Exhibit 10.1


 


FORM OF SECURITIES PURCHASE AGREEMENT


 


This Securities
Purchase Agreement (this “Agreement”) is dated as of April 13, 2022, between Blue Water Vaccines Inc., a Delaware corporation
(the “Company”), and each purchaser identified on the signature pages hereto (each, including its successors and assigns,
a “Purchaser” and collectively the “Purchasers”).


 


WHEREAS, subject
to the terms and conditions set forth in this Agreement and pursuant to Section 4(a)(2) of the Securities Act (as defined below), and/or
Rule 506 of Regulation D promulgated thereunder, the Company desires to issue and sell to each Purchaser, and each Purchaser, severally
and not jointly, desires to purchase from the Company, securities of the Company as more fully described in this Agreement.


 


NOW, THEREFORE,
IN CONSIDERATION of the mutual covenants contained in this Agreement, and for other good and valuable consideration the receipt and adequacy
of which are hereby acknowledged, the Company and each Purchaser agree as follows:


 


ARTICLE I.


DEFINITIONS


 


1.1 Definitions.
In addition to the terms defined elsewhere in this Agreement, for all purposes of this Agreement, the following terms have the meanings
set forth in this Section 1.1:


 


“Acquiring Person” shall have the meaning
ascribed to such term in Section 4.5.


 


“Action” shall have the meaning ascribed
to such term in Section 3.1(j).


 


“Affiliate”
means any Person that, directly or indirectly through one or more intermediaries, controls or is controlled by or is under common control
with a Person as such terms are used in and construed under Rule 405 under the Securities Act.


 


“Board of Directors” means the board of
directors of the Company.


 


“Business
Day” means any day other than Saturday, Sunday or other day on which commercial banks in The City of New York are authorized
or required by law to remain closed; provided, however, for clarification, commercial banks shall not be deemed to be authorized
or required by law to remain closed due to “stay at home”, “shelter-in-place”, “non-essential employee”
or any other similar orders or restrictions or the closure of any physical branch locations at the direction of any governmental authority
so long as the electronic funds transfer systems (including for wire transfers) of commercial banks in The City of New York generally
are open for use by customers on such day.


 


“Closing” means the closing of the purchase and sale
of the Securities pursuant to Section 2.1.


 


“Closing
Date” means the Trading Day on which all of the Transaction Documents have been executed and delivered by the applicable
parties thereto, and all conditions precedent to (i) the Purchasers’ obligations to pay the Subscription Amount and (ii) the
Company’s obligations to deliver the Securities, in each case, have been satisfied or waived.


 






     


     


    

 


“Commission” means the United States Securities
and Exchange Commission. “Common Stock” means the common stock of the Company, par value $0.00001 per share, and
any other class of securities into which such securities may hereafter be reclassified or changed.


 


“Common
Stock Equivalents” means any securities of the Company or the Subsidiaries which would entitle the holder thereof to acquire
at any time Common Stock, including, without limitation, any debt, preferred stock, right, option, warrant or other instrument that is
at any time convertible into or exercisable or exchangeable for, or otherwise entitles the holder thereof to receive, Common Stock.


 


“Company
Counsel” means Ellenoff Grossman & Schole LLP, with offices located at 1345 Avenue of the Americas, 11th Floor, New York,
New York 10105.


 


“Disclosure
Schedules” means the Disclosure Schedules of the Company delivered concurrently herewith.


 


“Disclosure
Time” means, (i) if this Agreement is signed on a day that is not a Trading Day or after 9:00 a.m. (New York City time) and
before midnight (New York City time) on any Trading Day, 9:01 a.m. (New York City time) on the Trading Day immediately following the date
hereof, unless otherwise instructed as to an earlier time by the Placement Agent, and (ii) if this Agreement is signed between midnight
(New York City time) and 9:00 a.m. (New York City time) on any Trading Day, no later than 9:01 a.m. (New York City time) on the date hereof,
unless otherwise instructed as to an earlier time by the Placement Agent.


 


“Effective
Date” means the earliest of the date that (a) the initial Registration Statement registering for resale all Shares and Warrant
Shares has been declared effective by the Commission, (b) all of the Shares and Warrant Shares have been sold pursuant to Rule 144 or
may be sold pursuant to Rule 144 without the requirement for the Company to be in compliance with the current public information required
under Rule 144 and without volume or manner-of-sale restrictions, (c) following the one year anniversary of the Closing Date provided
that a holder of Shares or Warrant Shares is not an Affiliate of the Company, or (d) all of the Shares and Warrant Shares may be sold
pursuant to an exemption from registration under Section 4(a)(1) of the Securities Act without volume or manner-of- sale restrictions
and Company Counsel has delivered to such holders a standing written unqualified opinion that resales may then be made by such holders
of the Shares and Warrant Shares pursuant to such exemption which opinion shall be in form and substance reasonably acceptable to such
holders.


 


“Escrow
Agent” means Continental Stock Transfer & Trust Company, with offices at 1 State Street, New York, New York 10004.


 








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“Escrow Agreement” means the escrow
agreement entered into, by and among the Company, the Escrow Agent and the Placement Agent pursuant to which the Purchasers shall
deposit Subscription Amounts with the Escrow Agent to be applied to the transactions contemplated hereunder.


 


“Evaluation Date” shall have the meaning
ascribed to such term in Section 3.1(s).


 


“Exchange
Act” means the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder.


 


“Exempt
Issuance” means the issuance of (a) shares of Common Stock or options to employees, officers or directors of the Company pursuant
to any stock or option plan duly adopted for such purpose, by a majority of the non-employee members of the Board of Directors or a majority
of the members of a committee of non-employee directors established for such purpose for services rendered to the Company, (b) warrants
to the Placement Agent in connection with the transactions pursuant to this Agreement (the “Placement Agent Warrants”)
and any shares of Common Stock upon exercise of the warrants to the Placement Agent, if applicable, warrants to purchase up to 100,000
shares of common Stock to be issued to Boustead Securities, LLC with the same terms as the Placement Agent Warrants and the shares of
Common Stock issuable thereunder and/or shares of Common Stock upon the exercise or exchange of or conversion of any Securities issued
hereunder and/or other securities exercisable or exchangeable for or convertible into shares of Common Stock issued and outstanding on
the date of this Agreement, provided that such securities have not been amended since the date of this Agreement to increase the number
of such securities or to decrease the exercise price, exchange price or conversion price of such securities (other than in connection
with stock splits or combinations) or to extend the term of such securities, and (c) securities issued pursuant to acquisitions or strategic
transactions approved by a majority of the disinterested directors of the Company, provided that such securities are issued as “restricted
securities” (as defined in Rule 144) and carry no registration rights that require or permit the filing of any registration statement
in connection therewith during the prohibition period in Section 4.12(a) herein, and provided that any such issuance shall only be to
a Person (or to the equityholders of a Person) which is, itself or through its subsidiaries, an operating company or an owner of an asset
in a business synergistic with the business of the Company and shall provide to the Company additional benefits in addition to the investment
of funds, but shall not include a transaction in which the Company is issuing securities primarily for the purpose of raising capital
or to an entity whose primary business is investing in securities.


 


“FCPA” means the Foreign Corrupt Practices
Act of 1977, as amended.


 


“FDA” shall have the meaning ascribed to
such term in Section 3.1(ll).


 


“FDCA” shall have the meaning ascribed
to such term in Section 3.1(ll).


 


“GAAP” shall have the meaning
ascribed to such term in Section 3.1(h).


 


“Indebtedness” shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 3.1(bb).


 


“Intellectual Property Rights” shall have
the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 3.1(p).


 






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“Legend Removal Date” shall have the meaning ascribed
to such term in Section 4.1(c).


 


“Liens” means
a lien, charge, pledge, security interest, encumbrance, right of first refusal, preemptive right or other restriction.


 


“Material Adverse Effect” shall have the meaning
assigned to such term in Section 3.1(b).


 


“Material Permits” shall have the meaning
ascribed to such term in Section 3.1(n).


 


“Per
Share Purchase Price” equals $6.775, subject to adjustment for reverse and forward stock splits, stock dividends, stock combinations
and other similar transactions of the Common Stock that occur after the date of this Agreement and prior to the Closing Date.


 


“Per
Pre-Funded Warrants Purchase Price” equals $6.774, subject to adjustment for reverse and forward stock splits, stock dividends,
stock combinations and other similar transactions of the Common Stock that occur after the date of this Agreement and prior to the Closing
Date.


 


“Person”
means an individual or corporation, partnership, trust, incorporated or unincorporated association, joint venture, limited liability company,
joint stock company, government (or an agency or subdivision thereof) or other entity of any kind.


 


“Pharmaceutical Product” shall have the meaning ascribed
to such term in Section 3.1(hh).


 


“Placement Agent” means H.C. Wainwright
& Co., LLC.


 


“Preferred
Investment Options” means, collectively, the Preferred Investment Options delivered to the Purchasers at the Closing in accordance
with Section 2.2(a) hereof, which Preferred Investment Options shall be exercisable immediately upon issuance and have a term of exercise
equal to four (4) years, in the form of Exhibit A-2 attached hereto.


 


“Preferred Investment Option
Shares” means the shares of Common Stock issuable upon exercise of the Preferred Investment Options.


 


“Pre-Funded Warrants” means,
collectively, the Pre-Funded Common Stock purchase warrants delivered to the Purchasers at the Closing in accordance with Section
2.2(a) hereof, which Pre-Funded Warrants shall be exercisable immediately and will expire when exercised in full, in the form of Exhibit
A-1 attached hereto.


 


“Pre-Funded Warrant Shares”
means the shares of Common Stock issuable upon exercise of the Pre-Funded Warrants.


 






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“Proceeding”
means an action, claim, suit, investigation or proceeding (including, without limitation, an informal investigation or partial proceeding,
such as a deposition), whether commenced or threatened.


 


“Public Information Failure” shall
have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 4.2(b).


 


“Public
Information Failure Payments” shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 4.2(b).


 


“Purchaser Party” shall have the meaning
ascribed to such term in Section 4.8.


 


“Registration
Rights Agreement” means the Registration Rights Agreement, dated on or about the date hereof, among the Company and the Purchasers,
in the form of Exhibit B attached hereto.


 


“Registration
Statement” means a registration statement meeting the requirements set forth in the Registration Rights Agreement and covering
the resale by the Purchasers of the Shares and the Warrant Shares.


 


“Required Approvals” shall have the meaning ascribed
to such term in Section 3.1(e).


 


“Rule
144” means Rule 144 promulgated by the Commission pursuant to the Securities Act, as such Rule may be amended or interpreted
from time to time, or any similar rule or regulation hereafter adopted by the Commission having substantially the same purpose and effect
as such Rule.


 


“Rule
424” means Rule 424 promulgated by the Commission pursuant to the Securities Act, as such Rule may be amended or interpreted
from time to time, or any similar rule or regulation hereafter adopted by the Commission having substantially the same purpose and effect
as such Rule.


 


“SEC Reports” shall have the meaning ascribed
to such term in Section 3.1(h).


 


“Securities” means the Shares, the Warrants
and the Warrant Shares.


 


“Securities
Act” means the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder.


 


“Shares”
means the shares of Common Stock issued or issuable to each Purchaser pursuant to this Agreement, but excluding the Warrant Shares.


 


“Short
Sales” means all “short sales” as defined in Rule 200 of Regulation SHO under the Exchange Act (but shall not be
deemed to include locating and/or borrowing shares of Common Stock).


 






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“Subscription
Amount” means, as to each Purchaser, the aggregate amount to be paid for Shares (and/or the Pre-Funded Warrants) and Preferred
Investment Options purchased hereunder as specified below such Purchaser’s name on the signature page of this Agreement and next
to the heading “Subscription Amount,” in United States dollars and in immediately available funds (minus, if applicable, a
Purchaser’s aggregate exercise price of the Pre-Funded Warrants, which amounts shall be paid as and when such Pre- Funded Warrants
are exercised for cash).


 


“Subsidiary”
means any subsidiary of the Company, and shall, where applicable, also include any direct or indirect subsidiary of the Company formed
or acquired after the date hereof.


 


“Trading
Day” means a day on which the principal Trading Market is open for trading.


 


“Trading
Market” means any of the following markets or exchanges on which the Common Stock is listed or quoted for trading on the date
in question: the NYSE American, the Nasdaq Capital Market, the Nasdaq Global Market, the Nasdaq Global Select Market or the New York Stock
Exchange (or any successors to any of the foregoing).


 


“Transaction
Documents” means this Agreement, the Warrants, the Registration Rights Agreement, the Escrow Agreement, all exhibits and schedules
thereto and hereto and any other documents or agreements executed in connection with the transactions contemplated hereunder.


 


“Transfer
Agent” means Continental Stock Transfer & Trust Company, the current transfer agent of the Company, with a mailing address
of 1 State Street 30th Floor, New York, New York 10004, and any successor transfer agent of the Company.


 


“Variable Rate Transaction”
shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 4.12(b).


 


“VWAP”
means, for any date, the price determined by the first of the following clauses that applies: (a) if the Common Stock is then listed or
quoted on a Trading Market, the daily volume weighted average price of the Common Stock for such date (or the nearest preceding date)
on the Trading Market on which the Common Stock is then listed or quoted as reported by Bloomberg L.P. (based on a Trading Day from 9:30
a.m. (New York City time) to 4:02 p.m. (New York City time)), (b) if OTCQB or OTCQX is not a Trading Market, the volume weighted average
price of the Common Stock for such date (or the nearest preceding date) on OTCQB or OTCQX as applicable, (c) if the Common Stock is not
then listed or quoted for trading on OTCQB or OTCQX and if prices for the Common Stock are then reported on the Pink Open Market (or a
similar organization or agency succeeding to its functions of reporting prices), the most recent bid price per share of the Common Stock
so reported, or (d) in all other cases, the fair market value of a share of Common Stock as determined by an independent appraiser selected
in good faith by the Purchasers of a majority in interest of the Securities then outstanding and reasonably acceptable to the Company,
the fees and expenses of which shall be paid by the Company.





