CALCULATIONS FOB L INEAR CORRELATION Emiss i on Unll: Boller Fac ili ty : Facility 0 Loca tion: Anytown USA Test Date s: 11 / 1-11 / 4 /02 , tn-1/8/03 PM CEMS J -PM ' ,.. .. , rlllAT E I Run I 

### x 

## I y 

## I (xrx-1" 

## I (Yr Y-'f 

## I (x,-x)(y ,·( 

## I 1 

## I 6.7 

## 1 3.1 

## 1 45 .29 

## 1 1 3 .65 

## 1 24 . • 2 7 . 6 7.4 33.99 0 .37 -3 .. 3 

### I 7 . 81 2 .1 1 31.701 22 .04 1 21 4 

### I 9 . 21 3.7 1 17 . 891 9.58 1 1: 10. 1 1 6.1 1 1 11. 1 1 2.8 1 5.4 1**~** 

### 9.

121 4 .9 1 2.0 1 . 591 nAO• 

### Y" !.936



## iA52

;67

8 

### 9 18.21 8.3, 22 . 75 :.27 7.18 9 . 5. 

# I _ .. . , 13.7 4 . 5 0 . 07 ;, 27 -0 . 62 6 . 9' 10 14 . 61 8 . 21 1.37 (Y'rY• 0 .027 15 .583

! . 15 2

49 74 7.07 1 1.156 19 . : - 1 . 97! 1 . 64 1 7 . 4 I 38 .50 38 . 91 10 . 390 6. 11 18.531 19.671 9.4151 2. !0. : ; , 061 35 . 071 10.734 14 

## I 20.21 1o.6 l 45.83 1 14 . 481 25.761 10.6771 o.oos 1.416 

### I 15 

### I 1 9.7 

### 1 9.2 1 39 . 31 

### 1 5.78 

### 1 1 ! 16 5 . 2 2.4 67 .7 3 1 9 . 32 36.17 ] 2.076 ] 0 . 105 

### I 17 

### I 8 .6 

### 1 4 .8 

### 1 23.33 

### 1 3.98 

### 1 9.64 

### 1 4 . 026 

### 1 0 . 599 18 14 . 1 6 . 2 0.45 0.35 -0. 4 0 7.179 0.959 19 

### I 1 4 . 51 7 1 1.141 0.041 0.221 7.4081 0.167 20 

### I 17 .31 8.61 14 .981 3.261 6.99 1 9 . 01 41 0 . 111

PS - 11 Examp l e 48-R 20 Runs 10-27 -04.xls Linea r Cales Page 1 of 1 10/29/2004 

## VES009800RESULT$ OF LINEAR CORRELATION Fac ili ty : Facility D Locatio n : A nytown USA Va ria b l e E quation n N um ber o f data poin t s 

### = X x- = 1 / n• (S u m of**(x~)** 

### = S ., S,. - Sum( (x,-x-)"2) = y y- - 1 /n'( Sum of (y ,) ) = s, 

### S, = S u m((y r y-)"2) = s .. s .., = Sum((x, x -)(y,y-)): 1:\, 

### bo = y---b,x- - b, b , 

# = s.,f$., = 

# s.. S.. 

# = SQRT(11(n-2XSum(yh•J"2)) 

# = y"',.. .. 

### Y" at mean x v alue =**~ ~**  from table = C l Cl-**·s..** · saRT ( 1 / n) = EL Emissio n Li m it 

### = C l % C l % = C I/E L' 100% =

n · n '= n 

### = 

### v

, v 1 from table = u. U. • f r om t able 

### = k

r**~** = U n ' \lr 

### = T l Tl =**~<,•s ,**  = Tl % T l % = T IIEL' 100 % =



## s, Sy = SQRT(s,t (n-1)) 

### = 

# ,. r' = 1-(S.. 

### •215y•2) 

### = r r- SORT (( 1.S L •215y•2))-



# . IndiCates conetation coelfident is undefined .

P$-11 Example 48 - R 20 R un s 10-27-04 .x ls Value 20 1 3.43

472 6.80 205 270.5 -0 . 905 0 . 573 1 . 673 6 .795 2 . 10 1 0 . 766

1 8 .5 4 . 25% 20 1.384 1 . 177 1. 629 2 . 726 14 . 7% 3 . 289 0 . 741 0 . 661 Em i ss i on Unit Boile r Test Date s: 11 / 1·11 1 4102 , 117-1 18103 !Correlation equation : y 

### = -0.90S + 0.573 

## x I



## --···· · ·-· 

# -· ··- • -• •- -**-·n- •~**  •- • •- • • C rite riO n Actua l A ll ow able Acceptab l e? Corre l ation coefficient 0 . 86 1 <:, 0 . 85 yes Con fi dence in t erval 4 . 25% !: 1 0% yes Tolerance in terva l 1 4 . 7% !',25% yes • Ind icates correlation coefficient is unde fined . Pl.ot of Une.ar Regr•••'on Uno 1' 

### · r----- ---- -- ..,-- --, 

# !**~** 1 y: 0 . 573:1< . 0 . 90S •• 1 

### i 8 • 

# & 6 u 4 

## l 2

### 0~**-- --** **--~--~ --** **---- --~**  0 . 0 5 . 0 10 . 0 15.0 20 . 0 25 .0 PM CEMS Response

PS.11 Ccnelation Test ColQAolion Sp-eadsheet**V-2~** 1 005104

Linear S u mmary Li n ea r Summary 

## VES00980lFac il ity: F-ac Uity D Loeotlon : Anytown USA 

## I PM CEMS 

## I PM**~-·- n•­**  mQ/aan CALCULATIONS FO B POLYNQ MIAL COBBELAT!QII Emlaaton Untt BoiJer Tos l Oates : 11/1·11/ 4102. 117-1/8103

I"' A I 1"' 111 A Ten Roo x i' 

### o/ C t

, 6 . 7 3 . 1 45 301 015 " ..... 

# - .. ... 

# .. . 

## .. ... 

# . .. _ ... 

# ...... ,.. 

## . ...... ... 

# .. . . ... i4 92 10." I 

# I U. .(lt:J 

# I 0 . 0937 1 •.• 1 .000 1 10.4061 62 1 6221 •.474 2 . 643 

### o . oon A· 1 ' 4 . 870 4 . 3 10 0 . 1090**291** 0 . 1 !13 0 .1 1 97 9**~.,.** • t:: f D l't. n n a "

, ..,... , ......... .... .....**~** ........ ' ·V"I' 7 1 35 8 6 2 8 4 5 6 . 2 14 2.937 0. 1259 5 .27 1 .1 9 I V 1 4.0 0 , 4: 4: 1 .,) ,), 11 2 45_437 120 1 ,74 8 6 , 776 2.029 0 , 1 1 95 1 . 97 1 . 16 1 1 1 9 .7 1 3 386 7645 1506 14 256 5045 10.919 4 . 329 0. 1 725 38 . 50 1 . 40 12 18 11 . 1 32• 5632 104.976 200 3596 9357 3 .039 o .0947 18 . •• 

# ·A· 13 20 . 3 11 . 9 412 6.365 169.818 242 4 904 11 .514 0 . .. 9 0235 1 26 .0 14 20.2 10. 6 "08 6.242 16e . 497 2,. 4.325 1U 1 3 0.662 0.2230 11 . • • • ·- · -- -·· 7Jl45 150 .61 4 181 3 . 570 10. 9 1 9 2.956 0 . 1725 

### s.;_ 1 4 1 73 1 12 65 3 . 413 1 .027 0 .4433 19 . 32 •. 11 o.o**.o** , .. 636 5 470 4 1 35 5 J.ggo 0.657 O.Cl996 3. 98 18 1 4 . 1 6.2 199 2.803 39 525 87 1.233 6.457 0 .066 0. 1238 0 . 35 1 . 10 19 1 4. 5 7 2 10 3.04 9 44,211e 102 1, 472 6 . 711 0. 084 0 . 1205 0.04 1 . " 20 17.3 8 . 6 299 5, 1 76 69 575 1 4 9 2 . 57 4 6 .76e 0.026 0.0903 3 . 26 

### 1.11

PS-11 Exdmple 45-R 20 R un s 1().27-64 .><1$ Polynomial ca1cs Page 1 of 1 1012912004 

### V E S009802RC . SlJL D Of P9bJtf9MlAL GQBBft.ADO H Fecii i'Y: F •cltlty 0 Locntl on : Anytown USA EnWu lon Uf\'t : BoMer Tnt Ootn : 111'1 ·1114 . 102, 1 17 • 1/fU03 

### ver- Eowtion Va l ue I l eon-etat l on &9uaUon: v • 3. 935 • · 0.83 a • 0 . 03137 x 1 

### I**~** 

# -"' .



# .,

::, 

# c ::, 

### s 1 

### = St.nn { ad) •**~** 3.**~**

# ~ m1l 

# - 4 •: 

### ss = 

### s.m ()t) 

## ·I " '"'

. so; • 

### su.n**<>~Y~** 

### • I 2Jl961 ST• S u m ()IQyl) i 36 . 101 del A .c. n 2 4 ·**2S2•StS3S2~S2 S3-S4**  1 1 • 5 . 8G&f>t07 "0 •**(S5S2$4-..S tS3S7~S2S** **OS3 S7S2S2·S3S3SS-S4S6S1Yda** **t** A a 3 . 935

b I = (nS6S4....S 5 SSS2•S2S1S7..s2S6S2-S7SJn.. S4S 1S S Yde4 A • .0 . 263 b2 •**('!$2S7.-S S6S21S** **~183·S2SZSS. SJ.S:6no$7S** **Ydec** A • 0 . 03 1 37 S ., • : 0• C1 • {SSS2..S1S4)10 •**•~ 1** 

### -~- 3 . 705**~** 2

_

12' 1£>02 

# I ... I C4 . (5 1 52 - 1\53)'0 

# . I ·3. ee?E-43 

### :.**~** 

### :-'**(nS 2:St** **~ ~**  _ 1 375E-04 C l •lj '"S11 v , 

## " • 

# ••**~** Sy•**~** r rtomr..bte •l 2.110

Vt ftQfl"' &a bl , U..· frotJ'I 

## ' "bl '

kl •w. ''\tf•

,> 1 , :



## ' 1673 

# .... l4 8.10



### x.. .... ...j 

## I v •**~12b ,**  

## · I 4 .20 I t .26>.,.. I 

### I 2G.38! • l ndi ct'ta tomlla1.iM.**C:O~IO nl**  i$ v ndclhtod.

PS-1 1 EQmO!e •U l-R 20 Runs**t().-21~.Jds** 

## Mrr_,* Surrmary Summary of**~on** C r k..V for PS.t 1 

### c.oerm 

# -. 

# .. ...... 

# _

# --? ""'-- 0..87$**~** 

# .... ,.. eon-....- 547%**;! 1~**  

# ,..**TOiefa~oe ~nav•**  1.C 4 % ;!25'111> 

# ,.. lndic3tel ootreltdon coe!lc:len1 il; undefned . Chedt for Corr eltlt lon Cur'Ve M lnlmurni Ma : ll:imum C orre lation c urve**mln m~.m**  polnl 4 20 M inimJm a!IO'wllblc •**WI~** 5.2 ls**correle~** (IJIV6 m lni iT'UTI < ri'l i m u m X vafut? 

# ........ COn'ela( ion c u rw rna:xiiT'UTI**I** NA Extraoola lion li !Nt for JC ( 125% of**~m** JC. \' a h.i$1 NA II <::OI'T'ett'DOn 

### CU"V• mea:hlurn > ottrei)Oia'W:ln iim!? NA Ptoc of Polynomia l Re-gression Cutve 

# .. c 12 

### 8 10**~** 8 y • 0 . 0314xJ ·0263 •b. • 3.9349 

## • 

# • 

# I • 8 •

# -~~**-;;-----;** l 2 0 0.0 

## • 

# • 

# •• 10. 0 1$ . 0**P'N EMSR~**  20.0 2$.0

P &- II C IIntltltorlf"" CIIWillon lfltuiKIWMwl Vi!'ltloll VI t012M:i4

1111t21XJ4 

## VES00980 3CALCULA J! ONS FOR LOGARITHMIC CORR ELATIO N Fa cility : Facility D Locat ion: Anytow n U SA Em ission Unit : Boiler Test Dates: 1111-11/4/02, 117·118103

Run -1-

2 

## 3 4 PMC EMS1 PM ' f"'.6. 1 1"":1 11 ATEO**~TA"'" ~TII"'At**  r"'IAO . x 

## I x ' = I n (x) 

## I y 

## I (x,-x')' 

## I ( y ,-y '" )'**(x'rx' '"** **](YrY ~**  y• 

## I (y",.y ,)' 6 . 7 1 . 902 3 . 1 0 . 3S5 13 . 653 2 .292 2. 717 0 . 1461 7 .6 2. 028 7A 0.244 0 . 366 -l> . 299 3.546 14 . 854 7.8 2 .054 2 . 1 0.219 22 . 0 43 2 . 19 8 3.717 2.614 9 . 2 1 2 .2191 3 . 71 0.09 21 9.5791 0 .9381 4 . 8021 1. 2 14 10. 1 1 -- ---z::l13 l

- - 

# s:1r o . O« I - 0.4831 - o . 14 6 l 5.416 1 o.4ss 11.1 1 2 . 4071 2 .81 0 . 0 1 3 1 15 . 9601 0 .4 6 1 1 6.036 1 10.47 3 12T- -**~485** - 4

_ gr- 0 . 00 11 3 . 5911 o .ot11 6. 5491 2 . 718 " 18.2 2 . 901 8 .3 0 . 144 2. 265 0 .570 9 . 287 0 . 974 9 13.7 2 . 617 4 . 5 0 . 009 5.267 - 0 . 2 1 8 7.420 8.525 10 1 4. 6 2 .68 1 8 .2 0 . 0 25 1. 974 0 . 223 7 . 836 0.131 11 1 9 .7 2.981 1 3 0 . 2 1 0 36 . 502 2.844 9 . 808 10.190 12 1 8 2.89

_ 0

_11 . 1

_ 0 . 1 35 - 18 . 533 -- 1 .584**~~ ..**  • ... 13 2 0 . 3 3.011 26 . 061 

### J 4 20 . 2 3.006 --**14 76** **~- ..:.:::::~** 

5 19.7 2 .981 9 . 2 0 . 210 5.764 1 . 11 I 1 6 5 . 2 1 . 649 2.4 0 . 763 19.31 6 3 .84v 1 . v;, • l. O<V '7 8.6 2. 1 52 4 . 8 0 . 137 3.980 0 . 739 4 . 359 0 . 1 95

8 14 . 1 2.646 6.2 0 . 015 0 . 354 -l> .0 74 7.609 1 . 985 9 1 4 . 5 2.674 7 0.0 23 0 . 042 0.031 7 . 793 0 . 629 1 ..:0 17 . 3 2 . 851 8 . 6 0 . 1 08 3 . 258 0 . 593 6 .954 0 . 1 25 

### I

PS-11 Example 4B-R 20 Runs 10.27-l> 4 . xl s L oga ri thm ic Cales Page 1 of 1 10/29/2004 

## VES009804RESU L TS OF LOGARIT HMI C CORRELATI ON Facility: Facility 0 Location : An ytown US A

Variabl e Eq u a tio n n Number of data pOi n ts 

# = ,: · 

# ,:- = 1 / n'(Sum of (,: 

### J) 

# = s

.'X. s, ,. = Sum(( x 'rx'-)-'2) 

### = y y- 

### = 1/ n'(Sum of**(y~)** = 

## s,. S,. 

### = Sum((yry-JA2) 

# = s,. s..,. 

# = S um((X' 1 · x'- )(y r y-)) 

# = bo bo

- y--b,x'- 

# = b , b, " 

### 5,r./S.y a 

# s.. S.. 

### = SQRT ( 1/ (n- 2) (Sum(y ,A-y 1 )"'2)) 

### = Y"m,.... y• a t mea n x value 

### =**~ ~**  from tab l e 

### =

Cl Ct 

### =**~'S.. 'SORT** **(1/n)** 

### = EL Emission Limit 

# = Cl% Cl% =C I /EL '1 00 % 

### = n ' n• = n 

### = v , v , from tabl e 

# = u •. 

### u . f r om table 

### = k r kc - U o' ''V o : T l !l 

# = kc ' SL - Tl% T l % 

### = !l/EL ' 100% 

### = Sy 5 1 

# = SQRT(5,.,J(n-1)) 

# = r• 

### i'- m 1-(5L '215,"2) 

### = r r 

# = 5QRT (( 1 · 5L'21 5 ,.' 2 )) 

# =

. Indicates CO<Telatlon coefficient is undefined .

P S. 1 1 Eltample 4 8-R 2<l Runt 1 0. 2 7.Q4 , XIo Val ue 20 2.52 3 .25

6 . 8 205 2 1.4 ·9 . 788 6.574 1 . 900 6 . 795 2 . 101 0.8 93

18 . 5 4 .82% 20 

### 1 . 384 

# un 1.6 29 3 .09 1 6 . 7% 3.289 0 . 666 0 . 8 1 6 Emissi on Unit : B oi ler Test Dale s: 1 11 1·1 1/4102, 1 17· 1 /8/03 !Correlation equati on: y 

# = - 9 .7 88 + 6 .574 Ln ( x) 

## I



# _

........ ..... 

# -· "'"'

_ . .. _, ,. _ ""'' 

# . ..... ,_ 

## ........ 

# -- .. Cr"erion Actual Al lowable Acceptable? Co rrela tion coefficie nt 0 .8 1 6 >0.85 no Co nfidence i n terva l 4. 82%**10%** yes T o l eran ce i nt erva l 16 .7% < 25% yes



### - Indicates correlation coe fficient is unde fin ed. P6ot of Logarithmi c Regrosslon Curvo



# . • • ; I g 1 2

# ~ y = 6 . 5743l.ti(•J. 9.7878 -,.. 'g 10 

# i : u 4

### ~ 2 ... 0 0 .0 5 . 0 10.0 15.0 P M CE M S Response 20 .0 25 .0

PS·1 1**Cor~ti on**  Test Ca\cul l:ii U on Sp r eadsheet Verolon 2-6 10125/o.

Log•rit hlric SUmm01Y

## ~ VE$009 80 5Facili ty : Facility D Location: Anytown USA PMCEMS Run X CALCULATIONS FOR EXPONENllAL CORRE L ATION

PM conce nt ratiO n mg!aan Tr Emission Unit : Boller Test Date s: 11 /1- 11 /4102 , 1/7 - 118/03

rA r rr ".A TED**STI~ STICAI,_PARAMETERS**  

# I Ln (y) 

# I (x,- x "f 

# I ('l r Y'i' 

# I (x,-x"X'I.-Yl 

# I y• 1 IY'\"Y r r 

### y= 3.1 j

-- 1 . 1_3 1[ 45 . 291 0.4291 4.409 1 1.1571 0.001 7.41 2 .0011 33 .991 0.0461 -1 . 2531 1 .24 11 0.578

_ 2 . 11 - 0.7_'121 31. 701 1.0911 5 .88 11 1 . 2601 0.268 3 . 7 1 1 .308 1 17 .891 0 . 2291 2.0231 1 .39 1 1 0 . 007 5 

# I 10 . 11 6 . 1, 1 .808 1 11 . 091 0 . 000 , · MI3 l !-475 1 0 . 111 6 

### I 11 . 11 2 . 81 1 .030 5 . 43 0 . 573 1.763 • . .,91**u.~** '7 '"'21 A n 4 .589 2 . 04 0.039 0 . 282 "**~~,.,** "'' I u I • u . .ll v,.ll 2 . 116 22 . 75 0. 1 09 1 . 573 < ·<'-'.II u., n ,..., "7 "**~ ~**  ____ 0,0 1 ___ Q,O:f:K) _ __ -Q n-."" " " """" """ •v ' " · " u.c 2.104 1.37 0 . 1 01 0 . 372 1 .896 0 . 043 1 1 19 . 7 13 2.565 39.31 0 . 606 4.881 2.373 0 . 03< 12 18 11.1 2.407 20.88 0 . 385 2.836 2.214 0.037 13 20 .3 11 . 9 2.477 47 .20 0 . 476 4 . 741 2 .429 0 . 002 I ..**~ ~**  1 0.6 2 .36 1 45 .83 0.330 3 .889 2.420 0 . 003 9.2 2.219 39.3 1 0.187 2 . 713 2 . 373 0 .024 2 .

41 0 .875 1 67.73 1 0 . 8301 7.4981 1.0111 0 . 020 I 4 . 8 1 1 . 569 1 23.331 0 . 0471 1 .05 2 1 1 . 3351 - 0 . 0551 6 .2 1.825 0.45 0 . 001 0.026 1. 849 0 . 001 19 1 . 0251 0 . 171 1 1 . 8871 0 . 004 20 8 . 61 2 . 1521 14 . 981 0 . 1331 1 . 4141 2 . 1481 

## o .ooo I

P5-11 Example 48 -R 20 Ru n s 10- 27 -04 . x ls Expo nen tial Cales Page 1 of 1 1 0/29/2004 

### VES009806RESULTS Of EXPO NENDAL COBBELATION**Facll~y:** Foc:lllty 0 Location : Anytown US A

V!!!!_ble n**~** X Sn 

## T s,.,. 

### s,. 

# ....



# ... o,**~** y'AmNII



## .L SL = ! ;t • 

### ua :

: I 

### ..!:!.... v, 

### ...!!!...

k, Tl' L1

r

PS- 1 1**ll~** 48-ft 20 Runs 10.27 .()4 Jill Equalion V•tue'polntax-**~** 1/ n '(Som ol**(x )**  = ____32 13.43 S .,. •**m((~ ""** **)"2 )**  = y'- = 1 /n"(S u m of (y ' 1 ) ) • S,.,. = Sum( (fd'-) •2) = 47 1 .8 1 .786 5 . 72 5,: • Sum( ("r X

-)(y'r'J'-)) • bt' e f-b,)c-- c 4-4 . 12 0.531**~>,•** ..... 

### · = b, 

### =S,..IS ... 1 .700 0 .094 0 .298 

### Y" at mea n x valuo = 1 .786 1 1 f rom tablo a 2 . 1 01 cr 

### =**~·st SORT!tln** **l** = o.1JilB 

### • I •. 647 

### 1 ua.· • y•' + cr 1.926 0.837

1 8.5 4 . 52% n ' • n • 20 v, r

rom table • 1 .3 84**t~n-** f rom tebto • 1, 171 k1 • u,tv 1 = 1.629 T

l ' 

### =k, ' Sl• l 0.485 LTL" • ,-· • Tl ' l 1 . 302 un • w y-r .. . 

### n = !o"UR' -1"1. 

## n: 

# il .. l007 5 . 3% 0 . 549 S,. = :**~** r 

### =**~** OS • )= 

## >

·I o.706 > 

### • I o.s40 Emis sion Un1t : B oflef Test Dotos : 11 1 1·1tW02.1n-1111103 

# I correlation equation : y 

### = 1 . 700 e ._.,.. • 

# I

.. ... ... _... ..... ... ,_,.,.

