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• South Coast () Air Quality Management District 

# f!l'lftJ 21865 Copley Drive, Diamond Bar, CA 91765-4178

' II I (909) 396-2000 • www.aqmd.gov

BOARD MEETING DATE: February 6, 2015 AGENDA NO. 22 PROPOSAL:

SYNOPSIS: Supplement to 24-hour PM2.5 State Implementation Plan for South CoastAir Basin The purpose ofthis Supplement to the 24-hour PM2.5 SIP for the South Coast Air Basin is to demonstrate attainment ofthe 2006 24- hour PM2.5 National Ambient Air Quality Standard by 2015 under Clean Air Act, Title 1, PartD, Subpart4, along with updates to the transportation conformity budgets, analysis ofReasonably Available Control Measures/Reasonably Available Control Technology, control measure commitments SQbmitted in the 2012 AQMP, and other Subpart4 requirements. COMMITTEE: Mobile Source Committee, January 23, 2015, Reviewed RECOMMENDED ACTIONS: Adopt the attached resolution: 1. Determiningthat the Supplement to the 24-hourPM2.5 SIP for the South Coast Air Basinis exemptfrom the requirements ofCEQA; and 2. Approving the attached Supplement to the 24-hour PM2.5 SIP for the South Coast Air Basin for Submittal into the SIP.

Background APPROVED by the South Coast AirQuality Management District Board Barry R. Wallerstein, D.Env. Executive Officer

The 2012 AQMP was approved by the SCAQMD Board in December 2012, with additional amendments approved in February 2013, and was subsequently submitted to CARB and the U.S. EPA for inclusion into the SIP. Thatplan demonstrated projected attainment ofthe 2006 24-hour PM2.5 National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) (35 J.Lg/m3) by 2014. However, a recent court decision (Natural Res. Def Council v. EPA, 706 F.3d 428 (D.C. Cir. 2013)) compels U.S. EPA to evaluate the 24-hourPM2.5 SIPunder CAA, Title 1, PartD, Subpart4 (hereafter "Subpart4") requirements specific to particulatematter, in addition to the generalplanning provisions ofSubpart 1that werepreviously used for PM2.5 SIPs. Subpart4 provides for an attainment yearof2015 for "moderate" areas, one yearlaterthan the attainment yearinthe 2012 AQMP. Furthermore, preliminary ambient air quality data suggests thatmeeting the 2006 24-hourPM2.5 NAAQS (35 J.tg/m3) bythe end of2014 is not likely, largely due to unusually extreme drought conditions inthe Basin. In addition, Subpart4 Section 189(e) necessitates that controlrequirements applicable for major PM2.5 sources shall also apply to major sources ofPM2.5 precursors unless itis determined by U.S. EPAto notbe a significant contributorto PM2.5. PM2.5 has four majorprecursors, otherthan direct PM2.5 emissions, that contribute to the development ofthe ambient PM2.5: nitrogen oxide (NOx), sulfur oxides (SOx), volatile organic compounds (VOC), and ammonia.
It shouldbenoted thatU.S. EPAhas proposedto find that the former 24-hourPM2.5 NAAQS (65 J.tg/m3) has been attained, along with the previous annual PM2.5 NAAQS of 15 J.tg/m3 (79, FR, 72999, Dec 9, 2014). However, this Supplementrelates to the mostrecent 24-hourPM2.5 NAAQS of35 J.tg/m3• Attainment ofthe 2012 annual PM2.5 NAAQS of 12 J.tg/m3 willbe addressed in the upcoming 2016 AQMP. 

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Proposal 

# J" SCAQMD staff is proposing to supplement the previous 24-hour PM2.5 SIP submittal to address Subpart 4 provisions and requirements with the following elements that are includedinthis Supplement:
• Demonstration ofattainment ofthe 24-hourPM2.5 NAAQS by 2015 with a discussion ofthe effects ofthe drought onthe attainment date as weight ofevidence;
• Provide new transportation conformity budgets for 2015;
• Updated RACMIRACT analysis;
• Demonstration ofcompliance with CAA Subpart4, Section 189(e) that applies to PM2.5 precursors, such as VOC and ammonia, and otherprecursorrequirements; and
• Updated list ofPM2.5 control measure commitments.


