im 

FOREST SURVEY RELEASE NO. 24 

SOUTHERN PULPWOOD PRODUCTION 

AND THE 

TIMBER SUPPLY 

by 

James W. Cruikshonk, Chief 

Division of Forest Economics 

FEBRUARY 15, 194' 

SOUTHEASTERN FOREST EXPERIMENT STATION 

ASHEVILLE, NORTH CAROLINA 

I.T. HAIG, Director 
PREFACE -- 

Through the McSweeny-McNary Act of 1928, Congress authorized the 

Secretary of Agric~lture to coaduct a comprehensive survey of the forest 

resources of the United States. The Forest Survey was organized by the 

Forest Service to carry out the provisions oi the Act, and each of the 

eleven Regional Forest Experiment Stations is responsible far the work 

in its territory. In the Middle Atlantic States the Forest Survey is an 

activity of the Southeastern Forest Experiment Station, Asheville, North 

Carolina. 

The work of the S.wvey is divided into five w jor phases: 

1. Inventory. Determination of the extent, location, and condition of forest lands, and the quantity, qecies, and quality 

of timber on these lands. 

2. Growth. Detemination of the current rate of tiier gmwih. 

3. Drain. Detenination of the mount of industrial and domestic 

wood used, and the total loss resulting from fire, insects, 

disease, suppression, and other causes. 

4. Requirements. Determination of the current and probable future 

requirements for forest products by all classes of consumers. 

5. micies and plans. Analysis of the relation of these findirgs 

to one another an3 to other economic factors as a basis for 

public and private policies and plans of forest land use and 

management . 

This progress report examines the timber resources of the South 

from the viewpoint of the rapidly expanding pulp and paper inhs try, calls 

attention to the steady decline in wlm of southern pines, which are at 

present the principal pulping species, and suggests measures for bringing 

wood supplies and requirements into balance. 
S3UTHEmJ PULPWOOD PRGDUCTION AN9 THE TIMBER u~ S'JPPL&/ 

The soatheran pip and paper ind~stry is agai-n on the ,ml.ch. 

Practically as soon as the mr mas over several plants stated expansion pro,--.anis, ,and const~.iction Wis started on a number of new dlls. 

Inveszigations and sArvegrs now under w:~? also indicate that additional 

new pip and paper mills czn be expected to locate fn the South 5n the 

near fuLn re. This i.s not ~exs to you members of the industry, but it 

does paint, :ip the naed for a re-iem of the Sovkhl's timber supply fn order to see if annual yields of mod are large enough LO meet present requirzments and at the sam tine ailow for some new plant capacity. Also, 

since the '(.iflher 1arid.s of the South are gromiqy much less wood than they 

are capable r,f pxdaeing, it shodd be worthwhile tc consider brief3.y 

some of the -2.uses of lev production tn~! yields that aht be attain.-. 

able mder gaod fares-c. practf ces, 

PULPWOOD PZCDUCTION 

Sef~re discxlssing the 1.2mber sup?Sy situation , I would like to 

briefly review Cne st_ai?~.s of the pulp izdustry in the South, with par 

ticular emphasis upor, 'its present arid keeats future needs for pulpwood. In l9iib there were 50 mood-pulp .dlls in +he Soath dth a total 

daCLy- capacity or" abolit l6:200 tons of pulp, abcut one--half the total 

U. S. pulpmill capecit,y. Slightly over 80 percent of this capacity was 

utilized fsr the pro&~?ticn of haft pulp, about 13 percent for grou~d 

mood, arxl the rerainlng l0percer.-k for sed-chenical, ssda, and sulphite 

fiber. Since l7L6 at Least ten con;?al?ies hve undertaken expansion progr2m.s designes increase gciduction at over one- fsurth of tne pulpills. 

Presented at the meeting of the Scuzherri hzlpwood Conservat,fon 

P.ssocia%ien, Atlanta, Ga. , Jan. 28, i948. 

21 Chief, D-Lvision cf Forest ECOTIO~~CS, Souitheastern Forest &- 

pel?i~en% Station. 
It is difficult to agpraise accurately the net effect of these expansions 

in terms of increased capacity, hut it is probably safe to say they approximate four or five large new mills. In the same period, construction 

has started, or is definitely planned, on seven new mills (fig. 1), one 

of which will produce newsprint, two building board, and the rest krafr. 

products. 