# .. _, 

# ... . .... 

# ·-· . ., - 

# . . Q l tet lon Actua l Attowablo Acceptal> l e? 

### I Cot r elalion ooeffitian l 0.640 !.0 . 8.5 no Confidence ill$rVal 4 . 52% ! 10% yes Tolefance intetvaJ 16.3%**~25% --**  • Indicates 

# -Uon ooetfc:ient is u ndefined . Pfot of**E~ntla£** Rl'gress ion Curve**••r--- ----------** **---- --** **-- --------** **----~** 12 & 10 1i 

# r " 

# . l • 2 

# •**7eo.~** 

## • • 

# •**-· L-** **---- ------** **-- --** **----~ ------** **-- ----** **~** 0 . 0 

# • • •**Eq)af!~t8** 8u!m'IEiry t O . O 

# ,

# ... 2 0 . 0**MCBIS ~** 

PS.-1 1 Corrftncn Ttill C IICcu laii M**Sc>ttt~dl!tleat V.** **~bn** 2 •8 ll)l<!tllt)t 25 . 0 _j I 

### I

l ll'28120 1M 

### VES009807Facility: Fa c ility D Locatio n: Anyt o w n USA



### Run

1 PM CEMS1 X 6.7

- 7.1 

## T. C AL CULAT IONS FOR POWER CORRELAT IO N Em i ss i on Un i t : Boiler T e s t O a t "' : 11 / 1 -1 1 /4/02 , 1 n· 1 /8/03 PM I CA LC U LA TED STATIST I CA L PAR AMETERS x' 

# = L

n(x) 

# I y 

# I y' 

# = L

n (y) 

# I (x' r n 2 

# I (y' rY'"'i' 

# I ( x ',x'") (y ' r 'Y'") 

# I y ' ' 1 \Y i' ' Y;I"**~** 3 .1 1 1 . 131 1 0 . 385 1 0 . 429 1 0.406 1 1 . 1 00 1 0 . 0010

### ~ 7 .4 2.00 1 - 0 . 1 06 0 . 5802**~** 2. 1 0 . 742 0.489 - ----



### . 301ll_ 0 .0921 02291 0 . 1451 1 . 4511 0 .0204 1 3 1 6 . 11 1 .806 0 .044 0 .000 -0. 005 1. 554 0 . 0&45 [_ " 1 1 . 11**~.407 1**  2. 81 1.030 0 .013 0 . 573 0 . 087 1 . 659 0.3959 1

- ·-**485 1**  4 . 9 1 1 .589 0 . 00 1 0 .039 0 . 007 1 . 745 - --·· 11 ! .90 1( 8.3( 2 .1 1 6 ( 0 .1 4 4 ( 0.109 ( 0 . 1 25 1 2 .206( Q._0080 2.611 4 .5 1. 504 o. oo 9 0.080 - 0 . 027 1 . 89 2 o . 1s02 

### I 1 o v**.~ l**  2.68 1 8. 2 2.104 0 . 025 0 . 101 0 . 050 1. 96 2 0 . 0202 

### I l 11 19 . 7 1 2.981 1 3 2 . 565 0.210 0 . 606 0.357 2 .293 0 .0737 I

· - · - 2 .890 11 . 1 2.407 0 . 135 0 . 385 0 .228 2.194 0 .0455 !381 0 . 4761 .**o.337T-2.3~** o . o:zt 10. 6 1 2 . 36 1 1 0.2341 0 . 3301 0 .27 8 1 2 .32 11 0.001 1 10 0.18 7 0 . 198 2 . 293 0 .005

. 7631 0.630 1 0 . 796 1**8~ 01**  o .oo; 2. 1 52 1 4 . 81 - 1.569 1-- 0. 1 37 1 -- 6:-04 71 - 0.08 11 - 1 . 3 7 71 0.03 1 1 8 

### I 1 4 . 1 1 2 . 646 1 6 . 21 1 . 8 251 0 . 015 1 0.001 1 0.0051 1. 9231 o. DO! 19 I 14 . 5 

### 1 2 . 674 

### 1 7l 1 . 946 ! o . 023 I 0.02s l o .024I 1.954 

### 1 o .ooo . I

_ _::: 20

::... 17 . 3 2 851 8.6 2 . 152 0 . 108 0 . 133 0 . 120 2 . 150 0 . 0000

P$-11 Example 48-R 20 Runs 10-27-04 . xls Powe r Ca l es P age 1 of 1 1 012912004 

## VES009808RESUL T S Of P QWER COBBE , LATIQN Faclllty : Facility 0 LocatJon: Anytown USA



### V!!!!!>fe n 

### 7 S.v 

## 7 .1n:.. S. v b, 

### s '(". So. = : 

## v20 2 .522 

### s,., = S um((x' ,. x'•)"2 ) = 3.26 1 '{·• 1 /n ' (S • •nof(y!l)• 1 . 786 Syy• SUm( ( y'rf•)'2 ) . 5 .72 Syy 

## = Som((X' r x'

· )(l"d· l l 

## = 3 . 86 1 bo

' • )"-b 1x - 

### =I · 1. 00'1] : = 0.367 

## b,. 

# S.t S..· · I 1.wa: ) = 0.311 f•**aurMJ~n** x Wiue - 

### • I 1 .i8G .**~** 1n>m table 

## = I 2.101 1 Cl 

### = t ,' S L 'SORT( l in) =

UCL ' • 

### v -·• ( C t = ( e"UCL' • ---)I! CL EtrUsklo Urrit = 10..:)**~** CI% = CIIEI.'IOO% = 4 ,7 311. n' n'•n = 20 .,., v, trom ta ble= 1.384**~** 

# I**-table** 

# ·1 1 . 1 77 · kr k, • u_.·v, • t .6-29 , TT 

### I Tf' = k,S. ., O.M7 [ fi' I LTL' . - .... • Tf' 1 . 280

( r

111$· 1 1**E,~.c&fl20Rll ne**  10.27-<».t!S 

### S,• : r'• r =**~** 

### un· .. ..,.... • Tl" 2.293 VTI .' • e'LT L ' 3, 1 64 = ' ri1E I : 100% = 17 . I ))• 0Sol9

) • 0 . 67 9 } • 0 . 824 E minion UnU : Boile.-

T .. t Dato s: 1 111·11/4102 . ln-t/8103**corr e~n**  equa

tio n -: - y • 0 . 3665 x ..,.., ]



# ......

# _ ........ 

# _ ... . . ........... . .... 

# · - "'' 

# . 

# -- .. Cri t erion 

# """'"' Al lowable Aooeptabfn? Corre l ation coefficlen 4 0.824 

### ::.o. ss no Conndenc.e itrtef\181 4.73%**~10%** yes TOIO!anteimM'al 17.0ll.**~25%** yes 

# . lndlcateo OO<r8ation _,io 

# undo- .

Plot of Power Function Regru.s lon C..V. 

# •• r----- -- -------- -- -------------------, 1 2 . c 

# r o 

# 1 : Y =**3665x OQ**  

# • • • 

# • i! • 2

# ·~~~~ • so 10. 0 200 2S O 15. 0 00**CEMSR~**

Power &lmrrltrr $. 1 1 Coffelalion 1$$1, jcol..., .. 

### s ... - 

# ,.,._



# ·- VES009809SELECTION OF B EST MODE L Emlooio n U nit: Boiler F acility ; Location ; Fac ility o Anytown USA lost Dates ; 1111·1114102, 1 17·11 8103 Mode l CO<Tel ati on ?. 0 .85 ? Confidence lmerval**~** 1 0%? Tolerance l ntetV& IIIa H coeffi cient ( a) h a lf ran g e pe r c entage ra ng e percentage Li nea r 0.861 Yes 4.25% Yes 14 .7 % P o lvn omi al 0 . 875 Yes 5. 47% Y es 14 .4% Loaa rithmlc 0 . 816 No 4.82% Y es 1 6.7% Hal 0 . 840 No 4 . 52 % Yes 1 6 . 3 % Pow et 0 . 824 No 4 . 73 % Y e s 17. 0 % (a ) • i nd icat es cone lati on coeffic ient is und ellned ; mode l d oes not s a ti sfy crit e ri o n . (b ) Not a p plica b le : crite rion a pp li es on l y t o po l yn om ial model.

PS- 11 COn'e i M I On T oM**ak:ulation** Sproa cl s hee\ ersion 2-6**1~** PS·11 Exampl e 4 B ·R 20 Ru ns 1 0.27-<l4 .xls Be s t Modal**~2 5%** **?** M i nimax within Does model meet al l all owable range? aite<la? Yes ( b) Ye s Y es Y es Yes Yes b No Yes b No Yes b No Bat model ; Po lynomial

10/2912004 

## VES009 810

# A ppendix A.6 Complete R es ults of Ex ample No.4 - With Run 2 Ex cluded

VE S009811

### CO RRELATION TEST PM CEMS AND REFERE N C E METHOD TEST DATA PMC E MS PM concenltalion t&!<llOnse ma / acm Run X 

### v

1 6 . 7 3 . 1 3 7.8 2.1 4 9 .2 3.7 5 1 0. 1 6.1 6 1 1 . 1 28 7 1 2 .0 4 .9 8 18 .2 8.3 9 13 . 7 4 .5 10 14 . 6 8 . 2 11 1 9 . 7 13 12 18 . 0 1 1 . 1 13 20 .3 11 . 9 14 20 .2 10 . 6 1 5 19 .7 9.2 16 5 . 2 2 . 4 17 8 .6 4 . 8 18 1 4 . 1 6 .2 1 9 14 . 5 7 20 17.3 8.6

PS.1 1 Examp l e 4C - R 1 9 Ru n s 10-27-04 . xls Facility : locat ion: Emlulon Unit : Test Dates: Emission l im it :

14 1 2 c 10

. !l 

## f 

## c: 8 

# • " c 0 0 6 . :IE 

# .. 4 · 2 0 0.0

Test Data Facility 0 Anytown USA Boiler 11 1 1 ·11 / 4102 , 117-1 1 8 1 03 Va lue

18 .5



# • • 5.0 

# • • Unite mg/acm



# • • • • 1 0 .0 

# • 

# • • 

# •

15 . 0 P M CEMS Response 

# • •• 

# • • 

# • •

20.0 25 . 0

Page 1 of 1 10/29 / 2004 

## VES009!!12Fac ili ty : Facility D Loca tion: Anytown USA Ru n

1 P MCEMS 

# I PM X 6 . 7 

### 7:ii CALCULATIONS FOR UNEAB CORRELATION Emission Unit : Bo ile r Tut Dates : 11 / 1-11 /4f02. 1 17 -1 / 810 3 C

ALCU LATED ST A' y (x,x ") 

### 2 

# I (Y r n 2 

# I (x. r x"l<YrY · ) 

## I Y' 

## I <Y'rY i 3 . 1 13 . 42 25 .78 0 . 581 2. 1 21 . 75 27 . 68 0 . 864 1.71 20.58 

# 1 - 9.38r - 1 3.9w= - 3 . 91F 0.04n 13.2

_ 3 0. 44 2.41 4 . 476 2.638 2.81 6 .95 1 15 . 71 1 1 0.45 1 5 . 105 1 5 . 312 ' 12 3.47 3.24 0 . 594 • 1 8 .2 2 . 36 6.86 1 . 6 1 ?

---- 9 1 3 . 7 4 .5' 0.00- -----s-. 12 0 . 08 6 . 740 5.011 1 0 14.6 8.2 0.75 2 .06 1 . 24 7 . 306 0.799 I 11 19.7 13 35 . 56 38 . 90 37 . 19 1 0 . 513 6 . 183 I 12 18 11 . 1 18 . 17 18.81 18.49 9 . 444 2.741 1 1 3 20 .3 1 1.9 43.08 26.39 33.71 1 0.891 1.019 1 I • • M**~** 1 0.6 4 1 . 77 1 4 . 72 24 . 80 10 .828 0.052 I**·~.fl** 9 . 21 35.56 1 5.94 1 14 . 531 10 . 5131 1.725 

## 1 I 19.04 

## 1 37.25 

## 1 1 .394 

## 1 1 . 011 4 . 8 26.39 3.85 10.08 3.533 1 . 606 •u**·~··** 0.32 ..0 . 20 

### u.ou

.,., '"•**~** "" 1'\ .C: D 0 . 06 0 , 18 0 . 059 8 . 61 1 2 . 701 3 . 37 1 6 . 541 9.0041 0 . 1 63

P$-1 1 Example 4C-R 1 9 Runs 1 0 - 27-04 . x ls Unea r Calcs 

### Page 1 of1 10

/2912004 

### VES009813Facilit y: Facility D locat i on: A nytown US A

PS- 1 1 Example 4C·R 19 Ru n s 10 · 27 -04 . x ls R ESULTS OF LI N EA R CORRELATIO N Em is s i on Un it : Boiler Tes t Da t e s: 1 1 / 1·11 /4/02 , 1/7-1 / 8103 [torre t at

lOii ii9Uilti0il:

- - - y**~** - 1 .8 7 6 + o . s29X 

## 1

""uonno .. o ""' 

## ""'"-- 

# ......**~** 

### .... rlteria for PS 

# .. C riteno n Actual AllOwable Acceptable? CorrelaUon coeffi cie n t 0 . 9 12**85** yes Confidence i nle!V3 1 3 . 63% 5,10% yes**To~ ran** **ce** i nterva l 1 2 .4 % 5,25% yes • I n dicates correlation coeffi d e nt is u n defin ed .

1 4 

### g 1 2 

# j**~** 1 0 

### i 

## a u 8 < 0 4 <.) 

# "' 2 

# .. 0 0.0 P lot o f Lh'lear Ragteaslon LJna 

# • • y • 0 . 6289x • U75 g

5.0 10. 0 15.0 20 . 0 25. 0 P M CE M S R esponse

P5- 1 1 Con lle1 10f1 Tlffil Cab.l lalion Spre ad sheel

### ~.._.**u 1~** 

L

inear S u m mary Linear Su mma ry 

### VES0098 14Fac.iJ ity; Facility 0 Loeadon : Anytown USA PMCEMS PM COf1Cefltrallon 

### resoan "' mnlac;m Run X v

1 8.7 3.1 3 7.8 2.1 4 9.2 3 . 7 5 10.1 6.1 6 '1 . 1 2 . 8 1 1 2 4 . 9 8 18.2 8 . 3 9 13.7 4.5 10 1 4.6 8.2 1 1 19.7 1 3 12 18 11 . 1 13 20 . 3 1 1 . 9 14 20.2 1 0.6 1 5 19 . 7 9.2 1 6 5.2 2.4 17 8.6 4.8 1 6 14 . 1 6 .2 19 14 . 5 1 20 17 .3 8.8

PS. 11 Example 4 C.R 19 Runs 1().27-04 .><!5 CALCULADO N S FO R POLY!!OI!!IAL CORRELATIO N Em tsaJon Un it: Beil er Tott Dale s: 1111-11 1 410:!, 117-118103 CA L CULATED STATI STICAL PARAMETERS x' x' 

# " XV 

### >lv v" lv"

-vl'

45 301 2.015 2 1 139 2.1l08 0.038 61 470 3 . 702 16 1 26 3 . 246 1.313 85 n9 7 1 64 34 313 3 . 770 0005 102 1 030 10406 62 622 4 161 3 . 761 123 1,368 15 181 31 345 4 . 644 3.400 144 1728 20 . 736 59 706 5. 1 23 0 . 050 33 1 6 029 109 .720 1 51 2 749**~9** 1 . 610 168 2571 35.228 62 845 8 . \44 2 . 702 213 3, 112 45.4 37 120 1.748 6 . 745 2.118 388 7 645 1 50614 256 5045 1 0 . 944 4.227 324 5832 104978 200 3596 9 . 394 2 . 910 .,2 8 . 365 169.818 242 4904 11 . 527 0.1 39 406 8 242 166.497 214 4, 325 1 1.426 0 . 666 388 7 .645 150 .6 14 1 81 3.570 1 0 944 3 .042

27 141 731 12 65 2 . 543 0.020 74 636 5.470 41 355 3 . 533 1 . 606 199 2 ,603 39525 67 1 233 6.406 0 .042 210 3,049 44 .206 102 1472 6 . 676 0.105 299 517 8 89,575 149 2. 514 8.800 0 . 040

Pot)'lomla l C<llcs della l vl...,..i' 0 . 2329 13.42 0 , 1432 2 1. 75 01039 9.38 0 . 1035 0 .44 0 . 1125 15 . 71 0 . 1 21 5 3 .4 7 0 .0983 2.36 0 . 1262 5 . 12 0. 1195 2 .06 0.1725 38 . 90 0 .0948 1 8.81 0.2351 26.39 0 . 2230 14 . 72 0 . 1725 5.94 0.49 24 1904 0.1131 3 . 85 0.1239 0 . 32 0. 1205 0 .06 0. 0904 3.37 Cl 1.35 1 .00 0 . 90 0.90 0.94 0 . 97 0 . 88 0.90 0.97 1 . 16 0 . 88 1 . 36 1 . 32 1 . 16 1.96 0.94 0 . 96 O

.Y'I 0 . 84

Page 1 o f1 101291200 4 

### VES009815AE,SUlJ$ QE f:OI.! N OMIAL CORRE bAD ON F-ly : Faelfly D location : Myt.own USA EmiUfon Unit: Boiler T est Datu : Hl 1o11f4102. 1 17·111103**v~ .Y!'** **~** 19 lcorrel atlan !Q u...tion : y • 2. 18i • ·OM7 a • 0 . 0 258 6 x 1 

### I 

### s. 

## --.;- 5,



### s. 

# s:-



# _

... 

# •**~** St •Sum(l!C5) = S2.**~** 

### -sr;;

S4 •l S5 • &.wn (yQ • 

### ""'So.' - 261 4,o-2 1**~** 1. 17 .!,!!1 129 $7 • S u m (Jii2Y I) • .,.. ,,**~** dol A • n S284 ·S2S 7. 2•S1S3S2- · 3n..s28 1 S3-.: . $ 1 5 1 

### = $ 9i5E+07 '- 0 • (SS$2S4•S1S3S7•$286S3-S7$2S2 S3S3S$-S4$6SI)f dat A • " ....... bl • Cn66SA • SSS3S2 .. $2S1S7

- S'2S6S2·S7S3n-S4S185)fdeol: A . b2 • (nS2S7..S1S5S2•S5S153-S2S2S6-SJS6n..S7S1S1Wd**A~** .o.ll67 0 . 029.16 

### s.• : 0' L 3t8 

### •82 $ 1 S3-S 2 2 a 5 J,45 E: ril7 

### co • )I'D • 3.902 

# I .... I C1 : ($3$2-$154)'0. I -0.61



### - c:z • (S 1 SJ..SZZ;o • 

### c

v, 

# ... 

# ., s;-



# .. ,

r**25~**

P$-11 EX(tti'CIIe 4c.R 1 9 RuM. IC).27.Q4 , xl$ Sy•• 1 . 024E• C4 = : 

## -:mae:**~** 

### .... -· 1 2.120 1 Cl •t t S11**"tqrt(dett3 1'1** **)** • 1%•**la~ l** 

•• him 18ble ..**~J,~ffomla '** * 

# -,,gs**~a ·**  ? •**~** 

## ,. : I = un"" -A• 1.694 

### """i':233 "12: 

# r,, • 1 s 1· 1)• 3:**~>07 ,**  0.641 0 . 921 1 . 29 25.38**~Sumn11ry** $ufMW'J' of**~nc.** 

## Crit.,._ for PS-1 1 O ltsrion Actu al AIGwable Accclp1 abl e ? Co r re l ation coefflc ie n t 0 . 92\**!.0 ~**  )'96 

# Coo- · - 4 . 54 %**~** 1 0%. 

# ,... Tdetanee n.rv.l 1Z.1%**~** 

### .... 

# ,..

- fnticetea; CDn'Mat'CW'I coemtlent • unde,..ed Chec k f or Con eta 1 1

o n CUN • M k'l-.,umiMAxh nu n • ConeliJC'Ion CUIW mntn u m point 1.29**t.l~** llow.tl)e X YftiJe 52 IS ccnela'lion CIJI"'Ie tN1Irun c mfninun x velut? Y<S C

orrelation cvve m a :dm u m 001 n 1 NA Extrapoi&Oon lld for x { 1 21!% of maxi ii'UTI )t va lue N A b correlaicn Qrote ft'laXtnum > e:atrapo:lilllon n ma? 

