Safety Glazing StandardsPart 223

Subpart A General 

Subpart B - Specific Requirements

Module 12

Module 12

*

Module Objectives
        - Apply FRA Safety Standards.
        - Recognize deviations from the standards

Module 12

Module 12

*

Subpart A & B Overview

	Subpart A:
        - 223.1 - Scope 
        - 223.3 - Application 
        - 223.5 - Definitions 
        - 223.7 - Responsibility

	Subpart B:
        - 223.08 - Additional requirements for passenger equipment 
        - 223.09 - Requirements for new or rebuilt equipment 
        - 223.11 - Requirements for existing locomotives 
        - 223.13 - Requirements for existing cabooses 
        - 223.15 - Requirements for existing passenger cars 
        - 223.17 - Identification of equipped locomotives, passenger cars and cabooses 

Module 12

Module 12

*

Applicability

	The glazing regulations apply to freight and passenger railroads that operate rolling equipment on standard gauge track that is a part of the general railroad system of transportation. 

Module 12

Module 12

*

Exemptions

	The regulations do not apply to the following:
        - Locomotives, cabooses, and passenger cars that operate only on track inside an installation that is not part of the general railroad system of transportation, (e.g., some tourist and excursion operations). 
        - Rapid transit operations in an urban area that are not connected with the general railroad system of transportation, (e.g., Dart, Metro, etc.) 
        - Locomotives, passenger cars and cabooses that are historical or antiquated equipment and are used only for excursion, educational, recreational purposes or private transportation purposes. 
        - Locomotives that are used exclusively in designated service as defined in §223.5(m). 

Module 12

Module 12

*

Definitions

	 There are several definitions listed in this rule, we will discuss only those definitions that may impact your understanding of what we’ll be attempting to impart to you this week. 

Module 12

Module 12

*

Certified Glazing 

	Means a glazing material that has been certified by the manufacturer as having met the testing requirements set forth in Appendix A of Part 223, and has been installed in such a manner that it will perform its intended function.

Module 12

*

223 Definitions

Module 12

*

Designated Service

	Designated service means exclusive operation of a locomotive under all of the following conditions:
        - The locomotive is not used as an independent unit or the controlling unit is a consist of locomotives except when moving for the purpose of servicing or repair within a single yard area.
        - The locomotive is not occupied by operating or deadhead crews outside a single yard area. 
        - The locomotive is stenciled "Designated Service - DO NOT OCCUPY".

Module 12

Module 12

*

Emergency Window

	Means that segment of a side facing glazing location which has been designed to permit rapid and easy removal during a crisis situation.

Module 12

Module 12

*

End Facing Glazing Location

	Means any location where a line perpendicular to the plane of the glazing material makes a horizontal angle of 50 degrees or less with the centerline of the locomotive, caboose or passenger car. Any location which, due to curvature of the glazing material, can meet the criteria for either a front facing location or a side facing location shall be considered a front facing location.

Module 12

Module 12

*

Side Facing Glazing Location

	Means any location where a line perpendicular to the plane of the glazing material makes an angle of more than 50 degrees with the centerline of the locomotive, caboose or passenger car.

Module 12

Module 12

*

Passenger Car

	Means a unit of rail rolling equipment intended to provide transportation for members of the general public and includes self-propelled cars designed to carry baggage, mail, express or passengers. This term includes a passenger coach, cab car, and an MU locomotive. This term does not include a private car.

Module 12

Module 12

*

Windshield

	Means the combination of individual units of glazing material of the locomotive, passenger car, or caboose that are positioned in an end facing glazing location.

Module 12

Module 12

*

Yard Locomotive

	Means a locomotive that is operated only to perform switching functions within a single yard area.

Module 12

Module 12

*

Historical Equipment

	Means locomotives, passenger coaches or cabooses which have historical significance, (e.g., the Ferdinand Magellan, USA-1, passenger car used by FDR.