DISTRIBUTION AND TYPES OF PULP MILLS IN THE SOUTH 

-- - A 

Figure 1 
Even before this general postwar expansion, pulpwood production in the South 

had been gradually increasing. In 1940 

total production amounted to 6.3 million 1 MISSISSIPP cords, but in spite of occasional setbacks 

N~ C4RO IN& produced wzs cut in these latteE fbur states 

TLX~S with three of them yielding over one million 

cords each. (fig. 2). &MANSAS 

TENNESSEE 

- NUMSIeF ant Estimates of 1947 pulpwood production "0li'"i 0' roR"s 3 OK AHOMb 1 Nrg 

nine c l o s e l y a r e not months approach available, indicate that but that of reports 1946. production for In1948 the should first and 

Figure 2 1949 requirements for pulpwood will gradually increase as expansion programs are completed and new mills come into 

production. The additional amount of wood needed cannot be estimated precisely, b~t on the basis of increased capacity so far announced it appears 

that expansions in present mills vill require about 1.3 million cords and 

new mills will need about 1.2 million cords, ir both cases chiefly pine 

timber, Thus, by 1950 total pulpwood production in the South can be expected to exceed 11 million cords annually. This is nearly a 30-percent 

increase abdve 1946 and new mills, as yet unannounced, may cause further 

increases. 

50 C4ROLNh 12 I- YlRGNb iEET e61 

l ioU1slUNil - 57 

I hLhB1'MA 

The impact of this increased production will be greatest on the forests of the Southeast, as six of the seven new plants now under construction will draw wood from South Carolina, Georgia, Florida, or Alabama, 

Also, about 40 percent of zhe wood requirements for the increased capacity 

now being added to existing plants will come from this saw general area, 

Without question this will greatly intensify competition for pulpwood along 

the coast of South Carolina and Georgia, 2nd in northeast Florida where the 

annual cut of pulpwood alone now approximates one-tenth mrd per acre of 

comnercial forest. 

in certain war years it rose to 8.8 million 

cords by 1946, an increase of 40 percent. 

The proportionate increase was greatest in 

Texas where production was increased from 

262,000 cords in 1940 to 616,000 in 1946, 

but Mississippi, Alabama, Georgia, and 

South Carolina also experienced rapid 

gains. Almost one-half of the oul~wsod 

It appears, therefore, that the demand for pulpwood can be expected 

to increase markedly during the next few years and this demand will be 

largely concentrated in the Southeast, Also, there is a strong possibility 

tbt additional pulpmills may be established in this and other prts of the 

south that will further increase the consumption of pulpwoad, Inasmuch as 

these new requirements will generally be superfmposed upon the timber needs 

of the lumber and other wood-using industries, the question of the adequacy 

of the South's timber supply assumes real importance. 
THE TIMBER SUPPLY 

)NO GdROLN4 

LOUISIANA 

, UISIISSIPP, 

i"lRGINIO 

I 

Figure 3 

OWNERSHIP OF COMMERCIAL FOREST 

LAND IN TtlE SOUTk, '944 

Figure 4 

The timber supply upon which your 

industry depends is distributed rather 

thinly over 183 million acres, which is 

56 percent of the land area in the South. 

No state, with the exception of Texas and 

Oklahoma, has less than 40 percenL of its 

area in commercial forest, and Florida has 

over 60 percent. Every state except Oklahoma has over 10 million acres of comr 

cia1 forest land, and Florida and Georgia 

each has over 20 million (fig. 3). 

Among the major forest regions of 

the nation only two, the Central States 

and New England, exceed the South in the 

proportion of commercial forest land held 

in private ownership. Some 69 nullion 

acres are on farms, nearly 8 million are 

owned by the pulp and paper industry, and 

about 90 million are in other classes of 

industrial and psvate ownership. Only 

9 percent is in public ownership (fig. 41, 

and 10 of these sixkeen rniliion aeres are 

in National Forests. Privately-owned timber lands are, therefore. your major 

source of wood, but the point to remember 

is that nearly three-fourths of the private forest land is held by 1.6 million 

small owners in tracts averaging only 70 

to 75 acres in size. Since there is relatively little intensive forest mragement on these small properties, timber 

yields over much of the South are unnecessarily low, 

So far, we have said little about 

the characteristics of the timber resources of the South? so let us consider 

briefly the kinds of timber and their general location. Bordering the Atlantic and 