# ""' P l ot of**~~ noml.ai**  RegrHslon Curve 1 4 

## • j 12**y•O~ o..D67•**  • 2.18$ 

## • 

## • t! tO 

## • ! 8 

# • • • u 6 

## • c Q 

## • 

## • u 

# • 2 

# .. 2 

# .. • • 0 0.0 $.0 10,0 15 . 0 20 .0 25.0 PM CE. MS R.npo,.. '--**Pf.ll~T** ..

## t:;·~ 

# .. ,......,.

1 t/ 1 /20()1



### VES 00981 6CA L CULATION S FOR L OGA R I T H M IC CORRELATI O N Focility : Facility D Emission Uni.t: Boile r Loca.tion: Anytown USA Test Da t es: 11 1 1-11 /4 1 02 , t n-1/810 3 P MCEMS 1 PM 

# ""'" ' " A.TEO**STATISTICAL~·~** Run

_ X



# _I )('_: I n 

### (x} 

# L y 

# l (x,-x'l' 

# l (y , y" )' j(x' r f)(yd)j 

# r l (Y"rYII' 6.7 1 . 902 3 . 1 0 . 418 13 . 419 2.367 2.082 1 .0371 1**~** 1 7 . 8 2 .054 2 . 1 0 .244 21 .745 2 . 305 3 .183 1 . 1731 I • I 9 .2 2 . 219 3 .7 0 . 108 9 .383 1 . 008 4 . 379 0 . 461 10 . 1 2 . 313 6 . 1 0 . 056 0.440 0 . 156 5 . 055 1.092 1 6 

### I 11 . 1 2 . 407 2.8 0 . 02Q 15 . 707 0.560 5 . 739 8 . 6361**~** 12 2 . 485 4 .9 0.004 3 .4 71 0 . 118 6.303 1.9701 18 .2 2.90 1 8.3 0 . 1 25**f-** 0 . 543 9 . 321 1 .Q<'" 13. 7 2.617 4 .5 0 . 005 5 .122 ..0 . 156 7 . 26 3 7 . E 14 . 6 2 .681 8 . 2 0,018 2. 065 0 . 19 1 7 . 724 

## o .... 1 1 1 

### I 19 . 7 2 . 981 13 0 . 167 36 . 898 2 . 696 9 . 694 9 . 64 .. I 12 

## I 1 8 2 .890 11 . 1 0. 117 18 . 808 1 . 483 9.241**45 ~**  1 3 20 .3 3.01 1 11.9 26 .367 3.198 1 4 20 . 2 3.006 10.6 14 . 7 2 1 0 . 275 19 . 71 2 .9811 9 .21 0.18 71 5 . 9361 1 .0531 9 . 8941 0.482 1 6 

### I s.2 1 . 649 2.4 

## o . 809 19 . 037 3 .926 0 . 246 4 . 641 I 1 7 

### I 8.6 2.152 4.8 0 . 157 3.65 4 0 . 779 3 .890 0.8 28 •• 14 . 1 2.646 6.2 0 . 0 1 0 0 . 317 ..0.055 7.472 • - - - 1 •• I 1 4 . 5 2 . 674 7 0,016 0 . 056 0.030 7 . 6 7 4 u . 'to;)j 20 

### I 17 . 3 2.651 8.6 0 .09 1 3.374 0 .555 

### 8 . 953 0.1 2·

PS - 11 Example 4C-R 19 Runs 10- 27-04 . x ls L oga rithm i c Cales P agel of 1 10/2912004 

## VES009!!17Facility : Facil i ty D Location : Anyt own USA

P'S- 11**Exa~te** 4C-R 1-9 RuN 10·27 -04 . ldll RESULTS OF LOGARITHMIC CORRELAJION Emission Unit: Boil•r Te s t Dates : 11/ 1 - 11/4/02,1/7-1/8/03 !Correlation equation : y 

# = - 11 . 697 + 7 . 244 ln(x) 

## I



# --··· · ··-· ....**~""'"'"'** 

## ........ . ... 

# _ ......._.......... . . Crite rion A ctu al Al l owable Correlatlon coeffident 0 .867 ?. 0 . 85 Confide nce i nte rval 4 .40% :; 10% Tol erance Interva l 1 5 . 0% :;.2:> %



## . Indicates correlalion coeffident l s u ndefined . Pl ot of L.ogarUhmle Rear•sJJon Curve 1 4



### . 8 t2 

# s 10 ; 8 

# i 6 0 4 y = 7. 2 44Lil(x) • 11 . 697 

# • • :1 2 IL 

# • 0 0 . 0 5 . 0 10.0 15.0 PM CfMS R e.ponse 

# ••

20 .0 A cceptable? yes yes yes

25 .0**Ps.11~Tesl** Cele ul ation Sproadsheet VOf'Gion 2-6 1 0125/ 04

L ogeriltlmic: SUimlaJY 10f2912004 

## VES009818CALCULAJIONS FOR EXPONENTIAL CORBELATION Fa cility : Facility 0 Emission Unit: Boiler location : Anytown USA Test Oates : 11/1-11/4/02 , 117·1/8/03 PM PMCEMS Ru n X y y' 

### = Ln(vl 0 .0() 11 . 1 1 2.81 1 . 0301 6.951 0.556 1 1. 9661 1. 5001 0 . 2:

,**"** 1.589 0.323 O.OOv 8 8 . 3 2 .1 16 1 . 522 

## o.o · · 9 1 13 . 7 1 4 . 51 1.504 1 

## o.oot o m: 1 1 19 . 7 1 3 2 . 565 1 2 18 11 . 1 2 . 407 1 8 . 17 0.399 2 . 693 2 . 219 0.035 13 20.3 1 1.9 2 . 4 77 43 .0fll_**49~** 4 . 603_! 2.45l!J.**o~-** 1 4 20.2 10.6 2 .361**~-** - ;:-:-;;, --- - - I 15 19 . 7 9 .2 2 .2 19 35 .58 0 . 197 2 . 648 2 .397 0 . I 16 5.2 2.4 0.87 5 72 .88 0 .809 7.661 0.886 O.vvv I

·- • • 4.8 1 . 569 26 . 39 0.04 3 1 . 061 1 . 240 0 .• • • 1 • s . 21 1 .8251 

### o . f3JQ.oo2]- -o,o1 8L - _ f8l3 l

- 

### o. ooo 1 9 1 4 . 5 1.9461 0.581 0 .029 1 0. 1301 1.855 1 0 . 008 !0 1 7.3 8 .61 2 . 1521 12 . 701 0. 1 4 2 1 1 . 342[ 2 . 1 4 6[ 0.000

PS -11 Examp le 4 C-R 19 Runs 10 - 27-04.Jds Expone nti al Ca l es Page 1 of 1 10/2912004 

## VES0098l9RESULTS Of E XPQNEH D Al CORRELA!10H Facility : Fo cllky 0 location: Anytown USA



# v..-. n 

### -; 

# s.. 5,v 

## s.,.



# ... . 

# ... b 

## s.. 

## I s.. '/", L • 

## u Equoiion v-**~r** data ints • 19 x- = 1/ n ' (Sum of**(X~ )**  • t3.74 

### s ., = Sum((., · x -)'2 ) • . 436.0 y'-**•1Jn~ol(y' ~).**  t . 775 5,v = Sum((Y'r l"-)'2) • 5.67 s.,. o**um((~· -)** **(y rlf-))**  •

.... = y--b ...... = ba • e'tl,' 

## =I 1.410 b, = 

### S ,,S,m- 0 . 1 04 ) 1111: 0 . 235 '(" etmoan x vMJt• l 

### 1. ns t, fro m ta b l e-= ! 2 . 11 0 I ' • 0.1 t 35 

## ·'.

. ' = y=' + Cl = (<>" U C L' • e' L CL 

# t .._ t ErM!i on U m Ct . " 

### err.**CIIEL 10Dil** 

### ~ .

### -~· v, 

### I Vt fro m ta b l e • 1 . 40 0 u, 

### I 14. • from ,_ • t, 

### I t , •u.-v , ... T l ' 

### I T l ' 

### = k," S l = 

# u - LTL ' = 

## v:· :rr UR'Gr' .. Tf



### .. r. VTl '· e"LTL)'2

T

l % • TVEL. 100% • S. · = : t . 178 t . &49 0 . 387 1 . 

### 2.

_ 2

• 0 . 561 r r" • 

# ) =

' 0825 )= 0 . 909 r ' • l nclcat es 1 1 t Jl 1

P$-11 ba"'*' 4C-R t ll lll.uns to:Q.o.uts Emis. lf on Unit : Boiler T

n t Dote. : 11 /1· 1114'02. 1/7·1 18103 l corre l-; tlon e q u--; tio n: y sa 1. 4 1 0 - o

-----o:-1 042

· - )



# ... ... . ... .. .. .... "' 

# ...... fO i l .....- .......... . . , .... r OI"I I Ct l tEM' Ion Actual AIIOw ab&e A ccept ab l o? Corr• I Btion coeffiCien t 0.909 ,!0 . 85 yeo

### ~- 3 . 63%**~1CW.** yes T

otemnoe i nterval 12 . 6 % !25% yes 

# . l ndtcates OOf'I'Otat l on coeftlden t is**~ed** Pfo t o f E x pon •nUe l Reg reuJo n Curv e 

## " 

# • 12 

# r·**~** 

# . a 

## 8 & y 

### = 1 . 4 101e0. 1 0<12 11 

# • • • 

# • L < 2 0OJ) 

# .. I OJ> 

# . ... :><> D 25.0 Pill CEM'S A ...

pon.e

S.11 CortoQtion T 6! 1

Elp!)M'*<II SumtN"f 

# I"'""""" VES0 0 9 8 20CALCU LATIO N S FOR POWER CORRELATION Facility: Facility D Eml8$lon U nit : Boi ler Location: A n ytow n USA Test Dates : 11 / 1-11/ 4 /02 , 1/7 -1 / 8 /03 P M • P M CE MS 1 Tr CALCULATED STATISTICAL PARAMETERS Run x 

# I x· 

### = L n (x) 

# I Y 

# I y' 

### = L n ( y ) 

# I ( x 'c"'l 2 

# I ( y

'rY'"f**l< ><rx'")(** **>I** 

### y • • 1**t" Y~**  6 . 7 1 -- 1.!162T -- 3 . 1 1 1. 1 31 1 0.418 1 0.41 41_ 0 . 4 1 6 1 0.9 75 1 0 . 0245**~** 7 . 8 2 . 054 0 . 742 0 .511 0.1773 '**~ ~**  2. 2 1 9 1 .308**~** 1 54 0 .0035 1( -2.3 1 3 1 6 . 11 1. 80 8 1 o . o56 1 0 . 00 1 1 -o .oo8 1 1. 4 831 0.1058 1'**~8 _**  1 . 0301 0 .0201 0.5561 0 . 1051 1 . 6001 0.3253 4 .9 1 1 . 58 9 1 0. 004 1 0. 03 51 0 .0 1 2 1 1. 69 7 1 0 .0 1 15 2:00IT - -8 . 3L __ 2 . 1j 6 l _ Q. 1 2 !;l _ 0 . 1161 0.120 1 2. 2 121 o.oo92 2 . 6171 4 . 5 1 1 . 5041 0 . 0051 0.0731 .0 . 0191 1 .8611 0. 1271 -. 6 [ 2.68 1 1 8 .2 [ 2. 10 41 0. 0181 0 . 10 81 0 . 044[ 1 . 9 391 0 .027 1 " 1 9 . 7 2 . 981 1 3 2 . 585 0 . 1 8 7 0 . 624 - 0 . 34 1 2 . 31 1 0.064 7 12 18 2 . 890 11 . 1 2 . 4 07 0 . 117 0 . 399 0 .2 1 6 2 . 199 0.0433 I 13 20. 3 3.01 1 1 1.9 2.4 77 0 .21 4 0 .492 0 . 324 2 . 348 0.0 1 66 14 20 . 2 3 . 006 1 0 . 6 2 . 361 0 . 209 0 . 343 0 . 268 2 .342 0 .0004 5 

## I - Te . 7T - - 2 . 98IT - -9 . 2T - - 2. 219f -() . 187)" 0:197l 0 . 192 1 2 .3111 0 . 0083 ] 6 

### I 5 .2 

### 1 1.64 9! 2.4 

### 1 0 . 87 5 ! 0 .809 

### 1 0. 809 ! 0 .809 ! 06 61! 0 .046 1 I 2 . 152 4 . 8 1 . 569 0 . 1 5 7 0 . 043 0 . 08 2 1 .284 0 .0 8 1 0 18 

### I - 14.11 - 2 : 6461 - - s . 21 - - 1.8251 - 0 .0101 0 . 0021 - 0 . 0051 -**_1_.6~** 0.005· 19 

### I 1 4 .5 1 2.6741 7 1 1. 94 6 1 O.ot61 0. 029 1 0 .02 11 1 .9311 o .ooo: 20 

### I 17 . 31 2 . 85 1 1 8 . 61 2.15 2 1 o . 09 1l 0 . 142 1 0.1 1 4 1 2.150 1 o .ooo<

PS·1 1 E xample 4C · R 1 9 Run s 1 Q.27- 0 4 . x ls Pow er Ca les Page t o f1 10

/291 2004 

## VES009821Fociity: Facility D Location : Anytoown USA

P$- 1 1**~** 4G-R 1$ A""s 1o.2'7·01 . .d5 RESULTS Of PQWER CORRELMtoN Emlssion Unft: Soller T

..

t Datos: IIM-11,.,-o2, 117 -118103 lcorrelot fon equatl .;;;;- y 

# = 0.2513 x 

# w•• ]

............ 

# - ..... ..__ 

# ............... .. .. . .............**~** 

# .. Cri t erion Actual Nlowab l 6 ACCOj)tall l e? Correlation coefficient 0 . 89-4 ?. 0 . 85 yes Confidence i ntetval 3.90% ,!1\nllio yes Toler"""" lruerval 13.8"-**~~~** yes**nd ~tna**  correlation oootric le:n t ls un<Ser.nod.

Plot of Pow.r Func:tion Rt{ll'&u.ion Curve**~< r-** **---- ----** **---- ----** **-- --** **---- --** **-- ----** **---,** 12 j tO 

### 1! 

# J: u 

### l • 2 Y• 0 .2513x' · '"' 

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## •**---- ----** **-- ------** **-- --** **--~----~**



# -- 00 5 0 tO O 150 20 .0 25 0 PM C · EMS R n ponM

PSo 1 I Ccmf•lion T S Calc\llalfiorl $p 111.claheet**tve~o"** 24**012~**



# ' """"""' VES009822SEL . ECTtoN OF BEST MODEL Emission Unit: Boller FaciiUy : locaUon : Facility D Anytown USA Test Datos: 11 / 1 · 11 / 4102 ,1n- 118/03 M ode l CO<r e l atio n :! 0 .85? Conl lden oe i n te rv a l !!_1 0%? T o l e r ance i n tetv al ha l coeffi cien t (a) h al f r onge p erce n t og e ronge percentage Unoar 0. 9 12 Yes 3.63% Yes 12 . . 4% Po lYnom ial 0 .921 Yes 4 .54% Yes 12. 1% LOQarl th m ic 0 .867 Y es 4 .40 % Yes 15. 0 % Exoonential 0.909 Yes 3 .63% Yes 12.6% Power 0.894 Yes 3 . 90% Yes 13.6% ( a) • I n dica tes CO«elation cooffi cien t i s undefllle d; mo del d oes not**~Sfy** crtte rlon . (b) N ot ap pl icab le; criteriOn ap p li es on l y to polyn om ial mod e l.

PS-1 1 Care iation TCIN Calcutaclon Spreads h eet 

# Jv......., 2.0 lllf.lSIO< P S-1 1 Exam ple 4C - R 1 9 Ru ns 10 - 27 -0 4. xl s Be st Mod e l 

### r !f. 25%? M i n i max wi th i n Doe s mode l mee t 

### an a llowable ra nge? crit eria ? Yes 

### ( bl Y es Yes Yes Yes Yes b) Yes Yes b) Yes Yes b l Y es Best model :**Pol~omlal**

10/29 12004 

### V ES 0098 23

# VES009824 . pdf

### PR OCEDURE 2-Qu ali ty Assu ra nce R equire m ents for Particul at e Marte r Co n tinuo u s Emission M onitor i ng Sy&1 em s at SU.tlona r y So u r ces 

### (40 CfR 60 , Appen dix F) 

### S ummar y o f R outine System Check R equirements 

### Drift Check [§§10.2(1), 1 0.2(2), 10.2(4), 10 . 4(1)) Applicability: all PM CEM S Frequency: daily Procedure: Check 

### zero and upscale drift 

### Adjust ins tru ment if daily zero or upscale drift e xceeds 4 

### percent If

### instrument automati.ca Jly odj usts fo r drift, it mus t be pr ogr ammed to record either th e unad ju s ted concentration or t he amoun t ofthe adjustment • Use 

### Equation 2-3 

### to calcul ate zero dli ft 

### Use Equation 2-2 to calculate upscale drift 

### In s trumetl t is out of control ifz.cro 

### or upscal e drift e x

ceeds: 4 

### percent for 

### 5 consecutive days



### - 8 percent for any one day System Oprj cs Check (§10.2(3)) Applicabibry: light-scatter i ng , ext inc ti on 

### rypc, or other opt ical PM CEMS • Frequency: daily Procedure :

- check syst em opt ics to ensure proper operation Sample Volume Ch eck [ §§ 10.2 (5) , 10.4( 2)) Applicabiliry: extractive 

### PM CEMS that incorporate measured samp l e vo lume in 

### output Frequency: daily Procedure :

- check samp le vo lume at 

### n ormal sampling rate

- adjus t sys tem if dai ly sam ple volume cbec.k error e xceeds 

### lO percent Instrumen t is out ofcontrol if sample volume check error exceeds : 10 

### percent for 5 consecuti ve days

- 20 

### percent for any one day



## VES00982 4

# VES009825 . pdf

# PROCEDUREDD: QUALITYCONTROLAND QUALITY ASSURANCE REQUIREMENTS FOR HYDROCHLORIC ACID CONTINUOUS EMISSION MONITORING SYSTEMS AT STATIONARY SOURCES

N ovember 2 0 05 Rev i sion : 1 . 0



## VES009825EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Procedure DO outli nes the conUnuing quality control and quality assurance requiremeniS fo r a hyd rochloric ac i d ( HC I) continuous emiss io n monitoring sys tem (C EM S) . Proced ure DO prov i des the proced ures and perlom1ance aileri a for d aily checks of the high-leve l and zero-level drill . This procedure also provid es th e procedures a nd performance crit eria fo r qu arte rl y abso lu te ca li bra tion audiiS a s well as annual a<XUracy audits.



## VES009826TABLE OF CONTENTS 1.0 US IN G PROCEDURE 00 ........ .... ................... ... ....... ........ .. ... .. ........ ...... .... .......... .... .. . ........ .. .3 1 . 1 WHAT IS THE PU RPO SE AN D APP LI CAB ILITY OF PROCEDU RE DO ? . .. .. ........ . ...... 3 1 . 2 WHA T ARE THE BASIC REQU I RE M EN T S OF PR OCEDURE DO? . ...... .. .................... 3 1 . 3 WHAT SPEC IA L DEFI N IT I ONS APPLY T O PROC EDU RE DO ? ......................... . ......... 3 2. 0 I N TERFER E NCES , SA F ETY , A N D EQ U I P MEN T RE Q U I RE MENTS . .. . .. . . . .... . . .. ... ....... . ...... 6 2.1 WHAT DO I NEED TO KN OW TO E NSURE TH E SAF E TY O F P ER SONS USING PROCEDURE DO? .. ..... .. ............. ...... . .. .. . . . .. .. .......... .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ...... .... ... .... . .. .. .. .... .6 2. 2 WHAT EQ UI PMENT AND SUPPLIES DO I NE E 0? .. ......... .. .... ...... ........ .... ... ..... ...... ...... 6 2 . 3 WHAT R EGE NTS AND STAN DARD S DO I NEED? . ....... .... .. . .... .. . .. .. .. . ........ ...... .... ....... 6 3.0 QUAL ITY CONTROL , CALIBRA TION AND STANDARDIZATION ....................................... 8 3 . 1 WHAT QUALITY CO N TROL MEASURES ARE R EQUI RED BY P ROCEDUR E DO ?... ...... ........ .......... .... .... ... . ..... . . .... .. ....... . . .. . ........ ... .... .... . ....... .... .... . . .... .8 3.2 WHAT CAL I BRATI O N CHECKS AND AUDI T P RO C EDUR ES MUST I PERFORM FO R MY HCL CE MS? .. ...... ............ . ....... ........ .. . .. .. .. ........... ........ .... . .. ...... .... . 8 4. 0 PE RFORMANCE CR ITER I A AND CALCULATIONS .... .. .... .... . ........ .. .. .... . ........................ .. 12 4 . 1 WHAT ARE THE PER FORMANCE CRI T ERI A FOR MY HC I CEMS? .... .. .. .... .. .. ......... 1 2 4.2 WHAT CALCULATIO NS , EQUATIONS. AND DATA ANALYSES ARE NEEDED? .. .. .. .... . .. .... .... .. .. .. . . ........ . . ........ .... .. . ....... ..... ........ ..... ...... .. ..... . .. .... . .. ..... . .. .... ... . 13 5.0 OTHER R EQU IREME N TS AND I NFORMA TI ON ...... ........ .... .......... ..... .. .. ... . ...... ..... ........ .... 19 5 .1 WHAT POLLUTIO N P REV ENT I O N PROC E DURES MU ST I F OLLO W? (RES ER VED) ............................................ ... .......... ...... ....... .... ...... ...... ..... .. ..... .. ... .. ...... .. 1 9 5.2 WHAT R EF ERENCE TABLES AND FIGURES ARE RELEVAN T T O PROCEDURE 00 ?... . . .... . .. ........ ..... . . ...... ... .. . . .. ..... . ......... . ............. .. ........ .. .......... ....... .... 19 6.0 R EL E VANT REFEREN CE S .. ................. .. . .. .. .... ... .. .. . . ......... . .... .. ... . . ..... . ..... . .. . ............... . .. .... 22

Tab l e 1 . On going Quality Assu ran ce/Qua li ty Co n trol Galibratio n Gas Ranges**F~gure** 1. Dynam i c Spik i ng OvefView

i i 

## VES0098271 . 0 USING PROCEDURE DO 1 . 1 WHAT IS THE P UR POSE AND APPLICABILITY OF PROCEDURE DO? The pUIJ)OSe or Procedure DO 

### Is to establish the minimum req uiremen ts lor quality control ( QC) and q ua lity assurance ( OA) p(Ocedur es lor the H C I CE MS . T hes e qua lity cont r ol and qual i ty assurance procedures are in place to ensure the accuracy and validity o r the data reported by lhe H CI CEMS lor em i ssion compl ian ce purposes . Any HCI CEMS used lo r reporting p u rposes to the En viron me nta l Protec1ioo Agency ( EP A) , state . or local env i ronmenta l age nci es must comply with P rocedure DO i mmed i a te l y a fter the completion of t he perlo rm ance specification test outllned in Perfonnance Specification 

## z' . 1 .2 WHAT AR E THE BASIC REQUIREMENTS OF PROCEDURE DO? Procedure DO includes proced ures and performa n ce cr iteria fo r conducting dai lY ca l i b r a tio n dri ft tests .. quartetty ab solute calibration**aud~s.** and annu a l accuracy determinations . Procedure D O a l so covers the r equire ments a nd t ime llnes associated with periods when the HC I is out o r control . 1 . 3 WHAT SP E CIAL DEFINITIONS AP PLY TO PROCEDURE DO? C a l i bration Drift : The diffe r ence I n t h e CEMS output r ea dings fro m the es tabl i shed r e fe r en ce val u e after a stat ed period or operation during which no unscheduled main t ena n ce o r adjustmen t took p l ace . Cali bration Error: The mean difference between th e concentration ind i cated by the CE MS and the known conce ntration g e n erate d by a ca l i bration source at th ree leve l s whe n the entire CEMS. including the sam pli ng i nterface ;s chall e nged. A CE test i s performed to documen t the a cc ura cy and l ineari ty of the CEMS over the entire measu r emen t range . Ce ntrold a l Area : mean s a ooncen tric ar ea that i s geo m etrically s i milar to the stack or duct cross section and is no greater tha n 1 pencent ol the stack o r duct cross-sectiona l are a . Cont i nuous Em i ssion M onitoring System; means the loCal equ ipmen t r equired for the de terminat ion of a gas concentration o r emi ss i o n ra te. T he sa mp l e Interlace. po ll utan t an al yzer , d i lu ent an a lyzer, an d data recorder are the major subsys te ms of the CE M S.

