Page 1 of 67

Permit No. WA0000761

Issuance Date: _?_

Effective Date: 

Expiration Date: 

National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System

Waste Discharge Permit No. WA0000761

State of Washington

Department of Ecology

Olympia, Washington 98504-7600

In compliance with the provisions of

The State of Washington Water Pollution Control Law

Chapter 90.48 Revised Code of Washington

and

The Federal Water Pollution Control Act

(The Clean Water Act)

Title 33 United States Code, Section 1251 et seq.

Tesoro Refining & Marketing Company LLC

PO Box 700

Anacortes, Washington 98221

is authorized to discharge in accordance with the special and general conditions which follow.

Facility Location: 

West March Point Road 

Anacortes, Washington

Receiving Water: Fidalgo Bay

Latitude Longitude

Outfall 001 48.508333 122.566667

Outfall 003 48.5 122.561389

Industry Type: Petroleum Refinery

Garin Schrieve, P.E.

Industrial Section Manager

Waste 2 Resources Program
Page 2 of 67

Permit No. WA0000761

TABLE OF CONTENTS

SPECIAL CONDITIONS ............................................................................................................ 7

S1. DISCHARGE LIMITS .......................................................................................................7

A. Process Wastewater Discharges...............................................................................7

B. Ballast and Stormwater Allocations (Outfall 001)...................................................9

C. Emergency Overflow (Outfall 003).......................................................................11

D. Mixing Zone Authorization ...................................................................................12

E. Tesoro Logistics Operations LLC (TLO) Wastewater ..........................................12

S2. MONITORING REQUIREMENTS.................................................................................13

A. Monitoring Schedule..............................................................................................13

B. Sampling and Analytical Procedures.....................................................................13

C. Flow Measurement, Field Measurement, and Continuous Monitoring Devices...13

D. Laboratory Accreditation.......................................................................................14

S3. REPORTING AND RECORDKEEPING REQUIREMENTS ........................................14

A. Reporting................................................................................................................14

B. Records Retention..................................................................................................16

C. Recording of Results..............................................................................................16

D. Additional Monitoring by the Permittee ................................................................17

E. Reporting Permit Violations..................................................................................17

F. Other Reporting .....................................................................................................18

G. Maintaining a Copy of this Permit.........................................................................19

S4. OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE............................................................................19

A. Operations and Maintenance Manual ....................................................................19

B. Bypass Procedures.................................................................................................20

C. Duty to Mitigate.....................................................................................................22

S5. FACILITY LOADING .....................................................................................................22

A. Design Criteria .......................................................................................................22

B. Plans for Maintaining Adequate Capacity .............................................................23

S6. NON-ROUTINE AND UNANTICIPATED DISCHARGES..........................................24

S7. ACUTE TOXICITY ..........................................................................................................24

A. Effluent Limit for Acute Toxicity..........................................................................24

B. Compliance With the Effluent Limit for Acute Toxicity.......................................25

C. Compliance Testing for Acute Toxicity ................................................................25

D. Response to Noncompliance with the Effluent Limit for Acute Toxicity.............25

E. Sampling and Reporting Requirements.................................................................27

S8. CHRONIC TOXICITY.....................................................................................................28

A. Testing when there is No Permit Limit for Chronic Toxicity................................28

B. Sampling and Reporting Requirements.................................................................29
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Permit No. WA0000761

S9. WASTEWATER TREATMENT EFFICIENCY STUDY AND UPDATED 

ENGINEERING REPORT............................................................................................................30

S10. SEDIMENT MONITORING.............................................................................................30

S11. POLLUTION PREVENTION...........................................................................................31

A. Pollution Prevention Plan Update and Implementation.........................................32

B. Specific Plan Update Requirements.......................................................................32

C. Stormwater Inspections..........................................................................................33

D. Biennial Reporting.................................................................................................33

E. Continuous Improvement.......................................................................................34

S12. DIOXIN STUDY...............................................................................................................34

A. Wastewater Sampling ............................................................................................34

B. Dioxin Study Report ..............................................................................................34

S13. DANGEROUS WASTES – PERMIT BY RULE REQUIREMENTS .............................35

S14. OUTFALL EVALUATION ..............................................................................................35

S15. APPLICATION FOR PERMIT RENEWAL ....................................................................35

S16. CERTIFIED OPERATOR.................................................................................................36

GENERAL CONDITIONS ...........................................................................................................36

G1. SIGNATORY REQUIREMENTS....................................................................................36

G2. RIGHT OF INSPECTION AND ENTRY........................................................................37

G3. PERMIT ACTIONS..........................................................................................................38

G4. REPORTING PLANNED CHANGES ............................................................................39

G5. PLAN REVIEW REQUIRED ..........................................................................................39

G6. COMPLIANCE WITH OTHER LAWS AND STATUTES............................................39

G7. TRANSFER OF THIS PERMIT ......................................................................................40

G8. REDUCED PRODUCTION FOR COMPLIANCE.........................................................40

G9. REMOVED SUBSTANCES ............................................................................................40

G10. DUTY TO PROVIDE INFORMATION..........................................................................41

G11. OTHER REQUIREMENTS OF 40 CFR..........................................................................41

G12. ADDITIONAL MONITORING.......................................................................................41

G13. PAYMENT OF FEES.......................................................................................................41

G14. PENALTIES FOR VIOLATING PERMIT CONDITIONS ............................................41

G15. UPSET ..............................................................................................................................41

G16. PROPERTY RIGHTS.......................................................................................................42

G17. DUTY TO COMPLY .......................................................................................................42

G18. TOXIC POLLUTANTS....................................................................................................42

G19. PENALTIES FOR TAMPERING ....................................................................................42

G20. REPORTING REQUIREMENTS APPLICABLE TO EXISTING MANUFACTURING,

COMMERCIAL, MINING, AND SILVICULTURAL DISCHARGERS .......................43

G21. COMPLIANCE SCHEDULES ........................................................................................43
Page 4 of 67

Permit No. WA0000761

APPENDIX A................................................................................................................................44

APPENDIX B................................................................................................................................46

APPENDIX C................................................................................................................................56
Page 5 of 67

Permit No. WA0000761

SUMMARY OF PERMIT REPORT SUBMITTALS

Refer to the Special and General Conditions of this permit for additional submittal requirements.

Permit 

Section

Submittal Frequency Report Submittal/ 

Activity Date

S1.A.

S1.C.

Priority Pollutant Testing

Emergency OverflowResults

Annually

As necessary

Within 60 days of each 

sampling event

With DMR

S3.A. Discharge Monitoring Report (DMR) Monthly The 15th of each month

S3.D. Additional Monitoring by Permittee As necessary With DMR

S3.E. 24-hr Noncompliance Notification As necessary Within 5 days and/or 

with DMR 

S3.F. Other Noncompliance Notification As necessary With DMR

S4.A. Review and Update Operations and 

Maintenance Manual 

As necessary

S4.A. Updated Treatment System Operating 

Plan

1/permit cycle 180 days prior to 

permit expiration 

S4.B. Reporting Bypasses As necessary With DMR

S7.C. Acute Toxicity Tests Quarterly Within 60 days after

completion of the test

S8.A. Chronic Toxicity Tests 2/permit cycle With the permit 

renewal application

S9. Wastewater Treatment System Study 

Plan

If material and

substantial 

alterations to 

refinery

Within 90 days of 

material or substantial 

alterations to refinery 

coming on line

S9. Updated Engineering Report If material and

substantial 

alterations to 

refinery

Within180 days of 

completion of 

Treatment Efficiency 

Study

S10.A. Sediment Sampling and Analysis Plan 1/permit cycle Within one year of 

permit effective date

S10.C. Sediment Data Report 1/permit cycle Within 180 days of 

completion of sampling 

S11.A. Updated Pollution Prevention Plan 1/permit cycle Within 18 months of 

the permit effective 

date
Page 6 of 67

Permit No. WA0000761

Permit 

Section

Submittal Frequency Report Submittal/ 

Activity Date

S12.B

S13. 

Dioxin Study Report

Summary of off-site DW accepted and 

treated by permitee

1/permit cycle

1/permit cycle

With the permit 

renewal application

With the permit 

renewal application

S14. Outfall Evaluation Report 1/permit cycle Within 90 days of 

conducting the outfall 

evaluation but no later 

than with the permit 

renewal application

S15.

G1.C.

Application for Permit Renewal

Notice of Change in Authorization

1/permit cycle

As necessary

180 days prior to 

permit expiration 

G4. Permit Application for Substantive 

Changes to the Discharge

As necessary

G5. Engineering Report for Construction or 

Modification Activities

As necessary

G7. 

G10.

Notice of Permit Transfer

Duty to Provide Information

As necessary

As necessary

G20. Notification of Discharge of Toxic 

Pollutants

As necessary
Page 7 of 67

Permit No. WA0000761

SPECIAL CONDITIONS

S1. DISCHARGE LIMITS

A. Process Wastewater Discharges

All discharges and activities authorized by this permit must be consistent with the 

terms and conditions of this permit.

The discharge of any of the following pollutants more frequently than, or at a level 

in excess of that identified and authorized by this permit violates the terms and 

conditions of this permit.

Beginning on the effective date of this permit and lasting through the expiration 

date, the Permittee is authorized to discharge wastewater treatment plant effluent at 

the permitted location subject to complying with the following limits:

Parameter Units Effluent Limits:

Outfall #001 

Monitoring 

Frequency Sample Type

Average 

Monthly a

Maximum 

Daily b

Biochemical Oxygen 

Demand (5-day) lbs/day 760 1,390 1/wk d 24 hr comp c

Chemical Oxygen 

Demand lbs/day 5,280 10,230 3/wk d 24 hr comp c

Total Suspended 

Solids (TSS) lbs/day 620 960 Daily 24 hr comp c

Oil and Grease lbs/day 220 420 Daily Grab

Oil and Grease mg/l

The concentration of oil and grease in the discharge must at no 

time exceed 15 mg/l and must not exceed 10 mg/l more than three 

days per month.

Phenolic 

Compounds lbs/day 5.0 10.2 1/wk 24 hr comp c

Ammonia as N lbs/day 480 1,070 1/wk 24 hr comp c

Sulfide lbs/day 4.0 9.0 1/wk Grab 

Hexavalent 

Chromium

0.050 mg/l 

and 1.52 

lbs/day

Semi-annually 24 hr comp c

pH e

Daily minimum is equal to or 

greater than 6.0 and the daily 

maximum is less than or 

equal to 9.0

Continuous c,f Continuous c,f
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Permit No. WA0000761

Parameter Units Effluent Limits:

Outfall #001 

Monitoring 

Frequency Sample Type

Average 

Monthly a

Maximum 

Daily b

Fecal Coliform Colonies/

100mls 200 400 Weekly Grab

Temperature oC -- -- Continuous c Continuous c

Feedstock Rate g bbls/day -- -- Daily

Ballast Water Flow gallons 

received -- -- Daily

Rainfall inch/day -- -- Daily

Average monthly flow 

across the WWT 

system for the 

maximum month

MGD -- -- Annually

Flow from 

Secondary Clarifier 

***

MGD _ _ Continuous Continuous

COD loading to the 

Primary Clarifier Lbs/day -- -- Annually Composite

Final Effluent Flow MGD -- -- Continuous c Continuous c

Priority Pollutants 

(PP) h

μg/L; 

ng/L for 

mercury

-- --

Once /year

(results due 

within 60 days 

of sampling 

but no later 

than March 1st

of the 

following year)

Grab

Stormwater Monitoring – See Permit Condition S1.C.

Acute Toxicity Testing – See Permit Condition S7.

Chronic Toxicity Testing – See Permit Condition S8.

Herring Toxicity Study – See Permit Condition S9.

Wastewater Treatment Efficiency Study – See Permit Condition S10.

Sediment Monitoring– See Permit Condition S11.

Dioxin Monitoring – See Permit Condition S13.

*** Tesoro must install a flow meter at the effluent from the Secondary Clarifier by August 31, 2015.
Page 9 of 67

Permit No. WA0000761

a The average monthly effluent limit means the highest allowable average of daily

discharges over a calendar month. To calculate the discharge value to compare to the limit, 

you add the value of each daily discharge measured during a calendar month and divide this 

sum by the total number of daily discharges measured. Additional allocation may be 

permitted for stormwater runoff and ballast water according to Permit Condition S1.B.

b The maximum daily effluent limit means the highest allowable daily discharge. The daily 

discharge means the discharge of a pollutant measured during a calendar day. For pollutants 

with limits expressed in units of mass, the daily discharge is calculated as the total mass of 

the pollutant discharged over the day. For other units of measurement, the daily discharge is 

the average measurement of the pollutant over the day. Additional allocation may be 

permitted for stormwater runoff and ballast water according to Permit Condition S1.B.

c Continuous means uninterrupted except for brief lengths of time for calibration, for power 

failure, or for necessary equipment repair or maintenance. With the exception of pH, the 

Permittee must sample every 4 hours when continuous monitoring is not possible. 24-hour 

composite means a series of individual samples collected over a 24-hour period into a single 

container and analyzed as one sample. Grab means an individual sample collected over a 

fifteen (15)-minute or less period.

d The monitoring frequencies for these parameters have been reduced as a result of consistent 

performance well below the permit limits. Should the treatment performance deteriorate 

Ecology may increase the monitoring frequencies to the levels required in the previous 

permit (COD 7/7 and BOD 2/7). Ecology will notify the Permittee by letter to increase 

monitoring upon determination of deteriorating performance.

e Indicates the range of permitted values. Any excursions below 5.0 and above 10.0 at any 

time are violations. The instantaneous maximum and minimum pH must be reported in the 

monthly. Do not average pH values. When pH is continuously monitored, excursions 

between 5.0 and 6.0, or 9.0 and 10.0 are not considered violations provided no single 

excursion exceeds 60 minutes in length and total excursions do not exceed 7 hours and 30 

minutes per month. 

f If pH data from the continuous monitor is unavailable, pH monitoring must consist of hourly 

grab samples.

g The average daily crude throughput must be reported in the monthly DMR.

h The Permittee must sample the final effluent (Outfall 001) annually and analyze the sample 

for the priority pollutants and other pollutants listed in Appendix B. See Appendix B for 

required detection (DL) or quantitation (QL) levels. The detection limit and the method 

must conform to those listed. The Permittee must submit the results of these analyses to 

Ecology within 90 days of each sampling event. List the data in tabular form with the 

method, detection limit, and the measured value including units. The PCBs and pesticides 

listed in Appendix B are not required to be tested for unless they are used at the refinery.

B. Ballast and Stormwater Allocations (Outfall 001)

The Permittee is authorized to discharge additional amounts of the following 

parameters based on stormwater and ballast water flow through Outfall 001. The 

Permittee must determine ballast water volume by gauging the ballast water storage 

tanks. Report the cumulative monthly ballast water volume with the DMR if the 
Page 10 of 67

Permit No. WA0000761

ballast allocation is not used. If the ballast water allocation is used then the 

Permittee must submit with the DMR a report showing the daily volume of ballast 

water released to the wastewater system for treatment.

The Permittee must determine the storm water flow rate as the difference between 

total measured effluent through Outfall No. 001 and the sum of ballast water plus 

the average dry weather flow rate. The average dry weather flow is hereby 

established as 2.7 MGD. The Permittee may only use the maximum daily storm 

water allocation on those storm water flow days when the base limits from S1 

above are exceeded. During the summer months of June through October the 

Permittee may only claim the storm water allocation for the maximum daily 

value when it can demonstrate that measurable rainfall has occurred at the 

refinery site during the previous 10 calendar days. If rainfall data on-site is 

unavailable due to equipment malfunction, data from nearby rainfall gauging 

stations can be used. Report the stormwater allocation for each day it is used for 

the parameters below.

