This report presents the principal findings of the third Forest Survey of Arkansas, made in 1958-59 

by the Southern Forest Experiment Station. Philip R. Wheeler, Chief of the Station's Division of 

Forest Economics, was in charge. 

The survey, which was undertaken as one phase of the nationwide inventory being conducted 

by the U. S. Forest Service. was designed to provide up-to-date information on the kind, amount, and 

condition of forest resources; the industries they support; and the possibilities for improving wood 

production. Comparison with the inventory that was completed in 195'1 helps to clarify timber trends. 

Generous assistance from public and private organizations made it possible to keep the field 

work for the new inventory ahead of the schedule that could have been maintained with regularly 

allotted funds. The very material aid of the organizations listed below, and of the individuals in 

them, is gratefully acknowledged: 

Arkansas Forest- Commission 

The Crorren Company 

International Pmper Company 

Dierks Forertr, Ins. 

Bradlev-Southern Division of Potlatch Forests, Inc. 

Fordyse Lumbev Company 

Ozan Lumber Company 

Deltic Farm and Timber Company 

Pomeroy and MsGowin 
ARKANSAS FORESTS 

U. 5. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE 

FOREST SERVICE 

SOUTHERN FOREST EXPERIMENT STATION 

New Orleans, Louisiana 
Contents 

Page 

Timber and industry in Arkansas since the midcentury ........... 1 

Forest land and timber 

Stocking is improving 

Trends in timber volume 

Cut is chiefly softwood 

Timber industries 11 

...............----. 14 

14 

Improving forest productivity 

Pine restocking prospects can be increased 

Cull-tree control widely needed . 17 

Future depends on nonindustrial landowners ~.. . 17 

Definitions of terms ............................. 18 

Forest land class .....-.....-...--.. 18 

- 19 

Detailed tables 21 

Standard tables 55 
Figure 1. Forest Survey regions in Arkansas 

iv 
Timber And Industry In Arkansas 

Since The Midcentury 

Arkansas' forest situation changed markedly What happened to the forests during the 

during the past decade. fifties? 

The pulp and paper industry greatly in- In area, the forests are 7 percent or some 1.4 

creased its capabilities. Two new multi-million million acres greater than in 1951. The latest 

dollar mills were established at Pine Bluff, and survey shows that they now encompass 62 

existing plants at Camden and Crossett were percent of Arkansas' total land area. 

enlarged (fig. 1). In response to industrial In volume, softwood growing stock (mainly 

expansion, the total output of pulpwood in- pine) has increased nearly a third, softwood 

creased more than twofold-from 604,000 cords sawtimber has gained 41 percent. These are 

in 1950 to 1,524,000 cords in 1959. Additional reversals of earlier trends. While pine inexpansion of the industry within the State and creased in the fifties, hardwood inventory diin peripheral areas promises to boost pulpwood minished 9 percent; the volume of hardwood 

production-both pine and hardwood-to new large enough for sawtimber dropped 19 perrecords in the 1960's. cent. Excessive cutting and localized land 

For lumber, the fifties were a period of clearing contributed to the decline of hardwood timber in the 

mills diminished sharp bottom-lands. In the uplands, 

Mills cutting in excess of 5 mil timber stand improvement - 

that is, noncommercial deadening of unwanted hardwood stems 

ber. Such mills may fur- -helped to reduce hardwood volther enlarge their share reas better suited to growof the output in the 

decade ahead. Recent forestry gains in 

The lumber industry . .. Arkansas have largely taken 

also developed a new and profitable market for place on public and industrially owned tracts. 

plant residues that were formerly regarded as Together these holdings make up about 7 

unavoidable waste. Today over 50 Arkansas million acres. Almost 14 million of the 20.8 

sawmills convert slabs and edgings, chiefly million forest acres in the State are held by 

pine, into high-quality chips for sale to pulp farmers and other private owners not directly 

mills. The equivalent of one in every four cords connected with wood-using industries. On 

of pine pulpwood produced in Arkansas is cur- these holdings especially, there are numerous 

rently derived from chips. Production of chips opportunities for increasing future supplies of 

is expected to continue to increase in the sixties. timber that can support new industries. ProArkansas' veneer industry, which consumes ductivity can be substantially improved by 

mainly soft-textured hardwoods, dropped to restoring pines to several million forest acres 

11 active plants in 1958, as compared to 18 ten where natural seeding appears unlikely; by 

years earlier. providing adequate growing space for thrifty 

With construction of 6 new establishments, timber through cull-tree removal; and, particupressure-treating plants doubled in number. larly on areas capable of growing industrial 

Paralleling the wood-preserving industry's ex- hardwood, by cutting practices that will permit 

pansion, production of southern pine poles and a build-up in trees of large size and desirable 

piling trended upward. species. 

Forest Land And Timber 

TRENDS IN FOREST AREA 

More Timberland Available 

Land available and suitable for timber production in Arkansas increased by 1.4 million 

acres during the past decade. Forests now 

occupy 62 percent, 20.8 million acres, of the 

State's total land area. 

The change in forest area has followed a 

well-defined pattern. In upland regions, forests 

have expanded partly as pines have been 

planted on old fields and partly as abandoned 

farm land has reverted to forest. This trend is 

typical of Midsouth States generally. In fact, 

forest area in the uplands has steadily gained 

in the Midsouth since at least the middle 1930's, 

when the first regional timber survey was carried out. At the same time, in the lower 

Mississippi River Valley-or Delta-clearing 

and drainage have continued to shrink forest 

area. In the Arkansas portion of the Delta, for 

example, commercial forest land decreased 19 

percent (838,700 acres) between 1935 and 

1950, and has since declined another 7 percent 

(248,200 acres). Clearing of new land in this 

fertile alluvial area. however, has been greatly 

overshadowed by the pronounced increases in 

forest area outside of the Delta. Overall, 

present forest area in Arkansas is 7 percent 

greater than in 1951, when the previous forest 

inventory was completed. 

What about future trends in forest area? 

Long-range regional studies ' suggest that expansion of agricultural acreage is probable for 

areas encompassing Arkansas. If projected increases are realized, the upward trend of forest 

1 wooten. H H., and Anderson. J. R. Agricultural land resources in the United states. U. S. Dept Am. Agr. Inform. 

BuI. 140, 107 pp.. illus. 1955. Also see Water resources 

activities in the United Stater. U. S. Senete Select Cammittee an National Water Resources. Committee Print 13, 

24 pp., illus. 86th Cong.. 2nd Sesr. 

acreage in Arkansas may be reversed within 

the next 15 to 20 years. 

Pine Gaining Ground 

A second trend evident in Arkansas is the 

expansion of softwood types in the uplands. 

Fifty-four percent of the forested upland acreage is in such cover; in 1951 it was 50 percent. 

Hardwood types of low quality and value are 

no longer gaining at the expense of softwoods. 

The gain in softwood types amounts to almost 1.3 million acres, of which more than 550 

thousand acres are in the southwestern region. 

Here good pine land prevails, the average site 

index being about 80 feet at age 50. Such sites 

can grow 500 or more board feet per acre 

annually, or an equivalent cubic volume of 

pulpwood, poles, or piling. To the pulp and 

paper industry, whose use of pine is steadily 

rising, the expansion of pine area in the southwest represents an especially favorable situation. Given essential fire protection, the added 

forest acreage will augment the supply of pulpwood-size trees within the next decade or so. 

Pine of course is not necessarily a stand 

component everywhere that softwood types 

have increased. In the Ozark Highlands, for 

example, softwood area has risen some 61 percent. Of this, nearly half (289,400 acres) is in 

the redcedar type. In the northern Ozarks 

especially, cedar is usually one of the first 

species to seed-in on old fields. But from the 

Boston Mountains southward, its occurrence 

is limited. 

Despite the reduction of forest area in the 

Delta, total acreage of bottom-land hardwoods 

has not changed appreciably since the previous survey (table 1). On the alluvium west 

of the Delta, farm land is reverting to forest 

faster than it is being cleared. The explanation 
Table 1. Commercial forest land bu forest tvoe 119.591 and chonoc since 1951 -. -~ . -- <. <' . ~. 

types wood hickory hardwood ' Tiid. Pe7- Thd. Per- Thd. Pe7~ Thd. Prracres cent acres cent acres cent acres cent 

Total 20.757.0 + 7 8,7778 +17 7,524.2 +I 4,455.0 +I -. - - - .

'Includes lablolly~shorlleaf pine, oak-pine, and cedar types. 

'Incloder oak-gum-cypress and elm-ash-cottonwood types. 

is perhaps that these generally smaller bottoms 

are not so well suited to mechanized agriculture as is the Delta. Some 44 percent of the 

Statewide acreage of bottom-land hardwood 

forests is presently outside of the Delta. In 

view of anticipated development of agricultural 

land within the Delta, this proportion may rise. 

Non-Delta bottom-laud hardwoods are often 

strung along the smaller streams rather than 

in continuous tracts (fig. 2:. Generally speaking, the per-acre cost of managing such stands 

tends to be relatively high. 

Stocking Is Improving 

Stocking of Arkansas timber stands has improved discernibly since 1951. At that time, 

about half the forest area was well stocked in 

the sense that it had at least 70 percent of the 

number of sound, well-formed trees of any 

size or combination of sizes needed for full 

stocking. Today two-thirds is well stocked. 

The increase amounts to some 4 million acres. 

The change is largely attributable to improved 

fire protection. On areas supporting pine, 

which generally receive the most intensive protection, stocking in small trees is noticeably 

fuller than in hardwood timber types. 

The trend toward heavier stocking is apparently quite general over the State. But improvement is most noteworthy in the Ozarks. 

The sparse stands that formerly typified this 

region have been gradually filling in with 

young trees. As a result, the well-stocked area 

has doubled. 

to cull-tree removal, especially in softwood 

types, culls still make up about one-fourth of 

the basal area in trees over 5.0 inches in diameter. 

TRENDS IN TIMBER VOLUME 

Pine Up 

Softwood volume in Arkansas, virtually all 

loblolly and shortleaf pine, now is 5.4 billion 

cubic feet-up 31 percent since 1951 (table 2; 

fig. 3). This gain, a reversal of earlier trends, 

is largely associated with ownerships that have 

long displayed a strong and active interest in 

forest management. 

Table 2. G~ovring stock uolume (1959) and change since 1951 

Hlrdwood - ~~~

Region I Volume I Csn 

inillion Per- Million Percu. It. cent eu. it. cent 

Southwent 3,384.4 + 30 2.353.7 - 8 

Ouachita 1,522.6 +39 619.8 -16 

Ozark 338.6 f 17 1.820.9 +3 

Delta 171.5 , 

-117 1,819.7 - 

-17 

Total 5,417.1 +31 6,6141 - 8 -. 

LOBLOLLY PlYt 

SHORTLEAF PINE 

CYPRESS 

CEDAR 

WHITE OAKS 

RE0 OAKS 

SWEETGUM 

HICKORY I, PECAN m 

BLACK LTUPELO GUMS D 

ELM - 

COTTONWOOD L WILLOW I 

ASH I 

Contributing to the deficiency of stocking HACKBERRY I 

in some areas is an accumulation of outright S'c"oRr I I 

I 

i 

culls, mainly hardwoods. These trees occupy OTnfR nARowooos I 0 1,000 2.000 3.000 

i 

growing space that might better be used by MllLlOM CUBIC FEET thrifty, merchantable timber or by seedlings. 

Although considerable effort is being devoted Figure 3. Growing stock by species. 
UONWTYPEO: less than 10prrEent forest 

Figure 2. Major forest types in Arkansas. 
In both the Ouachita and Ozark regions, for 

example, the softwood accretion has mainly 

taken place on public lands. Half of the 

softwood in these two mountainous areas is 

presently in National Forests. In the southwest, the increase has been chiefly on forestindustry holdings, which make up more than 

two-fifths of thc regional forest acreage. (Public acreage in the southwest is negligible. ) This 

region now contains two-thirds of all pine 

volume in Arkansas (fig. 4). The rising softwood inventory in the Delta stems from an 

increase in pine on a small acreage of upland 

sites; volunle of cypress has fallen off. 

Changes in softwood tree size betwecn the 

latest two surveys are summarized in figure 

5. Part of the increase in the smallest diameter 

Figure 5. Percentage increase in number of 

softwood growing stock trees between surveys. 

classes is undoubtedly associated with recent 

expansion of forest acreage in the uplands. But 

in trees of sawtimber size, which are in heavy 

demand both for lumber and pulp, the improvement in pine management is clearly evident. It is noteworthy that 80 pepent of all 

softwoods at least 16 inches in diameter are 

growing on the 7 million forest acres held by 

timber industries and public agencies. As a 

result of changes in stand structure, softwood 

volume increased some 1.3 billion cubic feet, 

nearly half in trees 16 inches and larger in 

diameter (fig. 6 ) . 

Figure 6. Comparison of softwood growing 

stock volume by tree diameter, 

1951 and 1959. 

Statewide, the increase in board-foot volume 

of softwoods large enough for sawtimber is 41 

percent, or 7 billion board feet (table 3). More 

illuminating, however, are the volume trends 

charted in figure 7, which are indicative of 

pine management efforts among the major 

classes of landowners. 

Table 3. Sawtimber volume 11959) and ehanae since 1951 

Softw.00~ Hirdwmd 

Voq Chapce ( volumij Change 

Million Pe7- Million Pelbd. it. cent bd, ft. cent 

Southwest 16.3596 +39 5,773.1 -19 Ouachlta 5.8516 +44 1,2140 -37 Ozark 1,2317 +64 4,270.3 -13 Delta 834.7 125 5,6368 -16 - ~~ 

Total - 24,283.6 +41 16.8942 -19 - ~ - 

PUBLIC I i i 

OTHLR PRIVATE 

0 5 I0 IS 

BlLLlOll BOARD iEtT 

m1951 1159 

Figure 7. Comparison of softwood sawtimber 

volume by class of ownership, 

1951 and 1959. 
Figure 4. Generalized distribution of pine growing stock in Arkansas 

Slightly less than 3 million acres of commercial forest is publicly held. Most of the 

privately owned forest land is in comparatively 

small holdings--chiefly under 500 acres. Of 

the nearly 14 million forest acres in private 

ownership not associated with any forest industry, about 6 million is held by farmers. 

On both forest-industry and public holdings, 

volume of softwood sawtimber is some 50 percent greater than in 1951. The improvement 

on industrial ownership may be attributable 

in part to forest acquisition during the intersurvey period. Outs~de the Delta, for example, 

forest acreage held by timber-connected industries in Arkansas has increased by 7 percent. 

Publicly owned forest acreage in Arkansas has 

decreased slightly. On private ownership other 

than that held by industry, the gain in softwood 

sawtimber has been about 16 percent. Although forest acreage in the latter ownership 

has risen some 10 percent during the past 

decade, the added area is essentially the result of reversion to forest of old fields. 

Another yardstick of management efforts is 

the extent of cultural operations aimed at reducing growing space occupied by ilnwanted 

hardwoods on upland areas better suited to 

pine. Noncommercial deadening of such hardwoods has been undertaken on some 500,000 

acres' annually during the past few years. 

Of this, about half was on forest industry 

holdings; the rest was about equally divided 

between other types of private ownerships 

and public forests. 

