On-the-Job Training Standards

For

Tourist and Excursion Mechanical Employees

Steam Engines

January 2, 2021
Foreword

The OJT tasks identified below assumes a continuous and ongoing positive conversation between the designated instructor / qualified person and 

trainee. It means sufficient opportunity for conversational feedback before, during, and after any task is undertaken. The purpose of this 

conversation is to ensure learning transfer occurs. Depending on task complexity and learner skill level, most adults gain mastery of new skills 

through practice and repetition. OJT standards provide the basis for measuring mastery of new skills in a fair and objective manner. It is 

understood that many of the tasks below are presented in a manner that may suggest non-complying conditions must be present for the trainee to 

demonstrate proficiency. That is not the case and it is for this reason that a positive conversation between teacher and learner is encouraged

throughout the OJT process. 

Please also note that there is no obligation under 49 CFR Part 243 for employers to train safety-related railroad employees on skills they will never 

apply in connection with their duties. For example, if an employee will not be required to perform a single car test, no training on that particular 

task is required. 
On-the-Job Training Roles and Responsibilities – Example Template

 ̈ The designated instructor serves as the overall coordinator of the specific OJT program and is primarily responsible for:

• Acting as the principal point of contact for the process, and ensuring the process is properly implemented. 

• Ensuring that all trainees and qualified persons involved in the OJT process have received hard copies of the OJT program or electronic 

copies of the checklist.

• Providing guidance to both the trainee and qualified person in the process once they have received the OJT program.

• Ensuring that trainees have access to all the supporting publications listed in this OJT program. 

• Ensuring the trainee has successfully completed all safety-related tasks to become a qualified member of an occupational category or 

subcategory.

2. The qualified person (sometimes referred to as a peer trainer) may serve as the mentor/coach for trainees. The qualified person must be 

qualified and has a duty to communicate with the trainees to ensure OJT is properly administered throughout the process. The qualified person 

will also provide daily briefings at the beginning and end of each day regarding the specific tasks focused on during that day. The trainee may 

perform OJT under the direct onsite observation of any qualified person, provided the qualified person has been advised of the circumstances and 

is capable of intervening if an unsafe act or noncompliance with Federal railroad safety laws, regulations, or orders is observed. However, the 

trainee must demonstrate OJT proficiency to the satisfaction of the designated instructor to become a qualified member of an 

occupational category or subcategory. A designated instructor and qualified person can be the same person. 

3. The trainee (new hire) has the responsibility to pay close attention to the qualified person providing OJT, and to take advantage of the knowledge 

and experience he or she has to offer. Tracking progress of the OJT is essential and is the trainee’s responsibility. Trainees should be aware of, 

and abide by, the following:

• The designated instructor and/or qualified person will provide practical information and advice on the requirements and responsibilities of 

assigned duties.

• Trainees are responsible for completing any narrative and self-study assignments outside the scope of this OJT program. Additional 

assignments are an integral part of the training experience and must be completed before being deemed qualified by the employer. 

• To gain the maximum benefit from the OJT experience, trainees should:

o Remain alert and involved in the training activities. 

o Ask questions and learn from feedback. 

o Take notes and apply previous lessons. 

o Complete all required assignments. 
o Become familiar with and comply with FRA regulations, railroad safety rules, and other procedures mandated as a condition of 

employment by the employer.

o Develop and maintain a learning attitude.

• The OJT experience is designed to be much more than following a qualified person around and watching what he or she does. Trainees must 

take an active role in the OJT and thoroughly engage in the various job tasks outlined in this OJT program.

• Expect the qualified person to say, “Here, you give it a try.” Remember, while progressing through the OJT program, trainees can learn 

skills, to develop knowledge, and to adopt work habits and routines that will last throughout a railroad career. 

• Tracking and documenting OJT progress is an essential process step. 

Guidelines for On-the-Job Training Program Coordination and Administration

In most cases, the first week or so of employment will involve administrative details and an overall orientation. Although it is understood that a 

trainee’s duties may overlap with other organizational requirements, each day of OJT should focus on one of the major duties of the OJT program to 

the extent possible. Once the tasks have been selected, there should be both an initial briefing on the tasks to be completed at the beginning and end 

of each day. 

• The purpose of the debriefing is to go through the day’s activities, and to focus on each of the tasks associated with the task selected. 

• There is no required sequential order for completing the OJT associated with any task, and no attempt is made to prioritize any tasks. 

Although OJT should be focused on a task, it is anticipated that the task standards will be accomplished based on available training 

opportunities.

Important Note: Although OJT is a critical aspect of 49 CFR Part 243, FRA will consider, on a case by case basis, alternate approaches to OJT in 

lieu of the traditional approach (see 49 CFR § 243.5- On-the-job training). For example, some employers or training organizations may have access 

to state of the art indoor/outdoor training facilities that permit students to practice tasks that require neuromuscular coordination to learn in a 

controlled environment with minimal or no risk of personal injury. Other approaches may include; classroom practical exercises, role play, lab 

simulation, virtual reality (VR), and other emerging technologies. While FRA does encourage alternate approaches to OJT to lessen the risk of 

personal injury exposure to students, enough detail must be included in the submission and satisfy the regulatory requirements of 49 CFR § 

243.101(d) (1-3). 
Table of Contents

Task X: Understand Steam Locomotive and Passenger /Freight Car Air Brake Systems - Part 232, Appendix B......................................................... 6

Task X: Apply Safety Appliance Standards on Steam Locomotives Used in Road Service - Part 231........................................................................... 7

Task X: Apply Safety Appliance Standards Common on Steam Locomotives - Part 231............................................................................................. 11

Task X: Apply Safety Appliance Standards on Passenger Cars with Wide Vestibules- Part 231 ................................................................................. 14

Task X: Apply Safety Appliance Standards on Passenger Cars with Open-end Platforms - Part 231........................................................................... 16

Task X: Apply Safety Appliance Standards on Passenger Cars without End Platforms - Part 231............................................................................... 18

Task X: Apply Steam Locomotive Movement for Repair Provisions – Part 230 .......................................................................................................... 23

Task X: Apply Steam Locomotive Daily Inspection Requirements – Part 230............................................................................................................. 24

Task X: Apply 31 Service Day Inspection Items - Part 230........................................................................................................................................... 33

Task X: Apply 92 Service Day Inspection Items - Part 230........................................................................................................................................... 33

Task X: Apply Annual Inspection Items - Part 230 ....................................................................................................................................................... 34

Task X: Apply 1472 Service Day Inspection Items - Part 230....................................................................................................................................... 36
Page 6 of 36

Task X: Understand Steam Locomotive and Passenger /Freight Car Air Brake Systems - Part 232, Appendix B

Performance

Tasks

Conditions

Tools, Equipment, Documents, Practice

Standards

Time, Completeness, or Accuracy

Task X-X: Demonstrate an 

understanding of steam 

locomotive and car brake 

systems.

Given an opportunity to read the 

appropriate air brake pamphlets, 49 CFR 

Part 230 and 232, a briefing by the 

designated instructor or qualified person,

the trainee will:

Correctly identify and describe each of the following to the 

satisfaction of designated instructor or qualified person:

 Brake system name.

 Component names and purpose.

 Graduated release (where available).

 Direct release.

 Feed valve braking.

 Periodic cleaning and test intervals.

