2010 chMar 245 Number 10, iesSer

Health Behaviors of Adults:

United States, 2005–2007
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Schoenborn CA, Adams PF. Health behaviors of adults: United States,

2005–2007. National Center for Health Statistics. Vital Health Stat 10(245).

2010.

Library of Congress Catalog Number 362.1’0973’021s—dc21

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Printed on acid-free paper.
Series 10, Number 245

Health Behaviors of Adults:

United States, 2005–2007

Data From the National Health

Interview Survey

U.S. DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

National Center for Health Statistics

Hyattsville, Maryland

March 2010

DHHS Publication No. (PHS) 2010–1573
National Center for Health Statistics

Edward J. Sondik, Ph.D., Director

Jennifer H. Madans, Ph.D., Associate Director for Science

Division of Health Interview Statistics

Jane F. Gentleman, Ph.D., Director
Contents
 

Abstract . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 
 

Chapter 1. Introduction ...................................................................................... 1 
 

Chapter 2. Methods......................................................................................... 3 
 

Data Source ............................................................................................. 3 
 

Measurement of Health Behaviors ........................................................................... 3 
 

Strengths and Limitations of the Data ........................................................................ 5 
 

Statistical Analysis ....................................................................................... 6 
 

Chapter 3. Alcohol Use ..................................................................................... 7 
 

All Adults. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 
 

Sex . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 
 

Age. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 
 

Race ................................................................................................... 7 
 

Hispanic or Latino Origin and Race.......................................................................... 8 
 

Education ............................................................................................... 8 
 

Poverty Status ........................................................................................... 9 
 

Marital Status............................................................................................ 9 
 

Geographic Region ...................................................................................... 10 
 

Chapter 4. Cigarette Smoking ............................................................................... 19 
 

All Adults. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 
 

Sex . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 
 

Age. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 
 

Race .................................................................................................. 20 
 

Hispanic or Latino Origin and Race......................................................................... 20 
 

Education .............................................................................................. 21 
 

Poverty Status .......................................................................................... 21 
 

Marital Status........................................................................................... 21 
 

Geographic Region ...................................................................................... 22 
 

Chapter 5. Leisure-time Physical Activity ..................................................................... 38 
 

All Adults. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38 
 

Sex . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38 
 

Age. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38 
 

Race .................................................................................................. 38 
 

Hispanic or Latino Origin and Race......................................................................... 38 
 

Education .............................................................................................. 39 
 

Poverty Status .......................................................................................... 39 
 

Marital Status........................................................................................... 39 
 

Geographic Region ...................................................................................... 40 
 

iii
Chapter 6. Body Weight Status............................................................................... 54 
 

All Adults. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54 
 

Sex . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54 
 

Age. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54 
 

Race .................................................................................................. 54 
 

Hispanic or Latino Origin and Race......................................................................... 54 
 

Education .............................................................................................. 55 
 

Poverty Status .......................................................................................... 55 
 

Marital Status........................................................................................... 55 
 

Geographic Region ...................................................................................... 56 
 

Chapter 7. Sleep .......................................................................................... 61 
 

All Adults. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61 
 

Sex . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61 
 

Age. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61 
 

Race .................................................................................................. 61 
 

Hispanic or Latino Origin and Race......................................................................... 61 
 

Education .............................................................................................. 61 
 

Poverty Status .......................................................................................... 62 
 

Marital Status........................................................................................... 62 
 

Geographic Region ...................................................................................... 62 
 

Chapter 8. Summary and Conclusions ......................................................................... 66 
 

Summary .............................................................................................. 66 
 

Conclusions ............................................................................................ 67 
 

References ............................................................................................... 75 
 

Appendix I. Technical Notes on Methods ...................................................................... 77 
 

Sample Design.......................................................................................... 77 
 

Response Rates ......................................................................................... 77 
 

Item Nonresponse ....................................................................................... 77 
 

Imputed Income......................................................................................... 77 
 

Age Adjustment ......................................................................................... 77 
 

Tests of Significance ..................................................................................... 78 
 

Relative Standard Error................................................................................... 78 
 

Appendix II. Definitions of Selected Terms..................................................................... 79 
 

Definitions of Sociodemographic Terms ..................................................................... 79 
 

Definitions of Health Behavior Terms ....................................................................... 79 
 

Appendix III. Health Behavior Questions ...................................................................... 82 
 

Alcohol Use ............................................................................................ 82 
 

Cigarette Smoking ....................................................................................... 82 
 

Leisure-time Physical Activity ............................................................................. 82 
 

Body Weight and Height.................................................................................. 82 
 

Sleep. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82 
 

Appendix IV. Tables of Unadjusted Estimates................................................................... 83 
 

Figures

Chapter 3

3.1.	 Percentage of adults who were current drinkers, by age and sex: United States, 2005–2007 ........................ 7 
 

3.2.	 Percentage of adults who had five or more drinks in 1 day at least once in past year, by age and sex: United States,
 

2005–2007.......................................................................................... 7 
 

3.3.	 Percentage of adults who were current drinkers, by race and sex: United States, 2005–2007........................ 8 
 

3.4.	 Percentage of adults who had five or more drinks in 1 day at least once in past year, by race and sex: United States,
 

2005–2007.......................................................................................... 8 
 

3.5.	 Percentage of adults who had five or more drinks in 1 day at least once in past year, by Hispanic origin and race
 

and sex: United States, 2005–2007 ...................................................................... 9 
 

iv
3.6.	 Percentage of adults who were current drinkers, by education and sex: United States, 2005–2007 ................... 9 
 

3.7.	 Percentage of adults who had five or more drinks in 1 day at least once in past year, by education: United States,
 

2005–2007......................................................................................... 10 
 

Chapter 4
 

4.1.	 Percent distributions of current cigarette smoking status of adults, by sex: United States, 2005–2007 ............... 19 
 

4.2.	 Percent distribution of number of days smoked in the past 30 days among adult nondaily smokers: United States,
 

2005–2007......................................................................................... 19 
 

4.3.	 Percent distribution of usual number of cigarettes on days smoked among all adult current smokers: United States,
 

2005–2007......................................................................................... 20 
 

4.4.	 Percent distribution of age of smoking initiation among all adult current smokers: United States, 2005–2007 ......... 20 
 

4.5.	 Percentage of adult current smokers who tried to quit in the past year, by age and smoking frequency: United States,
 

2005–2007......................................................................................... 21 
 

4.6.	 Mean number of cigarettes on days smoked by adult current smokers, by Hispanic origin and race and sex,
 

United States, 2005–2007............................................................................. 21 
 

4.7.	 Percentage of adult current smokers who started smoking younger than 16 years of age, by level of education:
 

United States, 2005–2007............................................................................. 22 
 

Chapter 5
 

5.1.	 Percentage of adults who engaged in leisure-time physical activity, by level of activity and age: United States,
 

2005–2007 ........................................................................................ 38 
 

5.2.	 Percentage of adults who engaged in at least some leisure-time strengthening activity, by sex and age: United States,
 

2005–2007......................................................................................... 38 
 

5.3.	 Percentage of adults who engaged in leisure-time physical activity, by level of activity and education: United States,
 

2005–2007......................................................................................... 39 
 

5.4.	 Percentage of adults who engaged in leisure-time physical activity, by level of activity and poverty status:
 

United States, 2005–2007 ............................................................................ 39 
 

Chapter 6
 

6.1.	 Percent distribution of body weight status of adults, by sex: United States, 2005–2007 ........................... 54 
 

6.2.	 Percentage of adults who were obese, by age and sex: United States, 2005–2007 ............................... 54 
 

6.3.	 Percentage of adults who were overweight (including obese), by sex and race: United States, 2005–2007............ 55 
 

6.4.	 Percent distributions of body weight status of adults, by Hispanic origin and race: United States, 2005–2007......... 55 
 

6.5.	 Percentage of adults who were obese, by education and sex: United States, 2005–2007 .......................... 56 
 

6.6.	 Percentage of adults who were obese, by poverty status and sex: United States, 2005–2007 ....................... 56 
 

Chapter 7
 

7.1.	 Percent distributions of hours of sleep in a 24-hour period, by sex: United States, 2005–2007 ..................... 61 
 

7.2.	 Percentage of adults who slept 6 hours or less in a 24-hour period, by marital status: United States, 2005–2007 ...... 61 
 

Text Tables

Chapter 3
 

3.1.	 Age-adjusted percent distributions (with standard errors) of lifetime alcohol drinking status for adults 18 years of
 

age and over, by selected characteristics: United States, average annual, 2005–2007 ............................. 11 
 

3.2.	 Age-adjusted percent distributions (with standard errors) of current alcohol drinking status for adults 18 years of age
 

and over, by selected characteristics: United States, average annual, 2005–2007................................. 14 
 

3.3.	 Age-adjusted percentages (with standard errors) of adults 18 years of age and over who had five or more drinks in
 

1 day at least once in the past year, and age-adjusted percentages (with standard errors) of adults 18 years of age and
 

over who had five or more drinks in 1 day on at least 12 days in the past year, by selected characteristics:
 

United States, average annual, 2005–2007 ............................................................... 17 
 

3.4.	 Age-adjusted percentages (with standard errors) of current drinkers 18 years of age and over who had five or
 

more drinks in 1 day at least once in the past year, and age-adjusted percentages (with standard errors) of current
 

drinkers 18 years of age and over who had five or more drinks in 1 day on at least 12 days in the past year, by
 

selected characteristics: United States, average annual, 2005–2007 ........................................... 18 
 

v
Chapter 4

4.1.	 Age-adjusted percent distributions (with standard errors) of lifetime cigarette smoking status for adults 18 years of
 

age and over, by selected characteristics: United States, average annual, 2005–2007 ............................. 23 
 

4.2.	 Age-adjusted percent distributions (with standard errors) of current cigarette smoking status for adults 18 years of
 

age and over, and age-adjusted mean number (with standard errors) of cigarettes on days smoked among current
 

smokers 18 years of age and over, by selected characteristics: United States, average annual, 2005–2007 ............ 26 
 

4.3.	 Age-adjusted percent distributions (with standard errors) of usual number of cigarettes on days smoked among all
 

current cigarette smokers 18 years of age and over, by selected characteristics: United States, average annual,
 

2005–2007......................................................................................... 29 
 

4.4.	 Age-adjusted percent distributions (with standard errors) of age of smoking initiation among current cigarette smokers
 

18 years of age and over: United States, average annual, 2005–2007.......................................... 32 
 

4.5.	 Age-adjusted percentages (with standard errors) of current cigarette smokers 18 years of age and over who tried to
 

quit smoking in the past year, by current smoking status and selected characteristics: United States, average annual,
 

2005–2007......................................................................................... 35 
 

Chapter 5
 

5.1.	 Age-adjusted percent distributions (with standard errors) of leisure-time physical activity status for adults 18 years
 

of age and over and age-adjusted percentages (with standard errors) of adults 18 years of age and over who engaged
 

in some but less than regular and regular leisure-time physical activity, by selected characteristics: United States,
 

average annual, 2005–2007 ........................................................................... 41 
 

5.2.	 Age-adjusted percent distributions (with standard errors) of times per week engaged in light-moderate leisure-time
 

physical activity for adults 18 years of age and over, by selected characteristics: United States, average annual,
 

2005–2007......................................................................................... 44 
 

5.3.	 Age-adjusted percent distributions (with standard errors) of times per week engaged in vigorous leisure-time physical
 

activity for adults 18 years of age and over, by selected characteristics: United States, average annual, 2005–2007 .... 47 
 

5.4.	 Age-adjusted percentages (with standard errors) of adults 18 years of age and over who engaged in regular leisure-time
 

physical activity, by type of activity and selected characteristics, United States, average annual, 2005–2007 .......... 50 
 

5.5.	 Age-adjusted percentages (with standard errors) of adults 18 years of age and over who engaged in any leisure-time
 

strengthening activities, by selected characteristics: United States, average annual, 2005–2007 ..................... 53 
 

Chapter 6
 

6.1.	 Age-adjusted percentages (with standard errors) of adults 18 years of age and over who were overweight, by selected
 

characteristics: United States, average annual, 2005–2007................................................... 57 
 

6.2.	 Age-adjusted percent distributions (with standard errors) of body weight status for adults 18 years of age and over,
 

by selected characteristics: United States, average annual, 2005–2007......................................... 58 
 

Chapter 7
 

7.1.	 Age-adjusted percent distributions (with standard errors) of usual hours of sleep for adults 18 years of age and over,
 

by selected characteristics: United States, average annual, 2005–2007......................................... 63 
 

Chapter 8
 

8.1.	 Age-adjusted percentages (with standard errors) of adults 18 years of age and over who engaged in selected unhealthy
 

behaviors, by selected characteristics: United States, average annual, 2005–2007 ................................ 69 
 

8.2.	 Age-adjusted percentages (with standard errors) of adults 18 years of age over who engaged in selected healthy
 

behaviors, by selected characteristics: United States, average annual, 2005–2007 ................................ 72 
 

Appendix Tables

I.	 Completed interviews and response rates by year: National Health Interview Survey, 2005–2007................... 77 
 

II.	 Age distribution used in age-adjusting data shown in chapters 3–8 ........................................... 78 
 

III.	 Crude percent distributions (with standard errors) of lifetime alcohol drinking status for adults 18 years of age and
 

over, by selected characteristics: United States, average annual, 2005–2007 .................................... 83 
 

IV.	 Crude percent distributions (with standard errors) of current alcohol drinking status for adults 18 years of age and
 

over, by selected characteristics: United States, average annual, 2005–2007 .................................... 86 
 

V.	 Crude percentages (with standard errors) of adults 18 years of age and over who had five or more drinks in 1 day at
 

least once in the past year, and crude percentages (with standard errors) of adults 18 years of age and over who had
 

five or more drinks in 1 day on at least 12 days in the past year, by selected characteristics: United States, average
 

annual, 2005–2007 .................................................................................. 89 
 

vi
VI.	 Crude percentages (with standard errors) of current drinkers 18 years of age and over who had five or more drinks
 

in 1 day at least once in the past year, and crude percentages (with standard errors) who had five or more drinks in
 

1 day on at least 12 days in the past year, by selected characteristics: United States, average annual, 2005–2007...... 90 
 

VII.	 Crude percent distributions (with standard errors) of lifetime cigarette smoking status for adults 18 years of age and
 

over, by selected characteristics: United States, average annual, 2005–2007 .................................... 91 
 

VIII.	 Crude percent distributions (with standard errors) of current cigarette smoking status for adults 18 years of age and
 

over, and crude mean number (with standard errors) of cigarettes on days smoked among current smokers 18 years
 

of age and over, by selected characteristics: United States, average annual, 2005–2007 ........................... 94 
 

IX.	 Crude percent distributions (with standard errors) of usual number of cigarettes on days smoked among all current
 

cigarette smokers 18 years of age and over, by selected characteristics: United States, average annual, 2005–2007 .... 97 
 

X.	 Crude percent distributions (with standard errors) of age of smoking initiation among current cigarette smokers
 

18 years of age and over: United States, average annual, 2005–2007......................................... 100 
 

XI.	 Crude percentages (with standard errors) of current cigarette smokers 18 years of age and over who tried to quit
 

smoking in the past year, by current smoking status and selected characteristics: United States, average annual,
 

2005–2007........................................................................................ 103 
 

XII.	 Crude percent distributions (with standard errors) of leisure-time physical activity status for adults 18 years of age and
 

over and crude percentages (with standard errors) of adults 18 years of age and over who engaged in some but less
 

than regular and regular leisure-time physical activity, by selected characteristics: United States, average annual,
 

2005–2007........................................................................................ 106 
 

XIII.	 Crude percent distributions (with standard errors) of times per week engaged in light-moderate leisure-time physical
 

activity for adults 18 years of age and over, by selected characteristics: United States, average annual, 2005–2007 . . . 109
 

XIV.	 Crude percent distributions (with standard errors) of times per week engaged in vigorous leisure-time physical activity
 

for adults 18 years of age and over, by selected characteristics: United States, average annual, 2005–2007 .......... 112 
 

XV.	 Crude percentages (with standard errors) of adults 18 years of age and over who engaged in regular leisure-time
 

physical activity, by type of activity and selected characteristics, United States, average annual, 2005–2007 ......... 115 
 

XVI.	 Crude percentages (with standard errors) of adults 18 years of age and over who engaged in any leisure-time
 

strengthening activities, by selected characteristics: United States, average annual, 2005–2007 .................... 118 
 

XVII.	 Crude percentages (with standard errors) of adults 18 years of age and over who were overweight, by selected
 

characteristics: United States, average annual, 2005–2007.................................................. 119 
 

XVIII. Crude percent distributions (with standard errors) of body weight status for adults 18 years of age and over, by
 

selected characteristics: United States, average annual, 2005–2007 .......................................... 120 
 

XIX.	 Crude percent distributions (with standard errors) of usual hours of sleep for adults 18 years of age and over, by
 

selected characteristics: United States, average annual, 2005–2007 .......................................... 123 
 

XX.	 Crude percentages (with standard errors) of adults 18 years of age and over who engaged in selected unhealthy
 

behaviors, by selected characteristics: United States, average annual, 2005–2007 ............................... 126 
 

XXI.	 Crude percentages (with standard errors) of adults 18 years of age and over who engaged in selected healthy
 

behaviors, by selected characteristics: United States, average annual, 2005–2007 ............................... 129 
 

XXII.	 Number of adults 18 years of age and over, by selected characteristics: United States, average annual, 2005–2007 . . . 132
 

vii
Objective

This report presents selected

prevalence estimates for key indicators

of alcohol use, cigarette smoking,

leisure-time physical activity, body

weight status, and sleep among U.S.

adults, using data from the 2005–2007

National Health Interview Survey

(NHIS). The NHIS is conducted

annually by the Centers for Disease

Control and Prevention’s National

Center for Health Statistics. Estimates

are shown for several

sociodemographic subgroups for both

sexes combined and for men and

women separately. The subgroups are

compared in terms of their prevalence

of ‘‘healthy’’ and ‘‘unhealthy’’ behaviors.

Methods

Data for the U.S. civilian

noninstitutionalized population were

collected by the NHIS using computerassisted personal interviews (CAPI).

Questions on health behaviors were

asked of one randomly selected adult

per family in the Sample Adult

component of the basic core

questionnaire. This report is based on a

total of 79,096 completed interviews

with sample adults aged 18 years and

over, representing an overall sample

adult response rate of 69.2% for the 3

years combined. Statistics shown in this

report were age adjusted to the 2000

U.S. standard population.

Results

Overall, 6 in 10 (61.2%) U.S. adults

were current drinkers in 2005–2007;

about 1 in 4 adults (24.6%) were

lifetime abstainers. About 1 in 5 adults

(20.4%) were current smokers and over

one-half of adults (58.5%) had never

smoked cigarettes. About 4 in 10

(42.5%) current smokers tried to quit

smoking in the past year. About 6 in 10

adults engaged in at least some

leisure-time physical activity with about

3 in 10 regularly engaging in such

activities. About 6 in 10 adults were

overweight or obese (BMI>25), with

about 4 in 10 adults being of healthy

weight. About 6 in 10 adults usually

slept 7 to 8 hours in a 24-hour period.

Keywords: smoking c leisure-time

physical activity c body weight c sleep

Health Behaviors of Adults:

United States, 2005–2007

by Charlotte A. Schoenborn, M.P.H., and Patricia F. Adams,

Division of Health Interview Statistics

Chapter 1

Introduction

This report describes prevalence of

selected health behaviors among U.S.

adults aged 18 years of age and over

during the period 2005–2007. Estimates

for alcohol consumption, cigarette

smoking, leisure-time physical activity,

body weight status, and hours of sleep

are shown for major population

subgroups.

Prevention of disease through

promotion of exercise, fitness, good

nutrition, and healthy lifestyles is a

priority of the U.S. Department of

Health and Human Services (HHS), the

U.S. government’s principal agency for

protecting the health of all Americans

(1). Since the first Surgeon General’s

report on health promotion and disease

prevention in 1979, HHS has led a

federal prevention initiative called

Healthy People, bringing together a

coalition of experts from federal, state,

and local governments and the private

sector to set national health promotion

and disease prevention objectives (2–5).

These Healthy People objectives, which

are revised and updated every 10 years,

encompass a wide range of domains—

including the health care system, health

policy, the environment, and health

behaviors.

Scientific investigations on the

health consequences of selected health

behaviors have expanded dramatically

since the first Healthy People objectives

were established. Summaries of the

existing literature have been published

for key health behaviors, including

tobacco use (6), alcohol use (7),

physical activity (8), overweight and

obesity (9), and sleep (10). In agencies

across HHS, other federal departments,

and the private sector, research

continues in an effort to increase

understanding of the nature of the

associations between health behaviors

and health outcomes, to determine the

most effective ways of communicating

these health risks to the public, and to

monitor progress in this important

public health mission (11–23). Despite

evidence of the potential harm of some

health behaviors and substantial efforts

to disseminate this information to the

public, many Americans continue to

engage in health behaviors that put them

at risk of chronic disease and disability.

Monitoring prevalence of selected

health behaviors across major population

subgroups can help identify groups that

are less likely to have adopted

health-promoting behaviors and

consequently are at greater risk for

diseases and disabilities associated with

those health behaviors. Such information

can be used to more effectively tailor

interventions to reach the most

vulnerable populations.

The Centers for Disease Control

and Prevention’s (CDC) National Center

for Health Statistics (NCHS) has been

instrumental in monitoring progress

toward achieving health promotion and

disease prevention objectives since the

1980s. The National Health Interview

Survey (NHIS) has been a major data

collection tool for this effort,

particularly for monitoring health

behavior change. The NHIS provided

data to monitor the progress toward

achieving the 1990 National Health

Objectives and the Healthy People 2000

objectives using supplemental

questionnaires (24–27). In 1997, as the

Page 1
Page 2 [ Series 10, No. 245

Healthy People 2010 health promotion

and disease prevention objectives were

being developed, NHIS introduced

questions on selected health behaviors

into the NHIS annual Sample Adult

Core questionnaire as part of a major

questionnaire redesign (28). Many of

these questions, asked of one sample

adult aged 18 years and over in each

NHIS interviewed family, have been

used to monitor progress toward

achieving the Healthy People 2010

objectives. The behaviors included in

the Sample Adult Core questionnaire are

alcohol use, cigarette smoking,

leisure-time physical activity, height,

weight, and (beginning in 2004) hours

of sleep. The questions have remained

essentially unchanged since 1997.

The current report is the fourth

report based on the NHIS annual core

questionnaire devoted exclusively to

prevalence of adult health behaviors.

Reports have been previously published

for 1997–1998, 1999–2001, and

2002–2004 (29–34). Each report

provides age-adjusted and unadjusted

estimates for both sexes and for men

and women separately, by selected

sociodemographic characteristics. To

facilitate comparison of findings across

data years, the format and content of

these reports have remained constant to

the extent possible. Each report offers

unique information, however, and

readers are encouraged to refer to earlier

reports for additional details about: (a)

the background of each of the NHIS

health behavior measures (29–32); (b)

changes to the NHIS race and ethnicity

variables (33); (c) activities of federal

agencies and selected private sector

organizations in the areas of health

promotion and disease prevention (34).

Analysis of trends is beyond the scope

of the current report. However, all

reports are available on the National

Center for Health Statistics website at

www.cdc.gov/nchs for readers interested

in comparing estimates across time

periods.
Series 10, No. 245 [ Page 3

Chapter 2
 

Methods
 

Data Source

The statistics shown in this report

are based on data from the Sample

Adult component of the 2005–2007

National Health Interview Surveys

(NHIS) (35–37). NHIS, one of the

major data collection systems of NCHS,

is a survey of a nationally representative

sample of the U.S. civilian

noninstitutionalized household

population. Basic health and

demographic information is collected in

the Family component for all members

of the family. Adults present at the time

of the interview are asked to respond for

themselves. Proxy responses are

accepted for adults not present at the

time of the interview and those

physically or mentally incapable of

responding for themselves. Additional

information is collected on one

randomly selected adult aged 18 years

or over (that is, the ‘‘sample adult’’) and

one randomly selected child under 18

years (that is, the ‘‘sample child’’) per

family. Information on the sample adult

is self-reported except in rare cases

when the sample adult is physically or

mentally incapable of responding.

National estimates for a broad range of

health measures for U.S. adults, based

on the NHIS, are published annually

(38–40).

Measurement of Health

Behaviors

Alcohol use

The measure of alcohol drinking

status included in this report is

consistent with that shown in NCHS’s

annual report to Congress titled,

Health, United States (41).

Lifetime alcohol drinking status

(Table 3.1)

Describes lifetime history of alcohol

use and includes four mutually exclusive

categories:

1.	 Lifetime abstainers are adults who

have had fewer than 12 drinks in

their entire life.

2.	 Former infrequent drinkers are

adults who have had at least 12

drinks in their lifetime, but fewer

than 12 drinks in any 1 year and no

drinks in the past year.

3.	 Former regular drinkers are adults

who had at least 12 drinks in a

single year but no drinks in the past

year.

4.	 Current drinkers are adults who

have had at least 12 drinks in their

lifetime and at least one drink in

the past year.

Current drinking status (Table 3.2)

Describes alcohol consumption

during the past year:

1.	 Nondrinkers are adults who had no

drinks in the past year (lifetime

abstainers and former drinkers).

2.	 Current infrequent drinkers are

adults who had at least 12 drinks in

their lifetime and 1–11 drinks

during the past year.

3.	 Light drinkers are adults who had

three or fewer drinks per week, on

average in the past year.

4.	 Moderate drinkers are persons who

had more than 3 drinks and up to

and including 7 drinks per week

(women), or more than 3 drinks and

up to and including 14 drinks per

week (men), on average, in the past

year.

5.	 Heavier drinkers are adults who

had at least 12 drinks in their

lifetime and had more than 7 drinks

per week (women), or more than 14

drinks per week (men), on average,

in the past year. (See Appendix II

for details.)

Five or more drinks in 1 day

(Tables 3.3 and 3.4)

Current drinkers were asked how

many days in the past year they

consumed five or more alcoholic

beverages. ‘‘Five or more drinks in 1

day’’ is a measure of heavy or ‘‘at risk’’

drinking (which may or may not be

episodic). The question on five or more

drinks in 1 day was included in the

NHIS questionnaire to gain greater

understanding of typical drinking

behavior over the course of the year. It

was not designed as a measure of binge

drinking, which usually refers to number

of drinks ‘‘at one sitting’’ or ‘‘during a

2-hour period.’’ The question about

having five or more drinks in 1 day

followed, but was entirely separate

from, the questions about usual drinking

practices. Table 3.3 shows the

percentage of all adults who had five or

more drinks in 1 day at least once, and

the percentage of adults who drank this

amount at least 12 times during the past

year, thus showing the prevalence of

this behavior in the general adult

population. Table 3.4 shows the

percentage of current drinkers who had

five or more drinks in 1 day at least

once and the percentage of adults who

drank this amount at least 12 times

during the past year.

Cigarette smoking

Lifetime cigarette smoking status

(Table 4.1)

Measurement of cigarette smoking

status has remained relatively unchanged

over the history of NHIS:

1.	 Never smokers are adults who had

never smoked cigarettes or who had

smoked fewer than 100 cigarettes in

their entire life. Respondents who

had not smoked at least 100

cigarettes are not asked the

questions about current smoking

practices.

2.	 Former smokers are adults who had

smoked at least 100 cigarettes in

their entire life but were not

currently smoking.

3.	 Current smokers are adults who had

smoked at least 100 cigarettes in

their entire life and were still

smoking.

Classification of current smokers has

changed slightly over the history of

NHIS. From 1964 through 1991, current

smokers were defined as those persons

who had smoked at least 100 cigarettes

in their entire life and answered ‘‘yes’’

to the follow-up question, ‘‘Do you

smoke now?’’ In 1992, the NHIS

question about current smoking was

modified slightly to be consistent with

international smoking data so that daily

smokers and nondaily smokers could be
Page 4 [ Series 10, No. 245

distinguished. The question was changed

to read, ‘‘Do you now smoke cigarettes

every day, some days, or not at all?’’ In

this report, estimates for all current

smokers are shown in Table 4.1.

Current cigarette smoking status

(Table 4.2)

The category nonsmoker includes

persons who had never smoked 100

cigarettes in their entire life (i.e., never

smokers) as well as those who smoked

in the past, but quit smoking prior to the

date of the interview (i.e., former

smokers). Nondaily smokers include all

persons who said they smoked ‘‘some

days’’ regardless of the number of days

they smoked in the past 30 days. Daily

smokers are those who said they smoked

every day. The category current smoker

includes daily and nondaily smokers.

Number of cigarettes on days smoked

(Table 4.2 and Table 4.3)

Separate questions about number of

cigarettes smoked in a day were asked

of adults who smoked every day (daily

smokers) and adults who smoked only

some days (nondaily smokers). For

nondaily smokers, the question specified

that they were being asked about the

average number of cigarettes smoked on

those days that they smoked. Amount

smoked is presented in two ways.

Table 4.2 shows the mean number of

cigarettes smoked on days smoked, for

all smokers, daily smokers, and nondaily

smokers who smoked at least once in

the past 30 days. Table 4.3 shows

percent distributions of the number of

cigarettes usually smoked on days

smoked for all smokers (daily and

nondaily combined): less than 15

cigarettes, 15–24 cigarettes, 25–34

cigarettes, and 35 cigarettes or more.

For nondaily smokers, these estimates

reflect the number of cigarettes these

adults smoked on the days that they

smoked.

Age of smoking initiation (Table 4.4)

Adults who had ever smoked at

least 100 cigarettes in their entire life

were asked at what age they first started

to smoke fairly regularly. Data on age of

initiation shown in this report are

limited to estimates for current smokers

(Table 4.4).

Attempts to quit smoking (Table 4.5)

All current smokers were asked if

they had stopped smoking for more than

1 day in the past year because they were

trying to quit (Table 4.5).

Leisure-time physical activity

Leisure-time physical activity status

(Table 5.1)

Includes three levels of activity:

1.	 Inactive—engaged in no

light-moderate or vigorous activity

lasting at least 10 minutes.

2.	 Some, less than regular—engaged

in any light-moderate or vigorous

activity but the frequency or

duration did not meet the criteria

for ‘‘regular.’’

3.	 Regular—engaged in light-moderate

leisure-time physical activity at

least five times per week, on

average, for at least 30 minutes

each time or vigorous leisure-time

physical activity at least three times

per week, on average, for at least

20 minutes each time.

In addition, a summary category ‘‘at

least some’’ is shown for comparability

with earlier reports. In these earlier

reports, responses of any light-moderate

or vigorous activity lasting 10 minutes

or longer resulted in a classification of

‘‘at least some.’’ With the revised,

three-category indicator shown in this

report, classification of leisure-time

physical activity was limited to

respondents who had complete

information for both frequency and

duration of both light-moderate and

vigorous leisure-time physical activity.

This method of calculating leisure-time

physical activity levels is consistent with

other published estimates (41,42).

Light-moderate leisure-time physical

activity (Table 5.2)

This was based on a question that

asked how often the person engaged in

at least 10 minutes of light-moderate

leisure-time physical activity that caused

light sweating or a slight-to-moderate

increase in breathing or heart rate.

Answers could be provided in any time

unit (per day, per week, per month, or

per year). Frequency of activity was

converted into times per week and then

categorized as follows:

1. None

2. Some, but less than one time per

week

3. One to two times per week

4. Three to four times per week

5. Five or more times per week

The ‘‘none’’ category consists of all

persons who engaged in no lightmoderate activity, including some who

engaged in only vigorous activity. The

indicator for light-moderate physical

activity shown in this report is designed

to estimate the percentage of adults who

assess their level of leisure-time

physical activity to be in the lightmoderate range. The indicator here

differs from the measure of moderate

activity used for tracking progress

toward the Healthy People 2010

objectives; the latter encompasses all

activity that is at least light-moderate

(including vigorous activity).

Vigorous leisure-time physical activity

(Table 5.3)

This category was based on a

question that asked how often the

person engaged in at least 10 minutes of

vigorous activity that caused heavy

sweating or large increases in breathing

or heart rate. Response options were

identical to those of the light-moderate

activity question and frequency was

categorized in the same manner.

Questions asking about lightmoderate leisure-time physical activity

and vigorous leisure-time physical

activity were independent, with the

question about vigorous activity asked

first. Respondents could have reported

engaging in only light-moderate activity,

only vigorous activity, both types of

activity, or neither one. Table 5.1

presents data for the two types of

activity combined, whereas Tables 5.2

and 5.3 present data for frequency of

engaging in each type of activity

separately.

Regular leisure-time physical activity

(Table 5.4)

This category combines frequency

and duration of each activity separately:

1.	 Regular light-moderate activity is
Series 10, No. 245 [ Page 5

defined as engaging in lightmoderate activity five times or

more per week for 30 minutes or

more each time.

2.	 Regular vigorous activity is defined

as engaging in vigorous activity

three times or more per week for 20

minutes or more each time.

3.	 Any regular activity is defined as

meeting either criterion or both

criteria. Estimates for regular

activity shown in Tables 5.1 and 5.4

are identical.

Strengthening activity (Table 5.5)

This activity includes any

leisure-time activities designed to

strengthen muscles, such as weight

lifting or calisthenics. Unlike

light-moderate activity or vigorous

activity, there was no minimum duration

specified in the question, and duration

of the activity was not asked.

This report presents data only for

leisure-time physical activity. In 2000

and 2005, the NHIS Cancer

Supplements included questions related

to nonleisure-time physical activity. In

those supplements, respondents were

asked to describe their usual daily

activities related to moving around:

1. Sit during most of the day

2. Stand during most of the day

3. Walk around most of the day

They were also asked about their usual

daily activities related to lifting or

carrying things:

1. None

2. Light loads

3. Moderate loads

4. Heavy loads

5. Unable to lift or carry

Respondents were explicitly instructed

to exclude activities done in their leisure

time. Analysis of these data suggested

that adults who were active in their

usual daily activities related to moving

around or lifting or carrying were also

more likely to be active in their leisure

time (43). Physical activity prevalence

for U.S. adults based on the 2000 and

2005 NHIS Cancer Supplements have

been published online (43,44).

Body weight status

Height and weight were used to

compute body mass index (BMI), which

is a measure of body weight relative to

height. The BMI was computed using

respondent-reported height and weight,

without shoes.

Body mass index is based on metric

units and is defined as body weight

divided by height2 (i.e., kilograms/

meters2

). The categories of BMI used in

this report are consistent with standard

BMI classifications used by the World

Health Organization (WHO)(45) and the

Healthy People 2010 objectives (5).

Adults were classified as follows:

1.	 Obese adults had a BMI of 30 or

greater.

2.	 Overweight but not obese adults

had a BMI of greater than or equal

to 25 and less than 30.

3.	 Healthy weight adults had a BMI of

greater than or equal to 18.5 and

less than 25.

4.	 Underweight adults had a BMI of

less than 18.5.

Tables 6.1 and 6.2 show categories of

body weight status representing ranges

of BMI values.

Overweight, shown in Table 6.1, is

defined as a BMI of 25 or greater. The

BMI equivalents are listed in footnotes

in each table. See ‘‘Strengths and

Limitations’’ section for additional

information about the BMI measure.

Sleep (Table 7.1)

Hours of sleep was based on a

single question that asked adults how

many hours of sleep they usually get in

a 24-hour period. This question appears

at the end of the section on health

behaviors and allows responses in whole

hours only. The question on sleep was

introduced into the annual Sample Adult

Core questionnaire in 2004. Prior to

this, sleep was asked about in the 1977

NHIS Health Habits supplement and the

1985 and 1990 NHIS Health Promotion

and Disease Prevention supplements

(24,25, 46–49).

Strengths and Limitations

of the Data

The collection of data on alcohol

use, cigarette smoking, leisure-time

physical activity, body weight, height,

and sleep on the annual Sample Adult

Core questionnaire makes it possible to

produce annual prevalence estimates for

these health behaviors for a nationally

representative sample of civilian

noninstitutionalized U.S. adults. By

combining data years, it is possible to

study the health behaviors of some

smaller population subgroups that would

have too few cases to yield reliable

estimates with a single year of data.

Data on health behaviors are collected

in combination with data on a wide

range of other health characteristics

(including chronic health conditions,

injury episodes, access to medical care,

and health insurance coverage), making

it possible to study interrelationships

among the various health characteristics

and to track these relationships over

time.

All of the information on alcohol

use, cigarette smoking, leisure-time

physical activity, height, weight, and

sleep were self-reported by one

randomly selected adult in each family.

Self-reporting enhances accuracy of the

data to the extent that respondents

willingly provide the information. It is

recognized, however, that there may be

some underreporting of some health

behaviors that may be considered

undesirable. Estimates of behaviors

generally thought to be harmful to

health (e.g., heavier alcohol use, current

cigarette smoking, physical inactivity in

leisure time, overweight body weight

status, and sleeping 6 hours or less) can

be considered to be conservative

estimates of the actual prevalence of

such behaviors, given that underreporting may occur. Body weight

relative to height is particularly sensitive

to underreporting. The nature and extent

of differences between reported and

measured height and weight have been

reported elsewhere (50–52). The BMI

measure also has limitations in terms of

its potential for overestimating body

mass for persons who are very muscular

or underestimating it for persons who
Page 6 [ Series 10, No. 245

have lost muscle mass, such as the

elderly.

Most of the health behaviors

included in this report are described in

terms of ‘‘usual’’ or ‘‘average’’ behavior.

Questions were designed to elicit

information that would characterize

respondents’ typical health behaviors

and do not allow detailed exploration of

patterns of health behavior. In addition

to the questions being of a general

nature, the indicators described

previously and shown in Chapters 3-8

further generalize adult health behavior

characteristics in an effort to provide a

meaningful overview for major

population subgroups.

The strength of this approach is that

it provides a ‘‘snapshot’’ of the

important subgroups of the U.S.

population in terms of general health

behavioral characteristics. It is possible

to estimate which groups are most likely

to drink heavily (on average), smoke

cigarettes daily or less than daily, be

completely sedentary or irregularly

active in their leisure time, be

overweight or obese, and get fewer than

7 to 8 hours of sleep. Together, these

estimates help pinpoint the groups who

might benefit most from health

education or other interventions. Such

estimates do not, however, identify some

important patterns of unhealthy

behaviors. For example, the data

collected in NHIS do not allow for clear

identification of episodic heavy (binge)

drinkers, irregularities in exercise

patterns, fluctuations in body weight

status, or sleep patterns (sleeping at

night versus napping). Some information

on patterns is captured for smoking,

with a series of questions addressed to

persons who smoked cigarettes on a

less-than-daily basis. A discussion of the

history of the NHIS health behavior

measures, including their strengths and

limitations, is available (29–32).

Statistical Analysis

Three years of data were combined

to increase reliability of the estimates

for some of the smaller population

subgroups. Even with the 3 years of

data, the standard errors for some

subgroups are quite large. In tables

shown in this report, estimates with a

relative standard error greater than 30%

and less than or equal to 50% are

considered statistically unreliable and

are indicated with an asterisk (*).

Readers should exercise caution when

interpreting these statistics. A dagger (†)

is substituted for estimates with a

relative standard error greater than 50%.

These estimates are not reliable and

therefore are not shown.

The household response rate for the

NHIS data years 2005–2007 was 86.9%.

This report is based on data from 79,096

completed interviews with sample adults

aged 18 years and over. Among adults

identified in interviewed households as

eligible for the Sample Adult

component, the combined (conditional)

response rate was 80%. The final

Sample Adult response rate for the 3

years combined, which takes into

account both Family and Sample Adult

interview nonresponse, was 69.2%.

Procedures used in calculating response

rates are described in detail in Appendix

I of the Survey Description of the NHIS

data files (35–37).

All estimates and associated

standard errors shown in this report

were generated using SUDAAN, a

software package that is designed to

handle a complex sample design such as

that used by NHIS (53). All estimates

were weighted, using the Sample Adult

Record Weight, to reflect the U.S.

civilian noninstitutionalized population

aged 18 years and over.

Most estimates presented in this

report were age adjusted to the projected

2000 U.S. standard population aged 18

years and over (54,55). Age adjustment

was used to allow comparison among

various sociodemographic subgroups

that have different age structures. The

age categories used to age adjust the

2005–2007 estimates are the same as

those used for the 1999–2001 and

2002–2004 reports on health behaviors

of U.S. adults: 18–44 years, 45–64

years, and 65 years and over (33,34).

The age groups used in the first set of

reports on adult health behaviors from

the NHIS Sample Adult Core

questionnaire (1997–1998) were slightly

different: 18–24 years, 25–44 years,

45–64 years, and 65 years and over

(29–32). The two younger age groups

were combined in the subsequent reports

to improve stability of the estimates.

The same projected 2000 U.S. standard

population was used for all reports.

Tables showing crude (unadjusted)

estimates by race, Hispanic or Latino

origin and race, education, poverty

status, marital status, and geographic

region are available in ‘‘Appendix III.’’

These crude estimates can be used in

conjunction with the population

estimates (Table XXII) to calculate the

numbers of persons in each category

shown in the tables of this report.

Age-adjusted estimates were

compared using two-tailed t-tests at the

0.05 level. No adjustments were made

for multiple comparisons. Terms such as

‘‘greater than’’ and ‘‘less than’’ indicate

a statistically significant difference.

Terms such as ‘‘similar’’ or ‘‘no

difference’’ indicate that the statistics

being compared were not significantly

different. Lack of comment regarding

the difference between any two statistics

does not mean that the difference was

tested and found to be not significant.

Most statistics presented in this

report can be replicated using NHIS

public-use data files and website at:

http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/nhis.htm. Data

for some of the smaller race and

ethnicity subgroups are not included on

the public-use data files to protect

respondent confidentiality, and therefore

corresponding estimates cannot be

replicated. Many of the references cited

in this report are also available via the

NCHS website at: http://www.cdc.gov/

nchs.
Series 10, No. 245 [ Page 7

Chapter 3

Alcohol Use

All Adults

+	 Overall, 61.2% of U.S. adults were

current drinkers, about 14% were

former drinkers, 24.6% adults were

lifetime abstainers, and about 5% of

adults were classified as heavier

drinkers (Tables 3.1 and 3.2).

+	 About one in five adults had five or

more drinks in 1 day at least once in

the past year. Among current

drinkers, nearly one in three had

five or more drinks in 1 day in the

past year (Tables 3.3 and 3.4).

Sex

+	 Men (67.6%) were more likely than

women (55.3%) to be current

drinkers, while women (30.9%)

were nearly twice as likely as men

(17.7%) to be lifetime abstainers

(Table 3.1).

+	 Men (22.1%) were about three times

as likely as women (7.4%) to be

moderate drinkers and somewhat

more likely than women to be

heavier drinkers (Table 3.2).

+	 Men were more than twice as likely

as women to have had five or more

drinks in 1 day at least once in the

past year and more than three times

as likely as women to have had this

much to drink in 1 day on at least

12 days during the past year

(Table 3.3).

Age

+	 Current drinking was most prevalent

among adults aged 25–44 years for

both men (75.2%) and women

(62.4%) and declined steadily with

age from 45 years of age on

(Table 3.1 and Figure 3.1.).

+	 Consumption of five or more drinks

in 1 day at least once in the past

year was strongly associated with

age for both men and women. Rates

of consuming five or more drinks in

1 day at least once in the past year

declined with age from about 41%

for men in the youngest age group

to about 4.0% for men in the oldest

age group and from 23% for women

in the youngest age group to less

than 1% in the oldest age group

(Table 3.3 and Figure 3.2).

Race

+	 White men (69.9%) were more

likely than black men (57.3%) and

Asian men (55.3%) to be current

drinkers. Nearly 6 in 10 American

Indian or Alaska Native men

(57.5%) and almost one-half of

Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific

Islander men (45.0%) were current

drinkers. White women (59.0%)

were more likely to be current

0 

20 

40 

60 

80 

Percent 

18–24 25–44 45–64 65–74 75 and 

over Age in years 

Men 

Women 

NOTE: Estimates are based on household interviews of a sample of the civilian noninstitutionalized population. 

DATA SOURCE: CDC/NCHS, National Health Interview Survey, 2005–2007. 

Figure 3.1. Percentage of adults who were current drinkers, by age and sex: United States,

2005–2007

drinkers than black women (40.2%),

American Indian or Alaska Native

women (45.3%), and Asian women

(31.8%) (Table 3.1 and Figure 3.3).

+	 Lifetime abstinence was highest

(47.8%) among Asian adults

compared with most other race

groups shown (Table 3.1).

+	 White adults were more likely than

black adults to be heavier drinkers

regardless of sex. (Table 3.2).

+	 White men (31.0%) were more

likely than black men (19.2%) and

more than twice as likely as Asian

men (14.1%) to have had five or

more drinks in 1 day in the past

year (Table 3.3 and Figure 3.4).

Men 

Women 

NOTE: Estimates are based on household interviews of a sample of the civilian noninstitutionalized population. 

DATA SOURCE: CDC/NCHS, National Health Interview Survey, 2005–2007. 

0 

10 

20 

30 

40 

50 

18–24 25–44 45–64 65–74 75 and 

over 

Percent 

Age in years 

Figure 3.2. Percentage of adults who had five or more drinks in 1 day at least once in past

year, by age and sex: United States, 2005–2007
Page 8 [ Series 10, No. 245

Hispanic or Latino Origin

and Race

+	 Non-Hispanic adults (62.8%) were

more likely than Hispanic adults

(50.8%) to be current drinkers

(Table 3.1).

+	 Non-Hispanic men (6.1%) were

more likely than Hispanic men

(3.8%) to be heavier drinkers, and

non-Hispanic women (4.7%) were

more than three times as likely as

Hispanic women (1.5%) to be

heavier drinkers (Table 3.2).

+	 Non-Hispanic white men (32.0%)

were more likely than Hispanic men

(27.0%) to have consumed five or

more drinks in 1 day in the past

year. Non-Hispanic white women

(16.0%) were about twice as likely

as Hispanic women (7.0%) to have

consumed five or more drinks in 1

day in the past year (Table 3.3 and

Figure 3.5).

Education

+	 The prevalence of current drinking

increased with education from

44.3% for adults with less than a

high school diploma to 73.9% for

adults with a graduate degree

(Table 3.1).

+	 Sex differences in current drinking

prevalence were greatest among

adults with fewer years of education.

Among adults with less than a high

school diploma, 56.5% of men and

31.8% of women were current

drinkers. Among adults who had

some type of college degree, over

70% of men and over 60% of

women were current drinkers

(Table 3.1 and Figure 3.6.).

+	 Men with less than a high school

diploma (10.4%) were more than

twice as likely as men who held

advanced degrees (4.6%) to be

former regular drinkers (Table 3.1).

+	 Men who had earned a General

Educational Development (GED)

diploma (9.1%) were more likely to

be heavier drinkers than men who

had graduated from high school

(6.2%) and men who had neither a

high school diploma nor a GED

(6.2%) (Table 3.2).

NOTES: Estimates are age adjusted using the projected 2000 U.S. population as the standard population. Estimates are 

based on household interviews of a sample of the civilian noninstitutionalized population. 

DATA SOURCE: CDC/NCHS, National Health Interview Survey, 2005–2007. 

0 

20 

40 

60 

80 

Men Women 

Percent 

White Black or African 

American 

American Indian 

or Alaska Native 

Asian Native Hawaiian 

or Other Pacific 

Islander 69.9 

57.3 57.5 55.3 

45.0 

59.0 

40.2 

45.3 

31.8 

46.4 

Figure 3.3. Percentage of adults who were current drinkers, by race and sex: United States,

2005–2007

+ Adults who had earned a GED Poverty Status

(24.8%) were more likely than

adults who were high school + The prevalence of current drinking

graduates (19.5%) and adults with increased dramatically with family

less than a high school diploma income: 45.2% of adults having

(17.8%) to have had five or more family incomes below the poverty

drinks in 1 day at least once during level were current drinkers

the past year (Table 3.3 and compared with 72.6% of adults who

Figure 3.7.). had family incomes four times the

NOTES: Estimates are based on household interviews of a sample of the civilian noninstitutionalized population. Estimates 

are age adjusted using the projected 2000 U.S. population as the standard population. 

DATA SOURCE: CDC/NCHS, National Health Interview Survey, 2005–2007. 

31.0 

14.4 

19.2 

6.0 

34.0 

14.1 14.6

4.5 

0 

5 

15 

20 

10 

25 

30 

35 

Men Women 

White Black or African 

American 

American Indian 

or Alaska Native 

Asian 

Percent 

Figure 3.4. Percentage of adults who had five or more drinks in 1 day at least once in past

year, by race and sex: United States, 2005–2007
Less than General Educational Development High school Some college

high school	 (GED) high school equivalency graduate 

diploma 

Associate of arts degree Bachelor’s degree Graduate degree

78.1 76.1 80 

72.2 71.5 69.5 68.1

64.1 63.3 60.9 61.7 

60 56.5

49.2 50.2

31.8 

Men Women 

NOTES: Estimates are based on household interviews of a sample of the civilian noninstitutionalized population. Estimates

age adjusted using the projected 2000 U.S. population as the standard population. 

DATA SOURCE: CDC/NCHS, National Health Interview Survey, 2005–2007. Percent 40 

20 

0 

 are 

status group to be

kers (Table 3.2).

ting adults (28.9%) were

kely than married adults

) to have had five or more

n 1 day at least once in the

ar (Table 3.3).

Figure 3.6. Percentage of adults who were current drinkers, by education and sex:

United States, 2005–2007

Series 10, No. 245 [ Page 9

poverty level or more. Persons with

family incomes below the poverty

level (36.2%) were more than twice

as likely as adults with family

incomes four times the poverty level

or more (16.8%) to be lifetime

abstainers (Table 3.1).

+	 Men with family incomes below the

poverty level (6.7%) were more

likely than men in the highest

family income group (5.3%) to be

heavier drinkers, whereas the reverse

was true for women; women with

family incomes below the poverty

level (3.5%) were less likely than

women in the highest income groups

(5.3%) to be heavier drinkers

(Table 3.2).

+	 Adults in the upper family income

groups were more likely to have had
 

five or more drinks in 1 day at least
 

once in the past year than were
 

adults in the lower family income
 

groups (Table 3.3).
 

+	 Among current drinkers, men and

women with family incomes below

the poverty level were more likely

than those in the highest family

income group to have had five or

more drinks in 1 day on at least 12

days in the past year (Table 3.4).

Marital Status

+	 The prevalence of lifetime

abstention from alcohol was highest

among never married adults (30.4%)

and widowed adults (31.4%) and

lowest among cohabiting adults
 

(13.9%) (Table 3.1).
 

+ Cohabiting adults (8.6%) and

divorced or separated adults (6.4%)

were more likely than married adults

(3.8%) to be heavier drinkers.

Widowed adults (49.9%) were more

likely than adults in any other

marital

nondrin

+ Cohabi

more li

(17.7%

drinks i

past ye

NOTES: Estimates are based on household interviews of a sample of the civilian noninstitutionalized population. Estimates 

are age adjusted using the projected 2000 U.S. population as the standard population. 

DATA SOURCE: CDC/NCHS, National Health Interview Survey, 2005–2007. 

27.0 

7.0 

32.0 

16.0 

19.0 

5.9 

Men Women 

Hispanic Non-Hispanic white Non-Hispanic black 

Percent 

5 

0 

15 

20 

10 

25 

30 

35 

Figure 3.5. Percentage of adults who had five or more drinks in 1 day at least once in past

year, by Hispanic origin and race and sex: United States, 2005–2007
Less than General Educational Development High school Some college 

high school (GED) high school equivalency graduate 

diploma 

Associate of arts degree Bachelor’s degree Graduate degree 

Percent 

24.8 25 

22.7 22.4 

21.5 

19.5 20 

17.8 17.7

15 

10 

5 

0 

Both sexes
 

NOTES: Estimates are based on household interviews of a sample of the civilian noninstitutionalized population. Estimates 


are age adjusted using the projected 2000 U.S. population as the standard population. 


DATA SOURCE: CDC/NCHS, National Health Interview Survey, 2005–2007.
 

Page 10 [ Series 10, No. 245

Geographic Region

+	 Adults living in the South were less

likely to be current drinkers than

adults living in the Northeast,

Midwest, or West. Lifetime

abstention was highest among adults

living in the South compared with

adults living in the other regions.

(Table 3.1).

Figure 3.7. Percentage of adults who had five or more drinks in 1 day at least once in past

year, by education: United states, 2005–2007
Series 10, No. 245 [ Page 11

Table 3.1. Age-adjusted percent distributions (with standard errors) of lifetime alcohol drinking status for adults 18 years of age and over,

by selected characteristics: United States, average annual, 2005–2007

Lifetime alcohol drinking status1

Lifetime Former Former

Selected characteristic Total abstainer infrequent regular Current

Both sexes Percent distribution (standard error)

Ages 18 years and over (age-adjusted)2 ............. 100.0 24.6 (0.32) 8.1 (0.14) 6.2 (0.15) 61.2 (0.31)

Ages 18 years and over (crude)2 .................. 100.0 24.4 (0.32) 8.2 (0.14) 6.3 (0.15) 61.2 (0.31)

Age:3

18–24 years ............................. 100.0 35.8 (0.85) 2.9 (0.25) 1.7 (0.17) 60.0 (0.88)

25–44 years ............................. 100.0 20.9 (0.38) 6.1 (0.19) 4.4 (0.16) 68.7 (0.41)

45–64 years ............................. 100.0 20.4 (0.38) 9.9 (0.25) 7.7 (0.24) 62.1 (0.42)

65–74 years ............................. 100.0 28.2 (0.68) 13.8 (0.48) 10.6 (0.46) 47.5 (0.74)

75 years and over.......................... 100.0 36.1 (0.75) 14.1 (0.47) 12.2 (0.49) 37.6 (0.74)

Race:

White, single race .......................... 100.0 21.7 (0.34) 7.9 (0.16) 6.3 (0.17) 64.2 (0.34)

Black or African American, single race ............. 100.0 36.1 (0.72) 10.0 (0.33) 6.5 (0.31) 47.7 (0.64)

American Indian or Alaska Native, single race ........ 100.0 28.5 (3.60) 10.1 (1.39) 10.0 (1.51) 51.5 (3.10)

Asian, single race .......................... 100.0 47.8 (1.06) 6.3 (0.55) 3.0 (0.35) 43.1 (1.01)

Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander, single race.... 100.0 37.7 (6.80) *9.8 (3.37) *6.0 (2.87) 46.4 (5.58)

Two or more races ......................... 100.0 23.5 (1.74) 12.8 (1.36) 11.1 (1.14) 53.0 (1.87)

Black or African American, white ............... 100.0 32.0 (5.15) *10.5 (3.79) *10.4 (3.12) 47.1 (4.69)

American Indian or Alaska Native, white........... 100.0 20.4 (2.37) 12.3 (2.07) 13.5 (1.63) 54.3 (2.65)

Hispanic or Latino origin and race:

Hispanic or Latino .......................... 100.0 35.8 (0.60) 7.8 (0.33) 5.8 (0.28) 50.8 (0.59)

Mexican or Mexican American ................. 100.0 37.2 (0.78) 7.9 (0.45) 6.8 (0.42) 48.3 (0.74)

Not Hispanic or Latino ....................... 100.0 22.9 (0.35) 8.2 (0.15) 6.3 (0.16) 62.8 (0.33)

White, single race ........................ 100.0 19.0 (0.38) 7.9 (0.17) 6.4 (0.19) 66.8 (0.37)

Black or African American, single race ............ 100.0 36.3 (0.73) 9.9 (0.33) 6.5 (0.32) 47.5 (0.65)

Education:

Less than high school graduate ................. 100.0 37.1 (0.62) 10.7 (0.33) 8.3 (0.30) 44.3 (0.56)

GED diploma4 ............................ 100.0 21.6 (1.24) 12.0 (0.90) 9.8 (0.78) 56.8 (1.37)

High school graduate ........................ 100.0 28.1 (0.54) 9.0 (0.25) 6.5 (0.27) 56.6 (0.51)

Some college—no degree ..................... 100.0 21.4 (0.50) 7.9 (0.28) 5.9 (0.27) 64.9 (0.57)

Associate of arts degree ...................... 100.0 19.3 (0.60) 8.3 (0.40) 6.2 (0.36) 66.3 (0.72)

Bachelor of arts, science degree ................. 100.0 17.1 (0.46) 5.6 (0.27) 4.3 (0.22) 73.1 (0.53)

Masters, doctorate, medical degree ............... 100.0 17.0 (0.62) 4.9 (0.31) 4.1 (0.28) 73.9 (0.68)

Poverty status:5

Below poverty level ......................... 100.0 36.2 (0.72) 10.6 (0.40) 8.3 (0.36) 45.2 (0.72)

≥1 and <2 times poverty level .................. 100.0 32.2 (0.61) 9.9 (0.34) 8.0 (0.34) 50.0 (0.60)

≥2 and <4 times poverty level .................. 100.0 24.9 (0.47) 8.8 (0.25) 6.6 (0.26) 59.9 (0.52)

4 times poverty level or more ................... 100.0 16.8 (0.39) 6.0 (0.19) 4.6 (0.18) 72.6 (0.42)

Marital status:

Never married ............................ 100.0 30.4 (0.64) 7.1 (0.36) 5.6 (0.34) 57.3 (0.68)

Married ................................ 100.0 23.0 (0.37) 8.7 (0.19) 6.4 (0.19) 62.1 (0.37)

Cohabiting .............................. 100.0 13.9 (0.81) 6.9 (0.62) 7.2 (0.67) 72.2 (1.09)

Divorced or separated ....................... 100.0 19.6 (0.53) 9.4 (0.35) 7.9 (0.32) 63.3 (0.59)

Widowed ............................... 100.0 31.4 (2.39) 11.6 (1.24) 6.9 (0.98) 50.1 (2.60)

Geographic region:

Northeast ............................... 100.0 18.8 (0.49) 7.2 (0.28) 5.2 (0.24) 68.9 (0.54)

Midwest ................................ 100.0 19.8 (0.62) 8.2 (0.30) 6.8 (0.46) 65.4 (0.63)

South ................................. 100.0 29.9 (0.62) 8.9 (0.25) 6.3 (0.20) 55.1 (0.55)

West .................................. 100.0 25.9 (0.58) 7.6 (0.26) 6.3 (0.24) 60.4 (0.57)

Men

Ages 18 years and over (age-adjusted)2 ............. 100.0 17.7 (0.35) 7.2 (0.18) 7.7 (0.20) 67.6 (0.36)

Ages 18 years and over (crude)2 .................. 100.0 17.5 (0.35) 7.1 (0.18) 7.7 (0.21) 67.9 (0.36)

Age:3

18–24 years ............................. 100.0 32.5 (1.15) 2.3 (0.35) 1.4 (0.23) 64.2 (1.18)

25–44 years ............................. 100.0 15.2 (0.44) 5.0 (0.25) 4.6 (0.24) 75.2 (0.50)

45–64 years ............................. 100.0 13.6 (0.46) 9.0 (0.34) 10.0 (0.36) 67.6 (0.54)

65–74 years ............................. 100.0 17.0 (0.83) 12.6 (0.70) 14.1 (0.73) 56.4 (1.08)

75 years and over.......................... 100.0 21.3 (1.02) 12.8 (0.73) 18.3 (0.91) 47.8 (1.15)

See footnotes at end of table.
Page 12 [ Series 10, No. 245

Table 3.1. Age-adjusted percent distributions (with standard errors) of lifetime alcohol drinking status for adults 18 years of age and

over, by selected characteristics: United States, average annual, 2005–2007—Con.

Lifetime alcohol drinking status1

Lifetime Former Former

Selected characteristic Total abstainer infrequent regular Current

Men—Con. Percent distribution (standard error)

Race:

White, single race .......................... 100.0 15.5 (0.38) 7.0 (0.20) 7.7 (0.23) 69.9 (0.39)

Black or African American, single race ............. 100.0 26.6 (0.95) 8.0 (0.48) 8.4 (0.49) 57.3 (1.01)

American Indian or Alaska Native, single race ........ 100.0 18.7 (3.27) 10.7 (2.67) 13.0 (2.26) 57.5 (3.47)

Asian, single race .......................... 100.0 33.5 (1.43) 7.4 (0.78) 4.1 (0.64) 55.3 (1.50)

Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander, single race.... 100.0 38.9 (9.66) *9.4 (4.39) † 45.0 (7.95)

Two or more races ......................... 100.0 19.7 (2.55) 10.6 (1.94) 14.7 (2.07) 55.8 (3.01)

Black or African American, white ............... 100.0 21.9 (5.42) † 17.5 (2.98) 52.1 (7.74)

American Indian or Alaska Native, white........... 100.0 16.2 (2.97) 10.1 (2.49) 17.1 (2.86) 57.3 (4.01)

Hispanic or Latino origin and race:

Hispanic or Latino .......................... 100.0 21.9 (0.75) 7.7 (0.49) 7.4 (0.45) 63.1 (0.82)

Mexican or Mexican American ................. 100.0 22.3 (1.00) 7.6 (0.68) 8.8 (0.66) 61.5 (1.01)

Not Hispanic or Latino ....................... 100.0 16.9 (0.39) 7.1 (0.20) 7.8 (0.23) 68.3 (0.39)

White, single race ........................ 100.0 14.2 (0.43) 6.9 (0.22) 7.8 (0.26) 71.2 (0.44)

Black or African American, single race ............ 100.0 26.6 (0.97) 8.0 (0.49) 8.5 (0.50) 57.2 (1.03)

Education:

Less than high school graduate ................. 100.0 23.6 (0.77) 9.9 (0.47) 10.4 (0.46) 56.5 (0.81)

GED diploma4 ............................ 100.0 12.8 (1.40) 11.3 (1.40) 12.1 (1.26) 64.1 (1.88)

High school graduate ........................ 100.0 20.7 (0.67) 7.7 (0.33) 8.6 (0.41) 63.3 (0.69)

Some college—no degree ..................... 100.0 16.1 (0.68) 6.7 (0.41) 7.8 (0.45) 69.5 (0.80)

Associate of arts degree ...................... 100.0 13.8 (0.77) 6.7 (0.54) 7.5 (0.58) 72.2 (0.99)

Bachelor of arts, science degree ................. 100.0 12.3 (0.56) 4.9 (0.36) 4.7 (0.31) 78.1 (0.69)

Masters, doctorate, medical degree ............... 100.0 14.6 (0.82) 4.7 (0.46) 4.6 (0.44) 76.1 (0.94)

Poverty status:5

Below poverty level ......................... 100.0 25.0 (1.03) 9.3 (0.65) 11.1 (0.65) 54.9 (1.11)

≥1 and <2 times poverty level .................. 100.0 23.5 (0.78) 8.7 (0.50) 10.3 (0.52) 57.6 (0.91)

≥2 and <4 times poverty level .................. 100.0 18.1 (0.56) 8.1 (0.34) 8.4 (0.37) 65.6 (0.63)

4 times poverty level or more ................... 100.0 12.8 (0.47) 5.4 (0.26) 5.4 (0.25) 76.5 (0.52)

Marital status:

Never married ............................ 100.0 23.8 (0.77) 6.5 (0.51) 7.5 (0.57) 62.6 (0.88)

Married ................................ 100.0 16.0 (0.42) 7.9 (0.25) 7.8 (0.27) 68.3 (0.45)

Cohabiting .............................. 100.0 9.9 (0.93) 5.6 (0.79) 8.7 (1.01) 75.9 (1.38)

Divorced or separated ....................... 100.0 12.2 (0.70) 7.4 (0.46) 9.9 (0.55) 70.7 (0.87)

Widowed ............................... 100.0 13.6 (3.53) 5.8 (0.68) 11.3 (2.51) 69.5 (4.26)

Geographic region:

Northeast ............................... 100.0 13.1 (0.60) 6.3 (0.38) 6.2 (0.38) 74.6 (0.71)

Midwest ................................ 100.0 14.3 (0.67) 6.7 (0.37) 8.4 (0.55) 70.8 (0.69)

South ................................. 100.0 21.9 (0.70) 8.2 (0.33) 8.1 (0.32) 62.0 (0.67)

West .................................. 100.0 18.1 (0.62) 6.6 (0.36) 7.6 (0.35) 67.9 (0.67)

Women

Ages 18 years and over (age-adjusted)2 ............. 100.0 30.9 (0.39) 9.0 (0.19) 4.9 (0.16) 55.3 (0.39)

Ages 18 years and over (crude)2 .................. 100.0 30.8 (0.39) 9.3 (0.19) 5.0 (0.16) 55.0 (0.39)

Age:3

18–24 years ............................. 100.0 39.1 (1.02) 3.4 (0.32) 1.9 (0.24) 55.9 (1.07)

25–44 years ............................. 100.0 26.4 (0.51) 7.1 (0.26) 4.1 (0.21) 62.4 (0.54)

45–64 years ............................. 100.0 26.8 (0.52) 10.7 (0.34) 5.5 (0.26) 57.0 (0.56)

65–74 years ............................. 100.0 37.6 (0.91) 14.8 (0.65) 7.7 (0.50) 39.9 (0.89)

75 years and over.......................... 100.0 45.6 (0.98) 15.0 (0.60) 8.3 (0.50) 31.1 (0.90)

Race:

White, single race .......................... 100.0 27.3 (0.42) 8.8 (0.21) 5.0 (0.18) 59.0 (0.43)

Black or African American, single race ............. 100.0 43.4 (0.86) 11.5 (0.45) 5.1 (0.35) 40.2 (0.73)

American Indian or Alaska Native, single race ........ 100.0 37.9 (4.64) 9.7 (1.48) 7.3 (1.72) 45.3 (4.26)

Asian, single race .......................... 100.0 60.8 (1.40) 5.5 (0.68) 2.0 (0.37) 31.8 (1.27)

Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander, single race.... 100.0 39.3 (6.76) † † 46.4 (7.19)

Two or more races ......................... 100.0 26.4 (2.35) 15.0 (1.66) 8.0 (1.32) 50.7 (2.24)

Black or African American, white ............... 100.0 36.7 (6.35) *10.3 (4.33) *9.6 (3.74) 43.4 (4.94)

American Indian or Alaska Native, white........... 100.0 24.7 (3.92) 14.8 (2.40) 9.5 (2.16) 51.1 (3.55)

See footnotes at end of table.
Series 10, No. 245 [ Page 13

Table 3.1. Age-adjusted percent distributions (with standard errors) of lifetime alcohol drinking status for adults 18 years of age and

over, by selected characteristics: United States, average annual, 2005–2007—Con.

Lifetime alcohol drinking status1

Lifetime Former Former

Selected characteristic Total abstainer infrequent regular Current

Women—Con. Percent distribution (standard error)

Hispanic or Latino origin and race:

Hispanic or Latino .......................... 100.0 49.3 (0.79) 8.1 (0.41) 4.5 (0.34) 38.2 (0.75)

Mexican or Mexican American ................. 100.0 52.5 (1.00) 8.3 (0.56) 5.1 (0.49) 34.2 (0.94)

Not Hispanic or Latino ....................... 100.0 28.1 (0.42) 9.1 (0.20) 5.0 (0.17) 57.9 (0.42)

White, single race ........................ 100.0 23.3 (0.46) 8.8 (0.23) 5.1 (0.20) 62.9 (0.47)

Black or African American, single race ............ 100.0 43.6 (0.87) 11.5 (0.46) 5.1 (0.36) 39.9 (0.75)

Education:

Less than high school graduate ................. 100.0 50.3 (0.79) 11.5 (0.45) 6.6 (0.37) 31.8 (0.69)

GED diploma4 ............................ 100.0 30.7 (1.85) 12.7 (1.28) 7.6 (0.99) 49.2 (1.87)

High school graduate ........................ 100.0 34.7 (0.68) 10.3 (0.35) 4.9 (0.29) 50.2 (0.67)

Some college—no degree ..................... 100.0 25.8 (0.66) 8.9 (0.40) 4.4 (0.27) 60.9 (0.71)

Associate of arts degree ...................... 100.0 23.4 (0.82) 9.5 (0.56) 5.4 (0.44) 61.7 (0.94)

Bachelor of arts, science degree ................. 100.0 21.9 (0.64) 6.2 (0.38) 3.9 (0.29) 68.1 (0.73)

Masters, doctorate, medical degree ............... 100.0 19.9 (0.87) 5.1 (0.43) 3.4 (0.34) 71.5 (0.94)

Poverty status:5

Below poverty level ......................... 100.0 43.6 (0.83) 11.5 (0.48) 6.7 (0.40) 38.4 (0.82)

≥1 and <2 times poverty level .................. 100.0 39.2 (0.77) 11.0 (0.45) 6.3 (0.36) 43.6 (0.70)

≥2 and <4 times poverty level .................. 100.0 31.0 (0.63) 9.6 (0.37) 5.0 (0.27) 54.5 (0.68)

4 times poverty level or more ................... 100.0 21.1 (0.55) 6.7 (0.28) 3.7 (0.22) 68.5 (0.61)

Marital status:

Never married ............................ 100.0 37.1 (0.91) 7.6 (0.50) 3.8 (0.33) 51.6 (0.90)

Married ................................ 100.0 30.0 (0.49) 9.4 (0.27) 4.8 (0.21) 55.9 (0.49)

Cohabiting .............................. 100.0 19.0 (1.44) 8.4 (0.99) 5.0 (0.72) 67.9 (1.67)

Divorced or separated ....................... 100.0 24.6 (0.68) 10.7 (0.49) 6.6 (0.37) 58.2 (0.77)

Widowed ............................... 100.0 36.3 (2.77) 13.2 (1.57) 5.8 (1.03) 44.6 (2.90)

Geographic region:

Northeast ............................... 100.0 23.8 (0.66) 8.0 (0.38) 4.3 (0.29) 64.1 (0.72)

Midwest ................................ 100.0 24.7 (0.75) 9.5 (0.41) 5.4 (0.48) 60.5 (0.80)

South ................................. 100.0 36.9 (0.71) 9.5 (0.31) 4.8 (0.21) 49.0 (0.66)

West .................................. 100.0 33.4 (0.79) 8.5 (0.39) 5.1 (0.27) 53.1 (0.78)

* Estimates preceded by an asterisk have a relative standard error of greater than 30% and less than or equal to 50%. These should be interpreted with caution as they do not meet the standard of
 

reliability or precision.
 

† Estimates with a relative standard error greater than 50% are indicated with a dagger, but are not shown.
 

1

Lifetime alcohol drinking status: Lifetime abstainer—had fewer than 12 drinks in entire lifetime; former infrequent—had 12 drinks or more in lifetime, but never as many as 12 drinks in a single year,
 

and had no drinks in the past year; former regular—had 12 drinks or more in one year, but no drinks in the past year; current drinker-had at least 12 drinks in lifetime and at least 1 drink in the past
 

year.
 

2

Persons of other races and unknown race and ethnicity, unknown education, unknown poverty status, and unknown marital status are included in total.
 

3

Estimates for age groups are not age adjusted.
 

4

GED is General Educational Development high school equivalency diploma.
 

5

Poverty status is based on family income and family size using the U.S. Census Bureau poverty thresholds for 2004, 2005, and 2006.
 

NOTES: Unless otherwise specified, estimates are age adjusted using the projected 2000 U.S. population as the standard population and using three age groups: 18–44 years, 45–64 years, and 65

years and over. For crude percent distributions, refer to Appendix Table III. Denominator for each percent distribution excludes persons with unknown lifetime drinking status. See Appendix II for

definitions of terms. See Appendix III for health behavior questions.

DATA SOURCE: National Health Interview Survey, 2005–2007. Estimates are based on household interviews of a sample of the civilian noninstitutionalized population.
Page 14 [ Series 10, No. 245

Table 3.2. Age-adjusted percent distributions (with standard errors) of current alcohol drinking status for adults 18 years of age and over,

by selected characteristics: United States, average annual, 2005–2007

Current alcohol drinking status1

Selected characteristic Total Nondrinker Infrequent Light Moderate Heavier

Both sexes Percent distribution (standard error)

Ages 18 years and over (age-adjusted)2 ............. 100.0 38.8 (0.31) 12.3 (0.16) 29.3 (0.23) 14.4 (0.18) 5.0 (0.12)

Ages 18 years and over (crude)2 .................. 100.0 38.8 (0.31) 12.4 (0.16) 29.2 (0.23) 14.5 (0.18) 5.0 (0.12)

Age:3

18–24 years ............................. 100.0 40.0 (0.88) 9.1 (0.41) 30.4 (0.68) 13.4 (0.52) 6.8 (0.41)

25–44 years ............................. 100.0 31.3 (0.41) 13.3 (0.26) 34.8 (0.37) 15.7 (0.29) 4.9 (0.18)

45–64 years ............................. 100.0 37.9 (0.42) 13.4 (0.28) 28.2 (0.36) 15.0 (0.29) 5.4 (0.17)

65–74 years ............................. 100.0 52.5 (0.74) 11.2 (0.43) 19.7 (0.54) 12.5 (0.49) 4.0 (0.32)

75 years and over.......................... 100.0 62.4 (0.74) 10.3 (0.44) 14.6 (0.53) 10.3 (0.45) 2.2 (0.21)

Race:

White, single race .......................... 100.0 35.8 (0.34) 12.3 (0.18) 30.6 (0.26) 15.7 (0.21) 5.4 (0.14)

Black or African American, single race ............. 100.0 52.3 (0.64) 12.2 (0.39) 22.8 (0.50) 9.1 (0.34) 3.4 (0.22)

American Indian or Alaska Native, single race ........ 100.0 48.5 (3.10) 14.0 (1.76) 22.1 (1.88) 10.6 (1.85) 4.6 (1.14)

Asian, single race .......................... 100.0 56.9 (1.01) 11.0 (0.63) 23.3 (0.83) 7.1 (0.52) 1.5 (0.24)

Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander, single race.... 100.0 53.6 (5.58) *5.7 (2.77) 23.9 (4.61) *6.7 (2.40) *10.1 (3.77)

Two or more races ......................... 100.0 47.0 (1.87) 13.6 (1.33) 23.0 (1.56) 10.0 (1.22) 6.0 (0.96)

Black or African American, white ............... 100.0 52.9 (4.69) 14.3 (2.83) 22.4 (4.34) *5.6 (1.76) *4.8 (1.85)

American Indian or Alaska Native, white........... 100.0 45.7 (2.65) 12.2 (1.91) 22.9 (2.43) 11.7 (1.98) 7.1 (1.48)

Hispanic or Latino origin and race:

Hispanic or Latino .......................... 100.0 49.2 (0.59) 12.1 (0.39) 24.9 (0.49) 10.9 (0.36) 2.6 (0.17)

Mexican or Mexican American ................. 100.0 51.7 (0.74) 10.7 (0.46) 23.3 (0.59) 11.3 (0.46) 2.7 (0.21)

Not Hispanic or Latino ....................... 100.0 37.2 (0.33) 12.4 (0.18) 30.0 (0.26) 14.9 (0.20) 5.4 (0.13)

White, single race ........................ 100.0 33.2 (0.37) 12.4 (0.20) 31.7 (0.29) 16.5 (0.24) 6.0 (0.16)

Black or African American, single race ............ 100.0 52.5 (0.65) 12.1 (0.39) 22.8 (0.51) 9.0 (0.34) 3.3 (0.23)

Education:

Less than high school graduate ................. 100.0 55.7 (0.56) 10.2 (0.33) 19.4 (0.45) 9.8 (0.35) 4.5 (0.23)

GED diploma4 ............................ 100.0 43.2 (1.37) 12.8 (0.94) 23.7 (1.14) 12.8 (0.96) 7.2 (0.70)

High school graduate ........................ 100.0 43.4 (0.51) 13.0 (0.31) 25.9 (0.42) 12.5 (0.30) 5.0 (0.20)

Some college—no degree ..................... 100.0 35.1 (0.57) 13.3 (0.37) 30.7 (0.49) 14.6 (0.39) 6.1 (0.27)

Associate of arts degree ...................... 100.0 33.7 (0.72) 14.9 (0.49) 31.9 (0.66) 14.9 (0.50) 4.5 (0.32)

Bachelor of arts, science degree ................. 100.0 26.9 (0.53) 11.9 (0.35) 36.3 (0.54) 19.5 (0.46) 5.3 (0.28)

Masters, doctorate, medical degree ............... 100.0 26.1 (0.68) 10.7 (0.47) 39.7 (0.76) 19.8 (0.62) 3.6 (0.31)

Poverty status:5

Below poverty level ......................... 100.0 54.8 (0.72) 10.7 (0.38) 20.0 (0.48) 9.4 (0.40) 4.8 (0.31)

≥1 and <2 times poverty level .................. 100.0 50.0 (0.60) 12.4 (0.35) 22.6 (0.47) 10.3 (0.38) 4.6 (0.24)

≥2 and <4 times poverty level .................. 100.0 40.1 (0.52) 13.3 (0.32) 28.4 (0.45) 13.0 (0.31) 4.9 (0.20)

4 times poverty level or more ................... 100.0 27.4 (0.42) 11.8 (0.27) 36.1 (0.42) 19.3 (0.35) 5.3 (0.19)

Marital status:

Never married ............................ 100.0 42.7 (0.68) 10.1 (0.37) 26.8 (0.52) 14.2 (0.41) 5.8 (0.27)

Married ................................ 100.0 37.9 (0.37) 13.5 (0.22) 30.4 (0.32) 14.2 (0.24) 3.8 (0.13)

Cohabiting .............................. 100.0 27.8 (1.09) 12.3 (0.73) 32.9 (1.03) 18.3 (0.93) 8.6 (0.61)

Divorced or separated ....................... 100.0 36.7 (0.59) 12.6 (0.41) 29.9 (0.57) 14.3 (0.42) 6.4 (0.30)

Widowed ............................... 100.0 49.9 (2.60) 14.1 (1.68) 22.5 (2.38) 8.9 (2.06) 4.5 (1.22)

Geographic region:

Northeast ............................... 100.0 31.1 (0.54) 13.1 (0.39) 33.9 (0.51) 16.8 (0.48) 4.9 (0.26)

Midwest ................................ 100.0 34.6 (0.63) 13.3 (0.36) 31.6 (0.47) 15.0 (0.36) 5.5 (0.28)

South ................................. 100.0 44.9 (0.55) 11.9 (0.26) 25.6 (0.41) 12.8 (0.28) 4.7 (0.19)

West .................................. 100.0 39.6 (0.57) 11.1 (0.31) 29.2 (0.42) 14.8 (0.40) 5.1 (0.23)

Men

Ages 18 years and over (age-adjusted)2 ............. 100.0 32.4 (0.36) 9.2 (0.20) 30.4 (0.32) 22.1 (0.30) 5.7 (0.18)

Ages 18 years and over (crude)2 .................. 100.0 32.1 (0.36) 9.2 (0.20) 30.6 (0.32) 22.2 (0.29) 5.8 (0.18)

Age:3

18–24 years ............................. 100.0 35.8 (1.18) 7.0 (0.56) 28.8 (0.99) 20.1 (0.89) 7.8 (0.65)

25–44 years ............................. 100.0 24.8 (0.50) 9.4 (0.31) 35.7 (0.54) 24.0 (0.47) 5.9 (0.28)

45–64 years ............................. 100.0 32.4 (0.54) 9.7 (0.34) 29.7 (0.52) 22.2 (0.47) 5.8 (0.27)

65–74 years ............................. 100.0 43.6 (1.08) 9.7 (0.60) 22.4 (0.88) 19.9 (0.88) 4.3 (0.39)

75 years and over.......................... 100.0 52.2 (1.15) 9.2 (0.70) 18.3 (0.95) 17.9 (0.89) 2.2 (0.33)

See footnotes at end of table.
Series 10, No. 245 [ Page 15

Table 3.2. Age-adjusted percent distributions (with standard errors) of current alcohol drinking status for adults 18 years of age and over,

by selected characteristics: United States, average annual, 2005–2007—Con.

Current alcohol drinking status1

Selected characteristic Total Nondrinker Infrequent Light Moderate Heavier

Men—Con. Percent distribution (standard error)

Race:

White, single race .......................... 100.0 30.1 (0.39) 9.0 (0.22) 31.1 (0.37) 23.6 (0.33) 6.0 (0.21)

Black or African American, single race ............. 100.0 42.7 (1.01) 9.6 (0.57) 26.5 (0.83) 16.1 (0.69) 4.8 (0.43)

American Indian or Alaska Native, single race ........ 100.0 42.5 (3.47) 8.1 (1.81) 26.9 (2.88) 16.4 (3.32) *5.6 (1.92)

Asian, single race .......................... 100.0 44.7 (1.50) 11.3 (0.94) 30.3 (1.35) 11.5 (0.98) 2.0 (0.39)

Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander, single race.... 100.0 55.0 (7.95) † *15.9 (5.55) *13.1 (4.76) *15.7 (5.86)

Two or more races ......................... 100.0 44.2 (3.01) 10.3 (1.73) 22.7 (2.31) 15.6 (2.21) 6.6 (1.41)

Black or African American, white ............... 100.0 47.9 (7.74) *9.1 (3.69) *24.9 (7.70) *8.1 (3.30) *9.9 (4.39)

American Indian or Alaska Native, white........... 100.0 42.7 (4.01) 9.8 (2.47) 25.0 (3.50) 17.2 (3.30) *4.5 (1.46)

Hispanic or Latino origin and race:

Hispanic or Latino .......................... 100.0 36.9 (0.82) 9.1 (0.50) 31.1 (0.78) 18.9 (0.65) 3.8 (0.29)

Mexican or Mexican American ................. 100.0 38.5 (1.01) 7.7 (0.55) 29.8 (0.92) 19.5 (0.84) 4.3 (0.39)

Not Hispanic or Latino ....................... 100.0 31.7 (0.39) 9.3 (0.22) 30.2 (0.36) 22.5 (0.33) 6.1 (0.21)

White, single race ........................ 100.0 28.8 (0.44) 9.1 (0.24) 30.9 (0.41) 24.4 (0.38) 6.6 (0.25)

Black or African American, single race ............ 100.0 42.8 (1.03) 9.6 (0.58) 26.6 (0.85) 16.0 (0.70) 4.7 (0.44)

Education:

Less than high school graduate ................. 100.0 43.5 (0.81) 8.4 (0.46) 24.7 (0.72) 16.7 (0.62) 6.2 (0.39)

GED diploma4 ............................ 100.0 35.9 (1.88) 9.5 (1.13) 24.6 (1.74) 20.6 (1.63) 9.1 (1.08)

High school graduate ........................ 100.0 36.7 (0.69) 9.3 (0.38) 28.0 (0.60) 19.6 (0.53) 6.2 (0.31)

Some college—no degree ..................... 100.0 30.5 (0.80) 10.2 (0.50) 30.3 (0.73) 21.9 (0.65) 7.0 (0.44)

Associate of arts degree ...................... 100.0 27.8 (0.99) 10.5 (0.67) 32.3 (0.98) 23.9 (0.93) 5.3 (0.57)

Bachelor of arts, science degree ................. 100.0 21.9 (0.69) 9.0 (0.44) 36.1 (0.77) 28.3 (0.74) 4.7 (0.39)

Masters, doctorate, medical degree ............... 100.0 23.9 (0.94) 8.3 (0.60) 38.2 (1.06) 26.6 (1.00) 2.9 (0.48)

Poverty status:5

Below poverty level ......................... 100.0 45.1 (1.11) 7.7 (0.53) 22.8 (0.85) 17.3 (0.81) 6.7 (0.56)

≥1 and <2 times poverty level .................. 100.0 42.4 (0.91) 9.6 (0.49) 24.8 (0.73) 16.7 (0.64) 6.3 (0.42)

≥2 and <4 times poverty level .................. 100.0 34.4 (0.63) 9.8 (0.41) 29.9 (0.62) 19.9 (0.51) 5.8 (0.32)

4 times poverty level or more ................... 100.0 23.5 (0.52) 8.9 (0.32) 35.0 (0.57) 27.2 (0.54) 5.3 (0.30)

Marital status:

Never married ............................ 100.0 37.4 (0.88) 7.7 (0.46) 26.8 (0.76) 20.6 (0.68) 7.1 (0.42)

Married ................................ 100.0 31.7 (0.45) 10.4 (0.27) 32.4 (0.46) 21.3 (0.39) 4.1 (0.19)

Cohabiting .............................. 100.0 24.1 (1.38) 9.7 (0.91) 33.0 (1.41) 25.3 (1.32) 7.8 (0.76)

Divorced or separated ....................... 100.0 29.3 (0.87) 7.2 (0.51) 30.0 (0.87) 24.3 (0.82) 9.0 (0.56)

Widowed ............................... 100.0 30.5 (4.26) *10.3 (3.74) 22.8 (4.87) 29.2 (6.70) *7.1 (2.48)

Geographic region:

Northeast ............................... 100.0 25.4 (0.71) 9.9 (0.49) 34.1 (0.80) 25.0 (0.75) 5.4 (0.42)

Midwest ................................ 100.0 29.2 (0.69) 9.6 (0.43) 31.9 (0.62) 22.9 (0.59) 6.2 (0.40)

South ................................. 100.0 38.0 (0.67) 8.9 (0.31) 27.1 (0.56) 20.1 (0.47) 5.8 (0.30)

West .................................. 100.0 32.1 (0.67) 8.5 (0.38) 31.5 (0.64) 22.3 (0.66) 5.4 (0.32)

Women

Ages 18 years and over (age-adjusted)2 ............. 100.0 44.7 (0.39) 15.3 (0.23) 28.3 (0.31) 7.4 (0.17) 4.3 (0.13)

Ages 18 years and over (crude)2 .................. 100.0 45.0 (0.39) 15.3 (0.23) 27.9 (0.30) 7.4 (0.17) 4.3 (0.13)

Age:3

18–24 years ............................. 100.0 44.1 (1.07) 11.1 (0.58) 31.9 (0.95) 6.8 (0.48) 5.8 (0.46)

25–44 years ............................. 100.0 37.6 (0.54) 17.0 (0.39) 34.0 (0.48) 7.5 (0.27) 3.8 (0.18)

45–64 years ............................. 100.0 43.0 (0.56) 16.9 (0.40) 26.8 (0.46) 8.3 (0.30) 5.0 (0.22)

65–74 years ............................. 100.0 60.1 (0.89) 12.4 (0.60) 17.3 (0.64) 6.3 (0.44) 3.8 (0.50)

75 years and over.......................... 100.0 68.9 (0.90) 11.0 (0.56) 12.2 (0.62) 5.5 (0.41) 2.3 (0.28)

Race:

White, single race .......................... 100.0 41.0 (0.43) 15.5 (0.27) 30.3 (0.35) 8.2 (0.20) 4.8 (0.16)

Black or African American, single race ............. 100.0 59.8 (0.73) 14.4 (0.49) 20.0 (0.58) 3.4 (0.25) 2.2 (0.19)

American Indian or Alaska Native, single race ........ 100.0 54.7 (4.26) 19.5 (3.52) 17.5 (2.14) 4.6 (1.25) *3.6 (1.11)

Asian, single race .......................... 100.0 68.2 (1.27) 10.7 (0.85) 16.9 (1.01) 3.1 (0.46) 1.1 (0.28)

Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander, single race.... 100.0 53.6 (7.19) *10.7 (5.02) 33.1 (7.36) † †

Two or more races ......................... 100.0 49.3 (2.24) 17.0 (2.00) 23.5 (2.18) 4.7 (1.02) 5.5 (1.25)

Black or African American, white ............... 100.0 56.6 (4.94) 18.1 (4.05) 20.4 (4.38) *3.9 (1.92) †

American Indian or Alaska Native, white........... 100.0 48.9 (3.55) 15.4 (3.12) 20.4 (3.09) *5.1 (1.53) 10.2 (2.53)

See footnotes at end of table.
Page 16 [ Series 10, No. 245

Table 3.2. Age-adjusted percent distributions (with standard errors) of current alcohol drinking status for adults 18 years of age and over,

by selected characteristics: United States, average annual, 2005–2007—Con.

Current alcohol drinking status1

Selected characteristic Total Nondrinker Infrequent Light Moderate Heavier

Women—Con. Percent distribution (standard error)

Hispanic or Latino origin and race:

Hispanic or Latino .......................... 100.0 61.8 (0.75) 15.2 (0.59) 18.6 (0.58) 2.8 (0.23) 1.5 (0.17)

Mexican or Mexican American ................. 100.0 65.8 (0.94) 13.9 (0.74) 16.5 (0.69) 2.6 (0.28) 1.1 (0.18)

Not Hispanic or Latino ....................... 100.0 42.1 (0.42) 15.3 (0.25) 29.8 (0.34) 8.0 (0.19) 4.7 (0.15)

White, single race ........................ 100.0 37.1 (0.47) 15.6 (0.29) 32.6 (0.39) 9.2 (0.24) 5.3 (0.18)

Black or African American, single race ............ 100.0 60.1 (0.75) 14.1 (0.50) 20.0 (0.59) 3.5 (0.25) 2.2 (0.19)

Education:

Less than high school graduate ................. 100.0 68.2 (0.69) 12.2 (0.48) 13.9 (0.50) 2.8 (0.24) 2.7 (0.23)

GED diploma4 ............................ 100.0 50.8 (1.87) 16.3 (1.41) 22.9 (1.57) 4.6 (0.74) 5.2 (0.84)

High school graduate ........................ 100.0 49.8 (0.67) 16.7 (0.48) 24.2 (0.58) 5.6 (0.30) 3.6 (0.23)

Some college—no degree ..................... 100.0 39.1 (0.71) 16.1 (0.51) 31.1 (0.65) 8.3 (0.40) 5.2 (0.30)

Associate of arts degree ...................... 100.0 38.3 (0.94) 18.3 (0.71) 31.6 (0.89) 8.0 (0.48) 3.8 (0.36)

Bachelor of arts, science degree ................. 100.0 31.9 (0.73) 14.7 (0.54) 36.5 (0.71) 11.0 (0.46) 6.0 (0.37)

Masters, doctorate, medical degree ............... 100.0 28.5 (0.94) 13.1 (0.72) 41.2 (1.04) 12.7 (0.68) 4.5 (0.44)

Poverty status:5

Below poverty level ......................... 100.0 61.6 (0.82) 12.9 (0.51) 18.1 (0.62) 3.7 (0.31) 3.5 (0.29)

≥1 and <2 times poverty level .................. 100.0 56.4 (0.70) 14.8 (0.48) 20.7 (0.56) 4.8 (0.32) 3.2 (0.26)

≥2 and <4 times poverty level .................. 100.0 45.5 (0.68) 16.7 (0.45) 27.0 (0.58) 6.6 (0.30) 4.1 (0.25)

4 times poverty level or more ................... 100.0 31.5 (0.61) 14.9 (0.39) 37.3 (0.59) 10.8 (0.35) 5.3 (0.25)

Marital status:

Never married ............................ 100.0 48.4 (0.90) 12.8 (0.54) 27.1 (0.71) 7.1 (0.41) 4.4 (0.31)

Married ................................ 100.0 44.1 (0.49) 16.5 (0.33) 28.5 (0.42) 7.2 (0.23) 3.6 (0.17)

Cohabiting .............................. 100.0 32.1 (1.67) 14.9 (1.20) 32.7 (1.60) 10.4 (1.02) 9.6 (0.97)

Divorced or separated ....................... 100.0 41.8 (0.77) 16.2 (0.56) 29.8 (0.71) 7.5 (0.39) 4.6 (0.31)

Widowed ............................... 100.0 55.4 (2.90) 15.2 (1.87) 22.5 (2.70) 3.1 (0.54) *3.8 (1.38)

Geographic region:

Northeast ............................... 100.0 35.9 (0.72) 16.1 (0.54) 33.9 (0.70) 9.6 (0.50) 4.4 (0.30)

Midwest ................................ 100.0 39.5 (0.80) 16.7 (0.53) 31.4 (0.64) 7.4 (0.34) 4.8 (0.30)

South ................................. 100.0 51.0 (0.66) 14.8 (0.37) 24.2 (0.50) 6.1 (0.26) 3.7 (0.19)

West .................................. 100.0 46.9 (0.78) 13.6 (0.45) 27.1 (0.59) 7.5 (0.32) 4.8 (0.30)

* Estimates preceded by an asterisk have a relative standard error of greater than 30% and less than or equal to 50%. These should be interpreted with caution as they do not meet the standard of
 

reliability or precision.
 

† Estimates with a relative standard error greater than 50% are indicated with a dagger, but are not shown.
 

1

Current alcohol drinking status: Nondrinker—no drinks in the past year (includes former drinkers and lifetime abstainers); infrequent—at least 12 drinks in lifetime and 1–11 drinks in past year; light—
 

3 drinks or less per week, on average, in the past year; moderate—more than 3 and up to and including 14 drinks per week for men, and more than 3 and up to and including 7 drinks per week for
 

women, on average, in the past year; heavier—more than 14 drinks per week for men, and more than 7 drinks per week for women, on average, in the past year.
 

2

Persons of other races and unknown race and ethnicity, unknown education, unknown poverty status, and unknown marital status are included in the total.
 

3

Estimates for age groups are not age adjusted.
 

4

GED is General Educational Development high school equivalency diploma.
 

5

Poverty status is based on family income and family size using the U.S. Census Bureau poverty thresholds for 2004, 2005, and 2006.
 

NOTES: Unless otherwise specified, estimates are age adjusted using the projected 2000 U.S. population as the standard population and using three age groups: 18–44 years, 45–64 years, and 65

years and over. For crude percent distributions, refer to Appendix Table IV. Denominator for each percent distribution excludes persons with unknown lifetime and unknown current drinking status. See

Appendix II for definitions of terms. See Appendix III for health behavior questions.

DATA SOURCE: National Health Interview Survey, 2005–2007. Estimates are based on household interviews of a sample of the civilian noninstitutionalized population.
Series 10, No. 245 [ Page 17

Table 3.3. Age-adjusted percentages (with standard errors) of adults 18 years of age and over who had five or more drinks in 1 day at least

once in the past year, and age-adjusted percentages (with standard errors) of adults 18 years of age and over who had five or more drinks

in 1 day on at least 12 days in the past year, by selected characteristics: United States, average annual, 2005–2007

Five or more drinks in 1 day at least once1 Five or more drinks in 1 day on at least 12 days1

Selected characteristic Both sexes Men Women Both sexes Men Women

Percent of adults (standard error)

Ages 18 years and over (age-adjusted)2 .............

Ages 18 years and over (crude)2 ..................

20.5 (0.24)

20.2 (0.25)

28.8 (0.37)

28.9 (0.39)

12.8 (0.22)

12.3 (0.22)

9.2 (0.16)

9.1 (0.16)

14.6 (0.27)

14.7 (0.28)

4.2 (0.14)

4.0 (0.13)

Age3

18–24 years ...............................

