275°W

274°W

273°W

272°W 271°W 270°W

275°W

274°W

273°W

272°W 271°W 270°W

–37°

–36°

–35°

–34°

–33°

–37°

–36°

–35°

–34°

–33°

85°E

–32.5°

86°E

87°E

88°E 89°E 90°E

85°E

86°E

87°E

88°E 89°E 90°E

–37.5°

–37°

–36°

–35°

–34°

–33°

–32.5°

–37.5°

–37°

–36°

–35°

–34°

–33°

–3000

–4000

–5000

–3000

–3000

–5000

–3000

–5000

–4000

–4000

–2000

–4000

–4000

–4000

–3000

–5000

–3000

–3000

–2000

–4000

–2000

Njesko

Taejin

Poti

Apia

CORONAE 

MONTES

Dao

Vallis

NOTES ON BASE

This map, compiled photogrammetrically from Viking Orbiter stereo image 

pairs, is part of a series of topographic maps of areas of special scientific 

interest on Mars.

MTM 500k –35/087E OMKT

The map code identifies the Mars topographic maps:

MTM 500k –35/087E OMKT: Abbreviation for Mars transverse 

Mercator projection; 1:500,000 series; center of sheet lat 35° S., long 

87.5° E. in planetocentric coordinate system (this corresponds to –35/272; 

lat 35° S., long 272.5° W. in planetographic coordinate system); 

orthophotomosaic (OM) with color-coded (K) topographic contours and 

nomenclature (T) (Greeley and Batson, 1990)

ADOPTED FIGURE

The figure of Mars used for the computation of the map projection is an oblate 

spheroid (flattening of 1/176.875) with an equatorial radius of 3,396.19 km 

and a polar radius of 3,376.2 km (Seidelmann and others, 2002). The datum 

(the 0-km contour line) for elevations is defined as the equipotential surface 

(gravitational plus rotational) whose average value at the equator is equal to 

the mean radius as determined by Mars Orbiter Laser Altimeter (MOLA; 

Smith and others, 2001).

PROJECTION

The projection is part of a Mars transverse Mercator (MTM) system with 20°-

wide zones. For the area covered by this map, the central meridian is at 90° E. 

(270° W.). The scale factor at the central meridian of the zone containing this 

quadrangle is 0.9960 relative to a nominal scale of 1:500,000.

COORDINATE SYSTEM

Longitude increases to the east and latitude is planetocentric (black) as allowed 

by International Astronomical Union/International Association of Geodesy 

(IAU/IAG) standards (Seidelmann and others, 2002) and in accordance with 

current National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) and U.S. 

Geological Survey (USGS) standards (Duxbury and others, 2002). A secondary grid ( red) has been added to the map as a reference to the west longitude/planetographic latitude system that is also allowed by IAU/IAG standards 

(Seidelmann and others, 2002) and has been used for previous Mars maps.

CONTROL

Horizontal and vertical control was established using the Mosaicked Digital 

Image Model 2.0 (MDIM 2.0; Kirk and others, 2000) and MOLA data. A portion of MDIM 2.0 covering the map area was extracted in simple cylindrical 

projection. This MDIM image was georeferenced to the MOLA data with an 

affine transformation. The MDIM image and georeferencing information were 

imported into a digital photogrammetric workstation (Miller and Walker, 

1993) and used as an orthophoto to provide horizontal control to stereopairs of 

Viking imagery. The horizontal information was used to extract vertical control from the MOLA data. Note that the distribution of Viking Orbiter images 

suitable for mapping at a scale of 1:500,000 is uneven. Areas mapped in this 

series are chosen, often in blocks of two or more adjacent quadrangles, based 

on scientific interest as well as on the availability of suitable data for accurate 

mapping.

