## Petition CP 12-3

233 SOUTH WACKER DRIVE 

# ••SCHIFFHARDINup SUITE 6600 CHICAGO, IWNOlS 60606 t 312.258.5500 William M. Hannay 312-258-5617 f312.258. 5600 whannay@schiffhardin.com www.schiffhardin.com "-" CD ,.)j 

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### Mary F. Toro 

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### DirectorofRegulatory Enforcement ConsumerProduct SafetyCommission 4330East West Highway Bethesda,MD20814
Re: PetitionofSafety GlazingCertificationCouncilto InitiateRulemaking
DearMsToro: Followingup on ourconference call lastmonth, Iamenclosing(inpdfformat) acopy ofthe Petitionofthe Safety Glazing Certification Councilto Initiate RulemakingtoAmend 16 C.F.R. Part 1201, Safety Standardfor Architectural GlazingMaterials, and three accompanyingexhibits.
You had suggested that we submit this petition to you and that you would forward it to the Secretaryofthe Commissionfor docketing.
We appreciate your courtesy in this matter and look forward to working with the Staff in connectionwithourpetition. Pleaseletme knowifyouhave any questions noworinthe future.

# ;m~ WilliamM. Hannay

cc: ThomasHenehan

CHICAGO I WASHINGTON I NEWYORK I LAKE FOREST I ATLANTA I SAN FRANCISCO I BOSTON I ANN ARBOR I CHARLOTTE

## Petition CP 12-3

BEFORETHE U.S. CONSUMERPRODUCTSAFETY COMMISSION

PETITIONREQUESTINGTHECOMMISSIONTOINITIATEARULEMAKINGTO AMEND 16 C.F.R. PART 1201, SAFETY STANDARD FOR ARCHITECTURALGLAZINGMATERIALS

PETITIONOF SAFETYGLAZINGCERTIFICATIONCOUNCIL

William M. Hannay Counsel for SafetyGlazingCertificationCouncil SchiffHardin LLP 233 S. Wacker Drive, Suite 6600 Chicago IL 60606 (312) 258-5617

June26,2012

### BEFORETHE U.S. CONSUMERPRODUCTSAFETYCOMMISSION

PETITIONREQUESTINGTHECOMMISSIONTOINITIATEA RULEMAKINGTO AMEND 16 C.F.R. PART 1201,SAFETY STANDARDFOR ARCHITECTURALGLAZINGMATERIALS

PETITIONOF SAFETYGLAZINGCERTIFICATIONCOUNCIL

INTRODUCTION
Pursuantto Sections7 and 9 oftheConsumer Product Safety Act, 15 U.S.C.
Sections 2056 and 2058, and the u.S.ConsumerProduct SafetyCommission ("Commission") regulations issued thereunderat 16 C.F.R. Part 1201, the SafetyGlazing CertificationCouncil
files this petition requesting the Commissionto initiate a rulemaking to amend 16 C.F.R. Part 1201, Safety Standard for Architectural GlazingMaterials, byreplacingthe test proceduresnow contained in 16 C.F.R. 

### § 1201.4 with the methods oftest for safety glazing materials set forth in
ANSIZ97.1 (most currentversion).

• The proposed amendmentis illustrated in a markup of16 C.F.R. Part 1201, attached
hereto as Exhibit

### A.

• Acopyofthe most currentversionofANSI Z97.1 is attached heretoas Exhibit

## B.1

• A comparison ofthetwotest methods is attached hereto as ExhibitC.

I 

### The most current version ofANSI Z97.1 is designated "2009€2", meaning that it was approved pursuant to ANSI procedures in 2009 and was shortly thereafter amended to correct minorerrata (,,€2,,) 

### after publication. The attached copy is licensed to CPSC for the purposes of this petition.

-1­

### In supportofthis request, SGCC®submitsthe following information: 

## INTEREST OFTHE PETITIONER
The Safety Glazing CertificationCouncil ("SGCC®") is a non-profitcorporationthat provides for the certification ofsafetyglaz.ing materialstovarious safety standards, including 16
CFRPart 1201 andANSI Z97.1. Established in 1971, SGCC®hasthe following purposes: (a) To promotepublic safetybyencouragingmaintenance ofthe highest standardsof
excellence in the manufactureofsafetyglazingmaterials. (b) To encourageand cooperateindeveloping standardsrelated tootherperformance
characteristics ofglazingproducts. (c) To plan, organize, direct, coordinateandmaintain a certification program for glazingmaterialsto assurethat glazingproductsmeet applicable standardsor performancerequirements adoptedorapproved bythe Council.
Theorganization is managedbya boardofdirectors comprised equallyofrepresentatives
from the public interest sectorand from the safety glazing industry. Formorethan thirty years, SGCC® has maintaineda certificationprogramunderwhich manufacturersofsafetyglazing products voluntarily submittheirproducts fortestingto an SGCC-approved independenttesting laboratory. Thetestingproceduresused in SGCC®'sprogram arethose established in ANSI
Z97.l andCPSC 16 C.F.R. Part 1201. Participantsinthe SGCC®program undergo facility auditingand independenttest sampleselection andtestingevery6 months. SGCC®currently
has over 

### ISO licensed manufacturerswith approximately 250 manufacturing orfabricating
facilities in the United States and over 15 foreign countries. Managementand control ofSGCC®is vestedin a board ofdirectors, halfrepresenting industry and halfrepresentingthe public interest.TopreventindustrydominanceofSGCC®

-2­

### actions, halfthe votingpowerofthe board resides in thepublic interest directors regardlessof
the numberofdirectors present at a meeting. Forfurther information, seehttp://sgcc.org.
SGCC®licensees that manufactureorfabricate safety glazingmaterialsmustcertifythat
the labeled material complieswith theapplicable specification (eitherorboth 16 CFRPart 1201

orANSI Z97.1). Compliance ofacertifiedproductwith the applicable specification(s) is
checkedperiodicallyby approved independenttesting laboratories underthe supervision ofa qualifiedAdministrator, retained by and responsibleto SGCC®, who is unaffiliatedwith any licenseeofsafety glazingmaterials. 

### PROPOSEDAMENDMENTTOPART 1201
Based on over30years experience in the administration ofthe certification ofsafety glazingmaterials underbothANSIZ97.1 and CPSC's 16 CFRPart 1201, SOCOi> represents

### to
the Commissionthatconsumersandtheglazing industrywould be far betterservedbyreplacing
Part 1201'soldertestprocedureswithANSIZ97.

### t'smoreefficientand more modern procedures. Bytestingundera singletestprocedure for both standards, consumerswould be
assured ofmoreuniform andup-to-datemethods oftestingtoconfirmthe safetycharacteristics
ofglazingproducts, the industrywill avoidtheburden and confusion from havingtoconduct duplicativetesting, andthetest laboratorycommunitywill havethe clarityofa single methodology and avoid the necessityofhavingto maintain separatetypesoftestingequipment.
16CFR Part 120t 

### serves two functions: (l)

### it serves as a specificationfor glazing
materials in doors (andotherlocations)asdescribed in 

### § 1201.1 and (2) it sets forth atest methodology in 

### § 1201.4toestablishthat glazingproductsmeetthat specification. SOCC®does

notproposeany changeto the scopeand exemptionscontained in 

### § 120

## t.1 ;wedo, however,
recommendreplacingthetest methodologycontained in 

### § 1201.4.

-3­

### SGCC®recommendsthat

-- in lieu ofthe test methodology described in 

### § 1201.4-­
ANSI Z97.1 (mostcurrent version)be substituted asthe test method. Specifically, SGCC®
proposesthatall ofthetext of

### §1201.4 (andtheaccompanyingFigs. 1-5) bedeleted and that in
theirplace be substitutedthe following: 

## § 

## 1201.4 Testprocedures Testing shall 

### be in accordance with thetest provisions ofANSI
Z97.1 (mostcurrentversion), "AmericanNational Standard for Safety Glazing Materials Used in Buildings

- SafetyPerformance SpecificationsandMethodsofTest."2


### Acopyof 16 C.F.R. Part 1201

-- markedto showthe proposed deletion and addition

-- is
attached heretoas ExhibitA. Acopyofthe mostcurrentversion ofANSIZ97.1 (licensedto
CPSC for the purposesofthispetition) is attached hereto asExhibit B. 

## See ANSIZ97.1,
Sections4 ("Specimensto Be Tested") and 5 ("Test Specifications"). 

### HISTORYAND PROCEDURES OFANSIZ97.1
ANSI Z97.1 (Standard

- Safety Glazing Materials Used in Buildings

- Safety
Performance Specificationsand MethodsofTest) was first developed underthe auspicesofthe
AmericanNational Standards Institute inthe 1960s. SuccessiveAccredited Standards
Committees(ASCs) have beenformed overthe interveningyears to review, develop and
maintainZ97.1 to establishthe specificationsand methods oftest for the safetypropertiesof "safety glazing materials" (glazing materialsdesignedto promote safety and toreduce or minimizethe likelihood ofcuttingand piercing injurieswhen the glazingmaterials are broken by

2 

### Copies ofANSI StandardZ97.1 (mostcurrent version) are available from the American National Standards Institute, 25 W. 43rd Street, 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, or online at http://webstore.ansi.org/FindSlandards.aspx?SearchString=Z97.

### I&SearchOption=O&PageNum= O&SearchTermsArray=null%7cZ97.1%7cnull.

-4­

### human contact)asused for all building and architectural purposes. TheASC maintainsa public
website at http://www.l.msiz97.com.
Thecurrentversion ofthe ANSI standard (2009€2)is a successor standardto the 2004€
edition and is the product ofseveral yearsofmeetings, votes, and ongoingworkbythe
Accredited StandardsCommitteeand its members. The 2004€standard succeededthose ofthe
1984 (reaffirmed in 1994), 1975, 1972 and 1966editions. Thecurrentstandard, like its predecessors, wasdeveloped underproceduresaccredited by ANSI as meetingthe criteriafor
AmericanNational Standards. Theconsensuscommitteethatapproved the Standard was balanced to ensurethat individuals from competentand concerned interests have had an opportunityto participate. Approvalofan AmericanNational Standard requires verification by
ANSIthattherequirements for due process, consensus, and othercriteriafor approval have been

metbythe standards developer, in thiscaseASC 297.
Consensusis establishedwhen, in thejudgmentoftheANSIBoard ofStandards Review,
substantial agreementhas beenreached bydirectly and materiallyaffected interests. Substantial agreement means much morethan a simplemajority, but notnecessarilyunanimity. Consensus requires thatall views and objectionsbeconsidered, and thata concerted effort bemadetoward
theirresolution. ThecurrentASC for 297.1 consistsofrepresentatives from approximately30 glass manufacturers, interlayermakers, fabricators, consultants, and specifiers as well as 12
individual members (includingtheAdministratorofthe SGCC®) and observers (including representatives oftheCPSC).3

3The primary observer for the CPSC on ASC 297 was Thomas Caton, and the alternate memberwas Mark Kumagai.

-5­

### RATIONALEFORTHEAMENDMENT Congresshas expressed its preference in 15 U.S.C. 

### §2056(b) for the Commissiontorely
upon voluntary consumerproduct safety standardswhenevercompliancewith such voluntary
standardswouldeliminateoradequatelyreducetherisk ofinjuryaddressed and it is likelythat
therewill be substantial compliancewith such voluntary standards. Here, SGCC®believes that
these Congressional concernsand the publicinterestwouldbe well-servedbythe replacementof
theexistingtestmethodology set forth in Section 1201.4with the methodsoftest for safety glazingmaterial setforth in ANSIZ97.1 (mostcurrentversion). (A chartcomparing and commentingonthe differencesbetween CPSC 16 C.F.R. 1201 and ANSI Z97.1 is attachedto thisPetition as ExhibitC.)
Asa historical matter, in its original development of16 CFRPart 1201, the Commission

was influenced byANSI Z97.1.4

### Thetestmethodology in Section 1201.4, however, has notbeen
maintained andkept up-to-date, and many aspectsofitthat need clarification have notbeen
clarified since itsoriginal adoption bytheCommission. By contrast, ANSI Z97.1 has continued
to evolve and improve, through and including the current 2009£2 version, and has regularlybeen
modifiedto deal with important issuesthathavearisen overtheyears.S

### Forexample, 16 CFR 

### §
1201.4does notprovide any guidance for testing "bentglass"

- which has becomea

4 

### The Commission noted that it reviewed information contained in ANSI Z97.1-1975 to determine appropriate levels of test impact energy, see 42 Fed. Reg. 1434, and revised its proposed labeling language to conform with ANSI Z97.1's labeling requirements, see 42 Fed. Reg. 1441. The test method set forth in 16 CFR 

### § 1201.4 was also influenced by ANSI Z97.1­ 

### 1972. Cj. 41 Fed. Reg. 6182 (Feb. 11, (976) (proposed rule permitting continued use ofZ97.1 impact test frames). This language, however, did not appear in the final version ofthe Rule in

,January 1977. 

### Cj. 41 Fed. Reg. 1445.

S 

### For the very reason that Z97.1 is regularly updated, SGCC® recommends that the**phras~** 

### "most current version" be added to the references to Z97.1 in the revised Section 1201.4 in**o~et** 

### to ensure that Part 1201'stestproceduresarealwaysup-to-date.

-6­

### commercially importantbuildingtool- whileANSIZ97.1-2009€2does. Thereareotherpractical
issues in theuse ofSection 1201.4test equipmentthat havebeen clarified and addressed in
Z97.l-2009€2(e.g., 

### evaluationoflaminatedglass after breakage).
Theuseofa singletest method and qualification procedure

- ANSIZ97.1 (mostcurrent version)

- would allow greaterunderstanding by consumers, specifiers (such as architects), buildingcodeofficials, as well asthe industryandthetest labs. Unlike Part 1201, ANSIZ97.1 is updated and reviewed on a five toten yearcyclesothat it has andwill remain in step with the industry andtechnologybeingused by consumers.6


### In theviewofSGCC®, ANSIZ97.1 is a more rigoroustest standardthanPart 1201 and
will betterprotecttheconsumer. Forexample: (1) Z97.1 requiresthatmore samples betested while Section 1201.4 has been interpreted

as requiring onlyone sampleto betested, (2) Z97.l requires an additionalcenter-punchtestfor someproducts, and (3) Z97.1 builds in increaseddurabilitytestrequirements.
From a safetyperspective, it shouldbe noted thatANSIZ97.1 does notincludewired glassas a "safetyglazing material" and similarlyexcludesfrom thedefinition othertypes of glassthat, ifbroken, can be hazardous notonlybecauseoftheircutting and piercingpotential,
butalso becausea breakmay be lifethreatening.' Thenew interpretation and qualification

6 

### SGCC® notes that the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration ("NHTSA") has taken a similar approach to that recommended here. On July 12,2005,NHTSApublished a Final Rule amending 49 CFR 571.205, Glazing Materials, 132 FR 39959, which adopts by referenceANSUSAEZ26.1-1996 forthetesting ofautomotive glazingmaterials.

, 16 CFR 1201(c) exempts from wired glass Part 1201 where its use is required by ordinance and also excludes certain other products. SGCC® is not requesting any change in theseexemptions.

-7­

### procedures for ANSIZ97.1 will allow for tightercontrol over glazingperfonnancein hazardous
locations includingdoors.
There is a trend towards adopting and referencingANSI Z97.1 in otherstandards. For example,Z97.1 is now beingreferenced in Building Codes such as IBC 2012 and IRC 2012. In addition, Z97.1 is referenced in the new standard for glass in table tops beingdeveloped by
ASTM's SubcommitteeF15,42 onFurnitureSafety.

## See ASTM WK22334, http://www.astm.orgldatabase.cartiworkitems/WK22334.htlll

. (Glass in table tops has been an issue with injuriesoverthepast years and is notaddressed in 16 CFRPart 1201.) Currently, 16 CFRPart 1201 coversonlydoors, door leaves and such. Glazingmaterials, however, are being used in much broaderexpansesthan in the past, andANSIZ97.1 is commensurately broad. There is greatconfusion in the industryregarding which test methodologyneedsto be used in whatcircumstanceand how different the tests are, as between
the ANSI andCPSC standards. SGCC is often asked whetheronetest method is acceptable for
the other. At present, manufacturersmust shoulderthe burden ofpaying fordual qualification testing when the adoption ofa singletest procedurecould avoid that unnecessary duplication.
ANSIZ97.1 broadly defines and appliesto safety glazingproducts for all applications,
while 16 CFRPart 1201 applies morenarrowly. Theexistence oftwo test methodologiesforthe

two standardscreates confusion amongmembers ofthe industry, the consumingpublic, andthe buildingcode community. Becauseofthisconfusion, various specifyingentitiesreferenceoneor both standards. This in turn forces most manufacturersto perfonn redundant testing to both
standards. This creates wasted expenseand a misutilization ofresources.



### -8­

### CONCLUSION
Forthese reasons, SGCC respectfullyrequeststhatthis petition be docketed for public

comment and urges theCommissionto publish therevised 16 CFR 

### § 1201.4 as a proposed rule
and move rapidlytowards issuanceoftherevision as a final rule underthe ConsumerProduct SafetyAct.
DATED:June26, 2012

William M. Hannay Counsel for SafetyGlazing Certification Council SchiffHardin LLP 233 S. Wacker Drive, Suite 6600 Chicago IL 60606



### -9­

### Con,um.rProductSafety Commllllon 11143.1 Ember1aiD, materiahl (ambel'll aDd aah) ClOntabUn,re.plrable fre

.. form aabellto.;rbkofCaD_ lUIIIOCi. _ted. with iDhalatiOD ofaabeatoe ft. ben. (a) The Commissionfinds thatitis in the public interest to regulate the risk ofcancer associated with inhalation of asbestos fibers from artlflcial emberizing materiais (embers and ash) containing respirable free·form asbes· tosunderthe ConsumerProductSafety Act (CPSA) rather than under the Fed· eral Hazardous SubstancesAct (FHSA) because of the desirablUty of aVOiding possibly lengthy. resource-consuming. inefficient rulemaking proceedings under the FHSA. and because of the avatlablUtyofcivllpenaltiesunder the CPSAforknowing noncompltance.

(b) Therefore. arttftc1al emberlzing materials (embers and ash) containing respirable free-form asbestos are regulated undertheCPSA. (42 FR63354. Dec. IS. 1971] 111141.9-1148.11 [ReleE'ved] f 1141.18 Lillhten that are intended for ipitfn,**IIJDO~** materiala and that caD be operated by childreD; riabofdeathor**~ury.** (a) The Commissionfinds that It Is In the public interest to regulate under the Consumer Product Safety Act any risks of lrijury associated with the fact that lighters intended for Igniting smoking materials can be operated by young chlldren. rather than regulate suchrisks under theFederal Hazardous Substances Act or the Poison Prevention PackagingActof 1970.

(b) Therefore. If the Commission finds regulation to be necessary. risks of death or lrijury that are associated with l1ghters that are Intended for Igniting smoking materials. where such risks exlst because the ltghters can be operated by young children. shall be regulated underone or more provisions of the Consumer Product Safety Act. Other risks associated with such light­ ers. and that are based solely on the fact that the lighters contain a haz. ardous substance. shall continue to be regulated under the Federal Hazardous SubstancesAct. [51 FR37556. July 12. 19931 

# EXHIBIT A

pt. 

### 1201 f 1141.17 Multl·purpo18 1111hten that CaD be operated by children; 

### nab ofdeathoriJVury. (a) The Commissionfinds that itis In the pubUc Interest to regulate under the Consumer Product Safety Act any risks ofInjury associated with the fact that mUlti-purpose lighters can be operated by young chlldren. rather than to regulate such risks under the Federal Hazardous Substances Act or the Polson Prevention Packaging Act of 1970.

(b) Therefore. If the Commission finds regulation to be necessary. risks of death or Injury that are associated with multi-purpose lighters because the lighters can be operated by young chUdren shall be regulated under one or more provisions of the Consumer Product Safety Act. Other risks that are essociated with such lighters. and that are bued solely on the fact that the lighters contain a hazardous substance. shall continue to be regulated under the Federal Hazardous SubstancesAct. [84 FR71884. Dec. 22, 19991 PART 1201-SAFETY STANDARD

FOR ARCHITECTURAL GlAZING MATERIALS SubpartA-TheStandard Sec. l3Ol.l scope. application andfindings. 1201.2 Deflnltions. 120I.S Cenera1requirements. 1201.4 Test procedures. 1301.5 Certification and labeUng requirements. 1201.8 Prohibited stockpll1ng. 1201.7 Effectlv.date. FIGURIt I TO SUBPART A-CLASS IMPACTTEsT STRUCTURl! FIGURIt 2TO SUBPART A-TEsT FRAMR FIGURES 3 AND 4 TO SUBPART A-TEsT SPECI­ MENS FIGUR! 5TO SUBPART A-IMPACTOR Subpart B[ReMfVed] Subpart C-Statemenfl ofPolicy and Inte'Pretatlon 1201.40 Interpretation concerning bethtub andshowerdoors andenclosures. At.mfORlTY: Secs. 2, 3. 1. 8. 14. 19. Pub.!... 92-573. 88 Stet. 1212-17; (1$ U.S.C. 2051, 2052. 2056. 2051, 2083, 2068). 193§ 1201.1
SOURCE: 42 FR 1441, Jan. 6, 1977, unless oth· erwlsenoted. 