25–44 years ...............................

45–64 years ...............................

65–74 years ...............................

75 years and over ...........................

31.9 (0.84)

27.4 (0.40)

15.6 (0.29)

6.1 (0.33)

2.2 (0.22)

40.7 (1.25)

37.9 (0.61)

23.3 (0.50)

10.3 (0.62)

4.3 (0.47)

23.4 (0.89)

17.2 (0.39)

8.5 (0.29)

2.5 (0.28)

0.8 (0.18)

16.2 (0.62)

11.8 (0.27)

6.8 (0.20)

2.8 (0.21)

0.9 (0.14)

22.9 (1.00)

18.8 (0.46)

11.5 (0.37)

4.9 (0.42)

2.0 (0.32)

9.7 (0.62)

5.1 (0.23)

2.4 (0.15)

0.9 (0.18)

*0.3 (0.12)

Race

White, single race ...........................

Black or African American, single race...............

American Indian or Alaska Native, single race ..........

Asian, single race ...........................

Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander, single race .....

Two or more races ...........................

Black or African American, white .................

American Indian or Alaska Native, white ............

22.5 (0.28)

11.9 (0.39)

24.5 (2.88)

9.2 (0.59)

21.1 (4.78)

21.6 (1.58)

13.7 (3.14)

27.1 (2.58)

31.0 (0.42)

19.2 (0.75)

34.0 (4.19)

14.1 (1.05)

30.5 (6.90)

28.6 (2.60)

19.6 (5.72)

32.6 (3.80)

14.4 (0.27)

6.0 (0.34)

14.6 (2.23)

4.5 (0.55)

*9.8 (3.54)

15.0 (1.70)

9.6 (2.86)

20.8 (3.06)

10.0 (0.18)

5.9 (0.31)

11.7 (1.73)

3.8 (0.42)

13.7 (3.97)

10.2 (1.30)

*3.2 (1.20)

13.0 (2.12)

15.6 (0.30)

10.7 (0.64)

17.2 (2.74)

6.2 (0.74)

23.6 (6.47)

15.3 (2.19)

†

15.6 (3.21)

4.6 (0.17)

2.0 (0.19)

6.1 (1.51)

1.5 (0.35)

†

5.5 (1.14)

*1.9 (0.81)

10.3 (2.48)

Hispanic or Latino origin and race

Hispanic or Latino ...........................

Mexican or Mexican American ..................

Not Hispanic or Latino.........................

White, single race ..........................

Black or African American, single race .............

17.2 (0.43)

18.8 (0.56)

21.2 (0.27)

23.8 (0.32)

11.7 (0.40)

27.0 (0.72)

30.0 (0.95)

29.2 (0.41)

32.0 (0.48)

19.0 (0.78)

7.0 (0.36)

6.8 (0.43)

13.8 (0.25)

16.0 (0.31)

5.9 (0.34)

8.6 (0.30)

9.9 (0.40)

9.4 (0.18)

10.4 (0.21)

5.9 (0.32)

14.3 (0.53)

16.8 (0.71)

14.7 (0.31)

16.0 (0.35)

10.6 (0.66)

2.6 (0.21)

2.4 (0.24)

4.4 (0.16)

5.1 (0.19)

2.0 (0.20)

Education

Less than high school graduate ...................

GED diploma4

..............................

High school graduate .........................

Some college—no degree ......................

Associate of arts degree .......................

Bachelor of arts, science degree ..................

Masters, doctorate, medical degree ................

17.8 (0.49)

24.8 (1.20)

19.5 (0.40)

22.7 (0.49)

21.5 (0.61)

22.4 (0.51)

17.7 (0.63)

27.0 (0.79)

35.0 (1.84)

27.5 (0.64)

31.1 (0.80)

31.8 (1.00)

30.4 (0.83)

23.6 (1.04)

8.2 (0.44)

14.0 (1.23)

11.4 (0.42)

15.4 (0.51)

13.4 (0.64)

14.7 (0.50)

12.1 (0.65)

9.7 (0.37)

13.6 (0.96)

9.5 (0.28)

10.3 (0.35)

8.9 (0.42)

8.8 (0.34)

5.3 (0.40)

15.9 (0.64)

20.7 (1.58)

15.2 (0.49)

16.0 (0.60)

15.4 (0.81)

13.3 (0.59)

8.2 (0.78)

3.2 (0.26)

6.0 (0.83)

3.8 (0.27)

5.4 (0.35)

3.7 (0.34)

4.5 (0.30)

2.6 (0.33)

Poverty status5

Below poverty level ..........................

≥1 and <2 times poverty level ....................

≥2 and <4 times poverty level ....................

4 times poverty level or more ....................

17.2 (0.57)

17.3 (0.44)

20.0 (0.37)

23.6 (0.40)

26.2 (0.99)

25.2 (0.75)

28.0 (0.59)

31.6 (0.61)

10.7 (0.53)

10.5 (0.43)

12.4 (0.39)

15.1 (0.42)

9.3 (0.38)

8.9 (0.31)

9.1 (0.26)

9.6 (0.27)

16.0 (0.77)

14.6 (0.57)

14.4 (0.44)

14.5 (0.44)

4.5 (0.31)

3.9 (0.28)

4.0 (0.25)

4.3 (0.26)

Marital status

Never married..............................

Married ..................................

Cohabiting ................................

Divorced or separated.........................

Widowed .................................

23.2 (0.49)

17.7 (0.27)

28.9 (0.89)

21.9 (0.54)

10.6 (2.11)

30.3 (0.73)

25.9 (0.46)

35.7 (1.28)

33.3 (0.94)

31.3 (6.77)

15.3 (0.54)

10.1 (0.26)

21.4 (1.02)

14.3 (0.59)

4.8 (1.13)

11.9 (0.36)

6.8 (0.16)

14.1 (0.74)

10.1 (0.39)

*6.2 (1.98)

17.2 (0.58)

11.4 (0.31)

19.1 (1.09)

18.6 (0.80)

25.1 (6.86)

5.9 (0.34)

2.6 (0.13)

8.7 (0.76)

4.4 (0.34)

*0.9 (0.36)

Geographic region

Northeast ................................

Midwest .................................

South ...................................

West ...................................

21.4 (0.58)

25.1 (0.53)

17.6 (0.39)

19.8 (0.46)

29.9 (0.89)

34.2 (0.82)

25.5 (0.58)

27.6 (0.72)

13.9 (0.55)

16.5 (0.48)

10.3 (0.34)

12.1 (0.47)

8.8 (0.39)

11.6 (0.36)

8.3 (0.24)

8.5 (0.30)

13.9 (0.67)

17.9 (0.60)

13.4 (0.43)

13.5 (0.50)

4.4 (0.38)

5.5 (0.34)

3.6 (0.19)

3.4 (0.24)

* Estimates preceded by an asterisk have a relative standard error of greater than 30% and less than or equal to 50%. These should be interpreted with caution as they do not meet the standard of
 

reliability or precision.
 

† Estimates with a relative standard error greater than 50% are indicated with a dagger, but are not shown.
 

1

Adults who had had at least one drink in the past year (current drinkers) were asked on how many days in the past year they had had five or more drinks of any alcoholic beverage. Estimates in this
 

table are the percentage of all adults who had five or more drinks (with nondrinkers assigned a value of zero drinks.)
 

2

Persons of other races and unknown race and ethnicity, unknown education, unknown poverty status, and unknown marital status are included in total.
 

3

Estimates for age groups are not age adjusted.
 

4

GED is General Educational Development high school equivalency diploma.
 

5

Poverty status is based on family income and family size using the U.S. Census Bureau poverty thresholds for 2004, 2005, and 2006.
 

NOTES: Unless otherwise specified, estimates are age adjusted using the projected 2000 U.S. population as the standard population and using three age groups: 18–44 years, 45–64 years, and 65

years and over. For crude percentages, refer to Appendix Table V. Denominator for each percentage excludes persons with unknown lifetime drinking status and/or unknown five or more drinks in 1

day. See Appendix II for definitions of terms. See Appendix III for health behavior questions.

DATA SOURCE: National Health Interview Survey, 2005–2007. Estimates are based on household interviews of a sample of the civilian noninstitutionalized population.
Page 18 [ Series 10, No. 245

Table 3.4. Age-adjusted percentages (with standard errors) of current drinkers 18 years of age and over who had five or more drinks in 1

day at least once in the past year, and age-adjusted percentages (with standard errors) of current drinkers 18 years of age and over who

had five or more drinks in 1 day on at least 12 days in the past year, by selected characteristics: United States, average annual, 2005–2007

Five or more drinks in 1 day at least once1 Five or more drinks in 1 day on at least 12 days1

Selected characteristic Both sexes Men Women Both sexes Men Women

Percent of current drinkers (standard error)

Ages 18 years and over (age-adjusted)2 .............

Ages 18 years and over (crude)2 ..................

32.2 (0.32)

33.3 (0.35)

41.4 (0.45)

42.9 (0.50)

21.7 (0.33)

22.4 (0.36)

14.5 (0.23)

14.9 (0.25)

21.0 (0.36)

21.8 (0.38)

7.1 (0.22)

7.3 (0.23)

Age3

18–24 years ...............................

25–44 years ...............................

45–64 years ...............................

65–74 years ...............................

75 years and over ...........................

53.8 (1.02)

40.1 (0.52)

25.2 (0.44)

12.8 (0.67)

5.8 (0.56)

64.0 (1.38)

50.7 (0.71)

34.7 (0.69)

18.4 (1.06)

9.1 (0.96)

42.3 (1.30)

27.7 (0.58)

14.9 (0.48)

6.2 (0.69)

2.5 (0.59)

27.3 (0.91)

17.3 (0.37)

11.0 (0.32)

5.9 (0.44)

2.5 (0.38)

36.1 (1.35)

25.1 (0.58)

17.1 (0.54)

8.8 (0.73)

4.2 (0.67)

17.5 (1.05)

8.2 (0.36)

4.3 (0.27)

2.4 (0.45)

*0.9 (0.37)

Race

White, single race ...........................

Black or African American, single race...............

American Indian or Alaska Native, single race ..........

Asian, single race ...........................

Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander, single race .....

Two or more races ...........................

Black or African American, white .................

American Indian or Alaska Native, white ............

33.6 (0.35)

23.9 (0.74)

46.4 (3.83)

19.9 (1.19)

44.2 (7.09)

37.7 (2.67)

24.8 (5.31)

45.5 (3.71)

43.0 (0.50)

32.7 (1.19)

57.8 (5.32)

24.5 (1.68)

60.2 (9.19)

49.8 (3.84)

33.7 (7.58)

54.4 (5.02)

23.0 (0.38)

13.9 (0.76)

30.8 (4.00)

12.1 (1.44)

*18.2 (7.33)

24.9 (2.83)

14.8 (4.17)

34.5 (4.74)

15.0 (0.25)

12.0 (0.62)

21.6 (2.88)

8.1 (0.85)

28.5 (5.31)

18.4 (2.52)

*5.8 (2.46)

21.8 (3.58)

21.6 (0.39)

18.4 (1.05)

29.1 (4.08)

10.8 (1.24)

44.1 (8.69)

27.6 (4.08)

†

26.8 (5.64)

7.4 (0.26)

4.8 (0.45)

11.9 (2.88)

3.7 (0.86)

†

8.7 (1.80)

*2.9 (1.26)

15.9 (3.54)

Hispanic or Latino origin and race

Hispanic or Latino ...........................

Mexican or Mexican American ..................

Not Hispanic or Latino.........................

White, single race ..........................

Black or African American, single race .............

32.3 (0.74)

37.2 (1.10)

32.2 (0.34)

33.9 (0.38)

23.7 (0.76)

41.5 (1.03)

47.2 (1.47)

41.5 (0.50)

43.5 (0.55)

32.4 (1.23)

17.1 (0.82)

18.2 (1.05)

22.3 (0.36)

23.8 (0.41)

13.8 (0.78)

16.1 (0.54)

19.6 (0.79)

14.3 (0.25)

14.8 (0.28)

12.0 (0.64)

21.9 (0.78)

26.3 (1.10)

20.9 (0.40)

21.7 (0.44)

18.2 (1.09)

6.3 (0.51)

6.6 (0.63)

7.2 (0.24)

7.6 (0.28)

4.8 (0.46)

Education

Less than high school graduate ...................

GED diploma4

..............................

High school graduate .........................

Some college—no degree ......................

Associate of arts degree .......................

Bachelor of arts, science degree ..................

Masters, doctorate, medical degree ................

38.5 (0.84)

41.3 (1.81)

33.2 (0.57)

33.9 (0.62)

31.4 (0.82)

29.8 (0.64)

23.6 (0.80)

46.1 (1.10)

52.7 (2.35)

42.4 (0.85)

44.0 (0.96)

43.1 (1.21)

38.2 (0.96)

30.6 (1.26)

24.5 (1.14)

25.3 (2.24)

21.7 (0.70)

24.1 (0.72)

20.8 (0.95)

20.6 (0.68)

16.5 (0.87)

21.1 (0.72)

23.0 (1.57)

16.2 (0.44)

15.4 (0.48)

12.9 (0.59)

11.6 (0.43)

7.0 (0.53)

27.4 (0.99)

31.4 (2.28)

23.3 (0.69)

22.6 (0.79)

20.7 (1.04)

16.6 (0.72)

10.6 (0.97)

9.7 (0.75)

11.6 (1.73)

7.2 (0.49)

8.4 (0.53)

5.8 (0.51)

6.2 (0.42)

3.7 (0.47)

Poverty status5

Below poverty level ..........................

≥1 and <2 times poverty level ....................

≥2 and <4 times poverty level ....................

4 times poverty level or more ....................

35.3 (0.92)

32.5 (0.72)

32.0 (0.51)

31.6 (0.49)

45.3 (1.34)

42.0 (1.07)

41.4 (0.78)

40.6 (0.70)

25.2 (1.11)

21.9 (0.86)

21.3 (0.60)

21.1 (0.54)

19.4 (0.71)

16.9 (0.56)

14.6 (0.38)

12.8 (0.35)

28.0 (1.22)

24.4 (0.92)

21.3 (0.62)

18.6 (0.54)

10.7 (0.76)

8.3 (0.60)

6.9 (0.41)

6.0 (0.35)

Marital status

Never married..............................

Married ..................................

Cohabiting ................................

Divorced or separated.........................

Widowed .................................

38.5 (0.71)

27.8 (0.38)

38.8 (1.17)

33.5 (0.74)

20.3 (3.49)

47.0 (1.05)

36.8 (0.57)

45.6 (1.62)

46.4 (1.19)

42.5 (7.52)

27.2 (0.86)

17.4 (0.42)

30.2 (1.38)

23.2 (0.87)

10.6 (2.30)

19.7 (0.58)

10.7 (0.25)

19.0 (1.00)

15.6 (0.57)

11.7 (3.36)

26.6 (0.89)

16.2 (0.42)

24.4 (1.41)

26.1 (1.04)

33.1 (7.69)

10.5 (0.58)

4.5 (0.22)

12.1 (1.04)

7.2 (0.55)

*2.1 (0.76)

Geographic region

Northeast ................................

Midwest .................................

South ...................................

West ...................................

30.0 (0.70)

36.5 (0.62)

30.3 (0.56)

31.9 (0.66)

39.3 (1.05)

46.6 (0.94)

39.7 (0.77)

39.8 (0.91)

20.6 (0.74)

25.3 (0.64)

19.5 (0.57)

22.0 (0.77)

12.4 (0.52)

16.8 (0.48)

14.3 (0.39)

13.6 (0.46)

18.2 (0.83)

24.4 (0.75)

20.8 (0.62)

19.5 (0.68)

6.5 (0.55)

8.5 (0.49)

6.9 (0.34)

6.2 (0.42)

* Estimates preceded by an asterisk have a relative standard error of greater than 30% and less than or equal to 50%. These should be interpreted with caution as they do not meet the standard of
 

reliability or precision.
 

† Estimates with a relative standard error greater than 50% are indicated with a dagger, but are not shown.
 

1

Adults who had had at least one drink in the past year (current drinkers) were asked on how many days in the past year they had had five or more drinks.
 

2

Persons of other races and unknown race and ethnicity, unknown education, unknown poverty status, and unknown marital status are included in total.
 

3

Estimates for age groups are not age adjusted.
 

4

GED is General Educational Development high school equivalency diploma.
 

5

Poverty status is based on family income and family size using the U.S. Census Bureau poverty thresholds for 2004, 2005, and 2006.
 

NOTES: Unless otherwise specified, estimates are age adjusted using the projected 2000 U.S. population as the standard population and using three age groups: 18–44 years, 45–64 years, and 65

years and over. For crude percentages, refer to Appendix Table VI. Denominator for each percentage excludes persons with unknown lifetime drinking status, nondrinkers, and current drinkers with

unknown information for five or more drinks in 1 day. See Appendix II for definitions of terms. See Appendix III for health behavior questions.

DATA SOURCE: National Health Interview Survey, 2005–2007. Estimates are based on household interviews of a sample of the civilian noninstitutionalized population.
Chapter 4

Cigarette Smoking

All Adults

+	 Overall, 20.4% of U.S. adults were

current smokers, 21.1% of adults

were formers smokers, and over

one-half of adults (58.5%) had never

smoked cigarettes (Table 4.1).

+	 Among all adults, 16% smoked

daily and 4% smoked less than daily

(Table 4.2 and Figure 4.1).

+	 About one in four nondaily smokers

(27.4%) smoked on 5 days or less in

the past 30 days; about 17%

nondaily smokers smoked on 21

days or more during the past 30

days (Figure 4.2).

+	 Daily smokers smoked an average

of 17 cigarettes a day compared

with 5 cigarettes a day for nondaily

smokers on days that they smoked

(Table 4.2).

+	 About one-half of all current

smokers (daily and nondaily)

(52.9%) usually smoked fewer than

15 cigarettes on days smoked; about

one-third (35.3%) usually smoked

15–24 cigarettes on days smoked

(Table 4.3 and Figure 4.3).

+	 Approximately 3 in 10 current

smokers (31.8%) started smoking

before the age of 16 years and about

1 in 5 current smokers (17.1%)

started smoking at age 21 years or

over (Table 4.4 and Figure 4.4).

+	 About 4 in 10 current smokers

(42.5%) attempted to quit smoking

in the past year, with nondaily

smokers (54.6%) more likely than

daily smokers (39.6%) to have

attempted to quit (Table 4.5).

Sex

+	 Men (23.0%) were more likely than

women (18.0%) to be current

smokers and also more likely to be

former smokers (Table 4.1).

+	 Male smokers (daily and nondaily)

were about twice as likely as female

smokers to usually smoke 35 or

more cigarettes on days smoked

(Table 4.3).

Series 10, No. 245 [ Page 19

64.4 

14.4 

17.6 

3.5 

16.2 

21.1 

4.2 

58.5 

0 

10 

20 

30 

40 

50 

60 

70 

Both sexes Men Women 

Current daily Current nondaily Former Never 

Percent

NOTES: Estimates are based on household interviews of a sample of the civilian noninstitutionalized population. Totals do not 

add to 100% due to rounding. Estimates are age adjusted using the projected 2000 U.S. population as the standard population. 

DATA SOURCE: CDC/NCHS, National Health Interview Survey, 2005–2007. 

25.2 

51.8 

5.0 

18.1 

Figure 4.1. Percent distributions of current cigarette smoking status of adults, by sex:

United States, 2005–2007

+ Male smokers were more likely than Age female smokers to have started

smoking before the age of 16 years, + Current smoking was most prevalent

and female smokers were more among adults aged 18–24 years

likely than male smokers to have (23.5%) and aged 25–44 years

started smoking at age 21 years and (23.4%) and declined with age

over (Table 4.4). (Table 4.1).

5 days or less 

27.4% 

6–10 days 

17.1% 

11–15 days 

21.0% 

16–20 days 

17.5% 

21 days or more 

17.0% 

NOTE: Estimates are based on household interviews of a sample of the civilian noninstitutionalized population. Estimates are 


age adjusted using the projected 2000 U.S. population as the standard population. 


DATA SOURCE: CDC/NCHS, National Health Interview Survey, 2005–2007.
 

Figure 4.2. Percent distribution of number of days smoked in the past 30 days among adult

nondaily smokers: United States, 2005–2007
35 or more cigarettes 

25–34 


cigarettes
 5.1% 

Less than 

15 cigarettes 15–24 cigarettes 52.9%

35.3% 

6.8% 

NOTES: Estimates are based on household interviews of a sample of the civilian noninstitutionalized population. Estimates are 

age adjusted using the projected 2000 U.S. population as the standard population. Current smokers include daily and nondaily 

smokers. 

DATA SOURCE: CDC/NCHS, National Health Interview Survey, 2005–2007. 

Less than 16 years 

31.8% 

18–20 years 

26.3% 

16–17 years 

24.8% 

21 years 

and over 

17.1% 

NOTES: Estimates are based on household interviews of a sample of the civilian noninstitutionalized population. Estimates are 

age adjusted using the projected 2000 U.S. population as the standard population. Current smokers include daily and nondaily 

smokers. 

DATA SOURCE: CDC/NCHS, National Health Interview Survey, 2005–2007. 

Page 20 [ Series 10, No. 245

+	 Among current daily smokers, the

mean number of cigarettes smoked

was higher for those aged 45–64

years (18 cigarettes) and 65–74

years (19 cigarettes) than for daily

smokers in the other age groups

(Table 4.2).

+	 About one in three current smokers

aged 18–24 years (35.7%) started

smoking before the age of 16 years

(Table 4.4).

+	 Among daily smokers, attempts to

quit smoking in the past year were

strongly associated with age:

one-half (49.9%) of the youngest

group had attempted to quit,

declining steadily to about 3 in 10

(27.7%) of daily smokers in the

oldest age group (Table 4.5 and

Figure 4.5).

Race

+	 American Indian or Alaska Native

adults (27.2%) were more likely

than white adults (20.9%), black

adults (20.7%), and Asian adults

(10.9%) to be current smokers

(Table 4.1).

+	 Asian men (17.3%) were less likely

to be current smokers than most

other single-race groups studied:

American Indian or Alaska Native

men (30.3%); black men (25.3%);

white men (23.0%). American

Indian or Alaska Native women

(24.3%) were about five times as

likely as Asian women (4.8%) to be

current smokers (Table 4.1).

+	 White women who smoked daily,

smoked more cigarettes (16

cigarettes), on average, than daily

female smokers in other single-race

groups studied (Table 4.2).

+	 White male smokers (daily and

nondaily) were nearly four times as

likely as black male smokers to

usually smoke 35 cigarettes or more

on days smoked (Table 4.3).

+	 Asian smokers (31.1%) and black

smokers (23.8%) were more likely

than white smokers (15.9%) or

American Indian or Alaska Native

smokers (12.7%) to have started

smoking on or after their 21st

birthday (Table 4.4).

Figure 4.3. Percent distribution of usual number of cigarettes on days smoked among all

adult current smokers: United States, 2005–2007

Hispanic or Latino Origin current smokers (Table 4.1).

+	 Non-Hispanic white women (20.7%) and Race

were more likely than non-Hispanic

+	 Non-Hispanic white adults (22.4%) black women (17.0%) and twice as

and non-Hispanic black adults likely as Hispanic women (9.6%) to

(20.8%) were more likely than be current smokers (Table 4.1).

Hispanic adults (14.2%) to be + Non-Hispanic white male smokers

(daily and nondaily) smoked an

Figure 4.4. Percent distribution of age of smoking initiation among all adult current

smokers: United States, 2005–2007
Non-Hispanic black 


20
 

Hispanic Non-Hispanic white

Number of cigarettes on days smoked 

17.4 

15 14.2 

9.6 10 

8.5 

10.9 

7.4 

5 

0 

Men	 Women 

NOTES: Estimates are based on household interviews of a sample of the civilian noninstitutionalized population. Estimates are 

age adjusted using the projected 2000 U.S. population as the standard population. Current smokers include daily and nondaily 

smokers. 

DATA SOURCE: CDC/NCHS, National Health Interview Survey, 2005–2007. 

Series 10, No. 245 [ Page 21

average of about 17 cigarettes a day

on days they smoked, compared

with 11 cigarettes for non-Hispanic

black male smokers and 9 cigarettes

for Hispanic male smokers. Among

female smokers (daily and nondaily,

combined), non-Hispanic white

women smoked more cigarettes (14

cigarettes), on average, than either

non-Hispanic black women (10

cigarettes) or Hispanic women (7

cigarettes) (Table 4.2 and

Figure 4.6).

+	 Non-Hispanic white male smokers

were more likely than non-Hispanic

black male smokers to have started

smoking before age 16 years

(Table 4.4).

Education

+	 With the exception of adults having

0 

10 

20 

30 

40 

50 

60 

18–24 25–44 45–64 

Age in years 

65–74 75 and 

over 

Percent

Daily smokers 

Nondaily smokers 

NOTE: Estimates are based on household interviews of a sample of the civilian noninstitutionalized population. 

DATA SOURCE: CDC/NCHS, National Health Interview Survey, 2005–2007. 

Figure 4.5. Percentage of adult current smokers who tried to quit in the past year, by age

and smoking frequency: United States, 2005–2007

a GED high school equivalency income group (12.8%) to be current Marital Status

diploma, for whom current smoking

rates were very high (43.4%),

prevalence of current cigarette

smoking declined steadily with

increasing education—from 28.2%

among adults with less than a high

school diploma to 6.3% among

adults with a masters, doctorate, or

medical degree (Table 4.1).

+	 Adults who had earned a bachelor

of arts or science degree (6.6%) or

an advanced academic degree

(4.1%) were less than one-half as

smokers (Table 4.1).

+	 Smokers with the lowest family + Cohabiting adults (34.6%) and

incomes were more likely to have divorced or separated adults (30.6%)

started smoking before 16 years of were more likely than never married

age than were smokers in the adults (22.3%) and married adults

highest family income groups (16.2%) to be current smokers

(Table 4.4). (Table 4.1).

likely as adults with less education

(15.8%–39.4%) to be daily smokers

(Table 4.2).

+ Adult current smokers with less than

a high school diploma (43.2%) were

more than twice as likely as adults

with a bachelor’s degree or higher to

have started smoking before the age

of 16 years (Table 4.4 and

Figure 4.7).

Poverty Status

+	 Men with family incomes below the

poverty level (31.8%) were almost

twice as likely as men in the highest

family income group (17.2%) to be

current smokers, and women with

family incomes below the poverty

level (25.8%) were twice as likely

as women in the highest family

Figure 4.6. Mean number of cigarettes on days smoked by adult current smokers, by

Hispanic origin and race and sex: United States, 2005–2007
Less than General Educational Development High school Some college 

high school (GED) high school equivalency graduate 

diploma 

Associate of arts degree Bachelor’s degree Graduate degree 

Percent 

60 

52.9 

50 

43.2 

40 

28.3 28.9 27.4 

20 

30 

17.4 17.2 

10 

0 

Both sexes 

NOTES: Estimates are based on household interviews of a sample of the civilian noninstitutionalized population. Estimates 

are age adjusted using the projected 2000 U.S. population as the standard population. Current smokers include daily and 

nondaily smokers. 

DATA SOURCE: CDC/NCHS, National Health Interview Survey, 2005–2007. 

Page 22 [ Series 10, No. 245

+	 Prevalence of daily smoking was

about twice as high among

cohabiting adults as married adults

(Table 4.2).

Geographic Region

+	 Adults living in the West (16.8%)

were less likely to be current

smokers than those living in the

Northeast (19.0%), South (21.3%),

or Midwest (23.4%) (Table 4.1).

+	 Among all current smokers, adults

living in the West smoked fewer

cigarettes on days that they smoked

than adults in the other regions of

the country (Table 4.2 and

Table 4.3).

Figure 4.7. Percentage of adult current smokers who started smoking younger than 16

years of age, by level of education: United States, 2005–2007
Series 10, No. 245 [ Page 23

Table 4.1. Age-adjusted percent distributions (with standard errors) of lifetime cigarette smoking status for adults 18 years of age and over,

by selected characteristics: United States, average annual, 2005–2007

Lifetime cigarette smoking status1

Never Former Current

Selected characteristic Total smoker smoker smoker

Both sexes Percent distribution (standard error)

Ages 18 years and over (age-adjusted)2 ............. 100.0 58.5 (0.26) 21.1 (0.19) 20.4 (0.21)

Ages 18 years and over (crude)2 ................. 100.0 58.1 (0.27) 21.4 (0.21) 20.5 (0.21)

Age:3

18–24 years ............................. 100.0 69.8 (0.74) 6.7 (0.34) 23.5 (0.67)

25–44 years ............................. 100.0 62.5 (0.37) 14.0 (0.26) 23.4 (0.32)

45–64 years ............................. 100.0 51.7 (0.43) 26.7 (0.36) 21.6 (0.34)

65–74 years ............................. 100.0 48.4 (0.69) 39.2 (0.67) 12.4 (0.44)

75 years and over.......................... 100.0 56.2 (0.75) 38.6 (0.74) 5.1 (0.31)

Race:

White, single race .......................... 100.0 56.7 (0.29) 22.4 (0.21) 20.9 (0.24)

Black or African American, single race ............. 100.0 65.0 (0.56) 14.4 (0.39) 20.7 (0.49)

American Indian or Alaska Native, single race ........ 100.0 52.2 (4.62) 20.6 (3.10) 27.2 (3.07)

Asian, single race .......................... 100.0 77.6 (0.84) 11.5 (0.63) 10.9 (0.63)

Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander, single race.... 100.0 71.0 (5.86) *12.4 (3.87) 16.5 (4.17)

Two or more races ......................... 100.0 50.9 (2.07) 24.5 (1.44) 24.7 (1.78)

Black or African American, white ............... 100.0 65.4 (4.73) 17.6 (3.69) 17.0 (3.02)

American Indian or Alaska Native, white........... 100.0 43.1 (3.02) 27.1 (2.03) 29.7 (2.86)

Hispanic or Latino origin and race:

Hispanic or Latino .......................... 100.0 70.2 (0.57) 15.6 (0.46) 14.2 (0.43)

Mexican or Mexican American ................. 100.0 70.7 (0.71) 15.2 (0.60) 14.1 (0.52)

Not Hispanic or Latino ....................... 100.0 56.7 (0.29) 21.7 (0.20) 21.6 (0.23)

White, single race ........................ 100.0 54.1 (0.33) 23.5 (0.24) 22.4 (0.27)

Black or African American, single race ............ 100.0 64.8 (0.57) 14.4 (0.39) 20.8 (0.50)

Education:

Less than high school graduate ................. 100.0 53.9 (0.62) 18.0 (0.41) 28.2 (0.56)

GED diploma4 ............................ 100.0 33.1 (1.28) 23.5 (1.04) 43.4 (1.33)

High school graduate ........................ 100.0 54.4 (0.47) 20.8 (0.35) 24.9 (0.40)

Some college—no degree ..................... 100.0 55.8 (0.55) 22.9 (0.42) 21.3 (0.43)

Associate of arts degree ...................... 100.0 57.3 (0.72) 22.8 (0.61) 19.9 (0.57)

Bachelor of arts, science degree ................. 100.0 67.8 (0.50) 21.9 (0.45) 10.3 (0.34)

Masters, doctorate, medical degree ............... 100.0 71.8 (0.66) 21.9 (0.61) 6.3 (0.33)

Poverty status:5

Below poverty level ......................... 100.0 56.2 (0.73) 15.5 (0.44) 28.3 (0.66)

≥1 and <2 times poverty level .................. 100.0 55.8 (0.58) 19.0 (0.43) 25.1 (0.50)

≥2 and <4 times poverty level .................. 100.0 56.7 (0.43) 21.5 (0.33) 21.8 (0.37)

4 times poverty level or more ................... 100.0 61.4 (0.39) 23.5 (0.32) 15.1 (0.29)

Marital status:

Never married ............................ 100.0 62.9 (0.62) 14.8 (0.47) 22.3 (0.51)

Married ................................ 100.0 60.2 (0.32) 23.6 (0.26) 16.2 (0.23)

Cohabiting .............................. 100.0 41.0 (1.10) 24.4 (1.02) 34.6 (0.97)

Divorced or separated ....................... 100.0 48.2 (0.61) 21.2 (0.45) 30.6 (0.56)

Widowed ............................... 100.0 50.9 (2.59) 20.8 (1.82) 28.3 (2.55)

Geographic region:

Northeast ............................... 100.0 57.8 (0.62) 23.1 (0.45) 19.0 (0.49)

Midwest ................................ 100.0 54.8 (0.56) 21.8 (0.36) 23.4 (0.44)

South ................................. 100.0 59.1 (0.43) 19.6 (0.33) 21.3 (0.34)

West .................................. 100.0 62.3 (0.56) 20.9 (0.37) 16.8 (0.43)

Men

Ages 18 years and over (age-adjusted)2 ............. 100.0 51.8 (0.37) 25.2 (0.29) 23.0 (0.31)

Ages 18 years and over (crude)2 ................. 100.0 51.8 (0.38) 24.8 (0.32) 23.4 (0.32)

Age:3

18–24 years ............................. 100.0 66.6 (1.11) 6.1 (0.46) 27.3 (1.02)

25–44 years ............................. 100.0 58.8 (0.54) 14.9 (0.39) 26.3 (0.48)

45–64 years ............................. 100.0 44.5 (0.58) 31.4 (0.55) 24.1 (0.50)

65–74 years ............................. 100.0 36.3 (0.96) 49.9 (1.02) 13.8 (0.69)

75 years and over.......................... 100.0 36.3 (1.18) 58.0 (1.19) 5.6 (0.53)

See footnotes at end of table.
Page 24 [ Series 10, No. 245

Table 4.1. Age-adjusted percent distributions (with standard errors) of lifetime cigarette smoking status for adults 18 years of age and

over, by selected characteristics: United States, average annual, 2005–2007—Con.

Lifetime cigarette smoking status1

Never Former Current

Selected characteristic Total smoker smoker smoker

Men—Con. Percent distribution (standard error)

Race:

White, single race .......................... 100.0 50.6 (0.41) 26.3 (0.32) 23.0 (0.35)

Black or African American, single race ............. 100.0 56.3 (0.88) 18.4 (0.63) 25.3 (0.82)

American Indian or Alaska Native, single race ........ 100.0 45.1 (5.50) 24.6 (3.64) 30.3 (4.73)

Asian, single race .......................... 100.0 64.5 (1.42) 18.2 (1.11) 17.3 (1.11)

Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander, single race.... 100.0 63.7 (7.92) *10.3 (4.82) 26.1 (6.69)

Two or more races ......................... 100.0 46.4 (2.88) 29.8 (2.25) 23.8 (2.49)

Black or African American, white ............... 100.0 51.3 (8.09) 31.8 (6.73) 16.9 (4.89)

American Indian or Alaska Native, white........... 100.0 38.4 (4.10) 32.5 (2.91) 29.1 (3.83)

Hispanic or Latino origin and race:

Hispanic or Latino .......................... 100.0 59.4 (0.89) 21.9 (0.81) 18.6 (0.70)

Mexican or Mexican American ................. 100.0 59.3 (1.11) 21.6 (0.98) 19.1 (0.86)

Not Hispanic or Latino ....................... 100.0 50.5 (0.41) 25.5 (0.31) 23.9 (0.34)

White, single race ........................ 100.0 48.9 (0.46) 26.9 (0.36) 24.2 (0.40)

Black or African American, single race ............ 100.0 55.9 (0.90) 18.5 (0.64) 25.6 (0.85)

Education:

Less than high school graduate ................. 100.0 44.5 (0.89) 23.9 (0.62) 31.6 (0.81)

GED diploma4 ............................ 100.0 25.2 (1.67) 26.5 (1.59) 48.3 (1.92)

High school graduate ........................ 100.0 46.3 (0.65) 25.9 (0.54) 27.8 (0.60)

Some college—no degree ..................... 100.0 50.1 (0.80) 26.3 (0.65) 23.7 (0.67)

Associate of arts degree ...................... 100.0 50.8 (1.10) 26.1 (0.93) 23.1 (0.93)

Bachelor of arts, science degree ................. 100.0 62.3 (0.76) 25.9 (0.67) 11.8 (0.57)

Masters, doctorate, medical degree ............... 100.0 70.5 (0.97) 22.9 (0.90) 6.6 (0.51)

Poverty status:5

Below poverty level ......................... 100.0 48.3 (1.14) 19.9 (0.80) 31.8 (1.02)

≥1 and <2 times poverty level .................. 100.0 46.9 (0.90) 24.3 (0.68) 28.8 (0.81)

≥2 and <4 times poverty level .................. 100.0 49.4 (0.60) 25.7 (0.50) 24.9 (0.56)

4 times poverty level or more ................... 100.0 56.5 (0.56) 26.3 (0.46) 17.2 (0.44)

Marital status:

Never married ............................ 100.0 57.3 (0.89) 17.2 (0.70) 25.5 (0.75)

Married ................................ 100.0 53.8 (0.45) 27.9 (0.39) 18.3 (0.35)

Cohabiting .............................. 100.0 37.7 (1.41) 26.3 (1.39) 35.9 (1.31)

Divorced or separated ....................... 100.0 40.7 (0.95) 24.0 (0.71) 35.3 (0.86)

Widowed ............................... 100.0 38.3 (6.21) 26.8 (4.02) 34.8 (6.11)

Geographic region:

Northeast ............................... 100.0 53.1 (0.92) 26.2 (0.68) 20.7 (0.76)

Midwest ................................ 100.0 48.5 (0.76) 25.8 (0.59) 25.7 (0.66)

South ................................. 100.0 51.6 (0.59) 24.3 (0.51) 24.2 (0.50)

West .................................. 100.0 54.9 (0.78) 25.1 (0.54) 20.0 (0.63)

Women

Ages 18 years and over (age-adjusted)2 ............. 100.0 64.4 (0.33) 17.6 (0.23) 18.0 (0.24)

Ages 18 years and over (crude)2 ................. 100.0 64.0 (0.33) 18.2 (0.25) 17.8 (0.24)

Age:3

18–24 years ............................. 100.0 73.1 (0.89) 7.2 (0.50) 19.7 (0.80)

25–44 years ............................. 100.0 66.2 (0.48) 13.1 (0.34) 20.7 (0.41)

45–64 years ............................. 100.0 58.4 (0.56) 22.4 (0.46) 19.2 (0.40)

65–74 years ............................. 100.0 58.6 (0.92) 30.1 (0.87) 11.3 (0.57)

75 years and over.......................... 100.0 69.0 (0.85) 26.2 (0.83) 4.8 (0.37)

Race:

White, single race .......................... 100.0 62.0 (0.37) 19.2 (0.27) 18.8 (0.28)

Black or African American, single race ............. 100.0 71.7 (0.66) 11.4 (0.44) 16.9 (0.54)

American Indian or Alaska Native, single race ........ 100.0 58.1 (3.91) 17.6 (3.20) 24.3 (2.82)

Asian, single race .......................... 100.0 89.5 (0.77) 5.6 (0.58) 4.8 (0.54)

Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander, single race.... 100.0 78.8 (6.29) *16.3 (6.08) †

Two or more races ......................... 100.0 54.1 (2.81) 20.4 (1.94) 25.6 (2.25)

Black or African American, white ............... 100.0 72.5 (4.92) *10.9 (3.56) 16.6 (3.54)

American Indian or Alaska Native, white........... 100.0 47.3 (4.11) 22.4 (3.05) 30.3 (3.57)

See footnotes at end of table.
Series 10, No. 245 [ Page 25

Table 4.1. Age-adjusted percent distributions (with standard errors) of lifetime cigarette smoking status for adults 18 years of age and

over, by selected characteristics: United States, average annual, 2005–2007—Con.

Lifetime cigarette smoking status1

Never Former Current

Selected characteristic Total smoker smoker smoker

Women—Con. Percent distribution (standard error)

Hispanic or Latino origin and race:

Hispanic or Latino .......................... 100.0 80.4 (0.58) 10.0 (0.43) 9.6 (0.42)

Mexican or Mexican American ................. 100.0 82.2 (0.72) 9.2 (0.56) 8.6 (0.52)

Not Hispanic or Latino ....................... 100.0 62.1 (0.37) 18.6 (0.26) 19.3 (0.28)

White, single race ........................ 100.0 58.7 (0.42) 20.6 (0.31) 20.7 (0.33)

Black or African American, single race ............ 100.0 71.7 (0.66) 11.3 (0.45) 17.0 (0.55)

Education:

Less than high school graduate ................. 100.0 62.6 (0.76) 12.8 (0.49) 24.5 (0.70)

GED diploma4 ............................ 100.0 41.2 (1.81) 20.5 (1.34) 38.2 (1.77)

High school graduate ........................ 100.0 61.2 (0.65) 16.9 (0.44) 21.9 (0.54)

Some college—no degree ..................... 100.0 60.3 (0.69) 20.4 (0.56) 19.3 (0.53)

Associate of arts degree ...................... 100.0 61.9 (0.91) 20.7 (0.79) 17.4 (0.68)

Bachelor of arts, science degree ................. 100.0 73.3 (0.66) 17.8 (0.57) 8.9 (0.39)

Masters, doctorate, medical degree ............... 100.0 73.7 (0.90) 20.2 (0.84) 6.1 (0.43)

Poverty status:5

Below poverty level ......................... 100.0 61.3 (0.80) 12.9 (0.48) 25.8 (0.74)

≥1 and <2 times poverty level .................. 100.0 62.8 (0.66) 15.3 (0.52) 21.9 (0.58)

≥2 and <4 times poverty level .................. 100.0 63.3 (0.58) 17.9 (0.43) 18.8 (0.46)

4 times poverty level or more ................... 100.0 66.6 (0.51) 20.6 (0.44) 12.8 (0.36)

Marital status:

Never married ............................ 100.0 68.4 (0.80) 12.9 (0.65) 18.6 (0.63)

Married ................................ 100.0 67.0 (0.40) 18.8 (0.33) 14.2 (0.29)

Cohabiting .............................. 100.0 45.2 (1.74) 21.5 (1.52) 33.3 (1.38)

Divorced or separated ....................... 100.0 53.2 (0.76) 19.4 (0.58) 27.3 (0.71)

Widowed ............................... 100.0 54.3 (2.82) 19.3 (2.02) 26.4 (2.78)

Geographic region:

Northeast ............................... 100.0 61.7 (0.71) 20.8 (0.56) 17.5 (0.55)

Midwest ................................ 100.0 60.2 (0.76) 18.5 (0.52) 21.2 (0.56)

South ................................. 100.0 65.6 (0.51) 15.8 (0.37) 18.6 (0.40)

West .................................. 100.0 69.4 (0.67) 17.1 (0.48) 13.5 (0.44)

* Estimates preceded by an asterisk have a relative standard error of greater than 30% and less than or equal to 50%. These should be interpreted with caution as they do not meet the standard of

reliability or precision.

† Estimates with a relative standard error greater than 50% are indicated with a dagger, but are not shown.

1

Lifetime cigarette smoking status: Never smoker—never smoked at all or smoked less than 100 cigarettes in lifetime; former smoker—smoked at least 100 cigarettes in lifetime but not currently
 

smoking; current smoker—smoked at least 100 cigarettes in lifetime and currently smoked.
 

2

Persons of other races and unknown race and ethnicity, unknown education, unknown poverty status, and unknown marital status are included in the total.
 

3

Estimates for age groups are not age adjusted.
 

4

GED is General Educational Development high school equivalency diploma.
 

5

Poverty status is based on family income and family size using the U.S. Census Bureau poverty thresholds for 2004, 2005, and 2006.
 

NOTES: Unless otherwise specified, estimates are age adjusted using the projected 2000 U.S. population as the standard population and using three age groups: 18–44 years, 45–64 years, and 65

years and over. For crude percent distributions, refer to Appendix Table VII. Denominator for each percent distribution excludes persons with unknown smoking status. See Appendix II for definitions of

terms. See Appendix III for health behavior questions.

DATA SOURCE: National Health Interview Survey, 2005–2007. Estimates are based on household interviews of a sample of the civilian noninstitutionalized population.
Page 26 [ Series 10, No. 245

Table 4.2. Age-adjusted percent distributions (with standard errors) of current cigarette smoking status for adults 18 years of age and over,

and age-adjusted mean number (with standard errors) of cigarettes on days smoked among current smokers 18 years of age and over, by

selected characteristics: United States, average annual, 2005–2007

Current cigarette smoking status1 Number of cigarettes on days smoked2

Non- Nondaily Daily All current Nondaily Daily

Selected characteristic Total smoker smoker smoker smokers smokers smokers

Both sexes Percent distribution (standard error) Mean (standard error)

Ages 18 years and over (age-adjusted)3 ............. 100.0 79.6 (0.21) 4.2 (0.09) 16.2 (0.20) 14.3 (0.13) 4.5 (0.11) 16.6 (0.14)

Ages 18 years and over (crude)3 .................. 100.0 79.5 (0.21) 4.2 (0.09) 16.3 (0.20) 14.2 (0.12) 4.4 (0.09) 16.6 (0.12)

Age:4

18–24 years ............................. 100.0 76.5 (0.67) 6.9 (0.37) 16.6 (0.60) 10.4 (0.32) 3.6 (0.19) 13.2 (0.36)

25–44 years ............................. 100.0 76.6 (0.32) 5.1 (0.15) 18.4 (0.30) 13.6 (0.15) 4.4 (0.13) 16.0 (0.16)

45–64 years ............................. 100.0 78.4 (0.34) 3.5 (0.13) 18.1 (0.32) 16.2 (0.18) 5.1 (0.19) 18.2 (0.18)

65–74 years ............................. 100.0 87.6 (0.44) 2.1 (0.19) 10.4 (0.41) 16.4 (0.52) 4.7 (0.47) 18.7 (0.55)

75 years and over.......................... 100.0 94.9 (0.31) 0.9 (0.13) 4.2 (0.28) 13.6 (0.63) 4.6 (0.92) 15.3 (0.68)

Race:

White, single race .......................... 100.0 79.1 (0.24) 4.2 (0.10) 16.7 (0.23) 15.1 (0.14) 4.6 (0.13) 17.4 (0.15)

Black or African American, single race ............. 100.0 79.3 (0.49) 5.1 (0.26) 15.5 (0.43) 10.3 (0.21) 4.5 (0.24) 12.2 (0.24)

American Indian or Alaska Native, single race ........ 100.0 72.8 (3.07) 8.6 (1.72) 18.7 (2.44) 10.8 (1.11) 2.8 (0.34) 14.4 (1.15)

Asian, single race .......................... 100.0 89.1 (0.63) 2.9 (0.30) 8.1 (0.54) 9.7 (0.42) 3.9 (0.36) 11.6 (0.51)

Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander, single race.... 100.0 83.5 (4.17) † 13.3 (3.65) 9.5 (1.65) 2.3 (0.00) 11.9 (1.56)

Two or more races ......................... 100.0 75.3 (1.78) 4.2 (0.75) 20.4 (1.64) 11.9 (0.61) 4.9 (0.41) 13.3 (0.65)

Black or African American, white ............... 100.0 83.0 (3.02) *3.0 (1.21) 14.0 (2.87) 9.1 (0.95) 5.5 (1.37) 9.8 (1.07)

American Indian or Alaska Native, white........... 100.0 70.3 (2.86) 5.0 (1.28) 24.7 (2.72) 13.5 (0.87) 4.0 (0.58) 15.4 (0.85)

Hispanic or Latino origin and race:

Hispanic or Latino .......................... 100.0 85.8 (0.43) 5.4 (0.25) 8.8 (0.35) 8.1 (0.22) 3.6 (0.21) 10.6 (0.28)

Mexican or Mexican American ................. 100.0 85.9 (0.52) 5.9 (0.31) 8.2 (0.44) 7.5 (0.30) 3.7 (0.26) 10.0 (0.39)

Not Hispanic or Latino ....................... 100.0 78.4 (0.23) 4.0 (0.10) 17.5 (0.22) 14.9 (0.14) 4.7 (0.12) 17.1 (0.14)

White, single race ........................ 100.0 77.6 (0.27) 3.9 (0.11) 18.5 (0.27) 15.8 (0.15) 4.8 (0.14) 17.9 (0.16)

Black or African American, single race ............ 100.0 79.2 (0.50) 5.2 (0.27) 15.7 (0.44) 10.3 (0.22) 4.4 (0.23) 12.2 (0.24)

Education:

Less than high school graduate ................. 100.0 71.8 (0.56) 4.8 (0.25) 23.3 (0.55) 15.2 (0.32) 4.6 (0.25) 17.2 (0.33)

GED diploma5 ............................ 100.0 56.6 (1.33) 4.0 (0.46) 39.4 (1.35) 19.1 (0.76) 5.0 (0.51) 20.3 (0.77)

High school graduate ........................ 100.0 75.1 (0.40) 4.4 (0.18) 20.4 (0.38) 14.8 (0.19) 4.8 (0.21) 16.8 (0.20)

Some college—no degree ..................... 100.0 78.7 (0.43) 4.8 (0.22) 16.5 (0.39) 13.8 (0.28) 4.4 (0.20) 16.2 (0.31)

Associate of arts degree ...................... 100.0 80.1 (0.57) 4.1 (0.27) 15.8 (0.52) 13.3 (0.31) 4.4 (0.26) 15.4 (0.34)

Bachelor of arts, science degree ................. 100.0 89.7 (0.34) 3.7 (0.20) 6.6 (0.29) 11.3 (0.34) 3.9 (0.22) 14.8 (0.38)

Masters, doctorate, medical degree ............... 100.0 93.7 (0.33) 2.3 (0.20) 4.1 (0.27) 11.2 (0.56) 3.7 (0.29) 15.2 (0.64)

Poverty status:6

Below poverty level ......................... 100.0 71.7 (0.66) 5.3 (0.24) 22.9 (0.63) 13.9 (0.34) 4.3 (0.27) 16.0 (0.37)

≥1 and <2 times poverty level .................. 100.0 74.9 (0.50) 4.6 (0.22) 20.6 (0.48) 15.0 (0.29) 4.4 (0.23) 17.2 (0.32)

≥2 and <4 times poverty level .................. 100.0 78.2 (0.37) 4.2 (0.18) 17.5 (0.36) 14.5 (0.20) 4.8 (0.22) 16.7 (0.21)

4 times poverty level or more ................... 100.0 84.9 (0.29) 3.7 (0.17) 11.4 (0.26) 13.8 (0.26) 4.5 (0.20) 16.5 (0.28)

Marital status:

Never married ............................ 100.0 77.7 (0.51) 5.7 (0.26) 16.6 (0.48) 13.1 (0.34) 4.9 (0.42) 15.7 (0.37)

Married ................................ 100.0 83.8 (0.23) 3.2 (0.11) 13.0 (0.22) 14.7 (0.20) 4.4 (0.16) 17.1 (0.21)

Cohabiting .............................. 100.0 65.4 (0.97) 6.0 (0.44) 28.6 (0.94) 14.4 (0.45) 4.1 (0.37) 16.5 (0.48)

Divorced or separated ....................... 100.0 69.4 (0.56) 5.3 (0.28) 25.2 (0.56) 15.4 (0.24) 4.9 (0.22) 17.5 (0.25)

Widowed ............................... 100.0 71.7 (2.55) 5.1 (1.52) 23.1 (2.38) 14.8 (0.84) 5.4 (1.00) 16.6 (0.81)

Geographic region:

Northeast ............................... 100.0 81.0 (0.49) 4.2 (0.25) 14.8 (0.45) 14.0 (0.32) 4.6 (0.26) 16.4 (0.33)

Midwest ................................ 100.0 76.6 (0.44) 4.7 (0.20) 18.7 (0.44) 14.7 (0.21) 5.0 (0.23) 17.0 (0.23)

South ................................. 100.0 78.7 (0.34) 3.8 (0.13) 17.5 (0.33) 15.2 (0.24) 4.5 (0.18) 17.3 (0.24)

West .................................. 100.0 83.2 (0.43) 4.4 (0.20) 12.4 (0.37) 12.0 (0.26) 3.9 (0.18) 14.6 (0.27)

Men

Ages 18 years and over (age-adjusted)3 ............. 100.0 77.0 (0.31) 5.0 (0.15) 18.1 (0.29) 15.3 (0.19) 4.6 (0.16) 18.0 (0.20)

Ages 18 years and over (crude)3 .................. 100.0 76.6 (0.32) 5.0 (0.15) 18.4 (0.29) 15.1 (0.18) 4.5 (0.13) 17.9 (0.18)

Age:4

18–24 years ............................. 100.0 72.7 (1.02) 8.4 (0.62) 18.9 (0.90) 10.9 (0.49) 3.8 (0.28) 14.1 (0.58)

25–44 years ............................. 100.0 73.7 (0.48) 6.1 (0.24) 20.2 (0.45) 14.2 (0.21) 4.4 (0.18) 17.1 (0.23)

45–64 years ............................. 100.0 75.9 (0.50) 3.7 (0.20) 20.4 (0.47) 17.8 (0.27) 5.2 (0.29) 19.8 (0.28)

65–74 years ............................. 100.0 86.2 (0.69) 2.3 (0.31) 11.5 (0.65) 18.4 (0.82) 4.5 (0.72) 21.1 (0.83)

75 years and over.......................... 100.0 94.4 (0.53) 1.1 (0.25) 4.5 (0.47) 13.8 (1.09) *5.3 (1.65) 15.7 (1.17)
Series 10, No. 245 [ Page 27

Table 4.2. Age-adjusted percent distributions (with standard errors) of current cigarette smoking status for adults 18 years of age and over,

and age-adjusted mean number (with standard errors) of cigarettes on days smoked among current smokers 18 years of age and over, by

selected characteristics: United States, average annual, 2005–2007—Con.

Current cigarette smoking status1 Number of cigarettes on days smoked2

Non- Nondaily Daily All current Nondaily Daily

Selected characteristic Total smoker smoker smoker smokers smokers smokers

Men—Con. Percent distribution (standard error) Mean (standard error)

Race:

White, single race .......................... 100.0 77.0 (0.35) 4.7 (0.16) 18.3 (0.33) 16.3 (0.21) 4.7 (0.20) 18.9 (0.22)

Black or African American, single race ............. 100.0 74.7 (0.82) 6.8 (0.50) 18.5 (0.73) 10.9 (0.35) 4.3 (0.33) 13.2 (0.38)

American Indian or Alaska Native, single race ........ 100.0 69.7 (4.73) *6.7 (2.02) 23.7 (4.06) 13.0 (1.50) 3.1 (0.63) 16.6 (1.32)

Asian, single race .......................... 100.0 82.7 (1.11) 4.6 (0.55) 12.7 (1.01) 9.6 (0.46) 3.9 (0.44) 11.4 (0.57)

Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander, single race.... 100.0 73.9 (6.69) † 19.6 (5.26) 9.8 (2.33) 2.3 (0.00) 14.0 (1.21)

Two or more races ......................... 100.0 76.2 (2.49) 4.9 (1.19) 18.9 (2.28) 13.2 (0.99) 4.9 (0.39) 15.3 (1.17)

Black or African American, white ............... 100.0 83.1 (4.89) † *13.3 (4.44) 10.6 (1.83) 3.9 (0.87) 12.3 (2.22)

American Indian or Alaska Native, white........... 100.0 70.9 (3.83) *4.8 (1.62) 24.2 (3.64) 15.6 (1.33) 4.5 (0.81) 17.6 (1.30)

Hispanic or Latino origin and race:

Hispanic or Latino .......................... 100.0 81.4 (0.70) 7.4 (0.41) 11.3 (0.57) 8.5 (0.29) 3.9 (0.33) 11.2 (0.36)

Mexican or Mexican American ................. 100.0 80.9 (0.86) 8.2 (0.52) 10.8 (0.71) 7.8 (0.37) 4.1 (0.40) 10.3 (0.50)

Not Hispanic or Latino ....................... 100.0 76.1 (0.34) 4.6 (0.16) 19.4 (0.32) 16.2 (0.20) 4.8 (0.18) 18.6 (0.21)

White, single race ........................ 100.0 75.8 (0.40) 4.2 (0.18) 19.9 (0.38) 17.4 (0.23) 5.1 (0.23) 19.7 (0.23)

Black or African American, single race ............ 100.0 74.4 (0.85) 6.9 (0.51) 18.7 (0.75) 10.9 (0.35) 4.3 (0.32) 13.2 (0.38)

Education:

Less than high school graduate ................. 100.0 68.4 (0.81) 6.3 (0.40) 25.3 (0.81) 16.0 (0.47) 4.8 (0.36) 18.6 (0.49)

GED diploma5 ............................ 100.0 51.7 (1.92) 4.2 (0.71) 44.1 (1.95) 20.1 (1.05) 6.0 (0.78) 21.2 (1.07)

High school graduate ........................ 100.0 72.2 (0.60) 5.2 (0.29) 22.6 (0.56) 15.9 (0.31) 4.9 (0.33) 18.1 (0.32)

Some college—no degree ..................... 100.0 76.3 (0.67) 5.7 (0.37) 18.0 (0.58) 14.6 (0.36) 4.6 (0.31) 17.4 (0.38)

Associate of arts degree ...................... 100.0 76.9 (0.93) 4.5 (0.41) 18.7 (0.86) 15.3 (0.52) 4.2 (0.30) 17.5 (0.53)

Bachelor of arts, science degree ................. 100.0 88.2 (0.57) 4.1 (0.31) 7.6 (0.51) 12.3 (0.54) 3.6 (0.23) 16.3 (0.61)

Masters, doctorate, medical degree ............... 100.0 93.4 (0.51) 2.3 (0.30) 4.3 (0.41) 11.2 (0.73) 2.9 (0.25) 15.3 (0.81)

Poverty status:6

Below poverty level ......................... 100.0 68.2 (1.02) 6.7 (0.44) 25.1 (0.97) 15.2 (0.60) 4.6 (0.50) 17.8 (0.66)

≥1 and <2 times poverty level .................. 100.0 71.2 (0.81) 5.6 (0.35) 23.2 (0.79) 16.1 (0.46) 4.7 (0.48) 18.5 (0.50)

≥2 and <4 times poverty level .................. 100.0 75.1 (0.56) 5.0 (0.28) 19.9 (0.54) 15.3 (0.28) 5.0 (0.31) 17.8 (0.33)

4 times poverty level or more ................... 100.0 82.8 (0.44) 4.2 (0.27) 13.0 (0.40) 15.0 (0.34) 4.3 (0.25) 18.0 (0.36)

Marital status:

Never married ............................ 100.0 74.5 (0.75) 6.5 (0.40) 18.9 (0.69) 14.1 (0.52) 5.1 (0.61) 17.1 (0.59)

Married ................................ 100.0 81.7 (0.35) 3.8 (0.17) 14.5 (0.32) 15.5 (0.26) 4.3 (0.21) 18.1 (0.27)

Cohabiting .............................. 100.0 64.1 (1.31) 6.5 (0.59) 29.4 (1.26) 15.8 (0.63) 4.2 (0.37) 18.1 (0.64)

Divorced or separated ....................... 100.0 64.7 (0.86) 6.5 (0.49) 28.8 (0.86) 17.5 (0.39) 5.3 (0.36) 20.1 (0.41)

Widowed ............................... 100.0 65.2 (6.11) *2.8 (1.16) 32.0 (6.09) 19.1 (1.87) 6.6 (1.51) 19.7 (1.87)

Geographic region:

Northeast ............................... 100.0 79.3 (0.76) 4.9 (0.43) 15.8 (0.62) 14.6 (0.38) 4.5 (0.37) 17.4 (0.40)

Midwest ................................ 100.0 74.3 (0.66) 5.2 (0.31) 20.4 (0.65) 15.9 (0.32) 5.1 (0.31) 18.5 (0.35)

South ................................. 100.0 75.8 (0.50) 4.6 (0.22) 19.5 (0.48) 16.4 (0.35) 4.8 (0.28) 18.9 (0.36)

West .................................. 100.0 80.0 (0.63) 5.2 (0.32) 14.8 (0.53) 12.9 (0.37) 3.8 (0.23) 15.7 (0.39)

Women

Ages 18 years and over (age-adjusted)3 ............. 100.0 82.0 (0.24) 3.5 (0.11) 14.4 (0.23) 13.1 (0.15) 4.4 (0.13) 15.1 (0.15)

Ages 18 years and over (crude)3 .................. 100.0 82.2 (0.24) 3.5 (0.10) 14.4 (0.23) 13.1 (0.13) 4.3 (0.12) 15.1 (0.14)

Age:4

18–24 years ............................. 100.0 80.3 (0.80) 5.3 (0.45) 14.4 (0.73) 9.7 (0.31) 3.4 (0.21) 12.0 (0.31)

25–44 years ............................. 100.0 79.3 (0.41) 4.1 (0.18) 16.6 (0.38) 12.8 (0.19) 4.2 (0.18) 14.8 (0.21)

45–64 years ............................. 100.0 80.8 (0.40) 3.2 (0.18) 16.0 (0.38) 14.5 (0.21) 4.9 (0.23) 16.3 (0.22)

65–74 years ............................. 100.0 88.7 (0.57) 1.8 (0.23) 9.5 (0.53) 14.4 (0.60) 5.0 (0.58) 16.1 (0.67)

75 years and over.......................... 100.0 95.2 (0.37) 0.8 (0.14) 4.0 (0.35) 13.5 (0.73) 3.8 (0.55) 15.0 (0.79)

Race:

White, single race .......................... 100.0 81.2 (0.28) 3.6 (0.12) 15.2 (0.27) 13.7 (0.16) 4.4 (0.15) 15.7 (0.17)

Black or African American, single race ............. 100.0 83.1 (0.54) 3.7 (0.26) 13.2 (0.48) 9.6 (0.23) 4.5 (0.30) 11.0 (0.27)

American Indian or Alaska Native, single race ........ 100.0 75.7 (2.82) 11.0 (2.35) 13.3 (2.04) 8.1 (1.03) 3.0 (0.46) 11.3 (1.30)

Asian, single race .......................... 100.0 95.2 (0.54) 1.2 (0.24) 3.6 (0.49) 10.8 (1.03) 3.4 (0.67) 12.4 (1.10)

Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander, single race.... 100.0 95.0 (2.70) – † 6.3 (1.52) – 6.3 (1.52)

Two or more races ......................... 100.0 74.4 (2.25) 3.7 (0.88) 21.9 (2.10) 10.7 (0.65) 4.3 (0.94) 11.7 (0.66)

Black or African American, white ............... 100.0 83.4 (3.54) *2.5 (1.25) 14.1 (3.41) 8.9 (1.44) *7.0 (2.54) 9.2 (1.49)

American Indian or Alaska Native, white........... 100.0 69.7 (3.57) *5.2 (1.96) 25.1 (3.27) 11.4 (1.05) 3.4 (0.74) 13.1 (1.08)

See footnotes at end of table.
Page 28 [ Series 10, No. 245

Table 4.2. Age-adjusted percent distributions (with standard errors) of current cigarette smoking status for adults 18 years of age and over,

and age-adjusted mean number (with standard errors) of cigarettes on days smoked among current smokers 18 years of age and over, by

selected characteristics: United States, average annual, 2005–2007—Con.

Current cigarette smoking status1 Number of cigarettes on days smoked2

Non- Nondaily Daily All current Nondaily Daily

Selected characteristic Total smoker smoker smoker smokers smokers smokers

Women—Con. Percent distribution (standard error) Mean (standard error)

Hispanic or Latino origin and race:

Hispanic or Latino .......................... 100.0 90.4 (0.42) 3.3 (0.28) 6.3 (0.33) 7.4 (0.35) 3.1 (0.22) 9.7 (0.45)

Mexican or Mexican American ................. 100.0 91.4 (0.52) 3.3 (0.35) 5.3 (0.42) 6.8 (0.49) 2.9 (0.25) 9.1 (0.67)

Not Hispanic or Latino ....................... 100.0 80.7 (0.28) 3.6 (0.12) 15.8 (0.26) 13.5 (0.15) 4.6 (0.14) 15.3 (0.16)

White, single race ........................ 100.0 79.3 (0.33) 3.7 (0.14) 17.0 (0.32) 14.2 (0.17) 4.6 (0.16) 16.1 (0.17)

Black or African American, single race ............ 100.0 83.0 (0.55) 3.8 (0.26) 13.2 (0.49) 9.6 (0.23) 4.5 (0.31) 11.0 (0.27)

Education:

Less than high school graduate ................. 100.0 75.5 (0.70) 3.3 (0.27) 21.2 (0.69) 14.1 (0.30) 4.6 (0.39) 15.5 (0.31)

GED diploma5 ............................ 100.0 61.8 (1.77) 3.9 (0.58) 34.4 (1.76) 17.7 (0.73) 3.9 (0.44) 19.0 (0.73)

High school graduate ........................ 100.0 78.1 (0.54) 3.6 (0.23) 18.3 (0.51) 13.7 (0.23) 4.5 (0.24) 15.4 (0.23)

Some college—no degree ..................... 100.0 80.7 (0.53) 4.1 (0.27) 15.2 (0.49) 12.9 (0.43) 4.2 (0.25) 14.9 (0.47)

Associate of arts degree ...................... 100.0 82.6 (0.68) 3.9 (0.36) 13.5 (0.61) 11.3 (0.36) 4.5 (0.33) 13.2 (0.40)

Bachelor of arts, science degree ................. 100.0 91.1 (0.39) 3.2 (0.23) 5.7 (0.32) 10.2 (0.37) 4.2 (0.52) 13.1 (0.41)

Masters, doctorate, medical degree ............... 100.0 93.9 (0.43) 2.3 (0.28) 3.8 (0.34) 11.1 (0.82) 4.4 (0.47) 15.1 (1.02)

Poverty status:6

Below poverty level ......................... 100.0 74.2 (0.74) 4.3 (0.28) 21.5 (0.70) 12.8 (0.30) 4.0 (0.27) 14.5 (0.34)

≥1 and <2 times poverty level .................. 100.0 78.1 (0.58) 3.6 (0.26) 18.3 (0.55) 14.0 (0.34) 4.2 (0.28) 15.8 (0.37)

≥2 and <4 times poverty level .................. 100.0 81.2 (0.46) 3.5 (0.20) 15.3 (0.44) 13.5 (0.26) 4.6 (0.26) 15.4 (0.26)

4 times poverty level or more ................... 100.0 87.2 (0.36) 3.2 (0.20) 9.6 (0.33) 12.1 (0.38) 4.7 (0.30) 14.3 (0.41)

Marital status:

Never married ............................ 100.0 81.4 (0.63) 4.7 (0.32) 13.9 (0.58) 11.6 (0.34) 4.6 (0.55) 13.8 (0.34)

Married ................................ 100.0 85.8 (0.29) 2.7 (0.13) 11.6 (0.27) 13.8 (0.28) 4.5 (0.24) 15.7 (0.30)

Cohabiting .............................. 100.0 66.7 (1.38) 5.7 (0.71) 27.6 (1.28) 12.6 (0.47) 3.8 (0.48) 14.4 (0.56)

Divorced or separated ....................... 100.0 72.7 (0.71) 4.5 (0.31) 22.8 (0.70) 13.5 (0.27) 4.5 (0.26) 15.2 (0.27)

Widowed ............................... 100.0 73.6 (2.78) *5.9 (1.93) 20.5 (2.49) 13.3 (0.78) 5.3 (1.01) 15.2 (0.70)

Geographic region:

Northeast ............................... 100.0 82.5 (0.55) 3.5 (0.25) 14.0 (0.53) 13.4 (0.42) 4.8 (0.31) 15.3 (0.44)

Midwest ................................ 100.0 78.8 (0.56) 4.2 (0.24) 17.0 (0.55) 13.4 (0.25) 4.9 (0.31) 15.3 (0.26)

South ................................. 100.0 81.4 (0.40) 3.1 (0.16) 15.5 (0.37) 13.7 (0.24) 4.2 (0.19) 15.5 (0.24)

West .................................. 100.0 86.5 (0.44) 3.5 (0.24) 10.0 (0.42) 10.9 (0.29) 3.9 (0.23) 13.1 (0.30)

† Estimates with a relative standard error greater than 50% are indicated with a dagger, but are not shown.
 

* Estimates preceded by an asterisk have a relative standard error of greater than 30% and less than or equal to 50%. These should be interpreted with caution as they do not meet the standard of
 

reliability or precision.
 

– Quantity zero.
 

1

Current cigarette smoking status: Nonsmoker—never smokers and former smokers; daily smoker—currently smoked cigarettes every day; Nondaily smoker—currently smoked cigarettes on some
 

days, regardless of the number of days.
 

2

Estimates reflect usual cigarette consumption on days smoked and do not reflect average consumption over a period of time such as a week or a month.
 

3

Persons of other races and unknown race and ethnicity, unknown education, unknown poverty status, and unknown marital status are included in the total.
 

4

Estimates for age groups are not age adjusted.
 

5

GED is General Educational Development high school equivalency diploma.
 

6

Poverty status is based on family income and family size using the U.S. Census Bureau poverty thresholds for 2004, 2005, and 2006.
 

NOTES: Unless otherwise specified, estimates are age adjusted using the projected 2000 U.S. population as the standard population and using three age groups: 18–44 years, 45–64 years, and 65

years and over. For crude percent distributions, refer to Appendix Table VIII. Denominator for each percent distribution excludes persons with unknown current smoking status. Denominators for mean

number of cigarettes on days smoked exclude smokers (daily and nondaily) with unknown number of cigarettes on days smoked and nondaily smokers who did not smoke in the past 30 days. See

Appendix II for definitions of terms. See Appendix III for health behavior questions.

DATA SOURCE: National Health Interview Survey, 2005–2007. Estimates are based on household interviews of a sample of the civilian noninstitutionalized population.
Series 10, No. 245 [ Page 29

Table 4.3. Age-adjusted percent distributions (with standard errors) of usual number of cigarettes on days smoked among all current

cigarette smokers 18 years of age and over, by selected characteristics: United States, average annual, 2005–2007

Usual number of cigarettes on days smoked among all current smokers1

Less

Selected characteristic Total than 15 15–24 25–34 35 or more

Both sexes Percent distribution (standard error)

Ages 18 years and over (age-adjusted)2 ............. 100.0 52.9 (0.58) 35.3 (0.51) 6.8 (0.28) 5.1 (0.27)

Ages 18 years and over (crude)2 .................. 100.0 53.1 (0.56) 35.3 (0.49) 6.7 (0.27) 4.8 (0.24)

Age:3

18–24 years ............................. 100.0 71.2 (1.46) 23.8 (1.33) 3.5 (0.59) *1.4 (0.69)

25–44 years ............................. 100.0 54.4 (0.77) 35.8 (0.74) 6.6 (0.43) 3.2 (0.27)

45–64 years ............................. 100.0 44.8 (0.80) 39.6 (0.75) 8.1 (0.44) 7.5 (0.42)

65–74 years ............................. 100.0 46.2 (1.97) 36.1 (1.85) 8.5 (1.08) 9.2 (1.25)

75 years and over.......................... 100.0 56.5 (3.13) 34.6 (2.98) 3.8 (1.06) *5.1 (1.65)

Race:

White, single race .......................... 100.0 49.0 (0.64) 37.6 (0.57) 7.6 (0.32) 5.8 (0.31)

Black or African American, single race ............. 100.0 73.6 (1.13) 22.4 (0.98) 2.3 (0.46) 1.7 (0.33)

American Indian or Alaska Native, single race ........ 100.0 67.4 (4.83) 22.6 (4.23) *6.7 (3.24) *3.3 (1.37)

Asian, single race .......................... 100.0 74.7 (2.32) 23.2 (2.30) *1.2 (0.59) †

Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander, single race.... 100.0 68.9 (11.70) *31.1 (11.70) – –

Two or more races ......................... 100.0 64.0 (3.84) 31.5 (3.82) *2.8 (1.05) *1.7 (0.74)

Black or African American, white ............... 100.0 76.6 (6.45) 23.4 (6.45) – –

American Indian or Alaska Native, white........... 100.0 55.7 (5.43) 37.7 (5.40) *4.0 (1.66) *2.6 (1.26)

Hispanic or Latino origin and race:

Hispanic or Latino .......................... 100.0 81.2 (1.09) 15.6 (1.05) 1.9 (0.38) 1.3 (0.39)

Mexican or Mexican American ................. 100.0 83.3 (1.38) 14.0 (1.36) 1.3 (0.37) *1.4 (0.59)

Not Hispanic or Latino ....................... 100.0 50.2 (0.61) 37.2 (0.54) 7.2 (0.29) 5.4 (0.29)

White, single race ........................ 100.0 45.5 (0.68) 40.1 (0.61) 8.3 (0.34) 6.2 (0.34)

Black or African American, single race ............ 100.0 73.5 (1.15) 22.6 (1.00) 2.3 (0.48) 1.7 (0.33)

Education:

Less than high school graduate ................. 100.0 51.1 (1.21) 34.4 (1.07) 7.6 (0.66) 6.9 (0.76)

GED diploma4 ............................ 100.0 35.4 (2.31) 40.5 (2.47) 13.2 (1.75) 11.0 (1.88)

High school graduate ........................ 100.0 49.4 (0.95) 38.4 (0.89) 7.3 (0.51) 4.9 (0.45)

Some college—no degree ..................... 100.0 55.4 (1.21) 34.7 (1.17) 6.0 (0.59) 4.0 (0.52)

Associate of arts degree ...................... 100.0 56.0 (1.67) 35.6 (1.65) 4.2 (0.62) 4.1 (0.72)

Bachelor of arts, science degree ................. 100.0 64.4 (1.68) 28.8 (1.60) 4.6 (0.82) 2.2 (0.59)

Masters, doctorate, medical degree ............... 100.0 67.1 (2.72) 24.6 (2.53) 5.1 (1.37) 3.3 (0.96)

Poverty status:5

Below poverty level ......................... 100.0 56.7 (1.37) 31.8 (1.12) 5.9 (0.61) 5.6 (0.84)

≥1 and <2 times poverty level .................. 100.0 50.9 (1.13) 36.0 (1.03) 6.6 (0.57) 6.5 (0.69)

≥2 and <4 times poverty level .................. 100.0 50.5 (1.04) 37.7 (0.96) 7.4 (0.50) 4.4 (0.37)

4 times poverty level or more ................... 100.0 54.5 (1.19) 34.1 (1.10) 6.7 (0.59) 4.6 (0.51)

Marital status:

Never married ............................ 100.0 60.0 (1.53) 30.2 (1.47) 5.0 (0.63) 4.8 (0.83)

Married ................................ 100.0 50.6 (0.89) 36.4 (0.80) 7.5 (0.46) 5.4 (0.44)

Cohabiting .............................. 100.0 51.8 (2.47) 35.7 (2.36) 8.7 (1.43) 3.8 (0.56)

Divorced or separated ....................... 100.0 48.0 (1.13) 38.4 (1.13) 7.1 (0.61) 6.4 (0.55)

Widowed ............................... 100.0 47.3 (4.66) 41.4 (4.72) *6.6 (2.07) *4.7 (1.63)

Geographic region:

Northeast ............................... 100.0 53.8 (1.39) 35.4 (1.25) 6.4 (0.61) 4.4 (0.54)

Midwest ................................ 100.0 51.5 (1.10) 35.6 (0.98) 8.1 (0.57) 4.8 (0.40)

South ................................. 100.0 49.8 (0.96) 36.4 (0.80) 7.1 (0.45) 6.6 (0.55)

West .................................. 100.0 60.9 (1.33) 32.1 (1.21) 4.3 (0.55) 2.8 (0.44)

Men

Ages 18 years and over (age-adjusted)2 ............. 100.0 48.6 (0.80) 36.1 (0.71) 8.3 (0.41) 7.0 (0.45)

Ages 18 years and over (crude)2 .................. 100.0 49.2 (0.76) 36.1 (0.67) 8.3 (0.41) 6.4 (0.38)

Age:3

18–24 years ............................. 100.0 68.6 (2.05) 24.2 (1.78) 4.8 (0.93) †

25–44 years ............................. 100.0 50.6 (1.08) 37.5 (1.05) 7.9 (0.64) 4.0 (0.40)

45–64 years ............................. 100.0 40.0 (1.13) 39.6 (1.10) 10.3 (0.69) 10.1 (0.67)

65–74 years ............................. 100.0 38.6 (2.80) 37.4 (2.61) 10.0 (1.57) 14.0 (2.14)

75 years and over.......................... 100.0 56.2 (4.86) 33.1 (4.65) *4.7 (1.88) *6.0 (3.00)

See footnotes at end of table.
Page 30 [ Series 10, No. 245

Table 4.3. Age-adjusted percent distributions (with standard errors) of usual number of cigarettes on days smoked among all current

cigarette smokers 18 years of age and over, by selected characteristics: United States, average annual, 2005–2007—Con.

Usual number of cigarettes on days smoked among all current smokers1

Less

Selected characteristic Total than 15 15–24 25–34 35 or more

Men—Con. Percent distribution (standard error)

Race:

White, single race .......................... 100.0 44.2 (0.88) 38.4 (0.80) 9.4 (0.48) 8.0 (0.53)

Black or African American, single race ............. 100.0 69.8 (1.79) 25.1 (1.52) 2.9 (0.77) 2.2 (0.51)

American Indian or Alaska Native, single race ........ 100.0 56.4 (6.99) 29.8 (6.14) † *4.2 (1.94)

Asian, single race .......................... 100.0 76.5 (2.35) 20.8 (2.26) *1.6 (0.75) †

Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander, single race.... 100.0 65.0 (14.03) *35.0 (14.03) – –

Two or more races ......................... 100.0 58.3 (6.13) 33.2 (6.10) *5.9 (2.16) †

Black or African American, white ............... 100.0 69.6 (13.17) *30.4 (13.17) – –

American Indian or Alaska Native, white........... 100.0 47.0 (8.50) 41.4 (8.44) *7.6 (3.05) †

Hispanic or Latino origin and race:

Hispanic or Latino .......................... 100.0 79.2 (1.46) 16.9 (1.38) 2.4 (0.58) *1.5 (0.48)

Mexican or Mexican American ................. 100.0 82.1 (1.66) 15.1 (1.63) *1.3 (0.43) †

Not Hispanic or Latino ....................... 100.0 44.9 (0.85) 38.5 (0.77) 9.0 (0.45) 7.5 (0.49)

White, single race ........................ 100.0 39.3 (0.94) 41.5 (0.88) 10.4 (0.54) 8.8 (0.59)

Black or African American, single race ............ 100.0 69.5 (1.83) 25.5 (1.55) 2.9 (0.79) 2.2 (0.51)

Education:

Less than high school graduate ................. 100.0 47.5 (1.65) 34.7 (1.50) 8.6 (0.95) 9.3 (1.20)

GED diploma4 ............................ 100.0 33.4 (3.09) 39.0 (3.29) 14.2 (2.17) 13.3 (2.57)

High school graduate ........................ 100.0 45.6 (1.31) 38.7 (1.26) 9.0 (0.81) 6.7 (0.80)

Some college—no degree ..................... 100.0 51.1 (1.73) 35.5 (1.66) 8.1 (0.89) 5.3 (0.84)

Associate of arts degree ...................... 100.0 46.5 (2.52) 40.3 (2.46) 6.3 (1.08) 7.0 (1.39)

Bachelor of arts, science degree ................. 100.0 62.0 (2.34) 28.1 (2.15) 6.3 (1.32) 3.6 (1.05)

Masters, doctorate, medical degree ............... 100.0 64.4 (3.85) 28.4 (3.82) *3.9 (1.46) *3.4 (1.24)

Poverty status:5

Below poverty level ......................... 100.0 51.7 (2.04) 32.6 (1.77) 7.2 (1.00) 8.5 (1.62)

≥1 and <2 times poverty level .................. 100.0 48.0 (1.63) 35.0 (1.45) 7.6 (0.90) 9.3 (1.20)

≥2 and <4 times poverty level .................. 100.0 47.0 (1.33) 38.2 (1.27) 9.4 (0.81) 5.3 (0.57)

4 times poverty level or more ................... 100.0 49.1 (1.52) 36.3 (1.45) 8.1 (0.81) 6.5 (0.78)

Marital status:

Never married ............................ 100.0 56.7 (2.02) 30.6 (1.80) 5.5 (0.85) 7.2 (1.45)

Married ................................ 100.0 47.5 (1.16) 36.9 (1.07) 9.0 (0.64) 6.6 (0.62)

Cohabiting .............................. 100.0 44.5 (3.28) 38.2 (3.31) 12.6 (2.27) 4.8 (0.87)

Divorced or separated ....................... 100.0 40.1 (1.59) 39.6 (1.66) 10.0 (1.08) 10.2 (0.99)

Widowed ............................... 100.0 34.9 (9.18) 39.8 (10.45) † †

Geographic region:

Northeast ............................... 100.0 51.6 (1.98) 34.8 (1.89) 7.7 (1.03) 5.9 (0.81)

Midwest ................................ 100.0 46.6 (1.52) 36.5 (1.37) 10.2 (0.87) 6.6 (0.69)

South ................................. 100.0 45.0 (1.29) 37.3 (1.12) 8.5 (0.69) 9.2 (0.91)

West .................................. 100.0 56.6 (1.81) 33.9 (1.67) 5.7 (0.75) 3.9 (0.69)

Women

Ages 18 years and over (age-adjusted)2 ............. 100.0 57.8 (0.75) 34.3 (0.68) 4.9 (0.33) 3.0 (0.24)

Ages 18 years and over (crude)2 .................. 100.0 57.8 (0.74) 34.4 (0.68) 4.9 (0.32) 2.9 (0.22)

Age:3

18–24 years ............................. 100.0 74.7 (1.99) 23.3 (1.99) *1.8 (0.60) †

25–44 years ............................. 100.0 59.1 (1.12) 33.6 (1.05) 5.0 (0.53) 2.3 (0.33)

45–64 years ............................. 100.0 50.4 (1.17) 39.5 (1.14) 5.6 (0.51) 4.5 (0.44)

65–74 years ............................. 100.0 54.1 (2.57) 34.8 (2.46) 7.0 (1.37) 4.1 (1.12)

75 years and over.......................... 100.0 56.8 (3.95) 35.7 (3.80) *3.0 (1.18) *4.4 (1.81)

Race:

White, single race .......................... 100.0 54.4 (0.85) 36.7 (0.78) 5.6 (0.38) 3.4 (0.28)

Black or African American, single race ............. 100.0 78.3 (1.34) 19.1 (1.28) 1.5 (0.39) *1.1 (0.39)

American Indian or Alaska Native, single race ........ 100.0 81.6 (5.13) *15.0 (4.80) † †

Asian, single race .......................... 100.0 64.7 (6.83) 35.3 (6.83) – –

Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander, single race.... 100.0 85.3 (12.32) † – –

Two or more races ......................... 100.0 69.3 (4.36) 29.6 (4.25) – †

Black or African American, white ............... 100.0 77.3 (10.06) *22.7 (10.06) – –

American Indian or Alaska Native, white........... 100.0 64.9 (6.16) 33.5 (5.80) – †

See footnotes at end of table.
Series 10, No. 245 [ Page 31

Table 4.3. Age-adjusted percent distributions (with standard errors) of usual number of cigarettes on days smoked among all current

cigarette smokers 18 years of age and over, by selected characteristics: United States, average annual, 2005–2007—Con.

Usual number of cigarettes on days smoked among all current smokers1

Less

Selected characteristic Total than 15 15–24 25–34 35 or more

Women—Con. Percent distribution (standard error)

Hispanic or Latino origin and race:

Hispanic or Latino .......................... 100.0 84.7 (1.76) 13.2 (1.68) *1.0 (0.35) †

Mexican or Mexican American ................. 100.0 86.9 (2.32) 10.8 (2.16) † †

Not Hispanic or Latino ....................... 100.0 56.0 (0.78) 35.7 (0.72) 5.2 (0.35) 3.1 (0.26)

White, single race ........................ 100.0 52.1 (0.89) 38.4 (0.83) 5.9 (0.41) 3.5 (0.29)

Black or African American, single race ............ 100.0 78.5 (1.34) 18.9 (1.27) 1.5 (0.40) *1.1 (0.40)

Education:

Less than high school graduate ................. 100.0 55.7 (1.55) 34.1 (1.43) 6.2 (0.81) 4.0 (0.58)

GED diploma4 ............................ 100.0 38.5 (3.42) 40.2 (3.31) 13.7 (3.25) 7.6 (2.15)

High school graduate ........................ 100.0 53.7 (1.31) 37.8 (1.26) 5.3 (0.63) 3.2 (0.47)

Some college—no degree ..................... 100.0 59.9 (1.62) 33.8 (1.56) 3.7 (0.63) 2.5 (0.59)

Associate of arts degree ...................... 100.0 65.9 (2.31) 30.7 (2.28) 2.1 (0.59) *1.3 (0.48)

Bachelor of arts, science degree ................. 100.0 67.4 (2.43) 29.5 (2.33) *2.5 (0.84) *0.6 (0.27)

Masters, doctorate, medical degree ............... 100.0 70.7 (3.55) 19.8 (2.86) *6.3 (2.26) *3.2 (1.51)

Poverty status:5

Below poverty level ......................... 100.0 61.1 (1.62) 31.0 (1.44) 4.7 (0.70) 3.1 (0.59)

≥1 and <2 times poverty level .................. 100.0 53.8 (1.58) 36.9 (1.50) 5.6 (0.76) 3.7 (0.59)

≥2 and <4 times poverty level .................. 100.0 55.0 (1.49) 37.0 (1.45) 4.9 (0.62) 3.2 (0.50)

4 times poverty level or more ................... 100.0 62.1 (1.72) 31.1 (1.59) 4.7 (0.76) 2.1 (0.60)

Marital status:

Never married ............................ 100.0 65.4 (2.21) 28.9 (2.23) 4.0 (0.90) *1.7 (0.52)

Married ................................ 100.0 54.7 (1.33) 35.7 (1.23) 5.8 (0.64) 3.8 (0.52)

Cohabiting .............................. 100.0 61.4 (3.00) 31.9 (2.89) 3.9 (0.79) 2.8 (0.62)

Divorced or separated ....................... 100.0 55.0 (1.50) 37.5 (1.45) 4.5 (0.68) 3.0 (0.51)

Widowed ............................... 100.0 51.8 (5.31) 42.1 (5.38) 3.8 (0.96) 2.2 (0.48)

Geographic region:

Northeast ............................... 100.0 56.1 (1.73) 36.0 (1.59) 5.0 (0.75) 2.9 (0.62)

Midwest ................................ 100.0 57.0 (1.42) 34.5 (1.29) 5.6 (0.69) 2.9 (0.45)

South ................................. 100.0 55.5 (1.25) 35.4 (1.11) 5.4 (0.54) 3.8 (0.43)

West .................................. 100.0 66.7 (1.73) 29.6 (1.66) 2.4 (0.60) 1.3 (0.38)

* Estimates preceded by an asterisk have a relative standard error of greater than 30% and less than or equal to 50%. These should be interpreted with caution as they do not meet the standard of

reliability or precision.

† Estimates with a relative standard error greater than 50% are indicated with a dagger, but are not shown.

– Quantity zero.

1

Usual number of cigarettes on days smoked includes the usual cigarette consumption of daily and nondaily smokers combined. Estimates for nondaily smokers reflect number of cigarettes smoked
 

only on the days that they smoked and are limited to those who smoked at least once in the past 30 days.
 

2

Persons of other races and unknown race and ethnicity, unknown education, unknown poverty status, and unknown marital status are included in the total.
 

3

Estimates for age groups are not age adjusted.
 

4

GED is General Educational Development high school equivalency diploma.
 

5

Poverty status is based on family income and family size using the U.S. Census Bureau poverty thresholds for 2004, 2005, and 2006.
 

NOTES: Unless otherwise specified, estimates are age adjusted using the projected 2000 U.S. population as the standard population and using three age groups: 18–44 years, 45–64 years, and 65

years and over. For crude percent distributions, refer to Appendix Table IX. Denominator for each percent distribution excludes smokers with unknown number of cigarettes on days smoked. See

Appendix II for definitions of terms. See Appendix III for health behavior questions.

DATA SOURCE: National Health Interview Survey, 2005–2007. Estimates are based on household interviews of a sample of the civilian noninstitutionalized population.
Page 32 [ Series 10, No. 245

Table 4.4. Age-adjusted percent distributions (with standard errors) of age of smoking initiation among current cigarette smokers 18 years

of age and over: United States, average annual, 2005–2007

Age first smoked fairly regularly1

Less than 16–17 18–20 21 years

Selected characteristic Total 16 years years years and over

Both sexes Percent distribution (standard error)

Ages 18 years and over (age-adjusted)2 ............. 100.0 31.8 (0.50) 24.8 (0.43) 26.3 (0.46) 17.1 (0.39)

Ages 18 years and over (crude)2 .................. 100.0 31.9 (0.50) 25.3 (0.43) 26.4 (0.45) 16.5 (0.36)

Age:3

18–24 years ............................. 100.0 35.7 (1.48) 34.0 (1.52) 26.9 (1.36) 3.3 (0.56)

25–44 years ............................. 100.0 32.6 (0.73) 25.5 (0.71) 25.6 (0.66) 16.2 (0.57)

45–64 years ............................. 100.0 29.6 (0.80) 22.4 (0.66) 27.1 (0.72) 20.9 (0.65)

65–74 years ............................. 100.0 31.8 (1.79) 20.0 (1.55) 25.5 (1.66) 22.7 (1.66)

75 years and over.......................... 100.0 26.2 (2.87) 20.5 (2.68) 28.1 (2.75) 25.2 (2.55)

Race:

White, single race .......................... 100.0 33.1 (0.56) 25.3 (0.49) 25.7 (0.51) 15.9 (0.42)

Black or African American, single race ............. 100.0 23.8 (1.06) 22.2 (1.07) 30.2 (1.25) 23.8 (1.05)

American Indian or Alaska Native, single race ........ 100.0 39.8 (4.63) 22.8 (3.94) 24.7 (4.16) 12.7 (2.84)

Asian, single race .......................... 100.0 16.3 (2.22) 19.2 (2.50) 33.4 (3.52) 31.1 (3.82)

Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander, single race.... 100.0 † 36.5 (8.61) 28.1 (7.50) *25.0 (9.25)

Two or more races ......................... 100.0 38.2 (3.60) 29.0 (3.67) 21.8 (3.49) 11.1 (1.97)

Black or African American, white ............... 100.0 33.0 (6.95) 32.4 (6.35) 20.4 (5.96) *14.2 (6.53)

American Indian or Alaska Native, white........... 100.0 45.6 (5.25) 23.9 (4.57) 19.0 (5.05) 11.6 (2.84)

Hispanic or Latino origin and race:

Hispanic or Latino .......................... 100.0 29.3 (1.49) 23.3 (1.47) 26.3 (1.34) 21.0 (1.28)

Mexican or Mexican American ................. 100.0 31.8 (1.90) 22.6 (1.72) 24.1 (1.66) 21.5 (1.61)

Not Hispanic or Latino ....................... 100.0 32.0 (0.53) 25.0 (0.46) 26.2 (0.49) 16.7 (0.40)

White, single race ........................ 100.0 33.5 (0.59) 25.6 (0.52) 25.5 (0.54) 15.3 (0.44)

Black or African American, single race ............ 100.0 23.7 (1.07) 22.1 (1.08) 30.0 (1.27) 24.1 (1.07)

Education:

Less than high school graduate ................. 100.0 43.2 (1.06) 26.2 (0.94) 18.8 (0.84) 11.7 (0.64)

GED diploma4 ............................ 100.0 52.9 (2.58) 22.2 (1.79) 15.2 (1.95) 9.7 (1.37)

High school graduate ........................ 100.0 28.3 (0.85) 27.3 (0.85) 26.9 (0.81) 17.5 (0.74)

Some college—no degree ..................... 100.0 28.9 (1.11) 23.8 (0.96) 29.6 (1.11) 17.7 (0.83)

Associate of arts degree ...................... 100.0 27.4 (1.58) 21.1 (1.26) 31.5 (1.66) 20.0 (1.32)

Bachelor of arts, science degree ................. 100.0 17.4 (1.33) 20.5 (1.46) 36.0 (1.73) 26.0 (1.62)

Masters, doctorate, medical degree ............... 100.0 17.2 (2.32) 22.1 (2.49) 31.9 (2.56) 28.8 (2.61)

Poverty status:5

Below poverty level ......................... 100.0 40.6 (1.27) 22.6 (1.09) 20.3 (0.91) 16.5 (0.95)

≥1 and <2 times poverty level .................. 100.0 35.4 (1.16) 24.4 (1.02) 24.0 (0.90) 16.3 (0.91)

≥2 and <4 times poverty level .................. 100.0 30.8 (0.90) 25.6 (0.92) 26.7 (0.89) 16.9 (0.71)

4 times poverty level or more ................... 100.0 24.6 (0.99) 25.5 (1.04) 31.7 (1.09) 18.2 (0.86)

Marital status:

Never married ............................ 100.0 31.0 (1.34) 25.8 (1.28) 26.7 (1.28) 16.4 (1.28)

Married ................................ 100.0 31.7 (0.79) 24.7 (0.70) 27.0 (0.74) 16.5 (0.60)

Cohabiting .............................. 100.0 35.9 (2.09) 21.7 (1.22) 22.0 (2.13) 20.4 (2.27)

Divorced or separated ....................... 100.0 33.0 (1.08) 24.1 (0.98) 22.7 (0.97) 20.2 (0.87)

Widowed ............................... 100.0 34.8 (4.55) 17.6 (3.57) 31.4 (4.56) 16.2 (1.78)

Geographic region:

Northeast ............................... 100.0 31.5 (1.17) 24.9 (1.03) 27.4 (1.08) 16.2 (0.94)

Midwest ................................ 100.0 30.2 (0.99) 25.1 (0.89) 28.3 (0.92) 16.4 (0.73)

South ................................. 100.0 32.7 (0.81) 25.3 (0.69) 24.6 (0.71) 17.5 (0.64)

West .................................. 100.0 32.4 (1.14) 23.1 (0.94) 26.1 (1.13) 18.4 (0.89)

Men

Ages 18 years and over (age-adjusted)2 ............. 100.0 35.1 (0.71) 24.8 (0.61) 25.7 (0.65) 14.5 (0.49)

Ages 18 years and over (crude)2 .................. 100.0 33.7 (0.69) 25.4 (0.60) 26.0 (0.62) 14.9 (0.49)

Age:3

18–24 years ............................. 100.0 34.6 (2.01) 34.8 (2.17) 27.0 (1.89) 3.6 (0.77)

25–44 years ............................. 100.0 31.7 (1.04) 24.9 (0.95) 26.1 (0.92) 17.3 (0.83)

45–64 years ............................. 100.0 33.8 (1.12) 23.1 (0.96) 25.8 (0.97) 17.3 (0.85)

65–74 years ............................. 100.0 45.9 (2.74) 18.9 (2.22) 24.1 (2.31) 11.1 (1.70)

75 years and over.......................... 100.0 43.4 (4.91) 19.4 (3.79) 21.1 (3.92) 16.1 (3.34)

See footnotes at end of table.
Series 10, No. 245 [ Page 33

Table 4.4. Age-adjusted percent distributions (with standard errors) of age of smoking initiation among current cigarette smokers 18 years

of age and over: United States, average annual, 2005–2007—Con.

