongly acid to moderately acid above the 2Bt horizon and very

strongly acid or strongly acid in the 2Bt horizon

Content of rock fragments: 5 to 65 percent in individual subhorizons above the

2Bt horizon and 0 to 25 percent in the 2Bt horizon

A horizon:

Hue—10YR

Value—3 or 4

Chroma—1 to 3

Texture—sandy loam, loam, or the channery and very channery analogs of those

textures

BA horizon:

Hue—5YR, 7.5YR, or 10YR

Value—3 to 5

Chroma—3 or 4

Texture—loam or sandy loam

Bw and Bt horizons:

Hue—7.5YR or 10YR

Value—5 or 6

Chroma—4 to 8

Texture—loam, sandy loam, sandy clay loam, or clay loam

2Bt horizon:

Hue—2.5YR, 5YR, or 7.5YR

Value—4 to 6

Chroma—4 to 8

Texture—silty clay or silty clay loam

Briery Series

Depth class: Very deep (fig. 21)

Drainage class: Well drained

Permeability: Moderate or moderately rapid

Landscape position: Uplands, at elevations above 3,500 feet

Parent material: Partly weathered shale, siltstone, sandstone, and some coal from the

surface mining of coal seams; in areas of the Pocahontas, New River, and

Kanawha geologic deposits

Slope range: 0 to 80 percent

Classification: Loamy-skeletal, mixed, active, nonacid, frigid Typic Udorthents

Representative Pedon

Briery very channery silt loam, in an area on a bench revegetated with crownvetch,

birdsfoot trefoil, and orchardgrass; in Pocahontas County; about 4.5 miles south and

45 degrees west of Sharp Knob on Gauley Mountain; USGS Sharp Knob topographic

quadrangle; lat. 38 degrees 22 minutes 36 seconds N. and long. 80 degrees

13 minutes 05 seconds W.

A—0 to 2 inches; very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) very channery silt loam; weak

very fine granular structure; very friable; many very fine, fine, and medium roots;

45 percent rock fragments; moderately acid; abrupt smooth boundary.
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

268

Figure 21.—Representative profile of a Briery soil. This soil has

a very thin surface layer underlain by a loamy-skeletal

substratum. The dominant rock is black siltstone. The red

and gray colors are lithochromic. The photograph shows

the profile to a depth of 60 inches.

C1—2 to 21 inches; brown (10YR 4/3) very channery silt loam; common distinct

strong brown (7.5YR 5/8) and prominent gray (10YR 5/1) lithochromic mottles;

massive; friable; few fine and medium roots; 55 percent rock fragments; neutral;

gradual irregular boundary.

C2—21 to 65 inches; brown (10YR 4/3) extremely channery silty clay loam;

massive; friable; few very fine and fine roots; 75 percent rock fragments; mildly

alkaline.
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

269

Range in Characteristics

Depth to bedrock: More than 60 inches

Reaction: Strongly acid to slightly alkaline

Content of rock fragments: 15 to 85 percent, by volume, throughout the profile;

averages 35 percent or more, by volume, in the particle-size control section; each

type of rock fragment less than 65 percent, by volume, of the total rock fragments

in the control section

Type of rock fragments: Siltstone, shale, sandstone, and coal; dominantly channers

but includes stones and a few boulders

A horizon:

Hue—10YR

Value—2 to 5

Chroma—1 to 3

Texture—silt loam or loam

C horizon:

Hue—7.5YR or 10YR

Value—3 to 5

Chroma—3 to 6

Texture—silt loam, silty clay loam, or loam

Calvin Series

Depth class: Moderately deep (fig. 22)

Drainage class: Well drained

Permeability: Moderately rapid

Landscape position: Ridgetops, benches, and side slopes

Parent material: Shale, siltstone, and fine grained sandstone; in areas of the

McKenzie, Clinton, and Juniata geologic deposits

Slope range: 3 to 80 percent

Classification: Loamy-skeletal, mixed, active, mesic Typic Dystrudepts

Representative Pedon

Calvin channery silt loam, in a wooded area; in Pocahontas County; about 1.5 miles

south and 77 degrees east of where County Route 39/2 crosses Stillhouse Run;

USGS Marlinton topographic quadrangle; lat. 38 degrees 12 minutes 14 seconds N.

and long. 80 degrees 04 minutes 17 seconds W.

Oi—0 to 1 inch; slightly decomposed forest litter.

A—1 to 3 inches; dark reddish brown (5YR 3/2) channery silt loam; weak very

fine granular structure; very friable; many very fine, fine, and medium roots;

25 percent rock fragments; very strongly acid; abrupt smooth boundary.

BA—3 to 5 inches; reddish brown (5YR 4/3) channery silt loam; weak fine subangular

blocky structure parting to weak very fine granular; very friable; many very fine,

fine, medium, and coarse roots; 18 percent rock fragments; very strongly acid;

abrupt wavy boundary.

Bw1—5 to 14 inches; reddish brown (5YR 4/4) channery silt loam; weak fine and

medium subangular blocky structure; very friable; common very fine, fine,

medium, and coarse roots; 25 percent rock fragments; very strongly acid; clear

smooth boundary.

Bw2—14 to 22 inches; reddish brown (5YR 4/4) channery silt loam; moderate

medium subangular blocky structure; friable; common very fine, fine, medium,

and coarse roots; 25 percent rock fragments; very strongly acid; clear wavy

boundary.
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

270

BC—22 to 28 inches; reddish brown (5YR 4/4) very channery silt loam; moderate

medium subangular blocky structure; friable; few very fine, fine, and medium

roots; 55 percent rock fragments; very strongly acid; gradual wavy boundary.

Figure 22.—Representative profile of a Calvin soil. Reddish brown, fine

grained sandstone bedrock is at a depth of about 24 inches. Depth is

marked in feet.
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

271

C—28 to 40 inches; reddish brown (5YR 4/4) extremely channery silt loam; massive;

firm; few very fine, fine, and medium roots; 65 percent rock fragments; very

strongly acid; clear smooth boundary.

Cr—40 inches; reddish brown (5YR 4/3), highly weathered siltstone.

Range in Characteristics

Thickness of the solum: 20 to 32 inches

Depth to bedrock: 20 to 40 inches

Reaction: Very strongly acid or strongly acid

Content of rock fragments: 5 to 25 percent, by volume, in the A and BA horizons;

25 to 55 percent, by volume, in the Bw and BC horizons; 55 to 70 percent, by

volume, in the C horizon; averages more than 35 percent, by volume, in the

particle-size control section

A horizon:

Hue—5YR or 7.5YR

Value—2 to 5

Chroma—2 to 4

Texture—silt loam or loam

BA horizon:

Hue—5YR

Value—4 or 5

Chroma—3 or 4

Texture—loam or silt loam

Bw and BC horizons:

Hue—2.5YR or 5YR

Value—4 or 5

Chroma—3 to 6

Texture—loam or silt loam

C horizon:

Hue—2.5YR or 5YR

Value—3 or 4

Chroma—3 or 4

Texture—loam or silt loam

Caneyville Series

Depth class: Moderately deep

Drainage class: Well drained

Permeability: Moderately slow or moderate

Landscape position: Uplands

Parent material: Limestone interbedded with thin layers of siltstone and shale; in

areas of the Greenbrier geologic deposit

Slope range: 3 to 60 percent

Classification: Fine, mixed, active, mesic Typic Hapludalfs

Representative Pedon

Caneyville silt loam, in a pastured area of Frederick-Caneyville complex, karst,

15 to 35 percent slopes, very rocky; about 3.5 miles northwest of Lewisburg; USGS

Asbury topographic quadrangle; lat. 37 degrees 50 minutes 26 seconds N. and long.

80 degrees 30 minutes 15 seconds W.

A—0 to 3 inches; brown (10YR 4/3) silt loam; weak fine subangular blocky

structure parting to weak fine granular; very friable; common fine and very
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

272

fine roots; less than 5 percent rock fragments; moderately acid; clear smooth

boundary.

BA—3 to 6 inches; strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) silt loam; weak fine and medium

subangular blocky structure; very friable; common very fine and few fine

roots; less than 5 percent rock fragments; slightly acid; clear wavy boundary.

Bt1—6 to 10 inches; strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) silty clay loam; weak medium

subangular blocky structure; friable; common very fine and few fine roots; few

faint clay films on faces of peds; few fine and medium, brown (10YR 4/3)

krotovinas; less than 5 percent rock fragments; slightly acid; clear wavy boundary.

Bt2—10 to 15 inches; yellowish red (5YR 5/6) clay; moderate medium subangular

blocky structure; firm; few fine and very fine roots; common distinct clay films on

faces of peds; few fine and medium, brown (10YR 4/3) krotovinas; less than

5 percent rock fragments; neutral; clear wavy boundary.

Bt3—15 to 24 inches; yellowish red (5YR 4/6) clay; strong medium subangular blocky

structure; firm; few very fine roots; many prominent clay films on faces of peds

and in root channels; few manganese coatings on faces of peds; 10 percent

highly weathered, red and yellow siltstone and limestone rock fragments; neutral;

abrupt irregular boundary.

R—24 inches; limestone bedrock with a very thin, highly weathered, white, powdery

coating.

Range in Characteristics

Thickness of the solum: 20 to 40 inches

Depth to bedrock: 20 to 40 inches

Reaction: Moderately acid to slightly alkaline

Content of rock fragments: 0 to 5 percent, by volume, in the A horizon and 0 to

10 percent, by volume, in the B horizon

A horizon:

Hue—10YR

Value—3 or 4

Chroma—2 or 3

Texture—silt loam, loam, silty clay loam, or silty clay

BA horizon:

Hue—7.5YR or 10YR

Value—4 or 5

Chroma—4 to 6

Texture—silt loam or loam

Bt horizon:

Hue—2.5YR, 5YR, or 7.5YR

Value—4 or 5

Chroma—4 to 8

Texture—silty clay loam, silty clay, or clay

Cateache Series

Depth class: Moderately deep (fig. 23)

Drainage class: Well drained

Permeability: Moderate

Landscape position: Ridgetops, benches, and side slopes

Parent material: Calcareous siltstone, shale, and fine grained sandstone; in areas of

the Maccrady, Bluefield, and Hinton geologic deposits

Slope range: 3 to 55 percent

Classification: Fine-loamy, mixed, active, mesic Ultic Hapludalfs
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

273

Representative Pedon

Cateache silt loam, 35 to 55 percent slopes, very stony, in a wooded area on

Bennett Mountain; about 2 miles southwest of the entrance to the Mountain View

Farms subdivision; USGS Dawson topographic quadrangle; lat. 37 degrees

49 minutes 01 second N. and long. 80 degrees 40 minutes 49 seconds W.

Oi—0 to 1 inch; slightly decomposed forest litter.

A—1 to 5 inches; dark brown (7.5YR 3/4) silt loam; weak fine granular structure; very

friable; common very fine, fine, and medium roots; 5 percent rock fragments; very

strongly acid; clear wavy boundary.

BA—5 to 11 inches; dark reddish brown (5YR 3/4) silt loam; moderate medium

subangular blocky structure; friable; common very fine and fine and few

Figure 23.—Representative profile of a Cateache soil. An

accumulation of clay is between depths of 8 and

24 inches. Dusky red, highly weathered sandstone

bedrock is at a depth of about 30 inches. Depth is

marked in feet.
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

274

medium and coarse roots; 5 percent rock fragments; strongly acid; clear wavy

boundary.

Bt1—11 to 19 inches; dark reddish brown (5YR 3/4) channery silty clay loam; moderate

medium subangular blocky structure; friable; common very fine and fine roots;

common distinct clay films on faces of peds; 20 percent rock fragments; strongly

acid; clear wavy boundary.

Bt2—19 to 29 inches; dark reddish brown (5YR 3/4) very channery silty clay loam;

weak medium and coarse subangular blocky structure; friable; few very fine roots;

common distinct clay films on faces of peds; 40 percent rock fragments; strongly

acid; clear wavy boundary.

C—29 to 36 inches; reddish brown (5YR 5/4) extremely channery silty clay loam;

massive; friable; few very fine roots; 70 percent rock fragments; strongly acid;

clear irregular boundary.

Cr—36 inches; brown (7.5YR 4/2), fractured siltstone.

Range in Characteristics

Thickness of the solum: 18 to 40 inches

Depth to bedrock: 20 to 40 inches

Reaction: Very strongly acid to moderately acid

Content of rock fragments: 5 to 10 percent, by volume, in the A horizon; 5 to

20 percent, by volume, in the BA horizon; 10 to 45 percent, by volume, in the

Bt1 horizon; 40 to 70 percent, by volume, in the Bt2 horizon; 35 to 80 percent, by

volume, in the C horizon

A horizon:

Hue—5YR or 7.5YR

Value—3 or 4

Chroma—2 to 4

Texture—silt loam or loam

BA horizon:

Hue—2.5YR or 5YR

Value—3 to 5

Chroma—3 or 4

Texture—silt loam

Bt horizon:

Hue—2.5YR or 5YR

Value—3 or 4

Chroma—3 to 6

Texture—silt loam or silty clay loam

C horizon:

Hue—2.5YR or 5YR

Value—3 to 5

Chroma—3 or 4

Texture—silt loam or silty clay loam

Chavies Series

Depth class: Very deep

Drainage class: Well drained

Permeability: Moderately rapid

Landscape position: Low stream terraces, along Greenbrier River and its larger

tributaries
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

275

Parent material: Alluvium derived from soils underlain by sandstone, siltstone, and

limestone

Slope range: 0 to 3 percent

Classification: Coarse-loamy, mixed, active, mesic Ultic Hapludalfs

Representative Pedon

Chavies fine sandy loam, in a cultivated field, along the Greenbrier River west of

Caldwell; about 0.4 mile northeast of the intersection of U.S. Route 60 and West

Virginia Route 38 and 40 feet northwest of West Virginia Route 38; USGS Lewisburg

topographic quadrangle; lat. 37 degrees 47 minutes 12 seconds N. and 80 degrees

23 minutes 43 seconds W.

Ap—0 to 5 inches; brown (10YR 4/3) fine sandy loam; weak fine and medium

granular structure; very friable; few very fine and fine roots; less than 5 percent

rock fragments; moderately acid; clear smooth boundary.

AB—5 to 10 inches; brown (10YR 4/3) fine sandy loam; weak medium subangular

blocky structure; very friable; few very fine and fine roots; less than 5 percent rock

fragments; slightly acid; clear wavy boundary.

Bt1—10 to 25 inches; dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) loam; weak medium

subangular blocky structure; friable; few very fine and fine roots; few distinct clay

films on faces of peds and in pores; less than 5 percent rock fragments; slightly

acid; clear wavy boundary.

Bt2—25 to 45 inches; brown (7.5YR 4/4) loam; weak medium subangular blocky

structure; friable; few very fine roots; common prominent clay films on faces of

peds and in pores; less than 5 percent rock fragments; slightly acid; gradual wavy

boundary.

BC—45 to 55 inches; brown (7.5YR 4/4) loam; weak medium and coarse subangular

blocky structure; friable; less than 5 percent rock fragments; slightly acid; gradual

wavy boundary.

C—55 to 65 inches; brown (7.5YR 5/4) loam; few fine prominent grayish brown (10YR

5/2) redoximorphic depletions; massive; friable; less than 5 percent rock

fragments; moderately acid.

Range in Characteristics

Thickness of the solum: 30 to 60 inches

Depth to bedrock: More than 60 inches

Reaction: In unlimed areas, very strongly acid to neutral in the A and Bt horizons

and very strongly acid to slightly acid in the BC and C horizons

Content of rock fragments: 0 to 15 percent, by volume, in the solum and 0 to

30 percent, by volume, in the substratum

Kind of rock fragments: Dominantly sandstone pebbles

A horizon:

Hue—10YR

Value—3 or 4

Chroma—2 to 4

Texture—fine sandy loam, sandy loam, loam, silt loam, or loamy sand

Bt horizon:

Hue—5YR, 7.5YR, or 10YR

Value—4 or 5

Chroma—4 to 6

Texture—fine sandy loam, loam, or silt loam

C horizon:

Hue—5YR, 7.5YR, or 10YR
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

276

Value—4 to 6

Chroma—3 to 6

Texture—fine sandy loam, sandy loam, loam, or silt loam

Cookport Series

Depth class: Deep

Drainage class: Moderately well drained

Permeability: Slow

Landscape position: Ridgetops

Parent material: Sandstone and some interbedded shales; mainly in areas on the

Pocono and Bluefield geologic deposits

Slope range: 3 to 8 percent

Classification: Fine-loamy, mixed, semiactive, mesic Aquic Fragiudults

Representative Pedon

Cookport loam, 3 to 8 percent slopes, in a wooded area on Muddy Creek Mountain;

about 2.7 miles east-northeast of the intersection of West Virginia Routes 12 and 40

and about 0.5 mile southeast of West Virginia Route 40; USGS Fort Spring

topographic quadrangle; lat. 37 degrees 44 minutes 47 seconds N. and long.

80 degrees 35 minutes 26 seconds W.

Oe—0 to 1 inch; moderately decomposed leaf litter.

A—1 to 3 inches; dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) loam; moderate medium granular

structure; very friable; few coarse and very coarse and many very fine, fine, and

medium roots; very strongly acid; clear wavy boundary.

BA—3 to 9 inches; brown (10YR 4/3) loam; moderate fine subangular blocky

structure; friable; few coarse and very coarse and many very fine, fine, and

medium roots; very strongly acid; clear wavy boundary.

Bt1—9 to 17 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) loam; moderate medium and coarse

subangular blocky structure; friable; few very fine, coarse, and very coarse and

many fine and medium roots; few faint clay films on faces of peds and in pores;

very strongly acid; clear wavy boundary.

Bt2—17 to 22 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) loam; common medium faint brown

(10YR 5/3) and common medium distinct grayish brown (10YR 5/2)

redoximorphic depletions and common medium distinct brownish yellow (10YR

6/6) redoximorphic concentrations; moderate medium subangular blocky

structure; friable; few very fine, fine, and medium roots; few distinct clay films on

faces of peds and in pores; very strongly acid; abrupt wavy boundary.

Btx—22 to 42 inches; brown (10YR 5/3) loam; common medium faint grayish brown

(10YR 5/2) redoximorphic depletions and common medium distinct brownish

yellow (10YR 6/6) redoximorphic concentrations in vertical streaks throughout the

horizon; moderate coarse and very coarse prismatic structure parting to

moderate medium subangular blocky; firm; few very fine roots along faces of

peds; few faint clay films in pores; very strongly acid; clear wavy boundary.

C—42 to 49 inches; mixed yellowish brown (10YR 5/6), light yellowish brown (10YR

6/4), strong brown (7.5YR 4/6), and light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) loam;

massive; firm; 10 percent rock fragments; very strongly acid; abrupt wavy

boundary.

R—49 inches; hard, gray sandstone.

Range in Characteristics

Thickness of the solum: 28 to 40 inches

Depth to bedrock: 40 to 60 inches

Reaction: Strongly acid to extremely acid
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

277

Content of rock fragments: 0 to 30 percent, by volume, throughout the soil profile

A horizon:

Hue—7.5YR, 10YR, or 2.5Y

Value—2 to 4

Chroma—2 or 3

Texture—silt loam, loam, or sandy loam

BA horizon:

Hue—7.5YR, 10YR, or 2.5Y

Value—3 to 5

Chroma—3 or 4

Texture—loam, silt loam, or sandy loam

Bt horizon:

Hue—7.5YR, 10YR, or 2.5Y

Value—4 or 5

Chroma—4 to 8

Texture—loam, sandy loam, sandy clay loam, or clay loam

Btx horizon:

Hue—7.5YR, 10YR, or 2.5Y

Value—4 or 5

Chroma—3 to 8

Texture—loam or sandy loam

C horizon:

Hue—10YR or 2.5Y

Value—4 to 6

Chroma—2 to 6

Texture—loam or sandy loam

Culleoka Series

Depth class: Moderately deep

Drainage class: Well drained

Permeability: Moderate or moderately rapid

Landscape position: Ridgetops, benches, and side slopes; mainly west of the

Greenbrier River valley

Parent material: Calcareous siltstone, shale, and fine grained sandstone; in areas of

the Greenbrier and Bluefield geologic deposits

Slope range: 3 to 55 percent

Classification: Fine-loamy, mixed, active, mesic Ultic Hapludalfs

Representative Pedon

Culleoka loam, 35 to 55 percent slopes, very stony, in a wooded area, on a

southwest-facing slope on Miller Ridge; about 1.9 miles north of the intersection of

U.S. Route 60 and West Virginia Route 60/15 (or 2.5 miles on West Virginia

Route 60/15 and 30 feet east of the road); USGS Williamsburg topographic

quadrangle; lat. 37 degrees 53 minutes 45 seconds N. and long. 80 degrees

29 minutes 08 seconds W.

Oi—0 to 1 inch; slightly decomposed hardwood leaf litter.

Oe—1 to 2 inches; moderately decomposed forest litter.

A—2 to 3 inches; very dark brown (10YR 2/2) loam; weak very fine and fine granular

structure; very friable; many very fine, fine, medium, and coarse roots; 10 percent

rock fragments; moderately acid; abrupt wavy boundary.
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

278

BA—3 to 5 inches; brown (10YR 4/3) channery loam; weak fine subangular blocky

structure parting to weak fine granular; very friable; many very fine, fine, medium,

and coarse roots; 15 percent rock fragments; strongly acid; clear wavy boundary.

Bw—5 to 9 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) channery loam; weak fine subangular

blocky structure; friable; many very fine, fine, medium, and coarse roots;

20 percent rock fragments; strongly acid; clear wavy boundary.

Bt1—9 to 21 inches; strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) channery silt loam; moderate fine and

medium subangular blocky structure; friable; common very fine, fine, medium,

and coarse roots; few faint clay films in pores; 20 percent rock fragments; strongly

acid; gradual wavy boundary.

Bt2—21 to 29 inches; strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) channery silty clay loam; moderate

medium subangular blocky structure; firm; common very fine, fine, medium, and

coarse roots; few distinct clay films in pores and on rock fragments; 30 percent

rock fragments; strongly acid; clear wavy boundary.

C—29 to 35 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) extremely channery silt loam;

massive; friable; few fine and medium roots; 65 percent rock fragments; strongly

acid; clear wavy boundary.

Cr—35 inches; olive (5Y 5/4) siltstone.

Range in Characteristics

Thickness of the solum: 20 to 40 inches

Depth to bedrock: 20 to 40 inches

Reaction: In unlimed areas, strongly acid or moderately acid in the A and B horizons

and strongly acid to slightly acid in the C horizon

Content of rock fragments: 0 to 20 percent, by volume, in the A horizon; 10 to

35 percent, by volume, in the BA, Bw, and Bt horizons; and 25 to 80 percent, by

volume, in the C horizon

A horizon:

Hue—10YR

Value—2 to 4

Chroma—2 or 3

Texture—loam or silt loam

BA, Bw, and Bt horizons:

Hue—7.5YR or 10YR

Value—4 or 5

Chroma—3 to 6

Texture—silt loam, loam, or silty clay loam

C horizon:

Hue—7.5YR or 10YR

Value—4 to 6

Chroma—4 to 6

Texture—silt loam or silty clay loam

Dekalb Series

Depth class: Moderately deep

Drainage class: Well drained

Permeability: Rapid

Landscape position: Uplands

Parent material: Acid material derived from sandstone; in areas of the Chemung,

Hampshire, Pocono, Clinton, Tuscarora, and Oriskany geologic deposits

Slope range: 3 to 80 percent

Classification: Loamy-skeletal, mixed, active, mesic Typic Dystrudepts
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

279

Representative Pedon

Dekalb channery sandy loam, in a wooded area of Berks-Dekalb complex, 35 to

55 percent slopes, very stony, on Greenbrier Mountain; about 3 miles northwest

of the intersection of West Virginia Routes 36 and 36/2 (or 3.7 miles on West

Virginia Route 36/2 and then on a private timber road); USGS White Sulphur

Springs topographic quadrangle; lat. 37 degrees 51 minutes 17 seconds N. and

long. 80 degrees 19 minutes 05 seconds W.

Oi—0 to 1 inch; slightly decomposed forest litter.

A—1 to 2 inches; very dark brown (10YR 2/2) channery sandy loam; weak very fine

granular structure; very friable; many very fine, fine, medium, and coarse roots;

30 percent rock fragments; very strongly acid; abrupt wavy boundary.

E—2 to 4 inches; brown (10YR 5/3) channery sandy loam; weak very fine granular

structure; very friable; many very fine, fine, medium, and coarse roots; 30 percent

rock fragments; very strongly acid; abrupt wavy boundary.

BE—4 to 8 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) very channery loam; weak very fine

subangular blocky structure parting to weak very fine granular; very friable; many

very fine, fine, medium, and coarse roots; 40 percent rock fragments; very

strongly acid; clear wavy boundary.

Bw1—8 to 15 inches; brownish yellow (10YR 6/6) very channery loam; weak very

fine and fine subangular blocky structure; friable; many very fine, fine, medium,

and coarse roots; 35 percent rock fragments; very strongly acid; clear wavy

boundary.

Bw2—15 to 23 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/8) very channery sandy loam; weak

fine and medium subangular blocky structure; friable; common very fine, fine,

medium, and coarse roots; 50 percent rock fragments; very strongly acid; clear

wavy boundary.

C—23 to 34 inches; strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) extremely channery sandy loam;

massive; friable; few fine and medium roots; 75 percent rock fragments; very

strongly acid; clear wavy boundary.

R—34 inches; fractured, gray (10YR 6/1), medium grained sandstone.

Range in Characteristics

Thickness of the solum: 20 to 40 inches

Depth to bedrock: 20 to 40 inches

Reaction: Extremely acid to strongly acid

Content of rock fragments: 10 to 30 percent, by volume, in the A horizon; 10 to

60 percent, by volume, in the B horizon; and 50 to 90 percent, by volume, in

the C horizon

A horizon:

Hue—10YR

Value—2 or 3

Chroma—1 or 2

Texture—loam, fine sandy loam, or sandy loam

E horizon:

Hue—10YR

Value—5 or 6

Chroma—1 to 4

Texture—loam, fine sandy loam, or sandy loam

Bw horizon:

Hue—7.5YR or 10YR

Value—5 to 8

Chroma—4 to 8
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

280

Texture—loam, fine sandy loam, or sandy loam

C horizon:

Hue—7.5YR or 10YR

Value—5 or 6

Chroma—4 to 6

Texture—sandy loam or loamy sand

Dunning Series

Depth class: Very deep

Drainage class: Poorly drained

Permeability: Slow

Landscape position: Depressions

Parent material: Limestone and siltstone; in areas of the Greenbrier geologic

deposit

Slope range: 0 to 3 percent

Classification: Fine, mixed, active, mesic Fluvaquentic Endoaquolls

Representative Pedon

Dunning silty clay loam, karst, in a pasture; about 400 feet northeast of the

intersection of U.S. Route 60 and West Virginia Route 60/12; USGS Lewisburg

topographic quadrangle; lat. 37 degrees 51 minutes 17 seconds N. and

long. 80 degrees 28 minutes 27 seconds W.

A—0 to 10 inches; black (N 2.5/) silty clay loam; common fine distinct yellowish red

(5YR 4/6) redoximorphic concentrations; weak medium subangular blocky

structure parting to moderate coarse and very coarse granular; friable; many fine

and very fine roots; slightly acid; clear wavy boundary.

Bg1—10 to 20 inches; very dark gray (10YR 3/1) silty clay loam; few fine prominent

yellowish red (5YR 4/6) redoximorphic concentrations; moderate medium

subangular blocky structure; friable, sticky and plastic; common fine and very fine

roots; slightly alkaline; clear wavy boundary.

Bg2—20 to 28 inches; gray (10YR 5/1) clay; common medium distinct yellowish

brown (10YR 5/6) redoximorphic concentrations; weak medium subangular

blocky structure; firm, sticky and plastic; few fine and very fine roots; common

medium prominent black (N 2.5/) coatings on faces of peds; less than 5 percent

rock fragments; slightly alkaline; clear wavy boundary.

BCg—28 to 38 inches; gray (2.5Y 5/1) clay; few medium distinct yellowish brown

(10YR 5/6) redoximorphic concentrations; weak medium subangular blocky

structure; firm, sticky and plastic; few very fine roots; 10 percent rock fragments;

slightly alkaline; clear wavy boundary.

Cg1—38 to 46 inches; gray (2.5Y 5/1) clay; common medium distinct strong brown

(7.5YR 5/8) redoximorphic concentrations; massive; firm, sticky and plastic;

10 percent rock fragments; slightly alkaline; clear wavy boundary.

Cg2—46 to 65 inches; gray (2.5Y 5/1) gravelly clay; many medium distinct light olive

brown (2.5Y 5/6) redoximorphic concentrations; massive; firm, sticky and plastic;

15 percent rock fragments; slightly alkaline; abrupt wavy boundary.

R—65 inches; a thin layer of yellowish brown (10YR 5/8) siltstone overlying gray

limestone.

Range in Characteristics

Thickness of the solum: 30 to 60 inches

Depth to bedrock: More than 60 inches

Reaction: Moderately acid to slightly alkaline
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

281

Content of rock fragments: 0 to 15 percent, by volume, in the solum and 0 to

30 percent, by volume, in the substratum

A horizon:

Hue—10YR, 2.5Y, or 5Y or is neutral

Value—2 or 3

Chroma—0 to 3

Texture—silt loam, silty clay loam, or silty clay

Bg horizon:

Hue—7.5YR, 10YR, 2.5Y, or 5Y or is neutral

Value—3 to 6

Chroma—0 to 2

Texture—clay, silty clay, or silty clay loam

BCg horizon:

Hue—7.5YR, 10YR, 2.5Y, or 5Y or is neutral

Value—3 to 6

Chroma—0 to 2

Texture—clay, silty clay, or silty clay loam

Cg horizon:

Hue—10YR, 2.5Y, or 5Y or is neutral

Value—4 to 6

Chroma—0 to 2

Texture—clay, silty clay, or silty clay loam

Elliber Series

Depth class: Very deep (fig. 24)

Drainage class: Well drained

Permeability: Moderate or moderately rapid

Landscape position: Side slopes

Parent material: Chert interbedded with shale and sandstone; in areas of the

Huntersville Chert geologic deposit

Slope range: 35 to 55 percent

Classification: Loamy-skeletal, mixed, semiactive, mesic Typic Hapludults

Representative Pedon

Elliber extremely channery silt loam, 35 to 55 percent slopes, in a wooded area; in

Pocahontas County; about 5,000 feet north and 86 degrees east of the intersection of

County Route 21 and Violet Road, south of Huntersville; USGS Marlinton topographic

quadrangle; lat. 38 degrees 08 minutes 41 seconds N. and long. 80 degrees

02 minutes 45 seconds W.

Oi—0 to 2 inches; slightly decomposed forest litter.

A—2 to 4 inches; very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) extremely channery silt

loam; weak fine granular structure; friable; many very fine, fine, medium, and

coarse roots; 65 percent chert fragments; extremely acid; abrupt smooth

boundary.

BA—4 to 7 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) extremely channery silt loam; weak

fine granular structure; friable; many very fine, fine, medium, and coarse roots;

65 percent chert fragments; extremely acid; abrupt wavy boundary.

Bw1—7 to 12 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) very channery loam; weak fine

granular structure; friable; many very fine, fine, and medium roots; 60 percent

chert fragments; very strongly acid; clear smooth boundary.
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

282

Bw2—12 to 25 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) extremely channery loam;

weak fine granular structure; friable; many very fine, fine, and medium and few

coarse roots; 75 percent chert fragments; very strongly acid; abrupt wavy

boundary.

Figure 24.—Representative profile of an Elliber soil. Fragments of

chert are throughout the profile but are most easily seen at a

depth of about 24 inches. An accumulation of clay begins at a

depth of about 30 inches and extends to a depth of more than

65 inches. Depth is marked in feet.
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

283

Bw3—25 to 32 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) very channery loam; weak fine

subangular blocky structure parting to weak fine granular; friable; many very fine

and common fine roots; 45 percent chert fragments; very strongly acid; clear

wavy boundary.

Bt1—32 to 37 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) very channery silt loam; weak fine

subangular blocky structure; friable; few very fine, fine, medium, and coarse roots;

few distinct clay films on faces of peds and rock fragments; 55 percent chert

fragments; extremely acid; clear smooth boundary.

Bt2—37 to 43 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) very channery loam; weak

fine subangular blocky structure parting to weak fine granular; friable; few very

fine, fine, and medium roots; few faint clay films on rock fragments and in

root channels; 50 percent chert fragments; extremely acid; gradual wavy

boundary.

Bt3—43 to 50 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) very channery loam; weak fine

and medium subangular blocky structure; friable; few very fine, fine, and medium

roots; few faint clay films on faces of peds; 50 percent chert fragments; very

strongly acid; abrupt smooth boundary.

Bt4—50 to 64 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) very channery clay loam; moderate

fine and medium subangular blocky structure; friable; few fine roots; common faint

clay films on faces of peds; 60 percent chert fragments; very strongly acid; abrupt

wavy boundary.

Bt5—64 to 67 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) very channery clay loam; weak fine

and medium subangular blocky structure; friable; few fine roots; common distinct

clay films on faces of peds; 40 percent chert fragments; very strongly acid.

Range in Characteristics

Thickness of the solum: 40 to 70 inches

Depth to bedrock: More than 60 inches

Reaction: Extremely acid to strongly acid

Content of rock fragments: 40 to 65 percent, by volume, in the A horizon; 40 to

80 percent, by volume, in the B horizon; averages more than 35 percent, by

volume, in the particle-size control section

A horizon:

Hue—10YR

Value—3

Chroma—1 or 2

Texture—loam, sandy loam, or silt loam

B horizon:

Hue—10YR

Value—5 or 6

Chroma—4 to 8

Texture—silt loam, loam, or clay loam

Ernest Series

Depth class: Very deep

Drainage class: Moderately well drained

Permeability: Slow or moderately slow

Landscape position: Footslopes and benches

Parent material: Colluvium derived from acid shale, siltstone, and small amounts of

sandstone; mainly on the Brallier geologic deposit

Slope range: 3 to 15 percent

Classification: Fine-loamy, mixed, superactive, mesic Aquic Fragiudults
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

284

Representative Pedon

Ernest silt loam, 3 to 8 percent slopes, in an area of woodland; near White Sulphur

Springs.

Oi—0 to 1.75 inches; hardwood leaf litter.

Oe—1.75 to 2 inches; partly decomposed leaf litter.

A—2 to 4 inches; very dark gray (10YR 3/1) silt loam; weak fine granular structure;

very friable; 10 percent rock fragments; many very fine, fine, medium, and coarse

roots; strongly acid; clear wavy boundary.

BA—4 to 10 inches; brown (10YR 5/3) silt loam; weak fine granular structure and

weak fine subangular blocky; friable; 10 percent rock fragments; common very

fine, fine, medium, and coarse roots; very strongly acid; clear wavy boundary.

Bw—10 to 16 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) channery silt loam; weak fine

subangular blocky structure; friable; 15 percent rock fragments; common fine,

medium, and coarse roots; strongly acid; clear wavy boundary.

Bt1—16 to 23 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) channery silty clay loam; moderate

medium subangular blocky structure; friable; 15 percent rock fragments; few fine,

medium, and coarse roots; common faint clay films on faces of peds and in pores;

strongly acid; gradual wavy boundary.

Bt2—23 to 28 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) channery silty clay loam; moderate

medium and coarse subangular blocky structure; friable to firm; common medium

distinct light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) redoximorphic depletions and strong

brown (7.5YR 5/8) redoximorphic concentrations; 20 percent rock fragments; few

very fine, fine, medium, and coarse roots; common faint clay films on faces of

peds and in pores; strongly acid; gradual wavy boundary.

Btx—28 to 44 inches; variegated light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) and strong brown

(7.5YR 5/8) channery silt loam; weak very coarse prismatic structure parting to

weak medium platy; firm; 20 percent rock fragments; few faint clay films on faces

of peds; few medium roots; strongly acid; gradual wavy boundary.

C—44 to 62 inches; variegated light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) and strong brown

(7.5YR 5/8) channery silt loam; massive; very firm; 25 percent rock fragments;

strongly acid.

Range in Characteristics

Thickness of the solum: 36 to 72 inches

Depth to bedrock: More than 60 inches

Reaction: Strongly acid or very strongly acid

Content of rock fragments: 0 to 25 percent, by volume, in the A horizon; 0 to

30 percent, by volume, in the BA, Bw, and Bt horizons; 5 to 40 percent, by

volume, in the Btx horizon; and 5 to 50 percent, by volume, in the C horizon

A horizon:

Hue—7.5YR or 10YR

Value—2 to 5

Chroma—1 to 4

Texture—silt loam

BA, Bw, and Bt horizons:

Hue—7.5YR or 10YR

Value—4 to 6

Chroma—3 to 8

Texture—silt loam or silty clay loam

Bx horizon:

Hue—7.5YR, 10YR, or 2.5Y

Value—4 to 6
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

285

Chroma—2 to 8

Texture—silt loam, loam, or silty clay loam

C horizon:

Hue—7.5YR, 10YR, or 2.5Y

Value—4 to 7

Chroma—2 to 8

Texture—loam, silt loam, clay loam, silty clay loam, or silty clay

Faywood Series

Depth class: Moderately deep (fig. 25)

Drainage class: Well drained

Permeability: Slow or moderately slow

Landscape position: Uplands

Parent material: Limestone interbedded with thin layers of shale and siltstone; in

areas of the Helderberg, Cayugan, and McKenzie geologic deposits

Slope range: 15 to 55 percent

Classification: Fine, mixed, active, mesic Typic Hapludalfs

Representative Pedon

Faywood silt loam, in a pasture; in Pocahontas County; about 1 mile north and

40 degrees west of the intersection of West Virginia Routes 92 and 84 at Frost;

USGS Clover Lick topographic quadrangle; lat. 38 degrees 16 minutes 55 seconds N.

and long. 79 degrees 53 minutes 34 seconds W.

Ap—0 to 5 inches; brown (10YR 4/3) silt loam; moderate fine and medium granular

structure; friable; many very fine and fine roots; 2 percent rock fragments; slightly

acid; clear wavy boundary.

BA—5 to 8 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) silt loam; moderate medium

subangular blocky structure parting to moderate fine granular; friable; common

fine roots; 5 percent rock fragments; slightly acid; clear wavy boundary.

Bt—8 to 21 inches; strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) silty clay loam; strong fine and medium

angular blocky structure; firm; few fine roots; many prominent clay films on faces

of peds and in pores; 5 percent rock fragments; slightly acid; gradual wavy

boundary.

C—21 to 28 inches; strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) clay; olive (5Y 5/4) and black

(10YR 2/1), highly weathered siltstone fragments; massive; firm; 10 percent

rock fragments; slightly alkaline; clear wavy boundary.

Cr—28 to 30 inches; light olive brown (2.5Y 5/4), highly weathered siltstone.

R—30 inches; limestone.

Range in Characteristics

Thickness of the solum: 20 to 30 inches

Depth to bedrock: 20 to 40 inches

Reaction: Slightly acid to slightly alkaline

Content of rock fragments: 0 to 5 percent, by volume, in the A horizon; 0 to

15 percent, by volume, in the B horizon; and 5 to 15 percent, by volume, in

the C horizon

A horizon:

Hue—10YR

Value—4 or 5

Chroma—2 or 3

Texture—silt loam, silty clay loam, or silty clay
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

286

BA horizon:

Hue—10YR

Value—4 or 5

Chroma—4

Texture—silt loam

Bt horizon:

Hue—7.5YR, 10YR, or 2.5Y

Figure 25.—Representative profile of a Faywood soil. Clay has

accumulated in layers in the subsoil, directly below the surface soil.

These layers have strong structure. The depth to limestone bedrock

ranges from 20 to 40 inches. It varies significantly within short

distances. Depth is marked in feet.
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

287

Value—4 to 6

Chroma—4 to 6

Texture—silty clay loam, silty clay, or clay

C horizon:

Hue—7.5YR, 10YR, or 2.5Y

Value—5 or 6

Chroma—4 to 8

Texture—clay or silty clay

Fluvaquents

Depth class: Very deep

Drainage class: Poorly drained

Permeability: Varies

Landscape position: Flood plains, in minor drainageways at elevations above

3,000 feet

Parent material: Alluvium derived from soils underlain by siltstone, sandstone, and

limestone

Slope range: 0 to 3 percent

Classification: Fluvaquents

Representative Pedon

A typical pedon for Fluvaquents is not given because the soils vary so much.

Range in Characteristics

Depth to bedrock: More than 60 inches

Reaction: Extremely acid to strongly acid

A horizon:

Hue—10YR or 2.5Y

Value—3 or 4

Chroma—1 to 3

Texture—loam, silt loam, or sandy loam

Underlying horizons:

Hue—2.5Y, 5Y, or 5GY

Value—4 to 6

Chroma—1 to 3

Texture—loam, sandy loam, loamy sand, clay loam, or sandy clay loam

Frankstown Series

Depth class: Deep or very deep

Drainage class: Well drained

Permeability: Moderate

Landscape position: Gently sloping to steep uplands

Parent material: Siliceous limestone and interbedded limy shale; in areas of the

Greenbrier geologic deposit

Slope range: 3 to 35 percent

Classification: Fine-loamy, mixed, semiactive, mesic Typic Hapludults

Representative Pedon

Frankstown silt loam, karst, 3 to 8 percent slopes, in a recently developed pasture

east of Frankford; about 0.1 mile north-northwest of the intersection of West Virginia
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

288

Routes 21 and 15; USGS Anthony topographic quadrangle; lat. 37 degrees

55 minutes 10 seconds N. and long. 80 degrees 22 minutes 27 seconds W.

A—0 to 1 inch; dark brown (10YR 3/3) silt loam; moderate medium granular structure;

friable; many very fine and fine roots; 5 percent rock fragments; strongly acid;

abrupt wavy boundary.

E—1 to 2 inches; brown (10YR 5/3) silt loam; moderate fine subangular blocky

structure; friable; common very fine and fine roots; common medium dark brown

(10YR 3/3) krotovinas; 5 percent rock fragments; strongly acid; abrupt wavy

boundary.

BE—2 to 4 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) silt loam; moderate fine and medium

subangular blocky structure; friable to firm; few fine roots; common medium dark

brown (10YR 3/3) krotovinas; 5 percent rock fragments; very strongly acid; clear

wavy boundary.

Bw—4 to 12 inches; brownish yellow (10YR 6/6) silt loam; moderate fine and medium

subangular blocky structure; friable; few very fine and fine roots; few medium dark

brown (10YR 3/3) krotovinas; 5 percent rock fragments; very strongly acid; clear

wavy boundary.

Bt1—12 to 19 inches; brownish yellow (10YR 6/6) channery silty clay loam; moderate

medium subangular blocky structure; friable to firm; few very fine and fine roots;

common distinct clay films on faces of peds and in pores; few medium dark brown

(10YR 3/3) krotovinas; 15 percent rock fragments; very strongly acid; clear wavy

boundary.

Bt2—19 to 31 inches; brownish yellow (10YR 6/8) channery silty clay loam; moderate

medium and coarse subangular blocky structure; friable; many prominent clay

films on faces of peds and in pores; 25 percent strong brown (7.5YR 5/6), light

yellowish brown (2.5Y 6/4), and pale yellow (2.5Y 7/3), highly weathered rock

fragments; very strongly acid; gradual wavy boundary.

BC—31 to 35 inches; strong brown (7.5YR 5/8) very channery silt loam; moderate

medium subangular blocky structure; friable; 35 percent light yellowish brown

(10YR 6/4), highly weathered rock fragments; very strongly acid; gradual wavy

boundary.

C—35 to 45 inches; brownish yellow (10YR 6/8) very channery silt loam; common

thin reddish yellow (7.5YR 6/8) layers of silty clay loam in streaks throughout the

horizon; massive; friable; 40 percent brown (7.5YR 5/4) and pale brown (10YR

6/3), highly weathered rock fragments; very strongly acid; abrupt wavy boundary.

Cr—45 inches; weathered, strong brown (7.5YR 5/8) siltstone.

Range in Characteristics

Thickness of the solum: 40 to 60 inches

Depth to bedrock: 40 to more than 60 inches

Reaction: In unlimed areas, very strongly acid to moderately acid

Content of rock fragments: 0 to 25 percent, by volume, in the A and E horizons; 0 to

40 percent, by volume, in the BE, Bw, Bt, and BC horizons; and 20 to 50 percent,

by volume, in the C horizon

Kind of rock fragments: Limestone, siltstone, and chert

Ap horizon:

Hue—10YR or 2.5Y

Value—4 or 5

Chroma—2 or 3

Texture—silt loam

A horizon:

Hue—10YR

Value—3
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

289

Chroma—2 or 3

Texture—silt loam

E horizon:

Hue—10YR or 2.5Y

Value—4 to 6

Chroma—2 or 3

Texture—silt loam or loam

BE horizon:

Hue—10YR or 2.5Y

Value—4 or 5

Chroma—2 to 6

Texture—silt loam or loam

Bw, Bt, and BC horizons:

Hue—7.5YR or 10YR

Value—5 or 6

Chroma—4 to 8

Texture—silt loam or silty clay loam

C horizon:

Hue—7.5YR, 10YR, or 2.5Y

Value—4 to 6

Chroma—6 to 8

Texture—silt loam ranging to clay

Note—stratified with different colors and textures in some pedons

Frederick Series

Depth class: Very deep

Drainage class: Well drained

Permeability: Moderate

Landscape position: Uplands

Parent material: Limestone; in areas of the Greenbrier geologic deposit

Slope range: 3 to 60 percent

Classification: Fine, mixed, semiactive, mesic Typic Paleudults

Representative Pedon

Frederick silt loam, in a pastured area of Frederick-Caneyville complex, karst, 15 to

35 percent slopes, very rocky; about 3.5 miles northwest of Lewisburg; USGS

Asbury topographic quadrangle; lat. 37 degrees 50 minutes 21 seconds N. and long.

80 degrees 30 minutes 11 seconds W.

A—0 to 4 inches; dark yellowish brown (10YR 3/4) silt loam; moderate fine and

medium granular structure; friable; many very fine, fine, and medium roots;

slightly acid; clear wavy boundary.

BA—4 to 8 inches; brown (7.5YR 4/4) silt loam; weak medium subangular blocky

structure parting to moderate fine and medium granular; friable; few fine and

medium and common very fine roots; slightly acid; clear wavy boundary.

Bt1—8 to 23 inches; strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) silty clay loam; moderate medium and

coarse subangular blocky structure; friable; few very fine and fine roots; common

faint clay films in pores and few distinct clay films on faces of peds; common fine

manganese nodules; common fine and medium tubular krotovinas; slightly acid;

clear wavy boundary.
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

290

Bt2—23 to 29 inches; yellowish red (5YR 5/6) silty clay loam; moderate medium

subangular blocky structure; friable; few very fine roots; many distinct clay films

on faces of peds and in pores; common fine manganese nodules; common fine

and medium tubular krotovinas; neutral; clear wavy boundary.

Bt3—29 to 44 inches; yellowish red (5YR 4/6) channery clay; strong medium and

coarse subangular blocky structure; firm; few very fine, fine, and medium roots;

many prominent clay films on faces of peds and in pores; few fine manganese

nodules; few medium tubular krotovinas; 15 percent limestone fragments; neutral;

gradual wavy boundary.

Bt4—44 to 57 inches; red (2.5YR 4/6) channery clay; strong medium and coarse

subangular blocky structure; firm; common prominent light olive brown (2.5Y 5/4)

coatings on faces of peds and in pores; many prominent clay films on faces of

peds and in pores; common fine manganese coatings; 15 percent limestone

fragments; neutral; gradual wavy boundary.

Bt5—57 to 63 inches; red (2.5YR 4/6) channery clay; moderate medium subangular

blocky structure; firm; many prominent light olive brown (2.5Y 5/4) coatings

on faces of peds and in pores; many prominent clay films on faces of peds and

in pores; many fine manganese coatings; 15 percent limestone fragments

and 10 percent highly weathered siltstone fragments; neutral; gradual wavy

boundary.

C—63 to 80 inches; mixed red (2.5YR 4/6) and light olive brown (2.5Y 5/4) channery

silty clay; massive; firm; many prominent clay films on faces of peds and in pores;

many fine manganese coatings; 15 percent limestone fragments; neutral.

Range in Characteristics

Thickness of the solum: More than 60 inches

Depth to bedrock: More than 72 inches

Reaction: Strongly acid to slightly acid in the upper part of the profile and strongly

acid to neutral in the lower part

Content of rock fragments: 0 to 60 percent, by volume, in the upper part of the profile

and as much as 35 percent, by volume, in the lower part

A horizon:

Hue—10YR

Value—3 or 4

Chroma—2 to 4

Texture—silt loam

BA horizon:

Hue—7.5YR

Value—4 or 5

Chroma—4 to 6

Texture—silt loam or silty clay loam

Bt horizon:

Hue—2.5YR, 5YR, or 7.5YR

Value—4 or 5

Chroma—4 to 8

Texture—silty clay loam, silty clay, or clay

C horizon:

Hue—2.5YR, 5YR, 7.5YR, 10YR, or 2.5Y

Value—4 to 6

Chroma—4 to 8

Texture—silty clay or clay
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

291

Gauley Series

Depth class: Moderately deep (fig. 26)

Drainage class: Well drained

Permeability: Moderately rapid

Landscape position: Broad ridgetops and upper side slopes

Parent material: Acid sandstone; west of the Greenbrier River, at elevations above

4,000 feet; in areas of the Kanawha and New River geologic deposits

Slope range: 3 to 35 percent but dominantly 3 to 15 percent

Classification: Loamy-skeletal, siliceous, superactive, frigid Typic Haplorthods

Figure 26.—Representative profile of a Gauley soil. Organic matter and

iron and aluminum compounds have been leached from the light

colored layer that is at a depth of about 6 inches and have been

deposited in the upper part of the subsoil. Depth is marked in feet.
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

292

Representative Pedon

Gauley channery sandy loam, in a young stand of red spruce; in Pocahontas County;

about 1.25 miles north and 28 degrees east of the Bald Knob fire tower on Back

Allegheny Mountain; USGS Cass topographic quadrangle; lat. 38 degrees 27 minutes

50 seconds N. and long. 79 degrees 55 minutes 15 seconds W.

Oi—0 to 3 inches; slightly decomposed forest litter.

Oa—3 to 6 inches; black (5YR 2.5/1), highly decomposed forest litter.

A—6 to 8 inches; black (N 2.5/) channery sandy loam; weak fine and medium

granular structure; friable; many fine, medium, and coarse roots; 30 percent rock

fragments; very strongly acid; abrupt wavy boundary.

E—8 to 12 inches; brown (7.5YR 5/2) very channery sandy loam; weak fine and

medium granular structure; firm; few fine, medium, and coarse roots; 40 percent

rock fragments; very strongly acid; clear wavy boundary.

Bhs—12 to 15 inches; dark reddish brown (5YR 3/2) very channery sandy loam;

weak medium subangular blocky structure; firm; moderately smeary; few fine,

medium, and coarse roots; 40 percent rock fragments; very strongly acid; clear

wavy boundary.

Bs—15 to 26 inches; strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) very channery loam; weak fine and

medium subangular blocky structure; friable; weakly smeary; 40 percent rock

fragments; very strongly acid; gradual wavy boundary.

C—26 to 38 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) extremely channery loam; massive;

friable; 70 percent rock fragments; very strongly acid; abrupt wavy boundary.

R—38 inches; olive gray (5Y 4/2) sandstone bedrock.

Range in Characteristics

Thickness of the solum: 20 to 40 inches

Depth to bedrock: 20 to 40 inches

Reaction: Extremely acid to strongly acid

Content of rock fragments: 5 to 90 percent, by volume, in the individual horizons;

averages from 35 to 60 percent, by volume, in the particle-size control

section

A horizon:

Hue—10YR or is neutral

Value—2.5 or 2

Chroma—0 or 1

Texture—sandy loam

E horizon:

Hue—5YR, 7.5YR, or 10YR

Value—4 to 6

Chroma—1 or 2

Texture—loam, sandy loam, or loamy sand

Bhs horizon:

Hue—5YR, 7.5YR, or 10YR

Value—2 to 4

Chroma—1 to 4

Texture—loam or sandy loam

Bs horizon:

Hue—7.5YR or 10YR

Value—4 to 6

Chroma—4 to 8

Texture—loam or sandy loam
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

293

C horizon:

Hue—7.5YR or 10YR

Value—4 to 6

Chroma—4 to 6

Texture—loam, sandy loam, or loamy sand

Gilpin Series

Depth class: Moderately deep

Drainage class: Well drained

Permeability: Moderate or moderately rapid

Landscape position: Ridgetops, benches, and side slopes, mainly west of the

Greenbrier River valley

Parent material: Siltstone, shale, and fine grained sandstone; in areas of the

Princeton, Bluestone, Pocahontas, Kanawha, and New River geologic deposits

Slope range: 3 to 55 percent

Classification: Fine-loamy, mixed, semiactive, mesic Typic Hapludults

Representative Pedon

Gilpin channery loam, in a wooded area of Macove-Gilpin complex, 35 to 55 percent

slopes, very stony, on a southeast-facing slope; about 0.4 mile northwest of Crichton

School; USGS Quinwood topographic quadrangle; lat. 38 degrees 03 minutes

30 seconds N. and long. 80 degrees 42 minutes 55 seconds W.

Oi—0 to 1 inch; slightly decomposed hardwood leaf litter.

Oe—1 to 2 inches; moderately decomposed forest litter.

A—2 to 3 inches; very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) channery loam; strong fine and

medium granular structure; very friable; many very fine, fine, medium, and coarse

roots; 15 percent rock fragments; very strongly acid; abrupt wavy boundary.

E—3 to 5 inches; brown (10YR 4/3) channery loam; strong fine and medium

subangular blocky structure parting to strong fine and medium granular; friable;

many very fine, fine, medium, and coarse roots; 15 percent rock fragments;

strongly acid; abrupt wavy boundary.

Bt1—5 to 15 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) channery loam; moderate medium

subangular blocky structure; friable; common very fine, fine, medium, and coarse

roots; few faint clay films in pores; 30 percent rock fragments; strongly acid; clear

wavy boundary.

Bt2—15 to 24 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) channery loam; moderate medium

subangular blocky structure; friable; common very fine, fine, medium, and coarse

roots; few faint clay films in pores and on rock fragments; 30 percent rock

fragments; strongly acid; clear wavy boundary.

BC—24 to 27 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) very channery loam; moderate

medium subangular blocky structure; friable; common very fine, fine, medium,

and coarse roots; 40 percent rock fragments; strongly acid; clear wavy

boundary.

C—27 to 36 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) extremely channery loam; massive;

firm; common very fine, fine, medium, and coarse roots; 65 percent rock

fragments; strongly acid; clear wavy boundary.

Cr—36 inches; grayish brown (2.5Y 5/2) siltstone and fine grained sandstone.

Range in Characteristics

Thickness of the solum: 20 to 36 inches

Depth to bedrock: 20 to 40 inches

Reaction: In unlimed areas, extremely acid to strongly acid throughout
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

294

Content of rock fragments: 5 to 40 percent, by volume, in the A horizon; 10 to

15 percent, by volume, in the E horizon; 5 to 40 percent, by volume, in the

Bt horizon; and 30 to 90 percent, by volume, in the C horizon

A horizon:

Hue—10YR

Value—3 or 4

Chroma—1 to 4

Texture—silt loam

E horizon:

Hue—7.5YR or 10YR

Value—4 or 5

Chroma—3 to 8

Texture—silt loam, loam, silty clay loam, or clay loam

Bt horizon:

Hue—7.5YR or 10YR

Value—4 or 5

Chroma—4 to 8

Texture—silt loam, loam, silty clay loam, or clay loam

C horizon:

Hue—10YR

Value—4 or 5

Chroma—2 to 6

Texture—silt loam, loam, or silty clay loam

Hazleton Series

Depth class: Deep

Drainage class: Well drained

Permeability: Moderately rapid or rapid

Landscape position: Uplands

Parent material: Acid material derived from sandstone; in areas of the Oriskany

geologic deposit

Slope range: 3 to 55 percent

Classification: Loamy-skeletal, siliceous, active, mesic Typic Dystrudepts

Representative Pedon

Hazleton channery loam, in a wooded area; in Pocahontas County; about 1 mile north

and 85 degrees east of the intersection of County Route 21 and Violet Road, south of

Huntersville; USGS Marlinton topographic quadrangle; lat. 38 degrees 08 minutes

42 seconds N. and long. 80 degrees 02 minutes 39 seconds W.

Oi—0 to 1 inch; slightly decomposed forest litter.

Oe—1 to 2 inches; moderately decomposed forest litter.

A—2 to 3 inches; black (10YR 2/1) channery loam; weak fine granular structure; very

friable; many very fine, fine, medium, and coarse roots; 20 percent rock

fragments; extremely acid; abrupt wavy boundary.

E—3 to 4 inches; brown (10YR 4/3) channery loam; weak fine granular structure; very

friable; many very fine, fine, medium, and coarse roots; 20 percent rock

fragments; extremely acid; abrupt wavy boundary.

BE—4 to 7 inches; dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) channery loam; weak fine

subangular blocky structure; friable; many very fine, fine, medium, and coarse

roots; 25 percent rock fragments; extremely acid; abrupt wavy boundary.
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

295

Bw1—7 to 13 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) channery fine sandy loam; weak fine

subangular blocky structure; friable; common very fine, fine, medium, and coarse

roots; 25 percent rock fragments; very strongly acid; clear wavy boundary.

Bw2—13 to 20 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) very channery sandy loam; weak

fine and medium subangular blocky structure; friable; common very fine, fine,

medium, and coarse roots; 40 percent rock fragments; strongly acid; clear wavy

boundary.

Bw3—20 to 32 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/8) very channery sandy loam; weak

fine and medium subangular blocky structure; friable; few fine and medium roots;

55 percent rock fragments; strongly acid; clear wavy boundary.

C—32 to 52 inches; strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) extremely channery sandy loam;

massive; friable; few fine and medium roots; 75 percent rock fragments; strongly

acid; clear wavy boundary.

R—52 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/6), massive sandstone.

Range in Characteristics

Thickness of the solum: 25 to 50 inches

Depth to bedrock: 40 to 60 inches

Reaction: Extremely acid to strongly acid

Content of rock fragments: 5 to 70 percent, by volume, in the solum; 35 to 80 percent,

by volume, in the substratum; averages more than 35 percent, by volume, in the

particle-size control section

A horizon:

Hue—10YR

Value—2 or 3

Chroma—1 or 2

Texture—loam

E horizon:

Hue—10YR

Value—4 or 5

Chroma—2 or 3

Texture—loam or sandy loam

B horizon:

Hue—7.5YR or 10YR

Value—4 to 6

Chroma—4 to 8

Texture—loam, fine sandy loam, or sandy loam

C horizon:

Hue—7.5YR or 10YR

Value—4 to 6

Chroma—4 to 8

Texture—sandy loam or loamy sand

Holly Series

Depth class: Very deep

Drainage class: Poorly drained

Permeability: Moderately slow or moderate

Landscape position: Flood plains

Parent material: Alluvium

Slope range: 0 to 3 percent

Classification: Fine-loamy, mixed, active, nonacid, mesic Fluvaquentic Endoaquepts
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

296

Representative Pedon

Holly silt loam, in a pasture; in Pocahontas County; about 1.25 miles south and

68 degrees east of the intersection of U.S. Route 219 and the Airport Road, north of

Marlinton; USGS Marlinton topographic quadrangle; lat. 38 degrees 13 minutes

48 seconds N. and long. 80 degrees 04 minutes 03 seconds W.

A—0 to 4 inches; very dark gray (10YR 3/1) silt loam, grayish brown (10YR 5/2) dry;

moderate fine granular structure; friable; many very fine and fine roots; many fine

distinct dark brown (7.5YR 3/4) redoximorphic concentrations; 2 percent rock

fragments; moderately acid; abrupt smooth boundary.

Bg1—4 to 9 inches; dark gray (10YR 4/1) silt loam; moderate fine subangular blocky

structure; friable; common very fine and fine roots; common fine distinct dark

yellowish brown (10YR 3/4) and common fine prominent dark brown (7.5YR 3/4)

redoximorphic concentrations; 2 percent rock fragments; moderately acid; abrupt

wavy boundary.

Bg2—9 to 11 inches; dark gray (10YR 4/1) sandy loam; weak medium subangular

blocky structure; friable; common very fine and fine roots; few fine prominent dark

brown (7.5YR 3/4) redoximorphic concentrations; 2 percent rock fragments;

moderately acid; abrupt wavy boundary.

Bg3—11 to 15 inches; dark gray (10YR 4/1) silt loam; moderate fine and medium

subangular blocky structure; friable; common very fine and fine roots; common

fine prominent dark brown (7.5YR 3/4) redoximorphic concentrations; 2 percent

rock fragments; strongly acid; abrupt wavy boundary.

Bg4—15 to 21 inches; grayish brown (2.5Y 5/2) silt loam; moderate medium and

coarse subangular blocky structure; friable; few very fine roots; many fine

prominent dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/6) and yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) and

common fine prominent brown (7.5YR 4/4) redoximorphic concentrations;

2 percent rock fragments; moderately acid; abrupt wavy boundary.

Bg5—21 to 42 inches; light brownish gray (2.5Y 6/2) silt loam; moderate medium and

coarse prismatic structure parting to moderate medium and coarse subangular

blocky; friable; few very fine roots; many medium prominent dark yellowish brown

(10YR 4/6) and common medium prominent brown (7.5YR 4/4) redoximorphic

concentrations; 2 percent rock fragments; moderately acid; abrupt smooth

boundary.

Cg1—42 to 44 inches; grayish brown (2.5Y 5/2) sandy loam; massive; friable;

common fine and medium distinct brown (10YR 5/3) redoximorphic

concentrations; 2 percent rock fragments; moderately acid; abrupt smooth

boundary.

Cg2—44 to 52 inches; gray (10YR 5/1) silt loam; massive; friable; many medium

prominent dark brown (7.5YR 3/4) and brown (7.5YR 4/4) redoximorphic

concentrations; 2 percent rock fragments; moderately acid; abrupt smooth

boundary.

Cg3—52 to 54 inches; grayish brown (10YR 5/2) sandy loam; massive; friable; many

fine and medium faint brown (10YR 5/3), many fine and medium distinct yellowish

brown (10YR 5/6), and few fine and medium prominent dark brown (7.5YR 3/4)

redoximorphic concentrations; 2 percent rock fragments; moderately acid; abrupt

smooth boundary.

Cg4—54 to 65 inches; gray (5Y 5/1) silt loam; massive; friable; few medium prominent

yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) redoximorphic concentrations; 2 percent rock

fragments; moderately acid.

Range in Characteristics

Thickness of the solum: 20 to 44 inches

Depth to bedrock: More than 60 inches
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

297

Reaction: Moderately acid or slightly acid in the A horizon, strongly acid to slightly acid

in the upper part of the B horizon, and moderately acid or slightly acid in the lower

part of the B horizon and in the C horizon

Content of rock fragments: 0 to 10 percent, by volume, in the A horizon; 0 to

15 percent, by volume, in the B horizon; and 0 to 25 percent, by volume, in

the C horizon

A horizon:

Hue—10YR

Value—2 to 6

Chroma—1 or 2

Texture—silt loam

B horizon:

Hue—10YR or 2.5Y or is neutral

Value—4 to 6

Chroma—0 to 2

Texture—silt loam, loam, sandy loam, or silty clay loam

C horizon:

Hue—10YR, 2.5Y, or 5Y or is neutral

Value—4 to 6

Chroma—0 to 2

Texture—silt loam, loam, sandy loam, or silty clay loam

Kaymine Series

Depth class: Very deep

Drainage class: Well drained

Permeability: Moderate or moderately rapid

Landscape position: Uplands

Parent material: Partly weathered shale, siltstone, sandstone, and some coal from the

surface mining of coal seams; in areas of the Pocahontas and New River geologic

deposits

Slope range: 0 to 80 percent

Classification: Loamy-skeletal, mixed, active, nonacid, mesic Typic Udorthents

Representative Pedon

Kaymine extremely channery loam, in an area of Kaymine-Rock outcrop complex,

very steep, on an outslope revegetated with crownvetch and orchardgrass; about

2.6 miles north and 10 degrees west of Charmco; USGS Corliss topographic

quadrangle; lat. 38 degrees 02 minutes 25 seconds N. and long. 80 degrees

45 minutes 07 seconds W.

A—0 to 5 inches; very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) extremely channery loam; weak

very fine granular structure; very friable; many very fine, fine, medium, and coarse

roots; 80 percent rock fragments; slightly acid; clear broken boundary.

AC—5 to 13 inches; dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) extremely channery loam;

common fine and medium faint dark gray (10YR 4/1) and common fine and

medium distinct yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) lithochromic mottles; weak fine

subangular blocky structure; friable; many very fine, fine, medium, and coarse

roots; 70 percent rock fragments; neutral; clear broken boundary.

C1—13 to 36 inches; dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) very channery loam; common

fine and medium faint dark gray (10YR 4/1) and common fine and medium

distinct yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) lithochromic mottles; massive; friable;
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

298

common very fine, fine, medium, and coarse roots; 60 percent rock fragments;

neutral; clear wavy boundary.

C2—36 to 65 inches; dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) extremely channery loam;

common fine and medium faint dark gray (10YR 4/1) lithochromic mottles;

massive; friable; few fine, medium, and coarse roots; 80 percent rock fragments;

neutral.

Range in Characteristics

Depth to bedrock: More than 60 inches

Reaction: Moderately acid to slightly alkaline

Content of rock fragments: 15 to 80 percent, by volume, throughout the profile;

averages 35 percent or more, by volume, in the particle-size control section; each

type of fragment less than 65 percent, by volume, of the total rock fragments in

the control section

Type of rock fragments: Siltstone, shale, sandstone, and coal; dominantly channers

but includes stones and a few boulders

A horizon:

Hue—7.5YR or 10YR or is neutral

Value—3 to 5

Chroma—0 to 4

Texture—loam

C horizon:

Hue—7.5YR or 10YR

Value—2 to 6

Chroma—1 to 8

Texture—loam or silt loam

Leatherbark Series

Depth class: Moderately deep (fig. 27)

Drainage class: Somewhat poorly drained

Permeability: Moderately slow or slow

Landscape position: Broad ridgetops and upland depressions

Parent material: Interbedded sandstone, siltstone, and shale; west of the Greenbrier

River, at elevations above 3,500 feet; in areas of the Kanawha and New River

geologic deposits

Slope range: 0 to 15 percent

Classification: Fine-loamy, mixed, subactive, frigid Aquic Dystrudepts

Representative Pedon

Leatherbark silt loam, in a wooded area; in Pocahontas County; about 4,000 feet

north and 38 degrees west of Bald Knob and 1.1 miles north and 66 degrees west of

the Cass Scenic Railroad observation platform; USGS Cass topographic quadrangle;

lat. 38 degrees 27 minutes 25 seconds N. and long. 79 degrees 56 minutes

25 seconds W.

Oi—0 to 1 inch; slightly decomposed forest litter.

Oe—1 to 2 inches; moderately decomposed forest litter.

A—2 to 4 inches; very dark brown (10YR 2/2) silt loam; weak fine granular structure;

friable; many very fine, fine, medium, and coarse roots; 5 percent rock fragments;

extremely acid; abrupt smooth boundary.
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

299

Figure 27.—Representative profile of a Leatherbark soil. Redoximorphic

depletions are at a depth of about 8 inches. Black, gray, and reddish

brown siltstone and shale are at a depth of about 38 inches. Depth is

marked in feet.
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

300

E—4 to 7 inches; grayish brown (10YR 5/2) silt loam; weak fine subangular blocky

structure parting to weak fine granular; friable; many very fine, fine, medium, and

coarse roots; 5 percent rock fragments; extremely acid; clear smooth boundary.

Bw1—7 to 11 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) silty clay loam; moderate coarse

prismatic structure; friable; few fine roots; continuous prominent brown (10YR 5/3)

coatings on faces of peds and few distinct coatings in pores; common coarse

prominent gray (10YR 6/1) redoximorphic depletions and few fine faint yellowish

brown (10YR 5/8) iron concentrations; 5 percent rock fragments; extremely acid;

clear wavy boundary.

Bw2—11 to 20 inches; brownish yellow (10YR 6/6) silty clay loam; moderate coarse

prismatic structure; friable; few fine roots; few distinct coatings in pores; common

medium faint brownish yellow (10YR 6/8) iron concentrations and common

medium distinct light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) redoximorphic depletions;

5 percent rock fragments; very strongly acid; gradual irregular boundary.

Bw3—20 to 37 inches; light olive brown (2.5Y 5/4) channery silt loam; moderate

coarse prismatic structure; firm; few distinct coatings on rock fragments and in

pores; many coarse distinct grayish brown (2.5Y 5/2) redoximorphic depletions

and many coarse prominent dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/6) and yellowish

brown (10YR 5/8) iron concentrations; 20 percent rock fragments; very strongly

acid; clear wavy boundary.

C—37 to 40 inches; brown (10YR 4/3) very channery silt loam; massive; friable; many

medium distinct gray (10YR 5/1) redoximorphic depletions and common medium

prominent yellowish brown (10YR 5/8) iron concentrations; 35 percent rock

fragments; very strongly acid; clear wavy boundary.

Cr—40 inches; black (10YR 2/1), gray (10YR 5/1), and reddish brown (2.5YR 4/4),

fractured siltstone and shale.

Range in Characteristics

Thickness of the solum: 20 to 40 inches

Depth to bedrock: 20 to 40 inches

Reaction: Extremely acid to strongly acid

Content of rock fragments: 5 to 20 percent, by volume, in the A and E horizons; 5 to

35 percent, by volume, in the Bw horizon; and 20 to 55 percent, by volume, in the

C horizon

A horizon:

Hue—10YR

Value—2 or 3

Chroma—1 or 2

Texture—silt loam

E horizon:

Hue—7.5YR or 10YR

Value—4 to 6

Chroma—2 or 3

Texture—silt loam or loam

Bw horizon:

Hue—7.5YR, 10YR, or 2.5Y

Value—4 to 8

Chroma—1 to 8

Texture—silty clay loam, clay loam, silt loam, or loam

C horizon:

Hue—7.5YR, 10YR, or 2.5Y

Value—4 to 8
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

301

Chroma—1 to 8

Texture—silty clay loam, silt loam, or loam

Lily Series

Depth class: Moderately deep

Drainage class: Well drained

Permeability: Moderately rapid

Landscape position: Upland flats, ridgetops, and side slopes

Parent material: Acid sandstone; in areas of the Pocono and Bluefield geologic

deposits

Slope range: 3 to 35 percent

Classification: Fine-loamy, siliceous, semiactive, mesic Typic Hapludults

Representative Pedon

Lily sandy loam, 3 to 8 percent slopes, in a wooded area on Miller Ridge; about

2.0 miles north-northeast of the intersection of U.S. Route 60 and West Virginia

Route 60/15 (or 3.2 miles on West Virginia Route 60/15 and about 200 feet south of

the road); USGS Williamsburg topographic quadrangle; lat. 37 degrees 53 minutes

47 seconds N. and long. 80 degrees 29 minutes 31 seconds W.

Oi—0 to 1 inch; slightly decomposed forest litter.

A—1 to 3 inches; dark brown (7.5YR 3/2) sandy loam; weak fine granular structure;

very friable; common very fine and fine roots; very strongly acid; clear smooth

boundary.

E—3 to 8 inches; dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) fine sandy loam; weak medium

and coarse granular structure; very friable; common fine and medium and few

coarse roots; very strongly acid; clear smooth boundary.

BE—8 to 11 inches; dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) fine sandy loam; weak medium

subangular blocky structure; very friable; common fine and medium roots; very

strongly acid; clear wavy boundary.

Bt1—11 to 19 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/8) loam; weak medium subangular

blocky structure; friable; common fine and few medium and coarse roots; few faint

clay films in pores; very strongly acid; gradual wavy boundary.

Bt2—19 to 25 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/8) loam; weak coarse subangular

blocky structure; friable; few fine and medium roots; few faint clay films in pores;

very strongly acid; clear smooth boundary.

C—25 to 33 inches; strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) loamy sand; massive; friable; few fine

roots; 5 percent rock fragments; very strongly acid; abrupt smooth boundary.

R—33 inches; variegated very pale brown (10YR 8/4), strong brown (7.5YR 5/6), and

yellow (10YR 7/8), fine grained, hard sandstone.

Range in Characteristics

Thickness of the solum: 20 to 40 inches

Depth to bedrock: 20 to 40 inches

Reaction: Extremely acid to strongly acid

Content of rock fragments: 0 to 10 percent, by volume, in the A and E horizons; 0 to

25 percent, by volume, in the B horizon; and 5 to 35 percent, by volume, in the

C horizon

A horizon:

Hue—7.5YR or 10YR

Value—3 to 5

Chroma—2 to 4

Texture—sandy loam
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

302

E horizon:

Hue—7.5YR or 10YR

Value—4 or 5

Chroma—2 to 4

Texture—fine sandy loam, sandy loam, or loam

BE horizon:

Hue—7.5YR or 10YR

Value—4 to 6

Chroma—1 to 8

Texture—fine sandy loam, sandy loam, or loam

Bt horizon:

Hue—5YR, 7.5YR, or 10YR

Value—4 or 5

Chroma—4 to 8

Texture—loam, sandy clay loam, or clay loam

C horizon:

Hue—5YR, 7.5YR, or 10YR

Value—4 to 6

Chroma—4 to 8

Texture—loamy sand, sandy loam, fine sandy loam, or loam

Lindside Series

Depth class: Very deep

Drainage class: Moderately well drained

Permeability: Moderately slow or moderate

Landscape position: Flood plains

Parent material: Alluvium derived from soils underlain by siltstone, shale, limestone,

and sandstone

Slope range: 0 to 3 percent

Classification: Fine-silty, mixed, active, mesic Fluvaquentic Eutrudepts

Representative Pedon

Lindside silt loam, in a pastured area of Melvin-Lindside complex; about 2,700 feet

south of Shawvers Crossing, east of Rupert; USGS Rupert topographic quadrangle;

lat. 37 degrees 56 minutes 44 seconds N. and long. 80 degrees 39 minutes

26 seconds W.

Ap—0 to 9 inches; dark brown (10YR 3/3) silt loam, pale brown (10YR 6/3) dry; weak

fine and medium granular structure; very friable; many very fine and fine roots;

slightly acid; clear smooth boundary.

BA—9 to 13 inches; brown (10YR 4/3) silt loam; moderate fine and medium

subangular blocky structure parting to moderate very fine granular; very friable;

many very fine and fine roots; slightly acid; clear wavy boundary.

Bw1—13 to 20 inches; brown (7.5YR 4/4) silt loam; moderate fine and medium

subangular blocky structure; friable; common very fine roots; moderately acid;

diffuse wavy boundary.

Bw2—20 to 36 inches; brown (7.5YR 5/3) silt loam; moderate fine and medium

subangular blocky structure; friable; common very fine roots; many fine distinct

strong brown (7.5YR 5/8) iron concentrations and few very fine distinct grayish
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

303

brown (10YR 5/2) redoximorphic depletions; moderately acid; gradual wavy

boundary.

Bw3—36 to 43 inches; dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) silt loam; weak fine and

medium subangular blocky structure; friable; few very fine roots; few fine

prominent strong brown (7.5YR 5/8) iron concentrations and many coarse distinct

grayish brown (10YR 5/2) redoximorphic depletions; common fine manganese

coatings; moderately acid; diffuse wavy boundary.

BC—43 to 60 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) silt loam; moderate very coarse

prismatic structure; firm; few very fine roots; many coarse prominent reddish

brown (7.5YR 6/8) iron concentrations and many coarse distinct gray

(10YR 6/1) redoximorphic depletions; moderately acid; diffuse wavy boundary.

C—60 to 65 inches; brown (7.5YR 4/3) very fine sandy loam; massive; firm; common

fine distinct reddish yellow (7.5YR 6/8) iron concentrations and few fine prominent

gray (10YR 6/1) redoximorphic depletions; many fine manganese coatings;

moderately acid.

Range in Characteristics

Thickness of the solum: 25 to 60 inches

Depth to bedrock: More than 60 inches

Reaction: Strongly acid to slightly alkaline in the upper part of the profile and

moderately acid to slightly alkaline in the lower part

Content of rock fragments: 0 to 5 percent, by volume, within a depth of 40 inches and

0 to 30 percent, by volume, below a depth of 40 inches

A horizon:

Hue—7.5YR or 10YR

Value—3 to 5

Chroma—2 or 3

Texture—silt loam

B horizon:

Hue—7.5YR, 10YR, or 2.5Y

Value—4 or 5

Chroma—3 to 6 within 20 inches of the surface and 1 to 4 below a depth of

20 inches

Texture—silt loam, loam, silty clay loam, or fine sandy loam

C horizon:

Hue—7.5YR, 10YR, or 2.5Y

Value—4 to 6

Chroma—1 to 4

Texture—silt loam, silty clay loam, loam, or very fine sandy loam

Lobdell Series

Depth class: Very deep

Drainage class: Moderately well drained

Permeability: Moderate

Landscape position: Flood plains

Parent material: Alluvium derived from soils underlain by sandstone, siltstone, shale,

limestone, and chert

Slope range: 0 to 3 percent

Classification: Fine-loamy, mixed, active, mesic Fluvaquentic Eutrudepts
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

304

Representative Pedon

Lobdell silt loam, in a pasture; in Pocahontas County; about 1 mile north and

52 degrees east of the intersection of West Virginia Routes 92 and 39, north of

Minnehaha Springs; USGS Minnehaha Springs topographic quadrangle;

lat. 38 degrees 10 minutes 24 seconds N. and long. 79 degrees 58 minutes

10 seconds W.

Ap—0 to 10 inches; brown (10YR 4/3) silt loam, pale brown (10YR 6/3) dry; moderate

fine and medium subangular blocky structure parting to moderate fine granular;

friable; many very fine and fine roots; 2 percent rock fragments; strongly acid;

clear wavy boundary.

Bw1—10 to 19 inches; dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) loam; weak medium

subangular blocky structure; friable; common very fine and fine roots; common

dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) krotovinas; 2 percent rock fragments; strongly

acid; clear wavy boundary.

Bw2—19 to 28 inches; dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) loam; weak medium

subangular blocky structure; friable; few very fine and fine roots; common medium

distinct grayish brown (10YR 5/2) redoximorphic depletions and yellowish brown

(10YR 5/6) iron concentrations; 2 percent rock fragments; moderately acid;

gradual wavy boundary.

C1—28 to 47 inches; light olive brown (2.5Y 5/3) sandy loam; massive; friable; few

very fine and fine roots; common medium faint grayish brown (2.5Y 5/2)

redoximorphic depletions and common medium prominent strong brown

(7.5YR 5/6) iron concentrations; 5 percent rock fragments; neutral; clear wavy

boundary.

C2—47 to 65 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) very gravelly silt loam; massive;

friable; few medium prominent grayish brown (2.5Y 5/2) and olive brown (2.5Y

4/3) redoximorphic depletions and common medium distinct yellowish brown

(10YR 5/8) iron concentrations; 50 percent rock fragments; neutral.

Range in Characteristics

Thickness of the solum: 24 to 40 inches

Depth to bedrock: More than 60 inches

Reaction: Strongly acid to neutral in the A and Bw horizons and moderately acid to

neutral in the C horizon

Content of rock fragments: 0 to 5 percent, by volume, in the A horizon and 0 to

15 percent, by volume, in the Bw and C horizons with a greater content of rock

fragments below a depth of 40 inches

A horizon:

Hue—10YR

Value—2 to 4

Chroma—1 to 3

Texture—silt loam

B horizon:

Hue—7.5YR, 10YR, or 2.5Y

Value—4 or 5

Chroma—3 or 4

Texture—silt loam, loam, or fine sandy loam

C horizon:

Hue—10YR or 2.5Y

Value—4 to 6

Chroma—1 to 8

Texture—silt loam, loam, or sandy loam
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

305

Macove Series

Depth class: Very deep

Drainage class: Well drained

Permeability: Moderately rapid

Landscape position: Footslopes and benches

Parent material: Colluvium derived from acid shale, siltstone, and sandstone; on the

Pocano, Chemung, and Brallier geologic deposits

Slope range: 3 to 55 percent

Classification: Loamy-skeletal, mixed, active, mesic Typic Hapludults

Representative Pedon

Macove channery silt loam, in a wooded area; in Pocahontas County; about 1.2 miles

west of the intersection of West Virginia Route 28 and Thorny Creek Road; USGS

Clover Lick topographic quadrangle; lat. 38 degrees 16 minutes 02 seconds N. and

long. 79 degrees 59 minutes 25 seconds W.

Oi—0 to 1 inch; slightly decomposed forest litter.

A—1 to 2 inches; dark brown (10YR 3/3) channery silt loam; weak fine granular

structure; very friable; many very fine, fine, medium, and coarse roots; 20 percent

rock fragments; very strongly acid; abrupt wavy boundary.

E—2 to 5 inches; brown (10YR 5/3) channery loam; weak fine subangular blocky

structure parting to weak fine granular; friable; many very fine, fine, medium,

and coarse roots; 30 percent rock fragments; very strongly acid; clear wavy

boundary.

BE—5 to 8 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) channery silt loam; weak fine and

medium subangular blocky structure; friable; many very fine, fine, medium, and

coarse roots; 30 percent rock fragments; very strongly acid; clear wavy boundary.

Bt1—8 to 15 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/8) very channery silt loam; weak

medium subangular blocky structure; friable; common fine, medium, and coarse

roots; few distinct clay films in pores; 35 percent rock fragments; very strongly

acid; clear wavy boundary.

Bt2—15 to 24 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/8) very channery silty clay loam;

moderate fine and medium subangular blocky structure; friable; common fine,

medium, and coarse roots; common distinct clay films on faces of peds and rock

fragments and in pores and root channels; 45 percent rock fragments; very

strongly acid; clear wavy boundary.

Bt3—24 to 38 inches; strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) very channery silty clay loam; weak

fine and medium subangular blocky structure; friable; few fine and medium roots;

common distinct clay films on faces of peds and rock fragments and in pores and

root channels; 50 percent rock fragments; very strongly acid; gradual wavy

boundary.

Bt4—38 to 65 inches; brown (7.5YR 5/4) extremely channery silty clay loam; weak

medium and coarse subangular blocky structure; friable; few fine and medium

roots; common distinct clay films on faces of peds and rock fragments and in

pores and root channels; common medium black concretions; 65 percent rock

fragments; very strongly acid.

Range in Characteristics

Thickness of the solum: 30 to more than 60 inches

Depth to bedrock: More than 60 inches

Reaction: Very strongly acid or strongly acid

Content of rock fragments: 15 to 35 percent, by volume, in the A and E horizons;

15 to 70 percent, by volume, in the BE and Bt horizons; averages more than

35 percent, by volume, in the particle-size control section
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

306

A horizon:

Hue—10YR

Value—2 to 4

Chroma—2 or 3

Texture—silt loam

E horizon:

Hue—10YR

Value—4 or 5

Chroma—3 or 4

Texture—loam or silt loam

BE horizon:

Hue—10YR

Value—4 to 6

Chroma—4 to 6

Texture—loam or silt loam

Bt horizon:

Hue—7.5YR or 10YR

Value—4 to 6

Chroma—4 to 8

Texture—silty clay loam, silt loam, or loam

Note—redoximorphic depletions and concentrations in some pedons

Mandy Series

Depth class: Moderately deep (fig. 28)

Drainage class: Well drained

Permeability: Moderate

Landscape position: Uplands

Parent material: Interbedded siltstone, shale, and fine grained sandstone; generally at

elevations above 3,000 feet; on the Kanawha, New River, Bluestone, and

Princeton geologic deposits

Slope range: 3 to 80 percent but dominantly 35 to 55 percent

Classification: Loamy-skeletal, mixed, active, frigid Typic Dystrudepts

Representative Pedon

Mandy channery silt loam, in a wooded area; in Pocahontas County; about 1.1 miles

south and 60 degrees east of the confluence of Abes Run and the East Fork of the

Greenbrier River; USGS Thornwood topographic quadrangle; lat. 38 degrees

36 minutes 33 seconds N. and long. 79 degrees 39 minutes 35 seconds W.

Oi—0 to 1 inch; slightly decomposed forest litter.

A—1 to 4 inches; very dark brown (10YR 2/2) channery silt loam; moderate

fine granular structure; very friable; many very fine, fine, medium, and

coarse roots; 15 percent rock fragments; extremely acid; abrupt wavy

boundary.

E—4 to 6 inches; dark brown (7.5YR 3/4) channery silt loam; moderate fine and

medium granular structure; very friable; many very fine, fine, medium, and

coarse roots; 15 percent rock fragments; very strongly acid; abrupt wavy

boundary.

BE—6 to 10 inches; dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/6) channery silt loam; weak

fine subangular blocky structure; very friable; many very fine, fine, medium,

and coarse roots; 25 percent rock fragments; very strongly acid; clear wavy

boundary.
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

307

Bw1—10 to 17 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) very channery silt loam;

weak fine subangular blocky structure; friable; common very fine, fine, and

medium roots; 35 percent rock fragments; very strongly acid; clear wavy

boundary.

Bw2—17 to 29 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) very channery silt loam; weak

Figure 28.—Representative profile of a Mandy soil. Olive brown, platy, fine

grained sandstone bedrock is at a depth of about 26 inches. Depth is

marked in feet.
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

308

fine and medium subangular blocky structure; friable; few very fine, fine, and

medium roots; 45 percent rock fragments; very strongly acid; clear wavy boundary.

C—29 to 37 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) extremely channery silt loam; massive;

friable; few fine roots; 65 percent rock fragments; very strongly acid; clear wavy

boundary.

Cr—37 inches; dark grayish brown (2.5Y 4/2), highly weathered siltstone.

Range in Characteristics

Thickness of the solum: 20 to 33 inches

Depth to bedrock: 20 to 40 inches

Reaction: Extremely acid to strongly acid

Content of rock fragments: 10 to 20 percent, by volume, in the A and E horizons;

25 to 50 percent, by volume, in the B horizon; 60 to 90 percent, by volume, in the

C horizon; averages more than 35 percent, by volume, in the particle-size control

section

A horizon:

Hue—10YR

Value—2 to 4

Chroma—2 to 4

Texture—silt loam

E horizon:

Hue—7.5YR or 10YR

Value—2 to 4

Chroma—3 or 4

Texture—silt loam or loam

BE horizon:

Hue—7.5YR or 10YR

Value—3 to 5

Chroma—4 to 6

Texture—silt loam or loam

Bw horizon:

Hue—7.5YR or 10YR

Value—5 or 6

Chroma—4 to 6

Texture—silt loam or loam

C horizon:

Hue—10YR or 2.5Y

Value—5 or 6

Chroma—4 to 8

Texture—silt loam or loam

Melvin Series

Depth class: Very deep

Drainage class: Poorly drained

Permeability: Moderate

Landscape position: Flood plains

Parent material: Alluvium derived from soils underlain by siltstone, shale, limestone,

and sandstone

Slope range: 0 to 3 percent

Classification: Fine-silty, mixed, active, nonacid, mesic Fluvaquentic Endoaquepts
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

309

Representative Pedon

Melvin silt loam, in a pastured area of Melvin-Lindside complex; about 2,800 feet south

of Shawvers Crossing, east of Rupert; USGS Rupert topographic quadrangle; lat. 37

degrees 56 minutes 43 seconds N. and long. 80 degrees 39 minutes

25 seconds W.

Ap—0 to 10 inches; dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) silt loam, light gray (10YR 7/2)

dry; many very fine and fine distinct strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) and many very fine

and fine prominent red (2.5YR 4/6) redoximorphic concentrations; moderate fine

subangular blocky structure; friable; common very fine and fine roots; moderately

acid; diffuse wavy boundary.

Bg1—10 to 27 inches; dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) silt loam; many medium and

coarse distinct strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) and many very fine, fine, medium, and

coarse prominent red (2.5YR 4/6) redoximorphic concentrations; moderate

medium subangular blocky structure; friable; common very fine and fine roots;

moderately acid; diffuse wavy boundary.

Bg2—27 to 34 inches; dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) silt loam; many medium and

coarse distinct strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) and many very fine, fine, medium, and

coarse prominent red (2.5YR 4/6) redoximorphic concentrations and few fine and

medium faint grayish brown (10YR 5/2) redoximorphic depletions; moderate

medium subangular blocky structure; friable; few very fine and fine roots;

moderately acid; clear wavy boundary.

BCg—34 to 58 inches; dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) silt loam; many medium and

coarse distinct strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) and many very fine, fine, medium, and

coarse prominent red (2.5YR 4/6) redoximorphic concentrations and common

very fine prominent bluish gray (5PB 5/1) redoximorphic depletions; moderate

very coarse prismatic structure; friable; few very fine and fine roots; moderately

acid; clear wavy boundary.

Cg—58 to 65 inches; bluish gray (10B 5/1) sandy loam; common medium and coarse

prominent strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) and common very fine, fine, medium, and

coarse prominent red (2.5YR 4/6) redoximorphic concentrations; massive; friable;

few very fine and fine roots; slightly acid.

Range in Characteristics

Thickness of the solum: 20 to 60 inches

Depth to bedrock: More than 60 inches

Reaction: Moderately acid to slightly alkaline

Content of rock fragments: 0 to 5 percent, by volume, within 30 inches of the surface

and 0 to 20 percent, by volume, below a depth of 30 inches

A horizon:

Hue—10YR or 2.5Y

Value—4 to 6

Chroma—2 to 4

Texture—silt loam

B horizon:

Hue—10YR or 2.5Y or is neutral

Value—4 to 7

Chroma—0 to 2

Texture—silt loam or silty clay loam

C horizon:

Hue—10YR, 2.5Y, or 10B or is neutral

Value—4 to 7
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

310

Chroma—0 to 2

Texture—silt loam, loam, or silty clay loam; stratified layers of loams, clays, and

sands or of sand and gravel below a depth of 40 inches in some pedons

Mertz Series

Depth class: Very deep

Drainage class: Well drained

Permeability: Moderately slow

Landscape position: Footslopes and benches

Parent material: Cherty colluvium with various amounts of sandstone, siltstone, and

shale; on the Huntersville and Oriskany geologic deposits

Slope range: 8 to 35 percent

Classification: Loamy-skeletal, mixed, semiactive, mesic Typic Hapludults

Representative Pedon

Mertz channery silt loam, in a wooded area; in Pocahontas County; about 4,200 feet

north and 62 degrees east of the intersection of County Route 21 and the south

entrance to Watoga State Park, in Calvin Price State Forest; USGS Lake Sherwood

topographic quadrangle; lat. 38 degrees 05 minutes 31 seconds N. and long.

80 degrees 06 minutes 06 seconds W.

Oi—0 to 1 inch; slightly decomposed forest litter.

Oe—1 to 2 inches; moderately decomposed forest litter.

A—2 to 4 inches; very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) channery silt loam; weak

very fine and fine granular structure; very friable; many very fine, fine, medium,

and coarse roots; 30 percent rock fragments; strongly acid; abrupt wavy

boundary.

E—4 to 5 inches; dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) channery silt loam; weak fine

granular structure; very friable; many very fine, fine, medium, and coarse roots;

30 percent rock fragments; moderately acid; abrupt wavy boundary.

BE—5 to 10 inches; dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/6) channery silt loam; weak fine

subangular blocky structure; friable; many fine, medium, and coarse roots;

20 percent rock fragments; strongly acid; clear wavy boundary.

Bt1—10 to 23 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) channery silty clay loam; moderate

fine and medium subangular blocky structure; friable; common fine, medium, and

coarse roots; few faint clay films on faces of peds and rock fragments and in

pores; 30 percent rock fragments; strongly acid; clear wavy boundary.

Bt2—23 to 38 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) very channery clay loam; weak fine

subangular blocky structure; friable; common medium and coarse roots; common

distinct clay films on rock fragments and in pores; 50 percent rock fragments;

strongly acid; clear wavy boundary.

Bt3—38 to 56 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/8) extremely channery silty clay loam;

weak medium subangular blocky structure; firm; few fine roots; few faint clay films

on rock fragments and in pores; 65 percent rock fragments; strongly acid; clear

wavy boundary.

C—56 to 65 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/8) extremely channery silty clay loam;

massive; firm; few fine roots; 75 percent rock fragments; very strongly acid.

Range in Characteristics

Thickness of the solum: 40 to 60 inches

Depth to bedrock: More than 60 inches

Reaction: Strongly acid or moderately acid within a depth of 40 inches and very

strongly acid or strongly acid below a depth of 40 inches
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

311

Content of rock fragments: 15 to 45 percent, by volume, in the A and E horizons;

15 to 50 percent, by volume, in the upper part of the B horizon; 15 to 75 percent,

by volume, in the lower part of the B horizon and in the C horizon; averages more

than 35 percent, by volume, in the particle-size control section

A horizon:

Hue—10YR

Value—2 to 5

Chroma—2 or 3

Texture—silt loam

E horizon:

Hue—10YR

Value—3 to 5

Chroma—2 or 3

Texture—silt loam

B horizon:

Hue—5YR, 7.5YR, or 10YR

Value—4 to 6

Chroma—4 to 8

Texture—loam, silt loam, clay loam, or silty clay loam

C horizon:

Hue—10YR

Value—5 or 6

Chroma—4 to 8

Texture—loam, silt loam, clay loam, or silty clay loam

Nolin Series

Depth class: Very deep

Drainage class: Well drained

Permeability: Moderate

Landscape position: Flood plains, along Muddy Creek and its tributaries

Parent material: Alluvium derived mainly from soils underlain by limestone and

siltstone

Slope range: 0 to 3 percent

Classification: Fine-silty, mixed, active, mesic Dystric Fluventic Eutrudepts

Representative Pedon

Nolin silt loam, in a hayfield, along Kitchen Creek, near Blue Sulphur Springs; about

3.4 miles west of West Virginia Routes 12 and 31; USGS Asbury topographic

quadrangle; lat. 37 degrees 49 minutes 18 seconds N. and long. 80 degrees

36 minutes 56 seconds W.

Ap—0 to 5 inches; dark brown (7.5YR 3/4) silt loam; weak fine and medium granular

structure; very friable; common very fine and fine roots; slightly acid; clear smooth

boundary.

BA—5 to 10 inches; dark brown (7.5YR 3/4) silt loam; moderate fine and medium

subangular blocky structure; friable; common very fine and few fine roots;

common very fine tubular pores; less than 5 percent dark yellowish brown (10YR

4/4), highly weathered siltstone fragments; slightly acid; clear wavy boundary.

Bw1—10 to 16 inches; dark brown (7.5YR 3/3) silt loam; weak medium subangular

blocky structure; friable; few very fine and fine roots; common very fine tubular

pores; few distinct silt coatings on faces of peds and in pores; common fine
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

312

krotovinas; less than 5 percent dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4), highly weathered

siltstone fragments; slightly acid; clear wavy boundary.

Bw2—16 to 37 inches; dark brown (7.5YR 3/3) silt loam; moderate medium and

coarse subangular blocky structure; friable; few very fine roots; common very fine

tubular pores; many prominent dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) silt coatings on

faces of peds; few fine krotovinas; few pockets of black charcoal fragments; less

than 5 percent dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) and red (2.5YR 4/6), highly

weathered siltstone fragments; slightly acid; abrupt wavy boundary.

Bw3—37 to 65 inches; dark brown (7.5YR 3/3) silt loam; weak coarse subangular

blocky structure; friable; few very fine roots; few coarse irregularly shaped

macropores; common very fine tubular pores; few prominent dark yellowish brown

(10YR 4/4) silt coatings in macropores and in root channels; few pockets of black

charcoal fragments; less than 5 percent dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) and red

(2.5YR 4/6), highly weathered siltstone fragments; neutral.

Range in Characteristics

Thickness of the solum: 40 inches or more

Depth to bedrock: More than 60 inches

Reaction: Slightly acid or neutral

Content of rock fragments: 0 to 5 percent, by volume, in the A and B horizons

A horizon:

Hue—7.5YR

Value—3 or 4

Chroma—3 or 4

Texture—silt loam

BA horizon:

Hue—7.5YR

Value—3 or 4

Chroma—3 or 4

Texture—silt loam

Bw horizon:

Hue—7.5YR

Value—3 or 4

Chroma—3 or 4

Texture—silt loam or silty clay loam

Philo Series

Depth class: Very deep

Drainage class: Moderately well drained

Permeability: Moderate

Landscape position: Flood plains

Parent material: Recent alluvium

Slope range: 0 to 3 percent

Classification: Coarse-loamy, mixed, active, mesic Fluvaquentic Dystrudepts

Representative Pedon

Philo silt loam, in a meadow, near Neola.

Ap—0 to 8 inches; dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) silt loam; weak medium granular

structure; very friable; many fine roots; less than 5 percent pebbles; moderately

acid; abrupt smooth boundary.
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

313

Bw1—8 to 19 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) silt loam; very weak medium

subangular blocky structure; friable; strongly acid; gradual wavy boundary.

Bw2—19 to 38 inches; dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) silt loam; weak medium

subangular blocky structure; friable and firm; common medium distinct light

brownish gray (10YR 6/2) redoximorphic depletions and strong brown (7.5YR 5/8)

iron concentrations; less than 5 percent pebbles; very strongly acid; clear wavy

boundary.

2C—38 to 65 inches; dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) to dark grayish brown (10YR

4/2) stratified sandy loam, fine sand, and silt loam; less than 5 percent pebbles

and shale fragments; common medium and coarse distinct light brownish gray

(10YR 6/2) redoximorphic depletions; very strongly acid.

Range in Characteristics

Thickness of the solum: 20 to 48 inches

Depth to bedrock: More than 60 inches

Reaction: Moderately acid to very strongly acid

Content of rock fragments: 0 to 20 percent, by volume, in the A and Bw horizons;

0 to 40 percent, by volume, in the 2C horizon; averages less than 20 percent, by

volume, in the particle-size control section

A horizon:

Hue—7.5YR or 10YR

Value—3 or 4

Chroma—2 or 3

Texture—silt loam

Bw horizon:

Hue—7.5YR, 10YR, or 2.5Y

Value—3 to 6

Chroma—3 to 6

Redoximorphic features—10YR 4/2 to 10YR 6/1 and 7.5YR 4/4 to 7.5YR 5/8

Texture—silt loam, loam, or fine sandy loam

2C horizon:

Hue—7.5YR, 10YR, 2.5Y, or 5Y or is neutral

Value—4 to 6

Chroma—0 to 4

Redoximorphic features—7.5YR 5/6, 7.5YR 5/8, 5YR 4/6, or redder

Texture—sand to silt loam

Pope Series

Depth class: Very deep

Drainage class: Well drained

Permeability: Moderate or moderately rapid

Landscape position: Flood plains

Parent material: Recent alluvium

Slope range: 0 to 3 percent

Classification: Coarse-loamy, mixed, active, mesic Fluventic Dystrudepts

Representative Pedon

Pope fine sandy loam, in a meadow, near Neola.

A—0 to 10 inches; brown (10YR 4/3) fine sandy loam; very weak medium granular

structure; very friable; many fine roots; moderately acid; clear wavy boundary.
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

314

Bw1—10 to 25 inches; dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) fine sandy loam; weak medium

granular and weak fine subangular blocky structure; friable; common

fine roots; strongly acid; gradual smooth boundary.

Bw2—25 to 40 inches; dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) sandy loam; very weak fine

subangular blocky structure; very friable; less than 5 percent pebbles; strongly

acid; gradual wavy boundary.

2C—40 to 65 inches; stratified silt, sand, gravel, and some channery material; few

large rounded stones; loose; strongly acid.

Range in Characteristics

Thickness of the solum: 30 to 60 inches

Depth to bedrock: More than 60 inches

Reaction: Strongly acid or very strongly acid

Content of rock fragments: 0 to 30 percent, by volume, within 40 inches of the

surface and 0 to 70 percent, by volume, below a depth of 40 inches

A horizon:

Hue—10YR

Value—3 to 6

Chroma—3 to 6

Texture—fine sandy loam

B horizon:

Hue—7.5YR or 10YR

Value—4 to 6

Chroma—3 to 6

Texture—sandy loam, fine sandy loam, or loam

C horizon:

Hue—7.5YR or 10YR

Value—4 to 6

Chroma—3 to 6

Texture—sand to sandy clay loam

Potomac Series

Depth class: Very deep (fig. 29)

Drainage class: Somewhat excessively drained

Permeability: Rapid or very rapid

Landscape position: Flood plain

Parent material: Coarse textured alluvium

Slope range: 0 to 3 percent

Classification: Sandy-skeletal, mixed, mesic Typic Udifluvents

Representative Pedon

Potomac fine sandy loam, in an area of Tioga-Potomac complex, on an island; about

0.1 mile south of the West Virginia Route 21/2 bridge at Anthony; USGS Anthony

topographic quadrangle; lat. 37 degrees 53 minutes 44 seconds N. and long.

80 degrees 19 minutes 33 seconds W.

A—0 to 6 inches; dark brown (10YR 3/3) fine sandy loam; weak fine granular

structure; very friable; common very fine, fine, and medium roots; neutral; abrupt

wavy boundary.

2C1—6 to 23 inches; brown (10YR 4/3) extremely gravelly loamy sand with pockets of

sandy loam; massive; very friable; common very fine, fine, medium, and coarse

roots; 75 percent pebbles and cobbles; neutral; clear wavy boundary.
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

315

2C2—23 to 31 inches; dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) very gravelly loamy sand with

pockets of sand; massive; very friable; common very fine, fine, and medium roots;

45 percent pebbles and cobbles; neutral; clear wavy boundary.

2C3—31 to 65 inches; brown (10YR 4/3) extremely gravelly loamy sand with pockets

of sandy loam; massive; very friable; few very fine, fine, and medium roots;

70 percent pebbles and cobbles; neutral.

Range in Characteristics

Depth to bedrock: More than 60 inches

Figure 29.—Representative profile of a Potomac soil. The surface layer is

about 10 inches thick. It is underlain by a sandy-skeletal substratum.

Depth is marked in feet.
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

316

Reaction: Very strongly acid to slightly alkaline

Content of rock fragments: 0 to 50 percent, by volume, in the A horizon; dominantly

more than 50 percent, by volume, in the C horizon but ranges from 35 to

70 percent; the C horizon has subhorizons that are nearly free of rock fragments

in some pedons and as much as 80 percent, by volume, in others

A horizon:

Hue—7.5YR or 10YR

Value—2 to 4

Chroma—2 to 4

Texture—fine sandy loam

C horizon:

Hue—7.5YR or 10YR

Value—3 to 5

Chroma—3 or 4

Texture—loamy sand or sand with subhorizons of sandy loam in some pedons

Purdy Series

Depth class: Very deep

Drainage class: Poorly drained

Permeability: Slow

Landscape position: Terraces

Parent material: Alluvium deposited by slack water

Slope range: 0 to 3 percent

Classification: Fine, mixed, active, mesic Typic Endoaquults

Representative Pedon

Purdy silt loam, 0 to 3 percent slopes, in a meadow, near Hughart.

Ap—0 to 8 inches; dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) silt loam; weak fine granular and

weak fine subangular blocky structure; friable and firm; fine distinct yellowish

brown (10YR 5/8) iron concentrations; moderately acid; abrupt wavy boundary.

Btg1—8 to 20 inches; light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) silty clay loam; moderate fine

and medium subangular blocky structure; firm; few medium distinct yellowish

brown (10YR 5/6 and 5/8) iron concentrations; common faint clay films on faces

of peds and in pores; very strongly acid; clear wavy boundary.

Btg2—20 to 30 inches; gray (10YR 5/1) silty clay; moderate medium and coarse

subangular blocky structure; many medium distinct yellowish brown (10YR 5/6)

iron concentrations; firm, slightly sticky; few faint clay films on faces of peds and

in pores; very strongly acid; gradual wavy boundary.

Cg—30 to 65 inches; gray (10YR 5/1) stratified silty clay, silty clay loam, and clay;

massive; firm, slightly sticky; very strongly acid.

Range in Characteristics

Thickness of the solum: 28 to 50 inches

Depth to bedrock: More than 60 inches

Reaction: In unlimed areas, strongly acid to extremely acid

Content of rock fragments: None

A horizon:

Hue—10YR or 2.5Y or is neutral

Value—4 or 5

Chroma—0 to 2

Texture—silt loam
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

317

Btg horizon:

Hue—10YR, 2.5Y, or 5Y or is neutral

Value—4 to 6

Chroma—0 to 2

Texture—silty clay, silty clay loam, or clay

Cg horizon:

Hue—10YR, 2.5Y, or 5Y or is neutral

Value—4 to 6

Chroma—0 to 3

Texture—silty clay, silty clay loam, or clay

Rough Series

Depth class: Very shallow

Drainage class: Somewhat excessively drained

Permeability: Moderately rapid

Landscape position: Mountains and foothills

Parent material: Shale and fine grained sandstone; in areas of the Brallier and

Millboro geologic deposits

Slope range: 55 to 80 percent

Classification: Loamy-skeletal, mixed, active, acid, mesic Lithic Udorthents

Representative Pedon

Rough very channery silt loam, in an area of woodland; in Alleghany County, Virginia;

about 1,650 feet south and 41 degrees east of the intersection of Virginia Routes 18

and 613, near the confluence of Potts Creek and Bens Run; USGS Jordan Mines

topographic quadrangle; lat. 37 degrees 41 minutes 19 seconds N. and long.

80 degrees 05 minutes 18 seconds W.

A—0 to 2 inches; very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) very channery silt loam; weak

fine granular structure; very friable; many very fine and fine and common medium

roots; 36 percent rock fragments; strongly acid; abrupt smooth boundary.

Bw—2 to 4 inches; dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) very channery silt loam; weak

fine granular structure; very friable; common very fine, fine, and medium roots;

40 percent rock fragments; strongly acid; abrupt smooth boundary.

C—4 to 7 inches; dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) extremely channery silt loam;

massive; very friable; few very fine and fine roots; 60 percent rock fragments;

strongly acid; clear smooth boundary.

R—7 inches; fissile shale.

Range in Characteristics

Thickness of the solum: 0 to 8 inches

Depth to bedrock: 4 to 9 inches

Reaction: Extremely acid to strongly acid

Content of rock fragments: 15 to 60 percent, by volume, in the A horizon; 35 to

75 percent, by volume, in the B horizon; and 60 to 90 percent, by volume, in

the C horizon

A horizon:

Hue—10YR

Value—2 to 4

Chroma—1 to 4

Texture—silt loam
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

318

B horizon:

Hue—7.5YR, 10YR, or 2.5Y

Value—4 to 6

Chroma—4 to 6

Texture—silt loam or loam

C horizon:

Hue—10YR or 2.5Y

Value—4 to 6

Chroma—4 to 8

Texture—silt loam or loam

Sensabaugh Series

Depth class: Very deep

Drainage class: Well drained

Permeability: Moderate or moderately rapid

Landscape position: Flood plains and alluvial fans

Parent material: Alluvium derived mainly from soils underlain by limestone,

sandstone, and siltstone

Slope range: 0 to 3 percent

Classification: Fine-loamy, mixed, semiactive, mesic Dystric Fluventic Eutrudepts

Representative Pedon

Sensabaugh loam, in a hayfield, along Kitchen Creek; about 850 feet southeast of

the intersection of West Virginia Routes 25 and 25/3; USGS Dawson topographic

quadrangle; lat. 37 degrees 49 minutes 53 seconds N. and long. 80 degrees

38 minutes 33 seconds W.

Ap—0 to 6 inches; dark reddish brown (5YR 3/3) loam; moderate fine subangular

blocky structure parting to moderate medium granular; friable; many very

fine and fine roots; 10 percent rock fragments; neutral; clear smooth

boundary.

Bw1—6 to 13 inches; dark reddish brown (5YR 3/4) gravelly loam; moderate fine and

medium subangular blocky structure; friable; common very fine and fine roots;

many medium krotovinas; 15 percent rock fragments; slightly acid; clear wavy

boundary.

Bw2—13 to 25 inches; dark reddish brown (5YR 3/4) gravelly loam; moderate

medium and coarse subangular blocky structure; friable; few very fine and fine

roots; many medium krotovinas; 20 percent rock fragments; neutral; clear wavy

boundary.

BC—25 to 34 inches; dark reddish brown (5YR 3/3) extremely gravelly loam; weak

coarse subangular blocky structure; friable; few very fine roots; 50 percent rock

fragments; slightly acid; clear wavy boundary.

C1—34 to 52 inches; dark reddish brown (5YR 3/3) gravelly clay loam; common

medium distinct strong brown (7.5YR 4/6) redoximorphic concentrations;

massive; friable; 30 percent rock fragments; neutral; clear wavy boundary.

C2—52 to 65 inches; dark reddish brown (5YR 3/3) extremely gravelly loam; massive;

friable; 65 percent rock fragments; neutral.

Range in Characteristics

Thickness of the solum: 24 to 42 inches

Depth to bedrock: More than 60 inches

Reaction: Moderately acid to neutral
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

319

Content of rock fragments: 0 to 10 percent, by volume, in the A horizon; 15 to

40 percent, by volume, in the B horizon; 15 to 50 percent, by volume, in the

BC horizon; and 30 to 70 percent, by volume, in the C horizon

A horizon:

Hue—5YR

Value—3 or 4

Chroma—3 or 4

Texture—loam

B horizon:

Hue—5YR

Value—3 or 4

Chroma—3 or 4

Texture—silt loam or loam

BC horizon:

Hue—5YR

Value—3 or 4

Chroma—3 or 4

Texture—silt loam or clay loam

C horizon:

Hue—5YR

Value—3 or 4

Chroma—3 or 4

Texture—silt loam, loam, or clay loam

Shouns Series

Depth class: Very deep (fig. 30)

Drainage class: Well drained

Permeability: Moderate

Landscape position: Footslopes and benches

Parent material: Colluvium derived from shale, siltstone, and sandstone; mainly on

the Hampshire, Maccrady, Greenbrier, Bluefield, and Hinton geologic deposits

Slope range: 3 to 55 percent

Classification: Fine-loamy, mixed, semiactive, mesic Typic Hapludults

Representative Pedon

Shouns channery silt loam, 15 to 35 percent slopes, extremely stony, in a

wooded area, west of Cordova; USGS Trout topographic quadrangle; lat. 38 degrees

04 minutes 05 seconds N. and long. 80 degrees 22 minutes 30 seconds W.

Oi—0 to 1 inch; slightly decomposed forest litter.

Oe—1 to 2 inches; moderately decomposed forest litter.

A—2 to 4 inches; dark brown (7.5YR 3/3) channery silt loam; moderate very fine and

fine granular structure; friable; many very fine, fine, and medium roots; 25 percent

rock fragments; strongly acid; abrupt wavy boundary.

BA—4 to 8 inches; dark reddish brown (5YR 3/4) channery silt loam; moderate fine

subangular blocky structure; friable; many very fine, fine, and medium roots;

20 percent rock fragments; strongly acid; clear wavy boundary.

Bt1—8 to 28 inches; reddish brown (5YR 4/4) channery silty clay loam; moderate

fine and medium subangular blocky structure; friable; common very fine, fine,

and medium roots; few distinct clay films on faces of peds and rock fragments
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

320

and in pores; 30 percent rock fragments; very strongly acid; clear wavy

boundary.

Bt2—28 to 38 inches; reddish brown (5YR 4/4) very channery silty clay loam;

moderate medium subangular blocky structure; friable; few very fine and fine

roots; common prominent clay films on faces of peds and rock fragments and in

Figure 30.—Representative profile of a Shouns soil. Clay has

accumulated in layers in the subsoil. These layers begin at a depth

of about 12 inches and extend to a depth of about 54 inches. The

rock fragments are siltstone and sandstone. Depth is marked in

feet.
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

321

pores and root channels; 40 percent rock fragments; very strongly acid; clear wavy

boundary.

Bt3—38 to 54 inches; yellowish red (5YR 4/6) very channery silty clay loam;

moderate medium subangular blocky structure; firm; few very fine roots; common

prominent clay films on faces of peds and rock fragments and in pores and root

channels; 45 percent rock fragments; strongly acid; clear wavy boundary.

C—54 to 65 inches; dark reddish brown (2.5YR 3/4) channery silty clay loam;

massive; firm; few very fine roots; 25 percent rock fragments; moderately acid.

Range in Characteristics

Thickness of the solum: 45 to 60 inches

Depth to bedrock: More than 60 inches

Reaction: Very strongly acid to moderately acid

Content of rock fragments: 0 to 35 percent, by volume, in the A and BA horizons and

in the upper 20 inches of the Bt horizon and as much as 45 percent, by volume,

below that depth

A horizon:

Hue—7.5YR or 10YR

Value—3 to 5

Chroma—2 to 4

Texture—silt loam

BA horizon:

Hue—5YR or 7.5YR

Value—3 to 5

Chroma—4

Texture—loam or silt loam

Bt horizon:

Hue—2.5YR or 5YR

Value—4 or 5

Chroma—4 to 8

Texture—silty clay loam, silt loam, or loam

C horizon:

Hue—2.5YR or 5YR

Value—3 or 4

Chroma—4 to 8

Texture—silty clay loam, silt loam, and loam

Simoda Series

Depth class: Deep or very deep

Drainage class: Moderately well drained

Permeability: Slow

Landscape position: Broad ridgetops and upland depressions

Parent material: Acid material derived from interbedded sandstone, siltstone, and

shale; mainly from soils in areas of the Kanawha and New River geologic

deposits

Slope range: 3 to 15 percent

Classification: Fine-loamy, mixed, semiactive, frigid Typic Fragiudepts

Representative Pedon

Simoda silt loam, 3 to 15 percent slopes, very stony, in a wooded area, at a

campground at Summit Lake; USGS Fork Mountain topographic quadrangle;
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

322

lat. 38 degrees 14 minutes 58 seconds N. and long. 80 degrees 26 minutes

39 seconds W.

Oi—0 to 1 inch; slightly decomposed leaf litter.

Oe—1 to 2 inches; moderately decomposed leaf litter.

A—2 to 4 inches; very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) silt loam; moderate fine

granular structure; very friable; many very fine, fine, medium, and coarse roots;

10 percent rock fragments; extremely acid; abrupt wavy boundary.

BA—4 to 9 inches; brown (10YR 4/3) silt loam; moderate fine granular and weak

medium subangular blocky structure; friable; many very fine, fine, medium, and

coarse roots; 10 percent rock fragments; extremely acid; clear wavy boundary.

Bw1—9 to 12 inches; dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/6) silt loam; moderate fine and

medium subangular blocky structure; friable; common very fine, fine, medium,

and coarse roots; 10 percent rock fragments; extremely acid; clear wavy

boundary.

Bw2—12 to 21 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) channery silty clay loam;

moderate fine and medium subangular blocky structure; friable; common fine,

medium, and coarse roots; 15 percent rock fragments; extremely acid; gradual

wavy boundary.

Bw3—21 to 29 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) channery silty clay loam; common

fine light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) redoximorphic depletions and common fine

and medium strong brown (7.5YR 5/8) redoximorphic concentrations; moderate

medium and coarse subangular blocky structure; friable; few fine, medium, and

coarse roots; 35 percent rock fragments; very strongly acid; clear wavy boundary.

Bx—29 to 40 inches; dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) extremely channery silt loam;

common light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) redoximorphic depletions and strong

brown (7.5YR 5/8) redoximorphic concentrations; weak very coarse prismatic

structure parting to weak coarse platy; very firm and brittle; 35 percent rock

fragments; very strongly acid; gradual wavy boundary.

C—40 to 48 inches; dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) channery silt loam; many

medium light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) redoximorphic depletions and strong

brown (7.5YR 5/8) redoximorphic concentrations; massive; firm; 45 percent rock

fragments; very strongly acid; abrupt wavy boundary.

R—48 inches; hard sandstone bedrock.

Range in Characteristics

Thickness of the solum: 20 to 50 inches

Depth to bedrock: 45 to 60 inches

Reaction: Extremely acid or very strongly acid

Content of rock fragments: 5 to 35 percent, by volume, in the solum and 5 to

50 percent, by volume, in the substratum

A horizon:

Hue—10YR

Value—2 or 3

Chroma—2 or 3

Texture—silt loam

BA horizon:

Hue—10YR

Value—4 or 5

Chroma—3 or 4

Texture—silt loam

Bw horizon:

Hue—7.5YR or 10YR
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

323

Value—4 or 5

Chroma—4 to 6

Texture—loam, silt loam, or silty clay loam

Bx horizon:

Hue—7.5YR or 10YR

Value—4 or 5

Chroma—4 to 6

Texture—loam, silt loam, or silty clay loam

C horizon

Hue—7.5YR or 10YR

Value—4 or 5

Chroma—4 to 6

Texture—loam, silt loam, or silty clay loam

Snowdog Series

Depth class: Very deep

Drainage class: Moderately well drained

Permeability: Slow to moderately rapid

Landscape position: Footslopes and benches

Parent material: Colluvium derived from acid shale, siltstone, and sandstone; at

elevations generally above 3,000 feet; on the Kanawha, New River, Bluestone,

and Princeton geologic deposits

Slope range: 3 to 55 percent

Classification: Fine-loamy, siliceous, active, frigid Typic Fragiudepts

Representative Pedon

Snowdog silt loam, in a wooded area; in Pocahontas County; about 1 mile north and

68 degrees east of the confluence of the Cherry River and Left Branch, near the Falls

of Hills Creek Scenic Area; USGS Lobelia topographic quadrangle; lat. 38 degrees

12 minutes 16 seconds N. and long. 80 degrees 20 minutes 40 seconds W.

Oi—0 to 1 inch; slightly decomposed forest litter.

Oe—1 to 2 inches; moderately decomposed forest litter.

A—2 to 4 inches; very dark brown (10YR 2/2) silt loam; weak fine and medium

granular structure; friable; many very fine, fine, medium, and coarse roots;

5 percent rock fragments; extremely acid; abrupt smooth boundary.

BA—4 to 6 inches; brown (10YR 4/3) silt loam; moderate fine and medium

subangular blocky structure; friable; many very fine, fine, medium, and coarse

roots; 10 percent rock fragments; very strongly acid; clear wavy boundary.

Bw—6 to 18 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) channery silt loam; moderate fine

and medium subangular blocky structure; friable; many very fine, fine, medium,

and coarse roots; few distinct coatings on rock fragments and in root channels;

15 percent rock fragments; very strongly acid; abrupt smooth boundary.

Bx—18 to 42 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) very channery loam; weak very

coarse prismatic structure parting to weak medium platy; very firm, brittle;

common distinct coatings on rock fragments and in pores; few fine distinct grayish

brown (10YR 5/2) redoximorphic depletions and prominent yellowish brown

(10YR 5/8) iron concentrations; 45 percent rock fragments; very strongly acid;

clear smooth boundary.

BC—42 to 57 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) very channery sandy loam; weak

very coarse prismatic structure parting to weak coarse subangular blocky; friable;

common distinct coatings on rock fragments and in pores; few medium prominent
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

324

grayish brown (2.5Y 5/2) redoximorphic depletions and few fine distinct yellowish

brown (10YR 5/8) iron concentrations; 45 percent rock fragments; very strongly

acid; gradual wavy boundary.

C—57 to 67 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) channery silt loam; massive; friable;

common distinct coatings on rock fragments and in pores; few fine prominent

grayish brown (2.5Y 5/2) redoximorphic depletions and few fine distinct yellowish

brown (10YR 5/8) iron concentrations; 25 percent rock fragments; very strongly

acid.

Range in Characteristics

Thickness of the solum: 50 to 65 inches

Depth to bedrock: More than 60 inches

Reaction: Extremely acid to strongly acid

Content of rock fragments: 5 to 45 percent, by volume, in the A, BA, Bw, and

BC horizons and 20 to 70 percent, by volume, in the Bx and C horizons

A horizon:

Hue—7.5YR or 10YR

Value—2 or 3

Chroma—1 to 4

Texture—silt loam

BA horizon:

Hue—7.5YR or 10YR

Value—3 or 4

Chroma—3 or 4

Texture—silt loam or loam

Bw horizon:

Hue—10YR

Value—4 or 5

Chroma—4 to 8

Texture—silt loam or loam

Bx horizon:

Hue—10YR

Value—3 to 6

Chroma—2 to 8

Texture—loam or sandy loam

BC and C horizons:

Hue—10YR

Value—4 to 6

Chroma—4 to 8

Texture—sandy loam, loam, silt loam, or silty clay loam

Summers Series

Depth class: Moderately deep

Drainage class: Well drained

Permeability: Moderately rapid

Landscape position: Upland ridgetops

Parent material: Acid material derived from sandstone; in areas of the Kanawha and

New River geologic deposits

Slope range: 0 to 15 percent

Classification: Loamy-skeletal, siliceous, active, frigid Humic Dystrudepts
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

325

Representative Pedon

Summers very channery sandy loam, 0 to 15 percent slopes, very stony, in a

wooded area on Clear Creek Mountain; about 3.75 miles southeast of Duo;

USGS Duo topographic quadrangle; lat. 38 degrees 02 minutes 05 seconds N. and

long. 80 degrees 32 minutes 40 seconds W.

L—0.25 inch to 0; hardwood leaf mat.

Oi—0 to 1 inch; slightly decomposed forest litter.

Oe—1 to 1.5 inches; moderately decomposed forest litter.

Oa—1.5 to 2 inches; highly decomposed forest litter.

A1—2 to 10 inches; very dark gray (10YR 3/1) very channery sandy loam;

moderate fine and medium granular structure; very friable; many very fine, fine,

and medium roots; 40 percent rock fragments; very strongly acid; clear wavy

boundary.

A2—10 to 13 inches; dark brown (7.5YR 3/2) very channery sandy loam;

moderate fine and medium granular structure; very friable; many very fine, fine,

and medium roots; 40 percent rock fragments; very strongly acid; abrupt wavy

boundary.

BA—13 to 20 inches; dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/6) very channery sandy loam;

weak medium subangular blocky structure; friable; common very fine, fine, and

medium roots; 40 percent rock fragments; very strongly acid; clear wavy

boundary.

Bw—20 to 28 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) very channery sandy loam;

moderate medium subangular blocky structure; friable; few very fine and fine

roots; 40 percent rock fragments; strongly acid; clear wavy boundary.

C—28 to 30 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) extremely channery sandy loam;

common fine prominent strong brown (7.5YR 5/8) mottles; massive; friable;

few very fine roots; 65 percent rock fragments; strongly acid; abrupt wavy

boundary.

R—30 inches; fractured, grayish brown (10YR 5/2), medium grained sandstone.

Range in Characteristics

Thickness of the solum: 20 to 40 inches

Depth to bedrock: 20 to 40 inches

Reaction: Very strongly acid or strongly acid

Content of rock fragments: 20 to 50 percent, by volume, in the A horizon; 20 to

40 percent, by volume, in the B horizon; and 50 to 70 percent, by volume, in

the C horizon

A horizon:

Hue—7.5YR or 10YR

Value—2 or 3

Chroma—1 to 3

Texture—sandy loam

B horizon:

Hue—7.5YR or 10YR

Value—4 or 5

Chroma—3 to 6

Texture—loam, fine sandy loam, or sandy loam

C horizon:

Hue—7.5YR or 10YR

Value—5 or 6

Chroma—4 to 6

Texture—loam, fine sandy loam, or sandy loam
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

326

Tioga Series

Depth class: Very deep

Drainage class: Well drained

Permeability: Moderate to rapid

Landscape position: Flood plains

Parent material: Recent alluvium

Slope range: 0 to 3 percent

Classification: Coarse-loamy, mixed, active, mesic Dystric Fluventic Eutrudepts

Representative Pedon

Tioga fine sandy loam, in an area of Tioga-Potomac complex, on an island; about

0.1 mile south of the West Virginia Route 21/2 bridge at Anthony; USGS Anthony

topographic quadrangle; lat. 37 degrees 53 minutes 41 seconds N. and long.

80 degrees 19 minutes 35 seconds W.

Oi—0 to 1 inch; slightly decomposed leaf litter.

A—1 to 8 inches; dark brown (10YR 3/3) fine sandy loam; weak medium and coarse

granular structure; very friable; few coarse and common very fine, fine, and

medium roots; moderately acid; clear wavy boundary.

Bw1—8 to 17 inches; dark yellowish brown (10YR 3/4) fine sandy loam; weak fine

and medium subangular blocky structure; very friable; few coarse and very

coarse and common fine and medium roots; slightly acid; clear wavy boundary.

Bw2—17 to 29 inches; dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) fine sandy loam with pockets

of loamy fine sand; weak medium subangular blocky structure; very friable; few

fine, medium, and very coarse roots; moderately acid; clear wavy boundary.

C1—29 to 47 inches; dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) loamy fine sand with thin

layers of brown (7.5YR 4/4) fine sandy loam; massive; very friable; few fine and

medium roots; moderately acid; clear wavy boundary.

C2—47 to 65 inches; brown (7.5YR 4/4) fine sandy loam with pockets of loamy fine

sand; massive; very friable; few fine and medium roots; moderately acid.

Range in Characteristics

Thickness of the solum: 18 to 44 inches

Depth to bedrock: More than 60 inches

Reaction: Strongly acid to neutral in the solum and moderately acid to slightly alkaline

in the substratum

Content of rock fragments: 0 to 35 percent, by volume, in individual layers of the

solum and 0 to 60 percent, by volume, in individual layers of the substratum

A horizon:

Hue—7.5YR, 10YR, or 2.5Y

Value—3 to 5

Chroma—2 to 4

Texture—fine sandy loam

Bw horizon:

Hue—7.5YR, 10YR, or 2.5Y

Value—3 to 5

Chroma—2 to 4

Texture—fine sandy loam to silt loam with horizons of sandy loam or loamy sand

C horizon:

Hue—7.5YR, 10YR, or 2.5Y

Value—4 or 5
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

327

Chroma—2 to 4

Texture—loamy sand to silt loam

Trussel Series

Depth class: Very deep

Drainage class: Poorly drained

Permeability: Slow to moderate

Landscape position: Footslopes and benches

Parent material: Colluvium derived from acid shale, siltstone, and sandstone; at

elevations generally above 3,000 feet; on the Kanawha, New River, Bluestone,

and Princeton geologic deposits

Slope range: 3 to 15 percent

Classification: Fine-loamy, mixed, semiactive, frigid Aeric Fragiaquepts

Representative Pedon

Trussel silt loam, in a wooded area; in Pocahontas County; about 1.5 miles south

and 47 degrees east of the confluence of Abes Run and the East Fork of the

Greenbrier River; USGS Thornwood topographic quadrangle; lat. 38 degrees

36 minutes 10 seconds N. and long. 79 degrees 39 minutes 25 seconds W.

Oe—0 to 2 inches; moderately decomposed forest litter.

A—2 to 4 inches; black (10YR 2/1) silt loam; weak fine and medium granular

structure; very friable; many very fine, fine, and medium roots; 5 percent rock

fragments; extremely acid; abrupt smooth boundary.

E—4 to 8 inches; light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) silt loam; moderate medium

subangular blocky structure; friable; common very fine, fine, and medium roots;

common medium prominent brownish yellow (10YR 6/8) iron concentrations;

many prominent very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) coatings on faces of peds;

5 percent rock fragments; extremely acid; clear wavy boundary.

Bw1—8 to 13 inches; gray (10YR 6/1) silt loam; moderate medium and coarse

prismatic structure; friable; few very fine, fine, and medium roots; many medium

prominent brownish yellow (10YR 6/8) and many fine prominent dark yellowish

brown (10YR 4/6) iron concentrations; 10 percent rock fragments; extremely acid;

clear wavy boundary.

Bw2—13 to 20 inches; gray (10YR 6/1) channery silt loam; moderate medium and

coarse prismatic structure; friable; few very fine and fine roots; many medium

prominent yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) and common medium distinct dark

yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) iron concentrations; 15 percent rock fragments; very

strongly acid; gradual wavy boundary.

Bx—20 to 37 inches; olive (5Y 5/3) channery loam; weak very coarse prismatic

structure parting to weak medium platy; firm, brittle; few very fine roots; common

medium prominent gray (10YR 6/1) redoximorphic depletions and many coarse

prominent strong brown (7.5YR 5/8) iron concentrations; 30 percent rock

fragments; very strongly acid; gradual wavy boundary.

BC—37 to 49 inches; light olive gray (5Y 6/2) very channery loam; weak medium and

coarse platy structure; firm; few very fine roots; common medium prominent

strong brown (7.5YR 5/8) iron concentrations; 45 percent rock fragments; very

strongly acid; gradual wavy boundary.

C—49 to 67 inches; light olive brown (2.5Y 5/3) very channery loam; massive; firm;

common fine prominent gray (10YR 6/1) redoximorphic depletions and common

medium prominent strong brown (7.5YR 5/8) iron concentrations; 50 percent rock

fragments; very strongly acid.
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

328

Range in Characteristics

Thickness of the solum: 40 to 60 inches

Depth to bedrock: More than 60 inches

Reaction: Extremely acid to strongly acid

Content of rock fragments: 0 to 30 percent, by volume, in the A, E, and Bw horizons

and 20 to 60 percent, by volume, in the Bx and C horizons

A horizon:

Hue—10YR or 2.5Y

Value—2 to 5

Chroma—1 to 4

Texture—silt loam

E horizon:

Hue—7.5YR, 10YR, or 2.5Y

Value—4 to 7

Chroma—1 or 2

Texture—silt loam or loam

Bw horizon:

Hue—7.5YR, 10YR, or 2.5Y

Value—4 to 6

Chroma—1 to 8

Texture—silt loam, loam, silty clay loam, or sandy clay loam

Bx horizon:

Hue—7.5YR, 10YR, 2.5Y, or 5Y

Value—3 to 6

Chroma—1 to 6

Texture—silt loam or loam

BC and C horizons:

Hue—7.5YR, 10YR, 2.5Y, or 5Y

Value—3 to 6

Chroma—1 to 6

Texture—silt loam or loam

Udifluvents

Depth class: Very deep

Drainage class: Well drained to poorly drained

Permeability: Varies

Landscape position: Flood plains, along minor drainageways, at elevations above

3,000 feet

Parent material: Alluvium derived from soils underlain by siltstone, sandstone, and

limestone

Slope range: 0 to 3 percent

Classification: Udifluvents

Representative Pedon

A typical pedon for Udifluvents is not given because the soils vary too much.

Range in Characteristics

Depth to bedrock: More than 60 inches

Reaction: Extremely acid to strongly acid
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

329

Content of rock fragments: 0 to 35 percent, by volume, in the A horizon and 0 to

70 percent, by volume, in the underlying horizons

A horizon:

Hue—10YR

Value—3 or 4

Chroma—2 or 3

Texture—loam or sandy loam

Underlying horizons:

Hue—7.5YR or 10YR

Value—4 to 6

Chroma—3 to 6

Texture—sandy loam or loamy sand

Udorthents

Depth class: Very deep

Drainage class: Somewhat excessively drained or well drained

Permeability: Varies

Location: Excavations, filled areas, or other disturbed areas used for highways or as

construction sites

Parent material: Mixture of soil materials and rock fragments derived from soils

underlain by siltstone, sandstone, and limestone

Slope range: 0 to 80 percent

Classification: Udorthents

Representative Pedon

A typical pedon for Udorthents is not given because the soils vary too much.

Range in Characteristics

Depth to bedrock: More than 60 inches

Reaction: Extremely acid to moderately alkaline

Content of rock fragments: 0 to 35 percent, by volume, in the A horizon and 0 to

70 percent, by volume, in the underlying horizons

A horizon:

Hue—2.5YR, 5YR, 7.5YR, 10YR, 2.5Y, or 5Y

Value—3 to 7

Chroma—1 to 8

Texture—loam, sandy loam, silt loam, clay loam, silty clay loam, or silty clay

Underlying horizons:

Hue—2.5YR, 5YR, 7.5YR, 10YR, 2.5Y, or 5Y

Value—3 to 7

Chroma—1 to 8

Texture—loam, sandy loam, silt loam, clay loam, silty clay loam, or silty clay

Weikert Series

Depth class: Shallow (fig. 31)

Drainage class: Well drained

Permeability: Moderately rapid

Landscape position: Uplands
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

330

Parent material: Acid material derived from siltstone, shale, and fine grained sandstone;

primarily on the Brallier and Millboro geologic deposits

Slope range: 8 to 80 percent

Classification: Loamy-skeletal, mixed, active, mesic Lithic Dystrudepts

Representative Pedon

Weikert channery silt loam, in a wooded area; in Pocahontas County; about 600 feet

north and 38 degrees west of the intersection of West Virginia Routes 39 and 92 at

Rimel; USGS Minnehaha Springs topographic quadrangle; lat. 38 degrees 07 minutes

32 seconds N. and long. 79 degrees 57 minutes 10 seconds W.

Oi—0 to 1 inch; slightly decomposed forest litter.

Figure 31.—Representative profile of a Weikert soil. Black and yellowish

brown, highly folded, soft shale and siltstone bedrock is at a depth of

about 12 inches. Depth is marked in feet.
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

331

A—1 to 2 inches; dark brown (10YR 3/3) channery silt loam; weak very fine granular

structure; very friable; many very fine, fine, medium, and coarse roots; 30 percent

rock fragments; very strongly acid; abrupt smooth boundary.

E—2 to 7 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) very channery silt loam; weak very fine

granular structure; very friable; many very fine, fine, medium, and coarse roots;

45 percent rock fragments; very strongly acid; abrupt smooth boundary.

Bw—7 to 12 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) very channery silt loam; moderate

medium and fine subangular blocky structure; friable; common fine, medium, and

coarse roots; 45 percent rock fragments; very strongly acid; abrupt smooth

boundary.

C—12 to 16 inches; brownish yellow (10YR 6/6) extremely channery silt loam;

massive; friable; few fine, medium, and coarse roots; 65 percent rock fragments;

strongly acid; clear smooth boundary.

R—16 inches; multicolored siltstone and shale.

Range in Characteristics

Thickness of the solum: 8 to 20 inches

Depth to bedrock: 10 to 20 inches

Reaction: Very strongly acid or strongly acid

Content of rock fragments: 15 to 35 percent, by volume, in the A horizon; 35 to

60 percent, by volume, in the B horizon; 60 to 85 percent, by volume, in the

C horizon; averages more than 35 percent, by volume, in the particle-size

control section

A horizon:

Hue—10YR

Value—3 or 4

Chroma—2 or 3

Texture—silt loam

E horizon:

Hue—10YR

Value—5

Chroma—4 to 8

Texture—silt loam or loam

B horizon:

Hue—7.5YR or 10YR

Value—4 to 6

Chroma—3 to 6

Texture—silt loam or loam

C horizon:

Hue—7.5YR, 10YR, or 2.5Y

Value—5 or 6

Chroma—4 to 8

Texture—silt loam or loam

Zoar Series

Depth class: Very deep

Drainage class: Moderately well drained

Permeability: Slow

Landscape position: Stream terraces

Parent material: Alluvium
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

332

Slope range: 0 to 3 percent

Classification: Fine, mixed, active, mesic Aquic Hapludults

Representative Pedon

Zoar silt loam, 0 to 3 percent slopes, in a meadow southwest of Williamsburg; USGS

Cornstalk topographic quadrangle; lat. 37 degrees 57 minutes 32 seconds N. and

long. 80 degrees 31 minutes 02 seconds W.

Ap—0 to 9 inches; dark brown (7.5YR 3/3) silt loam; moderate fine subangular blocky

structure; friable; many very fine and fine roots; moderately acid; abrupt smooth

boundary.

Bt1—9 to 17 inches; brown (7.5YR 4/4) silty clay loam; moderate fine subangular

blocky structure; friable; few very fine and fine roots; few distinct clay films on

faces of peds and in pores; strongly acid; clear wavy boundary.

Bt2—17 to 25 inches; strong brown (7.5YR 4/6) silty clay; moderate medium

subangular blocky structure; friable; few very fine roots; common fine faint strong

brown (7.5YR 5/6) iron concentrations; common distinct clay films on faces of

peds and in pores; very strongly acid; clear wavy boundary.

Bt3—25 to 43 inches; brown (7.5YR 4/4) silty clay loam; moderate medium and

coarse subangular blocky structure; friable and firm; few very fine roots; many

prominent brown (7.5YR 5/3) clay films on faces of peds and in pores; common

prominent black (10YR 2/1) manganese coatings; few fine prominent gray (N 6/)

redoximorphic depletions and common medium distinct strong brown (7.5YR 5/6)

iron concentrations; 2 percent rock fragments; very strongly acid; gradual irregular

boundary.

2C—43 to 53 inches; brown (7.5YR 4/3) silty clay loam; massive; firm; common

prominent black (10YR 2/1) manganese coatings; few fine prominent gray (N 6/)

redoximorphic depletions and few medium distinct strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) and

few fine distinct brownish yellow (10YR 6/8) iron concentrations; 35 percent rock

fragments; very strongly acid; clear wavy boundary.

2Cg—53 to 65 inches; brown (7.5YR 5/2) silty clay; massive; friable; many medium

prominent gray (N 6/) redoximorphic depletions and many medium distinct strong

brown (7.5YR 5/6) iron concentrations; 2 percent rock fragments; very strongly

acid.

Range in Characteristics

Thickness of the solum: 30 to 50 inches

Depth to bedrock: More than 60 inches

Reaction: Strongly acid or very strongly acid

Content of rock fragments: 0 to 3 percent, by volume, in the solum and as much as

35 percent, by volume, below a depth of 40 inches

A horizon:

Hue—7.5YR or 10YR

Value—3 to 5

Chroma—2 to 4

Texture—silt loam

Bt horizon:

Hue—5YR, 7.5YR, or 10YR

Value—4 to 6

Chroma—4 to 8

Texture—silty clay loam or silty clay

Note—redoximorphic depletions and concentrations in lower part of horizon
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

333

C horizon:

Hue—5YR, 7.5YR, or 10YR

Value—4 to 7

Chroma—1 to 6

Texture—clay loam, silty clay loam, silty clay, or clay

335

Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

The origin and development of the soils in Greenbrier County are explained in this

section. The five major factors of soil formation are identified, and their influence on

the soils in the county is described. Also, the morphology of the soils is related to

horizon nomenclature and the processes of horizon development.

Factors of Soil Formation

The soils in Greenbrier County formed as a result of the interaction of five major

factors of soil formation—parent material, time, climate, living organisms, and

topography. Each factor modifies the effect of the others. Parent material, topography,

and time have resulted in the major differences among the soils in the county. Climate

and living organisms generally influence soil formation uniformly throughout broad

areas.

Parent Material, Time, and Climate

The character of the parent material strongly influences the time required for soil

formation and the nature of the soil that forms. The soils of the county formed in

residuum, colluvium, and alluvium. Most formed in material weathered from

interbedded shale, siltstone, sandstone, or limestone. For example, Berks soils

formed in material weathered from interbedded siltstone, shale, and fine grained

sandstone and Frederick soils formed in material weathered from limestone.

The residuum is the oldest parent material in the county. Soil formation has been

retarded by resistant rock, the slope, and erosion. Consequently, the profile of some

of the soils that formed in residuum is less well developed than that of some of the

soils that formed in younger material.

Colluvium is along footslopes and in coves. This material moved downslope from

areas of soils formed in residuum. Shouns soils formed in colluvium below areas of

Belmont, Calvin, and Cateache soils.

The alluvium on terraces and flood plains was washed from areas of acid and limy

soils on uplands. The soil-forming processes have had considerable time to act on the

material on terraces. Many additions, losses, and alterations have taken place. The

resulting soils, such as those in the Allegheny series, are strongly leached and have

a moderately well developed profile.

The alluvium on flood plains is the youngest parent material in the county. Most of

the soils on flood plains have a weakly developed profile because the soil-forming

processes have had little time to act. Potomac, Sensabaugh, and Tioga soils formed

in alluvium on flood plains.

The climate is relatively uniform throughout most of the survey area, except at the

higher elevations in the northwestern part of the county where the mean annual

temperature is lower and the mean annual precipitation is higher. Because of the

cooler temperatures and the higher amounts of rainfall in this area, the subsurface

layer of the Gauley soils is leached. Mandy soils, which formed in siltstone, shale, and

fine grained sandstone in areas where precipitation is greater, have a higher content

Formation of the Soils
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

336

of clay than the Berks soils, which formed in the same type of parent material but in

areas that receive a lower amount of rainfall. Poorly drained and very poorly drained

soils are more common in areas that receive a higher amount of rainfall.

Living Organisms

Living organisms, including plants, animals, bacteria, and fungi, affect soil

formation. The kind and amount of vegetation are generally responsible for the

content of organic matter and color of the surface layer and are partly responsible

for the content of nutrients. Earthworms and burrowing animals help to keep the soil

open and porous. They mix organic material with mineral matter by moving soil to

the surface. Bacteria and fungi decompose organic matter, thus releasing plant

nutrients.

Human activities also affect soil formation. Clearing the forest, plowing, burning,

and mining, for example, affect the characteristics of the soil. Human activities also

include adding fertilizer, mixing some of the soil horizons, and moving soil material

from one place to another.

Topography

Topography affects soil formation by its effect on the amount of water moving

through the soil, the amount and rate of runoff, and the rate of erosion. Large

amounts of water have moved through the gently sloping and strongly sloping soils in

the county. This movement favors the formation of deep soils that have a moderately

developed or well developed profile. On steep and very steep hillsides, less water

moves through the soils and more water runs off the surface. The soil material is

washed away almost as rapidly as a soil forms. As a result, the soils on many of

the steeper hillsides are shallower over bedrock than the soils on the more gentle

slopes.

The topography in the county favors the formation of soils on flood plains and

terraces. The soils on flood plains are weakly developed, however, mainly because

too little time has elapsed since the material was deposited.

Morphology of the Soils

The results of the soil-forming processes are evident in the different layers, or

horizons, in the soil profile. The profile extends from the soil surface downward to

material that has been little changed by the soil-forming processes. Most soils have

three major horizons—the A, B, and C horizons. Subdivisions of these horizons are

indicated by numbers and lowercase letters in the horizon designators.

The A horizon is the surface layer. It is the layer that has the maximum

accumulation of organic matter. It is also the layer of maximum leaching, or eluviation,

of clay and iron.

The B horizon underlies the A horizon and is commonly called the subsoil. It is the

horizon of maximum accumulation, or illuviation, of clay, iron, aluminum, or other

compounds leached from the surface layer. It commonly has blocky structure and

generally is firmer and lighter in color than the A horizon.

The C horizon is below the A and B horizons. It consists of material that has been

modified by weathering but is little altered by the soil-forming processes.

Many processes have influenced the formation of horizons in the soils in

Greenbrier County. The more important of these are the accumulation of organic

matter, the leaching of soluble salts, the reduction and transfer of iron, the formation

and translocation of clay minerals, and the formation of structure. These processes

are continuous and have been taking place for thousands of years.
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

337

In most of the soils on uplands in the county, the B horizon is yellowish in color,

mainly because of iron oxides. It has blocky structure and, in places, contains

translocated clay minerals.

A fragipan has formed in the B horizon of some of the soils on footslopes. This

layer is dense and brittle, has redoximorphic features, and is moderately slowly

permeable or slowly permeable. The grayish colors in the fragipan are the result of

gleying, or the reduction of iron, during soil formation.

339

Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials. 2000. Standard

specifications for transportation materials and methods of sampling and testing. 20th

edition, 2 volumes.

American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM). 2001. Standard classification of

soils for engineering purposes. ASTM Stand. D 2487-00.

FedStats. (n.d.) Retrieved July 6, 2006, from http://www.fedstats.gov/qf/states/54/

54025.html.

Gorman, John L., Leonard S. Newman, Woodrow W. Beverage, and William F.

Hatfield. 1972. Soil survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia. U.S. Department of

Agriculture, Soil Conservation Service.

Price, Paul H. 1939. West Virginia geological survey, Greenbrier County.

Soil Survey Division Staff. 1993. Soil survey manual. Soil Conservation Service. U.S.

Department of Agriculture Handbook 18.

Soil Survey Staff. 1998. Keys to soil taxonomy. 8th ed. U.S. Department of Agriculture,

Natural Resources Conservation Service.

Soil Survey Staff. 1999. Soil taxonomy: A basic system of soil classification for making

and interpreting soil surveys. 2d edition. U.S. Department of Agriculture Handbook

436.

United States Department of Agriculture, Soil Conservation Service. 1961. Land

capability classification. U.S. Department of Agriculture Handbook 210.

United States Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census. 1999. 1997 census

of agriculture.

Vessel, A.J., M.E. Swann, and H.M. Fridley. 1941. Soil survey of Greenbrier County,

West Virginia. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Bureau of Plant Industry.

West Virginia Geological and Economic Survey. 1968. Geologic map of West Virginia.

References

341

Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

ABC soil. A soil having an A, a B, and a C horizon.

Ablation till. Loose, permeable till deposited during the final downwasting of glacial

ice. Lenses of crudely sorted sand and gravel are common.

AC soil. A soil having only an A and a C horizon. Commonly, such soil formed in

recent alluvium or on steep, rocky slopes.

Aeration, soil. The exchange of air in soil with air from the atmosphere. The air in a

well aerated soil is similar to that in the atmosphere; the air in a poorly aerated

soil is considerably higher in carbon dioxide and lower in oxygen.

Aggregate, soil. Many fine particles held in a single mass or cluster. Natural soil

aggregates, such as granules, blocks, or prisms, are called peds. Clods are

aggregates produced by tillage or logging.

Alkali (sodic) soil. A soil having so high a degree of alkalinity (pH 8.5 or higher) or

so high a percentage of exchangeable sodium (15 percent or more of the total

exchangeable bases), or both, that plant growth is restricted.

Alluvial cone. The material washed down the sides of mountains and hills by

ephemeral streams and deposited at the mouth of gorges in the form of a

moderately steep, conical mass descending equally in all directions from the

point of issue.

Alluvial fan. The fanlike deposit of a stream where it issues from a gorge upon a

plain or of a tributary stream near or at its junction with its main stream.

Alluvium. Material, such as sand, silt, or clay, deposited on land by streams.

Alpha,alpha-dipyridyl. A dye that when dissolved in 1N ammonium acetate is used

to detect the presence of reduced iron (Fe II) in the soil. A positive reaction

indicates a type of redoximorphic feature.

Animal unit month (AUM). The amount of forage required by one mature cow of

approximately 1,000 pounds weight, with or without a calf, for 1 month.

Aquic conditions. Current soil wetness characterized by saturation, reduction, and

redoximorphic features.

Argillic horizon. A subsoil horizon characterized by an accumulation of illuvial clay.

Arroyo. The flat-floored channel of an ephemeral stream, commonly with very steep

to vertical banks cut in alluvium.

Aspect. The direction in which a slope faces.

Association, soil. A group of soils or miscellaneous areas geographically associated

in a characteristic repeating pattern and defined and delineated as a single map

unit.

Available water capacity (available moisture capacity). The capacity of soils to

hold water available for use by most plants. It is commonly defined as the

difference between the amount of soil water at field moisture capacity and the

amount at wilting point. It is commonly expressed as inches of water per inch of

soil. The capacity, in inches, in a 60-inch profile or to a limiting layer is expressed

as:

Very low .............................................................. 0 to 3

Low ...................................................................... 3 to 6

Glossary
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

342

Moderate ............................................................. 6 to 9

High ................................................................... 9 to 12

Very high ................................................ more than 12

Backslope. The position that forms the steepest and generally linear, middle portion

of a hillslope. In profile, backslopes are commonly bounded by a convex shoulder

above and a concave footslope below.

Badland. Steep or very steep, commonly nonstony, barren land dissected by many

intermittent drainage channels. Badland is most common in semiarid and arid

regions where streams are entrenched in soft geologic material. Local relief

generally ranges from 25 to 500 feet. Runoff potential is very high, and geologic

erosion is active.

Bajada. A broad alluvial slope extending from the base of a mountain range out into a

basin and formed by coalescence of separate alluvial fans.

Basal area. The area of a cross section of a tree, generally referring to the section at

breast height and measured outside the bark. It is a measure of stand density,

commonly expressed in square feet.

Basal till. Compact glacial till deposited beneath the ice.

Base saturation. The degree to which material having cation-exchange properties is

saturated with exchangeable bases (sum of Ca, Mg, Na, and K), expressed as a

percentage of the total cation-exchange capacity.

Base slope. A geomorphic component of hills consisting of the concave to linear

(perpendicular to the contour) slope that, regardless of the lateral shape, forms

an apron or wedge at the bottom of a hillside dominated by colluvium and slopewash sediments (for example, slope alluvium).

Bedding planes. Fine strata, less than 5 millimeters thick, in unconsolidated alluvial,

eolian, lacustrine, or marine sediment.

Bedding system. A drainage system made by plowing, grading, or otherwise

shaping the surface of a flat field. It consists of a series of low ridges separated

by shallow, parallel dead furrows.

Bedrock. The solid rock that underlies the soil and other unconsolidated material or

that is exposed at the surface.

Bedrock-controlled topography. A landscape where the configuration and relief

of the landforms are determined or strongly influenced by the underlying

bedrock.

Bench terrace. A raised, level or nearly level strip of earth constructed on or nearly

on a contour, supported by a barrier of rocks or similar material, and designed to

make the soil suitable for tillage and to prevent accelerated erosion.

Bisequum. Two sequences of soil horizons, each of which consists of an illuvial

horizon and the overlying eluvial horizons.

Blowout. A shallow depression from which all or most of the soil material has been

removed by the wind. A blowout has a flat or irregular floor formed by a resistant

layer or by an accumulation of pebbles or cobbles. In some blowouts the water

table is exposed.

Bottom land. The normal flood plain of a stream, subject to flooding.

Boulders. Rock fragments larger than 2 feet (60 centimeters) in diameter.

Breaks. The steep and very steep broken land at the border of an upland summit that

is dissected by ravines.

Breast height. An average height of 4.5 feet above the ground surface; the point on a

tree where diameter measurements are ordinarily taken.

Brush management. Use of mechanical, chemical, or biological methods to make

conditions favorable for reseeding or to reduce or eliminate competition from

woody vegetation and thus allow understory grasses and forbs to recover. Brush

management increases forage production and thus reduces the hazard of

erosion. It can improve the habitat for some species of wildlife.
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

343

Butte. An isolated small mountain or hill with steep or precipitous sides and a top

variously flat, rounded, or pointed that may be a residual mass isolated by

erosion or an exposed volcanic neck.

Cable yarding. A method of moving felled trees to a nearby central area for transport

to a processing facility. Most cable yarding systems involve use of a drum, a pole,

and wire cables in an arrangement similar to that of a rod and reel used for

fishing. To reduce friction and soil disturbance, felled trees generally are reeled in

while one end is lifted or the entire log is suspended.

Calcareous soil. A soil containing enough calcium carbonate (commonly combined

with magnesium carbonate) to effervesce visibly when treated with cold, dilute

hydrochloric acid.

Caliche. A more or less cemented deposit of calcium carbonate in soils of warmtemperate, subhumid to arid areas. Caliche occurs as soft, thin layers in the soil

or as hard, thick beds directly beneath the solum, or it is exposed at the surface

by erosion.

California bearing ratio (CBR). The load-supporting capacity of a soil as compared

to that of standard crushed limestone, expressed as a ratio. First standardized in

California. A soil having a CBR of 16 supports 16 percent of the load that would

be supported by standard crushed limestone, per unit area, with the same degree

of distortion.

Canopy. The leafy crown of trees or shrubs. (See Crown.)

Canyon. A long, deep, narrow, very steep sided valley with high, precipitous walls in

an area of high local relief.

Capillary water. Water held as a film around soil particles and in tiny spaces between

particles. Surface tension is the adhesive force that holds capillary water in the

soil.

Catena. A sequence, or “chain,” of soils on a landscape that formed in similar kinds of

parent material but have different characteristics as a result of differences in relief

and drainage.

Cation. An ion carrying a positive charge of electricity. The common soil cations are

calcium, potassium, magnesium, sodium, and hydrogen.

Cation-exchange capacity. The total amount of exchangeable cations that can be

held by the soil, expressed in terms of milliquivalents per 100 grams of soil at

neutrality (pH 7.0) or at some other stated pH value. The term, as applied to soils,

is synonymous with base-exchange capacity but is more precise in meaning.

Catsteps. Very small, irregular terraces on steep hillsides, especially in pasture,

formed by the trampling of cattle or the slippage of saturated soil.

Cement rock. Shaly limestone used in the manufacture of cement.

Channery soil material. Soil material that has, by volume, 15 to 35 percent thin, flat

fragments of sandstone, shale, slate, limestone, or schist as much as 6 inches

(15 centimeters) along the longest axis. A single piece is called a channer.

Chemical treatment. Control of unwanted vegetation through the use of chemicals.

Chiseling. Tillage with an implement having one or more soil-penetrating points that

shatter or loosen hard, compacted layers to a depth below normal plow depth.

Cirque. A semicircular, concave, bowllike area that has steep faces primarily resulting

from glacial ice and snow abrasion.

Clay. As a soil separate, the mineral soil particles less than 0.002 millimeter in

diameter. As a soil textural class, soil material that is 40 percent or more clay, less

than 45 percent sand, and less than 40 percent silt.

Clay depletions. Low-chroma zones having a low content of iron, manganese, and

clay because of the chemical reduction of iron and manganese and the removal

of iron, manganese, and clay. A type of redoximorphic depletion.

Clay film. A thin coating of oriented clay on the surface of a soil aggregate or lining

pores or root channels. Synonyms: clay coating, clay skin.
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Claypan. A slowly permeable soil horizon that contains much more clay than the

horizons above it. A claypan is commonly hard when dry and plastic or stiff when

wet.

