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Table 1 

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New Rail Line Construction

Alternative Alternative C Phiney Flats Length 263.8 miles of new construction. 10.3 miles of new construction 14.7 miles or neAction Construction Operation Construction Operation Construction GEOLOGYUnique Geological Formations

Lance Formation in project area. 

No impacts expected. No impacts expected. No impacts expected. No impacts exp

Geological Hazards Potential for slumping 

and landsliding in susceptible areas. Cheyenne River slope reshaping and river bank stabilization. 

Potential for landslides  confined to steep slopes of Pierre Shale and Fort Union formations adjacent to the Cheyenne River, approximately 2,390.3 acres. 

Approximately 1.7 miles of Pierre Shale and Fort Union formations crossed. Approximately 82 acres of soil with high slump/ landslide potential converted to rail line right-of-way. 

Landslide and slump susceptibility would be high in areas containing steep slopes and along the Cheyenne River.

Approximately miles of Pierre and Fort Union formations crosApproximately acres of soil wislump/ landslidpotential converail line right-o

Soil Impacts Approximately 

12,790.3 acres of soil converted to rail line right-of-way due to new build and approximately 194 acres parallel to an existing rail line. Disturbance could result in erosion, soil compaction, and soil 

Contamination from fuel and lubricants in the unlikely event of an accidental spill or derailment. 

Disturbance of 499.4 acres of soil. Loss of topsoil, sedimentation, and erosion. Accidental spills could cause contamination of soils. Approximately 174.5 acres of prime farmland lost. 

Contamination could occur in the unlikely event of an accidental spill or derailment. 

Disturbance of acres of soil. Approximately acres of prime flost. Potential contamination ievent of an accispill. 
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Table 1 

Summary of the Environmental Impacts of the Proposed Project 

New Rail Line Construction

Alternative Alternative C Phiney Flats Length 263.8 miles of new construction. 10.3 miles of new construction 14.7 miles or neAction Construction Operation Construction Operation Construction 

loss. Conversion of approximately 1,071.5 acres of prime farmland to rail line right-of-way. 

Paleontogical Resources 

Approximately 1,837.6 acres of PFYC rating 5 formations, including 116.4 acres of Thunder Basin SIA, and approximately 10,176.9 acres of PFYC rating 3 formations included in right-of-way. Resources and scientific information may be acquired due to project construction activity. Possible loss of resources on private lands and inadvertent destruction of resources project wide. 

No impacts expected. Approximately 247 

acres of PFYC rating 5 formations would be crossed and converted to rail line right-ofway. Any resources located within the proposed right-of-way may be recovered and scientific information acquired. Possible loss of resources due to inadvertent discovery. 

No impacts expected. Approximately 

acres of PFYC formations crosResources and information maacquired during construction acPossible loss of resources due to inadvertent disc

LAND USE
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New Rail Line Construction

Alternative Alternative C Phiney Flats Length 263.8 miles of new construction. 10.3 miles of new construction 14.7 miles or neAction Construction Operation Construction Operation Construction Agriculture Approximately 207.0 

miles, 9,568.9 acres, of rangeland converted to railroad right-of-way. 56 Forest Service and 10 BLM allotments affected. Approximately 2,520.0 acres would be disturbed, resulting in the loss of 491.2 AUMs. Loss of 1,323.6 acres of cropland. Isolation of water sources, disruption of operations, reduced access to pastures. Livestock displacement, damage to improvements such as ditches, fences, and water lines which cross or are adjacent to the proposed rail line. Livestock mortality due 

Reduced access and inconvenience to farmers and ranchers. Livestock mortality or injury. Potential loss of vegetation due to fire. 

Approximately 223.0 acres of rangeland lost.  276 acres of cropland lost. Loss of forage, fragmentation of allotments, isolation of water resources, and disruption of operations. 

No grazing allotment would be affected. Reduced access, loss of forage, and decreased range use.

Approximately acres of rangela305.5 acres of cconverted to rairight-of-way. Lforage, fragmenpastures, isolatiwater resourcesdisruption of operations. 
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Table 1 

Summary of the Environmental Impacts of the Proposed Project 

New Rail Line Construction

Alternative Alternative C Phiney Flats Length 263.8 miles of new construction. 10.3 miles of new construction 14.7 miles or neAction Construction Operation Construction Operation Construction 

to collision with vehicles. 

Residential Approximately 14.5 

acres of residential land would be converted to rail line right-of-way. Eight residences located within 500 feet of the proposed rail line may require relocation. Increased noise, dust, traffic congestion, and reduced safety. Inconvenience due to ground disturbance. Vehicle delays. 

Noise disturbance due to rail traffic. Vehicle delays. Adjacent properties may be affected by vibrations. 

No impacts expected. No impacts expected. No impacts exp

Business and Industrial 

No impacts expected. No impacts expected. No impacts expected. No impacts expected. No impacts exp

Minerals and Mining 

Market for local materials. No land crossed. 

Additional rail access to PRB mines. 

May increase demand for suitable materials. 

Facilitate project providing additional access to PRB coal. 

No impacts exp

FEDERAL LANDS 
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Table 1 

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New Rail Line Construction

Alternative Alternative C Phiney Flats Length 263.8 miles of new construction. 10.3 miles of new construction 14.7 miles or neAction Construction Operation Construction Operation Construction Forest Service Lands 

38.9 miles of USFS land crossed. Approximately 1,886.1 acres converted to rail line right-of-way. Semi-primitive motorized ROS designated lands would be crossed in the Spring Creek drainage. Noise and visual disturbance would degrade recreational experience in proximity to the proposed rail line. 

Noise impacts would degrade the wilderness qualities of the Red Shirt RARE II area and exclude it from consideration from inclusion in the National Wilderness System. 

No impacts expected. No impacts expected. No impacts exp

Bureau of Land Management 

4.9 miles of land crossed. Approximately 237.5 acres of BLM land converted to rail line right-of-way. Fragmentation of pastures, isolation of water sources and supplies, disruption of 

Disruption of livestock movement and the spread of noxious weeds. Livestock mortality or injury due to collision. 

No impacts expected. No impacts expected. No impacts exp
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Table 1 

Summary of the Environmental Impacts of the Proposed Project 

New Rail Line Construction

Alternative Alternative C Phiney Flats Length 263.8 miles of new construction. 10.3 miles of new construction 14.7 miles or neAction Construction Operation Construction Operation Construction 

operations, and reduced access. Displacement of livestock, disruption of livestock movement, and the spread of noxious weeds. Mortality or injury due to collision. 

Bureau of Reclamation 

No impacts expected. No impacts expected. No impacts expected. No impacts expected. The Angostura 

farm units crossacres converted line right-of-waPotential reductloss of irrigatioto some areas. 

Fish and Wildlife Service Lands 

No impacts expected. No impacts expected. No impacts expected. No impacts expected. No impacts exp

Reservation and Treaty Lands 

No impacts expected No impacts expected No impacts expected. No impacts expected. No impacts exp

WATER RESOURCESSurface Water 14 perennial streams 

and 520 intermittent 

Contamination due to accidental spill or 

One perennial stream and 13 intermittent 

Potential contamination in the 

2 perennial stre19 intermittent 
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New Rail Line Construction

Alternative Alternative C Phiney Flats Length 263.8 miles of new construction. 10.3 miles of new construction 14.7 miles or neAction Construction Operation Construction Operation Construction 

streams crossed. 20.8 miles within 500 feet of the Cheyenne River. Stream bank modification and channelization, changing hydrology. Vegetation removal, erosion, increased sedimentation and degraded water quality. Potential loss of habitat for some species. 

derailment. streams crossed. 

Stream bank modifications, channelization, potential stream flow increases, and decreased water quality. Sedimentation, increased erosion, TSS increase, and loss of habitat and food resources. Changes in drainage patterns and water availability. 

event of an accidental spill or derailment. 

crossed. Stream modification anchannelization. Erosion, sedimechanges in watequality. 

Wetlands Loss of approximately 

62.2 acres of wetlands: approximately 39.2 acres of emergent; 18.9 acres of aquatic bed; 2.9 acres of unconsolidated bottom; 1.2 acres of scrub/shrub and forested. Adjacent wetlands may 

 Permanent loss of adjacent wetlands could result due to changes in hydrology.  Possible reestablishment of wetlands in some areas. 

Approximately 1.0 acres of emergent wetland would be converted to rail line right-of-way. Sedimentation and changes in hydrology could affect adjacent wetland areas. 

Reestablishment of wetlands could occur in some areas along the proposed rail line right-of-way. Changes in hydrology could affect adjacent wetland areas. 

Approximately acres of emerge0.2 acres of shrwetlands converail line right-oAdjacent wetlanexperience sedimentation, in hydrology, abe disturbed du
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Table 1 

Summary of the Environmental Impacts of the Proposed Project 

New Rail Line Construction

Alternative Alternative C Phiney Flats Length 263.8 miles of new construction. 10.3 miles of new construction 14.7 miles or neAction Construction Operation Construction Operation Construction 

experience sedimentation, changes in hydrology, disturbance by construction equipment and vehicles. 

construction ac

Groundwater Potential contamination 

in the unlikely event of an accidental spill. 

Potential contamination in the unlikely event of an accidental spill or derailment. 

Potential contamination could occur in the unlikely event of an accidental spill. 

Impacts would similar to those presented for HCanyon. 

AIR QUALITYAir Quality Temporary increase of 

fugitive dust, and emissions from construction equipment and delayed vehicles. 

Emissions levels of NOx would exceed 

thresholds in 4 counties at 20 MNT;

NOx in all counties 

and CO in one county at 50 MNT; and NOx

in all counties, CO in 4 counties, and SO2 in 2 

counties at 100 MNT. 0 visual impairment 

Temporary reduction in local air quality due to construction equipment and traffic delays. 

Emissions levels for NOx would exceed 

thresholds at 50 MNT and 100 MNT operation levels. 

Temporary incrfugitive dust, anemissions from construction eqand delayed veh
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Table 1 

Summary of the Environmental Impacts of the Proposed Project 

New Rail Line Construction

Alternative Alternative C Phiney Flats Length 263.8 miles of new construction. 10.3 miles of new construction 14.7 miles or neAction Construction Operation Construction Operation Construction 

days would occur for >5% and >10% at 20MNT, 4 days at >5% and 0 days at >10% at 50 MNT, and 31 days at >5% and 4 days at >10% at 100 MNT. 

NOISE AND VIBRATION Noise Increased noise from 

construction activities. 

Noise receptors at 65 dBA:

20 MNT 

Wayside - 1 Wayside/Horn - 2 Horn - 9 

50 MNT

Wayside - 2 Wayside/Horn - 4 Horn - 15  100 MNTWayside - 7 Wayside/Horn - 7 Horn - 16 70 dBA: 

Temporary increase in local noise levels. 

Sensitive noise receptors at 65 dBA:1 at 20 MNT; 1 at 50 MNT; and 3 at 100 MNT. 70 dBA would have 1 at 100 MNT.

Increased noise construction ac
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Summary of the Environmental Impacts of the Proposed Project 

New Rail Line Construction

Alternative Alternative C Phiney Flats Length 263.8 miles of new construction. 10.3 miles of new construction 14.7 miles or neAction Construction Operation Construction Operation Construction 

 20 MNTWayside - 0 Wayside/Horn - 0 Horn - 7  50 MNTWayside - 1 Wayside/Horn - 3 Horn - 8 

100 MNT

Wayside - 1 Wayside/Horn - 4 Horn - 13 

Vibration Minor vibrations may 

be experienced during construction activities. 

Damage to 2 houses located between 0-100 feet of the proposed rail line, potential damage to 2 houses between 101-200 feet, and inconvenience to 3 houses between 201-400 feet. 

No impacts expected. No impacts expected. Minor vibratio

be experienced construction ac

BIOLOGICAL RESOURCESVegetation Loss of approximately: Noxious weeds may Approximately 223 Potential damage to Loss of approxi
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New Rail Line Construction

Alternative Alternative C Phiney Flats Length 263.8 miles of new construction. 10.3 miles of new construction 14.7 miles or neAction Construction Operation Construction Operation Construction 

10,521.2 acres of grasslands, 1,318.8 acres of cropland or pasture, 33.9 acres of deciduous woodlands, 145.4 acres of coniferous woodlands, 547.9 acres of big sagebrush shrublands, and 62.2 acres of wetlands. Possible minimal vegetation disturbance in adjacent areas. 

become established in disturbed areas. Use of herbicides could damage adjacent vegetation. Mowing and trimming may be required to control ground cover. Potential loss due to fire.

acres of grassland, 276 acres of cropland, and 1.0 acres of emergent wetland vegetation lost. Potential damage to vegetation in adjacent areas. 

adjacent vegetation in the event of an accidental spill or derailment. Introduction of noxious weeds in disturbed areas. 

412.1 acres of grasslands, 305of cropland, anacres of wetlanvegetation. Posdisturbance in aareas. 

WILDLIFEBig Game Approximately 293.7 

miles of yearlong range, 14,240.0 acres, would be crossed. Approximately 81.9 miles, 3,970.9 acres, of winter range converted to rail line right-of-way.  Mortality and injury 

Fencing may impede seasonal migration and reduce access to water.  Noise disturbance during high-stress periods. Mortality from collisions with trains. 

Disturbance from noise and human activity along approximately 10.3 miles of yearlong range and 1.6 miles of winter range for big game habitat. Loss of habitat, forage, and 

Fencing may disrupt migration patterns and seasonal use of winter ranges and territories. Reduced water access.  Mortality and injury due to collision with trains. Noise disturbance during 

Disturbance froand human actialong approxim14.0 miles of yerange and 2.0 mwinter range. Lhabitat, forage, cover areas. Mand injury due t
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Table 1 

Summary of the Environmental Impacts of the Proposed Project 

New Rail Line Construction

Alternative Alternative C Phiney Flats Length 263.8 miles of new construction. 10.3 miles of new construction 14.7 miles or neAction Construction Operation Construction Operation Construction 

may increase due to hunting, poaching, and collisions with vehicles. 

cover areas. Mortality and injury due to hunting, poaching, and collision with vehicles. 

high-stress periods. hunting, poachi

pressures, and cbetween big gavehicles. 

Upland Birds 16 grouse leks and 12 

unidentified leks within 1.0 mile. Loss of 547.9 acres of sagebrush habitat and 213.3 acres of woodlands. Noise disturbance and habitat fragmentation and loss.  Nest loss and adult mortality due construction activities. 

Noise disturbance to grouse may interfere with courtship rituals and cause habitat abandonment. Mortality due to train/bird collisions. 

3 grouse leks within 1.0 mile. Noise disturbance and habitat fragmentation. Loss of habitat. Loss of vegetation. Increased nest predation. Mortality due to collision or crushing by vehicles and machinery. 

Noise disturbance and habitat abandonment. Mortality due to train/bird collisions. 

2 grouse leks wmiles. 717.6 achabitat lost. Nodisturbance and fragmentation. grouse habitat clost. Loss of veand increased npredation. Mordue to collision crushing by vehand machinery. 

Waterfowl and Shorebirds 

11,840 acres of potential nesting habitat and 62.2 acres of wetland habitat lost. Disturbance from noise and human activity during nesting. Habitat loss, wetland loss, and 

Noise disturbance and habitat abandonment. Mortality due to train/bird collisions. 

499.4 acres of potential nesting habitat lost. Disturbance from noise and human activity, especially during nesting. Accidental spills may 

Disturbance from noise and human activity, especially during nesting. Accidental spills may adversely affect waterfowl. Mortality due to train/bird 

Loss of 717.6 agrassland and 3of wetland habiDisturbance froand human actiduring nesting. loss, wetland lonest loss. Habi
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Table 1 

Summary of the Environmental Impacts of the Proposed Project 

New Rail Line Construction

Alternative Alternative C Phiney Flats Length 263.8 miles of new construction. 10.3 miles of new construction 14.7 miles or neAction Construction Operation Construction Operation Construction 

nest loss. Habitat degradation from accidental spills. 

adversely affect waterfowl. Potential nest loss. Mortality due to collision with vehicles and machinery. 

collision. degradation fro

accidental spill

Small Game and Furbearers 

Habitat disruption, disturbance from noise and human activity. Loss of food resources in the event of an accidental spill. Mortality and injury due to vehicle movements or accidental release of petroleum products. 

