PROPOSED AMENDMENT TO

INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS

AND RECOMMENDED PRACTICES

OPERATION OF AIRCRAFT

ANNEX 6

TO THE CONVENTION ON INTERNATIONAL AVIATION

PART I

INTERNATIONAL COMMERCIAL AIR TRANSPORT — AEROPLANES

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CHAPTER 1. DEFINITIONS

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Fatigue Risk Management System (FRMS ). A data-driven means of continuously monitoring and managing fatigue-related safety risks, based upon s cientific principles and knowledge as well as operational experience that aims to ensure relevant personnel are performing at adequate levels of

alertness.

Fatigue . A physiological state of reduced mental or physi cal performance capability resulting from sleep loss or extended wakefulness, circadian phase, or w orkload (mental and/or physical activity) that can impair a crew member’s alertness and ability to saf ely operate an aircraft or perform safety-related

duties..

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4.10 Fatigue Management

4.10.1 The State of the Operator shall establish regulations for the purpose of managing fatigue. These regulations shall be based upon scientific pr inciples and knowledge, with the aim of ensuring th at flight and cabin crew members are performing at an adequate level of alertness. Accordingly, the Stat e of the Operator shall establish:

a) regulations for flight time, flight duty period, du ty period and rest period limitations; and

b) where authorizing an operator to use a Fatigue Risk Management System (FRMS) to manage fatigue, FRMS regulations.

Note.— Guidance for the development of prescriptive regulations to manage fatigue is given in Attachment A and detailed requirements for an FRMS are in Appendix 8 .

4.10.2 The State of the Operator shall require t hat the operator, in compliance with 4.10.1 and for the purposes of managing its fatigue-related safety risks, establish either:

a) flight time, flight duty period, duty period and re st period limitation that are within the prescriptive fatigue management regulations establi shed by the State of the Operator; or

b) a Fatigue Risk Management System (FRMS) in complian ce with 4.10.6 for all operations; orB-2

c) an FRMS in compliance with 4.10.6 for part of it s operations and the requirements of 4.10.2 a) for the remainder of its operations.

Note.— Guidance for the implementation and oversigh t of an FRMS is given in the Fatigue Risk Management Systems Manual (Doc xxxx).

4.10.3 Where the operator adopts prescriptive fa tigue management regulations for part or all of its operations, the State of the Operator may approve, in exceptional circumstances, variations to these regulations on the basis of a risk assessment provi ded by the operator. Approved variations shall pro vide a level of safety equivalent to, or better than, th at achieved through the prescriptive fatigue manage ment regulations.

4.10.4 The State of the Operator shall approve a n operator’s FRMS before it may take the place of any or all of the prescriptive fatigue management r egulations. An approved FRMS shall provide a level of safety equivalent to, or better than, the prescript ive fatigue management regulations.

4.10.5 States that approve an operator’s FRMS sh all establish a process to ensure that an FRMS provides a level of safety equivalent to, or better than, the prescriptive fatigue management regulati ons. As part of this process, the State of the Operator shall:

a) require that the operator establish maximum values for flight times and/or flight duty periods(s) and duty period(s), and minimum values for rest per iods. These values shall be based upon scientific principles and knowledge, subject to saf ety assurance processes, and acceptable to the State of the Operator;

b) mandate a decrease in maximum values and an increas e in minimum values in the event that the operator’s data indicates these values are too high or too low, respectively; and

c) approve any increase in maximum values or decrease in minimum values only after evaluating the operator’s justification for such changes, base d on accumulated FRMS experience and fatigue-related data.

Note.— Safety assurance processes are described in Appendix 8.

4.10.6 Where an operator implements an FRMS to m anage fatigue-related safety risks, the operator shall, as a minimum:

a) incorporate scientific principles and knowledge wit hin the FRMS;

b) identify fatigue-related safety hazards and the res ulting risks on an ongoing basis;

c) ensure that remedial actions, necessary to effectiv ely mitigate the risks associated with the hazards, are implemented promptly;

d) provide for continuous monitoring and regular asses sment of the mitigation of fatigue risks achieved by such actions; and

e) provide for continuous improvement to the overall p erformance of the FRMS.

Note.— Detailed requirements for an FRMS are in App endix 8.B-3

4.10.7 Recommendation
.— States should require that, where an operator has a n FRMS, it is integrated with the operator’s SMS.

Note.— The integration of FRMS and SMS is described in the FRMS Manual (Doc xxxx).

4.10.8 An operator shall maintain records for al l its flight and cabin crew members of flight time, flight duty periods, duty periods, and rest periods for a period of time specified by the State of the Operator.

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APPENDIX 8. FATIGUE RISK MANAGEMENT SYSTEM REQUIRE MENTS

Note 1.— Guidance on the development, implementatio n, approval and monitoring of an FRMS is

contained in the FRMS Manual (Doc xxxx).