Climax plant community. The stabilized plant community on a particular site. The

plant cover reproduces itself and does not change so long as the environment

remains the same.

Coarse textured soil. Sand or loamy sand.

Cobble (or cobblestone). A rounded or partly rounded fragment of rock 3 to

10 inches (7.6 to 25 centimeters) in diameter.

Cobbly soil material. Material that has 15 to 35 percent, by volume, rounded or

partially rounded rock fragments 3 to 10 inches (7.6 to 25 centimeters) in

diameter. Very cobbly soil material has 35 to 60 percent of these rock fragments,

and extremely cobbly soil material has more than 60 percent.

COLE (coefficient of linear extensibility). See Linear extensibility.

Colluvium. Soil material or rock fragments, or both, moved by creep, slide, or local

wash and deposited at the base of steep slopes.

Complex slope. Irregular or variable slope. Planning or establishing terraces,

diversions, and other water-control structures on a complex slope is

difficult.

Complex, soil. A map unit of two or more kinds of soil or miscellaneous areas in

such an intricate pattern or so small in area that it is not practical to map them

separately at the selected scale of mapping. The pattern and proportion of the

soils or miscellaneous areas are somewhat similar in all areas.

Concretions. Cemented bodies with crude internal symmetry organized around a

point, a line, or a plane. They typically take the form of concentric layers visible to

the naked eye. Calcium carbonate, iron oxide, and manganese oxide are common

compounds making up concretions. If formed in place, concretions of iron oxide

or manganese oxide are generally considered a type of redoximorphic

concentration.

Congeliturbate. Soil material disturbed by frost action.

Conglomerate. A coarse grained, clastic rock composed of rounded or subangular

rock fragments more than 2 millimeters in diameter. It commonly has a matrix of

sand and finer textured material. Conglomerate is the consolidated equivalent of

gravel.

Conservation cropping system. Growing crops in combination with needed cultural

and management practices. In a good conservation cropping system, the soilimproving crops and practices more than offset the effects of the soil-depleting

crops and practices. Cropping systems are needed on all tilled soils. Soilimproving practices in a conservation cropping system include the use of

rotations that contain grasses and legumes and the return of crop residue to the

soil. Other practices include the use of green manure crops of grasses and

legumes, proper tillage, adequate fertilization, and weed and pest control.

Conservation tillage. A tillage system that does not invert the soil and that leaves a

protective amount of crop residue on the surface throughout the year.

Consistence, soil. Refers to the degree of cohesion and adhesion of soil material

and its resistance to deformation when ruptured. Consistence includes resistance

of soil material to rupture and to penetration; plasticity, toughness, and stickiness

of puddled soil material; and the manner in which the soil material behaves when

subject to compression. Terms describing consistence are defined in the “Soil

Survey Manual.”

Contour stripcropping. Growing crops in strips that follow the contour. Strips of

grass or close-growing crops are alternated with strips of clean-tilled crops or

summer fallow.
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345

Control section. The part of the soil on which classification is based. The thickness

varies among different kinds of soil, but for many it is that part of the soil profile

between depths of 10 inches and 40 or 80 inches.

Coppice dune. A small dune of fine grained soil material stabilized around shrubs or

small trees.

Coprogenous earth (sedimentary peat). Fecal material deposited in water by

aquatic organisms.

Corrosion. Soil-induced electrochemical or chemical action that dissolves or

weakens concrete or uncoated steel.

Cover crop. A close-growing crop grown primarily to improve and protect the soil

between periods of regular crop production, or a crop grown between trees and

vines in orchards and vineyards.

Cropping system. Growing crops according to a planned system of rotation and

management practices.

Crop residue management. Returning crop residue to the soil, which helps to

maintain soil structure, organic matter content, and fertility and helps to control

erosion.

Cross-slope farming. Deliberately conducting farming operations on sloping

farmland in such a way that tillage is across the general slope.

Crown. The upper part of a tree or shrub, including the living branches and their

foliage.

Cuesta. A hill or ridge that has a gentle slope on one side and a steep slope on the

other; specifically, an asymmetric, homoclinal ridge capped by resistant rock

layers of slight or moderate dip.

Culmination of the mean annual increment (CMAI). The average annual increase

per acre in the volume of a stand. Computed by dividing the total volume of the

stand by its age. As the stand increases in age, the mean annual increment

continues to increase until mortality begins to reduce the rate of increase. The

point where the stand reaches its maximum annual rate of growth is called the

culmination of the mean annual increment.

Cutbanks cave (in tables). The walls of excavations tend to cave in or slough.

Decreasers. The most heavily grazed climax range plants. Because they are the

most palatable, they are the first to be destroyed by overgrazing.

Deferred grazing. Postponing grazing or resting grazing land for a prescribed period.

Delta. A body of alluvium having a surface that is nearly flat and fan shaped;

deposited at or near the mouth of a river or stream where it enters a body of

relatively quiet water, generally a sea or lake.

Dense layer (in tables). A very firm, massive layer that has a bulk density of more

than 1.8 grams per cubic centimeter. Such a layer affects the ease of digging and

can affect filling and compacting.

Depth, soil. Generally, the thickness of the soil over bedrock. Very deep soils are

more than 60 inches deep over bedrock; deep soils, 40 to 60 inches; moderately

deep, 20 to 40 inches; shallow, 10 to 20 inches; and very shallow, less than

10 inches.

Desert pavement. On a desert surface, a layer of gravel or larger fragments that was

emplaced by upward movement of the underlying sediments or that remains after

finer particles have been removed by running water or the wind.

Dip slope. A slope of the land surface, roughly determined by and approximately

conforming to the dip of the underlying bedrock.

Diversion (or diversion terrace). A ridge of earth, generally a terrace, built to protect

downslope areas by diverting runoff from its natural course.

Divided-slope farming. A form of field stripcropping in which crops are grown in a

systematic arrangement of two strips, or bands, across the slope to reduce the
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346

hazard of water erosion. One strip is in a close-growing crop that provides

protection from erosion, and the other strip is in a crop that provides less

protection from erosion. This practice is used where slopes are not long enough

to permit a full stripcropping pattern to be used.

Drainage class (natural). Refers to the frequency and duration of wet periods under

conditions similar to those under which the soil formed. Alterations of the water

regime by human activities, either through drainage or irrigation, are not a

consideration unless they have significantly changed the morphology of the soil.

Seven classes of natural soil drainage are recognized—excessively drained,

somewhat excessively drained, well drained, moderately well drained, somewhat

poorly drained, poorly drained, and very poorly drained. These classes are

defined in the “Soil Survey Manual.”

Drainage, surface. Runoff, or surface flow of water, from an area.

Draw. A small stream valley that generally is more open and has broader bottom land

than a ravine or gulch.

Drumlin. A low, smooth, elongated oval hill, mound, or ridge of compact glacial till.

The longer axis is parallel to the path of the glacier and commonly has a blunt

nose pointing in the direction from which the ice approached.

Duff. A generally firm organic layer on the surface of mineral soils. It consists of fallen

plant material that is in the process of decomposition and includes everything

from the litter on the surface to underlying pure humus.

Ecological site. An area where climate, soil, and relief are sufficiently uniform to

produce a distinct natural plant community. An ecological site is the product of all

the environmental factors responsible for its development. It is typified by an

association of species that differ from those on other ecological sites in kind and/

or proportion of species or in total production.

Eluviation. The movement of material in true solution or colloidal suspension from

one place to another within the soil. Soil horizons that have lost material through

eluviation are eluvial; those that have received material are illuvial.

Endosaturation. A type of saturation of the soil in which all horizons between the

upper boundary of saturation and a depth of 2 meters are saturated.

Eolian soil material. Earthy parent material accumulated through wind action;

commonly refers to sandy material in dunes or to loess in blankets on the

surface.

Ephemeral stream. A stream, or reach of a stream, that flows only in direct response

to precipitation. It receives no long-continued supply from melting snow or other

source, and its channel is above the water table at all times.

Episaturation. A type of saturation indicating a perched water table in a soil in which

saturated layers are underlain by one or more unsaturated layers within 2 meters

of the surface.

Erosion. The wearing away of the land surface by water, wind, ice, or other geologic

agents and by such processes as gravitational creep.

Erosion (geologic). Erosion caused by geologic processes acting over long

geologic periods and resulting in the wearing away of mountains and the building

up of such landscape features as flood plains and coastal plains. Synonym:

natural erosion.

Erosion (accelerated). Erosion much more rapid than geologic erosion, mainly as

a result of human or animal activities or of a catastrophe in nature, such as a fire,

that exposes the surface.

Erosion pavement. A layer of gravel or stones that remains on the surface after fine

particles are removed by sheet or rill erosion.

Escarpment. A relatively continuous and steep slope or cliff breaking the general

continuity of more gently sloping land surfaces and resulting from erosion or

faulting. Synonym: scarp.
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347

Esker. A narrow, winding ridge of stratified gravelly and sandy drift deposited by a

stream flowing in a tunnel beneath a glacier.

Extrusive rock. Igneous rock derived from deep-seated molten matter (magma)

emplaced on the Earth’s surface.

Fallow. Cropland left idle in order to restore productivity through accumulation of

moisture. Summer fallow is common in regions of limited rainfall where cereal

grain is grown. The soil is tilled for at least one growing season for weed control

and decomposition of plant residue.

Fan terrace. A relict alluvial fan, no longer a site of active deposition, incised by

younger and lower alluvial surfaces.

Fertility, soil. The quality that enables a soil to provide plant nutrients, in adequate

amounts and in proper balance, for the growth of specified plants when light,

moisture, temperature, tilth, and other growth factors are favorable.

Fibric soil material (peat). The least decomposed of all organic soil material. Peat

contains a large amount of well preserved fiber that is readily identifiable

according to botanical origin. Peat has the lowest bulk density and the highest

water content at saturation of all organic soil material.

Field moisture capacity. The moisture content of a soil, expressed as a percentage

of the ovendry weight, after the gravitational, or free, water has drained away; the

field moisture content 2 or 3 days after a soaking rain; also called normal field

capacity, normal moisture capacity, or capillary capacity.

Fill slope. A sloping surface consisting of excavated soil material from a road cut. It

commonly is on the downhill side of the road.

Fine earth. That portion of the soil consisting of particles less than 2 millimeters in

diameter. Particles and rock fragments 2 millimeters in diameter or larger are not

included.

Fine textured soil. Sandy clay, silty clay, or clay.

Firebreak. Area cleared of flammable material to stop or help control creeping or

running fires. It also serves as a line from which to work and to facilitate the

movement of firefighters and equipment. Designated roads also serve as

firebreaks.

First bottom. The normal flood plain of a stream, subject to frequent or occasional

flooding.

Flaggy soil material. Material that has, by volume, 15 to 35 percent flagstones. Very

flaggy soil material has 35 to 60 percent flagstones, and extremely flaggy soil

material has more than 60 percent flagstones.

Flagstone. A thin fragment of sandstone, limestone, slate, shale, or (rarely) schist 6

to 15 inches (15 to 38 centimeters) long.

Flood plain. A nearly level alluvial plain that borders a stream and is subject to

flooding unless protected artificially.

Fluvial. Of or pertaining to rivers; produced by river action, as a fluvial

plain.

Foothill. A steeply sloping upland that has relief of as much as 1,000 feet

(300 meters) and fringes a mountain range or high-plateau escarpment.

Footslope. The position that forms the inner, gently inclined surface at the base of a

hillslope. In profile, footslopes are commonly concave. A footslope is a transition

zone between upslope sites of erosion and transport (shoulders and backslopes)

and downslope sites of deposition (toeslopes).

Forb. Any herbaceous plant not a grass or a sedge.

Forest cover. All trees and other woody plants (underbrush) covering the ground in a

forest.

Forest type. A stand of trees similar in composition and development because of

given physical and biological factors by which it may be differentiated from other

stands.
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348

Fragipan. A loamy, brittle subsurface horizon low in porosity and content of organic

matter and low or moderate in clay but high in silt or very fine sand. A fragipan

appears cemented and restricts roots. When dry, it is hard or very hard and has a

higher bulk density than the horizon or horizons above. When moist, it tends to

rupture suddenly under pressure rather than to deform slowly.

Genesis, soil. The mode of origin of the soil. Refers especially to the processes or

soil-forming factors responsible for the formation of the solum, or true soil, from

the unconsolidated parent material.

Gilgai. Commonly, a succession of microbasins and microknolls in nearly level areas

or of microvalleys and microridges parallel with the slope. Typically, the microrelief

of clayey soils that shrink and swell considerably with changes in moisture

content.

Glacial drift. Pulverized and other rock material transported by glacial ice and then

deposited. Also, the sorted and unsorted material deposited by streams flowing

from glaciers.

Glacial outwash. Gravel, sand, and silt, commonly stratified, deposited by glacial

meltwater.

Glacial till. Unsorted, nonstratified glacial drift consisting of clay, silt, sand, and

boulders transported and deposited by glacial ice.

Glaciofluvial deposits. Material moved by glaciers and subsequently sorted and

deposited by streams flowing from the melting ice. The deposits are stratified and

occur as kames, eskers, deltas, and outwash plains.

Glaciolacustrine deposits. Material ranging from fine clay to sand derived from

glaciers and deposited in glacial lakes mainly by glacial meltwater. Many deposits

are interbedded or laminated.

Gleyed soil. Soil that formed under poor drainage, resulting in the reduction of iron

and other elements in the profile and in gray colors.

Graded stripcropping. Growing crops in strips that grade toward a protected

waterway.

Grassed waterway. A natural or constructed waterway, typically broad and shallow,

seeded to grass as protection against erosion. Conducts surface water away from

cropland.

Gravel. Rounded or angular fragments of rock as much as 3 inches (2 millimeters to

7.6 centimeters) in diameter. An individual piece is a pebble.

Gravelly soil material. Material that has 15 to 35 percent, by volume, rounded

or angular rock fragments, not prominently flattened, as much as 3 inches

(7.6 centimeters) in diameter.

Green manure crop (agronomy). A soil-improving crop grown to be plowed under in

an early stage of maturity or soon after maturity.

Ground water. Water filling all the unblocked pores of the material below the water

table.

Gully. A miniature valley with steep sides cut by running water and through which

water ordinarily runs only after rainfall. The distinction between a gully and a rill is

one of depth. A gully generally is an obstacle to farm machinery and is too deep

to be obliterated by ordinary tillage; a rill is of lesser depth and can be smoothed

over by ordinary tillage.

Hard bedrock. Bedrock that cannot be excavated except by blasting or by the use of

special equipment that is not commonly used in construction.

Hardpan. A hardened or cemented soil horizon, or layer. The soil material is sandy,

loamy, or clayey and is cemented by iron oxide, silica, calcium carbonate, or other

substance.

Hard to reclaim (in tables). Reclamation is difficult after the removal of soil for

construction and other uses. Revegetation and erosion control are extremely

difficult.
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349

Head out. To form a flower head.

Head slope. A geomorphic component of hills consisting of a laterally concave area

of a hillside, especially at the head of a drainageway. The overland waterflow is

converging.

Hemic soil material (mucky peat). Organic soil material intermediate in degree of

decomposition between the less decomposed fibric material and the more

decomposed sapric material.

High-residue crops. Such crops as small grain and corn used for grain. If properly

managed, residue from these crops can be used to control erosion until the next

crop in the rotation is established. These crops return large amounts of organic

matter to the soil.

Hill. A natural elevation of the land surface, rising as much as 1,000 feet above

surrounding lowlands, commonly of limited summit area and having a well

defined outline; hillsides generally have slopes of more than 15 percent. The

distinction between a hill and a mountain is arbitrary and is dependent on local

usage.

Horizon, soil. A layer of soil, approximately parallel to the surface, having distinct

characteristics produced by soil-forming processes. In the identification of soil

horizons, an uppercase letter represents the major horizons. Numbers or

lowercase letters that follow represent subdivisions of the major horizons. An

explanation of the subdivisions is given in the “Soil Survey Manual.” The major

horizons of mineral soil are as follows:

O horizon.—An organic layer of fresh and decaying plant residue.

A horizon.—The mineral horizon at or near the surface in which an accumulation

of humified organic matter is mixed with the mineral material. Also, a plowed

surface horizon, most of which was originally part of a B horizon.

E horizon.—The mineral horizon in which the main feature is loss of silicate clay,

iron, aluminum, or some combination of these.

B horizon.—The mineral horizon below an A horizon. The B horizon is in part a

layer of transition from the overlying A to the underlying C horizon. The B horizon

also has distinctive characteristics, such as (1) accumulation of clay,

sesquioxides, humus, or a combination of these; (2) prismatic or blocky structure;

(3) redder or browner colors than those in the A horizon; or (4) a combination of

these.

C horizon.—The mineral horizon or layer, excluding indurated bedrock, that is

little affected by soil-forming processes and does not have the properties typical

of the overlying soil material. The material of a C horizon may be either like or

unlike that in which the solum formed. If the material is known to differ from that in

the solum, an Arabic numeral, commonly a 2, precedes the letter C.

Cr horizon.—Soft, consolidated bedrock beneath the soil.

R layer.—Consolidated bedrock beneath the soil. The bedrock commonly

underlies a C horizon, but it can be directly below an A or a B horizon.

Humus. The well decomposed, more or less stable part of the organic matter in

mineral soils.

Hydrologic soil groups. Refers to soils grouped according to their runoff potential.

The soil properties that influence this potential are those that affect the minimum

rate of water infiltration on a bare soil during periods after prolonged wetting

when the soil is not frozen. These properties are depth to a seasonal high water

table, the infiltration rate and permeability after prolonged wetting, and depth to a

very slowly permeable layer. The slope and the kind of plant cover are not

considered but are separate factors in predicting runoff.

Igneous rock. Rock formed by solidification from a molten or partially molten state.

Major varieties include plutonic and volcanic rock. Examples are andesite, basalt,

and granite.
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350

Illuviation. The movement of soil material from one horizon to another in the soil

profile. Generally, material is removed from an upper horizon and deposited in a

lower horizon.

Impervious soil. A soil through which water, air, or roots penetrate slowly or not at

all. No soil is absolutely impervious to air and water all the time.

Increasers. Species in the climax vegetation that increase in amount as the more

desirable plants are reduced by close grazing. Increasers commonly are the

shorter plants and the less palatable to livestock.

Infiltration. The downward entry of water into the immediate surface of soil or other

material, as contrasted with percolation, which is movement of water through soil

layers or material.

Infiltration capacity. The maximum rate at which water can infiltrate into a soil under

a given set of conditions.

Infiltration rate. The rate at which water penetrates the surface of the soil at any

given instant, usually expressed in inches per hour. The rate can be limited by the

infiltration capacity of the soil or the rate at which water is applied at the surface.

Intake rate. The average rate of water entering the soil under irrigation. Most soils

have a fast initial rate; the rate decreases with application time. Therefore, intake

rate for design purposes is not a constant but is a variable depending on the net

irrigation application. The rate of water intake, in inches per hour, is expressed as

follows:

Less than 0.2 ................................................. very low

0.2 to 0.4 ................................................................ low

0.4 to 0.75 ........................................... moderately low

0.75 to 1.25 .................................................. moderate

1.25 to 1.75 ........................................ moderately high

1.75 to 2.5 ............................................................. high

More than 2.5 ................................................ very high

Interfluve. An elevated area between two drainageways that sheds water to those

drainageways.

Intermittent stream. A stream, or reach of a stream, that flows for prolonged periods

only when it receives ground-water discharge or long, continued contributions

from melting snow or other surface and shallow subsurface sources.

Invaders. On range, plants that encroach into an area and grow after the climax

vegetation has been reduced by grazing. Generally, plants invade following

disturbance of the surface.

Iron depletions. Low-chroma zones having a low content of iron and manganese

oxide because of chemical reduction and removal, but having a clay content

similar to that of the adjacent matrix. A type of redoximorphic depletion.

Irrigation. Application of water to soils to assist in production of crops. Methods of

irrigation are:

Basin.—Water is applied rapidly to nearly level plains surrounded by levees or

dikes.

Border.—Water is applied at the upper end of a strip in which the lateral flow of

water is controlled by small earth ridges called border dikes, or borders.

Controlled flooding.—Water is released at intervals from closely spaced field

ditches and distributed uniformly over the field.

Corrugation.—Water is applied to small, closely spaced furrows or ditches in

fields of close-growing crops or in orchards so that it flows in only one direction.

Drip (or trickle).—Water is applied slowly and under low pressure to the surface

of the soil or into the soil through such applicators as emitters, porous tubing, or

perforated pipe.
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351

Furrow.—Water is applied in small ditches made by cultivation implements.

Furrows are used for tree and row crops.

Sprinkler.—Water is sprayed over the soil surface through pipes or nozzles from a

pressure system.

Subirrigation.—Water is applied in open ditches or tile lines until the water table is

raised enough to wet the soil.

Wild flooding.—Water, released at high points, is allowed to flow onto an area

without controlled distribution.

Kame. An irregular, short ridge or hill of stratified glacial drift.

Karst (topography). The relief of an area underlain by limestone that dissolves in

differing degrees, thus forming numerous depressions or small basins.

Knoll. A small, low, rounded hill rising above adjacent landforms.

Ksat. Saturated hydraulic conductivity. (See Permeability.)

Lacustrine deposit. Material deposited in lake water and exposed when the water

level is lowered or the elevation of the land is raised.

Landslide. The rapid downhill movement of a mass of soil and loose rock, generally

when wet or saturated. The speed and distance of movement, as well as the

amount of soil and rock material, vary greatly.

Large stones (in tables). Rock fragments 3 inches (7.6 centimeters) or more across.

Large stones adversely affect the specified use of the soil.

Leaching. The removal of soluble material from soil or other material by percolating

water.

Linear extensibility. Refers to the change in length of an unconfined clod as

moisture content is decreased from a moist to a dry state. Linear extensibility is

used to determine the shrink-swell potential of soils. It is an expression of the

volume change between the water content of the clod at 1/3- or 1/10-bar tension

(33kPa or 10kPa tension) and oven dryness. Volume change is influenced by the

amount and type of clay minerals in the soil. The volume change is the percent

change for the whole soil. If it is expressed as a fraction, the resulting value is

COLE, coefficient of linear extensibility.

Liquid limit. The moisture content at which the soil passes from a plastic to a liquid

state.

Loam. Soil material that is 7 to 27 percent clay particles, 28 to 50 percent silt

particles, and less than 52 percent sand particles.

Loess. Fine grained material, dominantly of silt-sized particles, deposited by wind.

Low-residue crops. Such crops as corn used for silage, peas, beans, and potatoes.

Residue from these crops is not adequate to control erosion until the next crop in

the rotation is established. These crops return little organic matter to the soil.

Low strength. The soil is not strong enough to support loads.

Marl. An earthy, unconsolidated deposit consisting chiefly of calcium carbonate mixed

with clay in approximately equal amounts.

Masses. Concentrations of substances in the soil matrix that do not have a clearly

defined boundary with the surrounding soil material and cannot be removed as a

discrete unit. Common compounds making up masses are calcium carbonate,

gypsum or other soluble salts, iron oxide, and manganese oxide. Masses

consisting of iron oxide or manganese oxide generally are considered a type of

redoximorphic concentration.

Mechanical treatment. Use of mechanical equipment for seeding, brush

management, and other management practices.

Medium textured soil. Very fine sandy loam, loam, silt loam, or silt.

Mesa. A broad, nearly flat topped and commonly isolated upland mass

characterized by summit widths that are more than the heights of bounding

erosional scarps.
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352

Metamorphic rock. Rock of any origin altered in mineralogical composition, chemical

composition, or structure by heat, pressure, and movement. Nearly all such rocks

are crystalline.

Mineral soil. Soil that is mainly mineral material and low in organic material. Its bulk

density is more than that of organic soil.

Minimum tillage. Only the tillage essential to crop production and prevention of soil

damage.

Miscellaneous area. An area that has little or no natural soil and supports little or no

vegetation.

Moderately coarse textured soil. Coarse sandy loam, sandy loam, or fine sandy

loam.

Moderately fine textured soil. Clay loam, sandy clay loam, or silty clay loam.

Mollic epipedon. A thick, dark, humus-rich surface horizon (or horizons) that has

high base saturation and pedogenic soil structure. It may include the upper part

of the subsoil.

Moraine. An accumulation of earth, stones, and other debris deposited by a glacier.

Some types are terminal, lateral, medial, and ground.

Morphology, soil. The physical makeup of the soil, including the texture, structure,

porosity, consistence, color, and other physical, mineral, and biological properties

of the various horizons, and the thickness and arrangement of those horizons in

the soil profile.

Mottling, soil. Irregular spots of different colors that vary in number and size.

Descriptive terms are as follows: abundance—few, common, and many; size—

fine, medium, and coarse; and contrast—faint, distinct, and prominent. The size

measurements are of the diameter along the greatest dimension. Fine indicates

less than 5 millimeters (about 0.2 inch); medium, from 5 to 15 millimeters (about

0.2 to 0.6 inch); and coarse, more than 15 millimeters (about 0.6 inch).

Mountain. A natural elevation of the land surface, rising more than 1,000 feet above

surrounding lowlands, commonly of restricted summit area (relative to a plateau)

and generally having steep sides. A mountain can occur as a single, isolated

mass or in a group forming a chain or range.

Muck. Dark, finely divided, well decomposed organic soil material. (See Sapric soil

material.)

Mudstone. Sedimentary rock formed by induration of silt and clay in approximately

equal amounts.

Munsell notation. A designation of color by degrees of three simple variables—hue,

value, and chroma. For example, a notation of 10YR 6/4 is a color with hue of

10YR, value of 6, and chroma of 4.

Natric horizon. A special kind of argillic horizon that contains enough exchangeable

sodium to have an adverse effect on the physical condition of the subsoil.

Neutral soil. A soil having a pH value of 6.6 to 7.3. (See Reaction, soil.)

Nodules. Cemented bodies lacking visible internal structure. Calcium carbonate, iron

oxide, and manganese oxide are common compounds making up nodules. If

formed in place, nodules of iron oxide or manganese oxide are considered types

of redoximorphic concentrations.

Nose slope. A geomorphic component of hills consisting of the projecting end

(laterally convex area) of a hillside. The overland waterflow is predominantly

divergent.

Nutrient, plant. Any element taken in by a plant essential to its growth. Plant

nutrients are mainly nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium,

sulfur, iron, manganese, copper, boron, and zinc obtained from the soil and

carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen obtained from the air and water.
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

353

Organic matter. Plant and animal residue in the soil in various stages of

decomposition. The content of organic matter in the surface layer is described as

follows:

Very low ..................................... less than 0.5 percent

Low .................................................. 0.5 to 1.0 percent

Moderately low ................................ 1.0 to 2.0 percent

Moderate ......................................... 2.0 to 4.0 percent

High ................................................. 4.0 to 8.0 percent

Very high .................................. more than 8.0 percent

Outwash plain. A landform of mainly sandy or coarse textured material of

glaciofluvial origin. An outwash plain is commonly smooth; where pitted, it

generally is low in relief.

Paleoterrace. An erosional remnant of a terrace that retains the surface form and

alluvial deposits of its origin but was not emplaced by, and commonly does not

grade to, a present-day stream or drainage network.

Pan. A compact, dense layer in a soil that impedes the movement of water and the

growth of roots. For example, hardpan, fragipan, claypan, plowpan, and traffic

pan.

Parent material. The unconsolidated organic and mineral material in which soil

forms.

Peat. Unconsolidated material, largely undecomposed organic matter, that has

accumulated under excess moisture. (See Fibric soil material.)

Pebble. A rounded or angular fragment of rock as much as 3 inches (2 millimeters to

7.6 centimeters) in diameter. A collection of pebbles is referred to as gravel.

Ped. An individual natural soil aggregate, such as a granule, a prism, or a block.

Pedisediment. A thin layer of alluvial material that mantles an erosion surface and

has been transported to its present position from higher lying areas of the erosion

surface.

Pedon. The smallest volume that can be called “a soil.” A pedon is three dimensional

and large enough to permit study of all horizons. Its area ranges from about 10 to

100 square feet (1 square meter to 10 square meters), depending on the

variability of the soil.

Percolation. The movement of water through the soil.

Permafrost. Layers of soil, or even bedrock, occurring in arctic or subarctic regions,

in which a temperature below freezing has existed continuously for a long time.

Permeability. The quality of the soil that enables water or air to move downward

through the profile. The rate at which a saturated soil transmits water is accepted

as a measure of this quality. In soil physics, the rate is referred to as “saturated

hydraulic conductivity,” which is defined in the “Soil Survey Manual.” In line with

conventional usage in the engineering profession and with traditional usage in

published soil surveys, this rate of flow continues to be expressed as

“permeability.” Terms describing permeability, measured in inches per hour, are as

follows:

Impermeable ............................. less than 0.0015 inch

Very slow ...................................... 0.0015 to 0.06 inch

Slow .................................................... 0.06 to 0.2 inch

Moderately slow .................................... 0.2 to 0.6 inch

Moderate ................................... 0.6 inch to 2.0 inches

Moderately rapid ............................... 2.0 to 6.0 inches

Rapid .................................................. 6.0 to 20 inches

Very rapid ................................... more than 20 inches
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

354

Phase, soil. A subdivision of a soil series based on features that affect its use and

management, such as slope, stoniness, and flooding.

pH value. A numerical designation of acidity and alkalinity in soil. (See Reaction,

soil.)

Piping (in tables). Formation of subsurface tunnels or pipelike cavities by water

moving through the soil.

Pitting (in tables). Pits caused by melting around ice. They form on the soil after plant

cover is removed.

Plasticity index. The numerical difference between the liquid limit and the plastic

limit; the range of moisture content within which the soil remains plastic.

Plastic limit. The moisture content at which a soil changes from semisolid to

plastic.

Plateau. An extensive upland mass with a relatively flat summit area that is

considerably elevated (more than 100 meters) above adjacent lowlands and

separated from them on one or more sides by escarpments.

Playa. The generally dry and nearly level lake plain that occupies the lowest

parts of closed depressional areas, such as those on intermontane basin

floors. Temporary flooding occurs primarily in response to precipitation and

runoff.

Plinthite. The sesquioxide-rich, humus-poor, highly weathered mixture of clay with

quartz and other diluents. It commonly appears as red mottles, usually in platy,

polygonal, or reticulate patterns. Plinthite changes irreversibly to an ironstone

hardpan or to irregular aggregates on repeated wetting and drying, especially if it

is exposed also to heat from the sun. In a moist soil, plinthite can be cut with a

spade. It is a form of laterite.

Plowpan. A compacted layer formed in the soil directly below the plowed layer.

Ponding. Standing water on soils in closed depressions. Unless the soils are

artificially drained, the water can be removed only by percolation or

evapotranspiration.

Poorly graded. Refers to a coarse grained soil or soil material consisting mainly of

particles of nearly the same size. Because there is little difference in size of the

particles, density can be increased only slightly by compaction.

Potential native plant community. See Climax plant community.

Potential rooting depth (effective rooting depth). Depth to which roots could

penetrate if the content of moisture in the soil were adequate. The soil has no

properties restricting the penetration of roots to this depth.

Prescribed burning. Deliberately burning an area for specific management

purposes, under the appropriate conditions of weather and soil moisture and at

the proper time of day.

Productivity, soil. The capability of a soil for producing a specified plant or sequence

of plants under specific management.

Profile, soil. A vertical section of the soil extending through all its horizons and into

the parent material.

Proper grazing use. Grazing at an intensity that maintains enough cover to protect

the soil and maintain or improve the quantity and quality of the desirable

vegetation. This practice increases the vigor and reproduction capacity of the key

plants and promotes the accumulation of litter and mulch necessary to conserve

soil and water.

Rangeland. Land on which the potential natural vegetation is predominantly grasses,

grasslike plants, forbs, or shrubs suitable for grazing or browsing. It includes

natural grasslands, savannas, many wetlands, some deserts, tundras, and areas

that support certain forb and shrub communities.

Reaction, soil. A measure of acidity or alkalinity of a soil, expressed in pH values. A

soil that tests to pH 7.0 is described as precisely neutral in reaction because it is
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

355

neither acid nor alkaline. The degrees of acidity or alkalinity, expressed as pH

values, are:

Ultra acid ................................................. less than 3.5

Extremely acid ..............................................3.5 to 4.4

Very strongly acid .........................................4.5 to 5.0

Strongly acid .................................................5.1 to 5.5

Moderately acid ............................................5.6 to 6.0

Slightly acid ...................................................6.1 to 6.5

Neutral...........................................................6.6 to 7.3

Slightly alkaline .............................................7.4 to 7.8

Moderately alkaline ......................................7.9 to 8.4

Strongly alkaline ...........................................8.5 to 9.0

Very strongly alkaline .......................... 9.1 and higher

Red beds. Sedimentary strata that are mainly red and are made up largely of

sandstone and shale.

Redoximorphic concentrations. Nodules, concretions, soft masses, pore linings,

and other features resulting from the accumulation of iron or manganese oxide.

An indication of chemical reduction and oxidation resulting from saturation.

Redoximorphic depletions. Low-chroma zones from which iron and manganese

oxide or a combination of iron and manganese oxide and clay has been removed.

These zones are indications of the chemical reduction of iron resulting from

saturation.

Redoximorphic features. Redoximorphic concentrations, redoximorphic depletions,

reduced matrices, a positive reaction to alpha,alpha-dipyridyl, and other features

indicating the chemical reduction and oxidation of iron and manganese

compounds resulting from saturation.

Reduced matrix. A soil matrix that has low chroma in situ because of chemically

reduced iron (Fe II). The chemical reduction results from nearly continuous

wetness. The matrix undergoes a change in hue or chroma within 30 minutes

after exposure to air as the iron is oxidized (Fe III). A type of redoximorphic

feature.

Regolith. The unconsolidated mantle of weathered rock and soil material on the

Earth’s surface; the loose earth material above the solid rock.

Relief. The elevations or inequalities of a land surface, considered collectively.

Residuum (residual soil material). Unconsolidated, weathered or partly weathered

mineral material that accumulated as consolidated rock disintegrated in place.

Rill. A steep-sided channel resulting from accelerated erosion. A rill generally is a few

inches deep and not wide enough to be an obstacle to farm machinery.

Road cut. A sloping surface produced by mechanical means during road

construction. It is commonly on the uphill side of the road.

Rock fragments. Rock or mineral fragments having a diameter of 2 millimeters or

more; for example, pebbles, cobbles, stones, and boulders.

Root zone. The part of the soil that can be penetrated by plant roots.

Runoff. The precipitation discharged into stream channels from an area. The water

that flows off the surface of the land without sinking into the soil is called surface

runoff. Water that enters the soil before reaching surface streams is called

ground-water runoff or seepage flow from ground water.

Saline soil. A soil containing soluble salts in an amount that impairs growth of plants.

A saline soil does not contain excess exchangeable sodium.

Sand. As a soil separate, individual rock or mineral fragments from 0.05 millimeter to

2.0 millimeters in diameter. Most sand grains consist of quartz. As a soil textural

class, a soil that is 85 percent or more sand and not more than 10 percent clay.

Sandstone. Sedimentary rock containing dominantly sand-sized particles.
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

356

Sapric soil material (muck). The most highly decomposed of all organic soil

material. Muck has the least amount of plant fiber, the highest bulk density, and

the lowest water content at saturation of all organic soil material.

Saprolite. Unconsolidated residual material underlying the soil and grading to hard

bedrock below.

Saturation. Wetness characterized by zero or positive pressure of the soil water.

Under conditions of saturation, the water will flow from the soil matrix into an

unlined auger hole.

Scarification. The act of abrading, scratching, loosening, crushing, or modifying the

surface to increase water absorption or to provide a more tillable soil.

Second bottom. The first terrace above the normal flood plain (or first bottom) of a

river.

Sedimentary rock. Rock made up of particles deposited from suspension in water.

The chief kinds of sedimentary rock are conglomerate, formed from gravel;

sandstone, formed from sand; shale, formed from clay; and limestone, formed

from soft masses of calcium carbonate. There are many intermediate types.

Some wind-deposited sand is consolidated into sandstone.

Sequum. A sequence consisting of an illuvial horizon and the overlying eluvial

horizon. (See Eluviation.)

Series, soil. A group of soils that have profiles that are almost alike, except for

differences in texture of the surface layer. All the soils of a series have horizons

that are similar in composition, thickness, and arrangement.

Shale. Sedimentary rock formed by the hardening of a clay deposit.

Sheet erosion. The removal of a fairly uniform layer of soil material from the land

surface by the action of rainfall and surface runoff.

Shoulder. The position that forms the uppermost inclined surface near the top of a

hillslope. It is a transition from backslope to summit. The surface is dominantly

convex in profile and erosional in origin.

Shrink-swell (in tables). The shrinking of soil when dry and the swelling when wet.

Shrinking and swelling can damage roads, dams, building foundations, and other

structures. It can also damage plant roots.

Side slope. A geomorphic component of hills consisting of a laterally planar area of a

hillside. The overland waterflow is predominantly parallel.

Silica. A combination of silicon and oxygen. The mineral form is called quartz.

Silica-sesquioxide ratio. The ratio of the number of molecules of silica to the

number of molecules of alumina and iron oxide. The more highly weathered soils

or their clay fractions in warm-temperate, humid regions, and especially those in

the tropics, generally have a low ratio.

Silt. As a soil separate, individual mineral particles that range in diameter from the

upper limit of clay (0.002 millimeter) to the lower limit of very fine sand (0.05

millimeter). As a soil textural class, soil that is 80 percent or more silt and less

than 12 percent clay.

Siltstone. Sedimentary rock made up of dominantly silt-sized particles.

Similar soils. Soils that share limits of diagnostic criteria, behave and perform in a

similar manner, and have similar conservation needs or management

requirements for the major land uses in the survey area.

Sinkhole. A depression in the landscape where limestone has been dissolved.

Site index. A designation of the quality of a forest site based on the height of the

dominant stand at an arbitrarily chosen age. For example, if the average height

attained by dominant and codominant trees in a fully stocked stand at the age of

50 years is 75 feet, the site index is 75.

Slickensides. Polished and grooved surfaces produced by one mass sliding past

another. In soils, slickensides may occur at the bases of slip surfaces on the
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

357

steeper slopes; on faces of blocks, prisms, and columns; and in swelling clayey

soils, where there is marked change in moisture content.

Slick spot. A small area of soil having a puddled, crusted, or smooth surface and an

excess of exchangeable sodium. The soil generally is silty or clayey, is slippery

when wet, and is low in productivity.

Slope. The inclination of the land surface from the horizontal. Percentage of slope is

the vertical distance divided by horizontal distance, then multiplied by 100. Thus,

a slope of 20 percent is a drop of 20 feet in 100 feet of horizontal distance. In this

survey, classes for simple slopes are as follows:

Nearly level ........................................... 0 to 3 percent

Gently sloping ....................................... 3 to 8 percent

Strongly sloping .................................. 8 to 15 percent

Moderately steep .............................. 15 to 25 percent

Steep ................................................. 25 to 35 percent

Very steep ......................................... 35 to 55 percent

Extremely steep ................................ 55 to 80 percent

Sloughed till. Water-saturated till that has flowed slowly downhill from its original

place of deposit by glacial ice. It may rest on other till, on glacial outwash, or on a

glaciolacustrine deposit.

Slow refill (in tables). The slow filling of ponds, resulting from restricted permeability

in the soil.

Sodic (alkali) soil. A soil having so high a degree of alkalinity (pH 8.5 or higher) or

so high a percentage of exchangeable sodium (15 percent or more of the total

exchangeable bases), or both, that plant growth is restricted.

Sodicity. The degree to which a soil is affected by exchangeable sodium. Sodicity is

expressed as a sodium adsorption ratio (SAR) of a saturation extract, or the ratio

of Na+ to Ca++ + Mg++. The degrees of sodicity and their respective ratios are:

Slight ..................................................... less than 13:1

Moderate ......................................................... 13-30:1

Strong.................................................. more than 30:1

Sodium adsorption ratio (SAR). A measure of the amount of sodium (Na) relative to

calcium (Ca) and magnesium (Mg) in the water extract from saturated soil paste.

It is the ratio of the Na concentration divided by the square root of one-half of the

Ca + Mg concentration.

Soft bedrock. Bedrock that can be excavated with trenching machines, backhoes,

small rippers, and other equipment commonly used in construction.

Soil. A natural, three-dimensional body at the Earth’s surface. It is capable of

supporting plants and has properties resulting from the integrated effect of

climate and living matter acting on earthy parent material, as conditioned by relief

over periods of time.

Soil separates. Mineral particles less than 2 millimeters in equivalent diameter and

ranging between specified size limits. The names and sizes, in millimeters, of

separates recognized in the United States are as follows:

Very coarse sand ..........................................2.0 to 1.0

Coarse sand .................................................1.0 to 0.5

Medium sand ............................................. 0.5 to 0.25

Fine sand ................................................. 0.25 to 0.10

Very fine sand .......................................... 0.10 to 0.05

Silt .......................................................... 0.05 to 0.002

Clay ..................................................... less than 0.002
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

358

Solum. The upper part of a soil profile, above the C horizon, in which the processes

of soil formation are active. The solum in soil consists of the A, E, and B horizons.

Generally, the characteristics of the material in these horizons are unlike those of

the material below the solum. The living roots and plant and animal activities are

largely confined to the solum.

Stone line. A concentration of coarse fragments in a soil. Generally, it is indicative of

an old weathered surface. In a cross section, the line may be one fragment or

more thick. It generally overlies material that weathered in place and is overlain

by recent sediment of variable thickness.

Stones. Rock fragments 10 to 24 inches (25 to 60 centimeters) in diameter if rounded

or 15 to 24 inches (38 to 60 centimeters) in length if flat.

Stony. Refers to a soil containing stones in numbers that interfere with or prevent

tillage.

Stripcropping. Growing crops in a systematic arrangement of strips or bands that

provide vegetative barriers to wind erosion and water erosion.

Structure, soil. The arrangement of primary soil particles into compound particles or

aggregates. The principal forms of soil structure are—platy (laminated), prismatic

(vertical axis of aggregates longer than horizontal), columnar (prisms with

rounded tops), blocky (angular or subangular), and granular. Structureless soils

are either single grain (each grain by itself, as in dune sand) or massive (the

particles adhering without any regular cleavage, as in many hardpans).

Stubble mulch. Stubble or other crop residue left on the soil or partly worked into the

soil. It protects the soil from wind erosion and water erosion after harvest, during

preparation of a seedbed for the next crop, and during the early growing period of

the new crop.

Subsoil. Technically, the B horizon; roughly, the part of the solum below plow

depth.

Subsoiling. Tilling a soil below normal plow depth, ordinarily to shatter a hardpan or

claypan.

Substratum. The part of the soil below the solum.

Subsurface layer. Any surface soil horizon (A, E, AB, or EB) below the surface layer.

Summer fallow. The tillage of uncropped land during the summer to control weeds

and allow storage of moisture in the soil for the growth of a later crop. A practice

common in semiarid regions, where annual precipitation is not enough to produce

a crop every year. Summer fallow is frequently practiced before planting winter

grain.

Summit. The topographically highest position of a hillslope. It has a nearly level

(planar or only slightly convex) surface.

Surface layer. The soil ordinarily moved in tillage, or its equivalent in uncultivated

soil, ranging in depth from 4 to 10 inches (10 to 25 centimeters). Frequently

designated as the “plow layer,” or the “Ap horizon.”

Surface soil. The A, E, AB, and EB horizons, considered collectively. It includes all

subdivisions of these horizons.

Talus. Fragments of rock and other soil material accumulated by gravity at the foot of

cliffs or steep slopes.

Terminal moraine. A belt of thick glacial drift that generally marks the termination of

important glacial advances.

Terrace. An embankment, or ridge, constructed across sloping soils on the contour or

at a slight angle to the contour. The terrace intercepts surface runoff so that water

soaks into the soil or flows slowly to a prepared outlet. A terrace in a field

generally is built so that the field can be farmed. A terrace intended mainly for

drainage has a deep channel that is maintained in permanent sod.

Terrace (geologic). An old alluvial plain, ordinarily flat or undulating, bordering a river,

a lake, or the sea.
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

359

Texture, soil. The relative proportions of sand, silt, and clay particles in a mass of

soil. The basic textural classes, in order of increasing proportion of fine particles,

are sand, loamy sand, sandy loam, loam, silt loam, silt, sandy clay loam, clay

loam, silty clay loam, sandy clay, silty clay, and clay. The sand, loamy sand, and

sandy loam classes may be further divided by specifying “coarse,” “fine,” or “very

fine.”

Thin layer (in tables). Otherwise suitable soil material that is too thin for the specified

use.

Till plain. An extensive area of nearly level to undulating soils underlain by glacial till.

Tilth, soil. The physical condition of the soil as related to tillage, seedbed

preparation, seedling emergence, and root penetration.

Toeslope. The position that forms the gently inclined surface at the base of a

hillslope. Toeslopes in profile are commonly gentle and linear and are

constructional surfaces forming the lower part of a hillslope continuum that

grades to valley or closed-depression floors.

Topsoil. The upper part of the soil, which is the most favorable material for plant

growth. It is ordinarily rich in organic matter and is used to topdress roadbanks,

lawns, and land affected by mining.

Trace elements. Chemical elements, for example, zinc, cobalt, manganese, copper,

and iron, in soils in extremely small amounts. They are essential to plant growth.

Tuff. A compacted deposit that is 50 percent or more volcanic ash and dust.

Upland. Land at a higher elevation, in general, than the alluvial plain or stream

terrace; land above the lowlands along streams.

Valley fill. In glaciated regions, material deposited in stream valleys by glacial

meltwater. In nonglaciated regions, alluvium deposited by heavily loaded streams.

Variegation. Refers to patterns of contrasting colors assumed to be inherited from

the parent material rather than to be the result of poor drainage.

Varve. A sedimentary layer or a lamina or sequence of laminae deposited in a body

of still water within a year. Specifically, a thin pair of graded glaciolacustrine layers

seasonally deposited, usually by meltwater streams, in a glacial lake or other

body of still water in front of a glacier.

Water bars. Smooth, shallow ditches or depressional areas that are excavated at an

angle across a sloping road. They are used to reduce the downward velocity of

water and divert it off and away from the road surface. Water bars can easily be

driven over if constructed properly.

Weathering. All physical and chemical changes produced in rocks or other deposits

at or near the Earth’s surface by atmospheric agents. These changes result in

disintegration and decomposition of the material.

Well graded. Refers to soil material consisting of coarse grained particles that are

well distributed over a wide range in size or diameter. Such soil normally can be

easily increased in density and bearing properties by compaction. Contrasts with

poorly graded soil.

Wilting point (or permanent wilting point). The moisture content of soil, on an

ovendry basis, at which a plant (specifically a sunflower) wilts so much that it

does not recover when placed in a humid, dark chamber.

Windthrow. The uprooting and tipping over of trees by the wind.

361

Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

Tables
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

362

Table 1.--Temperature and Precipitation

(Recorded in the period 1971-2000 at Lewisburg, West Virginia.)

_________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | |

 | Temperature | Precipitation

 |_________________________________________________________|_____________________________________

 | | | | 2 years in | | |2 years in 10|Average|

 | | | | 10 will have-- | Average | | will have-- |number |

 Month |Average|Average| |_______________________|number of| |_____________|of days|Average

 | daily | daily |Average| Maximum | Minimum | growing |Average| Less | More | with | snow-

 |maximum|minimum| |temperature|temperature| degree | |than--|than--| 0.10 | fall

 | | | | higher | lower | days* | | | |inch or|

 | | | | than-- | than-- | | | | | more |

_________|_______|_______|_______|___________|___________|_________|_______|______|______|_______|_______

 | | | | | | | | | | |

 | oF | oF | oF | oF | oF | Units | In | In | In | | In

 | | | | | | | | | | |

January--| 40.4 | 21.0 | 30.7 | 66 | -10 | 28 | 3.23 | 1.75 | 4.74 | 7 | 9.2

 | | | | | | | | | | |

February-| 44.9 | 23.5 | 34.2 | 72 | -1 | 52 | 2.90 | 1.90 | 3.86 | 6 | 6.9

 | | | | | | | | | | |

March----| 54.3 | 30.0 | 42.1 | 79 | 7 | 162 | 3.79 | 2.35 | 5.15 | 8 | 5.2

 | | | | | | | | | | |

April----| 64.1 | 37.5 | 50.8 | 85 | 18 | 342 | 3.42 | 2.19 | 4.66 | 7 | .7

 | | | | | | | | | | |

May------| 72.9 | 46.8 | 59.9 | 87 | 28 | 607 | 4.21 | 2.80 | 5.51 | 8 | .0

 | | | | | | | | | | |

June-----| 79.8 | 55.5 | 67.6 | 91 | 37 | 824 | 3.72 | 1.99 | 5.26 | 7 | .0

 | | | | | | | | | | |

July-----| 83.2 | 59.8 | 71.5 | 93 | 45 | 968 | 4.12 | 2.64 | 5.41 | 7 | .0

 | | | | | | | | | | |

August---| 82.0 | 58.3 | 70.1 | 92 | 44 | 926 | 3.49 | 1.80 | 4.99 | 6 | .0

 | | | | | | | | | | |

September| 75.8 | 51.9 | 63.9 | 90 | 31 | 714 | 2.86 | 1.06 | 4.71 | 5 | .0

 | | | | | | | | | | |

October--| 66.0 | 39.3 | 52.7 | 83 | 19 | 397 | 2.78 | 1.27 | 4.21 | 5 | .2

 | | | | | | | | | | |

November-| 53.9 | 31.3 | 42.6 | 75 | 10 | 160 | 3.00 | 1.92 | 3.87 | 6 | 1.4

 | | | | | | | | | | |

December-| 44.1 | 24.4 | 34.3 | 68 | -3 | 58 | 3.08 | 1.73 | 4.41 | 7 | 4.9

 | | | | | | | | | | |

Yearly: | | | | | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | | | | | |

 Average-| 63.5 | 39.9 | 51.7 | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---

 | | | | | | | | | | |

 Extreme-| --- | --- | --- | 94 | -12 | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---

 | | | | | | | | | | |

 Total---| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | 5,239 | 40.60 |31.83 |45.89 | 79 | 28.5

_________|_______|_______|_______|___________|___________|_________|_______|______|______|_______|_______

 * A growing degree day is a unit of heat available for plant growth. It can be calculated by adding

the maximum and minimum daily temperatures, dividing the sum by 2, and subtracting the temperature below

which growth is minimal for the principal crops in the area (40 degrees F).
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

363

Table 2.--Freeze Dates in Spring and Fall

(Recorded in the period 1971-2000 at Lewisburg, West Virginia.)

_______________________________________________________________

 |

 | Temperature

 |___________________________________________

 Probability | | |

 | 24o F | 28o F | 32o F

 | or lower | or lower | or lower

___________________|______________|_____________|______________

 | | |

 | | |

 Last freezing | | |

 temperature | | |

 in spring: | | |

 | | |

 1 year in 10 | | |

 later than-- | Apr. 18 | May 7 | May 21

 | | |

 2 years in 10 | | |

 later than-- | Apr. 13 | May 3 | May 16

 | | |

 5 years in 10 | | |

 later than-- | Apr. 5 | Apr. 23 | May 8

 | | |

 First freezing | | |

 temperature | | |

 in fall: | | |

 | | |

 1 year in 10 | | |

 earlier than-- | Oct. 7 | Sept.24 | Sept. 23

 | | |

 2 years in 10 | | |

 earlier than-- | Oct. 13 | Oct. 1 | Sept. 27

 | | |

 5 years in 10 | | |

 earlier than-- | Oct. 26 | Oct. 13 | Oct. 3

___________________|______________|_____________|______________

Table 3.--Growing Season

(Recorded in the period 1971-2000 at Lewisburg,

 West Virginia.)

_____________________________________________________

 |

 | Daily minimum temperature

 | during growing season

 |___________________________________

 Probability | | |

 | Higher | Higher | Higher

 | than | than | than

 | 24o F | 28o F | 32o F

_________________|____________|___________|__________

 | Days | Days | Days

 | | |

 9 years in 10 | 183 | 148 | 130

 | | |

 8 years in 10 | 190 | 156 | 136

 | | |

 5 years in 10 | 203 | 171 | 147

 | | |

 2 years in 10 | 215 | 187 | 159

 | | |

 1 year in 10 | 222 | 194 | 165

_________________|____________|___________|__________
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

364

Table 4.--Acreage and Proportionate Extent of the Soils

_______________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | |

 Map | Soil name | Acres |Percent

symbol | | |

_______|_________________________________________________________________________|____________|________

 | | |

AlB |Allegheny loam, 3 to 8 percent slopes------------------------------------| 687 | 0.1

AlC |Allegheny loam, 8 to 15 percent slopes-----------------------------------| 345 | *

An |Atkins-Philo-Potomac complex---------------------------------------------| 5,725 | 0.9

BaE |Belmont silt loam, 15 to 35 percent slopes, very rocky-------------------| 131 | *

BcC |Berks channery loam, 3 to 15 percent slopes, very stony------------------| 765 | 0.1

BcE |Berks channery loam, 15 to 35 percent slopes, very stony-----------------| 2,735 | 0.4

BcF |Berks channery loam, 35 to 55 percent slopes, very stony-----------------| 26,763 | 4.1

BkG |Berks, Weikert, and Calvin soils, 55 to 80 percent slopes, very stony----| 9,734 | 1.5

BlC |Berks-Dekalb complex, 3 to 15 percent slopes, very stony-----------------| 6,128 | 0.9

BlE |Berks-Dekalb complex, 15 to 35 percent slopes, very stony----------------| 13,551 | 2.1

BlF |Berks-Dekalb complex, 35 to 55 percent slopes, very stony----------------| 27,688 | 4.2

BrE |Berks-Weikert complex, 15 to 35 percent slopes, very stony---------------| 193 | *

BrF |Berks-Weikert complex, 35 to 55 percent slopes, very stony---------------| 1,292 | 0.2

BtC |Blackthorn very channery loam, 3 to 15 percent slopes, extremely stony---| 1,768 | 0.3

BtE |Blackthorn very channery loam, 15 to 35 percent slopes, extremely stony--| 4,568 | 0.7

BxF |Briery-Rock outcrop complex, very steep----------------------------------| 5,862 | 0.9

CbC |Calvin-Dekalb-Berks complex, 3 to 15 percent slopes, very stony----------| 348 | *

CbE |Calvin-Dekalb-Berks complex, 15 to 35 percent slopes, very stony---------| 657 | 0.1

CbF |Calvin-Dekalb-Berks complex, 35 to 55 percent slopes, very stony---------| 2,369 | 0.4

CeF |Caneyville-Frederick-Rock outcrop complex, karst, 35 to 60 percent slopes| 14,843 | 2.3

CfB |Cateache silt loam, 3 to 8 percent slopes--------------------------------| 1,549 | 0.2

CfC |Cateache silt loam, 8 to 15 percent slopes-------------------------------| 6,458 | 1.0

CfD |Cateache silt loam, 15 to 25 percent slopes------------------------------| 5,729 | 0.9

CfE |Cateache silt loam, 25 to 35 percent slopes------------------------------| 4,098 | 0.6

CfF |Cateache silt loam, 35 to 55 percent slopes------------------------------| 4,988 | 0.8

CgC |Cateache silt loam, 3 to 15 percent slopes, very stony-------------------| 2,003 | 0.3

CgE |Cateache silt loam, 15 to 35 percent slopes, very stony------------------| 8,077 | 1.2

CgF |Cateache silt loam, 35 to 55 percent slopes, very stony------------------| 33,640 | 5.1

Ch |Chavies fine sandy loam--------------------------------------------------| 2,642 | 0.4

CpB |Cookport loam, 3 to 8 percent slopes-------------------------------------| 1,719 | 0.3

CuB |Culleoka loam, 3 to 8 percent slopes-------------------------------------| 1,706 | 0.3

CuC |Culleoka loam, 8 to 15 percent slopes------------------------------------| 7,167 | 1.1

CuD |Culleoka loam, 15 to 25 percent slopes-----------------------------------| 5,426 | 0.8

CyE |Culleoka loam, 25 to 35 percent slopes, very stony-----------------------| 8,963 | 1.4

CyF |Culleoka loam, 35 to 55 percent slopes, very stony-----------------------| 34,539 | 5.3

DeC |Dekalb channery sandy loam, 3 to 15 percent slopes, very stony-----------| 1,808 | 0.3

DeE |Dekalb channery sandy loam, 15 to 35 percent slopes, very stony----------| 4,626 | 0.7

DeF |Dekalb channery sandy loam, 35 to 55 percent slopes, very stony----------| 6,789 | 1.0

DhC |Dekalb-Hazleton complex, 3 to 15 percent slopes, very stony--------------| 246 | *

DhE |Dekalb-Hazleton complex, 15 to 35 percent slopes, very stony-------------| 1,475 | 0.2

DhF |Dekalb-Hazleton complex, 35 to 55 percent slopes, very stony-------------| 1,814 | 0.3

DkF |Dekalb-Rock outcrop complex, 35 to 80 percent slopes, extremely stony----| 2,332 | 0.4

Du |Dunning silty clay loam, karst-------------------------------------------| 1,316 | 0.2

ElF |Elliber extremely channery silt loam, 35 to 55 percent slopes------------| 2,629 | 0.4

ErB |Ernest silt loam, 3 to 8 percent slopes----------------------------------| 3,367 | 0.5

EsC |Ernest silt loam, 3 to 15 percent slopes, extremely stony----------------| 1,284 | 0.2

FaE |Faywood silt loam, 15 to 35 percent slopes, very rocky-------------------| 86 | *

FaF |Faywood silt loam, 35 to 55 percent slopes, very rocky-------------------| 580 | *

FkB |Frankstown silt loam, karst, 3 to 8 percent slopes-----------------------| 5,013 | 0.8

FkC |Frankstown silt loam, karst, 8 to 15 percent slopes----------------------| 5,197 | 0.8

FkD |Frankstown silt loam, karst, 15 to 25 percent slopes---------------------| 1,665 | 0.3

FoC |Frankstown silt loam, karst, 3 to 15 percent slopes, very rocky----------| 862 | 0.1

FoE |Frankstown silt loam, karst, 15 to 35 percent slopes, very rocky---------| 2,469 | 0.4

FrB |Frederick silt loam, karst, 3 to 8 percent slopes------------------------| 5,498 | 0.8

FrC |Frederick silt loam, karst, 8 to 15 percent slopes-----------------------| 9,227 | 1.4

FrD |Frederick silt loam, karst, 15 to 25 percent slopes----------------------| 3,096 | 0.5

FyC |Frederick-Caneyville complex, karst, 3 to 15 percent slopes, very rocky--| 10,063 | 1.5

FyE |Frederick-Caneyville complex, karst, 15 to 35 percent slopes, very rocky-| 25,100 | 3.8

GaC |Gauley channery sandy loam, 3 to 15 percent slopes, extremely stony------| 936 | 0.1

GaE |Gauley channery sandy loam, 15 to 35 percent slopes, extremely stony-----| 70 | *

GnC |Gilpin channery silt loam, 8 to 15 percent slopes------------------------| 2,351 | 0.4

GnD |Gilpin channery silt loam, 15 to 25 percent slopes-----------------------| 801 | 0.1

 | | |

 See footnote at end of table.
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

365

Table 4.--Acreage and Proportionate Extent of the Soils--Continued

_______________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | |

 Map | Soil name | Acres |Percent

symbol | | |

_______|_________________________________________________________________________|____________|________

 | | |

GpC |Gilpin channery silt loam, 3 to 15 percent slopes, very stony------------| 7,662 | 1.2

GpE |Gilpin channery silt loam, 15 to 35 percent slopes, very stony-----------| 9,142 | 1.4

Ho |Holly silt loam----------------------------------------------------------| 294 | *

KxF |Kaymine-Rock outcrop complex, very steep---------------------------------| 6,828 | 1.0

LcC |Leatherbark silt loam, 0 to 15 percent slopes, very stony----------------| 313 | *

LgB |Lily sandy loam, 3 to 8 percent slopes-----------------------------------| 10,884 | 1.7

LgC |Lily sandy loam, 8 to 15 percent slopes----------------------------------| 13,124 | 2.0

LhE |Lily sandy loam, 15 to 35 percent slopes, very stony---------------------| 3,883 | 0.6

Lo |Lobdell silt loam--------------------------------------------------------| 1,198 | 0.2

MaB |Macove channery silt loam, 3 to 8 percent slopes-------------------------| 229 | *

MaC |Macove channery silt loam, 8 to 15 percent slopes------------------------| 3,137 | 0.5

MaD |Macove channery silt loam, 15 to 25 percent slopes-----------------------| 134 | *

McC |Macove channery silt loam, 3 to 15 percent slopes, very stony------------| 13,812 | 2.1

McE |Macove channery silt loam, 15 to 35 percent slopes, very stony-----------| 19,641 | 3.0

MeF |Macove-Gilpin complex, 35 to 55 percent slopes, very stony---------------| 40,917 | 6.2

MkC |Mandy channery silt loam, 3 to 15 percent slopes, very stony-------------| 9,652 | 1.5

MkE |Mandy channery silt loam, 15 to 35 percent slopes, very stony------------| 13,057 | 2.0

MkF |Mandy channery silt loam, 35 to 55 percent slopes, very stony------------| 25,860 | 3.9

MkG |Mandy channery silt loam, 55 to 80 percent slopes, very stony------------| 266 | *

Ml |Melvin-Lindside complex--------------------------------------------------| 10,688 | 1.6

MzC |Mertz channery silt loam, 8 to 15 percent slopes, very stony-------------| 1,925 | 0.3

MzE |Mertz channery silt loam, 15 to 35 percent slopes, very stony------------| 1,795 | 0.3

No |Nolin silt loam----------------------------------------------------------| 713 | 0.1

Ph |Philo silt loam----------------------------------------------------------| 542 | *

Po |Pope fine sandy loam-----------------------------------------------------| 1,182 | 0.2

Pt |Potomac very gravelly fine sandy loam------------------------------------| 950 | 0.1

PuA |Purdy silt loam, 0 to 3 percent slopes-----------------------------------| 440 | *

Qu |Quarry, limestone--------------------------------------------------------| 438 | *

Se |Sensabaugh loam----------------------------------------------------------| 1,282 | 0.2

SfB |Shouns channery silt loam, 3 to 8 percent slopes-------------------------| 982 | 0.1

SfC |Shouns channery silt loam, 8 to 15 percent slopes------------------------| 1,922 | 0.3

ShC |Shouns channery silt loam, 3 to 15 percent slopes, extremely stony-------| 2,875 | 0.4

ShE |Shouns channery silt loam, 15 to 35 percent slopes, extremely stony------| 6,319 | 1.0

ShF |Shouns channery silt loam, 35 to 55 percent slopes, extremely stony------| 983 | 0.1

SmC |Simoda silt loam, 3 to 15 percent slopes, very stony---------------------| 1,096 | 0.2

SoC |Snowdog silt loam, 3 to 15 percent slopes, extremely stony---------------| 2,474 | 0.4

SoE |Snowdog silt loam, 15 to 35 percent slopes, extremely stony--------------| 15,619 | 2.4

SoF |Snowdog silt loam, 35 to 55 percent slopes, extremely stony--------------| 1,621 | 0.2

SvC |Summers very channery sandy loam, 0 to 15 percent slopes, very stony-----| 2,618 | 0.4

Tp |Tioga-Potomac complex----------------------------------------------------| 2,587 | 0.4

TrC |Trussel silt loam, 3 to 15 percent slopes, very stony--------------------| 300 | *

Uf |Udifluvents-Fluvaquents complex------------------------------------------| 1,102 | 0.2

Ux |Udorthents, smoothed-Rock outcrop complex--------------------------------| 2,053 | 0.3

W |Water--------------------------------------------------------------------| 2,827 | 0.4

WeC |Weikert channery silt loam, 8 to 15 percent slopes-----------------------| 1,509 | 0.2

WeD |Weikert channery silt loam, 15 to 25 percent slopes----------------------| 5,698 | 0.9

WeF |Weikert channery silt loam, 25 to 55 percent slopes----------------------| 42,375 | 6.5

WrG |Weikert-Berks-Rough complex, 55 to 80 percent slopes, very stony---------| 492 | *

ZoA |Zoar silt loam, 0 to 3 percent slopes------------------------------------| 4,804 | 0.7

 | |____________|________

 | Total---------------------------------------------------------------| 655,800 | 100.0

_______|_________________________________________________________________________|____________|________

 * Less than 0.1 percent.
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

366

Table 5.--Land Capability and Yields Per Acre of Crops and Pasture

(Yields are those that can be expected under a high level of management. They are for nonirrigated

 areas. Absence of a yield indicates that the soil is not suited to the crop or the crop generally

 is not grown on the soil.)

_______________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | | |

 Map symbol | Land | Corn |Grass-legume| Kentucky | Pasture | Tobacco

 and soil name | capability | | hay | bluegrass | |

_________________________|____________|____________|____________|____________|____________|____________

 | | Bu | Tons | AUM | AUM | Lbs

 | | | | | |

AlB: | | 115.00 | 3.50 | 5.00 | 7.00 | ---

 Allegheny---------------| 2e | | | | |

 | | | | | |

AlC: | | 110.00 | 3.50 | 4.50 | 7.00 | 2,750

 Allegheny---------------| 3e | | | | |

 | | | | | |

An: | | 80.00 | 3.00 | 4.50 | 5.50 | ---

 Atkins------------------| 3w | | | | |

 Philo-------------------| 2w | | | | |

 Potomac-----------------| 5s | | | | |

 | | | | | |

BaE: | | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---

 Belmont-----------------| 7s | | | | |

 | | | | | |

BcC: | | --- | --- | 4.00 | --- | ---

 Berks-------------------| 6s | | | | |

 | | | | | |

BcE: | | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---

 Berks-------------------| 7s | | | | |

 | | | | | |

BcF: | | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---

 Berks-------------------| 7s | | | | |

 | | | | | |

BkG: | | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---

 Berks-------------------| 7s | | | | |

 Weikert-----------------| 7s | | | | |

 Calvin------------------| 7s | | | | |

 | | | | | |

BlC: | | --- | --- | 2.50 | --- | ---

 Berks-------------------| 6s | | | | |

 Dekalb------------------| 6s | | | | |

 | | | | | |

BlE: | | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---

 Berks-------------------| 7s | | | | |

 Dekalb------------------| 7s | | | | |

 | | | | | |

BlF: | | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---

 Berks-------------------| 7s | | | | |

 Dekalb------------------| 7s | | | | |

 | | | | | |

BrE: | | --- | --- | --- | 5.50 | ---

 Berks-------------------| 7s | | | | |

 Weikert-----------------| 7s | | | | |

 | | | | | |

BrF: | | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---

 Berks-------------------| 7s | | | | |

 Weikert-----------------| 7s | | | | |

 | | | | | |

BtC: | | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---

 Blackthorn--------------| 7s | | | | |

 | | | | | |

BtE: | | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---

 Blackthorn--------------| 7s | | | | |

 | | | | | |
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

367

Table 5.--Land Capability and Yields Per Acre of Crops and Pasture--Continued

_______________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | | |

 Map symbol | Land | Corn |Grass-legume| Kentucky | Pasture | Tobacco

 and soil name | capability | | hay | bluegrass | |

_________________________|____________|____________|____________|____________|____________|____________

 | | Bu | Tons | AUM | AUM | Lbs

 | | | | | |

BxF: | | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---

 Briery------------------| 7s | | | | |

 Rock outcrop------------| 8s | | | | |

 | | | | | |

CbC: | | --- | --- | 2.50 | --- | ---

 Calvin------------------| 6s | | | | |

 Dekalb------------------| 6s | | | | |

 Berks-------------------| 6s | | | | |

 | | | | | |

CbE: | | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---

 Calvin------------------| 7s | | | | |

 Dekalb------------------| 7s | | | | |

 Berks-------------------| 7s | | | | |

 | | | | | |

CbF: | | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---

 Calvin------------------| 7s | | | | |

 Dekalb------------------| 7s | | | | |

 Berks-------------------| 7s | | | | |

 | | | | | |

CeF: | | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---

 Caneyville--------------| 7s | | | | |

 Frederick---------------| 7s | | | | |

 Rock outcrop------------| 8s | | | | |

 | | | | | |

CfB: | | 95.00 | 3.50 | 4.50 | --- | ---

 Cateache----------------| 2e | | | | |

 | | | | | |

CfC: | | 90.00 | 3.00 | 4.50 | --- | ---

 Cateache----------------| 3e | | | | |

 | | | | | |

CfD: | | 85.00 | 2.50 | 4.00 | --- | ---

 Cateache----------------| 4e | | | | |

 | | | | | |

CfE: | | --- | --- | 4.00 | --- | ---

 Cateache----------------| 6e | | | | |

 | | | | | |

CfF: | | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---

 Cateache----------------| 7e | | | | |

 | | | | | |

CgC: | | --- | --- | 3.00 | --- | ---

 Cateache----------------| 6s | | | | |

 | | | | | |

CgE: | | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---

 Cateache----------------| 7s | | | | |

 | | | | | |

CgF: | | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---

 Cateache----------------| 7s | | | | |

 | | | | | |

Ch: | | 120.00 | 4.00 | 5.00 | 7.00 | 2,000

 Chavies-----------------| 1 | | | | |

 | | | | | |

CpB: | | 100.00 | 3.00 | 4.50 | --- | ---

 Cookport----------------| 2e | | | | |

 | | | | | |

CuB: | | 110.00 | 4.00 | 4.50 | 8.00 | 2,800

 Culleoka----------------| 2e | | | | |

 | | | | | |

CuC: | | 100.00 | 3.50 | 4.50 | 7.00 | 2,600

 Culleoka----------------| 3e | | | | |

 | | | | | |

CuD: | | 90.00 | 2.50 | 4.00 | 5.00 | ---

 Culleoka----------------| 4e | | | | |

 | | | | | |
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

368

Table 5.--Land Capability and Yields Per Acre of Crops and Pasture--Continued

_______________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | | |

 Map symbol | Land | Corn |Grass-legume| Kentucky | Pasture | Tobacco

 and soil name | capability | | hay | bluegrass | |

_________________________|____________|____________|____________|____________|____________|____________

 | | Bu | Tons | AUM | AUM | Lbs

 | | | | | |

CyE: | | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---

 Culleoka----------------| 6e | | | | |

 | | | | | |

CyF: | | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---

 Culleoka----------------| 7e | | | | |

 | | | | | |

DeC: | | --- | --- | 2.50 | --- | ---

 Dekalb------------------| 6s | | | | |

 | | | | | |

DeE: | | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---

 Dekalb------------------| 7s | | | | |

 | | | | | |

DeF: | | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---

 Dekalb------------------| 7s | | | | |

 | | | | | |

DhC: | | --- | --- | 2.50 | --- | ---

 Dekalb------------------| 6s | | | | |

 Hazleton----------------| 6s | | | | |

 | | | | | |

DhE: | | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---

 Dekalb------------------| 7s | | | | |

 Hazleton----------------| 7s | | | | |

 | | | | | |

DhF: | | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---

 Dekalb------------------| 7s | | | | |

 Hazleton----------------| 7s | | | | |

 | | | | | |

DkF: | | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---

 Dekalb------------------| 7s | | | | |

 Rock outcrop------------| 8s | | | | |

 | | | | | |

Du: | | 120.00 | 4.00 | 3.50 | 8.00 | ---

 Dunning-----------------| 3w | | | | |

 | | | | | |

ElF: | | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---

 Elliber-----------------| 7s | | | | |

 | | | | | |

ErB: | | 100.00 | 3.00 | 4.50 | 6.50 | ---

 Ernest------------------| 2e | | | | |

 | | | | | |

EsC: | | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---

 Ernest------------------| 7s | | | | |

 | | | | | |

FaE: | | --- | --- | 3.00 | 5.50 | ---

 Faywood-----------------| 6s | | | | |

 | | | | | |

FaF: | | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---

 Faywood-----------------| 7s | | | | |

 | | | | | |

FkB: | | 125.00 | 3.50 | 5.50 | --- | ---

 Frankstown--------------| 2e | | | | |

 | | | | | |

FkC: | | 120.00 | 3.50 | 5.50 | --- | ---

 Frankstown--------------| 3e | | | | |

 | | | | | |

FkD: | | 110.00 | 3.00 | 4.50 | --- | ---

 Frankstown--------------| 4e | | | | |

 | | | | | |

FoC: | | --- | --- | 5.50 | --- | ---

 Frankstown--------------| 6s | | | | |

 | | | | | |

FoE: | | 110.00 | 3.00 | 4.50 | --- | ---

 Frankstown--------------| 7s | | | | |

 | | | | | |
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

369

Table 5.--Land Capability and Yields Per Acre of Crops and Pasture--Continued

_______________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | | |

 Map symbol | Land | Corn |Grass-legume| Kentucky | Pasture | Tobacco

 and soil name | capability | | hay | bluegrass | |

_________________________|____________|____________|____________|____________|____________|____________

 | | Bu | Tons | AUM | AUM | Lbs

 | | | | | |

FrB: | | 105.00 | 3.50 | 5.50 | 8.30 | ---

 Frederick---------------| 2e | | | | |

 | | | | | |

FrC: | | 100.00 | 3.00 | 5.50 | 8.00 | ---

 Frederick---------------| 3e | | | | |

 | | | | | |

FrD: | | 100.00 | 3.00 | 4.50 | 8.00 | ---

 Frederick---------------| 4e | | | | |

 | | | | | |

FyC: | | --- | --- | 4.00 | 8.00 | ---

 Frederick---------------| 6s | | | | |

 Caneyville--------------| 6s | | | | |

 | | | | | |

FyE: | | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---

 Frederick---------------| 7s | | | | |

 Caneyville--------------| 7s | | | | |

 | | | | | |

GaC: | | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---

 Gauley------------------| 7s | | | | |

 | | | | | |

GaE: | | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---

 Gauley------------------| 7s | | | | |

 | | | | | |

GnC: | | 85.00 | 3.00 | 4.50 | 7.00 | ---

 Gilpin------------------| 3e | | | | |

 | | | | | |

GnD: | | 80.00 | 2.50 | 4.00 | 6.00 | ---

 Gilpin------------------| 4e | | | | |

 | | | | | |

GpC: | | --- | --- | 3.50 | 3.00 | ---

 Gilpin------------------| 6s | | | | |

 | | | | | |

GpE: | | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---

 Gilpin------------------| 7s | | | | |

 | | | | | |

Ho: | | 100.00 | 3.00 | 4.50 | --- | ---

 Holly-------------------| 3w | | | | |

 | | | | | |

KxF: | | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---

 Kaymine-----------------| 7s | | | | |

 Rock outcrop------------| 8s | | | | |

 | | | | | |

LcC: | | --- | --- | 2.50 | --- | ---

 Leatherbark-------------| 6s | | | | |

 | | | | | |

LgB: | | 95.00 | 3.50 | 4.50 | 7.00 | 2,700

 Lily--------------------| 2e | | | | |

 | | | | | |

LgC: | | 85.00 | 3.00 | 4.00 | 6.00 | 2,400

 Lily--------------------| 3e | | | | |

 | | | | | |

LhE: | | --- | --- | 3.50 | 4.50 | ---

 Lily--------------------| 6s | | | | |

 | | | | | |

Lo: | | 120.00 | 3.50 | 5.00 | --- | ---

 Lobdell-----------------| 2w | | | | |

 | | | | | |

MaB: | | 90.00 | 3.00 | 4.50 | 4.00 | ---

 Macove------------------| 2e | | | | |

 | | | | | |

MaC: | | 85.00 | 3.00 | 4.00 | 4.00 | ---

 Macove------------------| 3e | | | | |

 | | | | | |
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

370

Table 5.--Land Capability and Yields Per Acre of Crops and Pasture--Continued

_______________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | | |

 Map symbol | Land | Corn |Grass-legume| Kentucky | Pasture | Tobacco

 and soil name | capability | | hay | bluegrass | |

_________________________|____________|____________|____________|____________|____________|____________

 | | Bu | Tons | AUM | AUM | Lbs

 | | | | | |

MaD: | | 75.00 | 3.00 | 3.50 | 3.50 | ---

 Macove------------------| 4e | | | | |

 | | | | | |

McC: | | --- | --- | 3.50 | --- | ---

 Macove------------------| 6s | | | | |

 | | | | | |

McE: | | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---

 Macove------------------| 7s | | | | |

 | | | | | |

MeF: | | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---

 Macove------------------| 7s | | | | |

 Gilpin------------------| 7s | | | | |

 | | | | | |

MkC: | | --- | --- | 2.00 | --- | ---

 Mandy-------------------| 6s | | | | |

 | | | | | |

MkE: | | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---

 Mandy-------------------| 7s | | | | |

 | | | | | |

MkF: | | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---

 Mandy-------------------| 7s | | | | |

 | | | | | |

MkG: | | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---

 Mandy-------------------| 7s | | | | |

 | | | | | |

Ml: | | 80.00 | 3.50 | 4.50 | 7.00 | ---

 Melvin------------------| 3w | | | | |

 Lindside----------------| 2w | | | | |

 | | | | | |

MzC: | | --- | --- | 4.00 | --- | ---

 Mertz-------------------| 6s | | | | |

 | | | | | |

MzE: | | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---

 Mertz-------------------| 7s | | | | |

 | | | | | |

No: | | 115.00 | 4.00 | 5.50 | 9.00 | 2,700

 Nolin-------------------| 2w | | | | |

 | | | | | |

Ph: | | 110.00 | 3.50 | 5.00 | 8.50 | ---

 Philo-------------------| 2w | | | | |

 | | | | | |

Po: | | 130.00 | 4.00 | 5.50 | 8.00 | 3,000

 Pope--------------------| 2w | | | | |

 | | | | | |

Pt: | | --- | 2.00 | 3.00 | --- | ---

 Potomac-----------------| 5s | | | | |

 | | | | | |

PuA: | | 80.00 | 2.50 | 3.00 | --- | ---

 Purdy-------------------| 4w | | | | |

 | | | | | |

Qu: | | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---

 Quarry------------------| 8s | | | | |

 | | | | | |

Se: | | 105.00 | 3.50 | 5.00 | 7.00 | 2,100

 Sensabaugh--------------| 2w | | | | |

 | | | | | |

SfB: | | 120.00 | 4.00 | 5.50 | 6.50 | 2,200

 Shouns------------------| 2e | | | | |

 | | | | | |

SfC: | | 115.00 | 3.50 | 5.00 | 6.50 | 2,200

 Shouns------------------| 3e | | | | |

 | | | | | |

ShC: | | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---

 Shouns------------------| 7s | | | | |

 | | | | | |
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

371

Table 5.--Land Capability and Yields Per Acre of Crops and Pasture--Continued

_______________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | | |

 Map symbol | Land | Corn |Grass-legume| Kentucky | Pasture | Tobacco

 and soil name | capability | | hay | bluegrass | |

_________________________|____________|____________|____________|____________|____________|____________

 | | Bu | Tons | AUM | AUM | Lbs

 | | | | | |

ShE: | | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---

 Shouns------------------| 7s | | | | |

 | | | | | |

ShF: | | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---

 Shouns------------------| 7s | | | | |

 | | | | | |

SmC: | | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---

 Simoda------------------| 7s | | | | |

 | | | | | |

SoC: | | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---

 Snowdog-----------------| 6s | | | | |

 | | | | | |

SoE: | | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---

 Snowdog-----------------| 7s | | | | |

 | | | | | |

SoF: | | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---

 Snowdog-----------------| 7s | | | | |

 | | | | | |

SvC: | | --- | --- | 2.00 | 4.00 | ---

 Summers-----------------| 6s | | | | |

 | | | | | |

Tp: | | 120.00 | 4.00 | 5.00 | 8.50 | ---

 Tioga-------------------| 2w | | | | |

 Potomac-----------------| 5s | | | | |

 | | | | | |

TrC: | | --- | --- | 2.00 | --- | ---

 Trussel-----------------| 6s | | | | |

 | | | | | |

Uf: | | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---

 Udifluvents-------------| --- | | | | |

 Fluvaquents-------------| --- | | | | |

 | | | | | |

Ux: | | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---

 Udorthents--------------| --- | | | | |

 Rock outcrop------------| --- | | | | |

 | | | | | |

WeC: | | 60.00 | 2.00 | 3.00 | 4.00 | ---

 Weikert-----------------| 4e | | | | |

 | | | | | |

WeD: | | --- | --- | 2.00 | --- | ---

 Weikert-----------------| 6e | | | | |

 | | | | | |

WeF: | | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---

 Weikert-----------------| 7e | | | | |

 | | | | | |

WrG: | | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---

 Weikert-----------------| 7s | | | | |

 Berks-------------------| 7s | | | | |

 Rough-------------------| 7s | | | | |

 | | | | | |

ZoA: | | 90.00 | 3.00 | 4.50 | --- | ---

 Zoar--------------------| 2w | | | | |

_________________________|____________|____________|____________|____________|____________|____________
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

372

___________________________________________

 | |

 Capability | Capability | Acreage

 class | subclass |

______________|______________|______________

 | |

 Unclassified | --- | 5,659

 1 | --- | 2,246

 2 | e | 25,978

 2 | w | 14,512

 3 | e | 40,390

 3 | w | 8,731

 4 | e | 15,122

 4 | w | 352

 5 | s | 2,810

 6 | e | 14,927

 6 | s | 52,357

 7 | e | 61,925

 7 | s | 279,119

 8 | s | 6,155

______________|______________|______________

Table 7.--Prime Farmland

(Only the soils considered prime farmland are listed. Urban

 or built-up areas of the soils listed are not considered

 prime farmland.)

_______________________________________________________________

 |

 Map | Map unit name

 symbol |

_________|_____________________________________________________

 |

 AlB | Allegheny loam, 3 to 8 percent slopes

 CfB | Cateache silt loam, 3 to 8 percent slopes

 Ch | Chavies fine sandy loam

 CpB | Cookport loam, 3 to 8 percent slopes

 CuB | Culleoka loam, 3 to 8 percent slopes

 FrB | Frederick silt loam, karst, 3 to 8 percent slopes

 LgB | Lily sandy loam, 3 to 8 percent slopes

 Lo | Lobdell silt loam

 MaB | Macove channery silt loam, 3 to 8 percent slopes

 No | Nolin silt loam

 Ph | Philo silt loam

 Po | Pope fine sandy loam

 Se | Sensabaugh loam

 SfB | Shouns channery silt loam, 3 to 8 percent slopes

 Tp | Tioga-Potomac complex

 ZoA | Zoar silt loam, 0 to 3 percent slopes

_________|_____________________________________________________

Table 6.--Capability Class and Subclass
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

373

Table 8a.--Agricultural Waste Management

(The information in this table indicates the dominant soil condition but does

 not eliminate the need for onsite investigation. The numbers in the

 value columns range from 0.01 to 1.00. The larger the value, the greater

 the limitation. See text for further explanation of ratings in this

 table.)

______________________________________________________________________________

 | | |

 | | Application of | Application

 Map symbol |Pct.| manure and food- | of sewage sludge

 and soil name | of | processing waste |

 |map |_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | |

AlB: | | | | |

 Allegheny-----------| 90 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Filtering |0.99 | Low adsorption |1.00

 | | capacity | | Too acid |1.00

 | | Too acid |0.86 | Filtering |0.99

 | | | | capacity |

 | | | | |

AlC: | | | | |

 Allegheny-----------| 90 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Filtering |0.99 | Low adsorption |1.00

 | | capacity | | Too acid |1.00

 | | Too acid |0.86 | Filtering |0.99

 | | Slope |0.63 | capacity |

 | | | | |

An: | | | | |

 Atkins--------------| 35 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00

 | | Too acid |0.50 | Too acid |0.99

 | | | | |

 Philo---------------| 30 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Filtering |0.99 | Flooding |1.00

 | | capacity | | Filtering |0.99

 | | Depth to |0.95 | capacity |

 | | saturated zone | | Depth to |0.95

 | | Flooding |0.60 | saturated zone |

 | | | | |

 Potomac-------------| 20 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00

 | | Filtering |0.99 | Filtering |0.99

 | | capacity | | capacity |

 | | Droughty |0.89 | Droughty |0.89

 | | | | |

BaE: | | | | |

 Belmont-------------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Low adsorption |1.00

 | | Filtering |0.99 | Too acid |1.00

 | | capacity | | Slope |1.00

 | | Too acid |0.94 | |

 | | | | |

BcC: | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 80 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Droughty |1.00 | Low adsorption |1.00

 | | Filtering |0.99 | Too acid |1.00

 | | capacity | | Droughty |1.00

 | | Too acid |0.94 | |

 | | | | |

BcE: | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Low adsorption |1.00

 | | Droughty |1.00 | Too acid |1.00

 | | Filtering |0.99 | Slope |1.00

 | | capacity | | |

 | | | | |
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

374

Table 8a.--Agricultural Waste Management--Continued

______________________________________________________________________________

 | | |

 | | Application of | Application

 Map symbol |Pct.| manure and food- | of sewage sludge

 and soil name | of | processing waste |

 |map |_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | |

BcF: | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Low adsorption |1.00

 | | Droughty |1.00 | Too acid |1.00

 | | Filtering |0.99 | Slope |1.00

 | | capacity | | |

 | | | | |

BkG: | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 35 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Low adsorption |1.00

 | | Droughty |1.00 | Too acid |1.00

 | | Filtering |0.99 | Slope |1.00

 | | capacity | | |

 | | | | |

 Weikert-------------| 25 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Droughty |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Droughty |1.00 | Low adsorption |1.00

 | | | | |

 Calvin--------------| 20 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Low adsorption |1.00

 | | Filtering |0.99 | Too acid |1.00

 | | capacity | | Slope |1.00

 | | Droughty |0.94 | |

 | | | | |

BlC: | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 60 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Droughty |1.00 | Low adsorption |1.00

 | | Filtering |0.99 | Too acid |1.00

 | | capacity | | Droughty |1.00

 | | Too acid |0.94 | |

 | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 30 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Droughty |1.00 | Low adsorption |1.00

 | | Filtering |0.99 | Too acid |1.00

 | | capacity | | Droughty |1.00

 | | Too acid |0.94 | |

 | | | | |

BlE: | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 55 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Low adsorption |1.00

 | | Droughty |1.00 | Too acid |1.00

 | | Filtering |0.99 | Slope |1.00

 | | capacity | | |

 | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 35 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Low adsorption |1.00

 | | Droughty |1.00 | Too acid |1.00

 | | Filtering |0.99 | Slope |1.00

 | | capacity | | |

 | | | | |

BlF: | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 45 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Low adsorption |1.00

 | | Droughty |1.00 | Too acid |1.00

 | | Filtering |0.99 | Slope |1.00

 | | capacity | | |

 | | | | |
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

375

Table 8a.--Agricultural Waste Management--Continued

______________________________________________________________________________

 | | |

 | | Application of | Application

 Map symbol |Pct.| manure and food- | of sewage sludge

 and soil name | of | processing waste |

 |map |_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | |

BlF: | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 40 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Low adsorption |1.00

 | | Droughty |1.00 | Too acid |1.00

 | | Filtering |0.99 | Slope |1.00

 | | capacity | | |

 | | | | |

BrE: | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 50 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Low adsorption |1.00

 | | Droughty |1.00 | Too acid |1.00

 | | Filtering |0.99 | Slope |1.00

 | | capacity | | |

 | | | | |

 Weikert-------------| 35 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Droughty |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Droughty |1.00 | Low adsorption |1.00

 | | | | |

BrF: | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 50 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Low adsorption |1.00

 | | Droughty |1.00 | Too acid |1.00

 | | Filtering |0.99 | Slope |1.00

 | | capacity | | |

 | | | | |

 Weikert-------------| 35 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Droughty |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Droughty |1.00 | Low adsorption |1.00

 | | | | |

BtC: | | | | |

 Blackthorn----------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Large stones on |1.00 | Low adsorption |1.00

 | | the surface | | Large stones on |1.00

 | | Large stones |1.00 | the surface |

 | | content | | Too acid |1.00

 | | Filtering |0.99 | |

 | | capacity | | |

 | | | | |

BtE: | | | | |

 Blackthorn----------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Low adsorption |1.00

 | | Large stones on |1.00 | Large stones on |1.00

 | | the surface | | the surface |

 | | Large stones |1.00 | Too acid |1.00

 | | content | | |

 | | | | |

BxF: | | | | |

 Briery--------------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Large stones |0.53 | Cobble content |0.08

 | | content | | |

 | | Cobble content |0.08 | |

 | | | | |

 Rock outcrop--------| 15 |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | |
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

376

Table 8a.--Agricultural Waste Management--Continued

______________________________________________________________________________

 | | |

 | | Application of | Application

 Map symbol |Pct.| manure and food- | of sewage sludge

 and soil name | of | processing waste |

 |map |_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | |

CbC: | | | | |

 Calvin--------------| 45 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Filtering |0.99 | Low adsorption |1.00

 | | capacity | | Too acid |1.00

 | | Droughty |0.94 | Filtering |0.99

 | | Large stones on |0.92 | capacity |

 | | the surface | | |

 | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 25 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Droughty |1.00 | Low adsorption |1.00

 | | Filtering |0.99 | Too acid |1.00

 | | capacity | | Droughty |1.00

 | | Too acid |0.94 | |

 | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 20 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Droughty |1.00 | Low adsorption |1.00

 | | Filtering |0.99 | Too acid |1.00

 | | capacity | | Droughty |1.00

 | | Too acid |0.94 | |

 | | | | |

CbE: | | | | |

 Calvin--------------| 35 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Low adsorption |1.00

 | | Filtering |0.99 | Too acid |1.00

 | | capacity | | Slope |1.00

 | | Droughty |0.94 | |

 | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 30 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Low adsorption |1.00

 | | Droughty |1.00 | Too acid |1.00

 | | Filtering |0.99 | Slope |1.00

 | | capacity | | |

 | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 20 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Low adsorption |1.00

 | | Droughty |1.00 | Too acid |1.00

 | | Filtering |0.99 | Slope |1.00

 | | capacity | | |

 | | | | |

CbF: | | | | |

 Calvin--------------| 35 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Low adsorption |1.00

 | | Filtering |0.99 | Too acid |1.00

 | | capacity | | Slope |1.00

 | | Droughty |0.94 | |

 | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 25 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Low adsorption |1.00

 | | Droughty |1.00 | Too acid |1.00

 | | Filtering |0.99 | Slope |1.00

 | | capacity | | |

 | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 20 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Low adsorption |1.00

 | | Droughty |1.00 | Too acid |1.00

 | | Filtering |0.99 | Slope |1.00

 | | capacity | | |

 | | | | |
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

377

Table 8a.--Agricultural Waste Management--Continued

______________________________________________________________________________

 | | |

 | | Application of | Application

 Map symbol |Pct.| manure and food- | of sewage sludge

 and soil name | of | processing waste |

 |map |_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | |

CeF: | | | | |

 Caneyville----------| 40 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Droughty |0.87 | Droughty |0.87

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.46 | Depth to bedrock |0.46

 | | | | |

 Frederick-----------| 30 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Too acid |0.05 | Too acid |0.21

 | | | | |

 Rock outcrop--------| 20 |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | |

CfB: | | | | |

 Cateache------------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Filtering |0.99 | Low adsorption |1.00

 | | capacity | | Too acid |1.00

 | | Too acid |0.86 | Filtering |0.99

 | | Droughty |0.71 | capacity |

 | | | | |

CfC: | | | | |

 Cateache------------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Filtering |0.99 | Low adsorption |1.00

 | | capacity | | Too acid |1.00

 | | Too acid |0.86 | Filtering |0.99

 | | Droughty |0.71 | capacity |

 | | | | |

CfD: | | | | |

 Cateache------------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Low adsorption |1.00

 | | Filtering |0.99 | Too acid |1.00

 | | capacity | | Slope |1.00

 | | Too acid |0.86 | |

 | | | | |

CfE: | | | | |

 Cateache------------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Low adsorption |1.00

 | | Filtering |0.99 | Too acid |1.00

 | | capacity | | Slope |1.00

 | | Too acid |0.86 | |

 | | | | |

CfF: | | | | |

 Cateache------------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Low adsorption |1.00

 | | Filtering |0.99 | Too acid |1.00

 | | capacity | | Slope |1.00

 | | Too acid |0.86 | |

 | | | | |

CgC: | | | | |

 Cateache------------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Filtering |0.99 | Low adsorption |1.00

 | | capacity | | Too acid |1.00

 | | Too acid |0.86 | Filtering |0.99

 | | Droughty |0.71 | capacity |

 | | | | |

CgE: | | | | |

 Cateache------------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Low adsorption |1.00

 | | Filtering |0.99 | Too acid |1.00

 | | capacity | | Slope |1.00

 | | Too acid |0.86 | |

 | | | | |
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

378

Table 8a.--Agricultural Waste Management--Continued

______________________________________________________________________________

 | | |

 | | Application of | Application

 Map symbol |Pct.| manure and food- | of sewage sludge

 and soil name | of | processing waste |

 |map |_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | |

CgF: | | | | |

 Cateache------------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Low adsorption |1.00

 | | Filtering |0.99 | Too acid |1.00

 | | capacity | | Slope |1.00

 | | Too acid |0.86 | |

 | | | | |

Ch: | | | | |

 Chavies-------------| 85 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Too acid |0.08 | Flooding |0.40

 | | | | Too acid |0.31

 | | | | |

CpB: | | | | |

 Cookport------------| 80 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slow water |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | | movement | | saturated zone |

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Low adsorption |1.00

 | | saturated zone | | Too acid |1.00

 | | Filtering |0.99 | |

 | | capacity | | |

 | | | | |

CuB: | | | | |

 Culleoka------------| 90 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Filtering |0.99 | Low adsorption |1.00

 | | capacity | | Too acid |1.00

 | | Too acid |0.86 | Filtering |0.99

 | | Droughty |0.48 | capacity |

 | | | | |

CuC: | | | | |

 Culleoka------------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Filtering |0.99 | Low adsorption |1.00

 | | capacity | | Too acid |1.00

 | | Too acid |0.86 | Filtering |0.99

 | | Slope |0.63 | capacity |

 | | | | |

CuD: | | | | |

 Culleoka------------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Low adsorption |1.00

 | | Filtering |0.99 | Too acid |1.00

 | | capacity | | Slope |1.00

 | | Too acid |0.86 | |

 | | | | |

CyE: | | | | |

 Culleoka------------| 80 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Low adsorption |1.00

 | | Filtering |0.99 | Too acid |1.00

 | | capacity | | Slope |1.00

 | | Too acid |0.86 | |

 | | | | |

CyF: | | | | |

 Culleoka------------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Low adsorption |1.00

 | | Filtering |0.99 | Too acid |1.00

 | | capacity | | Slope |1.00

 | | Too acid |0.86 | |

 | | | | |
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

379

Table 8a.--Agricultural Waste Management--Continued

______________________________________________________________________________

 | | |

 | | Application of | Application

 Map symbol |Pct.| manure and food- | of sewage sludge

 and soil name | of | processing waste |

 |map |_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | |

DeC: | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Large stones |1.00 | Low adsorption |1.00

 | | content | | Too acid |1.00

 | | Droughty |1.00 | Droughty |1.00

 | | Filtering |0.99 | |

 | | capacity | | |

 | | | | |

DeE: | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Low adsorption |1.00

 | | Large stones |1.00 | Too acid |1.00

 | | content | | Slope |1.00

 | | Droughty |1.00 | |

 | | | | |

DeF: | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Low adsorption |1.00

 | | Large stones |1.00 | Too acid |1.00

 | | content | | Slope |1.00

 | | Droughty |1.00 | |

 | | | | |

DhC: | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 55 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Droughty |1.00 | Low adsorption |1.00

 | | Filtering |0.99 | Too acid |1.00

 | | capacity | | Droughty |1.00

 | | Too acid |0.94 | |

 | | | | |

 Hazleton------------| 35 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Filtering |0.99 | Low adsorption |1.00

 | | capacity | | Too acid |1.00

 | | Large stones on |0.92 | Filtering |0.99

 | | the surface | | |

 | | Too acid |0.86 | |

 | | | | |

DhE: | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 55 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Low adsorption |1.00

 | | Droughty |1.00 | Too acid |1.00

 | | Filtering |0.99 | Slope |1.00

 | | capacity | | |

 | | | | |

 Hazleton------------| 35 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Low adsorption |1.00

 | | Filtering |0.99 | Too acid |1.00

 | | capacity | | Slope |1.00

 | | Large stones on |0.92 | |

 | | the surface | | |

 | | | | |

DhF: | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 55 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Low adsorption |1.00

 | | Droughty |1.00 | Too acid |1.00

 | | Filtering |0.99 | Slope |1.00

 | | capacity | | |

 | | | | |
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

380

Table 8a.--Agricultural Waste Management--Continued

______________________________________________________________________________

 | | |

 | | Application of | Application

 Map symbol |Pct.| manure and food- | of sewage sludge

 and soil name | of | processing waste |

 |map |_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | |

DhF: | | | | |

 Hazleton------------| 35 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Low adsorption |1.00

 | | Filtering |0.99 | Too acid |1.00

 | | capacity | | Slope |1.00

 | | Large stones on |0.92 | |

 | | the surface | | |

 | | | | |

DkF: | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 45 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Low adsorption |1.00

 | | Large stones |1.00 | Too acid |1.00

 | | content | | Slope |1.00

 | | Droughty |1.00 | |

 | | | | |

 Rock outcrop--------| 40 |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | |

Du: | | | | |

 Dunning-------------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slow water |1.00 | Ponding |1.00

 | | movement | | Depth to |1.00

 | | Ponding |1.00 | saturated zone |

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Flooding |1.00

 | | saturated zone | | |

 | | | | |

ElF: | | | | |

 Elliber-------------| 80 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Low adsorption |1.00

 | | Filtering |0.99 | Too acid |1.00

 | | capacity | | Slope |1.00

 | | Too acid |0.86 | |

 | | | | |

ErB: | | | | |

 Ernest--------------| 80 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | Filtering |0.99 | Low adsorption |1.00

 | | capacity | | Too acid |1.00

 | | Too acid |0.86 | |

 | | | | |

EsC: | | | | |

 Ernest--------------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | Large stones |1.00 | Low adsorption |1.00

 | | content | | Too acid |1.00

 | | Filtering |0.99 | |

 | | capacity | | |

 | | | | |

FaE: | | | | |

 Faywood-------------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Low adsorption |1.00

 | | Slow water |0.81 | Slope |1.00

 | | movement | | Slow water |0.68

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.46 | movement |

 | | | | |
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

381

Table 8a.--Agricultural Waste Management--Continued

______________________________________________________________________________

 | | |

 | | Application of | Application

 Map symbol |Pct.| manure and food- | of sewage sludge

 and soil name | of | processing waste |

 |map |_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | |

FaF: | | | | |

 Faywood-------------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Low adsorption |1.00

 | | Slow water |0.81 | Slope |1.00

 | | movement | | Slow water |0.68

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.46 | movement |

 | | | | |

FkB: | | | | |

 Frankstown----------| 75 |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Too acid |0.18 | Low adsorption |1.00

 | | | | Too acid |0.67

 | | | | |

FkC: | | | | |

 Frankstown----------| 75 |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |0.63 | Low adsorption |1.00

 | | Too acid |0.18 | Too acid |0.67

 | | | | Slope |0.63

 | | | | |

FkD: | | | | |

 Frankstown----------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Low adsorption |1.00

 | | Too acid |0.18 | Slope |1.00

 | | | | Too acid |0.67

 | | | | |

FoC: | | | | |

 Frankstown----------| 75 |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Too acid |0.18 | Low adsorption |1.00

 | | Slope |0.04 | Too acid |0.67

 | | | | Slope |0.04

 | | | | |

FoE: | | | | |

 Frankstown----------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Low adsorption |1.00

 | | Too acid |0.18 | Slope |1.00

 | | | | Too acid |0.67

 | | | | |

FrB: | | | | |

 Frederick-----------| 80 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Too acid |0.05 | Too acid |0.21

 | | | | |

FrC: | | | | |

 Frederick-----------| 80 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Slope |0.63 | Slope |0.63

 | | Too acid |0.05 | Too acid |0.21

 | | | | |

FrD: | | | | |

 Frederick-----------| 80 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Too acid |0.05 | Too acid |0.21

 | | | | |

FyC: | | | | |

 Frederick-----------| 45 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Too acid |0.05 | Too acid |0.21

 | | Slope |0.04 | Slope |0.04

 | | | | |

 Caneyville----------| 35 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Droughty |0.87 | Droughty |0.87

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.46 | Depth to bedrock |0.46

 | | Slow water |0.41 | Slow water |0.31

 | | movement | | movement |

 | | | | |
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

382

Table 8a.--Agricultural Waste Management--Continued

______________________________________________________________________________

 | | |

 | | Application of | Application

 Map symbol |Pct.| manure and food- | of sewage sludge

 and soil name | of | processing waste |

 |map |_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | |

FyE: | | | | |

 Frederick-----------| 40 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Too acid |0.05 | Too acid |0.21

 | | | | |

 Caneyville----------| 40 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Droughty |0.87 | Droughty |0.87

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.46 | Depth to bedrock |0.46

 | | | | |

GaC: | | | | |

 Gauley--------------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Large stones on |1.00 | Low adsorption |1.00

 | | the surface | | Large stones on |1.00

 | | Large stones |1.00 | the surface |

 | | content | | Too acid |1.00

 | | Filtering |0.99 | |

 | | capacity | | |

 | | | | |

GaE: | | | | |

 Gauley--------------| 80 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Low adsorption |1.00

 | | Large stones on |1.00 | Large stones on |1.00

 | | the surface | | the surface |

 | | Large stones |1.00 | Too acid |1.00

 | | content | | |

 | | | | |

GnC: | | | | |

 Gilpin--------------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Filtering |0.99 | Low adsorption |1.00

 | | capacity | | Too acid |1.00

 | | Droughty |0.86 | Filtering |0.99

 | | Too acid |0.86 | capacity |

 | | | | |

GnD: | | | | |

 Gilpin--------------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Low adsorption |1.00

 | | Large stones on |1.00 | Large stones on |1.00

 | | the surface | | the surface |

 | | Filtering |0.99 | Too acid |1.00

 | | capacity | | |

 | | | | |

GpC: | | | | |

 Gilpin--------------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Large stones on |1.00 | Low adsorption |1.00

 | | the surface | | Large stones on |1.00

 | | Filtering |0.99 | the surface |

 | | capacity | | Too acid |1.00

 | | Cobble content |0.99 | |

 | | | | |

GpE: | | | | |

 Gilpin--------------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Low adsorption |1.00

 | | Large stones on |1.00 | Large stones on |1.00

 | | the surface | | the surface |

 | | Filtering |0.99 | Too acid |1.00

 | | capacity | | |

 | | | | |
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

383

Table 8a.--Agricultural Waste Management--Continued

______________________________________________________________________________

 | | |

 | | Application of | Application

 Map symbol |Pct.| manure and food- | of sewage sludge

 and soil name | of | processing waste |

 |map |_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | |

Ho: | | | | |

 Holly---------------| 90 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00

 | | Leaching |0.70 | |

 | | | | |

KxF: | | | | |

 Kaymine-------------| 70 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Cobble content |0.01 | Cobble content |0.01

 | | | | |

 Rock outcrop--------| 15 |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | |

LcC: | | | | |

 Leatherbark---------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | Filtering |0.99 | Low adsorption |1.00

 | | capacity | | Too acid |1.00

 | | Large stones on |0.92 | |

 | | the surface | | |

 | | | | |

LgB: | | | | |

 Lily----------------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Filtering |0.99 | Low adsorption |1.00

 | | capacity | | Too acid |1.00

 | | Too acid |0.89 | Filtering |0.99

 | | Droughty |0.60 | capacity |

 | | | | |

LgC: | | | | |

 Lily----------------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Filtering |0.99 | Low adsorption |1.00

 | | capacity | | Too acid |1.00

 | | Too acid |0.89 | Filtering |0.99

 | | Slope |0.63 | capacity |

 | | | | |

LhE: | | | | |

 Lily----------------| 80 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Low adsorption |1.00

 | | Filtering |0.99 | Too acid |1.00

 | | capacity | | Slope |1.00

 | | Too acid |0.89 | |

 | | | | |

Lo: | | | | |

 Lobdell-------------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | Flooding |0.60 | Flooding |1.00

 | | Too acid |0.02 | Too acid |0.07

 | | | | |

MaB: | | | | |

 Macove--------------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Filtering |0.99 | Low adsorption |1.00

 | | capacity | | Too acid |1.00

 | | Too acid |0.89 | Filtering |0.99

 | | | | capacity |

 | | | | |
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

384

Table 8a.--Agricultural Waste Management--Continued

______________________________________________________________________________

 | | |

 | | Application of | Application

 Map symbol |Pct.| manure and food- | of sewage sludge

 and soil name | of | processing waste |

 |map |_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | |

MaC: | | | | |

 Macove--------------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Filtering |0.99 | Low adsorption |1.00

 | | capacity | | Too acid |1.00

 | | Too acid |0.89 | Filtering |0.99

 | | Slope |0.63 | capacity |

 | | | | |

MaD: | | | | |

 Macove--------------| 80 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Low adsorption |1.00

 | | Filtering |0.99 | Too acid |1.00

 | | capacity | | Slope |1.00

 | | Too acid |0.89 | |

 | | | | |

McC: | | | | |

 Macove--------------| 80 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Filtering |0.99 | Low adsorption |1.00

 | | capacity | | Too acid |1.00

 | | Too acid |0.89 | Filtering |0.99

 | | Large stones |0.53 | capacity |

 | | content | | |

 | | | | |

McE: | | | | |

 Macove--------------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Low adsorption |1.00

 | | Filtering |0.99 | Too acid |1.00

 | | capacity | | Slope |1.00

 | | Too acid |0.89 | |

 | | | | |

MeF: | | | | |

 Macove--------------| 55 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Low adsorption |1.00

 | | Filtering |0.99 | Too acid |1.00

 | | capacity | | Slope |1.00

 | | Too acid |0.89 | |

 | | | | |

 Gilpin--------------| 30 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Low adsorption |1.00

 | | Large stones on |1.00 | Large stones on |1.00

 | | the surface | | the surface |

 | | Filtering |0.99 | Too acid |1.00

 | | capacity | | |

 | | | | |

MkC: | | | | |

 Mandy---------------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Droughty |1.00 | Low adsorption |1.00

 | | Filtering |0.99 | Too acid |1.00

 | | capacity | | Droughty |1.00

 | | Large stones on |0.92 | |

 | | the surface | | |

 | | | | |

MkE: | | | | |

 Mandy---------------| 80 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Low adsorption |1.00

 | | Droughty |1.00 | Too acid |1.00

 | | Filtering |0.99 | Slope |1.00

 | | capacity | | |

 | | | | |
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

385

Table 8a.--Agricultural Waste Management--Continued

______________________________________________________________________________

 | | |

 | | Application of | Application

 Map symbol |Pct.| manure and food- | of sewage sludge

 and soil name | of | processing waste |

 |map |_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | |

MkF: | | | | |

 Mandy---------------| 80 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Low adsorption |1.00

 | | Droughty |1.00 | Too acid |1.00

 | | Filtering |0.99 | Slope |1.00

 | | capacity | | |

 | | | | |

MkG: | | | | |

 Mandy---------------| 80 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Low adsorption |1.00

 | | Droughty |1.00 | Too acid |1.00

 | | Filtering |0.99 | Slope |1.00

 | | capacity | | |

 | | | | |

Ml: | | | | |

 Melvin--------------| 50 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00

 | | Runoff |0.40 | |

 | | | | |

 Lindside------------| 35 |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to |0.95 | Flooding |1.00

 | | saturated zone | | Depth to |0.95

 | | Flooding |0.60 | saturated zone |

 | | | | |

MzC: | | | | |

 Mertz---------------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Filtering |0.99 | Low adsorption |1.00

 | | capacity | | Too acid |1.00

 | | Large stones on |0.92 | Filtering |0.99

 | | the surface | | capacity |

 | | Too acid |0.86 | |

 | | | | |

MzE: | | | | |

 Mertz---------------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Low adsorption |1.00

 | | Filtering |0.99 | Too acid |1.00

 | | capacity | | Slope |1.00

 | | Large stones on |0.92 | |

 | | the surface | | |

 | | | | |

No: | | | | |

 Nolin---------------| 80 |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Flooding |0.60 | Flooding |1.00

 | | | | |

Ph: | | | | |

 Philo---------------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Filtering |0.99 | Flooding |1.00

 | | capacity | | Filtering |0.99

 | | Depth to |0.95 | capacity |

 | | saturated zone | | Depth to |0.95

 | | Flooding |0.60 | saturated zone |

 | | | | |

Po: | | | | |

 Pope----------------| 75 |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Too acid |0.73 | Flooding |1.00

 | | Flooding |0.60 | Too acid |1.00

 | | | | |
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

386

Table 8a.--Agricultural Waste Management--Continued

______________________________________________________________________________

 | | |

 | | Application of | Application

 Map symbol |Pct.| manure and food- | of sewage sludge

 and soil name | of | processing waste |

 |map |_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | |

Pt: | | | | |

 Potomac-------------| 80 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00

 | | Filtering |0.99 | Filtering |0.99

 | | capacity | | capacity |

 | | Droughty |0.89 | Droughty |0.89

 | | | | |

PuA: | | | | |

 Purdy---------------| 80 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slow water |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | | movement | | saturated zone |

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Slow water |1.00

 | | saturated zone | | movement |

 | | Too acid |0.73 | Too acid |1.00

 | | | | |

Qu: | | | | |

 Quarry--------------| 80 |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | |

Se: | | | | |

 Sensabaugh----------| 80 |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Flooding |0.60 | Flooding |1.00

 | | | | |

SfB: | | | | |

 Shouns--------------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Filtering |0.99 | Low adsorption |1.00

 | | capacity | | Too acid |1.00

 | | Too acid |0.86 | Filtering |0.99

 | | | | capacity |

 | | | | |

SfC: | | | | |

 Shouns--------------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Filtering |0.99 | Low adsorption |1.00

 | | capacity | | Too acid |1.00

 | | Too acid |0.86 | Filtering |0.99

 | | Slope |0.63 | capacity |

 | | | | |

ShC: | | | | |

 Shouns--------------| 80 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Large stones |1.00 | Low adsorption |1.00

 | | content | | Too acid |1.00

 | | Filtering |0.99 | Filtering |0.99

 | | capacity | | capacity |

 | | Too acid |0.86 | |

 | | | | |

ShE: | | | | |

 Shouns--------------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Low adsorption |1.00

 | | Large stones |1.00 | Too acid |1.00

 | | content | | Slope |1.00

 | | Filtering |0.99 | |

 | | capacity | | |

 | | | | |

ShF: | | | | |

 Shouns--------------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Low adsorption |1.00

 | | Large stones |1.00 | Too acid |1.00

 | | content | | Slope |1.00

 | | Filtering |0.99 | |

 | | capacity | | |

 | | | | |
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

387

Table 8a.--Agricultural Waste Management--Continued

______________________________________________________________________________

 | | |

 | | Application of | Application

 Map symbol |Pct.| manure and food- | of sewage sludge

 and soil name | of | processing waste |

 |map |_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | |

SmC: | | | | |

 Simoda--------------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slow water |1.00 | Low adsorption |1.00

 | | movement | | Too acid |1.00

 | | Large stones |1.00 | Slow water |1.00

 | | content | | movement |

 | | Filtering |0.99 | |

 | | capacity | | |

 | | | | |

SoC: | | | | |

 Snowdog-------------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Large stones on |1.00 | Low adsorption |1.00

 | | the surface | | Large stones on |1.00

 | | Large stones |1.00 | the surface |

 | | content | | Too acid |1.00

 | | Dense layer |1.00 | |

 | | | | |

SoE: | | | | |

 Snowdog-------------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Low adsorption |1.00

 | | Large stones on |1.00 | Large stones on |1.00

 | | the surface | | the surface |

 | | Large stones |1.00 | Too acid |1.00

 | | content | | |

 | | | | |

SoF: | | | | |

 Snowdog-------------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Low adsorption |1.00

 | | Large stones on |1.00 | Large stones on |1.00

 | | the surface | | the surface |

 | | Large stones |1.00 | Too acid |1.00

 | | content | | |

 | | | | |

SvC: | | | | |

 Summers-------------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Filtering |0.99 | Low adsorption |1.00

 | | capacity | | Too acid |1.00

 | | Droughty |0.99 | Filtering |0.99

 | | Large stones on |0.92 | capacity |

 | | the surface | | |

 | | | | |

Tp: | | | | |

 Tioga---------------| 55 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Filtering |0.99 | Flooding |1.00

 | | capacity | | Low adsorption |1.00

 | | Too acid |0.86 | Too acid |1.00

 | | Flooding |0.60 | |

 | | | | |

 Potomac-------------| 35 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00

 | | Filtering |0.99 | Filtering |0.99

 | | capacity | | capacity |

 | | Droughty |0.89 | Droughty |0.89

 | | | | |

TrC: | | | | |

 Trussel-------------| 80 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | Filtering |0.99 | Low adsorption |1.00

 | | capacity | | Too acid |1.00

 | | Too acid |0.89 | |
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

388

Table 8a.--Agricultural Waste Management--Continued

______________________________________________________________________________

 | | |

 | | Application of | Application

 Map symbol |Pct.| manure and food- | of sewage sludge

 and soil name | of | processing waste |

 |map |_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | |

Uf: | | | | |

 Udifluvents---------| 45 |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | |

 Fluvaquents---------| 35 |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | |

Ux: | | | | |

 Udorthents----------| 60 |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | |

 Rock outcrop--------| 35 |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | |

WeC: | | | | |

 Weikert-------------| 80 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Droughty |1.00

 | | Droughty |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Filtering |0.99 | Low adsorption |1.00

 | | capacity | | |

 | | | | |

WeD: | | | | |

 Weikert-------------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Droughty |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Droughty |1.00 | Low adsorption |1.00

 | | | | |

WeF: | | | | |

 Weikert-------------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Droughty |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Droughty |1.00 | Low adsorption |1.00

 | | | | |

WrG: | | | | |

 Weikert-------------| 40 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Droughty |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Droughty |1.00 | Low adsorption |1.00

 | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 35 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Low adsorption |1.00

 | | Droughty |1.00 | Too acid |1.00

 | | Filtering |0.99 | Slope |1.00

 | | capacity | | |

 | | | | |

 Rough---------------| 15 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Droughty |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Droughty |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | | | |

ZoA: | | | | |

 Zoar----------------| 80 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slow water |1.00 | Slow water |1.00

 | | movement | | movement |

 | | Depth to |0.99 | Too acid |0.99

 | | saturated zone | | Depth to |0.99

 | | Too acid |0.50 | saturated zone |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

389

Table 8b.--Agricultural Waste Management

(The information in this table indicates the dominant soil condition but does

 not eliminate the need for onsite investigation. The numbers in the

 value columns range from 0.01 to 1.00. The larger the value, the greater

 the limitation. See text for further explanation of ratings in this

 table.)

______________________________________________________________________________

 | | |

 |Pct.| Disposal of wastewater | Overland flow of

 Map symbol | of | by irrigation | wastewater

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | |

AlB: | | | | |

 Allegheny-----------| 90 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Too acid |1.00 | Seepage |1.00

 | | Filtering |0.99 | Too acid |1.00

 | | capacity | | |

 | | Too steep |0.32 | |

 | | | | |

AlC: | | | | |

 Allegheny-----------| 90 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Too acid |1.00 | Seepage |1.00

 | | Too steep |1.00 | Too acid |1.00

 | | Filtering |0.99 | Too steep |1.00

 | | capacity | | |

 | | | | |

An: | | | | |

 Atkins--------------| 35 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Flooding |1.00

 | | saturated zone | | Depth to |1.00

 | | Flooding |1.00 | saturated zone |

 | | Too acid |0.99 | Seepage |1.00

 | | | | |

 Philo---------------| 30 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Filtering |0.99 | Flooding |1.00

 | | capacity | | Seepage |1.00

 | | Depth to |0.95 | Depth to |0.95

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | Too acid |0.91 | |

 | | | | |

 Potomac-------------| 20 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00

 | | Filtering |0.99 | Seepage |1.00

 | | capacity | | |

 | | Droughty |0.89 | |

 | | | | |

BaE: | | | | |

 Belmont-------------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Too acid |1.00 | Seepage |1.00

 | | Too steep |1.00 | Too acid |1.00

 | | | | Too steep |1.00

 | | | | |

BcC: | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 80 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Too acid |1.00 | Seepage |1.00

 | | Droughty |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Too steep |1.00 | Too acid |1.00

 | | | | |

BcE: | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Too acid |1.00 | Seepage |1.00

 | | Too steep |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | | | Too acid |1.00

 | | | | |
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

390

Table 8b.--Agricultural Waste Management--Continued

______________________________________________________________________________

 | | |

 |Pct.| Disposal of wastewater | Overland flow of

 Map symbol | of | by irrigation | wastewater

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | |

BcF: | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Too acid |1.00 | Seepage |1.00

 | | Too steep |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | | | Too acid |1.00

 | | | | |

BkG: | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 35 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Too acid |1.00 | Seepage |1.00

 | | Too steep |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | | | Too acid |1.00

 | | | | |

 Weikert-------------| 25 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Droughty |1.00 | Seepage |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Too acid |1.00 | Too acid |1.00

 | | | | |

 Calvin--------------| 20 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Too acid |1.00 | Seepage |1.00

 | | Too steep |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | | | Too acid |1.00

 | | | | |

BlC: | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 60 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Too acid |1.00 | Seepage |1.00

 | | Droughty |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Too steep |1.00 | Too acid |1.00

 | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 30 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Too acid |1.00 | Seepage |1.00

 | | Droughty |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Too steep |1.00 | Too acid |1.00

 | | | | |

BlE: | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 55 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Too acid |1.00 | Seepage |1.00

 | | Too steep |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | | | Too acid |1.00

 | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 35 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Too acid |1.00 | Seepage |1.00

 | | Too steep |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | | | Too acid |1.00

 | | | | |

BlF: | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 45 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Too acid |1.00 | Seepage |1.00

 | | Too steep |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | | | Too acid |1.00

 | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 40 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Too acid |1.00 | Seepage |1.00

 | | Too steep |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | | | Too acid |1.00

 | | | | |

BrE: | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 50 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Too acid |1.00 | Seepage |1.00

 | | Too steep |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | | | Too acid |1.00

 | | | | |
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

391

Table 8b.--Agricultural Waste Management--Continued

______________________________________________________________________________

 | | |

 |Pct.| Disposal of wastewater | Overland flow of

 Map symbol | of | by irrigation | wastewater

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | |

BrE: | | | | |

 Weikert-------------| 35 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Droughty |1.00 | Seepage |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Too acid |1.00 | Too acid |1.00

 | | | | |

BrF: | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 50 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Too acid |1.00 | Seepage |1.00

 | | Too steep |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | | | Too acid |1.00

 | | | | |

 Weikert-------------| 35 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Droughty |1.00 | Seepage |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Too acid |1.00 | Too acid |1.00

 | | | | |

BtC: | | | | |

 Blackthorn----------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Too acid |1.00 | Seepage |1.00

 | | Large stones on |1.00 | Too acid |1.00

 | | the surface | | Too steep |0.50

 | | Too steep |1.00 | |

 | | | | |

BtE: | | | | |

 Blackthorn----------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Too acid |1.00 | Seepage |1.00

 | | Large stones on |1.00 | Too acid |1.00

 | | the surface | | Too steep |1.00

 | | Too steep |1.00 | |

 | | | | |

BxF: | | | | |

 Briery--------------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Too steep |1.00 | Seepage |1.00

 | | Cobble content |0.08 | Too steep |1.00

 | | | | Cobble content |0.02

 | | | | |

 Rock outcrop--------| 15 |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | |

CbC: | | | | |

 Calvin--------------| 45 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Too acid |1.00 | Seepage |1.00

 | | Too steep |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Filtering |0.99 | Too acid |1.00

 | | capacity | | |

 | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 25 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Too acid |1.00 | Seepage |1.00

 | | Droughty |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Too steep |1.00 | Too acid |1.00

 | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 20 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Too acid |1.00 | Seepage |1.00

 | | Droughty |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Too steep |1.00 | Too acid |1.00

 | | | | |

CbE: | | | | |

 Calvin--------------| 35 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Too acid |1.00 | Seepage |1.00

 | | Too steep |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | | | Too acid |1.00

 | | | | |
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

392

Table 8b.--Agricultural Waste Management--Continued

______________________________________________________________________________

 | | |

 |Pct.| Disposal of wastewater | Overland flow of

 Map symbol | of | by irrigation | wastewater

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | |

CbE: | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 30 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Too acid |1.00 | Seepage |1.00

 | | Too steep |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | | | Too acid |1.00

 | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 20 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Too acid |1.00 | Seepage |1.00

 | | Too steep |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | | | Too acid |1.00

 | | | | |

CbF: | | | | |

 Calvin--------------| 35 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Too acid |1.00 | Seepage |1.00

 | | Too steep |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | | | Too acid |1.00

 | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 25 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Too acid |1.00 | Seepage |1.00

 | | Too steep |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | | | Too acid |1.00

 | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 20 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Too acid |1.00 | Seepage |1.00

 | | Too steep |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | | | Too acid |1.00

 | | | | |

CeF: | | | | |

 Caneyville----------| 40 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Too steep |1.00 | Seepage |1.00

 | | Droughty |0.87 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | | | Too steep |1.00

 | | | | |

 Frederick-----------| 30 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Too steep |1.00 | Seepage |1.00

 | | Too acid |0.21 | Too steep |1.00

 | | | | Too acid |0.21

 | | | | |

 Rock outcrop--------| 20 |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | |

CfB: | | | | |

 Cateache------------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Too acid |1.00 | Seepage |1.00

 | | Filtering |0.99 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | capacity | | Too acid |1.00

 | | Droughty |0.71 | |

 | | | | |

CfC: | | | | |

 Cateache------------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Too acid |1.00 | Seepage |1.00

 | | Too steep |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Filtering |0.99 | Too acid |1.00

 | | capacity | | |

 | | | | |

CfD: | | | | |

 Cateache------------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Too acid |1.00 | Seepage |1.00

 | | Too steep |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | | | Too acid |1.00

 | | | | |
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

393

Table 8b.--Agricultural Waste Management--Continued

______________________________________________________________________________

 | | |

 |Pct.| Disposal of wastewater | Overland flow of

 Map symbol | of | by irrigation | wastewater

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | |

CfE: | | | | |

 Cateache------------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Too acid |1.00 | Seepage |1.00

 | | Too steep |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | | | Too acid |1.00

 | | | | |

CfF: | | | | |

 Cateache------------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Too acid |1.00 | Seepage |1.00

 | | Too steep |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | | | Too acid |1.00

 | | | | |

CgC: | | | | |

 Cateache------------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Too acid |1.00 | Seepage |1.00

 | | Too steep |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Filtering |0.99 | Too acid |1.00

 | | capacity | | |

 | | | | |

CgE: | | | | |

 Cateache------------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Too acid |1.00 | Seepage |1.00

 | | Too steep |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | | | Too acid |1.00

 | | | | |

CgF: | | | | |

 Cateache------------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Too acid |1.00 | Seepage |1.00

 | | Too steep |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | | | Too acid |1.00

 | | | | |

Ch: | | | | |

 Chavies-------------| 85 |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Too acid |0.31 | Seepage |1.00

 | | | | Flooding |0.40

 | | | | Too acid |0.31

 | | | | |

CpB: | | | | |

 Cookport------------| 80 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Seepage |1.00

 | | saturated zone | | Depth to |1.00

 | | Too acid |1.00 | saturated zone |

 | | Slow water |1.00 | Too acid |1.00

 | | movement | | |

 | | | | |

CuB: | | | | |

 Culleoka------------| 90 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Too acid |1.00 | Seepage |1.00

 | | Filtering |0.99 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | capacity | | Too acid |1.00

 | | Too steep |0.50 | |

 | | | | |

CuC: | | | | |

 Culleoka------------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Too acid |1.00 | Seepage |1.00

 | | Too steep |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Filtering |0.99 | Too acid |1.00

 | | capacity | | |

 | | | | |
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

394

Table 8b.--Agricultural Waste Management--Continued

______________________________________________________________________________

 | | |

 |Pct.| Disposal of wastewater | Overland flow of

 Map symbol | of | by irrigation | wastewater

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | |

CuD: | | | | |

 Culleoka------------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Too acid |1.00 | Seepage |1.00

 | | Too steep |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | | | Too acid |1.00

 | | | | |

CyE: | | | | |

 Culleoka------------| 80 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Too acid |1.00 | Seepage |1.00

 | | Too steep |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | | | Too acid |1.00

 | | | | |

CyF: | | | | |

 Culleoka------------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Too acid |1.00 | Seepage |1.00

 | | Too steep |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | | | Too acid |1.00

 | | | | |

DeC: | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Too acid |1.00 | Seepage |1.00

 | | Droughty |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Too steep |1.00 | Too acid |1.00

 | | | | |

DeE: | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Too acid |1.00 | Seepage |1.00

 | | Too steep |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | | | Too acid |1.00

 | | | | |

DeF: | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Too acid |1.00 | Seepage |1.00

 | | Too steep |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | | | Too acid |1.00

 | | | | |

DhC: | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 55 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Too acid |1.00 | Seepage |1.00

 | | Droughty |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Too steep |1.00 | Too acid |1.00

 | | | | |

 Hazleton------------| 35 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Too acid |1.00 | Seepage |1.00

 | | Too steep |1.00 | Too acid |1.00

 | | Filtering |0.99 | Cobble content |0.83

 | | capacity | | |

 | | | | |

DhE: | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 55 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Too acid |1.00 | Seepage |1.00

 | | Too steep |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | | | Too acid |1.00

 | | | | |

 Hazleton------------| 35 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Too acid |1.00 | Seepage |1.00

 | | Too steep |1.00 | Too acid |1.00

 | | | | Too steep |1.00

 | | | | |
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

395

Table 8b.--Agricultural Waste Management--Continued

______________________________________________________________________________

 | | |

 |Pct.| Disposal of wastewater | Overland flow of

 Map symbol | of | by irrigation | wastewater

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | |

DhF: | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 55 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Too acid |1.00 | Seepage |1.00

 | | Too steep |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | | | Too acid |1.00

 | | | | |

 Hazleton------------| 35 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Too acid |1.00 | Seepage |1.00

 | | Too steep |1.00 | Too acid |1.00

 | | | | Too steep |1.00

 | | | | |

DkF: | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 45 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Too acid |1.00 | Seepage |1.00

 | | Too steep |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | | | Too acid |1.00

 | | | | |

 Rock outcrop--------| 40 |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | |

Du: | | | | |

 Dunning-------------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Ponding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Ponding |1.00

 | | saturated zone | | Depth to |1.00

 | | Slow water |1.00 | saturated zone |

 | | movement | | |

 | | | | |

ElF: | | | | |

 Elliber-------------| 80 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Too acid |1.00 | Seepage |1.00

 | | Too steep |1.00 | Too acid |1.00

 | | | | Too steep |1.00

 | | | | |

ErB: | | | | |

 Ernest--------------| 80 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Seepage |1.00

 | | saturated zone | | Depth to |1.00

 | | Too acid |1.00 | saturated zone |

 | | Filtering |0.99 | Too acid |1.00

 | | capacity | | |

 | | | | |

EsC: | | | | |

 Ernest--------------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Seepage |1.00

 | | saturated zone | | Depth to |1.00

 | | Too acid |1.00 | saturated zone |

 | | Too steep |1.00 | Too acid |1.00

 | | | | |

FaE: | | | | |

 Faywood-------------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Too steep |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Slow water |0.68 | Too steep |1.00

 | | movement | | Seepage |1.00

 | | | | |

FaF: | | | | |

 Faywood-------------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Too steep |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Slow water |0.68 | Too steep |1.00

 | | movement | | Seepage |1.00

 | | | | |
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

396

Table 8b.--Agricultural Waste Management--Continued

______________________________________________________________________________

 | | |

 |Pct.| Disposal of wastewater | Overland flow of

 Map symbol | of | by irrigation | wastewater

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | |

FkB: | | | | |

 Frankstown----------| 75 |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Too steep |0.68 | Seepage |1.00

 | | Too acid |0.67 | Depth to bedrock |0.82

 | | | | Too acid |0.67

 | | | | |

FkC: | | | | |

 Frankstown----------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Too steep |1.00 | Seepage |1.00

 | | Too acid |0.67 | Too steep |1.00

 | | | | Depth to bedrock |0.82

 | | | | |

FkD: | | | | |

 Frankstown----------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Too steep |1.00 | Too steep |1.00

 | | Too acid |0.67 | Seepage |1.00

 | | | | Depth to bedrock |0.82

 | | | | |

FoC: | | | | |

 Frankstown----------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Too steep |1.00 | Seepage |1.00

 | | Too acid |0.67 | Depth to bedrock |0.82

 | | | | Too acid |0.67

 | | | | |

FoE: | | | | |

 Frankstown----------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Too steep |1.00 | Too steep |1.00

 | | Too acid |0.67 | Seepage |1.00

 | | | | Depth to bedrock |0.82

 | | | | |

FrB: | | | | |

 Frederick-----------| 80 |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Too steep |0.68 | Seepage |1.00

 | | Too acid |0.21 | Too acid |0.21

 | | | | |

FrC: | | | | |

 Frederick-----------| 80 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Too steep |1.00 | Seepage |1.00

 | | Too acid |0.21 | Too steep |1.00

 | | | | Too acid |0.21

 | | | | |

FrD: | | | | |

 Frederick-----------| 80 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Too steep |1.00 | Seepage |1.00

 | | Too acid |0.21 | Too steep |1.00

 | | | | Too acid |0.21

 | | | | |

FyC: | | | | |

 Frederick-----------| 45 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Too steep |1.00 | Seepage |1.00

 | | Too acid |0.21 | Too steep |0.50

 | | | | Too acid |0.21

 | | | | |

 Caneyville----------| 35 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Too steep |1.00 | Seepage |1.00

 | | Droughty |0.87 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.46 | Too steep |0.50

 | | | | |
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

397

Table 8b.--Agricultural Waste Management--Continued

______________________________________________________________________________

 | | |

 |Pct.| Disposal of wastewater | Overland flow of

 Map symbol | of | by irrigation | wastewater

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | |

FyE: | | | | |

 Frederick-----------| 40 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Too steep |1.00 | Seepage |1.00

 | | Too acid |0.21 | Too steep |1.00

 | | | | Too acid |0.21

 | | | | |

 Caneyville----------| 40 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Too steep |1.00 | Seepage |1.00

 | | Droughty |0.87 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | | | Too steep |1.00

 | | | | |

GaC: | | | | |

 Gauley--------------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Too acid |1.00 | Seepage |1.00

 | | Large stones on |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | the surface | | Too acid |1.00

 | | Too steep |1.00 | |

 | | | | |

GaE: | | | | |

 Gauley--------------| 80 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Too acid |1.00 | Seepage |1.00

 | | Large stones on |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | the surface | | Too acid |1.00

 | | Too steep |1.00 | |

 | | | | |

GnC: | | | | |

 Gilpin--------------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Too acid |1.00 | Seepage |1.00

 | | Too steep |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Filtering |0.99 | Too acid |1.00

 | | capacity | | |

 | | | | |

GnD: | | | | |

 Gilpin--------------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Too acid |1.00 | Seepage |1.00

 | | Large stones on |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | the surface | | Too acid |1.00

 | | Too steep |1.00 | |

 | | | | |

GpC: | | | | |

 Gilpin--------------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Too acid |1.00 | Seepage |1.00

 | | Large stones on |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | the surface | | Too acid |1.00

 | | Too steep |1.00 | |

 | | | | |

GpE: | | | | |

 Gilpin--------------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Too acid |1.00 | Seepage |1.00

 | | Large stones on |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | the surface | | Too acid |1.00

 | | Too steep |1.00 | |

 | | | | |

Ho: | | | | |

 Holly---------------| 90 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Flooding |1.00

 | | saturated zone | | Depth to |1.00

 | | Flooding |1.00 | saturated zone |

 | | | | Seepage |1.00

 | | | | |
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

398

Table 8b.--Agricultural Waste Management--Continued

______________________________________________________________________________

 | | |

 |Pct.| Disposal of wastewater | Overland flow of

 Map symbol | of | by irrigation | wastewater

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | |

KxF: | | | | |

 Kaymine-------------| 70 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Too steep |1.00 | Seepage |1.00

 | | Cobble content |0.01 | Too steep |1.00

 | | | | |

 Rock outcrop--------| 15 |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | |

LcC: | | | | |

 Leatherbark---------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Seepage |1.00

 | | saturated zone | | Depth to |1.00

 | | Too acid |1.00 | saturated zone |

 | | Too steep |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | | | |

LgB: | | | | |

 Lily----------------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Too acid |1.00 | Seepage |1.00

 | | Filtering |0.99 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | capacity | | Too acid |1.00

 | | Too steep |0.68 | |

 | | | | |

LgC: | | | | |

 Lily----------------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Too acid |1.00 | Seepage |1.00

 | | Too steep |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Filtering |0.99 | Too acid |1.00

 | | capacity | | |

 | | | | |

LhE: | | | | |

 Lily----------------| 80 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Too acid |1.00 | Seepage |1.00

 | | Too steep |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | | | Too acid |1.00

 | | | | |

Lo: | | | | |

 Lobdell-------------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Flooding |1.00

 | | saturated zone | | Depth to |1.00

 | | Flooding |0.60 | saturated zone |

 | | Too acid |0.07 | Seepage |1.00

 | | | | |

MaB: | | | | |

 Macove--------------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Too acid |1.00 | Seepage |1.00

 | | Filtering |0.99 | Too acid |1.00

 | | capacity | | Cobble content |0.64

 | | Too steep |0.68 | |

 | | | | |

MaC: | | | | |

 Macove--------------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Too acid |1.00 | Seepage |1.00

 | | Too steep |1.00 | Too acid |1.00

 | | Filtering |0.99 | Too steep |1.00

 | | capacity | | |

 | | | | |

MaD: | | | | |

 Macove--------------| 80 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Too acid |1.00 | Seepage |1.00

 | | Too steep |1.00 | Too acid |1.00

 | | | | Too steep |1.00

 | | | | |
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

399

Table 8b.--Agricultural Waste Management--Continued

______________________________________________________________________________

 | | |

 |Pct.| Disposal of wastewater | Overland flow of

 Map symbol | of | by irrigation | wastewater

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | |

McC: | | | | |

 Macove--------------| 80 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Too acid |1.00 | Seepage |1.00

 | | Too steep |1.00 | Too acid |1.00

 | | Filtering |0.99 | Cobble content |0.64

 | | capacity | | |

 | | | | |

McE: | | | | |

 Macove--------------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Too acid |1.00 | Seepage |1.00

 | | Too steep |1.00 | Too acid |1.00

 | | | | Too steep |1.00

 | | | | |

MeF: | | | | |

 Macove--------------| 55 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Too acid |1.00 | Seepage |1.00

 | | Too steep |1.00 | Too acid |1.00

 | | | | Too steep |1.00

 | | | | |

 Gilpin--------------| 30 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Too acid |1.00 | Seepage |1.00

 | | Large stones on |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | the surface | | Too acid |1.00

 | | Too steep |1.00 | |

 | | | | |

MkC: | | | | |

 Mandy---------------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Too acid |1.00 | Seepage |1.00

 | | Droughty |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Too steep |1.00 | Too acid |1.00

 | | | | |

MkE: | | | | |

 Mandy---------------| 80 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Too acid |1.00 | Seepage |1.00

 | | Too steep |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | | | Too acid |1.00

 | | | | |

MkF: | | | | |

 Mandy---------------| 80 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Too acid |1.00 | Seepage |1.00

 | | Too steep |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | | | Too acid |1.00

 | | | | |

MkG: | | | | |

 Mandy---------------| 80 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Too acid |1.00 | Seepage |1.00

 | | Too steep |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | | | Too acid |1.00

 | | | | |

Ml: | | | | |

 Melvin--------------| 50 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Flooding |1.00

 | | saturated zone | | Depth to |1.00

 | | Flooding |1.00 | saturated zone |

 | | | | Seepage |1.00

 | | | | |

 Lindside------------| 35 |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to |0.95 | Flooding |1.00

 | | saturated zone | | Seepage |1.00

 | | Flooding |0.60 | Depth to |0.95

 | | | | saturated zone |

 | | | | |
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

400

Table 8b.--Agricultural Waste Management--Continued

______________________________________________________________________________

 | | |

 |Pct.| Disposal of wastewater | Overland flow of

 Map symbol | of | by irrigation | wastewater

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | |

MzC: | | | | |

 Mertz---------------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Too acid |1.00 | Seepage |1.00

 | | Too steep |1.00 | Too acid |1.00

 | | Filtering |0.99 | Too steep |1.00

 | | capacity | | |

 | | | | |

MzE: | | | | |

 Mertz---------------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Too acid |1.00 | Seepage |1.00

 | | Too steep |1.00 | Too acid |1.00

 | | | | Too steep |1.00

 | | | | |

No: | | | | |

 Nolin---------------| 80 |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Flooding |0.60 | Flooding |1.00

 | | | | Seepage |1.00

 | | | | |

Ph: | | | | |

 Philo---------------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Filtering |0.99 | Flooding |1.00

 | | capacity | | Seepage |1.00

 | | Depth to |0.95 | Depth to |0.95

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | Too acid |0.91 | |

 | | | | |

Po: | | | | |

 Pope----------------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Too acid |1.00 | Flooding |1.00

 | | Flooding |0.60 | Seepage |1.00

 | | | | Too acid |1.00

 | | | | |

Pt: | | | | |

 Potomac-------------| 80 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00

 | | Filtering |0.99 | Seepage |1.00

 | | capacity | | |

 | | Droughty |0.89 | |

 | | | | |

PuA: | | | | |

 Purdy---------------| 80 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | Slow water |1.00 | Too acid |1.00

 | | movement | | Seepage |0.62

 | | Too acid |1.00 | |

 | | | | |

Qu: | | | | |

 Quarry--------------| 80 |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | |

Se: | | | | |

 Sensabaugh----------| 80 |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Flooding |0.60 | Flooding |1.00

 | | | | Seepage |1.00

 | | | | |

SfB: | | | | |

 Shouns--------------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Too acid |1.00 | Seepage |1.00

 | | Filtering |0.99 | Too acid |1.00

 | | capacity | | |

 | | Too steep |0.68 | |

 | | | | |
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

401

Table 8b.--Agricultural Waste Management--Continued

______________________________________________________________________________

 | | |

 |Pct.| Disposal of wastewater | Overland flow of

 Map symbol | of | by irrigation | wastewater

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | |

SfC: | | | | |

 Shouns--------------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Too acid |1.00 | Seepage |1.00

 | | Too steep |1.00 | Too acid |1.00

 | | Filtering |0.99 | Too steep |1.00

 | | capacity | | |

 | | | | |

ShC: | | | | |

 Shouns--------------| 80 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Too acid |1.00 | Seepage |1.00

 | | Too steep |1.00 | Too acid |1.00

 | | Filtering |0.99 | Too steep |0.50

 | | capacity | | |

 | | | | |

ShE: | | | | |

 Shouns--------------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Too acid |1.00 | Seepage |1.00

 | | Too steep |1.00 | Too acid |1.00

 | | | | Too steep |1.00

 | | | | |

ShF: | | | | |

 Shouns--------------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Too acid |1.00 | Seepage |1.00

 | | Too steep |1.00 | Too acid |1.00

 | | | | Too steep |1.00

 | | | | |

SmC: | | | | |

 Simoda--------------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Too acid |1.00 | Seepage |1.00

 | | Slow water |1.00 | Too acid |1.00

 | | movement | | Depth to |0.99

 | | Too steep |1.00 | saturated zone |

 | | | | |

SoC: | | | | |

 Snowdog-------------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Too acid |1.00 | Seepage |1.00

 | | Large stones on |1.00 | Too acid |1.00

 | | the surface | | Depth to |0.99

 | | Too steep |1.00 | saturated zone |

 | | | | |

SoE: | | | | |

 Snowdog-------------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Too acid |1.00 | Seepage |1.00

 | | Large stones on |1.00 | Too acid |1.00

 | | the surface | | Too steep |1.00

 | | Too steep |1.00 | |

 | | | | |

SoF: | | | | |

 Snowdog-------------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Too acid |1.00 | Seepage |1.00

 | | Large stones on |1.00 | Too acid |1.00

 | | the surface | | Too steep |1.00

 | | Too steep |1.00 | |

 | | | | |

SvC: | | | | |

 Summers-------------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Too acid |1.00 | Seepage |1.00

 | | Too steep |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Filtering |0.99 | Too acid |1.00

 | | capacity | | |

 | | | | |
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

402

Table 8b.--Agricultural Waste Management--Continued

______________________________________________________________________________

 | | |

 |Pct.| Disposal of wastewater | Overland flow of

 Map symbol | of | by irrigation | wastewater

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | |

Tp: | | | | |

 Tioga---------------| 55 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Too acid |1.00 | Flooding |1.00

 | | Filtering |0.99 | Seepage |1.00

 | | capacity | | Too acid |1.00

 | | Flooding |0.60 | |

 | | | | |

 Potomac-------------| 35 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00

 | | Filtering |0.99 | Seepage |1.00

 | | capacity | | |

 | | Droughty |0.89 | |

 | | | | |

TrC: | | | | |

 Trussel-------------| 80 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Seepage |1.00

 | | saturated zone | | Depth to |1.00

 | | Too acid |1.00 | saturated zone |

 | | Too steep |1.00 | Too acid |1.00

 | | | | |

Uf: | | | | |

 Udifluvents---------| 45 |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | |

 Fluvaquents---------| 35 |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | |

Ux: | | | | |

 Udorthents----------| 60 |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | |

 Rock outcrop--------| 35 |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | |

WeC: | | | | |

 Weikert-------------| 80 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Droughty |1.00 | Seepage |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Too acid |1.00 | Too acid |1.00

 | | | | |

WeD: | | | | |

 Weikert-------------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Droughty |1.00 | Seepage |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Too acid |1.00 | Too acid |1.00

 | | | | |

WeF: | | | | |

 Weikert-------------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Droughty |1.00 | Seepage |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Too acid |1.00 | Too acid |1.00

 | | | | |

WrG: | | | | |

 Weikert-------------| 40 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Droughty |1.00 | Seepage |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Too acid |1.00 | Too acid |1.00

 | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 35 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Too acid |1.00 | Seepage |1.00

 | | Too steep |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | | | Too acid |1.00

 | | | | |
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

403

Table 8b.--Agricultural Waste Management--Continued

______________________________________________________________________________

 | | |

 |Pct.| Disposal of wastewater | Overland flow of

 Map symbol | of | by irrigation | wastewater

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | |

WrG: | | | | |

 Rough---------------| 15 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Droughty |1.00 | Seepage |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Too steep |1.00 | Too steep |1.00

 | | | | |

ZoA: | | | | |

 Zoar----------------| 80 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slow water |1.00 | Seepage |1.00

 | | movement | | Too acid |0.99

 | | Too acid |0.99 | Depth to |0.99

 | | Depth to |0.99 | saturated zone |

 | | saturated zone | | |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

404

Table 8c.--Agricultural Waste Management

(The information in this table indicates the dominant soil condition but does

 not eliminate the need for onsite investigation. The numbers in the

 value columns range from 0.01 to 1.00. The larger the value, the greater

 the limitation. See text for further explanation of ratings in this

 table.)