Task X-X: Demonstrate an 

understanding of 

passenger/freight car single 

car tests.

Given an opportunity to read CFR Part 

232, Appendix B, the latest revision of 

AAR S0-XXX, (placeholder for other 

sources), and to observe at least two 

single car tests, a briefing by the 

designated instructor or qualified person, 

the trainee will: 

Perform a single car test on three separate occasions with 100 percent 

accuracy, and explain steps during the test to the satisfaction of 

designated instructor or qualified person:

 Purpose of each step in the overall (SCT) test process.

 Frequency.

 Single car test triggers.

 Calibration and documentation.
Page 7 of 36

Task X: Apply Safety Appliance Standards on Steam Locomotives Used in Road Service - Part 231

Performance

Tasks

Conditions

Tools, Equipment, Documents, Practice

Standards

Time, Completeness, or Accuracy

Task X-X: Demonstrate an 

understanding of the safety 

appliance standards when 

inspecting steam 

locomotives.

Given an opportunity to read the 

appropriate safety appliance diagrams, 49 

CFR Part 231, specifically § 231.15 these 

OJT standards, and to participate in at 

least five separate inspections of a steam 

locomotive with a qualified person or 

designated instructor, the trainee will:

Identify each of the following components and explain why each is 

either compliance or non-compliant. If non-compliance with any of 

these components exists, find, on three separate inspections, 100 

percent of any non-complying conditions noted by the designated 

instructor or qualified person.

Tender sill steps (four) located on each corner of tender):

 Bottom tread not less than 8 by 12 inches, if stirrup used clearance 

of tread shall not be less than 10 inches.

 Securely fastened with bolts or rivets.

Task X-X: Demonstrate an 

understanding of the safety 

appliance standards when 

inspecting steam 

locomotives.

Given an opportunity to read the 

appropriate safety appliance diagrams, 49 

CFR Part 231, specifically § 231.15 these 

OJT standards, and to participate in at 

least five separate inspections of a steam 

locomotive with a qualified person or 

designated instructor, the trainee will:

Identify each of the following components and explain why each is 

either compliance or non-compliant. If non-compliance with any of 

these components exists, find, on three separate inspections, 100 

percent of any non-complying conditions noted by the designated 

instructor or qualified person.

Pilot sill steps (two) located on each end on or near each end of 

buffer-beam outside of rail and not more than 16 inches above rail):

 Tread not less than 8 inches in width by 10 inches in length

 Securely fastened with bolts or rivets
Page 8 of 36

Task X: Apply Safety Appliance Standards on Steam Locomotives Used in Road Service - Part 231

Performance

Tasks

Conditions

Tools, Equipment, Documents, Practice

Standards

Time, Completeness, or Accuracy

Task X-X: Demonstrate an 

understanding of the safety 

appliance standards when

inspecting steam 

locomotives.

Given an opportunity to read the 

appropriate safety appliance diagrams, 49 

CFR Part 231, specifically § 231.15 these 

OJT standards, and to participate in at 

least five separate inspections of a steam 

locomotive with a qualified person or 

designated instructor, the trainee will:

Identify each of the following components and explain why each is 

either compliance or non-compliant. If non-compliance with any of 

these components exists, find, on three separate inspections, 100 

percent of any non-complying conditions noted by the designated 

instructor or qualified person.

Pilot-beam handholds (one) each end of buffer-beam and uncoupling 

lever may be used in lieu of handholds if lever extends across front 

end of locomotive to within 8 inches of end of buffer-beam, and is 

seven-eighths of an inch or more in diameter, securely fastened, with 

a clearance of 2 1⁄2 inches:

 Minimum diameter five-eighths of an inch.

 Minimum clear length 14 inches.

 Minimum clearance 2 1⁄2 inches. 

 Securely fastened with bolts or rivets.
Page 9 of 36

Task X: Apply Safety Appliance Standards on Steam Locomotives Used in Road Service - Part 231

Performance

Tasks

Conditions

Tools, Equipment, Documents, Practice

Standards

Time, Completeness, or Accuracy

Task X-X: Demonstrate an 

understanding of the safety 

appliance standards when 

inspecting steam 

locomotives.

Given an opportunity to read the 

appropriate safety appliance diagrams, 49 

CFR Part 231, specifically § 231.15 these 

OJT standards, and to participate in at 

least five separate inspections of a steam 

locomotive with a qualified person or 

designated instructor, the trainee will:

Identify each of the following components and explain why each is 

either compliance or non-compliant. If non-compliance with any of 

these components exists, find, on three separate inspections, 100 

percent of any non-complying conditions noted by the designated 

instructor or qualified person.

Side handholds (six) horizontal or vertical. If vertical, one on each 

side of tender within 6 inches of rear or on corner. One on each side of 

tender near gangway and one on each side of locomotive at gangway 

applied vertically:

 Minimum diameter seven-eighths of an inch.

 Minimum clear length 16 inches.

 Vertical clear length equal to approximate height of tank.

 Minimum clearance 2 inches.

 Securely fastened with1 1⁄2 bolts or rivets.

If horizontal, one near each end on each side tender. Side handholds 

shall be not less than 24 nor more than 30 inches above center line of 

coupler, except where tread of ladder is a handhold. Clearance of 

outer end of handhold shall be not more than 8 inches from end of 

tender:

 Minimum diameter five-eighths of an inch.

 Minimum clear length 16 inches.

 Minimum clearance 2 1⁄2 inches. 

 Securely fastened with1 1⁄2 bolts or rivets.
Page 10 of 36

Task X: Apply Safety Appliance Standards on Steam Locomotives Used in Road Service - Part 231

Performance

Tasks

Conditions

Tools, Equipment, Documents, Practice

Standards

Time, Completeness, or Accuracy

Task X-X: Demonstrate an 

understanding of the safety 

appliance standards when 

inspecting steam 

locomotives.

Given an opportunity to read the 

appropriate safety appliance diagrams, 49 

CFR Part 231, specifically § 231.15 these 

OJT standards, and to participate in at 

least five separate inspections of a steam 

locomotive with a qualified person or 

designated instructor, the trainee will:

Identify each of the following components and explain why each is 

either compliance or non-compliant. If non-compliance with any of 

these components exists, find, on three separate inspections, 100 

percent of any non-complying conditions noted by the designated 

instructor or qualified person.

Rear-end handholds (two) horizontal, one near each side of rear end of 

tender on face of end sill. Clearance of outer end of handhold shall be 

not more than 16 inches from side of tender:

 Minimum diameter five-eighths of an inch.

 Minimum clear length 16 inches.

 Minimum clearance 2 inches.

 Securely fastened with1 1⁄2 bolts or rivets.

Task X-X: Demonstrate an 

understanding of the safety 

appliance standards when 

inspecting steam 

locomotives.

Given an opportunity to read the 

appropriate safety appliance diagrams, 49 

CFR Part 231, specifically § 231.15 these 

OJT standards, and to participate in at 

least five separate inspections of a steam 

locomotive with a qualified person or 

designated instructor, the trainee will:

Identify each of the following components and explain why each is 

either compliance or non-compliant. If non-compliance with any of 

these components exists, find, on three separate inspections, 100 

percent of any non-complying conditions noted by the designated 

instructor or qualified person.

Uncoupling levers (two) double levers operative from either side:

 Rear-end levers shall extend across end of tender with handles not 

more than 12 inches from side of tender.