"Hardwood control" covers several distinct 

operations. The most common is the deadening 

of individual stems that are overtopping natural pine seedlings. Thus, the full impact of recent hardwood deadening upon the pine inventory may not be realized for 10 or 15 years, or 

until many of the newly released seedlings 

have attained growing-stock size. The latest 

control practice is the use of mechanical blowers to apply silvicidal mists to small unwanted 

'Does not include acreage on which this work was limited 

ex~llisivel~ totrees under 5.0 inches in dbh. 
hardwoods. Control of surplus small hardwoods on pine sites by treating individual 

stems is slow and costly because of the great 

numbers per acre. Mists appear to offer a less 

expensive and effective means of controlling 

small hardwoods in many situations. 

Hardwood Down 

Most growing stock in Arkansas-55 percent 

of the total-is hardwood. The 6.6 billion cubic 

feet of hardwood is 9 percent less than at the 

time of the previous inventory. Nearly threefifths of the net reduction was upland hardwood. 

In the southwest and Ouachitas, the leading 

pine-producing regions, upland hardwood volume diminished 13 and 17 percent. Available 

data suggest that an average of 22 million cubic 

feet of hardwood growing stock were killed 

annually in cultural operations alone over the 

past several years in these areas. This volume 

is equal to about one-third of the regions' annual cut of industrial hardwocd. 

Although most of Arkansas' hardwood volume is spread across the uplands, the sawlog 

component is equally divided between the bottom-lands and uplands. It will be noted from 

figure 8 that the number of hardwood sawFigure 8. Percentage change in number of 

hardwood grouling stock trees 

between surveys. 

timber trees has declined in most diameter 

classes. The drop in hardwood sawtimber, both 

in the ~lplands and in the bottoms, was quite 

general over the State. On upland soils, the 

volume of hardwood sawtimber fell off some 

24 percent; on bottom-lands, 12 percent. 

Another significant aspect of the changing 

hardwood situation is in upper-grade standard 

lumber logs. These are the logs that are normally most in demand for lumber and other 

products requiring clear material. Between 

surveys the volume of such logs-that is, 

grades 1 and 2-declined 21 percent (table 4). 

The shrinkage in better-grade hardwood is not 

likely to be arrested in the near future unlcss 

the effort devoted to hardwood forestry is substantially expanded, with emphasis on quality 

as well as the volume of future growth. One 

development that may facilitate such effort is 

the increasing demand for hardwood pulpwood. 

In time, this should enable more and more 

hardwood managers to thin their stands and 

make improvement cuttings without reducing 

the inventory suitable for more exacting products. 

Table 4. Sawtzmber volume by Log grade and tree diomete?, 

1959 

specxes Froup 

and d.b.h. All 

-- grader L- 

---- Million boald feet - - - - 

Soitwood: 

10 to 12 8,4420 35.0 256.6 9.1504 

14 to 18 11,2388 37.6 2,819.5 8,3817 

20 and up 3,8028 596.1 766.4 2,2403 ~- -. 

Total 24,283.6 668.7 3,8425 19.7724 

Hardwood: 

12 3.7901 31 8 3,7583 

14 to 18 8,5719 232.8 1,8411 6,498.0 

20 and up 4,5322 879.0 1,2067 2,4465 

Total . - 

16,894.2 1,1118 3.0796 12,7028 ~- ~ . . 

'All cedar sawlogs were graded ar No. 1. 

TIMBER GROWTH AND CUT 

Softwood Growth 1s Increasing 

Forest fires, insect pests, tree diseases, and 

other natural causes kill about 92 million cubic 

feet of Arkansas timber annually. The loss is 

equivalent to 14 percent of the net growth of 

growing stock, and is much higher in hardwoods than in softwoods. After allowance is 

made for mortality, net annual growth amounts 

to 340 million cubic feet of softwood growing 

stock and 297 million of hardwood. This equals 

31 cubic feet per acre a year, or about 0.4 cord. 
For sawtimber alone, growth totals 1.6 hiilion hoard feet of softwood and 0.8 biiiion of 

hardwood. Overall, sawtimber growth is some 

10 percent greater than at the time of the 

earlier survey. The increase is the result of 

a sizable gain in softwood that offset the 

growth reduction of hardwood. Though part 

of the hardwood decline is due to its eiimination on areas more suitable for pine, hardwood 

growth has also diminished in hardwood-producing areas. Within the entire Delta region 

of Arkansas, by way of illustration, current 

annual net growth is 91 board feet per acre 

in hardwood timber types; at the time of the 

prior survey it was 120 board feet. The task 

of rebuilding the sawtimber inventory on sites 

capable of growing industrial hardwood is obviously more difficult when growth is waning. 

Substantially reducing mortality would be one 

means of increasing overall growth of hardwood sawtimber. Per-acre growth can also be 

increased by reducing the proportion of some 

slow-growing species and by improving stand 

structure. 

Cut Is Chiefly Softwood 

In 1958, when the most recent statistics were 

compiled, 193 million cubic^ feet of softwood 

and 185 million of hardwood were cut in Arkansas. The estimate of hardwood cut includes 

24 million cubic feet killed in cultural operations. Nearly all of the softwood cut was pine. 

Oak made up 75 percent of the hardwood, other 

firm-textured hardwoods accounted for 11 percent, and soft-textured hardwoods, mainly 

sweetgum, for the remaining 14 percent. 

It will be noted in figure 9 that in 1958 the 

OTHER SOFTWOO0 

HARO HAROWOOO 

SOFT HlROWOOO 

0 100 ZOO 300 

MllLlON CUBIC FEET 

=NET ANNUAL GROWTH ~ANNU~L CUT 

Figure 9. Growth and cut of growing stock, 

1958. 

growth of hardwood growing stock exceeded 

the cut. Although hardwood growth was some 

20 percent lower than 10 years earlier, the 

reduction in hardwood cut was even more pronounced. Despite its decline, therefore, hardwood growth still exceeded the cut. 

The most significant relationships of timber 

cut to growth in Arkansas are in softwoods 

12 inches and larger in diameter, and hardwoods 16 inches and up. Trees of these sizes 

provide some three-fifths of the total cut of 

both softwood and hardwood. It is encouraging, therefore, that net growth of softwood sawtimber 12 inches and over was 1.7 times the 

1958 cut. But for hardwood sawtimber at least 

16 inches in diameter, the cut exceeded growth 

by 69 percent (fig. 10). 

0 500 1,000 

YllllOl BOAR0 FEET 

RMET Annull GROWTH ANNUAL cur 

Figure 10. Net annual growth and cut, in 

1958, of softwoods 12 inches and 

larger in diameter; hardwoods, 16 

inches and up. 

The timber outlook in Arkansas under current trends is mixed. In view of the downward 

trend in hardwood inventory and the continuing emphasis on harvesting large trees, it appears that recent production levels may not be 

maintained in terms of the size and quality 

of timber that have long sustained the traditional hardwood industries. Accelerated improvement in hardwood management and 

greater use of products with less exacting requirements-pulpwood, for example-would 

make the outlook more favorable. On the 

other hand, the upward trend in pine inventory 

plus the rising level of growth provide opportunities for industrial expansion. With further 

pine increases in sight, multi-million dollar 

additions to pulp and sawmill capacity are 

likely. 

Timber Industries 

In 1958 the production of industrial roundwood in Arkansas totaled 274 million cubic 

feet. Output of domestic-use products, chiefly 

fuelwood, was 77 million. 

Lumber is still pre-eminent in industrial 

wood usage, but demand for paper products 

and availability of timber supplies has helped 

boost pulpwood to a new high. These two 

items constitute 90 percent of the industrial 

output. The remainder is largely veneer logs, 

cooperage bolts, poles, piling, and posts. 

LUMBER IS MAINLY PINE 

The lumber industry in Arkansas is as widely 

dispersed as the resource to which it is oriented. Virtually every county has several sawmills. 

Changes in the industry during the postwar 

era have been striking. In 1958 there were 974 

active sawmills in the State as compared to 

1,736 in 1946. The decline has been chiefly in 

mllls cutting less than 5 million board feet 

annually. Over 760 of them were scrapped, 

stored, or moved out of the State. Of the 925 

sawmills producing under 5 million board feet 

in 1958, 794 cut less than a half million. 

Mills sawing more than 5 million board feet 

annually numbered 49 in 1958, 52 in 1946. 

Their share of the industry's total output, however, increased from about 40 to 65 percent. 

These large mills are concentrated in the 

southern part of the State. Pine makes up 

three-fourths of their output, while that from 

smaller mills is chiefly hardwood. 

The total Arkansas sawlog harvest exceeded 

a billion board feet in 1958. Three-fifths was 

softwood-almost all pine. Oak supplied threefourths of the hardwood; sweetgum, blackgum, 

and tupelo most of the remainder. 

About half of the hardwood lumber goes 

into flooring. Of the State's 30 flooring plants, 

17 are operated in conjunction with sawmills. 

Others depend largely upon small sawmills for 

rough lumber. Unlike flooring manufacturers, 

Arkansas furniture makers generally purchase 

their rough lumber. Only 5 of the 59 woodfurniture plants in the State operate their own 

sawmills. 

Arkansas sawmills also chipped 265,000 cords 

of debarked slabs, edgings, and other residues 

in 1958 for sale to pulp mills. Of this, 263,000 

cords were pine, 2,000 were hardwood. 

The South's first commercial facilities for 

converting sawmill waste into pulp chips were 

in Bradley County. From a negligible amount 

in 1952, use of pine chips in Arkansas has 

climbed to about 70 percent of the volume that 

might theoretically be made available at recent 

lumber output levels. Over 50 sawmills are 

now chipping residues. Though use of hardwood residues at sawmills has increased noticeably, chipping of hardwood is still in its infancy. 

PULPWOOD TOPS MILLION CORDS 

Pulp and paper is the fastest-growing segment of Arkansas' forest industry. 

Between 1950 and 1959 production of round 

pulpwood nearly doubled. Only in 1957 did 

output fail to reach new highs. The 1959 harvest-1,192,400 cords-was 14 percent over 

the previous peak of 1958. As with bolts, pulpwood derived from residues hit a new high in 

1959-332,000 cords. 

Southern pines are the keystone of the industry. Currently, they supply about 85 percent 

of the round pulpwood. Hardwood use, however, is trending up (fig. 11). The industry's 
Figure 11. Production of round 

pulpwood in Arkansas. 1946-59. 

preference is for soft-textured hardwoods that 

are also in demand for traditional forest products such as lumber, veneer, and slack cooperage. Sweetgum alone, for example, makes up 

three-fifths of the hardwood used in pulp 

manufacture. Oak and other firm-textured 

species, which comprise three-fourths of the 

hardwood timber in Arkansas, account for a 

fifth of the hardwood that is pulped. 

Construction of two new mills and enlargement of the two already established increased 

total daily pulping capacity in Arkansas from 

635 tons in 1946 to 2,285 tons in 1959. During 

this period, Arkansas' share of mill capacity 

in the seven Midsouth States increased from 

9 to 12 percent. The average mill can now 

manufacture about 570 tons of pulp every day, 

as compared to 320 tons in 1946. Daily capability of individual mills ranges from 150 to 

895 tons. 

Plans have been announced for new mills 

in the vicinity of McGehee and Texarkana. 

These facilities are expected to have a combined capacity of some 800 tons daily. Expansion of existing mills both in Arkansas and 

north Louisiana is also under way. The pulpwood harvest in Arkansas thus promises to 

trend upward for some time. The continued 

growth of the pulp and paper industry provides 

timber owners, especially of pine, with a strong 

incentive for managing their holdings. 

VENEER IS ALL HARDWOOD 

Veneers manufactured in Arkansas are chiefly for the container and plywood industries, 

although some logs go into face veneers. 

Arkansas forests supply about three-fourths 

of the volume of logs consumed by the State's 

veneer industry. Veneer log production in 

1958 totaled 32 million hoard feet (4.5 million 

cubic feet j, of which nearly 9 million were 

shipped out-of-state. These shipments were 

balanced by receipt of over 8 million board 

feet from Mississippi, Louisiana, and Texas. 

The 11 veneer mills in Arkansas thus consumed 

an average of 2.9 million board feet per plant 

(fig. 12). In 1948, the 18 mills active at that 

time used an average of 3.6 million per plant. 

Four of the seven plants that shut down manufactured container veneer. Their closure presumably reflects in part the impact of competitive wroducts. such as uawerboard - cartons. A 

Open-market dealings are the primary means 

by which Arkansas veneer mills obtain logs. 

In 1958, the industry bought some 58 percent 

of its logs at the mill yard, mainly from contract loggers. Stumpage purchases accounted 

for another 23 percent. Though only 4 mills 

secured logs from their own land, the volume 

was 19 percent of the total. 

Four-fifths of the veneer log volume cut in 

Arkansas is soft-textured hardwood. Sweet-, 
ASAWMllLS (LARGE AN0 MEDIUM ONLY) 

Q PULP MILLS 

A VENEER PLlNTS 

COOPERAGE PLANTS 

.WOOD-PRESERYIHG PLANTS (PRESSURE) 

. WOOD-PRESERVING PLANTS (NOH-PRESSURE) 

b HAHOLE. AN0 FURNITURE-STOCK MILLS 

x OTHER PLANTS 

Figure 12. Location of primary wood-using plants in Arkansas, 1958. 

13 
black-, and tupelo gum made up 57 percent of 

the total 1958 veneer output, as compared to 

78 percent in 1948. Other soft hardwoods 

largely compensated for the proportionate drop 

in the above species. 

POLE OUTPUT TRENDS UP 

Southern pine has been the principal source 

of the Nation's poles and piling for many years. 

Arkansas produced about 10 percent of the 

total volume of southern pine harvested for 

these purposes in 1958. The volume was 6.6 

million cubic feet, of which two-thirds came 

from the southern counties. Another 0.2 million 

cubic feet of piling was made from cypress and 

hardwood. Of the pole and piling volume produced in Arkansas during 1958, poles alone 

made up over 80 percent. 

Expansion of Arkansas' wood-preserving industry has paralleled the upward trend of pole 

and piling output shown in figure 13. Between 

1948 and 1958, six new pressure plants were 

established and existing facilities were enlarged. Expressed in size of pressure-treating 

cylinders, plant capacity of the industry increased from 40 to 75 thousand cubic feet during this period. Twelve of the 15 wood-treating plants in the State are of the commercial 

pressure type. The three non-pressure plants 

largely treat pine fence posts. 

OTHER PRODUCTS 

Arkansas is a leading source of hardwood 

cooperage. Output is mainly tight cooperage 

for aging whiskey. Demand for slack cooperage 

has been strongly affected by the trend toward 

other types of packaging for storage and shipment of dry materials. In 1958, output of 

cooperage roundwood in Arkansas totaled 20 

million board feet (2.9 million cubic feet). 

Virtually all was processed within the State. 

Of the cooperage plants active in this year, 19 

were cutting tight cooperage; 3, slack. 

Fuelwood production in Arkansas dropped 

from 1.3 million cords in 1948 to 0.9 million 

cords (73.5 million cubic feet) in 1958. The 

decline is chiefly due to substitution of more 

convenient fuels for cooking and heating in 

rural areas. Increased urbanization and higher 

per capita income are expected to contribute 

to further reduction in domestic fuelwood consumption. 