### SubpartA-The standard § 1201.1 Scope, application and fwdings. (a) Scope. This part 1201, a consumer product safety standard, prescribes the safety requirements for glazing mate· rials used or intended for use in any of the following architectural products:

(1) Storm doors or combination doors.

(2) Doors. (3) Bathtub doors and enclosures. (4) Showerdoors andenclosures. (5) [Reserved] (6) Slidingglass doors (patio-type). It also requires that these architectural products which incorporate glazing materials be constructed withglazing materials that meet the requIrements of this part. The safety requirements are designed to reduce or eliminate unreasonable risks of death or serious injuryto consumers when glazing material is broken byhumancontact.

(b) Appllcatlon. This part 1201 shall apply to glazing materials, as that term is defined in § 1201.2(a){Il). for use in the architectural products listed in paragraph (a) of this section: and to those architectural products listed in paragraph (a) ofthissection ifthey are made with. or incorporate glazing materials as that term is defined in §1201.2(n){1l). The standard applies to glazing materials and architectural products incorporating glazing materials that are produced or distributed for sale to or for the personal use, consumption or enjoyment of consumers in oraround a permanentor temporary household or residence or in recreational. school, public. or other buildings or parts thereof. This part 1201 applies only to thoseglazingmaterials manufactured after the effective date of the standard; and to those architectural products identified in paragraph (a) ofthis section that are manufactured after the effective date of the standard. Thus. architectural products identified in paragraph (a) of this sec­ tion manufactured after the effective date of the standard must incorporate glazing materials that complywith the standard. For purposes of this stand16 CFR Ch. II (1-1-05 Edition) ard, fabricators are considered to be manufacturers of the architectural products listed in paragraph (a) of this section. Architectural glazing materials used in the products listed in paragraph (a) of this section and used in mobile homes are not subject to the provisions of this part 1201. While this part 1201 prescribes a test method to determine whether glazing materials subject to this part 1201 standard meet the reqUirements of the standard, the standard itself does not require that a manufacturer test any glazing materials or products subject to the standard. All obligations of manufacturers to perform testing are imposed by section 14 ofthe Consumer Product Safety Actandcertification regulations which will be established by a separate rulemaking proceeding. However. the Commission intends to use the test procedures set forth in this part 1201 to determine whether materials and products subject to the standard meet the requirementsofthe standard.

(c) Exemptions. The following products. materials and uses are exempt fromthispart 1201:

(1) Wired glass used in doors or other assemblies to retard the passage offire, where such door or assembly is required by a federal. state. local. or mu­ nicipalfire ordinance.

(2) Louversof jalOUSie doors: (3) Openings in doors through which a 3 inch diameter sphere Is unable to pass:

(4) Carved glass (as defined in § 1201.2(a)(36». dalle glass (as defined in § 1201.2(a)(37)). or leaded glass (as defined in §IZ01.2(a)(14». which is used in doors and glazed panels (as defined in §§ 120l.Z(a)(7) and (a)(10» if the glazing material meets all ofthe following criteria:

(1) The coloring. texturing, or other design qualities or components of the glazing material cannot be removed withoutdestroyingthe material: and

(li) Theprimarypurpose ofsuch glazing is decorative or artistic; and

(iii) The glazing material Is conspicuously colored or textured so as to be plainly visible and plainly identifiable as aesthetic or decorative rather than functional (other than for the purpose of admitting or controlliing admission 194Consumer Product Safety Commission of light components or heat and cold); and

(iv) The glazing material. or assembly into which it is incorporated.·is divided into segments by conspicuous and plainlyvisible lines.

(5) Glazing materials used as curved glazed panels in revolving doors;

(6) Commercial refrigerated cabinet glazed doors.

(d) Findingsl-(I) The degree and na­ ture ofthe risk ofinjury the rule is designed to eliminate or reduce. The Commission finds that the nature of the risks of injury this standard is designed to eliminate or reduce are as follows:

(1) Lacerations. contusions. abrasions. and other injury or death resulting from walking or running into glazed doors or sliding glass doors believed to be open or glazed panels mistaken as a means of ingress or egress. or pushing against glazing material in doors or glazed panels in an attempt to open a door.

(li) Lacerations. contusions. abrasions. and other injury or death resulting from aCcidentally falling into or through glazed doors. sliding glass doors. glazed panels. bathtub doors and enclosures and shower doors and enclosures.

(iii) Lacerations. contusions. abrasions. and other injury or death resulting from the act of installing. replacing. storing or otherwise manipulating glazing material in doors. sliding glass doors. glazed panels. bathtub doors and enclosures and shower doors and enclosures. or from broken glazing material in doors. sliding glass doors. glazed panels. bathtub doors and enclosures and shower doors and enclosures. The

I The Commlsslon's findings apply to the architectural glazing standard as Issued at 42 FR 1426. on January 6. 1977. Since that date. the Commission has revoked portions ofthe standard which prescribed requirements for "glazedpanels" (45 FR57383. August 28. 1980); an accelerated environmentaldurability test for·plastlc glazing materials Intended for outdoor exposure (45 FR 66002. October 6. 1980); and a modulus of elasticity test. a hardness test:. and an Indoor aging test appll· cable to plastic glazing materials (47 FR 27856. June 28. 1982). However. the findings have notbeen revised and they are therefore. not fully applicable to the remaining reo qulrements ofthe standard. § 1201.1 Commission estimates that 73.000 injuries associated with architectural glazing materials in the architectural products within the scope of this standard were treated in hospital emergency rooms during 1975. and that about 2.400 of these injuries required the patients to be hospitalized. Extrapolating to total injuries in the United States the Commission further estimates that approximately 190.000 injuries were associated with architectural glazing products covered by this standard. Although injuries occur at any age, children aged 14 and under appear to be at particular risk of injury since as a group they represent apprOXimately half the injuries while comprising less than 30 percent of the population. Lacerations are the most common injuries associated with architectural glaZing materials and account for 72 percent to 93 percent of the injuries associated with the architectural products identified in paragraph (a) of this section. These lacerative injuries span a broad spectrum of severity and extent of bodypartaffected. During 1975, an estimated 200 injuries were treated in emergency rooms for lacerations over 25 to 50 percent of the victims' bodies and over 7.000 persons were treated for lacerations to the head or face. On the basis of all injury information available to the Commission, it is apparent that the severity of the injuries associated with architectural glazing materials ranges from minor cuts to damage to tendons. nerves, muscles. and blood vessels resulting in extensive surgery. Peripheral nerve injuries result in varying degres of loss in sensation and motion which may never be restored completely. Tendon and muscle injuries may involve loss of movement. Some victims of architectural glazing material incidents are disfigured. and sustain emotional trauma as well. Severing of arteries and veins has led to death. One way of quantifying the extent ofthe public health problem relatingto injuries associated withproducts is to estimate the total number of disability days resulting from the injuries. Using average days of restricted activity by age for specific injuries and body parts (Vital and Health Statistics, Series 10, Number 57. National 195§ 1201.1 Center for Health Statistics. U.S. Department of Health. Education. and Welfare). it is estimated that about 230.000 days of restricted activity resulted from injuries associated with architectural products which were treated in emergency rooms alone.

(2) TlJe approximate number of con­ sumerproducts, or types or classes thereof, subject to the standard. The types of glazing materials affected by orsubject to the standard are laminated glass. tempered glass. wired glass. organiccoated glass. annealed glass. and plastics. Architectural products that incorporate the aforementioned glazing materials that are also affected by or subjecttothe standard are; storm doors or combination doors. doors. bathtub doors. and enclosures. shower doors and enclosures. glazed panels and sliding glass doors (patio-type) (see paragraph (a) ofthis section). The Commission has estimated that 13 to 16 percent of the total market for glazing material incorporated in products within the scope of the standard will be affected by the standard. Most of the glazing subject to the standard is currently covered by state safety glazing legislation. To date. more than 30 states have enacted safety glazing legislation. but this legislation is neither consistent nor completely uniform among states. Annual markets for the architectural products which incorporate glazing material and that are within the scope of the standard have been estimated by the Commission in terms of square feet ofglazed area and number of units. The market for glazing material incorporated in products within the scope of the standard was estimated to be 234.8 million square feet in 1975. These figures are discussed in the Economic Impact Statement. pp. 3-7. and appendix A to the Economic Impact Statement. pp. 18-30. which are available for review in the Office ofthe Secretary of the Commission. Washington. D.C. 20207.

(3) The needofthepublicfor the architecturalglazingmaterialandproducts incorporating that glazing material subject to thestandard. andtheprobable effectof the standard upon the utJlity. cost or avallabJlity ofthoseproducts to meet the need of the pubIJc-(i) The need of the publicfor the architecturalglazingmate16 CFR Ch. II (1-1-05 Edition) rials and products incorporating that glazingmaterial. The need of the public for architectural products within the scope of the standard incorporating glazing material is substantial since these products serve such functions as transmission of light. visual communication. protection from weather. ventilation. and indoor climate control. and since reasonable substitutes for these products do not exist as a group. Each of the types of glazing material subject to the standard has individual properties which meet public needs. although one type of glazing material is often an acceptable substitute for another.

(il) Probable effect of the standard upon the cost of architecturalglazingma­ terials and architectural products incorporating the glazing material to meet the need of the publicfor the products. The probable cost effects of the standard for architectural glazing materials are listed below.

(A) The cost impact of the standard on consumers will be concentrated in those states with no present state safety glazing legislation. In those states. the average increase in cost per housing start resulting from the standard is estimated to range from $30 to $50. or approXimately one-tenth ofone percent ofthe price ofa typical new house; and the cost for residential remodeling and replacement is expected to be in the range ofSO.25 to SO.30 per household annually.

(B) The increased cost ofglazing material for nonresidential uses will be paid ultimately by consumers through higher prices of goods and services. Generally. the increased cost ofglazing is not passed to consumers immediately. but is spread over the life of the nonresidential structure. Therefore. the increased cost to consumers for glazing material in nonresidential structures will probably rise slowly overtime to an annual level of approximately SI.IO per household in states with no safety glazing legislation and $0.20 to SO.50 perhousehold in the other states. In many ofthe states with state regulations. the impact ofthe standard on residential construction and new housing prices will be near zero. since most of the glazing is currently coveredbythe state glazing legislation. 

### 196Consumer Product Safety Commission (C) The probable effect of the standard on the various glazing materials within the scope of the standard will differ. The retail price of laminated glass used in some Category II applications will probably increase by 10 to 15 percent per square foot. The incremental cost to consumers for ungraded laminated glass is estimated to be approximately $0.14 per household, annually. The cost to consumers for tempered glass, organic-coated glass, and plastics is not expected to increase because of the standard. Information available to the Commission indicates that the technology needed for producing wired glass which can comply with the standard is not readily available. See appendix A of the Economic Impact Statement. pp. 45-56. for the incremental cost calculation by product category and application.

(ut) Probable effect of the standard upon the utility ofarchltectural glazing materials and architectural products incorporatlng the glazing materials to meet the need ofthe publJc for the products. The probable effect of the standard in regard to the utility of architectural glazing materials and the architectural products incorporating glazing material should be to increase the utUity of the products. The basic effect of the standard woul.d be the substitution of certain safer glazing materials for annealed glass in certain architectural products. The Commission believes that such a substitutionwould increase utility for most consumers because of the usually increased durability of the glazing material that complies with the Commission's standard. and the knowledge that the product incorporating the glazing material is safer. There will be disutility for those consumers who prefer non-complying wired glass and organic-coated glass when these materials become unavailable for certain applications due to their likely inabUity to comply with the standard. However, the share ofthe glazing material market claimed byorganic-coated and wiredglass is small.

(iv) Probable effect of the standard upon the availability of architectural glazing materials and architecturalproductsIncorporatlng theglazingmaterials to meet the need ofthepUblicfor theproducts. The Commission finds that the § 1201.1 proposed standard should not have impacts of significant magnitude on the aVailability of architectural products within the scope of the standard. since domestic production capacity appears to be sufficient to handle any increased demand for glazing material to be used in those products. In addition. an increased demand for raw materials necessary to manufacture glazing materials that comply with the standard wtll be small in comparison to the volume of raw materials currently used for glazingfor the products that wtll be subject to the standard. Furthermore. no major change in demand for the architectural products subject to the standard incorporating glazing materials which would affect production is expected. The Commission finds that. in the absence of technological advances. certain glazing materials will no longer be available for particular applications. Unless technological advances are made. wired glass will be unavailable for use in the architectural products within the scope ofthe standard with the exception of fire door applications where special provisions of the standard apply. Similarly, organiccoated glass which has the film applied to annealed glass at the factory may no longer be available for Category II products due to an inability to pass those impact test provisions of the standard. The availability of glass replacement glazing in residential applications may be reduced. since plastic glazing often will be the only economical material available to consumers when immediate replacement is needed.

(4) Any means ofachieving the objectives ofthestandardwhileminlmiz1ngad­ verse effects on competition or disruption ordislocation of manufacturingandother commercial practices consistent wlth the pub1Jc health and safety. The Commission has considered other means of achieving the objective ofthe standard, but has found none that it believes would have fewer adverse effects on competition or that would cause less disruption or dislocation of manufacturing and other commercial practices. consistent with the public health and safety. For the glazing industry in general. the disruptions and dislocations 197§ 1201.2 of existing manufacturing and com­ mercial practices due to the standard are expected to be minor. However. it is possible that indivIdual segments of the glazing materials industryare likely to be adversely affected by the standard. Specifically. there is likely tobedisruption to thewiredglassmar­ ket, the organic-coated glass market and. to a lesser extent. to the laminated glass market. Manufacturers of wired glass will face a serious problem because technological improvements in theproductwill need to be madebefore wired glass can be used in Category I applications and because it probably will not be usable at all in Category II applications (see § 1201.2(a) (3) and (4) of thestandard). since thereappears to be little prospect at this time of developing a wired glass product capable of Withstanding the Category II. 400 foot pound impact test prescribed in §1201.4 of the standard. Laminated glass cur­ rently used for Category I applications can meet the 150 foot pound impact test requirements. but not all laminated glass currentlyusedforCategory II applications can meet the 400 foot pound impact test reqUirements. The price increase for technologically upgrading laminated glass will be borne by consumers. The Commission believes. however. that the competitive impact of the proposed changes would not severely weaken the position of laminated glass in the market place. The wired glass. organic-coated glass. and laminated glass markets affected bythe standard are small in relationto the entire industry. The standard is not expected to have an appreciable impactonforeign ordomesticcompetition. Increased competitionis expected between primary glass temperers and regional temperers. with primary temperers taking an increased share ofthe original storm door. sliding door. bathtub enclosure and shower door mar­ kets. Sales of nonresidential glazing for major nonresidential buildings will remain with the primary glass companies. The regional temperers are ex­ pected to handle almost all the temperIng of glazing for smaller nonresidential buildings. Thus, they will gain some of this market at the expense of local dealers and distributors. How­ ever. the distributors and dealers prob16 CFR Ch. II (1-1-05 Edition) ably will operate as order takers for the smallestjobs. It is expected that glazingdistributors and dealerswillex­ periencereduced market shares inboth the residential and nonresidential new glazing markets. This will occur as a result ofthe transfer ofbusiness to the primary glass manufacturers and re­ gional temperers. since tempered glass must be produced to size and it is not feasible to keep in inventory all sl2;es whichmightbeneeded.

(5) SummaryfindIng. The Commission finds that there are unreasonable risks of injury associated with architectural glazing materials used In the architectural products listed in paragraph (a) of this section. In assessing the question of whether unreasonable risks of injury or injury potential are associated with architectural glazing materiais. the Commission has balanced the degree. nature and frequency of injury against the potential effect of the standardon the ability ofarchitectural glazing materials to meet the need of the public and the effect of the standard on the cost. utility. and availability of architectural glazing materials to meet that need. The Commissionfinds that this standard. including its effective date. is reasonably nec­ essary to eliminate or reduce the un­ reasonable risks of iJ'!.lury associated with architectural glazing materials and that promulgation of the standard is inthe publicinterest. (Sec. 9(e). Pub. L. 9Z-573. 86 Stat. lZ15 (15 U.S.C. 2058(e» (5 U.S.C. 553) [4Z FR 1441. Jan. 6. 1977. as amended at 43 FR 57246 Dec. 7. 1978; 45 FR57389. Aug. 28. 1980; 47 FR 27856. June 28, 1982; 49 FR 1107. Feb. Z7. 1984] § 1201.2 Definitions.

(a) As usedin this part 1201: (I) Annealed glass means glass that has been subjected to a slow, controlled cooling process during manufacture to control residual stresses so that It can be cut or subjected to other fabrication. Regular polished plate. float. sheet. rolled. and some patterned sur­ face glasses are examples of annealed glass.

(2) Bathtub doors andenclosuresmeans assemblies of panels and/or doors that are installed on the lip of or immediatelysurroundinga bathtub. 198Consumer Product SOlety Commission (3) Category I products means any of thefollowing architecturalproducts:

(i) Storm doors or combination doors that contain no single piece ofglazing material greater than 9 square feet (0.83 square meters) in surface area of one side of the piece of glazIng material.

(il) Doors that contain no single piece ofglazing material greaterthan9 square feet (0.83 square meters) in sur­ face area of one side of the piece of glazing material.

(4) Category IIproducts means any of thefollowing architecturalproducts:

(i) Showerdoors and enclosures. (ti) Bathtubdoors andenclosures. (Ill) Slidingglassdoors (patiotype). (tv) Storm doors or combination doors that contain any piece ofglazing material greater than 9 square feet (0.83 square meters) In surface area of one side of the piece of glazing material.

(v) Doors that contain any piece of glazing material greater than 9 square feet (0.83 square meters) in surface area ofone side ofthepieceofglazingmaterial.

(5) Distributor means a person to whom a consumer product is delivered or sold for purposes of distribution in commerce. including persons cutting glazing material to size, except that such term does not Include a manufacturerorretailerofsuchproduct.

(6) Distribution in commerce means to sell In commerce, to introduce or deliver for introduction Into commerce, or to hold for sale or distribution after introduction into commerce.

(7) Door means an assembly that Is Installed in an interior or exterior wall; that is movable in a sliding. pivoting. hinged. or revolving manner of movement: and that Is used by con­ sumers to produce or close offan opening for use as a means of human passage.

(8) Fabricator means any person who assembles or otherwise incorporates glazing materials into an architectural product listed in § 1201.1(a). A fabricator is considered a manufacturer as defined in paragraph (a)(16) ofthis sec­ tion.

(9) Glass means a hard. brittle. amor­ phous substance produced by fusion. usually consisting of mutually dis­ § 1201.2 solved silica and silicates that also contains sods and lime. It may be transparent. translucent. or opaque.

(10) [Reserved] (11) Glazing material means glass. including annealed glass. organic coated glass. tempered glass. laminated glass. wired glass; or combinations thereof wherethese are used:

(1) In openings through the architectural productslisted in § 1201.1(a). or

(li) As the architectural products themselves. e.g. unframed doors.

(12) Jalousie door means a door (as "door" is defined In paragraph (a)(7) of this section) having an opening glazed with operable. overlapping louvers. Each louver is one of a series of over­ lapping pIeces of glazing material designed to admit ventilation and light but exclude rain and is typically operated bya crankand gear mechanism.

(13) Laminated glass means glazing material composed of two or more pieces of glass. each piece being either tempered glass. heat strengthened glass, annealed glass or wired glass, bonded to an intervening layer or lay­ ersofresilient plastic material.

(14) Leadedglass means a decorative composite glazing material made of Individual pieces of glass whose perimeter is enclosed by lengths of durable metal such as lead or zinc and the pieces of glass are completely held together and supported by such metal. Such pieces of glass can be clear. colored, beveled. painted. or flashed and etched.

(15) Manufacture means to manufacture, produce or assemble.