Parameter Ballast Water Allocation: 

Outfall #001

Stormwater Allocation: 

Outfall #001

Average 

Monthly

Maximum 

Daily

Average 

Monthly

Maximum 

Daily

Pounds/Million Gallons

Biochemical 

Oxygen Demand 

(5-Day)

210 400 220 400

Chemical Oxygen 

Demand

2000 3900 1500 3000

Total Suspended 

Solids

170 260 180 280

Oil and Grease 67 126 67 130

Phenolic 

Compounds

N/A N/A 1.4 2.9

Storm water flow is equal to the amount of flow in excess of the established dry 

weather flow plus ballast water. For the months of June through October, 

qualifying storm water flow days are only those days when measurable rainfall 

occurred at the refinery site during the previous 10 calendar days. Average 

Monthly Stormwater Allocation (AMSWA) is defined as the sum of storm water 

flows from qualifying storm water flow days sampled divided by the number of 

qualifying days times the average monthly allocation for that parameter. The Total 

Average Monthly Limit (T) is the sum of the base average monthly limit (B) 

(listed in Condition S1.A.) plus the Average Monthly Stormwater Allocation (listed 

in Condition S1.B.) T = B + AMSWA. (An example calculation is shown in 

Appendix B).
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Permit No. WA0000761

C. Emergency Overflow (Outfall 003)

Beginning on the effective date of this permit, the Permittee is authorized to 

discharge treated waste water from Outfall 003 during extreme rainfall events 

when the capacity of the retention pond is exceeded. The treated waste water must 

be monitored for the parameters at the frequencies listed below.

 

The Permittee must notify Ecology of any discharges under this subsection within 

24 hours of such an event and submit the results of monitoring in the monthly 

discharge monitoring report. Outside of normal working hours, voice mail 

notification of the Industrial Section responsible engineer, shall meet the 

requirement.

The discharge shall not violate Chapter 173-201A WAC Water Quality Standards 

for Surface Waters of the State of Washington. The sum total of the monitoring 

results for discharges from Outfalls 001 and 003 for any given day or month shall 

not violate the effluent limits specified in Condition S1.A. of this permit.

Parameter Outfall 003

(final effluent)

Monitoring 

Frequency Sample Typea,b

pH X Once/event grab

Total Suspended Solids X Once/event composite

Biochemical Oxygen Demand (5-day) X Once/event composite

Chemical Oxygen Demand X Once/event composite

Oil & Grease X Once/event grab

Phenols X Once/event composite

Flow measurement X Once/event Engineering 

Estimate

a Storm water and/or final effluent samples shall be collected from the outfall or an active 

representative drain access point nearest the outfall.

b Composite means samples collected with a composite sampler or one sample collected 

every hour of discharge into a single container and analyzed as one sample. Grab means an 

individual sample collected over a fifteen (15)-minute or less period.

c Volatile organics include benzene, naphthalene, 1,2,4-trimethlybenzene, isopropylbenzene, 

p-isopropylbenzene, ethylbenzene, propylbenzene, 1,3,5-trimethylbenzene, toluene, and 

total xylenes.

d BNAs include phenanthrene, fluorene, naphthalene, 2-methylnaphthalene, 2-methylphenol, 

benzyl alcohol, 2,4-dimethylphenol, and 4-methylphenol.
Page 12 of 67

Permit No. WA0000761

D. Mixing Zone Authorization

MIXING ZONE FOR OUTFALL 001:

The following paragraphs define the maximum boundaries or flow-volume 

restriction of the mixing zones:

Chronic Mixing Zone

The mixing zone is a circle with radius of 225 feet measured from the center of 

each discharge port. The mixing zone extends from the seabed to the top of the 

water surface. The concentration of pollutants at the edge of the chronic zone must 

meet chronic aquatic life criteria and human health criteria.

Acute Mixing Zone

The acute mixing zone is a circle with radius of 23 feet measured from the center of 

each discharge port. The mixing zone extends from the seabed to the top of the 

water surface. The concentration of pollutants at the edge of the acute zone must 

meet acute aquatic life criteria.

Available Dilution

Acute Aquatic Life Criteria 18

Chronic Aquatic Life Criteria 91

Human Health Criteria - Carcinogen 93

Human Health Criteria - Non-carcinogen 91

E. Tesoro Logistics Operations LLC (TLO) Wastewater

The Permittee is authorized to receive untreated wastewater from the Tesoro 

Logistics Operations LLC Crude Rail Off-loading Facility (CROF), LPG Railcar 

Rack, Light Products Truck Rack, and Shore Crude Storage Tanks for treatment in 

the Permittee’s wastewater treatment system. The untreated wastewaters must 

consist only of:

• CROF unloading platform drain sump water

• CROF rail car wash water

• TLO LPG Railcar and Truck Rack oily water/stormwater drain system

• Crude Storage Tank water draws and secondary containment stormwater

The permit does not authorize the Permitee to treat sanitary wastewater from TLO 

at the Permittee’s wastewater treatment facility or the discharge of these wastewater 

streams into the Permittee’s outfall line.
Page 13 of 67

Permit No. WA0000761

The discharge from TLO to the Permittee’s wastewater treatment system is subject 

to the terms and conditions of State Waste Discharge Permit No. ST0045528.

S2. MONITORING REQUIREMENTS

A. Monitoring Schedule

The Permittee must monitor in accordance with the schedules specified for the final 

effluent and stormwater discharges in Permit Condition S1 and the requirements

specified in Appendix B.

B. Sampling and Analytical Procedures

Samples and measurements taken to meet the requirements of this permit must

represent the volume and nature of the monitored parameters, including 

representative sampling of any unusual discharge or discharge condition, including 

bypasses, upsets, and maintenance-related conditions affecting effluent quality.

After a portion of the daily sample is removed for the Permittee’s analysis, the 

remainder, 2-3 gallons (minimum) must be retained until 3:00 pm of the following

day. The composite sample must be kept refrigerated at or below 6 oC in the dark 

during collection and storage. On days when the discharge occurs over a period of 

time too short to collect sufficient sample for testing and retainage, hourly grab 

samples can be used to provide sufficient volume for testing and retainage.

Sampling and analytical methods used to meet the monitoring requirements 

specified in this permit must conform to the latest revision of the Guidelines 

Establishing Test Procedures for the Analysis of Pollutants contained in 40 CFR 

Part 136.

C. Flow Measurement, Field Measurement, and Continuous Monitoring Devices

The Permittee must:

1. Select and use appropriate flow measurement, field measurement, and 

continuous monitoring devices and methods consistent with accepted 

scientific practices.

2. Install, calibrate, and maintain these devices to ensure the accuracy of the 

measurements is consistent with the accepted industry standard and the 

manufacturer’s recommendation for that type of device.

3. Calibrate continuous monitoring instruments weekly unless it can be 

demonstrated a longer period is sufficient based on monitoring records. The 

Permittee must calibrate continuous pH measurement instruments using a grab 

sample analyzed in the lab with a pH meter calibrated with standard buffers 

and analyzed within 15 minutes of sampling.

4. If the Permittee uses micro-recording temperature devices known as 

thermistors it must calibrate the devices using protocols from Ecology’s 

Quality Assurance Project Plan Development Tool (Continuous Temperature 
Page 14 of 67

Permit No. WA0000761

Sampling Protocols for the Environmental Monitoring and Trends). This 

document is available online at:

http://www.ecy.wa.gov/programs/eap/qa/docs/QAPPtool/Mod6%20Ecology%

20SOPs/Protocols/ContinuousTemperatureSampling.pdf. Calibration as 

specified in this document is not required if the Permittee uses recording 

devices which are certified by the manufacturer.

5. Use field measurement devices as directed by the manufacturer and do not use 

reagents beyond their expiration dates.

6. Calibrate these devices at the frequency recommended by the manufacturer.

7. Calibrate flow monitoring devices at a minimum frequency of at least one 

calibration per year.

8. Maintain calibration records for at least three years.

D. Laboratory Accreditation

The Permittee must ensure that the laboratory it uses to perform analyses required 

by Ecology is registered or accredited under the provisions of chapter 173-50 

WAC, Accreditation of Environmental Laboratories. Flow, temperature, settleable 

solids, conductivity, pH, and internal process control parameters are exempt from 

this requirement. The Permittee must obtain accreditation for pH if it must receive 

accreditation or registration for other parameters. Crops and soils data are process 

control parameters which do not require preparation by an accredited laboratory. 

However, the Permittee must obtain this data from a reputable agricultural test lab 

that is an active participant in a nationally recognized agricultural laboratory 

proficiency testing program.

S3. REPORTING AND RECORDKEEPING REQUIREMENTS

The Permittee must monitor and report in accordance with the following conditions. 

Falsification of information submitted to Ecology is a violation of the terms and 

conditions of this permit.

A. Reporting

The first monitoring period begins on the effective date of the permit. The 

Permittee must:

1. Summarize, report, and submit monitoring data obtained during each 

monitoring period on the electronic Discharge Monitoring Report (DMR) 

form provided by Ecology within WQWebDMR. Include data for each of the 

parameters tabulated in Special Condition S2 and as required by the form. 

Report a value for each day sampling occurred (unless specifically exempted 

in the permit) and for the summary values (when applicable) included on the 

electronic form.

To find out more information and to sign up for WQWebDMR go to: 

http://www.ecy.wa.gov/programs/wq/permits/paris/webdmr.html
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Permit No. WA0000761

2. Enter the “no discharge” reporting code for an entire DMR, for a specific 

monitoring point, or for a specific parameter as appropriate, if the Permittee 

did not discharge wastewater or a specific pollutant during a given monitoring 

period.

3. Report single analytical values below detection as “less than the detection 

level (DL)” by entering < followed by the numeric value of the detection level 

(e.g. < 2.0) on the DMR. If the method used did not meet the minimum DL 

and quantitation level (QL) identified in the permit, report the actual QL and 

DL in the comments or in the location provided.

4. Report the test method used for analysis in the comments if the laboratory 

used an alternative method not specified in the permit and as allowed in 

Appendix B or S2.

5. Calculate average values (unless otherwise specified in the permit) using:

a. The reported numeric value for all parameters measured between the 

agency-required detection value and the agency-required quantitation 

value.

b. One-half the detection value (for values reported below detection) if the 

lab detected the parameter in another sample for the reporting period.

c. Zero (for values reported below detection) if the lab did not detect the 

parameter in another sample for the reporting period.

6. Report single-sample grouped parameters (for example priority pollutants, 

PAHs, pulp and paper chlorophenolics, TTOs) on the WQWebDMR form and 

include: sample date, concentration detected, detection limit (DL) (as 

necessary), and laboratory quantitation level (QL) (as necessary). The 

Permittee must also submit an electronic PDF copy of the laboratory report 

using WQWebDMR. 

The laboratory report must include the following information: date sampled, 

sample location, date of analysis, parameter name, CAS number, analytical 

method/number, detection limit (DL), laboratory quantitation level (QL), 

reporting units, and concentration detected. 

The contract laboratory reports must also include information on the chain of 

custody, QA/QC results, and documentation of accreditation for the 

parameter.

7. Ensure that DMRs are electronically submitted no later than the dates 

specified below, unless otherwise specified in this permit.

8. Submit DMRs for parameters with the monitoring frequencies specified in S2 

(monthly, quarterly, annual, etc.) at the reporting schedule identified below. 

The Permittee must:

a. Submit monthly DMRs by the 15th day of the following month.
Page 16 of 67

Permit No. WA0000761

b. Submit semi-annual DMRs, unless otherwise specified in the permit, by 

July 15 and January 15 of each year. Semiannyal sampling periods are 

January through June, and July through December.

c. Submit annual DMRs, unless otherwise specified by the permit, by 

January 15 for the previous calendar year. The annual sampling period is 

the calendar year.

9. The Permittee must use the Water Quality Permitting Portal – Permit 

Submittals application to submit all other written permit-required letter, plans,

and reports by the date specified in the permit.

When another permit condition requires submittal of a paper plan or report,

the Permittee must ensure that is postmarked or received by Ecology no later 

than the date specified by the permit. Send these paper plans or reports to 

Ecology at:

Department of Ecology

Industrial Section

PO Box 47600

Olympia, WA 98504-7600

B. Records Retention

The Permittee must retain records of all monitoring information for a minimum of 

three (3) years. Such information must include all calibration and maintenance 

records and all original recordings for continuous monitoring instrumentation, 

copies of all reports required by this permit, and records of all data used to complete 

the application for this permit. The Permittee must extend this period of retention 

during the course of any unresolved litigation regarding the discharge of pollutants 

by the Permittee or when requested by Ecology. 

C. Recording of Results

For each measurement or sample taken, the Permittee must record the following 

information:

1. The date, exact place, method, and time of sampling or measurement

2. The individual who performed the sampling or measurement

3. The dates the analyses were performed 

4. The individual who performed the analyses 

5. The analytical techniques or methods used

6. The results of all analyses 
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Permit No. WA0000761

D. Additional Monitoring by the Permittee

If the Permittee monitors any pollutant more frequently than required by Special 

Condition S2 of this permit, then the Permittee must include the results of such 

monitoring in the calculation and reporting of the data submitted in the Permittee's 

DMR unless otherwise specified by Special Condition S2.

E. Reporting Permit Violations

The Permittee must take the following actions when it violates or is unable to 

comply with any permit condition:

1. Immediately take action to stop, contain, and cleanup unauthorized discharges 

or otherwise stop the noncompliance and correct the problem.

2. If applicable, immediately repeat sampling and analysis. Submit the results of 

any repeat sampling to Ecology within thirty (30) days of sampling.

a. Immediate reporting

The Permittee must immediately report to Ecology and the Department of 

Health, Shellfish Program (at the numbers listed below), all:

• Failures of the disinfection system.

• Collection system overflows discharging to marine surface waters.

• Plant bypasses discharging to marine surface waters.

Northwest Regional Office 425-649-7000

Department of Health, 

Shellfish Program

360-236-3330 (business hours)

360-789-8962 (after business hours)

The Permittee must also notify the Ecology Industrial Section permit manager 

by telephone for any of the above situations. Outside of normal working hours,

a voice mail notification to the Industrial Section permit manager or their 

designated backup will meet this requirement.

b. Twenty-four-hour reporting

The Permittee must report the following occurrences of noncompliance by 

telephone, to Ecology at the telephone numbers listed above, within 24 hours 

from the time the Permittee becomes aware of any of the following 

circumstances:

1. Any noncompliance that may endanger health or the environment, 

unless previously reported under immediate reporting requirements.

2. Any unanticipated bypass that causes an exceedance of any effluent 

limit in the permit (See Part S4.B., “Bypass Procedures”).

3. Any upset that causes an exceedance of an effluent limit in the permit 

(See G.15, “Upset”).
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Permit No. WA0000761

4. Any violation of a maximum daily or instantaneous maximum 

discharge limit for any of the pollutants in Section S1.A of this 

permit.

5. Any overflow prior to the treatment works, whether or not such 

overflow endangers health or the environment or exceeds any effluent 

limit in the permit. 

c. Report within five days

The Permittee must also submit a written report within five days of the time 

that the Permittee becomes aware of any reportable event under subparts a or 

b, above. The report must contain:

1. A description of the noncompliance and its cause.

2. The period of noncompliance, including exact dates and times.

3. The estimated time the Permittee expects the noncompliance to 

continue if not yet corrected.

4. Steps taken or planned to reduce, eliminate, and prevent recurrence of 

the noncompliance.