 Not less than 2 inches clearance around uncoupling lever handle.

 Securely fastened with bolts or rivets.

Task X-X: Demonstrate an 

understanding of the safety 

appliance standards when 

inspecting steam 

locomotives.

Given an opportunity to read the 

appropriate safety appliance diagrams, 49 

CFR Part 231, specifically § 231.15 these 

OJT standards, and to participate in at 

least five separate inspections of a steam 

locomotive with a qualified person or 

designated instructor, the trainee will:

Identify each of the following components and explain why each is 

either compliance or non-compliant. If non-compliance with any of 

these components exists, find, on three separate inspections, 100 

percent of any non-complying conditions noted by the designated 

instructor or qualified person.

Couplers (two) automatic at rear of tender and front of locomotive:

 Couple height no more than 34 1⁄2 from top of rail.

 Coupler height no less than 31 1⁄2 from top of rail.
Page 11 of 36

Task X: Apply Safety Appliance Standards Common on Steam Locomotives - Part 231

Performance

Tasks

Conditions

Tools, Equipment, Documents, Practice

Standards

Time, Completeness, or Accuracy

Task X-X: Demonstrate an 

understanding of the safety 

appliance standards when 

inspecting steam 

locomotives.

Given an opportunity to read the 

appropriate safety appliance diagrams, 49 

CFR Part 231, specifically § 231.15 these 

OJT standards, and to participate in at 

least five separate inspections of a steam 

locomotive with a qualified person or 

designated instructor, the trainee will:

Identify each of the following components and explain why each is 

either compliance or non-compliant. If non-compliance with any of 

these components exists, find, on three separate inspections, 100 

percent of any non-complying conditions noted by the designated 

instructor or qualified person.

Running boards (two) on each side of boiler extending from cab to 

front end near pilot-beam. Flat-top steam chests may form section of 

running board:

 Minimum width 10 inches.

 If wood not less than 1 1⁄2 inches in thickness.

 If mental not less than 3/16 inches in thickness.

 Securely fastened with bolts, rivets, or studs.

Note: Wootten type boilers with cab located on top of boiler more 

than 12 inches forward from boiler head shall have suitable running 

boards running from cab to rear of locomotive, with handrailings not 

less than 20 nor more than 48 inches above outside edge of running 

boards, securely fastened with bolts, rivets, or studs.
Page 12 of 36

Task X: Apply Safety Appliance Standards Common on Steam Locomotives - Part 231

Performance

Tasks

Conditions

Tools, Equipment, Documents, Practice

Standards

Time, Completeness, or Accuracy

Task X-X: Demonstrate an 

understanding of the safety 

appliance standards when 

inspecting steam 

locomotives.

Given an opportunity to read the 

appropriate safety appliance diagrams, 49 

CFR Part 231, specifically § 231.17 these 

OJT standards, and to participate in at 

least five separate inspections of a steam 

locomotive with a qualified person or 

designated instructor, the trainee will:

Identify each of the following components and explain why each is 

either compliance or non-compliant. If non-compliance with any of 

these components exists, find, on three separate inspections, 100 

percent of any non-complying conditions noted by the designated 

instructor or qualified person.

Handrails two or more - one on each side of boiler extending from 

near cab to near front end of boiler, and extending across front end of 

boiler: 

 Not less than 24 inches or more than 66 inches above running 

board.

 Minimum 1 inch in diameter.

 Securely fastened to boiler.

Note: Handrails and steps for headlights that cannot be safely and 

conveniently reached from pilot-beam or steam chests shall be 

equipped with secure handrails and steps to access headlights. Metal 

end or side ladder shall be applied to all tanks more than 48 inches in 

height, measured from the top of end sill, and securely fastened with 

bolts or rivets.
Page 13 of 36

Task X: Apply Safety Appliance Standards Common on Steam Locomotives - Part 231

Performance

Tasks

Conditions

Tools, Equipment, Documents, Practice

Standards

Time, Completeness, or Accuracy

Task X-X: Demonstrate an 

understanding of the safety 

appliance standards when 

inspecting steam 

locomotives.

Given an opportunity to read the 

appropriate safety appliance diagrams, 49 

CFR Part 231, specifically § 231.17 these 

OJT standards, and to participate in at 

least five separate inspections of a steam 

locomotive with a qualified person or 

designated instructor, the trainee will:

Identify each of the following components and explain why each is 

either compliance or non-compliant. If non-compliance with any of 

these components exists, find, on three separate inspections, 100 

percent of any non-complying conditions noted by the designated 

instructor or qualified person.

Special Requirements for Vanderbilt Tenders:

 Running boards (one) on each side of tender not less than 10 

inches in width and one on top of tender not less than 48 inches in 

width, extending from coal space to rear of tender.

 Handrails (one) on each side of top running board, extending from 

coal space to rear of tank, not less than 1 inch in diameter and not 

less than 20 inches in height above running board from coal space 

to manhole.

 Handrail extending from coal space to within 12 inches of rear of 

tank, attached to each side of tank above side running board not 

less than 30 nor more than 66 inches above running board.

 Vertical end handhold (one) on each side located within 8 inches 

of rear of tank extending from within 8 inches of top of end sill to 

within 8 inches of side handrail. Post supporting rear end of side 

running board, if not more than 2 inches in diameter and properly 

located.

 Additional horizontal end handhold shall be applied on rear end 

when not equipped with vestibules. Handhold to be located not 

less than 30 nor more than 66 inches above top of end sill. Clear 

length of handhold to be not less than 48 inches.
Page 14 of 36

Task X: Apply Safety Appliance Standards on Passenger Cars with Wide Vestibules- Part 231

Performance

Tasks

Conditions

Tools, Equipment, Documents, Practice

Standards

Time, Completeness, or Accuracy

Task X-X: Demonstrate an 

understanding of the safety 

appliance standards when 

inspecting a passenger car 

with wide vestibules.

Given an opportunity to read the 

appropriate safety appliance diagrams, 49 

CFR Part 231, specifically § 231.12 these 

OJT standards, and to participate in at 

least five separate inspections of a wide 

vestibule passenger car with a qualified 

person or designated instructor, the 

trainee will:

Identify the following component and explain why it is either 

compliance or non-compliant. If non-compliance exists, find, on 

three separate inspections, 100 percent of any non-complying 

conditions noted by the designated instructor or qualified person.

 Effective handbrake that is located and can be safely operated 

while the car is in motion.

Task X-X: Demonstrate an 

understanding of the safety 

appliance standards when 

inspecting a passenger car 

with wide vestibules.

Given an opportunity to read the 

appropriate safety appliance diagrams, 49 

CFR Part 231, specifically § 231.12 these 

OJT standards, and to participate in at 

least five separate inspections of a wide 

vestibule passenger car with a qualified 

person or designated instructor, the 

trainee will:

Identify each of the following components and explain why each is 

either compliance or non-compliant. If non-compliance with any of 

these components exists, find, on three separate inspections, 100 

percent of any non-complying conditions noted by the designated 

instructor or qualified person.

Side handholds (eight), vertically mounted, one on each vestibule 

door post:

 Minimum diameter, five-eighths of an inch, metal.

 Minimum clear length, 16 inches. 

 Minimum clearance, 1 1⁄4 inches.