Various additional items comprised 4 percent of Arkansas' 1958 timber output. Their 

total volume, 15 million cubic feet, was mostly 

in fence posts and chemical wood. 

Figure 13. Pole and piling production in ATkansas, 1948-58. 
Improving Forest Productivity 

Anticipated increases in population and gross 

national product are expected to boost the Nation's future timber demand. In the South, 

timber output will have to be doubled to meet 

the need anticipated a few decades from now. 

Only with fuller development of potentially 

productive forest lands can this need be met. 

Essential to such development is heavy and 

sustained investment in cultural measures. 

As indicated earlier, the improved outlook for 

Arkansas' pine resources is attributable partly 

to the effort already expended on such measures as deadening of undesirable trees in order 

to provide more growing space for thrifty timber. But overall, the forest betterment task 

is still sizable. 

PINE RESTOCKING PROSPECTS CAN BE 

INCREASED 

Of the 20.8 million acres of commercial 

forest land in Arkansas, 16.3 million are in 

the uplands. Over most of the uplands pine 

and hardwood grow naturally in mixture. The 

hardwood in these upland forests is generally 

regarded as a problem because it occupies 

growing space that could be more profitably 

used by pine. Not only do these hardwoods 

grow slowly, but they are short-boled and apt 

to be limby or defective in one way or another. 

In managed stands on the Crossett Experimental Forest in Ashley County, it has been 

found that hardwood on upland sites cannot 

compete with southern pine from the standpoint of dollar returns per unit of growing 

space.' Moreover, droughts that limit tree 

growth occur nearly every summer throughout 

that portion of the shortleaf-loblolly pine-hardiReynolds, R. R. Eighteen years of selection timber management on the Crosnett Experimental Forest. U. S. Dept. Agr. 

Tech. Bul. 1206, 68 pp., illur. 1959. 

wood region that lies west of the Mississippi 

River.' Hardwood removal helps to conserve 

soil moisture and permits the water supply to 

be used by the preferred pines. 

Removal of low-value hardwood, by cutting, 

poisoning, or other means, is now recognized 

as one of the first tasks in stands that are to 

be managed for pine. Of the 16.3 million acres 

of upland forest, 11.7 million are primarily 

pine sites and should be so managed, at least in 

the light of present knowledge. Some 9.9 

million acres in pine sites have a hardwood 

problem in the sense that 20 percent or more 

of each acre is occupied by hardwoods. 

About 3.4 million of the hardwood-encumbered acreage is over 50 percent stocked with 

pine. With removal of competing hardwoods, 

these stands can be expected to produce excellent crops of pine. The bulk of this acreage 

lies in the southwest counties and is fully 

capable of producing 500 or more board feet 

of pine per acre annually. 

Another 2.2 million acres lack adequate pine 

stocking but still have ample seed trees. Here, 

hardwood control must be undertaken just 

before or just after a good seed year. And 

after treatment the area must be given almost 

perfect fire protection for 10 or more years. 

Since most of the hardwood on these sitesis 

over 2 inches in diameter, its reduction will 

largely have to be accomplished by girdling 

or chemical treatment. Either method may 

prove satisfactory for trees 10 inches in d.b.h. 

and larger. Where pine reproduction is present 

or expected, smaller hardwoods must be poisoned if seedlings are not to be crowded out 

by vigorous sprout competition. 

'Moyle. R. C., and zahner. R. Soil moisture ir affected by 

stand conditions. U. S. Forest Serv. South. Forest Expt. Sta. 

Occas. Paper 137. 14 pp.. illus. 1954. 

On the remaining 4.3 million acres there is 

neither adequate pine stocking nor enough seed 

trees. Restoration may be expensive because 

both intensive hardwood control and planting 

or direct seeding of pine will be needed. On 

those acres with some pine stocking, partial 

or reinforcement planting will do the job. An 

additional 300,000 plantable acres, nearly half 

of which are in and around Nevada and Columbia Counties, are free of serious hardwood 

competition. These estimates do not include 

fields that are no longer in cultivation but have 

not yet reverted to forest and on which planting may also be desirable for erosion control, 

watershed protection, or other reasons. 

CULL-TREE CONTROL WIDELY NEEDED 

Arkansas has 9 million acres of commercial 

forest that appear to be primarily suited to 

growing hardwood. The great majority of 

these timberlands are without management, or 

are still in the early stages of transition from 

unmanaged to managed forests. Past treatment has left most hardwood sites burdened 

with a high proportion of stems that are undesirable as future growing stock. 

Some of the undesirable components include 

trees with sufficient merchantable volume to 

warrant removal in commercial improvement 

cuts. Additionally, many stands are loaded 

with outright culls. All told, more than 5 million acres of hardwood sites in Arkansas are 

noticeably hampered with cull trees. That is, 

a sixth or more of each acre is dominated by 

trees unmerchantable now or prospectively for 

veneer, factory lumber, or other high-quality 

products. Removal of this material will make 

openings essential for reproduction and will 

release desirable growing stock already established. 

Much of the sound volume in cull trees 

could, of course, serve for fuelwood or other 

farm-use products if demand were sufficient. 

With increasing markets for wood fiber, some 

of it can be channelled into pulpwood. For 

example, cull-tree volume in soft-textured 

hardwoods generally acceptable for pulping 

totals 3.5 million cords on hardwood sites alone. 

But the total quantity on these sites-about 19 

million cords-is so large that investment in 

deadening is likely to prove the only effective 

way of rapidly reducing this tremendous overburden. 

FUTURE DEPENDS ON NONINDUSTRIAL 

LANDOWNERS 

Review of forestry progress in Arkansas indicates that the greatest advances in management have been made on the holdings of timber-connected industries and public agencies. 

These lands make up only 7 million acres. 

Furthermore, the 3 million acres in public 

ownership for the most part are on the least 

productive forest soils. 

The lion's share of the commercial timberland consists of nearly 14 million acres in farm 

and other private nonindustrial holdings. Currently, volume averages 425 cubic feet per 

acre. It is on these ownerships that opportunities for increasing timber yields through stand 

improvement are the greatest. If the average 

volume on such lands within each of the major 

physiographic regions were raised to that on 

the public and industrial lands, the 14 million 

acres would support an average of 798 cubic 

feet per acre, or about 1.9 times their current 

volume. If increased to this level during the 

next few decades, the private nonindustrial 

holdings might be considered to have achieved 

a reasonable share of their potential productivity. Even so, with the further improvement 

expected during the years ahead on public and 

industry lands, the growing stock on the 14 

million acres would still be less than the State 

average. 

Thus the forestry efforts of the 160,000 

owners of private, nonindustrial timberlands 

will decide whether Arkansas realizes its potential timber economy before the turn of the 

century. The sixties are the decade of decision. 
Appendix 

ACCURACY OF THE SURVEY 

The data on forest acreage and timber volume 

in this report were secured by a systematic sampling 

method involving a forest-nonforest classification 

on aerial photographs and ou-the-ground measurements of trees at sample points. In the Delta, 

Ouachita, and southwest regions, the sample points 

viere taken in pairs at and near the intersections of 

a grid of lines spaced 3 miles apart; in the Ozark 

region the average spacing was 4.2 miles. Tally 

trees were selected with a 3.03 diopter prism. 

Accuracy of the estimates may be affected by two 

types of errors. The first stems from the use of a 

sample to estimate the whole and from variability 

oI the items being . samuled. This tvue . . is termed 

sampling error; it is susceptible to a mathematical 

evaluation of the urobabilitv of error. The second 

type-oftcn refcrred to as reporting or estimating 

error-derives from mistakes in measurement, judgment, arithmetic, or recording, and limitations of 

method or equipment. Its effects cannot be appraised mathematically, but the Forest Survey 

ccnstantly attempts to hold such error to a minimum by proper training and good supervision, and 

by emphasis on careful work^ 

Statistical analysis of the data indicates a sampling error of plus or minus 0.3 percent for the estimate of total forest area, 1.2 percent for total cubic 

volume, and 1.9 percent for total board-foot volume. 

As the acreage and volume totals for the State are 

broken down by forest type, species, county, and 

other subdivisions of the data, the possibility of 

error increases and is greatest for the smallest items. 

The order of this increase is suggested in the following tabulation, which shows the sampling error to 

which the estimates are liable two chances out of 

three. 

~hovsond ~eicent ~iilion Prycent ill ion Percent 

ac7es cu. ft. bd. it 

~ ~ - 

'BY random-sampling formula. 

'Estimated by use of a Droeedure described by D.B. DeLurr in 

values md Inte~rals of tho Orthogonal Polynomials up to n = 26. 

Univ Toronto Press, 33 pp. Toronto, Ont. 1950. 

County data on timber volume have been included in the report. Sampling error on growing 

stock approaches plus or minus 15 percent in counties with 12 million cubic feet of volume. The 

sampling error for most county estimates of cubic 

volunlc will range from plus or minus 6 percent 

to plus or minus 26 percent. Grouping counties 

grcatly strengthens the total volume data and is 

necessary to provide reliable estimates of speciesgroup breakdowns of volume. Groupings of a 

million acres or more of forest land arc recommended. 

Growth estimates were derived from radialgrowth measurements and mortality data taken 

at sample points. No attempt was made to calculate sampling error in these estimates. 

Estimates of annual cut are based on studies 

condocted during the period of forest inventory. 

Thc sampling error to which the total cubic-foot 

estimate of annual cut is liable, on a probability 

of two chances out of three, is plus or minus 3.0 

percent. 

In computing changes in timber volumes since 

1951, data from the earlicr survey were adjusted 

to make them closely comparable to those from 

the latest survey. This was necessary because of 

certain basic differences between the two sets of 

data. In every case, the data from the earlier survey 

were adjusted to conform to thc standards of the 

latest survey before the change was computed. 

DEFINITIONS OF TERMS 

Forest Land Class 

Forest land.-Includes: (a) land which is at least 

10 percent stacked by trees of any size and capable 

of producing timber or other wood products, or of 

exerting an influence on the climate or on the water 

regime; (b) land from which the trees have been 

removed to less than 10 percent stocking and which 

has not been developed for other use; (c) afforested 

areas. 

Commercial forest land.-Forest land which is (a) 

producing, or is physically capable of producing, 

usable crops of wood (usually sawtimber), (b) economically available now or prospectively, and (c) 

not withdrawn from timber utilization. 

Noncommercial forest land.-Forest land (a) 

withdrawn from timber utilization through statute, 

ordinance, or administrative order but which otherwise qualifies as commercial forest land and (b) 
incanable of yielding usable wood products (usually 

sawtimber) because of adverse site conditions, or so 

. 

nhvsicallv inaccessible . as to he unavailable economically in the foreseeable future 

Tree Species 

Commercial species.-Includes species that normally have value for commercial timber prod3cts; 

excludes so-called weed or noncommercial species 

such as blackjack oak, scrub post oak, blue beech, 

scurwood, etc. 

Softwoods.-Loblolly pine (Pinus taeda), shortleaf pine (P. echinata), cypress (Taxodium distichum), and cedar (Juniperous uirginiana). 

Hardwoods-Broadleaved species, of which the 

most numerous are the oaks (guercus spp.) and 

sweetgum (Liquidambar styraciflua). 

Forest Type 

Forest tsne . . is determined uoon the basis of the 

predominant species as indicated by cubic volume 

for sawtimber and noletimher stands. and number 

oi trees for seedling-sapling stands. 

Loblolly-shartleaf pine.-Forests in which 50 

percent or more of the stand is loblolly pine, shortleaf pine, or other southern yellow pines excepting 

longleaf or slash pine, singly or in combination. 

Common associates include oak, hickory, and gum. 

Oak-pine.-Forests in which 50 percent or more 

of the stand is hardwoods, usually upland oaks, but 

in which southern pines make up 25-49 percent 

of the stand. Common associates include gum, 

hickory, and yellow-poplar. 

Cedar.-Forests in which 25 percent or more of 

the stand is cedar. Common associates include oak 

and hickory. 

Oak-hickory.-Forests in which 50 percent or 

more of the stand is upland oaks or hickory, singly 

or in combination, except where pines comprise 

25-49 percent (or cedar at least 25 percent) in 

which case the stand would be classified oak-pine 

(or cedar). Common associates include yellowpoplar, elm, maple, and black walnut. 

Oak-gum-cypress.-Bottom-land forests in which 

50 percent or more of the stand is tupelo, blackgum, 

sweetgum, oaks, or southern cypress, singly or in 

combination, except where pines comprise 25-49 

percent in which case the stand would he classified 

oak-pine. Common associates include cottonwood, 

wi!low, ash, elm, hackberry, and maple. 

Elnl-ash-cottonwood.-Forests in which 50 percent or more of the stand is elm, ash, or cottonwood. singly or in combination. Common associates 

include willow, sycamore, beech, and maple. 

Class of Timbe~ 

Sawtimber trees.-Live trees of commercial 

species at least 9.0 inches d.b.h. in softwoods and 

11.0 inches d.b.h. in hardwoods. that contain at 

least an 8-foot merchantable butt log-or, if the 

butt log is a cull, at least 50 percent of the gross 

sawlog volume is in merchantable logs. To be 

merchantable, a log must meet the following requirements: 

(a) In softwoods, logs having a minimum 6-inch 

small-end diameter inside bark and at least 

one-third sound, with sweep or crook not 

exceeding two-thirds the small-end diameter. 

(b) In hardwoods, logs having a minimum 8-inch 

small-end diameter inside hark and which 

meet the specifications of a standard lumber 

log or a tie and timber log. 

Poletimber trees.-Trees of commercial species 

which meet regional specifications of soundness and 

form, and which are of the following diameters at 

breast height: softwoods 5.0 to 9.0 inches; hard- 

\rroods 5.0 to 11.0 inches. (Such trees will usually 

become sawtimher trees if left to grow.) 

Seedling and sapling trees.-Live trees of comnercial species less than 5.0 inches in diameter at 

breast height and of good form and vigor. 

Cull trees.-Live trees of sawtimher or poletimber size that arc unmerchantable for sawlogs 

now or prospectively because of defect, rot, or 

species. 

Rotten cull trees.-Live trees of sawtimher or 

poletimber size which fail to meet regional specifications of proportion of sound volume to total 

volume. 

Sound cull trees.-Live trees of sawtimber or 

poletimber size which meet regional specifications 

of freedom from rot but will not make at least one 

merchantable sawlog now or prospectively according to regional specifications because of roughness, 

poor form, or species. 

Hardwood limbs.-Limbs of hardwood sawtimber 

trees and sawtimher-size cull hardwood trees to 

a minimum diameter of 4.0 inches inside bark. 

Stand-size Class 

Large sawtimber.-Stands with sawtimber trees 

having a minimum net volume per acre of 1,500 

board feet, International %-inch rule, and at least 

half of this volume in sawtimber trees 15.0 inches 

d.b.h. and larger. 

Small sawtimber.-Stands with sawtimber trees 

having a minimum net volume per acre of 1,500 

board feet, International '/&-inch rule, hut which do 

not meet the specifications for large sawtimber. 

Poletimber.-Stands failing to meet the sawtimbtr stand specification, but at least 10 percent 

stocked with poletimber and larger (5.0 inches 

d.b.h. and larger) trees and with at least half the 

minimum stocking in poletimber trees. 

