Table of Contents

California High-Speed Rail Authority November 2017 

Fresno to Bakersfield Section Page | xv

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TABLE OF CONTENTS 

FACT SHEET.................................................................................................................................... i

PREFACE .......................................................................................................................................vii

TABLE OF CONTENTS..................................................................................................................xv

S SUMMARY...........................................................................................................................S-1

S.1 Introduction and Background ...................................................................................S-1

1 PROJECT PURPOSE, NEED, AND OBJECTIVES ............................................................ 1-1

1.1 Introduction............................................................................................................... 1-1

1.1.1 The Fresno to Bakersfield HSR Project..................................................... 1-1

1.1.2 Fresno to Bakersfield Locally Generated Alternative ................................ 1-5

1.1.3 F-B LGA Supplemental EIR/EIS................................................................ 1-5

1.2 Purpose, Need, and Objectives ............................................................................. 1-10

1.2.1 Purpose and Need of HSR System, Fresno to Bakersfield Section, 

and F-B LGA............................................................................................ 1-10

1.2.2 CEQA Project Objectives of the HSR System, Fresno to 

Bakersfield Section, and F-B LGA........................................................... 1-12

1.3 Relationship to Other Transportation Projects, Agency Plans, Policies, and

Programs................................................................................................................ 1-12

2 F-B LGA DESCRIPTION ..................................................................................................... 2-1

2.1 Fresno to Bakersfield Section and the Draft Supplemental EIR/EIS ....................... 2-1

2.1.1 Development of the F-B LGA..................................................................... 2-2

2.1.2 Approved Activities North of Poplar Avenue.............................................. 2-3

2.1.3 Retain Design-Build Contractors, Develop Design, Begin 

Construction, Continued Work with Stakeholders and Public ................... 2-3

2.1.4 Implement Habitat Mitigation ..................................................................... 2-4

2.1.5 Study Electrical Interconnections and Network Upgrades......................... 2-4

2.1.6 Ongoing Collaboration with Local Agencies .............................................. 2-4

2.2 Potential Alternatives Considered During Alternatives Screening Process............. 2-4

2.2.1 No Project Alternative ................................................................................ 2-5

2.3 May 2014 Project ..................................................................................................... 2-6

2.4 Locally Generated Alternative .................................................................................. 2-6

2.4.1 Alignment Requirements ........................................................................... 2-9

2.4.2 F-B LGA Adjacency to the BNSF Railway and Union Pacific 

Railroad.................................................................................................... 2-20

2.4.3 North-South Alignment............................................................................. 2-20

2.4.4 F-B LGA F Street Station......................................................................... 2-27

2.4.5 Other Alignment Requirements ............................................................... 2-34

2.5 Modification of California Department of Transportation/State Facilities ............... 2-39

2.6 City and County Roadway Reconfigurations ......................................................... 2-40

2.7 Travel Demand and Ridership Forecasts .............................................................. 2-41

2.8 Operations and Service Plan ................................................................................. 2-42

2.9 Maintenance Activities ........................................................................................... 2-42

2.10 Construction Plan and Phased Implementation Strategy ...................................... 2-43

2.11 Authority’s Adopted Requirements Applicable to the F-B LGA.............................. 2-45

2.12 Permits and Approvals ........................................................................................... 2-45

3 AFFECTED ENVIRONMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL CONSEQUENCES, AND 

MITIGATION MEASURES................................................................................................3.1-1

3.1 Introduction............................................................................................................3.1-1

3.1.1 Purpose of Chapter 3..............................................................................3.1-1

3.1.2 Organization of Chapter 3.......................................................................3.1-2
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3.1.3 Content of Chapter 3...............................................................................3.1-3

3.1.4 Legal Authority to Implement Off-site Mitigation.....................................3.1-7

3.2 Transportation .......................................................................................................3.2-1

3.2.1 Regulatory Setting ..................................................................................3.2-1

3.2.2 Methods for Evaluating Impacts .............................................................3.2-2

3.2.3 Affected Environment..............................................................................3.2-5

3.2.4 Environmental Consequences..............................................................3.2-43

3.2.5 Avoidance and Minimization Measures ................................................3.2-83

3.2.6 Mitigation...............................................................................................3.2-84

3.3 Air Quality and Global Climate Change ................................................................3.3-1

3.3.1 Regulatory Setting ..................................................................................3.3-1

3.3.2 Pollutants for Analysis.............................................................................3.3-5

3.3.3 Methods for Evaluating Impacts .............................................................3.3-6

3.3.4 Affected Environment............................................................................3.3-18

3.3.5 Environmental Consequences..............................................................3.3-27

3.3.6 Compliance with Conformity Rules.......................................................3.3-44

3.3.7 Impact Avoidance and Minimization Measures ....................................3.3-46

3.3.8 Mitigation Measures..............................................................................3.3-46

3.4 Noise and Vibration...............................................................................................3.4-1

3.4.1 Regulatory Setting ..................................................................................3.4-1

3.4.2 Methods for Evaluating Impacts .............................................................3.4-2

3.4.3 Affected Environment..............................................................................3.4-9

3.4.4 Environmental Consequences..............................................................3.4-14

3.4.5 Avoidance and Minimization Measures ................................................3.4-41

3.4.6 Mitigation Measures..............................................................................3.4-42

3.5 Electromagnetic Fields and Electromagnetic Interference....................................3.5-1

3.5.1 Regulatory Setting ..................................................................................3.5-2

3.5.2 Methods for Evaluating Impacts .............................................................3.5-3

3.5.3 Affected Environment..............................................................................3.5-4

3.5.4 Environmental Consequences................................................................3.5-7

3.5.5 Avoidance and Minimization Measures ................................................3.5-13

3.5.6 Mitigation Measures..............................................................................3.5-13

3.6 Public Utilities and Energy ....................................................................................3.6-1

3.6.1 Regulatory Setting ..................................................................................3.6-1

3.6.2 Methods of Evaluation of Impacts...........................................................3.6-3

3.6.3 Affected Environment..............................................................................3.6-5

3.6.4 Environmental Consequences..............................................................3.6-17

3.6.5 Avoidance and Minimization Measures ................................................3.6-36

3.6.6 Mitigation Measures..............................................................................3.6-36

3.7 Biological Resources and Wetlands......................................................................3.7-1

3.7.1 Regulatory Setting ..................................................................................3.7-1

3.7.2 Methods for Evaluating Impacts .............................................................3.7-5

3.7.3 Affected Environment............................................................................3.7-17

3.7.4 Environmental Consequences..............................................................3.7-69

3.7.5 Avoidance and Minimization Measures ................................................3.7-87

3.8 Hydrology and Water Resources ..........................................................................3.8-1

3.8.1 Regulatory Setting ..................................................................................3.8-1

3.8.2 Methods for Evaluating Impacts .............................................................3.8-3

3.8.3 Affected Environment..............................................................................3.8-9

3.8.4 Environmental Consequences..............................................................3.8-28

3.8.5 Avoidance and Minimization Measures and Mitigation Measures........3.8-40

3.9 Geology, Soils, Seismicity, and Paleontological Resources................................. 3.9-1

3.9.1 Regulatory Setting ..................................................................................3.9-1

3.9.2 Methods for Evaluating Impacts .............................................................3.9-3

3.9.3 Affected Environment..............................................................................3.9-4

3.9.4 Environmental Consequences..............................................................3.9-17
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3.9.5 Avoidance and Minimization Measures ................................................3.9-33

3.9.6 Mitigation Measures..............................................................................3.9-35

3.10 Hazardous Materials and Wastes .......................................................................3.10-1

3.10.1 Regulatory Setting ................................................................................3.10-1

3.10.2 Methods for Evaluating Impacts ...........................................................3.10-2

3.10.3 Affected Environment............................................................................3.10-4

3.10.4 Environmental Consequences............................................................3.10-31

3.10.5 Avoidance and Minimization Measures ..............................................3.10-40

3.10.6 Mitigation Measures............................................................................3.10-41

3.11 Safety and Security .............................................................................................3.11-1

