New Jersey
(con't)

Epilimnion — The upper warm region of a stratified body of water
which is freely circulating and extends from the surface to the
thermocline and does not have a permanent temperature
stratification.

Eutrophic Lake — Lakes with a good supply of nutrients; they may
support rich organic production, such as algae blooms and are
commonly deficient in dissolved oxygen below the thermocline when
stratified.

Heat Dissipation Area — Localized area of surface water, as may be
designated by the Department, into which thermal effluents may be
discharged for the purpose of mixing, dispersing or dissipating such
effluents without creating nuisances or hazardous conditions.

Hypolimnion — The lower cold region of a stratified body of water
that extends from the thermocline to the bottom of the lake and is
cut off from circulation with the upper waters, thereby receiving no
oxygen from the amosphere while stratified.

Industrial Water Supply — Water used for processing and cooling.

Mixing Areas -- Localized areas of surface waters, as may be
designated by the Department, into which non-thermal wastewater
effluents may be discharged for the purpose of mixing, dispersing or
dissipating such effluents without creating nuisances or hazardous
conditions.

Natural Temperature — Temperature that would exist in a waterway
without the addition of heat of artificial origin.

Nontrout Waters -- Waters, that because of their physical and/or
chemical and/or biotic characteristics, are not suitable for trout but
which, in general, are suitable for a wide variety of other fish
species.

Primary Contact Recreation — Recreational activities that involve
significant ingestion risks and including but not limited to wading,
swimming, diving, surfing, and water skiing.

Secondary Contact Recreation -- Recreational activities where the
probability of significant contact or water ingestion is minimal and
including but not limited to boating, fishing, and those other
activities involving limited contact with surface waters incident to
shoreline recreation.

Stream Temperature — Temperature of a stream outside of the
designated heat dissipation area.

Surface Water Classifications -—- Surface waters of this State

identified as Fresh (FW), Tidal (TW) and Coastal (CW). This includes
both interstate and intrastate waters.

-54-


Illinois
(con't)

NPDES: means the National Pollutant Discharge Elimination system
for issuing, establishing conditions for, and denying permits under
Section 402 of the FWPCA. All terms used in connection with
NPDES which have been defined in the FWPCA or regulations
adopted thereunder shall have the meanings specified therein, unless
specifically noted otherwise

Other Wastes: means garbarge, refuse, wood residues, sand, lime,
cinders, ashes, offal, night soil, silt, oil, tar, dye stuffs, acid,
chemicals and all other substances not sewage or industrial waste
whose discharge would cause water pollution or a violation of the
effluent or water quality standards.

Person: means any individual, partnership, copartnership, firm,
company, corporation, association, joint stock company, trust, estate,
political subdivision, state agency, or any other legal entity, or their
legal representative, agent or assigns

Pollutant: means dredged spoil, solid waste, incinerator residue,
sewage, garbage, sewage sludge, munitions, chemical wastes, biolo-
gical materials, radioactive materials, heat, wrecked or discarded
equipment, rock, sand, cellar dirt and industrial, municipal and
agricultural waste discharged into water. This term does not mean
(A) ‘sewage from vessels’ within the meaning of the FWPCA: or (B)
water, gas, or other material which is injected into a well to
facilitate production and dis posed of in a well, if the well used either
to facilitate production or for disposal purposes is approved by the
Department of Mines and Minerals, and if the Department of ‘Mines
and Minerals determines that such injection or disposal will not result
in the degradation of ground or surface water resources

Population Equivalent: is a term used to evaluate the impact of
industrial or other waste on a treatment works or stream. One
population equivalent is 100 gallons of sewage per day, containing
0.17 pounds of BOD5 and 0.20 pounds of suspended solid. The impact
on a treatment works is evaluated as the equivalent of the highest of
the three parameters. Impact on a stream is the higher of the BOD5S
and suspended solids parameters

Pretreatment Works: mears a treatment works designed and intended
for the treatment of wastewater from a major contributing industry,
as defined in 40 CFR 128, before introduction into a sewer systern
tributary to a public owned or public regulated treatment works

(Editor's note: The federal environmental Protection Agency June 26,
1978 (43 FR 27736) replaced 40 CRF 128 — Pretreatment Standards -
-with 40 CFR 403—General Pretreatment Regulations for Existing
and New Sources of Pollution, effective August 25, 1978)

Primary contact: means any recreational or other water use in which
there is prolonged and intimate contact with the water involving
considerable risk of ingesting water in quantities sufficient to pose a
significant health hazard, such as swimming and water skiing

-20-




Ohio
(con't)

(U) Micrograms Per Liter (ug/l) -- is the micrograms of substance per
liter of solution, and is 1/1000 of a milligram per liter.

(V) Milligrams per Liter (mg/l) — is the milligrams of substance per
liter of solution, and is equivalent to parts per million, assuming unit
density.

(W) Mine Drainage — is surface or groundwater flowing through or
from mines and mine sites, it is usually characterized by concen-
trations of acidity or alkalinity, various heavy metals, sulfates, and
dissolved solid.

(X) Mixing Zone -- is an area of water body contiguous to a treated or
untreated wastewater discharge of quality characteristics different
from those of the receiving water. The discharge is in transit and
progressively diluted from the source to the receiving system. The
mixing zone should be considered as a place where wastewater and
receiving water mix and not as a place where wastes are treated.

(Y) Natural Conditions -- are those conditions that are measured
outside the influence of man's activities.

(Z) Non-Persistent Toxicant — is a toxic substance with a halflife less
than eight weeks, but is readily degraded in an aquatic system, and
does not have a tendency to accumulate in organisms.

(AA) Non-Point Source -- is any source of pollutants other than those
defined as point sources.

(BB) Nuisance -- is a condition which interferes with the designated
uses of the surface waters of the state.

(CC) Nursery Areas ~~ are regions in a water body where young or
newly hatehed organisms occur in relatively higher abundance than
surrounding areas.

(DD) Persistent Toxicant — is one which either (a) by itself or as its
toxie transformation product, has a halflife for degradation under
natural environmental conditions of more than eight weeks, or (b) by
itself or as its toxic transformation product, upon entering surface
waters may biomagnify through successive trophic levels in the biota
of the receiving stream.

(EE) Point Souree — is any discernible, confined or discrete convey-
ance from which a pollutant is or may be discharged to the surface
waters of the state.

(FF) Pollutant — is sewage, industrial waste or other waste as defined
by section 6111.01(B) thru (D) of the Ohio Revised Code.

(GG) Receiving Waters — are the surface waters of the state into
which point and non-point sources flow.

-63-


Rhode Island
(con't)

"marina" shall mean any facility, public or private, at which vessels
are docked or moored.

"new discharges" shall mean discharges for which the director had not
issued an order of approval on or before the effective date of these
regulations.

"NPDES" or National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System shall
mean the national program for issuing, modifying, revoking and
reissuing, terminating, monitoring, and enforcing permits pursuant to
Sections 402, 318, and 405 of the Clean Water Act.

“other waste" shall mean chemicals, acid&, dye-stuff, starch, coloring
matter, oil and tar, radio-active substances, and any compound,
solution, mixture or product thereof, and every substance which may
be injurious to public health or comfort, or which would injurioudy
affect the natural and healthy propagation, growth, or development
of any fish or shellfish in any waters of the State, or the nourishment
of the same, or which would injuriously affect the flavor, taste, or
value as food of any such fish or shellfish; or which would defile said
waters or injure or defile any vessel, boat, wharf, pier, or any public
or private property upon, in or under said waters, or any shore
thereof.

"person" shall mean an individual trust, firm, joint stock company,
corporation (including a government corporation), partnership,
association, state, municipality, commission, political subdivision of a
state, or any interstate body.

"pollution" shall mean the entrance or discharge of sewage or other
waste into any of the waters of the State in such quantity, either by
itself or in connection with other sewage or other waste so dis-
charged, as to alter the physical or chemical properties, or biology,of
said waters, including change in temperature, taste, color, turbidity
or odor, and to cause or be likely to cause damage to the public, or to
any person having a right to use said waters for boating, fishing or
other purposes, or owning property in, under or bordering upon the
same.

"POTW" or Publicly Owned Treatment Works shall mean a treatment
works which is owned by the State or a municipality, or other public
authority.

"schedule of compliance” shall mean a schedule of remedial measures
including an enforceable sequence of interim requirements leading to
compliance with applicable water quality standards, effluent limita-
tions, or orders of the director.

"sea water" shall mean those waters subject to the rise and fall of the
tide.

14.


Florida
(con't)

(a) are greater than one-twentieth (1/20) of the amount lethal to 50%
of the test organisms in 96 hours (96 hr. LC50) where the 96 hr. LC50
is the lowest value which has been determined for a species signi-
ficant to the indigenous aquatic community; or

(b) may reasonably be expected, based upon evaluation by generally
accepted scientific method, to produce effects equal to those of the
concentration of the substance specified in (a) above.

(4) "Commission" shall mean the Environmental Regulation
Commission.

(5) "Compensation Point for Photosynthetic Activity" shall mean the
depth at which one percent of the light intensity at the surface
remains unabsorbed. This depth shall be computed as two divided by
the extinction coefficient.

(6) "Department" shall mean the Departmet of Environmental Regu-
lation.

(7) "Designated Use" shall mean the present and future most bene-
ficial use of a body of water as designaed by the Environmental
Regulation Commission by means of the classification system
contained in this Chapter.

(8) "Dominance" shall mean the presence of species of communities in
greater numbers, biomass, or areal extent than competing species or
communities, or a scientifically accepted tendency of species or
communities to achieve such a status under existing or reasonably
anticipated conditions.

(9) "Elluent Limitation" shall mean any restriction established by the
Department on quantities, rates or concentrations of chemical,
physical, biological or other constituents which are discharged from
sources into waters of the state.

(10) "Exceptional Ecological Significance" shall mean that a water
body is part of an ecosystem of unusual value. The exceptional
significance may be in unusual species, productivity, diversity, ecolo-
gical relationships, ambient water quality, scientific or educational
interest, or in other aspects of the ecosystem's setting or proceses.

(11) "Exceptional Recreational Significance" shall mean unusual value
as a resource for outdoor recreation activities. Outdoor recreation
activities, include, but are not limited to, fishing, boating, canoeing,
water skiing, swimming, scuba diving, and nature observation. the
exceptional significance may be in the intensity of present recrea-
tional usage, an unusual quality of recreational experience, or posses-
sing a potential for unusual future recreational use or experience.

(12) "Extinction Coefficient" shall mean: (1/D) log 10 (S./S,) where D
is the length of the light path, 8, is the light intensity at the surface

-10-


Oregon

34

Applicable to all basins unless context requires otherwise:
A. "BOD" means 5-day 20°C. Biochemical Oxygen Demand.

B. "DEQ" or "Department" means the Oregon State Department of
Environmental Quality.

C. "DO" means Dissolved Oxygen.

D. "EQC" means the Oregon State Environmental Quality
Commission.

E. "Estuarine waters" means all mixed fresh and oceanic waters in
estuaries or bays from the point of oceanic water intrusion inland to
a line connecting the outermost points of the headlands or protective
jetties.

F. "Industrial waste" means any liquid, gaseous, radioactive or solid
waste substance or a combination thereof resulting from any process
of industry, manufacturing, trade or business, or from the develop-
ment or recovery of any natural resources.

G. "Marine waters" means all oceanic, offshore waters outside of
estuaries or bays and within the territorial limits of the State of
Oregon.

H. "mg/l" means milligrams per liter.

I. "Pollution" means such contamination or other alteration of the
physical, chemical or biological properties of any waters of the state,
including change in temperature, taste, color, turbidity, silt or odor
of the waters, or such radioactive or other substance into any waters
of the state which either by itself or in connection with any other
substance present, will or can reasonably be expected to create a
public nuisance or render such waters harmful, detrimental or
injurious to public health, safety or welfare, or to domestic,
commercial, industrial, agricultural, recreational or other legitimate
beneficial uses or to livestock, wildlife, fish or other aquatic life or
the habitat thereof.

J. "Public water" means thesame as "waters of thestate".

K. "Sewage" means the water-carried human or animal waste from
residences, buildings, industrial establishments or other places
together with such groundwater infiltration and surface water as may
be present. The admixture with sewage as herein defined of
industrial wastes or wastes, as defined in subsections (F) and (M) of
this section, shall also be considered "sewage" within the meaning of
this division.

L. "SS" means Suspended Solié.

-69-


Iowa (con't)

d. Is found by the department in connection with the issuance of an
NPDES permit to have a significant impact, either singly or in
combination with other contributing industries, on that treatment
works or upon the quality of effluent from that treatment works.

"Milligrams per liter (mg/l)" means milligrams of solute per liter of
solution (equivalent to parts per million — assuming unit density). A
microgram (ug) is 1/1000 of a milligram.

"Navigable water" means a water of the United States.

"Nephelometric" means the nephelometriec method of determing tur-
bidity as stated in Standard Methods, pp. 132-134.

"Nonpoint source" means a source of pollutants that is not a point
source.

"NPDES permit" means an operation permit, issued after the depart-
ment has obtained approval of its NPDES program from the admini-
strator, that authorizes the discharge of any pollutant into a navig-
able water.

"Pathogen" means any micro-organism or virus that can cause
disease.

"pH" means the hydrogen ion activity of a solution expressed as the
logarithm of the reciprocal of the hydrogen ion activity in moles per
liter at 25°C. pH is a measure of the relative acidity or alkalinity of
the solution. The range extends from 0 to 14; 7 being neutral, 0 to 7
being acidic, and 7 to 14 being alkaline.

"Point source" means any discernible, confined, and discrete conve-
yance, including, but not limited to, any pipe, ditch, channel, tunnel,
conduit, well, discrete fissure, container, rolling stock, concentrated
animal feeding operation, or vessel or other floating craft, from
which pollutants are or may be discharged.

"Primary contact" means any recreational or other water use in
which there is prolonged and intimate contact with the water
involving considerable risk of ingesting water in quantities sufficient
to pose significant health hazard, such as swimming and waterskiing.

"Record of operation" means department of environmental quality
report forms or such other report forms, letter or documents which
may be acceptable to the department that are designed to indicate
specifie physical, chemical or biological values for waste water
during a stated period of time.

"Regional administrator" means the regional administrator of the

United States Environmental Protection Agency, Region VII, 1735
Baltimore, Kansas City, Missouri 64108.

-27-


Trust Territories
(con't)

Virgin IstandsTM

patterns demonstrates the effluent will not be brought back to the
beach or near-shore water s

(2) Secondary treatment for discharge into "near-shore waters"
provided that such discharge will not be made in areas which are
primary contact waters for recreational purposes or will not be made
into areas of unique value into which it has been determined no waste
water effluent is acceptable;

(3) Disinfection comminuter -- acceptable only on emergency basis
(period 3-6 months) with special approval of the Director of Health
Services or the Chairman of the Environmental Protection Board.

(e) "Receiving water" is that stream, aquifer, or body of water
receiving a discharge in any physical form.

(f) "Standards of water quality" is herein defined to be synonymous
with the meaning of "water quality criteria" as defined in the Federal
Water Pollution Control Act, as amended.

(g) "Primary contact waters for recreational purposes" are those
waters where such activities as swimming, wading, water skiing,
surfing, and other activities occur and in which there is prolonged and
intimate contact with the water involving considerable risk of
ingesting water in quantitie sufficient to pose a significant health
hazard.

Not Specified

US GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE: 1980 341-082/126

~98-


Maryland
(con't)

or prohibitions shall specify quantities, rates, and concentrations of
chemical, physical, biological, and other constituents which are
discharged into State waters.

(19) "Effluent limited waters" means waters of the State which the
Administration has identified as those in which Best Practicable
Control Technology Currently Available for industrial discharges and
secondary treatment for sewage discharges is sufficiently stringent
to maintain applicable water quality standard.

(20) "Emergency conditions’ means those circumstances resulting
from a permittee's actions, or lack of actions, which the Admini-
stration determines constitute a present or imminent danger to the
public health, welfare or the environment.

(21) "EPA" means the United States Environmental Protection
Agency, or its successor.

(22) "Estuary" means a semi-enclosed coatal body of water having a
free connection with the open sea and within which the sea-water is
measurably diluted with fresh water deriving from land drainage.

(23) "Eutrophication (Eutrophic)" means the excessive enrichment of
waters of the State by the discharge or addition of nutrients which
results in degradation of water quality or undesirable ecological
changed as indicated by excessive rooted or dispersed plant growth
(such as algal blooms), loss of water clarity, or nuisance conditions.

(24) "Feeal coliform" means the portion of the coliform group which
is present in the gut or the feces of warm-blooded animals. It
generally includes organisms which are capable of producing gas from
lactose broth in a suitable culture medium within 24 hours at 44.5
degrees plus 0.5 degrees C.

(25) "Federal Act" means the Federal Water Pollution Control Act
Amendments of 1972, or amendments thereto.

(26) "Federal Water Pollution Control Act, as amended" means the
Federal Water Pollution Control Act Amendments of 1972, or amend-
ments thereto (codified as Title 33, U.S.C.)

(27) "Fish" means loweraquatice vertebrates which have bony skele-
tons, are covered by dermal scales, usually have spindle-shaped
bodies, and swim by fins and breathe by gills.

(28) "Industrial waste" means any liquid, gaseous, solid or other waste
substance or combination thereof resulting from any process of
industry, manufacturing, trade or business, or from the development
of any natural resource, including agriculture.

(29) "Intermittent stream” means a nontidal body of flowing water for
which the computed design stream flow is zero.

~34-


North Carolina
(con't)

(11) Offensive condition shall be construed to mean and include any
condition or conditions resulting from the presence of sewage,
industrial wastes, or other wastes within the waters of the state or
along the shorelines thereof which shall either directly or indirectly
eause foul or noxious odors, unsightly conditions, or breeding of
abnormally large quantities of mosquitoes or other insect pests, or
shall damage private or public water supplies or other structures,
result in the development of gases which detroy or damage surround-
ing property, herbage or grasses, or which shall affect the health of
any person residing or working in the area.

(12) Mountain and upper piedmont waters shall mean all the waters
of the Hiwassee; Little Tennessee, including the Savannah River
Drainage Area; French Broad; Broad; New: and Watauga River Basin
and those portions of the Catawba River Basin above Lookout Shoals
Dam and the Yadkin River Basin above the junction of the Forsyth,
Yadkin and Davie County lines.

(13) Lower piedmont and coastal plain waters shall mean those waters
of the Catawba River Basin below Lookout Shoals Dam; the Yadkin
River Basin below the junction of the Foysyth, Yadkin, and Davie
county lines and all of the waters of Cape Fear; Lumber; Roanoke;
Neuse; Tar-Pamlico; Chowan; Pasquotank; and White Oak River
Basins, except tidal salt waters which are assigned "S" classifications.

(14) Estuarine Waters shall mean those tidal salt waters assigned S
classifications.

(15) Best usage of waters as specified for each class shall be those
uses as determined by the Environmental Management Commission in
accordance with the provisions of Article 21, Chapter 143, General
Statutes of North Carolina, as amended.

(16) Parts per million and parts per billion as used herein shall be
construed to mean milligrams per liter (mg/l), and micrograms per
liter (ug/l), respectively, as defined in the latest edition of "Standard
Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater," published by
the American public Health Association, American Water Works
Association, and Water Pollution Control Federation.

(17) Present waste treatment technology shall mean for industrial
wastewaters "Best Available Technology Economically Available," or
"New Source Performance Standards" if applicable and more strin-
gent, as published in the Federal Register. Where such limits have
not been published or adopted they shall be established in accordance
with 15 NCAC 2B .0405 (c). For municipal wastewater and other
similar discharges greater than 15,000 gpd, present waste treatment
technology shall be defined, for oxygen consuming wastes, as follows:

Ammonia Nitrogen 2.0 mg/l monthly average; 3.0 mg/l weekly
average

5

BOD* 5.0 mg/l monthly average; 7.5 mg/l weekly average

-59-


Kentucky
(con't)

(r) "Mixing zone" means a domain of a water body contiguous to a
treated or untreated wastewater discharge of quality characteristics
different from those of the receiving water. The discharge is in
transit and progressively diluted from the source to the receiving
system. The mixing zone is the domain where wastewater and
receiving water mix.

(s) "Natural temperature" means the temperature that would exist in
waters of the Commonwealth without the change of enthalpy of
artificial origin as opposed to climatic change or naturally occurring
seasonally variable temperature associated with riparian vegetation
and seasonal changes.

(t) "Natural water quality" means those naturally occurring physical,
chemical, and biological properties of waters.

(u) "Non point" means any source of pollutants not defined by point
source as ued in this regulation.

(v) "Outstanding resource waters" means waters designated by the
department pursuant to 401 KAR 5:031, Section 8.

(w) "Point source" means any discernible, confined, and discrete
conveyance, including, but not limited to any pipe, ditch, channel,
tunnel, conduit, well, discrete fissure, container, rolling stock, concen-
trated animal feeding operation, from which pollutants are or may be
discharged. This term does not include return flows from irrigated
agriculture.

(x) "Productive aquatic communities" means an assemblage of indi-
genous aquatic life capable of reproduction and growth.

(y) "Propagation" means the continuance of species by successful
spawning, hatching, and development or natural generation in the
natural environment, as opposed to the maintenance of species by
artificial culture and stocking.

(z) "Public water supply" means only surface water that with conven-
tional treatment will be suitable for human consumption, culinary
purposes, or in any food or beverage processing industry and meet
state and/or federal regulations for drinking water. This term
is synonymous with "domestic water supply."

(aa) "Standard" is a numerical value, range of values, or narrative
statement promulgated by the department to maintain and protect
the waters of the Commonwealth for designated uses.

(bb) "Surface waters" means those waters having well defined banks
and beds, either constantly or intermittently flowing, except effluent
ditches; impounded waters; and any subterranean waters flowing in
well defined channels and having a clear hydrologic connection with
the surface.

-30-


Ohio
(con't)

(H) Designated Use — is a use of the surface waters of the state,
established by the Water Quality Standard, Chapter 3745-1 of the
Ohio Administrative Code.

() Director -- is the Director of the Ohio Environmental Protection
Agency.

(J) Discharge — is the addition of any pollutant to the waters of the
state from a point source.

(K) Dynamic Bioasay — is a determination of the biological effect of
a substance, factor or condition employing living organisms or cells
as the indicator in a continuous flow-through system.

(L) Endangered Species — are those aquatic species of the state's
biota which are threatened with statewide extinction, as listed in
Rule 1501:31-23-01 or the Ohio Administrative Code.

(M) Estuary — is the section of a Lake Erie tributary at the mouth
where tributary and Lake Erie waters mix. This area is characterized
by flow reversals, seiche influences and is generally located bet ween
the farthest downstream riffle of the tributary and Lake Erie proper.
All tributaries of estuaries shall be considered estuaries below the
Lake Erie mean high water level.

(N) Feeal Coliform — is the portion of the coliform group which is
present in the intestinal tract of warm-blooded animals, and is
usually evidence of the presence of human or animal waste.

(O) Geometric Mean -~ is the Nth root of the product of N
quanitities.

(P) Headwaters — is the source or beginning of astream.

(Q) LC50 — is the concentration of a test material in a suitable
dilutant at which 50 per cent of the exposed organisms die in a
specified period of exposure. LC50 is often used interchangably with
Median Tolerance Limit (TLm), which measures the concentration at
which 50 per cent organisms survive.

(R) Long-term Avoidance —- is the permanent or prolonged avoidance
by a species population of an area or habitat that was formerly
inhabited by that species population, but is absent or singnificantly
reduced in density and biomass as a result of permanent limiting or
unfavorable environmental conditions.

(S) Maximum Daily Temperature -- is the highest arithmetic mean of
temperatures observed for any two consecutive hours during a 24-
hour day, or during the operation day if the waste heat discharge flow
is of ashorter duration than two hours in a 24-hour day.

(T) Micrograms per Gram (ug/g) — is the micrograms of substance per
gram of weight.

-62-




Maryland
(con't)

Massachusetts

19

(84) "Waste load allocation" means the identification and allotment
by the Administration, as necessary to achieve compliance with
Water Quality Standards, of quantities of residual wastes which may
be discharged from point sources. This allotment shall include
consideration of seasonal variations, a margin of safety, and the
contribution to non-point sources.

(85) "Wastes" means industrial wastes and all other liquid, gaseous,
solid or other substances which will pollute any waters of the State.

(86) "Wastewaters" means any liquid waste substance derived from
industrial, commercial, municipal, residential, agricultural, recrea-
tional or other operations or establishments, and any other liquid
waste substance containing liquid, gaseous, or solid matters and
having characteristics which will pollute any waters of the State.

(87) "Water class unit" means a distinct portion of a subbasin.

(88) "Water quality limited waters" means shellfish waters and other
waters of the State for which Best Practicable Control Technology
Currently Available for industrial discharges and secondary treat-
ment for sewage discharges is not sufficiently stringent to maintain
applicable water quality standards.

(89) "Watercourse" means a specific body or channel of water which
is part of the waters of the State.