Mortality from collision with trains. Reduced access to habitat. 

Mortality and injury due to hunting, poaching, and vehicle movements. Aquatic species at risk in the event of accidental release of petroleum products. 

Mortality or injury due to animal/trains collision. Railroad grade may impede movements of some species. Aquatic species at risk in the event of accidental release of petroleum products. 

Habitat disruptiDisturbance froand human actiLoss of habitat. Contamination resources in the of an accidentaMortality and indue to vehicle movements or ievent of an accirelease of petroproducts. 

Non-Game SpeciesAmphibians and Reptiles 

Loss of habitat, displacement from proposed right-of-way, 

Mortality from train operations. Some individuals would 

Loss of habitat, displacement, and mortality. 

Mortality due to animal/train collisions.  Potential habitat 

Loss of habitat, displacement, amortality. 
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Table 1 

Summary of the Environmental Impacts of the Proposed Project 

New Rail Line Construction

Alternative Alternative C Phiney Flats Length 263.8 miles of new construction. 10.3 miles of new construction 14.7 miles or neAction Construction Operation Construction Operation Construction 

and mortality. 20.8 miles within 500 feet of a perennial stream. 

return to right-of-way during operation. 

contamination in the event of an accidental spill or derailment. 

Songbirds Loss of 11.9 acres of 

woodlands, 547.9 acres of shrubland, and 5.8 acres of shrub/scrub and forested wetlands. Potential disturbance to adjacent habitat. Loss of nests. 

Revegetation would provide habitat for some species. Noise disturbance. Mortality due to collision with trains. 

No wooded habitat lost. Displacement of ground nesting species. Habitat abandonment and fragmentation. Noise disturbance. Nest loss.  Mortality due to collision with vehicles and nest disturbance. 

Revegetation would provide cover and habitat for some species. Potential loss due to collision with trains. Nest disturbance during tree trimming and right-ofway maintenance. 

Habitat destrucabandonment. Fragmentation habitats would Noise disturban

Small Mammals No impacts expected No impacts expected No impacts expected No impacts expected Disturbance fro

and human actiLoss of habitat. Mortality due to collision with machinery and 

Raptors Loss of 48.4 acres of 

woodlands. 79 nests and 58.5 miles of potential nesting habitat 

Disturbance during nesting periods due to noise impacts and human activities. 

No impacts expected. No impacts expected. Disturbance fro

and human actilead to nest abandonment. H
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Table 1 

Summary of the Environmental Impacts of the Proposed Project 

New Rail Line Construction

Alternative Alternative C Phiney Flats Length 263.8 miles of new construction. 10.3 miles of new construction 14.7 miles or neAction Construction Operation Construction Operation Construction 

within 0.5 miles. Potential nest abandonment due to noise and human disturbance. Loss of habitat. 

Mortality due to collision with trains. 

loss. 

AQUATIC AND FISHERIESAquatic and Fisheries 

206 sites within 500 feet of perennial waterways. 14 perennial and 520 intermittent streams crossed. Sedimentation, erosion, and accidental release of toxic substances could cause loss of habitat and degrade water quality. 

Potential contamination due to the accidental release of toxic substances or derailment. 

No impacts expected No impacts expected 2 perennial and 

intermittent strecrossings. Redhabitat and food resource availabWater quality degradation. Insediment and erContamination event of an accidischarge of toxcompounds in cproximity to waterways. 

Sensitive, Threatened and Endangered Species

No impacts expected No impacts expected No impacts ex
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New Rail Line Construction

Alternative Alternative C Phiney Flats Length 263.8 miles of new construction. 10.3 miles of new construction 14.7 miles or neAction Construction Operation Construction Operation Construction Black-footed Ferret No impacts expected. No impacts expected. Piping Plover and Interior Least Tern 

81.0 miles within 1.0 mile of a perennial stream. 14 perennial and 520 intermittent streams crossed. Displacment of nesting plovers and terns and nest abandonment due to noise disturbance and increased human activity. Accidental spills could cause contamination of waters and loss of food resources. 

Potential nest abandonment by due to noise disturbance and human activity. Accidental spills could cause contamination of waters and loss of food resources 

Disturbance from noise and increased human activity. Loss of food resources from sedimentation. Contamination due to accidental spills. Nest predation. Nest abandonment and failure. 

Disturbance from noise and human activity. Nest abandonment. Contamination from accidental spills could cause loss of food resources. 

No impacts exp

American Burying Beetle 1,663.0 acres of potential habitat 

converted to rail line right-of-way. Habitat may be disturbed or lost. Mortality during construction may occur.  Artificial construction 

Lighting of permanent facilities may attract beetles resulting in disorientation and mortality. 

Approximately 174.5 acres of suitable soil removed or compacted. Habitat disturbed or lost. Artificial lights may attract beetles resulting in disorientation and 

Lights may attract beetles resulting in mortality. 

Loss of approxi218.2 acres of phabitat. Artificconstruction ligattract beetles rin disorientation mortality. 
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Table 1 

Summary of the Environmental Impacts of the Proposed Project 

New Rail Line Construction

Alternative Alternative C Phiney Flats Length 263.8 miles of new construction. 10.3 miles of new construction 14.7 miles or neAction Construction Operation Construction Operation Construction 

lights may attract beetles resulting in disorientation and mortality. 

mortality. 

Ute Ladies=-tresses 

Orchid 

Loss of approximately 39.2 acres of potential habitat. 

Introduction of noxious weeds and herbicide use may eliminate or reduce existing populations. 

No impacts expected No impacts expected Potential habita

damaged or des

Bald Eagle 57.4 miles within 0.5 

miles of winter habitat. Human activity, operation of machinery, and noise disturbance may cause habitat abandonment. Removal of trees could cause loss of roosting areas. 

Noise and human activity may cause disturbance. Mortality may occur due to eagle/train collisions. 

No nests exist along this alternative. No potential habitat crossed. 

Suitability of area decreased due to increased human activity and noise disturbance.

Disturbance froand human actiwould reduce sof approximatemiles of potentihabitat within 1of proposed proarea. 

Mountain Plover 5,173.3 acres of 

grasslands and 53.3 acres of prairie dog colonies converted to right-of-way. Potential 

Noise disturbance and human activities may limit use of available habitat. 

Approximately 223 acres of potential nesting habitat converted to rail line right-of-way. Noise 

Noise disturbance and human activity may limit use of available habitat.

Loss of approxi412.1 acres of pnesting habitat. 24.2 acres of prdog colonies. N
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Table 1 

Summary of the Environmental Impacts of the Proposed Project 

New Rail Line Construction

Alternative Alternative C Phiney Flats Length 263.8 miles of new construction. 10.3 miles of new construction 14.7 miles or neAction Construction Operation Construction Operation Construction 

mortality due to vehicle operation. Noise disturbance may cause habitat abandonment. Nests may be lost during construction activities. 

disturbance. Habitat abandonment. Nest loss. Mortality due to vehicle operation, especially in undeveloped areas. 

disturbance mahabitat abandonMortality due to collision with vNest lost. 

Swift Fox 16.9 miles of prairie 

dog colonies crossed. Mortality due to collision with vehicles.  Clearing may reduce available food resources. 

Mortality due to collision with trains. 

Approximately 14 acres of prairie dog colonies converted to rail line right-of-way. Noise disturbance and habitat loss. Mortality due to collision with vehicles.  Reduced food resources. 

Mortality due to collision with trains. 

Loss of approxi24.2 acres of prdog colonies. Ndisturbance and loss. Mortality collision with v Reduced food resources. 

Sturgeon Chub Three crossings of the 

Cheyenne River causing increased sedimentation during stream bank stabilization. Accidental spills may 

Accidental spills or derailment could cause contamination of waterways. 

Increased sedimentation and stream modifications could affect downstream habitat. Potential contamination of 

Potential contamination of waterways in the event of an accidental spill or derailment. 

Increased sedimand stream modifications caffect downstrehabitat. Contamin the event of aaccidental spill
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Table 1 

Summary of the Environmental Impacts of the Proposed Project 

New Rail Line Construction

Alternative Alternative C Phiney Flats Length 263.8 miles of new construction. 10.3 miles of new construction 14.7 miles or neAction Construction Operation Construction Operation Construction 

cause contamination of waterways. 

waterways in the event of an accidental spill. 

Black-tailed Prairie Dog 

819.4 acres of habitat crossed. Fragmentation of prairie dog towns would prevent use as reintroduction area, mortality due to construction activities, recreational shooting, and collision with vehicles. 

Potential mortality due to collisions with trains. Increased predation and disease due to increased predator presence. 

Approximately 14 acres of habitat crossed. Loss of habitat. Fragmentation of habitat. Mortality due to recreational shooting and collision with vehicles. 

Mortality due to collision with trains. Increased predation and disease due to increased predator presence. 

Loss of approxi24.2 acres of haFragmentation habitat, mortalirecreational shoand collision wvehicles, increapredation and doccurrence. 

TRANSPORTATIONTransportation 45 new grade crossings. 

Increased traffic, reduced access, and congestion on roadways. Accelerated wear and tear on local roadways. 

No roadways with ADTs greater than 5000. Potential delay of emergency vehicles. Vehicle delays at grade crossings. Provide shorter routing for train transport of PRB coal. 

Increased traffic, reduced access, and congestion on local roadways. Accelerated wear and tear on local roadways. 

Traffic delays would be minimal due to the limited number of vehicles at grade crossings. 

15 new grade c Increased traffreduced access, congestion on lroadways. Accwear and tear oroadways. 
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New Rail Line Construction

Alternative Alternative C Phiney Flats Length 263.8 miles of new construction. 10.3 miles of new construction 14.7 miles or neAction Construction Operation Construction Operation Construction SAFETYSafety Traffic delays and 

congestion may cause increased safety concerns. 

3 crossings would be Catagory A. All other crossings would be Catagory B. Significantly impacted crossings: US HWY 85 (Niobrara County) at 50 and 100 MNT; Bishop Road (Campbell County) at 50 and 100 MNT; WT 450 (Campbell County) at 100 MNT. 

Six Category B grade crossings constructed with crossbucks used for a warning devices.  Vehicle delays, traffic congestion, and increased risk of accident. 

Vehicle delays, increased potential for vehicle/train collisions. 

Construction of fourteen Categograde crossingsIncreased potenaccidents. 

HAZARDOUS MATERIALSTransportation of Hazardous Materials 

No impacts expected. No impacts 

expected. 

No impacts expected. No impacts expected. No impacts exp

Hazardous Waste Sites 

Disturbance of sites may cause exposure to contamination. 

Potential contamination in the event of a spill, derailment, or as a 

No impacts expected. No impacts expected. No impacts exp
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Table 1 

Summary of the Environmental Impacts of the Proposed Project 

New Rail Line Construction

Alternative Alternative C Phiney Flats Length 263.8 miles of new construction. 10.3 miles of new construction 14.7 miles or neAction Construction Operation Construction Operation Construction 

result of improper handling and storage of hazardous materials. 

ENERGY RESOURCESTransportation of Energy Resources 

Length of alternative would be 263.8 miles. No impacts expected. 

Transportation of PRB coal would be more economical, reliable, and efficient. 

No impacts expected. No impacts expected. No impacts exp

Utilization of Energy Resources 

Fuel consumption could be increased due to use by construction equipment, transportation of materials, and delayed or rerouted rail and road traffic. 

Fuel savings and improved utilization of coal resources. Three locomotives per train. Several hundred mile reduction to target markets. 

No impacts expected. No impacts expected. No impacts exp

Recyclable Commodities 

Use of used rail, ties, and ballast materials during construction. 

No impacts expected. No impacts expected. No impacts expected. No impacts exp

CULTURAL RESOURCES
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New Rail Line Construction

Alternative Alternative C Phiney Flats Length 263.8 miles of new construction. 10.3 miles of new construction 14.7 miles or neAction Construction Operation Construction Operation Construction Cultural Resources 96 sites located within 

one mile of the proposed right-of-way in South Dakota; 52 sites within the proposed right-of-way. 312 sites are located within 1.0 mile of the proposed right-of-way in Wyoming; 25 sites are within the proposed right-of-way, three of which are National Register sites. Possible loss of resources due to inadvertent discovery. 

Noise and visual presence of rail line may alter setting and character of traditional cultural properties. 

Resources within right-of-way could be recovered and scientific information acquired. Possible loss of resources due to inadvertent discovery. 

Noise and visual presence of rail line may alter setting and character of traditional cultural properties. 

High potential fdiscovery along miles. Resourceright-of-way corecovered and sinformation acqPossible loss of resources due to inadvertent disc

SOCIOECONOMICSPopulation and Demographics 

Short-term increases. Small number of 

relocations due to employment opportunities. 

No impacts expected. No impacts expected. No impacts exp

Employment and Income 

Over 900 construction jobs. Approximately 

Over 100 high paying railroad jobs. Local 

No impacts expected. No impacts expected. No impacts exp
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Table 1 

Summary of the Environmental Impacts of the Proposed Project 

New Rail Line Construction

Alternative Alternative C Phiney Flats Length 263.8 miles of new construction. 10.3 miles of new construction 14.7 miles or neAction Construction Operation Construction Operation Construction 

384 indirect jobs. Estimated construction earnings of $125.4 million. 

unemployment decrease. 

Public Service and Fiscal Condition 

Increased tax revenue. Sales and use taxes from worker salaries and spending increase of approximately $14.9 million 

Property taxes could total an estimated $9.4 million. Public services could be improved. 

No impacts expected. No impacts expected. No impacts exp

RECREATIONRecreation 38.9 miles of USFS, 4.9 

miles of BLM, and 11.7 miles of State lands crossed. Negative impacts due to noise, construction activity, dust, and increased traffic. Enjoyment of the recreational experience and overall solitude in wilderness areas reduced. Safety 

Increased noise and haze in scenic areas. Reduced revenue at parks and local communities could result from decreased recreational use. 

No public land crossed. Potential impacts due to noise and reduced enjoyment of recreational experience in adjacent areas. 

Recreational opportunities would be eliminated along the proposed rail line. 

Disturbance of participants of recreational actand wildlife dunoise and humapresence. Reduattractiveness oarea due to altevisual setting. 
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Table 1 

Summary of the Environmental Impacts of the Proposed Project 

New Rail Line Construction

Alternative Alternative C Phiney Flats Length 263.8 miles of new construction. 10.3 miles of new construction 14.7 miles or neAction Construction Operation Construction Operation Construction 

in proximity to the rail line reduced. 

AESTHETICSViewsheds/ Scenic Values 

Significant impact to VQO designated areas due to ground disturbance, clearing of vegetation, and the presence of large machinery. 

5.2 miles of VQO of modification and 0.7 VQO of partial retention in the BGNG, 28.4 miles of VQO of modification and 4.4 miles of VQO of partial retention in the TBNG crossed. Reduced visibility due to air pollution. 

No public land crossed. Flat terrain, linear transportation facilities, and agricultural land use would cause rail line to present less of an intursion to the landscape. 

Visibility may be decreased under certain conditions. Undisturbed vastness disrupted by presence of rail line 

Disruption due ground disturbaclearing of vegeand the presenclarge machineryFlatter open terwould provide view, and lineacorridor would compatible with character of the 

Nightlights Potential reduction of 

the perception of solitude and vastness along entire route due to nightlights. 

Reduction of perception of solitude and vastness along entire route due to permanent facility lighting and locomotive headlights. 

No impacts expected. No impacts expected. No impacts exp
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Table 2 

Summary of the Environmental Impacts of the Proposed Project 

New Rail Line Construction - Mine Loops

Alternative Black Thunder North North AnLength 4.5 miles of new construction. 1.5 miles of new construction. Action Construction Operation Construction GEOLOGYUnique Geological Formations

No impacts expected. No impacts expected. No impacts expected. 

Geological Hazards Approximately 3.6 miles Fort 

Union Lebo Formations and 0.9 Wasatch Formations crossed. Approximately 218.2 acres of soil with high slump/ landslide potential converted to rail line right-of-way. 

Landslide and slump susceptibility high along 4.5 miles, 218.2 acres, containing steep slopes. 