(16) Manufacturer means any person who manufactures, fabricates or imports a glazing material or architectural product listed in §1201.1(a) that Incorporates glazingmaterial.

(17) Mirror means a treated. polished or smooth glazing material that forms imagesbythe reflection oflight.

(18) Mobile home means a structure transportable in one or more sections. which is eight body feet (2.4 body me­ ters) or more in width and is thirtytwobody feet (9.7 bodymeters) or more in length. and which Is built on a permanent chassis and designed to be used as a dwelling with or without a permanent foundation when connected to the requiredutilities. 

### 199§ 1201.2 (19) Other buildings or parts thereof means buildings or parts thereof (other than residential. school. public. or rec­ reational buildings) in which all or partofthe building is open to the public with or without specific invitation. Included are bulldings or parts thereof such as banks and recreational or re­ tail facilities in a building and multiuse buildings that contain residential units.

(20) Organic-coatedglassmeans a glazing material consisting of a piece of glass, coated and bonded ononeorboth sides with an applied polymeric coating. sheeting. orfilm.

(21) Patio door (See "sliding glass doors (patio-type)" in paragraph (a)(31) ofthissection).

(22) Permanent label means a label that will remain permanently legible and visible after installation of the glazing material and that would be destroyed in attempts to remove it from the glazing material and includes (but is not limited to) sandblast. acid etch. hot-stamp. and destructible polyester labels.

(23) [Reserved) (24) Private labelermeans an ownerof a brand or trademark on the label ofa consumer product which bears a private label. and includes anyfabricator. distributor. or installer who cuts cer­ tified and permanently labeled glazing materials into smallerpieces.

(25) Public building means a building of public assembly or meeting including (but not limited to) a museum. placeofworship. orrestaurant.

(26) Recreational building means a buildIng used for recreational purposes including (but not llmited to) a theater. stadium. gymnasium. amusement parkbuildingorlibrary.

(27) Residential building means a building. permanent or temporary. such as a single or multifamily residence. including (but not limited to) a house. apartment building. lodging home. dormitory. hotel. motel. hospital. sanitarium. and nursing home. used as a dwelling for one or more persons or families and any structure which is attached to. a part of. or appurtenant to such a building. Public areas of all residential buildings. such as lobbies and othercommonfacilities. are included within the definition of 16 CFR Ch. II (1-1-05 Edition) "other buildings or parts thereof" in paragraph (a)(19) of this section. For purposes of this part 1201. a mobile home as defined in paragraph (a)(18) of this section is not considered to be a residential building.

(28) Retailermeans a person to whom a consumerproduct is delivered or sold for purposes of sale or distribution by such person to a consumer; the term retailer includes a person who cuts glazing material to size for consumers.

(29) School building means a building designed primarily for the conduct of educational instruction and includes the classrooms. libraries. administrative offices. auditoriums. eating and sanitary facUities. stadiums. gymnasiums and all other structures asso­ ciatedwith such buildings.

(30) Shower door and enclosure means an assembly of one or more panels installed to form all or part of the wall and ordoor ofa showerstall.

(31) SlJding glass door (patio-type) means an assembly of one or more panels. at least one of which is suitably movable for use as a means of human ingress or egress. The term includes the nonmovable and movable panels of such assembly.

(32) Storm door (or combination door) means a movable assembly. used in tandem with an exterior door to protect the exterIor door against weather elements andlor to improve indoor climatecontrol.

(33) Tempered glass means a piece of specially heat treated or chemically treated glass that cannot be cut. drilled. ground. or polished after treatment without fracture. When fractured at any point, if highly tempered. the entire piece breaks into small particles.

(34) Wiredglass means a single piece of annealed glass that contains wire embedded in thebodyofthe glass.

(35) Commission means the Consumer Product Safety Commission.

(36) Carved glass means a decoration glazIng material in which a permanent visible design has been produced by polishing. grinding. or otherwise re­ movingportionsofthe surface.

(37) Dalle glass or dalle de verre (including faceted glass) means a decorative composite glazing material made of Individual pieces of glass which are 

### 200

## INSERT § 1201.4 Test Procedures 

### Testing shall be in accordance with thetest provisions ofANSI Z97.1 (mostcurrentversion). "American National Standard for Safety Glazing Materials Used in Buildings

- Safety Performance Specifications and Methods ofTest.· 2,1 

## 2J Copies ofANSI Standard Z97.1 (mostcurrentversion) are available from the American National Standards Institute. 25 W. 43rd Street. 4th Floor, NewYork, NY 10036, oronline at http://webstore.ansLorgiFindStandards.aspX?SearchString=Z97.1&SearchOption=O&PageNum=O&Searc hTerrnsArray=nuIiO/07cZ97.10/07cnull.
Consumer ProductSafety Commission Imbedded In a cast matrix ofconcrete orepoxy.

(b) Definitionsgiven In theConsumer Product Safety Act, and not repeated in this section, are appUcable to this part.

ec) Test methods and recommended practices pubUshed by the American SOCiety for Testing and Materials (ASlM) 1, and referred to In this part 1201, are hereby Incorporated by ref­ erence Into thispart.

(d) Test methods and recommended practices published by the American National Standards Institute (ANSI) and referred to in this part 1201. are hereby incorporated by reference Into thispart. (Sec. 9(e). Pub. L. 92-573. 88 Stat. 1215; (15 U.s.C. 2058(8): (5 U.S.C.553) [42 PR 14U. Jan.

### e. 1977. as amendedat.2PR 81860. Dec. 1. 1977:**~3** FR 5002. Oct. 30, 1918:**~3** PR5lU1. Dec. 1, 1918;**~5** PR51389. Aua. 28. 1980; 41 PR21856. June28. 1982} 11101.3 Generalrequirementa.

(al All glazlng materials to Which this standard appUes. as described In 51201.1. shallmeettheimpactandenvironmental testreqUirements In 51201.4. and shall be labeled by manufacturers Inaccordancewith§lZOI.5.

I tNt methodt and recom

ctlc:es al'tl approved by. published by. allahle for purchase from the Amer:IaIn § 1201.4 (b) Glazing materials used in architectural products not listed In §l201.1(a) are not sul:Uect to this part. Any material not listed In the definition of "glazlng material" In Sl201.2(a)(ll) Is not subject to this part 1201. [42 PR 1111, Jan. 6, 1977. as amended at47 PR 27856. June28, 1982J

1 120U(e)(2)(I) 11201.4(_)(2)(11)(11)



### 201(H) The structural framing shall be weide or securely bolted at the cor­ ners an bracedbyone ofthe alternate methods own in figure I and shall be securelyb ted to the fioor.

(lU) The er subframe (see figures 2, 3. and 4) fi securing the test speci­ men on all 1\ I' edges shall be reinforced at each mer. The material Is shown as wood figure 3. but other materials may be used: Provlded, The test specimen will ntact onlythe ne­ oprene strips. which all have a shore A durometerhardness f 30to50.

(iv) Any reasonable eans may be used to secure the subfr e to the test frame so long as the m nting Is se­ cure and the pressure on t e glazing in the subframe is not sign cantly alteredwhen the subframe is I' oved.

(v) Pressures on the test pecimen shall be controlled. and the mpression of the neoprene strips sha be between 10 and 15 percent ofthe iginal thickness of the neoprene. Se uring methods such as wing bolts and c ps shall be uniformly spaced no gr tel' than 18 inches (45 centimeters) a withno fewer than two on any edge. 0 limit the compression of the neopre and prevent distortion ofthe subfram metal shims of an appropriate thic ness shall be used as shown in figur and4.

(2) Impactor. (i) The impactor sh 1 be a leatherpunching bag as show n fig­ ure 5 on this section. The bag all be filled with No. 7/Z chilled Ie shot to ' a total weight of complete assembly as shown in figure 5. of pounds ±4 ounces (45.36±O.1l kilogr s). The rubber bladder shall be 1 in place and fUled through a hole t into the upper part. After filling rubber bladder, the top should be e ertwisted around thethreadedme rod below themetal sleeve or pulled vel' the metal sleeve and tied with cord or leather thong. Note that hanging strap must be removed. T e bag should be laced in the norm manner. The exteriorofthe bag sha be completely covered by liz inch ( centimeters) wide glass filament reinforced pressure sensitive (Figure 5.) Provisions shall be made for raisthe impactor or to drop heights of to 48 inches (1.22 meters). At its reease it shall have been supported so 16 CFR Ch. /I (1-1-05 EdiHon) that the rod going through its cente was in line with the steel support ca e in a mannerdesigned to minimize bble oroscillation after itsrelease.

(3) Environmental durabl1Jty test quipment-(i) Boll test. Two conta ers of water shall be provided with eaos to maintain one at 1500 is OF 6' ±2 °e) and the second ata slow bo at atmospheric pressure. The con iners shall be large enough to acce a rack holding three specimens, e 12 inches (30 centimeters) square, 0 the glazing ma­ terial in a vertical sition. The rack shall be pOSitioned 0 that each speci­ men is surrounded y at least one inch (2.5 centimeters) water.

(ll) Simulated weathering test. The equipment sh be a xenon arc (watercooled) Wea er-Ometer employing a lamp rated 6500 watts and automatic light mon oring and control systems. Borosilic e inner and outer filters shall used. An appropriate water spray yc1e shall be used. Operating proc ures'shall be in accordance with AS G 26-70, "Standard Recended Practice for Operating ght-and Water-Exposure Apparatus enon-Arc Type) for Exposure ofNonmetallic Materials," April 13, 1970, as augmented for plastics by ASTM D 2565-70, "Standard Recommended Pracice for Operating Xenon-Arc Type

ater-Cooled) Light- and Water-Expo­ s e Apparatus for Exposure of Plastl ," Procedure B. June 12, 1970, which corporated by reference. Copies of b documents are available from the Jl!. erlcan Society for Testing and Mated ls, 1916 Race Street. Philadelphia, P ylvania 19103. Theyare also available or inspection atthe National Archives d Records Administration (NARA). Fo information on the availability of th material at NARA, call 202-741--6030, or go to: http:// www.archives./fo 'federal_register! code_of_federal_ egulations/ ibr_Iocations.html. This incorporation by reference was a roved by the Director of the Feder Register. These materials are incorp ated as they exist in the edition whi has been approved by the Director 0 the Federal Register and which has bee filed with theOffice ofthe Federal Reg ter.

(c) Test specimens-(l) Co tJon of specimens. All specimens shallbested 

### 202as sup ied by the manufacturer. following oval of any temporary protective m king materials. No tests shall be co menced before the specimens have b n stored in the laboratory for 4 hou Specimens shall be arranged to permi ree circulation ofair to all surfaces dur g this period.

(2) Impact spec s. Impact specimens shall be of the rgest size manufactured up to a maxi urn width of 34 inches (86 centimeters) d a maximum height of 76 inches (l.9 ters). Specimens shall be tested for e ch nominal thickness offered by the rna ufacturel-.

(3) Environmental durabi specJmens-(i) Boil test. Three ces 12 inches by 12 inches (30 centim ers by 30 centimeters) with nomInal thi identical to those submitted fo impact test shall be used.

(ti) Weatherlng tests-(A) [Reserved (8) Organic-coated glass-(I) Orien

­ tion specif1ed. Six organic-coated glas specimens 2 inches by 6 inches (5 centimeters by 15 centimeters) by nominal thickness identical to those submitted for the impact test shall be used.**(~** Orientation unspecJt1ed. Nine organic-coated glass specimens. 2 inche by 6 inches (5 centimeters by 15 cen ­ meters) by nominal thickness ident' al to those submitted for the impac est shall be used except that wh the glazing material is symmetri across its thickness. six specimen may be used.

(iii) Indoor service. Fou samples identical to th e for the impacttest.

(d) Testprocedures-( cedure. Each specim shall be struck within 2 inches (5 entimeters) of its geometric center ith the impactor dropped from single height. designated accord' g to the product category. Speci ns for Category I shall be impacted one time from a drop height of I to 18V. inches (458 to 470 millimete

. Specimens for Category II shall e impacted one time from

## (!) (i) When breakage occurs drop he ht of 48 to 48 1 h inches (1.22 to cracks and fissures may 0 cur) no 1.23 m ers). For all specimens that are opening shall develop in the t t samnot s mmetric from surface to surface. pIe through which a 3 inch (7 milliual number of specimens shall be meter) diameter solid steel s i acted on each side. For glazing ma- weighing 4 pounds ±3 oz (l.8I±O.08 t ials which willbe evaluated by para- grams). passes when placed ot

raph (e)(l)(iii) ofthis section. this im- dropped) in the opening and permitt pacttestprocedure is not required. to remain for a period of one secon 203 (2) Environmental durabJlJty testproc dures-(i) Boil test. The specimens sh 1 be immersed in the 150 F (66°C) w .er for 3 minutes. They shall the be quickly removed and immersed the boilingwater and left there for hours. The specimens shall then be emoved. cooled. and dried for ex
. ation as specified in paragraph (e) (i) of this section.

(ti) Accelerated weath ing test. The specimens shall be r. tained in the Weather-Ometer (par raph (b)(3)(ti) of this section) for period of 1200±1 hours. and expose 0 a radiant flux of 50 mlcrowatts p square centimeter (12 calories per cond per square centimeter) while onitoring at a wavelengthof340 anometers.

(A) [Rese edl (8) Org, nic-coated glass-(I) Orientation spe ed. Three specimens shall be mount with the surface that is intende to be oriented indoors faced awa from the radiation source: the

t r three specimens shall be kept in

rkness at 73 OF (23°C) for use as conIs. Materials so tested shall be labe d according to §1201.5(c) of this pa 201.**(~Orientation** unspecif1ed. Three specim ns shall be mounted with oneof the su ces toward the radiation: three spe mens shall be mounted with the other rface toward the radiation. and three ecimens shall be kept in darkness at of (23°C) for use as controIs. When e glazing material is symmetric acr s its thickness. three specimens shall irradiated.

(e) Interpretatio ofresults-(l) Impact test. A glazing rna rial may be qualified for use in both tegory I and CategoryII products ifit eets the impact reqUirements for Cate ry II. A glazing material shall bejudge to pass the impact test if the specime tested meets anyone of the criteria 1 ted in paragraphs (e)(l) (I) through ( ofthis section:this criterion. the sample after beln impacted shall be placed. while remal ng in the subframe. in a horizontal. pact side up position with a minimu of one foot (31 centimeters) of free sp e immediately beneath the specImen. '" (n) When eakage occurs. what ap­ Wpear to be the largest particles shall be selected wi in 5 minutes subsequent to the tes and shall weigh no more than the equ alent weight of 10 square inches (64 s are centimeters) of the original specim

. For the purposes of this section p tic1e means a portion of a broken t t specimen which is determined by ide Ifying the smallest possible perimeter ound all pointsin the portion ofthe br en test speCimen. always passing along orexposed surfaces.

(Hi) [Reserved] 

## 0) (iv) The specimen does not rem in within the subframe andno breakage causedbythe impactor. 

# ® (v) Thespecimen doesnotbreak. (2) Environmental durability tests- (1) Boll test. The ,glass itself may crack In this test. but no bubbles or other defects shall develop more than I/i inc (12 millimeters) from the outer edge f the specimen or from any crack t at may develop. Any specimen in w. ich the glass cracks to an extent th confuses the interpretation of the esults shall be discarded. and anoth speci­ men shallbe tested in itsste

(ii) Accelerated weather! [Reserved]

(B) Organic-coated gl Specimens shallbejudged satisfact ryiftheypass both the adhesion tes and the tensile test described bela in paragraph (e)(U)(B) (1) and (2,) Q thissection,

(1) Adhesion test organic-coated glass onljJ-(l) SpecJme

. The specimens for this test are the inchby6inch (5 centimeters by 15 entimeters) weathered specimens an the control specimens. The specim s shall be conditioned justprior t the performance ofthe adhesion te at 13° ±6 "F (23" ±3 ·C) and 50±5 per nt relative humidity for 24 hours.

(ll) pparatus. The test apparatus shal consist of a constant-rate-of-exte on-type (CRE) tensile tester with moving crosshead set to move at 12 i ches per minute (5 millimeters per second) and load range such tha the average pull force will fall at 30 a 50 percent offull scale. A cutter all be used containing new razor b des for cutting 1 inch (25 millim er) wide specimens of the organic oating on the glass. The razor bia s shall be usedone time only.

(Jii) Procedure. Using cut a straight. 1 inc wide strip oftheorg ic coating in the lengthwise directio of the glass specimen along and wi in 1/4 inch (6 millimeters) ofone e e. Peel back. cleanly and evenly. ab t 2 inches (50 millimeters) ofone e of the 1 inch (25 millimeters) wid organic strip. Attach a strip of reO forced pressure sensitive tape to th side ofthe organic strip opposite th adhesive. to extend this free end to out 8 inches (200 millimeters) in len h. Place the end of the glass pane romwhich the organic strip was rem ed in the lower clamp ofthe tensil tester and and the free end of the e in the upper clamp. Peel the reainder of the organic strip from the g 5 mechanically and obtain a record of e pull force value. Determine and rec d the average pull force value for each imen from the chart. Weathered d control specimens are to be tested ternately.

(M In pretation ofresults. The 01'­ gentc-coa d glass adhesion shall be judged sati actory if the average pull forcefor the eatheredspecimens isno less than 90 p cent ofthe average pull forceforthec trol specimens.

(2) Tensile stre test (organ1c-coated glass onl)? (1) e specimens for this test are the sam 2 inch by 6 inch (5 centimeter by 15 centimeter) specimens used inthe ad sion test.

(1i) Apparatus. The E tensile tester shall be used with tli moving crosshead set to move at 2 minute (0.8 millimeter p the load range such that t w1ll break at 30 to 60% of 1scale. A cutter shall be used conta ing new razor blades for cutting 'h inc (12 millimeter) wide specimens ofthe rganic coating on the glass. The razor lades shallbeused one time only.

Wi) Procedure. Using the th incfl (12 millimeter) razor cutter. cut a strai t strip of the organic coating in 

### 204§1201.5 Certification and labeling reo quirements. (a) Manufacturers and private label· ers ofglazing materials covered bythis part 1201 shall complywiththe requirements of section 14 CPSA (15 U.S.C. 2063) and regulations issued under sec· tion 14.

(b) [Reserved] (c) Organic-coated glass that has beentested for environmental exposure from one side only must bear a perma· nent label on the coating stating "GLAZE

## nus SIDE IN" and shall bear in the central 50 percent ofthe surface areathe following message in lettersat least 'I. inch (1 mUlimeters) high: "SEE PERMANENT LABEL FOR IMPORTANT MOUNTING INSTRUCTION." The lattermessage shallbe attachedto eitherside ofthe glazing by anymeans which shall ensure the messagewill reo main in place until installation. 142 FR 1441. Jan. 6, 1971. as amended at 45 FR 66007, Oct. 6, 1980) §12{)1.6 Prohibitedstockpiling.

(a) Stockpillng. For the purposes of this section. the term stockpilingmeans manufacturing or importing the af· fected products between the date of issuance of this part in the FEDERAL REGISTER and theeffective date setout below in §1201.1 at a rate signiflcantly greater (prescribed in paragraph (b) of § 1201.7 this section) than the rate atwhich the affected products were produced or imported during a base period (prescribed inparagraph (c}(2) ofthis section).

(b) Prohibitedacts. Manufacturers and importers ofglazing materials. fabricators, and manufacturers or importers of architectural products specified in §1201.1(a) who incorporate glazing ma­ terial shallnot incorporateglazing ma­ terials which do not comply with the requirements ofthispart 1201 into such products between the date of issuance of this part in the FEDERAL REGISTER and the effective date set out in §1201.1 below at a rate greater than the rate of production or importation during the base period (defined in paragraph (c)(2) of this section) plus ten percent. For wired glass used in doors or other as­ semblies subject to this part 1201 and intended to retard the passage of fire. when such doors or other assemblies are required by a Federal. State. local or municipal fire ordinance. the rate of production during the base period may be increased annually by no more than 10 percent.

(c) Definitions. As used in this sec­ tion:

(I) Rate of production (or importation) means the total number of affected ar· chitectural products incorporating glazing material not complying with this part manufactured or imported during a stated base period.

(2) Baseperiodmeans. at theoption of the manufacturer or importer. any period of 180 consecutive days prior to January 6. 1911. said period to be se­ lected within an interval which begins July6. 1915. § 1201.7 Effectivedate.

The effective date of this part 1201 shallbe July 6. 1917 except:

(a) For glazing materials used in doors or other assemblies subject to this part and intended to retard the passage of fire when such doors or otherassemblies are requiredby a Federal. State. or local or municipal fire ordinance. the effective date shall be January 6. 1980.