______________________________________________________________________________

 | | |

 |Pct.| Rapid infiltration | Slow rate treatment

 Map symbol | of | of wastewater | of wastewater

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | |

AlB: | | | | |

 Allegheny-----------| 90 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slow water |1.00 | Too acid |1.00

 | | movement | | Filtering |0.99

 | | Too acid |0.67 | capacity |

 | | Slope |0.12 | Too steep |0.32

 | | | | |

AlC: | | | | |

 Allegheny-----------| 90 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Too acid |1.00

 | | Slow water |1.00 | Too steep |1.00

 | | movement | | |

 | | Too acid |0.67 | |

 | | | | |

An: | | | | |

 Atkins--------------| 35 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | | Depth to |1.00 | saturated zone |

 | | saturated zone | | Flooding |1.00

 | | Slow water |1.00 | Too acid |0.99

 | | movement | | |

 | | | | |

 Philo---------------| 30 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Filtering |0.99

 | | saturated zone | | capacity |

 | | Slow water |1.00 | Depth to |0.95

 | | movement | | saturated zone |

 | | Flooding |0.60 | Too acid |0.91

 | | | | |

 Potomac-------------| 20 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00

 | | Slow water |0.62 | Filtering |0.99

 | | movement | | capacity |

 | | | | |

BaE: | | | | |

 Belmont-------------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Too acid |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Too steep |1.00

 | | Slow water |1.00 | |

 | | movement | | |

 | | | | |

BcC: | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 80 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Slope |1.00 | Too acid |1.00

 | | Cobble content |0.73 | Too steep |1.00

 | | | | |

BcE: | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Too acid |1.00

 | | Cobble content |0.73 | Too steep |1.00

 | | | | |
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

405

Table 8c.--Agricultural Waste Management--Continued

______________________________________________________________________________

 | | |

 |Pct.| Rapid infiltration | Slow rate treatment

 Map symbol | of | of wastewater | of wastewater

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | |

BcF: | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Too acid |1.00

 | | Cobble content |0.73 | Too steep |1.00

 | | | | |

BkG: | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 35 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Too acid |1.00

 | | Cobble content |0.73 | Too steep |1.00

 | | | | |

 Weikert-------------| 25 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Too acid |1.00

 | | Slow water |0.32 | Too steep |1.00

 | | movement | | |

 | | | | |

 Calvin--------------| 20 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Too acid |1.00

 | | Slow water |0.32 | Too steep |1.00

 | | movement | | |

 | | | | |

BlC: | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 60 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Slope |1.00 | Too acid |1.00

 | | Cobble content |0.73 | Too steep |1.00

 | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 30 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Slope |1.00 | Too acid |1.00

 | | Cobble content |0.91 | Too steep |1.00

 | | | | |

BlE: | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 55 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Too acid |1.00

 | | Cobble content |0.73 | Too steep |1.00

 | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 35 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Too acid |1.00

 | | Cobble content |0.91 | Too steep |1.00

 | | | | |

BlF: | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 45 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Too acid |1.00

 | | Cobble content |0.73 | Too steep |1.00

 | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 40 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Too acid |1.00

 | | Cobble content |0.91 | Too steep |1.00

 | | | | |

BrE: | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 50 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Too acid |1.00

 | | Cobble content |0.73 | Too steep |1.00
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

406

Table 8c.--Agricultural Waste Management--Continued

______________________________________________________________________________

 | | |

 |Pct.| Rapid infiltration | Slow rate treatment

 Map symbol | of | of wastewater | of wastewater

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | |

BrE: | | | | |

 Weikert-------------| 35 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Too acid |1.00

 | | Slow water |0.32 | Too steep |1.00

 | | movement | | |

 | | | | |

BrF: | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 50 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Too acid |1.00

 | | Cobble content |0.73 | Too steep |1.00

 | | | | |

 Weikert-------------| 35 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Too acid |1.00

 | | Slow water |0.32 | Too steep |1.00

 | | movement | | |

 | | | | |

BtC: | | | | |

 Blackthorn----------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slow water |1.00 | Too acid |1.00

 | | movement | | Large stones on |1.00

 | | Slope |1.00 | the surface |

 | | | | Too steep |1.00

 | | | | |

BtE: | | | | |

 Blackthorn----------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Too acid |1.00

 | | Slow water |1.00 | Large stones on |1.00

 | | movement | | the surface |

 | | | | Too steep |1.00

 | | | | |

BxF: | | | | |

 Briery--------------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Too steep |1.00

 | | Slow water |0.62 | Cobble content |0.08

 | | movement | | |

 | | Cobble content |0.02 | |

 | | | | |

 Rock outcrop--------| 15 |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | |

CbC: | | | | |

 Calvin--------------| 45 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Slope |1.00 | Too acid |1.00

 | | Slow water |0.32 | Too steep |1.00

 | | movement | | |

 | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 25 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Slope |1.00 | Too acid |1.00

 | | Cobble content |0.91 | Too steep |1.00

 | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 20 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Slope |1.00 | Too acid |1.00

 | | Cobble content |0.73 | Too steep |1.00

 | | | | |
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

407

Table 8c.--Agricultural Waste Management--Continued

______________________________________________________________________________

 | | |

 |Pct.| Rapid infiltration | Slow rate treatment

 Map symbol | of | of wastewater | of wastewater

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | |

CbE: | | | | |

 Calvin--------------| 35 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Too acid |1.00

 | | Slow water |0.32 | Too steep |1.00

 | | movement | | |

 | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 30 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Too acid |1.00

 | | Cobble content |0.91 | Too steep |1.00

 | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 20 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Too acid |1.00

 | | Cobble content |0.73 | Too steep |1.00

 | | | | |

CbF: | | | | |

 Calvin--------------| 35 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Too acid |1.00

 | | Slow water |0.32 | Too steep |1.00

 | | movement | | |

 | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 25 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Too acid |1.00

 | | Cobble content |0.91 | Too steep |1.00

 | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 20 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Too acid |1.00

 | | Cobble content |0.73 | Too steep |1.00

 | | | | |

CeF: | | | | |

 Caneyville----------| 40 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Slow water |1.00 | Too steep |1.00

 | | movement | | |

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | |

 | | | | |

 Frederick-----------| 30 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Too steep |1.00

 | | Slow water |1.00 | Too acid |0.21

 | | movement | | |

 | | | | |

 Rock outcrop--------| 20 |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | |

CfB: | | | | |

 Cateache------------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Slow water |1.00 | Too acid |1.00

 | | movement | | Filtering |0.99

 | | Slope |0.50 | capacity |

 | | | | |

CfC: | | | | |

 Cateache------------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Too acid |1.00

 | | Slow water |1.00 | Too steep |1.00

 | | movement | | |

 | | | | |
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

408

Table 8c.--Agricultural Waste Management--Continued

______________________________________________________________________________

 | | |

 |Pct.| Rapid infiltration | Slow rate treatment

 Map symbol | of | of wastewater | of wastewater

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | |

CfD: | | | | |

 Cateache------------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Too acid |1.00

 | | Slow water |1.00 | Too steep |1.00

 | | movement | | |

 | | | | |

CfE: | | | | |

 Cateache------------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Too acid |1.00

 | | Slow water |1.00 | Too steep |1.00

 | | movement | | |

 | | | | |

CfF: | | | | |

 Cateache------------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Too acid |1.00

 | | Slow water |1.00 | Too steep |1.00

 | | movement | | |

 | | | | |

CgC: | | | | |

 Cateache------------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Slow water |1.00 | Too acid |1.00

 | | movement | | Too steep |1.00

 | | Slope |1.00 | |

 | | | | |

CgE: | | | | |

 Cateache------------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Too acid |1.00

 | | Slow water |1.00 | Too steep |1.00

 | | movement | | |

 | | | | |

CgF: | | | | |

 Cateache------------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Too acid |1.00

 | | Slow water |1.00 | Too steep |1.00

 | | movement | | |

 | | | | |

Ch: | | | | |

 Chavies-------------| 85 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Slow water |0.32 | Too acid |0.31

 | | movement | | |

 | | | | |

CpB: | | | | |

 Cookport------------| 80 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slow water |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | | movement | | saturated zone |

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Too acid |1.00

 | | saturated zone | | Filtering |0.99

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | capacity |

 | | | | |

CuB: | | | | |

 Culleoka------------| 90 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Slow water |0.62 | Too acid |1.00

 | | movement | | Filtering |0.99

 | | Too acid |0.55 | capacity |

 | | | | |
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

409

Table 8c.--Agricultural Waste Management--Continued

______________________________________________________________________________

 | | |

 |Pct.| Rapid infiltration | Slow rate treatment

 Map symbol | of | of wastewater | of wastewater

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | |

CuC: | | | | |

 Culleoka------------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Too acid |1.00

 | | Slow water |0.62 | Too steep |1.00

 | | movement | | |

 | | | | |

CuD: | | | | |

 Culleoka------------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Too acid |1.00

 | | Slow water |0.62 | Too steep |1.00

 | | movement | | |

 | | | | |

CyE: | | | | |

 Culleoka------------| 80 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Too acid |1.00

 | | Slow water |0.62 | Too steep |1.00

 | | movement | | |

 | | | | |

CyF: | | | | |

 Culleoka------------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Too acid |1.00

 | | Slow water |0.62 | Too steep |1.00

 | | movement | | |

 | | | | |

DeC: | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Slope |1.00 | Too acid |1.00

 | | Cobble content |0.91 | Too steep |1.00

 | | | | |

DeE: | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Too acid |1.00

 | | Cobble content |0.91 | Too steep |1.00

 | | | | |

DeF: | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Too acid |1.00

 | | Cobble content |0.91 | Too steep |1.00

 | | | | |

DhC: | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 55 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Slope |1.00 | Too acid |1.00

 | | Cobble content |0.91 | Too steep |1.00

 | | | | |

 Hazleton------------| 35 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Too acid |1.00

 | | Slope |1.00 | Too steep |1.00

 | | Cobble content |0.98 | Filtering |0.99

 | | | | capacity |

 | | | | |
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

410

Table 8c.--Agricultural Waste Management--Continued

______________________________________________________________________________

 | | |

 |Pct.| Rapid infiltration | Slow rate treatment

 Map symbol | of | of wastewater | of wastewater

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | |

DhE: | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 55 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Too acid |1.00

 | | Cobble content |0.91 | Too steep |1.00

 | | | | |

 Hazleton------------| 35 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Too acid |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Too steep |1.00

 | | Cobble content |0.98 | |

 | | | | |

DhF: | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 55 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Too acid |1.00

 | | Cobble content |0.91 | Too steep |1.00

 | | | | |

 Hazleton------------| 35 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Too acid |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Too steep |1.00

 | | Cobble content |0.98 | |

 | | | | |

DkF: | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 45 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Too acid |1.00

 | | Cobble content |0.91 | Too steep |1.00

 | | | | |

 Rock outcrop--------| 40 |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | |

Du: | | | | |

 Dunning-------------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Ponding |1.00 | Ponding |1.00

 | | Slow water |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | | movement | | saturated zone |

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Slow water |0.96

 | | saturated zone | | movement |

 | | | | |

ElF: | | | | |

 Elliber-------------| 80 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Too acid |1.00

 | | Slow water |0.62 | Too steep |1.00

 | | movement | | |

 | | Too acid |0.14 | |

 | | | | |

ErB: | | | | |

 Ernest--------------| 80 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slow water |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | | movement | | saturated zone |

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Too acid |1.00

 | | saturated zone | | Filtering |0.99

 | | Slope |0.50 | capacity |

 | | | | |

EsC: | | | | |

 Ernest--------------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slow water |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | | movement | | saturated zone |

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Too acid |1.00

 | | saturated zone | | Too steep |1.00

 | | Slope |1.00 | |

 | | | | |
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

411

Table 8c.--Agricultural Waste Management--Continued

______________________________________________________________________________

 | | |

 |Pct.| Rapid infiltration | Slow rate treatment

 Map symbol | of | of wastewater | of wastewater

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | |

FaE: | | | | |

 Faywood-------------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Slow water |1.00 | Too steep |1.00

 | | movement | | |

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | |

 | | | | |

FaF: | | | | |

 Faywood-------------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Slow water |1.00 | Too steep |1.00

 | | movement | | |

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | |

 | | | | |

FkB: | | | | |

 Frankstown----------| 75 |Very limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |0.82

 | | Slow water |1.00 | Too steep |0.68

 | | movement | | Too acid |0.67

 | | Slope |0.50 | |

 | | | | |

FkC: | | | | |

 Frankstown----------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Too steep |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |0.82

 | | Slow water |1.00 | |

 | | movement | | |

 | | | | |

FkD: | | | | |

 Frankstown----------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Too steep |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |0.82

 | | Slow water |1.00 | |

 | | movement | | |

 | | | | |

FoC: | | | | |

 Frankstown----------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Too steep |1.00

 | | Slow water |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |0.82

 | | movement | | Too acid |0.67

 | | Slope |1.00 | |

 | | | | |

FoE: | | | | |

 Frankstown----------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Too steep |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |0.82

 | | Slow water |1.00 | |

 | | movement | | |

 | | | | |

FrB: | | | | |

 Frederick-----------| 80 |Very limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Slow water |1.00 | Too steep |0.68

 | | movement | | Too acid |0.21

 | | Slope |0.50 | |

 | | | | |

FrC: | | | | |

 Frederick-----------| 80 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Too steep |1.00

 | | Slow water |1.00 | Too acid |0.21

 | | movement | | |

 | | | | |
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

412

Table 8c.--Agricultural Waste Management--Continued

______________________________________________________________________________

 | | |

 |Pct.| Rapid infiltration | Slow rate treatment

 Map symbol | of | of wastewater | of wastewater

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | |

FrD: | | | | |

 Frederick-----------| 80 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Too steep |1.00

 | | Slow water |1.00 | Too acid |0.21

 | | movement | | |

 | | | | |

FyC: | | | | |

 Frederick-----------| 45 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slow water |1.00 | Too steep |1.00

 | | movement | | Too acid |0.21

 | | Slope |1.00 | |

 | | | | |

 | | | | |

 Caneyville----------| 35 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slow water |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | movement | | Too steep |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | |

 | | Slope |1.00 | |

 | | | | |

FyE: | | | | |

 Frederick-----------| 40 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Too steep |1.00

 | | Slow water |1.00 | Too acid |0.21

 | | movement | | |

 | | | | |

 Caneyville----------| 40 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Slow water |1.00 | Too steep |1.00

 | | movement | | |

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | |

 | | | | |

GaC: | | | | |

 Gauley--------------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Slope |1.00 | Too acid |1.00

 | | Cobble content |0.78 | Large stones on |1.00

 | | | | the surface |

 | | | | |

GaE: | | | | |

 Gauley--------------| 80 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Too acid |1.00

 | | Cobble content |0.78 | Large stones on |1.00

 | | | | the surface |

 | | | | |

GnC: | | | | |

 Gilpin--------------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Too acid |1.00

 | | Slow water |1.00 | Too steep |1.00

 | | movement | | |

 | | | | |

GnD: | | | | |

 Gilpin--------------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Too acid |1.00

 | | Slow water |1.00 | Large stones on |1.00

 | | movement | | the surface |

 | | | | |
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

413

Table 8c.--Agricultural Waste Management--Continued

______________________________________________________________________________

 | | |

 |Pct.| Rapid infiltration | Slow rate treatment

 Map symbol | of | of wastewater | of wastewater

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | |

GpC: | | | | |

 Gilpin--------------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Slow water |1.00 | Too acid |1.00

 | | movement | | Large stones on |1.00

 | | Slope |1.00 | the surface |

 | | | | |

GpE: | | | | |

 Gilpin--------------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Too acid |1.00

 | | Slow water |1.00 | Large stones on |1.00

 | | movement | | the surface |

 | | | | |

Ho: | | | | |

 Holly---------------| 90 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | | Depth to |1.00 | saturated zone |

 | | saturated zone | | Flooding |1.00

 | | Slow water |1.00 | |

 | | movement | | |

 | | | | |

KxF: | | | | |

 Kaymine-------------| 70 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Too steep |1.00

 | | Slow water |0.62 | Cobble content |0.01

 | | movement | | |

 | | | | |

 Rock outcrop--------| 15 |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | |

LcC: | | | | |

 Leatherbark---------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slow water |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | | movement | | saturated zone |

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | saturated zone | | Too acid |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | |

 | | | | |

LgB: | | | | |

 Lily----------------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Slow water |0.62 | Too acid |1.00

 | | movement | | Filtering |0.99

 | | Slope |0.50 | capacity |

 | | | | |

LgC: | | | | |

 Lily----------------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Too acid |1.00

 | | Slow water |0.62 | Too steep |1.00

 | | movement | | |

 | | | | |

LhE: | | | | |

 Lily----------------| 80 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Too acid |1.00

 | | Slow water |0.62 | Too steep |1.00

 | | movement | | |

 | | | | |
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

414

Table 8c.--Agricultural Waste Management--Continued

______________________________________________________________________________

 | | |

 |Pct.| Rapid infiltration | Slow rate treatment

 Map symbol | of | of wastewater | of wastewater

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | |

Lo: | | | | |

 Lobdell-------------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | Slow water |1.00 | Flooding |0.60

 | | movement | | Too acid |0.07

 | | Flooding |0.60 | |

 | | | | |

MaB: | | | | |

 Macove--------------| 85 |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Cobble content |0.90 | Too acid |1.00

 | | Slope |0.50 | Filtering |0.99

 | | Slow water |0.32 | capacity |

 | | movement | | Too steep |0.68

 | | | | |

MaC: | | | | |

 Macove--------------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Too acid |1.00

 | | Cobble content |0.90 | Too steep |1.00

 | | Slow water |0.32 | |

 | | movement | | |

 | | | | |

MaD: | | | | |

 Macove--------------| 80 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Too acid |1.00

 | | Cobble content |0.90 | Too steep |1.00

 | | Slow water |0.32 | |

 | | movement | | |

 | | | | |

McC: | | | | |

 Macove--------------| 80 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Too acid |1.00

 | | Cobble content |0.90 | Too steep |1.00

 | | Slow water |0.32 | Filtering |0.99

 | | movement | | capacity |

 | | | | |

McE: | | | | |

 Macove--------------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Too acid |1.00

 | | Cobble content |0.90 | Too steep |1.00

 | | Slow water |0.32 | |

 | | movement | | |

 | | | | |

MeF: | | | | |

 Macove--------------| 55 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Too acid |1.00

 | | Cobble content |0.90 | Too steep |1.00

 | | Slow water |0.32 | |

 | | movement | | |

 | | | | |

 Gilpin--------------| 30 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Too acid |1.00

 | | Slow water |1.00 | Large stones on |1.00

 | | movement | | the surface |

 | | | | |

MkC: | | | | |

 Mandy---------------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Slow water |1.00 | Too acid |1.00

 | | movement | | Too steep |1.00

 | | Slope |1.00 | |
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

415

Table 8c.--Agricultural Waste Management--Continued

______________________________________________________________________________

 | | |

 |Pct.| Rapid infiltration | Slow rate treatment

 Map symbol | of | of wastewater | of wastewater

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | |

MkE: | | | | |

 Mandy---------------| 80 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Too acid |1.00

 | | Slow water |1.00 | Too steep |1.00

 | | movement | | |

 | | | | |

MkF: | | | | |

 Mandy---------------| 80 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Too acid |1.00

 | | Slow water |1.00 | Too steep |1.00

 | | movement | | |

 | | | | |

MkG: | | | | |

 Mandy---------------| 80 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Too acid |1.00

 | | Slow water |1.00 | Too steep |1.00

 | | movement | | |

 | | | | |

Ml: | | | | |

 Melvin--------------| 50 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | | Depth to |1.00 | saturated zone |

 | | saturated zone | | Flooding |1.00

 | | Slow water |1.00 | |

 | | movement | | |

 | | | | |

 Lindside------------| 35 |Very limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |0.95

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | Slow water |1.00 | Flooding |0.60

 | | movement | | |

 | | Flooding |0.60 | |

 | | | | |

MzC: | | | | |

 Mertz---------------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Too acid |1.00

 | | Slow water |1.00 | Too steep |1.00

 | | movement | | |

 | | Too acid |0.55 | |

 | | | | |

MzE: | | | | |

 Mertz---------------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Too acid |1.00

 | | Slow water |1.00 | Too steep |1.00

 | | movement | | |

 | | Too acid |0.55 | |

 | | | | |

No: | | | | |

 Nolin---------------| 80 |Very limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Flooding |0.60

 | | saturated zone | | |

 | | Slow water |1.00 | |

 | | movement | | |

 | | Flooding |0.60 | |

 | | | | |
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

416

Table 8c.--Agricultural Waste Management--Continued

______________________________________________________________________________

 | | |

 |Pct.| Rapid infiltration | Slow rate treatment

 Map symbol | of | of wastewater | of wastewater

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | |

Ph: | | | | |

 Philo---------------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Filtering |0.99

 | | saturated zone | | capacity |

 | | Slow water |1.00 | Depth to |0.95

 | | movement | | saturated zone |

 | | Flooding |0.60 | Too acid |0.91

 | | | | |

Po: | | | | |

 Pope----------------| 75 |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slow water |0.62 | Too acid |1.00

 | | movement | | Flooding |0.60

 | | Flooding |0.60 | |

 | | Too acid |0.14 | |

 | | | | |

Pt: | | | | |

 Potomac-------------| 80 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00

 | | Slow water |0.62 | Filtering |0.99

 | | movement | | capacity |

 | | | | |

PuA: | | | | |

 Purdy---------------| 80 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slow water |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | | movement | | saturated zone |

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Too acid |1.00

 | | saturated zone | | Slow water |0.96

 | | Too acid |0.14 | movement |

 | | | | |

Qu: | | | | |

 Quarry--------------| 80 |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | |

Se: | | | | |

 Sensabaugh----------| 80 |Very limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Flooding |0.60

 | | saturated zone | | |

 | | Slow water |0.62 | |

 | | movement | | |

 | | Flooding |0.60 | |

 | | | | |

SfB: | | | | |

 Shouns--------------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slow water |1.00 | Too acid |1.00

 | | movement | | Filtering |0.99

 | | Too acid |0.55 | capacity |

 | | Slope |0.50 | Too steep |0.68

 | | | | |

SfC: | | | | |

 Shouns--------------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Too acid |1.00

 | | Slow water |1.00 | Too steep |1.00

 | | movement | | |

 | | Too acid |0.55 | |

 | | | | |

ShC: | | | | |

 Shouns--------------| 80 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slow water |1.00 | Too acid |1.00

 | | movement | | Too steep |1.00

 | | Slope |1.00 | Filtering |0.99

 | | Too acid |0.55 | capacity |

 | | | | |
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

417

Table 8c.--Agricultural Waste Management--Continued

______________________________________________________________________________

 | | |

 |Pct.| Rapid infiltration | Slow rate treatment

 Map symbol | of | of wastewater | of wastewater

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | |

ShE: | | | | |

 Shouns--------------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Too acid |1.00

 | | Slow water |1.00 | Too steep |1.00

 | | movement | | |

 | | Too acid |0.55 | |

 | | | | |

ShF: | | | | |

 Shouns--------------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Too acid |1.00

 | | Slow water |1.00 | Too steep |1.00

 | | movement | | |

 | | Too acid |0.55 | |

 | | | | |

SmC: | | | | |

 Simoda--------------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slow water |1.00 | Too acid |1.00

 | | movement | | Too steep |1.00

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Filtering |0.99

 | | saturated zone | | capacity |

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | |

 | | | | |

SoC: | | | | |

 Snowdog-------------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slow water |1.00 | Too acid |1.00

 | | movement | | Large stones on |1.00

 | | Depth to |1.00 | the surface |

 | | saturated zone | | Too steep |1.00

 | | Slope |1.00 | |

 | | | | |

SoE: | | | | |

 Snowdog-------------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Too acid |1.00

 | | Slow water |1.00 | Large stones on |1.00

 | | movement | | the surface |

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Too steep |1.00

 | | saturated zone | | |

 | | | | |

SoF: | | | | |

 Snowdog-------------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Too acid |1.00

 | | Slow water |1.00 | Large stones on |1.00

 | | movement | | the surface |

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Too steep |1.00

 | | saturated zone | | |

 | | | | |

SvC: | | | | |

 Summers-------------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Slope |1.00 | Too acid |1.00

 | | Too acid |0.67 | Too steep |1.00

 | | | | |

Tp: | | | | |

 Tioga---------------| 55 |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slow water |0.62 | Too acid |1.00

 | | movement | | Filtering |0.99

 | | Flooding |0.60 | capacity |

 | | | | Flooding |0.60

 | | | | |
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

418

Table 8c.--Agricultural Waste Management--Continued

______________________________________________________________________________

 | | |

 |Pct.| Rapid infiltration | Slow rate treatment

 Map symbol | of | of wastewater | of wastewater

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | |

Tp: | | | | |

 Potomac-------------| 35 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00

 | | Slow water |0.62 | Filtering |0.99

 | | movement | | capacity |

 | | | | |

TrC: | | | | |

 Trussel-------------| 80 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slow water |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | | movement | | saturated zone |

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Too acid |1.00

 | | saturated zone | | Too steep |1.00

 | | Slope |1.00 | |

 | | | | |

Uf: | | | | |

 Udifluvents---------| 45 |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | |

 Fluvaquents---------| 35 |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | |

Ux: | | | | |

 Udorthents----------| 60 |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | |

 Rock outcrop--------| 35 |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | |

WeC: | | | | |

 Weikert-------------| 80 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Too acid |1.00

 | | Slow water |0.32 | Too steep |1.00

 | | movement | | |

 | | | | |

WeD: | | | | |

 Weikert-------------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Too acid |1.00

 | | Slow water |0.32 | Too steep |1.00

 | | movement | | |

 | | | | |

WeF: | | | | |

 Weikert-------------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Too acid |1.00

 | | Slow water |0.32 | Too steep |1.00

 | | movement | | |

 | | | | |

WrG: | | | | |

 Weikert-------------| 40 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Too acid |1.00

 | | Slow water |0.32 | Too steep |1.00

 | | movement | | |

 | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 35 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Too acid |1.00

 | | Cobble content |0.73 | Too steep |1.00

 | | | | |

 Rough---------------| 15 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Too steep |1.00

 | | Too acid |0.42 | |

 | | | | |
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

419

Table 8c.--Agricultural Waste Management--Continued

______________________________________________________________________________

 | | |

 |Pct.| Rapid infiltration | Slow rate treatment

 Map symbol | of | of wastewater | of wastewater

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | |

ZoA: | | | | |

 Zoar----------------| 80 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slow water |1.00 | Too acid |0.99

 | | movement | | Depth to |0.99

 | | Depth to |1.00 | saturated zone |

 | | saturated zone | | Slow water |0.96

 | | | | movement |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

420

Table 9.--Forestland Productivity

_________________________________________________________________________________

 | Potential productivity |

 |___________________________________|

 Map symbol and | | | |

 soil name | Common trees |Site | Volume | Trees to manage

 | |index|of wood |

 | | | fiber |

_________________________|____________________|_____|________|___________________

 | | |cu ft/ac|

 | | | |

AlB: | | | |

 Allegheny---------------|northern red oak----| 80 | 62 |northern red oak,

 |eastern white pine--| 90 | 166 | eastern white

 |white oak-----------| 75 | 57 | pine, white oak

 | | | |

AlC: | | | |

 Allegheny---------------|northern red oak----| 80 | 62 |black walnut,

 |eastern white pine--| 90 | 166 | eastern white

 |white oak-----------| 75 | 57 | pine, northern red

 | | | | oak, shortleaf

 | | | | pine, white ash,

 | | | | white oak, yellow-

 | | | | poplar

 | | | |

An: | | | |

 Atkins------------------|pin oak-------------| 80 | 62 |eastern white pine,

 |American sycamore---| --- | --- | white spruce

 |river birch---------| --- | --- |

 |red maple-----------| --- | --- |

 |eastern white pine--| --- | --- |

 | | | |

 Philo-------------------|northern red oak----| 86 | 68 |eastern white pine,

 |white oak-----------| 85 | 67 | yellow-poplar

 |eastern white pine--| --- | --- |

 |river birch---------| --- | --- |

 |American sycamore---| --- | --- |

 | | | |

 Potomac-----------------|northern red oak----| 70 | 52 |American sycamore,

 |white oak-----------| 70 | 52 | black walnut,

 |eastern white pine--| 80 | 144 | eastern white

 |river birch---------| --- | --- | pine, Japanese

 |American sycamore---| --- | --- | larch, northern

 | | | | red oak, white oak

 | | | |

BaE: | | | |

 Belmont-----------------|northern red oak----| 80 | 62 |black walnut,

 |hickory-------------| --- | --- | eastern white

 |American beech------| --- | --- | pine, yellow-

 |sugar maple---------| 80 | 50 | poplar

 |black walnut--------| --- | --- |

 | | | |

BcC: | | | |

 Berks-------------------|northern red oak----| 60 | 43 |eastern white pine,

 |white oak-----------| 60 | 43 | Japanese larch,

 |hickory-------------| --- | --- | Norway spruce, red

 |eastern white pine--| 70 | 121 | pine, Virginia

 |red maple-----------| --- | --- | pine

 |chestnut oak--------| 60 | 43 |

 | | | |

BcE: | | | |

 Berks-------------------|northern red oak----| 65 | 48 |eastern white pine,

 |white oak-----------| 65 | 48 | Japanese larch,

 |hickory-------------| --- | --- | Norway spruce, red

 |eastern white pine--| 70 | 121 | pine, Virginia

 |red maple-----------| --- | --- | pine

 | | | |
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

421

Table 9.--Forestland Productivity--Continued

_________________________________________________________________________________

 | Potential productivity |

 |___________________________________|

 Map symbol and | | | |

 soil name | Common trees |Site | Volume | Trees to manage

 | |index|of wood |

 | | | fiber |

_________________________|____________________|_____|________|___________________

 | | |cu ft/ac|

 | | | |

BcF: | | | |

 Berks-------------------|northern red oak----| 65 | 48 |eastern white pine,

 |white oak-----------| 65 | 48 | Japanese larch,

 |hickory-------------| --- | 121 | Norway spruce, red

 |eastern white pine--| 70 | --- | pine, Virginia

 |red maple-----------| --- | --- | pine

 | | | |

BkG: | | | |

 Berks-------------------|northern red oak----| 65 | 48 |eastern white pine,

 |white oak-----------| 65 | 48 | Japanese larch,

 |hickory-------------| --- | 121 | Norway spruce, red

 |eastern white pine--| 70 | --- | pine, Virginia

 |red maple-----------| --- | --- | pine

 | | | |

 Weikert-----------------|northern red oak----| 50 | 34 |eastern white pine,

 |chestnut oak--------| 50 | 34 | shortleaf pine,

 |scarlet oak---------| 50 | 34 | Virginia pine

 |white oak-----------| 50 | 34 |

 |pitch pine----------| 50 | --- |

 |hickory-------------| --- | --- |

 | | | |

 Calvin------------------|northern red oak----| 70 | 52 |eastern white pine,

 |eastern hemlock-----| --- | --- | red pine, Virginia

 |white oak-----------| 70 | 52 | pine

 |red maple-----------| --- | --- |

 |hickory-------------| --- | --- |

 | | | |

BlC: | | | |

 Berks-------------------|northern red oak----| 60 | 43 |eastern white pine,

 |white oak-----------| 60 | 43 | Japanese larch,

 |hickory-------------| --- | --- | Norway spruce, red

 |red maple-----------| --- | --- | pine, Virginia

 |chestnut oak--------| 60 | 43 | pine

 | | | |

 Dekalb------------------|northern red oak----| 60 | 43 |Austrian pine,

 |white oak-----------| 60 | 43 | eastern white

 |hickory-------------| --- | --- | pine, Japanese

 |chestnut oak--------| 60 | 43 | larch, red pine

 | | | |

BlE: | | | |

 Berks-------------------|northern red oak----| 65 | 48 |eastern white pine,

 |white oak-----------| 65 | 48 | Japanese larch,

 |red maple-----------| --- | --- | Norway spruce, red

 |yellow buckeye------| --- | --- | pine, Virginia

 |black cherry--------| --- | --- | pine

 | | | |

 Dekalb------------------|northern red oak----| 60 | 43 |eastern white pine,

 |white oak-----------| 60 | 43 | Norway spruce,

 |red maple-----------| --- | --- | Virginia pine,

 |yellow buckeye------| --- | --- | white spruce

 | | | |

BlF: | | | |

 Berks-------------------|northern red oak----| 65 | 48 |eastern white pine,

 |white oak-----------| 65 | 48 | Japanese larch,

 |red maple-----------| --- | --- | Norway spruce, red

 |yellow buckeye------| --- | --- | pine, Virginia

 |black cherry--------| --- | --- | pine

 | | | |
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

422

Table 9.--Forestland Productivity--Continued

_________________________________________________________________________________

 | Potential productivity |

 |___________________________________|

 Map symbol and | | | |

 soil name | Common trees |Site | Volume | Trees to manage

 | |index|of wood |

 | | | fiber |

_________________________|____________________|_____|________|___________________

 | | |cu ft/ac|

 | | | |

BlF: | | | |

 Dekalb------------------|northern red oak----| 60 | 43 |eastern white pine,

 |white oak-----------| 60 | 43 | Norway spruce,

 |red maple-----------| --- | --- | Virginia pine,

 |yellow buckeye------| --- | --- | white spruce

 | | | |

BrE: | | | |

 Berks-------------------|northern red oak----| 65 | 48 | ---

 |white oak-----------| 65 | 48 |

 |eastern white pine--| 70 | 121 |

 |red maple-----------| --- | --- |

 |hickory-------------| --- | --- |

 | | | |

 Weikert-----------------|northern red oak----| 50 | 34 | ---

 |chestnut oak--------| 50 | 34 |

 |scarlet oak---------| 50 | 34 |

 |white oak-----------| 50 | 34 |

 |pitch pine----------| 50 | --- |

 |hickory-------------| --- | --- |

 | | | |

BrF: | | | |

 Berks-------------------|northern red oak----| 65 | 48 | ---

 |white oak-----------| 65 | 48 |

 |eastern white pine--| 70 | 121 |

 |red maple-----------| --- | --- |

 |hickory-------------| --- | --- |

 | | | |

 Weikert-----------------|northern red oak----| 50 | 34 | ---

 |chestnut oak--------| 50 | 34 |

 |scarlet oak---------| 50 | 34 |

 |white oak-----------| 50 | 34 |

 |pitch pine----------| 50 | --- |

 |hickory-------------| --- | --- |

 | | | |

BtC: | | | |

 Blackthorn--------------|northern red oak----| 70 | 52 |black walnut,

 |white oak-----------| 70 | 52 | eastern white

 |eastern white pine--| 80 | 144 | pine, Japanese

 |cucumbertree--------| 75 | --- | larch, Norway

 |black locust--------| --- | --- | spruce, yellow-

 | | | | poplar

 | | | |

BtE: | | | |

 Blackthorn--------------|northern red oak----| 70 | 52 |black walnut,

 |white oak-----------| 70 | 52 | eastern white

 |eastern white pine--| 80 | 144 | pine, Japanese

 |cucumbertree--------| 75 | --- | larch, Norway

 |black locust--------| --- | --- | spruce, yellow-

 | | | | poplar

 | | | |

BxF: | | | |

 Briery------------------|red pine------------| 45 | 54 |Norway spruce, red

 |Scotch pine---------| 45 | --- | pine, Scotch pine

 |black locust--------| --- | --- |

 | | | |

 Rock outcrop------------| --- | --- | --- | ---

 | | | |
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

423

Table 9.--Forestland Productivity--Continued

_________________________________________________________________________________

 | Potential productivity |

 |___________________________________|

 Map symbol and | | | |

 soil name | Common trees |Site | Volume | Trees to manage

 | |index|of wood |

 | | | fiber |

_________________________|____________________|_____|________|___________________

 | | |cu ft/ac|

 | | | |

CbC: | | | |

 Calvin------------------|northern red oak----| 65 | 48 |eastern white pine,

 |white oak-----------| 65 | 48 | red pine, Virginia

 |hickory-------------| --- | --- | pine

 |red maple-----------| --- | --- |

 |black locust--------| --- | --- |

 | | | |

 Dekalb------------------|northern red oak----| 60 | 43 |Austrian pine,

 |white oak-----------| 60 | 43 | eastern white

 |chestnut oak--------| 60 | 43 | pine, Japanese

 |pitch pine----------| --- | --- | larch, red pine

 | | | |

 Berks-------------------|northern red oak----| 60 | 43 |eastern white pine,

 |white oak-----------| 60 | 43 | Japanese larch,

 |chestnut oak--------| 60 | 43 | Norway spruce, red

 |red maple-----------| --- | --- | pine, Virginia

 |eastern white pine--| 70 | 121 | pine

 | | | |

CbE: | | | |

 Calvin------------------|northern red oak----| 70 | 52 |eastern white pine,

 |white oak-----------| 70 | 52 | red pine, Virginia

 |hickory-------------| --- | --- | pine

 |red maple-----------| --- | --- |

 |black locust--------| --- | --- |

 | | | |

 Dekalb------------------|northern red oak----| 60 | 43 |eastern white pine,

 |white oak-----------| 60 | 43 | Norway spruce,

 |hickory-------------| --- | --- | Virginia pine,

 |red maple-----------| --- | --- | white spruce

 | | | |

 Berks-------------------|northern red oak----| 65 | 48 |eastern white pine,

 |white oak-----------| 65 | 48 | Japanese larch,

 |eastern white pine--| 70 | 121 | Norway spruce, red

 |red maple-----------| --- | --- | pine, Virginia

 | | | | pine

 | | | |

CbF: | | | |

 Calvin------------------|northern red oak----| 70 | 52 |eastern white pine,

 |white oak-----------| 70 | 52 | red pine, Virginia

 |hickory-------------| --- | --- | pine

 |red maple-----------| --- | --- |

 |black locust--------| --- | --- |

 | | | |

 Dekalb------------------|northern red oak----| 60 | 43 |eastern white pine,

 |white oak-----------| 60 | 43 | Norway spruce,

 |hickory-------------| --- | --- | Virginia pine,

 |red maple-----------| --- | --- | white spruce

 | | | |

 Berks-------------------|northern red oak----| 65 | 48 |eastern white pine,

 |white oak-----------| 65 | 48 | Japanese larch,

 |eastern white pine--| 70 | 121 | Norway spruce, red

 |red maple-----------| --- | --- | pine, Virginia

 | | | | pine

 | | | |

CeF: | | | |

 Caneyville--------------|northern red oak----| 70 | 52 | ---

 |white oak-----------| 60 | 43 |

 |hickory-------------| --- | --- |

 |eastern redcedar----| --- | --- |

 |black walnut--------| --- | --- |

 | | | |
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

424

Table 9.--Forestland Productivity--Continued

_________________________________________________________________________________

 | Potential productivity |

 |___________________________________|

 Map symbol and | | | |

 soil name | Common trees |Site | Volume | Trees to manage

 | |index|of wood |

 | | | fiber |

_________________________|____________________|_____|________|___________________

 | | |cu ft/ac|

 | | | |

CeF: | | | |

 Frederick---------------|northern red oak----| 75 | 57 | ---

 |white oak-----------| 75 | 57 |

 |hickory-------------| --- | --- |

 |eastern redcedar----| --- | --- |

 |black walnut--------| --- | --- |

 | | | |

 Rock outcrop------------| --- | --- | --- | ---

 | | | |

CfB: | | | |

 Cateache----------------|northern red oak----| 80 | 62 |black cherry, black

 |black cherry--------| 80 | 50 | locust, Norway

 |cucumbertree--------| 80 | --- | spruce

 |American beech------| --- | --- |

 |sugar maple---------| 80 | --- |

 | | | |

CfC: | | | |

 Cateache----------------|northern red oak----| 80 | 62 |black cherry, black

 |black cherry--------| 80 | 50 | locust, Norway

 |cucumbertree--------| 80 | --- | spruce

 |American beech------| --- | --- |

 |sugar maple---------| 80 | --- |

 | | | |

CfD: | | | |

 Cateache----------------|northern red oak----| 80 | 62 |black cherry, black

 |black cherry--------| 80 | 50 | locust, Norway

 |cucumbertree--------| 80 | --- | spruce

 |American beech------| --- | --- |

 |sugar maple---------| 80 | --- |

 | | | |

CfE: | | | |

 Cateache----------------|northern red oak----| 80 | 62 |black cherry, black

 |black cherry--------| 80 | 50 | locust, Norway

 |cucumbertree--------| 80 | --- | spruce

 |American beech------| --- | --- |

 |sugar maple---------| 80 | --- |

 | | | |

CfF: | | | |

 Cateache----------------|northern red oak----| 80 | 62 |black cherry, black

 |black cherry--------| 80 | 50 | locust, Norway

 |cucumbertree--------| 80 | --- | spruce

 |American beech------| --- | --- |

 |sugar maple---------| 80 | --- |

 | | | |

CgC: | | | |

 Cateache----------------|northern red oak----| 80 | 62 |black cherry, black

 |black cherry--------| 80 | 50 | locust, Norway

 |cucumbertree--------| 80 | --- | spruce

 |American beech------| --- | --- |

 |sugar maple---------| 80 | --- |

 | | | |

CgE: | | | |

 Cateache----------------|northern red oak----| 80 | 62 |black cherry, black

 |black cherry--------| 80 | 50 | locust, Norway

 |cucumbertree--------| 80 | --- | spruce

 |American beech------| --- | --- |

 |sugar maple---------| 80 | --- |

 | | | |
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

425

Table 9.--Forestland Productivity--Continued

_________________________________________________________________________________

 | Potential productivity |

 |___________________________________|

 Map symbol and | | | |

 soil name | Common trees |Site | Volume | Trees to manage

 | |index|of wood |

 | | | fiber |

_________________________|____________________|_____|________|___________________

 | | |cu ft/ac|

 | | | |

CgF: | | | |

 Cateache----------------|northern red oak----| 80 | 62 |black cherry, black

 |black cherry--------| 80 | 50 | locust, Norway

 |cucumbertree--------| 80 | --- | spruce

 |American beech------| --- | --- |

 |sugar maple---------| 80 | --- |

 | | | |

Ch: | | | |

 Chavies-----------------|northern red oak----| 80 | 62 |black walnut,

 |yellow-poplar-------| 90 | 90 | eastern white

 |red maple-----------| --- | --- | pine, northern red

 |American sycamore---| --- | --- | oak, shortleaf

 |eastern white pine--| --- | --- | pine, white oak,

 | | | | yellow-poplar

 | | | |

CpB: | | | |

 Cookport----------------|northern red oak----| 76 | 67 | ---

 |black cherry--------| 86 | --- |

 |yellow-poplar-------| 90 | --- |

 |white oak-----------| --- | --- |

 | | | |

CuB: | | | |

 Culleoka----------------|northern red oak----| 80 | 62 |eastern white pine,

 |white oak-----------| 80 | 62 | northern red oak,

 |American beech------| --- | --- | shortleaf pine,

 |American basswood---| --- | --- | white oak, yellow-

 |hickory-------------| --- | --- | poplar

 | | | |

CuC: | | | |

 Culleoka----------------|northern red oak----| 80 | 62 |eastern white pine,

 |white oak-----------| 80 | 62 | northern red oak,

 |American beech------| --- | --- | shortleaf pine,

 |American basswood---| --- | --- | white oak, yellow-

 |hickory-------------| --- | --- | poplar

 | | | |

CuD: | | | |

 Culleoka----------------|northern red oak----| 80 | 62 |eastern white pine,

 |white oak-----------| 80 | 62 | northern red oak,

 |American beech------| --- | --- | shortleaf pine,

 |American basswood---| --- | --- | white oak, yellow-

 |eastern hemlock-----| --- | --- | poplar

 | | | |

CyE: | | | |

 Culleoka----------------|northern red oak----| 80 | 62 |eastern white pine,

 |white oak-----------| 80 | 62 | northern red oak,

 |American beech------| --- | --- | shortleaf pine,

 |American basswood---| --- | --- | white oak, yellow-

 |eastern hemlock-----| --- | --- | poplar

 | | | |

CyF: | | | |

 Culleoka----------------|northern red oak----| 80 | 62 |eastern white pine,

 |white oak-----------| 80 | 62 | northern red oak,

 |American beech------| --- | --- | shortleaf pine,

 |American basswood---| --- | --- | white oak, yellow-

 |eastern hemlock-----| --- | --- | poplar

 | | | |
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

426

Table 9.--Forestland Productivity--Continued

_________________________________________________________________________________

 | Potential productivity |

 |___________________________________|

 Map symbol and | | | |

 soil name | Common trees |Site | Volume | Trees to manage

 | |index|of wood |

 | | | fiber |

_________________________|____________________|_____|________|___________________

 | | |cu ft/ac|

 | | | |

DeC: | | | |

 Dekalb------------------|northern red oak----| 60 | 43 | ---

 |white oak-----------| 60 | 43 |

 |chestnut oak--------| 60 | 43 |

 |hickory-------------| --- | --- |

 |red maple-----------| --- | --- |

 | | | |

DeE: | | | |

 Dekalb------------------|northern red oak----| 60 | 43 | ---

 |white oak-----------| 60 | 43 |

 |red maple-----------| --- | --- |

 |eastern white pine--| --- | --- |

 | | | |

DeF: | | | |

 Dekalb------------------|northern red oak----| 60 | 43 | ---

 |white oak-----------| 60 | 43 |

 |red maple-----------| --- | --- |

 |eastern white pine--| --- | --- |

 | | | |

DhC: | | | |

 Dekalb------------------|northern red oak----| 60 | 43 |Austrian pine,

 |white oak-----------| 60 | 43 | eastern white

 |chestnut oak--------| 60 | 43 | pine, Japanese

 |hickory-------------| --- | --- | larch, red pine

 |red maple-----------| --- | --- |

 | | | |

 Hazleton----------------|northern red oak----| 70 | 52 |Austrian pine,

 |white oak-----------| 70 | 52 | black cherry,

 |eastern white pine--| --- | --- | eastern white

 |red maple-----------| --- | --- | pine, Japanese

 | | | | larch, Norway

 | | | | spruce

 | | | |

DhE: | | | |

 Dekalb------------------|northern red oak----| 60 | 43 |eastern white pine,

 |white oak-----------| 60 | 43 | Norway spruce,

 |red maple-----------| --- | --- | Virginia pine,

 |eastern white pine--| --- | --- | white spruce

 | | | |

 Hazleton----------------|northern red oak----| 70 | 52 |Austrian pine,

 |white oak-----------| 70 | 52 | black cherry,

 |red maple-----------| --- | --- | eastern white

 |eastern hemlock-----| --- | --- | pine, Japanese

 |eastern white pine--| --- | --- | larch, Norway

 | | | | spruce

 | | | |

DhF: | | | |

 Dekalb------------------|northern red oak----| 60 | 43 |eastern white pine,

 |white oak-----------| 60 | 43 | Norway spruce,

 |red maple-----------| --- | --- | Virginia pine,

 |eastern white pine--| --- | --- | white spruce

 | | | |

 Hazleton----------------|northern red oak----| 70 | 52 |Austrian pine,

 |white oak-----------| 70 | 52 | black cherry,

 |red maple-----------| --- | --- | eastern white

 |eastern hemlock-----| --- | --- | pine, Japanese

 |eastern white pine--| --- | --- | larch, Norway

 | | | | spruce

 | | | |
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

427

Table 9.--Forestland Productivity--Continued

_________________________________________________________________________________

 | Potential productivity |

 |___________________________________|

 Map symbol and | | | |

 soil name | Common trees |Site | Volume | Trees to manage

 | |index|of wood |

 | | | fiber |

_________________________|____________________|_____|________|___________________

 | | |cu ft/ac|

 | | | |

DkF: | | | |

 Dekalb------------------|northern red oak----| 60 | 52 | ---

 |white oak-----------| 60 | 52 |

 |red maple-----------| --- | --- |

 |eastern white pine--| --- | --- |

 | | | |

 Rock outcrop------------| --- | --- | --- | ---

 | | | |

Du: | | | |

 Dunning-----------------|pin oak-------------| 95 | 77 | ---

 |American sycamore---| --- | --- |

 |sugar maple---------| 90 | 55 |

 | | | |

ElF: | | | |

 Elliber-----------------|northern red oak----| 85 | 67 |black locust, black

 |red maple-----------| --- | --- | walnut, eastern

 |hickory-------------| --- | --- | white pine,

 |eastern white pine--| 95 | 176 | European larch,

 |eastern hemlock-----| --- | --- | Norway spruce,

 | | | | yellow-poplar

 | | | |

ErB: | | | |

 Ernest------------------|northern red oak----| 80 | 62 |eastern white pine,

 |white ash-----------| 80 | 80 | Japanese larch,

 |sugar maple---------| 80 | 50 | Norway spruce

 |yellow-poplar-------| 90 | 90 |

 | | | |

EsC: | | | |

 Ernest------------------|northern red oak----| 80 | 62 | ---

 |white ash-----------| 80 | 80 |

 |sugar maple---------| 80 | 50 |

 |yellow-poplar-------| 90 | 90 |

 | | | |

FaE: | | | |

 Faywood-----------------|northern red oak----| 70 | 52 |eastern white pine,

 |white oak-----------| 60 | 43 | northern red oak,

 |hickory-------------| --- | --- | white ash, white

 |eastern white pine--| 75 | 132 | oak

 |black locust--------| --- | --- |

 | | | |

FaF: | | | |

 Faywood-----------------|northern red oak----| 70 | 52 |eastern white pine,

 |white oak-----------| 60 | 43 | northern red oak,

 |hickory-------------| --- | --- | white ash, white

 |eastern white pine--| 75 | 132 | oak

 |black locust--------| --- | --- |

 | | | |

FkB: | | | |

 Frankstown--------------|northern red oak----| 79 | 61 |black walnut,

 |white oak-----------| 80 | 62 | eastern white

 |hickory-------------| --- | --- | pine, European

 |black locust--------| --- | --- | larch, Norway

 |red maple-----------| --- | --- | spruce, Virginia

 | | | | pine

 | | | |
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

428

Table 9.--Forestland Productivity--Continued

_________________________________________________________________________________

 | Potential productivity |

 |___________________________________|

 Map symbol and | | | |

 soil name | Common trees |Site | Volume | Trees to manage

 | |index|of wood |

 | | | fiber |

_________________________|____________________|_____|________|___________________

 | | |cu ft/ac|

 | | | |

FkC: | | | |

 Frankstown--------------|northern red oak----| 79 | 61 |black walnut,

 |white oak-----------| 80 | 62 | eastern white

 |hickory-------------| --- | --- | pine, European

 |black locust--------| --- | --- | larch, Norway

 |red maple-----------| --- | --- | spruce, Virginia

 | | | | pine

 | | | |

FkD: | | | |

 Frankstown--------------|northern red oak----| 79 | 61 |black walnut,

 |white oak-----------| 80 | 62 | eastern white

 |hickory-------------| --- | --- | pine, European

 |black locust--------| --- | --- | larch, Norway

 |red maple-----------| --- | --- | spruce, Virginia

 | | | | pine

 | | | |

FoC: | | | |

 Frankstown--------------|northern red oak----| 79 | 61 |black walnut,

 |white oak-----------| 80 | 62 | eastern white

 |hickory-------------| --- | --- | pine, European

 |black locust--------| --- | --- | larch, Norway

 |red maple-----------| --- | --- | spruce, Virginia

 | | | | pine

 | | | |

FoE: | | | |

 Frankstown--------------|northern red oak----| 79 | 61 |black walnut,

 |white oak-----------| 80 | 62 | eastern white

 |hickory-------------| --- | --- | pine, European

 |black locust--------| --- | --- | larch, Norway

 |red maple-----------| --- | --- | spruce, Virginia

 | | | | pine

 | | | |

FrB: | | | |

 Frederick---------------|northern red oak----| 76 | 58 |black walnut,

 |white oak-----------| 76 | 58 | eastern white

 |hickory-------------| --- | --- | pine, Scotch pine

 |black locust--------| 80 | --- |

 |black walnut--------| 76 | --- |

 | | | |

FrC: | | | |

 Frederick---------------|northern red oak----| 76 | 58 |black walnut,

 |white oak-----------| 76 | 58 | eastern white

 |hickory-------------| --- | --- | pine, Scotch pine

 |black locust--------| 80 | --- |

 |black walnut--------| 76 | --- |

 | | | |

FrD: | | | |

 Frederick---------------|northern red oak----| 76 | 58 |black walnut,

 |white oak-----------| 76 | 58 | eastern white

 |hickory-------------| --- | --- | pine, Scotch pine

 |black locust--------| 80 | --- |

 |black walnut--------| 76 | --- |

 | | | |

FyC: | | | |

 Frederick---------------|northern red oak----| 76 | 58 |black walnut,

 |white oak-----------| 76 | 58 | eastern white

 |hickory-------------| --- | --- | pine, Scotch pine

 |black locust--------| 80 | --- |

 |black walnut--------| 76 | --- |

 | | | |
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

429

Table 9.--Forestland Productivity--Continued

_________________________________________________________________________________

 | Potential productivity |

 |___________________________________|

 Map symbol and | | | |

 soil name | Common trees |Site | Volume | Trees to manage

 | |index|of wood |

 | | | fiber |

_________________________|____________________|_____|________|___________________

 | | |cu ft/ac|

 | | | |

FyC: | | | |

 Caneyville--------------|northern red oak----| 70 | 52 |eastern white pine,

 |white oak-----------| 60 | 43 | Scotch pine,

 |hickory-------------| --- | --- | Virginia pine,

 |eastern redcedar----| --- | --- | white oak

 |black walnut--------| --- | --- |

 | | | |

FyE: | | | |

 Frederick---------------|northern red oak----| 76 | 58 |black walnut,

 |white oak-----------| 76 | 58 | eastern white

 |hickory-------------| --- | --- | pine, Scotch pine

 |black locust--------| 80 | --- |

 |black walnut--------| 76 | --- |

 | | | |

 Caneyville--------------|northern red oak----| 70 | 52 |eastern white pine,

 |white oak-----------| 60 | 43 | northern red oak,

 |hickory-------------| --- | --- | white ash, white

 |eastern redcedar----| --- | --- | oak, yellow-poplar

 |black walnut--------| --- | --- |

 | | | |

GaC: | | | |

 Gauley------------------|red spruce----------| 42 | 88 |Austrian pine,

 |yellow birch--------| --- | --- | eastern white

 |red maple-----------| --- | --- | pine, Norway

 |bigtooth aspen------| --- | --- | spruce, red pine,

 | | | | red spruce

 | | | |

GaE: | | | |

 Gauley------------------|red spruce----------| 42 | 88 |Austrian pine,

 |yellow birch--------| --- | --- | eastern white

 |red maple-----------| --- | --- | pine, Norway

 |bigtooth aspen------| --- | --- | spruce, red pine,

 | | | | red spruce

 | | | |

GnC: | | | |

 Gilpin------------------|northern red oak----| 80 | 62 | ---

 |white oak-----------| 74 | 56 |

 |yellow-poplar-------| 95 | 98 |

 |hickory-------------| --- | --- |

 |American beech------| --- | --- |

 | | | |

GnD: | | | |

 Gilpin------------------|northern red oak----| 80 | 62 | ---

 |white oak-----------| 74 | 56 |

 |yellow-poplar-------| 95 | 98 |

 |hickory-------------| --- | --- |

 |American beech------| --- | --- |

 | | | |

GpC: | | | |

 Gilpin------------------|northern red oak----| 80 | 62 | ---

 |white oak-----------| 74 | 56 |

 |yellow-poplar-------| 95 | 98 |

 |hickory-------------| --- | --- |

 |American beech------| --- | --- |

 | | | |

GpE: | | | |

 Gilpin------------------|northern red oak----| 80 | 62 | ---

 |white oak-----------| 74 | 56 |

 |yellow-poplar-------| 95 | 98 |

 |hickory-------------| --- | --- |

 |American beech------| --- | --- |
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

430

Table 9.--Forestland Productivity--Continued

_________________________________________________________________________________

 | Potential productivity |

 |___________________________________|

 Map symbol and | | | |

 soil name | Common trees |Site | Volume | Trees to manage

 | |index|of wood |

 | | | fiber |

_________________________|____________________|_____|________|___________________

 | | |cu ft/ac|

 | | | |

Ho: | | | |

 Holly-------------------|pin oak-------------| 90 | 72 |American sycamore,

 |American sycamore---| --- | --- | baldcypress,

 |river birch---------| --- | --- | eastern

 |red maple-----------| --- | --- | cottonwood, green

 |eastern white pine--| --- | --- | ash, pin oak, red

 | | | | maple, silver

 | | | | maple, swamp white

 | | | | oak, sweetgum

 | | | |

KxF: | | | |

 Kaymine-----------------|northern red oak----| 80 | 62 | ---

 |yellow-poplar-------| 105 | 115 |

 |eastern white pine--| 94 | --- |

 |American sycamore---| 90 | --- |

 |black locust--------| --- | --- |

 |sweet birch---------| --- | --- |

 | | | |

 Rock outcrop------------| --- | --- | --- | ---

 | | | |

LcC: | | | |

 Leatherbark-------------|red spruce----------| 45 | 95 | ---

 |black cherry--------| 70 | 43 |

 |American beech------| --- | --- |

 |yellow birch--------| --- | --- |

 |red maple-----------| --- | --- |

 |sugar maple---------| --- | --- |

 |eastern hemlock-----| --- | --- |

 | | | |

LgB: | | | |

 Lily--------------------|northern red oak----| 60 | 43 | ---

 |white oak-----------| 60 | 43 |

 |scarlet oak---------| 60 | 43 |

 |eastern white pine--| --- | --- |

 |red maple-----------| --- | --- |

 | | | |

LgC: | | | |

 Lily--------------------|northern red oak----| 60 | 43 |eastern white pine,

 |white oak-----------| 60 | 43 | northern red oak,

 |scarlet oak---------| 60 | 43 | shortleaf pine,

 |eastern white pine--| --- | --- | white oak, yellow-

 |red maple-----------| --- | --- | poplar

 | | | |

LhE: | | | |

 Lily--------------------|northern red oak----| 60 | 43 | ---

 |white oak-----------| 60 | 43 |

 |scarlet oak---------| 60 | 43 |

 |eastern white pine--| --- | --- |

 |red maple-----------| --- | --- |

 | | | |

Lo: | | | |

 Lobdell-----------------|northern red oak----| 87 | 69 |eastern white pine,

 |white oak-----------| 85 | 67 | northern red oak,

 |eastern white pine--| --- | --- | red pine, white

 |river birch---------| --- | --- | ash, white oak,

 |American sycamore---| --- | --- | yellow-poplar

 | | | |
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

431

Table 9.--Forestland Productivity--Continued

_________________________________________________________________________________

 | Potential productivity |

 |___________________________________|

 Map symbol and | | | |

 soil name | Common trees |Site | Volume | Trees to manage

 | |index|of wood |

 | | | fiber |

_________________________|____________________|_____|________|___________________

 | | |cu ft/ac|

 | | | |

MaB: | | | |

 Macove------------------|white oak-----------| 70 | 52 |eastern white pine,

 |Virginia pine-------| 68 | 105 | yellow-poplar

 |eastern white pine--| --- | --- |

 |red maple-----------| --- | --- |

 |eastern hemlock-----| --- | --- |

 |hickory-------------| --- | --- |

 | | | |

MaC: | | | |

 Macove------------------|white oak-----------| 70 | 52 |eastern white pine,

 |Virginia pine-------| 68 | 105 | yellow-poplar

 |eastern white pine--| --- | --- |

 |red maple-----------| --- | --- |

 |eastern hemlock-----| --- | --- |

 |hickory-------------| --- | --- |

 | | | |

MaD: | | | |

 Macove------------------|white oak-----------| 70 | 52 |eastern white pine,

 |Virginia pine-------| 68 | 105 | yellow-poplar

 |eastern white pine--| --- | --- |

 |red maple-----------| --- | --- |

 |eastern hemlock-----| --- | --- |

 |hickory-------------| --- | --- |

 | | | |

McC: | | | |

 Macove------------------|white oak-----------| 70 | 52 |eastern white pine,

 |Virginia pine-------| 68 | 105 | yellow-poplar

 |eastern white pine--| --- | --- |

 |red maple-----------| --- | --- |

 |eastern hemlock-----| --- | --- |

 |hickory-------------| --- | --- |

 | | | |

McE: | | | |

 Macove------------------|white oak-----------| 70 | 52 |eastern white pine,

 |Virginia pine-------| 68 | 105 | yellow-poplar

 |eastern white pine--| --- | --- |

 |red maple-----------| --- | --- |

 |eastern hemlock-----| --- | --- |

 |hickory-------------| --- | --- |

 | | | |

MeF: | | | |

 Macove------------------|white oak-----------| 70 | 52 |eastern white pine,

 |Virginia pine-------| 68 | 105 | yellow-poplar

 |eastern white pine--| --- | --- |

 |red maple-----------| --- | --- |

 |eastern hemlock-----| --- | --- |

 |hickory-------------| --- | --- |

 | | | |

 Gilpin------------------|northern red oak----| 80 | 62 | ---

 |white oak-----------| 74 | 56 |

 |yellow-poplar-------| 95 | 98 |

 |hickory-------------| --- | --- |

 |American beech------| --- | --- |

 | | | |

MkC: | | | |

 Mandy-------------------|black cherry--------| 80 | 50 |black cherry,

 |American beech------| --- | --- | Norway spruce, red

 |sugar maple---------| --- | --- | pine

 |yellow birch--------| --- | --- |

 |red spruce----------| 65 | 152 |

 | | | |
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

432

Table 9.--Forestland Productivity--Continued

_________________________________________________________________________________

 | Potential productivity |

 |___________________________________|

 Map symbol and | | | |

 soil name | Common trees |Site | Volume | Trees to manage

 | |index|of wood |

 | | | fiber |

_________________________|____________________|_____|________|___________________

 | | |cu ft/ac|

 | | | |

MkE: | | | |

 Mandy-------------------|black cherry--------| 80 | 50 |black cherry,

 |American beech------| --- | --- | Norway spruce, red

 |sugar maple---------| --- | --- | pine

 |yellow birch--------| --- | --- |

 |red spruce----------| 65 | 152 |

 | | | |

MkF: | | | |

 Mandy-------------------|black cherry--------| 80 | 50 |black cherry,

 |American beech------| --- | --- | Norway spruce, red

 |sugar maple---------| --- | --- | pine

 |yellow birch--------| --- | --- |

 |red spruce----------| 65 | 152 |

 | | | |

MkG: | | | |

 Mandy-------------------|black cherry--------| 80 | 50 |black cherry,

 |American beech------| --- | --- | Norway spruce, red

 |sugar maple---------| --- | --- | pine

 |yellow birch--------| --- | --- |

 |red spruce----------| 65 | 152 |

 | | | |

Ml: | | | |

 Melvin------------------|pin oak-------------| 99 | 81 |American sycamore,

 |eastern cottonwood--| 95 | 116 | eastern

 |sweetgum------------| 92 | 112 | cottonwood,

 |American elm--------| --- | --- | loblolly pine, pin

 |green ash-----------| --- | --- | oak, sweetgum

 |red maple-----------| --- | --- |

 |hickory-------------| --- | --- |

 |common hackberry----| --- | --- |

 | | | |

 Lindside----------------|northern red oak----| 86 | 68 |black oak, black

 |yellow-poplar-------| 95 | 98 | walnut, eastern

 |black walnut--------| --- | --- | white pine,

 |white ash-----------| 85 | 111 | Japanese larch,

 |white oak-----------| 85 | 67 | northern red oak,

 |red maple-----------| --- | --- | Norway spruce,

 | | | | shortleaf pine,

 | | | | white ash, white

 | | | | oak, yellow-poplar

 | | | |

MzC: | | | |

 Mertz-------------------|northern red oak----| 80 | 62 |eastern white pine,

 |white oak-----------| 80 | 62 | Japanese larch,

 |eastern white pine--| --- | --- | Norway spruce,

 |red maple-----------| --- | --- | Virginia pine,

 |pitch pine----------| 75 | --- | yellow-poplar

 | | | |

MzE: | | | |

 Mertz-------------------|northern red oak----| 80 | 62 |eastern white pine,

 |white oak-----------| 80 | 62 | Japanese larch,

 |eastern white pine--| --- | --- | Norway spruce,

 |red maple-----------| --- | --- | Virginia pine,

 |pitch pine----------| 75 | --- | yellow-poplar

 | | | |

No: | | | |

 Nolin-------------------|northern red oak----| 85 | 67 | ---

 |yellow-poplar-------| 107 | 119 |

 |American sycamore---| --- | --- |

 |sweetgum------------| 92 | 112 |

 |eastern cottonwood--| --- | --- |
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

433

Table 9.--Forestland Productivity--Continued

_________________________________________________________________________________

 | Potential productivity |

 |___________________________________|

 Map symbol and | | | |

 soil name | Common trees |Site | Volume | Trees to manage

 | |index|of wood |

 | | | fiber |

_________________________|____________________|_____|________|___________________

 | | |cu ft/ac|

 | | | |

Ph: | | | |

 Philo-------------------|northern red oak----| 86 | 68 |eastern white pine,

 |white oak-----------| 85 | 67 | yellow-poplar

 |eastern white pine--| --- | --- |

 |river birch---------| --- | --- |

 |American sycamore---| --- | --- |

 | | | |

Po: | | | |

 Pope--------------------|northern red oak----| 80 | 62 | ---

 |white oak-----------| 80 | 62 |

 |yellow-poplar-------| 96 | 100 |

 |eastern white pine--| --- | --- |

 |sugar maple---------| --- | --- |

 | | | |

Pt: | | | |

 Potomac-----------------|northern red oak----| 70 | 52 |American sycamore,

 |white oak-----------| 70 | 52 | black walnut,

 |eastern white pine--| 80 | 144 | eastern white

 |river birch---------| --- | --- | pine, Japanese

 |American sycamore---| --- | --- | larch, northern

 | | | | red oak, white oak

 | | | |

PuA: | | | |

 Purdy-------------------|pin oak-------------| 85 | 66 |eastern white pine,

 |yellow-poplar-------| 90 | 90 | loblolly pine,

 |sweetgum------------| 85 | 93 | Virginia pine

 | | | |

Qu: | | | |

 Quarry------------------| --- | --- | --- | ---

 | | | |

Se: | | | |

 Sensabaugh--------------|white oak-----------| 80 | 62 |black walnut,

 |yellow-poplar-------| 100 | 107 | loblolly pine,

 |river birch---------| --- | --- | yellow-poplar

 |American sycamore---| --- | --- |

 | | | |

SfB: | | | |

 Shouns------------------|northern red oak----| 70 | 52 |eastern white pine,

 |American beech------| --- | --- | loblolly pine,

 |yellow-poplar-------| 90 | 90 | shortleaf pine,

 |black cherry--------| --- | --- | yellow-poplar

 |eastern hemlock-----| --- | --- |

 |white oak-----------| 70 | 52 |

 |sugar maple---------| --- | --- |

 | | | |

SfC: | | | |

 Shouns------------------|northern red oak----| 70 | 52 |eastern white pine,

 |American beech------| --- | --- | loblolly pine,

 |yellow-poplar-------| 90 | 90 | shortleaf pine,

 |black cherry--------| --- | --- | yellow-poplar

 |eastern hemlock-----| --- | --- |

 |white oak-----------| 70 | 52 |

 |sugar maple---------| --- | --- |

 | | | |
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

434

Table 9.--Forestland Productivity--Continued

_________________________________________________________________________________

 | Potential productivity |

 |___________________________________|

 Map symbol and | | | |

 soil name | Common trees |Site | Volume | Trees to manage

 | |index|of wood |

 | | | fiber |

_________________________|____________________|_____|________|___________________

 | | |cu ft/ac|

 | | | |

ShC: | | | |

 Shouns------------------|northern red oak----| 70 | 52 |eastern white pine,

 |American beech------| --- | --- | loblolly pine,

 |yellow-poplar-------| 90 | 90 | shortleaf pine,

 |black cherry--------| --- | --- | yellow-poplar

 |eastern hemlock-----| --- | --- |

 |white oak-----------| 70 | 52 |

 |sugar maple---------| --- | --- |

 | | | |

ShE: | | | |

 Shouns------------------|northern red oak----| 70 | 52 |eastern white pine,

 |American beech------| --- | --- | loblolly pine,

 |yellow-poplar-------| 90 | 90 | shortleaf pine,

 |black cherry--------| --- | --- | yellow-poplar

 |eastern hemlock-----| --- | --- |

 |white oak-----------| 70 | 52 |

 |sugar maple---------| --- | --- |

 | | | |

ShF: | | | |

 Shouns------------------|northern red oak----| 70 | 52 |eastern white pine,

 |American beech------| --- | --- | loblolly pine,

 |yellow-poplar-------| 90 | 90 | shortleaf pine,

 |black cherry--------| --- | --- | yellow-poplar

 |eastern hemlock-----| --- | --- |

 |white oak-----------| 70 | 52 |

 |sugar maple---------| --- | --- |

 | | | |

SmC: | | | |

 Simoda------------------|red spruce----------| 45 | 95 | ---

 |red maple-----------| --- | --- |

 |black cherry--------| 60 | 38 |

 |yellow birch--------| --- | --- |

 | | | |

SoC: | | | |

 Snowdog-----------------|black cherry--------| 80 | 50 |Norway spruce, red

 |red spruce----------| 65 | 152 | maple

 |red maple-----------| --- | --- |

 |yellow birch--------| --- | --- |

 | | | |

SoE: | | | |

 Snowdog-----------------|black cherry--------| 80 | 50 |Norway spruce, red

 |red spruce----------| 65 | 152 | maple

 |red maple-----------| --- | --- |

 |yellow birch--------| --- | --- |

 | | | |

SoF: | | | |

 Snowdog-----------------|black cherry--------| 80 | 50 |Norway spruce, red

 |red spruce----------| 65 | 152 | maple

 |red maple-----------| --- | --- |

 |yellow birch--------| --- | --- |

 | | | |

SvC: | | | |

 Summers-----------------|northern red oak----| 70 | 52 |eastern white pine,

 |black cherry--------| 70 | 43 | Virginia pine

 |red maple-----------| --- | --- |

 |sugar maple---------| --- | --- |

 |yellow birch--------| --- | --- |

 |American beech------| --- | --- |

 | | | |
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

435

Table 9.--Forestland Productivity--Continued

_________________________________________________________________________________

 | Potential productivity |

 |___________________________________|

 Map symbol and | | | |

 soil name | Common trees |Site | Volume | Trees to manage

 | |index|of wood |

 | | | fiber |

_________________________|____________________|_____|________|___________________

 | | |cu ft/ac|

 | | | |

Tp: | | | |

 Tioga-------------------|northern red oak----| 75 | 57 |black walnut,

 |yellow-poplar-------| 85 | 81 | eastern white

 |American sycamore---| --- | --- | pine, European

 |river birch---------| --- | --- | larch, Norway

 |yellow buckeye------| --- | --- | spruce, yellow-

 | | | | poplar

 | | | |

 Potomac-----------------|northern red oak----| 70 | 52 |American sycamore,

 |white oak-----------| 70 | 52 | black walnut,

 |eastern white pine--| 80 | 144 | eastern white

 |river birch---------| --- | --- | pine, Japanese

 |American sycamore---| --- | --- | larch, northern

 | | | | red oak, white oak

 | | | |

TrC: | | | |

 Trussel-----------------|red spruce----------| 45 | 95 |Norway spruce, red

 |red maple-----------| --- | --- | maple

 |black cherry--------| 60 | 38 |

 |yellow birch--------| --- | --- |

 | | | |

Uf: | | | |

 Udifluvents-------------| --- | --- | --- | ---

 | | | |

 Fluvaquents-------------| --- | --- | --- | ---

 | | | |

Ux: | | | |

 Udorthents--------------| --- | --- | --- | ---

 | | | |

 Rock outcrop------------| --- | --- | --- | ---

 | | | |

WeC: | | | |

 Weikert-----------------|northern red oak----| 50 | 34 |eastern white pine,

 |chestnut oak--------| 50 | 34 | red pine,

 |scarlet oak---------| 50 | 34 | shortleaf pine,

 |white oak-----------| 50 | 34 | Virginia pine

 |pitch pine----------| 50 | --- |

 |hickory-------------| --- | --- |

 | | | |

WeD: | | | |

 Weikert-----------------|northern red oak----| 50 | 34 |eastern white pine,

 |chestnut oak--------| 50 | 34 | shortleaf pine,

 |scarlet oak---------| 50 | 34 | Virginia pine

 |white oak-----------| 50 | 34 |

 |pitch pine----------| 50 | --- |

 |hickory-------------| --- | --- |

 | | | |

WeF: | | | |

 Weikert-----------------|northern red oak----| 50 | 34 |eastern white pine,

 |chestnut oak--------| 50 | 34 | shortleaf pine,

 |scarlet oak---------| 50 | 34 | Virginia pine

 |white oak-----------| 50 | 34 |

 |pitch pine----------| 50 | --- |

 |hickory-------------| --- | --- |

 | | | |
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

436

Table 9.--Forestland Productivity--Continued

_________________________________________________________________________________

 | Potential productivity |

 |___________________________________|

 Map symbol and | | | |

 soil name | Common trees |Site | Volume | Trees to manage

 | |index|of wood |

 | | | fiber |

_________________________|____________________|_____|________|___________________

 | | |cu ft/ac|

 | | | |

WrG: | | | |

 Weikert-----------------|northern red oak----| 50 | 34 |eastern white pine,

 |chestnut oak--------| 50 | 34 | shortleaf pine,

 |scarlet oak---------| 50 | 34 | Virginia pine

 |white oak-----------| 50 | 34 |

 |pitch pine----------| 50 | --- |

 |hickory-------------| --- | --- |

 | | | |

 Berks-------------------|northern red oak----| 65 | 48 |eastern white pine,

 |white oak-----------| 65 | 48 | Japanese larch,

 |hickory-------------| --- | --- | Norway spruce, red

 |eastern white pine--| 70 | 121 | pine, Virginia

 |red maple-----------| --- | --- | pine

 | | | |

 Rough-------------------|northern red oak----| 42 | 28 |Virginia pine

 |Virginia pine-------| 38 | --- |

 |chestnut oak--------| 38 | --- |

 | | | |

ZoA: | | | |

 Zoar--------------------|northern red oak----| 70 | 52 | ---

 |yellow-poplar-------| 80 | 71 |

 |Virginia pine-------| 70 | 109 |

 |eastern white pine--| 80 | 181 |

 |black oak-----------| 70 | 52 |

 |white oak-----------| 70 | 52 |

 |red maple-----------| --- | --- |

_________________________|____________________|_____|________|___________________
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

437

Table 10a.--Forestland Management

(The information in this table indicates the dominant soil condition but does not eliminate the need for

 onsite investigation. The numbers in the value columns range from 0.01 to 1.00. The larger the

 value, the greater the limitation. See text for further explanation of ratings in this table.)

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 |Pct.| Limitations affecting | Suitability for | Soil rutting hazard

 Map symbol | of | construction of haul | log landings |

 and soil name |map | roads and log landings | |

 |unit|_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 | | Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

AlB: | | | | | | |

 Allegheny-----------| 90 |Moderate | |Moderately suited | |Severe |

 | | Low strength |0.50 | Low strength |0.50 | Low strength |1.00

 | | Landslides |0.10 | Landslides |0.10 | |

 | | | | | | |

AlC: | | | | | | |

 Allegheny-----------| 90 |Moderate | |Moderately suited | |Severe |

 | | Low strength |0.50 | Slope |0.50 | Low strength |1.00

 | | | | Low strength |0.50 | |

 | | | | | | |

An: | | | | | | |

 Atkins--------------| 35 |Severe | |Poorly suited | |Severe |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00 | Low strength |1.00

 | | Low strength |0.50 | Wetness |1.00 | |

 | | | | Low strength |0.50 | |

 | | | | | | |

 Philo---------------| 30 |Severe | |Poorly suited | |Severe |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00 | Low strength |1.00

 | | Low strength |0.50 | Low strength |0.50 | |

 | | | | | | |

 Potomac-------------| 20 |Severe | |Poorly suited | |Moderate |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00 | Low strength |0.50

 | | | | | | |

BaE: | | | | | | |

 Belmont-------------| 75 |Moderate | |Poorly suited | |Severe |

 | | Slope |0.50 | Slope |1.00 | Low strength |1.00

 | | Restrictive layer|0.50 | Low strength |0.50 | |

 | | | | | | |

BcC: | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 80 |Slight | |Moderately suited | |Slight |

 | | | | Slope |0.50 | Strength |0.10

 | | | | | | |

BcE: | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 75 |Moderate | |Poorly suited | |Slight |

 | | Slope |0.50 | Slope |1.00 | Strength |0.10

 | | | | | | |

BcF: | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 75 |Severe | |Poorly suited | |Slight |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Strength |0.10

 | | | | | | |

BkG: | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 35 |Severe | |Poorly suited | |Slight |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Strength |0.10

 | | | | | | |

 Weikert-------------| 25 |Severe | |Poorly suited | |Slight |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Strength |0.10

 | | | | | | |

 Calvin--------------| 20 |Severe | |Poorly suited | |Severe |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Low strength |1.00

 | | | | Low strength |0.50 | |

 | | | | | | |

BlC: | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 60 |Slight | |Moderately suited | |Slight |

 | | | | Slope |0.50 | Strength |0.10

 | | | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 30 |Moderate | |Moderately suited | |Moderate |

 | | Restrictive layer|0.50 | Slope |0.50 | Low strength |0.50
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

438

Table 10a.--Forestland Management--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 |Pct.| Limitations affecting | Suitability for | Soil rutting hazard

 Map symbol | of | construction of haul | log landings |

 and soil name |map | roads and log landings | |

 |unit|_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 | | Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

BlE: | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 55 |Moderate | |Poorly suited | |Slight |

 | | Slope |0.50 | Slope |1.00 | Strength |0.10

 | | | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 35 |Severe | |Poorly suited | |Moderate |

 | | Restrictive layer|1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Low strength |0.50

 | | Slope |0.50 | | | |

 | | | | | | |

BlF: | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 45 |Severe | |Poorly suited | |Slight |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Strength |0.10

 | | | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 40 |Severe | |Poorly suited | |Moderate |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Low strength |0.50

 | | | | | | |

BrE: | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 50 |Moderate | |Poorly suited | |Slight |

 | | Slope |0.50 | Slope |1.00 | Strength |0.10

 | | | | | | |

 Weikert-------------| 35 |Moderate | |Poorly suited | |Slight |

 | | Slope |0.50 | Slope |1.00 | Strength |0.10

 | | | | | | |

BrF: | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 50 |Severe | |Poorly suited | |Slight |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Strength |0.10

 | | | | | | |

 Weikert-------------| 35 |Severe | |Poorly suited | |Slight |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Strength |0.10

 | | | | | | |

BtC: | | | | | | |

 Blackthorn----------| 75 |Moderate | |Moderately suited | |Moderate |

 | | Stoniness |0.50 | Slope |0.50 | Low strength |0.50

 | | | | Rock fragments |0.50 | |

 | | | | Low strength |0.50 | |

 | | | | | | |

BtE: | | | | | | |

 Blackthorn----------| 75 |Moderate | |Poorly suited | |Moderate |

 | | Slope |0.50 | Slope |1.00 | Low strength |0.50

 | | Stoniness |0.50 | Rock fragments |0.50 | |

 | | | | Low strength |0.50 | |

 | | | | | | |

BxF: | | | | | | |

 Briery--------------| 75 |Severe | |Poorly suited | |Moderate |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Low strength |0.50

 | | | | | | |

 Rock outcrop--------| 15 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | |

CbC: | | | | | | |

 Calvin--------------| 45 |Slight | |Moderately suited | |Severe |

 | | | | Slope |0.50 | Low strength |1.00

 | | | | Low strength |0.50 | |

 | | | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 25 |Moderate | |Moderately suited | |Moderate |

 | | Restrictive layer|0.50 | Slope |0.50 | Low strength |0.50

 | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 20 |Slight | |Moderately suited | |Slight |

 | | | | Slope |0.50 | Strength |0.10

 | | | | | | |
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

439

Table 10a.--Forestland Management--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 |Pct.| Limitations affecting | Suitability for | Soil rutting hazard

 Map symbol | of | construction of haul | log landings |

 and soil name |map | roads and log landings | |

 |unit|_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 | | Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

CbE: | | | | | | |

 Calvin--------------| 35 |Moderate | |Poorly suited | |Severe |

 | | Slope |0.50 | Slope |1.00 | Low strength |1.00

 | | | | Low strength |0.50 | |

 | | | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 30 |Severe | |Poorly suited | |Moderate |

 | | Restrictive layer|1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Low strength |0.50

 | | Slope |0.50 | | | |

 | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 20 |Moderate | |Poorly suited | |Slight |

 | | Slope |0.50 | Slope |1.00 | Strength |0.10

 | | | | | | |

CbF: | | | | | | |

 Calvin--------------| 35 |Severe | |Poorly suited | |Severe |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Low strength |1.00

 | | | | Low strength |0.50 | |

 | | | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 25 |Severe | |Poorly suited | |Moderate |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Low strength |0.50

 | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 20 |Severe | |Poorly suited | |Slight |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Strength |0.10

 | | | | | | |

CeF: | | | | | | |

 Caneyville----------| 40 |Severe | |Poorly suited | |Severe |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Low strength |1.00

 | | Low strength |0.50 | Low strength |0.50 | |

 | | | | | | |

 Frederick-----------| 30 |Severe | |Poorly suited | |Severe |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Low strength |1.00

 | | Low strength |0.50 | Low strength |0.50 | |

 | | | | | | |

 Rock outcrop--------| 20 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | |

CfB: | | | | | | |

 Cateache------------| 85 |Moderate | |Moderately suited | |Severe |

 | | Low strength |0.50 | Low strength |0.50 | Low strength |1.00

 | | | | Slope |0.50 | |

 | | | | | | |

CfC: | | | | | | |

 Cateache------------| 85 |Moderate | |Moderately suited | |Severe |

 | | Low strength |0.50 | Slope |0.50 | Low strength |1.00

 | | | | Low strength |0.50 | |

 | | | | | | |

CfD: | | | | | | |

 Cateache------------| 85 |Moderate | |Poorly suited | |Severe |

 | | Slope |0.50 | Slope |1.00 | Low strength |1.00

 | | Landslides |0.50 | Low strength |0.50 | |

 | | | | Landslides |0.50 | |

 | | | | | | |

CfE: | | | | | | |

 Cateache------------| 85 |Moderate | |Poorly suited | |Severe |

 | | Slope |0.50 | Slope |1.00 | Low strength |1.00

 | | Landslides |0.50 | Low strength |0.50 | |

 | | | | Landslides |0.50 | |

 | | | | | | |
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

440

Table 10a.--Forestland Management--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 |Pct.| Limitations affecting | Suitability for | Soil rutting hazard

 Map symbol | of | construction of haul | log landings |

 and soil name |map | roads and log landings | |

 |unit|_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 | | Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

CfF: | | | | | | |

 Cateache------------| 85 |Severe | |Poorly suited | |Severe |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Low strength |1.00

 | | Landslides |0.50 | Low strength |0.50 | |

 | | Low strength |0.50 | Landslides |0.50 | |

 | | | | | | |

CgC: | | | | | | |

 Cateache------------| 85 |Moderate | |Moderately suited | |Severe |

 | | Low strength |0.50 | Slope |0.50 | Low strength |1.00

 | | | | Low strength |0.50 | |

 | | | | | | |

CgE: | | | | | | |

 Cateache------------| 85 |Moderate | |Poorly suited | |Severe |

 | | Slope |0.50 | Slope |1.00 | Low strength |1.00

 | | Landslides |0.50 | Low strength |0.50 | |

 | | | | Landslides |0.50 | |

 | | | | | | |

CgF: | | | | | | |

 Cateache------------| 85 |Severe | |Poorly suited | |Severe |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Low strength |1.00

 | | Landslides |0.50 | Low strength |0.50 | |

 | | Low strength |0.50 | Landslides |0.50 | |

 | | | | | | |

Ch: | | | | | | |

 Chavies-------------| 85 |Slight | |Well suited | |Moderate |

 | | | | | | Low strength |0.50

 | | | | | | |

CpB: | | | | | | |

 Cookport------------| 80 |Moderate | |Moderately suited | |Severe |

 | | Low strength |0.50 | Low strength |0.50 | Low strength |1.00

 | | | | Wetness |0.50 | |

 | | | | | | |

CuB: | | | | | | |

 Culleoka------------| 90 |Moderate | |Moderately suited | |Severe |

 | | Low strength |0.50 | Low strength |0.50 | Low strength |1.00

 | | | | | | |

CuC: | | | | | | |

 Culleoka------------| 85 |Moderate | |Moderately suited | |Severe |

 | | Low strength |0.50 | Slope |0.50 | Low strength |1.00

 | | | | Low strength |0.50 | |

 | | | | | | |

CuD: | | | | | | |

 Culleoka------------| 85 |Moderate | |Poorly suited | |Severe |

 | | Slope |0.50 | Slope |1.00 | Low strength |1.00

 | | | | Low strength |0.50 | |

 | | | | | | |

CyE: | | | | | | |

 Culleoka------------| 80 |Moderate | |Poorly suited | |Severe |

 | | Slope |0.50 | Slope |1.00 | Low strength |1.00

 | | | | Low strength |0.50 | |

 | | | | | | |

CyF: | | | | | | |

 Culleoka------------| 75 |Severe | |Poorly suited | |Severe |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Low strength |1.00

 | | Low strength |0.50 | Low strength |0.50 | |

 | | | | | | |

DeC: | | | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 75 |Moderate | |Moderately suited | |Moderate |

 | | Restrictive layer|0.50 | Slope |0.50 | Low strength |0.50

 | | Stoniness |0.50 | Rock fragments |0.50 | |
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

441

Table 10a.--Forestland Management--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 |Pct.| Limitations affecting | Suitability for | Soil rutting hazard

 Map symbol | of | construction of haul | log landings |

 and soil name |map | roads and log landings | |

 |unit|_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 | | Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

DeE: | | | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 75 |Severe | |Poorly suited | |Moderate |

 | | Restrictive layer|1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Low strength |0.50

 | | Slope |0.50 | Rock fragments |0.50 | |

 | | Stoniness |0.50 | | | |

 | | | | | | |

DeF: | | | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 75 |Severe | |Poorly suited | |Moderate |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Low strength |0.50

 | | Stoniness |0.50 | Rock fragments |0.50 | |

 | | | | | | |

DhC: | | | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 55 |Moderate | |Moderately suited | |Moderate |

 | | Restrictive layer|0.50 | Slope |0.50 | Low strength |0.50

 | | | | | | |

 Hazleton------------| 35 |Slight | |Moderately suited | |Slight |

 | | | | Slope |0.50 | Strength |0.10

 | | | | | | |

DhE: | | | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 55 |Severe | |Poorly suited | |Moderate |

 | | Restrictive layer|1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Low strength |0.50

 | | Slope |0.50 | | | |

 | | | | | | |

 Hazleton------------| 35 |Moderate | |Poorly suited | |Slight |

 | | Slope |0.50 | Slope |1.00 | Strength |0.10

 | | Restrictive layer|0.50 | | | |

 | | | | | | |

DhF: | | | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 55 |Severe | |Poorly suited | |Moderate |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Low strength |0.50

 | | | | | | |

 Hazleton------------| 35 |Severe | |Poorly suited | |Slight |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Strength |0.10

 | | | | | | |

DkF: | | | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 45 |Severe | |Poorly suited | |Moderate |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Low strength |0.50

 | | Stoniness |0.50 | Rock fragments |0.50 | |

 | | | | | | |

 Rock outcrop--------| 40 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | |

Du: | | | | | | |

 Dunning-------------| 85 |Severe | |Poorly suited | |Severe |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Ponding |1.00 | Low strength |1.00

 | | Wetness |1.00 | Flooding |1.00 | Wetness |0.50

 | | Low strength |0.50 | Wetness |1.00 | |

 | | | | | | |

ElF: | | | | | | |

 Elliber-------------| 80 |Severe | |Poorly suited | |Slight |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Strength |0.10

 | | | | | | |

ErB: | | | | | | |

 Ernest--------------| 80 |Moderate | |Moderately suited | |Severe |

 | | Low strength |0.50 | Low strength |0.50 | Low strength |1.00

 | | | | Slope |0.50 | |

 | | | | Wetness |0.50 | |

 | | | | | | |
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

442

Table 10a.--Forestland Management--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 |Pct.| Limitations affecting | Suitability for | Soil rutting hazard

 Map symbol | of | construction of haul | log landings |

 and soil name |map | roads and log landings | |

 |unit|_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 | | Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

EsC: | | | | | | |

 Ernest--------------| 75 |Moderate | |Moderately suited | |Severe |

 | | Stoniness |0.50 | Slope |0.50 | Low strength |1.00

 | | Low strength |0.50 | Rock fragments |0.50 | |

 | | | | Low strength |0.50 | |

 | | | | | | |

FaE: | | | | | | |

 Faywood-------------| 75 |Moderate | |Poorly suited | |Severe |

 | | Slope |0.50 | Slope |1.00 | Low strength |1.00

 | | Restrictive layer|0.50 | Low strength |0.50 | |

 | | | | | | |

FaF: | | | | | | |

 Faywood-------------| 75 |Severe | |Poorly suited | |Severe |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Low strength |1.00

 | | Low strength |0.50 | Low strength |0.50 | |

 | | | | | | |

FkB: | | | | | | |

 Frankstown----------| 75 |Moderate | |Moderately suited | |Severe |

 | | Low strength |0.50 | Low strength |0.50 | Low strength |1.00

 | | | | Slope |0.50 | |

 | | | | | | |

FkC: | | | | | | |

 Frankstown----------| 75 |Moderate | |Moderately suited | |Severe |

 | | Low strength |0.50 | Slope |0.50 | Low strength |1.00

 | | | | Low strength |0.50 | |

 | | | | | | |

FkD: | | | | | | |

 Frankstown----------| 75 |Moderate | |Poorly suited | |Severe |

 | | Slope |0.50 | Slope |1.00 | Low strength |1.00

 | | Restrictive layer|0.50 | Low strength |0.50 | |

 | | | | | | |

FoC: | | | | | | |

 Frankstown----------| 75 |Moderate | |Moderately suited | |Severe |

 | | Low strength |0.50 | Slope |0.50 | Low strength |1.00

 | | | | Low strength |0.50 | |

 | | | | | | |

FoE: | | | | | | |

 Frankstown----------| 75 |Moderate | |Poorly suited | |Severe |

 | | Slope |0.50 | Slope |1.00 | Low strength |1.00

 | | Restrictive layer|0.50 | Low strength |0.50 | |

 | | | | | | |

FrB: | | | | | | |

 Frederick-----------| 80 |Moderate | |Moderately suited | |Severe |

 | | Low strength |0.50 | Low strength |0.50 | Low strength |1.00

 | | | | Slope |0.50 | |

 | | | | | | |

FrC: | | | | | | |

 Frederick-----------| 80 |Moderate | |Moderately suited | |Severe |

 | | Low strength |0.50 | Slope |0.50 | Low strength |1.00

 | | | | Low strength |0.50 | |

 | | | | | | |

FrD: | | | | | | |

 Frederick-----------| 80 |Moderate | |Poorly suited | |Severe |

 | | Slope |0.50 | Slope |1.00 | Low strength |1.00

 | | | | Low strength |0.50 | |

 | | | | | | |
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

443

Table 10a.--Forestland Management--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 |Pct.| Limitations affecting | Suitability for | Soil rutting hazard

 Map symbol | of | construction of haul | log landings |

 and soil name |map | roads and log landings | |

 |unit|_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 | | Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

FyC: | | | | | | |

 Frederick-----------| 45 |Moderate | |Moderately suited | |Severe |

 | | Low strength |0.50 | Slope |0.50 | Low strength |1.00

 | | | | Low strength |0.50 | |

 | | | | | | |

 Caneyville----------| 35 |Moderate | |Moderately suited | |Severe |

 | | Restrictive layer|0.50 | Slope |0.50 | Low strength |1.00

 | | Low strength |0.50 | Low strength |0.50 | |

 | | | | | | |

FyE: | | | | | | |

 Frederick-----------| 40 |Moderate | |Poorly suited | |Severe |

 | | Slope |0.50 | Slope |1.00 | Low strength |1.00

 | | | | Low strength |0.50 | |

 | | | | | | |

 Caneyville----------| 40 |Moderate | |Poorly suited | |Severe |

 | | Slope |0.50 | Slope |1.00 | Low strength |1.00

 | | Restrictive layer|0.50 | Low strength |0.50 | |

 | | | | | | |

GaC: | | | | | | |

 Gauley--------------| 85 |Moderate | |Moderately suited | |Severe |

 | | Restrictive layer|0.50 | Slope |0.50 | Low strength |1.00

 | | Stoniness |0.50 | Rock fragments |0.50 | |

 | | | | | | |

GaE: | | | | | | |

 Gauley--------------| 80 |Severe | |Poorly suited | |Severe |

 | | Restrictive layer|1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Low strength |1.00

 | | Slope |0.50 | Rock fragments |0.50 | |

 | | Stoniness |0.50 | | | |

 | | | | | | |

GnC: | | | | | | |

 Gilpin--------------| 75 |Moderate | |Moderately suited | |Severe |

 | | Low strength |0.50 | Slope |0.50 | Low strength |1.00

 | | | | Low strength |0.50 | |

 | | | | | | |

GnD: | | | | | | |

 Gilpin--------------| 75 |Moderate | |Poorly suited | |Severe |

 | | Slope |0.50 | Slope |1.00 | Low strength |1.00

 | | | | Low strength |0.50 | |

 | | | | | | |

GpC: | | | | | | |

 Gilpin--------------| 75 |Moderate | |Moderately suited | |Severe |

 | | Low strength |0.50 | Slope |0.50 | Low strength |1.00

 | | | | Low strength |0.50 | |

 | | | | | | |

GpE: | | | | | | |

 Gilpin--------------| 75 |Moderate | |Poorly suited | |Severe |

 | | Slope |0.50 | Slope |1.00 | Low strength |1.00

 | | | | Low strength |0.50 | |

 | | | | | | |

Ho: | | | | | | |

 Holly---------------| 90 |Severe | |Poorly suited | |Severe |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00 | Low strength |1.00

 | | Low strength |0.50 | Wetness |1.00 | |

 | | | | Low strength |0.50 | |

 | | | | | | |

KxF: | | | | | | |

 Kaymine-------------| 70 |Severe | |Poorly suited | |Moderate |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Low strength |0.50

 | | | | Sandiness |0.50 | |

 | | | | | | |

 Rock outcrop--------| 15 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

444

Table 10a.--Forestland Management--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 |Pct.| Limitations affecting | Suitability for | Soil rutting hazard

 Map symbol | of | construction of haul | log landings |

 and soil name |map | roads and log landings | |

 |unit|_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 | | Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

LcC: | | | | | | |

 Leatherbark---------| 85 |Moderate | |Poorly suited | |Severe |

 | | Restrictive layer|0.50 | Wetness |1.00 | Low strength |1.00

 | | | | Slope |0.50 | |

 | | | | Low strength |0.50 | |

 | | | | | | |

LgB: | | | | | | |

 Lily----------------| 85 |Moderate | |Moderately suited | |Severe |

 | | Restrictive layer|0.50 | Low strength |0.50 | Low strength |1.00

 | | Low strength |0.50 | Slope |0.50 | |

 | | | | | | |

LgC: | | | | | | |

 Lily----------------| 85 |Moderate | |Moderately suited | |Severe |

 | | Restrictive layer|0.50 | Slope |0.50 | Low strength |1.00

 | | Low strength |0.50 | Low strength |0.50 | |

 | | | | | | |

LhE: | | | | | | |

 Lily----------------| 80 |Severe | |Poorly suited | |Severe |

 | | Restrictive layer|1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Low strength |1.00

 | | Slope |0.50 | Low strength |0.50 | |

 | | | | | | |

Lo: | | | | | | |

 Lobdell-------------| 75 |Severe | |Poorly suited | |Severe |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00 | Low strength |1.00

 | | Low strength |0.50 | Low strength |0.50 | |

 | | | | Wetness |0.50 | |

 | | | | | | |

MaB: | | | | | | |

 Macove--------------| 85 |Slight | |Moderately suited | |Slight |

 | | | | Slope |0.50 | Strength |0.10

 | | | | | | |

MaC: | | | | | | |

 Macove--------------| 85 |Slight | |Moderately suited | |Slight |

 | | | | Slope |0.50 | Strength |0.10

 | | | | | | |

MaD: | | | | | | |

 Macove--------------| 80 |Moderate | |Poorly suited | |Slight |

 | | Slope |0.50 | Slope |1.00 | Strength |0.10

 | | | | | | |

McC: | | | | | | |

 Macove--------------| 80 |Slight | |Moderately suited | |Slight |

 | | | | Slope |0.50 | Strength |0.10

 | | | | | | |

McE: | | | | | | |

 Macove--------------| 75 |Moderate | |Poorly suited | |Slight |

 | | Slope |0.50 | Slope |1.00 | Strength |0.10

 | | | | | | |

MeF: | | | | | | |

 Macove--------------| 55 |Severe | |Poorly suited | |Slight |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Strength |0.10

 | | | | | | |

 Gilpin--------------| 30 |Severe | |Poorly suited | |Severe |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Low strength |1.00

 | | Low strength |0.50 | Low strength |0.50 | |

 | | | | | | |

MkC: | | | | | | |

 Mandy---------------| 85 |Slight | |Moderately suited | |Severe |

 | | | | Slope |0.50 | Low strength |1.00

 | | | | Low strength |0.50 | |

 | | | | | | |
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

445

Table 10a.--Forestland Management--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 |Pct.| Limitations affecting | Suitability for | Soil rutting hazard

 Map symbol | of | construction of haul | log landings |

 and soil name |map | roads and log landings | |

 |unit|_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 | | Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

MkE: | | | | | | |

 Mandy---------------| 80 |Moderate | |Poorly suited | |Severe |

 | | Slope |0.50 | Slope |1.00 | Low strength |1.00

 | | | | Low strength |0.50 | |

 | | | | | | |

MkF: | | | | | | |

 Mandy---------------| 80 |Severe | |Poorly suited | |Severe |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Low strength |1.00

 | | | | Low strength |0.50 | |

 | | | | | | |

MkG: | | | | | | |

 Mandy---------------| 80 |Severe | |Poorly suited | |Severe |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Low strength |1.00

 | | | | Low strength |0.50 | |

 | | | | | | |

Ml: | | | | | | |

 Melvin--------------| 50 |Severe | |Poorly suited | |Severe |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00 | Low strength |1.00

 | | Wetness |1.00 | Wetness |1.00 | Wetness |0.50

 | | Low strength |0.50 | Low strength |0.50 | |

 | | | | | | |

 Lindside------------| 35 |Severe | |Poorly suited | |Severe |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00 | Low strength |1.00

 | | Low strength |0.50 | Low strength |0.50 | |

 | | | | | | |

MzC: | | | | | | |

 Mertz---------------| 75 |Slight | |Moderately suited | |Severe |

 | | | | Slope |0.50 | Low strength |1.00

 | | | | Low strength |0.50 | |

 | | | | | | |

MzE: | | | | | | |

 Mertz---------------| 75 |Moderate | |Poorly suited | |Severe |

 | | Slope |0.50 | Slope |1.00 | Low strength |1.00

 | | | | Low strength |0.50 | |

 | | | | | | |

No: | | | | | | |

 Nolin---------------| 80 |Severe | |Poorly suited | |Severe |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00 | Low strength |1.00

 | | Low strength |0.50 | Low strength |0.50 | |

 | | | | | | |

Ph: | | | | | | |

 Philo---------------| 75 |Severe | |Poorly suited | |Severe |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00 | Low strength |1.00

 | | Low strength |0.50 | Low strength |0.50 | |

 | | | | | | |

Po: | | | | | | |

 Pope----------------| 75 |Severe | |Poorly suited | |Moderate |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00 | Low strength |0.50

 | | | | | | |

Pt: | | | | | | |

 Potomac-------------| 80 |Severe | |Poorly suited | |Moderate |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00 | Low strength |0.50

 | | | | | | |

PuA: | | | | | | |

 Purdy---------------| 80 |Moderate | |Moderately suited | |Severe |

 | | Low strength |0.50 | Low strength |0.50 | Low strength |1.00

 | | | | Wetness |0.50 | |

 | | | | | | |

Qu: | | | | | | |

 Quarry--------------| 80 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

446

Table 10a.--Forestland Management--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 |Pct.| Limitations affecting | Suitability for | Soil rutting hazard

 Map symbol | of | construction of haul | log landings |

 and soil name |map | roads and log landings | |

 |unit|_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 | | Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

Se: | | | | | | |

 Sensabaugh----------| 80 |Severe | |Poorly suited | |Severe |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00 | Low strength |1.00

 | | Low strength |0.50 | Low strength |0.50 | |

 | | | | | | |

SfB: | | | | | | |

 Shouns--------------| 85 |Moderate | |Moderately suited | |Severe |

 | | Low strength |0.50 | Low strength |0.50 | Low strength |1.00

 | | | | Slope |0.50 | |

 | | | | | | |

SfC: | | | | | | |

 Shouns--------------| 85 |Moderate | |Moderately suited | |Severe |

 | | Low strength |0.50 | Slope |0.50 | Low strength |1.00

 | | | | Low strength |0.50 | |

 | | | | | | |

ShC: | | | | | | |

 Shouns--------------| 80 |Moderate | |Moderately suited | |Severe |

 | | Stoniness |0.50 | Slope |0.50 | Low strength |1.00

 | | Low strength |0.50 | Rock fragments |0.50 | |

 | | | | Low strength |0.50 | |

 | | | | | | |

ShE: | | | | | | |

 Shouns--------------| 75 |Moderate | |Poorly suited | |Severe |

 | | Slope |0.50 | Slope |1.00 | Low strength |1.00

 | | Stoniness |0.50 | Rock fragments |0.50 | |

 | | | | Low strength |0.50 | |

 | | | | | | |

ShF: | | | | | | |

 Shouns--------------| 75 |Severe | |Poorly suited | |Severe |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Low strength |1.00

 | | Stoniness |0.50 | Rock fragments |0.50 | |

 | | Low strength |0.50 | Low strength |0.50 | |

 | | | | | | |

SmC: | | | | | | |

 Simoda--------------| 75 |Moderate | |Moderately suited | |Severe |

 | | Stoniness |0.50 | Slope |0.50 | Low strength |1.00

 | | Low strength |0.50 | Rock fragments |0.50 | |

 | | | | Low strength |0.50 | |

 | | | | | | |

SoC: | | | | | | |

 Snowdog-------------| 75 |Moderate | |Moderately suited | |Severe |

 | | Stoniness |0.50 | Slope |0.50 | Low strength |1.00

 | | Low strength |0.50 | Rock fragments |0.50 | |

 | | Wetness |0.50 | Low strength |0.50 | |

 | | | | | | |

SoE: | | | | | | |

 Snowdog-------------| 75 |Moderate | |Poorly suited | |Severe |

 | | Slope |0.50 | Slope |1.00 | Low strength |1.00

 | | Stoniness |0.50 | Rock fragments |0.50 | |

 | | Wetness |0.50 | Low strength |0.50 | |

 | | | | | | |

SoF: | | | | | | |

 Snowdog-------------| 75 |Severe | |Poorly suited | |Severe |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Low strength |1.00

 | | Stoniness |0.50 | Rock fragments |0.50 | |

 | | Low strength |0.50 | Low strength |0.50 | |

 | | | | | | |

SvC: | | | | | | |

 Summers-------------| 75 |Moderate | |Moderately suited | |Moderate |

 | | Restrictive layer|0.50 | Slope |0.50 | Low strength |0.50

 | | | | | | |
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

447

Table 10a.--Forestland Management--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 |Pct.| Limitations affecting | Suitability for | Soil rutting hazard

 Map symbol | of | construction of haul | log landings |

 and soil name |map | roads and log landings | |

 |unit|_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 | | Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

Tp: | | | | | | |

 Tioga---------------| 55 |Severe | |Poorly suited | |Moderate |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00 | Low strength |0.50

 | | | | | | |

 Potomac-------------| 35 |Severe | |Poorly suited | |Moderate |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00 | Low strength |0.50

 | | | | | | |

TrC: | | | | | | |

 Trussel-------------| 80 |Severe | |Poorly suited | |Severe |

 | | Wetness |1.00 | Wetness |1.00 | Low strength |1.00

 | | Low strength |0.50 | Slope |0.50 | Wetness |0.50

 | | | | Low strength |0.50 | |

 | | | | | | |

Uf: | | | | | | |

 Udifluvents---------| 45 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | |

 Fluvaquents---------| 35 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | |

Ux: | | | | | | |

 Udorthents----------| 60 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | |

 Rock outcrop--------| 35 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | |

WeC: | | | | | | |

 Weikert-------------| 80 |Slight | |Moderately suited | |Slight |

 | | | | Slope |0.50 | Strength |0.10

 | | | | | | |

WeD: | | | | | | |

 Weikert-------------| 75 |Moderate | |Poorly suited | |Slight |

 | | Slope |0.50 | Slope |1.00 | Strength |0.10

 | | | | | | |

WeF: | | | | | | |

 Weikert-------------| 75 |Severe | |Poorly suited | |Slight |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Strength |0.10

 | | | | | | |

WrG: | | | | | | |

 Weikert-------------| 40 |Severe | |Poorly suited | |Slight |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Strength |0.10

 | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 35 |Severe | |Poorly suited | |Slight |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Strength |0.10

 | | | | | | |

 Rough---------------| 15 |Severe | |Poorly suited | |Slight |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Strength |0.10

 | | | | | | |

ZoA: | | | | | | |

 Zoar----------------| 80 |Moderate | |Moderately suited | |Severe |

 | | Low strength |0.50 | Low strength |0.50 | Low strength |1.00

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

448

Table 10b.--Forestland Management

(The information in this table indicates the dominant soil condition but does not eliminate the need for

 onsite investigation. The numbers in the value columns range from 0.01 to 1.00. The larger the

 value, the greater the limitation. See text for further explanation of ratings in this table.)

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 |Pct.| Hazard of off-road | Hazard of erosion | Suitability for roads

 Map symbol | of | or off-trail erosion | on roads and trails | (natural surface)

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

AlB: | | | | | | |

 Allegheny-----------| 90 |Slight | |Moderate | |Moderately suited |

 | | | | Slope |0.50 | Low strength |0.50

 | | | | Erodibility |0.50 | Landslides |0.10

 | | | | | | |

AlC: | | | | | | |

 Allegheny-----------| 90 |Slight | |Severe | |Moderately suited |

 | | | | Slope |0.95 | Slope |0.50

 | | | | Erodibility |0.95 | Low strength |0.50

 | | | | | | |

An: | | | | | | |

 Atkins--------------| 35 |Slight | |Slight | |Poorly suited |

 | | | | | | Flooding |1.00

 | | | | | | Wetness |1.00

 | | | | | | Low strength |0.50

 | | | | | | |

 Philo---------------| 30 |Slight | |Slight | |Poorly suited |

 | | | | | | Flooding |1.00

 | | | | | | Low strength |0.50

 | | | | | | |

 Potomac-------------| 20 |Slight | |Slight | |Poorly suited |

 | | | | | | Flooding |1.00

 | | | | | | |

BaE: | | | | | | |

 Belmont-------------| 75 |Moderate | |Severe | |Poorly suited |

 | | Slope |0.50 | Slope |0.95 | Slope |1.00

 | | Erodibility |0.50 | Erodibility |0.95 | Low strength |0.50

 | | | | | | |

BcC: | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 80 |Slight | |Slight | |Moderately suited |

 | | | | | | Slope |0.50

 | | | | | | |

BcE: | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 75 |Moderate | |Moderate | |Poorly suited |

 | | Slope |0.50 | Slope |0.50 | Slope |1.00

 | | Erodibility |0.50 | Erodibility |0.50 | |

 | | | | | | |

BcF: | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 75 |Severe | |Severe | |Poorly suited |

 | | Slope |0.75 | Slope |0.95 | Slope |1.00

 | | Erodibility |0.75 | Erodibility |0.95 | |

 | | | | | | |

BkG: | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 35 |Very severe | |Severe | |Poorly suited |

 | | Slope |0.95 | Slope |0.95 | Slope |1.00

 | | Erodibility |0.95 | Erodibility |0.95 | |

 | | | | | | |

 Weikert-------------| 25 |Very severe | |Severe | |Poorly suited |

 | | Slope |0.95 | Slope |0.95 | Slope |1.00

 | | Erodibility |0.95 | Erodibility |0.95 | |

 | | | | | | |

 Calvin--------------| 20 |Very severe | |Severe | |Poorly suited |

 | | Slope |0.95 | Slope |0.95 | Slope |1.00

 | | Erodibility |0.95 | Erodibility |0.95 | Low strength |0.50

 | | | | | | |
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

449

Table 10b.--Forestland Management--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 |Pct.| Hazard of off-road | Hazard of erosion | Suitability for roads

 Map symbol | of | or off-trail erosion | on roads and trails | (natural surface)

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

BlC: | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 60 |Slight | |Slight | |Moderately suited |

 | | | | | | Slope |0.50

 | | | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 30 |Slight | |Slight | |Moderately suited |

 | | | | | | Slope |0.50

 | | | | | | |

BlE: | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 55 |Moderate | |Moderate | |Poorly suited |

 | | Slope |0.50 | Slope |0.50 | Slope |1.00

 | | Erodibility |0.50 | Erodibility |0.50 | |

 | | | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 35 |Moderate | |Moderate | |Poorly suited |

 | | Slope |0.50 | Slope |0.50 | Slope |1.00

 | | Erodibility |0.50 | Erodibility |0.50 | |

 | | | | | | |

BlF: | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 45 |Severe | |Severe | |Poorly suited |

 | | Slope |0.75 | Slope |0.95 | Slope |1.00

 | | Erodibility |0.75 | Erodibility |0.95 | |

 | | | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 40 |Severe | |Severe | |Poorly suited |

 | | Slope |0.75 | Slope |0.95 | Slope |1.00

 | | Erodibility |0.75 | Erodibility |0.95 | |

 | | | | | | |

BrE: | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 50 |Moderate | |Moderate | |Poorly suited |

 | | Slope |0.50 | Slope |0.50 | Slope |1.00

 | | Erodibility |0.50 | Erodibility |0.50 | |

 | | | | | | |

 Weikert-------------| 35 |Moderate | |Severe | |Poorly suited |

 | | Slope |0.50 | Slope |0.95 | Slope |1.00

 | | Erodibility |0.50 | Erodibility |0.95 | |

 | | | | | | |

BrF: | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 50 |Severe | |Severe | |Poorly suited |

 | | Slope |0.75 | Slope |0.95 | Slope |1.00

 | | Erodibility |0.75 | Erodibility |0.95 | |

 | | | | | | |

 Weikert-------------| 35 |Severe | |Severe | |Poorly suited |

 | | Slope |0.75 | Slope |0.95 | Slope |1.00

 | | Erodibility |0.75 | Erodibility |0.95 | |

 | | | | | | |

BtC: | | | | | | |

 Blackthorn----------| 75 |Slight | |Moderate | |Moderately suited |

 | | | | Slope |0.50 | Slope |0.50

 | | | | Erodibility |0.50 | Rock fragments |0.50

 | | | | | | Low strength |0.50

 | | | | | | |

BtE: | | | | | | |

 Blackthorn----------| 75 |Moderate | |Severe | |Poorly suited |

 | | Slope |0.50 | Slope |0.95 | Slope |1.00

 | | Erodibility |0.50 | Erodibility |0.95 | Rock fragments |0.50

 | | | | | | Low strength |0.50

 | | | | | | |

BxF: | | | | | | |

 Briery--------------| 75 |Severe | |Severe | |Poorly suited |

 | | Slope |0.75 | Slope |0.95 | Slope |1.00

 | | Erodibility |0.75 | Erodibility |0.95 | |

 | | | | | | |

 Rock outcrop--------| 15 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

450

Table 10b.--Forestland Management--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 |Pct.| Hazard of off-road | Hazard of erosion | Suitability for roads

 Map symbol | of | or off-trail erosion | on roads and trails | (natural surface)

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

CbC: | | | | | | |

 Calvin--------------| 45 |Slight | |Slight | |Moderately suited |

 | | | | | | Slope |0.50

 | | | | | | Low strength |0.50

 | | | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 25 |Slight | |Slight | |Moderately suited |

 | | | | | | Slope |0.50

 | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 20 |Slight | |Slight | |Moderately suited |

 | | | | | | Slope |0.50

 | | | | | | |

CbE: | | | | | | |

 Calvin--------------| 35 |Moderate | |Moderate | |Poorly suited |

 | | Slope |0.50 | Slope |0.50 | Slope |1.00

 | | Erodibility |0.50 | Erodibility |0.50 | Low strength |0.50

 | | | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 30 |Moderate | |Moderate | |Poorly suited |

 | | Slope |0.50 | Slope |0.50 | Slope |1.00

 | | Erodibility |0.50 | Erodibility |0.50 | |

 | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 20 |Moderate | |Moderate | |Poorly suited |

 | | Slope |0.50 | Slope |0.50 | Slope |1.00

 | | Erodibility |0.50 | Erodibility |0.50 | |

 | | | | | | |

CbF: | | | | | | |

 Calvin--------------| 35 |Severe | |Severe | |Poorly suited |

 | | Slope |0.75 | Slope |0.95 | Slope |1.00

 | | Erodibility |0.75 | Erodibility |0.95 | Low strength |0.50

 | | | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 25 |Severe | |Severe | |Poorly suited |

 | | Slope |0.75 | Slope |0.95 | Slope |1.00

 | | Erodibility |0.75 | Erodibility |0.95 | |

 | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 20 |Severe | |Severe | |Poorly suited |

 | | Slope |0.75 | Slope |0.95 | Slope |1.00

 | | Erodibility |0.75 | Erodibility |0.95 | |

 | | | | | | |

CeF: | | | | | | |

 Caneyville----------| 40 |Very severe | |Severe | |Poorly suited |

 | | Slope |0.95 | Slope |0.95 | Slope |1.00

 | | Erodibility |0.95 | Erodibility |0.95 | Low strength |0.50

 | | | | | | |

 Frederick-----------| 30 |Severe | |Severe | |Poorly suited |

 | | Slope |0.75 | Slope |0.95 | Slope |1.00

 | | Erodibility |0.75 | Erodibility |0.95 | Low strength |0.50

 | | | | | | |

 Rock outcrop--------| 20 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | |

CfB: | | | | | | |

 Cateache------------| 85 |Slight | |Moderate | |Moderately suited |

 | | | | Slope |0.50 | Low strength |0.50

 | | | | Erodibility |0.50 | Slope |0.50

 | | | | | | |

CfC: | | | | | | |

 Cateache------------| 85 |Slight | |Severe | |Moderately suited |

 | | | | Slope |0.95 | Slope |0.50

 | | | | Erodibility |0.95 | Low strength |0.50

 | | | | | | |
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

451

Table 10b.--Forestland Management--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 |Pct.| Hazard of off-road | Hazard of erosion | Suitability for roads

 Map symbol | of | or off-trail erosion | on roads and trails | (natural surface)

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

CfD: | | | | | | |

 Cateache------------| 85 |Moderate | |Severe | |Poorly suited |

 | | Slope |0.50 | Slope |0.95 | Slope |1.00

 | | Erodibility |0.50 | Erodibility |0.95 | Low strength |0.50

 | | | | | | Landslides |0.50

 | | | | | | |

CfE: | | | | | | |

 Cateache------------| 85 |Moderate | |Severe | |Poorly suited |

 | | Slope |0.50 | Slope |0.95 | Slope |1.00

 | | Erodibility |0.50 | Erodibility |0.95 | Low strength |0.50

 | | | | | | Landslides |0.50

 | | | | | | |

CfF: | | | | | | |

 Cateache------------| 85 |Severe | |Severe | |Poorly suited |

 | | Slope |0.75 | Slope |0.95 | Slope |1.00

 | | Erodibility |0.75 | Erodibility |0.95 | Low strength |0.50

 | | | | | | Landslides |0.50

 | | | | | | |

CgC: | | | | | | |

 Cateache------------| 85 |Slight | |Severe | |Moderately suited |

 | | | | Slope |0.95 | Slope |0.50

 | | | | Erodibility |0.95 | Low strength |0.50

 | | | | | | |

CgE: | | | | | | |

 Cateache------------| 85 |Moderate | |Severe | |Poorly suited |

 | | Slope |0.50 | Slope |0.95 | Slope |1.00

 | | Erodibility |0.50 | Erodibility |0.95 | Low strength |0.50

 | | | | | | Landslides |0.50

 | | | | | | |

CgF: | | | | | | |

 Cateache------------| 85 |Severe | |Severe | |Poorly suited |

 | | Slope |0.75 | Slope |0.95 | Slope |1.00

 | | Erodibility |0.75 | Erodibility |0.95 | Low strength |0.50

 | | | | | | Landslides |0.50

 | | | | | | |

Ch: | | | | | | |

 Chavies-------------| 85 |Slight | |Slight | |Well suited |

 | | | | | | |

CpB: | | | | | | |

 Cookport------------| 80 |Slight | |Moderate | |Moderately suited |

 | | | | Slope |0.50 | Low strength |0.50

 | | | | Erodibility |0.50 | Wetness |0.50

 | | | | | | |

CuB: | | | | | | |

 Culleoka------------| 90 |Slight | |Moderate | |Moderately suited |

 | | | | Slope |0.50 | Low strength |0.50

 | | | | Erodibility |0.50 | |

 | | | | | | |

CuC: | | | | | | |

 Culleoka------------| 85 |Slight | |Moderate | |Moderately suited |

 | | | | Slope |0.50 | Slope |0.50

 | | | | Erodibility |0.50 | Low strength |0.50

 | | | | | | |

CuD: | | | | | | |

 Culleoka------------| 85 |Moderate | |Severe | |Poorly suited |

 | | Slope |0.50 | Slope |0.95 | Slope |1.00

 | | Erodibility |0.50 | Erodibility |0.95 | Low strength |0.50

 | | | | | | |

CyE: | | | | | | |

 Culleoka------------| 80 |Moderate | |Severe | |Poorly suited |

 | | Slope |0.50 | Slope |0.95 | Slope |1.00

 | | Erodibility |0.50 | Erodibility |0.95 | Low strength |0.50
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

452

Table 10b.--Forestland Management--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 |Pct.| Hazard of off-road | Hazard of erosion | Suitability for roads

 Map symbol | of | or off-trail erosion | on roads and trails | (natural surface)

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

CyF: | | | | | | |

 Culleoka------------| 75 |Severe | |Severe | |Poorly suited |

 | | Slope |0.75 | Slope |0.95 | Slope |1.00

 | | Erodibility |0.75 | Erodibility |0.95 | Low strength |0.50

 | | | | | | |

DeC: | | | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 75 |Slight | |Slight | |Moderately suited |

 | | | | | | Slope |0.50

 | | | | | | Rock fragments |0.50

 | | | | | | |

DeE: | | | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 75 |Moderate | |Moderate | |Poorly suited |

 | | Slope |0.50 | Slope |0.50 | Slope |1.00

 | | Erodibility |0.50 | Erodibility |0.50 | Rock fragments |0.50

 | | | | | | |

DeF: | | | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 75 |Severe | |Severe | |Poorly suited |

 | | Slope |0.75 | Slope |0.95 | Slope |1.00

 | | Erodibility |0.75 | Erodibility |0.95 | Rock fragments |0.50

 | | | | | | |

DhC: | | | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 55 |Slight | |Slight | |Moderately suited |

 | | | | | | Slope |0.50

 | | | | | | |

 Hazleton------------| 35 |Slight | |Slight | |Moderately suited |

 | | | | | | Slope |0.50

 | | | | | | |

DhE: | | | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 55 |Moderate | |Moderate | |Poorly suited |

 | | Slope |0.50 | Slope |0.50 | Slope |1.00

 | | Erodibility |0.50 | Erodibility |0.50 | |

 | | | | | | |

 Hazleton------------| 35 |Moderate | |Moderate | |Poorly suited |

 | | Slope |0.50 | Slope |0.50 | Slope |1.00

 | | Erodibility |0.50 | Erodibility |0.50 | |

 | | | | | | |

DhF: | | | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 55 |Severe | |Severe | |Poorly suited |

 | | Slope |0.75 | Slope |0.95 | Slope |1.00

 | | Erodibility |0.75 | Erodibility |0.95 | |

 | | | | | | |

 Hazleton------------| 35 |Severe | |Severe | |Poorly suited |

 | | Slope |0.75 | Slope |0.95 | Slope |1.00

 | | Erodibility |0.75 | Erodibility |0.95 | |

 | | | | | | |

DkF: | | | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 45 |Very severe | |Severe | |Poorly suited |

 | | Slope |0.95 | Slope |0.95 | Slope |1.00

 | | Erodibility |0.95 | Erodibility |0.95 | Rock fragments |0.50

 | | | | | | |

 Rock outcrop--------| 40 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | |

Du: | | | | | | |

 Dunning-------------| 85 |Slight | |Slight | |Poorly suited |

 | | | | | | Ponding |1.00

 | | | | | | Flooding |1.00

 | | | | | | Wetness |1.00

 | | | | | | |

ElF: | | | | | | |

 Elliber-------------| 80 |Severe | |Severe | |Poorly suited |

 | | Slope |0.75 | Slope |0.95 | Slope |1.00

 | | Erodibility |0.75 | Erodibility |0.95 | |
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

453

Table 10b.--Forestland Management--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 |Pct.| Hazard of off-road | Hazard of erosion | Suitability for roads

 Map symbol | of | or off-trail erosion | on roads and trails | (natural surface)

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

ErB: | | | | | | |

 Ernest--------------| 80 |Slight | |Moderate | |Moderately suited |

 | | | | Slope |0.50 | Low strength |0.50

 | | | | Erodibility |0.50 | Slope |0.50

 | | | | | | Wetness |0.50

 | | | | | | |

EsC: | | | | | | |

 Ernest--------------| 75 |Slight | |Severe | |Moderately suited |

 | | | | Slope |0.95 | Slope |0.50

 | | | | Erodibility |0.95 | Rock fragments |0.50

 | | | | | | Low strength |0.50

 | | | | | | |

FaE: | | | | | | |

 Faywood-------------| 75 |Moderate | |Severe | |Poorly suited |

 | | Slope |0.50 | Slope |0.95 | Slope |1.00

 | | Erodibility |0.50 | Erodibility |0.95 | Low strength |0.50

 | | | | | | |

FaF: | | | | | | |

 Faywood-------------| 75 |Very severe | |Severe | |Poorly suited |

 | | Slope |0.95 | Slope |0.95 | Slope |1.00

 | | Erodibility |0.95 | Erodibility |0.95 | Low strength |0.50

 | | | | | | |

FkB: | | | | | | |

 Frankstown----------| 75 |Slight | |Moderate | |Moderately suited |

 | | | | Slope |0.50 | Low strength |0.50

 | | | | Erodibility |0.50 | Slope |0.50

 | | | | | | |

FkC: | | | | | | |

 Frankstown----------| 75 |Moderate | |Severe | |Moderately suited |

 | | Slope |0.50 | Slope |0.95 | Slope |0.50

 | | Erodibility |0.50 | Erodibility |0.95 | Low strength |0.50

 | | | | | | |

FkD: | | | | | | |

 Frankstown----------| 75 |Moderate | |Severe | |Poorly suited |

 | | Slope |0.50 | Slope |0.95 | Slope |1.00

 | | Erodibility |0.50 | Erodibility |0.95 | Low strength |0.50

 | | | | | | |

FoC: | | | | | | |

 Frankstown----------| 75 |Slight | |Severe | |Moderately suited |

 | | | | Slope |0.95 | Slope |0.50

 | | | | Erodibility |0.95 | Low strength |0.50

 | | | | | | |

FoE: | | | | | | |

 Frankstown----------| 75 |Moderate | |Severe | |Poorly suited |

 | | Slope |0.50 | Slope |0.95 | Slope |1.00

 | | Erodibility |0.50 | Erodibility |0.95 | Low strength |0.50

 | | | | | | |

FrB: | | | | | | |

 Frederick-----------| 80 |Slight | |Moderate | |Moderately suited |

 | | | | Slope |0.50 | Low strength |0.50

 | | | | Erodibility |0.50 | Slope |0.50

 | | | | | | |

FrC: | | | | | | |

 Frederick-----------| 80 |Slight | |Severe | |Moderately suited |

 | | | | Slope |0.95 | Slope |0.50

 | | | | Erodibility |0.95 | Low strength |0.50

 | | | | | | |

FrD: | | | | | | |

 Frederick-----------| 80 |Moderate | |Severe | |Poorly suited |

 | | Slope |0.50 | Slope |0.95 | Slope |1.00

 | | Erodibility |0.50 | Erodibility |0.95 | Low strength |0.50

 | | | | | | |
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

454

Table 10b.--Forestland Management--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 |Pct.| Hazard of off-road | Hazard of erosion | Suitability for roads

 Map symbol | of | or off-trail erosion | on roads and trails | (natural surface)

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

FyC: | | | | | | |

 Frederick-----------| 45 |Slight | |Severe | |Moderately suited |

 | | | | Slope |0.95 | Slope |0.50

 | | | | Erodibility |0.95 | Low strength |0.50

 | | | | | | |

 Caneyville----------| 35 |Slight | |Severe | |Moderately suited |

 | | | | Slope |0.95 | Slope |0.50

 | | | | Erodibility |0.95 | Low strength |0.50

 | | | | | | |

FyE: | | | | | | |

 Frederick-----------| 40 |Moderate | |Severe | |Poorly suited |

 | | Slope |0.50 | Slope |0.95 | Slope |1.00

 | | Erodibility |0.50 | Erodibility |0.95 | Low strength |0.50

 | | | | | | |

 Caneyville----------| 40 |Moderate | |Severe | |Poorly suited |

 | | Slope |0.50 | Slope |0.95 | Slope |1.00

 | | Erodibility |0.50 | Erodibility |0.95 | Low strength |0.50

 | | | | | | |

GaC: | | | | | | |

 Gauley--------------| 85 |Slight | |Slight | |Moderately suited |

 | | | | | | Slope |0.50

 | | | | | | Rock fragments |0.50

 | | | | | | |

GaE: | | | | | | |

 Gauley--------------| 80 |Moderate | |Moderate | |Poorly suited |

 | | Slope |0.50 | Slope |0.50 | Slope |1.00

 | | Erodibility |0.50 | Erodibility |0.50 | Rock fragments |0.50

 | | | | | | |

GnC: | | | | | | |

 Gilpin--------------| 75 |Slight | |Severe | |Moderately suited |

 | | | | Slope |0.95 | Slope |0.50

 | | | | Erodibility |0.95 | Low strength |0.50

 | | | | | | |

GnD: | | | | | | |

 Gilpin--------------| 75 |Moderate | |Severe | |Poorly suited |

 | | Slope |0.50 | Slope |0.95 | Slope |1.00

 | | Erodibility |0.50 | Erodibility |0.95 | Low strength |0.50

 | | | | | | |

GpC: | | | | | | |

 Gilpin--------------| 75 |Slight | |Severe | |Moderately suited |

 | | | | Slope |0.95 | Slope |0.50

 | | | | Erodibility |0.95 | Low strength |0.50

 | | | | | | |

GpE: | | | | | | |

 Gilpin--------------| 75 |Moderate | |Severe | |Poorly suited |

 | | Slope |0.50 | Slope |0.95 | Slope |1.00

 | | Erodibility |0.50 | Erodibility |0.95 | Low strength |0.50

 | | | | | | |

Ho: | | | | | | |

 Holly---------------| 90 |Slight | |Slight | |Poorly suited |

 | | | | | | Flooding |1.00

 | | | | | | Wetness |1.00

 | | | | | | Low strength |0.50

 | | | | | | |

KxF: | | | | | | |

 Kaymine-------------| 70 |Severe | |Severe | |Poorly suited |

 | | Slope |0.75 | Slope |0.95 | Slope |1.00

 | | Erodibility |0.75 | Erodibility |0.95 | Sandiness |0.50

 | | | | | | |

 Rock outcrop--------| 15 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | |
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

455

Table 10b.--Forestland Management--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 |Pct.| Hazard of off-road | Hazard of erosion | Suitability for roads

 Map symbol | of | or off-trail erosion | on roads and trails | (natural surface)

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

LcC: | | | | | | |

 Leatherbark---------| 85 |Slight | |Moderate | |Poorly suited |

 | | | | Slope |0.50 | Wetness |1.00

 | | | | Erodibility |0.50 | Slope |0.50

 | | | | | | Low strength |0.50

 | | | | | | |

LgB: | | | | | | |

 Lily----------------| 85 |Slight | |Moderate | |Moderately suited |

 | | | | Slope |0.50 | Low strength |0.50

 | | | | Erodibility |0.50 | Slope |0.50

 | | | | | | |

LgC: | | | | | | |

 Lily----------------| 85 |Slight | |Severe | |Moderately suited |

 | | | | Slope |0.95 | Slope |0.50

 | | | | Erodibility |0.95 | Low strength |0.50

 | | | | | | |

LhE: | | | | | | |

 Lily----------------| 80 |Moderate | |Severe | |Poorly suited |

 | | Slope |0.50 | Slope |0.95 | Slope |1.00

 | | Erodibility |0.50 | Erodibility |0.95 | Low strength |0.50

 | | | | | | |

Lo: | | | | | | |

 Lobdell-------------| 75 |Slight | |Slight | |Poorly suited |

 | | | | | | Flooding |1.00

 | | | | | | Low strength |0.50

 | | | | | | Wetness |0.50

 | | | | | | |

MaB: | | | | | | |

 Macove--------------| 85 |Slight | |Slight | |Moderately suited |

 | | | | | | Slope |0.50

 | | | | | | |

MaC: | | | | | | |

 Macove--------------| 85 |Slight | |Moderate | |Moderately suited |

 | | | | Slope |0.50 | Slope |0.50

 | | | | Erodibility |0.50 | |

 | | | | | | |

MaD: | | | | | | |

 Macove--------------| 80 |Moderate | |Moderate | |Poorly suited |

 | | Slope |0.50 | Slope |0.50 | Slope |1.00

 | | Erodibility |0.50 | Erodibility |0.50 | |

 | | | | | | |

McC: | | | | | | |

 Macove--------------| 80 |Slight | |Slight | |Moderately suited |

 | | | | | | Slope |0.50

 | | | | | | |

McE: | | | | | | |

 Macove--------------| 75 |Moderate | |Moderate | |Poorly suited |

 | | Slope |0.50 | Slope |0.50 | Slope |1.00

 | | Erodibility |0.50 | Erodibility |0.50 | |

 | | | | | | |

MeF: | | | | | | |

 Macove--------------| 55 |Severe | |Severe | |Poorly suited |

 | | Slope |0.75 | Slope |0.95 | Slope |1.00

 | | Erodibility |0.75 | Erodibility |0.95 | |

 | | | | | | |

 Gilpin--------------| 30 |Severe | |Severe | |Poorly suited |

 | | Slope |0.75 | Slope |0.95 | Slope |1.00

 | | Erodibility |0.75 | Erodibility |0.95 | Low strength |0.50

 | | | | | | |
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

456

Table 10b.--Forestland Management--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 |Pct.| Hazard of off-road | Hazard of erosion | Suitability for roads

 Map symbol | of | or off-trail erosion | on roads and trails | (natural surface)

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

MkC: | | | | | | |

 Mandy---------------| 85 |Slight | |Moderate | |Moderately suited |

 | | | | Slope |0.50 | Slope |0.50

 | | | | Erodibility |0.50 | Low strength |0.50

 | | | | | | |

MkE: | | | | | | |

 Mandy---------------| 80 |Moderate | |Severe | |Poorly suited |

 | | Slope |0.50 | Slope |0.95 | Slope |1.00

 | | Erodibility |0.50 | Erodibility |0.95 | Low strength |0.50

 | | | | | | |

MkF: | | | | | | |

 Mandy---------------| 80 |Severe | |Severe | |Poorly suited |

 | | Slope |0.75 | Slope |0.95 | Slope |1.00

 | | Erodibility |0.75 | Erodibility |0.95 | Low strength |0.50

 | | | | | | |

MkG: | | | | | | |

 Mandy---------------| 80 |Very severe | |Severe | |Poorly suited |

 | | Slope |0.95 | Slope |0.95 | Slope |1.00

 | | Erodibility |0.95 | Erodibility |0.95 | Low strength |0.50

 | | | | | | |

Ml: | | | | | | |

 Melvin--------------| 50 |Slight | |Slight | |Poorly suited |

 | | | | | | Flooding |1.00

 | | | | | | Wetness |1.00

 | | | | | | Low strength |0.50

 | | | | | | |

 Lindside------------| 35 |Slight | |Slight | |Poorly suited |

 | | | | | | Flooding |1.00

 | | | | | | Low strength |0.50

 | | | | | | |

MzC: | | | | | | |

 Mertz---------------| 75 |Slight | |Moderate | |Moderately suited |

 | | | | Slope |0.50 | Slope |0.50

 | | | | Erodibility |0.50 | Low strength |0.50

 | | | | | | |

MzE: | | | | | | |

 Mertz---------------| 75 |Moderate | |Severe | |Poorly suited |

 | | Slope |0.50 | Slope |0.95 | Slope |1.00

 | | Erodibility |0.50 | Erodibility |0.95 | Low strength |0.50

 | | | | | | |

No: | | | | | | |

 Nolin---------------| 80 |Slight | |Slight | |Poorly suited |

 | | | | | | Flooding |1.00

 | | | | | | Low strength |0.50

 | | | | | | |

Ph: | | | | | | |

 Philo---------------| 75 |Slight | |Slight | |Poorly suited |

 | | | | | | Flooding |1.00

 | | | | | | Low strength |0.50

 | | | | | | |

Po: | | | | | | |

 Pope----------------| 75 |Slight | |Slight | |Poorly suited |

 | | | | | | Flooding |1.00

 | | | | | | |

Pt: | | | | | | |

 Potomac-------------| 80 |Slight | |Slight | |Poorly suited |

 | | | | | | Flooding |1.00

 | | | | | | |

PuA: | | | | | | |

 Purdy---------------| 80 |Slight | |Slight | |Moderately suited |

 | | | | | | Low strength |0.50

 | | | | | | Wetness |0.50
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

457

Table 10b.--Forestland Management--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 |Pct.| Hazard of off-road | Hazard of erosion | Suitability for roads

 Map symbol | of | or off-trail erosion | on roads and trails | (natural surface)

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

Qu: | | | | | | |

 Quarry--------------| 80 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | |

Se: | | | | | | |

 Sensabaugh----------| 80 |Slight | |Slight | |Poorly suited |

 | | | | | | Flooding |1.00

 | | | | | | Low strength |0.50

 | | | | | | |

SfB: | | | | | | |

 Shouns--------------| 85 |Slight | |Moderate | |Moderately suited |

 | | | | Slope |0.50 | Low strength |0.50

 | | | | Erodibility |0.50 | Slope |0.50

 | | | | | | |

SfC: | | | | | | |

 Shouns--------------| 85 |Slight | |Severe | |Moderately suited |

 | | | | Slope |0.95 | Slope |0.50

 | | | | Erodibility |0.95 | Low strength |0.50

 | | | | | | |

ShC: | | | | | | |

 Shouns--------------| 80 |Slight | |Severe | |Moderately suited |

 | | | | Slope |0.95 | Slope |0.50

 | | | | Erodibility |0.95 | Rock fragments |0.50

 | | | | | | Low strength |0.50

 | | | | | | |

ShE: | | | | | | |

 Shouns--------------| 75 |Moderate | |Severe | |Poorly suited |

 | | Slope |0.50 | Slope |0.95 | Slope |1.00

 | | Erodibility |0.50 | Erodibility |0.95 | Rock fragments |0.50

 | | | | | | Low strength |0.50

 | | | | | | |

ShF: | | | | | | |

 Shouns--------------| 75 |Severe | |Severe | |Poorly suited |

 | | Slope |0.75 | Slope |0.95 | Slope |1.00

 | | Erodibility |0.75 | Erodibility |0.95 | Rock fragments |0.50

 | | | | | | Low strength |0.50

 | | | | | | |

SmC: | | | | | | |

 Simoda--------------| 75 |Slight | |Severe | |Moderately suited |

 | | | | Slope |0.95 | Slope |0.50

 | | | | Erodibility |0.95 | Rock fragments |0.50

 | | | | | | Low strength |0.50

 | | | | | | |

SoC: | | | | | | |

 Snowdog-------------| 75 |Slight | |Moderate | |Moderately suited |

 | | | | Slope |0.50 | Slope |0.50

 | | | | Erodibility |0.50 | Rock fragments |0.50

 | | | | | | Low strength |0.50

 | | | | | | |

SoE: | | | | | | |

 Snowdog-------------| 75 |Moderate | |Severe | |Poorly suited |

 | | Slope |0.50 | Slope |0.95 | Slope |1.00

 | | Erodibility |0.50 | Erodibility |0.95 | Rock fragments |0.50

 | | | | | | Low strength |0.50

 | | | | | | |

SoF: | | | | | | |

 Snowdog-------------| 75 |Severe | |Severe | |Poorly suited |

 | | Slope |0.75 | Slope |0.95 | Slope |1.00

 | | Erodibility |0.75 | Erodibility |0.95 | Rock fragments |0.50

 | | | | | | Low strength |0.50

 | | | | | | |
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

458

Table 10b.--Forestland Management--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 |Pct.| Hazard of off-road | Hazard of erosion | Suitability for roads

 Map symbol | of | or off-trail erosion | on roads and trails | (natural surface)

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

SvC: | | | | | | |

 Summers-------------| 75 |Slight | |Slight | |Moderately suited |

 | | | | | | Slope |0.50

Tp: | | | | | | |

 Tioga---------------| 55 |Slight | |Slight | |Poorly suited |

 | | | | | | Flooding |1.00

 | | | | | | |

 Potomac-------------| 35 |Slight | |Slight | |Poorly suited |

 | | | | | | Flooding |1.00

 | | | | | | |

TrC: | | | | | | |

 Trussel-------------| 80 |Slight | |Moderate | |Poorly suited |

 | | | | Slope |0.50 | Wetness |1.00

 | | | | Erodibility |0.50 | Slope |0.50

 | | | | | | Low strength |0.50

 | | | | | | |

Uf: | | | | | | |

 Udifluvents---------| 45 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | |

 Fluvaquents---------| 35 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | |

Ux: | | | | | | |

 Udorthents----------| 60 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | |

 Rock outcrop--------| 35 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | |

WeC: | | | | | | |

 Weikert-------------| 80 |Slight | |Severe | |Moderately suited |

 | | | | Slope |0.95 | Slope |0.50

 | | | | Erodibility |0.95 | |

 | | | | | | |

WeD: | | | | | | |

 Weikert-------------| 75 |Moderate | |Severe | |Poorly suited |

 | | Slope |0.50 | Slope |0.95 | Slope |1.00

 | | Erodibility |0.50 | Erodibility |0.95 | |

 | | | | | | |

WeF: | | | | | | |

 Weikert-------------| 75 |Severe | |Severe | |Poorly suited |

 | | Slope |0.75 | Slope |0.95 | Slope |1.00

 | | Erodibility |0.75 | Erodibility |0.95 | |

 | | | | | | |

WrG: | | | | | | |

 Weikert-------------| 40 |Very severe | |Severe | |Poorly suited |

 | | Slope |0.95 | Slope |0.95 | Slope |1.00

 | | Erodibility |0.95 | Erodibility |0.95 | |

 | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 35 |Very severe | |Severe | |Poorly suited |

 | | Slope |0.95 | Slope |0.95 | Slope |1.00

 | | Erodibility |0.95 | Erodibility |0.95 | |

 | | | | | | |

 Rough---------------| 15 |Very severe | |Severe | |Poorly suited |

 | | Slope |0.95 | Slope |0.95 | Slope |1.00

 | | Erodibility |0.95 | Erodibility |0.95 | |

 | | | | | | |

ZoA: | | | | | | |

 Zoar----------------| 80 |Slight | |Slight | |Moderately suited |

 | | | | | | Low strength |0.50

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

459

Table 10c.--Forestland Management

(The information in this table indicates the dominant soil condition but does not eliminate the need for

 for onsite investigation. The numbers in the value columns range from 0.01 to 1.00. The larger

 the value, the greater the limitation. See text for further explanation of ratings in this table.)

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 |Pct.| Suitability for | Suitability for | Suitability for use of

 Map symbol | of | hand planting | mechanical planting | harvesting equipment

 and soil name | map|_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

AlB: | | | | | | |

 Allegheny-----------| 90 |Moderately suited | |Moderately suited | |Moderately suited |

 | | Stickiness |0.50 | Slope |0.50 | Low strength |0.50

 | | High plasticity |0.50 | Stickiness |0.50 | |

 | | index | | High plasticity |0.50 | |

 | | | | index | | |

 | | | | | | |

AlC: | | | | | | |

 Allegheny-----------| 90 |Moderately suited | |Moderately suited | |Moderately suited |

 | | Stickiness |0.50 | Slope |0.50 | Low strength |0.50

 | | High plasticity |0.50 | Stickiness |0.50 | |

 | | index | | High plasticity |0.50 | |

 | | | | index | | |

 | | | | | | |

An: | | | | | | |

 Atkins--------------| 35 |Well suited | |Well suited | |Moderately suited |

 | | | | | | Low strength |0.50

 | | | | | | |

 Philo---------------| 30 |Well suited | |Well suited | |Moderately suited |

 | | | | | | Low strength |0.50

 | | | | | | |

 Potomac-------------| 20 |Moderately suited | |Poorly suited | |Well suited |

 | | Rock fragments |0.50 | Rock fragments |0.75 | |

 | | | | | | |

BaE: | | | | | | |

 Belmont-------------| 75 |Well suited | |Poorly suited | |Moderately suited |

 | | | | Slope |0.75 | Low strength |0.50

 | | | | Rock fragments |0.50 | Slope |0.50

 | | | | | | |

BcC: | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 80 |Moderately suited | |Poorly suited | |Well suited |

 | | Rock fragments |0.50 | Rock fragments |0.75 | |

 | | | | Slope |0.50 | |

 | | | | | | |

BcE: | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 75 |Moderately suited | |Poorly suited | |Moderately suited |

 | | Rock fragments |0.50 | Slope |0.75 | Slope |0.50

 | | | | Rock fragments |0.75 | |

 | | | | | | |

BcF: | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 75 |Moderately suited | |Unsuited | |Poorly suited |

 | | Slope |0.50 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Rock fragments |0.50 | Rock fragments |0.75 | |

 | | | | | | |

BkG: | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 35 |Moderately suited | |Unsuited | |Poorly suited |

 | | Slope |0.50 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Rock fragments |0.50 | Rock fragments |0.75 | |

 | | | | | | |

 Weikert-------------| 25 |Moderately suited | |Unsuited | |Poorly suited |

 | | Slope |0.50 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Rock fragments |0.50 | Rock fragments |0.75 | |

 | | | | | | |

 Calvin--------------| 20 |Moderately suited | |Unsuited | |Poorly suited |

 | | Slope |0.50 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | | | Rock fragments |0.50 | Low strength |0.50

 | | | | | | |
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

460

Table 10c.--Forestland Management--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 |Pct.| Suitability for | Suitability for | Suitability for use of

 Map symbol | of | hand planting | mechanical planting | harvesting equipment

 and soil name | map|_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

BlC: | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 60 |Moderately suited | |Poorly suited | |Well suited |

 | | Rock fragments |0.50 | Rock fragments |0.75 | |

 | | | | Slope |0.50 | |

 | | | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 30 |Moderately suited | |Poorly suited | |Well suited |

 | | Rock fragments |0.50 | Rock fragments |0.75 | |

 | | | | Slope |0.50 | |

 | | | | | | |

BlE: | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 55 |Moderately suited | |Poorly suited | |Moderately suited |

 | | Rock fragments |0.50 | Slope |0.75 | Slope |0.50

 | | | | Rock fragments |0.75 | |

 | | | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 35 |Moderately suited | |Poorly suited | |Moderately suited |

 | | Rock fragments |0.50 | Slope |0.75 | Slope |0.50

 | | | | Rock fragments |0.75 | |

 | | | | | | |

BlF: | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 45 |Moderately suited | |Unsuited | |Poorly suited |

 | | Slope |0.50 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Rock fragments |0.50 | Rock fragments |0.75 | |

 | | | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 40 |Moderately suited | |Unsuited | |Poorly suited |

 | | Slope |0.50 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Rock fragments |0.50 | Rock fragments |0.75 | |

 | | | | | | |

BrE: | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 50 |Moderately suited | |Poorly suited | |Moderately suited |

 | | Rock fragments |0.50 | Slope |0.75 | Slope |0.50

 | | | | Rock fragments |0.75 | |

 | | | | | | |

 Weikert-------------| 35 |Moderately suited | |Poorly suited | |Moderately suited |

 | | Rock fragments |0.50 | Slope |0.75 | Slope |0.50

 | | | | Rock fragments |0.75 | |

 | | | | | | |

BrF: | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 50 |Moderately suited | |Unsuited | |Poorly suited |

 | | Slope |0.50 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Rock fragments |0.50 | Rock fragments |0.75 | |

 | | | | | | |

 Weikert-------------| 35 |Moderately suited | |Unsuited | |Poorly suited |

 | | Slope |0.50 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Rock fragments |0.50 | Rock fragments |0.75 | |

 | | | | | | |

BtC: | | | | | | |

 Blackthorn----------| 75 |Moderately suited | |Poorly suited | |Moderately suited |

 | | Rock fragments |0.50 | Rock fragments |0.75 | Rock fragments |0.50

 | | | | Slope |0.50 | Low strength |0.50

 | | | | | | |

BtE: | | | | | | |

 Blackthorn----------| 75 |Moderately suited | |Poorly suited | |Moderately suited |

 | | Rock fragments |0.50 | Slope |0.75 | Rock fragments |0.50

 | | | | Rock fragments |0.75 | Low strength |0.50

 | | | | | | Slope |0.50

 | | | | | | |

BxF: | | | | | | |

 Briery--------------| 75 |Moderately suited | |Unsuited | |Poorly suited |

 | | Slope |0.50 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Rock fragments |0.50 | Rock fragments |0.50 | |

 | | | | | | |

 Rock outcrop--------| 15 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

461

Table 10c.--Forestland Management--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 |Pct.| Suitability for | Suitability for | Suitability for use of

 Map symbol | of | hand planting | mechanical planting | harvesting equipment

 and soil name | map|_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

CbC: | | | | | | |

 Calvin--------------| 45 |Well suited | |Moderately suited | |Moderately suited |

 | | | | Rock fragments |0.50 | Low strength |0.50

 | | | | Slope |0.50 | |

 | | | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 25 |Moderately suited | |Poorly suited | |Well suited |

 | | Rock fragments |0.50 | Rock fragments |0.75 | |

 | | | | Slope |0.50 | |

 | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 20 |Moderately suited | |Poorly suited | |Well suited |

 | | Rock fragments |0.50 | Rock fragments |0.75 | |

 | | | | Slope |0.50 | |

 | | | | | | |

CbE: | | | | | | |

 Calvin--------------| 35 |Well suited | |Poorly suited | |Moderately suited |

 | | | | Slope |0.75 | Low strength |0.50

 | | | | Rock fragments |0.50 | Slope |0.50

 | | | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 30 |Moderately suited | |Poorly suited | |Moderately suited |

 | | Rock fragments |0.50 | Slope |0.75 | Slope |0.50

 | | | | Rock fragments |0.75 | |

 | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 20 |Moderately suited | |Poorly suited | |Moderately suited |

 | | Rock fragments |0.50 | Slope |0.75 | Slope |0.50

 | | | | Rock fragments |0.75 | |

 | | | | | | |

CbF: | | | | | | |

 Calvin--------------| 35 |Moderately suited | |Unsuited | |Poorly suited |

 | | Slope |0.50 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | | | Rock fragments |0.50 | Low strength |0.50

 | | | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 25 |Moderately suited | |Unsuited | |Poorly suited |

 | | Slope |0.50 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Rock fragments |0.50 | Rock fragments |0.75 | |

 | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 20 |Moderately suited | |Unsuited | |Poorly suited |

 | | Slope |0.50 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Rock fragments |0.50 | Rock fragments |0.75 | |

 | | | | | | |

CeF: | | | | | | |

 Caneyville----------| 40 |Poorly suited | |Unsuited | |Poorly suited |

 | | Stickiness |0.75 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | High plasticity |0.75 | Stickiness |0.75 | Low strength |0.50

 | | index | | High plasticity |0.75 | |

 | | Slope |0.50 | index | | |

 | | | | | | |

 Frederick-----------| 30 |Moderately suited | |Unsuited | |Poorly suited |

 | | Stickiness |0.50 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | High plasticity |0.50 | Stickiness |0.50 | Low strength |0.50

 | | index | | High plasticity |0.50 | |

 | | Slope |0.50 | index | | |

 | | | | | | |

 Rock outcrop--------| 20 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | |

CfB: | | | | | | |

 Cateache------------| 85 |Well suited | |Moderately suited | |Moderately suited |

 | | | | Slope |0.50 | Low strength |0.50

 | | | | Rock fragments |0.50 | |

 | | | | | | |
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

462

Table 10c.--Forestland Management--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 |Pct.| Suitability for | Suitability for | Suitability for use of

 Map symbol | of | hand planting | mechanical planting | harvesting equipment

 and soil name | map|_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

CfC: | | | | | | |

 Cateache------------| 85 |Well suited | |Moderately suited | |Moderately suited |

 | | | | Slope |0.50 | Low strength |0.50

 | | | | Rock fragments |0.50 | |

 | | | | | | |

CfD: | | | | | | |

 Cateache------------| 85 |Well suited | |Poorly suited | |Moderately suited |

 | | | | Slope |0.75 | Low strength |0.50

 | | | | Rock fragments |0.50 | Slope |0.50

 | | | | | | |

CfE: | | | | | | |

 Cateache------------| 85 |Well suited | |Unsuited | |Moderately suited |

 | | | | Slope |1.00 | Low strength |0.50

 | | | | Rock fragments |0.50 | Slope |0.50

 | | | | | | |

CfF: | | | | | | |

 Cateache------------| 85 |Moderately suited | |Unsuited | |Poorly suited |

 | | Slope |0.50 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | | | Rock fragments |0.50 | Low strength |0.50

 | | | | | | |

CgC: | | | | | | |

 Cateache------------| 85 |Well suited | |Moderately suited | |Moderately suited |

 | | | | Rock fragments |0.50 | Low strength |0.50

 | | | | Slope |0.50 | |

 | | | | | | |

CgE: | | | | | | |

 Cateache------------| 85 |Well suited | |Poorly suited | |Moderately suited |

 | | | | Slope |0.75 | Low strength |0.50

 | | | | Rock fragments |0.50 | Slope |0.50

 | | | | | | |

CgF: | | | | | | |

 Cateache------------| 85 |Moderately suited | |Unsuited | |Poorly suited |

 | | Slope |0.50 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | | | Rock fragments |0.50 | Low strength |0.50

 | | | | | | |

Ch: | | | | | | |

 Chavies-------------| 85 |Well suited | |Well suited | |Well suited |

 | | | | | | |

CpB: | | | | | | |

 Cookport------------| 80 |Well suited | |Moderately suited | |Moderately suited |

 | | | | Slope |0.50 | Low strength |0.50

 | | | | | | |

CuB: | | | | | | |

 Culleoka------------| 90 |Moderately suited | |Poorly suited | |Moderately suited |

 | | Rock fragments |0.50 | Rock fragments |0.75 | Low strength |0.50

 | | | | Slope |0.50 | |

 | | | | | | |

CuC: | | | | | | |

 Culleoka------------| 85 |Moderately suited | |Poorly suited | |Moderately suited |

 | | Rock fragments |0.50 | Rock fragments |0.75 | Low strength |0.50

 | | | | Slope |0.50 | |

 | | | | | | |

CuD: | | | | | | |

 Culleoka------------| 85 |Moderately suited | |Poorly suited | |Moderately suited |

 | | Rock fragments |0.50 | Rock fragments |0.75 | Low strength |0.50

 | | | | Slope |0.75 | Slope |0.50

 | | | | | | |

CyE: | | | | | | |

 Culleoka------------| 80 |Moderately suited | |Unsuited | |Moderately suited |

 | | Rock fragments |0.50 | Slope |1.00 | Low strength |0.50

 | | | | Rock fragments |0.75 | Slope |0.50

 | | | | | | |
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

463

Table 10c.--Forestland Management--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 |Pct.| Suitability for | Suitability for | Suitability for use of

 Map symbol | of | hand planting | mechanical planting | harvesting equipment

 and soil name | map|_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

CyF: | | | | | | |

 Culleoka------------| 75 |Moderately suited | |Unsuited | |Poorly suited |

 | | Slope |0.50 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Rock fragments |0.50 | Rock fragments |0.75 | Low strength |0.50

 | | | | | | |

DeC: | | | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 75 |Moderately suited | |Poorly suited | |Moderately suited |

 | | Rock fragments |0.50 | Rock fragments |0.75 | Rock fragments |0.50

 | | | | Slope |0.50 | |

 | | | | | | |

DeE: | | | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 75 |Moderately suited | |Poorly suited | |Moderately suited |

 | | Rock fragments |0.50 | Slope |0.75 | Rock fragments |0.50

 | | | | Rock fragments |0.75 | Slope |0.50

 | | | | | | |

DeF: | | | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 75 |Moderately suited | |Unsuited | |Poorly suited |

 | | Slope |0.50 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Rock fragments |0.50 | Rock fragments |0.75 | Rock fragments |0.50

 | | | | | | |

DhC: | | | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 55 |Moderately suited | |Poorly suited | |Well suited |

 | | Rock fragments |0.50 | Rock fragments |0.75 | |

 | | | | Slope |0.50 | |

 | | | | | | |

 Hazleton------------| 35 |Moderately suited | |Poorly suited | |Well suited |

 | | Rock fragments |0.50 | Rock fragments |0.75 | |

 | | | | Slope |0.50 | |

 | | | | | | |

DhE: | | | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 55 |Moderately suited | |Poorly suited | |Moderately suited |

 | | Rock fragments |0.50 | Slope |0.75 | Slope |0.50

 | | | | Rock fragments |0.75 | |

 | | | | | | |

 Hazleton------------| 35 |Moderately suited | |Poorly suited | |Moderately suited |

 | | Rock fragments |0.50 | Slope |0.75 | Slope |0.50

 | | | | Rock fragments |0.75 | |

 | | | | | | |

DhF: | | | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 55 |Moderately suited | |Unsuited | |Poorly suited |

 | | Slope |0.50 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Rock fragments |0.50 | Rock fragments |0.75 | |

 | | | | | | |

 Hazleton------------| 35 |Moderately suited | |Unsuited | |Poorly suited |

 | | Slope |0.50 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Rock fragments |0.50 | Rock fragments |0.75 | |

 | | | | | | |

DkF: | | | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 45 |Moderately suited | |Unsuited | |Poorly suited |

 | | Slope |0.50 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Rock fragments |0.50 | Rock fragments |0.75 | Rock fragments |0.50

 | | | | | | |

 Rock outcrop--------| 40 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | |

Du: | | | | | | |

 Dunning-------------| 85 |Poorly suited | |Poorly suited | |Poorly suited |

 | | Wetness |0.75 | Wetness |0.75 | Wetness |1.00

 | | | | | | Low strength |0.50

 | | | | | | |
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

464

Table 10c.--Forestland Management--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 |Pct.| Suitability for | Suitability for | Suitability for use of

 Map symbol | of | hand planting | mechanical planting | harvesting equipment

 and soil name | map|_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

ElF: | | | | | | |

 Elliber-------------| 80 |Moderately suited | |Unsuited | |Poorly suited |

 | | Slope |0.50 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Rock fragments |0.50 | Rock fragments |1.00 | |

 | | Stickiness |0.50 | Stickiness |0.50 | |

 | | High plasticity |0.50 | High plasticity |0.50 | |

 | | index | | index | | |

 | | | | | | |

ErB: | | | | | | |

 Ernest--------------| 80 |Well suited | |Moderately suited | |Moderately suited |

 | | | | Slope |0.50 | Low strength |0.50

 | | | | | | |

EsC: | | | | | | |

 Ernest--------------| 75 |Moderately suited | |Poorly suited | |Moderately suited |

 | | Rock fragments |0.50 | Rock fragments |0.75 | Rock fragments |0.50

 | | | | Slope |0.50 | Low strength |0.50

 | | | | | | |

FaE: | | | | | | |

 Faywood-------------| 75 |Poorly suited | |Poorly suited | |Moderately suited |

 | | Stickiness |0.75 | Slope |0.75 | Low strength |0.50

 | | High plasticity |0.75 | Stickiness |0.75 | Slope |0.50

 | | index | | High plasticity |0.75 | |

 | | | | index | | |

 | | | | Rock fragments |0.50 | |

 | | | | | | |

FaF: | | | | | | |

 Faywood-------------| 75 |Poorly suited | |Unsuited | |Poorly suited |

 | | Stickiness |0.75 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | High plasticity |0.75 | Stickiness |0.75 | Low strength |0.50

 | | index | | High plasticity |0.75 | |

 | | Slope |0.50 | index | | |

 | | | | Rock fragments |0.50 | |

 | | | | | | |

FkB: | | | | | | |

 Frankstown----------| 75 |Well suited | |Moderately suited | |Moderately suited |

 | | | | Slope |0.50 | Low strength |0.50

 | | | | | | |

FkC: | | | | | | |

 Frankstown----------| 75 |Well suited | |Moderately suited | |Moderately suited |

 | | | | Slope |0.50 | Low strength |0.50

 | | | | | | |

FkD: | | | | | | |

 Frankstown----------| 75 |Well suited | |Poorly suited | |Moderately suited |

 | | | | Slope |0.75 | Low strength |0.50

 | | | | | | Slope |0.50

 | | | | | | |

FoC: | | | | | | |

 Frankstown----------| 75 |Well suited | |Moderately suited | |Moderately suited |

 | | | | Slope |0.50 | Low strength |0.50

 | | | | | | |

FoE: | | | | | | |

 Frankstown----------| 75 |Well suited | |Poorly suited | |Moderately suited |

 | | | | Slope |0.75 | Low strength |0.50

 | | | | | | Slope |0.50

 | | | | | | |

FrB: | | | | | | |

 Frederick-----------| 80 |Moderately suited | |Moderately suited | |Moderately suited |

 | | Stickiness |0.50 | Stickiness |0.50 | Low strength |0.50

 | | High plasticity |0.50 | High plasticity |0.50 | |

 | | index | | index | | |

 | | | | Slope |0.50 | |

 | | | | | | |
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

465

Table 10c.--Forestland Management--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 |Pct.| Suitability for | Suitability for | Suitability for use of

 Map symbol | of | hand planting | mechanical planting | harvesting equipment

 and soil name | map|_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

FrC: | | | | | | |

 Frederick-----------| 80 |Moderately suited | |Moderately suited | |Moderately suited |

 | | Stickiness |0.50 | Stickiness |0.50 | Low strength |0.50

 | | High plasticity |0.50 | High plasticity |0.50 | |

 | | index | | index | | |

 | | | | Slope |0.50 | |

 | | | | | | |

FrD: | | | | | | |

 Frederick-----------| 80 |Moderately suited | |Poorly suited | |Moderately suited |

 | | Stickiness |0.50 | Slope |0.75 | Low strength |0.50

 | | High plasticity |0.50 | Stickiness |0.50 | Slope |0.50

 | | index | | High plasticity |0.50 | |

 | | | | index | | |

 | | | | | | |

FyC: | | | | | | |

 Frederick-----------| 45 |Moderately suited | |Moderately suited | |Moderately suited |

 | | Stickiness |0.50 | Stickiness |0.50 | Low strength |0.50

 | | High plasticity |0.50 | High plasticity |0.50 | |

 | | index | | index | | |

 | | | | Slope |0.50 | |

 | | | | | | |

 Caneyville----------| 35 |Poorly suited | |Poorly suited | |Moderately suited |

 | | Stickiness |0.75 | Stickiness |0.75 | Low strength |0.50

 | | High plasticity |0.75 | High plasticity |0.75 | |

 | | index | | index | | |

 | | | | Slope |0.50 | |

 | | | | | | |

FyE: | | | | | | |

 Frederick-----------| 40 |Moderately suited | |Poorly suited | |Moderately suited |

 | | Stickiness |0.50 | Slope |0.75 | Low strength |0.50

 | | High plasticity |0.50 | Stickiness |0.50 | Slope |0.50

 | | index | | High plasticity |0.50 | |

 | | | | index | | |

 | | | | | | |

 Caneyville----------| 40 |Poorly suited | |Poorly suited | |Moderately suited |

 | | Stickiness |0.75 | Slope |0.75 | Low strength |0.50

 | | High plasticity |0.75 | Stickiness |0.75 | Slope |0.50

 | | index | | High plasticity |0.75 | |

 | | | | index | | |

 | | | | | | |

GaC: | | | | | | |

 Gauley--------------| 85 |Moderately suited | |Poorly suited | |Moderately suited |

 | | Rock fragments |0.50 | Rock fragments |0.75 | Rock fragments |0.50

 | | | | Slope |0.50 | |

 | | | | | | |

GaE: | | | | | | |

 Gauley--------------| 80 |Moderately suited | |Poorly suited | |Moderately suited |

 | | Rock fragments |0.50 | Slope |0.75 | Rock fragments |0.50

 | | | | Rock fragments |0.75 | Slope |0.50

 | | | | | | |

GnC: | | | | | | |

 Gilpin--------------| 75 |Well suited | |Moderately suited | |Moderately suited |

 | | | | Rock fragments |0.50 | Low strength |0.50

 | | | | Slope |0.50 | |

 | | | | | | |

GnD: | | | | | | |

 Gilpin--------------| 75 |Well suited | |Poorly suited | |Moderately suited |

 | | | | Slope |0.75 | Low strength |0.50

 | | | | Rock fragments |0.50 | Slope |0.50

 | | | | | | |
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

466

Table 10c.--Forestland Management--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 |Pct.| Suitability for | Suitability for | Suitability for use of

 Map symbol | of | hand planting | mechanical planting | harvesting equipment

 and soil name | map|_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

GpC: | | | | | | |

 Gilpin--------------| 75 |Well suited | |Moderately suited | |Moderately suited |

 | | | | Rock fragments |0.50 | Low strength |0.50

 | | | | Slope |0.50 | |

 | | | | | | |

GpE: | | | | | | |

 Gilpin--------------| 75 |Well suited | |Poorly suited | |Moderately suited |

 | | | | Slope |0.75 | Low strength |0.50

 | | | | Rock fragments |0.50 | Slope |0.50

 | | | | | | |

Ho: | | | | | | |

 Holly---------------| 90 |Well suited | |Well suited | |Moderately suited |

 | | | | | | Low strength |0.50

 | | | | | | |

KxF: | | | | | | |

 Kaymine-------------| 70 |Moderately suited | |Unsuited | |Poorly suited |

 | | Sandiness |0.50 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Slope |0.50 | Rock fragments |0.75 | Sandiness |0.50

 | | Rock fragments |0.50 | Sandiness |0.50 | |

 | | | | | | |

 Rock outcrop--------| 15 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | |

LcC: | | | | | | |

 Leatherbark---------| 85 |Moderately suited | |Moderately suited | |Moderately suited |

 | | Stickiness |0.50 | Slope |0.50 | Low strength |0.50

 | | High plasticity |0.50 | Stickiness |0.50 | |

 | | index | | High plasticity |0.50 | |

 | | | | index | | |

 | | | | | | |

LgB: | | | | | | |

 Lily----------------| 85 |Well suited | |Moderately suited | |Moderately suited |

 | | | | Slope |0.50 | Low strength |0.50

 | | | | | | |

LgC: | | | | | | |

 Lily----------------| 85 |Well suited | |Moderately suited | |Moderately suited |

 | | | | Slope |0.50 | Low strength |0.50

 | | | | | | |

LhE: | | | | | | |

 Lily----------------| 80 |Well suited | |Poorly suited | |Moderately suited |

 | | | | Slope |0.75 | Low strength |0.50

 | | | | | | Slope |0.50

 | | | | | | |

Lo: | | | | | | |

 Lobdell-------------| 75 |Well suited | |Well suited | |Moderately suited |

 | | | | | | Low strength |0.50

 | | | | | | |

MaB: | | | | | | |

 Macove--------------| 85 |Well suited | |Moderately suited | |Well suited |

 | | | | Rock fragments |0.50 | |

 | | | | Slope |0.50 | |

 | | | | | | |

MaC: | | | | | | |

 Macove--------------| 85 |Well suited | |Moderately suited | |Well suited |

 | | | | Rock fragments |0.50 | |

 | | | | Slope |0.50 | |

 | | | | | | |

MaD: | | | | | | |

 Macove--------------| 80 |Well suited | |Poorly suited | |Moderately suited |

 | | | | Slope |0.75 | Slope |0.50

 | | | | Rock fragments |0.50 | |

 | | | | | | |
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

467

Table 10c.--Forestland Management--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 |Pct.| Suitability for | Suitability for | Suitability for use of

 Map symbol | of | hand planting | mechanical planting | harvesting equipment

 and soil name | map|_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

McC: | | | | | | |

 Macove--------------| 80 |Well suited | |Moderately suited | |Well suited |

 | | | | Rock fragments |0.50 | |

 | | | | Slope |0.50 | |

 | | | | | | |

McE: | | | | | | |

 Macove--------------| 75 |Well suited | |Poorly suited | |Moderately suited |

 | | | | Slope |0.75 | Slope |0.50

 | | | | Rock fragments |0.50 | |

 | | | | | | |

MeF: | | | | | | |

 Macove--------------| 55 |Moderately suited | |Unsuited | |Poorly suited |

 | | Slope |0.50 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | | | Rock fragments |0.50 | |

 | | | | | | |

 Gilpin--------------| 30 |Moderately suited | |Unsuited | |Poorly suited |

 | | Slope |0.50 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | | | Rock fragments |0.50 | Low strength |0.50

 | | | | | | |

MkC: | | | | | | |

 Mandy---------------| 85 |Well suited | |Moderately suited | |Moderately suited |

 | | | | Rock fragments |0.50 | Low strength |0.50

 | | | | Slope |0.50 | |

 | | | | | | |

MkE: | | | | | | |

 Mandy---------------| 80 |Well suited | |Poorly suited | |Moderately suited |

 | | | | Slope |0.75 | Low strength |0.50

 | | | | Rock fragments |0.50 | Slope |0.50

 | | | | | | |

MkF: | | | | | | |

 Mandy---------------| 80 |Moderately suited | |Unsuited | |Poorly suited |

 | | Slope |0.50 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | | | Rock fragments |0.50 | Low strength |0.50

 | | | | | | |

MkG: | | | | | | |

 Mandy---------------| 80 |Moderately suited | |Unsuited | |Poorly suited |

 | | Slope |0.50 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | | | Rock fragments |0.50 | Low strength |0.50

 | | | | | | |

Ml: | | | | | | |

 Melvin--------------| 50 |Moderately suited | |Moderately suited | |Poorly suited |

 | | Wetness |0.50 | Wetness |0.50 | Wetness |1.00

 | | | | | | Low strength |0.50

 | | | | | | |

 Lindside------------| 35 |Well suited | |Well suited | |Moderately suited |

 | | | | | | Low strength |0.50

 | | | | | | |

MzC: | | | | | | |

 Mertz---------------| 75 |Well suited | |Moderately suited | |Moderately suited |

 | | | | Slope |0.50 | Low strength |0.50

 | | | | Rock fragments |0.50 | |

 | | | | | | |

MzE: | | | | | | |

 Mertz---------------| 75 |Well suited | |Poorly suited | |Moderately suited |

 | | | | Slope |0.75 | Low strength |0.50

 | | | | Rock fragments |0.50 | Slope |0.50

 | | | | | | |

No: | | | | | | |

 Nolin---------------| 80 |Well suited | |Well suited | |Moderately suited |

 | | | | | | Low strength |0.50

 | | | | | | |
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

468

Table 10c.--Forestland Management--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 |Pct.| Suitability for | Suitability for | Suitability for use of

 Map symbol | of | hand planting | mechanical planting | harvesting equipment

 and soil name | map|_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

Ph: | | | | | | |

 Philo---------------| 75 |Well suited | |Well suited | |Moderately suited |

 | | | | | | Low strength |0.50

 | | | | | | |

Po: | | | | | | |

 Pope----------------| 75 |Well suited | |Well suited | |Well suited |

 | | | | | | |

Pt: | | | | | | |

 Potomac-------------| 80 |Moderately suited | |Poorly suited | |Well suited |

 | | Rock fragments |0.50 | Rock fragments |0.75 | |

 | | | | | | |

PuA: | | | | | | |

 Purdy---------------| 80 |Moderately suited | |Moderately suited | |Moderately suited |

 | | Stickiness |0.50 | Stickiness |0.50 | Low strength |0.50

 | | High plasticity |0.50 | High plasticity |0.50 | |

 | | index | | index | | |

 | | | | | | |

Qu: | | | | | | |

 Quarry--------------| 80 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | |

Se: | | | | | | |

 Sensabaugh----------| 80 |Well suited | |Well suited | |Moderately suited |

 | | | | | | Low strength |0.50

 | | | | | | |

SfB: | | | | | | |

 Shouns--------------| 85 |Well suited | |Moderately suited | |Moderately suited |

 | | | | Rock fragments |0.50 | Low strength |0.50

 | | | | Slope |0.50 | |

 | | | | | | |

SfC: | | | | | | |

 Shouns--------------| 85 |Well suited | |Moderately suited | |Moderately suited |

 | | | | Rock fragments |0.50 | Low strength |0.50

 | | | | Slope |0.50 | |

 | | | | | | |

ShC: | | | | | | |

 Shouns--------------| 80 |Moderately suited | |Poorly suited | |Moderately suited |

 | | Rock fragments |0.50 | Rock fragments |0.75 | Rock fragments |0.50

 | | | | Slope |0.50 | Low strength |0.50

 | | | | | | |

ShE: | | | | | | |

 Shouns--------------| 75 |Moderately suited | |Poorly suited | |Moderately suited |

 | | Rock fragments |0.50 | Slope |0.75 | Rock fragments |0.50

 | | | | Rock fragments |0.75 | Low strength |0.50

 | | | | | | Slope |0.50

 | | | | | | |

ShF: | | | | | | |

 Shouns--------------| 75 |Moderately suited | |Unsuited | |Poorly suited |

 | | Slope |0.50 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Rock fragments |0.50 | Rock fragments |0.75 | Rock fragments |0.50

 | | | | | | Low strength |0.50

 | | | | | | |

SmC: | | | | | | |

 Simoda--------------| 75 |Moderately suited | |Poorly suited | |Moderately suited |

 | | Rock fragments |0.50 | Rock fragments |0.75 | Rock fragments |0.50

 | | | | Slope |0.50 | Low strength |0.50

 | | | | | | |

SoC: | | | | | | |

 Snowdog-------------| 75 |Moderately suited | |Poorly suited | |Moderately suited |

 | | Rock fragments |0.50 | Rock fragments |0.75 | Rock fragments |0.50

 | | | | Slope |0.50 | Low strength |0.50

 | | | | | | Wetness |0.50

 | | | | | | |
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

469

Table 10c.--Forestland Management--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 |Pct.| Suitability for | Suitability for | Suitability for use of

 Map symbol | of | hand planting | mechanical planting | harvesting equipment

 and soil name | map|_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

SoE: | | | | | | |

 Snowdog-------------| 75 |Moderately suited | |Poorly suited | |Moderately suited |

 | | Rock fragments |0.50 | Slope |0.75 | Rock fragments |0.50

 | | | | Rock fragments |0.75 | Low strength |0.50

 | | | | | | Wetness |0.50

 | | | | | | |

SoF: | | | | | | |

 Snowdog-------------| 75 |Moderately suited | |Unsuited | |Poorly suited |

 | | Slope |0.50 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Rock fragments |0.50 | Rock fragments |0.75 | Rock fragments |0.50

 | | | | | | Low strength |0.50

 | | | | | | |

SvC: | | | | | | |

 Summers-------------| 75 |Well suited | |Moderately suited | |Well suited |

 | | | | Rock fragments |0.50 | |

 | | | | Slope |0.50 | |

 | | | | | | |

Tp: | | | | | | |

 Tioga---------------| 55 |Well suited | |Well suited | |Well suited |

 | | | | | | |

 Potomac-------------| 35 |Moderately suited | |Poorly suited | |Well suited |

 | | Rock fragments |0.50 | Rock fragments |0.75 | |

 | | | | | | |

TrC: | | | | | | |

 Trussel-------------| 80 |Moderately suited | |Poorly suited | |Poorly suited |

 | | Wetness |0.50 | Wetness |0.75 | Wetness |1.00

 | | | | Rock fragments |0.50 | Low strength |0.50

 | | | | Slope |0.50 | |

 | | | | | | |

Uf: | | | | | | |

 Udifluvents---------| 45 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | |

 Fluvaquents---------| 35 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | |

Ux: | | | | | | |

 Udorthents----------| 60 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | |

 Rock outcrop--------| 35 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | |

WeC: | | | | | | |

 Weikert-------------| 80 |Moderately suited | |Poorly suited | |Well suited |

 | | Rock fragments |0.50 | Rock fragments |0.75 | |

 | | | | Slope |0.50 | |

 | | | | | | |

WeD: | | | | | | |

 Weikert-------------| 75 |Moderately suited | |Poorly suited | |Moderately suited |

 | | Rock fragments |0.50 | Rock fragments |0.75 | Slope |0.50

 | | | | Slope |0.75 | |

 | | | | | | |

WeF: | | | | | | |

 Weikert-------------| 75 |Moderately suited | |Unsuited | |Poorly suited |

 | | Rock fragments |0.50 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Slope |0.50 | Rock fragments |0.75 | |

 | | | | | | |

WrG: | | | | | | |

 Weikert-------------| 40 |Moderately suited | |Unsuited | |Poorly suited |

 | | Slope |0.50 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Rock fragments |0.50 | Rock fragments |0.75 | |

 | | | | | | |
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

470

Table 10c.--Forestland Management--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 |Pct.| Suitability for | Suitability for | Suitability for use of

 Map symbol | of | hand planting | mechanical planting | harvesting equipment

 and soil name | map|_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

WrG: | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 35 |Moderately suited | |Unsuited | |Poorly suited |

 | | Slope |0.50 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Rock fragments |0.50 | Rock fragments |0.75 | |

 | | | | | | |

 Rough---------------| 15 |Unsuited | |Unsuited | |Poorly suited |

 | | Restrictive layer|1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Slope |0.50 | Rock fragments |1.00 | |

 | | Rock fragments |0.50 | | | |

 | | | | | | |

ZoA: | | | | | | |

 Zoar----------------| 80 |Moderately suited | |Moderately suited | |Moderately suited |

 | | Stickiness |0.50 | Stickiness |0.50 | Low strength |0.50

 | | High plasticity |0.50 | High plasticity |0.50 | |

 | | index | | index | | |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

471

Table 10d.--Forestland Management

(The information in this table indicates the dominant soil condition but does

 not eliminate the need for onsite investigation. The numbers in the

 value columns range from 0.01 to 1.00. The larger the value, the greater

 the limitation. See text for further explanation of ratings in this

 table.)