Age first smoked fairly regularly1

Less than 16–17 18–20 21 years

Selected characteristic Total 16 years years years and over

Men—Con. Percent distribution (standard error)

Race:

White, single race .......................... 100.0 36.9 (0.79) 25.2 (0.69) 24.7 (0.70) 13.2 (0.52)

Black or African American, single race ............. 100.0 26.3 (1.66) 23.2 (1.56) 30.0 (1.84) 20.5 (1.43)

American Indian or Alaska Native, single race ........ 100.0 45.3 (5.71) 20.3 (5.02) 28.8 (5.45) †

Asian, single race .......................... 100.0 14.8 (2.52) 21.1 (2.77) 31.8 (3.96) 32.2 (4.12)

Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander, single race.... 100.0 † 40.8 (8.33) 22.9 (5.84) *24.2 (11.89)

Two or more races ......................... 100.0 38.2 (6.13) 23.1 (5.93) 26.7 (6.49) 12.0 (3.17)

Black or African American, white ............... 100.0 *25.3 (10.93) † *30.9 (14.11) †

American Indian or Alaska Native, white........... 100.0 45.2 (8.33) *14.8 (4.59) 28.3 (8.41) *11.7 (4.27)

Hispanic or Latino origin and race:

Hispanic or Latino .......................... 100.0 32.8 (2.05) 23.9 (1.99) 26.1 (1.71) 17.2 (1.36)

Mexican or Mexican American ................. 100.0 37.2 (2.38) 23.1 (2.07) 22.9 (1.85) 16.8 (1.70)

Not Hispanic or Latino ....................... 100.0 35.3 (0.76) 25.0 (0.66) 25.6 (0.69) 14.1 (0.52)

White, single race ........................ 100.0 37.5 (0.86) 25.5 (0.75) 24.4 (0.76) 12.6 (0.55)

Black or African American, single race ............ 100.0 26.1 (1.67) 23.4 (1.58) 29.8 (1.87) 20.6 (1.46)

Education:

Less than high school graduate ................. 100.0 47.0 (1.52) 26.5 (1.30) 17.2 (1.11) 9.3 (0.79)

GED diploma4 ............................ 100.0 56.0 (3.23) 23.8 (2.56) 13.4 (2.37) 6.8 (1.17)

High school graduate ........................ 100.0 29.8 (1.20) 27.5 (1.22) 27.9 (1.15) 14.8 (0.92)

Some college—no degree ..................... 100.0 31.9 (1.73) 22.4 (1.36) 30.6 (1.66) 15.1 (1.11)

Associate of arts degree ...................... 100.0 32.8 (2.27) 20.8 (1.72) 27.9 (2.10) 18.5 (1.64)

Bachelor of arts, science degree ................. 100.0 19.4 (1.96) 22.1 (2.23) 35.3 (2.29) 23.3 (2.13)

Masters, doctorate, medical degree ............... 100.0 21.9 (3.58) 20.1 (3.65) 26.0 (3.44) 32.0 (3.93)

Poverty status:5

Below poverty level ......................... 100.0 44.6 (1.99) 23.6 (1.91) 18.4 (1.30) 13.4 (1.28)

≥1 and <2 times poverty level .................. 100.0 39.3 (1.84) 23.3 (1.65) 24.3 (1.27) 13.1 (1.08)

≥2 and <4 times poverty level .................. 100.0 34.2 (1.28) 25.7 (1.24) 25.8 (1.22) 14.3 (0.83)

4 times poverty level or more ................... 100.0 28.2 (1.47) 25.0 (1.29) 30.2 (1.41) 16.5 (1.06)

Marital status:

Never married ............................ 100.0 36.1 (1.91) 25.1 (1.52) 25.9 (1.70) 12.9 (1.12)

Married ................................ 100.0 34.3 (1.08) 23.9 (0.91) 26.9 (0.99) 14.9 (0.73)

Cohabiting .............................. 100.0 35.7 (2.78) 22.9 (1.84) 22.8 (3.10) 18.7 (3.02)

Divorced or separated ....................... 100.0 35.8 (1.52) 25.6 (1.53) 20.4 (1.29) 18.2 (1.20)

Widowed ............................... 100.0 47.7 (9.41) *15.9 (6.55) *22.8 (7.19) *13.6 (4.72)

Geographic region:

Northeast ............................... 100.0 34.8 (1.72) 23.4 (1.50) 27.1 (1.70) 14.8 (1.37)

Midwest ................................ 100.0 33.5 (1.46) 25.5 (1.31) 27.3 (1.38) 13.8 (1.00)

South ................................. 100.0 35.7 (1.10) 25.3 (0.95) 24.8 (0.96) 14.2 (0.75)

West .................................. 100.0 35.9 (1.65) 23.6 (1.33) 24.2 (1.45) 16.3 (1.09)

Women

Ages 18 years and over (age-adjusted)2 ............. 100.0 28.5 (0.64) 24.9 (0.62) 26.9 (0.63) 19.7 (0.56)

Ages 18 years and over (crude)2 .................. 100.0 29.6 (0.66) 25.1 (0.61) 26.8 (0.62) 18.5 (0.52)

Age:3

18–24 years ............................. 100.0 37.3 (2.03) 32.9 (2.05) 26.8 (2.04) 3.1 (0.78)

25–44 years ............................. 100.0 33.8 (1.00) 26.3 (0.97) 24.9 (0.92) 14.9 (0.72)

45–64 years ............................. 100.0 24.7 (1.07) 21.6 (0.93) 28.6 (1.11) 25.2 (0.96)

65–74 years ............................. 100.0 17.1 (1.96) 21.2 (2.10) 27.1 (2.14) 34.7 (2.63)

75 years and over.......................... 100.0 13.3 (2.69) 21.2 (3.75) 33.4 (3.86) 32.1 (3.58)

Race:

White, single race .......................... 100.0 29.3 (0.72) 25.5 (0.70) 26.6 (0.70) 18.5 (0.61)

Black or African American, single race ............. 100.0 20.9 (1.25) 21.0 (1.36) 30.2 (1.57) 27.9 (1.55)

American Indian or Alaska Native, single race ........ 100.0 32.0 (6.14) 23.5 (5.26) 22.9 (4.98) 21.6 (4.61)

Asian, single race .......................... 100.0 19.8 (3.81) *12.3 (4.06) 41.5 (6.86) 26.4 (6.53)

Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander, single race.... 100.0 *45.5 (18.58) – † †

Two or more races ......................... 100.0 39.4 (4.53) 32.0 (3.95) 18.6 (3.49) 10.1 (2.30)

Black or African American, white ............... 100.0 42.8 (9.85) 28.8 (6.74) *16.3 (6.10) †

American Indian or Alaska Native, white........... 100.0 48.5 (7.02) 28.6 (5.34) *12.0 (5.24) *11.0 (3.41)

See footnotes at end of table.
Page 34 [ Series 10, No. 245

Table 4.4. Age-adjusted percent distributions (with standard errors) of age of smoking initiation among current cigarette smokers 18 years

of age and over: United States, average annual, 2005–2007—Con.

Age first smoked fairly regularly1

Less than 16–17 18–20 21 years

Selected characteristic Total 16 years years years and over

Women—Con. Percent distribution (standard error)

Hispanic or Latino origin and race:

Hispanic or Latino .......................... 100.0 24.6 (1.97) 22.6 (2.32) 26.7 (2.27) 26.1 (2.14)

Mexican or Mexican American ................. 100.0 26.0 (2.89) 21.3 (3.05) 25.3 (3.13) 27.3 (2.87)

Not Hispanic or Latino ....................... 100.0 28.8 (0.67) 25.0 (0.65) 26.9 (0.66) 19.3 (0.58)

White, single race ........................ 100.0 29.7 (0.76) 25.7 (0.74) 26.6 (0.74) 18.0 (0.63)

Black or African American, single race ............ 100.0 20.9 (1.28) 20.7 (1.36) 30.0 (1.59) 28.4 (1.57)

Education:

Less than high school graduate ................. 100.0 39.5 (1.45) 25.5 (1.35) 20.8 (1.22) 14.2 (1.02)

GED diploma4 ............................ 100.0 45.0 (2.65) 20.9 (2.53) 18.3 (3.34) 15.8 (3.21)

High school graduate ........................ 100.0 27.6 (1.25) 27.7 (1.28) 25.3 (1.12) 19.5 (1.04)

Some college—no degree ..................... 100.0 25.5 (1.31) 25.4 (1.39) 28.6 (1.44) 20.5 (1.21)

Associate of arts degree ...................... 100.0 22.5 (1.70) 21.5 (1.86) 34.8 (2.34) 21.2 (1.96)

Bachelor of arts, science degree ................. 100.0 15.1 (1.69) 18.8 (1.71) 37.0 (2.54) 29.2 (2.36)

Masters, doctorate, medical degree ............... 100.0 11.4 (2.73) 23.4 (3.25) 38.2 (3.61) 26.9 (3.17)

Poverty status:5

Below poverty level ......................... 100.0 37.5 (1.42) 21.6 (1.19) 21.8 (1.20) 19.1 (1.24)

≥1 and <2 times poverty level .................. 100.0 32.1 (1.45) 25.5 (1.43) 23.5 (1.34) 18.9 (1.20)

≥2 and <4 times poverty level .................. 100.0 27.2 (1.24) 25.5 (1.26) 27.8 (1.33) 19.6 (1.08)

4 times poverty level or more ................... 100.0 19.7 (1.27) 26.3 (1.50) 33.7 (1.68) 20.3 (1.34)

Marital status:

Never married ............................ 100.0 25.5 (1.47) 26.6 (2.06) 27.6 (1.95) 20.3 (2.11)

Married ................................ 100.0 27.3 (1.08) 25.8 (1.15) 27.4 (1.10) 19.6 (1.03)

Cohabiting .............................. 100.0 36.4 (3.09) 20.2 (1.55) 20.4 (2.03) 23.0 (2.95)

Divorced or separated ....................... 100.0 30.2 (1.47) 22.8 (1.33) 24.8 (1.35) 22.2 (1.21)

Widowed ............................... 100.0 29.9 (4.97) 18.1 (4.19) 34.8 (5.46) 17.2 (1.60)

Geographic region:

Northeast ............................... 100.0 29.0 (1.59) 26.1 (1.55) 27.5 (1.31) 17.4 (1.16)

Midwest ................................ 100.0 27.0 (1.15) 24.9 (1.11) 29.3 (1.21) 18.8 (1.04)

South ................................. 100.0 29.5 (1.09) 25.2 (1.04) 24.3 (1.02) 21.0 (0.97)

West .................................. 100.0 28.6 (1.43) 22.7 (1.44) 28.4 (1.59) 20.3 (1.35)

† Estimates with a relative standard error greater than 50% are indicated with a dagger, but are not shown.
 

* Estimates preceded by an asterisk have a relative standard error of greater than 30% and less than or equal to 50%. These should be interpreted with caution as they do not meet the standard of
 

reliability or precision.
 

– Quantity zero.
 

1

Current smokers were asked at what age they first starting smoking fairly regularly. Answers were recorded in single years and combined for this table.
 

2

Persons of other races and unknown race and ethnicity, unknown education, unknown poverty status, and unknown marital status are included in the total.
 

3

Estimates for age groups are not age adjusted.
 

4

GED is General Educational Development high school equivalency diploma.
 

5

Poverty status is based on family income and family size using the U.S. Census Bureau poverty thresholds for 2004, 2005, and 2006.
 

NOTES: Unless otherwise specified, estimates are age adjusted using the projected 2000 U.S. population as the standard population and using three age groups: 18–44 years, 45–64 years, and 65

years and over. For crude percent distributions, refer to Appendix Table X. Denominator for each percent distribution excludes current smokers with unknown age of smoking initiation. See Appendix II

for definitions of terms. See Appendix III for health behavior questions.

DATA SOURCE: National Health Interview Survey, 2005–2007. Estimates are based on household interviews of a sample of the civilian noninstitutionalized population.
Series 10, No. 245 [ Page 35

Table 4.5. Age-adjusted percentages (with standard errors) of current cigarette smokers 18 years of age and over who tried to quit smoking

in the past year, by current smoking status and selected characteristics: United States, average annual, 2005–2007

All current Nondaily Daily

Selected characteristic smokers smokers smokers

Both sexes Percent who tried to quit1 (standard error)

Ages 18 years and over (age-adjusted)2 ............. 42.5 (0.54) 54.6 (1.14) 39.6 (0.59)

Ages 18 years and over (crude)2 .................. 43.5 (0.53) 55.1 (1.10) 40.5 (0.57)

Age:3

18–24 years ............................. 52.0 (1.62) 57.2 (2.82) 49.9 (1.89)

25–44 years ............................. 45.0 (0.80) 54.7 (1.53) 42.4 (0.90)

45–64 years ............................. 40.3 (0.82) 55.1 (1.95) 37.4 (0.88)

65–74 years ............................. 34.1 (1.83) 56.8 (4.50) 29.6 (1.93)

75 years and over.......................... 29.3 (2.79) 36.8 (6.60) 27.7 (3.02)

Race:

White, single race . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41.5 (0.59) 54.2 (1.31) 38.7 (0.65)

Black or African American, single race ............. 46.6 (1.42) 56.7 (2.65) 43.3 (1.55)

American Indian or Alaska Native, single race ........ 46.1 (4.75) 54.6 (7.46) 44.1 (5.99)

Asian, single race . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45.8 (3.69) 63.5 (5.22) 41.0 (3.51)

Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander, single race.... 52.0 (14.03) † 65.5 (13.99)

Two or more races ......................... 50.0 (4.07) 47.9 (7.02) 50.3 (4.43)

Black or African American, white ............... 31.8 (7.96) † 33.5 (8.82)

American Indian or Alaska Native, white........... 49.7 (5.87) 68.3 (11.95) 46.9 (6.19)

Hispanic or Latino origin and race:

Hispanic or Latino .......................... 43.9 (1.63) 51.0 (2.73) 40.8 (1.83)

Mexican or Mexican American . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41.3 (2.05) 48.6 (3.33) 37.5 (2.36)

Not Hispanic or Latino ....................... 42.4 (0.58) 56.0 (1.28) 39.5 (0.62)

White, single race ........................ 41.5 (0.64) 55.8 (1.51) 38.7 (0.69)

Black or African American, single race ............ 46.4 (1.45) 56.3 (2.70) 43.0 (1.58)

Education:

Less than high school graduate ................. 39.3 (1.12) 54.0 (2.52) 36.4 (1.22)

GED diploma4 ............................ 36.6 (2.28) 64.3 (4.87) 34.7 (2.39)

High school graduate ........................ 40.4 (0.93) 54.4 (2.15) 37.6 (1.02)

Some college—no degree ..................... 48.2 (1.19) 59.8 (2.61) 45.4 (1.27)

Associate of arts degree ...................... 44.5 (1.71) 52.7 (3.95) 42.6 (1.91)

Bachelor of arts, science degree ................. 46.3 (1.68) 50.2 (3.10) 44.0 (2.11)

Masters, doctorate, medical degree ............... 43.8 (2.76) 48.7 (4.62) 41.7 (3.33)

Poverty status:5

Below poverty level ......................... 41.8 (1.19) 58.0 (2.42) 38.1 (1.31)

≥1 and <2 times poverty level .................. 41.9 (1.11) 55.2 (2.48) 39.3 (1.26)

≥2 and <4 times poverty level .................. 41.3 (1.08) 55.2 (2.26) 38.1 (1.23)

4 times poverty level or more ................... 44.7 (1.12) 51.9 (2.46) 42.7 (1.31)

Marital status:

Never married ............................ 40.1 (1.23) 50.0 (2.73) 37.0 (1.38)

Married ................................ 42.1 (0.81) 55.0 (1.73) 39.0 (0.89)

Cohabiting .............................. 44.9 (2.31) 49.4 (4.82) 44.0 (2.56)

Divorced or separated ....................... 42.2 (1.06) 57.5 (2.49) 39.1 (1.16)

Widowed ............................... 37.0 (4.05) 50.7 (10.33) 34.4 (4.33)

Geographic region:

Northeast ............................... 46.6 (1.28) 61.1 (2.70) 42.8 (1.44)

Midwest . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43.7 (1.02) 54.9 (2.22) 41.0 (1.13)

South ................................. 40.1 (0.91) 54.8 (1.95) 37.2 (0.96)

West . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41.8 (1.24) 49.3 (2.38) 39.8 (1.32)

Men

Ages 18 years and over (age-adjusted)2 ............. 41.5 (0.78) 51.4 (1.62) 39.2 (0.85)

Ages 18 years and over (crude)2 .................. 42.4 (0.73) 51.7 (1.53) 39.8 (0.80)

Age:3

18–24 years ............................. 49.8 (2.17) 52.6 (3.86) 48.6 (2.56)

25–44 years ............................. 44.0 (1.07) 50.7 (2.00) 42.0 (1.24)

45–64 years ............................. 38.4 (1.16) 53.7 (2.77) 35.6 (1.24)

65–74 years ............................. 36.5 (2.87) 58.2 (6.46) 32.1 (3.10)

75 years and over.......................... 27.7 (4.36) *18.5 (6.98) 29.9 (5.06)

See footnotes at end of table.
Page 36 [ Series 10, No. 245

Table 4.5. Age-adjusted percentages (with standard errors) of current cigarette smokers 18 years of age and over who tried to quit smoking

in the past year, by current smoking status and selected characteristics: United States, average annual, 2005–2007—Con.

All current Nondaily Daily

Selected characteristic smokers smokers smokers

Men—Con. Percent who tried to quit1 (standard error)

Race:

White, single race . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40.4 (0.85) 50.5 (1.91) 38.2 (0.93)

Black or African American, single race ............. 45.5 (2.10) 55.2 (3.54) 41.9 (2.35)

American Indian or Alaska Native, single race ........ 50.3 (6.13) 63.3 (9.14) 55.9 (5.38)

Asian, single race . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46.2 (4.20) 63.4 (5.91) 41.0 (3.97)

Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander, single race.... *40.8 (13.16) † 54.6 (10.65)

Two or more races ......................... 50.6 (6.24) 46.9 (9.87) 52.8 (7.52)

Black or African American, white ............... † – †

American Indian or Alaska Native, white........... 54.7 (8.42) 82.2 (11.32) 50.2 (9.15)

Hispanic or Latino origin and race:

Hispanic or Latino .......................... 40.3 (1.99) 47.5 (3.40) 37.7 (2.33)

Mexican or Mexican American . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38.0 (2.42) 46.8 (3.93) 33.8 (2.70)

Not Hispanic or Latino ....................... 41.7 (0.83) 53.3 (1.85) 39.3 (0.90)

White, single race ........................ 40.6 (0.92) 52.5 (2.26) 38.4 (0.99)

Black or African American, single race ............ 45.4 (2.13) 54.8 (3.61) 42.0 (2.38)

Education:

Less than high school graduate ................. 38.1 (1.55) 48.1 (3.22) 35.8 (1.75)

GED diploma4 ............................ 37.9 (3.01) 67.6 (7.24) 35.9 (3.15)

High school graduate ........................ 40.3 (1.29) 52.1 (3.21) 37.9 (1.43)

Some college—no degree ..................... 46.9 (1.80) 58.6 (3.63) 44.0 (1.98)

Associate of arts degree ...................... 44.7 (2.41) 54.6 (6.19) 42.8 (2.69)

Bachelor of arts, science degree ................. 43.6 (2.29) 43.5 (4.11) 43.4 (2.90)

Masters, doctorate, medical degree ............... 44.5 (4.03) 43.0 (6.84) 47.4 (4.76)

Poverty status:5

Below poverty level ......................... 40.1 (1.90) 53.3 (3.53) 36.9 (2.13)

≥1 and <2 times poverty level .................. 38.4 (1.58) 45.6 (3.67) 36.7 (1.72)

≥2 and <4 times poverty level .................. 41.2 (1.43) 53.2 (3.06) 38.5 (1.60)

4 times poverty level or more ................... 44.9 (1.50) 51.8 (3.11) 43.2 (1.71)

Marital status:

Never married ............................ 38.2 (1.70) 46.2 (3.56) 35.8 (1.90)

Married ................................ 41.5 (1.10) 53.0 (2.25) 38.7 (1.22)

Cohabiting .............................. 45.0 (3.04) 48.1 (6.83) 44.0 (3.32)

Divorced or separated ....................... 39.8 (1.50) 51.0 (3.40) 37.7 (1.69)

Widowed ............................... 27.3 (6.99) 23.5 (5.13) 27.2 (7.54)

Geographic region:

Northeast ............................... 47.4 (1.85) 60.4 (3.75) 43.4 (2.00)

Midwest . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41.6 (1.54) 51.6 (3.23) 39.3 (1.73)

South ................................. 39.4 (1.28) 49.6 (2.58) 37.4 (1.42)

West . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40.9 (1.70) 48.3 (3.29) 39.1 (1.77)

Women

Ages 18 years and over (age-adjusted)2 ............. 43.7 (0.72) 59.1 (1.60) 40.2 (0.81)

Ages 18 years and over (crude)2 .................. 44.9 (0.73) 59.7 (1.55) 41.4 (0.82)

Age:3

18–24 years ............................. 55.1 (2.18) 64.5 (3.85) 51.7 (2.59)

25–44 years ............................. 46.3 (1.12) 60.7 (2.28) 42.8 (1.25)

45–64 years ............................. 42.4 (1.14) 56.7 (2.72) 39.6 (1.25)

65–74 years ............................. 31.6 (2.24) 55.2 (6.34) 27.1 (2.27)

75 years and over.......................... 30.6 (3.72) 52.8 (8.61) 26.1 (3.94)

Race:

White, single race . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43.1 (0.80) 59.2 (1.81) 39.5 (0.90)

Black or African American, single race ............. 47.8 (1.61) 58.6 (3.68) 44.8 (1.83)

American Indian or Alaska Native, single race ........ 39.1 (5.92) 63.3 (8.08) 26.9 (6.09)

Asian, single race . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42.5 (5.07) 59.7 (10.52) 40.1 (6.02)

Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander, single race.... 36.1 (0.00) – 36.1 (0.00)

Two or more races ......................... 49.9 (5.03) 59.3 (11.96) 49.6 (5.34)

Black or African American, white ............... 40.6 (9.79) *62.4 (26.42) 40.4 (10.43)

American Indian or Alaska Native, white........... 43.4 (7.29) *51.7 (17.45) 42.8 (7.74)

See footnotes at end of table.
Series 10, No. 245 [ Page 37

Table 4.5. Age-adjusted percentages (with standard errors) of current cigarette smokers 18 years of age and over who tried to quit smoking

in the past year, by current smoking status and selected characteristics: United States, average annual, 2005–2007—Con.

All current Nondaily Daily

Selected characteristic smokers smokers smokers

Women—Con. Percent who tried to quit1 (standard error)

Hispanic or Latino origin and race:

Hispanic or Latino .......................... 50.3 (2.50) 58.7 (4.30) 46.0 (2.94)

Mexican or Mexican American ................. 48.3 (3.27) 56.3 (5.50) 43.0 (4.03)

Not Hispanic or Latino ....................... 43.4 (0.76) 59.3 (1.71) 39.9 (0.84)

White, single race ........................ 42.7 (0.85) 59.6 (1.95) 39.3 (0.94)

Black or African American, single race ............ 47.3 (1.63) 58.4 (3.74) 44.2 (1.85)

Education:

Less than high school graduate ................. 40.7 (1.46) 64.5 (3.93) 37.0 (1.52)

GED diploma4 ............................ 33.9 (2.87) 60.3 (6.61) 31.6 (2.95)

High school graduate ........................ 40.9 (1.37) 58.4 (3.07) 37.5 (1.50)

Some college—no degree ..................... 49.7 (1.55) 62.3 (3.22) 47.0 (1.65)

Associate of arts degree ...................... 44.5 (2.35) 52.4 (4.99) 42.4 (2.57)

Bachelor of arts, science degree ................. 49.9 (2.36) 58.4 (4.64) 45.2 (2.93)

Masters, doctorate, medical degree ............... 43.1 (3.76) 54.4 (6.41) 36.1 (4.30)

Poverty status:5.............................

Below poverty level ......................... 43.2 (1.38) 63.0 (3.18) 39.2 (1.54)

≥1 and <2 times poverty level .................. 45.9 (1.52) 64.6 (3.29) 42.2 (1.71)

≥2 and <4 times poverty level .................. 41.7 (1.39) 58.2 (2.96) 38.1 (1.61)

4 times poverty level or more ................... 44.6 (1.63) 52.5 (3.45) 42.0 (1.90)

Marital status:

Never married ............................ 43.2 (1.79) 55.9 (4.19) 39.1 (2.00)

Married ................................ 42.2 (1.20) 57.4 (2.80) 38.8 (1.32)

Cohabiting .............................. 44.1 (3.64) 50.1 (6.94) 42.6 (4.33)

Divorced or separated ....................... 44.4 (1.47) 64.5 (3.24) 40.3 (1.56)

Widowed ............................... 40.9 (5.01) 54.4 (11.66) 37.9 (5.48)

Geographic region:

Northeast ............................... 45.7 (1.69) 61.7 (3.73) 42.0 (1.94)

Midwest ................................ 46.2 (1.40) 59.0 (2.94) 43.1 (1.71)

South ................................. 41.0 (1.16) 61.5 (2.66) 37.0 (1.18)

West .................................. 44.1 (1.76) 52.3 (3.68) 41.8 (1.91)

† Estimates with a relative standard error greater than 50% are indicated with a dagger, but are not shown.
 

* Estimates preceded by an asterisk have a relative standard error of greater than 30% and less than or equal to 50%. These should be interpreted with caution as they do not meet the standard of
 

reliability or precision.
 

– Quantity zero.
 

1

Percentage of cigarette smokers who had stopped smoking for more than 1 day in the past year because they were trying to quit.
 

2

Persons of other races and unknown race and ethnicity, unknown education, unknown poverty status, and unknown marital status are included in the total.
 

3

Estimates for age groups are not age adjusted.
 

4

GED is General Educational Development high school equivalency diploma.
 

5

Poverty status is based on family income and family size using the U.S. Census Bureau poverty thresholds for 2004, 2005, and 2006.
 

NOTES: Unless otherwise specified, estimates are age adjusted using the projected 2000 U.S. population as the standard population and using three age groups: 18–44 years, 45–64 years, and 65
 

years and over. For crude percentages, refer to Appendix Table XI. Denominator for each percentage excludes current smokers for whom information on quit attempts was unknown. See Appendix II
 

for definitions of terms. See Appendix III for health behavior questions.
 

DATA SOURCE: National Health Interview Survey, 2005–2007. Estimates are based on household interviews of a sample of the civilian noninstitutionalized population.
Page 38 [ Series 10, No. 245

Chapter 5

Leisure-time Physical

Activity

All Adults

+	 Overall, 60.3% of adults engaged in

at least some leisure-time physical

activity, with 30.7% engaging in

activity sufficient in frequency and

duration to be classified as

‘‘regular’’ (Table 5.1).

+	 Almost 4 in 10 adults (39.7%)

engaged in no leisure-time physical

activity (Table 5.1).

+	 Overall, about one in five adults

(21.9%) engaged in light-moderate

leisure-time physical activity at least

five times per week and about one

in eight adults (11.1%) engaged in

vigorous leisure-time physical

activity this often (Table 5.2 and

Table 5.3).

+	 About one-fourth of adults engaged

in at least some leisure-time

strengthening activity (Table 5.5).

Sex

+	 Men (61.9%) were more likely than

women (58.9%) to engage in at least

some leisure-time physical activity

(Table 5.1).

+	 Men were more likely than women

to engage in regular vigorous

leisure-time physical activity, but

men and women were about equally

likely to engage in regular

light-moderate leisure-time physical

activity (Table 5.4).

+	 About 3 in 10 men (27.4%)

compared with about 2 in 10 women

(21.1%) engaged in leisure-time

strengthening activities (Table 5.5).

Age

+	 The percentage of adults who

engaged in at least some leisuretime physical activity decreased with

age from 66.3% among adults 18–24

years to 39.6% among adults 75

years and over (Table 5.1 and

Figure 5.1).

+	 The percentage of adults who

engaged in any regular leisure-time

physical activity declined steadily

with age from 37.5% of adults

18–24 years to 17.4% of adults aged

75 years and over (Table 5.4 and

Figure 5.1).

+	 Participation in leisure-time

strengthening physical activities

declined with age for both men and

women (Table 5.5 and Figure 5.2).

Race

+	 White adults (61.9%) and Asian

adults (60.3%) were more likely

0 

20 

40 

60 

80 

Percent 

18–24 25–44 45–64 65–74 75 and 

over Age in years 

Regular activity 

At least some activity 

NOTES: Estimates are based on household interviews of a sample of the civilian noninstitutionalized population. 

DATA SOURCE: CDC/NCHS, National Health Interview Survey, 2005–2007. 

Figure 5.1. Percentage of adults who engaged in leisure-time physical activity, by level of

activity and age: United States, 2005–2007

than black adults (48.8%) to engage

in at least some leisure-time

physical activity (Table 5.1).

+	 Engaging in regular leisure-time

physical activity was more prevalent

among white adults than among

Asian adults and black adults

(Table 5.1).

Hispanic or Latino Origin

and Race

+	 Non-Hispanic white adults (64.9%)

were more likely than non-Hispanic

black adults (48.8%) and Hispanic

adults (46.5%) to engage in at least

0 

10 

20 

30 

40 

50 

Percent 

18–24 25–44 45–64 65–74 75 and 

over Age in years 

Women 

Men 

NOTES: Estimates are based on household interviews of a sample of the civilian noninstitutionalized population. 

DATA SOURCE: CDC/NCHS, National Health Interview Survey, 2005–2007. 

Figure 5.2. Percentage of adults who engaged in at least some leisure-time strengthening

activity, by sex and age: United States, 2005–2007
46.2 

Less than General Educational Development High school Some college

high school (GED) high school equivalency graduate

diploma 

Associate of arts degree Bachelor’s degree Graduate degree 

100 

80.7 

80 75.0

67.1 65.2 

Percent 

40 

52.7 

48.4 

42.3 39.4 

23.9 21.7

17.8 20 

0 

32.8 34.2 

At least some activity	 Regular activity 

NOTES: Estimates are based on household interviews of a sample of the civilian noninstitutionalized population. Estimates are 


age adjusted using the projected 2000 U.S. population as the standard population. 


DATA SOURCE: CDC/NCHS, National Health Interview Survey, 2005–2007.
 

19.9 20 

80 At least some activity Regular activity

72.2 

59.2 60 

48.6 39.2 

42.5

Percent 40 

28.8 

22.8 

0 

Below >1 and <2 times >2 and <4 times 4 times or more 

Poverty level 

NOTES: Estimates are based on household interviews of a sample of the civilian noninstitutionalized population. Estimates are 

age adjusted using the projected 2000 U.S. population as the standard population. 

DATA SOURCE: CDC/NCHS, National Health Interview Survey, 2005–2007. 

Series 10, No. 245 [ Page 39

some leisure-time physical activity

(Table 5.1).

+	 Engaging in regular leisure-time

physical activity was more prevalent

among non-Hispanic white adults

(33.8%) than among non-Hispanic
 

black adults (23.1%) and Hispanic
 

adults (22.3%) (Table 5.1).	 

Education

+ The percentage of adults who

engaged in at least some leisuretime physical activity increased with

education. Adults with a graduate

level degree were about twice as

likely as adults with less than a high

school diploma to engage in at least

some leisure-time physical activity

and more than twice as likely to be

regularly active (Table 5.1 and

Figure 5.3).

+	 Adults with higher levels of

education were more likely than

those with fewer years of education

to engage in regular leisure-time

physical activity. Educational

differences were particularly striking

for regular vigorous activities and

were greater for women than for

men (Table 5.4).

+	 Adults with an advanced academic

degree (39.0%) were more than

three times as likely as adults with

less than a high school diploma

(12.0%) to engage in leisure-time

strengthening activities (Table 5.5).

Poverty Status

+	 Among U.S. adults, the likelihood of

engaging in at least some

leisure-time physical activity

increased with family income

(Table 5.1 and Figure 5.4).

(39.2%) were nearly twice as likely

as adults with family incomes below

the poverty level (19.9%) to engage

+ Adults who had family incomes four

times the poverty level or more

Figure 5.3. Percentage of adults who engaged in leisure-time physical activity, by level of

activity and education: United States, 2005–2007

adults with the highest family status groups to engage in at least

incomes (16.1%) were about 50% some leisure-time physical activity

more likely than those in the lowest (Table 5.1).

income group (10.9%) to engage in + Widowed adults (19.7%) were less

regular light-moderate leisure-time likely than never married adults

physical activity (Table 5.4). (31.9%), married adults (30.8%),

and divorced or separated adults

Marital (28.4%) to engage in regular Status

leisure-time physical activity

+	 Married adults were more likely (Table 5.1).

than adults in the other marital + Adults who had never been married

in regular leisure-time physical

activity (Table 5.1 and Figure 5.4).

+	 Adults with the highest family

incomes (30.6%) were more than

twice as likely as adults with the

lowest family incomes (12.8%) to

engage in regular vigorous

leisure-time physical activities;

Figure 5.4. Percentage of adults who engaged in leisure-time physical activity, by level of

activity and poverty status: United States, 2005–2007
Page 40 [ Series 10, No. 245

were more likely than adults in any

other marital status group to engage

in leisure-time strengthening

activities (Table 5.5).

Geographic Region

+	 Adults living in the South (27.4%)

were least likely to engage in

regular leisure-time physical activity

compared with adults living in any

other region (Table 5.1).
Series 10, No. 245 [ Page 41

Table 5.1. Age-adjusted percent distributions (with standard errors) of leisure-time physical activity status for adults 18 years of age and

over and age-adjusted percentages (with standard errors) of adults 18 years of age and over who engaged in some but less than regular

and regular leisure-time physical activity, by selected characteristics: United States, average annual, 2005–2007

Leisure-time physical activity status1

At least some2 Some,

less than

Selected characteristic Total Inactive (some+regular) regular Regular

Both sexes Percent distribution (standard error) Percent (standard error)

Ages 18 years and over (age-adjusted)3 ............. 100.00 39.7 (0.40) 60.3 (0.40) 29.6 (0.27) 30.7 (0.29)

Ages 18 years and over (crude)3 .................. 100.00 39.7 (0.40) 60.3 (0.40) 29.7 (0.27) 30.6 (0.29)

Age:4

18–24 years ............................. 100.00 33.7 (0.79) 66.3 (0.79) 28.7 (0.67) 37.5 (0.76)

25–44 years ............................. 100.00 35.5 (0.51) 64.5 (0.51) 31.5 (0.38) 33.0 (0.40)

45–64 years ............................. 100.00 39.9 (0.50) 60.1 (0.50) 30.6 (0.39) 29.5 (0.43)

65–74 years ............................. 100.00 48.0 (0.82) 52.0 (0.82) 26.6 (0.64) 25.4 (0.67)

75 years and over.......................... 100.00 60.4 (0.80) 39.6 (0.80) 22.3 (0.62) 17.4 (0.60)

Race:

White, single race .......................... 100.00 38.1 (0.43) 61.9 (0.43) 30.0 (0.30) 31.8 (0.32)

Black or African American, single race ............. 100.00 51.2 (0.75) 48.8 (0.75) 25.6 (0.54) 23.2 (0.55)

American Indian or Alaska Native, single race ........ 100.00 38.4 (2.39) 61.6 (2.39) 35.3 (2.19) 26.3 (2.30)

Asian, single race .......................... 100.00 39.7 (1.07) 60.3 (1.07) 30.6 (0.99) 29.7 (0.96)

Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander, single race.... 100.00 42.0 (6.78) 58.0 (6.78) 27.1 (4.97) 30.8 (5.48)

Two or more races ......................... 100.00 37.1 (2.00) 62.9 (2.00) 33.2 (1.96) 29.7 (1.76)

Black or African American, white ............... 100.00 47.3 (4.53) 52.7 (4.53) 24.9 (3.90) 27.7 (4.22)

American Indian or Alaska Native, white........... 100.00 37.0 (2.85) 63.0 (2.85) 35.8 (3.10) 27.2 (2.58)

Hispanic or Latino origin and race:

Hispanic or Latino .......................... 100.00 53.5 (0.65) 46.5 (0.65) 24.2 (0.52) 22.3 (0.52)

Mexican or Mexican American ................. 100.00 53.2 (0.83) 46.8 (0.83) 24.8 (0.66) 22.0 (0.69)

Not Hispanic or Latino ....................... 100.00 37.5 (0.43) 62.5 (0.43) 30.5 (0.30) 32.0 (0.32)

White, single race ........................ 100.00 35.1 (0.47) 64.9 (0.47) 31.1 (0.34) 33.8 (0.36)

Black or African American, single race ............ 100.00 51.2 (0.77) 48.8 (0.77) 25.7 (0.56) 23.1 (0.56)

Education:

Less than high school graduate ................. 100.00 60.6 (0.65) 39.4 (0.65) 21.6 (0.53) 17.8 (0.48)

GED diploma5 ............................ 100.00 51.6 (1.42) 48.4 (1.42) 26.7 (1.16) 21.7 (1.20)

High school graduate ........................ 100.00 47.3 (0.63) 52.7 (0.63) 28.8 (0.49) 23.9 (0.44)

Some college—no degree ..................... 100.00 34.8 (0.58) 65.2 (0.58) 32.3 (0.51) 32.8 (0.53)

Associate of arts degree ...................... 100.00 32.9 (0.70) 67.1 (0.70) 32.9 (0.69) 34.2 (0.72)

Bachelor of arts, science degree ................. 100.00 25.0 (0.53) 75.0 (0.53) 32.6 (0.56) 42.3 (0.60)

Masters, doctorate, medical degree ............... 100.00 19.3 (0.61) 80.7 (0.61) 34.5 (0.75) 46.2 (0.76)

Poverty status:6

Below poverty level ......................... 100.00 57.5 (0.79) 42.5 (0.79) 22.5 (0.53) 19.9 (0.61)

≥1 and <2 times poverty level .................. 100.00 51.4 (0.65) 48.6 (0.65) 25.8 (0.52) 22.8 (0.54)

≥2 and <4 times poverty level .................. 100.00 40.8 (0.54) 59.2 (0.54) 30.5 (0.42) 28.8 (0.42)

4 times poverty level or more ................... 100.00 27.8 (0.46) 72.2 (0.46) 33.0 (0.42) 39.2 (0.41)

Marital status:

Never married ............................ 100.00 40.7 (0.67) 59.3 (0.67) 27.4 (0.57) 31.9 (0.58)

Married ................................ 100.00 38.0 (0.46) 62.0 (0.46) 31.3 (0.35) 30.8 (0.36)

Cohabiting .............................. 100.00 41.1 (1.15) 58.9 (1.15) 29.2 (1.01) 29.7 (1.03)

Divorced or separated ....................... 100.00 43.9 (0.68) 56.1 (0.68) 27.7 (0.56) 28.4 (0.58)

Widowed ............................... 100.00 53.6 (2.66) 46.4 (2.66) 26.7 (2.52) 19.7 (1.79)

Geographic region:

Northeast ............................... 100.00 37.6 (0.74) 62.4 (0.74) 30.2 (0.63) 32.2 (0.61)

Midwest ................................ 100.00 34.4 (0.93) 65.6 (0.93) 33.5 (0.62) 32.0 (0.66)

South ................................. 100.00 46.0 (0.71) 54.0 (0.71) 26.5 (0.44) 27.4 (0.48)

West .................................. 100.00 36.4 (0.68) 63.6 (0.68) 30.2 (0.52) 33.5 (0.57)

Men

Ages 18 years and over (age-adjusted)3 ............. 100.00 38.1 (0.47) 61.9 (0.47) 29.3 (0.37) 32.6 (0.38)

Ages 18 years and over (crude)3 .................. 100.00 38.0 (0.47) 62.0 (0.47) 29.4 (0.37) 32.7 (0.38)

Age:4

18–24 years ............................. 100.00 30.8 (1.05) 69.2 (1.05) 26.9 (0.99) 42.3 (1.12)

25–44 years ............................. 100.00 34.4 (0.65) 65.6 (0.65) 31.6 (0.54) 34.0 (0.54)

45–64 years ............................. 100.00 40.2 (0.63) 59.8 (0.63) 29.5 (0.54) 30.4 (0.56)

65–74 years ............................. 100.00 45.5 (1.12) 54.5 (1.12) 26.3 (0.93) 28.2 (0.96)

75 years and over.......................... 100.00 53.1 (1.23) 46.9 (1.23) 24.4 (1.01) 22.5 (0.99)

See footnotes at end of table.
Page 42 [ Series 10, No. 245

Table 5.1. Age-adjusted percent distributions (with standard errors) of leisure-time physical activity status for adults 18 years of age and

over and age-adjusted percentages (with standard errors) of adults 18 years of age and over who engaged in some but less than regular

and regular leisure-time physical activity, by selected characteristics: United States, average annual, 2005–2007—Con.

Leisure-time physical activity status1

At least some2 Some,

less than

Selected characteristic Total Inactive (some+regular) regular Regular

Men—Con. Percent distribution (standard error) Percent (standard error)

Race:

White, single race .......................... 100.00 37.2 (0.51) 62.8 (0.51) 29.6 (0.41) 33.2 (0.42)

Black or African American, single race ............. 100.00 46.6 (1.03) 53.4 (1.03) 24.8 (0.81) 28.6 (0.92)

American Indian or Alaska Native, single race ........ 100.00 38.0 (3.68) 62.0 (3.68) 35.0 (3.27) 27.0 (3.34)

Asian, single race .......................... 100.00 36.5 (1.41) 63.5 (1.41) 30.9 (1.38) 32.6 (1.41)

Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander, single race.... 100.00 45.6 (9.86) 54.4 (9.86) 31.1 (8.06) 23.3 (6.18)

Two or more races ......................... 100.00 36.9 (3.00) 63.1 (3.00) 33.3 (3.01) 29.8 (2.56)

Black or African American, white ............... 100.00 50.5 (6.91) 49.5 (6.91) *18.0 (5.66) 31.4 (5.82)

American Indian or Alaska Native, white........... 100.00 36.8 (4.11) 63.2 (4.11) 36.9 (4.49) 26.3 (3.49)

Hispanic or Latino origin and race:

Hispanic or Latino .......................... 100.00 51.5 (0.91) 48.5 (0.91) 24.2 (0.75) 24.3 (0.78)

Mexican or Mexican American ................. 100.00 52.1 (1.18) 47.9 (1.18) 24.5 (1.00) 23.4 (0.93)

Not Hispanic or Latino ....................... 100.00 35.8 (0.51) 64.2 (0.51) 30.1 (0.41) 34.1 (0.42)

White, single race ........................ 100.00 34.2 (0.57) 65.8 (0.57) 30.6 (0.47) 35.2 (0.48)

Black or African American, single race ............ 100.00 46.6 (1.05) 53.4 (1.05) 25.1 (0.83) 28.3 (0.94)

Education:

Less than high school graduate ................. 100.00 58.5 (0.90) 41.5 (0.90) 21.4 (0.73) 20.2 (0.74)

GED diploma5 ............................ 100.00 46.0 (2.08) 54.0 (2.08) 28.0 (1.76) 26.0 (1.96)

High school graduate ........................ 100.00 46.2 (0.81) 53.8 (0.81) 28.3 (0.70) 25.5 (0.63)

Some college—no degree ..................... 100.00 33.4 (0.80) 66.6 (0.80) 31.9 (0.76) 34.8 (0.82)

Associate of arts degree ...................... 100.00 31.4 (1.04) 68.6 (1.04) 31.5 (1.07) 37.1 (1.07)

Bachelor of arts, science degree ................. 100.00 22.9 (0.70) 77.1 (0.70) 32.8 (0.80) 44.3 (0.81)

Masters, doctorate, medical degree ............... 100.00 17.6 (0.81) 82.4 (0.81) 35.2 (1.16) 47.2 (1.13)

Poverty status:6

Below poverty level ......................... 100.00 55.2 (1.13) 44.8 (1.13) 22.0 (0.84) 22.8 (0.99)

≥1 and <2 times poverty level .................. 100.00 50.9 (0.98) 49.1 (0.98) 24.6 (0.77) 24.5 (0.81)

≥2 and <4 times poverty level .................. 100.00 40.2 (0.71) 59.8 (0.71) 29.7 (0.59) 30.0 (0.59)

4 times poverty level or more ................... 100.00 27.0 (0.55) 73.0 (0.55) 32.6 (0.58) 40.5 (0.56)

Marital status:

Never married ............................ 100.00 39.0 (0.90) 61.0 (0.90) 25.8 (0.77) 35.2 (0.82)

Married ................................ 100.00 37.7 (0.57) 62.3 (0.57) 31.6 (0.49) 30.7 (0.47)

Cohabiting .............................. 100.00 40.4 (1.55) 59.6 (1.55) 28.2 (1.37) 31.4 (1.45)

Divorced or separated ....................... 100.00 41.6 (1.00) 58.4 (1.00) 25.1 (0.84) 33.3 (0.94)

Widowed ............................... 100.00 48.2 (6.56) 51.8 (6.56) 37.7 (6.61) 14.2 (2.18)

Geographic region:

Northeast ............................... 100.00 34.7 (0.91) 65.3 (0.91) 30.9 (0.85) 34.4 (0.93)

Midwest ................................ 100.00 33.5 (1.12) 66.5 (1.12) 32.7 (0.90) 33.8 (0.82)

South ................................. 100.00 44.3 (0.81) 55.7 (0.81) 25.9 (0.56) 29.7 (0.62)

West .................................. 100.00 35.5 (0.82) 64.5 (0.82) 29.8 (0.69) 34.7 (0.74)

Women

Ages 18 years and over (age-adjusted)3 ............. 100.00 41.1 (0.45) 58.9 (0.45) 30.0 (0.33) 28.9 (0.35)

Ages 18 years and over (crude)3 .................. 100.00 41.3 (0.45) 58.7 (0.45) 30.0 (0.33) 28.7 (0.35)

Age:4

18–24 years ............................. 100.00 36.6 (1.03) 63.4 (1.03) 30.5 (0.91) 32.9 (0.95)

25–44 years ............................. 100.00 36.6 (0.57) 63.4 (0.57) 31.3 (0.49) 32.1 (0.51)

45–64 years ............................. 100.00 39.7 (0.62) 60.3 (0.62) 31.6 (0.50) 28.7 (0.53)

65–74 years ............................. 100.00 50.0 (1.01) 50.0 (1.01) 27.0 (0.83) 23.0 (0.84)

75 years and over.......................... 100.00 65.0 (0.91) 35.0 (0.91) 20.9 (0.74) 14.0 (0.68)

Race:

White, single race .......................... 100.00 38.9 (0.48) 61.1 (0.48) 30.5 (0.36) 30.6 (0.40)

Black or African American, single race ............. 100.00 55.0 (0.87) 45.0 (0.87) 26.2 (0.69) 18.8 (0.58)

American Indian or Alaska Native, single race ........ 100.00 38.2 (3.12) 61.8 (3.12) 36.4 (2.70) 25.4 (2.62)

Asian, single race .......................... 100.00 42.9 (1.49) 57.1 (1.49) 30.3 (1.35) 26.8 (1.27)

Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander, single race.... 100.00 40.5 (5.38) 59.5 (5.38) *19.5 (7.02) 39.9 (9.83)

Two or more races ......................... 100.00 37.6 (2.39) 62.4 (2.39) 32.8 (2.31) 29.6 (2.32)

Black or African American, white ............... 100.00 46.2 (5.93) 53.8 (5.93) 29.7 (5.04) 24.1 (5.63)

American Indian or Alaska Native, white........... 100.00 37.4 (3.51) 62.6 (3.51) 34.1 (3.87) 28.5 (3.62)

See footnotes at end of table.
Series 10, No. 245 [ Page 43

Table 5.1. Age-adjusted percent distributions (with standard errors) of leisure-time physical activity status for adults 18 years of age and

over and age-adjusted percentages (with standard errors) of adults 18 years of age and over who engaged in some but less than regular

and regular leisure-time physical activity, by selected characteristics: United States, average annual, 2005–2007—Con.

Leisure-time physical activity status1

At least some2 Some,

less than

Selected characteristic Total Inactive (some+regular) regular Regular

Women—Con. Percent distribution (standard error) Percent (standard error)

Hispanic or Latino origin and race:

Hispanic or Latino .......................... 100.00 55.4 (0.80) 44.6 (0.80) 24.1 (0.65) 20.5 (0.65)

Mexican or Mexican American ................. 100.00 54.3 (1.03) 45.7 (1.03) 25.1 (0.84) 20.6 (0.89)

Not Hispanic or Latino ....................... 100.00 38.9 (0.49) 61.1 (0.49) 30.9 (0.36) 30.2 (0.39)

White, single race ........................ 100.00 35.8 (0.53) 64.2 (0.53) 31.6 (0.40) 32.5 (0.45)

Black or African American, single race ............ 100.00 54.8 (0.89) 45.2 (0.89) 26.3 (0.70) 18.9 (0.59)

Education:

Less than high school graduate ................. 100.00 62.7 (0.78) 37.3 (0.78) 21.9 (0.66) 15.4 (0.55)

GED diploma5 ............................ 100.00 57.6 (1.81) 42.4 (1.81) 25.3 (1.50) 17.1 (1.35)

High school graduate ........................ 100.00 48.4 (0.72) 51.6 (0.72) 29.3 (0.60) 22.3 (0.57)

Some college—no degree ..................... 100.00 36.0 (0.71) 64.0 (0.71) 32.8 (0.68) 31.2 (0.64)

Associate of arts degree ...................... 100.00 34.0 (0.89) 66.0 (0.89) 33.9 (0.89) 32.0 (0.91)

Bachelor of arts, science degree ................. 100.00 27.1 (0.73) 72.9 (0.73) 32.5 (0.74) 40.4 (0.79)

Masters, doctorate, medical degree ............... 100.00 21.0 (0.88) 79.0 (0.88) 34.1 (0.97) 45.0 (1.05)

Poverty status:6

Below poverty level ......................... 100.00 59.2 (0.84) 40.8 (0.84) 22.9 (0.65) 17.9 (0.62)

≥1 and <2 times poverty level .................. 100.00 51.7 (0.79) 48.3 (0.79) 26.9 (0.69) 21.4 (0.60)

≥2 and <4 times poverty level .................. 100.00 41.2 (0.67) 58.8 (0.67) 31.2 (0.53) 27.7 (0.56)

4 times poverty level or more ................... 100.00 28.6 (0.60) 71.4 (0.60) 33.5 (0.58) 37.9 (0.58)

Marital status:

Never married ............................ 100.00 42.5 (0.93) 57.5 (0.93) 29.3 (0.80) 28.2 (0.76)

Married ................................ 100.00 38.3 (0.53) 61.7 (0.53) 30.9 (0.44) 30.7 (0.47)

Cohabiting .............................. 100.00 42.2 (1.68) 57.8 (1.68) 30.3 (1.49) 27.5 (1.47)

Divorced or separated ....................... 100.00 45.5 (0.82) 54.5 (0.82) 29.4 (0.70) 25.1 (0.67)

Widowed ............................... 100.00 55.1 (2.81) 44.9 (2.81) 23.6 (2.42) 21.3 (2.14)

Geographic region:

Northeast ............................... 100.00 40.0 (0.91) 60.0 (0.91) 29.7 (0.79) 30.3 (0.75)

Midwest ................................ 100.00 35.3 (0.93) 64.7 (0.93) 34.3 (0.64) 30.4 (0.79)

South ................................. 100.00 47.4 (0.82) 52.6 (0.82) 27.1 (0.56) 25.4 (0.57)

West .................................. 100.00 37.1 (0.76) 62.9 (0.76) 30.6 (0.67) 32.3 (0.71)

* Estimates preceded by an asterisk have a relative standard error of greater than 30% and less than or equal to 50%. These should be interpreted with caution as they do not meet the standard of
 

reliability or precision.
 

1

Questions related to leisure-time physical activity were phrased in terms of current behavior and lack a specific reference period. ‘‘Inactive’’ is no light-moderate or vigorous leisure-time physical
 

activity lasting at least 10 minutes; ‘‘At least some’’ is some light-moderate or vigorous leisure-time physical activity lasting at least 10 minutes, regardless of the frequency or duration of the activity;
 

‘‘Some, less than regular’’ is some light-moderate or vigorous leisure-time physical activity lasting at least 10 minutes but the activity did not meet the definition for regular leisure-time physical activity;
 

‘‘Regular’’ is vigorous leisure-time physical activity at least three times per week lasting at least 20 minutes each time or light-moderate leisure-time physical activity at least five times per week lasting
 

at least 30 minutes each time or both.
 

2

Any vigorous or light-moderate leisure-time physical activity, regardless of frequency or duration. This category, which is the sum of the categories ‘‘some activity’’ and ‘‘regular actvity,’’ corresponds to
 

the category of the same name shown in earlier editions of this report (1997–1998, 1999–2001, and 2002–2004) with one small difference. In the earlier reports, adults for whom duration information
 

was missing were classified as having engaged in activity. Beginning with the current report, these adults were excluded from the denominator when calculating percentages in order to be consistent
 

with other published estimates.
 

3

Persons of other races and unknown race and ethnicity, unknown education, unknown poverty status, and unknown marital status are included in the total.
 

4

Estimates for age groups are not age adjusted.
 

5

GED is General Educational Development high school equivalency diploma.
 

6

Poverty status is based on family income and family size using the U.S. Census Bureau poverty thresholds for 2004, 2005, and 2006.
 

NOTES: Unless otherwise specified, estimates are age adjusted using the projected 2000 U.S. population as the standard population and using three age groups: 18–44 years, 45–64 years, and 65

years and over. For crude percentages, refer to Appendix Table XII. Denominator for each percentage excludes persons with unknown leisure-time physical activity status. See Appendix II for

definitions of terms. See Appendix III for health behavior questions.

DATA SOURCE: National Health Interview Survey, 2005–2007. Estimates are based on household interviews of a sample of the civilian noninstitutionalized population.
Page 44 [ Series 10, No. 245

Table 5.2. Age-adjusted percent distributions (with standard errors) of times per week engaged in light-moderate leisure-time physical

activity for adults 18 years of age and over, by selected characteristics: United States, average annual, 2005–2007

Times per week engaged in light-moderate activity1

Selected characteristic Total None2 Less than 13 1–2 3–4 5 or more

Both sexes Percent distribution (standard error)

Ages 18 years and over (age-adjusted)4 ............. 100.0 48.4 (0.40) 1.8 (0.06) 14.6 (0.20) 13.3 (0.18) 21.9 (0.26)

Ages 18 years and over (crude)4 .................. 100.0 48.4 (0.40) 1.8 (0.06) 14.6 (0.21) 13.3 (0.18) 21.9 (0.26)

Age:5

18–24 years ............................. 100.0 47.7 (0.86) 1.7 (0.20) 14.6 (0.50) 12.7 (0.50) 23.3 (0.67)

25–44 years ............................. 100.0 45.6 (0.50) 2.0 (0.10) 16.6 (0.30) 14.7 (0.28) 21.1 (0.35)

45–64 years ............................. 100.0 47.2 (0.50) 2.0 (0.12) 15.2 (0.32) 13.5 (0.28) 22.1 (0.37)

65–74 years ............................. 100.0 52.8 (0.81) 1.3 (0.16) 10.4 (0.45) 12.1 (0.44) 23.4 (0.68)

75 years and over.......................... 100.0 63.5 (0.78) 1.0 (0.14) 7.5 (0.40) 7.6 (0.37) 20.3 (0.61)

Race:

White, single race .......................... 100.0 46.7 (0.44) 1.8 (0.07) 15.2 (0.23) 13.7 (0.20) 22.6 (0.29)

Black or African American, single race ............. 100.0 60.3 (0.71) 1.8 (0.18) 11.0 (0.38) 10.7 (0.36) 16.3 (0.47)

American Indian or Alaska Native, single race ........ 100.0 46.9 (2.50) *4.5 (1.38) 13.3 (1.92) 12.8 (1.64) 22.6 (2.25)

Asian, single race .......................... 100.0 50.4 (1.09) 1.7 (0.33) 14.2 (0.67) 11.4 (0.79) 22.2 (1.00)

Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander, single race.... 100.0 52.5 (6.71) † *12.8 (4.11) 15.8 (4.34) 15.2 (4.38)

Two or more races ......................... 100.0 45.9 (2.00) 2.0 (0.57) 13.8 (1.29) 14.9 (1.55) 23.3 (1.83)

Black or African American, white ............... 100.0 55.0 (4.64) † 14.1 (3.30) 12.0 (3.26) 17.5 (3.32)

American Indian or Alaska Native, white........... 100.0 46.3 (2.91) *1.9 (0.83) 15.2 (2.08) 15.1 (2.29) 21.6 (2.37)

Hispanic or Latino origin and race:

Hispanic or Latino .......................... 100.0 62.3 (0.64) 1.6 (0.16) 10.8 (0.37) 9.7 (0.33) 15.6 (0.46)

Mexican or Mexican American ................. 100.0 62.0 (0.82) 1.5 (0.21) 11.4 (0.54) 9.6 (0.40) 15.5 (0.58)

Not Hispanic or Latino ....................... 100.0 46.2 (0.43) 1.8 (0.07) 15.2 (0.23) 13.9 (0.20) 22.9 (0.29)

White, single race ........................ 100.0 43.6 (0.48) 1.8 (0.08) 16.1 (0.26) 14.6 (0.23) 24.0 (0.33)

Black or African American, single race ............ 100.0 60.2 (0.73) 1.8 (0.18) 11.1 (0.39) 10.7 (0.36) 16.3 (0.48)

Education:

Less than high school graduate ................. 100.0 67.1 (0.64) 1.5 (0.16) 9.3 (0.35) 6.8 (0.29) 15.3 (0.45)

GED diploma6 ............................ 100.0 58.3 (1.39) 2.0 (0.37) 11.7 (0.94) 9.4 (0.75) 18.6 (1.12)

High school graduate ........................ 100.0 55.2 (0.61) 1.9 (0.13) 12.9 (0.34) 11.0 (0.31) 19.0 (0.41)

Some college—no degree ..................... 100.0 44.3 (0.62) 2.0 (0.14) 15.9 (0.42) 14.2 (0.38) 23.6 (0.47)

Associate of arts degree ...................... 100.0 41.6 (0.75) 1.9 (0.19) 16.3 (0.55) 15.5 (0.53) 24.7 (0.64)

Bachelor of arts, science degree ................. 100.0 35.3 (0.61) 1.8 (0.15) 18.1 (0.45) 18.2 (0.42) 26.6 (0.54)

Masters, doctorate, medical degree ............... 100.0 30.4 (0.73) 1.9 (0.21) 19.3 (0.62) 19.8 (0.64) 28.5 (0.69)

Poverty status:7

Below poverty level ......................... 100.0 64.1 (0.72) 1.3 (0.14) 9.3 (0.35) 7.9 (0.33) 17.5 (0.55)

≥1 and <2 times poverty level .................. 100.0 58.4 (0.67) 1.6 (0.15) 11.8 (0.36) 9.3 (0.33) 18.9 (0.45)

≥2 and <4 times poverty level .................. 100.0 49.2 (0.54) 2.0 (0.13) 14.1 (0.32) 13.2 (0.31) 21.5 (0.41)

4 times poverty level or more ................... 100.0 38.2 (0.48) 2.0 (0.11) 18.0 (0.36) 16.9 (0.30) 24.9 (0.38)

Marital status:

Never married ............................ 100.0 50.6 (0.69) 1.8 (0.20) 13.6 (0.46) 11.9 (0.37) 22.1 (0.51)

Married ................................ 100.0 46.1 (0.46) 1.9 (0.09) 15.7 (0.27) 14.3 (0.25) 21.9 (0.32)

Cohabiting .............................. 100.0 48.6 (1.17) 2.0 (0.34) 14.2 (0.75) 11.9 (0.70) 23.3 (0.99)

Divorced or separated ....................... 100.0 51.9 (0.66) 1.9 (0.18) 12.8 (0.42) 12.9 (0.42) 20.4 (0.51)

Widowed ............................... 100.0 59.4 (2.55) *1.3 (0.42) 11.3 (1.71) 10.5 (1.75) 17.6 (1.64)

Geographic region:

Northeast ............................... 100.0 48.5 (0.89) 1.7 (0.17) 15.0 (0.47) 12.4 (0.38) 22.3 (0.54)

Midwest ................................ 100.0 43.3 (0.91) 2.1 (0.14) 17.2 (0.50) 14.0 (0.42) 23.4 (0.61)

South ................................. 100.0 53.7 (0.67) 1.7 (0.10) 12.6 (0.30) 12.8 (0.29) 19.2 (0.43)

West .................................. 100.0 45.0 (0.72) 1.8 (0.12) 14.9 (0.40) 13.9 (0.37) 24.3 (0.54)

Men

Ages 18 years and over (age-adjusted)4 ............. 100.0 48.9 (0.49) 2.1 (0.10) 15.1 (0.29) 12.3 (0.25) 21.6 (0.34)

Ages 18 years and over (crude)4 .................. 100.0 48.7 (0.49) 2.1 (0.10) 15.3 (0.29) 12.3 (0.25) 21.6 (0.34)

Age:5

18–24 years ............................. 100.0 49.3 (1.21) 1.6 (0.29) 13.8 (0.73) 11.0 (0.71) 24.2 (0.96)

25–44 years ............................. 100.0 46.9 (0.67) 2.4 (0.16) 17.2 (0.43) 13.4 (0.40) 20.0 (0.48)

45–64 years ............................. 100.0 48.2 (0.65) 2.2 (0.18) 16.0 (0.45) 12.3 (0.40) 21.3 (0.50)

65–74 years ............................. 100.0 51.4 (1.10) 1.9 (0.29) 10.7 (0.67) 12.2 (0.68) 23.8 (0.93)

75 years and over.......................... 100.0 57.5 (1.25) 1.3 (0.27) 8.8 (0.73) 8.6 (0.65) 23.8 (1.02)

See footnotes at end of table.
Series 10, No. 245 [ Page 45

Table 5.2. Age-adjusted percent distributions (with standard errors) of times per week engaged in light-moderate leisure-time physical

activity for adults 18 years of age and over, by selected characteristics: United States, average annual, 2005–2007—Con.

Times per week engaged in light-moderate activity1

Selected characteristic Total None2 Less than 13 1–2 3–4 5 or more

Men—Con. Percent distribution (standard error)

Race:

White, single race .......................... 100.0 47.5 (0.55) 2.1 (0.11) 15.7 (0.33) 12.5 (0.28) 22.2 (0.38)

Black or African American, single race ............. 100.0 58.9 (1.00) 2.0 (0.35) 10.7 (0.58) 10.9 (0.57) 17.6 (0.73)

American Indian or Alaska Native, single race ........ 100.0 49.0 (3.97) *6.2 (2.57) 12.1 (2.83) 10.2 (2.10) 22.5 (2.98)

Asian, single race .......................... 100.0 50.8 (1.50) 1.3 (0.33) 15.9 (1.03) 11.4 (1.11) 20.7 (1.42)

Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander, single race.... 100.0 49.9 (9.79) † *11.0 (5.03) *18.4 (5.99) *13.9 (5.19)

Two or more races ......................... 100.0 48.3 (2.92) *2.8 (1.13) 14.9 (1.93) 14.1 (2.27) 20.0 (2.24)

Black or African American, white ............... 100.0 61.7 (6.92) † *13.9 (5.32) † 16.1 (4.56)

American Indian or Alaska Native, white........... 100.0 47.4 (4.04) † 17.0 (3.14) 15.9 (3.45) 17.2 (2.95)

Hispanic or Latino origin and race:

Hispanic or Latino .......................... 100.0 62.3 (0.91) 1.8 (0.26) 10.8 (0.55) 9.4 (0.51) 15.7 (0.69)

Mexican or Mexican American ................. 100.0 62.9 (1.17) 1.8 (0.34) 11.3 (0.78) 9.0 (0.61) 14.8 (0.83)

Not Hispanic or Latino ....................... 100.0 46.5 (0.54) 2.2 (0.11) 15.9 (0.32) 12.8 (0.28) 22.7 (0.37)

White, single race ........................ 100.0 44.3 (0.61) 2.2 (0.12) 16.7 (0.37) 13.2 (0.32) 23.5 (0.42)

Black or African American, single race ............ 100.0 58.8 (1.01) 2.0 (0.36) 10.8 (0.60) 10.9 (0.58) 17.5 (0.75)

Education:

Less than high school graduate ................. 100.0 67.0 (0.90) 1.9 (0.23) 9.4 (0.51) 6.2 (0.38) 15.5 (0.67)

GED diploma6 ............................ 100.0 54.4 (2.12) 2.4 (0.64) 13.7 (1.53) 9.3 (1.08) 20.1 (1.77)

High school graduate ........................ 100.0 55.8 (0.80) 2.1 (0.20) 13.4 (0.48) 10.2 (0.46) 18.6 (0.56)

Some college—no degree ..................... 100.0 45.1 (0.86) 2.3 (0.22) 16.3 (0.62) 13.3 (0.57) 23.1 (0.70)

Associate of arts degree ...................... 100.0 42.4 (1.17) 2.1 (0.30) 16.6 (0.86) 13.7 (0.75) 25.2 (0.98)

Bachelor of arts, science degree ................. 100.0 35.5 (0.82) 2.1 (0.23) 19.0 (0.65) 17.0 (0.60) 26.3 (0.73)

Masters, doctorate, medical degree ............... 100.0 31.1 (1.06) 2.5 (0.37) 20.6 (0.93) 18.4 (0.93) 27.4 (1.03)

Poverty status:7

Below poverty level ......................... 100.0 64.1 (1.12) 1.5 (0.27) 9.1 (0.56) 7.4 (0.52) 18.0 (0.93)

≥1 and <2 times poverty level .................. 100.0 59.2 (1.07) 1.7 (0.19) 11.6 (0.61) 8.4 (0.51) 19.1 (0.68)

≥2 and <4 times poverty level .................. 100.0 50.7 (0.73) 2.3 (0.19) 14.0 (0.44) 12.0 (0.45) 20.9 (0.57)

4 times poverty level or more ................... 100.0 39.2 (0.62) 2.3 (0.16) 18.9 (0.52) 15.4 (0.39) 24.1 (0.52)

Marital status:

Never married ............................ 100.0 50.8 (0.92) 1.8 (0.21) 13.0 (0.57) 11.1 (0.55) 23.3 (0.74)

Married ................................ 100.0 47.3 (0.60) 2.3 (0.14) 16.7 (0.40) 12.8 (0.33) 20.8 (0.44)

Cohabiting .............................. 100.0 49.1 (1.58) 2.3 (0.49) 13.5 (1.01) 11.6 (1.05) 23.5 (1.30)

Divorced or separated ....................... 100.0 52.1 (1.00) 2.2 (0.27) 12.5 (0.68) 12.6 (0.69) 20.6 (0.74)

Widowed ............................... 100.0 60.1 (5.93) *0.4 (0.20) 21.4 (5.49) 6.5 (1.87) 11.6 (1.73)

Geographic region:

Northeast ............................... 100.0 48.0 (1.08) 1.9 (0.23) 16.0 (0.67) 11.8 (0.57) 22.3 (0.76)

Midwest ................................ 100.0 44.3 (1.19) 2.7 (0.23) 17.1 (0.71) 12.6 (0.56) 23.3 (0.79)

South ................................. 100.0 54.1 (0.80) 1.9 (0.16) 13.1 (0.42) 11.8 (0.41) 19.0 (0.55)

West .................................. 100.0 46.0 (0.88) 2.0 (0.18) 15.5 (0.53) 12.9 (0.49) 23.5 (0.67)

Women

Ages 18 years and over (age-adjusted)4 ............. 100.0 47.9 (0.44) 1.5 (0.08) 14.2 (0.23) 14.3 (0.24) 22.2 (0.31)

Ages 18 years and over (crude)4 .................. 100.0 48.1 (0.44) 1.5 (0.08) 14.1 (0.23) 14.2 (0.23) 22.2 (0.31)

Age:5

18–24 years ............................. 100.0 46.2 (1.08) 1.8 (0.27) 15.3 (0.69) 14.3 (0.70) 22.4 (0.84)

25–44 years ............................. 100.0 44.2 (0.57) 1.6 (0.12) 16.0 (0.38) 16.0 (0.37) 22.2 (0.46)

45–64 years ............................. 100.0 46.2 (0.61) 1.8 (0.15) 14.5 (0.39) 14.6 (0.37) 22.9 (0.46)

65–74 years ............................. 100.0 53.9 (1.02) 0.9 (0.16) 10.1 (0.59) 12.1 (0.56) 23.0 (0.85)

75 years and over.......................... 100.0 67.4 (0.88) 0.8 (0.15) 6.7 (0.43) 6.9 (0.44) 18.1 (0.71)

Race:

White, single race .......................... 100.0 45.7 (0.48) 1.5 (0.09) 14.8 (0.27) 15.0 (0.27) 23.1 (0.35)

Black or African American, single race ............. 100.0 61.4 (0.85) 1.6 (0.17) 11.2 (0.47) 10.5 (0.44) 15.3 (0.59)

American Indian or Alaska Native, single race ........ 100.0 44.6 (3.25) *2.8 (1.12) 14.7 (2.18) 15.8 (2.55) 22.1 (2.61)

Asian, single race .......................... 100.0 50.2 (1.51) 2.0 (0.55) 12.6 (0.86) 11.5 (0.94) 23.6 (1.25)

Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander, single race.... 100.0 56.7 (7.54) – *14.5 (5.47) *10.6 (4.34) *18.1 (8.77)

Two or more races ......................... 100.0 44.0 (2.45) *1.5 (0.58) 12.7 (1.72) 15.5 (1.88) 26.3 (2.56)

Black or African American, white ............... 100.0 51.5 (6.03) † 14.0 (3.53) *15.9 (4.81) 17.8 (4.71)

American Indian or Alaska Native, white........... 100.0 45.2 (3.83) † 12.8 (2.56) 14.0 (2.77) 26.4 (3.56)

See footnotes at end of table.
Page 46 [ Series 10, No. 245

Table 5.2. Age-adjusted percent distributions (with standard errors) of times per week engaged in light-moderate leisure-time physical

activity for adults 18 years of age and over, by selected characteristics: United States, average annual, 2005–2007—Con.

Times per week engaged in light-moderate activity1

Selected characteristic Total None2 Less than 13 1–2 3–4 5 or more

Women—Con. Percent distribution (standard error)

Hispanic or Latino origin and race:

Hispanic or Latino .......................... 100.0 62.0 (0.78) 1.3 (0.18) 10.8 (0.48) 10.2 (0.43) 15.7 (0.56)

Mexican or Mexican American ................. 100.0 60.7 (1.04) 1.2 (0.21) 11.4 (0.69) 10.3 (0.56) 16.5 (0.77)

Not Hispanic or Latino ....................... 100.0 45.8 (0.48) 1.6 (0.08) 14.7 (0.26) 14.9 (0.26) 23.1 (0.35)

White, single race ........................ 100.0 42.7 (0.53) 1.5 (0.10) 15.5 (0.30) 15.8 (0.31) 24.4 (0.40)

Black or African American, single race ............ 100.0 61.2 (0.87) 1.6 (0.17) 11.3 (0.48) 10.6 (0.45) 15.3 (0.60)

Education:

Less than high school graduate ................. 100.0 67.0 (0.75) 1.2 (0.21) 9.3 (0.44) 7.4 (0.41) 15.2 (0.55)

GED diploma6 ............................ 100.0 62.4 (1.75) 1.5 (0.38) 9.5 (1.01) 9.6 (1.07) 17.0 (1.32)

High school graduate ........................ 100.0 54.5 (0.71) 1.6 (0.15) 12.4 (0.43) 11.8 (0.40) 19.6 (0.53)

Some college—no degree ..................... 100.0 43.5 (0.75) 1.8 (0.19) 15.6 (0.53) 15.0 (0.50) 24.0 (0.58)

Associate of arts degree ...................... 100.0 40.8 (0.92) 1.7 (0.24) 16.1 (0.68) 16.9 (0.71) 24.5 (0.82)

Bachelor of arts, science degree ................. 100.0 35.1 (0.79) 1.4 (0.19) 17.3 (0.58) 19.3 (0.59) 26.9 (0.71)

Masters, doctorate, medical degree ............... 100.0 29.9 (1.00) 1.4 (0.24) 18.0 (0.85) 21.0 (0.86) 29.7 (0.96)

Poverty status:7

Below poverty level ......................... 100.0 64.1 (0.78) 1.1 (0.13) 9.4 (0.43) 8.2 (0.41) 17.3 (0.60)

≥1 and <2 times poverty level .................. 100.0 57.5 (0.78) 1.6 (0.21) 11.9 (0.46) 10.1 (0.41) 18.9 (0.56)

≥2 and <4 times poverty level .................. 100.0 47.7 (0.64) 1.6 (0.16) 14.3 (0.42) 14.4 (0.40) 22.0 (0.52)

4 times poverty level or more ................... 100.0 37.0 (0.61) 1.6 (0.14) 17.1 (0.43) 18.5 (0.44) 25.8 (0.51)

Marital status:

Never married ............................ 100.0 50.0 (0.92) 1.8 (0.33) 14.1 (0.63) 12.8 (0.52) 21.2 (0.71)

Married ................................ 100.0 45.1 (0.53) 1.5 (0.10) 14.7 (0.32) 15.7 (0.33) 23.0 (0.40)

Cohabiting .............................. 100.0 48.4 (1.70) 1.7 (0.45) 14.9 (1.04) 11.9 (0.90) 23.1 (1.48)

Divorced or separated ....................... 100.0 51.8 (0.82) 1.7 (0.24) 13.1 (0.52) 13.1 (0.52) 20.4 (0.68)

Widowed ............................... 100.0 59.2 (2.77) *1.5 (0.53) 8.4 (1.45) 11.6 (2.13) 19.3 (1.99)

Geographic region:

Northeast ............................... 100.0 48.8 (1.00) 1.5 (0.22) 14.1 (0.56) 13.0 (0.51) 22.5 (0.74)

Midwest ................................ 100.0 42.2 (0.88) 1.5 (0.14) 17.4 (0.51) 15.4 (0.53) 23.5 (0.67)

South ................................. 100.0 53.3 (0.77) 1.5 (0.12) 12.1 (0.35) 13.7 (0.39) 19.5 (0.49)

West .................................. 100.0 43.9 (0.82) 1.7 (0.16) 14.3 (0.49) 15.0 (0.49) 25.2 (0.67)

* Estimates preceded by an asterisk have a relative standard error of greater than 30% and less than or equal to 50%. These should be interpreted with caution as they do not meet the standard of

reliability or precision.

† Estimates with a relative standard error greater than 50% are indicated with a dagger, but are not shown.

– Qunatity zero.

1

Light-moderate activity refers to leisure-time physical activities that cause only light sweating or a light to moderate increase in breathing or heart rate and are done for at least 10 minutes per
 

episode.
 

2

‘‘None’’ may include individuals who engaged in only vigorous activity.
 

3

‘‘Less than 1’’ refers to frequencies of light-moderate activities lasting 10 minutes per episode that occurred less than one time per week (for example, three times per month.)
 

4

Persons of other races and unknown race and ethnicity, unknown education, unknown poverty status, and unknown marital status are included in the total.
 

5

Estimates for age groups are not age adjusted.
 

6

GED is General Educational Development high school equivalency diploma.
 

7

Poverty status is based on family income and family size using the U.S. Census Bureau poverty thresholds for 2004, 2005, and 2006.
 

NOTES: Unless otherwise specified, estimates are age adjusted using the projected 2000 U.S. population as the standard population and using three age groups: 18–44 years, 45–64 years, and 65

years and over. For crude percent distributions, refer to Appendix Table XIII. Denominator for each percent distribution excludes persons with unknown light-moderate leisure-time physical activity

status. See Appendix II for definitions of terms. See Appendix III for health behavior questions.

DATA SOURCE: National Health Interview Survey, 2005–2007. Estimates are based on household interviews of a sample of the civilian noninstitutionalized population.
Series 10, No. 245 [ Page 47

Table 5.3. Age-adjusted percent distributions (with standard errors) of times per week engaged in vigorous leisure-time physical activity for

adults 18 years of age and over, by selected characteristics: United States, average annual, 2005–2007

Times per week engaged in vigorous activity1

Selected characteristic Total None2 Less than 13 1–2 3–4 5 or more

Both sexes Percent distribution (standard error)

Ages 18 years and over (age-adjusted)4 ............. 100.0 61.5 (0.35) 2.6 (0.08) 11.7 (0.18) 13.0 (0.18) 11.1 (0.18)

Ages 18 years and over (crude)4 .................. 100.0 61.7 (0.36) 2.6 (0.08) 11.6 (0.18) 13.0 (0.18) 11.0 (0.18)

Age:5

18–24 years ............................. 100.0 48.8 (0.84) 3.3 (0.26) 15.8 (0.54) 16.7 (0.58) 15.5 (0.56)

25–44 years ............................. 100.0 54.2 (0.50) 3.2 (0.13) 14.8 (0.30) 16.1 (0.29) 11.6 (0.25)

45–64 years ............................. 100.0 64.7 (0.49) 2.5 (0.13) 10.3 (0.25) 11.7 (0.27) 10.8 (0.27)

65–74 years ............................. 100.0 78.4 (0.62) 1.1 (0.14) 5.0 (0.32) 7.1 (0.37) 8.3 (0.39)

75 years and over.......................... 100.0 88.5 (0.48) 0.7 (0.12) 2.6 (0.23) 3.3 (0.27) 4.8 (0.31)

Race:

White, single race .......................... 100.0 60.2 (0.39) 2.7 (0.09) 12.1 (0.21) 13.5 (0.20) 11.5 (0.20)

Black or African American, single race ............. 100.0 69.3 (0.65) 2.1 (0.20) 9.6 (0.36) 10.5 (0.40) 8.4 (0.33)

American Indian or Alaska Native, single race ........ 100.0 71.8 (2.11) *2.4 (0.75) 8.1 (1.11) 6.9 (1.09) 10.7 (1.85)

Asian, single race .......................... 100.0 63.6 (0.99) 2.6 (0.34) 11.5 (0.65) 11.6 (0.73) 10.6 (0.74)

Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander, single race.... 100.0 68.0 (4.47) – *6.4 (3.05) 17.4 (4.08) *8.1 (3.07)

Two or more races ......................... 100.0 59.4 (1.92) 3.2 (0.75) 11.2 (1.24) 13.9 (1.40) 12.4 (1.25)

Black or African American, white ............... 100.0 63.2 (4.52) † 10.4 (2.91) 14.5 (3.32) 9.7 (2.47)

American Indian or Alaska Native, white........... 100.0 61.9 (2.89) *2.8 (0.97) 10.0 (1.91) 11.8 (1.81) 13.6 (2.08)

Hispanic or Latino origin and race:

Hispanic or Latino .......................... 100.0 72.7 (0.58) 1.8 (0.15) 8.6 (0.32) 8.8 (0.34) 8.1 (0.35)

Mexican or Mexican American ................. 100.0 73.2 (0.74) 1.8 (0.18) 9.0 (0.41) 8.5 (0.45) 7.5 (0.42)

Not Hispanic or Latino ....................... 100.0 59.7 (0.38) 2.8 (0.09) 12.2 (0.20) 13.8 (0.20) 11.6 (0.20)

White, single race ........................ 100.0 57.7 (0.43) 2.9 (0.10) 12.8 (0.24) 14.5 (0.23) 12.2 (0.23)

Black or African American, single race ............ 100.0 69.3 (0.67) 2.2 (0.21) 9.7 (0.37) 10.6 (0.40) 8.3 (0.33)

Education:

Less than high school graduate ................. 100.0 79.3 (0.50) 1.6 (0.14) 6.6 (0.30) 5.2 (0.26) 7.3 (0.34)

GED diploma6 ............................ 100.0 71.5 (1.33) 2.0 (0.36) 9.4 (0.75) 6.7 (0.75) 10.4 (0.93)

High school graduate ........................ 100.0 70.0 (0.53) 2.2 (0.14) 10.0 (0.30) 9.0 (0.30) 8.9 (0.27)

Some college—no degree ..................... 100.0 57.8 (0.59) 3.0 (0.18) 13.0 (0.37) 14.3 (0.38) 11.8 (0.36)

Associate of arts degree ...................... 100.0 57.4 (0.74) 3.0 (0.23) 13.0 (0.50) 14.5 (0.53) 12.1 (0.50)

Bachelor of arts, science degree ................. 100.0 46.7 (0.60) 3.4 (0.21) 15.2 (0.42) 20.6 (0.44) 14.1 (0.40)

Masters, doctorate, medical degree ............... 100.0 42.6 (0.75) 3.4 (0.27) 15.8 (0.61) 22.0 (0.64) 16.2 (0.60)

Poverty status:7

Below poverty level ......................... 100.0 76.1 (0.71) 1.6 (0.15) 8.0 (0.34) 6.6 (0.36) 7.7 (0.37)

≥1 and <2 times poverty level .................. 100.0 73.0 (0.58) 1.9 (0.15) 8.5 (0.32) 8.2 (0.34) 8.4 (0.36)

≥2 and <4 times poverty level .................. 100.0 63.2 (0.49) 2.6 (0.14) 11.9 (0.31) 12.0 (0.30) 10.3 (0.28)

4 times poverty level or more ................... 100.0 50.3 (0.49) 3.2 (0.15) 14.3 (0.32) 18.3 (0.32) 13.9 (0.30)

Marital status:

Never married ............................ 100.0 60.9 (0.60) 2.6 (0.17) 11.5 (0.37) 13.3 (0.38) 11.7 (0.35)

Married ................................ 100.0 61.1 (0.41) 2.8 (0.11) 12.1 (0.23) 13.3 (0.23) 10.8 (0.23)

Cohabiting .............................. 100.0 62.7 (1.07) 2.2 (0.24) 12.1 (0.63) 12.3 (0.74) 10.7 (0.68)

Divorced or separated ....................... 100.0 65.9 (0.64) 2.2 (0.19) 9.6 (0.37) 12.1 (0.44) 10.2 (0.36)

Widowed ............................... 100.0 76.1 (2.33) *1.4 (0.49) 7.6 (1.83) 6.1 (1.05) 8.9 (1.38)

Geographic region:

Northeast ............................... 100.0 59.8 (0.66) 2.7 (0.19) 12.2 (0.41) 14.3 (0.45) 11.1 (0.39)

Midwest ................................ 100.0 57.8 (0.84) 3.3 (0.19) 13.3 (0.40) 13.5 (0.39) 12.1 (0.41)

South ................................. 100.0 65.7 (0.59) 2.1 (0.11) 10.4 (0.30) 11.9 (0.28) 9.9 (0.27)

West .................................. 100.0 60.0 (0.68) 2.7 (0.15) 11.8 (0.34) 13.6 (0.38) 12.0 (0.39)

Men

Ages 18 years and over (age-adjusted)4 ............. 100.0 56.6 (0.43) 3.1 (0.13) 13.7 (0.27) 13.7 (0.24) 12.9 (0.26)

Ages 18 years and over (crude)4 .................. 100.0 56.3 (0.45) 3.1 (0.13) 13.8 (0.27) 13.8 (0.25) 12.9 (0.26)

Age:5

18–24 years ............................. 100.0 41.4 (1.13) 3.4 (0.40) 17.3 (0.79) 18.5 (0.85) 19.4 (0.90)

25–44 years ............................. 100.0 49.0 (0.66) 3.8 (0.21) 17.5 (0.46) 16.4 (0.39) 13.2 (0.36)

45–64 years ............................. 100.0 61.2 (0.61) 3.1 (0.23) 11.8 (0.37) 12.3 (0.38) 11.6 (0.38)

65–74 years ............................. 100.0 74.0 (0.95) 1.6 (0.26) 6.5 (0.54) 7.8 (0.54) 10.2 (0.64)

75 years and over.......................... 100.0 83.5 (0.84) 0.9 (0.19) 3.6 (0.43) 4.4 (0.48) 7.6 (0.63)

See footnotes at end of table.
Page 48 [ Series 10, No. 245

Table 5.3. Age-adjusted percent distributions (with standard errors) of times per week engaged in vigorous leisure-time physical activity for

adults 18 years of age and over, by selected characteristics: United States, average annual, 2005–2007—Con.

Times per week engaged in vigorous activity1

Selected characteristic Total None2 Less than 13 1–2 3–4 5 or more

Men Percent distribution (standard error)

Race:

White, single race .......................... 100.0 55.9 (0.48) 3.2 (0.14) 14.0 (0.31) 13.8 (0.27) 13.1 (0.29)

Black or African American, single race ............. 100.0 61.4 (0.98) 2.5 (0.38) 11.4 (0.59) 13.2 (0.69) 11.4 (0.58)

American Indian or Alaska Native, single race ........ 100.0 67.6 (3.27) *3.8 (1.47) 8.9 (1.70) 7.8 (1.67) 12.0 (3.10)

Asian, single race .......................... 100.0 56.8 (1.47) 2.8 (0.56) 14.3 (1.04) 14.1 (1.16) 12.0 (1.32)

Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander, single race.... 100.0 68.8 (6.69) – † *15.5 (5.29) †

Two or more races ......................... 100.0 56.3 (2.76) 4.6 (1.35) 12.9 (1.98) 13.9 (1.82) 12.3 (1.81)

Black or African American, white ............... 100.0 62.4 (6.79) † *10.1 (4.78) *15.1 (4.92) *10.1 (3.73)

American Indian or Alaska Native, white........... 100.0 58.6 (4.05) *4.6 (1.77) 11.4 (2.92) 12.8 (2.49) 12.5 (2.62)

Hispanic or Latino origin and race:

Hispanic or Latino .......................... 100.0 67.4 (0.83) 2.2 (0.25) 10.9 (0.51) 10.2 (0.51) 9.4 (0.59)

Mexican or Mexican American ................. 100.0 68.1 (1.03) 2.0 (0.28) 11.2 (0.65) 10.3 (0.67) 8.4 (0.63)

Not Hispanic or Latino ....................... 100.0 54.7 (0.48) 3.3 (0.14) 14.2 (0.30) 14.4 (0.27) 13.5 (0.29)

White, single race ........................ 100.0 53.4 (0.54) 3.3 (0.15) 14.6 (0.36) 14.6 (0.31) 14.0 (0.33)

Black or African American, single race ............ 100.0 61.4 (1.01) 2.6 (0.39) 11.5 (0.61) 13.2 (0.71) 11.3 (0.59)

Education:

Less than high school graduate ................. 100.0 74.5 (0.77) 2.2 (0.24) 8.2 (0.47) 6.2 (0.40) 9.0 (0.56)

GED diploma6 ............................ 100.0 63.8 (2.02) 2.4 (0.56) 12.0 (1.23) 8.3 (1.22) 13.5 (1.56)

High school graduate ........................ 100.0 65.5 (0.70) 2.8 (0.23) 11.6 (0.46) 9.7 (0.40) 10.4 (0.41)

Some college—no degree ..................... 100.0 52.4 (0.83) 3.4 (0.29) 15.3 (0.57) 14.9 (0.56) 14.0 (0.57)

Associate of arts degree ...................... 100.0 51.6 (1.13) 3.3 (0.35) 15.7 (0.87) 15.4 (0.82) 14.0 (0.78)

Bachelor of arts, science degree ................. 100.0 41.4 (0.80) 4.0 (0.34) 17.3 (0.63) 21.2 (0.62) 16.0 (0.61)

Masters, doctorate, medical degree ............... 100.0 37.5 (1.03) 3.7 (0.42) 18.7 (0.95) 22.3 (0.94) 17.8 (0.92)

Poverty status:7

Below poverty level ......................... 100.0 71.3 (1.00) 1.9 (0.28) 9.6 (0.57) 7.5 (0.53) 9.6 (0.63)

≥1 and <2 times poverty level .................. 100.0 69.3 (0.86) 2.3 (0.24) 9.8 (0.50) 8.9 (0.50) 9.7 (0.59)

≥2 and <4 times poverty level .................. 100.0 59.2 (0.65) 3.0 (0.22) 13.6 (0.47) 12.4 (0.40) 11.8 (0.44)

4 times poverty level or more ................... 100.0 45.8 (0.59) 3.7 (0.22) 16.3 (0.45) 18.4 (0.41) 15.8 (0.43)

Marital status:

Never married ............................ 100.0 57.8 (0.79) 2.7 (0.26) 11.7 (0.45) 14.1 (0.52) 13.7 (0.53)

Married ................................ 100.0 57.0 (0.53) 3.4 (0.18) 14.7 (0.38) 13.2 (0.31) 11.7 (0.33)

Cohabiting .............................. 100.0 58.5 (1.45) 2.6 (0.38) 13.0 (0.86) 13.3 (1.07) 12.5 (1.01)

Divorced or separated ....................... 100.0 58.5 (0.99) 2.9 (0.34) 10.9 (0.62) 14.6 (0.77) 13.1 (0.66)

Widowed ............................... 100.0 69.3 (6.30) *0.7 (0.22) *18.8 (6.30) 3.2 (0.56) 8.1 (2.18)

Geographic region:

Northeast ............................... 100.0 53.8 (0.88) 3.5 (0.31) 14.8 (0.66) 15.2 (0.65) 12.8 (0.59)

Midwest ................................ 100.0 53.6 (0.99) 3.9 (0.32) 14.6 (0.60) 13.7 (0.48) 14.2 (0.57)

South ................................. 100.0 60.5 (0.73) 2.4 (0.19) 12.6 (0.44) 12.8 (0.38) 11.7 (0.40)

West .................................. 100.0 55.6 (0.87) 3.1 (0.23) 13.6 (0.53) 14.2 (0.50) 13.5 (0.58)

Women

Ages 18 years and over (age-adjusted)4 ............. 100.0 66.1 (0.39) 2.2 (0.09) 9.9 (0.20) 12.4 (0.23) 9.4 (0.20)

Ages 18 years and over (crude)4 .................. 100.0 66.7 (0.39) 2.1 (0.09) 9.7 (0.20) 12.1 (0.23) 9.3 (0.20)

Age:5

18–24 years ............................. 100.0 56.1 (1.09) 3.2 (0.33) 14.2 (0.77) 14.9 (0.72) 11.6 (0.65)

25–44 years ............................. 100.0 59.3 (0.56) 2.7 (0.16) 12.1 (0.32) 15.9 (0.41) 10.1 (0.30)

45–64 years ............................. 100.0 68.0 (0.60) 2.0 (0.14) 8.9 (0.34) 11.1 (0.34) 10.0 (0.35)

65–74 years ............................. 100.0 82.1 (0.71) 0.8 (0.15) 3.8 (0.35) 6.6 (0.48) 6.7 (0.46)

75 years and over.......................... 100.0 91.6 (0.51) 0.6 (0.15) 2.0 (0.23) 2.7 (0.29) 3.1 (0.31)

Race:

White, single race .......................... 100.0 64.3 (0.44) 2.2 (0.11) 10.3 (0.23) 13.3 (0.27) 9.9 (0.23)

Black or African American, single race ............. 100.0 75.8 (0.67) 1.8 (0.18) 8.0 (0.42) 8.3 (0.39) 6.0 (0.34)

American Indian or Alaska Native, single race ........ 100.0 75.2 (2.80) *1.2 (0.55) 7.5 (1.44) 6.2 (1.43) 9.9 (2.09)

Asian, single race .......................... 100.0 70.2 (1.28) 2.5 (0.40) 8.8 (0.77) 9.2 (0.77) 9.4 (0.76)

Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander, single race.... 100.0 65.6 (6.27) – † *19.4 (6.04) †

Two or more races ......................... 100.0 62.3 (2.45) *1.9 (0.71) 9.6 (1.34) 13.9 (2.15) 12.2 (1.55)

Black or African American, white ............... 100.0 64.8 (5.86) † *10.5 (3.55) *13.9 (4.52) *8.6 (3.07)

American Indian or Alaska Native, white........... 100.0 65.3 (3.47) † 8.4 (2.13) 10.7 (2.71) 14.8 (3.14)

See footnotes at end of table.
Series 10, No. 245 [ Page 49

Table 5.3. Age-adjusted percent distributions (with standard errors) of times per week engaged in vigorous leisure-time physical activity for

adults 18 years of age and over, by selected characteristics: United States, average annual, 2005–2007—Con.