 


“Warrants” means,
collectively, the Preferred Investment Options and the Pre- Funded Warrants.


 


“Warrant Shares”
means the shares of Common Stock issuable upon exercise of the Warrants.


 






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ARTICLE II.


PURCHASE AND SALE


 


2.1 Closing. On the Closing
Date, upon the terms and subject to the conditions set forth herein, the Company agrees to sell, and the Purchasers, severally and not
jointly, agree to purchase, up to an aggregate of approximately $8.0 million of Shares and Warrants. Notwithstanding anything herein to
the contrary, to the extent that a Purchaser determines, in its sole discretion, that such Purchaser’s Subscription Amount (together
with such Purchaser’s Affiliates and any Person acting as a group together with such Purchaser or any of such Purchaser’s
Affiliates) would cause such Purchaser’s beneficial ownership of the shares of Common Stock to exceed the Beneficial Ownership Limitation,
or as such Purchaser may otherwise choose, such Purchaser may elect to purchase Pre-Funded Warrants in lieu of the Shares as determined
pursuant to Section 2.2(a). The “Beneficial Ownership Limitation” shall be 4.99% (or, at the election of the Purchaser
at Closing, 9.99%) of the number of shares of the Common Stock outstanding immediately after giving effect to the issuance of the Securities
on the Closing Date. In each case, the election to receive Pre-Funded Warrants is solely at the option of the Purchaser. Each Purchaser
shall deliver to the Escrow Agent, via wire transfer, immediately available funds equal to such Purchaser’s Subscription Amount
as set forth on the signature page hereto executed by such Purchaser. The Company shall deliver to each Purchaser its respective Shares,
Pre-Funded Warrants and Preferred Investment Option as determined pursuant to Section 2.2(a), and the Company and each Purchaser shall
deliver the other items set forth in Section 2.2 deliverable at the Closing. Upon satisfaction of the covenants and conditions set forth
in Sections 2.2 and 2.3, the Closing shall occur at the offices of Company Counsel or such other location (including remotely by electronic
transmission) as the parties shall mutually agree.


 


2.2 Deliveries.


 


(a) On
or prior to the Closing Date, the Company shall deliver or cause to be delivered to each Purchaser the following:


 


(i) this Agreement duly executed by the Company;


 


(ii) a legal
opinion of Company Counsel, directed to the Placement Agent and the Purchasers, in a form reasonably acceptable to the Placement Agent
and Purchasers;


 


(iii) the Company shall have provided each Purchaser with the Escrow
Agent’s wire instructions;


 


(iv) a copy of the
irrevocable instructions to the Transfer Agent instructing the Transfer Agent to deliver on an expedited basis a certificate
evidencing a number of Shares equal to such Purchaser’s Subscription Amount divided by the Per Share Purchase Price,
registered in the name of such Purchaser, or, at the election of such Purchaser, evidence of the issuance of such Purchaser’s
Shares hereunder as held in DRS book-entry form by the Transfer Agent and registered in the name of such Purchaser, which evidence
shall be reasonably satisfactory to such Purchaser;


 






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(v) if applicable,
a Pre-Funded Warrant registered in the name of such Purchaser to purchase up to a number of shares of Common Stock equal to the difference
between (A) such Purchaser’s Subscription Amount divided by the Per Pre-Funded Warrant Purchase Price and (B) the number of Shares
otherwise issuable to such Purchaser that would cause such Purchaser’s Beneficial Ownership to be more than the Beneficial Ownership
Limitation with an exercise price equal to $0.001 per share of Common Stock, subject to adjustment therein;


 


(vi) a Preferred
Investment Option registered in the name of such Purchaser to purchase up to a number of shares of Common Stock equal to 100% of the sum
of such Purchaser’s Shares and Pre-Funded Warrant Shares, with an exercise price equal to $6.65 per share of Common Stock, subject
to adjustment therein; and


 


(vii) the Registration
Rights Agreement duly executed by the Company. (b)On or prior to the Closing Date, each Purchaser shall deliver or cause to be delivered
to the Company or the Escrow Agent, as applicable, the following:


 


(i) this Agreement duly executed by such Purchaser;


 


(ii) to the
Escrow Agent, such Purchaser’s Subscription Amount by wire transfer to the account specified in writing by the Company; and


 


(iii) the Registration Rights Agreement duly executed by such
Purchaser.


 


2.3 Closing Conditions.


 


(a) The
obligations of the Company hereunder in connection with the Closing are subject to the following conditions being met:


 


(i) the accuracy
in all material respects (or, to the extent representations or warranties are qualified by materiality or Material Adverse Effect, in
all respects) when made and on the Closing Date of the representations and warranties of the Purchasers contained herein (unless as of
a specific date therein in which case they shall be accurate as of such date);


 


(ii) all obligations,
covenants and agreements of each Purchaser required to be performed at or prior to the Closing Date shall have been performed; and 


 


(iii) the delivery by each Purchaser of the items set forth
in Section 2.2(b) of this Agreement.


 


(b) The
respective obligations of the Purchasers hereunder in connection with the Closing are subject to the following conditions being met:


 


(i) the accuracy
in all material respects (or, to the extent representations or warranties are qualified by materiality or Material Adverse Effect, in
all respects) when made and on the Closing Date of the representations and warranties of the Company contained herein (unless as of a
specific date therein in which case they shall be accurate as of such date);


 


(ii) all obligations,
covenants and agreements of the Company required to be performed at or prior to the Closing Date shall have been performed;


 


(iii) the delivery by the Company of the items set forth in Section
2.2(a) of this Agreement;


 


(iv) there shall have been no Material Adverse Effect with respect to
the Company since the date hereof; and


 


(v) from the
date hereof to the Closing Date, trading in the Common Stock shall not have been suspended by the Commission or the Company’s principal
Trading Market, and, at any time prior to the Closing Date, trading in securities generally as reported by Bloomberg L.P. shall not have
been suspended or limited, or minimum prices shall not have been established on securities whose trades are reported by such service,
or on any Trading Market, nor shall a banking moratorium have been declared either by the United States or New York State authorities
nor shall there have occurred any material outbreak or escalation of hostilities or other national or international calamity of such magnitude
in its effect on, or any material adverse change in, any financial market which, in each case, in the reasonable judgment of such Purchaser,
makes it impracticable or inadvisable to purchase the Securities at the Closing.


 






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ARTICLE III.


REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES


 


3.1 Representations and Warranties
of the Company. Except as set forth in the Disclosure Schedules, which Disclosure Schedules shall be deemed a part hereof and shall
qualify any representation or otherwise made herein to the extent of the disclosure contained in the corresponding section of the Disclosure
Schedules, the Company hereby makes the following representations and warranties to each Purchaser:


 


(a) Subsidiaries.
The Company has no direct or indirect subsidiaries. The Company owns, directly or indirectly, all of the capital stock or other
equity interests of each Subsidiary free and clear of any Liens, and all of the issued and outstanding shares of capital stock of
each Subsidiary are validly issued and are fully paid, non-assessable and free of preemptive and similar rights to subscribe for or
purchase securities. If the Company has no subsidiaries, all other references to the Subsidiaries or any of them in the Transaction
Documents shall be disregarded.


 


(b) Organization and Qualification.
The Company and each of the Subsidiaries is an entity duly incorporated or otherwise organized, validly existing and in good standing
under the laws of the jurisdiction of its incorporation or organization, with the requisite power and authority to own and use its properties
and assets and to carry on its business as currently conducted. Neither the Company nor any Subsidiary is in violation nor default of
any of the provisions of its respective certificate or articles of incorporation, bylaws or other organizational or charter documents.
Each of the Company and the Subsidiaries is duly qualified to conduct business and is in good standing as a foreign corporation or other
entity in each jurisdiction in which the nature of the business conducted or property owned by it makes such qualification necessary,
except where the failure to be so qualified or in good standing, as the case may be, could not have or reasonably be expected to result
in: (i) a material adverse effect on the legality, validity or enforceability of any Transaction Document, (ii) a material adverse effect
on the results of operations, assets, business, prospects or condition (financial or otherwise) of the Company and the Subsidiaries, taken
as a whole, or (iii) a material adverse effect on the Company’s ability to perform in any material respect on a timely basis its
obligations under any Transaction Document (any of (i), (ii) or (iii), a “Material Adverse Effect”) and no Proceeding
has been instituted in any such jurisdiction revoking, limiting or curtailing or seeking to revoke, limit or curtail such power and authority
or qualification.


 


(c) Authorization; Enforcement.
The Company has the requisite corporate power and authority to enter into and to consummate the transactions contemplated by this Agreement
and each of the other Transaction Documents and otherwise to carry out its obligations hereunder and thereunder. The execution and delivery
of this Agreement and each of the other Transaction Documents by the Company and the consummation by it of the transactions contemplated
hereby and thereby have been duly authorized by all necessary action on the part of the Company and no further action is required by the
Company, the Board of Directors or the Company’s stockholders in connection herewith or therewith other than in connection with
the Required Approvals. This Agreement and each other Transaction Document to which it is a party has been (or upon delivery will have
been) duly executed by the Company and, when delivered in accordance with the terms hereof and thereof, will constitute the valid and
binding obligation of the Company enforceable against the Company in accordance with its terms, except (i) as limited by general equitable
principles and applicable bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, moratorium and other laws of general application affecting enforcement
of creditors’ rights generally, (ii) as limited by laws relating to the availability of specific performance, injunctive relief
or other equitable remedies and (iii) insofar as indemnification and contribution provisions may be limited by applicable law.


 






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(d) No Conflicts. The
execution, delivery and performance by the Company of this Agreement and the other Transaction Documents to which it is a party, the
issuance and sale of the Securities and the consummation by it of the transactions contemplated hereby and thereby do not and will
not (i) conflict with or violate any provision of the Company’s or any Subsidiary’s certificate or articles of
incorporation, bylaws or other organizational or charter documents, or (ii) conflict with, or constitute a default (or an event that
with notice or lapse of time or both would become a default) under, result in the creation of any Lien upon any of the properties or
assets of the Company or any Subsidiary, or give to others any rights of termination, amendment, anti-dilution or similar
adjustments, acceleration or cancellation (with or without notice, lapse of time or both) of, any agreement, credit facility, debt
or other instrument (evidencing a Company or Subsidiary debt or otherwise) or other understanding to which the Company or any
Subsidiary is a party or by which any property or asset of the Company or any Subsidiary is bound or affected, or (iii) subject to
the Required Approvals, conflict with or result in a violation of any law, rule, regulation, order, judgment, injunction, decree or
other restriction of any court or governmental authority to which the Company or a Subsidiary is subject (including federal and
state securities laws and regulations), or by which any property or asset of the Company or a Subsidiary is bound or affected;
except in the case of each of clauses (ii) and (iii), such as could not, individually or in the aggregate, have or reasonably be
expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect.


 


(e) Filings, Consents and Approvals.
The Company is not required to obtain any consent, waiver, authorization or order of, give any notice to, or make any filing or registration
with, any court or other federal, state, local or other governmental authority or other Person in connection with the execution, delivery
and performance by the Company of the Transaction Documents, other than: (i) the filings required pursuant to Section 4.4 of this Agreement,
(ii) the filing with the Commission pursuant to the Registration Rights Agreement, (iii) application(s) to each applicable Trading Market
for the listing of the Shares and Warrant Shares for trading thereon in the time and manner required thereby, and (iv) the filing of Form
D with the Commission and such filings as are required to be made under applicable state securities laws (collectively, the “Required
Approvals”).


 


(f) Issuance of the Securities.
The Securities are duly authorized and, when issued and paid for in accordance with the applicable Transaction Documents, will be duly
and validly issued, fully paid and nonassessable, free and clear of all Liens imposed by the Company other than restrictions on transfer
provided for in the Transaction Documents. The Warrant Shares, when issued in accordance with the terms of the Warrants, will be validly
issued, fully paid and nonassessable, free and clear of all Liens imposed by the Company other than restrictions on transfer provided
for in the Transaction Documents. The Company has reserved from its duly authorized capital stock the maximum number of shares of Common
Stock issuable pursuant to this Agreement and the Warrants.