Seedling and sapling.-Stands not qualifying as 

either sawtimber or poletimber stands, but having 

at least 10 percent stocking of trees of commercial 

species and with at least half the minimum stocking 

in seedling and sapling trees. 
Nonstocked and other areas.-Commercial forest 

land not qualifying as sawtimber, poletimber, or 

s~edling and sapling stands. 

Tree Stocking 

Stocking is the extent to which growing space 

ib effectively utilized by present or potential growing-stock trees of commercial species. Stands are 

considered to be well stocked when the percentage 

of full stocking is 70 or above. medium stocked 

when the percentage is 40 to $9, poorly stocked 

when the Dercentaee - is 10 to 39. and nonstocked 

when the percentage is under 10 

Volume 

Sawtimber volume.-Net volume in board feet, 

International %-inch rule, of live sawtimber trees 

to a specified merchantable top. 

Growing stock.-Net volume in cubic feet of live 

sawtimber and live poletimber trees from stump 

to a minimum 4.0-inch top diameter (of central 

stem) inside bark. 

All-timber volume.-Net volume in cubic feet 

of live and salvable dead sawtimber trees and poletimber trees of commercial species, and cull trees 

of all species from stump to a minimum 4.0-inch 

top inside bark. Includes bole only of softwoods 

but both bole and limbs of hardwoods to a minimum 4.0-inch diameter inside bark. 

Softwood Log G~ades 

Softwood log grades are hased on the value yield 

per unit outturn of yard lumber. The value of 

lumber yield may be expressed relative to the 

value of No. 2 Common lumber taken as 100 

percent. Expressed thus, studies have shown that 

lcmber from grade 1 logs has a value 244 percent 

as great as No. 2 Common lumber, while the corresponding percentagesare 189 percent for grade 2 

logs, 142 percent for grade 3 logs, and 107 percent 

for grade 4 logs. For detailed specifications of log 

grades, see Inte~im log grades for southem pine, 

U. S. Forest Service, Southern Forest Experiment 

Station, 18 pp. 1953. 

Hardwoqd Log Class 

Specifications for standard lumber logs (hardwood log grades 1. 2. and 3) are hased on suitability 

for standard factory lumber. Studies have shown 

that for nearly all species tested, the yield of No. 1 

Common and better lumber in grade 1 logs vanes 

from 65 to 80 percent; in grade 2 logs from 40 to 64 

percent; and in grade 3 logs from 13 to 36 percent. 

For detailed specifications of log grades, see Hardwood log g~ades for standa~d lumber: proposals 

and Tesults, U. S. Forest Products Laboratory 

D1737. 1949. 

Tie and timber logs are suitable for ties, timbers, 

and certain other construction lumber items. Specifications for tie and timber logs are based chiefly 

on knot size and log soundness; clear cuttings are 

not required. 

Stand Quality 

Fair and better-A stand in which at least four 

grade-2 or better logs are present per acre. 

Poor.-A stand in which fewer than four grade-2 

or better logs are present per acre. 

Miscellaneous Definitions 

Farm ownership.-Private commercial forest 

land in farms, hut excluding lands on which farm 

operators do not control timber use. 

Basal area.-Cross-sectional area, including bark, 

of trees at breast height, measured in square feet. 

D. b. h. (Diameter breast high).-Tree diameter 

in inches, outside bark, measured at 4-% feet above 

ground. 

Diameter class.-The 2-inch diameter classes 

extend from 1.0 inch below to 0.9 inch above the 

stated midpoint. Thus, the 12-inch class includes 

trees 11.0 inches to and including 12.9 inches d.b.h. 

Net annual growth of sawtimber.-The change 

during a specified year in net board-foot volume of 

live sawtimher on commercial forest land resulting 

from natural causes. 

Net annual growth of growing stock.-The change 

during a specified year in net cubic-foot volume of 

growing stock on commercial forest land resulting 

from natural causes. 

Annual mortality.-The net volume, excluding 

salvage, removed from live sawtimber and from 

growing stock during a specified year through 

death from natural causes, 

Annual cut of sawtimber.-The net board-foot 

volume of live sawtimber trees cut or killed by 

logging, and by cultural operations, on commercial 

forest land during a specified year. 

Annual cut of growing stock.-The net cubic-foot 

rolume of live sawtimber and poletimber trees cut 

or killed by logging, or by cultural operations, on 

commercial forest land during a spccified year. 

Timber products output.-The volume of timber 

products cut from both growing stock and other 

sources. 
DETAILED TABLES 
~ 

Lard uw 

------ Thousand acres - - - - - - - 

Forest: 

Comnlcrcial 20.7570 6,9597 5,5522 6,9859 2.0412 1,208.0 

Nancommcrcial: 

Productivereserved 59.0 2 381 18.0 1.7 1.0 

Unproductive - ~. -- 

'Includes some acreage classifiable as water according to Survey standards of 

arra classification but defined by the Bureau of Census ar land. 

Thousand 

private: 

Farm 

Forest indurtry 

Other 

Total private 

Public: 

National forest 

Other federal 

State 

county and municipal 

Total public 

All ownershigr 
Independence 

Bard 

Table 7. Land area and commercial forest by cozmty, 1959 

~-1 ~ ~.-- 

County - I All land Commercial forest 

Thousand Thousand 

ac~es awes Percent , 

Arkansas 662.4 276.1 41.7 1 

AshieY 591.2 461.4 71.3 

Baxter 341.8 281.0 82.2 

Benton 567.0 301.1 53.1 

Boone 378.7 252.8 66.8 

Bradley 415 4 358.0 86.2 

Calhoun 401.9 342.2 85.1 

Cirioll 405.8 2533 62.4 

Chicot 414.1 184.3 44.5 

Clark 562.0 448.4 79.8 

Clay 416.0 127.2 30.6 

Clrburnr 380.8 265.0 69.6 

Cleveland 384.6 309.3 80.4 

Columbia 491.5 348.0 70.8 

Conway 356.4 170.1 47.5 

Craighead 458.9 87.1 19.0 

Crawford 382.7 246.3 64.9 

Crittenden 3987 61.8 15.5 

Cross 400.6 120.2 30.0 

Dallas 430.1 382.8 89.0 

Drsha 496.6 274.1 55.2 

Drew 535.0 424.3 79.3 

Faulkner 419.8 180.8 43.1 

Franklin 393.6 244.5 62.1 

Fulton 389.1 254.2 65.3 

Garland 435.6 870.5 85.1 I 

Grant 403.8 353.0 874 1 

Greenr 370.6 112.3 303 1 

~empstead 470.4 a911 61.9 

Hot Spring 397.4 325.0 81.8 

Jackson 

Jefferson 

Johnson 

407.7 129.2 Washington 

569.6 268.2 White 

432.6 326.2 75.4 WoodruH 

Howard 384.0 286.1 390.4 323.5 82.8 

County 

- 

Lafayette 338.4 238.0 Lawrence 378.9 .- -.~-~ 148.5 

70.3 1 39.2 . All counties 

- -- All land I Commercial fareit .~. Thousand Thousand 

acres ,c,es Percent 

L?e 396.8 1610 40.6 

Lincoln 361.6 171.8 47.5 

Little River 348.2 240.6 69.1 

Logan 463.4 292.4 63.1 

Lonake 512.0 152.8 29.8 

Madison 532.5 402.5 75.6 

Marion 375.8 301.2 80.1 

Miiler 401.3 268.3 66.9 

Mississippi 689.4 56.1 9.5 

Monroe 394.9 219.9 55.7 

Montgomery 498.3 428 5 86.0 

Nevada 394.2 301.6 76.5 Newton 526.1 470.7 89.5 

Ouschita 472.3 387.4 820 

Perry 355.2 288.1 81.1 

Phillips 450.5 156.9 34.8 

Pike 386.4 

Poinsett 

329.2 85.2 

487.7 108.2 22.2 

Polk 550.4 462.8 84.1 

Pope 522.2 350.2 67.1 

Prairie 431.4 176.1 40.8 

Pulaski 490.8 297.1 60.5 

Randolph 407.7 224.2 55.0 

St. Francis 407.0 108.2 26.6 

Saline 464.0 389.8 84.0 

Scott 574.8 471.0 

searcy 82.0 

425.0 328.0 

Sebartian 

77.2 

338.6 137.9 

sevier 40.7 

374.4 297.6 79 5 

Sharp 381.4 266.4 69.8 
Table 8. Commercial forest land bu stand sire and forest tune. bu Su~ves . ~esion, . 1959 . -. ~ 

-- ~~ 

Forest type ~ ~ - 

-------Thousand acres - -- - - - ------ Thousand acres - - -- - - 

Softwood types: 

Loblolly-shortloaf piuc 

Oak~oine 

Cedar 

Total 

Ifarri'vood types. 

Oilk~hickory 

Eim~ash~cottonwood 

Oak~gum~cypiesl 

Total 

All types 

-- ~ 

Softwood types: 

Lobloliy-shortleaf pine 

Oak~Dine 

STATE OF ARKANSAS 

SOUTIIWEST 

OZARK 

SOUTH DELTA 

Hardwood types: 

Oak-hickory 982.2 55.8 111.0 537.0 255.6 22.6 305.3 24.0 32.8 160 4 59.3 28.8 

Elm-ash-cottonwood 108.6 27 9 22.5 46.0 12.2 165.6 52.2 55.6 39.1 18.7 

Oak-gum-cypress 1,360.3 - 354.8 197 1 464.1 282.7 61.6 ~ ~ -- - 

1,442.8 540.5 133.5 504.7 207.2 56.9 - 

Total 2,451.1 488.5 306.1 1,0236 564.3 96.6 1.913.7 616.7 166.3 720.7 305.6 104.4 . ~- . ~ ~- --- 

-- ~ - ~- --~~ 

All types 6,959.7 1,5164 1,9210 2,0729 1,2553 194.1 ~. 2,041.2 645.4 210.6 751.0 329.8 104.4 

OUACHITA NORTH DELTA 

Softwood types: 

Loblolly-shortleaf pine 2,159.6 291.0 679.2 872.8 105.3 11.3 14.0 4.7 4.6 4.7 

Oak~pine 315.5 11.8 24.4 192.5 86.8 4.7 4 7 

Cedar 43.0 18.3 24.7 12.4 6.2 6 2 -- .- ~ -. 

Total 2,518.1 302.8 

- 

'203.6 1,083.6 216.8 11.3 31.1 47 15.5 10.9 .. . . .. ~ ~--~ p~ ~~ ~ .. ~ 

~~ 

Hardwood types: 

Oak-hickory 841.0 16.7 11.2 393.2 414.4 5.5 295.1 23.4 9.2 139.4 111.8 11.2 

Elm-ash~cottonwood 27.6 5.3 10.9 11.4 121.2 62.3 21.8 37.1 

Oak-gum-cypress - 

165.5 16.9 - 28.4 85.1 23.8 11.3 .. 760.6 147.1 87.9 364.4 135.5 25.7 -- .- 

Total - 1,034.1 -- 38.9 39.6 489.2 449.6 16.8 1.1769 232.8 87.1 525.6 284.5 36.9 - -- -- -~ . - ~ .. 

All types 8,5522 341.7 943.2 1.572.8 666.4 28.1 1,2080 232.8 ~..~ 101.6 541.1 295.4 36.9 

' ~neludes arear not classified elsewhere. 
- - - - - Th~"'~.lld LLCiDS - - - - - - ----- Thousund acres - - 

STATE OF ARKANSAS OZARK 

Snftwnod tvoes. 

Table 9. Commeveial forest land by degiee of tree stocking and fovest type, by Survey region, 1959 

~ii- Well Medium Nan- All Poorly Non- 

......... 

Loblolly-shortleaf pine 6.4856 5,2675 821.0 332.5 64.6 622.1 453.1 95.1 64.7 9.2 

Oak-pine 1,6971 1,2089 300.3 160.4 29.5 430.7 311.5 82.6 17.6 19.0 

Cedar 595.1 277.1 201.3 116.7 539.7 251.4 177.8 1105 

Forest type I stocking 1 stocked I stocked I %%d 1 stocked 

Hardwoad types: 

Oak-hickory 7.5242 4.8767 1,6096 892.6 145.3 5,100.6 3.4461 1.0135 529.4 111.6 

Elm-ash-cottonwood 458.0 207.1 113.4 99.7 37.8 35.0 9.2 12.2 13.6 

Oak-gum-cypress 3.0970 2.5389 9.46.5 424.8 86.8 267.8 185.0 46.3 36.5 -. - - 

Total 11,979.2 7,6227 2,6695 1,4171 269.9 .- . -- - 

5,4034 3,640.3 1.072 0 565.9 125.2 

All types 20.757.0 14.3742 

.- 

~~ 

3,9921 ~- 2,026.7 364.0 

-. - - -- 

~ 

- 

......... 6,9958 4,6563 1,427.5 758.7 1534 

stockmg stocked 1 rfockrd / stocked 

SOUTHWEST SOUTH DELTA 

Softwood types: 

Loblolly-shortleaf pine 3,596.8 2,8559 457.7 239.0 44.2 93.1 87.7 5.4 

Oak-pine 911.8 664.8 132.6 103.9 10.5 34.4 23.9 5.4 5.1 

Cedar - ... ... -- - 

Total - 4.508.6 3.5207 590.3 342.9 54.7 127.5 111.6 10.8 - - .. ~- - 5.1 . ~- ~~ ~ ~~~ ~ ~ -~ - . ~ 

~ -- 

Hardwood types: 

Oak-hickory 

Elm~ash~cottonwood 

Oak~gum~cypress 

Total 

All types ~p 

OUACHITA 

Soitwood types: 

Loblolly-shortleaf pine 2,159.6 1,8615 258.1 28.8 11.2 

Oak-pine 315.5 206.7 75.0 33.8 

Cedar - 

43.0 19 5 23.5 -.- .-- 

Total 2,5181 2.0877 356.6 62.6 11.2 --- ........... 

Hardwood types: 

Oak-hickory 

Elm-ash-cottonwood 

Oak-gum-cyprera 

Total 

All types 

NORTH DELTA 

14.0 9.3 4.7 

4.7 4.7 

- 

12.4 6.2 6.2 

- 

31.1 15.5 9.4 6.2 

-- ~ ~ ~ ~ 
Table 10. Area of sawtimber stands by stand quality and forest type, by Survey region, 195Y 

I. 

Thousand ac~es ~ho~sund acres 

STATE OF ARKANSAS OZARK 

Softwood types: 

Loblolly~sh~rtleaf prne 3.8238 2,021.3 1,802.5 180.6 57.0 123.6 

Oak~pine 383.8 169.7 214.1 52.1 14.1 38.0 

cedar - ~ ~~~ - ... 