Gulf coasts from South Carolina to east 

Texas is the longleaf-slash pine forest of 
Figure 5 

the flat coastalplain (fig. 5). It occupies nearly 35 million acres, 

two-thirds of which are in Florida and South Georgia. Loblolly pine is 

the leading species on the coastal plain of the Carolinas dnd Virginia, 

with shortleaf pine the dominant tree farther inland on the Piedmont, 

Virginia pine mingles with hardm ods in the eastern foothills of the 

Appalachians and forms a belt across Virginia and the Carolinas which 

extends on into North Georgia and Alabama. The rolling hills of Georgia, Alabama, Mississippi. Louisiana, and Texas are clothed aith a 

mixed loblolly- shortleaf-hardwo od fo rest,. Loblolly pine in mixture 

with hardwoods is prevalent in southwest Arkansas, but in the mountainous part of the state tt Ls replaced by shortleaf. Teraessee is 
chiefly a hardwood state, although a narrow belt of pine extends along the 

western edge of the Appalachians fntc Kentucky. All together there are 

nearly 70 million acres of this lobloUy-shortleaf-hardwood forest. Less 

important from a pulpwood standpoint a r e t h e Appalachian hardwoods, the 

scattered stands of upland hardwoods intermixed with pine, the bottomland 

hardwoods along the major rivers, and the Delta hardwoods of the Mississippi flood plain. 

The present condition of the timber 

I land is growiqg scarcely any timber. 

putt in^ this land back into timber proGLASS OF TIMBER ON FOREST 

N,,&,ni*i 'A,2 MTI,oNq (I/ aceti 

- 

Figure 6 duction will go a long way toward providing the wood needed by eqanding 

industries. The need is prticularly acute in Florida, where 43 percent 

of the forest land is in tnfs condition. 

stands reflects a history of inadequate 

cuttirg practices balanced in part by the 

Southfs natural advantages in climate and 

soil, which stimulates the reproduct ion 

and growth of trees. Second-growth saw 

timber and pole timber have restocked 128 

million acres (70 percent) of the forest 

land, but probably not over one-fourth of 

these stands are fully stocked. Seedling 

and sapling stands with more than 40 percent stocking occupy 23 million acres 

(fig. 6), but there are an additional 33 

nkilion acres tll'at are either denuded or 

bear Less than a &@percent stockfng of 

young trees. Thus, at the present time 

about X8 percent of the South's forest 

For the South as a *ole, the average stand per acre of all sound 

trees 5.0 inches d.b.h. and larger is about 4.5 s~andard cords of pine 

and 6.0 cords of hardwood. Florida, wizh its large area of poorlystocked timberlands, has only 2.7 cords of pine per average acTe, while 

east Texas leads with slightly over 8. 

LAND IN THE SOUTH, 1944 1 fire protection and poor or destructive 
The tctal stand of all species 

amgunts to 1"s billion cords. Softwoods, 

chiefly the southern yellow pines, total --. ~ v 

I 833 million cords, nearly one-half lob-. 

1oll.v uhe (fig. 71. The 1.1 billion 

RLO OAKS 

SHORTLEAF PlNL - ~28 

cords bf hard&ods7run heavily to the 

smaller-sized trees, as hardwood saw timber totals only 144 billion board feet 1 SWEETGUM 1 compared to 194 billion board feet of 

1 lHlTi OAKS 

IUPELO, BLACK GUM 

LONiLLdi PINE 

"ELLOW-POPLAR 

ILbSH PINE 

/ BLECH,BIRCH,MIPUI m7n 

CYPRESS 12- M","BiiC ax* 

N' ll0NS Or ;"#"5 

pine, A large part of the hardwood volume is in the various species of oak 

which are not generally favored as pulping woods. However, almost one-third is 

sweetgum, blackgum, and tupelo - species 

which tre used to a small extent in many 

southern pulpmills and which have a total 

volume greater than the combined volume of 

shortleaf and longleaf pine. 

Figure 7 ample to support all present industries 

ard those foreseeable in the near future. 

I am sure you all realize, however, thzt industry, to be permanent, must 

depend upon the annual growth of wood, and at the present time this is 

only 50 ,million cords of softwoods and L+f, million cords of hardwoods, 

Thus, in the South as a ahole, the forests are growing about one-half 

cord per average acre per year, but only one-quarter of a cord of the 

desired softwoods. For comparison, you will recall I mentioned earlier 

that in prts of the Southeast the ann~xal c~t of pine pulpwood alone is 

one-tenth cord per acre per year. 