(b) Architectural glazing materials manufactured before July 6. 1977 may be incorporated into architectural products listed in §1201.1(a) through July 5. 1978 if: 205§ 1201.7 (1) The architectural glazing material conforms to ANSI Standard Z97.1­ 1972 or 1975, "Performance Specifications and Methods of Test for Safety Glazing Material Used in Bulldings," 1972 or 1975z. which is incorporated by reference. and

(2) The architectural glazing material is permanently labeled to indicate it conforms to ANSI Z97.l-1972 or 1975 or is accompanied by a certificate cer­ tifying conformance to ANSI Z97.1 1972 or 1975.

(c) Tempered glass manufactured before July 6. 1977 may be incorporated into architectural products listed in § 1201.1(a) through July5. 1981 if:

(1) The tempered glass conforms to ANSI Z97.1-1972 or 1975; and

(2) The tempered glass is permanently labeled to indicate It conforms to ANSI Z97.1-1972 or 1975 or is accom­ panied by a certificate certifying con­ formance toANSI Z97.1-1972 or 1975.

(d) Laminated glass manufactured on or after July 6, 1977 through December

'Copies ofANSI Standard Z91.1-197Z or 1915 are available from the American National Standards Institute, 1430 Broadway, New York, New York 10018. They are also avaUable for inspection at the National Archives and Records Administration (NARA). For Information on the availability of this mate­ rial at NARA, call 202-741-6030. or go to: http://Www.archlves.gov/federal_registlftr / cOOe_o(j'ederal_reguJatioru./ Jbr_locations.html.Thls Incorporation by ref­ erence was approved by the Director of the Federal Register. These materials are incor· porated as they exist In the edItIons which have been approved by the Director of the Federal Register and which have been filed with the Office oftheFederalRegister. 16 CFR Ch. II (1-1-05 Edition) 3. 1977 may be Incorporated into category II products as defined in § 120l.Z(a)(4) through July 5, 1978 if:

(1) The laminated glass conforms to ANSI Z97.1-1972 or 1975; and

(2) The laminated glass is permanently labeled to indicate that it con· forms to ANSI Z97.1-1972 or 1975 or is accompanied bya certificate in accord­ ance with section 14(a) of the CPSA certifying conformance to ANSI Z97.1­ 1972 or 1975.

(e) Architectural products manufactured between July 6, 1977 and July 5, 1978 incorporating glazing material in accordance with paragraph (b) of this section, may be distributed and sold without restriction.

(0 Architectural products manufactured between July 6. 1977 and July 5. 198] incorporating tempered glass in accordance with paragraph (c) of this section, may be distributed and sold without restriction,

(g) Architectural products identified in § 1201.2(a)(4) manufactured between July 6, 1977 and July 5. 1978 incorporating laminated glass in accordance with § 120L7(d) may be distributed and soldwithout restriction.

(h) Patinaed glass manufactured between July 6. 1977 and January 8. 1979. in accordance with the Commission's stay order published in the FEDERAL RECISTER of August 9. 1977 (42 FR 40188), may be sold without restriction, Architectural products incorporating such glazing may also be sold without restriction. [43 FR 50422, Oct. 30, 1978. as amended at 43 FR 57247, Dec. 7. 1978; 46 FR 63250, Dec. 31. 1981)

206

# --- 1 TO SUBPARTA OF PART 1201-GLASS IMPACT TEST STRUCTURE 

### ALTERNATIVE CHANNEL MOUNTING HOLES

.\ALTERNATlVE FRAM BRACES

c--_ 

## ,-­

__ L

### ~-::::::::::::::::::.::--



### TSPECIMEN MOUNTING 

### fRAME

FIG I-GLASS IMPACTTEST 

### STRUCTUR

207**~** N ! -'"**~** '" 

# ..'"
>- '"

.. ;:0 ""% ,. i**~~** >- ! x v Ow 

# .... X '" 5*'lv(1.. ATTACHM(NT**~lOCAl(** AT vEATIC Al ([HIEA ll
...E -OF' n:ST SPECIMEN AND A MINIMUM Of 60tH. HORtZOPltTAl CENlER UN(

THIS .OATION or fR_ ocr REQUIRED tF SWIVEL AT!ACrtMEHf IS

..OUNTE0 ON } SEPARATE CONSTRUCTION**~"".** ,\",,.. 

### ..

### ..

sue FRAME

..E

..II£.S fOR TEST SPEC'lIEN $MALlEA TtfAIf4 34**I~** • 16 IN

NOT E. sue fOAIoIE FOR HOLOING TEST SPEc,

..e" 1101 SHOWN 

### FIG 2-TEST FRAME 

# ,\\)**:T:~:E-";': ~**  \ OF tRACING \ \ '"AlOE. uSE ONE BRACE \ \ AT EACH \ \ vERnCAl \ \ "E"SEO \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \

\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \

\ \

\ \

SO IN WIN N 

### Cl

# ~**~** ;I>­ £i'l

# ~

.....**~**

# ~**~** 

# i1 » g: t>1 

## "**~** N



# - 0­ 

### Q ::0

## ~ =nsumer Product Safety Commission Pt. 1201. Subpt. A. FI
FIGURES 3 AND" TO SUBPART A OF PART 1201-TEST SPECIMENS

CORRECT



### • ,

NOUNHNG , SOB-FRAN! \ COMPONENTS 

### \

FIG 4-GLASS TEST SPECIMEN '--J ,MOUNTING SUB·FRAME(EXPLODEDl 8 STAND

209FIGURE 5 TO SUBPART A OF PART 1201-IMPACTOR

liN LONG .I**[~** IN. OIA "ETAl SltEn (SERIES OF "ETAL WASHERS

..Ay 8E uSEO I**FI~~** BAG WITH l ElIO SIIOT SO THA TOTAL WEIGHT Of ASSE"BLY 1$ IDOll:t 40Z

COVER ENTIRE SURFACE OF BAG WITH 1/2 INCH WIDE GLASS FilAMENT REINFORCED PRESSURE SENSITIVE TAPE.

EYE NUT fOR**~lniNG** IRIOl£ (SEE fiG 2 1



### FIG 5 -IMPACTOR

210 iConsumer Product

### Safety Commission 

### Subpart B [Reserved] Subpart C-Statementsof Policy and InterpretaHon §1201.40 Interpretation concerning bathtub and shower doors and en­ closures. (a) Purpose and background. The purpose of this section is to clarify the scope of the terms "bathtub doors and enclosures" and "shower door and enclosure" as they are used in the Standard in subpart A. The Standard lists the products that are subject to it (§ 120I.l(a». This list includes bathtub doors and enclosures, a term defined in the Standard to mean "assemblies of panels and/or doors that are installed on the lip of or immediately surrounding a bathtub" (§ 1201.2(a)(2)). The list also includes shower doors and en­ closures, a term defined to mean "(assemblies) of one or more panels installed to form all or part of the wall and/or door of a shower stall" (§ I201.2(a)(30))

. Since the Standard becameeffective on July 6, 1971. the question has arisen whether the definitions ofthese products include glazing materials in a Window that is located overa bathtub orwithin a shower stall and in the exterior wall of a building. The definitions ofthe terms "bathtub doors and enclosures" and "shower door and enclosure" contain no specific exemption for glaZing materials in such windows. If read literally, the Standard could include glazing materials in an exterior wall window located above a bathtub because that window could be Interpreted as being "immediately surrounding" the bathtub. Similarly. the Standard. if read literally. could include glazing materials in an exterior wall Window because that window could be interpreted as forming "all or part of the wall •• • of a shower stall."

(b) Interpretation. When theConsumer Product Safety Commission issued the Standard, it did not intend the standard to apply to any item ofglazing material in a window that is located over a bathtub or within a shower stall and in the exterior wail of a building. The Commissionclarifiesthat the Standard does not apply to such items ofglazing material or such windows. This inter­ § 1202.2 pretation applies only to the term "bathtub doors and enclosures" and "shower door and enclosure" and does not affect the applicability of the Standardto any otherproduct. [46 FR45751. Sept. 15. 19811

PART 1202-SAFETY STANDARD FOR MATCHBOOKS
Sec. 1202.1 Scope andeffectivedate. 1202.2 Findings. 1202.3 Definitions. 1202.4 Matchbookgeneral requirements. 1202.5 Certification. 1202.6 Marking. 1202.7 Prohibitedstockpiling.

AUTHORITY: Secs. 2. 3. 7. 9. 14. 16. and 19. Pub. L. 92-573. 86 Stat. 1212-17 (15 U.S.C. 2051. 2052. 2056. 2058. 2063. 2065. and 2068).

SoURCE: 43 FR 53709. Nov. 17. 1978, unless otherwisenoted. §1202.1 Scope andeffective date.

(a) Scope. This part 1202. a consumer product safety standard. prescribes the safetyrequirements. including labeling requirements. for the matchbook. This part 1202 applies to all matchbooks manufactured in or imported into the United States after itseffective date.

(b) Effective date. The effective date shall be May4. 1978. § 1202.2 Findings. 1

(a) Risk ofinjury. The Commission finds that unreasonable risks of injury from accidents are associated with matchbooks. These unreasonable risks.

I The Commission's findings apply to the matchbook standard that it published on May 4. 1977 (42 FR 22656-70). On Mar. 31, 1978. the U.S. Court of Appeals for the First Circuit set aside portions of that standard (D. D. Bean & Sons. Co. v. CPSC. 574 F. 2d 643). On Nov. 17. 1978. the Commission publlshed a revised version of the standard which reflects the court's decision. However. the findings have not been revised and they are therefore not fully applicable to the revised matchbookrequirements. For example, the revised standard does not address the unreasonable risk of Il'\lury of "[blum injuries that have been sustained by persons from fires that have been set by the afterglow of extinguished bookmatches" (§ 1202.2(a)(6)) because the court set aside the afterglow performance requirement. 211

# American National Standard

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## ANSI Z97.1- 2009£2 Revision ofANSI Z97.1-2004e



# American National Standard 

# for Safety Glazing Materials Used in Buildings ­ Safety Performance Specifications and Methods ofTest

Secretariat Glazing IndustrySecretariat Committee Approved byAccredited Standards Committee (ASC) Z97 November 2009 American National Standards Institute, Inc.
ANSI Z97.1-20og<

- Modification tosection 5.1.2.1.2 (1), (2), (3) and (4) to clarify interpretation ofallowable changes after weathering.

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The use ofAmerican National Standards is completely voluntary; their existence does not in any respect preclude anyone, whether they have approved the standards or not, from manufacturing, marketing, purchasing, or using products, processes, or procedures not conforming to the standards.
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### Z97.1-2009E2



### PubUshed by Glazing Industry SecretariatCommittee 

### www.ANSIZ97.com Distributed by Glazing IndustrySecretariatCommittee 

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### iii

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FORWARD 

### (This forward is not part ofANSI 

### Z97.1-2009U ) 

### This standard was developed under procedures accredited as meeting the criteria for American National Standards. The consensus committee that approved the Standard was balanced 

### to ensure that individuals from competent and concerned interests have had an opportunity 

### to participate. 

### Itwas developed within the approved scope as stated in section 

## 1J.ofthe standard.
This Standard is available for public review on a continuing basis. This provides an opportunity for additional public input from industry, academia, regulatory agencies, and the public-at-Iarge. The use of an addenda system will allow revisions made in response to public review or committee actions to be published as required.
This standard, which is the result of extended and careful consideration of available knowledge and experience on the subject, is intended to provide minimum requirements that are recommended for use, adoption, enforcement by federal, state and local authorities and by model codes. 

### It is recommended that this standard 

### be referenced but not incorporated in any statute.
This Standard does not recommend where safety glazing should be used or, when it is used, what type of glazing material should be used. For this information one should consult other codes, standards and manufacturer's information.
Neither the standards committee nor the secretariat feel that this standard is perfect or in its ultimate form. 

### It is recognized that, although safety-glaZing materials are widely used and accepted, new developments are to be expected and revisions ofthe standards are necessary as the art progresses and further experience is gained. This standard is a successor standard tothe 2004e edition. The 2004e standard succeeded those ofthe 

### 1984 (reaffirmed in 

### 1994), 1975, 1972 and 

### 1966 editions.
In order for material to 

### be considered for reference or to continue to be referenced in the ANSI 

### Z97.1 standard, itshall meetthe following criteria:


### 1. The referenced material, including title and date, and the manner in which it is to be utilized shall be specifically identified in the textofANSI 

### Z97.1. 2. The standard or portions of a standard intended to be enforced shall be written in mandatory language. 3. The scope orapplication ofthe reference material shall be clearly described. 4. The referenced material shall not havethe effect of requiring proprietary materials. 5. The standard shall not prescribe a proprietary agency forqualitycontrol ortesting.
For communication with the Committee please refer tothe following page.

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### CORRESPONDENCEWITH ASC Z97 COMMITTEE 

### General. ANSI Codes and Standards are developed and maintained with the intent to represent the consensus of concerned interests. 

### As such, users of this Standard may interact with the Committee by requesting interpretations, proposing revisions, and attending Committee meetings. Correspondence should be addressed to: Secretary, Z97 Main Committee c/oJulia Schimmelpenningh Solutia Inc. 730 Worcester st. Springfield, MA 01151 JCSCHI@Solutia.com 

### Proposing Revisions. Revisions are made periodically to the Standard to incorporate changes that appear necessary or deSirable, as demonstrated by the experience gained from the application ofthe Standard. Approved revisions will be published periodically.
The Committee welcomes proposals for revisions to this Standard. Proposals should be as speCific as possible: citing the paragraph number(s), the proposed wording and a detailed description ofthe reasons forthe proposal. Pertinent documentation should be included. 

### Interpretations. On written request, the ASC Z97 Committee will render an interpretation of any requirement of the Standard. The request for interpretation should be clear and unambiguous. The following format is recommended: Subject: Cite the applicable paragraph number(s) and provide a concise description.
Edition: Cite the edition ofthe Standard for which the interpretation is being requested. Question: Phrase the question as a request for an interpretation ofa specific requirement suitable for general understanding and use, not a request for an approval of a proprietary design orsituation. Requests that are not in the above format may be rewritten by the Committee or its Secretary prior to being answered, which may inadvertently change the intent ofthe original request. The Committee reserves the right to deem certain requests for interpretations as not within its scope orexpertise and refuse to address them. The committee reserves the right to reconsider any interpretation when or if additional information, which might affect that original interpretation, becomes available to the Committee. Persons aggrieved by an interpretation may appeal to the Committee for reinterpretation. The ASC Z97 does not "approve," "certify," "rate," or "endorse," any item, construction, proprietary device, or activity beyond what is addressed in the Standard. 

### Attending Committee Meetings. The ASC Z97 holds meetings that are open to the public. Persons wishing to attend any meeting should contact the Secretary ofthe Committee or www.ANSIZ97.com for meeting information. 

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### v

### Z97.1-2009€2



### DISCLAIMERAND CONDITION OF USE
The Accredited Standards Committee 

### ("ASC") Z97 and its Secretariat, currently the Glazing Industry Secretariat Committee, have developed this recommended safety performance specification and test method for glazing materials through a consensus standards development process the American National Standards Institute has approved. This process brings together volunteers representing varied view points and interests to achieve consensus on safety related issues. While the ASC Z97 and its Secretariat administer the process in accordance with ANSI established rules designed to promote fairness in the development ofconsensus, neither the ASC Z97 nor its Secretariat independently tests, evaluates, orverifies the accuracy ofany information orthe soundness ofanyjudgments contained within the document, ANSI Standard Z97.1.
The ASC Z97, together with its members, affiliates, and its Secretariat, expressly disclaim and shall not be liable for any personal injury, property or other damage of any nature, whether special, indirect, consequential, or compensatory, directly or indirectly resulting from the publication, use of, or reliance upon this document, whether based upon breach of contract, breach ofwarranty, tort (including negligence), strict liability, orotherwise, even ifadvised ofthe possibility ofsuch damages. The foregoing negation ofdamages is a fundamental element ofthe use of the information and data contained herein, and this information and data would not be developed, compiled, and forwarded byASC Z97 toANSI without such limitation.
The ASC Z97, together with its members, affiliates, and its Secretariat, also make no guarantees or warranties, express or implied, including without limitation, any and all warranties concerning the accuracy or completeness ofthe information in the document, its fitness or appropriateness for a particular purpose or use, its merchantability, and its non-infringement ofany third party's intellectual property rights. Together, they make no representations or warranties regarding the information's compliance with any other applicable statute, rule, law, or regulation. Building codes vary from jurisdiction tojurisdiction, and those using this document must consult the most current version of the applicable building code in effect in the jurisdiction where the glazing material is to be installed for restrictions or limitations upon the use of glazing materials tested to this document, ANSI Standard Z97.1. The ASC Z97, together with its members, affiliates, and its Secretariat, disclaim any duty or obligation, except as may be required by established ANSI rules, to update or revise the document based upon provisions ofor changes to the building codes.
In developing this safety performance specification and test method and submitting itto ANSI for approval and publication, neither the ASC Z97, 

### its members, nor its Secretariat is undertaking to render professional or other services for or on behalf of any person or entity. Nor are they undertaking to perform any duty owed by any person or entity to someone else. Those using this document should rely upon their own independent judgment or, as appropriate, seek the advice of competent professionals in determining the exercise of reasonable care in any given circumstances. Neitherthe ASC Z97, its members, nor its Secretariat has any power, nor dothey undertake, to police or enforce compliance with the contents ofthis document. Nor do they list, certify, test, or inspect products, designs, or installations for compliance with this document. Any certification or other statement of compliance with the requirements ofthis document shall not be attributable to ASC Z97 and is solely the responsibility of the certifier or maker of this statement.



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### Z97.1-2009€2

This standard was processed and approved for submittal to ANSI by the Accredited Standards Committee 297. Committee approval of the standard does not necessarily imply that all committee members voted for its approval. At the time the ASC 297 approved this standardl 

### the ASC 297 had the following members:
Kevin Olah l 

### Chair Julia Schimmelpenningh l 

### Secretary 

### Organization Represented Primary Member Alternate Member 3M Construction Markets Division LAB AGC Flat Glass North America AIMCALWindow Film Committee ANSI Z97.1 Individual Member ANSI Z97.1 Individual Member ANSI Z97.1 Individual Member ANSI Z97.1 Individual Member (Observer) ANSI Z97.1 Individual Member ANSI Z97.1 Individual Member ANSI Z97.1 Individual Member ANSI Z97.1 Individual Member ANSI Z97.1 Individual Member ANSI Z97.1 Individual Member ANSI Z97.1 Individual Member Arch Aluminum and Glass Architectural Testing Inc. Arkema Inc. Atlas Material Testing Technology, LLC Consolidated Glass Corp. DuPont Glass Laminating Products Evonik Cyro LLC Flex-O-Glassl Inc. Glass Association ofNorth America Guardian Industries Corp. HurricaneTest Laboratory LLC Lucite Internationall Inc Oldcastle Glassl Inc. Pilkington North America, Inc. Pilkington PLC Plaskolite Inc. Product Certification Consultants LLC Q Panel Corporation SABIC Innovative Plastics SaftiRrst/O'Keeffe's Inc. Sheffield Plastics Inc. Solutia Inc. Steel Consulting Services Technical Glass Products U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission (Observer) Viracon Inc. Wiss, Janney, ElstnerAssociates Kenneth Smith MarkCody Darrell Smith Robert Brown C. Greg carney Edward Conrath Charles Cumpston Ray Foss Brian Gartner John Kent Debra Levy Scott Norville Julie Ruth John Turnbull Cliff Monroe Scott Swaltek Joseph Mitchell Oscar Cordo carl carmen Valerie Block Darrell Sparks Alfred Hunsicker Urmilla Sowell Kevin Olah Vinu Abraham Rick Gano Richard Wright Chris Barry Thomas Zaremba David Chan GarrettTom Steve Novak Ralph Buoniconti Jeff Griffiths Karl Weicking Julia Schimmelpenningh Kate Steel Jerry Razwick Thomas caton Jack Foushee William Nugent James Mannix Greg Feathers Vickie Lovell n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a Max Perlstien Tom DeMain Richard Slomko Louis Marryman Serge Molinari Harold Warp Sara Neiswanger Henry Gorry Jose Colon Robert Williams R. Herrington Timothy Ling Steven Grossman Tammy Rucker Kelly O'Keeffe Dan Laporte Aaron Jackson Mark Kumagai Brian Louks Robert Hannen



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vii

### Z97.1-20091i:2

Steering 

### Committee

## Mezg7 Kevin Olah, Chair Julia Schimmelpenningh, Secretary Mark

### Cody John Kent John Turnbull Richard Wright

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### TableofContents

1 Scope, Purpose, and Limitations
................. 111 •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••

### 3 1.1 Scope

..................................................................................................................3 1.2 Purpose

...............................................................................................................3 1.3 Limitations

...........................................................................................................3 2 Referenced Standards
.............................................................................................................................................5 

### 3 Definitions
..............................................................................................................7 4 Specimensto Be

### Tested
..........................................................................................9 4.1 Condition ofSpecimens

.........................................................................................9 4.2 Thickness ofSpecimens

........................................................................................9 4.3 Size Classification ofSpecimens

........................................................................... 10 4.4 Specimens for ImpactTests

................................................................................ 10 4.5 Specimens for 

### Boil Test

....................................................................................... 11 4.6 Specimens for Weathering Tests

.......................................................................... 11 4.7 Specimens for Modulus and HardnessTests

.......................................................... 11 

### 5 TestSpecifications

.................................................................................................12 5.1 ImpactTest.