5. If the noncompliance involves an overflow prior to the treatment 

works, an estimate of the quantity (in gallons) of untreated overflow.

d. Waiver of written reports

Ecology may waive the written report required in subpart c, above, on a 

case-by-case basis upon request if the Permittee has submitted a timely oral 

report.

e. All other permit violation reporting

The Permittee must report all permit violations, which do not require 

immediate or within 24 hours reporting, when it submits monitoring reports for 

S3.A ("Reporting"). The reports must contain the information listed in subpart 

c, above. Compliance with these requirements does not relieve the Permittee 

from responsibility to maintain continuous compliance with the terms and 

conditions of this permit or the resulting liability for failure to comply.

f. Report Submittal

The Permittee must submit reports to the address listed in Condition S3.

F. Other Reporting

1. Spills of Oil or Hazardous Materials

The Permittee must report a spill of oil or hazardous materials in accordance 

with the requirements of RCW 90.56.280 and chapter 173-303-145. You can 

obtain further instructions at the following website: 

http://www.ecy.wa.gov/programs/spills/other/reportaspill.htm.

2. Failure to submit relevant or correct facts
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Permit No. WA0000761

Where the Permittee becomes aware that it failed to submit any relevant facts 

in a permit application, or submitted incorrect information in a permit 

application, or in any report to Ecology, it must submit such facts or 

information promptly.

3. Submitting a new application

The Permittee must submit a new application or supplement at least one 

hundred eighty (180) days prior to commencement of discharges, resulting 

from the activities listed in the following, which may result in permit 

violations. These activities include: any facility expansions, production 

increases, or other planned changes, such as process modifications, in the 

permitted facility.

4. Process modifications

The permitee must, as soon as possible, but no later than thirty (30) days prior 

to the proposed changes, give notice to ecology of a process modification 

which will result in the installation of process units or new equipment in 

existing process units that could cause material change in the quantity or 

composition of the influent processed by the waste water treatment system.

G. Maintaining a Copy of this Permit

The Permittee must keep a copy of this permit at the facility and make it available 

upon request to Ecology inspectors.

S4. OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE

The Permittee must, at all times, properly operate and maintain all industrial wastewater 

and stormwater facilities or systems of treatment and control (and related 

appurtenances) which are installed to achieve compliance with the terms and conditions 

of this permit. Proper operation and maintenance includes adequate laboratory controls 

and appropriate quality assurance procedures. This provision requires the operation of 

back-up or auxiliary facilities or similar systems, which are installed by a Permittee 

when the operation is necessary to achieve compliance with the conditions of this 

permit.

A. Operations and Maintenance Manual

The Permittee must:

1. Maintain and follow the Operations and Maintenance (O&M) Manual for the 

wastewater treatment plant.

2. Review and update the O&M Manual when changes occur at the refinery that 

significantly affect the volume or character of the wastewater processed by the 

wastewater treatment plant. 

3. Confirm this review by letter to Ecology.

4. Keep the approved O&M Manual at the permitted facility.
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Permit No. WA0000761

In addition to the requirements of WAC 173-240-150, the O&M manual must 

include:

1. Emergency procedures for plant shutdown and cleanup in event of wastewater 

system upset or failure.

2. Procedures to maintain treatment efficiency during scheduled maintenance 

operations at the wastewater treatment plant.

For the purposes of this NPDES permit, a Treatment System Operating Plan 

(TSOP) is a concise summary of specifically defined elements of the O&M 

Manual. The TSOP must not conflict with the O&M Manual and must include the 

following information:

1. A baseline operating condition, which describes the operating parameters and 

procedures, used to meet the effluent limits in Condition S1 at the production 

levels used in developing these limits.

2. The plan must describe the operating procedures and conditions needed to 

maintain treatment efficiency at less than design loading conditions.

3. In the event of an upset, due to plant maintenance activities, severe 

stormwater events, start ups or shut downs, or other causes, the plan must 

describe the operating procedures and conditions employed to mitigate the 

upset.

4. A description of any regularly scheduled maintenance or repair activities at 

the facility which would significantly affect the volume or character of the 

wastes discharged to the wastewater treatment system and a plan for 

treating/controlling the discharge of maintenance-related materials (such as 

cleaners, degreasers, solvents, etc.).

The Permittee must submit an updated Treatment System Operating Plan to 

Ecology with the permit renewal application. This plan must be updated and 

submitted to Ecology, as necessary during the permit term, to include requirements 

for any major modifications to the wastewater treatment system.

B. Bypass Procedures

This permit prohibits a bypass which is the intentional diversion of waste streams 

from any portion of a treatment facility. Ecology may take enforcement action 

against a Permittee for a bypass unless one of the following circumstances (1, 2, or 

3) applies.

1. Bypass for Essential Maintenance without the Potential to Cause Violation of 

Permit Limits or Conditions.

Bypass is authorized if it is for essential maintenance and does not have the 

potential to cause violations of limitations or other conditions of this permit, or 

adversely impact public health as determined by Ecology prior to the bypass. 
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Permit No. WA0000761

The Permittee must submit prior notice, if possible, at least ten (10) days 

before the date of the bypass. Notice is not required where redundant 

equipment is available to perform the functions of equipment scheduled for 

bypass during maintenance.

2. Bypass Which is Unavoidable, Unanticipated, and Results in Noncompliance 

of this Permit.

This bypass is permitted only if:

a. Bypass is unavoidable to prevent loss of life, personal injury, or severe

property damage. “Severe property damage” means substantial physical 

damage to property, damage to the treatment facilities which would cause 

them to become inoperable, or substantial and permanent loss of natural 

resources which can reasonably be expected to occur in the absence of a 

bypass.

b. No feasible alternatives to the bypass exist, such as:

• The use of auxiliary treatment facilities.

• Retention of untreated wastes.

• Stopping production.

• Maintenance during normal periods of equipment downtime, but not if the 

Permittee should have installed adequate backup equipment in the 

exercise of reasonable engineering judgment to prevent a bypass.

• Transport of untreated wastes to another treatment facility or preventative 

maintenance), or transport of untreated wastes to another treatment 

facility.

c. Ecology is properly notified of the bypass as required in condition S3E of

this permit.

3. If bypass is anticipated and has the potential to result in noncompliance of this 

permit.

a. The Permittee must notify Ecology at least thirty (30) days before the 

planned date of bypass. The notice must contain:

• A description of the bypass and its cause. 

• An analysis of all known alternatives which would eliminate, reduce, or 

mitigate the need for bypassing.

• A cost-effectiveness analysis of alternatives including comparative 

resource damage assessment.

• The minimum and maximum duration of bypass under each alternative.

• A recommendation as to the preferred alternative for conducting the 

bypass.

• The projected date of bypass initiation.
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Permit No. WA0000761

• A statement of compliance with SEPA.

• A request for modification of water quality standards as provided for in 

WAC 173-201A-410, if an exceedance of any water quality standard is 

anticipated.

• Details of the steps taken or planned to reduce, eliminate, and prevent 

reoccurrence of the bypass.

b. For probable construction bypasses, the Permittee must notify Ecology of 

the need to bypass as early in the planning process as possible. The 

Permittee must consider the analysis required above during preparation of 

the engineering report or facilities plan and plans and specifications and 

must include these to the extent practical. In cases where the Permittee 

determines the probable need to bypass early, the Permittee must continue to 

analyze conditions up to and including the construction period in an effort to 

minimize or eliminate the bypass.

c. Ecology will consider the following prior to issuing an administrative order 

for this type of bypass:

• If the bypass is necessary to perform construction or maintenance-related 

activities essential to meet the requirements of this permit.

• If feasible alternatives to bypass exist, such as the use of auxiliary 

treatment facilities, retention of untreated wastes, stopping production, 

maintenance during normal periods of equipment down time, or transport 

of untreated wastes to another treatment facility.

• If the Permittee planned and scheduled the bypass to minimize adverse 

effects on the public and the environment.

After consideration of the above and the adverse effects of the proposed bypass and 

any other relevant factors, Ecology will approve or deny the request. Ecology will 

give the public an opportunity to comment on bypass incidents of significant 

duration, to the extent feasible. Ecology will approve a request to bypass by issuing 

an administrative order under RCW 90.48.120.

C. Duty to Mitigate

The Permittee is required to take all reasonable steps to minimize or prevent any 

discharge or sludge use or disposal in violation of this permit that has a reasonable 

likelihood of adversely affecting human health or the environment.

S5. FACILITY LOADING 

A. Design Criteria

The flows or waste loads for the permitted facility must not exceed the following design 

criteria:
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Permit No. WA0000761

Process Wastewater treatment plant capacity (prior to commingling with nonprocess area stormwater)

Average monthly flow for the maximum 

month1

4.3 MGD

Average monthly COD for the maximum 

month2

1700 mg/l

1

as measured at the secondary clarifier

2

as measured at the primary clarifier

B. Plans for Maintaining Adequate Capacity

The Permittee must submit to Ecology a plan and a schedule for continuing to

maintain capacity when:

1. The actual flow or waste load reaches 85 percent of any one of the design criteria

in S5.A for three consecutive months; or

2. The projected increase would reach design capacity within five years,

whichever occurs first.

If such a plan is required, it must contain provisions and a schedule for continuing to 

maintain capacity. The capacity as outlined in this plan must be sufficient to achieve 

the effluent limitations and other conditions of this permit. The plan must address the 

following actions and any others necessary to meet the objective of maintaining 

capacity.

1. Analysis of the present design including the introduction of any process

modifications that would affect the ability of the existing facility to achieve 

effluent limits and other requirements of this permit at levels in excess of

the existing design criteria specified in paragraph A, above.

2. Reduction or elimination of excessive infiltration and inflow into the sewer 

system.

3. Limitation on future additional waste loads.

4. Modification or expansion of facilities necessary to accommodate increased flow 

or waste load.

Engineering documents associated with the plan must meet the requirements of WAC 

173-240-060, "Engineering Report," and be approved by Ecology prior to any 

construction.
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Permit No. WA0000761

S6. NON-ROUTINE AND UNANTICIPATED DISCHARGES

A. Beginning on the effective date of this permit, the Permittee may discharge nonroutine wastewater or clean water such as storage tank hydro test water or fire 

system test water from outfalls 001, 002, 003, or 004 on a case-by-case basis if 

approved by Ecology. Prior to any such discharge, the Permittee must contact 

Ecology and at a minimum provide the following information:

1. The proposed discharge location.

2. The nature of the activity that will generate the discharge.

3. Any alternatives to the discharge, such as reuse, storage, or recycling of the 

water.

4. The total volume of water it expects to discharge.

5. The results of the chemical analysis of the water. The Permittee must analyze 

the water for all constituents normally monitored for the discharge. The 

analysis must also include hardness, any metals that are limited by water quality 

standards, and any other parameter deemed necessary by Ecology. All 

discharges must comply with the effluent limits as established in Condition S1. 

of this permit, water quality standards, and any other limits imposed by 

Ecology.

6. The date of proposed discharge.

7. The expected rate of discharge discharged, in gallons per minute. The 

Permittee must limit the discharge rate so it will not cause erosion of ditches or 

structural damage to culverts and their entrances or exits.

B. The discharge cannot proceed until Ecology has reviewed the information provided 

and has authorized the discharge by email/letter to the Permittee or by an 

Administrative Order.

S7. ACUTE TOXICITY

A. Effluent Limit for Acute Toxicity

The effluent limit for acute toxicity is:

No acute toxicity detected in a test concentration representing the acute critical 

effluent concentration (ACEC). 

The ACEC means the maximum concentration of effluent during critical conditions 

at the boundary of the acute mixing zone, defined in Section S1.G of this permit. 

The ACEC equals 5% effluent.
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Permit No. WA0000761

B. Compliance With the Effluent Limit for Acute Toxicity

Compliance with the effluent limit for acute toxicity means the results of the testing 

specified in subsection C. show no statistically significant difference in survival 

between the control and the ACEC.

If the test results show a statistically significant difference in survival between the 

control and the ACEC, the test does not comply with the effluent limit for acute 

toxicity. The Permittee must then immediately conduct the additional testing 

described in subsection D. The Permittee will comply with the requirements of this 

section by meeting the requirements of subsection D.

The Permittee must determine the statistical significance by conducting a 

hypothesis test at the 0.05 level of significance (Appendix H, EPA/600/4-89/001).

If the difference in survival between the control and the ACEC is less than 10%, the 

Permittee must conduct the hypothesis test at the 0.01 level of significance.

C. Compliance Testing for Acute Toxicity

The Permittee must:

1. Begin quarterly compliance testing by _____________(within 90 days of permit 

effective date. Perform the acute toxicity tests with 100% effluent, the ACEC, 

and a control, or with a full dilution series using each of the species and 

protocols listed below on a rotating basis. (Quarters: January-March, AprilJune, July-September, October-December)

2. Submit a written report of all test results to Ecology through the Water Quality 

Permitting Portal – Permit Submittals application within sixty (60) days after 

each sample date.

Acute Toxicity Tests Species Method

Topsmelt 96-hour static-renewal test Atherinops affinis EPA-821-R-02-012

Mysid 48-hour static test Americamysis bahia EPA-821-R-02-012

D. Response to Noncompliance with the Effluent Limit for Acute Toxicity 

If a toxicity test conducted under subsection C. determines a statistically 

significant difference in response between the ACEC and the control, using the 

statistical test described in subsection B., the Permittee must begin additional 

testing within one week from the time of receiving the test results. The Permittee

must:

1. Conduct one additional test each week for four consecutive weeks, using the 

same test and species as the failed compliance test.
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Permit No. WA0000761

2. Test at least five effluent concentrations and a control to determine appropriate

 point estimates. One of these effluent concentrations must equal the ACEC. 

 The results of the test at the ACEC will determine compliance with the effluent 

 limit for acute toxicity as described in Subsection B.

3. Return to the original monitoring frequency in Subsection C. after completion

 of the additional compliance monitoring.

Anomalous test results: If a toxicity test conducted under subsection C. indicates 

noncompliance with the acute toxicity limit and the Permittee believes that the test 

result is anomalous, the Permittee may notify Ecology that they believe the 

compliance test result is anomalous. The Permittee should conduct one additional 

test then wait for notification from Ecology before completing the additional testing 

required above. The Permittee must submit the notification with the report of the 

compliance test result and identify the reason for considering the compliance test 

result to be anomalous.

If Ecology determines that the test result was not anomalous, the Permittee must 

complete all of the additional monitoring required in this subsection. Or,

If the one additional test fails to comply with the effluent limit for acute toxicity, 

then the Permittee must complete all of the additional monitoring required in this 

subsection. Or,

If Ecology determines that the test result was anomalous, the one additional test 

result will replace the anomalous test result.

If all of the additional testing complies with the permit limit, the Permittee must 

submit a report to Ecology on possible causes and preventive measures for the 

transient toxicity event, which triggered the additional compliance monitoring. 

This report must be based upon a review of all pertinent and recent facility records, 

including:

1. Operating records

2. Monitoring results

3. Inspection records

4. Spill reports

5. Weather records

6. Production records

7. Raw material purchases

8. Pretreatment records, etc.

If any toxicity test conducted under subsection D.1. shows a statistically significant

difference in response between the ACEC and the control, using the statistical test

described in subsection B., then the test result is a violation of the permit. The

Permittee must submit a Toxicity Identification/Reduction Evaluation (TI/RE) plan

to Ecology within 60 days after the sample date [WAC 173-205-100(2)].
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Permit No. WA0000761

E. Sampling and Reporting Requirements

1. The Permittee must submit all reports for toxicity testing in accordance with the 

most recent version of Department of Ecology Publication # WQ-R-95-80, 

Laboratory Guidance and Whole Effluent Toxicity Test Review Criteria. 

Reports must contain bench sheets and reference toxicant results for test 

methods. In addition, the Permittee must submit toxicity test data in electronic 

format (CETIS export file preferred) for entry into Ecology’s database.