Approximately 1.5 miles of Fort Union Lebo Formations crossed. Approximately 72.7 acres of soil with high slump/ landslide potential converted to rail line right-of-way. 

Soil Impacts Disturbance of 218.2 acres of 

Group 7 soil. Loss of topsoil, sedimentation, and erosion. Accidental spills could cause contamination of soils. No prime farmland lost. 

Contamination in the unlikely event of an accidental spill or derailment. 

Disturbance of 72.7 acres of Group 4 soi Loss of topsoil, sedimentation, and erosion. Accidental spills could cause contamination of soils. No prime farmland lost. 

Paleontogical Resources 

Approximately 43.6 acres of PFYC rating 5 formations and approximately 174.5 acres of PFYC rating 3 formations converted to rail line right-of-way. Any resources located within the proposed rightNo impacts expected. Approximately 72.7 acres of PFYC ratin

3 formations converted to rail line right- of-way. Any resources located within thproposed right-of-way may be recovered and scientific information acquired. Possible loss of resources due to 
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Table 2 

Summary of the Environmental Impacts of the Proposed Project 

New Rail Line Construction - Mine Loops

Alternative Black Thunder North North AnLength 4.5 miles of new construction. 1.5 miles of new construction. Action Construction Operation Construction 

of-way may be recovered and scientific information acquired. Possible loss of resources due to inadvertent discovery. 

inadvertent discovery and private land ownership. 

LAND USEAgriculture No impacts expected. No impacts expected. No impacts expected. Rangeland/ Grazing 

Approximately 184.2 acres of rangeland lost. 5 pastures in 3 allotments crossed. Loss of forage, fragmentation of allotments, isolation of water resources and disruption of operations. 

Allotment disturbance resulting in the loss of 2 AUMs. Reduced access, loss of forage, and decreased range use.

Approximately 14.5 acres of cropland and pasture lost. Loss of forage, fragmentation of allotments, isolation of water resources and disruption of operations. 

Residential No impacts expected. No impacts expected. No impacts expected. Business and Industrial 

Approximately 4.8 acres converted to rail line right-of-way. Inconvenience and reduced access. 

Improved rail service. Additional noise.  Reduced access to patrons and employees crossing rail line.

No impacts expected. 

Minerals and Mining 

29.1 acres converted to rail line right-of-way. May increase demand for suitable materials. 

Facilitate project providing additional access to PRB coal. 

May increase demand for suitable materials. 
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Table 2 

Summary of the Environmental Impacts of the Proposed Project 

New Rail Line Construction - Mine Loops

Alternative Black Thunder North North AnLength 4.5 miles of new construction. 1.5 miles of new construction. Action Construction Operation Construction Public Facilities No impacts expected. No impacts expected. No impacts expected. FEDERAL LANDS Federal Lands No impacts expected. No impacts expected. No impacts expected. Public Parks No impacts expected. No impacts expected. No impacts expected. Forest Service Lands 

29.1 acres of TBNG converted to rail line right-of-way. Noise, ground disturbance, reduced access. 

Increased noise, visual intrusion of rail line, and reduction in use of area in proximity of rail line. 

No impacts expected. 

Bureau of Land Management 

No impacts expected. No impacts expected. No impacts expected. 

Bureau of Reclamation 

No impacts expected. No impacts expected. No impacts expected. 

Fish and Wildlife Service Lands 

No impacts expected. No impacts expected. No impacts expected. 

Reservation and Treaty Lands No impacts expected. No impacts expected. No impacts expected. STATE LANDS State Lands 130.9 acres of State of Wyoming Loss of use, reduced access, increased No impacts expected. 
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Table 2 

Summary of the Environmental Impacts of the Proposed Project 

New Rail Line Construction - Mine Loops

Alternative Black Thunder North North AnLength 4.5 miles of new construction. 1.5 miles of new construction. Action Construction Operation Construction 

land converted to rail line right-ofway. Ground disturbance, reduced access, noise.

noise, reduction of use to areas adjacent to rail line.

WATER RESOURCESSurface Water 9 intermittent streams crossed. 

Stream bank modifications, channelization, potential stream flow increases, and decreased water quality. Sedimentation, increased erosion, TSS increase, and loss of habitat and food resources. Changes in drainage patterns and water availability. 

Potential contamination in the event of an accidental spill or derailment. 

2 intermittent streams crossed. Stream bank modifications, channelization, potential stream flow increases, and decreased water quality. Sedimentation, increased erosion, TSS increase, and losof habitat and food resources. Changes idrainage patterns and water availability. 

Wetlands No wetlands crossed. 

Sedimentation may cause damage or loss of adjacent wetland areas. 

Changes in hydrology could affect adjacent wetland areas.

Conversion of approximately 0.06 miles of aquatic bed to rail line right-of-way. Sedimentation and changes in hydrology could affect adjacent wetland areas. 

Groundwater Potential contamination in the 

unlikely event of an accidental spill. 

Potential contamination in the unlikely event of an accidental spill or derailment. 

Potential contamination in the unlikely event of an accidental spill. 
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Table 2 

Summary of the Environmental Impacts of the Proposed Project 

New Rail Line Construction - Mine Loops

Alternative Black Thunder North North AnLength 4.5 miles of new construction. 1.5 miles of new construction. Action Construction Operation Construction AIR QUALITYAir Quality Temporary reduction in local air 

quality due to emission from construction equipment and traffic delays. 

Impacts due to mine use undetermined due to lack of information available. 

Temporary reduction in local air due to emission from construction equipment and vehicle delays. 

NOISE AND VIBRATION Noise Temporary increase in local noise 

levels. 

No receptors present. Disturbance to wildlife likely. 

Temporary increased in local noise levels. 

BIOLOGICAL RESOURCESVegetation Approximately 218.2 acres of 

grassland vegetation lost. Potential damage to vegetation in adjacent areas. 

Potential damage to adjacent vegetation in the event of an accidental spill or derailment. Introduction of noxious weeds in disturbed areas. 

Approximately 14.5 acres of cropland, and 53.3 acres of pasture, and 2.9 acres owetland vegetation lost. Potential damagto vegetation in adjacent areas. 

WILDLIFEBig Game Disturbance from noise and human 

activity along approximately 2.5 miles of yearlong range and 4.5 miles of winter range for big game habitat Loss of habitat, forage, and cover areas. Mortality and injury 

Fencing may disrupt migration patterns and seasonal use of winter ranges and territories. Reduced water access. Mortality and injury due to collision with trains. Noise disturbance during 

Disturbance from noise and human activity along approximately 1.5 miles oyearlong range. Loss of habitat, forage, and cover areas. Mortality and injury duto hunting, poaching, and collision with 
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Table 2 

Summary of the Environmental Impacts of the Proposed Project 

New Rail Line Construction - Mine Loops

Alternative Black Thunder North North AnLength 4.5 miles of new construction. 1.5 miles of new construction. Action Construction Operation Construction 

due to hunting, poaching, and collision with vehicles. 

high-stress periods. vehicles. 

Upland Birds 1 sage grouse leks within 4.4 miles. 

Noise disturbance and habitat fragmentation. Sage grouse habitat lost. Loss of vegetation. Increased nest predation. Mortality due to collision or crushing by vehicles and machinery. 

Noise disturbance and habitat abandonment. Mortality due to train/bird collisions. 

3 sage grouse leks between 4.4 and 6.1 miles. Noise disturbance and habitat fragmentation. Sage grouse habitat lost. Loss of vegetation. Increased nest predation. Mortality due to collision or crushing by vehicles and machinery. 

Waterfowl and Shorebirds 

184.2 acres of potential nesting habitat lost. Disturbance from noise and human activity, especially during nesting. Accidental spills may adversely affect waterfowl. Potential nest loss. Mortality due to collision with vehicles and machinery. 

Disturbance from noise and human activity, especially during nesting. Accidental spills may adversely affect waterfowl. Mortality due to train/bird collision. 

67.8 acres of potential nesting habitat lost. Disturbance from noise and human activity, especially during nesting. Accidental spills may adversely affect waterfowl. Potential nest loss. Mortality due to collision with vehicles and machinery. 

Small Game and Furbearers 

Mortality and injury due to hunting, poaching, and vehicle movements. Aquatic species at risk in the event of accidental release of petroleum products. 

Mortality or injury due to animal/trains collision. Railroad grade may impede movements of some species. Aquatic species at risk in the event of accidental release of petroleum products 

Mortality and injury due to hunting, poaching, and vehicle movements. Aquatic species at risk in the event of accidental release of petroleum products
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Table 2 

Summary of the Environmental Impacts of the Proposed Project 

New Rail Line Construction - Mine Loops

Alternative Black Thunder North North AnLength 4.5 miles of new construction. 1.5 miles of new construction. Action Construction Operation Construction Non-Game SpeciesAmphibians and Reptiles 

Loss of habitat, displacement, and mortality. 

Mortality due to animal/train collisions.  Potential habitat contamination in the event of and accidental spill or derailment. 

Loss of habitat, displacement, and mortality. 

Songbirds Loss of 218.2 acres of grassland 

habitat. Habitat abandonment and fragmentation. Noise disturbance. Nest loss. Mortality due to collision with vehicles and nest disturbance. 

Revegetation would provide cover and habitat for some species. Potential loss due to collision with trains. Nest disturbance during right-of-way maintenance. 

Loss of 72.7 acres of cropland and pasture habitat. Habitat abandonment and fragmentation. Noise disturbance. Nest loss. Mortality due to collision witvehicles and nest disturbance. 

Raptors 19 nesting sites within 1.0 mile. 

Noise disturbance, nest abandonment, mortality.

Noise disturbance. Increased mortality due to collision with trains.

3 nesting sites within 1.0 mile. Noise disturbance, nest abandonment, mortality

AQUATIC AND FISHERIESAquatic and Fisheries 

9 intermittent streams crossed. Potential of increased sediment and reduced water quality downstream from construction sites. 

Potential contamination in the event of an accidental spill. 

2 intermittent streams crossed. Increased sediment and reduced water quality. 

SENSITIVE, THREATENED, AND ENDANGERED SPECIES
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Table 2 

Summary of the Environmental Impacts of the Proposed Project 

New Rail Line Construction - Mine Loops

Alternative Black Thunder North North AnLength 4.5 miles of new construction. 1.5 miles of new construction. Action Construction Operation Construction Bald Eagle No habitat or nests exists along this 

alternative. Potential disturbance along 0.9 miles of habitat located within 0.5 mile of Little Thunder Creek. 

Potential disturbance along habitat located within 0.5 mile of Little Thunder Creek. Suitability of area decreased due to increased human activity and noise disturbance. 

No habitat or nests exists along this alternative. Potential habitat within 1.0 mile of Antelope Creek lost. 

Mountain Plover Approximately 218.2 acres of 

potential nesting habitat converted to rail line right-of-way. Noise disturbance. Habitat abandonment.  Nest loss. Mortality due to vehicle operation, especially in undeveloped areas. 

Noise disturbance and human activity may limit use of available habitat. 

Approximately 67.8 acres of potential nesting habitat converted to rail line right-of-way. Noise disturbance. Habitaabandonment. Nest loss. Mortality due to vehicle operation, especially in undeveloped areas. 

Swift Fox Potential loss of habitat throughout 

project area. Noise disturbance and habitat loss. Mortality due to collision with vehicles. Reduced food resources. 

Mortality due to collision with trains. Approximately 67.8 acres of potential 

habitat converted to rail line right-of-wa Noise disturbance and habitat loss. Mortality due to collision with vehicles. Reduced food resources. 

Black-tailed Prairie Dog 

Potential loss of habitat. Mortality due to recreational shooting and collision with vehicles. 

Mortality due to collision with trains. Increased predation and disease due to increased predator presence. 

Potential loss of habitat. Mortality due trecreational shooting and collision with vehicles, 

TRANSPORTATION
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Table 2 

Summary of the Environmental Impacts of the Proposed Project 

New Rail Line Construction - Mine Loops

Alternative Black Thunder North North AnLength 4.5 miles of new construction. 1.5 miles of new construction. Action Construction Operation Construction Transportation No grade crossings. Increased 

traffic, reduced access, and congestion on local roadways. Accelerated wear and tear on local roadways. 

No impacts expected. Increased traffic, reduced access, and 

congestion on local roadways. Accelerated wear and tear on local roadways. 

SAFETYSafety No new crossings. Vehicle delays, 

congestion, and increased risk of accident on local roadways. 

No impacts expected. No new crossings. No impacts expected

CULTURAL RESOURCESCultural Resources Resources within right-of-way 

could be recovered and scientific information acquired. Possible loss of resources due to inadvertent discovery. 

Noise and visual presence of rail line may alter setting and character of traditional cultural properties. 

Resources within right-of-way could be recovered and scientific information acquired. Possible loss of resources due to inadvertent discovery and private land ownership. 

RECREATIONRecreation Approximately 0.6 miles of TBNG 

and 2.7 miles of Wyoming state land crossed. Negative impacts due to noise, construction activity, dust, and increased traffic. Enjoyment of 

Recreational opportunities eliminated along the proposed rail line. Reduced access to areas across rail line. 

No public lands crossed. Negative impacts due to noise, construction activity, dust, and increased traffic. Enjoyment of recreational experience anoverall solitude in wilderness areas 
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Table 2 

Summary of the Environmental Impacts of the Proposed Project 

New Rail Line Construction - Mine Loops

Alternative Black Thunder North North AnLength 4.5 miles of new construction. 1.5 miles of new construction. Action Construction Operation Construction 

recreational experience and overall solitude in wilderness areas reduced. Safety in proximity to rail line reduced. 

reduced. Safety in proximity to rail line reduced. 

AESTHETICSViewsheds/ Scenic Values 

Approximately 0.6 miles of TBNG with VQO of modification and <0.1 mile of VQO of partial retention crossed. Ground disturbance, clearing of vegetation and the presence of large machinery would disrupt scenic view. 

Visibility decreased under certain conditions. Undisturbed vastness disrupted by presence of rail line 

No NFS land crossed. Ground disturbance, clearing of vegetation and the presence of large machinery would disrupt scenic view. 
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Table 3 

Summary of the Environmental Impacts of the Proposed Project 

Rebuild of Existing DM&E Rail Line in Minnesota and South Dakota

Alternative 

Minnesota Rebuild of the Existing DM&E Rail Line South Dakota Rebuild of the 

Length 219.0 miles of reconstruction 317.0 miles of reconstruction.Action Construction Operation Construction GEOLOGYUnique Geological Formations

No impacts expected. No impacts expected. No impacts expected. 

Geological Hazards No impacts expected. No impacts expected. No impacts expected. Soil Impacts Approximately 5,309.1 acres of soil 

would be disturbed. Temporary soil disturbance and erosion. Soils compacted during construction. 

Potential contamination in the event of an accidental spill or derailment. Risk of derailment decreased by improved rail conditions.

Approximately 7,684.8 acres of soil would be disturbed. Compaction of soils, increased erosion. Approximately 207.1 miles of prime farmland adjacent to the rail line. 

Paleontogical Resources 

Paleontological resources likely in lake and river sediments. However, no impacts expected. 

No impacts expected. No impacts expected. 

LAND USEAgriculture Adjacent to approximately 50.9 

miles of pasture or grassland, 156.3 miles of cropland, and 79.6 miles of wooded lots and fence rows. Crop and fence damage, soil compaction, and erosion may occur in areas 

Crop damage and soil contamination in the event of an accidental spill or derailment.

Approximately 469.7 miles adjacent to the rail line. Loss of approximately 176.7 miles of pasture or grassland, and 293.0 miles of cropland. Soil and crop disturbance where crops have encroached on existing right-of-way. Fence damage. 
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Table 3 

Summary of the Environmental Impacts of the Proposed Project 

Rebuild of Existing DM&E Rail Line in Minnesota and South Dakota

Alternative 

Minnesota Rebuild of the Existing DM&E Rail Line South Dakota Rebuild of the 

Length 219.0 miles of reconstruction 317.0 miles of reconstruction.Action Construction Operation Construction 

within and adjacent to the right-ofway. Approximately 238.0 miles of prime farmland adjacent to the existing rail line. 