### Air QualityManagementPlan (AQMP) andLegal Mandates The 2012 AQMPincluded the following specific elements:
• Attainment demonstration ofthe 2006 24-hourPM2.5 NAAQS for 2014; • A RACMIRACT analysis; • 2014 transportation conformity budgets; and • Control strategy including emissionreduction commitments with adoption and '\ implementation dates.**~**

2Since the SCAQMD Board approval ofthe 2012 AQMP in December 2012 with amendments in February 2013, two PM2.5 control measures, BCM-01 (Further Reductions from Residential Wood BurningDevices) and BCM-02 (Further Reductions from Open Burning), were adopted in the form ofamendments to Rules 445 (Wood BurningDevices) and 444 (Open Burning), respectively. Together, these amendments generated a total of 11.7 tons ofPM2.5 perday reductions on an episodic basis. These emissionreductions were the only emissionreduction commitments neededinthe 2012 AQMP to meet the 2006 24-hour NAAQS in 2014. The only otheremissionreduction commitmentinthe 2012 PM2.5 SIP was control measure CMB-01 (Further NOx Reductions from RECLAIM) which was submitted as a contingency measure only. This control measure is anticipated to be considered by the SCAQMD Board in the first halfof2015. Potential Outcomes and Paths Forward Despite the 2015 attainment demonstration mentioned above, there remains considerable uncertainty in the PM2.5 monitoring results for 2014 and the meteorological conditions and frequency ofrainfall that will occur in 2015. In orderto demonstrate attainment the 98th percentile ofthe 2015 24-hr PM2.5 readings at Mira Lorna has to be significantly below the standard of35.4 ug/m3 to compensate for high exceedances causedby the drought in 2013 and 2014, achieving a 3-year average design value at or below the standard. Although additional emissions reductions are expected in 2015, attainment ofthe standard, given the variability ofweather conditions, remains far from certain. Acknowledging this uncertainty, there are several potential outcomes and pathways for the Basin's attainment status under the Clean Air Act depending on the actual certified air quality monitoring results for 2014 and 2015.

• 24-hour PM2.5 data at Mira Lorna for 2014 and 2015 is clean enough to attain the standard based on a three-year (2013-2015) average design value. The Basin could then be re-designated as attainment for this PM2.5 standard

• The three-year average design value at Mira Lorna does not show attainmentin 2015, but the 98th percentile ofthe 24-hour PM2.5 data at MiraLorna for the single year 2015 is below 35.4 f..1g/m3

. Under CAA Subpart4 provisions, ifthis air quality condition is met, and all PM2.5 SIP commitments have been satisfied, then the Basin is eligible for a one-year attainment date extension to 2016. A second one-year extension to 2017, ifthe same conditions are met in 2016, is also possible.

• The three-year average design value at Mira Lorna does not show attainment in 2015 and the 98th percentile ofthe 24-hour PM2.5 data at MiraLorna for the single year 2015 is above 35.4 f..1g/m3• Under Subpart4 ofthe CAA, upon U.S. EPA's determination that the Basin failed to attain the standardby the

3attainment date, the Basinwouldbe automatically reclassified from a "moderate" nonattainment area to a "serious" non-attainment area. The new attainment deadline wouldbe 2019, and more stringent "serious" area requirements would apply, includingrequirements to implementBestAvailable Control Measures and a lowermajor source threshold (70 tons peryear vs. the current 100 tons peryear). A full analysis for implementation ofthese requirements and other control measures to ensure attainment as expeditiously as practicable wouldbe included inthe 2016 AQMP, which is also addressing the annual PM2.5 standard. CaliforniaEnvironmental QualityAct(CEQA) SCAQMD staffconcludes thatbecause the Supplementis notproposingto add new or delete any control measures that have the potential to have a direct orindirect adverse impact onthe environmentbutmerely presents updated analyses and otherchanges that do nothave the potential to cause a direct orindirect adverse impacton the environment, the projectis exemptunder the requirements ofCEQA, pursuantto CEQA Guidelines§ 15061(b)(3). Socioeconomic Analysis No socioeconomic impact assessment is required because theproposed amendments do not add ordelete control measures from the previously adopted 2012 AQMP, therefore do not "significantly affect air quality oremissions limitations." (Health & Safety Code Section40440.8(a)).
Resource Impacts The action would beimplementedusing existing staffresources committed for the 2012 AQMP implementation and is not expected to impose any significantburden. Attachments A. Resolution B. Supplementto 24-hour PM2.5 State Implementation Plan (SIP) for South CoastAir Basin C. CEQA Notice ofExemption