3.11.1 Regulatory Setting ................................................................................3.11-2

3.11.2 Methods for Evaluating Impacts ...........................................................3.11-4

3.11.3 Affected Environment............................................................................3.11-5

3.11.4 Environmental Consequences............................................................3.11-17

3.11.5 Avoidance and Minimization Measures ..............................................3.11-31

3.11.6 Mitigation Measures............................................................................3.11-32

3.12 Socioeconomics and Communities .....................................................................3.12-1

3.12.1 Regulatory Setting ................................................................................3.12-1

3.12.2 Methods for Evaluating Impacts ...........................................................3.12-2

3.12.3 Affected Environment............................................................................3.12-7

3.12.4 Environmental Consequences............................................................3.12-34

3.12.5 Avoidance and Minimization Measures ..............................................3.12-62

3.12.6 Mitigation Measures............................................................................3.12-63

3.13 Station Planning, Land Use, and Development ..................................................3.13-1

3.13.1 Regulatory Setting ................................................................................3.13-1

3.13.2 Methods for Evaluating Impacts ...........................................................3.13-2

3.13.3 Affected Environment............................................................................3.13-4

3.13.4 Environmental Consequences..............................................................3.13-9

3.13.5 Avoidance and Minimization Measures ..............................................3.13-20

3.13.6 Mitigation Measures............................................................................3.13-21

3.14 Agricultural Land ................................................................................................. 3.14-1

3.14.1 Regulatory Setting ................................................................................3.14-1

3.14.2 Methods for Evaluating Impacts ...........................................................3.14-3

3.14.3 Affected Environment............................................................................3.14-5

3.14.4 Environmental Consequences............................................................3.14-20

3.14.5 Avoidance and Minimization Measures ..............................................3.14-39

3.14.6 Mitigation Measures............................................................................3.14-40

3.15 Parks, Recreation, and Open Space...................................................................3.15-1

3.15.1 Regulatory Setting ................................................................................3.15-1

3.15.2 Methods for Evaluating Impacts ...........................................................3.15-2

3.15.3 Affected Environment............................................................................3.15-4

3.15.4 Environmental Consequences............................................................3.15-13

3.15.5 Avoidance and Minimization Measures ..............................................3.15-24

3.15.6 Mitigation Measures............................................................................3.15-26

3.16 Aesthetics and Visual Resources........................................................................3.16-1

3.16.1 Regulatory Setting ................................................................................3.16-1

3.16.2 Methods for Evaluating Impacts ...........................................................3.16-2

3.16.3 Affected Environment............................................................................3.16-6

3.16.4 Environmental Consequences............................................................3.16-47

3.16.5 Avoidance and Minimization Measures ..............................................3.16-82

3.16.6 Mitigation Measures............................................................................3.16-82

3.17 Cultural Resources..............................................................................................3.17-1

3.17.1 Regulatory Setting ................................................................................3.17-2

3.17.2 Methods for Evaluating Effects/Impacts ...............................................3.17-3

3.17.3 Affected Environment..........................................................................3.17-23

3.17.4 Environmental Consequences............................................................3.17-34
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3.17.5 Avoidance and Minimization Measures ..............................................3.17-44

3.17.6 Mitigation Measures............................................................................3.17-46

3.17.7 CEQA Significance Conclusions.........................................................3.17-49

3.18 Regional Growth..................................................................................................3.18-1

3.18.1 Regulatory Setting ................................................................................3.18-1

3.18.2 Methods for Evaluating Impacts ...........................................................3.18-2

3.18.3 Affected Environment............................................................................3.18-5

3.18.4 Environmental Consequences............................................................3.18-11

3.19 Cumulative Impacts.............................................................................................3.19-1

3.19.1 Laws, Regulations, and Orders ............................................................3.19-1

3.19.2 Methods ................................................................................................3.19-1

3.19.3 Cumulative Projects and Growth Forecasts .........................................3.19-2

3.19.4 Analysis of Cumulative Impacts............................................................3.19-3

4 SECTION 4(F)/6(F) EVALUATION...................................................................................... 4-1

4.1 Regulatory Setting.................................................................................................... 4-1

4.1.1 Federal....................................................................................................... 4-1

4.2 Affected Environment............................................................................................... 4-2

4.2.1 Summary of the May 2014 Project Affected Environment......................... 4-2

4.2.2 Fresno to Bakersfield Locally Generated Alternative ................................ 4-3

4.3 Environmental Consequences ............................................................................... 4-27

4.3.1 Summary of Analysis for the May 2014 Project....................................... 4-27

4.3.2 Fresno to Bakersfield Locally Generated Alternative .............................. 4-27

4.4 Measures to Minimize Harm .................................................................................. 4-49

4.4.1 Measures to Minimize Harm from the May 2014 Project......................... 4-49

4.4.2 F-B LGA Measures to Minimize Harm ..................................................... 4-49

5 ENVIRONMENTAL JUSTICE .............................................................................................. 5-1

5.1 Introduction............................................................................................................... 5-1

5.2 Regulatory Setting.................................................................................................... 5-1

5.2.1 Federal....................................................................................................... 5-1

5.2.2 State........................................................................................................... 5-3

5.2.3 Regional and Local .................................................................................... 5-4

5.3 Methodology for Data Collection and the Identification of Low-Income and 

Minority Communities............................................................................................... 5-4

5.3.1 Data Collection........................................................................................... 5-4

5.3.2 Identification of Minority and Low-Income Communities ........................... 5-5

5.4 Affected Environment............................................................................................... 5-7

5.4.1 Reference Community and Resource Study Area Definition..................... 5-7

5.4.2 Summary of the May 2014 Project Affected Environment....................... 5-10

5.4.3 Fresno to Bakersfield Locally Generated Alternative .............................. 5-13

5.5 Engagement with Potential Environmental Justice Populations ............................ 5-15

5.5.1 Affected Populations and Communities................................................... 5-15

5.5.2 Issues and Concerns ............................................................................... 5-21

5.6 Assessment of Adverse Effects and Disparate Impacts ........................................ 5-21

5.6.1 Methodology for the Assessment of Adverse Effects and Disparate 

Impacts..................................................................................................... 5-22

5.6.2 Summary of Analysis for the May 2014 Project....................................... 5-22

5.6.3 Fresno to Bakersfield Locally Generated Alternative .............................. 5-33

5.6.4 Summary of Disproportionately High and Adverse Effects...................... 5-47

5.6.5 Project Benefits........................................................................................ 5-49

5.7 Measures to Minimize Harm .................................................................................. 5-50

5.7.1 Mitigation Measures and Avoidance and Minimization Measures ........... 5-50

5.7.2 F-B LGA Enhancements .......................................................................... 5-51

5.8 Environmental Justice Determination..................................................................... 5-51
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6 PROJECT COSTS AND OPERATIONS ............................................................................. 6-1

6.1 Introduction............................................................................................................... 6-1

6.2 Capital Costs ............................................................................................................ 6-1

6.2.1 High-Speed Rail Alternatives..................................................................... 6-2

6.3 Operation and Maintenance Costs........................................................................... 6-3

6.3.1 Operating Speeds ...................................................................................... 6-4

6.3.2 Travel Times .............................................................................................. 6-4

6.3.3 Development of Operation and Maintenance Costs.................................. 6-4

7 OTHER CEQA/NEPA CONSIDERATIONS......................................................................... 7-1

7.1 Unavoidable Adverse Potentially Significant Impacts.............................................. 7-1

7.2 Relationship between Short-Term Use of the Environment and the 

Enhancement of Long-Term Productivity................................................................. 7-2

7.3 Significant Irreversible Environmental Changes That Would Result from the 

F-B LGA Implementation.......................................................................................... 7-3