1- ALL OTHERS 

This leads us to a consideration of timber drain, i.e., the amount 

of timber that is lost each year throagh such destructive agencies as 

fire, insects, disease, and windstorms, and the mount that is cut for conversion into useful products, The first of these, the wood lost through 

mortality, amounts to 13 million cords annually and could be largely eliminated mder ktensive forestry practices, Efforts to elimirate a large 

proportion of this loss justify considera.ble o.atlay, as the volume now 

lost each Far is nearly 50 percent more tmn the 1946 cut of pulpmod. 

To the uninitiated, a wood resource 

The amount of timber cut for the various forest products has kept 

pace with the growth of our second-grcmth forests and in sow areas'has 

esceeded it. It is true that a considerable number of large sawmills 

have closed down in recent years, but their place has usually been taken 

by numerous portable mills. In 1946, for exaqle, we found 30 percent 

more samills in four states of the Southeast thn in 1942, and North 

Carolina alone contained over five thousand samills, There are indications tht the cut of fuelwood is decreasing as home-owners and tobacco 

growers convert to coal and gas and as greater use is made of sawmill 

waste. 

of nearly two billion cords might seem 
Meanwhile pulpwood production eikbs and o',:ker prodxts are being 

produced in increasing quantities. This is as it should be, for the timber resource of the South is one of its greatest raw ma~erials. but care 

must be taken not rn kill the goose 

L - J 

Figure 8 Although growth and drain 

of the total growing s-Lock were in 

approximate balance in 1944, the situation is not ent,ireiy favorabie for 

your industry. Both softwood and hardwood saw timber decreased over two 

billion board feet in 19U (fig, 9), and dth declining sripplies of suitable saw timber the small portable mills b-tensify their competition for 

six- and eight-inch trees. Also, drain on the entire softwood growing 

stock was 2.6 fillion cords (fig. 10) greater than growth? while hardwood 

drain was 1.8 dllion cords Less than growth" Since these diffe~ences represent the trend for at least the past decade, the effect is tc bitild up 

the quantity of small hardwoods and redu.ce the -mlume of so ftwoods -- the 

species upon which you pretty largely depend. 

DRAIN WOM ALL TIMBER IN THE SOUTH, I944 

LUMBER 

~ULLWOOD 

. 

PULPWOOD 

IIES,VENCLR,PI: - 

m WU.~.~ ..- P.o.... 

SOST- HbRD- &LL I WOL-US WOODS SPECIES 

that lays the golden egg. In 1944, 

the last year for which complete 

records are avaiiable, the total 

amount of wood cut fmm southern 

forests mounted to 46 million 

cords of softwoods and 36 million 

cords of hardmods, Thus, the 

total drain upon the forests was 

95 million cords, or about one 

million more than the growth. 

Figure 10 

/ FIRE,DISLDSF,CI~ It was distributed by causes as 

1 1 shorn in figure 8. 

GROWTH AN3 DRA!N OF 54W i!MSfP 

IN THE SOGTH, I9"4 . 

WOODS WOODS SPECIES 

Figure 9 
RELATION OF ANNUAL GROWTH TO DRAIN 

I 

L-- 

Figure 11 

RELATION OF ANNUAL GROWTH TO DRAIN 

SOUTHEASTERN REGION, 1944 

1 

Figure 12 

There are differences, of course, withb the various regions of 

the South. The South Atlantic region (fig, li)? composed of tkke Carolinas and Virginia, follows the South-wide t~end with softwood drain 

slightly exceeding growth and hardwood drain 3,5 n~illLon ccrds less than 

growth. In the Southeastern region (fig. 12): softwood d-ain was 4.5 

million cords more than growth, butthe hardwoods were in balan~e, Tne 

general trend is reversed in +,he west Gulf region (fig. 13) ,, where softwood growth exceeded <rain by 2.7 

RELATION OF ANNUAL GROWTH TO DRAIN 

WEST GULF REGION, 1944 

,5.2 

SOFT- HbRDWOODS WWOS 

I / of our states except Tennessee. 

million cords in l5h.4 and hard-- 

wood drain exceeded growth. 

So far, this discussion 

of gnwth and drain hs been based 

largely upon the changes in one 

gear. What has hzppened over a 

longer period? Tne original Forest Survey provided us ~5th estimates of timber vo2unes in all 

o<r ulon Cord' The date of these state surveys 

varies from 1932 in Mississippi 

Figure 13 to 1940 in Virginia. In 1945 

the Forest Service, in cooperation ocit,h the American Forestry Association and State Forestry agencies, 

completed another extensive check of the tinioer resowces of the Soui;h. 