3 

## VES009828Correl at ion Coefficient : detennines the e xte nt o f a lin ea r relationship between 

### two field s over a g iven periOd of time . Data R eco rder : The portio n of the CEMS that p rovides a record of ana lyze r outp ut , flags wh i ch i nd icate normal operation , and flags l r\dicating a bnonnal operation . The data recorde r 

### may r ecor d other pertinent data 

### su c h as effl uent flow rates , and va ri ou s instru ment te mpera tur es . Diluent Ana l yzer: means that por tio n of the CEMS that senses the d i luen t g as**(I. ~)**  a nd generates a n output prq>ortional to the gas concentration . Dynamic Spiking : a procedure used to document th e accuracy. precision, and bias of the monilori ng system by quanUtat i ve l y sp i ki ng a certi fi ed gas i nto the poll u ta nt gas stre am . H i gh- L evel Drift : mean s th e absolute d iffere n ce between 

### a high ·l eve t cal i brati o n gas and the mool tor response. 1 n units of the applicable standard. Instrument Me aourement Range : The range of H CI concentrations the instrumen t can relia bly measure from th e lowest conce n traUon to the h ig hest. Intercept : val ue of the Y variab l e when the X va ria b l e Is equa l to zer()o leve l. Linear Regression: a methodo lo g y use d to fin d a fo rmul a that 

### can be used to relat e two variab les that are linearly related . Path Sampling CE MS : A C EMS that samples the so u rce efflue n t along a path g re a t e r than 10 percent of the equiva l e nt diameter of the stack or duct 

### cross section . Point Sampling CEMS : A CEM S that sampCes t he sou rce efflue nt at 

### a singl e point. Pollutant Ana l yze r: m eans that portion o f the CEMS that senses the polluta nt gas and generates an output propot1iona l to the gas concen tration . Re l ative Accuracy (RA) : 

### means the absolute mean difference between th e gas concentration or emiss i on ra te determined by the CE MS a n d the value determ ined by the Re fe ren ce MethOd (R M) , plus

4 

## VES0098 29the 2.5 percent error confidence coefficient of a series or tests, divided by the mean or the RM tests or the app l icable emi ssi on**li m~** **.** Response Time : T he ti m e i nte rva l between th e start of a step change i n the syste m i nput a nd when t h e pollutant analyze r output reached 95 % 

## or the final value . Sample Interface: Th e portion of the CEMS used for on e or more or the fOllowing : sample acquisition , samp l e transport, s ample con diti on i ng, or protection of the**mon~or** from th e e ffects or s taCk gas . Stope: The rate or change o f Y r e l ative to the change in X .**Zero evel-level**  drift: means the abso l ute differe n ce ootwee n a hig h- l eve l ca l i bnl tlon gas and the mo nitor respOnSe, in uni ts of the applicab l e s tanda rd .



### 5 

## VE$0098302 .0 I NT ERFERE N CES , SAFETY , AND EQU I PMENT REQUIREMENTS 2 . 1 W HAT DO I NEED T O KNOW TO ENSURE THE SAFETY OF PERSONS USING PROCEDURE DO ? People using Proced ure DO may be exposed to hazardous materia l, operatiol\8 1hazards , and hazardous site cond i tions. Procedure DO does not address all the safety issues associated with its use . It is your responsibil i ty to e n su re the safely of persons usin g Procedure DO. Some helpfu l refe rences may i n c l ude the C EMS manual , the CEMS manufacturer , other re f erence methods , and on - site safety r egulations. 2.2 WHA T E Q U IPM E NT AND SUPPLIES DO I NEED ? 2 . .

2 . 1 Eq uipmen t for the CE M S 1. Sample Ext r ac tion Sys t e m: Th i s port i on o f the CEMS must pre se nt a sampl e o f source effluent to the sampling modu l e that is**drec~y** repre se ntative o r can be COIT ected so as to be repres entat ive o r so u rce . The sample extraction system typically consists o f a samp l e probe and a h eat ed umb ili cal li ne. 2 . Pressure Regulation M odule : T he pressure regulation module is des i gned to remove both free partic ula tes an d w ater-so l u ble aeroso ls from the gas s tream prior to al\a l ysis by t he samp l in g module. This mod ul e a l so provides a samp l e gas to t he aM i yzer at a constant pressu re (optional}. 

### 3. Anal yz e r module: Th e portion of the CEMS that quantitates stack gas co ncentrations of HCI . 4. Dilue n t M odule: Thi s portion of t he C EM S quantifies stack gas concentra t ions of oxyg en 01: C02 . Fo r s y s tems wilh a mu l ti -comp o n e n t ana l yzer , the same al\alyz er quantlf19s the concentration of a U measured analytes . 5. Syst em Contro lle r: T h is port i on o f th e CEM S provides contro l of t he aMiyzer, sam ple probe , pressure regu l ation modulo and the sample i nterface . 6. Data recorder: Your HC I CE MS must b e able to record H C I concentrati ons and I nst ru me nt s tatus si gna l s (Ha gs) .

2 . 3 WHA T REGE N TS AND S TAN DARDS DO I N EED? 6 

## V ES 0098312 . 3 .1 Referen ce Gases, Gas Cel ls, or Optic al Fillers See T able 1 for calibratio n gas coocentratio n ran ges.

7 

## VES0098323 . 0 QUAL ITY CONTROL, CALIBRATION AND STANDARDIZATION 3 . 1 WHAT QUAUTY CONTROL M EAS URES ARE REQUIRED BY PROCEDURE DO? You must develop and implemen t a quality con trol program**tha~** a t a minimum Includes detai l e d written proce dures for all of the f ollowi ng acti vities . 1 . P rocedures for perlorming drift chG<:I<s on a daily bas i s , incl uding but**notlim~ed** to ,**zem evel**  driR, hig h ·leve l drift , and samp l e volume measu re me nt drift (wh e n applicable) . 2 . Procedures a n d methods o f adjusllng the Ha CEMS in res ponse to the results of the drif t checks. 3 . Preventative maintenance o f the HC I CEM S . 4 . Data r ecording , ca l c ulat ions, and r epo rting . 5 . Procedu r es f or requi red audits, i ndudlng absol ute calibration a u dits and accuracy aud i ts . 6 . Proced ures fo r adjusting your C EMS based on audit results . 7 . A program of corre c tive act io n and s ta ck operati o n p rocedu res I n case o f a CEMS malfunction and an out of control period . Yo u are requ ired to k eep w ri tten docume n tati o n of your QAIQC procedures on record and ava i lab l e for inspection for the life of the C E MS or until you are no l onger subject to the requir em ents of this procedure. If you fall two co nsecutive a u dits yo u must r evise your QAIQC procedures. 3. 2 WHAT CAL I BRAT I ON CHECKS AND AU DIT PROCEDURES MUS T I P ERF ORM FOR M Y H CL CE MS? Ongoing**qual~** con trol will i nclude daUy cal ibration drift tests , quarterly absolu te cal i b rat i on aud its , and annual accuracy test a ud its, w hich are d i scussed b e l ow: 3.2. 1 Dally Calibration Drift Checks The**zero~eve l**  and**hlgh ~evel**  drift s hall be c h e cked once da l ly. Th e call bration gas concentrat i on ra nges are provided in Table 1. To determine the**zer ~e** **vel** drift or cal i bration drift, In trod u ce to the CEM S the referen ce gases . gas cel l s. or opfical filt ers (these need not be certified) for the zero-level and**ig h~ev** **l** va l ues. Reco rd the CEMS r es ponse a nd s ubt ract t hi s valu e from t he refere n ce v al ue. The c alibration d r ift shall 

### not exceed 5% of !he i nslnumenl span . Ze ro-le vel and h lgh-teveJ ca l i bra tion drifts shall be adjusted , at a minim u m, whe n eve r the 24-hour**zer evel**  drift e x ceed s the limits of the cal l brab on drift specifiCation. 8 

## VES009833The a mount of eXGeSS zero-level and high-level drift measured at lhe 24-hour in18fVal checks will be recorde d . 3.2.2 Quarterly Absolute Cal ibration Audit ( Calibration Error Test) The quarterly Absolute Calibration Aud it wil l rot low !he Csl ibration Errot proced u re out lined I n Performance Specifica tion Z. The HC I CEMS s h all be challenged ttvee no n -con s ecut i ve ti mes wi t h zerolevel , mid-level, and high-leve l certified gases. T he cylinder gases will be certifie d gases ( EP A Protoco l 1 gases are not ava il able fo r HCI ) . The cafibration gases will be i njecte d into th e sample system as clo se to the sampling probe as practica l and wi ll pa ss t hroug h all CEMS compone nts used duri ng normal mo nit oring. T he abso lute differenco between the I nstrument res ponse and lhe reference value (certified gas) will b e ca lcu lated after each I njection a nd the r esulting th r ee d iffe re n ces will be averaged to determine the calibration error at each measurement point. The calibration error for each of lhe three levels will not exceed 5 % of s p an . An abso l ute calibration au di t w i ll be perfo rme d quarterly, exce pt d uri ng the quarte< thO ann ual accuracy I s performed . 3 . 2.3 Annual Accuracy Test Audit The a nnua l a ccuracy aud i t or lhe HCI C EMS 

### w m

consist of a calibration drift tes t (sewn day drift) a nd an accuracy determ i n a tion by pe rf orming either a rela ti ve acc uracy determination , or by d ynami c sp ikin g. 3.2 . 3 .1 Seven-Day Drift Test (seven day drift) Prior to the start ol th e accuracy test (either lhe Relative Accuracy et Dynamic Spi k i ng) you must perf orm a ca li bration drift te st for a perio d of seven c onsecutive days. The seve n -day ca librati o n drift test m u st be conducted wh e n the fa cility I s under notmal operations. During the calibtallon drift lest period you m u st determ i ne the magnitude of the z e ro-lev el ca librat ion drift and the h igh - level calib ra tion drift at least once each day . Du ring the stability tests , no adjustments or cali brations may be made to the C EMS . If pe riod i c a u tomat ic et manua l adj us tme nts a r e made 

### to the CEMS zero-lew! a nd calibration settings, con d uct the CD t est immediately befo re thes e adju s tme n ts , or condu ct It i n su ch a way th a t the CD can be determined. The ze ro-level and high-level drift each must be less tha n 5% or the Instrument spa n let eac h of seven consecu ti ve days . 3 . 2.3.2 Ro tative Accuracy Determination T he relaUw a ccuracy determ i nation wiU be COnducted while th e affected fa ci l ity is o pe r atin g during normal operat ion, or as speci fi ed I n an applicable subp art . Re feren ce Metho ds I R MI. Unless otherwise specified in a n applicable subpart of the regul a tions. M e t hods 26 or 26A , et the ir approved all ernati ve s, are the ref ere nce methods for HC I . Other refere nce methods for moistu re , oxygen , e tc. may be neces sary. 9 

## VES009834**Samp~ng** Strategy for RM Tests . Conduct lhe RM tests i n such a way that they will yield results re presenlawe o r t he em i s s i on s from the so urce an d can be corr e l ated to the CEMS data . It I s preferab l e to co nduct lhe**d~uent** (II app l icabl e) , moist u re**~** n eeded ) , and pollutan t measu reme nts simultaneo u s l y . However , dilue nt and moisture measurements that are ta k en w i lhin an hour of lhe poltutant m eas u rem ents may be used to ca l cu l at e d ry pol lutan t concentration a n d e m i ssio n rates. I n order to c o rrelat e the CE M S and RM data prope rl y , note the beg inn i ng and end of each RM tes t period o f each run (i ncluding the e xact dme o f day) on the CE M S chart recordings or Olher permanent record or oulp<Jt. Fo r I nteg rated samples ma k e a sam p l e trave rse of a t least 21 minutes , sampli ng for an equal ti me at each tra verse point. Numbe r or RM Tests. Conduct a m i nimum ol n i ne se ts o r all necessa ry RM te s t ru n s . N OTE: M ora lhan nine sets of RM tests may be performed . If this option i s chosen , a maximum of three sets o r the test**resu~s** may be re jected so l on g as the t otal num ber or test r esults used to determll e lhe RA i s greater than o r equa l to ni n e. However , all data must be reported , includ i n g t he reject ed data. Correlation of RM a nd C EMS Data . Correlate the CEMS and the RM test data as to the tim e and duration by lirst dete rm i ni n g from the CEM S lina l o utput (the one u sed for repOrl i n g) t he i ntegrated avera ge pol l uta n t ooncentration or emis s io n rate for each po llutant RM test perlod. Consider sys te m response lime , ff i mp ortant and conlirrn that the pair of resulls are on a oonsistent mo i sture. tamperaii.J(e , and d iluen t concentra ti on basis. The n , comp are ea ch integrated CEMS value ag ai nst th e co rres pondi ng averag e RM value . If the RM has an i ntegrated samp ling tech n iqu e , make a di rect oom pari so n or th e RM resu lts an d CE MS i n teg rated a verage value . Ca l cul ate the mea n difference betwee n the RM and CEM S values in the units o f the em is s i on sta ndard , the standard deviation , the oonfKfence coefficient, and the relative accuracy acoording to the ca l culations i n Se ction 4 . 0. Th e RA o f t he CEM S must not be g re ater than 20 % of t he m ean va lue of the r efe re nce method (RM) test da ta, or not gre ater than 10 % i n terms or the emission sta nd ard (p pmv , dry) , or have an absolute difference or l ess than 5 ppmv between the mean reference value a nd the mean CEMS vakle. 3.2.3 . 3 Dynamic Spiking Dynamic sp i ki n g can be used in l ieu ol th e Re l ative Accu r acy Determination as an alternative method fo r doc umenting th e a ccu r acy , precision , a n d bias of the HCI CE MS . F igure 1 p r ovides an overview of the dynamic s pi k ing a r range me nt. W h ile the HC I CE MS Is sa m pli n g ftue gas. HCI reference g as is in troduced in to the CEMS sample I nte rface by usi n g a mass flow control l er (o r equ i va l e nt) . The ta rget rat io ol act ua l fl ue g as to th e HCI reference gas is 9:1 , but must be kepi at a m lr\l mum ratio of 1: 1 . The HC I ooncentration is quantitated by

10 

### VES009835t he HC I CE MS . One m inute averl!ged va l u es, in uni ts of the applicable standard , are collected and archeived . An e l e m e nt o f opport u nity sha ll be used to ca l cu l ate th e dynamicall y sp i ked HC I concentration ( represents the reference HC I ooncenflatlon) . The element of opportunity is an analyte, which woold normally be present i n the nue gas at steedy concentrations . Elcamp l es of pnospedive eleme n ts or opportun ity wo uld be 0 2 , NOx, SO, CO,, or mo isture. This anal yte Is measured using a certified reference C E M S, separa te fro m the HCL CE M S. I n addition, a cal i brated Lam in ar Flow Element (flow as an element of opportunity) ca n be used as a se condary Ind i cator for ca lcu lating the dynam i cally s pi ked HC I conc entration ( represen ts th e r e fe r ence HCI ooncenflatlon ). Whie t he Lam i nar Flow Ele ment Is ma i nly for verification o f the dynam i c spiking system operation , the use of flow as an element of opportunity can be used to calculate the concentration of the H C t dynami c spike. In addition , HC I concen trati on of the ft ue gas (ba sel i ne HCL) shall be detennined prior to each spiking !Ji al. The base l ine H CI concentration i s based upon e se< ie s of at least 10, one-m i nute averaged data points. Basel ine da ta must b e collected i m m ediately pri or to each test r u n . The data po int s must In clude t h e H CI conce nflalion, e l em en t of opportunity concentration(s) a nd t he flow recorded by the l ami na r flow element. A site-specific standard operating procedure for the HCL dynam i c spiking i s required. Line a r regr ess i on I s used to esta b lis h the acc u racy, pre cisio n , and bias or th e HC I CEMS . The criteria for the H Ct dynamic spikilg are : 1. The correlation coefficient ( r) must be greater than or equa l to 0 . 00 2 . The slope m u st be 1 .0, + /- 0 . 15 3 . The I ntercept must be equal to or l ess than 1 5% or the i nstrumen t span

11 

## VES0098364.0 PE RF ORMA N CE CR ITER IA AND CALCUlATIONS 4 . 1 WHAT ARE THE PERFORMANCE CRITER I A FOR MY HCI CE MS ? Yo u must demonstrate that your HCI CEMS has adequate**stab~ity .**  precision , accuracy, response time and data reporting capabil i ties to det erm in e If your fa c ility is In compl ia nce with H CI em is sion standards or operating permit Umi ts as specified In applicable regu lations 

### or permits. You wiU demonstrate this capacity by showing that your HC I CEMS meets the fOllowi ng performance criteria. 4 . 1 .1 Daily Calibration Check Criteria The da ll y zero-leve l drift or ca l ibrati o n drift each s ha ll not exceed 5% of span . The ca l cu l atio ns a re p rovided in Section 4 .2.2. 4.1 . 2 Quarterly Absolute Audit The ab solut e mean difference between lhe CEMS and the reference values , at al l three test points , must be no great er tha n 5% of span. The ca l cu lation s are provided I n Section 4.2.3 . 4 . 1 .3 Relat i ve A ccuracy Th e RA of the CEMS mu s t not be greate r than 20% of the mean va l u e of the ref e rence m e thod (RM ) test data, 

### or 

### not greater than 

### 10% in terms of the 

### emission standard (ppmv, dry), or have an abso lute d iffe rence of les s than 5 ppmv between t he mean ref erence value and the mea n CEMS value . The ca lculations ar e p ro v ided in Sections 4 . 2 . 5- 4 .2.7 . 4.1 .4 Dynamic Spiking Dynam i cally sp iking may be used in lieu of a Relative Accuracy Tes t as a mean s to document the accuracy , precision, and bias of lhe HCI CEMS. The criteria for the Ha dynamic spik ing Is ( 1) The correlation coefficienL r , must be greater 

### than or equa l to 0.90 (2) The slope mu s t be 1 .0 , +/- 0. 1 5 (3) The I ntercept must be equal to or tess than 1 5% of the instrument span . The calcula tion s 

### are proVIded i n Section 4.2 .8 . 4.1 . 4 . 1 Out 

### ot Control The H C I CE MS 

## wa r be considered ou1 of co ntrol If the**z.e~evel** (low- l evel) or high l eve l calibrat ion drift e xceed s two times th e applicable ca li bration drift specification (I. e . the calibration drift i s greater th an :1: 10

12 

## VE S009837% of spa n.) In addition. lhe HCI CEMS wiU also be considered out of contro l i f the CEMS fails the quarterly abso l ute ca li b r atio n aud it or t he annua l accu r acy l est audit. When the CEMS is 

### out of control , lhe owner or operator shal l ta k e the necessary corrective action and sha ll repe at all n eces sary tests , wh ich i nd i cate t h a llhe system is out of contro l. The owne r or op erator sha ll ta k e co rrective action and con du ct re te stin g u n tl l the peoformance requireme nts a r e be l ow the app l lcable crt!eria. The o ut of co nt ro l period beg i ns I m mediate l y a fte r the fa il ed drift test or a udit. Th e ou t of co nt ro l pe ri od ends immediately fo llowing the successful completion of r eq u ir ed p rocedures associat ed wi lh lhe fa i l ura or lhe aud it t est. Du ring lhe out of co ntro l period you may not use the data ge nerated by the HCl C EM S fo r compli ance pu r pos es.

4 .2 WHAT CA LC ULATIONS , EQUATIO N S, AND DATA ANALYSES ARE NE EDED? 4 . 2..1 Ari th metic Mean C alcula te th e arithmetic me a n of 

### a data set 

### as follows:

where: 

### - l 

### x= - 

# L XI n

X 

# = n 

# = = Ari thmet i c m ean Nu mbe( of d ata po in ts Va l ue of ea ch data poin t

4.2 . 2 Dally Hlgf>.leve l and Zero-leve l Drift C D =( IR - AI/S)'100 where: CD 

### = Perce nt ca li bration d rift(%) . ( Equat i on 1)

(Eq uati on 2)

R 

### = Reference va l ue of zero-l evel or h ig h level caUbretion gas in troduced in to the moni tori n g system ( ppmv) , 13 

## VES009838A 

### = Actual mon i tor respo nse to ca l ib ratio n gas (ppmv) , S 

# = Sp an o f th e i nstrume n t (ppmv) . 4 . 2 .3 Ca libra tion Error C E 

## = I d. ,. I Si • 100 (Equation 3) 

### whOre : C E 

### = Percent caUbratlon error( %) . d.,. 

### = Mean difference between CE MS response and the known reference gas (ppmv) , S 

### = Span o f the mon i tor (ppmv) . 4.2 . 4 Mea n Difference calculate th e arll h m e Uc mean d if f erence as f ollows: 

### 1 

### d 

### =- "d i**~** IJ 4-.J (Equation 4)

where : d,.. 