8 COMPARISON OF ALTERNATIVES AND IDENTIFICATION OF THE 

PREFERRED ALTERNATIVE ............................................................................................. 8-1

8.1 Summary of Comments ........................................................................................... 8-5

8.1.1 Public Information Meetings ...................................................................... 8-6

8.1.2 Federal, State, Regional, and Other Public Agencies ............................... 8-7

8.1.3 Technical Working Group and Agency Coordination................................. 8-7

8.1.4 Tribal Consultation..................................................................................... 8-8

8.2 Alternatives Considered ........................................................................................... 8-8

8.3 Preliminary Preferred Alternative ............................................................................. 8-9

8.4 Preferred Alternative .............................................................................................. 8-10

8.5 Environmentally Superior Alternative..................................................................... 8-14

8.6 Environmentally Preferable Alternative.................................................................. 8-14

8.7 Least Environmentally Damaging Practicable Alternative ..................................... 8-14

9 PUBLIC AND AGENCY INVOLVEMENT ............................................................................ 9-1

9.1 Environmental Justice Outreach .............................................................................. 9-2

9.2 Public and Agency Scoping ..................................................................................... 9-3

9.3 Outreach During the Development of the Draft Supplemental Environmental 

Impact Report/Environmental Impact Statement ..................................................... 9-9

9.3.1 Public Information Materials and Meetings................................................ 9-9

9.3.2 Technical Working Group Meetings........................................................... 9-9

9.3.3 Agency Meetings and Consultation ......................................................... 9-10

9.4 Notification and Circulation of the Draft Supplemental Environmental Impact 

Report/Environmental Impact Statement ............................................................... 9-10

10 EIR/EIS DISTRIBUTION....................................................................................................10-1

10.1 F-B LGA Repository Locations...............................................................................10-1

10.2 Fresno to Bakersfield FEIR/EIS Repository Locations ..........................................10-1

10.3 Federal Agencies ...................................................................................................10-5

10.4 State Agencies .......................................................................................................10-6

10.5 Elected Officials......................................................................................................10-8

10.5.1 Federal Elected Officials..........................................................................10-8

10.5.2 State Elected Officials..............................................................................10-8

10.6 Regional/Local Agencies......................................................................................10-11

10.7 Organizations and Businesses.............................................................................10-13

10.8 Native American Contacts....................................................................................10-15

10.9 Schools and Districts............................................................................................10-16

11 LIST OF PREPARERS ......................................................................................................11-1

11.1 California High-Speed Rail Authority......................................................................11-1

11.2 Federal Railroad Administration.............................................................................11-1

11.3 List of Consultants..................................................................................................11-2
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12 REFERENCES AND SOURCES USED IN DOCUMENT PREPARATION ......................12-1

13 GLOSSARY OF TERMS....................................................................................................13-1

14 INDEX ................................................................................................................................14-1

15 ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS................................................................................15-1

Tables

Table 2-1 Design Features of the F-B LGA ................................................................................ 2-19

Table 2-2 HSR System Ridership Forecasts (in millions per year)............................................. 2-41

Table 2-3 Major Environmental Permits and Approvals ............................................................. 2-45

Table 3.2-1 Trip Generation for the Maintenance of Infrastructure Facility ...............................3.2-3

Table 3.2-2 Year 2035 Forecast Vehicle Trip Generation at Bakersfield Station Area .............3.2-3

Table 3.2-3 Intersections Operating at Levels-of-Service D, E or F under Existing 

Conditions – City of Shafter...............................................................................................3.2-13

Table 3.2-4 Roadway Segments Operating at Levels-of-Service D, E or F under Existing 

Conditions – Kern County..................................................................................................3.2-18

Table 3.2-5 Existing Peak Hour Intersection Levels-of-Service – Kern County ......................3.2-21

Table 3.2-6 Existing Intersection Levels-of-Service – City of Bakersfield ...............................3.2-25

Table 3.2-7 Roadway Segments Operating at Levels-of-Service D, E or F under Existing 

Conditions..........................................................................................................................3.2-35

Table 3.2-8 Intersections Operating at Levels-of-Service D, E or F under Existing 

Conditions..........................................................................................................................3.2-41

Table 3.2-9 Existing Golden Empire Transit Bus Routes and Weekday Service Frequency ..3.2-42

Table 3.2-10 Year 2035 No Project Roadway Segments Operating at Levels-of-Service E 

or F – City of Shafter .........................................................................................................3.2-48

Table 3.2-11 Year 2035 No Project Intersections Operating at Levels-of-Service E or F – 

City of Shafter....................................................................................................................3.2-48

Table 3.2-12 Year 2035 No Project Roadway Segments Operating at Levels-of-Service E 

or F – Kern County ............................................................................................................3.2-49

Table 3.2-13 Year 2035 No Project Intersections Operating at Levels-of-Service E or F – 

Kern County.......................................................................................................................3.2-50

Table 3.2-14 Year 2035 No Project Intersections Operating at Levels-of-Service E or F – 

City of Bakersfield..............................................................................................................3.2-50

Table 3.2-15 Year 2035 No Project Roadway Segments Operating at Levels-of-Service 

E or F ................................................................................................................................. 3.2-51

Table 3.2-16 Year 2035 No Project Intersections Operating at Levels-of-Service E or F .......3.2-52

Table 3.2-17 Year 2035 No Project Peak Hour Highway Segment Levels-of-Service............3.2-53

Table 3.2-18 Future (2035) Plus F-B LGA Roadway Segment Analysis – City of Shafter......3.2-69

Table 3.2-19 Future (2035) Plus F-B LGA Roadway Segment Analysis – Kern County.........3.2-70

Table 3.2-20 Intersections Existing Plus Project F-B LGA Levels-of-Service Summary – 

City of Shafter....................................................................................................................3.2-71
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Table 3.2-21 Intersections Future (2035) Plus Project Levels-of-Service Summary – City 

of Shafter ...........................................................................................................................3.2-71

Table 3.2-22 Intersections Existing Plus Project F-B LGA Levels-of-Service Summary – 

Kern County.......................................................................................................................3.2-72

Table 3.2-23 Intersections Future (2035) Plus Project Levels-of-Service Summary – Kern 

County ...............................................................................................................................3.2-73

Table 3.2-24 Intersection Existing Plus Project F-B LGA Levels-of-Service Summary – 

City of Bakersfield..............................................................................................................3.2-74

Table 3.2-25 Intersection Future Plus Project Levels-of-Service Summary – City of 

Bakersfield.........................................................................................................................3.2-74

Table 3.2-26 Existing Plus Project F-B LGA Bakersfield Station Area Roadway Segment 

Analysis .............................................................................................................................3.2-75

Table 3.2-27 Future (2035) Plus Project F-B LGA Bakersfield Station Area Roadway 

Segment Analysis..............................................................................................................3.2-76

Table 3.2-28 Existing Plus Project F-B LGA Bakersfield Station Area Intersection 

Analysis .............................................................................................................................3.2-79

Table 3.2-29 Future (2035) Plus Project F-B LGA Bakersfield Station Area Intersection 

Levels-of-Service...............................................................................................................3.2-80

Table 3.2-30 Transportation Measures....................................................................................3.2-85

Table 3.2-31 Transportation Mitigation Measures ...................................................................3.2-87

Table 3.2-32 Mitigation Measures Specifically Applicable to the F-B LGA..............................3.2-88

Table 3.3-1 Ambient Air Quality Standards................................................................................3.3-1

Table 3.3-2 General Conformity Thresholds............................................................................3.3-17

Table 3.3-3 SJVAPCD CEQA Construction and Operational Thresholds of Significance ......3.3-18

Table 3.3-4 Ambient Criterial Pollutant Concentration Data at Air Quality Monitoring 

Stations Closest to the Project ..........................................................................................3.3-23

Table 3.3-5 Federal and State Attainment Status....................................................................3.3-25

Table 3.3-6 Federal and State Attainment Status....................................................................3.3-25

Table 3.3-7 Distance Between Sensitive Receptors and the F Street Station ........................3.3-27

Table 3.3-8 Total F-B HSR Unmitigated Construction Emissions –Total (tons)......................3.3-29