Total 

Hardwood types: 

Oak~hickory 

Elm-ash-cottonwood 

Oak-gum-cypress 

Total 

All typer 

SOUTHWEST 

Softwood typer: 

Loblolly-shortleaf pine 2,4051 1.3873 1,0176 

Oak-pine 285.7 150.5 135.2 

Cedar 

Total 

Hardwood types: 

Oak~hickory 

Elm-ash-cottonwood 

Oak-gurn-cyp'e~s 

Total - 746.6 390.1 356.5 ~. All types 3.4374 1,927.9 1,509.5 

OUACHITA 

S"ftw00d types: 

Loblully-shortleaf pine 1,1702 548.8 621.4 

O'ak~pine 36.2 36.2 

Cedar - Total - 

1,206.4 548.6 657.6 - 

-- - .- 

Hardwood types: 

Oak-hickory 

Elm-arh-cottonwood 

Oak-gum-cypress 

Total 

All 

- 

types 

594.2 203.2 391.0 -- ~ ~-~ 

826.9 274.3 552.6 ~~ 

SOUTH DELTA 

NORTH DELTA 
Table 11. Basal area per acre of gmuling stock and cull trees by forest type and 

Su~vey ~egUln, 1959 

State of l--'-T 1 South North I Arkansas iSouthwe_sf-OoLoblully-shortleaf pine: 

2 and 4-inch good trees' 

Growing stock 

2- and 4~inch poor trees 

Cull trees 

All treer 

Oak-pine: 

2- and 4-mch good treer 

Growing stack 

2- and 4~inch poor trees 

Cull trees 

All treer 

Cedar: 

2 and 4-inch good treer ~ 

Growing stock 

2- and 4-inch poor treer 

cull trees 

All treer 

Oak~liiekory: 

2- and 4-inch good trees ' 

Growing stock 

2- and 4-inch puor trees 

Cull trers 

All trees 

Elm-ash-cottonwood: 

2- and 4-inch good trees' 

Growing stack 

2 and 4-inch poor trees 

Cull trees 

All trees 70.0 59.0 60.8 38.2 75.3 84.0 ~ 

Oak~gum-cypress: 

z and 4-inch good trees ~ 9.3 9.7 11.3 7.9 9.8 7 8 

Growing stock 46.2 46.4 43.0 46.9 49.0 40.7 

2- and 4-mch poor trees 6.2 7.8 2.3 3.4 6.4 4.9 

Cull trees - 

17.6 16.8 13.0 18.8 17.4 20.0 -. 

All tree3 - 79.3 80.7 69.6 77.0 82.6 73.4 

All types: 

2- and 4~inch good trees' 13.8 15.1 18.3 12.2 10.3 8.1 

Growing stock 39.9 47.6 43.8 28.3 47.6 37.6 

2- and 4-inch poor trees 4.9 4.8 4.8 5.0 5.9 4 1 

Cull treer 12.1 9.5 9.0 14.5 15.2 16.8 - 

All trees 70.7 77.0 15.9 60.0 79.0 66.6 .. .. 

'Includes only sound. well~formed treer. 
Table 12. Total volume bv class of timber and soecies, bu Suvueu reoion. 1959 

Softwood: 

Loblnlly pine 

Shortleaf pine 

Other softwoods 

Total 

Hardwood: 

Ked oaks 

White oaks 

Swerrgurn 

Black and tupelo gums 

Other hardwoods 

To131 

All SDccles 

Softwoud: 

Loblolly pine 

Shortleaf pine 

Olher soitwoods 

Total 

Hardwood: 

Red oaks 

White oaks 

Hickory 

Swectgum 

Black and tupelo gums 

Other hardwoods 

Total 

All species ,.-~.~~ 

Softwood: 

Lnblully pine 

Shortleaf pine 

Other softwoods 

Totel 

Hardwood: 

Red oaks 

Whlte oaks 

Hickor" 

swertgum 

Black and tupelo gums 

Other hardwoods 

Total 

All spec,es 

STATE OF ARKANSAS 

24.593 9,766 5.363 9.464 3.528 8.693 

25.952 9.858 4.505 11.589 3.347 7,070 

10.994 3.956 1.843 5,195 1,074 2.426 

13.192 5.417 2.743 5,032 546 2.378 

5.282 2,921 1.113 1,248 382 1.560 

18,706 8,171 3,438 7,097 2,631 9.434 ~ ~- 

98,719 40.089 19,005 39,625 11.508 31,561 

~~-~~ ~ 

~ ~ ~ ----- ~~~~~ ~ ~. ~ ~p 

170,946 93.149 22.948 54.849 11,508 31.995 

SOUTHWEST 

27,808 22.074 1.315 4,419 47 

16.360 12.488 823 3,049 31 

957 815 77 65 81 

45,125 35,377 2.215 7.533 159 ~~ - ~ . ~p~ 

-p- -- 

9,990 3,875 2,407 3,708 1,239 2.963 

8.270 3,306 1,733 3,231 935 1,571 

3,021 1,103 703 1,215 322 673 

7,771 3,007 1,561 3,203 282 1.363 

1,896 966 430 500 122 316 

4,182 1.546 684 1,952 -- ~ 

485 2.542 - 

35,130 13,803 7.518 13.809 3,385 9.488 ~~ ~- -~ ~- - -~p

- 

. 80,255 49.180 9.733 21.342 3,385 9,647 

OUACHITA 

424 318 33 73 

19,635 12,695 1.192 5,749 55 

241 118 23 100 56 

20,301 13,131 1,248 5,922 - ~p 

111 ~ 
Table 12. Total uolu?ne by class of timber and species, by Suvuey legion, 1959 

[Continued I .. 

.~ species - --------Thoilsond cords--------- 

Softwood: 

Loblolly pine 

Shortleaf pine 

Other softwoods 

Total 

Hardwood: 

Red oaks 

White oaks 

Hickory 

sweetgum 

Black and tupelo gums 

Other hardwoods 

Total 

All soecies 

OZARK 
Tablc 13. Total volume by class of timbei and species, by Suivey region, 1959 ~ ~- ~ ~ 

species ..~-~~ . -- 

- - - - - - - - Million cubic feet - - - - - - - - 

STATE OF ARKANSAS 

Softwood: 

Loblally pine 

Shortlraf pine 

Other softwoods 

Total 5,449.6 5,4171 3,979.5 295.7 1,141 9 . ~.~ 32 5 - ~~~~ 

Hardwood: 

Red oaks 2,4655 1,647.7 654.3 359.4 634.0 236.4 582.4 

White oaks 2.4366 1,738.7 660.5 301 8 776.4 224 2 473.7 

Hickory 971.1 736.6 265.1 123.4 348.1 719 162.6 

Sweetsum 1.0799 883.9 362.9 183.8 337.2 36.7 159.3 

Black and tupelo gums 484.0 353.9 195.8 74.5 83.6 25.6 104.5 

Other hardwoods 2.061.7 1.2533 547.4 230.4 475.5 1763 632.1 ~~ .. ~~ ~ ~ ~ .~ - 

Totll 

All species ~ ~ 

Softwood: 

Loblolly pme 

Shortleaf nine 

other softwoods 

Total 

Hardwood: 

Red oaks 

White oaks 

hick or^ 

sweetgum 

Black and tupelo gums 

Other hardwoods 

Total 

All species 

Softwood: 

Loblolly pine 

Shortleaf pine 

Other softwoods 

Total 

Hardwood: 

Red oaks 

Whit*: oaks 

Hickory 

sweetgum 

Black and tupr1o gums 

Other hardwoods 

--- ~ ~ 

9,499.8 6,614.: 2.6860 1,273.3 2,6548 771.1 2.1146 ~~~~~ 

-- ~ ~p~ ~ 

14,949.4 12,0312 6.6655 1,5690 3.796.7 771.1 2.1471 ~-~.. 

SOUTHWEST 

OUACHITA 

Total 916.0 ~~.~~ 619.8 195.2 92.1 332.5 63.2 233.0 -- ~ --~.~ ~~~. ~ 

All species 2,446.9 2.1424 1,1800 185.7 776.7 63.2 241.3 
Table 13. Total volume by class of timber and species, by Swvey region, 1959 

Softwood: 

Lobloily pine 

Shortleaf pine 

Other softwoods 

Total 

Hardwood: 

Red oaks 

White oaks 

Hlckor" 

sweetgum 

Black and tupelo gums 

Other hardwoods 

Total 

All species -~ -

Softwood: 

Loblolly pine 

Shortleaf nine 

Other softwoods 

Total 

Hardrlood: 

Red oaks 

White oaks 

Hick"IY 

sweetgum 

Black and tupelo gums 

Other hardwoods 

Total 

All species 

OZARK 

~ ~ ~ ~ 

150.9 103.3 55 7 19.3 27.8 7.2 40.4 

- 

433.2 211.2 81.1 33.9 96.2 38.4 183.6 ~~ - -- 

- 

2,0130 1,820.9 682.0 290.7 848.2 230.7 761.4 ~ ~ ~~~~ 

~~p3.1546 2,1595 892.2 312.3 955.0 230.7 764.4 ~ -~ -~~ 

SOUTH DELTA 

NORTH DELTA 

Softwood: 

Lobluliy nine 

Shortleaf pine 3.0 3.0 2.2 1 7 

Other softwoods 32.5 30.3 26.0 2.5 1.8 ~ -- - -- - -- 2.2 .- Total 35.5 33.3 28.2 2.6 2.5 2.2 

Hardwood: 

- ~ . p~ 

Red oaks 1702 1001 45.5 22.6 320 21.0 49.1 White oaks 145.1 104.6 45.4 20.5 38.7 15.9 24.6 Hickory 68.6 54.4 21.4 8.0 25.0 5.2 9.0 Sweetgum 47.2 39.0 19.1 7.5 12.4 1.9 6.3 Black and tupelo gums 47.7 36.0 25.2 6.9 3.9 3.2 8.5 Other hardwoods 318.7 201.4 93.0 41.7 66.7 29.4 87.9 -- -- - Total 797.5 535.5 249.6 107.2 178.7 76.6 185.4 -- 

- 

~ - . ~- ~ 

Ail species . . .~ 833.0 568.8 277.8 109.8 181.2 76.6 187.6 

'Sound volume in dead trrrr considered salvable is not included. This volume totals 7 million cubic feet. 
Table 14. G~ozoing stock by species and Survey region, 1959 

Sprcles - 

y~E+IIIqziq;*- - - - - - - - Million cubic fret - - - - - - - 

Suftwood: 

Loblally pine 

Shortleaf nine 

cypress 

Cedar 

Total 

Hardwood: 

Black. scarlet, and 

southern red oaks 

Cherrybark, Shumard. and 

northern red oaks 

water oaks 

White oak (Querous alba) 

Other white oaks 

Pecan 

Other hickories 

sweetgum 

Black and tupelo gums 

Cuttonwood 

Willow 

Soft maples 

Yellaw-poplar 

Sweethay and magnolia 

White elm 

Other elms 

Ash 

IIarkberry 

Beech 

sycamore 

Other hardwoods 

Total 

All species 
Table 15. Distribution of g~~zuing stock by species within each forest type, 1959 

LoblollYspecies 1 -- . 

cedar 

hickory 

----- -- percent - - - - - - - - - - 

Softwood: 

~oblolly pine 

Shortleaf pine 

cypress 

Cedar 

Total 

Hardwood: 

~laek, scarlet, and 

southern red oaks 

Cherrybark, Shumard, and 

northern red oaks 

Water oaks 

White oak (Quercus albr) 

Other white oaks 

Pecan 

other hickories 

Sweetgum 

Black and tupelo gums 

cottonwood 

Willow 

soft maples 

Yellow-poplar 

Sweetbay and maEnalia 

Elm 

Ash 

Hackberry 

Beech 

sycamore 

other hardwoods 

Total 

All species . . 

18.0 33.7 17.5 1.4 0.9 1.1 

25.4 48.9 4.2 17.9 2.5 .2 .2 

1.4 1%) 8 ? 5.8 1.6 6.2 

2 ) 19.9 ?I 4 1%) ~~ .- (I) 

45.0 82.6 24.9 35.4 4.3 6.9 1.6 7.5 - -- --- . ~~ 

'Negligible. 
Table 16. Groainq stock bv species and stand size. bu Slirvev ieoian. 1959 

STATE OF ARKANSAS 

Softwood: 

. " - - 

Lobloily pine 

Shurtlraf pine 

Other softwaodl 

Total 

-- . . h on stocked 

and oth~r areas 

~argc small I Seedling 

Hardwood: 

Red uaks 

f" - - - n - - - - I

~iilion cubic feet - - - - - - - 

stand saw^ 

--- S~c'ies ~ - mzes timber timber 

Whlt" oaks 

Hickory 

sweetgum 

Black and tupelo gums 

Otller hardwoods 

Total 

All 

~- 

species ~~. 

Softwood: 

Lohlvlly pine 

Shortleaf pine 

Other softwoods 

Total 

Hardwood: 

