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[Congressional Bills 118th Congress]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office]
[H.R. 8663 Enrolled Bill (ENR)]

        H.R.8663

                     One Hundred Eighteenth Congress

                                 of the

                        United States of America

                          AT THE SECOND SESSION

         Begun and held at the City of Washington on Wednesday,
         the third day of January, two thousand and twenty-four

                                 An Act

 
 To require the Science and Technology Directorate in the Department of 
  Homeland Security to develop greater capacity to detect and identify 
             illicit substances in very low concentrations.

    Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the 
United States of America in Congress assembled,
SECTION 1. SHORT TITLES.
    This Act may be cited as the ``Detection Equipment and Technology 
Evaluation to Counter the Threat of Fentanyl and Xylazine Act of 2024'' 
or the ``DETECT Fentanyl and Xylazine Act of 2024''.
SEC. 2. ENHANCING THE CAPACITY TO DETECT AND IDENTIFY DRUGS SUCH AS 
FENTANYL AND XYLAZINE.
    Section 302 of the Homeland Security Act of 2002 (6 U.S.C. 182) is 
amended--
        (1) in paragraph (13), by striking ``and'' at the end;
        (2) in paragraph (14), by striking the period at the end and 
    inserting ``; and''; and
        (3) by adding at the end the following:
        ``(15) carrying out, in coordination with the Drug Enforcement 
    Administration, research, development, testing, evaluation, and 
    cost-benefit analyses to improve the safety, effectiveness, and 
    efficiency of equipment and the effectiveness and efficiency of 
    reference libraries for use by Federal, State, local, Tribal, and 
    territorial law enforcement agencies for the accurate detection of 
    drugs, such as fentanyl and xylazine, including--
            ``(A) portable equipment that can detect and identify drugs 
        with minimal or no handling of the sample;
            ``(B) equipment that can separate complex mixtures 
        containing low concentrations of drugs and high concentrations 
        of cutting agents into their component parts to enable 
        signature extraction for field identification and detection; 
        and
            ``(C) technologies that use machine learning or artificial 
        intelligence (as defined in section 5002 of the National 
        Artificial Intelligence Initiative Act of 2020 (15 U.S.C. 
        9401)) and other techniques to predict whether the substances 
        in a sample are controlled substance analogues or other new 
        psychoactive substances not yet included in available reference 
        libraries.''.
SEC. 3. REQUIREMENTS.
    In carrying out section 302(15) of the Homeland Security Act of 
2002, as added by section 2, the Under Secretary for Science and 
Technology shall--
        (1) follow the recommendations, guidelines, and best practices 
    described in the Artificial Intelligence Risk Management Framework 
    (NIST AI 100-1) or any successor document published by the National 
    Institute of Standards and Technology; and
        (2) establish the Directorate of Science and Technology's 
    research, development, testing, evaluation, and cost-benefit 
    analysis priorities under such section 302(15) based on the latest 
    available information, including specific drugs identified as 
    threats in--
            (A) the latest Homeland Threat Assessment published by the 
        Department of Homeland Security;
            (B) the latest State and Territory Report on Enduring and 
        Emerging Threats published by the Drug Enforcement 
        Administration; or
            (C) any successor documents.
SEC. 4. RULE OF CONSTRUCTION.
    Nothing in this Act may be construed to limit the authority of 
agencies currently managing, overseeing, or otherwise involved in drug 
equipment and reference libraries.

                               Speaker of the House of Representatives.

                            Vice President of the United States and    
                                               President of the Senate.
```