CONTOURS

Contours were derived from a digital elevation model (DEM) compiled on a 

digital photogrammetric workstation using Viking Orbiter stereo image pairs 

with orientation parameters derived from an analytic aerotriangulation. Contours were drawn automatically using a commercial geographic information 

system (GIS) software package (Environmental Systems Research Institute, 

1994). For the stereomodels, the local expected vertical precision, based on 

image resolutions, parallax-to-height ratio (that is, convergence angle), and a 

matching accuracy of 0.2 pixel, ranges from 81 m to 132 m with a mean of 99 

m. Elevation (in meters) is given with respect to the adopted Mars topographic 

datum (see section named "Adopted Figure"). A comparison of the DEM values at the MOLA point locations shows that the DEM is on average 4.4 m 

lower than the MOLA points (n=362,879; μ=-4.4 m; ¥=81.5 m). Contour lines 

were generated automatically using GIS software and were not edited. 

Because the contour lines were not edited, small closed contour lines, contour 

lines that intersect, and contour lines that do not match features are present. 

The post spacing for the DEM is 600 m; features that are less than 600 m in 

size will not be resolved and features that are smaller than 1,800 m in size 

may only have four elevation measurements associated with them. This lack 

of elevation measurements may result in contour lines that do not adequately 

represent some features. The purpose of this mapping project is to produce the 

digital orthophoto and DEM. This map provides a graphical representation of 

the digital products that are available.

IMAGE BASE

The image base for this map employs Viking Orbiter images from orbits 406, 

407, and 408. An orthophotomosaic was created on the digital photogrammetric workstation using the DEM compiled from stereo models. Integrated Software for Imagers and Spectrometers (ISIS; Torson and Becker, 1997) 

provided the software to project the orthophotomosaic into the transverse 

Mercator projection.

NOMENCLATURE

Names on this map are approved by the IAU. For a complete list of IAUapproved names, see the Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature at 

http://planetarynames.wr.usgs.gov.

REFERENCES

Duxbury, T.C., Kirk, R.L., Archinal, B.A., and Neumann, G.A., 2002, Mars 

Geodesy/Cartography Working Group Recommendations on Mars Cartographic Constants and Coordinate Systems, in Joint International Symposium on Geospatial Theory, Processing and Applications, Commission 

IV, Working Group 9—Extraterrestrial Mapping, Ottawa, Canada, 2002, 

Proceedings: Ottawa, Canada, International Society for Photogrammetry 

and Remote Sensing [http://www.isprs.org/commission4/proceedings/ 

paper.html].

Environmental Systems Research Institute, 1994, Arc commands: Redlands, 

Calif., Environmental Systems Research Institute, Inc.

Greeley, Ronald, and Batson, R.M., 1990, Planetary mapping: New York, 

Cambridge University Press, p. 261–276.

Kirk, R.L., Lee, E.M., Sucharski, R.M., Richie, J.O., Grecu, A.E., and Castro, 

S.K., 2000, MDIM 2.0—A revised global digital image mosaic of Mars in

Lunar and Planetary Science XXXI: Houston, Lunar and Planetary Institute, abstract 2011 [CD-ROM].

Miller, S.B., and Walker, A.S., 1993, Further developments of Leica Digital 

Photogrammetric Systems by Helava: ACSM/ASPRS Annual Convention 

and Exposition, Technical Papers, American Society for Photogrammetry 

and Remote Sensing, v. 3, p. 256–263.

Seidelmann, P.K. (chair), Abalakin, V.K., Bursa, M., Davies, M.E., De Bergh, 

C., Lieske, J.H., Oberst, J., Simon, J.L., Standish, E.M., Stooke, P., and 

Thomas, P.C., 2002, Report of the IAU/IAG Working Group on Cartographic Coordinates and Rotational Elements of the Planets and Satellites—2000: Celestial Mechanics and Dynamical Astronomy, v. 82, p. 

83–110.

