UNITED STATES ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY

REGION III

1650 Arch Street

Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19103

DATE: 

SUBJECT: Technical Support Document for the Virginia State Implementation Plan for 

Section 110(a)(2) of the Clean Air Act Infrastructure Requirements for the 2008 

Lead National Ambient Air Quality Standards

FROM: Ellen Schmitt, Environmental Scientist

Office of Air Program Planning

TO: File

THRU: Cristina Fernandez, Associate Director /s/ 5/7/2013

Office of Air Program Planning 

A. INTRODUCTION

The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is taking action on a submittal made by the 

Commonwealth of Virginia to meet the Clean Air Act (CAA) section 110(a)(2) requirements of 

the 2008 lead national ambient air quality standards (NAAQS).

B. BACKGROUND

On October 15, 2008, EPA revised the primary and secondary lead NAAQS from 1.5 

micrograms per cubic meter (μg/m3) to 0.15 μg/m3. Section 110(a) of the CAA requires states to 

submit state implementation plans (SIPs) that provide for the implementation, maintenance, and 

enforcement of new or revised NAAQS within three years following the promulgation of such 

NAAQS. Section 110(a) of the CAA imposes the obligation upon states to make a SIP 

submission to EPA for a new or revised NAAQS. For the 2008 lead NAAQS, states typically 

have met many of the basic program elements required in section 110(a)(2) of the CAA through 

earlier SIP submissions in connection with previous lead standards. Section 110(a)(2) of the 

CAA lists specific elements that states must meet or continue to meet in these SIP submissions. 

The requirements include SIP infrastructure elements such as requirements for modeling, 

monitoring, and emissions inventories that are designed to assure attainment and maintenance of 

the NAAQS. Section 110(a)(2) of the CAA infrastructure elements (A) through (M) are listed in 

EPA’s memorandum from Stephen D. Page, Director, Office of Air Quality Planning and 

Standards to the Regional Air Division Directors, Regions 1-10, “Guidance on Infrastructure 

State Implementation Plan (SIP) Elements Required Under Sections 110(a)(1) and 110(a)(2) for 

the 2008 Lead (Pb) National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS),” October 14, 2011, 

(hereafter referred to as “Lead Infrastructure Guidance”).
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C. EPA REQUIREMENTS

As discussed above, for the 2008 lead NAAQS, states must provide SIP submissions, or 

provide certification that the existing SIP contains provisions addressing relevant infrastructure 

SIP elements from sections 110(a)(2)(A) through (M) of the CAA. To help states meet this 

statutory requirement, EPA issued the Lead Infrastructure Guidance, which listed the basic 

elements that states should include in their SIPs. 

D. STATE’S SUBMITTAL

On March 9, 2012, Virginia provided a submittal to satisfy the requirements of section 

110(a)(2) of the CAA for the 2008 lead NAAQS. This submittal addressed the following 

infrastructure elements that EPA is proposing to approve: section 110(a)(2)(A), (B), (C) (for 

enforcement and regulation of minor sources), (D)(i)(I), (D)(i)(II) (for visibility protection), 

(D)(ii), (E)(i), (E)(iii), (F), (G), (H), (J), (K), (L), and (M) of the CAA, or portions thereof. EPA 

is taking separate action on the portions of (C), (D)(i)(II), and (J) as they relate to Virginia’s 

prevention of significant deterioration (PSD) program. This submittal did not include element (I) 

which pertains to the nonattainment requirements of part D, Title I of the CAA, since this

element is not required to be submitted by the 3-year submission deadline of CAA section 

110(a)(1), and will be addressed in a separate process. 

In accordance with the panel of the U.S. Court of Appeals for the D.C. Circuit opinion,

the EPA at this time is not treating the 110(a)(2)(D)(i)(I) SIP submission from the 

Commonwealth of Virginia as a required SIP submission. See EME Homer City Generation, LP 

v. EPA, 696 F.3d 7 (D.C. Cir. 2012), reh’g denied 2013 U.S. App. LEXIS 1623 (Jan. 24., 

2013). However, even if the submission is not considered to be “required,” the EPA must act on 

the 110(a)(2)(D)(i)(I) SIP submission from Virginia because section 110(k)(2) of the CAA 

requires the EPA to act on all SIP submissions. Unless the EME Homer City decision is reversed 

or otherwise modified by the Supreme Court, states are not required to submit 110(a)(2)(D)(i)(I) 

SIPs until the EPA has quantified their obligations under that section. In this notice, EPA is 

proposing to act on the Commonwealth of Virginia’s 110(a)(2)(D)(i)(I) submission.