2. The Permittee must collect 24-hour composite effluent samples or grab samples 

for toxicity testing. The Permittee must cool the samples to 0 - 6 degrees 

Celsius during collection and send them to the lab immediately upon 

completion. The lab must begin the toxicity testing as soon as possible but no 

later than 36 hours after sampling was completed.

3. The laboratory must conduct water quality measurements on all samples and 

test solutions for toxicity testing, as specified in the most recent version of 

Department of Ecology Publication # WQ-R-95-80, Laboratory Guidance and 

Whole Effluent Toxicity Test Review Criteria.

4. All toxicity tests must meet quality assurance criteria and test conditions 

specified in the most recent versions of the EPA methods listed in subsection C. 

and Ecology of Ecology Publication # WQ-R-95-80, Laboratory Guidance and 

Whole Effluent Toxicity Test Review Criteria. If Ecology determines any test 

results to be invalid or anomalous, the Permittee must repeat the testing with 

freshly collected effluent.

5. The laboratory must use control water and dilution water meeting the 

requirements of the EPA methods listed in subsection C. or pristine natural 

water of sufficient quality for good control performance.

6. The Permittee must conduct whole effluent toxicity tests on an unmodified 

sample of final effluent.

7. The Permittee may choose to conduct a full dilution series test during 

compliance testing in order to determine dose response. In this case, the series 

must have a minimum of five effluent concentrations and a control. The series 

of concentrations must include the acute critical effluent concentration (ACEC). 

The ACEC equals 5 % effluent.

8. All whole effluent toxicity tests, effluent screening tests, and rapid screening 

tests that involve hypothesis testing must comply with the acute statistical 

power standard of 29% as defined in WAC 173-205-020. If the test does not 

meet the power standard, the Permittee must repeat the test on a fresh sample 

with an increased number of replicates to increase the power.
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Permit No. WA0000761

9. Reports of individual characterization or compliance test results must be 

submitted to Ecology within 60 days after completion of the test.

S8. CHRONIC TOXICITY 

A. Testing when there is No Permit Limit for Chronic Toxicity

The Permittee must:

1. Conduct chronic toxicity testing on final effluent once in the last summer 

and once in the last winter prior to submission of the permit renewal 

application.

2. Submit the results to Ecology through the Water Quality Permitting Portal –

Permit Submittals application by __________(with the permit renewal 

application).

3. Conduct chronic toxicity testing on a series of at least five concentrations of 

effluent and a control. This series of dilutions must include the acute critical 

effluent concentration (ACEC). The ACEC equals 5% effluent.

4. Compare the ACEC to the control using hypothesis testing at the 0.05 level 

of significance as described in Appendix H, EPA/600/4-89/001.

5. Perform chronic toxicity tests with all of the following species and the most 

recent version of the following protocols:

Saltwater Chronic Test Species Method

Topsmelt 7-day survival and 

growth

Atherinops affinis EPA/600/R-95/136

Echinoderm embryo-larval 

development test

Strongylocentrotus 

Purpuratus or 

Dendraster 

excentricus

EPA/600/R-95/136

The laboratory must conduct the sea urchin and sand dollar (echinoderm) test in 

accordance with EPA/600/R-95/136 and the echinoderm development test 

conditions in the most recent version of Ecology Publication No. WQ-R-95-80, 

Laboratory Guidance and Whole Effluent Toxicity Test Review Criteria. The 

laboratory must use whichever one of the two species that will give a valid result in 

each particular test.
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Permit No. WA0000761

B. Sampling and Reporting Requirements

1. The Permittee must submit all reports for toxicity testing in accordance with the 

most recent version of Ecology Publication # WQ-R-95-80, Laboratory 

Guidance and Whole Effluent Toxicity Test Review Criteria. Reports must 

contain bench sheets and reference toxicant results for test methods. In 

addition, the Permittee must submit toxicity test data in electronic format 

(CETIS export file preferred) for entry into Ecology’s database.

2. The Permittee must collect 24-hour composite effluent samples or grab samples 

for toxicity testing. The Permittee must cool the samples to 0 - 6 degrees 

Celsius during collection and send them to the lab immediately upon 

completion. The lab must begin the toxicity testing as soon as possible but no 

later than 36 hours after sampling was completed.

3. The laboratory must conduct water quality measurements on all samples and 

test solutions for toxicity testing, as specified in the most recent version of 

Ecology Publication # WQ-R-95-80, Laboratory Guidance and Whole Effluent 

Toxicity Test Review Criteria.

4. All toxicity tests must meet quality assurance criteria and test conditions 

specified in the most recent versions of the EPA methods listed in subsection A. 

and Ecology Publication # WQ-R-95-80, Laboratory Guidance and Whole 

Effluent Toxicity Test Review Criteria. If Ecology determines any test results 

to be invalid or anomalous, the Permittee must repeat the testing with freshly 

collected effluent.

5. The laboratory must use control water and dilution water meeting the 

requirements of the EPA methods listed in subsection A. or pristine natural 

water of sufficient quality for good control performance.

6. The Permittee must conduct whole effluent toxicity tests on an unmodified 

sample of final effluent.

7. The Permittee may choose to conduct a full dilution series test during 

characterization in order to determine dose response. In this case, the series 

must have a minimum of five effluent concentrations and a control. The series 

of concentrations must include the Chronic Critical Effluent Concentration 

(CCEC) and the ACEC. The CCEC and the ACEC may either substitute for the 

effluent concentrations that are closest to them in the dilution series or be extra 

effluent concentrations. The CCEC means the maximum concentration of 

effluent during critical conditions at the boundary of the mixing zone, defined in 

Section S1.F. of this permit. The CCEC equals 1.1% effluent. The ACEC 

equals 5% effluent.
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Permit No. WA0000761

8. All whole effluent toxicity tests that involve hypothesis testing must comply 

with the chronic statistical power standard of 39% as defined in WAC 173-205-

020. If the test does not meet the power standard, the Permittee must repeat the 

test on a fresh sample with an increased number of replicates to increase the 

power.

9. Reports of individual characterization or compliance test results must be 

submitted to Ecology within 60 days after completion of the test.

S9. WASTEWATER TREATMENT EFFICIENCY STUDY AND UPDATED 

ENGINEERING REPORT

Ecology will require a wastewater treatment efficiency study if the Permittee proposes 

material and substantial alterations to the refinery that could cause a material change in 

the quantity or composition of the influent processed by the wastewater treatment 

system. In the event that Ecology requires a treatment efficiency study, the Permittee 

must prepare and submit a study plan for Ecology’s review and approval. The 

Permittee must submit the plan within 90 days of startup of the material and substantial 

alterations to the refinery.

In addition, the Permittee must update the engineering report for the wastewater 

treatment system to reflect the information from the new treatment efficiency study and 

compare the new conditions to predicted design capacities. The Permittee must submit 

the update to Ecology for review and approval within 180 days after completion of the 

treatment efficiency study.

S10. SEDIMENT MONITORING

The Permittee must submit a Sediment Sampling and Analysis Plan to recharacterize 

sediment toxicity in the vicinity of Outfall 001 to Ecology for review and approval. 

The Permittee must prepare the Sediment Sampling and Analysis Plan following the 

guidance provided in the Sediment Source Control Standards User Manual, Appendix 

B: Sediment Sampling and Analysis Plan (Ecology, 2008) and current Puget Sound 

Estuary Program Protocols.

A. The Permittee must submit the Sediment Sampling and Analysis Plan (SAP) to 

Ecology for review and approval through the Water Quality Permitting Portal –

Permit Submittals application by ___________(within one year of the permit 

effective date). The Permittee must also submit two paper copies of the plan as 

required by Permit Condition S3.A.

B. The Permittee must perform sediment sampling during the first stable period (midAugust through mid-September) following Ecology’s approval of the plan.

C. The Permittee must submit a Sediment Data Report containing the results of the 

sediment sampling and analysis no later than 180 days after completion of sampling

but no later than _________(with the permit renewal application). The Sediment 
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Permit No. WA0000761

Data Report must also include electronic copies of the sediment chemical and/or

biological data formatted according to Ecology’s Environmental Information 

Management (EIM) System templates.

S11. POLLUTION PREVENTION

Pollution prevention planning and activities at the facility include the:

• New pollution prevention projects identified for the upcoming permit cycle in 

the plan update.

• Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs), Best Management Practices (BMPs), 

and work practices developed and updated from previous permit pollution plans, 

stormwater pollution prevention plans (SWPPPs), solid waste control plans, and 

spill plans.

The Permittee must continue to ensure proper operation and maintenance of the refinery 

process units and wastewater treatment system by following existing SOPs, BMPs, and

work practices. The Permittee must continue or maintain these procedures and other 

measures and/or facilities currently employed at the refinery to prevent or minimize the 

potential for release of pollutants to the wastewater treatment system, stormwater, 

and/or waters of the state unless modified by the pollution prevention plan update 

required below.

Stormwater

Stormwater BMPs must:

• Provide all known, available, and reasonable methods of prevention, 

control, and treatment (AKART) of stormwater pollution.

• Ensure the discharge does not cause or contribute to a violation of the 

Water Quality Standards.

• Comply with applicable federal technology-based treatment requirements 

under 40 CFR 125.3.

• Be consistent with the Stormwater Management Manual for Western 

Washington (2012 edition) or provide an equivalent level of pollution 

prevention approved by Ecology.

Solid Waste

The Permittee must handle and dispose of all solid waste material in such a manner as 

to prevent its entry into state ground or surface water. The Permittee must not allow 

leachate from its solid waste material to enter state waters without providing all known, 

available and reasonable methods of treatment, nor allow such leachate to cause 

violations of the State Surface Water Quality Standards, Chapter 173-201A WAC, or 
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Permit No. WA0000761

the State Ground Water Quality Standards, Chapter 173-200 WAC. The Permittee must

apply for a permit or permit modification as may be required for such discharges to 

state ground or surface waters.

Storage Tank Wastewater

The Permittee must remove wastewater from oil, product, and intermediate distillate 

storage tanks in a manner and with facilities as required to prevent the wastewater from 

draining or spilling onto the ground.

A. Pollution Prevention Plan Update and Implementation

The Permittee must update its Pollution Prevention Plan and submit it to Ecology

for review and approval by ___________(within 180 days of the permit effective 

date). The Permittee must implement the approved pollution prevention plan 

update and any approved modifications to the plan and abide by the timeframes 

identified throughout the term of the permit.

The objective of this update is to identify any new sources of pollutants, to 

reevaluate previously identified pollution prevention opportunities and to identify 

any new opportunities and implement those that are technically and economically 

achievable. Previously identified opportunities include those identified by the 

facility in their current Pollution Prevention plan and those identified in Ecology

Publication 02-07-017 (Water Pollution Prevention Opportunities in Petroleum 

Refineries). The update must also include an evaluation of the existing SOPs, 

BMPs, and work practices developed under previous pollution prevention 

planning/activities.

Specifically, the Permittee should evaluate the following pollution prevention 

opportunities: 1) lining the wastewater and stormwater treatment ponds, 2) 

increasing the removal efficiency of TSS in the wastewater and stormwater 

treatment trains, and 3) evaluating the potential to remove mercury, copper, and 

dioxin from the process wastewater.

B. Specific Plan Update Requirements

The Permittee must update the following plan elements as necessary to address 

changes: the policy statement and signature, employee involvement, training and 

awareness, descriptions of current pollution prevention activities, and the 

description of potential pollutants and sources. Appendix C includes references to 

guidance documents, specific items to be included in the plan, and procedures for 

identifying, evaluating and prioritizing pollution prevention opportunities. Other 

information available to the Permittee may also be used in preparing the plan.

The updated plan must include a schedule for implementation of each newly 

selected opportunity. If a detailed analysis of technical and economical feasibility 

for any pollution prevention opportunity will extend beyond the deadline for 

submitting the updated plan, the Permittee must include a schedule for completing 
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Permit No. WA0000761

the analysis in the plan submittal. The timeframe for implementing any 

opportunities scheduled for further evaluation and then selected must be provided 

in the biennial report.

The Permittee must modify the plan if the Permittee or Ecology determine during 

inspections or investigations, that existing BMPs are, or would be, ineffective in 

eliminating or significantly minimizing pollutants in stormwater discharges from 

the site. The Permittee must modify the plan as necessary to include additional or 

modified BMPs designed to correct problems identified.

The Permitee must modify the plan whenever there is a change in design, 

construction, operation, or maintenance at the facility that significantly changes the 

nature of pollutants in wastewater or stormwater from the facility, significantly 

increases the quantity of pollutants discharged, or causes the pollution prevention 

plan and existing SOPs, BMPs, or work practices to be less effective in controlling 

pollutants. The Permittee must provide for implementation of any modifications to 

the pollution prevention plan in a timely manner.

C. Stormwater Inspections

The Permittee must conduct two stormwater inspections per year; one during 

the wet season (October 1 - April 30) and the other during the dry season 

(May 1 - September 30).

The Permittee must conduct the wet season inspection during a rainfall event and 

must include observations of the presence of any floating materials, suspended 

solids, oil and grease, discolorations, turbidity, odor, etc. in stormwater runoff 

throughout the refinery that could contribute to a discharge off-site.

The dry season inspection must determine the presence of unpermitted nonstormwater discharges such as sanitary wastewater, non-contact cooling water, 

process wastewater, and drainage from raw material/product/waste storage to the 

stormwater drainage system. If an unpermitted, non-stormwater discharge is 

discovered, the Permittee must immediately notify Ecology.

Inspections must be conducted by personnel who are knowledgeable and trained in 

the application of BMPs and pollution prevention activities at the refinery. Results 

from the stormwater visual inspections must be reported in the pollution prevention 

plan biennial update reports.

D. Biennial Reporting

The Permittee must periodically evaluate and modify, as necessary, the pollution 

prevention plan and existing SOPs, BMPs, and work practices to ensure that it has 

been updated or otherwise modified to reflect current conditions, that measures to 

reduce or eliminate pollutant loadings selected in the plan are adequate and are 

being properly implemented in accordance with the terms of the permit, and 

whether any additional controls are needed.
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Permit No. WA0000761

The Permittee must submit a biennial progress report by September 1st (within 2 

years after submittal of the updated Pollution Prevention Plan required in Condition 

S12.A.) and every two years thereafter. The report must identify the 

implementation status of each pollution prevention opportunity selected, the 

benefits or other results of implementation actions completed, and any 

modifications or updates to the plan. The report must also include a summary of 

the results of stormwater inspections.

E. Continuous Improvement

In maintaining, implementing, and updating the pollution prevention plan, the 

Permittee should employ continuous improvement principles, including the 

systematic and ongoing identification, evaluation, and implementation of pollution 

prevention opportunities in all decisions having environmental consequences.

S12. DIOXIN STUDY

A. Wastewater Sampling

The Permittee must:

1. Sample the final effluent (Outfall 001) and the upstream wastewater stream 

from the catalytic reformer unit for chlorinated dioxin and furan (2,3,7,8-Cl 

substituted tetra- through octa- congeners) concentrations twice during the 

permit cycle.

2. Collect a grab sample of the caustic wash from the reformer unit during two

different catalyst regeneration events.

3. Conduct the analysis including sample containers and QA/QC in accordance 

with Method 1613: Tetra- through Octa- Chlorinated Dioxins and Furans by 

Isotopic Dilution HRGC/HRMS, USEPA Office of Water, Engineering and 

Analysis Division, Revision A. The Minimum Level (ML) of detection for 

2,3,7,8- TCDD/TCDF must be 10 parts per quadrillion or less.

4. Report the lowest detected concentrations of all 2,3,7,8-Cl substituted dioxins 

and furans that meet the quality assurance specifications of Method 1613, 

including all detected concentrations below the calibration limits of Method 

1613.

B. Dioxin Study Report

The Permittee must submit to Ecology a Dioxin Study Report including the results 

of the sampling and analysis by ___________(with the permit renewal application).