(90) "Waters" means the liquid substance which is derived from‘a
ground water source, or a surface source, or a piped supply ~ or any
combination thereof - which will be discharged, without change in
quality, into the waters of the State, with the exception of storm
water runoff.

(91) "Waters of the State" includes both surface and underground
waters within the boundaries of the State subject to its jurisdiction,
including that portion of the Atlantic Ocean within the boundaries of
the State, the Chesapeake Bay and its tributaries, and all pond,
lakes, rivers, streams, public ditches, tax ditches, and public drainage
systems within the State, other than those designed and used to
collect, convey or dispose of sanitary sewage. The flood plain of
free-flowing waters determined by the Department on the basis of
the 100-year flood frequency is included as waters of the State.

Artificial conditions - Those conditions resulting from human altera-
tion of the chemical, physical or biological integrity of waters.

Beneficial use - Any use not impairing the most sensitive ue
designated in the classification tables contained in Part 5; except
that in no case shall the assimilation or transport of pollutants be
deemed a beneficial use.

Cold water fishery - Waters whose quality is capable of sustaining a
year-round population of cold water trout (salmonidae).

-40-


Washington
(con't)

West Virginia*

. 46
Wisconsin

5

(8) Temperature: Temperature expressed in degrees Celsius.

(9) Turbidity: The clarity of water expressed as nephelometric
turbidity units (NTU) and measured with a calibrated turbidimeter.

(10) Upwelling: Upwelling is a direct result of wind stress on the sea
surface. As winds blow perallel to a coast, the net flow of water is
at an angle of about 45° toward the sea. This flow causes cold
bottom water to move upward to replace the warmer surface water
moving offshore. The cold water is rich in dissolved nutrients and has
a low dissolved oxygen content.

2.01 "Person," "waters," "pollution," "sewage," "industrial waters,”
and "other wastes’ shall have the same meaning as defined by the
Code of West Virginia, Chapter 20, Article 5A, Section 2.

2.02 "Natural" or "naturally occurring" values — shall mean for all of
the waters of the State:

(a) Those water quality values which exist unaffected by — or
unaffected as a consequence of -- any water use by any person;

(b) Those water quality values which exist unaffected by the
discharge, or direct or indirect deposit of, any solid, liquid or gaseous
subs tance by any person.

2.03 Mixing zones:

(A) Definition — a mixing zone is an area contiguous to a discharge
where receiving water quality may neither meet all quality criteria
nor requirements otherwise applicable to the receiving water. The
mixing zone is considered as a place of mixing and not as a place
where effluents are treated.

(B) Management — management over those waters which receive
waste discharges must be addressed to the task of maintaining the
mixing areas in as small a volume and area as practicable. The
geographic limits of a mixing zone is complicated by both the
wastewater discharge and receiving water characteristics and will
not be determined except on a case-by-case basis or where it is
necessary to exercise more stringent controls over the receiving
waters in question.

(1) "Mean tolerance level (TLM)" means the concentration of a
substance at which there is a 50 percent mortality rate of bio-assay
test organisms in a stated exposure time.

(2) "Mixing Zone" means a region in which a discharge of different

characteristics than the receiving water is in transit and progessively
diluted from the source to the receiving system.

-82-


Alaska (con't)

(19) "groundwater" means water is in the zone of saturation, which is
the zone below the water table, in which all interstices are filled
‘with water;

(20) "industrial use" means any water supply used in association with
a manufacturing or production enterprise (other than food processing)
including mining, placer mining, energy production or development.

(21) "lake" means an inland body of water, fresh or salt, of. substantial
size, occupying a basin or hollow in the earth's surface, which may or
may not have a current or single direction of flow;

(22) "LC..." means the median lethal concentration of a toxicant; it is
the conéentration which is lethal to fifty percent of the organisms
tested under conditions outlined by the department in a specified
time; "LCs 9 means the same as tolerance limit TLM, or Theo}

(23) "mean" means the average of values obtained over a specified
period of time; for fecal coliforn determination the mean shall be
computed as the logarithmic mean;

(24) "micrograms per liter" (ug/l) means the concentration at which 1
millionth of a gram (10- g) is contained in a volume of 1 liter; there
are 453.59 grams in a pound;

(25) “milligram, per liter" (mg/l) means the concentration at which 1
milligram (10-"g) is contained in a volume of 1 liter; it is approxi-
mately equivalent to the unit parts per million (ppm), formerly of
common use;

(26) "mixing zone" means the area continguous to a discharge or to an
activity in the water, where a receiving water may not meet all the
water quality standards; wastes and water are given an area to mix
such that the water quality standards are met at the boundaries of
the mixing zone;

(27) "most probable number" (MPN) means the statistically deter-
mined number which represents the number of individuals most likely
present in a given sample or a liquor, based on test data.

(28) "natural condition" means those conditions physical, chemical,
biological, or radiological which exist(ed) in a water before any man
induced discharge into the water or any activity of man resulting in
addition of material into the water;

(29) "oil and grease" means oil and grease as defined by the procedure
used; see sec. 20(c) of this chapter for analytical procedures;

(30) "pH" means the negative logarithm of the hydrogen-ion activity
concentration when expressed as moles per liter; PH = 10845 (H+);


NATIONAL SUMMARY
OF
STATE WATER QUALITY STANDARDS

DEFINITIONS

OCTOBER, 1980

PREPARED FOR

UNITED STATES ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY

CRITERIA AND STANDARDS DIVISION
401 M STREET, S. W.

WASHINGTON, D. C. 20460

PREPARED BY
NALESNIK ASSOCIATES INCORPORATED
505 ELEVENTH STREET, S. E.
WASHINGTON, D. C. 20003

Contract Number

Project Number

68-01-6058

WA-80-A055


Maryland
(con't)

(49) "Person in charge" means the person designated by an operator or
permittee as the one with direct supervisory responsibility for an
activity or operation at a facility, such as the transfer of oil to or
from any facility.

(50) "Point of discharge" means that location in or adjacent to a body
of water at which any liquid, solid or gaseous substances are
discharged or deposited.

(51) "Point Source" means any discernible, confined and discrete
conveyance, including, but not limited to, any pipe, ditch, channel,
tunnel, conduit, well, discrete fissure, container, rolling stock,
concentrated animal feeding operation, or vessel or other floating
eraft, from which pollutants are, or may be discharged.

(52) "Pollutant" means any wastes or wastewaters discharged from
any publicly owned treatment works or industrial source and all other
liquid, gaseous, solid or other substances which will pollute any
waters of this State.

(53) "Pollution" means every contamination or other alteration of the
physical, chemical, or biological properties, of any waters of the
state, including change in temperature, taste, color, turbidity, or
odor of the waters, or the discharge or deposit of any organic matter,
harmful organism, liquid, gaseous, solid, radioactive, or other
substance into any waters of the state as will render the waters
harmful, detrimental, or injurious to public health, safety, or welfare,
domestic, commercial, industrial, agricultural, recreational, other
legitimate beneficial uses, or livestock, wild animals, birds, fish or
other aquatic life.

(54) "Propagation" means the continuance of species by generation of
successive production in the natural environment, as opposed to the
maintenance of species by artificial culture and stocking.

(55) "Publicly owned treatment works" means any facility for the
treatment of pollutants owned by the State or any political sub-
division thereof, municipality, or other public entity.

(56) "Receiving water" means surface waters of the State into which
wastes or wastewaters are, or may be, discharged.

(57) "Recreational trout waters" means cold or warm waters capable
of holding or supporting adult trout for put-and-take fishing, usually
seasonal.

(58) "Refuse Act" means Section 13 of the River and Harbor Act of
March 3, 1899.

(59) "Refuse Act application” means the application for a permit
under the Refuse Act.

(60) "Refuse Act permit" means any permit issued under the Refuse
Act.

-37-


Oklahoma
(con't)

Seven-day, two-year low flow - A seven-day, two-year low flow is
specified as the design flow for determining allowable discharge load
to astream. The flow is calculated as a moving average of seven
consecutive days for each year in a given record. These seven-day
low flow values are ranked in ascending order. An order number (m)
is calculated based upon the number of years record (n), with a
recurrence interval (R) of two years, as m = (n+1)/R, where R = two
years. A value of flow corresponding to the m~ order is taken as the
seven-day, two year low flow for that historical data.

Standard deviation - A statistical measure of the dispersion around
the arithmetic mean of the data.

Similarity index -

ie Where:
S=35B A = No. or species in the sample at upstream station.

B = No. of species in the sample at downstream station.
C = No. of species common to both A and B.

Synergistic effect - Indicates the presence of cooperative pollutant
action such that the total effect is greater than the sum of the
effects of each polllutant taken individually.

LC50 - Lethal Concentration - the concentration of a toxicant in an
external medium that is lethal to fifty percent of the test animals for
a specified period of exposure.

Ther nal pollution - Degradation of water quality by the introduction
of heated effluent. Primarily a result of the discharge of the cooling
waters from industrial processes particularly from electrical power
generation.

Thermal stratification - Horizontal layers of different densities
produced in a lake due to temperature.

Wastes - Industrial waste and all other liquid, gaseous or solid
substances which may pollute or tend to pollute any waters of the
State. (82 O.S. Supp. 1976, $926.1 (2)).

Water; of the State - All streams, lakes, ponds, marshes, water-
courses, waterways, wells, springs, irrigation systems, drainage
systems, and all other bodies or accumulations of water, surface and
underground, natural or artificial, public or private, which are
contained within, flow through, or border upon this State or any
portion thereof, except privately owned reservoirs used in the process
of cooling water for industrial purposes, provided that water released
from any such reservoir into a stream system of the State shall be
and become waters of the State. {32 0.3. supp. 1976, 8926.1 (6).

Yearly mean standard - The arithmetic mean of historical data plus
one standard deviation of the mean.

-68-


South Carolina

(con't)

South Dakota

38

in waters, which have been exposed for a substantial time to
decaying, organic matter;

(b) waters which cover land areas much of the year having dense
natural vegetation including trees.

Designation of waters of the State as "swamp waters" will be made
by the Department of Health and Environmental Control on a case-
by-case basis after appropriate analysis.

11. Tidal salt waters —- shall mean those waters whose elevation is
subject to periodic changes due to oceanic tides and which have
chloride ion content in excess of 250 milligrams per liter (mg/l)
Galinity = 0.48 0/00).

(1) "Administrator" the administrator of the U.S. Environmental
Protection Agency:

(1A) "Ammonia Toxicity," Ammonia Toxicity by William T.
Willingham, Control Technology Branch, Water Division, U.S.
Environmental Protection Agency, Region VII, (February, 1976) 4

(2) "Bioassay test" any test in which organisms are used to detect or
measure the presence or effect of one or more substances or
conditions

(3) "Degree C" degrees centigrade, a measure of temperature

(4) "Cold water marginal fish life propagation" a type of beneficial use
assigned to waters which are suitable for supporting stockings of
eatchable size trout during portions of the year, but due to low flows,
siltation, and warm temperature, are not suitable for permanent cold
water fish population

(5) "Cold water permanent fish life propagation" a type of beneficial
use assigned to waters which are capable of supporting a permanent
trout fishery from natural reproduction of fingerling stocking

(6) "Commerce and industry" a type of beneficial use assigned to
waters which are suitable for use as cooling water, industrial process
water, navigation, and production of hydroelectric power

(7) "Criteria" a numerical value which defines the acceptable limits
of a parameter

(8) "Domestic water supply" a type of beneficial use assigned to
waters which are suitable for human consumption, culinary or food
processing purposes, and other household purposes after suitable
treatment by conventional processes

(9) "Eight hour composited sample" a sample composed of eight grab

samples taken at one hour intervals, the volume of each sample
proportioned to flow, and physically mixed prior to analysis

-11-


5101
DEF

EPA

United States Officé of Water

Environmental Protection Regulations and Standards

Agency ° Washington, DC 20460 October 1980
Water

Definitions

Water Quality Standards
Criteria Summaries

A Compilation

of State/Federal Criteria



Wis 02 ten estab Eystectin 7


Towa (con't)

The continuing planning process is a time phased process by which the
department, working co-operatively with designated areawide
planning agencies:

a. Develops a water quality management decision-making process
involving elected officials of state and local units of government and
representatives of state and local executive departments that
eonduct activities related to water quality management.

b. Establishes an intergovernmental process (such as co-ordinated
and co-operative programs with the state conservation commission in
aquatic life and recreation matters, deartment of soil conservation in
nonpoint source pollution control matters, and the natural resources
council in water resources matters) which provides for water quality
management decisions to be made on an areawide or local basis and
for the incorporation of such decisions into a comprehensive and
cohesive statewide program. Through this process, state regulatory
programs and activities will be incorporated into the areawide water
quality management decision process.

¢. Develops a broad based public participation Guch as utilization of
such mechanisms as basin advisory committees composed of local
elected officials, representatives of areawide planning agencies, the
publie at large, and conservancy district advisory committees) aimed
at both informing and involving the public in the water quality
management program.

d. Prepares and implements water quality management plans, which
identify water quality goals and established state water quality
standards, define specific programs, priorities and targets for
preventing and controlling water pollution in individual approved
planning areas and establish policies which guide decision-making
over at least a twenty-year span of time (in increments of five
years).

e. Based on the results of the statewide (@tate and areawide)
planning process, develops the state strategy to be updated annually,
which sets the state's major objectives, approach, and priorities for
preventing and controlling pollution over a five-year period.

f. Translates the state strategy into the annual state program plan
(required under section 106 of the Federal Act), which establishes the
program objectives, identifies the resources committed for the state
program each year, and provides a mechanism for reporting progress
toward achievement of program objectives.

g- Periodically reviews and revises water quality standards as
required under Section 303(¢) of the Federa) Act.

"CFR" means the Code of Federal Regulations as published by the

Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office,
Washington, D. C. 20402.

-25-


Wyoming
(con't)

will outline a process to be followed in developing best management
practices for individual activities.

b. Biological Water Quality — Refers to the number and type of living
organisms existing in a surface water body.

ce. Chemical Water Quality -- Refers to chemical elements and
compounds which are found in ionized, complexed or dissolved states
in water (i.e. calcium, sulfate, dissolved oxygen.)

d. Cold Water Fishery — A water body which is managed by the
Wyoming Game and Fish Department primarily for one or more of the
following species: Grayling (Thymallus arcticus): Northern Pike (Esox
lucius); Salmon (Oncorhynchus); Sauger (Sitzosterdion canadense);
Trout (Salmo and Salvelinus); Walleye (Stizostedion vitreum); and
Whitefish (Prospium williamsoni).

e. Conventional Water Treatment — Shall be considered to be, in
order of application for public water supplies, the following
processes; coagulation, sedimentation, filtration and chlorination.

f. Dissolved Oxygen -- A measure of the amount of free oxygen in
water.

g. Effluent Limitations — Any restriction established by the State or
by the Administrator of the Federal Environmental Protection
Agency (EPA) on quantities, rates and concentrations of chemical,
physical, biological and other constituents which are discharged from
point sources into waters of the State, including schedules of
compliance.

h. Eutrophie -- Waters abundant in nutrients and having high rates of
productivity frequently resulting in oxygen depletion below the
surface layer.

i. Existing Quality -- The established long-term chemical and biolo-
gical water quality as of the date of promulgation of these regula-
tions with recognition of the fact that water quality will tend to
fluctuate on a seasonal and year-to-year basis depending upon natural
fluctuations in water quality.

j. Feeal Coliform — Those species within the coliform bacteria group
which are present in the gut or feces or warm-blooded animals. The
group includes organisms which are capable of producing gas from
saranse broth in a suitable culture medium within 24 hours at 44.5°C
-.2°C.

k. Federal Act -- The Federal Water Pollution Control Act and
subsequent amendments to that Act.

-84-


South Dakota

(con't)

Tennessee

39

(25) "PCi/I" picocuries per liter, a measure of radioactive
concentration

(26) "Secretary" the secretary of the South Dakota Department of
Environmental Protection

(27) "Segment" a continuous stretch of water found between two
points in the bed of a stream

(28) "Spawning bed" any place where fishspawn

(29) "Standard Methods" Standard Methods for the Examination of
Water and Wastewater, Fourteenth edition, American Public Health
Association et al. (1975)

(30) "Stream" a navigable river, creek, or tributary of such river or
ereek

(31) "Twenty-four hour composited sample" a sample composed of
twenty-four grab samples taken at one hour intervals, the volume of
each sample proportioned to flow, and physically mixed prior to
analysis

(32) "Warm water marginal fish life propagation" a beneficial use
assigned to lakes and streams which will support more tolerant
species of fish with frequent stocking and intensive management but
suffer frequent fish kills because of critical natural conditions

(33) "Warm water permanent fish life propagation" a beneficial use
assigned to lakes and streams which are suitable for the permanent
maintenance of warm water fish including walleyes, black bass, perch,
channel catfish, norther pike, and bluegills

(34) "Warm water semipermanent fish life propagation waters" a
beneficial use assigned to lakes and streams which are suitable for
the maintenance of warm water fish but whichsuffer occasional fish
kills because of critical natural conditions. Species found in these
waters includes walleyes, perch, black bass, northern pike, and
channel catfish

(35) "Wildlife propagation and stock watering" a beneficial use
assigned to streams and lakes which are satisfactory as habitat for
aquatic and semi-aquatic wild animals and fowl and are of suitable
quality for watering domestic and wild animals

(a) Conventional Water Treatment -- Conventional water treatment
as referred to in the criteria denotes coagulation, sedimentation,
filtration and chlorination.

(b) Mixing Zone -- Mixing zone refers to that section of a flowing

stream or impounded waters necessary for an effluent to become
dis persed and mixed insofar as practical with the main flow or water

-19-


Colorado (con't)

agency after problem asessment, examination of alternative
practices, and appropriate public participation, to be the most
effective, practicable (including technological, economic, and institu-
tional considerations) means of preventing or reducing the amount of
pollution generated by nonpoint sources to a level compatible with
quality goals.

(6) "COMMISSION" means the Colorado Water Quality Control
Commission.

(7) "DIVISION" means the Division of Administration of the Colorado
Department of Health of which the Water Quality Contraol Division
is a part.

(8) "FEDERAL ACT" means the Clean Water Act, U.S.C. Section
1251 et seq., as amended.

(9) "LC-50" means the concentration of a parameter that is lethal to
50% of the test organisms within a defined time period.

(10) "MIXING ZONE" means that area of a water body designated on
a case-by-case basis by the Division which is contiguous to a point
source and in which standards may not apply.

(11) "NUMERIC VALUE" means the measured concentration of a
parameter.

(12) "PARAMETER" means the chemical constituents or other
characteristics of the water such as algae, fecal coliform, total
dissolved solids, dissolved oxygen, or the magnitude of radioactivity
levels, temperature, pH, and turbidity, or other relevant
characteristics.

(13) "PERMIT" means a National Pollutant Discharge Elimination
System (NPDES) permit or other state water quality permit.

(14) "SALINITY" mears total dissolved solids (TDS).

(15) "STANDARD" means a narrative and/or numeric restriction
established by the Commission applied to waters of the State to
protect one or more beneficial uses of such waters. Whenever only
numeric or only narrative standards are intended, the wording shall
specifically designate which is intended.

(16) "TABLES" means Tables I, Il, II, and IV appended to the
Regulations, which set forth accepted levels for various parameters
which will generally protect the beneficial uses of the waters of the
State. These Tables are not adopted as regulations.

(17) "USES" - see Beneficial uses.


Nevada
(con't)

"Filtration" means a physical-chemical process for removing
suspended and colloidal impurities from water by passage through a
porous medium by the following mechanisms: absorption, floccu-
lation, sedimentation, and straining.

"Individual sewage disposal system" means a system of sewage
treatment tanks or tank and effluent absorption or percolation
facilities serving a single-dwelling or structure.

"Industrial wastes" means wastes resulting from any process of
industry, manufacturing, trade or business, or from the development
or recovery of any natural resources.

"Interstate agency" means any agency of two or more states:

Established by or pursuant to an agreement or compact approved by
the Congress of the United States or;

Having susbstantial powers or duties pertaining to the control of
pollution of waters.

"Law" means NRS 445.131 to NRS 445.354, inclusive.

"Minor discharge" means any discharge which (1) has a total volume
of less than 50,000 gallons on every day of the year, (2) does not
affect the waters of any other state, and (3) is not identified by the
director, the regional administrator, or by the administrator as a
discharge which is not a minor discharge. If there is more than one
discharge from a facility and the sum of the volumes of all discharges
from the facility exceed 50,000 gallons on any day of the year, then
no discharge from the facility is a minor discharge as defined herein.

"Municipality" means

Any city, town, county, district, association, or other public body
created by or pursuant to the law of this state, which has jurisdiction
over disposal of sewage, industrial wastes or other wastes; or

An Indian tribe or an authorized Indian tribal organization.

"NPDES" means the National Pollutant Discharge Elimination
System, which is the national system for the issuance of permits
under Section 402 of the Act.

"Natural waters" means waters which have not been degraded or
enhanced by actions attributable to man.

"New source" means any source, the construction of which is
commenced after the publication of proposed regulations prescribing
a standard of performance under Section 306 of the Act which will be
applicable to such source, if such standard is thereafter promulgated
in accordance with Section 306 of the Act.

-49-


Guam
(con't)

solid, oils, grease, acid, alkalis, toxic materials, bacteria, taste and
odor-causing materials, color and any other objectionable consti-
tuents contained in untreated wastes to produce an effluent equal to
that obtained from secondary treatment facilities in current use for
any specific category of industrial waste.

"Estuary" shall mean that region of interaction between near-shore
waters and rivers within which tidal action and river flow bring about
mixing of fresh and salt water.

"Higher degree of treatment" shall mean any physical, biological
and/or chemical method directed at removing a specified portion of
the remaining pollutants before and/or after secondary treatment.

"Hydrologic cycle" shall mean that natural system dealing with the
properties, distribution, and circulation of water on the surface of
the land, in the soil and underlying rocks, andin the atmosphere.

"Lethal Concentration - 50 percent (LC50)" shall mean that concen-
tration of a toxic substance in water in which 50 percent of a species
of aquatic organism survives for a given time period.

"Line of Mean High Water" shall mean the shoreline as indicated on
the 1:24,000 Series (Topographic) Maps of the Island of Guam
prepared by the U.S. Geological Survey.

"Marine sanitation device" shall mean any equipment for installation
on any vessel or water craft which is designed to receive, retain,
treat, or discharge sewage or other pollutants or any process to treat
such sewage, or other pollutants.

"Mixing zone" shall mean the area or volume of a water body within
which effluent(s) shall become physically mixed with the receiving
waters through initial dilution. Initial dilution is the process through
which the wastewater immediately mixes with the receiving water
due to the momentum of the waste discharge and the difference in
density between the discharge and the receiving water. The total area
or volume of water designated as a mixing zone shall be limited to
that area or volume which will not interfere with biological commu-
nities or populations of important species to a degree which is
damaging to the ecosystem and which will not cause substantial
damage to or impairment of designated water uses within the mixing
zone or in surrounding waters. A mixing zone shall be considered
designated only when approved by the Guam _ Environmental
Protection Agency and when concurrence of the U.S. EPA has been
received.

"Natural conditions" shall mean conditions free of substances or
conditions or the combination of both attributable to domestic,
commercial and industrial discharges, or agricultural, construction or
other land-use practices.

-91-


Oregon
(con't)

Pennsylvania

35

M. "Wastes" means sewage, industrial wastes, and all other liquid,
gaseous, solid, radioactive, or other substances which will or may
cause pollution or tend to cause pollution of any water of the state.

N. "Waters of the state" include lakes, bays, ponds, impounding
reservors, springs, wells, rivers, streams, creeks, estuaries, marshes,
inlets, canals, the Pacifie Ocean within the territorial limits of the
State of Oregon and all other bodies of surface or underground
waters, natural or artificial, inlaid or eoast uu, f223 7 salt, publie or
private (except those private waters which do not combine or effect
a junction with natural surface or underground waters), which are
wholly or partially within or bordering the state or within its
jurisdiction.

O. "Low Flow Period" means the flows in a stream resulting from
primarily groundwater discharge or baseflows augmented from lakes
and storage projects during the driest period of the year. The dry
weather period varies across the state according to climate and
topography. Wherever the Low Flow Period is indicated in the Water
Quality Management Plans, this period has been approximated by the
inclusive months. Where applicable in a waste discharge permit, the
Low Flow Period may be further defined.

P. "Secondary Treatment as the following context may require for:

1, "Sewage wastes" means the minimum level of treatment
mandated by EPA regulations pursuant to Public Law 92-500.

2. "Industrial and other waste sources" imply control equivalent to
Best Practicable Treatment (BPT).

Ambient stream concentration — The range in concentration or level
of a water quality parameter which would be expected to occur in the
absence of human activities. The value is normally determined froin
quality measurements of waters that are not affected by waste
discharges or other human activities.

Ambient temperature — The temperature of the water body upstream
or outside of the influence of a heated waste discharge or waste
discharge complex. The ambient temperature sampling point should
be unaffected by any sources of waste heat.