 Securely fastened with bolts, rivets, or screws.
Page 15 of 36

Task X: Apply Safety Appliance Standards on Passenger Cars with Wide Vestibules- Part 231

Performance

Tasks

Conditions

Tools, Equipment, Documents, Practice

Standards

Time, Completeness, or Accuracy

Task X-X: Demonstrate an 

understanding of the safety 

appliance standards when 

inspecting a passenger car 

with wide vestibules.

Given an opportunity to read the 

appropriate safety appliance diagrams, 49 

CFR Part 231, specifically § 231.12 these 

OJT standards, and to participate in at 

least five separate inspections of a wide 

vestibule passenger car with a qualified 

person or designated instructor, the 

trainee will:

Identify each of the following components and explain why each is 

either compliance or non-compliant. If non-compliance with any of 

these components exists, find, on three separate inspections, 100 

percent of any non-complying conditions noted by the designated 

instructor or qualified person.

End handholds (four) mounted horizontal one near each side on each 

end projecting downward from face of vestibule end sill:

 Clearance of outer end of handhold shall be not more than 16 

inches from side of car.

 Minimum clear length, 16 inches.

 Minimum diameter, five-eighths of an inch, wrought iron or steel.

 Minimum clearance, 2 inches.

 Handholds shall be flush with or project not more than 1 inch 

beyond vestibule face.

 Securely fastened with bolts or rivets.

Note: When marker sockets or brackets are located so that they cannot 

be conveniently reached from platforms, suitable steps and handholds 

shall be provided for men to reach such sockets or brackets.

Task X-X: Demonstrate an 

understanding of the safety 

appliance standards when 

inspecting a passenger car 

with wide vestibules.

Given an opportunity to read the 

appropriate safety appliance diagrams, 49 

CFR Part 231, specifically § 231.12 these 

OJT standards, and to participate in at 

least five separate inspections of a wide 

vestibule passenger car with a qualified 

person or designated instructor, the 

trainee will:

Identify each of the following components and explain why each is 

either compliance or non-compliant. If non-compliance with any of 

these components exists, find, on three separate inspections, 100 

percent of any non-complying conditions noted by the designated 

instructor or qualified person.

 Uncoupling levers (two), one on each end of car so they can be 

operated by a person standing on the ground.

 Minimum length 42 inches, measured from center line of end of 

car to handle of attachment.
Page 16 of 36

Task X: Apply Safety Appliance Standards on Passenger Cars with Open-end Platforms - Part 231

Performance

Tasks

Conditions

Tools, Equipment, Documents, Practice

Standards

Time, Completeness, or Accuracy

Task X-X: Demonstrate an 

understanding of the safety 

appliance standards when 

inspecting a passenger car 

with open-end platforms.

Given an opportunity to read the 

appropriate safety appliance diagrams, 49 

CFR Part 231, specifically § 231.13 these 

OJT standards, and to participate in at 

least five separate inspections of a 

passenger car with open-end platforms

with a qualified person or designated 

instructor, the trainee will:

Identify the following component and explain why it is either 

compliance or non-compliant. If non-compliance exists, find, on 

three separate inspections, 100 percent of any non-complying 

conditions noted by the designated instructor or qualified person.

Effective handbrake that is located and can be safely operated while 

the car is in motion.

Task X-X: Demonstrate an 

understanding of the safety 

appliance standards when 

inspecting a passenger car 

with open-end platforms.

Given an opportunity to read the 

appropriate safety appliance diagrams, 49 

CFR Part 231, specifically § 231.13 these 

OJT standards, and to participate in at 

least five separate inspections of a 

passenger car with open-end platforms 

with a qualified person or designated 

instructor, the trainee will:

Identify each of the following components and explain why each is 

either compliance or non-compliant. If non-compliance with any of 

these components exists, find, on three separate inspections, 100 

percent of any non-complying conditions noted by the designated 

instructor or qualified person.

End handholds (four), mounted horizontal one near each side of each 

end on face of platform end sill, projecting downward:

 Clearance of outer end of handhold shall be not more than 16 

inches from end of end sill.

 Minimum diameter, five-eighths of an inch, wrought iron or steel.

 Minimum clear length, 16 inches.

 Minimum clearance, 2 inches.

 Handholds shall be flush with or project not more than 1 inch 

beyond surface of end sill.

 Securely fastened with bolts or rivets.
Page 17 of 36

Task X: Apply Safety Appliance Standards on Passenger Cars with Open-end Platforms - Part 231

Performance

Tasks

Conditions

Tools, Equipment, Documents, Practice

Standards

Time, Completeness, or Accuracy

Task X-X: Demonstrate an 

understanding of the safety 

appliance standards when 

inspecting a passenger car 

with open-end platforms.

Given an opportunity to read the 

appropriate safety appliance diagrams, 49 

CFR Part 231, specifically § 231.13 these 

OJT standards, and to participate in at 

least five separate inspections of a 

passenger car with open-end platforms 

with a qualified person or designated 

instructor, the trainee will:

Identify each of the following components and explain why each is 

either compliance or non-compliant. If non-compliance with any of 

these components exists, find, on three separate inspections, 100 

percent of any non-complying conditions noted by the designated 

instructor or qualified person.

End-platform handholds (four), horizontal from or near door post to a 

point not more than 12 inches from corner of car, then approximately 

vertical to a point not more than 6 inches from top of platform:

 Horizontal portion shall be not less than 24 inches in length nor 

more than 40 inches above platform.

 Minimum clearance 2 inches.

 Securely fastened with bolts, rivets, or screws.

Note: Cars equipped with safety gates do not require end-platform 

handholds.

Task X-X: Demonstrate an 

understanding of the safety 

appliance standards when 

inspecting a passenger car 

with open-end platforms.

Given an opportunity to read the 

appropriate safety appliance diagrams, 49 

CFR Part 231, specifically § 231.13 these 

OJT standards, and to participate in at 

least five separate inspections of a 

passenger car with open-end platforms 

with a qualified person or designated 

instructor, the trainee will:

Identify each of the following components and explain why each is 

either compliance or non-compliant. If non-compliance with any of 

these components exists, find, on three separate inspections, 100 

percent of any non-complying conditions noted by the designated 

instructor or qualified person.

 Uncoupling levers (two), one on each end of car so they can be 

operated by a person standing on the ground.

 Minimum length 42 inches, measured from center line of end of 

car to handle of attachment.
Page 18 of 36

Task X: Apply Safety Appliance Standards on Passenger Cars without End Platforms - Part 231

Performance

Tasks

Conditions

Tools, Equipment, Documents, Practice

Standards

Time, Completeness, or Accuracy

Task X-X: Demonstrate an 

understanding of the safety 

appliance standards when 

inspecting a passenger car 

without end platforms.

Given an opportunity to read the 

appropriate safety appliance diagrams, 49 

CFR Part 231, specifically § 231.14 these 

OJT standards, and to participate in at 

least five separate inspections of a 

passenger car without end platforms with 

a qualified person or designated 

instructor, the trainee will:

Identify the following component and explain why it is either 

compliance or non-compliant. If non-compliance exists, find, on 

three separate inspections, 100 percent of any non-complying 

conditions noted by the designated instructor or qualified person.

Effective handbrake that is located and can be safely operated while 

the car is in motion.

Task X-X: Demonstrate an 

understanding of the safety 

appliance standards when 

inspecting a passenger car 

without end platforms.