Module 12

*

Compliance Manual Definitions

Module 12

*

Antiquated Equipment

	Means passenger cars built prior to the end of WWII (1945 or earlier).

Module 12

Module 12

*

Excursion

	Means an operation which transports passengers to one or more points of interest and returns them to the original point of departure.

Module 12

Module 12

*

Glazing CertificationWhat is it?
        - Essentially a series of impact tests performed under specific test parameters.
        - Impact tests consists two separate test categories, ballistic (22 caliber long rifle 40 grains), and large object (cinder block 8”x 8”x16”).
        - Type I and Type II glazing material must both pass a test regimen in order to be considered “Certified Glazing” under Part 223. 
        - Type I glazing material is subject to a more severe impact test regimen (large object test only).
        - Manufacturer is responsible for meeting all test parameters and documenting such tests.
        - Manufacturer must provide test verification documents to railroads or FRA upon request. 

Module 12

*

Appendix A to Part 223-Certification of Glazing Materials 

As provided in this part, certified glazing materials installed in locomotives, passenger cars, or cabooses must be certified by the glazing manufacturer in accordance with the following procedures: 

a. General Requirements 

(1) Each manufacturer that provides glazing materials, intended by the manufacturer for use in achieving compliance with the requirements of this part, shall certify that each type of glazing material being supplied for this purpose has been successfully tested in accordance with this appendix and that test verification data is available to a railroad or to FRA upon request. 

(2) The test verification data shall contain all pertinent original data logs and documentation that the selection of material samples, test set-ups, test measuring devices, and test procedures were performed by qualified personnel using recognized and acceptable practices and in accordance with this appendix. 

b. Testing Requirements 

(1) The material to be tested (Target Material) shall be a full scale sample of the largest dimension intended to be produced and installed. 

(2) The Target Material shall be representative of production material and shall be selected on a documented random choice basis. 

(3) The Target Material shall be securely and rigidly attached in a fixture so that the fixture's own characteristics will not induce test errors. 

(4) The Target Material so selected and attached shall constitute a Test Specimen. 

(5) The Test Specimen will then be equipped with a Witness Plate that shall be mounted parallel to and at a distance of six inches in back of the Target Material. The Witness Plate shall have at least an area which will cover the full map of the Target Material. 

(6) The Witness Plate shall be an unbacked sheet of maximum 0.006 inch, alloy 1100 temper O, aluminum stretched within the perimeter of a suitable frame to provide a taut surface. 

(7) The Test Specimen will be positioned so that the defined projectile impacts it at an angle of 90 degrees to the Test Specimen surface. 

(8) The point of impact of the defined projectile will be within a radius of 3 ́ ́ of the centroid of the Target Material. 

(9) Velocity screens or other suitable velocity measuring devices will be positioned so as to measure the impact velocity of the defined projectile within a 10% accuracy tolerance, with test modifications made to guarantee that the stipulated minimum velocity requirements are met. 

(10) The Test Specimen for glazing material that is intended for use in end facing glazing locations shall be subjected to a Type I test regimen consisting of the following tests: 

(i) Ballistic Impact in which a standard 22 caliber long rifle lead bullet of 40 grains in weight impacts at a minimum of 960 feet per second velocity. 

(ii) Large Object Impact in which a cinder block of 24 lbs minimum weight with dimensions of 8 inches by 8 inches by 16 inches nominally impacts at the corner of the block at a minimum of 44 feet per second velocity. The cinder block must be of composition referenced in American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) Specification C33L or ASTM C90. 

(11) The Test Specimen for glazing material that is intended for use only in side facing glazing locations shall be subjected to a Type II test regimen consisting of the following tests: 

(i) Ballistic Impact in which a standard 22 caliber long rifle lead bullet of 40 grains in weight impacts at a minimum of 960 feet per second velocity. 