______________________________________________________________________________

 | | |

 | | Suitability for | Suitability for

 Map symbol |Pct.| mechanical site | mechanical site

 and soil name | of | preparation (surface) | preparation (deep)

 |map |_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | |

AlB: | | | | |

 Allegheny-----------| 90 |Well suited | |Well suited |

 | | | | |

AlC: | | | | |

 Allegheny-----------| 90 |Well suited | |Well suited |

 | | | | |

An: | | | | |

 Atkins--------------| 35 |Well suited | |Well suited |

 | | | | |

 Philo---------------| 30 |Well suited | |Well suited |

 | | | | |

 Potomac-------------| 20 |Poorly suited | |Well suited |

 | | Rock fragments |0.50 | |

 | | | | |

BaE: | | | | |

 Belmont-------------| 75 |Poorly suited | |Poorly suited |

 | | Slope |0.50 | Slope |0.50

 | | | | |

BcC: | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 80 |Poorly suited | |Well suited |

 | | Rock fragments |0.50 | |

 | | | | |

BcE: | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 75 |Poorly suited | |Poorly suited |

 | | Slope |0.50 | Slope |0.50

 | | Rock fragments |0.50 | |

 | | | | |

BcF: | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 75 |Unsuited | |Unsuited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Rock fragments |0.50 | |

 | | | | |

BkG: | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 35 |Unsuited | |Unsuited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Rock fragments |0.50 | |

 | | | | |

 Weikert-------------| 25 |Unsuited | |Unsuited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Rock fragments |0.50 | |

 | | | | |

 Calvin--------------| 20 |Unsuited | |Unsuited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | | | |

BlC: | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 60 |Poorly suited | |Well suited |

 | | Rock fragments |0.50 | |

 | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 30 |Poorly suited | |Poorly suited |

 | | Rock fragments |0.50 | Rock fragments |0.50

 | | | | |
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

472

Table 10d.--Forestland Management--Continued

______________________________________________________________________________

 | | |

 | | Suitability for | Suitability for

 Map symbol |Pct.| mechanical site | mechanical site

 and soil name | of | preparation (surface) | preparation (deep)

 |map |_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | |

BlE: | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 55 |Poorly suited | |Poorly suited |

 | | Slope |0.50 | Slope |0.50

 | | Rock fragments |0.50 | |

 | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 35 |Poorly suited | |Poorly suited |

 | | Slope |0.50 | Slope |0.50

 | | Rock fragments |0.50 | Rock fragments |0.50

 | | | | |

BlF: | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 45 |Unsuited | |Unsuited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Rock fragments |0.50 | |

 | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 40 |Unsuited | |Unsuited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Rock fragments |0.50 | Rock fragments |0.50

 | | | | |

BrE: | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 50 |Poorly suited | |Poorly suited |

 | | Slope |0.50 | Slope |0.50

 | | Rock fragments |0.50 | |

 | | | | |

 Weikert-------------| 35 |Poorly suited | |Poorly suited |

 | | Slope |0.50 | Slope |0.50

 | | Rock fragments |0.50 | |

 | | | | |

BrF: | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 50 |Unsuited | |Unsuited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Rock fragments |0.50 | |

 | | | | |

 Weikert-------------| 35 |Unsuited | |Unsuited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Rock fragments |0.50 | |

 | | | | |

BtC: | | | | |

 Blackthorn----------| 75 |Poorly suited | |Poorly suited |

 | | Rock fragments |0.50 | Rock fragments |0.50

 | | | | |

BtE: | | | | |

 Blackthorn----------| 75 |Poorly suited | |Poorly suited |

 | | Slope |0.50 | Slope |0.50

 | | Rock fragments |0.50 | Rock fragments |0.50

 | | | | |

BxF: | | | | |

 Briery--------------| 75 |Unsuited | |Unsuited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Rock fragments |0.50 | |

 | | | | |

 Rock outcrop--------| 15 |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | |

CbC: | | | | |

 Calvin--------------| 45 |Well suited | |Well suited |

 | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 25 |Poorly suited | |Poorly suited |

 | | Rock fragments |0.50 | Rock fragments |0.50

 | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 20 |Poorly suited | |Well suited |

 | | Rock fragments |0.50 | |

 | | | | |
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

473

Table 10d.--Forestland Management--Continued

______________________________________________________________________________

 | | |

 | | Suitability for | Suitability for

 Map symbol |Pct.| mechanical site | mechanical site

 and soil name | of | preparation (surface) | preparation (deep)

 |map |_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | |

CbE: | | | | |

 Calvin--------------| 35 |Poorly suited | |Poorly suited |

 | | Slope |0.50 | Slope |0.50

 | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 30 |Poorly suited | |Poorly suited |

 | | Slope |0.50 | Slope |0.50

 | | Rock fragments |0.50 | Rock fragments |0.50

 | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 20 |Poorly suited | |Poorly suited |

 | | Slope |0.50 | Slope |0.50

 | | Rock fragments |0.50 | |

 | | | | |

CbF: | | | | |

 Calvin--------------| 35 |Unsuited | |Unsuited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 25 |Unsuited | |Unsuited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Rock fragments |0.50 | Rock fragments |0.50

 | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 20 |Unsuited | |Unsuited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Rock fragments |0.50 | |

 | | | | |

CeF: | | | | |

 Caneyville----------| 40 |Unsuited | |Unsuited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Stickiness |0.50 | |

 | | High plasticity |0.50 | |

 | | index | | |

 | | | | |

 Frederick-----------| 30 |Unsuited | |Unsuited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Stickiness |0.50 | |

 | | High plasticity |0.50 | |

 | | index | | |

 | | | | |

 Rock outcrop--------| 20 |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | |

CfB: | | | | |

 Cateache------------| 85 |Well suited | |Well suited |

 | | | | |

CfC: | | | | |

 Cateache------------| 85 |Well suited | |Well suited |

 | | | | |

CfD: | | | | |

 Cateache------------| 85 |Poorly suited | |Poorly suited |

 | | Slope |0.50 | Slope |0.50

 | | | | |

CfE: | | | | |

 Cateache------------| 85 |Poorly suited | |Poorly suited |

 | | Slope |0.50 | Slope |0.50

 | | | | |

CfF: | | | | |

 Cateache------------| 85 |Unsuited | |Unsuited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | | | |

CgC: | | | | |

 Cateache------------| 85 |Well suited | |Well suited |

 | | | | |
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

474

Table 10d.--Forestland Management--Continued

______________________________________________________________________________

 | | |

 | | Suitability for | Suitability for

 Map symbol |Pct.| mechanical site | mechanical site

 and soil name | of | preparation (surface) | preparation (deep)

 |map |_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | |

CgE: | | | | |

 Cateache------------| 85 |Poorly suited | |Poorly suited |

 | | Slope |0.50 | Slope |0.50

 | | | | |

CgF: | | | | |

 Cateache------------| 85 |Unsuited | |Unsuited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | | | |

Ch: | | | | |

 Chavies-------------| 85 |Well suited | |Well suited |

 | | | | |

CpB: | | | | |

 Cookport------------| 80 |Well suited | |Well suited |

 | | | | |

CuB: | | | | |

 Culleoka------------| 90 |Poorly suited | |Poorly suited |

 | | Rock fragments |0.50 | Rock fragments |0.50

 | | | | |

CuC: | | | | |

 Culleoka------------| 85 |Poorly suited | |Poorly suited |

 | | Rock fragments |0.50 | Rock fragments |0.50

 | | | | |

CuD: | | | | |

 Culleoka------------| 85 |Poorly suited | |Poorly suited |

 | | Slope |0.50 | Rock fragments |0.50

 | | Rock fragments |0.50 | Slope |0.50

 | | | | |

CyE: | | | | |

 Culleoka------------| 80 |Poorly suited | |Poorly suited |

 | | Slope |0.50 | Rock fragments |0.50

 | | Rock fragments |0.50 | Slope |0.50

 | | | | |

CyF: | | | | |

 Culleoka------------| 75 |Unsuited | |Unsuited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Rock fragments |0.50 | Rock fragments |0.50

 | | | | |

DeC: | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 75 |Poorly suited | |Poorly suited |

 | | Rock fragments |0.50 | Rock fragments |0.50

 | | | | |

DeE: | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 75 |Poorly suited | |Poorly suited |

 | | Slope |0.50 | Slope |0.50

 | | Rock fragments |0.50 | Rock fragments |0.50

 | | | | |

DeF: | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 75 |Unsuited | |Unsuited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Rock fragments |0.50 | Rock fragments |0.50

 | | | | |

DhC: | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 55 |Poorly suited | |Poorly suited |

 | | Rock fragments |0.50 | Rock fragments |0.50

 | | | | |

 Hazleton------------| 35 |Poorly suited | |Poorly suited |

 | | Rock fragments |0.50 | Rock fragments |0.50

 | | | | |
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

475

Table 10d.--Forestland Management--Continued

______________________________________________________________________________

 | | |

 | | Suitability for | Suitability for

 Map symbol |Pct.| mechanical site | mechanical site

 and soil name | of | preparation (surface) | preparation (deep)

 |map |_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | |

DhE: | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 55 |Poorly suited | |Poorly suited |

 | | Slope |0.50 | Slope |0.50

 | | Rock fragments |0.50 | Rock fragments |0.50

 | | | | |

 Hazleton------------| 35 |Poorly suited | |Poorly suited |

 | | Slope |0.50 | Rock fragments |0.50

 | | Rock fragments |0.50 | Slope |0.50

 | | | | |

DhF: | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 55 |Unsuited | |Unsuited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Rock fragments |0.50 | Rock fragments |0.50

 | | | | |

 Hazleton------------| 35 |Unsuited | |Unsuited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Rock fragments |0.50 | Rock fragments |0.50

 | | | | |

DkF: | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 45 |Unsuited | |Unsuited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Rock fragments |0.50 | Rock fragments |0.50

 | | | | |

 Rock outcrop--------| 40 |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | |

Du: | | | | |

 Dunning-------------| 85 |Unsuited | |Unsuited |

 | | Wetness |0.75 | Wetness |1.00

 | | | | |

ElF: | | | | |

 Elliber-------------| 80 |Unsuited | |Unsuited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Rock fragments |0.50 | Rock fragments |0.50

 | | | | |

ErB: | | | | |

 Ernest--------------| 80 |Well suited | |Well suited |

 | | | | |

EsC: | | | | |

 Ernest--------------| 75 |Poorly suited | |Poorly suited |

 | | Rock fragments |0.50 | Rock fragments |0.50

 | | | | |

FaE: | | | | |

 Faywood-------------| 75 |Poorly suited | |Poorly suited |

 | | Slope |0.50 | Slope |0.50

 | | Stickiness |0.50 | |

 | | High plasticity |0.50 | |

 | | index | | |

 | | | | |

FaF: | | | | |

 Faywood-------------| 75 |Unsuited | |Unsuited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Stickiness |0.50 | |

 | | High plasticity |0.50 | |

 | | index | | |

 | | | | |

FkB: | | | | |

 Frankstown----------| 75 |Well suited | |Well suited |

 | | | | |

FkC: | | | | |

 Frankstown----------| 75 |Well suited | |Well suited |

 | | | | |
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

476

Table 10d.--Forestland Management--Continued

______________________________________________________________________________

 | | |

 | | Suitability for | Suitability for

 Map symbol |Pct.| mechanical site | mechanical site

 and soil name | of | preparation (surface) | preparation (deep)

 |map |_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | |

FkD: | | | | |

 Frankstown----------| 75 |Poorly suited | |Poorly suited |

 | | Slope |0.50 | Slope |0.50

 | | | | |

FoC: | | | | |

 Frankstown----------| 75 |Well suited | |Well suited |

 | | | | |

FoE: | | | | |

 Frankstown----------| 75 |Poorly suited | |Poorly suited |

 | | Slope |0.50 | Slope |0.50

 | | | | |

FrB: | | | | |

 Frederick-----------| 80 |Poorly suited | |Well suited |

 | | Stickiness |0.50 | |

 | | High plasticity |0.50 | |

 | | index | | |

 | | | | |

FrC: | | | | |

 Frederick-----------| 80 |Poorly suited | |Well suited |

 | | Stickiness |0.50 | |

 | | High plasticity |0.50 | |

 | | index | | |

 | | | | |

FrD: | | | | |

 Frederick-----------| 80 |Poorly suited | |Poorly suited |

 | | Slope |0.50 | Slope |0.50

 | | Stickiness |0.50 | |

 | | High plasticity |0.50 | |

 | | index | | |

 | | | | |

FyC: | | | | |

 Frederick-----------| 45 |Poorly suited | |Well suited |

 | | Stickiness |0.50 | |

 | | High plasticity |0.50 | |

 | | index | | |

 | | | | |

 Caneyville----------| 35 |Poorly suited | |Well suited |

 | | Stickiness |0.50 | |

 | | High plasticity |0.50 | |

 | | index | | |

 | | | | |

FyE: | | | | |

 Frederick-----------| 40 |Poorly suited | |Poorly suited |

 | | Slope |0.50 | Slope |0.50

 | | Stickiness |0.50 | |

 | | High plasticity |0.50 | |

 | | index | | |

 | | | | |

 Caneyville----------| 40 |Poorly suited | |Poorly suited |

 | | Slope |0.50 | Slope |0.50

 | | Stickiness |0.50 | |

 | | High plasticity |0.50 | |

 | | index | | |

 | | | | |

GaC: | | | | |

 Gauley--------------| 85 |Poorly suited | |Poorly suited |

 | | Rock fragments |0.50 | Rock fragments |0.50

 | | | | |
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

477

Table 10d.--Forestland Management--Continued

______________________________________________________________________________

 | | |

 | | Suitability for | Suitability for

 Map symbol |Pct.| mechanical site | mechanical site

 and soil name | of | preparation (surface) | preparation (deep)

 |map |_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | |

GaE: | | | | |

 Gauley--------------| 80 |Poorly suited | |Poorly suited |

 | | Slope |0.50 | Slope |0.50

 | | Rock fragments |0.50 | Rock fragments |0.50

 | | | | |

GnC: | | | | |

 Gilpin--------------| 75 |Well suited | |Well suited |

 | | | | |

GnD: | | | | |

 Gilpin--------------| 75 |Poorly suited | |Poorly suited |

 | | Slope |0.50 | Slope |0.50

 | | | | |

GpC: | | | | |

 Gilpin--------------| 75 |Well suited | |Well suited |

 | | | | |

GpE: | | | | |

 Gilpin--------------| 75 |Poorly suited | |Poorly suited |

 | | Slope |0.50 | Slope |0.50

 | | | | |

Ho: | | | | |

 Holly---------------| 90 |Well suited | |Well suited |

 | | | | |

KxF: | | | | |

 Kaymine-------------| 70 |Unsuited | |Unsuited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Rock fragments |0.50 | |

 | | | | |

 Rock outcrop--------| 15 |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | |

LcC: | | | | |

 Leatherbark---------| 85 |Well suited | |Well suited |

 | | | | |

LgB: | | | | |

 Lily----------------| 85 |Well suited | |Well suited |

 | | | | |

LgC: | | | | |

 Lily----------------| 85 |Well suited | |Well suited |

 | | | | |

LhE: | | | | |

 Lily----------------| 80 |Poorly suited | |Poorly suited |

 | | Slope |0.50 | Slope |0.50

 | | | | |

Lo: | | | | |

 Lobdell-------------| 75 |Well suited | |Well suited |

 | | | | |

MaB: | | | | |

 Macove--------------| 85 |Well suited | |Well suited |

 | | | | |

MaC: | | | | |

 Macove--------------| 85 |Well suited | |Well suited |

 | | | | |

MaD: | | | | |

 Macove--------------| 80 |Poorly suited | |Poorly suited |

 | | Slope |0.50 | Slope |0.50

 | | | | |

McC: | | | | |

 Macove--------------| 80 |Well suited | |Well suited |

 | | | | |
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

478

Table 10d.--Forestland Management--Continued

______________________________________________________________________________

 | | |

 | | Suitability for | Suitability for

 Map symbol |Pct.| mechanical site | mechanical site

 and soil name | of | preparation (surface) | preparation (deep)

 |map |_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | |

McE: | | | | |

 Macove--------------| 75 |Poorly suited | |Poorly suited |

 | | Slope |0.50 | Slope |0.50

 | | | | |

MeF: | | | | |

 Macove--------------| 55 |Unsuited | |Unsuited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | | | |

 Gilpin--------------| 30 |Unsuited | |Unsuited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | | | |

MkC: | | | | |

 Mandy---------------| 85 |Well suited | |Well suited |

 | | | | |

MkE: | | | | |

 Mandy---------------| 80 |Poorly suited | |Poorly suited |

 | | Slope |0.50 | Slope |0.50

 | | | | |

MkF: | | | | |

 Mandy---------------| 80 |Unsuited | |Unsuited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | | | |

MkG: | | | | |

 Mandy---------------| 80 |Unsuited | |Unsuited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | | | |

Ml: | | | | |

 Melvin--------------| 50 |Poorly suited | |Unsuited |

 | | Wetness |0.50 | Wetness |1.00

 | | | | |

 Lindside------------| 35 |Well suited | |Well suited |

 | | | | |

MzC: | | | | |

 Mertz---------------| 75 |Well suited | |Well suited |

 | | | | |

MzE: | | | | |

 Mertz---------------| 75 |Poorly suited | |Poorly suited |

 | | Slope |0.50 | Slope |0.50

 | | | | |

No: | | | | |

 Nolin---------------| 80 |Well suited | |Well suited |

 | | | | |

Ph: | | | | |

 Philo---------------| 75 |Well suited | |Well suited |

 | | | | |

Po: | | | | |

 Pope----------------| 75 |Well suited | |Well suited |

 | | | | |

Pt: | | | | |

 Potomac-------------| 80 |Poorly suited | |Well suited |

 | | Rock fragments |0.50 | |

 | | | | |

PuA: | | | | |

 Purdy---------------| 80 |Well suited | |Well suited |

 | | | | |

Qu: | | | | |

 Quarry--------------| 80 |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | |

Se: | | | | |

 Sensabaugh----------| 80 |Well suited | |Well suited |

 | | | | |
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

479

Table 10d.--Forestland Management--Continued

______________________________________________________________________________

 | | |

 | | Suitability for | Suitability for

 Map symbol |Pct.| mechanical site | mechanical site

 and soil name | of | preparation (surface) | preparation (deep)

 |map |_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | |

SfB: | | | | |

 Shouns--------------| 85 |Well suited | |Well suited |

 | | | | |

SfC: | | | | |

 Shouns--------------| 85 |Well suited | |Well suited |

 | | | | |

ShC: | | | | |

 Shouns--------------| 80 |Poorly suited | |Poorly suited |

 | | Rock fragments |0.50 | Rock fragments |0.50

 | | | | |

ShE: | | | | |

 Shouns--------------| 75 |Poorly suited | |Poorly suited |

 | | Slope |0.50 | Slope |0.50

 | | Rock fragments |0.50 | Rock fragments |0.50

 | | | | |

ShF: | | | | |

 Shouns--------------| 75 |Unsuited | |Unsuited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Rock fragments |0.50 | Rock fragments |0.50

 | | | | |

SmC: | | | | |

 Simoda--------------| 75 |Poorly suited | |Poorly suited |

 | | Rock fragments |0.50 | Rock fragments |0.50

 | | | | |

SoC: | | | | |

 Snowdog-------------| 75 |Poorly suited | |Unsuited |

 | | Rock fragments |0.50 | Wetness |1.00

 | | | | Rock fragments |0.50

 | | | | |

SoE: | | | | |

 Snowdog-------------| 75 |Poorly suited | |Unsuited |

 | | Slope |0.50 | Wetness |1.00

 | | Rock fragments |0.50 | Slope |0.50

 | | | | Rock fragments |0.50

 | | | | |

SoF: | | | | |

 Snowdog-------------| 75 |Unsuited | |Unsuited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Rock fragments |0.50 | Wetness |1.00

 | | | | Rock fragments |0.50

 | | | | |

SvC: | | | | |

 Summers-------------| 75 |Well suited | |Well suited |

 | | | | |

Tp: | | | | |

 Tioga---------------| 55 |Well suited | |Well suited |

 | | | | |

 Potomac-------------| 35 |Poorly suited | |Well suited |

 | | Rock fragments |0.50 | |

 | | | | |

TrC: | | | | |

 Trussel-------------| 80 |Poorly suited | |Unsuited |

 | | Wetness |0.50 | Wetness |1.00

 | | | | |

Uf: | | | | |

 Udifluvents---------| 45 |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | |

 Fluvaquents---------| 35 |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | |
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

480

Table 10d.--Forestland Management--Continued

______________________________________________________________________________

 | | |

 | | Suitability for | Suitability for

 Map symbol |Pct.| mechanical site | mechanical site

 and soil name | of | preparation (surface) | preparation (deep)

 |map |_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | |

Ux: | | | | |

 Udorthents----------| 60 |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | |

 Rock outcrop--------| 35 |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | |

WeC: | | | | |

 Weikert-------------| 80 |Poorly suited | |Well suited |

 | | Rock fragments |0.50 | |

 | | | | |

WeD: | | | | |

 Weikert-------------| 75 |Poorly suited | |Poorly suited |

 | | Slope |0.50 | Slope |0.50

 | | Rock fragments |0.50 | |

 | | | | |

WeF: | | | | |

 Weikert-------------| 75 |Unsuited | |Unsuited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Rock fragments |0.50 | |

 | | | | |

WrG: | | | | |

 Weikert-------------| 40 |Unsuited | |Unsuited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Rock fragments |0.50 | |

 | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 35 |Unsuited | |Unsuited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Rock fragments |0.50 | |

 | | | | |

 Rough---------------| 15 |Unsuited | |Unsuited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Rock fragments |0.50 | |

 | | | | |

ZoA: | | | | |

 Zoar----------------| 80 |Well suited | |Well suited |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

481

Table 10e.--Forestland Management

(The information in this table indicates the dominant soil condition but does

 not eliminate the need for onsite investigation. The numbers in the

 value columns range from 0.01 to 1.00. The larger the value, the greater

 the limitation. See text for further explanation of ratings in this

 table.)

______________________________________________________________________________

 | | |

 |Pct.| Potential for damage | Potential for

 Map symbol | of | to soil by fire | seedling mortality

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | |

AlB: | | | | |

 Allegheny-----------| 90 |Low | |Moderate |

 | | Texture |0.10 | Soil reaction |0.50

 | | Rock fragments |0.10 | |

 | | | | |

AlC: | | | | |

 Allegheny-----------| 90 |Low | |Moderate |

 | | Texture |0.10 | Soil reaction |0.50

 | | Rock fragments |0.10 | |

 | | | | |

An: | | | | |

 Atkins--------------| 35 |Low | |High |

 | | | | Wetness |1.00

 | | | | |

 Philo---------------| 30 |Low | |Low |

 | | Texture |0.10 | |

 | | Rock fragments |0.10 | |

 | | | | |

 Potomac-------------| 20 |Low | |Low |

 | | Texture |0.10 | |

 | | Rock fragments |0.10 | |

 | | | | |

BaE: | | | | |

 Belmont-------------| 75 |Low | |Moderate |

 | | | | Soil reaction |0.50

 | | | | |

BcC: | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 80 |Low | |Moderate |

 | | | | Soil reaction |0.50

 | | | | |

BcE: | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 75 |Low | |Moderate |

 | | | | Soil reaction |0.50

 | | | | |

BcF: | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 75 |Moderate | |Moderate |

 | | Texture |0.50 | Soil reaction |0.50

 | | Slope |0.50 | |

 | | Surface depth |0.50 | |

 | | Rock fragments |0.50 | |

 | | | | |

BkG: | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 35 |Moderate | |Moderate |

 | | Texture |0.50 | Soil reaction |0.50

 | | Slope |0.50 | |

 | | Surface depth |0.50 | |

 | | Rock fragments |0.50 | |

 | | | | |

 Weikert-------------| 25 |Low | |Moderate |

 | | | | Soil reaction |0.50

 | | | | |

 Calvin--------------| 20 |Moderate | |Moderate |

 | | Texture |0.50 | Soil reaction |0.50

 | | Slope |0.50 | |

 | | Surface depth |0.50 | |

 | | Rock fragments |0.50 | |
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

482

Table 10e.--Forestland Management--Continued

______________________________________________________________________________

 | | |

 |Pct.| Potential for damage | Potential for

 Map symbol | of | to soil by fire | seedling mortality

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | |

BlC: | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 60 |Low | |Moderate |

 | | | | Soil reaction |0.50

 | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 30 |Low | |Moderate |

 | | | | Soil reaction |0.50

 | | | | |

BlE: | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 55 |Low | |Moderate |

 | | | | Soil reaction |0.50

 | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 35 |Low | |Moderate |

 | | | | Soil reaction |0.50

 | | | | |

BlF: | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 45 |Moderate | |Moderate |

 | | Texture |0.50 | Soil reaction |0.50

 | | Slope |0.50 | |

 | | Surface depth |0.50 | |

 | | Rock fragments |0.50 | |

 | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 40 |Moderate | |Moderate |

 | | Texture |0.50 | Soil reaction |0.50

 | | Slope |0.50 | |

 | | Surface depth |0.50 | |

 | | Rock fragments |0.50 | |

 | | | | |

BrE: | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 50 |Low | |Moderate |

 | | | | Soil reaction |0.50

 | | | | |

 Weikert-------------| 35 |Low | |Moderate |

 | | Texture |0.10 | Soil reaction |0.50

 | | Rock fragments |0.10 | |

 | | | | |

BrF: | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 50 |Moderate | |Moderate |

 | | Texture |0.50 | Soil reaction |0.50

 | | Slope |0.50 | |

 | | Surface depth |0.50 | |

 | | Rock fragments |0.50 | |

 | | | | |

 Weikert-------------| 35 |Low | |Moderate |

 | | | | Soil reaction |0.50

 | | | | |

BtC: | | | | |

 Blackthorn----------| 75 |Low | |Moderate |

 | | | | Soil reaction |0.50

 | | | | |

BtE: | | | | |

 Blackthorn----------| 75 |Low | |Moderate |

 | | | | Soil reaction |0.50

 | | | | |

BxF: | | | | |

 Briery--------------| 75 |High | |Low |

 | | Texture |1.00 | Soil reaction |0.50

 | | Slope |1.00 | |

 | | Surface depth |1.00 | |

 | | Rock fragments |1.00 | |

 | | | | |

 Rock outcrop--------| 15 |Not rated | |Not rated |
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

483

Table 10e.--Forestland Management--Continued

______________________________________________________________________________

 | | |

 |Pct.| Potential for damage | Potential for

 Map symbol | of | to soil by fire | seedling mortality

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | |

CbC: | | | | |

 Calvin--------------| 45 |Low | |Moderate |

 | | | | Soil reaction |0.50

 | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 25 |Low | |Moderate |

 | | | | Soil reaction |0.50

 | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 20 |Low | |Moderate |

 | | | | Soil reaction |0.50

 | | | | |

CbE: | | | | |

 Calvin--------------| 35 |Low | |Moderate |

 | | | | Soil reaction |0.50

 | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 30 |Low | |Moderate |

 | | | | Soil reaction |0.50

 | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 20 |Low | |Moderate |

 | | | | Soil reaction |0.50

 | | | | |

CbF: | | | | |

 Calvin--------------| 35 |Moderate | |Moderate |

 | | Texture |0.50 | Soil reaction |0.50

 | | Slope |0.50 | |

 | | Surface depth |0.50 | |

 | | Rock fragments |0.50 | |

 | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 25 |Moderate | |Moderate |

 | | Texture |0.50 | Soil reaction |0.50

 | | Slope |0.50 | |

 | | Surface depth |0.50 | |

 | | Rock fragments |0.50 | |

 | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 20 |Moderate | |Moderate |

 | | Texture |0.50 | Soil reaction |0.50

 | | Slope |0.50 | |

 | | Surface depth |0.50 | |

 | | Rock fragments |0.50 | |

 | | | | |

CeF: | | | | |

 Caneyville----------| 40 |Moderate | |Low |

 | | Texture |0.50 | |

 | | Slope |0.50 | |

 | | Surface depth |0.50 | |

 | | Rock fragments |0.50 | |

 | | | | |

 Frederick-----------| 30 |Low | |Low |

 | | | | |

 Rock outcrop--------| 20 |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | |

CfB: | | | | |

 Cateache------------| 85 |Low | |Moderate |

 | | | | Soil reaction |0.50

 | | | | |

CfC: | | | | |

 Cateache------------| 85 |Low | |Moderate |

 | | | | Soil reaction |0.50

 | | | | |

CfD: | | | | |

 Cateache------------| 85 |Low | |Moderate |

 | | | | Soil reaction |0.50

 | | | | |
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

484

Table 10e.--Forestland Management--Continued

______________________________________________________________________________

 | | |

 |Pct.| Potential for damage | Potential for

 Map symbol | of | to soil by fire | seedling mortality

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | |

CfE: | | | | |

 Cateache------------| 85 |Moderate | |Moderate |

 | | Texture |0.50 | Soil reaction |0.50

 | | Slope |0.50 | |

 | | Surface depth |0.50 | |

 | | Rock fragments |0.50 | |

 | | | | |

CfF: | | | | |

 Cateache------------| 85 |Moderate | |Moderate |

 | | Texture |0.50 | Soil reaction |0.50

 | | Slope |0.50 | |

 | | Surface depth |0.50 | |

 | | Rock fragments |0.50 | |

 | | | | |

CgC: | | | | |

 Cateache------------| 85 |Low | |Moderate |

 | | | | Soil reaction |0.50

 | | | | |

CgE: | | | | |

 Cateache------------| 85 |Low | |Moderate |

 | | | | Soil reaction |0.50

 | | | | |

CgF: | | | | |

 Cateache------------| 85 |Moderate | |Moderate |

 | | Texture |0.50 | Soil reaction |0.50

 | | Slope |0.50 | |

 | | Surface depth |0.50 | |

 | | Rock fragments |0.50 | |

 | | | | |

Ch: | | | | |

 Chavies-------------| 85 |Low | |Low |

 | | Texture |0.10 | |

 | | Rock fragments |0.10 | |

 | | | | |

CpB: | | | | |

 Cookport------------| 80 |Low | |High |

 | | Texture |0.10 | Wetness |1.00

 | | Rock fragments |0.10 | Soil reaction |0.50

 | | | | |

CuB: | | | | |

 Culleoka------------| 90 |Low | |Moderate |

 | | | | Soil reaction |0.50

 | | | | |

CuC: | | | | |

 Culleoka------------| 85 |Low | |Moderate |

 | | | | Soil reaction |0.50

 | | | | |

CuD: | | | | |

 Culleoka------------| 85 |Low | |Moderate |

 | | | | Soil reaction |0.50

 | | | | |

CyE: | | | | |

 Culleoka------------| 80 |Moderate | |Moderate |

 | | Texture |0.50 | Soil reaction |0.50

 | | Slope |0.50 | |

 | | Surface depth |0.50 | |

 | | Rock fragments |0.50 | |

 | | | | |
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

485

Table 10e.--Forestland Management--Continued

______________________________________________________________________________

 | | |

 |Pct.| Potential for damage | Potential for

 Map symbol | of | to soil by fire | seedling mortality

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | |

CyF: | | | | |

 Culleoka------------| 75 |Moderate | |Moderate |

 | | Texture |0.50 | Soil reaction |0.50

 | | Slope |0.50 | |

 | | Surface depth |0.50 | |

 | | Rock fragments |0.50 | |

 | | | | |

DeC: | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 75 |Low | |Moderate |

 | | | | Soil reaction |0.50

 | | | | |

DeE: | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 75 |Low | |Moderate |

 | | | | Soil reaction |0.50

 | | | | |

DeF: | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 75 |Moderate | |Moderate |

 | | Texture |0.50 | Soil reaction |0.50

 | | Slope |0.50 | |

 | | Surface depth |0.50 | |

 | | Rock fragments |0.50 | |

 | | | | |

DhC: | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 55 |Low | |Moderate |

 | | | | Soil reaction |0.50

 | | | | |

 Hazleton------------| 35 |Low | |Moderate |

 | | | | Soil reaction |0.50

 | | | | |

DhE: | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 55 |Low | |Moderate |

 | | | | Soil reaction |0.50

 | | | | |

 Hazleton------------| 35 |Low | |Moderate |

 | | | | Soil reaction |0.50

 | | | | |

DhF: | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 55 |Moderate | |Moderate |

 | | Texture |0.50 | Soil reaction |0.50

 | | Slope |0.50 | |

 | | Surface depth |0.50 | |

 | | Rock fragments |0.50 | |

 | | | | |

 Hazleton------------| 35 |Moderate | |Moderate |

 | | Texture |0.50 | Soil reaction |0.50

 | | Slope |0.50 | |

 | | Surface depth |0.50 | |

 | | Rock fragments |0.50 | |

 | | | | |

DkF: | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 45 |Moderate | |Moderate |

 | | Texture |0.50 | Soil reaction |0.50

 | | Slope |0.50 | |

 | | Surface depth |0.50 | |

 | | Rock fragments |0.50 | |

 | | | | |

 Rock outcrop--------| 40 |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | |
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

486

Table 10e.--Forestland Management--Continued

______________________________________________________________________________

 | | |

 |Pct.| Potential for damage | Potential for

 Map symbol | of | to soil by fire | seedling mortality

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | |

Du: | | | | |

 Dunning-------------| 85 |Low | |High |

 | | Texture |0.10 | Wetness |1.00

 | | Rock fragments |0.10 | |

 | | | | |

ElF: | | | | |

 Elliber-------------| 80 |Moderate | |Moderate |

 | | Texture |0.50 | Soil reaction |0.50

 | | Rock fragments |0.50 | |

 | | | | |

ErB: | | | | |

 Ernest--------------| 80 |Low | |Moderate |

 | | Texture |0.10 | Soil reaction |0.50

 | | Rock fragments |0.10 | |

 | | | | |

EsC: | | | | |

 Ernest--------------| 75 |Low | |Moderate |

 | | Texture |0.10 | Soil reaction |0.50

 | | Rock fragments |0.10 | |

 | | | | |

FaE: | | | | |

 Faywood-------------| 75 |Low | |Low |

 | | Texture |0.10 | |

 | | Rock fragments |0.10 | |

 | | | | |

FaF: | | | | |

 Faywood-------------| 75 |Low | |Low |

 | | | | |

FkB: | | | | |

 Frankstown----------| 75 |Low | |Low |

 | | | | |

FkC: | | | | |

 Frankstown----------| 75 |Low | |Low |

 | | | | |

FkD: | | | | |

 Frankstown----------| 75 |Low | |Low |

 | | | | |

FoC: | | | | |

 Frankstown----------| 75 |Low | |Low |

 | | | | |

FoE: | | | | |

 Frankstown----------| 75 |Low | |Low |

 | | | | |

FrB: | | | | |

 Frederick-----------| 80 |Low | |Low |

 | | Texture |0.10 | |

 | | Rock fragments |0.10 | |

 | | | | |

FrC: | | | | |

 Frederick-----------| 80 |Low | |Low |

 | | Texture |0.10 | |

 | | Rock fragments |0.10 | |

 | | | | |

FrD: | | | | |

 Frederick-----------| 80 |Low | |Low |

 | | Texture |0.10 | |

 | | Rock fragments |0.10 | |

 | | | | |
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

487

Table 10e.--Forestland Management--Continued

______________________________________________________________________________

 | | |

 |Pct.| Potential for damage | Potential for

 Map symbol | of | to soil by fire | seedling mortality

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | |

FyC: | | | | |

 Frederick-----------| 45 |Low | |Low |

 | | Texture |0.10 | |

 | | Rock fragments |0.10 | |

 | | | | |

 Caneyville----------| 35 |Low | |Low |

 | | | | |

FyE: | | | | |

 Frederick-----------| 40 |Low | |Low |

 | | Texture |0.10 | |

 | | Rock fragments |0.10 | |

 | | | | |

 Caneyville----------| 40 |Low | |Low |

 | | | | |

GaC: | | | | |

 Gauley--------------| 85 |Low | |Moderate |

 | | | | Soil reaction |0.50

 | | | | |

GaE: | | | | |

 Gauley--------------| 80 |Low | |Moderate |

 | | | | Soil reaction |0.50

 | | | | |

GnC: | | | | |

 Gilpin--------------| 75 |Low | |Moderate |

 | | | | Soil reaction |0.50

 | | | | |

GnD: | | | | |

 Gilpin--------------| 75 |Low | |Moderate |

 | | | | Soil reaction |0.50

 | | | | |

GpC: | | | | |

 Gilpin--------------| 75 |Low | |Moderate |

 | | | | Soil reaction |0.50

 | | | | |

GpE: | | | | |

 Gilpin--------------| 75 |Low | |Moderate |

 | | | | Soil reaction |0.50

 | | | | |

Ho: | | | | |

 Holly---------------| 90 |Low | |High |

 | | | | Wetness |1.00

 | | | | |

KxF: | | | | |

 Kaymine-------------| 70 |High | |Low |

 | | Texture |1.00 | |

 | | Rock fragments |1.00 | |

 | | | | |

 Rock outcrop--------| 15 |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | |

LcC: | | | | |

 Leatherbark---------| 85 |Low | |High |

 | | Texture |0.10 | Wetness |1.00

 | | Rock fragments |0.10 | Soil reaction |0.50

 | | | | |

LgB: | | | | |

 Lily----------------| 85 |Low | |Moderate |

 | | Texture |0.10 | Soil reaction |0.50

 | | Rock fragments |0.10 | |

 | | | | |
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

488

Table 10e.--Forestland Management--Continued

______________________________________________________________________________

 | | |

 |Pct.| Potential for damage | Potential for

 Map symbol | of | to soil by fire | seedling mortality

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | |

LgC: | | | | |

 Lily----------------| 85 |Low | |Moderate |

 | | Texture |0.10 | Soil reaction |0.50

 | | Rock fragments |0.10 | |

 | | | | |

LhE: | | | | |

 Lily----------------| 80 |Low | |Moderate |

 | | Texture |0.10 | Soil reaction |0.50

 | | Rock fragments |0.10 | |

 | | | | |

Lo: | | | | |

 Lobdell-------------| 75 |Moderate | |Low |

 | | Texture |0.50 | |

 | | Rock fragments |0.50 | |

 | | | | |

MaB: | | | | |

 Macove--------------| 85 |Low | |Moderate |

 | | | | Soil reaction |0.50

 | | | | |

MaC: | | | | |

 Macove--------------| 85 |Low | |Moderate |

 | | | | Soil reaction |0.50

 | | | | |

MaD: | | | | |

 Macove--------------| 80 |Low | |Moderate |

 | | | | Soil reaction |0.50

 | | | | |

McC: | | | | |

 Macove--------------| 80 |Low | |Moderate |

 | | | | Soil reaction |0.50

 | | | | |

McE: | | | | |

 Macove--------------| 75 |Low | |Moderate |

 | | | | Soil reaction |0.50

 | | | | |

MeF: | | | | |

 Macove--------------| 55 |High | |Moderate |

 | | Texture |1.00 | Soil reaction |0.50

 | | Slope |1.00 | |

 | | Surface depth |1.00 | |

 | | Rock fragments |1.00 | |

 | | | | |

 Gilpin--------------| 30 |Moderate | |Moderate |

 | | Texture |0.50 | Soil reaction |0.50

 | | Slope |0.50 | |

 | | Surface depth |0.50 | |

 | | Rock fragments |0.50 | |

 | | | | |

MkC: | | | | |

 Mandy---------------| 85 |Low | |Moderate |

 | | Texture |0.10 | Soil reaction |0.50

 | | Rock fragments |0.10 | |

 | | | | |

MkE: | | | | |

 Mandy---------------| 80 |Low | |Moderate |

 | | Texture |0.10 | Soil reaction |0.50

 | | Rock fragments |0.10 | |

 | | | | |

MkF: | | | | |

 Mandy---------------| 80 |Low | |Moderate |

 | | | | Soil reaction |0.50

 | | | | |
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

489

Table 10e.--Forestland Management--Continued

______________________________________________________________________________

 | | |

 |Pct.| Potential for damage | Potential for

 Map symbol | of | to soil by fire | seedling mortality

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | |

MkG: | | | | |

 Mandy---------------| 80 |Low | |Moderate |

 | | | | Soil reaction |0.50

 | | | | |

Ml: | | | | |

 Melvin--------------| 50 |Moderate | |High |

 | | Texture |0.50 | Wetness |1.00

 | | Rock fragments |0.50 | |

 | | | | |

 Lindside------------| 35 |Low | |Low |

 | | Texture |0.10 | |

 | | Rock fragments |0.10 | |

 | | | | |

MzC: | | | | |

 Mertz---------------| 75 |Low | |Moderate |

 | | | | Soil reaction |0.50

 | | | | |

MzE: | | | | |

 Mertz---------------| 75 |Low | |Moderate |

 | | | | Soil reaction |0.50

 | | | | |

No: | | | | |

 Nolin---------------| 80 |Low | |Low |

 | | Texture |0.10 | |

 | | Rock fragments |0.10 | |

 | | | | |

Ph: | | | | |

 Philo---------------| 75 |Low | |Low |

 | | Texture |0.10 | |

 | | Rock fragments |0.10 | |

 | | | | |

Po: | | | | |

 Pope----------------| 75 |Low | |Low |

 | | Texture |0.10 | |

 | | Rock fragments |0.10 | |

 | | | | |

Pt: | | | | |

 Potomac-------------| 80 |Low | |Low |

 | | Texture |0.10 | |

 | | Rock fragments |0.10 | |

 | | | | |

PuA: | | | | |

 Purdy---------------| 80 |Low | |High |

 | | Texture |0.10 | Wetness |1.00

 | | Rock fragments |0.10 | |

 | | | | |

Qu: | | | | |

 Quarry--------------| 80 |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | |

Se: | | | | |

 Sensabaugh----------| 80 |Low | |Low |

 | | Texture |0.10 | |

 | | Rock fragments |0.10 | |

 | | | | |

SfB: | | | | |

 Shouns--------------| 85 |Low | |Moderate |

 | | | | Soil reaction |0.50

 | | | | |

SfC: | | | | |

 Shouns--------------| 85 |Low | |Moderate |

 | | | | Soil reaction |0.50

 | | | | |
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

490

Table 10e.--Forestland Management--Continued

______________________________________________________________________________

 | | |

 |Pct.| Potential for damage | Potential for

 Map symbol | of | to soil by fire | seedling mortality

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | |

ShC: | | | | |

 Shouns--------------| 80 |Low | |Moderate |

 | | | | Soil reaction |0.50

 | | | | |

ShE: | | | | |

 Shouns--------------| 75 |Low | |Moderate |

 | | | | Soil reaction |0.50

 | | | | |

ShF: | | | | |

 Shouns--------------| 75 |Moderate | |Moderate |

 | | Texture |0.50 | Soil reaction |0.50

 | | Slope |0.50 | |

 | | Surface depth |0.50 | |

 | | Rock fragments |0.50 | |

 | | | | |

SmC: | | | | |

 Simoda--------------| 75 |Low | |Moderate |

 | | | | Soil reaction |0.50

 | | | | |

SoC: | | | | |

 Snowdog-------------| 75 |Low | |Moderate |

 | | | | Soil reaction |0.50

 | | | | |

SoE: | | | | |

 Snowdog-------------| 75 |Low | |Moderate |

 | | | | Soil reaction |0.50

 | | | | |

SoF: | | | | |

 Snowdog-------------| 75 |Moderate | |Moderate |

 | | Texture |0.50 | Soil reaction |0.50

 | | Slope |0.50 | |

 | | Surface depth |0.50 | |

 | | Rock fragments |0.50 | |

 | | | | |

SvC: | | | | |

 Summers-------------| 75 |Low | |Moderate |

 | | | | Soil reaction |0.50

 | | | | |

Tp: | | | | |

 Tioga---------------| 55 |Low | |Moderate |

 | | Texture |0.10 | Soil reaction |0.50

 | | Rock fragments |0.10 | |

 | | | | |

 Potomac-------------| 35 |Low | |Low |

 | | Texture |0.10 | |

 | | Rock fragments |0.10 | |

 | | | | |

TrC: | | | | |

 Trussel-------------| 80 |Low | |High |

 | | Texture |0.10 | Wetness |1.00

 | | Rock fragments |0.10 | Soil reaction |0.50

 | | | | |

Uf: | | | | |

 Udifluvents---------| 45 |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | |

 Fluvaquents---------| 35 |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | |

Ux: | | | | |

 Udorthents----------| 60 |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | |

 Rock outcrop--------| 35 |Not rated | |Not rated |
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

491

Table 10e.--Forestland Management--Continued

______________________________________________________________________________

 | | |

 |Pct.| Potential for damage | Potential for

 Map symbol | of | to soil by fire | seedling mortality

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | |

 | | | | |

WeC: | | | | |

 Weikert-------------| 80 |Low | |Moderate |

 | | Texture |0.10 | Soil reaction |0.50

 | | Rock fragments |0.10 | |

 | | | | |

WeD: | | | | |

 Weikert-------------| 75 |Low | |Moderate |

 | | Texture |0.10 | Soil reaction |0.50

 | | Rock fragments |0.10 | |

 | | | | |

WeF: | | | | |

 Weikert-------------| 75 |Low | |Moderate |

 | | | | Soil reaction |0.50

 | | | | |

WrG: | | | | |

 Weikert-------------| 40 |Low | |Moderate |

 | | | | Soil reaction |0.50

 | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 35 |Moderate | |Moderate |

 | | Texture |0.50 | Soil reaction |0.50

 | | Slope |0.50 | |

 | | Surface depth |0.50 | |

 | | Rock fragments |0.50 | |

 | | | | |

 Rough---------------| 15 |High | |Moderate |

 | | Texture |1.00 | Soil reaction |0.50

 | | Slope |1.00 | |

 | | Surface depth |1.00 | |

 | | Rock fragments |1.00 | |

 | | | | |

ZoA: | | | | |

 Zoar----------------| 80 |Low | |Low |

 | | Texture |0.10 | |

 | | Rock fragments |0.10 | |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

492

Table 11a.--Recreation

(The information in this table indicates the dominant soil condition but does not eliminate the need for

 for onsite investigation. The numbers in the value columns range from 0.01 to 1.00. The larger

 the value, the greater the limitation. See text for further explanation of ratings in this table.)

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 Map symbol |Pct.| Camp areas | Picnic areas | Playgrounds

 and soil name | of |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 |map | Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 |unit| limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

AlB: | | | | | | |

 Allegheny-----------| 90 |Not limited | |Not limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | | | | | Slope |0.88

 | | | | | | Gravel content |0.22

 | | | | | | |

AlC: | | | | | | |

 Allegheny-----------| 90 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |0.62 | Slope |0.62 | Slope |1.00

 | | | | | | Gravel content |0.22

 | | | | | | |

An: | | | | | | |

 Atkins--------------| 35 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |0.40 | Flooding |1.00

 | | | | | | Gravel content |0.44

 | | | | | | |

 Philo---------------| 30 |Very limited | |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Depth to |0.05 | Flooding |0.60

 | | Depth to |0.10 | saturated zone | | Depth to |0.10

 | | saturated zone | | | | saturated zone |

 | | | | | | Large stones |0.01

 | | | | | | content |

 | | | | | | |

 Potomac-------------| 20 |Very limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |0.40 | Flooding |1.00

 | | | | | | |

BaE: | | | | | | |

 Belmont-------------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | | | | | |

BcC: | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 80 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Large stones |0.53 | Large stones |0.53 | Slope |1.00

 | | content | | content | | Large stones |0.53

 | | Slope |0.16 | Slope |0.16 | content |

 | | | | | | Depth to bedrock |0.50

 | | | | | | Gravel content |0.23

 | | | | | | |

BcE: | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Large stones |0.53 | Large stones |0.53 | Large stones |0.53

 | | content | | content | | content |

 | | | | | | Depth to bedrock |0.50

 | | | | | | Gravel content |0.23

 | | | | | | |

BcF: | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Large stones |0.53 | Large stones |0.53 | Large stones |0.53

 | | content | | content | | content |

 | | | | | | Depth to bedrock |0.50

 | | | | | | Gravel content |0.23

 | | | | | | |
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

493

Table 11a.--Recreation--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 Map symbol |Pct.| Camp areas | Picnic areas | Playgrounds

 and soil name | of |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 |map | Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 |unit| limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

BkG: | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 35 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Large stones |0.53 | Large stones |0.53 | Large stones |0.53

 | | content | | content | | content |

 | | | | | | Depth to bedrock |0.46

 | | | | | | Gravel content |0.23

 | | | | | | |

 Weikert-------------| 25 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Large stones |0.53 | Large stones |0.53 | Gravel content |1.00

 | | content | | content | | Large stones |0.68

 | | Gravel content |0.12 | Gravel content |0.12 | content |

 | | | | | | |

 Calvin--------------| 20 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Large stones |0.53 | Large stones |0.53 | Gravel content |0.65

 | | content | | content | | Large stones |0.53

 | | | | | | content |

 | | | | | | Depth to bedrock |0.46

 | | | | | | |

BlC: | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 60 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Large stones |0.53 | Large stones |0.53 | Slope |1.00

 | | content | | content | | Large stones |0.53

 | | Slope |0.16 | Slope |0.16 | content |

 | | | | | | Depth to bedrock |0.50

 | | | | | | Gravel content |0.23

 | | | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 30 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Large stones |0.53 | Large stones |0.53 | Slope |1.00

 | | content | | content | | Large stones |0.79

 | | Slope |0.16 | Slope |0.16 | content |

 | | | | | | Gravel content |0.73

 | | | | | | Depth to bedrock |0.16

 | | | | | | |

BlE: | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 55 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Large stones |0.53 | Large stones |0.53 | Large stones |0.53

 | | content | | content | | content |

 | | | | | | Depth to bedrock |0.50

 | | | | | | Gravel content |0.23

 | | | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 35 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Large stones |0.53 | Large stones |0.53 | Large stones |0.79

 | | content | | content | | content |

 | | | | | | Gravel content |0.73

 | | | | | | Depth to bedrock |0.16

 | | | | | | |

BlF: | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 45 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Large stones |0.53 | Large stones |0.53 | Large stones |0.53

 | | content | | content | | content |

 | | | | | | Depth to bedrock |0.50

 | | | | | | Gravel content |0.23

 | | | | | | |
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

494

Table 11a.--Recreation--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 Map symbol |Pct.| Camp areas | Picnic areas | Playgrounds

 and soil name | of |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 |map | Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 |unit| limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

BlF: | | | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 40 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Large stones |0.53 | Large stones |0.53 | Large stones |0.79

 | | content | | content | | content |

 | | | | | | Gravel content |0.73

 | | | | | | Depth to bedrock |0.16

 | | | | | | |

BrE: | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 50 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Large stones |0.01 | Large stones |0.01 | Depth to bedrock |0.46

 | | content | | content | | Large stones |0.38

 | | | | | | content |

 | | | | | | Gravel content |0.23

 | | | | | | |

 Weikert-------------| 35 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Gravel content |0.12 | Gravel content |0.12 | Gravel content |1.00

 | | Large stones |0.01 | Large stones |0.01 | Large stones |0.68

 | | content | | content | | content |

 | | | | | | |

BrF: | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 50 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Large stones |0.01 | Large stones |0.01 | Depth to bedrock |0.46

 | | content | | content | | Large stones |0.38

 | | | | | | content |

 | | | | | | Gravel content |0.23

 | | | | | | |

 Weikert-------------| 35 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Gravel content |0.12 | Gravel content |0.12 | Gravel content |1.00

 | | Large stones |0.01 | Large stones |0.01 | Large stones |0.68

 | | content | | content | | content |

 | | | | | | |

BtC: | | | | | | |

 Blackthorn----------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Large stones |1.00 | Large stones |1.00 | Large stones |1.00

 | | content | | content | | content |

 | | Gravel content |0.23 | Gravel content |0.23 | Slope |1.00

 | | Slope |0.16 | Slope |0.16 | Gravel content |1.00

 | | | | | | |

BtE: | | | | | | |

 Blackthorn----------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Large stones |1.00 | Large stones |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | content | | content | | Large stones |1.00

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | content |

 | | Gravel content |0.23 | Gravel content |0.23 | Gravel content |1.00

 | | | | | | |

BxF: | | | | | | |

 Briery--------------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Gravel content |1.00

 | | Gravel content |0.66 | Gravel content |0.66 | Slope |1.00

 | | Large stones |0.53 | Large stones |0.53 | Large stones |0.61

 | | content | | content | | content |

 | | | | | | |

 Rock outcrop--------| 15 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | |
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

495

Table 11a.--Recreation--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 Map symbol |Pct.| Camp areas | Picnic areas | Playgrounds

 and soil name | of |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 |map | Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 |unit| limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

CbC: | | | | | | |

 Calvin--------------| 45 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Large stones |0.53 | Large stones |0.53 | Slope |1.00

 | | content | | content | | Gravel content |0.65

 | | Slope |0.16 | Slope |0.16 | Large stones |0.53

 | | | | | | content |

 | | | | | | Depth to bedrock |0.46

 | | | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 25 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Large stones |0.53 | Large stones |0.53 | Slope |1.00

 | | content | | content | | Large stones |0.79

 | | Slope |0.16 | Slope |0.16 | content |

 | | | | | | Gravel content |0.73

 | | | | | | Depth to bedrock |0.46

 | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 20 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Large stones |0.53 | Large stones |0.53 | Slope |1.00

 | | content | | content | | Large stones |0.53

 | | Slope |0.16 | Slope |0.16 | content |

 | | | | | | Depth to bedrock |0.46

 | | | | | | Gravel content |0.23

 | | | | | | |

CbE: | | | | | | |

 Calvin--------------| 35 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Large stones |0.53 | Large stones |0.53 | Gravel content |0.65

 | | content | | content | | Large stones |0.53

 | | | | | | content |

 | | | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 30 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Large stones |0.53 | Large stones |0.53 | Large stones |0.79

 | | content | | content | | content |

 | | | | | | Gravel content |0.73

 | | | | | | Depth to bedrock |0.16

 | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 20 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Large stones |0.53 | Large stones |0.53 | Large stones |0.53

 | | content | | content | | content |

 | | | | | | Depth to bedrock |0.50

 | | | | | | Gravel content |0.23

 | | | | | | |

CbF: | | | | | | |

 Calvin--------------| 35 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Large stones |0.53 | Large stones |0.53 | Gravel content |0.65

 | | content | | content | | Large stones |0.53

 | | | | | | content |

 | | | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 25 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Large stones |0.53 | Large stones |0.53 | Large stones |0.79

 | | content | | content | | content |

 | | | | | | Gravel content |0.73

 | | | | | | Depth to bedrock |0.16

 | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 20 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Large stones |0.53 | Large stones |0.53 | Large stones |0.53

 | | content | | content | | content |

 | | | | | | Depth to bedrock |0.50

 | | | | | | Gravel content |0.23
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

496

Table 11a.--Recreation--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 Map symbol |Pct.| Camp areas | Picnic areas | Playgrounds

 and soil name | of |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 |map | Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 |unit| limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

CeF: | | | | | | |

 Caneyville----------| 40 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Restricted |0.21 | Restricted |0.21 | Depth to bedrock |0.92

 | | permeability | | permeability | | Restricted |0.21

 | | | | | | permeability |

 | | | | | | Gravel content |0.11

 | | | | | | |

 Frederick-----------| 30 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | | | | | |

 Rock outcrop--------| 20 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | |

CfB: | | | | | | |

 Cateache------------| 85 |Not limited | |Not limited | |Very limited |

 | | | | | | Slope |1.00

 | | | | | | Depth to bedrock |0.46

 | | | | | | Gravel content |0.41

 | | | | | | |

CfC: | | | | | | |

 Cateache------------| 85 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |0.62 | Slope |0.62 | Slope |1.00

 | | | | | | Depth to bedrock |0.46

 | | | | | | Gravel content |0.41

 | | | | | | |

CfD: | | | | | | |

 Cateache------------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | | | | | Gravel content |0.41

 | | | | | | Depth to bedrock |0.05

 | | | | | | |

CfE: | | | | | | |

 Cateache------------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Large stones |0.53 | Large stones |0.53 | Large stones |0.53

 | | content | | content | | content |

 | | | | | | Gravel content |0.41

 | | | | | | Depth to bedrock |0.05

 | | | | | | |

CfF: | | | | | | |

 Cateache------------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Large stones |0.53 | Large stones |0.53 | Large stones |0.53

 | | content | | content | | content |

 | | | | | | Depth to bedrock |0.46

 | | | | | | Gravel content |0.41

 | | | | | | |

CgC: | | | | | | |

 Cateache------------| 85 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Large stones |0.53 | Large stones |0.53 | Slope |1.00

 | | content | | content | | Large stones |0.53

 | | Slope |0.16 | Slope |0.16 | content |

 | | | | | | Depth to bedrock |0.46

 | | | | | | Gravel content |0.41

 | | | | | | |

CgE: | | | | | | |

 Cateache------------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Large stones |0.53 | Large stones |0.53 | Large stones |0.53

 | | content | | content | | content |

 | | | | | | Depth to bedrock |0.46

 | | | | | | Gravel content |0.41

 | | | | | | |
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

497

Table 11a.--Recreation--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 Map symbol |Pct.| Camp areas | Picnic areas | Playgrounds

 and soil name | of |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 |map | Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 |unit| limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

CgF: | | | | | | |

 Cateache------------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Large stones |0.53 | Large stones |0.53 | Large stones |0.53

 | | content | | content | | content |

 | | | | | | Gravel content |0.41

 | | | | | | Depth to bedrock |0.05

 | | | | | | |

Ch: | | | | | | |

 Chavies-------------| 85 |Very limited | |Not limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | | | Gravel content |0.06

 | | | | | | |

CpB: | | | | | | |

 Cookport------------| 80 |Very limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Restricted |0.96 | Depth to |1.00

 | | saturated zone | | permeability | | saturated zone |

 | | Restricted |0.96 | Depth to |0.84 | Slope |0.97

 | | permeability | | saturated zone | | Restricted |0.96

 | | | | | | permeability |

 | | | | | | Gravel content |0.62

 | | | | | | |

CuB: | | | | | | |

 Culleoka------------| 90 |Not limited | |Not limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | | | | | Slope |0.97

 | | | | | | Depth to bedrock |0.46

 | | | | | | |

CuC: | | | | | | |

 Culleoka------------| 85 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |0.62 | Slope |0.62 | Slope |1.00

 | | | | | | Depth to bedrock |0.08

 | | | | | | |

CuD: | | | | | | |

 Culleoka------------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | | | | | Depth to bedrock |0.08

 | | | | | | |

CyE: | | | | | | |

 Culleoka------------| 80 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | | | | | Depth to bedrock |0.08

 | | | | | | |

CyF: | | | | | | |

 Culleoka------------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | | | | | Depth to bedrock |0.08

 | | | | | | |

DeC: | | | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Large stones |1.00 | Large stones |1.00 | Large stones |1.00

 | | content | | content | | content |

 | | Slope |0.16 | Slope |0.16 | Slope |1.00

 | | | | | | Gravel content |0.73

 | | | | | | Depth to bedrock |0.46

 | | | | | | |

DeE: | | | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Large stones |1.00 | Large stones |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | content | | content | | Large stones |1.00

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | content |

 | | | | | | Gravel content |0.73

 | | | | | | Depth to bedrock |0.46

 | | | | | | |
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

498

Table 11a.--Recreation--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 Map symbol |Pct.| Camp areas | Picnic areas | Playgrounds

 and soil name | of |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 |map | Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 |unit| limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

DeF: | | | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Large stones |1.00 | Large stones |1.00 | Large stones |1.00

 | | content | | content | | content |

 | | | | | | Gravel content |0.73

 | | | | | | Depth to bedrock |0.16

 | | | | | | |

DhC: | | | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 55 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Large stones |0.53 | Large stones |0.53 | Slope |1.00

 | | content | | content | | Large stones |0.79

 | | Slope |0.16 | Slope |0.16 | content |

 | | | | | | Gravel content |0.73

 | | | | | | Depth to bedrock |0.46

 | | | | | | |

 Hazleton------------| 35 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Large stones |0.53 | Large stones |0.53 | Slope |1.00

 | | content | | content | | Gravel content |0.62

 | | Slope |0.16 | Slope |0.16 | Large stones |0.53

 | | | | | | content |

 | | | | | | |

DhE: | | | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 55 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Large stones |0.53 | Large stones |0.53 | Large stones |0.79

 | | content | | content | | content |

 | | | | | | Gravel content |0.73

 | | | | | | Depth to bedrock |0.46

 | | | | | | |

 Hazleton------------| 35 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Large stones |0.53 | Large stones |0.53 | Gravel content |0.62

 | | content | | content | | Large stones |0.53

 | | | | | | content |

 | | | | | | |

DhF: | | | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 55 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Large stones |0.53 | Large stones |0.53 | Large stones |0.79

 | | content | | content | | content |

 | | | | | | Gravel content |0.73

 | | | | | | Depth to bedrock |0.46

 | | | | | | |

 Hazleton------------| 35 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Large stones |0.53 | Large stones |0.53 | Gravel content |0.62

 | | content | | content | | Large stones |0.53

 | | | | | | content |

 | | | | | | |

DkF: | | | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 45 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Large stones |1.00 | Large stones |1.00 | Large stones |1.00

 | | content | | content | | content |

 | | | | | | Gravel content |0.73

 | | | | | | Depth to bedrock |0.16

 | | | | | | |

 Rock outcrop--------| 40 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | |
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

499

Table 11a.--Recreation--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 Map symbol |Pct.| Camp areas | Picnic areas | Playgrounds

 and soil name | of |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 |map | Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 |unit| limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

Du: | | | | | | |

 Dunning-------------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Ponding |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | | saturated zone | | Depth to |1.00 | saturated zone |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | saturated zone | | Ponding |1.00

 | | Ponding |1.00 | Restricted |0.96 | Restricted |0.96

 | | Restricted |0.96 | permeability | | permeability |

 | | permeability | | | | Flooding |0.60

 | | | | | | |

ElF: | | | | | | |

 Elliber-------------| 80 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Gravel content |1.00

 | | Gravel content |1.00 | Gravel content |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Large stones |0.53 | Large stones |0.53 | Large stones |0.53

 | | content | | content | | content |

 | | | | | | |

ErB: | | | | | | |

 Ernest--------------| 80 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to |0.65 | Restricted |0.50 | Slope |1.00

 | | saturated zone | | permeability | | Depth to |0.65

 | | Restricted |0.50 | Depth to |0.31 | saturated zone |

 | | permeability | | saturated zone | | Restricted |0.50

 | | | | | | permeability |

 | | | | | | Gravel content |0.16

 | | | | | | Large stones |0.01

 | | | | | | content |

 | | | | | | |

EsC: | | | | | | |

 Ernest--------------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Large stones |1.00 | Large stones |1.00 | Large stones |1.00

 | | content | | content | | content |

 | | Depth to |0.65 | Restricted |0.50 | Slope |1.00

 | | saturated zone | | permeability | | Depth to |0.65

 | | Restricted |0.50 | Depth to |0.31 | saturated zone |

 | | permeability | | saturated zone | | Restricted |0.50

 | | Slope |0.16 | Slope |0.16 | permeability |

 | | | | | | Gravel content |0.16

 | | | | | | |

FaE: | | | | | | |

 Faywood-------------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Restricted |1.00 | Restricted |1.00 | Restricted |1.00

 | | permeability | | permeability | | permeability |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | | | | | Depth to bedrock |0.46

 | | | | | | |

FaF: | | | | | | |

 Faywood-------------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Restricted |1.00

 | | Restricted |1.00 | Restricted |1.00 | permeability |

 | | permeability | | permeability | | Slope |1.00

 | | | | | | Depth to bedrock |0.46

 | | | | | | |

FkB: | | | | | | |

 Frankstown----------| 75 |Not limited | |Not limited | |Very limited |

 | | | | | | Slope |1.00

 | | | | | | |

FkC: | | | | | | |

 Frankstown----------| 75 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |0.62 | Slope |0.62 | Slope |1.00

 | | | | | | |
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

500

Table 11a.--Recreation--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 Map symbol |Pct.| Camp areas | Picnic areas | Playgrounds

 and soil name | of |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 |map | Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 |unit| limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

FkD: | | | | | | |

 Frankstown----------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | | | | | |

FoC: | | | | | | |

 Frankstown----------| 75 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |0.16 | Slope |0.16 | Slope |1.00

 | | | | | | |

FoE: | | | | | | |

 Frankstown----------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | | | | | |

FrB: | | | | | | |

 Frederick-----------| 80 |Not limited | |Not limited | |Very limited |

 | | | | | | Slope |1.00

 | | | | | | |

FrC: | | | | | | |

 Frederick-----------| 80 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |0.62 | Slope |0.62 | Slope |1.00

 | | | | | | |

FrD: | | | | | | |

 Frederick-----------| 80 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | | | | | |

FyC: | | | | | | |

 Frederick-----------| 45 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |0.16 | Slope |0.16 | Slope |1.00

 | | | | | | |

 Caneyville----------| 35 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Restricted |0.21 | Restricted |0.21 | Slope |1.00

 | | permeability | | permeability | | Depth to bedrock |0.92

 | | Slope |0.16 | Slope |0.16 | Restricted |0.21

 | | | | | | permeability |

 | | | | | | Gravel content |0.11

 | | | | | | |

FyE: | | | | | | |

 Frederick-----------| 40 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | | | | | |

 Caneyville----------| 40 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Restricted |0.21 | Restricted |0.21 | Depth to bedrock |0.92

 | | permeability | | permeability | | Restricted |0.21

 | | | | | | permeability |

 | | | | | | Gravel content |0.11

 | | | | | | |

GaC: | | | | | | |

 Gauley--------------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Large stones |1.00 | Large stones |1.00 | Large stones |1.00

 | | content | | content | | content |

 | | Slope |0.16 | Slope |0.16 | Slope |1.00

 | | | | | | Gravel content |0.96

 | | | | | | Depth to bedrock |0.46

 | | | | | | |

GaE: | | | | | | |

 Gauley--------------| 80 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Large stones |1.00 | Large stones |1.00 | Large stones |1.00

 | | content | | content | | content |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | | | | | Gravel content |0.96

 | | | | | | Depth to bedrock |0.46

 | | | | | | |
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

501

Table 11a.--Recreation--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 Map symbol |Pct.| Camp areas | Picnic areas | Playgrounds

 and soil name | of |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 |map | Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 |unit| limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

GnC: | | | | | | |

 Gilpin--------------| 75 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |0.62 | Slope |0.62 | Slope |1.00

 | | | | | | Gravel content |0.97

 | | | | | | Depth to bedrock |0.46

 | | | | | | |

GnD: | | | | | | |

 Gilpin--------------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Large stones |0.96 | Large stones |0.96 | Gravel content |0.97

 | | content | | content | | Depth to bedrock |0.46

 | | | | | | |

GpC: | | | | | | |

 Gilpin--------------| 75 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Large stones |0.96 | Large stones |0.96 | Slope |1.00

 | | content | | content | | Gravel content |0.97

 | | Slope |0.16 | Slope |0.16 | Large stones |0.53

 | | | | | | content |

 | | | | | | Depth to bedrock |0.46

 | | | | | | |

GpE: | | | | | | |

 Gilpin--------------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Large stones |0.96 | Large stones |0.96 | Gravel content |0.97

 | | content | | content | | Large stones |0.53

 | | | | | | content |

 | | | | | | Depth to bedrock |0.46

 | | | | | | |

Ho: | | | | | | |

 Holly---------------| 90 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |0.40 | Flooding |1.00

 | | | | | | |

KxF: | | | | | | |

 Kaymine-------------| 70 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Gravel content |1.00

 | | Gravel content |1.00 | Gravel content |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | | | | | Large stones |0.38

 | | | | | | content |

 | | | | | | |

 Rock outcrop--------| 15 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | |

LcC: | | | | | | |

 Leatherbark---------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | Restricted |0.50 | Restricted |0.50 | Slope |1.00

 | | permeability | | permeability | | Restricted |0.50

 | | Slope |0.01 | Slope |0.01 | permeability |

 | | Large stones |0.01 | Large stones |0.01 | Depth to bedrock |0.01

 | | content | | content | | |

 | | | | | | |

LgB: | | | | | | |

 Lily----------------| 85 |Not limited | |Not limited | |Very limited |

 | | | | | | Slope |1.00

 | | | | | | Depth to bedrock |0.46

 | | | | | | |

LgC: | | | | | | |

 Lily----------------| 85 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |0.62 | Slope |0.62 | Slope |1.00

 | | | | | | Depth to bedrock |0.23

 | | | | | | |
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

502

Table 11a.--Recreation--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 Map symbol |Pct.| Camp areas | Picnic areas | Playgrounds

 and soil name | of |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 |map | Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 |unit| limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

LhE: | | | | | | |

 Lily----------------| 80 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | | | | | Depth to bedrock |0.23

 | | | | | | |

Lo: | | | | | | |

 Lobdell-------------| 75 |Very limited | |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Depth to |0.62 | Depth to |0.95

 | | Depth to |0.95 | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | saturated zone | | | | Flooding |0.60

 | | | | | | |

MaB: | | | | | | |

 Macove--------------| 85 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Gravel content |0.38 | Gravel content |0.38 | Gravel content |1.00

 | | | | | | Slope |1.00

 | | | | | | Large stones |0.03

 | | | | | | content |

 | | | | | | |

MaC: | | | | | | |

 Macove--------------| 85 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |0.62 | Slope |0.62 | Slope |1.00

 | | Gravel content |0.38 | Gravel content |0.38 | Gravel content |1.00

 | | | | | | Large stones |0.03

 | | | | | | content |

 | | | | | | |

MaD: | | | | | | |

 Macove--------------| 80 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Gravel content |0.38 | Gravel content |0.38 | Gravel content |1.00

 | | | | | | Large stones |0.03

 | | | | | | content |

 | | | | | | |

McC: | | | | | | |

 Macove--------------| 80 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Large stones |0.53 | Large stones |0.53 | Gravel content |1.00

 | | content | | content | | Slope |1.00

 | | Gravel content |0.38 | Gravel content |0.38 | Large stones |0.53

 | | Slope |0.16 | Slope |0.16 | content |

 | | | | | | |

McE: | | | | | | |

 Macove--------------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Large stones |0.53 | Large stones |0.53 | Gravel content |1.00

 | | content | | content | | Large stones |0.53

 | | Gravel content |0.38 | Gravel content |0.38 | content |

 | | | | | | |

MeF: | | | | | | |

 Macove--------------| 55 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Gravel content |0.38 | Gravel content |0.38 | Gravel content |1.00

 | | | | | | Large stones |0.03

 | | | | | | content |

 | | | | | | |

 Gilpin--------------| 30 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Large stones |0.96 | Large stones |0.96 | Gravel content |0.97

 | | content | | content | | Depth to bedrock |0.46

 | | | | | | |

MkC: | | | | | | |

 Mandy---------------| 85 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Large stones |0.53 | Large stones |0.53 | Slope |1.00

 | | content | | content | | Gravel content |0.94

 | | Slope |0.16 | Slope |0.16 | Depth to bedrock |0.46
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

503

Table 11a.--Recreation--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 Map symbol |Pct.| Camp areas | Picnic areas | Playgrounds

 and soil name | of |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 |map | Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 |unit| limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

MkE: | | | | | | |

 Mandy---------------| 80 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Large stones |0.53 | Large stones |0.53 | Gravel content |0.94

 | | content | | content | | Depth to bedrock |0.46

 | | | | | | |

MkF: | | | | | | |

 Mandy---------------| 80 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Large stones |0.53 | Large stones |0.53 | Gravel content |0.94

 | | content | | content | | Depth to bedrock |0.46

 | | | | | | |

MkG: | | | | | | |

 Mandy---------------| 80 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Large stones |0.53 | Large stones |0.53 | Gravel content |0.94

 | | content | | content | | Depth to bedrock |0.46

 | | | | | | |

Ml: | | | | | | |

 Melvin--------------| 50 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |0.40 | Flooding |1.00

 | | | | | | |

 Lindside------------| 35 |Very limited | |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Depth to |0.05 | Flooding |0.60

 | | Depth to |0.10 | saturated zone | | Depth to |0.10

 | | saturated zone | | | | saturated zone |

 | | | | | | |

MzC: | | | | | | |

 Mertz---------------| 75 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |0.62 | Slope |0.62 | Slope |1.00

 | | Large stones |0.53 | Large stones |0.53 | Gravel content |1.00

 | | content | | content | | Large stones |0.53

 | | Gravel content |0.28 | Gravel content |0.28 | content |

 | | Restricted |0.26 | Restricted |0.26 | Restricted |0.26

 | | permeability | | permeability | | permeability |

 | | | | | | |

MzE: | | | | | | |

 Mertz---------------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Large stones |0.53 | Large stones |0.53 | Gravel content |1.00

 | | content | | content | | Large stones |0.53

 | | Gravel content |0.28 | Gravel content |0.28 | content |

 | | Restricted |0.26 | Restricted |0.26 | Restricted |0.26

 | | permeability | | permeability | | permeability |

 | | | | | | |

No: | | | | | | |

 Nolin---------------| 80 |Very limited | |Not limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | | | Flooding |0.60

 | | | | | | |

Ph: | | | | | | |

 Philo---------------| 75 |Very limited | |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Depth to |0.05 | Flooding |0.60

 | | Depth to |0.10 | saturated zone | | Depth to |0.10

 | | saturated zone | | | | saturated zone |

 | | | | | | Large stones |0.01

 | | | | | | content |

Po: | | | | | | |

 Pope----------------| 75 |Very limited | |Not limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | | | Flooding |0.60

 | | | | | | Gravel content |0.06

 | | | | | | |
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

504

Table 11a.--Recreation--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 Map symbol |Pct.| Camp areas | Picnic areas | Playgrounds

 and soil name | of |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 |map | Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 |unit| limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

Pt: | | | | | | |

 Potomac-------------| 80 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Gravel content |1.00 | Flooding |1.00

 | | Gravel content |1.00 | Flooding |0.40 | Gravel content |1.00

 | | | | | | |

PuA: | | | | | | |

 Purdy---------------| 80 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | Restricted |0.96 | Restricted |0.96 | Restricted |0.96

 | | permeability | | permeability | | permeability |

 | | | | | | |

Qu: | | | | | | |

 Quarry--------------| 80 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | |

Se: | | | | | | |

 Sensabaugh----------| 80 |Very limited | |Not limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | | | Flooding |0.60

 | | | | | | Gravel content |0.32

 | | | | | | |

SfB: | | | | | | |

 Shouns--------------| 85 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Gravel content |0.54 | Gravel content |0.54 | Slope |1.00

 | | | | | | Gravel content |1.00

 | | | | | | |

SfC: | | | | | | |

 Shouns--------------| 85 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |0.62 | Slope |0.62 | Slope |1.00

 | | Gravel content |0.54 | Gravel content |0.54 | Gravel content |1.00

 | | | | | | |

ShC: | | | | | | |

 Shouns--------------| 80 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Large stones |1.00 | Large stones |1.00 | Large stones |1.00

 | | content | | content | | content |

 | | Gravel content |0.54 | Gravel content |0.54 | Slope |1.00

 | | Slope |0.16 | Slope |0.16 | Gravel content |1.00

 | | | | | | |

ShE: | | | | | | |

 Shouns--------------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Large stones |1.00 | Large stones |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | content | | content | | Large stones |1.00

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | content |

 | | Gravel content |0.54 | Gravel content |0.54 | Gravel content |1.00

 | | | | | | |

ShF: | | | | | | |

 Shouns--------------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Large stones |1.00 | Large stones |1.00 | Large stones |1.00

 | | content | | content | | content |

 | | Gravel content |0.54 | Gravel content |0.54 | Gravel content |1.00

 | | | | | | |

SmC: | | | | | | |

 Simoda--------------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Large stones |1.00 | Large stones |1.00 | Large stones |1.00

 | | content | | content | | content |

 | | Restricted |0.96 | Restricted |0.96 | Slope |1.00

 | | permeability | | permeability | | Restricted |0.96

 | | Depth to |0.47 | Depth to |0.21 | permeability |

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | Depth to |0.47

 | | Slope |0.16 | Slope |0.16 | saturated zone |

 | | | | | | |
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

505

Table 11a.--Recreation--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 Map symbol |Pct.| Camp areas | Picnic areas | Playgrounds

 and soil name | of |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 |map | Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 |unit| limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

SoC: | | | | | | |

 Snowdog-------------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Large stones |1.00 | Large stones |1.00 | Large stones |1.00

 | | content | | content | | content |

 | | Restricted |0.50 | Restricted |0.50 | Slope |1.00

 | | permeability | | permeability | | content |

 | | Depth to |0.47 | Depth to |0.21 | Gravel content |0.76

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | Restricted |0.50

 | | Slope |0.16 | Slope |0.16 | permeability |

 | | | | | | |

SoE: | | | | | | |

 Snowdog-------------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Large stones |1.00 | Large stones |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | content | | content | | Large stones |1.00

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | content |

 | | Restricted |0.50 | Restricted |0.50 | Gravel content |0.76

 | | permeability | | permeability | | Restricted |0.50

 | | Depth to |0.47 | Depth to |0.21 | permeability |

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | |

 | | | | | | |

SoF: | | | | | | |

 Snowdog-------------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Large stones |1.00 | Large stones |1.00 | Large stones |1.00

 | | content | | content | | content |

 | | Restricted |0.50 | Restricted |0.50 | Gravel content |0.76

 | | permeability | | permeability | | Restricted |0.50

 | | Depth to |0.47 | Depth to |0.21 | permeability |

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | |

 | | | | | | |

SvC: | | | | | | |

 Summers-------------| 75 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Gravel content |0.59 | Gravel content |0.59 | Gravel content |1.00

 | | Slope |0.01 | Slope |0.01 | Slope |1.00

 | | Large stones |0.01 | Large stones |0.01 | Depth to bedrock |0.84

 | | content | | content | | |

 | | | | | | |

Tp: | | | | | | |

 Tioga---------------| 55 |Very limited | |Not limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | | | Flooding |0.60

 | | | | | | |

 Potomac-------------| 35 |Very limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |0.40 | Flooding |1.00

 | | | | | | |

TrC: | | | | | | |

 Trussel-------------| 80 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | Large stones |0.53 | Large stones |0.53 | Slope |1.00

 | | content | | content | | Large stones |0.53

 | | Restricted |0.50 | Restricted |0.50 | content |

 | | permeability | | permeability | | Restricted |0.50

 | | Slope |0.16 | Slope |0.16 | permeability |

 | | | | | | |

Uf: | | | | | | |

 Udifluvents---------| 45 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | |

 Fluvaquents---------| 35 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | |

Ux: | | | | | | |

 Udorthents----------| 60 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | |

 Rock outcrop--------| 35 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

506

Table 11a.--Recreation--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 Map symbol |Pct.| Camp areas | Picnic areas | Playgrounds

 and soil name | of |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 |map | Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 |unit| limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

WeC: | | | | | | |

 Weikert-------------| 80 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Slope |0.62 | Slope |0.62 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Gravel content |0.12 | Gravel content |0.12 | Gravel content |1.00

 | | Large stones |0.01 | Large stones |0.01 | Large stones |0.68

 | | content | | content | | content |

 | | | | | | |

WeD: | | | | | | |

 Weikert-------------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Gravel content |0.12 | Gravel content |0.12 | Gravel content |1.00

 | | Large stones |0.01 | Large stones |0.01 | Large stones |0.68

 | | content | | content | | content |

 | | | | | | |

WeF: | | | | | | |

 Weikert-------------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Gravel content |0.12 | Gravel content |0.12 | Gravel content |1.00

 | | Large stones |0.01 | Large stones |0.01 | Large stones |0.68

 | | content | | content | | content |

 | | | | | | |

WrG: | | | | | | |

 Rough---------------| 15 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Gravel content |0.70 | Gravel content |0.70 | Gravel content |1.00

 | | | | | | Large stones |0.32

 | | | | | | content |

 | | | | | | |

 Weikert-------------| 40 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Gravel content |0.12 | Gravel content |0.12 | Gravel content |1.00

 | | Large stones |0.01 | Large stones |0.01 | Large stones |0.68

 | | content | | content | | content |

 | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 35 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Large stones |0.53 | Large stones |0.53 | Large stones |0.53

 | | content | | content | | content |

 | | | | | | Depth to bedrock |0.50

 | | | | | | Gravel content |0.23

 | | | | | | |

ZoA: | | | | | | |

 Zoar----------------| 80 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Restricted |0.50 | Restricted |0.50 | Restricted |0.50

 | | permeability | | permeability | | permeability |

 | | Depth to |0.47 | Depth to |0.21 | Depth to |0.47

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

507

Table 11b.--Recreation

(The information in this table indicates the dominant soil condition but does not eliminate the need for

 onsite investigation. The numbers in the value columns range from 0.01 to 1.00. The larger the

 value, the greater the limitation. See text for further explanation of ratings in this table.)

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 |Pct.| Paths and trails | Off-road | Golf fairways

 Map symbol | of | | motorcycle trails |

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

AlB: | | | | | | |

 Allegheny-----------| 90 |Not limited | |Not limited | |Not limited |

 | | | | | | |

AlC: | | | | | | |

 Allegheny-----------| 90 |Not limited | |Not limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | | | | | Slope |0.63

 | | | | | | |

An: | | | | | | |

 Atkins--------------| 35 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Flooding |1.00

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | Depth to |1.00

 | | Flooding |0.40 | Flooding |0.40 | saturated zone |

 | | | | | | |

 Philo---------------| 30 |Not limited | |Not limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | | | | | Flooding |0.60

 | | | | | | Depth to |0.03

 | | | | | | saturated zone |

 | | | | | | Large stones |0.01

 | | | | | | content |

 | | | | | | |

 Potomac-------------| 20 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Flooding |0.40 | Flooding |0.40 | Flooding |1.00

 | | | | | | Droughty |0.93

 | | | | | | |

BaE: | | | | | | |

 Belmont-------------| 75 |Very limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |0.99 | Slope |0.10 | Slope |1.00

 | | | | | | |

BcC: | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 80 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Large stones |0.53 | Large stones |0.53 | Droughty |0.80

 | | content | | content | | Depth to bedrock |0.50

 | | | | | | Large stones |0.38

 | | | | | | content |

 | | | | | | Slope |0.04

 | | | | | | |

BcE: | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 75 |Very limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |0.99 | Large stones |0.53 | Slope |1.00

 | | Large stones |0.53 | content | | Droughty |0.80

 | | content | | Slope |0.10 | Depth to bedrock |0.50

 | | | | | | |

BcF: | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Large stones |0.53 | Large stones |0.53 | Droughty |0.80

 | | content | | content | | Depth to bedrock |0.50

 | | | | | | Large stones |0.38

 | | | | | | content |

 | | | | | | |

BkG: | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 35 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Large stones |0.53 | Large stones |0.53 | Droughty |0.80

 | | content | | content | | Depth to bedrock |0.46

 | | | | | | Large stones |0.38

 | | | | | | content |

 | | | | | | |
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

508

Table 11b.--Recreation--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 |Pct.| Paths and trails | Off-road | Golf fairways

 Map symbol | of | | motorcycle trails |

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

BkG: | | | | | | |

 Weikert-------------| 25 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Large stones |0.53 | Large stones |0.53 | Slope |1.00

 | | content | | content | | Droughty |1.00

 | | | | | | Large stones |0.68

 | | | | | | content |

 | | | | | | Gravel content |0.12

 | | | | | | |

 Calvin--------------| 20 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Large stones |0.53 | Large stones |0.53 | Depth to bedrock |0.46

 | | content | | content | | Droughty |0.15

 | | | | | | Large stones |0.11

 | | | | | | content |

 | | | | | | |

BlC: | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 60 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Large stones |0.53 | Large stones |0.53 | Droughty |0.80

 | | content | | content | | Depth to bedrock |0.50

 | | | | | | Large stones |0.38

 | | | | | | content |

 | | | | | | Slope |0.04

 | | | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 30 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Large stones |0.53 | Large stones |0.53 | Large stones |0.79

 | | content | | content | | content |

 | | | | | | Droughty |0.59

 | | | | | | Depth to bedrock |0.16

 | | | | | | Slope |0.04

 | | | | | | |

BlE: | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 55 |Very limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |0.99 | Large stones |0.53 | Slope |1.00

 | | Large stones |0.53 | content | | Droughty |0.80

 | | content | | Slope |0.10 | Depth to bedrock |0.50

 | | | | | | Large stones |0.38

 | | | | | | content |

 | | | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 35 |Very limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |0.99 | Large stones |0.53 | Slope |1.00

 | | Large stones |0.53 | content | | Large stones |0.79

 | | content | | Slope |0.10 | content |

 | | | | | | Droughty |0.59

 | | | | | | Depth to bedrock |0.16

 | | | | | | |

BlF: | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 45 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Large stones |0.53 | Large stones |0.53 | Droughty |0.80

 | | content | | content | | Depth to bedrock |0.50

 | | | | | | Large stones |0.38

 | | | | | | content |

 | | | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 40 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Large stones |0.53 | Large stones |0.53 | Large stones |0.79

 | | content | | content | | content |

 | | | | | | Droughty |0.59

 | | | | | | Depth to bedrock |0.16

 | | | | | | |
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

509

Table 11b.--Recreation--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 |Pct.| Paths and trails | Off-road | Golf fairways

 Map symbol | of | | motorcycle trails |

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

BrE: | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 50 |Very limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |0.99 | Slope |0.10 | Slope |1.00

 | | Large stones |0.01 | Large stones |0.01 | Droughty |0.80

 | | content | | content | | Depth to bedrock |0.46

 | | | | | | Large stones |0.38

 | | | | | | content |

 | | | | | | |

 Weikert-------------| 35 |Very limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |0.99 | Slope |0.10 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Large stones |0.01 | Large stones |0.01 | Slope |1.00

 | | content | | content | | Droughty |1.00

 | | | | | | Large stones |0.68

 | | | | | | content |

 | | | | | | Gravel content |0.12

 | | | | | | |

BrF: | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 50 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Large stones |0.01 | Large stones |0.01 | Droughty |0.80

 | | content | | content | | Depth to bedrock |0.46

 | | | | | | Large stones |0.38

 | | | | | | content |

 | | | | | | |

 Weikert-------------| 35 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Large stones |0.01 | Large stones |0.01 | Slope |1.00

 | | content | | content | | Droughty |1.00

 | | | | | | Large stones |0.68

 | | | | | | content |

 | | | | | | Gravel content |0.12

 | | | | | | |

BtC: | | | | | | |

 Blackthorn----------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Large stones |1.00 | Large stones |1.00 | Large stones |1.00

 | | content | | content | | content |

 | | | | | | Gravel content |0.23

 | | | | | | Slope |0.04

 | | | | | | Droughty |0.01

 | | | | | | |

BtE: | | | | | | |

 Blackthorn----------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Large stones |1.00 | Large stones |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | content | | content | | Large stones |1.00

 | | Slope |0.99 | Slope |0.10 | content |

 | | | | | | Gravel content |0.23

 | | | | | | Droughty |0.01

 | | | | | | |

BxF: | | | | | | |

 Briery--------------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |0.99 | Slope |1.00

 | | Large stones |0.53 | Large stones |0.53 | Gravel content |0.66

 | | content | | content | | Large stones |0.61

 | | | | | | content |

 | | | | | | |

 Rock outcrop--------| 15 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | |
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

510

Table 11b.--Recreation--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 |Pct.| Paths and trails | Off-road | Golf fairways

 Map symbol | of | | motorcycle trails |

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

CbC: | | | | | | |

 Calvin--------------| 45 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Large stones |0.53 | Large stones |0.53 | Depth to bedrock |0.46

 | | content | | content | | Droughty |0.15

 | | | | | | Large stones |0.11

 | | | | | | content |

 | | | | | | Slope |0.04

 | | | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 25 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Large stones |0.53 | Large stones |0.53 | Droughty |0.82

 | | content | | content | | Large stones |0.79

 | | | | | | content |

 | | | | | | Depth to bedrock |0.46

 | | | | | | Slope |0.04

 | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 20 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Large stones |0.53 | Large stones |0.53 | Droughty |0.80

 | | content | | content | | Depth to bedrock |0.46

 | | | | | | Large stones |0.38

 | | | | | | content |

 | | | | | | Slope |0.04

 | | | | | | |

CbE: | | | | | | |

 Calvin--------------| 35 |Very limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |0.99 | Large stones |0.53 | Slope |1.00

 | | Large stones |0.53 | content | | Large stones |0.11

 | | content | | Slope |0.10 | content |

 | | | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 30 |Very limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |0.99 | Large stones |0.53 | Slope |1.00

 | | Large stones |0.53 | content | | Large stones |0.79

 | | content | | Slope |0.10 | content |

 | | | | | | Droughty |0.59

 | | | | | | Depth to bedrock |0.16

 | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 20 |Very limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |0.99 | Large stones |0.53 | Slope |1.00

 | | Large stones |0.53 | content | | Droughty |0.80

 | | content | | Slope |0.10 | Depth to bedrock |0.50

 | | | | | | Large stones |0.38

 | | | | | | content |

 | | | | | | |

CbF: | | | | | | |

 Calvin--------------| 35 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Large stones |0.53 | Large stones |0.53 | Large stones |0.11

 | | content | | content | | content |

 | | | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 25 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Large stones |0.53 | Large stones |0.53 | Large stones |0.79

 | | content | | content | | content |

 | | | | | | Droughty |0.59

 | | | | | | Depth to bedrock |0.16

 | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 20 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Large stones |0.53 | Large stones |0.53 | Droughty |0.80

 | | content | | content | | Depth to bedrock |0.50

 | | | | | | Large stones |0.38

 | | | | | | content |

 | | | | | | |
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

511

Table 11b.--Recreation--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 |Pct.| Paths and trails | Off-road | Golf fairways

 Map symbol | of | | motorcycle trails |

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

CeF: | | | | | | |

 Caneyville----------| 40 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Water erosion |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Water erosion |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |0.92

 | | | | | | Droughty |0.04

 | | | | | | |

 Frederick-----------| 30 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | | | | | |

 Rock outcrop--------| 20 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | |

CfB: | | | | | | |

 Cateache------------| 85 |Not limited | |Not limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | | | | | Depth to bedrock |0.46

 | | | | | | |

CfC: | | | | | | |

 Cateache------------| 85 |Not limited | |Not limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | | | | | Slope |0.63

 | | | | | | Depth to bedrock |0.46

 | | | | | | |

CfD: | | | | | | |

 Cateache------------| 85 |Somewhat limited | |Not limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |0.70 | | | Slope |1.00

 | | | | | | Depth to bedrock |0.05

 | | | | | | |

CfE: | | | | | | |

 Cateache------------| 85 |Very limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Large stones |0.53 | Slope |1.00

 | | Large stones |0.53 | content | | Depth to bedrock |0.05

 | | content | | Slope |0.50 | |

 | | | | | | |

CfF: | | | | | | |

 Cateache------------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Large stones |0.53 | Large stones |0.53 | Depth to bedrock |0.46

 | | content | | content | | |

 | | | | | | |

CgC: | | | | | | |

 Cateache------------| 85 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Large stones |0.53 | Large stones |0.53 | Depth to bedrock |0.46

 | | content | | content | | Slope |0.04

 | | | | | | |

CgE: | | | | | | |

 Cateache------------| 85 |Very limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |0.99 | Large stones |0.53 | Slope |1.00

 | | Large stones |0.53 | content | | Depth to bedrock |0.46

 | | content | | Slope |0.10 | |

 | | | | | | |

CgF: | | | | | | |

 Cateache------------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Large stones |0.53 | Large stones |0.53 | Depth to bedrock |0.05

 | | content | | content | | |

 | | | | | | |

Ch: | | | | | | |

 Chavies-------------| 85 |Not limited | |Not limited | |Not limited |

 | | | | | | |

CpB: | | | | | | |

 Cookport------------| 80 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Depth to |0.62 | Depth to |0.62 | Depth to |0.83

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | | | | | |
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

512

Table 11b.--Recreation--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 |Pct.| Paths and trails | Off-road | Golf fairways

 Map symbol | of | | motorcycle trails |

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

CuB: | | | | | | |

 Culleoka------------| 90 |Not limited | |Not limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | | | | | Depth to bedrock |0.46

 | | | | | | |

CuC: | | | | | | |

 Culleoka------------| 85 |Not limited | |Not limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | | | | | Slope |0.63

 | | | | | | Depth to bedrock |0.08

 | | | | | | |

CuD: | | | | | | |

 Culleoka------------| 85 |Somewhat limited | |Not limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |0.70 | | | Slope |1.00

 | | | | | | Depth to bedrock |0.08

 | | | | | | |

CyE: | | | | | | |

 Culleoka------------| 80 |Very limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |0.50 | Slope |1.00

 | | | | | | Depth to bedrock |0.08

 | | | | | | |

CyF: | | | | | | |

 Culleoka------------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | | | | | Depth to bedrock |0.08

 | | | | | | |

DeC: | | | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Large stones |1.00 | Large stones |1.00 | Droughty |0.82

 | | content | | content | | Large stones |0.79

 | | | | | | Depth to bedrock |0.46

 | | | | | | Slope |0.04

 | | | | | | |

DeE: | | | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Large stones |1.00 | Large stones |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | content | | content | | Droughty |0.82

 | | Slope |0.99 | Slope |0.10 | Large stones |0.79

 | | | | | | content |

 | | | | | | Depth to bedrock |0.46

 | | | | | | |

DeF: | | | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Large stones |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Large stones |1.00 | content | | Large stones |0.79

 | | content | | Slope |1.00 | content |

 | | | | | | Droughty |0.59

 | | | | | | Depth to bedrock |0.16

 | | | | | | |

DhC: | | | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 55 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Large stones |0.53 | Large stones |0.53 | Droughty |0.82

 | | content | | content | | Large stones |0.79

 | | | | | | content |

 | | | | | | Depth to bedrock |0.46

 | | | | | | Slope |0.04

 | | | | | | |

 Hazleton------------| 35 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Large stones |0.53 | Large stones |0.53 | Large stones |0.16

 | | content | | content | | content |

 | | | | | | Slope |0.04

 | | | | | | Droughty |0.03

 | | | | | | |
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

513

Table 11b.--Recreation--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 |Pct.| Paths and trails | Off-road | Golf fairways

 Map symbol | of | | motorcycle trails |

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

DhE: | | | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 55 |Very limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |0.99 | Large stones |0.53 | Slope |1.00

 | | Large stones |0.53 | content | | Droughty |0.82

 | | content | | Slope |0.10 | Large stones |0.79

 | | | | | | content |

 | | | | | | Depth to bedrock |0.46

 | | | | | | |

 Hazleton------------| 35 |Very limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |0.99 | Large stones |0.53 | Slope |1.00

 | | Large stones |0.53 | content | | Large stones |0.16

 | | content | | Slope |0.10 | content |

 | | | | | | Droughty |0.03

 | | | | | | |

DhF: | | | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 55 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Large stones |0.53 | Large stones |0.53 | Droughty |0.82

 | | content | | content | | Large stones |0.79

 | | | | | | content |

 | | | | | | Depth to bedrock |0.46

 | | | | | | |

 Hazleton------------| 35 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Large stones |0.53 | Large stones |0.53 | Large stones |0.16

 | | content | | content | | content |

 | | | | | | Droughty |0.03

 | | | | | | |

DkF: | | | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 45 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Large stones |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Large stones |1.00 | content | | Large stones |0.79

 | | content | | Slope |1.00 | content |

 | | | | | | Droughty |0.59

 | | | | | | Depth to bedrock |0.16

 | | | | | | |

 Rock outcrop--------| 40 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | |

Du: | | | | | | |

 Dunning-------------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Ponding |1.00

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | Depth to |1.00

 | | Ponding |1.00 | Ponding |1.00 | saturated zone |

 | | | | | | Flooding |0.60

 | | | | | | |

ElF: | | | | | | |

 Elliber-------------| 80 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Large stones |0.53 | Large stones |0.53 | Gravel content |1.00

 | | content | | content | | Large stones |0.03

 | | | | | | content |

 | | | | | | Droughty |0.02

 | | | | | | |

ErB: | | | | | | |

 Ernest--------------| 80 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Depth to |0.01 | Depth to |0.01 | Depth to |0.28

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | | | | | Large stones |0.01

 | | | | | | content |

 | | | | | | |
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

514

Table 11b.--Recreation--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 |Pct.| Paths and trails | Off-road | Golf fairways

 Map symbol | of | | motorcycle trails |

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

EsC: | | | | | | |

 Ernest--------------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Large stones |1.00 | Large stones |1.00 | Depth to |0.28

 | | content | | content | | saturated zone |

 | | Water erosion |1.00 | Water erosion |1.00 | Slope |0.04

 | | Depth to |0.01 | Depth to |0.01 | Large stones |0.01

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | content |

 | | | | | | |

FaE: | | | | | | |

 Faywood-------------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Water erosion |1.00 | Water erosion |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Slope |0.99 | Slope |0.10 | Depth to bedrock |0.46

 | | | | | | |

FaF: | | | | | | |

 Faywood-------------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Water erosion |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Water erosion |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |0.46

 | | | | | | |

FkB: | | | | | | |

 Frankstown----------| 75 |Not limited | |Not limited | |Not limited |

 | | | | | | |

FkC: | | | | | | |

 Frankstown----------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Water erosion |1.00 | Water erosion |1.00 | Slope |0.63

 | | | | | | |

FkD: | | | | | | |

 Frankstown----------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Water erosion |1.00 | Water erosion |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Slope |0.70 | | | |

 | | | | | | |

FoC: | | | | | | |

 Frankstown----------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Water erosion |1.00 | Water erosion |1.00 | Slope |0.04

 | | | | | | |

FoE: | | | | | | |

 Frankstown----------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Water erosion |1.00 | Water erosion |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Slope |0.99 | Slope |0.10 | |

 | | | | | | |

FrB: | | | | | | |

 Frederick-----------| 80 |Not limited | |Not limited | |Not limited |

 | | | | | | |

FrC: | | | | | | |

 Frederick-----------| 80 |Not limited | |Not limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | | | | | Slope |0.63

 | | | | | | |

FrD: | | | | | | |

 Frederick-----------| 80 |Somewhat limited | |Not limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |0.70 | | | Slope |1.00

 | | | | | | |

FyC: | | | | | | |

 Frederick-----------| 45 |Not limited | |Not limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | | | | | Slope |0.04

 | | | | | | |

 Caneyville----------| 35 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Water erosion |1.00 | Water erosion |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |0.92

 | | | | | | Droughty |0.04

 | | | | | | Slope |0.04

 | | | | | | |
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

515

Table 11b.--Recreation--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 |Pct.| Paths and trails | Off-road | Golf fairways

 Map symbol | of | | motorcycle trails |

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

FyE: | | | | | | |

 Frederick-----------| 40 |Very limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |0.99 | Slope |0.10 | Slope |1.00

 | | | | | | |

 Caneyville----------| 40 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Water erosion |1.00 | Water erosion |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Slope |0.99 | Slope |0.10 | Depth to bedrock |0.92

 | | | | | | Droughty |0.04

 | | | | | | |

GaC: | | | | | | |

 Gauley--------------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Large stones |1.00 | Large stones |1.00 | Large stones |1.00

 | | content | | content | | content |

 | | | | | | Depth to bedrock |0.46

 | | | | | | Droughty |0.24

 | | | | | | Slope |0.04

 | | | | | | |

GaE: | | | | | | |

 Gauley--------------| 80 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Large stones |1.00 | Large stones |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | content | | content | | Large stones |1.00

 | | Slope |0.99 | Slope |0.10 | content |

 | | | | | | Depth to bedrock |0.46

 | | | | | | Droughty |0.24

 | | | | | | |

GnC: | | | | | | |

 Gilpin--------------| 75 |Not limited | |Not limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | | | | | Slope |0.63

 | | | | | | Depth to bedrock |0.46

 | | | | | | Droughty |0.04

 | | | | | | |

GnD: | | | | | | |

 Gilpin--------------| 75 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Large stones |0.96 | Large stones |0.96 | Slope |1.00

 | | content | | content | | Depth to bedrock |0.46

 | | Slope |0.70 | | | Droughty |0.01

 | | | | | | |

GpC: | | | | | | |

 Gilpin--------------| 75 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Large stones |0.96 | Large stones |0.96 | Depth to bedrock |0.46

 | | content | | content | | Slope |0.04

 | | | | | | Droughty |0.01

 | | | | | | |

GpE: | | | | | | |

 Gilpin--------------| 75 |Very limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |0.99 | Large stones |0.96 | Slope |1.00

 | | Large stones |0.96 | content | | Depth to bedrock |0.46

 | | content | | Slope |0.10 | Droughty |0.01

 | | | | | | |

Ho: | | | | | | |

 Holly---------------| 90 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Flooding |1.00

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | Depth to |1.00

 | | Flooding |0.40 | Flooding |0.40 | saturated zone |

 | | | | | | |

KxF: | | | | | | |

 Kaymine-------------| 70 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Gravel content |1.00 | Gravel content |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |0.99 | Gravel content |1.00

 | | | | | | Large stones |0.38

 | | | | | | content |

 | | | | | | |
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

516

Table 11b.--Recreation--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 |Pct.| Paths and trails | Off-road | Golf fairways

 Map symbol | of | | motorcycle trails |

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

KxF: | | | | | | |

 Rock outcrop--------| 15 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | |

LcC: | | | | | | |

 Leatherbark---------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | Large stones |0.01 | Large stones |0.01 | Depth to bedrock |0.01

 | | content | | content | | Slope |0.01

 | | | | | | |

LgB: | | | | | | |

 Lily----------------| 85 |Not limited | |Not limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | | | | | Depth to bedrock |0.46

 | | | | | | |

LgC: | | | | | | |

 Lily----------------| 85 |Not limited | |Not limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | | | | | Slope |0.63

 | | | | | | Depth to bedrock |0.23

 | | | | | | |

LhE: | | | | | | |

 Lily----------------| 80 |Very limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |0.99 | Slope |0.10 | Slope |1.00

 | | | | | | Depth to bedrock |0.23

 | | | | | | |

Lo: | | | | | | |

 Lobdell-------------| 75 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Depth to |0.22 | Depth to |0.22 | Depth to |0.60

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | | | | | Flooding |0.60

 | | | | | | |

MaB: | | | | | | |

 Macove--------------| 85 |Not limited | |Not limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | | | | | Gravel content |0.38

 | | | | | | Large stones |0.03

 | | | | | | content |

 | | | | | | Droughty |0.01

 | | | | | | |

MaC: | | | | | | |

 Macove--------------| 85 |Not limited | |Not limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | | | | | Slope |0.63

 | | | | | | Gravel content |0.38

 | | | | | | Large stones |0.03

 | | | | | | content |

 | | | | | | Droughty |0.01

 | | | | | | |

MaD: | | | | | | |

 Macove--------------| 80 |Somewhat limited | |Not limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |0.70 | | | Slope |1.00

 | | | | | | Gravel content |0.38

 | | | | | | Large stones |0.03

 | | | | | | content |

 | | | | | | Droughty |0.01

 | | | | | | |

McC: | | | | | | |

 Macove--------------| 80 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Large stones |0.53 | Large stones |0.53 | Gravel content |0.38

 | | content | | content | | Slope |0.04

 | | | | | | Large stones |0.03

 | | | | | | content |

 | | | | | | Droughty |0.01

 | | | | | | |
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

517

Table 11b.--Recreation--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 |Pct.| Paths and trails | Off-road | Golf fairways

 Map symbol | of | | motorcycle trails |

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

McE: | | | | | | |

 Macove--------------| 75 |Very limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |0.99 | Large stones |0.53 | Slope |1.00

 | | Large stones |0.53 | content | | Gravel content |0.38

 | | content | | Slope |0.10 | Large stones |0.03

 | | | | | | content |

 | | | | | | Droughty |0.01

 | | | | | | |

MeF: | | | | | | |

 Macove--------------| 55 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | | | | | Gravel content |0.38

 | | | | | | Large stones |0.03

 | | | | | | content |

 | | | | | | Droughty |0.01

 | | | | | | |

 Gilpin--------------| 30 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Large stones |0.96 | Large stones |0.96 | Depth to bedrock |0.46

 | | content | | content | | Droughty |0.01

 | | | | | | |

MkC: | | | | | | |

 Mandy---------------| 85 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Large stones |0.53 | Large stones |0.53 | Droughty |0.99

 | | content | | content | | Depth to bedrock |0.46

 | | | | | | Slope |0.04

 | | | | | | |

MkE: | | | | | | |

 Mandy---------------| 80 |Very limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |0.99 | Large stones |0.53 | Slope |1.00

 | | Large stones |0.53 | content | | Droughty |0.99

 | | content | | Slope |0.10 | Depth to bedrock |0.46

 | | | | | | |

MkF: | | | | | | |

 Mandy---------------| 80 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Large stones |0.53 | Large stones |0.53 | Droughty |0.99

 | | content | | content | | Depth to bedrock |0.46

 | | | | | | |

MkG: | | | | | | |

 Mandy---------------| 80 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Large stones |0.53 | Large stones |0.53 | Droughty |0.99

 | | content | | content | | Depth to bedrock |0.46

 | | | | | | |

Ml: | | | | | | |

 Melvin--------------| 50 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Flooding |1.00

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | Depth to |1.00

 | | Flooding |0.40 | Flooding |0.40 | saturated zone |

 | | | | | | |

 Lindside------------| 35 |Not limited | |Not limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | | | | | Flooding |0.60

 | | | | | | Depth to |0.03

 | | | | | | saturated zone |

 | | | | | | |
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

518

Table 11b.--Recreation--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 |Pct.| Paths and trails | Off-road | Golf fairways

 Map symbol | of | | motorcycle trails |

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

MzC: | | | | | | |

 Mertz---------------| 75 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Large stones |0.53 | Large stones |0.53 | Slope |0.63

 | | content | | content | | Gravel content |0.28

 | | | | | | Large stones |0.16

 | | | | | | content |

 | | | | | | Droughty |0.01

 | | | | | | |

MzE: | | | | | | |

 Mertz---------------| 75 |Very limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |0.99 | Large stones |0.53 | Slope |1.00

 | | Large stones |0.53 | content | | Gravel content |0.28

 | | content | | Slope |0.10 | Large stones |0.16

 | | | | | | content |

 | | | | | | Droughty |0.01

 | | | | | | |

No: | | | | | | |

 Nolin---------------| 80 |Not limited | |Not limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | | | | | Flooding |0.60

 | | | | | | |

Ph: | | | | | | |

 Philo---------------| 75 |Not limited | |Not limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | | | | | Flooding |0.60

 | | | | | | Depth to |0.03

 | | | | | | saturated zone |

 | | | | | | Large stones |0.01

 | | | | | | content |

 | | | | | | |

Po: | | | | | | |

 Pope----------------| 75 |Not limited | |Not limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | | | | | Flooding |0.60

 | | | | | | |

Pt: | | | | | | |

 Potomac-------------| 80 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Flooding |0.40 | Flooding |0.40 | Flooding |1.00

 | | | | | | Gravel content |1.00

 | | | | | | Droughty |0.93

 | | | | | | |

PuA: | | | | | | |

 Purdy---------------| 80 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | | | | | |

Qu: | | | | | | |

 Quarry--------------| 80 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | |

Se: | | | | | | |

 Sensabaugh----------| 80 |Not limited | |Not limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | | | | | Flooding |0.60

 | | | | | | |

SfB: | | | | | | |

 Shouns--------------| 85 |Not limited | |Not limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | | | | | Gravel content |0.54

 | | | | | | |

SfC: | | | | | | |

 Shouns--------------| 85 |Not limited | |Not limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | | | | | Slope |0.63

 | | | | | | Gravel content |0.54

 | | | | | | |
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

519

Table 11b.--Recreation--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 |Pct.| Paths and trails | Off-road | Golf fairways

 Map symbol | of | | motorcycle trails |

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

ShC: | | | | | | |

 Shouns--------------| 80 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Large stones |1.00 | Large stones |1.00 | Gravel content |0.54

 | | content | | content | | Slope |0.04

 | | | | | | |

ShE: | | | | | | |

 Shouns--------------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Large stones |1.00 | Large stones |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | content | | content | | Gravel content |0.54

 | | Slope |0.99 | Slope |0.10 | |

 | | | | | | |

ShF: | | | | | | |

 Shouns--------------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Large stones |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Large stones |1.00 | content | | Gravel content |0.54

 | | content | | Slope |1.00 | |

 | | | | | | |

SmC: | | | | | | |

 Simoda--------------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Large stones |1.00 | Large stones |1.00 | Depth to |0.19

 | | content | | content | | saturated zone |

 | | | | | | Slope |0.04

 | | | | | | Large stones |0.03

 | | | | | | content |

 | | | | | | |

SoC: | | | | | | |

 Snowdog-------------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Large stones |1.00 | Large stones |1.00 | Large stones |0.99

 | | content | | content | | content |

 | | | | | | Depth to |0.19

 | | | | | | saturated zone |

 | | | | | | Slope |0.04

 | | | | | | |

SoE: | | | | | | |

 Snowdog-------------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Large stones |1.00 | Large stones |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | content | | content | | Large stones |0.99

 | | Slope |0.99 | Slope |0.10 | content |

 | | | | | | Depth to |0.19

 | | | | | | saturated zone |

 | | | | | | |

SoF: | | | | | | |

 Snowdog-------------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Large stones |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Large stones |1.00 | content | | Large stones |0.99

 | | content | | Slope |1.00 | content |

 | | | | | | Depth to |0.19

 | | | | | | saturated zone |

 | | | | | | |

SvC: | | | | | | |

 Summers-------------| 75 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Large stones |0.01 | Large stones |0.01 | Depth to bedrock |0.84

 | | content | | content | | Gravel content |0.59

 | | | | | | Droughty |0.52

 | | | | | | Slope |0.01

 | | | | | | |

Tp: | | | | | | |

 Tioga---------------| 55 |Not limited | |Not limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | | | | | Flooding |0.60

 | | | | | | |
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

520

Table 11b.--Recreation--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 |Pct.| Paths and trails | Off-road | Golf fairways

 Map symbol | of | | motorcycle trails |

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

Tp: | | | | | | |

 Potomac-------------| 35 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Flooding |0.40 | Flooding |0.40 | Flooding |1.00

 | | | | | | Droughty |0.93

 | | | | | | |

TrC: | | | | | | |

 Trussel-------------| 80 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | Large stones |0.53 | Large stones |0.53 | Slope |0.04

 | | content | | content | | |

 | | | | | | |

Uf: | | | | | | |

 Udifluvents---------| 45 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | |

 Fluvaquents---------| 35 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | |

Ux: | | | | | | |

 Udorthents----------| 60 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | |

 Rock outcrop--------| 35 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | |

WeC: | | | | | | |

 Weikert-------------| 80 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Large stones |0.01 | Large stones |0.01 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | content | | content | | Droughty |1.00

 | | | | | | Large stones |0.68

 | | | | | | content |

 | | | | | | Slope |0.63

 | | | | | | Gravel content |0.12

 | | | | | | |

WeD: | | | | | | |

 Weikert-------------| 75 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |0.70 | Large stones |0.01 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Large stones |0.01 | content | | Slope |1.00

 | | content | | | | Droughty |1.00

 | | | | | | Large stones |0.68

 | | | | | | content |

 | | | | | | Gravel content |0.12

 | | | | | | |

WeF: | | | | | | |

 Weikert-------------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |0.99 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Large stones |0.01 | Large stones |0.01 | Slope |1.00

 | | content | | content | | Droughty |1.00

 | | | | | | Large stones |0.68

 | | | | | | content |

 | | | | | | Gravel content |0.12

 | | | | | | |

WrG: | | | | | | |

 Rough---------------| 15 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | | | | | Slope |1.00

 | | | | | | Droughty |1.00

 | | | | | | Gravel content |0.70

 | | | | | | Large stones |0.32

 | | | | | | content |

 | | | | | | |
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

521

Table 11b.--Recreation--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 |Pct.| Paths and trails | Off-road | Golf fairways

 Map symbol | of | | motorcycle trails |

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

WrG: | | | | | | |

 Weikert-------------| 40 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Large stones |0.01 | Large stones |0.01 | Slope |1.00

 | | content | | content | | Droughty |1.00

 | | | | | | Large stones |0.68

 | | | | | | content |

 | | | | | | Gravel content |0.12

 | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 35 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Large stones |0.53 | Large stones |0.53 | Droughty |0.80

 | | content | | content | | Depth to bedrock |0.50

 | | | | | | Large stones |0.38

 | | | | | | content |

 | | | | | | |

ZoA: | | | | | | |

 Zoar----------------| 80 |Not limited | |Not limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | | | | | Depth to |0.19

 | | | | | | saturated zone |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

522

Table 12a.--Building Site Development

(The information in this table indicates the dominant soil condition but does not eliminate the need for

 onsite investigation. The numbers in the value columns range from 0.01 to 1.00. The larger the

 value, the greater the limitation. See text for further explanation of ratings in this table.)

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 |Pct.| Dwellings without | Dwellings with | Small commercial

 Map symbol | of | basements | basements | buildings

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

AlB: | | | | | | |

 Allegheny-----------| 90 |Not limited | |Not limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | | | | | Slope |0.12

 | | | | | | |

AlC: | | | | | | |

 Allegheny-----------| 90 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |0.63 | Slope |0.63 | Slope |1.00

 | | | | | | |

An: | | | | | | |

 Atkins--------------| 35 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | | | | | |

 Philo---------------| 30 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00

 | | Depth to |0.07 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |0.07

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | | | | | |

 Potomac-------------| 20 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00

 | | | | | | |

BaE: | | | | | | |

 Belmont-------------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Shrink-swell |0.50 | Shrink-swell |0.50 | Shrink-swell |0.50

 | | | | Depth to hard |0.42 | |

 | | | | bedrock | | |

 | | | | | | |

BcC: | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 80 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |0.04 | Depth to soft |0.46 | Slope |1.00

 | | Large stones |0.03 | bedrock | | Large stones |0.03

 | | content | | Slope |0.04 | content |

 | | | | Large stones |0.03 | |

 | | | | content | | |

 | | | | | | |

BcE: | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Large stones |0.03 | Depth to soft |0.46 | Large stones |0.03

 | | content | | bedrock | | content |

 | | | | Large stones |0.03 | |

 | | | | content | | |

 | | | | | | |

BcF: | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Large stones |0.03 | Depth to soft |0.46 | Large stones |0.03

 | | content | | bedrock | | content |

 | | | | Large stones |0.03 | |

 | | | | content | | |

 | | | | | | |
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

523

Table 12a.--Building Site Development--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 |Pct.| Dwellings without | Dwellings with | Small commercial

 Map symbol | of | basements | basements | buildings

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

BkG: | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 35 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Large stones |0.03 | Depth to soft |0.46 | Large stones |0.03

 | | content | | bedrock | | content |

 | | | | Large stones |0.03 | |

 | | | | content | | |

 | | | | | | |

 Weikert-------------| 25 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Depth to soft |0.50 | Depth to soft |1.00 | Depth to soft |1.00

 | | bedrock | | bedrock | | bedrock |

 | | | | | | |

 Calvin--------------| 20 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | | | Depth to soft |0.46 | |

 | | | | bedrock | | |

 | | | | | | |

BlC: | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 60 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |0.04 | Depth to soft |0.46 | Slope |1.00

 | | Large stones |0.03 | bedrock | | Large stones |0.03

 | | content | | Slope |0.04 | content |

 | | | | Large stones |0.03 | |

 | | | | content | | |

 | | | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 30 |Somewhat limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to hard |0.46 | Depth to hard |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | bedrock | | bedrock | | Depth to hard |0.46

 | | Large stones |0.19 | Large stones |0.19 | bedrock |

 | | content | | content | | Large stones |0.19

 | | Slope |0.04 | Slope |0.04 | content |

 | | | | | | |

BlE: | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 55 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Large stones |0.03 | Depth to soft |0.46 | Large stones |0.03

 | | content | | bedrock | | content |

 | | | | Large stones |0.03 | |

 | | | | content | | |

 | | | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 35 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Depth to hard |0.46 | Depth to hard |1.00 | Depth to hard |0.46

 | | bedrock | | bedrock | | bedrock |

 | | Large stones |0.19 | Large stones |0.19 | Large stones |0.19

 | | content | | content | | content |

 | | | | | | |

BlF: | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 45 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Large stones |0.03 | Depth to soft |0.46 | Large stones |0.03

 | | content | | bedrock | | content |

 | | | | Large stones |0.03 | |

 | | | | content | | |

 | | | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 40 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Depth to hard |0.46 | Depth to hard |1.00 | Depth to hard |0.46

 | | bedrock | | bedrock | | bedrock |

 | | Large stones |0.19 | Large stones |0.19 | Large stones |0.19

 | | content | | content | | content |
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

524

Table 12a.--Building Site Development--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 |Pct.| Dwellings without | Dwellings with | Small commercial

 Map symbol | of | basements | basements | buildings

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

BrE: | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 50 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Large stones |0.03 | Depth to soft |0.46 | Large stones |0.03

 | | content | | bedrock | | content |

 | | | | Large stones |0.03 | |

 | | | | content | | |

 | | | | | | |

 Weikert-------------| 35 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Depth to soft |0.50 | Depth to soft |1.00 | Depth to soft |1.00

 | | bedrock | | bedrock | | bedrock |

 | | | | | | |

BrF: | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 50 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Large stones |0.03 | Depth to soft |0.46 | Large stones |0.03

 | | content | | bedrock | | content |

 | | | | Large stones |0.03 | |

 | | | | content | | |

 | | | | | | |

 Weikert-------------| 35 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Depth to soft |0.50 | Depth to soft |1.00 | Depth to soft |1.00

 | | bedrock | | bedrock | | bedrock |

 | | | | | | |

BtC: | | | | | | |

 Blackthorn----------| 75 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |0.04 | Slope |0.04 | Slope |1.00

 | | | | | | |

BtE: | | | | | | |

 Blackthorn----------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | | | | | |

BxF: | | | | | | |

 Briery--------------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | | | | | |

 Rock outcrop--------| 15 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | |

CbC: | | | | | | |

 Calvin--------------| 45 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |0.04 | Depth to soft |0.46 | Slope |1.00

 | | | | bedrock | | |

 | | | | Slope |0.04 | |

 | | | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 25 |Somewhat limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to hard |0.46 | Depth to hard |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | bedrock | | bedrock | | Depth to hard |0.46

 | | Large stones |0.19 | Large stones |0.19 | bedrock |

 | | content | | content | | Large stones |0.19

 | | Slope |0.04 | Slope |0.04 | content |

 | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 20 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |0.04 | Depth to soft |0.46 | Slope |1.00

 | | Large stones |0.03 | bedrock | | Large stones |0.03

 | | content | | Slope |0.04 | content |

 | | | | Large stones |0.03 | |

 | | | | content | | |

 | | | | | | |
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

525

Table 12a.--Building Site Development--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 |Pct.| Dwellings without | Dwellings with | Small commercial

 Map symbol | of | basements | basements | buildings

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

CbE: | | | | | | |

 Calvin--------------| 35 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | | | Depth to soft |0.46 | |

 | | | | bedrock | | |

 | | | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 30 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Depth to hard |0.46 | Depth to hard |1.00 | Depth to hard |0.46

 | | bedrock | | bedrock | | bedrock |

 | | Large stones |0.19 | Large stones |0.19 | Large stones |0.19

 | | content | | content | | content |

 | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 20 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Large stones |0.03 | Depth to soft |0.46 | Large stones |0.03

 | | content | | bedrock | | content |

 | | | | Large stones |0.03 | |

 | | | | content | | |

 | | | | | | |

CbF: | | | | | | |

 Calvin--------------| 35 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | | | Depth to soft |0.46 | |

 | | | | bedrock | | |

 | | | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 25 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Depth to hard |0.46 | Depth to hard |1.00 | Depth to hard |0.46

 | | bedrock | | bedrock | | bedrock |

 | | Large stones |0.19 | Large stones |0.19 | Large stones |0.19

 | | content | | content | | content |

 | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 20 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Large stones |0.03 | Depth to soft |0.46 | Large stones |0.03

 | | content | | bedrock | | content |

 | | | | Large stones |0.03 | |

 | | | | content | | |

 | | | | | | |

CeF: | | | | | | |

 Caneyville----------| 40 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Shrink-swell |0.50 | Depth to hard |1.00 | Shrink-swell |0.50

 | | Depth to hard |0.46 | bedrock | | Depth to hard |0.46

 | | bedrock | | Shrink-swell |0.50 | bedrock |

 | | | | | | |

 Frederick-----------| 30 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Shrink-swell |0.50 | Shrink-swell |1.00 | Shrink-swell |0.50

 | | | | | | |

 Rock outcrop--------| 20 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | |

CfB: | | | | | | |

 Cateache------------| 85 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Shrink-swell |0.50 | Shrink-swell |0.50 | Slope |0.50

 | | | | Depth to soft |0.46 | Shrink-swell |0.50

 | | | | bedrock | | |

 | | | | | | |
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

526

Table 12a.--Building Site Development--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 |Pct.| Dwellings without | Dwellings with | Small commercial

 Map symbol | of | basements | basements | buildings

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

CfC: | | | | | | |

 Cateache------------| 85 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |0.63 | Slope |0.63 | Slope |1.00

 | | Shrink-swell |0.50 | Shrink-swell |0.50 | Shrink-swell |0.50

 | | | | Depth to soft |0.46 | |

 | | | | bedrock | | |

 | | | | | | |

CfD: | | | | | | |

 Cateache------------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Shrink-swell |0.50 | Shrink-swell |0.50 | Shrink-swell |0.50

 | | | | Depth to soft |0.46 | |

 | | | | bedrock | | |

 | | | | | | |

CfE: | | | | | | |

 Cateache------------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Shrink-swell |0.50 | Shrink-swell |0.50 | Shrink-swell |0.50

 | | | | Depth to soft |0.46 | |

 | | | | bedrock | | |

 | | | | | | |

CfF: | | | | | | |

 Cateache------------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Shrink-swell |0.50 | Shrink-swell |0.50 | Shrink-swell |0.50

 | | | | Depth to soft |0.46 | |

 | | | | bedrock | | |

 | | | | | | |

CgC: | | | | | | |

 Cateache------------| 85 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Shrink-swell |0.50 | Shrink-swell |0.50 | Slope |1.00

 | | Slope |0.04 | Depth to soft |0.46 | Shrink-swell |0.50

 | | | | bedrock | | |

 | | | | Slope |0.04 | |

 | | | | | | |

CgE: | | | | | | |

 Cateache------------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Shrink-swell |0.50 | Shrink-swell |0.50 | Shrink-swell |0.50

 | | | | Depth to soft |0.46 | |

 | | | | bedrock | | |

 | | | | | | |

CgF: | | | | | | |

 Cateache------------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Shrink-swell |0.50 | Shrink-swell |0.50 | Shrink-swell |0.50

 | | | | Depth to soft |0.46 | |

 | | | | bedrock | | |

 | | | | | | |

Ch: | | | | | | |

 Chavies-------------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00

 | | | | | | |

CpB: | | | | | | |

 Cookport------------| 80 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | | | Depth to hard |0.05 | Slope |0.28

 | | | | bedrock | | |

 | | | | | | |
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

527

Table 12a.--Building Site Development--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 |Pct.| Dwellings without | Dwellings with | Small commercial

 Map symbol | of | basements | basements | buildings

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

CuB: | | | | | | |

 Culleoka------------| 90 |Not limited | |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | | | Depth to soft |0.46 | Slope |0.28

 | | | | bedrock | | |

 | | | | | | |

CuC: | | | | | | |

 Culleoka------------| 85 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |0.63 | Slope |0.63 | Slope |1.00

 | | | | Depth to soft |0.46 | |

 | | | | bedrock | | |

 | | | | | | |

CuD: | | | | | | |

 Culleoka------------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | | | Depth to soft |0.46 | |

 | | | | bedrock | | |

 | | | | | | |

CyE: | | | | | | |

 Culleoka------------| 80 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | | | Depth to soft |0.46 | |

 | | | | bedrock | | |

 | | | | | | |

CyF: | | | | | | |

 Culleoka------------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | | | Depth to soft |0.46 | |

 | | | | bedrock | | |

 | | | | | | |

DeC: | | | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 75 |Somewhat limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to hard |0.46 | Depth to hard |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | bedrock | | bedrock | | Depth to hard |0.46

 | | Large stones |0.19 | Large stones |0.19 | bedrock |

 | | content | | content | | Large stones |0.19

 | | Slope |0.04 | Slope |0.04 | content |

 | | | | | | |

DeE: | | | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Depth to hard |0.46 | Depth to hard |1.00 | Depth to hard |0.46

 | | bedrock | | bedrock | | bedrock |

 | | Large stones |0.19 | Large stones |0.19 | Large stones |0.19

 | | content | | content | | content |

 | | | | | | |

DeF: | | | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Depth to hard |0.46 | Depth to hard |1.00 | Depth to hard |0.46

 | | bedrock | | bedrock | | bedrock |

 | | Large stones |0.19 | Large stones |0.19 | Large stones |0.19

 | | content | | content | | content |

 | | | | | | |

DhC: | | | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 55 |Somewhat limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to hard |0.46 | Depth to hard |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | bedrock | | bedrock | | Depth to hard |0.46

 | | Large stones |0.19 | Large stones |0.19 | bedrock |

 | | content | | content | | Large stones |0.19

 | | Slope |0.04 | Slope |0.04 | content |

 | | | | | | |
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

528

Table 12a.--Building Site Development--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 |Pct.| Dwellings without | Dwellings with | Small commercial

 Map symbol | of | basements | basements | buildings

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

DhC: | | | | | | |

 Hazleton------------| 35 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Large stones |0.17 | Depth to hard |0.26 | Slope |1.00

 | | content | | bedrock | | Large stones |0.17

 | | Slope |0.04 | Large stones |0.17 | content |

 | | | | content | | |

 | | | | Slope |0.04 | |

 | | | | | | |

DhE: | | | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 55 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Depth to hard |0.46 | Depth to hard |1.00 | Depth to hard |0.46

 | | bedrock | | bedrock | | bedrock |

 | | Large stones |0.19 | Large stones |0.19 | Large stones |0.19

 | | content | | content | | content |

 | | | | | | |

 Hazleton------------| 35 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Large stones |0.17 | Depth to hard |0.26 | Large stones |0.17

 | | content | | bedrock | | content |

 | | | | Large stones |0.17 | |

 | | | | content | | |

 | | | | | | |

DhF: | | | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 55 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Depth to hard |0.46 | Depth to hard |1.00 | Depth to hard |0.46

 | | bedrock | | bedrock | | bedrock |

 | | Large stones |0.19 | Large stones |0.19 | Large stones |0.19

 | | content | | content | | content |

 | | | | | | |

 Hazleton------------| 35 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Large stones |0.17 | Depth to hard |0.26 | Large stones |0.17

 | | content | | bedrock | | content |

 | | | | Large stones |0.17 | |

 | | | | content | | |

 | | | | | | |

DkF: | | | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 45 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Depth to hard |0.46 | Depth to hard |1.00 | Depth to hard |0.46

 | | bedrock | | bedrock | | bedrock |

 | | Large stones |0.19 | Large stones |0.19 | Large stones |0.19

 | | content | | content | | content |

 | | | | | | |

 Rock outcrop--------| 40 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | |

Du: | | | | | | |

 Dunning-------------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Ponding |1.00 | Ponding |1.00 | Ponding |1.00

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | | | | | |

ElF: | | | | | | |

 Elliber-------------| 80 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | | | | | |
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

529

Table 12a.--Building Site Development--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 |Pct.| Dwellings without | Dwellings with | Small commercial

 Map symbol | of | basements | basements | buildings

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

ErB: | | | | | | |

 Ernest--------------| 80 |Somewhat limited | |Very limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Depth to |0.56 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |0.56

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | Shrink-swell |0.50 | Shrink-swell |0.50 | Slope |0.50

 | | | | | | Shrink-swell |0.50

 | | | | | | |

EsC: | | | | | | |

 Ernest--------------| 75 |Somewhat limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to |0.56 | Depth to |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | Depth to |0.56

 | | Shrink-swell |0.50 | Shrink-swell |0.50 | saturated zone |

 | | Slope |0.04 | Slope |0.04 | Shrink-swell |0.50

 | | | | | | |

FaE: | | | | | | |

 Faywood-------------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Shrink-swell |0.50 | Depth to hard |1.00 | Shrink-swell |0.50

 | | Depth to hard |0.46 | bedrock | | Depth to hard |0.46

 | | bedrock | | Shrink-swell |0.50 | bedrock |

 | | | | | | |

FaF: | | | | | | |

 Faywood-------------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Shrink-swell |0.50 | Depth to hard |1.00 | Shrink-swell |0.50

 | | Depth to hard |0.46 | bedrock | | Depth to hard |0.46

 | | bedrock | | Shrink-swell |0.50 | bedrock |

 | | | | | | |

FkB: | | | | | | |

 Frankstown----------| 75 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Shrink-swell |0.50 | Depth to hard |0.82 | Slope |0.50

 | | | | bedrock | | Shrink-swell |0.50

 | | | | Shrink-swell |0.50 | |

 | | | | | | |

FkC: | | | | | | |

 Frankstown----------| 75 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |0.63 | Depth to hard |0.82 | Slope |1.00

 | | Shrink-swell |0.50 | bedrock | | Shrink-swell |0.50

 | | | | Slope |0.63 | |

 | | | | Shrink-swell |0.50 | |

 | | | | | | |

FkD: | | | | | | |

 Frankstown----------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Shrink-swell |0.50 | Depth to hard |0.82 | Shrink-swell |0.50

 | | | | bedrock | | |

 | | | | Shrink-swell |0.50 | |

 | | | | | | |

FoC: | | | | | | |

 Frankstown----------| 75 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Shrink-swell |0.50 | Depth to hard |0.82 | Slope |1.00

 | | Slope |0.04 | bedrock | | Shrink-swell |0.50

 | | | | Shrink-swell |0.50 | |

 | | | | Slope |0.04 | |

 | | | | | | |

FoE: | | | | | | |

 Frankstown----------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Shrink-swell |0.50 | Depth to hard |0.82 | Shrink-swell |0.50

 | | | | bedrock | | |

 | | | | Shrink-swell |0.50 | |

 | | | | | | |
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

530

Table 12a.--Building Site Development--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 |Pct.| Dwellings without | Dwellings with | Small commercial

 Map symbol | of | basements | basements | buildings

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

FrB: | | | | | | |

 Frederick-----------| 80 |Somewhat limited | |Very limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Shrink-swell |0.50 | Shrink-swell |1.00 | Slope |0.50

 | | | | | | Shrink-swell |0.50

 | | | | | | |

FrC: | | | | | | |

 Frederick-----------| 80 |Somewhat limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |0.63 | Shrink-swell |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Shrink-swell |0.50 | Slope |0.63 | Shrink-swell |0.50

 | | | | | | |

FrD: | | | | | | |

 Frederick-----------| 80 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Shrink-swell |0.50 | Shrink-swell |1.00 | Shrink-swell |0.50

 | | | | | | |

FyC: | | | | | | |

 Frederick-----------| 45 |Somewhat limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Shrink-swell |0.50 | Shrink-swell |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Slope |0.04 | Slope |0.04 | Shrink-swell |0.50

 | | | | | | |

 Caneyville----------| 35 |Somewhat limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Shrink-swell |0.50 | Depth to hard |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Depth to hard |0.46 | bedrock | | Shrink-swell |0.50

 | | bedrock | | Shrink-swell |0.50 | Depth to hard |0.46

 | | Slope |0.04 | Slope |0.04 | bedrock |

 | | | | | | |

FyE: | | | | | | |

 Frederick-----------| 40 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Shrink-swell |0.50 | Shrink-swell |1.00 | Shrink-swell |0.50

 | | | | | | |

 Caneyville----------| 40 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Shrink-swell |0.50 | Depth to hard |1.00 | Shrink-swell |0.50

 | | Depth to hard |0.46 | bedrock | | Depth to hard |0.46

 | | bedrock | | Shrink-swell |0.50 | bedrock |

 | | | | | | |

GaC: | | | | | | |

 Gauley--------------| 85 |Somewhat limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to hard |0.46 | Depth to hard |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | bedrock | | bedrock | | Depth to hard |0.46

 | | Large stones |0.37 | Large stones |0.37 | bedrock |

 | | content | | content | | Large stones |0.37

 | | Slope |0.04 | Slope |0.04 | content |

 | | | | | | |

GaE: | | | | | | |

 Gauley--------------| 80 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Depth to hard |0.46 | Depth to hard |1.00 | Depth to hard |0.46

 | | bedrock | | bedrock | | bedrock |

 | | Large stones |0.37 | Large stones |0.37 | Large stones |0.37

 | | content | | content | | content |

 | | | | | | |

GnC: | | | | | | |

 Gilpin--------------| 75 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |0.63 | Slope |0.63 | Slope |1.00

 | | | | Depth to soft |0.46 | |

 | | | | bedrock | | |

 | | | | | | |
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

531

Table 12a.--Building Site Development--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 |Pct.| Dwellings without | Dwellings with | Small commercial

 Map symbol | of | basements | basements | buildings

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

GnD: | | | | | | |

 Gilpin--------------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | | | Depth to soft |0.46 | |

 | | | | bedrock | | |

 | | | | | | |

GpC: | | | | | | |

 Gilpin--------------| 75 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |0.04 | Depth to soft |0.46 | Slope |1.00

 | | | | bedrock | | |

 | | | | Slope |0.04 | |

 | | | | | | |

GpE: | | | | | | |

 Gilpin--------------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | | | Depth to soft |0.46 | |

 | | | | bedrock | | |

 | | | | | | |

Ho: | | | | | | |

 Holly---------------| 90 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | | | | | |

KxF: | | | | | | |

 Kaymine-------------| 70 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | | | | | |

 Rock outcrop--------| 15 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | |

LcC: | | | | | | |

 Leatherbark---------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | Shrink-swell |0.50 | Depth to hard |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Depth to hard |0.01 | bedrock | | Shrink-swell |0.50

 | | bedrock | | Shrink-swell |0.50 | |

 | | | | | | |

LgB: | | | | | | |

 Lily----------------| 85 |Somewhat limited | |Very limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Depth to hard |0.46 | Depth to hard |1.00 | Slope |0.50

 | | bedrock | | bedrock | | Depth to hard |0.46

 | | | | | | bedrock |

 | | | | | | |

LgC: | | | | | | |

 Lily----------------| 85 |Somewhat limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |0.63 | Depth to hard |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Depth to hard |0.46 | bedrock | | Depth to hard |0.46

 | | bedrock | | Slope |0.63 | bedrock |

 | | | | | | |

LhE: | | | | | | |

 Lily----------------| 80 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Depth to hard |0.46 | Depth to hard |1.00 | Depth to hard |0.46

 | | bedrock | | bedrock | | bedrock |

 | | | | | | |

Lo: | | | | | | |

 Lobdell-------------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00

 | | Depth to |0.90 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |0.90

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | | | | | |
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

532

Table 12a.--Building Site Development--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 |Pct.| Dwellings without | Dwellings with | Small commercial

 Map symbol | of | basements | basements | buildings

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

MaB: | | | | | | |

 Macove--------------| 85 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Large stones |0.02 | Large stones |0.02 | Slope |0.50

 | | content | | content | | Large stones |0.02

 | | | | | | content |

 | | | | | | |

MaC: | | | | | | |

 Macove--------------| 85 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |0.63 | Slope |0.63 | Slope |1.00

 | | Large stones |0.02 | Large stones |0.02 | Large stones |0.02

 | | content | | content | | content |

 | | | | | | |

MaD: | | | | | | |

 Macove--------------| 80 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Large stones |0.02 | Large stones |0.02 | Large stones |0.02

 | | content | | content | | content |

 | | | | | | |

McC: | | | | | | |

 Macove--------------| 80 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |0.04 | Slope |0.04 | Slope |1.00

 | | Large stones |0.02 | Large stones |0.02 | Large stones |0.02

 | | content | | content | | content |

 | | | | | | |

McE: | | | | | | |

 Macove--------------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Large stones |0.02 | Large stones |0.02 | Large stones |0.02

 | | content | | content | | content |

 | | | | | | |

MeF: | | | | | | |

 Macove--------------| 55 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Large stones |0.02 | Large stones |0.02 | Large stones |0.02

 | | content | | content | | content |

 | | | | | | |

 Gilpin--------------| 30 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | | | Depth to soft |0.46 | |

 | | | | bedrock | | |

 | | | | | | |

MkC: | | | | | | |

 Mandy---------------| 85 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |0.04 | Depth to soft |0.46 | Slope |1.00

 | | | | bedrock | | |

 | | | | Slope |0.04 | |

 | | | | | | |

MkE: | | | | | | |

 Mandy---------------| 80 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | | | Depth to soft |0.46 | |

 | | | | bedrock | | |

 | | | | | | |

MkF: | | | | | | |

 Mandy---------------| 80 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | | | Depth to soft |0.46 | |

 | | | | bedrock | | |

 | | | | | | |
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

533

Table 12a.--Building Site Development--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 |Pct.| Dwellings without | Dwellings with | Small commercial

 Map symbol | of | basements | basements | buildings

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

MkG: | | | | | | |

 Mandy---------------| 80 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | | | Depth to soft |0.46 | |

 | | | | bedrock | | |

 | | | | | | |

Ml: | | | | | | |

 Melvin--------------| 50 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | | | | | |

 Lindside------------| 35 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00

 | | Depth to |0.07 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |0.07

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | | | | | |

MzC: | | | | | | |

 Mertz---------------| 75 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |0.63 | Slope |0.63 | Slope |1.00

 | | | | | | |

MzE: | | | | | | |

 Mertz---------------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | | | | | |

No: | | | | | | |

 Nolin---------------| 80 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00

 | | | | Depth to |0.35 | |

 | | | | saturated zone | | |

 | | | | | | |

Ph: | | | | | | |

 Philo---------------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00

 | | Depth to |0.07 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |0.07

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | | | | | |

Po: | | | | | | |

 Pope----------------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00

 | | | | | | |

Pt: | | | | | | |

 Potomac-------------| 80 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00

 | | | | | | |

PuA: | | | | | | |

 Purdy---------------| 80 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | Shrink-swell |0.50 | Shrink-swell |0.50 | Shrink-swell |0.50

 | | | | | | |

Qu: | | | | | | |

 Quarry--------------| 80 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | |

Se: | | | | | | |

 Sensabaugh----------| 80 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00

 | | | | Depth to |0.15 | |

 | | | | saturated zone | | |

 | | | | | | |
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

534

Table 12a.--Building Site Development--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 |Pct.| Dwellings without | Dwellings with | Small commercial

 Map symbol | of | basements | basements | buildings

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

SfB: | | | | | | |

 Shouns--------------| 85 |Not limited | |Not limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | | | | | Slope |0.50

 | | | | | | |

SfC: | | | | | | |

 Shouns--------------| 85 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |0.63 | Slope |0.63 | Slope |1.00

 | | | | | | |

ShC: | | | | | | |

 Shouns--------------| 80 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |0.04 | Slope |0.04 | Slope |1.00

 | | | | | | |

ShE: | | | | | | |

 Shouns--------------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | | | | | |

ShF: | | | | | | |

 Shouns--------------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | | | | | |

SmC: | | | | | | |

 Simoda--------------| 75 |Somewhat limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to |0.39 | Depth to |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | Depth to |0.39

 | | Slope |0.04 | Depth to hard |0.05 | saturated zone |

 | | | | bedrock | | |

 | | | | Slope |0.04 | |

 | | | | | | |

SoC: | | | | | | |

 Snowdog-------------| 75 |Somewhat limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to |0.39 | Depth to |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | Depth to |0.39

 | | Slope |0.04 | Slope |0.04 | saturated zone |

 | | | | | | |

SoE: | | | | | | |

 Snowdog-------------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Depth to |0.39 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |0.39

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | | | | | |

SoF: | | | | | | |

 Snowdog-------------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Depth to |0.39 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |0.39

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | | | | | |

SvC: | | | | | | |

 Summers-------------| 75 |Somewhat limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to hard |0.84 | Depth to hard |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | bedrock | | bedrock | | Depth to hard |0.84

 | | Slope |0.01 | Slope |0.01 | bedrock |

 | | | | | | |

Tp: | | | | | | |

 Tioga---------------| 55 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00

 | | | | | | |

 Potomac-------------| 35 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00

 | | | | | | |
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

535

Table 12a.--Building Site Development--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 |Pct.| Dwellings without | Dwellings with | Small commercial

 Map symbol | of | basements | basements | buildings

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

TrC: | | | | | | |

 Trussel-------------| 80 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | Slope |0.04 | Slope |0.04 | Slope |1.00

 | | | | | | |

Uf: | | | | | | |

 Udifluvents---------| 45 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | |

 Fluvaquents---------| 35 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | |

Ux: | | | | | | |

 Udorthents----------| 60 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | |

 Rock outcrop--------| 35 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | |

WeC: | | | | | | |

 Weikert-------------| 80 |Somewhat limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |0.63 | Depth to soft |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Depth to soft |0.50 | bedrock | | Depth to soft |1.00

 | | bedrock | | Slope |0.63 | bedrock |

 | | | | | | |

WeD: | | | | | | |

 Weikert-------------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Depth to soft |0.50 | Depth to soft |1.00 | Depth to soft |1.00

 | | bedrock | | bedrock | | bedrock |

 | | | | | | |

WeF: | | | | | | |

 Weikert-------------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Depth to soft |0.50 | Depth to soft |1.00 | Depth to soft |1.00

 | | bedrock | | bedrock | | bedrock |

 | | | | | | |

WrG: | | | | | | |

 Weikert-------------| 40 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Depth to soft |0.50 | Depth to soft |1.00 | Depth to soft |1.00

 | | bedrock | | bedrock | | bedrock |

 | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 35 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Large stones |0.03 | Depth to soft |0.46 | Large stones |0.03

 | | content | | bedrock | | content |

 | | | | Large stones |0.03 | |

 | | | | content | | |

 | | | | | | |

 Rough---------------| 15 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Depth to hard |1.00 | Depth to hard |1.00 | Depth to hard |1.00

 | | bedrock | | bedrock | | bedrock |

 | | Large stones |0.01 | Large stones |0.01 | Large stones |0.01

 | | content | | content | | content |

 | | | | | | |

ZoA: | | | | | | |

 Zoar----------------| 80 |Somewhat limited | |Very limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Shrink-swell |0.50 | Depth to |1.00 | Shrink-swell |0.50

 | | Depth to |0.39 | saturated zone |0.50 | Depth to |0.39

 | | saturated zone | | Shrink-swell |0.50 | saturated zone |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

536

Table 12b.--Building Site Development

(The information in this table indicates the dominant soil condition but does not eliminate the need for

 onsite investigation. The numbers in the value columns range from 0.01 to 1.00. The larger the

 value, the greater the limitation. See text for further explanation of ratings in this table.)