Table 3.3-9 Programmatic Construction Emissions: F-B LGA (tons/year) ..............................3.3-30

Table 3.3-10 F-B LGA CO2e Unmitigated Construction Emissions (metric tons/year)............3.3-34

Table 3.3-11 Summary of Estimated 2035 Emission Burden Changes (Project versus No 

Project 2035) (tons/year)...................................................................................................3.3-38

Table 3.3-12 Summary of Estimated 2009 Statewide Emission Burden Changes (Existing 

Plus Project versus Existing Conditions – 2009) (tons/year) ............................................3.3-39

Table 3.3-13 Summary of Regional Changes in Operational Emissions in (Project versus 

No Project 2035) (tons/year) .............................................................................................3.3-39

Table 3.3-14 Maximum Modeled CO Concentrations at Intersections near the F-B LGA 

Station................................................................................................................................3.3-43

Table 3.3-15 Mitigation Measures Applicable to the F-B LGA.................................................3.3-47

Table 3.4-1 Federal Rail Administration Construction Noise Assessment Criteria....................3.4-3
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Table 3.4-2 Construction Vibration Damage Criteria ................................................................. 3.4-3

Table 3.4-3 Interim Criteria for High-Speed Rail Noise Effects on Animals ..............................3.4-4

Table 3.4-4 FRA Ground-Borne Vibration and Noise Impact Criteria........................................3.4-5

Table 3.4-5 FRA Ground-Borne Vibration and Noise Impact Criteria for Special Buildings......3.4-5

Table 3.4-6 Land Use Categories and Metrics for High-Speed Rail Noise Impact Criteria.......3.4-6

Table 3.4-7 Screening Distances for Noise Assessments.........................................................3.4-8

Table 3.4-8 Vibration Impact Screening Distances....................................................................3.4-9

Table 3.4-9 Typical Construction Equipment Noise Levels .....................................................3.4-15

Table 3.4-10 Distances to Federal Railroad Administration Noise Impact Contours from 

Construction Activities for the High-Speed Rail Corridor ..................................................3.4-17

Table 3.4-11 Distances to Federal Railroad Administration Noise Impact Contours from 

Roadway Construction Activities .......................................................................................3.4-19

Table 3.4-12 Distances to Federal Railroad Administration Noise Impact Contours from 

Station Construction Activities ...........................................................................................3.4-20

Table 3.4-13 Distances to Federal Railroad Administration Noise Impact Contours from 

MOIF Construction Activities .............................................................................................3.4-21

Table 3.4-14 Distances to Federal Railroad Administration Noise Impact Contours from 

TPSS Construction Activities.............................................................................................3.4-21

Table 3.4-15 Distances to Federal Railroad Administration Noise Impact Contours from 

Electric Power Utility Improvements..................................................................................3.4-22

Table 3.4-16 Vibration Source Levels for Construction Equipment.........................................3.4-23

Table 3.4-17 Distances to Construction Vibration Annoyance Criteria....................................3.4-24

Table 3.4-18 Distances to Construction Vibration Damage Criteria ........................................3.4-24

Table 3.4-19 HSR Operational and Geometric Assumptions ..................................................3.4-27

Table 3.4-20 Noise Impact Summary Without Mitigation.........................................................3.4-28

Table 3.4-21 Impact on Schools ..............................................................................................3.4-31

Table 3.4-22 Screening Distances for Noise Effects on Wildlife and Domestic Animals ........3.4-32

Table 3.4-23 Location of Transfer Mobility Measurement Sites ..............................................3.4-33

Table 3.4-24 Distances to Vibration Criterion Level Contours.................................................3.4-35

Table 3.4-25 Vibration Impacts ................................................................................................3.4-35

Table 3.4-26 Mitigation Measures Applicable to the F-B LGA.................................................3.4-42

Table 3.4-27 Noise Barrier Analysis ........................................................................................3.4-47

Table 3.4-28 Severe Residual Impacts with Mitigation............................................................3.4-49

Table 3.4-29 Potential Vibration Mitigation Procedures and Descriptions...............................3.4-55

Table 3.5-1 Basic EMF-EMI Comparison of the May 2014 Project with F-B LGA.....................3.5-5

Table 3.6-1 Study Area Utility and Energy Providers ................................................................3.6-6

Table 3.6-2 Wastewater Treatment Plants ................................................................................3.6-8

Table 3.6-3 Landfill Facility Summary for Kern County .............................................................3.6-9

Table 3.6-4 Fuel Sources for Electric Power in California in 2011 ..........................................3.6-10
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Table 3.6-5 Construction Water Use Summary .......................................................................3.6-21

Table 3.6-6 Existing Water Use for the F-B LGA.....................................................................3.6-22

Table 3.6-7 Construction Energy Consumption Assumptions for the F-B LGA.......................3.6-25

Table 3.6-8 Operational Water Demand Summary ................................................................. 3.6-32

Table 3.7-1 Federal Laws and Regulations ...............................................................................3.7-2

Table 3.7-2 State Laws and Regulations ...................................................................................3.7-6

Table 3.7-3 Special-Status Plant Species with Potential to Occur in the Special-Status 

Plant Study Area................................................................................................................3.7-26

Table 3.7-4 Special-Status Wildlife Species with Potential to Occur in the Habitat Study 

Area ...................................................................................................................................3.7-30

Table 3.7-5 Approximate Number of Trees in the Special-Status Plant Study Area ...............3.7-62

Table 3.7-6 Direct Impacts on Special-Status Plant Species ..................................................3.7-76

Table 3.7-7 Direct Impacts on Special-Status Wildlife Species ...............................................3.7-77

Table 3.7-8 Direct Impacts on Special-Status Plant Communities ..........................................3.7-81

Table 3.7-9 Direct Impacts on Jurisdictional Waters ...............................................................3.7-82

Table 3.7-10 Impacts on Protected Trees................................................................................3.7-84

Table 3.7-11 Avoidance and Minimization Measures Applicable to the F-B LGA ...................3.7-88

Table 3.7-12 Mitigation Measures Applicable to the F-B LGA.................................................3.7-88

Table 3.7-13 Mitigation Measures Partially or Not Applicable to the F-B LGA........................3.7-90

Table 3.7-14 Mitigation Measuress Identified in the 2017 USFWS Biological Opinion 

Applicable to the F-B LGA................................................................................................. 3.7-93

Table 3.8-1 Districts Supplying Water that Potentially Have Infrastructure Crossing the 

F-B LGA.............................................................................................................................3.8-16

Table 3.8-2 Surface Water Quality Objectives for Inland Surface Waters in the Tulare 

Lake Basin.........................................................................................................................3.8-20

Table 3.8-3 Groundwater Basin Crossed by the F-B LGA.......................................................3.8-22

Table 3.8-4 Groundwater Quality Objectives for Groundwaters in the Tulare Lake Basin......3.8-25

Table 3.8-5 FEMA Flood Hazard Zone Designations in the Study Area ................................. 3.8-27

Table 3.8-6 Acres Disturbed During Construction of the F-B LGA..........................................3.8-30

Table 3.8-7 F-B LGA Waterbody Crossings ............................................................................3.8-34

Table 3.8-8 Acres of New Impervious Surface Area................................................................3.8-36

Table 3.8-9 Floodplains Crossed by the F-B LGA...................................................................3.8-39

Table 3.8-10 Avoidance and Minimization Measures Applicable to the F-B LGA ...................3.8-41

Table 3.8-11 Mitigation Measures Applicable to the F-B LGA.................................................3.8-44

Table 3.9-1 Summary of Mapped Surficial Geologic Units ........................................................3.9-8

Table 3.9-2 Mitigation Measures Applicable to the F-B LGA...................................................3.9-36

Table 3.10-1 Landfills within 0.25 Mile of the Construction Footprint ....................................3.10-24

Table 3.10-2 Educational Facilities within 0.25 Mile of the Construction Footprint ...............3.10-30