Smith, D.E., Zuber, M.T., Frey, H.V., Garvin, J.B., Head, J.W., Muhleman, 

D.O., Pettengill, G.H., Phillips, R.J., Solomon, S.C., Zwally, H.J., 

Banerdt, W.B., Duxbury, T.C., Golombek, M.P., Lemoine, F.G., Neumann, G.A., Rowlands, D.D., Aharonson, O., Ford, P.G., Ivanov, A.B., 

McGovern, P.J., Abshire, J.B., Afzal, R.S., and Sun, X., 2001, Mars 

Orbiter Laser Altimeter (MOLA)—Experiment summary after the first 

year of global mapping of Mars: Journal of Geophysical Research, v. 106, 

p. 23,689–23,722.

Torson, J.M., and K.J., Becker, 1997, ISIS—A software architecture for processing planetary images [abs.], in Lunar and Planetary Science Conference XXVIII: Houston, Lunar and Planetary Institute, p. 1443.

–750 

–1000 

–1250 

–1500 

–1750 

–2000 

–2250 

–2500 

–2750 

–3000 

–3250 

–3500 

–3750 

–4000 

–4250 

–4500 

–4750 

–5000 

–5250 

–5500 

–5750

CONTOUR GUIDE (meters)

Photogrammetry by M.R. Rosiek

Map compilation by M.R. Rosiek and B.L. Redding

Digital terrain model review by B.L. Redding and D.M. Galuszka

Nomenclature by J.S. Blue

Editing by J.L. Zigler

Cartography by D.A. Ryan

Manuscript approved for publication November 23, 2004

Prepared on behalf of the Planetary Geology and Geophysics 

Program, Solar System Exploration Division, Office of Space 

Science, National Aeronautics and Space Administration.

 Topographic Map of the Coronae Montes Region of Mars

MTM 500k –35/087E OMKT

By

Mark R. Rosiek, Bonnie L. Redding, and Donna M. Galuszka

2005

10 20 30 40 50 60 80 90 70 100 KILOMETERS

SCALE 1:502 000 (1 mm = 502 m) AT 90° E. (270° W.) LONGITUDE

TRANSVERSE MERCATOR PROJECTION

CONTOUR INTERVAL 250 METERS

Planetocentric latitude and east longitude coordinate system shown in black.

Planetographic latitude and west longitude coordinate system shown in red.

10

Any use of trade, product, or firm names in this publication is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.

SCIENTIFIC INVESTIGATIONS MAP 2867

U.S. DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR

U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY

Prepared for the

NATIONAL AERONAUTICS AND SPACE ADMINISTRATION

MTM –35/087E QUADRANGLE VIKING STEREOMODEL COVERAGE

1 2

3 4

5 6

7 8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

21

22 23

24

25 26

27

28 29

30

MC–21

MC–5

MC–6

MC–7

MC–12 MC–13 MC–14 MC–15

MC–1

MC–20 MC–22 MC–23

MC–27

MC–28

MC–29

MC–30

QUADRANGLE LOCATION

Photomosaic showing location of map area. An outline of 

1:5,000,000-scale quadrangles is provided for reference

60°

60° 120°

120°

0°

30°

65°

360° 45° 90° 135° 180°

–30°

–65°

0°

30°

65°

–30°

–65°

Diagram of map area showing locations of image pairs used to produce the topographic information. Numbers on the diagram correspond to numbered image pairs 

listed below.

 No. IMAGE PAIR No. IMAGE PAIR No. IMAGE PAIR

 1 407S05/408S04 11 408S08/408S66 21 407S13/408S10

 2 407S07/408S04 12 407S09/408S06 22 407S10/408S08

 3 407S07/408S06 13 408S08/408S68 23 406S19/407S10

 4 408S06/408S64 14 408S09/408S68 24 406S21/407S10

 5 408S04/408S64 15 407S08/408S06 25 406S21/406S43

 6 408S05/408S64 16 329S32/363S49 26 406S21/407S12

 7 408S06/408S66 17 406S19/407S08 27 407S12/408S08

 8 408S07/408S66 18 329S30/363S47 28 407S12/408S10

 9 408S07/408S65 19 407S11/408S08 29 407S15/408S10

 10 408S07/408S67 20 408S10/408S70 30 407S06/408S04

EAST

WEST

NORTH

SOUTH