 






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(g) Capitalization. The capitalization of
the Company as of the date hereof is as set forth on Schedule 3.1(g), which Schedule 3.1(g) shall also include the
number of shares of Common Stock owned beneficially, and of record, by Affiliates of the Company as of the date hereof. Except as
set forth on Schedule 3.1(g), the Company has not issued any capital stock since its most recently filed periodic report
under the Exchange Act, other than pursuant to the exercise of employee stock options under the Company’s stock option plans,
the issuance of shares of Common Stock to employees pursuant to the Company’s employee stock purchase plans and pursuant to
the conversion and/or exercise of Common Stock Equivalents outstanding as of the date of the most recently filed periodic report
under the Exchange Act. No Person has any right of first refusal, preemptive right, right of participation, or any similar right to
participate in the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents. Except as a result of the purchase and sale of the
Securities and as set forth on Schedule 3.1(g), there are no outstanding options, warrants, scrip rights to subscribe to,
calls or commitments of any character whatsoever relating to, or securities, rights or obligations convertible into or exercisable
or exchangeable for, or giving any Person any right to subscribe for or acquire, any shares of Common Stock or the capital stock of
any Subsidiary, or contracts, commitments, understandings or arrangements by which the Company or any Subsidiary is or may become
bound to issue additional shares of Common Stock or Common Stock Equivalents or capital stock of any Subsidiary. The issuance and
sale of the Securities will not obligate the Company or any Subsidiary to issue shares of Common Stock or other securities to any
Person (other than the Purchasers). There are no outstanding securities or instruments of the Company or any Subsidiary with any
provision that adjusts the exercise, conversion, exchange or reset price of such security or instrument upon an issuance of
securities by the Company or any Subsidiary. There are no outstanding securities or instruments of the Company or any Subsidiary
that contain any redemption or similar provisions, and there are no contracts, commitments, understandings or arrangements by which
the Company or any Subsidiary is or may become bound to redeem a security of the Company or such Subsidiary. The Company does not
have any stock appreciation rights or “phantom stock” plans or agreements or any similar plan or agreement. All of the
outstanding shares of capital stock of the Company are duly authorized, validly issued, fully paid and nonassessable, have been
issued in compliance with all federal and state securities laws, and none of such outstanding shares was issued in violation of any
preemptive rights or similar rights to subscribe for or purchase securities. No further approval or authorization of any
stockholder, the Board of Directors or others is required for the issuance and sale of the Securities. There are no stockholders
agreements, voting agreements or other similar agreements with respect to the Company’s capital stock to which the Company is
a party or, to the knowledge of the Company, between or among any of the Company’s stockholders.


 


(h) SEC
Reports; Financial Statements. The Company has filed all reports, schedules, forms, statements and other documents required to be
filed by the Company under the Securities Act and the Exchange Act, including pursuant to Section 13(a) or 15(d) thereof, for the two
(2) years preceding the date hereof (or such shorter period as the Company was required by law or regulation to file such material) (the
foregoing materials, including the exhibits thereto and documents incorporated by reference therein, being collectively referred to herein
as the “SEC Reports”) on a timely basis or has received a valid extension of such time of filing and has filed any
such SEC Reports prior to the expiration of any such extension. As of their respective dates, the SEC Reports complied in all material
respects with the requirements of the Securities Act and the Exchange Act, as applicable, and none of the SEC Reports, when filed, contained
any untrue statement of a material fact or omitted to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary in order to make
the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading. The Company has never been an issuer
subject to Rule 144(i) under the Securities Act. The financial statements of the Company included in the SEC Reports comply in all material
respects with applicable accounting requirements and the rules and regulations of the Commission with respect thereto as in effect at
the time of filing. Such financial statements have been prepared in accordance with United States generally accepted accounting principles
applied on a consistent basis during the periods involved (“GAAP”), except as may be otherwise specified in such financial
statements or the notes thereto and except that unaudited financial statements may not contain all footnotes required by GAAP, and fairly
present in all material respects the financial position of the Company and its consolidated Subsidiaries as of and for the dates thereof
and the results of operations and cash flows for the periods then ended, subject, in the case of unaudited statements, to normal, immaterial,
year-end audit adjustments.


 






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(i) Material Changes; Undisclosed Events,
Liabilities or Developments. Since the date of the latest audited financial statements included within the SEC Reports, except
as set forth on Schedule 3.1(i), (i) there has been no event, occurrence or development that has had or that could reasonably
be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect, (ii) the Company has not incurred any liabilities (contingent or otherwise)
other than (A) trade payables and accrued expenses incurred in the ordinary course of business consistent with past practice and (B)
liabilities not required to be reflected in the Company’s financial statements pursuant to GAAP or disclosed in filings made
with the Commission, (iii) the Company has not altered its method of accounting, (iv) the Company has not declared or made any
dividend or distribution of cash or other property to its stockholders or purchased, redeemed or made any agreements to purchase or
redeem any shares of its capital stock and (v) the Company has not issued any equity securities to any officer, director or
Affiliate, except pursuant to existing Company equity compensation plans. The Company does not have pending before the Commission
any request for confidential treatment of information. Except for the issuance of the Securities contemplated by this Agreement or
as set forth on Schedule 3.1(i), no event, liability, fact, circumstance, occurrence or development has occurred or exists or
is reasonably expected to occur or exist with respect to the Company or its Subsidiaries or their respective businesses, prospects,
properties, operations, assets or financial condition that would be required to be disclosed by the Company under applicable
securities laws at the time this representation is made or deemed made that has not been publicly disclosed at least one (1) Trading
Day prior to the date that this representation is made.


 


(j) Litigation. There is no
action, suit, inquiry, notice of violation, proceeding or investigation pending or, to the knowledge of the Company, threatened against
or affecting the Company, any Subsidiary or any of their respective properties before or by any court, arbitrator, governmental or administrative
agency or regulatory authority (federal, state, county, local or foreign) (collectively, an “Action”), which (i) adversely
affects or challenges the legality, validity or enforceability of any of the Transaction Documents or the Securities or (ii) could, if
there were an unfavorable decision, have or reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect. Neither the Company nor any
Subsidiary, nor any director or officer thereof, is or has been the subject of any Action involving a claim of violation of or liability
under federal or state securities laws or a claim of breach of fiduciary duty. There has not been, and to the knowledge of the Company,
there is not pending or contemplated, any investigation by the Commission involving the Company or any current or former director or officer
of the Company. The Commission has not issued any stop order or other order suspending the effectiveness of any registration statement
filed by the Company or any Subsidiary under the Exchange Act or the Securities Act.


 


(k) Labor Relations. No labor dispute
exists or, to the knowledge of the Company, is imminent with respect to any of the employees of the Company, which could reasonably
be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect. None of the Company’s or its Subsidiaries’ employees is a member of
a union that relates to such employee’s relationship with the Company or such Subsidiary, and neither the Company nor any of
its Subsidiaries is a party to a collective bargaining agreement, and the Company and its Subsidiaries believe that their
relationships with their employees are good. To the knowledge of the Company, no executive officer of the Company or any Subsidiary,
is, or is now expected to be, in violation of any material term of any employment contract, confidentiality, disclosure or
proprietary information agreement or non-competition agreement, or any other contract or agreement or any restrictive covenant in
favor of any third party, and the continued employment of each such executive officer does not subject the Company or any of its
Subsidiaries to any liability with respect to any of the foregoing matters. The Company and its Subsidiaries are in compliance with
all U.S. federal, state, local and foreign laws and regulations relating to employment and employment practices, terms and
conditions of employment and wages and hours, except where the failure to be in compliance could not, individually or in the
aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect.


 






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(l) Compliance. Neither the
Company nor any Subsidiary: (i) is in default under or in violation of (and no event has occurred that has not been waived that, with
notice or lapse of time or both, would result in a default by the Company or any Subsidiary under), nor has the Company or any Subsidiary
received notice of a claim that it is in default under or that it is in violation of, any indenture, loan or credit agreement or any other
agreement or instrument to which it is a party or by which it or any of its properties is bound (whether or not such default or violation
has been waived), (ii) is in violation of any judgment, decree or order of any court, arbitrator or other governmental authority or (iii)
is or has been in violation of any statute, rule, ordinance or regulation of any governmental authority, including without limitation
all foreign, federal, state and local laws relating to taxes, environmental protection, occupational health and safety, product quality
and safety and employment and labor matters, except in each case as could not have or reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse
Effect.


 


(m) Environmental Laws. The
Company and its Subsidiaries (i) are in compliance with all federal, state, local and foreign laws relating to pollution or protection
of human health or the environment (including ambient air, surface water, groundwater, land surface or subsurface strata), including laws
relating to emissions, discharges, releases or threatened releases of chemicals, pollutants, contaminants, or toxic or hazardous substances
or wastes (collectively, “Hazardous Materials”) into the environment, or otherwise relating to the manufacture, processing,
distribution, use, treatment, storage, disposal, transport or handling of Hazardous Materials, as well as all authorizations, codes, decrees,
demands, or demand letters, injunctions, judgments, licenses, notices or notice letters, orders, permits, plans or regulations, issued,
entered, promulgated or approved thereunder (“Environmental Laws”); (ii) have received all permits licenses or other
approvals required of them under applicable Environmental Laws to conduct their respective businesses; and (iii) are in compliance with
all terms and conditions of any such permit, license or approval where in each clause (i), (ii) and (iii), the failure to so comply could
be reasonably expected to have, individually or in the aggregate, a Material Adverse Effect.


 


(n) Regulatory Permits. The
Company and the Subsidiaries possess all certificates, authorizations and permits issued by the appropriate federal, state, local or foreign
regulatory authorities necessary to conduct their respective businesses as described in the SEC Reports, except where the failure to possess
such permits could not reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect (“Material Permits”), and neither
the Company nor any Subsidiary has received any notice of proceedings relating to the revocation or modification of any Material Permit.


 


(o) Title to Assets. The Company and the
Subsidiaries have good and marketable title in fee simple to all real property owned by them and good and marketable title in all
personal property owned by them that is material to the business of the Company and the Subsidiaries, in each case free and clear of
all Liens, except for (i) Liens as do not materially affect the value of such property and do not materially interfere with the use
made and proposed to be made of such property by the Company and the Subsidiaries and (ii) Liens for the payment of federal, state
or other taxes, for which appropriate reserves have been made therefor in accordance with GAAP and, the payment of which is neither
delinquent nor subject to penalties. Any real property and facilities held under lease by the Company and the Subsidiaries are held
by them under valid, subsisting and enforceable leases with which the Company and the Subsidiaries are in compliance.


 






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(p) Intellectual Property.
The Company and the Subsidiaries have, or have rights to use, all patents, patent applications, trademarks, trademark applications, service
marks, trade names, trade secrets, inventions, copyrights, licenses and other intellectual property rights and similar rights necessary
or required for use in connection with their respective businesses as described in the SEC Reports and which the failure to so have could
have a Material Adverse Effect (collectively, the “Intellectual Property Rights”). None of, and neither the Company
nor any Subsidiary has received a notice (written or otherwise) that any of, the Intellectual Property Rights has expired, terminated
or been abandoned, or is expected to expire or terminate or be abandoned, within two (2) years from the date of this Agreement. Neither
the Company nor any Subsidiary has received, since the date of the latest audited financial statements included within the SEC Reports,
a written notice of a claim or otherwise has any knowledge that the Intellectual Property Rights violate or infringe upon the rights of
any Person, except as could not have or reasonably be expected to not have a Material Adverse Effect. To the knowledge of the Company,
all such Intellectual Property Rights are enforceable and there is no existing infringement by another Person of any of the Intellectual
Property Rights. The Company and its Subsidiaries have taken reasonable security measures to protect the secrecy, confidentiality and
value of all of their intellectual properties, except where failure to do so could not, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be
expected to have a Material Adverse Effect. The Company has no knowledge of any facts that would preclude it from having valid license
rights or clear title to the Intellectual Property Rights. The Company has no knowledge that it lacks or will be unable to obtain any
rights or licenses to use all Intellectual Property Rights that are necessary to conduct its business.


 


(q) Insurance.
The Company and the Subsidiaries are insured by insurers of recognized financial responsibility against such losses and risks and in such
amounts as are prudent and customary in the businesses in which the Company and the Subsidiaries are engaged, including, but not limited
to, directors and officers insurance coverage at least equal to the aggregate Subscription Amount. Neither the Company nor any Subsidiary
has any reason to believe that it will not be able to renew its existing insurance coverage as and when such coverage expires or to obtain
similar coverage from similar insurers as may be necessary to continue its business without a significant increase in cost.


 


(r) Transactions With Affiliates
and Employees. Except as set forth on Schedule 3.1(r), none of the officers or directors of the Company or any Subsidiary and,
to the knowledge of the Company, none of the employees of the Company or any Subsidiary is presently a party to any transaction with the
Company or any Subsidiary (other than for services as employees, officers and directors), including any contract, agreement or other arrangement
providing for the furnishing of services to or by, providing for rental of real or personal property to or from, providing for the borrowing
of money from or lending of money to or otherwise requiring payments to or from any officer, director or such employee or, to the knowledge
of the Company, any entity in which any officer, director, or any such employee has a substantial interest or is an officer, director,
trustee, stockholder, member or partner, in each case in excess of $120,000 other than for (i) payment of salary or consulting fees for
services rendered, (ii) reimbursement for expenses incurred on behalf of the Company and (iii) other employee benefits, including stock
option agreements under any stock option plan of the Company.





 






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(s) Sarbanes-Oxley; Internal Accounting
Controls. The Company and the Subsidiaries are in compliance with any and all applicable requirements of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of
2002 that are effective as of the date hereof and as of the Closing Date, and any and all applicable rules and regulations promulgated
by the Commission thereunder that are effective as of the date hereof and as of the Closing Date. The Company and the Subsidiaries maintain
a system of internal accounting controls sufficient to provide reasonable assurance that: (i) transactions are executed in accordance
with management’s general or specific authorizations, (ii) transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial
statements in conformity with GAAP and to maintain asset accountability, (iii) access to assets is permitted only in accordance with management’s
general or specific authorization, and (iv) the recorded accountability for assets is compared with the existing assets at reasonable
intervals and appropriate action is taken with respect to any differences. The Company and the Subsidiaries have established disclosure
controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) for the Company and the Subsidiaries and designed such
disclosure controls and procedures to ensure that information required to be disclosed by the Company in the reports it files or submits
under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported, within the time periods specified in the Commission’s rules
and forms. The Company’s certifying officers have evaluated the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures of the Company
and the Subsidiaries as of the end of the period covered by the most recently filed periodic report under the Exchange Act (such date,
the “Evaluation Date”). The Company presented in its most recently filed periodic report under the Exchange Act the
conclusions of the certifying officers about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures based on their evaluations as
of the Evaluation Date. Since the Evaluation Date, there have been no changes in the internal control over financial reporting (as such
term is defined in the Exchange Act) of the Company and its Subsidiaries that have materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially
affect, the internal control over financial reporting of the Company and its Subsidiaries.