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 Map symbol |Pct.| Local roads and streets | Shallow excavations | Lawns and landscaping

 and soil name | of |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 |map | Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 |unit| limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

AlB: | | | | | | |

 Allegheny-----------| 90 |Not limited | |Very limited | |Not rated |

 | | | | Cutbanks cave |1.00 | |

 | | | | | | |

AlC: | | | | | | |

 Allegheny-----------| 90 |Somewhat limited | |Very limited | |Not rated |

 | | Slope |0.63 | Cutbanks cave |1.00 | |

 | | | | Slope |0.63 | |

 | | | | | | |

An: | | | | | | |

 Atkins--------------| 35 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Flooding |1.00

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | Depth to |1.00

 | | Frost action |1.00 | Cutbanks cave |1.00 | saturated zone |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |0.80 | |

 | | | | | | |

 Philo---------------| 30 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Flooding |0.60

 | | Frost action |0.50 | saturated zone | | Depth to |0.03

 | | Depth to |0.03 | Cutbanks cave |1.00 | saturated zone |

 | | saturated zone | | Flooding |0.60 | Large stones |0.01

 | | | | | | content |

 | | | | | | |

 Potomac-------------| 20 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Cutbanks cave |1.00 | Flooding |1.00

 | | | | Flooding |0.80 | Droughty |0.91

 | | | | | | |

BaE: | | | | | | |

 Belmont-------------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Not rated |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | |

 | | Low strength |1.00 | Depth to hard |0.42 | |

 | | Shrink-swell |0.50 | bedrock | | |

 | | | | Too clayey |0.24 | |

 | | | | | | |

BcC: | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 80 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Not rated |

 | | Slope |0.04 | Depth to soft |0.46 | |

 | | Large stones |0.03 | bedrock | | |

 | | content | | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | |

 | | | | Slope |0.04 | |

 | | | | | | |

BcE: | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Not rated |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | |

 | | Large stones |0.03 | Depth to soft |0.46 | |

 | | content | | bedrock | | |

 | | | | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | |

 | | | | | | |

BcF: | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Not rated |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | |

 | | Large stones |0.03 | Depth to soft |0.46 | |

 | | content | | bedrock | | |

 | | | | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | |

 | | | | | | |
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

537

Table 12b.--Building Site Development--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 Map symbol |Pct.| Local roads and streets | Shallow excavations | Lawns and landscaping

 and soil name | of |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 |map | Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 |unit| limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

BkG: | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 35 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Not rated |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | |

 | | Large stones |0.03 | Depth to soft |0.46 | |

 | | content | | bedrock | | |

 | | | | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | |

 | | | | | | |

 Weikert-------------| 25 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Not rated |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Depth to soft |1.00 | |

 | | Depth to soft |1.00 | bedrock | | |

 | | bedrock | | Slope |1.00 | |

 | | Frost action |0.50 | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | |

 | | | | | | |

 Calvin--------------| 20 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Not rated |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | |

 | | Frost action |0.50 | Depth to soft |0.46 | |

 | | | | bedrock | | |

 | | | | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | |

 | | | | | | |

BlC: | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 60 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Not rated |

 | | Slope |0.04 | Depth to soft |0.46 | |

 | | Large stones |0.03 | bedrock | | |

 | | content | | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | |

 | | | | Slope |0.04 | |

 | | | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 30 |Somewhat limited | |Very limited | |Not rated |

 | | Depth to hard |0.46 | Depth to hard |1.00 | |

 | | bedrock | | bedrock | | |

 | | Large stones |0.19 | Large stones |0.19 | |

 | | content | | content | | |

 | | Slope |0.04 | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | |

 | | | | | | |

BlE: | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 55 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Not rated |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | |

 | | Large stones |0.03 | Depth to soft |0.46 | |

 | | content | | bedrock | | |

 | | | | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | |

 | | | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 35 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Not rated |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Depth to hard |1.00 | |

 | | Depth to hard |0.46 | bedrock | | |

 | | bedrock | | Slope |1.00 | |

 | | Large stones |0.19 | Large stones |0.19 | |

 | | content | | content | | |

 | | | | | | |

BlF: | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 45 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Not rated |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | |

 | | Large stones |0.03 | Depth to soft |0.46 | |

 | | content | | bedrock | | |

 | | | | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | |

 | | | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 40 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Not rated |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Depth to hard |1.00 | |

 | | Depth to hard |0.46 | bedrock | | |

 | | bedrock | | Slope |1.00 | |

 | | Large stones |0.19 | Large stones |0.19 | |

 | | content | | content | | |

 | | | | | | |
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

538

Table 12b.--Building Site Development--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 Map symbol |Pct.| Local roads and streets | Shallow excavations | Lawns and landscaping

 and soil name | of |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 |map | Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 |unit| limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

BrE: | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 50 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Not rated |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | |

 | | Large stones |0.03 | Depth to soft |0.46 | |

 | | content | | bedrock | | |

 | | | | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | |

 | | | | | | |

 Weikert-------------| 35 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Not rated |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Depth to soft |1.00 | |

 | | Depth to soft |1.00 | bedrock | | |

 | | bedrock | | Slope |1.00 | |

 | | Frost action |0.50 | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | |

 | | | | | | |

BrF: | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 50 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Not rated |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | |

 | | Large stones |0.03 | Depth to soft |0.46 | |

 | | content | | bedrock | | |

 | | | | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | |

 | | | | | | |

 Weikert-------------| 35 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Not rated |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Depth to soft |1.00 | |

 | | Depth to soft |1.00 | bedrock | | |

 | | bedrock | | Slope |1.00 | |

 | | Frost action |0.50 | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | |

 | | | | | | |

BtC: | | | | | | |

 Blackthorn----------| 75 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Not rated |

 | | Slope |0.04 | Too clayey |0.24 | |

 | | | | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | |

 | | | | Slope |0.04 | |

 | | | | | | |

BtE: | | | | | | |

 Blackthorn----------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Not rated |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | |

 | | | | Too clayey |0.24 | |

 | | | | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | |

 | | | | | | |

BxF: | | | | | | |

 Briery--------------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Frost action |0.50 | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | Gravel content |0.66

 | | | | | | Large stones |0.61

 | | | | | | content |

 | | | | | | |

 Rock outcrop--------| 15 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | |

CbC: | | | | | | |

 Calvin--------------| 45 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Not rated |

 | | Frost action |0.50 | Depth to soft |0.46 | |

 | | Slope |0.04 | bedrock | | |

 | | | | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | |

 | | | | Slope |0.04 | |

 | | | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 25 |Somewhat limited | |Very limited | |Not rated |

 | | Depth to hard |0.46 | Depth to hard |1.00 | |

 | | bedrock | | bedrock | | |

 | | Large stones |0.19 | Large stones |0.19 | |

 | | content | | content | | |

 | | Slope |0.04 | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | |

 | | | | | | |
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

539

Table 12b.--Building Site Development--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 Map symbol |Pct.| Local roads and streets | Shallow excavations | Lawns and landscaping

 and soil name | of |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 |map | Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 |unit| limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

CbC: | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 20 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Not rated |

 | | Slope |0.04 | Depth to soft |0.46 | |

 | | Large stones |0.03 | bedrock | | |

 | | content | | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | |

 | | | | Slope |0.04 | |

 | | | | | | |

CbE: | | | | | | |

 Calvin--------------| 35 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Not rated |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | |

 | | Frost action |0.50 | Depth to soft |0.46 | |

 | | | | bedrock | | |

 | | | | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | |

 | | | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 30 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Not rated |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Depth to hard |1.00 | |

 | | Depth to hard |0.46 | bedrock | | |

 | | bedrock | | Slope |1.00 | |

 | | Large stones |0.19 | Large stones |0.19 | |

 | | content | | content | | |

 | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 20 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Not rated |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | |

 | | Large stones |0.03 | Depth to soft |0.46 | |

 | | content | | bedrock | | |

 | | | | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | |

 | | | | | | |

CbF: | | | | | | |

 Calvin--------------| 35 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Not rated |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | |

 | | Frost action |0.50 | Depth to soft |0.46 | |

 | | | | bedrock | | |

 | | | | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | |

 | | | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 25 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Not rated |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Depth to hard |1.00 | |

 | | Depth to hard |0.46 | bedrock | | |

 | | bedrock | | Slope |1.00 | |

 | | Large stones |0.19 | Large stones |0.19 | |

 | | content | | content | | |

 | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 20 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Not rated |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | |

 | | Large stones |0.03 | Depth to soft |0.46 | |

 | | content | | bedrock | | |

 | | | | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | |

 | | | | | | |

CeF: | | | | | | |

 Caneyville----------| 40 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Depth to hard |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Shrink-swell |0.50 | bedrock | | Depth to bedrock |0.46

 | | Depth to hard |0.46 | Slope |1.00 | Droughty |0.04

 | | bedrock | | Too clayey |0.50 | |

 | | | | | | |

 Frederick-----------| 30 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Low strength |1.00 | Too clayey |1.00 | |

 | | Shrink-swell |0.50 | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | |

 | | | | | | |

 Rock outcrop--------| 20 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | |
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

540

Table 12b.--Building Site Development--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 Map symbol |Pct.| Local roads and streets | Shallow excavations | Lawns and landscaping

 and soil name | of |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 |map | Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 |unit| limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

CfB: | | | | | | |

 Cateache------------| 85 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Not rated |

 | | Shrink-swell |0.50 | Depth to soft |0.46 | |

 | | Frost action |0.50 | bedrock | | |

 | | | | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | |

 | | | | | | |

CfC: | | | | | | |

 Cateache------------| 85 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Not rated |

 | | Slope |0.63 | Slope |0.63 | |

 | | Shrink-swell |0.50 | Depth to soft |0.46 | |

 | | Frost action |0.50 | bedrock | | |

 | | | | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | |

 | | | | | | |

CfD: | | | | | | |

 Cateache------------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Not rated |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | |

 | | Shrink-swell |0.50 | Depth to soft |0.46 | |

 | | Frost action |0.50 | bedrock | | |

 | | | | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | |

 | | | | | | |

CfE: | | | | | | |

 Cateache------------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Not rated |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | |

 | | Shrink-swell |0.50 | Depth to soft |0.46 | |

 | | Frost action |0.50 | bedrock | | |

 | | | | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | |

 | | | | | | |

CfF: | | | | | | |

 Cateache------------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Not rated |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | |

 | | Shrink-swell |0.50 | Depth to soft |0.46 | |

 | | Frost action |0.50 | bedrock | | |

 | | | | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | |

 | | | | | | |

CgC: | | | | | | |

 Cateache------------| 85 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Not rated |

 | | Shrink-swell |0.50 | Depth to soft |0.46 | |

 | | Frost action |0.50 | bedrock | | |

 | | Slope |0.04 | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | |

 | | | | Slope |0.04 | |

 | | | | | | |

CgE: | | | | | | |

 Cateache------------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Not rated |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | |

 | | Shrink-swell |0.50 | Depth to soft |0.46 | |

 | | Frost action |0.50 | bedrock | | |

 | | | | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | |

 | | | | | | |

CgF: | | | | | | |

 Cateache------------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Not rated |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | |

 | | Shrink-swell |0.50 | Depth to soft |0.46 | |

 | | Frost action |0.50 | bedrock | | |

 | | | | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | |

 | | | | | | |

Ch: | | | | | | |

 Chavies-------------| 85 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Not limited |

 | | Flooding |0.40 | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | |

 | | | | | | |
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

541

Table 12b.--Building Site Development--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 Map symbol |Pct.| Local roads and streets | Shallow excavations | Lawns and landscaping

 and soil name | of |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 |map | Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 |unit| limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

CpB: | | | | | | |

 Cookport------------| 80 |Somewhat limited | |Very limited | |Not rated |

 | | Depth to |0.83 | Depth to |1.00 | |

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | |

 | | Frost action |0.50 | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | |

 | | Low strength |0.22 | Depth to hard |0.05 | |

 | | | | bedrock | | |

 | | | | | | |

CuB: | | | | | | |

 Culleoka------------| 90 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Not rated |

 | | Low strength |0.22 | Depth to soft |0.46 | |

 | | | | bedrock | | |

 | | | | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | |

 | | | | | | |

CuC: | | | | | | |

 Culleoka------------| 85 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Not rated |

 | | Slope |0.63 | Slope |0.63 | |

 | | Low strength |0.22 | Depth to soft |0.46 | |

 | | | | bedrock | | |

 | | | | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | |

 | | | | | | |

CuD: | | | | | | |

 Culleoka------------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Not rated |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | |

 | | Low strength |0.22 | Depth to soft |0.46 | |

 | | | | bedrock | | |

 | | | | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | |

 | | | | | | |

CyE: | | | | | | |

 Culleoka------------| 80 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Not rated |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | |

 | | Low strength |0.22 | Depth to soft |0.46 | |

 | | | | bedrock | | |

 | | | | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | |

 | | | | | | |

CyF: | | | | | | |

 Culleoka------------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Not rated |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | |

 | | Low strength |0.22 | Depth to soft |0.46 | |

 | | | | bedrock | | |

 | | | | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | |

 | | | | | | |

DeC: | | | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 75 |Somewhat limited | |Very limited | |Not rated |

 | | Depth to hard |0.46 | Depth to hard |1.00 | |

 | | bedrock | | bedrock | | |

 | | Large stones |0.19 | Large stones |0.19 | |

 | | content | | content | | |

 | | Slope |0.04 | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | |

 | | | | | | |

DeE: | | | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Not rated |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Depth to hard |1.00 | |

 | | Depth to hard |0.46 | bedrock | | |

 | | bedrock | | Slope |1.00 | |

 | | Large stones |0.19 | Large stones |0.19 | |

 | | content | | content | | |

 | | | | | | |
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

542

Table 12b.--Building Site Development--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 Map symbol |Pct.| Local roads and streets | Shallow excavations | Lawns and landscaping

 and soil name | of |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 |map | Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 |unit| limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

DeF: | | | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Not rated |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Depth to hard |1.00 | |

 | | Depth to hard |0.46 | bedrock | | |

 | | bedrock | | Slope |1.00 | |

 | | Large stones |0.19 | Large stones |0.19 | |

 | | content | | content | | |

 | | | | | | |

DhC: | | | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 55 |Somewhat limited | |Very limited | |Not rated |

 | | Depth to hard |0.46 | Depth to hard |1.00 | |

 | | bedrock | | bedrock | | |

 | | Large stones |0.19 | Large stones |0.19 | |

 | | content | | content | | |

 | | Slope |0.04 | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | |

 | | | | | | |

 Hazleton------------| 35 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Not rated |

 | | Frost action |0.50 | Depth to hard |0.26 | |

 | | Large stones |0.17 | bedrock | | |

 | | content | | Large stones |0.17 | |

 | | Slope |0.04 | content | | |

 | | | | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | |

 | | | | | | |

DhE: | | | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 55 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Not rated |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Depth to hard |1.00 | |

 | | Depth to hard |0.46 | bedrock | | |

 | | bedrock | | Slope |1.00 | |

 | | Large stones |0.19 | Large stones |0.19 | |

 | | content | | content | | |

 | | | | | | |

 Hazleton------------| 35 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Not rated |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | |

 | | Frost action |0.50 | Depth to hard |0.26 | |

 | | Large stones |0.17 | bedrock | | |

 | | content | | Large stones |0.17 | |

 | | | | content | | |

 | | | | | | |

DhF: | | | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 55 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Not rated |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Depth to hard |1.00 | |

 | | Depth to hard |0.46 | bedrock | | |

 | | bedrock | | Slope |1.00 | |

 | | Large stones |0.19 | Large stones |0.19 | |

 | | content | | content | | |

 | | | | | | |

 Hazleton------------| 35 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Not rated |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | |

 | | Frost action |0.50 | Depth to hard |0.26 | |

 | | Large stones |0.17 | bedrock | | |

 | | content | | Large stones |0.17 | |

 | | | | content | | |

 | | | | | | |

DkF: | | | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 45 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Not rated |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Depth to hard |1.00 | |

 | | Depth to hard |0.46 | bedrock | | |

 | | bedrock | | Slope |1.00 | |

 | | Large stones |0.19 | Large stones |0.19 | |

 | | content | | content | | |

 | | | | | | |

 Rock outcrop--------| 40 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | |
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

543

Table 12b.--Building Site Development--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 Map symbol |Pct.| Local roads and streets | Shallow excavations | Lawns and landscaping

 and soil name | of |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 |map | Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 |unit| limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

Du: | | | | | | |

 Dunning-------------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Ponding |1.00 | Ponding |1.00 | Ponding |1.00

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |0.60 | Flooding |0.60

 | | | | | | |

ElF: | | | | | | |

 Elliber-------------| 80 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Not rated |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | |

 | | Low strength |0.78 | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | |

 | | Frost action |0.50 | | | |

 | | | | | | |

ErB: | | | | | | |

 Ernest--------------| 80 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Not rated |

 | | Low strength |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | |

 | | Shrink-swell |0.50 | saturated zone | | |

 | | Frost action |0.50 | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | |

 | | | | | | |

EsC: | | | | | | |

 Ernest--------------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Not rated |

 | | Low strength |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | |

 | | Shrink-swell |0.50 | saturated zone | | |

 | | Frost action |0.50 | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | |

 | | | | Slope |0.04 | |

 | | | | | | |

FaE: | | | | | | |

 Faywood-------------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Depth to hard |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Low strength |1.00 | bedrock | | Depth to bedrock |0.46

 | | Shrink-swell |0.50 | Slope |1.00 | |

 | | | | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | |

 | | | | | | |

FaF: | | | | | | |

 Faywood-------------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Depth to hard |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Low strength |1.00 | bedrock | | Depth to bedrock |0.46

 | | Shrink-swell |0.50 | Slope |1.00 | |

 | | | | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | |

 | | | | | | |

FkB: | | | | | | |

 Frankstown----------| 75 |Very limited | |Somewhat limited | |Not limited |

 | | Low strength |1.00 | Depth to hard |0.82 | |

 | | Shrink-swell |0.50 | bedrock | | |

 | | Frost action |0.50 | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | |

 | | | | | | |

FkC: | | | | | | |

 Frankstown----------| 75 |Very limited | |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Low strength |1.00 | Depth to hard |0.82 | Slope |0.63

 | | Slope |0.63 | bedrock | | |

 | | Shrink-swell |0.50 | Slope |0.63 | |

 | | | | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | |

 | | | | | | |

FkD: | | | | | | |

 Frankstown----------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Low strength |1.00 | Depth to hard |0.82 | |

 | | Shrink-swell |0.50 | bedrock | | |

 | | | | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | |

 | | | | | | |
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

544

Table 12b.--Building Site Development--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 Map symbol |Pct.| Local roads and streets | Shallow excavations | Lawns and landscaping

 and soil name | of |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 |map | Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 |unit| limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

FoC: | | | | | | |

 Frankstown----------| 75 |Very limited | |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Low strength |1.00 | Depth to hard |0.82 | Slope |0.04

 | | Shrink-swell |0.50 | bedrock | | |

 | | Frost action |0.50 | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | |

 | | | | Slope |0.04 | |

 | | | | | | |

FoE: | | | | | | |

 Frankstown----------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Low strength |1.00 | Depth to hard |0.82 | |

 | | Shrink-swell |0.50 | bedrock | | |

 | | | | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | |

 | | | | | | |

FrB: | | | | | | |

 Frederick-----------| 80 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Not limited |

 | | Low strength |1.00 | Too clayey |1.00 | |

 | | Shrink-swell |0.50 | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | |

 | | Frost action |0.50 | | | |

 | | | | | | |

FrC: | | | | | | |

 Frederick-----------| 80 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Low strength |1.00 | Too clayey |1.00 | Slope |0.63

 | | Slope |0.63 | Slope |0.63 | |

 | | Shrink-swell |0.50 | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | |

 | | | | | | |

FrD: | | | | | | |

 Frederick-----------| 80 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Low strength |1.00 | Too clayey |1.00 | |

 | | Shrink-swell |0.50 | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | |

 | | | | | | |

FyC: | | | | | | |

 Frederick-----------| 45 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Low strength |1.00 | Too clayey |1.00 | Slope |0.04

 | | Shrink-swell |0.50 | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | |

 | | Frost action |0.50 | Slope |0.04 | |

 | | | | | | |

 Caneyville----------| 35 |Somewhat limited | |Very limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Shrink-swell |0.50 | Depth to hard |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |0.46

 | | Depth to hard |0.46 | bedrock | | Slope |0.04

 | | bedrock | | Too clayey |0.50 | Droughty |0.04

 | | Slope |0.04 | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | |

 | | | | | | |

FyE: | | | | | | |

 Frederick-----------| 40 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Low strength |1.00 | Too clayey |1.00 | |

 | | Shrink-swell |0.50 | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | |

 | | | | | | |

 Caneyville----------| 40 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Depth to hard |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Shrink-swell |0.50 | bedrock | | Depth to bedrock |0.46

 | | Frost action |0.50 | Slope |1.00 | Droughty |0.04

 | | | | Too clayey |0.50 | |

 | | | | | | |

GaC: | | | | | | |

 Gauley--------------| 85 |Somewhat limited | |Very limited | |Not rated |

 | | Frost action |0.50 | Depth to hard |1.00 | |

 | | Depth to hard |0.46 | bedrock | | |

 | | bedrock | | Large stones |0.37 | |

 | | Large stones |0.37 | content | | |

 | | content | | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | |
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

545

Table 12b.--Building Site Development--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 Map symbol |Pct.| Local roads and streets | Shallow excavations | Lawns and landscaping

 and soil name | of |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 |map | Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 |unit| limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

GaE: | | | | | | |

 Gauley--------------| 80 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Not rated |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Depth to hard |1.00 | |

 | | Frost action |0.50 | bedrock | | |

 | | Depth to hard |0.46 | Slope |1.00 | |

 | | bedrock | | Large stones |0.37 | |

 | | | | content | | |

 | | | | | | |

GnC: | | | | | | |

 Gilpin--------------| 75 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Not rated |

 | | Slope |0.63 | Slope |0.63 | |

 | | Frost action |0.50 | Depth to soft |0.46 | |

 | | | | bedrock | | |

 | | | | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | |

 | | | | | | |

GnD: | | | | | | |

 Gilpin--------------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Not rated |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | |

 | | Frost action |0.50 | Depth to soft |0.46 | |

 | | | | bedrock | | |

 | | | | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | |

 | | | | | | |

GpC: | | | | | | |

 Gilpin--------------| 75 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Not rated |

 | | Frost action |0.50 | Depth to soft |0.46 | |

 | | Slope |0.04 | bedrock | | |

 | | | | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | |

 | | | | Slope |0.04 | |

 | | | | | | |

GpE: | | | | | | |

 Gilpin--------------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Not rated |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | |

 | | Frost action |0.50 | Depth to soft |0.46 | |

 | | | | bedrock | | |

 | | | | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | |

 | | | | | | |

Ho: | | | | | | |

 Holly---------------| 90 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Flooding |1.00

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | Depth to |1.00

 | | Frost action |1.00 | Flooding |0.80 | saturated zone |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | |

 | | | | | | |

KxF: | | | | | | |

 Kaymine-------------| 70 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Frost action |0.50 | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | Gravel content |1.00

 | | | | | | Large stones |0.38

 | | | | | | content |

 | | | | | | |

 Rock outcrop--------| 15 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | |

LcC: | | | | | | |

 Leatherbark---------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Not rated |

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to hard |1.00 | |

 | | saturated zone | | bedrock | | |

 | | Low strength |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | |

 | | Shrink-swell |0.50 | saturated zone | | |

 | | | | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | |

 | | | | | | |
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

546

Table 12b.--Building Site Development--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 Map symbol |Pct.| Local roads and streets | Shallow excavations | Lawns and landscaping

 and soil name | of |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 |map | Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 |unit| limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

LgB: | | | | | | |

 Lily----------------| 85 |Somewhat limited | |Very limited | |Not rated |

 | | Depth to hard |0.46 | Depth to hard |1.00 | |

 | | bedrock | | bedrock | | |

 | | | | Cutbanks cave |1.00 | |

 | | | | | | |

LgC: | | | | | | |

 Lily----------------| 85 |Somewhat limited | |Very limited | |Not rated |

 | | Slope |0.63 | Depth to hard |1.00 | |

 | | Depth to hard |0.46 | bedrock | | |

 | | bedrock | | Cutbanks cave |1.00 | |

 | | | | Slope |0.63 | |

 | | | | | | |

LhE: | | | | | | |

 Lily----------------| 80 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Not rated |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Depth to hard |1.00 | |

 | | Depth to hard |0.46 | bedrock | | |

 | | bedrock | | Slope |1.00 | |

 | | | | Cutbanks cave |1.00 | |

 | | | | | | |

Lo: | | | | | | |

 Lobdell-------------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Frost action |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |0.60

 | | Flooding |1.00 | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | Depth to |0.60 | Cutbanks cave |1.00 | Flooding |0.60

 | | saturated zone | | Flooding |0.60 | |

 | | | | | | |

MaB: | | | | | | |

 Macove--------------| 85 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Not rated |

 | | Frost action |0.50 | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | |

 | | Large stones |0.02 | Large stones |0.02 | |

 | | content | | content | | |

 | | | | | | |

MaC: | | | | | | |

 Macove--------------| 85 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Not rated |

 | | Slope |0.63 | Slope |0.63 | |

 | | Frost action |0.50 | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | |

 | | Large stones |0.02 | Large stones |0.02 | |

 | | content | | content | | |

 | | | | | | |

MaD: | | | | | | |

 Macove--------------| 80 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Not rated |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | |

 | | Frost action |0.50 | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | |

 | | Large stones |0.02 | Large stones |0.02 | |

 | | content | | content | | |

 | | | | | | |

McC: | | | | | | |

 Macove--------------| 80 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Not rated |

 | | Frost action |0.50 | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | |

 | | Slope |0.04 | Slope |0.04 | |

 | | Large stones |0.02 | Large stones |0.02 | |

 | | content | | content | | |

 | | | | | | |

McE: | | | | | | |

 Macove--------------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Not rated |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | |

 | | Frost action |0.50 | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | |

 | | Large stones |0.02 | Large stones |0.02 | |

 | | content | | content | | |

 | | | | | | |
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

547

Table 12b.--Building Site Development--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 Map symbol |Pct.| Local roads and streets | Shallow excavations | Lawns and landscaping

 and soil name | of |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 |map | Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 |unit| limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

MeF: | | | | | | |

 Macove--------------| 55 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Not rated |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | |

 | | Frost action |0.50 | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | |

 | | Large stones |0.02 | Large stones |0.02 | |

 | | content | | content | | |

 | | | | | | |

 Gilpin--------------| 30 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Not rated |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | |

 | | Frost action |0.50 | Depth to soft |0.46 | |

 | | | | bedrock | | |

 | | | | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | |

 | | | | | | |

MkC: | | | | | | |

 Mandy---------------| 85 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Not rated |

 | | Slope |0.04 | Depth to soft |0.46 | |

 | | | | bedrock | | |

 | | | | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | |

 | | | | Slope |0.04 | |

 | | | | | | |

MkE: | | | | | | |

 Mandy---------------| 80 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Not rated |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | |

 | | | | Depth to soft |0.46 | |

 | | | | bedrock | | |

 | | | | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | |

 | | | | | | |

MkF: | | | | | | |

 Mandy---------------| 80 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Not rated |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | |

 | | | | Depth to soft |0.46 | |

 | | | | bedrock | | |

 | | | | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | |

 | | | | | | |

MkG: | | | | | | |

 Mandy---------------| 80 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Not rated |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | |

 | | | | Depth to soft |0.46 | |

 | | | | bedrock | | |

 | | | | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | |

 | | | | | | |

Ml: | | | | | | |

 Melvin--------------| 50 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Flooding |1.00

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | Depth to |1.00

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |0.80 | saturated zone |

 | | Low strength |1.00 | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | |

 | | | | | | |

 Lindside------------| 35 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Frost action |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Flooding |0.60

 | | Flooding |1.00 | saturated zone | | Depth to |0.03

 | | Low strength |1.00 | Flooding |0.60 | saturated zone |

 | | | | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | |

 | | | | | | |

MzC: | | | | | | |

 Mertz---------------| 75 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Not rated |

 | | Slope |0.63 | Slope |0.63 | |

 | | Frost action |0.50 | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | |

 | | | | | | |

MzE: | | | | | | |

 Mertz---------------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Not rated |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | |

 | | Frost action |0.50 | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | |
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

548

Table 12b.--Building Site Development--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 Map symbol |Pct.| Local roads and streets | Shallow excavations | Lawns and landscaping

 and soil name | of |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 |map | Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 |unit| limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

No: | | | | | | |

 Nolin---------------| 80 |Very limited | |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |0.60 | Flooding |0.60

 | | Low strength |1.00 | Depth to |0.35 | |

 | | | | saturated zone | | |

 | | | | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | |

 | | | | | | |

Ph: | | | | | | |

 Philo---------------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Flooding |0.60

 | | Frost action |0.50 | saturated zone | | Depth to |0.03

 | | Depth to |0.03 | Cutbanks cave |1.00 | saturated zone |

 | | saturated zone | | Flooding |0.60 | Large stones |0.01

 | | | | | | content |

 | | | | | | |

Po: | | | | | | |

 Pope----------------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Cutbanks cave |1.00 | Flooding |0.60

 | | Frost action |0.50 | Flooding |0.60 | |

 | | | | | | |

Pt: | | | | | | |

 Potomac-------------| 80 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Cutbanks cave |1.00 | Flooding |1.00

 | | | | Flooding |0.80 | Droughty |0.91

 | | | | | | |

PuA: | | | | | | |

 Purdy---------------| 80 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | Frost action |1.00 | Too clayey |0.24 | |

 | | Low strength |1.00 | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | |

 | | | | | | |

Qu: | | | | | | |

 Quarry--------------| 80 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | |

Se: | | | | | | |

 Sensabaugh----------| 80 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Cutbanks cave |1.00 | Flooding |0.60

 | | | | Flooding |0.60 | |

 | | | | Depth to |0.15 | |

 | | | | saturated zone | | |

 | | | | | | |

SfB: | | | | | | |

 Shouns--------------| 85 |Very limited | |Somewhat limited | |Not rated |

 | | Low strength |1.00 | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | |

 | | | | | | |

SfC: | | | | | | |

 Shouns--------------| 85 |Very limited | |Somewhat limited | |Not rated |

 | | Low strength |1.00 | Slope |0.63 | |

 | | Slope |0.63 | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | |

 | | | | | | |

ShC: | | | | | | |

 Shouns--------------| 80 |Very limited | |Somewhat limited | |Not rated |

 | | Low strength |1.00 | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | |

 | | Frost action |0.50 | Slope |0.04 | |

 | | Slope |0.04 | | | |

 | | | | | | |

ShE: | | | | | | |

 Shouns--------------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Not rated |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | |

 | | Low strength |1.00 | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | |

 | | Frost action |0.50 | | | |
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

549

Table 12b.--Building Site Development--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 Map symbol |Pct.| Local roads and streets | Shallow excavations | Lawns and landscaping

 and soil name | of |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 |map | Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 |unit| limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

ShF: | | | | | | |

 Shouns--------------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Not rated |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | |

 | | Low strength |1.00 | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | |

 | | Frost action |0.50 | | | |

 | | | | | | |

SmC: | | | | | | |

 Simoda--------------| 75 |Somewhat limited | |Very limited | |Not rated |

 | | Frost action |0.50 | Depth to |1.00 | |

 | | Depth to |0.19 | saturated zone | | |

 | | saturated zone | | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | |

 | | Slope |0.04 | Depth to hard |0.05 | |

 | | | | bedrock | | |

 | | | | | | |

SoC: | | | | | | |

 Snowdog-------------| 75 |Somewhat limited | |Very limited | |Not rated |

 | | Frost action |0.50 | Depth to |1.00 | |

 | | Depth to |0.19 | saturated zone | | |

 | | saturated zone | | Dense layer |0.50 | |

 | | Slope |0.04 | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | |

 | | | | | | |

SoE: | | | | | | |

 Snowdog-------------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Not rated |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | |

 | | Frost action |0.50 | Depth to |1.00 | |

 | | Depth to |0.19 | saturated zone | | |

 | | saturated zone | | Dense layer |0.50 | |

 | | | | | | |

SoF: | | | | | | |

 Snowdog-------------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Not rated |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | |

 | | Frost action |0.50 | Depth to |1.00 | |

 | | Depth to |0.19 | saturated zone | | |

 | | saturated zone | | Dense layer |0.50 | |

 | | | | | | |

SvC: | | | | | | |

 Summers-------------| 75 |Somewhat limited | |Very limited | |Not rated |

 | | Depth to hard |0.84 | Depth to hard |1.00 | |

 | | bedrock | | bedrock | | |

 | | Frost action |0.50 | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | |

 | | Slope |0.01 | Slope |0.01 | |

 | | | | | | |

Tp: | | | | | | |

 Tioga---------------| 55 |Very limited | |Somewhat limited | |Not rated |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |0.60 | |

 | | Frost action |0.50 | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | |

 | | | | | | |

 Potomac-------------| 35 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Cutbanks cave |1.00 | Flooding |1.00

 | | | | Flooding |0.80 | Droughty |0.91

 | | | | | | |

TrC: | | | | | | |

 Trussel-------------| 80 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Not rated |

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | |

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | |

 | | Frost action |1.00 | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | |

 | | Slope |0.04 | Slope |0.04 | |

 | | | | | | |

Uf: | | | | | | |

 Udifluvents---------| 45 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | |

 Fluvaquents---------| 35 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | |
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

550

Table 12b.--Building Site Development--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 Map symbol |Pct.| Local roads and streets | Shallow excavations | Lawns and landscaping

 and soil name | of |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 |map | Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 |unit| limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

Ux: | | | | | | |

 Udorthents----------| 60 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | |

 Rock outcrop--------| 35 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | |

WeC: | | | | | | |

 Weikert-------------| 80 |Somewhat limited | |Very limited | |Not rated |

 | | Depth to soft |1.00 | Depth to soft |1.00 | |

 | | bedrock | | bedrock | | |

 | | Slope |0.63 | Slope |0.63 | |

 | | Frost action |0.50 | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | |

 | | | | | | |

WeD: | | | | | | |

 Weikert-------------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Not rated |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Depth to soft |1.00 | |

 | | Depth to soft |1.00 | bedrock | | |

 | | bedrock | | Slope |1.00 | |

 | | Frost action |0.50 | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | |

 | | | | | | |

WeF: | | | | | | |

 Weikert-------------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Not rated |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Depth to soft |1.00 | |

 | | Depth to soft |1.00 | bedrock | | |

 | | bedrock | | Slope |1.00 | |

 | | Frost action |0.50 | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | |

 | | | | | | |

WrG: | | | | | | |

 Weikert-------------| 40 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Not rated |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Depth to soft |1.00 | |

 | | Depth to soft |1.00 | bedrock | | |

 | | bedrock | | Slope |1.00 | |

 | | Frost action |0.50 | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | |

 | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 35 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Not rated |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | |

 | | Large stones |0.03 | Depth to soft |0.46 | |

 | | content | | bedrock | | |

 | | | | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | |

 | | | | | | |

 Rough---------------| 15 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to hard |1.00 | Depth to hard |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | bedrock | | bedrock | | Slope |1.00

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Droughty |1.00

 | | Frost action |0.50 | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | |

 | | | | | | |

ZoA: | | | | | | |

 Zoar----------------| 80 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Low strength |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |0.19

 | | Shrink-swell |0.50 | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | Frost action |0.50 | Too clayey |0.24 | |

 | | | | Cutbanks cave |0.10 | |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

551

Table 13a.--Sanitary Facilities

(The information in this table indicates the dominant soil condition but does

 not eliminate the need for onsite investigation. The numbers in the

 value columns range from 0.01 to 1.00. The larger the value, the greater

 the limitation. See text for further explanation of ratings in this

 table.)

______________________________________________________________________________

 | | |

 |Pct.| Septic tank | Sewage lagoons

 Map symbol | of | absorption fields |

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | |

AlB: | | | | |

 Allegheny-----------| 90 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Slow water |0.50 | Slope |0.68

 | | movement | | Seepage |0.50

 | | | | |

AlC: | | | | |

 Allegheny-----------| 90 |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |0.63 | Slope |1.00

 | | Slow water |0.50 | Seepage |0.50

 | | movement | | |

 | | | | |

An: | | | | |

 Atkins--------------| 35 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Seepage |1.00

 | | | | |

 Philo---------------| 30 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Seepage |1.00

 | | saturated zone | | Depth to |1.00

 | | Seepage |1.00 | saturated zone |

 | | | | |

 Potomac-------------| 20 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Seepage |1.00

 | | Filtering |1.00 | |

 | | capacity | | |

 | | | | |

BaE: | | | | |

 Belmont-------------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.78 | Seepage |0.50

 | | Slow water |0.50 | Depth to hard |0.42

 | | movement | | bedrock |

 | | | | |

BcC: | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 80 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to soft |1.00

 | | Seepage |1.00 | bedrock |

 | | Slope |0.04 | Seepage |1.00

 | | | | Slope |1.00

 | | | | |

BcE: | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to soft |1.00

 | | Slope |1.00 | bedrock |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | | | Seepage |1.00

 | | | | |
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

552

Table 13a.--Sanitary Facilities--Continued

______________________________________________________________________________

 | | |

 |Pct.| Septic tank | Sewage lagoons

 Map symbol | of | absorption fields |

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | |

BcF: | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to soft |1.00

 | | Slope |1.00 | bedrock |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | | | Seepage |1.00

 | | | | |

BkG: | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 35 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to soft |1.00

 | | Slope |1.00 | bedrock |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | | | Seepage |1.00

 | | | | |

 Weikert-------------| 25 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to soft |1.00

 | | Slope |1.00 | bedrock |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | | | Seepage |1.00

 | | | | |

 Calvin--------------| 20 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to soft |1.00

 | | Slope |1.00 | bedrock |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | | | Seepage |1.00

 | | | | |

BlC: | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 60 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to soft |1.00

 | | Seepage |1.00 | bedrock |

 | | Slope |0.04 | Seepage |1.00

 | | | | Slope |1.00

 | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 30 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to hard |1.00

 | | Seepage |1.00 | bedrock |

 | | Large stones |0.19 | Seepage |1.00

 | | content | | Slope |1.00

 | | | | |

BlE: | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 55 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to soft |1.00

 | | Slope |1.00 | bedrock |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | | | Seepage |1.00

 | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 35 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to hard |1.00

 | | Slope |1.00 | bedrock |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | | | Seepage |1.00

 | | | | |

BlF: | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 45 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to soft |1.00

 | | Slope |1.00 | bedrock |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | | | Seepage |1.00

 | | | | |
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

553

Table 13a.--Sanitary Facilities--Continued

______________________________________________________________________________

 | | |

 |Pct.| Septic tank | Sewage lagoons

 Map symbol | of | absorption fields |

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | |

BlF: | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 40 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to hard |1.00

 | | Slope |1.00 | bedrock |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | | | Seepage |1.00

 | | | | |

BrE: | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 50 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to soft |1.00

 | | Slope |1.00 | bedrock |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | | | Seepage |1.00

 | | | | |

 Weikert-------------| 35 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to soft |1.00

 | | Slope |1.00 | bedrock |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | | | Seepage |1.00

 | | | | |

BrF: | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 50 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to soft |1.00

 | | Slope |1.00 | bedrock |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | | | Seepage |1.00

 | | | | |

 Weikert-------------| 35 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to soft |1.00

 | | Slope |1.00 | bedrock |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | | | Seepage |1.00

 | | | | |

BtC: | | | | |

 Blackthorn----------| 75 |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slow water |0.72 | Slope |1.00

 | | movement | | Seepage |1.00

 | | Slope |0.04 | Large stones |0.43

 | | | | content |

 | | | | |

BtE: | | | | |

 Blackthorn----------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Slow water |0.72 | Seepage |1.00

 | | movement | | Large stones |0.43

 | | | | content |

 | | | | |

BxF: | | | | |

 Briery--------------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Seepage |1.00

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | | | |

 Rock outcrop--------| 15 |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | |

CbC: | | | | |

 Calvin--------------| 45 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to soft |1.00

 | | Seepage |1.00 | bedrock |

 | | Slope |0.04 | Seepage |1.00

 | | | | Slope |1.00

 | | | | |
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

554

Table 13a.--Sanitary Facilities--Continued

______________________________________________________________________________

 | | |

 |Pct.| Septic tank | Sewage lagoons

 Map symbol | of | absorption fields |

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | |

CbC: | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 25 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to hard |1.00

 | | Seepage |1.00 | bedrock |

 | | Large stones |0.19 | Seepage |1.00

 | | content | | Slope |1.00

 | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 20 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to soft |1.00

 | | Seepage |1.00 | bedrock |

 | | Slope |0.04 | Seepage |1.00

 | | | | Slope |1.00

 | | | | |

CbE: | | | | |

 Calvin--------------| 35 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to soft |1.00

 | | Slope |1.00 | bedrock |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | | | Seepage |1.00

 | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 30 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to hard |1.00

 | | Slope |1.00 | bedrock |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | | | Seepage |1.00

 | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 20 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to soft |1.00

 | | Slope |1.00 | bedrock |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | | | Seepage |1.00

 | | | | |

CbF: | | | | |

 Calvin--------------| 35 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to soft |1.00

 | | Slope |1.00 | bedrock |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | | | Seepage |1.00

 | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 25 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to hard |1.00

 | | Slope |1.00 | bedrock |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | | | Seepage |1.00

 | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 20 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to soft |1.00

 | | Slope |1.00 | bedrock |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | | | Seepage |1.00

 | | | | |

CeF: | | | | |

 Caneyville----------| 40 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to hard |1.00

 | | Slope |1.00 | bedrock |

 | | | | Slope |1.00

 | | | | Seepage |0.21

 | | | | |
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

555

Table 13a.--Sanitary Facilities--Continued

______________________________________________________________________________

 | | |

 |Pct.| Septic tank | Sewage lagoons

 Map symbol | of | absorption fields |

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | |

CeF: | | | | |

 Frederick-----------| 30 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Slow water |0.50 | Seepage |0.50

 | | movement | | |

 | | | | |

 Rock outcrop--------| 20 |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | |

CfB: | | | | |

 Cateache------------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to soft |1.00

 | | Slow water |0.50 | bedrock |

 | | movement | | Slope |0.92

 | | | | Seepage |0.50

 | | | | |

CfC: | | | | |

 Cateache------------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to soft |1.00

 | | Slope |0.63 | bedrock |

 | | Slow water |0.50 | Slope |1.00

 | | movement | | Seepage |0.50

 | | | | |

CfD: | | | | |

 Cateache------------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to soft |1.00

 | | Slope |1.00 | bedrock |

 | | Slow water |0.50 | Slope |1.00

 | | movement | | Seepage |0.50

 | | | | |

CfE: | | | | |

 Cateache------------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to soft |1.00

 | | Slope |1.00 | bedrock |

 | | Slow water |0.50 | Slope |1.00

 | | movement | | Seepage |0.50

 | | | | |

CfF: | | | | |

 Cateache------------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to soft |1.00

 | | Slope |1.00 | bedrock |

 | | Slow water |0.50 | Slope |1.00

 | | movement | | Seepage |0.50

 | | | | |

CgC: | | | | |

 Cateache------------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to soft |1.00

 | | Slow water |0.50 | bedrock |

 | | movement | | Slope |1.00

 | | Slope |0.04 | Seepage |0.50

 | | | | |

CgE: | | | | |

 Cateache------------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to soft |1.00

 | | Slope |1.00 | bedrock |

 | | Slow water |0.50 | Slope |1.00

 | | movement | | Seepage |0.50

 | | | | |
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

556

Table 13a.--Sanitary Facilities--Continued

______________________________________________________________________________

 | | |

 |Pct.| Septic tank | Sewage lagoons

 Map symbol | of | absorption fields |

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | |

CgF: | | | | |

 Cateache------------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to soft |1.00

 | | Slope |1.00 | bedrock |

 | | Slow water |0.50 | Slope |1.00

 | | movement | | Seepage |0.50

 | | | | |

Ch: | | | | |

 Chavies-------------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Seepage |1.00

 | | Flooding |0.40 | Flooding |0.40

 | | | | |

CpB: | | | | |

 Cookport------------| 80 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slow water |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | | movement | | saturated zone |

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Slope |0.82

 | | saturated zone | | Seepage |0.50

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.47 | |

 | | | | |

CuB: | | | | |

 Culleoka------------| 90 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to soft |1.00

 | | Seepage |1.00 | bedrock |

 | | | | Seepage |1.00

 | | | | Slope |0.82

 | | | | |

CuC: | | | | |

 Culleoka------------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to soft |1.00

 | | Seepage |1.00 | bedrock |

 | | Slope |0.63 | Slope |1.00

 | | | | Seepage |1.00

 | | | | |

CuD: | | | | |

 Culleoka------------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to soft |1.00

 | | Slope |1.00 | bedrock |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | | | Seepage |1.00

 | | | | |

CyE: | | | | |

 Culleoka------------| 80 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to soft |1.00

 | | Slope |1.00 | bedrock |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | | | Seepage |1.00

 | | | | |

CyF: | | | | |

 Culleoka------------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to soft |1.00

 | | Slope |1.00 | bedrock |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | | | Seepage |1.00

 | | | | |

DeC: | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to hard |1.00

 | | Seepage |1.00 | bedrock |

 | | Large stones |0.19 | Seepage |1.00

 | | content | | Slope |1.00

 | | | | |
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

557

Table 13a.--Sanitary Facilities--Continued

______________________________________________________________________________

 | | |

 |Pct.| Septic tank | Sewage lagoons

 Map symbol | of | absorption fields |

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | |

DeE: | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to hard |1.00

 | | Slope |1.00 | bedrock |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | | | Seepage |1.00

 | | | | |

DeF: | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to hard |1.00

 | | Slope |1.00 | bedrock |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | | | Seepage |1.00

 | | | | |

DhC: | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 55 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to hard |1.00

 | | Seepage |1.00 | bedrock |

 | | Large stones |0.19 | Seepage |1.00

 | | content | | Slope |1.00

 | | | | |

 Hazleton------------| 35 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Seepage |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.69 | Slope |1.00

 | | Large stones |0.17 | Large stones |0.56

 | | content | | content |

 | | | | |

DhE: | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 55 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to hard |1.00

 | | Slope |1.00 | bedrock |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | | | Seepage |1.00

 | | | | |

 Hazleton------------| 35 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Seepage |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.69 | Large stones |0.56

 | | | | content |

 | | | | |

DhF: | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 55 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to hard |1.00

 | | Slope |1.00 | bedrock |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | | | Seepage |1.00

 | | | | |

 Hazleton------------| 35 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Seepage |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.69 | Large stones |0.56

 | | | | content |

 | | | | |

DkF: | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 45 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to hard |1.00

 | | Slope |1.00 | bedrock |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | | | Seepage |1.00

 | | | | |

 Rock outcrop--------| 40 |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | |
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

558

Table 13a.--Sanitary Facilities--Continued

______________________________________________________________________________

 | | |

 |Pct.| Septic tank | Sewage lagoons

 Map symbol | of | absorption fields |

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | |

Du: | | | | |

 Dunning-------------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Ponding |1.00

 | | Slow water |1.00 | Flooding |1.00

 | | movement | | Depth to |1.00

 | | Ponding |1.00 | saturated zone |

 | | | | |

ElF: | | | | |

 Elliber-------------| 80 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Seepage |1.00

 | | | | |

ErB: | | | | |

 Ernest--------------| 80 |Very limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Slope |0.92

 | | saturated zone | | Depth to |0.83

 | | Slow water |1.00 | saturated zone |

 | | movement | | Seepage |0.50

 | | | | |

EsC: | | | | |

 Ernest--------------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | saturated zone | | Depth to |0.83

 | | Slow water |1.00 | saturated zone |

 | | movement | | Seepage |0.50

 | | Slope |0.04 | |

 | | | | |

FaE: | | | | |

 Faywood-------------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to hard |1.00

 | | Slope |1.00 | bedrock |

 | | Slow water |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | movement | | |

 | | | | |

FaF: | | | | |

 Faywood-------------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to hard |1.00

 | | Slope |1.00 | bedrock |

 | | Slow water |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | movement | | |

 | | | | |

FkB: | | | | |

 Frankstown----------| 75 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.93 | Slope |0.92

 | | Slow water |0.50 | Depth to hard |0.82

 | | movement | | bedrock |

 | | | | Seepage |0.50

 | | | | |

FkC: | | | | |

 Frankstown----------| 75 |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.93 | Slope |1.00

 | | Slope |0.63 | Depth to hard |0.82

 | | Slow water |0.50 | bedrock |

 | | movement | | Seepage |0.50

 | | | | |

FkD: | | | | |

 Frankstown----------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.93 | Depth to hard |0.82

 | | Slow water |0.50 | bedrock |

 | | movement | | Seepage |0.50

 | | | | |
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

559

Table 13a.--Sanitary Facilities--Continued

______________________________________________________________________________

 | | |

 |Pct.| Septic tank | Sewage lagoons

 Map symbol | of | absorption fields |

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | |

FoC: | | | | |

 Frankstown----------| 75 |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.93 | Slope |1.00

 | | Slow water |0.50 | Depth to hard |0.82

 | | movement | | bedrock |

 | | Slope |0.04 | Seepage |0.50

 | | | | |

FoE: | | | | |

 Frankstown----------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.93 | Depth to hard |0.82

 | | Slow water |0.50 | bedrock |

 | | movement | | Seepage |0.50

 | | | | |

FrB: | | | | |

 Frederick-----------| 80 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Slow water |0.50 | Slope |0.92

 | | movement | | Seepage |0.50

 | | | | |

FrC: | | | | |

 Frederick-----------| 80 |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |0.63 | Slope |1.00

 | | Slow water |0.50 | Seepage |0.50

 | | movement | | |

 | | | | |

FrD: | | | | |

 Frederick-----------| 80 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Slow water |0.50 | Seepage |0.50

 | | movement | | |

 | | | | |

FyC: | | | | |

 Frederick-----------| 45 |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slow water |0.50 | Slope |1.00

 | | movement | | Seepage |0.50

 | | Slope |0.04 | |

 | | | | |

 Caneyville----------| 35 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to hard |1.00

 | | Slope |0.04 | bedrock |

 | | | | Slope |1.00

 | | | | Seepage |0.21

 | | | | |

FyE: | | | | |

 Frederick-----------| 40 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Slow water |0.50 | Seepage |0.50

 | | movement | | |

 | | | | |

 Caneyville----------| 40 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to hard |1.00

 | | Slope |1.00 | bedrock |

 | | | | Slope |1.00

 | | | | Seepage |0.21

 | | | | |

GaC: | | | | |

 Gauley--------------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to hard |1.00

 | | Seepage |1.00 | bedrock |

 | | Large stones |0.37 | Seepage |1.00

 | | content | | Large stones |1.00

 | | | | content |
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

560

Table 13a.--Sanitary Facilities--Continued

______________________________________________________________________________

 | | |

 |Pct.| Septic tank | Sewage lagoons

 Map symbol | of | absorption fields |

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | |

GaE: | | | | |

 Gauley--------------| 80 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to hard |1.00

 | | Slope |1.00 | bedrock |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | | | Seepage |1.00

 | | | | |

GnC: | | | | |

 Gilpin--------------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to soft |1.00

 | | Slope |0.63 | bedrock |

 | | | | Slope |1.00

 | | | | Seepage |0.50

 | | | | |

GnD: | | | | |

 Gilpin--------------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to soft |1.00

 | | Slope |1.00 | bedrock |

 | | | | Slope |1.00

 | | | | Seepage |0.50

 | | | | |

GpC: | | | | |

 Gilpin--------------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to soft |1.00

 | | Slope |0.04 | bedrock |

 | | | | Slope |1.00

 | | | | Seepage |0.50

 | | | | |

GpE: | | | | |

 Gilpin--------------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to soft |1.00

 | | Slope |1.00 | bedrock |

 | | | | Slope |1.00

 | | | | Seepage |0.50

 | | | | |

Ho: | | | | |

 Holly---------------| 90 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Seepage |1.00

 | | | | |

KxF: | | | | |

 Kaymine-------------| 70 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Seepage |1.00

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | | | |

 Rock outcrop--------| 15 |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | |

LcC: | | | | |

 Leatherbark---------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to hard |1.00

 | | Depth to |1.00 | bedrock |

 | | saturated zone | | Depth to |1.00

 | | Slow water |1.00 | saturated zone |

 | | movement | | Slope |1.00

 | | | | |
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

561

Table 13a.--Sanitary Facilities--Continued

______________________________________________________________________________

 | | |

 |Pct.| Septic tank | Sewage lagoons

 Map symbol | of | absorption fields |

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | |

LgB: | | | | |

 Lily----------------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to hard |1.00

 | | Seepage |1.00 | bedrock |

 | | | | Seepage |1.00

 | | | | Slope |0.92

 | | | | |

LgC: | | | | |

 Lily----------------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to hard |1.00

 | | Seepage |1.00 | bedrock |

 | | Slope |0.63 | Slope |1.00

 | | | | Seepage |1.00

 | | | | |

LhE: | | | | |

 Lily----------------| 80 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to hard |1.00

 | | Slope |1.00 | bedrock |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | | | Seepage |1.00

 | | | | |

Lo: | | | | |

 Lobdell-------------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Seepage |1.00

 | | | | |

MaB: | | | | |

 Macove--------------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Seepage |1.00

 | | Large stones |0.02 | Slope |0.92

 | | content | | |

 | | | | |

MaC: | | | | |

 Macove--------------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Slope |0.63 | Seepage |1.00

 | | Large stones |0.02 | |

 | | content | | |

 | | | | |

MaD: | | | | |

 Macove--------------| 80 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Seepage |1.00

 | | Large stones |0.02 | |

 | | content | | |

 | | | | |

McC: | | | | |

 Macove--------------| 80 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Seepage |1.00

 | | Slope |0.04 | Slope |1.00

 | | Large stones |0.02 | |

 | | content | | |

 | | | | |

McE: | | | | |

 Macove--------------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Seepage |1.00

 | | Large stones |0.02 | |

 | | content | | |

 | | | | |
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

562

Table 13a.--Sanitary Facilities--Continued

______________________________________________________________________________

 | | |

 |Pct.| Septic tank | Sewage lagoons

 Map symbol | of | absorption fields |

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | |

MeF: | | | | |

 Macove--------------| 55 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Seepage |1.00

 | | Large stones |0.02 | |

 | | content | | |

 | | | | |

 Gilpin--------------| 30 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to soft |1.00

 | | Slope |1.00 | bedrock |

 | | | | Slope |1.00

 | | | | Seepage |0.50

 | | | | |

MkC: | | | | |

 Mandy---------------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to soft |1.00

 | | Slow water |0.50 | bedrock |

 | | movement | | Slope |1.00

 | | Slope |0.04 | Seepage |0.50

 | | | | |

MkE: | | | | |

 Mandy---------------| 80 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to soft |1.00

 | | Slope |1.00 | bedrock |

 | | Slow water |0.50 | Slope |1.00

 | | movement | | Seepage |0.50

 | | | | |

MkF: | | | | |

 Mandy---------------| 80 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to soft |1.00

 | | Slope |1.00 | bedrock |

 | | Slow water |0.50 | Slope |1.00

 | | movement | | Seepage |0.50

 | | | | |

MkG: | | | | |

 Mandy---------------| 80 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to soft |1.00

 | | Slope |1.00 | bedrock |

 | | Slow water |0.50 | Slope |1.00

 | | movement | | Seepage |0.50

 | | | | |

Ml: | | | | |

 Melvin--------------| 50 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | Slow water |0.50 | Seepage |0.50

 | | movement | | |

 | | | | |

 Lindside------------| 35 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Seepage |0.27

 | | | | |

MzC: | | | | |

 Mertz---------------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slow water |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | movement | | |

 | | Slope |0.63 | |

 | | | | |
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

563

Table 13a.--Sanitary Facilities--Continued

______________________________________________________________________________

 | | |

 |Pct.| Septic tank | Sewage lagoons

 Map symbol | of | absorption fields |

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | |

MzE: | | | | |

 Mertz---------------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Slow water |1.00 | |

 | | movement | | |

 | | | | |

No: | | | | |

 Nolin---------------| 80 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00

 | | Depth to |0.84 | Seepage |0.50

 | | saturated zone | | Depth to |0.17

 | | Slow water |0.50 | saturated zone |

 | | movement | | |

 | | | | |

Ph: | | | | |

 Philo---------------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Seepage |1.00

 | | saturated zone | | Depth to |1.00

 | | Seepage |1.00 | saturated zone |

 | | | | |

Po: | | | | |

 Pope----------------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Seepage |1.00

 | | | | |

Pt: | | | | |

 Potomac-------------| 80 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Seepage |1.00

 | | Filtering |1.00 | |

 | | capacity | | |

 | | | | |

PuA: | | | | |

 Purdy---------------| 80 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slow water |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | | movement | | saturated zone |

 | | Depth to |1.00 | |

 | | saturated zone | | |

 | | | | |

Qu: | | | | |

 Quarry--------------| 80 |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | |

Se: | | | | |

 Sensabaugh----------| 80 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Seepage |1.00

 | | Depth to |0.40 | |

 | | saturated zone | | |

 | | | | |

SfB: | | | | |

 Shouns--------------| 85 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Slow water |0.50 | Slope |0.92

 | | movement | | Seepage |0.50

 | | | | |

SfC: | | | | |

 Shouns--------------| 85 |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |0.63 | Slope |1.00

 | | Slow water |0.50 | Seepage |0.50

 | | movement | | |

 | | | | |
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

564

Table 13a.--Sanitary Facilities--Continued

______________________________________________________________________________

 | | |

 |Pct.| Septic tank | Sewage lagoons

 Map symbol | of | absorption fields |

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | |

ShC: | | | | |

 Shouns--------------| 80 |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slow water |0.50 | Slope |1.00

 | | movement | | Seepage |0.50

 | | Slope |0.04 | |

 | | | | |

ShE: | | | | |

 Shouns--------------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Slow water |0.50 | Seepage |0.50

 | | movement | | |

 | | | | |

ShF: | | | | |

 Shouns--------------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Slow water |0.50 | Seepage |0.50

 | | movement | | |

 | | | | |

SmC: | | | | |

 Simoda--------------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slow water |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | | movement | | saturated zone |

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | saturated zone | | Seepage |0.50

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.47 | |

 | | | | |

SoC: | | | | |

 Snowdog-------------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | Slow water |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | movement | | Seepage |1.00

 | | Seepage |1.00 | |

 | | | | |

SoE: | | | | |

 Snowdog-------------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | saturated zone | | Depth to |1.00

 | | Slope |1.00 | saturated zone |

 | | Slow water |1.00 | Seepage |1.00

 | | movement | | |

 | | | | |

SoF: | | | | |

 Snowdog-------------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | saturated zone | | Depth to |1.00

 | | Slope |1.00 | saturated zone |

 | | Slow water |1.00 | Seepage |1.00

 | | movement | | |

 | | | | |

SvC: | | | | |

 Summers-------------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to hard |1.00

 | | Seepage |1.00 | bedrock |

 | | Slope |0.01 | Seepage |1.00

 | | | | Slope |1.00

 | | | | |

Tp: | | | | |

 Tioga---------------| 55 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Seepage |1.00

 | | | | |
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

565

Table 13a.--Sanitary Facilities--Continued

______________________________________________________________________________

 | | |

 |Pct.| Septic tank | Sewage lagoons

 Map symbol | of | absorption fields |

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | |

Tp: | | | | |

 Potomac-------------| 35 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Seepage |1.00

 | | Filtering |1.00 | |

 | | capacity | | |

 | | | | |

TrC: | | | | |

 Trussel-------------| 80 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | Slow water |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | movement | | Seepage |0.50

 | | Slope |0.04 | |

 | | | | |

Uf: | | | | |

 Udifluvents---------| 45 |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | |

 Fluvaquents---------| 35 |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | |

Ux: | | | | |

 Udorthents----------| 60 |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | |

 Rock outcrop--------| 35 |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | |

WeC: | | | | |

 Weikert-------------| 80 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to soft |1.00

 | | Seepage |1.00 | bedrock |

 | | Slope |0.63 | Slope |1.00

 | | | | Seepage |1.00

 | | | | |

WeD: | | | | |

 Weikert-------------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to soft |1.00

 | | Slope |1.00 | bedrock |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | | | Seepage |1.00

 | | | | |

WeF: | | | | |

 Weikert-------------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to soft |1.00

 | | Slope |1.00 | bedrock |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | | | Seepage |1.00

 | | | | |

WrG: | | | | |

 Weikert-------------| 40 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to soft |1.00

 | | Slope |1.00 | bedrock |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | | | Seepage |1.00

 | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 35 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to soft |1.00

 | | Slope |1.00 | bedrock |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | | | Seepage |1.00

 | | | | |
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

566

Table 13a.--Sanitary Facilities--Continued

______________________________________________________________________________

 | | |

 |Pct.| Septic tank | Sewage lagoons

 Map symbol | of | absorption fields |

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | |

WrG: | | | | |

 Rough---------------| 15 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to hard |1.00

 | | Slope |1.00 | bedrock |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | | | Large stones |0.46

 | | | | content |

 | | | | |

ZoA: | | | | |

 Zoar----------------| 80 |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slow water |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | | movement | | saturated zone |

 | | Depth to |1.00 | |

 | | saturated zone | | |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

567

Table 13b.--Sanitary Facilities

(The information in this table indicates the dominant soil condition but does not eliminate the need for

 onsite investigation. The numbers in the value columns range from 0.01 to 1.00. The larger the

 value, the greater the limitation. See text for further explanation of ratings in this table.)

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 Map symbol |Pct.| Trench sanitary landfill| Area sanitary landfill | Daily cover for landfill

 and soil name | of |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 |map | Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 |unit| limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

AlB: | | | | | | |

 Allegheny-----------| 90 |Somewhat limited | |Not limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Too clayey |0.50 | | | Too clayey |0.50

 | | | | | | |

AlC: | | | | | | |

 Allegheny-----------| 90 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Slope |0.63 | Slope |0.63 | Slope |0.63

 | | Too clayey |0.50 | | | Too clayey |0.50

 | | | | | | |

An: | | | | | | |

 Atkins--------------| 35 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | saturated zone |

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | Too clayey |0.50

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Seepage |1.00 | Seepage |0.13

 | | | | | | |

 Philo---------------| 30 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00 | Depth to |0.68

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | saturated zone |

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Seepage |1.00 | |

 | | | | | | |

 Potomac-------------| 20 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00 | Seepage |1.00

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Seepage |1.00 | Gravel content |1.00

 | | Too sandy |0.50 | | | Too sandy |0.50

 | | | | | | |

BaE: | | | | | | |

 Belmont-------------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |0.42 | Too clayey |1.00

 | | Too clayey |1.00 | | | Depth to bedrock |0.42

 | | | | | | |

BcC: | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 80 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Seepage |1.00 | Seepage |0.21

 | | Slope |0.04 | Slope |0.04 | Gravel content |0.06

 | | | | | | |

BcE: | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Seepage |1.00 | Seepage |0.21

 | | | | | | |

BcF: | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Seepage |1.00 | Seepage |0.21

 | | | | | | |

BkG: | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 35 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Seepage |1.00 | Seepage |0.21

 | | | | | | |
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

568

Table 13b.--Sanitary Facilities--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 Map symbol |Pct.| Trench sanitary landfill| Area sanitary landfill | Daily cover for landfill

 and soil name | of |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 |map | Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 |unit| limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

BkG: | | | | | | |

 Weikert-------------| 25 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Seepage |1.00 | | | Seepage |0.50

 | | | | | | |

 Calvin--------------| 20 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Seepage |1.00 | Seepage |0.50

 | | | | | | |

BlC: | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 60 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Seepage |1.00 | Seepage |0.21

 | | Slope |0.04 | Slope |0.04 | Gravel content |0.06

 | | | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 30 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Seepage |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Seepage |1.00

 | | Large stones |0.19 | Slope |0.04 | Large stones |0.19

 | | content | | | | content |

 | | | | | | |

BlE: | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 55 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Seepage |1.00 | Seepage |0.21

 | | | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 35 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Seepage |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Seepage |1.00

 | | | | | | |

BlF: | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 45 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Seepage |1.00 | Seepage |0.21

 | | | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 40 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Seepage |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Seepage |1.00

 | | | | | | |

BrE: | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 50 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Seepage |1.00 | Seepage |0.21

 | | | | | | |

 Weikert-------------| 35 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Seepage |1.00 | | | Seepage |0.50

 | | | | | | |

BrF: | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 50 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Seepage |1.00 | Seepage |0.21

 | | | | | | |
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

569

Table 13b.--Sanitary Facilities--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 Map symbol |Pct.| Trench sanitary landfill| Area sanitary landfill | Daily cover for landfill

 and soil name | of |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 |map | Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 |unit| limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

BrF: | | | | | | |

 Weikert-------------| 35 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Seepage |1.00 | | | Seepage |0.50

 | | | | | | |

BtC: | | | | | | |

 Blackthorn----------| 75 |Somewhat limited | |Very limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Slope |0.04 | Seepage |1.00 | Seepage |0.21

 | | | | Slope |0.04 | Slope |0.04

 | | | | | | |

BtE: | | | | | | |

 Blackthorn----------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | | | Seepage |1.00 | Seepage |0.21

 | | | | | | |

BxF: | | | | | | |

 Briery--------------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Gravel content |1.00

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Seepage |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Too clayey |0.50 | | | Too clayey |0.50

 | | | | | | |

 Rock outcrop--------| 15 |Not rated | |Very limited | |Not rated |

 | | | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | |

 | | | | Slope |1.00 | |

 | | | | | | |

CbC: | | | | | | |

 Calvin--------------| 45 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Seepage |1.00 | Seepage |0.50

 | | Slope |0.04 | Slope |0.04 | Slope |0.04

 | | | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 25 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Seepage |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Seepage |1.00

 | | Large stones |0.19 | Slope |0.04 | Large stones |0.19

 | | content | | | | content |

 | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 20 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Seepage |1.00 | Seepage |0.21

 | | Slope |0.04 | Slope |0.04 | Gravel content |0.06

 | | | | | | |

CbE: | | | | | | |

 Calvin--------------| 35 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Seepage |1.00 | Seepage |0.50

 | | | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 30 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Seepage |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Seepage |1.00

 | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 20 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Seepage |1.00 | Seepage |0.21

 | | | | | | |
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

570

Table 13b.--Sanitary Facilities--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 Map symbol |Pct.| Trench sanitary landfill| Area sanitary landfill | Daily cover for landfill

 and soil name | of |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 |map | Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 |unit| limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

CbF: | | | | | | |

 Calvin--------------| 35 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Seepage |1.00 | Seepage |0.50

 | | | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 25 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Seepage |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Seepage |1.00

 | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 20 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Seepage |1.00 | Seepage |0.21

 | | | | | | |

CeF: | | | | | | |

 Caneyville----------| 40 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Too clayey |1.00 | | | Too clayey |1.00

 | | | | | | |

 Frederick-----------| 30 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Too clayey |1.00 | | | Too clayey |1.00

 | | | | | | Hard to compact |1.00

 | | | | | | |

 Rock outcrop--------| 20 |Not rated | |Very limited | |Not rated |

 | | | | Slope |1.00 | |

 | | | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | |

 | | | | | | |

CfB: | | | | | | |

 Cateache------------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Too clayey |0.50 | | | Too clayey |0.50

 | | | | | | Gravel content |0.34

 | | | | | | |

CfC: | | | | | | |

 Cateache------------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Slope |0.63 | Slope |0.63 | Slope |0.63

 | | Too clayey |0.50 | | | Too clayey |0.50

 | | | | | | |

CfD: | | | | | | |

 Cateache------------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Too clayey |0.50 | | | Too clayey |0.50

 | | | | | | |

CfE: | | | | | | |

 Cateache------------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Too clayey |0.50 | | | Too clayey |0.50

 | | | | | | |

CfF: | | | | | | |

 Cateache------------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Too clayey |0.50 | | | Too clayey |0.50

 | | | | | | |
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

571

Table 13b.--Sanitary Facilities--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 Map symbol |Pct.| Trench sanitary landfill| Area sanitary landfill | Daily cover for landfill

 and soil name | of |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 |map | Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 |unit| limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

CgC: | | | | | | |

 Cateache------------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Too clayey |0.50 | Slope |0.04 | Too clayey |0.50

 | | Slope |0.04 | | | Gravel content |0.34

 | | | | | | |

CgE: | | | | | | |

 Cateache------------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Too clayey |0.50 | | | Too clayey |0.50

 | | | | | | |

CgF: | | | | | | |

 Cateache------------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Too clayey |0.50 | | | Too clayey |0.50

 | | | | | | |

Ch: | | | | | | |

 Chavies-------------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Seepage |1.00 | Seepage |0.50

 | | Flooding |0.40 | Flooding |0.40 | |

 | | | | | | |

CpB: | | | | | | |

 Cookport------------| 80 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |0.05 | Depth to bedrock |0.05

 | | | | | | |

CuB: | | | | | | |

 Culleoka------------| 90 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Seepage |1.00 | Seepage |0.21

 | | | | | | |

CuC: | | | | | | |

 Culleoka------------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Seepage |1.00 | Slope |0.63

 | | Slope |0.63 | Slope |0.63 | Seepage |0.21

 | | | | | | |

CuD: | | | | | | |

 Culleoka------------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Seepage |1.00 | Seepage |0.21

 | | | | | | |

CyE: | | | | | | |

 Culleoka------------| 80 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Seepage |1.00 | Seepage |0.21

 | | | | | | |

CyF: | | | | | | |

 Culleoka------------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Seepage |1.00 | Seepage |0.21

 | | | | | | |
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

572

Table 13b.--Sanitary Facilities--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 Map symbol |Pct.| Trench sanitary landfill| Area sanitary landfill | Daily cover for landfill

 and soil name | of |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 |map | Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 |unit| limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

DeC: | | | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Seepage |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Seepage |1.00

 | | Large stones |0.19 | Slope |0.04 | Large stones |0.19

 | | content | | | | content |

 | | | | | | |

DeE: | | | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Seepage |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Seepage |1.00

 | | | | | | |

DeF: | | | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Seepage |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Seepage |1.00

 | | | | | | |

DhC: | | | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 55 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Seepage |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Seepage |1.00

 | | Large stones |0.19 | Slope |0.04 | Large stones |0.19

 | | content | | | | content |

 | | | | | | |

 Hazleton------------| 35 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Seepage |1.00 | Seepage |1.00

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |0.26 | Large stones |0.41

 | | Large stones |0.41 | Slope |0.04 | content |

 | | content | | | | Depth to bedrock |0.26

 | | | | | | |

DhE: | | | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 55 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Seepage |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Seepage |1.00

 | | | | | | |

 Hazleton------------| 35 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Seepage |1.00 | Seepage |1.00

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |0.26 | Large stones |0.41

 | | | | | | content |

 | | | | | | |

DhF: | | | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 55 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Seepage |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Seepage |1.00

 | | | | | | |

 Hazleton------------| 35 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Seepage |1.00 | Seepage |1.00

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |0.26 | Large stones |0.41

 | | | | | | content |

 | | | | | | |

DkF: | | | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 45 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Seepage |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Seepage |1.00

 | | | | | | |
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

573

Table 13b.--Sanitary Facilities--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 Map symbol |Pct.| Trench sanitary landfill| Area sanitary landfill | Daily cover for landfill

 and soil name | of |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 |map | Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 |unit| limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

DkF: | | | | | | |

 Rock outcrop--------| 40 |Not rated | |Very limited | |Not rated |

 | | | | Slope |1.00 | |

 | | | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | |

 | | | | | | |

Du: | | | | | | |

 Dunning-------------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00 | Ponding |1.00

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Ponding |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | | saturated zone | | Depth to |1.00 | saturated zone |

 | | Ponding |1.00 | saturated zone | | Too clayey |1.00

 | | | | | | |

ElF: | | | | | | |

 Elliber-------------| 80 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Seepage |1.00 | Gravel content |0.59

 | | | | | | Seepage |0.21

 | | | | | | |

ErB: | | | | | | |

 Ernest--------------| 80 |Very limited | |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |0.83 | Depth to |0.91

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | | | | | Too clayey |0.50

 | | | | | | |

EsC: | | | | | | |

 Ernest--------------| 75 |Very limited | |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |0.83 | Depth to |0.91

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | Slope |0.04 | Slope |0.04 | Too clayey |0.50

 | | | | | | Slope |0.04

 | | | | | | |

FaE: | | | | | | |

 Faywood-------------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Too clayey |0.50 | | | Too clayey |0.50

 | | | | | | |

FaF: | | | | | | |

 Faywood-------------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Too clayey |0.50 | | | Too clayey |0.50

 | | | | | | |

FkB: | | | | | | |

 Frankstown----------| 75 |Very limited | |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |0.82 | Depth to bedrock |0.82

 | | Too clayey |0.50 | | | Gravel content |0.64

 | | | | | | Too clayey |0.50

 | | | | | | |

FkC: | | | | | | |

 Frankstown----------| 75 |Very limited | |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |0.82 | Depth to bedrock |0.82

 | | Slope |0.63 | Slope |0.63 | Gravel content |0.64

 | | Too clayey |0.50 | | | Slope |0.63

 | | | | | | |

FkD: | | | | | | |

 Frankstown----------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |0.82 | Depth to bedrock |0.82

 | | Too clayey |0.50 | | | Gravel content |0.64

 | | | | | | |
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

574

Table 13b.--Sanitary Facilities--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 Map symbol |Pct.| Trench sanitary landfill| Area sanitary landfill | Daily cover for landfill

 and soil name | of |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 |map | Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 |unit| limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

FoC: | | | | | | |

 Frankstown----------| 75 |Very limited | |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |0.82 | Depth to bedrock |0.82

 | | Too clayey |0.50 | Slope |0.04 | Gravel content |0.64

 | | Slope |0.04 | | | Too clayey |0.50

 | | | | | | |

FoE: | | | | | | |

 Frankstown----------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |0.82 | Depth to bedrock |0.82

 | | Too clayey |0.50 | | | Gravel content |0.64

 | | | | | | |

FrB: | | | | | | |

 Frederick-----------| 80 |Very limited | |Not limited | |Very limited |

 | | Too clayey |1.00 | | | Too clayey |1.00

 | | | | | | Hard to compact |1.00

 | | | | | | |

FrC: | | | | | | |

 Frederick-----------| 80 |Very limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Too clayey |1.00 | Slope |0.63 | Too clayey |1.00

 | | Slope |0.63 | | | Hard to compact |1.00

 | | | | | | Slope |0.63

 | | | | | | |

FrD: | | | | | | |

 Frederick-----------| 80 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Too clayey |1.00 | | | Too clayey |1.00

 | | | | | | Hard to compact |1.00

 | | | | | | |

FyC: | | | | | | |

 Frederick-----------| 45 |Very limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Too clayey |1.00 | Slope |0.04 | Too clayey |1.00

 | | Slope |0.04 | | | Hard to compact |1.00

 | | | | | | Slope |0.04

 | | | | | | |

 Caneyville----------| 35 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Too clayey |1.00 | Slope |0.04 | Too clayey |1.00

 | | Slope |0.04 | | | Hard to compact |1.00

 | | | | | | |

FyE: | | | | | | |

 Frederick-----------| 40 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Too clayey |1.00 | | | Too clayey |1.00

 | | | | | | Hard to compact |1.00

 | | | | | | |

 Caneyville----------| 40 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Too clayey |1.00 | | | Too clayey |1.00

 | | | | | | |

GaC: | | | | | | |

 Gauley--------------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Seepage |1.00 | Seepage |0.50

 | | Large stones |0.37 | Slope |0.04 | Large stones |0.37

 | | content | | | | content |

 | | | | | | |

GaE: | | | | | | |

 Gauley--------------| 80 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Seepage |1.00 | Seepage |0.50
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

575

Table 13b.--Sanitary Facilities--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 Map symbol |Pct.| Trench sanitary landfill| Area sanitary landfill | Daily cover for landfill

 and soil name | of |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 |map | Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 |unit| limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

GnC: | | | | | | |

 Gilpin--------------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Slope |0.63 | Slope |0.63 | Slope |0.63

 | | | | | | Gravel content |0.58

 | | | | | | |

GnD: | | | | | | |

 Gilpin--------------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | | | | | Gravel content |0.58

 | | | | | | |

GpC: | | | | | | |

 Gilpin--------------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Slope |0.04 | Slope |0.04 | Gravel content |0.58

 | | | | | | Slope |0.04

 | | | | | | |

GpE: | | | | | | |

 Gilpin--------------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | | | | | Gravel content |0.58

 | | | | | | |

Ho: | | | | | | |

 Holly---------------| 90 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | saturated zone |

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | | | |

 | | | | | | |

KxF: | | | | | | |

 Kaymine-------------| 70 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Gravel content |1.00

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Seepage |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | | | | | Seepage |0.21

 | | | | | | |

 Rock outcrop--------| 15 |Not rated | |Very limited | |Not rated |

 | | | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | |

 | | | | Slope |1.00 | |

 | | | | | | |

LcC: | | | | | | |

 Leatherbark---------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | Depth to |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | saturated zone |

 | | Too clayey |0.50 | Slope |0.01 | Too clayey |0.50

 | | | | | | |

LgB: | | | | | | |

 Lily----------------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Seepage |1.00 | Seepage |0.50

 | | | | | | |

LgC: | | | | | | |

 Lily----------------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Seepage |1.00 | Slope |0.63

 | | Slope |0.63 | Slope |0.63 | Seepage |0.50

 | | | | | | |
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

576

Table 13b.--Sanitary Facilities--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 Map symbol |Pct.| Trench sanitary landfill| Area sanitary landfill | Daily cover for landfill

 and soil name | of |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 |map | Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 |unit| limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

LhE: | | | | | | |

 Lily----------------| 80 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Seepage |1.00 | Seepage |0.50

 | | | | | | |

Lo: | | | | | | |

 Lobdell-------------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00 | Depth to |0.99

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | saturated zone |

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | Gravel content |0.60

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Seepage |1.00 | Seepage |0.21

 | | | | | | |

MaB: | | | | | | |

 Macove--------------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Seepage |1.00 | Seepage |0.50

 | | Too clayey |0.50 | | | Too clayey |0.50

 | | Large stones |0.16 | | | Large stones |0.16

 | | content | | | | content |

 | | | | | | |

MaC: | | | | | | |

 Macove--------------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Seepage |1.00 | Slope |0.63

 | | Slope |0.63 | Slope |0.63 | Seepage |0.50

 | | Too clayey |0.50 | | | Too clayey |0.50

 | | | | | | |

MaD: | | | | | | |

 Macove--------------| 80 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Seepage |1.00 | Seepage |0.50

 | | Too clayey |0.50 | | | Too clayey |0.50

 | | | | | | |

McC: | | | | | | |

 Macove--------------| 80 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Seepage |1.00 | Seepage |0.50

 | | Too clayey |0.50 | Slope |0.04 | Too clayey |0.50

 | | Large stones |0.16 | | | Large stones |0.16

 | | content | | | | content |

 | | | | | | |

McE: | | | | | | |

 Macove--------------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Seepage |1.00 | Seepage |0.50

 | | Too clayey |0.50 | | | Too clayey |0.50

 | | | | | | |

MeF: | | | | | | |

 Macove--------------| 55 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Seepage |1.00 | Seepage |0.50

 | | Too clayey |0.50 | | | Too clayey |0.50

 | | | | | | |

 Gilpin--------------| 30 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | | | | | Gravel content |0.58

 | | | | | | |

MkC: | | | | | | |

 Mandy---------------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Slope |0.04 | Slope |0.04 | Gravel content |0.29

 | | | | | | Slope |0.04

 | | | | | | |
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

577

Table 13b.--Sanitary Facilities--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 Map symbol |Pct.| Trench sanitary landfill| Area sanitary landfill | Daily cover for landfill

 and soil name | of |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 |map | Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 |unit| limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

MkE: | | | | | | |

 Mandy---------------| 80 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | | | | | Gravel content |0.29

 | | | | | | |

MkF: | | | | | | |

 Mandy---------------| 80 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | | | | | Gravel content |0.29

 | | | | | | |

MkG: | | | | | | |

 Mandy---------------| 80 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | | | | | Gravel content |0.29

 | | | | | | |

Ml: | | | | | | |

 Melvin--------------| 50 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | saturated zone |

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | |

 | | | | | | |

 Lindside------------| 35 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00 | Depth to |0.68

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | saturated zone |

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | | | |

 | | | | | | |

MzC: | | | | | | |

 Mertz---------------| 75 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Slope |0.63 | Slope |0.63 | Gravel content |0.75

 | | Too clayey |0.50 | | | Slope |0.63

 | | | | | | Too clayey |0.50

 | | | | | | |

MzE: | | | | | | |

 Mertz---------------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Too clayey |0.50 | | | Gravel content |0.75

 | | | | | | Too clayey |0.50

 | | | | | | |

No: | | | | | | |

 Nolin---------------| 80 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Not limited |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00 | |

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | |

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | |

 | | | | | | |

Ph: | | | | | | |

 Philo---------------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00 | Depth to |0.68

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | saturated zone |

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Seepage |1.00 | |

 | | | | | | |

Po: | | | | | | |

 Pope----------------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00 | Seepage |0.21

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Seepage |1.00 | |

 | | | | | | |
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

578

Table 13b.--Sanitary Facilities--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 Map symbol |Pct.| Trench sanitary landfill| Area sanitary landfill | Daily cover for landfill

 and soil name | of |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 |map | Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 |unit| limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

Pt: | | | | | | |

 Potomac-------------| 80 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00 | Seepage |1.00

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Seepage |1.00 | Gravel content |1.00

 | | Too sandy |0.50 | | | Too sandy |0.50

 | | | | | | |

 Purdy---------------| 80 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | Too clayey |1.00 | | | Too clayey |1.00

 | | | | | | Hard to compact |1.00

 | | | | | | |

Qu: | | | | | | |

 Quarry--------------| 80 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | |

Se: | | | | | | |

 Sensabaugh----------| 80 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00 | Gravel content |1.00

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Seepage |0.21

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Seepage |1.00 | |

 | | | | | | |

SfB: | | | | | | |

 Shouns--------------| 85 |Somewhat limited | |Not limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Too clayey |0.50 | | | Gravel content |0.92

 | | | | | | Too clayey |0.50

 | | | | | | |

SfC: | | | | | | |

 Shouns--------------| 85 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Slope |0.63 | Slope |0.63 | Gravel content |0.92

 | | Too clayey |0.50 | | | Slope |0.63

 | | | | | | Too clayey |0.50

 | | | | | | |

ShC: | | | | | | |

 Shouns--------------| 80 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Too clayey |0.50 | Slope |0.04 | Gravel content |0.92

 | | Slope |0.04 | | | Too clayey |0.50

 | | | | | | Slope |0.04

 | | | | | | |

ShE: | | | | | | |

 Shouns--------------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Too clayey |0.50 | | | Gravel content |0.92

 | | | | | | Too clayey |0.50

 | | | | | | |

ShF: | | | | | | |

 Shouns--------------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Too clayey |0.50 | | | Gravel content |0.92

 | | | | | | Too clayey |0.50

 | | | | | | |

SmC: | | | | | | |

 Simoda--------------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |0.86

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |0.05 | Too clayey |0.50

 | | Too clayey |0.50 | Slope |0.04 | Gravel content |0.45

 | | | | | | |
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

579

Table 13b.--Sanitary Facilities--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 Map symbol |Pct.| Trench sanitary landfill| Area sanitary landfill | Daily cover for landfill

 and soil name | of |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 |map | Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 |unit| limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

SoC: | | | | | | |

 Snowdog-------------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |0.86

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Slope |0.04 | Seepage |0.21

 | | Slope |0.04 | | | Slope |0.04

 | | | | | | |

SoE: | | | | | | |

 Snowdog-------------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | saturated zone | | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |0.86

 | | Slope |1.00 | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | | | Seepage |0.21

 | | | | | | |

SoF: | | | | | | |

 Snowdog-------------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | saturated zone | | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |0.86

 | | Slope |1.00 | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | | | Seepage |0.21

 | | | | | | |

SvC: | | | | | | |

 Summers-------------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Seepage |1.00 | Seepage |0.50

 | | Slope |0.01 | Slope |0.01 | Gravel content |0.10

 | | | | | | |

Tp: | | | | | | |

 Tioga---------------| 55 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00 | Seepage |1.00

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Seepage |1.00 | |

 | | | | | | |

 Potomac-------------| 35 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00 | Seepage |1.00

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Seepage |1.00 | Gravel content |1.00

 | | Too sandy |0.50 | | | Too sandy |0.50

 | | | | | | |

TrC: | | | | | | |

 Trussel-------------| 80 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | Slope |0.04 | Slope |0.04 | Gravel content |0.23

 | | | | | | Slope |0.04

 | | | | | | |

Uf: | | | | | | |

 Udifluvents---------| 45 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | |

 Fluvaquents---------| 35 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | |

Ux: | | | | | | |

 Udorthents----------| 60 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | |

 Rock outcrop--------| 35 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | |

WeC: | | | | | | |

 Weikert-------------| 80 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Slope |0.63 | Slope |0.63

 | | Slope |0.63 | | | Seepage |0.50

 | | | | | | |
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

580

Table 13b.--Sanitary Facilities--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 Map symbol |Pct.| Trench sanitary landfill| Area sanitary landfill | Daily cover for landfill

 and soil name | of |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 |map | Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 |unit| limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

WeD: | | | | | | |

 Weikert-------------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Seepage |1.00 | | | Seepage |0.50

 | | | | | | |

WeF: | | | | | | |

 Weikert-------------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Seepage |1.00 | | | Seepage |0.50

 | | | | | | |

WrG: | | | | | | |

 Weikert-------------| 40 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Seepage |1.00 | | | Seepage |0.50

 | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 35 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Seepage |1.00 | Seepage |0.21

 | | | | | | |

 Rough---------------| 15 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | Seepage |1.00 | | | Seepage |1.00

 | | | | | | |

ZoA: | | | | | | |

 Zoar----------------| 80 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |0.86

 | | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | Too clayey |0.50 | | | Too clayey |0.50

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

581

Table 14a.--Construction Materials

(The information in this table indicates the dominant soil condition but does

 not eliminate the need for onsite investigation. The ratings given for

 the thickest layer are for the thickest layer above and excluding the

 bottom layer. The numbers in the value columns range from 0.00 to 0.99.

 The greater the value, the greater the likelihood that the bottom layer

 or thickest layer of the soil is a source of sand or gravel. See text for

 further explanation of ratings in this table.)

______________________________________________________________________________

 | | |

 Map symbol |Pct.| Potential source of | Potential source of

 and soil name | of | gravel | sand

 |map |_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class |Value| Rating class |Value

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | |

AlB: | | | | |

 Allegheny-----------| 90 |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00

 | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00

 | | | | |

AlC: | | | | |

 Allegheny-----------| 90 |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00

 | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00

 | | | | |

An: | | | | |

 Atkins--------------| 35 |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00

 | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00

 | | | | |

 Philo---------------| 30 |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00

 | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00

 | | | | |

 Potomac-------------| 20 |Fair | |Fair |

 | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00

 | | Bottom layer |0.07 | Bottom layer |0.08

 | | | | |

BaE: | | | | |

 Belmont-------------| 75 |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00

 | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00

 | | | | |

BcC: | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 80 |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00

 | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00

 | | | | |

BcE: | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 75 |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00

 | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00

 | | | | |

BcF: | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 75 |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00

 | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00

 | | | | |

BkG: | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 35 |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00

 | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00

 | | | | |

 Weikert-------------| 25 |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00

 | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00

 | | | | |

 Calvin--------------| 20 |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00

 | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

582

Table 14a.--Construction Materials--Continued

______________________________________________________________________________

 | | |

 Map symbol |Pct.| Potential source of | Potential source of

 and soil name | of | gravel | sand

 |map |_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class |Value| Rating class |Value

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | |

BlC: | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 60 |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00

 | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00

 | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 30 |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00

 | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00

 | | | | |

BlE: | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 55 |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00

 | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00

 | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 35 |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00

 | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00

 | | | | |

BlF: | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 45 |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00

 | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00

 | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 40 |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00

 | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00

 | | | | |

BrE: | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 50 |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00

 | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00

 | | | | |

 Weikert-------------| 35 |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00

 | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00

 | | | | |

BrF: | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 50 |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00

 | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00

 | | | | |

 Weikert-------------| 35 |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00

 | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00

 | | | | |

BtC: | | | | |

 Blackthorn----------| 75 |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00

 | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00

 | | | | |

BtE: | | | | |

 Blackthorn----------| 75 |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00

 | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00

 | | | | |

BxF: | | | | |

 Briery--------------| 75 |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00

 | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00

 | | | | |

 Rock outcrop--------| 15 |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | |
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

583

Table 14a.--Construction Materials--Continued

______________________________________________________________________________

 | | |

 Map symbol |Pct.| Potential source of | Potential source of

 and soil name | of | gravel | sand

 |map |_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class |Value| Rating class |Value

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | |

CbC: | | | | |

 Calvin--------------| 45 |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00

 | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00

 | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 25 |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00

 | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00

 | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 20 |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00

 | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00

 | | | | |

CbE: | | | | |

 Calvin--------------| 35 |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00

 | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00

 | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 30 |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00

 | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00

 | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 20 |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00

 | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00

 | | | | |

CbF: | | | | |

 Calvin--------------| 35 |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00

 | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00

 | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 25 |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00

 | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00

 | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 20 |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00

 | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00

 | | | | |

CeF: | | | | |

 Caneyville----------| 40 |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00

 | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00

 | | | | |

 Frederick-----------| 30 |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00

 | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00

 | | | | |

 Rock outcrop--------| 20 |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | |

CfB: | | | | |

 Cateache------------| 85 |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00

 | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00

 | | | | |

CfC: | | | | |

 Cateache------------| 85 |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00

 | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00

 | | | | |
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

584

Table 14a.--Construction Materials--Continued

______________________________________________________________________________

 | | |

 Map symbol |Pct.| Potential source of | Potential source of

 and soil name | of | gravel | sand

 |map |_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class |Value| Rating class |Value

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | |

CfD: | | | | |

 Cateache------------| 85 |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00

 | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00

 | | | | |

CfE: | | | | |

 Cateache------------| 85 |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00

 | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00

 | | | | |

CfF: | | | | |

 Cateache------------| 85 |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00

 | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00

 | | | | |

CgC: | | | | |

 Cateache------------| 85 |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00

 | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00

 | | | | |

CgE: | | | | |

 Cateache------------| 85 |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00

 | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00

 | | | | |

CgF: | | | | |

 Cateache------------| 85 |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00

 | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00

 | | | | |

Ch: | | | | |

 Chavies-------------| 85 |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00

 | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00

 | | | | |

CpB: | | | | |

 Cookport------------| 80 |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00

 | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00

 | | | | |

CuB: | | | | |

 Culleoka------------| 90 |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00

 | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00

 | | | | |

CuC: | | | | |

 Culleoka------------| 85 |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00

 | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00

 | | | | |

CuD: | | | | |

 Culleoka------------| 85 |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00

 | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00

 | | | | |

CyE: | | | | |

 Culleoka------------| 80 |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00

 | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00

 | | | | |
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

585

Table 14a.--Construction Materials--Continued

______________________________________________________________________________

 | | |

 Map symbol |Pct.| Potential source of | Potential source of

 and soil name | of | gravel | sand

 |map |_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class |Value| Rating class |Value

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | |

CyF: | | | | |

 Culleoka------------| 75 |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00

 | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00

 | | | | |

DeC: | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 75 |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00

 | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00

 | | | | |

DeE: | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 75 |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00

 | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00

 | | | | |

DeF: | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 75 |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00

 | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00

 | | | | |

DhC: | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 55 |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00

 | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00

 | | | | |

 Hazleton------------| 35 |Poor | |Fair |

 | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00

 | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.02

 | | | | |

DhE: | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 55 |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00

 | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00

 | | | | |

 Hazleton------------| 35 |Poor | |Fair |

 | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00

 | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.02

 | | | | |

DhF: | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 55 |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00

 | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00

 | | | | |

 Hazleton------------| 35 |Poor | |Fair |

 | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00

 | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.02

 | | | | |

DkF: | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 45 |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00

 | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00

 | | | | |

 Rock outcrop--------| 40 |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | |

Du: | | | | |

 Dunning-------------| 85 |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00

 | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00

 | | | | |

ElF: | | | | |

 Elliber-------------| 80 |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00

 | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

586

Table 14a.--Construction Materials--Continued

______________________________________________________________________________

 | | |

 Map symbol |Pct.| Potential source of | Potential source of

 and soil name | of | gravel | sand

 |map |_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class |Value| Rating class |Value

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | |

ErB: | | | | |

 Ernest--------------| 80 |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00

 | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00

 | | | | |

EsC: | | | | |

 Ernest--------------| 75 |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00

 | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00

 | | | | |

FaE: | | | | |

 Faywood-------------| 75 |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00

 | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00

 | | | | |

FaF: | | | | |

 Faywood-------------| 75 |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00

 | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00

 | | | | |

FkB: | | | | |

 Frankstown----------| 75 |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00

 | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00

 | | | | |

FkC: | | | | |

 Frankstown----------| 75 |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00

 | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00

 | | | | |

FkD: | | | | |

 Frankstown----------| 75 |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00

 | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00

 | | | | |

FoC: | | | | |

 Frankstown----------| 75 |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00

 | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00

 | | | | |

FoE: | | | | |

 Frankstown----------| 75 |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00

 | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00

 | | | | |

FrB: | | | | |

 Frederick-----------| 80 |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00

 | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00

 | | | | |

FrC: | | | | |

 Frederick-----------| 80 |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00

 | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00

 | | | | |

FrD: | | | | |

 Frederick-----------| 80 |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00

 | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00

 | | | | |
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

587

Table 14a.--Construction Materials--Continued

______________________________________________________________________________

 | | |

 Map symbol |Pct.| Potential source of | Potential source of

 and soil name | of | gravel | sand

 |map |_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class |Value| Rating class |Value

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | |

FyC: | | | | |

 Frederick-----------| 45 |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00

 | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00

 | | | | |

 Caneyville----------| 35 |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00

 | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00

 | | | | |

FyE: | | | | |

 Frederick-----------| 40 |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00

 | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00

 | | | | |

 Caneyville----------| 40 |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00

 | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00

 | | | | |

GaC: | | | | |

 Gauley--------------| 85 |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00

 | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00

 | | | | |

GaE: | | | | |

 Gauley--------------| 80 |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00

 | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00

 | | | | |

GnC: | | | | |

 Gilpin--------------| 75 |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00

 | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00

 | | | | |

GnD: | | | | |

 Gilpin--------------| 75 |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00

 | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00

 | | | | |

GpC: | | | | |

 Gilpin--------------| 75 |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00

 | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00

 | | | | |

GpE: | | | | |

 Gilpin--------------| 75 |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00

 | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00

 | | | | |

Ho: | | | | |

 Holly---------------| 90 |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00

 | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00

 | | | | |

KxF: | | | | |

 Kaymine-------------| 70 |Fair | |Poor |

 | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00

 | | Thickest layer |0.10 | Thickest layer |0.00

 | | | | |

 Rock outcrop--------| 15 |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | |
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

588

Table 14a.--Construction Materials--Continued

______________________________________________________________________________

 | | |

 Map symbol |Pct.| Potential source of | Potential source of

 and soil name | of | gravel | sand

 |map |_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class |Value| Rating class |Value

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | |

LcC: | | | | |

 Leatherbark---------| 85 |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00

 | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00

 | | | | |

LgB: | | | | |

 Lily----------------| 85 |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00

 | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00

 | | | | |

LgC: | | | | |

 Lily----------------| 85 |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00

 | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00

 | | | | |

LhE: | | | | |

 Lily----------------| 80 |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00

 | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00

 | | | | |

Lo: | | | | |

 Lobdell-------------| 75 |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00

 | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00

 | | | | |

MaB: | | | | |

 Macove--------------| 85 |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00

 | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00

 | | | | |

MaC: | | | | |

 Macove--------------| 85 |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00

 | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00

 | | | | |

MaD: | | | | |

 Macove--------------| 80 |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00

 | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00

 | | | | |

McC: | | | | |

 Macove--------------| 80 |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00

 | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00

 | | | | |

McE: | | | | |

 Macove--------------| 75 |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00

 | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00

 | | | | |

MeF: | | | | |

 Macove--------------| 55 |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00

 | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00

 | | | | |

 Gilpin--------------| 30 |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00

 | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00

 | | | | |

MkC: | | | | |

 Mandy---------------| 85 |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00

 | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

589

Table 14a.--Construction Materials--Continued

______________________________________________________________________________

 | | |

 Map symbol |Pct.| Potential source of | Potential source of

 and soil name | of | gravel | sand

 |map |_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class |Value| Rating class |Value

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | |

MkE: | | | | |

 Mandy---------------| 80 |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00

 | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00

 | | | | |

MkF: | | | | |

 Mandy---------------| 80 |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00

 | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00

 | | | | |

MkG: | | | | |

 Mandy---------------| 80 |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00

 | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00

 | | | | |

Ml: | | | | |

 Melvin--------------| 50 |Poor | |Fair |

 | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00

 | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.01

 | | | | |

 Lindside------------| 35 |Poor | |Fair |

 | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00

 | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.04

 | | | | |

MzC: | | | | |

 Mertz---------------| 75 |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00

 | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00

 | | | | |

MzE: | | | | |

 Mertz---------------| 75 |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00

 | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00

 | | | | |

No: | | | | |

 Nolin---------------| 80 |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00

 | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00

 | | | | |

Ph: | | | | |

 Philo---------------| 75 |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00

 | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00

 | | | | |

Po: | | | | |

 Pope----------------| 75 |Poor | |Fair |

 | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00

 | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.01

 | | | | |

Pt: | | | | |

 Potomac-------------| 80 |Fair | |Fair |

 | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00

 | | Bottom layer |0.07 | Bottom layer |0.08

 | | | | |

PuA: | | | | |

 Purdy---------------| 80 |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00

 | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00

 | | | | |

Qu: | | | | |

 Quarry--------------| 80 |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | |
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

590

Table 14a.--Construction Materials--Continued

______________________________________________________________________________

 | | |

 Map symbol |Pct.| Potential source of | Potential source of

 and soil name | of | gravel | sand

 |map |_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class |Value| Rating class |Value

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | |

Se: | | | | |

 Sensabaugh----------| 80 |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00

 | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00

 | | | | |

SfB: | | | | |

 Shouns--------------| 85 |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00

 | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00

 | | | | |

SfC: | | | | |

 Shouns--------------| 85 |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00

 | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00

 | | | | |

ShC: | | | | |

 Shouns--------------| 80 |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00

 | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00

 | | | | |

ShE: | | | | |

 Shouns--------------| 75 |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00

 | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00

 | | | | |

ShF: | | | | |

 Shouns--------------| 75 |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00

 | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00

 | | | | |

SmC: | | | | |

 Simoda--------------| 75 |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00

 | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00

 | | | | |

SoC: | | | | |

 Snowdog-------------| 75 |Poor | |Fair |

 | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00

 | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.02

 | | | | |

SoE: | | | | |

 Snowdog-------------| 75 |Poor | |Fair |

 | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00

 | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.02

 | | | | |

SoF: | | | | |

 Snowdog-------------| 75 |Poor | |Fair |

 | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00

 | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.02

 | | | | |

SvC: | | | | |

 Summers-------------| 75 |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00

 | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00

 | | | | |

Tp: | | | | |

 Tioga---------------| 55 |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00

 | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00

 | | | | |

 Potomac-------------| 35 |Fair | |Fair |

 | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00

 | | Bottom layer |0.07 | Bottom layer |0.08
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

591

Table 14a.--Construction Materials--Continued

______________________________________________________________________________

 | | |

 Map symbol |Pct.| Potential source of | Potential source of

 and soil name | of | gravel | sand

 |map |_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class |Value| Rating class |Value

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | |

TrC: | | | | |

 Trussel-------------| 80 |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00

 | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00

 | | | | |

Uf: | | | | |

 Udifluvents---------| 45 |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | |

 Fluvaquents---------| 35 |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | |

Ux: | | | | |

 Udorthents----------| 60 |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | |

 | | | | |

 Rock outcrop--------| 35 |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | |

WeC: | | | | |

 Weikert-------------| 80 |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00

 | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00

 | | | | |

WeD: | | | | |

 Weikert-------------| 75 |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00

 | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00

 | | | | |

WeF: | | | | |

 Weikert-------------| 75 |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00

 | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00

 | | | | |

WrG: | | | | |

 Weikert-------------| 40 |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00

 | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00

 | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 35 |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00

 | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00

 | | | | |

 Rough---------------| 15 |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00

 | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00

 | | | | |

ZoA: | | | | |

 Zoar----------------| 80 |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Thickest layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00

 | | Bottom layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

592

Table 14b.--Construction Materials

(The information in this table indicates the dominant soil condition but does not eliminate the need for

 onsite investigation. The numbers in the value columns range from 0.00 to 0.99. The smaller the

 value, the greater the limitation. See text for further explanation of ratings in this table.)

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 |Pct.| Potential source of | Potential source of | Potential source of

 Map symbol | of | reclamation material | roadfill | topsoil

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

AlB: | | | | | | |

 Allegheny-----------| 90 |Poor | |Good | |Fair |

 | | Too acid |0.00 | | | Too acid |0.59

 | | Organic matter |0.82 | | | Hard to reclaim |0.68

 | | content low | | | | (rock fragments)|

 | | | | | | Rock fragments |0.92

 | | | | | | |

AlC: | | | | | | |

 Allegheny-----------| 90 |Poor | |Good | |Fair |

 | | Too acid |0.00 | | | Slope |0.37

 | | Organic matter |0.82 | | | Too acid |0.59

 | | content low | | | | Hard to reclaim |0.68

 | | | | | | (rock fragments)|

 | | | | | | |

An: | | | | | | |

 Atkins--------------| 35 |Fair | |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Too acid |0.50 | Wetness depth |0.00 | Wetness depth |0.00

 | | Organic matter |0.96 | | | Hard to reclaim |0.32

 | | content low | | | | (rock fragments)|

 | | | | | | Too acid |0.88

 | | | | | | |

 Philo---------------| 30 |Fair | |Fair | |Poor |

 | | Organic matter |0.50 | Wetness depth |0.76 | Hard to reclaim |0.00

 | | content low | | | | (dense layer) |

 | | Too acid |0.54 | | | Hard to reclaim |0.32

 | | Water erosion |0.99 | | | (rock fragments)|

 | | | | | | Wetness depth |0.76

 | | | | | | |

 Potomac-------------| 20 |Fair | |Good | |Poor |

 | | Droughty |0.11 | | | Hard to reclaim |0.00

 | | Too sandy |0.22 | | | (rock fragments)|

 | | Organic matter |0.78 | | | Rock fragments |0.00

 | | content low | | | | Too sandy |0.22

 | | | | | | |

BaE: | | | | | | |

 Belmont-------------| 75 |Poor | |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Too clayey |0.00 | Slope |0.00 | Slope |0.00

 | | Organic matter |0.23 | Depth to bedrock |0.58 | Too clayey |0.00

 | | content low | | Shrink-swell |0.87 | Hard to reclaim |0.00

 | | Too acid |0.50 | | | (rock fragments)|

 | | | | | | |

BcC: | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 80 |Poor | |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Droughty |0.00 | Depth to bedrock |0.00 | Rock fragments |0.00

 | | Too acid |0.50 | Cobble content |0.50 | Depth to bedrock |0.54

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.54 | | | Too acid |0.92

 | | | | | | |

BcE: | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 75 |Poor | |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Droughty |0.00 | Depth to bedrock |0.00 | Slope |0.00

 | | Too acid |0.50 | Slope |0.00 | Rock fragments |0.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.54 | Cobble content |0.50 | Depth to bedrock |0.54

 | | | | | | |

BcF: | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 75 |Poor | |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Droughty |0.00 | Depth to bedrock |0.00 | Slope |0.00

 | | Too acid |0.50 | Slope |0.00 | Rock fragments |0.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.54 | Cobble content |0.50 | Depth to bedrock |0.54
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

593

Table 14b.--Construction Materials--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 |Pct.| Potential source of | Potential source of | Potential source of

 Map symbol | of | reclamation material | roadfill | topsoil

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

BkG: | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 35 |Poor | |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Droughty |0.00 | Depth to bedrock |0.00 | Slope |0.00

 | | Too acid |0.50 | Slope |0.00 | Rock fragments |0.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.54 | Cobble content |0.50 | Depth to bedrock |0.54

 | | | | | | |

 Weikert-------------| 25 |Poor | |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Droughty |0.00 | Depth to bedrock |0.00 | Slope |0.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.00 | Slope |0.00 | Rock fragments |0.00

 | | Too acid |0.50 | Cobble content |0.71 | Depth to bedrock |0.00

 | | | | | | |

 Calvin--------------| 20 |Fair | |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Droughty |0.06 | Depth to bedrock |0.00 | Slope |0.00

 | | Organic matter |0.12 | Slope |0.00 | Rock fragments |0.00

 | | content low | | Cobble content |0.83 | Depth to bedrock |0.54

 | | Too acid |0.50 | | | |

 | | | | | | |

BlC: | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 60 |Poor | |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Droughty |0.00 | Depth to bedrock |0.00 | Rock fragments |0.00

 | | Too acid |0.50 | Cobble content |0.50 | Depth to bedrock |0.54

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.54 | | | Too acid |0.92

 | | | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 30 |Poor | |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Droughty |0.00 | Depth to bedrock |0.00 | Rock fragments |0.00

 | | Too acid |0.50 | Cobble content |0.04 | Depth to bedrock |0.54

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.54 | | | Too acid |0.59

 | | | | | | |

BlE: | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 55 |Poor | |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Droughty |0.00 | Depth to bedrock |0.00 | Slope |0.00

 | | Too acid |0.50 | Slope |0.00 | Rock fragments |0.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.54 | Cobble content |0.50 | Depth to bedrock |0.54

 | | | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 35 |Poor | |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Droughty |0.00 | Depth to bedrock |0.00 | Slope |0.00

 | | Too acid |0.50 | Slope |0.00 | Rock fragments |0.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.54 | Cobble content |0.04 | Depth to bedrock |0.54

 | | | | | | |

BlF: | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 45 |Poor | |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Droughty |0.00 | Depth to bedrock |0.00 | Slope |0.00

 | | Too acid |0.50 | Slope |0.00 | Rock fragments |0.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.54 | Cobble content |0.50 | Depth to bedrock |0.54

 | | | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 40 |Poor | |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Droughty |0.00 | Depth to bedrock |0.00 | Slope |0.00

 | | Too acid |0.50 | Slope |0.00 | Rock fragments |0.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.54 | Cobble content |0.04 | Depth to bedrock |0.54

 | | | | | | |

BrE: | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 50 |Poor | |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Droughty |0.00 | Depth to bedrock |0.00 | Slope |0.00

 | | Too acid |0.50 | Slope |0.00 | Rock fragments |0.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.54 | Cobble content |0.50 | Depth to bedrock |0.54

 | | | | | | |

 Weikert-------------| 35 |Poor | |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Droughty |0.00 | Depth to bedrock |0.00 | Slope |0.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.00 | Slope |0.00 | Rock fragments |0.00

 | | Too acid |0.50 | Cobble content |0.71 | Depth to bedrock |0.00

 | | | | | | |
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

594

Table 14b.--Construction Materials--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 |Pct.| Potential source of | Potential source of | Potential source of

 Map symbol | of | reclamation material | roadfill | topsoil

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

BrF: | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 50 |Poor | |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Droughty |0.00 | Depth to bedrock |0.00 | Slope |0.00

 | | Too acid |0.50 | Slope |0.00 | Rock fragments |0.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.54 | Cobble content |0.50 | Depth to bedrock |0.54

 | | | | | | |

 Weikert-------------| 35 |Poor | |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Droughty |0.00 | Depth to bedrock |0.00 | Slope |0.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.00 | Slope |0.00 | Rock fragments |0.00

 | | Too acid |0.50 | Cobble content |0.71 | Depth to bedrock |0.00

 | | | | | | |

BtC: | | | | | | |

 Blackthorn----------| 75 |Fair | |Fair | |Poor |

 | | Too acid |0.03 | Cobble content |0.80 | Rock fragments |0.00

 | | Organic matter |0.88 | | | Slope |0.96

 | | content low | | | | Too acid |0.98

 | | | | | | |

BtE: | | | | | | |

 Blackthorn----------| 75 |Fair | |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Too acid |0.03 | Slope |0.00 | Slope |0.00

 | | Organic matter |0.88 | Cobble content |0.80 | Rock fragments |0.00

 | | content low | | | | Too acid |0.98

 | | | | | | |

BxF: | | | | | | |

 Briery--------------| 75 |Fair | |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Organic matter |0.02 | Slope |0.00 | Rock fragments |0.00

 | | content low | | Cobble content |0.98 | Hard to reclaim |0.00

 | | | | | | (rock fragments)|

 | | | | | | Slope |0.00

 | | | | | | |

 Rock outcrop--------| 15 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | |

CbC: | | | | | | |

 Calvin--------------| 45 |Fair | |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Droughty |0.06 | Depth to bedrock |0.00 | Rock fragments |0.00

 | | Organic matter |0.12 | Cobble content |0.83 | Depth to bedrock |0.54

 | | content low | | | | Slope |0.96

 | | Too acid |0.50 | | | |

 | | | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 25 |Poor | |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Droughty |0.00 | Depth to bedrock |0.00 | Rock fragments |0.00

 | | Too acid |0.50 | Cobble content |0.04 | Depth to bedrock |0.54

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.54 | | | Too acid |0.59

 | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 20 |Poor | |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Droughty |0.00 | Depth to bedrock |0.00 | Rock fragments |0.00

 | | Too acid |0.50 | Cobble content |0.50 | Depth to bedrock |0.54

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.54 | | | Too acid |0.92

 | | | | | | |

CbE: | | | | | | |

 Calvin--------------| 35 |Fair | |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Droughty |0.06 | Depth to bedrock |0.00 | Slope |0.00

 | | Organic matter |0.12 | Slope |0.00 | Rock fragments |0.00

 | | content low | | Cobble content |0.83 | Depth to bedrock |0.54

 | | Too acid |0.50 | | | |

 | | | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 30 |Poor | |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Droughty |0.00 | Depth to bedrock |0.00 | Slope |0.00

 | | Too acid |0.50 | Slope |0.00 | Rock fragments |0.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.54 | Cobble content |0.04 | Depth to bedrock |0.54

 | | | | | | |
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

595

Table 14b.--Construction Materials--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 |Pct.| Potential source of | Potential source of | Potential source of

 Map symbol | of | reclamation material | roadfill | topsoil

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

CbE: | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 20 |Poor | |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Droughty |0.00 | Depth to bedrock |0.00 | Slope |0.00

 | | Too acid |0.50 | Slope |0.00 | Rock fragments |0.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.54 | Cobble content |0.50 | Depth to bedrock |0.54

 | | | | | | |

CbF: | | | | | | |

 Calvin--------------| 35 |Fair | |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Droughty |0.06 | Depth to bedrock |0.00 | Slope |0.00

 | | Organic matter |0.12 | Slope |0.00 | Rock fragments |0.00

 | | content low | | Cobble content |0.83 | Depth to bedrock |0.54

 | | Too acid |0.50 | | | |

 | | | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 25 |Poor | |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Droughty |0.00 | Depth to bedrock |0.00 | Slope |0.00

 | | Too acid |0.50 | Slope |0.00 | Rock fragments |0.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.54 | Cobble content |0.04 | Depth to bedrock |0.54

 | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 20 |Poor | |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Droughty |0.00 | Depth to bedrock |0.00 | Slope |0.00

 | | Too acid |0.50 | Slope |0.00 | Rock fragments |0.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.54 | Cobble content |0.50 | Depth to bedrock |0.54

 | | | | | | |

CeF: | | | | | | |

 Caneyville----------| 40 |Poor | |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Too clayey |0.00 | Depth to bedrock |0.00 | Slope |0.00

 | | Organic matter |0.02 | Slope |0.00 | Too clayey |0.00

 | | content low | | Shrink-swell |0.87 | Depth to bedrock |0.54

 | | Droughty |0.13 | | | |

 | | | | | | |

 Frederick-----------| 30 |Fair | |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Organic matter |0.18 | Slope |0.00 | Slope |0.00

 | | content low | | Low strength |0.00 | Too clayey |0.50

 | | Too clayey |0.68 | Shrink-swell |0.39 | Hard to reclaim |0.82

 | | Too acid |0.92 | | | (rock fragments)|

 | | | | | | |

 Rock outcrop--------| 20 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | |

CfB: | | | | | | |

 Cateache------------| 85 |Fair | |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Droughty |0.29 | Depth to bedrock |0.00 | Rock fragments |0.00

 | | Too acid |0.50 | Shrink-swell |0.89 | Too clayey |0.47

 | | Too clayey |0.50 | | | Depth to bedrock |0.54

 | | | | | | |

CfC: | | | | | | |

 Cateache------------| 85 |Fair | |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Droughty |0.29 | Depth to bedrock |0.00 | Rock fragments |0.00

 | | Too acid |0.50 | Shrink-swell |0.89 | Slope |0.37

 | | Too clayey |0.50 | | | Too clayey |0.47

 | | | | | | |

CfD: | | | | | | |

 Cateache------------| 85 |Fair | |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Droughty |0.29 | Depth to bedrock |0.00 | Slope |0.00

 | | Too acid |0.50 | Slope |0.50 | Rock fragments |0.00

 | | Too clayey |0.50 | Shrink-swell |0.89 | Too clayey |0.47

 | | | | | | |

CfE: | | | | | | |

 Cateache------------| 85 |Fair | |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Droughty |0.29 | Depth to bedrock |0.00 | Slope |0.00

 | | Too acid |0.50 | Slope |0.00 | Rock fragments |0.00

 | | Too clayey |0.50 | Shrink-swell |0.89 | Too clayey |0.47

 | | | | | | |
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

596

Table 14b.--Construction Materials--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 |Pct.| Potential source of | Potential source of | Potential source of

 Map symbol | of | reclamation material | roadfill | topsoil

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

CfF: | | | | | | |

 Cateache------------| 85 |Fair | |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Droughty |0.29 | Depth to bedrock |0.00 | Slope |0.00

 | | Too acid |0.50 | Slope |0.00 | Rock fragments |0.00

 | | Too clayey |0.50 | Shrink-swell |0.89 | Too clayey |0.47

 | | | | | | |

CgC: | | | | | | |

 Cateache------------| 85 |Fair | |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Droughty |0.29 | Depth to bedrock |0.00 | Rock fragments |0.00

 | | Too acid |0.50 | Shrink-swell |0.89 | Too clayey |0.47

 | | Too clayey |0.50 | | | Depth to bedrock |0.54

 | | | | | | |

CgE: | | | | | | |

 Cateache------------| 85 |Fair | |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Droughty |0.29 | Depth to bedrock |0.00 | Slope |0.00

 | | Too acid |0.50 | Slope |0.00 | Rock fragments |0.00

 | | Too clayey |0.50 | Shrink-swell |0.89 | Too clayey |0.47

 | | | | | | |

CgF: | | | | | | |

 Cateache------------| 85 |Fair | |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Droughty |0.29 | Depth to bedrock |0.00 | Slope |0.00

 | | Too acid |0.50 | Slope |0.00 | Rock fragments |0.00

 | | Too clayey |0.50 | Shrink-swell |0.89 | Too clayey |0.47

 | | | | | | |

Ch: | | | | | | |

 Chavies-------------| 85 |Fair | |Good | |Fair |

 | | Organic matter |0.60 | | | Rock fragments |0.97

 | | content low | | | | |

 | | Too acid |0.88 | | | |

 | | | | | | |

CpB: | | | | | | |

 Cookport------------| 80 |Fair | |Fair | |Fair |

 | | Too acid |0.01 | Wetness depth |0.09 | Wetness depth |0.09

 | | Organic matter |0.68 | Low strength |0.78 | Hard to reclaim |0.50

 | | content low | | Depth to bedrock |0.95 | (rock fragments)|

 | | Droughty |0.99 | | | Too acid |0.59

 | | | | | | |

CuB: | | | | | | |

 Culleoka------------| 90 |Fair | |Poor | |Fair |

 | | Too acid |0.50 | Depth to bedrock |0.00 | Rock fragments |0.50

 | | Droughty |0.52 | Low strength |0.78 | Depth to bedrock |0.54

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.54 | Cobble content |0.99 | |

 | | | | | | |

CuC: | | | | | | |

 Culleoka------------| 85 |Fair | |Poor | |Fair |

 | | Too acid |0.50 | Depth to bedrock |0.00 | Slope |0.37

 | | Droughty |0.52 | Low strength |0.78 | Rock fragments |0.50

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.54 | Cobble content |0.99 | Depth to bedrock |0.54

 | | | | | | |

CuD: | | | | | | |

 Culleoka------------| 85 |Fair | |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Too acid |0.50 | Depth to bedrock |0.00 | Slope |0.00

 | | Droughty |0.52 | Slope |0.50 | Rock fragments |0.50

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.54 | Low strength |0.78 | Depth to bedrock |0.54

 | | | | | | |

CyE: | | | | | | |

 Culleoka------------| 80 |Fair | |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Too acid |0.50 | Depth to bedrock |0.00 | Slope |0.00

 | | Droughty |0.52 | Slope |0.00 | Rock fragments |0.50

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.54 | Low strength |0.78 | Depth to bedrock |0.54

 | | | | | | |
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

597

Table 14b.--Construction Materials--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 |Pct.| Potential source of | Potential source of | Potential source of

 Map symbol | of | reclamation material | roadfill | topsoil

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

CyF: | | | | | | |

 Culleoka------------| 75 |Fair | |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Too acid |0.50 | Depth to bedrock |0.00 | Slope |0.00

 | | Droughty |0.52 | Slope |0.00 | Rock fragments |0.50

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.54 | Low strength |0.78 | Depth to bedrock |0.54

 | | | | | | |

DeC: | | | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 75 |Poor | |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Droughty |0.00 | Depth to bedrock |0.00 | Rock fragments |0.00

 | | Too acid |0.50 | Cobble content |0.04 | Depth to bedrock |0.54

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.54 | | | Too acid |0.59

 | | | | | | |

DeE: | | | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 75 |Poor | |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Droughty |0.00 | Depth to bedrock |0.00 | Slope |0.00

 | | Too acid |0.50 | Slope |0.00 | Rock fragments |0.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.54 | Cobble content |0.04 | Depth to bedrock |0.54

 | | | | | | |

DeF: | | | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 75 |Poor | |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Droughty |0.00 | Depth to bedrock |0.00 | Slope |0.00

 | | Too acid |0.50 | Slope |0.00 | Rock fragments |0.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.54 | Cobble content |0.04 | Depth to bedrock |0.54

 | | | | | | |

DhC: | | | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 55 |Poor | |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Droughty |0.00 | Depth to bedrock |0.00 | Rock fragments |0.00

 | | Too acid |0.50 | Cobble content |0.04 | Depth to bedrock |0.54

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.54 | | | Too acid |0.59

 | | | | | | |

 Hazleton------------| 35 |Fair | |Fair | |Poor |

 | | Too acid |0.50 | Cobble content |0.17 | Hard to reclaim |0.00

 | | Droughty |0.76 | Depth to bedrock |0.74 | (rock fragments)|

 | | Cobble content |0.81 | | | Rock fragments |0.00

 | | | | | | Too acid |0.59

 | | | | | | |

DhE: | | | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 55 |Poor | |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Droughty |0.00 | Depth to bedrock |0.00 | Slope |0.00

 | | Too acid |0.50 | Slope |0.00 | Rock fragments |0.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.54 | Cobble content |0.04 | Depth to bedrock |0.54

 | | | | | | |

 Hazleton------------| 35 |Fair | |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Too acid |0.50 | Slope |0.00 | Slope |0.00

 | | Droughty |0.76 | Cobble content |0.17 | Hard to reclaim |0.00

 | | Cobble content |0.81 | Depth to bedrock |0.74 | (rock fragments)|

 | | | | | | Rock fragments |0.00

 | | | | | | |

DhF: | | | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 55 |Poor | |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Droughty |0.00 | Depth to bedrock |0.00 | Slope |0.00

 | | Too acid |0.50 | Slope |0.00 | Rock fragments |0.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.54 | Cobble content |0.04 | Depth to bedrock |0.54

 | | | | | | |

 Hazleton------------| 35 |Fair | |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Too acid |0.50 | Slope |0.00 | Slope |0.00

 | | Droughty |0.76 | Cobble content |0.17 | Hard to reclaim |0.00

 | | Cobble content |0.81 | Depth to bedrock |0.74 | (rock fragments)|

 | | | | | | Rock fragments |0.00

 | | | | | | |
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

598

Table 14b.--Construction Materials--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 |Pct.| Potential source of | Potential source of | Potential source of

 Map symbol | of | reclamation material | roadfill | topsoil

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

DkF: | | | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 45 |Poor | |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Droughty |0.00 | Depth to bedrock |0.00 | Slope |0.00

 | | Too acid |0.50 | Slope |0.00 | Rock fragments |0.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.54 | Cobble content |0.04 | Depth to bedrock |0.54

 | | | | | | |

 Rock outcrop--------| 40 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | |

Du: | | | | | | |

 Dunning-------------| 85 |Poor | |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Too clayey |0.00 | Wetness depth |0.00 | Wetness depth |0.00

 | | Water erosion |0.99 | Low strength |0.00 | Too clayey |0.00

 | | | | Shrink-swell |0.95 | |

 | | | | | | |

ElF: | | | | | | |

 Elliber-------------| 80 |Fair | |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Too acid |0.50 | Slope |0.00 | Slope |0.00

 | | Organic matter |0.92 | Low strength |0.22 | Rock fragments |0.00

 | | content low | | Cobble content |0.97 | Hard to reclaim |0.03

 | | | | | | (rock fragments)|

 | | | | | | |

ErB: | | | | | | |

 Ernest--------------| 80 |Fair | |Fair | |Fair |

 | | Too acid |0.03 | Low strength |0.22 | Rock fragments |0.41

 | | Organic matter |0.32 | Wetness depth |0.44 | Wetness depth |0.44

 | | content low | | Shrink-swell |0.99 | Hard to reclaim |0.84

 | | | | | | (rock fragments)|

 | | | | | | |

EsC: | | | | | | |

 Ernest--------------| 75 |Fair | |Fair | |Fair |

 | | Too acid |0.03 | Low strength |0.22 | Rock fragments |0.41

 | | Organic matter |0.32 | Wetness depth |0.44 | Wetness depth |0.44

 | | content low | | Shrink-swell |0.99 | Hard to reclaim |0.84

 | | | | | | (rock fragments)|

 | | | | | | |

FaE: | | | | | | |

 Faywood-------------| 75 |Fair | |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Too clayey |0.50 | Depth to bedrock |0.00 | Slope |0.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.54 | Low strength |0.00 | Too clayey |0.44

 | | Droughty |0.60 | Slope |0.00 | Depth to bedrock |0.54

 | | | | | | |

FaF: | | | | | | |

 Faywood-------------| 75 |Fair | |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Too clayey |0.50 | Depth to bedrock |0.00 | Slope |0.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.54 | Slope |0.00 | Too clayey |0.44

 | | Droughty |0.60 | Low strength |0.00 | Depth to bedrock |0.54

 | | | | | | |

FkB: | | | | | | |

 Frankstown----------| 75 |Fair | |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Too acid |0.54 | Low strength |0.00 | Hard to reclaim |0.00

 | | Too clayey |0.92 | Depth to bedrock |0.18 | (rock fragments)|

 | | Organic matter |0.98 | Shrink-swell |0.87 | Rock fragments |0.00

 | | content low | | | | Too clayey |0.69

 | | | | | | |

FkC: | | | | | | |

 Frankstown----------| 75 |Fair | |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Too acid |0.54 | Low strength |0.00 | Hard to reclaim |0.00

 | | Too clayey |0.92 | Depth to bedrock |0.18 | (rock fragments)|

 | | Organic matter |0.98 | Shrink-swell |0.87 | Rock fragments |0.00

 | | content low | | | | Slope |0.37

 | | | | | | |
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

599

Table 14b.--Construction Materials--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 |Pct.| Potential source of | Potential source of | Potential source of

 Map symbol | of | reclamation material | roadfill | topsoil

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

FkD: | | | | | | |

 Frankstown----------| 75 |Fair | |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Too acid |0.54 | Low strength |0.00 | Slope |0.00

 | | Too clayey |0.92 | Depth to bedrock |0.18 | Hard to reclaim |0.00

 | | Organic matter |0.98 | Slope |0.50 | (rock fragments)|

 | | content low | | | | Rock fragments |0.00

 | | | | | | |

FoC: | | | | | | |

 Frankstown----------| 75 |Fair | |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Too acid |0.54 | Low strength |0.00 | Hard to reclaim |0.00

 | | Too clayey |0.92 | Depth to bedrock |0.18 | (rock fragments)|

 | | Organic matter |0.98 | Shrink-swell |0.87 | Rock fragments |0.00

 | | content low | | | | Too clayey |0.69

 | | | | | | |

FoE: | | | | | | |

 Frankstown----------| 75 |Fair | |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Too acid |0.54 | Slope |0.00 | Slope |0.00

 | | Too clayey |0.92 | Low strength |0.00 | Hard to reclaim |0.00

 | | Organic matter |0.98 | Depth to bedrock |0.18 | (rock fragments)|

 | | content low | | | | Rock fragments |0.00

 | | | | | | |

FrB: | | | | | | |

 Frederick-----------| 80 |Fair | |Poor | |Fair |

 | | Organic matter |0.18 | Low strength |0.00 | Too clayey |0.50

 | | content low | | Shrink-swell |0.39 | Hard to reclaim |0.82

 | | Too clayey |0.68 | | | (rock fragments)|

 | | Too acid |0.92 | | | Rock fragments |0.99

 | | | | | | |

FrC: | | | | | | |

 Frederick-----------| 80 |Fair | |Poor | |Fair |

 | | Organic matter |0.18 | Low strength |0.00 | Slope |0.37

 | | content low | | Shrink-swell |0.39 | Too clayey |0.50

 | | Too clayey |0.68 | | | Hard to reclaim |0.82

 | | Too acid |0.92 | | | (rock fragments)|

 | | | | | | |

FrD: | | | | | | |

 Frederick-----------| 80 |Fair | |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Organic matter |0.18 | Low strength |0.00 | Slope |0.00

 | | content low | | Shrink-swell |0.39 | Too clayey |0.50

 | | Too clayey |0.68 | Slope |0.50 | Hard to reclaim |0.82

 | | Too acid |0.92 | | | (rock fragments)|

 | | | | | | |

FyC: | | | | | | |

 Frederick-----------| 45 |Fair | |Poor | |Fair |

 | | Organic matter |0.18 | Low strength |0.00 | Too clayey |0.50

 | | content low | | Shrink-swell |0.39 | Hard to reclaim |0.82

 | | Too clayey |0.68 | | | (rock fragments)|

 | | Too acid |0.92 | | | Slope |0.96

 | | | | | | |

 Caneyville----------| 35 |Poor | |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Too clayey |0.00 | Depth to bedrock |0.00 | Too clayey |0.00

 | | Organic matter |0.02 | Shrink-swell |0.87 | Depth to bedrock |0.54

 | | content low | | | | Slope |0.96

 | | Droughty |0.13 | | | |

 | | | | | | |

FyE: | | | | | | |

 Frederick-----------| 40 |Fair | |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Organic matter |0.18 | Low strength |0.00 | Slope |0.00

 | | content low | | Slope |0.00 | Too clayey |0.50

 | | Too clayey |0.68 | Shrink-swell |0.39 | Hard to reclaim |0.82

 | | Too acid |0.92 | | | (rock fragments)|

 | | | | | | |
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

600

Table 14b.--Construction Materials--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 |Pct.| Potential source of | Potential source of | Potential source of

 Map symbol | of | reclamation material | roadfill | topsoil

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

FyE: | | | | | | |

 Caneyville----------| 40 |Poor | |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Too clayey |0.00 | Depth to bedrock |0.00 | Slope |0.00

 | | Organic matter |0.02 | Slope |0.00 | Too clayey |0.00

 | | content low | | Shrink-swell |0.87 | Depth to bedrock |0.54

 | | Droughty |0.13 | | | |

 | | | | | | |

GaC: | | | | | | |

 Gauley--------------| 85 |Fair | |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Droughty |0.03 | Depth to bedrock |0.00 | Hard to reclaim |0.00

 | | Too acid |0.50 | Cobble content |0.20 | (dense layer) |

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.54 | Stone content |0.99 | Rock fragments |0.00

 | | | | | | Depth to bedrock |0.54

 | | | | | | |

GaE: | | | | | | |

 Gauley--------------| 80 |Fair | |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Droughty |0.03 | Depth to bedrock |0.00 | Slope |0.00

 | | Too acid |0.50 | Slope |0.00 | Hard to reclaim |0.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.54 | Cobble content |0.20 | (dense layer) |

 | | | | | | Rock fragments |0.00

 | | | | | | |

GnC: | | | | | | |

 Gilpin--------------| 75 |Fair | |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Droughty |0.14 | Depth to bedrock |0.00 | Rock fragments |0.00

 | | Too acid |0.50 | | | Slope |0.37

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.54 | | | Depth to bedrock |0.54

 | | | | | | |

GnD: | | | | | | |

 Gilpin--------------| 75 |Fair | |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Droughty |0.21 | Depth to bedrock |0.00 | Slope |0.00

 | | Too acid |0.50 | Slope |0.50 | Rock fragments |0.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.54 | | | Depth to bedrock |0.54

 | | | | | | |

GpC: | | | | | | |

 Gilpin--------------| 75 |Fair | |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Droughty |0.21 | Depth to bedrock |0.00 | Rock fragments |0.00

 | | Too acid |0.50 | | | Depth to bedrock |0.54

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.54 | | | Too acid |0.59

 | | | | | | |

GpE: | | | | | | |

 Gilpin--------------| 75 |Fair | |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Droughty |0.21 | Depth to bedrock |0.00 | Slope |0.00

 | | Too acid |0.50 | Slope |0.00 | Rock fragments |0.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.54 | | | Depth to bedrock |0.54

 | | | | | | |

Ho: | | | | | | |

 Holly---------------| 90 |Fair | |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Organic matter |0.96 | Wetness depth |0.00 | Wetness depth |0.00

 | | content low | | | | |

 | | Too acid |0.97 | | | |

 | | | | | | |

KxF: | | | | | | |

 Kaymine-------------| 70 |Fair | |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Organic matter |0.18 | Slope |0.00 | Rock fragments |0.00

 | | content low | | | | Hard to reclaim |0.00

 | | | | | | (rock fragments)|

 | | | | | | Slope |0.00

 | | | | | | |

 Rock outcrop--------| 15 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | |
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

601

Table 14b.--Construction Materials--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 |Pct.| Potential source of | Potential source of | Potential source of

 Map symbol | of | reclamation material | roadfill | topsoil

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

LcC: | | | | | | |

 Leatherbark---------| 85 |Fair | |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Too acid |0.50 | Depth to bedrock |0.00 | Wetness depth |0.00

 | | Too clayey |0.68 | Wetness depth |0.00 | Too clayey |0.53

 | | Droughty |0.75 | Low strength |0.00 | Too acid |0.59

 | | | | | | |

LgB: | | | | | | |

 Lily----------------| 85 |Fair | |Poor | |Fair |

 | | Droughty |0.40 | Depth to bedrock |0.00 | Depth to bedrock |0.54

 | | Too acid |0.50 | | | Too acid |0.59

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.54 | | | |

 | | | | | | |

LgC: | | | | | | |

 Lily----------------| 85 |Fair | |Poor | |Fair |

 | | Droughty |0.40 | Depth to bedrock |0.00 | Slope |0.37

 | | Too acid |0.50 | | | Depth to bedrock |0.54

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.54 | | | Too acid |0.59

 | | | | | | |

LhE: | | | | | | |

 Lily----------------| 80 |Fair | |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Droughty |0.40 | Depth to bedrock |0.00 | Slope |0.00

 | | Too acid |0.50 | Slope |0.00 | Depth to bedrock |0.54

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.54 | | | Too acid |0.59

 | | | | | | |

Lo: | | | | | | |

 Lobdell-------------| 75 |Fair | |Fair | |Poor |

 | | Organic matter |0.37 | Wetness depth |0.22 | Hard to reclaim |0.00

 | | content low | | | | (rock fragments)|

 | | Too acid |0.97 | | | Wetness depth |0.22

 | | Water erosion |0.99 | | | |

 | | | | | | |

MaB: | | | | | | |

 Macove--------------| 85 |Fair | |Fair | |Poor |

 | | Organic matter |0.12 | Cobble content |0.36 | Hard to reclaim |0.00

 | | content low | | | | (rock fragments)|

 | | Too acid |0.50 | | | Rock fragments |0.00

 | | Too clayey |0.50 | | | Too clayey |0.29

 | | | | | | |

MaC: | | | | | | |

 Macove--------------| 85 |Fair | |Fair | |Poor |

 | | Organic matter |0.12 | Cobble content |0.36 | Hard to reclaim |0.00

 | | content low | | | | (rock fragments)|

 | | Too acid |0.50 | | | Rock fragments |0.00

 | | Too clayey |0.50 | | | Too clayey |0.29

 | | | | | | |

MaD: | | | | | | |

 Macove--------------| 80 |Fair | |Fair | |Poor |

 | | Organic matter |0.12 | Cobble content |0.36 | Slope |0.00

 | | content low | | Slope |0.50 | Hard to reclaim |0.00

 | | Too acid |0.50 | | | (rock fragments)|

 | | Too clayey |0.50 | | | Rock fragments |0.00

 | | | | | | |

McC: | | | | | | |

 Macove--------------| 80 |Fair | |Fair | |Poor |

 | | Organic matter |0.12 | Cobble content |0.36 | Hard to reclaim |0.00

 | | content low | | | | (rock fragments)|

 | | Too acid |0.50 | | | Rock fragments |0.00

 | | Too clayey |0.50 | | | Too clayey |0.29

 | | | | | | |
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

602

Table 14b.--Construction Materials--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 |Pct.| Potential source of | Potential source of | Potential source of

 Map symbol | of | reclamation material | roadfill | topsoil

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

McE: | | | | | | |

 Macove--------------| 75 |Fair | |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Organic matter |0.12 | Slope |0.00 | Slope |0.00

 | | content low | | Cobble content |0.36 | Hard to reclaim |0.00

 | | Too acid |0.50 | | | (rock fragments)|

 | | Too clayey |0.50 | | | Rock fragments |0.00

 | | | | | | |

MeF: | | | | | | |

 Macove--------------| 55 |Fair | |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Organic matter |0.12 | Slope |0.00 | Slope |0.00

 | | content low | | Cobble content |0.36 | Hard to reclaim |0.00

 | | Too acid |0.50 | | | (rock fragments)|

 | | Too clayey |0.50 | | | Rock fragments |0.00

 | | | | | | |

 Gilpin--------------| 30 |Fair | |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Droughty |0.21 | Depth to bedrock |0.00 | Slope |0.00

 | | Too acid |0.50 | Slope |0.00 | Rock fragments |0.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.54 | | | Depth to bedrock |0.54

 | | | | | | |

MkC: | | | | | | |

 Mandy---------------| 85 |Poor | |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Droughty |0.00 | Depth to bedrock |0.00 | Rock fragments |0.00

 | | Too acid |0.50 | | | Depth to bedrock |0.54

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.54 | | | Too acid |0.59

 | | | | | | |

MkE: | | | | | | |

 Mandy---------------| 80 |Poor | |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Droughty |0.00 | Depth to bedrock |0.00 | Slope |0.00

 | | Too acid |0.50 | Slope |0.00 | Rock fragments |0.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.54 | | | Depth to bedrock |0.54

 | | | | | | |

MkF: | | | | | | |

 Mandy---------------| 80 |Poor | |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Droughty |0.00 | Depth to bedrock |0.00 | Slope |0.00

 | | Too acid |0.50 | Slope |0.00 | Rock fragments |0.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.54 | | | Depth to bedrock |0.54

 | | | | | | |

MkG: | | | | | | |

 Mandy---------------| 80 |Poor | |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Droughty |0.00 | Depth to bedrock |0.00 | Slope |0.00

 | | Too acid |0.50 | Slope |0.00 | Rock fragments |0.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.54 | | | Depth to bedrock |0.54

 | | | | | | |

Ml: | | | | | | |

 Melvin--------------| 50 |Fair | |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Water erosion |0.90 | Wetness depth |0.00 | Wetness depth |0.00

 | | | | Low strength |0.00 | |

 | | | | | | |

 Lindside------------| 35 |Fair | |Poor | |Fair |

 | | Organic matter |0.82 | Low strength |0.00 | Wetness depth |0.76

 | | content low | | Wetness depth |0.76 | |

 | | Water erosion |0.99 | | | |

 | | | | | | |

MzC: | | | | | | |

 Mertz---------------| 75 |Fair | |Good | |Poor |

 | | Too acid |0.01 | | | Rock fragments |0.00

 | | Organic matter |0.12 | | | Hard to reclaim |0.12

 | | content low | | | | (rock fragments)|

 | | Too clayey |0.32 | | | Too clayey |0.19

 | | | | | | |
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

603

Table 14b.--Construction Materials--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 |Pct.| Potential source of | Potential source of | Potential source of

 Map symbol | of | reclamation material | roadfill | topsoil

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

MzE: | | | | | | |

 Mertz---------------| 75 |Fair | |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Too acid |0.01 | Slope |0.00 | Slope |0.00

 | | Organic matter |0.12 | | | Rock fragments |0.00

 | | content low | | | | Hard to reclaim |0.12

 | | Too clayey |0.32 | | | (rock fragments)|

 | | | | | | |

No: | | | | | | |

 Nolin---------------| 80 |Fair | |Poor | |Good |

 | | Water erosion |0.90 | Low strength |0.00 | |

 | | | | | | |

Ph: | | | | | | |

 Philo---------------| 75 |Fair | |Fair | |Poor |

 | | Organic matter |0.50 | Wetness depth |0.76 | Hard to reclaim |0.00

 | | content low | | | | (dense layer) |

 | | Too acid |0.54 | | | Hard to reclaim |0.32

 | | Water erosion |0.99 | | | (rock fragments)|

 | | | | | | Wetness depth |0.76

 | | | | | | |

Po: | | | | | | |

 Pope----------------| 75 |Fair | |Good | |Fair |

 | | Too acid |0.12 | | | Too acid |0.59

 | | Organic matter |0.92 | | | Hard to reclaim |0.82

 | | content low | | | | (rock fragments)|

 | | | | | | |

Pt: | | | | | | |

 Potomac-------------| 80 |Fair | |Good | |Poor |

 | | Droughty |0.11 | | | Hard to reclaim |0.00

 | | Too sandy |0.22 | | | (rock fragments)|

 | | Organic matter |0.78 | | | Rock fragments |0.00

 | | content low | | | | Too sandy |0.22

 | | | | | | |

PuA: | | | | | | |

 Purdy---------------| 80 |Poor | |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Too clayey |0.00 | Wetness depth |0.00 | Wetness depth |0.00

 | | Organic matter |0.03 | Low strength |0.00 | Too clayey |0.00

 | | content low | | Shrink-swell |0.87 | Too acid |0.59

 | | Too acid |0.50 | | | |

 | | | | | | |

Qu: | | | | | | |

 Quarry--------------| 80 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | |

Se: | | | | | | |

 Sensabaugh----------| 80 |Good | |Good | |Poor |

 | | | | | | Hard to reclaim |0.00

 | | | | | | (rock fragments)|

 | | | | | | Rock fragments |0.32

 | | | | | | |

SfB: | | | | | | |

 Shouns--------------| 85 |Fair | |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Too acid |0.01 | Low strength |0.00 | Hard to reclaim |0.00

 | | Too clayey |0.50 | | | (rock fragments)|

 | | Organic matter |0.82 | | | Rock fragments |0.00

 | | content low | | | | Too clayey |0.35

 | | | | | | |

SfC: | | | | | | |

 Shouns--------------| 85 |Fair | |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Too acid |0.01 | Low strength |0.00 | Hard to reclaim |0.00

 | | Too clayey |0.50 | | | (rock fragments)|

 | | Organic matter |0.82 | | | Rock fragments |0.00

 | | content low | | | | Too clayey |0.35

 | | | | | | |
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

604

Table 14b.--Construction Materials--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 |Pct.| Potential source of | Potential source of | Potential source of

 Map symbol | of | reclamation material | roadfill | topsoil

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

ShC: | | | | | | |

 Shouns--------------| 80 |Fair | |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Too acid |0.01 | Low strength |0.00 | Hard to reclaim |0.00

 | | Too clayey |0.50 | | | (rock fragments)|

 | | Organic matter |0.82 | | | Rock fragments |0.00

 | | content low | | | | Too clayey |0.35

 | | | | | | |

ShE: | | | | | | |

 Shouns--------------| 75 |Fair | |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Too acid |0.01 | Slope |0.00 | Slope |0.00

 | | Too clayey |0.50 | Low strength |0.00 | Hard to reclaim |0.00

 | | Organic matter |0.82 | | | (rock fragments)|

 | | content low | | | | Rock fragments |0.00

 | | | | | | |

ShF: | | | | | | |

 Shouns--------------| 75 |Fair | |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Too acid |0.01 | Slope |0.00 | Slope |0.00

 | | Too clayey |0.50 | Low strength |0.00 | Hard to reclaim |0.00

 | | Organic matter |0.82 | | | (rock fragments)|

 | | content low | | | | Rock fragments |0.00

 | | | | | | |

SmC: | | | | | | |

 Simoda--------------| 75 |Fair | |Fair | |Poor |

 | | Too acid |0.01 | Wetness depth |0.53 | Rock fragments |0.00

 | | Too clayey |0.50 | Depth to bedrock |0.95 | Hard to reclaim |0.08

 | | Organic matter |0.88 | | | (rock fragments)|

 | | content low | | | | Too clayey |0.36

 | | | | | | |

SoC: | | | | | | |

 Snowdog-------------| 75 |Fair | |Fair | |Poor |

 | | Too acid |0.01 | Wetness depth |0.53 | Hard to reclaim |0.00

 | | Stone content |0.78 | Stone content |0.75 | (dense layer) |

 | | | | Cobble content |0.99 | Rock fragments |0.00

 | | | | | | Hard to reclaim |0.12

 | | | | | | (rock fragments)|

 | | | | | | |

SoE: | | | | | | |

 Snowdog-------------| 75 |Fair | |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Too acid |0.01 | Slope |0.00 | Slope |0.00

 | | Stone content |0.78 | Wetness depth |0.53 | Hard to reclaim |0.00

 | | | | Stone content |0.75 | (dense layer) |

 | | | | | | Rock fragments |0.00

 | | | | | | |

SoF: | | | | | | |

 Snowdog-------------| 75 |Fair | |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Too acid |0.01 | Slope |0.00 | Slope |0.00

 | | Stone content |0.78 | Wetness depth |0.53 | Hard to reclaim |0.00

 | | | | Stone content |0.75 | (dense layer) |

 | | | | | | Rock fragments |0.00

 | | | | | | |

SvC: | | | | | | |

 Summers-------------| 75 |Poor | |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Droughty |0.00 | Depth to bedrock |0.00 | Rock fragments |0.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.16 | | | Depth to bedrock |0.16

 | | Too acid |0.50 | | | Too acid |0.88

 | | | | | | |

Tp: | | | | | | |

 Tioga---------------| 55 |Fair | |Good | |Good |

 | | Too acid |0.50 | | | |

 | | Organic matter |0.50 | | | |

 | | content low | | | | |

 | | | | | | |
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

605

Table 14b.--Construction Materials--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 |Pct.| Potential source of | Potential source of | Potential source of

 Map symbol | of | reclamation material | roadfill | topsoil

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

Tp: | | | | | | |

 Potomac-------------| 35 |Fair | |Good | |Poor |

 | | Droughty |0.11 | | | Hard to reclaim |0.00

 | | Too sandy |0.22 | | | (rock fragments)|

 | | Organic matter |0.78 | | | Rock fragments |0.00

 | | content low | | | | Too sandy |0.22

 | | | | | | |

TrC: | | | | | | |

 Trussel-------------| 80 |Fair | |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Too acid |0.50 | Wetness depth |0.00 | Wetness depth |0.00

 | | | | | | Hard to reclaim |0.00

 | | | | | | (rock fragments)|

 | | | | | | Rock fragments |0.00

 | | | | | | |

Uf: | | | | | | |

 Udifluvents---------| 45 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | |

 Fluvaquents---------| 35 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | |

Ux: | | | | | | |

 Udorthents----------| 60 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | |

 Rock outcrop--------| 35 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | |

WeC: | | | | | | |

 Weikert-------------| 80 |Poor | |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Droughty |0.00 | Depth to bedrock |0.00 | Rock fragments |0.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.00 | Cobble content |0.71 | Depth to bedrock |0.00

 | | Too acid |0.50 | | | Slope |0.37

 | | | | | | |

WeD: | | | | | | |

 Weikert-------------| 75 |Poor | |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Droughty |0.00 | Depth to bedrock |0.00 | Slope |0.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.00 | Slope |0.50 | Rock fragments |0.00

 | | Too acid |0.50 | Cobble content |0.71 | Depth to bedrock |0.00

 | | | | | | |

WeF: | | | | | | |

 Weikert-------------| 75 |Poor | |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Droughty |0.00 | Depth to bedrock |0.00 | Slope |0.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.00 | Slope |0.00 | Rock fragments |0.00

 | | Too acid |0.50 | Cobble content |0.71 | Depth to bedrock |0.00

 | | | | | | |

WrG: | | | | | | |

 Weikert-------------| 40 |Poor | |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Droughty |0.00 | Depth to bedrock |0.00 | Slope |0.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.00 | Slope |0.00 | Rock fragments |0.00

 | | Too acid |0.50 | Cobble content |0.71 | Depth to bedrock |0.00

 | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 35 |Poor | |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Droughty |0.00 | Depth to bedrock |0.00 | Slope |0.00

 | | Too acid |0.50 | Slope |0.00 | Rock fragments |0.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.54 | Cobble content |0.50 | Depth to bedrock |0.54

 | | | | | | |

 Rough---------------| 15 |Poor | |Poor | |Poor |

 | | Droughty |0.00 | Depth to bedrock |0.00 | Slope |0.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.00 | Slope |0.00 | Depth to bedrock |0.00

 | | Organic matter |0.12 | Cobble content |0.68 | Rock fragments |0.00

 | | content low | | | | |

 | | | | | | |
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

606

Table 14b.--Construction Materials--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 |Pct.| Potential source of | Potential source of | Potential source of

 Map symbol | of | reclamation material | roadfill | topsoil

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

ZoA: | | | | | | |

 Zoar----------------| 80 |Fair | |Poor | |Fair |

 | | Too acid |0.32 | Low strength |0.00 | Too clayey |0.37

 | | Too clayey |0.50 | Wetness depth |0.53 | Wetness depth |0.53

 | | Water erosion |0.90 | Shrink-swell |0.87 | Too acid |0.88

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

607

Table 15.--Water Management

(The information in this table indicates the dominant soil condition but does not eliminate the need for

 for onsite investigation. The numbers in the value columns range from 0.01 to 1.00. The larger

 the value, the greater the limitation. See text for further explanation of ratings in this table.)

