North State Aerial Imaging

Paul Benson, CEO

265 Boeing Ave.

Chico, CA 95973

U. S. Department of Transportation Docket Management System

1200 New Jersey Ave., SE 

Washington, DC 20590 

Re: Exemption Request Section 333 of the FAA Reform Act and Part 11 of the Federal Aviation Regulations from 

14 CFR 61.113 (a) & (b) 14 CFR 91.9 (b) (2) 14 C.F.R. 91.103 14 C.F. R. 91.119 14 C.F.R. 91.121 14 CFR 91.151 (a) 

14 CFR 91.405 (a) 14 CFR 407 (a) (1) 14 CFR 409 (a) (2) 14 CFR 417 (a) & (b) 

To Whom It May Concern: 

This application is being submitted on my own behalf.

Pursuant to Section 333 of the FAA Modernization and Reform Act of 2012 (the Reform Act) and 14 C.F.R. Part 

11, North State Aerial imaging, operator of Small Unmanned Aircraft Systems (“sUASs”) equipped to conduct 

aerial photography and videography for the real estate industry, hereby applies for an exemption from the listed 

Federal Aviation Regulations (“FARs”) to allow commercial operation of its sUASs, so long as such operations are 

conducted within and under the conditions outlined herein or as may be established by the FAA as required by 

Section 333.1 

As described more fully below, the requested exemption would permit the operation of small, unmanned and 

relatively inexpensive sUAS under controlled conditions in airspace that is:

1) limited 

2) predetermined 

3) controlled as to access and 

4) would provide safety enhancements to the already safe operations in the real estate industry presently using 

conventional aircraft. Approval of this exemption would thereby enhance safety and fulfill the Secretary of 

Transportation’s (the FAA Administrator’s) responsibilities to “...establish requirements for the safe operation of 

such aircraft systems in the national airspace system.” Section 333(c) of the Reform Act. 

The name and address of the applicant is: 

North State Aerial Imaging

Paul Benson

265 Boeing Ave.

Chico, CA 95973

530-228-3957

northstateaerial@gmail.com
Regulations from which the exemption is requested: 

14 CFR 61.113 (a) & (b) 

14 CFR 91.9 (b) (2) 

14 C.F.R. 91.103 

14 C.F. R. 91.119 

14 C.F.R. 91.121 

14 CFR 91.151 (a) 

14 CFR 91.405 (a) 

14 CFR 407 (a) (1) 

14 CFR 409 (a) (2) 

14 CFR 417 (a) & (b) 

This exemption application is expressly submitted to fulfill Congress’ goal in passing Section 333(a) through (c) of 

the Reform Act. This law directs the Secretary of Transportation to consider whether certain unmanned aircraft 

systems may operate safely in the national airspace system (NAS) before completion of the rulemaking required 

under Section 332 of the Reform Act. In making this determination, the Secretary is required to determine 

which types of UASs do not create a hazard to users of the NAS or the public or pose a threat to national security

in light of the following: 

• The UAS’s size, weight, speed, and operational capability

• Operation of the UAS in close proximity to airports and populated areas

• Operation of the UAS within visual line of sight of the operator 

Reform Act § 333 (a). Lastly, if the Secretary determines that such vehicles “may operate safely in the national 

airspace system, the Secretary shall establish requirements for the safe operation of such aircraft in the national 

airspace system.” Id. §333(c) (emphasis added)2. 

The Federal Aviation Act expressly grants the FAA the authority to issue exemptions. This statutory authority by 

its terms includes exempting civil aircraft, as the term is defined under §40101 of the Act, that includes sUASs, 

from the requirement that all civil aircraft must have a current airworthiness certificate. 

2 Applicant interprets this provision to place the duty on the Administrator to not only process applications for 

exemptions under section 333, but for the Administrator to craft conditions for the safe operation of the UAS, if 

it should be determined that the conditions set forth herein do not fulfill the statutory requirements for 

approval. 