Application factor — The ratio of the safe concentration to the 96-
hour LC50 concentration which is assumed to be constant for related
groups of chemicals and is multiplied by an LC50 value in order to
produce the estimated safe concentration of a pollutant necessary to
protect the balanced indigenous communtiy in the receiving body of
water.

Balanced community — A group of populations occupying a common
area which constists of desirable species of fish, shellfish, and other
wildlife, including the biota of other trophic levels which are
necessary as part of the food chain or otherwise ecologically impor-
tant to the maintenance of these populations.

-70-


Kentucky (ee) "Thermocline” means the plane in a body of water in which the
(con't) maximum rate of decrease in temperature occurs.

(dd) "Toxic substances" means substances which are bioaccumulative,
synergistic, antagonistic, teratogenic, mutagenic and interfere with
the normal propagation of aquatic life, wildlife, or preclude the
legitimate uses of any waters of the Commonwealth.

(ee) "Warmwater aquatic habitat" means any surface water and
associated substrate capable of supporting indigenous warmwater
aquatic life.

(2) Abbreviations used in water quality regulations:

(a) °C means degree(s) Celsius;

(b) EPA - See U. S. EPA;

(c) °F means degree(s) Fahrenheit;

(d) mg/l means milligrams per liter Game as ppm);

(e) NPDES means National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System;

(f) pCi/l means piocuries per liter;

(g) ppm means part(s) per million (assuming unit density, same as
mg/l);

(h) ug/l means micrograms per liter;
(i) U. S. EPA means the United States Environmental Protection
Agency.

Louisiana!®

17

Not specified
Maine 1. Discharge. "Discharge" means any spilling, leaking, pumping,
pouring, emptying, dumping, disposing or other addition of any
pollutant to waters of the State.

1-A. Coastal streams. "Coastal streams" means those waters of the
State which drain directly or indirectly into tidal waters except
portions of streams subject to the rise and fall of the tide and those
waters listed and classified in sections 368 and 370.

2. Freshsurface waters. "Freshsurface waters" means all waters of the
State other than tidal waters.

3. Municipality. "Municipality means a city, town, plantation or
unorganized township.

4, Person. "Person" means an individual, firm, corporation, munici-

pality, quasi-municipal cooperation, state agency, federal agency or
other legal entity.

-31-


Michigan
(con't)

(o) "Natural water temperature" means the temperature of a body of
water without an influence from an artificial source, or a tempera-
ture as otherwise determined by the Commission.

R 323.1044. Definitions P to W
Rule 1044. As used in this part.

(a) "Palatability" means the state of being agreeable or acceptable
to the senses of sight, taste, or smell.

(b) "Plant nutrients' means those chemicals, including but not
limited to nitrogen and phosphorus, necessary for the growth and
reproduction of aquatic rooted, attached, and floating plants, fungi,
or bacteria.

(ec) "Point source" means a discernible, confined, and discrete
conveyance from which wastewater is or may be discharged to the
waters of the state, including but not limited to, a pipe, ditch,
channel, tunnel, conduit, well, discrete fissure, container, concen-
trated animal feeding operation or vessel or other floating craft.

(d) "Public water supply" means a surface raw water source which,
after conventional treatment, will provide a safe, clear, potable, and
aesthetically pleasing water for uses which include, but are not
limited to human consumption, food processing and cooking, and as a
liquid ingredient in foods and beverages.

(e) "Raw water" means the waters of the state prior to any
treatment.

(f) "Receiving waters" means the waters of the state into which an
effluent is, or may be discharged.

(g) "Sanitary sewage" means treated or untreated wastewaters which
contain human metabolic and domestic wastes.

(hn) "Standard" means a definite numerical value or narrative
statement promulgated by the commission to enhance or maintain
water quality to provide for, and fully protect, a designated use of
the waters of the state.

(i) "Suspended solids" means the amount of material suspended in
water, commonly expressed as a concentration in terms of milligrams
per liter.

(j) "TL_" means median tolerance limit which is the concentration
of a test material in a suitable diluent at which 50% of the exposed
organisms survive for a specified period of exposure.

(k) "Total body contact recreation" means an activity where the
human body may come into direct contact with water to the point of
complete submergence, including, but not limited to, activities such
as swimming, water skiing, andskin diving.

~43-


Nevada”

"Act" means the Federal Water Pollution Control Act Amendments of
1972 (33 U.S.C. 1251, et. seq)

"Administrator" means the administrator of the U.S. Environmental
Protection Agency.

"Aquatic Animal Production Facility" means a hatchery, fish farm or
other facility which contains, grows, or holds:

Fish or other aquatic animals in ponds, raceways, or other similar
structures for purposes of production and from which there is a
discharge on any 30 days or more per yexr, but does not include:

Closed ponds which discharge only during periods of excess runoff,
or

Facilities which produce less than 20,000 pound of aquatic
animals per year;

Any species of fish or other animal life (other than carp (Cyprinum
carpio), goldfish (Carassius auratus), or brown trout (Salmo trutta)
nonnative to the United States as defined in "Special Publication No.
6" of the American Fisheries Society entitled, "A List of Common
and Scientific Names of Fishes from the U. S. and Canada", and from
which there is a discharge at any time.

"Commission" means the state environmental commission.

"Complete treatment" means that degree of treatment which is
required to continuously produce water which meets State Board of
Health drinking water standard.

"Conventional treatment" means processes such as coagulation, sedi-
mentation, filtration, and disinfection; however, it does not include
desalting techniques.

"Department means the Department of Conservation and Natural
Resources.

"Director" means the Director of the Department or his designee.
"Discharge" means any addition of a pollutant or pollutants to water.

"Disinfection" means the destruction or inactivation of disease-
producing organisms.

"Division" means the division of environmental protection of the
Department of Conservation and Natural Resources.

"Effluent limitation" means any applicable state or federal water
quality standard or limitation, which imposes any restriction or
prohibition on quantities, rates or concentrations of chemical,
physical, biological, and other constituents which are discharged from
point sources into any waters of the state.

~-48-


Michigan
(con't)

21

Minnesota

Mississippi

Missouri?

22

41) "Toxic substances" means substances of unnatural origin, except
heat, in concentrations or combinations which are or may become
harmful to plant or animal life.

(m) "“Warmwater fish" means those fish species whose populations
thrive in relatively warm water, including but not limited to, bass,
pike, walleye, and panfish.

(n) "Wastewater" means liquid waste resulting from commercial,
municipal, and domestic operations and industrial processes,
ineluding but not limited to, cooling and condensing waters, sanitary
sewage, and industrial waste.

(o) "Waters of the state" means the Great Lakes, their connecting
waterways, all inland lakes, rivers, streams, impoundments, open
drains, and other surface watercourses within the confines of the
state, except drainage ways and pond used solely for wastewater
conveyance, treatment, or control.

The terms "waters of the state" for the purposes of this regulation
shall be construed to mean intrastate waters as herein below defined,
and the terms "sewage", "industrial waters," and "other wastes." as
well as any other terms for which definitions are given in the Water
Pollution Control Statutes, as used herein have the meanings ascribed
to them in Minnesota Statues, Sections 115.01 and 115.41, with the
exception that disposal systems or treatment works operated under
permit of the Agency shall not be construed to be "waters of the
state" as the term is used herein. Interstate waters are defined as all
rivers, lakes, and other waters that flow across or form part of state
boundaries. All of the remaining designated waters of the state
which do not meet the definition of interstate waters given above are
to be construed herein as constituting intrastate waters. Other terms
and abbreviations used herein which are not specifically defined in
applicable federal or state law shall be construed in conformance
with the context, and in relation to the applicable section of the
statutes pertaining to the matter at hand, and current professional
usage.

Not specified

(A) Waters of the State: All rivers, streams, lakes and other bodies of
surface and subsurface water lying within or forming a part of the
boundaries of the state which are not entirely confined and located
completely upon lands owned, leased or otherwise controlled by a
single person or by two or more persons jointly or as tenants in
common and includes water of the United States lying within the
state.

(B) Stream-flow classification

1. Class P: Streams that maintain permanent flow even in drought
periods.

-44-


Rhode Island
(con't)

"CWA" shall mean the Federal Clean Water Act (formerly referred to
as the Federal Water Pollution Control Act), Pub L. 92-500, as
amended by Pub. L. 95-217 and Pub. L. 95-576, 33 U.S.C. 1251 et seq.

"depuration" shall mean the transplantation or artificial holding of
shellfish for purification purposes.

"director" shall mean the director of the department of environ-
mental management or any subordinate or subordinates to whom he
has delegated the powers and duties vested in him by these
regulations.

"discharge" shall mean cause sewage or other waste, unless a more
specific waste is indicated, to be discharged, deposited, dumped,
spilled or leaked into any waters of the State or to be placed in a
location where the director determines it is likely to enter any
waters of the State.

“effluent limited waters" shall be as defined in paragraph 9.011 of
these regulations.

"effluent limitations" shall mean any restriction imposed by these
regulations or the director pursuant to these regulations on quality,
rates and concentrations of pollutants which are discharged from
point sources into any waters of the State.

"EPA" shall mean the United States Environmental Protection
Agency.

"ESB" shall mean the Environmental Standards Board established by
Chapter 42-17.3 of the General laws of Rhode Island of 1956, as
amended.

"fresh water" shall mean those waters of the State which are not sea
water.

"hazardous waste" shall be defined pursuant to Chapter 23-46.2 of the
General Laws of Rhode Island of 1956, as amended, and regulations
adopted pursuant thereunder.

"high quality waters" shall mean water whose quality is higher than
the water quality criteria for the water's designated class, but which
does not meet all the water quality criteria for a higher class.

"low quality waters’ shall mean waters which do not meet their
designated water quality standard.

"margin of safety" shall mean a requirement in addition to specific

requirements of these regulations which the director deems necessary
to protect the public health and safety and the environment.

-713-


Wisconsin
(con't)

Wyoming?

(3) "Natural conditions" means the normal daily and seasonal varia-
tions in climatic and atmospheric conditions, and the existing
physical and chemical characteristics of a water or the course in
which it flows.

(4) "Natural temperature" means the normal existing temperature of
a surface water including daily and seasonal changes outside the zone
of influence of any artificial inputs.

(5) "Resource management" means the application of control
techniques to enhance or preserve a surface water in accordance with
statutory provisions and in the general public interest.

(6) "Sanitary survey" means a thorough investigation and evaluation
of a surface water including bacteriological sampling to determine
the extent and cause of any bacterial contamination.

(7) "Surface waters" means all natural and artificial named and
unnamed lakes and all naturally flowing streams within the boun-
daries of the state, but not including cooling lakes, farm ponds and
facilities constructed for the treatment of wastewaters (the term
waters as used in this chapter means surface waters).

(8) "Unauthorized concentrations of substances’ mean pollutants or
other chemicals introduced into surface waters without prior permit
or knowledge of the department, but not including accidental or
unintentional spills.

(9) "Best practicable control technology" means that level of treat-
ment established by the department under section 147.04 (2)(a), Wis.
Stats., for categories and classes of point sources to be achieved by
not later than July 1, 1977.

(10) "Best available control technology" means that level of treat-
ment established by the department under section 147.04 (2)(b)(1),
Wis. Stats., for categories and classes of point sources to be
achieved by not later than July 1, 1983.

a. Best Management Practices - Those practices or combinations of
practices which are determined by the Wyoming Continuing Planning
Process, after problem assessment, examination of alternative prac-
tices and appropriate public participation, to the the most practically
effective (including technological, economic and institutional consi-
derations) means of preventing or reducing the quantity or concen-
tration of wastes discharged to surface waters of the State.

Best management practices are contained within a State certified
water quality management plan adopted under Section 208 of the
Federal Act in accordance with the State's Continuing Planning
Process. In certain instances, certified State water quality manage-
ment plans will not contain specific best management practices but

-83-


Maryland
(con't)

(61) "Schedule of Compliance" means a schedule of remedial
measures including an enforceable sequence of actions or operations
leading to compliance with the effluent limitations or water quality
standard as specified by an order or permit requirement of the
Administration.

(62) "Second treatment" means the treatment of sewage or product
effluent equal to or better than the following quality:

a. Five day biochemical oxygen demand:

30 mg/l - average for a 30 day period
45 mg/l - average for a 7 day period

b. Total suspended solids:

30 mg/l - average for a 30 day period
45 mg/l - average for a 7 day period

¢. Bacterial Control:
Asrequired to meet water quality standards
d. Total Chlorine residual:

0.5 mg/l - instantaneous maximum; lower values may be set to
protect aquatic life.

(63) "Sewage" means the water-carried human waste from residences,
buildings, industrial establishments or other places.

(64) "Shellfish harvesting waters" mears waters that are actual or
potential areas for the harvesting of shellfish including oysters,
softshell clams, and brackish water clams.

(65) "Sinking agents' means those chemicals or other agents that can
physically sink oil below the water surface.

(66) "Slop" means a mixture of oil, water and sediment.

(67) "Sludge" means the settleable solid that are naturally present in
waters and wastewaters, or that are derived from nonsettleable
matter by chemical coagulation and precipitation and by biological
flocculation and precipitation.

(68) "Sorbent" means any substance that takes up and holds oil by
either adsorption or absorption.

(69) "Source" means any building, structure, facility, or installation
from which there is, or may be, a discharge of pollutants.

(70) "Spill pilling)" means any loss of control or release of oil or

other hazardous substance, such that moves or is capable of moving
into the aquatic environment.

-38-


DEFINITIONS

Water Quality Standards
Criteria Summaries
A Compilation of State/Federal Criteria

October 1980

U. S. Environmental Protection Agency
Office of Water Regulations and Standards
Washington, D. C. 20460

aiky

ee ND
. a Lae .
REGION Vy be Prog

i 5 Street
230 South Dearborn © 3
Chicago, INinols 60604



United States ;
Environmental Protection

gency
Washington DC 20460

Postage and
Fees paid
Environmental
Protection
Agency

EPA 335

ficial Business
’enalty tor Private Use $300

Third-Class


North Dakota (2) Municipal and Domestic Water -- Waters that are suitable for use
(con't) as a source of water supply for drinking and culinary purposes after
treatment to a level approved by the State Health Department.

(3) Industrial Water - Waters that are suitable for industrial purposes,
including food processing, after treatment. Treatment may include
that necessary for prevention of boiler scale and corrosion.

(4) Agricultural Uses -- Water suitable for irrigation, stock watering,
and other agricultural uses, but not suitable for use as a source of
domestic supply for the farm unless satisfactory treatment is
provided.

02.202 Pollution — Pollution shall mean such contamination; or other
alteration of the physical, chemical, or biological properties, of any
waters of the State, including change in temperature, taste, color,
turbidity, or odor of the waters; or such discharge of any liquid,
gaseous, solid, radioactive, or other substance into any waters of the
State as will or is likely to create a nuisance or render such waters
harmful, detrimental, or injurious to public health, safety, or welfare,
or to domestic, commercial, industrial, agricultural, recreational, or
other legitimate beneficial uses, or to livestock, wild animals, bird,
fish, or other aquatic life.

Ohio®2 (A) Ambient Water Temperature — is the special (longitudinal lateral
and vertical) and temporal water temperature structure that is
actually measured before a specific waste heat discharge, and is

outside the influence of any thermal mixing zone.

(B) Application factor — is a numerical value applied to the LC50 or
other bioassay test end point. It provides the concentration of an
effluent or toxic substances that would be safe for aquatic organisms
in the waters of the state.

(C) Average Temperature — represents the arithmetic mean of
multiple, equally spaced, daily average temperatures over a consecu-
tive 15 or 30 day period.

(D) Coldwater Fish — are those species of fish that thrive in
relatively cold water. These species include, but are not limited to
Salmon and Trout (Salmonidae), Sculpins (Cottidae), and certain
Minnow (Cyprinidae) species.

(E) Confluence — is the point where two cr more bodies of water flow
together.

(F) Daily Average Temperature — is the arithmetic mean of multiple,
equally spaced, temperature measurements to be taken at least once
per hour during a 24-hour day.

(G) Degradation — is a lowering of the existing water quality in the
surface waters of the state as a result of the activities of man, due
to physical changes, chemical, biological or thermal discharges from
both point and non-point sources.

-61-


Montana
(con't)

Nebraska

24

"Naturally occurring" means conditions or material present from
runoff or percolation over which man has no control or from
developed land where all reasonable land, soil and water conservation
practices have been applied. Conditions resulting from dams in
existence as of July 1, 1971 are natural.

"Mixing zone" means that volume of state water wherein any
pollutant may exceed allowable water quality standards.

"Pesticide" means insecticides, herbicides, rodenticides, fungicides or
any substance or mixture of substances intended for preventing,
destroying, controlling, repelling, altering life processes, or miti-
gating any insects, rodents, nematodes, fungi, weeds and other forms
of plant or animal life.

"Residue" means oils, floating solid and sludge deposits.

"Sediment" means solid material settled from suspension in a liquid;
mineral or organic solid material that is being transported or has
been moved from its site of origin by air, water or ice and has come
to rest on the earth's surface, either above or below sea level; or
inorganic or organic particles originating from weathering, chemical
precipitation or biological activity.

"Settleable solid" means inorganic or organic particles that are being
trans ported or have been transported by water from the site or sites
of origin and are settled or are capable of being settled from
suspension.

"Sewer" means a pipe or conduit that carries wastewater or drainage
water.

"State waters" means any body of water, irrigation system or
drainage system, either surface or underground. This section shall
not apply to irrigation waters where the waters are used up within
the irrigation system and said waters are not returned to any other
state waters. The term "state waters" as used in this rule does not
inelude underground waters.

"Storm sewer" or "storm drain" means a sewer that carrie storm
water and surface water, street wash and other wash waters, or
drainage but excludes sewage and industrial wastes.

"True color" means the color of water from which the turbidity has
been removed.

"Turbidity" means a condition in water or wastewater caused by the
presence of suspended matter resulting in the scattering and
absorption of light rays.

Not specified

~47-


Puerto Rico
(con't)

Non-persistent Pesticides -- Those pesticides whose initial concen-
tration is reduced to half their value in a period of less than 96 hours
due to hydrolysis and/or bacterial action.

Other wastes -- Garbage, residues, rotten wood, sawdust, filling,
lime, ashes, offals, oil dyes, acids, chemical substances, and any
other substance that may pollute or cause pollution of waters.

Pas sageway -- A continuous stretch where water characteristics are
affected only by the environment in such a manner that the free flow
or continuous drifting of biota is always pos sible.

Person -- Any juridical or natural person; any agency, department,
board, public or quasi-public corporation, municipality of the
Commonwealth of Puerto Rico or its municipalities; any association
or group of persons.

Point source -- Any discernable, confined and discrete conveyance,
including but not limited to any pipe, ditch, channel, tunnel, conduit,
well, discrete fissure, container, rolling stock, concentrated animal
feeding operation, or vessel or other floating craft, from which
pollutants are or may be discharged.

Pollutant -- Any substance, refuse or waste capable of polluting the
waters.

Pollute (to), Pollution — Altering the natural characteristics of a
body of water so as to make it in any way harmful or noxious to
human health, or to that of animals, or plants, or rendering it iJl-
smelling or impure or altering adversely its physical, chemical, micro-
biological or radioactive condition, in such a way as to intefere with
the enjoyment of life or property or violate the standards of purity
established by this Regulation.

Primary contact — Any recreation or other use in which there is
prolonged and intimate contact with the water involving considerable
risk of ingestion in quantities sufficient to pose a significant health
hazard.

Refuse -- All waste material, including (but not limited to) garbage,
rubbish, incinerator residue, street sweepings, dead animals, and
animal wastes.

Secondary contact — Any recreactional or other use in which contact
with the water is either incidental or accidental and in which the
probability of ingesting appreciable quantities of water is minimal.
Sewage — See municipal wastes.

Solid wastes -- All refuse including, but not limited to garbage,

rubbish, incinerator residue, street sweepings, dead animals, and
animal wastes.

-96-


Illinois
(con't)

Public and Food Processing Water Supply: means any water use in
which water is withdrawn from surface waters of the State for human
consumption or for processing of food products intended for human
consumption

Publicly Owned Treatment Works: means a treatment works owned
by a municipality, sanitary district, county, or state or federal
agency, and which treats domestic and industrial wastes collected by
a publicly owned or regulated sewer system. Industrial treatment
works which are publicly owned and financed by bond issues of public
agencies are not included in this definition

Publicly Regulated Treatment Works: means those otherwise private
companies which are regulated as public utilities engaged in the
disposal of domestie and industrial wastes and regulated as such by
the Illinois Commerce Commission, pursuant to an Act concerning
Public Utilities, Hinois Revised Statutes 1977, CH.111 2/3; par.1
et.seq.

Sanitary Sewer: means a sewer that carries wastewater together with
incidental land runoff

Secondary Contact: means any recreational or other water use in
which contact with the water is either incidental or accidental and in
which the probability of ingesting appreciable quantities of water is
minimal, such as fishing, commercial and recreational boating and
any limited contact incident to shoreline activity

Sewage: means water-carried human and related wastes from any
source

Sewer: means a stationary means of transport or stationary system of
transport, excluding natural waterways, constructed and operated for
the purpose of collecting and transporting wastewater or land runoff,
or both

Standard of Performance: means a standard for the control of the
discharge of pollutants, promulgated by the Administrator pursuant
to Section 306 of the FWPCA, for the control of the discharge of
pollutants which reflects the greatest degree of effluent reduction
which the Administrator determines to be achievable through appli-
eation of the best available demonstrated control technology, pro-
cesses, operating methods, or other alternatives, ineluding, where
practicable, a standard permitting no discharge of pollutants

STORET: Means the national water quality data system of the
Federal Environmental Protection Agency

Storm Sewer: means a sewer intended to receive only land runoff
Treatment Works: means individually or collectively those construc-

tions or devices, (except sewers, and except constructions or devices
used for the pretreatment of wastewater prior to its introduction into

-21-


Idaho
(con't)

Receiving Waters: those waterways which receive pollutants from
point or nonpoint souress.

Schedule of Compliance: A schedule of remedial measures which
may include an enforceable sequence of actions or operations leading
to compliance with an effluent limitation, other limitation, prohi-
bition, or standard.

Secondary Treatment: Processes or methods for the supplemental
treatment of wastewater, usually following primary treatment, to
affect additional improvement in the quality of the treated wastes by
biological means of varius types which are designed to remove or
modify organic matter.

Sewage: The water-carried human or animal waste from residences,
buildings, industrial establishments or other places, together with
such groundwater infiltration and surface water as may be present.

Sludge: The semi-liquid mass produced by partial dewatering of
potable or spent process waters of the wastewater.

State: The State of Idaho

Subsurface Disposal: Disposal of effluent below ground surface,
including, but not limited to drainfields or sewage bec&

Treatment: A process or activity conducted for the purpose of
removing pollutants from wastewater.

Unique Ecological Significance: The attribute of any stream or water
body which is inhabited or supports an endangered species of plant or
animal, which provides anadromous fish passage, or which provides
spawing or rearing for anadromous or lake dwelling fishes.

Wastewater: Unless otherwise specified, sewage, industrial waste,
agricultural waste, and associated solids or combinations of these,
whether treated or untreated, plus any runoff from the land.

Water Pollution: Any alteration of the physical, thermal, chemical
biological, or radioactive properties of any waters of the State, or
the discharge of any pollutant into the waters of the State, which will
or is likely to create a nuisance or to the render such waters harmful,
detrimental or injurious to public health, safety or welfare, or to
domestic, commercial, industrial, recreational, aesthetic, or other
beneficial uses.

Waters and Waters of the State: All the accumulations of water,
surface and underground, natural and artificial, public and private, or
parts thereof which are wholly or partially within, which flow through
or border upon the State, except those privately or publicly owned
man-made waterways or impoundments designed and utilized exclu-
sively as a component of a wastewater treatment system.

-11-


us. Environmental Protection AgeRey

fegion v, Library
229 South Dearbora Street gr
Chicago, tuinois & OA :


Kentucky
(con't)

(f) "Effluent ditch" means that portion of a treatment system which
is a discreet, person-made conveyance, either totally owned, leased
or under proper easement by the discharger, which transports a
discharge to waters of the Commonwealth.

(g) "Epilimnion" m ans the thermally homogeneous water layer over-
lying the metalimnion (thermocline) of a lake.

(h) "Eutrophication" means the enrichment of waters of the State by
the discharge or addition of nutrients.

(i) "Feeal coliform" means the portion of the coliform group which is
present in the gut or the feces of warm-blooded animals. It generally
includes organisms which are capable of producing gas from lactose
broth in a suitable culture medium within twenty-four (24) hours at
44.5 degrees plus or minus 0.2 degrees C.

(j) "Hypolimnion" means the lower cold region of a stratified body of
water that extends from the metalimnion to the bottom of the lake
and circulation is restricted while stratified with the upper waters
thereby receiving no oxygen from the atmosphere.