...................................................................................................... 12 5.2 Center Punch Fragmentation Test

........................................................................26 5.3 Boil Test for Laminated Glass

..............................................................................27 5,4 Weathering Tests for Laminates, Organic-Coated Glass and Plastics

........................ 27 6 Marking ofSafet:y 

### Glazing Material
......................................................................37 6.1 Label Content.

....................................................................................................37 6.2 Application ofLabel.

...........................................................................................37 6.3 Special Application Labeling

.................................................................................38 7 ANNE-X.......................................•...........................................................................39 8 APPENDIX...........................................................•...........•.••..................................40 Al. General

.............................................................................................................40 A2. Safe Performance Criteria 

### (Seesection 5.1.2)

.......................................................40 A3. Development ofHuman Engineering Data Chart

....................................................40 A4. Interpretation ofResults 

### (See section 5.1.4)

.........................................................42**----------------~----,----.~.--** 

# ..

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### 1

### Z97.1-2009£2


### TableofFigures Figure 1: ImpactTest Structure

.......................................................................................... 13 Figure 2: ImpactTest Frame

- Front View

........................................................................... 14 Figure 2.1: Detail ofSection A-A PROPERLY Clamped Test Specimen

..................................... 15 Figure 2.2: Detail ofSection A-A IMPROPERLY Clamped Test Specimen

................................. 15 Figure 3: ImpactTest Frame

- Side View

............................................................................ 16 Figure 4: ImpactTest Frame

- Bent Glazing

- Front View

..................................................... 17 Figure 4.1: Detail ofSection B-B

.......................................................................................... 18 Figure 4.2: Detail ofSection C-C

.......................................................................................... 18 Figure 4.3: Detail ofSection D-D

........................................................................................ 19 Figure 5: Bent Glass ImpactTest Frame (Exploded View)

...................................................... 19 Figure 6: ImpactTest Frame

- Bent Glazing

- Side View

........................................................ 20 Figure 7: Impactor

.............................................................................................................22 Figure A1: Human Engineering Data

....................................................................................41



### Table ofTables
Table 1: Grouping ofTests for Safety Glazing Materials

..........................................................9 Table 2: Applicable Interpretation ofResults for Shot Bag Impact

........................................ 25 Table 

### Xl: Reference Standards

...........................................................................................39

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### Z97.1-2009€2 

# American National Standard for Safety Glazing Materials Used in Buildings - Safety Performance Specifications and MethodsofTest

1.1 

## Scope. This standard establishes the specifications and methods of test for the safety properties of safety glazing materials (glazing materials designed to promote safety and reduce the likelihood ofcutting and piercing injuries when the glazing materials are broken by human contact) as used for all building and architectural purposes. 

## 1.2 Purpose. The purpose of this standard is to prescribe the minimum safety performance characteristics of safety glazing materials. This standard affords a basis for; (1) safety standards for adoption in regulations by federal, state, and local regulatory bodies; and (2) for use by building code offiCials, architects, designers, specifiers and others as a reference standard. Approval of a material under this standard constitutes acceptance of its safety characteristics and the retention ofthose characteristics. 

### It is notto be construed as appraisal of

### its durability orappearance as a glazing material. 

### 1.3 

## Limitations. 1.3.1 Conformance of a material to this standard demonstrates minimum acceptable safetycharacteristics ofthe material in use. 1.3.2 While this Standard relates to the minimum safety performance property test criteria for safety glazing materials, the lowest classification level herein per section 

### 5.1.2 has NOT been accepted by all jurisdictions (e.g. CPSC 

### 16 CFR 

### 1201, building codes, etc
...) as "safe performance" for unrestricted human impact accident modes. Therefore Class C herein applies to glazing material acceptable by the authority having jurisdiction thateither: (1) 

### has restricted human impact accident modes in application; orthat (2) has a combination of minimal impact characteristics with a fire safety function other than energetic human impact alone.

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### 3

### 1.3.3 Conformance ofa materialtothis standard is notto 

## be construed as an appraisal ofits strength, durabilityorappearance as a glazing material, nor does this standard specify situations in which safety-glazing materials should be used. 1.3.4 This standard does not address the methods used for the installation of safety glazing materials. 1.3.5 Acondition ofconformance ofa material tothis standard is its uniform production so that it will consistently exhibit these safety characteristics. 1.3.6 Monolithic annealed glass, monolithic heat strengthened glass, monolithic chemically strengthened glass and monolithic fire rated wired glass are not considered safety glazing materials under this standard.



# ,---,---------­ (C) Copyright 2009 Accredited Standards Committee (ASC) Z97 (all rights reserved), ANSI Z97,1-200ge Purci'las(:,djDovvn\oacied IJn 5/19/2012 9:17 ,1l,rv1 by

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### Z97.1-2009£2

This standard is intended for use in conjunction with the cited editions ofthe following standards (see ANNEX Xl for edition year): ASTM Cl036, Standard Specification for Flat Glass!.
ASTM C1048 Standard Specification for Heat-Treated Flat Glass

- Kind HS, Kind FT, Coated and Uncoated Glassl

. ASTM Cl172 Standard Specification for Laminated Architectural Flat Glass!.
ASTM C1349 Standard Specification forArchitectural Flat Glass Clad Polycarbonate1• ASTM C1464 Standard Specification for Bent Glass1• ASTM 0618 Standard Practice for Conditioning Plastics forTestingl

, ASTM 0756 Practice for Determination of Weight and Shape Changes of Plastics under Accelerated Service Conditions!,
ASTM 0785 Standard Test Method for Rockwell Hardness of Plastics and Electrical Insulating Materials1

, ASTM 0790 Standard Test Methods for Flexural Properties 

### of Un-reinforced and Reinforced Plastics and Electrical Insulating Material 1

, ASTM 0883 Standard Terminology Relating to Plastics1

, ASTM 01003 Standard Test Method for Haze and Luminous Transmittance of Transparent Plastics1

, ASTM 01435 Standard Practice for Outdoor Weathering of Plastics!, ASTM 02240 Standard Test Method for Rubber Property-Ourometer Hardness1

, ASTM 02565 Standard Practice for Xenon Arc Exposure of Plastics Intended for Outdoor Applications1• ASTM 06110 Standard Test Methods for Determining the Charpy Impact Resistance of Notched Specimens ofPlastics1

, ASTM E308 Practice for Computing the Colors ofObjects by Using the OE System1

,

1 ASTM, International. 100 Barr Harbor Olive, West Conshohocken, PA



### © Copyright 2009 Accredited Standards Committee (ASC) Z97 (all rights reserved), ANSI Z97.1-2009< Purchaseri/DovI'niol'lded on 9: 17**A.~·1** by

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### 5Z97.1-2009E:2



### ASTM E313 Standard Practice for Calculating Yellowness and Whiteness Indices from Instrumentally Measured Color Coordinates!. ASTM G155 Standard Practice for Operating Xenon Arc Light Apparatus for Exposure of NonMetallic Materials!
. Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC) 16 Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) Part 1201 Safety Standard for Architectural Glazing Materials2 • 

### ISO 4892.2 Plastics - Methods of Exposure to Laboratory Light Sources - Part 2 Xenon Arc Sources3 •

2 United States Code ofFederal Regulations: title 16, volume 2; superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC 20402, United States. 3International Organization for Standardization (ISO) Geneva Switzerland 

# ._-----,,------"



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### 6

### Z97.1-2009€2

asymmetric material. Glazing in which component layers of its construction makeup are different in thickness, kind, type or pattern texture about its interlayer and/or central plane surface.


### bentglass. Flat glass that has been shaped while hot into a form that has curved surfaces. 

### bubble. Avisible gas pocket in the interlayer material or in the plastic glazing sheet material, or between the interlayer and another layer ofglass or plastic glazing sheet material. 

### cracking. The visible breaking, splitting or fissuring, either partially or completely through the thickness ofan individual layer ofmaterial. 

### crack-freepartide. A portion ofa broken test specimen that is determined by identifying the smallest possible perimeter around all points in the portion ofthe broken test specimen, always passing along un-separated cracks orexposed surfaces. 

### crazing. The visible breaking, splitting or fissuring of a material, typically patterned with a network of fine lines that do not penetrate through the thickness of an individual layer of material. 

### delamination. A condition in which one of the glass or plastiC glazing sheet material layers loses its bond to an interlayer and separates physically. 

### disc%ration. A visibly noticeable chemical or process induced color deviation in the appearance ofa material. 

### fire-resistant wiredglass. Flat transparent ortranslucent soda lime silicate glass which has an interconnected steel wire mesh, incorporated in the glass during its manufacturing process. To 

### be considered as fire resistant, this product shall 

### be covered by an appropriate listing body and when installed shall 

### be labeled accordingly. 

### laminatedglazing. A manufactured assembly consisting ofat least one sheet ofglass bonded to at least one other sheet of glass or plastiC glazing material with an organic interlayer. Note: when broken, numerous cracks appear, but glass fragments tend to adhere tothe interlayer. See ASTM 

### Cl172foradditional information. 

### 2-p/yglass Jaminates. A laminated glass consisting of two sheets of glass bonded togetherwith an interlayer. 

### multi-plyglass laminates. A laminated glass consisting of more than two layers of glass and/or plastic glazing sheet material bonded together by interlayers, where both of theouter surfaces are glass.**---------------------->,~.-.-** 

# ..**---.----------~-** 

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### 7

### Z97.1-2009e2


### glass/plastic

### laminates. A laminated glass consisting of one or more layers ofglass and one or more layers of plastic glazing sheet material bonded together with one or more interlayer(s) in which the plastic surface faces inward when the glazing is installed in a structure. 

### mirrol'S. Architectural glazing materials whose intended use is based on their reflective quality. These materials are composed of a reflective surface and may have a substrate of glass! or plastic. 

### organk-coated

### glass. An assembly conSisting of a sheet of glass covered on one or both surfaces with either: (1) an adhesive-applied organic film or sheeting! or (2) an applied coating. When broken numerous cracks appear! but the glass fragments tend to adhere to the applied organic material. 

### plasticglazingmaterial A single sheet ofsynthetic plastic material! a combination oftwo or more such sheets laminated together! or a combination of plastic material and reinforcement material in the form of fibers or flakes. This material contains as an essential ingredient an organic substance of large molecular weight; is solid in its finished state; and! at some stage in its manufacture or in its processing into finished articles! can be shaped by flow. See ASTM C1349 for additional information. 

### safetyglazing materials. Glazing materials so constructed! treated! or combined with other materials that! if broken by human contact! the likelihood of cutting or piercing injuries that might result from such contact is reduced. 

### tempered glass. (also known as a toughened glass). Glass of any shape that has been subjected to a thermal treatment process characterized by uniform heating followed by rapid uniform cooling to produce compressively stressed surface layers. See ASTM C1048 for additional requirement information.

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### Z97.1-2009E2



### Table 1: Grouping ofTests forSafetyGlazing Materials Glazing Typal



### Test 

# sa ftI 

### c c·­ ._ N 

### E.!! 

# .3"

# ~Ia lftl Ea

### ~ 

# '2 i III ftI"" III**~ftIftI** 0­ 

# ou" ul:n 

# i C ftI 

### 'iii _ftI 

### A.a 

# ..., C

## ~;'Ila 

# u:**.~** 

# it :; ell: I

Impact Test 5.1 Center Punch Fragmentation 

### Boil

• ! Weathering

Indooraging

• ! Hardness Test

### 5.2
Test 

### 5.3
Test 5 

### 4
Test 

### 5.4.3
Test

### 4.7 5.1.4 (3) X



## Xl )(",5 X 

## X2 X

)(",5

X X



## X

5
X**~** X

, I

Modulus Test

### 4.7 5.1.4 (3)**~**

1 Bent and mirror glazing shall be tested in accordance with requirements ofthe base-glazing product; see section 4.4 2 Center Punch Fragmentation test is used to evaluate the fracture pattem of tempered glass specimens that do not break during impacttest ofsection

### U. 3 Excludes glass/plastic laminates 4 Weathering tests on laminated and organic coated glasses shall be performed on the thinnest construction ofall components in clear glass with clear plastics. 5 Products intended for indoor use onlyare not subjecttoweathering test. 6 Only required ifbreakage occurs under impact


## 4.1 Condition ofSpecimens. Tests shall 

### be applied to specimens as shipped by the manufacturer and shall be representative ofcommercial production, except that any protective masking material shall be removed prior to test. 

## 4.2 Thickness ofSpecimens. The thickness of the specimens to be tested shall 

### be measured and recorded along with the nominal thickness in accordance with accepted industry practice (for glass as set forth in ASTM CI036 or other national or international standards.). No manufacturer shall mark or advertise as

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### 9

### Z97.1-2009E2
passing the tests, described in this standard, any product ofdifferent nominal thickness than that ofthe specimens passing the tests. 

## 4.3 Size Classification ofSpecimens. A description of impact specimens to be tested as required for size classification as set forth below: 

### Unlimited Size (U) 34 inches by 76 inches, 

### ± 0.125 (1/8) inch (863 mm by 1930 mm, 

### ± 3 mm) 

### Limited Size (l) Appropriate to Manufacturer, Largest size commercially produced by the manufacturer less than 34 inches by 76 inches, 

### ± 1/8 inch (863 mm by 1930 mm, 

### ± 3 mm). Minimum specimen size: 16 inches by 30 inches, 

### ± 1/8 inch (406 mm by 762 mm, 

### ± 3 mm).
No manufacturer submitting specimens that are in the Limited Size Classification shall mark or advertise as passing the tests, described in this standard, any product with either dimension greater than those ofthe specimens passing thetests.


## 4.4 Specimens for ImpactTests. For impact test (see section 

### 5.:..1.) of any safety glazing material, four specimens, each of the thickness and size described in sections 4.2 and 4.3 respectively, shall be required. If the test specimens are ofan asymmetric material, two shall be impacted from each side.
For impact test after aging (see section 5.4.4) of safety glazing materials used in indoor applications, four specimens, each of the thickness and size described in sections 4.2 and 4.3 respectively, shall be required. Ifthe test specimens are of an asymmetric material two shall 

### be impacted from each side.
For mirror glazing products using either reinforced or non-reinforced organic adhesive backing material, four specimens each with the backing material applied, of the thickness and size described in sections 4.2 and 

## 1.J. respectively, shall 

### be required. The specimens shall be impacted only on the non-reinforced side and with no other material applied.
Bent glass test methods shall be the same as for flat sample testing except as referenced in the text and figures ofthis standard (See 

### Figure!,.!r..l, !,l,

## Y 5. and

## A). For unlimited size (U) classification of bent glass, 34 in x 76 in (864 mm x 1930 mm) specimens with a simple arcshaped bend of40 inches (1016 mm) shall be tested. Interpretation of results shall be the same. 

### SeeASTM C1464 foradditional information. 

### Note: Where projectspecIfic requirements orlimitations in production**exis~** othershapes and sizesmay

### betestedandclassifiedaslimited(L).



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## 4.5 Specimensfor Boil Test. For boil test (see section .s..J) 

### three specimens, each 12 inches by 12 inches, representative of commercial production and of identical manufacture and nominal thickness as submitted for impact testing (see section 4.4), shall be required.



## 4.6 SpecimensforWeatheringTests. For weathering tests (see section 5.4), specimens as described in sections 4.6.1 and 4.6.2, representative of commercial production and of like thickness as submitted for impact testing (see section 4.4), shall be required. 

### 4.6.1 Plastic Glazing Material. One un-backed panel, a minimum 6 inches by 6 inches (152 mm by 152 mm), shall be exposed. One additional un-backed panel, a minimum 6 inches by 6 inches (152 mm by 152 mm), shall be kept in darkness and used as a control. NOTE: Aminimum offivespecimens, each 0.5inch by

### 5 inches

### (12.7mmby

### 127mm), isnecessaryforthe CharpyImpact Test(ASTMD6110). Alternatepanelsizesmay

### beused providedthatenough materialexists 

### to cuta totalof five specimensafterexposure. Edgesshallbe trimmedfram exposed panelsprior

### to cutting specimens to minimize edge effects. Formaterialssuspectedof beinganisotropic, the direction ofoneaxis shallbemarkedan each**pane~** andallspecimensshallbecutin thesamedirection.



### 4.6.2 Laminated Glass and Organic-Coated Glass. Six specimens, each, a minimum of 2 inches by 6 inches (SO mm by 152 mm) shall be prepared. Three specimens shall be exposed and three shall be kept in darkness and used as controls.



## 4.7 Specimensfor Modulusand HardnessTests 4.7.1 Specimens for Flexural Modulus. The specimen dimensions are dependent on the thickness of the material and the span distance capabilities of the testing machine. The dimensions shall meet the requirements of ASTM 

### 0790 for flatwise tests. For common plastic glazing thicknesses and common testing machine capabilities, specimens 0.5 inch (12.7 mm) wide and 5 inches (127 mm) long can meet the requirements. Decreased width and/or increased length may 

### be needed in some cases to meet the span to depth ratiO, span towidth ratio and span to length requirements ofthe standard.



### 4.7.2 Specimensfor Rockwell Hardness. The specimens shall be at least 1 inch (25 mm) square and at least 1/4 inch (6 mm) thick. Materials less than 

### 0.25 inch (6 mm) thick may 

### be stacked provided thatthe precautions noted in ASTM 

### 0785 are met.



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### Z97.1-2009£2



## 5.1 ImpactTest. Required specimens shall be tested as submitted except that any protective masking or protective material shall be removed prior to the test. Any applied coating integral to the specimens shall not be removed. The specimens shall be conditioned to a uniform test temperature between 

### 65°F and 

### 85°F (18°C and 

### 29°C) for at least 4 hours with separation to permit free air circulation.



### 5.1.1 Apparatus. The test apparatus shall consist ofa test frame and an impactor system. The test frame consists ofa main frame mounted on two base beams with stiffening members and a sub-frame, in which the specimen is held. The impactor system consists of the impactor, traction, release, and suspension devices. 

### (1) Main Frame. The main frame shall 

### be constructed to minimize movement, deflection, twisting or racking of its members during testing. For this purpose, the structural framing members shall be steel angles 

### 3 inches by 

### 5 inches by 

### 0.25 inch 

### (76 mm by 

### 127 mm by 

### 6 mm) or other sections and materials of equal or greater rigidity. The main frame shall be welded or securely bolted atthe corners and braced as shown in 

### Figure 1, Figure 2 and Figure3. The main frame is mounted 

### to a rigid floor and/or walt Horizontal members made of steel sections connect the main frame to a rigid wall. The base beams are connected to the main frame by diagonal members of steel sections (see 

### Figure 1, FigUre 2 and FigUre 3). Attach the two base beams ofthe main frame to a concrete base or floor using bolts 

### M16 or equivalent. Internal dimensions of main frame4 

### (FigUre 2) shall be: Internal width: 

### 33.25 inches 

### ±0.2 inch 

### (835 mm 

### ±5 mm) Internal height: 

### 75.25 inches 

### ± 0.2 inch 

### (1902 mm 

### ±5 mm)

4 The internal dimensions ofthe main frame shall be 1.1 inch (28 mm)

### J$s than unlimited-size (34 inches by 76 inches [863 mm by 1930 mm]) specimen dimensions.

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### Z97.1-2009€2



### AlternateChannel Mounting 

## Holes

Impactor

Sub-Frame

Figure 1: ImpactTestStructure

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### Z97.1-2009€2

S'MVELATTACHMENT LOCATEATVERT'ICAL CEN'TER1.N!OFlEST 

## /

__w MIN. 

### MIJVEHORIZON1l No. CENTERLINE.



# ..

..



# ..



# ..**~::a~** MNJ8t



# ..

..