The Administrator may grant an exemption from a requirement of a regulation prescribed under subsection (a) 

or (b) of this section or any sections 44702-44716 of this title if the Administrator finds the exemption in the 

public interest. 49 U.S.C. §44701(f) See also 49 USC §44711(a); 49 USC §44704; 14 CFR §91.203 (a) (1). 
North State Aerial Imaging’s UASs are multi-rotor aircraft, weighting 10 or fewer lbs. including payload. They 

operate, under normal conditions at a speed of no more than 30 knots and have the capability to hover, and 

move in the vertical and horizontal plane simultaneously. They will operate only in line of site. Such operations 

will insure that the sUAS will “not create a hazard to users of the national airspace system or the public.” 

Given the small size of our sUASs, the applicant falls squarely within that zone of safety (an equivalent level of 

safety) in which Congress envisioned that the FAA must, by exemption, allow commercial operations of UASs to 

commence immediately. Also due to the size of the UASs and the restricted areas in which the relevant sUASs 

will operate, approval of the application presents no national security issue. Given the clear direction in Section 

333 of the Reform Act, the authority contained in the Federal Aviation Act, as amended; the strong equivalent 

level of safety surrounding the proposed operations, and the significant public benefit, including enhanced 

safety, reduction in environmental impacts, including reduced emissions associated with allowing UASs for 

photography, the grant of the requested exemptions is in the public interest. Accordingly, the applicant 

respectfully requests that the FAA grant the requested exemption without delay. 

AIRCRAFT AND EQUIVALENT LEVEL OF SAFETY 

The applicant proposes that the exemption requested herein apply to civil aircraft that have the characteristics 

and that operate with the limitations listed herein. These limitations provide for at least an equivalent or even 

higher level of safety to operations under the current regulatory structure because the proposed operations 

represent a safety enhancement to the already safe movie and television filming operations conducted with 

conventional aircraft. 

These limitations and conditions to which North State Aerial Imaging agrees to be bound when conducting 

commercial operations under an FAA issued exemption include: 

1. The sUAS will weigh less than 10 lbs. 

2. Flights will be operated within line of sight of a pilot and/or observer. 

3. Maximum total flight time for each operational flight will be 25 minutes. Flights will be terminated at 25% 

battery power reserve should that occur prior to the 25 minute limit. 

4. Flights will be operated at an altitude of no more than 400 feet AGL or, not more than 200 feet above an 

elevated platform from which filming is planned. 

5. Minimum crew for each operation will consist of the sUAS Pilot, and the Visual Observer. 

6. sUAS Pilot will be Pilot in Command (PIC) 

7. The UAS will only operate within a confined area. 

8. A briefing will be conducted in regard to the planned sUAS operations prior to each project. It will be 

mandatory that all personnel who will be performing duties be present for this briefing. 

9. The operator will obtain the consent of all persons involved in the photography and filming and ensure that 

only consenting persons be allowed within 50 feet of the flight operation. 

10. Pilot and observer will have been trained in operation of UAS generally and received up-to-date information 

on the particular UAS to be. 

11. Observer and pilot will at all times be able to communicate by voice and/or text. 

12. Written and/or oral permission from the relevant property holders will be obtained. 
13. If the sUAS loses communications or loses its GPS signal, the UAS will have capability to return to a predetermined location within the Security Perimeter and land. 