(k) "Indigenous aquatic life’ means naturally occurring aquatic
organisms including but not limited to bacteria, fungi, e, aquatic
insects, other aquatic invertebrates, reptiles and amphibians, and
fishes. Under some natural conditions one (1) or more of the above
groups may be absent from any given surface water.

(1) "Intermittent stream" means a stream that flows at certain times
of the year as when it receives water from springs or precipitation in
the immediate watershed.

(m) "LC," is used to express the results of bioassays having
lethality‘as the criterion of toxicity. A numerical percentage is used
to indicate the percentage of the test animals killed at a given
concentration.

(n) "Low flow Geven (7) day, once-in-ten (10) year low flow)" means
that minimum average flow which occurs for seven (7) consecutive
days with a recurrence interval of ten (10) years.

(0) "Low flow stream" means that portion of a watercourse where
the low flow (not attributable to discharges and other hydraulic
alterations) is one (1) cubic foot per second or less.

(p) "Median tolerance limit (TLm)" is a measure of the concentration
at which fifty (50) percent of the organisms survive.

(q) "Milligrams per liter (mg/l)" means the milligrams of substance

per liter of solution, and is equivalent to parts per million in water
assuming unit density.

-29-


New Hampshire
(con't)

New Ji ersey”"

pH: The index of hydrogen ion activity, used as an indication of
acidity or alkalinity in water. The pH of most waters ranges from 6.5
to 8.5, and most uses of water, such as aquatic life propagation,
prosper at these levels.

Pollutant: Any introduced gas, solid or liquid matter which renders a
resource unfit for a specific ue.

Surface Waters of the State: Streams, lakes, ponds and tidal waters
within the jurisdiction of the State, including all streams, lakes or
ponds bordering on the State, marshes, water courses and other
bodies of water, natural or artificial.

Sewage: The water-carried waste products from buildings, public or
private, together with such ground water infiltration and surface
water as may be present.

Temperature: A measure of heat content. Extreme temperatures
primarily affect the aquatic life use of waters. While temperature is
affected by natural conditions, man has a significant effect by the
construction and operation of dams and the discharge of cooling
waters from industrial processes, particularly power generation.

Toxic Materials: Poisonous compounds which kill, injure or impair an
organism usually through chemical actions. Example of toxic
materials are pesticides and many heavy metals.

Warm- and Cold-Water Fish: Warm-water fish include bass, sunfish,
eat-fish, suckers, ete: cold water fish include salmon and trout,
whitefish, smelts, shad, ete.

Waste: Unused, unwanted, or otherwise rejected matter.

The following words and terms shall have the following meanings
unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.

Agricultural Water Supply - Water used for livestock or irrigation.

Ambient Temperature -- The temperature of a water body unaffected
by the localized heated waste discharge or discharge complex.

Anadromous Fish -- Fish that spend a part of their lives in the sea or
lakes, but ascend rivers to spawn.

Aquatic Substrata — Soil material and attached biota underlying the
water.

Biota — The animal and plant life of the region; flora and fauna
collectively

Department -- New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection.

-53-+


Pennsylvania
(con't)

Carcinogenic — Producting cancer

Clean Streams Law — The Clean Streams Law (35 P.S. §$ 691.1-
691.1001).

Clean Water Act — 33 U.S.C. § 1251 et seq.

Cumulative pollutant —- A pollutant which is measurably increased in
concentration within aquatic organisms relative to concentrations in
the receiving waters.

Daily average — The arithmetic average of all determinations made
during a calendar month.

Daily determination — The arithmetic average of all determinations
made during a 24-"y1- 927i0 1.

Department — The Department of Environmental Resources of the
Commonwealth.

Effluent limits — Any restriction established by the Department on
quantities, rates, and concentrations of pollutants which are dis-
charged into the waters of this Commonwealth.

Epilimnion — Warm upper layer of nearly uniform temperature in a
stratified body of water, such as a lake or impoundment.

Existing potable water supply — A source of water supply which is
presently being used by humans after conventional treatment for
drinking, culinary and other purposes, such as inclusion in food
products, after conventional treatment.

Existing sensitive industrial water supply — An existing industrial
water supply use which would require installation of additional water
treatment by the industrial user in the event that the total dissolved
solids concentration instream exceeds 500 mg/l as a monthly average
and 750 mg/l at any one time.

LC50 value -- The concentration of a pollutant in test waters that is
lethal to 50% of the test organisms during continuous exposure for a
specified period of time.

Maximum allowable daily load (MDL) -- The maximum amount of a
pollutant from point and nonpoint sources which the receiving waters
ean assimilate at the accepted design stream flow without endan-
gering the achievement of water quality standaré.

Mutagenic —- Producing adverse changes in the genes.
Noncumulative pollutant — A pollutant which is not measurably

increased in concentration within aquatic organisms relative to
concentrations in the receiving waters.

-T1-


Indiana
(con't)

Indigenous - An organism growing and reproducing in a particular
region.

Mixing Zone - An area contiguous to a discharge where, as a result of
said discharge, receiving water quality may not meet all water
quality standards. Any time an effluent is added to a receiving
waterway where the effluent is poorer in quality, there will be a zone
of mixing. The mixing zone should be considered a place where
wastes and receiving waters mix and not as a place where effluents
are treated.

Partial Body Contact - Any contact with water up to, but not
including, complete submergence.

Point Source - A discernible, confined and discrete conveyance, from
which wastewater is or may be discharged to the waters of the State.

Policy - As employed herein, a statement of administrative practice
or decision-making guidelines to be followed or implemented to the
maximum extent feasible with respect to an identified problematic
situation but to be less than strictly enforceable in contrast to a
standard or rule of law.

Potable Water Supply - Water considered satisfactory for domestic
consumption which has physical, chemical, and bacteriological quali-
ties that meet the requirements set forth in applicable State Board of
Health and/or Environmental Management Board regulations.

Public Water Supply - Any wells, reservoirs, lakes, rivers, sources of
supply, pumps, mains, pipes, facilities, and structures through which
water is obtained, treated as may be required, and supplied through a
water distribution system for sale to or consumption by the public for
drinking, domestic, or other purposes, including State-owned faci-
lities even though the water may not be sold to the public.

Secondary Treatment - Municipal waste water treatment facilities
shall be defined as those necessary to meet 40 CFR, Part 133.
Secondary treatment for combined sewer overflows shall be deter-
mined by the Board.

Semi-Public Wastewaters - Domestic wastewaters which are public in
eharacter although collected and treated by an entity other than a
Federal, State, or Municipal governmental entity (with the exception
of rural school corporations). An example would be wastewaters
from a mobile home park or residential subdivision located outside
municipal corporation boundaries which are collected and treated by
a privately-owned sewage treatment facility.

Standard - A definite numerical value or narrative statement promul-

gated by the Board to maintain or enhance water quality to provide
for and fully protect a designated use of the waters of the State.

-23-


District of
Columbia (con't)

Guam

concentrations are generally due to excessive organic solid dis-
charged as a result of inadequately treated waste (having high BOD);
excessive algae growths may cause vastly fluctuating dissolved
oxygen levels, and other factors such as temperature and water
movement have an impact on dissolved oxygen levels.

Interstate Waters - To the extent they are within the geographic
boundaries of the District of Columbia the following waters are
interstate waters: Potomac River, Anacostia River, Rock Creek, and
Oxon Run.

PH - The index of hydrogen ion activity, used as an indication of
acidity or alkalinity in waters. The pH of most waters ranges from
6.5 to 8.5, and most uses of water, such as aquatic life propagation,
pros per at these levels. In most cases, a pH outside this range is due
to discharge of industrial wastes or decaying organic vegetation.

Pollution - The addition of sewage, industrial wastes or other harmful
or objectionable material to water at a concentration or in sufficient
quantity to result in measurable degradation of water quality.

Suspended Solid - Solid that either float on the surface of, or are in
suspension in water, wastewater, or other liquié, and which are
largely removable by laboratory filtering. Also referred to as
nonfilterable residue.

Sewage - (1) The water supply of a community after it has been used
and discharged into a sewer, (2) wastewater from the sanitary
conveniences of dwellings, business buildings, factories and other
institutions.

Temperature - A measure of the heat content of water. While stream
temperature is affected naturally, man significantly affects it
through the construction and operation of dams and the discharge of
cooling waters from industrial processes, particularly power
generation.

Toxie Materials - Materials which are harmful to human, plant,
animal or aquatic life. These may include hundreds of compounds
present in various waters such eas industrial waste discharges or
runoff from where pesticides have been applied.

"Adversely affect" shall mean damage to the waters of the Territory
that results in any of the following:

1. substantial increase in abundance or distribution of any specie.
not representative of the highest community development achievable
inreceiving waters of comparable quality;

2. asubstantial decrease of formerly indigenous specie;

-89-


Alaska (con't)

(31) "pollution" means the contamination or altering of waters, land
or subsurface land of the state in a manner which creates a nuisance
or makes waters, land or subsurface land unclean, or noxious, or
impure, or unfit so that they are actually or potentially harmful or
detrimental or injurious to public health, safety or welfare, to
domestic, commercial, industrial, or recreational use, or to livestock,
wild animals, birds, fish or other aquatic life;

(32) "residues" means floating solids, debris, sludge deposits, foam,
scum or any other materials or substances remaining in a water body
as a result of a direct or proximate activity of man;

(33) "secondary recreation" means recreation activities in which
water use is incidental, accidental or sensory, and includes fishing,
boating, camping, hunting, hiking and vacationing;

(34) "sediment" means solid material or organic or miniral origin that
is transported by, suspended in, or deposited from water; it includes
chemical and biochemical precipitates and organic material such as
humus;

(35) "sheen" means an irridescent appearance on the surface of the
water;

(36) "sodium absorption ratio" (SAR) means the estimate of the
degree to which sodium will be absorbed in soil from a given water,
8s proposed by the U. S. Salinity Laboratory, U. S. Department of
Agriculture, Handbook 60, expressed as the quotient of the sodium
ion concentration and the square root of one-half the sum of the
calcium and magnesium ion concentrations.

(37) "spawning" means the process of producing, emitting or depo-
siting eggs, sperm, seed, germ, larvae, young or juveniles, especially
in large numbers by aquatic life, including fish, shellfish, amphibians,
mollusks and crustaceans;

(38) "thermocline" means the layer of water between a warmer,
surface zone and a colder, deep-water zone in a thermally stratified
body of water, in which the water temperature decreases rapidly with
depth;

(39) "total aromatic hydrocarbon" (TAH) means those water accom-
modated compounds having at least one aromatic ring and includes
the following functional groups; oxyaromatics, heterocyclic com-
pounds, benzene family mononuclear aromatics, and polynuclear
aromatic hydrocarbons;

(40) "total hydrocarbons" (TH) means those compounds measured
using Gruenfields IR partition infrared methods as specified in the
14th Edition of Standards Methods for the Examination of Waste-
water (method 502 B); samples collected in marine waters for Th


Pennsylvania
(con't)

Rhode Istand*®

Representative important species -- Those species of aquatic life
whose protection and propagation will assure the sustained presence
of a balanced indigenous community. Suchspecie are representative
in the sense that maintenance of water quality criteria will assure
both the natural completion of the species’ life cycles and the overall
protection and sustained propagation of the balanced indigenous
community.

Safe concentration value -- An estimted pollutant concentration as
may be determined by the Department from relevant aquatic field
studies, substantial available scientific literature, or bioassay tests
tailored to the ambient quality of the receiving waters which will
allow the survival of representative important species that have been
chronically exposed to the concentration in the receiving waters.

State water plan — The reports, studies, inventories and plans
prepared by the Department to guide the conservation, development,
and administration of the Commonwealth's water and related land
resouces as authorized by 71 P 3510-4,

Tetratogenic -- Producing monstrosities, malformations, or extreme
deviations from the normal structure of life forms.

Testwater — a receiving water directly upstream from a waste
discharge which is relatively unaffected by human activities, or a
reconstituted water which approximates the ambient chemical
characteristics of these receiving waters.

Total dissolved solid& -- The portion of the toal residue of water
eapable of passing through a standard glass fiber filter -- Reeve-
Angel type 934A, 984H; Gelman Type A; or equivalent — and which
remains after evaporation and drying to a constant weight at a
temperature of 103° - 105°C.

Water-quality-based effluent limitations -- An effluent limitation
based on the need to attain or maintain specific water quality
criteria in order to assure protection of a designated use.

Water quality criteria — Levels of parameters or stream conditions
that need to be maintained or attained to prevent or eliminate
pollution.

Water quality standards -- The combination of water uses to be
protected and the water quality criteria necessary to protect those
uses.

"administrator" shall mean the administrator of the United States
Environmental Protection Agency or his designee.

"bypass" shall mean the intentional diversion of wastes from any
portion of a Wastewater Treatment Facility.

"cause" shall mean cause, suffer, or allow.

-72-


South Dakota
(con't)

(10) "E.P.A. methods" Methods for Chemical Analysis of Waters and
Wastes, 1971, Environmental Protection Agency, analytical quality
control laboratory

(11) "Degrees F" degrees Fahrenheit, a measure of temperature

(12) "Handbook 69" Maximum Permissible Body Burdens and Maximum
Permissible Concentrations of Radionuclides in Air and in Water for
Occupational Exposure, recommendations of the national committee
on radiation protection. National Bureau of Standards handbook 69
(August 1963)

(13) "Immersion recreation" a beneficial use assigned to waters which
are suitable for uses where the human body may come in direct
contact with the water, to the point of complete submersion and
where water may be ingested accidentally or certain sensitive organs
such as the eyes, ears, and nose may be exposed to it

(14) "Irrigation" a beneficial use assigned to waters which are suitable
for irrigating farm lands, ranch lands, gardens and recreational areas

(15) "J.C.U.," jackson candle unit, a measure of turbidity

(16) "Lake" a navigable lake, pond, or reservoir, created by either
natural or aritificial means, for which there exists a right of public
access OF use;

(17) "Limited contact recreation" a beneficial use assigned waters
which are suitable for boating, fishing and other water related
recreation other than immersion recreation

(18) "Median tolerance limit" the concentration of a toxic material or
materials which kills fifty percent of bioassay test organisms inninety-
six hours

(19) "M.F." membrance filter, a term used to signify that the number
of bacteria was determined by means of the mebrane filter technique

(20) "mg/l" milligrams per liter, a measure of concentration’

(21) "micromhos/em" micromhos per centimeter, a measure of
electrical conductivity

(22) "Mixing zone" that volume of water immediately surrounding a
discharge which does not meet water quality criteria because of a
lack of mixing of the discharge and stream or lake waters

(23) "MPN" most probably number, a term used to signify that the
number of bacteria was determined by means of the multiple-tude
fermentation technique

(24) "Parameter" a chemical, physical or biological characteristic
which affects the use of the water

-78-


36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
AT
48

49

Pages 901:0501-0505, November 3, 1978
Pages 906:0501-0506, October 13, 1978
Pages 911:0501-0507, June 22, 1979
Pages 916:0541-0544, April 14, 1978
Pages 921:1001-1003, August 13, 1976
Pages 926:0541-0563, January 26, 1979
Pages 931:0501-0508, May 26, 1978
Pages 936:1001-1003, June 27, 1975
Pages 941:1001-1005, May 26, 1978
Pages 946:0501-0520, July 14, 1978
Pages 951:1002-1003, April 28, 1978
Pages 956:1001-1007, January 11, 1980
Page 741:1002, November 23, 1979

Pages 896:0301-0310, March 31, 1978


South Carolina
(con't)

3. Direct Water contact -- shall mean an activity where the human
body may come into direct contact with water to the point of
complete submergence, including but not limited to activitie such as
swimming, water skiing andskin diving.

4, Fishing — shall mean the taking, harvesting, catching and the
propagation of fish or shelifish.

5. Mixing zone, as used in Section III, Number 11, -- shall mean a
designated area within which specified water quality standards are
not applicable. The boundary of this zone shall be determined by the
Department of Health and Environmental Control on an individual
project basis after consideration of the waste discharge and the
receiving waters. A mixing zone shall not prevent free passage of
fish and shall not interfere with the designated use outside its
established boundary.

6. Natural or naturally occurring values -- shall mean for all of the
waters of the Stae:

(a) those water quality characteristics (physical, chemical and
biological) which exist unaffected by — or unaffected as a conse-
quence of — any water use by any person; or,

(b) those water quality characteristics (physical, chemical and
biological) which exist unaffected by the discharge, or direct or
indirect deposit of, any solid, liquid or gaseous substance by any
person or as a result of any cultural activity.

7. Point of discharge — shall mean that location in or adjacent to a
body of water at which any liquid, solid or gaseous substances are
discharged or deposited.

8. Propagation — shall mean the continuance of species by generation
or successive production in the natural environment, as opposed to
the maintenance of species by artificial culture and stocking.

9. Source of water supply for drinking, culinary or food processing
purposes -~ shall mean any source, either public or private, the
waters from which are used for domestic consumption, or used in
connection with the processing of milk, beverages, food or for other
purposes which require finished water meeting regulations established
pursuant to Section 1412 of the Public Health Service Act as
amended by the Safe Drinking Water Act (Public Law 93-523) and
related regulations applicable to public water systems.

10. Swamp waters — shall mean those waters which have been
exposed for a substantial period of time to conditions which cause
these waters to have all of the following natural characteristics:

(a) waters having those physieal/chemical (i.e. low velocity, low
dissolved oxygen, color, low pH) and biological characteristics found

-76-


Wyoming
(con't)

(6) Definition of institutional roles, responsibilities and assignments
for planning and implementation activities;

(7) Priorities for action;

(8) Procedures for public participation, local government involve-
ment, conflict resolution performance, evaluation, plan update and
formal amendments.

bb. State Program Plan — A report submitted on an annual basis by
the State to the EPA, under the requirements of Section 106 of the
Federal Act. This document outlines the State's water pollution
eontrol goals for the ensuing fiscal year.

ec. Surface Waters of the State — All permanent and intermittent
defined drainages and lakes and reservoirs which are not man-made
retention ponds, used for the treatment of municipal, agricultural or
industrial waste; and all other bodies of surface water, either public
or private which are wholly or partially within the boundaries of the
State. Nothing in this definition is intended to expand the scope of
the Environmental Quality Act, as limited in Wyoming Statutes, Sec.
35-11-1104(e).

dd. Toxic Materials - Those materials or combinations of materials
including disease causing agents, which, after discharge and upon
exposure, ingestion, inhalation or assimilation into any environ-
mentally significant organism, either directly from the environment
or indirectly by ingestion through food chains, will, on the basis of
information available to the Administrator of the EPA, cause death,
disease, behavioral abnormalities, cancer, genetic malfunctions,
physiological malfunctions (including malfunctions in reproduction) or
physical deformations insuch organisms or their offspring.

ee. Tributary — Those streams or stream segments which flow into or
contribute water to another stream, stream segment or other water

body.

ff. Warm Water Fishery — A water body which is managed by the
Wyoming Game and Fish Department primarily for one or more of the
following species: Bass (Micropterus); Catfish (Ictalurus punctatus);
Crappie (Pomoxis); Ling (Lota lota); Perch (Perea flavescens); and
Sunfish (Lepomis).

gg. Wyoming Surface Waters — Shall have the same meaning as
"surface waters of the State" defined in Section 2.ce.

hh. Zone of Passage — A continuous water route which joins segments

of a surface water body above and below a mixing zone without
passing through the mixing zone.

-87-


New Jersey
(con't)

New Mexico

28

Thermocline — The middle layer of a stratified body of water in
which the drop in temperature equals or exceed 1.8 degrees F (1
degree C) per meter of depth.

Thermal Alterations -- The increase or decrease in temperature of
surface waters above or below the natural that may be caused by the
activities of man.

Trout Maintenance Waters — Waters that support trout throughout the
year or which have high potential for such use pending the correction
of short term environmental alterations. Waters in which the biotic
community is manipulated for the purpose of trout maintenance and
which are otherwise not naturally suited for such purposes are not
included.

Trout Production Waters — Waters that are used by trout for
spawning and/or nursery purposes during their first summer; or which
are considered to have high potential for such use pending the
correction of short term environmental alterations.

Wildlife — All undomesticated animals or fowl.

Coldwater fishery - A stream reach, lake or impoundment where the
water temperature and other characteristics are suitable for the
support of coldwater fishes such as brown, cutthroat, brook, or
rainbow trout.

efs - Cubie feet per second

Domestic Water Supply - A surface water used for drinking or
culinary purposes with minimal treatment; for example, by recrea-
tional users or residents of mountain areas. (Note: Although
bacterial quality in mountain streams is generally good and the
ingestion of disease-causing organisms is unlikely, disinfection of
these waters is recommended prior to human consumption in light of
increasing recreational and grazing activity in mountain watersheds).

Fecal Coliform - The portion of the coliform group which is present
in the gut or the feces of warmblooded animals. It generally includes
organisms which are capable of producing gas fdrom lactose broth in
asuitable culture medium with 24 hours at 44.5° - 0.05°C.

Fish Culture - Production of cold or warm water fish in a hatchery or
rearing station.

FTU - Formazin Turbidity Units Gee Standard Methods for the
Examination of Water and Wastewater).

High Quality Coldwater fishery - A perennial stream reach in an
essentially primordial condition which has considerable esthetic
value. A stream which isa superior coldwater fishery habitat.

-55-


Nevada
(con't)

"Sewage" means the water-carried human or animal waste from
residences, buildings, industrial establishments, feedlots, or other
places, together with such groundwater infiltration and surface water
as may be present. The mixture of sewage with wastes and/or
industrial wastes shall also be considered sewage within the meaning
of these regulations.

"Source" m ans any building, structure, facility, or installation from
which there is or may be the discharge of pollutants.

"Standard of performance" means a standard for the control of the
discharge of pollutants which reflects the greatest degree of effluent
reduction which the Administrator determines to be achievable
through application of the best available demonstrated control tech-
nology, processes, operating methods, or other alternatives,
including, where practicable, a standard permitting no discharge of
pollutants.

"Toxic materials’ means any material appearing on the list developed
by the Administrator pursuant to Section 307(a) of the Act.

"Treatment or waste treatment" means the stabilization or alteration
of the quality of waste waters by physical, biological, or chemical
means, or a combination thereof, for the purpose of reducing or
eliminating adverse effects on water quality, such that the tendency
of said wastes to cause any degradation in water quality or other
environmental conditions is reduced or eliminated.

"Treatment works" means:

Any devices and systems used in the storage, treatment, recycling,
and reclamation of municipal sewage or industrial wastes of a liquid
nature, including intercepting sewers, outfall sewers, sewage
collection systems, pumping, power and other equipment, and their
appurtenances:

Extensions, improvements, remodeling, additions, and alterations of
any device or system mentioned above

Units essential to provide a reliable recycled supply such as standby
treatment units and clear well facilities

Any works, including site acquisition of the land that will be an
integral part of the treatment process or is used for ultimate dis posal
of residues resulting from such treatment; and

Any other method or system for preventing, abating, reducing,
storing, treating, separating or disposing of municipal waste,
including storm water runoff, industrial waste or waste in combined
storm water and sanitary sewer systems.

-51-


Hawaii?

"Ambient conditions" means the existing conditions in surrounding
waters not influenced my man.

"Brackish waters" means waters with dissolved inorganic ions (sali-
nity) greater than 500 ppm (parts per million), but less than 30,000
ppm.

"Fresh waters" means all waters with dissolved inorganic ions of less
than 500 ppm.

"Saline waters" means water with dissolved inorganic ions greater
than 30,000 ppm.

"State waters" means all waters, fresh, brackish, or salt, around and
within the State of Hawaii which includes all the islands of the
Hawaiian Archipelago together with their appurtenant reefs and
waters except the Midway Islané.

"Best degree of treatment or control" means that treatment or
control which is required by applicable statutes and regulations of the
State of Hawaii and the Federal Water Pollution Control Act, as
amended, or which is otherwise specified by the Director considering
technology or management practices currently available in relation
to the public interest.

"Streams" means seasonal or continuous water flowing in all or part
of natural channels as a result of either surface water runoff or
ground water influx, or both. Streams may be either "perennial" or
"intermittent".

"Perennial streams" means fresh waters flowing down altitudinal
gradients in definite natural channels, portions of which may be
modified. In such streams, flowing water is present all year though
volume may vary. Such streams may be continuous, with water
flowing to the ocean all year, or interrupted, having flow and/or
ecologicaly significat bodies of water only in parts of the channel,
with seasonal discharge to the ocean.

"Intermittent streams' means fresh water flowing down altitudinal
gradients in definite natural channels only during part of the year.

"Springs and seeps' means small, perennial, relatively constant fresh
water flows not in distinct channels, such as wet films, or trickles
over rock surfaces, in which the watr: emanates from elevated
aquifers. Springs and seeps may be either stream associated,
oceurring in deeply cut valleys and contributing to stream flow: or
coastal, occurring on coastal cliffs and usually flowing into the
ocean.

"Natural lakes" means deep standing water that is always fresh, in
well-defined natural basins.

-13-


Michigan
(con't)

(b) "Application factor means a numerical factor applied to the TL_,
or concentration producing other effect end points to provide the
concentration of a toxic substance that would be safe for test
organisms in the waters of the state.