Poletimber 

2,0991 1.3003 2.5803 578.2 56.2 ~ 

~~~ ~-~p 

3,803.4 3.9331 3,513.4 716.5 64.8 

SOUTHWEST 

and 

sapling 

Red oaks 669.3 273.1 170.4 195.0 28.7 2.1 

White oaks 554.1 165.4 192.9 165.9 29.1 8 

Hickory 202.4 72.2 55.2 52.9 17.7 4.4 

Sweetgum 520.7 184.1 164.4 132.3 37.0 2.9 

Black end tupelo gums 127.0 80.9 31.6 28.6 5.4 -5 

Other hardwoods - 

280.2 103.7 63.5 83.9 22 3 R R 

Total 2,3537 859.4 878.0 658.6 140.2 17.5 - ~. ~ ~~ 

~~ ~ ~- 

All species ~ 

5,7381 2,1708 2.311.5 1,003.5 228.0 24.5 

OUACHITA 

softwood: 

Loblolly pine 31.8 14.7 7.5 9.1 5 

Shortleaf pine 1.472.7 271.0 778.2 398.0 25.1 .4 

Other softwoods 18.1 4.8 3 11.7 1.3 -- - .- 

Total 1.522.6 290.5 786.0 418.8 26.9 .4 ~~ ~. ~ 

~~. .. ~~- ~ -- 

Hardwood: 

Red oaks 106.0 18.4 19.0 54.8 12.2 1.6 

White oaks 278.6 31.7 73.5 143.7 27.1 6 

Hlckory 69.2 7.0 10.4 44.1 7.7 

Sweetgum 78.9 8.5 30.6 35.4 3.6 8 

Black and tupelo gums 31.5 5.4 8.3 13.5 3.7 8 

Other hardwoods 57.8 8.7 12.5 31.6 6.5 3 ---- Total - 

619.8 77.7 154.3 323.1 60.8 3.9 - -- . . - 

.. -- - - 

All species 2.1424 368.2 940.3 741.9 . -. 87.7 4.3 
Table 16. Growing stock by species and stand size, by Survey region, 195Y 

i ,Continued ~~~~~~~~~~ I 

- T-~-"i"l stand saw- --~7--ind saw^ 

Species srzes timber tlmber timber Pole- I rPx::" - - - - - - - Million cubic feet - - - - - - - 

OZARK 

Softwood: 

Lobloll,. pi"e .5 5 

Shortleaf pine 311.7 12.1 162.6 126.1 10.9 

Other softwoods 26.4 3.8 .8 16.9 4.2 7 - -- 

Total - 338.6 15.9 163.9 143.0 15.1 .7 -~- .-~-~ 

Hardwood: 

Red oaks 548.3 88.2 76.3 312.9 68.8 2.1 

White oaks 590.3 50.4 60.3 359.1 114.3 6.2 

Hickory 244.3 38.6 18.9 143.3 43.1 4 

Sweetgum 123.5 6.8 44.4 65.2 7.1 

s lack and tupelo gums 103.3 28.6 9.1 51.8 13.8 

Other hardwoods - 211.2 44.3 21.0 89.0 38.9 8.0 ~ 

Total 

All specie5 

Softwood: 

Lnhlollv . nine . Shortled pine 

Other softwoods 

Total 

Hardwood: 

Red oaks 

White oaks 

SOUTH DELTA 

Hickory 166.3 100.5 10.1 45.7 6.1 3.9 

Sweetgum 121.8 56.2 26.1 30.2 8.7 6 

Black and tupelo gums 56.1 32.6 16.6 5.6 1.1 2 

Other hardwoods - 502.9 317.9 32.4 130.8 17.0 4 8 

Total -~ 1.284.2 693.6 157.0 364.2 54 2 15 2 ~ . - - ~~~ 

- ~ ~ 

All specics 1.4224 762.9 199.3 383.2 61.3 15.7 

NORTH DELTA 

Softwood: 

~oblolly pine . . . . . . 

shortleaf pine 3.0 2.8 1 1 

Other softwaodr - 30.3 17.4 4.3 7.3 1.3 

Total - 33.3 17.4 7.1 7.4 -. .- 1.4 -. ~ 

-- -~ - 

Hardwood: 

Red oaks 1001 31.7 23.8 34.9 9.5 2 

White oaks 104.6 22.3 11.1 60.4 8.5 2.3 

Hickory 54.4 14.0 12.6 24.8 2.6 .4 

Sweeten", 39.0 12.4 1x4 9.6 1.6 

Black and tupelo gums 

Other hardwoods 

Total 

All species 

'Includes areas not classified elsewhere. 
Table 17. Average volume pev acre of growing stock by forest type and Survey iegion, 

1959 

Forest type I Sb;tr (/ Southwest / Ouachita 1 ,Oiark iSauth 1 North 

- .. . .~-- Arkansas ~. -. ~:dt?,. uens 

. . Lablolly-shortleaf plne 898 1.037 785 493 981 336 

Oak pine 462 577 331 312 517 298 

Cedar - 

146 165 143 226 - ~ 

Average 763 944 717 325 856 286 p~ 

Hardwood types: 

Oak-hlckary 319 466 278 287 520 293 

Elm-ash-cottonwood 614 468 478 280 749 692 

Oak~gum-cypress 665 718 575 618 714 512 .- ~-~~ -~ - - -- Average - 

445 606 325 304 686 476 - -. All typer .- 580 824 603 309 697 471 

Table 18. Auevaqe volume oe~ acre of qrowinq stock bu stand size and forest tvoe. 1959 

Softwood types: 

Loblolly-shortleaf pine 898 1,421 1.167 489 161 81 

Oak~pine 462 1,288 837 367 167 

Cedar - 146 262 113 . ~- 55 

~ -- - -. . - ". 

- -- 

Hardwood types: 

Oak-hickory 319 773 760 373 129 85 

Elm-ash-cottonwood 614 1.182 587 111 191 

Oak-gum~cl~ress 1,152 981 465 193 6fi5 . - - 173 

Average 445 1,074 883 402 141 130 -- - -- 

All tmer 580 1.228 1.080 416 143 112 

A11 Large 

stand saw^ 

-. ore st type sizes timber 

'Includes areas not classified el~ewhere 

- - - - - - - - Cubiefeet-------- 

Small 

 saw^ 

timber 

Poletimber 

Baxter 

Benton 

Boone 

Bradley 

Seedling 

and 

repling 

Table 19. Growing stock volume by species and county, 1959 

Calhoun 297.9 180.9 171.7 9.2 117.0 36.7 62.9 17.4 

Carroll 100.8 22.5 21.3 1.2 78.3 4 63.2 14.7 

Chicol. 119.5 119.5 29.9 30.8 58.8 

Clark 338.7 216.4 214.8 1.6 122.3 32.4 66.4 23.5 

Clay 61.1 7 7 60.4 6.4 22.8 29.2 

Cleburne 75.0 31.3 30.9 4 43.7 9.4 26.7 7.6 

- 

Cleveland 260.8 135.7 134.8 -- 9 125.1 43.6 62.1 19.4 

Nanstocked 

and other areas 

- 

county .- -.. - - - - - - - - Milson cubic feet - - - - - - - - 

Arkansas 213.6 8.4 8.4 205.2 35.4 83.9 85.9 

Ashley 519.8 369.6 367.7 1.9 150.2 28.7 97.0 24.5 

Softwood 1 Hardwood 

Ail Total 

species 

Other 

hard 

hardwood$ ' Pine Other 

roftwoodr 

Total Soft Oaks 

hardwoods ' 
Table 19. G~awing stock volume by species and county, 1959 

(Continued) 

Softwood Hardwood 

Othr 

Countv species softwoods hardwoods - ------Million cubic feet - - - - - - - - 

Columbia 

Conway 

Craighead 

Crawford 

Crittenden 

crnss 

Drew 

Faulkner 

Franklin 

Fulton 

Garland 

Grant 

Greene 

Hempstead 

Hot spring 

Howard 

Independence 

Izard 

Jackson 

Jefferson 

Johnson 

Lafayette 177.7 109.6 100.2 9.4 88.1 13.5 32.7 21.9 

Laurence 36.0 .3 .3 35.7 2.8 24.5 8.4 

Lee 119.5 8 8 118.7 52.4 23.7 42.6 

Lincoln 111.7 34.0 80.2 8.8 77.7 32.8 30.1 14.8 

Little River 120.6 61.7 61.7 58.9 9.7 34.7 14.5 

Logan 162.8 119.2 116.2 3.0 43.6 5.7 28.8 9.1 

Lonoke 64.6 .4 4 64.2 24.7 31.1 8.4 

Madison 94.6 3.5 2.4 1.1 91.1 12.6 51.7 26.8 

Marion 68.5 2.1 .6 1.5 66.4 1.3 48.0 17.1 

Mlller 110.7 43.1 41.9 1.2 67.6 30.5 23.1 14.0 

Missisrippi 52.4 9.0 9.0 43.4 31.3 4 11.7 

Monroe 194.8 18.1 5.8 12.3 176.7 28.2 66.8 81.7 

Montgomery 306.2 231.6 231.6 74.6 65 57.6 10.5 

Nevada 174.2 83.1 81.6 1.5 91.1 41.3 41.9 7.9 

Newton 170.4 18.7 18.0 .7 151.7 16.3 97.4 38.0 

Ouachita 297.7 136.5 130.8 5.7 161.2 68.6 76.1 16.5 

Perry 215.5 180.9 180.9 34.6 7.8 22.5 4.3 

Phillips 112.6 3.0 3.0 109.6 22.2 33.7 53.7 

Pike 301.1 232.4 232.4 68.7 14.4 41.6 12.7 

Poinrett 56.7 2.9 2.8 53.8 16.9 24.3 10.fi 

Polk 273.2 203.7 203.2 .5 69.5 12.1 46.2 11.2 

Pope 163.8 63.3 63.3 100.5 27.8 55.8 16.9 

Prairie 102.8 4.5 4.5 98.3 24.6 39.1 34.6 

Pulaski 118.7 60.2 47.5 12.7 58.5 20.9 28.5 9.1 

Randolph 54.1 .8 8 53.3 2.0 31.0 20.3 

St. Francis 63.0 630 17.5 27.4 18.1 

Saline 259.4 169.8 169.8 89.6 23.6 41.8 24.2 

Scott 293.0 224.6 224.0 .6 68.4 5.6 52.2 10.6 

Searcy 85.3 6.9 6.9 78.4 4.4 55.8 18.2 

Sebastian 25.5 8.3 1.7 .6 17.2 12.0 5.2 

Sevier 234.5 127.9 127.1 .8 106.6 38.5 38.4 29.7 

Sharp 52.8 4.9 4.2 .7 47.9 2.6 32.7 12.6 

Stone 112.5 19.9 18.6 1.3 92.6 15.2 60.2 17.2 

Union 514.7 290.4 288.3 2.1 224.3 87.3 107.0 30.0 

Van Buren 102.7 26.7 26.0 .7 76.0 10.8 46.5 18.7 

Washington 72.4 2.1 1.8 .3 70.3 3.2 49.8 17.3 

White 163.4 11.8 5.8 6.0 151.6 50.1 16.5 55.0 

Woodruff 84.6 6.2 6.2 78.4 15.2 27.7 35.5 

Yell 246.6 156.4 155.7 -7 90.2 26.2 46.3 17.7 

Total 12,031.2 5.4171 - 5,215.9 201.2 6.6141 1,5058 

~..- 3,386.4 1,6619 

'Includes cottonwood, sweetgum, yellow-poplar, and the like. 

'Includes ash, hickory, sycamore, and the like. 
Table 20. Growing stock volun~e of softwood end ha~dzoood, by diameter g~oup and county, 1959 ~ ~ 

Softwood 

6-12 14 lrlches 

Cnllnly 

- - - - - - - - Million cvhic feet - - - - - - - - 

Arkansas 

Ashley 

Bextrr 

Benton 

Baone 

Bradley 

Calllour, 

Carroll 

ChLCOt 

Clark 

Clay 

Clehurnr 

Cleveland 

Columbia 

Conwav 

Craighrad 

Crarvford 

Crittrnrlrn 

cmss 

Dallas 

Desha 

Drew 

Foulknrr 

Franklin 

Fultun 

Garland 

Grant 

Greene 

Hrnlpstrad 

Hot spring 

Howaid 

Independence 

hard 

Jackson 

Jefferson 

Johnson 

Lafnyetle 

Lawrence 

Lee 
Table 20. Growing stock volume of softwood and hardwood, by diamrte? g~oup and county, 1959 

(Continued) -- -- .~ .~ Softwood Hardwiad 

county ~ ~~ ~ 

- - - - - - - - Million clihic feet - - - - - - - - 

Lincoln 

Little River 

Loel" 

Madison 

Marion 

Miller 

Mississippi 

Monroe 

Montgomery 

Perry 

Plllillps 

Pike 

poinrett 

Polk 

PoPe 

prairie 

Pulaski 

Randolph 

St. Francis 

Saline 

Scott 

searcy 

Sebastian 

sevier 

Sharp 

stone 

Unlan 

van Buren 

Washington 

White 

woodruff 
Table 21. Sawtimber volume by species and county, 1959 ~. ~ 

Hardwood 

Other 

county hardwoods ' hardwoods ' .- - - - - - - - - Million bawd feet - - - - - - - - 

Arkansas 

Ashlev 

BaXter 

Benton 

Boone 

Bradley 

Calhaun 

Carroll 

Chicot 

Clark 

Clay 

Clcburne 

Cleveland 

Columbia 

conwiiv 

Dallas 

Deshe 

Drew 

Fallikner 

Franklin 

Futon 

Garland 

Grant 

Green" 

Hempstead 

1iot spring 

Howard 

1ndepe"dencr 

Izard 

Jackson 

Jefferson 

Johnson 

Lvflyrtte 

Lawr~nce 

Lee 

Libcoln 

Little River .- 
Table 21. Sawtimber volume by species and county, 1959 

~ - (Continued) 

Softwood- Hardwood 

Other 

County 1 SPeC!E hardwoods' hardwopdj] -- .~~ 

- - - - - - - - MllLxon bowd feet - - - - - - - - 

Logan 557.5 467.2 465.4 1.8 903 5.9 70.5 13.9 

Lonoke 179.6 1.7 1.7 177.9 64.8 97.5 15.6 

Madison 

Marion 

Miller 

Mississippi 

Monroe 

Montgomery 

Nevada 

Newtan 

Ouachita 

Perry 

Phillips 

Pike 

Prairie 

Pulaski 

Randolph 

St. Francis 

Saline 

Scott 

Searcy 

Sebastian 

seviv 

Sharp 

stone 

Union 1.8433 1.200.2 1,191.9 8.3 643.1 265.2 307.1 70.8 

Van Buren 232.2 101.7 99.0 2.7 130.5 32.1 86.9 11.5 

Washington 122.5 3.1 3.1 119.4 3.0 88.3 28.1 

White 508.9 38.4 17.0 21.4 470.5 151.3 135.2 184.0 

Woadruff 289.3 32.5 32.5 256.8 58.4 82.9 115.5 

Yell 758.9 532.0 530.2 - 1.8 226.9 78.1 129.7 19.1 -~ - 

Total 41.177.8 24,283.6 23,320.2 963.4 16,894.2 4,3954 8.3603 4.1385 

'Includes cottonwood, sweetgum, yellow-poplar, and the like. 

-Includes ash, hickory, sycamore, and the like. 
Table 22. Sawtimber volume of softwood and hardwood, by diameter group and county, 1959 --- . - - ..~ .. 

. Hardwood 

county 

- - - - - - - - iMillion board feet - - - - - - - - 

Arkansas 728.1 43.3 7.0 36.3 684.8 144 8 540.0 

Ashley 2,3644 2,005.1 785.0 1,2201 359.3 1477 211.6 

Carroll 

Chicot 

Clark 

conway 

Crol~hcad 

Crawford 

Crlttendrn 

cross 

Garland 

Grallt 

crcrne 

Hempstllad 

Hut Sprrng 

Howard 

Independence 

liar* 

Jackson 

Jefferson 

Johnson 

Lafavettc 

Lawrence 

Lee 
Table 22. Sawtimber volume of softwood and hardwood, by diamete~ group and county, 1959 

county 

Lincoln 

Little River 

Logan 

Lonuke 

Madison 

Marion 

Millcr 

Mississippi 

Monroe 

nrantgomery 

Nevada 

Newton 

Perry 

Phillips 

Pike 

Poinsett 

Polk 

Pope 

Prairie 

Pulaski 

Randolph 

St. Francis 

Saline 

Scott 

searcy 

Srbastian 

sevier 

Sharp 

stone 

union 

van Buren 

Washineton 

White 

Woodruff 

Yell 

Total . 

(Continued) .- -- - -- - ~...~~. Haidwoad 

All 12-14 

Inches 

16 inches 

andllp -- - - Million boaid feet -- --- - - 
Iiickory 457.6 90.8 223.6 115.1 28.1 