E. EVALUATION OF STATE SUBMITTAL

1. Section 110(a)(2)(A)

Virginia’s enforceable emission limitations and other control measures are included in 9

VAC 5 Chapter 40 (Existing Stationary Sources), 9VAC5 Chapter 50 (New and Modified

Stationary Sources), 9VAC5 Chapter 91 (Motor Vehicle Inspection and Maintenance in Northern 

Virginia), 9VAC5 Chapter 130 (Open Burning), and 9VAC5 Chapter 140 (Emissions Trading). 
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The measures in these regulations include provisions that are adequate to meet the requirements 

of 110(a)(2)(A).

EPA does not consider SIP requirements triggered by the nonattainment area mandates in 

part D of Title I of the CAA to be governed by the submission deadline of section 110(a)(1). 

Nevertheless, the Commonwealth of Virginia may have included some previous EPA-approved

SIP provisions originally submitted in response to part D in its submission documenting its 

compliance with the requirements of sections 110(a)(l) and (2) of the CAA. For the purposes of 

this action, EPA has reviewed certain Virginia 110(a)(2) submittals, including any rules 

originally submitted in response to part D, or references thereto, solely for the purposes of 

determining whether such submittals support a finding that the state has met the basic 

infrastructure requirements under section 110(a)(2).

In this action, EPA is not proposing to approve or disapprove any existing Virginia

provisions with regard to excess emissions during Startup, Shutdown, and Malfunction (SSM) of 

operations at a facility. EPA believes that a number of states have SSM provisions which are 

contrary to the CAA and existing EPA guidance (August 11, 1999 Steven Herman and Robert 

Perciasepe Guidance Memorandum, “State Implementation Plans: Policy Regarding Excess 

Emissions During Malfunctions, Startup, and Shutdown”), and the Agency plans to address such 

state regulations in the future. In the meantime, EPA encourages any state having a deficient 

SSM provision to take steps to correct it as soon as possible.

Also in this action, EPA is not proposing to approve or disapprove any existing Virginia

rules with regard to director’s discretion or variance provisions. EPA believes that a number of 

states have such provisions which are contrary to the CAA and existing EPA guidance (see 52 

FR 45109, November 1987), and the Agency plans to take action in the future to address such 

state regulations. In the meantime, EPA encourages any state having director’s discretion or 

variance provision which is contrary to the CAA and EPA guidance to take steps to correct the 

deficiency as soon as possible.

2. Section 110(a)(2)(B)

Virginia has established and currently operates appropriate devices, methods, systems, 

and procedures necessary to monitor, compile, and analyze data on ambient air quality. Virginia 

maintains and operates a multi-station network of ambient monitors throughout the 

Commonwealth to measure ambient air quality levels for comparison to each NAAQS as 

required by 40 CFR part 58. The locations of these monitoring stations can be found in 

Virginia’s Annual Network Review for 2012, the most recent year available at the time of this 

notice, and has been provided in the docket.

Virginia provides such ambient air quality data to EPA and keeps EPA informed of 

changes to the sampling network by providing prior notification of any planned changes and 

seeking approval of the changes. Virginia sends EPA an annual summary of all changes to the 
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network, which includes a description, explaination, and other relevant information regarding 

each change.

All data is measured using EPA approved methods as either Reference or Equivalent 

monitors. All monitors are subjected to the quality assurance requirements of 40 CFR part 58, 

Appendix A, and all samplers are located at sites that have met the minimum siting requirements 

of 40 CFR part 58, Appendix E. The data is submitted to EPA’s Air Quality System (AQS) 

system, in a timely manner in accordance with the schedule prescribed by EPA in 40 CFR part 

58. EPA finds Virginia’s infrastructure SIP meets the necessary requirements for CAA section 

110(a)(2)(B).