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 |Pct.| Pond reservoir areas | Embankments, dikes, and | Aquifer-fed

 Map symbol | of | | levees | excavated ponds

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

AlB: | | | | | | |

 Allegheny-----------| 90 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |0.70 | Piping |0.16 | Depth to water |1.00

 | | | | | | |

AlC: | | | | | | |

 Allegheny-----------| 90 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |0.70 | Piping |0.16 | Depth to water |1.00

 | | Slope |0.01 | | | |

 | | | | | | |

An: | | | | | | |

 Atkins--------------| 35 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Cutbanks cave |1.00

 | | | | saturated zone | | |

 | | | | Piping |0.29 | |

 | | | | | | |

 Philo---------------| 30 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Piping |1.00 | Cutbanks cave |1.00

 | | | | Depth to |0.95 | Depth to |0.02

 | | | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | | | | | |

 Potomac-------------| 20 |Very limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Seepage |0.08 | Depth to water |1.00

 | | | | | | |

BaE: | | | | | | |

 Belmont-------------| 75 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |0.70 | Thin layer |0.11 | Depth to water |1.00

 | | Slope |0.28 | | | |

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.10 | | | |

 | | | | | | |

BcC: | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 80 |Very limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Thin layer |0.86 | Depth to water |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.11 | Large stones |0.03 | |

 | | | | content | | |

 | | | | | | |

BcE: | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 75 |Very limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Thin layer |0.86 | Depth to water |1.00

 | | Slope |0.28 | Large stones |0.03 | |

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.11 | content | | |

 | | | | | | |

BcF: | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 75 |Very limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Thin layer |0.86 | Depth to water |1.00

 | | Slope |0.97 | Large stones |0.03 | |

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.11 | content | | |

 | | | | | | |

BkG: | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 35 |Very limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Thin layer |0.86 | Depth to water |1.00

 | | Slope |1.00 | Large stones |0.03 | |

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.11 | content | | |

 | | | | | | |

 Weikert-------------| 25 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Thin layer |1.00 | Depth to water |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.66 | | | |

 | | | | | | |
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

608

Table 15.--Water Management--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 |Pct.| Pond reservoir areas | Embankments, dikes, and | Aquifer-fed

 Map symbol | of | | levees | excavated ponds

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

BkG: | | | | | | |

 Calvin--------------| 20 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Piping |0.99 | Depth to water |1.00

 | | Slope |1.00 | Thin layer |0.86 | |

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.11 | | | |

 | | | | | | |

BlC: | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 60 |Very limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Thin layer |0.86 | Depth to water |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.11 | Large stones |0.03 | |

 | | | | content | | |

 | | | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 30 |Very limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Thin layer |0.86 | Depth to water |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.86 | Large stones |0.19 | |

 | | | | content | | |

 | | | | Seepage |0.08 | |

 | | | | | | |

BlE: | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 55 |Very limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Thin layer |0.86 | Depth to water |1.00

 | | Slope |0.28 | Large stones |0.03 | |

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.11 | content | | |

 | | | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 35 |Very limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Thin layer |0.86 | Depth to water |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.86 | Large stones |0.19 | |

 | | Slope |0.28 | content | | |

 | | | | Seepage |0.08 | |

 | | | | | | |

BlF: | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 45 |Very limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Thin layer |0.86 | Depth to water |1.00

 | | Slope |0.97 | Large stones |0.03 | |

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.11 | content | | |

 | | | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 40 |Very limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Thin layer |0.86 | Depth to water |1.00

 | | Slope |0.97 | Large stones |0.19 | |

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.86 | content | | |

 | | | | Seepage |0.08 | |

 | | | | | | |

BrE: | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 50 |Very limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Thin layer |0.86 | Depth to water |1.00

 | | Slope |0.28 | Large stones |0.03 | |

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.11 | content | | |

 | | | | | | |

 Weikert-------------| 35 |Somewhat limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.66 | Thin layer |1.00 | Depth to water |1.00

 | | Slope |0.28 | | | |

 | | | | | | |

BrF: | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 50 |Very limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Thin layer |0.86 | Depth to water |1.00

 | | Slope |0.97 | Large stones |0.03 | |

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.11 | content | | |

 | | | | | | |

 Weikert-------------| 35 |Somewhat limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |0.97 | Thin layer |1.00 | Depth to water |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.66 | | | |

 | | | | | | |
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

609

Table 15.--Water Management--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 |Pct.| Pond reservoir areas | Embankments, dikes, and | Aquifer-fed

 Map symbol | of | | levees | excavated ponds

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

BtC: | | | | | | |

 Blackthorn----------| 75 |Very limited | |Not limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | | | Depth to water |1.00

 | | | | | | |

BtE: | | | | | | |

 Blackthorn----------| 75 |Very limited | |Not limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | | | Depth to water |1.00

 | | Slope |0.28 | | | |

 | | | | | | |

BxF: | | | | | | |

 Briery--------------| 75 |Very limited | |Not limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | | | Depth to water |1.00

 | | Slope |0.88 | | | |

 | | | | | | |

 Rock outcrop--------| 15 |Very limited | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | | | |

 | | Slope |0.88 | | | |

 | | | | | | |

CbC: | | | | | | |

 Calvin--------------| 45 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Piping |0.99 | Depth to water |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.11 | Thin layer |0.86 | |

 | | | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 25 |Very limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Thin layer |0.86 | Depth to water |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.86 | Large stones |0.19 | |

 | | | | content | | |

 | | | | Seepage |0.08 | |

 | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 20 |Very limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Thin layer |0.86 | Depth to water |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.11 | Large stones |0.03 | |

 | | | | content | | |

 | | | | | | |

CbE: | | | | | | |

 Calvin--------------| 35 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Piping |0.99 | Depth to water |1.00

 | | Slope |0.28 | Thin layer |0.86 | |

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.11 | | | |

 | | | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 30 |Very limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Thin layer |0.86 | Depth to water |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.86 | Large stones |0.19 | |

 | | Slope |0.28 | content | | |

 | | | | Seepage |0.08 | |

 | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 20 |Very limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Thin layer |0.86 | Depth to water |1.00

 | | Slope |0.28 | Large stones |0.03 | |

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.11 | content | | |

 | | | | | | |

CbF: | | | | | | |

 Calvin--------------| 35 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Piping |0.99 | Depth to water |1.00

 | | Slope |0.97 | Thin layer |0.86 | |

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.11 | | | |

 | | | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 25 |Very limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Thin layer |0.86 | Depth to water |1.00

 | | Slope |0.97 | Large stones |0.19 | |

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.86 | content | | |

 | | | | Seepage |0.08 | |
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

610

Table 15.--Water Management--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 |Pct.| Pond reservoir areas | Embankments, dikes, and | Aquifer-fed

 Map symbol | of | | levees | excavated ponds

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

CbF: | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 20 |Very limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Thin layer |0.86 | Depth to water |1.00

 | | Slope |0.97 | Large stones |0.03 | |

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.11 | content | | |

 | | | | | | |

CeF: | | | | | | |

 Caneyville----------| 40 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |0.99 | Thin layer |0.86 | Depth to water |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.86 | Hard to pack |0.77 | |

 | | Seepage |0.47 | | | |

 | | | | | | |

 Frederick-----------| 30 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |0.99 | Hard to pack |0.83 | Depth to water |1.00

 | | Seepage |0.70 | | | |

 | | | | | | |

 Rock outcrop--------| 20 |Very limited | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | | | |

 | | Slope |0.99 | | | |

 | | | | | | |

CfB: | | | | | | |

 Cateache------------| 85 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |0.70 | Thin layer |0.86 | Depth to water |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.11 | | | |

 | | | | | | |

CfC: | | | | | | |

 Cateache------------| 85 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |0.70 | Thin layer |0.86 | Depth to water |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.11 | | | |

 | | Slope |0.01 | | | |

 | | | | | | |

CfD: | | | | | | |

 Cateache------------| 85 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |0.70 | Thin layer |0.86 | Depth to water |1.00

 | | Slope |0.12 | | | |

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.11 | | | |

 | | | | | | |

CfE: | | | | | | |

 Cateache------------| 85 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |0.70 | Thin layer |0.86 | Depth to water |1.00

 | | Slope |0.50 | | | |

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.11 | | | |

 | | | | | | |

CfF: | | | | | | |

 Cateache------------| 85 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |0.97 | Thin layer |0.86 | Depth to water |1.00

 | | Seepage |0.70 | | | |

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.11 | | | |

 | | | | | | |

CgC: | | | | | | |

 Cateache------------| 85 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |0.70 | Thin layer |0.86 | Depth to water |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.11 | | | |

 | | | | | | |

CgE: | | | | | | |

 Cateache------------| 85 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |0.70 | Thin layer |0.86 | Depth to water |1.00

 | | Slope |0.28 | | | |

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.11 | | | |

 | | | | | | |
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

611

Table 15.--Water Management--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 |Pct.| Pond reservoir areas | Embankments, dikes, and | Aquifer-fed

 Map symbol | of | | levees | excavated ponds

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

CgF: | | | | | | |

 Cateache------------| 85 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |0.97 | Thin layer |0.86 | Depth to water |1.00

 | | Seepage |0.70 | | | |

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.11 | | | |

 | | | | | | |

Ch: | | | | | | |

 Chavies-------------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Piping |1.00 | Depth to water |1.00

 | | | | | | |

CpB: | | | | | | |

 Cookport------------| 80 |Somewhat limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |0.70 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to water |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.01 | saturated zone | | |

 | | | | Piping |0.21 | |

 | | | | Thin layer |0.01 | |

 | | | | | | |

CuB: | | | | | | |

 Culleoka------------| 90 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Piping |0.99 | Depth to water |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.11 | Thin layer |0.86 | |

 | | | | | | |

CuC: | | | | | | |

 Culleoka------------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Piping |0.99 | Depth to water |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.11 | Thin layer |0.86 | |

 | | Slope |0.01 | | | |

 | | | | | | |

CuD: | | | | | | |

 Culleoka------------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Piping |0.99 | Depth to water |1.00

 | | Slope |0.12 | Thin layer |0.86 | |

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.11 | | | |

 | | | | | | |

CyE: | | | | | | |

 Culleoka------------| 80 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Piping |0.99 | Depth to water |1.00

 | | Slope |0.50 | Thin layer |0.86 | |

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.11 | | | |

 | | | | | | |

CyF: | | | | | | |

 Culleoka------------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Piping |0.99 | Depth to water |1.00

 | | Slope |0.97 | Thin layer |0.86 | |

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.11 | | | |

 | | | | | | |

DeC: | | | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 75 |Very limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Thin layer |0.86 | Depth to water |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.86 | Large stones |0.19 | |

 | | | | content | | |

 | | | | Seepage |0.08 | |

 | | | | | | |

DeE: | | | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 75 |Very limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Thin layer |0.86 | Depth to water |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.86 | Large stones |0.19 | |

 | | Slope |0.28 | content | | |

 | | | | Seepage |0.08 | |

 | | | | | | |
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

612

Table 15.--Water Management--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 |Pct.| Pond reservoir areas | Embankments, dikes, and | Aquifer-fed

 Map symbol | of | | levees | excavated ponds

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

DeF: | | | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 75 |Very limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Thin layer |0.86 | Depth to water |1.00

 | | Slope |0.97 | Large stones |0.19 | |

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.86 | content | | |

 | | | | Seepage |0.08 | |

 | | | | | | |

DhC: | | | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 55 |Very limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Thin layer |0.86 | Depth to water |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.86 | Large stones |0.19 | |

 | | | | content | | |

 | | | | Seepage |0.08 | |

 | | | | | | |

 Hazleton------------| 35 |Very limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Seepage |0.18 | Depth to water |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.06 | Large stones |0.17 | |

 | | | | content | | |

 | | | | Thin layer |0.06 | |

DhE: | | | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 55 |Very limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Thin layer |0.86 | Depth to water |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.86 | Large stones |0.19 | |

 | | Slope |0.28 | content | | |

 | | | | Seepage |0.08 | |

 | | | | | | |

 Hazleton------------| 35 |Very limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Seepage |0.18 | Depth to water |1.00

 | | Slope |0.28 | Large stones |0.17 | |

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.06 | content | | |

 | | | | Thin layer |0.06 | |

 | | | | | | |

DhF: | | | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 55 |Very limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Thin layer |0.86 | Depth to water |1.00

 | | Slope |0.97 | Large stones |0.19 | |

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.86 | content | | |

 | | | | Seepage |0.08 | |

 | | | | | | |

 Hazleton------------| 35 |Very limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Seepage |0.18 | Depth to water |1.00

 | | Slope |0.97 | Large stones |0.17 | |

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.06 | content | | |

 | | | | Thin layer |0.06 | |

 | | | | | | |

DkF: | | | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------| 45 |Very limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Thin layer |0.86 | Depth to water |1.00

 | | Slope |1.00 | Large stones |0.19 | |

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.86 | content | | |

 | | | | Seepage |0.08 | |

 | | | | | | |

 Rock outcrop--------| 40 |Very limited | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | | | |

 | | Slope |1.00 | | | |

 | | | | | | |

Du: | | | | | | |

 Dunning-------------| 85 |Somewhat limited | |Very limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Seepage |0.70 | Ponding |1.00 | Slow refill |0.30

 | | | | Depth to |1.00 | Cutbanks cave |0.10

 | | | | saturated zone | | |

 | | | | Hard to pack |0.10 | |
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

613

Table 15.--Water Management--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 |Pct.| Pond reservoir areas | Embankments, dikes, and | Aquifer-fed

 Map symbol | of | | levees | excavated ponds

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

ElF: | | | | | | |

 Elliber-------------| 80 |Very limited | |Not limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | | | Depth to water |1.00

 | | Slope |0.97 | | | |

 | | | | | | |

ErB: | | | | | | |

 Ernest--------------| 80 |Somewhat limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |0.70 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to water |1.00

 | | | | saturated zone | | |

 | | | | Piping |0.91 | |

 | | | | | | |

EsC: | | | | | | |

 Ernest--------------| 75 |Somewhat limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |0.70 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to water |1.00

 | | | | saturated zone | | |

 | | | | Piping |0.91 | |

 | | | | | | |

FaE: | | | | | | |

 Faywood-------------| 75 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.86 | Thin layer |0.86 | Depth to water |1.00

 | | Slope |0.28 | Hard to pack |0.07 | |

 | | Seepage |0.02 | | | |

 | | | | | | |

FaF: | | | | | | |

 Faywood-------------| 75 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |0.97 | Thin layer |0.86 | Depth to water |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.86 | Hard to pack |0.07 | |

 | | Seepage |0.02 | | | |

 | | | | | | |

FkB: | | | | | | |

 Frankstown----------| 75 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |0.70 | Thin layer |0.24 | Depth to water |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.24 | | | |

 | | | | | | |

FkC: | | | | | | |

 Frankstown----------| 75 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |0.70 | Thin layer |0.24 | Depth to water |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.24 | | | |

 | | Slope |0.01 | | | |

 | | | | | | |

FkD: | | | | | | |

 Frankstown----------| 75 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |0.70 | Thin layer |0.24 | Depth to water |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.24 | | | |

 | | Slope |0.12 | | | |

 | | | | | | |

FoC: | | | | | | |

 Frankstown----------| 75 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |0.70 | Thin layer |0.24 | Depth to water |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.24 | | | |

 | | | | | | |

FoE: | | | | | | |

 Frankstown----------| 75 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |0.70 | Thin layer |0.24 | Depth to water |1.00

 | | Slope |0.28 | | | |

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.24 | | | |

 | | | | | | |

FrB: | | | | | | |

 Frederick-----------| 80 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |0.70 | Hard to pack |0.83 | Depth to water |1.00

 | | | | | | |
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

614

Table 15.--Water Management--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 |Pct.| Pond reservoir areas | Embankments, dikes, and | Aquifer-fed

 Map symbol | of | | levees | excavated ponds

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

FrC: | | | | | | |

 Frederick-----------| 80 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |0.70 | Hard to pack |0.83 | Depth to water |1.00

 | | Slope |0.01 | | | |

 | | | | | | |

FrD: | | | | | | |

 Frederick-----------| 80 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |0.70 | Hard to pack |0.83 | Depth to water |1.00

 | | Slope |0.12 | | | |

 | | | | | | |

FyC: | | | | | | |

 Frederick-----------| 45 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |0.70 | Hard to pack |0.83 | Depth to water |1.00

 | | | | | | |

 Caneyville----------| 35 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.86 | Thin layer |0.86 | Depth to water |1.00

 | | Seepage |0.47 | Hard to pack |0.77 | |

 | | | | | | |

FyE: | | | | | | |

 Frederick-----------| 40 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |0.70 | Hard to pack |0.83 | Depth to water |1.00

 | | Slope |0.28 | | | |

 | | | | | | |

 Caneyville----------| 40 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.86 | Thin layer |0.86 | Depth to water |1.00

 | | Seepage |0.47 | Hard to pack |0.77 | |

 | | Slope |0.28 | | | |

 | | | | | | |

GaC: | | | | | | |

 Gauley--------------| 85 |Very limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Thin layer |0.86 | Depth to water |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.86 | Large stones |0.37 | |

 | | | | content | | |

 | | | | | | |

GaE: | | | | | | |

 Gauley--------------| 80 |Very limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Thin layer |0.86 | Depth to water |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.86 | Large stones |0.37 | |

 | | Slope |0.28 | content | | |

 | | | | | | |

GnC: | | | | | | |

 Gilpin--------------| 75 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |0.70 | Thin layer |0.86 | Depth to water |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.11 | | | |

 | | Slope |0.01 | | | |

 | | | | | | |

GnD: | | | | | | |

 Gilpin--------------| 75 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |0.70 | Thin layer |0.86 | Depth to water |1.00

 | | Slope |0.12 | | | |

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.11 | | | |

 | | | | | | |

GpC: | | | | | | |

 Gilpin--------------| 75 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |0.70 | Thin layer |0.86 | Depth to water |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.11 | | | |

 | | | | | | |

GpE: | | | | | | |

 Gilpin--------------| 75 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |0.70 | Thin layer |0.86 | Depth to water |1.00

 | | Slope |0.28 | | | |

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.11 | | | |
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

615

Table 15.--Water Management--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 |Pct.| Pond reservoir areas | Embankments, dikes, and | Aquifer-fed

 Map symbol | of | | levees | excavated ponds

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

Ho: | | | | | | |

 Holly---------------| 90 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Cutbanks cave |0.10

 | | | | saturated zone | | |

 | | | | Piping |1.00 | |

 | | | | | | |

KxF: | | | | | | |

 Kaymine-------------| 70 |Very limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Seepage |0.10 | Depth to water |1.00

 | | Slope |0.88 | | | |

 | | | | | | |

 Rock outcrop--------| 15 |Very limited | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | | | |

 | | Slope |0.88 | | | |

 | | | | | | |

LcC: | | | | | | |

 Leatherbark---------| 85 |Somewhat limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.54 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to hard |1.00

 | | Seepage |0.02 | saturated zone | | bedrock |

 | | | | Thin layer |0.54 | Slow refill |0.98

 | | | | Piping |0.01 | Cutbanks cave |0.10

 | | | | | | |

LgB: | | | | | | |

 Lily----------------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Piping |1.00 | Depth to water |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.86 | Thin layer |0.86 | |

 | | | | | | |

LgC: | | | | | | |

 Lily----------------| 85 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Piping |1.00 | Depth to water |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.86 | Thin layer |0.86 | |

 | | Slope |0.01 | | | |

 | | | | | | |

LhE: | | | | | | |

 Lily----------------| 80 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Piping |1.00 | Depth to water |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.86 | Thin layer |0.86 | |

 | | Slope |0.28 | | | |

 | | | | | | |

Lo: | | | | | | |

 Lobdell-------------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Cutbanks cave |1.00

 | | | | saturated zone | | |

 | | | | | | |

MaB: | | | | | | |

 Macove--------------| 85 |Very limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Large stones |0.02 | Depth to water |1.00

 | | | | content | | |

 | | | | | | |

MaC: | | | | | | |

 Macove--------------| 85 |Very limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Large stones |0.02 | Depth to water |1.00

 | | Slope |0.01 | content | | |

 | | | | | | |

MaD: | | | | | | |

 Macove--------------| 80 |Very limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Large stones |0.02 | Depth to water |1.00

 | | Slope |0.12 | content | | |

 | | | | | | |
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

616

Table 15.--Water Management--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 |Pct.| Pond reservoir areas | Embankments, dikes, and | Aquifer-fed

 Map symbol | of | | levees | excavated ponds

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

McC: | | | | | | |

 Macove--------------| 80 |Very limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Large stones |0.02 | Depth to water |1.00

 | | | | content | | |

 | | | | | | |

McE: | | | | | | |

 Macove--------------| 75 |Very limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Large stones |0.02 | Depth to water |1.00

 | | Slope |0.28 | content | | |

 | | | | | | |

MeF: | | | | | | |

 Macove--------------| 55 |Very limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Large stones |0.02 | Depth to water |1.00

 | | Slope |0.97 | content | | |

 | | | | | | |

 Gilpin--------------| 30 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |0.97 | Thin layer |0.86 | Depth to water |1.00

 | | Seepage |0.70 | | | |

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.11 | | | |

 | | | | | | |

MkC: | | | | | | |

 Mandy---------------| 85 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |0.70 | Thin layer |0.86 | Depth to water |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.11 | | | |

 | | | | | | |

MkE: | | | | | | |

 Mandy---------------| 80 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |0.70 | Thin layer |0.86 | Depth to water |1.00

 | | Slope |0.28 | | | |

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.11 | | | |

 | | | | | | |

MkF: | | | | | | |

 Mandy---------------| 80 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |0.97 | Thin layer |0.86 | Depth to water |1.00

 | | Seepage |0.70 | | | |

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.11 | | | |

 | | | | | | |

MkG: | | | | | | |

 Mandy---------------| 80 |Very limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Thin layer |0.86 | Depth to water |1.00

 | | Seepage |0.70 | | | |

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.11 | | | |

 | | | | | | |

Ml: | | | | | | |

 Melvin--------------| 50 |Somewhat limited | |Very limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Seepage |0.70 | Depth to |1.00 | Slow refill |0.30

 | | | | saturated zone | | Cutbanks cave |0.10

 | | | | Piping |0.83 | |

 | | | | Seepage |0.01 | |

 | | | | | | |

 Lindside------------| 35 |Very limited | |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Depth to |0.95 | Cutbanks cave |0.10

 | | | | saturated zone | | Depth to |0.02

 | | | | Piping |0.71 | saturated zone |

 | | | | Seepage |0.04 | |

 | | | | | | |

MzC: | | | | | | |

 Mertz---------------| 75 |Somewhat limited | |Not limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |0.03 | | | Depth to water |1.00

 | | Slope |0.01 | | | |

 | | | | | | |
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

617

Table 15.--Water Management--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 |Pct.| Pond reservoir areas | Embankments, dikes, and | Aquifer-fed

 Map symbol | of | | levees | excavated ponds

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

MzE: | | | | | | |

 Mertz---------------| 75 |Somewhat limited | |Not limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |0.28 | | | Depth to water |1.00

 | | Seepage |0.03 | | | |

 | | | | | | |

No: | | | | | | |

 Nolin---------------| 80 |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Seepage |0.70 | Piping |0.80 | Depth to |0.96

 | | | | | | saturated zone |

 | | | | | | Slow refill |0.30

 | | | | | | Cutbanks cave |0.10

 | | | | | | |

Ph: | | | | | | |

 Philo---------------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Piping |1.00 | Cutbanks cave |1.00

 | | | | Depth to |0.95 | Depth to |0.02

 | | | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | | | | | |

Po: | | | | | | |

 Pope----------------| 75 |Very limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Seepage |0.01 | Depth to water |1.00

 | | | | | | |

Pt: | | | | | | |

 Potomac-------------| 80 |Very limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Seepage |0.08 | Depth to water |1.00

 | | | | | | |

PuA: | | | | | | |

 Purdy---------------| 80 |Not limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | | | Depth to |1.00 | Slow refill |1.00

 | | | | saturated zone | | Cutbanks cave |0.10

 | | | | Piping |0.01 | |

 | | | | | | |

Qu: | | | | | | |

 Quarry--------------| 80 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | |

Se: | | | | | | |

 Sensabaugh----------| 80 |Very limited | |Not limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | | | Depth to water |1.00

 | | | | | | |

SfB: | | | | | | |

 Shouns--------------| 85 |Somewhat limited | |Not limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |0.70 | | | Depth to water |1.00

 | | | | | | |

SfC: | | | | | | |

 Shouns--------------| 85 |Somewhat limited | |Not limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |0.70 | | | Depth to water |1.00

 | | Slope |0.01 | | | |

 | | | | | | |

ShC: | | | | | | |

 Shouns--------------| 80 |Somewhat limited | |Not limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |0.70 | | | Depth to water |1.00

 | | | | | | |

ShE: | | | | | | |

 Shouns--------------| 75 |Somewhat limited | |Not limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |0.70 | | | Depth to water |1.00

 | | Slope |0.28 | | | |

 | | | | | | |

ShF: | | | | | | |

 Shouns--------------| 75 |Somewhat limited | |Not limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |0.97 | | | Depth to water |1.00

 | | Seepage |0.70 | | | |

 | | | | | | |
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

618

Table 15.--Water Management--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 |Pct.| Pond reservoir areas | Embankments, dikes, and | Aquifer-fed

 Map symbol | of | | levees | excavated ponds

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

SmC: | | | | | | |

 Simoda--------------| 75 |Somewhat limited | |Very limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Seepage |0.70 | Depth to |0.99 | Slow refill |0.30

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.01 | saturated zone | | Cutbanks cave |0.10

 | | | | Thin layer |0.01 | Depth to hard |0.05

 | | | | | | bedrock |

 | | | | | | |

SoC: | | | | | | |

 Snowdog-------------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Depth to |0.99 | Cutbanks cave |0.10

 | | | | saturated zone | | Depth to |0.01

 | | | | Seepage |0.02 | saturated zone |

 | | | | | | |

SoE: | | | | | | |

 Snowdog-------------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Depth to |0.99 | Cutbanks cave |0.10

 | | Slope |0.28 | saturated zone | | Depth to |0.01

 | | | | Seepage |0.02 | saturated zone |

 | | | | | | |

SoF: | | | | | | |

 Snowdog-------------| 75 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Depth to |0.99 | Cutbanks cave |0.10

 | | Slope |0.97 | saturated zone |0.02 | Depth to |0.01

 | | | | Seepage |0.02 | saturated zone |

 | | | | | | |

SvC: | | | | | | |

 Summers-------------| 75 |Very limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Thin layer |0.96 | Depth to water |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.96 | Seepage |0.01 | |

 | | | | | | |

Tp: | | | | | | |

 Tioga---------------| 55 |Very limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Seepage |0.01 | Depth to water |1.00

 | | | | | | |

 Potomac-------------| 35 |Very limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Seepage |0.08 | Depth to water |1.00

 | | | | | | |

TrC: | | | | | | |

 Trussel-------------| 80 |Somewhat limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |0.70 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to water |1.00

 | | | | saturated zone | | |

 | | | | | | |

Uf: | | | | | | |

 Udifluvents---------| 45 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | |

 Fluvaquents---------| 35 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | |

Ux: | | | | | | |

 Udorthents----------| 60 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | |

 Rock outcrop--------| 35 |Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | |

WeC: | | | | | | |

 Weikert-------------| 80 |Somewhat limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.66 | Thin layer |1.00 | Depth to water |1.00

 | | Slope |0.01 | | | |

 | | | | | | |

WeD: | | | | | | |

 Weikert-------------| 75 |Somewhat limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.66 | Thin layer |1.00 | Depth to water |1.00

 | | Slope |0.12 | | | |

 | | | | | | |
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

619

Table 15.--Water Management--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 |Pct.| Pond reservoir areas | Embankments, dikes, and | Aquifer-fed

 Map symbol | of | | levees | excavated ponds

 and soil name |map |_________________________|_________________________|_________________________

 |unit| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____

 | | | | | | |

WeF: | | | | | | |

 Weikert-------------| 75 |Somewhat limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |0.88 | Thin layer |1.00 | Depth to water |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.66 | | | |

 | | | | | | |

WrG: | | | | | | |

 Weikert-------------| 40 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Thin layer |1.00 | Depth to water |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.66 | | | |

 | | | | | | |

 Berks---------------| 35 |Very limited | |Somewhat limited | |Very limited |

 | | Seepage |1.00 | Thin layer |0.86 | Depth to water |1.00

 | | Slope |1.00 | Large stones |0.03 | |

 | | Depth to bedrock |0.11 | content | | |

 | | | | | | |

 Rough---------------| 15 |Very limited | |Very limited | |Very limited |

 | | Slope |1.00 | Thin layer |1.00 | Depth to water |1.00

 | | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Large stones |0.01 | |

 | | | | content | | |

 | | | | | | |

ZoA: | | | | | | |

 Zoar----------------| 80 |Somewhat limited | |Very limited | |Somewhat limited |

 | | Seepage |0.02 | Depth to |0.99 | Slow refill |0.98

 | | | | saturated zone | | Cutbanks cave |0.10

 | | | | | | Depth to |0.01

 | | | | | | saturated zone |

_____________________|____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____|___________________|_____
620

Table 16.--Engineering Index Properties

(Absence of an entry indicates that the data were not estimated.)

________________________________________________________________________________________________________ | | | Classification | Fragments | Percentage pass Map symbol | Depth | USDA texture |___________________________|_____________| sieve number- and soil name | | | | | >10 | 3-10 |____________________ | | | Unified | AASHTO |inches|inches| 4 | 10 | 40 _________________|_______|_______________|_____________|_____________|______|______|______|______|______ | In | | | | Pct | Pct | | |  | | | | | | | | | AlB: | | | | | | | | |  Allegheny-------| 0-1 |Slightly |PT |A-8 | 0 | 0 | --- | --- | ---  | | decomposed | | | | | | |  | | plant material| | | | | | |  | 1-2 |Moderately |PT |A-8 | 0 | 0 | --- | --- | ---  | | decomposed | | | | | | |  | | plant material| | | | | | |  | 2-3 |Highly |PT |A-8 | 0 | 0 | --- | --- | ---  | | decomposed | | | | | | |  | | plant material| | | | | | |  | 3-10 |Loam |ML, CL |A-4 | 0 | 0 |91-100|73-100|56-96  | 10-49 |Silt loam, |SM, SC, ML, |A-4, A-6 | 0 | 0 |91-100|74-100|45-10 | | loam, clay | CL | | | | | |  | | loam, gravelly| | | | | | |  | | loam | | | | | | |  | 49-65 |Gravelly loam, |GC, CL, SM, |A-1, A-2, | 0 | 0-3 |73-100|39-100|27-10 | | clay loam, | ML | A-4, A-6 | | | | |  | | gravelly silty| | | | | | |  | | clay loam | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | AlC: | | | | | | | | |  Allegheny-------| 0-1 |Slightly |PT |A-8 | 0 | 0 | --- | --- | ---  | | decomposed | | | | | | |  | | plant material| | | | | | |  | 1-2 |Moderately |PT |A-8 | 0 | 0 | --- | --- | ---  | | decomposed | | | | | | |  | | plant material| | | | | | |  | 2-3 |Highly |PT |A-8 | 0 | 0 | --- | --- | ---  | | decomposed | | | | | | |  | | plant material| | | | | | |  | 3-10 |Loam |CL, ML |A-4 | 0 | 0 |91-100|73-100|56-96  | 10-49 |Silt loam, |SC, SM, ML, |A-4, A-6 | 0 | 0 |91-100|74-100|45-10 | | loam, clay | CL | | | | | |  | | loam, gravelly| | | | | | |  | | loam | | | | | | |  | 49-65 |Gravelly loam, |ML, GC, SM, |A-1, A-2, | 0 | 0-3 |73-100|39-100|27-10 | | clay loam, | CL | A-4, A-6 | | | | |  | | gravelly silty| | | | | | |  | | clay loam | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | 
621

Table 16.--Engineering Index Properties--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________ | | | Classification | Fragments | Percentage pass Map symbol | Depth | USDA texture |___________________________|_____________| sieve number- and soil name | | | | | >10 | 3-10 |____________________ | | | Unified | AASHTO |inches|inches| 4 | 10 | 40 _________________|_______|_______________|_____________|_____________|______|______|______|______|______ | In | | | | Pct | Pct | | |  | | | | | | | | | An: | | | | | | | | |  Atkins----------| 0-4 |Silt loam |ML, CL |A-7-5, A-7-6 | 0 | 0 |87-100|70-100|63-99  | 4-29 |Silty clay |ML, CL |A-7-6, A-6 | 0 | 0-5 |89-100|75-100|66-10 | | loam, silt | | | | | | |  | | loam, sandy | | | | | | |  | | loam | | | | | | |  | 29-65 |Gravelly silt |CL, SM, ML, |A-2, A-4, A-6| 0 | 0-10 |67-100|34-100|29-10 | | loam, silty | GM | | | | | |  | | clay loam, | | | | | | |  | | very gravelly | | | | | | |  | | silty clay | | | | | | |  | | loam, gravelly| | | | | | |  | | silty clay | | | | | | |  | | loam | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | |  Philo-----------| 0-8 |Silt loam |CL-ML, ML |A-4 | 0-5 | 0-5 |95-100|80-100|75-90  | 8-38 |Silt loam, loam|CL-ML, GM, |A-4 | 0-5 | 0-5 |80-100|75-100|70-90  | | | ML, SM | | | | | |  | 38-65 |Stratified fine|SM, SC, GM, |A-2, A-4 | 0-5 | 0-10 |25-100|20-100|15-95  | | sand to sandy | GC | | | | | |  | | loam to silt | | | | | | |  | | loam, silt | | | | | | |  | | loam | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | |  Potomac---------| 0-6 |Fine sandy loam|SC-SM, SM, |A-2, A-4 | 0 | 0-10 |52-100| 5-100| 4-10 | | | ML, CL-ML | | | | | |  | 6-65 |Extremely |GM, GW-GM |A-1 | 0 | 6-41 |44-59 | 4-38 | 3-35  | | gravelly sandy| | | | | | |  | | loam, | | | | | | |  | | extremely | | | | | | |  | | gravelly loamy| | | | | | |  | | sand, | | | | | | |  | | extremely | | | | | | |  | | gravelly sand,| | | | | | |  | | very gravelly | | | | | | |  | | loamy sand | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | 
622

Table 16.--Engineering Index Properties--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________ | | | Classification | Fragments | Percentage pass Map symbol | Depth | USDA texture |___________________________|_____________| sieve number- and soil name | | | | | >10 | 3-10 |____________________ | | | Unified | AASHTO |inches|inches| 4 | 10 | 40 _________________|_______|_______________|_____________|_____________|______|______|______|______|______ | In | | | | Pct | Pct | | |  | | | | | | | | | BaE: | | | | | | | | |  Belmont---------| 0-2 |Slightly |PT |A-8 | 0 | 1-25 | --- | --- | ---  | | decomposed | | | | | | |  | | plant material| | | | | | |  | 2-5 |Silt loam |CL, ML, CL-ML|A-4, A-6 | 0 | 0-4 |82-100|59-100|46-10 | 5-8 |Silt loam |ML, CL-ML, CL|A-4, A-6 | 0 | 0-4 |82-100|59-100|46-10 | 8-14 |Channery silt |CL-ML, ML, CL|A-4, A-6, A-7| 0 | 0-14 |81-100|58-100|46-10 | | loam, silty | | | | | | |  | | clay, silty | | | | | | |  | | clay loam | | | | | | |  | 14-25 |Channery silty |CL, CL-ML, ML|A-4, A-6, A-7| 0 | 0-20 |81-100|56-100|36-10 | | clay loam, | | | | | | |  | | silt loam, | | | | | | |  | | silty clay | | | | | | |  | 25-37 |Channery silty |CL |A-6, A-7 | 0 | 0-27 |80-100|54-100|43-10 | | clay, channery| | | | | | |  | | silty clay | | | | | | |  | | loam | | | | | | |  | 37-53 |Very channery |GC, CL |A-6, A-7 | 0 | 0-31 |47-86 |11-86 | 8-86  | | silty clay, | | | | | | |  | | channery silty| | | | | | |  | | clay loam, | | | | | | |  | | channery sandy| | | | | | |  | | clay loam | | | | | | |  | >53 |Unweathered | | | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---  | | bedrock | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | 
623

Table 16.--Engineering Index Properties--Continued

_______________________________________________________________________________________________________ | | | Classification | Fragments | Percentage pass Map symbol | Depth | USDA texture |___________________________|_____________| sieve number- and soil name | | | | | >10 | 3-10 |___________________ | | | Unified | AASHTO |inches|inches| 4 | 10 | 40 _________________|_______|_______________|_____________|_____________|______|______|______|______|_____ | In | | | | Pct | Pct | | |  | | | | | | | | | BcC: | | | | | | | | |  Berks-----------| 0-1 |Slightly |PT |A-8 | 1-25 | 1-25 | --- | --- | ---  | | decomposed | | | | | | |  | | plant material| | | | | | |  | 1-3 |Channery loam, |ML, GM |A-2, A-4 | 0 | 0-19 |55-95 |23-95 |19-95  | | channery silt | | | | | | |  | | loam | | | | | | |  | 3-6 |Channery loam, |ML, SC, GC, |A-2, A-4 | 0 | 0-18 |57-91 |26-91 |22-91  | | channery silt | GM | | | | | |  | | loam | | | | | | |  | 6-12 |Channery loam, |GC, SM, SC, |A-1, A-2, A-4| 0 | 0-27 |50-86 |12-86 | 9-86  | | very channery | GM | | | | | |  | | loam, channery| | | | | | |  | | silt loam, | | | | | | |  | | very channery | | | | | | |  | | silt loam | | | | | | |  | 12-23 |Channery loam, |SM, SC, GM, |A-1, A-2, A-4| 0 | 0-35 |48-86 | 8-86 | 6-86  | | very channery | GC | | | | | |  | | loam, channery| | | | | | |  | | silt loam, | | | | | | |  | | very channery | | | | | | |  | | silt loam | | | | | | |  | 23-30 |Extremely |GC-GM, SM, GM|A-1, A-2 | 0 | 0-47 |43-79 | 8-79 | 7-79  | | channery silt | | | | | | |  | | loam, very | | | | | | |  | | channery loam,| | | | | | |  | | very channery | | | | | | |  | | silt loam | | | | | | |  | 30-33 |Weathered | | | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---  | | bedrock | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | 
624

Table 16.--Engineering Index Properties--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________ | | | Classification | Fragments | Percentage pass Map symbol | Depth | USDA texture |___________________________|_____________| sieve number- and soil name | | | | | >10 | 3-10 |____________________ | | | Unified | AASHTO |inches|inches| 4 | 10 | 40 _________________|_______|_______________|_____________|_____________|______|______|______|______|______ | In | | | | Pct | Pct | | |  | | | | | | | | | BcE: | | | | | | | | |  Berks-----------| 0-1 |Slightly |PT |A-8 | 1-25 | 1-25 | --- | --- | ---  | | decomposed | | | | | | |  | | plant material| | | | | | |  | 1-3 |Channery loam, |GM, ML |A-2, A-4 | 0 | 0-19 |55-95 |23-95 |19-95  | | channery silt | | | | | | |  | | loam | | | | | | |  | 3-6 |Channery loam, |GC, GM, ML, |A-2, A-4 | 0 | 0-18 |57-91 |26-91 |22-91  | | channery silt | SC | | | | | |  | | loam | | | | | | |  | 6-12 |Channery loam, |GM, SM, GC, |A-1, A-2, A-4| 0 | 0-27 |50-86 |12-86 | 9-86  | | very channery | SC | | | | | |  | | loam, channery| | | | | | |  | | silt loam, | | | | | | |  | | very channery | | | | | | |  | | silt loam | | | | | | |  | 12-23 |Channery loam, |GC, SM, SC, |A-1, A-2, A-4| 0 | 0-35 |48-86 | 8-86 | 6-86  | | very channery | GM | | | | | |  | | loam, channery| | | | | | |  | | silt loam, | | | | | | |  | | very channery | | | | | | |  | | silt loam | | | | | | |  | 23-30 |Extremely |SM, GM, GC-GM|A-1, A-2 | 0 | 0-47 |43-79 | 8-79 | 7-79  | | channery silt | | | | | | |  | | loam, very | | | | | | |  | | channery loam,| | | | | | |  | | very channery | | | | | | |  | | silt loam | | | | | | |  | 30-33 |Weathered | | | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---  | | bedrock | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | 
625

Table 16.--Engineering Index Properties--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________ | | | Classification | Fragments | Percentage pass Map symbol | Depth | USDA texture |___________________________|_____________| sieve number- and soil name | | | | | >10 | 3-10 |____________________ | | | Unified | AASHTO |inches|inches| 4 | 10 | 40 _________________|_______|_______________|_____________|_____________|______|______|______|______|______ | In | | | | Pct | Pct | | |  | | | | | | | | | BcF: | | | | | | | | |  Berks-----------| 0-1 |Slightly |PT |A-8 | 1-25 | 1-25 | --- | --- | ---  | | decomposed | | | | | | |  | | plant material| | | | | | |  | 1-3 |Channery loam, |ML, GM |A-2, A-4 | 0 | 0-19 |55-95 |23-95 |19-95  | | channery silt | | | | | | |  | | loam | | | | | | |  | 3-6 |Channery loam, |GC, SC, GM, |A-2, A-4 | 0 | 0-18 |57-91 |26-91 |22-91  | | channery silt | ML | | | | | |  | | loam | | | | | | |  | 6-12 |Channery loam, |GC, SM, GM, |A-1, A-2, A-4| 0 | 0-27 |50-86 |12-86 | 9-86  | | very channery | SC | | | | | |  | | loam, channery| | | | | | |  | | silt loam, | | | | | | |  | | very channery | | | | | | |  | | silt loam | | | | | | |  | 12-23 |Channery loam, |GC, SC, GM, |A-1, A-2, A-4| 0 | 0-35 |48-86 | 8-86 | 6-86  | | very channery | SM | | | | | |  | | loam, channery| | | | | | |  | | silt loam, | | | | | | |  | | very channery | | | | | | |  | | silt loam | | | | | | |  | 23-30 |Extremely |SM, GC-GM, GM|A-1, A-2 | 0 | 0-47 |43-79 | 8-79 | 7-79  | | channery silt | | | | | | |  | | loam, very | | | | | | |  | | channery loam,| | | | | | |  | | very channery | | | | | | |  | | silt loam | | | | | | |  | 30-33 |Weathered | | | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---  | | bedrock | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | 
626

Table 16.--Engineering Index Properties--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________ | | | Classification | Fragments | Percentage pass Map symbol | Depth | USDA texture |___________________________|_____________| sieve number- and soil name | | | | | >10 | 3-10 |____________________ | | | Unified | AASHTO |inches|inches| 4 | 10 | 40 _________________|_______|_______________|_____________|_____________|______|______|______|______|______ | In | | | | Pct | Pct | | |  | | | | | | | | | BkG: | | | | | | | | |  Berks-----------| 0-1 |Slightly |PT |A-8 | 1-25 | 1-25 | --- | --- | ---  | | decomposed | | | | | | |  | | plant material| | | | | | |  | 1-3 |Channery loam, |GM, ML |A-2, A-4 | 0 | 0-19 |55-95 |23-95 |19-95  | | channery silt | | | | | | |  | | loam | | | | | | |  | 3-6 |Channery loam, |SC, GC, GM, |A-2, A-4 | 0 | 0-18 |57-91 |26-91 |22-91  | | channery silt | ML | | | | | |  | | loam | | | | | | |  | 6-12 |Channery loam, |GC, SM, SC, |A-1, A-2, A-4| 0 | 0-27 |50-86 |12-86 | 9-86  | | very channery | GM | | | | | |  | | loam, channery| | | | | | |  | | silt loam, | | | | | | |  | | very channery | | | | | | |  | | silt loam | | | | | | |  | 12-23 |Channery loam, |GC, SM, SC, |A-1, A-2, A-4| 0 | 0-35 |48-86 | 8-86 | 6-86  | | very channery | GM | | | | | |  | | loam, channery| | | | | | |  | | silt loam, | | | | | | |  | | very channery | | | | | | |  | | silt loam | | | | | | |  | 23-30 |Extremely |GC-GM, GM, SM|A-1, A-2 | 0 | 0-47 |43-79 | 8-79 | 7-79  | | channery silt | | | | | | |  | | loam, very | | | | | | |  | | channery loam,| | | | | | |  | | very channery | | | | | | |  | | silt loam | | | | | | |  | 30-33 |Weathered | | | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---  | | bedrock | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | |  Weikert---------| 0-1 |Slightly |PT |A-8 | 1-25 | 1-25 | --- | --- | ---  | | decomposed | | | | | | |  | | plant material| | | | | | |  | 1-7 |Very channery |SM, ML, GM |A-1, A-2, A-4| 0-3 | 8-31 |46-85 | 6-75 | 5-75  | | silt loam, | | | | | | |  | | loam, channery| | | | | | |  | | silt loam | | | | | | |  | 7-16 |Very channery |GP-GM, GM |A-1, A-2 | 0-3 |21-31 |47-82 | 7-64 | 6-64  | | silt loam, | | | | | | |  | | loam, | | | | | | |  | | extremely | | | | | | |  | | channery silt | | | | | | |  | | loam | | | | | | |  | >16 |Unweathered | | | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---  | | bedrock | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | 
627

Table 16.--Engineering Index Properties--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________ | | | Classification | Fragments | Percentage pass Map symbol | Depth | USDA texture |___________________________|_____________| sieve number- and soil name | | | | | >10 | 3-10 |____________________ | | | Unified | AASHTO |inches|inches| 4 | 10 | 40 _________________|_______|_______________|_____________|_____________|______|______|______|______|______ | In | | | | Pct | Pct | | |  | | | | | | | | | BkG: | | | | | | | | |  Calvin----------| 0-1 |Slightly |PT |A-8 | 1-25 | 1-25 | --- | --- | ---  | | decomposed | | | | | | |  | | plant material| | | | | | |  | 1-5 |Channery silt |CL, ML |A-4 | 0-4 | 3-11 |73-100|47-100|41-10 | | loam | | | | | | |  | 5-28 |Very channery |GM, ML, SM |A-2, A-4, A-6| 0 | 0-19 |74-97 |39-97 |32-97  | | silt loam, | | | | | | |  | | channery loam,| | | | | | |  | | channery clay | | | | | | |  | | loam, channery| | | | | | |  | | silt loam | | | | | | |  | 28-40 |Channery silt |SM, GC-GM, |A-1, A-2, A-6| 0 | 0-31 |46-82 | 8-82 | 7-82  | | loam, very | GM, SC-SM | | | | | |  | | channery silt | | | | | | |  | | loam, very | | | | | | |  | | channery loam,| | | | | | |  | | extremely | | | | | | |  | | channery silt | | | | | | |  | | loam | | | | | | |  | 40-44 |Weathered | | | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---  | | bedrock | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | 
628

Table 16.--Engineering Index Properties--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________ | | | Classification | Fragments | Percentage pass Map symbol | Depth | USDA texture |___________________________|_____________| sieve number- and soil name | | | | | >10 | 3-10 |____________________ | | | Unified | AASHTO |inches|inches| 4 | 10 | 40 _________________|_______|_______________|_____________|_____________|______|______|______|______|______ | In | | | | Pct | Pct | | |  | | | | | | | | | BlC: | | | | | | | | |  Berks-----------| 0-1 |Slightly |PT |A-8 | 1-25 | 1-25 | --- | --- | ---  | | decomposed | | | | | | |  | | plant material| | | | | | |  | 1-3 |Channery loam, |ML, GM |A-2, A-4 | 0 | 0-19 |55-95 |23-95 |19-95  | | channery silt | | | | | | |  | | loam | | | | | | |  | 3-6 |Channery loam, |ML, SC, GM, |A-2, A-4 | 0 | 0-18 |57-91 |26-91 |22-91  | | channery silt | GC | | | | | |  | | loam | | | | | | |  | 6-12 |Channery loam, |SC, GM, GC, |A-1, A-2, A-4| 0 | 0-27 |50-86 |12-86 | 9-86  | | very channery | SM | | | | | |  | | loam, channery| | | | | | |  | | silt loam, | | | | | | |  | | very channery | | | | | | |  | | silt loam | | | | | | |  | 12-23 |Channery loam, |GC, SC, GM, |A-1, A-2, A-4| 0 | 0-35 |48-86 | 8-86 | 6-86  | | very channery | SM | | | | | |  | | loam, channery| | | | | | |  | | silt loam, | | | | | | |  | | very channery | | | | | | |  | | silt loam | | | | | | |  | 23-30 |Extremely |GC-GM, GM, SM|A-1, A-2 | 0 | 0-47 |43-79 | 8-79 | 7-79  | | channery silt | | | | | | |  | | loam, very | | | | | | |  | | channery loam,| | | | | | |  | | very channery | | | | | | |  | | silt loam | | | | | | |  | 30-33 |Weathered | | | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---  | | bedrock | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | 
629

Table 16.--Engineering Index Properties--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________ | | | Classification | Fragments | Percentage pass Map symbol | Depth | USDA texture |___________________________|_____________| sieve number- and soil name | | | | | >10 | 3-10 |____________________ | | | Unified | AASHTO |inches|inches| 4 | 10 | 40 _________________|_______|_______________|_____________|_____________|______|______|______|______|______ | In | | | | Pct | Pct | | |  | | | | | | | | | BlC: | | | | | | | | |  Dekalb----------| 0-1 |Slightly |PT |A-8 | 1-25 | 1-25 | --- | --- | ---  | | decomposed | | | | | | |  | | plant material| | | | | | |  | 1-2 |Channery sandy |GM, SM |A-2, A-1, A-4| 1-6 | 9-30 |62-96 |47-95 |27-73  | | loam | | | | | | |  | 2-4 |Channery sandy |GM, SM |A-4, A-1, A-2| 1-10 | 9-31 |46-96 |11-95 | 6-73  | | loam | | | | | | |  | 4-8 |Very channery |CL-ML, ML, |A-2, A-1, A-4| 1-20 | 9-41 |46-96 |11-95 | 8-94  | | loam | SM, GM | | | | | |  | 8-15 |Channery sandy |SM, ML, |A-1, A-2, A-4| 0 | 7-41 |39-92 | 9-88 | ---  | | loam, very | GC-GM, GM | | | | | |  | | channery loam,| | | | | | |  | | very channery | | | | | | |  | | sandy loam | | | | | | |  | 15-23 |Channery sandy |SM, GC-GM, |A-1, A-2, A-4| 0 | 7-52 |39-92 | 9-88 | ---  | | loam, very | GM, ML | | | | | |  | | channery loam,| | | | | | |  | | very channery | | | | | | |  | | sandy loam | | | | | | |  | 23-34 |Extremely |GM, GC, SC, |A-1, A-2, A-4| 2-10 |37-62 |30-59 | 7-59 | ---  | | channery sandy| SM | | | | | |  | | loam, very | | | | | | |  | | channery loamy| | | | | | |  | | sand | | | | | | |  | >34 |Unweathered | | | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---  | | bedrock | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | 
630

Table 16.--Engineering Index Properties--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________ | | | Classification | Fragments | Percentage pass Map symbol | Depth | USDA texture |___________________________|_____________| sieve number- and soil name | | | | | >10 | 3-10 |____________________ | | | Unified | AASHTO |inches|inches| 4 | 10 | 40 _________________|_______|_______________|_____________|_____________|______|______|______|______|______ | In | | | | Pct | Pct | | |  | | | | | | | | | BlE: | | | | | | | | |  Berks-----------| 0-1 |Slightly |PT |A-8 | 1-25 | 1-25 | --- | --- | ---  | | decomposed | | | | | | |  | | plant material| | | | | | |  | 1-3 |Channery loam, |GM, ML |A-2, A-4 | 0 | 0-19 |55-95 |23-95 |19-95  | | channery silt | | | | | | |  | | loam | | | | | | |  | 3-6 |Channery loam, |GC, SC, ML, |A-2, A-4 | 0 | 0-18 |57-91 |26-91 |22-91  | | channery silt | GM | | | | | |  | | loam | | | | | | |  | 6-12 |Channery loam, |SC, SM, GC, |A-1, A-2, A-4| 0 | 0-27 |50-86 |12-86 | 9-86  | | very channery | GM | | | | | |  | | loam, channery| | | | | | |  | | silt loam, | | | | | | |  | | very channery | | | | | | |  | | silt loam | | | | | | |  | 12-23 |Channery loam, |GM, SC, SM, |A-1, A-2, A-4| 0 | 0-35 |48-86 | 8-86 | 6-86  | | very channery | GC | | | | | |  | | loam, channery| | | | | | |  | | silt loam, | | | | | | |  | | very channery | | | | | | |  | | silt loam | | | | | | |  | 23-30 |Extremely |GC-GM, GM, SM|A-1, A-2 | 0 | 0-47 |43-79 | 8-79 | 7-79  | | channery silt | | | | | | |  | | loam, very | | | | | | |  | | channery loam,| | | | | | |  | | very channery | | | | | | |  | | silt loam | | | | | | |  | 30-33 |Weathered | | | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---  | | bedrock | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | 
631

Table 16.--Engineering Index Properties--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________ | | | Classification | Fragments | Percentage pass Map symbol | Depth | USDA texture |___________________________|_____________| sieve number- and soil name | | | | | >10 | 3-10 |____________________ | | | Unified | AASHTO |inches|inches| 4 | 10 | 40 _________________|_______|_______________|_____________|_____________|______|______|______|______|______ | In | | | | Pct | Pct | | |  | | | | | | | | | BlE: | | | | | | | | |  Dekalb----------| 0-1 |Slightly |PT |A-8 | 1-25 | 1-25 | --- | --- | ---  | | decomposed | | | | | | |  | | plant material| | | | | | |  | 1-2 |Channery sandy |GM, SM |A-2, A-1, A-4| 1-6 | 9-30 |62-96 |47-95 |27-73  | | loam | | | | | | |  | 2-4 |Channery sandy |SM, GM |A-4, A-1, A-2| 1-10 | 9-31 |46-96 |11-95 | 6-73  | | loam | | | | | | |  | 4-8 |Very channery |SM, ML, |A-2, A-1, A-4| 1-20 | 9-41 |46-96 |11-95 | 8-94  | | loam | CL-ML, GM | | | | | |  | 8-15 |Channery sandy |GC-GM, ML, |A-1, A-2, A-4| 0 | 7-41 |39-92 | 9-88 | ---  | | loam, very | SM, GM | | | | | |  | | channery loam,| | | | | | |  | | very channery | | | | | | |  | | sandy loam | | | | | | |  | 15-23 |Channery sandy |GM, GC-GM, |A-1, A-2, A-4| 0 | 7-52 |39-92 | 9-88 | ---  | | loam, very | SM, ML | | | | | |  | | channery loam,| | | | | | |  | | very channery | | | | | | |  | | sandy loam | | | | | | |  | 23-34 |Extremely |SM, SC, GC, |A-1, A-2, A-4| 2-10 |37-62 |30-59 | 7-59 | ---  | | channery sandy| GM | | | | | |  | | loam, very | | | | | | |  | | channery loamy| | | | | | |  | | sand | | | | | | |  | >34 |Unweathered | | | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---  | | bedrock | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | 
632

Table 16.--Engineering Index Properties--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________ | | | Classification | Fragments | Percentage pass Map symbol | Depth | USDA texture |___________________________|_____________| sieve number- and soil name | | | | | >10 | 3-10 |____________________ | | | Unified | AASHTO |inches|inches| 4 | 10 | 40 _________________|_______|_______________|_____________|_____________|______|______|______|______|______ | In | | | | Pct | Pct | | |  | | | | | | | | | BlF: | | | | | | | | |  Berks-----------| 0-1 |Slightly |PT |A-8 | 1-25 | 1-25 | --- | --- | ---  | | decomposed | | | | | | |  | | plant material| | | | | | |  | 1-3 |Channery loam, |GM, ML |A-2, A-4 | 0 | 0-19 |55-95 |23-95 |19-95  | | channery silt | | | | | | |  | | loam | | | | | | |  | 3-6 |Channery loam, |GM, GC, ML, |A-2, A-4 | 0 | 0-18 |57-91 |26-91 |22-91  | | channery silt | SC | | | | | |  | | loam | | | | | | |  | 6-12 |Channery loam, |GM, GC, SM, |A-1, A-2, A-4| 0 | 0-27 |50-86 |12-86 | 9-86  | | very channery | SC | | | | | |  | | loam, channery| | | | | | |  | | silt loam, | | | | | | |  | | very channery | | | | | | |  | | silt loam | | | | | | |  | 12-23 |Channery loam, |GM, SC, SM, |A-1, A-2, A-4| 0 | 0-35 |48-86 | 8-86 | 6-86  | | very channery | GC | | | | | |  | | loam, channery| | | | | | |  | | silt loam, | | | | | | |  | | very channery | | | | | | |  | | silt loam | | | | | | |  | 23-30 |Extremely |SM, GM, GC-GM|A-1, A-2 | 0 | 0-47 |43-79 | 8-79 | 7-79  | | channery silt | | | | | | |  | | loam, very | | | | | | |  | | channery loam,| | | | | | |  | | very channery | | | | | | |  | | silt loam | | | | | | |  | 30-33 |Weathered | | | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---  | | bedrock | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | 
633

Table 16.--Engineering Index Properties--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________ | | | Classification | Fragments | Percentage pass Map symbol | Depth | USDA texture |___________________________|_____________| sieve number- and soil name | | | | | >10 | 3-10 |____________________ | | | Unified | AASHTO |inches|inches| 4 | 10 | 40 _________________|_______|_______________|_____________|_____________|______|______|______|______|______ | In | | | | Pct | Pct | | |  | | | | | | | | | BlF: | | | | | | | | |  Dekalb----------| 0-1 |Slightly |PT |A-8 | 1-25 | 1-25 | --- | --- | ---  | | decomposed | | | | | | |  | | plant material| | | | | | |  | 1-2 |Channery sandy |GM, SM |A-2, A-1, A-4| 1-6 | 9-30 |62-96 |47-95 |27-73  | | loam | | | | | | |  | 2-4 |Channery sandy |GM, SM |A-4, A-1, A-2| 1-10 | 9-31 |46-96 |11-95 | 6-73  | | loam | | | | | | |  | 4-8 |Very channery |SM, ML, |A-2, A-1, A-4| 1-20 | 9-41 |46-96 |11-95 | 8-94  | | loam | CL-ML, GM | | | | | |  | 8-15 |Channery sandy |ML, SM, GM, |A-1, A-2, A-4| 0 | 7-41 |39-92 | 9-88 | ---  | | loam, very | GC-GM | | | | | |  | | channery loam,| | | | | | |  | | very channery | | | | | | |  | | sandy loam | | | | | | |  | 15-23 |Channery sandy |GC-GM, ML, |A-1, A-2, A-4| 0 | 7-52 |39-92 | 9-88 | ---  | | loam, very | SM, GM | | | | | |  | | channery loam,| | | | | | |  | | very channery | | | | | | |  | | sandy loam | | | | | | |  | 23-34 |Extremely |GC, GM, SM, |A-1, A-2, A-4| 2-10 |37-62 |30-59 | 7-59 | ---  | | channery sandy| SC | | | | | |  | | loam, very | | | | | | |  | | channery loamy| | | | | | |  | | sand | | | | | | |  | >34 |Unweathered | | | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---  | | bedrock | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | 
634

Table 16.--Engineering Index Properties--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________ | | | Classification | Fragments | Percentage pass Map symbol | Depth | USDA texture |___________________________|_____________| sieve number- and soil name | | | | | >10 | 3-10 |____________________ | | | Unified | AASHTO |inches|inches| 4 | 10 | 40 _________________|_______|_______________|_____________|_____________|______|______|______|______|______ | In | | | | Pct | Pct | | |  | | | | | | | | | BrE: | | | | | | | | |  Berks-----------| 0-1 |Slightly |PT |A-8 | 1-25 | 1-25 | --- | --- | ---  | | decomposed | | | | | | |  | | plant material| | | | | | |  | 1-3 |Channery loam, |ML, GM |A-2, A-4 | 0 | 0-19 |55-95 |23-95 |19-95  | | channery silt | | | | | | |  | | loam | | | | | | |  | 3-6 |Channery loam, |ML, SC, GM, |A-2, A-4 | 0 | 0-18 |57-91 |26-91 |22-91  | | channery silt | GC | | | | | |  | | loam | | | | | | |  | 6-12 |Channery loam, |GM, SC, SM, |A-1, A-2, A-4| 0 | 0-27 |50-86 |12-86 | 9-86  | | very channery | GC | | | | | |  | | loam, channery| | | | | | |  | | silt loam, | | | | | | |  | | very channery | | | | | | |  | | silt loam | | | | | | |  | 12-23 |Channery loam, |GC, SM, SC, |A-1, A-2, A-4| 0 | 0-35 |48-86 | 8-86 | 6-86  | | very channery | GM | | | | | |  | | loam, channery| | | | | | |  | | silt loam, | | | | | | |  | | very channery | | | | | | |  | | silt loam | | | | | | |  | 23-30 |Extremely |GC-GM, GM, SM|A-1, A-2 | 0 | 0-47 |43-79 | 8-79 | 7-79  | | channery silt | | | | | | |  | | loam, very | | | | | | |  | | channery loam,| | | | | | |  | | very channery | | | | | | |  | | silt loam | | | | | | |  | 30-33 |Weathered | | | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---  | | bedrock | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | |  Weikert---------| 0-1 |Slightly |PT |A-8 | 1-25 | 1-25 | --- | --- | ---  | | decomposed | | | | | | |  | | plant material| | | | | | |  | 1-7 |Very channery |GM, ML, SM |A-1, A-2, A-4| 0-3 | 8-31 |46-85 | 6-75 | 5-75  | | silt loam, | | | | | | |  | | loam, channery| | | | | | |  | | silt loam | | | | | | |  | 7-16 |Very channery |GM, GP-GM |A-1, A-2 | 0-3 |21-31 |47-82 | 7-64 | 6-64  | | silt loam, | | | | | | |  | | loam, | | | | | | |  | | extremely | | | | | | |  | | channery silt | | | | | | |  | | loam | | | | | | |  | >16 |Unweathered | | | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---  | | bedrock | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | 
635

Table 16.--Engineering Index Properties--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________ | | | Classification | Fragments | Percentage pass Map symbol | Depth | USDA texture |___________________________|_____________| sieve number- and soil name | | | | | >10 | 3-10 |____________________ | | | Unified | AASHTO |inches|inches| 4 | 10 | 40 _________________|_______|_______________|_____________|_____________|______|______|______|______|______ | In | | | | Pct | Pct | | |  | | | | | | | | | BrF: | | | | | | | | |  Berks-----------| 0-1 |Slightly |PT |A-8 | 1-25 | 1-25 | --- | --- | ---  | | decomposed | | | | | | |  | | plant material| | | | | | |  | 1-3 |Channery loam, |GM, ML |A-2, A-4 | 0 | 0-19 |55-95 |23-95 |19-95  | | channery silt | | | | | | |  | | loam | | | | | | |  | 3-6 |Channery loam, |GC, GM, SC, |A-2, A-4 | 0 | 0-18 |57-91 |26-91 |22-91  | | channery silt | ML | | | | | |  | | loam | | | | | | |  | 6-12 |Channery loam, |GM, SC, SM, |A-1, A-2, A-4| 0 | 0-27 |50-86 |12-86 | 9-86  | | very channery | GC | | | | | |  | | loam, channery| | | | | | |  | | silt loam, | | | | | | |  | | very channery | | | | | | |  | | silt loam | | | | | | |  | 12-23 |Channery loam, |SM, GC, SC, |A-1, A-2, A-4| 0 | 0-35 |48-86 | 8-86 | 6-86  | | very channery | GM | | | | | |  | | loam, channery| | | | | | |  | | silt loam, | | | | | | |  | | very channery | | | | | | |  | | silt loam | | | | | | |  | 23-30 |Extremely |GC-GM, GM, SM|A-1, A-2 | 0 | 0-47 |43-79 | 8-79 | 7-79  | | channery silt | | | | | | |  | | loam, very | | | | | | |  | | channery loam,| | | | | | |  | | very channery | | | | | | |  | | silt loam | | | | | | |  | 30-33 |Weathered | | | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---  | | bedrock | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | |  Weikert---------| 0-1 |Slightly |PT |A-8 | 1-25 | 1-25 | --- | --- | ---  | | decomposed | | | | | | |  | | plant material| | | | | | |  | 1-7 |Very channery |SM, ML, GM |A-1, A-2, A-4| 0-3 | 8-31 |46-85 | 6-75 | 5-75  | | silt loam, | | | | | | |  | | loam, channery| | | | | | |  | | silt loam | | | | | | |  | 7-16 |Very channery |GP-GM, GM |A-1, A-2 | 0-3 |21-31 |47-82 | 7-64 | 6-64  | | silt loam, | | | | | | |  | | loam, | | | | | | |  | | extremely | | | | | | |  | | channery silt | | | | | | |  | | loam | | | | | | |  | >16 |Unweathered | | | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---  | | bedrock | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | 
636

Table 16.--Engineering Index Properties--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________ | | | Classification | Fragments | Percentage pass Map symbol | Depth | USDA texture |___________________________|_____________| sieve number- and soil name | | | | | >10 | 3-10 |____________________ | | | Unified | AASHTO |inches|inches| 4 | 10 | 40 _________________|_______|_______________|_____________|_____________|______|______|______|______|______ | In | | | | Pct | Pct | | |  | | | | | | | | | BtC: | | | | | | | | |  Blackthorn------| 0-1 |Slightly |PT |A-8 |25-43 |25-43 | --- | --- | ---  | | decomposed | | | | | | |  | | plant material| | | | | | |  | 1-6 |Very channery |ML, SM, SC-SM|A-1, A-2, A-4| 5-31 | 5-42 |38-94 | 8-94 | 6-90  | | loam | | | | | | |  | 6-44 |Very channery |GM, SC, |A-1, A-2, A-4| 0 | 5-21 |57-92 |11-92 | 7-92  | | sandy clay | SC-SM, SM | | | | | |  | | loam, clay | | | | | | |  | | loam, channery| | | | | | |  | | loam, channery| | | | | | |  | | sandy loam, | | | | | | |  | | very channery | | | | | | |  | | loam, very | | | | | | |  | | channery clay | | | | | | |  | | loam | | | | | | |  | 44-65 |Silty clay |CL, CH |A-6, A-7 | 0 | 0-25 |58-100|41-100|33-10 | | loam, silty | | | | | | |  | | clay | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | BtE: | | | | | | | | |  Blackthorn------| 0-1 |Slightly |PT |A-8 |25-43 |25-43 | --- | --- | ---  | | decomposed | | | | | | |  | | plant material| | | | | | |  | 1-6 |Very channery |ML, SC-SM, SM|A-1, A-2, A-4| 5-31 | 5-42 |38-94 | 8-94 | 6-90  | | loam | | | | | | |  | 6-44 |Very channery |GM, SM, |A-1, A-2, A-4| 0 | 5-21 |57-92 |11-92 | 7-92  | | sandy clay | SC-SM, SC | | | | | |  | | loam, clay | | | | | | |  | | loam, channery| | | | | | |  | | loam, channery| | | | | | |  | | sandy loam, | | | | | | |  | | very channery | | | | | | |  | | loam, very | | | | | | |  | | channery clay | | | | | | |  | | loam | | | | | | |  | 44-65 |Silty clay |CL, CH |A-6, A-7 | 0 | 0-25 |58-100|41-100|33-10 | | loam, silty | | | | | | |  | | clay | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | 
637

Table 16.--Engineering Index Properties--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________ | | | Classification | Fragments | Percentage pass Map symbol | Depth | USDA texture |___________________________|_____________| sieve number- and soil name | | | | | >10 | 3-10 |____________________ | | | Unified | AASHTO |inches|inches| 4 | 10 | 40 _________________|_______|_______________|_____________|_____________|______|______|______|______|______ | In | | | | Pct | Pct | | |  | | | | | | | | | BxF: | | | | | | | | |  Briery----------| 0-2 |Very channery |GC |A-2 | 0 | 3-24 |52-70 |35-70 |32-70  | | silt loam | | | | | | |  | 2-65 |Very channery |GC |A-2 | 0 | 4-19 |46-71 |23-71 |21-71  | | silt loam, | | | | | | |  | | extremely | | | | | | |  | | channery silty| | | | | | |  | | clay loam | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | |  Rock outcrop----| 0-10 |Unweathered | | | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---  | | bedrock | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | CbC: | | | | | | | | |  Calvin----------| 0-1 |Slightly |PT |A-8 | 1-25 | 1-25 | --- | --- | ---  | | decomposed | | | | | | |  | | plant material| | | | | | |  | 1-5 |Channery silt |CL, ML |A-4 | 0-4 | 3-11 |73-100|47-100|41-10 | | loam | | | | | | |  | 5-28 |Very channery |ML, SM, GM |A-2, A-4, A-6| 0 | 0-19 |74-97 |39-97 |32-97  | | silt loam, | | | | | | |  | | channery loam,| | | | | | |  | | channery clay | | | | | | |  | | loam, channery| | | | | | |  | | silt loam | | | | | | |  | 28-40 |Channery silt |SM, GC-GM, |A-1, A-2, A-6| 0 | 0-31 |46-82 | 8-82 | 7-82  | | loam, very | GM, SC-SM | | | | | |  | | channery silt | | | | | | |  | | loam, very | | | | | | |  | | channery loam,| | | | | | |  | | extremely | | | | | | |  | | channery silt | | | | | | |  | | loam | | | | | | |  | 40-44 |Weathered | | | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---  | | bedrock | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | 
638

Table 16.--Engineering Index Properties--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________ | | | Classification | Fragments | Percentage pass Map symbol | Depth | USDA texture |___________________________|_____________| sieve number- and soil name | | | | | >10 | 3-10 |____________________ | | | Unified | AASHTO |inches|inches| 4 | 10 | 40 _________________|_______|_______________|_____________|_____________|______|______|______|______|______ | In | | | | Pct | Pct | | |  | | | | | | | | | CbC: | | | | | | | | |  Dekalb----------| 0-1 |Slightly |PT |A-8 | 1-25 | 1-25 | --- | --- | ---  | | decomposed | | | | | | |  | | plant material| | | | | | |  | 1-2 |Channery sandy |GM, SM |A-2, A-1, A-4| 1-6 | 9-30 |62-96 |47-95 |27-73  | | loam | | | | | | |  | 2-4 |Channery sandy |SM, GM |A-4, A-1, A-2| 1-10 | 9-31 |46-96 |11-95 | 6-73  | | loam | | | | | | |  | 4-8 |Very channery |SM, GM, |A-2, A-1, A-4| 1-20 | 9-41 |46-96 |11-95 | 8-94  | | loam | CL-ML, ML | | | | | |  | 8-15 |Channery sandy |ML, GM, |A-1, A-2, A-4| 0 | 7-41 |39-92 | 9-88 | ---  | | loam, very | GC-GM, SM | | | | | |  | | channery loam,| | | | | | |  | | very channery | | | | | | |  | | sandy loam | | | | | | |  | 15-23 |Channery sandy |GC-GM, GM, |A-1, A-2, A-4| 0 | 7-52 |39-92 | 9-88 | ---  | | loam, very | ML, SM | | | | | |  | | channery loam,| | | | | | |  | | very channery | | | | | | |  | | sandy loam | | | | | | |  | 23-34 |Extremely |SM, SC, GM, |A-2, A-4, A-1| 2-10 |37-62 |30-59 | 7-59 | ---  | | channery sandy| GC | | | | | |  | | loam, very | | | | | | |  | | channery loamy| | | | | | |  | | sand | | | | | | |  | >34 |Unweathered | | | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---  | | bedrock | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | 
639

Table 16.--Engineering Index Properties--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________ | | | Classification | Fragments | Percentage pass Map symbol | Depth | USDA texture |___________________________|_____________| sieve number- and soil name | | | | | >10 | 3-10 |____________________ | | | Unified | AASHTO |inches|inches| 4 | 10 | 40 _________________|_______|_______________|_____________|_____________|______|______|______|______|______ | In | | | | Pct | Pct | | |  | | | | | | | | | CbC: | | | | | | | | |  Berks-----------| 0-1 |Slightly |PT |A-8 | 1-25 | 1-25 | --- | --- | ---  | | decomposed | | | | | | |  | | plant material| | | | | | |  | 1-3 |Channery loam, |GM, ML |A-2, A-4 | 0 | 0-19 |55-95 |23-95 |19-95  | | channery silt | | | | | | |  | | loam | | | | | | |  | 3-6 |Channery loam, |ML, GC, SC, |A-2, A-4 | 0 | 0-18 |57-91 |26-91 |22-91  | | channery silt | GM | | | | | |  | | loam | | | | | | |  | 6-12 |Channery loam, |GM, SC, SM, |A-1, A-2, A-4| 0 | 0-27 |50-86 |12-86 | 9-86  | | very channery | GC | | | | | |  | | loam, channery| | | | | | |  | | silt loam, | | | | | | |  | | very channery | | | | | | |  | | silt loam | | | | | | |  | 12-23 |Channery loam, |GM, GC, SC, |A-1, A-2, A-4| 0 | 0-35 |48-86 | 8-86 | 6-86  | | very channery | SM | | | | | |  | | loam, channery| | | | | | |  | | silt loam, | | | | | | |  | | very channery | | | | | | |  | | silt loam | | | | | | |  | 23-30 |Extremely |GC-GM, GM, SM|A-1, A-2 | 0 | 0-47 |43-79 | 8-79 | 7-79  | | channery silt | | | | | | |  | | loam, very | | | | | | |  | | channery loam,| | | | | | |  | | very channery | | | | | | |  | | silt loam | | | | | | |  | 30-33 |Weathered | | | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---  | | bedrock | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | 
640

Table 16.--Engineering Index Properties--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________ | | | Classification | Fragments | Percentage pass Map symbol | Depth | USDA texture |___________________________|_____________| sieve number- and soil name | | | | | >10 | 3-10 |____________________ | | | Unified | AASHTO |inches|inches| 4 | 10 | 40 _________________|_______|_______________|_____________|_____________|______|______|______|______|______ | In | | | | Pct | Pct | | |  | | | | | | | | | CbE: | | | | | | | | |  Calvin----------| 0-1 |Slightly |PT |A-8 | 1-25 | 1-25 | --- | --- | ---  | | decomposed | | | | | | |  | | plant material| | | | | | |  | 1-5 |Channery silt |CL, ML |A-4 | 0-4 | 3-11 |73-100|47-100|41-10 | | loam | | | | | | |  | 5-28 |Very channery |SM, ML, GM |A-2, A-4, A-6| 0 | 0-19 |74-97 |39-97 |32-97  | | silt loam, | | | | | | |  | | channery loam,| | | | | | |  | | channery clay | | | | | | |  | | loam, channery| | | | | | |  | | silt loam | | | | | | |  | 28-40 |Channery silt |GM, GC-GM, |A-1, A-2, A-6| 0 | 0-31 |46-82 | 8-82 | 7-82  | | loam, very | SM, SC-SM | | | | | |  | | channery silt | | | | | | |  | | loam, very | | | | | | |  | | channery loam,| | | | | | |  | | extremely | | | | | | |  | | channery silt | | | | | | |  | | loam | | | | | | |  | 40-44 |Weathered | | | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---  | | bedrock | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | 
641

Table 16.--Engineering Index Properties--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________ | | | Classification | Fragments | Percentage pass Map symbol | Depth | USDA texture |___________________________|_____________| sieve number- and soil name | | | | | >10 | 3-10 |____________________ | | | Unified | AASHTO |inches|inches| 4 | 10 | 40 _________________|_______|_______________|_____________|_____________|______|______|______|______|______ | In | | | | Pct | Pct | | |  | | | | | | | | | CbE: | | | | | | | | |  Dekalb----------| 0-1 |Slightly |PT |A-8 | 1-25 | 1-25 | --- | --- | ---  | | decomposed | | | | | | |  | | plant material| | | | | | |  | 1-2 |Channery sandy |GM, SM |A-2, A-1, A-4| 1-6 | 9-30 |62-96 |47-95 |27-73  | | loam | | | | | | |  | 2-4 |Channery sandy |SM, GM |A-4, A-1, A-2| 1-10 | 9-31 |46-96 |11-95 | 6-73  | | loam | | | | | | |  | 4-8 |Very channery |CL-ML, GM, |A-2, A-1, A-4| 1-20 | 9-41 |46-96 |11-95 | 8-94  | | loam | ML, SM | | | | | |  | 8-15 |Channery sandy |GM, SM, ML, |A-1, A-2, A-4| 0 | 7-41 |39-92 | 9-88 | ---  | | loam, very | GC-GM | | | | | |  | | channery loam,| | | | | | |  | | very channery | | | | | | |  | | sandy loam | | | | | | |  | 15-23 |Channery sandy |GC-GM, GM, |A-1, A-2, A-4| 0 | 7-52 |39-92 | 9-88 | ---  | | loam, very | SM, ML | | | | | |  | | channery loam,| | | | | | |  | | very channery | | | | | | |  | | sandy loam | | | | | | |  | 23-34 |Extremely |SM, GM, GC, |A-1, A-2, A-4| 2-10 |37-62 |30-59 | 7-59 | ---  | | channery sandy| SC | | | | | |  | | loam, very | | | | | | |  | | channery loamy| | | | | | |  | | sand | | | | | | |  | >34 |Unweathered | | | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---  | | bedrock | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | 
642

Table 16.--Engineering Index Properties--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________ | | | Classification | Fragments | Percentage pass Map symbol | Depth | USDA texture |___________________________|_____________| sieve number- and soil name | | | | | >10 | 3-10 |____________________ | | | Unified | AASHTO |inches|inches| 4 | 10 | 40 _________________|_______|_______________|_____________|_____________|______|______|______|______|______ | In | | | | Pct | Pct | | |  | | | | | | | | | CbE: | | | | | | | | |  Berks-----------| 0-1 |Slightly |PT |A-8 | 1-25 | 1-25 | --- | --- | ---  | | decomposed | | | | | | |  | | plant material| | | | | | |  | 1-3 |Channery loam, |ML, GM |A-2, A-4 | 0 | 0-19 |55-95 |23-95 |19-95  | | channery silt | | | | | | |  | | loam | | | | | | |  | 3-6 |Channery loam, |SC, ML, GM, |A-2, A-4 | 0 | 0-18 |57-91 |26-91 |22-91  | | channery silt | GC | | | | | |  | | loam | | | | | | |  | 6-12 |Channery loam, |SC, SM, GM, |A-1, A-2, A-4| 0 | 0-27 |50-86 |12-86 | 9-86  | | very channery | GC | | | | | |  | | loam, channery| | | | | | |  | | silt loam, | | | | | | |  | | very channery | | | | | | |  | | silt loam | | | | | | |  | 12-23 |Channery loam, |GC, SM, SC, |A-1, A-2, A-4| 0 | 0-35 |48-86 | 8-86 | 6-86  | | very channery | GM | | | | | |  | | loam, channery| | | | | | |  | | silt loam, | | | | | | |  | | very channery | | | | | | |  | | silt loam | | | | | | |  | 23-30 |Extremely |SM, GM, GC-GM|A-1, A-2 | 0 | 0-47 |43-79 | 8-79 | 7-79  | | channery silt | | | | | | |  | | loam, very | | | | | | |  | | channery loam,| | | | | | |  | | very channery | | | | | | |  | | silt loam | | | | | | |  | 30-33 |Weathered | | | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---  | | bedrock | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | 
643

Table 16.--Engineering Index Properties--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________ | | | Classification | Fragments | Percentage pass Map symbol | Depth | USDA texture |___________________________|_____________| sieve number- and soil name | | | | | >10 | 3-10 |____________________ | | | Unified | AASHTO |inches|inches| 4 | 10 | 40 _________________|_______|_______________|_____________|_____________|______|______|______|______|______ | In | | | | Pct | Pct | | |  | | | | | | | | | CbF: | | | | | | | | |  Calvin----------| 0-1 |Slightly |PT |A-8 | 1-25 | 1-25 | --- | --- | ---  | | decomposed | | | | | | |  | | plant material| | | | | | |  | 1-5 |Channery silt |ML, CL |A-4 | 0-4 | 3-11 |73-100|47-100|41-10 | | loam | | | | | | |  | 5-28 |Very channery |SM, ML, GM |A-2, A-4, A-6| 0 | 0-19 |74-97 |39-97 |32-97  | | silt loam, | | | | | | |  | | channery loam,| | | | | | |  | | channery clay | | | | | | |  | | loam, channery| | | | | | |  | | silt loam | | | | | | |  | 28-40 |Channery silt |SM, SC-SM, |A-1, A-2, A-6| 0 | 0-31 |46-82 | 8-82 | 7-82  | | loam, very | GM, GC-GM | | | | | |  | | channery silt | | | | | | |  | | loam, very | | | | | | |  | | channery loam,| | | | | | |  | | extremely | | | | | | |  | | channery silt | | | | | | |  | | loam | | | | | | |  | 40-44 |Weathered | | | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---  | | bedrock | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | 
644

Table 16.--Engineering Index Properties--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________ | | | Classification | Fragments | Percentage pass Map symbol | Depth | USDA texture |___________________________|_____________| sieve number- and soil name | | | | | >10 | 3-10 |____________________ | | | Unified | AASHTO |inches|inches| 4 | 10 | 40 _________________|_______|_______________|_____________|_____________|______|______|______|______|______ | In | | | | Pct | Pct | | |  | | | | | | | | | CbF: | | | | | | | | |  Dekalb----------| 0-1 |Slightly |PT |A-8 | 1-25 | 1-25 | --- | --- | ---  | | decomposed | | | | | | |  | | plant material| | | | | | |  | 1-2 |Channery sandy |GM, SM |A-2, A-1, A-4| 1-6 | 9-30 |62-96 |47-95 |27-73  | | loam | | | | | | |  | 2-4 |Channery sandy |SM, GM |A-4, A-1, A-2| 1-10 | 9-31 |46-96 |11-95 | 6-73  | | loam | | | | | | |  | 4-8 |Very channery |ML, SM, GM, |A-2, A-1, A-4| 1-20 | 9-41 |46-96 |11-95 | 8-94  | | loam | CL-ML | | | | | |  | 8-15 |Channery sandy |SM, ML, GM, |A-1, A-2, A-4| 0 | 7-41 |39-92 | 9-88 | ---  | | loam, very | GC-GM | | | | | |  | | channery loam,| | | | | | |  | | very channery | | | | | | |  | | sandy loam | | | | | | |  | 15-23 |Channery sandy |GC-GM, ML, |A-1, A-2, A-4| 0 | 7-52 |39-92 | 9-88 | ---  | | loam, very | GM, SM | | | | | |  | | channery loam,| | | | | | |  | | very channery | | | | | | |  | | sandy loam | | | | | | |  | 23-34 |Extremely |SM, SC, GM, |A-1, A-2, A-4| 2-10 |37-62 |30-59 | 7-59 | ---  | | channery sandy| GC | | | | | |  | | loam, very | | | | | | |  | | channery loamy| | | | | | |  | | sand | | | | | | |  | >34 |Unweathered | | | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---  | | bedrock | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | 
645

Table 16.--Engineering Index Properties--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________ | | | Classification | Fragments | Percentage pass Map symbol | Depth | USDA texture |___________________________|_____________| sieve number- and soil name | | | | | >10 | 3-10 |____________________ | | | Unified | AASHTO |inches|inches| 4 | 10 | 40 _________________|_______|_______________|_____________|_____________|______|______|______|______|______ | In | | | | Pct | Pct | | |  | | | | | | | | | CbF: | | | | | | | | |  Berks-----------| 0-1 |Slightly |PT |A-8 | 1-25 | 1-25 | --- | --- | ---  | | decomposed | | | | | | |  | | plant material| | | | | | |  | 1-3 |Channery loam, |GM, ML |A-2, A-4 | 0 | 0-19 |55-95 |23-95 |19-95  | | channery silt | | | | | | |  | | loam | | | | | | |  | 3-6 |Channery loam, |SC, ML, GM, |A-2, A-4 | 0 | 0-18 |57-91 |26-91 |22-91  | | channery silt | GC | | | | | |  | | loam | | | | | | |  | 6-12 |Channery loam, |GM, SC, SM, |A-1, A-2, A-4| 0 | 0-27 |50-86 |12-86 | 9-86  | | very channery | GC | | | | | |  | | loam, channery| | | | | | |  | | silt loam, | | | | | | |  | | very channery | | | | | | |  | | silt loam | | | | | | |  | 12-23 |Channery loam, |GC, SM, SC, |A-1, A-2, A-4| 0 | 0-35 |48-86 | 8-86 | 6-86  | | very channery | GM | | | | | |  | | loam, channery| | | | | | |  | | silt loam, | | | | | | |  | | very channery | | | | | | |  | | silt loam | | | | | | |  | 23-30 |Extremely |GC-GM, GM, SM|A-1, A-2 | 0 | 0-47 |43-79 | 8-79 | 7-79  | | channery silt | | | | | | |  | | loam, very | | | | | | |  | | channery loam,| | | | | | |  | | very channery | | | | | | |  | | silt loam | | | | | | |  | 30-33 |Weathered | | | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---  | | bedrock | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | CeF: | | | | | | | | |  Caneyville------| 0-3 |Silt loam |CL |A-6 | 0 | 0-5 |89-100|74-100|63-10 | 3-10 |Silty clay, |CH, CL |A-7 | 0 | 0-4 |90-100|77-100|69-10 | | clay, silty | | | | | | |  | | clay loam, | | | | | | |  | | silt loam | | | | | | |  | 10-24 |Clay, silty |CH |A-7 | 0-9 | 0-9 |74-100|35-100|29-10 | | clay, channery| | | | | | |  | | silty clay | | | | | | |  | >24 |Unweathered | | | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---  | | bedrock | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | 
646

Table 16.--Engineering Index Properties--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________ | | | Classification | Fragments | Percentage pass Map symbol | Depth | USDA texture |___________________________|_____________| sieve number- and soil name | | | | | >10 | 3-10 |____________________ | | | Unified | AASHTO |inches|inches| 4 | 10 | 40 _________________|_______|_______________|_____________|_____________|______|______|______|______|______ | In | | | | Pct | Pct | | |  | | | | | | | | | CeF: | | | | | | | | |  Frederick-------| 0-8 |Gravelly silt |ML, GM, GC, |A-4, A-6 | 0 | 0-8 |66-100|41-100|34-10 | | loam, silt | CL | | | | | |  | | loam | | | | | | |  | 8-29 |Gravelly silty |SM, SC, MH, |A-7 | 0 | 0-4 |84-100|43-100|40-10 | | clay loam, | CH | | | | | |  | | silty clay, | | | | | | |  | | clay, silty | | | | | | |  | | clay loam | | | | | | |  | 29-80 |Clay, silty |CH |A-7 | 0 | 0-15 |82-100|67-100|50-10 | | clay, channery| | | | | | |  | | clay, channery| | | | | | |  | | silty clay | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | |  Rock outcrop----| 0-10 |Bedrock | | | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---  | | | | | | | | | CfB: | | | | | | | | |  Cateache--------| 0-1 |Slightly |PT |A-8 | 0 | 0 | --- | --- | ---  | | decomposed | | | | | | |  | | plant material| | | | | | |  | 1-5 |Channery silt |CL, CL-ML, |A-4, A-6 | 0 | 0-8 |82-90 |65-90 |55-90  | | loam, loam, | GC, GC-GM | | | | | |  | | silt loam | | | | | | |  | 5-29 |Channery silt |GC-GM, CL-ML,|A-2, A-4, A-6| 0 | 0-15 |40-85 |35-80 |30-80  | | loam, channery| CL, GC | | | | | |  | | silty clay | | | | | | |  | | loam, silt | | | | | | |  | | loam | | | | | | |  | 29-36 |Very channery |GP-GC, GC-GM,|A-1, A-2, | 0 | 0-20 |20-60 |10-50 |10-45  | | silt loam, | GC | A-4, A-6 | | | | |  | | extremely | | | | | | |  | | channery silty| | | | | | |  | | clay loam | | | | | | |  | 36-37 |Unweathered | | | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---  | | bedrock | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | 
647

Table 16.--Engineering Index Properties--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________ | | | Classification | Fragments | Percentage pass Map symbol | Depth | USDA texture |___________________________|_____________| sieve number- and soil name | | | | | >10 | 3-10 |____________________ | | | Unified | AASHTO |inches|inches| 4 | 10 | 40 _________________|_______|_______________|_____________|_____________|______|______|______|______|______ | In | | | | Pct | Pct | | |  | | | | | | | | | CfC: | | | | | | | | |  Cateache--------| 0-1 |Slightly |PT |A-8 | 0 | 0 | --- | --- | ---  | | decomposed | | | | | | |  | | plant material| | | | | | |  | 1-5 |Channery silt |CL-ML, CL, |A-4, A-6 | 0 | 0-8 |82-90 |65-90 |55-90  | | loam, loam, | GC, GC-GM | | | | | |  | | silt loam | | | | | | |  | 5-29 |Channery silt |CL-ML, GC-GM,|A-2, A-4, A-6| 0 | 0-15 |40-85 |35-80 |30-80  | | loam, channery| CL, GC | | | | | |  | | silty clay | | | | | | |  | | loam, silt | | | | | | |  | | loam | | | | | | |  | 29-36 |Very channery |GC-GM, GC, |A-1, A-2, | 0 | 0-20 |20-60 |10-50 |10-45  | | silt loam, | GP-GC | A-4, A-6 | | | | |  | | extremely | | | | | | |  | | channery silty| | | | | | |  | | clay loam | | | | | | |  | 36-37 |Unweathered | | | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---  | | bedrock | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | CfD: | | | | | | | | |  Cateache--------| 0-1 |Slightly |PT |A-8 | 0 | 0 | --- | --- | ---  | | decomposed | | | | | | |  | | plant material| | | | | | |  | 1-5 |Channery silt |GC, CL, |A-4, A-6 | 0 | 0-8 |82-90 |65-90 |55-90  | | loam, loam, | CL-ML, GC-GM| | | | | |  | | silt loam | | | | | | |  | 5-29 |Channery silt |GC-GM, GC, |A-2, A-4, A-6| 0 | 0-15 |40-85 |35-80 |30-80  | | loam, channery| CL-ML, CL | | | | | |  | | silty clay | | | | | | |  | | loam, silt | | | | | | |  | | loam | | | | | | |  | 29-36 |Very channery |GC-GM, GC, |A-1, A-2, | 0 | 0-20 |20-60 |10-50 |10-45  | | silt loam, | GP-GC | A-4, A-6 | | | | |  | | extremely | | | | | | |  | | channery silty| | | | | | |  | | clay loam | | | | | | |  | 36-37 |Unweathered | | | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---  | | bedrock | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | 
648

Table 16.--Engineering Index Properties--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________ | | | Classification | Fragments | Percentage pass Map symbol | Depth | USDA texture |___________________________|_____________| sieve number- and soil name | | | | | >10 | 3-10 |____________________ | | | Unified | AASHTO |inches|inches| 4 | 10 | 40 _________________|_______|_______________|_____________|_____________|______|______|______|______|______ | In | | | | Pct | Pct | | |  | | | | | | | | | CfE: | | | | | | | | |  Cateache--------| 0-1 |Slightly |PT |A-8 | 0 | 0 | --- | --- | ---  | | decomposed | | | | | | |  | | plant material| | | | | | |  | 1-5 |Channery silt |CL, CL-ML, |A-4, A-6 | 0 | 0-8 |82-90 |65-90 |55-90  | | loam, loam, | GC, GC-GM | | | | | |  | | silt loam | | | | | | |  | 5-29 |Channery silt |GC, GC-GM, |A-2, A-4, A-6| 0 | 0-15 |40-85 |35-80 |30-80  | | loam, channery| CL-ML, CL | | | | | |  | | silty clay | | | | | | |  | | loam, silt | | | | | | |  | | loam | | | | | | |  | 29-36 |Very channery |GC, GP-GC, |A-1, A-2, | 0 | 0-20 |20-60 |10-50 |10-45  | | silt loam, | GC-GM | A-4, A-6 | | | | |  | | extremely | | | | | | |  | | channery silty| | | | | | |  | | clay loam | | | | | | |  | 36-37 |Unweathered | | | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---  | | bedrock | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | CfF: | | | | | | | | |  Cateache--------| 0-1 |Slightly |PT |A-8 | 0 | 0 | --- | --- | ---  | | decomposed | | | | | | |  | | plant material| | | | | | |  | 1-5 |Channery silt |GC, GC-GM, |A-4, A-6 | 0 | 0-8 |82-90 |65-90 |55-90  | | loam, loam, | CL-ML, CL | | | | | |  | | silt loam | | | | | | |  | 5-29 |Channery silt |GC-GM, CL-ML,|A-2, A-4, A-6| 0 | 0-15 |40-85 |35-80 |30-80  | | loam, channery| CL, GC | | | | | |  | | silty clay | | | | | | |  | | loam, silt | | | | | | |  | | loam | | | | | | |  | 29-36 |Very channery |GC, GP-GC, |A-1, A-2, | 0 | 0-20 |20-60 |10-50 |10-45  | | silt loam, | GC-GM | A-4, A-6 | | | | |  | | extremely | | | | | | |  | | channery silty| | | | | | |  | | clay loam | | | | | | |  | 36-37 |Unweathered | | | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---  | | bedrock | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | 
649

Table 16.--Engineering Index Properties--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________ | | | Classification | Fragments | Percentage pass Map symbol | Depth | USDA texture |___________________________|_____________| sieve number- and soil name | | | | | >10 | 3-10 |____________________ | | | Unified | AASHTO |inches|inches| 4 | 10 | 40 _________________|_______|_______________|_____________|_____________|______|______|______|______|______ | In | | | | Pct | Pct | | |  | | | | | | | | | CgC: | | | | | | | | |  Cateache--------| 0-1 |Slightly |PT |A-8 | 0 | 0 | --- | --- | ---  | | decomposed | | | | | | |  | | plant material| | | | | | |  | 1-5 |Channery silt |CL, CL-ML, |A-4, A-6 | 0 | 0-8 |82-90 |65-90 |55-90  | | loam, loam, | GC, GC-GM | | | | | |  | | silt loam | | | | | | |  | 5-29 |Channery silt |CL, CL-ML, |A-2, A-4, A-6| 0 | 0-15 |40-85 |35-80 |30-80  | | loam, channery| GC, GC-GM | | | | | |  | | silty clay | | | | | | |  | | loam, silt | | | | | | |  | | loam | | | | | | |  | 29-36 |Very channery |GC, GC-GM, |A-1, A-2, | 0 | 0-20 |20-60 |10-50 |10-45  | | silt loam, | GP-GC | A-4, A-6 | | | | |  | | extremely | | | | | | |  | | channery silty| | | | | | |  | | clay loam | | | | | | |  | 36-37 |Unweathered | | | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---  | | bedrock | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | CgE: | | | | | | | | |  Cateache--------| 0-1 |Slightly |PT |A-8 | 0 | 0 | --- | --- | ---  | | decomposed | | | | | | |  | | plant material| | | | | | |  | 1-5 |Channery silt |GC-GM, GC, |A-4, A-6 | 0 | 0-8 |82-90 |65-90 |55-90  | | loam, loam, | CL-ML, CL | | | | | |  | | silt loam | | | | | | |  | 5-29 |Channery silt |CL-ML, CL, |A-2, A-4, A-6| 0 | 0-15 |40-85 |35-80 |30-80  | | loam, channery| GC, GC-GM | | | | | |  | | silty clay | | | | | | |  | | loam, silt | | | | | | |  | | loam | | | | | | |  | 29-36 |Very channery |GC, GC-GM, |A-1, A-2, | 0 | 0-20 |20-60 |10-50 |10-45  | | silt loam, | GP-GC | A-4, A-6 | | | | |  | | extremely | | | | | | |  | | channery silty| | | | | | |  | | clay loam | | | | | | |  | 36-37 |Unweathered | | | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---  | | bedrock | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | 
650

Table 16.--Engineering Index Properties--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________ | | | Classification | Fragments | Percentage pass Map symbol | Depth | USDA texture |___________________________|_____________| sieve number- and soil name | | | | | >10 | 3-10 |____________________ | | | Unified | AASHTO |inches|inches| 4 | 10 | 40 _________________|_______|_______________|_____________|_____________|______|______|______|______|______ | In | | | | Pct | Pct | | |  | | | | | | | | | CgF: | | | | | | | | |  Cateache--------| 0-1 |Slightly |PT |A-8 | 0 | 0 | --- | --- | ---  | | decomposed | | | | | | |  | | plant material| | | | | | |  | 1-5 |Channery silt |CL-ML, GC, |A-4, A-6 | 0 | 0-8 |82-90 |65-90 |55-90  | | loam, loam, | GC-GM, CL | | | | | |  | | silt loam | | | | | | |  | 5-29 |Channery silt |CL, CL-ML, |A-2, A-4, A-6| 0 | 0-15 |40-85 |35-80 |30-80  | | loam, channery| GC, GC-GM | | | | | |  | | silty clay | | | | | | |  | | loam, silt | | | | | | |  | | loam | | | | | | |  | 29-36 |Very channery |GC, GC-GM, |A-1, A-2, | 0 | 0-20 |20-60 |10-50 |10-45  | | silt loam, | GP-GC | A-4, A-6 | | | | |  | | extremely | | | | | | |  | | channery silty| | | | | | |  | | clay loam | | | | | | |  | 36-37 |Unweathered | | | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---  | | bedrock | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | Ch: | | | | | | | | |  Chavies---------| 0-10 |Fine sandy |SM, SC-SM, |A-4 | 0 | 0 |85-100|75-100|40-90  | | loam, loam | ML, CL-ML | | | | | |  | 10-54 |Fine sandy |SM, ML |A-4 | 0 | 0 |85-100|75-100|65-10 | | loam, silt | | | | | | |  | | loam, loam | | | | | | |  | 54-65 |Silt loam, |CL-ML, ML, |A-1-b, A-2, | 0 | 0-5 |70-100|60-95 |40-85  | | gravelly fine | SM, SC-SM | A-4 | | | | |  | | sandy loam, | | | | | | |  | | loam | | | | | | | CpB: | | | | | | | | |  Cookport--------| 0-1 |Moderately |PT |A-8 | 0 | 0 | --- | --- | ---  | | decomposed | | | | | | |  | | plant material| | | | | | |  | 1-9 |Loam |SC, ML, CL, |A-4, A-6 | 0 | 0-4 |86-100|67-100|52-95  | | | SM | | | | | |  | 9-22 |Sandy clay |SC, CL |A-6 | 0 | 0-11 |87-100|54-100|44-99  | | loam, clay | | | | | | |  | | loam, channery| | | | | | |  | | loam, loam | | | | | | |  | 22-42 |Sandy clay |SC, CL |A-6 | 0 | 0-10 |88-100|57-100|47-99  | | loam, clay | | | | | | |  | | loam, channery| | | | | | |  | | loam, loam | | | | | | |  | 42-49 |Loam |CL |A-6 | 0 | 5-36 | 100 | 100 |82-99  | >49 |Weathered | | | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---  | | bedrock | | | | | | | 
651

Table 16.--Engineering Index Properties--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________ | | | Classification | Fragments | Percentage pass Map symbol | Depth | USDA texture |___________________________|_____________| sieve number- and soil name | | | | | >10 | 3-10 |____________________ | | | Unified | AASHTO |inches|inches| 4 | 10 | 40 _________________|_______|_______________|_____________|_____________|______|______|______|______|______ | In | | | | Pct | Pct | | |  | | | | | | | | | CuB: | | | | | | | | |  Culleoka--------| 0-1 |Slightly |PT |A-8 | 0 | 0 | --- | --- | ---  | | decomposed | | | | | | |  | | plant material| | | | | | |  | 1-2 |Moderately |PT |A-8 | 0 | 0 | --- | --- | ---  | | decomposed | | | | | | |  | | plant material| | | | | | |  | 2-3 |Channery loam, |ML, CL-ML, CL|A-4 | 0 | 0-5 |90-100|85-100|70-10 | | loam | | | | | | |  | 3-29 |Channery silt |ML, CL-ML, CL|A-4, A-6 | 0 | 5-25 |80-95 |75-95 |65-95  | | loam, channery| | | | | | |  | | loam, silty | | | | | | |  | | clay loam, | | | | | | |  | | channery silty| | | | | | |  | | clay loam | | | | | | |  | 29-35 |Extremely |ML, GM, GC, |A-2, A-4, A-6| 0 |10-60 |50-95 |40-90 |35-90  | | channery silt | CL | | | | | |  | | loam, | | | | | | |  | | extremely | | | | | | |  | | channery silty| | | | | | |  | | clay loam | | | | | | |  | 35-40 |Unweathered | | | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---  | | bedrock | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | CuC: | | | | | | | | |  Culleoka--------| 0-1 |Slightly |PT |A-8 | 0 | 0 | --- | --- | ---  | | decomposed | | | | | | |  | | plant material| | | | | | |  | 1-2 |Moderately |PT |A-8 | 0 | 0 | --- | --- | ---  | | decomposed | | | | | | |  | | plant material| | | | | | |  | 2-3 |Channery loam, |CL, CL-ML, ML|A-4 | 0 | 0-5 |90-100|85-100|70-10 | | loam | | | | | | |  | 3-29 |Channery silt |CL-ML, ML, CL|A-4, A-6 | 0 | 5-25 |80-95 |75-95 |65-95  | | loam, channery| | | | | | |  | | loam, silty | | | | | | |  | | clay loam, | | | | | | |  | | channery silty| | | | | | |  | | clay loam | | | | | | |  | 29-35 |Extremely |GM, GC, CL, |A-2, A-4, A-6| 0 |10-60 |50-95 |40-90 |35-90  | | channery silt | ML | | | | | |  | | loam, | | | | | | |  | | extremely | | | | | | |  | | channery silty| | | | | | |  | | clay loam | | | | | | |  | 35-40 |Unweathered | | | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---  | | bedrock | | | | | | | 
652

Table 16.--Engineering Index Properties--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________ | | | Classification | Fragments | Percentage pass Map symbol | Depth | USDA texture |___________________________|_____________| sieve number- and soil name | | | | | >10 | 3-10 |____________________ | | | Unified | AASHTO |inches|inches| 4 | 10 | 40 _________________|_______|_______________|_____________|_____________|______|______|______|______|______ | In | | | | Pct | Pct | | |  | | | | | | | | | CuD: | | | | | | | | |  Culleoka--------| 0-1 |Slightly |PT |A-8 | 0 | 0 | --- | --- | ---  | | decomposed | | | | | | |  | | plant material| | | | | | |  | 1-2 |Moderately |PT |A-8 | 0 | 0 | --- | --- | ---  | | decomposed | | | | | | |  | | plant material| | | | | | |  | 2-3 |Channery loam, |CL, CL-ML, ML|A-4 | 0 | 0-5 |90-100|85-100|70-10 | | loam | | | | | | |  | 3-29 |Channery silt |ML, CL-ML, CL|A-4, A-6 | 0 | 5-25 |80-95 |75-95 |65-95  | | loam, channery| | | | | | |  | | loam, silty | | | | | | |  | | clay loam, | | | | | | |  | | channery silty| | | | | | |  | | clay loam | | | | | | |  | 29-35 |Extremely |CL, GC, GM, |A-2, A-4, A-6| 0 |10-60 |50-95 |40-90 |35-90  | | channery silt | ML | | | | | |  | | loam, | | | | | | |  | | extremely | | | | | | |  | | channery silty| | | | | | |  | | clay loam | | | | | | |  | 35-40 |Unweathered | | | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---  | | bedrock | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | CyE: | | | | | | | | |  Culleoka--------| 0-1 |Slightly |PT |A-8 | 0 | 0 | --- | --- | ---  | | decomposed | | | | | | |  | | plant material| | | | | | |  | 1-2 |Moderately |PT |A-8 | 0 | 0 | --- | --- | ---  | | decomposed | | | | | | |  | | plant material| | | | | | |  | 2-3 |Channery loam, |CL, CL-ML, ML|A-4 | 0 | 0-5 |90-100|85-100|70-10 | | loam | | | | | | |  | 3-29 |Channery silt |CL-ML, ML, CL|A-4, A-6 | 0 | 5-25 |80-95 |75-95 |65-95  | | loam, channery| | | | | | |  | | loam, silty | | | | | | |  | | clay loam, | | | | | | |  | | channery silty| | | | | | |  | | clay loam | | | | | | |  | 29-35 |Extremely |CL, GC, GM, |A-2, A-4, A-6| 0 |10-60 |50-95 |40-90 |35-90  | | channery silt | ML | | | | | |  | | loam, | | | | | | |  | | extremely | | | | | | |  | | channery silty| | | | | | |  | | clay loam | | | | | | |  | 35-40 |Unweathered | | | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---  | | bedrock | | | | | | | 
653

Table 16.--Engineering Index Properties--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________ | | | Classification | Fragments | Percentage pass Map symbol | Depth | USDA texture |___________________________|_____________| sieve number- and soil name | | | | | >10 | 3-10 |____________________ | | | Unified | AASHTO |inches|inches| 4 | 10 | 40 _________________|_______|_______________|_____________|_____________|______|______|______|______|______ | In | | | | Pct | Pct | | |  | | | | | | | | | CyF: | | | | | | | | |  Culleoka--------| 0-1 |Slightly |PT |A-8 | 0 | 0 | --- | --- | ---  | | decomposed | | | | | | |  | | plant material| | | | | | |  | 1-2 |Moderately |PT |A-8 | 0 | 0 | --- | --- | ---  | | decomposed | | | | | | |  | | plant material| | | | | | |  | 2-3 |Channery loam, |ML, CL-ML, CL|A-4 | 0 | 0-5 |90-100|85-100|70-10 | | loam | | | | | | |  | 3-29 |Channery silt |CL, CL-ML, ML|A-4, A-6 | 0 | 5-25 |80-95 |75-95 |65-95  | | loam, channery| | | | | | |  | | loam, silty | | | | | | |  | | clay loam, | | | | | | |  | | channery silty| | | | | | |  | | clay loam | | | | | | |  | 29-35 |Extremely |CL, GC, GM, |A-2, A-4, A-6| 0 |10-60 |50-95 |40-90 |35-90  | | channery silt | ML | | | | | |  | | loam, | | | | | | |  | | extremely | | | | | | |  | | channery silty| | | | | | |  | | clay loam | | | | | | |  | 35-40 |Unweathered | | | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---  | | bedrock | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | 
654

Table 16.--Engineering Index Properties--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________ | | | Classification | Fragments | Percentage pass Map symbol | Depth | USDA texture |___________________________|_____________| sieve number- and soil name | | | | | >10 | 3-10 |____________________ | | | Unified | AASHTO |inches|inches| 4 | 10 | 40 _________________|_______|_______________|_____________|_____________|______|______|______|______|______ | In | | | | Pct | Pct | | |  | | | | | | | | | DeC: | | | | | | | | |  Dekalb----------| 0-1 |Slightly |PT |A-8 | 1-25 | 1-25 | --- | --- | ---  | | decomposed | | | | | | |  | | plant material| | | | | | |  | 1-2 |Channery sandy |SM, GM |A-2, A-1, A-4| 1-6 | 9-30 |62-96 |47-95 |27-73  | | loam | | | | | | |  | 2-4 |Channery sandy |GM, SM |A-4, A-1, A-2| 1-10 | 9-31 |46-96 |11-95 | 6-73  | | loam | | | | | | |  | 4-8 |Very channery |CL-ML, GM, |A-2, A-1, A-4| 1-20 | 9-41 |46-96 |11-95 | 8-94  | | loam | ML, SM | | | | | |  | 8-15 |Channery sandy |ML, SM, GM, |A-1, A-2, A-4| 0 | 7-41 |39-92 | 9-88 | ---  | | loam, very | GC-GM | | | | | |  | | channery loam,| | | | | | |  | | very channery | | | | | | |  | | sandy loam | | | | | | |  | 15-23 |Channery sandy |ML, SM, GM, |A-1, A-2, A-4| 0 | 7-52 |39-92 | 9-88 | ---  | | loam, very | GC-GM | | | | | |  | | channery loam,| | | | | | |  | | very channery | | | | | | |  | | sandy loam | | | | | | |  | 23-34 |Extremely |GC, GM, SC, |A-1, A-2, A-4| 2-10 |37-62 |30-59 | 7-59 | ---  | | channery sandy| SM | | | | | |  | | loam, very | | | | | | |  | | channery loamy| | | | | | |  | | sand | | | | | | |  | >34 |Unweathered | | | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---  | | bedrock | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | 
655

Table 16.--Engineering Index Properties--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________ | | | Classification | Fragments | Percentage pass Map symbol | Depth | USDA texture |___________________________|_____________| sieve number- and soil name | | | | | >10 | 3-10 |____________________ | | | Unified | AASHTO |inches|inches| 4 | 10 | 40 _________________|_______|_______________|_____________|_____________|______|______|______|______|______ | In | | | | Pct | Pct | | |  | | | | | | | | | DeE: | | | | | | | | |  Dekalb----------| 0-1 |Slightly |PT |A-8 | 1-25 | 1-25 | --- | --- | ---  | | decomposed | | | | | | |  | | plant material| | | | | | |  | 1-2 |Channery sandy |SM, GM |A-2, A-1, A-4| 1-6 | 9-30 |62-96 |47-95 |27-73  | | loam | | | | | | |  | 2-4 |Channery sandy |GM, SM |A-4, A-1, A-2| 1-10 | 9-31 |46-96 |11-95 | 6-73  | | loam | | | | | | |  | 4-8 |Very channery |CL-ML, SM, |A-2, A-1, A-4| 1-20 | 9-41 |46-96 |11-95 | 8-94  | | loam | ML, GM | | | | | |  | 8-15 |Channery sandy |SM, GC-GM, |A-1, A-2, A-4| 0 | 7-41 |39-92 | 9-88 | ---  | | loam, very | ML, GM | | | | | |  | | channery loam,| | | | | | |  | | very channery | | | | | | |  | | sandy loam | | | | | | |  | 15-23 |Channery sandy |SM, GC-GM, |A-1, A-2, A-4| 0 | 7-52 |39-92 | 9-88 | ---  | | loam, very | GM, ML | | | | | |  | | channery loam,| | | | | | |  | | very channery | | | | | | |  | | sandy loam | | | | | | |  | 23-34 |Extremely |SM, SC, GM, |A-1, A-2, A-4| 2-10 |37-62 |30-59 | 7-59 | ---  | | channery sandy| GC | | | | | |  | | loam, very | | | | | | |  | | channery loamy| | | | | | |  | | sand | | | | | | |  | >34 |Unweathered | | | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---  | | bedrock | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | 
656

Table 16.--Engineering Index Properties--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________ | | | Classification | Fragments | Percentage pass Map symbol | Depth | USDA texture |___________________________|_____________| sieve number- and soil name | | | | | >10 | 3-10 |____________________ | | | Unified | AASHTO |inches|inches| 4 | 10 | 40 _________________|_______|_______________|_____________|_____________|______|______|______|______|______ | In | | | | Pct | Pct | | |  | | | | | | | | | DeF: | | | | | | | | |  Dekalb----------| 0-1 |Slightly |PT |A-8 | 1-25 | 1-25 | --- | --- | ---  | | decomposed | | | | | | |  | | plant material| | | | | | |  | 1-2 |Channery sandy |GM, SM |A-2, A-1, A-4| 1-6 | 9-30 |62-96 |47-95 |27-73  | | loam | | | | | | |  | 2-4 |Channery sandy |GM, SM |A-4, A-1, A-2| 1-10 | 9-31 |46-96 |11-95 | 6-73  | | loam | | | | | | |  | 4-8 |Very channery |SM, ML, GM, |A-2, A-4, A-1| 1-20 | 9-41 |46-96 |11-95 | 8-94  | | loam | CL-ML | | | | | |  | 8-15 |Channery sandy |GC-GM, GM, |A-1, A-2, A-4| 0 | 7-41 |39-92 | 9-88 | ---  | | loam, very | ML, SM | | | | | |  | | channery loam,| | | | | | |  | | very channery | | | | | | |  | | sandy loam | | | | | | |  | 15-23 |Channery sandy |GC-GM, GM, |A-1, A-2, A-4| 0 | 7-52 |39-92 | 9-88 | ---  | | loam, very | ML, SM | | | | | |  | | channery loam,| | | | | | |  | | very channery | | | | | | |  | | sandy loam | | | | | | |  | 23-34 |Extremely |SM, SC, GM, |A-1, A-2, A-4| 2-10 |37-62 |30-59 | 7-59 | ---  | | channery sandy| GC | | | | | |  | | loam, very | | | | | | |  | | channery loamy| | | | | | |  | | sand | | | | | | |  | >34 |Unweathered | | | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---  | | bedrock | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | 
657

Table 16.--Engineering Index Properties--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________ | | | Classification | Fragments | Percentage pass Map symbol | Depth | USDA texture |___________________________|_____________| sieve number- and soil name | | | | | >10 | 3-10 |____________________ | | | Unified | AASHTO |inches|inches| 4 | 10 | 40 _________________|_______|_______________|_____________|_____________|______|______|______|______|______ | In | | | | Pct | Pct | | |  | | | | | | | | | DhC: | | | | | | | | |  Dekalb----------| 0-1 |Slightly |PT |A-8 | 1-25 | 1-25 | --- | --- | ---  | | decomposed | | | | | | |  | | plant material| | | | | | |  | 1-2 |Channery sandy |GM, SM |A-2, A-1, A-4| 1-6 | 9-30 |62-96 |47-95 |27-73  | | loam | | | | | | |  | 2-4 |Channery sandy |SM, GM |A-4, A-1, A-2| 1-10 | 9-31 |46-96 |11-95 | 6-73  | | loam | | | | | | |  | 4-8 |Very channery |SM, ML, GM, |A-2, A-1, A-4| 1-20 | 9-41 |46-96 |11-95 | 8-94  | | loam | CL-ML | | | | | |  | 8-15 |Channery sandy |ML, GM, SM, |A-1, A-2, A-4| 0 | 7-41 |39-92 | 9-88 | ---  | | loam, very | GC-GM | | | | | |  | | channery loam,| | | | | | |  | | very channery | | | | | | |  | | sandy loam | | | | | | |  | 15-23 |Channery sandy |GM, GC-GM, |A-1, A-2, A-4| 0 | 7-52 |39-92 | 9-88 | ---  | | loam, very | ML, SM | | | | | |  | | channery loam,| | | | | | |  | | very channery | | | | | | |  | | sandy loam | | | | | | |  | 23-34 |Extremely |GC, GM, SC, |A-1, A-2, A-4| 2-10 |37-62 |30-59 | 7-59 | ---  | | channery sandy| SM | | | | | |  | | loam, very | | | | | | |  | | channery loamy| | | | | | |  | | sand | | | | | | |  | >34 |Unweathered | | | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---  | | bedrock | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | 
658

Table 16.--Engineering Index Properties--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________ | | | Classification | Fragments | Percentage pass Map symbol | Depth | USDA texture |___________________________|_____________| sieve number- and soil name | | | | | >10 | 3-10 |____________________ | | | Unified | AASHTO |inches|inches| 4 | 10 | 40 _________________|_______|_______________|_____________|_____________|______|______|______|______|______ | In | | | | Pct | Pct | | |  | | | | | | | | | DhC: | | | | | | | | |  Hazleton--------| 0-1 |Slightly |PT |A-8 | 1-25 | 1-25 | --- | --- | ---  | | decomposed | | | | | | |  | | plant material| | | | | | |  | 1-2 |Moderately |PT |A-8 | 1-24 | 1-24 | --- | --- | ---  | | decomposed | | | | | | |  | | plant material| | | | | | |  | 2-3 |Sandy loam, |GM, ML, SM |A-2, A-4 | 0-5 | 4-52 |39-91 | 9-91 | 7-88  | | channery loam | | | | | | |  | 3-32 |Very channery |GM, SM, SC |A-1, A-2, A-4| 0-20 | 8-62 |39-91 | 9-91 | 6-80  | | sandy loam, | | | | | | |  | | channery loam,| | | | | | |  | | fine sandy | | | | | | |  | | loam, channery| | | | | | |  | | fine sandy | | | | | | |  | | loam | | | | | | |  | 32-52 |Extremely |SM, SC, GM, |A-1, A-2, A-4| 0-20 | 8-73 |30-91 | 7-91 | 5-80  | | channery sandy| GC | | | | | |  | | loam, very | | | | | | |  | | channery loamy| | | | | | |  | | sand | | | | | | |  | >52 |Unweathered | | | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---  | | bedrock | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | 
659

Table 16.--Engineering Index Properties--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________ | | | Classification | Fragments | Percentage pass Map symbol | Depth | USDA texture |___________________________|_____________| sieve number- and soil name | | | | | >10 | 3-10 |____________________ | | | Unified | AASHTO |inches|inches| 4 | 10 | 40 _________________|_______|_______________|_____________|_____________|______|______|______|______|______ | In | | | | Pct | Pct | | |  | | | | | | | | | DhE: | | | | | | | | |  Dekalb----------| 0-1 |Slightly |PT |A-8 | 1-25 | 1-25 | --- | --- | ---  | | decomposed | | | | | | |  | | plant material| | | | | | |  | 1-2 |Channery sandy |GM, SM |A-2, A-1, A-4| 1-6 | 9-30 |62-96 |47-95 |27-73  | | loam | | | | | | |  | 2-4 |Channery sandy |GM, SM |A-4, A-1, A-2| 1-10 | 9-31 |46-96 |11-95 | 6-73  | | loam | | | | | | |  | 4-8 |Very channery |CL-ML, GM, |A-2, A-1, A-4| 1-20 | 9-41 |46-96 |11-95 | 8-94  | | loam | ML, SM | | | | | |  | 8-15 |Channery sandy |GC-GM, GM, |A-2, A-4, A-1| 0 | 7-41 |39-92 | 9-88 | ---  | | loam, very | ML, SM | | | | | |  | | channery loam,| | | | | | |  | | very channery | | | | | | |  | | sandy loam | | | | | | |  | 15-23 |Channery sandy |GC-GM, SM, |A-1, A-2, A-4| 0 | 7-52 |39-92 | 9-88 | ---  | | loam, very | ML, GM | | | | | |  | | channery loam,| | | | | | |  | | very channery | | | | | | |  | | sandy loam | | | | | | |  | 23-34 |Extremely |SC, GC, SM, |A-1, A-2, A-4| 2-10 |37-62 |30-59 | 7-59 | ---  | | channery sandy| GM | | | | | |  | | loam, very | | | | | | |  | | channery loamy| | | | | | |  | | sand | | | | | | |  | >34 |Unweathered | | | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---  | | bedrock | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | 
660

Table 16.--Engineering Index Properties--Continued

_______________________________________________________________________________________________________ | | | Classification | Fragments | Percentage pass Map symbol | Depth | USDA texture |___________________________|_____________| sieve number- and soil name | | | | | >10 | 3-10 |___________________ | | | Unified | AASHTO |inches|inches| 4 | 10 | 40 _________________|_______|_______________|_____________|_____________|______|______|______|______|_____ | In | | | | Pct | Pct | | |  | | | | | | | | | DhE: | | | | | | | | |  Hazleton--------| 0-1 |Slightly |PT |A-8 | 1-25 | 1-25 | --- | --- | ---  | | decomposed | | | | | | |  | | plant material| | | | | | |  | 1-2 |Moderately |PT |A-8 | 1-24 | 1-24 | --- | --- | ---  | | decomposed | | | | | | |  | | plant material| | | | | | |  | 2-3 |Sandy loam, |SM, GM |A-2, A-4 | 0-5 | 4-52 |39-91 | 9-91 | 7-88  | | channery loam | | | | | | |  | 3-32 |Very channery |SM, SC, GM |A-1, A-2, A-4| 0-20 | 8-62 |39-91 | 9-91 | 6-80  | | sandy loam, | | | | | | |  | | channery loam,| | | | | | |  | | fine sandy | | | | | | |  | | loam, channery| | | | | | |  | | fine sandy | | | | | | |  | | loam | | | | | | |  | 32-52 |Extremely |GC, GM, SC, |A-1, A-2, A-4| 0-20 | 8-73 |30-91 | 7-91 | 5-80  | | channery sandy| SM | | | | | |  | | loam, very | | | | | | |  | | channery loamy| | | | | | |  | | sand | | | | | | |  | >52 |Unweathered | | | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---  | | bedrock | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | 
661

Table 16.--Engineering Index Properties--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________ | | | Classification | Fragments | Percentage pass Map symbol | Depth | USDA texture |___________________________|_____________| sieve number- and soil name | | | | | >10 | 3-10 |____________________ | | | Unified | AASHTO |inches|inches| 4 | 10 | 40 _________________|_______|_______________|_____________|_____________|______|______|______|______|______ | In | | | | Pct | Pct | | |  | | | | | | | | | DhF: | | | | | | | | |  Dekalb----------| 0-1 |Slightly |PT |A-8 | 1-25 | 1-25 | --- | --- | ---  | | decomposed | | | | | | |  | | plant material| | | | | | |  | 1-2 |Channery sandy |SM, GM |A-2, A-1, A-4| 1-6 | 9-30 |62-96 |47-95 |27-73  | | loam | | | | | | |  | 2-4 |Channery sandy |GM, SM |A-4, A-1, A-2| 1-10 | 9-31 |46-96 |11-95 | 6-73  | | loam | | | | | | |  | 4-8 |Very channery |SM, ML, GM, |A-2, A-1, A-4| 1-20 | 9-41 |46-96 |11-95 | 8-94  | | loam | CL-ML | | | | | |  | 8-15 |Channery sandy |GC-GM, GM, |A-1, A-2, A-4| 0 | 7-41 |39-92 | 9-88 | ---  | | loam, very | ML, SM | | | | | |  | | channery loam,| | | | | | |  | | very channery | | | | | | |  | | sandy loam | | | | | | |  | 15-23 |Channery sandy |SM, ML, GM, |A-1, A-2, A-4| 0 | 7-52 |39-92 | 9-88 | ---  | | loam, very | GC-GM | | | | | |  | | channery loam,| | | | | | |  | | very channery | | | | | | |  | | sandy loam | | | | | | |  | 23-34 |Extremely |GM, GC, SC, |A-1, A-2, A-4| 2-10 |37-62 |30-59 | 7-59 | ---  | | channery sandy| SM | | | | | |  | | loam, very | | | | | | |  | | channery loamy| | | | | | |  | | sand | | | | | | |  | >34 |Unweathered | | | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---  | | bedrock | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | 
662

Table 16.--Engineering Index Properties--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________ | | | Classification | Fragments | Percentage pass Map symbol | Depth | USDA texture |___________________________|_____________| sieve number- and soil name | | | | | >10 | 3-10 |____________________ | | | Unified | AASHTO |inches|inches| 4 | 10 | 40 _________________|_______|_______________|_____________|_____________|______|______|______|______|______ | In | | | | Pct | Pct | | |  | | | | | | | | | DhF: | | | | | | | | |  Hazleton--------| 0-1 |Slightly |PT |A-8 | 1-25 | 1-25 | --- | --- | ---  | | decomposed | | | | | | |  | | plant material| | | | | | |  | 1-2 |Moderately |PT |A-8 | 1-24 | 1-24 | --- | --- | ---  | | decomposed | | | | | | |  | | plant material| | | | | | |  | 2-3 |Sandy loam, |GM, SM |A-2, A-4 | 0-5 | 4-52 |39-91 | 9-91 | 7-88  | | channery loam | | | | | | |  | 3-32 |Very channery |SM, SC, GM |A-1, A-2, A-4| 0-20 | 8-62 |39-91 | 9-91 | 6-80  | | sandy loam, | | | | | | |  | | channery loam,| | | | | | |  | | fine sandy | | | | | | |  | | loam, channery| | | | | | |  | | fine sandy | | | | | | |  | | loam | | | | | | |  | 32-52 |Extremely |GM, SC, GC, |A-1, A-2, A-4| 0-20 | 8-73 |30-91 | 7-91 | 5-80  | | channery sandy| SM | | | | | |  | | loam, very | | | | | | |  | | channery loamy| | | | | | |  | | sand | | | | | | |  | >52 |Unweathered | | | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---  | | bedrock | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | 
663

Table 16.--Engineering Index Properties--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________ | | | Classification | Fragments | Percentage pass Map symbol | Depth | USDA texture |___________________________|_____________| sieve number- and soil name | | | | | >10 | 3-10 |____________________ | | | Unified | AASHTO |inches|inches| 4 | 10 | 40 _________________|_______|_______________|_____________|_____________|______|______|______|______|______ | In | | | | Pct | Pct | | |  | | | | | | | | | DkF: | | | | | | | | |  Dekalb----------| 0-1 |Slightly |PT |A-8 | 1-25 | 1-25 | --- | --- | ---  | | decomposed | | | | | | |  | | plant material| | | | | | |  | 1-2 |Channery sandy |SM, GM |A-2, A-1, A-4| 1-6 | 9-30 |62-96 |47-95 |27-73  | | loam | | | | | | |  | 2-4 |Channery sandy |GM, SM |A-4, A-1, A-2| 1-10 | 9-31 |46-96 |11-95 | 6-73  | | loam | | | | | | |  | 4-8 |Very channery |SM, CL-ML, |A-2, A-1, A-4| 1-20 | 9-41 |46-96 |11-95 | 8-94  | | loam | ML, GM | | | | | |  | 8-15 |Channery sandy |GC-GM, GM, |A-1, A-2, A-4| 0 | 7-41 |39-92 | 9-88 | ---  | | loam, very | ML, SM | | | | | |  | | channery loam,| | | | | | |  | | very channery | | | | | | |  | | sandy loam | | | | | | |  | 15-23 |Channery sandy |ML, GM, |A-1, A-2, A-4| 0 | 7-52 |39-92 | 9-88 | ---  | | loam, very | GC-GM, SM | | | | | |  | | channery loam,| | | | | | |  | | very channery | | | | | | |  | | sandy loam | | | | | | |  | 23-34 |Extremely |SM, SC, GM, |A-1, A-2, A-4| 2-10 |37-62 |30-59 | 7-59 | ---  | | channery sandy| GC | | | | | |  | | loam, very | | | | | | |  | | channery loamy| | | | | | |  | | sand | | | | | | |  | >34 |Unweathered | | | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---  | | bedrock | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | |  Rock outcrop----| 0-10 |Bedrock | | | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---  | | | | | | | | | Du: | | | | | | | | |  Dunning---------| 0-20 |Silt loam, |CL-ML, ML, CL|A-4, A-6 | 0 | 0 | 100 |95-100|90-10 | | silty clay | | | | | | |  | | loam | | | | | | |  | 20-65 |Silty clay, |CH, CL |A-7 | 0 | 0-5 |90-100|70-100|60-10 | | clay, silty | | | | | | |  | | clay loam | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | 
664

Table 16.--Engineering Index Properties--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________ | | | Classification | Fragments | Percentage pass Map symbol | Depth | USDA texture |___________________________|_____________| sieve number- and soil name | | | | | >10 | 3-10 |____________________ | | | Unified | AASHTO |inches|inches| 4 | 10 | 40 _________________|_______|_______________|_____________|_____________|______|______|______|______|______ | In | | | | Pct | Pct | | |  | | | | | | | | | ElF: | | | | | | | | |  Elliber---------| 0-2 |Slightly |PT |A-8 | 0 | 0 | --- | --- | ---  | | decomposed | | | | | | |  | | plant material| | | | | | |  | 2-12 |Extremely |GM |A-1, A-2, A-4| 0 | 4-9 |50-67 |21-67 |18-65  | | channery silt | | | | | | |  | | loam | | | | | | |  | 12-67 |Very channery |GM, SM |A-2, A-4 | 0 |16-26 |57-78 |31-78 |24-78  | | silt loam, | | | | | | |  | | extremely | | | | | | |  | | channery loam,| | | | | | |  | | very channery | | | | | | |  | | clay loam | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | ErB: | | | | | | | | |  Ernest----------| 0-2 |Slightly |PT |A-8 | 0 | 0 | --- | --- | ---  | | decomposed | | | | | | |  | | plant material| | | | | | |  | 2-3 |Moderately |PT |A-8 | 0 | 0 | --- | --- | ---  | | decomposed | | | | | | |  | | plant material| | | | | | |  | 3-10 |Silt loam |ML, CL, CL-ML|A-4, A-6 | 0 | 0-9 |86-100|66-100|61-97  | 10-28 |Silty clay |CL, CL-ML, ML|A-4, A-6, A-7| 0 | 0-11 |78-100|51-100|47-10 | | loam, silt | | | | | | |  | | loam, channery| | | | | | |  | | silt loam, | | | | | | |  | | channery silty| | | | | | |  | | clay loam | | | | | | |  | 28-44 |Channery silt |GM, SC, ML, |A-4, A-6, A-7| 0 | 0-13 |75-97 |42-97 |38-97  | | loam, channery| CL | | | | | |  | | loam, silty | | | | | | |  | | clay loam | | | | | | |  | 44-62 |Channery silt |CL, GM, SC, |A-4, A-6, A-7| 0 | 0-13 |75-96 |35-96 |28-96  | | loam, silt | ML | | | | | |  | | loam, silty | | | | | | |  | | clay loam | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | 
665

Table 16.--Engineering Index Properties--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________ | | | Classification | Fragments | Percentage pass Map symbol | Depth | USDA texture |___________________________|_____________| sieve number- and soil name | | | | | >10 | 3-10 |____________________ | | | Unified | AASHTO |inches|inches| 4 | 10 | 40 _________________|_______|_______________|_____________|_____________|______|______|______|______|______ | In | | | | Pct | Pct | | |  | | | | | | | | | EsC: | | | | | | | | |  Ernest----------| 0-2 |Slightly |PT |A-8 | 0 | 0 | --- | --- | ---  | | decomposed | | | | | | |  | | plant material| | | | | | |  | 2-3 |Moderately |PT |A-8 | 0 | 0 | --- | --- | ---  | | decomposed | | | | | | |  | | plant material| | | | | | |  | 3-10 |Silt loam |ML, CL-ML, CL|A-4, A-6 | 0 | 0-9 |86-100|66-100|61-97  | 10-28 |Silty clay |CL, CL-ML, ML|A-4, A-6, A-7| 0 | 0-11 |78-100|51-100|47-10 | | loam, silt | | | | | | |  | | loam, channery| | | | | | |  | | silt loam, | | | | | | |  | | channery silty| | | | | | |  | | clay loam | | | | | | |  | 28-44 |Channery silt |ML, GM, SC, |A-4, A-6, A-7| 0 | 0-13 |75-97 |42-97 |38-97  | | loam, channery| CL | | | | | |  | | loam, silty | | | | | | |  | | clay loam | | | | | | |  | 44-62 |Channery silt |GM, CL, SC, |A-4, A-6, A-7| 0 | 0-13 |75-96 |35-96 |28-96  | | loam, silt | ML | | | | | |  | | loam, silty | | | | | | |  | | clay loam | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | FaE: | | | | | | | | |  Faywood---------| 0-8 |Silt loam |CL-ML, ML |A-4 | 0 | 0-15 | 100 |72-100|57-10 | 8-28 |Silty clay, |CH, CL |A-7 | 0 | 0-21 |82-100|63-100|58-10 | | clay, silty | | | | | | |  | | clay loam | | | | | | |  | 28-32 |Unweathered | | | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---  | | bedrock | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | FaF: | | | | | | | | |  Faywood---------| 0-8 |Silt loam |CL-ML, ML |A-4 | 0 | 0-15 | 100 |72-100|57-10 | 8-28 |Silty clay, |CL, CH |A-7 | 0 | 0-21 |82-100|63-100|58-10 | | clay, silty | | | | | | |  | | clay loam | | | | | | |  | 28-32 |Unweathered | | | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---  | | bedrock | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | 
666

Table 16.--Engineering Index Properties--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________ | | | Classification | Fragments | Percentage pass Map symbol | Depth | USDA texture |___________________________|_____________| sieve number- and soil name | | | | | >10 | 3-10 |____________________ | | | Unified | AASHTO |inches|inches| 4 | 10 | 40 _________________|_______|_______________|_____________|_____________|______|______|______|______|______ | In | | | | Pct | Pct | | |  | | | | | | | | | FkB: | | | | | | | | |  Frankstown------| 0-4 |Silt loam |CL-ML, ML |A-4, A-6 | 0 | 0 |86-100|68-100|61-99  | 4-35 |Channery silty |GC, CH, CL, |A-6, A-7 | 0 | 0 |70-100|35-100|33-10 | | clay loam, | ML | | | | | |  | | silt loam, | | | | | | |  | | very channery | | | | | | |  | | silt loam | | | | | | |  | 35-45 |Channery silty |MH, GC, CL, |A-6, A-7 | 0 | 0-5 |62-100|20-100|18-10 | | clay loam, | CH | | | | | |  | | channery silt | | | | | | |  | | loam, channery| | | | | | |  | | clay, very | | | | | | |  | | channery silt | | | | | | |  | | loam | | | | | | |  | 45-46 |Unweathered | | | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---  | | bedrock | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | FkC: | | | | | | | | |  Frankstown------| 0-4 |Silt loam |ML, CL-ML |A-4, A-6 | 0 | 0 |86-100|68-100|61-99  | 4-35 |Channery silty |CH, CL, GC, |A-6, A-7 | 0 | 0 |70-100|35-100|33-10 | | clay loam, | ML | | | | | |  | | silt loam, | | | | | | |  | | very channery | | | | | | |  | | silt loam | | | | | | |  | 35-45 |Channery silty |CL, CH, GC, |A-6, A-7 | 0 | 0-5 |62-100|20-100|18-10 | | clay loam, | MH | | | | | |  | | channery silt | | | | | | |  | | loam, channery| | | | | | |  | | clay, very | | | | | | |  | | channery silt | | | | | | |  | | loam | | | | | | |  | 45-46 |Unweathered | | | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---  | | bedrock | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | 
667

Table 16.--Engineering Index Properties--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________ | | | Classification | Fragments | Percentage pass Map symbol | Depth | USDA texture |___________________________|_____________| sieve number- and soil name | | | | | >10 | 3-10 |____________________ | | | Unified | AASHTO |inches|inches| 4 | 10 | 40 _________________|_______|_______________|_____________|_____________|______|______|______|______|______ | In | | | | Pct | Pct | | |  | | | | | | | | | FkD: | | | | | | | | |  Frankstown------| 0-4 |Silt loam |ML, CL-ML |A-4, A-6 | 0 | 0 |86-100|68-100|61-99  | 4-35 |Channery silty |CL, CH, GC, |A-6, A-7 | 0 | 0 |70-100|35-100|33-10 | | clay loam, | ML | | | | | |  | | silt loam, | | | | | | |  | | very channery | | | | | | |  | | silt loam | | | | | | |  | 35-45 |Channery silty |CH, CL, MH, |A-6, A-7 | 0 | 0-5 |62-100|20-100|18-10 | | clay loam, | GC | | | | | |  | | channery silt | | | | | | |  | | loam, channery| | | | | | |  | | clay, very | | | | | | |  | | channery silt | | | | | | |  | | loam | | | | | | |  | 45-46 |Unweathered | | | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---  | | bedrock | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | FoC: | | | | | | | | |  Frankstown------| 0-4 |Silt loam |CL-ML, ML |A-4, A-6 | 0 | 0 |86-100|68-100|61-99  | 4-35 |Channery silty |ML, CH, CL, |A-6, A-7 | 0 | 0 |70-100|35-100|33-10 | | clay loam, | GC | | | | | |  | | silt loam, | | | | | | |  | | very channery | | | | | | |  | | silt loam | | | | | | |  | 35-45 |Channery silty |CH, CL, MH, |A-6, A-7 | 0 | 0-5 |62-100|20-100|18-10 | | clay loam, | GC | | | | | |  | | channery silt | | | | | | |  | | loam, channery| | | | | | |  | | clay, very | | | | | | |  | | channery silt | | | | | | |  | | loam | | | | | | |  | 45-46 |Unweathered | | | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---  | | bedrock | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | 
668

Table 16.--Engineering Index Properties--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________ | | | Classification | Fragments | Percentage pass Map symbol | Depth | USDA texture |___________________________|_____________| sieve number- and soil name | | | | | >10 | 3-10 |____________________ | | | Unified | AASHTO |inches|inches| 4 | 10 | 40 _________________|_______|_______________|_____________|_____________|______|______|______|______|______ | In | | | | Pct | Pct | | |  | | | | | | | | | FoE: | | | | | | | | |  Frankstown------| 0-4 |Silt loam |CL-ML, ML |A-4, A-6 | 0 | 0 |86-100|68-100|61-99  | 4-35 |Channery silty |GC, CL, CH, |A-6, A-7 | 0 | 0 |70-100|35-100|33-10 | | clay loam, | ML | | | | | |  | | silt loam, | | | | | | |  | | very channery | | | | | | |  | | silt loam | | | | | | |  | 35-45 |Channery silty |MH, GC, CL, |A-6, A-7 | 0 | 0-5 |62-100|20-100|18-10 | | clay loam, | CH | | | | | |  | | channery silt | | | | | | |  | | loam, channery| | | | | | |  | | clay, very | | | | | | |  | | channery silt | | | | | | |  | | loam | | | | | | |  | 45-46 |Unweathered | | | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---  | | bedrock | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | FrB: | | | | | | | | |  Frederick-------| 0-8 |Gravelly silt |ML, GM, GC, |A-4, A-6 | 0 | 0-8 |66-100|41-100|34-10 | | loam, silt | CL | | | | | |  | | loam | | | | | | |  | 8-29 |Gravelly silty |MH, CH, SC, |A-7 | 0 | 0-4 |84-100|43-100|40-10 | | clay loam, | SM | | | | | |  | | silty clay, | | | | | | |  | | clay, silty | | | | | | |  | | clay loam | | | | | | |  | 29-80 |Clay, silty |CH |A-7 | 0 | 0-15 |82-100|67-100|50-10 | | clay, channery| | | | | | |  | | clay, channery| | | | | | |  | | silty clay | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | FrC: | | | | | | | | |  Frederick-------| 0-8 |Gravelly silt |ML, CL, GC, |A-4, A-6 | 0 | 0-8 |66-100|41-100|34-10 | | loam, silt | GM | | | | | |  | | loam | | | | | | |  | 8-29 |Gravelly silty |SC, MH, CH, |A-7 | 0 | 0-4 |84-100|43-100|40-10 | | clay loam, | SM | | | | | |  | | silty clay, | | | | | | |  | | clay, silty | | | | | | |  | | clay loam | | | | | | |  | 29-80 |Clay, silty |CH |A-7 | 0 | 0-15 |82-100|67-100|50-10 | | clay, channery| | | | | | |  | | clay, channery| | | | | | |  | | silty clay | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | 
669

Table 16.--Engineering Index Properties--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________ | | | Classification | Fragments | Percentage pass Map symbol | Depth | USDA texture |___________________________|_____________| sieve number- and soil name | | | | | >10 | 3-10 |____________________ | | | Unified | AASHTO |inches|inches| 4 | 10 | 40 _________________|_______|_______________|_____________|_____________|______|______|______|______|______ | In | | | | Pct | Pct | | |  | | | | | | | | | FrD: | | | | | | | | |  Frederick-------| 0-8 |Gravelly silt |GC, ML, GM, |A-4, A-6 | 0 | 0-8 |66-100|41-100|34-10 | | loam, silt | CL | | | | | |  | | loam | | | | | | |  | 8-29 |Gravelly silty |CH, MH, SC, |A-7 | 0 | 0-4 |84-100|43-100|40-10 | | clay loam, | SM | | | | | |  | | silty clay, | | | | | | |  | | clay, silty | | | | | | |  | | clay loam | | | | | | |  | 29-80 |Clay, silty |CH |A-7 | 0 | 0-15 |82-100|67-100|50-10 | | clay, channery| | | | | | |  | | clay, channery| | | | | | |  | | silty clay | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | FyC: | | | | | | | | |  Frederick-------| 0-8 |Gravelly silt |ML, GM, GC, |A-4, A-6 | 0 | 0-8 |66-100|41-100|34-10 | | loam, silt | CL | | | | | |  | | loam | | | | | | |  | 8-29 |Gravelly silty |SM, SC, MH, |A-7 | 0 | 0-4 |84-100|43-100|40-10 | | clay loam, | CH | | | | | |  | | silty clay, | | | | | | |  | | clay, silty | | | | | | |  | | clay loam | | | | | | |  | 29-80 |Clay, silty |CH |A-7 | 0 | 0-15 |82-100|67-100|50-10 | | clay, channery| | | | | | |  | | clay, channery| | | | | | |  | | silty clay | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | |  Caneyville------| 0-3 |Silt loam |CL |A-6 | 0 | 0-5 |89-100|74-100|63-10 | 3-10 |Silty clay, |CH, CL |A-7 | 0 | 0-4 |90-100|77-100|69-10 | | clay, silty | | | | | | |  | | clay loam, | | | | | | |  | | silt loam | | | | | | |  | 10-24 |Clay, silty |CH |A-7 | 0-9 | 0-9 |74-100|35-100|29-10 | | clay, channery| | | | | | |  | | silty clay | | | | | | |  | >24 |Unweathered | | | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---  | | bedrock | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | 
670

Table 16.--Engineering Index Properties--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________ | | | Classification | Fragments | Percentage pass Map symbol | Depth | USDA texture |___________________________|_____________| sieve number- and soil name | | | | | >10 | 3-10 |____________________ | | | Unified | AASHTO |inches|inches| 4 | 10 | 40 _________________|_______|_______________|_____________|_____________|______|______|______|______|______ | In | | | | Pct | Pct | | |  | | | | | | | | | FyE: | | | | | | | | |  Frederick-------| 0-8 |Gravelly silt |ML, GM, GC, |A-4, A-6 | 0 | 0-8 |66-100|41-100|34-10 | | loam, silt | CL | | | | | |  | | loam | | | | | | |  | 8-29 |Gravelly silty |CH, MH, SC, |A-7 | 0 | 0-4 |84-100|43-100|40-10 | | clay loam, | SM | | | | | |  | | silty clay, | | | | | | |  | | clay, silty | | | | | | |  | | clay loam | | | | | | |  | 29-80 |Clay, silty |CH |A-7 | 0 | 0-15 |82-100|67-100|50-10 | | clay, channery| | | | | | |  | | clay, channery| | | | | | |  | | silty clay | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | |  Caneyville------| 0-3 |Silt loam |CL |A-6 | 0 | 0-5 |89-100|74-100|63-10 | 3-10 |Silty clay, |CH, CL |A-7 | 0 | 0-4 |90-100|77-100|69-10 | | clay, silty | | | | | | |  | | clay loam, | | | | | | |  | | silt loam | | | | | | |  | 10-24 |Clay, silty |CH |A-7 | 0-9 | 0-9 |74-100|35-100|29-10 | | clay, channery| | | | | | |  | | silty clay | | | | | | |  | >24 |Unweathered | | | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---  | | bedrock | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | GaC: | | | | | | | | |  Gauley----------| 0-3 |Slightly |PT |A-8 |25-43 |25-43 | --- | --- | ---  | | decomposed | | | | | | |  | | plant material| | | | | | |  | 3-6 |Highly |PT |A-8 |23-41 |23-41 | --- | --- | ---  | | decomposed | | | | | | |  | | plant material| | | | | | |  | 6-8 |Very channery |SM, ML, GM, |A-1, A-2, A-4| 1-10 |30-50 |40-80 |40-75 |35-70  | | sandy loam, | CL-ML | | | | | |  | | channery sandy| | | | | | |  | | loam | | | | | | |  | 8-26 |Channery loam, |CL-ML, SM, |A-1, A-2, A-4| 0 |10-40 |45-80 |40-80 |40-75  | | very channery | ML, GM | | | | | |  | | loam, very | | | | | | |  | | channery sandy| | | | | | |  | | loam | | | | | | |  | 26-38 |Extremely |GC-GM, GM, |A-1, A-2, A-4| 0 |10-50 |45-75 |30-75 |25-70  | | channery loam,| SC-SM, SM | | | | | |  | | very channery | | | | | | |  | | sandy loam | | | | | | |  | >38 |Unweathered | | | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---  | | bedrock | | | | | | | 
671

Table 16.--Engineering Index Properties--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________ | | | Classification | Fragments | Percentage pass Map symbol | Depth | USDA texture |___________________________|_____________| sieve number- and soil name | | | | | >10 | 3-10 |____________________ | | | Unified | AASHTO |inches|inches| 4 | 10 | 40 _________________|_______|_______________|_____________|_____________|______|______|______|______|______ | In | | | | Pct | Pct | | |  | | | | | | | | | GaE: | | | | | | | | |  Gauley----------| 0-3 |Slightly |PT |A-8 |25-43 |25-43 | --- | --- | ---  | | decomposed | | | | | | |  | | plant material| | | | | | |  | 3-6 |Highly |PT |A-8 |23-41 |23-41 | --- | --- | ---  | | decomposed | | | | | | |  | | plant material| | | | | | |  | 6-8 |Very channery |SM, ML, GM, |A-1, A-2, A-4| 1-10 |30-50 |40-80 |40-75 |35-70  | | sandy loam, | CL-ML | | | | | |  | | channery sandy| | | | | | |  | | loam | | | | | | |  | 8-26 |Channery loam, |SM, ML, GM, |A-1, A-2, A-4| 0 |10-40 |45-80 |40-80 |40-75  | | very channery | CL-ML | | | | | |  | | loam, very | | | | | | |  | | channery sandy| | | | | | |  | | loam | | | | | | |  | 26-38 |Extremely |SM, SC-SM, |A-1, A-2, A-4| 0 |10-50 |45-75 |30-75 |25-70  | | channery loam,| GC-GM, GM | | | | | |  | | very channery | | | | | | |  | | sandy loam | | | | | | |  | >38 |Unweathered | | | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---  | | bedrock | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | GnC: | | | | | | | | |  Gilpin----------| 0-1 |Slightly |PT |A-8 | 0 | 0 | --- | --- | ---  | | decomposed | | | | | | |  | | plant material| | | | | | |  | 1-2 |Moderately |PT |A-8 | 0 | 0 | --- | --- | ---  | | decomposed | | | | | | |  | | plant material| | | | | | |  | 2-3 |Channery silt |CL, CL-ML, ML|A-4, A-6 | 0 | 0-4 |81-94 |63-94 |57-94  | | loam | | | | | | |  | 3-24 |Channery loam, |CL, CL-ML, |A-2, A-4, A-6| 0 | 0-19 |60-96 |20-96 |18-96  | | channery silt | GC, SC | | | | | |  | | loam, silty | | | | | | |  | | clay loam | | | | | | |  | 24-36 |Extremely |GC-GM, ML, GC|A-1, A-2, | 0 | 0-21 |41-71 |13-71 |12-71  | | channery silt | | A-4, A-6 | | | | |  | | loam, channery| | | | | | |  | | loam, very | | | | | | |  | | channery silt | | | | | | |  | | loam, very | | | | | | |  | | channery silty| | | | | | |  | | clay loam | | | | | | |  | 36-37 |Unweathered | | | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---  | | bedrock | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | 
672

Table 16.--Engineering Index Properties--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________ | | | Classification | Fragments | Percentage pass Map symbol | Depth | USDA texture |___________________________|_____________| sieve number- and soil name | | | | | >10 | 3-10 |____________________ | | | Unified | AASHTO |inches|inches| 4 | 10 | 40 _________________|_______|_______________|_____________|_____________|______|______|______|______|______ | In | | | | Pct | Pct | | |  | | | | | | | | | GnD: | | | | | | | | |  Gilpin----------| 0-1 |Slightly |PT |A-8 |25-43 |25-43 | --- | --- | ---  | | decomposed | | | | | | |  | | plant material| | | | | | |  | 1-2 |Highly |PT |A-8 |23-41 |23-41 | --- | --- | ---  | | decomposed | | | | | | |  | | plant material| | | | | | |  | 2-3 |Channery silt |ML, CL-ML, CL|A-4, A-6 | 0 | 0-4 |81-94 |63-94 |57-94  | | loam | | | | | | |  | 3-24 |Channery loam, |CL, CL-ML, |A-2, A-4, A-6| 0 | 0-19 |60-96 |20-96 |18-96  | | channery silt | GC, SC | | | | | |  | | loam, silty | | | | | | |  | | clay loam | | | | | | |  | 24-36 |Extremely |GC, GC-GM, ML|A-1, A-2, | 0 | 0-21 |41-71 |13-71 |12-71  | | channery silt | | A-4, A-6 | | | | |  | | loam, channery| | | | | | |  | | loam, very | | | | | | |  | | channery silt | | | | | | |  | | loam, very | | | | | | |  | | channery silty| | | | | | |  | | clay loam | | | | | | |  | 36-37 |Unweathered | | | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---  | | bedrock | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | GpC: | | | | | | | | |  Gilpin----------| 0-1 |Slightly |PT |A-8 |25-43 |25-43 | --- | --- | ---  | | decomposed | | | | | | |  | | plant material| | | | | | |  | 1-2 |Highly |PT |A-8 |23-41 |23-41 | --- | --- | ---  | | decomposed | | | | | | |  | | plant material| | | | | | |  | 2-3 |Channery silt |CL, CL-ML, ML|A-4, A-6 | 0 | 0-4 |81-94 |63-94 |57-94  | | loam | | | | | | |  | 3-24 |Channery loam, |CL-ML, SC, |A-2, A-4, A-6| 0 | 0-19 |60-96 |20-96 |18-96  | | channery silt | CL, GC | | | | | |  | | loam, silty | | | | | | |  | | clay loam | | | | | | |  | 24-36 |Extremely |ML, GC-GM, GC|A-1, A-2, | 0 | 0-21 |41-71 |13-71 |12-71  | | channery silt | | A-4, A-6 | | | | |  | | loam, channery| | | | | | |  | | loam, very | | | | | | |  | | channery silt | | | | | | |  | | loam, very | | | | | | |  | | channery silty| | | | | | |  | | clay loam | | | | | | |  | 36-37 |Unweathered | | | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---  | | bedrock | | | | | | | 
673

Table 16.--Engineering Index Properties--Continued

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________ | | | Classification | Fragments | Percentage passin Map symbol | Depth | USDA texture |___________________________|_____________| sieve number--  and soil name | | | | | >10 | 3-10 |______________________ | | | Unified | AASHTO |inches|inches| 4 | 10 | 40 | _________________|_______|_______________|_____________|_____________|______|______|______|______|______|_ | In | | | | Pct | Pct | | | |  | | | | | | | | | | GpE: | | | | | | | | | |  Gilpin----------| 0-1 |Slightly |PT |A-8 |25-43 |25-43 | --- | --- | --- |  | | decomposed | | | | | | | |  | | plant material| | | | | | | |  | 1-2 |Highly |PT |A-8 |23-41 |23-41 | --- | --- | --- |  | | decomposed | | | | | | | |  | | plant material| | | | | | | |  | 2-3 |Channery silt |CL-ML, ML, CL|A-4, A-6 | 0 | 0-4 |81-94 |63-94 |57-94 | | | loam | | | | | | | |  | 3-24 |Channery loam, |CL, CL-ML, |A-2, A-4, A-6| 0 | 0-19 |60-96 |20-96 |18-96 | | | channery silt | GC, SC | | | | | | |  | | loam, silty | | | | | | | |  | | clay loam | | | | | | | |  | 24-36 |Extremely |ML, GC-GM, GC|A-1, A-2, | 0 | 0-21 |41-71 |13-71 |12-71 | | | channery silt | | A-4, A-6 | | | | | |  | | loam, channery| | | | | | | |  | | loam, very | | | | | | | |  | | channery silt | | | | | | | |  | | loam, very | | | | | | | |  | | channery silty| | | | | | | |  | | clay loam | | | | | | | |  | 36-37 |Unweathered | | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |  | | bedrock | | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | | Ho: | | | | | | | | | |  Holly-----------| 0-4 |Silt loam |ML |A-4 | 0 | 0 |83-100|66-100|53-100| | 4-42 |Silt loam, |ML, SM |A-4, A-6 | 0 | 0 |76-100|60-100|48-100| | | loam, sandy | | | | | | | |  | | loam, silty | | | | | | | |  | | clay loam | | | | | | | |  | 42-65 |Silt loam, |SM, ML |A-2, A-4 | 0 | 0 |64-100|43-100|34-100| | | loam, sandy | | | | | | | |  | | loam, silty | | | | | | | |  | | clay loam | | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | | KxF: | | | | | | | | | |  Kaymine---------| 0-13 |Channery loam, |GC |A-2, A-4, A-6| 0 |11-17 |44-73 | 7-73 | 6-69 |  | | extremely | | | | | | | |  | | channery loam | | | | | | | |  | 13-65 |Extremely |GC |A-2, A-4, A-6| 0 | 4-18 |50-71 |11-71 |10-68 |  | | channery loam,| | | | | | | |  | | very stony | | | | | | | |  | | silt loam, | | | | | | | |  | | very channery | | | | | | | |  | | loam | | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | |  Rock outcrop----| 0-10 |Bedrock | | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | 
674

Table 16.--Engineering Index Properties--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________ | | | Classification | Fragments | Percentage pass Map symbol | Depth | USDA texture |___________________________|_____________| sieve number- and soil name | | | | | >10 | 3-10 |____________________ | | | Unified | AASHTO |inches|inches| 4 | 10 | 40 _________________|_______|_______________|_____________|_____________|______|______|______|______|______ | In | | | | Pct | Pct | | |  | | | | | | | | | LcC: | | | | | | | | |  Leatherbark-----| 0-1 |Slightly |PT |A-8 | 1-25 | 1-25 | --- | --- | ---  | | decomposed | | | | | | |  | | plant material| | | | | | |  | 1-2 |Moderately |PT |A-8 | 1-24 | 1-24 | --- | --- | ---  | | decomposed | | | | | | |  | | plant material| | | | | | |  | 2-7 |Silt loam |CL-ML |A-4 | 0 | 0-23 |69-100|51-100|43-10 | 7-37 |Channery silt |GM, SC, SM |A-2, A-4 | 0 | 0-19 |53-86 |17-86 |14-86  | | loam, very | | | | | | |  | | channery silt | | | | | | |  | | loam, | | | | | | |  | | extremely | | | | | | |  | | channery loam,| | | | | | |  | | silty clay | | | | | | |  | | loam | | | | | | |  | 37-40 |Extremely |GC, SC |A-2 | 0 | 0-25 |46-79 |13-79 |12-79  | | channery silt | | | | | | |  | | loam, | | | | | | |  | | extremely | | | | | | |  | | channery loam,| | | | | | |  | | very channery | | | | | | |  | | silt loam | | | | | | |  | 40-41 |Weathered | | | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---  | | bedrock | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | LgB: | | | | | | | | |  Lily------------| 0-1 |Slightly |PT |A-8 | 0 | 0 | --- | --- | ---  | | decomposed | | | | | | |  | | plant material| | | | | | |  | 1-8 |Loam, sandy |ML, CL-ML |A-4 | 0 | 0-4 |90-100|77-100|58-95  | | loam, fine | | | | | | |  | | sandy loam | | | | | | |  | 8-25 |Clay loam, |ML, SC, CL, |A-4, A-6 | 0 | 0-4 |90-100|77-100|65-10 | | sandy clay | SM | | | | | |  | | loam, loam, | | | | | | |  | | fine sandy | | | | | | |  | | loam | | | | | | |  | 25-33 |Sandy clay |CL, SM, ML, |A-1-b, A-2, | 0 | 0-7 |73-100|35-100|26-10 | | loam, clay | SC | A-4, A-6 | | | | |  | | loam, gravelly| | | | | | |  | | sandy clay | | | | | | |  | | loam, loamy | | | | | | |  | | sand | | | | | | |  | >33 |Unweathered | | | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---  | | bedrock | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | 
675

Table 16.--Engineering Index Properties--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________ | | | Classification | Fragments | Percentage pass Map symbol | Depth | USDA texture |___________________________|_____________| sieve number- and soil name | | | | | >10 | 3-10 |____________________ | | | Unified | AASHTO |inches|inches| 4 | 10 | 40 _________________|_______|_______________|_____________|_____________|______|______|______|______|______ | In | | | | Pct | Pct | | |  | | | | | | | | | LgC: | | | | | | | | |  Lily------------| 0-1 |Slightly |PT |A-8 | 0 | 0 | --- | --- | ---  | | decomposed | | | | | | |  | | plant material| | | | | | |  | 1-8 |Loam, sandy |ML, CL-ML |A-4 | 0 | 0-4 |90-100|77-100|58-95  | | loam, fine | | | | | | |  | | sandy loam | | | | | | |  | 8-25 |Clay loam, |CL, SM, SC, |A-4, A-6 | 0 | 0-4 |90-100|77-100|65-10 | | sandy clay | ML | | | | | |  | | loam, loam, | | | | | | |  | | fine sandy | | | | | | |  | | loam | | | | | | |  | 25-33 |Sandy clay |SM, SC, ML, |A-1-b, A-2, | 0 | 0-7 |73-100|35-100|26-10 | | loam, clay | CL | A-4, A-6 | | | | |  | | loam, gravelly| | | | | | |  | | sandy clay | | | | | | |  | | loam, loamy | | | | | | |  | | sand | | | | | | |  | >33 |Unweathered | | | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---  | | bedrock | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | LhE: | | | | | | | | |  Lily------------| 0-1 |Slightly |PT |A-8 | 0 | 0 | --- | --- | ---  | | decomposed | | | | | | |  | | plant material| | | | | | |  | 1-8 |Loam, sandy |CL-ML, ML |A-4 | 0 | 0-4 |90-100|77-100|58-95  | | loam, fine | | | | | | |  | | sandy loam | | | | | | |  | 8-25 |Clay loam, |ML, SC, SM, |A-4, A-6 | 0 | 0-4 |90-100|77-100|65-10 | | sandy clay | CL | | | | | |  | | loam, loam, | | | | | | |  | | fine sandy | | | | | | |  | | loam | | | | | | |  | 25-33 |Sandy clay |SM, CL, ML, |A-1-b, A-2, | 0 | 0-7 |73-100|35-100|26-10 | | loam, clay | SC | A-4, A-6 | | | | |  | | loam, gravelly| | | | | | |  | | sandy clay | | | | | | |  | | loam, loamy | | | | | | |  | | sand | | | | | | |  | >33 |Unweathered | | | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---  | | bedrock | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | 
676