 


(t) Certain Fees. Except for
compensation payable to the Placement Agent, no brokerage or finder’s fees or commissions are or will be payable by the Company
or any Subsidiary to any broker, financial advisor or consultant, finder, placement agent, investment banker, bank or other Person with
respect to the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents. The Purchasers shall have no obligation with respect to any fees
or with respect to any claims made by or on behalf of other Persons for fees of a type contemplated in this Section that may be due in
connection with the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents.


 


(u) Private
Placement. Assuming the accuracy of the Purchasers’ representations and warranties set forth in Section 3.2, no registration
under the Securities Act is required for the offer and sale of the Securities by the Company to the Purchasers as contemplated hereby.
The issuance and sale of the Securities hereunder does not contravene the rules and regulations of the Trading Market.


 


(v) Investment Company. The
Company is not, and is not an Affiliate of, and immediately after receipt of payment for the Securities, will not be or be an Affiliate
of, an “investment company” within the meaning of the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended. The Company shall conduct
its business in a manner so that it will not become an “investment company” subject to registration under the Investment Company
Act of 1940, as amended.





 






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(w) Registration Rights. Other
than to each of the Purchasers pursuant to the Registration Rights Agreement and as set forth on Schedule 3.1(w), no Person has
any right to cause the Company or any Subsidiary to effect the registration under the Securities Act of any securities of the Company
or any Subsidiary.


 


(x) Listing and Maintenance Requirements.
The Common Stock is registered pursuant to Section 12(b) or 12(g) of the Exchange Act, and the Company has taken no action designed to,
or which to its knowledge is likely to have the effect of, terminating the registration of the Common Stock under the Exchange Act nor
has the Company received any notification that the Commission is contemplating terminating such registration. The Company has not, in
the 12 months preceding the date hereof, received notice from any Trading Market on which the Common Stock is or has been listed or quoted
to the effect that the Company is not in compliance with the listing or maintenance requirements of such Trading Market. The Company is,
and has no reason to believe that it will not in the foreseeable future continue to be, in compliance with all such listing and maintenance
requirements. The Common Stock is currently eligible for electronic transfer through the Depository Trust Company or another established
clearing corporation and the Company is current in payment of the fees to the Depository Trust Company (or such other established clearing
corporation) in connection with such electronic transfer.


 


(y) Application of Takeover Protections.
The Company and the Board of Directors have taken all necessary action, if any, in order to render inapplicable any control share acquisition,
business combination, poison pill (including any distribution under a rights agreement) or other similar anti-takeover provision under
the Company’s certificate of incorporation (or similar charter documents) or the laws of its state of incorporation that is or could
become applicable to the Purchasers as a result of the Purchasers and the Company fulfilling their obligations or exercising their rights
under the Transaction Documents, including without limitation as a result of the Company’s issuance of the Securities and the Purchasers’
ownership of the Securities.


 


(z) Disclosure. Except with
respect to the material terms and conditions of the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents, the Company confirms that
neither it nor any other Person acting on its behalf has provided any of the Purchasers or their agents or counsel with any information
that it believes constitutes or might constitute material, non-public information. The Company understands and confirms that the Purchasers
will rely on the foregoing representation in effecting transactions in securities of the Company. All of the disclosure furnished by or
on behalf of the Company to the Purchasers regarding the Company and its Subsidiaries, their respective businesses and the transactions
contemplated hereby, including the Disclosure Schedules to this Agreement, is true and correct and does not contain any untrue statement
of a material fact or omit to state any material fact necessary in order to make the statements made therein, in the light of the circumstances
under which they were made, not misleading. The press releases disseminated by the Company during the twelve months preceding the date
of this Agreement taken as a whole do not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact required to
be stated therein or necessary in order to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made and
when made, not misleading. The Company acknowledges and agrees that no Purchaser makes or has made any representations or warranties with
respect to the transactions contemplated hereby other than those specifically set forth in Section 3.2 hereof.





 






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(aa) No Integrated Offering.
Assuming the accuracy of the Purchasers’ representations and warranties set forth in Section 3.2, neither the Company, nor any of
its Affiliates, nor any Person acting on its or their behalf has, directly or indirectly, made any offers or sales of any security or
solicited any offers to buy any security, under circumstances that would cause this offering of the Securities to be integrated with prior
offerings by the Company for purposes of (i) the Securities Act which would require the registration of any such Securities under the
Securities Act, or (ii) any applicable shareholder approval provisions of any Trading Market on which any of the securities of the Company
are listed or designated.


 


(bb) Solvency. Based on the
consolidated financial condition of the Company as of the Closing Date, after giving effect to the receipt by the Company of the proceeds
from the sale of the Securities hereunder, (i) the fair saleable value of the Company’s assets exceeds the amount that will be required
to be paid on or in respect of the Company’s existing debts and other liabilities (including known contingent liabilities) as they
mature, (ii) the Company’s assets do not constitute unreasonably small capital to carry on its business as now conducted and as
proposed to be conducted including its capital needs taking into account the particular capital requirements of the business conducted
by the Company, consolidated and projected capital requirements and capital availability thereof, and (iii) the current cash flow of the
Company, together with the proceeds the Company would receive, were it to liquidate all of its assets, after taking into account all anticipated
uses of the cash, would be sufficient to pay all amounts on or in respect of its liabilities when such amounts are required to be paid.
The Company does not intend to incur debts beyond its ability to pay such debts as they mature (taking into account the timing and amounts
of cash to be payable on or in respect of its debt). The Company has no knowledge of any facts or circumstances which lead it to believe
that it will file for reorganization or liquidation under the bankruptcy or reorganization laws of any jurisdiction within one year from
the Closing Date. Schedule 3.1(bb) sets forth as of the date hereof all outstanding secured and unsecured Indebtedness of the Company
or any Subsidiary, or for which the Company or any Subsidiary has commitments. For the purposes of this Agreement, “Indebtedness”
means (x) any liabilities for borrowed money or amounts owed in excess of $50,000 (other than trade accounts payable incurred in the ordinary
course of business), (y) all guaranties, endorsements and other contingent obligations in respect of indebtedness of others, whether or
not the same are or should be reflected in the Company’s consolidated balance sheet (or the notes thereto), except guaranties by
endorsement of negotiable instruments for deposit or collection or similar transactions in the ordinary course of business; and (z) the
present value of any lease payments in excess of $50,000 due under leases required to be capitalized in accordance with GAAP. Neither
the Company nor any Subsidiary is in default with respect to any Indebtedness.


 


(cc) Tax Status. Except for
matters that would not, individually or in the aggregate, have or reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect, the Company
and its Subsidiaries each (i) has made or filed all United States federal, state and local income and all foreign income and franchise
tax returns, reports and declarations required by any jurisdiction to which it is subject, (ii) has paid all taxes and other governmental
assessments and charges that are material in amount, shown or determined to be due on such returns, reports and declarations and (iii)
has set aside on its books provision reasonably adequate for the payment of all material taxes for periods subsequent to the periods to
which such returns, reports or declarations apply. There are no unpaid taxes in any material amount claimed to be due by the taxing authority
of any jurisdiction, and the officers of the Company or of any Subsidiary know of no basis for any such claim.





 






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(dd) No General Solicitation.
Neither the Company nor any Person acting on behalf of the Company has offered or sold any of the Securities by any form of general solicitation
or general advertising. The Company has offered the Securities for sale only to the Purchasers and certain other “accredited investors”
within the meaning of Rule 501 under the Securities Act.


 


(ee) Foreign Corrupt Practices.
Neither the Company nor any Subsidiary, nor to the knowledge of the Company or any Subsidiary, any agent or other person acting on behalf
of the Company or any Subsidiary, has (i) directly or indirectly, used any funds for unlawful contributions, gifts, entertainment or other
unlawful expenses related to foreign or domestic political activity, (ii) made any unlawful payment to foreign or domestic government
officials or employees or to any foreign or domestic political parties or campaigns from corporate funds, (iii) failed to disclose fully
any contribution made by the Company or any Subsidiary (or made by any person acting on its behalf of which the Company is aware) which
is in violation of law, or (iv) violated in any material respect any provision of FCPA.


 


(ff) Accountants. The Company’s
independent registered public accounting firm is Mayer Hoffman McCann P.C.. To the knowledge and belief of the Company, such accounting
firm (i) is a registered public accounting firm as required by the Exchange Act and (ii) shall express its opinion with respect to the
financial statements to be included in the Company’s Annual Report for the fiscal year ending December 31, 2022.


 


(gg) No Disagreements with Accountants
and Lawyers. There are no disagreements of any kind presently existing, or reasonably anticipated by the Company to arise, between
the Company and the accountants and lawyers formerly or presently employed by the Company and the Company is current with respect to any
fees owed to its accountants and lawyers which could affect the Company’s ability to perform any of its obligations under any of
the Transaction Documents.


 


(hh) Acknowledgment Regarding
Purchasers’ Purchase of Securities. The Company acknowledges and agrees that each of the Purchasers is acting solely in the
capacity of an arm’s length purchaser with respect to the Transaction Documents and the transactions contemplated thereby. The Company
further acknowledges that no Purchaser is acting as a financial advisor or fiduciary of the Company (or in any similar capacity) with
respect to the Transaction Documents and the transactions contemplated thereby and any advice given by any Purchaser or any of their respective
representatives or agents in connection with the Transaction Documents and the transactions contemplated thereby is merely incidental
to the Purchasers’ purchase of the Securities. The Company further represents to each Purchaser that the Company’s decision
to enter into this Agreement and the other Transaction Documents has been based solely on the independent evaluation of the transactions
contemplated hereby by the Company and its representatives.


 


(ii) Acknowledgment Regarding
Purchaser’s Trading Activity. Anything in this Agreement or elsewhere herein to the contrary notwithstanding (except for
Sections 3.2(f) and 4.14 hereof), it is understood and acknowledged by the Company that: (i) none of the Purchasers has been asked
by the Company to agree, nor has any Purchaser agreed, to desist from purchasing or selling, long and/or short, securities of the
Company, or “derivative” securities based on securities issued by the Company or to hold the Securities for any
specified term; (ii) past or future open market or other transactions by any Purchaser, specifically including, without limitation,
Short Sales or “derivative” transactions, before or after the closing of this or future private placement transactions,
may negatively impact the market price of the Company’s publicly-traded securities; (iii) any Purchaser, and counter-parties
in “derivative” transactions to which any such Purchaser is a party, directly or indirectly, presently may have a
“short” position in the Common Stock, and (iv) each Purchaser shall not be deemed to have any affiliation with or
control over any arm’s length counter-party in any “derivative” transaction. The Company further understands and
acknowledges that (y) one or more Purchasers may engage in hedging activities at various times during the period that the Securities
are outstanding, including, without limitation, during the periods that the value of the Warrant Shares deliverable with respect to
Securities are being determined, and (z) such hedging activities (if any) could reduce the value of the existing stockholders'
equity interests in the Company at and after the time that the hedging activities are being conducted. The Company acknowledges that
such aforementioned hedging activities do not constitute a breach of any of the Transaction Documents.


 






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(jj) Regulation M Compliance.
The Company has not, and to its knowledge no one acting on its behalf has, (i) taken, directly or indirectly, any action designed to cause
or to result in the stabilization or manipulation of the price of any security of the Company to facilitate the sale or resale of any
of the Securities, (ii) sold, bid for, purchased, or, paid any compensation for soliciting purchases of, any of the Securities, or (iii)
paid or agreed to pay to any Person any compensation for soliciting another to purchase any other securities of the Company, other than,
in the case of clauses (ii) and (iii), compensation paid to the Company’s placement agent in connection with the placement of the
Securities.


 


(kk) FDA. As to each product subject to
the jurisdiction of the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (“FDA”) under the Federal Food, Drug and Cosmetic Act,
as amended, and the regulations thereunder (“FDCA”) that is manufactured, packaged, labeled, tested, distributed,
sold, and/or marketed by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries (each such product, a “Pharmaceutical Product”), such
Pharmaceutical Product is being manufactured, packaged, labeled, tested, distributed, sold and/or marketed by the Company in
compliance with all applicable requirements under FDCA and similar laws, rules and regulations relating to registration,
investigational use, premarket clearance, licensure, or application approval, good manufacturing practices, good laboratory
practices, good clinical practices, product listing, quotas, labeling, advertising, record keeping and filing of reports, except
where the failure to be in compliance would not have a Material Adverse Effect. There is no pending, completed or, to the Company's
knowledge, threatened, action (including any lawsuit, arbitration, or legal or administrative or regulatory proceeding, charge,
complaint, or investigation) against the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, and none of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries has
received any notice, warning letter or other communication from the FDA or any other governmental entity, which (i) contests the
premarket clearance, licensure, registration, or approval of, the uses of, the distribution of, the manufacturing or packaging of,
the testing of, the sale of, or the labeling and promotion of any Pharmaceutical Product, (ii) withdraws its approval of, requests
the recall, suspension, or seizure of, or withdraws or orders the withdrawal of advertising or sales promotional materials relating
to, any Pharmaceutical Product, (iii) imposes a clinical hold on any clinical investigation by the Company or any of its
Subsidiaries, (iv) enjoins production at any facility of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, (v) enters or proposes to enter
into a consent decree of permanent injunction with the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, or (vi) otherwise alleges any violation
of any laws, rules or regulations by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, and which, either individually or in the aggregate,
would have a Material Adverse Effect. The properties, business and operations of the Company have been and are being conducted in
all material respects in accordance with all applicable laws, rules and regulations of the FDA. The Company has not been informed by
the FDA that the FDA will prohibit the marketing, sale, license or use in the United States of any product proposed to be developed,
produced or marketed by the Company nor has the FDA expressed any concern as to approving or clearing for marketing any product
being developed or proposed to be developed by the Company.