3. Section 110(a)(2)(C)

Virginia has established and currently operates a program to provide for the enforcement 

of the enforceable emission limitations and other control measures, means, or techniques, as well 

as schedules and time tables for the compliance, as may be necessary or appropriate, to meet the 

applicable requirements of the CAA. Virginia has a minor new source review (NSR) program 

located in 9VAC5-80-10 (New and Modified Stationary Sources) and 9VAC5-80-11 (Stationary

source permit exemption levels) which has been approved into the Virginia SIP.

EPA will take separate action on the portion of section 110(a)(2)(C) for the 2008 lead 

NAAQS as it relates to Virginia’s PSD permit program. Virginia’s revised PSD permit program 

approval has been proposed by EPA in the federal register on August 1, 2012 (77 FR 45523).

4. Section 110(a)(2)(D)(i)

In accordance with the Homer City opinion from the U.S. Court of Appeals for the D.C. 

Circuit, the EPA at this time is not treating the 110(a)(2)(D)(i)(I) SIP submission from the 

Commonwealth of Virginia as a required SIP submission. See EME Homer City Generation, LP 

v. EPA, 696 F.3d 7 (D.C. Cir. 2012), reh’g denied 2013 U.S. App. LEXIS 1623 (Jan. 24., 

2013). However, even if the submission is not considered to be “required,” the EPA must act on 

the 110(a)(2)(D)(i)(I) SIP submission from Virginia because section 110(k)(2) of the CAA 

requires the EPA to act on all SIP submissions. Unless the EME Homer City decision is reversed 

or otherwise modified by the Supreme Court, states are not required to submit 110(a)(2)(D)(i)(I) 

SIPs until the EPA has quantified their obligations under that section. In this notice, EPA is 

proposing to act on the Commonwealth of Virginia’s 110(a)(2)(D)(i)(I) submission.

The physical properties of lead prevent lead emissions from experiencing a significant 

degree of travel in the ambient air. No complex chemistry is needed to form lead or lead 

compounds in the ambient air; therefore, concentrations of lead are typically highest near lead 

sources. More specifically, there is a significant decrease in lead concentrations as the distance 

from a lead source increases. According to EPA’s report “Latest Findings on National Air 
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Quality: Status and Trends Through 2006,” lead monitoring data shows that the typical lead 

concentration near a source is approximately 10 times the typical lead concentration for sites that 

are not near a source (EPA-454/R-07-007). Accordingly, in order for a source to emit lead that 

may contribute significantly to nonattainment in, or interfere with maintenance by, any other 

state, the source would need to be a very large source (emitting more than 0.5 tons per year of 

lead) that is located in close proximity to state boundaries. See Lead Infrastructure Guidance.

To satisfy the interstate transport requirement of this element, Virginia made an 

assessment as to whether any lead emitting sources in the Commonwealth would contribute 

significantly to nonattainment in, or interfere with maintenance by, any other state with respect 

the 2008 lead NAAQS. See Virginia’s Annual Network Review. Because of the physical 

properties of lead, and the fact that there are not any nonattainment areas for the 2008 lead 

NAAQS within close proximity of the sources, Virginia expects that these lead sources do not 

contribute significantly to nonattainment in, or interfere with maintenance in, any other state 

with regard to the 2008 lead NAAQS. 

With regard to visibility protection, lead-related visibility effects from Virginia are 

insignificant to other Class I areas. See memorandum from Mark Schmidt, OAQPS to File, 

dated November 7, 2011, entitled, “The Estimated Contribution of Ambient Lead to Class I Area 

Visibility Impairment.” EPA also published a final rulemaking regarding Virginia’s regional 

haze SIP on June 13, 2012 (77 FR 35287). Therefore, EPA finds Virginia’s infrastructure SIP as 

submitted meets the necessary requirements for CAA section 110(a)(2)(D)(i)(I).

Section 110(a)(2)(D)(i)(II) requires that SIPs include provisions prohibiting any source or 

other type of emissions activity in one state from interfering with measures to protect visibility

required to be included in another state’s SIP. In describing how its submission meets this

requirement, the Commonwealth referred to its October 4, 2012 Regional Haze SIP submittal 

which included reliance on the Clean Air Interstate Rule (CAIR) for electrical generating units 

(EGUs).1 EPA granted limited approval and limited disapproval of Virginia’s regional haze SIP.