(ec) "Best practicable waste treatment technology for control of total
phosphorus" means chemical-physical or chemical-physical-biological
treatment processes, including but not limited to treatment with
aluminum salts, iron salts, or lime in conjunction with appropriate
coagulant chemicals, settling or filtration or both, with operation and
management of the treatment facilities and the process to achieve
optimum phosphorus removal rates, or equivalent treatment.

(a) "Anadromous salmonids" means those trout and salmon which
ascend streams to spawn.

(e) "Coldwater fish" m ‘ans those fishs pecies whose populations thrive
in relatively cold water, including but not limited to trout, salmon,
whitefish, and cisco.

(f) "Connecting waterways" means the St. Marys river, Keweenaw
waterway, Detroit river, St. Clair river and lake St. Clair.

(g) "Designated use" means a use of the waters of the state as
established by these rules, including but not limited to industrial,
agricultural and public water supply; recreation; fish, and other
aquatic life and wildlife; and navigation.

(h) "Dissolved oxygen" means the amount of oxygen dissolved in
water, commonly expressed as a concentration in terms of milligrams
per liter.

(i) "Dissolved solids" means the amount of materials dissolved in
water commonly expressed as a concentration in terms of milligrams
per liter.

(j) "Effluent" means a wastewater discharged from a point source to
the waters of the state.

(k) "Fecal coliform" means a type of coliform bacteria found in the
intestinal tract of humans and other warm-blooded animals.

(1) "Fish, other aquatic life, and wildlife use" means the use of the
waters of the state by fish, other aquatic life and wildlife for any
life history stage or activity.

(m) "Industrial water supply" means a water source not protected for
public water supply and intended for use in commercial or industrial
applications and non-contact food processing.

(n) "Mixing zone" means a region of a water body which receives a
wastewater discharge of a different quality than the receiving
waters, and within which the water quality standards as prescribed by
these rules do not apply.

-42-


Missouri
(con't)

Montana’

23

(F) Epilimnion: Zone of atmospheric mixing in a thermostratified
lake.

(G) Hypolimnion: Zone beneath the zone of atmospheric mixing in a
thermostratified lake.

(H) Aquifer: A subsurface water-bearing bed or stratum of sand,
gravel or bedrock which stores or transmits water in recoverable
quantities.

() Losing stream: A stream which distributes 30% or more of its flow
through natural processes, such as through permeable subsoil and/or
cavernous bedrock, into groundwater.

(J) Fecal coliform bacteria: A group of bacteria present in intestines
of warm-blooded animals which indicates the possible presence of
pathogenic organisms.

(K) Un-ionized ammonia: The toxic form of ammonia; higher pH and
higher temperature will cause a larger percentage to exist in the un-
ionized form,

(L) 96-Hour LC,, (TLm): Concentration of a toxicant which would be
expected to kill B0% of the individuals of the test species in 96 hours.

(M) Regulated-flow streams: A stream that derives a majority of its
flow from a flow-regulating structure.

(N) Mixing zone: An area of initial dilution of effluent in the
receiving water.

(O) Zone of passage: A continuous water route of the volume, area
and quality necessary to allow passage of free-swimming and drifting
organisms with no significant effects produced on their populations.

(P) 7-day, onee-in-ten-year low flow (7-day, Q10): The average
minimum flow for seven consecutive days that has a recurrence
interval of once in ten years.

Unies statutory definition or the context otherwise requires in this
rule:

"Conduit" means any artificial or natural duct, either open or closed,
for conveying liquids or other fluids.

"Dewatered stream" means a perennial or intermittent stream whose
water has been removed for one or more beneficial uses.

"EPA" means the U. S. Environmental Protection Agency.
"Intermittent stream" means a stream or portion of a stream that
flows only in direct response to precipitation; it receives little or no

water from springs and no long-continued supply from melting snow
or other sources.

-46-


Rhode Island
(con't)

South Carolina

37

“severe property damage" shall mean substantial physical damage to
property, damage to the treatment facilities which would cause them
to become inoperable or substantial and permanent loss of natural
resources which can reasonably be expected to occur in the absence
of a bypass. Severe property damage does not mean economic loss
caused by delays in production.

"sewage" shall mean any human or animal excremental liquid or
substance, any decomposed animal or vegetable matter, garbage,
offal, filth, or waste.

"storm water sewer" shall mean a conveyance or system of conve-
yance (including but not limited to pipes, conduits, ditehes, and
channels) primarily used for collecting and conveying storm water
runoff.

"surface water degradation; degradation" shall mean reduction in
attained or attainable levels of one or more water quality criteria.

"system or means of wastewater treatment" or treatment works"
shall mean any method, devices or system for preventing abating,
reducing, storing, treating, separating, recycling, reclaiming or dis-
posing of sewage or other waste, including storm water runoff and
sewage or other waste in combined storm water and sanitary sewer
systems.

“treatment works" inelude intercepting sewers, outfall sewers,
sewage collectionsystems and the land that will be an integral part of
the treatment process (including land use for the storage of treated
wastewater in land treatment systems prior to land application) or is
used for ultimate disposal of residue resulting from such treatment.

Wastewater Treatment Facilities include pumping, power, and other
equipment and their appurtenances, and elements essential to provide
a reliable recycled suply such as standby treatment units and clear
well facilities.

"water quality limited waters" shall be as defined in paragraph 9.012
of these regulations.

"waters of the State or 'WatersTM shall mean all surface waters of the
State of Rhode Island, including all tidewaters within the State and all
inland waters of any river, stream, brook, pond or lake.

1. Agricultural — shall include use of water for stock watering,
irrigation and other farm purposes.

2. Conventional treatment as applying to potable water supplis —

shall mean treatment including at least flocculation, sedimentation,
filtration and disinfection.

-75-


Colorado (con't)

Connecticut®

Delaware?

(18) "WATERS OF THE STATE" means any and all surface and
subsurface waters which are contained in or flow in or through this
State except waters in sewage system, waters in treatment works of
dis posal systems, waters in potable water distribution systems, and
all water withdrawn for use until use and treatment have been
completed. "Waters of the State", "waters', "State waters", and
“water bodies" are used interchangeably and mean surface and
groundwaters of Colorado coming under the above definition. When-
ever only surface or only groundwater is intended, the wording shall
specifically designate which is intended.

(19) "WATER QUALITY STANDARD" means standard.
Not specified

Agiculture: The use of land in the production of food, fibre, and
timber products.

Anadromous Fish: Any species of fish which mature in the sea, and
migrate upstrearn tospawn.

Antidegradation: Any action or plan of action which stops or reverses
the lowering of water quality.

Department: Department of Natural Resources and Environmental
Control.

Degradation: Any adverse change in water quality.

Designated Water uses: Primary assignment for a stream segment as
set forth by the Department herein at Section 8.

Drainage: The process of reducing the amount of water from the soil.

Fish, Aquatie L:fe & Wildlife: All animal life found in Delaware,
either indigenous or migratory, considered game or not, including any
and all endangered species and eggs thereof.

Food Web: The complex feeding relationships between all species.

High Quality Waters: Waters whole quality as determined by the
Department is better than the established water quality standard for
one or more specified parameters.

Industrial Water Supply: Any stream or impoundment used as a
source of water for any industrial purpose, including non-contact
cooling.

LC-50 Value: The concentration of pollutant in waters that is lethal
to 50% of the test organisms during a specified period of time.

Mixing Zone: A mixing zone is an area contiguous to a discharge
where receiving water quality may meet neither all quality criteria
nor requirements otherwise applicable to the receiving water.
Requirements for mixing zones are described in Section 5.

~8-


Nevada
(con't)

"Origin" means all waters tributary to those waters being classified
and are considered a part of the waters being classified unless
otherwise designated.

"Permit" means a written authorization to discharge pollutants into
the waters of the stae in accordance with the Act, the law, and the
regulations promulgated thereunder.

"Person" means:

The state or any agency or institution thereof, any individual,
partnership, firm, private corporation, trust, estate, commission,
board, public or private institution, utility, cooperative, municipality
or other political subdivision of this state, any interstate body or any
other legal entity.

Includes the United States, to the extent authorized by federal law.

"Point source" means any discernible, confined and discrete
conveyance, including but not limited to any pipe, ditch, channel,
tunnel, conduit, well, discrete fissure, container, rolling stock,
concentrated animal feeding operation, or vessel or other floating
craft, from which pollutants are or may be discharged.

"Pollutant" means:

Dredged spoil, solid waste, incinerator residue, sewage, garbage,
sewage sludge, munitions, chemical wastes, biological materials, and
radioactive materials, heat, wrecked or discarded equipment, rock,
sand, cellar dirt, and industrial, municipal, and agricultural waste
discharge into water:

Does not mean water, gas, or other material which is injected into
a well to facilitate production of oil or gas, or water derived in
association with oil or gas production and disposed of in a well, if the
well is used either for facilitating production or for dis posal purposes
and if the Department determines that such injection or disposal will
not result in the degradation of ground or surface water resources.

"Pollution" means the man-made or man-induced alteration of the
chemical, physical, biological, and radiological integrity of water.

"Pretreatment standards" means the standards promulgated under
Section 307(b) of the Act.

"Refuse Act application" means the application for a permit under
Section 13 of the Rivers and Harbors Act of March 3, 1899.

"Regional Administrator" means the Regional Administrator of the
United States Environmental Protection Agency, Region IX.

-50-


INTRODUCTION

This digest is compiled to provide general information to the public as well as to
Federal, State, and local officials. It contains excerpts from the individual
Federal-State water quality standards establishing pollutant specific criteria for
interstate surface waters. The water quality standards program is implemented by
the U. S. Environmental Protection Agency where responsibility for providing
water quality recommendations, approving State-adopted standards for interstate
waters, evaluating adherence to the standards, and overseeing enforcement of
standards compliance, has been mandated by Congress.

Standards, a nationwide strategy for surface water quality management, contain
three major elements: the use (recreation, drinking water, fish and wildlife
propagation, industrial, or agricultural) to be made of the navigable water; criteria
to protect these uses; and an antidegradation statement to protect existing high
quality waters, from degradation by the addition of pollutants.

Water quality criteria (numerical or narrative specifications) for physical,
chemical, temperature, and biological constituents are stated in the July 1976 U. S.
Environmental Protection Agency publication Quality Criteria for Water (QCW),
available from the Government Printing Office, Washington, D. C. The 1976 QCW,
commonly referred to as the "Red Book," is the most current compilation of
scientific information used by the Agency as a basis for assessing water quality.
This publication is subject to periodic updating and revisions in light of new
scientific and technical information.

This digest is a compilation of key terms and definitions which are employed by a
given state in implementing its Water Quality Standards program. The under-
standing of these terms and definitions has become increasingly important as more
public and local government interests focus on the attainability of goals outlined by
Clean Water Act. Increased importance is also given to these terms as more inter-
state program coordination is accomplished.

Since water quality standards experience revisions and upgrading from time to
time, following procedures set forth in the Clean Water Act, individual entries in
this digest may be superseded. As these revisions are accomplished and allowing
for the States to revise their standards accordingly, this digest will be updated and
reissued. Because this publication is not intended for use other than as a general
information resource, to obtain the latest information and for special purposes and
applications, the reader needs to refer to the current approved water quality
standard. These can be obtained from the State water pollution control agencies
or the EPA or Regional Offices.

Individual State-adopted definitions follow:


Oklahoma
(con't)

Nephelometrice turbidity (unit (NTU) - This method is based upon a
comparison of the intensity of light scattered by the sample under
defined conditions with the intensity of light scattered by a standard
reference suspension (formazin). The higher the intensity of
scattered light, the higher the turbidity. Readings in NTU's are
considered comparable to the previously reported Jackson Turbidity
Units (JTU).

Non-conservative element - A substance which undergoes degradation
or change in the environment other than dilution.

Nonpoint source - A source of pollution without a well defined point
of origin.

Nutrients - Elements of compound essential as raw materials for
organisms growth and development; these include carbon, oxygen,
nitrogen and phosphorus.

Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) - Polychlorinated biphenyls, a group
of organic compound (206 possible) which is constructed of two
phenyl rings and more than one chlorine atom. PCBsare used as an
electrical insulating fluid in capacitors and transformers, and in the
manufacture of plastics.

Perennial streams - A stream or reach of a stream that flows
continuously throughout the year either due to watershed runoff or to
inflow of the ground water to the stream.

Picocurie (pCi) - That quantity of radioactive material producing
2.22 nuclear transformations per minute.

Point source - Any discernible, confined and discrete conveyance,
including but not limited to any pipe, ditch, channel, tunnel, well,
discrete fissure, container, rolling stock or concentrated animal
feeding operation from which pollutants are or may be discharged.
This term does not include return flows from irrigated agriculture.

Pollution - Contamination or other alteration of the physical,
chemical or biological properties of any natural waters of the State,
or such discharge of any liquid, gaseous or solid substance into any
waters of the State as will or is likely to create a nuisance or render
such waters harmful or detrimental or injurious to public health,
safety or welfare, or to domestic, commercial, industrial, agricul-
tural, recreational, or other legitimate beneficial uses, or to live-
stock, wild animals, birds, fish or other aquatic life. (82 O.S. Supp.
1976, § 926.1 (1))

Salinity - The degree of salt in water

Sample standard - The arithmetic mean of historical data plus two
standard deviations of the mean.


Mlinois

(con't)

Indiana

12

publicly owned or regulated treatment works) used for collecting,
pumping, treating, or disposing of wastewaters or for the recovery of
by-products from such wastewater

Underground Waters: means any waters of the state located beneath
the surface of the earth

Wastewater: means sewage, industrial waste, or other waste, or any
combination of these, whether treated or untreated, plus any admixed
land runoff

Wastewater Source: means any equipment, facility, or other point
source of any type whatsoever which discharges wastewater, directly
or indirectly (except through a sewer tributary to a treatment works),
to the waters of the State

Watercraft: means every type of boat, ship or barge used or capable
of being used as a means of transportation on water

Waters: means all accumulations of water, surface and underground,
natural, and artificial, public and private, or parts thereof, which are
wholly or partially within, flow through, or border upon the State of
Illinois, except that sewers and treatment works are not included
except as specifically mentioned; provided, that nothing therein
contained shall authorize the use of natural or otherwise protected
waters as sewers of treatment works except that in-stream aeration
under Agency permit is allowable.

Advanced Treatment - Treatment in excess of that which can be
provided by secondary treatment.

Application Factor - A numerical factor applied to the median lethal
concentration to provide the concentration of a toxic substance that
is considered tc be safe for organisms in the waters of the State.

Average - Unless otherwise specified, the arithmetical average of a
set of numbers.

Board - The Indiana Stream Pollution Control Board.

Coliform Bacteria - All the aerobic and facultatively anaerobic,
gram-negative, nonsporeforming bacilli that produce acid and gas
from the fermentation of lactose.

Community - A general collective term to describe the varieties of
aquatic species and associated organisms living together in a water
body.

Effluent - A wastewater discharge from a point source to the waters
of the State.

Fecal Coliforms - Coliform bacteria that produce gas from lactose in
a special, buffered broth incubated at 45.5°C.

-22-


Ohio
(con't)

Oklahoma’

33

(NN) Thermal Mixing Zone -- is a region of a water body into which
waste heat is discharged that is of a different temperature structure
than the receiving water body, and within which the average and
maximum daily temperatures do not apply, except as prescribed by
these rules.

(OO) Toxie Substances -- are any liquid, gaseous or solid substances
present in such concentrations that can kill, injure or impair life-
cycle functions of any organisms.

(PP) Tributary — is a smaller stream flowing into a larger body of
water.

(QQ) Warmwater Fish — are those species of fish than inhabit
relatively warmwater. These species include, but are not limited to
Black Bass and Sunfish (Centrarchidae), and Shad (Clupeidae).

(RR) Waste Heat Discharge — is a point source discharge through
which excess heat is rejected into the surface waters of the state.

Abatement - Reduction of the degree or intensity of pollution.

Allowable load - For perennial streams - the allowable load for
oxygen demanding substances shall be based on attaining an instream
D.O. of 5.0 mg/l for warm waters and 6.0 mg/l for those waters
designated as smallmouth bass or trout fisheries, at and above the
seven-day, two-year low flow value.

For intermittent streams - the allowable loading for oxygen demand-
ing substances shall be based on attaining an instream D.O. of 5.0
mg/l at and above 1.0 cfs.

Alpha particle - A positively charged particle emitted by certain
radioactive materials. It is the least penetrating of three common
types of radiation (alpha, beta and gamma) and usually is not
dangerous to plants, animals, or humans.

Anti-degradation clause - A provision in water quality laws that
prohibits deterioration of water quality in areas where pollution
levels are presently below those allowed.

Assimilative capacity - The amount of pollution a stream can receive
and still recover without permanent damage or alteration of bene-
ficial uses.

Benthic macroinvertebrates - Invertebrate animals that are large
enough to be seen by the unaided eye and can be retained by a U.
S.Standard No. 30 sieve, and live at least part of their life cycles
within or upon available substrates in a body of water or water
transport system.

65-


New York
(con't)

North Carolina

30

(0) Enclosed bays shall mean those marine waters within the terri-
torial limits of New York State, other than coastal waters or
estuaries, in which exchange of sea water is severely limited by
barrier beaches. For the purposes of thermal discharges, the
following are designated as enclosed bays: Jamaica Bay, Hempstead
Bay, Great South Bay, Moriches Bay, Shinnecock Bay and Mecox Bay.

(1) Source of water supply for drinking, culinary, or food-processing
purposes shall mean any source, either public or private, the waters
from which are used for human consumption, or used in connection
with the processing of milk, beverages, food, or other purposes which
require water meeting the maximum contaminant levels promulgated
by the Environmental Protection Agency pursuant to the Public
Health Service Act, 42 U.S.C. 201 et seq., as amended by the Safe
Drinking Water Act, 42 U.S.C. 300 (f) et seq.

(2) Approved treatment, as applied to water supplies, means treat-
ment accepted as satisfactory by the health authorities responsible
for exercising supervision over the sanitary quality of water supplis.

(3) Primary recreation shall include swimming, skin diving, skiing, and
similar uses involving human body contact with water where such
activities take place in an organizd or on a frequent basis.

(4) Secondary recreation shall include wading, boating, other uses not
involving human body contact with water, and activities involving
human body contact with water where such activities take place on
an infrequent, unorganized, or incidental basis.

(5) Fishing shall include the propagation of fish and such other
aquatic life as is necessary to provide a suitable environment for fish.

(6) Shellfish culture shall include the use of waters for the propa-
gation, storage and gathering of oysters, clams, and other shellfish
for market purposes.

(7) Agricultural shall include the use of waters for stock watering,
irrigation, and other farm purposes but not as sources of water supply
for drinking, culinary, or food-processing purposes.

(8) Waste disposal shall include the use of waters for the disposal of
sewage, industrial waste, or other waste after approved treatment.

(9) Tidal Salt Waters shall mean all tidal waters which are so
designated by the Environmental Management Commission and which
generally have a natural chloride ion content in excess of 500 parts
per million.

(10) Swamp Waters shall mean those waters which are so designated
by the Environmental Management Commission and which are topo-
graphically located so as to generally have very low velocities and
certain other characteristics which are different from adjacent
streams draining steeper topography.

-58-


Idaho
(con't)

Board: The Board of Health and Welfare

Daily Average: The average of measurements made over a twenty-
four (24) hour period.

Deleterious Material: Any substance which may cause the tainting of
edible species of fish, taste, and odors in drinking water supplies, or
the reduction of the usability of water without causing physical injury
to water users.

Department: The Idaho Department of Health and Welfare.

Desirable Species: Species indigenous to the area or those introduced
by the Department of Fish and Game.

Director: The Director of the Department of Health and Welfare or
his authorized agent.

Discharge: When used without qualification, the release of a pollutant
into the waters of the State.

Disinfection: A method of reducing the pathogenic or objectionable
organisms by means of chemicals or other acceptable means.

Dissolved Oxygen (DO): The measre of the amount of oxygen
dissolved in the water, usually expressed in mg/l.

Effluent: Any wastewater discharged from a treatment facility.
EPA: The U. S. Environmental Protection Agency

Fecal Coliform: The portion of the coliform group of bacteria present
in the gut and feces of warm-blooded animals, usually expressed as
number of organisms/100 mg of sample

Geometric Mean: The geometric mean of "n" quantities is the "nth"
root of the product of the quantities.

Hazardous Material: A material or combination of materials which,
when discharged in any quantity into State waters, presents a
substantial present or potential hazard to human health, the public
health, or the environment. Unless otherwise specified, published
guides such as Quality Criteria. for Water (1976) by E.P.S., Water
Quality Criteria (Second Edition, 1963) by the State of California
Water Quality Control Board, their subsequent revisions, and more
recent research papers, regulations and guidelines will be used in
identifying individual and specific materials and in evaluating the
tolerances of the identified materials for the beneficial uses
indicated.

Hypolimnion: The deepest zone in a thermally-stratified body of
water. It is fairly uniform in temperature and lies beneath a zone of
water which exhibits a rapid temperature drop with depth of at least
1° C per meter.

-15-


Maine
(con't)

Maryland 1

8

4-A. Pollutant. "Pollutant" means dredged spoil, solid waste, junk,
incinerator residue, sewage, refuse, effluent, garbage, sewage Sludge,
munitions, chemicals, biological or radiological materials, oil, petro-
leum products or byproducts, heat, wrecked or discarded equipment,
rock, sand, dirt and industria, municipal, domestic, commercial or
agricultural wastes of any kind.

4-B Surface waste waster disposal system. "Surface waste water
dis posal system" shall mean any system for disposal of waste waters
on the surface of the earth, including, but not limited to, holding
pond, surface application and injection systems.

5. Tidal waters. "Tidal waters" means those portions of the Atlantic
Ocean within the jurisdiction of the State, and all other waters of the
State subject to the rise and fall of the tide except those waters
listed and classified in sections 368 and 369.

6. Transfer of ownership. "Transfer of ownership" means a sale, a
lease, a sale of over 50 percent of the stock of a coproration to one
legal entity or a merger or consolidation where the surviving corpo-
ration is other than the original licensee.

7. Waters of the State. "Waters of the State” means any and all the
surface and subsurface waters which are contained within, flow
through, or under or border upon this State or any portion thereof,
including the marginal and high seas, except such waters as are
confined and retained completely upon the property of one person and
do not drain into or connect with any other waters of the State.

(1) "Administration" means the Water Resources Administration.

(2) "Administrative Order" means a written notification issued by the
Administration pursuant to State Law and Regulations, requiring —
within a time specified — correction of a water pollution condition or
compliance with provisions of pertinent law and regulations.

(3) "Advanced waste treatment" means the treatment of wastes or
wastewaters to (a) reduce content of specific consituents, such as
nitrogen and phosphorw, which are not controlled sufficiently by Best
Practicable Control Technology Currently Available (BPCTCA) or by
secondary treatment, or to (b) reduce organic oxygen demand beyond
the leve! attainable by BPCTCA or secondary treatment, so as to
comply with waste load allocations in water quality limited waters.

(4) "Affiliate’ means an individual or corporation who is controlling,
controlled by, or under common control of the applicant.

(5) "Aquifer" means any formation of soil, sand, rock, gravel,

limestone, sandstone, or other material, or any crevice from which
underground water is or may be produced.

-32-


Nevada
(con't)

New Ham pshire”®

"Water quality standard or limitations" means any applicable state
or federal water quality standards or limitations, including but not
limited to water quality criteria, water use classifications, imple-
mentation plans and compliance schedules, effluent standards and
limitations, prohibitions, standards of performance and pretreatment
method.

"Waters of the state” means all water situated wholly or partly within
or bordering upon the state, including but not limited to:

All streams, lakes, ponds, impounding reservoirs, marshes, water
courses, waterways, wells, springs, irrigation systems, and drainage
systems, and

All bodies or accumulations of water, surface and underground,
natural or artificial.

"Zone of mixing" means the volume of water near the point of waste
discharge within which the water immediately mixes with the
receiving water due to the momentum of the waste discharge and the
difference in density between the waste and the receiving water.

"Zone of passage" means a continuous water route of the volume,
cross-sectional area, and quality necessary to allow passage of free-
swimming and/or drifting organisms with no significant effect
produced on the aquatic population.

Antidegradation Policy: A policy which protects the current high
water quality use even though the water may be classified for a
lesser use. For example, a water body currently meeting the stan-
dards and used for swimming purposes cannot be degraded to a lesser
use even if classified "C"

Coliform Organisms: Any of a number of organisms whose presence
in water is a possible indication of potentially dangerous bacterial
contamination emanating from human and animal wastes.

Disinfection: the killing of the larger portion (but not necessarily all)
of the harmful and objectionable microorganisms, in or on, a medium
by means of chemicals, heat, ultraviolet light, ete. Chlorination is
the method commonly employed in water and sewage treatment
processes.