Times per week engaged in vigorous activity1

Selected characteristic Total None2 Less than 13 1–2 3–4 5 or more

Women Percent distribution (standard error)

Hispanic or Latino origin and race:

Hispanic or Latino .......................... 100.0 78.2 (0.67) 1.4 (0.17) 6.2 (0.34) 7.3 (0.41) 6.9 (0.40)

Mexican or Mexican American ................. 100.0 78.8 (0.88) 1.5 (0.23) 6.6 (0.44) 6.6 (0.51) 6.5 (0.55)

Not Hispanic or Latino ....................... 100.0 64.3 (0.42) 2.3 (0.10) 10.5 (0.23) 13.2 (0.25) 9.8 (0.23)

White, single race ........................ 100.0 61.7 (0.49) 2.4 (0.12) 11.1 (0.26) 14.4 (0.30) 10.4 (0.27)

Black or African American, single race ............ 100.0 75.7 (0.68) 1.8 (0.19) 8.1 (0.44) 8.4 (0.40) 6.0 (0.35)

Education:

Less than high school graduate ................. 100.0 84.5 (0.56) 1.0 (0.15) 4.9 (0.33) 4.1 (0.31) 5.5 (0.35)

GED diploma6 ............................ 100.0 79.8 (1.45) 1.6 (0.46) 6.6 (0.84) 4.9 (0.72) 7.1 (0.96)

High school graduate ........................ 100.0 74.7 (0.63) 1.6 (0.15) 8.3 (0.36) 8.1 (0.47) 7.3 (0.33)

Some college—no degree ..................... 100.0 62.6 (0.70) 2.6 (0.22) 11.0 (0.48) 13.8 (0.48) 10.0 (0.42)

Associate of arts degree ...................... 100.0 61.9 (0.89) 2.7 (0.30) 10.9 (0.56) 13.7 (0.69) 10.7 (0.59)

Bachelor of arts, science degree ................. 100.0 51.8 (0.77) 2.8 (0.22) 13.1 (0.52) 20.1 (0.59) 12.2 (0.47)

Masters, doctorate, medical degree ............... 100.0 47.7 (1.03) 3.1 (0.36) 13.2 (0.68) 21.4 (0.85) 14.6 (0.75)

Poverty status:7

Below poverty level ......................... 100.0 79.6 (0.74) 1.3 (0.15) 6.8 (0.43) 5.9 (0.37) 6.4 (0.39)

≥1 and <2 times poverty level .................. 100.0 76.2 (0.63) 1.6 (0.18) 7.3 (0.36) 7.5 (0.40) 7.4 (0.37)

≥2 and <4 times poverty level .................. 100.0 67.0 (0.61) 2.2 (0.17) 10.3 (0.36) 11.7 (0.44) 8.9 (0.35)

4 times poverty level or more ................... 100.0 55.1 (0.62) 2.7 (0.18) 12.1 (0.38) 18.2 (0.45) 11.9 (0.37)

Marital status:

Never married ............................ 100.0 64.6 (0.83) 2.6 (0.23) 11.3 (0.61) 12.2 (0.49) 9.3 (0.44)

Married ................................ 100.0 65.0 (0.47) 2.3 (0.13) 9.6 (0.25) 13.4 (0.31) 9.8 (0.28)

Cohabiting .............................. 100.0 67.7 (1.39) 1.7 (0.30) 11.3 (0.97) 10.8 (0.86) 8.5 (0.78)

Divorced or separated ....................... 100.0 71.0 (0.74) 1.7 (0.22) 8.8 (0.46) 10.3 (0.45) 8.2 (0.39)

Widowed ............................... 100.0 78.0 (2.22) *1.6 (0.63) 4.3 (0.85) 7.0 (1.35) 9.1 (1.64)

Geographic region:

Northeast ............................... 100.0 65.1 (0.82) 2.1 (0.24) 9.8 (0.49) 13.5 (0.54) 9.6 (0.47)

Midwest ................................ 100.0 61.8 (0.92) 2.7 (0.21) 12.1 (0.45) 13.3 (0.52) 10.1 (0.46)

South ................................. 100.0 70.5 (0.63) 1.8 (0.14) 8.5 (0.32) 11.0 (0.36) 8.2 (0.31)

West .................................. 100.0 64.4 (0.75) 2.3 (0.20) 9.9 (0.38) 12.9 (0.48) 10.5 (0.43)

* Estimates preceded by an asterisk have a relative standard error of greater than 30% and less than or equal to 50%. These should be interpreted with caution as they do not meet the standard of
 

reliability or precision.
 

– Quantity zero.
 

† Estimates with a relative standard error greater than 50% are indicated with a dagger, but are not shown.
 

1

Vigorous activity refers to leisure-time physical activities that cause heavy sweating or large increases in breathing or heart rate and are done for at least 10 minutes per episode.
 

2

‘‘None’’ may include individuals who engaged in only light-moderate activity.
 

3

‘‘Less than 1’’ refers to frequencies of vigorous activities lasting 10 minutes per episode that occurred less than one time per week (for example, three times per month.)
 

4

Persons of other races and unknown race and ethnicity, unknown education, unknown poverty status, and unknown marital status are included in the total.
 

5

Estimates for age groups are not age adjusted.
 

6

GED is General Educational Development high school equivalency diploma.
 

7

Poverty status is based on family income and family size using the U.S. Census Bureau poverty thresholds for 2004, 2005, and 2006.
 

NOTES: Unless otherwise specified, estimates are age adjusted using the projected 2000 U.S. population as the standard population and using three age groups: 18–44 years, 45–64 years, and 65

years and over. For crude percent distributions, refer to Appendix Table XIV. Denominator for each percent distribution excludes persons with unknown vigorous leisure-time physical activity status. See

Appendix II for definitions of terms. See Appendix III for health behavior questions.

DATA SOURCE: National Health Interview Survey, 2005–2007. Estimates are based on household interviews of a sample of the civilian noninstitutionalized population.
Page 50 [ Series 10, No. 245

Table 5.4. Age-adjusted percentages (with standard errors) of adults 18 years of age and over who engaged in regular leisure-time physical

activity, by type of activity and selected characteristics: United States, average annual, 2005–2007

Regular activity1

Selected characteristic Light-moderate Vigorous Any

Both sexes Percent (standard error)

Ages 18 years and over (age-adjusted)2 ............. 14.1 (0.20) 22.4 (0.25) 30.7 (0.29)

Ages 18 years and over (crude)2 .................. 14.1 (0.20) 22.3 (0.25) 30.6 (0.29)

Age:3

18–24 years ............................. 15.9 (0.54) 30.2 (0.75) 37.5 (0.76)

25–44 years ............................. 13.2 (0.28) 26.1 (0.36) 33.0 (0.40)

45–64 years ............................. 14.4 (0.30) 20.8 (0.38) 29.5 (0.43)

65–74 years ............................. 15.6 (0.56) 13.9 (0.52) 25.4 (0.67)

75 years and over.......................... 12.5 (0.51) 7.0 (0.37) 17.4 (0.60)

Race:

White, single race . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14.7 (0.22) 23.4 (0.28) 31.8 (0.32)

Black or African American, single race ............. 9.9 (0.37) 17.2 (0.49) 23.2 (0.55)

American Indian or Alaska Native, single race ........ 14.8 (1.95) 16.3 (1.93) 26.3 (2.30)

Asian, single race . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13.7 (0.79) 20.4 (0.82) 29.7 (0.96)

Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander, single race.... *12.9 (4.20) 25.4 (4.84) 30.8 (5.48)

Two or more races ......................... 14.3 (1.58) 23.4 (1.60) 29.7 (1.76)

Black or African American, white ............... 11.9 (2.71) 23.2 (4.09) 27.7 (4.22)

American Indian or Alaska Native, white........... 13.2 (1.98) 21.5 (2.42) 27.2 (2.58)

Hispanic or Latino origin and race:

Hispanic or Latino .......................... 10.3 (0.37) 15.5 (0.46) 22.3 (0.52)

Mexican or Mexican American . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10.6 (0.49) 14.6 (0.59) 22.0 (0.69)

Not Hispanic or Latino ....................... 14.7 (0.22) 23.6 (0.28) 32.0 (0.32)

White, single race ........................ 15.5 (0.25) 25.0 (0.32) 33.8 (0.36)

Black or African American, single race ............ 9.9 (0.38) 17.1 (0.50) 23.1 (0.56)

Education:

Less than high school graduate ................. 10.1 (0.37) 10.9 (0.39) 17.8 (0.48)

GED diploma4 ............................ 12.2 (0.99) 14.6 (1.07) 21.7 (1.20)

High school graduate ........................ 12.0 (0.32) 16.2 (0.37) 23.9 (0.44)

Some college—no degree ..................... 15.2 (0.39) 24.3 (0.49) 32.8 (0.53)

Associate of arts degree ...................... 16.6 (0.55) 24.8 (0.64) 34.2 (0.72)

Bachelor of arts, science degree ................. 17.1 (0.46) 33.1 (0.55) 42.3 (0.60)

Masters, doctorate, medical degree ............... 18.3 (0.58) 36.9 (0.75) 46.2 (0.76)

Poverty status:5

Below poverty level ......................... 10.9 (0.40) 12.8 (0.56) 19.9 (0.61)

≥1 and <2 times poverty level .................. 12.5 (0.36) 14.8 (0.49) 22.8 (0.54)

≥2 and <4 times poverty level .................. 13.8 (0.33) 20.6 (0.37) 28.8 (0.42)

4 times poverty level or more ................... 16.1 (0.30) 30.6 (0.39) 39.2 (0.41)

Marital status:

Never married ............................ 14.6 (0.43) 23.4 (0.49) 31.9 (0.58)

Married ................................ 14.1 (0.26) 22.3 (0.32) 30.8 (0.36)

Cohabiting .............................. 15.4 (0.85) 20.9 (0.89) 29.7 (1.03)

Divorced or separated ....................... 12.8 (0.42) 20.6 (0.53) 28.4 (0.58)

Widowed ............................... 10.6 (1.18) 13.6 (1.63) 19.7 (1.79)

Geographic region:

Northeast ............................... 13.6 (0.41) 23.9 (0.56) 32.2 (0.61)

Midwest . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14.7 (0.45) 23.7 (0.55) 32.0 (0.66)

South ................................. 12.7 (0.33) 20.2 (0.41) 27.4 (0.48)

West . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16.2 (0.44) 23.8 (0.52) 33.5 (0.57)

Men

Ages 18 years and over (age-adjusted)2 ............. 14.5 (0.27) 24.7 (0.33) 32.6 (0.38)

Ages 18 years and over (crude)2 .................. 14.4 (0.27) 24.9 (0.34) 32.7 (0.38)

Age:3

18–24 years ............................. 17.0 (0.81) 35.5 (1.13) 42.3 (1.12)

25–44 years ............................. 13.0 (0.40) 27.7 (0.49) 34.0 (0.54)

45–64 years ............................. 14.0 (0.40) 22.2 (0.51) 30.4 (0.56)

65–74 years ............................. 17.3 (0.81) 16.1 (0.78) 28.2 (0.96)

75 years and over.......................... 15.7 (0.88) 10.4 (0.72) 22.5 (0.99)

See footnotes at end of table.
Series 10, No. 245 [ Page 51

Table 5.4. Age-adjusted percentages (with standard errors) of adults 18 years of age and over who engaged in regular leisure-time physical

activity, by type of activity and selected characteristics: United States, average annual, 2005–2007—Con.

Regular activity1

Selected characteristic Light-moderate Vigorous Any

Men—Con Percent (standard error)

Race:

White, single race . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14.9 (0.30) 25.2 (0.37) 33.2 (0.42)

Black or African American, single race ............. 11.4 (0.62) 22.4 (0.85) 28.6 (0.92)

American Indian or Alaska Native, single race ........ 16.2 (2.80) 18.5 (3.16) 27.0 (3.34)

Asian, single race . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13.6 (1.20) 23.6 (1.30) 32.6 (1.41)

Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander, single race.... *9.1 (4.09) 23.3 (6.18) 23.3 (6.18)

Two or more races ......................... 13.0 (1.86) 22.9 (2.24) 29.8 (2.56)

Black or African American, white ............... 15.4 (4.54) 25.2 (5.70) 31.4 (5.82)

American Indian or Alaska Native, white........... 10.3 (2.27) 21.2 (3.16) 26.3 (3.49)

Hispanic or Latino origin and race:

Hispanic or Latino .......................... 10.5 (0.54) 18.0 (0.71) 24.3 (0.78)

Mexican or Mexican American . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10.0 (0.65) 17.2 (0.83) 23.4 (0.93)

Not Hispanic or Latino ....................... 15.2 (0.30) 26.0 (0.38) 34.1 (0.42)

White, single race ........................ 15.8 (0.34) 26.8 (0.44) 35.2 (0.48)

Black or African American, single race ............ 11.3 (0.63) 22.2 (0.87) 28.3 (0.94)

Education:

Less than high school graduate ................. 10.8 (0.57) 13.5 (0.62) 20.2 (0.74)

GED diploma4 ............................ 14.2 (1.64) 18.6 (1.78) 26.0 (1.96)

High school graduate ........................ 12.3 (0.46) 18.3 (0.54) 25.5 (0.63)

Some college—no degree ..................... 15.4 (0.60) 26.8 (0.76) 34.8 (0.82)

Associate of arts degree ...................... 17.5 (0.88) 27.6 (0.99) 37.1 (1.07)

Bachelor of arts, science degree ................. 17.3 (0.63) 35.4 (0.76) 44.3 (0.81)

Masters, doctorate, medical degree ............... 17.7 (0.85) 38.5 (1.09) 47.2 (1.13)

Poverty status:5

Below poverty level ......................... 11.9 (0.73) 15.5 (0.87) 22.8 (0.99)

≥1 and <2 times poverty level .................. 13.1 (0.55) 16.6 (0.77) 24.5 (0.81)

≥2 and <4 times poverty level .................. 14.0 (0.46) 22.3 (0.54) 30.0 (0.59)

4 times poverty level or more ................... 16.1 (0.42) 32.4 (0.52) 40.5 (0.56)

Marital status:

Never married ............................ 16.0 (0.63) 26.1 (0.69) 35.2 (0.82)

Married ................................ 13.7 (0.37) 23.0 (0.42) 30.7 (0.47)

Cohabiting .............................. 15.5 (1.17) 23.7 (1.32) 31.4 (1.45)

Divorced or separated ....................... 13.9 (0.64) 25.7 (0.90) 33.3 (0.94)

Widowed ............................... 7.9 (1.61) 9.1 (1.75) 14.2 (2.18)

Geographic region:

Northeast ............................... 13.8 (0.59) 26.5 (0.85) 34.4 (0.93)

Midwest . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15.2 (0.60) 25.8 (0.70) 33.8 (0.82)

South ................................. 13.3 (0.47) 22.7 (0.53) 29.7 (0.62)

West . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16.1 (0.54) 25.6 (0.71) 34.7 (0.74)

Women

Ages 18 years and over (age-adjusted)2 ............. 13.8 (0.24) 20.3 (0.30) 28.9 (0.35)

Ages 18 years and over (crude)2 .................. 13.8 (0.24) 20.0 (0.30) 28.7 (0.35)

Age:3

18–24 years ............................. 14.7 (0.70) 24.9 (0.87) 32.9 (0.95)

25–44 years ............................. 13.4 (0.36) 24.4 (0.47) 32.1 (0.51)

45–64 years ............................. 14.7 (0.38) 19.5 (0.47) 28.7 (0.53)

65–74 years ............................. 14.2 (0.70) 12.1 (0.62) 23.0 (0.84)

75 years and over.......................... 10.4 (0.59) 4.8 (0.38) 14.0 (0.68)

Race:

White, single race . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14.5 (0.28) 21.7 (0.34) 30.6 (0.40)

Black or African American, single race ............. 8.8 (0.42) 12.8 (0.48) 18.8 (0.58)

American Indian or Alaska Native, single race ........ 13.1 (1.95) 14.5 (2.33) 25.4 (2.62)

Asian, single race . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13.9 (1.01) 17.3 (1.09) 26.8 (1.27)

Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander, single race.... *18.1 (8.77) 27.4 (6.61) 39.9 (9.83)

Two or more races ......................... 15.5 (2.34) 23.6 (2.20) 29.6 (2.32)

Black or African American, white ............... *8.6 (3.12) 20.7 (5.37) 24.1 (5.63)

American Indian or Alaska Native, white........... 16.8 (3.24) 22.0 (3.48) 28.5 (3.62)

See footnotes at end of table.
Page 52 [ Series 10, No. 245

Table 5.4. Age-adjusted percentages (with standard errors) of adults 18 years of age and over who engaged in regular leisure-time physical

activity, by type of activity and selected characteristics: United States, average annual, 2005–2007—Con.

Regular activity1

Selected characteristic Light-moderate Vigorous Any

Women—Con. Percent (standard error)

Hispanic or Latino origin and race:

Hispanic or Latino .......................... 10.3 (0.48) 13.0 (0.53) 20.5 (0.65)

Mexican or Mexican American ................. 11.2 (0.67) 12.1 (0.71) 20.6 (0.89)

Not Hispanic or Latino ....................... 14.3 (0.27) 21.4 (0.33) 30.2 (0.39)

White, single race ........................ 15.3 (0.32) 23.3 (0.39) 32.5 (0.45)

Black or African American, single race ............ 8.8 (0.43) 12.9 (0.49) 18.9 (0.59)

Education:

Less than high school graduate ................. 9.4 (0.46) 8.1 (0.43) 15.4 (0.55)

GED diploma4 ............................ 10.1 (1.10) 10.1 (1.05) 17.1 (1.35)

High school graduate ........................ 11.9 (0.43) 13.9 (0.48) 22.3 (0.57)

Some college—no degree ..................... 15.0 (0.49) 22.1 (0.57) 31.2 (0.64)

Associate of arts degree ...................... 16.0 (0.69) 22.8 (0.79) 32.0 (0.91)

Bachelor of arts, science degree ................. 17.0 (0.59) 30.8 (0.73) 40.4 (0.79)

Masters, doctorate, medical degree ............... 18.9 (0.86) 34.9 (0.99) 45.0 (1.05)

Poverty status:5

Below poverty level ......................... 10.3 (0.46) 10.8 (0.53) 17.9 (0.62)

≥1 and <2 times poverty level .................. 12.0 (0.48) 13.3 (0.51) 21.4 (0.60)

≥2 and <4 times poverty level .................. 13.6 (0.44) 18.9 (0.49) 27.7 (0.56)

4 times poverty level or more ................... 16.1 (0.42) 28.8 (0.54) 37.9 (0.58)

Marital status:

Never married ............................ 13.2 (0.60) 20.1 (0.61) 28.2 (0.76)

Married ................................ 14.5 (0.33) 21.6 (0.42) 30.7 (0.47)

Cohabiting .............................. 15.1 (1.30) 17.2 (0.95) 27.5 (1.47)

Divorced or separated ....................... 12.1 (0.55) 17.2 (0.56) 25.1 (0.67)

Widowed ............................... 11.4 (1.43) 15.0 (1.99) 21.3 (2.14)

Geographic region:

Northeast ............................... 13.5 (0.58) 21.6 (0.64) 30.3 (0.75)

Midwest ................................ 14.3 (0.52) 21.7 (0.68) 30.4 (0.79)

South ................................. 12.2 (0.37) 17.9 (0.50) 25.4 (0.57)

West .................................. 16.3 (0.58) 21.9 (0.60) 32.3 (0.71)

* Estimates preceded by an asterisk have a relative standard error of greater than 30% and less than or equal to 50%. These should be interpreted with caution as they do not meet the standard of
 

reliability or precision.
 

1

Regular leisure-time physical activity: ‘‘Regular light-moderate’’ — engaged in light-moderate activity at least 5 times per week for at least 30 minutes each time; ‘‘Regular vigorous’’ — engaged in
 

vigorous activity at least 3 times per week for at least 20 minutes each time; and ‘‘Any regular’’ — engaged in activity that met either criterion or both criteria. Estimates for ‘‘any regular’’ are identical to
 

those shown in table 5.1.
 

2

Persons of other races and unknown race and ethnicity, unknown education, unknown poverty status, and unknown marital status are included in the total.
 

3

Estimates for age groups are not age adjusted.
 

4

GED is General Educational Development high school equivalency diploma.
 

5

Poverty status is based on family income and family size using the U.S. Census Bureau poverty thresholds for 2004, 2005, and 2006.
 

NOTES: Unless otherwise specified, estimates are age adjusted using the projected 2000 U.S. population as the standard population and using three age groups: 18–44 years, 45–64 years, and 65
 

years and over. For crude percentages, refer to Appendix Table XV. Denominator for each percentage excludes persons with unknown leisure-time physical activity status. See Appendix II for
 

definitions of terms. See Appendix III for health behavior questions.
 

DATA SOURCE: National Health Interview Survey, 2005–2007. Estimates are based on household interviews of a sample of the civilian noninstitutionalized population.
Series 10, No. 245 [ Page 53

Table 5.5. Age-adjusted percentages (with standard errors) of adults 18 years of age and over who engaged in any leisure-time

strengthening activities, by selected characteristics: United States, average annual, 2005–2007

Engaged in any strengthening activities1

Selected characteristic Both sexes Men Women

Percent (standard error)

Ages 18 years and over (age-adjusted)2 ............. 24.2 (0.27) 27.4 (0.35) 21.1 (0.30)

Ages 18 years and over (crude)2 .................. 24.0 (0.28) 27.5 (0.37) 20.8 (0.30)

Age3

18–24 years ............................... 35.0 (0.81) 44.0 (1.19) 26.2 (0.89)

25–44 years ............................... 27.5 (0.38) 31.3 (0.53) 23.7 (0.45)

45–64 years ............................... 21.4 (0.39) 22.1 (0.49) 20.7 (0.48)

65–74 years ............................... 14.8 (0.54) 14.9 (0.72) 14.8 (0.75)

75 years and over ........................... 10.6 (0.47) 13.7 (0.83) 8.6 (0.49)

Race

White, single race ........................... 24.7 (0.30) 27.1 (0.39) 22.4 (0.35)

Black or African American, single race............... 21.0 (0.54) 29.2 (0.87) 14.1 (0.52)

American Indian or Alaska Native, single race .......... 19.2 (1.77) 22.9 (2.76) 15.9 (2.42)

Asian, single race ........................... 21.1 (0.82) 26.0 (1.26) 16.4 (1.00)

Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander, single race ..... 31.7 (5.06) 39.8 (8.63) 21.5 (6.23)

Two or more races ........................... 30.4 (1.89) 34.5 (2.74) 26.0 (2.56)

Black or African American, white ................. 31.8 (4.22) 37.6 (7.67) 28.7 (5.42)

American Indian or Alaska Native, white ............ 23.8 (2.52) 28.7 (3.78) 17.8 (3.00)

Hispanic or Latino origin and race

Hispanic or Latino ........................... 16.7 (0.44) 21.1 (0.67) 12.0 (0.50)

Mexican or Mexican American .................. 16.1 (0.56) 20.7 (0.85) 11.2 (0.65)

Not Hispanic or Latino......................... 25.4 (0.30) 28.6 (0.39) 22.4 (0.33)

White, single race .......................... 26.4 (0.34) 28.5 (0.44) 24.3 (0.39)

Black or African American, single race ............. 21.0 (0.56) 29.3 (0.88) 14.1 (0.54)

Education

Less than high school graduate ................... 12.0 (0.41) 15.3 (0.63) 8.3 (0.46)

GED diploma4

.............................. 14.4 (0.95) 18.1 (1.54) 10.2 (1.12)

High school graduate ......................... 17.3 (0.40) 19.9 (0.58) 14.4 (0.48)

Some college—no degree ...................... 27.4 (0.53) 32.3 (0.81) 23.0 (0.59)

Associate of arts degree ....................... 27.3 (0.66) 30.3 (1.01) 24.7 (0.80)

Bachelor of arts, science degree .................. 34.9 (0.53) 38.3 (0.74) 31.7 (0.71)

Masters, doctorate, medical degree ................ 39.0 (0.78) 40.6 (1.14) 37.8 (1.06)

Poverty status5

Below poverty level .......................... 15.1 (0.61) 20.4 (0.98) 11.3 (0.55)

≥1 and <2 times poverty level .................... 16.3 (0.42) 19.1 (0.65) 13.5 (0.50)

≥2 and <4 times poverty level .................... 21.9 (0.43) 24.7 (0.57) 19.2 (0.50)

4 times poverty level or more .................... 32.6 (0.43) 34.7 (0.56) 30.4 (0.56)

Marital status

Never married.............................. 27.1 (0.55) 31.2 (0.76) 22.3 (0.68)

Married .................................. 23.0 (0.33) 24.5 (0.42) 21.6 (0.41)

Cohabiting ................................ 21.9 (0.93) 24.2 (1.33) 19.1 (1.18)

Divorced or separated......................... 22.2 (0.52) 28.2 (0.91) 18.1 (0.58)

Widowed ................................. 15.6 (1.73) 19.4 (4.40) 14.6 (1.82)

Geographic region

Northeast ................................ 25.3 (0.62) 28.3 (0.84) 22.5 (0.68)

Midwest ................................. 26.6 (0.63) 29.2 (0.78) 23.9 (0.68)

South ................................... 21.6 (0.45) 25.5 (0.56) 17.9 (0.51)

West ................................... 25.1 (0.49) 28.0 (0.73) 22.2 (0.54)

1

Strengthening activities include leisure-time physical activities specifically designed to strengthen muscles such as weight lifting or calisthenics. No minimum duration imposed when asking frequency
 

and no duration question was asked.
 

2

Persons of other races and unknown race and ethnicity, unknown education, unknown poverty status, and unknown marital status are included in the total.
 

3

Estimates for age groups are not age adjusted.
 

4

GED is General Educational Development high school equivalency diploma.
 

5

Poverty status is based on family income and family size using the U.S. Census Bureau poverty thresholds for 2004, 2005, and 2006.
 

NOTES: Unless otherwise specified, estimates are age adjusted using the projected 2000 U.S. population as the standard population and using three age groups: 18–44 years, 45–64 years, and 65
 

years and over. For crude percentages, refer to Appendix Table XVI. Denominator for each percentage excludes persons with unknown leisure-time strengthening activity status. See Appendix II for
 

definitions of terms. See Appendix III for health behavior questions.
 

DATA SOURCE: National Health Interview Survey, 2005–2007. Estimates are based on household interviews of a sample of the civilian noninstitutionalized population.
 
Page 54 [ Series 10, No. 245

Chapter 6

Body Weight Status

All Adults

+	 Overall, nearly 6 in 10 adults

(60.4%) were overweight (including

obese) (Table 6.1).

+	 About 25.4% of adults were obese,

35% were overweight but not obese,

37.7% were in the healthy weight

range, and 1.9% of adults were

underweight (Table 6.2).

Sex

+	 Men (67.9%) were considerably

more likely than women (53.0%) to

be overweight, although men

(25.7%) and women (25.0%) were

about equally likely to be obese.

(Tables 6.1 and 6.2 and Figure 6.1).

+	 Women (44.2%) were more likely

than men (31.1%) to be of healthy

weight, and women (2.7%) were

about three times as likely as men

(1.0%) to be underweight (Table 6.2

and Figure 6.1).

Age

+	 Overweight was most prevalent

among adults 45–64 years (68.2%)

and 65–74 years of age (67.0%) and

markedly lower for adults 75 years

and over (53.3%) (Table 6.1).

+	 Men aged 45–64 years (30.5%) were

about twice as likely as the youngest

men (15.9%) and the oldest men

(15.9%) to be obese (Table 6.2 and

Figure 6.2).

+	 Among women, prevalence of

obesity was highest for those 45–64

years of age (30.2%) and 64–74

years of age (29.2%) and lowest for

those 18–24 years of age (16.2%)

and 75 years of age and over

(18.0%) (Table 6.2 and Figure 6.2).

+	 The youngest adults and the oldest

adults were more likely than adults

in the other age groups to be

underweight (Table 6.2).

Race

+	 Over one-half of white adults

(60.2%) were overweight. American

Indian or Alaska Native adults

(70.0%) and black adults (69.2%)

were about twice as likely as Asian

adults (36.9%) to be overweight

(Table 6.1).

+	 Among black adults, prevalence of

overweight was about the same for

men and women, whereas

prevalence of overweight was

markedly higher for white men

(68.7%) than white women (51.6%)

(Table 6.1 and Figure 6.3).

+	 Black adults (34.2%) were more

likely than white adults (24.8%) and

about four times as likely as Asian

adults (8.6%) to be obese

(Table 6.2).

2.7 

1.0 

44.2 

31.1 

28.0 

42.2 

25.0 

25.7 

0 20 40 60 80 100 

Women 

Men 

Percent 

Underweight Healthy weight Overweight, not obese Obese 

NOTES: Estimates are based on household interviews of a sample of the civilian noninstitutionalized population. Totals do 

not add to 100% due to rounding. Estimates are age adjusted using the projected 2000 U.S. population as the standard 

population. 

DATA SOURCE: CDC/NCHS, National Health Interview Survey, 2005–2007. 

Figure 6.1. Percent distribution of body weight status of adults, by sex: United States,

2005–2007

Hispanic or Latino Origin

and Race

+	 Hispanic adults were more likely

than non-Hispanic adults to be

overweight or obese (Tables 6.1 and

6.2).

+	 Non-Hispanic black women (38.8%)

were markedly more likely than

non-Hispanic white women (22.9%)

and Hispanic women (29.3%) to be

obese (Table 6.2).

+	 About 4 in 10 non-Hispanic white

adults (39.2%) were in the healthy

weight range compared with about 3

in 10 non-Hispanic black adults

(29.4%) and about one-third of

Men 

Women 

NOTE: Estimates are based on household interviews of a sample of the civilian noninstitutionalized population. 

DATA SOURCE: CDC/NCHS, National Health Interview Survey, 2005-2007. 

0 

10 

5 

15 

20 

25 

30 

35 

18–24 25–44 45–64 

Age in years 

65–74 75 and 

over 

Percent 

Figure 6.2. Percentage of adults who were obese, by age and sex: United States, 2005–2007
80 Men Women 

71.8 72.5 68.7 69.2 69.2 68.2

60 54.0 51.6

45.7

Percent 40

28.1

20 

0

White Black or American Indian Asian Native Hawaiian 

African or Alaska Native or Other 

American Pacific Islander 

NOTES: Estimates are based on household interviews of a sample of the civilian noninstitutionalized population. Estimates are 

age adjusted using the projected 2000 U.S. population as the standard population. 

DATA SOURCE: CDC/NCHS, National Health Interview Survey, 2005–2007. 

50 Hispanic Non-Hispanic white Non-Hispanic black 

39.2 39.9 40 

34.6 34.6 34.6 

31.3 29.4 30 27.6

Percent 

20 

24.3 

10 

0 

1.3 

Un

1.9 

derweight 

1.4 

Healthy weight Overweight, not Obese

obese 

NOTES: Estimates are age adjusted using the projected 2000 U.S. population as the standard population. Estimates are based 


on household interviews of a sample of the civilian noninstitutionalized population.
 

DATA SOURCE: CDC/NCHS, National Health Interview Survey, 2005–2007.
 

Series 10, No. 245 [ Page 55

Hispanic adults (31.3%) (Table 6.2

and Figure 6.4).	 

Education	 

+	 Among adults, the prevalence of

being overweight decreased as

education increased. About 6 in 10

adults (64.3%) with less than a high

school diploma were overweight

compared with 5 in 10 adults

(51.2%) who had earned a graduate

degree (Table 6.1).

+ Prevalence of obesity was markedly

lower among adults who had earned

a bachelor’s or higher degree

compared with adults having fewer

years of education (Table 6.2).

+	 Educational differentials in

prevalence of obesity were greater

for women than for men (Table 6.2

and Figure 6.5).

+	 Prevalence of healthy weight was

positively associated with level of

education for women. Nearly 6 in

10 women (56.2%) with the highest

level of education compared with

about one-third of women (34.6%)

who had not graduated from high

school were in the healthy weight

range. Among men, there was no

clear association between education

and healthy weight status

(Table 6.2).

Poverty Status

+	 Men with family incomes four times

the poverty level or more (70.2%)

were more likely than men with

incomes below the poverty level

(60.4%) to be overweight. In

contrast, women with the highest

family incomes (46.0%) were less

likely than women with family

incomes that were below the poverty

level (60.6%) to be overweight

Figure 6.3. Percentage of adults who were overweight (including obese), by sex and race:

United States, 2005–2007

with family incomes below the Marital Status

poverty level (32.8%) were almost
 

twice as likely as the highest income + Married men (73.5%) were
 

group of women (18.9%) to be markedly more likely than never

obese. In contrast, obesity rates were married men (56.9%) to be

about the same for men with family overweight whereas married women

incomes below the poverty level (53.2%) and never married women

(23.3%) and men with the highest (52.0%) were about equally likely to

family incomes (24.9%) (Table 6.2 be overweight (Table 6.1).

and Figure 6.6).

(Table 6.1).

+	 About one-fourth (28.8%) of adults

with family incomes that were

below the poverty level were obese

compared with about one-fifth

(22.1%) of adults with family

incomes that were four times the

poverty level or more (Table 6.2).

+	 Prevalence of obesity was strongly

associated with relative income level

for women but not for men. Women

Figure 6.4. Percent distributions of body weight status of adults, by Hispanic origin and

race: United States, 2005–2007
Less than General Educational Development High school Some college

high school (GED) high school equivalency graduate


diploma
 

Associate of arts degree Bachelor’s degree Graduate degree 

50 

35.0 

31.9 40 29.1 28.3 28.0 28.1 27.8 26.8 26.9 26.1

Percent 

16.8 16.4

30 21.4 

20 14.6

10 

0
 

Men Women
 

NOTES: Estimates are based on household interviews of a sample of the civilian noninstitutionalized population. Estimates are 

age adjusted using the projected 2000 U.S. population as the standard population. 

DATA SOURCE: CDC/NCHS, National Health Interview Survey, 2005–2007. 

>1 and <2 times >2 and <4 times 4 times poverty 

level poverty level poverty level level or more 

Below poverty 

35 32.8 

30.0

30 27.4 

26.0 26.0 24.9 

25 23.3 

18.9 20 

15 

10 

5 

0 

Men	 Women 

Percent 

NOTES: Estimates are age adjusted using the projected 2000 U.S. population as the standard population. Estimates are 


based on household interviews of a sample of the civilian noninstitutionalized population.
 

DATA SOURCE: CDC/NCHS, National Health Interview Survey, 2005–2007.
 

Page 56 [ Series 10, No. 245

+	 Married women were less likely to

be obese than divorced or separated

women, never married women, and

widowed women (Table 6.2).

+	 Men who had never married

(40.9%) were more likely than men

in most other marital status groups

to be in the healthy weight range

(Table 6.2).

+ Divorced or separated women

(39.2%) and widowed women

(34.8%) were less likely than

women in other marital status

groups to be in the healthy weight

range (Table 6.2).

Geographic Region

+	 Adults living in the Northeast

(23.5%) and the West (22.5%) were

less likely than their counterparts

living in the Midwest (26.9%) and

South (26.9%) to be obese

(Table 6.1).

Figure 6.5. Percentage of adults who were obese, by education and sex: United States,

2005–2007

Figure 6.6. Percentage of adults who were obese, by povery status and sex: United States,

2005–2007
Series 10, No. 245 [ Page 57

Table 6.1. Age-adjusted percentages (with standard errors) of adults 18 years of age and over who were overweight, by selected

characteristics: United States, average annual, 2005–2007

Overweight (BMI of 25 or more)1

Selected characteristic Both sexes Men Women

Percent (standard error)

Ages 18 years and over (age-adjusted)2 ............. 60.4 (0.25) 67.9 (0.33) 53.0 (0.34)

Ages 18 years and over (crude)2 .................. 60.8 (0.25) 68.3 (0.33) 53.5 (0.34)

Age3

18–24 years ............................... 41.8 (0.72) 46.6 (1.05) 37.0 (0.97)

25–44 years ............................... 60.9 (0.37) 70.1 (0.49) 51.4 (0.52)

45–64 years ............................... 68.2 (0.36) 75.8 (0.49) 60.6 (0.53)

65–74 years ............................... 67.0 (0.65) 71.8 (0.89) 62.8 (0.95)

75 years and over ........................... 53.3 (0.73) 58.2 (1.13) 50.0 (0.92)

Race

White, single race ........................... 60.2 (0.28) 68.7 (0.37) 51.6 (0.39)

Black or African American, single race............... 69.2 (0.54) 69.2 (0.85) 69.2 (0.67)

American Indian or Alaska Native, single race .......... 70.0 (2.23) 71.8 (3.38) 68.2 (2.97)

Asian, single race ........................... 36.9 (1.02) 45.7 (1.47) 28.1 (1.32)

Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander, single race ..... 63.5 (4.59) 72.5 (6.53) 54.0 (6.81)

Two or more races ........................... 65.7 (1.85) 73.4 (2.34) 58.3 (2.70)

Black or African American, white ................. 62.9 (4.77) 66.0 (6.39) 62.1 (6.48)

American Indian or Alaska Native, white ............ 70.3 (2.62) 77.3 (3.09) 62.2 (4.24)

Hispanic or Latino origin and race

Hispanic or Latino ........................... 67.5 (0.55) 72.2 (0.78) 62.4 (0.72)

Mexican or Mexican American .................. 69.4 (0.68) 73.5 (0.93) 65.0 (0.95)

Not Hispanic or Latino......................... 59.3 (0.27) 67.2 (0.37) 51.7 (0.37)

White, single race .......................... 58.9 (0.31) 68.1 (0.41) 49.8 (0.43)

Black or African American, single race ............. 69.2 (0.54) 69.1 (0.86) 69.2 (0.68)

Education

Less than high school graduate ................... 64.3 (0.54) 65.7 (0.77) 62.8 (0.77)

GED diploma4

.............................. 68.2 (1.34) 71.1 (1.81) 64.8 (1.90)

High school graduate ......................... 62.8 (0.48) 68.9 (0.61) 56.7 (0.66)

Some college—no degree ...................... 60.5 (0.54) 68.4 (0.75) 53.4 (0.72)

Associate of arts degree ....................... 64.0 (0.69) 73.9 (1.01) 56.1 (0.92)

Bachelor of arts, science degree .................. 55.1 (0.54) 67.8 (0.77) 42.2 (0.74)

Masters, doctorate, medical degree ................ 51.2 (0.76) 62.2 (1.13) 40.1 (1.02)

Poverty status5

Below poverty level .......................... 60.5 (0.67) 60.4 (1.04) 60.6 (0.81)

≥1 and <2 times poverty level .................... 61.8 (0.57) 64.9 (0.90) 59.0 (0.69)

≥2 and <4 times poverty level .................... 61.6 (0.46) 69.1 (0.55) 54.2 (0.68)

4 times poverty level or more .................... 58.8 (0.41) 70.2 (0.56) 46.0 (0.63)

Marital status

Never married.............................. 54.7 (0.63) 56.9 (0.83) 52.0 (0.95)

Married .................................. 63.4 (0.32) 73.5 (0.41) 53.2 (0.46)

Cohabiting ................................ 60.9 (1.05) 67.3 (1.41) 53.2 (1.66)

Divorced or separated......................... 62.9 (0.60) 68.7 (0.90) 58.7 (0.77)

Widowed ................................. 64.7 (2.55) 68.4 (5.71) 63.5 (2.83)

Geographic region

Northeast ................................ 58.1 (0.62) 67.2 (0.85) 49.6 (0.78)

Midwest ................................. 61.5 (0.53) 69.1 (0.67) 53.9 (0.79)

South ................................... 61.9 (0.40) 68.6 (0.54) 55.4 (0.56)

West ................................... 58.5 (0.52) 66.0 (0.71) 50.7 (0.66)

1

Body Mass Index (BMI) is calculated as kilograms/meters2, using self-reported height and weight. Overweight is a BMI greater than or equal to 25, which includes obese.
 

2

Persons of other races and unknown race and ethnicity, unknown education, unknown poverty status, and unknown marital status are included in the total.
 

3

Estimates for age groups are not age adjusted.
 

4

GED is General Educational Development high school equivalency diploma.
 

5

Poverty status is based on family income and family size using the U.S. Census Bureau poverty thresholds for 2004, 2005, and 2006.
 

NOTES: Unless otherwise specified, estimates are age adjusted using the projected 2000 U.S. population as the standard population and using three age groups: 18–44 years, 45–64 years, and 65
 

years and over. For crude percentages, refer to Appendix Table XVII. Denominator for each percentage excludes persons with unknown body mass index. See Appendix II for definitions of terms. See
 

Appendix III for health behavior questions.
 

DATA SOURCE: National Health Interview Survey, 2005–2007. Estimates are based on household interviews of a sample of the civilian noninstitutionalized population.
 
Page 58 [ Series 10, No. 245

Table 6.2. Age-adjusted percent distributions (with standard errors) of body weight status for adults 18 years of age and over, by selected

characteristics: United States, average annual, 2005–2007

Body weight status1

Not overweight Overweight

Healthy Overweight

Selected characteristic Total Underweight weight (but not obese) Obese

Both sexes Percent distribution (standard error)

Ages 18 years and over (age-adjusted)2 ............. 100.0 1.9 (0.07) 37.7 (0.25) 35.0 (0.22) 25.4 (0.22)

Ages 18 years and over (crude)2 .................. 100.0 1.9 (0.07) 37.3 (0.25) 35.2 (0.22) 25.6 (0.22)

Age:3

18–24 years ............................. 100.0 3.8 (0.31) 54.3 (0.73) 25.8 (0.63) 16.0 (0.52)

25–44 years ............................. 100.0 1.6 (0.09) 37.5 (0.37) 34.8 (0.34) 26.1 (0.34)

45–64 years ............................. 100.0 1.1 (0.09) 30.7 (0.36) 37.9 (0.39) 30.3 (0.39)

65–74 years ............................. 100.0 1.4 (0.16) 31.5 (0.65) 39.6 (0.66) 27.5 (0.62)

75 years and over.......................... 100.0 3.6 (0.27) 43.1 (0.71) 36.1 (0.65) 17.2 (0.52)

Race:

White, single race .......................... 100.0 1.8 (0.08) 38.0 (0.28) 35.3 (0.25) 24.8 (0.24)

Black or African American, single race ............. 100.0 1.4 (0.14) 29.4 (0.53) 35.0 (0.53) 34.2 (0.57)

American Indian or Alaska Native, single race ........ 100.0 *0.8 (0.36) 29.2 (2.25) 36.8 (2.17) 33.2 (2.47)

Asian, single race .......................... 100.0 4.9 (0.52) 58.2 (1.02) 28.3 (0.93) 8.6 (0.57)

Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander, single race.... 100.0 † 32.7 (5.41) 34.6 (6.03) 29.0 (4.69)

Two or more races ......................... 100.0 1.3 (0.35) 33.1 (1.82) 34.5 (1.87) 31.2 (1.88)

Black or African American, white ............... 100.0 † 36.2 (4.81) 42.4 (4.64) 20.5 (3.60)

American Indian or Alaska Native, white........... 100.0 *1.3 (0.55) 28.4 (2.54) 35.7 (2.61) 34.6 (2.57)

Hispanic or Latino origin and race:

Hispanic or Latino .......................... 100.0 1.3 (0.12) 31.3 (0.54) 39.9 (0.56) 27.6 (0.53)

Mexican or Mexican American ................. 100.0 1.1 (0.14) 29.4 (0.67) 39.7 (0.73) 29.8 (0.68)

Not Hispanic or Latino ....................... 100.0 2.0 (0.08) 38.7 (0.27) 34.3 (0.24) 25.0 (0.24)

White, single race ........................ 100.0 1.9 (0.09) 39.2 (0.31) 34.6 (0.28) 24.3 (0.26)

Black or African American, single race ............ 100.0 1.4 (0.14) 29.4 (0.54) 34.6 (0.53) 34.6 (0.59)

Education:

Less than high school graduate ................. 100.0 2.3 (0.25) 33.5 (0.52) 35.0 (0.54) 29.3 (0.51)

GED diploma4 ............................ 100.0 1.6 (0.34) 30.2 (1.31) 36.3 (1.30) 31.9 (1.30)

High school graduate ........................ 100.0 1.9 (0.12) 35.4 (0.48) 34.7 (0.43) 28.0 (0.42)

Some college—no degree ..................... 100.0 1.8 (0.14) 37.7 (0.52) 33.5 (0.50) 27.0 (0.47)

Associate of arts degree ...................... 100.0 1.6 (0.19) 34.4 (0.69) 36.6 (0.68) 27.4 (0.61)

Bachelor of arts, science degree ................. 100.0 1.8 (0.15) 43.1 (0.54) 36.2 (0.52) 18.9 (0.43)

Masters, doctorate, medical degree ............... 100.0 2.1 (0.22) 46.7 (0.77) 35.7 (0.71) 15.5 (0.55)

Poverty status:5

Below poverty level ......................... 100.0 2.7 (0.22) 36.8 (0.65) 31.7 (0.58) 28.8 (0.59)

≥1 and <2 times poverty level .................. 100.0 2.2 (0.19) 36.0 (0.54) 33.6 (0.56) 28.2 (0.47)

≥2 and <4 times poverty level .................. 100.0 1.8 (0.13) 36.6 (0.45) 34.9 (0.42) 26.7 (0.40)

4 times poverty level or more ................... 100.0 1.6 (0.11) 39.6 (0.41) 36.7 (0.38) 22.1 (0.33)

Marital status:

Never married ............................ 100.0 3.4 (0.28) 42.0 (0.60) 30.7 (0.57) 24.0 (0.55)

Married ................................ 100.0 1.4 (0.08) 35.2 (0.32) 37.4 (0.30) 26.0 (0.29)

Cohabiting .............................. 100.0 1.7 (0.32) 37.5 (1.05) 34.6 (1.05) 26.3 (0.94)

Divorced or separated ....................... 100.0 1.6 (0.15) 35.5 (0.59) 34.2 (0.54) 28.7 (0.57)

Widowed ............................... 100.0 1.4 (0.29) 33.9 (2.54) 33.0 (2.58) 31.7 (2.50)

Geographic region:

Northeast ............................... 100.0 2.1 (0.18) 39.8 (0.61) 34.6 (0.53) 23.5 (0.51)

Midwest ................................ 100.0 1.6 (0.12) 36.9 (0.55) 34.6 (0.45) 26.9 (0.49)

South ................................. 100.0 2.1 (0.14) 36.1 (0.38) 35.0 (0.35) 26.9 (0.37)

West .................................. 100.0 1.8 (0.13) 39.7 (0.53) 35.9 (0.50) 22.5 (0.42)

Men

Ages 18 years and over (age-adjusted)2 ............. 100.0 1.0 (0.08) 31.1 (0.33) 42.2 (0.34) 25.7 (0.30)

Ages 18 years and over (crude)2 .................. 100.0 1.0 (0.08) 30.7 (0.33) 42.4 (0.34) 26.0 (0.31)

Age:3

18–24 years ............................. 100.0 2.9 (0.46) 50.5 (1.06) 30.7 (0.96) 15.9 (0.76)

25–44 years ............................. 100.0 0.6 (0.08) 29.3 (0.49) 42.9 (0.51) 27.3 (0.49)

45–64 years ............................. 100.0 0.5 (0.07) 23.7 (0.48) 45.4 (0.58) 30.5 (0.53)

65–74 years ............................. 100.0 1.0 (0.19) 27.2 (0.87) 46.3 (1.02) 25.5 (0.91)

75 years and over.......................... 100.0 2.4 (0.42) 39.4 (1.09) 42.3 (1.12) 15.9 (0.86)

See footnotes at end of table.
Series 10, No. 245 [ Page 59

Table 6.2. Age-adjusted percent distributions (with standard errors) of body weight status for adults 18 years of age and over, by selected

characteristics: United States, average annual, 2005–2007—Con.

Body weight status1

Not overweight Overweight

Healthy Overweight

Selected characteristic Total Underweight weight (but not obese) Obese

Men—Con. Percent distribution (standard error)

Race:

White, single race .......................... 100.0 0.9 (0.09) 30.4 (0.36) 42.9 (0.38) 25.8 (0.33)

Black or African American, single race ............. 100.0 1.2 (0.22) 29.6 (0.84) 40.1 (0.86) 29.1 (0.82)

American Indian or Alaska Native, single race ........ 100.0 † 27.4 (3.39) 38.0 (3.89) 33.9 (4.01)

Asian, single race .......................... 100.0 3.0 (0.61) 51.3 (1.47) 35.8 (1.38) 9.9 (0.84)

Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander, single race.... 100.0 – 27.5 (6.53) 36.9 (9.10) 35.5 (7.16)

Two or more races ......................... 100.0 *1.4 (0.54) 25.2 (2.29) 39.9 (3.25) 33.5 (3.14)

Black or African American, white ............... 100.0 † 31.8 (6.38) 57.5 (6.52) *8.6 (3.07)

American Indian or Alaska Native, white........... 100.0 † 21.3 (2.99) 40.0 (4.00) 37.3 (3.83)

Hispanic or Latino origin and race:

Hispanic or Latino .......................... 100.0 0.8 (0.14) 27.0 (0.77) 46.5 (0.87) 25.7 (0.73)

Mexican or Mexican American ................. 100.0 0.6 (0.16) 25.8 (0.93) 46.8 (1.11) 26.7 (0.93)

Not Hispanic or Latino ....................... 100.0 1.1 (0.10) 31.7 (0.36) 41.6 (0.37) 25.6 (0.33)

White, single race ........................ 100.0 0.9 (0.11) 31.0 (0.41) 42.4 (0.43) 25.6 (0.37)

Black or African American, single race ............ 100.0 1.2 (0.22) 29.7 (0.86) 39.6 (0.87) 29.4 (0.85)

Education:

Less than high school graduate ................. 100.0 1.9 (0.35) 32.4 (0.78) 38.8 (0.79) 26.8 (0.72)

GED diploma4 ............................ 100.0 *1.6 (0.47) 27.3 (1.76) 42.0 (1.99) 29.1 (1.76)

High school graduate ........................ 100.0 1.1 (0.14) 30.0 (0.60) 40.7 (0.65) 28.3 (0.59)

Some college—no degree ..................... 100.0 1.1 (0.18) 30.5 (0.74) 40.4 (0.82) 28.0 (0.72)

Associate of arts degree ...................... 100.0 *0.4 (0.13) 25.7 (1.00) 45.8 (1.12) 28.1 (0.93)

Bachelor of arts, science degree ................. 100.0 0.6 (0.14) 31.6 (0.76) 46.4 (0.80) 21.4 (0.64)

Masters, doctorate, medical degree ............... 100.0 *0.4 (0.14) 37.4 (1.13) 45.4 (1.15) 16.8 (0.84)

Poverty status:5

Below poverty level ......................... 100.0 2.2 (0.39) 37.5 (1.02) 37.1 (1.03) 23.3 (0.92)

≥1 and <2 times poverty level .................. 100.0 1.5 (0.27) 33.5 (0.84) 38.9 (0.89) 26.0 (0.71)

≥2 and <4 times poverty level .................. 100.0 0.9 (0.13) 30.0 (0.55) 41.7 (0.59) 27.4 (0.55)

4 times poverty level or more ................... 100.0 0.6 (0.10) 29.3 (0.56) 45.3 (0.57) 24.9 (0.49)

Marital status:

Never married ............................ 100.0 2.2 (0.27) 40.9 (0.82) 36.5 (0.85) 20.4 (0.69)

Married ................................ 100.0 0.6 (0.07) 25.9 (0.40) 45.1 (0.46) 28.4 (0.42)

Cohabiting .............................. 100.0 *1.0 (0.44) 31.6 (1.38) 40.4 (1.47) 27.0 (1.28)

Divorced or separated ....................... 100.0 0.8 (0.19) 30.5 (0.88) 42.6 (0.96) 26.1 (0.83)

Widowed ............................... 100.0 *0.7 (0.26) 30.9 (5.71) 38.4 (6.16) 30.0 (5.86)

Geographic region:

Northeast ............................... 100.0 1.0 (0.17) 31.8 (0.84) 42.9 (0.89) 24.3 (0.79)

Midwest ................................ 100.0 0.8 (0.11) 30.2 (0.67) 41.5 (0.67) 27.6 (0.58)

South ................................. 100.0 1.2 (0.18) 30.1 (0.52) 41.7 (0.55) 27.0 (0.52)

West .................................. 100.0 1.1 (0.15) 32.9 (0.71) 43.7 (0.73) 22.3 (0.58)

Women

Ages 18 years and over (age-adjusted)2 ............. 100.0 2.7 (0.11) 44.2 (0.34) 28.0 (0.27) 25.0 (0.29)

Ages 18 years and over (crude)2 .................. 100.0 2.7 (0.10) 43.8 (0.34) 28.2 (0.27) 25.3 (0.29)

Age:3

18–24 years ............................. 100.0 4.8 (0.40) 58.2 (0.97) 20.8 (0.78) 16.2 (0.70)

25–44 years ............................. 100.0 2.7 (0.17) 45.9 (0.52) 26.6 (0.44) 24.8 (0.44)

45–64 years ............................. 100.0 1.7 (0.16) 37.7 (0.54) 30.5 (0.51) 30.2 (0.52)

65–74 years ............................. 100.0 1.9 (0.25) 35.4 (0.96) 33.5 (0.85) 29.2 (0.84)

75 years and over.......................... 100.0 4.4 (0.36) 45.6 (0.90) 32.0 (0.83) 18.0 (0.66)

Race:

White, single race .......................... 100.0 2.7 (0.12) 45.7 (0.39) 27.8 (0.31) 23.8 (0.32)

Black or African American, single race ............. 100.0 1.6 (0.18) 29.3 (0.67) 30.8 (0.64) 38.4 (0.73)

American Indian or Alaska Native, single race ........ 100.0 † 31.0 (3.02) 34.8 (3.23) 33.4 (3.42)

Asian, single race .......................... 100.0 6.8 (0.83) 65.1 (1.39) 21.0 (1.20) 7.1 (0.70)

Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander, single race.... 100.0 † 37.1 (8.71) 32.2 (7.74) 21.8 (5.42)

Two or more races ......................... 100.0 *1.0 (0.41) 40.7 (2.69) 29.6 (2.33) 28.7 (2.22)

Black or African American, white ............... 100.0 – 37.9 (6.48) 37.0 (5.64) 25.1 (4.46)

American Indian or Alaska Native, white........... 100.0 † 36.5 (4.15) 31.0 (3.74) 31.3 (3.27)

See footnotes at end of table.
Page 60 [ Series 10, No. 245

Table 6.2. Age-adjusted percent distributions (with standard errors) of body weight status for adults 18 years of age and over, by selected

characteristics: United States, average annual, 2005–2007—Con.

Body weight status1

Not overweight Overweight

Healthy Overweight

Selected characteristic Total Underweight weight (but not obese) Obese

Women—Con. Percent distribution (standard error)

Hispanic or Latino origin and race:

Hispanic or Latino .......................... 100.0 1.7 (0.20) 35.8 (0.72) 33.1 (0.69) 29.3 (0.70)

Mexican or Mexican American ................. 100.0 1.6 (0.24) 33.4 (0.95) 32.0 (0.93) 32.9 (0.96)

Not Hispanic or Latino ....................... 100.0 2.9 (0.12) 45.4 (0.37) 27.2 (0.29) 24.5 (0.31)

White, single race ........................ 100.0 2.9 (0.13) 47.3 (0.43) 26.8 (0.35) 22.9 (0.35)

Black or African American, single race ............ 100.0 1.6 (0.19) 29.1 (0.67) 30.5 (0.64) 38.8 (0.74)

Education:

Less than high school graduate ................. 100.0 2.6 (0.30) 34.6 (0.73) 31.0 (0.70) 31.9 (0.73)

GED diploma4 ............................ 100.0 *1.7 (0.51) 33.5 (1.88) 29.9 (1.58) 35.0 (1.75)

High school graduate ........................ 100.0 2.7 (0.21) 40.6 (0.66) 28.8 (0.54) 27.8 (0.57)

Some college—no degree ..................... 100.0 2.4 (0.21) 44.2 (0.71) 27.3 (0.61) 26.1 (0.60)

Associate of arts degree ...................... 100.0 2.6 (0.32) 41.4 (0.93) 29.1 (0.83) 26.9 (0.80)

Bachelor of arts, science degree ................. 100.0 3.1 (0.26) 54.8 (0.74) 25.7 (0.64) 16.4 (0.54)

Masters, doctorate, medical degree ............... 100.0 3.6 (0.39) 56.2 (1.05) 25.6 (0.91) 14.6 (0.71)

Poverty status:5

Below poverty level ......................... 100.0 3.0 (0.27) 36.4 (0.78) 27.8 (0.76) 32.8 (0.74)

≥1 and <2 times poverty level .................. 100.0 2.7 (0.25) 38.3 (0.69) 29.0 (0.73) 30.0 (0.64)

≥2 and <4 times poverty level .................. 100.0 2.6 (0.21) 43.3 (0.65) 28.2 (0.54) 26.0 (0.54)

4 times poverty level or more ................... 100.0 2.8 (0.20) 51.1 (0.62) 27.2 (0.52) 18.9 (0.44)

Marital status:

Never married ............................ 100.0 4.5 (0.48) 43.5 (0.87) 24.0 (0.75) 27.9 (0.80)

Married ................................ 100.0 2.3 (0.14) 44.5 (0.45) 29.4 (0.38) 23.8 (0.38)

Cohabiting .............................. 100.0 2.3 (0.36) 44.6 (1.67) 27.8 (1.56) 25.4 (1.43)

Divorced or separated ....................... 100.0 2.1 (0.23) 39.2 (0.77) 28.2 (0.65) 30.5 (0.76)

Widowed ............................... 100.0 1.6 (0.38) 34.8 (2.82) 31.5 (2.75) 32.0 (2.70)

Geographic region:

Northeast ............................... 100.0 3.1 (0.29) 47.3 (0.82) 26.9 (0.61) 22.7 (0.64)

Midwest ................................ 100.0 2.5 (0.19) 43.6 (0.80) 27.7 (0.56) 26.1 (0.71)

South ................................. 100.0 2.8 (0.18) 41.8 (0.54) 28.7 (0.46) 26.7 (0.47)

West .................................. 100.0 2.6 (0.21) 46.7 (0.66) 28.0 (0.56) 22.6 (0.50)

* Estimates preceded by an asterisk have a relative standard error of greater than 30% and less than or equal to 50%. These should be interpreted with caution as they do not meet the standard of

reliability or precision.

† Estimates with a relative standard error greater than 50% are indicated with a dagger, but are not shown.

– Quantity zero.

1

Body weight status was based on Body Mass Index (BMI) calculated as kilograms/meters2, using self-reported height and weight. Underweight is a BMI of less than 18.5; Healthy weight is a BMI of
 

greater than or equal to 18.5 and less than 25; Overweight, but not obese is a BMI of greater than or equal to 25 and less than 30; Obese is a BMI of greater than or equal to 30.
 

2

Persons of other races and unknown race and ethnicity, unknown education, unknown poverty status, and unknown marital status are included in the total.
 

3

Estimates for age groups are not age adjusted.
 

4

GED is General Educational Development high school equivalency diploma.
 

5

Poverty status is based on family income and family size using the U.S. Census Bureau poverty thresholds for 2004, 2005, and 2006.
 

NOTES: Unless otherwise specified, estimates are age adjusted using the projected 2000 U.S. population as the standard population and using three age groups: 18–44 years, 45–64 years, and 65

years and over. For crude percent distributions, refer to Appendix Table XVIII. Denominator for each percent distribution excludes persons with unknown body mass index. See Appendix II for

definitions of terms. See Appendix III for health behavior questions.

DATA SOURCE: National Health Interview Survey, 2005–2007. Estimates are based on household interviews of a sample of the civilian noninstitutionalized population.
Less than 6 hours 6 hours 7–8 hours 9 hours or more 

100

7.7 

20.3 

63.5 

8.5 

7.6 

20.8 

63.6 

8.0 

7.7 

19.8 

63.4 

9.1 

80 

Percent 60

40 

20 

0 

Both sexes Men	 Women 

NOTES: Estimates are based on household interviews of a sample of the civilian noninstitutionalized population. Estimates 


are age adjusted using the projected 2000 U.S. population as the standard population. 


DATA SOURCE: CDC/NCHS: National Health Interview Survey, 2005–2007. 

40 37.1 36.3 

30 27.0 28.8 27.7 

Married Cohabiting Divorced or 

separated 

Percent 20 

10 

0 

Widowed Never married 

NOTES: Estimates are based on household interviews of a sample of the civilian noninstitutionalized population. Estimates 


are age adjusted using the projected 2000 U.S. population as the standard population. 


DATA SOURCE: CDC/NCHS, National Health Interview Survey, 2005–2007.
 

Series 10, No. 245 [ Page 61

Chapter 7

Sleep

All Adults

+ Overall, about 6 in 10 adults

(63.5%) usually slept 7 to 8 hours in

a 24-hour period (Table 7.1).

+ Almost 3 in 10 adults (28.0%)

averaged 6 hours of sleep or less in

a 24-hour period—20.3% of adults

slept 6 hours and 7.7% slept less

than 6 hours (Table 7.1 and

Figure 7.1).

+	 Fewer than 1 in 10 adults (8.5%)

slept an average of 9 hours or more

(Table 7.1).

Sex

+	 Men and women were about equally

likely to usually sleep 7 to 8 hours

(Table 7.1).

+	 Differences between men and

women in usual hours of sleep

varied by age. Among adults aged

25–44 years, men were more likely

than women to sleep 6 hours or less,

whereas among adults aged 65 years

and over, women were more likely

than men to usually sleep 6 hours or

less.

Age

+	 Adults aged 25–64 years were the

most likely to usually sleep 6 hours

or less and the least likely to sleep 9

hours or more compared with both

younger and older adults (Table 7.1).

+	 Adults aged 75 years and over were

the least likely to sleep 7–8 hours

Figure 7.1. Percent distributions of hours of sleep in a 24-hour period, by sex:

United States, 2005–2007

than these two other groups to sleep Education

9 hours or more (Table 7.1).

+	 About 7 in 10 adults who had a

bachelor’s degree (69.3%) or an Hispanic or Latino Origin advanced degree (70.2%) averaged 7

and Race to 8 hours of sleep compared with

about one-half of adults who had a

+	 Hispanic adults (65.3%) and GED (52.2%) and about 6 in 10 non-Hispanic white adults (64.4%) other adults who were not college were more likely than non-Hispanic graduates (Table 7.1). black adults (55.4%) to sleep 7 to 8
 

hours a night (Table 7.1).
 

(58.0%) and the most likely to sleep

9 hours or more (20.2%) (Table 7.1).

Race

+	 Black adults (55.5%) were less

likely than both white adults

(64.7%) and Asian adults (63.7%) to

sleep 7 to 8 hours.

+	 Black adults (34.2%) were more

likely than white adults (27.0%) and

Asian adults (29.4%) to sleep 6

hours or less in a 24-hour period.

Black adults were also more likely

Figure 7.2. Percentage of adults who slept 6 hours of less in a 24-hour period, by marital

status: United States, 2005–2007
Page 62 [ Series 10, No. 245

Poverty Status

+	 Adults with family incomes below

the poverty threshold (12.5%) and

those with family incomes at or just

above the poverty threshold (9.8%)

were the most likely to sleep 9

hours or more (Table 7.1).

Marital Status

+	 Divorced or separated adults

(36.3%) were more likely than

married adults (27.0%), never

married adults (27.7%), and

cohabiting adults (28.8%) to sleep 6

hours or less (Table 7.1 and

Figure 7.2).

Geographic Region

+	 Adults living in the West (66.5%)

were the most likely to sleep 7 to 8

hours compared with adults in the

Midwest (62.7%), South (63.0%),

and Northeast (61.9%) (Table 7.1).
Series 10, No. 245 [ Page 63

Table 7.1. Age-adjusted percent distributions (with standard errors) of usual hours of sleep for adults 18 years of age and over, by selected

characteristics: United States, 2005–2007

Hours of sleep1

Selected characteristic Total 6 or less 7–8 9 or more

Both sexes Percent distribution (standard error)

Ages 18 years and over (age-adjusted)2 ............. 100.0 28.0 (0.22) 63.5 (0.24) 8.5 (0.12)

Ages 18 years and over (crude)2 .................. 100.0 28.1 (0.22) 63.5 (0.24) 8.4 (0.12)

Age:3

18–24 years ............................. 100.0 22.8 (0.63) 64.7 (0.71) 12.5 (0.49)

25–44 years ............................. 100.0 30.2 (0.34) 64.1 (0.36) 5.8 (0.17)

45–64 years ............................. 100.0 30.4 (0.38) 63.5 (0.40) 6.1 (0.19)

65–74 years ............................. 100.0 23.9 (0.60) 63.5 (0.64) 12.6 (0.44)

75 years and over.......................... 100.0 21.9 (0.59) 58.0 (0.69) 20.2 (0.59)

Race:

White, single race .......................... 100.0 27.0 (0.25) 64.7 (0.27) 8.3 (0.14)

Black or African American, single race ............. 100.0 34.2 (0.56) 55.5 (0.60) 10.3 (0.34)

American Indian or Alaska Native, single race ........ 100.0 30.2 (2.35) 57.3 (2.99) 12.5 (1.90)

Asian, single race .......................... 100.0 29.4 (0.93) 63.7 (0.99) 6.9 (0.57)

Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander, single race.... 100.0 36.3 (5.67) 60.2 (5.64) †

Two or more races ......................... 100.0 33.9 (1.94) 53.9 (2.06) 12.2 (1.65)

Black or African American, white ............... 100.0 36.3 (5.08) 56.2 (5.33) 7.5 (2.16)

American Indian or Alaska Native, white........... 100.0 31.0 (2.53) 55.0 (2.80) 14.1 (2.69)

Hispanic or Latino origin and race:

Hispanic or Latino .......................... 100.0 26.3 (0.53) 65.3 (0.54) 8.4 (0.30)

Mexican or Mexican American ................. 100.0 23.1 (0.66) 66.9 (0.71) 9.9 (0.44)

Not Hispanic or Latino ....................... 100.0 28.5 (0.24) 63.0 (0.27) 8.5 (0.14)

White, single race ........................ 100.0 27.4 (0.28) 64.4 (0.30) 8.2 (0.15)

Black or African American, single race ............ 100.0 34.3 (0.56) 55.4 (0.61) 10.3 (0.35)

Education:

Less than high school graduate ................. 100.0 27.8 (0.51) 59.8 (0.55) 12.4 (0.36)

GED diploma4 ............................ 100.0 36.3 (1.33) 52.2 (1.32) 11.4 (1.01)

High school graduate ........................ 100.0 27.9 (0.39) 62.8 (0.45) 9.3 (0.27)

Some college—no degree ..................... 100.0 30.1 (0.46) 61.5 (0.51) 8.4 (0.30)

Associate of arts degree ...................... 100.0 29.9 (0.62) 63.2 (0.67) 6.8 (0.37)

Bachelor of arts, science degree ................. 100.0 24.9 (0.48) 69.3 (0.49) 5.8 (0.27)

Masters, doctorate, medical degree ............... 100.0 24.4 (0.67) 70.2 (0.71) 5.4 (0.33)

Poverty status:5

Below poverty level ......................... 100.0 31.7 (0.61) 55.8 (0.63) 12.5 (0.41)

≥1 and <2 times poverty level .................. 100.0 30.3 (0.52) 59.8 (0.53) 9.8 (0.36)

≥2 and <4 times poverty level .................. 100.0 28.0 (0.38) 63.2 (0.39) 8.7 (0.23)

4 times poverty level or more ................... 100.0 25.9 (0.36) 67.6 (0.40) 6.5 (0.22)

Marital status:

Never married ............................ 100.0 27.7 (0.54) 62.4 (0.60) 9.9 (0.35)

Married ................................ 100.0 27.0 (0.29) 65.8 (0.30) 7.2 (0.16)

Cohabiting .............................. 100.0 28.8 (0.99) 61.4 (1.11) 9.8 (0.75)

Divorced or separated ....................... 100.0 36.3 (0.58) 56.6 (0.59) 7.1 (0.29)

Widowed ............................... 100.0 37.1 (2.60) 54.0 (2.59) 8.8 (1.18)

Geographic region:

Northeast ............................... 100.0 31.0 (0.49) 61.9 (0.56) 7.2 (0.27)

Midwest ................................ 100.0 29.0 (0.47) 62.7 (0.51) 8.4 (0.25)

South ................................. 100.0 27.9 (0.36) 63.0 (0.40) 9.1 (0.22)

West .................................. 100.0 24.6 (0.44) 66.5 (0.48) 8.9 (0.26)

Men

Ages 18 years and over (age-adjusted)2 ............. 100.0 28.4 (0.32) 63.6 (0.34) 8.0 (0.18)

Ages 18 years and over (crude)2 .................. 100.0 28.7 (0.32) 63.6 (0.34) 7.7 (0.18)

Age:3

18–24 years ............................. 100.0 22.4 (0.89) 66.0 (1.04) 11.6 (0.73)

25–44 years ............................. 100.0 32.1 (0.51) 63.3 (0.52) 4.6 (0.23)

45–64 years ............................. 100.0 30.8 (0.54) 63.5 (0.56) 5.7 (0.26)

65–74 years ............................. 100.0 21.9 (0.85) 64.2 (0.94) 13.9 (0.70)

75 years and over.......................... 100.0 18.7 (0.91) 60.3 (1.12) 21.0 (0.97)

See footnotes at end of table.
Page 64 [ Series 10, No. 245

Table 7.1. Age-adjusted percent distributions (with standard errors) of usual hours of sleep for adults 18 years of age and over, by

selected characteristics: United States, 2005–2007—Con.

Hours of sleep1

Selected characteristic Total 6 or less 7–8 9 or more

Men—Con. Percent distribution (standard error)

Race:

White, single race .......................... 100.0 27.6 (0.36) 64.7 (0.39) 7.6 (0.20)

Black or African American, single race ............. 100.0 34.1 (0.86) 56.0 (0.90) 10.0 (0.53)

American Indian or Alaska Native, single race ........ 100.0 26.3 (3.68) 61.5 (4.07) 12.2 (2.87)

Asian, single race .......................... 100.0 30.2 (1.32) 62.8 (1.42) 7.0 (0.86)

Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander, single race.... 100.0 34.8 (9.00) 59.4 (8.88) †

Two or more races ......................... 100.0 30.4 (2.72) 55.7 (3.10) 13.9 (2.96)

Black or African American, white ............... 100.0 34.9 (8.35) 56.5 (8.17) †

American Indian or Alaska Native, white........... 100.0 27.4 (3.71) 56.9 (4.30) 15.6 (4.44)

Hispanic or Latino origin and race:

Hispanic or Latino .......................... 100.0 25.8 (0.78) 67.1 (0.79) 7.1 (0.40)

Mexican or Mexican American ................. 100.0 22.4 (0.99) 68.8 (1.04) 8.8 (0.61)

Not Hispanic or Latino ....................... 100.0 29.0 (0.35) 62.9 (0.37) 8.1 (0.20)

White, single race ........................ 100.0 28.3 (0.40) 64.0 (0.43) 7.6 (0.22)

Black or African American, single race ............ 100.0 34.1 (0.88) 55.8 (0.91) 10.1 (0.54)

Education:

Less than high school graduate ................. 100.0 25.9 (0.74) 62.1 (0.80) 11.9 (0.55)

GED diploma4 ............................ 100.0 36.2 (1.86) 52.5 (1.94) 11.3 (1.50)

High school graduate ........................ 100.0 28.1 (0.56) 62.9 (0.65) 8.9 (0.37)

Some college—no degree ..................... 100.0 31.2 (0.71) 60.8 (0.76) 7.9 (0.44)

Associate of arts degree ...................... 100.0 30.8 (0.99) 63.1 (1.07) 6.1 (0.57)

Bachelor of arts, science degree ................. 100.0 26.6 (0.70) 68.2 (0.73) 5.2 (0.38)

Masters, doctorate, medical degree ............... 100.0 26.3 (0.99) 69.7 (1.03) 4.0 (0.36)

Poverty status:5

Below poverty level ......................... 100.0 29.5 (0.94) 58.0 (1.01) 12.5 (0.67)

≥1 and <2 times poverty level .................. 100.0 29.4 (0.80) 60.6 (0.80) 10.0 (0.55)

≥2 and <4 times poverty level .................. 100.0 28.8 (0.60) 62.8 (0.59) 8.4 (0.36)

4 times poverty level or more ................... 100.0 27.7 (0.51) 66.5 (0.55) 5.8 (0.30)

Marital status:

Never married ............................ 100.0 27.3 (0.79) 62.8 (0.87) 9.9 (0.52)

Married ................................ 100.0 28.4 (0.43) 65.3 (0.45) 6.3 (0.21)

Cohabiting .............................. 100.0 30.6 (1.41) 61.0 (1.50) 8.4 (0.95)

Divorced or separated ....................... 100.0 36.7 (0.95) 56.3 (0.99) 6.9 (0.46)

Widowed ............................... 100.0 44.7 (5.79) 48.9 (5.74) 6.4 (1.05)

Geographic region:

Northeast ............................... 100.0 32.2 (0.73) 60.9 (0.80) 7.0 (0.44)

Midwest ................................ 100.0 29.4 (0.70) 62.7 (0.75) 7.8 (0.36)

South ................................. 100.0 28.2 (0.51) 63.3 (0.55) 8.5 (0.31)

West .................................. 100.0 24.6 (0.62) 67.2 (0.68) 8.2 (0.39)

Women

Ages 18 years and over (age-adjusted)2 ............. 100.0 27.5 (0.28) 63.4 (0.31) 9.1 (0.16)

Ages 18 years and over (crude)2 .................. 100.0 27.6 (0.28) 63.3 (0.30) 9.1 (0.16)

Age:3

18–24 years ............................. 100.0 23.2 (0.83) 63.4 (0.95) 13.4 (0.68)

25–44 years ............................. 100.0 28.3 (0.45) 64.8 (0.47) 6.9 (0.24)

45–64 years ............................. 100.0 30.0 (0.48) 63.6 (0.51) 6.4 (0.26)

65–74 years ............................. 100.0 25.7 (0.81) 62.9 (0.87) 11.4 (0.55)

75 years and over.......................... 100.0 23.9 (0.76) 56.5 (0.88) 19.6 (0.72)

Race:

White, single race .......................... 100.0 26.2 (0.31) 64.8 (0.34) 8.9 (0.18)

Black or African American, single race ............. 100.0 34.3 (0.72) 55.2 (0.78) 10.6 (0.41)

American Indian or Alaska Native, single race ........ 100.0 33.8 (2.99) 53.0 (3.28) 13.1 (2.42)

Asian, single race .......................... 100.0 28.5 (1.33) 64.6 (1.40) 6.8 (0.73)

Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander, single race.... 100.0 38.9 (7.27) 60.1 (7.27) †

Two or more races ......................... 100.0 37.1 (2.73) 51.9 (2.62) 10.9 (1.54)

Black or African American, white ............... 100.0 37.6 (6.18) 54.1 (6.22) *8.3 (2.95)

American Indian or Alaska Native, white........... 100.0 35.0 (3.60) 52.5 (3.74) 12.5 (2.41)

See footnotes at end of table.
Series 10, No. 245 [ Page 65

Table 7.1. Age-adjusted percent distributions (with standard errors) of usual hours of sleep for adults 18 years of age and over, by

selected characteristics: United States, 2005–2007—Con.

Hours of sleep1

Selected characteristic Total 6 or less 7–8 9 or more

Women—Con. Percent distribution (standard error)

Hispanic or Latino origin and race:

Hispanic or Latino .......................... 100.0 26.7 (0.70) 63.6 (0.74) 9.7 (0.45)

Mexican or Mexican American ................. 100.0 23.8 (0.88) 65.1 (0.97) 11.1 (0.63)

Not Hispanic or Latino ....................... 100.0 27.8 (0.31) 63.2 (0.34) 9.0 (0.18)

White, single race ........................ 100.0 26.5 (0.35) 64.8 (0.39) 8.8 (0.20)

Black or African American, single race ............ 100.0 34.4 (0.73) 55.2 (0.78) 10.4 (0.41)

Education:

Less than high school graduate ................. 100.0 29.6 (0.67) 57.3 (0.73) 13.0 (0.48)

GED diploma4 ............................ 100.0 36.3 (1.88) 52.1 (1.90) 11.6 (1.34)

High school graduate ........................ 100.0 27.5 (0.54) 62.7 (0.60) 9.8 (0.37)

Some college—no degree ..................... 100.0 29.1 (0.61) 62.1 (0.67) 8.8 (0.40)

Associate of arts degree ...................... 100.0 29.2 (0.82) 63.3 (0.89) 7.4 (0.49)

Bachelor of arts, science degree ................. 100.0 23.3 (0.61) 70.3 (0.66) 6.4 (0.37)

Masters, doctorate, medical degree ............... 100.0 22.9 (0.89) 70.4 (0.95) 6.6 (0.53)

Poverty status:5

Below poverty level ......................... 100.0 33.2 (0.70) 54.2 (0.73) 12.6 (0.51)

≥1 and <2 times poverty level .................. 100.0 31.0 (0.65) 59.2 (0.67) 9.8 (0.42)

≥2 and <4 times poverty level .................. 100.0 27.3 (0.50) 63.6 (0.56) 9.1 (0.32)

4 times poverty level or more ................... 100.0 23.9 (0.47) 68.8 (0.51) 7.3 (0.30)

Marital status:

Never married ............................ 100.0 28.2 (0.78) 61.9 (0.83) 9.9 (0.48)

Married ................................ 100.0 25.8 (0.38) 66.2 (0.39) 8.0 (0.22)

Cohabiting .............................. 100.0 26.7 (1.29) 62.0 (1.60) 11.2 (1.20)

Divorced or separated ....................... 100.0 35.9 (0.77) 56.8 (0.78) 7.3 (0.38)

Widowed ............................... 100.0 34.6 (2.72) 55.7 (2.80) 9.7 (1.51)

Geographic region:

Northeast ............................... 100.0 29.8 (0.66) 62.9 (0.70) 7.4 (0.36)

Midwest ................................ 100.0 28.4 (0.57) 62.6 (0.62) 9.0 (0.33)

South ................................. 100.0 27.6 (0.48) 62.7 (0.52) 9.7 (0.28)

West .................................. 100.0 24.5 (0.58) 65.9 (0.65) 9.6 (0.34)

† Estimates with a relative standard error greater than 50% are indicated with a dagger, but are not shown.
 

1

Based on the question, ‘‘How many hours of sleep do you usually get in a 24 hour period?. Response options were 1–24 hours.
 

2

Persons of other races and unknown race and ethnicity, unknown education, unknown poverty status, and unknown marital status are included in the total.
 

3

Estimates for age groups are not age adjusted.
 

4

GED is General Educational Development high school equivalency diploma.
 

5

Poverty status is based on family income and family size using the U.S. Census Bureau poverty thresholds for 2004, 2005, and 2006.
 

NOTES: Unless otherwise specified, estimates are age adjusted using the projected 2000 U.S. population as the standard population and using three age groups: 18–44 years, 45–64 years, and 65

years and over. For crude percent distributions, refer to Appendix Table XIX. Denominator for each percent distribution excludes persons with unknown number of hours of sleep. See Appendix II for

definitions of terms. See Appendix III for health behavior questions.

DATA SOURCE: National Health Interview Survey, 2005–2007. Estimates are based on household interviews of a sample of the civilian noninstitutionalized population.
Page 66 [ Series 10, No. 245

Chapter 8

Summary and

Conclusions

Summary

This chapter summarizes the major

findings described in the earlier

chapters, but from a different viewpoint.

Rather than describing variations in

prevalence of individual behaviors, this

chapter focuses on population

subgroups, highlighting the differences

across the behaviors. Table 8.1 shows a

comparison of ‘‘unhealthy’’ behaviors

across population subgroups, while

Table 8.2 presents the same comparisons

for ‘‘healthy’’ behaviors. Because

behaviors may occur on a continuum,

classification of ‘‘healthy’’ and

‘‘unhealthy’’ was not always

straightforward. Although there is little

controversy over the classification of

‘‘current cigarette smoker’’ as

‘‘unhealthy,’’ the decision to present

only ‘‘never smoked cigarettes’’ in the

table on ‘‘healthy behaviors’’ was

somewhat arbitrary. One might also

have shown ‘‘not current cigarette

smoker.’’ Similarly, the presentation of

‘‘five or more drinks in 1 day’’ is only

one indicator of possibly harmful levels

of alcohol consumption (7).

Classification of healthy alcohol use is

even more problematic, as studies on the

health benefits of light or moderate

alcohol use abound but a clear

consensus on ‘‘healthy alcohol use’’ has

not been reached (7).

Unhealthy behaviors (Table 8.1)

Overall, 1 in 5 U.S. adults had five

or more drinks in a single day at least

once in the past year; 1 in 5 adults were

current cigarette smokers; 4 in 10 adults

were physically inactive in their leisure

time; 1 in 4 adults were obese; and

about 3 in 10 adults averaged 6 hours or

less of sleep in a 24-hour period.

Examination of sex differences in

these unhealthy behaviors revealed that

men were more than twice as likely as

women to have consumed five or more

drinks in 1 day in the past year. Men

were also more likely than women to be

current smokers and to sleep 6 hours or

less, although the gender differences

were more modest than for having had

five or more drinks of alcohol. Men

were somewhat less likely than women

to be physically inactive in terms of

leisure-time physical activities. Men and

women did not differ in terms of

prevalence of obesity.

Overall, compared with adults in

most other age groups, adults aged

18–24 years were more likely to have

had five or more drinks in 1 day at least

once in the past year and to be current

smokers; they were less likely to be

physically inactive in their leisure-time,

to be obese, or to sleep 6 hours or less.

Adults aged 25–64 years were the most

likely to sleep 6 hours or less compared

with both the youngest and the two

oldest age groups.

Variations in prevalence of

unhealthy behaviors by race and

ethnicity were found. Asian adults had

significantly lower rates of ‘‘at risk’’

drinking (that is, having five or more

drinks in 1 day at least once in the past

year), current smoking, and obesity

compared with all other race groups.

Prevalence of ‘‘at risk’’ drinking was

nearly twice as high among white adults

(22.5%) as among black adults (11.9%),

whereas prevalence of leisure-time

physical inactivity and obesity were

markedly higher among black adults

than white adults. Overall, adults of

Hispanic origin were less likely to have

had five or more drinks in 1 day at least

once in the past year, to be current

smokers, or to average 6 hours or less

of sleep, but were more likely to be

physically inactive and more likely to be

obese compared with non-Hispanic

adults. Differences between Hispanic

and non-Hispanic adults were

particularly noteworthy for women.

Hispanic women had very low rates of

smoking compared with non-Hispanic

white women and non-Hispanic black

women. Hispanic women also had much

lower rates of having had five or more

drinks at least once in the past year than

non-Hispanic white women.

Educational differences in health

behaviors are generally consistent across

the behaviors studied. Adults with

higher levels of education were less

likely than those with fewer years of

education to be current smokers, to be

physically inactive in their leisure time,

to be obese, and to sleep 6 hours or less

in a 24-hour period. The association

between education and alcohol

consumption was more complex, with

prevalence of having five or more

drinks in 1 day at least once in the past

year lowest among adults who had not

graduated from high school and those

who had achieved a masters degree or

higher, and higher among those with

levels of education in between. One of

the most interesting findings with

respect to education and health

behaviors was the prevalence of some of

the behaviors among adults who had

obtained a GED diploma. Although on

the educational achievement continuum,

this group falls between those who

graduated from high school and those

who did not; in some cases their health

behaviors are very different from both

of these groups. GED holders were

more likely than both nonhigh school

graduates and high school graduates to

have had five or more drinks in 1 day at

least once in the past year. Similarly,

GED holders were more likely than both

nonhigh school graduates and high

school graduates to be current smokers.

Adults with a GED were less likely than

nonhigh school graduates and more

likely than high school graduates to be

physically inactive. Adults with a GED

were similar to nonhigh school

graduates in terms of prevalence of

obesity. GED holders were more likely

to sleep 6 hours or less than nonhigh

school graduates and high school

graduates.

Prevalence of engaging in unhealthy

behaviors did not show a consistent

association with family income level.

Whereas prevalence of cigarette

smoking and lack of leisure-time

physical activity declined steadily with

increasing family income for both men

and women, prevalence of having had

five or more drinks in 1 day at least

once in the past year increased

modestly, most notably among adults at

the highest family income level.

Prevalence of obesity declined sharply

with increasing family income for

women but not for men. Women at the

lower family income levels were more
Series 10, No. 245 [ Page 67

likely to average 6 hours or less of sleep

than women with higher family

incomes. No family income differences

in sleep were noted for men.

Some interesting marital status

differences were noted in prevalence of

unhealthy behaviors, but the findings

were not consistent across the behaviors

and were not always the same for men

and women. Married adults, both men

and women, had lower prevalence of

current cigarette smoking than all other

marital status groups. Widowed women

(but not men) had the lowest prevalence

of ‘‘at risk’’ drinking. Married women

had among the lowest and married men

had among the highest rates of obesity

compared with other marital status

groups. Rates of ‘‘at risk’’ drinking and

smoking were higher for cohabiting

(that is, living together as if married)

adults than for married adults. Divorced

or separated adults were more likely to

sleep 6 hours or less than adults in most

other marital status categories.

Some variations were found in

prevalence of unhealthy behaviors by

geographic region, although the results

did not provide any clear and systematic

picture of differences by this

characteristic. Adults living in the South

had the lowest prevalence of having had

five or more drinks in 1 day at least

once in the past year, the highest

prevalence of being physically inactive

in leisure time, and among the highest

prevalence of obesity. Adults living in

the West had the lowest smoking rates

compared with adults living in other

regions and were the least likely to

average 6 hours or less of sleep in a

24-hour period.

Healthy behaviors (Table 8.2)

Overall, about 6 in 10 adults had

never smoked cigarettes, about 3 in 10

were regularly physically active in their

leisure time, almost 4 in 10 were of

healthy weight, and about 6 in 10

usually slept 7 to 8 hours in a 24-hour

period.

Women were more likely than men

to have never smoked cigarettes, and to

be of healthy body weight; men were

more likely than women to engage in

regular leisure-time physical activity.

Men and women were equally likely to

sleep 7 to 8 hours a night.

Younger adults were more likely

than older adults to have never smoked

cigarettes, to engage in regular

leisure-time physical activity, and to be

of healthy weight. Adults aged 75 years

and over were less likely than all other

age groups to average 7 to 8 hours of

sleep in a 24-hour period.

Prevalence of healthy behaviors was

not consistent across race or Hispanic

origin subgroups. Black and Asian

adults were more likely than white

adults to have never smoked cigarettes.

White adults and Asian adults were

more likely than black adults to engage

in regular leisure-time physical activity

and to sleep 7 to 8 hours. Asian adults

were the group most likely to be of

healthy weight. White women were

considerably more likely than black

women to be of healthy weight, whereas

prevalence of healthy weight was about

the same for white men and black men.

Prevalence of sleeping 7 to 8 hours was

similar for Asian adults and white

adults; both groups were more likely

than black adults to sleep this amount.

Hispanic adults were more likely

than non-Hispanic adults to have never

smoked cigarettes and to average 7 to 8

hours of sleep, but Hispanic adults were

less likely than non-Hispanic adults to

engage in regular leisure-time physical

activity and to be of healthy weight.

Prevalence of healthy behaviors was

strongly associated with education:

persons with higher levels of education

were more likely than those with less

education to have never smoked

cigarettes, to be regularly physically

active in their leisure time, to be of

healthy weight, and to usually sleep 7 to

8 hours in a 24-hour period.

The associations between family

income level and healthy behaviors

varied by behavior and in some cases

differed for men and women. Among

women, prevalence of regular

leisure-time physical activity and

prevalence of healthy body weight

showed clear and consistent positive

associations with family income level.

In contrast, among men, prevalence of

regular leisure-time physical activity

increased but prevalence of healthy

weight decreased with increased level of

family income. For both men and

women, prevalence of never having

smoked cigarettes and usually sleeping 7

to 8 hours in a night increased between

the lowest and highest level of family

income.

Findings related to marital status

were mixed. Never married and married

adults were more likely than adults in

the other marital status groups to have

never smoked cigarettes. Never married

men were more likely than married men

to be of healthy weight although the

same was not found for women; never

married women and married women

were about equally likely to be of

healthy weight. Married adults—both

men and women—were more likely than

adults who were not married to usually

sleep 7 to 8 hours in a 24-hour period.

Prevalence of health behaviors

varied by region, but no one region

stood out as having consistently higher

prevalence of healthy behaviors. Adults

living in the West had the highest

prevalence of never having smoked

cigarettes and usually sleeping 7 to 8

hours in a 24-hour period. Adults living

in the West were similar to adults living

in the Northeast in terms of prevalence

of healthy body weight. Adults living in

the South were the least likely to engage

in regular physical activity.

Conclusions

This report highlights

sociodemographic variations in alcohol

use, cigarette smoking, leisure-time

physical activity, body weight status,

and usually sleeping 7 to 8 hours in a

24-hour period among adults in the

United States during the period

2005–2007. It is the fourth report since

1997, when the NHIS began collecting

annual data on health behaviors to

examine variations in these key health

indicators among important population

subgroups. Since 1997, rates of cigarette

smoking have declined by several

percentage points, rates of obesity have

climbed, and rates of alcohol use,

leisure-time physical activity, and sleep

(introduced in 2004) have remained

relatively unchanged. Comparisons of

the findings presented in this report for

2005–2007 with those for earlier periods

can help identify subgroups that may

have benefited more or less than others
Page 68 [ Series 10, No. 245

by the major health promotion initiatives

that have been underway in this country

in the past decade. Readers interested in

trends are encouraged to refer to these

earlier reports (29–34).
Series 10, No. 245 [ Page 69

Table 8.1. Age-adjusted percentages (with standard errors) of adults 18 years of age and over who engaged in selected unhealthy

behaviors, by selected characteristics: United States, average annual, 2005–2007

Selected unhealthy behaviors

Five or more

drinks in 1 day Current Physically Slept

at least once cigarette inactive 6 hours

Selected characteristic (past year)1 smoker2 (leisure time)3 Obese4 or less5

Both sexes Percent (standard error)

Ages 18 years and over (age-adjusted)6 ............. 20.5 (0.24) 20.4 (0.21) 39.7 (0.40) 25.4 (0.22) 28.0 (0.22)

Ages 18 years and over (crude)6 .................. 20.2 (0.25) 20.5 (0.21) 39.7 (0.40) 25.6 (0.22) 28.1 (0.22)

Age:7

18–24 years ............................. 31.9 (0.84) 23.5 (0.67) 33.7 (0.79) 16.0 (0.52) 22.8 (0.63)

25–44 years ............................. 27.4 (0.40) 23.4 (0.32) 35.5 (0.51) 26.1 (0.34) 30.2 (0.34)

45–64 years ............................. 15.6 (0.29) 21.6 (0.34) 39.9 (0.50) 30.3 (0.39) 30.4 (0.38)

65–74 years ............................. 6.1 (0.33) 12.4 (0.44) 48.0 (0.82) 27.5 (0.62) 23.9 (0.60)

75 years and over.......................... 2.2 (0.22) 5.1 (0.31) 60.4 (0.80) 17.2 (0.52) 21.9 (0.59)

Race:

White, single race . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22.5 (0.28) 20.9 (0.24) 38.1 (0.43) 24.8 (0.24) 27.0 (0.25)

Black or African American, single race ............. 11.9 (0.39) 20.7 (0.49) 51.2 (0.75) 34.2 (0.57) 34.2 (0.56)

American Indian or Alaska Native, single race ........ 24.5 (2.88) 27.2 (3.07) 38.4 (2.39) 33.2 (2.47) 30.2 (2.35)

Asian, single race . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9.2 (0.59) 10.9 (0.63) 39.7 (1.07) 8.6 (0.57) 29.4 (0.93)

Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander, single race.... 21.1 (4.78) 16.5 (4.17) 42.0 (6.78) 29.0 (4.69) 36.3 (5.67)

Two or more races ......................... 21.6 (1.58) 24.7 (1.78) 37.1 (2.00) 31.2 (1.88) 33.9 (1.94)

Black or African American, white ............... 13.7 (3.14) 17.0 (3.02) 47.3 (4.53) 20.5 (3.60) 36.3 (5.08)

American Indian or Alaska Native, white........... 27.1 (2.58) 29.7 (2.86) 37.0 (2.85) 34.6 (2.57) 31.0 (2.53)

Hispanic or Latino origin and race:

Hispanic or Latino .......................... 17.2 (0.43) 14.2 (0.43) 53.5 (0.65) 27.6 (0.53) 26.3 (0.53)

Mexican or Mexican American . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18.8 (0.56) 14.1 (0.52) 53.2 (0.83) 29.8 (0.68) 23.1 (0.66)

Not Hispanic or Latino ....................... 21.2 (0.27) 21.6 (0.23) 37.5 (0.43) 25.0 (0.24) 28.5 (0.24)

White, single race ........................ 23.8 (0.32) 22.4 (0.27) 35.1 (0.47) 24.3 (0.26) 27.4 (0.28)

Black or African American, single race ............ 11.7 (0.40) 20.8 (0.50) 51.2 (0.77) 34.6 (0.59) 34.3 (0.56)

Education:

Less than high school graduate ................. 17.8 (0.49) 28.2 (0.56) 60.6 (0.65) 29.3 (0.51) 27.8 (0.51)

GED diploma8 ............................ 24.8 (1.20) 43.4 (1.33) 51.6 (1.42) 31.9 (1.30) 36.3 (1.33)

High school graduate ........................ 19.5 (0.40) 24.9 (0.40) 47.3 (0.63) 28.0 (0.42) 27.9 (0.39)

Some college—no degree ..................... 22.7 (0.49) 21.3 (0.43) 34.8 (0.58) 27.0 (0.47) 30.1 (0.46)

Associate of arts degree ...................... 21.5 (0.61) 19.9 (0.57) 32.9 (0.70) 27.4 (0.61) 29.9 (0.62)

Bachelor of arts, science degree ................. 22.4 (0.51) 10.3 (0.34) 25.0 (0.53) 18.9 (0.43) 24.9 (0.48)

Masters, doctorate, medical degree ............... 17.7 (0.63) 6.3 (0.33) 19.3 (0.61) 15.5 (0.55) 24.4 (0.67)

Poverty status:9

Below poverty level ......................... 17.2 (0.57) 28.3 (0.66) 57.5 (0.79) 28.8 (0.59) 31.7 (0.61)

≥1 and <2 times poverty level .................. 17.3 (0.44) 25.1 (0.50) 51.4 (0.65) 28.2 (0.47) 30.3 (0.52)

≥2 and <4 times poverty level .................. 20.0 (0.37) 21.8 (0.37) 40.8 (0.54) 26.7 (0.40) 28.0 (0.38)

4 times poverty level or more ................... 23.6 (0.40) 15.1 (0.29) 27.8 (0.46) 22.1 (0.33) 25.9 (0.36)

Marital status:

Never married ............................ 23.2 (0.49) 22.3 (0.51) 40.7 (0.67) 24.0 (0.55) 27.7 (0.54)

Married ................................ 17.7 (0.27) 16.2 (0.23) 38.0 (0.46) 26.0 (0.29) 27.0 (0.29)

Cohabiting .............................. 28.9 (0.89) 34.6 (0.97) 41.1 (1.15) 26.3 (0.94) 28.8 (0.99)

Divorced or separated ....................... 21.9 (0.54) 30.6 (0.56) 43.9 (0.68) 28.7 (0.57) 36.3 (0.58)

Widowed ............................... 10.6 (2.11) 28.3 (2.55) 53.6 (2.66) 31.7 (2.50) 37.1 (2.60)

Geographic region:

Northeast ............................... 21.4 (0.58) 19.0 (0.49) 37.6 (0.74) 23.5 (0.51) 31.0 (0.49)

Midwest . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25.1 (0.53) 23.4 (0.44) 34.4 (0.93) 26.9 (0.49) 29.0 (0.47)

South ................................. 17.6 (0.39) 21.3 (0.34) 46.0 (0.71) 26.9 (0.37) 27.9 (0.36)

West . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19.8 (0.46) 16.8 (0.43) 36.4 (0.68) 22.5 (0.42) 24.6 (0.44)

Men

Ages 18 years and over (age-adjusted)6 ............. 28.8 (0.37) 23.0 (0.31) 38.1 (0.47) 25.7 (0.30) 28.4 (0.32)

Ages 18 years and over (crude)6 .................. 28.9 (0.39) 23.4 (0.32) 38.0 (0.47) 26.0 (0.31) 28.7 (0.32)

Age:7

18–24 years ............................. 40.7 (1.25) 27.3 (1.02) 30.8 (1.05) 15.9 (0.76) 22.4 (0.89)

25–44 years ............................. 37.9 (0.61) 26.3 (0.48) 34.4 (0.65) 27.3 (0.49) 32.1 (0.51)

45–64 years ............................. 23.3 (0.50) 24.1 (0.50) 40.2 (0.63) 30.5 (0.53) 30.8 (0.54)

65–74 years ............................. 10.3 (0.62) 13.8 (0.69) 45.5 (1.12) 25.5 (0.91) 21.9 (0.85)

75 years and over.......................... 4.3 (0.47) 5.6 (0.53) 53.1 (1.23) 15.9 (0.86) 18.7 (0.91)

See footnotes at end of table.
Page 70 [ Series 10, No. 245

Table 8.1. Age-adjusted percentages (with standard errors) of adults 18 years of age and over who engaged in selected unhealthy

behaviors, by selected characteristics: United States, average annual, 2005–2007—Con.