See 77 FR 35287 (June 13, 2012). Although Virginia’s regional haze SIP has not been fully 

approved, EPA believes that the infrastructure SIP submission together with previously approved 

SIP provisions, specifically those provisions that require EGUs to comply with CAIR and the 

additional measures in the regional haze SIP addressing best available retrofit technology

(BART) and reasonable progress requirements for other sources or pollutants, are adequate to 

demonstrate compliance with prong 4, thus, EPA is proposing to fully approve this aspect of the 

submission. 

Virginia’s regional haze SIP relied on Virginia’s previous incorporation of the CAIR into 

the EPA-approved SIP for Virginia as an alternative to the requirement that the regional haze 

SIPs provide for source-specific BART emission limits for SO2 and NOx emissions from EGUs. 

 

1 On May 12, 2005, EPA published CAIR, which requires significant reductions in emissions of sulfur dioxide (SO2

) and nitrogen 

oxides (NOx) from EGUs to limit the interstate transport of these pollutants and the ozone and fine particulate matter they form

in the atmosphere. 70 FR 25162.
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At the time the Virginia regional haze SIP was being developed, the Commonwealth’s reliance 

on CAIR was fully consistent with EPA’s regulations. CAIR, as originally promulgated, 

requires significant reductions in emissions of SO2 and NOx to limit the interstate transport of 

these pollutants, and EPA’s determination that states could rely on CAIR as an alternative to 

requiring BART for CAIR-subject EGUs had specifically been upheld in Utility Air Regulatory 

Group v. EPA, 471 F.3d 1333 (D.C. Cir. 2006). Moreover, the states with Class I areas affected 

by emissions from sources in Virginia had adopted reasonable progress goals for visibility

protection that were consistent with the EGU emission limits resulting from CAIR. 

In 2008, however, the D.C. Circuit remanded CAIR back to EPA. See North Carolina v. 

EPA, 550 F.3d 1176 (D.C. Cir. 2008). The court found CAIR to be inconsistent with the 

requirements of the CAA, see North Carolina v. EPA, 531 F.3d 896 (D.C. Cir. 2008), but 

ultimately remanded the rule to EPA without vacatur because it found that “allowing CAIR to 

remain in effect until it is replaced by a rule consistent with [the court’s] opinion would at least 

temporarily preserve the environmental values covered by CAIR.” North Carolina, 550 F.3d at 

1178. 

After the remand of CAIR by the D.C. Circuit and the promulgation by EPA of a new 

rule – the Cross State Air Pollution Rule (CSAPR) – to replace CAIR, EPA issued a limited 

disapproval of Virginia’s regional haze SIP (and other states’ regional haze SIPs that relied 

similarly on CAIR) because EPA believed that full approval of the SIP was not appropriate in 

light of the court’s remand of CAIR and the uncertain but limited remaining period of operation 

of CAIR. EPA finalized a limited approval of the Virginia regional haze SIP, indicating that 

except for its reliance on CAIR, the SIP met CAA requirements for the first planning period of 

the regional haze program. See 77 FR 35287 (June 13, 2012).2EPA also finalized a limited FIP 

for Virginia, which merely substituted reliance on EPA’s more recent CSAPR NOx and SO2

trading programs for EGUs for the SIP’s reliance on CAIR. See 77 FR 33642 (June 7, 2012).

Since the above-described developments with regard to Virginia’s regional haze SIP, the 

situation has changed. In August 2012, the D.C. Circuit issued a decision to vacate CSAPR. 

EME Homer City Generation, LP v. EPA, 696 F.3d 7 (D.C. Cir. 2012), reh’g denied 2013 U.S. 

App. LEXIS 1623 (Jan. 24., 2013). In this decision, the court ordered EPA to “continue 

administering CAIR pending the promulgation of a valid replacement.” Thus, EPA has been 

ordered by the court to develop a new rule, and to continue implementing CAIR in the meantime, 

and the opinion makes clear that after promulgating that new rule EPA must provide states an 

opportunity to draft and submit SIPs to implement that rule. Implementation of CAIR thus 

cannot be replaced until EPA has promulgated a final rule through a notice-and-comment 

rulemaking process; states have had an opportunity to draft and submit SIPs; EPA has reviewed 

 

2 Under CAA sections 301(a) and 110(k)(6) and EPA’s long-standing guidance, a limited approval results in 

approval of the entire SIP submittal, even of those parts that are deficient and prevent EPA from granting a full 

approval of the SIP revision. Processing of State Implementation Plan (SIP) Revisions, EPA Memorandum from 

John Calcagni, Director, Air Quality Management Division, OAQPS, to Air Division Directors, EPA Regional 

Offices I-X, September 7, 1992, (1992 Calcagni Memorandum) located at 

http://www.epa.gov/ttn/caaa/t1/memoranda/siproc.pdf.
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the SIPs to determine if they can be approved; and EPA has taken action on the SIPs, including 

promulgating a Federal Implementation Plan (FIP), if appropriate. 