Table 3.10-3 Mitigation Measures Applicable to the F-B LGA...............................................3.10-41
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November 2017 California High-Speed Rail Authority

Page | xxiv Fresno to Bakersfield Section

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Table 3.11-1 Fire Departments and Equipment in the F-B LGA Study Area...........................3.11-6

Table 3.11-2 Airports, Airstrips, and Heliports within 2 Miles of the F-B LGA Centerline......3.11-11

Table 3.11-3 Educational Facilities within 0.25 Mile of the F-B LGA Construction Footprint 3.11-12

Table 3.11-4 Temporary Road Closures for the F-B LGA .....................................................3.11-19

Table 3.11-5 Mitigation Measures Applicable to the F-B LGA...............................................3.11-33

Table 3.11-6 Mitigation Measures Solely Applicable to the F-B LGA....................................3.11-34

Table 3.12-1 Total Population in 2000 and 2010...................................................................3.12-12

Table 3.12-2 Total Hispanic and Latino Population in 2000 and 2010 ..................................3.12-13

Table 3.12-3 Minority Group Representation in the Region ..................................................3.12-14

Table 3.12-4 Age Distribution in 2000 and 2010 ...................................................................3.12-15

Table 3.12-5 Median Household Income in 1999 and 2012 ..................................................3.12-16

Table 3.12-6 Total Households and Household Size ............................................................3.12-17

Table 3.12-7 Type of Households in the Region ...................................................................3.12-17

Table 3.12-8 Limited English Speaking Households in 2000 and 2013 ................................3.12-19

Table 3.12-9 Percentage of the Population with a Disability by Age Group in 2013 .............3.12-19

Table 3.12-10 Types of Housing Units in the Region in 2000 and 2013 ...............................3.12-20

Table 3.12-11 Housing Ownership in 2000 and 2010 ...........................................................3.12-20

Table 3.12-12 Length of Occupancy in 2013.........................................................................3.12-21

Table 3.12-13 Unemployment Rates in 2000 and 2013 ........................................................3.12-23

Table 3.12-14 Employed Civilian Population by Industry in 2013..........................................3.12-24

Table 3.12-15 County and City Fiscal Conditions..................................................................3.12-28

Table 3.12-16 Residential Displacements under the May 2014 Project................................3.12-37

Table 3.12-17 Commercial and Industrial Relocations under the May 2014 Project.............3.12-38

Table 3.12-18 Community Facilities Affected by the Fresno to Bakersfield Locally 

Generated Alternative......................................................................................................3.12-42

Table 3.12-19 Zoning within the Study Area by Location (in acres)......................................3.12-50

Table 3.12-20 Residential Displacement under the F-B LGA................................................3.12-53

Table 3.12-21 Gap Analysis of Residential Displacements under the F-B LGA....................3.12-53

Table 3.12-22 Property Valuation Comparison – F-B LGA....................................................3.12-54

Table 3.12-23 Commercial and Industrial Relocations under the F-B LGA...........................3.12-56

Table 3.12-24 Number of Business Displacements and Available Vacant Business 

Properties in Kern County – F-B LGA .............................................................................3.12-56

Table 3.12-25 Sensitive Populations in the Communities Overlain by the Study Area .........3.12-59

Table 3.12-26 Property Tax Revenues Lost during Operation – F-B LGA (in 2015 dollars) . 3.12-61

Table 3.12-27 Estimated Annual Sales Tax Losses by Jurisdiction under the F-B LGA (in 

2015 dollars)....................................................................................................................3.12-61

Table 3.12-28 Annual Sales Tax Revenues during Operation ..............................................3.12-62

Table 3.12-29 Mitigation Measures Applicable to the F-B LGA.............................................3.12-63
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Table 3.12-30 Mitigation Measures Applicable to the F-B LGA.............................................3.12-64

Table 3.13-1 Planned Development in the F-B LGA Station Site Study Area.........................3.13-9

Table 3.13-2 Permanent Land Use Impacts (acres)..............................................................3.13-12

Table 3.13-3 General Plan Land Use Designations Permanently Affected by the F-B LGA 

(acres)..............................................................................................................................3.13-13

Table 3.13-4 Acreage of Existing Land Uses and Current Zoning Opportunities in the 

Bakersfield F Street Station Study Area..........................................................................3.13-19

Table 3.14-1 Important Farmland and Grazing Land in Kern County......................................3.14-7

Table 3.14-2 Farmland Conversions in Kern County from 2008 to 2012 ..............................3.14-13

Table 3.14-3 Protected Farmland in Kern County (2015)......................................................3.14-13

Table 3.14-4 Direct and Indirect Effects to Important Farmland from the May 2014 Project 3.14-20

Table 3.14-5 Important Farmland Temporarily Used for Project Construction ......................3.14-21

Table 3.14-6 Important Farmland Permanently Affected by the May 2014 Project...............3.14-22

Table 3.14-7 Protected Farmland Permanently Affected by the May 2014 Project ..............3.14-25

Table 3.14-8 Protected Farmland Reduced to less than the Williamson Act Minimum Size . 3.14-25

Table 3.14-9 Important Farmland Temporarily Used for Project Construction ......................3.14-27

Table 3.14-10 Direct and Indirect Effects to Important Farmland by the F-B LGA................3.14-29

Table 3.14-11 Important Farmland Permanently Affected by the F-B LGA...........................3.14-29

Table 3.14-12 Protected Farmland Permanently Affected by the F-B LGA...........................3.14-37

Table 3.14-13 Protected Farmland Reduced to Less Than the Williamson Act Minimum 

Size..................................................................................................................................3.14-37

Table 3.14-14 Mitigation Measure Applicable to the F-B LGA and May 2014 Project ..........3.14-40

Table 3.15-1 Parks, Recreation, and Open Space Resources within 1,000 feet of the F-B 

LGA Centerline ..................................................................................................................3.15-9

Table 3.15-2 School District Play Areas and Recreation Facilities within 1,000 feet of the 

Centerline for the F-B LGA..............................................................................................3.15-10

Table 3.15-3 Parks, Recreation, and Open Space Resources and School District Play 

Areas and Recreation Facilities in the Study Area for the Shafter Maintenance of 

Infrastructure Facility .......................................................................................................3.15-10

Table 3.15-4 Parks, Recreation, and Open Space Resources and School District Play 

Areas and Recreation Facilities in the Study Area for the Bakersfield Station Location . 3.15-11

Table 3.15-5 Permanent Acquisition Acreage of Parks, Recreation, and Open Space 

Resources........................................................................................................................3.15-14

Table 3.15-6 Mitigation Measure Applicable to the F-B LGA.................................................3.15-26

Table 3.15-7 Mitigation Measures Specific to the F-B LGA...................................................3.15-27

Table 3.16-1 Summary of Aesthetic Impacts at F-B LGA Key Viewpoints ............................3.16-48

Table 3.16-2 Summary of Visual Quality Changes and Impacts at Key Viewpoints .............3.16-51

Table 3.16-3 Mitigation Measures Applicable to the F-B LGA...............................................3.16-83

Table 3.16-4 Mitigation Measures Specific to the F-B LGA...................................................3.16-85

Table 3.16-5 Summary of Visual Resources Impacts after Mitigation...................................3.16-86
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November 2017 California High-Speed Rail Authority

Page | xxvi Fresno to Bakersfield Section

Draft Supplemental EIR/EIS

Table 3.17-1 Built Resources Identified in the F-B LGA Built Resource Area of Potential 

Effect that are Eligible for the National Register of Historic Places or California 

Register of Historical Resources, or that Meet the Definition of a CEQA Historical 

Resource .........................................................................................................................3.17-10

Table 3.17-2 Local Agency Consultation and Outreach Efforts.............................................3.17-20

Table 3.17-3 Historical Societies and Museums Consulted ..................................................3.17-22

Table 3.17-4 Affected Environment of May 2014 Project (Section 106 Historic Properties 

and CEQA Historical Resources) ....................................................................................3.17-24