Selected unhealthy behaviors

Five or more

drinks in 1 day Current Physically Slept

at least once cigarette inactive 6 hours

Selected characteristic (past year)1 smoker2 (leisure time)3 Obese4 or less5

Men—Con. Percent (standard error)

Race:

White, single race . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31.0 (0.42) 23.0 (0.35) 37.2 (0.51) 25.8 (0.33) 27.6 (0.36)

Black or African American, single race ............. 19.2 (0.75) 25.3 (0.82) 46.6 (1.03) 29.1 (0.82) 34.1 (0.86)

American Indian or Alaska Native, single race ........ 34.0 (4.19) 30.3 (4.73) 38.0 (3.68) 33.9 (4.01) 26.3 (3.68)

Asian, single race . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14.1 (1.05) 17.3 (1.11) 36.5 (1.41) 9.9 (0.84) 30.2 (1.32)

Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander, single race.... 30.5 (6.90) 26.1 (6.69) 45.6 (9.86) 35.5 (7.16) 34.8 (9.00)

Two or more races ......................... 28.6 (2.60) 23.8 (2.49) 36.9 (3.00) 33.5 (3.14) 30.4 (2.72)

Black or African American, white ............... 19.6 (5.72) 16.9 (4.89) 50.5 (6.91) *8.6 (3.07) 34.9 (8.35)

American Indian or Alaska Native, white........... 32.6 (3.80) 29.1 (3.83) 36.8 (4.11) 37.3 (3.83) 27.4 (3.71)

Hispanic or Latino origin and race:

Hispanic or Latino .......................... 27.0 (0.72) 18.6 (0.70) 51.5 (0.91) 25.7 (0.73) 25.8 (0.78)

Mexican or Mexican American . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30.0 (0.95) 19.1 (0.86) 52.1 (1.18) 26.7 (0.93) 22.4 (0.99)

Not Hispanic or Latino ....................... 29.2 (0.41) 23.9 (0.34) 35.8 (0.51) 25.6 (0.33) 29.0 (0.35)

White, single race ........................ 32.0 (0.48) 24.2 (0.40) 34.2 (0.57) 25.6 (0.37) 28.3 (0.40)

Black or African American, single race ............ 19.0 (0.78) 25.6 (0.85) 46.6 (1.05) 29.4 (0.85) 34.1 (0.88)

Education:

Less than high school graduate ................. 27.0 (0.79) 31.6 (0.81) 58.5 (0.90) 26.8 (0.72) 25.9 (0.74)

GED diploma8 ............................ 35.0 (1.84) 48.3 (1.92) 46.0 (2.08) 29.1 (1.76) 36.2 (1.86)

High school graduate ........................ 27.5 (0.64) 27.8 (0.60) 46.2 (0.81) 28.3 (0.59) 28.1 (0.56)

Some college—no degree ..................... 31.1 (0.80) 23.7 (0.67) 33.4 (0.80) 28.0 (0.72) 31.2 (0.71)

Associate of arts degree ...................... 31.8 (1.00) 23.1 (0.93) 31.4 (1.04) 28.1 (0.93) 30.8 (0.99)

Bachelor of arts, science degree ................. 30.4 (0.83) 11.8 (0.57) 22.9 (0.70) 21.4 (0.64) 26.6 (0.70)

Masters, doctorate, medical degree ............... 23.6 (1.04) 6.6 (0.51) 17.6 (0.81) 16.8 (0.84) 26.3 (0.99)

Poverty status:9

Below poverty level ......................... 26.2 (0.99) 31.8 (1.02) 55.2 (1.13) 23.3 (0.92) 29.5 (0.94)

≥1 and <2 times poverty level .................. 25.2 (0.75) 28.8 (0.81) 50.9 (0.98) 26.0 (0.71) 29.4 (0.80)

≥2 and <4 times poverty level .................. 28.0 (0.59) 24.9 (0.56) 40.2 (0.71) 27.4 (0.55) 28.8 (0.60)

4 times poverty level or more ................... 31.6 (0.61) 17.2 (0.44) 27.0 (0.55) 24.9 (0.49) 27.7 (0.51)

Marital status:

Never married ............................ 30.3 (0.73) 25.5 (0.75) 39.0 (0.90) 20.4 (0.69) 27.3 (0.79)

Married ................................ 25.9 (0.46) 18.3 (0.35) 37.7 (0.57) 28.4 (0.42) 28.4 (0.43)

Cohabiting .............................. 35.7 (1.28) 35.9 (1.31) 40.4 (1.55) 27.0 (1.28) 30.6 (1.41)

Divorced or separated ....................... 33.3 (0.94) 35.3 (0.86) 41.6 (1.00) 26.1 (0.83) 36.7 (0.95)

Widowed ............................... 31.3 (6.77) 34.8 (6.11) 48.2 (6.56) 30.0 (5.86) 44.7 (5.79)

Geographic region:

Northeast ............................... 29.9 (0.89) 20.7 (0.76) 34.7 (0.91) 24.3 (0.79) 32.2 (0.73)

Midwest . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34.2 (0.82) 25.7 (0.66) 33.5 (1.12) 27.6 (0.58) 29.4 (0.70)

South ................................. 25.5 (0.58) 24.2 (0.50) 44.3 (0.81) 27.0 (0.52) 28.2 (0.51)

West . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27.6 (0.72) 20.0 (0.63) 35.5 (0.82) 22.3 (0.58) 24.6 (0.62)

Women

Ages 18 years and over (age-adjusted)6 ............. 12.8 (0.22) 18.0 (0.24) 41.1 (0.45) 25.0 (0.29) 27.5 (0.28)

Ages 18 years and over (crude)6 .................. 12.3 (0.22) 17.8 (0.24) 41.3 (0.45) 25.3 (0.29) 27.6 (0.28)

Age:7

18–24 years ............................. 23.4 (0.89) 19.7 (0.80) 36.6 (1.03) 16.2 (0.70) 23.2 (0.83)

25–44 years ............................. 17.2 (0.39) 20.7 (0.41) 36.6 (0.57) 24.8 (0.44) 28.3 (0.45)

45–64 years ............................. 8.5 (0.29) 19.2 (0.40) 39.7 (0.62) 30.2 (0.52) 30.0 (0.48)

65–74 years ............................. 2.5 (0.28) 11.3 (0.57) 50.0 (1.01) 29.2 (0.84) 25.7 (0.81)

75 years and over.......................... 0.8 (0.18) 4.8 (0.37) 65.0 (0.91) 18.0 (0.66) 23.9 (0.76)

Race:

White, single race . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14.4 (0.27) 18.8 (0.28) 38.9 (0.48) 23.8 (0.32) 26.2 (0.31)

Black or African American, single race ............. 6.0 (0.34) 16.9 (0.54) 55.0 (0.87) 38.4 (0.73) 34.3 (0.72)

American Indian or Alaska Native, single race ........ 14.6 (2.23) 24.3 (2.82) 38.2 (3.12) 33.4 (3.42) 33.8 (2.99)

Asian, single race . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.5 (0.55) 4.8 (0.54) 42.9 (1.49) 7.1 (0.70) 28.5 (1.33)

Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander, single race.... *9.8 (3.54) † 40.5 (5.38) 21.8 (5.42) 38.9 (7.27)

Two or more races ......................... 15.0 (1.70) 25.6 (2.25) 37.6 (2.39) 28.7 (2.22) 37.1 (2.73)

Black or African American, white ............... 9.6 (2.86) 16.6 (3.54) 46.2 (5.93) 25.1 (4.46) 37.6 (6.18)

American Indian or Alaska Native, white........... 20.8 (3.06) 30.3 (3.57) 37.4 (3.51) 31.3 (3.27) 35.0 (3.60)

See footnotes at end of table.
Series 10, No. 245 [ Page 71

Table 8.1. Age-adjusted percentages (with standard errors) of adults 18 years of age and over who engaged in selected unhealthy

behaviors, by selected characteristics: United States, average annual, 2005–2007—Con.

Selected unhealthy behaviors

Five or more

drinks in 1 day Current Physically Slept

at least once cigarette inactive 6 hours

Selected characteristic (past year)1 smoker2 (leisure time)3 Obese4 or less5

Women—Con. Percent (standard error)

Hispanic or Latino origin and race:

Hispanic or Latino .......................... 7.0 (0.36) 9.6 (0.42) 55.4 (0.80) 29.3 (0.70) 26.7 (0.70)

Mexican or Mexican American ................. 6.8 (0.43) 8.6 (0.52) 54.3 (1.03) 32.9 (0.96) 23.8 (0.88)

Not Hispanic or Latino ....................... 13.8 (0.25) 19.3 (0.28) 38.9 (0.49) 24.5 (0.31) 27.8 (0.31)

White, single race ........................ 16.0 (0.31) 20.7 (0.33) 35.8 (0.53) 22.9 (0.35) 26.5 (0.35)

Black or African American, single race ............ 5.9 (0.34) 17.0 (0.55) 54.8 (0.89) 38.8 (0.74) 34.4 (0.73)

Education:

Less than high school graduate ................. 8.2 (0.44) 24.5 (0.70) 62.7 (0.78) 31.9 (0.73) 29.6 (0.67)

GED diploma8 ............................ 14.0 (1.23) 38.2 (1.77) 57.6 (1.81) 35.0 (1.75) 36.3 (1.88)

High school graduate ........................ 11.4 (0.42) 21.9 (0.54) 48.4 (0.72) 27.8 (0.57) 27.5 (0.54)

Some college—no degree ..................... 15.4 (0.51) 19.3 (0.53) 36.0 (0.71) 26.1 (0.60) 29.1 (0.61)

Associate of arts degree ...................... 13.4 (0.64) 17.4 (0.68) 34.0 (0.89) 26.9 (0.80) 29.2 (0.82)

Bachelor of arts, science degree ................. 14.7 (0.50) 8.9 (0.39) 27.1 (0.73) 16.4 (0.54) 23.3 (0.61)

Masters, doctorate, medical degree ............... 12.1 (0.65) 6.1 (0.43) 21.0 (0.88) 14.6 (0.71) 22.9 (0.89)

Poverty status:9

Below poverty level ......................... 10.7 (0.53) 25.8 (0.74) 59.2 (0.84) 32.8 (0.74) 33.2 (0.70)

≥1 and <2 times poverty level .................. 10.5 (0.43) 21.9 (0.58) 51.7 (0.79) 30.0 (0.64) 31.0 (0.65)

≥2 and <4 times poverty level .................. 12.4 (0.39) 18.8 (0.46) 41.2 (0.67) 26.0 (0.54) 27.3 (0.50)

4 times poverty level or more ................... 15.1 (0.42) 12.8 (0.36) 28.6 (0.60) 18.9 (0.44) 23.9 (0.47)

Marital status:

Never married ............................ 15.3 (0.54) 18.6 (0.63) 42.5 (0.93) 27.9 (0.80) 28.2 (0.78)

Married ................................ 10.1 (0.26) 14.2 (0.29) 38.3 (0.53) 23.8 (0.38) 25.8 (0.38)

Cohabiting .............................. 21.4 (1.02) 33.3 (1.38) 42.2 (1.68) 25.4 (1.43) 26.7 (1.29)

Divorced or separated ....................... 14.3 (0.59) 27.3 (0.71) 45.5 (0.82) 30.5 (0.76) 35.9 (0.77)

Widowed ............................... 4.8 (1.13) 26.4 (2.78) 55.1 (2.81) 32.0 (2.70) 34.6 (2.72)

Geographic region:

Northeast ............................... 13.9 (0.55) 17.5 (0.55) 40.0 (0.91) 22.7 (0.64) 29.8 (0.66)

Midwest ................................ 16.5 (0.48) 21.2 (0.56) 35.3 (0.93) 26.1 (0.71) 28.4 (0.57)

South ................................. 10.3 (0.34) 18.6 (0.40) 47.4 (0.82) 26.7 (0.47) 27.6 (0.48)

West .................................. 12.1 (0.47) 13.5 (0.44) 37.1 (0.76) 22.6 (0.50) 24.5 (0.58)

* Estimates preceded by an asterisk have a relative standard error of greater than 30% and less than or equal to 50%. These should be interpreted with caution as they do not meet the standard of
 

reliability or precision.
 

† Estimates with a relative standard error greater than 50% are indicated with a dagger, but are not shown.
 

1

Five or more drinks in 1 day at least once in the past year was asked of only current drinkers but estimates reflect percent of all adults who engaged in this behavior (as shown in Table 3.3).
 

2

Smoked at least 100 cigarettes in lifetime and currently smoked.
 

3

Never engaged in any light, moderate, or vigorous leisure-time physical activity.
 

4

Obese is defined as a body mass index (BMI) of greater than or equal to 30.
 

5

Usual number of hours of sleep in a 24-hour period.
 

6

Persons of other races and unknown race and ethnicity, unknown education, unknown poverty status, and unknown marital status are included in total.
 

7

Estimates for age groups are not age adjusted.
 

8

GED is General Educational Development high school equivalency diploma.
 

9

Poverty status is based on family income and family size using the U.S. Census Bureau poverty thresholds for 2004, 2005, and 2006.
 

NOTES: Unless otherwise specified, estimates are age adjusted using the projected 2000 U.S. population as the standard population and using three age groups: 18–44 years, 45–64 years, and 65
 

years and over. For crude percentages, refer to Appendix Table XX. Denominator for each percentage excludes persons with unknown health behavior characteristics. See Appendix II for definitions of
 

terms. See Appendix III for health behavior questions.
 

DATA SOURCE: National Health Interview Survey, 2005–2007. Estimates are based on household interviews of a sample of the civilian noninstitutionalized population.
Page 72 [ Series 10, No. 245

Table 8.2. Age-adjusted percentages (with standard errors) of adults 18 years of age and over who engaged in selected healthy behaviors,

by selected characteristics: United States, average annual, 2005–2007

Selected healthy behaviors

Never Any regular

smoked leisure-time Healthy Slept

Selected characteristic cigarettes1 physical activity2 weight3 7–8 hours4

Both sexes Percent (standard error)

Ages 18 years and over (age-adjusted)5 ............. 58.5 (0.26) 30.7 (0.29) 37.7 (0.25) 63.5 (0.24)

Ages 18 years and over (crude)5 .................. 58.1 (0.27) 30.6 (0.29) 37.3 (0.25) 63.5 (0.24)

Age:6

18–24 years ............................. 69.8 (0.74) 37.5 (0.76) 54.3 (0.73) 64.7 (0.71)

25–44 years ............................. 62.5 (0.37) 33.0 (0.40) 37.5 (0.37) 64.1 (0.36)

45–64 years ............................. 51.7 (0.43) 29.5 (0.43) 30.7 (0.36) 63.5 (0.40)

65–74 years ............................. 48.4 (0.69) 25.4 (0.67) 31.5 (0.65) 63.5 (0.64)

75 years and over.......................... 56.2 (0.75) 17.4 (0.60) 43.1 (0.71) 58.0 (0.69)

Race:

White, single race . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56.7 (0.29) 31.8 (0.32) 38.0 (0.28) 64.7 (0.27)

Black or African American, single race ............. 65.0 (0.56) 23.2 (0.55) 29.4 (0.53) 55.5 (0.60)

American Indian or Alaska Native, single race ........ 52.2 (4.62) 26.3 (2.30) 29.2 (2.25) 57.3 (2.99)

Asian, single race . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77.6 (0.84) 29.7 (0.96) 58.2 (1.02) 63.7 (0.99)

Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander, single race.... 71.0 (5.86) 30.8 (5.48) 32.7 (5.41) 60.2 (5.64)

Two or more races ......................... 50.9 (2.07) 29.7 (1.76) 33.1 (1.82) 53.9 (2.06)

Black or African American, white ............... 65.4 (4.73) 27.7 (4.22) 36.2 (4.81) 56.2 (5.33)

American Indian or Alaska Native, white........... 43.1 (3.02) 27.2 (2.58) 28.4 (2.54) 55.0 (2.80)

Hispanic or Latino origin and race:

Hispanic or Latino .......................... 70.2 (0.57) 22.3 (0.52) 31.3 (0.54) 65.3 (0.54)

Mexican or Mexican American . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70.7 (0.71) 22.0 (0.69) 29.4 (0.67) 66.9 (0.71)

Not Hispanic or Latino ....................... 56.7 (0.29) 32.0 (0.32) 38.7 (0.27) 63.0 (0.27)

White, single race ........................ 54.1 (0.33) 33.8 (0.36) 39.2 (0.31) 64.4 (0.30)

Black or African American, single race ............ 64.8 (0.57) 23.1 (0.56) 29.4 (0.54) 55.4 (0.61)

Education:

Less than high school graduate ................. 53.9 (0.62) 17.8 (0.48) 33.5 (0.52) 59.8 (0.55)

GED diploma7 ............................ 33.1 (1.28) 21.7 (1.20) 30.2 (1.31) 52.2 (1.32)

High school graduate ........................ 54.4 (0.47) 23.9 (0.44) 35.4 (0.48) 62.8 (0.45)

Some college—no degree ..................... 55.8 (0.55) 32.8 (0.53) 37.7 (0.52) 61.5 (0.51)

Associate of arts degree ...................... 57.3 (0.72) 34.2 (0.72) 34.4 (0.69) 63.2 (0.67)

Bachelor of arts, science degree ................. 67.8 (0.50) 42.3 (0.60) 43.1 (0.54) 69.3 (0.49)

Masters, doctorate, medical degree ............... 71.8 (0.66) 46.2 (0.76) 46.7 (0.77) 70.2 (0.71)

Poverty status:8

Below poverty level ......................... 56.2 (0.73) 19.9 (0.61) 36.8 (0.65) 55.8 (0.63)

≥1 and <2 times poverty level .................. 55.8 (0.58) 22.8 (0.54) 36.0 (0.54) 59.8 (0.53)

≥2 and <4 times poverty level .................. 56.7 (0.43) 28.8 (0.42) 36.6 (0.45) 63.2 (0.39)

4 times poverty level or more ................... 61.4 (0.39) 39.2 (0.41) 39.6 (0.41) 67.6 (0.40)

Marital status:

Never married ............................ 62.9 (0.62) 31.9 (0.58) 42.0 (0.60) 62.4 (0.60)

Married ................................ 60.2 (0.32) 30.8 (0.36) 35.2 (0.32) 65.8 (0.30)

Cohabiting .............................. 41.0 (1.10) 29.7 (1.03) 37.5 (1.05) 61.4 (1.11)

Divorced or separated ....................... 48.2 (0.61) 28.4 (0.58) 35.5 (0.59) 56.6 (0.59)

Widowed ............................... 50.9 (2.59) 19.7 (1.79) 33.9 (2.54) 54.0 (2.59)

Geographic region:

Northeast ............................... 57.8 (0.62) 32.2 (0.61) 39.8 (0.61) 61.9 (0.56)

Midwest . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54.8 (0.56) 32.0 (0.66) 36.9 (0.55) 62.7 (0.51)

South ................................. 59.1 (0.43) 27.4 (0.48) 36.1 (0.38) 63.0 (0.40)

West . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62.3 (0.56) 33.5 (0.57) 39.7 (0.53) 66.5 (0.48)

Men

Ages 18 years and over (age-adjusted)5 ............. 51.8 (0.37) 32.6 (0.38) 31.1 (0.33) 63.6 (0.34)

Ages 18 years and over (crude)5 .................. 51.8 (0.38) 32.7 (0.38) 30.7 (0.33) 63.6 (0.34)

Age:6

18–24 years ............................. 66.6 (1.11) 42.3 (1.12) 50.5 (1.06) 66.0 (1.04)

25–44 years ............................. 58.8 (0.54) 34.0 (0.54) 29.3 (0.49) 63.3 (0.52)

45–64 years ............................. 44.5 (0.58) 30.4 (0.56) 23.7 (0.48) 63.5 (0.56)

65–74 years ............................. 36.3 (0.96) 28.2 (0.96) 27.2 (0.87) 64.2 (0.94)

75 years and over.......................... 36.3 (1.18) 22.5 (0.99) 39.4 (1.09) 60.3 (1.12)

See footnotes at end of table.
Series 10, No. 245 [ Page 73

Table 8.2. Age-adjusted percentages (with standard errors) of adults 18 years of age and over who engaged in selected healthy behaviors,

by selected characteristics: United States, average annual, 2005–2007—Con.

Selected healthy behaviors

Never Any regular

smoked leisure-time Healthy Slept

Selected characteristic cigarettes1 physical activity2 weight3 7–8 hours4

Men—Con. Percent (standard error)

Race:

White, single race . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50.6 (0.41) 33.2 (0.42) 30.4 (0.36) 64.7 (0.39)

Black or African American, single race ............. 56.3 (0.88) 28.6 (0.92) 29.6 (0.84) 56.0 (0.90)

American Indian or Alaska Native, single race ........ 45.1 (5.50) 27.0 (3.34) 27.4 (3.39) 61.5 (4.07)

Asian, single race . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64.5 (1.42) 32.6 (1.41) 51.3 (1.47) 62.8 (1.42)

Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander, single race.... 63.7 (7.92) 23.3 (6.18) 27.5 (6.53) 59.4 (8.88)

Two or more races ......................... 46.4 (2.88) 29.8 (2.56) 25.2 (2.29) 55.7 (3.10)

Black or African American, white ............... 51.3 (8.09) 31.4 (5.82) 31.8 (6.38) 56.5 (8.17)

American Indian or Alaska Native, white........... 38.4 (4.10) 26.3 (3.49) 21.3 (2.99) 56.9 (4.30)

Hispanic or Latino origin and race:

Hispanic or Latino .......................... 59.4 (0.89) 24.3 (0.78) 27.0 (0.77) 67.1 (0.79)

Mexican or Mexican American . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59.3 (1.11) 23.4 (0.93) 25.8 (0.93) 68.8 (1.04)

Not Hispanic or Latino ....................... 50.5 (0.41) 34.1 (0.42) 31.7 (0.36) 62.9 (0.37)

White, single race ........................ 48.9 (0.46) 35.2 (0.48) 31.0 (0.41) 64.0 (0.43)

Black or African American, single race ............ 55.9 (0.90) 28.3 (0.94) 29.7 (0.86) 55.8 (0.91)

Education:

Less than high school graduate ................. 44.5 (0.89) 20.2 (0.74) 32.4 (0.78) 62.1 (0.80)

GED diploma7 ............................ 25.2 (1.67) 26.0 (1.96) 27.3 (1.76) 52.5 (1.94)

High school graduate ........................ 46.3 (0.65) 25.5 (0.63) 30.0 (0.60) 62.9 (0.65)

Some college—no degree ..................... 50.1 (0.80) 34.8 (0.82) 30.5 (0.74) 60.8 (0.76)

Associate of arts degree ...................... 50.8 (1.10) 37.1 (1.07) 25.7 (1.00) 63.1 (1.07)

Bachelor of arts, science degree ................. 62.3 (0.76) 44.3 (0.81) 31.6 (0.76) 68.2 (0.73)

Masters, doctorate, medical degree ............... 70.5 (0.97) 47.2 (1.13) 37.4 (1.13) 69.7 (1.03)

Poverty status:8

Below poverty level ......................... 48.3 (1.14) 22.8 (0.99) 37.5 (1.02) 58.0 (1.01)

≥1 and <2 times poverty level .................. 46.9 (0.90) 24.5 (0.81) 33.5 (0.84) 60.6 (0.80)

≥2 and <4 times poverty level .................. 49.4 (0.60) 30.0 (0.59) 30.0 (0.55) 62.8 (0.59)

4 times poverty level or more ................... 56.5 (0.56) 40.5 (0.56) 29.3 (0.56) 66.5 (0.55)

Marital status:

Never married ............................ 57.3 (0.89) 35.2 (0.82) 40.9 (0.82) 62.8 (0.87)

Married ................................ 53.8 (0.45) 30.7 (0.47) 25.9 (0.40) 65.3 (0.45)

Cohabiting .............................. 37.7 (1.41) 31.4 (1.45) 31.6 (1.38) 61.0 (1.50)

Divorced or separated ....................... 40.7 (0.95) 33.3 (0.94) 30.5 (0.88) 56.3 (0.99)

Widowed ............................... 38.3 (6.21) 14.2 (2.18) 30.9 (5.71) 48.9 (5.74)

Geographic region:

Northeast ............................... 53.1 (0.92) 34.4 (0.93) 31.8 (0.84) 60.9 (0.80)

Midwest . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48.5 (0.76) 33.8 (0.82) 30.2 (0.67) 62.7 (0.75)

South ................................. 51.6 (0.59) 29.7 (0.62) 30.1 (0.52) 63.3 (0.55)

West . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54.9 (0.78) 34.7 (0.74) 32.9 (0.71) 67.2 (0.68)

Women

Ages 18 years and over (age-adjusted)5 ............. 64.4 (0.33) 28.9 (0.35) 44.2 (0.34) 63.4 (0.31)

Ages 18 years and over (crude)5 .................. 64.0 (0.33) 28.7 (0.35) 43.8 (0.34) 63.3 (0.30)

Age:6

18–24 years ............................. 73.1 (0.89) 32.9 (0.95) 58.2 (0.97) 63.4 (0.95)

25–44 years ............................. 66.2 (0.48) 32.1 (0.51) 45.9 (0.52) 64.8 (0.47)

45–64 years ............................. 58.4 (0.56) 28.7 (0.53) 37.7 (0.54) 63.6 (0.51)

65–74 years ............................. 58.6 (0.92) 23.0 (0.84) 35.4 (0.96) 62.9 (0.87)

75 years and over.......................... 69.0 (0.85) 14.0 (0.68) 45.6 (0.90) 56.5 (0.88)

Race:

White, single race . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62.0 (0.37) 30.6 (0.40) 45.7 (0.39) 64.8 (0.34)

Black or African American, single race ............. 71.7 (0.66) 18.8 (0.58) 29.3 (0.67) 55.2 (0.78)

American Indian or Alaska Native, single race ........ 58.1 (3.91) 25.4 (2.62) 31.0 (3.02) 53.0 (3.28)

Asian, single race . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89.5 (0.77) 26.8 (1.27) 65.1 (1.39) 64.6 (1.40)

Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander, single race.... 78.8 (6.29) 39.9 (9.83) 37.1 (8.71) 60.1 (7.27)

Two or more races ......................... 54.1 (2.81) 29.6 (2.32) 40.7 (2.69) 51.9 (2.62)

Black or African American, white ............... 72.5 (4.92) 24.1 (5.63) 37.9 (6.48) 54.1 (6.22)

American Indian or Alaska Native, white........... 47.3 (4.11) 28.5 (3.62) 36.5 (4.15) 52.5 (3.74)

See footnotes at end of table.
Page 74 [ Series 10, No. 245

Table 8.2. Age-adjusted percentages (with standard errors) of adults 18 years of age and over who engaged in selected healthy behaviors,

by selected characteristics: United States, average annual, 2005–2007—Con.

Selected healthy behaviors

Never Any regular

smoked leisure-time Healthy Slept

Selected characteristic cigarettes1 physical activity2 weight3 7–8 hours4

Women—Con. Percent (standard error)

Hispanic or Latino origin and race:

Hispanic or Latino .......................... 80.4 (0.58) 20.5 (0.65) 35.8 (0.72) 63.6 (0.74)

Mexican or Mexican American ................. 82.2 (0.72) 20.6 (0.89) 33.4 (0.95) 65.1 (0.97)

Not Hispanic or Latino ....................... 62.1 (0.37) 30.2 (0.39) 45.4 (0.37) 63.2 (0.34)

White, single race ........................ 58.7 (0.42) 32.5 (0.45) 47.3 (0.43) 64.8 (0.39)

Black or African American, single race ............ 71.7 (0.66) 18.9 (0.59) 29.1 (0.67) 55.2 (0.78)

Education:

Less than high school graduate ................. 62.6 (0.76) 15.4 (0.55) 34.6 (0.73) 57.3 (0.73)

GED diploma7 ............................ 41.2 (1.81) 17.1 (1.35) 33.5 (1.88) 52.1 (1.90)

High school graduate ........................ 61.2 (0.65) 22.3 (0.57) 40.6 (0.66) 62.7 (0.60)

Some college—no degree ..................... 60.3 (0.69) 31.2 (0.64) 44.2 (0.71) 62.1 (0.67)

Associate of arts degree ...................... 61.9 (0.91) 32.0 (0.91) 41.4 (0.93) 63.3 (0.89)

Bachelor of arts, science degree ................. 73.3 (0.66) 40.4 (0.79) 54.8 (0.74) 70.3 (0.66)

Masters, doctorate, medical degree ............... 73.7 (0.90) 45.0 (1.05) 56.2 (1.05) 70.4 (0.95)

Poverty status:8

Below poverty level ......................... 61.3 (0.80) 17.9 (0.62) 36.4 (0.78) 54.2 (0.73)

≥1 and <2 times poverty level .................. 62.8 (0.66) 21.4 (0.60) 38.3 (0.69) 59.2 (0.67)

≥2 and <4 times poverty level .................. 63.3 (0.58) 27.7 (0.56) 43.3 (0.65) 63.6 (0.56)

4 times poverty level or more ................... 66.6 (0.51) 37.9 (0.58) 51.1 (0.62) 68.8 (0.51)

Marital status:

Never married ............................ 68.4 (0.80) 28.2 (0.76) 43.5 (0.87) 61.9 (0.83)

Married ................................ 67.0 (0.40) 30.7 (0.47) 44.5 (0.45) 66.2 (0.39)

Cohabiting .............................. 45.2 (1.74) 27.5 (1.47) 44.6 (1.67) 62.0 (1.60)

Divorced or separated ....................... 53.2 (0.76) 25.1 (0.67) 39.2 (0.77) 56.8 (0.78)

Widowed ............................... 54.3 (2.82) 21.3 (2.14) 34.8 (2.82) 55.7 (2.80)

Geographic region:

Northeast ............................... 61.7 (0.71) 30.3 (0.75) 47.3 (0.82) 62.9 (0.70)

Midwest ................................ 60.2 (0.76) 30.4 (0.79) 43.6 (0.80) 62.6 (0.62)

South ................................. 65.6 (0.51) 25.4 (0.57) 41.8 (0.54) 62.7 (0.52)

West .................................. 69.4 (0.67) 32.3 (0.71) 46.7 (0.66) 65.9 (0.65)

1

Never smoked cigarettes or smoked fewer than 100 cigarettes in lifetime.
 

2

Engaged in light-moderate leisure-time physical activity at least 5 times per week for at least 30 minutes each time or engaged in vigorous leisure-time physical activity at least 3 times per week for at
 

least 20 minutes each time or both.
 

3

Healthy weight is a BMI of greater than or equal to 18.5 and less than 25.
 

4

Usual number of hours of sleep in a 24-hour period.
 

5

Persons of other races and unknown race and ethnicity, unknown education, unknown poverty status, and unknown marital status are included in total.
 

6

Estimates for age groups are not age adjusted.
 

7

GED is General Educational Development high school equivalency diploma.
 

8

Poverty status is based on family income and family size using the U.S. Census Bureau poverty thresholds for 2004, 2005, and 2006.
 

NOTES: Unless otherwise specified, estimates are age adjusted using the projected 2000 U.S. population as the standard population and using three age groups: 18–44 years, 45–64 years, and 65
 

years and over. For crude percentages, refer to Appendix Table XXI. Denominator for each percentage excludes persons with unknown health behavior characteristics. See Appendix II for definitions of
 

terms. See Appendix III for health behavior questions.
 

DATA SOURCE: National Health Interview Survey, 2005–2007. Estimates are based on household interviews of a sample of the civilian noninstitutionalized population.
 
Series 10, No. 245 [ Page 75

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Series 10, No. 245 [ Page 77

Table I. Completed interviews and response rates by year: National Health Interview Survey, Appendix I 2005–2007

Technical Notes on Interviews and response rates 2005 2006 2007

Methods
 

Sample Design

The National Health Interview

Survey (NHIS) is a cross-sectional

household interview survey of the U.S.

civilian noninstitutionalized population.

Data are collected continuously

throughout the year in all 50 states and

the District of Columbia. NHIS uses a

multistage, clustered sample design to

produce national estimates for a variety

of health indicators. Information on

basic health topics is collected for all

household members, by proxy from one

family member for children and adults

not present at the time of interview.

Additional information is collected from

one randomly sampled adult and for one

randomly sampled child in each family.

Self-response is required for the Sample

Adult questionnaire except in the rare

case of sample adults who are

physically or mentally incapable of

responding for themselves. An adult

family member who is knowledgeable

about the sample child’s health provides

information for the child component.

Interviews are conducted in the home

using a computer-assisted personal

interview (CAPI) questionnaire.

Telephone follow-up is permitted if

subsequent in-home interviews cannot

be conducted.

Response Rates

The response rates for each of the

survey years included in this report are

shown in Table I. The household

response rate for the NHIS data years

2005–2007 combined was 86.9%. Of the

adults identified as eligible for the

Sample Adult interview, the conditional

response rate was 80%. The final

(unconditional) response rate for the

Sample Adult questionnaire for

2005–2007 (that is, taking into both

account household and family

nonresponse), was 69.2%. Procedures

used in calculating response rates for

combined data years are described in

Completed interviews Number

Household ...................... 38,509 29,204 29,266

Family ......................... 39,284 29,868 29,915

Sample adult..................... 31,428 24,275 23,393

Conditional response rates1 Percent

Family ......................... 99.5 99.6 99.4

Sample adult..................... 80.1 81.4 78.3

Final response rates2 Percent

Household ...................... 86.5 87.3 87.1

Family ......................... 86.1 87.0 86.6

Sample adult..................... 69.0 70.8 67.8

1

Conditional response rates are calculated by dividing the number of interviews by the number identified as eligible for the

interview.

2

Final response rates are calculated by multiplying the final household response rate by the conditional response rate for each

survey component.

detail in Appendix I of the Survey

Description of the NHIS data files

(35–37).

Item Nonresponse

Item nonresponse for each of the

sociodemographic indicators shown in

this report was less than 1%, with the

exception of the poverty threshold,

which is based on detailed family

income questions asked in the family

component of the questionnaire. Item

nonresponse for the poverty indicator

was 15.8%. (Imputation procedures used

for the poverty variable are described

below.) Item nonresponse for the health

behavior items was less than 6%. The

denominators for statistics shown in the

tables exclude persons with unknown

health behavior characteristics for a

given table. Estimates for persons with

unknown sociodemographic

characteristics are not shown separately,

but these persons are included in the

totals.

Imputed Income

The poverty status variable shown

in each table is based on detailed family

income for which item nonresponse is

relatively high. To reduce biases

associated with missing data,

information on family income and

personal earnings has been imputed by

NCHS analysts using multipleimputation methodology. Five ASCII

data sets containing imputed values for

the survey year and additional

information about the imputed income

files can be found at http://

www.cdc.gov/nchs/nhis.htm. The

imputed income files for 2005–2007

were used to calculate estimates by

poverty status shown in this report.

Additional information on the NHIS

income variables and imputation

procedures are available (40).

Age Adjustment

Data shown in this report were age

adjusted using the projected 2000 U.S.

population as the standard population

(54,55). Age adjustment was used to

allow comparison among various

population subgroups that have different

age structures and to allow comparison

of changes over time. Age adjustment is

particularly important when comparing

groups with different demographic

characteristics such as race and

ethnicity, education, and marital status.

The following age groups were used for

age adjustment: 18–44 years, 45–64

years, and 65 years and over (Table II).

Estimates were calculated using

software for statistical analysis of

correlated data (SUDAAN) (53). The

SUDAAN procedure PROC DESCRIPT

was used to produce age-adjusted

percents and their standard errors.
Page 78 [ Series 10, No. 245

Table II. Age distribution used in ageadjusting data shown in Chapters 3–8

Age

2000 U.S.

standard

population

(Thousands)

18 years and over ........

18–44 years ..........

45–64 years ..........

65 years and over ......

203,851

108,150

60,991

34,710

Tests of Significance

Statistical tests performed to assess

significance of differences between the

estimates were two-tailed with no

adjustments for multiple comparisons.

The test statistic used to determine the

statistical significance of differences

between two percents was:

|Xa – Xb

|

Z = , 2 + Sb

2

√Sa

Here Xa and Xb are the two percents

being compared, and Sa and Sb are the

standard errors of the percents. The

critical value used for two-sided tests at

the 0.05 level was 1.96.

Relative Standard Error

Estimates with a relative standard

error of greater than 30% and less than

or equal to 50% are indicated in the

tables with an asterisk (*) and should be

used with caution as they do not meet

the standard of reliability or precision.

Estimates with a relative standard error

of greater than 50% are indicated with a

dagger (†) and are not shown. The

relative standard errors are calculated as

follows:

Relative standard error = (SE/Est) 100,

where SE is the standard error of the

estimate, and Est is the estimate

(percent, rate, mean, or frequency).
Series 10, No. 245 [ Page 79

Appendix II

Definitions of

Selected Terms

Definitions of

Sociodemographic Terms

Age—The age recorded for each

person is the age at the last birthday.

Hispanic or Latino origin and

race—Hispanic or Latino origin and

race are two separate and distinct

concepts. Persons of Hispanic or Latino

origin may be of any race. Hispanic or

Latino origin includes persons of

Mexican, Puerto Rican, Cuban, Central

and South American, or Spanish origins.

All tables show Mexican or Mexican

American persons as a subset of

Hispanic or Latino. Other groups are not

shown for reasons of confidentiality or

statistical reliability. (See definition of

‘‘race’’ for additional detail.)

Race—The categories for race are

consistent with the 1997 Office of

Management and Budget (OMB)

federal guidelines (56), which

distinguish persons of ‘‘one race’’ from

persons of ‘‘two or more races.’’ The

classification includes subcategories for

single race persons: white; black or

African American; American Indian or

Alaska Native; Asian; and Native

Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander. The

category ‘‘two or more races’’ refers to

persons who indicated more than one

race group. Data for multiple race

combinations can only be reported to

the extent that the estimates meet the

requirements for confidentiality and

statistical reliability. In this report, three

categories are shown for multiple race

individuals (a summary category and

two multiple race categories: black or

African American and white; American

Indian and Alaska Native and white).

Other combinations are not shown

separately due to statistical unreliability

as measured by the relative standard

errors of the estimates (but they are

included in the total for ‘‘two or more

races’’). The text in this report uses

shorter versions of the new OMB race

and Hispanic origin terms for

conciseness and the tables use the

complete terms. For example, the

category ‘‘not Hispanic or Latino, black

or African American, single race’’ in the

tables is referred to as ‘‘non-Hispanic

black’’ in the text.

Education—The categories of

education are based on the years of

school completed or highest degree

obtained for persons aged 18 years and

over. Respondents were shown a flash

card to choose an appropriate category.

Only years completed in a school that

advances a person toward an elementary

or high school diploma, General

Educational Development high school

equivalency diploma (GED), or a

college, university, or professional

degree are included. Education in other

schools or home schooling is counted

only if the credits are accepted in a

regular school system.

Poverty status—Poverty status is

based on family income and family size

using the U.S. Census Bureau’s poverty

thresholds (57–59). Each adult’s poverty

status is expressed in terms of a ratio of

family income to the appropriate

poverty threshold. The lowest family

income group consists of persons living

below the poverty level (ratio less than

1.00). The highest group consists of

persons living in families with incomes

that were at least four times the poverty

level (ratio of 4.00 or more).

Marital status—Respondents were

asked to choose a marital status

category most appropriate for their

marital situation. Persons reporting their

marital status as ‘‘married’’ may, in

some cases, have been living in

common law marital unions.

Alternatively, these individuals could

have identified their marital status as

‘‘living with partner.’’ Adults who were

living with a partner were considered to

be members of the same family (as if

married) and are categorized as

‘‘cohabiting’’ in this report. The

distinction between ‘‘married’’ and

‘‘living with partner’’ was made by the

respondent.

Geographic region—In the

geographic classification of the U.S.

population, states are grouped into the

four regions used by the U.S. Census

Bureau:

Region States included

Northeast Maine, Vermont, New

Hampshire, Massachusetts,

Connecticut, Rhode Island,

New York, New Jersey, and

Pennsylvania;

Midwest Ohio, Illinois, Indiana,

Michigan, Wisconsin,

Minnesota, Iowa, Missouri,

North Dakota, South Dakota,

Kansas, and Nebraska;

South Delaware, Maryland, District

of Columbia, West Virginia,

Virginia, Kentucky,

Tennessee, North Carolina,

South Carolina, Georgia,

Florida, Alabama,

Mississippi, Louisiana,

Oklahoma, Arkansas, and

Texas;

West Washington, Oregon,

California, Nevada, New

Mexico, Arizona, Idaho,

Utah, Colorado, Montana,

Wyoming, Alaska, and

Hawaii.

Definitions of Health

Behavior Terms

Alcohol use terms

Lifetime abstainer—Had fewer than

12 drinks in entire lifetime.

Former infrequent drinker—Had 12

drinks or more in lifetime, but never as

many as 12 drinks in a single year, and

has had no drinks in the past year.

Former regular drinker—Had 12

drinks or more in 1 year, but no drinks

in the past year.

Current drinker—Had at least 12

drinks in lifetime and at least 1 drink in

the past year.

Current drinking levels—Were

based on self-reports of the average

frequency of alcohol consumption

during the past year (could be reported

in terms of days per week, per month,

or per year), and the number of drinks

the respondent drank on the days he or

she drank. Neither size nor type of

beverage consumed was specified. In

calculating current drinking levels, the

number of days the respondent drank
was converted from the time unit

initially reported (days per week, per

month, or per year) to number of days

per year. Then, average number of

drinks per week was calculated as

follows:

�

(# days per year) (# drinks per day) 7 365 days D

Current drinker levels were classified as:

Infrequent: 1 to 11 drinks in the past

year.

Light: Three drinks or less per

week, on average.

Moderate: Men—More than 3 drinks

and up to and including 14

drinks per week, on average.

Women—More than 3 drinks

and up to and including 7

drinks per week, on average.

Heavier: Men—More than 14 drinks

per week, on average (more

than 2 per day).

Women—More than 7 drinks

per week, on average (more

than one per day.)

Nondrinker—Person who has not

had any drinks in the past year,

including former drinkers and lifetime

abstainers.

Five or more drinks in 1 day in the

past year—Current drinkers were asked

how many times in the past year they

had five or more alcoholic beverages in

1 day.

Cigarette smoking terms

Lifetime smoking status—Includes

both past smoking history and current

smoking practice.

Never smokers—Are adults who

never smoked a cigarette or who

smoked fewer than 100 cigarettes in

their entire lifetime.

Former smokers—Are adults who

had smoked at least 100 cigarettes in

their lifetime, but said they currently did

not smoke.

Current smokers—Are adults who

had smoked 100 cigarettes in their

lifetime and currently smoked cigarettes

every day (daily) or some days

(nondaily).

Page 80 [ Series 10, No. 245

Current smoking status—Is based

on the same criteria as lifetime smoking

status, but displayed somewhat

differently. Current smokers are

separated into two categories (daily and

nondaily), and never smokers and

former smokers are combined into a

single category (nonsmoker).

Daily smokers—Are adults who

currently smoked every day.

Nondaily smokers—Are adults who

currently smoked some days,

regardless of the number of days

smoked in the past 30 days.

Nonsmokers—Are adults who

currently did not smoke cigarettes,

including both former smokers and

never smokers.

Amount smoked—Adults who

smoked daily and those who smoked

less than daily were asked separate

questions about the usual number of

cigarettes smoked in a day. Daily

smokers were asked how many

cigarettes, on average, they usually

smoked a day. Nondaily smokers were

asked to report the usual number

smoked ‘‘on days that they smoked

during the past 30 days.’’ Smokers who

said they smoked ‘‘some days’’

(nondaily smokers), but who then said

they had not smoked in the past 30

days, were excluded from the analysis

of amount smoked.

Two indicators for amount smoked

are shown in this report. One measure is

the mean number of cigarettes smoked

on the days the respondent smoked. The

second is a percent distribution of usual

number of cigarettes smoked on those

days the respondent smoked. This

distribution is shown for the following

four categories: less than 15 cigarettes,

15–24 cigarettes, 25–34 cigarettes, and

35 cigarettes or more.

Quit attempt—All current smokers

were asked if they had stopped smoking

for more than 1 day in the past 12

months because they were trying to quit.

All current smokers (including nondaily

smokers) who said they had stopped for

more than 1 day because they were

trying to quit were classified as having

attempted to quit.

Leisure-time physical activity

terms

All questions related to leisure-time

physical activity were phrased in terms

of current behavior and lack a specific

reference period. An introductory phrase

explained to respondents that they were

being asked about leisure-time physical

activities only. In this report, persons

who volunteered a response indicating

that they were ‘‘unable to do the

activity’’ were combined with those

saying they ‘‘never’’ engaged in the

activity.

Inactive—Includes persons who

engaged in no light, moderate, or

vigorous leisure-time physical activity

lasting 10 minutes or longer. Persons

classified as physically inactive include

persons who volunteered that they were

unable to engage in the activity.

‘‘Inactive’’ may include individuals who

engaged in only strengthening activities.

At least some activity—Is any

light-moderate, or vigorous leisure-time

physical activity lasting 10 minutes or

longer, regardless of frequency or

duration.

Some, less than regular activity—Is

any light, moderate, or vigorous

leisure-time physical activity lasting at

least 10 minutes that did not meet the

criteria for ‘‘Regular.’’

Regular—See definition ‘‘Any

regular’’ in the following text.

Light or moderate activity—Is

activity lasting at least 10 minutes that

caused light sweating or slight to

moderate increase in breathing or heart

rate.

Vigorous activity—Is activity lasting

at least 10 minutes that caused heavy

sweating or large increases in breathing

or heart rate.

Regular activity—Is leisure-time

activity engaged in for a minimum

specified duration and a minimum

specified frequency:

Regular light or moderate

activity—Is light or moderate

activity that occurred, on average,

five or more times per week for at

least 30 minutes each time.

Regular vigorous activity—Is

vigorous activity that occurred, on

average, three or more times per
Series 10, No. 245

[ Page 81

week for at least 20 minutes each

time.

Any regular activity—Is either

regular light or moderate or regular

vigorous, or both. It does not

include other combinations of

activity levels (e.g., vigorous

activity twicea week combined

with light or moderate activity three

timesa week). The number of

individuals with such combinations

of activity is small.

Strengthening activity—Is any

leisure-time physical activity designed

specifically to strengthen muscles,

including, but not limited to, weight

lifting or calisthenics (e.g., push-ups,

sit-ups, etc). The reference period was

unspecified, and no information on

duration was collected. Strengthening

activities may overlap with light,

moderate, or vigorous activities, as

respondents were told to report such

activities, even if they had included

them in their previous responses to

light-moderate or vigorous activities.

Body weight terms

Body mass index (BMI)—Body

mass index was calculated from

self-reported height and weight. Height

reported in U.S. customary units (feet

and inches) was first converted to height

in inches and then to height in meters

(m) (1 meter= 39.37 inches). Weight

reported in U.S. customary units

(pounds) was converted to weight in

kilograms (kg) (1 kilogram= 2.205

pounds). Thus,

BMI= kg/ (m

2

), where:

kg= weight in pounds/2.205,

andm= height in inches/39.37.

Body weight status—Body weight

status refers to the entire spectrum of

body weight, including underweight,

healthy weight, overweight but not

obese, and obese. It is based ona BMI

calculated from self-reported height and

weight, without shoes.

Not overweight—This category

includes persons witha BMI of less

than 25 and includes both healthy

weight and underweight.

Underweight—Persons witha

BMI of less than 18.5 were

classified as underweight.

Healthy weight—Persons witha

BMI of at least 18.5 and less

than 25 were classified as in

the healthy weight range.

Overweight—Persons witha BMI

of 25 or more were classified as

overweight. This category includes

the following two subgroups:

Overweight (but not obese)—

Persons witha BMI of at least

25 and less than 30 were

classified as overweight but not

obese.

Obese—Persons witha BMI of

30 or more were classified as

obese.

Sleep term

Sleep—Adults were asked how

many hours of sleep they averaged ina

24-hour period. Responses were limited

to whole hours.
Page 82 [ Series 10, No. 245

Appendix III

Health Behavior

Questions

The 2005–2007 National Health

Interview Surveys’ Sample Adult

questionnaires contained the selected

questions on health behaviors shown

below. Each question is preceded by its

question number, beginning with the

acronym ‘‘AHB.’’ AHB represents the

Adult Health Behavior section of the

Sample Adult questionnaire. The complete

NHIS Sample Adult questionnaire, as well

as information about other components of

the NHIS, is available from: http://

www.cdc.gov/nchs/nhis.htm. Many of the

references cited in this report are also

available via the NCHS website at:

http://www.cdc.gov/nchs.

Alcohol Use

AHB.140	 In any ONE year, have you

had at least 12 drinks of any

type of alcoholic beverage?

{Asked of all adults.}

AHB.150	 In your ENTIRE LIFE, have

you had at least 12 drinks of

any type of alcoholic

beverage? {Asked of adults

who never had at least 12

drinks in any one year.}

AHB.160	 In the PAST YEAR, how

often did you drink any type

of alcoholic beverage?

{Days per week/month/year}

{Asked of adults who ever

had 12 drinks of alcohol in

their lifetime.}

AHB.170	 In the PAST YEAR, on

those days that you drank

alcoholic beverages, on the

average, how many drinks

did you have? {Asked of

current drinkers.}

AHB.180	 In the PAST YEAR, on how

many days did you have 5

or more drinks of any

alcoholic beverage? {Asked

of current drinkers.}

Cigarette Smoking

AHB.010	 Have you smoked at least

100 cigarettes in your

ENTIRE LIFE? {Asked of

all adults.}

AHB.020	 How old were you when you

FIRST started to smoke fairly

regularly? (Asked of adults

who had smoked at least 100

cigarettes in lifetime.)

AHB.030	 Do you NOW smoke every

day, some days, or not at

all? (Asked of adults who

had smoked at least 100

cigarettes in lifetime.)

AHB.040	 How long has it been since

you quit smoking cigarettes?

(Asked of former smokers.)

AHB.050	 On the average, how many

cigarettes do you now smoke

a day? {Asked of adults who

smoked ever day (daily

smokers).}

AHB.060	 On how many of the past 30

days did you smoke a

cigarette? {Asked of adults

who smoked only some days

(nondaily smokers).}

AHB.070	 On the average, when you

smoked during the PAST 30

DAYS, about how many

cigarettes did you smoke a

day? {Asked of nondaily

smokers who smoked at least

one day in the past 30 days.}

AHB.080	 During the PAST 12

MONTHS, have you stopped

smoking for more than one

day BECAUSE YOU WERE

TRYING TO QUIT

SMOKING? {Asked of all

current smokers.}

Leisure-time Physical

Activity

The following introductory phrase

was read to the respondent by the

interviewer immediately before asking the

physical activity questions:

The next questions are about physical

activities (exercise, sports, physically

active hobbies...) that you may do in your

LEISURE time.

AHB.090	 How often do you do

VIGOROUS leisure-time

physical activities for AT

LEAST 10 MINUTES that

cause HEAVY sweating or

LARGE increases in

breathing or heart rate?

{Asked of all adults.}

AHB.100	 About how long do you do

these vigorous leisure-time

physical activities each time?

{Asked of adults who

reported any vigorous

activity.}

AHB.110	 How often do you do

LIGHT OR MODERATE

leisure-time physical

activities for AT LEAST 10

MINUTES that cause ONLY

LIGHT sweating or a

SLIGHT TO MODERATE

increase in breathing or heart

rate? {Asked of all adults.}

AHB.120	 About how long do you do

these light or moderate

leisure-time physical activities

each time? {Asked of adults

who reported any lightmoderate activity.}

AHB.130	 How often do you do

LEISURE-TIME physical

activities specifically designed

to STRENGTHEN your

muscles such as lifting

weights or doing calisthenics?

(Include all such activities

even if you mentioned them

before.) {Asked of all adults.}

Body Weight and Height

AHB.190	 How tall are you without

shoes? {Asked of all adults.}

AHB.200	 How much do you weigh

without shoes? {Asked of all

adults.}

Sleep

AHB.210	 On average, how many

hours of sleep do you get in

a 24-hour period? {Asked of

all adults.}
Series 10, No. 245 [ Page 83

Appendix IV

Tables of Unadjusted

Estimates

Table III. Crude percent distributions (with standard errors) of lifetime alcohol drinking status for adults 18 years of age and over, by

selected characteristics: United States, average annual, 2005–2007

Lifetime alcohol drinking status1

Lifetime Former Regular

Selected characteristic Total abstainer infrequent regular Current

Both sexes Percent distribution (standard error)

Ages 18 years and over (crude)2 .................. 100.0 24.4 (0.32) 8.2 (0.14) 6.3 (0.15) 61.2 (0.31)

Ages 18 years and over (age-adjusted)2,3 ............ 100.0 24.6 (0.32) 8.1 (0.14) 6.2 (0.15) 61.2 (0.31)

Age:

18–24 years ............................. 100.0 35.8 (0.85) 2.9 (0.25) 1.7 (0.17) 60.0 (0.88)

25–44 years ............................. 100.0 20.9 (0.38) 6.1 (0.19) 4.4 (0.16) 68.7 (0.41)

45–64 years ............................. 100.0 20.4 (0.38) 9.9 (0.25) 7.7 (0.24) 62.1 (0.42)

65–74 years ............................. 100.0 28.2 (0.68) 13.8 (0.48) 10.6 (0.46) 47.5 (0.74)

75 years and over.......................... 100.0 36.1 (0.75) 14.1 (0.47) 12.2 (0.49) 37.6 (0.74)

Race:

White, single race .......................... 100.0 21.6 (0.34) 8.1 (0.16) 6.5 (0.18) 64.0 (0.34)

Black or African American, single race ............. 100.0 35.8 (0.72) 9.5 (0.32) 5.9 (0.29) 49.1 (0.67)

American Indian or Alaska Native, single race ........ 100.0 27.4 (3.13) 9.4 (1.05) 9.4 (1.32) 54.2 (3.05)

Asian, single race .......................... 100.0 47.0 (1.07) 6.0 (0.53) 2.7 (0.32) 44.5 (1.04)

Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander, single race.... 100.0 36.7 (6.85) *10.1 (3.61) *6.1 (3.01) 47.1 (5.96)

Two or more races ......................... 100.0 22.8 (1.72) 11.2 (1.22) 9.7 (1.05) 56.5 (1.92)

Black or African American, white ............... 100.0 31.6 (4.73) *6.5 (2.30) 5.2 (1.53) 56.7 (4.84)

American Indian or Alaska Native, white........... 100.0 19.7 (2.25) 12.3 (1.99) 13.8 (1.78) 54.4 (2.73)

Hispanic or Latino origin and race:

Hispanic or Latino .......................... 100.0 35.3 (0.58) 6.9 (0.28) 4.9 (0.24) 53.1 (0.60)

Mexican or Mexican American ................. 100.0 36.3 (0.73) 6.7 (0.34) 5.3 (0.32) 51.8 (0.75)

Not Hispanic or Latino ....................... 100.0 22.8 (0.35) 8.4 (0.15) 6.5 (0.17) 62.4 (0.34)

White, single race ........................ 100.0 19.2 (0.37) 8.3 (0.18) 6.7 (0.20) 65.9 (0.37)

Black or African American, single race ............ 100.0 35.9 (0.74) 9.5 (0.33) 6.0 (0.30) 48.8 (0.68)

Education:

Less than high school graduate ................. 100.0 37.5 (0.61) 11.4 (0.33) 9.0 (0.32) 42.4 (0.55)

GED diploma4 ............................ 100.0 20.8 (1.23) 12.0 (0.93) 9.5 (0.76) 57.9 (1.40)

High school graduate ........................ 100.0 27.9 (0.54) 9.5 (0.26) 6.9 (0.30) 55.9 (0.50)

Some college—no degree ..................... 100.0 21.3 (0.50) 7.5 (0.28) 5.6 (0.25) 65.8 (0.59)

Associate of arts degree ...................... 100.0 18.7 (0.58) 8.1 (0.39) 6.2 (0.36) 67.1 (0.72)

Bachelor of arts, science degree ................. 100.0 16.8 (0.45) 5.4 (0.26) 4.1 (0.21) 73.8 (0.53)

Masters, doctorate, medical degree ............... 100.0 16.4 (0.59) 5.1 (0.33) 4.2 (0.28) 74.3 (0.67)

Poverty status:5

Below poverty level ......................... 100.0 36.0 (0.74) 9.7 (0.40) 7.4 (0.34) 47.1 (0.84)

≥ 1 and <2 times poverty level .................. 100.0 32.8 (0.63) 10.1 (0.34) 8.2 (0.33) 49.0 (0.63)

≥ 2 and <4 times poverty level .................. 100.0 25.0 (0.48) 9.0 (0.25) 6.7 (0.26) 59.4 (0.52)

4 times poverty level or more ................... 100.0 16.3 (0.37) 6.2 (0.20) 4.7 (0.18) 73.0 (0.41)

Marital status:

Never married ............................ 100.0 30.9 (0.61) 4.1 (0.19) 3.2 (0.16) 62.2 (0.64)

Married ................................ 100.0 22.7 (0.36) 8.9 (0.20) 6.6 (0.20) 61.9 (0.37)

Cohabiting .............................. 100.0 13.0 (0.61) 5.8 (0.43) 5.8 (0.46) 75.5 (0.83)

Divorced or separated ....................... 100.0 19.3 (0.48) 9.8 (0.33) 8.5 (0.32) 62.5 (0.56)

Widowed ............................... 100.0 38.6 (0.79) 14.8 (0.50) 10.5 (0.47) 36.1 (0.71)

Geographic region:

Northeast ............................... 100.0 18.6 (0.48) 7.5 (0.29) 5.4 (0.25) 68.7 (0.55)

Midwest ................................ 100.0 19.6 (0.61) 8.3 (0.30) 6.9 (0.48) 65.4 (0.64)

South ................................. 100.0 29.7 (0.61) 9.0 (0.25) 6.3 (0.21) 55.1 (0.56)

West .................................. 100.0 25.6 (0.58) 7.6 (0.27) 6.3 (0.24) 60.7 (0.56)

See footnotes at end of table.
Page 84 [ Series 10, No. 245

Table III. Crude percent distributions (with standard errors) of lifetime alcohol drinking status for adults 18 years of age and over, by

selected characteristics: United States, average annual, 2005–2007—Con.

Lifetime alcohol drinking status1

Lifetime Former Regular

Selected characteristic Total abstainer infrequent regular Current

Men Percent distribution (standard error)

Ages 18 years and over (crude)2 .................. 100.0 17.5 (0.35) 7.1 (0.18) 7.7 (0.21) 67.9 (0.36)

Ages 18 years and over (age-adjusted)2,3 ............ 100.0 17.7 (0.35) 7.2 (0.18) 7.7 (0.20) 67.6 (0.36)

Age:

18–24 years ............................. 100.0 32.5 (1.15) 2.3 (0.35) 1.4 (0.23) 64.2 (1.18)

25–44 years ............................. 100.0 15.2 (0.44) 5.0 (0.25) 4.6 (0.24) 75.2 (0.50)

45–64 years ............................. 100.0 13.6 (0.46) 9.0 (0.34) 10.0 (0.36) 67.6 (0.54)

65–74 years ............................. 100.0 17.0 (0.83) 12.6 (0.70) 14.1 (0.73) 56.4 (1.08)

75 years and over.......................... 100.0 21.3 (1.02) 12.8 (0.73) 18.3 (0.91) 47.8 (1.15)

Race:

White, single race .......................... 100.0 15.3 (0.37) 7.1 (0.21) 7.8 (0.24) 70.0 (0.40)

Black or African American, single race ............. 100.0 27.0 (0.97) 7.5 (0.47) 7.2 (0.45) 58.6 (1.03)

American Indian or Alaska Native, single race ........ 100.0 19.2 (3.25) 9.4 (2.02) 11.6 (2.06) 60.3 (3.59)

Asian, single race .......................... 100.0 33.0 (1.43) 6.6 (0.74) 3.6 (0.55) 56.9 (1.51)

Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander, single race.... 100.0 40.8 (10.59) *8.9 (4.02) † 43.4 (9.11)

Two or more races ......................... 100.0 20.3 (2.66) 8.8 (1.74) 12.3 (1.85) 59.0 (2.99)

Black or African American, white ............... 100.0 32.2 (8.71) † *4.6 (2.14) 58.2 (8.64)

American Indian or Alaska Native, white........... 100.0 16.2 (2.91) 8.7 (2.30) 17.0 (3.03) 58.5 (3.99)

Hispanic or Latino origin and race:

Hispanic or Latino .......................... 100.0 22.5 (0.74) 6.2 (0.37) 5.6 (0.36) 65.8 (0.81)

Mexican or Mexican American ................. 100.0 22.5 (0.93) 5.9 (0.44) 6.1 (0.48) 65.6 (0.99)

Not Hispanic or Latino ....................... 100.0 16.6 (0.39) 7.3 (0.20) 8.0 (0.24) 68.3 (0.40)

White, single race ........................ 100.0 14.0 (0.42) 7.2 (0.23) 8.2 (0.27) 70.8 (0.44)

Black or African American, single race ............ 100.0 26.9 (0.98) 7.4 (0.48) 7.4 (0.46) 58.5 (1.05)

Education:

Less than high school graduate ................. 100.0 23.6 (0.76) 10.3 (0.48) 11.1 (0.48) 55.4 (0.80)

GED diploma4 ............................ 100.0 12.3 (1.36) 11.3 (1.44) 11.5 (1.20) 65.1 (1.89)

High school graduate ........................ 100.0 20.4 (0.67) 7.7 (0.34) 8.7 (0.42) 63.5 (0.69)

Some college—no degree ..................... 100.0 16.4 (0.70) 6.3 (0.40) 7.1 (0.42) 70.4 (0.81)

Associate of arts degree ...................... 100.0 13.5 (0.74) 6.4 (0.51) 7.1 (0.54) 73.2 (0.96)

Bachelor of arts, science degree ................. 100.0 12.2 (0.56) 4.9 (0.36) 4.5 (0.31) 78.4 (0.70)

Masters, doctorate, medical degree ............... 100.0 14.0 (0.76) 5.1 (0.48) 5.1 (0.46) 75.8 (0.92)

Poverty status:5

Below poverty level ......................... 100.0 25.4 (1.05) 8.2 (0.58) 9.2 (0.59) 57.5 (1.20)

≥ 1 and <2 times poverty level .................. 100.0 23.7 (0.78) 8.6 (0.48) 10.2 (0.51) 57.7 (0.91)

≥ 2 and <4 times poverty level .................. 100.0 18.1 (0.56) 8.1 (0.34) 8.4 (0.37) 65.6 (0.63)

4 times poverty level or more ................... 100.0 12.3 (0.46) 5.5 (0.27) 5.7 (0.26) 76.6 (0.52)

Marital status:

Never married ............................ 100.0 26.2 (0.77) 3.6 (0.26) 3.6 (0.24) 67.0 (0.79)

Married ................................ 100.0 15.8 (0.41) 8.4 (0.26) 8.4 (0.29) 67.6 (0.45)

Cohabiting .............................. 100.0 9.5 (0.75) 4.6 (0.58) 6.6 (0.71) 79.5 (1.10)

Divorced or separated ....................... 100.0 12.0 (0.63) 7.9 (0.45) 10.5 (0.55) 69.7 (0.82)

Widowed ............................... 100.0 18.1 (1.29) 13.1 (1.03) 19.4 (1.23) 49.6 (1.61)

Geographic region:

Northeast ............................... 100.0 12.7 (0.58) 6.4 (0.38) 6.5 (0.40) 74.6 (0.70)

Midwest ................................ 100.0 14.1 (0.66) 6.6 (0.38) 8.3 (0.57) 71.2 (0.71)

South ................................. 100.0 21.6 (0.70) 8.2 (0.33) 8.0 (0.33) 62.3 (0.67)

West .................................. 100.0 18.0 (0.62) 6.5 (0.36) 7.4 (0.35) 68.3 (0.68)

Women

Ages 18 years and over (crude)2 .................. 100.0 30.8 (0.39) 9.3 (0.19) 5.0 (0.16) 55.0 (0.39)

Ages 18 years and over (age-adjusted)2,3 ............ 100.0 30.9 (0.39) 9.0 (0.19) 4.9 (0.16) 55.3 (0.39)

Age:

18–24 years ............................. 100.0 39.1 (1.02) 3.4 (0.32) 1.9 (0.24) 55.9 (1.07)

25–44 years ............................. 100.0 26.4 (0.51) 7.1 (0.26) 4.1 (0.21) 62.4 (0.54)

45–64 years ............................. 100.0 26.8 (0.52) 10.7 (0.34) 5.5 (0.26) 57.0 (0.56)

65–74 years ............................. 100.0 37.6 (0.91) 14.8 (0.65) 7.7 (0.50) 39.9 (0.89)

75 years and over.......................... 100.0 45.6 (0.98) 15.0 (0.60) 8.3 (0.50) 31.1 (0.90)

See footnotes at end of table.
Series 10, No. 245 [ Page 85

Table III. Crude percent distributions (with standard errors) of lifetime alcohol drinking status for adults 18 years of age and over, by

selected characteristics: United States, average annual, 2005–2007—Con.

Lifetime alcohol drinking status1

Lifetime Former Regular

Selected characteristic Total abstainer infrequent regular Current

Women—Con. Percent distribution (standard error)

Race:

White, single race .......................... 100.0 27.5 (0.42) 9.1 (0.22) 5.2 (0.19) 58.3 (0.43)

Black or African American, single race ............. 100.0 42.9 (0.87) 11.1 (0.46) 4.8 (0.34) 41.3 (0.77)

American Indian or Alaska Native, single race ........ 100.0 35.7 (4.23) 9.3 (1.50) 7.1 (1.74) 47.9 (4.05)

Asian, single race .......................... 100.0 60.2 (1.43) 5.4 (0.68) 1.8 (0.33) 32.7 (1.33)

Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander, single race.... 100.0 32.3 (7.47) † † 51.0 (8.00)

Two or more races ......................... 100.0 25.2 (2.36) 13.5 (1.52) 7.2 (1.21) 54.1 (2.45)

Black or African American, white ............... 100.0 31.3 (5.51) *7.5 (3.24) *5.6 (2.12) 55.6 (5.90)

American Indian or Alaska Native, white........... 100.0 23.7 (3.77) 16.5 (2.68) 10.1 (2.33) 49.7 (3.75)

Hispanic or Latino origin and race:

Hispanic or Latino .......................... 100.0 48.7 (0.77) 7.6 (0.37) 4.2 (0.30) 39.7 (0.76)

Mexican or Mexican American ................. 100.0 51.5 (0.99) 7.6 (0.48) 4.4 (0.38) 36.7 (0.98)

Not Hispanic or Latino ....................... 100.0 28.3 (0.42) 9.5 (0.21) 5.1 (0.18) 57.1 (0.41)

White, single race ........................ 100.0 23.9 (0.45) 9.4 (0.24) 5.3 (0.21) 61.5 (0.46)

Black or African American, single race ............ 100.0 43.2 (0.89) 11.1 (0.46) 4.9 (0.35) 41.0 (0.79)

Education:

Less than high school graduate ................. 100.0 50.9 (0.75) 12.4 (0.46) 7.1 (0.37) 29.8 (0.64)

GED diploma4 ............................ 100.0 29.8 (1.88) 12.7 (1.34) 7.3 (0.97) 50.4 (2.01)

High school graduate ........................ 100.0 34.7 (0.65) 11.1 (0.37) 5.3 (0.32) 48.9 (0.63)

Some college—no degree ..................... 100.0 25.5 (0.66) 8.5 (0.39) 4.3 (0.27) 61.8 (0.72)

Associate of arts degree ...................... 100.0 22.8 (0.80) 9.5 (0.56) 5.5 (0.44) 62.4 (0.94)

Bachelor of arts, science degree ................. 100.0 21.3 (0.63) 5.8 (0.35) 3.7 (0.26) 69.2 (0.71)

Masters, doctorate, medical degree ............... 100.0 19.0 (0.82) 5.1 (0.45) 3.3 (0.32) 72.6 (0.90)

Poverty status:5

Below poverty level ......................... 100.0 43.4 (0.85) 10.8 (0.47) 6.2 (0.38) 39.8 (0.91)

≥ 1 and <2 times poverty level .................. 100.0 40.2 (0.79) 11.4 (0.45) 6.5 (0.36) 41.9 (0.71)

≥ 2 and <4 times poverty level .................. 100.0 31.4 (0.62) 9.9 (0.38) 5.2 (0.28) 53.6 (0.67)

4 times poverty level or more ................... 100.0 20.5 (0.52) 6.9 (0.28) 3.6 (0.22) 69.1 (0.60)

Marital status:

Never married ............................ 100.0 36.5 (0.80) 4.6 (0.26) 2.7 (0.21) 56.4 (0.83)

Married ................................ 100.0 29.6 (0.48) 9.5 (0.27) 4.7 (0.21) 56.3 (0.49)

Cohabiting .............................. 100.0 16.9 (0.94) 7.2 (0.64) 4.9 (0.58) 71.2 (1.20)

Divorced or separated ....................... 100.0 24.2 (0.63) 11.2 (0.46) 7.0 (0.37) 57.7 (0.74)

Widowed ............................... 100.0 43.6 (0.87) 15.2 (0.55) 8.3 (0.48) 32.9 (0.75)

Geographic region:

Northeast ............................... 100.0 23.8 (0.65) 8.4 (0.40) 4.4 (0.29) 63.5 (0.73)

Midwest ................................ 100.0 24.7 (0.74) 9.8 (0.42) 5.6 (0.49) 60.0 (0.80)

South ................................. 100.0 37.0 (0.71) 9.7 (0.31) 4.9 (0.21) 48.6 (0.67)

West .................................. 100.0 33.0 (0.79) 8.7 (0.41) 5.2 (0.28) 53.2 (0.77)

* Estimates preceded by an asterisk have a relative standard error of greater than 30% and less than or equal to 50%. These should be interpreted with caution as they do not meet the standard of
 

reliability or precision.
 

† Estimates with a relative standard error greater than 50% are indicated with a dagger, but are not shown.
 

1

Lifetime alcohol drinking status: Lifetime abstainer—had fewer than 12 drinks in entire lifetime; Former infrequent—had 12 drinks or more in lifetime, but never as many as 12 drinks in a single year,
 

and had no drinks in the past year; former regular—had 12 drinks or more in 1 year, but no drinks in the past year; current drinker—had at least 12 drinks in lifetime and at least 1 drink in the past
 

year.
 

2

Persons of other races and unknown race and ethnicity, unknown education, unknown poverty status, and unknown marital status are included in total.
 

3

Estimates are age adjusted using the projected 2000 U.S. population as the standard population and using three age groups: 18–44 years, 45–64 years, and 65 years and over.
 

4

GED is General Educational Development high school equivalency diploma.
 

5

Poverty status is based on family income and family size using the U.S. Census Bureau poverty thresholds for 2004, 2005, and 2006.
 

NOTES: For age adjusted percent distributions, refer to Table 3.1. Denominator for each percent distribution excludes persons with unknown lifetime drinking status. See Appendix II for definitions of

terms. See Appendix III for health behavior questions.

DATA SOURCE: National Health Interview Survey, 2005–2007. Estimates are based on household interviews of a sample of the civilian noninstitutionalized population.
Page 86 [ Series 10, No. 245

Table IV. Crude percent distributions (with standard errors) of current alcohol drinking status for adults 18 years of age and over, by

selected characteristics: United States, average annual, 2005–2007

Current alcohol drinking status1

Selected characteristic Total Nondrinker Infrequent Light Moderate Heavier

Both sexes Percent distribution (standard error)

Ages 18 years and over (crude)2 .................. 100.0 38.8 (0.31) 12.4 (0.16) 29.2 (0.23) 14.5 (0.18) 5.0 (0.12)

Ages 18 years and over (age-adjusted)2,3 ............ 100.0 38.8 (0.31) 12.3 (0.16) 29.3 (0.23) 14.4 (0.18) 5.0 (0.12)

Age:

18–24 years ............................. 100.0 40.0 (0.88) 9.1 (0.41) 30.4 (0.68) 13.4 (0.52) 6.8 (0.41)

25–44 years ............................. 100.0 31.3 (0.41) 13.3 (0.26) 34.8 (0.37) 15.7 (0.29) 4.9 (0.18)

45–64 years ............................. 100.0 37.9 (0.42) 13.4 (0.28) 28.2 (0.36) 15.0 (0.29) 5.4 (0.17)

65–74 years ............................. 100.0 52.5 (0.74) 11.2 (0.43) 19.7 (0.54) 12.5 (0.49) 4.0 (0.32)

75 years and over.......................... 100.0 62.4 (0.74) 10.3 (0.44) 14.6 (0.53) 10.3 (0.45) 2.2 (0.21)

Race:

White, single race .......................... 100.0 36.0 (0.34) 12.4 (0.18) 30.4 (0.26) 15.7 (0.21) 5.4 (0.14)

Black or African American, single race ............. 100.0 50.9 (0.67) 12.4 (0.40) 23.6 (0.52) 9.4 (0.35) 3.5 (0.23)

American Indian or Alaska Native, single race ........ 100.0 45.8 (3.05) 14.5 (1.76) 23.2 (1.93) 11.2 (1.96) 4.8 (1.13)

Asian, single race .......................... 100.0 55.5 (1.04) 11.3 (0.65) 24.2 (0.86) 7.3 (0.53) 1.6 (0.26)

Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander, single race.... 100.0 52.9 (5.96) *6.3 (3.14) 25.7 (5.00) *7.5 (2.75) *7.6 (3.44)

Two or more races ......................... 100.0 43.5 (1.92) 13.9 (1.37) 25.3 (1.78) 10.8 (1.32) 6.3 (1.00)

Black or African American, white ............... 100.0 43.3 (4.84) 18.4 (3.93) 26.0 (4.32) *7.9 (2.53) *4.4 (1.58)

American Indian or Alaska Native, white........... 100.0 45.6 (2.73) 11.7 (1.80) 23.3 (2.48) 12.2 (2.06) 7.0 (1.41)

Hispanic or Latino origin and race:

Hispanic or Latino .......................... 100.0 46.9 (0.60) 12.1 (0.38) 26.5 (0.50) 11.5 (0.37) 2.7 (0.17)

Mexican or Mexican American ................. 100.0 48.2 (0.75) 11.0 (0.47) 25.6 (0.62) 12.2 (0.47) 2.9 (0.22)

Not Hispanic or Latino ....................... 100.0 37.6 (0.34) 12.4 (0.17) 29.6 (0.25) 14.9 (0.20) 5.4 (0.13)

White, single race ........................ 100.0 34.1 (0.37) 12.5 (0.20) 31.0 (0.28) 16.4 (0.23) 5.9 (0.16)

Black or African American, single race ............ 100.0 51.2 (0.68) 12.2 (0.40) 23.6 (0.53) 9.3 (0.36) 3.4 (0.23)

Education:

Less than high school graduate ................. 100.0 57.6 (0.55) 10.0 (0.31) 18.4 (0.42) 9.4 (0.33) 4.2 (0.22)

GED diploma4 ............................ 100.0 42.1 (1.40) 13.0 (0.95) 24.1 (1.17) 13.2 (0.98) 7.4 (0.71)

High school graduate ........................ 100.0 44.1 (0.50) 13.1 (0.30) 25.4 (0.41) 12.4 (0.30) 4.9 (0.19)

Some college—no degree ..................... 100.0 34.2 (0.59) 13.3 (0.37) 31.4 (0.51) 14.7 (0.40) 6.2 (0.28)

Associate of arts degree ...................... 100.0 32.9 (0.72) 15.1 (0.50) 32.5 (0.67) 14.9 (0.49) 4.5 (0.32)

Bachelor of arts, science degree ................. 100.0 26.2 (0.53) 11.9 (0.35) 37.1 (0.54) 19.4 (0.46) 5.4 (0.29)

Masters, doctorate, medical degree ............... 100.0 25.7 (0.67) 10.9 (0.46) 39.2 (0.73) 20.4 (0.61) 3.7 (0.29)

Poverty status:5

Below poverty level ......................... 100.0 52.9 (0.84) 10.9 (0.38) 21.2 (0.54) 9.8 (0.43) 4.9 (0.33)

≥ 1 and <2 times poverty level .................. 100.0 51.0 (0.63) 12.3 (0.35) 22.0 (0.46) 10.1 (0.37) 4.5 (0.23)

≥ 2 and <4 times poverty level .................. 100.0 40.6 (0.52) 13.3 (0.32) 28.1 (0.44) 13.0 (0.31) 4.9 (0.20)

4 times poverty level or more ................... 100.0 27.0 (0.41) 12.1 (0.26) 36.1 (0.41) 19.2 (0.33) 5.4 (0.18)

Marital status:

Never married ............................ 100.0 37.8 (0.64) 9.3 (0.30) 30.0 (0.50) 15.7 (0.41) 6.8 (0.29)

Married ................................ 100.0 38.1 (0.37) 13.5 (0.22) 30.0 (0.31) 14.4 (0.24) 4.0 (0.14)

Cohabiting .............................. 100.0 24.5 (0.83) 12.4 (0.61) 34.7 (0.87) 19.5 (0.90) 8.7 (0.55)

Divorced or separated ....................... 100.0 37.5 (0.56) 13.0 (0.41) 28.8 (0.52) 14.2 (0.38) 6.4 (0.28)

Widowed ............................... 100.0 63.9 (0.71) 11.3 (0.47) 15.2 (0.54) 6.7 (0.34) 2.8 (0.25)

Geographic region:

Northeast ............................... 100.0 31.3 (0.55) 13.3 (0.40) 33.5 (0.49) 16.8 (0.47) 4.9 (0.25)

Midwest ................................ 100.0 34.6 (0.64) 13.3 (0.36) 31.5 (0.46) 14.9 (0.36) 5.5 (0.27)

South ................................. 100.0 44.9 (0.56) 12.0 (0.26) 25.5 (0.41) 12.8 (0.28) 4.7 (0.19)

West .................................. 100.0 39.3 (0.56) 11.2 (0.31) 29.3 (0.42) 14.9 (0.40) 5.1 (0.23)

Men

Ages 18 years and over (crude)2 .................. 100.0 32.1 (0.36) 9.2 (0.20) 30.6 (0.32) 22.2 (0.29) 5.8 (0.18)

Ages 18 years and over (age-adjusted)2,3 ............ 100.0 32.4 (0.36) 9.2 (0.20) 30.4 (0.32) 22.1 (0.30) 5.7 (0.18)

Age:

18–24 years ............................. 100.0 35.8 (1.18) 7.0 (0.56) 28.8 (0.99) 20.1 (0.89) 7.8 (0.65)

25–44 years ............................. 100.0 24.8 (0.50) 9.4 (0.31) 35.7 (0.54) 24.0 (0.47) 5.9 (0.28)

45–64 years ............................. 100.0 32.4 (0.54) 9.7 (0.34) 29.7 (0.52) 22.2 (0.47) 5.8 (0.27)

65–74 years ............................. 100.0 43.6 (1.08) 9.7 (0.60) 22.4 (0.88) 19.9 (0.88) 4.3 (0.39)

75 years and over.......................... 100.0 52.2 (1.15) 9.2 (0.70) 18.3 (0.95) 17.9 (0.89) 2.2 (0.33)

See footnotes at end of table.
Series 10, No. 245 [ Page 87

Table IV. Crude percent distributions (with standard errors) of current alcohol drinking status for adults 18 years of age and over, by

selected characteristics: United States, average annual, 2005–2007—Con.

Current alcohol drinking status1

Selected characteristic Total Nondrinker Infrequent Light Moderate Heavier

Men—Con. Percent distribution (standard error)

Race:

White, single race .......................... 100.0 30.0 (0.40) 9.1 (0.22) 31.1 (0.37) 23.6 (0.33) 6.1 (0.21)

Black or African American, single race ............. 100.0 41.4 (1.03) 9.5 (0.57) 27.3 (0.85) 16.6 (0.72) 5.0 (0.45)

American Indian or Alaska Native, single race ........ 100.0 39.7 (3.59) 9.0 (1.97) 27.7 (3.10) 17.2 (3.41) *5.7 (1.79)

Asian, single race .......................... 100.0 43.1 (1.51) 11.7 (0.97) 31.3 (1.37) 11.6 (0.98) 2.1 (0.42)

Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander, single race.... 100.0 56.6 (9.11) † *16.7 (6.05) *13.5 (5.17) †

Two or more races ......................... 100.0 41.0 (2.99) 9.9 (1.57) 24.8 (2.54) 16.9 (2.37) 7.0 (1.54)

Black or African American, white ............... 100.0 41.8 (8.64) *10.7 (4.49) 27.5 (7.89) *11.2 (4.70) *8.8 (3.78)

American Indian or Alaska Native, white........... 100.0 41.5 (3.99) 9.0 (2.20) 26.3 (3.63) 18.2 (3.47) *4.6 (1.53)

Hispanic or Latino origin and race:

Hispanic or Latino .......................... 100.0 34.2 (0.81) 8.8 (0.47) 33.1 (0.78) 19.9 (0.66) 3.8 (0.28)

Mexican or Mexican American ................. 100.0 34.4 (0.99) 7.9 (0.55) 32.4 (0.95) 20.8 (0.84) 4.3 (0.37)

Not Hispanic or Latino ....................... 100.0 31.7 (0.40) 9.3 (0.22) 30.2 (0.35) 22.5 (0.32) 6.1 (0.20)

White, single race ........................ 100.0 29.2 (0.44) 9.1 (0.24) 30.7 (0.40) 24.3 (0.37) 6.5 (0.24)

Black or African American, single race ............ 100.0 41.5 (1.05) 9.5 (0.58) 27.3 (0.87) 16.5 (0.73) 4.9 (0.46)

Education:

Less than high school graduate ................. 100.0 44.6 (0.80) 8.3 (0.45) 24.1 (0.70) 16.4 (0.61) 6.0 (0.38)

GED diploma4 ............................ 100.0 34.9 (1.89) 9.2 (1.09) 25.2 (1.79) 21.1 (1.67) 9.4 (1.10)

High school graduate ........................ 100.0 36.5 (0.69) 9.4 (0.38) 28.0 (0.59) 19.7 (0.53) 6.2 (0.32)

Some college—no degree ..................... 100.0 29.6 (0.81) 10.0 (0.49) 31.0 (0.75) 22.1 (0.66) 7.2 (0.46)

Associate of arts degree ...................... 100.0 26.8 (0.96) 10.8 (0.68) 33.3 (0.99) 23.7 (0.89) 5.4 (0.57)

Bachelor of arts, science degree ................. 100.0 21.6 (0.70) 8.9 (0.44) 36.6 (0.77) 28.1 (0.73) 4.7 (0.40)

Masters, doctorate, medical degree ............... 100.0 24.2 (0.92) 8.4 (0.59) 36.9 (0.99) 27.6 (0.95) 2.8 (0.39)

Poverty status:5

Below poverty level ......................... 100.0 42.5 (1.20) 7.9 (0.53) 24.1 (0.87) 18.3 (0.87) 6.8 (0.61)

≥ 1 and <2 times poverty level .................. 100.0 42.3 (0.91) 9.6 (0.48) 24.8 (0.73) 16.8 (0.64) 6.2 (0.42)

≥ 2 and <4 times poverty level .................. 100.0 34.4 (0.63) 9.8 (0.41) 29.9 (0.62) 19.9 (0.51) 5.8 (0.32)

4 times poverty level or more ................... 100.0 23.4 (0.52) 8.9 (0.31) 35.2 (0.56) 27.1 (0.52) 5.3 (0.28)

Marital status:

Never married ............................ 100.0 33.0 (0.79) 7.1 (0.37) 28.8 (0.70) 22.5 (0.65) 8.2 (0.44)

Married ................................ 100.0 32.4 (0.45) 10.4 (0.27) 31.5 (0.44) 21.4 (0.38) 4.1 (0.18)

Cohabiting .............................. 100.0 20.5 (1.10) 9.2 (0.75) 34.3 (1.25) 27.8 (1.28) 8.0 (0.69)

Divorced or separated ....................... 100.0 30.3 (0.82) 7.3 (0.46) 29.0 (0.80) 24.1 (0.74) 9.1 (0.53)

Widowed ............................... 100.0 50.4 (1.61) 8.1 (0.83) 20.6 (1.32) 15.6 (1.12) 5.0 (0.70)

Geographic region:

Northeast ............................... 100.0 25.4 (0.70) 10.0 (0.50) 33.9 (0.77) 25.1 (0.74) 5.4 (0.41)

Midwest ................................ 100.0 28.8 (0.71) 9.6 (0.44) 32.1 (0.62) 23.0 (0.59) 6.3 (0.41)

South ................................. 100.0 37.7 (0.67) 8.9 (0.32) 27.3 (0.57) 20.1 (0.47) 5.9 (0.30)

West .................................. 100.0 31.7 (0.68) 8.6 (0.39) 31.7 (0.65) 22.3 (0.65) 5.4 (0.32)

Women

Ages 18 years and over (crude)2 .................. 100.0 45.0 (0.39) 15.3 (0.23) 27.9 (0.30) 7.4 (0.17) 4.3 (0.13)

Ages 18 years and over (age-adjusted)2,3 ............ 100.0 44.7 (0.39) 15.3 (0.23) 28.3 (0.31) 7.4 (0.17) 4.3 (0.13)

Age:

18–24 years ............................. 100.0 44.1 (1.07) 11.1 (0.58) 31.9 (0.95) 6.8 (0.48) 5.8 (0.46)

25–44 years ............................. 100.0 37.6 (0.54) 17.0 (0.39) 34.0 (0.48) 7.5 (0.27) 3.8 (0.18)

45–64 years ............................. 100.0 43.0 (0.56) 16.9 (0.40) 26.8 (0.46) 8.3 (0.30) 5.0 (0.22)

65–74 years ............................. 100.0 60.1 (0.89) 12.4 (0.60) 17.3 (0.64) 6.3 (0.44) 3.8 (0.50)

75 years and over.......................... 100.0 68.9 (0.90) 11.0 (0.56) 12.2 (0.62) 5.5 (0.41) 2.3 (0.28)

Race:

White, single race .......................... 100.0 41.7 (0.43) 15.5 (0.26) 29.7 (0.34) 8.2 (0.20) 4.8 (0.15)

Black or African American, single race ............. 100.0 58.7 (0.77) 14.7 (0.51) 20.7 (0.61) 3.5 (0.26) 2.3 (0.19)

American Indian or Alaska Native, single race ........ 100.0 52.1 (4.05) 20.0 (3.46) 18.7 (2.25) 5.3 (1.48) *3.9 (1.25)

Asian, single race .......................... 100.0 67.3 (1.33) 10.9 (0.86) 17.4 (1.06) 3.2 (0.48) 1.2 (0.29)

Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander, single race.... 100.0 49.0 (8.00) *12.5 (6.07) 35.3 (7.92) † †

Two or more races ......................... 100.0 45.9 (2.45) 17.7 (2.13) 25.7 (2.52) 5.0 (1.10) 5.6 (1.24)

Black or African American, white ............... 100.0 44.4 (5.90) 23.5 (5.57) 25.0 (4.96) † †

American Indian or Alaska Native, white........... 100.0 50.3 (3.75) 14.8 (2.92) 19.8 (3.13) 5.3 (1.57) 9.7 (2.37)

See footnotes at end of table.
Page 88 [ Series 10, No. 245

Table IV. Crude percent distributions (with standard errors) of current alcohol drinking status for adults 18 years of age and over, by

selected characteristics: United States, average annual, 2005–2007—Con.

Current alcohol drinking status1

Selected characteristic Total Nondrinker Infrequent Light Moderate Heavier

Women—Con. Percent distribution (standard error)

Hispanic or Latino origin and race:

Hispanic or Latino .......................... 100.0 60.3 (0.76) 15.5 (0.59) 19.7 (0.58) 2.8 (0.22) 1.6 (0.19)

Mexican or Mexican American ................. 100.0 63.3 (0.98) 14.5 (0.78) 18.1 (0.71) 2.7 (0.27) 1.3 (0.21)

Not Hispanic or Latino ....................... 100.0 42.9 (0.41) 15.3 (0.24) 29.1 (0.33) 8.0 (0.19) 4.7 (0.14)

White, single race ........................ 100.0 38.5 (0.46) 15.6 (0.28) 31.3 (0.37) 9.1 (0.23) 5.3 (0.17)

Black or African American, single race ............ 100.0 59.0 (0.79) 14.4 (0.51) 20.6 (0.62) 3.6 (0.26) 2.3 (0.20)

Education:

Less than high school graduate ................. 100.0 70.2 (0.64) 11.7 (0.45) 12.9 (0.45) 2.6 (0.22) 2.5 (0.21)

GED diploma4 ............................ 100.0 49.6 (2.01) 17.1 (1.47) 22.9 (1.60) 4.8 (0.78) 5.3 (0.86)

High school graduate ........................ 100.0 51.1 (0.63) 16.4 (0.45) 23.1 (0.54) 5.7 (0.28) 3.7 (0.24)

Some college—no degree ..................... 100.0 38.2 (0.72) 16.2 (0.51) 31.8 (0.67) 8.3 (0.40) 5.3 (0.31)

Associate of arts degree ...................... 100.0 37.6 (0.94) 18.5 (0.71) 31.9 (0.91) 8.0 (0.47) 3.8 (0.37)

Bachelor of arts, science degree ................. 100.0 30.8 (0.71) 14.9 (0.55) 37.5 (0.72) 10.9 (0.45) 6.0 (0.36)

Masters, doctorate, medical degree ............... 100.0 27.4 (0.90) 13.6 (0.72) 41.5 (1.01) 12.8 (0.66) 4.7 (0.45)

Poverty status:5

Below poverty level ......................... 100.0 60.2 (0.91) 13.0 (0.51) 19.1 (0.70) 3.9 (0.32) 3.6 (0.30)

≥ 1 and <2 times poverty level .................. 100.0 58.1 (0.71) 14.4 (0.46) 19.7 (0.53) 4.6 (0.30) 3.1 (0.24)

≥ 2 and <4 times poverty level .................. 100.0 46.4 (0.67) 16.5 (0.44) 26.4 (0.56) 6.5 (0.29) 4.0 (0.25)

4 times poverty level or more ................... 100.0 30.9 (0.60) 15.5 (0.39) 37.0 (0.58) 11.0 (0.34) 5.6 (0.24)

Marital status:

Never married ............................ 100.0 43.6 (0.83) 11.9 (0.45) 31.4 (0.72) 7.8 (0.42) 5.2 (0.32)

Married ................................ 100.0 43.7 (0.49) 16.5 (0.32) 28.4 (0.41) 7.5 (0.23) 3.8 (0.17)

Cohabiting .............................. 100.0 28.8 (1.20) 15.9 (0.98) 35.2 (1.26) 10.4 (0.94) 9.5 (0.79)

Divorced or separated ....................... 100.0 42.3 (0.74) 16.9 (0.59) 28.6 (0.64) 7.4 (0.37) 4.6 (0.28)

Widowed ............................... 100.0 67.1 (0.75) 12.1 (0.53) 13.9 (0.56) 4.5 (0.32) 2.3 (0.25)

Geographic region:

Northeast ............................... 100.0 36.5 (0.73) 16.2 (0.54) 33.2 (0.69) 9.6 (0.50) 4.4 (0.30)

Midwest ................................ 100.0 40.0 (0.80) 16.8 (0.53) 30.9 (0.63) 7.4 (0.34) 4.8 (0.29)

South ................................. 100.0 51.4 (0.67) 14.7 (0.37) 23.9 (0.49) 6.1 (0.26) 3.7 (0.19)

West .................................. 100.0 46.8 (0.77) 13.7 (0.46) 27.0 (0.59) 7.6 (0.33) 4.9 (0.30)

* Estimates preceded by an asterisk have a relative standard error of greater than 30% and less than or equal to 50%. These should be interpreted with caution as they do not meet the standard of
 

reliability or precision.
 

† Estimates with a relative standard error greater than 50% are indicated with a dagger, but are not shown.
 

1

Current alcohol drinking status: Nondrinker—no drinks in the past year (includes former drinkers and lifetime abstainers); infrequent—at least 12 drinks in lifetime and 1–11 drinks in past year; light—3
 

drinks or less per week, on average, in the past year; moderate—more than 3 and up to and including 14 drinks per week for men, and more than 3 and up to and including 7 drinks per week for
 

women, on average, in the past year; heavier—more than 14 drinks per week for men, and more than 7 drinks per week for women, on average, in the past year.
 

2

Persons of other races and unknown race and ethnicity, unknown education, unknown poverty status, and unknown marital status are included in the total.
 

3

Estimates are age adjusted using the projected 2000 U.S. population as the standard population and using three age groups: 18–44 years, 45–64 years, and 65 years and over.
 

4

GED is General Educational Development high school equivalency diploma.
 

5

Poverty status is based on family income and family size using the U.S. Census Bureau poverty thresholds for 2004, 2005, and 2006.
 