Based on the current direction from the court to continue administering CAIR, EPA 

believes that it is appropriate to rely on CAIR emission reductions as permanent and enforceable 

for purposes of assessing the adequacy of Virginia’s infrastructure SIP with respect to prong 4 

while a valid replacement rule is developed and until implementation plans complying with any

new rule are submitted by the states and acted upon by EPA or until any subsequent litigation 

provides different direction regarding CAIR and CSAPR. In addition, EPA believes that based 

on the court’s decision on CSAPR it would be appropriate to propose to rescind its limited 

disapproval of Virginia’s regional haze SIP and propose a full approval, but EPA will proceed to 

do so in a separate action.

As neither Virginia nor EPA has taken any action to remove CAIR from the Virginia SIP, 

CAIR remains part of the EPA-approved SIP and can be considered in determining whether the 

SIP as a whole meets the requirement of 110(a)(2)(D)(i)(II) (for visibility protection). EPA is 

proposing to approve the infrastructure SIP submission with respect to 110(a)(2)(D)(i)(II) 

because Virginia’s regional haze SIP which EPA has given a limited approval in combination 

with its SIP provisions to implement CAIR adequately prevent sources in Virginia from 

interfering with measures adopted by other states to protect visibility during the first planning 

period. While EPA is not at this time proposing to change the June 13, 2012, limited approval 

and limited disapproval of Virginia’s regional haze SIP, EPA expects to propose an appropriate 

action regarding Virginia’s regional haze SIP in a separate action.

EPA is taking separate action on the portion of section 110(a)(2)(D)(i)(II) for the 2008 

lead NAAQS as it relates to Virginia’s PSD permit program. EPA proposed approval of the 

revisions to Virginia’s PSD permit program on August 1, 2012 (77 FR 45523).

5. Section 110(a)(2)(D)(ii)

Virginia has demonstrated that it has met its obligations pursuant to CAA section 126(a),

that it has no currently pending obligations pursuant to CAA Section 126(b), and has made the

necessary submittals to demonstrate that the Commonwealth has adequate provisions insuring

future compliance with the requirements of sections 126 and 115 of the CAA as may be 

necessary in accordance with EPA’s Lead Infrastructure Guidance. Therefore, EPA finds 

Virginia’s infrastructure SIP meets the necessary requirements for CAA section 110(a)(2)(D)(ii).

6. Section 110(a)(2)(E)(i)

The Code of Virginia Title 10.1 Chapter 13, “Air Pollution Control Board” gives broad

authority to develop, implement and enforce the implementation plan. The resources to carry out 

the implementation plan are provided through General Funds, Title V funds, and the section 103 

and 105 grant process. Title V fees are collected under the authority of Code of Virginia Title
8

10.1-1322. Virginia’s submittal provides assurances that that it has adequate personnel to carry

out the SIP with respect to the 2008 lead NAAQS. Therefore, EPA finds Virginia’s 

infrastructure SIP meets the necessary requirements for CAA section 110(a)(2)(E)(i).

7. Section 110(a)(2)(E)(ii)

EPA will take separate action on this portion of section 110(a)(2)(E) for the 2008 lead 

NAAQS as it relates to CAA section 128, “State Boards.”

8. Section 110(a)(2)(E)(iii)

Virginia does not rely on localities for specific SIP implementation. Therefore, EPA 

finds Virginia’s infrastructure SIP meets the necessary requirements for CAA section 

110(a)(2)(E)(iii). 

9. Section 110(a)(2)(F)

Specific monitoring requirements are found throughout the Virginia Administrative Code 

governing the Control of Air Pollution, including 9VAC5 Chapters 20, 40, and 50. These 

regulations are included in Virginia’s approved SIP and are listed in 40 CFR 52.2420 and also 

apply to the 2008 lead NAAQS.