 


(ll) Stock Option Plans. Each
stock option granted by the Company under the Company’s stock option plan was granted (i) in accordance with the terms of the Company’s
stock option plan and (ii) with an exercise price at least equal to the fair market value of the Common Stock on the date such stock option
would be considered granted under GAAP and applicable law. No stock option granted under the Company’s stock option plan has been
backdated. The Company has not knowingly granted, and there is no and has been no Company policy or practice to knowingly grant, stock
options prior to, or otherwise knowingly coordinate the grant of stock options with, the release or other public announcement of material
information regarding the Company or its Subsidiaries or their financial results or prospects.


 






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(mm) Cybersecurity. (i)(x)
There has been no security breach or other compromise of or relating to any of the Company’s or any Subsidiary’s information
technology and computer systems, networks, hardware, software, data (including the data of its respective customers, employees, suppliers,
vendors and any third party data maintained by or on behalf of it), equipment or technology (collectively, “IT Systems and Data”)
and (y) the Company and the Subsidiaries have not been notified of, and has no knowledge of any event or condition that would reasonably
be expected to result in, any security breach or other compromise to its IT Systems and Data; (ii) the Company and the Subsidiaries are
presently in compliance with all applicable laws or statutes and all judgments, orders, rules and regulations of any court or arbitrator
or governmental or regulatory authority, internal policies and contractual obligations relating to the privacy and security of IT Systems
and Data and to the protection of such IT Systems and Data from unauthorized use, access, misappropriation or modification, except as
would not, individually or in the aggregate, have a Material Adverse Effect; (iii) the Company and the Subsidiaries have implemented and
maintained commercially reasonable safeguards to maintain and protect its material confidential information and the integrity, continuous
operation, redundancy and security of all IT Systems and Data; and (iv) the Company and the Subsidiaries have implemented backup and disaster
recovery technology consistent with industry standards and practices.


 


(nn) Office of Foreign Assets
Control. Neither the Company nor any Subsidiary nor, to the Company's knowledge, any director, officer, agent, employee or affiliate
of the Company or any Subsidiary is currently subject to any U.S. sanctions administered by the Office of Foreign Assets Control of the
U.S. Treasury Department (“OFAC”).


 


(oo) U.S. Real Property Holding
Corporation. The Company is not and has never been a U.S. real property holding corporation within the meaning of Section 897 of the
Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, and the Company shall so certify upon Purchaser’s request.


 


(pp) Bank Holding Company Act. Neither
the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries or Affiliates is subject to the Bank Holding Company Act of 1956, as amended (the
“BHCA”) and to regulation by the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (the “Federal
Reserve”). Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries or Affiliates owns or controls, directly or indirectly, five
percent (5%) or more of the outstanding shares of any class of voting securities or twenty-five percent (25%) or more of the total
equity of a bank or any entity that is subject to the BHCA and to regulation by the Federal Reserve. Neither the Company nor any of
its Subsidiaries or Affiliates exercises a controlling influence over the management or policies of a bank or any entity that is
subject to the BHCA and to regulation by the Federal Reserve.


 


(qq) Money Laundering. The
operations of the Company and its Subsidiaries are and have been conducted at all times in compliance with applicable financial record-keeping
and reporting requirements of the Currency and Foreign Transactions Reporting Act of 1970, as amended, applicable money laundering statutes
and applicable rules and regulations thereunder (collectively, the “Money Laundering Laws”), and no Action or Proceeding
by or before any court or governmental agency, authority or body or any arbitrator involving the Company or any Subsidiary with respect
to the Money Laundering Laws is pending or, to the knowledge of the Company or any Subsidiary, threatened.


 






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(rr) No Disqualification Events. With
respect to the Securities to be offered and sold hereunder in reliance on Rule 506 under the Securities Act, none of the Company,
any of its predecessors, any affiliated issuer, any director, executive officer, other officer of the Company participating in the
offering hereunder, any beneficial owner of 20% or more of the Company’s outstanding voting equity securities, calculated on
the basis of voting power, nor any promoter (as that term is defined in Rule 405 under the Securities Act) connected with the
Company in any capacity at the time of sale (each, an “Issuer Covered Person” and, together, “Issuer
Covered Persons”) is subject to any of the “Bad Actor” disqualifications described in Rule 506(d)(1)(i) to
(viii) under the Securities Act (a “Disqualification Event”), except for a Disqualification Event covered by Rule
506(d)(2) or (d)(3). The Company has exercised reasonable care to determine whether any Issuer Covered Person is subject to a
Disqualification Event. The Company has complied, to the extent applicable, with its disclosure obligations under Rule 506(e), and
has furnished to the Purchasers a copy of any disclosures provided thereunder.


 


(ss) Other Covered Persons.
Other than the Placement Agent, the Company is not aware of any person (other than any Issuer Covered Person) that has been or will be
paid (directly or indirectly) remuneration for solicitation of purchasers in connection with the sale of any Securities.


 


(tt) Notice of Disqualification
Events. The Company will notify the Purchasers and the Placement Agent in writing, prior to the Closing Date of (i) any Disqualification
Event relating to any Issuer Covered Person and (ii) any event that would, with the passage of time, become a Disqualification Event relating
to any Issuer Covered Person.


 


3.2 Representations and Warranties
of the Purchasers. Each Purchaser, for itself and for no other Purchaser, hereby represents and warrants as of the date hereof and
as of the Closing Date to the Company as follows (unless as of a specific date therein, in which case they shall be accurate as of such
date):


 


(a) Organization; Authority. Such Purchaser
is either an individual or an entity duly incorporated or formed, validly existing and in good standing under the laws of the
jurisdiction of its incorporation or formation with full right, corporate, partnership, limited liability company or similar power
and authority to enter into and to consummate the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents and otherwise to carry out
its obligations hereunder and thereunder. The execution and delivery of the Transaction Documents and performance by such Purchaser
of the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents have been duly authorized by all necessary corporate, partnership,
limited liability company or similar action, as applicable, on the part of such Purchaser. Each Transaction Document to which it is
a party has been duly executed by such Purchaser, and when delivered by such Purchaser in accordance with the terms hereof, will
constitute the valid and legally binding obligation of such Purchaser, enforceable against it in accordance with its terms, except:
(i) as limited by general equitable principles and applicable bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, moratorium and other laws of
general application affecting enforcement of creditors’ rights generally, (ii) as limited by laws relating to the availability
of specific performance, injunctive relief or other equitable remedies and (iii) insofar as indemnification and contribution
provisions may be limited by applicable law.


 






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(b) Understandings
or Arrangements. Such Purchaser is acquiring the Securities as principal for its own account and has no direct or indirect arrangement
or understandings with any other persons to distribute or regarding the distribution of such Securities (this representation and warranty
not limiting such Purchaser’s right to sell the Securities pursuant to the Registration Statement or otherwise in compliance with
applicable federal and state securities laws). Such Purchaser understands that the Securities are “restricted securities”
and have not been registered under the Securities Act or any applicable state securities law and is acquiring such Securities as principal
for his, her or its own account and not with a view to or for distributing or reselling such Securities or any part thereof in violation
of the Securities Act or any applicable state securities law, has no present intention of distributing any of such Securities in violation
of the Securities Act or any applicable state securities law and has no direct or indirect arrangement or understandings with any other
persons to distribute or regarding the distribution of such Securities in violation of the Securities Act or any applicable state securities
law (this representation and warranty not limiting such Purchaser’s right to sell such Securities pursuant to the Registration Statement
or otherwise in compliance with applicable federal and state securities laws). Such Purchaser is acquiring the Securities hereunder in
the ordinary course of its business.


 


(c) Purchaser
Status. At the time such Purchaser was offered the Securities, it was, and as of the date hereof it is, and on each date on which
it exercises any Warrants, it will be either: (i) an “accredited investor” as defined in Rule 501(a)(1), (a)(2), (a)(3), (a)(7),
(a)(8), (a)(9), (a)(12), or (a)(13) under the Securities Act or (ii) a “qualified institutional buyer” as defined in Rule
144A(a) under the Securities Act.


 


(d) Experience
of Such Purchaser. Such Purchaser, either alone or together with its representatives, has such knowledge, sophistication and experience
in business and financial matters so as to be capable of evaluating the merits and risks of the prospective investment in the Securities,
and has so evaluated the merits and risks of such investment. Such Purchaser is able to bear the economic risk of an investment in the
Securities and, at the present time, is able to afford a complete loss of such investment.





 


(e) Access
to Information. Such Purchaser acknowledges that it has had the opportunity to review the Transaction Documents (including all exhibits
and schedules thereto) and the SEC Reports and has been afforded, (i) the opportunity to ask such questions as it has deemed necessary
of, and to receive answers from, representatives of the Company concerning the terms and conditions of the offering of the Securities
and the merits and risks of investing in the Securities; (ii) access to information about the Company and its financial condition, results
of operations, business, properties, management and prospects sufficient to enable it to evaluate its investment; and (iii) the opportunity
to obtain such additional information that the Company possesses or can acquire without unreasonable effort or expense that is necessary
to make an informed investment decision with respect to the investment. Such Purchaser acknowledges and agrees that neither the Placement
Agent nor any Affiliate of the Placement Agent has provided such Purchaser with any information or advice with respect to the Securities
nor is such information or advice necessary or desired. Neither the Placement Agent nor any Affiliate has made or makes any representation
as to the Company or the quality of the Securities and the Placement Agent and any Affiliate may have acquired non-public information
with respect to the Company which such Purchaser agrees need not be provided to it. In connection with the issuance of the Securities
to such Purchaser, neither the Placement Agent nor any of its Affiliates has acted as a financial advisor or fiduciary to such Purchaser.


 






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(f) Certain
Transactions and Confidentiality. Other than consummating the transactions contemplated hereunder, such Purchaser has not, nor has
any Person acting on behalf of or pursuant to any understanding with such Purchaser, directly or indirectly executed any purchases or
sales, including Short Sales, of the securities of the Company during the period commencing as of the time that such Purchaser first received
a term sheet (written or oral) from the Company or any other Person representing the Company setting forth the material terms of the transactions
contemplated hereunder and ending immediately prior to the execution hereof. Notwithstanding the foregoing, in the case of a Purchaser
that is a multi- managed investment vehicle whereby separate portfolio managers manage separate portions of such Purchaser’s assets
and the portfolio managers have no direct knowledge of the investment decisions made by the portfolio managers managing other portions
of such Purchaser’s assets, the representation set forth above shall only apply with respect to the portion of assets managed by
the portfolio manager that made the investment decision to purchase the Securities covered by this Agreement. Other than to other Persons
party to this Agreement or to such Purchaser’s representatives, including, without limitation, its officers, directors, partners,
legal and other advisors, employees, agents and Affiliates, such Purchaser has maintained the confidentiality of all disclosures made
to it in connection with this transaction (including the existence and terms of this transaction). Notwithstanding the foregoing, for
the avoidance of doubt, nothing contained herein shall constitute a representation or warranty, or preclude any actions, with respect
to locating or borrowing shares in order to effect Short Sales or similar transactions in the future.


 


(g) General
Solicitation. Such Purchaser is not purchasing the Securities as a result of any advertisement, article, notice or other
communication regarding the Securities published in any newspaper, magazine or similar media or broadcast over television or radio
or presented at any seminar or, to the knowledge of such Purchaser, any other general solicitation or general advertisement. The
Company acknowledges and agrees that the representations contained in this Section 3.2 shall not modify, amend or affect such
Purchaser’s right to rely on the Company’s representations and warranties contained in this Agreement or any
representations and warranties contained in any other Transaction Document or any other document or instrument executed and/or
delivered in connection with this Agreement or the consummation of the transactions contemplated hereby. Notwithstanding the
foregoing, for the avoidance of doubt, nothing contained herein shall constitute a representation or warranty, or preclude any
actions, with respect to locating or borrowing shares in order to effect Short Sales or similar transactions in the future.


 


ARTICLE IV.


OTHER AGREEMENTS OF THE PARTIES


 


4.1 Transfer Restrictions.


 


(a) The Securities may only be disposed
of in compliance with state and federal securities laws. In connection with any transfer of the Securities other than pursuant to an effective
registration statement or Rule 144, to the Company or to an Affiliate of a Purchaser or in connection with a pledge as contemplated in
Section 4.1(b), the Company may require the transferor thereof to provide to the Company an opinion of counsel selected by the transferor
and reasonably acceptable to the Company, the form and substance of which opinion shall be reasonably satisfactory to the Company, to
the effect that such transfer does not require registration of such transferred Securities under the Securities Act. As a condition of
transfer, any such transferee shall agree in writing to be bound by the terms of this Agreement and the Registration Rights Agreement
and shall have the rights and obligations of a Purchaser under this Agreement and the Registration Rights Agreement.