Sweetgum 1.2373 315.9 706.8 183.2 31.4 

Black and tupelo gums 397.7 50.3 184.5 115.1 47.8 

Other hardwoods 631.2 184.8 293.6 130.5 22.3 -- 

Table 23. Sawtimber volume by species and tree diameter, by Survey iegion, 1959 

Total 5,773.1 1,3682 2,961.3 1,1335 3101 

-. species - I d&i~y inches 10-12 ' 

-- p-~ 

3,5576 . ~ 

All species - -- 22.1327 6.9541 10,9738 . -- 647.2 - 

Softwood: 

Loblolly pine 

Shortleaf pine 

Other softwoods 

------ Million board fret - - - - - - 

STATE OF ARKANSAS 

Softwood: 

Loblolly pine 10.6860 2,870.0 5,4411 2,108.6 266.3 

Shurtieaf pine 12.6342 6,418 1 5.502.6 689.7 23.8 

Other softwoods 963.4 153.9 295.1 250.7 263.7 - Total 24.2836 9,4420 11,2388 3,049.0 553.8 - ~. --- -~ ~. . . ~. ~ 

--- - ~ 

Hardwood: 

Red oaks 4,201.8 963.0 2.064.6 873.6 300.7 

Whitc oaks 4.1584 1.0275 2.2400 642.3 248.6 

Hickory 1,6544 396.1 735.3 350.6 172.4 

Sweetgum 2,232.6 578.6 1.1874 325.7 140.9 

Black and tupelo gums 1,203.7 1740 627.8 322.3 79.6 

Other hardwoods 3,4432 650.9 1.716.8 786.2 289.3 

Total 16,8942 3,7901 8,571.9 3,300.7 1,231.5 -- - p~ 

~-~~ ~~~ 

~ ~ 

All species 41177:B 13,2321 19,810.7 - - 6,349.1---p- 1,785.3 

SOUTHWEST 

Softwood: 

Loblolly pine 10.3448 2,760.4 5,2849 2.042.0 257.5 

Shortleaf pine 5.6262 2.750.8 2,5996 267.1 8.7 

Other saftwoads p~ 388.6 74.7 128.0 115.0 70.9 ~ -. 

Total 16,3596 5,585.9 8.012.5 2,4241 337.1 - ~ ~- ~ ~- . ... ~~~.. . ~.. .Hardwood: 

Red oaks 1,658.3 404.6 823.5 345.2 85.0 

White oaks 1,3910 321.8 729.3 244.4 95.5 

14-18 

inches 

Total 

Hardwood: 

Red oaks 

White oaks 

Hickory 

Swceteum 

OUACHITA 

20-24 

inches 

- Black and tupelo gums 83.4 17.2 45.0 21.2 

Other hardwoods 114.6 49.8 43.1 21.1 

Total 1,214.0 322.8 695.4 173.0 22.8 -- -- ~ .. - 

. 

Ail species - 7,065.6 3,265.2 3,141.5 609.2 49.7 

26 inches 

and up 
Table 23. Sowtimber volume by species and tree diarnetev, by Survey vegion, 1959 

(Continued) -. All / diameter // ,lo-12 1 14-18 1 ?0-24 1 26 inches 

Species classes mches ' inches inches a.?dLP- 

------ Million bawd feet - - - - - - 

Loblolly pine 

Shortleaf pine 

Other softwoods 

Total 

Hardwood: 

Red oaks 

White oaks 

Hickory 

Sweetgum 

Black and tupelo gums 

Other hardwoods 

Total 

AU species -- - 

Softwood: 

Loblally pine 

Shortled pine 

Other softwoods 

Total 

OZARK 

SOUTH DELTA 

Hardwood: 

Red oaks 652.5 113.2 285.6 110.1 143.6 

White oaks 636.3 82.8 293.3 155.2 107.0 

Hickory 585.4 92.5 192.8 169.2 130.9 

Sweetgum 360.1 79.2 129.0 66.8 85.1 

s lack and tupelo gums 221.6 34.8 90.2 80.2 16.6 

Other hardwoods 1,5648 228.0 765.7 392.2 198.9 

Total 

All species 

NORTH DELTA 

Softwood: 

~oblolly pine 

Shortleaf pine 13.1 3.9 9.2 

Other softwoods - 167.2 15.2 76.7 54.9 20.4 -- 

Total 180.3 19.1 85.9 54.9 20.4 , . ~ - 

-- ~ ~ ~~~~ 

Hardwood: 

Red oaks 292.3 61.6 125.2 70.9 34.6 

White oaks 276.0 73.1 137.6 45.9 19.4 

Hickory 123.1 40.2 53.7 27.2 2.0 

Sweetgum 113.6 43.6 59.0 11.0 

Black and tupelo gums 166.1 10.3 104.6 48.3 2.9 

Other hardwoods -~ 

623.0 79.0 357.9 -- -- 146.8 39.3 . .- ~- 

Total -- 

- 

1,5941 307.6 838.0 350.1 98.2 ~~ ~ 

~~ .. ~ 

All species 1,774.4 326.9 923.8 405.0 118 6 .- 

Hardwood sawtimber volume war not tallied in trees under 11.0 inches d.b.h. 
Table 24. Saurtimbe~ volume bv -. soecies and stand size. . bu . Su~vev - reoian. ". 1959 

911 

stand 

species 

-------Millionboaidfeet------- 

Softwood: 

Loblolly pine 

Shortleaf pine 

Other softwoods 

Total 

Hardwood: 

Red oaks 

White oaks 

STATE OF ARKANSAS 

Ilickory 1,654.4 374.3 209 5 407.5 135.4 27.7 

Sweetgum 2,232.6 901.5 737.4 455.1 131.2 7.4 

Black and tupelo gums 1,203.7 630.1 212.6 293.8 63.0 4.2 

Other hardwoods 3.4432 2.055.0 363.7 757.4 207.6 -. 59.5 

Total ~- 16,8942 7,506.1 3.352.1 4.4983 1,363.9 168.8 

a1,177a -~ -- ~ ~--p~ 

All species 17,273.1 15,054.7 6,809.5 1.8348 205.7 -. 

SOUTHWEST 

Softwood' 

Loblolly pine 

Shortleaf pine 

Other softwoods . .- -~ ~ 

Total 16,359.6 7,617.1 7,621.9 808.8 276.3 . ~ ~ ~ 

349 -. ~. ~ -~ 

. -- ~~ 

Hardwood: 

Red oaks 1.6533 662.9 378.2 344.0 65.7 7 5 

White oaks 

Hickory 

swrrteum . 

Black and tupelo gums 397.7 239.7 79.3 67.1 9.3 2.3 

Other hardwoods 631.2 235.0 129.7 153.7 . -- -. - 45.5 ~p 

17.3 

Total 5.7731 2.755.0 1,5555 1,1015 313.8 ~ 

47.3 ~~ -- . ~ -- - . All species 22,132.7 10.372.7 8,1774 1,8103 590.1 .... ~. 62.2 

OUACHITA 

Soitwood: 

Loblolly pine 

Shartleai pine 

Other softwoods 

Total 

Hardwood: 

Red oaks 

White oaks 

Hickory 

sweetgum 

Black and tupelo gums 

Other hardwoods 

Total 

All species --- . -. . . - . .- 
Table 24. Sawtimber volume by species and stand size, by Survey region, 1959 

(Continued) . . .. 

species -- 

1~ g.1 I-;[ 2; 1 Yz:'! 

------Millionbooidfeet------- 

Sofhvoad: 

Loblolly pine 

Shortleaf pine 

Other softwoods 

Total 

OZARK 

Hardwood: 

Red oaks 1,380.3 337.0 272.8 566.7 199 9 3.9 

Whlte oaks 1,287.2 249.1 161.8 548.1 303.0 25.2 

Hickory 421.7 143.7 37.6 171.6 68.8 

Sweetgum 356.6 29.6 161.7 146.4 18.9 

~laek and tupelo gums 334.9 96.0 26.0 177.8 35.1 

Other hardwoods -- 489.6 166.2 53.0 167.2 72.0 31.2 

Total - 4.270.3 --- 1.021.6 712.9 1,7778 697.7 60.3 . . ~ ~ 

- 

Ail species 5,508.0 1,1108 1.4774 2.1164 743.1 60.3 

soitwaod: 

Lobloily pine 

Shortleaf pine 

Other softwauds 

Total 

Hardwood: 

Red oaks 

White oaks 

Hickory 

sweetgum 

s lack and tupelo gums 

Other hardwoods 

Total 

All species -. 

Softwood: 

Loblolly pine 

Shortleaf pine 

Other s oft woods 

Total 

Hardwood: 

Red oaks 

White oaks 

Hickory 

sweetgum 

Black and tupeio gums 

Other hardwoads 

SOUTH DELTA 

196.4 108.8 59.3 26.7 1.6 

161.0 21.0 113.9 17.8 8.3 

297.0 257.6 6.5 5 4 27.5 

654.4 387.4 179.7 49.9 37.4 .~. ~-. ~. ~... . . . ~. ~ . ~~ 

Total 1,594.1 810.0 263.4 411.7 ~.. 97.2 10.9 .- p~~ . .. . . - 

All sneri-s 1774.4 912.3 297.9 449.4 103.9 10.9 

'Includes areas not classified elsewhere 
Table 25. Sawtimber volume by species and Survey ~egian, 1959 -- - - ~ -- 

S~rcies s-tr Fthwcrt 1 Ouarhita 1 OruijFi 

-- Arkansas , Delta Delta 

- - - - - - - Million baoid feet - - - - - - - 

Softwood: 

Lol,Lolly pine 

Shortleaf pine 

CYV'~SS 

Ceder 

Total 

Hardwood: 

Black, scarlet, and 

southern red oaks 

Cherrybark, Shurnsrd. and 

r,orthern red oaks 

water oaks 

White oak (Quercus rlbr) 

Othrr white oak; 

Pecan 

Other hickories 

sweetgum 

Black and tupelo gums 

Cottanwood 

wll1ow 

Soft maples 

Yellow~poplar 

Sweetbay and magnolia 

White elm 

Other elms 

As11 

Hackberry 

Beech 

sveamore 

Other hardwoods 

Total 

-- 

All species 

Table 26. Aveiage samtimber volme per acre by forest type and Survey vegiun, 1959 

Forest type 

- - - - - - - - Booidf~ct-------- 

Softwood types: 

Loblolly~shortlcaf pine 3,677 4,559 2,786 1,698 3.854 1.200 

Oak~pine 1,327 1,706 901 841 1,299 979 

Cedar 291 . . 416 276 - 508 

Average 2,993 3.982 2.509 984 3,165 891 -- Hardwood types: 

Oak-hickory 710 994 552 652 1.181 725 

Elm-ash~cottanwood 2,129 1,564 1,236 1.226 2.435 2,682 

Oak&'um-eypres - 2,149 2,229 1501 ~. 2,128 . 2.446 1,588 

Average - 1,244 1,705 722 729 2.244 1.484 

.- 

All 

-~ 

types ~- 1,984 3.180 1,989 787 2,301 1.469 

South 

Delta 

state 

Arkansas -- North 

Delta 
Table 27. Averaoe sawtimber volume ner acre bv stand size and forest tune, 1959 

Forest type 

~ 

- - - - - - - - Boardfeel-------- 

Softwoad types: 

Loblolly-shortleaf pine 3,677 7,404 4,762 1,052 414 ZZ5 

Oak-nine 1.327 5.128 2.611 733 433 

Cedar 291 478 241 -- - - ... -- -- - . -. 

Average - 2,993 7,127 4,588 831 368 164 

Hardwnod --~~ ~~ tvoes . . Oak-hickory 710 

Elm-ash-cottonwood 2,129 

Oak-gum-cypress 2,149 

-- 

Average 1,244 

- .. 

All types 1,964 ~ 

'Includes areas not clasrifted elsewhere. 

Table 

- 

28. Softwood sowtimber volume by log grade and stand quality, by species group, and by Survey vegion, 1959 .. - ~ - Specler proup Grade 3 Grade 4 

and 

Survey region ------------- Million boa.id feet - - - - - - - - - - - - 

species group: 

Lablolly pine 

Shortleaf pine 

Other roftwaods 

Total 

Survey region: 

Southwest 16,3596 

Ouachita 5,8516 

Ozark 1.2377 

South Delta 654.4 

North Delta - 180.3 

- 

Total 24,2836 ~- - - 

'All cedar sawlogs were graded as No. 1. 

Table 29. Hardwood sawtimbe~ volume by log class and stand quality, by species group, and by Survey region, 1959 -- 1 Tie and timber logs 

species group I I 

and I" fair and In poor survey region ,. Total / britt-rtmris I strnis 

------------- Millionboardfset--------- 

species group: 

Red oaks 4,201.9 242.4 664.3 2,157.8 578.5 1,5783 1,1374 322.2 815.2 

White oaks 4,1584 2071 747.3 2,6825 650.5 2.0320 521.5 163.1 358.4 

Hickory 1,654.4 168.9 258.9 852 4 303.8 548 6 374.2 156.0 216.2 

Sweetgum 2,232.6 136.3 369.0 1,2007 460.2 740.5 526.6 215.9 310.7 

 lack and tupelo gums 1,203.7 155.2 332.7 635.8 287.4 338.4 60.0 41.4 38.6 

Other hardwoods 3,443.2 201.9 707.4 1.9440 883.4 1,0606 588.9 236.2 353.7 

Total 16.894.2 1,1118 3,079.6 9,4732 3.1748 6,2964 3,2286 1,1366 2.0928 

Survey region: 

Southwast 

Ouachitn 

o'lark 

South Delta 

North Delta 

Total 
Table 30. Annual cut of . qrovinq . stock and sawtimbe~ by species group 

and county,' 1958 . .. .- Growing stock 1 Sawtimber 

All, Al, 

- county / - nsonwoo,i jHa1dwooa / sYecles ~lsoftWoodl~~dw~od --- - 

-Million cubic feet - -Million boaid feet - 

Arkansas 2.9 1.2 1.7 11.5 4.5 7.0 

Ashley 16.9 9.8 7.1 63.3 40.6 22.7 

Baxter 6.8 6.8 21.9 21.9 

Benton and Carroll 3.0 2.4 .6 12.4 10.1 2.3 

Emone and Marion 3 3 1.0 1.0 

Bradley 16.5 12.2 4.3 62.9 44.3 18.6 

Clark 

Clay 

Cleburne 

Cleveland 

Columbia 

nittenden 

Cross 

Garland 

Grant 

Greene 

Zempstead 

Hot spring 

Howard 

Indrpendence 

Ilard 

Jackson 

Jefferson 

Johnson 

Lafayette 

Lawrence 

Lee 

Lincoln 

-- 
Table 30. Annual cut of growing stack and sawtimber by species gvbup 

and county,' 1958 

(Continued) - .. - -. Sawt~mber 

County ~, ~, l%klies ~~~~~~~H~rG~K~o&&k~es 1 Soft!yood ~Eardwood 

-Million cubic feet - - Million board feet - 

Little River 4.3 1.0 3.3 15.8 2.8 13.0 

Lagan 3.4 1.4 2.0 11.0 5.3 5.7 

Lanoke 4.5 4.5 17.3 17.3 

Madison 

and Washington 3 .3 1.1 1.1 

Miller 3.2 1.8 1.4 7.7 2.2 5.5 

Mississippi 

and Polnsett 2.7 1.5 1.2 10.3 6.9 3.4 

Monroe 10.7 7 10.0 39.8 2.8 37.0 

Montgomery 7.9 4.4 3.5 22.0 9.7 12.3 

Nevada 2.9 1.6 1.3 10.6 5.4 5.2 

Ncwton and Searcy 8.1 8.1 31.5 31.5 

Ouachita 7.0 4.2 2.8 25.5 15.8 9.7 

Perry 4.0 2.4 1.6 9.4 4.2 5.2 

Phillips 2.4 2.4 9.0 90 

Pike 8.9 5.7 3.2 34.3 22.5 11.8 

Polk 5.9 3.2 2.7 23.7 15.1 8.6 

Pope 3.4 2.6 .8 6.6 4.0 2.6 

Prairie 2.4 2.4 8.7 8.7 

Pulaski 2.9 2.7 .2 11.9 11.4 .5 

Randolph 10 1.0 2.5 2.5 

St. Francis .8 .8 2.2 2.2 

Saline 10.6 6.7 1.9 46.1 39.6 6.5 