..

.1 

# .. ••••••**~** 

# •

.. ..

# .

.. 

# ..

' .. 

# fA .. 

# ..

# \ 1\ 

# '1\'**~**\

..**~**



# .. •



# .. ..

WIDTHOF 

# r18



# A1**~A<** :rERNATE

8M;

NOTE:



### TE8TSPEClaEN

_ SUBFRAME MEMBERS 

### FORTESTINBSPECIMENS AI I PR1'HMI34"X

### 7ft'



### 0UTER8U&PIWE NOTSHOWN



### Figure 2: ImpactTest Frame - FrontView

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### 14

### STEELANGLE L5X3X!a

### THK

INNER 

### SUB-FRAME j-MIN. 

### TEST METALSHIMSTO SPECIMEN 

### PROVIDENOMORE

### ~::=::D=-_=~=====$-- THAN 15% RUBBER '- COMPRESStoN (BASEDONTHICKNESS 

### OFOLASS)

Figure 2.1: Detail ofSection A-A 

### PROPERLY Clamped TestSpecimen {>1/8 inch (3 mm»



# 5·

TEST SPECIMEN

Figure 2.2: Detail ofSection A-A 

### IMPROPERLY Clamped Test Specimen {>1/8 Inch (3 mm»

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### 15

### Z97.1-2009€2

erMIN.

NOMORETHAN 

### rWHEN



### BAG IS HANGINGFREE

lEST 

### SPECIMEN 

### BOLT SECURELY TO FLOOR ;------ 38"

### MIN.------eoI


### CONCRETEWALL STEB.BEAM

OROllER

STURDY 

### CONSTRUCTION



### o

ALTERNATEMEANS OFBRACINGTEST 

### FRAME. 

### USEONE BRACEATEACH 

### VERTICALMEMBER

# ~1-~---38"MIN.----~ .....--------8O'"MIN.-------"'I
Figure3: ImpactTest Frame- SideView

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### CASe) Z97 (all rights reserved), ANSI Z97.1-2009" on 5/19/20:29:17AM by Consumer ProduCts Safety C'Jmrnisslon USA Pursuant to License Agreement, no further duthorized. 

### 16

### Z91.1-2009E2

8WNELATTACHMENT LOCATIATVI!RTICH. CENTERLINEOFTEST 

## /

____w MIN. N!IIJVE HORIZCJN1j N. 

### CENT'EAIJNE.



### •

# :..:c~MINUSJ
# re • 

## •

•

•

•



## • •

.1 

## • •••••• 

# •

• 

### • 

# • 

# · •


# r • • 

## •

# \ 1\

"

# \"**~**

# 1\

• 

### i;­



## • • • •

.L WIDTH OF 

# ..

11 TH18 PORI1ON OF TESTFRAME NOTREQUIRED IF SWlVELATTACHMENT 18MOUNTEDON 

### 8EFMATECON8TRUCTION

# k~U3 9 NOTE: OUTER8\JB.FRAME NOTSHOWN

TEST8PEOIIEN

_ TESTSPECIMEN

### MNJe-, DIt.EN8ION10MATCHWIDTH OF MINUS,­ 

# [ (FOREXAMPLE:A34-X7f1'



## ......

001----------,.. 

# I

...... SAMPLEWlTHA4f1'RADIUS BEN) WOULDHAVEACHORD LENGTH OF

## az.r. THEREFOAE

## az.r-

## o:nr·82.1f') 

### Figure4: ImpactTest Frame- BentGlazing- FrontView

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### 17

### Z97.1-2009£2


# 1 STEELANGLE 

### L5X3X!"THK 

# 5"**S.X~"** INNER 8 .. 

### SUB-FRAME NEOPRENE STRIPS·· , DUROMETER HARDNESS: " 30-50 SHORE "A"

# .J:~"--I---+..-.I..--r--'w._ ....

# t

....... 3- MIN. TESTSPECIMEN- \

____ 'a...--"''--r-----, ,­

# 1~" MIN. 

## t OUTER I 

### SUB-FRAME 

# I

# .~ 2" MIN.­
Figure 4.1: Detail ofSection B-B

MAINFRAME



### NEOPRENESTRI - TESTSPECIMEN

... RADIUS SUPPORTBLOCK



### Figure 4.2: Detail ofSection C-C



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### 18

### Z97.1-2009<E2



### Figure 4.3: Detail ofSection D-D**~====~~M~F~** 

## Radius 

## SUpport Block 

# -:-:

# ::.-:-:

# ::.- ..

# - 

# ..**~** 

# ..-.._. l

Radius SUb Frame
Side SUb Frame

Test Specimen

Figure5: BentGlass ImpactTestFrame (Exploded View)**-----.-~---.---.** @ Copyright 2009 Accredited Standards Committee (ftSC) Z97 (all rights reserved), ANSI Z97.1-2009" Purchased/Dr)\;·mloarJed on 5/19/2012 9:17 ,A.M by

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### 19

### Z97.1-2009E2



### CONCRETEWALL 

### 8TEB.BEAM

OROTHER



### SlURDY CONSTRUCTION



### 8O"MIN. ALTERNATEMEANS OF BRACINGTEST 

### FRAME. USEONE 

### BRACEATEACH 

### VER11CALMEMBER

CENTERLINE OF

### 'TEST NOMOREntAN 

### SPECIMEN rWHEN BAG IS 

### HANGING FREE



### ;--------- 80" MlN.-------....-.j

Figure 6: ImpactTest Frame - BentGlazing - Side View 

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### 20

### Z97.1-2009E2



### (2) Sub-frame. (Test Specimen Mounting Frame). 

### (See Figure 

### 1 and 

### Figure 2)The sub-frame for securing the specimens on all four edges consists of two parts made from wood or other material which is hard enough to withstand the pressure exerted by the clamping forces. Each part shall be provided with a groove or rebate in which a strip ofelastomeric rubber is laid; the specimen shall only contactthe elastomeric rubber strips. The inner sub-frame 

### (FigUre 2.1 and 

### FigUre 

### 2.2), which is in contact with the specimen, is 2­ inches by 0.75 inch (50 mm by 19 mm) minimum. The outer part of the sub-frame holds the specimen and is 2 inches by 1.5 inches (50 mm by 38 mm) minimum. The sub-frame is fixed to the main frame by at least twelve bolts (M10 bolts, scissors clamps or equivalent). These shall be fixed atthe points marked on 

### Figure 1 and 

### Figure 

### 2, with no fewer than two on any edge and spaced no more than 18 inches (450 mm) apart. To provide and limit elastomeric rubber compression and avoid sub-frame distortion, noncompressible shims appropriate to glazing thickness shall be used to separate the inner and outer parts ofthe sub-frame (See 

### FigUre 

### 2.1). The elastomeric rubber strip, the only element of the sub frame that the test specimen shall come into contact with, shall be 0.8 inch (20 mm) wide by 0.4 inch (10 mm) thick and have a Shore-A hardness of 40 ± 10. 

### (ASTM D2240, Standard Test Method for Rubber Property

- Durometer Hardness). NOTE: Modifications thatclearlydo notalterthe function orperformance ofthe main frame orsub-frame are acceptable. Anyreasonable means may

### be used

### to secure the sub-frame to the main frame provided themountingissecureandthepressure on theglazingspecimenin thesub-frameiscontrolled. 

### (3) Impactor. The impactor shall consist of the leather bag described in 

### Figure 

### 7, a commercial punching bagS with its bladder left in place, or any other leather bag of nominally identical shape and size. The bag shall be filled with lead shot of 2.4 mm + 0.1 mm diameter (nominal USA No. 71/2 or European No. 7 lead shot) and taped. After filling with lead shot, the top shall be either pulled over the metal sleeve and tied with a cord; or twisted around the threaded eyebolt shaft and tied below the metal sleeve, 

## or both. To reduce bag damage during testing, the exterior of the leather bag surface shall be completely covered with glass filament reinforced pressure sensitive polyester adhesive tape6, 0.5 inch to 0.6 inch (12 mm to 15 mm) in width and 0.006 inch (0.15 mm) thick. Tape the entire bag, using three (3) rolls or 180 yards (165 m) total length, and taping in a diagonal-overlapping manner. Tape the neck of the bag separately, with additional glass filament reinforced tape ofthe same kind. The total mass ofthe impactor assembly shall be 100 Ib +4 oz (45.4 kg + 0.2 kg), excluding traction system attachments.

5 Such as 9 inch (229 mm) diameter by 14 inch (356 mm) high Everlast 4207 (raw, full grain 3 ounce (85 grams) cowhide) or Everlast 4212 (split 3 ounce (85 grams) cowhide) available from Everlast Sports, Bronx, New York, USA. These are trade names. This information is given forthe convenience of

### users and does not constitute an endorsement ofany product named. Equivalent products may be used ifthey can be shown to lead to the same results. 6 Such as 3M No. 898 (a trade name), or equal. (See footnoteS regarding trade name).



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### 21

### Z97.1-2009E2

To reduce bag deformation during testing, the bag shall 

### be rotated about the axis of its suspension device before each specimen or sample set, by no less than 30 degrees, and by no more than 90 degrees.
NOTE: To reduce bag damage during testing, a thin homogeneous ornon-wovenplastic film no more than 0.005 inch (0.13 mm) thick or a loosely draped woven cloth towel weighing no more than 0.05 gjcm2 (0.0113 oz./in2) shallnot

### be attached

### to the impactor, butrathermay

### be suspended verticallyin front of thesurface ofthespecimen ata distanceno more than 0.4inch (10mm). The impactor shape shall be maintained constant during testing. To reduce visible deformation of the impactor, itshall be removed from the suspension device and pummeled with a rubber mallet into itsapproximate original shape.

THREADED EYEOR SWIVELFI1TING REMOVE**HAHGlNG~**

STRAP 

### 11-CIA.X 1-LONG STEELSLEEVE WORM-DRIVE (SERESOFSTEEL HOSEaAMP WASHERSMAVBEUSED)**INSTALLBEFORE~** BAG ISTAPED



### i"CIA. (ORLARGER) THREADED FU BAGWITH LEADSHOT STEELROD



## soTHATTOTALWEIGHT" OFAS8EM8lV IS 100 

### oz ".

COVERENTlRESURFACE OFBAG

## WJTtt-WIDE GlASSFILAMENTREINFORCEl)--" PRE88URESENSfTtVETAPE "

TAPENECKSEPARATELV



### 0PT10NAI.4- RADIUS

_

ONWASHEREDGE 1'0PREVENTTEARING

EYE NUTFOR UFTING BRlDL.C' (SEEFIG.2)


### Figure 7: Impactor



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### 22

# --------------------------------------- (4)Suspension Device. The impactor is suspended by means ofa single, stranded steel cable, approximately 0.125 inch (3 mm) diameter, from an upper swivel-fixture above the head ofthe main frame at an elevation of which the minimum distance between the swivel-fixture and impactor centerline is 60 inches (1,524 mm). The upper swivel-fixture must be rigid to ensure the point of suspension remains stationary. The lower swivel(s) or equivalent shall be provided on the bag for rotation ofthe impactor about its suspension device axes between impact events. When at rest, the surface of the impactor, at it's maximum diameter, shall be located no more than 2 inches (51 mm) from the surface of the specimen and no more than 2 inches (51 mm) from the center ofthe specimen. 

### (5)Traction and Release System. Atraction system shall be used which enables the impactor to be brought into its launch poSition. The launch poSition depends on the drop height selected. The traction cable is connected to the impactor traction system by a release mechanism, with provisions for rotating the impactor.
To position the impactor at the selected drop height, a traction force shall be applied to raise the impactor such that the axis of the impactor shall be aligned with the suspension cable, with the cable remaining taut. To ensure this, the top and bottom ends of the impactor shall be connected to the release device by a suitable link.



### 5.1.2 

### ImpactClassification. Glazing materials shall be submitted for impacttesting to a selected drop height class.



### 5.1.2.1 Drop HeightClass. Glazing materials conforming to this standard are classified by their performance under the impact test atthe selected drop height.

Class 

### A

- glazing material that complies with the requirements of section 5.1.4 when tested by the procedure of section 

### 5...1.,1 at a drop height between 48 inches and 48.5 inches (1219 mm and 1232 mm) using an impact specimen appropriate to the size classification. Class B

- glazing material that complies with the requirements of section 5.1.4 when tested by the procedure ofsection.2..U at a drop height of between 18 inches and 18.5 inches (457 mm and 470 mm) using an impact specimen appropriate to the size classification. Class C

- shall apply only for fire-resistant wired glass. 

### It is a material that complies with the requirements of section 5.1.4 when tested 

### by the procedure of section 5.1.3 at a drop height of between 12 inches and 12.5 inches (305 mm and 318 mm) using an impact specimen size of34 inches by 76 inches (863 mm by 1930 mm).

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### 23

## 5.1.2.2 Drop HeightQualification. Glazing material qualified for classification at the higher impact drop height level "Class A", shall be deemed to comply with the lower impact drop height level "Class 8".



### 5.1.3 

### Procedure. (1) Place and center each specimen in the sub-frame so each edge is encased in the elastomeric rubber strip to a depth of at least 0.4 inch (10 mm). With the specimen mounted, the elastomeric rubber strip shall not be compressed by more than 15% of its thickness. For bolts, torque shall be 15 ft·lb. 

### + 4 ft·lb (20Nm+ 5Nm). (2) Select a drop height classification from section 5.1.2.1. Rotate the impactor as required. Raise the impactor to the selected drop height intended for classification and stabilize it. At the selected drop height, the suspension device shall be taut and the axes ofthe impactorand cable shall be in line. (3) The impactor, stabilized in the launch position in a vertical plane normal to the test specimen, is released and falls without initial velocity or axial rotation. At least one impact shall occur on each test specimen. Unbroken specimens may be reused for higher classification impact testing. (4) Classify the test specimen according to the Glazing Types in Table 2. Inspect each test specimen after impact and record and report whether it complied or did notcomply with the Applicable Interpretation of Results contained in Table 2. Ifclassified as Tempered Glass, open the sub frame to allow any particles to be released and fall free. (5) 

### Ifany of the required specimens fail to comply with the requirements ofsection 5.1.4, the material shall not be classified for impact. (6) For asymmetriC materials, the test shall 

### be carried out on both sides using equal numbers ofseparate specimens. (7) When the required number ofspecimens are impacted and inspected, report the impact classification as described in section 

## s.,.u. If all specimens tested by impact either do not break, or break according to the requirements of section 5.1.4, the glazing material shall be classified as described in section 5.1.2, atthe impact level tested. Classification shall comprise the word "Class", followed by a letter designation ("A" or "8" or "C") for drop height class. (8) 

### If it is required to test the material to a higher impact classification level, repeat the test on the required number of undamaged specimens ofthe same material at the higher impact level. At the fabricator's discretion, previously tested but unbroken specimens may be used for higher impact classification testing.

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(9) Each specimen of bent glass will be impacted on the convex surface at the center ofthe specimen perpendicular 

### to the frame from the selected drop height 

### (see Figure

### 6).
Note: The convexsurface is testeddue

### to the realistic constraints ofthe testset-up in impacting the concave surface. Additionally, as ofthe date ofthispublication no data was available that showedonesurfaceismore orlesslikelytobreakdun"ngimpact. 

### Table 2: Applicable InterpretationofResults for Shot Bag Impact

Interpretation of Results Laminated Glass Tempered Glass Plastic Glazing Organic Coated Glass Fire Resistant

Wired Glass 5.1.4(1) 

### X X X 5.1.4 (2) 

### X 5.1.4 (3) 

### X 5.1.4 (4) 

### X X X X X



### 5.1.4 InterpretationofResults. Evaluation after impact shall occur whether the spedmen remains fully engaged in the frame, partially engaged in the frame, or is entirely disengaged from the frame. A glazing material shall be judged to pass the impact test ifanyone ofthe applicable criteria below is met by each ofthe required number ofimpact specimens tested.
(1) When breakage occurs with appearance of numerous cracks and fissures, but remains substantially in one piece and no tear or shear or opening develops within the vertical specimens through which a 3.0 inch (76 mm) diameter sphere can pass using a horizontally applied force of4.0 lb. (18 N) or less. (2) When breakage occurs, the 10 largest crack-free particles shall be selected within 5 minutes subsequent to the impact and shall weigh no more than the equivalent weight of 10 square inches (640 square millimeters) of the original specimen. For purposes of impact test evaluation when breakage occurs, the average thickness of a tempered glass specimen containing grooves, bevels, or other thickness altering fabrication shall be considered the average of the thinnest measurement of each of the ten (10) geometrically largest crack-free particles. This average thickness will then be used to determine the maximum allowable weight ofthe ten (10) largest crack-free particles.
NOTE: The weightin ounces of10squareinches of glassisequal

### to 14.5times theglass thickness in inches. The weight in grams of 10 square inches ofglass is equal to 

### 412 times the glass thicknessininches

### (16.18grams/mm).

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### 25

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(3) When breakage occurs due to impact, the stiffness and hardness of the specimens shall be determined. A modulus of elasticity (see ASTM 0790) less than 550,000 psi (3.9 Gpa) and a Rockwell hardness (see ASTM 0785) less than Mor R 140 shall indicate satisfactory compliance. (4) The specimen does not break after impact:. 

### See section 

## .5..l for all specimens of tempered glass that do not fracture.


## 5.2 Center Punch FragmentationTest This test is to 

### be performed in addition to the test described in section 5.1. Specimens fortesting shall previously have been tested per section 

## 5...1. SpeCimens temperature shall be between 65°F and 85°F (18.3°C and 29.4°C) prior to testing.



### 5.2.1 Equipment The following equipment is required: (1) A sharp impactor such as a pointed hammer of about 2.65 ounces (75 g) mass, or a spring loaded center punch (such as Starrett No. 18C automatic center punch) orsimilar appliance can 

### be used. (2) A means ofspecimen support consisting ofa flat base with adjustable horizontal curbs to prevent scattering offragments. (3) A calibrated scale suitable for accurately weighing selected particles to the nearest 0.004 ounce (0.1 gram). (4) A calibrated micrometer similar to Starrett No. 230, 0 inch - 1 inch (0 mm to 25 mm ) capable ofmeasuring the thickness ofthe selected specimen 

### I particle.



### 5.2.2 Procedure (1) Place the specimen on the flat base and place the curb lightly along the specimen edges so the sample can elongate slightly yet the fragments remain interlocked. (2) Strike the test specimen 1 inch (25-mm) inboard of the longest edge at its midpoint until fracture occurs.



### 5.2.3 ParticleWeight Determination (1) Within five minutes after fracture collect and weigh the ten (10) largest crackfree particles. In the event any of the ten (10) largest particles cracks after original selection, all pieces shall 

### be weighed. (2) For transparent flat glass, measure the thickness of the largest particle. For patterned glass thickness measurement, see ASTM Cl036 for thickness measurement technique. Record the thickness.

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### 5.2.4 Center Punch Fragmentation Interpretation ofResults (1) The total weight of the ten (10) largest crack-free pieces shall weigh no more than the equivalent weight of 10 square inches (6452 mm2) of the original test sample. (The weight in ounces of 10 square inches of glass is equal 

### to 14.5 times the glass thickness in inches. The weight in grams of 10 square inches of glass is equal 

### to 412 times the glass thickness in inches (16.18 grams/mm». (2) No one particle shall be longerthan 4 inches (102 mm).



### 5.2.5 Ifany ofthe required specimens fail to comply with the requirements ofsection the material shall not be classified for impact.



## 5.3 Boil Testfor Laminated Glass. This test shall be made to determine the probable effect of exposure to high temperature and humidity conditions for a long period oftime.



### 5.3.1 Procedure. Three 12 inch by 12 inch (305 mm x 305 mm) flat specimens, as submitted, shall be immersed, vertically, in water at 150°F 

### ± 10°F (65.6°C 

### ± 6°C) for 3 minutes and then quickly transferred to and simfiarly immersed in boiling water. The specimens shall be kept in the boiling water for 2 hours and then removed.



### 5.3.2 Interpretation ofResults. The glass itself may crack in this test, but no bubbles or other defects shall develop more than 0.5 inch (12 mm) from the outer edge ofthe specimen orfrom any crack that may develop. Any specimen in which the glass cracks 

### to an extent confusing the results shall be discarded without prejudice, and anotherspecimen shall be tested instead.