Residential Adjacent to 10.8 miles of 

residential land. Increased noise and dust, and reduced safety. 

Increased noise, safety, dust, and traffic congestion. Lower real estate values.

Adjacent to approximately 1.0 miles of residential land. Ground disturbance, increased noise, dust, and reduced safety. 

Business and Industrial 

Adjacent to 39.6 miles of business and industrial land. Inconvenience to employees and customers, reduced access, increased noise and dust, reduced safety for workers and patrons, and traffic congestion. 

Long term impacts would include increased noise, traffic delays, and reduced access to businesses. improved rail service and increased industrial growth in area.

Adjacent to approximately 33.1 miles of business and industrial land. Inconvenience to patrons and employees, reduced access, increased noise, dust, and vehicle delays. 

Minerals and Mining 

Increased demand for materials used in rail line construction. 

Operation and maintenance could provide continued market for minerals and mined materials.

Increased demand for materials used in rail line construction. 

Public Facilities Increased noise, dust, and reduced 

access. Vehicle delays and reduced use by local patrons. Use of facilities by construction workers. 

Increased noise and traffic delays, reduced access, and reduced safety.

Increased noise, dust, and reduced access.  Vehicle delays and reduced use by local patrons. Use of facilities by construction workers. 

FEDERAL LANDS 
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Table 3 

Summary of the Environmental Impacts of the Proposed Project 

Rebuild of Existing DM&E Rail Line in Minnesota and South Dakota

Alternative 

Minnesota Rebuild of the Existing DM&E Rail Line South Dakota Rebuild of the 

Length 219.0 miles of reconstruction 317.0 miles of reconstruction.Action Construction Operation Construction Forest Service Lands 

No impacts expected. No impacts expected. No impacts expected. 

Bureau of Land Management 

No impacts expected. No impacts expected. No impacts expected. 

Bureau of Reclamation 

No impacts expected. No impacts expected. Potential ground and vegetation 

disturbance within a 200-foot section of BOR land, located north of Canning. 

Fish and Wildlife Service Lands 

Potential erosion and sedimentation into habitat easement north of Eagle Lake. 

Potential for contamination from accidental spills and herbicides.

Disturbance from increased noise and human presence. Mortality of wildlife. Sedimentation of wetlands. 12 Federal Waterfowl Production Areas adjacent to the rail line. 

Reservation and Treaty Lands No impacts expected. No impacts expected. No impacts expected. STATE LANDSState Wildlife Area and Wildlife Refuges 

Increased noise and human activity at nine Wildlife Management Areas. 

Noise and human activity could cause disturbance to wildlife.

No impacts expected. 

State Parks Approximately 2.7 miles of existing 

rail line adjacent to the Minneopa 

Increased noise, safety concerns, air Increased noise and dust. Vehicle delays, 
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Table 3 

Summary of the Environmental Impacts of the Proposed Project 

Rebuild of Existing DM&E Rail Line in Minnesota and South Dakota

Alternative 

Minnesota Rebuild of the Existing DM&E Rail Line South Dakota Rebuild of the 

Length 219.0 miles of reconstruction 317.0 miles of reconstruction.Action Construction Operation Construction 

State Park. Increased noise and traffic congestion. Reduced access and safety. 

emissions, and reduced access. reduced safety in proximity to rail line. 

State Scientific and Natural Areas 

Minimal noise disturbance increases. 

Minimal noise disturbance increases. No impacts expected. 

State Game Production Areas 

No impacts expected. No impacts expected. Noise, wildlife disturbance, and decreased 

public use. Sedimentation could cause loss or damage of adjacent wetlands. 

State Forest 14.0 miles of Richard Dorer 

Memorial Forest crossed. Noise disturbance, possible clearing or trimming of vegetation adjacent to right-of-way. 

Noise disturbance. Trimming or clearing of vegetation adjacent to right-of-way.

No impacts expected. 

Utility Corridors Potential damage to utilities could 

result in loss of product or service. 

No impacts expected. Potential damage to utilities could result in 

loss of product or service. 

WATER RESOURCESSurface Water 19 perennial streams (including 5 

trout streams), 14 rivers, 3 lakes and 15 irrigation ditches crossed. Increase TSS and sedimentation. Accidental spill could cause 

Potential for contamination from accidental spills and herbicides. 

7 rivers, 230 intermittent streams, and 16 perennial streams crossed. Increased TSS and sedimentation. Accidental spills could cause contamination and decreased water quality. Potential channelization or 
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Table 3 

Summary of the Environmental Impacts of the Proposed Project 

Rebuild of Existing DM&E Rail Line in Minnesota and South Dakota

Alternative 

Minnesota Rebuild of the Existing DM&E Rail Line South Dakota Rebuild of the 

Length 219.0 miles of reconstruction 317.0 miles of reconstruction.Action Construction Operation Construction 

contamination and decreased water quality. Potential channelization or relocation of drainages. 

relocation of drainages. 

Wetlands Loss of 187.8 acres of wetlands 

within DM&E right-of-way:  150.2 emergent 7.2 scrub/shrub 19.4 forested 11.0 other. Increased sediment and changes in drainage could affect wetlands outside the DM&E right-of-way. 

Contamination of adjacent wetlands in the unlikely event of an accidental spill.

Loss of approximately 132.9 acres of wetlands: approximately 80.7 acres of emergent; 2.3 acres of scrub/shrub; 40.8 acres of forested; and 9.1 acres of other wetland types. Damage to vegetation, mixing and compaction of wetland soils, alteration of site hydrology, increased sedimentation, and installation of drainage structures could result in loss or damage of adjacent wetlands. 

Groundwater Potential contamination in the 

unlikely event of an accidental spill. 

Potential contamination in the unlikely event of an accidental spill or derailment.

Potential contamination in the event of an accidental spill. 

AIR QUALITYAir Quality Temporary increase of fugitive dust 

and emissions from construction equipment and delayed vehicles. 

Emissions levels for NOx would be 

exceeded in 8 counties at 20 MNT; NOx in all counties at 50 MNT; NOx

in all counties, CO in 5 counties, and 

Temporary increase in emissions from construction equipment and fugitive dust. 
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Table 3 

Summary of the Environmental Impacts of the Proposed Project 

Rebuild of Existing DM&E Rail Line in Minnesota and South Dakota

Alternative 

Minnesota Rebuild of the Existing DM&E Rail Line South Dakota Rebuild of the 

Length 219.0 miles of reconstruction 317.0 miles of reconstruction.Action Construction Operation Construction 

SO2 in one county at 100 MNT. 

NOISE AND VIBRATION Noise Increased noise during construction 

activities. 

Total noise sensitive receptor increase at 65 dBA: 

11 trains Wayside only - 53  Wayside/Horn - 268  Horn only - 637 21 trains Wayside only - 121  Wayside/Horn - 767  Horn only - 2,651 37 trains Wayside only - 225  Wayside/Horn - 1,795  Horn only - 4,490 70 dBA: 

11 trains Wayside only - 8  Wayside/Horn - 12  Horn only - 317 21 trains Wayside only - 16  Wayside/Horn - 140 

Increased noise levels would occur during construction activities. 
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Table 3 

Summary of the Environmental Impacts of the Proposed Project 

Rebuild of Existing DM&E Rail Line in Minnesota and South Dakota

Alternative 

Minnesota Rebuild of the Existing DM&E Rail Line South Dakota Rebuild of the 

Length 219.0 miles of reconstruction 317.0 miles of reconstruction.Action Construction Operation Construction 

 Horn only - 1,724 37 trains Wayside only - 34  Wayside/Horn - 446  Horn only - 3,545

Vibration Minor vibrations may be 

experienced during construction activities. 

Potential damage to 244 structures within 100 feet. Inconvenience to 906 structures within 200 feet, and 2,209 within 400 feet. No hospitals within 400 feet of existing rail line.

Minor vibrations may be experienced during construction activities. 

BIOLOGICAL RESOURCESVegetation Approximately 528.5 acres of 

native prairie lost. Adjacent to approximately 50.9 miles of pasture or grassland, 156.3 miles of cropland, and 79.6 miles of wooded lots and fence rows. Loss of approximately 187.8 acres of wetland vegetation within existing right-of-way: 150.2 acres of emergent, 7.2 acres of scrub/shrub, 19.4 acres of 

Adjacent vegetation could be disturbed during maintenance activities. Accidental spills and use of herbicides could damage adjacent vegetation. Noxious weeds may become established in disturbed areas.

Loss of approximately 132.9 acres of wetlands. Approximately 46.3 miles of wooded fence rows and woodlots, 168.5 miles of pasture and grassland, and 303.4 miles of cropland adjacent to the existing rail line may be disturbed. 
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Table 3 

Summary of the Environmental Impacts of the Proposed Project 

Rebuild of Existing DM&E Rail Line in Minnesota and South Dakota

Alternative 

Minnesota Rebuild of the Existing DM&E Rail Line South Dakota Rebuild of the 

Length 219.0 miles of reconstruction 317.0 miles of reconstruction.Action Construction Operation Construction 

forested, and 11.0 acres of other wetland types. 

WILDLIFEBig Game Disturbance from noise and human 

activity. Displacement of local populations during construction activities. Mortality and injury may increase due to hunting, poaching and collisions with vehicles. 

Noise disturbance and increased deer/train collisions.

Disturbance from noise and human activity. Temporary displacement, increased hunting and poaching pressure, and mortality related to increased traffic in the area. 

Upland Birds Noise disturbance. Displacement. 

Increased pressure from hunting and poaching. Nest loss and adult mortality due to construction activities. 

Disturbance from noise. Nesting failure. Mortality due to disturbance and collision with passing trains.

Displacement, noise disturbance, loss of habitat along 317.0 miles of rail right-ofway. Loss of nests and nesting females. Hunting and poaching pressures, and mortality related to increased traffic in the area. 

Waterfowl and Shorebirds 

Habitat loss, nest loss, and disturbance from noise and human activity. Nesting failure. Habitat degradation from accidental spills. 

Noise disturbance. Abandonment of nesting habitat in proximity to rail line. Mortality from collisions with trains. Contamination of habitat in 

the event of an accidental spill or derailment.

Displacement, disturbance due to noise and increased human activity, and loss of 132.9 acres of wetland habitat. Loss of nests and nesting hens. Potential habitat degradation in the event of an accidental spill. 
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Table 3 

Summary of the Environmental Impacts of the Proposed Project 

Rebuild of Existing DM&E Rail Line in Minnesota and South Dakota

Alternative 

Minnesota Rebuild of the Existing DM&E Rail Line South Dakota Rebuild of the 

Length 219.0 miles of reconstruction 317.0 miles of reconstruction.Action Construction Operation Construction Small Game and Furbearers 

Displacement, disturbance from noise and human activity, and loss of habitat. Mortality and injury due to construction activities. 

Mortality from collisions with trains. Displacement, disturbance from noise and 

human activity. Mortality due to hunting, poaching, or construction activity. 

Non-Game SpeciesAmphibians and Reptiles 

Loss of habitat, displacement from right-of-way, and mortality. 

Mortality from passing trains. Some would return to right-of-way after completion. 

Displacement from right-of-way, loss of 132.9 acres of wetland habitat, and increased mortality. 

Songbirds Displacement, loss of habitat. 

Disturbance from noise and human activity. Loss of nests. 

Noise disturbance. Mortality due to collisions with trains. Revegetation would provide habitats for some species.

Temporary displacement, loss of habitat within 317.0 miles of rail right-of-way, and loss of nests. Noise disturbance. 

Small Mammals No impact expected No impact expected Noise disturbance and displacement. 

Increased mortality due to increased road traffic. 

Raptors Disturbance from noise and human 

activity during nesting. Temporary reduction of prey species. 

Increased mortality from collisions with trains. Nesting near tracks is not expected.

Displacement and habitat loss. Disturbance due to noise and human activity. Temporary reduction of prey species. 
Appendix E - FRA Record of Decision 

DM&E Powder River Basin Expansion Project STB EIS Impacts Summary 

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Table 3 

Summary of the Environmental Impacts of the Proposed Project 

Rebuild of Existing DM&E Rail Line in Minnesota and South Dakota

Alternative 

Minnesota Rebuild of the Existing DM&E Rail Line South Dakota Rebuild of the 

Length 219.0 miles of reconstruction 317.0 miles of reconstruction.Action Construction Operation Construction AQUATIC AND FISHERIESFish and Mussels Changes in water quality due to 

sediment. Potential contamination from accidental spills. 

Herbicide use and accidental spills may affect aquatic organisms and reduce food resources.

Loss of habitat, increased TSS, and reduced water quality. Mortality due to construction activities along waterways. Potential contamination in the event on an accidental spill. 

Sensitive, Threatened and Endangered SpeciesTopeka Shiner Two potential Topeka Shiner 

streams crossed. Increased sediment and accidental spills may adversely affect fish populations. 

Accidental releases of fuel or chemicals due to spills or derailment.

Accidental contamination and increased sedimentation could affect populations downstream along the 41 streams which potentially contain Topeka Shiners. 

Higgin’s Eye Pearly Mussel 

Increased sediment and accidental spills of petroleum products would adversely affect species. 

Accidental spills of petroleum products would adversely affect species.

No impacts expected. 

Prairie Bush-Clover Destruction of local populations 

within the right-of-way. 

Competition with introduced species during revegetation.

No impacts expected. 

Western Prairie Fringed Orchid 

Surface disturbance and destruction of local populations within the right-of-way. 

Competition with introduced species during revegetation.

No impacts expected. 

Bald Eagle Disturbance from noise and human Noise disturbance, failure of nests, Human activity, operation of machinery, 
Appendix E - FRA Record of Decision 

DM&E Powder River Basin Expansion Project STB EIS Impacts Summary 

 45 of 89 

Table 3 

Summary of the Environmental Impacts of the Proposed Project 

Rebuild of Existing DM&E Rail Line in Minnesota and South Dakota

Alternative 

Minnesota Rebuild of the Existing DM&E Rail Line South Dakota Rebuild of the 

Length 219.0 miles of reconstruction 317.0 miles of reconstruction.Action Construction Operation Construction 

activity. Habitat abandonment. Potential nest failure. 

and abandonment of use areas. Mortality from eagle/train collisions.

and noise disturbance may cause habitat abandonment. Removal of trees could cause loss of roosting areas. 

Piping Plover No impacts expected. No impacts expected. Noise disturbance. Nest loss. Increased 

sedimentation and accidental spills may reduce food resources. Human activity could cause nest abandonment. 

American Burying Beetle 

No impacts expected. No impacts expected. Habitat may be disturbed or lost. 

Artificial construction lights may attract beetles resulting in disorientation and mortality. 

Interior Least Tern No impacts expected. No impacts expected. Noise disturbance. Nest loss. Increased 

sedimentation and accidental spills may reduce food resources. Human activity could cause nest abandonment. 

Pallid Sturgeon No impacts expected. No impacts expected. Accidental spills could affect water quality 

reduce food resources. Increased sedimentation could degrade habitat during construction activities involving the Missouri River bridge. 

TRANSPORTATION
Appendix E - FRA Record of Decision 

DM&E Powder River Basin Expansion Project STB EIS Impacts Summary 

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Table 3 

Summary of the Environmental Impacts of the Proposed Project 

Rebuild of Existing DM&E Rail Line in Minnesota and South Dakota

Alternative 

Minnesota Rebuild of the Existing DM&E Rail Line South Dakota Rebuild of the 

Length 219.0 miles of reconstruction 317.0 miles of reconstruction.Action Construction Operation Construction Transportation Accelerated wear and tear on local 

roadways. Grade crossing closures, detours. Inconvenience, vehicle delays, and reduced access. Minor delays to rail traffic. 

Six grade crossings with ADT over 5,000 would experience a decrease in delay per stopped vehicle. Blocked crossing time would range from 2.1 minutes for 115-car train to 2.4 minutes for 135-car trains. A reduction in vehicle delay to an estimated 0.3-0.5 minutes per vehicle. Total blocked crossing time per day would average 23.1 minutes at 20 MNT; 44.1 at 50 MNT; and 77.7 at 100 MNT. No crossings would experience a level of service below B for 6,400 foot trains or C for 7,400 trains.