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### ATTACHMENTA RESOLUTION NO. 15-3
A Resolution of the South Coast Air Quality Management District Governing Board (SCAQMD) Governing Board approving the Supplement to the 24-hour PM2.5 State Implementation Plan (SIP) for the South Coast Air Basin and Submittal into the SIP. A Resolution of the SCAQMD determining that the Supplement to the 24-hour PM2.5 SIP for the South Coast Air Basin is exempt from the requirements ofthe California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA). WHEREAS, the 2012 Air Quality Management Plan (AQMP) was designed to address the PM2.5 SIP requirements ofthe federal Clean Air Act for the South Coast Air Basin (Los Angeles County, Orange County, Riverside and San Bernardino County); and WHEREAS, the 2012 AQMP was approved by the SCAQMD Governing Board in December 2012 and AQMP amendments approved in February 2013, then subsequently submitted to the California Air Resources Board (CARB) and the U.S. Environmental ProtectionAgency (U.S. EPA) for inclusion into the SIP; and WHEREAS, due to a recent court decision, approval of the 24-hour PM2.5 portion of the 2012 AQMP is now subject to Clean Air Act (CAA) Subpart 4 requirements that provide for attainment of2006 24-hour PM2.5 National Ambient Air Quality Standard (NAAQS) (35 Jlg/m3) 

### by 2015, one year later than the attainment year in the 2012 AQMP; and WHEREAS, the CAA Subpart 4 Section 189(e) necessitates that control requirements applicable for major PM2.5 sources shall also apply to major sources of PM2.5 precursors unless those sources do not contribute significantly to nonattainment; and WHEREAS, the ambient air quality data suggests that meeting the 2006 24-hour PM2.5 NAAQS by the end of 2014 is not likely, largely due to unusually extreme drought conditions in the Basin; and WHEREAS, the purpose ofthis Supplement to the 24-hour PM2.5 SIP for the South Coast Air Basin (Supplement) is to demonstrate attainment ofthe 2006 24-hour PM2.5 NAAQS by 2015 under CAA Subpart 4 as well as provide new transportation conformity budgets, updated analysis of Reasonably Available Control Measures (RACM)/ Reasonably Available Control Technology (RACT), updated control measure

### commitments from those submitted in the 2012 AQMP, and demonstrate compliance with other Subpart4 requirements; and WHEREAS, the Supplementincludes commitments for control measures that do not have quantified emission reductions but provide a strengthening ofthe SIP, such as measures for further study that do not contribute to the attainment demonstration and a measure designed to ensure emission reductions assumed to occur will in fact occur; and WHEREAS, the SCAQMD staff concludes that the project is exempt from CEQA because the Supplement is not proposing to add new or delete any control measures that have the potential to have a direct or indirect adverse impact on the environment but merely presents updated analyses and other changes that do not have the potential to cause a direct or indirect adverse impact onthe environment; and WHEREAS, the SCAQMD Governing Board has determined that no socioeconomic impactwill result from the Supplement; and WHEREAS, public hearings in each affected county have been properly noticed by providing a 45-day notice in the newspapers in accordance with Health & Safety Code§ 40466; and WHEREAS, the SCAQMD Governing Board has held a final public hearing to consider approval ofthe Supplementin accordance with all provisions oflaw; and WHEREAS, the SCAQMD specifies the manager of the Supplement as the custodian of the documents or other materials which constitute the record of proceedings upon which the approval is based, which are located at the South Coast Air Quality ManagementDistrict, 21865 Copley Drive, DiamondBar, California. NOW, THEREFORE, BE IT RESOLVED, that the SCAQMD Governing Board does hereby determine that the Supplement to the 24-hour PM2.5 SIP for the South Coast Air Basin, Attachment B to the Board Letter, is exempt from the requirements ofCEQA.
BE IT FURTHER RESOLVED, that the SCAQMD Governing Board does hereby approve, pursuantto the authority granted by law, the Supplementto the 24-hour PM2.5 SIP for the South Coast Air Basin, Attachment B to the Board Letter, and incorporated herein by this reference.
BE IT FURTHER RESOLVED, that the SCAQMD staffis hereby directed to take action in accordance with the updated 2012 SIP emission reduction commitments

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### to attain the 24-hour PM2.5 NAAQS listed in Table F-1 of Attachment F to the Supplement, and incorporatedherein by this reference. BE IT FURTHER RESOLVED, that the SCAQMD Executive Officer is hereby directed to forward a copy ofthis Resolution and Supplement to the 24-hour PM2.5 SIP for the South Coast AirBasin to CARB, and to request that these documents be forwarded to the U.S. EPA for approval as part oftheCalifornia SIP. In addition, the SCAQMD Executive Officer is directed to forward any other information requested by the U.S. EPA for informational purposes. Attachment

AYES: Antonovich, B. Benoit, J.Benoit, Burke, Cacciotti, Mitchell, Nelson, Parker, Rutherford, and Yates. NOES: Lyou. ABSENT: Buscaino and Pulido.

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