Table 16.--Engineering Index Properties--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________ | | | Classification | Fragments | Percentage pass Map symbol | Depth | USDA texture |___________________________|_____________| sieve number- and soil name | | | | | >10 | 3-10 |____________________ | | | Unified | AASHTO |inches|inches| 4 | 10 | 40 _________________|_______|_______________|_____________|_____________|______|______|______|______|______ | In | | | | Pct | Pct | | |  | | | | | | | | | Lo: | | | | | | | | |  Lobdell---------| 0-10 |Silt loam |CL-ML, ML, CL|A-4 | 0 | 0 |91-100|82-100|65-10 | 10-28 |Loam, silt |ML |A-4 | 0 | 0 |85-100|62-100|43-96  | | loam, fine | | | | | | |  | | sandy loam | | | | | | |  | 28-65 |Silt loam, |CL-ML, SM, |A-4 | 0 | 0 |60-95 |15-84 |12-84  | | loam, sandy | CL, ML | | | | | |  | | loam, very | | | | | | |  | | gravelly silt | | | | | | |  | | loam, gravelly| | | | | | |  | | silt loam | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | MaB: | | | | | | | | |  Macove----------| 0-1 |Slightly |PT |A-8 | 0 | 0 | --- | --- | ---  | | decomposed | | | | | | |  | | plant material| | | | | | |  | 1-5 |Channery loam, |SM, GM |A-1-b, A-2-4,| 0-7 | 5-10 |60-79 |27-73 |19-70  | | channery silt | | A-4 | | | | |  | | loam | | | | | | |  | 5-15 |Very channery |GP-GM, GM, SM|A-1-a, A-1-b,| 0-16 | 5-27 |43-82 |14-76 |11-76  | | silt loam, | | A-4 | | | | |  | | channery silt | | | | | | |  | | loam, channery| | | | | | |  | | loam | | | | | | |  | 15-65 |Very channery |GP-GM, SM, GM|A-1-a, A-1-b,| 0-31 |15-62 |48-94 | 5-89 | 3-89  | | silt loam, | | A-2 | | | | |  | | very channery | | | | | | |  | | loam, very | | | | | | |  | | channery silty| | | | | | |  | | clay loam, | | | | | | |  | | extremely | | | | | | |  | | channery silty| | | | | | |  | | clay loam | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | 
677

Table 16.--Engineering Index Properties--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________ | | | Classification | Fragments | Percentage pass Map symbol | Depth | USDA texture |___________________________|_____________| sieve number- and soil name | | | | | >10 | 3-10 |____________________ | | | Unified | AASHTO |inches|inches| 4 | 10 | 40 _________________|_______|_______________|_____________|_____________|______|______|______|______|______ | In | | | | Pct | Pct | | |  | | | | | | | | | MaC: | | | | | | | | |  Macove----------| 0-1 |Slightly |PT |A-8 | 0 | 0 | --- | --- | ---  | | decomposed | | | | | | |  | | plant material| | | | | | |  | 1-5 |Channery loam, |SM, GM |A-1-b, A-2-4,| 0-7 | 5-10 |60-79 |27-73 |19-70  | | channery silt | | A-4 | | | | |  | | loam | | | | | | |  | 5-15 |Very channery |GM, GP-GM, SM|A-1-a, A-1-b,| 0-16 | 5-27 |43-82 |14-76 |11-76  | | silt loam, | | A-4 | | | | |  | | channery silt | | | | | | |  | | loam, channery| | | | | | |  | | loam | | | | | | |  | 15-65 |Very channery |GM, GP-GM, SM|A-1-a, A-1-b,| 0-31 |15-62 |48-94 | 5-89 | 3-89  | | silt loam, | | A-2 | | | | |  | | very channery | | | | | | |  | | loam, very | | | | | | |  | | channery silty| | | | | | |  | | clay loam, | | | | | | |  | | extremely | | | | | | |  | | channery silty| | | | | | |  | | clay loam | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | MaD: | | | | | | | | |  Macove----------| 0-1 |Slightly |PT |A-8 | 0 | 0 | --- | --- | ---  | | decomposed | | | | | | |  | | plant material| | | | | | |  | 1-5 |Channery loam, |GM, SM |A-1-b, A-2-4,| 0-7 | 5-10 |60-79 |27-73 |19-70  | | channery silt | | A-4 | | | | |  | | loam | | | | | | |  | 5-15 |Very channery |SM, GP-GM, GM|A-1-a, A-1-b,| 0-16 | 5-27 |43-82 |14-76 |11-76  | | silt loam, | | A-4 | | | | |  | | channery silt | | | | | | |  | | loam, channery| | | | | | |  | | loam | | | | | | |  | 15-65 |Very channery |GM, SM, GP-GM|A-1-a, A-1-b,| 0-31 |15-62 |48-94 | 5-89 | 3-89  | | silt loam, | | A-2 | | | | |  | | very channery | | | | | | |  | | loam, very | | | | | | |  | | channery silty| | | | | | |  | | clay loam, | | | | | | |  | | extremely | | | | | | |  | | channery silty| | | | | | |  | | clay loam | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | 
678

Table 16.--Engineering Index Properties--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________ | | | Classification | Fragments | Percentage pass Map symbol | Depth | USDA texture |___________________________|_____________| sieve number- and soil name | | | | | >10 | 3-10 |____________________ | | | Unified | AASHTO |inches|inches| 4 | 10 | 40 _________________|_______|_______________|_____________|_____________|______|______|______|______|______ | In | | | | Pct | Pct | | |  | | | | | | | | | McC: | | | | | | | | |  Macove----------| 0-1 |Slightly |PT |A-8 | 0 | 0 | --- | --- | ---  | | decomposed | | | | | | |  | | plant material| | | | | | |  | 1-5 |Channery loam, |GM, SM |A-1-b, A-2-4,| 0-7 | 5-10 |60-79 |27-73 |19-70  | | channery silt | | A-4 | | | | |  | | loam | | | | | | |  | 5-15 |Very channery |SM, GM, GP-GM|A-1-a, A-1-b,| 0-16 | 5-27 |43-82 |14-76 |11-76  | | silt loam, | | A-4 | | | | |  | | channery silt | | | | | | |  | | loam, channery| | | | | | |  | | loam | | | | | | |  | 15-65 |Very channery |GM, SM, GP-GM|A-1-a, A-1-b,| 0-31 |15-62 |48-94 | 5-89 | 3-89  | | silt loam, | | A-2 | | | | |  | | very channery | | | | | | |  | | loam, very | | | | | | |  | | channery silty| | | | | | |  | | clay loam, | | | | | | |  | | extremely | | | | | | |  | | channery silty| | | | | | |  | | clay loam | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | McE: | | | | | | | | |  Macove----------| 0-1 |Slightly |PT |A-8 | 0 | 0 | --- | --- | ---  | | decomposed | | | | | | |  | | plant material| | | | | | |  | 1-5 |Channery loam, |SM, GM |A-1-b, A-2-4,| 0-7 | 5-10 |60-79 |27-73 |19-70  | | channery silt | | A-4 | | | | |  | | loam | | | | | | |  | 5-15 |Very channery |GP-GM, GM, SM|A-1-a, A-1-b,| 0-16 | 5-27 |43-82 |14-76 |11-76  | | silt loam, | | A-4 | | | | |  | | channery silt | | | | | | |  | | loam, channery| | | | | | |  | | loam | | | | | | |  | 15-65 |Very channery |GP-GM, GM, SM|A-1-a, A-1-b,| 0-31 |15-62 |48-94 | 5-89 | 3-89  | | silt loam, | | A-2 | | | | |  | | very channery | | | | | | |  | | loam, very | | | | | | |  | | channery silty| | | | | | |  | | clay loam, | | | | | | |  | | extremely | | | | | | |  | | channery silty| | | | | | |  | | clay loam | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | 
679

Table 16.--Engineering Index Properties--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________ | | | Classification | Fragments | Percentage pass Map symbol | Depth | USDA texture |___________________________|_____________| sieve number- and soil name | | | | | >10 | 3-10 |____________________ | | | Unified | AASHTO |inches|inches| 4 | 10 | 40 _________________|_______|_______________|_____________|_____________|______|______|______|______|______ | In | | | | Pct | Pct | | |  | | | | | | | | | MeF: | | | | | | | | |  Macove----------| 0-1 |Slightly |PT |A-8 | 0 | 0 | --- | --- | ---  | | decomposed | | | | | | |  | | plant material| | | | | | |  | 1-5 |Channery loam, |GM, SM |A-1-b, A-2-4,| 0-7 | 5-10 |60-79 |27-73 |19-70  | | channery silt | | A-4 | | | | |  | | loam | | | | | | |  | 5-15 |Very channery |GM, GP-GM, SM|A-1-a, A-1-b,| 0-16 | 5-27 |43-82 |14-76 |11-76  | | silt loam, | | A-4 | | | | |  | | channery silt | | | | | | |  | | loam, channery| | | | | | |  | | loam | | | | | | |  | 15-65 |Very channery |SM, GP-GM, GM|A-1-a, A-1-b,| 0-31 |15-62 |48-94 | 5-89 | 3-89  | | silt loam, | | A-2 | | | | |  | | very channery | | | | | | |  | | loam, very | | | | | | |  | | channery silty| | | | | | |  | | clay loam, | | | | | | |  | | extremely | | | | | | |  | | channery silty| | | | | | |  | | clay loam | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | |  Gilpin----------| 0-1 |Slightly |PT |A-8 |25-43 |25-43 | --- | --- | ---  | | decomposed | | | | | | |  | | plant material| | | | | | |  | 1-2 |Highly |PT |A-8 |23-41 |23-41 | --- | --- | ---  | | decomposed | | | | | | |  | | plant material| | | | | | |  | 2-3 |Channery silt |ML, CL, CL-ML|A-4, A-6 | 0 | 0-4 |81-94 |63-94 |57-94  | | loam | | | | | | |  | 3-24 |Channery loam, |GC, CL, SC, |A-2, A-4, A-6| 0 | 0-19 |60-96 |20-96 |18-96  | | channery silt | CL-ML | | | | | |  | | loam, silty | | | | | | |  | | clay loam | | | | | | |  | 24-36 |Extremely |ML, GC, GC-GM|A-1, A-2, | 0 | 0-21 |41-71 |13-71 |12-71  | | channery silt | | A-4, A-6 | | | | |  | | loam, channery| | | | | | |  | | loam, very | | | | | | |  | | channery silt | | | | | | |  | | loam, very | | | | | | |  | | channery silty| | | | | | |  | | clay loam | | | | | | |  | 36-37 |Unweathered | | | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---  | | bedrock | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | 
680

Table 16.--Engineering Index Properties--Continued

_______________________________________________________________________________________________________ | | | Classification | Fragments | Percentage pass Map symbol | Depth | USDA texture |___________________________|_____________| sieve number- and soil name | | | | | >10 | 3-10 |___________________ | | | Unified | AASHTO |inches|inches| 4 | 10 | 40 _________________|_______|_______________|_____________|_____________|______|______|______|______|_____ | In | | | | Pct | Pct | | |  | | | | | | | | | MkC: | | | | | | | | |  Mandy-----------| 0-1 |Slightly |PT |A-8 | 1-25 | 1-25 | --- | --- | ---  | | decomposed | | | | | | |  | | plant material| | | | | | |  | 1-6 |Channery silt |CL-ML |A-4 | 0 | 0-11 |68-85 |50-85 |42-85  | | loam | | | | | | |  | 6-29 |Channery silt |GC, GM, SC-SM|A-1, A-2, A-4| 0 | 0-19 |53-86 |17-86 |14-86  | | loam, very | | | | | | |  | | channery silt | | | | | | |  | | loam, | | | | | | |  | | extremely | | | | | | |  | | channery loam | | | | | | |  | 29-37 |Extremely |GM, SC-SM, GC|A-1, A-2 | 0 | 0-25 |46-79 |13-79 |11-79  | | channery silt | | | | | | |  | | loam, | | | | | | |  | | extremely | | | | | | |  | | channery loam | | | | | | |  | 37-38 |Weathered | | | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---  | | bedrock | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | MkE: | | | | | | | | |  Mandy-----------| 0-1 |Slightly |PT |A-8 | 1-25 | 1-25 | --- | --- | ---  | | decomposed | | | | | | |  | | plant material| | | | | | |  | 1-6 |Channery silt |CL-ML |A-4 | 0 | 0-11 |68-85 |50-85 |42-85  | | loam | | | | | | |  | 6-29 |Channery silt |GC, GM, SC-SM|A-1, A-2, A-4| 0 | 0-19 |53-86 |17-86 |14-86  | | loam, very | | | | | | |  | | channery silt | | | | | | |  | | loam, | | | | | | |  | | extremely | | | | | | |  | | channery loam | | | | | | |  | 29-37 |Extremely |GC, GM, SC-SM|A-1, A-2 | 0 | 0-25 |46-79 |13-79 |11-79  | | channery silt | | | | | | |  | | loam, | | | | | | |  | | extremely | | | | | | |  | | channery loam | | | | | | |  | 37-38 |Weathered | | | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---  | | bedrock | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | 
681

Table 16.--Engineering Index Properties--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________ | | | Classification | Fragments | Percentage pass Map symbol | Depth | USDA texture |___________________________|_____________| sieve number- and soil name | | | | | >10 | 3-10 |____________________ | | | Unified | AASHTO |inches|inches| 4 | 10 | 40 _________________|_______|_______________|_____________|_____________|______|______|______|______|______ | In | | | | Pct | Pct | | |  | | | | | | | | | MkF: | | | | | | | | |  Mandy-----------| 0-1 |Slightly |PT |A-8 | 1-25 | 1-25 | --- | --- | ---  | | decomposed | | | | | | |  | | plant material| | | | | | |  | 1-6 |Channery silt |CL-ML |A-4 | 0 | 0-11 |68-85 |50-85 |42-85  | | loam | | | | | | |  | 6-29 |Channery silt |GC, GM, SC-SM|A-1, A-2, A-4| 0 | 0-19 |53-86 |17-86 |14-86  | | loam, very | | | | | | |  | | channery silt | | | | | | |  | | loam, | | | | | | |  | | extremely | | | | | | |  | | channery loam | | | | | | |  | 29-37 |Extremely |GC, GM, SC-SM|A-1, A-2 | 0 | 0-25 |46-79 |13-79 |11-79  | | channery silt | | | | | | |  | | loam, | | | | | | |  | | extremely | | | | | | |  | | channery loam | | | | | | |  | 37-38 |Weathered | | | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---  | | bedrock | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | MkG: | | | | | | | | |  Mandy-----------| 0-1 |Slightly |PT |A-8 | 1-25 | 1-25 | --- | --- | ---  | | decomposed | | | | | | |  | | plant material| | | | | | |  | 1-6 |Channery silt |CL-ML |A-4 | 0 | 0-11 |68-85 |50-85 |42-85  | | loam | | | | | | |  | 6-29 |Channery silt |GC, GM, SC-SM|A-1, A-2, A-4| 0 | 0-19 |53-86 |17-86 |14-86  | | loam, very | | | | | | |  | | channery silt | | | | | | |  | | loam, | | | | | | |  | | extremely | | | | | | |  | | channery loam | | | | | | |  | 29-37 |Extremely |SC-SM, GC, GM|A-1, A-2 | 0 | 0-25 |46-79 |13-79 |11-79  | | channery silt | | | | | | |  | | loam, | | | | | | |  | | extremely | | | | | | |  | | channery loam | | | | | | |  | 37-38 |Weathered | | | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---  | | bedrock | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | 
682

Table 16.--Engineering Index Properties--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________ | | | Classification | Fragments | Percentage pass Map symbol | Depth | USDA texture |___________________________|_____________| sieve number- and soil name | | | | | >10 | 3-10 |____________________ | | | Unified | AASHTO |inches|inches| 4 | 10 | 40 _________________|_______|_______________|_____________|_____________|______|______|______|______|______ | In | | | | Pct | Pct | | |  | | | | | | | | | Ml: | | | | | | | | |  Melvin----------| 0-10 |Silt loam |ML, CL-ML, CL|A-4 | 0 | 0 |95-100|84-100|80-10 | 10-58 |Silt loam, |CL-ML, CL |A-4, A-6 | 0 | 0 |95-100|85-100|77-10 | | silty clay | | | | | | |  | | loam | | | | | | |  | 58-65 |Silt loam, |CL-ML, CL |A-4, A-6 | 0 | 0 |88-100|71-100|53-10 | | silty clay | | | | | | |  | | loam, loam, | | | | | | |  | | sandy loam | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | |  Lindside--------| 0-9 |Silt loam |CL, ML, CL-ML|A-4, A-6 | 0 | 0 | 100 |92-100|87-10 | 9-60 |Silty clay |CL-ML, ML, CL|A-4, A-6 | 0 | 0 | 100 |94-100|89-10 | | loam, silt | | | | | | |  | | loam, very | | | | | | |  | | fine sandy | | | | | | |  | | loam | | | | | | |  | 60-65 |Stratified |ML, SM, SC, |A-2, A-4, A-6| 0 | 0 |69-100|34-100|26-10 | | gravelly sandy| CL | | | | | |  | | loam to silty | | | | | | |  | | clay loam, | | | | | | |  | | fine sandy | | | | | | |  | | loam, very | | | | | | |  | | fine sandy | | | | | | |  | | loam | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | 
683

Table 16.--Engineering Index Properties--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________ | | | Classification | Fragments | Percentage pass Map symbol | Depth | USDA texture |___________________________|_____________| sieve number- and soil name | | | | | >10 | 3-10 |____________________ | | | Unified | AASHTO |inches|inches| 4 | 10 | 40 _________________|_______|_______________|_____________|_____________|______|______|______|______|______ | In | | | | Pct | Pct | | |  | | | | | | | | | MzC: | | | | | | | | |  Mertz-----------| 0-1 |Slightly |PT |A-8 | 1-25 | 1-25 | --- | --- | ---  | | decomposed | | | | | | |  | | plant material| | | | | | |  | 1-2 |Moderately |PT |A-8 | 1-24 | 1-24 | --- | --- | ---  | | decomposed | | | | | | |  | | plant material| | | | | | |  | 2-5 |Channery silt |CL-ML, GM, ML|A-4, A-6 | 0-3 | 5-10 |68-96 |29-96 |25-96  | | loam | | | | | | |  | 5-56 |Channery silt |CL, ML, GC, |A-4, A-6, A-7| 0 | 5-13 |67-96 |30-96 |24-96  | | loam, very | GM | | | | | |  | | channery clay | | | | | | |  | | loam, channery| | | | | | |  | | silty clay | | | | | | |  | | loam, | | | | | | |  | | extremely | | | | | | |  | | channery silty| | | | | | |  | | clay loam, | | | | | | |  | | very channery | | | | | | |  | | silty clay | | | | | | |  | | loam | | | | | | |  | 56-65 |Gravelly silt |ML, CL, GM, |A-6, A-7 | 0 | 4-31 |54-85 | 9-85 | 7-85  | | loam, very | GC | | | | | |  | | gravelly silty| | | | | | |  | | clay loam, | | | | | | |  | | extremely | | | | | | |  | | gravelly silt | | | | | | |  | | loam, | | | | | | |  | | extremely | | | | | | |  | | channery silty| | | | | | |  | | clay loam | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | 
684

Table 16.--Engineering Index Properties--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________ | | | Classification | Fragments | Percentage pass Map symbol | Depth | USDA texture |___________________________|_____________| sieve number- and soil name | | | | | >10 | 3-10 |____________________ | | | Unified | AASHTO |inches|inches| 4 | 10 | 40 _________________|_______|_______________|_____________|_____________|______|______|______|______|______ | In | | | | Pct | Pct | | |  | | | | | | | | | MzE: | | | | | | | | |  Mertz-----------| 0-1 |Slightly |PT |A-8 | 1-25 | 1-25 | --- | --- | ---  | | decomposed | | | | | | |  | | plant material| | | | | | |  | 1-2 |Moderately |PT |A-8 | 1-24 | 1-24 | --- | --- | ---  | | decomposed | | | | | | |  | | plant material| | | | | | |  | 2-5 |Channery silt |ML, GM, CL-ML|A-4, A-6 | 0-3 | 5-10 |68-96 |29-96 |25-96  | | loam | | | | | | |  | 5-56 |Channery silt |CL, GM, ML, |A-4, A-6, A-7| 0 | 5-13 |67-96 |30-96 |24-96  | | loam, channery| GC | | | | | |  | | silty clay | | | | | | |  | | loam, very | | | | | | |  | | channery clay | | | | | | |  | | loam, | | | | | | |  | | extremely | | | | | | |  | | channery silty| | | | | | |  | | clay loam, | | | | | | |  | | very channery | | | | | | |  | | silty clay | | | | | | |  | | loam | | | | | | |  | 56-65 |Gravelly silt |GM, GC, CL, |A-6, A-7 | 0 | 4-31 |54-85 | 9-85 | 7-85  | | loam, very | ML | | | | | |  | | gravelly silty| | | | | | |  | | clay loam, | | | | | | |  | | extremely | | | | | | |  | | gravelly silt | | | | | | |  | | loam, | | | | | | |  | | extremely | | | | | | |  | | channery silty| | | | | | |  | | clay loam | | | | | | | No: | | | | | | | | |  Nolin-----------| 0-5 |Loam, silt loam|ML |A-4 | 0 | 0 | 100 |95-100|80-95  | 5-65 |Silt loam, |CL, CL-ML |A-4, A-6, A-7| 0 | 0 | 100 |95-100|85-10 | | silty clay | | | | | | |  | | loam | | | | | | | Ph: | | | | | | | | |  Philo-----------| 0-8 |Silt loam |ML, CL-ML |A-4 | 0-5 | 0-5 |95-100|80-100|75-90  | 8-38 |Silt loam, loam|SM, GM, CL- |A-4 | 0-5 | 0-5 |80-100|75-100|70-90  | | | ML, ML | | | | | |  | 38-65 |Stratified fine|GC, GM, SC, |A-2, A-4 | 0-5 | 0-10 |25-100|20-100|15-95  | | sand to sandy | SM | | | | | |  | | loam to silt | | | | | | |  | | loam, silt | | | | | | |  | | loam | | | | | | | 
685

Table 16.--Engineering Index Properties--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________ | | | Classification | Fragments | Percentage pass Map symbol | Depth | USDA texture |___________________________|_____________| sieve number- and soil name | | | | | >10 | 3-10 |____________________ | | | Unified | AASHTO |inches|inches| 4 | 10 | 40 _________________|_______|_______________|_____________|_____________|______|______|______|______|______ | In | | | | Pct | Pct | | |  | | | | | | | | | Po: | | | | | | | | |  Pope------------| 0-10 |Fine sandy loam|CL-ML, SC-SM,|A-2, A-4 | 0 | 0 |85-100|75-100|51-85  | | | SM, ML | | | | | |  | 10-40 |Fine sandy |SC-SM, ML, |A-2, A-4 | 0 | 0 |95-100|80-100|51-95  | | loam, loam, | CL-ML, SM | | | | | |  | | sandy loam | | | | | | |  | 40-65 |Gravelly sandy |GM, SM, ML, |A-1, A-2, A-4| 0 | 0-20 |45-100|35-100|30-95  | | loam, loamy | SC-SM | | | | | |  | | sand, | | | | | | |  | | stratified | | | | | | |  | | gravel to sand| | | | | | |  | | to silt | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | Pt: | | | | | | | | |  Potomac---------| 0-6 |Fine sandy loam|CL-ML, SC-SM,|A-2, A-4 | 0 | 0-10 |52-100| 5-100| 4-10 | | | ML, SM | | | | | |  | 6-65 |Extremely |GM, GW-GM |A-1 | 0 | 6-41 |44-59 | 4-38 | 3-35  | | gravelly sandy| | | | | | |  | | loam, | | | | | | |  | | extremely | | | | | | |  | | gravelly loamy| | | | | | |  | | sand, | | | | | | |  | | extremely | | | | | | |  | | gravelly sand,| | | | | | |  | | very gravelly | | | | | | |  | | loamy sand | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | PuA: | | | | | | | | |  Purdy-----------| 0-8 |Silt loam |ML |A-4, A-6, A-7| 0 | 0 |95-100|90-100|90-10 | 8-30 |Silty clay, |CH, CL, MH |A-6, A-7 | 0 | 0 |95-100|90-100|85-10 | | clay, clay | | | | | | |  | | loam, silty | | | | | | |  | | clay loam | | | | | | |  | 30-65 |Silty clay, |CH, CL, MH |A-6, A-7 | 0 | 0 |95-100|90-100|85-10 | | silty clay | | | | | | |  | | loam, clay | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | Qu: | | | | | | | | |  Quarry----------| 0-10 |Bedrock | | | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---  | | | | | | | | | 
686

Table 16.--Engineering Index Properties--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________ | | | Classification | Fragments | Percentage pass Map symbol | Depth | USDA texture |___________________________|_____________| sieve number- and soil name | | | | | >10 | 3-10 |____________________ | | | Unified | AASHTO |inches|inches| 4 | 10 | 40 _________________|_______|_______________|_____________|_____________|______|______|______|______|______ | In | | | | Pct | Pct | | |  | | | | | | | | | Se: | | | | | | | | |  Sensabaugh------| 0-6 |Loam |ML, CL, CL-ML|A-4 | 0 | 0-4 |85-100|69-100|53-96  | 6-25 |Gravelly loam, |GC, SC-SM, |A-4, A-6 | 0 | 0-5 |55-85 |10-78 | 7-75  | | gravelly silt | CL-ML, CL | | | | | |  | | loam | | | | | | |  | 25-33 |Very gravelly |SC-SM, GC-GM,|A-4, A-6 | 0 | 0-10 |54-85 | 7-78 | 5-78  | | loam, gravelly| GC, SC | | | | | |  | | clay loam, | | | | | | |  | | gravelly silty| | | | | | |  | | clay loam, | | | | | | |  | | gravelly sandy| | | | | | |  | | clay loam, | | | | | | |  | | gravelly silt | | | | | | |  | | loam, | | | | | | |  | | extremely | | | | | | |  | | gravelly loam | | | | | | |  | 33-65 |Extremely |GC, SC-SM, |A-2, A-4, A-6| 0 | 3-10 |52-95 | 5-80 | 3-80  | | gravelly loam,| GC-GM, SC | | | | | |  | | very gravelly | | | | | | |  | | clay loam, | | | | | | |  | | extremely | | | | | | |  | | gravelly sandy| | | | | | |  | | clay loam, | | | | | | |  | | extremely | | | | | | |  | | gravelly silt | | | | | | |  | | loam, gravelly| | | | | | |  | | clay loam | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | 
687

Table 16.--Engineering Index Properties--Continued

_______________________________________________________________________________________________________ | | | Classification | Fragments | Percentage pass Map symbol | Depth | USDA texture |___________________________|_____________| sieve number- and soil name | | | | | >10 | 3-10 |___________________ | | | Unified | AASHTO |inches|inches| 4 | 10 | 40 _________________|_______|_______________|_____________|_____________|______|______|______|______|_____ | In | | | | Pct | Pct | | |  | | | | | | | | | SfB: | | | | | | | | |  Shouns----------| 0-1 |Slightly |PT |A-8 | 0 | 0 | --- | --- | ---  | | decomposed | | | | | | |  | | plant material| | | | | | |  | 1-2 |Moderately |PT |A-8 | 0 | 0 | --- | --- | ---  | | decomposed | | | | | | |  | | plant material| | | | | | |  | 2-4 |Channery silt |CL, ML, CL-ML|A-4, A-6 | 0 | 0 |65-100|45-100|36-10 | | loam | | | | | | |  | 4-8 |Channery silt |CL-ML, CL |A-4, A-6 | 0 | 0 |55-100|15-100|12-10 | | loam | | | | | | |  | 8-54 |Very channery |CL |A-6, A-4 | 0 | 0 |55-100|16-100|10-10 | | silty clay | | | | | | |  | | loam, clay | | | | | | |  | | loam, silt | | | | | | |  | | loam, channery| | | | | | |  | | silty clay | | | | | | |  | | loam | | | | | | |  | 54-65 |Channery silty |CL, ML |A-6, A-7 | 0 |10-41 |47-100| 7-100| 7-10 | | clay loam, | | | | | | |  | | very channery | | | | | | |  | | clay loam | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | SfC: | | | | | | | | |  Shouns----------| 0-1 |Slightly |PT |A-8 | 0 | 0 | --- | --- | ---  | | decomposed | | | | | | |  | | plant material| | | | | | |  | 1-2 |Moderately |PT |A-8 | 0 | 0 | --- | --- | ---  | | decomposed | | | | | | |  | | plant material| | | | | | |  | 2-4 |Channery silt |ML, CL, CL-ML|A-4, A-6 | 0 | 0 |65-100|45-100|36-10 | | loam | | | | | | |  | 4-8 |Channery silt |CL-ML, CL |A-4, A-6 | 0 | 0 |55-100|15-100|12-10 | | loam | | | | | | |  | 8-54 |Very channery |CL |A-6, A-4 | 0 | 0 |55-100|16-100|10-10 | | silty clay | | | | | | |  | | loam, clay | | | | | | |  | | loam, silt | | | | | | |  | | loam, channery| | | | | | |  | | silty clay | | | | | | |  | | loam | | | | | | |  | 54-65 |Channery silty |CL, ML |A-6, A-7 | 0 |10-41 |47-100| 7-100| 7-10 | | clay loam, | | | | | | |  | | very channery | | | | | | |  | | clay loam | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | 
688

Table 16.--Engineering Index Properties--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________ | | | Classification | Fragments | Percentage pass Map symbol | Depth | USDA texture |___________________________|_____________| sieve number- and soil name | | | | | >10 | 3-10 |____________________ | | | Unified | AASHTO |inches|inches| 4 | 10 | 40 _________________|_______|_______________|_____________|_____________|______|______|______|______|______ | In | | | | Pct | Pct | | |  | | | | | | | | | ShC: | | | | | | | | |  Shouns----------| 0-1 |Slightly |PT |A-8 | 0 | 0 | --- | --- | ---  | | decomposed | | | | | | |  | | plant material| | | | | | |  | 1-2 |Moderately |PT |A-8 | 0 | 0 | --- | --- | ---  | | decomposed | | | | | | |  | | plant material| | | | | | |  | 2-4 |Channery silt |ML, CL, CL-ML|A-4, A-6 | 0 | 0 |65-100|45-100|36-10 | | loam | | | | | | |  | 4-8 |Channery silt |CL, CL-ML |A-4, A-6 | 0 | 0 |55-100|15-100|12-10 | | loam | | | | | | |  | 8-54 |Very channery |CL |A-6, A-4 | 0 | 0 |55-100|16-100|10-10 | | silty clay | | | | | | |  | | loam, clay | | | | | | |  | | loam, silt | | | | | | |  | | loam, channery| | | | | | |  | | silty clay | | | | | | |  | | loam | | | | | | |  | 54-65 |Channery silty |CL, ML |A-6, A-7 | 0 |10-41 |47-100| 7-100| 7-10 | | clay loam, | | | | | | |  | | very channery | | | | | | |  | | clay loam | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | ShE: | | | | | | | | |  Shouns----------| 0-1 |Slightly |PT |A-8 | 0 | 0 | --- | --- | ---  | | decomposed | | | | | | |  | | plant material| | | | | | |  | 1-2 |Moderately |PT |A-8 | 0 | 0 | --- | --- | ---  | | decomposed | | | | | | |  | | plant material| | | | | | |  | 2-4 |Channery silt |ML, CL-ML, CL|A-4, A-6 | 0 | 0 |65-100|45-100|36-10 | | loam | | | | | | |  | 4-8 |Channery silt |CL, CL-ML |A-4, A-6 | 0 | 0 |55-100|15-100|12-10 | | loam | | | | | | |  | 8-54 |Very channery |CL |A-6, A-4 | 0 | 0 |55-100|16-100|10-10 | | silty clay | | | | | | |  | | loam, clay | | | | | | |  | | loam, silt | | | | | | |  | | loam, channery| | | | | | |  | | silty clay | | | | | | |  | | loam | | | | | | |  | 54-65 |Channery silty |ML, CL |A-6, A-7 | 0 |10-41 |47-100| 7-100| 7-10 | | clay loam, | | | | | | |  | | very channery | | | | | | |  | | clay loam | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | 
689

Table 16.--Engineering Index Properties--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________ | | | Classification | Fragments | Percentage passi Map symbol | Depth | USDA texture |___________________________|_____________| sieve number--  and soil name | | | | | >10 | 3-10 |____________________ | | | Unified | AASHTO |inches|inches| 4 | 10 | 40 _________________|_______|_______________|_____________|_____________|______|______|______|______|______ | In | | | | Pct | Pct | | |  | | | | | | | | | ShF: | | | | | | | | |  Shouns----------| 0-1 |Slightly |PT |A-8 | 0 | 0 | --- | --- | ---  | | decomposed | | | | | | |  | | plant material| | | | | | |  | 1-2 |Moderately |PT |A-8 | 0 | 0 | --- | --- | ---  | | decomposed | | | | | | |  | | plant material| | | | | | |  | 2-4 |Channery silt |ML, CL-ML, CL|A-4, A-6 | 0 | 0 |65-100|45-100|36-100 | | loam | | | | | | |  | 4-8 |Channery silt |CL, CL-ML |A-4, A-6 | 0 | 0 |55-100|15-100|12-100 | | loam | | | | | | |  | 8-54 |Very channery |CL |A-6, A-4 | 0 | 0 |55-100|16-100|10-100 | | silty clay | | | | | | |  | | loam, clay | | | | | | |  | | loam, silt | | | | | | |  | | loam, channery| | | | | | |  | | silty clay | | | | | | |  | | loam | | | | | | |  | 54-65 |Channery silty |CL, ML |A-6, A-7 | 0 |10-41 |47-100| 7-100| 7-100 | | clay loam, | | | | | | |  | | very channery | | | | | | |  | | clay loam | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | 
690

Table 16.--Engineering Index Properties--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________ | | | Classification | Fragments | Percentage pass Map symbol | Depth | USDA texture |___________________________|_____________| sieve number- and soil name | | | | | >10 | 3-10 |____________________ | | | Unified | AASHTO |inches|inches| 4 | 10 | 40 _________________|_______|_______________|_____________|_____________|______|______|______|______|______ | In | | | | Pct | Pct | | |  | | | | | | | | | SmC: | | | | | | | | |  Simoda----------| 0-1 |Slightly |PT |A-8 | 1-25 | 1-25 | --- | --- | ---  | | decomposed | | | | | | |  | | plant material| | | | | | |  | 1-2 |Moderately |PT |A-8 | 1-24 | 1-24 | --- | --- | ---  | | decomposed | | | | | | |  | | plant material| | | | | | |  | 2-4 |Silt loam |GC-GM, CL-ML,|A-4 | 0-11 | 8-35 |56-90 |34-90 |27-90  | | | CL, GC | | | | | |  | 4-29 |Silt loam, |SC, ML, GC, |A-4, A-6 | 0 | 0-14 |73-100|42-100|27-10 | | channery loam,| CL | | | | | |  | | channery silty| | | | | | |  | | clay loam | | | | | | |  | 29-40 |Channery sandy |SC, ML, CL, |A-4, A-6 | 0 | 0-16 |61-100|15-100|12-10 | | loam, very | GC | | | | | |  | | channery silt | | | | | | |  | | loam, silty | | | | | | |  | | clay loam, | | | | | | |  | | extremely | | | | | | |  | | channery silt | | | | | | |  | | loam | | | | | | |  | 40-48 |Loam, very |CL, GC, ML, |A-4, A-6 | 0 | 0-21 |47-100| 5-100| 4-10 | | channery silt | SC | | | | | |  | | loam, channery| | | | | | |  | | silty clay | | | | | | |  | | loam, channery| | | | | | |  | | silt loam | | | | | | |  | >48 |Unweathered | | | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---  | | bedrock | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | 
691

Table 16.--Engineering Index Properties--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________ | | | Classification | Fragments | Percentage pass Map symbol | Depth | USDA texture |___________________________|_____________| sieve number- and soil name | | | | | >10 | 3-10 |____________________ | | | Unified | AASHTO |inches|inches| 4 | 10 | 40 _________________|_______|_______________|_____________|_____________|______|______|______|______|______ | In | | | | Pct | Pct | | |  | | | | | | | | | SoC: | | | | | | | | |  Snowdog---------| 0-1 |Slightly |PT |A-8 |25-43 |25-43 | --- | --- | ---  | | decomposed | | | | | | |  | | plant material| | | | | | |  | 1-2 |Moderately |PT |A-8 |24-42 |24-42 | --- | --- | ---  | | decomposed | | | | | | |  | | plant material| | | | | | |  | 2-4 |Silt loam |SC-SM, SC, |A-2, A-4 | 5-25 | 0-25 |60-95 |55-90 |45-90  | | | CL, CL-ML | | | | | |  | 4-18 |Silt loam, |ML, SM, SC, |A-2, A-4, A-6| 0-10 | 0-15 |60-95 |55-90 |45-90  | | channery silt | CL | | | | | |  | | loam, loam | | | | | | |  | 18-42 |Very channery |SM, ML, SC, |A-2, A-4, A-6| 0-15 |10-30 |45-80 |40-75 |25-75  | | sandy loam, | CL | | | | | |  | | very channery | | | | | | |  | | loam | | | | | | |  | 42-67 |Channery silt |SC, CL |A-2, A-4, A-6| 0-15 |10-30 |45-80 |40-75 |25-75  | | loam, very | | | | | | |  | | channery loam,| | | | | | |  | | very channery | | | | | | |  | | sandy loam | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | SoE: | | | | | | | | |  Snowdog---------| 0-1 |Slightly |PT |A-8 |25-43 |25-43 | --- | --- | ---  | | decomposed | | | | | | |  | | plant material| | | | | | |  | 1-2 |Moderately |PT |A-8 |24-42 |24-42 | --- | --- | ---  | | decomposed | | | | | | |  | | plant material| | | | | | |  | 2-4 |Silt loam |SC, CL, |A-2, A-4 | 5-25 | 0-25 |60-95 |55-90 |45-90  | | | CL-ML, SC-SM| | | | | |  | 4-18 |Silt loam, |SM, CL, SC, |A-2, A-4, A-6| 0-10 | 0-15 |60-95 |55-90 |45-90  | | channery silt | ML | | | | | |  | | loam, loam | | | | | | |  | 18-42 |Very channery |CL, ML, SC, |A-2, A-4, A-6| 0-15 |10-30 |45-80 |40-75 |25-75  | | sandy loam, | SM | | | | | |  | | very channery | | | | | | |  | | loam | | | | | | |  | 42-67 |Channery silt |CL, SC |A-2, A-4, A-6| 0-15 |10-30 |45-80 |40-75 |25-75  | | loam, very | | | | | | |  | | channery loam,| | | | | | |  | | very channery | | | | | | |  | | sandy loam | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | 
692

Table 16.--Engineering Index Properties--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________ | | | Classification | Fragments | Percentage pass Map symbol | Depth | USDA texture |___________________________|_____________| sieve number- and soil name | | | | | >10 | 3-10 |____________________ | | | Unified | AASHTO |inches|inches| 4 | 10 | 40 _________________|_______|_______________|_____________|_____________|______|______|______|______|______ | In | | | | Pct | Pct | | |  | | | | | | | | | SoF: | | | | | | | | |  Snowdog---------| 0-1 |Slightly |PT |A-8 |25-43 |25-43 | --- | --- | ---  | | decomposed | | | | | | |  | | plant material| | | | | | |  | 1-2 |Moderately |PT |A-8 |24-42 |24-42 | --- | --- | ---  | | decomposed | | | | | | |  | | plant material| | | | | | |  | 2-4 |Silt loam |CL, CL-ML, |A-2, A-4 | 5-25 | 0-25 |60-95 |55-90 |45-90  | | | SC-SM, SC | | | | | |  | 4-18 |Silt loam, |SM, SC, CL, |A-2, A-4, A-6| 0-10 | 0-15 |60-95 |55-90 |45-90  | | channery silt | ML | | | | | |  | | loam, loam | | | | | | |  | 18-42 |Very channery |SM, ML, CL, |A-2, A-4, A-6| 0-15 |10-30 |45-80 |40-75 |25-75  | | sandy loam, | SC | | | | | |  | | very channery | | | | | | |  | | loam | | | | | | |  | 42-67 |Channery silt |CL, SC |A-2, A-4, A-6| 0-15 |10-30 |45-80 |40-75 |25-75  | | loam, very | | | | | | |  | | channery loam,| | | | | | |  | | very channery | | | | | | |  | | sandy loam | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | 
693

Table 16.--Engineering Index Properties--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________ | | | Classification | Fragments | Percentage pass Map symbol | Depth | USDA texture |___________________________|_____________| sieve number- and soil name | | | | | >10 | 3-10 |____________________ | | | Unified | AASHTO |inches|inches| 4 | 10 | 40 _________________|_______|_______________|_____________|_____________|______|______|______|______|______ | In | | | | Pct | Pct | | |  | | | | | | | | | SvC: | | | | | | | | |  Summers---------| 0-1 |Slightly |PT |A-8 | 1-25 | 1-25 | --- | --- | ---  | | decomposed | | | | | | |  | | plant material| | | | | | |  | 1-2 |Moderately |PT |A-8 | 1-24 | 1-24 | --- | --- | ---  | | decomposed | | | | | | |  | | plant material| | | | | | |  | 2-3 |Highly |PT |A-8 | 1-23 | 1-23 | --- | --- | ---  | | decomposed | | | | | | |  | | plant material| | | | | | |  | 3-13 |Channery loam, |GM, ML, SM |A-2, A-4, A-6| 0 | 0-5 |60-85 |50-70 |40-65  | | very channery | | | | | | |  | | sandy loam | | | | | | |  | 13-28 |Channery loam, |SM, ML, GC, |A-2, A-4 | 0 | 5-30 |55-80 |55-70 |45-65  | | channery fine | GM | | | | | |  | | sandy loam, | | | | | | |  | | channery sandy| | | | | | |  | | loam, very | | | | | | |  | | channery sandy| | | | | | |  | | loam | | | | | | |  | 28-30 |Very channery |SM, GM |A-2, A-4, A-6| 0 |10-50 |45-60 |30-45 |20-45  | | loam, very | | | | | | |  | | channery fine | | | | | | |  | | sandy loam, | | | | | | |  | | very channery | | | | | | |  | | sandy loam, | | | | | | |  | | extremely | | | | | | |  | | channery sandy| | | | | | |  | | loam | | | | | | |  | >30 |Unweathered | | | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---  | | bedrock | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | Tp: | | | | | | | | |  Tioga-----------| 0-1 |Slightly |PT |A-8 | 0 | 0 | --- | --- | ---  | | decomposed | | | | | | |  | | plant material| | | | | | |  | 1-8 |Fine sandy loam|SM |A-4 | 0 | 0 | 100 |94-100|80-98  | 8-29 |Silt loam, |SM, ML, GM |A-1, A-2, A-4| 0 | 0 |66-100|29-100|25-98  | | loam, fine | | | | | | |  | | sandy loam | | | | | | |  | 29-65 |Silt loam, |GM, GW-GM, SM|A-1, A-2, | 0 | 0-6 |57-100|10-100| 9-97  | | gravelly loam,| | A-3, A-4 | | | | |  | | very gravelly | | | | | | |  | | loamy sand, | | | | | | |  | | fine sandy | | | | | | |  | | loam, loamy | | | | | | |  | | fine sand | | | | | | | 
694

Table 16.--Engineering Index Properties--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________ | | | Classification | Fragments | Percentage pass Map symbol | Depth | USDA texture |___________________________|_____________| sieve number- and soil name | | | | | >10 | 3-10 |____________________ | | | Unified | AASHTO |inches|inches| 4 | 10 | 40 _________________|_______|_______________|_____________|_____________|______|______|______|______|______ | In | | | | Pct | Pct | | |  | | | | | | | | | Tp: | | | | | | | | |  Potomac---------| 0-6 |Fine sandy loam|CL-ML, SC-SM,|A-2, A-4 | 0 | 0-10 |52-100| 5-100| 4-10 | | | SM, ML | | | | | |  | 6-65 |Extremely |GW-GM, GM |A-1 | 0 | 6-41 |44-59 | 4-38 | 3-35  | | gravelly sandy| | | | | | |  | | loam, | | | | | | |  | | extremely | | | | | | |  | | gravelly loamy| | | | | | |  | | sand, | | | | | | |  | | extremely | | | | | | |  | | gravelly sand,| | | | | | |  | | very gravelly | | | | | | |  | | loamy sand | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | TrC: | | | | | | | | |  Trussel---------| 0-2 |Moderately |PT |A-8 | 1-24 | 1-24 | --- | --- | ---  | | decomposed | | | | | | |  | | plant material| | | | | | |  | 2-8 |Silt loam |CL, SC, CL-ML|A-4 | 0 | 0-23 |78-100|53-100|44-10 | 8-20 |Channery silt |SC, ML, CL |A-4, A-6 | 0 | 0-8 |78-100|52-100|46-10 | | loam, channery| | | | | | |  | | loam, silty | | | | | | |  | | clay loam, | | | | | | |  | | silt loam | | | | | | |  | 20-37 |Channery silt |SC, ML, GC, |A-2, A-6 | 0 | 0-18 |58-93 |19-93 |16-86  | | loam, very | CL | | | | | |  | | channery loam,| | | | | | |  | | channery loam | | | | | | |  | 37-65 |Channery silt |GC, ML, SC, |A-2, A-6 | 0 | 0-19 |57-93 |18-93 |16-88  | | loam, very | CL | | | | | |  | | channery loam,| | | | | | |  | | channery loam | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | Uf: | | | | | | | | |  Udifluvents-----| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---  | | | | | | | | |  Fluvaquents-----| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---  | | | | | | | | | Ux: | | | | | | | | |  Udorthents------| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---  | | | | | | | | |  Rock outcrop----| 0-10 |Bedrock | | | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---  | | | | | | | | | 
695

Table 16.--Engineering Index Properties--Continued

_______________________________________________________________________________________________________ | | | Classification | Fragments | Percentage pass Map symbol | Depth | USDA texture |___________________________|_____________| sieve number- and soil name | | | | | >10 | 3-10 |___________________ | | | Unified | AASHTO |inches|inches| 4 | 10 | 40 _________________|_______|_______________|_____________|_____________|______|______|______|______|_____ | In | | | | Pct | Pct | | |  | | | | | | | | | WeC: | | | | | | | | |  Weikert---------| 0-1 |Slightly |PT |A-8 | 1-25 | 1-25 | --- | --- | ---  | | decomposed | | | | | | |  | | plant material| | | | | | |  | 1-7 |Very channery |GM, ML, SM |A-1, A-2, A-4| 0-3 | 8-31 |46-85 | 6-75 | 5-75  | | silt loam, | | | | | | |  | | loam, channery| | | | | | |  | | silt loam | | | | | | |  | 7-16 |Very channery |GM, GP-GM |A-1, A-2 | 0-3 |21-31 |47-82 | 7-64 | 6-64  | | silt loam, | | | | | | |  | | loam, | | | | | | |  | | extremely | | | | | | |  | | channery silt | | | | | | |  | | loam | | | | | | |  | >16 |Unweathered | | | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---  | | bedrock | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | WeD: | | | | | | | | |  Weikert---------| 0-1 |Slightly |PT |A-8 | 1-25 | 1-25 | --- | --- | ---  | | decomposed | | | | | | |  | | plant material| | | | | | |  | 1-7 |Very channery |SM, ML, GM |A-1, A-2, A-4| 0-3 | 8-31 |46-85 | 6-75 | 5-75  | | silt loam, | | | | | | |  | | loam, channery| | | | | | |  | | silt loam | | | | | | |  | 7-16 |Very channery |GP-GM, GM |A-1, A-2 | 0-3 |21-31 |47-82 | 7-64 | 6-64  | | silt loam, | | | | | | |  | | loam, | | | | | | |  | | extremely | | | | | | |  | | channery silt | | | | | | |  | | loam | | | | | | |  | >16 |Unweathered | | | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---  | | bedrock | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | 
696

Table 16.--Engineering Index Properties--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________ | | | Classification | Fragments | Percentage pass Map symbol | Depth | USDA texture |___________________________|_____________| sieve number- and soil name | | | | | >10 | 3-10 |____________________ | | | Unified | AASHTO |inches|inches| 4 | 10 | 40 _________________|_______|_______________|_____________|_____________|______|______|______|______|______ | In | | | | Pct | Pct | | |  | | | | | | | | | WeF: | | | | | | | | |  Weikert---------| 0-1 |Slightly |PT |A-8 | 1-25 | 1-25 | --- | --- | ---  | | decomposed | | | | | | |  | | plant material| | | | | | |  | 1-7 |Very channery |ML, GM, SM |A-1, A-2, A-4| 0-3 | 8-31 |46-85 | 6-75 | 5-75  | | silt loam, | | | | | | |  | | loam, channery| | | | | | |  | | silt loam | | | | | | |  | 7-16 |Very channery |GM, GP-GM |A-1, A-2 | 0-3 |21-31 |47-82 | 7-64 | 6-64  | | silt loam, | | | | | | |  | | loam, | | | | | | |  | | extremely | | | | | | |  | | channery silt | | | | | | |  | | loam | | | | | | |  | >16 |Unweathered | | | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---  | | bedrock | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | WrG: | | | | | | | | |  Weikert---------| 0-1 |Slightly |PT |A-8 | 1-25 | 1-25 | --- | --- | ---  | | decomposed | | | | | | |  | | plant material| | | | | | |  | 1-7 |Very channery |SM, ML, GM |A-1, A-2, A-4| 0-3 | 8-31 |46-85 | 6-75 | 5-75  | | silt loam, | | | | | | |  | | loam, channery| | | | | | |  | | silt loam | | | | | | |  | 7-16 |Very channery |GP-GM, GM |A-1, A-2 | 0-3 |21-31 |47-82 | 7-64 | 6-64  | | silt loam, | | | | | | |  | | loam, | | | | | | |  | | extremely | | | | | | |  | | channery silt | | | | | | |  | | loam | | | | | | |  | >16 |Unweathered | | | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---  | | bedrock | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | 
697

Table 16.--Engineering Index Properties--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________ | | | Classification | Fragments | Percentage pass Map symbol | Depth | USDA texture |___________________________|_____________| sieve number- and soil name | | | | | >10 | 3-10 |____________________ | | | Unified | AASHTO |inches|inches| 4 | 10 | 40 _________________|_______|_______________|_____________|_____________|______|______|______|______|______ | In | | | | Pct | Pct | | |  | | | | | | | | | WrG: | | | | | | | | |  Berks-----------| 0-1 |Slightly |PT |A-8 | 1-25 | 1-25 | --- | --- | ---  | | decomposed | | | | | | |  | | plant material| | | | | | |  | 1-3 |Channery silt |GM, ML |A-2, A-4 | 0 | 0-19 |55-95 |23-95 |19-95  | | loam, channery| | | | | | |  | | loam | | | | | | |  | 3-6 |Channery silt |SC, GM, ML, |A-2, A-4 | 0 | 0-18 |57-91 |26-91 |22-91  | | loam, channery| GC | | | | | |  | | loam | | | | | | |  | 6-12 |Channery loam, |GM, SC, SM, |A-1, A-2, A-4| 0 | 0-27 |50-86 |12-86 | 9-86  | | very channery | GC | | | | | |  | | loam, channery| | | | | | |  | | silt loam, | | | | | | |  | | very channery | | | | | | |  | | silt loam | | | | | | |  | 12-23 |Channery loam, |SM, GM, SC, |A-1, A-2, A-4| 0 | 0-35 |48-86 | 8-86 | 6-86  | | very channery | GC | | | | | |  | | loam, channery| | | | | | |  | | silt loam, | | | | | | |  | | very channery | | | | | | |  | | silt loam | | | | | | |  | 23-30 |Extremely |SM, GM, GC-GM|A-1, A-2 | 0 | 0-47 |43-79 | 8-79 | 7-79  | | channery silt | | | | | | |  | | loam, very | | | | | | |  | | channery loam,| | | | | | |  | | very channery | | | | | | |  | | silt loam | | | | | | |  | 30-33 |Weathered | | | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---  | | bedrock | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | |  Rough-----------| 0-2 |Very channery |SM, GM |A-1, A-2, A-4| 0-6 | 5-14 |52-78 |14-78 |11-78  | | silt loam | | | | | | |  | 2-4 |Extremely |GM, SM |A-1, A-2 | 0-6 | 5-12 |52-78 |14-78 |11-78  | | channery silt | | | | | | |  | | loam, | | | | | | |  | | extremely | | | | | | |  | | channery loam,| | | | | | |  | | very channery | | | | | | |  | | silt loam | | | | | | |  | 4-7 |Extremely |GM, SM |A-1, A-2 | 0-10 | 5-63 |39-71 | 6-71 | 5-71  | | channery silt | | | | | | |  | | loam, | | | | | | |  | | extremely | | | | | | |  | | channery loam | | | | | | |  | >7 |Unweathered | | | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---  | | bedrock | | | | | | | 
698

Table 16.--Engineering Index Properties--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________ | | | Classification | Fragments | Percentage passi Map symbol | Depth | USDA texture |___________________________|_____________| sieve number--  and soil name | | | | | >10 | 3-10 |____________________ | | | Unified | AASHTO |inches|inches| 4 | 10 | 40 _________________|_______|_______________|_____________|_____________|______|______|______|______|______ | In | | | | Pct | Pct | | |  | | | | | | | | | ZoA: | | | | | | | | |  Zoar------------| 0-9 |Silt loam |CL-ML, ML, CL|A-4, A-6 | 0 | 0 |94-100|88-100|71-100 | 9-43 |Silty clay, |ML, MH, CL, |A-6, A-7 | 0 | 0 |95-100|90-100|64-100 | | silty clay | CH | | | | | |  | | loam | | | | | | |  | 43-65 |Clay loam, |CH, CL, MH, |A-6, A-7 | 0 | 0 |58-100|28-100|22-100 | | silty clay | ML | | | | | |  | | loam, clay, | | | | | | |  | | channery silty| | | | | | |  | | clay, silty | | | | | | |  | | clay | | | | | | | _________________|_______|_______________|_____________|_____________|______|______|______|______|______
699

Table 17.--Physical Properties of the Soils

(Entries under "Erosion factors--T" apply to the entire profile. Entries under "Wind erodibility group" and "Wind 

 apply only to the surface layer. Absence of an entry indicates that data were not estimated.)_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ | | | | | | | | | |Erosion  Map symbol | | | | | Moist | Saturated |Available| Linear | Organic |________ and soil name | Depth | Sand | Silt | Clay | bulk | hydraulic | water |extensi- | matter | |  | | | | | density |conductivity|capacity | bility | | Kw | K______________________|_______|______|______|______|_________|____________|_________|_________|_________|_____|__ | In | Pct | Pct | Pct | g/cc | um/sec | In/in | Pct | Pct | |  | | | | | | | | | | | AlB: | | | | | | | | | | |  Allegheny------------| 0-1 | 0-0 | --- | --- |0.05-0.20|42.00-141.00|0.00-0.05| --- | 52-86 | --- | - | 1-2 | 23-52| --- | --- |0.10-0.20|42.00-141.00|0.00-0.10| --- | 48-74 | --- | - | 2-3 | 23-52| --- | --- |0.15-0.35|42.00-141.00|0.15-0.25| --- | 35-70 | --- | - | 3-10 | 23-52| 28-50| 7-27|1.20-1.40| 4.00-14.00 |0.12-0.22| 0.0-2.9 | 1.0-4.0 | .32 | . | 10-49 | 0-52| 28-88| 0-40|1.20-1.50| 4.00-14.00 |0.13-0.18| 0.0-2.9 | 0.4-0.8 | .28 | . | 49-65 | 0-52| 28-88| 0-40|1.20-1.40| 4.00-14.00 |0.08-0.17| 0.0-2.9 | 0.4-0.7 | .28 | . | | | | | | | | | | | AlC: | | | | | | | | | | |  Allegheny------------| 0-1 | 0-0 | --- | --- |0.05-0.20|42.00-141.00|0.00-0.05| --- | 52-86 | --- | - | 1-2 | 23-52| --- | --- |0.10-0.20|42.00-141.00|0.00-0.10| --- | 48-74 | --- | - | 2-3 | 23-52| --- | --- |0.15-0.35|42.00-141.00|0.15-0.25| --- | 35-70 | --- | - | 3-10 | 23-52| 28-50| 7-27|1.20-1.40| 4.00-14.00 |0.12-0.22| 0.0-2.9 | 1.0-4.0 | .32 | . | 10-49 | 0-52| 28-88| 0-40|1.20-1.50| 4.00-14.00 |0.13-0.18| 0.0-2.9 | 0.4-0.8 | .28 | . | 49-65 | 0-52| 28-88| 0-40|1.20-1.40| 4.00-14.00 |0.08-0.17| 0.0-2.9 | 0.4-0.7 | .28 | . | | | | | | | | | | | An: | | | | | | | | | | |  Atkins---------------| 0-4 | 0-50| 50-83| 18-27|0.80-1.40| 4.00-14.00 |0.14-0.22| 0.0-2.9 | 5.2-8.1 | .32 | . | 4-29 | --- | --- | 18-35|1.20-1.50| 0.42-14.00 |0.14-0.18| 0.0-2.9 | 1.9-3.3 | .32 | . | 29-65 | --- | --- | 10-35|1.20-1.50| 1.40-42.00 |0.08-0.18| 0.0-2.9 | 0.6-1.1 | .28 | . | | | | | | | | | | |  Philo----------------| 0-8 | 0-50| 50-88| 0-27|1.20-1.80| 4.00-14.00 |0.14-0.20| 0.0-2.9 | 2.0-4.0 | .37 | . | 8-38 | 0-52| 28-88| 0-27|1.20-1.80| 4.00-14.00 |0.10-0.20| 0.0-2.9 | 0.0-1.0 | .32 | . | 38-65 | 0- | 0-88| 0-27|1.20-2.00|42.00-141.00|0.03-0.06| 0.0-2.9 | 0.0-0.5 | .17 | . | |100 | | | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | | |  Potomac--------------| 0-6 | 43-85| 0-50| 0-20|1.20-1.40| 4.00-42.00 |0.10-0.14| 0.0-2.9 | 0.5-4.0 | .24 | . | 6-65 | 43- | 0-90| 0-20|1.30-1.60|42.00-141.00|0.03-0.06| 0.0-2.9 | 0.2-1.0 | .17 | . | |100 | | | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | | | BaE: | | | | | | | | | | |  Belmont--------------| 0-2 | 0-0 | --- | --- |0.04-0.10|42.00-141.00|0.55-0.65| --- | 80-90 | --- | - | 2-5 | 0-50| 50-88| 0-27|1.20-1.40| 4.00-42.00 |0.16-0.20| 0.0-2.9 | 6.1-10 | .32 | . | 5-8 | 0-50| 50-88| 0-27|1.20-1.40| 4.00-42.00 |0.16-0.20| 0.0-2.9 | 2.3-2.4 | .32 | . | 8-14 | 0-50| 50-83| 0-40|1.30-1.50| 4.00-14.00 |0.14-0.18| 3.0-5.9 | 0.6-1.0 | .32 | . | 14-25 | 0-50| 50-83| 0-40|1.30-1.50| 4.00-14.00 |0.14-0.18| 3.0-5.9 | 0.3-0.5 | .32 | . | 25-37 | 0-20| 40-73| 27-60|1.30-1.50| 4.00-14.00 |0.14-0.18| 3.0-5.9 | 0.1-0.2 | .32 | . | 37-53 | 0-80| 0-73| 20-60|1.30-1.50| 4.00-14.00 |0.12-0.16| 3.0-5.9 | 0.2-0.4 | .28 | . | >53 | --- | --- | --- | --- | 0.00-1.40 | --- | --- | --- | --- | - | | | | | | | | | | | 
700

Table 17.--Physical Properties of the Soils--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | | | | | | |Erosion  Map symbol | | | | | Moist | Saturated |Available| Linear | Organic |_______ and soil name | Depth | Sand | Silt | Clay | bulk | hydraulic | water |extensi- | matter | |  | | | | | density |conductivity|capacity | bility | | Kw | ______________________|_______|______|______|______|_________|____________|_________|_________|_________|_____|_ | In | Pct | Pct | Pct | g/cc | um/sec | In/in | Pct | Pct | |  | | | | | | | | | | | BcC: | | | | | | | | | | |  Berks----------------| 0-1 | 0-0 | --- | --- |0.02-0.20|42.00-141.00|0.55-0.65| --- | 30-50 | --- |  | 1-3 | --- | --- | 7-27|0.80-1.50| 4.00-42.00 |0.08-0.12| 0.0-2.9 | 2.0-16 | .17 |  | 3-6 | --- | --- | 7-27|0.90-1.50| 4.00-42.00 |0.08-0.12| 0.0-2.9 | 2.0-5.0 | .17 |  | 6-12 | --- | --- | 5-32|1.20-1.60| 4.00-42.00 |0.04-0.10| 0.0-2.9 | 0.2-2.0 | .17 |  | 12-23 | --- | --- | 5-32|1.20-1.60| 4.00-42.00 |0.04-0.10| 0.0-2.9 | 0.1-1.5 | .17 |  | 23-30 | --- | --- | 5-32|1.20-1.60|14.00-42.00 |0.04-0.10| 0.0-2.9 | 0.1-1.5 | .17 |  | 30-33 | --- | --- | --- | --- | 1.40-14.00 | --- | --- | --- | --- |  | | | | | | | | | | | BcE: | | | | | | | | | | |  Berks----------------| 0-1 | 0-0 | --- | --- |0.02-0.20|42.00-141.00|0.55-0.65| --- | 30-50 | --- |  | 1-3 | --- | --- | 7-27|0.80-1.50| 4.00-42.00 |0.08-0.12| 0.0-2.9 | 2.0-16 | .17 |  | 3-6 | --- | --- | 7-27|0.90-1.50| 4.00-42.00 |0.08-0.12| 0.0-2.9 | 2.0-5.0 | .17 |  | 6-12 | --- | --- | 5-32|1.20-1.60| 4.00-42.00 |0.04-0.10| 0.0-2.9 | 0.2-2.0 | .17 |  | 12-23 | --- | --- | 5-32|1.20-1.60| 4.00-42.00 |0.04-0.10| 0.0-2.9 | 0.1-1.5 | .17 |  | 23-30 | --- | --- | 5-32|1.20-1.60|14.00-42.00 |0.04-0.10| 0.0-2.9 | 0.1-1.5 | .17 |  | 30-33 | --- | --- | --- | --- | 1.40-14.00 | --- | --- | --- | --- |  | | | | | | | | | | | BcF: | | | | | | | | | | |  Berks----------------| 0-1 | 0-0 | --- | --- |0.02-0.20|42.00-141.00|0.55-0.65| --- | 30-50 | --- |  | 1-3 | --- | --- | 7-27|0.80-1.50| 4.00-42.00 |0.08-0.12| 0.0-2.9 | 2.0-16 | .17 |  | 3-6 | --- | --- | 7-27|0.90-1.50| 4.00-42.00 |0.08-0.12| 0.0-2.9 | 2.0-5.0 | .17 |  | 6-12 | --- | --- | 5-32|1.20-1.60| 4.00-42.00 |0.04-0.10| 0.0-2.9 | 0.2-2.0 | .17 |  | 12-23 | --- | --- | 5-32|1.20-1.60| 4.00-42.00 |0.04-0.10| 0.0-2.9 | 0.1-1.5 | .17 |  | 23-30 | --- | --- | 5-32|1.20-1.60|14.00-42.00 |0.04-0.10| 0.0-2.9 | 0.1-1.5 | .17 |  | 30-33 | --- | --- | --- | --- | 1.40-14.00 | --- | --- | --- | --- |  | | | | | | | | | | | BkG: | | | | | | | | | | |  Berks----------------| 0-1 | 0-0 | --- | --- |0.02-0.20|42.00-141.00|0.55-0.65| --- | 30-50 | --- |  | 1-3 | --- | --- | 7-27|0.80-1.50| 4.00-42.00 |0.08-0.12| 0.0-2.9 | 2.0-16 | .17 |  | 3-6 | --- | --- | 7-27|0.90-1.50| 4.00-42.00 |0.08-0.12| 0.0-2.9 | 2.0-5.0 | .17 |  | 6-12 | --- | --- | 5-32|1.20-1.60| 4.00-42.00 |0.04-0.10| 0.0-2.9 | 0.2-2.0 | .17 |  | 12-23 | --- | --- | 5-32|1.20-1.60| 4.00-42.00 |0.04-0.10| 0.0-2.9 | 0.1-1.5 | .17 |  | 23-30 | --- | --- | 5-32|1.20-1.60|14.00-42.00 |0.04-0.10| 0.0-2.9 | 0.1-1.5 | .17 |  | 30-33 | --- | --- | --- | --- | 1.40-14.00 | --- | --- | --- | --- |  | | | | | | | | | | |  Weikert--------------| 0-1 | 0-0 | --- | --- |0.05-0.20|42.00-141.00|0.00-0.03| --- | 52-86 | --- |  | 1-7 | 0-52| 28-88| 0-27|1.00-1.40|14.00-42.00 |0.08-0.14| 0.0-2.9 | 1.0-5.0 | .28 |  | 7-16 | 0-52| 28-88| 0-27|1.20-1.80|14.00-42.00 |0.04-0.08| 0.0-2.9 | 0.2-0.9 | .28 |  | >16 | --- | --- | --- | --- | 4.00-141.00| --- | --- | --- | --- |  | | | | | | | | | | |  Calvin---------------| 0-1 | 0-0 | --- | --- |0.05-0.20|42.00-141.00|0.00-0.03| --- | 52-86 | --- | 

 | 1-5 | 0-50| 50-88| 0-27|1.20-1.40|14.00-42.00 |0.10-0.18| 0.0-2.9 | 2.0-6.0 | .15 |  | 5-28 | 0-52| 28-88| 0-27|1.40-1.60|14.00-42.00 |0.08-0.16| 0.0-2.9 | 0.0-0.5 | .20 |  | 28-40 | 0-52| 28-88| 0-55|1.40-1.60|14.00-42.00 |0.06-0.10| 0.0-2.9 | 0.0-0.5 | .20 |  | 40-44 | --- | --- | --- | --- | 1.40-42.00 | --- | --- | --- | --- | 
701

Table 17.--Physical Properties of the Soils--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | | | | | | |Erosion  Map symbol | | | | | Moist | Saturated |Available| Linear | Organic |_______ and soil name | Depth | Sand | Silt | Clay | bulk | hydraulic | water |extensi- | matter | |  | | | | | density |conductivity|capacity | bility | | Kw | ______________________|_______|______|______|______|_________|____________|_________|_________|_________|_____|_ | In | Pct | Pct | Pct | g/cc | um/sec | In/in | Pct | Pct | |  | | | | | | | | | | | BlC: | | | | | | | | | | |  Berks----------------| 0-1 | 0-0 | --- | --- |0.02-0.20|42.00-141.00|0.55-0.65| --- | 30-50 | --- |  | 1-3 | --- | --- | 7-27|0.80-1.50| 4.00-42.00 |0.08-0.12| 0.0-2.9 | 2.0-16 | .17 |  | 3-6 | --- | --- | 7-27|0.90-1.50| 4.00-42.00 |0.08-0.12| 0.0-2.9 | 2.0-5.0 | .17 |  | 6-12 | --- | --- | 5-32|1.20-1.60| 4.00-42.00 |0.04-0.10| 0.0-2.9 | 0.2-2.0 | .17 |  | 12-23 | --- | --- | 5-32|1.20-1.60| 4.00-42.00 |0.04-0.10| 0.0-2.9 | 0.1-1.5 | .17 |  | 23-30 | --- | --- | 5-32|1.20-1.60|14.00-42.00 |0.04-0.10| 0.0-2.9 | 0.1-1.5 | .17 |  | 30-33 | --- | --- | --- | --- | 1.40-14.00 | --- | --- | --- | --- |  | | | | | | | | | | |  Dekalb---------------| 0-1 | 0-0 | --- | --- |0.05-0.20|42.00-141.00|0.00-0.03| --- | 30-50 | --- |  | 1-2 | 43-85| 0-50| 0-20|1.20-1.50|42.00-141.00|0.08-0.12| 0.0-2.9 | 2.0-10 | .17 |  | 2-4 | 43-85| 0-50| 0-20|1.20-1.50|42.00-141.00|0.08-0.12| 0.0-2.9 | 2.0-10 | .17 |  | 4-8 | 23-52| 28-50| 7-27|1.20-1.50|42.00-141.00|0.08-0.12| 0.0-2.9 | 2.0-10 | .17 |  | 8-15 | 23-52| 28-50| 7-27|1.20-1.50|42.00-141.00|0.06-0.12| 0.0-2.9 | 0.7-2.0 | .17 |  | 15-23 | 43-85| 0-50| 0-20|1.20-1.50|42.00-141.00|0.06-0.12| 0.0-2.9 | 0.7-2.0 | .17 |  | 23-34 | 43-85| 0-50| 0-20|1.20-1.50|42.00-141.00|0.05-0.10| 0.0-2.9 | 0.2-0.9 | .17 |  | >34 | --- | --- | --- | --- |14.00-42.00 | --- | --- | --- | --- |  | | | | | | | | | | | BlE: | | | | | | | | | | |  Berks----------------| 0-1 | 0-0 | --- | --- |0.02-0.20|42.00-141.00|0.55-0.65| --- | 30-50 | --- |  | 1-3 | --- | --- | 7-27|0.80-1.50| 4.00-42.00 |0.08-0.12| 0.0-2.9 | 2.0-16 | .17 |  | 3-6 | --- | --- | 7-27|0.90-1.50| 4.00-42.00 |0.08-0.12| 0.0-2.9 | 2.0-5.0 | .17 |  | 6-12 | --- | --- | 5-32|1.20-1.60| 4.00-42.00 |0.04-0.10| 0.0-2.9 | 0.2-2.0 | .17 |  | 12-23 | --- | --- | 5-32|1.20-1.60| 4.00-42.00 |0.04-0.10| 0.0-2.9 | 0.1-1.5 | .17 |  | 23-30 | --- | --- | 5-32|1.20-1.60|14.00-42.00 |0.04-0.10| 0.0-2.9 | 0.1-1.5 | .17 |  | 30-33 | --- | --- | --- | --- | 1.40-14.00 | --- | --- | --- | --- |  | | | | | | | | | | |  Dekalb---------------| 0-1 | 0-0 | --- | --- |0.05-0.20|42.00-141.00|0.00-0.03| --- | 30-50 | --- |  | 1-2 | 43-85| 0-50| 0-20|1.20-1.50|42.00-141.00|0.08-0.12| 0.0-2.9 | 2.0-10 | .17 |  | 2-4 | 43-85| 0-50| 0-20|1.20-1.50|42.00-141.00|0.08-0.12| 0.0-2.9 | 2.0-10 | .17 |  | 4-8 | 23-52| 28-50| 7-27|1.20-1.50|42.00-141.00|0.08-0.12| 0.0-2.9 | 2.0-10 | .17 |  | 8-15 | 23-52| 28-50| 7-27|1.20-1.50|42.00-141.00|0.06-0.12| 0.0-2.9 | 0.7-2.0 | .17 |  | 15-23 | 43-85| 0-50| 0-20|1.20-1.50|42.00-141.00|0.06-0.12| 0.0-2.9 | 0.7-2.0 | .17 |  | 23-34 | 43-85| 0-50| 0-20|1.20-1.50|42.00-141.00|0.05-0.10| 0.0-2.9 | 0.2-0.9 | .17 |  | >34 | --- | --- | --- | --- |14.00-42.00 | --- | --- | --- | --- |  | | | | | | | | | | | BlF: | | | | | | | | | | |  Berks----------------| 0-1 | 0-0 | --- | --- |0.02-0.20|42.00-141.00|0.55-0.65| --- | 30-50 | --- |  | 1-3 | --- | --- | 7-27|0.80-1.50| 4.00-42.00 |0.08-0.12| 0.0-2.9 | 2.0-16 | .17 |  | 3-6 | --- | --- | 7-27|0.90-1.50| 4.00-42.00 |0.08-0.12| 0.0-2.9 | 2.0-5.0 | .17 |  | 6-12 | --- | --- | 5-32|1.20-1.60| 4.00-42.00 |0.04-0.10| 0.0-2.9 | 0.2-2.0 | .17 |  | 12-23 | --- | --- | 5-32|1.20-1.60| 4.00-42.00 |0.04-0.10| 0.0-2.9 | 0.1-1.5 | .17 | 

 | 23-30 | --- | --- | 5-32|1.20-1.60|14.00-42.00 |0.04-0.10| 0.0-2.9 | 0.1-1.5 | .17 |  | 30-33 | --- | --- | --- | --- | 1.40-14.00 | --- | --- | --- | --- |  | | | | | | | | | | | 
702

Table 17.--Physical Properties of the Soils--Continued

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 | | | | | | | | | |Erosion  Map symbol | | | | | Moist | Saturated |Available| Linear | Organic |_______ and soil name | Depth | Sand | Silt | Clay | bulk | hydraulic | water |extensi- | matter | |  | | | | | density |conductivity|capacity | bility | | Kw | ______________________|_______|______|______|______|_________|____________|_________|_________|_________|_____|_ | In | Pct | Pct | Pct | g/cc | um/sec | In/in | Pct | Pct | |  | | | | | | | | | | | BlF: | | | | | | | | | | |  Dekalb---------------| 0-1 | 0-0 | --- | --- |0.05-0.20|42.00-141.00|0.00-0.03| --- | 30-50 | --- |  | 1-2 | 43-85| 0-50| 0-20|1.20-1.50|42.00-141.00|0.08-0.12| 0.0-2.9 | 2.0-10 | .17 |  | 2-4 | 43-85| 0-50| 0-20|1.20-1.50|42.00-141.00|0.08-0.12| 0.0-2.9 | 2.0-10 | .17 |  | 4-8 | 23-52| 28-50| 7-27|1.20-1.50|42.00-141.00|0.08-0.12| 0.0-2.9 | 2.0-10 | .17 |  | 8-15 | 23-52| 28-50| 7-27|1.20-1.50|42.00-141.00|0.06-0.12| 0.0-2.9 | 0.7-2.0 | .17 |  | 15-23 | 43-85| 0-50| 0-20|1.20-1.50|42.00-141.00|0.06-0.12| 0.0-2.9 | 0.7-2.0 | .17 |  | 23-34 | 43-85| 0-50| 0-20|1.20-1.50|42.00-141.00|0.05-0.10| 0.0-2.9 | 0.2-0.9 | .17 |  | >34 | --- | --- | --- | --- |14.00-42.00 | --- | --- | --- | --- |  | | | | | | | | | | | BrE: | | | | | | | | | | |  Berks----------------| 0-1 | 0-0 | --- | --- |0.02-0.20|42.00-141.00|0.55-0.65| --- | 30-50 | --- |  | 1-3 | --- | --- | 7-27|0.80-1.50| 4.00-42.00 |0.08-0.12| 0.0-2.9 | 2.0-16 | .17 |  | 3-6 | --- | --- | 7-27|0.90-1.50| 4.00-42.00 |0.08-0.12| 0.0-2.9 | 2.0-5.0 | .17 |  | 6-12 | --- | --- | 5-32|1.20-1.60| 4.00-42.00 |0.04-0.10| 0.0-2.9 | 0.2-2.0 | .17 |  | 12-23 | --- | --- | 5-32|1.20-1.60| 4.00-42.00 |0.04-0.10| 0.0-2.9 | 0.1-1.5 | .17 |  | 23-30 | --- | --- | 5-32|1.20-1.60|14.00-42.00 |0.04-0.10| 0.0-2.9 | 0.1-1.5 | .17 |  | 30-33 | --- | --- | --- | --- | 1.40-14.00 | --- | --- | --- | --- |  | | | | | | | | | | |  Weikert--------------| 0-1 | 0-0 | --- | --- |0.05-0.20|42.00-141.00|0.00-0.03| --- | 52-86 | --- |  | 1-7 | 0-52| 28-88| 0-27|1.00-1.40|14.00-42.00 |0.08-0.14| 0.0-2.9 | 1.0-5.0 | .28 |  | 7-16 | 0-52| 28-88| 0-27|1.20-1.80|14.00-42.00 |0.04-0.08| 0.0-2.9 | 0.2-0.9 | .28 |  | >16 | --- | --- | --- | --- | 4.00-141.00| --- | --- | --- | --- |  | | | | | | | | | | | BrF: | | | | | | | | | | |  Berks----------------| 0-1 | 0-0 | --- | --- |0.02-0.20|42.00-141.00|0.55-0.65| --- | 30-50 | --- |  | 1-3 | --- | --- | 7-27|0.80-1.50| 4.00-42.00 |0.08-0.12| 0.0-2.9 | 2.0-16 | .17 |  | 3-6 | --- | --- | 7-27|0.90-1.50| 4.00-42.00 |0.08-0.12| 0.0-2.9 | 2.0-5.0 | .17 |  | 6-12 | --- | --- | 5-32|1.20-1.60| 4.00-42.00 |0.04-0.10| 0.0-2.9 | 0.2-2.0 | .17 |  | 12-23 | --- | --- | 5-32|1.20-1.60| 4.00-42.00 |0.04-0.10| 0.0-2.9 | 0.1-1.5 | .17 |  | 23-30 | --- | --- | 5-32|1.20-1.60|14.00-42.00 |0.04-0.10| 0.0-2.9 | 0.1-1.5 | .17 |  | 30-33 | --- | --- | --- | --- | 1.40-14.00 | --- | --- | --- | --- |  | | | | | | | | | | |  Weikert--------------| 0-1 | 0-0 | --- | --- |0.05-0.20|42.00-141.00|0.00-0.03| --- | 52-86 | --- |  | 1-7 | 0-52| 28-88| 0-27|1.00-1.40|14.00-42.00 |0.08-0.14| 0.0-2.9 | 1.0-5.0 | .28 |  | 7-16 | 0-52| 28-88| 0-27|1.20-1.80|14.00-42.00 |0.04-0.08| 0.0-2.9 | 0.2-0.9 | .28 |  | >16 | --- | --- | --- | --- | 4.00-141.00| --- | --- | --- | --- |  | | | | | | | | | | | BtC: | | | | | | | | | | |  Blackthorn-----------| 0-1 | 0-0 | --- | --- |0.05-0.20|42.00-141.00|0.00-0.03| --- | 52-86 | --- |  | 1-6 | 23-52| 28-50| 7-27|1.20-1.40| 4.00-42.00 |0.10-0.15| 0.0-2.9 | 2.0-5.0 | .20 |  | 6-44 | 23-80| 0-55| 7-40|1.20-1.50| 4.00-42.00 |0.08-0.12| 0.0-2.9 | 0.5-1.0 | .20 | 

 | 44-65 | 0-20| 40-73| 27-60|1.30-1.60| 1.40-14.00 |0.14-0.18| 3.0-5.9 | 0.1-0.5 | .28 |  | | | | | | | | | | | 
703

Table 17.--Physical Properties of the Soils--Continued

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 | | | | | | | | | |Erosion  Map symbol | | | | | Moist | Saturated |Available| Linear | Organic |_______ and soil name | Depth | Sand | Silt | Clay | bulk | hydraulic | water |extensi- | matter | |  | | | | | density |conductivity|capacity | bility | | Kw | ______________________|_______|______|______|______|_________|____________|_________|_________|_________|_____|_ | In | Pct | Pct | Pct | g/cc | um/sec | In/in | Pct | Pct | |  | | | | | | | | | | | BtE: | | | | | | | | | | |  Blackthorn-----------| 0-1 | 0-0 | --- | --- |0.05-0.20|42.00-141.00|0.00-0.03| --- | 52-86 | --- |  | 1-6 | 23-52| 28-50| 7-27|1.20-1.40| 4.00-42.00 |0.10-0.15| 0.0-2.9 | 2.0-5.0 | .20 |  | 6-44 | 23-80| 0-55| 7-40|1.20-1.50| 4.00-42.00 |0.08-0.12| 0.0-2.9 | 0.5-1.0 | .20 |  | 44-65 | 0-20| 40-73| 27-60|1.30-1.60| 1.40-14.00 |0.14-0.18| 3.0-5.9 | 0.1-0.5 | .28 |  | | | | | | | | | | | BxF: | | | | | | | | | | |  Briery---------------| 0-2 | --- | --- | 18-27|1.35-1.65| 4.00-42.00 |0.07-0.16| 0.0-2.9 | 0.0-3.0 | .32 |  | 2-65 | --- | --- | 18-32|1.35-1.65| 4.00-42.00 |0.07-0.16| 0.0-2.9 | 0.0-0.5 | .32 |  | | | | | | | | | | |  Rock outcrop---------| 0-10 | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |  | | | | | | | | | | | CbC: | | | | | | | | | | |  Calvin---------------| 0-1 | 0-0 | --- | --- |0.05-0.20|42.00-141.00|0.00-0.03| --- | 52-86 | --- |  | 1-5 | 0-50| 50-88| 0-27|1.20-1.40|14.00-42.00 |0.10-0.18| 0.0-2.9 | 2.0-6.0 | .15 |  | 5-28 | 0-52| 28-88| 0-27|1.40-1.60|14.00-42.00 |0.08-0.16| 0.0-2.9 | 0.0-0.5 | .20 |  | 28-40 | 0-52| 28-88| 0-55|1.40-1.60|14.00-42.00 |0.06-0.10| 0.0-2.9 | 0.0-0.5 | .20 |  | 40-44 | --- | --- | --- | --- | 1.40-42.00 | --- | --- | --- | --- |  | | | | | | | | | | |  Dekalb---------------| 0-1 | 0-0 | --- | --- |0.05-0.20|42.00-141.00|0.00-0.03| --- | 30-50 | --- |  | 1-2 | 43-85| 0-50| 0-20|1.20-1.50|42.00-141.00|0.08-0.12| 0.0-2.9 | 2.0-10 | .17 |  | 2-4 | 43-85| 0-50| 0-20|1.20-1.50|42.00-141.00|0.08-0.12| 0.0-2.9 | 2.0-10 | .17 |  | 4-8 | 23-52| 28-50| 7-27|1.20-1.50|42.00-141.00|0.08-0.12| 0.0-2.9 | 2.0-10 | .17 |  | 8-15 | 23-52| 28-50| 7-27|1.20-1.50|42.00-141.00|0.06-0.12| 0.0-2.9 | 0.7-2.0 | .17 |  | 15-23 | 43-85| 0-50| 0-20|1.20-1.50|42.00-141.00|0.06-0.12| 0.0-2.9 | 0.7-2.0 | .17 |  | 23-34 | 43-85| 0-50| 0-20|1.20-1.50|42.00-141.00|0.05-0.10| 0.0-2.9 | 0.2-0.9 | .17 |  | >34 | --- | --- | --- | --- |14.00-42.00 | --- | --- | --- | --- |  | | | | | | | | | | |  Berks----------------| 0-1 | 0-0 | --- | --- |0.02-0.20|42.00-141.00|0.55-0.65| --- | 30-50 | --- |  | 1-3 | --- | --- | 7-27|0.80-1.50| 4.00-42.00 |0.08-0.12| 0.0-2.9 | 2.0-16 | .17 |  | 3-6 | --- | --- | 7-27|0.90-1.50| 4.00-42.00 |0.08-0.12| 0.0-2.9 | 2.0-5.0 | .17 |  | 6-12 | --- | --- | 5-32|1.20-1.60| 4.00-42.00 |0.04-0.10| 0.0-2.9 | 0.2-2.0 | .17 |  | 12-23 | --- | --- | 5-32|1.20-1.60| 4.00-42.00 |0.04-0.10| 0.0-2.9 | 0.1-1.5 | .17 |  | 23-30 | --- | --- | 5-32|1.20-1.60|14.00-42.00 |0.04-0.10| 0.0-2.9 | 0.1-1.5 | .17 |  | 30-33 | --- | --- | --- | --- | 1.40-14.00 | --- | --- | --- | --- |  | | | | | | | | | | | CbE: | | | | | | | | | | |  Calvin---------------| 0-1 | 0-0 | --- | --- |0.05-0.20|42.00-141.00|0.00-0.03| --- | 52-86 | --- |  | 1-5 | 0-50| 50-88| 0-27|1.20-1.40|14.00-42.00 |0.10-0.18| 0.0-2.9 | 2.0-6.0 | .15 |  | 5-28 | 0-52| 28-88| 0-27|1.40-1.60|14.00-42.00 |0.08-0.16| 0.0-2.9 | 0.0-0.5 | .20 |  | 28-40 | 0-52| 28-88| 0-55|1.40-1.60|14.00-42.00 |0.06-0.10| 0.0-2.9 | 0.0-0.5 | .20 |  | 40-44 | --- | --- | --- | --- | 1.40-42.00 | --- | --- | --- | --- | 

 | | | | | | | | | | | 
704

Table 17.--Physical Properties of the Soils--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | | | | | | |Erosion  Map symbol | | | | | Moist | Saturated |Available| Linear | Organic |_______ and soil name | Depth | Sand | Silt | Clay | bulk | hydraulic | water |extensi- | matter | |  | | | | | density |conductivity|capacity | bility | | Kw | ______________________|_______|______|______|______|_________|____________|_________|_________|_________|_____|_ | In | Pct | Pct | Pct | g/cc | um/sec | In/in | Pct | Pct | |  | | | | | | | | | | | CbE: | | | | | | | | | | |  Dekalb---------------| 0-1 | 0-0 | --- | --- |0.05-0.20|42.00-141.00|0.00-0.03| --- | 30-50 | --- |  | 1-2 | 43-85| 0-50| 0-20|1.20-1.50|42.00-141.00|0.08-0.12| 0.0-2.9 | 2.0-10 | .17 |  | 2-4 | 43-85| 0-50| 0-20|1.20-1.50|42.00-141.00|0.08-0.12| 0.0-2.9 | 2.0-10 | .17 |  | 4-8 | 23-52| 28-50| 7-27|1.20-1.50|42.00-141.00|0.08-0.12| 0.0-2.9 | 2.0-10 | .17 |  | 8-15 | 23-52| 28-50| 7-27|1.20-1.50|42.00-141.00|0.06-0.12| 0.0-2.9 | 0.7-2.0 | .17 |  | 15-23 | 43-85| 0-50| 0-20|1.20-1.50|42.00-141.00|0.06-0.12| 0.0-2.9 | 0.7-2.0 | .17 |  | 23-34 | 43-85| 0-50| 0-20|1.20-1.50|42.00-141.00|0.05-0.10| 0.0-2.9 | 0.2-0.9 | .17 |  | >34 | --- | --- | --- | --- |14.00-42.00 | --- | --- | --- | --- |  | | | | | | | | | | |  Berks----------------| 0-1 | 0-0 | --- | --- |0.02-0.20|42.00-141.00|0.55-0.65| --- | 30-50 | --- |  | 1-3 | --- | --- | 7-27|0.80-1.50| 4.00-42.00 |0.08-0.12| 0.0-2.9 | 2.0-16 | .17 |  | 3-6 | --- | --- | 7-27|0.90-1.50| 4.00-42.00 |0.08-0.12| 0.0-2.9 | 2.0-5.0 | .17 |  | 6-12 | --- | --- | 5-32|1.20-1.60| 4.00-42.00 |0.04-0.10| 0.0-2.9 | 0.2-2.0 | .17 |  | 12-23 | --- | --- | 5-32|1.20-1.60| 4.00-42.00 |0.04-0.10| 0.0-2.9 | 0.1-1.5 | .17 |  | 23-30 | --- | --- | 5-32|1.20-1.60|14.00-42.00 |0.04-0.10| 0.0-2.9 | 0.1-1.5 | .17 |  | 30-33 | --- | --- | --- | --- | 1.40-14.00 | --- | --- | --- | --- |  | | | | | | | | | | | CbF: | | | | | | | | | | |  Calvin---------------| 0-1 | 0-0 | --- | --- |0.05-0.20|42.00-141.00|0.00-0.03| --- | 52-86 | --- |  | 1-5 | 0-50| 50-88| 0-27|1.20-1.40|14.00-42.00 |0.10-0.18| 0.0-2.9 | 2.0-6.0 | .15 |  | 5-28 | 0-52| 28-88| 0-27|1.40-1.60|14.00-42.00 |0.08-0.16| 0.0-2.9 | 0.0-0.5 | .20 |  | 28-40 | 0-52| 28-88| 0-55|1.40-1.60|14.00-42.00 |0.06-0.10| 0.0-2.9 | 0.0-0.5 | .20 |  | 40-44 | --- | --- | --- | --- | 1.40-42.00 | --- | --- | --- | --- |  | | | | | | | | | | |  Dekalb---------------| 0-1 | 0-0 | --- | --- |0.05-0.20|42.00-141.00|0.00-0.03| --- | 30-50 | --- |  | 1-2 | 43-85| 0-50| 0-20|1.20-1.50|42.00-141.00|0.08-0.12| 0.0-2.9 | 2.0-10 | .17 |  | 2-4 | 43-85| 0-50| 0-20|1.20-1.50|42.00-141.00|0.08-0.12| 0.0-2.9 | 2.0-10 | .17 |  | 4-8 | 23-52| 28-50| 7-27|1.20-1.50|42.00-141.00|0.08-0.12| 0.0-2.9 | 2.0-10 | .17 |  | 8-15 | 23-52| 28-50| 7-27|1.20-1.50|42.00-141.00|0.06-0.12| 0.0-2.9 | 0.7-2.0 | .17 |  | 15-23 | 43-85| 0-50| 0-20|1.20-1.50|42.00-141.00|0.06-0.12| 0.0-2.9 | 0.7-2.0 | .17 |  | 23-34 | 43-85| 0-50| 0-20|1.20-1.50|42.00-141.00|0.05-0.10| 0.0-2.9 | 0.2-0.9 | .17 |  | >34 | --- | --- | --- | --- |14.00-42.00 | --- | --- | --- | --- |  | | | | | | | | | | |  Berks----------------| 0-1 | 0-0 | --- | --- |0.02-0.20|42.00-141.00|0.55-0.65| --- | 30-50 | --- |  | 1-3 | --- | --- | 7-27|0.80-1.50| 4.00-42.00 |0.08-0.12| 0.0-2.9 | 2.0-16 | .17 |  | 3-6 | --- | --- | 7-27|0.90-1.50| 4.00-42.00 |0.08-0.12| 0.0-2.9 | 2.0-5.0 | .17 |  | 6-12 | --- | --- | 5-32|1.20-1.60| 4.00-42.00 |0.04-0.10| 0.0-2.9 | 0.2-2.0 | .17 |  | 12-23 | --- | --- | 5-32|1.20-1.60| 4.00-42.00 |0.04-0.10| 0.0-2.9 | 0.1-1.5 | .17 |  | 23-30 | --- | --- | 5-32|1.20-1.60|14.00-42.00 |0.04-0.10| 0.0-2.9 | 0.1-1.5 | .17 |  | 30-33 | --- | --- | --- | --- | 1.40-14.00 | --- | --- | --- | --- |  | | | | | | | | | | | 
705

Table 17.--Physical Properties of the Soils--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | | | | | | |Erosion  Map symbol | | | | | Moist | Saturated |Available| Linear | Organic |_______ and soil name | Depth | Sand | Silt | Clay | bulk | hydraulic | water |extensi- | matter | |  | | | | | density |conductivity|capacity | bility | | Kw | ______________________|_______|______|______|______|_________|____________|_________|_________|_________|_____|_ | In | Pct | Pct | Pct | g/cc | um/sec | In/in | Pct | Pct | |  | | | | | | | | | | | CeF: | | | | | | | | | | |  Caneyville-----------| 0-3 | 0-50| 50-83| 10-27|1.20-1.40| 4.23-14.11 |0.17-0.22| 0.0-2.9 | 2.0-4.0 | .43 |  | 3-10 | 0-45| 0-73| 25-60|1.35-1.60| 1.41-4.23 |0.12-0.18| 3.0-5.9 | 0.0-0.2 | .28 |  | 10-24 | 0-45| 0-60| 40- |1.35-1.60| 1.41-4.23 |0.12-0.18| 3.0-5.9 | 0.0-0.2 | .28 |  | | | |100 | | | | | | |  | >24 | --- | --- | --- | --- | 0.42-14.11 | --- | --- | --- | --- |  | | | | | | | | | | |  Frederick------------| 0-8 | 0-50| 50-83| 0-27|1.25-1.50|14.00-42.00 |0.12-0.20| 0.0-2.9 | 1.0-4.0 | .28 |  | 8-29 | 0-20| 0-73| 27-40|1.20-1.50| 4.00-14.00 |0.10-0.18| 3.0-5.9 | 0.4-1.0 | .24 |  | 29-80 | 0-45| 0-40| 40-80|1.20-1.50| 4.00-14.00 |0.10-0.18| 6.0-8.9 | 0.1-0.5 | .24 |  | | | | | | | | | | |  Rock outcrop---------| 0-10 | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |  | | | | | | | | | | | CfB: | | | | | | | | | | |  Cateache-------------| 0-1 | 0-0 | --- | --- |0.05-0.20|42.00-141.00|0.00-0.03| --- | 52-86 | --- |  | 1-5 | 0-52| 28-88| 0-27|1.20-1.40| 4.00-14.00 |0.14-0.18| 0.0-2.9 | 12-25 | .28 |  | 5-29 | 0-50| 40-88| 0-40|1.30-1.60| 4.00-14.00 |0.12-0.16| 3.0-5.9 | 1.0-3.0 | .28 |  | 29-36 | 0-50| 40-88| 0-40|1.30-1.60| 4.00-14.00 |0.08-0.12| 0.0-2.9 | 0.6-1.1 | .28 |  | 36-37 | --- | --- | --- | --- | 0.00-1.40 | --- | --- | --- | --- |  | | | | | | | | | | | CfC: | | | | | | | | | | |  Cateache-------------| 0-1 | 0-0 | --- | --- |0.05-0.20|42.00-141.00|0.00-0.03| --- | 52-86 | --- |  | 1-5 | 0-52| 28-88| 0-27|1.20-1.40| 4.00-14.00 |0.14-0.18| 0.0-2.9 | 12-25 | .28 |  | 5-29 | 0-50| 40-88| 0-40|1.30-1.60| 4.00-14.00 |0.12-0.16| 3.0-5.9 | 1.0-3.0 | .28 |  | 29-36 | 0-50| 40-88| 0-40|1.30-1.60| 4.00-14.00 |0.08-0.12| 0.0-2.9 | 0.6-1.1 | .28 |  | 36-37 | --- | --- | --- | --- | 0.00-1.40 | --- | --- | --- | --- |  | | | | | | | | | | | CfD: | | | | | | | | | | |  Cateache-------------| 0-1 | 0-0 | --- | --- |0.05-0.20|42.00-141.00|0.00-0.03| --- | 52-86 | --- |  | 1-5 | 0-52| 28-88| 0-27|1.20-1.40| 4.00-14.00 |0.14-0.18| 0.0-2.9 | 12-25 | .28 |  | 5-29 | 0-50| 40-88| 0-40|1.30-1.60| 4.00-14.00 |0.12-0.16| 3.0-5.9 | 1.0-3.0 | .28 |  | 29-36 | 0-50| 40-88| 0-40|1.30-1.60| 4.00-14.00 |0.08-0.12| 0.0-2.9 | 0.6-1.1 | .28 |  | 36-37 | --- | --- | --- | --- | 0.00-1.40 | --- | --- | --- | --- |  | | | | | | | | | | | CfE: | | | | | | | | | | |  Cateache-------------| 0-1 | 0-0 | --- | --- |0.05-0.20|42.00-141.00|0.00-0.03| --- | 52-86 | --- |  | 1-5 | 0-52| 28-88| 0-27|1.20-1.40| 4.00-14.00 |0.14-0.18| 0.0-2.9 | 12-25 | .28 |  | 5-29 | 0-50| 40-88| 0-40|1.30-1.60| 4.00-14.00 |0.12-0.16| 3.0-5.9 | 1.0-3.0 | .28 |  | 29-36 | 0-50| 40-88| 0-40|1.30-1.60| 4.00-14.00 |0.08-0.12| 0.0-2.9 | 0.6-1.1 | .28 |  | 36-37 | --- | --- | --- | --- | 0.00-1.40 | --- | --- | --- | --- |  | | | | | | | | | | | CfF: | | | | | | | | | | | 

 Cateache-------------| 0-1 | 0-0 | --- | --- |0.05-0.20|42.00-141.00|0.00-0.03| --- | 52-86 | --- |  | 1-5 | 0-52| 28-88| 0-27|1.20-1.40| 4.00-14.00 |0.14-0.18| 0.0-2.9 | 12-25 | .28 |  | 5-29 | 0-50| 40-88| 0-40|1.30-1.60| 4.00-14.00 |0.12-0.16| 3.0-5.9 | 1.0-3.0 | .28 |  | 29-36 | 0-50| 40-88| 0-40|1.30-1.60| 4.00-14.00 |0.08-0.12| 0.0-2.9 | 0.6-1.1 | .28 |  | 36-37 | --- | --- | --- | --- | 0.00-1.40 | --- | --- | --- | --- | 
706

Table 17.--Physical Properties of the Soils--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | | | | | | |Erosion  Map symbol | | | | | Moist | Saturated |Available| Linear | Organic |_______ and soil name | Depth | Sand | Silt | Clay | bulk | hydraulic | water |extensi- | matter | |  | | | | | density |conductivity|capacity | bility | | Kw | ______________________|_______|______|______|______|_________|____________|_________|_________|_________|_____|_ | In | Pct | Pct | Pct | g/cc | um/sec | In/in | Pct | Pct | |  | | | | | | | | | | | CgC: | | | | | | | | | | |  Cateache-------------| 0-1 | 0-0 | --- | --- |0.05-0.20|42.00-141.00|0.00-0.03| --- | 52-86 | --- |  | 1-5 | 0-52| 28-88| 0-27|1.20-1.40| 4.00-14.00 |0.14-0.18| 0.0-2.9 | 12-25 | .28 |  | 5-29 | 0-50| 40-88| 0-40|1.30-1.60| 4.00-14.00 |0.12-0.16| 3.0-5.9 | 1.0-3.0 | .28 |  | 29-36 | 0-50| 40-88| 0-40|1.30-1.60| 4.00-14.00 |0.08-0.12| 0.0-2.9 | 0.6-1.1 | .28 |  | 36-37 | --- | --- | --- | --- | 0.00-1.40 | --- | --- | --- | --- |  | | | | | | | | | | | CgE: | | | | | | | | | | |  Cateache-------------| 0-1 | 0-0 | --- | --- |0.05-0.20|42.00-141.00|0.00-0.03| --- | 52-86 | --- |  | 1-5 | 0-52| 28-88| 0-27|1.20-1.40| 4.00-14.00 |0.14-0.18| 0.0-2.9 | 12-25 | .28 |  | 5-29 | 0-50| 40-88| 0-40|1.30-1.60| 4.00-14.00 |0.12-0.16| 3.0-5.9 | 1.0-3.0 | .28 |  | 29-36 | 0-50| 40-88| 0-40|1.30-1.60| 4.00-14.00 |0.08-0.12| 0.0-2.9 | 0.6-1.1 | .28 |  | 36-37 | --- | --- | --- | --- | 0.00-1.40 | --- | --- | --- | --- |  | | | | | | | | | | | CgF: | | | | | | | | | | |  Cateache-------------| 0-1 | 0-0 | --- | --- |0.05-0.20|42.00-141.00|0.00-0.03| --- | 52-86 | --- |  | 1-5 | 0-52| 28-88| 0-27|1.20-1.40| 4.00-14.00 |0.14-0.18| 0.0-2.9 | 12-25 | .28 |  | 5-29 | 0-50| 40-88| 0-40|1.30-1.60| 4.00-14.00 |0.12-0.16| 3.0-5.9 | 1.0-3.0 | .28 |  | 29-36 | 0-50| 40-88| 0-40|1.30-1.60| 4.00-14.00 |0.08-0.12| 0.0-2.9 | 0.6-1.1 | .28 |  | 36-37 | --- | --- | --- | --- | 0.00-1.40 | --- | --- | --- | --- |  | | | | | | | | | | | Ch: | | | | | | | | | | |  Chavies--------------| 0-10 | 43-85| 0-50| 0-20|1.20-1.40|14.00-42.00 |0.11-0.18| 0.0-2.9 | 0.5-4.0 | .24 |  | 10-54 | 0-85| 0-88| 0-27|1.20-1.40|14.00-42.00 |0.11-0.20| 0.0-2.9 | 0.4-0.7 | .24 |  | 54-65 | 0-85| 0-88| 0-27|1.30-1.50|14.00-42.00 |0.08-0.18| 0.0-2.9 | 0.1-0.2 | .24 |  | | | | | | | | | | | CpB: | | | | | | | | | | |  Cookport-------------| 0-1 | 23-52| --- | --- |0.10-0.20|42.00-141.00|0.03-0.08| --- | 48-84 | --- |  | 1-9 | 23-52| 31-50| 10-27|1.20-1.40| 4.00-14.00 |0.12-0.16| 0.0-2.9 | 1.0-15 | .32 |  | 9-22 | 20-80| 0-53| 18-35|1.20-1.50| 4.00-14.00 |0.12-0.16| 0.0-2.9 | 0.6-1.2 | .24 |  | 22-42 | 20-80| 0-53| 18-35|1.40-1.70| 0.42-1.40 |0.08-0.12| 0.0-2.9 | 0.3-0.8 | .24 |  | 42-49 | 20-80| 0-53| 18-35|1.40-1.70| 0.42-1.40 |0.08-0.12| 0.0-2.9 | 0.2-0.8 | .24 |  | >49 | --- | --- | --- | --- | 1.40-4.00 | --- | --- | --- | --- |  | | | | | | | | | | | CuB: | | | | | | | | | | |  Culleoka-------------| 0-1 | 0-0 | --- | --- |0.05-0.20|42.00-141.00|0.00-0.03| --- | 52-86 | --- |  | 1-2 | 23-52| --- | --- |0.10-0.20|42.00-141.00|0.03-0.08| --- | 48-84 | --- |  | 2-3 | 23-52| 28-50| 7-27|1.20-1.40| 4.00-42.00 |0.14-0.20| 0.0-2.9 | 8.0-17 | .32 |  | 3-29 | 0-50| 40-88| 0-40|1.20-1.50| 4.00-42.00 |0.12-0.20| 0.0-2.9 | 0.7-1.3 | .28 |  | 29-35 | 0-50| 40-88| 0-40|1.20-1.50| 4.00-42.00 |0.05-0.14| 0.0-2.9 | 0.5-1.2 | .17 |  | 35-40 | --- | --- | --- | --- | 0.42-14.00 | --- | --- | --- | --- |  | | | | | | | | | | | 
707

Table 17.--Physical Properties of the Soils--Continued

_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ | | | | | | | | | |Erosion  Map symbol | | | | | Moist | Saturated |Available| Linear | Organic |________ and soil name | Depth | Sand | Silt | Clay | bulk | hydraulic | water |extensi- | matter | |  | | | | | density |conductivity|capacity | bility | | Kw | K______________________|_______|______|______|______|_________|____________|_________|_________|_________|_____|__ | In | Pct | Pct | Pct | g/cc | um/sec | In/in | Pct | Pct | |  | | | | | | | | | | | CuC: | | | | | | | | | | |  Culleoka-------------| 0-1 | 0-0 | --- | --- |0.05-0.20|42.00-141.00|0.00-0.03| --- | 52-86 | --- | - | 1-2 | 23-52| --- | --- |0.10-0.20|42.00-141.00|0.03-0.08| --- | 48-84 | --- | - | 2-3 | 23-52| 28-50| 7-27|1.20-1.40| 4.00-42.00 |0.14-0.20| 0.0-2.9 | 8.0-17 | .32 | . | 3-29 | 0-50| 40-88| 0-40|1.20-1.50| 4.00-42.00 |0.12-0.20| 0.0-2.9 | 0.7-1.3 | .28 | . | 29-35 | 0-50| 40-88| 0-40|1.20-1.50| 4.00-42.00 |0.05-0.14| 0.0-2.9 | 0.5-1.2 | .17 | . | 35-40 | --- | --- | --- | --- | 0.42-14.00 | --- | --- | --- | --- | - | | | | | | | | | | | CuD: | | | | | | | | | | |  Culleoka-------------| 0-1 | 0-0 | --- | --- |0.05-0.20|42.00-141.00|0.00-0.03| --- | 52-86 | --- | - | 1-2 | 23-52| --- | --- |0.10-0.20|42.00-141.00|0.03-0.08| --- | 48-84 | --- | - | 2-3 | 23-52| 28-50| 7-27|1.20-1.40| 4.00-42.00 |0.14-0.20| 0.0-2.9 | 8.0-17 | .32 | . | 3-29 | 0-50| 40-88| 0-40|1.20-1.50| 4.00-42.00 |0.12-0.20| 0.0-2.9 | 0.7-1.3 | .28 | . | 29-35 | 0-50| 40-88| 0-40|1.20-1.50| 4.00-42.00 |0.05-0.14| 0.0-2.9 | 0.5-1.2 | .17 | . | 35-40 | --- | --- | --- | --- | 0.42-14.00 | --- | --- | --- | --- | - | | | | | | | | | | | CyE: | | | | | | | | | | |  Culleoka-------------| 0-1 | 0-0 | --- | --- |0.05-0.20|42.00-141.00|0.00-0.03| --- | 52-86 | --- | - | 1-2 | 23-52| --- | --- |0.10-0.20|42.00-141.00|0.03-0.08| --- | 48-84 | --- | - | 2-3 | 23-52| 28-50| 7-27|1.20-1.40| 4.00-42.00 |0.14-0.20| 0.0-2.9 | 8.0-17 | .32 | . | 3-29 | 0-50| 40-88| 0-40|1.20-1.50| 4.00-42.00 |0.12-0.20| 0.0-2.9 | 0.7-1.3 | .28 | . | 29-35 | 0-50| 40-88| 0-40|1.20-1.50| 4.00-42.00 |0.05-0.14| 0.0-2.9 | 0.5-1.2 | .17 | . | 35-40 | --- | --- | --- | --- | 0.42-14.00 | --- | --- | --- | --- | - | | | | | | | | | | | CyF: | | | | | | | | | | |  Culleoka-------------| 0-1 | 0-0 | --- | --- |0.05-0.20|42.00-141.00|0.00-0.03| --- | 52-86 | --- | - | 1-2 | 23-52| --- | --- |0.10-0.20|42.00-141.00|0.03-0.08| --- | 48-84 | --- | - | 2-3 | 23-52| 28-50| 7-27|1.20-1.40| 4.00-42.00 |0.14-0.20| 0.0-2.9 | 8.0-17 | .32 | . | 3-29 | 0-50| 40-88| 0-40|1.20-1.50| 4.00-42.00 |0.12-0.20| 0.0-2.9 | 0.7-1.3 | .28 | . | 29-35 | 0-50| 40-88| 0-40|1.20-1.50| 4.00-42.00 |0.05-0.14| 0.0-2.9 | 0.5-1.2 | .17 | . | 35-40 | --- | --- | --- | --- | 0.42-14.00 | --- | --- | --- | --- | - | | | | | | | | | | | DeC: | | | | | | | | | | |  Dekalb---------------| 0-1 | 0-0 | --- | --- |0.05-0.20|42.00-141.00|0.00-0.03| --- | 30-50 | --- | - | 1-2 | 43-85| 0-50| 0-20|1.20-1.50|42.00-141.00|0.08-0.12| 0.0-2.9 | 2.0-10 | .17 | . | 2-4 | 43-85| 0-50| 0-20|1.20-1.50|42.00-141.00|0.08-0.12| 0.0-2.9 | 2.0-10 | .17 | . | 4-8 | 23-52| 28-50| 7-27|1.20-1.50|42.00-141.00|0.08-0.12| 0.0-2.9 | 2.0-10 | .17 | . | 8-15 | 23-52| 28-50| 7-27|1.20-1.50|42.00-141.00|0.06-0.12| 0.0-2.9 | 0.7-2.0 | .17 | . | 15-23 | 43-85| 0-50| 0-20|1.20-1.50|42.00-141.00|0.06-0.12| 0.0-2.9 | 0.7-2.0 | .17 | . | 23-34 | 43-85| 0-50| 0-20|1.20-1.50|42.00-141.00|0.05-0.10| 0.0-2.9 | 0.2-0.9 | .17 | . | >34 | --- | --- | --- | --- |14.00-42.00 | --- | --- | --- | --- | - | | | | | | | | | | | 
708

Table 17.--Physical Properties of the Soils--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | | | | | | |Erosion  Map symbol | | | | | Moist | Saturated |Available| Linear | Organic |_______ and soil name | Depth | Sand | Silt | Clay | bulk | hydraulic | water |extensi- | matter | |  | | | | | density |conductivity|capacity | bility | | Kw | ______________________|_______|______|______|______|_________|____________|_________|_________|_________|_____|_ | In | Pct | Pct | Pct | g/cc | um/sec | In/in | Pct | Pct | |  | | | | | | | | | | | DeE: | | | | | | | | | | |  Dekalb---------------| 0-1 | 0-0 | --- | --- |0.05-0.20|42.00-141.00|0.00-0.03| --- | 30-50 | --- |  | 1-2 | 43-85| 0-50| 0-20|1.20-1.50|42.00-141.00|0.08-0.12| 0.0-2.9 | 2.0-10 | .17 |  | 2-4 | 43-85| 0-50| 0-20|1.20-1.50|42.00-141.00|0.08-0.12| 0.0-2.9 | 2.0-10 | .17 |  | 4-8 | 23-52| 28-50| 7-27|1.20-1.50|42.00-141.00|0.08-0.12| 0.0-2.9 | 2.0-10 | .17 |  | 8-15 | 23-52| 28-50| 7-27|1.20-1.50|42.00-141.00|0.06-0.12| 0.0-2.9 | 0.7-2.0 | .17 |  | 15-23 | 43-85| 0-50| 0-20|1.20-1.50|42.00-141.00|0.06-0.12| 0.0-2.9 | 0.7-2.0 | .17 |  | 23-34 | 43-85| 0-50| 0-20|1.20-1.50|42.00-141.00|0.05-0.10| 0.0-2.9 | 0.2-0.9 | .17 |  | >34 | --- | --- | --- | --- |14.00-42.00 | --- | --- | --- | --- |  | | | | | | | | | | | DeF: | | | | | | | | | | |  Dekalb---------------| 0-1 | 0-0 | --- | --- |0.05-0.20|42.00-141.00|0.00-0.03| --- | 30-50 | --- |  | 1-2 | 43-85| 0-50| 0-20|1.20-1.50|42.00-141.00|0.08-0.12| 0.0-2.9 | 2.0-10 | .17 |  | 2-4 | 43-85| 0-50| 0-20|1.20-1.50|42.00-141.00|0.08-0.12| 0.0-2.9 | 2.0-10 | .17 |  | 4-8 | 23-52| 28-50| 7-27|1.20-1.50|42.00-141.00|0.08-0.12| 0.0-2.9 | 2.0-10 | .17 |  | 8-15 | 23-52| 28-50| 7-27|1.20-1.50|42.00-141.00|0.06-0.12| 0.0-2.9 | 0.7-2.0 | .17 |  | 15-23 | 43-85| 0-50| 0-20|1.20-1.50|42.00-141.00|0.06-0.12| 0.0-2.9 | 0.7-2.0 | .17 |  | 23-34 | 43-85| 0-50| 0-20|1.20-1.50|42.00-141.00|0.05-0.10| 0.0-2.9 | 0.2-0.9 | .17 |  | >34 | --- | --- | --- | --- |14.00-42.00 | --- | --- | --- | --- |  | | | | | | | | | | | DhC: | | | | | | | | | | |  Dekalb---------------| 0-1 | 0-0 | --- | --- |0.05-0.20|42.00-141.00|0.00-0.03| --- | 30-50 | --- |  | 1-2 | 43-85| 0-50| 0-20|1.20-1.50|42.00-141.00|0.08-0.12| 0.0-2.9 | 2.0-10 | .17 |  | 2-4 | 43-85| 0-50| 0-20|1.20-1.50|42.00-141.00|0.08-0.12| 0.0-2.9 | 2.0-10 | .17 |  | 4-8 | 23-52| 28-50| 7-27|1.20-1.50|42.00-141.00|0.08-0.12| 0.0-2.9 | 2.0-10 | .17 |  | 8-15 | 23-52| 28-50| 7-27|1.20-1.50|42.00-141.00|0.06-0.12| 0.0-2.9 | 0.7-2.0 | .17 |  | 15-23 | 43-85| 0-50| 0-20|1.20-1.50|42.00-141.00|0.06-0.12| 0.0-2.9 | 0.7-2.0 | .17 |  | 23-34 | 43-85| 0-50| 0-20|1.20-1.50|42.00-141.00|0.05-0.10| 0.0-2.9 | 0.2-0.9 | .17 |  | >34 | --- | --- | --- | --- |14.00-42.00 | --- | --- | --- | --- |  | | | | | | | | | | |  Hazleton-------------| 0-1 | 0-0 | --- | --- |0.05-0.20|42.00-141.00|0.00-0.03| --- | 52-86 | --- |  | 1-2 | 23-52| --- | --- |0.10-0.20|42.00-141.00|0.03-0.08| --- | 48-84 | --- |  | 2-3 | 23-52| 28-50| 7-27|1.20-1.40|14.00-42.00 |0.10-0.16| 0.0-2.9 | 2.0-13 | .15 |  | 3-32 | 43-85| 0-50| 0-20|1.20-1.40|14.00-141.00|0.08-0.12| 0.0-2.9 | 0.0-5.0 | .15 |  | 32-52 | 43-85| 0-50| 0-20|1.20-1.40|14.00-141.00|0.06-0.12| 0.0-2.9 | 0.0-1.5 | .15 |  | >52 | --- | --- | --- | --- |14.00-42.00 | --- | --- | --- | --- |  | | | | | | | | | | | DhE: | | | | | | | | | | |  Dekalb---------------| 0-1 | 0-0 | --- | --- |0.05-0.20|42.00-141.00|0.00-0.03| --- | 30-50 | --- |  | 1-2 | 43-85| 0-50| 0-20|1.20-1.50|42.00-141.00|0.08-0.12| 0.0-2.9 | 2.0-10 | .17 |  | 2-4 | 43-85| 0-50| 0-20|1.20-1.50|42.00-141.00|0.08-0.12| 0.0-2.9 | 2.0-10 | .17 |  | 4-8 | 23-52| 28-50| 7-27|1.20-1.50|42.00-141.00|0.08-0.12| 0.0-2.9 | 2.0-10 | .17 | 

 | 8-15 | 23-52| 28-50| 7-27|1.20-1.50|42.00-141.00|0.06-0.12| 0.0-2.9 | 0.7-2.0 | .17 |  | 15-23 | 43-85| 0-50| 0-20|1.20-1.50|42.00-141.00|0.06-0.12| 0.0-2.9 | 0.7-2.0 | .17 |  | 23-34 | 43-85| 0-50| 0-20|1.20-1.50|42.00-141.00|0.05-0.10| 0.0-2.9 | 0.2-0.9 | .17 |  | >34 | --- | --- | --- | --- |14.00-42.00 | --- | --- | --- | --- |  | | | | | | | | | | | 
709

Table 17.--Physical Properties of the Soils--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | | | | | | |Erosion  Map symbol | | | | | Moist | Saturated |Available| Linear | Organic |_______ and soil name | Depth | Sand | Silt | Clay | bulk | hydraulic | water |extensi- | matter | |  | | | | | density |conductivity|capacity | bility | | Kw | ______________________|_______|______|______|______|_________|____________|_________|_________|_________|_____|_ | In | Pct | Pct | Pct | g/cc | um/sec | In/in | Pct | Pct | |  | | | | | | | | | | | DhE: | | | | | | | | | | |  Hazleton-------------| 0-1 | 0-0 | --- | --- |0.05-0.20|42.00-141.00|0.00-0.03| --- | 52-86 | --- |  | 1-2 | 23-52| --- | --- |0.10-0.20|42.00-141.00|0.03-0.08| --- | 48-84 | --- |  | 2-3 | 23-52| 28-50| 7-27|1.20-1.40|14.00-42.00 |0.10-0.16| 0.0-2.9 | 2.0-13 | .15 |  | 3-32 | 43-85| 0-50| 0-20|1.20-1.40|14.00-141.00|0.08-0.12| 0.0-2.9 | 0.0-5.0 | .15 |  | 32-52 | 43-85| 0-50| 0-20|1.20-1.40|14.00-141.00|0.06-0.12| 0.0-2.9 | 0.0-1.5 | .15 |  | >52 | --- | --- | --- | --- |14.00-42.00 | --- | --- | --- | --- |  | | | | | | | | | | | DhF: | | | | | | | | | | |  Dekalb---------------| 0-1 | 0-0 | --- | --- |0.05-0.20|42.00-141.00|0.00-0.03| --- | 30-50 | --- |  | 1-2 | 43-85| 0-50| 0-20|1.20-1.50|42.00-141.00|0.08-0.12| 0.0-2.9 | 2.0-10 | .17 |  | 2-4 | 43-85| 0-50| 0-20|1.20-1.50|42.00-141.00|0.08-0.12| 0.0-2.9 | 2.0-10 | .17 |  | 4-8 | 23-52| 28-50| 7-27|1.20-1.50|42.00-141.00|0.08-0.12| 0.0-2.9 | 2.0-10 | .17 |  | 8-15 | 23-52| 28-50| 7-27|1.20-1.50|42.00-141.00|0.06-0.12| 0.0-2.9 | 0.7-2.0 | .17 |  | 15-23 | 43-85| 0-50| 0-20|1.20-1.50|42.00-141.00|0.06-0.12| 0.0-2.9 | 0.7-2.0 | .17 |  | 23-34 | 43-85| 0-50| 0-20|1.20-1.50|42.00-141.00|0.05-0.10| 0.0-2.9 | 0.2-0.9 | .17 |  | >34 | --- | --- | --- | --- |14.00-42.00 | --- | --- | --- | --- |  | | | | | | | | | | |  Hazleton-------------| 0-1 | 0-0 | --- | --- |0.05-0.20|42.00-141.00|0.00-0.03| --- | 52-86 | --- |  | 1-2 | 23-52| --- | --- |0.10-0.20|42.00-141.00|0.03-0.08| --- | 48-84 | --- |  | 2-3 | 23-52| 28-50| 7-27|1.20-1.40|14.00-42.00 |0.10-0.16| 0.0-2.9 | 2.0-13 | .15 |  | 3-32 | 43-85| 0-50| 0-20|1.20-1.40|14.00-141.00|0.08-0.12| 0.0-2.9 | 0.0-5.0 | .15 |  | 32-52 | 43-85| 0-50| 0-20|1.20-1.40|14.00-141.00|0.06-0.12| 0.0-2.9 | 0.0-1.5 | .15 |  | >52 | --- | --- | --- | --- |14.00-42.00 | --- | --- | --- | --- |  | | | | | | | | | | | DkF: | | | | | | | | | | |  Dekalb---------------| 0-1 | 0-0 | --- | --- |0.05-0.20|42.00-141.00|0.00-0.03| --- | 30-50 | --- |  | 1-2 | 43-85| 0-50| 0-20|1.20-1.50|42.00-141.00|0.08-0.12| 0.0-2.9 | 2.0-10 | .17 |  | 2-4 | 43-85| 0-50| 0-20|1.20-1.50|42.00-141.00|0.08-0.12| 0.0-2.9 | 2.0-10 | .17 |  | 4-8 | 23-52| 28-50| 7-27|1.20-1.50|42.00-141.00|0.08-0.12| 0.0-2.9 | 2.0-10 | .17 |  | 8-15 | 23-52| 28-50| 7-27|1.20-1.50|42.00-141.00|0.06-0.12| 0.0-2.9 | 0.7-2.0 | .17 |  | 15-23 | 43-85| 0-50| 0-20|1.20-1.50|42.00-141.00|0.06-0.12| 0.0-2.9 | 0.7-2.0 | .17 |  | 23-34 | 43-85| 0-50| 0-20|1.20-1.50|42.00-141.00|0.05-0.10| 0.0-2.9 | 0.2-0.9 | .17 |  | >34 | --- | --- | --- | --- |14.00-42.00 | --- | --- | --- | --- |  | | | | | | | | | | |  Rock outcrop---------| 0-10 | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |  | | | | | | | | | | | Du: | | | | | | | | | | |  Dunning--------------| 0-20 | 0-50| 50-83| 12-40|1.20-1.40| 4.00-14.00 |0.19-0.23| 0.0-2.9 | 2.0-10 | .37 |  | 20-65 | 0-45| 0-40| 35-60|1.40-1.65| 0.42-1.40 |0.14-0.18| 3.0-5.9 | 1.0-4.0 | .28 |  | | | | | | | | | | | ElF: | | | | | | | | | | | 

 Elliber--------------| 0-2 | 0-0 | --- | --- |0.05-0.20|42.00-141.00|0.00-0.03| --- | 52-86 | --- |  | 2-12 | 0-50| 50-88| 0-27|1.20-1.40| 4.00-42.00 |0.08-0.12| 0.0-2.9 | 1.0-3.0 | .17 |  | 12-67 | 0-52| 0-55| 0-40|1.40-1.60| 4.00-42.00 |0.08-0.12| 0.0-2.9 | 0.6-1.0 | .17 |  | | | | | | | | | | | 
710

Table 17.--Physical Properties of the Soils--Continued

_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ | | | | | | | | | |Erosion  Map symbol | | | | | Moist | Saturated |Available| Linear | Organic |________ and soil name | Depth | Sand | Silt | Clay | bulk | hydraulic | water |extensi- | matter | |  | | | | | density |conductivity|capacity | bility | | Kw | K______________________|_______|______|______|______|_________|____________|_________|_________|_________|_____|__ | In | Pct | Pct | Pct | g/cc | um/sec | In/in | Pct | Pct | |  | | | | | | | | | | | ErB: | | | | | | | | | | |  Ernest---------------| 0-2 | 0-0 | --- | --- |0.05-0.20|42.00-141.00|0.00-0.03| --- | 52-86 | --- | - | 2-3 | 0-50| --- | --- |0.10-0.20|42.00-141.00|0.03-0.08| --- | 48-84 | --- | - | 3-10 | 0-50| 50-83| 15-20|1.20-1.40| 4.00-14.00 |0.14-0.20| 0.0-2.9 | 2.0-4.0 | .43 | . | 10-28 | 0-50| 50-83| 20-35|1.30-1.50| 4.00-14.00 |0.12-0.16| 3.0-5.9 | 0.2-2.0 | .32 | . | 28-44 | 0-52| 15-83| 18-30|1.40-1.70| 0.42-4.00 |0.08-0.12| 0.0-2.9 | 0.2-1.0 | .32 | . | 44-62 | 0-50| 50-83| 0-35|1.30-1.60| 0.42-4.00 |0.08-0.12| 3.0-5.9 | 0.1-1.0 | .32 | . | | | | | | | | | | | EsC: | | | | | | | | | | |  Ernest---------------| 0-2 | 0-0 | --- | --- |0.05-0.20|42.00-141.00|0.00-0.03| --- | 52-86 | --- | - | 2-3 | 0-50| --- | --- |0.10-0.20|42.00-141.00|0.03-0.08| --- | 48-84 | --- | - | 3-10 | 0-50| 50-83| 15-20|1.20-1.40| 4.00-14.00 |0.14-0.20| 0.0-2.9 | 2.0-4.0 | .43 | . | 10-28 | 0-50| 50-83| 20-35|1.30-1.50| 4.00-14.00 |0.12-0.16| 3.0-5.9 | 0.2-2.0 | .32 | . | 28-44 | 0-52| 15-83| 18-30|1.40-1.70| 0.42-4.00 |0.08-0.12| 0.0-2.9 | 0.2-1.0 | .32 | . | 44-62 | 0-50| 50-83| 0-35|1.30-1.60| 0.42-4.00 |0.08-0.12| 3.0-5.9 | 0.1-1.0 | .32 | . | | | | | | | | | | | FaE: | | | | | | | | | | |  Faywood--------------| 0-8 | 0-50| 50-88| 0-27|1.30-1.40| 4.00-14.00 |0.18-0.22| 0.0-2.9 | 1.0-6.0 | .37 | . | 8-28 | 0-45| 0-73| 27- |1.35-1.45| 0.42-4.00 |0.12-0.17| 3.0-5.9 | 1.0-2.5 | .28 | . | | | |100 | | | | | | |  | 28-32 | --- | --- | --- | --- | 0.00-0.00 | --- | --- | --- | --- | - | | | | | | | | | | | FaF: | | | | | | | | | | |  Faywood--------------| 0-8 | 0-50| 50-88| 0-27|1.30-1.40| 4.00-14.00 |0.18-0.22| 0.0-2.9 | 1.0-6.0 | .37 | . | 8-28 | 0-45| 0-73| 27- |1.35-1.45| 0.42-4.00 |0.12-0.17| 3.0-5.9 | 1.0-2.5 | .28 | . | | | |100 | | | | | | |  | 28-32 | --- | --- | --- | --- | 0.00-0.00 | --- | --- | --- | --- | - | | | | | | | | | | | FkB: | | | | | | | | | | |  Frankstown-----------| 0-4 | 0-50| 50-83| 18-27|1.20-1.40| 4.00-14.00 |0.18-0.22| 0.0-2.9 | 1.0-4.0 | .37 | . | 4-35 | 0-50| 50-83| 25-35|1.30-1.50| 4.00-14.00 |0.14-0.20| 3.0-5.9 | 0.4-1.0 | .28 | . | 35-45 | 0-50| 0-88| 18-45|1.30-1.50| 4.00-14.00 |0.12-0.16| 3.0-5.9 | 0.2-0.8 | .28 | . | 45-46 | --- | --- | --- | --- | 0.00-1.40 | --- | --- | --- | --- | - | | | | | | | | | | | FkC: | | | | | | | | | | |  Frankstown-----------| 0-4 | 0-50| 50-83| 18-27|1.20-1.40| 4.00-14.00 |0.18-0.22| 0.0-2.9 | 1.0-4.0 | .37 | . | 4-35 | 0-50| 50-83| 25-35|1.30-1.50| 4.00-14.00 |0.14-0.20| 3.0-5.9 | 0.4-1.0 | .28 | . | 35-45 | 0-50| 0-88| 18-45|1.30-1.50| 4.00-14.00 |0.12-0.16| 3.0-5.9 | 0.2-0.8 | .28 | . | 45-46 | --- | --- | --- | --- | 0.00-1.40 | --- | --- | --- | --- | - | | | | | | | | | | | FkD: | | | | | | | | | | |  Frankstown-----------| 0-4 | 0-50| 50-83| 18-27|1.20-1.40| 4.00-14.00 |0.18-0.22| 0.0-2.9 | 1.0-4.0 | .37 | .

 | 4-35 | 0-50| 50-83| 25-35|1.30-1.50| 4.00-14.00 |0.14-0.20| 3.0-5.9 | 0.4-1.0 | .28 | . | 35-45 | 0-50| 0-88| 18-45|1.30-1.50| 4.00-14.00 |0.12-0.16| 3.0-5.9 | 0.2-0.8 | .28 | . | 45-46 | --- | --- | --- | --- | 0.00-1.40 | --- | --- | --- | --- | - | | | | | | | | | | | 
711

Table 17.--Physical Properties of the Soils--Continued

_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ | | | | | | | | | |Erosion  Map symbol | | | | | Moist | Saturated |Available| Linear | Organic |________ and soil name | Depth | Sand | Silt | Clay | bulk | hydraulic | water |extensi- | matter | |  | | | | | density |conductivity|capacity | bility | | Kw | K______________________|_______|______|______|______|_________|____________|_________|_________|_________|_____|__ | In | Pct | Pct | Pct | g/cc | um/sec | In/in | Pct | Pct | |  | | | | | | | | | | | FoC: | | | | | | | | | | |  Frankstown-----------| 0-4 | 0-50| 50-83| 18-27|1.20-1.40| 4.00-14.00 |0.18-0.22| 0.0-2.9 | 1.0-4.0 | .37 | . | 4-35 | 0-50| 50-83| 25-35|1.30-1.50| 4.00-14.00 |0.14-0.20| 3.0-5.9 | 0.4-1.0 | .28 | . | 35-45 | 0-50| 0-88| 18-45|1.30-1.50| 4.00-14.00 |0.12-0.16| 3.0-5.9 | 0.2-0.8 | .28 | . | 45-46 | --- | --- | --- | --- | 0.00-1.40 | --- | --- | --- | --- | - | | | | | | | | | | | FoE: | | | | | | | | | | |  Frankstown-----------| 0-4 | 0-50| 50-83| 18-27|1.20-1.40| 4.00-14.00 |0.18-0.22| 0.0-2.9 | 1.0-4.0 | .37 | . | 4-35 | 0-50| 50-83| 25-35|1.30-1.50| 4.00-14.00 |0.14-0.20| 3.0-5.9 | 0.4-1.0 | .28 | . | 35-45 | 0-50| 0-88| 18-45|1.30-1.50| 4.00-14.00 |0.12-0.16| 3.0-5.9 | 0.2-0.8 | .28 | . | 45-46 | --- | --- | --- | --- | 0.00-1.40 | --- | --- | --- | --- | - | | | | | | | | | | | FrB: | | | | | | | | | | |  Frederick------------| 0-8 | 0-50| 50-83| 0-27|1.25-1.50|14.00-42.00 |0.12-0.20| 0.0-2.9 | 1.0-4.0 | .28 | . | 8-29 | 0-20| 0-73| 27-40|1.20-1.50| 4.00-14.00 |0.10-0.18| 3.0-5.9 | 0.4-1.0 | .24 | . | 29-80 | 0-45| 0-40| 40-80|1.20-1.50| 4.00-14.00 |0.10-0.18| 6.0-8.9 | 0.1-0.5 | .24 | . | | | | | | | | | | | FrC: | | | | | | | | | | |  Frederick------------| 0-8 | 0-50| 50-83| 0-27|1.25-1.50|14.00-42.00 |0.12-0.20| 0.0-2.9 | 1.0-4.0 | .28 | . | 8-29 | 0-20| 0-73| 27-40|1.20-1.50| 4.00-14.00 |0.10-0.18| 3.0-5.9 | 0.4-1.0 | .24 | . | 29-80 | 0-45| 0-40| 40-80|1.20-1.50| 4.00-14.00 |0.10-0.18| 6.0-8.9 | 0.1-0.5 | .24 | . | | | | | | | | | | | FrD: | | | | | | | | | | |  Frederick------------| 0-8 | 0-50| 50-83| 0-27|1.25-1.50|14.00-42.00 |0.12-0.20| 0.0-2.9 | 1.0-4.0 | .28 | . | 8-29 | 0-20| 0-73| 27-40|1.20-1.50| 4.00-14.00 |0.10-0.18| 3.0-5.9 | 0.4-1.0 | .24 | . | 29-80 | 0-45| 0-40| 40-80|1.20-1.50| 4.00-14.00 |0.10-0.18| 6.0-8.9 | 0.1-0.5 | .24 | . | | | | | | | | | | | FyC: | | | | | | | | | | |  Frederick------------| 0-8 | 0-50| 50-83| 0-27|1.25-1.50|14.00-42.00 |0.12-0.20| 0.0-2.9 | 1.0-4.0 | .28 | . | 8-29 | 0-20| 0-73| 27-40|1.20-1.50| 4.00-14.00 |0.10-0.18| 3.0-5.9 | 0.4-1.0 | .24 | . | 29-80 | 0-45| 0-40| 40-80|1.20-1.50| 4.00-14.00 |0.10-0.18| 6.0-8.9 | 0.1-0.5 | .24 | . | | | | | | | | | | |  Caneyville-----------| 0-3 | 0-50| 50-83| 10-27|1.20-1.40| 4.23-14.11 |0.17-0.22| 0.0-2.9 | 2.0-4.0 | .43 | . | 3-10 | 0-45| 0-73| 25-60|1.35-1.60| 1.41-4.23 |0.12-0.18| 3.0-5.9 | 0.0-0.2 | .28 | . | 10-24 | 0-45| 0-60| 40- |1.35-1.60| 1.41-4.23 |0.12-0.18| 3.0-5.9 | 0.0-0.2 | .28 | . | | | |100 | | | | | | |  | >24 | --- | --- | --- | --- | 0.42-14.11 | --- | --- | --- | --- | -FyE: | | | | | | | | | | |  Frederick------------| 0-8 | 0-50| 50-83| 0-27|1.25-1.50|14.00-42.00 |0.12-0.20| 0.0-2.9 | 1.0-4.0 | .28 | . | 8-29 | 0-20| 0-73| 27-40|1.20-1.50| 4.00-14.00 |0.10-0.18| 3.0-5.9 | 0.4-1.0 | .24 | . | 29-80 | 0-45| 0-40| 40-80|1.20-1.50| 4.00-14.00 |0.10-0.18| 6.0-8.9 | 0.1-0.5 | .24 | . | | | | | | | | | | | 

 Caneyville-----------| 0-3 | 0-50| 50-83| 10-27|1.20-1.40| 4.23-14.11 |0.17-0.22| 0.0-2.9 | 2.0-4.0 | .43 | . | 3-10 | 0-45| 0-73| 25-60|1.35-1.60| 1.41-4.23 |0.12-0.18| 3.0-5.9 | 0.0-0.2 | .28 | . | 10-24 | 0-45| 0-60| 40- |1.35-1.60| 1.41-4.23 |0.12-0.18| 3.0-5.9 | 0.0-0.2 | .28 | . | | | |100 | | | | | | |  | >24 | --- | --- | --- | --- | 0.42-14.11 | --- | --- | --- | --- | -
712

Table 17.--Physical Properties of the Soils--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | | | | | | |Erosion  Map symbol | | | | | Moist | Saturated |Available| Linear | Organic |_______ and soil name | Depth | Sand | Silt | Clay | bulk | hydraulic | water |extensi- | matter | |  | | | | | density |conductivity|capacity | bility | | Kw | ______________________|_______|______|______|______|_________|____________|_________|_________|_________|_____|_ | In | Pct | Pct | Pct | g/cc | um/sec | In/in | Pct | Pct | |  | | | | | | | | | | | GaC: | | | | | | | | | | |  Gauley---------------| 0-3 | 0-0 | --- | --- |0.05-0.20|42.00-141.00|0.00-0.03| --- | 52-86 | --- |  | 3-6 | 43-85| --- | --- |0.15-0.35|42.00-141.00|0.15-0.45| --- | 35-70 | --- |  | 6-8 | 43-85| 0-50| 0-20|1.20-2.00|14.00-42.00 |0.10-0.16| 0.0-2.9 | 2.0-14 | .17 |  | 8-26 | 23-52| 28-50| 7-27|1.20-2.00|14.00-42.00 |0.07-0.12| 0.0-2.9 | 0.5-3.0 | .17 |  | 26-38 | 23-52| 28-50| 7-27|1.20-2.00|14.00-42.00 |0.06-0.10| 0.0-2.9 | 0.2-2.5 | .17 |  | >38 | --- | --- | --- | --- | 1.40-4.00 | --- | --- | --- | --- |  | | | | | | | | | | | GaE: | | | | | | | | | | |  Gauley---------------| 0-3 | 0-0 | --- | --- |0.05-0.20|42.00-141.00|0.00-0.03| --- | 52-86 | --- |  | 3-6 | 43-85| --- | --- |0.15-0.35|42.00-141.00|0.15-0.45| --- | 35-70 | --- |  | 6-8 | 43-85| 0-50| 0-20|1.20-2.00|14.00-42.00 |0.10-0.16| 0.0-2.9 | 2.0-14 | .17 |  | 8-26 | 23-52| 28-50| 7-27|1.20-2.00|14.00-42.00 |0.07-0.12| 0.0-2.9 | 0.5-3.0 | .17 |  | 26-38 | 23-52| 28-50| 7-27|1.20-2.00|14.00-42.00 |0.06-0.10| 0.0-2.9 | 0.2-2.5 | .17 |  | >38 | --- | --- | --- | --- | 1.40-4.00 | --- | --- | --- | --- |  | | | | | | | | | | | GnC: | | | | | | | | | | |  Gilpin---------------| 0-1 | 0-0 | --- | --- |0.05-0.20|42.00-141.00|0.00-0.03| --- | 52-86 | --- |  | 1-2 | 0-50| --- | --- |0.10-0.20|42.00-141.00|0.03-0.08| --- | 48-84 | --- |  | 2-3 | 0-50| 50-83| 15-27|1.20-1.40| 4.00-14.00 |0.12-0.18| 0.0-2.9 | 0.5-18 | .32 |  | 3-24 | 0-52| 28-87| 18-35|1.20-1.50| 4.00-14.00 |0.12-0.16| 0.0-2.9 | 0.5-1.2 | .24 |  | 24-36 | 0-52| 28-87| 15-35|1.20-1.50| 4.00-14.00 |0.08-0.12| 0.0-2.9 | 0.5-1.2 | .24 |  | 36-37 | --- | --- | --- | --- | 0.00-1.40 | --- | --- | --- | --- |  | | | | | | | | | | | GnD: | | | | | | | | | | |  Gilpin---------------| 0-1 | 0-0 | --- | --- |0.05-0.20|42.00-141.00|0.00-0.03| --- | 52-86 | --- |  | 1-2 | 43-85| --- | --- |0.15-0.35|42.00-141.00|0.15-0.45| --- | 35-70 | --- |  | 2-3 | 0-50| 50-83| 15-27|1.20-1.40| 4.00-14.00 |0.12-0.18| 0.0-2.9 | 0.5-18 | .32 |  | 3-24 | 0-52| 28-87| 18-35|1.20-1.50| 4.00-14.00 |0.12-0.16| 0.0-2.9 | 0.5-1.2 | .24 |  | 24-36 | 0-52| 28-87| 15-35|1.20-1.50| 4.00-14.00 |0.08-0.12| 0.0-2.9 | 0.5-1.2 | .24 |  | 36-37 | --- | --- | --- | --- | 0.00-1.40 | --- | --- | --- | --- |  | | | | | | | | | | | GpC: | | | | | | | | | | |  Gilpin---------------| 0-1 | 0-0 | --- | --- |0.05-0.20|42.00-141.00|0.00-0.03| --- | 52-86 | --- |  | 1-2 | 43-85| --- | --- |0.15-0.35|42.00-141.00|0.15-0.45| --- | 35-70 | --- |  | 2-3 | 0-50| 50-83| 15-27|1.20-1.40| 4.00-14.00 |0.12-0.18| 0.0-2.9 | 0.5-18 | .32 |  | 3-24 | 0-52| 28-87| 18-35|1.20-1.50| 4.00-14.00 |0.12-0.16| 0.0-2.9 | 0.5-1.2 | .24 |  | 24-36 | 0-52| 28-87| 15-35|1.20-1.50| 4.00-14.00 |0.08-0.12| 0.0-2.9 | 0.5-1.2 | .24 |  | 36-37 | --- | --- | --- | --- | 0.00-1.40 | --- | --- | --- | --- |  | | | | | | | | | | | GpE: | | | | | | | | | | |  Gilpin---------------| 0-1 | 0-0 | --- | --- |0.05-0.20|42.00-141.00|0.00-0.03| --- | 52-86 | --- | 

 | 1-2 | 43-85| --- | --- |0.15-0.35|42.00-141.00|0.15-0.45| --- | 35-70 | --- |  | 2-3 | 0-50| 50-83| 15-27|1.20-1.40| 4.00-14.00 |0.12-0.18| 0.0-2.9 | 0.5-18 | .32 |  | 3-24 | 0-52| 28-87| 18-35|1.20-1.50| 4.00-14.00 |0.12-0.16| 0.0-2.9 | 0.5-1.2 | .24 |  | 24-36 | 0-52| 28-87| 15-35|1.20-1.50| 4.00-14.00 |0.08-0.12| 0.0-2.9 | 0.5-1.2 | .24 |  | 36-37 | --- | --- | --- | --- | 0.00-1.40 | --- | --- | --- | --- | 
713

Table 17.--Physical Properties of the Soils--Continued

_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ | | | | | | | | | |Erosion  Map symbol | | | | | Moist | Saturated |Available| Linear | Organic |________ and soil name | Depth | Sand | Silt | Clay | bulk | hydraulic | water |extensi- | matter | |  | | | | | density |conductivity|capacity | bility | | Kw | K______________________|_______|______|______|______|_________|____________|_________|_________|_________|_____|__ | In | Pct | Pct | Pct | g/cc | um/sec | In/in | Pct | Pct | |  | | | | | | | | | | | Ho: | | | | | | | | | | |  Holly----------------| 0-4 | 0-50| 50-88| 0-27|1.20-1.40| 4.00-14.00 |0.20-0.24| 0.0-2.9 | 2.0-5.0 | .28 | . | 4-42 | 0-85| 0-88| 0-40|1.20-1.50| 1.40-14.00 |0.17-0.21| 0.0-2.9 | 0.6-1.1 | .28 | . | 42-65 | 0-85| 0-88| 0-40|1.20-1.45| 4.00-42.00 |0.10-0.20| 0.0-2.9 | 0.4-0.8 | .28 | . | | | | | | | | | | | KxF: | | | | | | | | | | |  Kaymine--------------| 0-13 | 23-52| 28-50| 18-27|1.35-1.65| 4.00-42.00 |0.07-0.16| 0.0-2.9 | 0.5-3.0 | .32 | . | 13-65 | 23-52| 28-50| 18-27|1.35-1.65| 4.00-42.00 |0.07-0.16| 0.0-2.9 | 0.2-0.4 | .32 | . | | | | | | | | | | |  Rock outcrop---------| 0-10 | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | - | | | | | | | | | | | LcC: | | | | | | | | | | |  Leatherbark----------| 0-1 | 0-0 | --- | --- |0.05-0.20|42.00-141.00|0.00-0.03| --- | 52-86 | --- | - | 1-2 | 0-50| --- | --- |0.10-0.20|42.00-141.00|0.03-0.08| --- | 48-84 | --- | - | 2-7 | 0-50| 50-83| 7-27|1.20-1.50| 4.00-14.00 |0.10-0.17| 0.0-2.9 | 2.0-13 | .20 | . | 7-37 | 0-52| 28-83| 18-40|1.30-1.50| 0.42-4.00 |0.09-0.17| 3.0-5.9 | 0.8-1.2 | .28 | . | 37-40 | 0-52| 28-83| 18-35|1.30-1.50| 0.42-4.00 |0.09-0.17| 3.0-5.9 | 0.5-0.8 | .28 | . | 40-41 | --- | --- | --- | --- | 0.00-1.40 | --- | --- | --- | --- | - | | | | | | | | | | | LgB: | | | | | | | | | | |  Lily-----------------| 0-1 | 0-0 | --- | --- |0.05-0.20|42.00-141.00| --- | --- | 52-86 | --- | - | 1-8 | 43-86| 0-50| 7-27|1.20-1.40| 4.00-42.00 |0.13-0.18| 0.0-2.9 | 0.5-4.0 | .28 | . | 8-25 | 20-80| 0-53| 18-35|1.25-1.35|14.00-42.00 |0.12-0.18| 0.0-2.9 | 0.2-0.9 | .28 | . | 25-33 | 20-90| 0-53| 0-40|1.25-1.35|14.00-42.00 |0.08-0.17| 0.0-2.9 | 0.2-0.3 | .17 | . | >33 | --- | --- | --- | --- | 1.40-4.00 | --- | --- | --- | --- | - | | | | | | | | | | | LgC: | | | | | | | | | | |  Lily-----------------| 0-1 | 0-0 | --- | --- |0.05-0.20|42.00-141.00| --- | --- | 52-86 | --- | - | 1-8 | 43-86| 0-50| 7-27|1.20-1.40| 4.00-42.00 |0.13-0.18| 0.0-2.9 | 0.5-4.0 | .28 | . | 8-25 | 20-80| 0-53| 18-35|1.25-1.35|14.00-42.00 |0.12-0.18| 0.0-2.9 | 0.2-0.9 | .28 | . | 25-33 | 20-90| 0-53| 0-40|1.25-1.35|14.00-42.00 |0.08-0.17| 0.0-2.9 | 0.2-0.3 | .17 | . | >33 | --- | --- | --- | --- | 1.40-4.00 | --- | --- | --- | --- | - | | | | | | | | | | | LhE: | | | | | | | | | | |  Lily-----------------| 0-1 | 0-0 | --- | --- |0.05-0.20|42.00-141.00| --- | --- | 52-86 | --- | - | 1-8 | 43-86| 0-50| 7-27|1.20-1.40| 4.00-42.00 |0.13-0.18| 0.0-2.9 | 0.5-4.0 | .28 | . | 8-25 | 20-80| 0-53| 18-35|1.25-1.35|14.00-42.00 |0.12-0.18| 0.0-2.9 | 0.2-0.9 | .28 | . | 25-33 | 20-90| 0-53| 0-40|1.25-1.35|14.00-42.00 |0.08-0.17| 0.0-2.9 | 0.2-0.3 | .17 | . | >33 | --- | --- | --- | --- | 1.40-4.00 | --- | --- | --- | --- | - | | | | | | | | | | | Lo: | | | | | | | | | | |  Lobdell--------------| 0-10 | 0-50| 50-88| 0-27|1.20-1.40| 4.00-14.00 |0.20-0.24| 0.0-2.9 | 1.0-3.0 | .37 | .

 | 10-28 | 0-85| 0-88| 0-27|1.25-1.60| 4.00-14.00 |0.17-0.22| 0.0-2.9 | 0.4-0.8 | .37 | . | 28-65 | 0-85| 0-88| 0-27|1.20-1.60| 4.00-42.00 |0.12-0.18| 0.0-2.9 | 0.3-0.6 | .37 | . | | | | | | | | | | | 
714

Table 17.--Physical Properties of the Soils--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | | | | | | |Erosion  Map symbol | | | | | Moist | Saturated |Available| Linear | Organic |_______ and soil name | Depth | Sand | Silt | Clay | bulk | hydraulic | water |extensi- | matter | |  | | | | | density |conductivity|capacity | bility | | Kw | ______________________|_______|______|______|______|_________|____________|_________|_________|_________|_____|_ | In | Pct | Pct | Pct | g/cc | um/sec | In/in | Pct | Pct | |  | | | | | | | | | | | MaB: | | | | | | | | | | |  Macove---------------| 0-1 | --- | --- | --- |0.05-0.20|42.00-141.00|0.00-0.03| --- | 52-86 | --- |  | 1-5 | 23-85| 0-50| 0-27|1.00-1.40|14.00-42.00 |0.08-0.14| 0.0-2.9 | 0.5-2.0 | .20 |  | 5-15 | 0-52| 28-88| 0-27|1.20-1.50|14.00-42.00 |0.08-0.14| 0.0-2.9 | 0.5-1.0 | .20 |  | 15-65 | 2-52| 28-88| 0-40|1.20-1.80|14.00-42.00 |0.08-0.12| 0.0-2.9 | 0.0-0.5 | .20 |  | | | | | | | | | | | MaC: | | | | | | | | | | |  Macove---------------| 0-1 | --- | --- | --- |0.05-0.20|42.00-141.00|0.00-0.03| --- | 52-86 | --- |  | 1-5 | 23-85| 0-50| 0-27|1.00-1.40|14.00-42.00 |0.08-0.14| 0.0-2.9 | 0.5-2.0 | .20 |  | 5-15 | 0-52| 28-88| 0-27|1.20-1.50|14.00-42.00 |0.08-0.14| 0.0-2.9 | 0.5-1.0 | .20 |  | 15-65 | 2-52| 28-88| 0-40|1.20-1.80|14.00-42.00 |0.08-0.12| 0.0-2.9 | 0.0-0.5 | .20 |  | | | | | | | | | | | MaD: | | | | | | | | | | |  Macove---------------| 0-1 | --- | --- | --- |0.05-0.20|42.00-141.00|0.00-0.03| --- | 52-86 | --- |  | 1-5 | 23-85| 0-50| 0-27|1.00-1.40|14.00-42.00 |0.08-0.14| 0.0-2.9 | 0.5-2.0 | .20 |  | 5-15 | 0-52| 28-88| 0-27|1.20-1.50|14.00-42.00 |0.08-0.14| 0.0-2.9 | 0.5-1.0 | .20 |  | 15-65 | 2-52| 28-88| 0-40|1.20-1.80|14.00-42.00 |0.08-0.12| 0.0-2.9 | 0.0-0.5 | .20 |  | | | | | | | | | | | McC: | | | | | | | | | | |  Macove---------------| 0-1 | --- | --- | --- |0.05-0.20|42.00-141.00|0.00-0.03| --- | 52-86 | --- |  | 1-5 | 23-85| 0-50| 0-27|1.00-1.40|14.00-42.00 |0.08-0.14| 0.0-2.9 | 0.5-2.0 | .20 |  | 5-15 | 0-52| 28-88| 0-27|1.20-1.50|14.00-42.00 |0.08-0.14| 0.0-2.9 | 0.5-1.0 | .20 |  | 15-65 | 2-52| 28-88| 0-40|1.20-1.80|14.00-42.00 |0.08-0.12| 0.0-2.9 | 0.0-0.5 | .20 |  | | | | | | | | | | | McE: | | | | | | | | | | |  Macove---------------| 0-1 | --- | --- | --- |0.05-0.20|42.00-141.00|0.00-0.03| --- | 52-86 | --- |  | 1-5 | 23-85| 0-50| 0-27|1.00-1.40|14.00-42.00 |0.08-0.14| 0.0-2.9 | 0.5-2.0 | .20 |  | 5-15 | 0-52| 28-88| 0-27|1.20-1.50|14.00-42.00 |0.08-0.14| 0.0-2.9 | 0.5-1.0 | .20 |  | 15-65 | 2-52| 28-88| 0-40|1.20-1.80|14.00-42.00 |0.08-0.12| 0.0-2.9 | 0.0-0.5 | .20 |  | | | | | | | | | | | MeF: | | | | | | | | | | |  Macove---------------| 0-1 | --- | --- | --- |0.05-0.20|42.00-141.00|0.00-0.03| --- | 52-86 | --- |  | 1-5 | 23-85| 0-50| 0-27|1.00-1.40|14.00-42.00 |0.08-0.14| 0.0-2.9 | 0.5-2.0 | .20 |  | 5-15 | 0-52| 28-88| 0-27|1.20-1.50|14.00-42.00 |0.08-0.14| 0.0-2.9 | 0.5-1.0 | .20 |  | 15-65 | 2-52| 28-88| 0-40|1.20-1.80|14.00-42.00 |0.08-0.12| 0.0-2.9 | 0.0-0.5 | .20 |  | | | | | | | | | | |  Gilpin---------------| 0-1 | 0-0 | --- | --- |0.05-0.20|42.00-141.00|0.00-0.03| --- | 52-86 | --- |  | 1-2 | 43-85| --- | --- |0.15-0.35|42.00-141.00|0.15-0.45| --- | 35-70 | --- |  | 2-3 | 0-50| 50-83| 15-27|1.20-1.40| 4.00-14.00 |0.12-0.18| 0.0-2.9 | 0.5-18 | .32 |  | 3-24 | 0-52| 28-87| 18-35|1.20-1.50| 4.00-14.00 |0.12-0.16| 0.0-2.9 | 0.5-1.2 | .24 |  | 24-36 | 0-52| 28-87| 15-35|1.20-1.50| 4.00-14.00 |0.08-0.12| 0.0-2.9 | 0.5-1.2 | .24 |  | 36-37 | --- | --- | --- | --- | 0.00-1.40 | --- | --- | --- | --- | 

 | | | | | | | | | | | 
715

Table 17.--Physical Properties of the Soils--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | | | | | | |Erosion  Map symbol | | | | | Moist | Saturated |Available| Linear | Organic |_______ and soil name | Depth | Sand | Silt | Clay | bulk | hydraulic | water |extensi- | matter | |  | | | | | density |conductivity|capacity | bility | | Kw | ______________________|_______|______|______|______|_________|____________|_________|_________|_________|_____|_ | In | Pct | Pct | Pct | g/cc | um/sec | In/in | Pct | Pct | |  | | | | | | | | | | | MkC: | | | | | | | | | | |  Mandy----------------| 0-1 | 0-0 | --- | --- |0.05-0.20|42.00-141.00|0.00-0.03| --- | 52-86 | --- |  | 1-6 | 0-50| 50-88| 0-27|1.20-1.50| 4.00-14.00 |0.08-0.12| 0.0-2.9 | 0.5-20 | .24 |  | 6-29 | 0-52| 28-88| 0-27|1.20-1.60| 4.00-14.00 |0.04-0.10| 0.0-2.9 | 0.6-2.2 | .17 |  | 29-37 | 0-52| 28-88| 0-27|1.20-1.60| 4.00-14.00 |0.04-0.10| 0.0-2.9 | 0.6-1.0 | .17 |  | 37-38 | --- | --- | --- | --- | 0.00-1.40 | --- | --- | --- | --- |  | | | | | | | | | | | MkE: | | | | | | | | | | |  Mandy----------------| 0-1 | 0-0 | --- | --- |0.05-0.20|42.00-141.00|0.00-0.03| --- | 52-86 | --- |  | 1-6 | 0-50| 50-88| 0-27|1.20-1.50| 4.00-14.00 |0.08-0.12| 0.0-2.9 | 0.5-20 | .24 |  | 6-29 | 0-52| 28-88| 0-27|1.20-1.60| 4.00-14.00 |0.04-0.10| 0.0-2.9 | 0.6-2.2 | .17 |  | 29-37 | 0-52| 28-88| 0-27|1.20-1.60| 4.00-14.00 |0.04-0.10| 0.0-2.9 | 0.6-1.0 | .17 |  | 37-38 | --- | --- | --- | --- | 0.00-1.40 | --- | --- | --- | --- |  | | | | | | | | | | | MkF: | | | | | | | | | | |  Mandy----------------| 0-1 | 0-0 | --- | --- |0.05-0.20|42.00-141.00|0.00-0.03| --- | 52-86 | --- |  | 1-6 | 0-50| 50-88| 0-27|1.20-1.50| 4.00-14.00 |0.08-0.12| 0.0-2.9 | 0.5-20 | .24 |  | 6-29 | 0-52| 28-88| 0-27|1.20-1.60| 4.00-14.00 |0.04-0.10| 0.0-2.9 | 0.6-2.2 | .17 |  | 29-37 | 0-52| 28-88| 0-27|1.20-1.60| 4.00-14.00 |0.04-0.10| 0.0-2.9 | 0.6-1.0 | .17 |  | 37-38 | --- | --- | --- | --- | 0.00-1.40 | --- | --- | --- | --- |  | | | | | | | | | | | MkG: | | | | | | | | | | |  Mandy----------------| 0-1 | 0-0 | --- | --- |0.05-0.20|42.00-141.00|0.00-0.03| --- | 52-86 | --- |  | 1-6 | 0-50| 50-88| 0-27|1.20-1.50| 4.00-14.00 |0.08-0.12| 0.0-2.9 | 0.5-20 | .24 |  | 6-29 | 0-52| 28-88| 0-27|1.20-1.60| 4.00-14.00 |0.04-0.10| 0.0-2.9 | 0.6-2.2 | .17 |  | 29-37 | 0-52| 28-88| 0-27|1.20-1.60| 4.00-14.00 |0.04-0.10| 0.0-2.9 | 0.6-1.0 | .17 |  | 37-38 | --- | --- | --- | --- | 0.00-1.40 | --- | --- | --- | --- |  | | | | | | | | | | | Ml: | | | | | | | | | | |  Melvin---------------| 0-10 | 0-50| 50-83| 12-17|1.20-1.60| 4.00-14.00 |0.18-0.23| 0.0-2.9 | 0.5-3.0 | .43 |  | 10-58 | 0-50| 50-83| 12-35|1.30-1.60| 4.00-14.00 |0.18-0.23| 0.0-2.9 | 0.5-2.0 | .43 |  | 58-65 | 0-85| 0-50| 7-35|1.40-1.70| 4.00-14.00 |0.16-0.23| 0.0-2.9 | 0.2-1.5 | .43 |  | | | | | | | | | | |  Lindside-------------| 0-9 | 0-50| 50-83| 15-27|0.80-1.40| 4.00-14.00 |0.20-0.26| 0.0-2.9 | 2.0-4.0 | .32 |  | 9-60 | 0-85| 0-73| 18-35|1.20-1.40| 1.40-14.00 |0.17-0.22| 0.0-2.9 | 0.5-0.9 | .37 |  | 60-65 | 20-85| 0-73| 0-35|1.20-1.40| 1.40-42.00 |0.12-0.18| 0.0-2.9 | 0.3-0.8 | .32 |  | | | | | | | | | | | MzC: | | | | | | | | | | |  Mertz----------------| 0-1 | 0-0 | --- | --- |0.05-0.20|42.00-141.00|0.00-0.03| --- | 52-86 | --- |  | 1-2 | 0-50| --- | --- |0.10-0.20| 2.00-141.00|0.03-0.08| --- | 48-84 | --- |  | 2-5 | 0-50| 50-83| 10-25|1.20-1.40| 4.00-14.00 |0.10-0.15| 0.0-2.9 | 2.0-5.0 | .28 |  | 5-56 | 0-50| 31-83| 20-40|1.40-1.60| 1.40-4.00 |0.07-0.12| 0.0-2.9 | 0.0-0.5 | .17 | 

 | 56-65 | 0-50| 50-83| 20-40|1.40-1.60| 1.40-4.00 |0.07-0.12| 0.0-2.9 | 0.0-0.5 | .17 |  | | | | | | | | | | | 
716