Given an opportunity to read the 

appropriate safety appliance diagrams, 49 

CFR Part 231, specifically § 231.14 these 

OJT standards, and to participate in at 

least five separate inspections of a 

passenger car without end platforms with 

a qualified person or designated 

instructor, the trainee will:

Identify each of the following components and explain why each is 

either compliance or non-compliant. If non-compliance with any of 

these components exists, find, on three separate inspections, 100 

percent of any non-complying conditions noted by the designated 

instructor or qualified person.

Sill steps (four) with one located near each end on each side not more 

than 24 inches from corner of car to center of tread of sill step:

 Outside edge of tread of step shall be not more than 2 inches 

inside of face of side of car.

 Tread shall be not more than 24 above the top of rail.

 Steps exceeding 18 inches in depth shall have an additional tread 

and be laterally braced.

 Minimum length of tread, 10 inches.

 Minimum cross-sectional area, 1⁄2 by 1 1⁄2 inches or equivalent, 

wrought iron or steel.

 Minimum clear depth, 8 inches.

 Securely fastened with not less than 1/2-inch bolts with nuts 

outside (when possible) and riveted over, or with not less than 

1/2-inch rivets.
Page 19 of 36

Task X: Apply Safety Appliance Standards on Passenger Cars without End Platforms - Part 231

Performance

Tasks

Conditions

Tools, Equipment, Documents, Practice

Standards

Time, Completeness, or Accuracy

Task X-X: Demonstrate an 

understanding of the safety 

appliance standards when 

inspecting a passenger car 

without end platforms.

Given an opportunity to read the 

appropriate safety appliance diagrams, 49 

CFR Part 231, specifically § 231.14 these 

OJT standards, and to participate in at 

least five separate inspections of a 

passenger car without end platforms with 

a qualified person or designated 

instructor, the trainee will:

Identify each of the following components and explain why each is 

either compliance or non-compliant. If non-compliance with any of 

these components exists, find, on three separate inspections, 100 

percent of any non-complying conditions noted by the designated 

instructor or qualified person.

Side handholds (four) mounted horizontal or vertical, one near each 

end on each side of car over sill step:

 If horizontal, not less than 24 nor more than 30 inches above 

center line of coupler.

 If vertical, lower end not less than 18 nor more than 24 inches 

above center line of coupler.

 Minimum diameter, five-eighths of an inch, wrought iron or steel.

 Minimum clear length, 16 inches.

 Minimum clearance, 2, inches.

 Securely fastened with bolts, rivets or screws.
Page 20 of 36

Task X: Apply Safety Appliance Standards on Passenger Cars without End Platforms - Part 231

Performance

Tasks

Conditions

Tools, Equipment, Documents, Practice

Standards

Time, Completeness, or Accuracy

Task X-X: Demonstrate an 

understanding of the safety 

appliance standards when 

inspecting a passenger car 

without end platforms.

Given an opportunity to read the 

appropriate safety appliance diagrams, 49 

CFR Part 231, specifically § 231.14 these 

OJT standards, and to participate in at 

least five separate inspections of a 

passenger car without end platforms with 

a qualified person or designated 

instructor, the trainee will:

Identify each of the following components and explain why each is 

either compliance or non-compliant. If non-compliance with any of 

these components exists, find, on three separate inspections, 100 

percent of any non-complying conditions noted by the designated 

instructor or qualified person.

End handholds (four) mounted horizontal one near each side on each 

end projecting downward from face of end sill or sheathing. 

Clearance of outer end of handholds shall be not more than 16 inches 

from side of car:

 Handholds shall be flush with or project not more than 1 inch 

beyond face of end sill.

 Minimum diameter, five-eighths of an inch, wrought iron or steel.

 Minimum clear length, 16 inches.

 Minimum clearance, 2 inches.

 Securely fastened with bolts or rivets.

Note: When marker sockets or brackets are located so that they cannot 

be conveniently reached from platforms, suitable steps and handholds 

shall be provided for men to reach such sockets or brackets.
Page 21 of 36

Task X: Apply Safety Appliance Standards on Passenger Cars without End Platforms - Part 231

Performance

Tasks

Conditions

Tools, Equipment, Documents, Practice

Standards

Time, Completeness, or Accuracy

Task X-X: Demonstrate an 

understanding of the safety 

appliance standards when 

inspecting a passenger car 

without end platforms.

Given an opportunity to read the 

appropriate safety appliance diagrams, 49 

CFR Part 231, specifically § 231.14 these 

OJT standards, and to participate in at 

least five separate inspections of a 

passenger car without end platforms with 

a qualified person or designated 

instructor, the trainee will:

Identify each of the following components and explain why each is 

either compliance or non-compliant. If non-compliance with any of 

these components exists, find, on three separate inspections, 100 

percent of any non-complying conditions noted by the designated 

instructor or qualified person.

End handrails (four) on cars with projecting end sills, one on each 

side of each end:

 Extending horizontally from doorpost or vestibule frame to a 

point not more than 6 inches from corner of car, then 

approximately vertical to a point not more than 6 inches from top 

of platform end sill; horizontal portion shall be not less than 30 

nor more than 60 inches above platform end sill.

 Minimum diameter, five-eighths of an inch, wrought iron or steel.

 Minimum clearance, 2, inches.

 Securely fastened with bolts, rivets or screws. 
Page 22 of 36

Task X: Apply Safety Appliance Standards on Passenger Cars without End Platforms - Part 231

Performance

Tasks

Conditions

Tools, Equipment, Documents, Practice

Standards

Time, Completeness, or Accuracy

Task X-X: Demonstrate an 

understanding of the safety 

appliance standards when 

inspecting a passenger car 

without end platforms.

Given an opportunity to read the 

appropriate safety appliance diagrams, 49 

CFR Part 231, specifically § 231.14 these 

OJT standards, and to participate in at 

least five separate inspections of a 

passenger car without end platforms with 

a qualified person or designated 

instructor, the trainee will:

Identify each of the following components and explain why each is 

either compliance or non-compliant. If non-compliance with any of 

these components exists, find, on three separate inspections, 100 

percent of any non-complying conditions noted by the designated 

instructor or qualified person.

Side door steps (one) under each door with outside edge of tread of 

step not more than 2 inches inside of face of side of car:

 Tread not more than 24 above the top of rail.

 Minimum length of tread, 10 inches.

 Minimum cross-sectional area, 1⁄2 by 1⁄2 inches or equivalent, 

wrought iron or steel.

 Minimum clear depth, 8 inches.

 Steps exceeding 18 inches in depth shall have an additional tread 

and be laterally braced.

 A vertical handhold not less than 24 inches in clear length shall be 

applied above each side-door step on door post.

 Securely fastened with not less than 1⁄2 inch bolts with nuts outside 

(when possible) and riveted over, or with not less than 1⁄2 inch 

rivets.

Task X-X: Demonstrate an 

understanding of the safety 

appliance standards when 

inspecting a passenger car 

without end platforms.

Given an opportunity to read the 

appropriate safety appliance diagrams, 49 

CFR Part 231, specifically § 231.14 these 

OJT standards, and to participate in at 

least five separate inspections of a 

passenger car without end platforms with 

a qualified person or designated 

instructor, the trainee will:

Identify each of the following components and explain why each is 

either compliance or non-compliant. If non-compliance with any of 

these components exists, find, on three separate inspections, 100 

percent of any non-complying conditions noted by the designated 

instructor or qualified person.