(ii) Large Object Impact in which a cinder block of 24 lbs minimum weight with dimensions of 8 inches by 8 inches by 16 inches nominally impacts at the corner of the block at a minimum of 12 feet per second velocity. The cinder block must be of the composition referenced in ASTM C33L or ASTM C90. 

(12) Three different test specimens must be subjected to the ballistic impact portion of these tests. 

(13) Two different test specimens must be subjected to the large object impact portion of these tests. 

(14) A material so tested must perform so that: 

(i) there shall be no penetration of the back surfaces (side closest to Witness Plate) of the Target Material by the projectile. Partial penetration of the impact (front) surface of the Target Material does not constitute a failure; and 

(ii) there shall be no penetration of particles from the back side of the Target Material through the back side of the prescribed Witness Plate. 

(15) Test specimens must consecutively pass the required number of tests at the required minimum velocities. Individual tests resulting in failures at greater than the required minimum velocities may be repeated but a failure of an individual test at less than the minimum velocity shall result in termination of the total test and failure of the material. 

(16) After successful completion of the prescribed set of required consecutive tests, a manufacturer may certify in writing that a particular glazing material meets the requirements of these standards. 

c. Material Identification 

(1) Each individual unit of glazing material shall be permanently marked, prior to installation, to indicate that this type of material has been successfully tested as set forth in this appendix and that marking shall be done in such a manner that it is clearly visible after the material has been installed. 

(2) Each individual unit of a glazing material that has successfully passed the Type I testing regimen shall be marked to indicate: 

(i) "FRA Type I'' material; 

(ii) the manufacturer of the material; 

(iii) the type or brand identification of the material. 

(3) Each individual unit of a glazing material that has successfully passed the Type II testing regimen shall be marked to indicate: 

(i) "FRA Type II'' material; 

(ii) the manufacturer of the material; 

(iii) the type or brand identification of the material. 

Module 12

*

Compliance DateNew or Rebuilt Equipment

	Essentially every locomotive (including yard locomotives), cabooses and passenger equipment, built or rebuilt after June 30, 1980, must be equipped with certified glazing in all window locations.

Module 12

Module 12

*

Requirements for Existing LocomotivesBuilt prior to June 30, 1980
        - Excluding yard locomotives, forward and rearward end facing locations equipped with Type I glazing material that meets either portion of impact test regimen will not require the installation of Certified Glazing, except when glazing material is broken or damaged.
        - Excluding yard locomotives, side facing locations equipped with Type II glazing material that meets either portion of impact test regimen will not require the installation of Certified Glazing, except when glazing material is broken or damaged.

Module 12

Module 12

*

Compliance Date Existing Locomotives

	Except for yard locomotives and locomotives equipped as described in the previous slide, locomotives built or rebuilt prior to July 1, 1980, shall be equipped with Certified Glazing in all locomotive cab windows after June 30, 1984.

Module 12

Module 12

*

Vandalism & Damaged GlazingLocomotives

	Locomotives with damaged glazing material in the cab due to an act of vandalism (e.g., glazing material is broken or damaged so that the window fails to permit good visibility) shall:
        - Be placed in Designated Service within 48 hours of the time of breakage or damage, or
        - Be removed from service until equipped with certified glazing as described in the following slide.

Module 12

Module 12

*

Glazing Replacement Due to VandalismLocomotives 
        - If the broken or damaged window is a part of the windshield of the locomotive cab, all of the forward and rearward end facing glazing locations of the locomotive cab must be replaced with certified glazing. 
        - If the broken or damaged window is a part of the side facing window of the locomotive cab, all of the side facing glazing locations of the locomotive cab must be replaced with certified glazing.

Module 12

Module 12

*

Requirements for Existing Cabooses Built prior to June 30, 1980 
        - Excluding yard cabooses, forward and rearward end facing locations equipped with Type I glazing material that meets either portion of impact test regimen will not require the installation of Certified Glazing, except when glazing material is broken or damaged.
        - Excluding yard cabooses, side facing locations equipped with Type II glazing material that meets either portion of impact test regimen will not require the installation of Certified Glazing, except when glazing material is broken or damaged.