A Fatigue Risk Management System (FRMS) established in accordance with Chapter 4, 4.10.6, shall contain, at a minimum:

1. FRMS policy and documentation

1.1 FRMS policy

1.1.1 The operator shall define its FRMS policy, with all elements of the FRMS clearly identified.

1.1.2 The policy shall require that the scope of FRMS operations be clearly defined in the Operations Manual.

1.1.3 The policy shall:

a) reflect the shared responsibility of management, fl ight and cabin crews, and other involved personnel;

b) clearly state the safety objectives of the FRMS;

c) be signed by the accountable executive of the or ganization;

d) be communicated, with visible endorsement, to al l the relevant areas and levels of the organization;

e) declare management commitment to effective safet y reporting;

f) declare management commitment to the provision o f adequate resources for the FRMS;

g) declare management commitment to continuous impr ovement of the FRMS;

h) require that clear lines of accountability for m anagement, flight and cabin crews, and all other involved personnel are identified; andB-4

i) require periodic reviews to ensure it remains re levant and appropriate.

Note.— Effective safety reporting is described in D oc 9859, Safety Management Manual (SMM)

.

1.2 FRMS documentation

An operator shall develop and keep current FRMS doc umentation that describes and records:

a) FRMS policy and objectives;

b) FRMS processes and procedures;

c) accountabilities, responsibilities and authorities for these processes and procedures;

d) mechanisms for ongoing involvement of management, f light and cabin crew members, and all other involved personnel;

e) FRMS training programmes, training requirements and attendance records;

f) scheduled and actual flight times, duty periods and rest periods with significant deviations and reasons for deviations noted; and

g) FRMS outputs including findings from collected data , recommendations, and actions taken.

2. Fatigue risk management processes

2.1 Identification of hazards

An operator shall develop and maintain three fundam ental and documented processes for fatigue hazard

identification:

2.1.1 Predictive

The predictive process shall identify fatigue hazar ds by examining crew scheduling and taking into account factors known to affect sleep and fatigue a nd their effects on performance. Methods of examination may include but are not limited to:

a) operator or industry operational experience and dat a collected on similar types of operations;

b) evidence-based scheduling practices; and

c) bio-mathematical models.

2.1.2 Proactive

The proactive process shall identify fatigue hazard s within current flight operations. Methods of examination may include but are not limited to:

a) self-reporting of fatigue risks;B-5

b) crew fatigue surveys;

c) relevant flight and cabin crew performance data;

d) available safety databases and scientific studies; and

e) analysis of planned versus actual time worked.

2.1.3 Reactive

The reactive process shall identify the contributio n of fatigue hazards to reports and events associat ed with potential negative safety consequences in orde r to determine how the impact of fatigue could have been minimized. At a minimum, the process may be tr iggered by any of the following:

a) fatigue reports;

b) confidential reports;

c) audit reports;

d) incidents; and

e) flight data analysis events.

2.2 Risk assessment

An operator shall develop and implement risk assess ment procedures that determine the probability and potential severity of fatigue-related events and id entify when the associated risks require mitigation

.

2.2.1 The risk assessment procedures shall review identif ied hazards and link them to:

a) operational processes;

b) their probability;

c) possible consequences; and

d) the effectiveness of existing safety barriers and c ontrols.

2.3 Risk mitigation

2.3.1 An operator shall develop and implement ri sk mitigation procedures that:

a) select the appropriate mitigation strategies;

b) implement the mitigation strategies; and

c) monitor the strategies’ implementation and effectiv eness.B-6

3. FRMS safety assurance processes

3.1 The operator shall develop and maintain FRMS safe ty assurance processes to:

a) provide for continuous FRMS performance monitoring, analysis of trends, and measurement to validate the effectiveness of the fatigue safety ri sk controls. The sources of data may include, but

are not limited to:

1) hazard reporting and investigations;

2) audits and surveys; and

3) reviews and fatigue studies;

b) provide a formal process for the management of chan ge which shall include but is not limited to:

1) identification of changes in the operational enviro nment that may affect FRMS;

2) identification of changes within the organization t hat may affect FRMS; and

3) consideration of available tools which could be use d to maintain or improve FRMS performance prior to implementing changes; and

c) provide for the continuous improvement of the FRMS. This shall include but is not limited to:

1) the elimination and/or modification of risk control s have had unintended consequences or that are no longer needed due to changes in the operatio nal or organizational environment;

2) routine evaluations of facilities, equipment, docum entation and procedures; and

3) the determination of the need to introduce new proc esses and procedures to mitigate emerging fatigue-related risks.

4. FRMS promotion processes

4.1 FRMS promotion processes support the ongoing develo pment of the FRMS, the continuous improvement of its overall performance, and attainm ent of optimum safety levels. The following shall be established and implemented by the operator as part of its FRMS:

a) training programmes to ensure competency commensura te with the roles and responsibilities of management, flight and cabin crew, and all other in volved personnel under the planned FRMS;

and

b) an effective FRMS communication plan that:

1) explains FRMS policies, procedures and responsibili ties to all relevant stakeholders; and

2) describes communication channels used to gather and disseminate FRMS-related

information.

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