Accelerated wear and tear on local roadways. Road closures and detours. Inconvenience, vehicle delays, and reduced access. Emergency vehicles may need to modify current routes. Minor delays to rail traffic. 

SAFETYSafety Increase risk of accidents and 

injury. Traffic congestion, vehicle delays, and reduced safety at crossings. Construction equipment could pose a risk to children attracted to the area. 

All crossings would experience an increase in accident frequency. Significant increases would occur at 3 crossings at 20 MNT, 6 crossings at 50 MNT, and 18 crossings at 100 MNT.

Increased risk of accident or injury. Traffic congestion, vehicle delays, and reduced safety at crossings. Construction equipment could pose a risk to children attracted to the area. 

HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
Appendix E - FRA Record of Decision 

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Table 3 

Summary of the Environmental Impacts of the Proposed Project 

Rebuild of Existing DM&E Rail Line in Minnesota and South Dakota

Alternative 

Minnesota Rebuild of the Existing DM&E Rail Line South Dakota Rebuild of the 

Length 219.0 miles of reconstruction 317.0 miles of reconstruction.Action Construction Operation Construction Transportation of Hazardous Materials 

No impacts expected Increased rail safety would reduce 

the likelihood of an accident.

No impacts expected. 

Hazardous Waste Sites 

Disturbance of sites may cause exposure to contamination. 

Spills could occur in the event of an derailment or as a result of improper handling and storage of hazardous materials.

Disturbance of sites may cause exposure to contamination. 

ENERGY RESOURCESTransportation of Energy Resources 

No impacts expected Transportation of PRB Coal would 

be more economical, reliable, and efficient.

No impacts expected. 

Utilization of Energy Resources 

Fuel consumption could be increased due to use by construction equipment, transportation of materials, and delayed or rerouted rail and road traffic. 

Fuel savings and improved utilization of coal resources.

Fuel consumption could be affected due to use by construction equipment, transportation of materials, and delayed or rerouted rail and road traffic. 

Recyclable Commodities 

Reconstruction would generate large volumes of recyclable materials. Use of used rail, ties, and ballast materials during 

More efficient transport provided for commodities currently transported.

Reconstruction would generate large quantities or recyclable materials. Use of used rail, ties, and ballast materials could occur during construction. 
Appendix E - FRA Record of Decision 

DM&E Powder River Basin Expansion Project STB EIS Impacts Summary 

 48 of 89 

Table 3 

Summary of the Environmental Impacts of the Proposed Project 

Rebuild of Existing DM&E Rail Line in Minnesota and South Dakota

Alternative 

Minnesota Rebuild of the Existing DM&E Rail Line South Dakota Rebuild of the 

Length 219.0 miles of reconstruction 317.0 miles of reconstruction.Action Construction Operation Construction 

construction. 

CULTURAL RESOURCESCultural Resources 14 archeological sites in or adjacent 

to existing rail line. Destruction and replacement of 142 bridges and 169 culverts along the existing rail line that are recommended eligible for the National Register. Five historic buildings, two of which are listed in the National Register, located along rail line. Construction activities could expose and damage unknown cultural resources. 

No impacts expected 11 archaeological sites in or adjacent to 

existing rail line right-of-way. Destruction and replacement of 239 bridges and culverts. One bridge and two buildings listed with the national register and 191 bridges recommended eligible are to be replaced. Construction activities could expose and damage unknown cultural resources. 

SOCIOECONOMICSPopulation and Demographics 

Short term increases in population. Increased local population due to 

increase in permanent employment in railroad industry. 

Short-term increase. 

Employment and Income 

500 construction jobs. Approximately 300 indirect jobs. Estimated construction earnings of $84.3 million. 

Increase in permanent employment of approximately 350 jobs in the railroad industry with potentially higher wages and better benefits. Decrease in local unemployment.

Approximately 1,246 construction jobs. Approximately 591 indirect jobs. Estimated construction earnings of approximately $91.4 million. 
Appendix E - FRA Record of Decision 

DM&E Powder River Basin Expansion Project STB EIS Impacts Summary 

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Table 3 

Summary of the Environmental Impacts of the Proposed Project 

Rebuild of Existing DM&E Rail Line in Minnesota and South Dakota

Alternative 

Minnesota Rebuild of the Existing DM&E Rail Line South Dakota Rebuild of the 

Length 219.0 miles of reconstruction 317.0 miles of reconstruction.Action Construction Operation Construction Public Service and Fiscal Condition 

Increase in sales and use taxes of approximately $18.4 million. Increase in income tax revenue due to increased employment. 

Tax revenues of an estimated $10.5 million paid by railroad. Public services could be improved.

Increased income tax revenue. Sales and use taxes increase of approximately $11.2 million. 

RECREATIONRecreation Negative impacts due to noise, 

construction activity, dust, and increased traffic. Enjoyment of the recreational experience and overall solitude could be reduced. Safety in proximity to the rail line reduced.  Increased use by construction workers. 

Activities such as hunting, fishing, camping, and biking could experience disturbance in close proximity to rail line. Reduced revenue to local communities could result from decreased recreational use.

Negative impacts due to noise, construction activity, dust, and increased traffic. Enjoyment of the recreational experience and overall solitude could be reduced. Safety in proximity to the rail line would be reduced. Increased use by construction workers. 

AESTHETICSViewsheds/ Scenic Values 

Ground disturbance and the presence of construction machinery would disrupt scenic views. 

New rail structures would be more noticeable due to lack of weathering and clearing of vegetation.

Ground disturbance, vegetation clearing, and the presence of heavy equipment would reduce visual character for an extended distance due to the flat topography. Impacts to visibility would be observed at grade crossings and in proximity to local roadways. 
Appendix E - FRA Record of Decision 

DM&E Powder River Basin Expansion Project STB EIS Impacts Summary 

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Table 3 

Summary of the Environmental Impacts of the Proposed Project 

Rebuild of Existing DM&E Rail Line in Minnesota and South Dakota

Alternative 

Minnesota Rebuild of the Existing DM&E Rail Line South Dakota Rebuild of the 

Length 219.0 miles of reconstruction 317.0 miles of reconstruction.Action Construction Operation Construction Wild and Scenic Rivers 

No impact expected No impact expected No impacts expected. 

Nightlights Residents living near the rail line 

could experience temporary disturbance from nightlights. 

Minor impacts from facility lighting and locomotive headlights to residents living near the rail line.

Residents living near the rail line could experience temporary disturbance from night lights. 
Appendix E - FRA Record of Decision 

DM&E Powder River Basin Expansion Project STB EIS Impacts Summary 

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Table 4 

Summary of the Environmental Impacts of the Proposed Project 

Mankato and Rochester, Minnesota

Alternative M-2 M-3 Length 

13.3 miles of new construction. 10.1 miles of reconstruction and 5.5 miles of 

new construction 

23.3 miles of re

Action Construction Operation Construction Operation ConstrucGEOLOGYUnique Geological Formations

No impacts expected. No impacts expected. No impacts expected. No impacts expected. No impacts exp

Geological Hazards No impacts expected. No impacts expected. No impacts expected. No impacts expected. No impacts expSoil Impacts Approximately 322.4 

acres of soil disturbed. Erosion, compaction, and soil mixing. Loss of approximately 96.0 acres of prime farmland 

Potential contamination in the event of an accidental spill or derailment. Disturbance during maintenance. 

Approximately 44.9 acres of soil disturbed.  Erosion, compaction, and soil mixing. No loss of prime farmland. 

Potential contamination in the event of an accidental spill or derailment. Disturbance during maintenance. 

Approximately acres of soil dis Erosion and socompaction. Nprime farmland

Paleontogical Resources 

Cut activities near Blue Earth River could encounter such resources. However, unlikely. 

No impacts expected. No impacts expected. No impacts expected. Reconstruction 

Blue Earth Riveencounter resouHowever, unlik

LAND USEAgriculture Loss of approximately Improved access to Adjacent to Improved rail service. Adjacent to 
Appendix E - FRA Record of Decision 

DM&E Powder River Basin Expansion Project STB EIS Impacts Summary 

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Table 4 

Summary of the Environmental Impacts of the Proposed Project 

Mankato and Rochester, Minnesota

Alternative M-2 M-3 Length 

13.3 miles of new construction. 10.1 miles of reconstruction and 5.5 miles of 

new construction 

23.3 miles of re

Action Construction Operation Construction Operation Construc

196.4 acres of agricultural land. Loss of crops in proposed right-of-way and potential damage to fencing. Inconvenience, reduced access and bisecting of fields. Increased safety concerns on roadways and rail crossings. 

rail service. Reduced access to fields. Reduced income to farmers. Decreased safety on roadways and crossing rail line. Potential contamination in the unlikely event of a spill or derailment. 

approximately 22.0 acres of agriculture land. Loss of crops if encroaching in rightof-way. Potential damage to crops and fencing. Reduced access to fields. Increased safety concerns on roadway and rail crossings. 

 Crop damage due to maintenance activities and use of herbicides. Potential contamination in the event of an accidental spill or derailment. 

approximately 7of agriculture laLoss of crops encroaching in way. Potential to fencing. Redaccess to fields increased safety concerns on roaand rail crossin

Residential Loss of approximately 

24.2 acres of residential land. Eight houses may require removal. Increased noise, dust, and safety concerns. 

Increase noise, traffic delays, safety concerns, and reduction in serenity of rural setting. 47 houses within 500 feet. 

Adjacent to approximately 1.8 miles of residential land. Noise, dust, and safety concerns. 236 houses within 500 feet. 

Increased noise, dust, safety concerns, and vehicle delays. 

Adjacent to approximately 7of agriculture laLoss of crops encroaching in way. Potential to fencing. Redaccess to fields increased safety concerns on roaand rail crossin

Business and Loss of approximately Safety concerns, noise, Adjacent to Increased noise and Temporary 
Appendix E - FRA Record of Decision 

DM&E Powder River Basin Expansion Project STB EIS Impacts Summary 

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Table 4 

Summary of the Environmental Impacts of the Proposed Project 

Mankato and Rochester, Minnesota

Alternative M-2 M-3 Length 

13.3 miles of new construction. 10.1 miles of reconstruction and 5.5 miles of 

new construction 

23.3 miles of re

Action Construction Operation Construction Operation ConstrucIndustrial 1.8 acres of business 

and industrial land. Removal of two businesses. Safety concerns, dust, noise, and vehicle delays. Inconvenience and reduced access to workers and patrons. 

and vehicle delays. Improved rail service available. 

approximately 6.5 miles of business and industrial land. Noise, dust, and vehicle delays. Inconvenience and reduced access to workers and patrons. Potential reduction in business. 

vehicle delays. Improved rail service available. Safety concerns at grade crossings. 

inconvenience tworkers and pa5.9 miles of comland adjacent to existing rail lin

Minerals and Mining 

No impacts expected. No impacts expected. Possible use of 

materials from local sources. 

No impacts expected. No impacts exp

Public Facilities Reduced access, noise, 

dust, and vehicle delays. Rerouting required for closed crossings. 

Vehicle delays at grade crossings. Increased safety concerns. 

Increased noise, vehicle delays, reduced access, and safety concerns. 

Emergency vehicles would need to establish new routes. Two new grade separations would provide increased emergency access. 

Noise, dust , andelays. Reroutiwould be requirclosed crossingImpacts may afFederal Bureau Prisons facility200 feet of the and Mayo Cliniwithin 1,000 fe
Appendix E - FRA Record of Decision 

DM&E Powder River Basin Expansion Project STB EIS Impacts Summary 

 54 of 89 

Table 4 

Summary of the Environmental Impacts of the Proposed Project 

Mankato and Rochester, Minnesota

Alternative M-2 M-3 Length 

13.3 miles of new construction. 10.1 miles of reconstruction and 5.5 miles of 

new construction 

23.3 miles of re

Action Construction Operation Construction Operation Construc

rail line. 

PUBLIC LANDS Public Parks Red Jacket Trail and 

the South Route multi use trail would be crossed. Temporary closures, noise disturbance, dust, delay, inconvenience, and increased safety concern in proximity to rail line. 

Increased noise and safety concerns in proximity to rail line. Decreased perception of solitude. 

Adjacent to Sibley Park, Minnesota River Trail, and Sakatah Singing Hills Trail. Increased noise, dust, and delays in proximity to the rail line. 

Increased trains and speeds could cause safety hazards. Increased noise disturbance for park and trail users. Decreased perception of solitude. 

No impacts exp

Public Lands No impacts expected. No impacts expected. No impacts expected. No impacts expected. Increased dust, 

and disturbance approximately of the Gordon WYeager State WManagement aradjacent to rail Increased safety concerns. 
Appendix E - FRA Record of Decision 

DM&E Powder River Basin Expansion Project STB EIS Impacts Summary 

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Table 4 

Summary of the Environmental Impacts of the Proposed Project 

Mankato and Rochester, Minnesota

Alternative M-2 M-3 Length 

13.3 miles of new construction. 10.1 miles of reconstruction and 5.5 miles of 

new construction 

23.3 miles of re

Action Construction Operation Construction Operation ConstrucWATER RESOURCESSurface Water 10 streams crossed, 

including Blue Earth River. Increased sediment, stream bank modifications, loss of aquatic habitat, degraded water quality.  Potential contamination in the event of an accidental spill. 

Potential contamination in the event of an accidental spill or derailment. 

12 streams, including the Blue Earth River crossed. Temporary increased TSS. Potential stream modifications. Potential alterations of drainage patterns. 

Potential contamination in the event of an accidental spill or derailment. 

7 perennial, 8 intermittent strecrossed. Tempincreased TSS. modification duculvert and bridreconstruction. aquatic habitat. Potential contamin the event of a 

Wetlands Loss of approximately 

24.0 acres of emergent wetlands. Change in hydrology. 

Alteration of hydrology could cause damage or loss of adjacent wetlands. Degradation in the event of an accidental spill or derailment. 

Loss of approximately 22.4 acres of emergent wetlands and 1.1 acres of forested wetlands. 

Alteration of hydrology could cause damage or loss of adjacent wetlands. Degradation in the event of an accidental spill or derailment. 

Loss 1.4 acres oriverine, 1.6 acrpalustrine-scrub22.5 acres of paemergent wetla

Groundwater Potential contamination 

in the unlikely event of 

Potential contamination in the unlikely event of an 

Potential contamination in the unlikely event of an 

Potential contamination in the unlikely event of an 

Potential contamin the unlikely 
Appendix E - FRA Record of Decision 

DM&E Powder River Basin Expansion Project STB EIS Impacts Summary 

 56 of 89 

Table 4 

Summary of the Environmental Impacts of the Proposed Project 

Mankato and Rochester, Minnesota

Alternative M-2 M-3 Length 

13.3 miles of new construction. 10.1 miles of reconstruction and 5.5 miles of 

new construction 

23.3 miles of re

Action Construction Operation Construction Operation Construc

an accidental spill. accidental spill. accidental spill. accidental spill. an accidental sp

AIR QUALITYAir Quality Temporary reduction in 

local air quality due to dust and emissions from construction activities. 

Emissions level thresholds would be exceeded for NOx at 

50 and 100 MNT. 

Temporary reduction in local air quality due to dust and emissions from construction activities. 

Emissions level thresholds would be exceeded for NOx at 

50 and 100 MNT. 

Temporary locadecrease in air due to emissiondust from constequipment. 

NOISE AND VIBRATION Noise Temporary increase in 

local noise levels from construction activities. 

Total noise receptors 65 dBA:  11 trainsWayside only - 4 Wayside/Horn-29 Horn only -114 

21 trains

Wayside only - 6 Wayside/Horn-37 Horn only -232  37 trainsWayside only - 6 Wayside/Horn-44 

Temporary increase in local noise levels from construction activities. 