The wastewater data report to Ecology must include: date sampled, total flow for 

each wash, and the concentration of the 2,3,7,8-Cl substituted tetra- through octadioxin and furan congeners from each caustic wash. The Permittee must require 
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Permit No. WA0000761

the laboratory to report and maintain on file for each sample set: the analytical 

holding times, summary of internal precision and recovery, calibration data, 

analysis sequence (run logs), daily checks (ongoing precision and accuracy 

standards, blanks, instrument checks), QA/QC data (duplicates, matrix 

spikes/labeled analog spikes), and raw data (chromatograms).

S13. DANGEROUS WASTES – PERMIT BY RULE REQUIREMENTS

The Permittee is authorized to treat dangerous wastes, generated on or off-site, at the 

wastewater treatment facility under the permit by rule provisions of Chapter WAC 173-

303-802(5). This authorization is limited to the onsite and off-site wastestreams 

identified on the permit application and application amendments as approved by 

Ecology. The Permittee must maintain records of the off-site wastestreams treated at 

the wastewater facility. The origin, volume, known waste constituents, any analytical 

data, and date of addition, must be recorded. This information must be available to an 

authorized representative of Ecology per General Condition G2. A summary of the offsite dangerous wastes accepted and treated by the Permittee must be submitted with 

permit renewal application.

S14. OUTFALL EVALUATION

The Permittee must inspect, the submerged portion of the outfall line and diffuser to 

document its integrity and continued function, once per permit cycle but no later than 

__________(270 days prior to permit expiration). If conditions allow for a 

photographic verification, it must be included in the report. The Permittee must submit 

the inspection report to Ecology within 90 days of conducting the evaluation but no 

later than _________(with the permit renewal application). The Permittee must submit 

hard copies of any video files to Ecology as required by Permit Condition S3A. The 

Portal does not support submittal of video files.

The inspector must at minimum:

• Assess the physical condition of the outfall pipe, diffuser, and associated couplings.

• Determine the extent of sediment accumulation in the vicinity of the diffuser.

• Ensure diffuser ports are free of obstructions and are allowing uniform flow.

• Confirm the physical location (latitude/longitude) and depth (at MLLW) of the 

diffuser section of the outfall.

• Assess physical condition fo the submarine line, including side sewer laterals up to 

the ordinary high water line.

• Assess the physical condition of the anchors used to secure the submarine line.

S15. APPLICATION FOR PERMIT RENEWAL

The Permittee must submit an application for renewal of this permit 180 days prior to 

permit expiration.
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Permit No. WA0000761

S16. CERTIFIED OPERATOR 

An operator certified for at least a Class II plant by the state of Washington must be in 

responsible charge of the day-to-day operation of the wastewater treatment plant by 

____________ (within 180 days of the effective date of the permit) and there after. All 

operators in responsible charge of facilities that treat domestic wastes combined with 

commercial or industrial waste must be certified in accordance with the provisions of 

Chapter 70.95B RCW and Chapter 173-230 WAC.

GENERAL CONDITIONS

G1. SIGNATORY REQUIREMENTS

A. All applications, reports, or information submitted to Ecology must be signed and 

certified.

1. In the case of corporations, by a responsible corporate officer. For the 

purposes of this section, a responsible corporate officer means: (a) A president, 

secretary, treasurer, or vice-president of the corporation in charge of a principal 

business function, or any other person who performs similar policy- or 

decision- making functions for the corporation, or (b) the manager of one or 

more manufacturing, production, or operating facilities, provided, the manager

is authorized to make management decisions which govern the operation of the 

regulated facility including having the explicit or implicit duty of making 

major capital investment recommendations, and initiating and directing other 

comprehensive measures to assure long term environmental compliance with 

environmental laws and regulations; the manager can ensure that the necessary 

systems are established or actions taken to gather complete and accurate 

information for permit application requirements; and where authority to sign 

documents has been assigned or delegated to the manager in accordance with 

corporate procedures.

2. In the case of partnership, by a general partner.

3. In the case of sole proprietorship, by the proprietor.

4. In the case of a municipal, state, or public facility, by either the principal 

executive officer, or ranking elected official.

Applications for permits for domestic wastewater facilities that are either 

owned or operated by, or under contract to, a public entity must be submitted 

by the public entity.

B. All reports required by this permit and other information requested by Ecology

must be signed by a person described above or by a duly authorized representative 

of that person. A person is a duly authorized representative only if:
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Permit No. WA0000761

1. The authorization is made in writing by a person described above and 

submitted to Ecology.

2. The authorization specifies either an individual or a position having 

responsibility for the overall operation of the regulated facility, such as the 

position of plant manager, superintendent, position of equivalent responsibility, 

or an individual or position having overall responsibility for environmental 

matters. (A duly authorized representative may thus be either a named 

individual or any individual occupying a named position.)

C. Changes to authorization: If an authorization under paragraph B.2 above is no 

longer accurate because a different individual or position has responsibility for the 

overall operation of the facility, a new authorization satisfying the requirements of 

paragraph B.2 above must be submitted to the Ecology prior to or together with any 

reports, information, or applications to be signed by an authorized representative.

D. Certification: Any person signing a document under this section must make the 

following certification:

I certify under penalty of law, that this document and all 

attachments were prepared under my direction or 

supervision in accordance with a system designed to assure 

that qualified personnel properly gathered and evaluated 

the information submitted. Based on my inquiry of the 

person or persons who manage the system, or those persons 

directly responsible for gathering information, the 

information submitted is, to the best of my knowledge and 

belief, true, accurate, and complete. I am aware that there 

are significant penalties for submitting false information, 

including the possibility of fine and imprisonment for 

knowing violations.

G2. RIGHT OF INSPECTION AND ENTRY

The Permittee must allow an authorized representative of Ecology, upon the 

presentation of credentials and such other documents as may be required by law:

A. To enter upon the premises where a discharge is located or where any records must 

be kept under the terms and conditions of this permit.

B. To have access to and copy - at reasonable times and at reasonable cost - any 

records required to be kept under the terms and conditions of this permit.

C. To inspect - at reasonable times - any facilities, equipment (including monitoring 

and control equipment), practices, methods, or operations regulated or required 

under this permit.
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Permit No. WA0000761

D. To sample or monitor - at reasonable times - any substances or parameters at any 

location for purposes of assuring permit compliance or as otherwise authorized by 

the Clean Water Act.

G3. PERMIT ACTIONS

This permit may be modified, revoked and reissued, or terminated either at the request 

of any interested person (including the permittee) or upon the Department’s initiative. 

However, the permit may only be modified, revoked and reissued, or terminated for the 

reasons specified in 40 CFR 122.62, 122.64 or WAC 173-220-150 according to the 

procedures of 40 CFR 124.5.

A. The following are causes for terminating this permit during its term, or for denying a 

permit renewal application:

1. Violation of any permit term or condition.

2. Obtaining a permit by misrepresentation or failure to disclose all relevant facts.

3. A material change in quantity or type of waste disposal.

4. A determination that the permitted activity endangers human health or the 

environment or contributes to water quality standards violations and can only be 

regulated to acceptable levels by permit modification or termination [40 CFR 

part 122.64(3)].

5. A change in any condition that requires either a temporary or permanent 

reduction or elimination of any discharge or sludge use or disposal practice 

controlled by the permit [40 CFR part 122.64(4)].

6. Nonpayment of fees assessed pursuant to RCW 90.48.465.

7. Failure or refusal of the permittee to allow entry as required in RCW 90.48.090.

B. The following are causes for modification but not revocation and reissuance except 

when the permittee requests or agrees:

1. A material change in the condition of the waters of the state.

2. New information not available at the time of permit issuance that would have 

justified the application of different permit conditions.

3. Material and substantial alterations or additions to the permitted facility or 

activities which occurred after this permit issuance.

4. Promulgation of new or amended standards or regulations having a direct 

bearing upon permit conditions, or requiring permit revision.
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Permit No. WA0000761

5. The Permittee has requested a modification based on other rationale meeting the 

criteria of 40 CFR Part 122.62.

6. Ecology has determined that good cause exists for modification of a compliance 

schedule, and the modification will not violate statutory deadlines.

7. Incorporation of an approved local pretreatment program into a municipality’s 

permit.

C. The following are causes for modification or alternatively revocation and reissuance:

1. Cause exists for termination for reasons listed in A1 through A7 of this section 

and Ecology determines that modification or revocation and reissuance is 

appropriate.

2. Ecology has received notification of a proposed transfer of the permit. A permit 

may also be modified to reflect a transfer after the effective date of an automatic 

transfer (General Condition G8) but will not be revoked and reissued after the 

effective date of the transfer except upon the request of the new permittee.

G4. REPORTING PLANNED CHANGES

The Permittee must, as soon as possible, but no later than thirty (30) days prior to the 

proposed changes, give notice to Ecology of planned physical alterations or additions to 

the permitted facility, production increases, or process modification which will result in: 

1) the permitted facility being determined to be a new source pursuant to 40 CFR 

122.29(b); 2) a significant change in the nature or an increase in quantity of pollutants 

discharged; or 3) a significant change in the Permittee’s sludge use or disposal 

practices. Following such notice, and the submittal of a new application or supplement 

to the existing application, along with required engineering plans and reports, this 

permit may be modified, or revoked and reissued pursuant to 40 CFR 122.62(a) to 

specify and limit any pollutants not previously limited. Until such modification is 

effective, any new or increased discharge in excess of permit limits or not specifically 

authorized by this permit constitutes a violation.

G5. PLAN REVIEW REQUIRED

Prior to constructing or modifying any wastewater control facilities, an engineering 

report and detailed plans and specifications must be submitted to Ecology for approval 

in accordance with Chapter 173-240 WAC. Engineering reports, plans, and 

specifications must be submitted at least thirty (30) days prior to the planned start of 

construction unless a shorter time is approved by Ecology. Facilities must be 

constructed and operated in accordance with the approved plans.

G6. COMPLIANCE WITH OTHER LAWS AND STATUTES

Nothing in this permit must be construed as excusing the Permittee from compliance 

with any applicable federal, state, or local statutes, ordinances, or regulations.
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Permit No. WA0000761

G7. TRANSFER OF THIS PERMIT

In the event of any change in control or ownership of facilities from which the 

authorized discharge emanate, the Permittee must notify the succeeding owner or 

controller of the existence of this permit by letter, a copy of which must be forwarded to 

Ecology.

A. Transfers by Modification

Except as provided in paragraph B below, this permit may be transferred by the 

Permittee to a new owner or operator only if this permit has been modified or 

revoked and reissued under 40 CFR 122.62(b)(2), or a minor modification made 

under 40 CFR 122.63(d), to identify the new Permittee and incorporate such other 

requirements as may be necessary under the Clean Water Act.

B. Automatic Transfers

This permit may be automatically transferred to a new Permittee if:

1. The Permittee notifies Ecology at least 30 days in advance of the proposed 

transfer date.

2. The notice includes a written agreement between the existing and new 

Permittee’s containing a specific date transfer of permit responsibility, 

coverage, and liability between them.

3. Ecology does not notify the existing Permittee and the proposed new Permittee 

of its intent to modify or revoke and reissue this permit. A modification under 

the subparagraph may also be minor modification under 40 CFR 122.63. If this 

notice is not received, the transfer is effective on the date specified in the 

written agreement.

G8. REDUCED PRODUCTION FOR COMPLIANCE

The Permittee, in order to maintain compliance with its permit, must control production 

and/or all discharges upon reduction, loss, failure, or bypass of the treatment facility 

until the facility is restored or an alternative method of treatment is provided. This 

requirement applies in the situation where, among other things, the primary source of 

power of the treatment facility is reduced, lost, or fails.

G9. REMOVED SUBSTANCES

Collected screenings, grit, solids, sludges, filter backwash, or other pollutants removed 

in the course of treatment or control of wastewaters must not be resuspended or 

reintroduced to the final effluent stream for discharge to state waters.
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Permit No. WA0000761

G10. DUTY TO PROVIDE INFORMATION

The Permittee must submit to Ecology, within a reasonable time, all information which 

Ecology may request to determine whether cause exists for modifying, revoking and 

reissuing, or terminating this permit or to determine compliance with this permit. The 

Permittee must also submit to Ecology upon request, copies of records required to be 

kept by this permit.

G11. OTHER REQUIREMENTS OF 40 CFR

All other requirements of 40 CFR 122.41 and 122.42 are incorporated in this permit by 

reference.

G12. ADDITIONAL MONITORING

Ecology may establish specific monitoring requirements in addition to those contained 

in this permit by administrative order or permit modification.

G13. PAYMENT OF FEES

The Permittee must submit payment of fees associated with this permit as assessed by 

Ecology.

G14. PENALTIES FOR VIOLATING PERMIT CONDITIONS

Any person who is found guilty of willfully violating the terms and conditions of this 

permit is deemed guilty of a crime, and upon conviction thereof shall be punished by a 

fine of up to ten thousand dollars ($10,000) and costs of prosecution, or by 

imprisonment in the discretion of the court. Each day upon which a willful violation 

occurs may be deemed a separate and additional violation.

Any person who violates the terms and conditions of a waste discharge permit may

incur, in addition to any other penalty as provided by law, a civil penalty in the amount 

of up to ten thousand dollars ($10,000) for every such violation. Each and every such 

violation is a separate and distinct offense, and in case of a continuing violation, every 

day's continuance must be deemed to be a separate and distinct violation.

G15. UPSET

Definition – “Upset” means an exceptional incident in which there is unintentional and 

temporary noncompliance with technology-based permit effluent limitations because of 

factors beyond the reasonable control of the Permittee. An upset does not include 

noncompliance to the extent caused by operational error, improperly designed treatment 

facilities, inadequate treatment facilities, lack of preventive maintenance, or careless or 

improper operation.
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Permit No. WA0000761

An upset constitutes an affirmative defense to an action brought for noncompliance with 

such technology-based permit effluent limitations if the requirements of the following 

paragraph are met.

A Permittee who wishes to establish the affirmative defense of upset must demonstrate, 

through properly signed, contemporaneous operating logs or other relevant evidence 

that: 1) an upset occurred and that the Permittee can identify the cause(s) of the upset; 

2) the permitted facility was being properly operated at the time of the upset; 3) the 

Permittee submitted notice of the upset as required in condition S3.E; and 4) the 

Permittee complied with any remedial measures required under S4.C of this permit.

In any enforcement preceding the Permittee seeking to establish the occurrence of an 

upset has the burden of proof.

G16. PROPERTY RIGHTS

This permit does not convey any property rights of any sort, or any exclusive privilege.

G17. DUTY TO COMPLY

The Permittee must comply with all conditions of this permit. Any permit 

noncompliance constitutes a violation of the Clean Water Act and is grounds for 

enforcement action; for permit termination, revocation and reissuance, or modification; 

or denial of a permit renewal application.

G18. TOXIC POLLUTANTS

The Permittee must comply with effluent standards or prohibitions established under 

Section 307(a) of the Clean Water Act for toxic pollutants within the time provided in 

the regulations that establish those standards or prohibitions, even if this permit has not 

yet been modified to incorporate the requirement.