Dissolved Oxygen (DO): The oxygen dissolved as a gas in sewage,
water or other liquid usually expressed in milligrams per liter (mg/1),
parts per million (ppm) or percent saturation. Adequate dissolved
oxygen levels are necessary in waters to protect fish and other
aquatic life and to prevent offensive odors. Low dissolved oxygen
concentrations are generally due to excessive organic solids dis-
charged as a result of inadequately treated waste (having high BOD);
excessive algal growths may cause vastly fluctuating dissolved
oxygen levels. Other factors such as temperature and water move-
ment also have an impact on dissolved oxygen levels.

~52-


Illinois

11

Act: means the Illinois Environmental Protection Act.

Administrator: means the Administrator of the United States
Environmental Protection Agency or his designee

Agency: means the Illinois Environmental Protection Agency
Aquatic Life: means native populations of fish and other aquatic life

Artificial Cooling Lake: means any manmade lake, reservoir or other
impoundment, constructed by damming the flow of a stream, which is
used to cool the waters discharged from the condensers of a steam-
electric generating plant for recirculation in substantial part to the
condensers.

Basin: means the area tributary to the designated body of water.
Board: means the Illinois Pollution Control Board

Calumet River System: means the Calumet River, the Grand Calumet
River, the Little Calumet River downstream from its confluence with
the Grand Calumet, the Calumet-Sag Channel, and the Calumet
Harbor Basin

Chicago River System: means the Chicago River and its Branches,
the North Shore Channel, and the Chicago Sanitary and Ship Canal

Combined Sewer: means a sewer designed and constructed to receive
both wastewater and land runoff

Combined Sewer Service Area: means a specific geographical
drainage area served by a combined sewer system. Areas served by
separate sewer systems which enter the combined system are not
included. Undeveloped areas within a combined sewer service area
may be included in that area if deemed appropriate by the Agency
pursuant to the guildelines in Rule 602(a)

Construction: means commencement of on-site fabrication, erection,
or installation of a treatment works, sewer, or wastewater source; or
the reinstallation at a new site of any existing treatment works,
sewer or wastewater source

Dilution Ratio: means the ratio of the seven-day once in ten year low
flow of the receiving stream or the lowest flow of the receiving
stream when effluent discharge is expected to occur, whichever is
greater, to the average flow of the treatment works for the design
year.

Effluent: means any wastewater discharged, directly or indirectly, to
the waters of the State or to any storm sewer, and the runoff from
land used for the disposition of wastewater or sludges, but does not
otherwise include nononpoint source discharges such as runoff from
land or any livestock management facility or livestock waste handling
facility subject to regulation under Chapter 5 of the regulations of
the Pollution Control Board.

-18-


Wyoming
(con't)

1. Full Body Contact Recreation —- Any recreational or other surface
water use in which there is prolonged and intimate contact with the
water involving considerable risk of ingesting water in quantitis
sufficient to pose a significant health hazard (i.e., water skiing,
swimming).

m. Game Fish - Bass (Micropterus), Catfish (Ictalurus punctatus),
Crappie (Promoxis), Grayling (Thymallus arcticus), Ling (Lota lota),
Northern Pike (Esox lucius), Perch (Perea flavescens), Salmon (Oncor-
hynehus), Sauger (Stizostedion canadense), Sunfish (Lepomis), Trout
(Salmo and Salvelinus), Walleye (Stizostedion vitreum), and Whitefish
(Pros pium williamsoni).

n. LC50 The "Lethal concentration" at which fifty percent of the
specified test organisms die within the time specified (i.e., the 96
hour LC50 means that at concentration "x" fifty percent of the test
organisms died within 96 hours.)

o. Mainstem — This term shall mean the major channel of a river or
stream as shown on the latest and most detailed United States
Geological Survey map for the area.

p. Milligrams Per Liter (mg/l) -- Milligrams of solute per liter of
solution -- equivalent to parts per million (ppm) in liquids, assuming
unit density.

q. Mixing Zone — That portion of a surface water body within which
an effluent becomes thoroughly mixed with the water body.

r. Natural Water Quality — That quality of water which would exist
without the measurable effects or measurable influence of man's
activities.

s. Nephelometric Turbidity Unit (NTU) — The standard unit used to
measure the optical property that causes light to be scattered and
absorbed rather than transmitted in straight lines through water, as
measured by a nephelometer.

t. Net Oil and Grease -- Shall mean the residue from an oil and
grease test conducted in accordance with the liquid-liquid extraction
with trichlorotrifluoroethane (freon) test method found in the latest
edition of Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and
Wastewater corrected for elemental sulphur. The test for elemental}
sulphur shall be capable of measurement at a level of 2 milligrams -
1.0 milligram.

u. Non-Point Source -- Any runoff from irrigated and non-irrigated
lands used for grazing and/or crop production; runoff from forest
land, construction activities; urban areas, solid and hazardous waste
disposal sites and recreational activities; indirect discharges from
septie tanks and leach fields; and, other sources and activities not
subject to regulation under the National Pollutant Discharge Elimi-
nation System (NPDES).

=85-


Maryland
(con't)

(71) "Standard of performance" means a standard for the control of
the discharge of pollutants which reflects the greatest degree of
effluent reduction achievable through application of the best
available demonstrated control technology, processes, operating
methods, or other alternatives as such are established by the State or
the EPA.

(72) "State" m ans the State of Maryland.

(73) "State Discharge Permit" means a permit to discharge pollutants
into waters of the State, issued by the Administration pursuant to
Section 8-1413 of the Natural Resources Article, Annotated Code of
Maryland (1974 Volume) and Section 402 of the Federal Water
Pollution Control Act Amendments of 1972, or amendments thereto.

(74) "Stream flow" means the nontidal water movement that occurs in
a natural channel.

(75) "Subbasin" means one of the nineteen watershed areas delineated
by the Maryland Department of Natural Resources, and comprising,
insum total, the surface waters of the State.

(76) "Thermal barrier" means a pattern of artificially created tempe-
rature change and distribution.

(77) "Toxic materials" means any liquid, gaseous, or solid substance or
substances in such concentration which, when applied to, discharged
to, or deposited in the waters of the State, may exert a poisonous
effect detrimental to man or to the propagation, cultivation or
conservation of animals, fish, or other aquatic life.

(78) "Tramsmissivity" (of an aquifer) means the rate at which water
of the prevailing kinematic viscosity is transmitted through a unit
width of the aquifer under a unit hydraulic gradient.

(79) "Transport" means a tractor-trailer vehicular unit, usually at
5,000 gallons capacity or greater.

(80) "Treatment works" means any plant or other works used for the
purpose of treating or stabilizing wastes.

(81) "Truck tank" means a self-contained vehicular unit (meaning the
automotive power and the hauling capacity are contained in one
complete package). A truck tank my be of any capacity up to the
road limitation on axle weights, approximately 3,200 gallons on two
axles.

(82) "Underground waters (Groundwater)" means water below the
surface of the ground.

(83) "Vessel" means every watercraft or other artificial contrivance

used or capable of being used, as means of transportation on the
waters of the State.

~39-


Tennessee

(con't)

Texas 40

utah’!

Vermont

42

body by appropriate methods at the discharge point. Such zones shall
be restricted to as small an area and length as possible and shall not

(i) prevent the free passage of fish or cause aquatic life mortality
in the receiving waters

(ii) contain materials, that adequately represent the defined zone,
in concentrations that exceed the 96-hour LC50 for biota significant
to the aquatic community in the receiving waters;

(iii) result in offensive conditions;

(iv) produce undesirable aquatic life or result in dominance of a
nuisance species;

(v) endanger the public health or welfare; or

(vi) adversely affect the reasonable and necessary uses of the area.
The mixing zone necessary in each particular case may be designated
in the Discharge Permit as required by the Tennessee Water Quality
Control Act, (T.C.A., Section 70-324 through Section 70-342).

The mixing zone necessary in each particular case shall be defined by
the Tennessee Water Quality Control Board.

Not Specified
Not specified

(1) "Act" means the Vermont Water Pollution Control Act, 10, V.S.A.,
Chapter 47

(2) "Board" means the Vermont Water Resources Board

(3) "Discharge" means the placing, depositing, or emission of any
wastes, directly or indirectly, into the waters of the State

(4) "Effluent Limitation" means any restrictions or prohibitions
estalished on qualities, rates and concentrations of chemical, phy-
sical, biological and other constituents which are discharged into
waters of the State, including s chedules of compliance

(5) "Natural Origin" means that condition which exists in the absence
of any direct or indirect human activity

(6) "Person" means an individual, partnership, public or private
corporation, municipality, institution, or agency of the State, and
includes any officer or governing or managing body of a partnership,
association, firm or corporation

(7) "Public Interest" means that which shall be for the greatest

benefit to the people of the State as determined by thestandard set
forth in Section 1253 (e) of the Act

-80-


New York
(con't)

(b) Administrator shall mean the Administrator of the United States
Environmental Protection Agency.

(ec) Best usage of waters as specifed for each class shall be those uses
as determined by the commissioner and the administrator in accor-
dance with the considerations prescribed by the Environmental
Conservation Law and Public Law 92-500.

(d) Approved treatment as applied to water supplies shall mean
treatment accepted as satisfactory by the authorities responsible for
exercising supervision over the sanitary quality of water supplies.

(e) Source of water supply for drinking, culinary or food processing
purposes shall mean any source, either public or private, the waters
from which are used for domestic consumption or used in connection
with the processing of milk, beverages or food. (When water is taken
for public drinking, culinary or food processing purposes, refer to
New York State Department of Health regulations 10 NYCRR 170).

(f) Primary contact recreation shall mean recreational activities
where the human body may come in direct contact with raw water to
the point of complete body submergence. Such uses include swim-
ming, diving, water skiing, skin diving and surfing.

(g) Secondary contact recreation shall mean recreational activities
where contact with the water is minimal and where ingestion of the
water is not probable. Such uses include but are not limited to
fishing and boating.

(nh) Saline surface waters shall mean all waters which are so desig-
nated by the commissioner.

(i) International boundary waters shall mean those waters to which
the water quality standards developed and adopted pursuant to the
Boundary Water Treaty of 1909 and the Great Lakes Quality Agree-
ment of 1972 apply.

(j) Sewage, industrial waste and other wastes shall have the meanings
given in section 17-0105 of the Environmental Conservation Law.

(k) Estuary shall mean the tidal portion of a river or stream.

(1) A thermal discharge is one which results or would result in a
temperature change of the receiving water.

(m) Heat of artifical origin shall mean all heat from other than
natural sources including but not limited to, cumulative effects of
multiple and proximate thermal discharges.

(n) Coastal waters shall mean those marine waters within the terri-
torial limits of the State other than estuaries and enclosed bays.
Long Island Sound is designated as coastal waters for the purposes of
thermal discharges.

-57-


Vermont
(con't)

Virginia’?

Was hington*

(8) "Schedule of Compliance" means a schedule of remedial measures
including an enforceable sequence of actions or operations leading to
compliance with an effluent limitation, or any other limitation,
prohibition, or standard, including any water quality standard

(9) "Secretary" means the Secretary of the Agency of Environmental
Conservation or his duly authorized representative

(10) "Waste" means effluent, sewage or any substance or material,
liquid, gaseous, solid or radioactive, including heated liquids, whether
or not harmful or deleterious to waters

(11) "Waters" shall include all rivers, streams, creeks, brooks, reser-
voirs, ponds, lakes, springs, and all bodies of surface waters, artificial
or natural, which are contained within, flow through or border upon
the State or any portion thereof.

Not specified

(1) Background Conditions: The biological, chemical, and physical
conditions of a water body, upstream from the point or nonpoint
source of any discharge under consideration. Background sampling
location in an enforcement action would be upstream from other
inflows. If several discharges to any water body exist, and enforce-
ment action is being taken for possible violations to the standard,
background sampling would be undertaken immediately upstream
from each discharge.

(2) Feeal Coliform: That portion of the coliform group which is
present in the intestinal tracts and feces of warm-blooded animals a
detected by the product of acid or gas from lactose in suitable
culture medium within 24 hours at 44.5 degrees plus or minus 0.2
degrees C.

(3) Mean Detention Time: The time obtained by dividing a reservoir's
mean annual minimum total storage by the 30-day ten-year-low-flow
from the reservoir.

(4) Median Value: That value of a group of measurements that falls
in the middle when the measurements are arranged in order of
magnitude. If the number of measurements is even, the median value
would be the value half-way between the two middle measurements.

(5) Permit: A document issued pursuant to RCW 90.48.160 et seq. or
RCW 90.48.260 or both, specifying the waste treatment and control
requirements and waste discharge conditions.

(6) pH: The negative logarithm of the hydrogen ion concentration.

(7) Surface Waters of the State: Include lakes, rivers, ponds, streams,

inland waters, saltwaters, and all other surface waters and water
courses within the jurisdiction of the state of Washington.

-81-


Towa (con't)

"Deep well" means a well located and constructed in such a manner
that there is a continuous layer of low permeability soil or rock at
least five feet thick located at least 25 feet below the normal ground
surface and above the aquifer from which water is to be drawn.

"Department" means the department of environmental quality.

"EPA Methods' means "Methods for Chemical Analysis of Water and
Wastes", 1974, Methods Development and Quality Assurance
Research Laboratory, National Environmental Research Center,
Cincinnati, Ohio 45268: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency,
Office of Technology Transfer. Industrial Environmental Research
Laboratory, Cincinnati, Ohio 45268. This publication is available
from the Office of Technology Transfer.

"Fecal coliform" means the portion of the coliform group which is
present in the gut or the feces of warm-blooded animals. It includes
organisms which are capable of producing gas from lactose brothina
suitable culture medium within 24 hours at 44.5 plus or minus 0.2°C.

"FR" means the Federal Register, published, daily by the Office of
the Federal Register, National Archives and Record Service, General
Services Administration, Washington, D. C. 20408 and distributed by
the Superintendent of Documents, U. S. Government Printing Office,
Washington, D. C. 20402

"Industrial wastes" means any solid, liquid, or gaseous wastes or
excess energy in the form of heat resulting from any process of
industry, manufacturing, trade, or business, or from the development,
processing or recovery, except for agricultural crop raising, of any
natural resources.

"Local public works department" means a city or county public works
department, a board of trustees of a city utility organized pursuant
to chapter 388, Code of Iowa, or a sanitary sewer district organized
pursuant to chapter 358, Code of Iowa.

"Low permeability" means a soil layer of well sorted, fine grain-sized
sediments or of rock that under normal hydrostatic pressures would
not be significantly permeable. Low permeability soils may include
homogenous clays below the zone of weathering mudstone, claystone,
shale, and some glacial till.

“Major contributing industry" means an industrial user of a treatment
works that:

a. Has a flow of 50,000 gallons or more per average work day:

b. Has a flow greater than five percent of the flow carried by the
treatment works receiving the waste:

ce. Has in its waste a toxic pollutant in toxic amount as defined in

standards issued under section 307(a) of the Act and adopted by
reference in 17.5(455B); or

-26-


Alaska (con't)

(8) "color" means that condition of water which results in the visual
sensations of hue and intensity; apparent color is the condition of
water due to bothsubstances in solution and due to suspended matter;
color is measured in water after the turbidity is removed;

(9) "commissioner" means the commissioner of environmental conser-
vation;

(10) "compensation point for photosynthetic activity" means that
point at which incident light penetration is sufficient for plankton to
photosynthetically produce enough oxygen to balance their respi-~
ration requirements;

(11) "contact recreation" means activities in which there is direct and
intimate contact with water; examples of primary contact recreation
include wading and dabbling, swimming, diving, water skiing, surfing
and any intimate contact with water directly associated with shore-
line activities.

(12) "eriterion" means a designated concentration or limit of a
constituent that, when not exceeded, will protect an organism, an
organism community, or a prescribed water use or quality with a
reasonable degree of safety; a criterion, in some cases, may be a
narrative statement instead of a numerical constituent concentration
or limit;

(13) "department" means the Alaska Department of Environmental
Conservation;

(14) "dissolved oxygen" means the solubility of oxygen in water as
determined either by the Winkler (iodometric) method and its modifi-
cations or by the Membrane Electrode Method;

(15) "effluent" means that segment of a wastewater stream imme-
diately following the final step in any treatment process but before
the wastewater stream is discharged to the receiving environment;

(16) "fecal coliform bacteria" means those bacteria that can ferment
lactose at 44.5 degree plus or minus 0.2 degree C to produce gas ina
multiple tube procedure; fecal coliform bacteria also means all
organisms which produce blue colonies within 24 plus or minus hours
of incubation at 44.5 degree plus or minum 0.2 degree C in an M-FC
broth medium.

(17) "fish" means any of the group of cold-blooded vertebrate animals
living in water, and having permanent gills for breathing and fins for
locomotion;

(18) "Grain Size Accumulation Graph" means the graph of the
sediment sieving results where the logarithm of the size (millimeters)
is plotted on the horizontal axis and percent accumulation by weight
is plotted in the linear scale on a vertical axis;


Massachusetts
(con't)

Michigan2?

Division - The Massachusetts Division of Water Pollution Control, as
established by General Laws ¢ 21, $26.

Discharge - Any addition of any pollutant to the waters of the
Commonwealth.

EPA - The United States Environmental Protection Agency

Federal Act - The Federal Water Pollution Control Act, as amended,
33 U.S.C. 8 $1251, et seq.

Massachusetts Act - The Massachusetts Clean Waters Act, as
amended, General Laws, ¢ 21, $826-53, inclusive

Pollutant - An element or property of sewage, agricultural, industrial
or commercial waste, runoff, leachate, heated effluent, or other
matter, in whatever form and whether originating at a point or major
nonpoint source, which is or may be discharged, drained or otherwise
introduced into any sewerage system, treatment works or waters of
the Commonwealth.

Primary contact recreation - Any recreation or other water use, such
as swimming and water skiing, in which there is prolonged and
intimate contact with the water sufficient to constitute a health
hazard.

Seasonal cold water fishery - Waters whose quality is capable of
sustaining only an extremely limited cold water population on a year-
round basis, with cold-water fish in these streams provided largely by
stocking.

Secondary contact recreation - Any recreation or other water use in
which contact with the water is either incidental or accidental, such
as fishing, boating and limited contact incident to shoreline
activities.

Segment - A finite portion of a water body established by the
Division for the purpose of classification.

Warm water fishery - Waters whose quality is not capable of
sustaining a year-round cold water or seasonal cold water fishery.

Waters of the Commonwealth - All waters within the jurisdiction of
the Commonwealth, including, without limitation, rivers, streams,
lakes, ponds, springs, impoundments, estuaries and coastal waters,
but not including groundwaters.

R 323.1043. Definitions A to N.
Rule 1043. As used in this part.

(a) "agricultural water use’ means a use of water for agricultural

purposes, including but not limited to livestock watering, irrigation
and crop spraying.

-41-


State

Alabam al

Alaska

DEFINITIONS

a. State Waters means all waters of any river, stream, watercourse,
pond, lake, coastal, ground or surface water, wholly or partially
within the state.

b. Sewage means water-carried human wastes from residences,
building, industrial establishments or other places including, but not
limited to, any vessels, or other conveyances traveling or using the
waters of this state, together with such ground, surface, storm or
other waters as may be present.

¢. Industrial Wastes means liquid or other wastes resulting from any
process of industry, manufacture, trade or business or from the
development of natural resources.

d. Other Wastes means all other substances, whether liquid, gaseous
or solid, from all other sources including, but not limited to, any
vessels, or other conveyances traveling or using the waters of this
state, except industrial wastes or sewage, which may cause pollution
of any waters of the state.

e. Commission means the Water Improvement Commission: and
"member" means a member of said Commission.

(1) "acute" means severe but of short duration with respect to
constituent toxicity of disease:

(2) "anadromous fish’ means those fish which spend a portion of their
lives in both fresh and salt waters, including the five species of
Pacifie salmon, Dolly Varden, rainbow trout (steelhead), sea-run cut
throat trout, arctic char, sheefish and whitefish;

(3) "aquaculture" means the regulation and cultivation of water plants
or animals for human use or consumption;

(4) "boundary" means any line or landmark which serves to clarify,
outline, or mark a limit, border, or interface;

(5) central office" means the central office of the Alaska Department
of Environmental Conservation, Pouch O, Juneau, Alaska 99811;

(6) "Clean Water Act" means the ‘Federal Water Pollution Control
Act (commonly refered to as the Clean Water Act (P.L.92-500, as
amended by P.L. 95-217) 33 U.S.C. Sec. 1251 et seq.);

(7) "chronic" means lasting a long time or recurring often with
respect to constituent toxicity or disease.


Maryland
(con't)

(30) "Material balance’ means an inventory accounting system for
determining quantities of materials on hand, used in proces,
converted to product, lost to the environment, or contained in waste
matter generated, stored, discharged, or otherwise processed.

(31) "National Pollutant Discharge Elmination Sytem (NPDES)" means
the national system for the issuance of permits as designated by the
1972 amendments to the Federal Water Pollution Control Act.

(32) "NPDES application" means the uniform national forms (including
subsquent additions, revisions, or modifications duly promulgated by
the Environmental Protection Agency pursuant to the Federal Water
Pollution Control Act, as amended) for application for an NPDES
permit.

(33) "NPDES form" means any issued NPDES permit and any uniform
national form developed for use in the NPDES and prescribed in
regulations promulgated by the Environmental Protection Agency
including the NPDES application and the NPDES report forms.

(34) "NPDES permit" means the permit issued under the Federal
Water Pollution Control Act, as amended.

(35) "NPDES reporting form" means the uniform national forms
(including subsequent additions, revisions, or modifications duly
promulgated by the Environmental Protection Agency pursuant to the
Federal Water Pollution Control Act, as amended) for reporting data
and information pursuant to monitoring and other conditions of the
NPDES permit.

(36) "Natural" — or "naturally occurring" values -- means for all of
the waters of the State:

(a) those water quality values which exist unaffected by — or
unaffected as a consequence of — any water use by any person:

(b) those water quality values which exist unaffected by the dis-
charge, or direct or indirect deposit of, any solid, liquid or gaseous
substance by any person; or

(ec) any other water quality values which represent conditions which
the Administration by its rules and regulations defines as natural.
For the purposes of this definition, the following conditions shall be
considered as natural; infestations of water milfoil, Myriophyllum
spicatum; infestations of water chestnut, Trapa natans; the presence
of sea lettuce, Ulva lactuaca; and the presence of sea nettles,
Aurelia sp.

(37) "Natural trout waters" means waters capable of suporting natural

trout populations, including propagation, and their associated food
organisms.

-35-


Hawaii
(con't)

Idaho?

"Reservoirs" means deep standing water that is always fresh, in well-
defined artificially created impoundments.

"Elevated wetlands" means shallow standing water that is always
fresh, in more or less indistinct basins such as natural bogs, pond,
and marshes. Such wetlands are found in undisturbed areas, mainly
remote uplands and forest reserves.

"Low wetlands" means shallow standing water that is always fresh,
ponds or marshes. Such wetlands are found in lowland areas near
coasts or in valley termini modified by man. Their origin may be
natural or man made.

"Coastal-wetlands" means natural or man-made ponds and marshes
having variable salinity, basin limits, and permanence. Such wetlands
usually adjoin the coastline but are not surface connected to the
ocean except in rare circumstances. They are usually without tidal
fluctuations. Most are characterized by introduced biota, especially
fishes.

"Anachialine pools" means standing waters that vary in salinity and
basin limits and are not surface connected to the ocean except in
rare circumstances. Such pools are natural brackish water exposures
which are near coastlines in recent lavas (rerely, in fossil reefs) and
which have tidal fluctuations. They are usually small, shallow pools
of low salinity (1,000 to 10,000 ppm) with distinctive biota but usually
no fishes.

"Estuaries" means deep characteristically brackish coastal waters in
well-defined basins with a continuous or seasonal surface connection
to the ocean that allows entry of marine fauna. Estuaries may be
either natural, occurring mainly at stream or river mouths; or
developed, artificially or strongly modified from the natural state,
such as dredged and revetted stream termini.

Appropriate Beneficial Use: Any of the varius uses which may be
made of the Water of Idaho, including, not not limited to, domestic
water supplies, industrial water supplies, agricultural water supplies,
navigation, recreation in and on the water, wildlife habitat, and
aesthetics. Appropriateness is dependent upon actual use, the ability
of a water to support a non-existing use either now or in the future,
and its likelihood of being used in a given manner. The use of a water
for the purpose of wastewater dilution or as a receiving water for
waste treatment facility effluent is not an appropriate use.

Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD: The measure of the amount of
oxygen necessary to satisfy the biochemical oxidation requirements
of organic materials at the time the Sample is collected; unles
otherwise specified, this term will mean the five (5) day BOD
incubated at 20° c.

Biota: The plants and animals of a specified area

-14-


Delaware

(con't)

Florida

7

Navigation: Use of the water for the transfer and transport of
persons, animals and goo.

Non-Tidal Waters: Waters which have no cyclic ebb and flow.

Primary Contact Recreation: Uses involving prolonged intimate body
contact with water in which there is a significant risk of ingestion
(e.g., swimming, water skiing).