Total noise receptors 65 dBA:  18 trains Wayside only - 7 Wayside/Horn-101 Horn only -1,040  28 trains

Wayside only - 7 Wayside/Horn-170 Horn only -1,584 

44 trains

Wayside only - 7 Wayside/Horn-265 

Temporary incrlocal noise leveconstruction ac
Appendix E - FRA Record of Decision 

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Table 4 

Summary of the Environmental Impacts of the Proposed Project 

Mankato and Rochester, Minnesota

Alternative M-2 M-3 Length 

13.3 miles of new construction. 10.1 miles of reconstruction and 5.5 miles of 

new construction 

23.3 miles of re

Action Construction Operation Construction Operation Construc

Horn only -384 70 dBA:  11 trainsWayside only - 0 Wayside/Horn-13 Horn only -42 

21 trains

Wayside only - 0 Wayside/Horn-22 Horn only -81  37 trainsWayside only - 1 Wayside/Horn-30 Horn only -146 

Horn only -2,235 70 dBA:  18 trainsWayside only - 1 Wayside/Horn-34 Horn only - 481  28 trainsWayside only - 5 Wayside/Horn- 46 Horn only - 589 

44 trains

Wayside only - 7 Wayside/Horn- 98 Horn only - 965 

Vibration Minor vibration may be 

experienced during construction. 

Potential damage to 7 structures within 100 feet of proposed rail line. Inconvenience to 15 structures between 101-200 feet and 25 between 201-400 feet. 

Minor vibration may be experienced during construction. 

Potential damage to 14 structures within 100 feet of rail line. Inconvenience to 63 structures between 101-200 feet and 159 between 201-400 feet. 

Minor vibration experienced duconstruction ac
Appendix E - FRA Record of Decision 

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Table 4 

Summary of the Environmental Impacts of the Proposed Project 

Mankato and Rochester, Minnesota

Alternative M-2 M-3 Length 

13.3 miles of new construction. 10.1 miles of reconstruction and 5.5 miles of 

new construction 

23.3 miles of re

Action Construction Operation Construction Operation ConstrucBIOLOGICAL RESOURCESVegetation Loss of approximately 

196.4 acres of agricultural land, 67.8 acres of woody vegetation, and 24.0 acres of emergent wetlands. Potential damage to vegetation in adjacent areas. 

Potential damage to adjacent vegetation from accidental spills or derailment. Noxious weeds may become established in disturbed areas. 

Loss of approximately 22.4 acres of wetlands within the right-ofway. Clearing of vegetation within the right-of-way. Potential damage to vegetation in adjacent areas. 

Loss and damage to adjacent vegetation during maintenance of right-of-way. 

Adjacent to approximately miles of pasturemiles of woody vegetation, and miles of crop laLoss of vegetatwithin right-of-including 25.5 wetland vegetatPotential damagloss of woody 
Appendix E - FRA Record of Decision 

DM&E Powder River Basin Expansion Project STB EIS Impacts Summary 

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Table 4 

Summary of the Environmental Impacts of the Proposed Project 

Mankato and Rochester, Minnesota

Alternative M-2 M-3 Length 

13.3 miles of new construction. 10.1 miles of reconstruction and 5.5 miles of 

new construction 

23.3 miles of re

Action Construction Operation Construction Operation Construc

vegetation and adjacent areas. 

WILDLIFEWildlife Disturbance from noise 

and human activity. Habitat loss, displacement, and mortality due to hunting, poaching, and collision with vehicles. 

Noise, disturbance, and mortality from wildlife/train collisions. 

Disturbance from noise and human activity. Habitat loss, displacement, and mortality due to hunting, poaching, and collision with vehicles. 

Noise, disturbance, and mortality from wildlife/train collisions. 

Disturbance froand human actiHabitat loss witright-of-way anadjacent areas. Temporary displacement of populations. Mand injury due thunting, poachicollisions with 

AQUATIC AND FISHERIESAquatic and Fisheries 

Increased TSS in 10 streams, including the Blue Earth River. Alteration and loss of habitat. Changes in 

Potential exposure of aquatic species to toxic substances in the event of an accidental 

Increased TSS in 12 streams, including the Blue Earth River. Alteration and loss of habitat. Changes in 

Potential exposure of aquatic species to toxic substances in the event of an accidental 

Temporary incrTSS in 7 perennstreams, includZumbro River, intermittent stre
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Table 4 

Summary of the Environmental Impacts of the Proposed Project 

Mankato and Rochester, Minnesota

Alternative M-2 M-3 Length 

13.3 miles of new construction. 10.1 miles of reconstruction and 5.5 miles of 

new construction 

23.3 miles of re

Action Construction Operation Construction Operation Construc

hydrology and water quality. Potential contamination in the event of an accidental spill. 

spill or derailment. hydrology and water 

quality. Potential contamination in the event of an accidental spill. 

spill or derailment. crossed. Aquat

habitat at crossidownstream coaltered or lost. Potential contamin the event of aaccidental spill

Sensitive, Threatened and Endangered SpeciesSensitive, Threatened and Endangered Species 

No impacts expected. No impacts expected. No impacts expected. No impacts expected. No impact expe

TRANSPORTATIONTransportation Construction of 19 

crossings: 3 state highways, 12 county and township roads, 3 city streets, and US 169. Vehicle delays, reduced access, and 

Vehicle delays and reduced access. Two crossings with ADTs above 5000. No crossings would experience a level of service below B. 

15 county roads and city streets crossed. Vehicle delays, reduced access, and inconvenience. Redesign of emergency routes. 

Increased frequency of vehicle delays with shorter delay times. No crossings with ADTs above 5000. 

Increased traffireduced access, congestion on roadways. Accwear and tear oroadways. 
Appendix E - FRA Record of Decision 

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Table 4 

Summary of the Environmental Impacts of the Proposed Project 

Mankato and Rochester, Minnesota

Alternative M-2 M-3 Length 

13.3 miles of new construction. 10.1 miles of reconstruction and 5.5 miles of 

new construction 

23.3 miles of re

Action Construction Operation Construction Operation Construc

inconvenience. Redesign of emergency routes. Accelerated wear and tear on local roadways. 

Accelerated wear and tear on local roadways. 

SAFETYSafety Vehicle delays, detours, 

traffic congestion at grade crossings, and increased construction traffic may increase accidents. Construction of 19 grade crossings on local roadways. 

Risks of accidents at new grade crossings. Potential delay of emergency vehicles. Proposed route would have 69 school bus crossings per day. 

Vehicle delays, traffic congestion, and detours. Safety risks at rail crossings and in proximity to construction activity. Increased risk of accident. Increased annual accident frequency. 

Increased frequency of vehicle delays. Existing rail line had 103 school bus crossings per day 

Vehicle delays, congestion at gcrossings, and iconstruction traincrease accide
Appendix E - FRA Record of Decision 

DM&E Powder River Basin Expansion Project STB EIS Impacts Summary 

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Table 4 

Summary of the Environmental Impacts of the Proposed Project 

Mankato and Rochester, Minnesota

Alternative M-2 M-3 Length 

13.3 miles of new construction. 10.1 miles of reconstruction and 5.5 miles of 

new construction 

23.3 miles of re

Action Construction Operation Construction Operation ConstrucHAZARDOUS MATERIALSTransportation of Hazardous Materials 

No impacts expected. Use of new rail line 

would decrease the risk of derailment. 

No impacts expected. Improvements to 

existing rail would reduce the likelihood of an accidental spill or hazardous materials. 

No impact expe

Hazardous Waste Sites 

Disturbance of unknown sites may cause exposure to contamination. 

Spills could occur in the event of a derailment or as a result of improper handling and storage of hazardous materials. 

Disturbance of unknown sites may cause exposure to contamination. 

Spills could occur in the event of a derailment or as a result of improper handling and storage of hazardous materials. 

Disturbance of unknown sites iof-way may cauexposure to contamination. 

ENERGY RESOURCESTransportation of Energy Resources 

No impacts expected. Transportation of PRB 

coal would be more economical, reliable, and efficient. 

No impacts expected. Transportation of PRB 

coal would be more economical, reliable, and efficient. 

No impacts exp
Appendix E - FRA Record of Decision 

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Table 4 

Summary of the Environmental Impacts of the Proposed Project 

Mankato and Rochester, Minnesota

Alternative M-2 M-3 Length 

13.3 miles of new construction. 10.1 miles of reconstruction and 5.5 miles of 

new construction 

23.3 miles of re

Action Construction Operation Construction Operation ConstrucUtilization of Energy Resources 

Fuel consumption increased due to use by construction equipment, transportation of materials, and delayed or rerouted rail and road traffic. 

Fuel savings and improved utilization of coal resources. 

Fuel consumption increased due to use by construction equipment, transportation of materials, and delayed or rerouted rail and road traffic. 

Fuel savings and improved utilization of coal resources. 

Fuel consumptiwould be increato use by constrequipment, transportation omaterials, and dor rerouted rail traffic. 

CULTURAL RESOURCESCultural Resources A total of 22 sites 

within a mile of proposed rail line. Five NRHP sites are located within a mile of proposed rail line. Two unevaluated sites are located within the proposed right-of-way. Resources located within the proposed right-of-way may be recovered and scientific 

No impacts expected. 14 sites identified in or 

adjacent to the existing right-of-way. 11 historic structures, consisting of culverts and bridges within the DM&E rail line rightof-way, could be damaged or lost. 

No impacts expected. 48 historic struc

such as bridges culverts, and twarcheological siwithin the existright-of-way codamaged or los
Appendix E - FRA Record of Decision 

DM&E Powder River Basin Expansion Project STB EIS Impacts Summary 

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Table 4 

Summary of the Environmental Impacts of the Proposed Project 

Mankato and Rochester, Minnesota

Alternative M-2 M-3 Length 

13.3 miles of new construction. 10.1 miles of reconstruction and 5.5 miles of 

new construction 

23.3 miles of re

Action Construction Operation Construction Operation Construc

information acquired. Possible loss of resources due to inadvertent discovery. 

SOCIOECONOMICSSocioeconomics 85 construction jobs 

created. Increased use of local businesses. Increased tax revenue. Small number of relocations due to employment opportunities. 

Increased tax revenues. High paying railroad jobs. Local unemployment decrease. Potential increase in local population. Public services could be improved. 

Increased use of local businesses. Increased tax revenue. Small number of relocations due to employment opportunities. 

Increased tax revenues. High paying railroad jobs. Local unemployment decrease. Potential increase in local population. Public services could be improved. 

32 construction created. Small of relocations demployment opportunities. Itax revenue. Inuse of local pubfacilities. 

RECREATIONRecreation Increased noise 

disturbance and safety concerns in proximity to the proposed rail line. Delays and detours on several bike 

Bike trails would cross proposed route six times. Delays at crossings. Increased safety risks to trail users and visitors to 

Alternative M-3 would cross bike trails 5 times. Increased noise disturbance at nearby parks. Vehicle delays,  reduced access, and 

Noise disturbance at nearby parks. Vehicle delays and safety concerns in proximity of rail line crossings. Alternative M-3 would 

Increased noise disturbance and concerns in proof rail line to usthree multi-use Rochester. Te
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Table 4 

Summary of the Environmental Impacts of the Proposed Project 

Mankato and Rochester, Minnesota

Alternative M-2 M-3 Length 

13.3 miles of new construction. 10.1 miles of reconstruction and 5.5 miles of 

new construction 

23.3 miles of re

Action Construction Operation Construction Operation Construc

trails which cross proposed route. Visual impacts due to the presence of construction machinery and ground disturbance. 

Mt. Kato ski area. Potential decrease in overall quality of outdoor experience. 

safety concerns. Potential decreased use of facilities near rail line. Visual impacts due to the presence of construction machinery and ground disturbance. 

cross bike trails 5 times. Potential decrease in overall quality of outdoor experience. 

detours and clocrossings. Decuse of facilities line. Visual imdue to presence construction maand ground dist

AESTHETICSWild and Scenic Rivers 

No impacts expected. No impacts expected. No impacts expected. No impacts expected. No impacts exp

Viewsheds/ Scenic Values 

Ground disturbance and the presence of construction machinery would disrupt scenic view. Breakup of natural setting. 

Permanent change of rural landscape with addition of rail line and railroad facilities. 

Ground disturbance and the presence of construction machinery would disrupt scenic view. 

New rail structures would be more noticeable due to lack of weathering and clearing of vegetation; temporary effects. 

Ground disturbthe presence of construction mawould disrupt sviews. 
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Table 5 

Summary of Environmental Impacts of Proposed Project: 

Owatonna, Minnesota and Brookings, South Dakota

Alternative Owatonna Alternative O-4 Owatonna Alternative O-5 BrooLength 

9.5 miles of reconstruction and 1.7 miles of new construction. 

9.5 miles of reconstruction with connection in right-of-way.

13.3 miles of re

Action Construction Operation Construction Operation Construction GEOLOGYUnique Geological Formations

No impacts expected. No impacts expected. No impacts expected. No impacts expected. No impacts exp

Geological Hazards No impacts expected. No impacts expected. No impacts expected. No impacts expected. No impacts expSoil Impacts Soil disturbance and 

erosion of adjacent soil.  Potential loss of productivity along the existing rail line. New construction would cause disturbance of 1.7 miles, approximately 41.2 acres, of soil. Loss of 41.2 acres of prime farmland. Drainage needed due to high water table. Soil compaction and mixing. 

Potential contamination from accidental spills of hazardous materials. 

Disturbance along 8.9 miles, approximately 216.9 acres, of existing right-of-way. Soil disturbance and erosion of adjacent soil. Potential loss of productivity. 

Potential contamination from accidental spills of hazardous materials. 

Disturbance of along 13.5 mileapproximately acres, of existinline. Soil mixinerosion, loss of productivity, ancompaction. Nprime farmland

Paleontogical Impacts considered No impact expected. Impacts considered No impact expected. No impacts exp
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Table 5 

Summary of Environmental Impacts of Proposed Project: 

Owatonna, Minnesota and Brookings, South Dakota

Alternative Owatonna Alternative O-4 Owatonna Alternative O-5 BrooLength 

9.5 miles of reconstruction and 1.7 miles of new construction. 

9.5 miles of reconstruction with connection in right-of-way.

13.3 miles of re

Action Construction Operation Construction Operation Construction Resources unlikely. unlikely. LAND USEAgriculture Loss of crops that 

encroach on right-ofway. Reduced access, inconvenience along the existing rail line. Loss and damage of crops. New construction would cross approximately 1.7 miles of agricultural land. Approximately 41.2 acres of prime farmland would be lost. Reduced access and increased safety concerns. 

Potential damage due to right-of-way maintenance activities. Reduced field access. Increased inconvenience to farmers along existing rail line. Reduced safety along roadways and unprotected crossings. Reduced access. Reduced farm income. 

Adjacent to 6.1 miles of agriculture land. Loss of crops that encroach on right-ofway. Reduced access, inconvenience. 

Potential damage due to right-of-way maintenance activities. Reduced field access. Increased inconvenience to farmers.

Adjacent to approximately miles of croplan5.6 miles of pasgrassland. Soil compaction and damage. Loss oif encroaching railroad right-oReduced accessinconvenience, vehicle delays. Increased safety concerns. Potencontamination odamage in the ean accidental sp

Residential Temporary increase in 

noise, dust, and vehicle delays along the existing rail line. No 

Long term increase in noise and vehicle delays 

Adjacent to approximately 1.5 miles of residential land. Temporary 

Long term increase in noise and vehicle delays.

Adjacent to approximately 2of residential laNoise, dust, 
Appendix E - FRA Record of Decision 

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Table 5 

Summary of Environmental Impacts of Proposed Project: 

Owatonna, Minnesota and Brookings, South Dakota

Alternative Owatonna Alternative O-4 Owatonna Alternative O-5 BrooLength 

9.5 miles of reconstruction and 1.7 miles of new construction. 

9.5 miles of reconstruction with connection in right-of-way.

13.3 miles of re

Action Construction Operation Construction Operation Construction 

residences are located adjacent to the connection. 

increase in noise, dust, and vehicle delays. 

inconvenience, concerns, and vdelays. 

Business and Industrial 

Adjacent to approximately 3.4 miles of business and industrial land. Temporary increase in dust, noise, and vehicle delays. 

Connection could create a desirable location for industrial development. 

Adjacent to approximately 3.4 miles of business and industrial land. Temporary increase in dust, noise, and vehicle delays. 

Improved rail service to shippers. Other businesses may begin to use rail service. New business could move to area to gain access to rail service. 