# = Arithmetic mean of differences 

### n 

# = Number Of data sets di 

### = difference of eac h data sel An d ( Equat i on 5) where: 

### x, = Value at data set x yi 

### = Val ue at data se t y

14 

## VES0098394 . 2 . 5 Relative Accuracy TheRA for lhe mon i to r s will be ca l culated using the least restrictive of equation 

### 6 

### or equation 

### 7: RA 

### = ( l d ,.., l +ICC!) (E quation 6) or RA " ({I d.,. I + I CC I )/'TM..o) ·100 (Equati on 7) where: RA " RelatiVe accuracy, either**~rce nt**  or ppmv or% abso l ute , d .,.**~** Arithmetic mean of differences between value measured by the insta lle d CEMS and the reference method, CC 

### = Co n fidence coefficient, TM.,. 

### = Ave rage value measured by the reference test method monitors. 4.2 . 6 Confidence Coeffic ie nt The confid ence coefficient will be ca lcu lated usi ng eq uation 8 : CC • 

### fo 97 ; • (S•/ ( n " )) (Equation 8) whe r e : CC " Confide nce coe fficient, 

### fo.o 15 

### = t-va l ue obta i ned from Tab l e 2 . 1 i n Pe rformance Specifica tion 2, 40 CFR Part 60 Appendix B 4.2.7 Standard DeviatJon (of Difference s) 

### S. = Standa rd deviation of difference s measured between the i nsta ll ed CEMS and the reference methods calculaled using equallon 8 : (Eq u alton 9) 

## s, = l t -1

where: n 

# = N u mb er o f values I n !his data set. 15 

## YES0098404 .2.8 Dynamic Spiking F or bas eline data, det e rmine the ave<ag e con ce nlra tion fo r lhe Ha C EMS , the re fer ence mechod elements or o pportunity, th e Lam in ar F l ow El e m en t fl ow va l ue and the mass fl ow control seltlngs . Fo r each specifi c t est run, determine the a verage va l ue of t he CEMS HC I data , the averag e va lue of th e reference val ue s for t h e eteme niS of opponunity, in cluding the laminar flow . The averag e CE MS HO va l u e i s act u al CEMS HCI value for th e spec i fic t est run. The re ference HCI valu e lo r the test run is calCulated as follows: Opp- p(m. , HCI ,., = 

### I -**~** 

### • 

### Ca l Gas 

### + Bas c lin e H CI Opp - 

### pre .,, (E quation 1 0) where : HCI ., 

### = Reference HC I va l u e for ru n " X" Opp-post .., 

### = average reference elemen t o f opportunity va l ue during test ( downstream of spi ke ) Opp-p re .., = average r e fe ren ce e l eme nt of opportunity val ue during test (upstream of spike) caiGas 

### = Ha cal i bra tion gas concenlration Baseline H CI 

### = CEMS HC I average basel in e va l ue Using da ta f rom each of t he three t est runs , perform a li near r egressi on of the CEMS HCI average val ues aga in st the Re fe r e n ce HCi va lues u s i ng the foUowing equati ons g i ven be l ow : 

# y= b , +b, x ( E q uat i o n 11) where :

= The y in ter ce pt 

### b, 

### = The slope

16 

## VES00984 1The intercept is calculated according to the following equahon : 

### b

, = 

# : v

- b , x Where: 

### I N 

## X=- L x , JJ f 110)

The slop e of the l i ne is ca l cu lated according to equa tion below: 

### • I rx,- i )(y, - y )**b, -~** **'-~'---- --** **-- --**  

# 't rx, - x}'**~I** (Equatio n 12)

(Equatio n 13)

The li n ear co rre l atio n coeffic ien t i s calculated according lo th e follow i ng eq uati on.

(Equation 14)

4 . 2 .8. 1 Dynam ic Sp i k in g Corrected Valu es a ) . If t he HC I CEMS fa ils to meet both t he s l op e and inte r cept cri teria , lh e f o l lOwing co«ection f actor m u st be app l ied to th e one - m inute averag e HC I data : ( Equation 15)



### 17 

## VES009842Where: 

# cc = Correcte d CE MS HCL conce n t ration y, 

### = CEMS reported HCL co ncentra ti on 0, 

### = th e intercep t of the leas t sq u a r es li nea r regression li ne 

### b, = t he slope of the l east squares l i near regression line b) . If th e H CI CEMS fa ils to meet t h e stope cri t eri a, bu t meets the i n terce pt c riter i a , the fol l ow in g co rrection factor must be appl i ed to the one-mi nut e average HCI data : (Eq uation 16)

c) . If the HCI CEMS f alls to mee t the i n tercept criteria, but meets the s lo p e cnteria, the following correotion f actor must be applied to the one-minute average HCI data : 

### C ' = y , 

### - b 0 (E q uati o n 17)

1 8 

## VES0098435 . 0 OTHER REQUIREMENTS AND INFORMATION 5.1 DATA RECORDING AND REPORnNG In genera l, all data and re<Xllds associated wilh the HC I CEMS must be retained for 5 years . AI a minimum , at least 2 years of data a nd records must be readily a va i lable at the s ite . The bala nce olltle records may be reta in ed off sit e . HCI CEMS calibrat io n drift tests and aud it resuns shall be reported at lnte<vals specified i n the applicab l e regulation. 5 . 2 WHAT POLLUTION PREVE . NnON PROCEDURES MUST I FOLLOW? [RESERVED] 5.3 WHAT REFERENCE TABLES AND FIGURES ARE RELEVANT TO PROCEDURE DO? T able 1 . Ongoing Qua l ity As surance/ Quali ty Contro l Ca l ibration Gas Ra ng es Figure 1 . Dynamic Spiking Overview

19 

## VES009844Tab le 1 . Ongolrl{l Quality Assu r an ce/Qua li ty Control Calibration Gas**Rant~es**

H CI Calib ra tion Gas Concentrations • Test Units Ze ro-le vel Mid-Level Hlgi>-Level Dail y Cal i bration Dtift %of Span 0-30 NA 50- 100 Abs o l ut e Ca librati o n %of Spa n 0-29 30 - 4 9 50- 100 A udit Dynamic Spiking %of Span 0·50 25-75 50-100

•A co py o f the s up pfier"s cenificate of analysis must be provided for eac h gas cyfinder . Calibration gases do 

### not need to b e 

### Pro t ocol 1 g ases .

20 

## VES0098 45Figu re 1 . Dynamic Sp i king Apparatus

Dynamic Spiking Apparatus Sa pie Probe Heated line Inside sample umbillical Hoato sample line Flue Gas 

# l •Heat.d Filter • Pres sure Control

· laminar Flow Elemen t HCL CE MS Calibration Manifold (Mass now meters) 900·1000 ppm HCL In N2

Gas Rtftrone. Coi'Ki kion:.,- MeMI.H•rnertl(s)

21 

## VES0098466.0 RELEVANT REFERENCES I. Performance Specificatio n Z: Spe ci fications and Test Pro cedures for Hydrochlo r i c Acid Co ntinu ou s Em i ss i on Monitoring Sys t ems at Statio nary So u rce s. 2005 .

22 

## VES009847

# VES009848 . pdf

### 1535 217 . In Pa rt 60 , Appendix B is amende d by revisi ng Perfo r m a nce Spec if i catio ns 2 , 3 , 4 , 4A , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , a nd 9 to read as follows: PERFORMANCE SPECIFICATION 2 - SPECIFICATIONS AND TEST PROCEDURES FOR S0 2 

### AND NOx CONTINUOUS EMISSION MONITORING SYSTEMS I N STATIONARY SOURCES 1.0 

### Scope and A pplication . 1.1 

### Analytes . Analvte CAS Nos . Sulfur D io x ide 7449 -09 - 5 ( SO , ) Nitrogen Oxides 10102-44 - 0**NO ,**  (NO , ) 

### 100 2 4 - 97 - 2 (NO) 

### 1.2 

### Applicabil ity . 1. 2 .1 

### This specificat ion is for evaluatin g the acc eptab ility o f 

# so, and NO. continuous emiss ion mon 1 to ri ng system s (CEMS) a t the time of in stallat io n or soon after and whenever sp ecified i n the regulations . The C EM S may include , for certain stationary source s, a diluent (0 1 

### o r CO, ) mon i tor . 1.2 . 2 T hi s sp ec if ic ation i s n ot d esigned t o e v a luate the i nsta lled CE N S p erfor man ce over an extended per iod of time nor does it 

### iden tif y speci f ic calibration techniques a nd other auxi li a r y procedures to assess the CEM S performance . The source o wne r or operator is responsible to calibrate, mai nta in , and operate the**CE~IS** 

### properly. The



## VES00984 8

### 1 536 Administrator m ay require , under Sect ion 1 1 4 of the Act , th e opera t or t o conduct CEMS performance eva l uations at othe r times b esi des th e in itial tes t t o evaluate the CEMS performa nce . See 40 CFR Pa rt 60 , § 60 . 13(c) . 2 . 0 Summary of Perf o rmance Specifi ca tion . Pr oc edure s fo r measu ring C £

MS r el ative accura c y and calib rat ion drift are ou tlin ed .**~~s** 

### insta llati on an d m

easur ement loc a t ion specif ica tio ns , equipment spec if i ca tions , performa nce specifications , and d ata reduction procedur es are inc luded . Conformance of the CEMS wi t h the P erfo rmanc e Spe cifica tio n is d ete rmined . 3 . 0 

### Definitions . 3 . 1 Calib rati on Drift (CD) m eans the diffe rence in th e CEHS output readi ngs from t he estab lis hed refe re nc e value after a stated period of opera t i on du rin g which no unschedule d m ai ntena nce , repa ir , o r adjustment took place . 3 . 2 Ce ntroida l 

### Az·ea mean s a con centric ar ea th a t is geometrically sim il ar to the stac k or duct cross secti on and is no grea ter than 1 perc e nt of t he sta ck 

## or duct cros s - sec ti on a l area . 3 . 3 Co n einuous E missi o n Moni coring S ystem 

### m eans the tota l equip m e nt re quired for the dete rminat io n of a gas concent ra tion or emission ra te . The sample in ter face ,



## VES009849

### 1 537 pollutant ana l yzer , diluent analyzer , and data recorder are the major subsystems of the CEMS . 3 . 4 Data Reco rde1· 

### me ans t hat portion of th e CEMS that prov i des a permanen t record of the analyzer output . The data recorder may include automatic data reduction capabili t ies . 3.5 D iluent A na l y zer 

### m eans th a t po rtion of the CEMS that sense s the diluent gas (i .e., C0 2 

### or 0 2 ) 

### and generates an output proportional to the gas concentration . 3 . 6 Path CEMS 

### means a CEMS tha t measures the gas conce n t ra t i on along a path greater t han 10 percent o f the equ i valent diameter of the stack or du ct cross section. 3 . 7 Poinc 

### CEMS 

### means a CEMS that measures the gas concentration eithe r a t a single point or along a p a t h equal t o or less than 10 p erc ent of th e equ ivalent diamet e r of th e stac k or duct cross section . 3 . 8 Pollutant Analyzer 

### means that port i on of the CEMS that senses the pollu tant gas and generates an out p ut proport iona l to t he gas concentrati on. 3 . 9 Relative 

### Accuracy (RAJ 

### means the abso lut e mean difference between the gas concentra t ion or emission rate determine d by the CENS an d the value determined by 

### the refe rence method (RN) , p lus t he 2 . 5 percen t erro r co nfidence



## VES009850

### 1538 

### coefficient of a s eries of tests , di v i d ed by the mean of th e RM tests or the a pplicable emission limit . 3.10 Sampl e Interface 

### m eans that p ortion of the C EM S used for one o r more of the following : sample acquisitio n, sample deli ve ry , samp l e condition i ng , o r protectio n o f t h e m

onitor from t he eff ects of t he sta c k e f fluent . 3 . 11 Span V a lue 

### means the con ce ntration specified for the affected source category in an appli ca ble subpar t of t he regulations that is used to set the calibrati on gas concentra t ion and i n determining c alib ra t ion d . rift . 4 . 0 

### Interfere n c es . 

### [ Reser v e d ) 5 . 

### 0 

### Safety . 

### The proc e dures required under this perfor manc e speci fication may involve hazardous m a terials, operations , and equipment . T his performance s pecification may not a ddress all o f t he safety problems a sso c iated with these procedures . It i s the responsibility o f the user to establ is h appropriate safe t y and h e al t h practi ces and de t ermine the app licable regulato ry limitati o ns pri o r to performing these procedures . The**CE~ s**  

### user ' s manual and m

aterials r ecommen d e d by the re f e r ence m ethod should b e c o nsu l ted for spec if i c precauti o ns to be taken . 6 . 0 Equipment an d Suppl ies . 

### 6 . 1 CEMS Equipment Specifications .



## VES009851

### 1539 

### 6 . 1.1 Data Re corder Scale . T he**CE~IS** 

### data recorder outp ut range must include zero and a high-level value. The high

- leve l va l ue is chosen by the source ow ne r or operator and i s de fined as follows : 6 . 1.1 . 1 F or a CEMS intended to measu re an uncont rolle d emission (e . g . , so , measurements**a~** 

### the i nlet of a flue gas desulfurization unit) , t he high- leve l value should be betwee n 1 . 25 and 2 times the maximum potent1al emi ssion level over the appro pria te averag ing time, unless otherwise s p ecified i n an applicable subpart of the regulations . 6 . 1 . 1 . 2 F or a CEMS ins t alle d to measure controlle d emis s ion s or em issions that are in compliance ><ith an applicabl e regulation, the high

- level value between 1 . 5 

### times the pollutant concent ration cor res ponding to the emission standard level and the span value given in the applicabl e reg ulations is adequate . 6 . 1 . 1 . 3 Alternative h i gh -lev e l va l ues may be used , pro vided t h e source can m easure emi ss io ns vlh ic h exceed th e full -s cale lim i t in accordanc e with the requireme n ts o f appl i ca b le regulat io ns . 6 . 1 . 1 . 4 If an analog data r ec order is used , the data recorder output must be established so that the high-level value wou ld rea d between 90 

### and 100 

### percent of the data



### VES009852

### 1540 record er f ull scale . (Th is scale r equir e m ent m a y not be appl icable t o digital data record ers . ) Th e zero and h i gh le vel ca l ibr ation g as, optical fi l ter , or cell va lues should be used to establish the data re corder sca le. 6 . 1 . 2 The C E

MS design s hou l d als o allow t he d eter m

i na tio n of calib ration drift a t the zero a nd h igh

level values . If this i s n o t p o ss i ble or p ractic al, the design must al lo w these determin ations to be conducted at a low

- level v a l ue ( zer o t o 20 percent o f the high-level v al ue) and a t a value between 50 and 10 0 per cent of th e high

- level va l u e . In s p eci a l cases, t h e Administrator m ay app rove a singl e- p o int calibration-drift determi na tion. 6 . 2 O ther equipm e nt and supplies, as needed b y the applicable reference method(s) ( see Section 8 . 4 . 2 of thi s Perfo rman ce Specification) , may be r e quired. 7 . 0 

### Redg e nts and Stand ards. 

### 7.1 Reference Gases , Gas Cells , o r Opt ical Fi lters. As specified by the CEMS manufactu rer for calibration of the CEMS (these need n ot be 

### certi fied) . 7 . 2 Reag ents and Standa rds . May be required as needed by the a pplicab l e referen ce method{s) (see Sect i o n 8 . 4 . 2 of t hi s Performance Spe cifi cat ion) . 8 . 0 Performa nce Spec ificatio n Test Pro ce du re .



## V ES0098 53

### 1541 8 . 1 Installation and Measurement Location Specific a tions. S.l . l CEM S Instal latio n. Insta l l t he C EMS at an acces sib le location wher e the pol l u t ant concentration or emissio n ra te measurements are direct l y represent ative or ca n be cor rected so as to be representative o f the total emiss ions fro m th e affected fac i li ty or at the measu reme n t locati on cr oss sect i o n . T hen se l ec t repr esentative mea s u r e me nt points o r paths for mo ni toring in lo cations that the C&MS will pass the RA test (see Sect i on 8 . 4) - I f the ca us e of fail ure to meet the RA test is deter m i ned to b e the m

eas urem ent locat i on and a satisfactory correctio n technique cannot be established , the Admin istr ator may require the CEMS to be r elocat ed . Suggested m easur ement loc a t i ons and point s or pa ths that are m ost l ikely t o provide data t hat wi l l meet the RA r equ ir em ents a r e l i sted belo w. 8 . 1 . 2 C£MS M easuremen t L ocation . lt is suggested tha t the measurement location be (1) at least two equivalent dia m e t ers downstream from t he neare s t co n trol d evic e, the p o int of pollutant genera tion , or ot he r point a t which a chang e in the pollutant concentration or emission rate may occur and (2) at least a half equivalent diameter upstream fro m the e f f l uen t e xhau st or co ntrol de vice . 8 . 1.2 . 1 Point CEMS . It is su gg est ed that the measu re ment point b e (1) no l ess than 1 . 0 mete r (3 . 3 ftl



### VES009854

### 1542 fr o m the s tack or duct wa ll or ( 2) wit h i n or cent rall y located ove r the centroidal area of the stack or duct cross section . 8 . 1. 

### 2 . 2 Path CEHS . It is sugges te d that the e ffect ive measu reme nt pa th (1) be totally within the i nner area bo unded by a lin e 1 . 0 meter (3.3 ft) fro m the stack or duct wal l, or {2 ) have at least 70 percent of the path within the inne r 50 perce n t of the s tack or duct crosssect ional ar ea , or (3) be centrally lo ca te d over any pa r t of the centroi dal area . 8 . 1.3 Reference Met ho d H easu re ment Location and Tra ve rse Poi nts. 8. 1 . 3 . 1 Select, as appropr i ate, an accessible RM m

e asureme nt point a t le as t two equi va lent dia m eters downstream f rom th e neares t cont rol device , the point of p o llutant gene rati on, or other p oint a t which a c h a n g e in the pollutant concentration or em i ssion rate may o ccu r, and at l east a h alf e quivalent diameter upstr eam from the effluent e x h a ust or cont r o l devi ce . When pollutant concentration changes are du e so lely to d il uent lea kage (e . g . , air h eater le akages) and polluta nts and dilu ents are simultaneously me as ured at th e sa . me location, a ha l f diame t er may be used in l ieu of t wo equiva l ent diamete r s . The C E

HS a nd RH locat io ns need no t be the same.



## VES009855

### 1543 

### 8 . 1.3.2 Select t ra v erse points that ass ur e acquis ition o f r eprese ntative samples over the stack or duct cross section . The minimum requirements are as follows : E:stablish a " meas ureme nt line" that passes through th e cen troidal area and in the di rection of any expected s tratifica tion . If this li ne inte r f eres**~<ith** 

### the C E

MS measurements , displace the li ne up to 30 em ( 12 in . ) (or 5 percent of the equiva lent diamet er of the cross section , whichever is less) from the centroid a l area. Locate three trav erse points a t 1 6 . 7 , 50 . 0 , and 83 . 3 percent of t h e m

easur eme nt line . lf t h e measureme nt li ne is l o ng er than 2.4 meters (7 . 8 ft) and poll uta nt stra t ification i s not expect e d, the three tra verse points may b e located o n the line at 0 . 4 , 1 . 2 , and 2 . 0 meters f rom the stack or duct wa l l. T h is option m ust not be used after wet scrubb ers or at po i nt s where t•m 

### str eams w ith di ffe rent pollutant conc e n trat ions are comb i n ed . I f strat i f ication is suspected, the f ollowing procedure is sugg ested . Fo r rectangular duct s, locate at least nine sample points in the cross section such that sample points are the cent roids of similarly-shaped , equal area divisions of the cross section. N

easure the pollutant co n ce n tration , and, if applicable , the diluent conce ntratio n a t each p oi n t using appropriate refe rence method s or other appropriate instrument methods tha t give responses relative to pollutant conce n t rations .



## VES009856

### 1544 T he n calcul ate the mean value f or all s ample**poin~s .**  

### for c ir c u l a r d uc ts , conduct a 12 - po i nt tra v erse (i . e ., six po int s o n e ach of t h e tw o p e rpe n d i c u l ar dia m e ters ) locat in g th e s am p l e p oints as descri b ed in 40 CFR 6 0 , A p pend i x A, Met h od 1 . Per form the measuremen t s an d calculations as described above . Determine if the me a n pollutant concent r ation is more than lOt dif fe rent from any single point . I f so , the cross section i s considered to be strat i fi e d , and the tester may not u se t he a lternative t r averse p oi n t l ocations ( ... 0 . 4 , 1. 2 , a nd 2 . 0 mete r s from the sta c k o r du ct w all . ) bu t m ust use t h e t h r ee traverse p o i n t s a t 1 6 . 7 , 50 . 0 , and 83 . 3 p erc en t o f th e e n tire me asureme n t line . Other travers e po i n t s m ay b e selecte d , provide d tha t they can be shown t o t he satisfaction of the**A~~i nistr** **ator** 

### to provide a represen ta tive sample over the stack or duct cross section. Conduct all necessary RM tests w

ithin 3 em (1.2 in . ) of the tra v erse p o i nts , but no closer th an 3 

### em (1 . 2 in . ) to the stac k or du ct w all . 8 . 2 P r et e st Prepar a tion . I nsta ll th e CEM S , prepare t h e RM t es t s i t e a ccordi ng to t he spe c i ficat i o n s in Sec t io n 8 .1, a nd prep are the CEM S for oper at io n according to the m

a nufacturer ' s written inst r uctions . 8 . 3**Calibra~ion** 

### Drift Test Pr o ce dure . 8 . 3 . 1 CD Test Per i od . Wh i le the**affec~ed** 

### facility is opera t in g a t more than 50 percent of no r mal load , or as



### VES009857

### 1545 specified in an applicable subpart ,**dete~ne** 

### the magnitude of t h e CD once each day (at 24 - hour inte rvals) for 7 co ns ecuti ve day s a ccordi ng to the proce dure given i n Sec ti o ns 8 . 3.2 t h rough 8 . 3 . 4 . 8 . 3 . 2 The purpose of t h e CD m e a s ur e ment is to ver i fy the ability of the CEMS to confo rm t o the established CIOMS calibration used for determining the emission concentration or e mission rate . Therefore , if periodic automatic or manual adj ustme nts are made to t he C EMS zero and calibration settings , conduct the CD tes t immediate l y before these adj ust me nts, or condu ct it i n suc h a way th at t he CD ca n be de termined . 8 . 3 . 3 Conduct the CD t est at th e two points specified in Section 6 . 1 . 2 . Introduce to th e C E

MS the reference gases, gas cells, or optical filters (these need not be certified! . Record t he CEHS respons e and subtra ct this value from the reference value (see example data sheet in Fig u re 2 - 1) . 8 . 4 Relativ e A ccuracy Test Procedure . 8 . 4 . 1 RA T est Period . Conduct the RA test accord ing to the p ro c e dure given in Sect i ons 8.4.2 through 8 . 4 . 6 while the affected faci li ty is operating at more than 50 percent of no r m a l load , or as specified in an applicable subpart . The RA test may be conducted during th e CD test period .