NOTES: For age-adjusted percent distributions, refer to Table 3.2. Denominator for each percent distribution excludes persons with unknown lifetime and unknown current drinking status. See Appendix
 

II for definitions of terms. See Appendix III for health behavior questions.
 

DATA SOURCE: National Health Interview Survey, 2005–2007. Estimates are based on household interviews of a sample of the civilian noninstitutionalized population.
 
Series 10, No. 245 [ Page 89

Table V. Crude percentages (with standard errors) of adults 18 years of age and over who had five or more drinks in 1 day at least once in

the past year, and crude percentages (with standard errors) of adults 18 years of age and over who had five or more drinks in 1 day on at

least 12 days in the past year, by selected characteristics: United States, average annual, 2005–2007

Five or more drinks in 1 day at least once1 Five or more drinks in 1 day on at least 12 days1

Selected characteristic Both sexes Men Women Both sexes Men Women

Percent of adults (standard error)

Ages 18 years and over (crude)2 ..................

Ages 18 years and over (age-adjusted)2,3 ............

20.2 (0.25)

20.5 (0.24)

28.9 (0.39)

28.8 (0.37)

12.3 (0.22)

12.8 (0.22)

9.1 (0.16)

9.2 (0.16)

14.7 (0.28)

14.6 (0.27)

4.0 (0.13)

4.2 (0.14)

Age

18–24 years ...............................

25–44 years ...............................

45–64 years ...............................

65–74 years ...............................

75 years and over ...........................

31.9 (0.84)

27.4 (0.40)

15.6 (0.29)

6.1 (0.33)

2.2 (0.22)

40.7 (1.25)

37.9 (0.61)

23.3 (0.50)

10.3 (0.62)

4.3 (0.47)

23.4 (0.89)

17.2 (0.39)

8.5 (0.29)

2.5 (0.28)

0.8 (0.18)

16.2 (0.62)

11.8 (0.27)

6.8 (0.20)

2.8 (0.21)

0.9 (0.14)

22.9 (1.00)

18.8 (0.46)

11.5 (0.37)

4.9 (0.42)

2.0 (0.32)

9.7 (0.62)

5.1 (0.23)

2.4 (0.15)

0.9 (0.18)

*0.3 (0.12)

Race

White, single race ...........................

Black or African American, single race...............

American Indian or Alaska Native, single race ..........

Asian, single race ...........................

Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander, single race .....

Two or more races ...........................

Black or African American, white .................

American Indian or Alaska Native, white ............

21.8 (0.29)

12.5 (0.41)

26.3 (3.15)

9.8 (0.64)

19.9 (4.70)

23.7 (1.75)

17.5 (3.65)

26.8 (2.66)

30.7 (0.45)

20.3 (0.81)

36.4 (4.74)

15.1 (1.15)

28.1 (7.90)

31.2 (2.91)

22.8 (6.61)

33.2 (4.21)

13.5 (0.26)

6.2 (0.35)

15.9 (2.38)

4.7 (0.59)

*11.3 (4.15)

16.7 (1.87)

*14.2 (4.30)

19.6 (3.01)

9.7 (0.18)

6.2 (0.32)

12.7 (2.00)

4.0 (0.45)

*11.7 (3.76)

11.1 (1.45)

*4.0 (1.44)

12.4 (2.10)

15.5 (0.31)

11.3 (0.68)

18.4 (3.10)

6.6 (0.82)

*20.9 (7.38)

16.3 (2.39)

†

15.2 (3.30)

4.3 (0.15)

2.1 (0.20)

6.9 (1.75)

1.6 (0.37)

†

6.2 (1.25)

*2.8 (1.19)

9.2 (2.26)

Hispanic or Latino origin and race

Hispanic or Latino ...........................

Mexican or Mexican American ..................

Not Hispanic or Latino.........................

White, single race ..........................

Black or African American, single race .............

19.4 (0.47)

21.6 (0.62)

20.4 (0.27)

22.2 (0.32)

12.3 (0.42)

30.5 (0.78)

34.2 (1.01)

28.7 (0.43)

30.8 (0.49)

20.0 (0.83)

7.9 (0.41)

8.0 (0.51)

12.9 (0.24)

14.4 (0.29)

6.1 (0.35)

9.6 (0.35)

11.4 (0.47)

9.0 (0.18)

9.7 (0.20)

6.1 (0.33)

16.2 (0.61)

19.2 (0.80)

14.4 (0.31)

15.4 (0.35)

11.1 (0.70)

2.9 (0.24)

2.9 (0.29)

4.1 (0.14)

4.6 (0.17)

2.1 (0.21)

Education

Less than high school graduate ...................

GED diploma4

..............................

High school graduate .........................

Some college—no degree ......................

Associate of arts degree .......................

Bachelor of arts, science degree ..................

Masters, doctorate, medical degree ................

16.2 (0.45)

25.5 (1.23)

18.4 (0.39)

24.1 (0.57)

21.9 (0.64)

23.2 (0.55)

16.7 (0.58)

25.8 (0.78)

36.2 (1.94)

27.6 (0.67)

33.2 (0.89)

32.9 (1.05)

31.1 (0.90)

21.4 (0.92)

7.1 (0.38)

14.3 (1.28)

10.0 (0.36)

16.3 (0.58)

13.5 (0.66)

15.5 (0.54)

11.7 (0.64)

8.9 (0.34)

14.0 (0.99)

9.0 (0.26)

11.0 (0.39)

9.0 (0.43)

9.1 (0.36)

4.8 (0.35)

15.2 (0.62)

21.4 (1.64)

15.2 (0.50)

17.1 (0.67)

15.8 (0.84)

13.5 (0.63)

7.1 (0.61)

2.8 (0.22)

6.3 (0.87)

3.3 (0.23)

5.7 (0.38)

3.7 (0.33)

4.7 (0.32)

2.5 (0.30)

Poverty status5

Below poverty level ..........................

≥ 1 and <2 times poverty level ...................

≥ 2 and <4 times poverty level ...................

4 times poverty level or more ....................

18.8 (0.70)

16.7 (0.44)

19.5 (0.37)

23.0 (0.39)

29.1 (1.18)

25.4 (0.76)

28.0 (0.61)

31.1 (0.60)

11.6 (0.61)

9.6 (0.40)

11.7 (0.38)

14.4 (0.39)

10.1 (0.43)

8.6 (0.30)

8.9 (0.26)

9.2 (0.26)

17.5 (0.87)

14.7 (0.58)

14.4 (0.45)

14.2 (0.42)

4.9 (0.34)

3.6 (0.26)

3.8 (0.24)

4.0 (0.23)

Marital status

Never married..............................

Married ..................................

Cohabiting ................................

Divorced or separated.........................

Widowed .................................

30.3 (0.62)

17.0 (0.26)

34.8 (0.98)

20.2 (0.48)

3.9 (0.29)

38.6 (0.84)

24.2 (0.44)

42.1 (1.39)

32.1 (0.86)

11.0 (1.04)

20.7 (0.68)

9.9 (0.26)

26.8 (1.25)

12.3 (0.49)

2.2 (0.24)

15.8 (0.46)

6.6 (0.16)

16.9 (0.86)

9.7 (0.35)

1.8 (0.20)

22.2 (0.69)

10.7 (0.29)

22.6 (1.23)

18.4 (0.73)

6.6 (0.87)

8.3 (0.45)

2.5 (0.13)

10.9 (0.97)

3.8 (0.27)

0.7 (0.14)

Geographic region

Northeast ................................

Midwest .................................

South ...................................

West ...................................

20.5 (0.58)

24.8 (0.55)

17.5 (0.40)

19.7 (0.48)

29.2 (0.90)

34.5 (0.90)

25.7 (0.61)

27.9 (0.77)

12.9 (0.53)

15.7 (0.48)

10.0 (0.35)

11.8 (0.46)

8.4 (0.37)

11.4 (0.37)

8.3 (0.25)

8.4 (0.31)

13.6 (0.65)

18.1 (0.63)

13.5 (0.45)

13.6 (0.52)

4.0 (0.34)

5.2 (0.32)

3.5 (0.18)

3.3 (0.23)

* Estimates preceded by an asterisk have a relative standard error of greater than 30% and less than or equal to 50%. These should be interpreted with caution as they do not meet the standard of
 

reliability or precision.
 

† Estimates with a relative standard error greater than 50% are indicated with a dagger, but are not shown.
 

1

Adults who had had at least one drink in the past year (current drinkers) were asked on how many days in the past year they had had five or more drinks of any alcoholic beverage. Estimates in this
 

table are the percentage of all adults who had five or more drinks (with nondrinkers assigned a value of zero drinks.)
 

2

Persons of other races and unknown race and ethnicity, unknown education, unknown poverty status, and unknown marital status are included in total.
 

3

Estimates are age adjusted using the projected 2000 U.S. population as the standard population and using three age groups: 18–44 years, 45–64 years, and 65 years and over.
 

4

GED is General Educational Development high school equivalency diploma.
 

5

Poverty status is based on family income and family size using the U.S. Census Bureau poverty thresholds for 2004, 2005, and 2006.
 

NOTES: For age-adjusted percentages, refer to Table 3.3. Denominator for each percentage excludes persons with unknown lifetime drinking status and/or unknown five or more drinks in 1 day. See

Appendix II for definitions of terms. See Appendix III for health behavior questions.

DATA SOURCE: National Health Interview Survey, 2005–2007. Estimates are based on household interviews of a sample of the civilian noninstitutionalized population.
Page 90 [ Series 10, No. 245

Table VI. Crude percentages (with standard errors) of current drinkers 18 years of age and over who had five or more drinks in 1 day at

least once in the past year, and crude percentages (with standard errors) who had five or more drinks in 1 day on at least 12 days in the

past year, by selected characteristics: United States, average annual, 2005–2007

Five or more drinks in 1 day at least once1 Five or more drinks in 1 day on at least 12 days1

Selected characteristic Both sexes Men Women Both sexes Men Women

Percent of current drinkers (standard error)

Ages 18 years and over (crude)2 ..................

Ages 18 years and over (age-adjusted)2,3 ............

33.3 (0.35)

32.2 (0.32)

42.9

41.4

(0.50)

(0.45)

22.4 (0.36)

21.7 (0.33)

14.9 (0.25)

14.5 (0.23)

21.8

21.0

(0.38)

(0.36)

7.3 (0.23)

7.1 (0.22)

Age

18–24 years ...............................

25–44 years ...............................

45–64 years ...............................

65–74 years ...............................

75 years and over ...........................

53.8 (1.02)

40.1 (0.52)

25.2 (0.44)

12.8 (0.67)

5.8 (0.56)

64.0 (1.38)

50.7 (0.71)

34.7 (0.69)

18.4 (1.06)

9.1 (0.96)

42.3 (1.30)

27.7 (0.58)

14.9 (0.48)

6.2 (0.69)

2.5 (0.59)

27.3 (0.91)

17.3 (0.37)

11.0 (0.32)

5.9 (0.44)

2.5 (0.38)

36.1 (1.35)

25.1 (0.58)

17.1 (0.54)

8.8 (0.73)

4.2 (0.67)

17.5 (1.05)

8.2 (0.36)

4.3 (0.27)

2.4 (0.45)

*0.9 (0.37)

Race

White, single race ...........................

Black or African American, single race...............

American Indian or Alaska Native, single race ..........

Asian, single race ...........................

Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander, single race .....

Two or more races ...........................

Black or African American, white .................

American Indian or Alaska Native, white ............

34.3 (0.38)

25.6 (0.78)

48.8 (4.09)

22.2 (1.33)

42.2 (8.76)

42.5 (2.76)

31.4 (5.94)

50.0 (3.96)

44.2 (0.55)

35.0 (1.27)

60.8 (5.82)

26.8 (1.87)

64.6 (11.40)

53.8 (3.74)

40.3 (9.71)

58.1 (5.21)

23.2 (0.40)

15.1 (0.81)

33.4 (4.30)

14.6 (1.71)

*22.1 (8.34)

30.9 (3.43)

25.6 (7.30)

39.4 (5.55)

15.3 (0.26)

12.7 (0.65)

23.6 (3.19)

9.1 (0.99)

24.9 (7.42)

19.9 (2.55)

*7.2 (2.58)

23.1 (3.72)

22.3 (0.42)

19.4 (1.11)

30.7 (4.37)

11.8 (1.41)

48.1 (12.71)

28.1 (3.76)

†

26.6 (5.31)

7.4 (0.26)

5.1 (0.49)

14.4 (3.45)

4.8 (1.13)

†

11.6 (2.37)

*5.1 (2.18)

18.5 (4.32)

Hispanic or Latino origin and race

Hispanic or Latino ...........................

Mexican or Mexican American ..................

Not Hispanic or Latino.........................

White, single race ..........................

Black or African American, single race .............

36.9 (0.77)

42.1 (1.00)

32.8 (0.37)

33.9 (0.41)

25.4 (0.80)

46.9

52.6

42.3

43.7

34.5

(1.02)

(1.29)

(0.55)

(0.60)

(1.31)

19.9 (0.95)

21.8 (1.28)

22.7 (0.38)

23.6 (0.43)

15.0 (0.82)

18.4 (0.62)

22.2 (0.84)

14.5 (0.26)

14.8 (0.29)

12.6 (0.67)

24.8

29.6

21.3

21.8

19.2

(0.86)

(1.12)

(0.42)

(0.46)

(1.15)

7.4 (0.60)

7.8 (0.78)

7.2 (0.24)

7.4 (0.27)

5.1 (0.50)

Education

Less than high school graduate ...................

GED diploma4

..............................

High school graduate .........................

Some college—no degree ......................

Associate of arts degree .......................

Bachelor of arts, science degree ..................

Masters, doctorate, medical degree ................

38.9 (0.89)

44.4 (1.85)

33.2 (0.60)

36.9 (0.73)

32.8 (0.86)

31.5 (0.70)

22.5 (0.76)

47.2

56.2

43.8

47.5

45.2

39.9

28.2

(1.19)

(2.41)

(0.91)

(1.08)

(1.25)

(1.06)

(1.16)

24.1 (1.13)

28.6 (2.39)

20.6 (0.67)

26.6 (0.85)

21.6 (1.00)

22.4 (0.76)

16.2 (0.87)

21.3 (0.73)

24.4 (1.59)

16.2 (0.45)

16.8 (0.56)

13.5 (0.61)

12.3 (0.47)

6.5 (0.47)

27.9 (1.03)

33.3 (2.35)

24.2 (0.73)

24.5 (0.89)

21.7 (1.09)

17.3 (0.78)

9.4 (0.79)

9.5 (0.73)

12.5 (1.72)

6.7 (0.45)

9.3 (0.61)

6.0 (0.53)

6.8 (0.46)

3.4 (0.41)

Poverty status5

Below poverty level ..........................

≥ 1 and <2 times poverty level ...................

≥ 2 and <4 times poverty level ...................

4 times poverty level or more ....................

40.5 (1.09)

34.4 (0.78)

33.1 (0.56)

31.6 (0.49)

51.5

44.5

43.1

40.8

(1.55)

(1.13)

(0.86)

(0.73)

29.5 (1.25)

23.1 (0.91)

22.0 (0.63)

21.0 (0.53)

21.7 (0.77)

17.6 (0.58)

15.1 (0.41)

12.6 (0.34)

31.0

25.7

22.1

18.6

(1.30)

(0.94)

(0.66)

(0.53)

12.4 (0.80)

8.6 (0.62)

7.2 (0.43)

5.8 (0.33)

Marital status

Never married..............................

Married ..................................

Cohabiting ................................

Divorced or separated.........................

Widowed .................................

49.3 (0.76)

27.6 (0.38)

46.3 (1.18)

32.6 (0.71)

10.9 (0.77)

58.2

35.9

53.4

46.6

22.4

(0.97)

(0.59)

(1.56)

(1.11)

(1.97)

36.9 (0.99)

17.7 (0.43)

37.9 (1.62)

21.4 (0.82)

6.7 (0.71)

25.7 (0.65)

10.7 (0.25)

22.6 (1.11)

15.6 (0.54)

5.0 (0.55)

33.6

15.9

28.6

26.6

13.4

(0.92)

(0.41)

(1.48)

(0.99)

(1.69)

14.8 (0.76)

4.5 (0.22)

15.4 (1.34)

6.7 (0.47)

2.0 (0.42)

Geographic region

Northeast ................................

Midwest .................................

South ...................................

West ...................................

30.0 (0.77)

38.1 (0.69)

31.9 (0.62)

32.7 (0.71)

39.5

48.8

41.6

41.2

(1.13)

(1.07)

(0.84)

(0.97)

20.4 (0.78)

26.3 (0.72)

20.7 (0.63)

22.2 (0.78)

12.3 (0.52)

17.6 (0.52)

15.1 (0.42)

13.9 (0.49)

18.3

25.6

21.9

20.1

(0.85)

(0.82)

(0.66)

(0.72)

6.3 (0.54)

8.7 (0.51)

7.3 (0.36)

6.3 (0.42)

* Estimates preceded by an asterisk have a relative standard error of greater than 30% and less than or equal to 50%. These should be interpreted with caution as they do not meet the standard of
 

reliability or precision.
 

† Estimates with a relative standard error greater than 50% are indicated with a dagger, but are not shown.
 

1

Adults who had had at least one drink in the past year were asked on how many days in the past year they had had five or more drinks.
 

2

Persons of other races and unknown race and ethnicity, unknown education, unknown poverty status, and unknown marital status are included in total.
 

3

Estimates are age adjusted using the projected 2000 U.S. population as the standard population and using three age groups: 18–44 years, 45–64 years, and 65 years and over.
 

4

GED is General Educational Development high school equivalency diploma.
 

5

Poverty status is based on family income and family size using the U.S. Census Bureau poverty thresholds for 2004, 2005, and 2006.
 

NOTES: For age-adjusted percentages, refer to Table 3.4. Denominator for each percentage excludes persons with unknown lifetime drinking status, nondrinkers, and current drinkers with unknown
 

information for five or more drinks in 1 day. See Appendix II for definitions of terms. See Appendix III for health behavior questions.
 

DATA SOURCE: National Health Interview Survey, 2005–2007. Estimates are based on household interviews of a sample of the civilian noninstitutionalized population.
Series 10, No. 245 [ Page 91

Table VII. Crude percent distributions (with standard errors) of lifetime cigarette smoking status for adults 18 years of age and over, by

selected characteristics: United States, average annual 2005–2007

Lifetime cigarette smoking status1

Never Former Current

Selected characteristic Total smoker smoker smoker

Both sexes Percent distribution (standard error)

Ages 18 years and over (crude)2 .................. 100.0 58.1 (0.27) 21.4 (0.21) 20.5 (0.21)

Ages 18 years and over (age-adjusted)2,3 ............ 100.0 58.5 (0.26) 21.1 (0.19) 20.4 (0.21)

Age:

18–24 years ............................. 100.0 69.8 (0.74) 6.7 (0.34) 23.5 (0.67)

25–44 years ............................. 100.0 62.5 (0.37) 14.0 (0.26) 23.4 (0.32)

45–64 years ............................. 100.0 51.7 (0.43) 26.7 (0.36) 21.6 (0.34)

65–74 years ............................. 100.0 48.4 (0.69) 39.2 (0.67) 12.4 (0.44)

75 years and over.......................... 100.0 56.2 (0.75) 38.6 (0.74) 5.1 (0.31)

Race:

White, single race .......................... 100.0 56.2 (0.29) 23.1 (0.23) 20.7 (0.24)

Black or African American, single race ............. 100.0 65.6 (0.57) 13.2 (0.39) 21.2 (0.50)

American Indian or Alaska Native, single race ........ 100.0 52.1 (4.17) 19.8 (2.64) 28.1 (3.07)

Asian, single race .......................... 100.0 77.7 (0.83) 10.8 (0.62) 11.5 (0.66)

Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander, single race.... 100.0 72.6 (5.61) *13.0 (4.12) 14.5 (3.87)

Two or more races ......................... 100.0 52.2 (2.19) 21.8 (1.47) 26.0 (1.90)

Black or African American, white ............... 100.0 65.4 (4.42) 14.7 (2.98) 19.9 (3.43)

American Indian or Alaska Native, white........... 100.0 43.0 (2.96) 26.5 (2.16) 30.5 (2.97)

Hispanic or Latino origin and race:

Hispanic or Latino .......................... 100.0 71.7 (0.54) 13.4 (0.40) 14.9 (0.44)

Mexican or Mexican American ................. 100.0 73.2 (0.64) 12.2 (0.43) 14.6 (0.52)

Not Hispanic or Latino ....................... 100.0 56.1 (0.29) 22.6 (0.23) 21.3 (0.23)

White, single race ........................ 100.0 53.4 (0.33) 24.8 (0.26) 21.8 (0.27)

Black or African American, single race ............ 100.0 65.3 (0.58) 13.3 (0.40) 21.4 (0.51)

Education:

Less than high school graduate ................. 100.0 53.6 (0.60) 20.1 (0.47) 26.4 (0.52)

GED diploma4 ............................ 100.0 32.5 (1.27) 22.5 (1.04) 45.0 (1.39)

High school graduate ........................ 100.0 53.7 (0.47) 22.1 (0.38) 24.3 (0.39)

Some college—no degree ..................... 100.0 56.7 (0.60) 21.2 (0.45) 22.1 (0.45)

Associate of arts degree ...................... 100.0 57.1 (0.71) 22.3 (0.60) 20.6 (0.58)

Bachelor of arts, science degree ................. 100.0 68.7 (0.50) 20.5 (0.45) 10.7 (0.36)

Masters, doctorate, medical degree ............... 100.0 70.1 (0.66) 23.2 (0.61) 6.7 (0.35)

Poverty status:5

Below poverty level ......................... 100.0 57.5 (0.79) 14.0 (0.44) 28.5 (0.67)

≥1 and <2 times poverty level .................. 100.0 56.2 (0.58) 19.8 (0.43) 24.0 (0.48)

≥2 and <4 times poverty level .................. 100.0 56.5 (0.43) 22.0 (0.35) 21.5 (0.37)

4 times poverty level or more ................... 100.0 60.6 (0.37) 24.0 (0.33) 15.4 (0.28)

Marital status:

Never married ............................ 100.0 66.5 (0.57) 9.5 (0.29) 24.1 (0.51)

Married ................................ 100.0 59.0 (0.32) 24.7 (0.28) 16.3 (0.23)

Cohabiting .............................. 100.0 43.6 (0.96) 18.2 (0.74) 38.2 (0.96)

Divorced or separated ....................... 100.0 46.7 (0.55) 22.8 (0.46) 30.5 (0.51)

Widowed ............................... 100.0 56.6 (0.75) 30.6 (0.71) 12.8 (0.47)

Geographic region:

Northeast ............................... 100.0 57.0 (0.63) 24.1 (0.50) 18.9 (0.47)

Midwest ................................ 100.0 54.5 (0.55) 22.1 (0.39) 23.4 (0.45)

South ................................. 100.0 58.8 (0.44) 19.8 (0.36) 21.4 (0.34)

West .................................. 100.0 62.0 (0.57) 21.0 (0.40) 16.9 (0.43)

Men

Ages 18 years and over (crude)2 .................. 100.0 51.8 (0.38) 24.8 (0.32) 23.4 (0.32)

Ages 18 years and over (age-adjusted)2,3 ............ 100.0 51.8 (0.37) 25.2 (0.29) 23.0 (0.31)

Age:

18–24 years ............................. 100.0 66.6 (1.11) 6.1 (0.46) 27.3 (1.02)

25–44 years ............................. 100.0 58.8 (0.54) 14.9 (0.39) 26.3 (0.48)

45–64 years ............................. 100.0 44.5 (0.58) 31.4 (0.55) 24.1 (0.50)

65–74 years ............................. 100.0 36.3 (0.96) 49.9 (1.02) 13.8 (0.69)

75 years and over.......................... 100.0 36.3 (1.18) 58.0 (1.19) 5.6 (0.53)

See footnotes at end of table.
Page 92 [ Series 10, No. 245

Table VII. Crude percent distributions (with standard errors) of lifetime cigarette smoking status for adults 18 years of age and over, by

selected characteristics: United States, average annual 2005–2007—Con.

Lifetime cigarette smoking status1

Never Former Current

Selected characteristic Total smoker smoker smoker

Men—Con. Percent distribution (standard error)

Race:

White, single race .......................... 100.0 50.4 (0.42) 26.5 (0.37) 23.2 (0.35)

Black or African American, single race ............. 100.0 57.7 (0.91) 16.3 (0.63) 26.0 (0.85)

American Indian or Alaska Native, single race ........ 100.0 47.8 (5.30) 21.6 (3.17) 30.6 (4.67)

Asian, single race .......................... 100.0 65.2 (1.40) 16.5 (1.09) 18.3 (1.16)

Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander, single race.... 100.0 65.8 (8.42) *11.4 (5.23) *22.9 (7.26)

Two or more races ......................... 100.0 49.6 (3.02) 24.6 (2.30) 25.8 (2.73)

Black or African American, white ............... 100.0 60.4 (7.63) 19.7 (5.51) *19.9 (6.00)

American Indian or Alaska Native, white........... 100.0 40.4 (4.23) 29.7 (3.30) 29.9 (4.12)

Hispanic or Latino origin and race:

Hispanic or Latino .......................... 100.0 62.8 (0.84) 17.5 (0.67) 19.7 (0.70)

Mexican or Mexican American ................. 100.0 63.8 (1.00) 16.2 (0.68) 20.1 (0.84)

Not Hispanic or Latino ....................... 100.0 50.0 (0.41) 26.0 (0.36) 24.0 (0.34)

White, single race ........................ 100.0 48.1 (0.46) 28.1 (0.42) 23.8 (0.40)

Black or African American, single race ............ 100.0 57.2 (0.94) 16.4 (0.65) 26.4 (0.88)

Education:

Less than high school graduate ................. 100.0 43.8 (0.89) 25.6 (0.72) 30.6 (0.79)

GED diploma4 ............................ 100.0 25.3 (1.70) 24.7 (1.66) 50.0 (2.00)

High school graduate ........................ 100.0 46.0 (0.66) 25.9 (0.58) 28.1 (0.61)

Some college—no degree ..................... 100.0 52.1 (0.88) 23.3 (0.70) 24.6 (0.71)

Associate of arts degree ...................... 100.0 51.5 (1.10) 24.3 (0.91) 24.2 (0.95)

Bachelor of arts, science degree ................. 100.0 63.4 (0.78) 24.4 (0.71) 12.3 (0.60)

Masters, doctorate, medical degree ............... 100.0 67.5 (0.96) 25.6 (0.91) 6.9 (0.52)

Poverty status:5

Below poverty level ......................... 100.0 50.6 (1.25) 16.8 (0.79) 32.6 (1.05)

≥1 and <2 times poverty level .................. 100.0 47.4 (0.91) 24.2 (0.70) 28.5 (0.80)

≥2 and <4 times poverty level .................. 100.0 49.4 (0.62) 25.7 (0.54) 25.0 (0.57)

4 times poverty level or more ................... 100.0 55.8 (0.55) 26.5 (0.50) 17.7 (0.43)

Marital status:

Never married ............................ 100.0 62.5 (0.81) 9.9 (0.41) 27.7 (0.74)

Married ................................ 100.0 51.7 (0.46) 30.1 (0.43) 18.1 (0.34)

Cohabiting .............................. 100.0 40.8 (1.26) 19.1 (1.04) 40.1 (1.28)

Divorced or separated ....................... 100.0 38.6 (0.85) 25.3 (0.73) 36.1 (0.79)

Widowed ............................... 100.0 33.2 (1.44) 50.0 (1.56) 16.8 (1.19)

Geographic region:

Northeast ............................... 100.0 52.3 (0.97) 26.9 (0.78) 20.9 (0.75)

Midwest ................................ 100.0 48.6 (0.78) 25.3 (0.70) 26.1 (0.69)

South ................................. 100.0 51.7 (0.61) 23.7 (0.56) 24.6 (0.51)

West .................................. 100.0 55.1 (0.79) 24.5 (0.58) 20.4 (0.64)

Women

Ages 18 years and over (crude)2 .................. 100.0 64.0 (0.33) 18.2 (0.25) 17.8 (0.24)

Ages 18 years and over (age-adjusted)2,3 ............ 100.0 64.4 (0.33) 17.6 (0.23) 18.0 (0.24)

Age:

18–24 years ............................. 100.0 73.1 (0.89) 7.2 (0.50) 19.7 (0.80)

25–44 years ............................. 100.0 66.2 (0.48) 13.1 (0.34) 20.7 (0.41)

45–64 years ............................. 100.0 58.4 (0.56) 22.4 (0.46) 19.2 (0.40)

65–74 years ............................. 100.0 58.6 (0.92) 30.1 (0.87) 11.3 (0.57)

75 years and over.......................... 100.0 69.0 (0.85) 26.2 (0.83) 4.8 (0.37)

Race:

White, single race .......................... 100.0 61.6 (0.37) 20.0 (0.28) 18.4 (0.27)

Black or African American, single race ............. 100.0 71.9 (0.68) 10.8 (0.45) 17.3 (0.56)

American Indian or Alaska Native, single race ........ 100.0 56.3 (4.14) 18.0 (3.33) 25.7 (3.06)

Asian, single race .......................... 100.0 89.5 (0.78) 5.5 (0.56) 5.0 (0.56)

Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander, single race.... 100.0 80.2 (6.77) *14.8 (6.27) †

Two or more races ......................... 100.0 54.8 (2.98) 19.0 (1.89) 26.2 (2.39)

Black or African American, white ............... 100.0 68.8 (5.42) *11.4 (3.45) 19.8 (4.13)

American Indian or Alaska Native, white........... 100.0 46.1 (4.09) 22.7 (3.13) 31.1 (3.64)

See footnotes at end of table.
Series 10, No. 245 [ Page 93

Table VII. Crude percent distributions (with standard errors) of lifetime cigarette smoking status for adults 18 years of age and over, by

selected characteristics: United States, average annual 2005–2007—Con.

Lifetime cigarette smoking status1

Never Former Current

Selected characteristic Total smoker smoker smoker

Women—Con. Percent distribution (standard error)

Hispanic or Latino origin and race:

Hispanic or Latino .......................... 100.0 81.1 (0.55) 9.1 (0.38) 9.8 (0.42)

Mexican or Mexican American ................. 100.0 83.6 (0.67) 7.8 (0.46) 8.5 (0.52)

Not Hispanic or Latino ....................... 100.0 61.6 (0.37) 19.4 (0.27) 18.9 (0.27)

White, single race ........................ 100.0 58.4 (0.41) 21.7 (0.32) 19.8 (0.31)

Black or African American, single race ............ 100.0 71.8 (0.68) 10.8 (0.46) 17.4 (0.57)

Education:

Less than high school graduate ................. 100.0 63.0 (0.71) 14.7 (0.53) 22.3 (0.63)

GED diploma4 ............................ 100.0 40.1 (1.83) 20.1 (1.31) 39.7 (1.86)

High school graduate ........................ 100.0 60.8 (0.63) 18.5 (0.46) 20.7 (0.49)

Some college—no degree ..................... 100.0 60.7 (0.71) 19.4 (0.57) 19.9 (0.55)

Associate of arts degree ...................... 100.0 61.4 (0.91) 20.7 (0.79) 17.9 (0.68)

Bachelor of arts, science degree ................. 100.0 73.9 (0.65) 16.8 (0.55) 9.3 (0.41)

Masters, doctorate, medical degree ............... 100.0 72.9 (0.92) 20.7 (0.85) 6.4 (0.44)

Poverty status:5

Below poverty level ......................... 100.0 62.5 (0.84) 12.0 (0.47) 25.6 (0.75)

≥1 and <2 times poverty level .................. 100.0 63.4 (0.63) 16.2 (0.48) 20.3 (0.53)

≥2 and <4 times poverty level .................. 100.0 63.1 (0.57) 18.5 (0.44) 18.3 (0.44)

4 times poverty level or more ................... 100.0 65.7 (0.50) 21.2 (0.44) 13.0 (0.35)

Marital status:

Never married ............................ 100.0 71.2 (0.70) 9.0 (0.41) 19.7 (0.61)

Married ................................ 100.0 66.3 (0.41) 19.2 (0.34) 14.5 (0.29)

Cohabiting .............................. 100.0 46.8 (1.37) 17.2 (1.01) 36.0 (1.30)

Divorced or separated ....................... 100.0 52.2 (0.71) 21.2 (0.59) 26.6 (0.65)

Widowed ............................... 100.0 62.4 (0.81) 25.9 (0.76) 11.8 (0.51)

Geographic region:

Northeast ............................... 100.0 61.1 (0.71) 21.7 (0.59) 17.2 (0.53)

Midwest ................................ 100.0 60.0 (0.76) 19.1 (0.54) 20.9 (0.56)

South ................................. 100.0 65.3 (0.51) 16.2 (0.38) 18.5 (0.39)

West .................................. 100.0 68.9 (0.68) 17.6 (0.51) 13.5 (0.44)

* Estimates preceded by an asterisk have a relative standard error of greater than 30% and less than or equal to 50%. These should be interpreted with caution as they do not meet the standard of

reliability or precision.

† Estimates with a relative standard error greater than 50% are indicated with a dagger, but are not shown.

1

Lifetime cigarette smoking status: Never smoker—never smoked at all or smoked less than 100 cigarettes in lifetime; former smoker—smoked at least 100 cigarettes in lifetime but not currently
 

smoking; current smoker—smoked at least 100 cigarettes in lifetime and currently smoked.
 

2

Persons of other races and unknown race and ethnicity, unknown education, unknown poverty status, and unknown marital status are included in the total.
 

3

Estimates are age adjusted using the projected 2000 U.S. population as the standard population and using three age groups: 18–44 years, 45–64 years, and 65 years and over.
 

4

GED is General Educational Development high school equivalency diploma.
 

5

Poverty status is based on family income and family size using the U.S. Census Bureau poverty thresholds for 2004, 2005, and 2006.
 

NOTES: For age-adjusted percent distributions, refer to Table 4.1. Denominator for each percent distribution excludes persons with unknown smoking status. See Appendix II for definitions of terms.
 

See Apprendix III for health behavior questions.
 

DATA SOURCE: National Health Interview Survey, 2005–2007. Estimates are based on household interviews of a sample of the civilian noninstitutionalized population.
 
Page 94 [ Series 10, No. 245

Table VIII. Crude percent distributions (with standard errors) of current cigarette smoking status for adults 18 years of age and over, and

crude mean number (with standard errors) of cigarettes on days smoked among current smokers 18 years of age and over, by selected

characteristics: United States, average annual, 2005–2007

Current cigarette smoking status1 Number of cigarettes on days smoked2

Non- Nondaily Daily All current Nondaily Daily

Selected characteristic Total smoker smoker smoker smokers smokers smokers

Both sexes Percent distribution (standard error) Mean (standard error)

Ages 18 years and over (crude)3 .................. 100.0 79.5 (0.21) 4.2 (0.09) 16.3 (0.20) 14.2 (0.12) 4.4 (0.09) 16.6 (0.12)

Ages 18 years and over (age-adjusted)3,4 ............ 100.0 79.6 (0.21) 4.2 (0.09) 16.2 (0.20) 14.3 (0.13) 4.5 (0.11) 16.6 (0.14)

Age:

18–24 years ............................. 100.0 76.5 (0.67) 6.9 (0.37) 16.6 (0.60) 10.4 (0.32) 3.6 (0.19) 13.2 (0.36)

25–44 years ............................. 100.0 76.6 (0.32) 5.1 (0.15) 18.4 (0.30) 13.6 (0.15) 4.4 (0.13) 16.0 (0.16)

45–64 years ............................. 100.0 78.4 (0.34) 3.5 (0.13) 18.1 (0.32) 16.2 (0.18) 5.1 (0.19) 18.2 (0.18)

65–74 years ............................. 100.0 87.6 (0.44) 2.1 (0.19) 10.4 (0.41) 16.4 (0.52) 4.7 (0.47) 18.7 (0.55)

75 years and over.......................... 100.0 94.9 (0.31) 0.9 (0.13) 4.2 (0.28) 13.6 (0.63) 4.6 (0.92) 15.3 (0.68)

Race:

White, single race .......................... 100.0 79.3 (0.24) 4.0 (0.10) 16.7 (0.23) 15.0 (0.13) 4.5 (0.11) 17.4 (0.14)

Black or African American, single race ............. 100.0 78.8 (0.50) 5.3 (0.27) 15.9 (0.44) 10.4 (0.21) 4.5 (0.23) 12.3 (0.23)

American Indian or Alaska Native, single race ........ 100.0 71.9 (3.07) 8.6 (1.59) 19.6 (2.57) 11.0 (1.00) 3.0 (0.41) 14.2 (1.13)

Asian, single race .......................... 100.0 88.5 (0.66) 3.0 (0.32) 8.4 (0.57) 10.0 (0.42) 3.7 (0.36) 12.2 (0.51)

Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander, single race.... 100.0 85.5 (3.87) † 11.0 (3.22) 9.3 (1.66) 2.6 (0.41) 11.5 (1.61)

Two or more races ......................... 100.0 74.0 (1.90) 4.6 (0.81) 21.4 (1.75) 12.2 (0.63) 4.4 (0.51) 13.9 (0.67)

Black or African American, white ............... 100.0 80.1 (3.43) *4.4 (1.80) 15.5 (3.13) 9.4 (1.14) 5.5 (1.37) 10.5 (1.35)

American Indian or Alaska Native, white........... 100.0 69.5 (2.97) 5.1 (1.30) 25.4 (2.78) 14.3 (0.89) 4.0 (0.59) 16.4 (0.88)

Hispanic or Latino origin and race:

Hispanic or Latino .......................... 100.0 85.1 (0.44) 5.9 (0.27) 9.0 (0.33) 7.8 (0.20) 3.5 (0.16) 10.6 (0.25)

Mexican or Mexican American ................. 100.0 85.4 (0.52) 6.5 (0.34) 8.1 (0.40) 7.1 (0.25) 3.4 (0.18) 9.9 (0.34)

Not Hispanic or Latino ....................... 100.0 78.7 (0.23) 3.9 (0.10) 17.4 (0.22) 14.9 (0.13) 4.6 (0.11) 17.1 (0.13)

White, single race ........................ 100.0 78.2 (0.27) 3.7 (0.10) 18.0 (0.26) 15.8 (0.14) 4.8 (0.13) 18.0 (0.15)

Black or African American, single race ............ 100.0 78.6 (0.51) 5.3 (0.28) 16.1 (0.45) 10.4 (0.21) 4.5 (0.23) 12.3 (0.23)

Education:

Less than high school graduate ................. 100.0 73.6 (0.52) 4.5 (0.23) 21.8 (0.51) 15.2 (0.32) 4.5 (0.24) 17.3 (0.33)

GED diploma5 ............................ 100.0 55.0 (1.39) 4.2 (0.48) 40.8 (1.40) 18.1 (0.47) 5.2 (0.61) 19.4 (0.48)

High school graduate ........................ 100.0 75.7 (0.39) 4.2 (0.17) 20.1 (0.37) 14.8 (0.18) 4.7 (0.20) 16.8 (0.19)

Some college—no degree ..................... 100.0 77.9 (0.45) 5.1 (0.24) 17.0 (0.40) 13.2 (0.21) 4.4 (0.19) 15.8 (0.23)

Associate of arts degree ...................... 100.0 79.4 (0.58) 4.3 (0.28) 16.3 (0.53) 13.5 (0.28) 4.6 (0.25) 15.7 (0.30)

Bachelor of arts, science degree ................. 100.0 89.3 (0.36) 3.8 (0.21) 6.9 (0.31) 11.0 (0.28) 3.9 (0.17) 14.8 (0.32)

Masters, doctorate, medical degree ............... 100.0 93.3 (0.35) 2.3 (0.20) 4.4 (0.28) 11.6 (0.55) 3.8 (0.28) 15.6 (0.65)

Poverty status:6

Below poverty level ......................... 100.0 71.5 (0.67) 5.5 (0.25) 22.9 (0.64) 13.8 (0.31) 4.1 (0.21) 16.0 (0.33)

≥1 and <2 times poverty level .................. 100.0 76.0 (0.48) 4.4 (0.21) 19.6 (0.46) 14.8 (0.26) 4.3 (0.20) 17.0 (0.28)

≥2 and <4 times poverty level .................. 100.0 78.5 (0.37) 4.2 (0.18) 17.4 (0.36) 14.5 (0.19) 4.7 (0.20) 16.7 (0.20)

4 times poverty level or more ................... 100.0 84.6 (0.28) 3.7 (0.16) 11.8 (0.26) 13.8 (0.22) 4.4 (0.16) 16.5 (0.22)

Marital status:

Never married ............................ 100.0 75.9 (0.51) 6.6 (0.27) 17.4 (0.46) 11.8 (0.24) 4.3 (0.17) 14.6 (0.27)

Married ................................ 100.0 83.7 (0.23) 3.1 (0.10) 13.2 (0.22) 14.8 (0.17) 4.4 (0.14) 17.1 (0.17)

Cohabiting .............................. 100.0 61.8 (0.96) 6.8 (0.45) 31.3 (0.93) 14.1 (0.29) 3.9 (0.25) 16.2 (0.31)

Divorced or separated ....................... 100.0 69.5 (0.51) 5.2 (0.24) 25.3 (0.51) 15.8 (0.23) 5.1 (0.22) 18.0 (0.24)

Widowed ............................... 100.0 87.2 (0.47) 1.9 (0.19) 10.8 (0.43) 15.2 (0.37) 5.4 (0.62) 16.6 (0.38)

Geographic region:

Northeast ............................... 100.0 81.1 (0.47) 4.1 (0.23) 14.8 (0.44) 13.9 (0.27) 4.6 (0.27) 16.3 (0.26)

Midwest ................................ 100.0 76.6 (0.45) 4.7 (0.19) 18.7 (0.45) 14.7 (0.19) 4.9 (0.21) 17.0 (0.21)

South ................................. 100.0 78.6 (0.34) 3.8 (0.13) 17.6 (0.33) 15.0 (0.22) 4.3 (0.13) 17.2 (0.22)

West .................................. 100.0 83.1 (0.43) 4.4 (0.20) 12.6 (0.37) 12.0 (0.26) 3.9 (0.17) 14.7 (0.27)

Men

Ages 18 years and over (crude)3 .................. 100.0 76.6 (0.32) 5.0 (0.15) 18.4 (0.29) 15.1 (0.18) 4.5 (0.13) 17.9 (0.18)

Ages 18 years and over (age-adjusted)3,4 ............ 100.0 77.0 (0.31) 5.0 (0.15) 18.1 (0.29) 15.3 (0.19) 4.6 (0.16) 18.0 (0.20)

Age:

18–24 years ............................. 100.0 72.7 (1.02) 8.4 (0.62) 18.9 (0.90) 10.9 (0.49) 3.8 (0.28) 14.1 (0.58)

25–44 years ............................. 100.0 73.7 (0.48) 6.1 (0.24) 20.2 (0.45) 14.2 (0.21) 4.4 (0.18) 17.1 (0.23)

45–64 years ............................. 100.0 75.9 (0.50) 3.7 (0.20) 20.4 (0.47) 17.8 (0.27) 5.2 (0.29) 19.8 (0.28)

65–74 years ............................. 100.0 86.2 (0.69) 2.3 (0.31) 11.5 (0.65) 18.4 (0.82) 4.5 (0.72) 21.1 (0.83)

75 years and over.......................... 100.0 94.4 (0.53) 1.1 (0.25) 4.5 (0.47) 13.8 (1.09) *5.3 (1.65) 15.7 (1.17)

See footnotes at end of table.
Series 10, No. 245 [ Page 95

Table VIII. Crude percent distributions (with standard errors) of current cigarette smoking status for adults 18 years of age and over, and

crude mean number (with standard errors) of cigarettes on days smoked among current smokers 18 years of age and over, by selected

characteristics: United States, average annual, 2005–2007—Con.

Current cigarette smoking status1 Number of cigarettes on days smoked2

Non- Nondaily Daily All current Nondaily Daily

Selected characteristic Total smoker smoker smoker smokers smokers smokers

Men Percent distribution (standard error) Mean (standard error)

Race:

White, single race .......................... 100.0 76.8 (0.35) 4.7 (0.16) 18.5 (0.33) 16.0 (0.20) 4.6 (0.15) 18.8 (0.20)

Black or African American, single race ............. 100.0 74.0 (0.85) 7.1 (0.53) 18.9 (0.75) 10.9 (0.35) 4.4 (0.32) 13.3 (0.36)

American Indian or Alaska Native, single race ........ 100.0 69.4 (4.67) 5.3 (1.55) 25.3 (4.28) 13.5 (1.46) 2.9 (0.77) 15.6 (1.63)

Asian, single race .......................... 100.0 81.7 (1.16) 4.9 (0.57) 13.3 (1.05) 10.0 (0.51) 3.9 (0.43) 12.2 (0.61)

Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander, single race.... 100.0 77.1 (7.26) † *16.3 (6.14) 9.4 (1.87) 2.6 (0.41) 12.1 (1.85)

Two or more races ......................... 100.0 74.2 (2.73) 5.2 (1.27) 20.6 (2.51) 13.4 (0.99) 4.4 (0.54) 15.7 (1.12)

Black or African American, white ............... 100.0 80.1 (6.00) † *14.6 (5.12) 10.1 (2.05) 3.9 (0.87) 12.3 (2.42)

American Indian or Alaska Native, white........... 100.0 70.1 (4.12) *5.0 (1.78) 24.9 (3.82) 16.0 (1.27) 4.5 (0.85) 18.4 (1.30)

Hispanic or Latino origin and race:

Hispanic or Latino .......................... 100.0 80.3 (0.70) 8.2 (0.44) 11.5 (0.54) 8.1 (0.25) 3.6 (0.21) 11.1 (0.33)

Mexican or Mexican American ................. 100.0 79.9 (0.84) 9.3 (0.56) 10.8 (0.66) 7.4 (0.31) 3.6 (0.23) 10.4 (0.44)

Not Hispanic or Latino ....................... 100.0 76.0 (0.34) 4.5 (0.16) 19.5 (0.33) 16.1 (0.19) 4.7 (0.16) 18.5 (0.19)

White, single race ........................ 100.0 76.2 (0.40) 4.0 (0.17) 19.8 (0.38) 17.3 (0.21) 5.0 (0.20) 19.6 (0.22)

Black or African American, single race ............ 100.0 73.6 (0.88) 7.1 (0.54) 19.2 (0.77) 10.9 (0.35) 4.3 (0.30) 13.4 (0.37)

Education:

Less than high school graduate ................. 100.0 69.4 (0.79) 6.1 (0.39) 24.5 (0.78) 16.0 (0.47) 4.5 (0.31) 18.7 (0.49)

GED diploma5 ............................ 100.0 50.0 (2.00) 4.4 (0.75) 45.7 (2.02) 19.2 (0.71) 6.1 (0.98) 20.4 (0.74)

High school graduate ........................ 100.0 71.9 (0.61) 5.2 (0.29) 23.0 (0.57) 15.6 (0.27) 4.9 (0.29) 17.9 (0.28)

Some college—no degree ..................... 100.0 75.4 (0.71) 6.0 (0.40) 18.6 (0.61) 14.1 (0.32) 4.6 (0.28) 17.1 (0.34)

Associate of arts degree ...................... 100.0 75.8 (0.95) 4.7 (0.44) 19.5 (0.88) 15.3 (0.43) 4.7 (0.35) 17.7 (0.44)

Bachelor of arts, science degree ................. 100.0 87.7 (0.60) 4.2 (0.32) 8.0 (0.54) 11.8 (0.41) 3.6 (0.20) 15.9 (0.51)

Masters, doctorate, medical degree ............... 100.0 93.1 (0.52) 2.3 (0.28) 4.6 (0.44) 12.0 (0.78) 3.4 (0.37) 16.0 (0.89)

Poverty status:6

Below poverty level ......................... 100.0 67.4 (1.05) 7.2 (0.48) 25.4 (1.00) 14.8 (0.56) 4.1 (0.32) 17.6 (0.61)

≥1 and <2 times poverty level .................. 100.0 71.5 (0.80) 5.6 (0.34) 22.8 (0.79) 15.4 (0.40) 4.4 (0.28) 18.1 (0.44)

≥2 and <4 times poverty level .................. 100.0 75.0 (0.57) 5.0 (0.28) 20.0 (0.55) 15.2 (0.26) 4.9 (0.29) 17.7 (0.30)

4 times poverty level or more ................... 100.0 82.3 (0.43) 4.1 (0.25) 13.5 (0.39) 15.0 (0.30) 4.3 (0.21) 18.1 (0.31)

Marital status:

Never married ............................ 100.0 72.3 (0.74) 7.7 (0.43) 19.9 (0.67) 12.6 (0.35) 4.4 (0.23) 15.7 (0.39)

Married ................................ 100.0 81.9 (0.34) 3.6 (0.16) 14.6 (0.31) 15.7 (0.24) 4.3 (0.20) 18.3 (0.24)

Cohabiting .............................. 100.0 59.9 (1.28) 7.6 (0.66) 32.5 (1.22) 15.0 (0.43) 4.2 (0.36) 17.4 (0.45)

Divorced or separated ....................... 100.0 63.9 (0.79) 6.2 (0.42) 29.9 (0.78) 18.1 (0.38) 5.4 (0.35) 20.7 (0.40)

Widowed ............................... 100.0 83.2 (1.19) 2.0 (0.44) 14.7 (1.13) 17.8 (0.86) 7.4 (2.12) 19.0 (0.87)

Geographic region:

Northeast ............................... 100.0 79.1 (0.75) 4.8 (0.41) 16.0 (0.63) 14.5 (0.37) 4.5 (0.38) 17.4 (0.37)

Midwest ................................ 100.0 73.9 (0.69) 5.3 (0.31) 20.8 (0.68) 15.8 (0.28) 5.1 (0.30) 18.4 (0.32)

South ................................. 100.0 75.4 (0.51) 4.7 (0.22) 19.9 (0.49) 16.1 (0.33) 4.4 (0.19) 18.7 (0.33)

West .................................. 100.0 79.6 (0.64) 5.3 (0.33) 15.1 (0.53) 12.7 (0.35) 3.9 (0.22) 15.7 (0.38)

Women

Ages 18 years and over (crude)3 .................. 100.0 82.2 (0.24) 3.5 (0.10) 14.4 (0.23) 13.1 (0.13) 4.3 (0.12) 15.1 (0.14)

Ages 18 years and over (age-adjusted)3,4 ............ 100.0 82.0 (0.24) 3.5 (0.11) 14.4 (0.23) 13.1 (0.15) 4.4 (0.13) 15.1 (0.15)

Age:

18–24 years ............................. 100.0 80.3 (0.80) 5.3 (0.45) 14.4 (0.73) 9.7 (0.31) 3.4 (0.21) 12.0 (0.31)

25–44 years ............................. 100.0 79.3 (0.41) 4.1 (0.18) 16.6 (0.38) 12.8 (0.19) 4.2 (0.18) 14.8 (0.21)

45–64 years ............................. 100.0 80.8 (0.40) 3.2 (0.18) 16.0 (0.38) 14.5 (0.21) 4.9 (0.23) 16.3 (0.22)

65–74 years ............................. 100.0 88.7 (0.57) 1.8 (0.23) 9.5 (0.53) 14.4 (0.60) 5.0 (0.58) 16.1 (0.67)

75 years and over.......................... 100.0 95.2 (0.37) 0.8 (0.14) 4.0 (0.35) 13.5 (0.73) 3.8 (0.55) 15.0 (0.79)

Race:

White, single race .......................... 100.0 81.6 (0.27) 3.4 (0.12) 15.0 (0.26) 13.7 (0.15) 4.3 (0.14) 15.7 (0.16)

Black or African American, single race ............. 100.0 82.7 (0.56) 3.8 (0.27) 13.5 (0.50) 9.7 (0.20) 4.7 (0.32) 11.1 (0.23)

American Indian or Alaska Native, single race ........ 100.0 74.3 (3.06) 11.9 (2.58) 13.8 (2.16) 7.9 (1.02) 3.0 (0.47) 11.5 (1.38)

Asian, single race .......................... 100.0 95.0 (0.56) 1.2 (0.26) 3.8 (0.51) 10.0 (0.82) 3.2 (0.53) 12.0 (0.86)

Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander, single race.... 100.0 95.0 (2.64) – † *9.3 (3.45) – *9.3 (3.45)

Two or more races ......................... 100.0 73.8 (2.39) 4.0 (0.97) 22.3 (2.21) 11.1 (0.68) 4.4 (0.95) 12.3 (0.70)

Black or African American, white ............... 100.0 80.2 (4.13) *3.7 (1.84) 16.1 (3.86) 8.9 (1.29) *7.0 (2.54) 9.3 (1.48)

American Indian or Alaska Native, white........... 100.0 68.9 (3.64) *5.1 (1.83) 26.0 (3.43) 12.4 (1.09) 3.4 (0.75) 14.2 (1.08)

See footnotes at end of table.
Page 96 [ Series 10, No. 245

Table VIII. Crude percent distributions (with standard errors) of current cigarette smoking status for adults 18 years of age and over, and

crude mean number (with standard errors) of cigarettes on days smoked among current smokers 18 years of age and over, by selected

characteristics: United States, average annual, 2005–2007—Con.

Current cigarette smoking status1 Number of cigarettes on days smoked2

Non- Nondaily Daily All current Nondaily Daily

Selected characteristic Total smoker smoker smoker smokers smokers smokers

Women—Con. Percent distribution (standard error) Mean (standard error)

Hispanic or Latino origin and race:

Hispanic or Latino .......................... 100.0 90.2 (0.42) 3.5 (0.28) 6.3 (0.32) 7.4 (0.29) 3.1 (0.22) 9.6 (0.37)

Mexican or Mexican American ................. 100.0 91.5 (0.52) 3.5 (0.35) 5.1 (0.38) 6.5 (0.39) 2.8 (0.25) 8.9 (0.56)

Not Hispanic or Latino ....................... 100.0 81.1 (0.27) 3.4 (0.11) 15.5 (0.26) 13.5 (0.14) 4.5 (0.13) 15.4 (0.14)

White, single race ........................ 100.0 80.2 (0.31) 3.4 (0.13) 16.4 (0.30) 14.2 (0.16) 4.5 (0.15) 16.1 (0.16)

Black or African American, single race ............ 100.0 82.6 (0.57) 3.8 (0.27) 13.6 (0.51) 9.7 (0.20) 4.7 (0.33) 11.1 (0.24)

Education:

Less than high school graduate ................. 100.0 77.7 (0.63) 3.0 (0.24) 19.2 (0.61) 14.2 (0.30) 4.6 (0.39) 15.6 (0.31)

GED diploma5 ............................ 100.0 60.3 (1.86) 4.0 (0.61) 35.7 (1.83) 16.8 (0.53) 4.2 (0.55) 18.1 (0.53)

High school graduate ........................ 100.0 79.3 (0.49) 3.3 (0.20) 17.4 (0.47) 13.8 (0.22) 4.4 (0.24) 15.5 (0.22)

Some college—no degree ..................... 100.0 80.1 (0.55) 4.3 (0.28) 15.7 (0.51) 12.3 (0.27) 4.1 (0.22) 14.4 (0.29)

Associate of arts degree ...................... 100.0 82.1 (0.68) 4.0 (0.37) 13.9 (0.61) 11.6 (0.35) 4.6 (0.34) 13.6 (0.39)

Bachelor of arts, science degree ................. 100.0 90.7 (0.41) 3.4 (0.25) 5.8 (0.33) 10.0 (0.34) 4.1 (0.30) 13.3 (0.39)

Masters, doctorate, medical degree ............... 100.0 93.6 (0.44) 2.4 (0.28) 4.0 (0.35) 11.2 (0.76) 4.3 (0.42) 15.0 (0.94)

Poverty status:6

Below poverty level ......................... 100.0 74.4 (0.75) 4.4 (0.28) 21.2 (0.71) 12.8 (0.27) 4.1 (0.25) 14.5 (0.28)

≥1 and <2 times poverty level .................. 100.0 79.7 (0.53) 3.4 (0.24) 16.9 (0.50) 14.0 (0.31) 4.2 (0.28) 15.8 (0.32)

≥2 and <4 times poverty level .................. 100.0 81.7 (0.44) 3.4 (0.20) 14.9 (0.42) 13.5 (0.26) 4.4 (0.23) 15.4 (0.26)

4 times poverty level or more ................... 100.0 87.0 (0.35) 3.2 (0.19) 9.9 (0.32) 12.0 (0.27) 4.5 (0.22) 14.3 (0.28)

Marital status:

Never married ............................ 100.0 80.3 (0.61) 5.3 (0.32) 14.4 (0.55) 10.6 (0.24) 4.1 (0.21) 12.9 (0.26)

Married ................................ 100.0 85.5 (0.29) 2.6 (0.13) 11.8 (0.27) 13.7 (0.22) 4.4 (0.20) 15.7 (0.23)

Cohabiting .............................. 100.0 64.0 (1.30) 6.0 (0.63) 30.0 (1.26) 13.1 (0.39) 3.5 (0.31) 14.9 (0.40)

Divorced or separated ....................... 100.0 73.4 (0.65) 4.5 (0.28) 22.2 (0.64) 13.7 (0.24) 4.7 (0.27) 15.5 (0.24)

Widowed ............................... 100.0 88.2 (0.51) 1.9 (0.21) 9.9 (0.47) 14.2 (0.40) 4.9 (0.55) 15.7 (0.43)

Geographic region:

Northeast ............................... 100.0 82.8 (0.53) 3.4 (0.24) 13.8 (0.51) 13.2 (0.33) 4.7 (0.32) 15.2 (0.33)

Midwest ................................ 100.0 79.1 (0.56) 4.1 (0.23) 16.8 (0.54) 13.4 (0.25) 4.6 (0.25) 15.4 (0.26)

South ................................. 100.0 81.5 (0.39) 3.0 (0.16) 15.5 (0.37) 13.7 (0.23) 4.1 (0.18) 15.5 (0.23)

West .................................. 100.0 86.5 (0.44) 3.5 (0.24) 10.1 (0.42) 10.9 (0.28) 3.9 (0.25) 13.2 (0.31)

† Estimates with a relative standard error greater than 50% are indicated with a dagger, but are not shown.
 

* Estimates preceded by an asterisk have a relative standard error of greater than 30% and less than or equal to 50%. These should be interpreted with caution as they do not meet the standard of
 

reliability or precision.
 

– Quantity zero.
 

1

Current cigarette smoking status: Nonsmoker—never smokers and former smokers; daily smokers—currently smoked everyday; nondaily smokers—currently smoked some days, regardless of number
 

of days they smoked.
 

2

Estimates reflect usual cigarette consumption on days smoked and do not reflect average consumption over a period of time such as a week or a month.
 

3

Persons of other races and unknown race and ethnicity, unknown education, unknown poverty status, and unknown marital status are included in the total.
 

4

Estimates are age adjusted using the projected 2000 U.S. population as the standard population and using three age groups: 18–44 years, 45–64 years, and 65 years and over.
 

5

GED is General Educational Development high school equivalency diploma.
 

6

Poverty status is based on family income and family size using the U.S. Census Bureau poverty thresholds for 2004, 2005, and 2006.
 

NOTES: For age-adjusted percent distributions, refer to Table 4.2. Denominator for each percent distribution excludes persons with unknown current smoking status. Denominators for mean number of

cigarettes on days smoked exclude smokers (daily and nondaily) with unknown number of cigarettes on days smoked and nondaily smokers who did not smoke in the past 30 days. See Appendix II for

definitions of terms. See Appendix III for health behavior questions.

DATA SOURCE: National Health Interview Survey, 2005–2007. Estimates are based on household interviews of a sample of the civilian noninstitutionalized population.
Series 10, No. 245 [ Page 97

Table IX. Crude percent distributions (with standard errors) of usual number of cigarettes on days smoked among all current cigarette

smokers 18 years of age and over, by selected characteristics: United States, average annual, 2005–2007

Usual number of cigarettes on days smoked among all current smokers1

Less 35 or

Selected characteristic Total than 15 15–24 25–34 more

Both sexes Percent distribution (standard error)

Ages 18 years and over (crude)2 .................. 100.0 53.1 (0.56) 35.3 (0.49) 6.7 (0.27) 4.8 (0.24)

Ages 18 years and over (age-adjusted)2,3 ............ 100.0 52.9 (0.58) 35.3 (0.51) 6.8 (0.28) 5.1 (0.27)

Age:

18–24 years ............................. 100.0 71.2 (1.46) 23.8 (1.33) 3.5 (0.59) *1.4 (0.69)

25–44 years ............................. 100.0 54.4 (0.77) 35.8 (0.74) 6.6 (0.43) 3.2 (0.27)

45–64 years ............................. 100.0 44.8 (0.80) 39.6 (0.75) 8.1 (0.44) 7.5 (0.42)

65–74 years ............................. 100.0 46.2 (1.97) 36.1 (1.85) 8.5 (1.08) 9.2 (1.25)

75 years and over.......................... 100.0 56.5 (3.13) 34.6 (2.98) 3.8 (1.06) *5.1 (1.65)

Race:

White, single race .......................... 100.0 49.2 (0.62) 37.7 (0.56) 7.7 (0.31) 5.5 (0.28)

Black or African American, single race ............. 100.0 73.3 (1.13) 22.9 (0.99) 2.2 (0.46) 1.6 (0.29)

American Indian or Alaska Native, single race ........ 100.0 67.6 (4.72) 23.4 (4.61) *5.2 (2.04) *3.8 (1.61)

Asian, single race .......................... 100.0 72.6 (2.57) 25.0 (2.51) *1.4 (0.69) †

Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander, single race.... 100.0 70.5 (12.49) *29.5 (12.49) – –

Two or more races ......................... 100.0 62.7 (3.79) 32.1 (3.75) *3.2 (1.22) *2.0 (0.86)

Black or African American, white ............... 100.0 76.3 (7.49) *23.7 (7.49) – –

American Indian or Alaska Native, white........... 100.0 52.4 (5.40) 39.8 (5.39) *4.7 (1.93) *3.1 (1.45)

Hispanic or Latino origin and race:

Hispanic or Latino .......................... 100.0 81.7 (1.04) 15.5 (0.99) 1.8 (0.36) 1.0 (0.24)

Mexican or Mexican American ................. 100.0 84.2 (1.32) 13.5 (1.27) 1.4 (0.42) *0.8 (0.27)

Not Hispanic or Latino ....................... 100.0 50.1 (0.59) 37.4 (0.52) 7.3 (0.29) 5.2 (0.26)

White, single race ........................ 100.0 45.4 (0.66) 40.3 (0.60) 8.3 (0.34) 6.0 (0.32)

Black or African American, single race ............ 100.0 73.0 (1.16) 23.2 (1.01) 2.2 (0.47) 1.6 (0.30)

Education:

Less than high school graduate ................. 100.0 51.0 (1.19) 34.5 (1.08) 7.6 (0.67) 6.9 (0.76)

GED diploma4 ............................ 100.0 37.5 (2.10) 40.5 (2.12) 12.8 (1.56) 9.3 (1.19)

High school graduate ........................ 100.0 49.3 (0.92) 38.7 (0.86) 7.3 (0.48) 4.7 (0.38)

Some college—no degree ..................... 100.0 57.6 (1.16) 33.4 (1.08) 5.8 (0.51) 3.3 (0.36)

Associate of arts degree ...................... 100.0 54.4 (1.54) 36.7 (1.54) 4.8 (0.67) 4.1 (0.60)

Bachelor of arts, science degree ................. 100.0 65.4 (1.56) 28.9 (1.53) 3.9 (0.64) 1.8 (0.41)

Masters, doctorate, medical degree ............... 100.0 66.0 (2.71) 25.1 (2.51) 5.1 (1.33) 3.8 (1.07)

Poverty status:5

Below poverty level ......................... 100.0 56.8 (1.26) 32.4 (1.06) 5.7 (0.60) 5.1 (0.72)

≥1 and <2 times poverty level .................. 100.0 51.7 (1.12) 35.8 (1.03) 6.5 (0.56) 6.0 (0.64)

≥2 and <4 times poverty level .................. 100.0 50.6 (1.00) 37.8 (0.94) 7.4 (0.49) 4.2 (0.34)

4 times poverty level or more ................... 100.0 54.7 (1.06) 33.9 (0.97) 6.8 (0.53) 4.5 (0.40)

Marital status:

Never married ............................ 100.0 64.5 (1.14) 28.4 (1.01) 4.1 (0.45) 3.0 (0.50)

Married ................................ 100.0 49.8 (0.83) 37.4 (0.76) 7.6 (0.43) 5.2 (0.36)

Cohabiting .............................. 100.0 53.6 (1.49) 34.4 (1.42) 8.2 (0.89) 3.7 (0.53)

Divorced or separated ....................... 100.0 46.5 (1.00) 39.1 (1.02) 7.3 (0.54) 7.2 (0.58)

Widowed ............................... 100.0 48.1 (1.93) 40.0 (1.94) 6.5 (0.94) 5.3 (0.85)

Geographic region:

Northeast ............................... 100.0 53.7 (1.33) 35.8 (1.25) 6.1 (0.54) 4.4 (0.51)

Midwest ................................ 100.0 51.3 (1.06) 35.7 (0.93) 8.4 (0.59) 4.5 (0.34)

South ................................. 100.0 50.4 (0.93) 36.3 (0.80) 7.1 (0.45) 6.2 (0.49)

West .................................. 100.0 61.1 (1.28) 32.3 (1.10) 4.0 (0.51) 2.7 (0.39)

Men

Ages 18 years and over (crude)2 .................. 100.0 49.2 (0.76) 36.1 (0.67) 8.3 (0.41) 6.4 (0.38)

Ages 18 years and over (age-adjusted)2,3 ............ 100.0 48.6 (0.80) 36.1 (0.71) 8.3 (0.41) 7.0 (0.45)

Age:

18–24 years ............................. 100.0 68.6 (2.05) 24.2 (1.78) 4.8 (0.93) †

25–44 years ............................. 100.0 50.6 (1.08) 37.5 (1.05) 7.9 (0.64) 4.0 (0.40)

45–64 years ............................. 100.0 40.0 (1.13) 39.6 (1.10) 10.3 (0.69) 10.1 (0.67)

65–74 years ............................. 100.0 38.6 (2.80) 37.4 (2.61) 10.0 (1.57) 14.0 (2.14)

75 years and over.......................... 100.0 56.2 (4.86) 33.1 (4.65) *4.7 (1.88) *6.0 (3.00)

See footnotes at end of table.
Page 98 [ Series 10, No. 245

Table IX. Crude percent distributions (with standard errors) of usual number of cigarettes on days smoked among all current cigarette

smokers 18 years of age and over, by selected characteristics: United States, average annual, 2005–2007—Con.

Usual number of cigarettes on days smoked among all current smokers1

Less 35 or

Selected characteristic Total than 15 15–24 25–34 more

Men—Con. Percent distribution (standard error)

Race:

White, single race .......................... 100.0 44.9 (0.84) 38.4 (0.76) 9.4 (0.48) 7.3 (0.46)

Black or African American, single race ............. 100.0 70.1 (1.79) 24.7 (1.53) 2.9 (0.79) 2.3 (0.49)

American Indian or Alaska Native, single race ........ 100.0 55.9 (7.01) 31.2 (6.91) *7.5 (3.39) *5.4 (2.52)

Asian, single race .......................... 100.0 73.2 (2.90) 23.7 (2.79) *1.8 (0.89) †

Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander, single race.... 100.0 70.0 (14.26) *30.0 (14.26) – –

Two or more races ......................... 100.0 57.9 (5.66) 32.7 (5.60) *6.6 (2.41) †

Black or African American, white ............... 100.0 71.6 (13.88) *28.4 (13.88) – –

American Indian or Alaska Native, white........... 100.0 46.4 (7.88) 40.2 (7.82) *8.8 (3.55) †

Hispanic or Latino origin and race:

Hispanic or Latino .......................... 100.0 80.3 (1.34) 16.4 (1.27) 2.1 (0.50) 1.2 (0.29)

Mexican or Mexican American ................. 100.0 82.7 (1.66) 14.8 (1.61) *1.6 (0.53) *0.9 (0.33)

Not Hispanic or Latino ....................... 100.0 45.1 (0.82) 38.7 (0.74) 9.1 (0.45) 7.1 (0.43)

White, single race ........................ 100.0 39.5 (0.91) 41.8 (0.83) 10.5 (0.54) 8.2 (0.53)

Black or African American, single race ............ 100.0 69.7 (1.83) 25.1 (1.56) 2.9 (0.80) 2.3 (0.50)

Education:

Less than high school graduate ................. 100.0 47.8 (1.64) 34.5 (1.52) 8.7 (0.99) 9.0 (1.20)

GED diploma4 ............................ 100.0 35.7 (2.94) 37.7 (2.85) 15.0 (2.30) 11.5 (1.81)

High school graduate ........................ 100.0 46.1 (1.26) 39.2 (1.19) 8.8 (0.73) 5.9 (0.57)

Some college—no degree ..................... 100.0 53.2 (1.66) 34.6 (1.52) 7.7 (0.82) 4.4 (0.60)

Associate of arts degree ...................... 100.0 45.5 (2.29) 40.9 (2.32) 7.0 (1.13) 6.5 (1.04)

Bachelor of arts, science degree ................. 100.0 63.0 (2.17) 29.0 (2.12) 5.3 (1.04) 2.7 (0.70)

Masters, doctorate, medical degree ............... 100.0 62.0 (3.93) 29.8 (3.83) *3.5 (1.44) *4.7 (1.65)

Poverty status:5

Below poverty level ......................... 100.0 52.3 (1.95) 33.2 (1.67) 7.0 (0.96) 7.5 (1.41)

≥1 and <2 times poverty level .................. 100.0 49.9 (1.61) 34.9 (1.41) 7.3 (0.85) 7.9 (1.02)

≥2 and <4 times poverty level .................. 100.0 47.1 (1.27) 38.5 (1.24) 9.3 (0.79) 5.0 (0.52)

4 times poverty level or more ................... 100.0 49.5 (1.43) 35.7 (1.29) 8.5 (0.74) 6.3 (0.62)

Marital status:

Never married ............................ 100.0 60.8 (1.58) 30.5 (1.37) 4.7 (0.63) 4.1 (0.78)

Married ................................ 100.0 46.3 (1.10) 38.0 (1.05) 9.2 (0.63) 6.5 (0.54)

Cohabiting .............................. 100.0 48.7 (2.24) 35.9 (2.23) 11.1 (1.42) 4.3 (0.79)

Divorced or separated ....................... 100.0 38.7 (1.38) 39.6 (1.45) 10.1 (0.94) 11.6 (1.04)

Widowed ............................... 100.0 36.8 (3.66) 44.6 (3.89) 8.1 (1.98) 10.4 (2.34)

Geographic region:

Northeast ............................... 100.0 51.7 (1.91) 35.1 (1.82) 7.3 (0.87) 5.9 (0.80)

Midwest ................................ 100.0 46.7 (1.45) 36.6 (1.25) 10.7 (0.90) 6.0 (0.55)

South ................................. 100.0 45.9 (1.25) 37.3 (1.10) 8.5 (0.68) 8.2 (0.80)

West .................................. 100.0 57.5 (1.68) 33.7 (1.52) 5.2 (0.74) 3.6 (0.58)

Women

Ages 18 years and over (crude)2 .................. 100.0 57.8 (0.74) 34.4 (0.68) 4.9 (0.32) 2.9 (0.22)

Ages 18 years and over (age-adjusted)2,3 ............ 100.0 57.8 (0.75) 34.3 (0.68) 4.9 (0.33) 3.0 (0.24)

Age:

18–24 years ............................. 100.0 74.7 (1.99) 23.3 (1.99) *1.8 (0.60) †

25–44 years ............................. 100.0 59.1 (1.12) 33.6 (1.05) 5.0 (0.53) 2.3 (0.33)

45–64 years ............................. 100.0 50.4 (1.17) 39.5 (1.14) 5.6 (0.51) 4.5 (0.44)

65–74 years ............................. 100.0 54.1 (2.57) 34.8 (2.46) 7.0 (1.37) 4.1 (1.12)

75 years and over.......................... 100.0 56.8 (3.95) 35.7 (3.80) *3.0 (1.18) *4.4 (1.81)

Race:

White, single race .......................... 100.0 54.3 (0.84) 36.8 (0.78) 5.6 (0.37) 3.3 (0.26)

Black or African American, single race ............. 100.0 77.1 (1.36) 20.7 (1.36) 1.3 (0.32) 0.8 (0.25)

American Indian or Alaska Native, single race ........ 100.0 82.3 (4.59) 13.6 (4.05) † †

Asian, single race .......................... 100.0 70.5 (5.83) 29.5 (5.83) – –

Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander, single race.... 100.0 *73.5 (23.12) † – –

Two or more races ......................... 100.0 67.2 (4.53) 31.5 (4.44) – †

Black or African American, white ................ 100.0 79.5 (8.39) *20. (8.39) – –

American Indian or Alaska Native, white ........... 100.0 59.1 (6.87) 39.4 (6.66) – †

See footnotes at end of table.
Series 10, No. 245 [ Page 99

Table IX. Crude percent distributions (with standard errors) of usual number of cigarettes on days smoked among all current cigarette

smokers 18 years of age and over, by selected characteristics: United States, average annual, 2005–2007—Con.

Usual number of cigarettes on days smoked among all current smokers1

Less 35 or

Selected characteristic Total than 15 15–24 25–34 more

Women—Con. Percent distribution (standard error)

Hispanic or Latino origin and race:

Hispanic or Latino .......................... 100.0 84.7 (1.59) 13.5 (1.56) *1.0 (0.37) †

Mexican or Mexican American ................. 100.0 87.8 (2.03) 10.3 (1.92) † †

Not Hispanic or Latino ....................... 100.0 55.8 (0.77) 35.9 (0.72) 5.1 (0.34) 3.1 (0.23)

White, single race ........................ 100.0 52.0 (0.88) 38.6 (0.83) 5.9 (0.40) 3.5 (0.28)

Black or African American, single race ............ 100.0 77.0 (1.39) 20.8 (1.38) 1.4 (0.33) 0.9 (0.26)

Education:

Less than high school graduate ................. 100.0 55.2 (1.56) 34.5 (1.46) 6.1 (0.80) 4.2 (0.58)

GED diploma4 ............................ 100.0 39.8 (2.74) 44.1 (2.99) 9.8 (1.75) 6.3 (1.46)

High school graduate ........................ 100.0 53.3 (1.28) 38.1 (1.23) 5.5 (0.62) 3.2 (0.45)

Some college—no degree ..................... 100.0 62.2 (1.57) 32.1 (1.48) 3.6 (0.59) 2.1 (0.39)

Associate of arts degree ...................... 100.0 63.8 (2.12) 32.2 (2.05) 2.4 (0.67) *1.6 (0.58)

Bachelor of arts, science degree ................. 100.0 68.4 (2.15) 28.8 (2.09) 2.0 (0.60) *0.7 (0.32)

Masters, doctorate, medical degree ............... 100.0 70.7 (3.40) 19.5 (2.74) *6.9 (2.32) *2.8 (1.28)

Poverty status:5

Below poverty level ......................... 100.0 60.9 (1.51) 31.6 (1.40) 4.6 (0.62) 3.0 (0.52)

≥1 and <2 times poverty level .................. 100.0 53.7 (1.57) 36.9 (1.53) 5.5 (0.77) 3.8 (0.60)

≥2 and <4 times poverty level .................. 100.0 55.1 (1.47) 37.0 (1.43) 4.8 (0.62) 3.1 (0.45)

4 times poverty level or more ................... 100.0 62.1 (1.50) 31.4 (1.44) 4.5 (0.66) 2.0 (0.37)

Marital status:

Never married ............................ 100.0 70.8 (1.47) 24.9 (1.45) 3.1 (0.59) 1.2 (0.26)

Married ................................ 100.0 54.1 (1.22) 36.7 (1.15) 5.6 (0.57) 3.5 (0.40)

Cohabiting .............................. 100.0 59.6 (2.23) 32.7 (2.02) 4.7 (0.97) 3.0 (0.66)

Divorced or separated ....................... 100.0 53.7 (1.41) 38.6 (1.37) 4.6 (0.61) 3.1 (0.45)

Widowed ............................... 100.0 52.1 (2.28) 38.4 (2.23) 6.0 (1.07) 3.5 (0.75)

Geographic region:

Northeast ............................... 100.0 55.9 (1.70) 36.5 (1.64) 4.7 (0.69) 2.9 (0.55)

Midwest ................................ 100.0 56.8 (1.42) 34.7 (1.30) 5.7 (0.71) 2.7 (0.39)

South ................................. 100.0 55.8 (1.22) 35.0 (1.10) 5.4 (0.53) 3.8 (0.41)

West .................................. 100.0 66.4 (1.73) 30.1 (1.64) 2.2 (0.47) 1.3 (0.32)

* Estimates preceded by an asterisk have a relative standard error of greater than 30% and less than or equal to 50%. These should be interpreted with caution as they do not meet the standard of

reliability or precision.

† Estimates with a relative standard error greater than 50% are indicated with a dagger, but are not shown.

– Quantity zero.

1

Usual number of cigarettes on days smoked includes the usual cigarette consumption of daily and nondaily smokers combined. Estimates for nondaily smokers reflect number of cigarettes smoked
 

only on the days that they smoked and are limited to those who smoked at least once in the past 30 days.
 

2

Persons of other races and unknown race and ethnicity, unknown education, unknown poverty status, and unknown marital status are included in the total.
 

3

Estimates are age adjusted using the projected 2000 U.S. population as the standard population and using three age groups: 18–44 years, 45–64 years, and 65 years and over.
 

4

GED is General Educational Development high school equivalency diploma.
 

5

Poverty status is based on family income and family size using the U.S. Census Bureau poverty thresholds for 2004, 2005, and 2006.
 

NOTES: For age-adjusted percent distributions, refer to Table 4.3. Denominator for each percent distribution excludes smokers with unknown number of cigarettes on days smoked. See Appendix II for
 

definitions of terms. See Appendix III for health behavior questions.
 

DATA SOURCE: National Health Interview Survey, 2005–2007. Estimates are based on household interviews of a sample of the civilian noninstitutionalized population.
 
Page 100 [ Series 10, No. 245

Table X. Crude percent distributions (with standard errors) of age of smoking initiation among current cigarette smokers 18 years of age

and over: United States, average annual, 2005–2007

Age first smoked fairly regularly1

Less than 16–17 18–20 21 years

Selected characteristic Total 16 years years years and over

Both sexes Percent distribution (standard error)

Ages 18 years and over (crude)2 .................. 100.0 31.9 (0.50) 25.3 (0.43) 26.4 (0.45) 16.5 (0.36)

Ages 18 years and over (age-adjusted)2,3 ............ 100.0 31.8 (0.50) 24.8 (0.43) 26.3 (0.46) 17.1 (0.39)

Age:

18–24 years ............................. 100.0 35.7 (1.48) 34.0 (1.52) 26.9 (1.36) 3.3 (0.56)

25–44 years ............................. 100.0 32.6 (0.73) 25.5 (0.71) 25.6 (0.66) 16.2 (0.57)

45–64 years ............................. 100.0 29.6 (0.80) 22.4 (0.66) 27.1 (0.72) 20.9 (0.65)

65–74 years ............................. 100.0 31.8 (1.79) 20.0 (1.55) 25.5 (1.66) 22.7 (1.66)

75 years and over.......................... 100.0 26.2 (2.87) 20.5 (2.68) 28.1 (2.75) 25.2 (2.55)

Race:

White, single race .......................... 100.0 33.2 (0.55) 25.8 (0.48) 25.8 (0.49) 15.2 (0.39)

Black or African American, single race ............. 100.0 23.1 (1.01) 22.9 (1.06) 29.9 (1.24) 24.1 (1.02)

American Indian or Alaska Native, single race ........ 100.0 43.9 (5.21) 23.4 (3.95) 21.4 (3.54) 11.4 (2.52)

Asian, single race .......................... 100.0 17.6 (2.26) 21.9 (2.87) 33.8 (2.76) 26.7 (2.91)

Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander, single race.... 100.0 † *36.5 (15.11) *34.5 (15.40) †

Two or more races ......................... 100.0 41.2 (3.55) 23.0 (3.10) 22.8 (3.41) 13.1 (2.43)

Black or African American, white ............... 100.0 34.3 (8.77) *20.6 (8.77) *30.5 (9.35) †

American Indian or Alaska Native, white........... 100.0 47.8 (5.03) 19.1 (3.57) 18.8 (4.79) 14.3 (3.69)

Hispanic or Latino origin and race:

Hispanic or Latino .......................... 100.0 29.1 (1.30) 24.2 (1.25) 27.5 (1.27) 19.3 (1.10)

Mexican or Mexican American ................. 100.0 31.8 (1.71) 23.8 (1.61) 25.0 (1.57) 19.4 (1.46)

Not Hispanic or Latino ....................... 100.0 32.1 (0.52) 25.4 (0.45) 26.2 (0.48) 16.2 (0.38)

White, single race ........................ 100.0 33.7 (0.59) 26.0 (0.52) 25.5 (0.52) 14.7 (0.41)

Black or African American, single race ............ 100.0 23.1 (1.03) 22.8 (1.06) 29.7 (1.26) 24.4 (1.04)

Education:

Less than high school graduate ................. 100.0 43.7 (1.06) 26.5 (0.96) 18.7 (0.84) 11.2 (0.63)

GED diploma4 ............................ 100.0 53.0 (2.22) 24.6 (1.94) 13.3 (1.40) 9.1 (1.06)

High school graduate ........................ 100.0 28.7 (0.83) 27.6 (0.83) 27.0 (0.78) 16.7 (0.69)

Some college—no degree ..................... 100.0 28.8 (1.04) 24.8 (0.91) 29.5 (1.03) 16.9 (0.77)

Associate of arts degree ...................... 100.0 26.7 (1.36) 22.0 (1.23) 31.4 (1.51) 19.8 (1.21)

Bachelor of arts, science degree ................. 100.0 17.2 (1.29) 21.5 (1.49) 36.2 (1.60) 25.1 (1.44)

Masters, doctorate, medical degree ............... 100.0 16.0 (2.04) 21.6 (2.35) 34.8 (2.55) 27.7 (2.33)

Poverty status:5

Below poverty level ......................... 100.0 41.1 (1.18) 23.2 (0.98) 20.6 (0.92) 15.1 (0.81)

≥1 and <2 times poverty level .................. 100.0 35.8 (1.15) 25.0 (1.01) 24.2 (0.91) 15.1 (0.83)

≥2 and <4 times poverty level .................. 100.0 31.0 (0.89) 25.8 (0.93) 26.8 (0.88) 16.4 (0.67)

4 times poverty level or more ................... 100.0 24.5 (0.90) 26.2 (1.00) 30.9 (0.97) 18.5 (0.77)

Marital status:

Never married ............................ 100.0 30.8 (0.99) 28.6 (1.01) 28.1 (0.97) 12.6 (0.65)

Married ................................ 100.0 30.7 (0.75) 24.9 (0.67) 27.5 (0.70) 16.9 (0.55)

Cohabiting .............................. 100.0 38.9 (1.56) 26.0 (1.36) 21.8 (1.25) 13.3 (1.02)

Divorced or separated ....................... 100.0 32.9 (0.99) 22.8 (0.84) 23.5 (0.91) 20.7 (0.80)

Widowed ............................... 100.0 26.8 (1.73) 18.5 (1.47) 27.8 (1.71) 26.9 (1.68)

Geographic region:

Northeast ............................... 100.0 31.4 (1.15) 25.3 (0.98) 27.4 (1.06) 15.9 (0.91)

Midwest ................................ 100.0 31.0 (1.00) 25.8 (0.88) 28.5 (0.90) 14.7 (0.67)

South ................................. 100.0 32.2 (0.81) 25.8 (0.68) 24.7 (0.72) 17.2 (0.57)

West .................................. 100.0 32.8 (1.11) 23.3 (0.96) 25.6 (1.03) 18.3 (0.89)

Men

Ages 18 years and over (crude)2 .................. 100.0 33.7 (0.69) 25.4 (0.60) 26.0 (0.62) 14.9 (0.49)

Ages 18 years and over (age-adjusted)2,3 ............ 100.0 35.1 (0.71) 24.8 (0.61) 25.7 (0.65) 14.5 (0.49)

Age:

18–24 years ............................. 100.0 34.6 (2.01) 34.8 (2.17) 27.0 (1.89) 3.6 (0.77)

25–44 years ............................. 100.0 31.7 (1.04) 24.9 (0.95) 26.1 (0.92) 17.3 (0.83)

45–64 years ............................. 100.0 33.8 (1.12) 23.1 (0.96) 25.8 (0.97) 17.3 (0.85)

65–74 years ............................. 100.0 45.9 (2.74) 18.9 (2.22) 24.1 (2.31) 11.1 (1.70)

75 years and over.......................... 100.0 43.4 (4.91) 19.4 (3.79) 21.1 (3.92) 16.1 (3.34)

See footnotes at end of table.
Series 10, No. 245 [ Page 101

Table X. Crude percent distributions (with standard errors) of age of smoking initiation among current cigarette smokers 18 years of age

and over: United States, average annual, 2005–2007—Con.

Age first smoked fairly regularly1

Less than 16–17 18–20 21 years

Selected characteristic Total 16 years years years and over

Men—Con. Percent distribution (standard error)

Race:

White, single race .......................... 100.0 35.6 (0.76) 25.8 (0.68) 25.1 (0.68) 13.5 (0.53)

Black or African American, single race ............. 100.0 24.7 (1.57) 23.9 (1.56) 29.9 (1.87) 21.6 (1.46)

American Indian or Alaska Native, single race ........ 100.0 51.2 (7.22) 19.5 (5.19) 26.0 (5.45) †

Asian, single race .......................... 100.0 15.5 (2.50) 23.9 (3.15) 32.9 (3.14) 27.7 (3.28)

Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander, single race.... 100.0 † *43.5 (17.42) *36.0 (17.68) †

Two or more races ......................... 100.0 38.9 (5.63) 22.0 (5.12) 25.3 (5.64) 13.8 (3.82)

Black or African American, white ............... 100.0 *21.6 (10.75) † *35.6 (17.46) †

American Indian or Alaska Native, white........... 100.0 44.7 (7.65) *17.3 (5.45) *24.4 (7.87) *13.6 (5.20)

Hispanic or Latino origin and race:

Hispanic or Latino .......................... 100.0 30.2 (1.65) 24.4 (1.55) 27.5 (1.55) 17.9 (1.38)

Mexican or Mexican American ................. 100.0 33.0 (2.07) 24.4 (1.91) 24.8 (1.82) 17.8 (1.77)

Not Hispanic or Latino ....................... 100.0 34.2 (0.74) 25.6 (0.65) 25.8 (0.67) 14.5 (0.52)

White, single race ........................ 100.0 36.3 (0.83) 26.1 (0.75) 24.7 (0.74) 12.8 (0.56)

Black or African American, single race ............ 100.0 24.5 (1.59) 24.2 (1.58) 29.7 (1.90) 21.7 (1.48)

Education:

Less than high school graduate ................. 100.0 46.3 (1.56) 27.3 (1.38) 17.1 (1.10) 9.3 (0.79)

GED diploma4 ............................ 100.0 53.7 (2.98) 26.7 (2.87) 12.3 (1.82) 7.4 (1.26)

High school graduate ........................ 100.0 29.3 (1.10) 27.3 (1.11) 28.3 (1.11) 15.2 (0.94)

Some college—no degree ..................... 100.0 30.3 (1.60) 23.8 (1.31) 30.6 (1.52) 15.3 (1.08)

Associate of arts degree ...................... 100.0 29.3 (2.05) 21.9 (1.70) 29.2 (2.11) 19.6 (1.67)

Bachelor of arts, science degree ................. 100.0 18.9 (1.91) 22.3 (2.21) 35.5 (2.16) 23.3 (2.00)

Masters, doctorate, medical degree ............... 100.0 21.9 (3.31) 21.0 (3.56) 29.0 (3.44) 28.1 (3.34)

Poverty status:5

Below poverty level ......................... 100.0 42.6 (1.86) 24.3 (1.75) 20.1 (1.40) 13.0 (1.19)

≥1 and <2 times poverty level .................. 100.0 38.0 (1.81) 24.2 (1.59) 24.7 (1.26) 13.1 (1.06)

≥2 and <4 times poverty level .................. 100.0 33.2 (1.21) 26.2 (1.23) 25.9 (1.22) 14.7 (0.86)

4 times poverty level or more ................... 100.0 27.3 (1.29) 26.0 (1.25) 29.6 (1.25) 17.1 (0.99)

Marital status:

Never married ............................ 100.0 31.0 (1.34) 28.7 (1.39) 28.1 (1.31) 12.2 (0.88)

Married ................................ 100.0 32.8 (1.03) 24.2 (0.88) 27.5 (0.96) 15.6 (0.74)

Cohabiting .............................. 100.0 38.5 (2.17) 26.6 (1.92) 21.3 (1.99) 13.6 (1.41)

Divorced or separated ....................... 100.0 36.6 (1.41) 23.6 (1.27) 21.4 (1.19) 18.4 (1.07)

Widowed ............................... 100.0 44.2 (3.81) 16.9 (2.88) 22.9 (3.35) 16.0 (2.83)

Geographic region:

Northeast ............................... 100.0 32.8 (1.67) 24.7 (1.45) 27.4 (1.68) 15.0 (1.38)

Midwest ................................ 100.0 33.2 (1.37) 26.0 (1.24) 27.8 (1.29) 13.0 (0.87)

South ................................. 100.0 33.8 (1.08) 26.2 (0.97) 25.1 (0.98) 14.9 (0.76)

West .................................. 100.0 35.1 (1.59) 23.6 (1.31) 24.1 (1.25) 17.1 (1.20)

Women

Ages 18 years and over (crude)2 .................. 100.0 29.6 (0.66) 25.1 (0.61) 26.8 (0.62) 18.5 (0.52)

Ages 18 years and over (age-adjusted)2,3 ............ 100.0 28.5 (0.64) 24.9 (0.62) 26.9 (0.63) 19.7 (0.56)

Age:

18–24 years ............................. 100.0 37.3 (2.03) 32.9 (2.05) 26.8 (2.04) 3.1 (0.78)

25–44 years ............................. 100.0 33.8 (1.00) 26.3 (0.97) 24.9 (0.92) 14.9 (0.72)

45–64 years ............................. 100.0 24.7 (1.07) 21.6 (0.93) 28.6 (1.11) 25.2 (0.96)

65–74 years ............................. 100.0 17.1 (1.96) 21.2 (2.10) 27.1 (2.14) 34.7 (2.63)

75 years and over.......................... 100.0 13.3 (2.69) 21.2 (3.75) 33.4 (3.86) 32.1 (3.58)

Race:

White, single race .......................... 100.0 30.5 (0.74) 25.8 (0.70) 26.5 (0.70) 17.2 (0.57)

Black or African American, single race ............. 100.0 21.3 (1.26) 21.6 (1.33) 29.8 (1.52) 27.3 (1.45)

American Indian or Alaska Native, single race ........ 100.0 35.3 (7.02) 28.0 (6.36) 15.9 (4.08) 20.8 (4.83)

Asian, single race .......................... 100.0 24.9 (5.03) *14.9 (5.06) 37.2 (5.71) 23.0 (4.66)

Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander, single race.... 100.0 † – † †

Two or more races ......................... 100.0 43.3 (4.77) 23.8 (3.98) 20.5 (3.86) 12.4 (2.95)

Black or African American, white ............... 100.0 42.2 (11.75) † *27.3 (10.25) †

American Indian or Alaska Native, white........... 100.0 51.2 (7.22) 20.9 (5.56) *13.0 (5.25) *15.0 (4.71)

See footnotes at end of table.
Page 102 [ Series 10, No. 245

Table X. Crude percent distributions (with standard errors) of age of smoking initiation among current cigarette smokers 18 years of age

and over: United States, average annual, 2005–2007—Con.

Age first smoked fairly regularly1

Less than 16–17 18–20 21 years

Selected characteristic Total 16 years years years and over

Women—Con. Percent distribution (standard error)

Hispanic or Latino origin and race:

Hispanic or Latino .......................... 100.0 26.8 (2.05) 23.6 (2.10) 27.5 (2.15) 22.1 (1.74)

Mexican or Mexican American ................. 100.0 28.8 (3.08) 22.3 (2.85) 25.5 (2.96) 23.4 (2.42)

Not Hispanic or Latino ....................... 100.0 29.8 (0.69) 25.2 (0.65) 26.8 (0.65) 18.2 (0.55)

White, single race ........................ 100.0 30.8 (0.78) 26.0 (0.74) 26.4 (0.74) 16.8 (0.59)

Black or African American, single race ............ 100.0 21.3 (1.29) 21.1 (1.31) 29.8 (1.54) 27.8 (1.47)

Education:

Less than high school graduate ................. 100.0 40.2 (1.51) 25.3 (1.34) 20.7 (1.23) 13.7 (1.03)

GED diploma4 ............................ 100.0 52.1 (3.05) 21.6 (2.26) 14.8 (2.12) 11.5 (1.82)

High school graduate ........................ 100.0 28.0 (1.28) 28.0 (1.28) 25.4 (1.11) 18.6 (1.02)

Some college—no degree ..................... 100.0 27.3 (1.31) 25.8 (1.32) 28.2 (1.37) 18.7 (1.07)

Associate of arts degree ...................... 100.0 23.9 (1.74) 22.2 (1.83) 33.8 (2.16) 20.1 (1.72)

Bachelor of arts, science degree ................. 100.0 14.9 (1.52) 20.5 (1.82) 37.1 (2.29) 27.5 (2.07)

Masters, doctorate, medical degree ............... 100.0 9.2 (2.12) 22.2 (3.00) 41.4 (3.66) 27.2 (3.17)

Poverty status:5

Below poverty level ......................... 100.0 39.8 (1.45) 22.1 (1.11) 21.1 (1.18) 16.9 (1.03)

≥1 and <2 times poverty level .................. 100.0 33.2 (1.48) 25.9 (1.45) 23.5 (1.35) 17.3 (1.11)

≥2 and <4 times poverty level .................. 100.0 28.2 (1.28) 25.3 (1.26) 27.9 (1.30) 18.6 (1.01)

4 times poverty level or more ................... 100.0 20.5 (1.26) 26.4 (1.43) 32.7 (1.57) 20.4 (1.20)

Marital status:

Never married ............................ 100.0 30.3 (1.41) 28.4 (1.60) 28.1 (1.48) 13.2 (0.94)

Married ................................ 100.0 28.1 (1.07) 25.8 (1.03) 27.6 (1.03) 18.6 (0.84)

Cohabiting .............................. 100.0 39.4 (2.42) 25.3 (1.93) 22.5 (1.82) 12.8 (1.48)

Divorced or separated ....................... 100.0 29.5 (1.36) 22.1 (1.17) 25.5 (1.29) 22.9 (1.17)

Widowed ............................... 100.0 20.7 (1.87) 19.1 (1.70) 29.5 (2.05) 30.7 (2.08)

Geographic region:

Northeast ............................... 100.0 30.0 (1.62) 25.9 (1.47) 27.3 (1.30) 16.9 (1.13)

Midwest ................................ 100.0 28.4 (1.18) 25.6 (1.16) 29.3 (1.22) 16.7 (0.96)

South ................................. 100.0 30.4 (1.12) 25.3 (1.00) 24.4 (1.01) 20.0 (0.86)

West .................................. 100.0 29.4 (1.48) 22.8 (1.44) 27.8 (1.52) 20.0 (1.39)

† Estimates with a relative standard error greater than 50% are indicated with a dagger, but are not shown.
 