14. The sUAS will have the capability to abort a flight in case of unpredicted obstacles or emergencies. 

 

 14 C.F.R. Part 21, Subpart H: Airworthiness Certificates 14 C.F.R. §91.203 (a) (1) Subpart H, entitled 

Airworthiness Certificates, establishes the procedural requirements for the issuance of airworthiness certificates 

as required by FAR §91.203 (a) (1). Given the size and limited operating area associated with the aircraft to be 

utilized by the Applicant, an exemption from Part 21 Subpart H meets the requirements of an equivalent level of 

safety under Part 11 and Section 333 of the Reform Act. The Federal Aviation Act (49 U.S.C.§44701 (f)) and 

Section 333 of the Reform Act both authorize the FAA to exempt aircraft from the requirement for an 

airworthiness certificate, upon consideration of the size, weight, speed, operational capability, and proximity to 

airports and populated areas of the particular UAS. In all cases, an analysis of these criteria demonstrates that 

the UAS operated without an airworthiness certificate, in the restricted environment and under the conditions 

proposed will be at least as safe, or safer, than a conventional aircraft (fixed wing or rotorcraft) operating with 

an airworthiness certificate without the restrictions and conditions proposed. 

The sUAS to be operated hereunder is less than 10 lbs. fully loaded, carries neither a pilot nor passenger, carries 

no explosive materials or flammable liquid fuels, and operates exclusively within a secured area. Unlike other 

civil aircraft, operations under this exemption will be tightly controlled and monitored by the operator. These 

safety enhancements provide a greater degree of safety to the public and property owners than conventional 

operations conducted with airworthiness certificates issued under 14 C.F.R. Part 21, Subpart H. Lastly, 

application of these same criteria demonstrates that there is no credible threat to national security posed by the 

UAS, due to its size, speed of operation, location of operation, lack of explosive materials or flammable liquid 

fuels, and inability to carry a substantial external load. 14 C.F.R. § 45.23 (b). Marking of the Aircraft, the 

regulation requires: 

When marks include only the Roman capital letter "N" and the registration number is displayed on limited, 

restricted or light-sport category aircraft or experimental or provisionally certificated aircraft, the operator must 

also display on that aircraft near each entrance to the cabin, cockpit, or pilot station, in letters not less than 2 

inches nor more than 6 inches high, the words "limited," "restricted," "light-sport," "experimental," or 

"provisional," as applicable. 

Even though the UAS will have no airworthiness certificate, an exemption may be needed as the UAS although 

there is no entrance to a cabin, cockpit or pilot station on which the word “Experimental” can be placed. Given 

the size of the sUAV, two-inch lettering will be impossible. The word “Experimental” will be placed on the 

fuselage in compliance with §45.29 (f). 

The equivalent level of safety will be provided by having the sUAV marked on its fuselage as required by §45.29 

(f) where the pilot, observer and others working with the sUAV will see the identification of the UAS as 

“Experimental.” 
No person may operate a U.S.-registered civil aircraft ... 

(2) For which an Airplane or Rotorcraft Flight Manual is not required by §21.5 of this chapter, unless there is 

available in the aircraft a current approved airplane or Rotorcraft Flight Manual, approved manual material, 

markings, and placards, or any combination thereof. 

The sUAS, given its size and configuration has no ability or place to carry such a flight manual on the aircraft, not 

only because there is no pilot on board, but because there is no room or capacity to carry such an item on the 

aircraft. 

The equivalent level of safety will be maintained by keeping the flight manual at the ground control point where 

the pilot flying the sUAS will have immediate access to it. The FAA has issued the following exemptions to this 

regulation: Exemption Nos. 8607, 8737, 8738, 9299, 9299A, 9565, 9565B, 10167, 10167A, 10602, 32827, and 

10700. 14 C.F.R. § 91.103: Preflight action This regulation requires each pilot in command to take certain 

actions before flight to insure the safety of flight. As FAA approved rotorcraft flight manuals will not be provided 

for the aircraft an exemption will be needed. An equivalent level of safety will be provided as set forth in 

Sections J and K of the Manual. The PIC will take all actions including reviewing weather, flight battery 

requirements, landing and takeoff distances and aircraft performance data before initiation of flight. 14 C.F.R. 