 


(b) The Purchasers agree to the
imprinting, so long as is required by this Section 4.1, of a legend on any of the Securities in the following form:


 


NEITHER THIS SECURITY NOR THE SECURITIES
INTO WHICH THIS SECURITY IS EXERCISABLE HAS BEEN REGISTERED WITH THE SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION OR THE SECURITIES COMMISSION OF
ANY STATE IN RELIANCE UPON AN EXEMPTION FROM REGISTRATION UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933, AS AMENDED (THE “SECURITIES ACT”),
AND, ACCORDINGLY, MAY NOT BE OFFERED OR SOLD EXCEPT PURSUANT TO AN EFFECTIVE REGISTRATION STATEMENT UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OR PURSUANT
TO AN AVAILABLE EXEMPTION FROM, OR IN A TRANSACTION NOT SUBJECT TO, THE REGISTRATION REQUIREMENTS OF THE SECURITIES ACT AND IN ACCORDANCE
WITH APPLICABLE STATE SECURITIES LAWS. THIS SECURITY AND THE SECURITIES ISSUABLE UPON EXERCISE OF THIS SECURITY MAY BE PLEDGED IN CONNECTION
WITH A BONA FIDE MARGIN ACCOUNT WITH A REGISTERED BROKER-DEALER OR OTHER LOAN WITH A FINANCIAL INSTITUTION THAT IS AN “ACCREDITED
INVESTOR” AS DEFINED IN RULE 501(a) UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OR OTHER LOAN SECURED BY SUCH SECURITIES.


 






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The Company
acknowledges and agrees that a Purchaser may from time to time pledge pursuant to a bona fide margin agreement with a registered broker-dealer
or grant a security interest in some or all of the Securities to a financial institution that is an “accredited investor”
as defined in Rule 501(a) under the Securities Act and, if required under the terms of such arrangement, such Purchaser may transfer pledged
or secured Securities to the pledgees or secured parties. Such a pledge or transfer would not be subject to approval of the Company and
no legal opinion of legal counsel of the pledgee, secured party or pledgor shall be required in connection therewith. Further, no notice
shall be required of such pledge. At the appropriate Purchaser’s expense, the Company will execute and deliver such reasonable documentation
as a pledgee or secured party of Securities may reasonably request in connection with a pledge or transfer of the Securities, including,
if the Securities are subject to registration pursuant to the Registration Rights Agreement, the preparation and filing of any required
prospectus supplement under Rule 424(b)(3) under the Securities Act or other applicable provision of the Securities Act to appropriately
amend the list of Selling Stockholders (as defined in the Registration Rights Agreement) thereunder.


 


(c) Certificates evidencing the Shares and
Warrant Shares shall not contain any legend (including the legend set forth in Section 4.1(b) hereof), (i) while a registration
statement (including the Registration Statement) covering the resale of such security is effective under the Securities Act, (ii)
following any sale of such Shares or Warrant Shares pursuant to Rule 144 (assuming cashless exercise of the Warrants), (iii) if such
Shares or Warrant Shares are eligible for sale under Rule 144 (assuming cashless exercise of the Warrants), without the requirement
for the Company to be in compliance with the current public information required under Rule 144 as to such Shares and Warrant Shares
and without volume or manner-of-sale restrictions, or (iv) if such legend is not required under applicable requirements of the
Securities Act (including judicial interpretations and pronouncements issued by the staff of the Commission). The Company shall
cause its counsel to issue a legal opinion to the Transfer Agent or the Purchaser promptly after the Effective Date if required by
the Transfer Agent to effect the removal of the legend hereunder, or if requested by a Purchaser, respectively. If all or any
portion of a Warrant is exercised at a time when there is an effective registration statement to cover the resale of the Warrant
Shares, or if such Shares or Warrant Shares may be sold under Rule 144 and the Company is then in compliance with the current public
information required under Rule 144 (assuming cashless exercise of the Warrants), or if the Shares or Warrant Shares may be sold
under Rule 144 without the requirement for the Company to be in compliance with the current public information required under Rule
144 as to such Shares or Warrant Shares or if such legend is not otherwise required under applicable requirements of the Securities
Act (including judicial interpretations and pronouncements issued by the staff of the Commission) then such Warrant Shares shall be
issued free of all legends. The Company agrees that following the Effective Date or at such time as such legend is no longer
required under this Section 4.1(c), it will, no later than the earlier of (i) two (2) Trading Days and (ii) the number of Trading
Days comprising the Standard Settlement Period (as defined below) following the delivery by a Purchaser to the Company or the
Transfer Agent of a certificate representing Shares or Warrant Shares, as the case may be, issued with a restrictive legend (such
date, the “Legend Removal Date”), deliver or cause to be delivered to such Purchaser a certificate representing
such shares that is free from all restrictive and other legends. The Company may not make any notation on its records or give
instructions to the Transfer Agent that enlarge the restrictions on transfer set forth in this Section 4. Certificates for
Securities subject to legend removal hereunder shall be transmitted by the Transfer Agent to the Purchaser by crediting the account
of the Purchaser’s prime broker with the Depository Trust Company System as directed by such Purchaser. As used herein,
“Standard Settlement Period” means the standard settlement period, expressed in a number of Trading Days, on the
Company’s primary Trading Market with respect to the Common Stock as in effect on the date of delivery of a certificate
representing Shares or Warrant Shares, as the case may be, issued with a restrictive legend.


 






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(d) In addition to such Purchaser’s
other available remedies, the Company shall pay to a Purchaser, in cash, (i) as partial liquidated damages and not as a penalty, for each
$1,000 of Shares or Warrant Shares (based on the VWAP of the Common Stock on the date such Securities are submitted to the Transfer Agent)
delivered for removal of the restrictive legend and subject to Section 4.1(c), $10 per Trading Day (increasing to $20 per Trading Day
five (5) Trading Days after such damages have begun to accrue) for each Trading Day after the Legend Removal Date until such certificate
is delivered without a legend and (ii) if the Company fails to (a) issue and deliver (or cause to be delivered) to a Purchaser by the
Legend Removal Date a certificate representing the Securities so delivered to the Company by such Purchaser that is free from all restrictive
and other legends and (b) if after the Legend Removal Date such Purchaser purchases (in an open market transaction or otherwise) shares
of Common Stock to deliver in satisfaction of a sale by such Purchaser of all or any portion of the number of shares of Common Stock,
or a sale of a number of shares of Common Stock equal to all or any portion of the number of shares of Common Stock, that such Purchaser
anticipated receiving from the Company without any restrictive legend, then an amount equal to the excess of such Purchaser’s total
purchase price (including brokerage commissions and other out-of-pocket expenses, if any) for the shares of Common Stock so purchased
(including brokerage commissions and other out-of-pocket expenses, if any) (the “Buy-In Price”) over the product of
(A) such number of Shares or Warrant Shares that the Company was required to deliver to such Purchaser by the Legend Removal Date multiplied
by (B) the lowest closing sale price of the Common Stock on any Trading Day during the period commencing on the date of the delivery by
such Purchaser to the Company of the applicable Shares or Warrant Shares (as the case may be) and ending on the date of such delivery
and payment under this Section 4(d).


 


(e) Each Purchaser, severally and
not jointly with the other Purchasers, agrees with the Company that such Purchaser will sell any Securities pursuant to either the registration
requirements of the Securities Act, including any applicable prospectus delivery requirements, or an exemption therefrom, and that if
Securities are sold pursuant to a Registration Statement, they will be sold in compliance with the plan of distribution set forth therein,
and acknowledges that the removal of the restrictive legend from certificates representing Securities as set forth in this Section 4.1
is predicated upon the Company’s reliance upon this understanding.


 


4.2 Furnishing of Information;
Public Information.


 


(a) Until the earlier of the
time that (i) no Purchaser owns Securities or (ii) the Warrants have expired, the Company covenants to maintain the registration of the
Common Stock under Section 12(b) or 12(g) of the Exchange Act and to timely file (or obtain extensions in respect thereof and file within
the applicable grace period) all reports required to be filed by the Company after the date hereof pursuant to the Exchange Act even
if the Company is not then subject to the reporting requirements of the Exchange Act.


 






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(b) At any time during the period
commencing from the six (6) month anniversary of the date hereof and ending at such time that all of the Securities may be sold without
the requirement for the Company to be in compliance with Rule 144(c)(1) and otherwise without restriction or limitation pursuant to Rule
144, if the Company (i) shall fail for any reason to satisfy the current public information requirement under Rule 144(c) or (ii) has
ever been an issuer described in Rule 144(i)(1)(i) or becomes an issuer in the future, and the Company shall fail to satisfy any condition
set forth in Rule 144(i)(2) (a “Public Information Failure”) then, in addition to such Purchaser’s other available
remedies, the Company shall pay to a Purchaser, in cash, as partial liquidated damages and not as a penalty, by reason of any such delay
in or reduction of its ability to sell the Securities, an amount in cash equal to two percent (2.0%) of the Subscription Amount of such
Purchaser’s Securities on the day of a Public Information Failure and on every thirtieth (30th) day (pro rated for periods
totaling less than thirty days) thereafter until the earlier of (a) the date such Public Information Failure is cured and (b) such time
that such public information is no longer required for the Purchasers to transfer the Shares and Warrant Shares pursuant to Rule 144.
The payments to which a Purchaser shall be entitled pursuant to this Section 4.2(b) are referred to herein as “Public Information
Failure Payments.” Public Information Failure Payments shall be paid on the earlier of (i) the last day of the calendar month
during which such Public Information Failure Payments are incurred and (ii) the third (3rd) Business Day after the event or
failure giving rise to the Public Information Failure Payments is cured. In the event the Company fails to make Public Information Failure
Payments in a timely manner, such Public Information Failure Payments shall bear interest at the rate of 1.5% per month (prorated for
partial months) until paid in full. Nothing herein shall limit such Purchaser’s right to pursue actual damages for the Public Information
Failure, and such Purchaser shall have the right to pursue all remedies available to it at law or in equity including, without limitation,
a decree of specific performance and/or injunctive relief.


 


4.3 Integration. The Company
shall not sell, offer for sale or solicit offers to buy or otherwise negotiate in respect of any security (as defined in Section 2 of
the Securities Act) that would be integrated with the offer or sale of the Securities in a manner that would require the registration
under the Securities Act of the sale of the Securities or that would be integrated with the offer or sale of the Securities for purposes
of the rules and regulations of any Trading Market such that it would require shareholder approval prior to the closing of such other
transaction unless shareholder approval is obtained before the closing of such subsequent transaction.


 


4.4 Securities Laws Disclosure;
Publicity. The Company shall (a) by the Disclosure Time, issue a press release disclosing the material terms of the transactions
contemplated hereby, and (b) file a Current Report on Form 8-K, including the Transaction Documents as exhibits thereto, with the
Commission within the time required by the Exchange Act. From and after the issuance of such press release, the Company represents
to the Purchasers that it shall have publicly disclosed all material, non-public information delivered to any of the Purchasers by
the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, or any of their respective officers, directors, employees or agents in connection with the
transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents. In addition, effective upon the issuance of such press release, the Company
acknowledges and agrees that any and all confidentiality or similar obligations under any agreement, whether written or oral,
between the Company, any of its Subsidiaries or any of their respective officers, directors, agents, employees or Affiliates on the
one hand, and any of the Purchasers or any of their Affiliates on the other hand, shall terminate. The Company and each Purchaser
shall consult with each other in issuing any other press releases with respect to the transactions contemplated hereby, and neither
the Company nor any Purchaser shall issue any such press release nor otherwise make any such public statement without the prior
consent of the Company, with respect to any press release of any Purchaser, or without the prior consent of each Purchaser, with
respect to any press release of the Company, which consent shall not unreasonably be withheld or delayed, except if such disclosure
is required by law, in which case the disclosing party shall promptly provide the other party with prior notice of such public
statement or communication. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Company shall not publicly disclose the name of any Purchaser, or
include the name of any Purchaser in any filing with the Commission or any regulatory agency or Trading Market, without the prior
written consent of such Purchaser, except (a) as required by federal securities law in connection with (i) any registration
statement contemplated by the Registration Rights Agreement and (ii) the filing of final Transaction Documents with the Commission
and (b) to the extent such disclosure is required by law or Trading Market regulations, in which case the Company shall provide the
Purchasers with prior notice of such disclosure permitted under this clause (b).


 






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4.5 Shareholder Rights Plan.
No claim will be made or enforced by the Company or, with the consent of the Company, any other Person, that any Purchaser is an “Acquiring
Person” under any control share acquisition, business combination, poison pill (including any distribution under a rights agreement)
or similar anti-takeover plan or arrangement in effect or hereafter adopted by the Company, or that any Purchaser could be deemed to trigger
the provisions of any such plan or arrangement, by virtue of receiving Securities under the Transaction Documents or under any other agreement
between the Company and the Purchasers.


 


4.6 Non-Public Information. Except with respect
to the material terms and conditions of the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents, which shall be disclosed pursuant
to Section 4.4, the Company covenants and agrees that neither it, nor any other Person acting on its behalf will provide any Purchaser
or its agents or counsel with any information that constitutes, or the Company reasonably believes constitutes, material non-public information,
unless prior thereto such Purchaser shall have consented to the receipt of such information and agreed with the Company to keep such
information confidential. The Company understands and confirms that each Purchaser shall be relying on the foregoing covenant in effecting
transactions in securities of the Company. To the extent that the Company, any of its Subsidiaries, or any of their respective officers,
directors, agents, employees or Affiliates delivers any material, non-public information to a Purchaser without such Purchaser’s
consent, the Company hereby covenants and agrees that such Purchaser shall not have any duty of confidentiality to the Company, any of
its Subsidiaries, or any of their respective officers, directors, agents, employees or Affiliates, or a duty to the Company, any of its
Subsidiaries or any of their respective officers, directors, agents, employees or Affiliates not to trade on the basis of, such material,
non-public information, provided that the Purchaser shall remain subject to applicable law. To the extent that any notice provided pursuant
to any Transaction Document constitutes, or contains, material, non-public information regarding the Company or any Subsidiaries, the
Company shall simultaneously file such notice with the Commission pursuant to a Current Report on Form 8-K. The Company understands and
confirms that each Purchaser shall be relying on the foregoing covenant in effecting transactions in securities of the Company.