Adjacent to approximately of commercial Reduced accessconcerns, poteninterruption of service. Noise, and vehicle delInconvenience workers and paPotential for temreduction in bu

Minerals and Mining 

No impacts expected. No impacts expected. No impacts expected. No impacts expected. No impacts exp

Public Facilities Temporary increase in 

noise, dust, and vehicle delays to a Church - 0.2 miles away, hospital - 0.9 miles away, and school - 0.2 miles 

Increased noise, dust, and vehicle delays. Potential safety concerns for pedestrians. 

Temporary increase in noise, dust, and vehicle delays to a Church - 0.2 miles away, hospital - 0.9 miles away, and 

Increased noise, dust, and vehicle delays. Potential safety concerns for pedestrians. 

Vehicle delays, increased road and safety conInconvenience reduced accessRerouting requi
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Table 5 

Summary of Environmental Impacts of Proposed Project: 

Owatonna, Minnesota and Brookings, South Dakota

Alternative Owatonna Alternative O-4 Owatonna Alternative O-5 BrooLength 

9.5 miles of reconstruction and 1.7 miles of new construction. 

9.5 miles of reconstruction with connection in right-of-way.

13.3 miles of re

Action Construction Operation Construction Operation Construction 

away. school - 0.2 miles 

away. 

closed crossing

FEDERAL LANDS Public Lands No impacts expected. No impacts expected. No impacts expected. No impacts expected. No impacts expWATER RESOURCESSurface Water Temporary increase in 

TSS from erosion and instream work in two intermittent and one perennial stream. with the addition of crossings of two intermittent streams. 

Potential contamination from accidental spill or use of herbicides. 

 Temporary increase in TSS from erosion and instream work in two intermittent and one perennial stream. 

Potential contamination from accidental spill or use of herbicides. 

10 intermittent one perennial wbody, and Big SRiver crossed. Increased sedimstream modificaand potential loaquatic habitat. Potential contamin the event of aaccidental spill

Wetlands Potential damage or 

loss of adjacent wetlands due to sedimentation along the existing rail line. 

Impacts would be similar to those presented for Alternative O-2 along the existing rail line. 

Loss of approximately 3.9 acres of emergent wetlands in right-ofway. Potential damage or loss of 

Adjacent wetlands could be damaged in the event of an accidental spill.

Loss of approxi28.1 acres of emwetlands, 0.7 aaquatic beds, 0of unconsolida
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Table 5 

Summary of Environmental Impacts of Proposed Project: 

Owatonna, Minnesota and Brookings, South Dakota

Alternative Owatonna Alternative O-4 Owatonna Alternative O-5 BrooLength 

9.5 miles of reconstruction and 1.7 miles of new construction. 

9.5 miles of reconstruction with connection in right-of-way.

13.3 miles of re

Action Construction Operation Construction Operation Construction 

Sedimentation and changes in hydrology could affect adjacent wetlands. 

Loss of wetlands adjacent to connection due to changes in hydrology. 

adjacent wetlands due to sedimentation. 

bottom, and 0.9 riverine streambSedimentation, disturbance, anaccidental spillcause damage oadjacent wetlan

Groundwater Potential 

contamination in the event of an accidental spill. 

Potential contamination in the event of a chemical spill. 

Potential contamination in the event of an accidental spill. 

Potential contamination in the event of a chemical spill. 

Potential contamin the event of aaccidental spill

AIR QUALITYAir Quality Temporary increase of 

fugitive dust. Emissions from construction equipment and delayed vehicles. 

Threshold emissions level exceeded for NOx at 50 and 100 

MNT. 

Temporary increase of fugitive dust. Emissions from construction equipment and delayed vehicles. 

Threshold emissions level exceeded for NOx at 50 and 100 

MNT. 

Temporary locadecrease in air due to emissiondust. 

NOISE AND VIBRATION Noise Temporary increase in 

local noise levels due to 

Total increase in noise receptors at 

65 dBA: 

Temporary increase in local noise levels due 

Total increase in noise receptors at 

65 dBA: 

Temporary incrlocal noise leve
Appendix E - FRA Record of Decision 

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Table 5 

Summary of Environmental Impacts of Proposed Project: 

Owatonna, Minnesota and Brookings, South Dakota

Alternative Owatonna Alternative O-4 Owatonna Alternative O-5 BrooLength 

9.5 miles of reconstruction and 1.7 miles of new construction. 

9.5 miles of reconstruction with connection in right-of-way.

13.3 miles of re

Action Construction Operation Construction Operation Construction 

construction activities. 11 trains

Wayside 0 Wayside/horn 3 Horn 1 

21 trains

Wayside 1 Wayside/horn 64 Horn 155  37 trainsWayside 16 Wayside/horn 139 Horn 430 70 dBA:  11 trainsWayside 0 Wayside/horn 3 Horn 3  21 trainsWayside 2 Wayside/horn 25 Horn 87  37 trainsWayside 9 Wayside/horn 64 Horn 263

to construction activities. 

 11 trainsWayside 0 Wayside/horn 3 Horn 1 

21 trains

Wayside 1 Wayside/horn 64 Horn 155  37 trainsWayside 16 Wayside/horn 139 Horn 430 70 dBA:  11 trainsWayside 0 Wayside/horn 3 Horn 3  21 trainsWayside 2 Wayside/horn 25 Horn 87  37 trainsWayside 9 Wayside/horn 64 Horn 263

construction ac

Vibration Minor vibrations may 27 structures within Minor vibrations may 27 structures within Minor vibration 
Appendix E - FRA Record of Decision 

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Table 5 

Summary of Environmental Impacts of Proposed Project: 

Owatonna, Minnesota and Brookings, South Dakota

Alternative Owatonna Alternative O-4 Owatonna Alternative O-5 BrooLength 

9.5 miles of reconstruction and 1.7 miles of new construction. 

9.5 miles of reconstruction with connection in right-of-way.

13.3 miles of re

Action Construction Operation Construction Operation Construction 

be experienced during construction activities. 

100 feet, 82 between 101-200 feet, and 268 between 201-400. No known structures with sensitive equipment. 

be experienced during construction activities. 

100 feet, 82 between 101-200 feet, and 268 between 201-400. No known structures with sensitive equipment. 

experienced duconstruction ac

BIOLOGICAL RESOURCESVegetation Adjacent to 

approximately 1.0 miles of pasture land, 3.3 miles of woodland, and 6.1 miles of cropland. Loss of or damage to vegetation in right-ofway with an additional 36.4 acres of cropland being converted to railroad right-of-way. 

Potential damage to adjacent vegetation during maintenance activities adjacent to an additional 3.0 miles of cropland. Potential damage during maintenance of rightof-way. 

Adjacent to approximately 1.0 miles of pasture land, 3.3 miles of woodland, and 6.1 miles of cropland. Loss of or damage to vegetation in right-of-way. 

Potential damage to adjacent vegetation during maintenance activities.

Adjacent to approximately 5of grassland, 1.of wooded fenc1.3 miles of weand 10.2 miles cropland. Cleardamage by conequipment and herbicide use, tand mowing, anground disturbaPotential loss odamage in the ean accidental sp

WILDLIFE
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Table 5 

Summary of Environmental Impacts of Proposed Project: 

Owatonna, Minnesota and Brookings, South Dakota

Alternative Owatonna Alternative O-4 Owatonna Alternative O-5 BrooLength 

9.5 miles of reconstruction and 1.7 miles of new construction. 

9.5 miles of reconstruction with connection in right-of-way.

13.3 miles of re

Action Construction Operation Construction Operation Construction Wildlife Temporary disturbance 

from noise and human activity. Loss of habitat with an additional 36.4 acres of cropland habitat lost. 

High frequency of disturbance from increased train traffic.  Mortality from wildlife/train collisions. 

Temporary disturbance from noise and human activity. Loss of habitat. 

High frequency of disturbance from increased train traffic.  Mortality from wildlife/train collisions. 

Disturbance froincreased noise human activity. Displacement, hloss, and increamortality. Potendegradation of in the event of aaccidental spill

AQUATIC AND FISHERIESAquatic and Fisheries 

2 intermittent streams crossed. Temporary increase in TSS. Alteration or loss of aquatic habitat at crossings and downstream with 2 additional intermittent streams. 

Potential contamination due to the accidental release of toxic substances or derailment. 

2 perennial and 2 intermittent streams crossed. Temporary increase in TSS. Alteration or loss of aquatic habitat at crossings and downstream. 

Potential contamination due to the accidental release of toxic substances or derailment. 

Alteration or loavailable habitaIncreased sedim reduced food resources. Chanhydrology, channatural movememigration patteAccidental spillpose hazards to organisms. 

Sensitive, Threatened and Endangered Species
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Table 5 

Summary of Environmental Impacts of Proposed Project: 

Owatonna, Minnesota and Brookings, South Dakota

Alternative Owatonna Alternative O-4 Owatonna Alternative O-5 BrooLength 

9.5 miles of reconstruction and 1.7 miles of new construction. 

9.5 miles of reconstruction with connection in right-of-way.

13.3 miles of re

Action Construction Operation Construction Operation Construction Sensitive, Threatened and Endangered Species 

No impacts expected. No impacts expected. No impacts expected. No impacts expected. No impacts exp

TRANSPORTATIONTransportation Increased traffic, 

reduced access, and traffic congestion on local roadways. Accelerated wear and tear on local roadways with construction of two additional grade crossings. 

Two public crossings with ADTs over 5,000 would experience a reduction in delay per stopped vehicle and maximum queue length with an increased frequency of delays. 

Increased traffic, reduced access, and traffic congestion on local roadways. Accelerated wear and tear on local roadways. 

Two public crossings with ADTs over 5,000 would experience a reduction in delay per stopped vehicle and maximum queue length with an increased frequency of delays. 

Temporary clos18 grade crossiVehicle delays, access, reroutintraffic congestiIncreased wear on local roadwa

SAFETYSafety Vehicle delays, traffic 

congestion, and increased construction related traffic may increase risk of 

Accident frequency would decrease at 20 MNT and 50 MNT levels; increase at 100 MNT. Increase would 

Vehicle delays, traffic congestion, and increased construction related traffic may increase risk of 

Accident frequency would decrease at 20 MNT and 50 MNT levels; increase at 100 MNT. Increase would 

Congestion and increased safety concerns. Routemergency vehredesigned to a
Appendix E - FRA Record of Decision 

DM&E Powder River Basin Expansion Project STB EIS Impacts Summary 

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Table 5 

Summary of Environmental Impacts of Proposed Project: 

Owatonna, Minnesota and Brookings, South Dakota

Alternative Owatonna Alternative O-4 Owatonna Alternative O-5 BrooLength 

9.5 miles of reconstruction and 1.7 miles of new construction. 

9.5 miles of reconstruction with connection in right-of-way.

13.3 miles of re

Action Construction Operation Construction Operation Construction 

accidents. be below the level of 

significance. 

accidents. be below the level of 

significance. 

delays. 

HAZARDOUS MATERIALSTransportation of Hazardous Materials 

No impacts expected. Reduced potential for 

accidents due to improved condition of existing rail line. 

No impacts expected. Reduced potential for 

accidents due to improved condition of existing rail line. 

No impacts exp

Hazardous Waste Sites 

Disturbance of unknown sites in rightof-way may cause exposure to contamination. 

Spills could occur in the event of a derailment or result from improper handling and storage of hazardous materials. 

Disturbance of unknown sites in rightof-way may cause exposure to contamination. 

Spills could occur in the event of a derailment or result from improper handling and storage of hazardous materials. 

Disturbance of unknown sites mcause exposure contamination. Improper handlstorage of hazamaterials could contamination. 
Appendix E - FRA Record of Decision 

DM&E Powder River Basin Expansion Project STB EIS Impacts Summary 

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Table 5 

Summary of Environmental Impacts of Proposed Project: 

Owatonna, Minnesota and Brookings, South Dakota

Alternative Owatonna Alternative O-4 Owatonna Alternative O-5 BrooLength 

9.5 miles of reconstruction and 1.7 miles of new construction. 

9.5 miles of reconstruction with connection in right-of-way.

13.3 miles of re

Action Construction Operation Construction Operation Construction ENERGY RESOURCESTransportation of Energy Resources 

No impacts expected. Transportation of 

PRB coal would be more economical, reliable, and efficient.

No impacts expected. Transportation of 

PRB coal would be more economical, reliable, and efficient.

No impacts exp

Utilization of Energy Resources 

Fuel consumption increased due to use by construction equipment, transportation of materials, and delayed or rerouted rail and road traffic. 

Fuel savings and improved utilization of coal resources. 

Fuel consumption increased due to use by construction equipment, transportation of materials, and delayed or rerouted rail and road traffic. 

Fuel savings and improved utilization of coal resources. 

Fuel consumptiincreased due to construction eqtransportation omaterials, and dor rerouted rail traffic. 

CULTURAL RESOURCESCultural Resources 11 historic structures 

within the existing rail line right-of-way could be damaged or lost. 

No impacts expected. 11 historic structures 

within the existing rail line right-of-way could be damaged or lost. 

No impacts expected. No impacts exp

SOCIOECONOMICSSocioeconomics 49 construction jobs Increased tax revenue. 49 construction jobs Increased tax revenue. Creation of 62 
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Table 5 

Summary of Environmental Impacts of Proposed Project: 

Owatonna, Minnesota and Brookings, South Dakota

Alternative Owatonna Alternative O-4 Owatonna Alternative O-5 BrooLength 

9.5 miles of reconstruction and 1.7 miles of new construction. 

9.5 miles of reconstruction with connection in right-of-way.

13.3 miles of re

Action Construction Operation Construction Operation Construction 

created. Small number of relocations due to employment opportunities. Increased tax revenue. Increased use of local public facilities. 

 High paying railroad jobs and local unemployment decrease. Potential increase in population.  Public services could be improved.

created. Small number of relocations due to employment opportunities. Increased tax revenue.  Increased use of local public facilities. 

 High paying railroad jobs and local unemployment decrease. Potential increase in population.  Public services could be improved.

construction joban estimated 30 jobs. Small numrelocations due employment opportunities. Aestimated $9.2 in construction earnings and approximately million in sales taxes in South DIncreased use ofacilities. 

RECREATIONRecreation Negative impacts due to 

noise, dust, construction activity, and increased traffic. Reduced safety in proximity of the rail line. Crowding in areas further from construction areas. 

Six parks and Straight River canoeing area located within 0.5 mile of existing rail line. Reduced safety near tracks due to more frequent and higher speed trains. Increased noise. 

Negative impacts due to noise, dust, construction activity, and increased traffic. Reduced safety in proximity of the rail line. Crowding in areas further from construction areas. 

Six parks and Straight River canoeing area located within 0.5 mile of existing rail line. Reduced safety near tracks due to more frequent and higher speed trains. Increased noise. 

Increased noisevehicle delays, safety concerns proximity to the line. Temporarclosure, detoursdecreased use otrails which crorail line. Visua
Appendix E - FRA Record of Decision 

DM&E Powder River Basin Expansion Project STB EIS Impacts Summary 

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Table 5 

Summary of Environmental Impacts of Proposed Project: 

Owatonna, Minnesota and Brookings, South Dakota

Alternative Owatonna Alternative O-4 Owatonna Alternative O-5 BrooLength 

9.5 miles of reconstruction and 1.7 miles of new construction. 

9.5 miles of reconstruction with connection in right-of-way.

13.3 miles of re

Action Construction Operation Construction Operation Construction 

Reduced use of facilities. 

Disturbance of activities such as picnicking, hiking, ball games, swimming, and  canoeing. Decreased use of facilities near rail line. 

Reduced use of facilities. 

Disturbance of activities such as picnicking, hiking, ball games, swimming, and  canoeing. Decreased use of facilities near rail line. 

impacts due to presence of maand ground dist

AESTHETICSWild and Scenic Rivers

No impacts expected. No impacts expected. No impacts expected. No impacts expected. No impacts exp

Viewsheds/ Scenic Values 

Temporary visual impacts due to construction activities. 

New rail and structures would be more noticeable due to lack of weathering and cleared vegetation; temporary. 

Temporary visual impacts due to construction activities. 

New rail and structures would be more noticeable due to lack of weathering and cleared vegetation; temporary. 