## 5.4 Weathering Tests for Laminates, Organic-Coated Glass and Plastics. The purpose of these tests is 

### to determine whether these safety-glazing materials will successfully retain their safety characteristics after exposure to weathering conditions for an extended period oftime. The weathering methods described in section 5.4.1 shall be used for all materials subjected to exterior exposure. After weathering, organic-coated glass shall be tested as described in sections 5.4.2.1 and 5.4.2.2; laminates shall be tested as described in sections 5.4.2.1 and 5.4.2.3, and plastiCS shall be tested as described in section 5.4.2.4 in order to evaluate whether or not the safety glazing meets the weathering requirements. Plastic and OrganiC coated materials intended for interior use only shall be subjected to the requirements of section 

## 2..1..l.

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### 5.4.1 Weathering Methods. The specimens shall be subjected 

### to one ofthe following two weathering exposure alternatives. For laminated and organic-coated glass, three (3) specimens with the side marked for exterior exposure shall be exposed tothe energy source. Three (3) additional specimens shall be controls and shall 

### be held in darkness at 73.40F 

### ± 3.60F (23°C 

### ± 20C) until needed (see sections 5.4.2.2 and 

## .5....1..b.J). For the plastics, see section 

## 1...2..1.

5.4.1.1 Natural Exposure.
5.4.1.1.1 Procedure. The specimens shall 

### be exposed in accordance with ASTM 01435 using a 26° North latitude, direct exposure, faCing South, open-backed mounting. 

### 5.4.1.1.2 Location. The specimens shall be exposed in South Florida, United States 

### 5.4.1.1.3 Duration. The specimens shall be exposed for one year. On average, a one year exposure approximates a Total Ultraviolet (TUV) exposure of300 

### ± 25 MJ/m2 at295-385 nm.


## 5.4.1.2 Accelerated Exposure.
5.4.1.2.1 Apparatus. The specimens shall be subjected to exposure in a Xenon-Arc Type Operating Light Apparatus as specified in ASTM G155. 

### 5.4.1.2.2 Procedure. The specimens shall be exposed 3,000 hrs in accordance to ASTM 02565 (or ISO 4892.2) and thefollowing conditions: 

### 5.4.1.2.3 FilterType. Borosilicate innerand outer (orequivalent) 

### 5.4.1.2.4 Cycle. Utilize Cycle 1 of ASTM 02565. (102 minutes of irradiation, 18 minutes of irradiation and water spray.) 

### 5.4.1.2.5 BlackPanelTemperature. 145° 

### ± 4°F (63° 

### ± 2°C) 

### 5.4.1.2.6 RelativeHumidity. 50% 

### ± 5% 

### 5.4.1.2.7 SprayWater. Deionized

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5.4.1.2.8 Level ofIrradiance. 0.35 

### ± 0.02 watts/m2@ 340 nm, or 41.5 

### ± 2.5 w/m2from 300 400nm. 

### 5.4.1.2.9 Exposure. 3000 hours. On average, 3000 hour Xenon arc exposure approximates aTUV exposure of300 

### ± 25 MJ/m2 equivalent to one year South Florida exposure at 26° North Latitude direct exposure facing South.



### 5.4.2 Tests afterWeathering Specimens exposed in accordance with section 5.4.1.1 and/or section 5.4.1.2 shall 

### be tested after weathering according to the procedures outlined in sections 5.4.2.1 and 5.4.2.2. For organic­ coated glass, section 5.4.2.1; for laminates, section 5.4.2.3; and for plastics section 5.4.2.4.



## 5.4.2.1 TestsafterWeatheringfor Laminated and OrganicCoated Materials Assessment of optical changes after weathering are included for Laminated and Organic Coated materials as significant changes can be indicative of product degradation which may have an affect on impact and safety performance. 

### 5.4.2.1.1 Specimens shall be measured ata point more than 10 mm inward from any edge. 

### 5.4.2.1.2 When compared to control (unexposed) samples, no weathered specimen shall exhibit more than the allowable change, as specified, forthe following properties:


### (l) Visible Light Transmittance change not greater than 5 percentage units (e.g.: 91%control 

### + 5% = 

### 96% or 86%) as measured according to ASTM D1003; Standard Test Method for Haze and Luminous Transmittance of Transparent Plastics. (2) Yellowness Index (for clear products only) change not greater than 0.5 YI units (e.g.: 0.70 YI control 

### + 0.5 = 

### 1.20) as measured according to ASTM E313; Standard Practice for Calculating Yellowness and Whiteness Indices from Instrumentally Measured Color Coordinates. (3) 

### Haze change not greater than 0.5 percentage units (e.g.: 0.70 control 1.20 or 0.20) as measured according to ASTM D1003; Standard Test Method for Haze and Luminous Transmittance ofTransparent Plastics.
(4) 

### Delta E 

### less than or equal to 5 units as measured according to ASTM E308; Practice for Computing the Colors of Objects by Using the CIE System.

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## 5.4.2.2 Tests afterWeathering for Organic-Coated Glass Only. Organic-Coated Glass specimens shall be judged satisfactory if they pass the requirements of section 

### 5.4.2.1, adhesion test (see section 

### 5.4.2.2.1) and the tensile strength test (see section 

### 5.4.2.2.2).
5.4.2.2.1 Adhesion Test.



### 5.4.2.2.1.1 Specimens. Six specimens, (nominally 

### 2 inch by 6 inch 

### (52 mm by 

### 152 mm» prepared as described in section 

### 4.6.2 shall be tested. The specimens shall be conditioned just prior to the performance of the adhesion test at73.5

### 0F

### ± 3.50F

### (23°C ± 20C) and 

### 50% ± 2% relative humidityfor 

### 24 hours.



### 5.4.2.2.1.2 Apparatus. The test apparatus shall be (a) a tensile tester ofthe constant-rate-of-extension 

### (CRE) type with the moving crosshead set to move at 

### 12 inches 

### (305 mm) per minute and the load range set so thatthe average peel force will fall at 

### 30%-50% offull scale and (b) a cutting device containing new razor blades for cutting 1 inch 

### (25 mm) wide speCimens (use each blade one timeonly),



### 5.4.2.2.1.3 Procedure. USing the 1 inch 

### (25 mm) razor cutting device, cut a straight strip of the organic coating in the lengthwise direction ofthe glass sample. Peel back about 

### 2 inches 

### (52 mm) ofone end ofthe 

### 1 inch 

### (12 mm) wide organic strip. Attach a strip of pressure-sensitive tape to the side of the organic strip OPPOSite the adhesive to extend this free end to about 8 inches 

### (203 mm) in length. Place the end ofthe glass panel from which the organic strip was removed in the lower clamp of the tensile tester and the free end of the tape in the upper clamp. Peel the remainder of the organic strip from the glass mechanically and obtain a record ofthe peel value. Determine the 'average pull for each specimen from the chart record.



### 5.4.2.2.1.4 Interpretation ofResults. The organic-coated glass adhesions shall be judged satisfactory ifthe average adhesion value of the three exposed specimens is no less than 

### 75% of the average adhesion value of the three control (unexposed) specimens.


### 5.4.2.2.2 Tensile StrengthTest.

5.4.2.2.2.1 Specimens. The samples for this test are the same specimens used in the adheSion test (see section 

### 5.4.2.2.1) and conditioned as in section 

### 5.4.2.2.1.1.

5.4.2.2.2.2 Apparatus.**-------.-------~----,---'----------**

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### 30

### The test apparatus shall be (a) a CRE tensile tester set as follows: gage length - 2 inches (52 

### mm)i crosshead speed - 2 inches (52 mm) per minutei load range - set full-scale load so that specimens will break at 30%-60% offull scale and (b) a cutter containing new razor blades for cutting 1/2 inch (12 mm) wide specimens (use each blade one time only).



### 5.4.2.2.2.3 Procedure. USing the 1/2 inch (12 mm) razor cutting device, cut a straight strip ofthe organic coating in the lengthwise direction of the glass sample for the full 6 inch (152 mm) length. Carefully peel this strip from the glass panel and test itfor breaking strength in the tensile strength tester.



### 5.4.2.2.2.4 Interpretation of Results. The organic-coating tensile shall 

### be judged satisfactory if the average tensile value ofthe three exposed specimens is no less than 75% of the average tensile value of the three control specimens.



## 5.4.2.3 Testsafterweatheringfor laminated glass only.
5.4.2.3.1 Specimens. After exposure, the test specimens may be cleaned, if necessary, using a procedure recommended by their manufacturer

## to remove any residues present.


### 5.4.2.3.2 Conditioning. Both the unexposed and exposed specimens shall 

### be conditioned prior to examination or further testing for a minimum of 48 hours at 71°F to 75°F (22°C to 24°C) and 50% 

### ± 2% relative humidity.



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### 31

### Z97.1-2009€2

5.4.2.3.3 Viewing. When irradiated and conditioned, the exposed specimens shall be examined and compared visually with the unexposed controls. Specimens shall be placed in a vertical position. The viewer shall look through the specimen using daylight without direct sunlight, or using a background lightsuitable for observing blemishes. View at36 inch (910 mm).


### 5.4.2.3.4 Interpretation ofResults. Any improvement in clarity or discoloration is acceptable. When examined after ultraviolet exposure, each exposed test specimen shall 

### be substantially free of noticeable decomposition as defined by absence of the following specific kinds of developed defects or blemishes, when observed by this inspection method in comparison to unexposed control specimen(s): (1) No bubbles or delamination shall be visible more than 0.4 inch (10 mm) from any outer edge ofthe specimen, and (2) No crazing orcracking is allowed. (3) Ifno noticeable decomposition and no other defects develop upon exposure, the glazing material shall 

### be reported as visually acceptable. Otherwise, unacceptable glazing material shall be reported as visually blemished.



## 5.4.2.4 Tests afterWeathering for Plastics Only.


### 5.4.2.4.1 Specimens shall be evaluated before and after exposure in accordance withASTM D6110,Charpy ImpactTest, method B, withthefollowingexceptions: (1) The specimens shall not

### be notched. (2) The specimens shall 

### betested with the exposed surface in tension. (3) The specimens shall 

### be exposed and tested f1atwise. (4) The span shall 

### be reduced to 2 inches (52 mm) for thin material that may slip through the supports without breaking. (5) The average of five (5) samples take from the weathered specimens shall 

### be reported.


### 5.4.2.4.2 Interpretation ofResults. Plastic materials shall be acceptable for use as safety glazing ifthe impact strength as measured by the Charpy Impact Test is not reduced by more than 25% as a result of the natural or accelerated exposure. No bubbles or other physical degradation shall develop in the exposed portion.

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### 32Z97.1-2009E:2


### 5.4.3 Aging Tests for Plastics and Organic-Coated Glass Used in Indoor Applications Only7. The purpose of these tests is to determine whether plastic and organic-coated glass for indoor use only will successfully retain their safety characteristics after exposure to simulated aging conditions for an extended period oftime. The specimens described in 4.4 for impact test after aging shall be used.



### 5.4.3.1 Aging Testsfor Plastics usedin Indoor Applications Only Specimens passing the requirements of natural or accelerated exposure (section 5.4.1) and subsequent testing (section 5.4.2) are deemed qualified for indoor applications. 

### 5.4.3.1.1 

### Apparatus. A non-corroding container with a shelf suitable to support the test specimen above the solution used for maintaining the required humidity. The container shall be tightly sealed except for 

### a small capillary which permits release ofvapor pressure that might otherwise lift the top off the container. Each test specimen shall be tested preferably in a separate container.


### 5.4.3.1.2 

### Testing Procedures. The plastiC shall be subject to exposure to warm, humid and dry cycles. Four plastic specimens shall 

### be subjected the following procedures:



### 5.4.3.1.2.1 TestConditions. Conduct tests in the standard laboratory atmosphere of73.4 

### ± 3.6°F (23 

### ± 2°C) and 50 

### ± 5 

### % relative humidity.



### 5.4.3.1.2.2 Conditioning. Condition the test specimens at 73.4 

### ± 3.6°F (23 

### ± 2°C) and 50 

### ± 5 

### % relative humidity for not less than 40 hours priorto test in accordance with Procedure 

### A of Practice

### ASTM 0618.



### 5.4.3.1.2.3 Cycle. Ten 

### (10) complete humid/dry test cycles (480 total hours

- not including Conditioning from 5.4.3.1.2.2) where one cycle includes 24 hours at 140°F 

### ± 50F (60°C 

### ± 3°C) and 88 

### % relative humidity, followed by 24 hours at l400F 

### ± 50F(60°C 

### ± 3°C) in an oven.

7 Test procedure excerpted from discontinued standard. Reprinted, with permiSSion, from ASTM 0756-93 Practice for Determination ofWeight and Shape Changes of Plastics UnderAccelerated Service Conditions, copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, West Conshohocken, PA 19428 (Discontinued 1998)1**-----------------,----~"-.-----'----~-------** 

### © Copyright 2009 Accredited Standards Committee (R5C) Z97 (all rights reserved), ANSI Z97.1-2009E Pllrcilaseti/Down!onded on 5/19/20) ? 9:17 ,I'IJ·l by

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### Z97.1-2009e2



### 5.4.3.1.3 Weightand dimensionsofspecimens.



### 5.4.3.1.3.1 Weight. Measure and record the weight within 

### 0.05 

### % ifthe specimen weighs 

### 3.4 oz 

### (100 g) or less, and within 

### 0.1 

### % ifthe specimen exceeds 

### 3.4oz 

### (100 g) in weight.



### 5.4.3.1.3.2 Dimensions ofDirectionally Formed Specimens. Measure and record the thickness to 

### 0.001 in 

### (0.025 mm), the plane dimension in the direction of injection or transfer to 

### 0.001 in 

### (0.025 mm), and the plane dimension across the direction of injection ortransfer to 

### 0.001 in 

### (0.025 mm).



### 5.4.3.1.3.3 Dimensions ofCompression Molded Specimen. Measure and record the thickness to 

### 0.001 in 

### (0.025 mm), and the perpendicular dimensions in the plane at right angles to the direction ofmolding to 

### 0.001 in 

### (0.025 mm).



### 5.4.3.1.3.4 Conditioning ofSpecimens forWeightand Dimension Specimens shall be brought to room temperature in a clean, empty, sealed container, which will require 

### 10 to 

### 30 min. Then the specimen shall be weighed in less than 

### 10 min after exposure

## to room conditions. The dimensions shall be measured immediately after weighing the specimen. 

### 5.4.3.1.4 Visual Inspection. Noticeable qualitative changes in surfaces, outline, and general appearance ofthe test specimen shall be recorded after each stage ofthe testing procedure. These changes include color, surface irregularities, odor, and splits, in accordance with ASTM 0883. Changes shall also be noted as they occur, especially those which alter the shape so that intended dimensions are no longer significant. 

### 5.4.3.1.5 Specimen Exposure. (1) Prior to exposure, condition the specimen according to section 

### 5.4.3.1.2.2. Weigh, measure and inspect the conditioned specimen in accordance with sections 

### 5.4.3.1.3 and 

### 5.4.3.1.4. (2) Expose the specimen for 

### 24 h on the shelf of a container maintained at 

### 140 ± 1.8°F 

### (60 ± 1°C) in the oven, and containing a saturated solution of sodium sulfate to maintain a relative humidity of 85 to 89 

### %. (3) Remove the specimen from the container, place it in a clean, empty, sealed container, and bring to room temperature in accordance with section 

### 5.4.3.1.3.4. (4) Wipe the specimen with the absorbent cloth, and then weigh, measure dimensions, and examine visually in accordance with sections 

### S.4.3.1.3 and 

### 5.4.3.1.4 respectively.



### © Copyright 2009 Accredited Standards Committee (ASe) Z97 (all rights reserved), ANSI Z97,1-2009" Purrh;E,ed/D')INnloatied on**5/19i:)C;:.~** 9:17 1\["1

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### 34Z97.1-2009a



### (5) Within 2 hours after completion of the operation described in section 5.4.3.1.5(2), expose the specimen for 24 hours in a dry oven at 140 

### ± 1.8°F (60 ± 1°C). (6) Remove the specimen from the oven, place it in a clean, empty, sealed container, and bring to room temperature in accordance with section 5.4.3.1.3.4. (7) Wipe the specimen with the absorbent cloth, and then weigh, measure dimensions, and examine visually in accordance with sections 5.4.3.1.3 and 5.4.3.1.4 respectively. (8) Recycle the specimen in accordance with section 5.4.3.1.2.3. Weigh and measure dimensions in accordance with section 5.4.3.1.3 and perform visual inspection in accordance with section 5.4.3.1.4. Continue recycling, weighing and measuring until the total hours of exposure are completed. Weigh and measure specimens at completion of total hours after conditioning according to section 5.4.3.1.2.2.


### 5.4.3.1.6 Physical Testing.



### 5.4.3.1.6.1 The specimen shall be subjected 

### to physical tests in accordance with section 5.4.4.

5.4.3.1.6.2 One additional specimen shall be retained unexposed as a control for the effects of the exposure cycling. Then, all specimens shall be tested as described in section 5.4.4.



## 5.4.3.2 Aging Tests ForOrganic-Coated Glass used In InteriorApplications Only


### 5.4.3.2.1 Apparatus. 

### A conditioning chamber ofsufficient size to hold up to 34 inch by 76 inch (864 mm x 1930 mm) panels vertically and capable of maintaining conditions of 1400

### F 

### ± 5°F (600

### C 

### ± 30C), lDOOF 

### ± 50

### F(380

### C

### ± 30

### C) and 95% 

### ± 5% relative humidity, and OaF 

### ± 5°F (180C 

### ± 3°C).


### 5.4.3.2.2 Procedure. 

### Place four ofthe organic-coated glass specimens pOSitioned vertically and spaced at least 1 inch (25 mm) apart in the chamber. Raise the temperature to 140°F 

### ± 5°F (60°C 

### ± 5°C) within 3 hours and maintain for 21 hours. Change the chamber conditions to lOO°F ± 5°F (380C ± 30

### C) and 95% ± 5% relative humidity in 3 hours and maintain for 21 hours. This represents one complete cycle. Expose the specimens to 10 complete cycles. At the completion of the tenth cycle, change the chamber conditions to OaF 

### ± 5°F (18°C 

### ± 3°C) in 3 hours and maintain for 21 hours. The fifth specimen shall be retained unexposed as a control for the effects of the exposure cycling. Upon completion of the required number of exposure cycles, all specimens shall be tested as described in section 5.4.4. 

# -----._--------"**----~---------~----.-**

17 A.M Copyright 2009 Accredited Standards Committee CASe) Z97 (all rights reserved), ANSI Z97.1-2009' Pllrcha"ed/Downloaded on 5/J

Consumer P:oducts Safety Pursuant to Licen"e Agreement, no further authorized. 

### 35

### Z97.1-2009£2



### 5.4.4 ImpactTest afterAging for Plastics and Organic-Coated Glass



## 5.4.4.1 Apparatus. The apparatus described in section 5.1.1 shall 

### be used.



## 5.4.4.2 Procedure. All the specimens exposed as described in section shall 

### be conditioned as described in section and evaluated by the procedure in section 5.1.2.



## 5.4.4.3 Interpretation ofResults. The exposed specimens shall again satisfactorily complete the impact test in accordance with section.5:..l..J. Milkiness may develop but defects otherthan these shall be cause for rejection.

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.. USA Pur>.uant to license Agreement, no further reproductions authorized. 

### 36Z97.1-2009E.2



### After having successfully passed the appropriate tests in this standard, like products and materials produced in the same manner as specimens submitted per test shall be legibly and permanently marked with a label.


## 6.1 Label Content. The label shall contain the following information: (1) Supplier's name, distinctive mark or deSignation. (2) The words "American National Standard Z97.1-2009" or the characters "ANSI Z97.1-2009." (3) Classification of test size (L or U) and drop height class (A, B or C). Plastic glazing does not require drop height. (4) Place of fabrication (if fabricator has more than one location fabricating the product).
NOTE: Additional details and information, such as thickness and date of manufacture, are permitted.


## 6.2 Application ofLabel. The appropriate party using the following guidelines shall apply the permanent label: (1) Laminated and fire-resistant wired glass stock sheets (i.e., size produced by the manufacturer) shall be labeled by the manufacturer ofthe stock sheet. (2) All glazing products including cut size laminates, fire-resistant wired glass and tempered glass shall be labeled by the company producing the finished cut to size glass product. (3) The fabricator or manufacturer shall label plastic glazing materials. (4) The installer ofthe safety film shall label field-applied organic coatings (films).

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### 37

# ------------------------------------- 6.3 Special Application Labeling. Certain types ofglazing material shall also be marked with additional information as appropriate.



### 6.3.1 SafetyGlazing Materials Used in IndoorApplications Only. After having successfully passed the appropriate tests (see section 5.4.3), like products and materials produced in the same manner as specimens submitted for testing shall be legibly and permanently marked with the words

- "Indoor Use Only".