G19. PENALTIES FOR TAMPERING

The Clean Water Act provides that any person who falsifies, tampers with, or 

knowingly renders inaccurate any monitoring device or method required to be 

maintained under this permit shall, upon conviction, be punished by a fine of not more 

than $10,000 per violation, or by imprisonment for not more than two years per 

violation, or by both. If a conviction of a person is for a violation committed after a 

first conviction of such person under this Condition, punishment shall be a fine of not 

more than $20,000 per day of violation, or by imprisonment of not more than four (4) 

years, or by both.
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Permit No. WA0000761

G20. REPORTING REQUIREMENTS APPLICABLE TO EXISTING 

MANUFACTURING, COMMERCIAL, MINING, AND SILVICULTURAL 

DISCHARGERS

The Permittee belonging to the categories of existing manufacturing, commercial, 

mining, or silviculture must notify Ecology as soon as they know or have reason to 

believe:

A. That any activity has occurred or will occur which would result in the discharge, on 

a routine or frequent basis, of any toxic pollutant which is not limited in this permit, 

if that discharge will exceed the highest of the following “notification levels”:

1. One hundred micrograms per liter (100 μg/l).

2. Two hundred micrograms per liter (200 μg/l) for acrolein and acrylonitrile; five 

hundred micrograms per liter (500 μg/l) for 2,4-dinitrophenol and for 2-methyl4,6-dinitrophenol; and one milligram per liter (1 mg/l) for antimony.

3. Five (5) times the maximum concentration value reported for that pollutant in 

the permit application in accordance with 40 CFR 122.21(g)(7).

4. The level established by the Director in accordance with 40 CFR 122.44(f).

B. That any activity has occurred or will occur which would result in any discharge, on 

a non-routine or infrequent basis, of a toxic pollutant which is not limited in this 

permit, if that discharge will exceed the highest of the following “notification 

levels”:

1. Five hundred micrograms per liter (500μg/L).

2. One milligram per liter (1 mg/L) for antimony.

3. Ten (10) times the maximum concentration value reported for that pollutant in 

the permit application in accordance with 40 CFR 122.21(g)(7).

4. The level established by the Director in accordance with 40 CFR 122.44(f).

G21. COMPLIANCE SCHEDULES

Reports of compliance or noncompliance with, or any progress reports on, interim and 

final requirements contained in any compliance schedule of this permit must be 

submitted no later than fourteen (14) days following each schedule date.
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Permit No. WA0000761

APPENDIX A

Calculating Stormwater asnd Ballast Water Allocations

S1.A effluent limitations in the Tesoro NPDES permit are base permit limits that apply to 

process water flow – these values are fixed.

S1.C. effluent limitations in the Tesoro NPDES permits are used to calculate incremental 

limits that apply to storm water and ballast water – the S1.C. limitations are actually 

multipliers. The incremental limit calculated using one of the multipliers is added to the 

base permit limit for commingled discharges.

Storm water flow is calculated by the subtraction of an estimated dry weather flow and ballast 

water flow from the total flow discharged each day.

Ballast water flow is measured by gauging the tanks at the refinery dock.

The ballast and storm water allocations in the Tesoro NPDES permit are based on guidelines in 

40 CFR 419.12(c) and 419.22(e). The allocations for storm water are intended to apply to runoff 

from areas associated with industrial activity, not outlying areas such as parking lots and 

surrounding acreage.

Daily maximum storm water and ballast water allocations must only be used on an individual 

parameter basis when mass loading in the effluent exceeds daily maximum base permit 

limitations and when measurable rainfall has occurred within the timeframes established in the 

NPDES permit. The Tesoro NPDES permit states that during specified summer months, the 

permittee will only be allowed to claim the storm water allocation when it can be demonstrated 

that measurable rainfall has occurred at the refinery site during the previous 10 calendar days.

In calculating storm water allocations, look at the days where total effluent flow exceeds the 

established dry weather flow. The difference is flow due to storm water. If the storm water 

allocation can be claimed per the conditions of the previous paragraph, multiply the additional 

flow (in million gallons per day, MGD) by the appropriate allocation provided in the NPDES 

permit. This is an incremental permit limit in lbs per day.

Evaluating compliance with the maximum daily permit limitation - on a day by day basis 

compare the maximum discharge for a parameter to the base permit limitation plus the storm 

water allocation and/or ballast water allocation calculated for that parameter.

Example Calculation 1.

Dry weather flow: 1 MGD 

Date: March 15, 1997

Parameter: Oil and Grease (O&G)

O&G maximum daily base permit limitation: 100 lbs/day

Maximum daily O& G discharge: 177 lbs/day

Total effluent flow: 2.2 MGD
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Permit No. WA0000761

Flow rate due to rainfall: 2.2 – 1 = 1.2 MGD

O&G maximum daily storm water allocation: 130 lbs/million gallons

O&G incremental limit due to storm water: 1.2 x 130 = 156 lbs/day

O&G maximum daily permit limitation for 3/15/97: 100 + 156 = 256 lbs/day

Note: Since 177 is less than 256, the permittee is in compliance with the oil and grease 

 maximum daily permit limitation on the day evaluated. If ballast water had also 

 been a factor on 3/15/97, an additional oil and grease allocation due to ballast 

 water could have been calculated and added into the maximum daily permit 

 limitation.

Evaluating compliance with the monthly average permit limitation - determine the days where 

effluent flow exceeds dry weather flow and sampling occurred. Add up the excess flow for these 

days and divide the result by this number of days. Multiply by the monthly average storm water 

allocation. -- this is the incremental storm water allocation. Compare the monthly average 

discharge for a parameter (total mass loading for the month divided by the days in the month) to 

the base permit limitation plus the storm water allocation and/or ballast water allocation 

calculated for that parameter. 

 

Example Calculation 2.

Dry weather flow: 1 MGD 

Month: November 1997

Parameter: Total Suspended Solids (TSS)

TSS average monthly base permit limitation: 120 lbs/day

Average monthly TSS discharge: 216 lbs/day

During the 5 sampling days the total storm water flow excess was: 2.5 million gallons

TSS average monthly storm water allocation: 180 lbs/million gallons 

TSS incremental limit due to storm water: 2.5/ 5 x 180 = 90 lbs/day

TSS average monthly permit limitation for November 1997: 120 + 90 = 210 lbs/day

Note: Since 216 is greater than 210, the TSS average monthly permit limit is exceeded.

If ballast water had also been a factor in Example Calculation 2, the average monthly permit 

limit would not have been exceeded.

Ballast water flow for November 1997 (1 day): 50,000 gallons or 0.05 million gallons

TSS average monthly ballast water allocation: 170 lbs/million gallons

TSS incremental limit due to ballast water: 0.05/ 1 x 170 = 8.5 lbs/day

TSS average monthly permit limitation for November 1997: 120 + 90 + 8.5 = 218.5 lbs/day
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Permit No. WA0000761

APPENDIX B 

List of Pollutants with Analytical Methods, Detection Limits and Quantitation 

Levels

The Permittee must use the specified analytical methods, detection limits (DLs) and quantitation 

levels (QLs) in the following table for permit and application required monitoring unless:

• Another permit condition specifies other methods, detection levels, or quantitation levels.

• The method used produces measurable results in the sample and EPA has listed it as an 

EPA-approved method in 40 CFR Part 136.

If the Permittee uses an alternative method, not specified in the permit and as allowed above, it 

must report the test method, DL, and QL on the discharge monitoring report or in the required 

report.

If the Permittee is unable to obtain the required DL and QL in its effluent due to matrix effects, 

the Permittee must submit a matrix-specific detection limit (MDL) and a quantitation limit (QL) 

to Ecology with appropriate laboratory documentation.

When the permit requires the Permittee to measure the base neutral compounds in the list of 

priority pollutants, it must measure all of the base neutral pollutants listed in the table below. 

The list includes EPA required base neutral priority pollutants and several additional polynuclear 

aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). The Water Quality Program added several PAHs to the list of 

base neutrals below from Ecology’s Persistent Bioaccumulative Toxics (PBT) List. It only 

added those PBT parameters of interest to Appendix A that did not increase the overall cost of 

analysis unreasonably.

Ecology added this appendix to the permit in order to reduce the number of analytical “nondetects” in permit-required monitoring and to measure effluent concentrations near or below 

criteria values where possible at a reasonable cost.

CONVENTIONAL PARAMETERS

Pollutant & CAS No. (if 

available)

Recommended 

Analytical Protocol

Detection 

(DL)1 μg/L 

unless 

specified

Quantitation 

Level (QL) 2 

μg/L unless 

specified

Biochemical Oxygen 

Demand

SM5210-B 2 mg/L

Chemical Oxygen Demand SM5220-D 10 mg/L

Total Organic Carbon SM5310-B/C/D 1 mg/L

Total Suspended Solids SM2540-D 5 mg/L

Total Ammonia (as N) SM4500-NH3-B and 20
Page 47 of 67

Permit No. WA0000761

Pollutant & CAS No. (if 

available)

Recommended 

Analytical Protocol

Detection 

(DL)1 μg/L 

unless 

specified

Quantitation 

Level (QL) 2 

μg/L unless 

specified

C/D/E/G/H

Flow Calibrated device

Dissolved oxygen SM4500-OC/OG 0.2 mg/L

Temperature (max. 7-day 

avg.)

Analog recorder or 

Use micro-recording 

devices known as 

thermistors

0.2o C

pH SM4500-H+ B N/A N/A

NONCONVENTIONAL PARAMETERS

Pollutant & CAS No. (if 

available)

Recommended 

Analytical Protocol

Detection 

(DL)1 μg/L 

unless 

specified

Quantitation 

Level (QL)2 

μg/L unless 

specified

Total Alkalinity SM2320-B 5 mg/L as 

CaCO3

Chlorine, Total Residual SM4500 Cl G 50.0

Color SM2120 B/C/E 10 color units

Fecal Coliform SM 9221E,9222 N/A Specified in 

method -

sample aliquot 

dependent

Fluoride (16984-48-8) SM4500-F E 25 100

Nitrate + Nitrite Nitrogen (as 

N)

SM4500-NO3-

E/F/H

100

Nitrogen, Total Kjeldahl (as 

N)

SM4500-NorgB/C 

and SM4500NH3-

B/C/D/EF/G/H

300

Soluble Reactive Phosphorus 

(as P)

SM4500- PE/PF 3 10

Phosphorus, Total (as P) SM 4500 PB 

followed by 

SM4500-PE/PF

3 10

Oil and Grease (HEM) 1664 A or B 1,400 5,000

Salinity SM2520-B 3 practical 

salinity units or 

scale (PSU or 

PSS)

Settleable Solids SM2540 -F 100
Page 48 of 67

Permit No. WA0000761

Pollutant & CAS No. (if 

available)

Recommended 

Analytical Protocol

Detection 

(DL)1 μg/L 

unless 

specified

Quantitation 

Level (QL)2 

μg/L unless 

specified

Sulfate (as mg/L SO4) SM4110-B 200

Sulfide (as mg/L S) SM4500-S2F/D/E/G 200

Sulfite (as mg/L SO3) SM4500-SO3B 2000

Total Coliform SM 9221B, 9222B, 

9223B

N/A Specified in 

method -

sample aliquot 

dependent

Total dissolved solids SM2540 C 20 mg/L

Total Hardness SM2340B 200 as CaCO3

Aluminum, Total (7429-90-

5)

200.8 2.0 10

Barium Total (7440-39-3) 200.8 0.5 2.0

BTEX (benzene +toluene + 

ethylbenzene + m,o,p 

xylenes)

EPA SW 846 

8021/8260

1 2

Boron Total (7440-42-8) 200.8 2.0 10.0

Cobalt, Total (7440-48-4) 200.8 0.05 0.25

Iron, Total (7439-89-6) 200.7 12.5 50

Magnesium, Total (7439-95-

4)

200.7 10 50

Molybdenum, Total (7439-

98-7)

200.8 0.1 0.5

Manganese, Total (7439-96-

5)

200.8 0.1 0.5

NWTPH Dx Ecology NWTPH 

Dx

250 250

NWTPH Gx Ecology NWTPH 

Gx

250 250

Tin, Total (7440-31-5) 200.8 0.3 1.5

Titanium, Total (7440-32-6) 200.8 0.5 2.5

PRIORITY POLLUTANTS

Pollutant & CAS No. (if 

available)

Recommended 

Analytical Protocol

Detection 

(DL)1 μg/L 

unless 

specified

Quantitation 

Level (QL) 2

μg/L unless 

specified

METALS, CYANIDE & TOTAL PHENOLS

Antimony, Total (7440-36-0) 200.8 0.3 1.0

Arsenic, Total (7440-38-2) 200.8 0.1 0.5
Page 49 of 67

Permit No. WA0000761

Pollutant & CAS No. (if 

available)

Recommended 

Analytical Protocol

Detection 

(DL)1 μg/L 

unless 

specified

Quantitation 

Level (QL) 2

μg/L unless 

specified

Beryllium, Total (7440-41-7) 200.8 0.1 0.5

Cadmium, Total (7440-43-9) 200.8 0.05 0.25

Chromium (hex) dissolved 

(18540-29-9)

SM3500-Cr EC 0.3 1.2

Chromium, Total (7440-47-

3)

200.8 0.2 1.0

Copper, Total (7440-50-8) 200.8 0.4 2.0

Lead, Total (7439-92-1) 200.8 0.1 0.5

Mercury, Total (7439-97-6) 1631E 0.0002 0.0005

Nickel, Total (7440-02-0) 200.8 0.1 0.5

Selenium, Total (7782-49-2) 200.8 1.0 1.0

Silver, Total (7440-22-4) 200.8 0.04 0.2

Thallium, Total (7440-28-0) 200.8 0.09 0.36

Zinc, Total (7440-66-6) 200.8 0.5 2.5

Cyanide, Total (57-12-5) 335.4 5 10

Cyanide, Weak Acid 

Dissociable

SM4500-CN I 5 10

Cyanide, Free Amenable to 

Chlorination (Available 

Cyanide)

SM4500-CN G 5 10

Phenols, Total EPA 420.1 50

Pollutant & CAS No. (if 

available)

Recommended 

Analytical Protocol

Detection 

(DL)1 μg/L 

unless 

specified

Quantitation 

Level (QL) 2

μg/L unless 

specified

ACID COMPOUNDS

2-Chlorophenol (95-57-8) 625 1.0 2.0

2,4-Dichlorophenol (120-83-

2)

625 0.5 1.0

2,4-Dimethylphenol (105-

67-9)

625 0.5 1.0

4,6-dinitro-o-cresol (534-52-

1) 

(2-methyl-4,6,-

dinitrophenol)

625/1625B 1.0 2.0

2,4 dinitrophenol (51-28-5) 625 1.0 2.0

2-Nitrophenol (88-75-5) 625 0.5 1.0

4-nitrophenol (100-02-7) 625 0.5 1.0
Page 50 of 67

Permit No. WA0000761

Pollutant & CAS No. (if 

available)

Recommended 

Analytical Protocol

Detection 

(DL)1 μg/L 

unless 

specified

Quantitation 

Level (QL) 2

μg/L unless 

specified

Parachlorometa cresol (59-

50-7) 

(4-chloro-3-methylphenol)

625 1.0 2.0

Pentachlorophenol (87-86-5) 625 0.5 1.0

Phenol (108-95-2) 625 2.0 4.0

2,4,6-Trichlorophenol (88-

06-2)

625 2.0 4.0

Pollutant & CAS No. (if 

available)

Recommended 

Analytical Protocol

Detection 

(DL)1

μg/L unless 

specified

Quantitation

Level (QL) 2

μg/L unless 

specified

VOLATILE COMPOUNDS

Acrolein (107-02-8) 624 5 10

Acrylonitrile (107-13-1) 624 1.0 2.0

Benzene (71-43-2) 624 1.0 2.0

Bromoform (75-25-2) 624 1.0 2.0

Carbon tetrachloride (56-23-

5)

624/601 or 

SM6230B

1.0 2.0

Chlorobenzene (108-90-7) 624 1.0 2.0

Chloroethane (75-00-3) 624/601 1.0 2.0

2-Chloroethylvinyl Ether 

(110-75-8)

624 1.0 2.0

Chloroform (67-66-3) 624 or SM6210B 1.0 2.0

Dibromochloromethane 

(124-48-1)

624 1.0 2.0

1,2-Dichlorobenzene (95-50-

1)