* Estimates preceded by an asterisk have a relative standard error of greater than 30% and less than or equal to 50%. These should be interpreted with caution as they do not meet the standard of
 

reliability or precision.
 

– Quantity zero.
 

1

Current smokers were asked at what age they first starting smoking fairly regularly. Answers were recorded in single years and combined for this table.
 

2

Persons of other races and unknown race and ethnicity, unknown education, unknown poverty status, and unknown marital status are included in the total.
 

3

Estimates are age adjusted using the projected 2000 U.S. population as the standard population and using three age groups: 18–44 years, 45–64 years, and 65 years and over.
 

4

GED is General Educational Development high school equivalency diploma.
 

5

Poverty status is based on family income and family size using the U.S. Census Bureau poverty thresholds for 2004, 2005, and 2006.
 

NOTES: For age-adjusted percent distributions, refer to Table 4.4. Denominator for each percent distribution excludes current smokers with unknown age of smoking initiation. See Appendix II for

definitions of terms. See Appendix III for health behavior questions.

DATA SOURCE: National Health Interview Survey, 2005–2007. Estimates are based on household interviews of a sample of the civilian noninstitutionalized population.
Series 10, No. 245 [ Page 103

Table XI. Crude percentages (with standard errors) of current cigarette smokers 18 years of age and over who tried to quit smoking in the

past year, by current smoking status and selected characteristics: United States, average annual, 2005–2007

All current Nondaily Daily

Selected characteristic smokers smokers smokers

Both sexes Percent who tried to quit1 (standard error)

Ages 18 years and over (crude)2 .................. 43.5 (0.53) 55.1 (1.10) 40.5 (0.57)

Ages 18 years and over (age-adjusted)2,3 ............ 42.5 (0.54) 54.6 (1.14) 39.6 (0.59)

Age:

18–24 years ............................. 52.0 (1.62) 57.2 (2.82) 49.9 (1.89)

25–44 years ............................. 45.0 (0.80) 54.7 (1.53) 42.4 (0.90)

45–64 years ............................. 40.3 (0.82) 55.1 (1.95) 37.4 (0.88)

65–74 years ............................. 34.1 (1.83) 56.8 (4.50) 29.6 (1.93)

75 years and over.......................... 29.3 (2.79) 36.8 (6.60) 27.7 (3.02)

Race:

White, single race . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42.5 (0.58) 54.5 (1.25) 39.7 (0.64)

Black or African American, single race ............. 47.3 (1.37) 58.1 (2.67) 43.8 (1.50)

American Indian or Alaska Native, single race ........ 47.0 (4.37) 55.8 (8.15) 43.1 (5.29)

Asian, single race . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49.3 (3.15) 58.3 (4.77) 46.1 (3.85)

Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander, single race.... 53.7 (15.30) † 66.3 (14.67)

Two or more races ......................... 53.2 (3.80) 54.8 (8.73) 52.8 (4.08)

Black or African American, white ............... 39.5 (9.51) † 41.7 (11.05)

American Indian or Alaska Native, white........... 51.8 (5.47) 68.1 (12.40) 48.5 (5.77)

Hispanic or Latino origin and race:

Hispanic or Latino .......................... 44.7 (1.46) 48.0 (2.37) 42.5 (1.74)

Mexican or Mexican American . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42.5 (1.88) 46.2 (2.73) 39.5 (2.34)

Not Hispanic or Latino ....................... 43.4 (0.56) 56.8 (1.25) 40.4 (0.60)

White, single race ........................ 42.5 (0.63) 56.5 (1.47) 39.6 (0.68)

Black or African American, single race ............ 47.0 (1.40) 57.7 (2.72) 43.5 (1.53)

Education:

Less than high school graduate ................. 39.7 (1.13) 53.9 (2.57) 36.8 (1.24)

GED diploma4 ............................ 38.2 (2.02) 57.0 (5.76) 36.3 (2.14)

High school graduate ........................ 41.2 (0.92) 55.1 (2.06) 38.2 (1.02)

Some college—no degree ..................... 50.0 (1.16) 59.1 (2.44) 47.3 (1.23)

Associate of arts degree ...................... 45.3 (1.53) 54.2 (3.48) 43.0 (1.71)

Bachelor of arts, science degree ................. 48.4 (1.60) 53.4 (2.69) 45.7 (2.01)

Masters, doctorate, medical degree ............... 43.4 (2.65) 48.5 (4.22) 40.7 (3.32)

Poverty status:5

Below poverty level ......................... 42.8 (1.12) 57.9 (2.37) 39.2 (1.21)

≥1 and <2 times poverty level .................. 43.0 (1.13) 55.0 (2.31) 40.3 (1.28)

≥2 and <4 times poverty level .................. 42.2 (1.07) 55.9 (2.12) 38.9 (1.20)

4 times poverty level or more ................... 45.8 (1.00) 53.3 (2.24) 43.5 (1.13)

Marital status:

Never married ............................ 46.5 (1.11) 54.2 (2.00) 43.6 (1.27)

Married ................................ 42.9 (0.76) 56.3 (1.64) 39.8 (0.84)

Cohabiting .............................. 43.5 (1.61) 49.8 (3.46) 42.1 (1.81)

Divorced or separated ....................... 42.3 (0.99) 57.4 (2.30) 39.2 (1.08)

Widowed ............................... 38.3 (1.91) 57.9 (5.10) 34.9 (1.98)

Geographic region:

Northeast ............................... 48.0 (1.27) 61.5 (2.61) 44.3 (1.42)

Midwest . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45.0 (0.95) 56.7 (2.08) 42.0 (1.07)

South ................................. 40.9 (0.88) 54.4 (1.92) 37.9 (0.92)

West . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42.9 (1.23) 49.5 (2.29) 40.6 (1.34)

Men

Ages 18 years and over (crude)2 .................. 42.4 (0.73) 51.7 (1.53) 39.8 (0.80)

Ages 18 years and over (age-adjusted)2,3 ............ 41.5 (0.78) 51.4 (1.62) 39.2 (0.85)

Age:

18–24 years ............................. 49.8 (2.17) 52.6 (3.86) 48.6 (2.56)

25–44 years ............................. 44.0 (1.07) 50.7 (2.00) 42.0 (1.24)

45–64 years ............................. 38.4 (1.16) 53.7 (2.77) 35.6 (1.24)

65–74 years ............................. 36.5 (2.87) 58.2 (6.46) 32.1 (3.10)

75 years and over.......................... 27.7 (4.36) *18.5 (6.98) 29.9 (5.06)

See footnotes at end of table.
Page 104 [ Series 10, No. 245

Table XI. Crude percentages (with standard errors) of current cigarette smokers 18 years of age and over who tried to quit smoking in the

past year, by current smoking status and selected characteristics: United States, average annual, 2005–2007—Con.

All current Nondaily Daily

Selected characteristic smokers smokers smokers

Men—Con. Percent who tried to quit1 (standard error)

Race:

White, single race . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41.1 (0.80) 50.2 (1.77) 38.8 (0.88)

Black or African American, single race ............. 46.7 (2.09) 58.0 (3.71) 42.5 (2.29)

American Indian or Alaska Native, single race ........ 50.8 (6.05) 56.5 (14.14) 49.6 (6.95)

Asian, single race . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49.0 (3.53) 57.8 (5.63) 45.8 (4.30)

Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander, single race.... *51.5 (17.53) † 66.7 (17.46)

Two or more races ......................... 53.5 (5.85) 52.5 (12.12) 53.7 (6.50)

Black or African American, white ............... † – †

American Indian or Alaska Native, white........... 55.9 (7.84) 82.6 (10.38) 50.5 (8.93)

Hispanic or Latino origin and race:

Hispanic or Latino .......................... 41.8 (1.79) 44.4 (2.81) 40.0 (2.17)

Mexican or Mexican American . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39.9 (2.23) 42.2 (3.20) 37.9 (2.83)

Not Hispanic or Latino ....................... 42.4 (0.79) 53.9 (1.80) 39.8 (0.84)

White, single race ........................ 41.2 (0.88) 52.6 (2.20) 38.9 (0.94)

Black or African American, single race ............ 46.6 (2.12) 57.4 (3.79) 42.6 (2.32)

Education:

Less than high school graduate ................. 38.9 (1.56) 48.5 (3.25) 36.5 (1.76)

GED diploma4 ............................ 39.1 (2.78) 60.9 (8.55) 37.0 (2.94)

High school graduate ........................ 40.9 (1.21) 52.3 (2.85) 38.3 (1.33)

Some college—no degree ..................... 47.5 (1.71) 57.2 (3.43) 44.3 (1.81)

Associate of arts degree ...................... 44.6 (2.12) 54.0 (4.88) 42.3 (2.41)

Bachelor of arts, science degree ................. 44.9 (2.19) 46.1 (3.83) 44.3 (2.75)

Masters, doctorate, medical degree ............... 44.3 (3.93) 44.6 (6.24) 44.1 (4.84)

Poverty status:5

Below poverty level ......................... 41.1 (1.74) 53.4 (3.45) 37.6 (1.87)

≥1 and <2 times poverty level .................. 40.0 (1.53) 48.4 (3.18) 37.9 (1.70)

≥2 and <4 times poverty level .................. 41.6 (1.37) 53.1 (2.90) 38.7 (1.50)

4 times poverty level or more ................... 45.5 (1.37) 51.7 (2.98) 43.6 (1.52)

Marital status:

Never married ............................ 44.8 (1.46) 50.8 (2.65) 42.5 (1.70)

Married ................................ 41.8 (1.06) 53.8 (2.18) 38.8 (1.17)

Cohabiting .............................. 43.6 (2.23) 49.3 (4.65) 42.2 (2.47)

Divorced or separated ....................... 40.0 (1.37) 50.0 (3.36) 37.9 (1.50)

Widowed ............................... 33.9 (3.59) 46.4 (10.57) 32.2 (3.88)

Geographic region:

Northeast ............................... 49.2 (1.82) 60.5 (3.61) 45.8 (1.94)

Midwest . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42.6 (1.36) 52.5 (2.96) 40.2 (1.58)

South ................................. 40.0 (1.22) 50.0 (2.52) 37.7 (1.30)

West . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41.1 (1.62) 47.1 (3.21) 39.0 (1.70)

Women

Ages 18 years and over (crude)2 .................. 44.9 (0.73) 59.7 (1.55) 41.4 (0.82)

Ages 18 years and over (age-adjusted)2,3 ............ 43.7 (0.72) 59.1 (1.60) 40.2 (0.81)

Age:

18–24 years ............................. 55.1 (2.18) 64.5 (3.85) 51.7 (2.59)

25–44 years ............................. 46.3 (1.12) 60.7 (2.28) 42.8 (1.25)

45–64 years ............................. 42.4 (1.14) 56.7 (2.72) 39.6 (1.25)

65–74 years ............................. 31.6 (2.24) 55.2 (6.34) 27.1 (2.27)

75 years and over.......................... 30.6 (3.72) 52.8 (8.61) 26.1 (3.94)

Race:

White, single race . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44.3 (0.81) 60.2 (1.75) 40.6 (0.92)

Black or African American, single race ............. 48.0 (1.58) 58.3 (3.61) 45.1 (1.76)

American Indian or Alaska Native, single race ........ 42.4 (6.13) 55.4 (10.25) 31.2 (7.10)

Asian, single race . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50.4 (5.98) 60.5 (9.58) 47.2 (7.08)

Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander, single race.... *65.0 (23.91) – *65.0 (23.91)

Two or more races ......................... 52.9 (4.61) 57.7 (12.70) 52.0 (5.04)

Black or African American, white ............... 57.1 (11.69) *62.4 (26.42) 55.9 (13.20)

American Indian or Alaska Native, white........... 47.2 (6.81) *51.6 (18.98) 46.3 (7.45)

See footnotes at end of table.
Series 10, No. 245 [ Page 105

Table XI. Crude percentages (with standard errors) of current cigarette smokers 18 years of age and over who tried to quit smoking in the

past year, by current smoking status and selected characteristics: United States, average annual, 2005–2007—Con.

All current Nondaily Daily

Selected characteristic smokers smokers smokers

Women—Con. Percent who tried to quit1 (standard error)

Hispanic or Latino origin and race:

Hispanic or Latino .......................... 50.7 (2.24) 57.0 (3.90) 47.2 (2.72)

Mexican or Mexican American ................. 49.3 (3.05) 57.9 (4.76) 43.4 (3.94)

Not Hispanic or Latino ....................... 44.5 (0.76) 60.1 (1.66) 41.0 (0.85)

White, single race ........................ 43.9 (0.86) 60.7 (1.90) 40.4 (0.97)

Black or African American, single race ............ 47.6 (1.59) 58.1 (3.65) 44.6 (1.78)

Education:

Less than high school graduate ................. 40.9 (1.46) 64.4 (4.01) 37.2 (1.53)

GED diploma4 ............................ 37.0 (2.85) 52.5 (7.77) 35.2 (3.06)

High school graduate ........................ 41.5 (1.39) 59.2 (3.07) 38.2 (1.51)

Some college—no degree ..................... 52.7 (1.55) 61.3 (3.21) 50.4 (1.72)

Associate of arts degree ...................... 46.0 (2.20) 54.4 (4.92) 43.7 (2.39)

Bachelor of arts, science degree ................. 53.0 (2.24) 62.3 (3.55) 47.6 (2.86)

Masters, doctorate, medical degree ............... 42.5 (3.56) 52.5 (6.05) 36.6 (4.20)

Poverty status:5

Below poverty level ......................... 44.4 (1.34) 63.2 (3.10) 40.5 (1.49)

≥1 and <2 times poverty level .................. 46.6 (1.56) 64.2 (3.27) 43.1 (1.76)

≥2 and <4 times poverty level .................. 43.0 (1.44) 59.7 (2.76) 39.2 (1.64)

4 times poverty level or more ................... 46.3 (1.47) 55.5 (2.99) 43.4 (1.69)

Marital status:

Never married ............................ 49.3 (1.57) 60.3 (2.91) 45.3 (1.89)

Married ................................ 44.3 (1.17) 59.7 (2.52) 40.9 (1.30)

Cohabiting .............................. 43.3 (2.32) 50.4 (5.36) 41.9 (2.57)

Divorced or separated ....................... 44.5 (1.37) 64.4 (2.94) 40.5 (1.50)

Widowed ............................... 39.9 (2.19) 60.9 (5.61) 35.9 (2.26)

Geographic region:

Northeast ............................... 46.6 (1.69) 62.7 (3.61) 42.8 (1.93)

Midwest ................................ 47.7 (1.41) 61.8 (2.83) 44.2 (1.75)

South ................................. 41.9 (1.14) 60.5 (2.68) 38.2 (1.20)

West .................................. 45.6 (1.86) 53.2 (3.58) 43.0 (2.03)

† Estimates with a relative standard error greater than 50% are indicated with a dagger, but are not shown.
 

* Estimates preceded by an asterisk have a relative standard error of greater than 30% and less than or equal to 50%. These should be interpreted with caution as they do not meet the standard of
 

reliability or precision.
 

– Quantity zero.
 

1

Percentage of cigarette smokers who had stopped smoking for more than one day in the past year because they were trying to quit.
 

2

Persons of other races and unknown race and ethnicity, unknown education, unknown poverty status, and unknown marital status are included in the total.
 

3

Estimates are age adjusted using the projected 2000 U.S. population as the standard population and using three age groups: 18–44 years, 45–64 years, and 65 years and over.
 

4

GED is General Educational Development high school equivalency diploma.
 

5

Poverty status is based on family income and family size using the U.S. Census Bureau poverty thresholds for 2004, 2005, and 2006.
 

NOTES: For age-adjusted percentages, refer to Table 4.5. Denominator for each percentage excludes current smokers for whom information on quit attempts was unknown. See Appendix II for
 

definitions of terms. See Appendix III for health behavior questions.
 

DATA SOURCE: National Health Interview Survey, 2005–2007. Estimates are based on household interviews of a sample of the civilian noninstitutionalized population.
 
Page 106 [ Series 10, No. 245

Table XII. Crude percent distributions (with standard errors) of leisure-time physical activity status for adults 18 years of age and over and

crude percentages (with standard errors) of adults 18 years of age and over who engaged in some but less than regular and regular

leisure-time physical activity, by selected characteristics: United States, average annual, 2005–2007

Leisure-time physical activity status1

At least some2 Some, less

Selected characteristic Total Inactive (some+regular) than regular Regular

Both sexes Percent distribution (standard error) Percent (standard error)

Ages 18 years and over (crude)3 .................. 100.00 39.7 (0.40) 60.3 (0.40) 29.7 (0.27) 30.6 (0.29)

Ages 18 years and over (age-adjusted)3,4 ............ 100.00 39.7 (0.40) 60.3 (0.40) 29.6 (0.27) 30.7 (0.29)

Age:

18–24 years ............................. 100.00 33.7 (0.79) 66.3 (0.79) 28.7 (0.67) 37.5 (0.76)

25–44 years ............................. 100.00 35.5 (0.51) 64.5 (0.51) 31.5 (0.38) 33.0 (0.40)

45–64 years ............................. 100.00 39.9 (0.50) 60.1 (0.50) 30.6 (0.39) 29.5 (0.43)

65–74 years ............................. 100.00 48.0 (0.82) 52.0 (0.82) 26.6 (0.64) 25.4 (0.67)

75 years and over.......................... 100.00 60.4 (0.80) 39.6 (0.80) 22.3 (0.62) 17.4 (0.60)

Race:

White, single race .......................... 100.00 38.3 (0.43) 61.7 (0.43) 30.0 (0.30) 31.6 (0.32)

Black or African American, single race ............. 100.00 50.3 (0.77) 49.7 (0.77) 26.0 (0.55) 23.8 (0.57)

American Indian or Alaska Native, single race ........ 100.00 38.1 (2.36) 61.9 (2.36) 34.7 (2.27) 27.2 (2.40)

Asian, single race .......................... 100.00 38.9 (1.07) 61.1 (1.07) 31.4 (1.00) 29.7 (0.97)

Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander, single race.... 100.00 42.8 (7.19) 57.2 (7.19) 25.1 (5.08) 32.0 (6.18)

Two or more races ......................... 100.00 34.9 (2.04) 65.1 (2.04) 33.7 (1.94) 31.4 (1.89)

Black or African American, white ............... 100.00 39.4 (4.72) 60.6 (4.72) 28.2 (4.25) 32.4 (4.74)

American Indian or Alaska Native, white........... 100.00 37.6 (2.93) 62.4 (2.93) 35.1 (2.97) 27.3 (2.57)

Hispanic or Latino origin and race:

Hispanic or Latino .......................... 100.00 51.7 (0.64) 48.3 (0.64) 25.0 (0.52) 23.3 (0.51)

Mexican or Mexican American ................. 100.00 51.1 (0.80) 48.9 (0.80) 25.7 (0.66) 23.2 (0.66)

Not Hispanic or Latino ....................... 100.00 37.9 (0.43) 62.1 (0.43) 30.4 (0.30) 31.7 (0.32)

White, single race ........................ 100.00 35.9 (0.47) 64.1 (0.47) 31.0 (0.34) 33.1 (0.36)

Black or African American, single race ............ 100.00 50.2 (0.79) 49.8 (0.79) 26.1 (0.57) 23.6 (0.58)

Education:

Less than high school graduate ................. 100.00 61.6 (0.63) 38.4 (0.63) 21.2 (0.51) 17.2 (0.46)

GED diploma5 ............................ 100.00 51.6 (1.42) 48.4 (1.42) 26.6 (1.16) 21.8 (1.19)

High school graduate ........................ 100.00 47.7 (0.62) 52.3 (0.62) 28.7 (0.49) 23.5 (0.43)

Some college—no degree ..................... 100.00 33.9 (0.59) 66.1 (0.59) 32.6 (0.52) 33.5 (0.55)

Associate of arts degree ...................... 100.00 32.6 (0.70) 67.4 (0.70) 33.1 (0.68) 34.4 (0.72)

Bachelor of arts, science degree ................. 100.00 24.2 (0.54) 75.8 (0.54) 32.9 (0.57) 42.9 (0.61)

Masters, doctorate, medical degree ............... 100.00 19.1 (0.61) 80.9 (0.61) 34.3 (0.72) 46.6 (0.75)

Poverty status:6

Below poverty level ......................... 100.00 55.8 (0.88) 44.2 (0.88) 23.1 (0.55) 21.1 (0.70)

≥1 and <2 times poverty level .................. 100.00 51.8 (0.64) 48.2 (0.64) 25.6 (0.52) 22.6 (0.52)

≥2 and <4 times poverty level .................. 100.00 41.1 (0.54) 58.9 (0.54) 30.3 (0.42) 28.6 (0.42)

4 times poverty level or more ................... 100.00 27.6 (0.45) 72.4 (0.45) 33.2 (0.41) 39.1 (0.41)

Marital status:

Never married ............................ 100.00 35.5 (0.64) 64.5 (0.64) 28.4 (0.51) 36.1 (0.57)

Married ................................ 100.00 38.1 (0.45) 61.9 (0.45) 31.2 (0.35) 30.7 (0.36)

Cohabiting .............................. 100.00 38.3 (0.97) 61.7 (0.97) 30.4 (0.92) 31.3 (0.90)

Divorced or separated ....................... 100.00 44.2 (0.65) 55.8 (0.65) 28.2 (0.52) 27.6 (0.52)

Widowed ............................... 100.00 60.1 (0.80) 39.9 (0.80) 23.0 (0.64) 16.9 (0.57)

Geographic region:

Northeast ............................... 100.00 37.9 (0.75) 62.1 (0.75) 30.3 (0.63) 31.9 (0.61)

Midwest ................................ 100.00 34.5 (0.92) 65.5 (0.92) 33.5 (0.61) 31.9 (0.66)

South ................................. 100.00 46.1 (0.71) 53.9 (0.71) 26.5 (0.44) 27.4 (0.48)

West .................................. 100.00 36.1 (0.69) 63.9 (0.69) 30.3 (0.53) 33.6 (0.58)

Men

Ages 18 years and over (crude)3 .................. 100.00 38.0 (0.47) 62.0 (0.47) 29.4 (0.37) 32.7 (0.38)

Ages 18 years and over (age-adjusted)3,4 ............ 100.00 38.1 (0.47) 61.9 (0.47) 29.3 (0.37) 32.6 (0.38)

Age:

18–24 years ............................. 100.00 30.8 (1.05) 69.2 (1.05) 26.9 (0.99) 42.3 (1.12)

25–44 years ............................. 100.00 34.4 (0.65) 65.6 (0.65) 31.6 (0.54) 34.0 (0.54)

45–64 years ............................. 100.00 40.2 (0.63) 59.8 (0.63) 29.5 (0.54) 30.4 (0.56)

65–74 years ............................. 100.00 45.5 (1.12) 54.5 (1.12) 26.3 (0.93) 28.2 (0.96)

75 years and over.......................... 100.00 53.1 (1.23) 46.9 (1.23) 24.4 (1.01) 22.5 (0.99)

See footnotes at end of table.
Series 10, No. 245 [ Page 107

Table XII. Crude percent distributions (with standard errors) of leisure-time physical activity status for adults 18 years of age and over and

crude percentages (with standard errors) of adults 18 years of age and over who engaged in some but less than regular and regular

leisure-time physical activity, by selected characteristics: United States, average annual, 2005–2007—Con.

Leisure-time physical activity status1

At least some2 Some, less

Selected characteristic Total Inactive (some+regular) than regular Regular

Men—Con. Percent distribution (standard error) Percent (standard error)

Race:

White, single race .......................... 100.00 37.2 (0.51) 62.8 (0.51) 29.6 (0.41) 33.2 (0.42)

Black or African American, single race ............. 100.00 45.3 (1.06) 54.7 (1.06) 25.3 (0.84) 29.5 (0.95)

American Indian or Alaska Native, single race ........ 100.00 38.6 (3.69) 61.4 (3.69) 32.6 (3.39) 28.8 (3.80)

Asian, single race .......................... 100.00 35.1 (1.42) 64.9 (1.42) 32.1 (1.43) 32.9 (1.42)

Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander, single race.... 100.00 46.9 (10.17) 53.1 (10.17) 29.8 (8.79) 23.3 (6.68)

Two or more races ......................... 100.00 34.1 (2.97) 65.9 (2.97) 34.4 (3.02) 31.6 (2.67)

Black or African American, white ............... 100.00 38.9 (8.04) 61.1 (8.04) *17.9 (5.78) 43.1 (8.07)

American Indian or Alaska Native, white........... 100.00 36.3 (4.08) 63.7 (4.08) 36.9 (4.30) 26.8 (3.52)

Hispanic or Latino origin and race:

Hispanic or Latino .......................... 100.00 49.6 (0.85) 50.4 (0.85) 25.3 (0.74) 25.2 (0.71)

Mexican or Mexican American ................. 100.00 50.2 (1.07) 49.8 (1.07) 25.4 (0.92) 24.4 (0.84)

Not Hispanic or Latino ....................... 100.00 36.1 (0.51) 63.9 (0.51) 30.0 (0.41) 33.9 (0.42)

White, single race ........................ 100.00 34.7 (0.56) 65.3 (0.56) 30.5 (0.47) 34.8 (0.47)

Black or African American, single race ............ 100.00 45.4 (1.08) 54.6 (1.08) 25.5 (0.86) 29.1 (0.97)

Education:

Less than high school graduate ................. 100.00 58.9 (0.90) 41.1 (0.90) 21.2 (0.71) 19.9 (0.74)

GED diploma5 ............................ 100.00 46.1 (2.08) 53.9 (2.08) 27.8 (1.75) 26.1 (1.97)

High school graduate ........................ 100.00 46.2 (0.81) 53.8 (0.81) 28.4 (0.70) 25.4 (0.63)

Some college—no degree ..................... 100.00 32.4 (0.81) 67.6 (0.81) 32.0 (0.77) 35.5 (0.85)

Associate of arts degree ...................... 100.00 31.3 (1.04) 68.7 (1.04) 31.6 (1.04) 37.1 (1.06)

Bachelor of arts, science degree ................. 100.00 22.5 (0.70) 77.5 (0.70) 32.9 (0.81) 44.5 (0.82)

Masters, doctorate, medical degree ............... 100.00 18.1 (0.81) 81.9 (0.81) 34.4 (1.07) 47.5 (1.07)

Poverty status:6

Below poverty level ......................... 100.00 52.7 (1.21) 47.3 (1.21) 22.9 (0.86) 24.4 (1.13)

≥1 and <2 times poverty level .................. 100.00 50.5 (0.98) 49.5 (0.98) 24.8 (0.78) 24.8 (0.82)

≥2 and <4 times poverty level .................. 100.00 40.2 (0.71) 59.8 (0.71) 29.7 (0.59) 30.0 (0.59)

4 times poverty level or more ................... 100.00 27.1 (0.55) 72.9 (0.55) 32.7 (0.56) 40.2 (0.55)

Marital status:

Never married ............................ 100.00 33.2 (0.78) 66.8 (0.78) 26.9 (0.69) 39.9 (0.78)

Married ................................ 100.00 38.2 (0.56) 61.8 (0.56) 31.2 (0.48) 30.6 (0.47)

Cohabiting .............................. 100.00 37.9 (1.36) 62.1 (1.36) 29.3 (1.24) 32.8 (1.29)

Divorced or separated ....................... 100.00 42.5 (0.92) 57.5 (0.92) 25.6 (0.78) 31.9 (0.83)

Widowed ............................... 100.00 55.8 (1.67) 44.2 (1.67) 23.5 (1.32) 20.8 (1.30)

Geographic region:

Northeast ............................... 100.00 34.7 (0.92) 65.3 (0.92) 31.0 (0.84) 34.3 (0.94)

Midwest ................................ 100.00 33.3 (1.12) 66.7 (1.12) 32.8 (0.91) 33.9 (0.82)

South ................................. 100.00 44.3 (0.81) 55.7 (0.81) 25.9 (0.56) 29.8 (0.62)

West .................................. 100.00 35.1 (0.84) 64.9 (0.84) 30.0 (0.69) 35.0 (0.75)

Women

Ages 18 years and over (crude)3 .................. 100.00 41.3 (0.45) 58.7 (0.45) 30.0 (0.33) 28.7 (0.35)

Ages 18 years and over (age-adjusted)3,4 ............ 100.00 41.1 (0.45) 58.9 (0.45) 30.0 (0.33) 28.9 (0.35)

Age:

18–24 years ............................. 100.00 36.6 (1.03) 63.4 (1.03) 30.5 (0.91) 32.9 (0.95)

25–44 years ............................. 100.00 36.6 (0.57) 63.4 (0.57) 31.3 (0.49) 32.1 (0.51)

45–64 years ............................. 100.00 39.7 (0.62) 60.3 (0.62) 31.6 (0.50) 28.7 (0.53)

65–74 years ............................. 100.00 50.0 (1.01) 50.0 (1.01) 27.0 (0.83) 23.0 (0.84)

75 years and over.......................... 100.00 65.0 (0.91) 35.0 (0.91) 20.9 (0.74) 14.0 (0.68)

Race:

White, single race .......................... 100.00 39.4 (0.48) 60.6 (0.48) 30.4 (0.35) 30.2 (0.39)

Black or African American, single race ............. 100.00 54.3 (0.88) 45.7 (0.88) 26.5 (0.69) 19.2 (0.60)

American Indian or Alaska Native, single race ........ 100.00 37.5 (3.16) 62.5 (3.16) 36.8 (2.83) 25.7 (2.81)

Asian, single race .......................... 100.00 42.5 (1.50) 57.5 (1.50) 30.8 (1.35) 26.7 (1.28)

Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander, single race.... 100.00 38.2 (7.92) 61.8 (7.92) *19.7 (6.56) 42.1 (9.56)

Two or more races ......................... 100.00 35.8 (2.47) 64.2 (2.47) 33.0 (2.25) 31.2 (2.59)

Black or African American, white ............... 100.00 39.8 (5.96) 60.2 (5.96) 35.2 (5.71) 25.0 (5.71)

American Indian or Alaska Native, white........... 100.00 39.1 (3.70) 60.9 (3.70) 32.9 (3.70) 27.9 (3.60)

See footnotes at end of table.
Page 108 [ Series 10, No. 245

Table XII. Crude percent distributions (with standard errors) of leisure-time physical activity status for adults 18 years of age and over and

crude percentages (with standard errors) of adults 18 years of age and over who engaged in some but less than regular and regular

leisure-time physical activity, by selected characteristics: United States, average annual, 2005–2007—Con.

Leisure-time physical activity status1

At least some2 Some, less

Selected characteristic Total Inactive (some+regular) than regular Regular

Women—Con. Percent distribution (standard error) Percent (standard error)

Hispanic or Latino origin and race:

Hispanic or Latino .......................... 100.00 53.9 (0.79) 46.1 (0.79) 24.8 (0.65) 21.3 (0.65)

Mexican or Mexican American ................. 100.00 52.1 (1.00) 47.9 (1.00) 26.1 (0.84) 21.8 (0.89)

Not Hispanic or Latino ....................... 100.00 39.6 (0.49) 60.4 (0.49) 30.7 (0.35) 29.7 (0.38)

White, single race ........................ 100.00 37.0 (0.53) 63.0 (0.53) 31.4 (0.39) 31.6 (0.44)

Black or African American, single race ............ 100.00 54.1 (0.91) 45.9 (0.91) 26.6 (0.71) 19.2 (0.61)

Education:

Less than high school graduate ................. 100.00 64.2 (0.73) 35.8 (0.73) 21.3 (0.61) 14.5 (0.50)

GED diploma5 ............................ 100.00 57.4 (1.82) 42.6 (1.82) 25.3 (1.48) 17.3 (1.35)

High school graduate ........................ 100.00 49.1 (0.70) 50.9 (0.70) 29.1 (0.57) 21.8 (0.55)

Some college—no degree ..................... 100.00 35.2 (0.72) 64.8 (0.72) 33.1 (0.69) 31.7 (0.66)

Associate of arts degree ...................... 100.00 33.5 (0.89) 66.5 (0.89) 34.2 (0.88) 32.3 (0.91)

Bachelor of arts, science degree ................. 100.00 25.9 (0.72) 74.1 (0.72) 32.9 (0.74) 41.2 (0.79)

Masters, doctorate, medical degree ............... 100.00 20.1 (0.85) 79.9 (0.85) 34.2 (0.95) 45.7 (1.03)

Poverty status:6

Below poverty level ......................... 100.00 58.0 (0.92) 42.0 (0.92) 23.3 (0.68) 18.8 (0.67)

≥1 and <2 times poverty level .................. 100.00 52.9 (0.77) 47.1 (0.77) 26.4 (0.66) 20.7 (0.57)

≥2 and <4 times poverty level .................. 100.00 41.9 (0.67) 58.1 (0.67) 30.9 (0.53) 27.2 (0.56)

4 times poverty level or more ................... 100.00 28.1 (0.58) 71.9 (0.58) 33.8 (0.55) 38.0 (0.57)

Marital status:

Never married ............................ 100.00 38.3 (0.87) 61.7 (0.87) 30.2 (0.73) 31.5 (0.76)

Married ................................ 100.00 38.0 (0.53) 62.0 (0.53) 31.2 (0.44) 30.8 (0.47)

Cohabiting .............................. 100.00 38.7 (1.28) 61.3 (1.28) 31.6 (1.28) 29.7 (1.22)

Divorced or separated ....................... 100.00 45.4 (0.78) 54.6 (0.78) 29.9 (0.66) 24.7 (0.61)

Widowed ............................... 100.00 61.2 (0.88) 38.8 (0.88) 22.9 (0.70) 16.0 (0.61)

Geographic region:

Northeast ............................... 100.00 40.7 (0.93) 59.3 (0.93) 29.6 (0.78) 29.7 (0.75)

Midwest ................................ 100.00 35.7 (0.92) 64.3 (0.92) 34.2 (0.63) 30.1 (0.78)

South ................................. 100.00 47.7 (0.82) 52.3 (0.82) 27.1 (0.55) 25.2 (0.57)

West .................................. 100.00 37.0 (0.77) 63.0 (0.77) 30.7 (0.66) 32.2 (0.71)

* Estimates preceded by an asterisk have a relative standard error of greater than 30% and less than or equal to 50%. These should be interpreted with caution as they do not meet the standard of

reliability or precision.
 

1

Questions related to leisure-time physical activity were phrased in terms of current behavior and lack a specific reference period. ‘‘Inactive’’ is no light-moderate or vigorous leisure-time physical
 

activity lasting at least 10 minutes; ‘‘At least some’’ is some light-moderate or vigorous leisure-time physical activity lasting at least 10 minutes, regardless of the frequency or duration of the activity;
 

‘‘Some, less than regular’’ is some light-moderate or vigorous leisure-time physical activity lasting at least 10 minutes but the activity did not meet the definition for regular leisure-time physical activity;
 

‘‘Regular’’ is vigorous leisure-time physical activity at least three times per week lasting at least 20 minutes each time OR light-moderate leisure-time physical activity at least five times per week lasting
 

at least 30 minutes each time OR both.
 

2

Any vigorous or light-moderate leisure-time physical activity, regardless of frequency or duration. This category, which is the sum of the categories ‘‘Some activity’’ and ‘‘Regular actvity,’’ corresponds
 

to the category of the same name shown in earlier editions of this report (1997–1998, 1999–2001, and 2002–2004) with one small difference. In the earlier reports, adults for whom duration information
 

was missing were classified as having engaged in activity. Beginning with the current report, these adults were excluded from the denominator when calculating percentages in order to be consistent
 

with other published estimates.
 

3

Persons of other races and unknown race and ethnicity, unknown education, unknown poverty status, and unknown marital status are included in the total.
 

4

Estimates are age adjusted using the projected 2000 U.S. population as the standard population and using three age groups: 18–44 years, 45–64 years, and 65 years and over.
 

5

GED is General Educational Development high school equivalency diploma.
 

6

Poverty status is based on family income and family size using the U.S. Census Bureau poverty thresholds for 2004, 2005, and 2006.
 

NOTES: For age-adjusted percentages, refer to Table 5.1. Denominator for each percentage excludes persons with unknown leisure-time physical activity status. See Appendix II for definitions of
 

terms. See Appendix III for health behavior questions.
 

DATA SOURCE: National Health Interview Survey, 2005–2007. Estimates are based on household interviews of a sample of the civilian noninstitutionalized population.
Series 10, No. 245 [ Page 109

Table XIII. Crude percent distributions (with standard errors) of times per week engaged in light-moderate leisure-time physical activity for

adults 18 years of age and over, by selected characteristics: United States, average annual, 2005–2007

Times per week engaged in light-moderate activity1

Selected characteristic Total None2 Less than 13 1–2 3–4 5 or more

Both sexes Percent distribution (standard error)

Ages 18 years and over (crude)4 .................. 100.0 48.4 (0.40) 1.8 (0.06) 14.6 (0.21) 13.3 (0.18) 21.9 (0.26)

Ages 18 years and over (age-adjusted)4,5 ............ 100.0 48.4 (0.40) 1.8 (0.06) 14.6 (0.20) 13.3 (0.18) 21.9 (0.26)

Age:

18–24 years ............................. 100.0 47.7 (0.86) 1.7 (0.20) 14.6 (0.50) 12.7 (0.50) 23.3 (0.67)

25–44 years ............................. 100.0 45.6 (0.50) 2.0 (0.10) 16.6 (0.30) 14.7 (0.28) 21.1 (0.35)

45–64 years ............................. 100.0 47.2 (0.50) 2.0 (0.12) 15.2 (0.32) 13.5 (0.28) 22.1 (0.37)

65–74 years ............................. 100.0 52.8 (0.81) 1.3 (0.16) 10.4 (0.45) 12.1 (0.44) 23.4 (0.68)

75 years and over.......................... 100.0 63.5 (0.78) 1.0 (0.14) 7.5 (0.40) 7.6 (0.37) 20.3 (0.61)

Race:

White, single race .......................... 100.0 46.7 (0.44) 1.8 (0.07) 15.2 (0.24) 13.7 (0.20) 22.6 (0.29)

Black or African American, single race ............. 100.0 59.7 (0.72) 1.8 (0.19) 11.2 (0.39) 10.9 (0.36) 16.4 (0.48)

American Indian or Alaska Native, single race ........ 100.0 46.9 (2.53) 3.6 (0.95) 13.3 (1.76) 12.9 (1.60) 23.4 (2.21)

Asian, single race .......................... 100.0 50.0 (1.09) 1.8 (0.34) 14.7 (0.70) 11.7 (0.80) 21.8 (1.01)

Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander, single race.... 100.0 54.1 (6.91) † *12.6 (4.30) 14.7 (4.10) 15.6 (4.64)

Two or more races ......................... 100.0 44.5 (2.07) 2.0 (0.51) 14.4 (1.36) 15.3 (1.64) 23.7 (1.88)

Black or African American, white ............... 100.0 48.6 (4.94) † 16.5 (3.58) 12.7 (3.53) 20.1 (3.81)

American Indian or Alaska Native, white........... 100.0 46.5 (2.92) *1.7 (0.72) 15.6 (2.13) 15.2 (2.28) 21.0 (2.27)

Hispanic or Latino origin and race:

Hispanic or Latino .......................... 100.0 61.6 (0.62) 1.7 (0.17) 11.4 (0.37) 9.9 (0.33) 15.4 (0.42)

Mexican or Mexican American ................. 100.0 61.3 (0.76) 1.6 (0.22) 12.1 (0.49) 9.8 (0.39) 15.2 (0.51)

Not Hispanic or Latino ....................... 100.0 46.4 (0.43) 1.8 (0.07) 15.1 (0.23) 13.8 (0.20) 22.8 (0.28)

White, single race ........................ 100.0 44.1 (0.48) 1.8 (0.08) 15.8 (0.26) 14.3 (0.23) 23.9 (0.32)

Black or African American, single race ............ 100.0 59.6 (0.74) 1.8 (0.19) 11.3 (0.40) 10.9 (0.37) 16.4 (0.49)

Education:

Less than high school graduate ................. 100.0 67.6 (0.61) 1.5 (0.15) 9.0 (0.33) 6.6 (0.28) 15.3 (0.43)

GED diploma6 ............................ 100.0 58.2 (1.38) 1.9 (0.34) 11.8 (0.95) 9.5 (0.76) 18.6 (1.12)

High school graduate ........................ 100.0 55.4 (0.60) 1.8 (0.13) 12.8 (0.33) 10.9 (0.30) 19.1 (0.41)

Some college—no degree ..................... 100.0 43.8 (0.62) 2.0 (0.15) 16.1 (0.42) 14.4 (0.39) 23.6 (0.47)

Associate of arts degree ...................... 100.0 41.3 (0.75) 1.9 (0.19) 16.5 (0.55) 15.6 (0.52) 24.7 (0.63)

Bachelor of arts, science degree ................. 100.0 34.7 (0.62) 1.8 (0.15) 18.7 (0.47) 18.4 (0.42) 26.5 (0.54)

Masters, doctorate, medical degree ............... 100.0 30.1 (0.73) 2.0 (0.22) 19.5 (0.60) 19.7 (0.62) 28.7 (0.67)

Poverty status:7

Below poverty level ......................... 100.0 63.1 (0.75) 1.3 (0.14) 9.6 (0.36) 8.2 (0.35) 17.9 (0.55)

≥1 and <2 times poverty level .................. 100.0 58.6 (0.65) 1.6 (0.14) 11.5 (0.34) 9.3 (0.33) 19.0 (0.44)

≥2 and <4 times poverty level .................. 100.0 49.5 (0.53) 1.9 (0.13) 14.0 (0.31) 13.1 (0.30) 21.5 (0.41)

4 times poverty level or more ................... 100.0 37.9 (0.47) 2.0 (0.11) 18.3 (0.36) 16.9 (0.29) 24.9 (0.37)

Marital status:

Never married ............................ 100.0 48.3 (0.67) 1.8 (0.15) 14.7 (0.39) 12.9 (0.37) 22.3 (0.48)

Married ................................ 100.0 46.1 (0.46) 1.9 (0.09) 15.6 (0.27) 14.2 (0.24) 22.1 (0.32)

Cohabiting .............................. 100.0 47.0 (0.97) 2.0 (0.26) 15.0 (0.68) 12.5 (0.62) 23.4 (0.82)

Divorced or separated ....................... 100.0 51.8 (0.63) 1.8 (0.16) 13.2 (0.41) 12.7 (0.38) 20.5 (0.47)

Widowed ............................... 100.0 63.2 (0.79) 1.0 (0.12) 8.2 (0.39) 7.8 (0.34) 19.8 (0.66)

Geographic region:

Northeast ............................... 100.0 48.5 (0.88) 1.7 (0.17) 15.0 (0.46) 12.5 (0.38) 22.4 (0.53)

Midwest ................................ 100.0 43.3 (0.91) 2.1 (0.14) 17.2 (0.51) 14.0 (0.42) 23.3 (0.61)

South ................................. 100.0 53.7 (0.67) 1.7 (0.10) 12.6 (0.30) 12.8 (0.29) 19.2 (0.43)

West .................................. 100.0 44.7 (0.72) 1.8 (0.12) 15.0 (0.41) 14.0 (0.37) 24.4 (0.55)

Men

Ages 18 years and over (crude)4 .................. 100.0 48.7 (0.49) 2.1 (0.10) 15.3 (0.29) 12.3 (0.25) 21.6 (0.34)

Ages 18 years and over (age-adjusted)4,5 ............ 100.0 48.9 (0.49) 2.1 (0.10) 15.1 (0.29) 12.3 (0.25) 21.6 (0.34)

Age:

18–24 years ............................. 100.0 49.3 (1.21) 1.6 (0.29) 13.8 (0.73) 11.0 (0.71) 24.2 (0.96)

25–44 years ............................. 100.0 46.9 (0.67) 2.4 (0.16) 17.2 (0.43) 13.4 (0.40) 20.0 (0.48)

45–64 years ............................. 100.0 48.2 (0.65) 2.2 (0.18) 16.0 (0.45) 12.3 (0.40) 21.3 (0.50)

65–74 years ............................. 100.0 51.4 (1.10) 1.9 (0.29) 10.7 (0.67) 12.2 (0.68) 23.8 (0.93)

75 years and over.......................... 100.0 57.5 (1.25) 1.3 (0.27) 8.8 (0.73) 8.6 (0.65) 23.8 (1.02)

See footnotes at end of table.
Page 110 [ Series 10, No. 245

Table XIII. Crude percent distributions (with standard errors) of times per week engaged in light-moderate leisure-time physical activity for

adults 18 years of age and over, by selected characteristics: United States, average annual, 2005–2007—Con.

Times per week engaged in light-moderate activity1

Selected characteristic Total None2 Less than 13 1–2 3–4 5 or more

Men—Con. Percent distribution (standard error)

Race:

White, single race .......................... 100.0 47.4 (0.55) 2.2 (0.11) 15.8 (0.33) 12.5 (0.28) 22.1 (0.37)

Black or African American, single race ............. 100.0 58.3 (1.02) 2.0 (0.37) 10.9 (0.61) 11.0 (0.59) 17.7 (0.74)

American Indian or Alaska Native, single race ........ 100.0 49.3 (3.96) *4.6 (1.62) 11.8 (2.43) 9.4 (1.78) 24.9 (3.24)

Asian, single race .......................... 100.0 50.1 (1.51) 1.4 (0.35) 16.6 (1.10) 11.6 (1.11) 20.3 (1.42)

Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander, single race.... 100.0 51.0 (10.08) † † *16.2 (6.18) *13.8 (5.51)

Two or more races ......................... 100.0 46.7 (3.02) *2.3 (0.76) 15.8 (2.12) 14.6 (2.33) 20.7 (2.28)

Black or African American, white ............... 100.0 54.4 (8.10) † *13.5 (5.29) † 22.9 (6.55)

American Indian or Alaska Native, white........... 100.0 46.6 (4.11) † 17.9 (3.34) 17.0 (3.52) 16.6 (2.73)

Hispanic or Latino origin and race:

Hispanic or Latino .......................... 100.0 62.1 (0.85) 2.0 (0.27) 11.5 (0.56) 9.3 (0.50) 15.0 (0.61)

Mexican or Mexican American ................. 100.0 62.9 (1.04) 1.9 (0.33) 12.2 (0.76) 8.9 (0.57) 14.1 (0.70)

Not Hispanic or Latino ....................... 100.0 46.5 (0.53) 2.2 (0.11) 15.9 (0.32) 12.8 (0.27) 22.6 (0.37)

White, single race ........................ 100.0 44.6 (0.60) 2.2 (0.12) 16.6 (0.37) 13.1 (0.31) 23.5 (0.42)

Black or African American, single race ............ 100.0 58.2 (1.04) 2.0 (0.38) 11.0 (0.63) 11.1 (0.59) 17.6 (0.76)

Education:

Less than high school graduate ................. 100.0 67.1 (0.88) 1.9 (0.23) 9.2 (0.50) 6.2 (0.38) 15.6 (0.66)

GED diploma6 ............................ 100.0 54.5 (2.11) 2.2 (0.55) 14.0 (1.55) 9.3 (1.09) 20.0 (1.78)

High school graduate ........................ 100.0 55.8 (0.81) 2.1 (0.21) 13.5 (0.49) 10.1 (0.46) 18.5 (0.56)

Some college—no degree ..................... 100.0 44.8 (0.88) 2.3 (0.23) 16.4 (0.64) 13.4 (0.59) 23.1 (0.71)

Associate of arts degree ...................... 100.0 42.5 (1.16) 2.2 (0.30) 17.0 (0.86) 13.6 (0.73) 24.8 (0.96)

Bachelor of arts, science degree ................. 100.0 35.2 (0.84) 2.1 (0.23) 19.5 (0.67) 17.1 (0.60) 26.1 (0.73)

Masters, doctorate, medical degree ............... 100.0 30.8 (1.02) 2.5 (0.38) 20.6 (0.90) 18.5 (0.89) 27.6 (0.97)

Poverty status:7

Below poverty level ......................... 100.0 62.9 (1.15) 1.6 (0.29) 9.6 (0.58) 7.8 (0.54) 18.2 (0.94)

≥1 and <2 times poverty level .................. 100.0 59.0 (1.06) 1.6 (0.19) 11.6 (0.59) 8.5 (0.52) 19.2 (0.67)

≥2 and <4 times poverty level .................. 100.0 50.7 (0.73) 2.3 (0.19) 14.0 (0.44) 12.0 (0.45) 20.9 (0.57)

4 times poverty level or more ................... 100.0 39.1 (0.61) 2.4 (0.16) 19.3 (0.52) 15.3 (0.39) 23.9 (0.50)

Marital status:

Never married ............................ 100.0 49.1 (0.85) 1.8 (0.20) 14.3 (0.54) 11.9 (0.50) 22.8 (0.64)

Married ................................ 100.0 47.5 (0.58) 2.3 (0.14) 16.4 (0.38) 12.7 (0.32) 21.0 (0.43)

Cohabiting .............................. 100.0 48.1 (1.41) 2.4 (0.40) 14.1 (0.89) 11.8 (0.96) 23.6 (1.11)

Divorced or separated ....................... 100.0 52.2 (0.90) 2.1 (0.23) 12.8 (0.65) 12.2 (0.60) 20.7 (0.68)

Widowed ............................... 100.0 60.5 (1.62) 0.7 (0.21) 9.4 (0.94) 8.4 (0.81) 20.9 (1.31)

Geographic region:

Northeast ............................... 100.0 47.7 (1.07) 1.9 (0.22) 16.2 (0.68) 11.9 (0.57) 22.3 (0.76)

Midwest ................................ 100.0 44.2 (1.20) 2.8 (0.24) 17.3 (0.74) 12.6 (0.56) 23.2 (0.79)

South ................................. 100.0 54.0 (0.79) 1.9 (0.17) 13.2 (0.42) 11.9 (0.41) 18.9 (0.55)

West .................................. 100.0 45.7 (0.89) 2.0 (0.19) 15.8 (0.54) 13.0 (0.50) 23.6 (0.68)

Women

Ages 18 years and over (crude)4 .................. 100.0 48.1 (0.44) 1.5 (0.08) 14.1 (0.23) 14.2 (0.23) 22.2 (0.31)

Ages 18 years and over (age-adjusted)4,5 ............ 100.0 47.9 (0.44) 1.5 (0.08) 14.2 (0.23) 14.3 (0.24) 22.2 (0.31)

Age:

18–24 years ............................. 100.0 46.2 (1.08) 1.8 (0.27) 15.3 (0.69) 14.3 (0.70) 22.4 (0.84)

25–44 years ............................. 100.0 44.2 (0.57) 1.6 (0.12) 16.0 (0.38) 16.0 (0.37) 22.2 (0.46)

45–64 years ............................. 100.0 46.2 (0.61) 1.8 (0.15) 14.5 (0.39) 14.6 (0.37) 22.9 (0.46)

65–74 years ............................. 100.0 53.9 (1.02) 0.9 (0.16) 10.1 (0.59) 12.1 (0.56) 23.0 (0.85)

75 years and over.......................... 100.0 67.4 (0.88) 0.8 (0.15) 6.7 (0.43) 6.9 (0.44) 18.1 (0.71)

Race:

White, single race .......................... 100.0 46.1 (0.48) 1.5 (0.09) 14.5 (0.26) 14.8 (0.27) 23.1 (0.34)

Black or African American, single race ............. 100.0 60.8 (0.86) 1.7 (0.17) 11.4 (0.48) 10.7 (0.45) 15.4 (0.59)

American Indian or Alaska Native, single race ........ 100.0 44.5 (3.30) *2.5 (1.00) 14.8 (2.11) 16.4 (2.62) 21.8 (2.72)

Asian, single race .......................... 100.0 50.0 (1.51) 2.1 (0.57) 12.9 (0.88) 11.7 (0.97) 23.3 (1.26)

Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander, single race.... 100.0 57.7 (9.18) – *11.7 (4.55) *13.1 (5.64) *17.6 (7.65)

Two or more races ......................... 100.0 42.4 (2.58) *1.7 (0.67) 13.2 (1.73) 16.1 (1.99) 26.6 (2.72)

Black or African American, white ............... 100.0 44.8 (6.12) † 18.5 (4.74) 17.4 (5.12) 18.2 (4.78)

American Indian or Alaska Native, white........... 100.0 46.4 (3.76) † 12.9 (2.63) 13.2 (2.56) 26.1 (3.45)

See footnotes at end of table.
Series 10, No. 245 [ Page 111

Table XIII. Crude percent distributions (with standard errors) of times per week engaged in light-moderate leisure-time physical activity for

adults 18 years of age and over, by selected characteristics: United States, average annual, 2005–2007—Con.

Times per week engaged in light-moderate activity1

Selected characteristic Total None2 Less than 13 1–2 3–4 5 or more

Women—Con. Percent distribution (standard error)

Hispanic or Latino origin and race:

Hispanic or Latino .......................... 100.0 61.1 (0.76) 1.4 (0.20) 11.2 (0.46) 10.5 (0.43) 15.8 (0.54)

Mexican or Mexican American ................. 100.0 59.5 (0.97) 1.4 (0.25) 11.9 (0.62) 10.8 (0.55) 16.4 (0.71)

Not Hispanic or Latino ....................... 100.0 46.3 (0.47) 1.6 (0.08) 14.5 (0.25) 14.7 (0.26) 23.1 (0.34)

White, single race ........................ 100.0 43.6 (0.52) 1.5 (0.09) 15.1 (0.29) 15.5 (0.30) 24.3 (0.38)

Black or African American, single race ............ 100.0 60.7 (0.88) 1.7 (0.17) 11.5 (0.49) 10.8 (0.45) 15.4 (0.60)

Education:

Less than high school graduate ................. 100.0 68.1 (0.71) 1.1 (0.19) 8.7 (0.41) 7.0 (0.37) 15.0 (0.52)

GED diploma6 ............................ 100.0 62.2 (1.75) 1.5 (0.40) 9.6 (0.99) 9.7 (1.07) 17.1 (1.31)

High school graduate ........................ 100.0 55.0 (0.68) 1.6 (0.14) 12.1 (0.40) 11.7 (0.37) 19.7 (0.51)

Some college—no degree ..................... 100.0 43.0 (0.75) 1.8 (0.19) 15.9 (0.53) 15.3 (0.52) 24.0 (0.59)

Associate of arts degree ...................... 100.0 40.4 (0.92) 1.8 (0.24) 16.2 (0.68) 17.1 (0.71) 24.6 (0.82)

Bachelor of arts, science degree ................. 100.0 34.2 (0.78) 1.5 (0.20) 17.9 (0.59) 19.6 (0.59) 26.8 (0.71)

Masters, doctorate, medical degree ............... 100.0 29.3 (0.99) 1.4 (0.23) 18.3 (0.86) 21.0 (0.83) 30.0 (0.95)

Poverty status:7

Below poverty level ......................... 100.0 63.2 (0.82) 1.1 (0.13) 9.6 (0.44) 8.5 (0.44) 17.6 (0.61)

≥1 and <2 times poverty level .................. 100.0 58.3 (0.75) 1.6 (0.18) 11.4 (0.44) 9.9 (0.39) 18.8 (0.54)

≥2 and <4 times poverty level .................. 100.0 48.3 (0.64) 1.6 (0.15) 14.0 (0.41) 14.2 (0.40) 22.0 (0.51)

4 times poverty level or more ................... 100.0 36.5 (0.59) 1.6 (0.14) 17.3 (0.42) 18.7 (0.42) 25.9 (0.49)

Marital status:

Never married ............................ 100.0 47.4 (0.87) 1.7 (0.22) 15.2 (0.54) 14.0 (0.52) 21.7 (0.66)

Married ................................ 100.0 44.8 (0.53) 1.5 (0.11) 14.8 (0.32) 15.8 (0.33) 23.1 (0.40)

Cohabiting .............................. 100.0 45.7 (1.35) 1.6 (0.33) 16.1 (0.96) 13.4 (0.86) 23.2 (1.15)

Divorced or separated ....................... 100.0 51.5 (0.78) 1.7 (0.21) 13.5 (0.51) 13.1 (0.47) 20.3 (0.61)

Widowed ............................... 100.0 63.9 (0.87) 1.0 (0.14) 7.9 (0.43) 7.6 (0.38) 19.5 (0.74)

Geographic region:

Northeast ............................... 100.0 49.3 (1.00) 1.5 (0.23) 13.9 (0.55) 12.9 (0.50) 22.4 (0.72)

Midwest ................................ 100.0 42.5 (0.87) 1.5 (0.14) 17.2 (0.50) 15.3 (0.53) 23.5 (0.66)

South ................................. 100.0 53.5 (0.77) 1.5 (0.12) 12.0 (0.35) 13.6 (0.39) 19.5 (0.49)

West .................................. 100.0 43.8 (0.82) 1.7 (0.16) 14.3 (0.49) 15.0 (0.49) 25.2 (0.67)

† Estimates with a relative standard error greater than 50% are indicated with a dagger, but are not shown.
 

* Estimates preceded by an asterisk have a relative standard error of greater than 30% and less than or equal to 50%. These should be interpreted with caution as they do not meet the standard of
 

reliability or precision.
 

– Quantity zero.
 

1

Light-moderate activity includes leisure-time physical activities that cause only light sweating or a light to moderate increase in breathing or heart rate and are done for at least 10 minutes per episode.
 

2

‘‘None’’ may include individuals who engaged in only vigorous activity.
 

3

Less than 1’’ refers to frequencies of light-moderate activities lasting 10 minutes per episode that occurred less than one time per week (for example, three times per month.)
 

4

Persons of other races and unknown race and ethnicity, unknown education, unknown poverty status, and unknown marital status are included in the total.
 

5

Estimates are age adjusted using the projected 2000 U.S. population as the standard population and using three age groups: 18–44 years, 45–64 years, and 65 years and over.
 

6

GED is General Educational Development high school equivalency diploma.
 

7

Poverty status is based on family income and family size using the U.S. Census Bureau poverty thresholds for 2004, 2005, and 2006.
 

NOTES: For age-adjusted percent distributions, refer to Table 5.2. Denominator for each percent distribution excludes persons with unknown light-moderate leisure-time physical activity status. See

Appendix II for definitions of terms. See Appendix III for health behavior questions.

DATA SOURCE: National Health Interview Survey, 2005–2007. Estimates are based on household interviews of a sample of the civilian noninstitutionalized population.
Page 112 [ Series 10, No. 245

Table XIV. Crude percent distributions (with standard errors) of times per week engaged in vigorous leisure-time physical activity for adults

18 years of age and over, by selected characteristics: United States, average annual, 2005–2007

Times per week engaged in vigorous activity1

Selected characteristic Total None2 Less than 13 1–2 3–4 5 or more

Both sexes Percent distribution (standard error)

Ages 18 years and over (crude)4 .................. 100.0 61.7 (0.36) 2.6 (0.08) 11.6 (0.18) 13.0 (0.18) 11.0 (0.18)

Ages 18 years and over (age-adjusted)4,5 ............ 100.0 61.5 (0.35) 2.6 (0.08) 11.7 (0.18) 13.0 (0.18) 11.1 (0.18)

Age:

18–24 years ............................. 100.0 48.8 (0.84) 3.3 (0.26) 15.8 (0.54) 16.7 (0.58) 15.5 (0.56)

25–44 years ............................. 100.0 54.2 (0.50) 3.2 (0.13) 14.8 (0.30) 16.1 (0.29) 11.6 (0.25)

45–64 years ............................. 100.0 64.7 (0.49) 2.5 (0.13) 10.3 (0.25) 11.7 (0.27) 10.8 (0.27)

65–74 years ............................. 100.0 78.4 (0.62) 1.1 (0.14) 5.0 (0.32) 7.1 (0.37) 8.3 (0.39)

75 years and over.......................... 100.0 88.5 (0.48) 0.7 (0.12) 2.6 (0.23) 3.3 (0.27) 4.8 (0.31)

Race:

White, single race .......................... 100.0 60.8 (0.39) 2.7 (0.09) 11.9 (0.20) 13.3 (0.20) 11.4 (0.20)

Black or African American, single race ............. 100.0 68.1 (0.69) 2.2 (0.21) 10.0 (0.38) 11.0 (0.42) 8.7 (0.34)

American Indian or Alaska Native, single race ........ 100.0 69.4 (2.36) 2.5 (0.74) 9.0 (1.25) 7.7 (1.22) 11.5 (2.10)

Asian, single race .......................... 100.0 62.2 (1.07) 2.8 (0.36) 12.2 (0.70) 12.1 (0.76) 10.8 (0.75)

Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander, single race.... 100.0 66.4 (5.59) – *6.1 (2.75) 18.6 (4.52) *8.9 (3.53)

Two or more races ......................... 100.0 55.9 (2.21) 3.4 (0.79) 12.2 (1.39) 15.1 (1.60) 13.4 (1.38)

Black or African American, white ............... 100.0 58.2 (4.75) † 12.3 (2.95) 15.6 (3.57) 11.3 (3.02)

American Indian or Alaska Native, white........... 100.0 62.0 (3.09) *2.7 (0.95) 9.8 (1.84) 12.1 (1.89) 13.4 (2.10)

Hispanic or Latino origin and race:

Hispanic or Latino .......................... 100.0 69.9 (0.60) 2.0 (0.16) 9.8 (0.36) 9.8 (0.38) 8.5 (0.33)

Mexican or Mexican American ................. 100.0 69.7 (0.78) 2.0 (0.20) 10.5 (0.47) 9.8 (0.51) 8.0 (0.39)

Not Hispanic or Latino ....................... 100.0 60.5 (0.39) 2.7 (0.09) 11.9 (0.20) 13.4 (0.20) 11.4 (0.20)

White, single race ........................ 100.0 59.2 (0.43) 2.8 (0.10) 12.2 (0.23) 13.9 (0.22) 11.9 (0.22)

Black or African American, single race ............ 100.0 68.1 (0.71) 2.3 (0.22) 10.1 (0.39) 11.0 (0.43) 8.5 (0.34)

Education:

Less than high school graduate ................. 100.0 80.7 (0.48) 1.5 (0.13) 6.1 (0.27) 4.8 (0.24) 6.8 (0.31)

GED diploma6 ............................ 100.0 70.9 (1.39) 2.1 (0.38) 9.6 (0.77) 6.9 (0.79) 10.5 (0.93)

High school graduate ........................ 100.0 71.1 (0.50) 2.1 (0.13) 9.6 (0.29) 8.6 (0.28) 8.6 (0.26)

Some college—no degree ..................... 100.0 56.1 (0.65) 3.2 (0.19) 13.7 (0.40) 14.9 (0.40) 12.2 (0.38)

Associate of arts degree ...................... 100.0 56.8 (0.77) 3.0 (0.23) 13.3 (0.50) 14.6 (0.54) 12.3 (0.49)

Bachelor of arts, science degree ................. 100.0 45.3 (0.64) 3.5 (0.22) 15.6 (0.45) 21.2 (0.45) 14.4 (0.41)

Masters, doctorate, medical degree ............... 100.0 42.9 (0.79) 3.3 (0.25) 15.5 (0.59) 21.9 (0.62) 16.5 (0.61)

Poverty status:7

Below poverty level ......................... 100.0 73.9 (0.89) 1.7 (0.16) 8.7 (0.39) 7.3 (0.43) 8.4 (0.43)

≥1 and <2 times poverty level .................. 100.0 73.7 (0.57) 1.9 (0.14) 8.3 (0.32) 8.0 (0.33) 8.2 (0.34)

≥2 and <4 times poverty level .................. 100.0 63.8 (0.49) 2.6 (0.14) 11.7 (0.30) 11.8 (0.30) 10.2 (0.27)

4 times poverty level or more ................... 100.0 50.4 (0.49) 3.3 (0.15) 14.2 (0.30) 18.1 (0.30) 14.0 (0.29)

Marital status:

Never married ............................ 100.0 51.9 (0.66) 3.0 (0.19) 14.5 (0.39) 16.4 (0.43) 14.2 (0.41)

Married ................................ 100.0 61.7 (0.41) 2.8 (0.11) 11.7 (0.23) 13.0 (0.22) 10.8 (0.23)

Cohabiting .............................. 100.0 58.5 (1.01) 2.7 (0.29) 14.0 (0.67) 13.5 (0.67) 11.3 (0.58)

Divorced or separated ....................... 100.0 67.1 (0.62) 2.0 (0.16) 9.6 (0.36) 11.3 (0.36) 10.0 (0.33)

Widowed ............................... 100.0 86.8 (0.47) 0.8 (0.11) 3.5 (0.25) 3.8 (0.25) 5.1 (0.31)

Geographic region:

Northeast ............................... 100.0 60.5 (0.70) 2.7 (0.19) 11.9 (0.40) 14.0 (0.45) 10.9 (0.39)

Midwest ................................ 100.0 58.1 (0.87) 3.3 (0.19) 13.2 (0.41) 13.4 (0.39) 12.1 (0.41)

South ................................. 100.0 65.8 (0.59) 2.1 (0.11) 10.4 (0.30) 11.8 (0.27) 9.9 (0.27)

West .................................. 100.0 59.8 (0.72) 2.7 (0.15) 11.8 (0.35) 13.6 (0.39) 12.0 (0.39)

Men

Ages 18 years and over (crude)4 .................. 100.0 56.3 (0.45) 3.1 (0.13) 13.8 (0.27) 13.8 (0.25) 12.9 (0.26)

Ages 18 years and over (age-adjusted)4,5 ............ 100.0 56.6 (0.43) 3.1 (0.13) 13.7 (0.27) 13.7 (0.24) 12.9 (0.26)

Age:

18–24 years ............................. 100.0 41.4 (1.13) 3.4 (0.40) 17.3 (0.79) 18.5 (0.85) 19.4 (0.90)

25–44 years ............................. 100.0 49.0 (0.66) 3.8 (0.21) 17.5 (0.46) 16.4 (0.39) 13.2 (0.36)

45–64 years ............................. 100.0 61.2 (0.61) 3.1 (0.23) 11.8 (0.37) 12.3 (0.38) 11.6 (0.38)

65–74 years ............................. 100.0 74.0 (0.95) 1.6 (0.26) 6.5 (0.54) 7.8 (0.54) 10.2 (0.64)

75 years and over.......................... 100.0 83.5 (0.84) 0.9 (0.19) 3.6 (0.43) 4.4 (0.48) 7.6 (0.63)

See footnotes at end of table.
Series 10, No. 245 [ Page 113

Table XIV. Crude percent distributions (with standard errors) of times per week engaged in vigorous leisure-time physical activity for adults

18 years of age and over, by selected characteristics: United States, average annual, 2005–2007—Con.

Times per week engaged in vigorous activity1

Selected characteristic Total None2 Less than 13 1–2 3–4 5 or more

Men—Con. Percent distribution (standard error)

Race:

White, single race .......................... 100.0 55.9 (0.49) 3.2 (0.14) 14.0 (0.31) 13.8 (0.27) 13.1 (0.28)

Black or African American, single race ............. 100.0 59.5 (1.06) 2.7 (0.41) 12.1 (0.64) 14.0 (0.74) 11.7 (0.60)

American Indian or Alaska Native, single race ........ 100.0 65.9 (3.91) *3.6 (1.34) 9.9 (1.91) 8.2 (1.77) 12.4 (3.52)

Asian, single race .......................... 100.0 54.6 (1.58) 2.9 (0.59) 15.4 (1.17) 14.9 (1.20) 12.2 (1.27)

Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander, single race.... 100.0 69.0 (7.72) – † *15.8 (5.53) †

Two or more races ......................... 100.0 52.3 (3.00) 4.7 (1.33) 14.0 (2.23) 15.1 (2.01) 13.9 (2.03)

Black or African American, white ............... 100.0 52.1 (8.10) † *10.8 (4.29) *18.3 (6.40) *15.3 (5.70)

American Indian or Alaska Native, white........... 100.0 58.0 (4.17) *4.3 (1.58) 11.3 (2.87) 13.2 (2.71) 13.2 (2.75)

Hispanic or Latino origin and race:

Hispanic or Latino .......................... 100.0 63.8 (0.83) 2.4 (0.27) 12.5 (0.57) 11.4 (0.55) 9.7 (0.51)

Mexican or Mexican American ................. 100.0 64.0 (1.04) 2.2 (0.32) 13.1 (0.73) 11.6 (0.66) 9.1 (0.58)

Not Hispanic or Latino ....................... 100.0 55.1 (0.49) 3.2 (0.14) 14.0 (0.30) 14.2 (0.27) 13.4 (0.29)

White, single race ........................ 100.0 54.4 (0.54) 3.3 (0.16) 14.2 (0.34) 14.3 (0.31) 13.8 (0.32)

Black or African American, single race ............ 100.0 59.6 (1.08) 2.8 (0.42) 12.2 (0.66) 13.9 (0.76) 11.5 (0.60)

Education:

Less than high school graduate ................. 100.0 75.2 (0.77) 2.1 (0.23) 7.9 (0.46) 6.0 (0.39) 8.8 (0.54)

GED diploma6 ............................ 100.0 63.1 (2.11) 2.5 (0.59) 12.2 (1.26) 8.8 (1.31) 13.4 (1.57)

High school graduate ........................ 100.0 65.5 (0.71) 2.8 (0.23) 11.6 (0.46) 9.7 (0.40) 10.4 (0.41)

Some college—no degree ..................... 100.0 50.1 (0.89) 3.6 (0.31) 16.2 (0.59) 15.6 (0.60) 14.4 (0.60)

Associate of arts degree ...................... 100.0 50.8 (1.16) 3.4 (0.35) 16.1 (0.87) 15.8 (0.84) 14.0 (0.75)

Bachelor of arts, science degree ................. 100.0 40.3 (0.85) 4.2 (0.37) 17.6 (0.65) 21.5 (0.63) 16.3 (0.62)

Masters, doctorate, medical degree ............... 100.0 39.4 (1.04) 3.3 (0.35) 17.4 (0.86) 22.2 (0.89) 17.7 (0.86)

Poverty status:7

Below poverty level ......................... 100.0 67.8 (1.24) 2.2 (0.31) 10.8 (0.64) 8.6 (0.64) 10.7 (0.75)

≥1 and <2 times poverty level .................. 100.0 68.8 (0.90) 2.3 (0.24) 10.0 (0.52) 9.1 (0.53) 9.8 (0.59)

≥2 and <4 times poverty level .................. 100.0 59.2 (0.67) 3.0 (0.22) 13.6 (0.47) 12.4 (0.41) 11.8 (0.44)

4 times poverty level or more ................... 100.0 45.9 (0.59) 3.8 (0.23) 16.3 (0.44) 18.3 (0.40) 15.7 (0.41)

Marital status:

Never married ............................ 100.0 46.8 (0.83) 3.2 (0.27) 15.3 (0.53) 17.7 (0.59) 17.0 (0.62)

Married ................................ 100.0 58.4 (0.53) 3.3 (0.18) 13.9 (0.36) 12.8 (0.29) 11.6 (0.32)

Cohabiting .............................. 100.0 54.2 (1.32) 3.3 (0.45) 15.3 (1.00) 14.0 (0.93) 13.1 (0.87)

Divorced or separated ....................... 100.0 60.6 (0.92) 2.7 (0.31) 10.7 (0.54) 13.4 (0.64) 12.5 (0.59)

Widowed ............................... 100.0 82.4 (1.17) 1.0 (0.27) 4.3 (0.61) 4.9 (0.63) 7.3 (0.85)

Geographic region:

Northeast ............................... 100.0 54.1 (0.91) 3.5 (0.31) 14.6 (0.64) 15.2 (0.66) 12.6 (0.58)

Midwest ................................ 100.0 53.2 (1.04) 4.0 (0.33) 14.8 (0.61) 13.8 (0.50) 14.3 (0.57)

South ................................. 100.0 60.3 (0.75) 2.4 (0.19) 12.7 (0.45) 12.9 (0.39) 11.8 (0.40)

West .................................. 100.0 55.0 (0.91) 3.1 (0.24) 13.9 (0.54) 14.4 (0.52) 13.6 (0.58)

Women

Ages 18 years and over (crude)4 .................. 100.0 66.7 (0.39) 2.1 (0.09) 9.7 (0.20) 12.1 (0.23) 9.3 (0.20)

Ages 18 years and over (age-adjusted)4,5 ............ 100.0 66.1 (0.39) 2.2 (0.09) 9.9 (0.20) 12.4 (0.23) 9.4 (0.20)

Age:

18–24 years ............................. 100.0 56.1 (1.09) 3.2 (0.33) 14.2 (0.77) 14.9 (0.72) 11.6 (0.65)

25–44 years ............................. 100.0 59.3 (0.56) 2.7 (0.16) 12.1 (0.32) 15.9 (0.41) 10.1 (0.30)

45–64 years ............................. 100.0 68.0 (0.60) 2.0 (0.14) 8.9 (0.34) 11.1 (0.34) 10.0 (0.35)

65–74 years ............................. 100.0 82.1 (0.71) 0.8 (0.15) 3.8 (0.35) 6.6 (0.48) 6.7 (0.46)

75 years and over.......................... 100.0 91.6 (0.51) 0.6 (0.15) 2.0 (0.23) 2.7 (0.29) 3.1 (0.31)

Race:

White, single race .......................... 100.0 65.4 (0.44) 2.2 (0.10) 9.9 (0.22) 12.8 (0.26) 9.7 (0.23)

Black or African American, single race ............. 100.0 75.1 (0.71) 1.9 (0.19) 8.3 (0.44) 8.5 (0.40) 6.2 (0.36)

American Indian or Alaska Native, single race ........ 100.0 72.9 (3.08) *1.4 (0.62) 8.2 (1.55) 7.1 (1.64) 10.5 (2.29)

Asian, single race .......................... 100.0 69.4 (1.35) 2.6 (0.42) 9.1 (0.81) 9.4 (0.80) 9.5 (0.78)

Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander, single race.... 100.0 63.6 (7.87) – † *21.7 (7.22) †

Two or more races ......................... 100.0 59.5 (2.92) *2.1 (0.76) 10.5 (1.48) 15.1 (2.49) 12.9 (1.72)

Black or African American, white ............... 100.0 62.4 (5.98) † *13.3 (4.15) *13.8 (4.17) *8.5 (3.33)

American Indian or Alaska Native, white........... 100.0 66.5 (3.85) † 8.0 (2.06) 10.8 (2.59) 13.8 (3.01)

See footnotes at end of table.
Page 114 [ Series 10, No. 245

Table XIV. Crude percent distributions (with standard errors) of times per week engaged in vigorous leisure-time physical activity for adults

18 years of age and over, by selected characteristics: United States, average annual, 2005–2007—Con.

Times per week engaged in vigorous activity1

Selected characteristic Total None2 Less than 13 1–2 3–4 5 or more

Women—Con. Percent distribution (standard error)

Hispanic or Latino origin and race:

Hispanic or Latino .......................... 100.0 76.4 (0.71) 1.5 (0.18) 6.9 (0.38) 8.0 (0.46) 7.2 (0.40)

Mexican or Mexican American ................. 100.0 76.0 (0.97) 1.7 (0.25) 7.6 (0.51) 7.8 (0.64) 6.9 (0.51)

Not Hispanic or Latino ....................... 100.0 65.4 (0.42) 2.2 (0.10) 10.1 (0.22) 12.7 (0.25) 9.6 (0.22)

White, single race ........................ 100.0 63.5 (0.48) 2.3 (0.12) 10.4 (0.25) 13.6 (0.28) 10.2 (0.26)

Black or African American, single race ............ 100.0 75.0 (0.72) 1.9 (0.19) 8.4 (0.45) 8.6 (0.41) 6.1 (0.36)

Education:

Less than high school graduate ................. 100.0 86.1 (0.49) 0.9 (0.14) 4.4 (0.29) 3.7 (0.27) 5.0 (0.31)

GED diploma6 ............................ 100.0 79.2 (1.52) 1.7 (0.47) 6.8 (0.86) 5.0 (0.75) 7.3 (0.99)

High school graduate ........................ 100.0 76.2 (0.58) 1.5 (0.13) 7.7 (0.33) 7.6 (0.40) 7.1 (0.31)

Some college—no degree ..................... 100.0 61.2 (0.75) 2.7 (0.23) 11.5 (0.51) 14.2 (0.50) 10.3 (0.44)

Associate of arts degree ...................... 100.0 61.5 (0.92) 2.8 (0.30) 11.1 (0.57) 13.7 (0.69) 11.0 (0.60)

Bachelor of arts, science degree ................. 100.0 50.0 (0.80) 2.9 (0.23) 13.7 (0.54) 20.8 (0.60) 12.6 (0.49)

Masters, doctorate, medical degree ............... 100.0 46.6 (1.08) 3.2 (0.35) 13.5 (0.69) 21.6 (0.85) 15.2 (0.82)

Poverty status:7

Below poverty level ......................... 100.0 78.2 (0.87) 1.4 (0.17) 7.3 (0.48) 6.3 (0.42) 6.8 (0.41)

≥1 and <2 times poverty level .................. 100.0 77.7 (0.60) 1.5 (0.16) 6.8 (0.33) 7.0 (0.37) 6.9 (0.34)

≥2 and <4 times poverty level .................. 100.0 68.1 (0.61) 2.1 (0.17) 9.9 (0.35) 11.2 (0.42) 8.7 (0.34)

4 times poverty level or more ................... 100.0 55.2 (0.63) 2.7 (0.18) 12.0 (0.36) 17.9 (0.44) 12.1 (0.38)

Marital status:

Never married ............................ 100.0 57.9 (0.87) 2.9 (0.24) 13.5 (0.60) 14.8 (0.55) 10.9 (0.48)

Married ................................ 100.0 65.0 (0.48) 2.3 (0.13) 9.5 (0.25) 13.3 (0.31) 10.0 (0.28)

Cohabiting .............................. 100.0 63.2 (1.38) 2.1 (0.36) 12.6 (0.88) 12.9 (1.01) 9.2 (0.74)

Divorced or separated ....................... 100.0 71.6 (0.73) 1.6 (0.17) 8.8 (0.47) 9.8 (0.39) 8.2 (0.37)

Widowed ............................... 100.0 87.8 (0.50) 0.7 (0.12) 3.3 (0.27) 3.6 (0.27) 4.5 (0.31)

Geographic region:

Northeast ............................... 100.0 66.1 (0.83) 2.0 (0.23) 9.6 (0.46) 13.0 (0.53) 9.4 (0.46)

Midwest ................................ 100.0 62.7 (0.92) 2.6 (0.21) 11.7 (0.46) 12.9 (0.50) 10.0 (0.46)

South ................................. 100.0 70.9 (0.63) 1.8 (0.13) 8.3 (0.32) 10.9 (0.36) 8.1 (0.30)

West .................................. 100.0 64.6 (0.77) 2.3 (0.20) 9.8 (0.39) 12.8 (0.48) 10.5 (0.43)

– Quantity zero.
 

* Estimates preceded by an asterisk have a relative standard error of greater than 30% and less than or equal to 50%. These should be interpreted with caution as they do not meet the standard of
 

reliability or precision.
 

† Estimates with a relative standard error greater than 50% are indicated with a dagger, but are not shown.
 

1

Vigorous activity refers to leisure-time physical activities that cause heavy sweating or large increases in breathing or heart rate and are done for at least 10 minutes per episode.
 

2

‘‘None’’ may include individuals who engaged in only light-moderate activity.
 

3

‘‘Less than 1’’ refers to frequencies of vigorous activities lasting 10 minutes per episode that occurred less than one time per week (for example, three times per month).
 

4

Persons of other races and unknown race and ethnicity, unknown education, unknown poverty status, and unknown marital status are included in the total.
 

5

Estimates are age adjusted using the projected 2000 U.S. population as the standard population and using three age groups: 18–44 years, 45–64 years, and 65 years and over.
 

6

GED is General Educational Development high school equivalency diploma.
 

7

Poverty status is based on family income and family size using the U.S. Census Bureau poverty thresholds for 2004, 2005, and 2006.
 

NOTES: For age-adjusted percent distributions, refer to Table 5.3. Denominator for each percent distribution excludes persons with unknown vigorous leisure-time physical activity status. See Appendix

II for definitions of terms. See Appendix III for health behavior questions.

DATA SOURCE: National Health Interview Survey, 2005–2007. Estimates are based on household interviews of a sample of the civilian noninstitutionalized population.
Series 10, No. 245 [ Page 115

Table XV. Crude percentages (with standard errors) of adults 18 years of age and over who engaged in regular leisure-time physical activity,

by type of activity and selected characteristics: United States, average annual, 2005–2007

Regular activity1

Selected characteristic Light-moderate Vigorous Any

Both sexes Percent (standard error)

Ages 18 years and over (crude)2 .................. 14.1 (0.20) 22.3 (0.25) 30.6 (0.29)

Ages 18 years and over (age-adjusted)2,3 ............ 14.1 (0.20) 22.4 (0.25) 30.7 (0.29)

Age:

18–24 years ............................. 15.9 (0.54) 30.2 (0.75) 37.5 (0.76)

25–44 years ............................. 13.2 (0.28) 26.1 (0.36) 33.0 (0.40)

45–64 years ............................. 14.4 (0.30) 20.8 (0.38) 29.5 (0.43)

65–74 years ............................. 15.6 (0.56) 13.9 (0.52) 25.4 (0.67)

75 years and over.......................... 12.5 (0.51) 7.0 (0.37) 17.4 (0.60)

Race:

White, single race . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14.7 (0.22) 23.0 (0.28) 31.6 (0.32)

Black or African American, single race ............. 10.0 (0.37) 17.8 (0.52) 23.8 (0.57)

American Indian or Alaska Native, single race ........ 15.1 (1.99) 17.6 (2.19) 27.2 (2.40)

Asian, single race . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13.3 (0.80) 21.0 (0.86) 29.7 (0.97)

Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander, single race.... *13.1 (4.29) 27.2 (5.66) 32.0 (6.18)

Two or more races ......................... 14.8 (1.68) 25.4 (1.85) 31.4 (1.89)

Black or African American, white ............... 14.1 (3.35) 25.7 (4.44) 32.4 (4.74)

American Indian or Alaska Native, white........... 13.0 (1.88) 21.7 (2.54) 27.3 (2.57)

Hispanic or Latino origin and race:

Hispanic or Latino .......................... 10.2 (0.34) 16.8 (0.47) 23.3 (0.51)

Mexican or Mexican American . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10.4 (0.43) 16.4 (0.61) 23.2 (0.66)

Not Hispanic or Latino ....................... 14.7 (0.22) 23.2 (0.28) 31.7 (0.32)

White, single race ........................ 15.5 (0.25) 24.2 (0.32) 33.1 (0.36)

Black or African American, single race ............ 10.0 (0.38) 17.7 (0.53) 23.6 (0.58)

Education:

Less than high school graduate ................. 10.0 (0.35) 10.2 (0.36) 17.2 (0.46)

GED diploma4 ............................ 12.3 (0.99) 14.9 (1.09) 21.8 (1.19)

High school graduate ........................ 12.0 (0.32) 15.6 (0.35) 23.5 (0.43)

Some college—no degree ..................... 15.2 (0.39) 25.2 (0.53) 33.5 (0.55)

Associate of arts degree ...................... 16.5 (0.55) 25.0 (0.65) 34.4 (0.72)

Bachelor of arts, science degree ................. 17.0 (0.46) 33.9 (0.57) 42.9 (0.61)

Masters, doctorate, medical degree ............... 18.6 (0.57) 37.0 (0.73) 46.6 (0.75)

Poverty status:5

Below poverty level ......................... 11.2 (0.42) 14.0 (0.68) 21.1 (0.70)

≥1 and <2 times poverty level .................. 12.5 (0.35) 14.4 (0.47) 22.6 (0.52)

≥2 and <4 times poverty level .................. 13.8 (0.33) 20.2 (0.37) 28.6 (0.42)

4 times poverty level or more ................... 16.0 (0.30) 30.5 (0.39) 39.1 (0.41)

Marital status:

Never married ............................ 14.7 (0.39) 28.9 (0.55) 36.1 (0.57)

Married ................................ 14.3 (0.25) 22.1 (0.32) 30.7 (0.36)

Cohabiting .............................. 15.2 (0.68) 22.7 (0.78) 31.3 (0.90)

Divorced or separated ....................... 12.8 (0.37) 19.7 (0.46) 27.6 (0.52)

Widowed ............................... 11.6 (0.50) 7.8 (0.38) 16.9 (0.57)

Geographic region:

Northeast ............................... 13.6 (0.40) 23.4 (0.57) 31.9 (0.61)

Midwest . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14.7 (0.44) 23.6 (0.56) 31.9 (0.66)

South ................................. 12.6 (0.33) 20.1 (0.41) 27.4 (0.48)

West . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16.3 (0.44) 23.9 (0.54) 33.6 (0.58)

Men

Ages 18 years and over (crude)2 .................. 14.4 (0.27) 24.9 (0.34) 32.7 (0.38)

Ages 18 years and over (age-adjusted)2,3 ............ 14.5 (0.27) 24.7 (0.33) 32.6 (0.38)

Age:

18–24 years ............................. 17.0 (0.81) 35.5 (1.13) 42.3 (1.12)

25–44 years ............................. 13.0 (0.40) 27.7 (0.49) 34.0 (0.54)

45–64 years ............................. 14.0 (0.40) 22.2 (0.51) 30.4 (0.56)

65–74 years ............................. 17.3 (0.81) 16.1 (0.78) 28.2 (0.96)

75 years and over.......................... 15.7 (0.88) 10.4 (0.72) 22.5 (0.99)

See footnotes at end of table.
Page 116 [ Series 10, No. 245

Table XV. Crude percentages (with standard errors) of adults 18 years of age and over who engaged in regular leisure-time physical activity,

by type of activity and selected characteristics: United States, average annual, 2005–2007—Con.

Regular activity1

Selected characteristic Light-moderate Vigorous Any

Men—Con. Percent (standard error)

Race:

White, single race . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14.9 (0.30) 25.1 (0.38) 33.2 (0.42)

Black or African American, single race ............. 11.3 (0.62) 23.5 (0.90) 29.5 (0.95)

American Indian or Alaska Native, single race ........ 18.0 (3.14) 19.3 (3.66) 28.8 (3.80)

Asian, single race . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13.0 (1.21) 24.5 (1.32) 32.9 (1.42)

Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander, single race.... *9.1 (4.21) 23.3 (6.68) 23.3 (6.68)

Two or more races ......................... 13.3 (1.87) 25.3 (2.53) 31.6 (2.67)

Black or African American, white ............... 21.8 (6.52) 33.6 (7.74) 43.1 (8.07)

American Indian or Alaska Native, white........... 10.0 (2.11) 22.2 (3.44) 26.8 (3.52)

Hispanic or Latino origin and race:

Hispanic or Latino .......................... 10.0 (0.48) 19.5 (0.67) 25.2 (0.71)

Mexican or Mexican American . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9.6 (0.56) 18.8 (0.78) 24.4 (0.84)

Not Hispanic or Latino ....................... 15.1 (0.30) 25.8 (0.38) 33.9 (0.42)

White, single race ........................ 15.8 (0.34) 26.3 (0.43) 34.8 (0.47)

Black or African American, single race ............ 11.2 (0.64) 23.2 (0.91) 29.1 (0.97)

Education:

Less than high school graduate ................. 10.9 (0.56) 13.1 (0.60) 19.9 (0.74)

GED diploma4 ............................ 14.3 (1.66) 19.0 (1.83) 26.1 (1.97)

High school graduate ........................ 12.2 (0.46) 18.2 (0.54) 25.4 (0.63)

Some college—no degree ..................... 15.3 (0.59) 28.0 (0.82) 35.5 (0.85)

Associate of arts degree ...................... 17.1 (0.84) 27.8 (1.00) 37.1 (1.06)

Bachelor of arts, science degree ................. 17.0 (0.63) 35.9 (0.78) 44.5 (0.82)

Masters, doctorate, medical degree ............... 18.1 (0.81) 38.3 (1.03) 47.5 (1.07)

Poverty status:5

Below poverty level ......................... 12.1 (0.74) 17.4 (1.08) 24.4 (1.13)

≥1 and <2 times poverty level .................. 13.2 (0.54) 16.9 (0.79) 24.8 (0.82)

≥2 and <4 times poverty level .................. 14.0 (0.46) 22.3 (0.55) 30.0 (0.59)

4 times poverty level or more ................... 15.8 (0.41) 32.2 (0.52) 40.2 (0.55)

Marital status:

Never married ............................ 15.8 (0.53) 32.8 (0.78) 39.9 (0.78)

Married ................................ 13.9 (0.36) 22.6 (0.41) 30.6 (0.47)

Cohabiting .............................. 15.2 (0.96) 25.0 (1.13) 32.8 (1.29)

Divorced or separated ....................... 13.7 (0.58) 24.1 (0.79) 31.9 (0.83)

Widowed ............................... 13.5 (1.05) 10.4 (0.97) 20.8 (1.30)

Geographic region:

Northeast ............................... 13.8 (0.60) 26.3 (0.86) 34.3 (0.94)

Midwest . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15.1 (0.60) 26.0 (0.71) 33.9 (0.82)

South ................................. 13.2 (0.47) 22.8 (0.53) 29.8 (0.62)

West . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16.1 (0.54) 25.9 (0.74) 35.0 (0.75)

Women

Ages 18 years and over (crude)2 .................. 13.8 (0.24) 20.0 (0.30) 28.7 (0.35)

Ages 18 years and over (age-adjusted)2,3 ............ 13.8 (0.24) 20.3 (0.30) 28.9 (0.35)

Age:

18–24 years ............................. 14.7 (0.70) 24.9 (0.87) 32.9 (0.95)

25–44 years ............................. 13.4 (0.36) 24.4 (0.47) 32.1 (0.51)

45–64 years ............................. 14.7 (0.38) 19.5 (0.47) 28.7 (0.53)

65–74 years ............................. 14.2 (0.70) 12.1 (0.62) 23.0 (0.84)

75 years and over.......................... 10.4 (0.59) 4.8 (0.38) 14.0 (0.68)

Race:

White, single race . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14.6 (0.28) 21.1 (0.34) 30.2 (0.39)

Black or African American, single race ............. 8.8 (0.42) 13.1 (0.50) 19.2 (0.60)

American Indian or Alaska Native, single race ........ 12.2 (2.00) 15.8 (2.57) 25.7 (2.81)

Asian, single race . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13.5 (1.01) 17.6 (1.11) 26.7 (1.28)

Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander, single race.... *17.6 (7.65) 31.6 (8.57) 42.1 (9.56)

Two or more races ......................... 16.3 (2.63) 25.4 (2.57) 31.2 (2.59)

Black or African American, white ............... *8.8 (3.45) 20.3 (5.24) 25.0 (5.71)

American Indian or Alaska Native, white........... 16.4 (3.11) 21.2 (3.46) 27.9 (3.60)

See footnotes at end of table.
Series 10, No. 245 [ Page 117

Table XV. Crude percentages (with standard errors) of adults 18 years of age and over who engaged in regular leisure-time physical activity,

by type of activity and selected characteristics: United States, average annual, 2005–2007—Con.

Regular activity1

Selected characteristic Light-moderate Vigorous Any

Women—Con. Percent (standard error)

Hispanic or Latino origin and race:

Hispanic or Latino .......................... 10.3 (0.46) 14.0 (0.57) 21.3 (0.65)

Mexican or Mexican American ................. 11.2 (0.61) 13.7 (0.78) 21.8 (0.89)

Not Hispanic or Latino ....................... 14.3 (0.27) 20.8 (0.33) 29.7 (0.38)

White, single race ........................ 15.2 (0.31) 22.2 (0.38) 31.6 (0.44)

Black or African American, single race ............ 8.9 (0.43) 13.2 (0.51) 19.2 (0.61)

Education:

Less than high school graduate ................. 9.1 (0.42) 7.3 (0.37) 14.5 (0.50)

GED diploma4 ............................ 10.2 (1.08) 10.5 (1.09) 17.3 (1.35)

High school graduate ........................ 11.8 (0.41) 13.2 (0.44) 21.8 (0.55)

Some college—no degree ..................... 15.0 (0.49) 22.8 (0.59) 31.7 (0.66)

Associate of arts degree ...................... 16.1 (0.69) 22.9 (0.80) 32.3 (0.91)

Bachelor of arts, science degree ................. 16.9 (0.58) 32.0 (0.74) 41.2 (0.79)

Masters, doctorate, medical degree ............... 19.1 (0.86) 35.7 (1.02) 45.7 (1.03)

Poverty status:5

Below poverty level ......................... 10.5 (0.47) 11.6 (0.60) 18.8 (0.67)

≥1 and <2 times poverty level .................. 11.9 (0.45) 12.5 (0.48) 20.7 (0.57)

≥2 and <4 times poverty level .................. 13.6 (0.43) 18.3 (0.48) 27.2 (0.56)

4 times poverty level or more ................... 16.3 (0.41) 28.7 (0.53) 38.0 (0.57)

Marital status:

Never married ............................ 13.4 (0.54) 24.2 (0.68) 31.5 (0.76)

Married ................................ 14.7 (0.33) 21.7 (0.42) 30.8 (0.47)

Cohabiting .............................. 15.1 (0.95) 20.3 (1.06) 29.7 (1.22)

Divorced or separated ....................... 12.1 (0.48) 16.7 (0.51) 24.7 (0.61)

Widowed ............................... 11.1 (0.54) 7.2 (0.40) 16.0 (0.61)

Geographic region:

Northeast ............................... 13.5 (0.57) 20.9 (0.64) 29.7 (0.75)

Midwest ................................ 14.4 (0.51) 21.2 (0.67) 30.1 (0.78)

South ................................. 12.2 (0.37) 17.6 (0.50) 25.2 (0.57)

West .................................. 16.4 (0.58) 21.8 (0.60) 32.2 (0.71)

* Estimates preceded by an asterisk have a relative standard error of greater than 30% and less than or equal to 50%. These should be interpreted with caution as they do not meet the standard of
 

reliability or precision.
 