 Uncoupling levers (two), one on each end of car so they can be 

operated by a person standing on the ground.

 Minimum length 42 inches, measured from center line of end of 

car to handle of attachment.
Page 23 of 36

Task X: Apply Steam Locomotive Movement for Repair Provisions – Part 230

Performance

Tasks

Conditions

Tools, Equipment, Documents, Practice

Standards

Time, Completeness, or Accuracy

Task X-X: Demonstrate an 

understanding of proper 

movement of an FRA 

defective steam locomotive.

Using 49 CFR Part 230 as a reference, 

specifically §230.12, and to initiate at 

least three different scenarios involving 

non-compliant steam locomotives, the 

trainee will: 

Explain, on two separate occasions with 100 percent accuracy, the 

relevancy on each of the following to the satisfaction of the 

designated instructor or qualified person:

 General limitations 

 Non-complying defects.

 Tagging.

 Written notification.

 Notification to crew.

 Location where repairs are made.

 Defects en route.

 Next forward location.

 Yard movements.
Page 24 of 36

Task X: Apply Steam Locomotive Daily Inspection Requirements – Part 230

Performance

Tasks

Conditions

Tools, Equipment, Documents, Practice

Standards

Time, Completeness, or Accuracy

Task X-X: Apply Federal 

Regulations when inspecting 

a steam locomotive for 

compliance with Part 230.

Given an opportunity to read 49 CFR Part 

230, specifically § 230.13, these OJT 

standards, and to participate in at least 

five separate inspections of a steam 

locomotive cab with a qualified person or 

designated instructor, the trainee will: 

Identify each of the following components and explain why each is 

either compliance or non-compliant. If non-compliance with any of 

these components exists, find, on three separate inspections, at least 

95 percent of any non-complying conditions noted by the designated 

instructor or qualified person.

 Water glasses, columns, and gage cocks function as intended as 

evidenced by testing.

 All boiler feed-water delivery systems function as intended as 

evidenced by testing.

 Steam gauges defective/inoperative.

 Air brake gauges defective/inoperative.

 Air brake valves defective/inoperative.

 Brake pipe leakage does not exceed 5 psi per minute.

 Steam leaks obstructing view of the train crew.

 Locomotive cab controls, e.g., cylinder cocks, sanders, audible 

warning devices function as intended.

 Cab aprons properly maintained, and in suitable condition for 

service.

 Cab lights function as intended.

 Head lights illumination that is inadequate.

 Air compressor functions as intended.

 Throttle lever engages properly.

 Reverser gear lever latch engages properly, including steam and 

air power assist systems if so equipped.
Page 25 of 36

Task X: Apply Steam Locomotive Daily Inspection Requirements – Part 230

Performance

Tasks

Conditions

Tools, Equipment, Documents, Practice

Standards

Time, Completeness, or Accuracy

Task X-X: Apply Federal 

Regulations when inspecting 

a steam locomotive for 

compliance with Part 230.

Given an opportunity to read 49 CFR Part 

230, these OJT standards, and to 

participate in at least five separate 

inspections of a steam locomotive 

exterior with a qualified person or 

designated instructor, the trainee will::

Identify each of the following components and explain why each is 

either compliance or non-compliant. If non-compliance with any of 

these components exists, find, on three separate inspections, at least 

95 percent of any non-complying conditions noted by the designated 

instructor or qualified person.

 Water or steam leaks from under lagging (seams).

 Stay bolts leaking.

 Washout plugs leaks.

 Mudring leaks.

 Feedwater/delivery systems and related piping with excessive 

water and/or steam leaks.

Task X-X: Apply Federal 

Regulations when inspecting 

a steam locomotive for 

compliance with Part 230.

Given an opportunity to read 49 CFR Part 

230, these OJT standards, and to 

participate in at least five separate 

inspections of a steam locomotive driving 

gear with a qualified person or designated 

instructor, the trainee will:

Identify each of the following components and explain why each is 

either compliance or non-compliant. If non-compliance with any of 

these components exists, find, on three separate inspections, 100 

percent of any non-complying conditions noted by the designated 

instructor or qualified person.

 Piston rods cracked or loose.

 Fasteners not properly secured.

 Crossheads and guides do not maintain proper vertical (1/4

inches) and lateral clearance (3/16 inches). 

 Valve gear rods do not function properly.

 Connecting rods defective or unsuitable for service. Side motion 

does not exceed 1⁄4 inches on crack pins. 

 Oil and grease cups secured.

 Crank pins loose/defective.
Page 26 of 36

Task X: Apply Steam Locomotive Daily Inspection Requirements – Part 230

Performance

Tasks

Conditions

Tools, Equipment, Documents, Practice

Standards

Time, Completeness, or Accuracy

Task X-X: Apply Federal 

Regulations when inspecting 

a steam locomotive for 

compliance with Part 230.

Given an opportunity to read 49 CFR Part 

230, tape measure, these OJT standards, 

and to participate in at least five separate 

inspections of a steam locomotive 

foundation brake gear with a qualified 

person or designated instructor, the 

trainee will:

Identify each of the following components and explain why each is 

either compliance or non-compliant. If non-compliance with any of 

these components exists, find, on three separate inspections, at least 

90 percent of any non-complying conditions noted by the designated 

instructor or qualified person.

 Foundation brake gear, including all levers / rods / brake beams / 

hangers / and pins bind or foul.

 Pins improperly secured.

 Brake shoe improperly aligned with tread of wheel.

 Piston travel limits as prescribed in § 230.76.

 Clearance above top of rail less than 2 1⁄2 inches.

Task X-X: Apply Federal 

Regulations when inspecting 

a steam locomotive tender 

for compliance with Part 

230.

Given an opportunity to read § 230.99, a 

briefing by the designated instructor or 

qualified person, the trainee will:

Discuss tender axle loads in relation to minimum allowable diameters

at journal, wheel seat, and centers, to the satisfaction of the designated 

instructor or qualified person.

 
Page 27 of 36

Task X: Apply Steam Locomotive Daily Inspection Requirements – Part 230

Performance

Tasks

Conditions

Tools, Equipment, Documents, Practice

Standards

Time, Completeness, or Accuracy

Task X-X: Apply Federal 

Regulations when inspecting 

a steam locomotive for 

compliance with Part 230.

Given an opportunity to read 49 CFR Part 

230, machinist rule, taper gauge, 

appropriate wheel gauges, these OJT 

standards, and to participate in at least 

five separate inspections of a steam 

locomotive running gear with a qualified 

person or designated instructor, the 

trainee will:

Identify each of the following components and explain why each is 

either compliance or non-compliant. If non-compliance with any of 

these components exists, find, on three separate inspections, at least 

95 percent of any non-complying conditions noted by the designated 

instructor or qualified person.

 Wheel with a crack or break in the flange / tread / rim / plate / hub 

/ or bracket.

 Wheel slid flat or shelled spot 2 1⁄2 inches or more.

 Wheel or tire flange chipped more than 1 1⁄2 inch in length and 1⁄2 

inch in width.

 Wheel or tire having broken rim, 5/8 inch above the tread, less 

than 3 3/4 inches in width.

 Wheel or tire having a seam running lengthwise within 3 3/4 

inches from flange.

 Flange worn 15/16 inch thick or less, measured at 3/8 inch above 

tread.

 Tread worn hollow 5/16 inch or more.