624 1.9 7.6

1,3-Dichlorobenzene (541-

73-1)

624 1.9 7.6

1,4-Dichlorobenzene (106-

46-7)

624 4.4 17.6

Dichlorobromomethane (75-

27-4)

624 1.0 2.0

1,1-Dichloroethane (75-34-3) 624 1.0 2.0

1,2-Dichloroethane (107-06-

2)

624 1.0 2.0

1,1-Dichloroethylene (75-35-

4)

624 1.0 2.0

1,2-Dichloropropane (78-87-

5)

624 1.0 2.0
Page 51 of 67

Permit No. WA0000761

Pollutant & CAS No. (if 

available)

Recommended 

Analytical Protocol

Detection 

(DL)1

μg/L unless 

specified

Quantitation

Level (QL) 2

μg/L unless 

specified

VOLATILE COMPOUNDS

1,3-dichloropropene (mixed 

isomers) (1,2-

dichloropropylene) (542-75-

6) 3

624 1.0 2.0

Ethylbenzene (100-41-4) 624 1.0 2.0

Methyl bromide (74-83-9) 

(Bromomethane)

624/601 5.0 10.0

Methyl chloride (74-87-3) 

(Chloromethane)

624 1.0 2.0

Methylene chloride (75-09-

2)

624 5.0 10.0

1,1,2,2-Tetrachloroethane 

(79-34-5)

624 1.9 2.0

Tetrachloroethylene (127-18-

4)

624 1.0 2.0

Toluene (108-88-3) 624 1.0 2.0

1,2-Trans-Dichloroethylene 

(156-60-5) (Ethylene 

dichloride)

624 1.0 2.0

1,1,1-Trichloroethane (71-

55-6)

624 1.0 2.0

1,1,2-Trichloroethane (79-

00-5)

624 1.0 2.0

Trichloroethylene (79-01-6) 624 1.0 2.0

Vinyl chloride (75-01-4) 624/SM6200B 1.0 2.0

Pollutant & CAS No. (if 

available)

Recommended 

Analytical Protocol

Detection 

(DL)1

μg/L unless 

specified

Quantitation

Level (QL) 2

μg/L unless 

specified

BASE/NEUTRAL COMPOUNDS (compounds in bold are Ecology PBTs)

Acenaphthene (83-32-9) 625 0.2 0.4

Acenaphthylene (208-96-8) 625 0.3 0.6

Anthracene (120-12-7) 625 0.3 0.6

Benzidine (92-87-5) 625 12 24

Benzyl butyl phthalate (85-

68-7)

625 0.3 0.6

Benzo(a)anthracene (56-55-

3)

625 0.3 0.6

Benzo(b)fluoranthene 

(3,4-benzofluoranthene) 

610/625 0.8 1.6
Page 52 of 67

Permit No. WA0000761

Pollutant & CAS No. (if 

available)

Recommended 

Analytical Protocol

Detection 

(DL)1

μg/L unless 

specified

Quantitation

Level (QL) 2

μg/L unless 

specified

BASE/NEUTRAL COMPOUNDS (compounds in bold are Ecology PBTs)

(205-99-2) 4

Benzo(j)fluoranthene (205-

82-3) 4

625 0.5 1.0

Benzo(k)fluoranthene 

(11,12-benzofluoranthene) 

(207-08-9) 4

610/625 0.8 1.6

Benzo(r,s,t)pentaphene 

(189-55-9)

625 0.5 1.0

Benzo(a)pyrene (50-32-8) 610/625 0.5 1.0

Benzo(ghi)Perylene (191-24-

2)

610/625 0.5 1.0

Bis(2-chloroethoxy)methane 

(111-91-1)

625 5.3 21.2

Bis(2-chloroethyl)ether (111-

44-4)

611/625 0.3 1.0

Bis(2-chloroisopropyl)ether 

(39638-32-9)

625 0.3 0.6

Bis(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate 

(117-81-7)

625 0.1 0.5

4-Bromophenyl phenyl ether 

(101-55-3)

625 0.2 0.4

2-Chloronaphthalene (91-58-

7)

625 0.3 0.6

4-Chlorophenyl phenyl ether 

(7005-72-3)

625 0.3 0.5

Chrysene (218-01-9) 610/625 0.3 0.6

Dibenzo (a,h)acridine (226-

36-8)

610M/625M 2.5 10.0

Dibenzo (a,j)acridine (224-

42-0)

610M/625M 2.5 10.0

Dibenzo(a-h)anthracene 

(53-70-3)(1,2,5,6-

dibenzanthracene)

625 0.8 1.6

Dibenzo(a,e)pyrene (192-65-

4)

610M/625M 2.5 10.0

Dibenzo(a,h)pyrene (189-64-

0)

625M 2.5 10.0

3,3-Dichlorobenzidine (91-

94-1)

605/625 0.5 1.0

Diethyl phthalate (84-66-2) 625 1.9 7.6

Dimethyl phthalate (131-11- 625 1.6 6.4
Page 53 of 67

Permit No. WA0000761

Pollutant & CAS No. (if 

available)

Recommended 

Analytical Protocol

Detection 

(DL)1

μg/L unless 

specified

Quantitation

Level (QL) 2

μg/L unless 

specified

BASE/NEUTRAL COMPOUNDS (compounds in bold are Ecology PBTs)

3)

Di-n-butyl phthalate (84-74-

2)

625 0.5 1.0

2,4-dinitrotoluene (121-14-2) 609/625 0.2 0.4

Di-n-octyl phthalate (117-84-

0) 

625 0.3 0.6

1,2-Diphenylhydrazine (as 

Azobenzene) (122-66-7)

1625B 5.0 20

Fluoranthene (206-44-0) 625 0.3 0.6

Fluorene (86-73-7) 625 0.3 0.6

Hexachlorobenzene (118-74-

1) 

612/625 0.3 0.6

Hexachlorobutadiene (87-68-

3)

625 0.5 1.0

Hexachlorocyclopentadiene 

(77-47-4)

1625B/625 0.5 1.0

Hexachloroethane (67-72-1) 625 0.5 1.0

Indeno(1,2,3-cd)Pyrene

(193-39-5)

610/625 0.5 1.0

Isophorone (78-59-1) 625 0.5 1.0

3-Methyl cholanthrene (56-

49-5)

625 2.0 8.0

Naphthalene (91-20-3) 625 0.3 0.6

Nitrobenzene (98-95-3) 625 0.5 1.0

N-Nitrosodimethylamine 

(62-75-9)

607/625 2.0 4.0

N-Nitrosodi-n-propylamine 

(621-64-7)

607/625 0.5 1.0

N-Nitrosodiphenylamine 

(86-30-6)

625 0.5 1.0

Perylene (198-55-0) 625 1.9 7.6

Phenanthrene (85-01-8) 625 0.3 0.6

Pyrene (129-00-0) 625 0.3 0.6

1,2,4-Trichlorobenzene

(120-82-1)

625 0.3 0.6
Page 54 of 67

Permit No. WA0000761

Pollutant & CAS No. (if 

available)

Recommended 

Analytical Protocol

Detection 

(DL)1

μg/L unless 

specified

Quantitation

Level (QL) 2

μg/L unless 

specified

DIOXIN

2,3,7,8-Tetra-ChlorodibenzoP-Dioxin (176-40-16) 

(2,3,7,8 TCDD)

1613B 1.3 pg/L 5 pg/L

Pollutant & CAS No. (if

available)

Recommended 

Analytical Protocol

Detection 

(DL)1

μg/L unless 

specified

Quantitation

Level (QL) 2

μg/L unless 

specified

PESTICIDES/PCBs

Aldrin (309-00-2) 608 0.025 0.05

alpha-BHC (319-84-6) 608 0.025 0.05

beta-BHC (319-85-7) 608 0.025 0.05

gamma-BHC (58-89-9) 608 0.025 0.05

delta-BHC (319-86-8) 608 0.025 0.05

Chlordane (57-74-9) 5 608 0.025 0.05

4,4’-DDT (50-29-3) 608 0.025 0.05

4,4’-DDE (72-55-9) 608 0.025 0.0510

4,4’ DDD (72-54-8) 608 0.025 0.05

Dieldrin (60-57-1) 608 0.025 0.05

alpha-Endosulfan (959-98-8) 608 0.025 0.05

beta-Endosulfan (33213-65-

9)

608 0.025 0.05

Endosulfan Sulfate (1031-

07-8)

608 0.025 0.05

Endrin (72-20-8) 608 0.025 0.05

Endrin Aldehyde (7421-93-

4)

608 0.025 0.05

Heptachlor (76-44-8) 608 0.025 0.05

Heptachlor Epoxide (1024-

57-3)

608 0.025 0.05

PCB-1242 (53469-21-9) 6 608 0.25 0.5

PCB-1254 (11097-69-1) 608 0.25 0.5

PCB-1221 (11104-28-2) 608 0.25 0.5

PCB-1232 (11141-16-5) 608 0.25 0.5

PCB-1248 (12672-29-6) 608 0.25 0.5

PCB-1260 (11096-82-5) 608 0.13 0.5

PCB-1016 (12674-11-2) 6 608 0.13 0.5

Toxaphene (8001-35-2) 608 0.24 0.5
Page 55 of 67

Permit No. WA0000761

1. Detection level (DL) - or detection limit means the minimum concentration of an analyte 

(substance) that can be measured and reported with a 99% confidence that the analyte 

concentration is greater than zero as determined by the procedure given in 40 CFR part 

136, Appendix B.

2. Quantitation Level (QL) - also known as Minimum Level of Quantitation (ML) – The 

lowest level at which the entire analytical system must give a recognizable signal and 

acceptable calibration point for the analyte. It is equivalent to the concentration of the 

lowest calibration standard, assuming that the lab has used all method-specified sample 

weights, volumes, and cleanup procedures. The QL is calculated by multiplying the MDL 

by 3.18 and rounding the result to the number nearest to (1, 2, or 5) x 10n, where n is an 

integer. (64 FR 30417). 

ALSO GIVEN AS: 

The smallest detectable concentration of analyte greater than the Detection Limit (DL) 

where the accuracy (precision & bias) achieves the objectives of the intended purpose. 

(Report of the Federal Advisory Committee on Detection and Quantitation Approaches 

and Uses in Clean Water Act Programs Submitted to the US Environmental Protection 

Agency December 2007).

3. NWTPH Dx - Northwest Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons Diesel Extended Range – see 

http://www.ecy.wa.gov/biblio/97602.html

4. NWTPH Gx - Northwest Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons Gasoline Extended Range – see 

http://www.ecy.wa.gov/biblio/97602.html

5. 1, 3-dichloroproylene (mixed isomers) - You may report this parameter as two separate 

parameters: cis-1, 3-dichlorpropropene (10061-01-5) and trans-1, 3-dichloropropene 

(10061-02-6). 

6. Total Benzofluoranthenes - Because Benzo(b)fluoranthene, Benzo(j)fluoranthene and 

Benzo(k)fluoranthene co-elute you may report these three isomers as total 

benzofluoranthenes.

7. Chlordane - You may report alpha-chlordane (5103-71-9) and gamma-chlordane (5103-

74-2) in place of chlordane (57-74-9). If you report alpha and gamma-chlordane, the 

DL/PQLs that apply are 0.025/0.050. 

8. PCB 1016 & PCB 1242 - You may report these two PCB compounds as one parameter 

called PCB 1016/1242. 
Page 56 of 67

Permit No. WA0000761

APPENDIX C

Refinery NPDES Pollution Prevention Plan – General and Specific 

Requirements

Guidance Documents

Guidance documents that must be used when developing or updating a pollution prevention plan 

include the Stormwater Management Manual for Western Washington published August 2012 by 

Ecology (Publication number 12-10-030), the ‘Pollution Prevention and Best Management 

Practices’ section of the Ecology Permit Writer’s Manual, Chapter XII. (Publication number 92-

109), EPA's Organizational Guide to Pollution Prevention, 2001 available at 

http://www.p2ric.org/CachedPages/printguid.pdf, the methodologies of pollution prevention 

planning references available at http://www.ecy.wa.gov/programs/hwtr/p2/p3.html, and other 

information provided by the Ecology Permit Manager.

Plan Requirements

A. General Requirements

1. Policy Statement and Signature:

The pollution prevention plan must include a policy statement articulating 

management and corporate support for the plan and a commitment to implement the 

plan and to continued pursuit of pollution prevention opportunities. The plan, plan 

updates, and modifications must be signed in accordance with Permit Condition G1.

2. Employee Involvement, Training, and Awareness:

The pollution prevention plan must include a description of personnel training and 

employee involvement programs that emphasize pollution prevention and solicit 

employee ideas about pollution prevention opportunities and other environmental 

issues. Staff training records must be maintained onsite and be available for 

inspection.

3. Other Pollution Prevention Plans

The Permittee may incorporate applicable portions of plans prepared for their facility 

for other purposes. Plans or portions of plans incorporated into the Pollution 

Prevention Plan become enforceable requirements of this permit.

B. Specific Requirements

The Pollution Prevention Plan must contain a site map, detailed assessment of the 

facility, detailed description of BMPs, spill prevention and emergency cleanup 

procedures, and sampling requirements. 
Page 57 of 67

Permit No. WA0000761

1. The site map must identify:

a. The scale or include relative distances between significant structures and drainage 

systems.

b. Significant features.

c. The stormwater drainage and discharge structures.

d. The stormwater drainage areas for each stormwater discharge point off-site 

(including discharges to groundwater) and identifying number for each discharge 

point.

e. Each sampling location by identifying number.

f. Paved areas and buildings.

g. Areas of pollutant contact (actual and potential) associated with specific industrial 

activities.

h. Surface water locations (including wetlands and drainage ditches)

i. Areas of existing and potential soil erosion (in a significant amount).

j. Vehicle maintenance areas.

k. Lands and waters adjacent to the site that may be helpful in identifying discharge 

points or drainage routes.

2. The facility assessment must include a description of the facility; an inventory of 

facility activities and equipment that contribute to or have the potential to 

contribute any pollutants to the wastewater treatment system, stormwater, 

and/or waters of the state; and an inventory of materials that contribute to or 

have the potential to contribute pollutants to the wastewater treatment system, 

stormwater, and/or waters of the state.

a. The facility description must describe:

i. The industrial activities conducted at the site.

ii. Regular business hours and seasonal variations in business hours or industrial 

activities.

iii. The general layout of the facility including buildings and storage of raw 

materials, and the flow of goods and materials through the facility.
Page 58 of 67

Permit No. WA0000761

b. The inventory of industrial activities must identify all areas associated with 

industrial activities that have been or may potentially be sources of pollutants, 

including, but not limited to, the following:

i. Loading and unloading of dry bulk materials or liquids.

ii. Outdoor storage of materials or products.

iii. Outdoor manufacturing and processing.

iv. On-site dust or particulate generating processes.

v. On-site waste treatment, storage, or disposal.

vi. Vehicle and equipment fueling, maintenance, and/or cleaning (includes 

washing).

vii. Roofs or other surfaces exposed to air emissions from a manufacturing 

building or a process area.

viii. Roofs or other surfaces composed of materials that may be mobilized by 

stormwater (e.g., galvanized roofs, galvanized fences, etc.).

c. The inventory of materials must list:

i. The types of materials handled at the site that potentially may be exposed to 

precipitation or runoff and could result in stormwater pollution.

ii. A short narrative for each material describing the potential of the pollutant to 

be present in stormwater discharges. The Permittee must update this 

narrative when data become available to verify the presence or absence of 

these pollutants.

iii. A narrative description of any potential sources of pollutants from past 

activities, materials and spills that were previously handled, treated, stored, 

or disposed of in a manner to allow ongoing exposure to stormwater. Include 

the method and location of on-site storage or disposal. List significant spills 

and significant leaks of toxic or hazardous pollutants.