§91.109: Flight instruction: Section 91.103 provides that no person may operate a civil aircraft (except a 

manned free balloon) that is being used for flight instruction unless that aircraft has fully functioning dual 

controls. sUASs and remotely piloted aircraft, by their design do not have fully functional dual controls. Flight 

control is accomplished through the use of a control box that communicates with the aircraft via radio 

communications. The FAA has approved exemptions for flight training without fully functional dual controls for 

a number of aircraft and for flight instruction in experimental aircraft. See Exemption Nos.5778K & 9862A. The 

equivalent level of safety provided by the fact that neither a pilot nor passengers will be carried in the aircraft 

and by the size and speed of the aircraft. 14 C.F.R. §91.119: Minimum safe altitudes Section 91.119 establishes 

safe altitudes for operation of civil aircraft. Section 91.119 (d) allows helicopters to be operated at less than the 

minimums prescribed, provided the person operating the helicopter complies with any route or altitudes 

prescribed for helicopters by the FAA. As this exemption is for a sUAS that is a helicopter and the exemption 

requests authority to operate at altitudes up to 400 AGL, or not more than 200 above an elevated platform from 

which filming is planned, an exemption may be needed to allow such operations. As set forth herein, except for 

the limited conditions stated in the Manual, the UAS will never operate at higher than 400 AGL. It will however 

be operated in a restricted area with security perimeter, where buildings and people will not be exposed to 

operations without their pre-obtained consent. 

The equivalent level of safety will be achieved given the size, weight, speed of the UAS as well as the location 

where it is operated. No flight will be taken without the permission of the property owner or local officials. 

Because of the advance notice to the property owner and participants in the filming activity, all affected 

individuals will be aware of the planned flight operations. Compared to flight operations with aircraft or 

rotorcraft weighting far more than the maximum 55lbs. proposed herein and the lack of flammable fuel, any risk 

associated with these operations is far less than those presently presented with conventional aircraft operating 

at or below 500 AGL. In addition, the low-altitude operations of the sUAS will ensure separation between these 

small- UAS operations and the operations of conventional aircraft that must comply with Section 91.119. 14 
C.F.R. §91.121 Altimeter Settings This regulation requires each person operating an aircraft to maintain cruising 

altitude by reference to an altimeter that is set “...to the elevation of the departure airport or an appropriate 

altimeter setting available before departure.” As the sUAS may not have a barometric altimeter, but instead a 

GPS altitude read out, an exemption may be needed. An equivalent level of safety will be achieved by the 

operator, pursuant to the Manual and Safety Check list, confirming the altitude of the launch site shown on the 

GPS altitude indicator before flight. 14 C.F.R. § 91.151(a): Fuel Requirements for Flight in VFR Conditions 

Section 91.151 (a) prohibits an individual from beginning “a flight in an airplane under VFR conditions unless 

(considering wind and forecast weather conditions) there is enough fuel to fly to the first point of intended 

landing, and, assuming normal cruising speed – (1) During the day, to fly after that for at least 30 minutes; or (2) 

At night, to fly after that for at least 45 minutes.” 

The battery powering the sUAS provides approximately 30 minutes of powered flight. To meet the reserve 

requirement in 14 CFR §91.151, sUAS flights would be limited to approximately 10-12 minutes in length. Given 

the limitations on the UAS’s proposed flight area and the location of its proposed operations within a 

predetermined area, a longer time frame for flight in daylight or night VFR conditions is reasonable. 

Applicant believes that an exemption from 14 CFR §91.151(a) falls within the scope of prior exemptions. See 

Exemption 10673 (allowing Lockheed Martin Corporation to operate without compliance with FAR 91.151 (a)). 

Operating the small UAS, in a tightly controlled area where only people and property owners or official 

representatives who have signed waivers will be allowed, with less than 30 minutes of reserve fuel, does not 

engender the type of risks that Section 91.151(a) was intended to alleviate given the size and speed of the small 

UAS. Additionally, limiting sUAS flights to 10 minutes would greatly reduce the utility for which the exemption 

will be granted. 