### 6.3.2 Organic-Coated Glass Only. Organic-coated glass materials shall be legibly and permanently marked with the words "Glaze This Side In,"

## to indicate tothe installer, inspector, or user which side ofthe organic-coated glass should be exposed tothe elements ifthere is a specific side that should 

### be exposed.



### © Copyright 2009 Accredited Standards Committee (ASC) Z97 (all rights reserved), ANSI Z97,1-2009f**Purrl'l~j~ed/Dov'ln!oaded** :)n :;/ 19/2Cn.2**9~** 17**l'~f\1** Consurncr Products Com'i';,c.,510n

- US!,, Pursuant to Cil[thorized. 

### 38

### Z97.1-20091:2

(This Annex is a mandatory part of American National Standard Z97.1-2009€ and indicates the publication year oftheapplicable standard referenced in ANSI Z97.1-2009€.) 

### ANNEXX Table

### Xl ASC Z97.1-2009£ Reference Standards



### As listed inANSIZ97.1-2009£ Location Referenced Section(s) Current Edition

ASTM C1036 4.2 2006 5.2.3 ASTM C1048 3 2004 ASTM C1172 3 2009 ASTM C1349 3 2004

## ~64 4.4 2006 18 5.4.3.1.2.2 2008 ASTM 0756 5.4.3.1 1993 ASTM 0785 4.7.2 2008 5.1.4(3) ASTM 0790 4.7.1 2007e1 5.1.4(3) ASTM 0883 5.4.3.1.4 2008 ASTM 01003 5.4.2.1.2(1) 2007e1 5.4.2.1.2(3) ASTM 01435 5.4.1.1.1 2005 ASTM 02240 5.1.1 (2) 2005 ASTM 02565 5.4.1.2.2 1999(2008) 5.4.1.2.4 ASTM 06110 4.6.1 Note 2008 5.4.2.4.1 ASTM E308 5.4.2.1.2(4) 2008 ASTM E313 5.4.2.1.2(2) 2005 ASTM G155 5.4.1.2.1 2005a**~RPart1201** 1.3.2 1977 5.4.1.2.2 2006

Copyright 2009 Accredited Standards Comfnlltee (ASe) Z97 (alll'!ghts reserved), ANSI 297.12009£ PUfchasedjDf.:n/;;'nlOC](jed on S/19/2' 29:17 Af t1 Consumer hoductsSdiety COnVni"iSion USA Pursuant to Llccnse Agreement, no further authorized, 

### 399: 17 /\1\1 by US!\ 

### Z97.1-2009E2



### (This Appendix is not part of American National Standard Z97.l-2009E

, 

### but is included for information only.) 

## Basis ofSafety Performance Specificationsand MethodsofTest

AI. General
One purpose in the development of this standard is to provide a single functional test that will simulate such human contact as normally results in cutting and piercing injuries. The performance of each safety glazing material is evaluated by impacting in the normally installed position. The test should 

### be conducted from the direction that human impact would occur. Only such auxiliary tests as are considered necessary to evaluatethe continued performance level, are used in the case ofglazing containing organic material.


## Al. Safe Performance Criteria (Seesection**~)** The performance criteria are directly related to the reduction of cutting and piercing injuries to persons who impact the glazing used in buildings.
The 100-ft. Ibf (445 N) and ISO-ft. Ibf (667 N) energy levels were established as practically related to those situations in which the limited acceleration path precluded, in most cases, the possibility ofan individual developing their full kinetic energy (ke) potential (see section 1.3).
The 400-ft. Ibf (1779 N) impact level was established for relatively unlimited acceleration paths in which it might be reasonable to expect that an energetiC teenager might develop something approaching his or her full impact velOCity. 

### As section A3 of this Appendix indicates, the independent safety experts who conSidered the matterjudged thatthese values were practical. 

### (See section A3 and 

### FigureAI.) 

## A3. DevelopmentofHuman Engineering Data Chart Safety experts indicate that a 100-lb (45 kg) person is representative ofglass breakage accident victims. From Figure Al it is apparent that a 100-lb (45 kg) person running at the rate of a 4­ minute mile has about 755 ft. Ibf (3358 N) of kinetic energy. The amount ofthis energy a person might deliver to a glazed opening would depend upon the way the glazed surface was impacted. A "straight-arm" would transmit more energy tothe glazing material than an arm that flexes with the impact.
For test purposes, Accredited Standards Committee Z97 deCided, after extensive evaluation, to use a readily available leather punching (speed) bag filled with 100 pounds of lead shot to simulate the running (person). The test impact values were selected as representative ofenergy

Copyright 2009 Accredited Standards Committee (ASe) Z97 (all rights reserved), ANSI Z97,1-2009' PurfhasetiJDownloadeej on

((jnsurner Products Pursuant to UcenSi: Agreement, no 

### 40Z97.1-2009E:2

levels likely to be delivered by humans in practical situations involving interior doors and patio doors. These test levels were set considerably below the 755-ft. Ibf(3358 N) kinetic energy level ofthe typical victim, since the impact energy delivered to the glazing material

- perhaps 

### first by the hands, then by the head, and then by the knees

- is much less than the kinetic energy ofthe running (person). Also, the impact will be at less than normal (90-degree) incident angle in most cases.**~** 3000 c:; 

### o LI.

## ~ 2500

# ~ ;-2000 

### o 

## o LI. 200lb

150lb

100lb MAXIMUM IMPACT ENERGY FROM 1O()'lb BOY 1000 

# r RUNNING 22ft/s

.lib 

### 755---------­ 50lb 

### 500 25Jb



## o : 10 15 I 

### 25 30 I VELOCITY, 

### ft/s 5

### ";jih I 22ttls I 30

### ftls (FASTWALK} 14-min mi) (lO-S 100 vd) 0.39i 1.56 3.62 6.25 9.

## n 14.1 FREE-FALL DISTANCE REQUIRED TO ACHIEVE VELOCITY, FEET


### FigureAI: Human Engineering Data Figure Al was developed to assist ASC Z97**committe~** in establishing**perfo~man~e** c:iteria for safety glazing materials subject to human impact. 

### It IS based on the follOWing kinetic energy formula:
ke 1/2mv2
where ke 

# =kinetic energy in foot pounds-force m

# =mass of missile 

# =weight ofmissile in pounds/ (32.2 ft/s2) v

# =velocity ofmissile in feet per second

© Copyright 2009 Accredited Standards Committee (ASC) Z97 (all rights reserved), ANSI Z97.1-2009€ Pllr,:i·13sed/Dov·:niot.'cied ('f1 9-17 Ai\ft, by USA Pursuant to License Agreement, n,,' FurUler 

### <,uthorized. 

### 41

### Maximum impact energy equals the kinetic energy of the person in motion at the moment of impact. Actual impact energy (that which the person delivers) is considerably less, except perhaps in the case ofa person falling on a non-vertical surface.



## A4. InterpretationofResults (Seesection**~)** 

### Within the scope of this standard, which has as its objective redUCing the frequency of cutting and piercing injuries, it is evident that a material that does not break under impact is safe from these types ofinjuries.
"Break safe" criteria were developed largely as a matter ofjudgment based on observation of available glazing materials breaking under the test conditions. It is intended that any material that meets anyone of the criteria in section 5.1.4 be considered safe within the scope of this standard.
To allow for practical interpretation of results, which admittedly may appear loosely defined to the uninitiated, rather severe impact levels were selected. The safety experts and the members of the original drafting committee who observed the many tests conducted in developing the standard were confident that laboratory personnel will quickly develop an ability to apply objectivejudgments using these criteria

.

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### 42

### Z97.1-2009E2


### AboutANSI Overview http://www.ansi.org/about ansi!overview/overview.aspx?menuid=l


### As the voice of the u.s. standards and conformity assessment system, the American National Standards Institute (ANSI) empowers its members and constituents to strengthen the U.s. marketplace position in the global economy while helping to assure the safety and health of consumers and the protection ofthe environment.
The Institute oversees the creation, promulgation and use ofthousands of norms and guidelines that directly impact businesses in nearly every sector: from acoustical devices 

### to construction equipment, from dairy and livestock production to energy distribution, and many more. ANSI is also actively ellgaged in accrediting programs that assess conformance 

### to standards including globally-recognized cross-sector programs such as the ISO 9000 (quality) and ISO 14000 (environmental) management systems. 

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### Founded October 19, 1918 

### Legal Status A 501(c)3 private, not-for-profitorganization 

### Address: Headquarters New York Office

## * 1819 L Street, NW 25 West 43rdStreet Suite 600 4th Floor Washington, DC 20036 New York, NY 10036 

### +1 (202) 293-8020 

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### Leadership Arthur E. Cote, P.E S. Joe Bhatia Chairman ofthe Board President and Chief Executive Officer Executive Vice President and Chief Engineer National Fire Protection Association 

### Employees 90+ 

### Membership Comprised of Government agencies, Organizations, Companies, Academic and International bodies, and individuals, the American National Standards Institute (ANSI) represents the interests ofmore than 125,000 companies and 3.5 million professionals. 

## Annual Budget $22 million


### Affiliations



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### ANSI is the official U.s. representative to the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) and, via the U.S. National Committee, the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC). ANSI is also a member ofthe International Accreditation Forum (IAF). Regionally, the Institute is the U.S. member ofthe Pacific Area Standards Congress (PASC) and the Pan American Standards Commission (COPANT). ANSI is also a member of the Pacific Accreditation Cooperation (PAC) and via the ANSI-ASQ National Accreditation Board (ANAB), a member ofthe InterAmerican Accreditation Cooperation (IAAC). 

### Websites: • ANSI Online • ANSI eStandards Store (eSS) • NSSN: A National Resource for Global Standards 

### Serial Publications • ANSI Congressional Standards Update (monthly) • What's New (weekly) • Standards Action (weekly)**---.--.---~--------.** @ Copyright 2009 Accredited Standards Committee (ASC) Z97 (all rights reserved), ANSI 297.1-2009' Purch3SCt1/DmvQ]odded en

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## IntroductiontoANSI
http://www.ansi.org/about ansjfintroduction/introduction.aspx?menuid=l 

### Overviewofthe U.S. Standardization System
The American National Standards Institute (ANSI) has served in its capacity as administrator and coordinator ofthe United States private sectorvoluntary standardization system for more than 90 years. Founded in 1918 by five engineering societies and three government agencies, the Institute remains a private, nonprofit membership organization supported by a diverse constituency ofprivate and public sector organizations. Throughout its history, ANSI has maintained as its primary goal the enhancement of global competitiveness of U.S. business and the American quality of life by promoting and facilitating voluntary consensus standards and conformity assessment systems and promoting their integrity. The Institute represents the interests of its nearly 1,000 company, organization, government agency, institutional and international members through its office in New York City, and its headquarters in Washington, D.C. 

### National Standardization
ANSI facilitates the development of American National Standards (ANS) by accrediting the procedures of standards developing organizations (SDOs). These groups work cooperatively to develop voluntary national consensus standards. Accreditation by ANSI signifies that the procedures used by the standards body in connection with the development ofAmerican National Standards meet the Institute's essential requirements for openness, balance, consensus and due process. ANSI is often asked about the total number of standards (and standards setting bodies) in the United States. 

### It is estimated that in the U.S. today there are hundreds of"traditional" standards developing organizations

- with the 20 largest SDOs producing 90% of the standards

- and hundreds more "non-traditional" standards development bodies, such as consortia. This means that the level of U.S. participation is quite expansive as the groups themselves are comprised of individual committees made up of experts addressing the technical requirements of standards within their specific area ofexpertise.
At year-end 2006, about 200 ofthese standards developers were accredited by ANSI; there were more than 10,000American National Standards (ANS). In order to maintain ANSI accreditation, standards developers are required to conSistently adhere to a set of requirements or procedures known as the "ANSI Essential Requirements," that govern the consensus development process. Due process is the key to ensuring that ANSs are developed in an environment that is eqUitable, accessible and responsive to the requirements of various stakeholders. The open and fair ANS process ensures that all interested and affected parties have an opportunity to participate in a standard's development. 

### Italso serves and protects the public interest since standards developers accredited by ANSI must meet the Institute's requirements foropenness, balance, consensus and other due process safeguards.

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### 45

### Z97.1-2009€2

That is why American National Standards are usually referred to as "open" standards. In this sense, "open" refers to a process used by a recognized body for developing and approving a standard. The Institute's definition of openness has many elements but basically refers to a collaborative, balanced and consensus-based approval process. The

## ~ontent of these standards may relate to products, processes, services, systems or personnel.
In its role as the only accreditor of U.S. voluntary consensus standards developing organizations, ANSI helps to ensure the integrity of the standards developers that use our ANSI Essential Requirements: Due process requirements for American National Standards. A separate process, based on the same principles, determines whether standards meet the necessary criteria to be approved as American National Standards. Our process for approval ofthese standards (currently numbering approximately 

### 10(000) is intended 

### to verify that the principles of openness and due process have been followed and that a consensus of all interested stakeholder groups has been reached. The hallmarks ofthis process include:

• Consensus must be reached by representatives from materially affected and interested parties • Standards are required to undergo public reviews when any member of the public may submit comments • Comments from the consensus body and public review commenters must be responded 

### to in good faith • An appeals process is required ANSI's use of the terms "open" and "openness" to describe standards is meant to characterize documents that have undergone this kind of consensus-based, transparent process. All ANSIaccredited standards developers follow the Essential Requirements which embrace globallyaccepted principles of standardization implemented by well-recognized, international standards bodies such as the International Telecommunication Union (rrU), International Organization for Standardization (ISO), and International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC).
The terms and conditions used in the development of "open standards" should balance the interests of those who will implement the standard with the interests and voluntary cooperation ofthose who own intellectual property rights that are essential to the standard. Such terms and conditions should readily promote, and not unreasonably burden, accessibility to the standard for the communities of interested implementers. To achieve such balance, the payment of reasonable license fees and/or other reasonable and nondiscriminatory license terms may be required by the intellectual property rights holders.
This balance of licensing rights (rather than waiver thereof) is consistent with an open standard. The word "open" does not imply "free" from monetary compensation or other reasonable and nondiscriminatory license terms. Further, an open standard may involve the payment ofa fee to obtain a copy ofthe standard. Such fees are sometimes used to offset the costs associated with managing open standards development process. The ANSI process serves all standardization efforts in the United States by providing and promoting a process that withstands scrutiny, while protecting the rights and interests of every participant. In essence, ANSI standards quicken the market acceptance of products while making clear how to improve the safety ofthose productsforthe protection ofconsumers.



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### 46

# ----- Z97.1-2009€2
International Standardization
ANSI promotes the use of u.s. standards internationally, advocates u.S. policy and technical pOSitions in international and regional standards organizations, and encourages the adoption of international standards as national standards where they meet the needs ofthe user community.
The Institute is the sole U.S. representative and dues-paying member of the two major nontreaty international standards organizations, the International Organization for Standardization (ISO), and, via the U.S. National Committee (USNC), the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC). 

### As a founding member ofthe ISO, ANSI plays a strong leadership role in its governing body while u.s. participation, via the USNC, is equally strong in the IEC. Through ANSI, the u.s. has immediate access to the ISO and IEC standards development processes. ANSI participates in almost the entire technical program of both the ISO and the IEC, and administers many key committees and subgroups. Part of its responsibilities as the U.S. member body to the ISO include accrediting U.S. Technical Advisory Groups (U.S. TAGs), whose primary purpose is to develop and transmit, via ANSI, U.S. pOSitions on activities and ballots of the international Technical Committee. U.S. pOSitions for the IEC are endorsed and closely monitored by the USNC Technical Management Committee (TMC).
In many instances, U.S. standards are taken forward to ISO and IEC, through ANSI or the USNC, where they are adopted in whole or in part as international standards. For this reason, ANSI plays an important part in creating international standards that support the worldwide sale of products, which prevent regions from using local standards to favor local industries. Since volunteers from industry and government, not ANSI staff, carry out the work ofthe international technical committees, the success ofthese efforts often is dependent upon the willingness of U.s. industry and government to commit the resources required to ensure strong U.S. technical partiCipation in the international standards process. 

### ConformityAssessment Conformity Assessment, the term used to describe ,steps taken by both manufacturers and independent third parties to determine fulfillment ofstandards requirements, also remains a high priority for the Institute. ANSI's program for accrediting third-party product certification have experienced significant growth in recent years, and the Institute continues its efforts to obtain worldwide acceptance ofaccredited certifications performed in the U.S. One of the best indicators of the strength of the U.S. system is the government's extensive reliance on, and use of, private sector voluntary standards. Pursuant to OMB Circular A119, federal government agencies are required to use voluntary standards for regulatory and procurement purposes when appropriate. State and local governments and agencies have formally adopted thousands of voluntary standards produced by ANSI, and the process appears to be accelerating.
In summary, ANSI continues to be fully involved in its support of the goals of U.S. and global standardization and remains committed to enhancing of the quality of life for all global citizens.**------~-,-,~-------.** (i:) Copyright 2009 Accredited Standards Committee (ASC) Z97 (all rights reserved), ANSI Z97,1-200ge PurrhasedjDci,vn 1 03dec] on 

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### ANSI Z97.1 -2009 Approved by Accredited Standards Committee November 2009

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### www.ANSIZ97.com

# EXHIBIT C Comparison Chart ofCPSC 16 CFR 1201 and ANSI Z97.1
Item CPSC 16CFR 1201 ANSI Z97.1-2009 Comments 1-NumberofSamples ImpactTested No direction 4.4: Four (4) samples required fortesting CPSC does not specify the number of samples required for testing and this has allowed some to test only 1 sample. ANSI's requirement for 4 samples is a statistically more viable number and adds to the credibility ofthe test. 

### 2-Categories and Classes 1201.4(c)(2) and (d)(1): test largest size manufactured up to max of 34X76-inch. Category I impacted at 18­ inches. Category 

### 1\ impacted at48 inches. 4.3, 5.1.2.1: Unlimited Size (U) 

# = test of 34X76-inch. Limited Size (L) 

# = largest size produced < 34X76-inch. Class A

# = 48-inch impact Class 8

# =18-inch impact CPSC establishes a relationship between size and impact distance. With the U and L and A, 8, C designators in ANSI Z97.1, this size impact distance is detailed and communicated more clearly, thus reducing the possibility of testing or market confusion.

Class C

# =12-inch impact (apply to wired glass with restrictions, see section1.3.2 and 1.3.6) 

### 3-Center Punch Fragmentation Test No direction 5.2: All Tempered samples that do not break in the impactor test are required to be center punch tested. The ANSI test brings all samples to failure, allowing for more complete evaluation of break characteristics. This additional test will screen out some products that might pass CPSC but would be fail an ANSI test. 

### 4-8entGlassTesting No direction 4.4: Direction provided fortest Direction provided in the ANSI standard 1) delineates that bent glass is different than flat and must be tested separately and 2) will result in a standardized test for better evaluation evaluation. of the product. This will improve product

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### 5-Laminated glass evaluation after impact 1201.4(e)(1)(i): Horizontally 5.1.4(1): Vertically Samples are tested vertically and normally would be installed vertically in the market place. The act ofmoving the sample to a horizontal position as required by CPSC can damage or alter the sample and creates less of an approximation of market place conditions. 

### 6-Weathering requirements for Laminated Glass No direction Table 1, 4.6: Weathering tests are required for laminated glass. 8y ANSI testing and evaluating laminated glass for weathering, product long term performance and retention of safety characteristic are better able to be evaluated.



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### 7-Details for weathering 1201.4(b)(3)(ii) and (d)(2) 5.4 Reference to weathering The references made in CPSC have not been maintained, 

### and aging testing Reference to environmental tests reference obsolete equipment and standards, and are 

### (environmental durability) durability test equipment and procedures limited in applicability. By contrast, the ANSI standard has been regularly updated and maintained to reflect current industry practices creating a more appropriate and comprehensive product evaluation. 

### a-Specific exclusion for non-safety products 1201.1(a) applies the standard only to glazing materials in certain uses; 1201(c) exempts wired glass & certain other productsfrom Part 1201. 1.3.6 provided that monolithic glass including wired glass considered safety materials. certain products are not

glazing ANSI has identified certain products that might comply with testing procedures but are known not to be safety glazing materials. This provides a supplemental assurance of safe products represented byANSI testing.



### 9-Guidance, direction, Limited direction Increased direction Throughout the ANSI standard, by virtue of regular 

### clarity, tolerances maintenance and review, guidance and clarity is incorporated that provides increased direction to test operators thus resulting in a more consistent and standardized evaluation ofproductsover CPSC.
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