Public Water Supply: Any stream or impoundment used as a source of
drinking water and may include other specified uses.

Secondary Contact Recreation: Uses involving water as a pleasurable
setting for activities in which there is an insignificant risk of
ingestion (e.g., boating, fishing, picnicking, hiking, wading).

Shellfish: Any fresh, brackish or saltwater Mollusk, whether edible or
not, regardless of the reason, is to be considered a shellfish (e.g.,
clams, mussles, oysters). This definition includes eggs of all applic-
able species.

Transition Zone: Areas between two adjacent zones of varying water
quality or hydrologic conditions.

Temperature: The normal temperature for streams is the average
daily temperature for the month.

Tidal Waters: Water which ebbs and flows cyclically.

Toxic Substances: All materials, whether organic or inorganic,
considered harmful (ynergistically or otherwise) to humans, fish,
wildlife or aquatic life.

(1) "Acute Toxicity" shall mean the presence of one or more
substances or characteristics or components of substances in amounts
which:

(a) are greater than one-third (1/3) of the amount lethal to 50% of
the test organisms in 96 hours (96 hr. LC50) where the 96 hr LC50 is
the lowest value which has been determined for a species significant
to the indigenous aquatic community; or

(b) may reasonably be expected, based upon evaluation by generally
accepted scientific method, to produce effects, equal to those of the
concentration of the substance specified in (a) above.

(2) "Background" shall mean the condition of waters in the absence of
the activity or discharge under consideration, based on the best
scientific information available to the Department.

(3) "Chronic Toxicity" shall mean the presence of one or more
substances or characteristics or components of substances in amounts
which:


REFERENCES

A California Water Quality Standards by River Basins, c.a. 1975
For more detailed information on selected basins, sub-basins
and stretches of streams and coastal areas refer to California
State Water Quality Standaré&.

B Delaware Water Quality Standards, March 25, 1979

c Idaho Water Quality Standards, c.a. September, 1979

D Missouri Water Quality Standards, c.a. February, 1978

E American Samoa Water Quality Standards,

Revised July, 1973

F Territory of Guam Water Quality Standards, Sept. 1975

G Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands Water Quality
Standards, October 21, 1973

H

Virgin Islands Water Quality Standards, Aug. 1973

ENVIRONMENT REPORTER, The Bureau of National Affairs, Inc.
Washington, D. C. 20037

1

Pages 701:0501-0509, February 16, 1979

2 Pages 706:1004-1008, July 20, 1979

3 Pages 711:0542-0544, August 5, 1977

4 pages 716:0603, March 26, 1976

5 Pages 726:1005, 1011-1013, March 7, 1980
Basic Water Quality Standards adopted May 22, 1979,
have not yet been submitted to EPA for formal approval.

6 Pages 731:1002-1009, September 8, 1978

7 pages 746:1008-1014, October 19, 1979

8 Pages 751:0504-0505, January 25, 1980

9 pages 765:0512-0515, January 30, 1976

10

Page 761:0503-0504, 1973


Ohio
(con't)

(HH) Recreation Season — is the period from 1 May to 15 October.

(II) Representative Aquatic Species — are those organisms, either
natural or introduced, which presently exist or have existed in the
surface waters of the state prior to July 1, 1977; with the exception
of those banned species outlined in Rule 1501:31-19-01 of the Ohio
Administrative Code. In addition, it will include any species that are
legally introduced into the surface waters of the state. Specifically
included are those species which:

1. represent the full range of response to environmental conditions
from sensitive through tolerant;

2. are commercially or recreationally valuable;

3. are representative of each community trophic level;

4. are threatened, rare, or endangered;

5. are critical to the structure and function of the ecosystem;
6. dominate the community in terms of density and biomass;

7. are potentially capable of becoming localized nuisance species,
or;

8. are representative of the ecological and physiological require-
ments of species determined in 1-7, but which themselves may not be
representative.

(JJ) Spawning Areas -- are regions in a water body, such as reefs and
marshes where fish or other aquatic organisms spawn or breed in
relatively higher abundance than surrounding areas.

(KK) Standard -- is a definitive numerical value or narrative
statement promulgated by the Ohio EPA to maintain and protect the
designated uses of the waters of the state.

(LL) Statie Bioassay — is a determination of the biological effect of a
substance, factor or condition employing living organisms or cells as
the indicator. In a static system, test organisms remain in the same
test medium for the duration of the test.

(MM) Surface Waters of the State — or watercourses are all streams,
publicly-owned lakes and reservoirs, ponds, marshes or other water-
ways which are situated wholly or partially withia the boundaries of
the state, except those private waters which do not combine or
effect a junction with natural surface waters. Waters defined as
sewerage system, treatment works or disposal system in chapter
6111.01 of the Ohio Revised Code are not included.

~64-


Mlinois
(con't)

"PWPCA" means the Federal Water Pollution Control Act, as
amended, 33 U.S.C. 1251 et seq. Public Law 92-500, enacted by the
Congress October 18, 1972, as amended

Hearing Board: shall mean an Agency hearing board of one or more
employees appointed by the Director in acordance with the require-
ments of Rule 909(b) hereof, which shall conduct publie hearings and
make recommendations to the Agency with respect to the issuance or
denial of NPDES permits

Industrial Wastes: means any solid, liquid, or gaseous wastes resulting
from any process or excess energy resulting from any progress of
industry, manufacturing, trade, or business or from the development,
processing or recovery, except for agricultural crop raising, of any
natural resource

Institute: means the Illinois Institute of Natual Resources

Interstate Waters: are all waters which cross or form part of the
border between Illinois and other states

Intrastate Waters: are all the waters of Illinois which are not
interstate waters

Land Runoff: means water reaching the waters of the State as runoff
resulting from precipitation

Marine Toilet: means any toilet on or within any watercraft

Modification means:

(1) Any physical change in a treatment works which involves different
or additional processes or equipment or which increases or decreases
the capacity or efficiency of the treatment works; or

(2) Any change in the number of location of points where effluent is
discharged, directly or indirectly to the waters; or

(3) Any change in any components of a sewer system which alters the
quanitity of wastewater capable of being conveyed, or which
inereases or descreases the quantity of wastewater capable of being
discharged at overflow or bypass structures; or

(4) Any increase in quanitity or strength of a discharge from any
wastewater source, unless such increase does not exceed an upper
limit specifically allowed by an excisting Permit granted by the
Agency and does not involve any additional contaminants contained in
standards set by this Chapter that are not itemized and approved in
an existing Agency permit.

New Source: means any wastewater source, the construction of which

is commenced on or after the effective date of the applicable
provisions of this Chapter

-19-


Alaska (con't)

analysis shall be taken within one meter of the surface and below any
observable surface slip sheen or fresh water lens; sample collected in
fresh waters shall be taken immediately below the surface of the
water and below any observable surface clip sheen;

(41) "toxie substances" means those materials, or combinations of
materials, including disease-causing agents which after discharge and
upon exposure, ingestion, inhalation or assimilation into any
organism, either directly from the environment or indirectly by
ingestion through food chains, will, on the basis of information
available, cause death, disease, behavioral abnormalities, malignancy,
genetic mutation, physiological abnormalities (including malfunctions
in reproduction) or physical deformations, in affected organisms or
their offspring; the term includes the following substances, and any
other substance identified as a toxic pollutant under sec. 307 (a) of
the Clean Water Act of 1977 (33 U.S.C. sec. 466 et seq.);

Aldrin/Dieldrin; Arsenic; Benzidine; Carbon tetrachloride; Cadmium;
Dichlorobenzidine; Chlorinated ethanes; Chloroform; Chromium;
Demeton; Dichloroethylenes; Dinitrotoluene; Fluoranthene; Diphenyl-
hydrazine; Endrin; Hexachlorocyclopentadiene; Ethylbenzene; Lin-
dane; Mercury, Nickel, Nitrobenzene; Napthalene; Silver; Vinyl Chlo-
ride; Acenaphthene; Antimony, Chlorinated benzenes; Chloroalkyl
ethers; DDT; Dichloropropane and Dichloropropene; Halomethanes;
Malathion; Tetrachloroethylene; Trichoroethylene; Polynuclear aro-
matic hydrocarbons; Endosulfan; Mirex; Pentachlorophenol; Phenol;
Acrylonitrile; Asbestos; Benzene, Beryllium; Chlorinated Naphtha-
lene; 2-Chlorophenol; Chlorophenols; Chlorophenoxy herbicides; Bya-
nide; 2,4-Dichloraphenol, Acrolein; Cloradane; Nitrosamines; Copper;
dichlorobenzenes; Guthion; Haloethers; Heptachlor; Hexachloro-
butadiene; Hexachlorocyclohexane; Isophorone; Lead; Methoxychlor;
nitrophenols; Parathion; Phtalate Esters; PCB's; Selenium, P-Dioxin;
Thallium, Toluene; Toxaphene; Zinc, 2,4-dimethylphenol;

(42) "turbidity" means an expression of the optical property that
causes light to be scattered and absorbed rather than transmitted in
straight lines through a water sample; turbidity in water is caused by
the presence of suspended matter such as clay, silt, finely divided
organic and inorganic matter, plankton, and other microscopic
organisms;

(43) "waters" means lakes, bays, sounds, ponds, impounding reservoirs,
springs, wells, rivers, streams, creeks, estuaries, marshes, inlet,
straits, passages, canals, the Pacifie Ocean, Gulf of Alaska, Bering
Sea and Arctic Ocean in the territorial limits of the state, and all
other bodies of surface or underground water, natural or artificial,
public or private, inland or coastal, fresh or salt, which are wholly or
partially in or bordering upon the state or under jurisdiction of the
state; "waters' does not include ponds, lagoons or parts of waste-
water treatment systems which are lined or constructed in such a
manner that seepage into the ground is not allowed;


Indiana Toxic Substances - Materials which are or may become harmful to
(con't) plant or animal life, or to food chains when present in sufficient
concentrations or combinations.

Waters of the State - Such accumulations of water, surface and
underground, natural and artificial, public and private, or parts
thereof, which are wholly or partially within, flow through, or border
upon, this State, but the terms does not include any private pond, or
any pond, reservoir or facility built for reduction or control of
pollution or cooling of water prior to discharge unless the discharge
therefrom causes or threatens to cause water pollution.

Water Use Designations - A use of the waters of the State as
established by this regulation, including but not limited to industrial
water supply, agricultural use, public water supply, total body
contact, partial body contact, fish and other aquatic life.

Well-Balanced Fish Community - A fish comunity which is as diverse
in species composition and as abundant in numbers or biomass at all
levels as a particular aquatic habitat is capable of supporting.

Whole Body Contact - Direct contact with water to the point of
complete submergence.

Iowa? "Act" means the Federal Water Pollution Control Act as amended by
the Federal Water Pollution Control Act Amendments of 1972 (Pub.
L. 92-500, 86 Stat. 816), 33 U.S.C. 8 1251 et seq.

"Administrator" means the administrator of the United States
Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) 401 "M" Street, S.W.,
Washington D.C. 20460

"ASTM" means "Annual Book of Standards, Part 31, Water, 1975" The

Publication is available from The American Society for Testing and
Materials, 1916 Race St., Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19103

"Best management practice" (BMP) means a practice or combination
of practices that is determined, after problem assessment, examina-
tion of alternative practices, and appropriate public participation, to
be the most effective, practicable (including technological, economic
and institutional considerations) means of preventing or reducing the
amount of pollution generated by nonpoint sources to a level com-
patible with water quality goals.

"Biochemica] oxygen demand (five-day)" means the amount of oxygen
consumed in the biological processes that break down organic matter
in water by aerobic biochemical action in five days at 20°C.

"Continuing planning process' (CPP) means the continuing planning
process, including any revision thereto, required by sections 208 and
303(e) of the Federal Water Pollution Control Act as amended (33
U.S.C. 88 1288 and 1313 (e) for state water pollution control agencies.

-24-


Guam
(con't)

Puerto Rico*

9

c. The arithmetic mean of the values for effluent samples collected
in a period of 30 consecutive days shall not exceed 15 percent of the
arithmetic mean of the values for influent samples collected at
approximately the same times during the same period (85 percent
removal).

2. Suspended solids

a. The arithmetic mean of the values for effluent samples
collected in a period of 30 consecutive days shall not exceed 30 mg/l.

b. The arithmetic mean of the values for effluent samples collected
in a period of seven consecutive days shall not exceed 45 mg/l.

¢e. The arithmetic mean of the values for effluent samples collected
in a period of 30 consecutive days shall not exceed 15 percent of the
arithmetic mean of the values for influent samples collected at
approximately the same times during the same period (85 percent
removal).

3. Fecal coliform bacteria.

a. The arithmetic mean of the value for effluent samples collected
in a period of 30 consecutive days shall not exceed 200 per 100 ml.

b. The arithmetic mean of the values for effluent samples collected
in a period of seven consecutive days shall not exceed 400 per 100 ml.

4, pH. The effluent values for pH shall remain within the limits of 6.0
to 9.0.

"Toxic" shall mean lethal, teratogenic or mutagenic, or otherwise
damaging to man or other living organisms.

"Wastewater" shall mean sewage, industrial waste, or other waste, or
any combination of these, whether treated or untreated, plus any
admixed land runoff.

"Zone of passage" shall mean a continuous water route which joins
segments of a river, stream, reservoir, estuary, or channel above,
below, or around, a mixing zone without going through the mixing
zone. As a minimum no less than one-third of the cross section of
the water body shall be retained in compliance with the water quality
criteria.

Applicable rules and regulations - See sections 2.1.2.
Bioassay -- Analytical tests for evaluating the toxicity of an effluent,
specific substances or combinations of these, to representative

aquatic organism, according to the standard procedures established in
the "Biological Field and Laboratory Methods for Measuring the

-93-


Wyoming
(con't)

v. pH — Term used to express, the intensity of acid or alkaline
conditions. A pH value of 7 at 25 C is neutral, with pH's of less than
7 progressively more acid and pH's greater than 7 progressively more
basic (alkaline).

w. Pico-Curies Per Liter (pCi/l) -- A terms describing the,radiation
level of water or solutions, A pico-curie is equal to 10 curie, a
eurie is defined as 3.7 x 10° disintegrations per second.

x. Point Source -- Any discernible, confined and discrete conveyance,
including but not limited to any pipe, ditch, channel, conduit, well,
discrete fissure, container, rolling stock, concentrated animal feeding
operation or vessel or other floating craft, from which pollutants are
or may be discharged, except those pollutant sources specifically
identified as a non-point in these regulations.

y. Salinity -- The total mineral dissolved constituents, after carbo-
nates have been converted to oxides, organics have been oxidized and
bromine and iodine have been converted to chloride. This term is
often used interchangeably with the term total dissolved soli.

z. Secondary Body Contact Recreation -- Any recreational or other
surface water use in which contact with water is either incidental or
accidental and in which the probability of ingesting appreciable
quantities of water is minimal, such as fishing, hunting and commer-
cial and recreational boating.

aa. Wyoming Continuing Planning Process (CPP) -- A planning process
involving public participation and political debate and including
policies, procedures and programs that result in the definition and
implementation of actions that lead to the prevention, reduction and
abatement of all forms of water pollution and for the protection and
enhancement of water uses in the State of Wyoming. The CPP is
continuous in time and is designed to respond to changes in conditions
and attitudes. Certified and approved State and areawide water
quality management plans prepared pursuant to Section 208 of the
Federal Act describe elements of the CPP and are outputs of the
CPP. Such plans include but are not limited to the following:

(1) Water quality monitoring requirements and programs;
(2) Definition and assessment of water quality problems;

(3) Identification of alternative solutions, their costs and
effectiveness;

(4) Evaluations of their social, economic and environmental impact;
(5) Best management practices or procedures and programs for their

determination which lead to the control of non-point sources of
pollution;

-86-


Alaska (con't)

Arizona 3

Arkansas 4

California”

Colorado”

(44) "water recreation" means contact recreation and/or secondary
recreation as defined in this section;

(45) "water supply" means any of the waters of the state which are
designated to be protected for fresh water or marine water uses
including waters used for drinking, culinary, food processing, agricul-
tural, aquacultural, seafood processing, and industrial purposes;

(46) "wildlife’ means all species of mannals, birds, reptiles and
amphibians.

1. "Cold water fishery" means waters having an environment suitable
for salmonids.

2. "Fecal coliform" means those bacteria of the coliforn group which
give positive results from tests performed, as guided by the
document, "Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and
Wastewater".

3. "Mg/l" means milligrams per liter of water.

4. "DH" means the reciprocal of the logarithm of the hydrogen-ion
activity.

5. "Surface water" means waters of the state but excludes ground
water as defined in A.R.S. § 45-301.

6. "Warm water fishery" means waters having an environment suit-
able for all species of fish other than salmonié.

B. All terms defined in A.R.S. 8 36-1851 are applicable when used in
these standard.

Not specified
See State Standards for specific definitions.

(1) "ACT" means the Colorado Water Quality Control Act, C.R.S.
1973, 25-8-101 et seq., as amended.

(2) "ANTIDEGRADATION STANDARD" means the standard esta-
blished in Section 3.1.8.

(3) "BASIC STANDARDS" means those standards as established in
Section 3.1.11.

(4) "BENEFICIAL USES" means those ues of the waters of the State
to be protected such as those identified in the classifications ystem.

(5) "BMP" (Best Management Practices) means a practice or a
combination of practices that is determined by a governmental


Guam
(con't)

"Near-shore waters" shall mean all coastal waters lying within a
defined reef area; all coastal waters of a depth of less than ten
fathoms (60 feet) and all coastal waters greater than 10 fathoms up
to 1000 feet off-shore where there is no defined reef area.

"New source" shall mean any wastewater sources, the construction of
which is commenced on or after the effective date of these
standars.

"Off-shore waters" shall mean all coastal waters beyond the limits
defined for "near-shore water s' to the Territorial Limit as recognized
by International Law.

"Permit" shall mean a permit issued pursuant to Section 57045 of the
Water Pollution Control Act.

"Pollution" shall mean the alteration of the physical, chemical, or
biological properties of any waters of the Territory which renders
said waters harmful or detrimental for their most beneficial uses
adversely and unreasonably impair the water quality of the Territory,
or which renders said waters hazardous to human health or harmful or
detrimental for their most beneficial uses.

"Point source" shall mean any discernible, confined and discrete
conveyance including, but not limited to, any pipe, ditch, channel,
tunnel, conduit, well, discrete fissure, container, rolling stock,
concentrated animal feeding operation, or vessel or other floating
craft, from which pollutants are or may be discharged.

"Potable water resources’ shall mean waters of the Territory
actually used or intended for use for the purpose of furnishing water
for drinking or general domestic use.

"Receiving water)" shall mean waterG) of the Territory into which
wastes or wastewaters are, or may be, discharged.

"Schedule of compliance" shall mean a schedule of remedial measures
and times including an enforceable sequence of actions or operations
leading to compliance with any control regulation or effluent
limitation.

"Secondary treatment" shall mean the following degree of pollutant
removal:

1. Biochemical oxygen demand (five-day).

a. The arithmetic mean of the values for effluent samples collected
in a period of 30 consecutive days shall not exceed 30 mg/l.

b. The arithmetic mean of the values for effluent samples collected
in a period of seven consecutive days shall not exceed 45 mg/l.

-92-


Puerto Rico
(con't)

Trust Territories ©

Source -- Any discharge from a property, real or personal, which
generates or may generate any water pollutant.

Surface waters -- Any natural or artificial water source including all
streams, lakes, ponds, impounding reservoirs, inland watercourses and
waterways, springs, irrigation systems, drainage systems and all other
inland water bodies or accumulated waters. For the purpose of this
Regulation the term does not include coastal waters or those subject
to the ebb and flow of tides.

Thermocline -- That layer in a body of water where the temperature
difference is greatest per unit depth. If, is the layer in which the
temperature gradient equals or exceeds 1 C per meter.

Water pollutant — See Pollutant

Water pollution control facilities or equipment -- Any process,
equipment, device, and all appurtenances thereto, wed for elimi-
nating, reducing, or controlling the discharge of any water pollutant.
Water Quality Standards — The designated water body uses or
classifications, the criteria to protect those uses, and the anti-
degradation statement.

Waters, Waters of Puerto Rico —- Coastal or surface waters of Puerto
Rico

Wastewater —- See Municipal wastes

Wastewater treatment facilities — See Water pollution contro) equip-
ment or facilities.

(a) "Near-shore waters" means:
(1) All coastal waters lying within a defined reef area;
(2) All coastal waters of a depth of less than ten fathoms (60 feet);

(3) All coastal waters greater than 10 fathoms up to 1,000 feet off-
shore where there is no defined reef area.

(b) "Off-shore waters' means all coastal waters beyond the limits
defined for "near-shore waters."

(ec) "Coastal waters" includes "near-shore waters", "off-shore waters",
and those brackish, fresh and salt waters that are subject to the ebb
and flow of the tide.

(d) "Best practicable treatment or control" is defined herein as not
less than:

(1) Treatment in accordance with national guidelines for discharge
into off- hore waters -- provided evaluation of water current

-97-


North Carolina

(con't)

North Dakota

31

For municipal wastewater and other similar discharges equal to or
less than 15,000 gpd, present waste treatment technology shall be
defined, for oxygen consuming wastes, as follows:

BoD®

30 mg/l monthly average; 45 mg/l weekly average

(18) 96-hour LC50 shall mean that concentrations of a toxicant which
is lethal (fatal) to 50 percent of the organisms tested under the test
conditions in a period of 96 hours. The 96-hour LC50 concentration
for toxic materials shall be determined for a sensitive indigenous
species in water conditions characteristic of the receivng waters by a
review of existing experimental data or, if deemed necessary by the
director of the division, by bioassays conducted by or in cooperation
with the division.

(19) Effluent channel shall mean a discernable confined and discrete
conveyance which is used for transporting treated wastewater to a
receiving stream or other body of water; provided that such channels
shall:

(a) Be contained entirely on property owned (or controlled by
easement) by the discharger (to be demonstrated by the discharger).

(b) Not contain natural waters except when such waters occur in
direct response to rainfall events by overland runoff.

(c) Be so constructed or modified to minimize the migration of fish
into said channel.

Effluent channels shall be identified and designated on a case-by-case
basis prior to permit issuance.

(20) Division shall meet the Division of Environmental Management
or its successors.

02.201 Water Usage — The best usage for the waters shall be those
uses determined to be the most consistent with present and potential
uses in accordance with the economic and social development of the
area. Present principal best uses are those defined in parts 1,2,3, and
4, of this Section, but are not to be construed to be the only possible
usages permitted.

(1) Recreation, Fishing and Wildlife — Waters that are suitable for
the propagation and/or support of fish and other aquatic life; that
will not adversely affect wildlife in the area; and are suitable for
boating and swimming.*

*Natural high turbidities in some waters and physical charactericts of
banks and stream beds of many streatms are factors that limit their
values for bathing. Low flows or natural physical and chemical
conditions in some waters may limit their value for fish propagation
or aquatic life.

-60-


Oklahoma
(con't)

Beta particle - A negatively charged elementary particle emitted by
radioactive decay that may cause skin burns. It is easily stopped by a
thin sheet of metal.

Carcinogenic - Cancer producing.

Coliform group organisms (total coliform organisms) - All of the
aerobic and facultative anaerobic gram-negative, non-s pore-forming
rod shapped bacteria that ferment lactose broth with gas formation
within 48 hours at 35°C.

Color - Color as used herein means true color as well as apparent
color. True color is the color of the water from which turbidity has
been removed. Apparent color includes not only the color due to
substances in solution (true color), but also that color due to
suspended matter.

Conservative element - A substance which persists in the environ-
ment, having characteristics which are resistant to ordinary biolo-
gical degradation.

Dissolved oxygen (DO) - The amount of oxygen dissolved in water at
any given time, depending upon the water temperature, the partial
pressure of oxygen in the atmosphere in contact with the water, the
concentration of dissolvedsalts in the water, and the physical aeration
of the water.

Epilimnion - The uppermost homothermal region of a stratified lake.

Eutrophication (natural) - The normally dow aging process by which a
lake evolves into a bog or marsh and ultimately essumes a terrestrial
state. During eutrophication the lake becomes so rich in nutritive
compounds (especially nitrogen and phosphorus) that algae and other
microscopic plant life become superabundant, thereby "choking" the
lake, and causing the lake to advance inseral stages.

Fecal coliform - A group of organisms common to the intestinal
tracts of man and of animals. The presence of fecal coliform bacteria
in water is an indicator of pollution and of potentially dangerous
bacterial contamination.

Geometric mean - Ga =n By x Bo

Where: n = number of samples and BL = the bacterial count for n
sample.

x +B
th

Intermittent stream - A stream or reach of astream that flows only
at certain times of the year. In such streams the runoff from the
watershed is smaller than the ground evaporation and seepage losses
in the ground.

~66-


Florida
(con't)

or the transmission value of light through a distilled or deionized
water sample of thickness D, and Sp is the light intensity at depth D
or the transmission value of light through a sample of the water
tested of thickness D. Light intensities or transmission values shal]
be measured using a cadmium sulfide protoreceptor or other device
having a comparable spectral res ponse.