Requirements for periodic reports on the nature, amounts of emissions, and emissionsrelated data are included in 9VAC5-20-160 (Registration). This data is also required by Part I of 

9VAC5 Chapter 40 (Existing Stationary Sources) as well as Parts I and II of 9VAC5 Chapter 50 

(New and Modified Stationary Sources). 9VAC5-170-60 (Availability of information) of Part II 

of 9VAC5 Chapter 170 (Regulation for General Administration) requires that these reports be 

publicly available. Therefore, EPA finds Virginia’s infrastructure SIP meets the necessary

requirements for CAA section 110(a)(2)(F).

10. Section 110(a)(2)(G)

Virginia has authority comparable to that in section 303 of the CAA and adequate 

contingency plans to implement such authority. 

Section 10.1-1309 B under Code of Virginia, Title 10.1, Chapter 13, Air Pollution 

Control Board, authorizes the board to declare a state of emergency and issue without hearing an 

emergency special order directing the owner to cease such pollution immediately upon finding 

that any owner is unreasonably affecting the public health, safety or welfare; the health of animal 

or plant life; or property. Section 10.1-1309.1 authorizes the board to issue special orders 

requiring plans to abate, control, prevent, remove, or contain any substantial and imminent threat 
9

to public health or the environment that is reasonably likely to occur if such source ceases 

operations. Therefore, EPA finds Virginia’s infrastructure SIP meets the necessary requirements

for CAA section 110(a)(2)(G).

11. Section 110(a)(2)(H)

Virginia has demonstrated that it has adequate authority to revise the SIP under the Code 

of Virginia, Title 10.1, Chapter 13, Air Pollution Control Board, specifically section 10.1-1306. 

This provision provides authority for the board to act reasonably to achieve and maintain levels 

of air quality that will protect human health, welfare, and safety. Also, section 10.1-1307 

provides for the development of a comprehensive program for the study, abatement, and control 

of all sources of air pollution in the Commonwealth. In addition, section 10.1-1308 provides 

authority to promulgate regulations to abate, control, and prohibit air pollution throughout the 

Commonwealth in accordance with the provisions of Virginia’s Administrative Process Act.

These submissions also provide EPA with adequate assurances that Virginia will review 

and revise its SIP from time to time as may be necessary to take account of revisions of such 

primary or secondary NAAQS or the availability of improved or more expeditious methods of 

attaining such standards and, whenever the Administrator finds, on the basis of information 

available to the Administrator, that the plan is substantially inadequate to attain the NAAQS 

which it implements, or to otherwise comply with any additional requirements established under 

the CAA. Therefore, EPA finds Virginia’s infrastructure SIP meets the necessary requirements

for CAA section 110(a)(2)(H).

12. Section 110(a)(2)(I)

This submission did not include section 110(a)(2)(I) of the CAA which pertains to the 

nonattainment requirements of part D, Title I of the CAA. EPA does not expect infrastructure 

SIP submissions to address this element because nonattainment area plans required under part D 

are required on a different schedule from the CAA section 110(a)(2) infrastructure elements and, 

thus, will be reviewed and acted upon through a separate process. 

13. Section 110(a)(2)(J)

Section 121 (relating to consultation). All SIP revisions undergo public notice and 

hearing upon request, which provides for comment by the public and includes local political 

subdivisions. Further, all regulations promulgated in Virginia are subject to the Administrative 

Process Act (Code of Virginia, Title 2.2, Administration of Government, Chapter 40). 

Regulations promulgated by the State Air Pollution Control Board are also governed by 9VAC5 

Chapter 5, Public Participation Guidelines.

Section 127 (relating to public notification). Air quality data from Virginia’s monitoring 
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network is published on the Department of Environmental Quality website. As part of the 

section 105 grant process, Virginia is required to submit monitoring data to the Air Quality

System (AQS) in a timely manner. Virginia publishes an annual summary of all monitoring data 

on the DEQ website, including monitoring locations, exceedances, and violations of standards.