1

Regular leisure-time physical activity: ‘‘Regular light-moderate’’ — engaged in light-moderate activity at least 5 times per week for at least 30 minutes each time; ‘‘Regular vigorous’’ — engaged in
 

vigorous activity at least 3 times per week for at least 20 minutes each time; ‘‘Any regular’’ — engaged in activity that met either criterion or both criteria. Estimates for ‘‘any regular’’ are identical to
 

those shown in table XII.
 

2

Persons of other races and unknown race and ethnicity, unknown education, unknown poverty status, and unknown marital status are included in the total.
 

3

Estimates are age adjusted using the projected 2000 U.S. population as the standard population and using three age groups: 18–44 years, 45–64 years, and 65 years and over.
 

4

GED is General Educational Development high school equivalency diploma.
 

5

Poverty status is based on family income and family size using the U.S. Census Bureau poverty thresholds for 2004, 2005, and 2006.
 

NOTES: For age-adjusted percentages, refer to Table 5.4. Denominator for each percentage excludes persons with unknown leisure-time physical activity status. See Appendix II definitions of terms.
 

See Appendix III for health behavior questions.
 

DATA SOURCE: National Health Interview Survey, 2005–2007. Estimates are based on household interviews of a sample of the civilian noninstitutionalized population.
 
Page 118 [ Series 10, No. 245

Table XVI. Crude percentages (with standard errors) of adults 18 years of age and over who engaged in any leisure-time strengthening

activities, by selected characteristics: United States, average annual, 2005–2007

Engaged in any strengthening activities1

Selected characteristic Both sexes Men Women

Percent (standard error)

Ages 18 years and over (crude)2 ................................ 24.0 (0.28) 27.5 (0.37) 20.8 (0.30)

Ages 18 years and over (age-adjusted)2,3 ........................... 24.2 (0.27) 27.4 (0.35) 21.1 (0.30)

Age

18–24 years ............................................. 35.0 (0.81) 44.0 (1.19) 26.2 (0.89)

25–44 years ............................................. 27.5 (0.38) 31.3 (0.53) 23.7 (0.45)

45–64 years ............................................. 21.4 (0.39) 22.1 (0.49) 20.7 (0.48)

65–74 years ............................................. 14.8 (0.54) 14.9 (0.72) 14.8 (0.75)

75 years and over ......................................... 10.6 (0.47) 13.7 (0.83) 8.6 (0.49)

Race

White, single race. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24.4 (0.30) 26.9 (0.40) 22.0 (0.34)

Black or African American, single race ............................. 21.8 (0.59) 30.9 (0.97) 14.4 (0.54)

American Indian or Alaska Native, single race ........................ 20.9 (2.00) 24.6 (2.96) 17.2 (2.74)

Asian, single race .......................................... 21.8 (0.86) 27.3 (1.35) 16.7 (1.02)

Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander, single race ................... 31.6 (5.26) 38.6 (8.83) *23.8 (7.39)

Two or more races ......................................... 31.9 (2.05) 37.0 (2.85) 27.0 (2.74)

Black or African American, white ............................... 34.7 (4.49) 41.7 (7.99) 30.1 (5.45)

American Indian or Alaska Native, white .......................... 23.8 (2.48) 29.2 (3.74) 17.5 (2.89)

Hispanic or Latino origin and race

Hispanic or Latino.......................................... 18.3 (0.47) 23.3 (0.69) 13.0 (0.55)

Mexican or Mexican American. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17.9 (0.60) 22.9 (0.87) 12.3 (0.72)

Not Hispanic or Latino ....................................... 24.9 (0.30) 28.1 (0.40) 21.9 (0.33)

White, single race ........................................ 25.5 (0.33) 27.7 (0.44) 23.5 (0.37)

Black or African American, single race............................ 21.7 (0.60) 30.8 (0.98) 14.4 (0.55)

Education

Less than high school graduate ................................. 11.2 (0.38) 14.8 (0.62) 7.8 (0.41)

GED diploma4 ............................................ 14.5 (0.97) 18.5 (1.61) 10.2 (1.13)

High school graduate........................................ 16.7 (0.38) 19.7 (0.59) 13.9 (0.45)

Some college—no degree..................................... 28.4 (0.58) 33.9 (0.90) 23.5 (0.61)

Associate of arts degree...................................... 27.4 (0.67) 30.5 (1.01) 24.9 (0.80)

Bachelor of arts, science degree................................. 35.7 (0.54) 38.8 (0.76) 32.6 (0.73)

Masters, doctorate, medical degree ............................... 38.9 (0.77) 39.7 (1.07) 38.0 (1.05)

Poverty status5

Below poverty level ......................................... 16.5 (0.75) 23.0 (1.26) 11.9 (0.62)

≥1 and <2 times poverty level .................................. 16.0 (0.41) 19.5 (0.68) 13.0 (0.47)

≥2 and <4 times poverty level .................................. 21.6 (0.43) 24.7 (0.59) 18.8 (0.49)

4 times poverty level or more................................... 32.3 (0.43) 34.1 (0.55) 30.3 (0.55)

Marital status

Never married ............................................ 33.3 (0.62) 39.5 (0.83) 25.9 (0.73)

Married ................................................ 22.7 (0.32) 23.6 (0.40) 21.7 (0.41)

Cohabiting .............................................. 24.3 (0.82) 27.1 (1.21) 21.2 (1.05)

Divorced or separated ....................................... 21.4 (0.48) 26.2 (0.82) 18.1 (0.54)

Widowed ............................................... 11.2 (0.45) 14.8 (1.07) 10.3 (0.49)

Geographic region

Northeast ............................................... 24.8 (0.63) 27.9 (0.85) 22.0 (0.68)

Midwest ................................................ 26.4 (0.64) 29.4 (0.82) 23.5 (0.67)

South ................................................. 21.5 (0.45) 25.6 (0.59) 17.8 (0.51)

West .................................................. 25.2 (0.51) 28.2 (0.76) 22.2 (0.55)

* Estimates preceded by an asterisk have a relative standard error of greater than 30% and less than or equal to 50%. These should be interpreted with caution as they do not meet the standard of
 

reliability or precision.
 

1

Strengthening activities include leisure-time physical activities specifically designed to strengthen muscles such as weight lifting or calisthenics. No minimum duration imposed when asking frequency
 

and no duration question was asked.
 

2

Persons of other races and unknown race and ethnicity, unknown education, unknown poverty status, and unknown marital status are included in the total.
 

3

Estimates are age adjusted using the projected 2000 U.S. population as the standard population and using three age groups: 18–44 years, 45–64 years, and 65 years and over.
 

4

GED is General Educational Development high school equivalency diploma.
 

5

Poverty status is based on family income and family size using the U.S. Census Bureau poverty thresholds for 2004, 2005, and 2006.
 

NOTES: For age-adjusted percentages, refer to Table 5.5. Denominator for each percentage excludes persons with unknown leisure-time strengthening activity status. See Appendix II for definitions of

terms. See Appendix III for health behavior questions.

DATA SOURCE: National Health Interview Survey, 2005–2007. Estimates are based on household interviews of a sample of the civilian noninstitutionalized population.
Series 10, No. 245 [ Page 119

Table XVII. Crude percentages (with standard errors) of adults 18 years of age and over who were overweight, by selected characteristics:

United States, average annual, 2005–2007

Overweight (BMI of 25 or more)1

Selected characteristic Both sexes Men Women

Percent (standard error)

Ages 18 years and over (crude)2 .................. 60.8 (0.25) 68.3 (0.33) 53.5 (0.34)

Ages 18 years and over (age-adjusted)2,3 ............ 60.4 (0.25) 67.9 (0.33) 53.0 (0.34)

Age

18–24 years ............................... 41.8 (0.72) 46.6 (1.05) 37.0 (0.97)

25–44 years ............................... 60.9 (0.37) 70.1 (0.49) 51.4 (0.52)

45–64 years ............................... 68.2 (0.36) 75.8 (0.49) 60.6 (0.53)

65–74 years ............................... 67.0 (0.65) 71.8 (0.89) 62.8 (0.95)

75 years and over ........................... 53.3 (0.73) 58.2 (1.13) 50.0 (0.92)

Race

White, single race ........................... 60.7 (0.28) 69.3 (0.37) 52.3 (0.39)

Black or African American, single race............... 69.1 (0.55) 69.2 (0.88) 69.0 (0.69)

American Indian or Alaska Native, single race .......... 69.6 (2.33) 71.7 (3.64) 67.4 (3.07)

Asian, single race ........................... 37.2 (1.05) 46.7 (1.50) 28.0 (1.35)

Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander, single race ..... 67.9 (5.23) 77.0 (7.58) 57.6 (8.16)

Two or more races ........................... 64.7 (1.96) 72.2 (2.44) 57.1 (2.89)

Black or African American, white ................. 58.6 (4.77) 56.5 (8.08) 60.1 (6.18)

American Indian or Alaska Native, white ............ 70.8 (2.57) 77.1 (3.10) 63.2 (4.23)

Hispanic or Latino origin and race

Hispanic or Latino ........................... 66.4 (0.54) 71.3 (0.77) 61.1 (0.73)

Mexican or Mexican American .................. 67.4 (0.68) 71.4 (0.94) 62.7 (0.94)

Not Hispanic or Latino......................... 60.0 (0.27) 67.9 (0.36) 52.5 (0.36)

White, single race .......................... 59.8 (0.30) 69.0 (0.40) 50.9 (0.42)

Black or African American, single race ............. 69.1 (0.56) 69.1 (0.89) 69.1 (0.70)

Education

Less than high school graduate ................... 64.2 (0.53) 65.6 (0.78) 62.7 (0.73)

GED diploma4

.............................. 68.2 (1.35) 71.0 (1.83) 65.1 (1.91)

High school graduate ......................... 63.3 (0.47) 69.3 (0.61) 57.5 (0.63)

Some college—no degree ...................... 60.0 (0.58) 67.8 (0.81) 52.9 (0.75)

Associate of arts degree ....................... 64.6 (0.68) 74.4 (0.98) 56.7 (0.92)

Bachelor of arts, science degree .................. 55.4 (0.55) 68.7 (0.77) 41.9 (0.74)

Masters, doctorate, medical degree ................ 53.5 (0.75) 64.6 (1.04) 41.2 (1.06)

Poverty status5

Below poverty level .......................... 59.4 (0.73) 59.5 (1.10) 59.3 (0.86)

≥1 and <2 times poverty level .................... 61.5 (0.56) 64.5 (0.91) 58.9 (0.65)

≥2 and <4 times poverty level .................... 61.7 (0.46) 69.1 (0.57) 54.4 (0.69)

4 times poverty level or more .................... 60.2 (0.39) 71.6 (0.53) 47.6 (0.62)

Marital status

Never married.............................. 50.8 (0.56) 54.3 (0.74) 46.4 (0.81)

Married .................................. 64.3 (0.31) 74.1 (0.39) 53.9 (0.45)

Cohabiting ................................ 58.9 (0.92) 66.1 (1.26) 50.8 (1.31)

Divorced or separated......................... 64.1 (0.55) 69.8 (0.79) 60.1 (0.70)

Widowed ................................. 58.0 (0.68) 60.5 (1.53) 57.3 (0.77)

Geographic region

Northeast ................................ 58.8 (0.62) 67.8 (0.83) 50.5 (0.80)

Midwest ................................. 61.8 (0.53) 69.4 (0.67) 54.4 (0.77)

South ................................... 62.2 (0.40) 69.0 (0.54) 55.7 (0.56)

West ................................... 58.9 (0.53) 66.5 (0.72) 51.2 (0.67)

1

Body Mass Index (BMI) is calculated as kilograms/meters2, using self-reported height and weight. Overweight is a BMI greater than or equal to 25, which includes obese.
 

2

Persons of other races and unknown race and ethnicity, unknown education, unknown poverty status, and unknown marital status are included in the total.
 

3

Estimates are age adjusted using the projected 2000 U.S. population as the standard population and using three age groups: 18–44 years, 45–64 years, and 65 years and over.
 

4

GED is General Educational Development high school equivalency diploma.
 

5

Poverty status is based on family income and family size using the U.S. Census Bureau poverty thresholds for 2004, 2005, and 2006.
 

NOTES: For age-adjusted percentages, refer to Table 6.1. Denominator for each percentage excludes persons with unknown body mass index. See Appendix II for definitions of terms. See Appendix
 

III for health behavior questions.
 

DATA SOURCE: National Health Interview Survey, 2005–2007. Estimates are based on household interviews of a sample of the civilian noninstitutionalized population.
 
Page 120 [ Series 10, No. 245

Table XVIII. Crude percent distributions (with standard errors) of body weight status for adults 18 years of age and over, by selected

characteristics: United States, average annual, 2005–2007

Body weight status1

Not overweight Overweight

Healthy Overweight

Selected characteristic Total Underweight weight (but not obese) Obese

Both sexes Percent distribution (standard error)

Ages 18 years and over (crude)2 .................. 100.0 1.9 (0.07) 37.3 (0.25) 35.2 (0.22) 25.6 (0.22)

Ages 18 years and over (age-adjusted)2,3 ............ 100.0 1.9 (0.07) 37.7 (0.25) 35.0 (0.22) 25.4 (0.22)

Age:

18–24 years ............................. 100.0 3.8 (0.31) 54.3 (0.73) 25.8 (0.63) 16.0 (0.52)

25–44 years ............................. 100.0 1.6 (0.09) 37.5 (0.37) 34.8 (0.34) 26.1 (0.34)

45–64 years ............................. 100.0 1.1 (0.09) 30.7 (0.36) 37.9 (0.39) 30.3 (0.39)

65–74 years ............................. 100.0 1.4 (0.16) 31.5 (0.65) 39.6 (0.66) 27.5 (0.62)

75 years and over.......................... 100.0 3.6 (0.27) 43.1 (0.71) 36.1 (0.65) 17.2 (0.52)

Race:

White, single race .......................... 100.0 1.8 (0.08) 37.5 (0.27) 35.6 (0.25) 25.1 (0.24)

Black or African American, single race ............. 100.0 1.4 (0.14) 29.6 (0.55) 34.7 (0.53) 34.3 (0.58)

American Indian or Alaska Native, single race ........ 100.0 *0.9 (0.39) 29.5 (2.37) 36.3 (2.13) 33.3 (2.39)

Asian, single race .......................... 100.0 5.0 (0.54) 57.9 (1.04) 28.4 (0.95) 8.7 (0.58)

Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander, single race.... 100.0 † 29.0 (5.20) 36.3 (6.43) 31.6 (6.77)

Two or more races ......................... 100.0 1.3 (0.36) 34.0 (1.92) 34.6 (1.91) 30.2 (1.85)

Black or African American, white ............... 100.0 † 40.0 (4.79) 40.6 (4.80) 18.0 (3.38)

American Indian or Alaska Native, white........... 100.0 *1.2 (0.50) 28.0 (2.50) 35.5 (2.63) 35.3 (2.69)

Hispanic or Latino origin and race:

Hispanic or Latino .......................... 100.0 1.2 (0.12) 32.3 (0.53) 39.2 (0.55) 27.2 (0.52)

Mexican or Mexican American ................. 100.0 1.2 (0.16) 31.5 (0.66) 38.5 (0.68) 28.8 (0.67)

Not Hispanic or Latino ....................... 100.0 2.0 (0.08) 38.1 (0.27) 34.6 (0.24) 25.4 (0.24)

White, single race ........................ 100.0 1.9 (0.09) 38.3 (0.30) 35.1 (0.27) 24.7 (0.26)

Black or African American, single race ............ 100.0 1.4 (0.14) 29.5 (0.56) 34.3 (0.54) 34.8 (0.59)

Education:

Less than high school graduate ................. 100.0 2.3 (0.24) 33.5 (0.52) 35.0 (0.51) 29.1 (0.50)

GED diploma4 ............................ 100.0 1.6 (0.34) 30.2 (1.32) 35.8 (1.29) 32.4 (1.33)

High school graduate ........................ 100.0 1.8 (0.12) 34.9 (0.47) 35.0 (0.43) 28.2 (0.42)

Some college—no degree ..................... 100.0 1.8 (0.15) 38.2 (0.56) 33.1 (0.51) 26.9 (0.49)

Associate of arts degree ...................... 100.0 1.5 (0.18) 33.9 (0.67) 36.7 (0.68) 27.9 (0.62)

Bachelor of arts, science degree ................. 100.0 1.7 (0.14) 42.8 (0.54) 36.1 (0.52) 19.3 (0.43)

Masters, doctorate, medical degree ............... 100.0 1.8 (0.18) 44.7 (0.76) 36.8 (0.71) 16.7 (0.56)

Poverty status:5

Below poverty level ......................... 100.0 2.8 (0.24) 37.8 (0.71) 31.3 (0.59) 28.1 (0.62)

≥1 and <2 times poverty level .................. 100.0 2.2 (0.19) 36.3 (0.53) 33.8 (0.54) 27.7 (0.46)

≥2 and <4 times poverty level .................. 100.0 1.8 (0.13) 36.5 (0.45) 35.0 (0.41) 26.7 (0.40)

4 times poverty level or more ................... 100.0 1.5 (0.10) 38.3 (0.39) 37.2 (0.37) 23.0 (0.33)

Marital status:

Never married ............................ 100.0 3.1 (0.22) 46.1 (0.55) 29.2 (0.48) 21.5 (0.46)

Married ................................ 100.0 1.4 (0.07) 34.4 (0.31) 37.7 (0.30) 26.5 (0.29)

Cohabiting .............................. 100.0 1.7 (0.24) 39.3 (0.91) 33.1 (0.84) 25.8 (0.78)

Divorced or separated ....................... 100.0 1.5 (0.14) 34.4 (0.54) 34.7 (0.51) 29.4 (0.52)

Widowed ............................... 100.0 3.1 (0.25) 38.9 (0.67) 33.8 (0.67) 24.1 (0.60)

Geographic region:

Northeast ............................... 100.0 2.0 (0.18) 39.2 (0.61) 34.8 (0.53) 24.0 (0.52)

Midwest ................................ 100.0 1.6 (0.12) 36.5 (0.54) 34.7 (0.45) 27.1 (0.49)

South ................................. 100.0 2.0 (0.14) 35.8 (0.38) 35.1 (0.34) 27.1 (0.37)

West .................................. 100.0 1.8 (0.12) 39.3 (0.53) 36.1 (0.51) 22.8 (0.42)

Men

Ages 18 years and over (crude)2 .................. 100.0 1.0 (0.08) 30.7 (0.33) 42.4 (0.34) 26.0 (0.31)

Ages 18 years and over (age-adjusted)2,3 ............ 100.0 1.0 (0.08) 31.1 (0.33) 42.2 (0.34) 25.7 (0.30)

Age:

18–24 years ............................. 100.0 2.9 (0.46) 50.5 (1.06) 30.7 (0.96) 15.9 (0.76)

25–44 years ............................. 100.0 0.6 (0.08) 29.3 (0.49) 42.9 (0.51) 27.3 (0.49)

45–64 years ............................. 100.0 0.5 (0.07) 23.7 (0.48) 45.4 (0.58) 30.5 (0.53)

65–74 years ............................. 100.0 1.0 (0.19) 27.2 (0.87) 46.3 (1.02) 25.5 (0.91)

75 years and over.......................... 100.0 2.4 (0.42) 39.4 (1.09) 42.3 (1.12) 15.9 (0.86)

See footnotes at end of table.
Series 10, No. 245 [ Page 121

Table XVIII. Crude percent distributions (with standard errors) of body weight status for adults 18 years of age and over, by selected

characteristics: United States, average annual, 2005–2007—Con.

Body weight status1

Not overweight Overweight

Healthy Overweight

Selected characteristic Total Underweight weight (but not obese) Obese

Men—Con. Percent distribution (standard error)

Race:

White, single race .......................... 100.0 0.9 (0.09) 29.8 (0.36) 43.1 (0.38) 26.2 (0.33)

Black or African American, single race ............. 100.0 1.1 (0.21) 29.7 (0.87) 39.7 (0.87) 29.5 (0.84)

American Indian or Alaska Native, single race ........ 100.0 † 27.4 (3.65) 39.2 (3.84) 32.6 (3.88)

Asian, single race .......................... 100.0 3.0 (0.64) 50.3 (1.50) 36.3 (1.40) 10.4 (0.88)

Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander, single race.... 100.0 – *23.0 (7.58) 36.8 (9.43) 40.2 (9.95)

Two or more races ......................... 100.0 *1.5 (0.60) 26.3 (2.39) 39.4 (3.29) 32.8 (3.10)

Black or African American, white ............... 100.0 † 40.1 (8.03) 44.6 (8.20) *11.9 (4.34)

American Indian or Alaska Native, white........... 100.0 † 21.6 (3.01) 39.0 (4.15) 38.0 (4.09)

Hispanic or Latino origin and race:

Hispanic or Latino .......................... 100.0 0.8 (0.15) 27.9 (0.76) 45.4 (0.82) 25.9 (0.72)

Mexican or Mexican American ................. 100.0 0.7 (0.19) 27.9 (0.94) 44.9 (1.01) 26.5 (0.89)

Not Hispanic or Latino ....................... 100.0 1.0 (0.09) 31.1 (0.36) 41.9 (0.37) 26.0 (0.33)

White, single race ........................ 100.0 0.9 (0.10) 30.1 (0.40) 42.8 (0.42) 26.2 (0.37)

Black or African American, single race ............ 100.0 1.2 (0.22) 29.8 (0.88) 39.2 (0.89) 29.9 (0.87)

Education:

Less than high school graduate ................. 100.0 1.9 (0.33) 32.5 (0.78) 38.9 (0.77) 26.7 (0.72)

GED diploma4 ............................ 100.0 *1.6 (0.49) 27.5 (1.78) 41.3 (1.99) 29.7 (1.79)

High school graduate ........................ 100.0 1.0 (0.13) 29.7 (0.60) 40.7 (0.64) 28.6 (0.60)

Some college—no degree ..................... 100.0 1.1 (0.19) 31.1 (0.79) 39.9 (0.82) 27.9 (0.74)

Associate of arts degree ...................... 100.0 *0.4 (0.12) 25.3 (0.97) 45.8 (1.11) 28.6 (0.93)

Bachelor of arts, science degree ................. 100.0 0.6 (0.12) 30.7 (0.76) 46.7 (0.81) 22.0 (0.65)

Masters, doctorate, medical degree ............... 100.0 *0.4 (0.12) 35.0 (1.04) 46.6 (1.09) 18.0 (0.82)

Poverty status:5

Below poverty level ......................... 100.0 2.3 (0.46) 38.2 (1.07) 36.6 (1.04) 22.9 (0.93)

≥1 and <2 times poverty level .................. 100.0 1.6 (0.27) 33.9 (0.85) 38.8 (0.88) 25.7 (0.70)

≥2 and <4 times poverty level .................. 100.0 0.9 (0.13) 29.9 (0.56) 41.7 (0.59) 27.4 (0.55)

4 times poverty level or more ................... 100.0 0.5 (0.08) 27.9 (0.53) 45.8 (0.56) 25.8 (0.49)

Marital status:

Never married ............................ 100.0 2.3 (0.29) 43.4 (0.74) 34.9 (0.72) 19.4 (0.60)

Married ................................ 100.0 0.6 (0.07) 25.3 (0.39) 45.4 (0.45) 28.7 (0.41)

Cohabiting .............................. 100.0 *0.7 (0.24) 33.2 (1.24) 39.5 (1.28) 26.5 (1.10)

Divorced or separated ....................... 100.0 0.8 (0.15) 29.4 (0.78) 43.2 (0.88) 26.7 (0.76)

Widowed ............................... 100.0 1.7 (0.40) 37.8 (1.55) 41.3 (1.56) 19.2 (1.17)

Geographic region:

Northeast ............................... 100.0 0.9 (0.17) 31.3 (0.82) 42.9 (0.88) 24.9 (0.80)

Midwest ................................ 100.0 0.7 (0.11) 29.9 (0.67) 41.5 (0.67) 27.9 (0.59)

South ................................. 100.0 1.2 (0.17) 29.8 (0.53) 41.7 (0.55) 27.3 (0.53)

West .................................. 100.0 1.0 (0.14) 32.5 (0.72) 43.9 (0.74) 22.5 (0.59)

Women

Ages 18 years and over (crude)2 .................. 100.0 2.7 (0.10) 43.8 (0.34) 28.2 (0.27) 25.3 (0.29)

Ages 18 years and over (age-adjusted)2,3 ............ 100.0 2.7 (0.11) 44.2 (0.34) 28.0 (0.27) 25.0 (0.29)

Age:

18–24 years ............................. 100.0 4.8 (0.40) 58.2 (0.97) 20.8 (0.78) 16.2 (0.70)

25–44 years ............................. 100.0 2.7 (0.17) 45.9 (0.52) 26.6 (0.44) 24.8 (0.44)

45–64 years ............................. 100.0 1.7 (0.16) 37.7 (0.54) 30.5 (0.51) 30.2 (0.52)

65–74 years ............................. 100.0 1.9 (0.25) 35.4 (0.96) 33.5 (0.85) 29.2 (0.84)

75 years and over.......................... 100.0 4.4 (0.36) 45.6 (0.90) 32.0 (0.83) 18.0 (0.66)

Race:

White, single race .......................... 100.0 2.7 (0.11) 45.0 (0.39) 28.2 (0.31) 24.1 (0.32)

Black or African American, single race ............. 100.0 1.5 (0.18) 29.5 (0.69) 30.6 (0.64) 38.4 (0.74)

American Indian or Alaska Native, single race ........ 100.0 † 31.7 (3.12) 33.3 (3.24) 34.1 (3.45)

Asian, single race .......................... 100.0 6.9 (0.84) 65.2 (1.41) 20.8 (1.23) 7.1 (0.70)

Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander, single race.... 100.0 † 35.7 (8.04) 35.7 (8.80) *21.9 (6.71)

Two or more races ......................... 100.0 *1.1 (0.42) 41.8 (2.88) 29.7 (2.39) 27.5 (2.21)

Black or African American, white ............... 100.0 – 39.9 (6.18) 37.8 (5.93) 22.3 (4.79)

American Indian or Alaska Native, white........... 100.0 † 35.7 (4.13) 31.2 (3.69) 32.0 (3.38)

See footnotes at end of table.
Page 122 [ Series 10, No. 245

Table XVIII. Crude percent distributions (with standard errors) of body weight status for adults 18 years of age and over, by selected

characteristics: United States, average annual, 2005–2007—Con.

Body weight status1

Not overweight Overweight

Healthy Overweight

Selected characteristic Total Underweight weight (but not obese) Obese

Women—Con. Percent distribution (standard error)

Hispanic or Latino origin and race:

Hispanic or Latino .......................... 100.0 1.8 (0.20) 37.2 (0.73) 32.4 (0.68) 28.6 (0.69)

Mexican or Mexican American ................. 100.0 1.7 (0.27) 35.6 (0.94) 31.3 (0.89) 31.4 (0.93)

Not Hispanic or Latino ....................... 100.0 2.8 (0.11) 44.7 (0.37) 27.7 (0.29) 24.8 (0.31)

White, single race ........................ 100.0 2.8 (0.12) 46.2 (0.42) 27.5 (0.34) 23.4 (0.35)

Black or African American, single race ............ 100.0 1.6 (0.18) 29.3 (0.69) 30.3 (0.65) 38.8 (0.75)

Education:

Less than high school graduate ................. 100.0 2.8 (0.30) 34.5 (0.70) 31.1 (0.65) 31.7 (0.69)

GED diploma4 ............................ 100.0 1.6 (0.48) 33.2 (1.89) 29.7 (1.57) 35.5 (1.81)

High school graduate ........................ 100.0 2.6 (0.19) 40.0 (0.63) 29.6 (0.52) 27.9 (0.56)

Some college—no degree ..................... 100.0 2.5 (0.22) 44.6 (0.73) 27.0 (0.61) 26.0 (0.61)

Associate of arts degree ...................... 100.0 2.4 (0.31) 40.9 (0.92) 29.2 (0.83) 27.5 (0.82)

Bachelor of arts, science degree ................. 100.0 2.9 (0.25) 55.2 (0.75) 25.4 (0.63) 16.5 (0.53)

Masters, doctorate, medical degree ............... 100.0 3.4 (0.36) 55.4 (1.08) 25.9 (0.95) 15.3 (0.75)

Poverty status:5

Below poverty level ......................... 100.0 3.1 (0.27) 37.6 (0.82) 27.4 (0.75) 31.9 (0.75)

≥1 and <2 times poverty level .................. 100.0 2.8 (0.24) 38.3 (0.66) 29.4 (0.70) 29.4 (0.63)

≥2 and <4 times poverty level .................. 100.0 2.6 (0.21) 43.0 (0.66) 28.5 (0.53) 25.9 (0.54)

4 times poverty level or more ................... 100.0 2.6 (0.18) 49.8 (0.61) 27.7 (0.52) 19.9 (0.45)

Marital status:

Never married ............................ 100.0 4.1 (0.32) 49.5 (0.80) 22.2 (0.60) 24.2 (0.64)

Married ................................ 100.0 2.2 (0.13) 43.8 (0.45) 29.7 (0.38) 24.3 (0.39)

Cohabiting .............................. 100.0 2.9 (0.44) 46.3 (1.32) 25.8 (1.12) 25.1 (1.08)

Divorced or separated ....................... 100.0 2.0 (0.21) 37.9 (0.71) 28.7 (0.62) 31.3 (0.71)

Widowed ............................... 100.0 3.5 (0.30) 39.2 (0.74) 32.0 (0.76) 25.4 (0.69)

Geographic region:

Northeast ............................... 100.0 3.0 (0.29) 46.4 (0.83) 27.4 (0.63) 23.2 (0.65)

Midwest ................................ 100.0 2.5 (0.19) 43.1 (0.79) 28.0 (0.56) 26.4 (0.71)

South ................................. 100.0 2.8 (0.18) 41.5 (0.54) 28.8 (0.45) 26.9 (0.47)

West .................................. 100.0 2.5 (0.20) 46.3 (0.67) 28.2 (0.57) 23.0 (0.51)

* Estimates preceded by an asterisk have a relative standard error of greater than 30% and less then or equal to 50%. These should be interpreted with caution as they do not meet the standard of

reliability or precision.

† Estimates with a relative standard error greater than 50% are indicated with a dagger, but are not shown.

– Quanity zero.

1

Body weight status was based on Body Mass Index (BMI) calculated as kilograms/meters2, using self-reported height and weight. Underweight is a BMI of less than 18.5; Healthy weight is a BMI of
 

greater than or equal to 18.5 and less than 25; Overweight, but not obese, is a BMI of greater than or equal to 25 and less than 30; Obese is a BMI of greater than or equal to 30.
 

2

Persons of other races and unknown race and ethnicity, unknown education, unknown poverty status, and unknown marital status are included in the total.
 

3

Estimates are age adjusted using the projected 2000 U.S. population as the standard population and using three age groups: 18–44 years, 45–64 years, and 65 years and over.
 

4

GED is General Educational Development high school equivalency diploma.
 

5

Poverty status is based on family income and family size using the U.S. Census Bureau poverty thresholds for 2004, 2005, and 2006.
 

NOTES: For age-adjusted percent distributions, refer to Table 6.2. Denominator for each percent distribution excludes persons with unknown body mass index. See Appendix II for definitions of terms.
 

See Appendix III for health behavior questions.
 

DATA SOURCE: National Health Interview Survey, 2005–2007. Estimates are based on household interviews of a sample of the civilian noninstitutionalized population.
 
Series 10, No. 245 [ Page 123

Table XIX. Crude percent distributions (with standard errors) of usual hours of sleep for adults 18 years of age and over, by selected

characteristics: United States, 2005–2007

Hours of sleep1

Selected characteristic Total 6 or less 7–8 9 or more

Both sexes Percent distribution (standard error)

Ages 18 years and over (crude)2 .................. 100.0 28.1 (0.22) 63.5 (0.24) 8.4 (0.12)

Ages 18 years and over (age-adjusted)2,3 ............ 100.0 28.0 (0.22) 63.5 (0.24) 8.5 (0.12)

Age:

18–24 years ............................. 100.0 22.8 (0.63) 64.7 (0.71) 12.5 (0.49)

25–44 years ............................. 100.0 30.2 (0.34) 64.1 (0.36) 5.8 (0.17)

45–64 years ............................. 100.0 30.4 (0.38) 63.5 (0.40) 6.1 (0.19)

65–74 years ............................. 100.0 23.9 (0.60) 63.5 (0.64) 12.6 (0.44)

75 years and over.......................... 100.0 21.9 (0.59) 58.0 (0.69) 20.2 (0.59)

Race:

White, single race .......................... 100.0 27.0 (0.25) 64.7 (0.27) 8.2 (0.13)

Black or African American, single race ............. 100.0 34.7 (0.57) 55.6 (0.61) 9.8 (0.33)

American Indian or Alaska Native, single race ........ 100.0 29.3 (2.43) 59.1 (2.96) 11.6 (1.80)

Asian, single race .......................... 100.0 29.2 (0.93) 64.2 (0.99) 6.6 (0.55)

Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander, single race.... 100.0 37.3 (6.07) 58.9 (5.99) †

Two or more races ......................... 100.0 33.3 (1.94) 55.1 (2.07) 11.5 (1.66)

Black or African American, white ............... 100.0 33.6 (4.57) 57.2 (4.83) 9.2 (2.68)

American Indian or Alaska Native, white........... 100.0 31.1 (2.56) 55.6 (2.76) 13.3 (2.56)

Hispanic or Latino origin and race:

Hispanic or Latino .......................... 100.0 25.6 (0.51) 66.3 (0.52) 8.1 (0.28)

Mexican or Mexican American ................. 100.0 22.5 (0.62) 68.3 (0.66) 9.2 (0.38)

Not Hispanic or Latino ....................... 100.0 28.5 (0.24) 63.0 (0.26) 8.4 (0.14)

White, single race ........................ 100.0 27.4 (0.28) 64.4 (0.30) 8.3 (0.15)

Black or African American, single race ............ 100.0 34.7 (0.58) 55.5 (0.62) 9.8 (0.34)

Education:

Less than high school graduate ................. 100.0 27.8 (0.49) 59.1 (0.54) 13.1 (0.36)

GED diploma4 ............................ 100.0 37.1 (1.35) 51.9 (1.35) 11.0 (0.99)

High school graduate ........................ 100.0 27.9 (0.38) 62.7 (0.44) 9.4 (0.26)

Some college—no degree ..................... 100.0 30.6 (0.47) 61.4 (0.51) 8.0 (0.29)

Associate of arts degree ...................... 100.0 30.6 (0.62) 62.9 (0.67) 6.5 (0.35)

Bachelor of arts, science degree ................. 100.0 25.4 (0.49) 69.4 (0.50) 5.2 (0.24)

Masters, doctorate, medical degree ............... 100.0 24.9 (0.68) 70.0 (0.71) 5.1 (0.31)

Poverty status:5

Below poverty level ......................... 100.0 31.2 (0.60) 56.4 (0.63) 12.3 (0.41)

≥1 and <2 times poverty level .................. 100.0 29.9 (0.50) 59.8 (0.52) 10.3 (0.35)

≥2 and <4 times poverty level .................. 100.0 27.9 (0.37) 63.2 (0.39) 8.9 (0.23)

4 times poverty level or more ................... 100.0 26.5 (0.36) 67.7 (0.39) 5.9 (0.19)

Marital status:

Never married ............................ 100.0 26.5 (0.47) 63.3 (0.53) 10.2 (0.34)

Married ................................ 100.0 27.1 (0.28) 65.8 (0.30) 7.1 (0.15)

Cohabiting .............................. 100.0 30.3 (0.92) 60.8 (0.95) 8.9 (0.53)

Divorced or separated ....................... 100.0 36.2 (0.54) 56.8 (0.56) 7.0 (0.27)

Widowed ............................... 100.0 26.9 (0.62) 56.7 (0.71) 16.4 (0.56)

Geographic region:

Northeast ............................... 100.0 31.1 (0.49) 61.8 (0.55) 7.1 (0.26)

Midwest ................................ 100.0 29.1 (0.48) 62.7 (0.52) 8.3 (0.25)

South ................................. 100.0 28.0 (0.37) 63.0 (0.40) 9.0 (0.22)

West .................................. 100.0 24.8 (0.45) 66.5 (0.49) 8.6 (0.26)

Men

Ages 18 years and over (crude)2 .................. 100.0 28.7 (0.32) 63.6 (0.34) 7.7 (0.18)

Ages 18 years and over (age-adjusted)2,3 ............ 100.0 28.4 (0.32) 63.6 (0.34) 8.0 (0.18)

Age:

18–24 years ............................. 100.0 22.4 (0.89) 66.0 (1.04) 11.6 (0.73)

25–44 years ............................. 100.0 32.1 (0.51) 63.3 (0.52) 4.6 (0.23)

45–64 years ............................. 100.0 30.8 (0.54) 63.5 (0.56) 5.7 (0.26)

65–74 years ............................. 100.0 21.9 (0.85) 64.2 (0.94) 13.9 (0.70)

75 years and over.......................... 100.0 18.7 (0.91) 60.3 (1.12) 21.0 (0.97)

See footnotes at end of table.
Page 124 [ Series 10, No. 245

Table XIX. Crude percent distributions (with standard errors) of usual hours of sleep for adults 18 years of age and over, by selected

characteristics: United States, 2005–2007—Con.

Hours of sleep1

Selected characteristic Total 6 or less 7–8 9 or more

Men—Con. Percent distribution (standard error)

Race:

White, single race .......................... 100.0 27.8 (0.36) 64.8 (0.39) 7.4 (0.19)

Black or African American, single race ............. 100.0 34.8 (0.89) 55.9 (0.92) 9.3 (0.52)

American Indian or Alaska Native, single race ........ 100.0 25.5 (3.53) 64.4 (3.91) 10.1 (2.47)

Asian, single race .......................... 100.0 30.3 (1.30) 63.1 (1.41) 6.6 (0.82)

Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander, single race.... 100.0 35.2 (9.67) 58.7 (9.58) †

Two or more races ......................... 100.0 29.7 (2.64) 57.6 (3.06) 12.7 (2.85)

Black or African American, white ............... 100.0 31.5 (7.51) 61.7 (7.87) †

American Indian or Alaska Native, white........... 100.0 28.0 (3.77) 58.2 (4.22) 13.8 (4.11)

Hispanic or Latino origin and race:

Hispanic or Latino .......................... 100.0 25.3 (0.73) 68.0 (0.76) 6.7 (0.37)

Mexican or Mexican American ................. 100.0 22.2 (0.86) 70.1 (0.93) 7.7 (0.51)

Not Hispanic or Latino ....................... 100.0 29.2 (0.35) 62.9 (0.37) 7.9 (0.20)

White, single race ........................ 100.0 28.3 (0.40) 64.1 (0.43) 7.6 (0.22)

Black or African American, single race ............ 100.0 34.7 (0.90) 55.7 (0.93) 9.6 (0.53)

Education:

Less than high school graduate ................. 100.0 25.7 (0.73) 61.8 (0.80) 12.5 (0.56)

GED diploma4 ............................ 100.0 37.2 (1.92) 51.9 (1.97) 10.9 (1.50)

High school graduate ........................ 100.0 28.4 (0.57) 62.9 (0.65) 8.7 (0.36)

Some college—no degree ..................... 100.0 32.0 (0.72) 60.7 (0.76) 7.3 (0.42)

Associate of arts degree ...................... 100.0 31.6 (1.00) 62.9 (1.05) 5.5 (0.52)

Bachelor of arts, science degree ................. 100.0 27.3 (0.72) 68.1 (0.73) 4.7 (0.35)

Masters, doctorate, medical degree ............... 100.0 26.2 (0.94) 69.7 (0.97) 4.1 (0.37)

Poverty status:5

Below poverty level ......................... 100.0 29.2 (0.93) 59.0 (0.99) 11.8 (0.64)

≥1 and <2 times poverty level .................. 100.0 29.1 (0.78) 60.8 (0.80) 10.1 (0.55)

≥2 and <4 times poverty level .................. 100.0 28.8 (0.60) 62.8 (0.59) 8.4 (0.36)

4 times poverty level or more ................... 100.0 28.3 (0.50) 66.6 (0.54) 5.1 (0.26)

Marital status:

Never married ............................ 100.0 26.0 (0.64) 64.0 (0.72) 10.0 (0.48)

Married ................................ 100.0 28.1 (0.42) 65.3 (0.44) 6.6 (0.22)

Cohabiting .............................. 100.0 32.3 (1.29) 60.6 (1.32) 7.1 (0.68)

Divorced or separated ....................... 100.0 37.0 (0.86) 56.0 (0.89) 6.9 (0.41)

Widowed ............................... 100.0 26.1 (1.38) 56.7 (1.55) 17.2 (1.29)

Geographic region:

Northeast ............................... 100.0 32.3 (0.73) 60.9 (0.79) 6.8 (0.42)

Midwest ................................ 100.0 29.8 (0.72) 62.8 (0.75) 7.5 (0.35)

South ................................. 100.0 28.5 (0.52) 63.3 (0.56) 8.2 (0.31)

West .................................. 100.0 25.0 (0.64) 67.2 (0.69) 7.8 (0.38)

Women

Ages 18 years and over (crude)2 .................. 100.0 27.6 (0.28) 63.3 (0.30) 9.1 (0.16)

Ages 18 years and over (age-adjusted)2,3 ............ 100.0 27.5 (0.28) 63.4 (0.31) 9.1 (0.16)

Age:

18–24 years ............................. 100.0 23.2 (0.83) 63.4 (0.95) 13.4 (0.68)

25–44 years ............................. 100.0 28.3 (0.45) 64.8 (0.47) 6.9 (0.24)

45–64 years ............................. 100.0 30.0 (0.48) 63.6 (0.51) 6.4 (0.26)

65–74 years ............................. 100.0 25.7 (0.81) 62.9 (0.87) 11.4 (0.55)

75 years and over.......................... 100.0 23.9 (0.76) 56.5 (0.88) 19.6 (0.72)

Race:

White, single race .......................... 100.0 26.3 (0.31) 64.7 (0.33) 9.0 (0.18)

Black or African American, single race ............. 100.0 34.6 (0.73) 55.3 (0.78) 10.1 (0.40)

American Indian or Alaska Native, single race ........ 100.0 33.1 (3.11) 53.7 (3.42) 13.2 (2.53)

Asian, single race .......................... 100.0 28.2 (1.33) 65.1 (1.41) 6.6 (0.72)

Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander, single race.... 100.0 39.6 (8.08) 59.1 (8.07) †

Two or more races ......................... 100.0 36.9 (2.82) 52.7 (2.67) 10.4 (1.49)

Black or African American, white ............... 100.0 35.1 (5.68) 54.1 (5.89) *10.8 (3.85)

American Indian or Alaska Native, white........... 100.0 34.8 (3.49) 52.5 (3.65) 12.7 (2.46)

See footnotes at end of table.
Series 10, No. 245 [ Page 125

Table XIX. Crude percent distributions (with standard errors) of usual hours of sleep for adults 18 years of age and over, by selected

characteristics: United States, 2005–2007—Con.

Hours of sleep1

Selected characteristic Total 6 or less 7–8 9 or more

Women—Con. Percent distribution (standard error)

Hispanic or Latino origin and race:

Hispanic or Latino .......................... 100.0 25.9 (0.66) 64.5 (0.71) 9.6 (0.43)

Mexican or Mexican American ................. 100.0 22.9 (0.82) 66.3 (0.93) 10.8 (0.57)

Not Hispanic or Latino ....................... 100.0 27.9 (0.31) 63.1 (0.33) 9.0 (0.17)

White, single race ........................ 100.0 26.5 (0.34) 64.6 (0.37) 8.9 (0.20)

Black or African American, single race ............ 100.0 34.7 (0.74) 55.3 (0.79) 10.0 (0.40)

Education:

Less than high school graduate ................. 100.0 29.8 (0.63) 56.5 (0.69) 13.8 (0.47)

GED diploma4 ............................ 100.0 37.0 (1.91) 51.9 (1.92) 11.1 (1.29)

High school graduate ........................ 100.0 27.5 (0.52) 62.5 (0.57) 10.0 (0.36)

Some college—no degree ..................... 100.0 29.4 (0.62) 62.0 (0.67) 8.6 (0.40)

Associate of arts degree ...................... 100.0 29.8 (0.83) 62.9 (0.89) 7.3 (0.47)

Bachelor of arts, science degree ................. 100.0 23.6 (0.62) 70.6 (0.66) 5.8 (0.33)

Masters, doctorate, medical degree ............... 100.0 23.5 (0.90) 70.3 (0.94) 6.2 (0.49)

Poverty status:5

Below poverty level ......................... 100.0 32.7 (0.69) 54.6 (0.73) 12.7 (0.51)

≥1 and <2 times poverty level .................. 100.0 30.6 (0.62) 58.9 (0.64) 10.5 (0.42)

≥2 and <4 times poverty level .................. 100.0 27.1 (0.50) 63.5 (0.55) 9.4 (0.32)

4 times poverty level or more ................... 100.0 24.5 (0.46) 68.8 (0.50) 6.7 (0.27)

Marital status:

Never married ............................ 100.0 27.0 (0.66) 62.6 (0.74) 10.4 (0.48)

Married ................................ 100.0 26.1 (0.37) 66.2 (0.39) 7.7 (0.21)

Cohabiting .............................. 100.0 28.1 (1.23) 61.1 (1.34) 10.8 (0.81)

Divorced or separated ....................... 100.0 35.7 (0.73) 57.2 (0.74) 7.0 (0.35)

Widowed ............................... 100.0 27.0 (0.69) 56.7 (0.79) 16.2 (0.62)

Geographic region:

Northeast ............................... 100.0 30.0 (0.66) 62.6 (0.70) 7.4 (0.35)

Midwest ................................ 100.0 28.4 (0.56) 62.6 (0.61) 9.0 (0.32)

South ................................. 100.0 27.6 (0.48) 62.7 (0.52) 9.7 (0.28)

West .................................. 100.0 24.7 (0.58) 65.8 (0.64) 9.4 (0.34)

† Estimates with a relative standard error greater than 50% are indicated with a dagger, but are not shown.
 

* Estimates preceded by an asterisk have a relative standard error of greater than 30% and less than or equal to 50%. These should be interpreted with caution as they do not meet the standard of
 

reliability or precision.
 

1

Based on the question, ‘‘How many hours of sleep do you usually get in a 24-hour period?’’ Response options were 1–24 hours.
 

2

Persons of other races and unknown race and ethnicity, unknown education, unknown poverty status, and unknown marital status are included in the total.
 

3

Estimates are age adjusted using the projected 2000 U.S. population as the standard population and using three age groups: 18–44 years, 45–64 years, and 65 years and over.
 

4

GED is General Educational Development high school equivalency diploma.
 

5

Poverty status is based on family income and family size using the U.S. Census Bureau poverty thresholds for 2004, 2005, and 2006.
 

NOTES: For age-adjusted percent distributions, refer to Table 7.1. Denominator for each percent distribution excludes persons with unknown number of hours of sleep. See Appendix II for definitions of
 

terms. See Appendix III for health behavior questions.
 

DATA SOURCE: National Health Interview Survey, 2005–2007. Estimates are based on household interviews of a sample of the civilian noninstitutionalized population.
 
Page 126 [ Series 10, No. 245

Table XX. Crude percentages (with standard errors) of adults 18 years of age and over who engaged in selected unhealthy behaviors, by

selected characteristics: United States, average annual, 2005–2007

Selected unhealthy behaviors

Five or more

drinks in 1 day Current Physically Slept

at least once cigarette inactive 6 hours

Selected characteristic (past year)1 smoker2 (leisure time)3 Obese4 or less5

Both sexes Percent (standard error)

Ages 18 years and over (crude)6 .................. 20.2 (0.25) 20.5 (0.21) 39.7 (0.40) 25.6 (0.22) 28.1 (0.22)

Ages 18 years and over (age-adjusted)6,7 ............ 20.5 (0.24) 20.4 (0.21) 39.7 (0.40) 25.4 (0.22) 28.0 (0.22)

Age:

18–24 years ............................. 31.9 (0.84) 23.5 (0.67) 33.7 (0.79) 16.0 (0.52) 22.8 (0.63)

25–44 years ............................. 27.4 (0.40) 23.4 (0.32) 35.5 (0.51) 26.1 (0.34) 30.2 (0.34)

45–64 years ............................. 15.6 (0.29) 21.6 (0.34) 39.9 (0.50) 30.3 (0.39) 30.4 (0.38)

65–74 years ............................. 6.1 (0.33) 12.4 (0.44) 48.0 (0.82) 27.5 (0.62) 23.9 (0.60)

75 years and over.......................... 2.2 (0.22) 5.1 (0.31) 60.4 (0.80) 17.2 (0.52) 21.9 (0.59)

Race:

White, single race . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21.8 (0.29) 20.7 (0.24) 38.3 (0.43) 25.1 (0.24) 27.0 (0.25)

Black or African American, single race ............. 12.5 (0.41) 21.2 (0.50) 50.3 (0.77) 34.3 (0.58) 34.7 (0.57)

American Indian or Alaska Native, single race ........ 26.3 (3.15) 28.1 (3.07) 38.1 (2.36) 33.3 (2.39) 29.3 (2.43)

Asian, single race . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9.8 (0.64) 11.5 (0.66) 38.9 (1.07) 8.7 (0.58) 29.2 (0.93)

Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander, single race.... 19.9 (4.70) 14.5 (3.87) 42.8 (7.19) 31.6 (6.77) 37.3 (6.07)

Two or more races ......................... 23.7 (1.75) 26.0 (1.90) 34.9 (2.04) 30.2 (1.85) 33.3 (1.94)

Black or African American, white ............... 17.5 (3.65) 19.9 (3.43) 39.4 (4.72) 18.0 (3.38) 33.6 (4.57)

American Indian or Alaska Native, white........... 26.8 (2.66) 30.5 (2.97) 37.6 (2.93) 35.3 (2.69) 31.1 (2.56)

Hispanic or Latino origin and race:

Hispanic or Latino .......................... 19.4 (0.47) 14.9 (0.44) 51.7 (0.64) 27.2 (0.52) 25.6 (0.51)

Mexican or Mexican American . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21.6 (0.62) 14.6 (0.52) 51.1 (0.80) 28.8 (0.67) 22.5 (0.62)

Not Hispanic or Latino ....................... 20.4 (0.27) 21.3 (0.23) 37.9 (0.43) 25.4 (0.24) 28.5 (0.24)

White, single race ........................ 22.2 (0.32) 21.8 (0.27) 35.9 (0.47) 24.7 (0.26) 27.4 (0.28)

Black or African American, single race ............ 12.3 (0.42) 21.4 (0.51) 50.2 (0.79) 34.8 (0.59) 34.7 (0.58)

Education:

Less than high school graduate ................. 16.2 (0.45) 26.4 (0.52) 61.6 (0.63) 29.1 (0.50) 27.8 (0.49)

GED diploma8 ............................ 25.5 (1.23) 45.0 (1.39) 51.6 (1.42) 32.4 (1.33) 37.1 (1.35)

High school graduate ........................ 18.4 (0.39) 24.3 (0.39) 47.7 (0.62) 28.2 (0.42) 27.9 (0.38)

Some college—no degree ..................... 24.1 (0.57) 22.1 (0.45) 33.9 (0.59) 26.9 (0.49) 30.6 (0.47)

Associate of arts degree ...................... 21.9 (0.64) 20.6 (0.58) 32.6 (0.70) 27.9 (0.62) 30.6 (0.62)

Bachelor of arts, science degree ................. 23.2 (0.55) 10.7 (0.36) 24.2 (0.54) 19.3 (0.43) 25.4 (0.49)

Masters, doctorate, medical degree ............... 16.7 (0.58) 6.7 (0.35) 19.1 (0.61) 16.7 (0.56) 24.9 (0.68)

Poverty status:9

Below poverty level ......................... 18.8 (0.70) 28.5 (0.67) 55.8 (0.88) 28.1 (0.62) 31.2 (0.60)

≥1 and <2 times poverty level .................. 16.7 (0.44) 24.0 (0.48) 51.8 (0.64) 27.7 (0.46) 29.9 (0.50)

≥2 and <4 times poverty level .................. 19.5 (0.37) 21.5 (0.37) 41.1 (0.54) 26.7 (0.40) 27.9 (0.37)

4 times poverty level or more ................... 23.0 (0.39) 15.4 (0.28) 27.6 (0.45) 23.0 (0.33) 26.5 (0.36)

Marital status:

Never married ............................ 30.3 (0.62) 24.1 (0.51) 35.5 (0.64) 21.5 (0.46) 26.5 (0.47)

Married ................................ 17.0 (0.26) 16.3 (0.23) 38.1 (0.45) 26.5 (0.29) 27.1 (0.28)

Cohabiting .............................. 34.8 (0.98) 38.2 (0.96) 38.3 (0.97) 25.8 (0.78) 30.3 (0.92)

Divorced or separated ....................... 20.2 (0.48) 30.5 (0.51) 44.2 (0.65) 29.4 (0.52) 36.2 (0.54)

Widowed ............................... 3.9 (0.29) 12.8 (0.47) 60.1 (0.80) 24.1 (0.60) 26.9 (0.62)

Geographic region:

Northeast ............................... 20.5 (0.58) 18.9 (0.47) 37.9 (0.75) 24.0 (0.52) 31.1 (0.49)

Midwest . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24.8 (0.55) 23.4 (0.45) 34.5 (0.92) 27.1 (0.49) 29.1 (0.48)

South ................................. 17.5 (0.40) 21.4 (0.34) 46.1 (0.71) 27.1 (0.37) 28.0 (0.37)

West . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19.7 (0.48) 16.9 (0.43) 36.1 (0.69) 22.8 (0.42) 24.8 (0.45)

Men

Ages 18 years and over (crude)6 .................. 28.9 (0.39) 23.4 (0.32) 38.0 (0.47) 26.0 (0.31) 28.7 (0.32)

Ages 18 years and over (age-adjusted)6,7 ............ 28.8 (0.37) 23.0 (0.31) 38.1 (0.47) 25.7 (0.30) 28.4 (0.32)

Age:

18–24 years ............................. 40.7 (1.25) 27.3 (1.02) 30.8 (1.05) 15.9 (0.76) 22.4 (0.89)

25–44 years ............................. 37.9 (0.61) 26.3 (0.48) 34.4 (0.65) 27.3 (0.49) 32.1 (0.51)

45–64 years ............................. 23.3 (0.50) 24.1 (0.50) 40.2 (0.63) 30.5 (0.53) 30.8 (0.54)

65–74 years ............................. 10.3 (0.62) 13.8 (0.69) 45.5 (1.12) 25.5 (0.91) 21.9 (0.85)

75 years and over.......................... 4.3 (0.47) 5.6 (0.53) 53.1 (1.23) 15.9 (0.86) 18.7 (0.91)

See footnotes at end of table.
Series 10, No. 245 [ Page 127

Table XX. Crude percentages (with standard errors) of adults 18 years of age and over who engaged in selected unhealthy behaviors, by

selected characteristics: United States, average annual, 2005–2007—Con.

Selected unhealthy behaviors

Five or more

drinks in 1 day Current Physically Slept

at least once cigarette inactive 6 hours

Selected characteristic (past year)1 smoker2 (leisure time)3 Obese4 or less5

Men—Con. Percent (standard error)

Race:

White, single race . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30.7 (0.45) 23.2 (0.35) 37.2 (0.51) 26.2 (0.33) 27.8 (0.36)

Black or African American, single race ............. 20.3 (0.81) 26.0 (0.85) 45.3 (1.06) 29.5 (0.84) 34.8 (0.89)

American Indian or Alaska Native, single race ........ 36.4 (4.74) 30.6 (4.67) 38.6 (3.69) 32.6 (3.88) 25.5 (3.53)

Asian, single race . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15.1 (1.15) 18.3 (1.16) 35.1 (1.42) 10.4 (0.88) 30.3 (1.30)

Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander, single race.... 28.1 (7.90) *22.9 (7.26) 46.9 (10.17) 40.2 (9.95) 35.2 (9.67)

Two or more races ......................... 31.2 (2.91) 25.8 (2.73) 34.1 (2.97) 32.8 (3.10) 29.7 (2.64)

Black or African American, white ............... 22.8 (6.61) *19.9 (6.00) 38.9 (8.04) *11.9 (4.34) 31.5 (7.51)

American Indian or Alaska Native, white........... 33.2 (4.21) 29.9 (4.12) 36.3 (4.08) 38.0 (4.09) 28.0 (3.77)

Hispanic or Latino origin and race:

Hispanic or Latino .......................... 30.5 (0.78) 19.7 (0.70) 49.6 (0.85) 25.9 (0.72) 25.3 (0.73)

Mexican or Mexican American . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34.2 (1.01) 20.1 (0.84) 50.2 (1.07) 26.5 (0.89) 22.2 (0.86)

Not Hispanic or Latino ....................... 28.7 (0.43) 24.0 (0.34) 36.1 (0.51) 26.0 (0.33) 29.2 (0.35)

White, single race ........................ 30.8 (0.49) 23.8 (0.40) 34.7 (0.56) 26.2 (0.37) 28.3 (0.40)

Black or African American, single race ............ 20.0 (0.83) 26.4 (0.88) 45.4 (1.08) 29.9 (0.87) 34.7 (0.90)

Education:

Less than high school graduate ................. 25.8 (0.78) 30.6 (0.79) 58.9 (0.90) 26.7 (0.72) 25.7 (0.73)

GED diploma8 ............................ 36.2 (1.94) 50.0 (2.00) 46.1 (2.08) 29.7 (1.79) 37.2 (1.92)

High school graduate ........................ 27.6 (0.67) 28.1 (0.61) 46.2 (0.81) 28.6 (0.60) 28.4 (0.57)

Some college—no degree ..................... 33.2 (0.89) 24.6 (0.71) 32.4 (0.81) 27.9 (0.74) 32.0 (0.72)

Associate of arts degree ...................... 32.9 (1.05) 24.2 (0.95) 31.3 (1.04) 28.6 (0.93) 31.6 (1.00)

Bachelor of arts, science degree ................. 31.1 (0.90) 12.3 (0.60) 22.5 (0.70) 22.0 (0.65) 27.3 (0.72)

Masters, doctorate, medical degree ............... 21.4 (0.92) 6.9 (0.52) 18.1 (0.81) 18.0 (0.82) 26.2 (0.94)

Poverty status:9

Below poverty level ......................... 29.1 (1.18) 32.6 (1.05) 52.7 (1.21) 22.9 (0.93) 29.2 (0.93)

≥1 and <2 times poverty level .................. 25.4 (0.76) 28.5 (0.80) 50.5 (0.98) 25.7 (0.70) 29.1 (0.78)

≥2 and <4 times poverty level .................. 28.0 (0.61) 25.0 (0.57) 40.2 (0.71) 27.4 (0.55) 28.8 (0.60)

4 times poverty level or more ................... 31.1 (0.60) 17.7 (0.43) 27.1 (0.55) 25.8 (0.49) 28.3 (0.50)

Marital status:

Never married ............................ 38.6 (0.84) 27.7 (0.74) 33.2 (0.78) 19.4 (0.60) 26.0 (0.64)

Married ................................ 24.2 (0.44) 18.1 (0.34) 38.2 (0.56) 28.7 (0.41) 28.1 (0.42)

Cohabiting .............................. 42.1 (1.39) 40.1 (1.28) 37.9 (1.36) 26.5 (1.10) 32.3 (1.29)

Divorced or separated ....................... 32.1 (0.86) 36.1 (0.79) 42.5 (0.92) 26.7 (0.76) 37.0 (0.86)

Widowed ............................... 11.0 (1.04) 16.8 (1.19) 55.8 (1.67) 19.2 (1.17) 26.1 (1.38)

Geographic region:

Northeast ............................... 29.2 (0.90) 20.9 (0.75) 34.7 (0.92) 24.9 (0.80) 32.3 (0.73)

Midwest . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34.5 (0.90) 26.1 (0.69) 33.3 (1.12) 27.9 (0.59) 29.8 (0.72)

South ................................. 25.7 (0.61) 24.6 (0.51) 44.3 (0.81) 27.3 (0.53) 28.5 (0.52)

West . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27.9 (0.77) 20.4 (0.64) 35.1 (0.84) 22.5 (0.59) 25.0 (0.64)

Women

Ages 18 years and over (crude)6 .................. 12.3 (0.22) 17.8 (0.24) 41.3 (0.45) 25.3 (0.29) 27.6 (0.28)

Ages 18 years and over (age-adjusted)6,7 ............ 12.8 (0.22) 18.0 (0.24) 41.1 (0.45) 25.0 (0.29) 27.5 (0.28)

Age:

18–24 years ............................. 23.4 (0.89) 19.7 (0.80) 36.6 (1.03) 16.2 (0.70) 23.2 (0.83)

25–44 years ............................. 17.2 (0.39) 20.7 (0.41) 36.6 (0.57) 24.8 (0.44) 28.3 (0.45)

45–64 years ............................. 8.5 (0.29) 19.2 (0.40) 39.7 (0.62) 30.2 (0.52) 30.0 (0.48)

65–74 years ............................. 2.5 (0.28) 11.3 (0.57) 50.0 (1.01) 29.2 (0.84) 25.7 (0.81)

75 years and over.......................... 0.8 (0.18) 4.8 (0.37) 65.0 (0.91) 18.0 (0.66) 23.9 (0.76)

Race:

White, single race . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13.5 (0.26) 18.4 (0.27) 39.4 (0.48) 24.1 (0.32) 26.3 (0.31)

Black or African American, single race ............. 6.2 (0.35) 17.3 (0.56) 54.3 (0.88) 38.4 (0.74) 34.6 (0.73)

American Indian or Alaska Native, single race ........ 15.9 (2.38) 25.7 (3.06) 37.5 (3.16) 34.1 (3.45) 33.1 (3.11)

Asian, single race . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.7 (0.59) 5.0 (0.56) 42.5 (1.50) 7.1 (0.70) 28.2 (1.33)

Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander, single race.... *11.3 (4.15) † 38.2 (7.92) *21.9 (6.71) 39.6 (8.08)

Two or more races ......................... 16.7 (1.87) 26.2 (2.39) 35.8 (2.47) 27.5 (2.21) 36.9 (2.82)

Black or African American, white ............... *14.2 (4.30) 19.8 (4.13) 39.8 (5.96) 22.3 (4.79) 35.1 (5.68)

American Indian or Alaska Native, white........... 19.6 (3.01) 31.1 (3.64) 39.1 (3.70) 32.0 (3.38) 34.8 (3.49)

See footnotes at end of table.
Page 128 [ Series 10, No. 245

Table XX. Crude percentages (with standard errors) of adults 18 years of age and over who engaged in selected unhealthy behaviors, by

selected characteristics: United States, average annual, 2005–2007—Con.

Selected unhealthy behaviors

Five or more

drinks in 1 day Current Physically Slept

at least once cigarette inactive 6 hours

Selected characteristic (past year)1 smoker2 (leisure time)3 Obese4 or less5

Women—Con. Percent (standard error)

Hispanic or Latino origin and race:

Hispanic or Latino .......................... 7.9 (0.41) 9.8 (0.42) 53.9 (0.79) 28.6 (0.69) 25.9 (0.66)

Mexican or Mexican American ................. 8.0 (0.51) 8.5 (0.52) 52.1 (1.00) 31.4 (0.93) 22.9 (0.82)

Not Hispanic or Latino ....................... 12.9 (0.24) 18.9 (0.27) 39.6 (0.49) 24.8 (0.31) 27.9 (0.31)

White, single race ........................ 14.4 (0.29) 19.8 (0.31) 37.0 (0.53) 23.4 (0.35) 26.5 (0.34)

Black or African American, single race ............ 6.1 (0.35) 17.4 (0.57) 54.1 (0.91) 38.8 (0.75) 34.7 (0.74)

Education:

Less than high school graduate ................. 7.1 (0.38) 22.3 (0.63) 64.2 (0.73) 31.7 (0.69) 29.8 (0.63)

GED diploma8 ............................ 14.3 (1.28) 39.7 (1.86) 57.4 (1.82) 35.5 (1.81) 37.0 (1.91)

High school graduate ........................ 10.0 (0.36) 20.7 (0.49) 49.1 (0.70) 27.9 (0.56) 27.5 (0.52)

Some college—no degree ..................... 16.3 (0.58) 19.9 (0.55) 35.2 (0.72) 26.0 (0.61) 29.4 (0.62)

Associate of arts degree ...................... 13.5 (0.66) 17.9 (0.68) 33.5 (0.89) 27.5 (0.82) 29.8 (0.83)

Bachelor of arts, science degree ................. 15.5 (0.54) 9.3 (0.41) 25.9 (0.72) 16.5 (0.53) 23.6 (0.62)

Masters, doctorate, medical degree ............... 11.7 (0.64) 6.4 (0.44) 20.1 (0.85) 15.3 (0.75) 23.5 (0.90)

Poverty status:9

Below poverty level ......................... 11.6 (0.61) 25.6 (0.75) 58.0 (0.92) 31.9 (0.75) 32.7 (0.69)

≥1 and <2 times poverty level .................. 9.6 (0.40) 20.3 (0.53) 52.9 (0.77) 29.4 (0.63) 30.6 (0.62)

≥2 and <4 times poverty level .................. 11.7 (0.38) 18.3 (0.44) 41.9 (0.67) 25.9 (0.54) 27.1 (0.50)

4 times poverty level or more ................... 14.4 (0.39) 13.0 (0.35) 28.1 (0.58) 19.9 (0.45) 24.5 (0.46)

Marital status:

Never married ............................ 20.7 (0.68) 19.7 (0.61) 38.3 (0.87) 24.2 (0.64) 27.0 (0.66)

Married ................................ 9.9 (0.26) 14.5 (0.29) 38.0 (0.53) 24.3 (0.39) 26.1 (0.37)

Cohabiting .............................. 26.8 (1.25) 36.0 (1.30) 38.7 (1.28) 25.1 (1.08) 28.1 (1.23)

Divorced or separated ....................... 12.3 (0.49) 26.6 (0.65) 45.4 (0.78) 31.3 (0.71) 35.7 (0.73)

Widowed ............................... 2.2 (0.24) 11.8 (0.51) 61.2 (0.88) 25.4 (0.69) 27.0 (0.69)

Geographic region:

Northeast ............................... 12.9 (0.53) 17.2 (0.53) 40.7 (0.93) 23.2 (0.65) 30.0 (0.66)

Midwest ................................ 15.7 (0.48) 20.9 (0.56) 35.7 (0.92) 26.4 (0.71) 28.4 (0.56)

South ................................. 10.0 (0.35) 18.5 (0.39) 47.7 (0.82) 26.9 (0.47) 27.6 (0.48)

West .................................. 11.8 (0.46) 13.5 (0.44) 37.0 (0.77) 23.0 (0.51) 24.7 (0.58)

* Estimates preceded by an asterisk have a relative standard error of greater than 30% and less than or equal to 50%. These should be interpreted with caution as they do not meet the standard of
 

reliability or precision.
 

† Estimates with a relative standard error greater than 50% are indicated with a dagger, but are not shown.
 

1

Five or more drinks in 1 day at least once in the past year was asked of only current drinkers but estimates reflect percent of all adults who engaged in this behavior (as shown in Table V).
 

2

Smoked at least 100 cigarettes in lifetime and currently smoked.
 

3

Never engaged in any light, moderate, or vigorous leisure-time physical activity.
 

4

Obese is defined as a body mass index (BMI) of greater than or equal to 30.
 

5

Usual number of hours of sleep in a 24-hour period.
 

6

Persons of other races and unknown race and ethnicity, unknown education, unknown poverty status, and unknown marital status are included in total.
 

7

Estimates are age adjusted using the projected 2000 U.S. population as the standard population and using three age groups: 18–44 years, 45–64 years, and 65 years and over.
 

8

GED is General Educational Development high school equivalency diploma.
 

9

Poverty status is based on family income and family size using the U.S. Census Bureau poverty thresholds for 2004, 2005, and 2006.
 

NOTES: For age-adjusted percentages, refer to Table 8.1. Denominator for each percentage excludes persons with unknown health behavior characteristic. See Appendix II for definitions of terms. See
 

Appendix III for health behavior questions.
 

DATA SOURCE: National Health Interview Survey, 2005–2007. Estimates are based on household interviews of a sample of the civilian noninstitutionalized population.
 
Series 10, No. 245 [ Page 129

Table XXI. Crude percentages (with standard errors) of adults 18 years of age and over who engaged in selected healthy behaviors, by

selected characteristics: United States, average annual, 2005–2007

Selected healthy behaviors

Never Any regular

smoked leisure-time Healthy Slept

Selected characteristic cigarettes1 physical activity2 weight3 7–8 hours4

Both sexes Percent (standard error)

Ages 18 years and over (crude)5 .................. 58.1 (0.27) 30.6 (0.29) 37.3 (0.25) 63.5 (0.24)

Ages 18 years and over (age-adjusted)5,6 ............ 58.5 (0.26) 30.7 (0.29) 37.7 (0.25) 63.5 (0.24)

Age:

18–24 years ............................. 69.8 (0.74) 37.5 (0.76) 54.3 (0.73) 64.7 (0.71)

25–44 years ............................. 62.5 (0.37) 33.0 (0.40) 37.5 (0.37) 64.1 (0.36)

45–64 years ............................. 51.7 (0.43) 29.5 (0.43) 30.7 (0.36) 63.5 (0.40)

65–74 years ............................. 48.4 (0.69) 25.4 (0.67) 31.5 (0.65) 63.5 (0.64)

75 years and over.......................... 56.2 (0.75) 17.4 (0.60) 43.1 (0.71) 58.0 (0.69)

Race:

White, single race . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56.2 (0.29) 31.6 (0.32) 37.5 (0.27) 64.7 (0.27)

Black or African American, single race ............. 65.6 (0.57) 23.8 (0.57) 29.6 (0.55) 55.6 (0.61)

American Indian or Alaska Native, single race ........ 52.1 (4.17) 27.2 (2.40) 29.5 (2.37) 59.1 (2.96)

Asian, single race . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77.7 (0.83) 29.7 (0.97) 57.9 (1.04) 64.2 (0.99)

Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander, single race.... 72.6 (5.61) 32.0 (6.18) 29.0 (5.20) 58.9 (5.99)

Two or more races ......................... 52.2 (2.19) 31.4 (1.89) 34.0 (1.92) 55.1 (2.07)

Black or African American, white ............... 65.4 (4.42) 32.4 (4.74) 40.0 (4.79) 57.2 (4.83)

American Indian or Alaska Native, white........... 43.0 (2.96) 27.3 (2.57) 28.0 (2.50) 55.6 (2.76)

Hispanic or Latino origin and race:

Hispanic or Latino .......................... 71.7 (0.54) 23.3 (0.51) 32.3 (0.53) 66.3 (0.52)

Mexican or Mexican American . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73.2 (0.64) 23.2 (0.66) 31.5 (0.66) 68.3 (0.66)

Not Hispanic or Latino ....................... 56.1 (0.29) 31.7 (0.32) 38.1 (0.27) 63.0 (0.26)

White, single race ........................ 53.4 (0.33) 33.1 (0.36) 38.3 (0.30) 64.4 (0.30)

Black or African American, single race ............ 65.3 (0.58) 23.6 (0.58) 29.5 (0.56) 55.5 (0.62)

Education:

Less than high school graduate ................. 53.6 (0.60) 17.2 (0.46) 33.5 (0.52) 59.1 (0.54)

GED diploma7 ............................ 32.5 (1.27) 21.8 (1.19) 30.2 (1.32) 51.9 (1.35)

High school graduate ........................ 53.7 (0.47) 23.5 (0.43) 34.9 (0.47) 62.7 (0.44)

Some college—no degree ..................... 56.7 (0.60) 33.5 (0.55) 38.2 (0.56) 61.4 (0.51)

Associate of arts degree ...................... 57.1 (0.71) 34.4 (0.72) 33.9 (0.67) 62.9 (0.67)

Bachelor of arts, science degree ................. 68.7 (0.50) 42.9 (0.61) 42.8 (0.54) 69.4 (0.50)

Masters, doctorate, medical degree ............... 70.1 (0.66) 46.6 (0.75) 44.7 (0.76) 70.0 (0.71)

Poverty status:8

Below poverty level ......................... 57.5 (0.79) 21.1 (0.70) 37.8 (0.71) 56.4 (0.63)

≥1 and <2 times poverty level .................. 56.2 (0.58) 22.6 (0.52) 36.3 (0.53) 59.8 (0.52)

≥2 and <4 times poverty level .................. 56.5 (0.43) 28.6 (0.42) 36.5 (0.45) 63.2 (0.39)

4 times poverty level or more ................... 60.6 (0.37) 39.1 (0.41) 38.3 (0.39) 67.7 (0.39)

Marital status:

Never married ............................ 66.5 (0.57) 36.1 (0.57) 46.1 (0.55) 63.3 (0.53)

Married ................................ 59.0 (0.32) 30.7 (0.36) 34.4 (0.31) 65.8 (0.30)

Cohabiting .............................. 43.6 (0.96) 31.3 (0.90) 39.3 (0.91) 60.8 (0.95)

Divorced or separated ....................... 46.7 (0.55) 27.6 (0.52) 34.4 (0.54) 56.8 (0.56)

Widowed ............................... 56.6 (0.75) 16.9 (0.57) 38.9 (0.67) 56.7 (0.71)

Geographic region:

Northeast ............................... 57.0 (0.63) 31.9 (0.61) 39.2 (0.61) 61.8 (0.55)

Midwest . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54.5 (0.55) 31.9 (0.66) 36.5 (0.54) 62.7 (0.52)

South ................................. 58.8 (0.44) 27.4 (0.48) 35.8 (0.38) 63.0 (0.40)

West . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62.0 (0.57) 33.6 (0.58) 39.3 (0.53) 66.5 (0.49)

Men

Ages 18 years and over (crude)5 .................. 51.8 (0.38) 32.7 (0.38) 30.7 (0.33) 63.6 (0.34)

Ages 18 years and over (age-adjusted)5,6 ............ 51.8 (0.37) 32.6 (0.38) 31.1 (0.33) 63.6 (0.34)

Age:

18–24 years ............................. 66.6 (1.11) 42.3 (1.12) 50.5 (1.06) 66.0 (1.04)

25–44 years ............................. 58.8 (0.54) 34.0 (0.54) 29.3 (0.49) 63.3 (0.52)

45–64 years ............................. 44.5 (0.58) 30.4 (0.56) 23.7 (0.48) 63.5 (0.56)

65–74 years ............................. 36.3 (0.96) 28.2 (0.96) 27.2 (0.87) 64.2 (0.94)

75 years and over.......................... 36.3 (1.18) 22.5 (0.99) 39.4 (1.09) 60.3 (1.12)

See footnotes at end of table.
Page 130 [ Series 10, No. 245

Table XXI. Crude percentages (with standard errors) of adults 18 years of age and over who engaged in selected healthy behaviors, by

selected characteristics: United States, average annual, 2005–2007—Con.

Selected healthy behaviors

Never Any regular

smoked leisure-time Healthy Slept

Selected characteristic cigarettes1 physical activity2 weight3 7–8 hours4

Men—Con. Percent (standard error)

Race:

White, single race . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50.4 (0.42) 33.2 (0.42) 29.8 (0.36) 64.8 (0.39)

Black or African American, single race ............. 57.7 (0.91) 29.5 (0.95) 29.7 (0.87) 55.9 (0.92)

American Indian or Alaska Native, single race ........ 47.8 (5.30) 28.8 (3.80) 27.4 (3.65) 64.4 (3.91)

Asian, single race . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65.2 (1.40) 32.9 (1.42) 50.3 (1.50) 63.1 (1.41)

Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander, single race.... 65.8 (8.42) 23.3 (6.68) *23.0 (7.58) 58.7 (9.58)

Two or more races ......................... 49.6 (3.02) 31.6 (2.67) 26.3 (2.39) 57.6 (3.06)

Black or African American, white ............... 60.4 (7.63) 43.1 (8.07) 40.1 (8.03) 61.7 (7.87)

American Indian or Alaska Native, white........... 40.4 (4.23) 26.8 (3.52) 21.6 (3.01) 58.2 (4.22)

Hispanic or Latino origin and race:

Hispanic or Latino .......................... 62.8 (0.84) 25.2 (0.71) 27.9 (0.76) 68.0 (0.76)

Mexican or Mexican American . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63.8 (1.00) 24.4 (0.84) 27.9 (0.94) 70.1 (0.93)

Not Hispanic or Latino ....................... 50.0 (0.41) 33.9 (0.42) 31.1 (0.36) 62.9 (0.37)

White, single race ........................ 48.1 (0.46) 34.8 (0.47) 30.1 (0.40) 64.1 (0.43)

Black or African American, single race ............ 57.2 (0.94) 29.1 (0.97) 29.8 (0.88) 55.7 (0.93)

Education:

Less than high school graduate ................. 43.8 (0.89) 19.9 (0.74) 32.5 (0.78) 61.8 (0.80)

GED diploma7 ............................ 25.3 (1.70) 26.1 (1.97) 27.5 (1.78) 51.9 (1.97)

High school graduate ........................ 46.0 (0.66) 25.4 (0.63) 29.7 (0.60) 62.9 (0.65)

Some college—no degree ..................... 52.1 (0.88) 35.5 (0.85) 31.1 (0.79) 60.7 (0.76)

Associate of arts degree ...................... 51.5 (1.10) 37.1 (1.06) 25.3 (0.97) 62.9 (1.05)

Bachelor of arts, science degree ................. 63.4 (0.78) 44.5 (0.82) 30.7 (0.76) 68.1 (0.73)

Masters, doctorate, medical degree ............... 67.5 (0.96) 47.5 (1.07) 35.0 (1.04) 69.7 (0.97)

Poverty status:8

Below poverty level ......................... 50.6 (1.25) 24.4 (1.13) 38.2 (1.07) 59.0 (0.99)

≥1 and <2 times poverty level .................. 47.4 (0.91) 24.8 (0.82) 33.9 (0.85) 60.8 (0.80)

≥2 and <4 times poverty level .................. 49.4 (0.62) 30.0 (0.59) 29.9 (0.56) 62.8 (0.59)

4 times poverty level or more ................... 55.8 (0.55) 40.2 (0.55) 27.9 (0.53) 66.6 (0.54)

Marital status:

Never married ............................ 62.5 (0.81) 39.9 (0.78) 43.4 (0.74) 64.0 (0.72)

Married ................................ 51.7 (0.46) 30.6 (0.47) 25.3 (0.39) 65.3 (0.44)

Cohabiting .............................. 40.8 (1.26) 32.8 (1.29) 33.2 (1.24) 60.6 (1.32)

Divorced or separated ....................... 38.6 (0.85) 31.9 (0.83) 29.4 (0.78) 56.0 (0.89)

Widowed ............................... 33.2 (1.44) 20.8 (1.30) 37.8 (1.55) 56.7 (1.55)

Geographic region:

Northeast ............................... 52.3 (0.97) 34.3 (0.94) 31.3 (0.82) 60.9 (0.79)

Midwest . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48.6 (0.78) 33.9 (0.82) 29.9 (0.67) 62.8 (0.75)

South ................................. 51.7 (0.61) 29.8 (0.62) 29.8 (0.53) 63.3 (0.56)

West . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55.1 (0.79) 35.0 (0.75) 32.5 (0.72) 67.2 (0.69)

Women

Ages 18 years and over (crude)5 .................. 64.0 (0.33) 28.7 (0.35) 43.8 (0.34) 63.3 (0.30)

Ages 18 years and over (age-adjusted)5,6 ............ 64.4 (0.33) 28.9 (0.35) 44.2 (0.34) 63.4 (0.31)

Age:

18–24 years ............................. 73.1 (0.89) 32.9 (0.95) 58.2 (0.97) 63.4 (0.95)

25–44 years ............................. 66.2 (0.48) 32.1 (0.51) 45.9 (0.52) 64.8 (0.47)

45–64 years ............................. 58.4 (0.56) 28.7 (0.53) 37.7 (0.54) 63.6 (0.51)

65–74 years ............................. 58.6 (0.92) 23.0 (0.84) 35.4 (0.96) 62.9 (0.87)

75 years and over.......................... 69.0 (0.85) 14.0 (0.68) 45.6 (0.90) 56.5 (0.88)

Race:

White, single race . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61.6 (0.37) 30.2 (0.39) 45.0 (0.39) 64.7 (0.33)

Black or African American, single race ............. 71.9 (0.68) 19.2 (0.60) 29.5 (0.69) 55.3 (0.78)

American Indian or Alaska Native, single race ........ 56.3 (4.14) 25.7 (2.81) 31.7 (3.12) 53.7 (3.42)

Asian, single race . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89.5 (0.78) 26.7 (1.28) 65.2 (1.41) 65.1 (1.41)

Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander, single race.... 80.2 (6.77) 42.1 (9.56) 35.7 (8.04) 59.1 (8.07)

Two or more races ......................... 54.8 (2.98) 31.2 (2.59) 41.8 (2.88) 52.7 (2.67)

Black or African American, white ............... 68.8 (5.42) 25.0 (5.71) 39.9 (6.18) 54.1 (5.89)

American Indian or Alaska Native, white........... 46.1 (4.09) 27.9 (3.60) 35.7 (4.13) 52.5 (3.65)

See footnotes at end of table.
Series 10, No. 245 [ Page 131

Table XXI. Crude percentages (with standard errors) of adults 18 years of age and over who engaged in selected healthy behaviors, by

selected characteristics: United States, average annual, 2005–2007—Con.

Selected healthy behaviors

Never Any regular

smoked leisure-time Healthy Slept

Selected characteristic cigarettes1 physical activity2 weight3 7–8 hours4

Women—Con. Percent (standard error)

Hispanic or Latino origin and race:

Hispanic or Latino .......................... 81.1 (0.55) 21.3 (0.65) 37.2 (0.73) 64.5 (0.71)

Mexican or Mexican American ................. 83.6 (0.67) 21.8 (0.89) 35.6 (0.94) 66.3 (0.93)

Not Hispanic or Latino ....................... 61.6 (0.37) 29.7 (0.38) 44.7 (0.37) 63.1 (0.33)

White, single race ........................ 58.4 (0.41) 31.6 (0.44) 46.2 (0.42) 64.6 (0.37)

Black or African American, single race ............ 71.8 (0.68) 19.2 (0.61) 29.3 (0.69) 55.3 (0.79)

Education:

Less than high school graduate ................. 63.0 (0.71) 14.5 (0.50) 34.5 (0.70) 56.5 (0.69)

GED diploma7 ............................ 40.1 (1.83) 17.3 (1.35) 33.2 (1.89) 51.9 (1.92)

High school graduate ........................ 60.8 (0.63) 21.8 (0.55) 40.0 (0.63) 62.5 (0.57)

Some college—no degree ..................... 60.7 (0.71) 31.7 (0.66) 44.6 (0.73) 62.0 (0.67)

Associate of arts degree ...................... 61.4 (0.91) 32.3 (0.91) 40.9 (0.92) 62.9 (0.89)

Bachelor of arts, science degree ................. 73.9 (0.65) 41.2 (0.79) 55.2 (0.75) 70.6 (0.66)

Masters, doctorate, medical degree ............... 72.9 (0.92) 45.7 (1.03) 55.4 (1.08) 70.3 (0.94)

Poverty status:8

Below poverty level ......................... 62.5 (0.84) 18.8 (0.67) 37.6 (0.82) 54.6 (0.73)

≥1 and <2 times poverty level .................. 63.4 (0.63) 20.7 (0.57) 38.3 (0.66) 58.9 (0.64)

≥2 and <4 times poverty level .................. 63.1 (0.57) 27.2 (0.56) 43.0 (0.66) 63.5 (0.55)

4 times poverty level or more ................... 65.7 (0.50) 38.0 (0.57) 49.8 (0.61) 68.8 (0.50)

Marital status:

Never married ............................ 71.2 (0.70) 31.5 (0.76) 49.5 (0.80) 62.6 (0.74)

Married ................................ 66.3 (0.41) 30.8 (0.47) 43.8 (0.45) 66.2 (0.39)

Cohabiting .............................. 46.8 (1.37) 29.7 (1.22) 46.3 (1.32) 61.1 (1.34)

Divorced or separated ....................... 52.2 (0.71) 24.7 (0.61) 37.9 (0.71) 57.2 (0.74)

Widowed ............................... 62.4 (0.81) 16.0 (0.61) 39.2 (0.74) 56.7 (0.79)

Geographic region:

Northeast ............................... 61.1 (0.71) 29.7 (0.75) 46.4 (0.83) 62.6 (0.70)

Midwest ................................ 60.0 (0.76) 30.1 (0.78) 43.1 (0.79) 62.6 (0.61)

South ................................. 65.3 (0.51) 25.2 (0.57) 41.5 (0.54) 62.7 (0.52)

West .................................. 68.9 (0.68) 32.2 (0.71) 46.3 (0.67) 65.8 (0.64)

* Estimates preceded by an asterisk have a relative standard error of greater than 30% and less than or equal to 50%. These should be interpreted with caution as they do not meet the standard of
 

reliability or precision.
 

1

Never smoked cigarettes or smoked fewer than 100 cigarettes in lifetime.
 

2

Engaged in light-moderate leisure-time physical activity at least 5 times per week for at least 30 minutes each time or engaged in vigorous leisure-time physical activity at least 3 times per week for at
 

least 20 minutes each time or both.
 

3

Healthy weight is a BMI of greater than or equal to 18.5 and less than 25.
 

4

Usual number of hours of sleep in a 24-hour period.
 

5

Persons of other races and unknown race and ethnicity, unknown education, unknown poverty status, and unknown marital status are included in total.
 

6

Estimates are age adjusted using the projected 2000 U.S. population as the standard population and using three age groups: 18–44 years, 45–64 years, and 65 years and over.
 

7

GED is General Educational Development high school equivalency diploma.
 

8

Poverty status is based on family income and family size using the U.S. Census Bureau poverty thresholds for 2004, 2005, and 2006.
 

NOTES: For age-adjusted percentages, refer to Table 8.2. Denominator for each percentage excludes persons with unknown health behavior characteristics. See Appendix II for definitions of terms.
 

See Appendix III for health behavior questions.
 

DATA SOURCE: National Health Interview Survey, 2005–2007. Estimates are based on household interviews of a sample of the civilian noninstitutionalized population.
 
Page 132 [ Series 10, No. 245

Table XXII. Number of adults 18 years of age and over, by selected characteristics: United States, average annual, 2005–2007

Selected characteristic Both sexes Men Women

Number (in thousands)

Total1 ................................... 220,407 106,307 114,100

Age

18–24 years ............................... 28,469 14,267 14,202

25–44 years ............................... 82,102 40,764 41,337

45–64 years ............................... 74,212 36,052 38,160

65–74 years ............................... 18,928 8,704 10,224

75 years and over ........................... 16,697 6,519 10,177

Race

White, single race ........................... 180,250 87,677 92,573

Black or African American, single race............... 25,802 11,568 14,234

American Indian or Alaska Native, single race .......... 1,825 921 903

Asian, single race ........................... 9,553 4,645 4,908

Native Hawaiian or other Pacific Islander, single race ..... 333 182 151

Two or more races ........................... 2,646 1,314 1,331

Black or African American, white ................. 363 150 213

American Indian or Alaska Native, white ............ 1,282 684 598

Hispanic or Latino origin and race

Hispanic or Latino ........................... 28,764 14,793 13,970

Mexican or Mexican American .................. 17,863 9,410 8,452

Not Hispanic or Latino......................... 191,644 91,514 100,130

White, single race .......................... 153,640 73,992 79,648

Black or African American, single race ............. 24,968 11,160 13,809

Education

Less than high school graduate ................... 35,504 17,537 17,967

GED diploma2

.............................. 6,004 3,089 2,915

High school graduate ......................... 57,593 27,733 29,860

Some college—no degree ...................... 41,412 19,287 22,125

Associate of arts degree ....................... 20,824 9,128 11,696

Bachelor of arts, science degree .................. 37,284 18,380 18,904

Masters, doctorate, medical degree ................ 19,284 9,967 9,317

Poverty3

Below poverty level .......................... 26,926 11,210 15,716

≥1 and <2 times poverty level .................... 41,015 18,645 22,371

≥2 and <4 times poverty level .................... 67,910 32,842 35,068

4 times poverty level or more .................... 84,556 43,610 40,945

Marital status

Never married.............................. 44,278 24,250 20,028

Married .................................. 124,441 62,339 62,102

Cohabiting ................................ 13,381 6,999 6,382

Divorced or separated......................... 23,832 9,706 14,126

Widowed ................................. 13,689 2,715 10,974

Geographic region

Northeast ................................ 39,028 18,235 20,793

Midwest ................................. 53,097 25,808 27,290

South ................................... 81,397 38,979 42,418

West ................................... 46,884 23,285 23,599

1

Persons of other races and unknown race and ethnicity, unknown education, unknown poverty status, and unknown marital status are included in total.
 

2

GED is General Educational Development high school equivalency diploma.
 

3

Poverty status is based on family income and family size using the U.S. Census Bureau poverty thresholds for 2004, 2005, and 2006.
 

NOTES: Population estimates can be used in conjuction with the unadjusted statistics to calculate the numbers of persons in each category shown in the Appendix IV tables of the report. See
 

Appendix II for definitions of terms.
 

DATA SOURCE: National Health Interview Survey, 2005–2007. Estimates are based on household interviews of a sample of the civilian noninstitutionalized population.
 
Vital and Health Statistics

Series Descriptions

ACTIVE SERIES

Series 1.	 Programs and Collection Procedures—This type of report

describes the data collection programs of the National Center

for Health Statistics. Series 1 includes descriptions of the

methods used to collect and process the data, definitions, and

other material necessary for understanding the data.

Series 2.	 Data Evaluation and Methods Research—This type of

report concerns statistical methods and includes analytical

techniques, objective evaluations of reliability of collected

data, and contributions to statistical theory. Also included are

experimental tests of new survey methods, comparisons of

U.S. methodologies with those of other countries, and as of

2009, studies of cognition and survey measurement, and final

reports of major committees concerning vital and health

statistics measurement and methods.

Series 3.	 Analytical and Epidemiological Studies—This type of

report presents analytical or interpretive studies based on vital

and health statistics. As of 2009, Series 3 also includes

studies based on surveys that are not part of continuing data

systems of the National Center for Health Statistics and

international vital and health statistics reports.

Series 10.	 Data From the National Health Interview Survey—This

type of report contains statistics on illness; unintentional

injuries; disability; use of hospital, medical, and other health

services; and a wide range of special current health topics

covering many aspects of health behaviors, health status, and

health care utilization. Series 10 is based on data collected in

this continuing national household interview survey.

Series 11.	 Data From the National Health Examination Survey, the

National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys, and

the Hispanic Health and Nutrition Examination Survey—

In this type of report, data from direct examination, testing,

and measurement on representative samples of the civilian

noninstitutionalized population provide the basis for (1)

medically defined total prevalence of specific diseases or

conditions in the United States and the distributions of the

population with respect to physical, physiological, and

psychological characteristics, and (2) analyses of trends and

relationships among various measurements and between

survey periods.

Series 13.	 Data From the National Health Care Survey—This type of

report contains statistics on health resources and the public’s

use of health care resources including ambulatory, hospital,

and long-term care services based on data collected directly

from health care providers and provider records.

Series 20.	 Data on Mortality—This type of report contains statistics on

mortality that are not included in regular, annual, or monthly

reports. Special analyses by cause of death, age, other

demographic variables, and geographic and trend analyses

are included.

Series 21.	 Data on Natality, Marriage, and Divorce—This type of

report contains statistics on natality, marriage, and divorce

that are not included in regular, annual, or monthly reports.

Special analyses by health and demographic variables and

geographic and trend analyses are included.

Series 23.	 Data From the National Survey of Family Growth—These

reports contain statistics on factors that affect birth rates,

including contraception and infertility; factors affecting the

formation and dissolution of families, including cohabitation,

marriage, divorce, and remarriage; and behavior related to

the risk of HIV and other sexually transmitted diseases.

These statistics are based on national surveys of women and

men of childbearing age.

DISCONTINUED SERIES

Series 4.	 Documents and Committee Reports—These are final

reports of major committees concerned with vital and health

statistics and documents. The last Series 4 report was

published in 2002. As of 2009, this type of report is included

in Series 2 or another appropriate series, depending on the

report topic.

Series 5.	 International Vital and Health Statistics Reports—This

type of report compares U.S. vital and health statistics with

those of other countries or presents other international data of

relevance to the health statistics system of the United States.

The last Series 5 report was published in 2003. As of 2009,

this type of report is included in Series 3 or another series,

depending on the report topic.

Series 6.	 Cognition and Survey Measurement—This type of report

uses methods of cognitive science to design, evaluate, and

test survey instruments. The last Series 6 report was

published in 1999. As of 2009, this type of report is included

in Series 2.

Series 12.	 Data From the Institutionalized Population Surveys— The

last Series 12 report was published in 1974. Reports from

these surveys are included in Series 13.

Series 14.	 Data on Health Resources: Manpower and Facilities—

The last Series 14 report was published in 1989. Reports on

health resources are included in Series 13.

Series 15.	 Data From Special Surveys— This type of report contains

statistics on health and health-related topics collected in

special surveys that are not part of the continuing data

systems of the National Center for Health Statistics. The last

Series 15 report was published in 2002. As of 2009, reports

based on these surveys are included in Series 3.

Series 16.	 Compilations of Advance Data From Vital and Health

Statistics— The last Series 16 report was published in 1996.

All reports are available online, and so compilations of

Advance Data reports are no longer needed.

Series 22.	 Data From the National Mortality and Natality Surveys—

The last Series 22 report was published in 1973. Reports

from these sample surveys, based on vital records, are

published in Series 20 or 21.

Series 24.	 Compilations of Data on Natality, Mortality, Marriage, and

Divorce—The last Series 24 report was published in 1996.

All reports are available online, and so compilations of reports

are no longer needed.

For answers to questions about this report or for a list of reports published

in these series, contact:

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Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

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DHHS Publication No. (PHS) 2010–1573, Series 10, No. 245