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Clean Ports 

Navigating Toward C
USA program. Technological strategies can yi

in fuel and maintenance costs, while operatio

strategies that decrease turn-times and impr

efficiency can help mitigate 

capacity constraints.

—Meredith Martino, Manager of Government Relations 

and Environmental Policy,

American Association of Port Authorities

”

Die

R

educing ex

from vehic

is an imp

environmental goal. 

be carcinogenic to huma

particulate matter (PM) an

which increase ozone levels a

haze. This pollution has been 

ous respiratory and cardiova

chronic bronchitis 

EPA supports the reduction of 

Clean Ports USA. In addition, E

Partnership, which works closely with 

lenges freight companies operating at po

ronmental performance of their fleets and to 

ciently. Innovative ports are developing em

taking advantage of the emissions reduction 

through initiatives supported by EPA. As a 

actions, port leaders are receiving national re

and implementing strategies to measur
eld savings

onal

ove

· Lower the public health risks for asthma, res

cardiovascular disease for port employees a

Improve your port’s bottom line by saving fu

operational efficiency, while decreasing die

· Enhance relationships with neighboring com

ing customers’ needs.

double by 2020. As cargo volumes rise, port auth

face the challenge of increasing cargo movement 

ing environmental quality. You can be part of the 

recognition by taking action now. We can assist y

effects of freight movement on public health and t

Through the voluntary National Clean Di

EPA is working with port authorities, terminal 

trucking and rail companies to promote cleane

and strategies through education, incentives, a

tance for diesel emission reduction at ports. EP

port operators to use SmartWay Partners to tr

Meeting national clean air 

result in substantial publi

benefits, and ports play a 
Technology Strategies

Diesel emissions can be dramatically reduc

technologies. These include the use of cle

fitting, repowering, or replacing equipme

● Cleaner Fuel strategies utilize cleaner fue

sulfur diesel (ULSD), emulsified fuel, biodiese

● Retrofit strategies use aftertreatment techn

equipment or vehicles to reduce PM, NOx, g

other pollutants. EPA verifies the emission pe

technologies through rigorous third-party test

● Repower strategies replace an older engin

cleaner engine; an engine that uses cleaner f

engine manufactured to stricter standards wh

engine duty cycle fits.

● Replacement strategies retire the old die

replace it with new, more efficient diesel equ

newer, more stringent EPA standards.

● Rebuild strategies maintain proper tuning a

engine for better efficiency and lower emission

properly maintained and tuned perform better 

less PM and other pollutants.

Cost-Effective Strategies

Air emission reduction strategies are cost-e

tional efficiencies, and benefit ports throu

equipment maintenance, safety, and relia

Information technology (IT) solutions in gate ma

tracking, and employee identification are being 

ational efficiency. IT strategies also help the env

unnecessary engine idling and by shortening qu
Port Authority of New York 

& New Jersey

The Port Authority of New

York & New Jersey has

spearheaded infrastructure

improvements at its marine

terminal facilities, while also

benefiting from the voluntary

actions of its tenants. For example,

the Port Authority embarked on a multi-million

dollar rail enhancement program and a Port

Inland Distribution Network System using barges

and railcars. Both projects reduce air emissions b

taking trucks off the road.

What are the Benefits?

Although the number of pieces in the tenants’

2004 nonroad fleets has increased by 19 percent

since 2002, the average number of operating

hours has increased by 5 percent, and the total

number of containers has increased by 25 percen

overall emission estimates for key pollutants, in ton

per year, have decreased significantly through vol

untary fleet modernization. For example:

● NOx has been reduced by 31 percent.

● PM, carbon monoxide (CO), and volatile

organic compounds (VOC) have been reduced

by 32 percent.

● Sulfur dioxide (SO2) has been reduced by 

35 percent.

Learn 

Photo courtesy of The Port Authority of New York and New Jersey.
Georgia Ports Authority

The Georgia Ports Authority

meets customer needs by

implementing a Web

Access Gate Management

System that improves efficiency and increases the

number of gate transactions

per hour.

What are the Benefits?

Gate appointments use a Web-based system 

and alert terminals in advance for pick-up and

drop-off cargo, reducing unnecessary waits

and idle emissions. Customer satisfaction has

skyrocketed since the introduction of the gate

management system that:

● Cuts processing time greatly for entering

trucks.

● Shortens queuing lines through increased

terminal operational efficiency.

● Saves 3,020 gallons of fuel and a half-ton of

NOx per day. This is based on the assumption that 5,500 trucks pass through on a

peak day, cutting 40 minutes in idling time.

www.epa.gov/cleandiesel/ports

Port of Long Bea

Recipient of the 2005 EPA

Environmental Achievement

Award and 2004 American

Association of Port Authorities Environmental Improvement Award, the Port of Lon

Beach (POLB) installed more

than 600 diesel oxidation ca

lysts on its cargo handling e

install more. POLB also uses 

emulsified diesel fuel, on ca

ment for additional air pollu

What are the Benefits?

● Reduced PM emissions by 

emissions by 20 percent u

emulsified diesel fuel and 

● Extended engine life and 

costs by using lower sulfu

● Reduced PM by 15 tons p

● Reduced NOx by 44 tons 

● Received federal and state 

sion reduction projects, in a

port funding.

● Improved community rela

from Port Leaders Successes

* California Air Resources Board Verifica

California’s OFFROAD model were us

reduction data.
the use of stacking practices (rail or barge), a

transfers to reduce container movement.

● Efficient Freight Movement can res

tions if cleaner technology is used by truck, b

to transport materials. Ports may want to pla

lieu of trucks, and ensure that full rail loads l

● Truck Idle-Reduction is achieved by im

ciencies, terminal designs, and Web-based ap

chassis pools that shorten queuing lines and re

can also introduce idling-reduction rules, use i

gies, or simply call for voluntary action on the 

● Shoreside Power uses dock-side electric

devices for marine vessels. This method is refe

ing,” a ship-to-shore power connection system 

“plug in” to an alternative power source and 

infrastructure investment for both ports and ve

Did You Know?

● Switching to fuels that contain lower levels o

SO2 and PM emissions and enhances the ef

retrofit technologies.

● Low sulfur fuels have a cleaning effect on 

the engine that reduces maintenance costs

and extends oil change intervals.

● Diesel particulate filters with ULSD reduce

PM by 60 to 90 percent.

● Diesel oxidation catalysts reduce PM 

by 10 to 50 percent.

● Eliminating unnecessay truck idling can save

thousands of gallons of diesel fuel per day.
At the Port of New 

view diesel emissio

win-win situation: 

ment and are supp

modernize equipm

“

—Joseph Monaco, M

Port Authority of N

National Clean Diesel C

Through Clean Ports USA, the U.S. Env

Agency (EPA) is partnering with port autho

operators to reduce diesel emissions at o

Clean Ports USA is one component of EPA’s 

Diesel Campaign, a voluntary initiative 

the pollution emitted from diesel engines acro

the implementation of varied control strategi

involvement of national, state, and lo

Visit www.epa.gov/cleandie

to find detailed information ab

the National Clean Diesel Camp

How Do I Get More Infor

November 2005

EPA-420-F-05-033