### VES009858

### 1 546 0 . 4 . 2 Re feren ce Me thods . Un less oth er w ise s pe cified in an applicab le s ubpart of the regulations , Metho ds 38 , 4 , 6 , and i , or their approved altern a ti ves, are the re ference methods for dil uent (0 2 

### and C0 2 ) , 

### moisture ,**S~,** 

### and NO., res pective l y . 8. 

### 4 . 3 Sampling Strategy fo r**R~ l**  

### Tests . Conduct the RM t ests in suc h a wa y that they will y ie ld results representative o f the e missions from t he source and can be correlated to the**C~!S** 

### data . It i s preferable to conduc t the diluent (i f applicabl e ) , m ois ture (if needed) , and po lluta n t mea surements sim u lt aneously . Ho w eve r , di l uent and moisture measu rement s that are taken «i t h i n an hour of the p ollutant measur ement s may be use d to ca l culate dr y pollutan t conc en tration and emission ra tes . In order to correlate t he CEMS and RM data p ro p erly , n ote the be ginning and end of each RM test period of each ru n (including the exa ct time of day) on the CEM S chart recordin gs or ot her p ermanent record of o u tput . Use the f ol l o w ing str ategies for the RM tests : 8 .4. 3 . 1 for integrated sampl es (e . g. , 

### Methods 6 and Me t h od 4), make a sampl e traverse of at least 21 minute s, sampling for an equal t i m e at eac h traverse point (s ee Sect ion 8 . 1 . 3 . 2 

### f or dis cussio n of trav erse po i nts .



## VES009859

### 1547 

### 8.4 . 3 . 2 F or grab samples (e . g . , Method 7) , take one sampl e at each traverse point , sc h edu ling th e grab sa m ples so tha t t he y are t a k e n sim u lta neously iwithin a 3 -minut e per io d) or at an equa l interval o f ti me a p art over th e span of t i me th e C E

M p ollutant is measure d. A tes t run for grab samples must be made up of at least three separate measuremen ts . NOT E: At times , CEMS RA tests are conducted during new source performance standards pe r formance tests . In these cases, IU- 1 

### results o btai n ed durin g CEMS RA tests may be us e d t o det e rmine comp li a nce as l ong as the source a nd test co nd itions ar e cons i stent wi t h the a pp lic able regu l atio ns . 8 . 4 . 1 Number of RM 1'ests . Conduct a mini mum of n in e sets of all necessary RM test runs . N

OTE: More than nine sets of**fu~** 

### tes ts may be performed . I f this option is chos e n , a maximum o f th ree sets of the test re sults may be rejected so long as the total number of t est results used to determi ne the RA is greater t han or equal to nine . Ho w eve r, all dat a must be repor t ed , inc l udi ng t he re jected data . 8 . 4 . 5 Correlation of RM and CEMS D a ta . Corre l ate t he CEMS and the RM test data as to the time a nd durat ion by first determining from the CEMS final output (the one used for reporting) the integrated ave r age pollutant



## VES009860

### 1548 

### concentrat ion or emission rate for each pollutant RM test perio d . Consider system respons e ti m e, if impoctant , an d confirm th a t the pa ir of resu lts a re on a co ns iste nt moi s t ur e, temperature , and dilue nt co n ce n t r ation basis. Then, compare each integrated CEMS value against the co rresponding average RM value . Use the following guid e lines to make these**c~~arisons .**  

### 8 . 4 . 5 . 1 If 

### the RM 

### has an int e g ra ted sampling techniqu e, m ak e a direct compa rison of t h e RM 

### resu l ts and**~IS** 

### int egra ted average value . 8.4.5 . 2 If the RM has a g r a b s ampling tech n iq u e , firs t a verage the results from a l l g rab sampl es taken duri ng th e test run , and the n compa re thi s average value against the integrated value obtained fro m the CEMS chart recording or output during the run . If the pollutant concentration is varying with time over the run , th e arithmetic average of the CEMS value recorded at the time of each grab sample may be used . 8 . 4 . 6 Calculate the mea n diffe ren c e be t ween the RM and CEMS values in the u ni ts of t he e mi ssion sta n dard , t he standard d e viation , the confi dence coefficier1L , and the relativ e ac curacy according to the procedures in Section 12 . 0 . 8 .5 

### ReporLing . At a minimum (check with the a ppr op ria t e r egiona l office , State , or Local agency for



## VES009861

### 1549 additional requirements , if any) , summarize in tabular form the results of the CD tests and the RA tes t s or alternative RA p roc edure , as appropriate . Include all data sheets , calc ulations, charts (records of CEMS re sponses) , cy lin der gas concent ra t i on certifications , and calibration cell respons e certifi cations (if applicable) necessary to confirm that the performance of the CEMS me t the performance specifications . 9 . 0 Qu ality Control . 

### (Reserved ] 10 . 0 Calibration and Sta ndardizat i on . 

### [ Reserv ed] 11 . 0 Ana l yt ical Procedure . 

### Sam p l e collection and analys is are concurrent for this Performance Specification (see Sectio n 8 . 0) . R efer to the RM for specif ic analyt ica l procedures . 12 . 0 Calculations and Data Analysis . 

### Summarize the results on a data sh ee t similar to that shown in Figu re 2-2 (in Section 18 . 0) . 12 . 1 A ll data fro m the RN and CEMS must be on a con sistent dry bas is and , as appl i cab le , on a consistent diluent basis and in the units of the e mission standard . Correc t t he RM and CEMS deta fo r mo is t ure and diluent as follow s : 12 . 1 . 1 Moisture Correction (as appli cable). Correct each wet RM run for moisture with t:h e corresponding Hethod 4



## VES009862

### 1550 

### data; co rrect each wet CEiMS run using t he corresp ondin g CENS moistu re monitor date us i ng Equation 2-1. Conce ntrat io n Con=.en tra tion • t"»tt) (dryl (1-B II S) 

### Eq. 2 -1 1 2 . 1 . 2 

### Corre ction to U n its of Stan dard (as applicable) . Correct each dry Rl'l 

### run to the units of the emission standard with t he corres ponding Method 38 

### data ; cor rec t each d r y CEM S run usin g th e corr esponding CEMS diluent monitor data as follow s : 1 2. 1 . 2 . 1 

### Co r rect to D iluent Bas i s . T he following i s an e xample of con cent ra ti on {ppm ) correc tion to 7% oxygen . [ 20 . 9- 7.0 l ppm (OOU) : ppm( UtiOCrtl 20 9 

### •o 

# . - 

# . ., 

# .. ..,. Eq . 2-2 

### The fol lo wi ng is an exampl e of mass/gross calorific value (lbs/million Btu) correction . lb s /MM!!tu ; Cone,.,,, (F-factor) (20 . 9/20 . 9- '110 2 ) 

### 12 . 2 

### Arithme tic Mean . C a lcul a te the arithme tic mean of th e diffe rence , d , of 

### a da t a se t as follo•As : d 

### = - d - 1 

# tr n •t 1 

### Eq. 2-3 

### where: n**~** 

### Number o f data points . n 

# L d 1 

### = Algebra ic summation of th e i ndividua l differences d 1 . 1•1



## VES009863

### 1551 12 . 3 Standard Deviation . C alcu late t h e sta ndard deviati o n , 

## s. , as follows:



## s 

# =**~** 

### Eq. 2-4

12.4 Confi denc e Coefficient . Calcu la t e the 2 . 5 percen t error confidence coeffic ien t (one - tailed) , CC , as follows : Eq. 2 -5 where :**o.~ •s**  = 

### t - value (see Tabl e 2 - 1) . 12 . 5 Relative Accuracy . Calculate the RA of a set of data as follows : Eq. 2-6

where : ldl c 

### Abs ol ut e value of the mean diffe re nce s (f rom E

qua tion 2 - 3 ). I CC I= 

### Absol ute va l ue o f t he confidence coeff icient ( fr om Equation 2 - 3) .



## VES009 864

### 1552 

### A

vera g e RM ve l ue . In ca ses wh ere the average emissions for the test are less than 50 

### per cent of the app licable standard , subst itute the emission standard value in th e d e nominato r of Eq . 2-6 in place of RM. In all ot her cases , use**~1 .**  

### 13 . 0 Method Performance. 1 3 . 1 Calibration Drift Performance Specification . The CEMS calibrati on must not drift or deviate from th e referen ce value o f t he gas cylinde r, gas cell , or optical fi l ter by mo r e th an 2.5 perce nt of t he span value . If t he CEMS includes pol luta nt and di luent m onitors, the C D m us t be determined separate ly for each in term s of concentra tions (See Performance Specification 3 for the diluent specifi cat i ons ) , and none of the COs ma y e x ceed the sp ecification . 13 . 2 

### Rel a t i v e r,c c u racy P erformance Specification . The RA of the CEMS must be no gre ater t han 20 

### percent w he n**~** 

### is used in the denominator of Eq . 2 - 6 (average emissions during test are great er than 50 percent of the emissio n st andard) or 10 

### percent when the a ppli c a ble emissio n standard i s us e d in t h e denominator of Eq . 2-6 ( ave r age e missions durin g test are less than 5 0 percent of the e mission standard) .



## VES009 8 65

### 1553 13.3 For instruments that use common com ponents to measure mo re than one effluent gas cons t ituent, all channels must s imu l taneously pass th e RA r e quirement, unless it can be d emo ns t rated th at any adjustments made to one channel did not affect the others. 14.0 Pollution Pre venti on. 

### [Reserved]

. 15 . 

### 0 Waste Management . 

### ( Reserved) 1 6.0 Alternative Procedures. 

### Pa ragraphs 60.1J(j) ( 1) and (2) of 40 CFR part 60 contain criteria for wh i ch t he reference method p roc e dur e for determining relative accuracy ( see Sec tion 8.4 of this Pe rformance Specification) may be waived and the follow i ng p ro cedure substituted . 16 . 1 Conduc t a co mp l ete CENS status check follo>Iing the manufacturer's w r itten i nstruc t ions . T he check should inc l ude operation o f the light source , signal rece iver, t imi ng mechanism functions, data acquisition and data reduct ion functions , data recorde rs, mechanically operated func t io ns (mirror movements, zero pipe operat i on, cal i bration gas va l ve operations , etc . ) , sample filters , samp l e li ne heaters , m ois ture traps, and other re l ated funct io ns of th e**CE~IS,** 

### as a pp licable . A ll parts of the CEMS 

### shall be funct ion ing pr o perly be fore proceeding to th e alternative RA procedure.



## YES009866

### 1554 

### 1 6. 2 Alternati v e RA Procedure . 1 6.2.1 Cha lle nge each monitor (both pollutant and diluent , if applicab l e) with cy lind er gases of known concentrations or calibration cells that produce kno<v n responses at two measurement points within the ranges shown in Tabl e 2 - 2 (Sec t ion 1 8). 16.2 .2 Use a separate cylinder gas (for point**CE~IS** 

### only) or calibration cell (for path CE MS or where compressed gas cylinders can not be used) for measurement p oints 1 and 2 . Cha ll enge the CEMS and record the responses three times at each measurement p oint. The Adm inistrator may allow dil u t ion of cy li nder gas usin g the perfor m ance c ri teria in T

es t Method 2 05, 40 CoR Part 51, Appendix M. Us e the average of t h e thr ee responses in determining relativ e accu r acy . 16.2.3 Operate each monitor in its normal sa mp ling mode as nearly as possible. When usi ng cylinder gases , pass the cyli n der gas through all filters , scrubbe rs , cond iti oners, and other monitor components used du ring normal sampling and as much of the sampling probe as pract i cal . tqhen using calibration cells , t he CEMS components used in t he norma l sa m pl ing m o de sh o u l d not be by

- passed during the RA de termi nation . These inc l ude light sources , lenses, det ec to rs, and re ference cells . T he C E

MS should b e challen ged at each measurement p oint for a ·



## VES009867

### 1555 suf fi c ie nt period of time to assure ad sor pt ion-de s orpti on reactio ns o n the C EM S surfa ces h ave stabi li zed . 1 6 . 2 . 4 Use c y l inde r gases t ha t have been cer tified b y compa ri son t o Na tio na l I nstitute o f S t andards and Tec hnology (NIST) gaseou s standa rd reference mater ial { SR I-!) or N I ST/El?A ap proved gas manu facturer ' s certified r e f erenc e m aterial (C RM) { S ee Re ference 2 i n Section 1 7.0) fo llow i ng EPA T

r acea b ilit y Protocol Num ber 1 {S ee Refe r ence 3 in Section 17 . 0) . As a n alternative to Protocol N umbe r 1 gases , CRN's ma y be used di rectly as a lt er na t i v e RA cy linde r gases . A lis t of gas m anuf acturers that have prepared approve d CRM's is availab le f rom E PA at t he address shown in Re f ere nce 2 . Procedures for p r epara t ion of**C~ 's**  

### are desc ribed i n Refe renc e 2 . 16 . 2 . 5 U s e calibration cells certif i ed by the m

a nufac t u r e r to produce a kno>m r espo ns e in the CEMS . T h e c ell c er tifi cat i o n pr ocedure s hall i nc l ude deter m inatio n of**CE~ S**  

### response pro duced by t h e calibrati o n ce ll in d ir ec t com pari son with me as u re m en t of gases of known concentra tion. This can be acco mp lished us ing SR !>I or CRH gases in a labo r a t ory source simulator or through e x tended tests us ing reference m etho ds a t the C E

NS loc at ion in the ex ha u s t s t ack . Th ese procedures are d i scuss e d i n R eference 4 in Secti o n 1 7.0. The cal ib ratio n cell cert i f icatio n p rocedur e is sub j e ct t o a pp rov al of the Adm inistrator .



## VES 009868

### 155 6 16 . 3 T he diffe rences be tween the known conce n t rati o ns o f th e cylinder gases and t h e co ncentrat ions indic ated by the C EMS are used to assess the accu ra cy of the CEMS . The calcu lations and limits of acceptable rel ative accurac y are as follows : 16 . 3 . 1 for pol l u ta nt CEMS :



### RA = 

# I(**A~ )**  1 001 s; 

# 15 percent Eq . 

### 2-7 where : d =



### AC = 

### A v erag e difference b e tween responses and the concen tratio n/responses {s ee Sect ion 16 . 2 . 2) . The kno w n conce ntra tion /response of t he cylinder gas o r ca li brati on cel l . 1 6 . 3 . 2 fo r dilue nt CEMS : RA = 

### l dl**~** 

### 0 . 7 pe rce n t 0 2 

### or C0 2 , 

### as appl ic able . NOTE : Waiver of t he r ela t i ve ac curacy test in fav or of the alternat i v e RA pr ocedure does not pre c l ude the re quirements to complete the CD tests nor any other r equirements specified i n a n applicable subpart fo r repo rting CE MS data and p erfor ming**CE~rs** 

### drift checks or aud i t s . 

### 17 . 0 Refe rences.



# VES009869

### 1557 1 . 

### Department of Commerce . Experimental Statist ics . Handbook 9 1. Washington, D.C . p. 3 -3 1, paragraphs 3 - 3 . 1.4 . 2 . "A Procedure for Es t ablishing Traceabil ity of Gas M

i xtures to Cer t ain Na tional Bureau of Standards Standard Reference Materials." Joint p ublication by NBS and EI?A . E

PA 6 00 /7-81-010 . Ava il ab le from 

# u.s . Environmen tal Protect i on Agency, Qual i ty Assurance Div i sion (MD-77) , Resear ch Triang l e Par k, North Caro li na 2 7711 . 3. " T raceability Pro to col for Establishing T rue Concentratio ns of Gases used for Calibration and Audits of Continuous Source Em is sion Monitors . ( Pro tocol Number 1 ) ." June 1 978 . Pro t oco l Number 1 

### is included in th e Qua lit y Assurance Handbook for Air Pollut io n 

### J.teasurement Systems, Volume III, Stationary 

### Source Specific Methods . 

### EPA-600i4

- 77 - 027b . Augus t 1977 . 4 . "Gaseous Contin u o us Emission Mon i toring Systems - Performance Specif i cation Guidelines for SO, , NO., C0 7 , 

## o, and T RS . " E PA - 450/3-82-026 . Available fro m the 

# u.s. EI?A , Emission Measurement Cent er, Emissio n Moni t or i ng and Data Analysis Divis i on (MD - 1 9), Res earch Tr i ang l e Park, Nor t h Carolina 27711 . 18 . 0 Tables, Diagrams , Flowcharts , and Va li dat ion Data.



## VES009870

### 1558 TABLE 2 - 1. t-VALOES . 

### n• t(l ' 9'?.) 

### n• to .g;s 

### n• t:.. 9h 

### 2 12 . 706 7 2 . 447 12 2 . 201 3 4 . 303 8 

### 2. 365 13 

### 2 . 179 4 

### 3 . 182 9 2 . 306 14 2 . 160 5 2 . 77 6 10 2 . 2 62 15 2. 145 6 2 . 571 

### 11 2.22 8 16 2. 131 

## • The values in this table are already corrected for n-1 deqrees of fre edom. use n equal to**th~** number of individual**v~lues .** 



# VES009871

### 1559 T -.ble 2 - 2. Measurement Ranga . 

### Meas u rement P oll ut a nt Dil u en t M o n itor fo r Poi n t Mo n i t or 

# co , 0 2 1 

### 20-30% o f S - 8 % by 4-6% b y spa n v a l u e v o l u m e vo l um e 2 

### 50-60% of 10 - 14 % by 8- 1 2% by span value v olu m e volum e Percent of Date Calibration Moni t o r span value D

a y and 

### Va l ue V a lu e Di f ference (C-HI /Span T1me (CI (M)**(C- 1)**  Value .x LO

w - 100 leve l

Highlevel



### Figur e 2 - l. Calibration Drift Detennination .



## VES 009872

### 1560 

# • • 

## • 

# . so, N O, C0 2 or 

## o, so, NO s 

### Run Da t e No. 

### an d RM C EM S DJ.ff Rl-1 

### C EMS Diff Rl-1 

### C E

MS RM 

### CEM DH f RM 

### CEMS D iff Time 

## s ppmr . ppm '" %<- 

# , . mass/GCV mass/ GCV l 2 3 4 5 6 7 

## a 9 1 0 11 12 Average Confidence Interva l 

### Ac cu ra cy

-- - 

# -- ---

------

For •team generato rs**~** Average of thre e samples**~** Ma k e aure that RM and. CEMS da t.ll are on a consistent ba s is , either wet or dry . 

### Figure 2-2. Relative Accuracy Determination.



### VES009873

# VES0098 7 4 . pdf

### PRO CEDURE 2-Quality Assuranc e Requirements for Particulat e Matter Continu o u s E m ission Monitoring Systems at Stalionary So u rces (40 CFR 6Q , 

### A pp e ndix F) 

### S ummary of Audit R equiremen ts' Absol ute Correlat i on Audj t CACA) (§§10 .3(1) , 10.3(2), 10. 4( 3)) • Frequency: quanerly Procedure: • Challenge PM CEMS 3 times at each of 3 audit points us i ng separa te audit standards • Accuracy must be "ithin ± 10 percent of aud i t response or ± 7 . 5 

### percent ofapp l icable s taodard Use Equation 2 · 1• or 2 - lb to calculate accuracy Samp l e Vol ume Audit(SVA) [ §§10.3(3), 10.3( 4

) , 10.4(4) ] Appl icability: extractive systems only Frequency: quanerly Procedure: Measure volume us i ng calibrated de v ice and compare to volume measured by PM CEMS For batch systems, mus t sample at 

### least 3 

### cycles For continuous**S}~ ems,**  

### must sample at 

### least three 20 -minute per i ods Accurac y must be within ±5 

### percent of meas ur ed volume Use Equation 

### 24 to calculate accuracy Relative Resoonse Audjt CRRA) [ §§ 

### 10.3(5), 10 . 3(6) , 10.4(6) , 10.5(1) ( ii )] Frequency: 

### as speci fied in applicable rule 

### or by permit • Procedure: Talce three reference method meas urement s and record PM CE!\'1S responses to each PM CEMS response for all 3 data po i nts must be less than or equal to highest PM CEMS response used to develop correlat i on curve At least 

### 2 of 3 response s must be within th e 

### PM CEMS response range used to devel op corre lation curve At l east 2 of 3 

### respon ses must be widlin area defined by parallel lines ± 25 percent o f emission limi t above 

### and be l ow correlation li ne If



### does not pass, perfonn RCA Response Correlation Audi t CRCAl (§§ 10.3(7) , 10.3(8) , 10.4(5 }, 10.5(1){iii), 10.6) Frequency: 

### as specified in appl i cable rule 

### or by permit Procedure: Same procedure as for correl ation test specified in §8.6 

### ofPS

- 1 1, except wi th minimum ofl 2 run s PM CEMS response for all 12 data poi nts must be le ss than 

### or equal to highest PM CEMS response used to develop correlat i on curve At l east 

### 9 of 1 2 res ponse s must be within the PM CEMS response range used to devel op cor rel ation curve At leas t 75 per cent of responses must be within a rea defined by p arallel lines ±25 percent of emission l i mit a bove and below correl ation line Ifdoes not pass: Combine data with original correlation tes t data 

### to develop new correla ti on If 

### st i ll does not p ass, use only the RCA data to deve l op new correlation I f &till 

### does not pas.< , invest i gate cause, take corrective action (see Section 1 0.6(3) )

1 Req u ir em e n

ts apply t o all PM CE MS u n less i ndica t ed o 1 herwise.



## V ES009874

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### VES009876

# VES0098 77 . pdf

# Standard Operating Procedure for Generating a Quantitative Multi-Metals Reference Aerosol with theCES QAG

Pr

epared by: Cooper Eo>ironmental Se r>ice s, LLC 10180 SW Nimbus Blvd Suite J6 Port l an d, Oregon 9722 3



### Revi s ion 1.0 

## June, 2005



## VES0098 77

# Standard Operating Procedure for Generating a Quantitative Multi-Metals Reference Aerosol with theC ES QAG

Ju n e 

### 9 , 2005 

# DRAFT

Submitted to: Th e En v i ro n mental Protection Ag ency 

### Resear ch Tr iang l e Pa rk, NC Prepared b y: 

### J .A. Cooper, B.E. John sen, K. Petterson ,

C. 

### A. Ya oca, M . Naka ni s hi , D . Bart h 

### Cooper Environm e ntal Services 

### 1 0180 SW Nim b

us Bl v d Suite J6 

### Portl and, Oregon 97223



### VES009878

# Standard Operating Procedure for Generating a Quantitative Multi-Metals Reference Aerosol with theCESQAG

Prep ared by: Dat e:

_ _ _ 

### Cat h erine A. Y an ca, Environmental Scienti s t Reviewed b y: Dat e: __ _ 

### Krag A . 

### Pette r son , Em • lronme ntal S dentl s t Reviewed b y : 

### Date: __ _ Bruce E. 

### J o hn son, Q A 

### Manger Approved by : 

### Date : __ _ 

### John A. Cooper, Dir ec tor



## VES009879

### Ex e c uti ve S umm ary The QAG is a reference aerosol generator th at produces a NIST - traceable aerosol of known analyte concen trat ion. I n t he QAG, a NIST-traceable or equivalent solution con taining au analyte o r analytes of i n terest is conveyed to an aspirator where it is combined with a gas and neb uliz ed to fonn an aerosol of liquid droplets. The smaller d r oplets continue thro u g h the system and are dried. The resulting salt particles and! or vapors are then emitted from th e s ystem as a reference aeroso l of known concentration. S pecifically, the QAG is used to generate a NIST -traceab l e reference aerosol that contains a known conc entrat ion of metal. This method c a n be used t o spike controlled and u ncontrolled emissions as 

### well as laboratory air fo r the purpose of eva luating the accuracy and precision of aerosol meas u re

ment methods and! or calibration o f met hods. Tite QAG's generated aeroso l concentration ( c,•-fl.AG) 

### is process trace ab le to NIST t h roug h the traceability of its components. The generated concentration is 

### a func t ion of the concentrat io n of t he solution standard (**crC~Ao** 

# ) , total fl o w rate (F,), 

### rat e of mass loss of t h e solution (R.,), 

### an d rate of vapor loss (R,). 

### Process traceabi lity to NIST is establis h ed by using instruments that a re NIST-traceable (e.g. , calibrated with NI ST standards) to measure these paramet ers. One excep t ion is the standard solut ion used to generate the aeroso l; solutions wit h NIST -tracea b le accuracies are eit h

er prepared in the laboratory or purch ased from an outside vendor . There are five major components of a 

### nebulize r-based QAG, as described below: I . The stand ard solution control system is r equired to tra n sport the an alyte - containing so lut ion to tlt e point of n ebn lizat ion. This system is needed to regulate the flow of the solut ion from t h

e reservoir to the nebulization cup and determine t he solu t ion mass los s rate. A**peri~1altic** 

### pump is included fo r cyclin g dt e NIST - traceab le so l ution through the ne bulizer c u p as well as a laptop connected to a balanc e fo r measm ing the mass l oss of the solution . 2 . T he n e b u l

izer air control system i s used to 

### es ta blish and measme the flow, temperatu re, p re ssure and saturation of the air used in the n ebul ization p rocess (i.e., neb u lizer air). This section of t h e QAG uses filtered an d saturated comp r essed air to create the initial solution drop let aer osol. 3. A n ice bath for is n eeded to maintain the temperature oftbe nebulizer air at or near 32 °F . 