Table 3.17-5 Mitigation Measures Applicable to Archaeological Resources in the F-B 

LGA..................................................................................................................................3.17-47

Table 3.17-6 Mitigation Measures Applicable to Built Resources in the F-B LGA.................3.17-48

Table 3.17-7 CEQA Significant Impacts Analysis to Historical Resources and Unique 

Archaeological Resources of the F-B LGA......................................................................3.17-50

Table 3.18-1 Local Land Use Policies .....................................................................................3.18-2

Table 3.18-2 Population Increase in the F-B LGA Study Area, 2000–2010 ............................3.18-7

Table 3.18-3 Population Projections in the F-B LGA Study Area, 2010–2035 ........................3.18-7

Table 3.18-4 Kern County and Regional Employment by Industry 2000–2022.......................3.18-8

Table 3.18-5 Regional Long-Range Employment Projections, 2013 and 2035.......................3.18-9

Table 3.18-6 Regional Labor Force Characteristics ..............................................................3.18-10

Table 3.18-7 Existing and Projected Housing Units ..............................................................3.18-11

Table 3.18-8 May 2014 Project Employment Impacts during Construction...........................3.18-12

Table 3.18-9 Regional Projected and Induced Population and Employment Growth............3.18-13

Table 3.18-10 Employment Impacts during Construction......................................................3.18-15

Table 3.18-11 Regional Projected and Induced Population and Employment Growth..........3.18-17

Table 3.19-1 Summary of Cumulative Impacts......................................................................3.19-30

Table 4-1 Section 4(f) Consultation .............................................................................................. 4-9

Table 4-2 Park, Recreation, and Open Space Properties Evaluated for Section 4(f) Use ......... 4-15

Table 4-3 Properties Listed in, or Determined or Recommended Eligible for, the National 

Register of Historic Places ................................................................................................... 4-20

Table 4-4 Measures to Minimize Harm ....................................................................................... 4-50

Table 5-1 Community Demographic Characteristics .................................................................... 5-6

Table 5-2 Minority and Low-Income Percentages in the Reference and Resource Study 

Area ...................................................................................................................................... 5-13

Table 5-3 Environmental Justice Impact Comparison between the May 2014 Project and 

the Fresno to Bakersfield Locally Generated Alternative ..................................................... 5-48

Table 5-4 Mitigation Measures Applicable to the F-B LGA......................................................... 5-51

Table 6-1 Capital Cost of the High-Speed Rail Alternatives ......................................................... 6-1

Table 6-2 Optimal Express Travel Times from Fresno to Bakersfield and Other Cities............... 6-4

Table 6-3 Annual Phase Full System Operating and Maintenance Costs, Year 2035 

(2010 $Millions) ...................................................................................................................... 6-5
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Fresno to Bakersfield Section Page | xxvii

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Table 6-4 Annual 2035 Operating and Maintenance Costs Apportioned to the Fresno to 

Bakersfield Section (2010 $millions) ...................................................................................... 6-6

Table 6-5 Annual 2035 Operating and Maintenance Costs Apportioned to the May 2014 

Project and F-B LGA .............................................................................................................. 6-6

Table 8-1 F-B LGA Systems Sites .............................................................................................. 8-11

Table 8-2 Natural Resources Impacts Comparison.................................................................... 8-12

Table 8-3 Community Resources Impacts Comparison ............................................................. 8-12

Table 9-1 Public and Agency Meetings ........................................................................................ 9-3

Figures

Figure S-1 California HSR System Initial Study Corridors............................................................S-3

Figure S-2 Fresno to Bakersfield Section project alternatives......................................................S-4

Figure S-3 Fresno to Bakersfield Section Final EIR/EIS Preferred Build Alternative ...................S-5

Figure S-4 May 2014 Project and F-B LGA Alignment Comparison ............................................S-9

Figure 1-1 Statewide HSR System ............................................................................................... 1-3

Figure 1-2 Fresno to Bakersfield Section Final EIR/EIS Preferred Build Alternative ................... 1-7

Figure 1-3 Locations of F-B Section EIR/EIS Alternatives, F-B LGA, and May 2014 

Project..................................................................................................................................... 1-8

Figure 2-1 F-B LGA and May 2014 Project................................................................................... 2-7

Figure 2-2 F-B LGA and Associated Features.............................................................................. 2-8

Figure 2-3 F-B LGA in Kern County and Shafter........................................................................ 2-11

Figure 2-4 F-B LGA in Shafter and Kern County ........................................................................ 2-12

Figure 2-5 F-B LGA in Shafter .................................................................................................... 2-13

Figure 2-6 F-B LGA in Bakersfield and Oildale........................................................................... 2-14

Figure 2-7 F-B LGA in Oildale and Bakersfield........................................................................... 2-15

Figure 2-8 F-B LGA in Bakersfield .............................................................................................. 2-16

Figure 2-9 Straddle Bent Design................................................................................................. 2-17

Figure 2-10 Cross-Section of F-B LGA within the City of Shafter............................................... 2-23

Figure 2-11 Cross-Section of F-B LGA within the City of Shafter North of Los Angeles 

Avenue.................................................................................................................................. 2-24

Figure 2-12 Cross-Section of F-B LGA within the City of Shafter at Los Angeles Avenue ........ 2-25

Figure 2-13 Viaduct Cross-Section of the F-B LGA within the City of Bakersfield ..................... 2-29

Figure 2-14 Bakersfield F Street Station Rendering ................................................................... 2-30

Figure 2-15 Bakersfield F Street Station Conceptual Layout...................................................... 2-31

Figure 2-16 Typical Tower Structure Construction ..................................................................... 2-38

Figure 2-17 Typical Conductor Stringing Activities ..................................................................... 2-38

Figure 3-1 Shifts of Roadways and Other Infrastructure ...........................................................3.1-6

Figure 3.2-1 City of Shafter Study Intersections ......................................................................3.2-11
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Figure 3.2-2 City of Shafter Roadway Segments ....................................................................3.2-15

Figure 3.2-3 City of Shafter Existing Intersection Levels-of-Service .......................................3.2-16

Figure 3.2-4 Kern County Study Intersections .........................................................................3.2-19

Figure 3.2-5 Kern County Roadway Segments .......................................................................3.2-20

Figure 3.2-6 Kern County Existing Intersection Levels-of-Service ..........................................3.2-23

Figure 3.2-7 City of Bakersfield Study Intersections................................................................3.2-27

Figure 3.2-8 City of Bakersfield Roadway Segments ..............................................................3.2-28

Figure 3.2-9 City of Bakersfield Existing Intersection Levels-of-Service ................................. 3.2-29

Figure 3.2-10 Regionally Significant Roads in Bakersfield ......................................................3.2-33

Figure 3.2-11 Bakersfield Station Study Area Roadway Classifications Roadway 

Segment Analysis ..............................................................................................................3.2-34

Figure 3.2-12 Bakersfield Station Area Roadway Segments...................................................3.2-37

Figure 3.2-13 Bakersfield Station Area Roadway Segments...................................................3.2-38

Figure 3.2-14 Bakersfield Station Area Study Intersections ....................................................3.2-39

Figure 3.2-15 Bakersfield Station Area Intersection Levels-of-Service ...................................3.2-40

Figure 3.2-16 Future (2035) Plus Truxtun Avenue Station Intersection Levels-of-Service .....3.2-45

Figure 3.2-17 Future (2035) plus Build Peak Hour Intersection Levels-of-Service for the 

City of Shafter....................................................................................................................3.2-55

Figure 3.2-18 Future (2035) plus Build Peak Hour Intersection Levels-of-Service for Kern 

County ...............................................................................................................................3.2-56

Figure 3.2-19 Future (2035) plus Build Peak Hour Intersection Levels-of-Service for the 

City of Bakersfield..............................................................................................................3.2-57

Figure 3.2-20 Future (2035) plus Build Peak Hour Intersection Levels-of-Service for the 

Bakersfield Station Area ....................................................................................................3.2-61