This survey admittedly does not compa.re in accuracy with the original 

Forest Survey, but it does furnish an indication of trends that are enlightening. For instance, the total pine-growing stock has decreased 
Q &..MA 

DECREASE I NO ChROLNA 

110 CdROLiNn 

/NCREASE 

&R*nMZas 

"I,,,,,, ffgg n,e 

P*,cs", 

TEXAS 

Figure 11, 

ESTIMATED CHANGE IN TOTAL LlARDWWD Ml L CYPRESS GfiOWlNG STOCK SINCE ORlGINAL WWEY 

.- 

FLORtOA 

DECREASE 

ARldNSAS 

TCXA, 

INCREASE 

LOU1514NA 

VIRGINIA I YISSISSIPPI 

#"m*s,s or* 

PC,CC", 

ALIBAMI I 

in.a-U but three stetes, with Florida experiencing the largest reduction (fig. 14). 

Mississippi also has suffered a noticeable 

decline in pine timber. East Texas bears 

out predictions mde at the time of the 

original survey and now has nearly twenty 

percent more pine, despite the addition of 

two large pulpmills in the meantime. 

In the case of the hardwoods and cypress, the situation is practically reversed. 

Only four states have experimced a reduction in volume, with the major loss occurring in Oklahoma (fig. 15). Increases in 

the other states range up to 15 percent 

in Alabam . 

Regional and state analyses fail to 

point up local situations that are really 

the major interest of a11 of you. I will 

not touch upon these except LO give you the 

preliminary results of :he resurvey the 

Forest Survey has just completed in a group 

of nine coastal counties in South Carolina , extending from Savannah to Gargetown. 

This area was surveyed originally about 

twelve years ago, and dulSng that period 

the volume in pine trees 5.0 inches d.b.h. 

and larger has decreased about 10 percent, 

while that in hardwoods and cypress has 

increased about 15 percent. Saw timber 

of all species has decreased. This exemplifies the timber situation in the 

South today; a fairly consistent decline 

in the volume of trees of saw-timber size 

and in pine trees of all merchantable 

sizes; a mrked rise in the wlume of 

mall hardwoods. 

Figure 15 
In view of the present shuation is it reasonable tc assume that 

the South car. scppori additional forest ind-;.sfrial capacity? I believe 

it is, providing we recognize the problems so be overcome and take aggressive action to solve them, 

The most difficult period confrcn'dng xs is in the immediate 

years ahead, as total drain now exceeds growth and wood requirements 

are increasing. In the face of this we need to increase the gmwth, 

and this can be done only through the slow process of building 72p our 

timber stands, Thus, me are eazght between tm hcrns of a dilemma; on 

the one hand cut more timber to supply industry, on the other leave more 

to grow. 

There is no entirely satisfactory sol'isien to %is : b-~t there 

should be no argument that we need to begin fwnedia;ely a mvch more 

widespread application of better forsstry practices , including prober;- 

tion, +&innings, selective zutting, and planting, Res~lks~ in. the form 

of larger yields of timber, wili be relatively slow, so there is need 

for other measures that will help to t,Fde us over the next few decades. 

These might i?clude reducirg rhs ~cl,~e lcst thlm-igh riorte1it.y by 

more intensive pro;ection and c.~~"ifng practic;~!; *,2t, wo~dd s?Js;age trees 

killed as a resul: of fire, &nd, ir.ss:t;s, disnase, ol- s:ppressicn. intensive efforts along this li~e rr-igyrit resuLv b. sax-Lx t.en percent, or 

i ,3 aillion cords , of the wood now icst each yea?, Sec~ndly, these are 

at least 309 rr5:lion ccrds of sound wood 

/COMPARISON BETWEEN PRESENT FOREST SITUATIONI in zull. trens~ ~f ~CLV 3 xreent of this 

I AND FUTURE P0SSIBILITIES FOR THE SOUTH / 

,m840~ 

9m820. 

,#D. 

PRESENT NOR1 TERM L(HG TERN 

"-a 

were cut each year, L: mcdd amount to 9 

rdllion cords. Part of Lhe plne and gum 

could be :s5d fc,:. p1~woodl but if necessarr ail of it cocld be c-2.t. %-LC. fuelwood, zks ~ecksirg Lhe 30--ullion--.cord 

annual. flselmod drain on somd trees.. 