3. The Pollution Prevention Plan must identify specific individuals by name or title 

within the organization (pollution prevention team) whose responsibilities 

include: Pollution Prevention Plan development, implementation, maintenance, 

and modification.
Page 59 of 67

Permit No. WA0000761

4. Best Management Practices (BMPs)

a. The Permittee must describe each BMP selected to eliminate or reduce the 

potential to contaminate stormwater and/pr waters of the state and prevent 

violations of water quality standards.

b. The Permittee must include each of the following mandatory BMPs in the 

Pollution Prevention Plan and implement the BMPs. The Permittee may omit 

individual BMPs if site conditions render the BMP unnecessary, infeasible, or the 

Permittee provides alternative and equally effective BMPs, if the Permittee 

clearly justifies each BMP omission in the Pollution Prevention Plan. The 

Permittee must document in the Pollution Prevention Plan that the BMPs selected 

are demonstrably equivalent to practices contained in stormwater technical 

manuals approved by Ecology.

i. Operational Source Control BMPs

1) The Pollution Prevention Plan must include Operational Source Control 

BMPs listed as “applicable” in the Stormwater Management Manual for 

Western Washington (2012) or other guidance documents or manuals 

approved by Ecology.

2) Good Housekeeping: The Pollution Prevention Plan must include BMPs 

that define ongoing maintenance and cleanup, as appropriate, of areas 

which may contribute pollutants to stormwater discharges. The Pollution 

Prevention Plan must include the schedule/frequency for completing each 

housekeeping task, based upon industrial activity, sampling results, and 

observations made during inspections. The Permittee must:

a) Vacuum paved surfaces with a vacuum sweeper (or a sweeper with a 

vacuum attachment) to remove accumulated pollutants a minimum of 

once per quarter.

b) Identify and control all on-site sources of dust to minimize stormwater 

contamination from the deposition of dust on areas exposed to 

precipitation.

c) Inspect and maintain baghouses monthly to prevent the escape of dust 

from the system. Immediately remove any accumulated dust at the 

base of exterior baghouses.

d) Keep all dumpsters under cover or fit with a lid that must remain 

closed when not in use.

3) Preventive Maintenance: The Pollution Prevention Plan must include 

BMPs to inspect and maintain the stormwater drainage, source controls, 
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treatment systems (if any), and plant equipment and systems that could fail

and result in contamination of stormwater. The Pollution Prevention Plan 

must include the schedule/frequency for completing each maintenance 

task. The Permittee must:

a) Clean catch basins when the depth of debris reaches 60% of the sump 

depth. In addition, the Permittee must keep the debris surface at least 

6 inches below the outlet pipe.

b) Inspect all equipment and vehicles monthly for leaking fluids such as 

oil, antifreeze, etc. Take leaking equipment and vehicles out of service 

or prevent leaks from spilling on the ground until repaired.

c) Immediately clean up spills and leaks (e.g., using absorbents, 

vacuuming, etc.) to prevent the discharge of pollutants.

4) Spill Prevention and Emergency Cleanup: The Pollution Prevention Plan 

must include BMPs to prevent spills that can contaminate stormwater. 

The Pollution Prevention Plan must specify BMPs for material handling 

procedures, storage requirements, cleanup equipment and procedures, and 

spill logs, as appropriate. The Permittee must:

a) Store all chemical liquids, fluids, and petroleum products, on an 

impervious surface that is surrounded with a containment berm or dike 

that is capable of containing 10% of the total enclosed tank volume or 

110% of the volume contained in the largest tank, whichever is 

greater.

b) Prevent precipitation form accumulating in containment areas with a 

roof or equivalent structure or include a plan on how it will manage 

and dispose of accumulated water if a containment cover is not 

practical.

c) Locate spill kits within 25 feet of all stationary fueling stations, fuel 

transfer stations, and mobile fueling units. At a minimum, spill kits 

must include:

i) Oil absorbents capable of absorbing 15 gallons of fuel.

ii) A storm drain plug or cover kit.

iii) A non-water containment boom, a minimum of 10 feet in length 

with a 12-gallon absorbent capacity.

iv) A non-metallic shovel.
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v) Two five-gallon buckets with lids.

d) Not lock shut-off fueling nozzles in the open position. Do not “top 

off” tanks being refueled.

e) Block, plug, or cover storm drains that receive runoff from areas 

where fueling, during fueling.

f) Use drip pans or equivalent containment measures during all 

petroleum transfer operations.

g) Locate materials, equipment, and activities so that leaks are contained 

in existing containment and diversion systems (confine the storage of 

leaky or leak-prone vehicles and equipment awaiting maintenance to 

protected areas).

h) Use drip pans and absorbents under or around leaky vehicles and 

equipment or store indoors where feasible. Drain fluids from 

equipment and vehicles prior to on-site storage or disposal.

i) Maintain a spill log that includes the following information for 

chemical and petroleum spills: date, time, amount, location, and 

reason for spill; and date/time cleanup completed, notifications made, 

and staff involved.

5) Employee Training: The Pollution Prevention Plan must include BMPs to 

provide pollution prevention plan training for employees. At a minimum, 

the training plan must include:

a) The content of the training:

i) An overview of what is in the Pollution Prevention Plan.

ii) How employees make a difference in complying with the Pollution 

Prevention Plan and preventing contamination of stormwater 

and/or waters of the state.

iii) Spill response procedures, good housekeeping, maintenance 

requirements, and material management practices.

b) How the Permittee will conduct the training.

c) The frequency/schedule of training. The Permittee must train 

employees annually, at a minimum.

d) A log of the dates on which specific employees received training.
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Permit No. WA0000761

6) Inspections and Recordkeeping: The Pollution Prevention Plan must 

include documentation of procedures to ensure compliance with permit 

requirements for inspections and recordkeeping. At a minimum, the 

Pollution Prevention Plan must:

a) Identify facility personnel who will inspect designated equipment and 

facility areas as required by Condition S12.

b) Contain a visual inspection report or checklist that includes all items 

required by Condition S12.

c) Provide a tracking or follow-up procedure to ensure that a report is 

prepared and any appropriate action taken in response to visual 

inspections.

7) Illicit Discharges: The Pollution Prevention Plan must include measures 

to identify and eliminate the discharges of process wastewater, domestic 

wastewater, non-contact cooling water, and other illicit discharges, to 

stormwater sewers, or to surface waters, or ground waters of the state. 

The Permittee can find BMPs to identify and eliminate illicit discharges in 

Volume IV of the Stormwater Management Manual for Western 

Washington (2012).

Water from washing vehicles or equipment, steam cleaning and/or 

pressure washing is considered process wastewater. The Permittee must 

not allow this process wastewater to commingle with stormwater or enter 

storm drains.

ii. Structural Source Control BMPs

1) The Pollution Prevention Plan must include Operational Source Control 

BMPs listed as “applicable” in the Stormwater Management Manual for 

Western Washington (2012) or other guidance documents or manuals 

approved by Ecology.

2) The Pollution Prevention Plan must include BMPs to minimize the 

exposure of manufacturing, processing, and material storage areas 

(including loading and unloading, storage, disposal, cleaning, 

maintenance, and fueling operations) to rain, snow, snowmelt, and runoff 

by either locating these industrial materials and activities inside or 

protecting them with storm resistant coverings.
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Permit No. WA0000761

The Permittee must:

a) Use grading, berming, or curbing to prevent runoff of contaminated 

flows and divert run-on away from these areas.

b) Perform all cleaning operations indoors, under cover, or in bermed 

areas that prevent stormwater runoff and run-on and also that capture 

any overspray.

c) Ensure that all wash water drains to a collection system that directs 

wash water to further treatment or storage and not to the stormwater 

drainage system.

iii. Treatment BMPs

The Permittee must:

1) Use Treatment BMPS consistent with the Stormwater Management 

Manual for Western Washington (2012) or other guidance documents or 

manuals approved by Ecology.

2) Employ oil/water separators, booms, skimmers, or other methods to 

eliminate or minimize oil and grease contamination of stormwater 

discharges.

3) Obtain Ecology approval before beginning construction/installation of all 

treatment BMPs that include the addition of chemicals to provide 

treatment.

iv. Stormwater Peak Runoff Rate and Volume Control BMPs

1) Facilities with new development or redevelopment must evaluate whether 

flow control BMPs are necessary to satisfy the state’s AKART 

requirements and prevent violations of water quality standards. If flow 

control BMPs are required, they must be consistent with the Stormwater 

Management Manual for Western Washington (2012) or other guidance 

documents or manuals approved by Ecology.

v. Erosion and Sediment Control BMPs

The Pollution Prevention Plan must describe BMPs necessary to prevent 

erosion of soils and other earthen materials (crushed rock/gravel, etc.) and 

prevent off-site sedimentation and violations of water quality standards. The 

Permittee must implement and maintain:
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Permit No. WA0000761

1) Sediment control BMPs such as detention or retention ponds or traps, 

vegetated filter strips, bioswales, or other permanent sediment control 

BMPs to minimize sediment loads in stormwater discharges.

2) Filtration BMPs to remove solids from catch basins, sumps, or other 

stormwater collection and conveyance system components (filter socks, 

modular canisters, sand filtration, centrifugal separators, etc.).

5. Sampling Plan

The Pollution Prevention Plan must include a stormwater sampling plan. The plan 

must:

a. Identify points of discharge to surface water, storm sewers, or discrete ground 

water infiltration locations such as dry wells or detention ponds.

b. Include documentation on why each discharge point is not sampled (if 

applicable):

i. Location of which discharge points the Permittee does not sample because 

pollutant concentrations are substantially identical to a discharge point being 

sampled.

ii. Reasons why the Permittee expects the discharge points to discharge 

substantially identical effluents.

iii. General industrial activities conducted in the drainage areas of each discharge 

point. 

iv. Best Management Practices conducted in the drainage area of each outfall.

v. Exposed materials located in the drainage area of each discharge point that are 

likely to be significant contributors of pollutants to stormwater discharges.

vi. Impervious surfaces in the drainage area that could affect the percolation 

stormwater runoff into the ground (e.g., asphalt, crushed rock, grass, etc.).

c. Identify each sampling location by its unique identifying number.

d. Identify staff responsible for conducting stormwater sampling.

e. Specify procedures for sample collection and handling.

f. Specify procedures for sending samples to a laboratory.
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Permit No. WA0000761

g. Identify parameters for analysis, holding times and preservative, laboratory 

quantitation levels, and analytical methods.

h. Specify the procedure for submitting results to Ecology.

 

C. Identifying and Evaluating Pollution Prevention Opportunities

1. Description of Current Pollution Prevention Activities

The plan must include a description of preventive measures and facilities already 

employed at the refinery to prevent, reduce, eliminate, or control releases of 

pollutants to influent wastewater streams, storm water, and/or waters of the state. 

2. Description of Potential Pollutants and Sources

The pollution prevention plan must include a detailed description of the processes or 

activities that contribute or potentially contribute pollutants to the treatment plant 

influent, stormwater, groundwater, and wetlands. Influent wastewater streams must 

include those having daily average flow rates equal to or greater than 30 gpm at the 

point where the wastewater stream enters the collection system, the catalytic wash 

water, spent caustic, and wash water waste streams. Minor incidental waste streams 

to stormwater, such as landscaping fertilizers, do not have to be included. The plan 

must identify the materials used, processed, stored, treated, or disposed of at the 

facility and the pollutants that are generated or potentially generated or released. The 

level of detail provided in the plan should be sufficient to help identify and 

understand how and why materials are used and pollutants generated or released. 

Process flow diagrams and/or material input/output information must be included on 

a process unit basis.

The Permittee must include in the plan all materials which may become pollutants or 

cause pollution upon reaching state waters, including, but not limited to: 

1. persistent bioaccumulative and toxic chemicals (PBTs),

2. Oil and petroleum products, and

3. Materials which, when spilled or otherwise released into the environment, would 

be designated Dangerous Waste (DW) or Extremely Hazardous Waste (EHW) by 

the procedures set forth in WAC 173-303-070.

In determining which sources and pollutants to address in the plan, the Permittee must 

use available sampling data, as well as knowledge of processes and materials, and 

available information on the relative toxicity or hazard of materials. Sources of PBTs 

must be included in the analysis. The Permittee must not be required to sample each 

stream analytically and may use engineering judgment to assess and quantify material 

inputs and outputs on a process unit basis. 
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Permit No. WA0000761

3. Identification & Preliminary Evaluation of Pollution Prevention Opportunities

The plan must identify pollution prevention opportunities and provide a detailed 

analysis of each opportunity’s technical (including safety considerations) and 

economic feasibility. Opportunities determined to be technically and economically 

feasible will be considered as known, available, and reasonable and therefore are 

required to be selected and scheduled for implementation. For each pollution 

prevention opportunity selected, the plan must identify the process(es) or activities it 

affects, an estimate of the amount of pollutants reduced, and the environmental or 

other benefits that will be achieved.

The Permittee must concentrate on opportunities that reduce or eliminate PBTs, 

priority pollutant metals, and methyldiethanolamine (MDEA) to influent and 

upstream flows to the oily water sewer. Solids and hydrocarbon loadings to the oily 

water sewer must also be evaluated. Stormwater must be evaluated for oil and grease 

and solids loading as well as toxics. 

In identifying and evaluating pollution prevention opportunities, the Permittee must 

consider the following: 

• All reasonably expected activities and conditions, such as normal operations, 

maintenance, and other ancillary activities; equipment failure; improper 

operation; upsets, accidents, spills, leaks; and natural events such as rainfall, 

snowfall, etc.

• All areas of the refinery with potential to generate water pollutants including 

process units, raw material and product storage, handling and transfer facilities, 

material handling areas, maintenance areas, solid and hazardous waste storage, 

treatment, and disposal, and stormwater systems.

The following are examples of pollution prevention strategies that may warrant 

evaluation:

• Improving and/or establishing new management practices and standard operating 

procedures addressing: increased training or supervision; improvements in 

inventory control, materials and waste handling, general operations, and 

housekeeping; preventive maintenance; and remedial measures

• Process or equipment modifications, including re-engineering processes to use 

less toxic input materials or to utilize by-products

• Material substitution

• Reducing material inputs

• Recycle/reuse of refinery waste, by-products, or process materials and fluids 
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Permit No. WA0000761

• Application of water conservation methods, including water reuse

• Waste segregation and separation

• Alternative and/or enhanced treatment technology, including upstream treatment 

of pollutants

Cross-media shift of pollutants should be avoided, unless a clear net environmental 

benefit results and compliance with standards applicable to other media or 

management programs would be maintained.

4. Prioritization & Selection of Pollution Prevention Opportunities

The plan must prioritize pollution prevention opportunities. The Permittee must 

provide their rationale for how the pollution prevention opportunities are prioritized. 

In addition to technical and economical feasibility, other factors may influence 

ranking of opportunities and should be included in the discussion. These factors may 

include capital projects planned or ongoing at the refinery that will provide a benefit 

to environmental media other than water, corresponding reduction in safety risks, etc. 

Projects that achieve the highest environmental benefit must have greater priority.

In prioritizing and selecting pollution prevention opportunities, the Permittee must 

give preference first to those that eliminate, avoid, or reduce the generation of water 

pollutants at the source, second to those that recycle or reuse the pollutants, and third 

to those that provide at-source or near-source treatment to remove pollutants or render 

them less toxic or harmful. In ranking opportunities, the Permittee must also consider 

pollutant loading and toxicity and the potential to achieve the greatest reduction with 

respect to time and costs. 

The Permittee is expected to establish reasonable priorities and schedules for 

implementation to achieve the greatest reduction in pollutant quantity and toxicity, as 

well as for management and fiscal necessity.