Scott 8.8 5.9 2.7 37.7 28.9 8.8 

Sebastian .9 9 2.7 2.7 

Sevicr 8.4 5.7 2.7 29.1 20.6 8.5 

Sharp 1.3 1.3 3.6 3.6 

Stone 4.7 1.9 2.8 26.5 15.2 11.3 

Union 36.7 24.1 12.6 132.2 85.7 46.5 

Van Buren .7 .4 3 4.1 3.0 1.1 

White 3.9 .4 3.5 11.0 .4 10.6 

Woudruif 2.3 2.3 6.4 6.4 

Yell -- 10.8 7.2 3.4 48.2 36.1 12.1 

All counties 377.8 193.2 184.6 1.3880 

-. -- 

749.5 

- 

638.5 

use of county data, grou~ings of at least 50 million cubic feet ue recommended. 
STATE OF ARKANSAS 

Sawtimber trees 281.6 144.4 137.2 1.3880 749.5 638.5 

Poletimber trees - 96.2 48.8 47.4 - 

Total . ~. 377.8 193.2 184.6 1.388.0 749.5 638.5 

SOUTHWEST 

Sawtimber trees 158.8 97.4 61.4 779.7 498.2 281.5 

Poletimber trees - 55.2 35.9 19.3 -- -. 

Table 31. Annual cut of sawtimber and gmwing stock by species group and class 

of timber, by Survey region, 1958 

Total ~ . - . . 214.0 133.3 80.7 779.7 498.2 281.5 .- . - - 

OUACHITA 

Sewtimber trees 46.5 31.0 15.5 238.5 165.9 72.6 

Class of timber -. 

Poletimber trees - 14.3 8.5 5.8 - 

Total 60.8 39.5 21.3 238.5 165.9 72.6 

OZARK 

Sawtimber trees 36.9 11.0 25.9 180.3 59.4 120.9 

~oletimbcr trees - 11.5 2.7 .. - 8.8 - . . . 

Total 48.4 13.7 34.7 180.3 59.4 120.9 

-Million cubic feet - - Million board feet - 

Crowing stock 1 Sawtimber 

SOUTH DELTA 

Sawtimber trees 26.1 3.8 22.3 125.9 19.1 106.8 

Poletimber trees 7.6 pp 1.4 6.2 -- - 

Total 33.7 5.2 28.5 125.9 ~ . - 19.1 106.8 

All 

species Soitwood 

NORTH DELTA 

Sawtimber lrees 13.3 1.2 12.1 63.6 6.9 56.7 

Poletimber trees - 7.6 .3 7.3 . . . 

Total 20.9 1.5 19.4 63.6 6.9 56.7 .~. .~.. 

Hardwood 

Table 32. Annual cut of sawtimber and growing stock by 

species, 1958 

Species 1 Grping stock I Sawtimber 

&fillion Million 

cubic feet board feet 

Ail 

species 

Softwood: 

Pines 188.2 728.6 

Other softwoods - 5.0 20.9 -. 

Total - 193.2 - 749.5 . 

Hardwood: 

Red oaks 81.0 298.6 

White oaks 58.0 192.1 

Hickory 7.9 25.6 

Other hard hardwoods 12.0 39.4 

Black and tupeio gums 4.5 16.7 

Sweetgum 19.0 59.4 

Other soft hardwoods - 2.2 6.7 

Softwood 

Total 

All species 

Hare 
Tsble 33. Net annual g~owth of sawtimber and growing stack by species group and 

class of timber, by Survey ~egion, 1958 

Sawtimber 

All class of timber s~eeie~L~~~o~~~?~~~rrl& 

-Million cubic feet - - Million board feet - 

STATE OF ARKANSAS 

Sawtimber trees 470.3 288.5 181.8 2,399.7 1,6356 764.1 

Poletimber trees - 166.9 516 115.3 

Total -- - . -- 637.2 340.1 297.1 2,399.7 1,615.6 764.1 - 

SOUTHWEST 

Sawtimber trees 264.8 192.4 72.4 1,4227 1,1334 289.3 

Poletiinbrr trees - 74.8 32.1 4'2.7 - -- 

Total 339.6 224.5 115.1 1,422.7 1,1334 289.3 -- 

OUACHITA 

Sawtimber trees 78.1 67.7 10.4 400.0 358.4 41.6 

Poletimber trees - 29.5 13.2 16.3 - - Ti,t,l ln76 R09 257 400.0 358.4 41.6 

OZARK 

Sawtimber trees 58.3 19.8 38.5 263.5 98.5 165.0 

Poletimber trees - 36.1 4.5 31.6 

Total 94.4 24.3 70.1 263.5 98.5 165.0 

SOUTH DELTA 

Sawtimber trees 46.9 7.1 39.8 210.0 35.6 174.4 

Poletimber trces - 18.7 1.7 170 -. . - -- -- - 

-~ 

Total 65.6 8.8 56.8 210.0 35.6 174.4 ~ ~ ~. 

NORTH DELTA 

Sawtimber trees 22.2 1.5 20.7 103.5 9.7 93.8 

Poletimber trees - 7.8 .I 7.7 - . . . 

Total 30.0 1.6 28.4 103.5 9.7 93.8 -. 

Table 34. Net annual orowth pe7 acre of sowtimber and gl.owing stock, 

by forest-type g~oup and Su~vey region, 1958 

-- Cubic feet - - --Board feet - - 

Southwest 

Ouachita 

Orark 

South Delia 

North Delta 

Average 
STATE OF ARKANSAS OZARK 

Table 35. Number of growing stock tiees by species g~oq and Survey region 119591 and change since 1951 

2-4 1,702,358 + 35 6,067,171 + 24 253.556 + 54 2,068.282 + 22 

6-8 441,184 + 29 785,147 + 28 51.875 + 12 282,648 + 58 

10-12 150,335 + 27 255,408 + 5 15.186 + 50 87.562 + 31 

14-18 54.493 + 28 100.646 - 14 2.962 + 52 28,969 - 4 

20 and up 6.496 + 71 18,563 - 5 70 + 21 3.923 - 11 ..~. 

Total 2,354,868 + 33 7,226,935 + 23 323,649 + 45 2.471.384 + 25 - . . .- 

Dlametcr soft woo&^ 

class ~housand I percehi 

(inches) trees change trees trees change 

- 

Total 

14-18 

20 nnd up 

Total 

- 

Hardwood 

~housand ~ercrnt 

SOUTHWEST 

+ 51 2,114,221 

f 26 237,387 

+ 17 83,880 

f 30 33,640 

1 78 5.768 

trees 

OUACHITA 

515.328 + 8 1,065,305 - 7 

175.601 i 36 119,413 + 29 

51.982 +43 26.830 - 10 

13.512 + 29 9.371 - 27 

1.007 - .~ - 

i- 36 1,100 - 34 

757.430 + 16 1,222,019 - -. . . . . - 4 

c?=pc 

SOUTH DELTA 

34.730 + 84 557.192 + 49 

8.835 + 86 94.041 t 14 

2,814 + 37 36,789 + 7 1.191 + 12 18.492 - 5 

NORTH DELTA 

7.889 + 40 262,165 - 19 

2.072 -3 33 51.678 - 24 
STANDARD TABLES 

Tables identical in format to those that follow will be found in all State reports issued by the Forest Survey. Their purpose is to facilitate 

compilation of data for various States and regions. 

Table I. Land area, by major classas of land, A~kansas, 1959 - Class of land-.' 7- Area - IThousand ocies 

Forest: 

Commercial 20.7570 

Nan-commercial: 

Productive-reserved 59.0 

Unproductive - Totai forest 20.8160 

Nonforest ' 12.8006 

-- 

All land .- -. 33.6166 -- 'Includes some acreage of water according to Survey standards of 

area classification but defined by the Bureau of Census as land. 

Table 11. Commercial forest lond wea, by ownevship closs, 

Arkansas, 1959 

- 

ownership class - 1: -elp -- ~housand aems 

Fed~rally owned or managed: 

Nntianal forcst 

Indian 

Bureau of Land Management 

Other 

Total 

state 

county and municipal 10.7 

Priuate: 

Farm 

Industrial and other 

Table 111. Area of commercial forest lond, by major forest 

tgpes, Alkansas. 1959 -. - . . Forest type I Ares 

Thousand acres 

Loblolly-shortleaf pine 6,485.5 

Oak-nine 1.6971 

Cedar 

Oak-hlekory 

Oak-gun-cypress 

Eim-ash-cottonwood 

Table IV. Net volume of live sawtimbei and growing stock 

on comme~cial forest land, by stand-size closs, 

Arkansas, 1959 .- 

- 

Stand-sire class ~. -. 

x~vwtimber ( Growing stock 

Million Million 

Sawtimber stands 

Pol~timber stands 

booid feet cubic feet 

32.3278 7.7365 

- ~-~~ ~~ 6,8095 3.513.4 

Seedling and sapling stands 1.8348 716.5 

Nonstacked and other areas 

not elsewhere classified - 205.7 -- 64.8 

TotA 41.1776 12,031.2 

Total 17.9013 

All ownerships 20,1570 
Table V. Net volume of live sawtimber and gvowing stock on 

commercial forest land, by ownemhip class, 

-. Arkansas, 1959 

-- 

Ownerrhip class I Sawtimber i Growing stock 

Million Million 

board feet cubic feet 

Federally owned or managed: 

National forest 5,5075 1,551.7 

Indian 

Bureau of Land Management 1.1 .3 

Other 812.8 216.2 

Total 

State 

county and municina1 

private: 

Farm 

Industrial and ather 

Total 

All ownerships 

Table VI. Net volume of live sawtimber and growing stock on 

commercial forest land, by species, Arkansas, 

.... 19.59 -- Species /~timber /Growing stock 

Million Million 

boold feet cubic feet 

Saftwoods: 

Shortlcaf and lobloliy pines 23,320.2 5,215.9 

Cypress 9201 173.5 

Other eastern softwoods 43.3 -- 27.7 

Hardwoods: 

White oaks (Quercus rlbr and 

miehauriil 

Red oaks (Q. rubrr, faloatr vrr. 

Ilagodielulia, and shurnardii) 

Other white oaks 

Other red oaks 

Sugar mapie 

Soft ma~les 

Beech 

sweetgum 

Tupelo and blackgum 

Ash 

Hickory 

Cottonwood 

Basswood 

Yellow-poplar 

Black walnut 

Other eastern hardwoods 

Total 

All species 
Table VII. Net volume of live savrtimbe~ on commr~ciol foiest land, by diameter class ~TOUPS and 

soecies. . Arkansas. 1959 , - -- Diameter ciarr groups 

Species l~~~1 inches inches inches ~ 

- - - - - - - - - Million boold feet - - - - - - - -- - 

Southern yellow pines 4,395.2 4,892.9 4,6699 3,7033 2,5705 3,088.4 23.3202 

Other casters softwoods 72.0 81.9 93.5 87.7 113.9 514.4 963.4 

White oaks (Querous rlba and 

michauaii) . 526.4 443.6 339.9 2280 286.7 1,8248 

Other white oaks 501.1 503.2 406.2 319.1 604.2 2,3338 

~ed oaks (Q rubrr, frlrrtr Tar. 

pagadrefalia, and shumlrdii) 169.3 188.4 135.6 133.6 259.6 936.5 

Other red oaks 793.7 733.8 467.9 355.3 914.7 3,2654 

Beech 17.7 6.5 190 18.7 37.8 98.7 

Yellowpoplar 1.8 1.3 7.6 5.1 15.8 

Other eastern hardwoods 1,0275 895.7 764.3 739.0 1555.6 4 982 1 

Table VIII. Net volume of all timber on eomme7-cia1 forest 

land, by class of material and species STOUP, 

Avkansos, 1959 

Class of material I Total Softwood Hardwoods 

mileon cubic feet 

Growing stock: 

Sawtimber trees: 

Sawlog portion 6,6655 3,979.5 2,686.0 

Upper stem portion 1,569.0 295.7 1.2733 

Total 8,234.5 4.2752 3,058.3 

Poletimber trees -- 3,796.7 1,141.9 2,654.8 

Tohl growing stock 12.031.2 5,4171 6.614.1 -- 

. . ~ ~ 

Other material: 

Sound cvil trees 1,335.3 14.8 1,320.5 

Rotten cull tires 811.8 17.7 794.1 

Hardwood limbs 771.1 771.1 

Salvable dead trees - 7.1 1.9 5.2 

Total other material 2,925.3 34.4 2.8909 -- - ~.~ .. Total, all timber 14,9565 5,4515 9.505.0 

Table IX. Net annual gmu~th, annual mo~tality, and annual cut of live sawtimber and growing stock on 

commercial forest land, by species g~oup, Arkansas, 1958 - 

sawtimber CZOW~~~ stock 

Hard- Item WW~S woods species woods woods 

Million booid feet Million cubic feet 

Net annual growth 2,3997 

- - 

1,635.6 - 764.1 637.2 ,- 

340.1 - 

297.1 

Annval mortality - 284.4 - 72.8 - 211.6 - 92.3 - 17.4 - 74.9 

Annual cut 

Timber products 1,281.3 737.1 544.2 306.0 182 8 123.2 

Logging reridurss - 

10fi.7 12.4 - 

94.3 71.8 10.4 - 

61.4 -- - 

Total annual cut' 1,3880 749.5 638.5 377.8 193.2 184.6 

s ~"~l~des 52.5 million board feet and 24.0 minion cubic feet from cvltvral operations. 
Veneer lags 81 bolts 

Cooperage logs & bolts 

Pulpwood 

Table X. Output of timber products and annual cut of live sawtimber and gvowing stack, A~knnsos, 1958 

- Poles 

Posts 

Hewn tier 

Mine timbers 

Handle stock dimenrion 

Chemical woad 

Annual cut af 

growing -.-. rtoek 

Miscellaneous ' 

Total 

Annual cut of 

sawtimber 

- 

'~nternatianal '~-inch r'Raueh wood baris. 

output of timber products 

Volume m standard "nib I Roundwood volume 

Product 

M bd. ft.' 1,073,166 

M bd. ft. ~ 32,074 

M bd. ft. ' 20,194 

Std. cords ' ' 1,041,463 

Std. cords' ' 943,922 

M linear feet 2,036 

M piece3 579 

M pieces 15,533 

M pieces 98 

M eu. ft. 75 

M cu, ft. 1,572 

M cu. ft. 3,555 

-- 

M eu. ft. '2,910 

Standard Soft- Hard- Soft- Hardunits j Number 1 Total 1 woods / woods 1 Total I woods / woods I Totea 1 2% 1 %:% 

ule. 

Thollsand cubic feet Thousand bowd feet Thousand cubic feet 

~~tl~~l~di~g 21.2 million cubic feet of wood from mill residues used for pulp. 

a NO^ including 58.5 million cubic feet of wood from mill residues used for domestic and industrial fuel. 

"Includes furniture squares, excelsior. and other miscellaneous productri. 
SOUTHERN FOREST EXPERIMENT STATION 

New Orleans, Louisiana 

Forest Service,U.S. Department of Agriculture 

1960