A third scwce r;f mod lies in reducing 

and mkkg more ef%e?tve use cf logging 

and mnufacturirg waste that amounts to 

Yle equeralent oi 26 mZliior. cords annually. i)bviously, it is impossible to 

utilize a.U cf thhis, kt if cnly 10 per-- 

cent were saved, we m~Gd have 2.6 million cords more wood. The ne: effect of 

these savings muld be to elfminate the 

present dra.in deficit and inmzrease our 

wo:~d s~p~ly by 12 million cords annually 

Figure 16 (fig. 162, 
If these rneasures were put into effect, they muld reduce the 

pressure upon the existing sound-tree growing stock and allow the South 

time to increase the timber growth substantially by a widespread application of good forestry practices. Most of you are familiar with the job 

to be done. It includes bringing on-the-ground assistance to the 1.6 

million swill forest owners, establishment of adequate fire protection 

(at present one-half of the forest land receives either poor protection 

or none), reducing the eight-million-cord annual loss due to insects and 

disease, planting some part of the 33 million acres now poorly stocked 

or denuded, and general adoption of conservative cutting practices on 

that 60 percent of all land which is now subject to poor or destructive 

cutting. It is estimated that within 50 years measures such as these 

would increase the annual yield to 150 million cords, providing a surplus for expansion of nearly 70 million cords. Surely such a goal is 

worth striving for. 
- - Fcresf S112ve~r ii helS1-,?9S 

]Uo , 1 - F.- .c a -A - -- .. -,.. ,. Reso~jrce.; of the NorYbern Coastal Rain of south Caro?ina ... lu-?? - -?,- 

, a 2 - F::rest Zzso:rces 31" the F:edmont R?gf cn of South Ca?c lina , ~y;~~, 

;j, " -. 

. 3 -- icres~ R~s03xces of the Sou-k,!iern Ccastal Plain of Scutb. Cwolfna. 153: 

No, 4 - Forest 3-a~-ces of '~'ne Southerfi Ccasfal Plz&n of Ncl-??. hrolil;a, 

. - :JD. 5 . A -.'-rej: .ieso~?~ces of the NorYnerr, Coastal Piain of Xcl-zh CarolL~a. 1$4:3 

,"a. 6 - Forest Resourcel: o! the Pie.hon% Region of North Ca-o?.ira, l9&% 

Nc. 7 -- Porest, Resources of the Mo.anta.fn Region of North Carslha, liLl 

". No. 8 .- me Distributii:n r;f Cc:imerclai Zo;.est Trees ia North Cas3lb.a. i9il 

No. 9 171e Distribijtion 01 Ccmmercial Forest Trees k Soiith C,.j-olina l.sLi 

" ~ No, 10 . me Dii-tp!-bu%f;n of Ccrmercki Fc-r.+c;-t T:%es Ln iftrglnla, 1942 

No. ll - Virgiria 5 Forests* 1942 

xo, 12 . . ~j,~ -., F~~~,+. - s,:'. -+inn in th? Cossf;al P:t.in 0.8 Virginia. 1913 

. . I 1 The Pcresk Isit;at,ion ir Pie%?lonb 'GTirgmi?,- 1943 

No . lL .. €:-elirdna,-3i ZstLmt,e 02 :.oh2 Li:& PIP P~m 2:iction in the Cam I?%a s , Vkginia, WnsL ;i?c$nia, ilent;cky2 an2 Tennsssee.. 1943 

No., 15 -. Fares, Situation in the Nozntain Regior, of Vii-gLnia, 1943 

Nc -. 16 -- W&:rti,?le Lwaer Frod;;ction in the Appalrchian Xardvcod Regior 

;xilary 1442--June 1'544. l94L 

li -- l,V(;o2 Wacte h:ali&ble for Ccr,:isrslon t; Et.ky1 Alsc~hcl Lq Lqe Cziu~b4a 

Are; of Scuth Caroli??. , lgLi 

No, I8 North Carzlins. Forest Growth and Dr;ln.+ 2937-1943 ,3 lN.5 

No. 19 - ApproS.m te Foresi: Area and Tirdoer Vohne by County in me 2ar-ij.ras 

and Virginia .. 1945 

No, 20 . South Camlina For-:ii Grovrb!: ahu Dmin, 1-936-19Y.3. 1945 

Ijo , 21 - 1945 PLI? pwnod Prcduction tj- County in G-le Carolira s and Vlrgicia . 1946 

No. 22 -. Siuthem Forests as a Sou-ce of Puipmod. 1947 

No. 23 1946 PliLpmood Production by Colx,-t,y in the Southeast. 1947 

USDA K5scellaneou~~u~lic ations 

Ns. 533 - North Carolina Forest Reso-mces and Indu~ustries. 19A4 

No .552 - S.>ut,h Camlina Forest Resources m.d Ir;dus?ries a I?L&