Applicant believes that an equivalent level of safety can be achieved by limiting flights to 30 minutes or 25% of 

battery power whichever happens first. This restriction would be more than adequate to return the sUAS to its 

planned landing zone from anywhere in its limited operating area. 

Similar exemptions have been granted to other operations, including Exemptions 2689F, 5745, 10673, and 

10808. 14 C.F.R. §91.203 (a) and (b): Carrying Civil Aircraft Certification and Registration The regulation 

provides in pertinent part: 

(a) Except as provided in § 91.715, no person may operate a civil aircraft unless it has within it the following: 

(1) An appropriate and current airworthiness certificate. . . . 

(b) No person may operate a civil aircraft unless the airworthiness certificate required by paragraph (a) of this 

section or a special flight authorization issued under §91.715 is displayed at the cabin or cockpit entrance so that 

it is legible to passengers or crew. 

The UAS fully loaded weighs no more than 55 lbs and is operated without an onboard pilot. As such, there is no 

ability or place to carry certification and registration documents or to display them on the sUAS. 

An equivalent level of safety will be achieved by keeping these documents at the ground control point where the 

pilot flying the sUAS will have immediate access to them, to the extent they are applicable to the sUAS. The FAA 
has issued numerous exemptions to this regulation. A representative sample of other exceptions includes 

Exemption Nos. 9565, 9665, 9789, 9789A, 9797, 9797A, 9816A, and 10700. 14 C.F.R. §91.405 (a); 407 (a) (1); 

409 (a) (2); 417(a) & (b): Maintenance Inspections These regulations require that an aircraft operator or owner 

“shall have that aircraft inspected as prescribed in subpart E of this part and shall between required inspections, 

except as provided in paragraph (c) of this section, have discrepancies repaired as prescribed in part 43 of this 

chapter...,” and others shall inspect or maintain the aircraft in compliance with Part 43. Given that these section 

and Part 43 apply only to aircraft with an airworthiness certificate, these sections will not apply to the applicant. 

Maintenance will be accomplished by the operator pursuant to the flight manual. An equivalent level of safety 

will be achieved because these small UASs are very limited in size and will carry a small payload and operate 

only in restricted areas for limited periods of time. If mechanical issues arise the UAS can land immediately and 

will be operating from no higher than 400 feet AGL. As provided in the Manual, the operator will ensure that 

the UAS is in working order prior to initiating flight, perform required maintenance, and keep a log of any 

maintenance performed. Moreover, the operator is the person most familiar with the aircraft and best suited to 

maintain the aircraft in an airworthy condition to provide the equivalent level of safety. 

The operation of small UASs, weighting less than 55 lbs., conducted in the strict conditions outlined above, will 

provide an equivalent level of safety supporting the grant of the exemptions requested herein, including 

exempting the applicant from the requirements of Part 21 and allowing commercial operations. These 

lightweight aircraft operate at slow speeds, close to the ground, and in a sterile environment and, as a result, are 

far safer than conventional operations conducted with turbine helicopters operating in close proximity to the 

ground and people. 

The UAS to be operated will be a DJI Phantom 2 Vision +, DJI Phantom 3, or DJI Inspire 1. DJI is the industry 

leader in UAS manufacture and safety.

Privacy: All flights will occur over private or controlled access property with the property owner’s prior consent 

and knowledge. Filming will be of people who have also consented to being filmed or otherwise have agreed to 

be in the area where filming will take place. 

Satisfaction of the criteria provided in Section 333 of the Reform Act of 2012--size, weight, speed, operating 

capabilities, proximity to airports and populated areas and operation within visual line of sight and national 

security – provide more than adequate justification for the grant of the requested exemptions allowing 

commercial operation of applicant’s UAS in the real estate industry.

Sincerely, 

Paul Benson

CEO

North State Aerial Imaging

265 Boeing Ave.

Chico, CA 95973

northstateaerial@gmail.com

530-228-3957