Part C (relating to visibility protection). With regard to the visibility protection aspect of 

110(a)(2)(J), EPA recognizes that states are subject to visibility and regional haze program 

requirements under part C of the Act (which includes sections 169A and 169B). In the event of 

the establishment of a new NAAQS, however, the visibility and regional haze program 

requirements under part C do not change. Thus, EPA finds that there are no applicable visibility

obligations under part C “triggered” under section 110(a)(2)(J) when a new NAAQS becomes 

effective. Virginia has submitted SIP revisions to satisfy the requirements of the CAA section 

169A and 169B, and the regional haze and BART rules contained in 40 CFR 51.308. 

On June 13, 2012, EPA published a final rulemaking regarding Virginia’s regional haze 

program, consisting of a limited approval and a limited disapproval. See 77 FR 35287. In EPA’s 

view, the current status of Virginia’s regional haze SIP as having not been fully approved is not a 

bar to full approval of the infrastructure SIP submission with respect to the visibility protection 

aspect of 110(a)(2)(J), and EPA is proposing to fully approve the infrastructure SIP for this 

aspect. While EPA is not at this time proposing to change the June 13, 2012, limited approval 

and limited disapproval of Virginia’s Regional haze SIP itself, EPA expects to address the 

approval status of the regional haze SIP in a separate action.

EPA is taking separate action on the portion of section 110(a)(J) for the 2008 lead 

NAAQS as it relates to Virginia’s PSD permit program. EPA proposed approval of the revisions 

to Virginia’s PSD permit program on August 1, 2012 (77 FR 45523).

14. Section 110(a)(2)(K)

Virginia has the authority and technical capability to conduct air quality modeling in 

order to assess the effect on ambient air quality relevant pollutant emissions and will continue to 

perform modeling. Article 8, Permits for Major Stationary Sources and Major Modifications 

Locating in Prevention of Significant Deterioration Areas (9VAC5-80-1605 et seq.) of 9VAC5-

80 (Permits for Stationary Sources) contains requirements for pre-construction and postconstruction monitoring and modeling. This regulation is included as part of the Virginia SIP as 

noted in 40 CFR 52.2420. Virginia will continue to submit to EPA the air quality modeling data 

as part of Virginia’s relevant SIP submissions, permit actions, and through Federal grant 

commitments or in other ways that EPA may request. Therefore, EPA finds Virginia’s 

infrastructure SIP meets the necessary requirements for CAA section 110(a)(2)(K).

15. Section 110(a)(2)(L)

Virginia’s submission adequately addresses this requirement by explaining that these 
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requirements are located in Article 2, Permit Program Fees for Stationary Sources (9VAC5-80-

310 et seq.) of 9VAC5-80 (Permits for Stationary Sources). These regulations are part of 

Virginia’s federally approved Title V program and are codified in Appendix A of 40 CFR Part 

70, Approval Status of State and Local Operating Permits Programs. Therefore, EPA finds 

Virginia’s infrastructure SIP meets the necessary requirements for CAA section 110(a)(2)(L).

16. Section 110(a)(2)(M)

All SIP revisions undergo public notice and hearing, providing for comment by the public 

that includes local political subdivisions. Additionally, the Code of Virginia under § 10.1-1307A 

requires advising, consulting, and cooperating with all agencies of the Commonwealth, political

subdivisions, private industries, and any other affected groups when developing programs to 

improve or maintain air quality. Further, all regulations in Virginia are subject to the 

Administrative Process Act (Code of Virginia, Title 2.2, Administration of Government, Chapter 

40). Regulations promulgated by the State Air Pollution Control Board are also governed by 

9VAC5 Chapter 5, Public Participation Guidelines. Therefore, EPA finds Virginia’s

infrastructure SIP meets the necessary requirements for CAA section 110(a)(2)(M).

F. CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDED AGENCY ACTION

EPA’s analysis of Virginia’s infrastructure submittals for the 2008 lead NAAQS 

concludes that Virginia’s submittals meet the requirements of section 110(a)(2)(A), (B), (C) (for 

enforcement and regulation of minor sources), (D)(i)(I), (D)(i)(II) (for visibility protection), 

(D)(ii), (E)(i), (E)(iii), (F), (G), (H), (J), (K), (L), and (M), or portions thereof. It is 

recommended that a notice of proposed rulemaking be prepared approving Virginia’s

infrastructure submittals for the 2008 lead NAAQS.