(13) "Groundwater" means water beneath the surface of the ground,
whether or not flowing through known and definite channels.

(14) "Natural Background" shall means the condition of waters in the
absence of man-induced alterations based on the best scientific
information available to the Department.

(15) "Nuisance Species" shall mean species of flora or fauna whose
presence in sufficient number, biomass, or areal extent may reason-
ably be expected to prevent, or unreasonably interfere with, a
designated use of those waters.

(16) "Nursery Area of Indigenous Aquatic Life" hall mean any bed of
the following aquatic plants, either in monoculture or mixed: Halo-
duie spp., Halophila Engelmannii, Potamogeton spp., (pondweed),
Ruppia maritima, (widgeon-grass), Sagittaria spp. (arrowhead), Syrin-
godium filiforme, (manatee-grass), Thallasia testudinum (turtle
grass), or Vallisneria spp. (eel-grass), or any area used by the early-
life stages, larvae and post-larvae, of aquatic life during the period
of rapid growth and development into the juvenile stages.

(17) "Pollution shall mean the presence in the outdoor atmosphere or
waters of the state of any substances, contaminants, noise, or man-
made or man-induced alteration of the chemical, physical, biological
or radiological integrity of air or water in quantities or levels which
are or may be potentially harmful or injurious to human health or
welfare, animal or plant life, or property, including outdoor
recreation.

(18) Predominantly Fresh Waters" shall mean those surface waters in
which the specific conductance of the water at the surface is less
than 5,000 micromhos per centimeter.

(19) "Predominantly Marine Waters" shall mean those surface waters
in which the specifie conductance of the water at the surface is
greater than or equal to 5,000 micromhos per centimeter.

(20) "Propagation" shall mean reproduction sufficient to maintain the
species' role in its respective ecological community.

(21) "Secondary and Tertiary Canals" shall mean any wholly artificial
eanal or ditch which is behind a control structure and which is part of
a water control system that is connected to the works Get for in
Section 373.086, F.S.) of a water management district created under
Section 373.069, F.S., and that is permitted by such water manage-

-11-


Puerto Rico
(con't)

Quality of Surface Water and Effluents, EPA July 1973, Pub. No.
670/4-73-001" or by any other method approved by EQB, and
expressed in TLm 96-hours. The representative organism is to be
used must be approved by the Board prior to the examination.

Biota -- All living organisms within a region

Board -- The Environmental Quality Board of the Commonwealth of
Puerto Rico, as created pursuant to Law No. 9 of June 18, 1970.

Coastal waters -- Ocean waters within the jurisdiction of the United
States and Puerto Rico, as established by Article 8 of the Puerto
Rico Federal Relations Act of 1917, as amended, and all inland
waters which are subject to the ebb and flow of the tides.

Coliform group (Total Coliform) — All of the aerobic and facultative
anaerobic gram-negative, non spore-forming rod-shaped bacteria that
ferment lactose broth with gas formation within 48 hours at 35°C =
0.5° C.

Colloidal substances -- Minute substances including, but not limited
to, clay or other substances which do not settle out without the use
of a flocculant.

Commuities -- Populations dominated by one species or a specific
group of organisms. The community derives its name from that of the
dominant organism), such as coral reefs, and including mangroves
and limestone bed.

Discontinuity -- That zone or transition stratum that separates the
hypolimnion from the epilimnion.

Desirable species — Species indigenous to the area.

Discharge (to), Discharge — The outflow of wastewater from any
domestic, commercial, industrial, agricultural or any other source
into receiving waters.

Dissolved oxygen -- The concentration of free oxygen in the water.

Domestie wastes —- Any liquid, gaseous, or solid waste or a combi-
nation of all, from homes or buildings, generated as a result of
satisfying the basic human and animals nee&.

Effluent -- See Discharge

Emergency plan -—- The corrective procedure to be followed in the
ease of oil or toxic substances spills, or in the case of damage caused
by natural phenomena.

Emergency plan for Puerto Rico — Any plan, rule or regulation
adopted by the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico for preventing,
containing and countering spills of oil or toxie substances in the
waters of Puerto Rico.

-94-


Idaho
(con't)

Man-made Waterways: Canals, flumes, ditches, and similar features,
constructed for the purpose of water conveyance.

Milligrams per Liter (mg/1): Milligrams of solute per liter of solution,
equivalent to parts per million, assuming unit density.

Mixing Zone: A defined area or volume of the receiving water
surrounding or adjacent to a wastewater discharge where the
receiving water, as a result of the discharge, may not meet all
applicable water quality criteria or standard. It is considered a
place where wastewater mixes with receiving water and not as a
place where effluents are treated.

Nonpoint Source: A geographical area from which pollutants are
dissolved or suspended in water applied to or incident on that area,
the resultant mixture being discharged into the waters of the State.

Nutrients: The major substances necessary for the growth and repro-
duction of aquatic plant life, consisting of nitrogen, phosphorus, and
carbon compound.

Outstanding Resource Water: Those specific segments or bodies of
water which are recognized as having outstanding or unique
characteristics which enhance beneficial uses and result in the need
of intensive protection.

Person: An individual, corporation, partnership, association, state,
municipality, commission, political subdivision of the state, state
agency, federal agency, special district or interstate body.

Petroleum Products: Products derived from petroleum through
various refining processes.

Point Source: Any discernible, confined, and discrete conveyance,
including but not limited to any pipe, ditch, channel, tunnel, conduit,
well, discrete fissure, container, rolling stock, concentrated animal
feeding operation, or vessel or other floating craft, from which
pollutants are, or may be, discharged.

Pollutant: Dredged spoil, solid waste, incinerator residue, sewage,
garbage, sewage sludge, munitions, chemical waste, biological
materials, radioactive materials, heat, wrecked or discarded equip-
ment, rock, sand, silt, cellar dirt; and industrial, municipal and
agricultural waste, gases entrained in water; or other materials
which, when discharged to water in excessive quantities, cause or
contribute tc water pollution.

Primary Treatment: Processes or methods that serve as the first
stage treatment of wastewater, intended for removal of suspended
and settleable solid by gravity sedimentation; provides no changes in
dissolved anc colloidal matter in the sewage or wastes flow.

-16-


Missouri
(con't)

2. Class Pl: Standing-water reaches of Class P streams, including
impoundments.

3. Class C: Streams that may cause flow in dry periods, but
maintain permanent pools which support aquatic life.

(C) Water quality criteria: Chemical, physical, and biological
properties of water that are necessary to protect beneficial water
uses.

(D) Beneficial water uses:

1. Irrigation: Application of water to cropland or directly to plants
that may be used for human or livestock consumption. Occassional
supplemental irrigation, rather than continuous irrigation, is assumed.

2. Livestock watering and wildlife watering (LW,WW): Maintenance
of conditions to support health in livestock and wildlife.

3. Protection of warm-water aquatic life: Maintenance of conditions
to sustain warm-water fish and other warm-water aquatic life,
including critical stages of reproduction and early life. It will include
warm-water sport fishing.

4. Coldwater sport fishery (CWSF): Maintenance of conditions to
support the propagation or stocking of trout.

5. Whole-body contact recreation (WBCR): Activities in which there
is direct human contact with the raw surface water to the point of
complete body submergence. The raw water may be ingested
accidentally and certain sensitive body organs, such as the eyes, ears,
and the nose, will be exposed to the water. Although the water may
be ingested accidentally, it is not intended to be used as a potable
supply unless acceptable treatment is applied. Water so designated is
intended to be used for swimming, water skiing or skin diving.

6. Drinking water supply (DWS): Maintenance of a raw water supply
which will yield potable water by common treatment processes.

7. Industrial process water and industrial cooling water: Water to
support various industrial uses; since quality needs will vary by
industry, no specific criteria are set in these standard.

8. Commercial Fishery: Aquatic life criteria and Food and Drug
Administration limits for fish consumption are applicable.

9. Boating and canoeing: Activities in which very little contact with
water is assumed.

(E) Outstanding national resource waters: Waters which have out-
standing recreation and ecological significance. These waters shall
receive special protection against any degradation in quality. Rivers
of the Ozark National Scenic Riverways and the Wild and Scenic
Rivers systems are so designated.

-45-


Guam
(con't)

3. change) in community structure to resemble a simpler sueces-
sional stage than is natural for the locality and season in question;

4, unaesthetic appearance, odor or taste of the waters;

5. elimination of an established or potential economic or recrea-
tional use of the waters;

6. reduction of the suecessful completion of life cycles of indige-
nous species, including those of migratory species; and

7. substantial reduction of community heterogeneity or trophic
structure.

"Aquifer" shall mean a water-bearing stratum of permeable rock,
sand, or gravel.

"Best pollutant removal or control" shall mean a feasible process
which, as demonstrated by general use, demonstration process or
Pilot plants represents good engineering practice at reasonable cost
at the time a discharge permit is issued by the Agency.

"Coastal waters" includes "near-shore waters" "off-shore waters," and
"estuaries."

"Conservation" means planned management of a natural resource to
prevent destruction or neglect.

"Direct rapid movement" shall mean the movement of effluent
through the soil and underlying rock strata in such a manner that
pollutants which would adversely impact on the designated uses of
the receiving water are not removed.

"Discharger" shall mean any person who emits any wastewater,
substance, or material into the waters of the Territory, whether or
not such substance causes pollution.

"Effluent" shall mean any point source wastewater discharged
directly or indirectly to waters of the Territory or to any storm
sewer, and the runoff from land used for the disposition of solid
wastes, wastewater, or dudges.

"Effluent limitation" shall mean any restriction or prohibition
established under Territorial or Federal Law including, but not
limited to, parameters for toxie and non-toxic discharges, standard
of performance for new sources, or ocean discharge criteria. The
restrictions or prohibitions shall specify quantities, rates, and
concentrations of chemical, physical, biological, and other consti-
tuents which are discharged to the waters of the Territory.

"Equivalent. to (secondary treatment)" shall mean that process or
group of processes aehieving a maximum practicable removal of

-90-


Iowa (con't)

Kansas !4

Kentucky!®

"Secondary contact" means any recreational or other water use in
which contact with the water is either incidental or accidental and in
which the probability of ingesting appreciable quantities of water is
minimal, such as fishing, commercial and recreational boating and
any limited contact incidental to shoreline activity.

"Shallow well" means a well located and constructed in such a manner
that there is not a continuous five foot layer of low permeability soil
or rock between the aquifer from which the water supply is drawn
and a point 25 feet below the normal ground surface.

"Standard methods" means "Standard Methods for the Examination of
Water and Waste Water", 14th Edition, 1975. This publication is
available from the American Public Health Association, 1015 18th
Street, N.W., Washington, D.C. 20036.

"Temperature" m~ans a measure of the heat content of water.

"Turbidity" is a measure of the optical property of the particles of
mud, clay, silt, finely divided organic matter, or microscopic
organisms suspended in water that interfere with light transmission,
causing the light to be scattered and absorbed rather than trars-
mitted through the water in straight lines.

Not specified

Section 1. Definitions and Abbreviations.

(i) General function of definitions. The following definitions
describe terms used in this chapter. Terms not defined below shall
have the meaning given to them in relevant statutes or, if not defined
instatutes, the meaning attributed by common use.

(a) "Aquifer" means any formation of soil, sand, rock, gravel, lime-
stone, sandstone, or other material or any fracture, crevice, or void
in any space formation from which underground water is or may be
available.

(b) "Coldwater aquatic habitat" means surface waters and associated
substrate that will support indigenous aquatic life as well as stocked
trout.

(ce) "Conventional domestic water supply treatment" means or
includes coagulation, sedimentation, filtration, and chlorination.

(d) "Criteria" mean  pecifie concentrations of water constituents
which, if not exceeded, are expected to result in an aquatic eco-
system suitable for designated uses of waters). Such criteria are
derived to protect legitimate uses such as aquatic life, domestic
water supply, and recreational use.

(e) "Division" means the Division of Water Quality.


Florida
(con't)

Georgia

ment district pursuant to Section 373.103, Section 373,412, or
Section 373.416 F.S.

(22) "Secretary" shall mean the Secretary of the Department of
Environmental regulation.

(23) "Shannon-Weaver Diversity Index" shall mean: negative summa-
tion (i-1 to S) of (n,/N) log, (N.N) where S is the number of species in
asample, N is the total numbet of individuals inspecies i.

(24) "Special Water s' shall mean water bodies designated in accord-
ance with 17-3.041 by the Environmental Regulation commission for
inclusion in the Special Waters Category of Outstanding Florida
Waters, as contained in Section 17-3.041, Florida Administrative
Code. A Special Water may include all or part of any water body.

(25) "Surface Water" means water upon the surface of the earth,
whether contained in bounds created naturally or artificially or
diffused. Water from natural springs shall be classified as surface
water when it exits from the spring onto the earth's surface.

(26) "Waters" shall be as defined in Section 403.031 (3), Florida
Statutes.

(27) "Zone of Discharge" shall mean a volume underlying or
surrounding the point of discharge within which an opportunity for
the treatment, mixture or dispersion of wastes into receiving ground-
waters has been afforded.

(28) "Zone of Mixing" shall mean a volume of surface water contain-
ing the point or area of discharge and within which an opportunity for
the mixture of wastes with receiving surface waters has been
afforded.

All terms used in this Paragraph shall be interpreted in accordance
with definitions as set forth in the Act and as otherwise herein
defined:

(a) Reasonable and necessary uses" means drinking water supplies,
conservation of fish, game and other aquatic life, agricultural,
industrial, recreational, and other legitimate uses.

(b) "Shellfish" refers to clams, oysters, scallops, mussels, and other
mollusks.

(c) "Intake temperature" i he natural or background temperature of
a particular waterbody unaffected by any man-made discharge or
thermal input.

(d) "Coastal waters" are those littoral recreational waters on the
ocean side of the Georgia coast.

-12-


New Mexico
(con't)

New York29

Interstate Waters - All waters which cross or form a part of the
border between States.

Intrastate Waters - All waters of the State which are not interstate
waters.

LC-50 - The concentration of a substance that is lethal to 50% of the
test organisms within a defined time period.

Limited Warmwater Fishery - A stream reach where intermittent
flow may severely limit the ability of the reach to sustain a natural
fish population on a continuous annual basis; or a stream where
fase! data indicates that water temperature may exceed 32. 2°c
90°F)

Marginal Coldwater Fishery - A stream reach, lake or impoundment
known to support a coldwater fish population during at least some
portion of the year, even through historical data indicates that the
t eon temperature in the stream may frequently exceed 20°C
6

Milligrams per liter (mg/l) - Milligrams of solute per liter of solution;
equivalent to parts per million when specific gravity of solute =
1,000.

Primary Contact - Any recreational or other water use in which there
is prolonged and intimate contact with the water, such as swimming
and water skiing, involving considerable risk of ingesting water in
quantities sufficient to pose a significant health hazard.

Secondary Contact - Any recreational or other water use in which
contact with the water is either incidental or accidental and in which
the probability of ingesting appreciable quantities of water is
minimal, such as fishing, commercial and recreational boating and
any limited contact incident to shore line activity.

TDS - Total dissolved solid.

Warmwater Fishery - A stream reach, lake or impoundment where
the water temperature and other characteristics are suitable for the
support of warmwater fishes such as large-mouth black bass, small-
mouth black bass, crappie, white bass, bluegill, flathead catfish, or
channel catfish.

Industrial water supply, municipal and industrial water supply, live-
stock and wildlife watering, irrigation storage, municipal and indus-
trial water storage are self explanatory and no definitions are
needed.

(a) Commissioner shall mean the Commissioner of the Department of
Environmental Conservation.

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Page 766:0504-0509, October 5, 1979
Pages 771:0502-0504, September 29, 1978
Pages 776:0504-0506, April 10, 1979
Pages 781:0501-0502, May 18, 1979
Pages 786:0501-0502, August 29, 1975
Page 791:0583, May 26, 1978

Pages 796:0103-0108, February 16, 1979
Pages 801:1001-1002, Sept. 29, 1978
Page 806:1003, March 30, 1979

Page 811:1043, 1974

Pages 816:0602-0607, 0642-0648, 1974
Pages 821:0502-0505, June 30, 1978
Pages 831:0501-0510, February 21, 1975
Page 836:0502, June 30, 1978

Pages 841:0507-0537, December 7, 1979
Pages 846:0501-0508, November 17, 1978
Pages 851:1001-1023, December 15, 1978
Pages 856:1001-1002, July 18, 1978
Pages 861:1002-1007, August 11, 1979

Pages 866:1004-1009, December 28, 1979

“Pages 871:0501-0506, November 25, 1977

Pages 876:1001-1043, May 26, 1978
Pages 881:1001-1007, September 21, 1979
Pages 886:0513-0524, August 29, 1975

Pages 891:1001-1129, November 16, 1979


American SamoaTM

District of 8
Columbia

"Applicant means any person who has applied for permission to
discharge wastes.

"Grantee" means any person who has received permission from
Environmental Quality Commission for such discharges.

"Person" also includes any industry, business, village, district, the
territory, or any department or agency thereof.

“Coastal waters" includes all oceanic and estuarine waters within a
12 mile limit of shore.

"Best practicable treatment or control" is that degree of treatment
for municipal or industrial wastes found necessary to meet the
requirements of the Federal Water Pollution Control Act, as
amended, and to provide the water quality required to protect the
clas sified uses of the receiving water.

"Receiving water" is that stream, aquifer, or body of water receiving
a discharge in any physical form.

"Standards of water quality" and "Water Quality Standards" are
herein defined to be synonumous with the meaning of "Water quality
criteria" as defined in the Federal Water Pollution Control Act, as
amended.

"Primary contact waters for recreational purposes" are those waters
where such actvities as swimming, wading, water skiing, surfing, and
other activities occur and in which there is prolonged and intimate
contact with the water involving considerable risk of ingesting water
in quantities sufficient to pose a significant health hazard.

Bacteria - A group of test organisms which are used as indicators of
the sanitary quality of the water. Fecal coliform bacteria is the
specific test organism selected by the District of Columbia for this
purpose. Bacterial concentrations originate primarily from municipal
waste treatment plants, sanitary and combined sewers, storm drains,
vessels, and agricultural wastes.

Critria - Measurements or descriptions of instream water quality
used as guidelines insetting discharge permit effluent limitations.

Degradation - A measurable deterioration in receiving stream
(beyond a prescribed mixing zone) of one or more of the five (5)
constituents of water quality for which standards are designated
herein.

Dissolved Oxygen (D.O.) - The oxygen dissolved as a gas in sewage,
water, or other liquid usually expressed in milligrams per liter (mg/l),
parts per million (ppm), or percent saturation. Adequate dissolved
oxygen levels are necessary in waters to protect fish and other
aquatic life and to prevent offensive odors. Low dissolved oxygen

~88-


Maryland
(con't)

(6) "Base flow" means the discharge entering stream channels from
ground water or other delayed sources; i.e., stream flow periods not
affected by recent rainfall.

(7) “Best Practicable Control Technology Currently Available"
(BPCTCA) means a feasible process which, as demonstrated by
general use, demonstration process or pilot plants represents good
engineering practice at reasonable cost at the time the State
Discharge Permit is issued or thereafter modified or reissued. For
discharges from publicly owned treatment works and other sewage
treatment facilities, BPCTCA means the secondary treatment levels
specified by the Aministration in the state Discharge permits.

(8) "Bunkering" m ans the process of fueling a vessel.

(9) "Coliform organisms" means all of the aerobic and facultative
anaerobic, Gram-negative, non-spore-forming, rod-shaped bacteria
that ferment lactose broth with gas formation within 48 hours at 35
degrees C.

(10) "Collecting agents" means chemicals or other agents that can
gel, congeal, herd, entrap, fix or make an oil mass more rigid or
viscous to facilitate itsremoval from the water surface.

(11) "Control" means the possession of the power to direct or cause
the direction of the management policies of a person.

(12) "Department" means the Department of Natural Resources.

(13) "Design stream flow" means the seven (7) consecutive days low-
flow which has a frequency of recurrence of once in ten (10) years.

(14) "Discharge" means the addition, introduction, leaking, spilling, or
emitting any pollutant to waters of the State or the placing of any
pollutant in a location where it is likely to pollute.

(15) "Dispersants' means those chemical agents or compounds which
emulsify, disperse or solubilize oil or which act to further the surface
spreading of oil slicks in order to facilitate dispersal of oil.

(16) "Disposal system" means a system for disposing of wastes, either
by surface or underground methods, and includes treatment works,
disposal wells and other systems.

(17) "Effluent" means the outflow into the waters of the State of
waste, whether treated or untreated, from an industrial process,
holding tank, pond, sewer, or other point source.

(18) "Effluent limitations’ means any restrictions or prohibitions
established under State or Federal Law including but not limited to
parameters for toxic and nontoxic discharges, standards of perfor-
mance for new sources, or ocean discharge criteria. The restrictions

-33-


Puerto Rico
(con't)

Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) — The Environmental
Protection Agency of the United States established pursuant to the
Reorganization Plan Number 3 of 1970.

Epilimnion —- That region of water that extends from the surface to
the thermocline.

Estuary — That part of the mouth or lower course of a river in which
the fresh water meets the sea water and where the ebb and flow of
the tides is felt, constituting an inlet part ocean and part river.

Fecal coliform -- The portion of the coliform group which is present
in the gut or the feces of warm-blooded animals. It generally
includes organisms which are capable of producing gas from. lagtose
broth in a suitable culture medium within 24 hours at 44.5°C -0.2°C.

Final Mixing Zone (FMZ) -- That space in the receiving water body
located beyond the IMZ and defined by a discharge plume, where
mixing takes place primarily because of the difference in concen-
trations between the effluent and the receiving water, intermolecular
reactions, ambient turbulence and temperature gradients. The deve-
lopment and determination of said FMZ shall be reviewed and
approved by the Board subject to the applicable provisions of Article
5 of this Regulation.

FWPCAA —The Federal Water Pollution control Act Amendments of
1972.

Hypolimnion — That region of a body of water that extends from the
thermocline to the bottom of the body of water and is removed from
surface influence.

Industrial wastes -- Any liquid, gaseous, or solid waste, or a combi-
nation thereof, resulting from any industrial, manufacturing, or
commercial process.

Initial Mixing Zone (IMZ) — That space in a receiving water body
immediately adjacent to an effluent discharge and defined by the
discharge plume, where mixing occurs primarily because of the
turbulence created by the discharge exit velocity and the density
differences between the effluent and the receiving water. Where a
single source is responsible for multiple discharges of effluents with
similar characteristics, a single Initial Mixing Zone will be applicable.
The development and determination of said Initial Mixing Zone shall
be reviewed by the Board subject to the applicable provisions of
Article 5 of the Regulation.

Mixing zones — Areas in a body of water where the effluent is diluted
with the receiving waters.

Municipal wastes -- Water carrying human and animal wastes from

homes, building, industrial establishments and other places alone or in
combination with industrial wastes.

~95-


Maryland
(con't)

(38) "New source" means any source, the construction of which is
commenced after the publication of proposed regulations by the EPA
prescribing a standard of performance which will be applicable to
such source if such standard is thereafter promulgated.

(39) "Onshore facility" means any installation (including, but not
limited to terminals, motor vehicle and rolling stock) of any kind
located in, on, or under any land within the State.

(40) "Offshore facility" means any installation of any kind located in,
on, or under, any of the navigable waters within the State other than
a vessel.

(41) "Oil" means any of a number of unctuous combustible substances
which are liquid at ambient temperature and atmospheric pressure, or
easily liquefiable on warming and soluble in ether, and which include
fuel oil, gasoline, kerosene, lubricating oil, other petroleum products,
oil bearing sludge, oil refuse, oil mixed with ballest or bilge water,
and oil mixed with wastes.

(42) "operator" means that person or those persons with responsibility
for the management and performance of each facility.

(43) "Other aquatic life" means all organisms, other than fish, which
grow in, live in, or frequent water.

(44) "Other waste" means garbage, refuse, wood, sawdust, shavings,
bark, sand, lime, cinders, ashes, offal, oil, tar, dyestuffs, acid,
chemicals, and all discarded substances other than sewage or indus-
trial waste.

(45) "Permeability" (of an aquifier) means the volume of water at the
prevailing kinematic viscosity that will move in unit time under a
unit hydraulic gradient through a unit area measured at right angle to
the direction of flow.

(46) "Permit" means written authorization issued by the Admini-
stration pursuant to pertinent law and regulations and describing
required performance for specific activities and operations, including
--depending on context -- a State Discharge Permit, an NPDES
Permit, an Oil Operations Permit, and others

(47) "Permittee" means the person holding a permit issued by the
Administration.

(48) "Person" includes the State, any county, municipal corporation,
or other political subdivision of the State, or any of their units, or an
individual, receiver, trustee, guardian, executor, administrator, fidu-
ciary, or representative of any kind, or any partnership, firm,
association, public or private corporation, or any other entity.

~36-