### 4. 

### The nebu l izer and vapor size control sys tem is used for creation of the aerosol. It 

### cons i sts of drree major compone n ts: the nebulizer cup, the nebulizer an d nebulizer nozzle and t he nebulizer settling -equilibrating c h

amber . T h e n e b ulizer cup conta . ins the standard so lution. This sol u tion is con tinuously circul ated from the neb u li z er c u p to a n exte rn al reservoir in order to minimize the impact of vapor loss on solution concentration and 

### allow for determination of the solu ti on mass loss rate. The standa rd solution is aerosoli zed by a 

### n ebu l iz e r, located insi de the nebulizer cup. The nebulization process creates a droplet spray containing

l nstrumetual Melflod fO I ' :l QAG : V I .O 

### Page i 

### of vi 

## VES009 880

### a wide range of droplet sizes. The la rges t droplets impac t on the wall s of the nebu lizer cup and are recyc led . The sma ller dro plets are e ntrained in the ne bulizer air flow a nd pas s into the s e ttling

-equilibration chamber . T he functio n ofthe ne bu lizer sett ling-equilibrat i on chamber is t o remove a nd recycle all droplets great er than 30**m** 

### in diameter as we ll as to assure droplet-vapor equilibrium at 32°F. Thu s, the o n ly drop le ts em i tted into the dryi ng cha mber h ave diameters l ess th an 30 lim and have been equilibrat ed with water vapor a t 32 ° F. 5 . The drying air and drying chamber with temperature and flow contro l is needed for drying the liqu i d aerosol in to salt particles. Heated CDA (tenned "d rying air ") is introduced into th e drying c hamber for th i s purpose . The final produc t of the QAG is an aerosol conta ining dri ed salt particles o f the analyt e or analytes. The concentration o f the analytes i n the aerosol and the concentration un certainty are calcu lated from the Q AG's recorded parameters . The uncertainty o f the g enerated aerosol concentration is determined u sing standard propagation of error tech niques re l evant to those parameters. The uncertainty values for the parameters are tho se listed as cert ified uncertainties by the manufacturers and/or NIST .

l nsl

rum(fttal Mctbod**fOr~** Q AG: V I.O 

### Page ii of vi 

### VE S009881

## Table of C ontent s Executive Summary ........................ .. ... .... ......... . .. . ......... . ...... .. . . ... . .. . .. ... . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . ... .. .... .. ... . .... i 

### List of Symbol s .................. w ....................................................................................................

### v L ist of Figures .................................... ................... .......................................................... .. ... ... vi 

### 1. 0 Principle and Applicability .. .................. .. ................... .. ............................................. 

### 1 

### 1. 1 Principle ................................................................................................................ I 1 .2 

### Applicability ................. . ..... . . .. . .. .. .. ........... .. .. .. .... . . .. . .. . ... ............................. .. ...... . . I 

### 2 . 0 Range of E mi ssio n C baract e ristic. s .................... ...... ........................ .......................... 1 

### 2.1 Concentrati on . .... ...... . ...... ... ................ . ................ .. ......... .. ... . .. . .. . .. . .. ... . ... ........... . ... I 2.2 

### Flow ....................................................... . .. . .. . .. .. ... . ......... ... .. ........ . ......................... I 2.3 

### Particle Size . .. . ..... . ... . .. . .. . . .. . .. . ... . ... . .. . .. . .. . .. . ........................................ . .................. I 2 .4 

### Temperature . ........................... . ................... ... ...................................... .. .. .......... . .. I 2.5 

### Species ............................................. . ..... ... .... .. .. . ... .. .... .. ... .. ......... . ..................... . ... I 3.0 

### Definitions ..................................................... . .... ...................................................... .. .. 2 4 . 0 Operationa l Specifications ...................................................................... . ...... .. ...... . ... 4 

### 4.1 

### Nebulizing Air Flow Rate (Fe) ............................................................................. 4 4.2 

### Nebulizing Air Pressure (P ,) ....................... . .. . ...... .. .... ........ .... .. ............ .. .... ...... .... 4 

### 4.3 

### Nebulizing Ai r Temperature ... . ...... . ..... . ...... . ......................................... . .. .... .. . . ..... 4 

### 4.4 

### Nebulizer Cup Temperature . .. .......................................... ... . .. . .. . .. . ..... . .............. . . .. 4 

### 4.5 lee 

### Bath Temperature .............................................. . .. . ........ . .. ... . ........................... 4 4.6 

### Drying Air Flow Rate ........................................... .. ......... .. .... ... .. ............ . ............. 4 4.7 

### Drying Air Temperallore . ..... . . ... .. ................ . ....... .. .... ....... ................................. . ... 4 

### 5.0 NIST- Traceable Specification s ............................................................................... . .. 4 5.I Mass Loss ..................... . ................................................................... ...... ........ ... .... 

### 5 5.2 Flow Rate ................... . .......... . .. . .. .................... . ....... . .. . ........ . .. . ..... . ............... . .... . . .. 

### 5 5.3 Rate of Vapor Loss ........................ . ................ . .......... . .. ... ... . .. . .. . .. . ........................ 

### 5 5.4 

### Solution . ... . ......... . ............... . .. .. .. ... .. . .. . .. . .. . .. .. ... . .. .. .......... . .... . .. . ..... . ........................ 5 6.0 

### Apparatu s .... . .. ....... .. .... ................................. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ............... ... ............................... 6 6.1 

### Quantitative Aerosol Generator ........................................................................ .. .. 6 6.2 Standard Solutio n Control System . ................................... . .................. .. . .. . ........ . .. 6 6.3 

### Nebulizer Air Control System ........................................................ .. .. .. ............... . 7 

### 6.4 Ice Bath .............................. . ................................... .. ..... .. ............... . .......... . .. . ........ 8 Page iii of v i 

## VES009882

### 6.5 Nebulizer and Vapor Size Control System .. ... .. ..... .. . .. ......... . ............ . .............. . .... 8 

### 6.6 Dryi ng Air 

### and Drying Chamber System ...... . ............ . ....... . .. . ..... . .. . .. . . . ........... . .. . . 

### 9 7.0 Supplies ................ - ..... - .. - .. -·-·· · ·· · ·· · · ... · ·· · ·· ··· ·· ·· · ··" · " "" " """"'""" '""'" " "' "" '' " ' " ' " 10 

### 7 .I S tandard So lutions .. . .. ..... ..... ..... ...... . ........ .... .................................................... . .. I 

### 0 7.2 Compressed Air .... . ........................................ . ........ ............... . ............................ 

### I I 7.3 lee Bath .... . ............................................................................................... . .. . ..... .. I I 8.0 Pre -Test P er f or m a n ce Evalu atio n Pr ocedure s- ................ - ..... - ........ - ........ - ........ 11 8. 1 Pre -Test Laboratory Prepara t ion .......... ... ........... . ................................................ I I 8.2 Pre -Test Field Prepara ti o n ... .... ... .... . ...... . .. ....... ...... .... ... .............. ........................ 12 8.3 Solution Concentration and F l ow Rate Determinat ion ................ . .. ...... .. . ........ . .. 13 8.4 So l ut i on Sample ...................................... . ........ . .. . ...... .... .. . .... . .................... .. .. .. ... 13 9.0 Gen e r atio n of a Ref eren ce Aeroso l with 

### NIST-T racea ble Accurac y ......... - ........ 1 3 9 . I System Preparation ..... ............ . ........................................................................... I 3 9 .2 Solut i on Exchange ....................... . .. . .. .. ... .... . .... . ........ ....... . ............................... . .. 14 9. 3 Flow Rate and Temperature AdjnSl!Dents ......... .. ................................................ I 4 9.4 Aerosol Generation and Perfonnance Monitoring .............................................. 14 9.5 Docwuentation ofPerfonuance ...... . .. ................. . . .. .. . .......... . .. . .. . ..... . .... . .. . ... .. . .... 14 

### 9.6 Shut-down ................... .. .. . ............. ..... .. .. ... . .. . ....... . .. . . ............... . ... . ..... . ................ 15 9.

7 Post- Test Procedures. .. . .. .. .. . ............. ......... . ................. . ................ . ..... . . . ........... . .. I 5 10 .0 Calcul atio n s .......... ...... . ... . .. . ... . .. . ............................................................................. _. 1 5 I 0 . 1 Generated Aerosol Concentration ....................................... . ............. .. ......... .. . .... 15 10.2 Generated Aerosol Concentration Uncertainty ..... .. ........ .. ... ....... .. .. ...... .. ....... ..... 16 10.3 Solution Concentration and Flow Rate Set Points .. .. .............................. ......... ... 17 I0.4 Aerosol Emission S ize .. . ......... . ............ . .... . ....... . ...................... . .......................... 17 l 

### J . 0 Documentation of Quality Cont rol and Ass uran c e ............................................... 18 1 1. 1 Certificatio ns .............................................................. ... ................................... ... 18 II . 2 Fie l d Data Record s ................... . ................................................................... .. . .. .. 18 12 .0 P oDu tlon Prevention .. . .. .... ... .. . .. . ...... . ......... .. .......... .. ........... . .... . .. .. .... .. .... .. ............... . 18 1 3.0 Waste Manage m e nt .. . .. ... .................. .. . .. . .. ... ... . ....... . ......................... .. ...................... 18 14 .0 Fig ures and Tables .................................................................................................... 1 9 1 5.0 References ..... - .... - ..... - ............ - ..................... _............. . ................... .. ......... - . . .. .. . .. .. 23

Page iv o f vi 

## VE$009883

### Li s t of Sy mbols 

## c

;-f!AG = Concentmtio n of the**i~ '**  

### elem en t i n the reference aerosol gen erated by the QAG. 

## c

rQAG = Concentmrion of the ; > b 

### eleme nt in the standard solution used for the QAG. 

# D

,,. = Diamet er of the liquid droplets in t he aerosol. 

# D

, ,. = Diameter of the salt particles in the aerosol. 

## F; = Flow ofexpanded neb ulizer air in the 

### QAG . 

## F. Total combined flow of the nebulizer air and drying air in the QAG. 

### M , . Mass of water vapor in a liter of satura ted air. 

## ?, = A b solute pressure of the compressed neb ulizer air in the QAG. 

## P. 

# = Pressure of the expanded nebulizer a i r in the 

### QAG . R., 

# = Tot al r ate of solution mass loss for the 

### QAG . 

### R , = 

### Rate of va por Joss of the 

### QAG standard so lution. p ,.,, 

### = Density of the analyte salt i n the QAG. P liq 

### = The density of the l iquid droplet i n the QAG. 

### cr 

# = One s ta ndard deviation.

llts(rurnent a l t>.·l elhod ror o QAG: VJ. O 

### Page v of vi 

## VES00988 4

## L i s t of Fig u res Figure 1: A . Schematic oftlowtbrough QAG compone n ts. B. Over view of the set-up of the CESQAG ........... . ............................ . ..... . ..... . .... . .. . .. . . .. . .. . .. . .... . .. . .. . ........... . ............. 1 9 

### Figure 2: Sch ematic of the CES QAG standa rd solut i o n con t rol system ... . . . . . . . ... . ... . ............. 19 Figure 3: 

### Schematic of the CES QAG nebulizer air control s ystem ....... . .. . .. . ... . ....... . .. . . .... . . . .. 20 

### Figure 4: 

### Sch ematic of the CES QAG nebulizer and dropl et si z e control system . .. . . . . . .. . . .. . .. 20 

### Figure 5: Sch emat ic of the CES QAG drying ai r and drying chamber system . . .. .................. 21

lnsttu m

enf

:il M e l hod f or :1 QAO : V 1 .0 

### Page vi of vi 

## V ES00988 5

### 1.0 Principle and Applicability J.J 

### Principle 

### A solution contain ing an analyte or analytes of interest is conveyed to an aspirator where it i s combined wi th a gas and nebulized to form an aerosol o f liquid droplei:S . The s m a ller droplets continue thro u gh the system and are 

### dried. The res u l ti ng salt particles and/ or vapors are then emitted from the system as a reference aerosol ofNIST-traceable concentration . 1.2 Applicflbility 

### This method is applicable to spiking controlled and uncontro lled emissions as well as laboratory air for the purpo se ofevaluat ing the accuracy and prec isi on of aerosol measurement methods and/or calibrat ion of methods. 

### 2.0 Ran ge of E m.i ssio n Characteris tics 2. I Concentration The concentration of an a n alyte in the ge nerator emissions can range between 

### 0.001 and 1**OOO~tglm'** 

### depending on t he solutio n concentration, nebulizer con figuration and the 

### total flow of air t hrough the Cooper Env ironmenta l Services (CES) 

### quantitative aerosol ge n erator 

### (QAG) . 2.2 F l ow 

### The total flow ofemissions can range from 

### 1 0 to 

### 1000 sl pm . T otal flow i s dependent on the neb u lizer co nfigurati on, nebulizer air flow and t he flow ofdrying air. 2.3 Panicle Size The size of the dried salt particles is determined by the solution concentra ti on a nd the liqui d droplet size. The 

### QAG should be operated such that the est imated physic-a l diameter of the salt particles i s less than 3-4!!tn 

### (Section l 

### 0 . 4) . 2 . 4 Temperature 

### The output te mp erature of the 

### QAG e missions can 

### be set between 

### 200 a n d 

### 400 °F. Temperatures downstream of the 

### QAG mus t be above tbe dew poin t ofthe emitted aerosol but 

### can be 

### as hi gh 

### as the req u ired app lication . 

### 2.5 Species The 

### QAG princ iples 

### are g enerally a pplicable to 

### a wide range of analytes and solvents (or ga nic 

### and inorganic). However , the a pplica t ion des cribed in 

### thi s method is for inorganic

l ns:lt u rnenuU Method f or il QAG: V J . O 

### Page I 

### of23 

### VES009886

### metal salts i n aqueous solutions. This can include soluble salts of elements ranging from atomic number 3 (Li) to 92 (U). 

## 3. 0 Defmition s Aerosol Gen erato r System : System in which anal ytes contained within a solution are aerosolized , s eparated based on size , dried , and emitted. Aero sol : A suspension of solids and/or liquids in 

### a gas at vari o u s relative concentrations. A n a lyt e: A species (element, metal , e t c.) of interest in an anal ytical meth od. Anal yti ca lly NIS T Trac ea ble P aramet er: A farameter whose val ue is traceable to NJS T through a measurement that is NIST traceable . A ppU c ab le Con cen tr a tion R ange: The range of concentrations over which a QRAG must be able to 

### produce an aerosol ofNIST

-traceable or equivalent analyte concentration to be used for a given application. As pir atio n : The process by which 

## a liquid is drawn ftom 

## a reservoir through 

## a narrow rube by creating a vacuum above the tube with fast moving air . Atomizatio n : The process ofconverting a liquid in to small suspended droplets . Ce rtified Co nce ntration Ran ge: Range ofconcentrations for which the QAG is cert i fied. 

### D ry in g A ir: Air added to the QAG at the point of tbe drying cham ber that i s used to help dry 

### the aerosolized liquid droplet s into salt particles. Ge n er a t ed A erosol Con cent rati o n : The concentration of the aerosolized metal at the point of emission from the 

### QAG . This concentration is a function of the solution concentration , total flow, rate of mass l oss and rate ofvapor loss; it can be calcu l ated using Equation l. K ey C omponent: A p i ece of equipment or instrument t hat measures any parameter used to determine 

### the generated aerosol concentration. 

### Linea ri ty: The degree to which two paramet ers are linearly related as determined 

### by the value of the s lope and correlation coefficien t o f 

## a least squares regress i on analysis. Ma in Flow: Flow of gas duoug h the aerosol generator, tran sport /interface, and sampling system. M ake U p Flo w 

### (Air or S tac k G a s): Flow of air and/or stack gas added after the aerosol is emitted 

### from the QAG either before or as part of the transport/interface system.**n~rur:nco al**  Mt'tllod f or a QAO: V I . O 

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## VES009887

### Neb uli zatio n : A size-limiting ato mizatio n process in which larger droplets are removed from the aerosol through i m paction or sedimentation prior to being emitted from a n ebulizer. Nebuli z er Air : A ir flowi n g int o the nebulizer that is combined with th e NIST-traceabl e solution to create the aerosolized metals. NIS T : The Natio n al Institute of Sta n

dards and Technology, Gaithersburg, 

### MD. P

a r ti c u l at e: A 

### partic le of solid or liquid matter. P r oc ess N I ST Traceable: A 

### paramet er whose value is traceable to NIST through a p r

ocedu re, the steps of which are each NIST traceab l e. Q u a ntita ti v e Aeroso l Gen er a t or ( QAG): An aerosol g e nerator system that uses analytes of kn own c oncentrations in aqueous solution t o create aeroso l e missions of known metal concen trat ions . Qu a nt i tative Refer e n ce Aerosol Ge n e r at or ( QRAG) : An 

### aeroso l generator which emi ts an aerosol of known analyte concen tration that is NIST or equivalent traceable. S a m p ling System : A collect ion of integrated components designed to collect a portion of an aerosol that acc u ra

t ely represents an ana l yte concentration. Sta bili ty: Percent relative standard deviation ofa va lue measured over ao exten ded period of time. S ta nd ar d : 

### Something established by a u thority , c us t om, or agreement for use as a rule o r basis for compari so n i.n measurement. S t and a rd d eviati o n : A 

### paran1eter t hat indicates the way in which a probability function or a probability density function i s centered around its mean and that is equa l t

o the s quare root of the moment in 

### which the deviation from the mean is 

### squared. T ot al F low : The c ombined flow of n ebu lizer air a n d drying air within the aerosol generation systern Total flow does not include a i r added t o the trans p o rt sys t em aft e r the aerosol exits theQAG . Tracea b illt y to NI S T : A 

### document ed procedure by w hich a measured response is related t o a standard with an accuracy defined by and certified by the National Instit ute of 

### Standards Technology (NJST) . T ra ceability: A property ofthe result of a 

### measurement o r the value of a stan dard where by i t can be 

### rel at ed t o stated references , usually nationa l o r international s t andard s, through an unbroken chain of 

### comparisons all having stated uncertainties 2 • 

### Tran s po rt/Inte rf ac e Compon e nt : T hat portion of a test arrangement that connects the QRAG to the point w h ere the aerosol wi U he 

### evalu ated .

l '*t U I I'IoenCal r..·l e lbl)d (l)f :l QAO : VI .0 

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## VES009888

### Unce rt a inty: An 

### i ndi cat ion of t he degree of reliability ofa value usually expressed statistically (probability) as a m u ltip le of the standard deviation of a setofmeasurements . Unle s s otherwise stated, the uncertainty in 

### a mean value of 

### a series of measurements will be the standard deviation . In the case of values based on ca l cu l ations , th e uncertain ty i n the value is equal to th e p ropagated uncertainty based o n the uncertainties in the parameters us ed in the calculation s. 

### 4.0 Operational Specifications TI1e following operat i o n al speci fi cations must be met to ens u re t he 

### QAG i s functioning properly an d the generated a erosol concentration ca n be acc urate l y detennined . 

### 4 . 1 Nebulizing Air Flo w Rme (Fe) TI1 e flow must be s et between 

### 1 0 and 

### I I lite rs pe r minute corrected to 32° F . 

### 4 . 2 Nebulizing Air Pressure (P 

### J The pressure must fall in the range o f 

### 15 to 

### 20 psi-gauge. 

### 4 .3 Nebulizing Air Temperature The temperature of the nebulizing air must be between 

### 32 and 

### 33°F. 4.4 

### Nebulizer Cup Temperature Tbe nebulizer cup temperature must fall in the range of 

### 30 to 

### 34° F . 4. 

### 5 lee Bath Temperature The ice ba t h mnst be kept between 32 and 33 ° F . 4.6 

### Drying Air Flow Rote The flow rate must 

### be between 

### 25 and 75 slpm. 4 . 

### 7 

### Drying Ab· Temperalllre Tbe drying air temperature must be between 

### 220 and 

### 400°F. 

### 5 . 0 N IST- Traceable Specification s I n a dditio n to meeting tbe above operational specifications (Section 

### 0), the 

### Q AG ' s pardmet ers mus t be conf rrmed as NJST- tmceable. The g enerated aeroso l conc entrati o n is

J ; )SllumenUII Mctb od f or:. QAG : V I . O 

### P age 4 of 23 

## VE S0 09889

### process traceab le to NIST through the traceability of the QAG's k e

y components,. Th e aerosol concentration is a function of t he concentration of the solution s ta n dard , total flow rate, rate of mas s loss of the s o lut ion , and rate of vapor loss (Equat ion I and Equation 2). This process traceab ili ty to NIST is establi shed by meeting the foUowing specifications: 5

. 1 

### Mass Loss The QAG so l utio n rate of mass loss (R,) 

### is determined by t he balance, which m ust be calibrated in the field with NIST-traceable mass stan dards. Balance readi n gs must be± 1% ofdte standard value and certification ofthe mass standards mus t be current. 5.2 Flow Rate 

### The QAG's flow parameters , total flow rate (J?,) and flow rate of the e xp anded nebulizer air 

### (F., used to ca l culate the rate of vapor loss (R,.); Equation 2), are measured by flow met e rs . The flow meters must be calibrated to± 2% 

### in the field with a 

### primary flow calibrator such as the DryCaJ<!!t. The NIST standard certification must be current. 5.3 

### Rate of Vapor 

### Los s The rate of vapor loss (R . ) is dependent on the temperature and pressure of the expanded nebulizing air (P , ) 

### as well as the pressure of the compressed n ebulizing air (P,; 

### Equation 2) . 

### In addition, t he vapor los s rate requires that the nebulizing air be sarurated with water vapor at 

### 3 2° F . This is assured by measuring the temperarure o f the nebulizing air with a 

### NIST · traceable thermometer to confirm that it is 

### 32 ± 

### J• f. The condition of saturation is 

### assured by first passing the neb u lizer air through a bubbler at room temperature and then through a condenser at 32 ° F. 