Module 12

Module 12

*

Compliance Date Existing Cabooses

	Except for yard cabooses and cabooses equipped as described in the previous slide, cabooses built or rebuilt prior to July 1, 1980, shall be equipped with Certified Glazing in all windows after June 30, 1984.

Module 12

Module 12

*

Vandalism & Damaged GlazingCabooses

	Cabooses with damaged glazing due to an act of vandalism, (e.g., glazing material is broken or damaged so that the window fails to permit good visibility) shall be repaired as follows:
        - If the broken window is a part of the windshield, all of the forward and rearward end facing glazing locations must be replaced with Certified Glazing within 30 days of the date of breakage or damage. 
        - If the broken window is a part of the side facing window, all of the side facing glazing locations must be replaced with Certified Glazing within 30 days of the date of breakage.

Module 12

Module 12

*

Requirements for Existing Passenger Cars Built prior to June 30, 1980
        -  Passenger cars with forward and rearward end facing locations equipped with Type I glazing material that meets either portion of impact test regimen will not require the installation of Certified Glazing, except when glazing material is broken or damaged.
        - Passenger cars with side facing locations equipped with Type II glazing material that meets either portion of impact test regimen will not require the installation of Certified Glazing, except when glazing material is broken or damaged

Module 12

Module 12

*

Compliance Date Existing Passenger Cars

	Except for passenger cars equipped as described in the previous slide, passenger cars built or rebuilt prior to July 1, 1980, shall be equipped with Certified Glazing in all windows, and a minimum of four emergency windows after June 30, 1984.

Module 12

Module 12

*

Vandalism & Damaged GlazingPassenger Cars

	Passenger cars with damaged glazing material due to an act of vandalism, (e.g., glazing material is broken or damaged so that the window fails to permit good visibility) shall be repaired as follows:
        - If the broken window is a part of the windshield, all of the forward and rearward end facing glazing locations must be replaced with Certified Glazing within 30 days of the date of breakage. 
        - If the broken window is a part of the side facing window, all of the side facing glazing locations must be replaced with Certified Glazing within 30 days of the date of breakage.

Module 12

Module 12

*

Additional Requirements Passenger Equipment
        - Must be equipped with at least four emergency opening windows.
        - Each emergency window shall be  conspicuously and legibly marked with luminescent material on the inside of each car to facilitate passenger egress and have clear,  legible operating instructions at or near each such exit.
        - Each window intended for emergency access by emergency responders for extrication of passengers, shall be marked with a retro reflective, unique, and easily recognizable symbol or other clear marking, with clear, understandable window-access instructions either at each such window or at each end of the car.
        - Under Part 238, exterior windows must remain in place when subjected to air pressure differences caused by two trains passing each other in opposite directions at maximum authorized speed.

	Note: The requirements on this slide do not apply to express cars and cars transporting mail or baggage).

Module 12

Module 12

*

Stenciling of Equipment

	Each locomotive, passenger car and caboose that is fully equipped with glazing materials that meet the requirements of Part 223shall be stenciled on an interior wall as follows: "Fully Equipped FRA Part 223 glazing'' or similar words conveying that meaning in letters at least 3/8 inch high.

Module 12

Module 12

*

Marking of Glazing Material

	Each individual piece of Certified Glazing material installed on a locomotive, passenger or caboose shall be permanently marked and contain the following information:
        - “FRA Type I” or “FRA Type II”,(depending on location).
        - Manufacturer of the material.
        - Type or brand identification of material. 	

	Note: In most cases, Certified Glazing must be installed so that the markings referred to above can be read from the inside.  Markings present on the outside generally indicate an improper installation.  

Module 12

Module 12

*

End of Module

Module 12