 Flange height less than 1 inch or more than 1 1⁄2 inch measured 

from tread to top of flange.

 Rim less than 1 inch thick.

 Wheel variance greater than 3/32 inch on same axle or same 

driving wheel base.

 Lateral motion between wheel hubs and boxes shall not exceed 

measurements per §230.105. 

 Axle bent.

 Journals that are cut and will not run cool without turning.

 Axles with transverse seams or bent.

 Cut journals that cannot be made to run cool without turning.

 Transverse seams in iron or steel axles.

 Seams in axles causing journals to run hot.
Page 28 of 36

Task X: Apply Steam Locomotive Daily Inspection Requirements – Part 230

Performance

Tasks

Conditions

Tools, Equipment, Documents, Practice

Standards

Time, Completeness, or Accuracy

Task X-X: Apply Federal 

Regulations when inspecting 

a steam locomotive for 

compliance with Part 230.

Given an opportunity to read 49 CFR Part 

230, machinist rule, tape measure, taper 

gauge, appropriate wheel gauges, these 

OJT standards, and to participate in at 

least five separate inspections of a steam 

locomotive wheel centers with a qualified 

person or designated instructor, the 

trainee will:

Identify each of the following components and explain why each is 

either compliance or non-compliant. If non-compliance with any of 

these components exists, find, on three separate inspections, at least 

95 percent of any non-complying conditions noted by the designated 

instructor or qualified person.

 Filling blocks or shims missing, or improperly applied.

 Wheels centers loose on axle.

 Broken or defective tire fastenings.

 Broken or cracked hubs, plates, bolts or spokes.

 Driving or trailing wheel center with three adjacent spokes or 25 

percent or more of the spokes in the wheel broken.

Task X-X: Apply Federal 

Regulations when inspecting 

a steam locomotive for 

compliance with Part 230.

Given an opportunity to read 49 CFR Part 

230, these OJT standards, and to 

participate in at least five separate 

inspections of a steam locomotive spring 

rigging with a qualified person or 

designated instructor, the trainee will:

Identify each of the following components and explain why each is 

either compliance or non-compliant. If non-compliance with any of 

these components exists, find, on three separate inspections, at least 

95 percent of any non-complying conditions noted by the designated 

instructor or qualified person.

 Top leaf broken or two leaves in top half or any three leaves in 

spring broken. 

 Any spring with leaves excessively shifting in the band. 

 Broken coil springs.

 Broken driving box saddle, equalizer, hanger, bolt, or pin. 

Task X-X: Apply Federal 

Regulations when inspecting 

a steam locomotive for 

Given an opportunity to read 49 CFR Part 

230, machinist rule, tape measure, taper 

gauge, appropriate wheel gauges, these 

Identify each of the following components and explain why each is 

either compliance or non-compliant. If non-compliance with any of 

these components exists, find, on three separate inspections, at least 
Page 29 of 36

Task X: Apply Steam Locomotive Daily Inspection Requirements – Part 230

Performance

Tasks

Conditions

Tools, Equipment, Documents, Practice

Standards

Time, Completeness, or Accuracy

compliance with Part 230. OJT standards, and to participate in at 

least five separate inspections of a steam 

locomotive tires with a qualified person 

or designated instructor, the trainee will:

95 percent of any non-complying conditions noted by the designated 

instructor or qualified person.

 Wheel diameter variance on same axle exceeds 3/32 inches.

 Back to back flange variance on same axle exceeds 1⁄4 inch.

 Tire thickness shall correspond to minimum thickness depending 

on weight per axle as defined in table §230.112(d). 

 Tire width less than 5 1⁄2 inches (standard gage track) and less than 

5 inches on narrow gage.

 Plain tires width less and 6 inches on standard gage and 5 1⁄2 

inches on narrow gage. 

Task X-X: Apply Federal 

Regulations when inspecting 

a steam locomotive for 

compliance with Part 230.

Given an opportunity to read 49 CFR Part 

230, these OJT standards, and to 

participate in at least five separate 

inspections of a steam locomotive tender 

trucks, with a qualified person or 

designated instructor, the trainee will:

Identify each of the following components and explain why each is 

either compliance or non-compliant. If non-compliance with any of 

these components exists, find, on three separate inspections, at least 

95 percent of any non-complying conditions noted by the designated 

instructor or qualified person.

 An elliptical spring with its top (long) leaf or any other five leaves 

in the entire spring pack broken.

 Broken coil spring or saddle.

 Coil spring fully compressed.

 Broken or cracked equalizer, hanger, bolt, gib or pin.

 Broken coil spring saddle.

 Semi-elliptical spring with a top (long) leaf broken or two leaves 

in the top half broken, or any three leaves in the entire spring 

broken.

 Side bearing in contact not by design.
Page 30 of 36

Task X: Apply Steam Locomotive Daily Inspection Requirements – Part 230

Performance

Tasks

Conditions

Tools, Equipment, Documents, Practice

Standards

Time, Completeness, or Accuracy

Task X-X: Apply Federal 

Regulations when inspecting 

a steam locomotive for 

compliance with Part 230.

Given an opportunity to read 49 CFR Part 

230, these OJT standards, and to 

participate in at least five separate

inspections of a steam locomotive tender 

axles and journals, with a qualified person 

or designated instructor, the trainee will:

Identify each of the following components and explain why each is 

either compliance or non-compliant. If non-compliance with any of 

these components exists, find, on three separate inspections, at least 

95 percent of any non-complying conditions noted by the designated 

instructor or qualified person.

Tender axle:

 Bent. 

 Collars broken, cracked, or worn less than 1⁄4 or less in thickness.

 Accident damage.

 Fillet in the back shoulder that is worn out.

 A gouge between the wheel seats more than 1/8 inch in depth.

Tender journal:

 Cuts or seams causing overheating.

 Transverse seams.

 A circumferential score.

 Corrugation.

 Pitting.

 Rust.

 Etching.
Page 31 of 36

Task X: Apply Steam Locomotive Daily Inspection Requirements – Part 230

Performance

Tasks

Conditions

Tools, Equipment, Documents, Practice

Standards

Time, Completeness, or Accuracy

Task X-X: Apply Federal 

Regulations when inspecting 

a steam locomotive for 

compliance with Part 230.

Given an opportunity to read 49 CFR Part 

230, these OJT standards, and to 

participate in at least five separate 

inspections of a steam locomotive and 

tender plain bearing journal boxes, with a 

qualified person or designated instructor, 

the trainee will:

Identify each of the following components and explain why each is 

either compliance or non-compliant. If non-compliance with any of 

these components exists, find, on three separate inspections, at least 

95 percent of any non-complying conditions noted by the designated 

instructor or qualified person.

Tender plain bearing box: 

 Does not contain visible free oil.

 Lid that is missing, broken, or stuck open.

 Contains foreign matter that could damage bearing.

Lubricating pad:

 Missing.

 Not in contact with the journal.

 Torn 50 percent or more. 

 Scorched, burned, or glazed.

 Decayed or deteriorated that impairs proper lubrication.

Plain bearing:

 Missing, cracked, or broken.

 Liner loose, or broken out piece. 

 Evidence of being overheated. 

Plain bearing wedge:

 Missing, cracked or broken. 