Ground disturbthe presence of construction mawould disrupt sviews. 
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Table 6 

Summary of Environmental Impacts of the Proposed Project 

Staging and Marshalling Yards – Minnesota, South Dakota and Wyoming

Alternative 

Minnesota Rebuild South Dakota Rebuild South D

Action Construction Operation Construction Operation Construction GEOLOGYUnique Geological Formations

No impacts expected. No impacts expected. No impacts expected. No impacts expected. No impacts exp

Geological Hazards No impacts expected. No impacts expected. No impacts expected. No impacts expected. No impacts expSoil Impacts Increased erosion and runoff. Approximately 

358.7 of soil, including 292.4 acres of prime farmland, converted to a rail yard facility. 

Potential contamination in the event of an accidental spill or improper handling of hazardous materials. 

Approximately 606.1 acres of soil converted to railroad right-ofway. No prime farmland lost. Increased erosion and runoff. 

Potential contamination in the event of an accidental spill or improper handling of hazardous materials. 

Increased erosirun-off. Appro1,048.7 acres oconverted to raifacility. No prifarmland lost. 

Paleontogical Resources 

No impacts expected. No impacts expected. No impacts expected. No impacts expected. No impacts exp

LAND USEAgriculture Approximately 342.4 acres of agriculture land 

lost. Approximately 12.8 acres of wooded fence rows and wood lots cleared. 

No impacts expected. Approximately 535.8 

acres of agriculture land lost. Potential loss or damage of crops. Reduced access to fields, inconvenience. 

No impacts expected. Loss of approxi

1,048.7 acres orangeland and c Loss of grazing and forage acrerelocation of livreduced access, 
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Table 6 

Summary of Environmental Impacts of the Proposed Project 

Staging and Marshalling Yards – Minnesota, South Dakota and Wyoming

Alternative 

Minnesota Rebuild South Dakota Rebuild South D

Action Construction Operation Construction Operation Construction 

inconvenience tranchers and fa

Residential Approximately 1.6 acres of residential land 

within proposed yard sites. 17 houses within 500 feet of proposed yards. Two houses within the proposed rail yard site removed or converted to railroad use. 

Inconvenience due to road closures and increased noise. 

No residential land within proposed yard sites. 21 houses within 500 feet. Noise, dust, reduced access. 

Inconvenience due to road closures and increased noise. 

No residences alocated within 5of the proposed Seven residenclocated within 5of the proposed interchange in Edgemont. Incnoise, dust, trafdelays, inconveand reduced acc

Business and Industrial 

Noise, dust, increased road traffic, vehicle delays, and road closures. Approximately 1.3 acres of business and industrial land within the proposed rail yard sites. One business within the right-of-way moved. Two businesses within 500 feet of the proposed yards. 

Increased noise. No business and 

industrial land within the proposed rail yards. 11 businesses within 500 feet, including the Omaha Boys Home. Increased noise, dust, reduced access. 

Increased noise. No impacts exp
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Table 6 

Summary of Environmental Impacts of the Proposed Project 

Staging and Marshalling Yards – Minnesota, South Dakota and Wyoming

Alternative 

Minnesota Rebuild South Dakota Rebuild South D

Action Construction Operation Construction Operation Construction Minerals and Mining 

May increase demand for suitable materials. 

Facilitate project providing additional access to PRB coal. 

May increase demand for suitable materials. 

May increase demand for suitable materials. 

May increase dfor suitable mat

Public Facilities No impacts expected. No impacts expected. No impacts expected. No impacts expected. No impacts expFEDERAL LANDS Federal Lands No impacts expected. No impacts expected. Increased dust and sediment could affect 

Waterfowl Production area. Noise disturbance. 

Presence of rail yard within 4,000 feet of a National Waterfowl Production Area could change hydrology and affect wetlands. 

Inconvenience, access, vehicle loss of grazing relocation of livLoss of approxi2.1 miles, 50.0 Wyoming State 

Public Parks No impacts expected. Increased noise, dust, 

and vehicle delays. Disturbance of park users in proximity to rail yards. Crowding in areas farther from rail yards. Possible decreased use and loss of revenue. 

No impacts expected. No impacts expected. No impacts exp

WATER RESOURCESSurface Water Channelization and stream bank Scouring and erosion of streams. Potential Potential contamination in the Potential contamination due to Channelization 

stream bank 
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Table 6 

Summary of Environmental Impacts of the Proposed Project 

Staging and Marshalling Yards – Minnesota, South Dakota and Wyoming

Alternative 

Minnesota Rebuild South Dakota Rebuild South D

Action Construction Operation Construction Operation Construction 

modifications. Increased sediment. Potential contamination in the event of an accidental spill. 3 intermittent streams crossed. Cottonwood River crossed one time. 

contamination due to run-off, accidental spills, or improper handling of hazardous materials. 

event of an accidental spill 

run-off, accidental spills, or improper handling of hazardous materials. 

modifications. Increased sedimerosion. Potentcontamination ievent of an accispill. 7 intermistreams crossed

Wetlands Potential disturbance or damage of adjacent 

wetland areas.Approximately 5.2 acres of palustrine emergent wetland, and 9.0 acres of scrub/shrub wetland lost.

Adjacent wetlands altered or lost due to changes in hydrology, or potentially damaged in the event of an accidental discharge of hazardous materials from rail yards. 

Approximately 65.7 acres of palustrine emergent wetlands lost. Potential damage or loss in the event of an accidental spill. 

Changes in hydrology could affect adjacent wetlands. Potential damage or loss in the event of an accidental spill or improper handling of hazardous materials. 

Approximately acres of palustremergent wetla Potential damaloss of adjacent wetlands in the an accidental sp

Groundwater Potential contamination during construction in 

the event of an accidental spill or improper handling of hazardous materials. 

Potential contamination during operation in the event of an accidental spill or improper handling of hazardous materials. 

Potential contamination in the event of an accidental spill. 

Potential contamination in the event of an accidental spill or improper handling of hazardous materials. 

Possibility of contamination ievent of an accispill. 

AIR QUALITYAir Quality Temporary reduction in local air quality due to Thresholds exceeded for CO at 100 MNT Temporary reduction in local air quality due Thresholds exceeded for CO and NOx at all Temporary redu

local air quality 
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Table 6 

Summary of Environmental Impacts of the Proposed Project 

Staging and Marshalling Yards – Minnesota, South Dakota and Wyoming

Alternative 

Minnesota Rebuild South Dakota Rebuild South D

Action Construction Operation Construction Operation Construction 

construction activities, fugitive dust, and equipment emissions. 

and NOx at all 

operating levels in the East Yard and Waseca Yard; and NOx at 50 and 100 

MNT in the Middle East Yard. 

to construction activities, fugitive dust, and equipment emissions. 

operating levels for Central Yard 

construction acfugitive dust, anequipment emis

NOISE AND VIBRATION Noise Temporary increase in local noise levels. Increased local noise from yard operations 

and idling locomotives. Minimal increase to noise receptors. 17 noise receptors within 500 feet. 

Temporary increase in local noise levels. 

Impacts would be similar to those presented for Alternative B. 21noise receptors within 500 feet. 

Temporary incrlocal noise leve

Vibration Minor increase in local vibration levels. No known facilities likely to use sensitive 

equipment within 400 feet. Inconvenience to 17 structures within 500 feet.

Minor increase in local vibration levels. 

Inconvenience to 21 structures located within 500 feet of the proposed rail facilities.  No known hospitals or facilities likely to use sensitive equipment within 400 feet. 

Minor vibrationbe experienced construction ac
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Table 6 

Summary of Environmental Impacts of the Proposed Project 

Staging and Marshalling Yards – Minnesota, South Dakota and Wyoming

Alternative 

Minnesota Rebuild South Dakota Rebuild South D

Action Construction Operation Construction Operation Construction BIOLOGICAL RESOURCESVegetation Potential disturbance to adjacent vegetation.

Approximately 342.5 acres of cropland, 12.8 acres of woody vegetation, and 14.2 acres of wetland vegetation lost. 

Mowing and trimming around yard perimeter. Potential damage due to leakage of accidental spills or herbicide use. Introduction of noxious weeds in disturbed areas.

Approximately 535.8 acres of cropland and 65.7 acres of wetland vegetation lost. Damage may occur to vegetation in adjacent areas. 

Mowing and trimming around yard perimeter. Potential damage or disturbance of vegetation in adjacent areas during maintenance. Potential damage due to leakage of accidental spills or herbicide use. Introduction of noxious weeds in disturbed areas. 

Approximately acres of grasslavegetation and of wetland vegelost. Damage mto vegetation in adjacent areas. 

WILDLIFEWildlife Loss of habitat, disturbance due to noise 

and human presence. Mortality due to hunting, poaching, and machinery and vehicle operation. Nest loss for ground and tree nesting birds. 

Disturbance from noise and human activity. Mortality or injury within yard boundaries. Potential contamination in the event of leakage of accidental spills. 

Loss of habitat, disturbance due to noise and human presence. Mortality due to hunting, poaching, and machinery and vehicle operation. Nest loss for ground and tree 

Disturbance from noise and human activity. Mortality or injury within yard boundaries. Potential contamination in the event of leakage of accidental spill. 

Loss of habitat, disturbance due and human presMortality due to hunting, poachimachinery and operation. Nesground nesting 
Appendix E - FRA Record of Decision 

DM&E Powder River Basin Expansion Project STB EIS Impacts Summary 

 85 of 89 

Table 6 

Summary of Environmental Impacts of the Proposed Project 

Staging and Marshalling Yards – Minnesota, South Dakota and Wyoming

Alternative 

Minnesota Rebuild South Dakota Rebuild South D

Action Construction Operation Construction Operation Construction 

nesting birds. 

AQUATIC AND FISHERIESAquatic and Fisheries 

Temporary increase in TSS. Loss of habitat. 

Potential change in hydrology. Potential contamination from surface water runoff. 

Temporary increase in TSS. 3 intermittent streams and 3 stock ponds within yard boundaries. Loss of habitat. 

Potential change in hydrology. Potential contamination from surface water run-off.

Temporary incrTSS. Loss of h

Sensitive, Threatened and Endangered SpeciesSensitive, Threatened and Endangered Species 

No impacts expected. No impacts expected. No impacts expected. No impacts expected. Swift fox and m

plovers may be by habitat loss displacement. Disturbance dunoise and humaactivity. Mortato collision with vehicles. 

TRANSPORTATIONTransportation Vehicle delays, inconvenience, rerouted 

traffic. Reduced access. Increased wear 

Vehicle delays, congestion, and increased safety concern on local 

7 public roadways with low ADTs rerouted or terminated. Vehicle delays, 

Vehicle delays, inconvenience, rerouted traffic. 

2 public roadwalow ADTs re-roterminated. Vedelays, congest
Appendix E - FRA Record of Decision 

DM&E Powder River Basin Expansion Project STB EIS Impacts Summary 

 86 of 89 

Table 6 

Summary of Environmental Impacts of the Proposed Project 

Staging and Marshalling Yards – Minnesota, South Dakota and Wyoming

Alternative 

Minnesota Rebuild South Dakota Rebuild South D

Action Construction Operation Construction Operation Construction 

and tear on local roads.3 public roadways with low ADTs re-routed or terminated. 

roadways. Permanent detour of traffic to new routes. 

inconvenience, rerouted traffic. 

inconvenience, increased safety concerns. 

SAFETYSafety Increased risk of accident due to rerouted 

traffic and the presence of construction vehicles on local roadways. Reduced access of emergency vehicles. 

Increase in traffic levels may increase risk of accidents on local roadways. Reduced access of emergency vehicles. 

Increased risk of accident due to rerouted traffic and the presence of construction vehicles on local roadways. Reduce access of emergency vehicles. 

Increase in traffic levels may increase risk of accidents on local roadways. Reduce access of emergency vehicles.

Increased risk oaccidents on locroadways due tincreased traffipresence of construction veReduced access emergency veh

HAZARDOUS MATERIALSTransportation of Hazardous Materials 

No increase in the amount or type of hazardous materials transported by DM&E. 

No increase in the amount or type of hazardous materials transported by DM&E. 

No increase in the amount or type of hazardous materials transported by DM&E. 

No increase in the amount or type of hazardous materials transported by DM&E.

No increase in tamount or type hazardous matetransported by D

Hazardous Waste Sites 

Disturbance of unknown sites may cause exposure to contamination. 

Potential contamination in the event of an accidental spill or improper handling of hazardous substances. 

Disturbance of unknown sites may cause exposure to contamination. 

Potential contamination in the event of an accidental spill or improper handling of hazardous substances.

Disturbance of unknown sites mcause exposure contamination. 
Appendix E - FRA Record of Decision 

DM&E Powder River Basin Expansion Project STB EIS Impacts Summary 

 87 of 89 

Table 6 

Summary of Environmental Impacts of the Proposed Project 

Staging and Marshalling Yards – Minnesota, South Dakota and Wyoming

Alternative 

Minnesota Rebuild South Dakota Rebuild South D

Action Construction Operation Construction Operation Construction ENERGY RESOURCESTransportation of Energy Resources 

No impacts expected. All rail yards would 

facilitate the efficient transportation of energy resources.

No impacts expected. All rail yards would 

facilitate the efficient transportation of energy resources. 

No impacts exp

Utilization of Energy Resources 

No impacts expected. More efficient rail line 

and rail facilities would facilitate better use of energy resources.

No impacts expected. More efficient rail line 

and rail facilities would facilitate better use of energy resources.

No impacts exp

Cultural Resources No known sites. Any 

resources located within the proposed yard site may be recovered and scientific information acquired. Possible loss of resources due to inadvertent discovery. 

No impacts expected. No known sites. Any 

resources located within the proposed yard site may be recovered and scientific information acquired. Possible loss of resources due to inadvertent discovery. 

No impacts expected. No known sites

resources locatethe proposed yamay be recoverscientific informacquired. Possof resources duinadvertent disc

SOCIOECONOMICSSocioeconomics Approximately 119 two-year jobs created. 

Small number of relocations due to 

Approximately 365-450 jobs at full operating level. Estimated $18 million 

Approximately 117 two year jobs created. Small number of relocations due to 

Approximately 240-350 jobs at full operating level. Estimated $12 million 

Approximately year jobs createSmall number orelocations due 
Appendix E - FRA Record of Decision 

DM&E Powder River Basin Expansion Project STB EIS Impacts Summary 

 88 of 89 

Table 6 

Summary of Environmental Impacts of the Proposed Project 

Staging and Marshalling Yards – Minnesota, South Dakota and Wyoming

Alternative 

Minnesota Rebuild South Dakota Rebuild South D

Action Construction Operation Construction Operation Construction 

employment opportunities. Increased tax revenue. Increased use of local public facilities. 

in earnings at full operation and an estimated $2.2 million in tax revenues paid. Potential increase in local populations. Improvement of public services. 

employment opportunities. Increased tax revenue.  Increased use of local public facilities. 

per year in earning at full operation, and estimated $1.2 million in tax revenues paid. Potential increase in local populations. Improvement of public services. 

employment opportunities. Increased tax reIncreased use ofacilities. 

RECREATIONRecreation No impacts expected. Increased noise, dust, and vehicle delays. 

Disturbance of park users in proximity to rail yards. Crowding in areas farther from rail yards. Possible decreased use. 

No impacts expected. No impacts expected. No impacts exp

AESTHETICSWild and Scenic Rivers 

No impacts expected. No impacts expected. No impacts expected. No impacts expected. No impacts exp

Viewsheds/ Scenic Values 

Ground disturbance and the presence of construction equipment 

The presence of rail yards would change the appearance of local 

Ground disturbance and the presence of construction 

The presence of a rail yard would change the appearance of local 

Ground disturbthe presence of construction eq
Appendix E - FRA Record of Decision 

DM&E Powder River Basin Expansion Project STB EIS Impacts Summary 

 89 of 89 

Table 6 

Summary of Environmental Impacts of the Proposed Project 

Staging and Marshalling Yards – Minnesota, South Dakota and Wyoming

Alternative 

Minnesota Rebuild South Dakota Rebuild South D

Action Construction Operation Construction Operation Construction 

would disrupt local scenery. 

scenery. equipment would 

disrupt local scenery. 

scenery. would disrupt l

scenery.