 


4.7 Use of Proceeds. Except
as set forth on Schedule 4.7 attached hereto, the Company shall use the net proceeds from the sale of the Securities hereunder
for working capital purposes and shall not use such proceeds: (a) for the satisfaction of any portion of the Company’s debt (other
than payment of trade payables in the ordinary course of the Company’s business and prior practices), (b) for the redemption of
any Common Stock or Common Stock Equivalents, (c) for the settlement of any outstanding litigation or (d) in violation of FCPA or OFAC
regulations.


 






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4.8 Indemnification of Purchasers. Subject
to the provisions of this Section 4.8, the Company will indemnify and hold each Purchaser and its directors, officers, shareholders,
members, partners, employees and agents (and any other Persons with a functionally equivalent role of a Person holding such titles notwithstanding
a lack of such title or any other title), each Person who controls such Purchaser (within the meaning of Section 15 of the Securities
Act and Section 20 of the Exchange Act), and the directors, officers, shareholders, agents, members, partners or employees (and any other
Persons with a functionally equivalent role of a Person holding such titles notwithstanding a lack of such title or any other title)
of such controlling persons (each, a “Purchaser Party”) harmless from any and all losses, liabilities, obligations, claims,
contingencies, damages, costs and expenses, including all judgments, amounts paid in settlements, court costs and reasonable attorneys’
fees and costs of investigation that any such Purchaser Party may suffer or incur as a result of or relating to (a) any breach of any
of the representations, warranties, covenants or agreements made by the Company in this Agreement or in the other Transaction Documents
or (b) any action instituted against the Purchaser Parties in any capacity, or any of them or their respective Affiliates, by any stockholder
of the Company who is not an Affiliate of such Purchaser Party, with respect to any of the transactions contemplated by the Transaction
Documents (unless such action is solely based upon a material breach of such Purchaser Party’s representations, warranties or covenants
under the Transaction Documents or any agreements or understandings such Purchaser Party may have with any such stockholder or any violations
by such Purchaser Party of state or federal securities laws or any conduct by such Purchaser Party which is finally judicially determined
to constitute fraud, gross negligence or willful misconduct), or (c) in connection with any registration statement of the Company providing
for the resale by the Purchasers of the Warrant Shares issued and issuable upon exercise of the Warrants, the Company will indemnify
each Purchaser Party, to the fullest extent permitted by applicable law, from and against any and all losses, claims, damages, liabilities,
costs (including, without limitation, reasonable attorneys’ fees) and expenses, as incurred, arising out of or relating to (i)
any untrue or alleged untrue statement of a material fact contained in such registration statement, any prospectus or any form of prospectus
or in any amendment or supplement thereto or in any preliminary prospectus, or arising out of or relating to any omission or alleged
omission of a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein (in the case of any prospectus
or supplement thereto, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made) not misleading, except to the extent, but only to
the extent, that such untrue statements or omissions are based solely upon information regarding such Purchaser Party furnished in writing
to the Company by such Purchaser Party expressly for use therein, or (ii) any violation or alleged violation by the Company of the Securities
Act, the Exchange Act or any state securities law, or any rule or regulation thereunder in connection therewith. If any action shall
be brought against any Purchaser Party in respect of which indemnity may be sought pursuant to this Agreement, such Purchaser Party shall
promptly notify the Company in writing, and the Company shall have the right to assume the defense thereof with counsel of its own choosing
reasonably acceptable to the Purchaser Party. Any Purchaser Party shall have the right to employ separate counsel in any such action
and participate in the defense thereof, but the fees and expenses of such counsel shall be at the expense of such Purchaser Party except
to the extent that (x) the employment thereof has been specifically authorized by the Company in writing, (y) the Company has failed
after a reasonable period of time to assume such defense and to employ counsel or (z) in such action there is, in the reasonable opinion
of counsel, a material conflict on any material issue between the position of the Company and the position of such Purchaser Party, in
which case the Company shall be responsible for the reasonable fees and expenses of no more than one such separate counsel. The Company
will not be liable to any Purchaser Party under this Agreement (1) for any settlement by a Purchaser Party effected without the Company’s
prior written consent, which shall not be unreasonably withheld or delayed; or (2) to the extent, but only to the extent that a loss,
claim, damage or liability is attributable to any Purchaser Party’s breach of any of the representations, warranties, covenants
or agreements made by such Purchaser Party in this Agreement or in the other Transaction Documents. The indemnification required by this
Section 4.8 shall be made by periodic payments of the amount thereof during the course of the investigation or defense, as and when bills
are received or are incurred. The indemnity agreements contained herein shall be in addition to any cause of action or similar right
of any Purchaser Party against the Company or others and any liabilities the Company may be subject to pursuant to law.


 






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4.9 Reservation
of Common Stock. As of the date hereof, the Company has reserved and the Company shall continue to reserve and keep available at all
times, free of preemptive rights, a sufficient number of shares of Common Stock for the purpose of enabling the Company to issue Shares
pursuant to this Agreement and Warrant Shares pursuant to any exercise of the Warrants.


 


4.10 Listing of Common Stock.
The Company hereby agrees to use best efforts to maintain the listing or quotation of the Common Stock on the Trading Market on which
it is currently listed, and concurrently with the Closing, the Company shall apply to list or quote all of the Shares and Warrant Shares
on such Trading Market and promptly secure the listing of all of the Shares and Warrant Shares on such Trading Market. The Company further
agrees, if the Company applies to have the Common Stock traded on any other Trading Market, it will then include in such application all
of the Shares and Warrant Shares, and will take such other action as is necessary to cause all of the Shares and Warrant Shares to be
listed or quoted on such other Trading Market as promptly as possible. The Company will then take all action reasonably necessary to continue
the listing and trading of its Common Stock on a Trading Market and will comply in all respects with the Company’s reporting, filing
and other obligations under the bylaws or rules of the Trading Market. The Company agrees to maintain the eligibility of the Common Stock
for electronic transfer through the Depository Trust Company or another established clearing corporation, including, without limitation,
by timely payment of fees to the Depository Trust Company or such other established clearing corporation in connection with such electronic
transfer.


 


4.11 [RESERVED]


 


4.12 Subsequent Equity Sales.


 


(a) From the date hereof until sixty (60) days
following the Effective Date, neither the Company nor any Subsidiary shall (i) issue, enter into any agreement to issue or announce
the issuance or proposed issuance of any shares of Common Stock or Common Stock Equivalents or (ii) file any registration statement
or any amendment or supplement thereto, in each case other than as contemplated pursuant to the Registration Rights Agreement.


 


(b) From the date hereof until the
one (1) year anniversary of the Effective Date, the Company shall be prohibited from effecting or entering into an agreement to effect
any issuance by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries of Common Stock or Common Stock Equivalents (or a combination of units thereof)
involving a Variable Rate Transaction. “Variable Rate Transaction” means a transaction in which the Company (i) issues
or sells any debt or equity securities that are convertible into, exchangeable or exercisable for, or include the right to receive additional
shares of Common Stock either (A) at a conversion price, exercise price or exchange rate or other price that is based upon and/or varies
with the trading prices of or quotations for the shares of Common Stock at any time after the initial issuance of such debt or equity
securities, or (B) with a conversion, exercise or exchange price that is subject to being reset at some future date after the initial
issuance of such debt or equity security or upon the occurrence of specified or contingent events directly or indirectly related to the
business of the Company or the market for the Common Stock or (ii) enters into, or effects a transaction under, any agreement, including,
but not limited to, an equity line of credit, whereby the Company may issue securities at a future determined price. Any Purchaser shall
be entitled to obtain injunctive relief against the Company to preclude any such issuance, which remedy shall be in addition to any right
to collect damages.


 






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(c) Notwithstanding the foregoing, this Section 4.12
shall not apply in respect of an Exempt Issuance, except that no Variable Rate Transaction shall be an Exempt Issuance.


 


4.13 Equal
Treatment of Purchasers. No consideration (including any modification of this Agreement) shall be offered or paid to any Person to
amend or consent to a waiver or modification of any provision of this Agreement unless the same consideration is also offered to all of
the parties to this Agreement. For clarification purposes, this provision constitutes a separate right granted to each Purchaser by the
Company and negotiated separately by each Purchaser, and is intended for the Company to treat the Purchasers as a class and shall not
in any way be construed as the Purchasers acting in concert or as a group with respect to the purchase, disposition or voting of Securities
or otherwise.


 


4.14 Certain Transactions and
Confidentiality. Each Purchaser, severally and not jointly with the other Purchasers, covenants that neither it nor any
Affiliate acting on its behalf or pursuant to any understanding with it will execute any purchases or sales, including Short Sales
of any of the Company’s securities during the period commencing with the execution of this Agreement and ending at such time
that the transactions contemplated by this Agreement are first publicly announced pursuant to the initial press release as described
in Section 4.4. Each Purchaser, severally and not jointly with the other Purchasers, covenants that until such time as the
transactions contemplated by this Agreement are publicly disclosed by the Company pursuant to the initial press release as described
in Section 4.4, such Purchaser will maintain the confidentiality of the existence and terms of this transaction and the information
included in the Disclosure Schedules. Notwithstanding the foregoing and notwithstanding anything contained in this Agreement to the
contrary, the Company expressly acknowledges and agrees that (i) no Purchaser makes any representation, warranty or covenant hereby
that it will not engage in effecting transactions in any securities of the Company after the time that the transactions contemplated
by this Agreement are first publicly announced pursuant to the initial press release as described in Section 4.4, (ii) no Purchaser
shall be restricted or prohibited from effecting any transactions in any securities of the Company in accordance with applicable
securities laws from and after the time that the transactions contemplated by this Agreement are first publicly announced pursuant
to the initial press release as described in Section 4.4 and (iii) no Purchaser shall have any duty of confidentiality or duty not
to trade in the securities of the Company to the Company or its Subsidiaries after the issuance of the initial press release as
described in Section 4.4. Notwithstanding the foregoing, in the case of a Purchaser that is a multi-managed investment vehicle
whereby separate portfolio managers manage separate portions of such Purchaser’s assets and the portfolio managers have no
direct knowledge of the investment decisions made by the portfolio managers managing other portions of such Purchaser’s
assets, the covenant set forth above shall only apply with respect to the portion of assets managed by the portfolio manager that
made the investment decision to purchase the Securities covered by this Agreement.


 


4.15 Exercise Procedures.
The form of Notice of Exercise included in the Warrants set forth the totality of the procedures required of the Purchasers in order to
exercise the Warrants. No additional legal opinion, other information or instructions shall be required of the Purchasers to exercise
their Warrants. Without limiting the preceding sentences, no ink-original Notice of Exercise shall be required, nor shall any medallion
guarantee (or other type of guarantee or notarization) of any Notice of Exercise form be required in order to exercise the Warrants. The
Company shall honor exercises of the Warrants and shall deliver Warrant Shares in accordance with the terms, conditions and time periods
set forth in the Transaction Documents.


 


4.16 Capital Changes. Other
than as is required to maintain listing of the Company’s securities on a Trading Market, until the one year anniversary of the Closing
Date, the Company shall not undertake a reverse or forward stock split or reclassification of the Common Stock without the prior written
consent of the Purchasers holding a majority in interest of the Shares.


 






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4.17 Form D; Blue Sky Filings.
If required, the Company agrees to timely file a Form D with respect to the Securities as required under Regulation D and to provide a
copy thereof, promptly upon request of any Purchaser. The Company shall take such action as the Company shall reasonably determine is
necessary in order to obtain an exemption for, or to qualify the Securities for, sale to the Purchasers at the Closing under applicable
securities or “Blue Sky” laws of the states of the United States, and shall provide evidence of such actions promptly upon
request of any Purchaser.


 


ARTICLE V.


MISCELLANEOUS


 


5.1 Termination. This Agreement
may be terminated by any Purchaser, as to such Purchaser’s obligations hereunder only and without any effect whatsoever on the obligations
between the Company and the other Purchasers, by written notice to the other parties, if the Closing has not been consummated on or before
the fifth (5th) Trading Day following the date hereof; provided, however, that no such termination will affect the right of any
party to sue for any breach by any other party (or parties).





 


5.2 Fees and Expenses. Except
as expressly set forth in the Transaction Documents to the contrary, each party shall pay the fees and expenses of its advisers, counsel,
accountants and other experts, if any, and all other expenses incurred by such party incident to the negotiation, preparation, execution,
delivery and performance of this Agreement. The Company shall pay all Transfer Agent fees (including, without limitation, any fees required
for same-day processing of any instruction letter delivered by the Company and any exercise notice delivered by a Purchaser), stamp taxes
and other taxes and duties levied in connection with the delivery of any Securities to the Purchasers.


 


5.3 Entire Agreement. The Transaction
Documents, together with the exhibits and schedules thereto, contain the entire understanding of the parties with respect to the subject
matter hereof and thereof and supersede all prior agreements and understandings, oral or written, with respect to such matters, which
the parties acknowledge have been merged into such documents, exhibits and schedules.