Table 17.--Physical Properties of the Soils--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | | | | | | |Erosion  Map symbol | | | | | Moist | Saturated |Available| Linear | Organic |_______ and soil name | Depth | Sand | Silt | Clay | bulk | hydraulic | water |extensi- | matter | |  | | | | | density |conductivity|capacity | bility | | Kw | ______________________|_______|______|______|______|_________|____________|_________|_________|_________|_____|_ | In | Pct | Pct | Pct | g/cc | um/sec | In/in | Pct | Pct | |  | | | | | | | | | | | MzE: | | | | | | | | | | |  Mertz----------------| 0-1 | 0-0 | --- | --- |0.05-0.20|42.00-141.00|0.00-0.03| --- | 52-86 | --- |  | 1-2 | 0-50| --- | --- |0.10-0.20| 2.00-141.00|0.03-0.08| --- | 48-84 | --- |  | 2-5 | 0-50| 50-83| 10-25|1.20-1.40| 4.00-14.00 |0.10-0.15| 0.0-2.9 | 2.0-5.0 | .28 |  | 5-56 | 0-50| 31-83| 20-40|1.40-1.60| 1.40-4.00 |0.07-0.12| 0.0-2.9 | 0.0-0.5 | .17 |  | 56-65 | 0-50| 50-83| 20-40|1.40-1.60| 1.40-4.00 |0.07-0.12| 0.0-2.9 | 0.0-0.5 | .17 |  | | | | | | | | | | | No: | | | | | | | | | | |  Nolin----------------| 0-5 | 0-52| 28-83| 10-25|1.20-1.40| 4.00-14.00 |0.14-0.18| 0.0-2.9 | 2.0-4.0 | .37 |  | 5-65 | 0-50| 50-83| 18-35|1.25-1.50| 4.00-14.00 |0.18-0.23| 0.0-2.9 | 0.3-2.0 | .43 |  | | | | | | | | | | | Ph: | | | | | | | | | | |  Philo----------------| 0-8 | 0-50| 50-88| 0-27|1.20-1.80| 4.00-14.00 |0.14-0.20| 0.0-2.9 | 2.0-4.0 | .37 |  | 8-38 | 0-52| 28-88| 0-27|1.20-1.80| 4.00-14.00 |0.10-0.20| 0.0-2.9 | 0.0-1.0 | .32 |  | 38-65 | 0- | 0-88| 0-27|1.20-2.00|42.00-141.00|0.03-0.06| 0.0-2.9 | 0.0-0.5 | .17 |  | |100 | | | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | | | Po: | | | | | | | | | | |  Pope-----------------| 0-10 | 43-85| 0-50| 5-15|1.20-1.40|14.00-42.00 |0.10-0.16| 0.0-2.9 | 1.0-4.0 | .28 |  | 10-40 | 43-85| 0-50| 5-18|1.30-1.60| 4.00-42.00 |0.10-0.18| 0.0-2.9 | 0.4-1.2 | .28 |  | 40-65 | 0- | 0- | 5-20|1.30-1.60| 4.00-42.00 |0.10-0.18| 0.0-2.9 | 0.2-2.0 | .28 |  | |100 |100 | | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | | | Pt: | | | | | | | | | | |  Potomac--------------| 0-6 | 43-85| 0-50| 0-20|1.20-1.40| 4.00-42.00 |0.10-0.14| 0.0-2.9 | 0.5-4.0 | .24 |  | 6-65 | 43- | 0-90| 0-20|1.30-1.60|42.00-141.00|0.03-0.06| 0.0-2.9 | 0.2-1.0 | .17 |  | |100 | | | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | | | PuA: | | | | | | | | | | |  Purdy----------------| 0-8 | 0-50| 50-88| 0-27|1.30-1.50| 1.40-4.00 |0.18-0.24| 3.0-5.9 | 1.0-4.0 | .43 |  | 8-30 | 0-45| 15-73| 27- |1.30-1.60| 0.42-1.40 |0.12-0.18| 3.0-5.9 | 0.1-0.3 | .32 |  | | | |100 | | | | | | |  | 30-65 | 0-20| 30-70| 27-60|1.30-1.60| 0.42-1.40 |0.10-0.16| 3.0-5.9 | 0.1-0.2 | .32 |  | | | | | | | | | | | Qu: | | | | | | | | | | |  Quarry---------------| 0-10 | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |  | | | | | | | | | | | Se: | | | | | | | | | | |  Sensabaugh-----------| 0-6 | 23-52| 28-50| 7-27|1.25-1.40| 4.00-42.00 |0.12-0.18| 0.0-2.9 | 1.0-4.0 | .24 |  | 6-25 | 0-52| 28-88| 0-27|1.30-1.50| 4.00-42.00 |0.10-0.16| 0.0-2.9 | 0.5-3.0 | .20 |  | 25-33 | 0-80| 0-88| 0-40|1.30-1.50| 4.00-42.00 |0.10-0.15| 0.0-2.9 | 0.2-2.0 | .17 |  | 33-65 | 0-80| 0-88| 0-40|1.25-1.50| 4.00-42.00 |0.08-0.14| 0.0-2.9 | 0.2-2.0 | .17 | 

 | | | | | | | | | | | 
717

Table 17.--Physical Properties of the Soils--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | | | | | | |Erosion  Map symbol | | | | | Moist | Saturated |Available| Linear | Organic |_______ and soil name | Depth | Sand | Silt | Clay | bulk | hydraulic | water |extensi- | matter | |  | | | | | density |conductivity|capacity | bility | | Kw | ______________________|_______|______|______|______|_________|____________|_________|_________|_________|_____|_ | In | Pct | Pct | Pct | g/cc | um/sec | In/in | Pct | Pct | |  | | | | | | | | | | | SfB: | | | | | | | | | | |  Shouns---------------| 0-1 | 0-0 | --- | --- |0.05-0.20|42.00-141.00|0.00-0.03| --- | 52-86 | --- |  | 1-2 | 0-50| --- | --- |0.10-0.20|42.00-141.00|0.03-0.08| --- | 49-84 | --- |  | 2-4 | 0-50| 50-88| 0-27|1.35-1.50| 4.00-14.00 |0.13-0.20| 0.0-2.9 | 1.0-10 | .32 |  | 4-8 | 0-50| 50-88| 0-27|1.35-1.50| 4.00-14.00 |0.12-0.20| 0.0-2.9 | 0.0-3.5 | .28 |  | 8-54 | 0-50| 15-88| 0-40|1.40-1.60| 4.00-14.00 |0.12-0.18| 0.0-2.9 | 0.0-1.0 | .28 |  | 54-65 | 0-45| 15-73| 27-40|1.40-1.60| 4.00-14.00 |0.09-0.15| 0.0-2.9 | 0.0-0.5 | .28 |  | | | | | | | | | | | SfC: | | | | | | | | | | |  Shouns---------------| 0-1 | 0-0 | --- | --- |0.05-0.20|42.00-141.00|0.00-0.03| --- | 52-86 | --- |  | 1-2 | 0-50| --- | --- |0.10-0.20|42.00-141.00|0.03-0.08| --- | 49-84 | --- |  | 2-4 | 0-50| 50-88| 0-27|1.35-1.50| 4.00-14.00 |0.13-0.20| 0.0-2.9 | 1.0-10 | .32 |  | 4-8 | 0-50| 50-88| 0-27|1.35-1.50| 4.00-14.00 |0.12-0.20| 0.0-2.9 | 0.0-3.5 | .28 |  | 8-54 | 0-50| 15-88| 0-40|1.40-1.60| 4.00-14.00 |0.12-0.18| 0.0-2.9 | 0.0-1.0 | .28 |  | 54-65 | 0-45| 15-73| 27-40|1.40-1.60| 4.00-14.00 |0.09-0.15| 0.0-2.9 | 0.0-0.5 | .28 |  | | | | | | | | | | | ShC: | | | | | | | | | | |  Shouns---------------| 0-1 | 0-0 | --- | --- |0.05-0.20|42.00-141.00|0.00-0.03| --- | 52-86 | --- |  | 1-2 | 0-50| --- | --- |0.10-0.20|42.00-141.00|0.03-0.08| --- | 49-84 | --- |  | 2-4 | 0-50| 50-88| 0-27|1.35-1.50| 4.00-14.00 |0.13-0.20| 0.0-2.9 | 1.0-10 | .32 |  | 4-8 | 0-50| 50-88| 0-27|1.35-1.50| 4.00-14.00 |0.12-0.20| 0.0-2.9 | 0.0-3.5 | .28 |  | 8-54 | 0-50| 15-88| 0-40|1.40-1.60| 4.00-14.00 |0.12-0.18| 0.0-2.9 | 0.0-1.0 | .28 |  | 54-65 | 0-45| 15-73| 27-40|1.40-1.60| 4.00-14.00 |0.09-0.15| 0.0-2.9 | 0.0-0.5 | .28 |  | | | | | | | | | | | ShE: | | | | | | | | | | |  Shouns---------------| 0-1 | 0-0 | --- | --- |0.05-0.20|42.00-141.00|0.00-0.03| --- | 52-86 | --- |  | 1-2 | 0-50| --- | --- |0.10-0.20|42.00-141.00|0.03-0.08| --- | 49-84 | --- |  | 2-4 | 0-50| 50-88| 0-27|1.35-1.50| 4.00-14.00 |0.13-0.20| 0.0-2.9 | 1.0-10 | .32 |  | 4-8 | 0-50| 50-88| 0-27|1.35-1.50| 4.00-14.00 |0.12-0.20| 0.0-2.9 | 0.0-3.5 | .28 |  | 8-54 | 0-50| 15-88| 0-40|1.40-1.60| 4.00-14.00 |0.12-0.18| 0.0-2.9 | 0.0-1.0 | .28 |  | 54-65 | 0-45| 15-73| 27-40|1.40-1.60| 4.00-14.00 |0.09-0.15| 0.0-2.9 | 0.0-0.5 | .28 |  | | | | | | | | | | | ShF: | | | | | | | | | | |  Shouns---------------| 0-1 | 0-0 | --- | --- |0.05-0.20|42.00-141.00|0.00-0.03| --- | 52-86 | --- |  | 1-2 | 0-50| --- | --- |0.10-0.20|42.00-141.00|0.03-0.08| --- | 49-84 | --- |  | 2-4 | 0-50| 50-88| 0-27|1.35-1.50| 4.00-14.00 |0.13-0.20| 0.0-2.9 | 1.0-10 | .32 |  | 4-8 | 0-50| 50-88| 0-27|1.35-1.50| 4.00-14.00 |0.12-0.20| 0.0-2.9 | 0.0-3.5 | .28 |  | 8-54 | 0-50| 15-88| 0-40|1.40-1.60| 4.00-14.00 |0.12-0.18| 0.0-2.9 | 0.0-1.0 | .28 |  | 54-65 | 0-45| 15-73| 27-40|1.40-1.60| 4.00-14.00 |0.09-0.15| 0.0-2.9 | 0.0-0.5 | .28 | SmC: | | | | | | | | | | |  Simoda---------------| 0-1 | 0-0 | --- | --- |0.05-0.20|42.00-141.00|0.00-0.03| --- | 52-86 | --- |  | 1-2 | 0-50| --- | --- |0.10-0.20|42.00-141.00|0.03-0.08| --- | 49-84 | --- | 

 | 2-4 | 0-50| 50-88| 0-27|1.20-1.50| 4.00-14.00 |0.10-0.14| 0.0-2.9 | 1.0-4.0 | .17 |  | 4-29 | 0-52| 28-88| 0-40|1.20-1.50| 4.00-14.00 |0.12-0.16| 0.0-2.9 | 0.5-1.0 | .24 |  | 29-40 | 0-85| 0-88| 0-40|1.40-1.70| 0.42-1.40 |0.08-0.12| 0.0-2.9 | 0.1-0.7 | .24 |  | 40-48 | 0-52| 28-88| 0-40|1.20-1.50| 1.40-4.00 |0.08-0.12| 0.0-2.9 | 0.1-0.5 | .24 |  | >48 | --- | --- | --- | --- | 0.00-1.40 | --- | --- | --- | --- | 
718

Table 17.--Physical Properties of the Soils--Continued

_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ | | | | | | | | | |Erosion  Map symbol | | | | | Moist | Saturated |Available| Linear | Organic |________ and soil name | Depth | Sand | Silt | Clay | bulk | hydraulic | water |extensi- | matter | |  | | | | | density |conductivity|capacity | bility | | Kw | K______________________|_______|______|______|______|_________|____________|_________|_________|_________|_____|__ | In | Pct | Pct | Pct | g/cc | um/sec | In/in | Pct | Pct | |  | | | | | | | | | | | SoC: | | | | | | | | | | |  Snowdog--------------| 0-1 | 0-0 | --- | --- |0.05-0.20|42.00-141.00|0.00-0.03| --- | 52-86 | --- | - | 1-2 | 0-50| --- | --- |0.10-0.20|42.00-141.00|0.03-0.08| --- | 49-84 | --- | - | 2-4 | 0-50| 50-88| 0-27|1.20-1.50| 4.00-14.00 |0.12-0.16| 0.0-2.9 | 1.0-80 | .20 | . | 4-18 | 0-52| 28-88| 0-27|1.20-1.80| 4.00-14.00 |0.12-0.16| 0.0-2.9 | 0.5-18 | .24 | . | 18-42 | 23-85| 0-50| 0-27|1.40-2.00| 0.42-4.00 |0.08-0.12| 0.0-2.9 | 0.4-1.5 | .24 | . | 42-67 | 0-85| 0-88| 0-27|1.20-2.00| 4.00-42.00 |0.08-0.12| 0.0-2.9 | 0.4-1.5 | .17 | . | | | | | | | | | | | SoE: | | | | | | | | | | |  Snowdog--------------| 0-1 | 0-0 | --- | --- |0.05-0.20|42.00-141.00|0.00-0.03| --- | 52-86 | --- | - | 1-2 | 0-50| --- | --- |0.10-0.20|42.00-141.00|0.03-0.08| --- | 49-84 | --- | - | 2-4 | 0-50| 50-88| 0-27|1.20-1.50| 4.00-14.00 |0.12-0.16| 0.0-2.9 | 1.0-80 | .20 | . | 4-18 | 0-52| 28-88| 0-27|1.20-1.80| 4.00-14.00 |0.12-0.16| 0.0-2.9 | 0.5-18 | .24 | . | 18-42 | 23-85| 0-50| 0-27|1.40-2.00| 0.42-4.00 |0.08-0.12| 0.0-2.9 | 0.4-1.5 | .24 | . | 42-67 | 0-85| 0-88| 0-27|1.20-2.00| 4.00-42.00 |0.08-0.12| 0.0-2.9 | 0.4-1.5 | .17 | . | | | | | | | | | | | SoF: | | | | | | | | | | |  Snowdog--------------| 0-1 | 0-0 | --- | --- |0.05-0.20|42.00-141.00|0.00-0.03| --- | 52-86 | --- | - | 1-2 | 0-50| --- | --- |0.10-0.20|42.00-141.00|0.03-0.08| --- | 49-84 | --- | - | 2-4 | 0-50| 50-88| 0-27|1.20-1.50| 4.00-14.00 |0.12-0.16| 0.0-2.9 | 1.0-80 | .20 | . | 4-18 | 0-52| 28-88| 0-27|1.20-1.80| 4.00-14.00 |0.12-0.16| 0.0-2.9 | 0.5-18 | .24 | . | 18-42 | 23-85| 0-50| 0-27|1.40-2.00| 0.42-4.00 |0.08-0.12| 0.0-2.9 | 0.4-1.5 | .24 | . | 42-67 | 0-85| 0-88| 0-27|1.20-2.00| 4.00-42.00 |0.08-0.12| 0.0-2.9 | 0.4-1.5 | .17 | . | | | | | | | | | | | SvC: | | | | | | | | | | |  Summers--------------| 0-1 | 0-0 | --- | --- |0.05-0.20|42.00-141.00|0.00-0.03| --- | 52-86 | --- | - | 1-2 | 23-85| --- | --- |0.10-0.20|42.00-141.00|0.03-0.08| --- | 48-84 | --- | - | 2-3 | 23-85| 0-50| 10-20|0.15-0.35|42.00-141.00|0.15-0.45| --- | 35-70 | --- | - | 3-13 | 23-85| 0-50| 10-20|1.20-1.40|14.00-141.00|0.09-0.14| 0.0-2.9 | 2.0-10 | .20 | . | 13-28 | 23-85| 0-50| 8-18|1.20-1.50|14.00-42.00 |0.09-0.14| 0.0-2.9 | 0.2-1.5 | .20 | . | 28-30 | 23-85| 0-50| 7-15|1.20-1.50|14.00-42.00 |0.06-0.10| 0.0-2.9 | 0.1-1.0 | .20 | . | >30 | --- | --- | --- | --- | 1.40-4.00 | --- | --- | --- | --- | - | | | | | | | | | | | Tp: | | | | | | | | | | |  Tioga----------------| 0-1 | 0-0 | --- | --- |0.05-0.20|42.00-141.00|0.00-0.03| --- | 52-86 | --- | - | 1-8 | 43-85| 0-50| 0-20|1.15-1.40| 4.00-42.00 |0.15-0.21| 0.0-2.9 | 2.0-6.0 | .37 | . | 8-29 | --- | --- | 0-20|1.15-1.45| 4.00-42.00 |0.07-0.20| 0.0-2.9 | 0.0-1.0 | .28 | . | 29-65 | --- | --- | 0-20|1.25-1.55| 4.00-141.00|0.02-0.20| 0.0-2.9 | 0.0-1.0 | .28 | . | | | | | | | | | | |  Potomac--------------| 0-6 | 43-85| 0-50| 0-20|1.20-1.40| 4.00-42.00 |0.10-0.14| 0.0-2.9 | 0.5-4.0 | .24 | . | 6-65 | 43- | 0-90| 0-20|1.30-1.60|42.00-141.00|0.03-0.06| 0.0-2.9 | 0.2-1.0 | .17 | . | |100 | | | | | | | | | 

 | | | | | | | | | | | 
719

Table 17.--Physical Properties of the Soils--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | | | | | | |Erosion  Map symbol | | | | | Moist | Saturated |Available| Linear | Organic |_______ and soil name | Depth | Sand | Silt | Clay | bulk | hydraulic | water |extensi- | matter | |  | | | | | density |conductivity|capacity | bility | | Kw | ______________________|_______|______|______|______|_________|____________|_________|_________|_________|_____|_ | In | Pct | Pct | Pct | g/cc | um/sec | In/in | Pct | Pct | |  | | | | | | | | | | | TrC: | | | | | | | | | | |  Trussel--------------| 0-2 | --- | --- | --- |0.10-0.20|42.00-141.00|0.03-0.08| --- | 52-86 | --- |  | 2-8 | --- | --- | 7-25|1.20-1.50| 4.00-14.00 |0.10-0.17| 0.0-2.9 | 1.0-16 | .20 |  | 8-20 | --- | --- | 18-35|1.30-1.50| 4.00-14.00 |0.09-0.17| 0.0-2.9 | 1.0-8.0 | .28 |  | 20-37 | --- | --- | 18-27|1.40-1.70| 0.42-4.00 |0.09-0.13| 0.0-2.9 | 0.5-4.0 | .24 |  | 37-65 | --- | --- | 18-27|1.30-1.60| 4.00-14.00 |0.10-0.14| 0.0-2.9 | 0.5-4.0 | .24 |  | | | | | | | | | | | Uf: | | | | | | | | | | |  Udifluvents----------| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |  | | | | | | | | | | |  Fluvaquents----------| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |  | | | | | | | | | | | Ux: | | | | | | | | | | |  Udorthents-----------| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |  | | | | | | | | | | |  Rock outcrop---------| 0-10 | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |  | | | | | | | | | | | WeC: | | | | | | | | | | |  Weikert--------------| 0-1 | 0-0 | --- | --- |0.05-0.20|42.00-141.00|0.00-0.03| --- | 52-86 | --- |  | 1-7 | 0-52| 28-88| 0-27|1.00-1.40|14.00-42.00 |0.08-0.14| 0.0-2.9 | 1.0-5.0 | .28 |  | 7-16 | 0-52| 28-88| 0-27|1.20-1.80|14.00-42.00 |0.04-0.08| 0.0-2.9 | 0.2-0.9 | .28 |  | >16 | --- | --- | --- | --- | 4.00-141.00| --- | --- | --- | --- |  | | | | | | | | | | | WeD: | | | | | | | | | | |  Weikert--------------| 0-1 | 0-0 | --- | --- |0.05-0.20|42.00-141.00|0.00-0.03| --- | 52-86 | --- |  | 1-7 | 0-52| 28-88| 0-27|1.00-1.40|14.00-42.00 |0.08-0.14| 0.0-2.9 | 1.0-5.0 | .28 |  | 7-16 | 0-52| 28-88| 0-27|1.20-1.80|14.00-42.00 |0.04-0.08| 0.0-2.9 | 0.2-0.9 | .28 |  | >16 | --- | --- | --- | --- | 4.00-141.00| --- | --- | --- | --- |  | | | | | | | | | | | WeF: | | | | | | | | | | |  Weikert--------------| 0-1 | 0-0 | --- | --- |0.05-0.20|42.00-141.00|0.00-0.03| --- | 52-86 | --- |  | 1-7 | 0-52| 28-88| 0-27|1.00-1.40|14.00-42.00 |0.08-0.14| 0.0-2.9 | 1.0-5.0 | .28 |  | 7-16 | 0-52| 28-88| 0-27|1.20-1.80|14.00-42.00 |0.04-0.08| 0.0-2.9 | 0.2-0.9 | .28 |  | >16 | --- | --- | --- | --- | 4.00-141.00| --- | --- | --- | --- |  | | | | | | | | | | | WrG: | | | | | | | | | | |  Weikert--------------| 0-1 | 0-0 | --- | --- |0.05-0.20|42.00-141.00|0.00-0.03| --- | 52-86 | --- |  | 1-7 | 0-52| 28-88| 0-27|1.00-1.40|14.00-42.00 |0.08-0.14| 0.0-2.9 | 1.0-5.0 | .28 |  | 7-16 | 0-52| 28-88| 0-27|1.20-1.80|14.00-42.00 |0.04-0.08| 0.0-2.9 | 0.2-0.9 | .28 |  | >16 | --- | --- | --- | --- | 4.00-141.00| --- | --- | --- | --- |  | | | | | | | | | | | 
720

Table 17.--Physical Properties of the Soils--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | | | | | | |Erosion  Map symbol | | | | | Moist | Saturated |Available| Linear | Organic |_______ and soil name | Depth | Sand | Silt | Clay | bulk | hydraulic | water |extensi- | matter | |  | | | | | density |conductivity|capacity | bility | | Kw | ______________________|_______|______|______|______|_________|____________|_________|_________|_________|_____|_ | In | Pct | Pct | Pct | g/cc | um/sec | In/in | Pct | Pct | |  | | | | | | | | | | | WrG: | | | | | | | | | | |  Berks----------------| 0-1 | 0-0 | --- | --- |0.02-0.20|42.00-141.00|0.55-0.65| --- | 30-50 | --- |  | 1-3 | --- | --- | 7-27|0.80-1.50| 4.00-42.00 |0.08-0.12| 0.0-2.9 | 2.0-16 | .17 |  | 3-6 | --- | --- | 7-27|0.90-1.50| 4.00-42.00 |0.08-0.12| 0.0-2.9 | 2.0-5.0 | .17 |  | 6-12 | --- | --- | 5-32|1.20-1.60| 4.00-42.00 |0.04-0.10| 0.0-2.9 | 0.2-2.0 | .17 |  | 12-23 | --- | --- | 5-32|1.20-1.60| 4.00-42.00 |0.04-0.10| 0.0-2.9 | 0.1-1.5 | .17 |  | 23-30 | --- | --- | 5-32|1.20-1.60|14.00-42.00 |0.04-0.10| 0.0-2.9 | 0.1-1.5 | .17 |  | 30-33 | --- | --- | --- | --- | 1.40-14.00 | --- | --- | --- | --- |  | | | | | | | | | | |  Rough----------------| 0-2 | 0-50| 50-88| 0-27|1.20-1.40|14.00-141.00|0.04-0.10| 0.0-2.9 | 0.5-2.0 | .20 |  | 2-4 | 0-50| 28-88| 0-27|1.20-1.40|14.00-141.00|0.04-0.09| 0.0-2.9 | 0.0-1.0 | .15 |  | 4-7 | 0-50| 28-88| 0-27|1.20-1.40|14.00-141.00|0.02-0.09| 0.0-2.9 | 0.0-0.5 | .10 |  | >7 | --- | --- | --- | --- | 0.00-1.40 | --- | --- | --- | --- |  | | | | | | | | | | | ZoA: | | | | | | | | | | |  Zoar-----------------| 0-9 | 0-50| 50-88| 0-27|1.20-1.40| 4.00-14.00 |0.15-0.18| 0.0-2.9 | 1.0-5.0 | .43 |  | 9-43 | 0-20| 40-73| 7-40|1.30-1.60| 0.42-4.00 |0.12-0.15| 3.0-5.9 | 0.5-1.2 | .32 |  | 43-65 | 0-45| 15-73| 27- |1.40-1.70| 0.42-1.40 |0.08-0.12| 3.0-5.9 | 0.1-0.4 | .32 |  | | | |100 | | | | | | | ______________________|_______|______|______|______|_________|____________|_________|_________|_________|_____|_
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

721

Table 18.--Chemical Properties of the Soils

(Absence of an entry indicates that data were not estimated.)

_____________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 Map symbol | Depth | Cation |Effective| Soil

 and soil name | |exchange | cation |reaction

 | |capacity |exchange |

 | | |capacity |

______________________|________|_________|_________|_________

 | Inches |meq/100 g|meq/100 g| pH

 | | | |

AlB: | | | |

 Allegheny------------| 0-1 | 40-125 | 5.0-60 | 3.8-4.7

 | 1-2 | 45-135 | 10-75 | 3.8-4.6

 | 2-3 | 60-160 | 20-80 | 3.5-4.7

 | 3-10 | --- | 1.1-5.1 | 3.6-5.5

 | 10-49 | --- | 0.0-8.1 | 3.6-5.5

 | 49-65 | --- | 0.0-8.1 | 3.6-5.5

 | | | |

AlC: | | | |

 Allegheny------------| 0-1 | 40-125 | 5.0-60 | 3.8-4.7

 | 1-2 | 45-135 | 10-75 | 3.8-4.6

 | 2-3 | 60-160 | 20-80 | 3.5-4.7

 | 3-10 | --- | 1.1-5.1 | 3.6-5.5

 | 10-49 | --- | 0.0-8.1 | 3.6-5.5

 | 49-65 | --- | 0.0-8.1 | 3.6-5.5

 | | | |

An: | | | |

 Atkins---------------| 0-4 | --- | 4.1-6.9 | 4.5-5.5

 | 4-29 | --- | 4.6-11 | 4.5-5.5

 | 29-65 | --- | 2.7-12 | 4.5-5.5

 | | | |

 Philo----------------| 0-8 | 9.0-18 | 5.0-14 | 4.5-6.0

 | 8-38 | 9.0-18 | 0.0-8.0 | 4.5-6.0

 | 38-65 | 3.0-15 | 0.0-7.0 | 4.5-6.0

 | | | |

 Potomac--------------| 0-6 | 4.0-10 | 2.0-7.0 | 5.1-7.8

 | 6-65 | 2.0-6.0 | 0.5-4.0 | 5.1-7.8

 | | | |

BaE: | | | |

 Belmont--------------| 0-2 | 60-125 | 60-94 | 3.6-4.5

 | 2-5 | 0.0-15 | --- | 5.1-6.5

 | 5-8 | 0.0-15 | --- | 5.1-6.5

 | 8-14 | 0.0-21 | --- | 5.1-6.5

 | 14-25 | 0.0-21 | --- | 5.1-6.5

 | 25-37 | 14-31 | --- | 5.6-7.3

 | 37-53 | 11-31 | --- | 5.6-7.8

 | >53 | --- | --- | ---

 | | | |

BcC: | | | |

 Berks----------------| 0-1 | 60-125 | 50-94 | 3.6-4.5

 | 1-3 | --- | --- | 3.6-6.5

 | 3-6 | --- | 1.0-6.4 | 3.6-6.5

 | 6-12 | --- | 1.1-12 | 3.6-6.5

 | 12-23 | --- | 1.2-13 | 3.6-6.5

 | 23-30 | --- | 1.2-13 | 3.6-6.5

 | 30-33 | --- | --- | ---

 | | | |

BcE: | | | |

 Berks----------------| 0-1 | 60-125 | 50-94 | 3.6-4.5

 | 1-3 | --- | --- | 3.6-6.5

 | 3-6 | --- | 1.0-6.4 | 3.6-6.5

 | 6-12 | --- | 1.1-12 | 3.6-6.5

 | 12-23 | --- | 1.2-13 | 3.6-6.5

 | 23-30 | --- | 1.2-13 | 3.6-6.5

 | 30-33 | --- | --- | ---

 | | | |
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

722

Table 18.--Chemical Properties of the Soils--Continued

_____________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 Map symbol | Depth | Cation |Effective| Soil

 and soil name | |exchange | cation |reaction

 | |capacity |exchange |

 | | |capacity |

______________________|________|_________|_________|_________

 | Inches |meq/100 g|meq/100 g| pH

 | | | |

BcF: | | | |

 Berks----------------| 0-1 | 60-125 | 50-94 | 3.6-4.5

 | 1-3 | --- | --- | 3.6-6.5

 | 3-6 | --- | 1.0-6.4 | 3.6-6.5

 | 6-12 | --- | 1.1-12 | 3.6-6.5

 | 12-23 | --- | 1.2-13 | 3.6-6.5

 | 23-30 | --- | 1.2-13 | 3.6-6.5

 | 30-33 | --- | --- | ---

 | | | |

BkG: | | | |

 Berks----------------| 0-1 | 60-125 | 50-94 | 3.6-4.5

 | 1-3 | --- | --- | 3.6-6.5

 | 3-6 | --- | 1.0-6.4 | 3.6-6.5

 | 6-12 | --- | 1.1-12 | 3.6-6.5

 | 12-23 | --- | 1.2-13 | 3.6-6.5

 | 23-30 | --- | 1.2-13 | 3.6-6.5

 | 30-33 | --- | --- | ---

 | | | |

 Weikert--------------| 0-1 | 45-125 | 5.0-60 | 3.8-4.7

 | 1-7 | 12-19 | 5.0-20 | 4.5-5.5

 | 7-16 | 7.0-15 | 3.0-15 | 3.6-5.5

 | >16 | --- | --- | ---

 | | | |

 Calvin---------------| 0-1 | 40-125 | 5.0-60 | 3.8-4.7

 | 1-5 | 16-23 | 2.2-7.1 | 4.5-6.0

 | 5-28 | 9.0-13 | 4.6-15 | 4.5-6.0

 | 28-40 | 7.0-11 | 4.6-15 | 4.5-6.0

 | 40-44 | --- | --- | ---

 | | | |

BlC: | | | |

 Berks----------------| 0-1 | 60-125 | 50-94 | 3.6-4.5

 | 1-3 | --- | --- | 3.6-6.5

 | 3-6 | --- | 1.0-6.4 | 3.6-6.5

 | 6-12 | --- | 1.1-12 | 3.6-6.5

 | 12-23 | --- | 1.2-13 | 3.6-6.5

 | 23-30 | --- | 1.2-13 | 3.6-6.5

 | 30-33 | --- | --- | ---

 | | | |

 Dekalb---------------| 0-1 | 80-125 | 60-94 | 3.6-4.5

 | 1-2 | 9.0-18 | 3.0-18 | 3.6-6.5

 | 2-4 | 9.0-18 | 3.0-18 | 3.6-6.5

 | 4-8 | 9.0-18 | 3.0-18 | 3.6-6.5

 | 8-15 | 3.0-7.0 | 1.0-10 | 3.6-5.5

 | 15-23 | 3.0-7.0 | 1.0-10 | 3.6-5.5

 | 23-34 | 3.0-8.0 | 2.0-10 | 3.6-5.5

 | >34 | --- | --- | ---

 | | | |

BlE: | | | |

 Berks----------------| 0-1 | 60-125 | 50-94 | 3.6-4.5

 | 1-3 | --- | --- | 3.6-6.5

 | 3-6 | --- | 1.0-6.4 | 3.6-6.5

 | 6-12 | --- | 1.1-12 | 3.6-6.5

 | 12-23 | --- | 1.2-13 | 3.6-6.5

 | 23-30 | --- | 1.2-13 | 3.6-6.5

 | 30-33 | --- | --- | ---

 | | | |
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

723

Table 18.--Chemical Properties of the Soils--Continued

_____________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 Map symbol | Depth | Cation |Effective| Soil

 and soil name | |exchange | cation |reaction

 | |capacity |exchange |

 | | |capacity |

______________________|________|_________|_________|_________

 | Inches |meq/100 g|meq/100 g| pH

 | | | |

BlE: | | | |

 Dekalb---------------| 0-1 | 80-125 | 60-94 | 3.6-4.5

 | 1-2 | 9.0-18 | 3.0-18 | 3.6-6.5

 | 2-4 | 9.0-18 | 3.0-18 | 3.6-6.5

 | 4-8 | 9.0-18 | 3.0-18 | 3.6-6.5

 | 8-15 | 3.0-7.0 | 1.0-10 | 3.6-5.5

 | 15-23 | 3.0-7.0 | 1.0-10 | 3.6-5.5

 | 23-34 | 3.0-8.0 | 2.0-10 | 3.6-5.5

 | >34 | --- | --- | ---

 | | | |

BlF: | | | |

 Berks----------------| 0-1 | 60-125 | 50-94 | 3.6-4.5

 | 1-3 | --- | --- | 3.6-6.5

 | 3-6 | --- | 1.0-6.4 | 3.6-6.5

 | 6-12 | --- | 1.1-12 | 3.6-6.5

 | 12-23 | --- | 1.2-13 | 3.6-6.5

 | 23-30 | --- | 1.2-13 | 3.6-6.5

 | 30-33 | --- | --- | ---

 | | | |

 Dekalb---------------| 0-1 | 80-125 | 60-94 | 3.6-4.5

 | 1-2 | 9.0-18 | 3.0-18 | 3.6-6.5

 | 2-4 | 9.0-18 | 3.0-18 | 3.6-6.5

 | 4-8 | 9.0-18 | 3.0-18 | 3.6-6.5

 | 8-15 | 3.0-7.0 | 1.0-10 | 3.6-5.5

 | 15-23 | 3.0-7.0 | 1.0-10 | 3.6-5.5

 | 23-34 | 3.0-8.0 | 2.0-10 | 3.6-5.5

 | >34 | --- | --- | ---

 | | | |

BrE: | | | |

 Berks----------------| 0-1 | 60-125 | 50-94 | 3.6-4.5

 | 1-3 | --- | --- | 3.6-6.5

 | 3-6 | --- | 1.0-6.4 | 3.6-6.5

 | 6-12 | --- | 1.1-12 | 3.6-6.5

 | 12-23 | --- | 1.2-13 | 3.6-6.5

 | 23-30 | --- | 1.2-13 | 3.6-6.5

 | 30-33 | --- | --- | ---

 | | | |

 Weikert--------------| 0-1 | 45-125 | 5.0-60 | 3.8-4.7

 | 1-7 | 12-19 | 5.0-20 | 4.5-5.5

 | 7-16 | 7.0-15 | 3.0-15 | 3.6-5.5

 | >16 | --- | --- | ---

 | | | |

BrF: | | | |

 Berks----------------| 0-1 | 60-125 | 50-94 | 3.6-4.5

 | 1-3 | --- | --- | 3.6-6.5

 | 3-6 | --- | 1.0-6.4 | 3.6-6.5

 | 6-12 | --- | 1.1-12 | 3.6-6.5

 | 12-23 | --- | 1.2-13 | 3.6-6.5

 | 23-30 | --- | 1.2-13 | 3.6-6.5

 | 30-33 | --- | --- | ---

 | | | |

 Weikert--------------| 0-1 | 45-125 | 5.0-60 | 3.8-4.7

 | 1-7 | 12-19 | 5.0-20 | 4.5-5.5

 | 7-16 | 7.0-15 | 3.0-15 | 3.6-5.5

 | >16 | --- | --- | ---

 | | | |

BtC: | | | |

 Blackthorn-----------| 0-1 | 40-125 | 5.0-60 | 3.8-4.7

 | 1-6 | --- | 1.1-4.9 | 4.5-6.0

 | 6-44 | --- | 1.2-8.0 | 4.5-6.0

 | 44-65 | --- | 5.3-13 | 4.5-5.5

 | | | |
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

724

Table 18.--Chemical Properties of the Soils--Continued

_____________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 Map symbol | Depth | Cation |Effective| Soil

 and soil name | |exchange | cation |reaction

 | |capacity |exchange |

 | | |capacity |

______________________|________|_________|_________|_________

 | Inches |meq/100 g|meq/100 g| pH

 | | | |

BtE: | | | |

 Blackthorn-----------| 0-1 | 40-125 | 5.0-60 | 3.8-4.7

 | 1-6 | --- | 1.1-4.9 | 4.5-6.0

 | 6-44 | --- | 1.2-8.0 | 4.5-6.0

 | 44-65 | --- | 5.3-13 | 4.5-5.5

 | | | |

BxF: | | | |

 Briery---------------| 0-2 | 9.1-15 | --- | 5.1-7.8

 | 2-65 | 9.1-17 | --- | 5.1-7.8

 | | | |

 Rock outcrop---------| 0-10 | --- | --- | ---

 | | | |

CbC: | | | |

 Calvin---------------| 0-1 | 40-125 | 5.0-60 | 3.8-4.7

 | 1-5 | 16-23 | 2.2-7.1 | 4.5-6.0

 | 5-28 | 9.0-13 | 4.6-15 | 4.5-6.0

 | 28-40 | 7.0-11 | 4.6-15 | 4.5-6.0

 | 40-44 | --- | --- | ---

 | | | |

 Dekalb---------------| 0-1 | 80-125 | 60-94 | 3.6-4.5

 | 1-2 | 9.0-18 | 3.0-18 | 3.6-6.5

 | 2-4 | 9.0-18 | 3.0-18 | 3.6-6.5

 | 4-8 | 9.0-18 | 3.0-18 | 3.6-6.5

 | 8-15 | 3.0-7.0 | 1.0-10 | 3.6-5.5

 | 15-23 | 3.0-7.0 | 1.0-10 | 3.6-5.5

 | 23-34 | 3.0-8.0 | 2.0-10 | 3.6-5.5

 | >34 | --- | --- | ---

 | | | |

 Berks----------------| 0-1 | 60-125 | 50-94 | 3.6-4.5

 | 1-3 | --- | --- | 3.6-6.5

 | 3-6 | --- | 1.0-6.4 | 3.6-6.5

 | 6-12 | --- | 1.1-12 | 3.6-6.5

 | 12-23 | --- | 1.2-13 | 3.6-6.5

 | 23-30 | --- | 1.2-13 | 3.6-6.5

 | 30-33 | --- | --- | ---

 | | | |

CbE: | | | |

 Calvin---------------| 0-1 | 40-125 | 5.0-60 | 3.8-4.7

 | 1-5 | 16-23 | 2.2-7.1 | 4.5-6.0

 | 5-28 | 9.0-13 | 4.6-15 | 4.5-6.0

 | 28-40 | 7.0-11 | 4.6-15 | 4.5-6.0

 | 40-44 | --- | --- | ---

 | | | |

 Dekalb---------------| 0-1 | 80-125 | 60-94 | 3.6-4.5

 | 1-2 | 9.0-18 | 3.0-18 | 3.6-6.5

 | 2-4 | 9.0-18 | 3.0-18 | 3.6-6.5

 | 4-8 | 9.0-18 | 3.0-18 | 3.6-6.5

 | 8-15 | 3.0-7.0 | 1.0-10 | 3.6-5.5

 | 15-23 | 3.0-7.0 | 1.0-10 | 3.6-5.5

 | 23-34 | 3.0-8.0 | 2.0-10 | 3.6-5.5

 | >34 | --- | --- | ---

 | | | |

 Berks----------------| 0-1 | 60-125 | 50-94 | 3.6-4.5

 | 1-3 | --- | --- | 3.6-6.5

 | 3-6 | --- | 1.0-6.4 | 3.6-6.5

 | 6-12 | --- | 1.1-12 | 3.6-6.5

 | 12-23 | --- | 1.2-13 | 3.6-6.5

 | 23-30 | --- | 1.2-13 | 3.6-6.5

 | 30-33 | --- | --- | ---

 | | | |
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

725

Table 18.--Chemical Properties of the Soils--Continued

_____________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 Map symbol | Depth | Cation |Effective| Soil

 and soil name | |exchange | cation |reaction

 | |capacity |exchange |

 | | |capacity |

______________________|________|_________|_________|_________

 | Inches |meq/100 g|meq/100 g| pH

 | | | |

CbF: | | | |

 Calvin---------------| 0-1 | 40-125 | 5.0-60 | 3.8-4.7

 | 1-5 | 16-23 | 2.2-7.1 | 4.5-6.0

 | 5-28 | 9.0-13 | 4.6-15 | 4.5-6.0

 | 28-40 | 7.0-11 | 4.6-15 | 4.5-6.0

 | 40-44 | --- | --- | ---

 | | | |

 Dekalb---------------| 0-1 | 80-125 | 60-94 | 3.6-4.5

 | 1-2 | 9.0-18 | 3.0-18 | 3.6-6.5

 | 2-4 | 9.0-18 | 3.0-18 | 3.6-6.5

 | 4-8 | 9.0-18 | 3.0-18 | 3.6-6.5

 | 8-15 | 3.0-7.0 | 1.0-10 | 3.6-5.5

 | 15-23 | 3.0-7.0 | 1.0-10 | 3.6-5.5

 | 23-34 | 3.0-8.0 | 2.0-10 | 3.6-5.5

 | >34 | --- | --- | ---

 | | | |

 Berks----------------| 0-1 | 60-125 | 50-94 | 3.6-4.5

 | 1-3 | --- | --- | 3.6-6.5

 | 3-6 | --- | 1.0-6.4 | 3.6-6.5

 | 6-12 | --- | 1.1-12 | 3.6-6.5

 | 12-23 | --- | 1.2-13 | 3.6-6.5

 | 23-30 | --- | 1.2-13 | 3.6-6.5

 | 30-33 | --- | --- | ---

 | | | |

CeF: | | | |

 Caneyville-----------| 0-3 | 15-20 | --- | 5.1-7.3

 | 3-10 | 15-25 | --- | 5.1-7.3

 | 10-24 | 18-30 | --- | 5.6-7.8

 | >24 | --- | --- | ---

 | | | |

 Frederick------------| 0-8 | 12-30 | 10-16 | 4.5-6.5

 | 8-29 | 8.0-16 | 6.0-15 | 4.5-7.3

 | 29-80 | 7.0-18 | 6.0-15 | 4.5-7.3

 | | | |

 Rock outcrop---------| 0-10 | --- | --- | ---

 | | | |

CfB: | | | |

 Cateache-------------| 0-1 | 40-125 | 5.0-60 | 3.8-4.7

 | 1-5 | 12-28 | 7.5-13 | 4.5-6.0

 | 5-29 | 8.2-14 | 4.4-7.5 | 4.5-6.0

 | 29-36 | 7.5-13 | 4.4-7.5 | 5.1-6.0

 | 36-37 | --- | --- | ---

 | | | |

CfC: | | | |

 Cateache-------------| 0-1 | 40-125 | 5.0-60 | 3.8-4.7

 | 1-5 | 12-28 | 7.5-13 | 4.5-6.0

 | 5-29 | 8.2-14 | 4.4-7.5 | 4.5-6.0

 | 29-36 | 7.5-13 | 4.4-7.5 | 5.1-6.0

 | 36-37 | --- | --- | ---

 | | | |

CfD: | | | |

 Cateache-------------| 0-1 | 40-125 | 5.0-60 | 3.8-4.7

 | 1-5 | 12-28 | 7.5-13 | 4.5-6.0

 | 5-29 | 8.2-14 | 4.4-7.5 | 4.5-6.0

 | 29-36 | 7.5-13 | 4.4-7.5 | 5.1-6.0

 | 36-37 | --- | --- | ---

 | | | |
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

726

Table 18.--Chemical Properties of the Soils--Continued

_____________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 Map symbol | Depth | Cation |Effective| Soil

 and soil name | |exchange | cation |reaction

 | |capacity |exchange |

 | | |capacity |

______________________|________|_________|_________|_________

 | Inches |meq/100 g|meq/100 g| pH

 | | | |

CfE: | | | |

 Cateache-------------| 0-1 | 40-125 | 5.0-60 | 3.8-4.7

 | 1-5 | 12-28 | 7.5-13 | 4.5-6.0

 | 5-29 | 8.2-14 | 4.4-7.5 | 4.5-6.0

 | 29-36 | 7.5-13 | 4.4-7.5 | 5.1-6.0

 | 36-37 | --- | --- | ---

 | | | |

CfF: | | | |

 Cateache-------------| 0-1 | 40-125 | 5.0-60 | 3.8-4.7

 | 1-5 | 12-28 | 7.5-13 | 4.5-6.0

 | 5-29 | 8.2-14 | 4.4-7.5 | 4.5-6.0

 | 29-36 | 7.5-13 | 4.4-7.5 | 5.1-6.0

 | 36-37 | --- | --- | ---

 | | | |

CgC: | | | |

 Cateache-------------| 0-1 | 40-125 | 5.0-60 | 3.8-4.7

 | 1-5 | 12-28 | 7.5-13 | 4.5-6.0

 | 5-29 | 8.2-14 | 4.4-7.5 | 4.5-6.0

 | 29-36 | 7.5-13 | 4.4-7.5 | 5.1-6.0

 | 36-37 | --- | --- | ---

 | | | |

CgE: | | | |

 Cateache-------------| 0-1 | 40-125 | 5.0-60 | 3.8-4.7

 | 1-5 | 12-28 | 7.5-13 | 4.5-6.0

 | 5-29 | 8.2-14 | 4.4-7.5 | 4.5-6.0

 | 29-36 | 7.5-13 | 4.4-7.5 | 5.1-6.0

 | 36-37 | --- | --- | ---

 | | | |

CgF: | | | |

 Cateache-------------| 0-1 | 40-125 | 5.0-60 | 3.8-4.7

 | 1-5 | 12-28 | 7.5-13 | 4.5-6.0

 | 5-29 | 8.2-14 | 4.4-7.5 | 4.5-6.0

 | 29-36 | 7.5-13 | 4.4-7.5 | 5.1-6.0

 | 36-37 | --- | --- | ---

 | | | |

Ch: | | | |

 Chavies--------------| 0-10 | 5.0-16 | 3.0-14 | 4.5-7.3

 | 10-54 | 3.0-14 | 2.0-12 | 4.5-7.3

 | 54-65 | 0.5-8.0 | 0.5-8.0 | 4.5-6.0

 | | | |

CpB: | | | |

 Cookport-------------| 0-1 | 45-135 | 10-75 | 3.8-4.6

 | 1-9 | 8.0-25 | 3.0-12 | 4.5-5.5

 | 9-22 | 4.0-10 | 2.0-5.0 | 3.6-5.5

 | 22-42 | 3.0-8.0 | 2.0-5.0 | 3.6-5.5

 | 42-49 | 3.0-8.0 | 2.0-5.0 | 3.6-5.5

 | >49 | --- | --- | ---

 | | | |

CuB: | | | |

 Culleoka-------------| 0-1 | 40-125 | 5.0-60 | 3.8-4.7

 | 1-2 | 45-135 | 10-75 | 3.8-4.6

 | 2-3 | 0.0-15 | 0.0-8.6 | 5.1-6.0

 | 3-29 | 0.0-21 | 0.0-8.2 | 5.1-6.0

 | 29-35 | 0.0-21 | 0.0-8.2 | 5.1-6.5

 | 35-40 | --- | --- | ---

 | | | |
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

727

Table 18.--Chemical Properties of the Soils--Continued

_____________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 Map symbol | Depth | Cation |Effective| Soil

 and soil name | |exchange | cation |reaction

 | |capacity |exchange |

 | | |capacity |

______________________|________|_________|_________|_________

 | Inches |meq/100 g|meq/100 g| pH

 | | | |

CuC: | | | |

 Culleoka-------------| 0-1 | 40-125 | 5.0-60 | 3.8-4.7

 | 1-2 | 45-135 | 10-75 | 3.8-4.6

 | 2-3 | 0.0-15 | 0.0-8.6 | 5.1-6.0

 | 3-29 | 0.0-21 | 0.0-8.2 | 5.1-6.0

 | 29-35 | 0.0-21 | 0.0-8.2 | 5.1-6.5

 | 35-40 | --- | --- | ---

 | | | |

CuD: | | | |

 Culleoka-------------| 0-1 | 40-125 | 5.0-60 | 3.8-4.7

 | 1-2 | 45-135 | 10-75 | 3.8-4.6

 | 2-3 | 0.0-15 | 0.0-8.6 | 5.1-6.0

 | 3-29 | 0.0-21 | 0.0-8.2 | 5.1-6.0

 | 29-35 | 0.0-21 | 0.0-8.2 | 5.1-6.5

 | 35-40 | --- | --- | ---

 | | | |

CyE: | | | |

 Culleoka-------------| 0-1 | 40-125 | 5.0-60 | 3.8-4.7

 | 1-2 | 45-135 | 10-75 | 3.8-4.6

 | 2-3 | 0.0-15 | 0.0-8.6 | 5.1-6.0

 | 3-29 | 0.0-21 | 0.0-8.2 | 5.1-6.0

 | 29-35 | 0.0-21 | 0.0-8.2 | 5.1-6.5

 | 35-40 | --- | --- | ---

 | | | |

CyF: | | | |

 Culleoka-------------| 0-1 | 40-125 | 5.0-60 | 3.8-4.7

 | 1-2 | 45-135 | 10-75 | 3.8-4.6

 | 2-3 | 0.0-15 | 0.0-8.6 | 5.1-6.0

 | 3-29 | 0.0-21 | 0.0-8.2 | 5.1-6.0

 | 29-35 | 0.0-21 | 0.0-8.2 | 5.1-6.5

 | 35-40 | --- | --- | ---

 | | | |

DeC: | | | |

 Dekalb---------------| 0-1 | 80-125 | 60-94 | 3.6-4.5

 | 1-2 | 9.0-18 | 3.0-18 | 3.6-6.5

 | 2-4 | 9.0-18 | 3.0-18 | 3.6-6.5

 | 4-8 | 9.0-18 | 3.0-18 | 3.6-6.5

 | 8-15 | 3.0-7.0 | 1.0-10 | 3.6-5.5

 | 15-23 | 3.0-7.0 | 1.0-10 | 3.6-5.5

 | 23-34 | 3.0-8.0 | 2.0-10 | 3.6-5.5

 | >34 | --- | --- | ---

 | | | |

DeE: | | | |

 Dekalb---------------| 0-1 | 80-125 | 60-94 | 3.6-4.5

 | 1-2 | 9.0-18 | 3.0-18 | 3.6-6.5

 | 2-4 | 9.0-18 | 3.0-18 | 3.6-6.5

 | 4-8 | 9.0-18 | 3.0-18 | 3.6-6.5

 | 8-15 | 3.0-7.0 | 1.0-10 | 3.6-5.5

 | 15-23 | 3.0-7.0 | 1.0-10 | 3.6-5.5

 | 23-34 | 3.0-8.0 | 2.0-10 | 3.6-5.5

 | >34 | --- | --- | ---

 | | | |

DeF: | | | |

 Dekalb---------------| 0-1 | 80-125 | 60-94 | 3.6-4.5

 | 1-2 | 9.0-18 | 3.0-18 | 3.6-6.5

 | 2-4 | 9.0-18 | 3.0-18 | 3.6-6.5

 | 4-8 | 9.0-18 | 3.0-18 | 3.6-6.5

 | 8-15 | 3.0-7.0 | 1.0-10 | 3.6-5.5

 | 15-23 | 3.0-7.0 | 1.0-10 | 3.6-5.5

 | 23-34 | 3.0-8.0 | 2.0-10 | 3.6-5.5

 | >34 | --- | --- | ---

 | | | |
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

728

Table 18.--Chemical Properties of the Soils--Continued

_____________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 Map symbol | Depth | Cation |Effective| Soil

 and soil name | |exchange | cation |reaction

 | |capacity |exchange |

 | | |capacity |

______________________|________|_________|_________|_________

 | Inches |meq/100 g|meq/100 g| pH

 | | | |

DhC: | | | |

 Dekalb---------------| 0-1 | 80-125 | 60-94 | 3.6-4.5

 | 1-2 | 9.0-18 | 3.0-18 | 3.6-6.5

 | 2-4 | 9.0-18 | 3.0-18 | 3.6-6.5

 | 4-8 | 9.0-18 | 3.0-18 | 3.6-6.5

 | 8-15 | 3.0-7.0 | 1.0-10 | 3.6-5.5

 | 15-23 | 3.0-7.0 | 1.0-10 | 3.6-5.5

 | 23-34 | 3.0-8.0 | 2.0-10 | 3.6-5.5

 | >34 | --- | --- | ---

 | | | |

 Hazleton-------------| 0-1 | 40-125 | 5.0-65 | 3.8-4.7

 | 1-2 | 45-135 | 10-75 | 3.8-4.6

 | 2-3 | 13-22 | 5.0-12 | 3.6-5.5

 | 3-32 | 5.0-9.0 | 2.0-5.0 | 3.6-5.5

 | 32-52 | 5.0-9.0 | 2.0-5.0 | 3.6-5.5

 | >52 | --- | --- | ---

 | | | |

DhE: | | | |

 Dekalb---------------| 0-1 | 80-125 | 60-94 | 3.6-4.5

 | 1-2 | 9.0-18 | 3.0-18 | 3.6-6.5

 | 2-4 | 9.0-18 | 3.0-18 | 3.6-6.5

 | 4-8 | 9.0-18 | 3.0-18 | 3.6-6.5

 | 8-15 | 3.0-7.0 | 1.0-10 | 3.6-5.5

 | 15-23 | 3.0-7.0 | 1.0-10 | 3.6-5.5

 | 23-34 | 3.0-8.0 | 2.0-10 | 3.6-5.5

 | >34 | --- | --- | ---

 | | | |

 Hazleton-------------| 0-1 | 40-125 | 5.0-65 | 3.8-4.7

 | 1-2 | 45-135 | 10-75 | 3.8-4.6

 | 2-3 | 13-22 | 5.0-12 | 3.6-5.5

 | 3-32 | 5.0-9.0 | 2.0-5.0 | 3.6-5.5

 | 32-52 | 5.0-9.0 | 2.0-5.0 | 3.6-5.5

 | >52 | --- | --- | ---

 | | | |

DhF: | | | |

 Dekalb---------------| 0-1 | 80-125 | 60-94 | 3.6-4.5

 | 1-2 | 9.0-18 | 3.0-18 | 3.6-6.5

 | 2-4 | 9.0-18 | 3.0-18 | 3.6-6.5

 | 4-8 | 9.0-18 | 3.0-18 | 3.6-6.5

 | 8-15 | 3.0-7.0 | 1.0-10 | 3.6-5.5

 | 15-23 | 3.0-7.0 | 1.0-10 | 3.6-5.5

 | 23-34 | 3.0-8.0 | 2.0-10 | 3.6-5.5

 | >34 | --- | --- | ---

 | | | |

 Hazleton-------------| 0-1 | 40-125 | 5.0-65 | 3.8-4.7

 | 1-2 | 45-135 | 10-75 | 3.8-4.6

 | 2-3 | 13-22 | 5.0-12 | 3.6-5.5

 | 3-32 | 5.0-9.0 | 2.0-5.0 | 3.6-5.5

 | 32-52 | 5.0-9.0 | 2.0-5.0 | 3.6-5.5

 | >52 | --- | --- | ---

 | | | |

DkF: | | | |

 Dekalb---------------| 0-1 | 80-125 | 60-94 | 3.6-4.5

 | 1-2 | 9.0-18 | 3.0-18 | 3.6-6.5

 | 2-4 | 9.0-18 | 3.0-18 | 3.6-6.5

 | 4-8 | 9.0-18 | 3.0-18 | 3.6-6.5

 | 8-15 | 3.0-7.0 | 1.0-10 | 3.6-5.5

 | 15-23 | 3.0-7.0 | 1.0-10 | 3.6-5.5

 | 23-34 | 3.0-8.0 | 2.0-10 | 3.6-5.5

 | >34 | --- | --- | ---

 | | | |

 Rock outcrop---------| 0-10 | --- | --- | ---
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

729

Table 18.--Chemical Properties of the Soils--Continued

_____________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 Map symbol | Depth | Cation |Effective| Soil

 and soil name | |exchange | cation |reaction

 | |capacity |exchange |

 | | |capacity |

______________________|________|_________|_________|_________

 | Inches |meq/100 g|meq/100 g| pH

 | | | |

Du: | | | |

 Dunning--------------| 0-20 | 6.5-22 | 6.0-22 | 5.6-7.8

 | 20-65 | 19-32 | 19-32 | 5.6-7.8

 | | | |

ElF: | | | |

 Elliber--------------| 0-2 | 40-125 | 5.0-60 | 3.8-4.7

 | 2-12 | 2.6-4.4 | 0.0-5.1 | 3.6-5.5

 | 12-67 | 3.8-6.1 | 0.0-7.9 | 3.6-5.5

 | | | |

ErB: | | | |

 Ernest---------------| 0-2 | 40-125 | 5.0-60 | 3.7-4.7

 | 2-3 | 45-135 | 10-75 | 3.8-4.6

 | 3-10 | 15-25 | 8.5-11 | 4.5-6.0

 | 10-28 | 6.0-15 | 10-18 | 4.5-5.5

 | 28-44 | 4.0-14 | 9.2-16 | 4.5-5.5

 | 44-62 | 4.0-14 | 0.1-18 | 4.5-5.5

 | | | |

EsC: | | | |

 Ernest---------------| 0-2 | 40-125 | 5.0-60 | 3.7-4.7

 | 2-3 | 45-135 | 10-75 | 3.8-4.6

 | 3-10 | 15-25 | 8.5-11 | 4.5-6.0

 | 10-28 | 6.0-15 | 10-18 | 4.5-5.5

 | 28-44 | 4.0-14 | 9.2-16 | 4.5-5.5

 | 44-62 | 4.0-14 | 0.1-18 | 4.5-5.5

 | | | |

FaE: | | | |

 Faywood--------------| 0-8 | 0.0-15 | 0.0-8.2 | 5.1-7.8

 | 8-28 | 14-53 | 0.0-18 | 5.1-7.8

 | 28-32 | --- | --- | ---

 | | | |

FaF: | | | |

 Faywood--------------| 0-8 | 0.0-15 | 0.0-8.2 | 5.1-7.8

 | 8-28 | 14-53 | 0.0-18 | 5.1-7.8

 | 28-32 | --- | --- | ---

 | | | |

FkB: | | | |

 Frankstown-----------| 0-4 | 15-40 | 10-15 | 5.1-6.0

 | 4-35 | 10-20 | 6.0-10 | 4.5-6.0

 | 35-45 | 10-20 | 6.0-10 | 4.5-6.0

 | 45-46 | --- | --- | ---

 | | | |

FkC: | | | |

 Frankstown-----------| 0-4 | 15-40 | 10-15 | 5.1-6.0

 | 4-35 | 10-20 | 6.0-10 | 4.5-6.0

 | 35-45 | 10-20 | 6.0-10 | 4.5-6.0

 | 45-46 | --- | --- | ---

 | | | |

FkD: | | | |

 Frankstown-----------| 0-4 | 15-40 | 10-15 | 5.1-6.0

 | 4-35 | 10-20 | 6.0-10 | 4.5-6.0

 | 35-45 | 10-20 | 6.0-10 | 4.5-6.0

 | 45-46 | --- | --- | ---

 | | | |

FoC: | | | |

 Frankstown-----------| 0-4 | 15-40 | 10-15 | 5.1-6.0

 | 4-35 | 10-20 | 6.0-10 | 4.5-6.0

 | 35-45 | 10-20 | 6.0-10 | 4.5-6.0

 | 45-46 | --- | --- | ---

 | | | |
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

730

Table 18.--Chemical Properties of the Soils--Continued

_____________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 Map symbol | Depth | Cation |Effective| Soil

 and soil name | |exchange | cation |reaction

 | |capacity |exchange |

 | | |capacity |

______________________|________|_________|_________|_________

 | Inches |meq/100 g|meq/100 g| pH

 | | | |

FoE: | | | |

 Frankstown-----------| 0-4 | 15-40 | 10-15 | 5.1-6.0

 | 4-35 | 10-20 | 6.0-10 | 4.5-6.0

 | 35-45 | 10-20 | 6.0-10 | 4.5-6.0

 | 45-46 | --- | --- | ---

 | | | |

FrB: | | | |

 Frederick------------| 0-8 | 12-30 | 10-16 | 4.5-6.5

 | 8-29 | 8.0-16 | 6.0-15 | 4.5-7.3

 | 29-80 | 7.0-18 | 6.0-15 | 4.5-7.3

 | | | |

FrC: | | | |

 Frederick------------| 0-8 | 12-30 | 10-16 | 4.5-6.5

 | 8-29 | 8.0-16 | 6.0-15 | 4.5-7.3

 | 29-80 | 7.0-18 | 6.0-15 | 4.5-7.3

 | | | |

FrD: | | | |

 Frederick------------| 0-8 | 12-30 | 10-16 | 4.5-6.5

 | 8-29 | 8.0-16 | 6.0-15 | 4.5-7.3

 | 29-80 | 7.0-18 | 6.0-15 | 4.5-7.3

 | | | |

FyC: | | | |

 Frederick------------| 0-8 | 12-30 | 10-16 | 4.5-6.5

 | 8-29 | 8.0-16 | 6.0-15 | 4.5-7.3

 | 29-80 | 7.0-18 | 6.0-15 | 4.5-7.3

 | | | |

 Caneyville-----------| 0-3 | 15-20 | --- | 5.1-7.3

 | 3-10 | 15-25 | --- | 5.1-7.3

 | 10-24 | 18-30 | --- | 5.6-7.8

 | >24 | --- | --- | ---

 | | | |

FyE: | | | |

 Frederick------------| 0-8 | 12-30 | 10-16 | 4.5-6.5

 | 8-29 | 8.0-16 | 6.0-15 | 4.5-7.3

 | 29-80 | 7.0-18 | 6.0-15 | 4.5-7.3

 | | | |

 Caneyville-----------| 0-3 | 15-20 | --- | 5.1-7.3

 | 3-10 | 15-25 | --- | 5.1-7.3

 | 10-24 | 18-30 | --- | 5.6-7.8

 | >24 | --- | --- | ---

 | | | |

GaC: | | | |

 Gauley---------------| 0-3 | 40-125 | 5.0-60 | 3.7-4.7

 | 3-6 | 60-160 | 20-80 | 3.5-4.7

 | 6-8 | 15-30 | 2.0-5.4 | 3.6-5.5

 | 8-26 | 2.5-10 | 1.3-3.5 | 3.6-5.5

 | 26-38 | 2.0-9.0 | 1.3-3.5 | 3.6-5.5

 | >38 | --- | --- | ---

 | | | |

GaE: | | | |

 Gauley---------------| 0-3 | 40-125 | 5.0-60 | 3.7-4.7

 | 3-6 | 60-160 | 20-80 | 3.5-4.7

 | 6-8 | 15-30 | 2.0-5.4 | 3.6-5.5

 | 8-26 | 2.5-10 | 1.3-3.5 | 3.6-5.5

 | 26-38 | 2.0-9.0 | 1.3-3.5 | 3.6-5.5

 | >38 | --- | --- | ---

 | | | |
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

731

Table 18.--Chemical Properties of the Soils--Continued

_____________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 Map symbol | Depth | Cation |Effective| Soil

 and soil name | |exchange | cation |reaction

 | |capacity |exchange |

 | | |capacity |

______________________|________|_________|_________|_________

 | Inches |meq/100 g|meq/100 g| pH

 | | | |

GnC: | | | |

 Gilpin---------------| 0-1 | 40-125 | 5.0-60 | 3.7-4.7

 | 1-2 | 45-135 | 10-75 | 3.8-4.6

 | 2-3 | 15-40 | 3.0-15 | 3.6-5.5

 | 3-24 | 3.0-12 | 3.0-9.0 | 3.6-5.5

 | 24-36 | 3.0-14 | 3.0-9.0 | 3.6-5.5

 | 36-37 | --- | --- | ---

 | | | |

GnD: | | | |

 Gilpin---------------| 0-1 | 40-125 | 5.0-60 | 3.7-4.7

 | 1-2 | 60-160 | 20-80 | 3.5-4.7

 | 2-3 | 15-40 | 3.0-15 | 3.6-5.5

 | 3-24 | 3.0-12 | 3.0-9.0 | 3.6-5.5

 | 24-36 | 3.0-14 | 3.0-9.0 | 3.6-5.5

 | 36-37 | --- | --- | ---

 | | | |

GpC: | | | |

 Gilpin---------------| 0-1 | 40-125 | 5.0-60 | 3.7-4.7

 | 1-2 | 60-160 | 20-80 | 3.5-4.7

 | 2-3 | 15-40 | 3.0-15 | 3.6-5.5

 | 3-24 | 3.0-12 | 3.0-9.0 | 3.6-5.5

 | 24-36 | 3.0-14 | 3.0-9.0 | 3.6-5.5

 | 36-37 | --- | --- | ---

 | | | |

GpE: | | | |

 Gilpin---------------| 0-1 | 40-125 | 5.0-60 | 3.7-4.7

 | 1-2 | 60-160 | 20-80 | 3.5-4.7

 | 2-3 | 15-40 | 3.0-15 | 3.6-5.5

 | 3-24 | 3.0-12 | 3.0-9.0 | 3.6-5.5

 | 24-36 | 3.0-14 | 3.0-9.0 | 3.6-5.5

 | 36-37 | --- | --- | ---

 | | | |

Ho: | | | |

 Holly----------------| 0-4 | 6.5-11 | 4.3-7.3 | 5.6-7.3

 | 4-42 | 5.4-9.5 | 4.1-7.1 | 5.1-7.3

 | 42-65 | 6.0-11 | 5.2-8.7 | 5.6-7.8

 | | | |

KxF: | | | |

 Kaymine--------------| 0-13 | 4.0-11 | 3.0-8.0 | 5.6-7.8

 | 13-65 | 2.0-10 | 1.0-7.0 | 5.6-7.8

 | | | |

 Rock outcrop---------| 0-10 | --- | --- | ---

 | | | |

LcC: | | | |

 Leatherbark----------| 0-1 | 40-125 | 5.0-60 | 3.8-4.7

 | 1-2 | 45-135 | 10-75 | 3.8-4.6

 | 2-7 | 75-130 | 41-75 | 3.6-5.5

 | 7-37 | 8.0-24 | 5.0-28 | 3.6-5.5

 | 37-40 | 4.0-14 | 3.0-12 | 3.6-5.5

 | 40-41 | --- | --- | ---

 | | | |

LgB: | | | |

 Lily-----------------| 0-1 | --- | --- | 3.8-4.7

 | 1-8 | 2.9-16 | 2.2-12 | 3.6-5.5

 | 8-25 | 5.1-12 | 3.8-9.1 | 3.6-5.5

 | 25-33 | 5.4-9.3 | 4.0-7.0 | 3.6-5.5

 | >33 | --- | --- | ---

 | | | |
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

732

Table 18.--Chemical Properties of the Soils--Continued

_____________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 Map symbol | Depth | Cation |Effective| Soil

 and soil name | |exchange | cation |reaction

 | |capacity |exchange |

 | | |capacity |

______________________|________|_________|_________|_________

 | Inches |meq/100 g|meq/100 g| pH

 | | | |

LgC: | | | |

 Lily-----------------| 0-1 | --- | --- | 3.8-4.7

 | 1-8 | 2.9-16 | 2.2-12 | 3.6-5.5

 | 8-25 | 5.1-12 | 3.8-9.1 | 3.6-5.5

 | 25-33 | 5.4-9.3 | 4.0-7.0 | 3.6-5.5

 | >33 | --- | --- | ---

 | | | |

LhE: | | | |

 Lily-----------------| 0-1 | --- | --- | 3.8-4.7

 | 1-8 | 2.9-16 | 2.2-12 | 3.6-5.5

 | 8-25 | 5.1-12 | 3.8-9.1 | 3.6-5.5

 | 25-33 | 5.4-9.3 | 4.0-7.0 | 3.6-5.5

 | >33 | --- | --- | ---

 | | | |

Lo: | | | |

 Lobdell--------------| 0-10 | 7.2-13 | 3.8-6.5 | 5.1-7.3

 | 10-28 | 6.5-12 | 4.0-7.5 | 5.1-7.3

 | 28-65 | 7.0-12 | 5.6-8.5 | 5.6-7.3

 | | | |

MaB: | | | |

 Macove---------------| 0-1 | 40-125 | 5.0-60 | 3.8-4.7

 | 1-5 | 15-27 | 4.0-19 | 4.5-6.0

 | 5-15 | 7.0-13 | 7.0-12 | 4.5-6.0

 | 15-65 | 7.0-12 | 8.0-14 | 4.5-6.0

 | | | |

MaC: | | | |

 Macove---------------| 0-1 | 40-125 | 5.0-60 | 3.8-4.7

 | 1-5 | 15-27 | 4.0-19 | 4.5-6.0

 | 5-15 | 7.0-13 | 7.0-12 | 4.5-6.0

 | 15-65 | 7.0-12 | 8.0-14 | 4.5-6.0

 | | | |

MaD: | | | |

 Macove---------------| 0-1 | 40-125 | 5.0-60 | 3.8-4.7

 | 1-5 | 15-27 | 4.0-19 | 4.5-6.0

 | 5-15 | 7.0-13 | 7.0-12 | 4.5-6.0

 | 15-65 | 7.0-12 | 8.0-14 | 4.5-6.0

 | | | |

McC: | | | |

 Macove---------------| 0-1 | 40-125 | 5.0-60 | 3.8-4.7

 | 1-5 | 15-27 | 4.0-19 | 4.5-6.0

 | 5-15 | 7.0-13 | 7.0-12 | 4.5-6.0

 | 15-65 | 7.0-12 | 8.0-14 | 4.5-6.0

 | | | |

McE: | | | |

 Macove---------------| 0-1 | 40-125 | 5.0-60 | 3.8-4.7

 | 1-5 | 15-27 | 4.0-19 | 4.5-6.0

 | 5-15 | 7.0-13 | 7.0-12 | 4.5-6.0

 | 15-65 | 7.0-12 | 8.0-14 | 4.5-6.0

 | | | |

MeF: | | | |

 Macove---------------| 0-1 | 40-125 | 5.0-60 | 3.8-4.7

 | 1-5 | 15-27 | 4.0-19 | 4.5-6.0

 | 5-15 | 7.0-13 | 7.0-12 | 4.5-6.0

 | 15-65 | 7.0-12 | 8.0-14 | 4.5-6.0

 | | | |

 Gilpin---------------| 0-1 | 40-125 | 5.0-60 | 3.7-4.7

 | 1-2 | 60-160 | 20-80 | 3.5-4.7

 | 2-3 | 15-40 | 3.0-15 | 3.6-5.5

 | 3-24 | 3.0-12 | 3.0-9.0 | 3.6-5.5

 | 24-36 | 3.0-14 | 3.0-9.0 | 3.6-5.5

 | 36-37 | --- | --- | ---

 | | | |
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

733

Table 18.--Chemical Properties of the Soils--Continued

_____________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 Map symbol | Depth | Cation |Effective| Soil

 and soil name | |exchange | cation |reaction

 | |capacity |exchange |

 | | |capacity |

______________________|________|_________|_________|_________

 | Inches |meq/100 g|meq/100 g| pH

 | | | |

MkC: | | | |

 Mandy----------------| 0-1 | 40-125 | 5.0-60 | 3.8-4.7

 | 1-6 | 15-80 | 9.0-13 | 3.6-5.5

 | 6-29 | 8.0-15 | 5.0-9.0 | 3.6-5.5

 | 29-37 | 5.0-10 | 2.0-6.0 | 3.6-5.5

 | 37-38 | --- | --- | ---

 | | | |

MkE: | | | |

 Mandy----------------| 0-1 | 40-125 | 5.0-60 | 3.8-4.7

 | 1-6 | 15-80 | 9.0-13 | 3.6-5.5

 | 6-29 | 8.0-15 | 5.0-9.0 | 3.6-5.5

 | 29-37 | 5.0-10 | 2.0-6.0 | 3.6-5.5

 | 37-38 | --- | --- | ---

 | | | |

MkF: | | | |

 Mandy----------------| 0-1 | 40-125 | 5.0-60 | 3.8-4.7

 | 1-6 | 15-80 | 9.0-13 | 3.6-5.5

 | 6-29 | 8.0-15 | 5.0-9.0 | 3.6-5.5

 | 29-37 | 5.0-10 | 2.0-6.0 | 3.6-5.5

 | 37-38 | --- | --- | ---

 | | | |

MkG: | | | |

 Mandy----------------| 0-1 | 40-125 | 5.0-60 | 3.8-4.7

 | 1-6 | 15-80 | 9.0-13 | 3.6-5.5

 | 6-29 | 8.0-15 | 5.0-9.0 | 3.6-5.5

 | 29-37 | 5.0-10 | 2.0-6.0 | 3.6-5.5

 | 37-38 | --- | --- | ---

 | | | |

Ml: | | | |

 Melvin---------------| 0-10 | 6.0-15 | --- | 5.6-7.8

 | 10-58 | 8.0-14 | --- | 5.6-7.8

 | 58-65 | 8.0-14 | --- | 5.6-7.8

 | | | |

 Lindside-------------| 0-9 | 8.0-20 | 6.0-12 | 5.1-7.8

 | 9-60 | 10-16 | 8.0-14 | 5.1-7.8

 | 60-65 | 8.0-18 | 8.0-14 | 5.6-7.8

 | | | |

MzC: | | | |

 Mertz----------------| 0-1 | 40-125 | 5.0-60 | 3.8-4.7

 | 1-2 | 45-125 | 10-75 | 3.8-4.6

 | 2-5 | 15-25 | 8.0-12 | 5.1-7.3

 | 5-56 | 8.0-15 | 7.0-14 | 5.1-6.0

 | 56-65 | 8.0-15 | 7.0-14 | 4.5-5.5

 | | | |

MzE: | | | |

 Mertz----------------| 0-1 | 40-125 | 5.0-60 | 3.8-4.7

 | 1-2 | 45-125 | 10-75 | 3.8-4.6

 | 2-5 | 15-25 | 8.0-12 | 5.1-7.3

 | 5-56 | 8.0-15 | 7.0-14 | 5.1-6.0

 | 56-65 | 8.0-15 | 7.0-14 | 4.5-5.5

 | | | |

No: | | | |

 Nolin----------------| 0-5 | 6.0-15 | --- | 5.6-8.4

 | 5-65 | 6.0-20 | --- | 5.6-8.4

 | | | |

Ph: | | | |

 Philo----------------| 0-8 | 9.0-18 | 5.0-14 | 4.5-6.0

 | 8-38 | 9.0-18 | 0.0-8.0 | 4.5-6.0

 | 38-65 | 3.0-15 | 0.0-7.0 | 4.5-6.0

 | | | |
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

734

Table 18.--Chemical Properties of the Soils--Continued

_____________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 Map symbol | Depth | Cation |Effective| Soil

 and soil name | |exchange | cation |reaction

 | |capacity |exchange |

 | | |capacity |

______________________|________|_________|_________|_________

 | Inches |meq/100 g|meq/100 g| pH

 | | | |

Po: | | | |

 Pope-----------------| 0-10 | 6.0-20 | 4.0-11 | 3.6-5.5

 | 10-40 | 5.0-11 | 3.0-7.0 | 3.6-5.5

 | 40-65 | 4.0-12 | 3.0-7.0 | 3.6-5.5

 | | | |

Pt: | | | |

 Potomac--------------| 0-6 | 4.0-10 | 2.0-7.0 | 5.1-7.8

 | 6-65 | 2.0-6.0 | 0.5-4.0 | 5.1-7.8

 | | | |

PuA: | | | |

 Purdy----------------| 0-8 | 7.5-18 | 5.6-14 | 3.6-5.5

 | 8-30 | 12-22 | 9.4-16 | 3.6-5.5

 | 30-65 | 9.7-18 | 7.3-13 | 3.6-5.5

 | | | |

Qu: | | | |

 Quarry---------------| 0-10 | --- | --- | ---

 | | | |

Se: | | | |

 Sensabaugh-----------| 0-6 | 5.0-15 | 4.0-11 | 5.6-7.8

 | 6-25 | 6.0-11 | 5.0-8.0 | 5.6-7.8

 | 25-33 | 4.0-12 | 3.0-9.0 | 5.6-7.8

 | 33-65 | 3.0-10 | 2.0-7.0 | 5.6-7.8

 | | | |

SfB: | | | |

 Shouns---------------| 0-1 | 40-125 | 5.0-60 | 3.8-4.7

 | 1-2 | 45-135 | 10-75 | 3.8-4.6

 | 2-4 | 15-85 | 8.0-13 | 5.1-6.0

 | 4-8 | 9.0-15 | 4.0-8.5 | 5.1-6.0

 | 8-54 | 6.0-12 | 4.0-8.5 | 5.1-6.0

 | 54-65 | 6.0-12 | 4.0-8.5 | 5.1-6.0

 | | | |

SfC: | | | |

 Shouns---------------| 0-1 | 40-125 | 5.0-60 | 3.8-4.7

 | 1-2 | 45-135 | 10-75 | 3.8-4.6

 | 2-4 | 15-85 | 8.0-13 | 5.1-6.0

 | 4-8 | 9.0-15 | 4.0-8.5 | 5.1-6.0

 | 8-54 | 6.0-12 | 4.0-8.5 | 5.1-6.0

 | 54-65 | 6.0-12 | 4.0-8.5 | 5.1-6.0

 | | | |

ShC: | | | |

 Shouns---------------| 0-1 | 40-125 | 5.0-60 | 3.8-4.7

 | 1-2 | 45-135 | 10-75 | 3.8-4.6

 | 2-4 | 15-85 | 8.0-13 | 5.1-6.0

 | 4-8 | 9.0-15 | 4.0-8.5 | 5.1-6.0

 | 8-54 | 6.0-12 | 4.0-8.5 | 5.1-6.0

 | 54-65 | 6.0-12 | 4.0-8.5 | 5.1-6.0

 | | | |

ShE: | | | |

 Shouns---------------| 0-1 | 40-125 | 5.0-60 | 3.8-4.7

 | 1-2 | 45-135 | 10-75 | 3.8-4.6

 | 2-4 | 15-85 | 8.0-13 | 5.1-6.0

 | 4-8 | 9.0-15 | 4.0-8.5 | 5.1-6.0

 | 8-54 | 6.0-12 | 4.0-8.5 | 5.1-6.0

 | 54-65 | 6.0-12 | 4.0-8.5 | 5.1-6.0

 | | | |
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

735

Table 18.--Chemical Properties of the Soils--Continued

_____________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 Map symbol | Depth | Cation |Effective| Soil

 and soil name | |exchange | cation |reaction

 | |capacity |exchange |

 | | |capacity |

______________________|________|_________|_________|_________

 | Inches |meq/100 g|meq/100 g| pH

 | | | |

ShF: | | | |

 Shouns---------------| 0-1 | 40-125 | 5.0-60 | 3.8-4.7

 | 1-2 | 45-135 | 10-75 | 3.8-4.6

 | 2-4 | 15-85 | 8.0-13 | 5.1-6.0

 | 4-8 | 9.0-15 | 4.0-8.5 | 5.1-6.0

 | 8-54 | 6.0-12 | 4.0-8.5 | 5.1-6.0

 | 54-65 | 6.0-12 | 4.0-8.5 | 5.1-6.0

 | | | |

SmC: | | | |

 Simoda---------------| 0-1 | 40-125 | 5.0-60 | 3.8-4.7

 | 1-2 | 45-135 | 10-75 | 3.8-4.6

 | 2-4 | 4.8-16 | 3.6-12 | 3.6-5.5

 | 4-29 | 5.6-11 | 4.2-8.2 | 3.6-5.5

 | 29-40 | 4.0-10 | 3.0-7.7 | 3.6-5.5

 | 40-48 | 4.7-9.9 | 3.5-7.4 | 3.6-5.5

 | >48 | --- | --- | ---

 | | | |

SoC: | | | |

 Snowdog--------------| 0-1 | 40-125 | 5.0-60 | 3.8-4.7

 | 1-2 | 45-135 | 10-75 | 3.8-4.6

 | 2-4 | 15-95 | 10-70 | 3.6-5.5

 | 4-18 | 10-45 | 7.0-15 | 3.6-5.5

 | 18-42 | 2.0-16 | 1.5-8.0 | 3.6-5.5

 | 42-67 | 2.0-16 | 1.5-8.0 | 3.6-5.5

 | | | |

SoE: | | | |

 Snowdog--------------| 0-1 | 40-125 | 5.0-60 | 3.8-4.7

 | 1-2 | 45-135 | 10-75 | 3.8-4.6

 | 2-4 | 15-95 | 10-70 | 3.6-5.5

 | 4-18 | 10-45 | 7.0-15 | 3.6-5.5

 | 18-42 | 2.0-16 | 1.5-8.0 | 3.6-5.5

 | 42-67 | 2.0-16 | 1.5-8.0 | 3.6-5.5

 | | | |

SoF: | | | |

 Snowdog--------------| 0-1 | 40-125 | 5.0-60 | 3.8-4.7

 | 1-2 | 45-135 | 10-75 | 3.8-4.6

 | 2-4 | 15-95 | 10-70 | 3.6-5.5

 | 4-18 | 10-45 | 7.0-15 | 3.6-5.5

 | 18-42 | 2.0-16 | 1.5-8.0 | 3.6-5.5

 | 42-67 | 2.0-16 | 1.5-8.0 | 3.6-5.5

 | | | |

SvC: | | | |

 Summers--------------| 0-1 | 40-125 | 5.0-60 | 3.8-4.7

 | 1-2 | 45-135 | 10-75 | 3.8-4.6

 | 2-3 | 60-160 | 20-80 | 3.5-4.7

 | 3-13 | 10-25 | 3.5-24 | 4.5-5.5

 | 13-28 | 6.0-16 | 1.7-9.6 | 4.5-5.5

 | 28-30 | 2.0-9.0 | 1.5-9.0 | 4.5-5.5

 | >30 | --- | --- | ---

 | | | |

Tp: | | | |

 Tioga----------------| 0-1 | 40-125 | 5.0-60 | 3.8-4.7

 | 1-8 | 12-28 | --- | 5.1-7.3

 | 8-29 | 3.0-15 | --- | 5.1-7.3

 | 29-65 | 3.0-15 | --- | 5.6-7.8

 | | | |

 Potomac--------------| 0-6 | 4.0-10 | 2.0-7.0 | 5.1-7.8

 | 6-65 | 2.0-6.0 | 0.5-4.0 | 5.1-7.8

 | | | |
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

736

Table 18.--Chemical Properties of the Soils--Continued

_____________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 Map symbol | Depth | Cation |Effective| Soil

 and soil name | |exchange | cation |reaction

 | |capacity |exchange |

 | | |capacity |

______________________|________|_________|_________|_________

 | Inches |meq/100 g|meq/100 g| pH

 | | | |

TrC: | | | |

 Trussel--------------| 0-2 | 45-135 | 10-75 | 3.8-4.6

 | 2-8 | 20-100 | 15-45 | 3.6-5.5

 | 8-20 | 8.0-20 | 2.0-20 | 3.6-5.5

 | 20-37 | 4.0-14 | 2.0-14 | 3.6-5.5

 | 37-65 | 4.0-14 | 2.0-14 | 3.6-5.5

 | | | |

Uf: | | | |

 Udifluvents----------| --- | --- | --- | ---

 | | | |

 Fluvaquents----------| --- | --- | --- | ---

 | | | |

Ux: | | | |

 Udorthents-----------| --- | --- | --- | ---

 | | | |

 Rock outcrop---------| 0-10 | --- | --- | ---

 | | | |

WeC: | | | |

 Weikert--------------| 0-1 | 45-125 | 5.0-60 | 3.8-4.7

 | 1-7 | 12-19 | 5.0-20 | 4.5-5.5

 | 7-16 | 7.0-15 | 3.0-15 | 3.6-5.5

 | >16 | --- | --- | ---

 | | | |

WeD: | | | |

 Weikert--------------| 0-1 | 45-125 | 5.0-60 | 3.8-4.7

 | 1-7 | 12-19 | 5.0-20 | 4.5-5.5

 | 7-16 | 7.0-15 | 3.0-15 | 3.6-5.5

 | >16 | --- | --- | ---

 | | | |

WeF: | | | |

 Weikert--------------| 0-1 | 45-125 | 5.0-60 | 3.8-4.7

 | 1-7 | 12-19 | 5.0-20 | 4.5-5.5

 | 7-16 | 7.0-15 | 3.0-15 | 3.6-5.5

 | >16 | --- | --- | ---

 | | | |

WrG: | | | |

 Weikert--------------| 0-1 | 45-125 | 5.0-60 | 3.8-4.7

 | 1-7 | 12-19 | 5.0-20 | 4.5-5.5

 | 7-16 | 7.0-15 | 3.0-15 | 3.6-5.5

 | >16 | --- | --- | ---

 | | | |

 Berks----------------| 0-1 | 60-125 | 50-94 | 3.6-4.5

 | 1-3 | --- | --- | 3.6-6.5

 | 3-6 | --- | 1.0-6.4 | 3.6-6.5

 | 6-12 | --- | 1.1-12 | 3.6-6.5

 | 12-23 | --- | 1.2-13 | 3.6-6.5

 | 23-30 | --- | 1.2-13 | 3.6-6.5

 | 30-33 | --- | --- | ---

 | | | |

 Rough----------------| 0-2 | --- | 1.0-10 | 3.6-5.0

 | 2-4 | --- | 1.0-10 | 3.6-5.0

 | 4-7 | --- | 1.0-10 | 3.6-5.0

 | >7 | --- | --- | ---

 | | | |

ZoA: | | | |

 Zoar-----------------| 0-9 | --- | 3.5-9.0 | 4.5-5.5

 | 9-43 | --- | 3.5-16 | 4.5-5.5

 | 43-65 | --- | 3.5-22 | 4.5-5.5

______________________|________|_________|_________|_________
737

Table 19.--Water Features

(Depths of layers are in feet. See text for definitions of terms used in this table. Estimates of the frequen flooding apply to the whole year rather than to individual months. Absence of an entry indicates that  a concern or that data were not estimated.)_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________ | | | | Water table | Ponding |  | | | |_______________|_____________________________|____ Map symbol |Hydro-| Surface | Month | Upper | Lower |Surface| Duration |Frequency | Du and soil name |logic | runoff | | limit | limit | water | | |  |group | | | | | depth | | | ___________________________|______|____________|__________|_______|_______|_______|__________|__________|____ | | | | Ft | Ft | Ft | | | AlB: | | | | | | | | |  Allegheny-----------------| B | Medium |Jan-Dec | --- | --- | --- | --- | None |  | | | | | | | | | AlC: | | | | | | | | |  Allegheny-----------------| B | Medium |Jan-Dec | --- | --- | --- | --- | None |  | | | | | | | | | An: | | | | | | | | |  Atkins--------------------| D | Very high | | | | | | |  | | |January |0.0-1.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | B | | |February |0.0-1.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | B | | |March |0.0-1.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | B | | |April |0.0-1.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | B | | |May |0.0-1.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | B | | |June |0.0-1.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | B | | |July |0.0-1.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | B | | |August | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | B | | |September |0.0-1.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | B | | |October |0.0-1.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | B | | |November |0.0-1.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | B | | |December |0.0-1.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | B | | | | | | | | |  Philo---------------------| B | Low | | | | | | |  | | |January |1.5-3.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | B | | |February |1.5-3.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | B | | |March |1.5-3.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | B | | |April |1.5-3.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | B | | |May |1.5-3.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | B | | |June | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | Ver | | |July | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | Ver | | |August | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | Ver | | |September | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | Ver | | |October | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | Ver | | |November | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | B | | |December |1.5-3.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | B | | | | | | | | | 
738

Table 19.--Water Features--Continued

_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | Water table | Ponding |  | | | |_______________|_____________________________|____ Map symbol |Hydro-| Surface | Month | Upper | Lower |Surface| Duration |Frequency | Du and soil name |logic | runoff | | limit | limit | water | | |  |group | | | | | depth | | | ___________________________|______|____________|__________|_______|_______|_______|__________|__________|____ | | | | Ft | Ft | Ft | | | An: | | | | | | | | |  Potomac-------------------| A | Very low | | | | | | |  | | |January | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | B | | |February | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | B | | |March | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | B | | |April | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | B | | |May | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | B | | |June | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | B | | |July | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | B | | |August | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | B | | |September | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | B | | |October | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | B | | |November | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | B | | |December | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | B | | | | | | | | | BaE: | | | | | | | | |  Belmont-------------------| B | High |Jan-Dec | --- | --- | --- | --- | None |  | | | | | | | | | BcC: | | | | | | | | |  Berks---------------------| C | Medium |Jan-Dec | --- | --- | --- | --- | None |  | | | | | | | | | BcE: | | | | | | | | |  Berks---------------------| C | High |Jan-Dec | --- | --- | --- | --- | None |  | | | | | | | | | BcF: | | | | | | | | |  Berks---------------------| C | High |Jan-Dec | --- | --- | --- | --- | None |  | | | | | | | | | BkG: | | | | | | | | |  Berks---------------------| C | High |Jan-Dec | --- | --- | --- | --- | None |  | | | | | | | | |  Weikert-------------------| C/D | Medium |Jan-Dec | --- | --- | --- | --- | None |  | | | | | | | | |  Calvin--------------------| C | Medium |Jan-Dec | --- | --- | --- | --- | None |  | | | | | | | | | BlC: | | | | | | | | |  Berks---------------------| C | Medium |Jan-Dec | --- | --- | --- | --- | None |  | | | | | | | | |  Dekalb--------------------| A | Low |Jan-Dec | --- | --- | --- | --- | None |  | | | | | | | | | BlE: | | | | | | | | |  Berks---------------------| C | High |Jan-Dec | --- | --- | --- | --- | None |  | | | | | | | | |  Dekalb--------------------| A | Medium |Jan-Dec | --- | --- | --- | --- | None |  | | | | | | | | | BlF: | | | | | | | | |  Berks---------------------| C | High |Jan-Dec | --- | --- | --- | --- | None |  | | | | | | | | | 
739

Table 19.--Water Features--Continued

_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | Water table | Ponding |  | | | |_______________|_____________________________|____ Map symbol |Hydro-| Surface | Month | Upper | Lower |Surface| Duration |Frequency | Du and soil name |logic | runoff | | limit | limit | water | | |  |group | | | | | depth | | | ___________________________|______|____________|__________|_______|_______|_______|__________|__________|____ | | | | Ft | Ft | Ft | | | BlF: | | | | | | | | |  Dekalb--------------------| A | Medium |Jan-Dec | --- | --- | --- | --- | None |  | | | | | | | | | BrE: | | | | | | | | |  Berks---------------------| C | High |Jan-Dec | --- | --- | --- | --- | None |  | | | | | | | | |  Weikert-------------------| C/D | Medium |Jan-Dec | --- | --- | --- | --- | None |  | | | | | | | | | BrF: | | | | | | | | |  Berks---------------------| C | High |Jan-Dec | --- | --- | --- | --- | None |  | | | | | | | | |  Weikert-------------------| C/D | Medium |Jan-Dec | --- | --- | --- | --- | None |  | | | | | | | | | BtC: | | | | | | | | |  Blackthorn----------------| B | Low |Jan-Dec | --- | --- | --- | --- | None |  | | | | | | | | | BtE: | | | | | | | | |  Blackthorn----------------| B | Medium |Jan-Dec | --- | --- | --- | --- | None |  | | | | | | | | | BxF: | | | | | | | | |  Briery--------------------| C | Medium |Jan-Dec | --- | --- | --- | --- | None |  | | | | | | | | |  Rock outcrop--------------| D | Very high |Jan-Dec | --- | --- | --- | --- | None |  | | | | | | | | | CbC: | | | | | | | | |  Calvin--------------------| C | Low |Jan-Dec | --- | --- | --- | --- | None |  | | | | | | | | |  Dekalb--------------------| A | Low |Jan-Dec | --- | --- | --- | --- | None |  | | | | | | | | |  Berks---------------------| C | Medium |Jan-Dec | --- | --- | --- | --- | None |  | | | | | | | | | CbE: | | | | | | | | |  Calvin--------------------| C | Medium |Jan-Dec | --- | --- | --- | --- | None |  | | | | | | | | |  Dekalb--------------------| A | Medium |Jan-Dec | --- | --- | --- | --- | None |  | | | | | | | | |  Berks---------------------| C | High |Jan-Dec | --- | --- | --- | --- | None |  | | | | | | | | | CbF: | | | | | | | | |  Calvin--------------------| C | Medium |Jan-Dec | --- | --- | --- | --- | None |  | | | | | | | | |  Dekalb--------------------| A | Medium |Jan-Dec | --- | --- | --- | --- | None |  | | | | | | | | |  Berks---------------------| C | High |Jan-Dec | --- | --- | --- | --- | None |  | | | | | | | | | CeF: | | | | | | | | |  Caneyville, karst---------| C | High |Jan-Dec | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | 
740

Table 19.--Water Features--Continued

_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | Water table | Ponding |  | | | |_______________|_____________________________|____ Map symbol |Hydro-| Surface | Month | Upper | Lower |Surface| Duration |Frequency | Du and soil name |logic | runoff | | limit | limit | water | | |  |group | | | | | depth | | | ___________________________|______|____________|__________|_______|_______|_______|__________|__________|____ | | | | Ft | Ft | Ft | | | CeF: | | | | | | | | |  Frederick, karst----------| B | High |Jan-Dec | --- | --- | --- | --- | None |  | | | | | | | | |  Rock outcrop--------------| D | Very high |Jan-Dec | --- | --- | --- | --- | None |  | | | | | | | | | CfB: | | | | | | | | |  Cateache------------------| C | Medium |Jan-Dec | --- | --- | --- | --- | None |  | | | | | | | | | CfC: | | | | | | | | |  Cateache------------------| C | Medium |Jan-Dec | --- | --- | --- | --- | None |  | | | | | | | | | CfD: | | | | | | | | |  Cateache------------------| C | High |Jan-Dec | --- | --- | --- | --- | None |  | | | | | | | | | CfE: | | | | | | | | |  Cateache------------------| C | High |Jan-Dec | --- | --- | --- | --- | None |  | | | | | | | | | CfF: | | | | | | | | |  Cateache------------------| C | High |Jan-Dec | --- | --- | --- | --- | None |  | | | | | | | | | CgC: | | | | | | | | |  Cateache------------------| C | Medium |Jan-Dec | --- | --- | --- | --- | None |  | | | | | | | | | CgE: | | | | | | | | |  Cateache------------------| C | High |Jan-Dec | --- | --- | --- | --- | None |  | | | | | | | | | CgF: | | | | | | | | |  Cateache------------------| C | High |Jan-Dec | --- | --- | --- | --- | None |  | | | | | | | | | Ch: | | | | | | | | |  Chavies-------------------| B | Very low |Jan-Dec | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | Ver | | | | | | | | | CpB: | | | | | | | | |  Cookport------------------| C | Very high | | | | | | |  | | |January |1.2-2.5|1.5-3.5| --- | --- | None |  | | |February |1.4-2.5|1.5-2.5| --- | --- | None |  | | |March |1.4-2.5|1.5-2.5| --- | --- | None |  | | |April |1.4-2.5|1.5-2.5| --- | --- | None |  | | |May | --- | --- | --- | --- | None |  | | |June |1.4-2.5|1.5-2.5| --- | --- | None |  | | |July | --- | --- | --- | --- | None |  | | |August | --- | --- | --- | --- | None |  | | |September | --- | --- | --- | --- | None |  | | |October | --- | --- | --- | --- | None |  | | |November |1.4-2.5|1.5-2.5| --- | --- | None |  | | |December |1.4-2.5|1.5-2.5| --- | --- | None |  | | | | | | | | | 
741

Table 19.--Water Features--Continued

_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | Water table | Ponding |  | | | |_______________|_____________________________|____ Map symbol |Hydro-| Surface | Month | Upper | Lower |Surface| Duration |Frequency | Du and soil name |logic | runoff | | limit | limit | water | | |  |group | | | | | depth | | | ___________________________|______|____________|__________|_______|_______|_______|__________|__________|____ | | | | Ft | Ft | Ft | | | CuB: | | | | | | | | |  Culleoka------------------| B | Medium |Jan-Dec | --- | --- | --- | --- | None |  | | | | | | | | | CuC: | | | | | | | | |  Culleoka------------------| B | Medium |Jan-Dec | --- | --- | --- | --- | None |  | | | | | | | | | CuD: | | | | | | | | |  Culleoka------------------| B | High |Jan-Dec | --- | --- | --- | --- | None |  | | | | | | | | | CyE: | | | | | | | | |  Culleoka------------------| B | High |Jan-Dec | --- | --- | --- | --- | None |  | | | | | | | | | CyF: | | | | | | | | |  Culleoka------------------| B | High |Jan-Dec | --- | --- | --- | --- | None |  | | | | | | | | | DeC: | | | | | | | | |  Dekalb--------------------| C | Low |Jan-Dec | --- | --- | --- | --- | None |  | | | | | | | | | DeE: | | | | | | | | |  Dekalb--------------------| C | Medium |Jan-Dec | --- | --- | --- | --- | None |  | | | | | | | | | DeF: | | | | | | | | |  Dekalb--------------------| C | Medium |Jan-Dec | --- | --- | --- | --- | None |  | | | | | | | | | DhC: | | | | | | | | |  Dekalb--------------------| A | Low |Jan-Dec | --- | --- | --- | --- | None |  | | | | | | | | |  Hazleton------------------| B | Low |Jan-Dec | --- | --- | --- | --- | None |  | | | | | | | | | DhE: | | | | | | | | |  Dekalb--------------------| A | Medium |Jan-Dec | --- | --- | --- | --- | None |  | | | | | | | | |  Hazleton------------------| B | Medium |Jan-Dec | --- | --- | --- | --- | None |  | | | | | | | | | DhF: | | | | | | | | |  Dekalb--------------------| A | Medium |Jan-Dec | --- | --- | --- | --- | None |  | | | | | | | | |  Hazleton------------------| B | Medium |Jan-Dec | --- | --- | --- | --- | None |  | | | | | | | | | DkF: | | | | | | | | |  Dekalb--------------------| C | Medium |Jan-Dec | --- | --- | --- | --- | None |  | | | | | | | | |  Rock outcrop--------------| D | Very high |Jan-Dec | --- | --- | --- | --- | None |  | | | | | | | | | 
742

Table 19.--Water Features--Continued

_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | Water table | Ponding |  | | | |_______________|_____________________________|____ Map symbol |Hydro-| Surface | Month | Upper | Lower |Surface| Duration |Frequency | Du and soil name |logic | runoff | | limit | limit | water | | |  |group | | | | | depth | | | ___________________________|______|____________|__________|_______|_______|_______|__________|__________|____ | | | | Ft | Ft | Ft | | | Du: | | | | | | | | |  Dunning-------------------| D | Negligible | | | | | | |  | | |January |0.0-0.5| >6.0 |0.0-1.6| Brief |Occasional| B | | |February |0.0-0.5| >6.0 |0.0-1.6| Brief |Occasional| B | | |March |0.0-0.5| >6.0 |0.0-1.6| Brief |Occasional| B | | |April |0.0-0.5| >6.0 |0.0-1.6| Brief |Occasional| B | | |May |0.0-0.8| >6.0 |0.0-1.6| Brief |Occasional| B | | |June |0.0-0.8| >6.0 |0.0-1.6| Brief |Occasional| Ver | | |July |0.0-0.8| >6.0 |0.0-1.6| Brief |Occasional| Ver | | |August |0.0-0.8| >6.0 |0.0-1.6| Brief |Occasional| Ver | | |September |0.0-1.6| >6.0 |0.0-1.6| Brief |Occasional| Ver | | |October |0.0-1.6| >6.0 |0.0-1.6| Brief |Occasional| Ver | | |November |0.0-0.5| >6.0 |0.0-1.6| Brief |Occasional| B | | |December |0.0-0.5| >6.0 |0.0-1.6| Brief |Occasional| B | | | | | | | | | ElF: | | | | | | | | |  Elliber-------------------| A | Medium |Jan-Dec | --- | --- | --- | --- | None |  | | | | | | | | | ErB: | | | | | | | | |  Ernest--------------------| C | Medium | | | | | | |  | | |January |1.5-2.3|1.9-3.0| --- | --- | None |  | | |February |1.5-2.3|1.9-3.0| --- | --- | None |  | | |March |1.5-2.3|1.9-3.0| --- | --- | None |  | | |April |1.5-2.3|1.9-3.0| --- | --- | None |  | | |May |1.5-2.3|1.9-3.0| --- | --- | None |  | | |June | --- | --- | --- | --- | None |  | | |July | --- | --- | --- | --- | None |  | | |August | --- | --- | --- | --- | None |  | | |September | --- | --- | --- | --- | None |  | | |October | --- | --- | --- | --- | None |  | | |November |1.5-2.3|1.9-3.0| --- | --- | None |  | | |December |1.5-2.3|1.9-3.0| --- | --- | None | EsC: | | | | | | | | |  Ernest--------------------| C | Medium | | | | | | |  | | |January |1.5-2.3|1.9-3.0| --- | --- | None |  | | |February |1.5-2.3|1.9-3.0| --- | --- | None |  | | |March |1.5-2.3|1.9-3.0| --- | --- | None |  | | |April |1.5-2.3|1.9-3.0| --- | --- | None |  | | |May |1.5-2.3|1.9-3.0| --- | --- | None |  | | |June | --- | --- | --- | --- | None |  | | |July | --- | --- | --- | --- | None |  | | |August | --- | --- | --- | --- | None |  | | |September | --- | --- | --- | --- | None |  | | |October | --- | --- | --- | --- | None |  | | |November |1.5-2.3|1.9-3.0| --- | --- | None |  | | |December |1.5-2.3|1.9-3.0| --- | --- | None |  | | | | | | | | | 
743

Table 19.--Water Features--Continued

_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | Water table | Ponding |  | | | |_______________|_____________________________|____ Map symbol |Hydro-| Surface | Month | Upper | Lower |Surface| Duration |Frequency | Du and soil name |logic | runoff | | limit | limit | water | | |  |group | | | | | depth | | | ___________________________|______|____________|__________|_______|_______|_______|__________|__________|____ | | | | Ft | Ft | Ft | | | FaE: | | | | | | | | |  Faywood-------------------| C | Very high |Jan-Dec | --- | --- | --- | --- | None |  | | | | | | | | | FaF: | | | | | | | | |  Faywood-------------------| C | Very high |Jan-Dec | --- | --- | --- | --- | None |  | | | | | | | | | FkB: | | | | | | | | |  Frankstown----------------| B | Medium |Jan-Dec | --- | --- | --- | --- | None |  | | | | | | | | | FkC: | | | | | | | | |  Frankstown----------------| B | Medium |Jan-Dec | --- | --- | --- | --- | None |  | | | | | | | | | FkD: | | | | | | | | |  Frankstown----------------| B | High |Jan-Dec | --- | --- | --- | --- | None |  | | | | | | | | | FoC: | | | | | | | | |  Frankstown----------------| B | Medium |Jan-Dec | --- | --- | --- | --- | None |  | | | | | | | | | FoE: | | | | | | | | |  Frankstown----------------| B | High |Jan-Dec | --- | --- | --- | --- | None |  | | | | | | | | | FrB: | | | | | | | | |  Frederick-----------------| B | Medium |Jan-Dec | --- | --- | --- | --- | None |  | | | | | | | | | FrC: | | | | | | | | |  Frederick-----------------| B | Medium |Jan-Dec | --- | --- | --- | --- | None |  | | | | | | | | | FrD: | | | | | | | | |  Frederick-----------------| B | High |Jan-Dec | --- | --- | --- | --- | None |  | | | | | | | | | FyC: | | | | | | | | |  Frederick-----------------| B | Medium |Jan-Dec | --- | --- | --- | --- | None |  | | | | | | | | |  Caneyville----------------| C | Medium |Jan-Dec | --- | --- | --- | --- | None |  | | | | | | | | | FyE: | | | | | | | | |  Frederick-----------------| B | High |Jan-Dec | --- | --- | --- | --- | None |  | | | | | | | | |  Caneyville----------------| C | High |Jan-Dec | --- | --- | --- | --- | None |  | | | | | | | | | GaC: | | | | | | | | |  Gauley--------------------| C | Medium |Jan-Dec | --- | --- | --- | --- | None |  | | | | | | | | | GaE: | | | | | | | | |  Gauley--------------------| C | High |Jan-Dec | --- | --- | --- | --- | None |  | | | | | | | | | 
744

Table 19.--Water Features--Continued

_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | Water table | Ponding |  | | | |_______________|_____________________________|____ Map symbol |Hydro-| Surface | Month | Upper | Lower |Surface| Duration |Frequency | Du and soil name |logic | runoff | | limit | limit | water | | |  |group | | | | | depth | | | ___________________________|______|____________|__________|_______|_______|_______|__________|__________|____ | | | | Ft | Ft | Ft | | | GnC: | | | | | | | | |  Gilpin--------------------| C | High |Jan-Dec | --- | --- | --- | --- | None |  | | | | | | | | | GnD: | | | | | | | | |  Gilpin--------------------| C | Very high |Jan-Dec | --- | --- | --- | --- | None |  | | | | | | | | | GpC: | | | | | | | | |  Gilpin--------------------| C | High |Jan-Dec | --- | --- | --- | --- | None |  | | | | | | | | | GpE: | | | | | | | | |  Gilpin--------------------| C | Very high |Jan-Dec | --- | --- | --- | --- | None |  | | | | | | | | | Ho: | | | | | | | | |  Holly---------------------| B/D | Very high | | | | | | |  | | |January |0.0-1.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | B | | |February |0.0-1.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | B | | |March |0.0-1.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | B | | |April |0.0-1.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | B | | |May |0.0-1.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | B | | |June | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | B | | |July | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | B | | |August | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | B | | |September | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | B | | |October | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | B | | |November |0.0-1.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | B | | |December |0.0-1.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | B | | | | | | | | | KxF: | | | | | | | | |  Kaymine-------------------| C | Medium |Jan-Dec | --- | --- | --- | --- | None |  | | | | | | | | |  Rock outcrop--------------| D | Very high |Jan-Dec | --- | --- | --- | --- | None |  | | | | | | | | | LcC: | | | | | | | | |  Leatherbark---------------| C | Very high | | | | | | |  | | |January |0.5-1.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None |  | | |February |0.5-1.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None |  | | |March |0.5-1.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None |  | | |April |0.5-1.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None |  | | |May | --- | --- | --- | --- | None |  | | |June | --- | --- | --- | --- | None |  | | |July | --- | --- | --- | --- | None |  | | |August | --- | --- | --- | --- | None |  | | |September | --- | --- | --- | --- | None |  | | |October | --- | --- | --- | --- | None |  | | |November |0.5-1.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None |  | | |December |0.5-1.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None |  | | | | | | | | | 
745

Table 19.--Water Features--Continued

_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | Water table | Ponding |  | | | |_______________|_____________________________|____ Map symbol |Hydro-| Surface | Month | Upper | Lower |Surface| Duration |Frequency | Du and soil name |logic | runoff | | limit | limit | water | | |  |group | | | | | depth | | | ___________________________|______|____________|__________|_______|_______|_______|__________|__________|____ | | | | Ft | Ft | Ft | | | LgB: | | | | | | | | |  Lily----------------------| B | Medium |Jan-Dec | --- | --- | --- | --- | None |  | | | | | | | | | LgC: | | | | | | | | |  Lily----------------------| B | Medium |Jan-Dec | --- | --- | --- | --- | None |  | | | | | | | | | LhE: | | | | | | | | |  Lily----------------------| B | High |Jan-Dec | --- | --- | --- | --- | None |  | | | | | | | | | Lo: | | | | | | | | |  Lobdell-------------------| B | Low | | | | | | |  | | |January |1.5-2.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | B | | |February |1.5-2.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | B | | |March |1.5-2.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | B | | |April |1.5-2.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | B | | |May | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | B | | |June | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | B | | |July | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | B | | |August | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | B | | |September | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | B | | |October | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | B | | |November | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | B | | |December |1.5-2.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | B | | | | | | | | | MaB: | | | | | | | | |  Macove--------------------| B | Low |Jan-Dec | --- | --- | --- | --- | None |  | | | | | | | | | MaC: | | | | | | | | |  Macove--------------------| B | Low |Jan-Dec | --- | --- | --- | --- | None |  | | | | | | | | | MaD: | | | | | | | | |  Macove--------------------| B | Medium |Jan-Dec | --- | --- | --- | --- | None |  | | | | | | | | | McC: | | | | | | | | |  Macove--------------------| B | Low |Jan-Dec | --- | --- | --- | --- | None |  | | | | | | | | | McE: | | | | | | | | |  Macove--------------------| B | Medium |Jan-Dec | --- | --- | --- | --- | None |  | | | | | | | | | MeF: | | | | | | | | |  Macove--------------------| B | Medium |Jan-Dec | --- | --- | --- | --- | None |  | | | | | | | | |  Gilpin--------------------| C | Very high |Jan-Dec | --- | --- | --- | --- | None |  | | | | | | | | | MkC: | | | | | | | | |  Mandy---------------------| C | High |Jan-Dec | --- | --- | --- | --- | None |  | | | | | | | | | 
746

Table 19.--Water Features--Continued

_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | Water table | Ponding |  | | | |_______________|_____________________________|____ Map symbol |Hydro-| Surface | Month | Upper | Lower |Surface| Duration |Frequency | Du and soil name |logic | runoff | | limit | limit | water | | |  |group | | | | | depth | | | ___________________________|______|____________|__________|_______|_______|_______|__________|__________|____ | | | | Ft | Ft | Ft | | | MkE: | | | | | | | | |  Mandy---------------------| C | Very high |Jan-Dec | --- | --- | --- | --- | None |  | | | | | | | | | MkF: | | | | | | | | |  Mandy---------------------| C | Very high |Jan-Dec | --- | --- | --- | --- | None |  | | | | | | | | | MkG: | | | | | | | | |  Mandy---------------------| C | Very high |Jan-Dec | --- | --- | --- | --- | None |  | | | | | | | | | Ml: | | | | | | | | |  Melvin--------------------| D | Very high | | | | | | |  | | |January |0.0-1.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | B | | |February |0.0-1.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | B | | |March |0.0-1.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | B | | |April |0.0-1.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | B | | |May |0.0-1.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | B | | |June |0.0-1.6| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | Ver | | |July |0.0-1.6| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | Ver | | |August |0.0-1.6| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | Ver | | |September |0.0-1.6| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | Ver | | |October |0.0-1.6| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | Ver | | |November |0.0-1.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | B | | |December |0.0-1.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | B | | | | | | | | |  Lindside------------------| C | Low | | | | | | |  | | |January |1.5-3.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | B | | |February |1.5-3.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | B | | |March |1.5-3.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | B | | |April |1.5-3.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | B | | |May |1.5-3.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | B | | |June |1.5-3.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | Ver | | |July |1.5-3.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | Ver | | |August |1.5-3.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | Ver | | |September |1.5-3.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | Ver | | |October |1.5-3.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | Ver | | |November |1.5-3.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | B | | |December |1.5-3.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | B | | | | | | | | | MzC: | | | | | | | | |  Mertz---------------------| C | Medium |Jan-Dec | --- | --- | --- | --- | None |  | | | | | | | | | MzE: | | | | | | | | |  Mertz---------------------| C | High |Jan-Dec | --- | --- | --- | --- | None |  | | | | | | | | | 
747

Table 19.--Water Features--Continued

_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | Water table | Ponding |  | | | |_______________|_____________________________|____ Map symbol |Hydro-| Surface | Month | Upper | Lower |Surface| Duration |Frequency | Du and soil name |logic | runoff | | limit | limit | water | | |  |group | | | | | depth | | | ___________________________|______|____________|__________|_______|_______|_______|__________|__________|____ | | | | Ft | Ft | Ft | | | No: | | | | | | | | |  Nolin---------------------| B | Low | | | | | | |  | | |January | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | B | | |February |3.0-6.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | B | | |March |3.0-6.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | B | | |April | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | B | | |May | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | B | | |June | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | Ver | | |July | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | Ver | | |August | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | Ver | | |September | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | Ver | | |October | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | Ver | | |November | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | B | | |December | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | B | | | | | | | | | Ph: | | | | | | | | |  Philo---------------------| B | Low | | | | | | |  | | |January |1.5-3.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | B | | |February |1.5-3.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | B | | |March |1.5-3.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | B | | |April |1.5-3.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | B | | |May |1.5-3.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | B | | |June | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | Ver | | |July | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | Ver | | |August | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | Ver | | |September | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | Ver | | |October | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | Ver | | |November | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | B | | |December |1.5-3.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | B | | | | | | | | | Po: | | | | | | | | |  Pope----------------------| B | Very low | | | | | | |  | | |January | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | B | | |February | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | B | | |March | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | B | | |April | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | B | | |May | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | B | | |June | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | Ver | | |July | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | Ver | | |August | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | Ver | | |September | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | Ver | | |October | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | Ver | | |November | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | B | | |December | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | B | | | | | | | | | 
748

Table 19.--Water Features--Continued

_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | Water table | Ponding |  | | | |_______________|_____________________________|____ Map symbol |Hydro-| Surface | Month | Upper | Lower |Surface| Duration |Frequency | Du and soil name |logic | runoff | | limit | limit | water | | |  |group | | | | | depth | | | ___________________________|______|____________|__________|_______|_______|_______|__________|__________|____ | | | | Ft | Ft | Ft | | | Pt: | | | | | | | | |  Potomac-------------------| A | Very low | | | | | | |  | | |January | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | B | | |February | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | B | | |March | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | B | | |April | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | B | | |May | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | B | | |June | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | B | | |July | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | B | | |August | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | B | | |September | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | B | | |October | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | B | | |November | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | B | | |December | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | B | | | | | | | | | PuA: | | | | | | | | |  Purdy---------------------| D | Very high | | | | | | |  | | |January |0.0-1.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None |  | | |February | 1.0 | >6.0 | --- | --- | None |  | | |March | 1.0 | >6.0 | --- | --- | None |  | | |April | 1.0 | >6.0 | --- | --- | None |  | | |May | 1.0 | >6.0 | --- | --- | None |  | | |June | 1.0 | >6.0 | --- | --- | None |  | | |July | --- | --- | --- | --- | None |  | | |August | --- | --- | --- | --- | None |  | | |September | --- | --- | --- | --- | None |  | | |October | --- | --- | --- | --- | None |  | | |November | 1.0 | >6.0 | --- | --- | None |  | | |December | 1.0 | >6.0 | --- | --- | None |  | | | | | | | | | Qu: | | | | | | | | |  Quarry--------------------| --- | --- |Jan-Dec | --- | --- | --- | --- | None |  | | | | | | | | | Se: | | | | | | | | |  Sensabaugh----------------| B | Very low | | | | | | |  | | |January |4.0-6.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | B | | |February |4.0-6.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | B | | |March |4.0-6.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | B | | |April |4.0-6.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | B | | |May | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | B | | |June | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | Ver | | |July | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | Ver | | |August | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | Ver | | |September | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | Ver | | |October | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | Ver | | |November | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | B | | |December | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | B
749

 Table 19.--Water Features--Continued

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | Water table | Ponding |  | | | |_______________|_____________________________|___ Map symbol |Hydro-| Surface | Month | Upper | Lower |Surface| Duration |Frequency | D and soil name |logic | runoff | | limit | limit | water | | |  |group | | | | | depth | | | ___________________________|______|____________|__________|_______|_______|_______|__________|__________|___ | | | | Ft | Ft | Ft | | | SfB: | | | | | | | | |  Shouns--------------------| B | Medium |Jan-Dec | --- | --- | --- | --- | None |  | | | | | | | | | SfC: | | | | | | | | |  Shouns--------------------| B | Medium |Jan-Dec | --- | --- | --- | --- | None |  | | | | | | | | | ShC: | | | | | | | | |  Shouns--------------------| B | Medium |Jan-Dec | --- | --- | --- | --- | None |  | | | | | | | | | ShE: | | | | | | | | |  Shouns--------------------| B | High |Jan-Dec | --- | --- | --- | --- | None |  | | | | | | | | | ShF: | | | | | | | | |  Shouns--------------------| B | High |Jan-Dec | --- | --- | --- | --- | None |  | | | | | | | | | SmC: | | | | | | | | |  Simoda--------------------| C | High | | | | | | |  | | |January |1.5-2.5| >6.0 | --- | --- | None |  | | |February |1.5-2.5| >6.0 | --- | --- | None |  | | |March |1.5-2.5| >6.0 | --- | --- | None |  | | |April |1.5-2.5| >6.0 | --- | --- | None |  | | |May |1.5-2.5| >6.0 | --- | --- | None |  | | |June | --- | --- | --- | --- | None |  | | |July | --- | --- | --- | --- | None |  | | |August | --- | --- | --- | --- | None |  | | |September | --- | --- | --- | --- | None |  | | |October | --- | --- | --- | --- | None |  | | |November |1.5-2.5| >6.0 | --- | --- | None |  | | |December |1.5-2.5| >6.0 | --- | --- | None |  | | | | | | | | | SoC: | | | | | | | | |  Snowdog-------------------| C | Medium |Jan-Dec |1.5-2.5| >6.0 | --- | --- | None |  | | | | | | | | | SoE: | | | | | | | | |  Snowdog-------------------| C | High |Jan-Dec |1.5-2.5| >6.0 | --- | --- | None |  | | | | | | | | | SoF: | | | | | | | | |  Snowdog-------------------| C | High |Jan-Dec |1.5-2.5| >6.0 | --- | --- | None |  | | | | | | | | | SvC: | | | | | | | | |  Summers-------------------| B | Medium |Jan-Dec | --- | --- | --- | --- | None |  | | | | | | | | | 
750

Table 19.--Water Features--Continued

_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | Water table | Ponding |  | | | |_______________|_____________________________|____ Map symbol |Hydro-| Surface | Month | Upper | Lower |Surface| Duration |Frequency | Du and soil name |logic | runoff | | limit | limit | water | | |  |group | | | | | depth | | | ___________________________|______|____________|__________|_______|_______|_______|__________|__________|____ | | | | Ft | Ft | Ft | | | Tp: | | | | | | | | |  Tioga---------------------| B | Very low | | | | | | |  | | |January | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | B | | |February | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | B | | |March | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | B | | |April | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | B | | |May | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | B | | |June | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | Ver | | |July | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | Ver | | |August | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | Ver | | |September | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | Ver | | |October | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | Ver | | |November | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | B | | |December | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | B | | | | | | | | |  Potomac-------------------| A | Very low | | | | | | |  | | |January | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | B | | |February | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | B | | |March | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | B | | |April | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | B | | |May | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | B | | |June | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | B | | |July | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | B | | |August | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | B | | |September | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | B | | |October | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | B | | |November | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | B | | |December | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | B | | | | | | | | | TrC: | | | | | | | | |  Trussel-------------------| C | Very high |Jan-Dec |0.0-0.5|1.0-2.5| --- | --- | None |  | | | | | | | | | Uf: | | | | | | | | |  Udifluvents---------------| --- | --- | | | | | | |  | | |January |1.5-3.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | B | | |February |1.5-3.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | B | | |March |1.5-3.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | B | | |April |1.5-3.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | B | | |May |1.5-3.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | B | | |June |1.5-3.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | Ver | | |July |1.5-3.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | Ver | | |August |1.5-3.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | Ver | | |September |1.5-3.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | Ver | | |October |1.5-3.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | Ver | | |November |1.5-3.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | B | | |December |1.5-3.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | B | | | | | | | | | 
751

Table 19.--Water Features--Continued

_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | Water table | Ponding |  | | | |_______________|_____________________________|____ Map symbol |Hydro-| Surface | Month | Upper | Lower |Surface| Duration |Frequency | Du and soil name |logic | runoff | | limit | limit | water | | |  |group | | | | | depth | | | ___________________________|______|____________|__________|_______|_______|_______|__________|__________|____ | | | | Ft | Ft | Ft | | | Uf: | | | | | | | | |  Fluvaquents---------------| --- | --- | | | | | | |  | | |January |0.0-1.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | B | | |February |0.0-1.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | B | | |March |0.0-1.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | B | | |April |0.0-1.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | B | | |May |0.0-1.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | B | | |June |0.0-1.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | B | | |July |0.0-1.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | B | | |August |0.0-1.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | B | | |September |0.0-1.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | B | | |October |0.0-1.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | B | | |November |0.0-1.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | B | | |December |0.0-1.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | B | | | | | | | | | Ux: | | | | | | | | |  Udorthents----------------| --- | --- |Jan-Dec | --- | --- | --- | --- | None |  | | | | | | | | |  Rock outcrop--------------| D | Very high |Jan-Dec | --- | --- | --- | --- | None |  | | | | | | | | | WeC: | | | | | | | | |  Weikert-------------------| B/D | Low |Jan-Dec | --- | --- | --- | --- | None |  | | | | | | | | | WeD: | | | | | | | | |  Weikert-------------------| B/D | Medium |Jan-Dec | --- | --- | --- | --- | None |  | | | | | | | | | WeF: | | | | | | | | |  Weikert-------------------| B/D | Medium |Jan-Dec | --- | --- | --- | --- | None |  | | | | | | | | | WrG: | | | | | | | | |  Rough---------------------| D | Very high |Jan-Dec | --- | --- | --- | --- | None |  | | | | | | | | |  Weikert-------------------| B/D | Medium |Jan-Dec | --- | --- | --- | --- | None |  | | | | | | | | |  Berks---------------------| C | High |Jan-Dec | --- | --- | --- | --- | None |  | | | | | | | | | 
752

Table 19.--Water Features--Continued

_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | Water table | Ponding |  | | | |_______________|_____________________________|____ Map symbol |Hydro-| Surface | Month | Upper | Lower |Surface| Duration |Frequency | Du and soil name |logic | runoff | | limit | limit | water | | |  |group | | | | | depth | | | ___________________________|______|____________|__________|_______|_______|_______|__________|__________|____ | | | | Ft | Ft | Ft | | | ZoA: | | | | | | | | |  Zoar----------------------| C | Low | | | | | | |  | | |January |1.5-2.5| >6.0 | --- | --- | None |  | | |February |1.5-2.5| >6.0 | --- | --- | None |  | | |March |1.5-2.5| >6.0 | --- | --- | None |  | | |April |1.5-2.5| >6.0 | --- | --- | None |  | | |May | --- | --- | --- | --- | None |  | | |June | --- | --- | --- | --- | None |  | | |July | --- | --- | --- | --- | None |  | | |August | --- | --- | --- | --- | None |  | | |September | --- | --- | --- | --- | None |  | | |October | --- | --- | --- | --- | None |  | | |November | --- | --- | --- | --- | None |  | | |December |1.5-2.5| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | ___________________________|______|____________|__________|_______|_______|_______|__________|__________|____
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

753

Table 20.--Soil Features

(See text for definitions of terms used in this table. Absence of an entry indicates that the feature

 is not a concern or that data were not estimated.)

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | Restrictive layer | | Risk of corrosion

 Map symbol |___________________________________________| Potential |_________________________

 and soil name | | Depth | | for | Uncoated |

 | Kind |to top | Hardness |frost action| steel | Concrete

_____________________|_________________|_______|_________________|____________|____________|____________

 | | In | | | |

 | | | | | |

AlB: | | | | | |

 Allegheny-----------| --- | --- | --- |Low |Low |High

 | | | | | |

AlC: | | | | | |

 Allegheny-----------| --- | --- | --- | --- |Low |High

 | | | | | |

An: | | | | | |

 Atkins--------------| --- | --- | --- |High |High |Moderate

 | | | | | |

 Philo---------------| --- | --- | --- |Moderate |Low |High

 | | | | | |

 Potomac-------------| --- | --- | --- |Low |Low |Moderate

 | | | | | |

BaE: | | | | | |

 Belmont-------------|Bedrock (lithic) | 40-60 | --- |Moderate |Moderate |Moderate

 | | | | | |

BcC: | | | | | |

 Berks---------------|Bedrock | 20-40 | --- |Low |Low |High

 | (paralithic) | | | | |

 | | | | | |

BcE: | | | | | |

 Berks---------------|Bedrock | 20-40 | --- |Low |Low |High

 | (paralithic) | | | | |

 | | | | | |

BcF: | | | | | |

 Berks---------------|Bedrock | 20-40 | --- |Low |Low |High

 | (paralithic) | | | | |

 | | | | | |

BkG: | | | | | |

 Berks---------------|Bedrock | 20-40 | --- |Low |Low |High

 | (paralithic) | | | | |

 | | | | | |

 Weikert-------------|Bedrock | 10-20 | --- |Moderate |Moderate |Moderate

 | (paralithic) | | | | |

 | | | | | |

 Calvin--------------|Bedrock | 20-40 | --- |Moderate |Low |Moderate

 | (paralithic) | | | | |

 | | | | | |

BlC: | | | | | |

 Berks---------------|Bedrock | 20-40 | --- |Low |Low |High

 | (paralithic) | | | | |

 | | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------|Bedrock (lithic) | 20-40 | --- |Low |Low |High

 | | | | | |

BlE: | | | | | |

 Berks---------------|Bedrock | 20-40 | --- |Low |Low |High

 | (paralithic) | | | | |

 | | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------|Bedrock (lithic) | 20-40 | --- |Low |Low |High

 | | | | | |

BlF: | | | | | |

 Berks---------------|Bedrock | 20-40 | --- |Low |Low |High

 | (paralithic) | | | | |

 | | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------|Bedrock (lithic) | 20-40 | --- |Low |Low |High

 | | | | | |

BrE: | | | | | |

 Berks---------------|Bedrock | 20-40 | --- |Low |Low |High

 | (paralithic) | | | | |

 | | | | | |
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

754

Table 20.--Soil Features--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | Restrictive layer | | Risk of corrosion

 Map symbol |___________________________________________| Potential |_________________________

 and soil name | | Depth | | for | Uncoated |

 | Kind |to top | Hardness |frost action| steel | Concrete

_____________________|_________________|_______|_________________|____________|____________|____________

 | | In | | | |

 | | | | | |

BrE: | | | | | |

 Weikert-------------|Bedrock | 10-20 | --- |Moderate |Moderate |Moderate

 | (paralithic) | | | | |

 | | | | | |

BrF: | | | | | |

 Berks---------------|Bedrock | 20-40 | --- |Low |Low |High

 | (paralithic) | | | | |

 | | | | | |

 Weikert-------------|Bedrock | 10-20 | --- |Moderate |Moderate |Moderate

 | (paralithic) | | | | |

 | | | | | |

BtC: | | | | | |

 Blackthorn----------| --- | --- | --- |Low |Moderate |High

 | | | | | |

BtE: | | | | | |

 Blackthorn----------| --- | --- | --- |Low |Moderate |High

 | | | | | |

BxF: | | | | | |

 Briery--------------| --- | --- | --- |Moderate |Low |Low

 | | | | | |

 Rock outcrop--------|Bedrock (lithic) | 0-0 | --- | --- | --- | ---

 | | | | | |

CbC: | | | | | |

 Calvin--------------|Bedrock | 20-40 | --- |Moderate |Low |Moderate

 | (paralithic) | | | | |

 | | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------|Bedrock (lithic) | 20-40 | --- |Low |Low |High

 | | | | | |

 Berks---------------|Bedrock | 20-40 | --- |Low |Low |High

 | (paralithic) | | | | |

 | | | | | |

CbE: | | | | | |

 Calvin--------------|Bedrock | 20-40 | --- |Moderate |Low |Moderate

 | (paralithic) | | | | |

 | | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------|Bedrock (lithic) | 20-40 | --- |Low |Low |High

 | | | | | |

 Berks---------------|Bedrock | 20-40 | --- |Low |Low |High

 | (paralithic) | | | | |

 | | | | | |

CbF: | | | | | |

 Calvin--------------|Bedrock | 20-40 | --- |Moderate |Low |Moderate

 | (paralithic) | | | | |

 | | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------|Bedrock (lithic) | 20-40 | --- |Low |Low |High

 | | | | | |

 Berks---------------|Bedrock | 20-40 | --- |Low |Low |High

 | (paralithic) | | | | |

 | | | | | |

CeF: | | | | | |

 Caneyville----------|Bedrock (lithic) | 20-40 | --- | --- |High |Moderate

 | | | | | |

 Frederick-----------| --- | --- | --- |Moderate |Moderate |High

 | | | | | |

 Rock outcrop--------|Bedrock (lithic) | 0-4 | --- | --- | --- | ---

 | | | | | |

CfB: | | | | | |

 Cateache------------|Bedrock | 20-40 | --- |Moderate |Moderate |Moderate

 | (paralithic) | | | | |

 | | | | | |
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

755

Table 20.--Soil Features--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | Restrictive layer | | Risk of corrosion

 Map symbol |___________________________________________| Potential |_________________________

 and soil name | | Depth | | for | Uncoated |

 | Kind |to top | Hardness |frost action| steel | Concrete

_____________________|_________________|_______|_________________|____________|____________|____________

 | | In | | | |

 | | | | | |

CfC: | | | | | |

 Cateache------------|Bedrock | 20-40 | --- |Moderate |Moderate |Moderate

 | (paralithic) | | | | |

 | | | | | |

CfD: | | | | | |

 Cateache------------|Bedrock | 20-40 | --- |Moderate |Moderate |Moderate

 | (paralithic) | | | | |

 | | | | | |

CfE: | | | | | |

 Cateache------------|Bedrock | 20-40 | --- |Moderate |Moderate |Moderate

 | (paralithic) | | | | |

 | | | | | |

CfF: | | | | | |

 Cateache------------|Bedrock | 20-40 | --- |Moderate |Moderate |Moderate

 | (paralithic) | | | | |

 | | | | | |

CgC: | | | | | |

 Cateache------------|Bedrock | 20-40 | --- |Moderate |Moderate |Moderate

 | (paralithic) | | | | |

 | | | | | |

CgE: | | | | | |

 Cateache------------|Bedrock | 20-40 | --- |Moderate |Moderate |Moderate

 | (paralithic) | | | | |

 | | | | | |

CgF: | | | | | |

 Cateache------------|Bedrock | 20-40 | --- |Moderate |Moderate |Moderate

 | (paralithic) | | | | |

 | | | | | |

Ch: | | | | | |

 Chavies-------------| --- | --- | --- | --- |Low |Moderate

 | | | | | |

CpB: | | | | | |

 Cookport------------|Bedrock (lithic) | 40-60 | --- |Moderate |Moderate |Moderate

 | | | | | |

CuB: | | | | | |

 Culleoka------------|Bedrock | 20-40 | --- | --- |Low |Moderate

 | (paralithic) | | | | |

 | | | | | |

CuC: | | | | | |

 Culleoka------------|Bedrock | 20-40 | --- | --- |Low |Moderate

 | (paralithic) | | | | |

 | | | | | |

CuD: | | | | | |

 Culleoka------------|Bedrock | 20-40 | --- | --- |Low |Moderate

 | (paralithic) | | | | |

 | | | | | |

CyE: | | | | | |

 Culleoka------------|Bedrock | 20-40 | --- | --- |Low |Moderate

 | (paralithic) | | | | |

 | | | | | |

CyF: | | | | | |

 Culleoka------------|Bedrock | 20-40 | --- | --- |Low |Moderate

 | (paralithic) | | | | |

 | | | | | |

DeC: | | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------|Bedrock (lithic) | 20-40 | --- |Low |Low |High

 | | | | | |

DeE: | | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------|Bedrock (lithic) | 20-40 | --- |Low |Low |High

 | | | | | |

DeF: | | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------|Bedrock (lithic) | 20-40 | --- |Low |Low |High

 | | | | | |
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

756

Table 20.--Soil Features--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | Restrictive layer | | Risk of corrosion

 Map symbol |___________________________________________| Potential |_________________________

 and soil name | | Depth | | for | Uncoated |

 | Kind |to top | Hardness |frost action| steel | Concrete

_____________________|_________________|_______|_________________|____________|____________|____________

 | | In | | | |

 | | | | | |

DhC: | | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------|Bedrock (lithic) | 20-40 | --- |Low |Low |High

 | | | | | |

 Hazleton------------|Bedrock (lithic) | 40-60 | --- |Moderate |Low |High

 | | | | | |

DhE: | | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------|Bedrock (lithic) | 20-40 | --- |Low |Low |High

 | | | | | |

 Hazleton------------|Bedrock (lithic) | 40-60 | --- |Moderate |Low |High

 | | | | | |

DhF: | | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------|Bedrock (lithic) | 20-40 | --- |Low |Low |High

 | | | | | |

 Hazleton------------|Bedrock (lithic) | 40-60 | --- |Moderate |Low |High

 | | | | | |

DkF: | | | | | |

 Dekalb--------------|Bedrock (lithic) | 20-40 | --- |Low |Low |High

 | | | | | |

 Rock outcrop--------|Bedrock (lithic) | 0-4 | --- | --- | --- | ---

 | | | | | |

Du: | | | | | |

 Dunning-------------| --- | --- | --- | --- |High |Moderate

 | | | | | |

ElF: | | | | | |

 Elliber-------------| --- | --- | --- |Moderate |Low |High

 | | | | | |

ErB: | | | | | |

 Ernest--------------|Fragipan | --- |Noncemented |Moderate |Moderate |Moderate

 | | | | | |

EsC: | | | | | |

 Ernest--------------|Fragipan | --- |Noncemented |Moderate |Moderate |Moderate

 | | | | | |

FaE: | | | | | |

 Faywood-------------|Bedrock (lithic) | 20-40 | --- | --- |High |Moderate

 | | | | | |

FaF: | | | | | |

 Faywood-------------|Bedrock (lithic) | 20-40 | --- | --- |High |Moderate

 | | | | | |

FkB: | | | | | |

 Frankstown----------|Bedrock (lithic) | 40-80 | --- |Moderate |Moderate |Moderate

 | | | | | |

FkC: | | | | | |

 Frankstown----------|Bedrock (lithic) | 40-80 | --- |Moderate |Moderate |Moderate

 | | | | | |

FkD: | | | | | |

 Frankstown----------|Bedrock (lithic) | 40-80 | --- |Moderate |Moderate |Moderate

 | | | | | |

FoC: | | | | | |

 Frankstown----------|Bedrock (lithic) | 40-80 | --- |Moderate |Moderate |Moderate

 | | | | | |

FoE: | | | | | |

 Frankstown----------|Bedrock (lithic) | 40-80 | --- |Moderate |Moderate |Moderate

 | | | | | |

FrB: | | | | | |

 Frederick-----------| --- | --- | --- |Moderate |Moderate |High

 | | | | | |

FrC: | | | | | |

 Frederick-----------| --- | --- | --- |Moderate |Moderate |High

 | | | | | |

FrD: | | | | | |

 Frederick-----------| --- | --- | --- |Moderate |Moderate |High

 | | | | | |
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

757

Table 20.--Soil Features--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | Restrictive layer | | Risk of corrosion

 Map symbol |___________________________________________| Potential |_________________________

 and soil name | | Depth | | for | Uncoated |

 | Kind |to top | Hardness |frost action| steel | Concrete

_____________________|_________________|_______|_________________|____________|____________|____________

 | | In | | | |

 | | | | | |

FyC: | | | | | |

 Frederick-----------| --- | --- | --- |Moderate |Moderate |High

 | | | | | |

 Caneyville----------|Bedrock (lithic) | 20-40 | --- | --- |High |Moderate

 | | | | | |

FyE: | | | | | |

 Frederick-----------| --- | --- | --- |Moderate |Moderate |High

 | | | | | |

 Caneyville----------|Bedrock (lithic) | 20-40 | --- |Moderate |High |Moderate

 | | | | | |

GaC: | | | | | |

 Gauley--------------|Bedrock (lithic) | 20-40 | --- |Moderate |Low |High

 | | | | | |

GaE: | | | | | |

 Gauley--------------|Bedrock (lithic) | 20-40 | --- |Moderate |Low |High

 | | | | | |

GnC: | | | | | |

 Gilpin--------------|Bedrock | 20-40 | --- |Moderate |Low |High

 | (paralithic) | | | | |

 | | | | | |

GnD: | | | | | |

 Gilpin--------------|Bedrock | 20-40 | --- |Moderate |Low |High

 | (paralithic) | | | | |

 | | | | | |

GpC: | | | | | |

 Gilpin--------------|Bedrock | 20-40 | --- |Moderate |Low |High

 | (paralithic) | | | | |

 | | | | | |

GpE: | | | | | |

 Gilpin--------------|Bedrock | 20-40 | --- |Moderate |Low |High

 | (paralithic) | | | | |

 | | | | | |

Ho: | | | | | |

 Holly---------------| --- | --- | --- |High |High |Moderate

 | | | | | |

KxF: | | | | | |

 Kaymine-------------| --- | --- | --- |Moderate |Low |Low

 | | | | | |

 Rock outcrop--------|Bedrock (lithic) | 0-4 | --- | --- | --- | ---

 | | | | | |

LcC: | | | | | |

 Leatherbark---------|Bedrock (lithic) | 20-40 | --- | --- |High |High

 | | | | | |

LgB: | | | | | |

 Lily----------------|Bedrock (lithic) | 20-40 | --- | --- |Moderate |High

 | | | | | |

LgC: | | | | | |

 Lily----------------|Bedrock (lithic) | 20-40 | --- | --- |Moderate |High

 | | | | | |

LhE: | | | | | |

 Lily----------------|Bedrock (lithic) | 20-40 | --- | --- |Moderate |High

 | | | | | |

Lo: | | | | | |

 Lobdell-------------| --- | --- | --- |High |Low |Moderate

 | | | | | |

MaB: | | | | | |

 Macove--------------| --- | --- | --- |Moderate |Moderate |Moderate

 | | | | | |

MaC: | | | | | |

 Macove--------------| --- | --- | --- |Moderate |Moderate |Moderate

 | | | | | |
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

758

Table 20.--Soil Features--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | Restrictive layer | | Risk of corrosion

 Map symbol |___________________________________________| Potential |_________________________

 and soil name | | Depth | | for | Uncoated |

 | Kind |to top | Hardness |frost action| steel | Concrete

_____________________|_________________|_______|_________________|____________|____________|____________

 | | In | | | |

 | | | | | |

MaD: | | | | | |

 Macove--------------| --- | --- | --- |Moderate |Moderate |Moderate

 | | | | | |

McC: | | | | | |

 Macove--------------| --- | --- | --- |Moderate |Moderate |Moderate

 | | | | | |

McE: | | | | | |

 Macove--------------| --- | --- | --- |Moderate |Moderate |Moderate

 | | | | | |

MeF: | | | | | |

 Macove--------------| --- | --- | --- |Moderate |Moderate |Moderate

 | | | | | |

 Gilpin--------------|Bedrock | 20-40 | --- |Moderate |Low |High

 | (paralithic) | | | | |

 | | | | | |

MkC: | | | | | |

 Mandy---------------|Bedrock | 20-40 | --- |Low |Low |High

 | (paralithic) | | | | |

 | | | | | |

MkE: | | | | | |

 Mandy---------------|Bedrock | 20-40 | --- |Low |Low |High

 | (paralithic) | | | | |

 | | | | | |

MkF: | | | | | |

 Mandy---------------|Bedrock | 20-40 | --- |Low |Low |High

 | (paralithic) | | | | |

 | | | | | |

MkG: | | | | | |

 Mandy---------------|Bedrock | 20-40 | --- |Low |Low |High

 | (paralithic) | | | | |

 | | | | | |

Ml: | | | | | |

 Melvin--------------| --- | --- | --- | --- |High |Low

 | | | | | |

 Lindside------------| --- | --- | --- |High |Moderate |Low

 | | | | | |

MzC: | | | | | |

 Mertz---------------| --- | --- | --- |Moderate |Moderate |High

 | | | | | |

MzE: | | | | | |

 Mertz---------------| --- | --- | --- |Moderate |Moderate |High

 | | | | | |

No: | | | | | |

 Nolin---------------| --- | --- | --- | --- |Low |Moderate

 | | | | | |

Ph: | | | | | |

 Philo---------------| --- | --- | --- |Moderate |Low |High

 | | | | | |

Po: | | | | | |

 Pope----------------| --- | --- | --- |Moderate |Low |High

 | | | | | |

Pt: | | | | | |

 Potomac-------------| --- | --- | --- |Low |Low |Moderate

 | | | | | |

PuA: | | | | | |

 Purdy---------------| --- | --- | --- |High |High |High

 | | | | | |

Qu: | | | | | |

 Quarry--------------|Bedrock (lithic) | 0-4 | --- | --- | --- | ---

 | | | | | |

Se: | | | | | |

 Sensabaugh----------| --- | --- | --- | --- |Low |Low

 | | | | | |
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

759

Table 20.--Soil Features--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | Restrictive layer | | Risk of corrosion

 Map symbol |___________________________________________| Potential |_________________________

 and soil name | | Depth | | for | Uncoated |

 | Kind |to top | Hardness |frost action| steel | Concrete

_____________________|_________________|_______|_________________|____________|____________|____________

 | | In | | | |

 | | | | | |

SfB: | | | | | |

 Shouns--------------| --- | --- | --- | --- |Moderate |Moderate

 | | | | | |

SfC: | | | | | |

 Shouns--------------| --- | --- | --- | --- |Moderate |Moderate

 | | | | | |

ShC: | | | | | |

 Shouns--------------| --- | --- | --- |Moderate |Moderate |Moderate

 | | | | | |

ShE: | | | | | |

 Shouns--------------| --- | --- | --- |Moderate |Moderate |Moderate

 | | | | | |

ShF: | | | | | |

 Shouns--------------| --- | --- | --- |Moderate |Moderate |Moderate

 | | | | | |

SmC: | | | | | |

 Simoda--------------|Bedrock (lithic) | 45-72 | --- |Moderate |Moderate |High

 | | | | | |

SoC: | | | | | |

 Snowdog-------------| --- | --- | --- |Moderate |Moderate |High

 | | | | | |

SoE: | | | | | |

 Snowdog-------------| --- | --- | --- |Moderate |Moderate |High

 | | | | | |

SoF: | | | | | |

 Snowdog-------------| --- | --- | --- |Moderate |Moderate |High

 | | | | | |

SvC: | | | | | |

 Summers-------------|Bedrock (lithic) | 20-40 | --- |Moderate |Low |High

 | | | | | |

Tp: | | | | | |

 Tioga---------------| --- | --- | --- |Moderate |Low |Moderate

 | | | | | |

 Potomac-------------| --- | --- | --- |Low |Low |Moderate

 | | | | | |

TrC: | | | | | |

 Trussel-------------| --- | --- | --- |High |High |High

 | | | | | |

Uf: | | | | | |

 Udifluvents---------| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---

 | | | | | |

 Fluvaquents---------| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---

 | | | | | |

Ux: | | | | | |

 Udorthents----------| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---

 | | | | | |

 Rock outcrop--------|Bedrock (lithic) | 0-4 | --- | --- | --- | ---

 | | | | | |

WeC: | | | | | |

 Weikert-------------|Bedrock | 10-20 | --- |Moderate |Moderate |Moderate

 | (paralithic) | | | | |

 | | | | | |

WeD: | | | | | |

 Weikert-------------|Bedrock | 10-20 | --- |Moderate |Moderate |Moderate

 | (paralithic) | | | | |

 | | | | | |

WeF: | | | | | |

 Weikert-------------|Bedrock | 10-20 | --- |Moderate |Moderate |Moderate

 | (paralithic) | | | | |

 | | | | | |
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

760

Table 20.--Soil Features--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | Restrictive layer | | Risk of corrosion

 Map symbol |___________________________________________| Potential |_________________________

 and soil name | | Depth | | for | Uncoated |

 | Kind |to top | Hardness |frost action| steel | Concrete

_____________________|_________________|_______|_________________|____________|____________|____________

 | | In | | | |

 | | | | | |

WrG: | | | | | |

 Weikert-------------|Bedrock | 10-20 | --- |Moderate |Moderate |Moderate

 | (paralithic) | | | | |

 | | | | | |

 Berks---------------|Bedrock | 20-40 | --- |Low |Low |High

 | (paralithic) | | | | |

 | | | | | |

 Rough---------------|Bedrock (lithic) | 4-10 | --- |Moderate |High |High

 | | | | | |

ZoA: | | | | | |

 Zoar----------------| --- | --- | --- |Moderate |High |High

_____________________|_________________|_______|_________________|____________|____________|____________
Soil Survey of Greenbrier County, West Virginia

761

Table 21.--Classification of the Soils

______________________________________________________________________________________________________

 |

 Soil name | Family or higher taxonomic class

__________________________|___________________________________________________________________________

 |

 Allegheny----------------|Fine-loamy, mixed, semiactive, mesic Typic Hapludults

 Atkins-------------------|Fine-loamy, mixed, active, acid, mesic Fluvaquentic Endoaquepts

 Belmont------------------|Fine-loamy, mixed, active, mesic Typic Hapludalfs

 Berks--------------------|Loamy-skeletal, mixed, active, mesic Typic Dystrudepts

 Blackthorn---------------|Loamy-skeletal, mixed, semiactive, mesic Typic Hapludults

 Briery-------------------|Loamy-skeletal, mixed, active, nonacid, frigid Typic Udorthents

 Calvin-------------------|Loamy-skeletal, mixed, active, mesic Typic Dystrudepts

 Caneyville---------------|Fine, mixed, active, mesic Typic Hapludalfs

 Cateache-----------------|Fine-loamy, mixed, active, mesic Ultic Hapludalfs

 Chavies------------------|Coarse-loamy, mixed, active, mesic Ultic Hapludalfs

 Cookport-----------------|Fine-loamy, mixed, active, mesic Aquic Fragiudults

 Culleoka-----------------|Fine-loamy, mixed, active, mesic Ultic Hapludalfs

 Dekalb-------------------|Loamy-skeletal, mixed, active, mesic Typic Dystrudepts

 Dunning------------------|Fine, mixed, active, mesic Fluvaquentic Endoaquolls

 Elliber------------------|Loamy-skeletal, mixed, semiactive, mesic Typic Hapludults

 Ernest-------------------|Fine-loamy, mixed, superactive, mesic Aquic Fragiudults

 Faywood------------------|Fine, mixed, active, mesic Typic Hapludalfs

 Fluvaquents--------------|Fluvaquents

 Frankstown---------------|Fine-loamy, mixed, semiactive, mesic Typic Hapludults

 Frederick----------------|Fine, mixed, semiactive, mesic Typic Paleudults

 Gauley-------------------|Loamy-skeletal, siliceous, superactive, frigid Typic Haplorthods

 Gilpin-------------------|Fine-loamy, mixed, semiactive, mesic Typic Hapludults

 Hazleton-----------------|Loamy-skeletal, siliceous, active, mesic Typic Dystrudepts

 Holly--------------------|Fine-loamy, mixed, active, nonacid, mesic Fluvaquentic Endoaquepts

 Kaymine------------------|Loamy-skeletal, mixed, active, nonacid, mesic Typic Udorthents

 Leatherbark--------------|Fine-loamy, mixed, subactive, frigid Aquic Dystrudepts

 Lily---------------------|Fine-loamy, siliceous, semiactive, mesic Typic Hapludults

 Lindside-----------------|Fine-silty, mixed, active, mesic Fluvaquentic Eutrudepts

 Lobdell------------------|Fine-loamy, mixed, active, mesic Fluvaquentic Eutrudepts

 Macove-------------------|Loamy-skeletal, mixed, active, mesic Typic Hapludults

 Mandy--------------------|Loamy-skeletal, mixed, active, frigid Typic Dystrudepts

 Melvin-------------------|Fine-silty, mixed, active, nonacid, mesic Fluvaquentic Endoaquepts

 Mertz--------------------|Loamy-skeletal, mixed, semiactive, mesic Typic Hapludults

 Nolin--------------------|Fine-silty, mixed, active, mesic Dystric Fluventic Eutrudepts

 Philo--------------------|Coarse-loamy, mixed, active, mesic Fluvaquentic Dystrudepts

 Pope---------------------|Coarse-loamy, mixed, active, mesic Fluventic Dystrudepts

 Potomac------------------|Sandy-skeletal, mixed, mesic Typic Udifluvents

 Purdy--------------------|Fine, mixed, active, mesic Typic Endoaquults

 Rough--------------------|Loamy-skeletal, mixed, active, acid, mesic Lithic Udorthents

 Sensabaugh---------------|Fine-loamy, mixed, semiactive, mesic Dystric Fluventic Eutrudepts

 Shouns-------------------|Fine-loamy, mixed, semiactive, mesic Typic Hapludults

 Simoda-------------------|Fine-loamy, mixed, semiactive, frigid Typic Fragiudepts

 Snowdog------------------|Fine-loamy, siliceous, active, frigid Typic Fragiudepts

 Summers------------------|Loamy-skeletal, siliceous, active, frigid Humic Dystrudepts

 Tioga--------------------|Coarse-loamy, mixed, superactive, mesic Dystric Fluventic Eutrudepts

 Trussel------------------|Fine-loamy, mixed, semiactive, frigid Aeric Fragiaquepts

 Udifluvents--------------|Udifluvents

 Udorthents---------------|Udorthents

 Weikert------------------|Loamy-skeletal, mixed, active, mesic Lithic Dystrudepts

 Zoar---------------------|Fine, mixed, semiactive, mesic Aquic Hapludults

__________________________|___________________________________________________________________________
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