**GAO-08-351**                      Published: Feb 19, 2008. Publicly Released: Mar 04, 2008.                  

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## Highlights

Somalia has lacked a functioning central government since 1991. In December 2006, the Ethiopian military intervened in Somalia to support Somalia's transitional government, opening what many considered a window of opportunity to rebuild the country and restore effective governance. The United States has been the largest bilateral donor to Somalia, providing roughly $362 million in assistance since 2001. In this report, GAO assesses (1) U.S. and international efforts to stabilize Somalia, (2) U.S. and international efforts to provide humanitarian and development assistance to Somalia, and (3) strategic planning efforts to guide U.S. activities related to Somalia. GAO reviewed documents from U.S. and international organizations; interviewed U.S., United Nations (UN), Somali, and other officials; and conducted fieldwork in Kenya and Ethiopia. GAO assessed U.S. strategy using the six desirable characteristics of an effective national strategy that GAO previously developed.

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## Topics

International Affairs

Economic stabilizationFederal aid to foreign countriesForeign aid programsForeign governmentsForeign policiesInternational agreementsInternational cooperationInternational economic relationsInternational food programsInternational organizationsInternational relationsStrategic planning