Figure 3.3-1 San Joaquin Valley Air Basin ................................................................................3.3-9

Figure 3.3-2 Air Quality Monitoring Stations Closest to Project...............................................3.3-21

Figure 3.4-1 Noise Impact Criteria for High-Speed Rail Projects ..............................................3.4-6

Figure 3.4-2 Noise and Vibration Level Measurement Locations (North End) ........................3.4-11

Figure 3.4-3 Noise and Vibration Level Measurement Locations (South End)........................3.4-12

Figure 3.4-4 Noise Impacts......................................................................................................3.4-29

Figure 3.4-5 Noise Impacts......................................................................................................3.4-30

Figure 3.4-6 Ground-Borne Vibration vs. Distance (from 1/3-Octave Band Data) ..................3.4-34

Figure 3.4-7 Noise Barrier Locations Inset Area 1...................................................................3.4-51

Figure 3.4-8 Noise Barrier Locations Inset Area 2...................................................................3.4-52

Figure 3.4-9 Noise Barrier Locations Inset Area 3...................................................................3.4-53

Figure 3.4-10 Noise Barrier Locations Inset Area 4................................................................. 3.4-54

Figure 3.5-1 Proximity of the San Joaquin Community Hospital to the F-B LGA ......................3.5-7

Figure 3.6-1 Electric Transmission Lines.................................................................................3.6-13

Figure 3.6-2 Natural Gas Transmission Pipelines ...................................................................3.6-14
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Figure 3.6-3 Petroleum and Fuel Transmission Pipelines .......................................................3.6-15

Figure 3.6-4 Communication Facilities and Sites ....................................................................3.6-16

Figure 3.7-1 Schematic of Biological Resource Study Areas ..................................................3.7-11

Figure 3.7-2 Soils and Watersheds..........................................................................................3.7-19

Figure 3.7-3 Wildlife Habitat Types..........................................................................................3.7-23

Figure 3.7-4 CNDDB Special-Status Plant Communities ........................................................3.7-37

Figure 3.7-5 CNDDB Special-Status Plant Species ................................................................3.7-38

Figure 3.7-6 CNDDB Special-Status Wildlife Species: Amphibians, Fish, Invertebrates, 

and Reptiles.......................................................................................................................3.7-39

Figure 3.7-7 CNDDB Special-Status Wildlife Species: Birds...................................................3.7-40

Figure 3.7-8 CNDDB Special-Status Wildlife Species: Mammals ...........................................3.7-41

Figure 3.7-9 Special-Status Plant Species and Special-Status Plant Communities Survey 

Results...............................................................................................................................3.7-42

Figure 3.7-10 Jurisdictional Waters Delineation Results .........................................................3.7-55

Figure 3.7-11 Protected Trees Survey Results........................................................................3.7-63

Figure 3.7-12 Kern River Corridor............................................................................................3.7-71

Figure 3.8-1 Regional Hydrologic Setting ..................................................................................3.8-7

Figure 3.8-2 Surface Waters and Floodplain ...........................................................................3.8-13

Figure 3.8-3 Water Districts - Federal and State .....................................................................3.8-17

Figure 3.8-4 Water Districts - Private.......................................................................................3.8-18

Figure 3.8-5 Groundwater Basins ............................................................................................3.8-23

Figure 3.9-1 Surficial Geology for the F-B LGA.........................................................................3.9-9

Figure 3.9-2 Soil Associations in the Project Region...............................................................3.9-10

Figure 3.9-3 Hazardous and Potentially Hazardous Faults near the Alignment......................3.9-13

Figure 3.9-4 Earthquake Activity in the Region .......................................................................3.9-14

Figure 3.9-5 Calculated Peak Ground Acceleration Values for the F-B LGA..........................3.9-15

Figure 3.9-6 Inundation Areas ................................................................................................. 3.9-16

Figure 3.9-7 Oil and Gas Fields near the F-B LGA..................................................................3.9-19

Figure 3.9-8 Soil Erosion in Southeastern Bakersfield ............................................................3.9-25

Figure 3.10-1 Overview of Potential Environmental Concern Sites and Educational 

Facilities in the Study Area................................................................................................3.10-7

Figure 3.10-2 Potential Environmental Concern Sites and Educational Facilities in the 

Study Area (Sheet 1 of 14)...............................................................................................3.10-8

Figure 3.11-1 Fatalities (per 100 million passenger miles) in 2008 .........................................3.11-1

Figure 3.11-2 Total Passenger Fatalities in 2008 ....................................................................3.11-2

Figure 3.11-3 Shafter Area: Safety and Security Existing Conditions .....................................3.11-7

Figure 3.11-4 Location of Tall Structures and High Risk Facilities along the May 2014 

Project and F-B LGA Alignments.....................................................................................3.11-15

Figure 3.12-1 Study Area and Geographic Areas Considered for the F-B LGA......................3.12-9
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Page | xxx Fresno to Bakersfield Section

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Figure 3.12-2 Fresno to Bakersfield Locally Generated Alternative and Alternative 

Alignments .......................................................................................................................3.12-10

Figure 3.12-3 Age Distribution in 2000 and 2010 (U.S. Census 2000 and 2010) ................. 3.12-15

Figure 3.12-4 Average and Median Income in Kern County (U.S. Census Bureau 2005, 

2006, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010a, 2011, 2012, 2013a, 2014)...........................................3.12-25

Figure 3.12-5 Unemployment and Poverty Rates in Kern County (U.S. Census Bureau 

2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010a, 2011, 2012, 2013a, 2014)................................. 3.12-26

Figure 3.12-6 Community Facilities in the Study Area...........................................................3.12-31

Figure 3.12-7 Zoning Within the Study Area..........................................................................3.12-47

Figure 3.13-1 Existing Land Use—Bakersfield F Street Station..............................................3.13-7

Figure 3.13-2 Current Zoning—Bakersfield F Street Station...................................................3.13-8

Figure 3.13-3 Station Connectivity—Bakersfield F Street Station .........................................3.13-17

Figure 3.14-1 Important Farmland and Grazing Land in the Project Vicinity...........................3.14-9

Figure 3.14-2 Distribution of Crop Cover in the Project Vicinity.............................................3.14-11

Figure 3.14-3 Protected Lands in the F-B LGA Project Vicinity.............................................3.14-15

Figure 3.14-4 Protected Lands in the Vicinity of the May 2014 Permanent Project 

Footprint...........................................................................................................................3.14-17

Figure 3.14-5 Williamson Act Property in the May 2014 Permanent Project Footprint .........3.14-23

Figure 3.14-6 Williamson Act Property in the F-B LGA Permanent Project Footprint ...........3.14-33

Figure 3.15-1 Shafter Area: Parks, Recreation, and Open Space Resources and School 

District Play Areas and Recreation Facilities in the Project Study Area............................3.15-7

Figure 3.15-2 Bakersfield Area: Parks, Recreation, and Open Space Resources and 

School District Play Areas and Recreation Facilities in the Project Study Area ...............3.15-8

Figure 3.16-1 Overview of Landscape Units..........................................................................3.16-11

Figure 3.16-2 Shafter Town Landscape Unit .........................................................................3.16-12

Figure 3.16-3 Shafter Town Landscape Unit: Representative Residential Views .................3.16-13

Figure 3.16-4 Shafter Town Landscape Unit: Representative Commercial and Industrial 

Uses................................................................................................................................. 3.16-14

Figure 3.16-5 Shafter Town Landscape Unit: Representative Agricultural Views .................3.16-15

Figure 3.16-6 Rural San Joaquin Valley Landscape Unit......................................................3.16-19

Figure 3.16-7 Rural San Joaquin Valley Landscape Unit: Representative Views .................3.16-20

Figure 3.16-8 Landscape Units in Metropolitan Bakersfield ..................................................3.16-21

Figure 3.16-9 North Bakersfield Landscape Unit...................................................................3.16-25