 Not located in its design position.
Page 32 of 36

Task X: Apply Steam Locomotive Daily Inspection Requirements – Part 230

Performance

Tasks

Conditions

Tools, Equipment, Documents, Practice

Standards

Time, Completeness, or Accuracy

Task X-X: Apply Federal 

Regulations when inspecting 

a steam locomotive for 

compliance with Part 230.

Given an opportunity to read 49 CFR Part 

230, these OJT standards, and to 

participate in at least five separate 

inspections of a steam locomotive tender 

frame and body, with a qualified person 

or designated instructor, the trainee will:

Identify each of the following components and explain why each is 

either compliance or non-compliant. If non-compliance with any of 

these components exists, find, on three separate inspections, at least 

95 percent of any non-complying conditions noted by the designated 

instructor or qualified person.

Tender:

 Height variance between deck and cab deck does not exceed 1⁄2 

inch.

 Minimum gangway width between tender and locomotive 

measured on tangent track 16 inches.

 Less than 2 1⁄2 from the top of rail.

 Center sill broken, cracked more than 6 inches, or permanently 

bent or buckled more than 2 1⁄2 inches in any six foot length.

 Coupler carrier that is broken or missing.

 Center plate, any portion missing or broken or not properly 

secured.

 Side sill, crossbearer, or body bolster broken. 

Task X-X: Apply Federal 

Regulations when inspecting 

a steam locomotive for 

compliance with Part 230.

Given an opportunity to read 49 CFR Part 

230, these OJT standards, and to 

participate in at least five separate 

inspections of a steam locomotive draft 

system with a qualified person or 

designated instructor, the trainee will:

Identify each of the following components and explain why each is 

either compliance or non-compliant. If non-compliance with any of 

these components exists, find, on three separate inspections, at least 

95 percent of any non-complying conditions noted by the designated 

instructor or qualified person.

 Safety bar(s) or safety chains properly secured with proper length. 

 Draft gear and associated attachments function as intended and 

securely fastened.

 Lost motion between steam locomotive and tender does not 

exceed 1⁄2 inch.

 Springs buffers if used under sufficient compression keep chafing 

faces in contact. 

 Chafing irons properly secured and provide the required vertical 

and lateral movement. 
Page 33 of 36

Task X: Apply 31 Service Day Inspection Items - Part 230

Performance

Tasks

Conditions

Tools, Equipment, Documents, 

Practice

Standards

Time, Completeness, or Accuracy

Task X-X: Demonstrate an 

understanding of steam 

locomotive 31 Service Day 

inspection items.

Given an opportunity to read 49 CFR Part 

230, specifically § 230.14, these OJT 

standards, and to participate in at least 

three separate 31 Service Day inspections 

of a steam locomotive with a qualified 

person or designated instructor, the 

trainee will:

Perform each of the following on two separate occasions with 100 

percent accuracy to the satisfaction of the designated instructor or 

qualified person.

 Wash boiler. 

 Clean water glasses and gauge cocks.

 Clean arch tube, thermic siphons, and circulators (when 

equipped).

 Service/inspect all boiler washout plugs.

 Service/inspect/test staybolts.

 Service/inspect/remove fusible plugs (when equipped).

 Complete Form 1. 

Task X: Apply 92 Service Day Inspection Items - Part 230

Performance

Tasks

Conditions

Tools, Equipment, Documents, 

Practice

Standards

Time, Completeness, or Accuracy

Task X-X: Demonstrate an 

understanding of steam 

locomotive 92 Service Day 

inspection items.

Given an opportunity to read 49 CFR Part 

230, specifically § 230.15, these OJT 

standards, and to participate in at least 

three separate 92 Service Day inspections 

of a steam locomotive with a qualified 

person or designated instructor, the 

trainee will:

Perform each of the following on two separate occasions with 100 

percent accuracy to the satisfaction of the designated instructor or 

qualified person.

 Remove and test all air and steam gauges, (see § 230.45 for steam 

gauge test procedures).

 Clean steam gauge siphon pipe.

 Renew all tubular water glasses.

 Test and adjust all safety relief valves.

 Orifice test air compressor, )see § 230.71 for test procedures and 

operational efficiency)

 Test/repair main reservoirs for excessive leakage, (see § 230.78(a) 

for test procures).
Page 34 of 36

Task X: Apply 92 Service Day Inspection Items - Part 230

Performance

Tasks

Conditions

Tools, Equipment, Documents, 

Practice

Standards

Time, Completeness, or Accuracy

 Test/repair all brake cylinders for excessive leakage, (see § 

230.78(b) for test procedures). 

 Enter and inspect tender tank interior for defects.

 Complete Form 1.

Task X: Apply Annual Inspection Items - Part 230

Performance

Tasks

Conditions

Tools, Equipment, Documents, 

Practice

Standards

Time, Completeness, or Accuracy

Task X-X: Demonstrate an 

understanding of steam 

locomotive Annual 

inspection items.

Given an opportunity to read 49 CFR Part 

230, specifically § 230.16, these OJT 

standards, and to participate in at least 

three separate Annual inspections of a 

steam locomotive with a qualified person 

or designated instructor, the trainee will:

Perform each of the following on two separate occasions with 100 

percent accuracy to the satisfaction of the designated instructor or 

qualified person.

 Remove arch brick and test thickness of arch and water bar tubes.

 Perform a hydrostatic test of the boiler at 25 percent of MWAP

with metal temperature between 70 and 120 degrees Fahrenheit.

 Service/inspect/test staybolts.

 Test thickness of dry pipes.

 Enter and inspect the smokebox for defects.

 Enter and inspect the boiler interior for defects.

 Perform hammer or UT test and hydrostatic test at MAWP on 

main reservoirs (non-welded and drilled). 

 Remove and inspect drawbars and pins via NDE 

 Inspect longitudinal lap joint boiler seams.

 Remove and inspect all staybolt cap and sleeves for defects (every 

5 years). 

 Complete Form 3.

Note: Trainee will explain to the satisfaction of the designated 

instructor or qualified person, all qualifying events that trigger a 
Page 35 of 36

Task X: Apply Annual Inspection Items - Part 230

Performance

Tasks

Conditions

Tools, Equipment, Documents, 

Practice

Standards

Time, Completeness, or Accuracy

hydrostatic test of the boiler.
Page 36 of 36

Task X: Apply 1472 Service Day Inspection Items - Part 230

Performance

Tasks

Conditions

Tools, Equipment, Documents, 

Practice

Standards

Time, Completeness, or Accuracy

Task X-X: Demonstrate an 

understanding of steam 

locomotive 1472 Service 

Day inspection items.

Given an opportunity to read 49 CFR Part 

230, specifically § 230.17, these OJT 

standards, and to participate in at least 

three separate 1472 Service Day 

inspections of a steam locomotive with a 

qualified person or designated instructor, 

the trainee will:

Perform each of the following on two separate occasions with 100 

percent accuracy to the satisfaction of the designated instructor or 

qualified person.

 Remove boiler flues, clean and inspect boiler interior for defects.

 Remove jacket and lagging and inspect boiler exterior for defects.

 Inspect and clean locomotive frame. 

 Perform a hydrostatic test of the boiler at 25 percent of MWAP 

with metal temperature between 70 and 120 degrees Fahrenheit.

 Conduct boiler survey and verify thickness of boiler proper.*

 Update Specification Card Form 4.*

*These steps only required for safety-related railroad employees 

responsible for calculation, completion, and execution of 

Specification Card Form 4.