 


5.4 Notices. Any and all notices
or other communications or deliveries required or permitted to be provided hereunder shall be in writing and shall be deemed given and
effective on the earliest of: (a) the time of transmission, if such notice or communication is delivered via facsimile at the facsimile
number or email attachment at the email address as set forth on the signature pages attached hereto at or prior to 5:30 p.m. (New York
City time) on a Trading Day, (b) the next Trading Day after the time of transmission, if such notice or communication is delivered via
facsimile at the facsimile number or email attachment at the email address as set forth on the signature pages attached hereto on a day
that is not a Trading Day or later than 5:30 p.m. (New York City time) on any Trading Day, (c) the second (2nd) Trading Day following
the date of mailing, if sent by U.S. nationally recognized overnight courier service or (d) upon actual receipt by the party to whom such
notice is required to be given. The address for such notices and communications shall be as set forth on the signature pages attached
hereto. To the extent that any notice provided pursuant to any Transaction Document constitutes, or contains, material, non- public information
regarding the Company or any Subsidiaries, the Company shall simultaneously file such notice with the Commission pursuant to a Current
Report on Form 8-K.


 


5.5 Amendments; Waivers. No provision of this
Agreement may be waived, modified, supplemented or amended except in a written instrument signed, in the case of an amendment, by the
Company and Purchasers which purchased at least 50.1% in interest of the Shares based on the initial Subscription Amounts hereunder (or,
prior to the Closing, the Company and each Purchaser) or, in the case of a waiver, by the party against whom enforcement of any such
waived provision is sought, provided that if any amendment, modification or waiver disproportionately and adversely impacts a Purchaser
(or group of Purchasers), the consent of at least 50.1% in interest of such disproportionately impacted Purchaser (or group of Purchasers)
shall also be required. No waiver of any default with respect to any provision, condition or requirement of this Agreement shall be deemed
to be a continuing waiver in the future or a waiver of any subsequent default or a waiver of any other provision, condition or requirement
hereof, nor shall any delay or omission of any party to exercise any right hereunder in any manner impair the exercise of any such right.
Any proposed amendment or waiver that disproportionately, materially and adversely affects the rights and obligations of any Purchaser
relative to the comparable rights and obligations of the other Purchasers shall require the prior written consent of such adversely affected
Purchaser. Any amendment effected in accordance with this Section 5.5 shall be binding upon each Purchaser and holder of Securities and
the Company.


 






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5.6 Headings. The headings herein are for convenience
only, do not constitute a part of this Agreement and shall not be deemed to limit or affect any of the provisions hereof.


 


5.7 Successors and Assigns.
This Agreement shall be binding upon and inure to the benefit of the parties and their successors and permitted assigns. The Company may
not assign this Agreement or any rights or obligations hereunder without the prior written consent of each Purchaser (other than by merger).
Any Purchaser may assign any or all of its rights under this Agreement to any Person to whom such Purchaser assigns or transfers any Securities,
provided that such transferee agrees in writing to be bound, with respect to the transferred Securities, by the provisions of the Transaction
Documents that apply to the “Purchasers.”


 


5.8 No Third-Party Beneficiaries.
The Placement Agent shall be the third party beneficiary of the representations and warranties of the Company in Section 3.1 and the representations
and warranties of the Purchasers in Section 3.2. This Agreement is intended for the benefit of the parties hereto and their respective
successors and permitted assigns and is not for the benefit of, nor may any provision hereof be enforced by, any other Person, except
as otherwise set forth in Section 4.8 and this Section 5.8.


 


5.9 Governing Law. All questions
concerning the construction, validity, enforcement and interpretation of the Transaction Documents shall be governed by and construed
and enforced in accordance with the internal laws of the State of New York, without regard to the principles of conflicts of law thereof.
Each party agrees that all legal Proceedings concerning the interpretations, enforcement and defense of the transactions contemplated
by this Agreement and any other Transaction Documents (whether brought against a party hereto or its respective affiliates, directors,
officers, shareholders, partners, members, employees or agents) shall be commenced exclusively in the state and federal courts sitting
in the City of New York. Each party hereby irrevocably submits to the exclusive jurisdiction of the state and federal courts sitting in
the City of New York, Borough of Manhattan for the adjudication of any dispute hereunder or in connection herewith or with any transaction
contemplated hereby or discussed herein (including with respect to the enforcement of any of the Transaction Documents), and hereby irrevocably
waives, and agrees not to assert in any Action or Proceeding, any claim that it is not personally subject to the jurisdiction of any such
court, that such Action or Proceeding is improper or is an inconvenient venue for such Proceeding. Each party hereby irrevocably waives
personal service of process and consents to process being served in any such Action or Proceeding by mailing a copy thereof via registered
or certified mail or overnight delivery (with evidence of delivery) to such party at the address in effect for notices to it under this
Agreement and agrees that such service shall constitute good and sufficient service of process and notice thereof. Nothing contained herein
shall be deemed to limit in any way any right to serve process in any other manner permitted by law. If any party shall commence an Action
or Proceeding to enforce any provisions of the Transaction Documents, then, in addition to the obligations of the Company under Section
4.8, the prevailing party in such Action or Proceeding shall be reimbursed by the non-prevailing party for its reasonable attorneys’
fees and other costs and expenses incurred with the investigation, preparation and prosecution of such Action or Proceeding.





 


5.10 Survival. The representations
and warranties contained herein shall survive the Closing and the delivery of the Securities.


 






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5.11 Execution. This Agreement
may be executed in two or more counterparts, all of which when taken together shall be considered one and the same agreement and shall
become effective when counterparts have been signed by each party and delivered to each other party, it being understood that the parties
need not sign the same counterpart. In the event that any signature is delivered by facsimile transmission or by e-mail delivery of a
“.pdf” format data file, such signature shall create a valid and binding obligation of the party executing (or on whose behalf
such signature is executed) with the same force and effect as if such facsimile or “.pdf” signature page were an original
thereof.


 


5.12 Severability. If any
term, provision, covenant or restriction of this Agreement is held by a court of competent jurisdiction to be invalid, illegal, void or
unenforceable, the remainder of the terms, provisions, covenants and restrictions set forth herein shall remain in full force and effect
and shall in no way be affected, impaired or invalidated, and the parties hereto shall use their commercially reasonable efforts to find
and employ an alternative means to achieve the same or substantially the same result as that contemplated by such term, provision, covenant
or restriction. It is hereby stipulated and declared to be the intention of the parties that they would have executed the remaining terms,
provisions, covenants and restrictions without including any of such that may be hereafter declared invalid, illegal, void or unenforceable.


 


5.13 Rescission
and Withdrawal Right. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained in (and without limiting any similar provisions of) any of
the other Transaction Documents, whenever any Purchaser exercises a right, election, demand or option under a Transaction Document and
the Company does not timely perform its related obligations within the periods therein provided, then such Purchaser may rescind or withdraw,
in its sole discretion from time to time upon written notice to the Company, any relevant notice, demand or election in whole or in part
without prejudice to its future actions and rights; provided, however, that, in the case of a rescission of an exercise of a Warrant,
the applicable Purchaser shall be required to return any shares of Common Stock subject to any such rescinded exercise notice concurrently
with the return to such Purchaser of the aggregate exercise price paid to the Company for such shares and the restoration of such Purchaser’s
right to acquire such shares pursuant to such Purchaser’s Warrant (including, issuance of a replacement warrant certificate evidencing
such restored right).


 


5.14 Replacement of Securities.
If any certificate or instrument evidencing any Securities is mutilated, lost, stolen or destroyed, the Company shall issue or cause to
be issued in exchange and substitution for and upon cancellation thereof (in the case of mutilation), or in lieu of and substitution therefor,
a new certificate or instrument, but only upon receipt of evidence reasonably satisfactory to the Company of such loss, theft or destruction.
The applicant for a new certificate or instrument under such circumstances shall also pay any reasonable third-party costs (including
customary indemnity) associated with the issuance of such replacement Securities.


 


5.15 Remedies. In addition to being entitled
to exercise all rights provided herein or granted by law, including recovery of damages, each of the Purchasers and the Company will
be entitled to specific performance under the Transaction Documents. The parties agree that monetary damages may not be adequate compensation
for any loss incurred by reason of any breach of obligations contained in the Transaction Documents and hereby agree to waive and not
to assert in any Action for specific performance of any such obligation the defense that a remedy at law would be adequate.


 






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5.16 Payment Set Aside. To
the extent that the Company makes a payment or payments to any Purchaser pursuant to any Transaction Document or a Purchaser enforces
or exercises its rights thereunder, and such payment or payments or the proceeds of such enforcement or exercise or any part thereof are
subsequently invalidated, declared to be fraudulent or preferential, set aside, recovered from, disgorged by or are required to be refunded,
repaid or otherwise restored to the Company, a trustee, receiver or any other Person under any law (including, without limitation, any
bankruptcy law, state or federal law, common law or equitable cause of action), then to the extent of any such restoration the obligation
or part thereof originally intended to be satisfied shall be revived and continued in full force and effect as if such payment had not
been made or such enforcement or setoff had not occurred.


 


5.17 Independent Nature of Purchasers’
Obligations and Rights. The obligations of each Purchaser under any Transaction Document are several and not joint with the obligations
of any other Purchaser, and no Purchaser shall be responsible in any way for the performance or non- performance of the obligations of
any other Purchaser under any Transaction Document. Nothing contained herein or in any other Transaction Document, and no action taken
by any Purchaser pursuant hereto or thereto, shall be deemed to constitute the Purchasers as a partnership, an association, a joint venture
or any other kind of entity, or create a presumption that the Purchasers are in any way acting in concert or as a group with respect to
such obligations or the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents. Each Purchaser shall be entitled to independently protect
and enforce its rights including, without limitation, the rights arising out of this Agreement or out of the other Transaction Documents,
and it shall not be necessary for any other Purchaser to be joined as an additional party in any Proceeding for such purpose. Each Purchaser
has been represented by its own separate legal counsel in its review and negotiation of the Transaction Documents. For reasons of administrative
convenience only, each Purchaser and its respective counsel have chosen to communicate with the Company through the legal counsel of the
Placement Agent. The legal counsel of the Placement Agent does not represent any of the Purchasers and only represents the Placement Agent.
The Company has elected to provide all Purchasers with the same terms and Transaction Documents for the convenience of the Company and
not because it was required or requested to do so by any of the Purchasers. It is expressly understood and agreed that each provision
contained in this Agreement and in each other Transaction Document is between the Company and a Purchaser, solely, and not between the
Company and the Purchasers collectively and not between and among the Purchasers.


 


5.18 Liquidated Damages. The
Company’s obligations to pay any partial liquidated damages or other amounts owing under the Transaction Documents is a continuing
obligation of the Company and shall not terminate until all unpaid partial liquidated damages and other amounts have been paid notwithstanding
the fact that the instrument or security pursuant to which such partial liquidated damages or other amounts are due and payable shall
have been canceled.


 


5.19 Saturdays, Sundays, Holidays, etc. If
the last or appointed day for the taking of any action or the expiration of any right required or granted herein shall not be a Business
Day, then such action may be taken or such right may be exercised on the next succeeding Business


Day.


 


5.20 Construction. The parties
agree that each of them and/or their respective counsel have reviewed and had an opportunity to revise the Transaction Documents and,
therefore, the normal rule of construction to the effect that any ambiguities are to be resolved against the drafting party shall not
be employed in the interpretation of the Transaction Documents or any amendments thereto. In addition, each and every reference to share
prices and shares of Common Stock in any Transaction Document shall be subject to adjustment for reverse and forward stock splits, stock
dividends, stock combinations and other similar transactions of the Common Stock that occur after the date of this Agreement.


 


5.21 WAIVER OF JURY TRIAL. IN
ANY ACTION, SUIT, OR PROCEEDING IN ANY JURISDICTION BROUGHT BY ANY PARTY AGAINST ANY OTHER PARTY, THE PARTIES EACH KNOWINGLY AND INTENTIONALLY,
TO THE GREATEST EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW, HEREBY ABSOLUTELY, UNCONDITIONALLY, IRREVOCABLY AND EXPRESSLY WAIVES FOREVER TRIAL
BY JURY.


 


(Signature Pages Follow)





 






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IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties
hereto have caused this Securities Purchase Agreement to be duly executed by their respective authorized signatories as of the date first
indicated above.


 


	BLUE WATER VACCINES INC.  	 	Address for Notice:
	 	 	 
	By:	 	 	 
	 	Name:	 	E-Mail:
	 	Title:	 	 
	 	 	 
	With a copy to (which shall not constitute notice):	 	 
	 	 	 
	Email:	 	 
	Attention:	 	 




 


[REMAINDER OF PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK


SIGNATURE PAGE FOR PURCHASER FOLLOWS]





 






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[PURCHASER SIGNATURE PAGES TO BWV SECURITIES PURCHASE
AGREEMENT]


 


IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the undersigned
have caused this Securities Purchase Agreement to be duly executed by their respective authorized signatories as of the date first indicated
above.


 


Name of Purchaser: ________________________________________________________


 


Signature of Authorized Signatory of Purchaser:
_________________________________


 


Name of Authorized Signatory: _______________________________________________


 


Title of Authorized Signatory: ________________________________________________


 


Email Address of Authorized Signatory:_________________________________________


 


Address for Notice to Purchaser:


 


Address for Delivery of Securities to Purchaser (if not same as address
for notice):


 


Subscription Amount: $_________________


 


Shares: _________________


 


Pre-Funded
Warrants: _______________ Beneficial Ownership Blocker ☐ 4.99%
or ☐ 9.99%


 


Preferred
Investment Option: _____________ Beneficial Ownership Blocker ☐
4.99% or ☐ 9.99%


 


EIN Number: _______________________


 


 


[SIGNATURE PAGES CONTINUE]


 


 


 


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