Figure 3.16-10 North Bakersfield Landscape Unit: Representative Industrial and 

Commercial Views ...........................................................................................................3.16-26

Figure 3.16-11 North Bakersfield Landscape Unit: Representative Residential Views.........3.16-27

Figure 3.16-12 Kern River Landscape Unit............................................................................3.16-31

Figure 3.16-13 Kern River Landscape Unit: Representative Views ......................................3.16-32

Figure 3.16-14 Central Bakersfield Landscape Unit ..............................................................3.16-35

Figure 3.16-15 Central Bakersfield Landscape Unit: Representative Commercial Views.....3.16-36
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Figure 3.16-16 Central Bakersfield Landscape Unit: Representative Commercial Views.....3.16-37

Figure 3.16-17 Central Bakersfield Landscape Unit: Representative Institutional Views......3.16-38

Figure 3.16-18 Central Bakersfield Landscape Unit: Representative Residential Views ......3.16-39

Figure 3.16-19 East Bakersfield Landscape Unit ..................................................................3.16-43

Figure 3.16-20 East Bakersfield Landscape Unit: Representative Commercial Views .........3.16-44

Figure 3.16-21 East Bakersfield Landscape Unit: Representative Infrastructure and Civic

Views ...............................................................................................................................3.16-45

Figure 3.16-22 East Bakersfield Landscape Unit: Representative Residential Views ..........3.16-46

Figure 3.16-23 KVP 1 Existing and Simulated Views at the Shafter Depot Museum............3.16-53

Figure 3.16-24 KVP 2 Existing and Simulated Views of Burbank Street from Heath Road, 

Looking West...................................................................................................................3.16-57

Figure 3.16-25 KVP 3 Existing and Simulated Views of Verdugo Lane in Rural Shafter, 

Looking North ..................................................................................................................3.16-58

Figure 3.16-26 KVP 4 Existing and Simulated Views from Coffee Road Looking Northeast 

Toward SR 99 Interchange at 7th Standard Road ..........................................................3.16-61

Figure 3.16-27 KVP 5 Existing and Simulated Views of Snow Road at Creemore Street in 

North Bakersfield, Looking Northeast..............................................................................3.16-62

Figure 3.16-28 KVP 6 Existing and Simulated Views of Olive Drive and Knudsen Drive in 

North Bakersfield, Looking Northeast..............................................................................3.16-63

Figure 3.16-29 KVP 7 Existing and Simulated Views of Kern River Parkway Bike Trail 

toward Alignment.............................................................................................................3.16-67

Figure 3.16-30 KVP 8 Existing and Simulated Views from SR 204 South Frontage Road, 

Looking North toward Bakersfield F Street Station Site ..................................................3.16-71

Figure 3.16-31 KVP 9 Existing and Simulated Views from Garces Circle in Central 

Bakersfield Looking North ...............................................................................................3.16-75

Figure 3.16-32 KVP 10 Existing and Simulated Views at the Intersection of San Dimas 

Street and Homaker Place ..............................................................................................3.16-76

Figure 3.16-33 KVP 11 Existing and Simulated Views on Sumner Street at Baker Street 

in East Bakersfield...........................................................................................................3.16-79

Figure 3.16-34 KVP 12 Existing and Simulated Views of the Mercado Latino Tianguis in 

East Bakersfield Looking West from Edison Highway ....................................................3.16-80

Figure 3.17-1 Historic Properties and Historical Resources Identified in the F-B LGA Area 

of Potential Effect ............................................................................................................3.17-13

Figure 3.18-1 Unemployment Rates in Kern County from 2005 to 2014................................. 3.18-6

Figure 4-1 F-B LGA and F Street Station...................................................................................... 4-5

Figure 4-2 Section 4(f) Properties within the City of Shafter....................................................... 4-11

Figure 4-3 Section 4(f) Properties within Kern County ............................................................... 4-12

Figure 4-4 Section 4(f) Properties within Kern County and Bakersfield ..................................... 4-13

Figure 4-5 Section 4(f) Properties within Kern County ............................................................... 4-14

Figure 4-6 Park, Recreation, and Open Space Properties Section 4(f) Use Assessment ......... 4-29

Figure 4-7 Cultural Resources Section 4(f) Use Assessment – MRs #00A, #00B, and 

#116...................................................................................................................................... 4-35
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Figure 4-8 Cultural Resources Section 4(f) Use Assessment – MRs #00C and #025 ............... 4-39

Figure 4-9 Cultural Resources Section 4(f) Use Assessment – MRs #042, #055, #075, 

#097, and #133..................................................................................................................... 4-43

Figure 4-10 Cultural Resources Section 4(f) Use Assessment – MRs #00D, #107, #116, 

and #120............................................................................................................................... 4-47

Figure 4-11 Cultural Resources Section 4(f) Use Assessment – MR #030................................ 4-48

Figure 5-1 Study Area and Geographic Areas Considered for the F-B LGA................................ 5-9

Figure 5-2 Minority or Low-Income Communities by Census Block for the May 2014 

Project................................................................................................................................... 5-11

Figure 5-3 Minority or Low-Income Communities by Census Block for the F-B LGA................. 5-17

Figure 8-1 F-B LGA and May 2014 Project................................................................................... 8-3

Appendices

Appendix 1-A Flysheet: Business Plans

Appendix 1-B: Benefits

Appendix 2-A: Road Crossings

Appendix 2-B: Railroad Crossings

Appendix 2-C Flysheet: Operations and Service Plan Summaries

Appendix 2-D Flysheet: Applicable Design Standards

Appendix 2-E Flysheet: Summary of Requirements for Operations and Maintenance Facilities 

Appendix 2-F Flysheet: Interim Use

Appendix 2-G: Mitigation Monitoring and Enforcement Plan (as amended) 

Appendix 2-H: Functions of Impact Avoidance and Minimization Measures

Appendix 3.3-A Flysheet: Potential Impact from Induced Wind

Appendix 3.3-B Flysheet: Draft Federal General Conformity Determination

Appendix 3.4-A Flysheet: Noise and Vibration

Appendix 3.4-B: F-B LGA Noise and Vibration Measurements

Appendix 3.4-C: Noise and Vibration Mitigation Guidelines

Appendix 3.5-A Flysheet: Technical Study: Pre-Construction Electromagnetic Measurement 

Survey

Appendix 3.6-A Flysheet: Existing Plus Project Conditions Energy Analysis

Appendix 3.6-B Flysheet: Water Usage Analysis Technical Memorandum

Appendix 3.6-C Flysheet: Energy Analysis Memorandum

Appendix 3.7-A Flysheet: Special-Status Species and Observed Habitats

Appendix 3.7-B: Comparison of Impacts on Biological Resources by Alternative

Appendix 3.7-C Flysheet: Watershed Evaluation Reports Parts 1 through 4

Appendix 3.8-A: Water Bodies Crossed by Project Alternatives

Appendix 3.8-B Flysheet: Summary of Hydraulic Modeling
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Appendix 3.11-A Flysheet: Safety and Security Data

Appendix 3.11-B Flysheet: Airport Obstructions

Appendix 3.12-A Flysheet: Residential, Business and Mobile Home Relocation Assistance 

Brochures 

Appendix 3.12-B: Effects on School District Funding and Transportation Bus Routes

Appendix 3.12-C: Effects on Children’s Health and Safety

Appendix 3.13-A: Land Use Plans, Goals, and Policies

Appendix 3.14-A: Results and Findings of Land Evaluation and Site Assessment Pursuant to the

Farmland Protection Act

Appendix 3.14-B: Remnant Parcel Analysis

Appendix 3.14-C Flysheet: High Speed Train Noise Disturbance on Grazing Land

Appendix 3.17-A Flysheet: Programmatic Agreement

Appendix 3.19-A: Planned and Potential Projects

Appendix 3.19-B: Planned Transportation Projects

Appendix 5-A Flysheet: Operating Cost Memorandum 

Appendix 8-A: Analysis of the Comparable Section (May 2014 Project)
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