SUPERIOR COURT OF NEW JERSEY

APPELLATE DIVISION

DOCKET NO. A-1552-18T1

M.R.,

Appellant,

v.

D.H.,

Defendant-Respondent.

__________________________

Submitted October 2, 2019 – Decided January 6, 2020

Before Judges Fasciale and Mitterhoff.

On appeal from the Superior Court of New Jersey, 

Chancery Division, Family Part, Mercer County, 

Docket No. FD-11-0088-78.

Eric M. Arnovitz, attorney for appellant Middlesex 

County Board of Social Services.

Steven M. Cytryn, attorney for respondent.

PER CURIAM

Plaintiff, the Middlesex County Board of Social Services (MCBSS), 

appeals from a November 1, 2018 order vacating MCBSS's 1991 child-support 

NOT FOR PUBLICATION WITHOUT THE

APPROVAL OF THE APPELLATE DIVISION

This opinion shall not "constitute precedent or be binding upon any court." Although it is posted on the 

internet, this opinion is binding only on the parties in the case and its use in other cases is limited. R. 1:36-3.
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judgment against defendant D.H. Judge Brian McLaughlin determined that 

enforcement of the judgment was time-barred by the twenty-year statute of 

limitations set forth in N.J.S.A. 2A:14-5. The judge also found that enforcement 

of the judgment would be inequitable given MCBSS's failure to take any action 

to enforce or revive the judgment for over twenty-seven years. We affirm, 

substantially for the reasons set forth in Judge McLaughlin's written statement 

of reasons, adding the following brief remarks. 

We discern the following facts from the record. Defendant and M.R. were

never married but had two children. Both children are now in their forties. M.

R. passed away on June 17, 1989.

1

 On June 18, 1991, two years after M.R.'s 

death, plaintiff obtained a judgment against defendant for $15,170, allegedly for 

public assistance provided to defendant's children when they were minors.2 

Twenty-seven years after the entry of judgment, defendant settled a claim for 

personal injuries against Best Buy. After defendant's personal injury attorney 

1

 Samuel Peterson, who the court appointed as the administrator of M.R.'s

estate, passed away in or about 2001. 

2

 There is nothing in the record to establish whether the judgment was for 

"public assistance" for defendant's children or for unpaid child support; 

therefore, it is not clear whether defendant owed these funds to the State or to 

M.R. We note that the judgment search on the judiciary website lists plaintiff 

as the creditor and identifies the debt as "probation child support."
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requested a child support judgment search as required by N.J.S.A. 2A:17-

56.23b(b)(2), the attorney was advised of the outstanding 1991 judgment. After 

plaintiff indicated it would not execute a warrant to satisfy judgment unless 

payment was received in full, defendant filed the within action seeking to vacate 

the judgment as time-barred, and on the grounds that enforcement would be 

inequitable given plaintiff's failure to take any action either to enforce the 

judgment or revive it in the intervening twenty-seven years. 

By order and written opinion dated October 18, 2018, Judge McLaughlin 

granted defendant's application and vacated the 1991 judgment. The judge 

found that although child support judgments may be prioritized over other 

judgments under N.J.S.A. 2A:17-56.23b, "the statute, by its own terms, did not 

carve out an exception to the limitations period . . . set forth in N.J.S.A. 2A:14-

5." Citing our Supreme Court's decision in Goff v. Hunt, 6 N.J. 600, 607 (1951), 

the judge reasoned that "specific statutory construction will prevail over a 

general provision with which it is in potential conflict." The judge also found 

that equity favored granting the relief requested by defendant, explaining that 

"the child support obligee has been dead for nearly 30 years, the children have 

long since been emancipated, and plaintiff . . . neither took prior steps to enforce 
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the judgment, nor [sought] to revive the judgment prior to its expiration by 

instituting a proceeding under N.J.S.A. 2A:14-5." 

This appeal ensued. On appeal, plaintiff presents the following argument 

for our review:

POINT I

THE JUDGMENT AGAINST RESPONDENT 

SHOULD NOT BE VACATED.

A. The Legislature Intended To Exclude Child Support 

Judgments from the [Twenty]-year Limitations On 

Actions.

B. The Legislature Was Aware Of The Provisions Of 

N.J.S.A. 2A:17-56.23b.

C. The Vacating Of The Judgment Is Against Public 

Policy.

D. Child Support Judgments Are Also Given Special 

Status Under Federal Law.

The resolution of this appeal turns on the statutory interpretation of two 

statutes: N.J.S.A. 34:11-56a25.2, which establishes the priority of child support 

judgments as a lien against the net proceeds of a verdict or settlement, and 

N.J.S.A. 2A:14-5, which establishes a twenty-year statute of limitations for the 

enforcement of judgments. We review issues of statutory construction de novo. 

Cashin v. Bello, 223 N.J. 328, 335 (2015). A principle tenet of statutory 
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interpretation is that the court aims to "ascertain and effectuate the Legislature's 

intent." Ibid. "To do that, we look first to the statute's actual language and 

ascribe to its words their ordinary meaning." Kean Fed'n of Teachers v. Morell, 

233 N.J. 566, 583 (2018) (citation omitted). Where a statute's legislative intent 

"is clear on its face, the court need not look beyond the statutory terms to 

determine the legislative intent." Johnson Mach. Co. v. Manville Sales Corp., 

248 N.J. Super. 285, 304 (App. Div. 1991) (quoting State v. Churchdale Leasing, 

Inc., 115 N.J. 83, 101 (1989)).

N.J.S.A. 2A:17-56.23b(b)(2) imposes a duty upon attorneys, insurance 

companies and other agents to request a child support judgment search prior to 

distributing the proceeds of any lawsuit, civil judgment, civil arbitration award, 

inheritance or workers' compensation award. If the search reveals a child 

support judgment, the statute dictates that the judgment is a lien against the net 

proceeds of any settlement or other recovery. N.J.S.A. 2A:17-56.23b(a). The 

statute further provides that the lien shall stay the distribution of the net proceeds 

to the prevailing party or beneficiary until the child support judgment is satisfied

in full. Ibid.

As Judge McLaughlin noted, however, the statute does not, explicitly or 

implicitly, create an exception for child support judgments from N.J.S.A. 2A:14-
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5, the limitations law generally applicable to all judgments. To the contrary, 

N.J.S.A. 2A:17-56.23a expressly states that child support judgments, "once 

docketed with the Clerk of the Superior Court, shall have the same force and 

effect, be enforced in the same manner and be subject to the same priorities as a 

civil money judgment entered by the court." The plain language of the statute 

clearly demonstrates that the legislature intended child-support judgments to 

have equal, but not superior, status vis a vis all other civil judgments. See

Johnson Mach. Co., 248 N.J. Super. at 304.

Equally clear is the language of N.J.S.A. 2A:14-5, which provides that 

"[a] judgment in any court of record in this state may be revived by proper 

proceedings or an action at law may be commenced thereon within [twenty]

years next after the date thereof, but not thereafter." Here, plaintiff failed to 

take any action to enforce or revive the judgment in the twenty-seven 

intervening years between entry of the judgment and its learning of the Best Buy 

settlement. Therefore, plaintiff's belated attempt to seek enforcement of the 

expired judgment is unquestionably time-barred.

To the extent we have not specifically addressed any remaining arguments 

raised by the parties, we conclude they lack sufficient merit to warrant 

discussion in a written opinion. R. 2:11-3(e)(1)(E).
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Affirmed.