### 5.3.1 Temp e ratur e T h e 

### mass of water vapor in one li t er of sarurated air is a referenced value at 32°F 4 • 

### The operator must confirm that the temperature of the neb ulizing air is measured using a NIST-standard i zed thermometer with c u rren t certification. 5.3.2 

### Pressure The operator must confirm that the ambien t p ressure and the abso l ute pressure of the compressed n ebulizing air upstream of the nebulizer are 

### meas u red using a NISTtraceab le p ressu re gauge with curren t certification . 

### 5.4 Sol111ion The analyte solution mus t be prepared using 

### a NTST-traceable s tandard of the an alyte(s) . The operator must confinn that the standard certification has not expired .

lnlltrumcntal M ethod f or 11 O AO : VI , () 

### Page · 5 of23 

## VES009890

## 6 . 0 Ap p a rat u s 6.1 Qu.antiJative Aerosol Generator 

### Use any aerosol genera t or to generate a reference aerosol that meets the specifications ofthis method. A schematic of the CES QAG is shown in Figme I. 

### The five major components of a nebulizer

- based QAG include: l. 

### A standard sol u tion contro l component required to regulate the flow ofsol u tio n from the reservoir to the nebulization cup and detel1l1ination of the solutio n mass loss rate. 2. A nebulizer air 

### control component that establishes and measures the flow, temperature, pressure and saturation of the n ebulizer air. 

### 3. An 

### ice bath for maintaining temperature of the nebulizet air at 

### or near 

### 32°F. 4 . 

### A nebuli zer and vapor 

### size control and equilibration. 

### 5

. A drying air a n d drying chamb er with temperature and flow control. 6.2 Standard Solution Control System 

### This section of the QAG includes a peristaltic pump to cycle the NIST - traceab l e solution through the nebulizer cup and a laptop connected to a balance for meas u ring the mass loss of the solution (Figme 2). 

### 6.2.1 

### Solution Reservoir The solution reservoir must be large enough to ho ld a minimum of I 

### liter of solution and smaU enough to 

### fit completely and securely on the bal ance. It must be insulated with foam to prevent moisture from condensing on the outside of the reservoir. Note: it is important that the extraction and re turn of solution tubing not to uc h any part of the reservoir. 

### 6.2.2 

### Solution Transport Line Noroprene or equivalent tubing is used to transport the solution through the solution sys t em. 6.2.3 

### Peristaltic Pttmp A two-headed perista l tic pump is used to circulate the NIST - traceable .solution between the solution reservoir and the nebulizer cup. The solution is 

### pushed in to the chamber at a rate of 15 ml/min and pulled out of the chamber at a rate of 17 mllmin. 6.2.4 

### Balance The NIST -traceable solution and its reservoir are placed on 

### a balance located next to the nebulizer / drying chamber assembly. The balance i s us e d to meas u re the mass of the solution being condensed by the QAG.**nsiJo~nLa McchodfOtaQAG** **:** \'1.0 

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## VES00989 1

### 6.2.5 Computer 

### A computer is connected to the balanc e and is used to record the changing mass of the NIST-traceable sol u tion con ti n uo usly with cus t om software. These data are used to determin e the rate of reservoir mass loss (R,.,), 

### which is the slope of the recorded reservoir mass over time. 6

. 3 Nebulizer Air Control System 

### Tb.is section of the QAG uses compressed air to create the initial solution droplet aerosol (Figure 3). 6.3.1 Nebulizing Air Lines 

### S tainless steel , P FA or equivalent tubing is used to transport the neb uli zing air through the saturator, impinger, and nebulizer. 6.3.2 Filler Uuits 

### Filter units are used to remove oil and other particles from the nebulizing air. 6 . 3.3 Pressure Regulator 

### Downstream of the filter 

### uniiS , a prec i sio n pressure regulator is needed to cont rol the pressure of air flowing into the QAG system to a nominal pressure of about 18 psi that is regulated to ± 

### 0.5 

### psi-gauge. 6

. 3 . 4 Flow Meter 

### A flow meter is requ i red for detemtining t h e flow rate of the compressed air which is used to calcu late the flow rate of the expanded nebulization air (F , ). 

### This tlow rate which must be set to a pre-determined value based on the desired concentrat i on of the aerosol emission (Sect i on 

### I 0.3). 6.3 . 5 Ball Valve 

### A manual two-way ball valve is used to shu t-offthe flow of air to the nebu lizer. 6.3.6 Ambient Temperature Saturator 

### The ambient temperature satura tor is a b ubbler half-filled with water . The neb u lizer air is pushed thro ugh a PFA-coa ted stainles s steel c h amber and is bubbled through water to assure saturation with wat e r vapor at room temperature. The saturator should be checked and refil l ed at least once a day .

l rwrumenlal Metl'(ld f or a QA G : V

1.0 

### Page 7 of23 

## VES009892

### 6. 3. 

### 7 Condense r Ne bu lizing a ir passi ng through the condenser is cool ed t o and saturated at approximately 32"F. The condenser should be checked and e mpt ied at l east once a day. 

### 6.3.8 Pressure Gauge A NJST -traceable pressure gauge is used to measure the pressure of the compressed air flowing into the nebulizer (P c). 

### 6.4 Ice Bath Downstream of the ambient temperature saturato r , the n ebulizer air is p us hed i n to a contain er filled witi1 ice and water main tained at appro x imately 

### 32" F. The condenser, n ebu li z e r cup (whi ch con tai n s the neb u lizer), and neb u lizer settling

- equilibration ch amber are a ll housed within this container. The con t ainer should have a thermocoup l e and thermometer for mon itoring t he temperat ure of the i ce bath and a drain to remove water. 6.5 Nebulizer 

### Droplet Size 

### Contml System 

### This sect i on of the QAG consists of 

### three major components (Figure 4): I. 

### Nebulizer and nebulizer nozzle 

### 2. Nebulizer cup 

### 3. Nebulizer settling-equilibrating c hamber



### 6.5.1 Nebulizer 

### and Nebulizer Nozzle 

### A NIST - traceable solution of known meta l concentration 

### is aerosolized by 

### a nebulizer, such as 

### a Coll i so n**ebulize~.** l oca ted inside the n ebulizer cup (see Figure XX- 2). The cooled and saturated nebulizing air leaves the condenser and i s pushed throug h t he nebulizer nozzle s . Th e bottom of the nebulizer nozzle is located about 3 / 8 

### of an inch below the surface of the solutio n. The nebulizing air is forced across the surface of the capillary rube causing the solu tion to be drawn i nto the hi gh velocity a i r stream . Th i s proce$S creates 

### a drop let spray containin g a w i de range o f d roplet s izes. 

### The larges t drop l e ts impact on the wa ll s of the nebulizer cup a n d are recy cled . The sma ller drop l ets are entrain ed in the neb u lizer air flow and 

### pass into t he settling-equilibration chamber. 

### 6.5.2 Nebulizer 

### Cup The nebulizer cup con tains the standa r d solution . This so l ution is continuously circulated 

### fro m t he nebuli z er cup to t he e xternal reservoi r in o r de r to mini m ize the impact of vapor loss on solution concentration and allow for determination of the solution mass los s rate.**ns:ttu ~ral**  Method fo t ' &

QAG : VI .O 

### Page 8 

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## V E S009893

### A thermocouple atulched to the nebulizer cup is connec t ed to 

### a NIST-traceable thermometer in order 

### to measure the temperature ofthe cup. The temperature of the c up mus t be kept at 32°F, whi ch is the effective temperature of 

### M ., the tenn for the mass of water va por in one liter of satura ted air. 

### 6.5.3 Nebulizer Sealing

-Equilibration Chamber The function of the nebulizer seuling-equilibra tion cham b e r 

### i s to remove and recyc l e 

### all droplet s greater than 

### 30 !UD in diameter 

### as well as 

### to assure droplet-vapor equilibrium at 32°F. Thus, the only droplets emiUed into the drying chamber have diameters less than 30 1 1 m and have been equilibrated with water vapor at 3 2 °F. 

### 6.6 Drying Air and D1ying Chamber System The drying air is heated and used for drying the liquid aeroso l into salt particles. In this part of the 

### QAG , clean dry air 

### (CDA) a ir is required ( F igure 

### 5). 6.6.1 Drying 

### Air Lines Stainless steel, PFA or equivalent tubing i s us ed to transport the CDA through the rube beaters and into the drying chamber. 

### 6.6 . 2 Filter Units Filter units are used to remove oil an d o tlter particles from the drying air. 

### 6.6 . 3 

### Pres:mre Regulator The pressure regulator on the drying air line is used to adjust the flow of drying air to the desired flow rate. 

### 6.6.4 Dry i ng Air Flow Meter The drying air flow meter 

### is used to measure the drying a i r flow for the purpose of adjusting the pressure reg u lator. 

### 6.6.5 Tube Heaters The drying air is split into two lines downstream of the flow meter and each l ine i s passed through 

### a tube heater just before the air enters the dryi og chamber. Both beaters are maintained at 300 

### ± 200F. 

### 6.6.6 Dtying 

### Air Ring After being heated by the tube heaters , the drying air enters the drying chamber throug h a series ofholes in the drying air ring . The air increases the drying rate of liquid drop l ets a nd acts as an air curtain that keeps the drop l ets from impacting the chamber wa lls .

l ll:ilrummtal Melhod f or a QAG : V I.O 

### Page 9 of23 

## VES009894

### 6.6.7 Drying Chamber The nebulized l i q uid droplets from th e nebuli zer settl i ng -equilibratio n chamber are com b ine d wi th the drying air in the drying chamber , w hi ch is h eated to approx i mate l y 

### 250°F. The drop l ets are dri ed in the chamber and the resulting aerosolized metals are emitted into the transport system . 

### 6.6.8 Drying Chamber Heaters The drying chamber 

### is heated by a tape heater or 

### a blanket heater m ai ntained at approximately 

### 2500F. 6.6.9 Flo w Meter A flow meter is required for determi n i ng the total flow rate 

### (F,). The user can detenni ne the total flow by either 

### (I) measuri n g the drying air flow rate wit h a flow met er an d adding this to the nebulizer air flow rate, or 

### (2) measuring the main flow rate wid1 a Oow meter and subt racti n g 

### all nows except the total Oow . 

## 7 . 0 S upp lies 7.1 

### Standard Solutions The QAG generates 

### an aerosol with NISI - traceable accuracy based on the NISI-traceable accuracy of the s tandard s olu ti ons use d. These sol utions are consumed at 

### a rate ofabout 

### 5 to 10 mlJhour. An adequate supply of s o lutions at various concentra t ions r equired by a test plan shou ld be prepared prior to the testing. 

### The primary requireme nt s ofthese solutions are that 

### ( I) the accuracy of the analyte concentrat i ons be NISI-traceab l e 

### (2) the s o lutio ns be s table over the period of their use a n d 

### (3) the calculated diameter of the resulting driod 

### salt particles be l es s 

### than 4J.1m (Section 

### I 0 .4 ). 7.1.1 NIST - Traceahle Accurac y Solutions wi th NIST - traceable acc urac i es can be prepared in the laboratory or purchased fro m an ou t side ve n dor . Solution ac curacies are generally expected to be better th an 

### 0.5% at the 

### 95% confidence level. At these accuracies, uncertaintie s 

### in standard s o l ution concentrations are insignificant contributors to the uncertainty of the generate d aer oso l conc entration . 

### 7.1.2 

### Standard Solurion Stability Tile stability oft he s tandard solution over a period of mo nths is gene rally assured ifthe meta l analytes are prepared as nitrates in 

### I% nitri c aci d solutions. Other metal anal)1e salts a n d acids may be used, but stabili ty needs to be documente d either b) • l aboratory testing or by vendor certification. Particular car e should be taken when us ing standard solut i o n s with multiple analytes to assure analyte stability.**ll ttu** **nc-~ l**  Mel t&ad**QAO~** V I . O Page 10 of23 

## VES009895

### 7.1.3 Solution Volume The vol u me of standard so l u

t ion prepared should generall y be a t least 2 liters or more . Although only a fraction of this volume might be used, the larger volume is required by the solution reservoir to minimize solution concentration increases due to evaporation over the te$t period. Under normal operating conditions, the solution concen tr• tion increase is less tl13n I% over test periods of about I 0 hours, or about 0. 1% per hour , which is usually i nsignificant for test periods of a few hours. 

### 7.1 . 4 

### Analyte CcmcenJralion The concent ration of analytes in the standard solut ion is controlled so as t o be less t han the concentration that would result in dried salt particles with diameters greater than about 4J.lm (Section I 0.4) . With nio·ates in n itric acid solutions, t h

is will generally 

### be the case if the dissolved solids are le<;s than about 500 to 1000 ppm. A sing le metal analyte concentration of about 100 ppm will result in an aerosol concentration of about 100 J.1g/m 3 

### if the typical QAG operating conditions are used with a total flow ofabout 100 s l pm. Thus, the QAG can be used to gene r•te aeroso l s with multiple analytes in range of EPA emission standards without ge n e rating salt particles greater th a n abo u t 4 J.l m in diameter that might otherwise have significant transport issues. 7.2 Compressed 

### Air Th e QAG requires at least 4 0 psi a nd 80 slpm (approximately 2 elm) 

### of instrument air. Between 10- 1 21pm are needed to maintain t he flow of nebulizing air and between 25 and 75 slpm are needed for the drying air fl ow, depending on the desired emission concenh<ttion. The selected compressed air source should be sufficient to meet the flow requ irements for t h e desired tests runs. 7.3 lee Bath 

### Th e QAG requires ice sufficient for filling the ice bath container and maintaining the temperature of the nebul izer air at 32°F for the duration of the test. 

### 8. 0 Pre- Tes t Performance Evaluation Procedu res 8.1 Pre- Tesl Laboratory Preparalion 

### The following system checks and pre parations must be conducted in the laboratory prior to shippin g and assembling the QAG a t a test site . 

### 8.1.1 Certification Check Confirm that aU required NlST-traceable certificates are valid.**n~trum CI'lllll**  Mctbod fo 1 · a QAO: V 1 .0 

### Page J 

### I of23 

## VES009896

### 8.1. 2 Operations Check Confinn that the genera l operation of the QAG meets t he manufacturer' s s pecifications. 8 . 1.3 A 

### nalyte Solution Preparation Prepare a s u ffic i ent amo u nt of analyte solution fo r the length oft he test; for example , two liters of solution is suffic ient for a 12-bour run . 8.2 Pre- Test Field Preparation TI1 e following procedures must be conduc ted after re ceiving t he QAG a t the test s it e and prior to operat ing it in the field . 8.2.1 Physical Integrity Check Check the QAG's physical components t o ensure no parts were damaged in shippin g. 8.2.2 Assembly Assemb l e the QAG pee manufacturer's instmctions . 8. 2. 3 Operations Check and Calibration Check the QAG's operations to ens ure that it m eets the manufacturer's specifications. Confim1 that the pressure gauges u sed to measure the ambient air and nebuli z i n g air pressures a r e NIST - certified and the certifica t ions are cu rrent . Confirm t h at the thennometer used to measure the temperature ofthe nebulizing air is NIST**~ertified** 

### and the certificate is valid. In addition, calibrate the fo llowing components pr ior to installation and document all pre- test check results and readi n gs: Balanc . e Ca libr atio n : Calibrate the b ala n ce using NlST- t raceable masses ; cont irm that the readings are ± I% of the standard and the NISTcertificates are current. Flow M e t er Calibration . Calibrate Oow meter with a primary flow calibra t or s u ch as a DryCaJ ®3 ; 

### confinn t hat the readings are within 2% of the NIST-traceable certificate values. 8.2. 4 Installation. Install the QAG in the test facil ity per test plan requirements. 8.2. 5 Pressure and Leak Check The QAG system uses positive pressure, and the nebulizer air flow Une mu s t be le ak checked before testing . Cap off the n ebulizer air line jus t before the nebulizer,

l1J$1 r u r m

: n t

al Method f or n Q A

G: V I-C) 

### Page 12 of23 

## VES009897

### pressurize the line, and check for leaks using an appropriate leak indicator. Tigh ten any sections of the line where leaks are indicated . 8.2. 6 Mass - Loss Evaluation Before running the QAG with NTST-traceable sol ution, 

### the operator must conduct a m ass loss rate evalu ati on test. Follow the instructions below for starting and running the QAG with a NIST-traceable sol ution, and substitute a blank solution of 5% nitric ac i d and distilled water. Run the QAG for 3 to 

### 5 hours using t h e blank; this a l so allows the QAG t o thermally equ ilibrate. Calcula te the slope and correlation coefficient for the decrease in t he weight of the reservoir over the run period. The QAG i s functi on ing properly if the slope is between 0.1 and 0.2 and the correlation coefficient 

### is better than 0. 99 . 

### !1.3 Solution Concentration and Flow Rate Determination Using the equation for generated aerosol concentration (Equation I ), determine the necessary so l ution concentration and flow rates set points for the desired emission conc entrations (see section I 0.3). 

### 8.4 Solulion Sample Collect and store a 50 ml sample of the analyte sol ution for possible q u ality assurance checks at a later time 

### if necessary. 

## 9.0 Generation of a Reference Aerosol with NIST- Traceabl e Accuracy 9.1 System Preparalion Connect the thermometers for the ic e bath and nebutizer c up . Fill the ice bat h contain e r with ice , makin g s ure it surrounds the i m pinger and neb u lizer c up. lf an ice bath is l eft from a previous run, drain the water and add enough ice to ens ure that the temperature of the bath remai ns at 32 ±; 

### I •F during the test run. While the ice bath is stabilizing, tum on the maio flow pump . Adjust the flow to the rate specified in the test plan. Next, tum on the drying air flow and adjust the pressure regulator unti l the flow reaches the de sired rat e. Periodically check the drying air flow and readjust as necessary as i t will tend to drop a fter the initial adjustment. Tum on the tube beaters and adj u st the set point to 300°F. Switch on the drying chamber heaters to 12 5°F and start increasing the temperarures by 50°F increments to the set point. At this time, turn 

### on any beaters associated with the t ransport system . When the cooler 

### is fuU ofice, add water to I" b elow the top ofthe cooler wall and insulate a ny gaps a t the to p of the cooler with foam. Con ti n ue to increase the temperature of the beaters throughout the solution exchange process described be l ow until they reach their set points. Continue to monitor and adjust QAG operating parameters as necessary .

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### 9.2 Solut i on E xchang e Th e 

### 5% ni tric ac i d s o l ution l eft i n the bottom o f the nebulizer cup after the mass l oss e valuation mus t be cyc l ed out of the system and r epl aced w ith the analyte solution. Using the tubes cmmecting the peristaltic pump to the reservoir , pump the distilled water o ut of the nebulizer cu p and into an empty beaker while simulmneou s ly p u mping 

### 300 mJ of the analyte solut i on from another beaker into the chamber. When all of th e analyte s olution bas been pumped through the c h amber, place the remai ning ana l yte solution in an empty reservoi r , swirl gently , center the reservo ir o n the balance , and replace the peristaltic ptmtp tubes . Gently lift the reservoir off the balance , zero the balanc e, and place the reservoir back down, taki ng care to ensure t h at t he peristaltic pump tubes are not touc h ing 811Y pa rt of the reservoir itself . Once the solution is p u mpin g i n Slid out of the r e servoir, tum o n th e laptop and the balance software . Moni tor the 

### m ass of the res en•oir u n til it begins to fluc tu ate around a constant mean. 

### 9.3 Flow Rate and Temperature Adjustments At 

### this poin t, the flow nue s and heaters**u~> be**  check e d and adjusted again ifnecessary . During this process, tum on the sample system an d bring it into equilibrium. The QAG system is in equilibri u m whe n the operational specificat i ons are met (Section 0) , the tota l flow is s t able , the flow of drying air is stable , a n d the heaters are operating a t their s et point s. 

### 9. 4 Aerosol Ge n eration and P e rformance Monitoring When the QAG i s i n equ il ibrium, turn on the nebuli z er flow by slowly opening 

### th e ma nu al ball v alve. C heck to m ake s ure the pressure regtdator is con trolling the flow at the flow set poin t (between 

### 1 0 Slid 

### II s l pm) 

### and adjust if necessary . When the nebul i zer flow is on, th e QAG is fu n c ti oning as 

### an aeroso l generator. Check to ensure the pressure r egulator and flow meter 

### are stable at the desired set point. Monitor the perform8llce o f the QAG fo r the next 

### 30 minutes, making m i nor adjustments 

### if necessary. Durin g 

### this time, the sam pl ing sys tem res u lts shou l d also be monitored to ensure that system i s fu n ct i oning properly. T he QA G s h ould be checked again after 

### 90 min u tes of ru nning t im e an d an y necessary minor adj u s tments should be made. Before leaving the QAG for any overnigh t runs , the operator s hould pack fres h ice i nto the cooler. 

### 9.5 Documentation of P e1jormance llte Q AG's perfo rma n ce mus t be doc u mented us i ng 

### a d ata sh eet such as Figure 

### 6. Befor e beginnin g a tes t , 

### fiU o ut the top of the data s heet with the a ppropriate tes t informatio n . Take a reading o f the atmospheric pressure wi th 

### a NIST- traceable pressure gauge and record this value, w hic h is equivalent to the pressure ofdte expanded neb u l izer air 

### ( P , ). After the QAG rea c hes eq ui librium, the neb u lizer flow is on , and the sy stem is g e ne r ating a n ae rosol, record the t im e a n d the follow ing parameters : the temperature o f the i c e batb, t h e t emperatur e ofth e nebuliz er cup (for M v), the n e bulizer flow rate (F ,) , the pressur e o f the nebulizer compressed 

### a

ir (P c ), the flow rate o f the dryi ng air, the pr essure ofthe dryi n g air , the tempe . rature of the drying air (i.e. , tube h eater tem perature) , dte total fl ow rate (F,), room t emperature , room**$C ru** **en~ l**  Mclhod (Of o QAG: V 1 .0 P age 14 of23 

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