LARGE -SPRINGS IN THE VALLEY AND 

RIDGE PROVINCE IN TENNESSEE 

By E.F. Hollyday and Mark A. Smith 

U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 

Water-Resources Investigations Report 894205 

Nashville, Tennessee 

1990 
DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR 

MANUEL LUJAN, JR., Secretary 

U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 

Dallas L. Peck, Director 

For additional information write to: Copies can be purchased from: 

District Chief 

U.S. Geological Survey 

A-413 Federal Building 

U.S. Courthouse 

Nashville, Tennessee 37203 

U.S. Geological Survey 

Books and Open-File Reports Section 

Federal Center, Bldg. 810 

Box 25425 

Denver, Colorado 80225 
CONTENTS 

Abstract 1 

Introduction 1 

Data compilation and analyses 

References cited 9 

2 

ILLUSTRATIONS 

Figure 1. Map showing the Appalachian Valleys-Piedmont Regional 

Aquifer-System Analysis study area, physiographic provinces, 

and area studied in this report 3 

2. Map showing the location and mean discharge of large springs 

in the Valley and Ridge province and adjacent parts of the 

Blue Ridge province in Tennessee 4 

TABLE 

Table 1. Discharge characteristics of large springs in the Valley and Ridge province 

and adjacent parts of the Blue Ridge province in Tennessee 6 

CONVERSION FACTORS 

For those readers who may prefer to use metricunits rather than inch-pound units, conversion 

factors for terms used in this report are-listed below: 

Multiply inch-pound units By To obtain metric units 

foot (ft) 0.3048 

mile (mi) 1.609 

cubic foot per second (ft3/s) 0.02832 

meter (m) 

kilometer (km) 

cubic meter per second (m3/s) 

. . . 

111 
LARGE SPRINGS IN THE VALLEY AND 

RIDGE PROVINCE IN TENNESSEE 

by E.F. Hollyday and Mark A. Smith 

ABSTRACT 

Approximately 2,700 miscellaneous 

discharge measurements for I71 large springs in 28 

counties of East Tennessee, predominantly within 

the Valley and Ridge physiographic province, were 

analyzed statistically and results tabulated to summarize data useful to the Appalachian ValleysPiedmont Regional Aquifer-System Analysis study. 

The number of measurements at each spring ranged 

from 1 to 65. Information for each spring includes 

station number, latitude, longitude, spring name, 

and where data are sufficient, an estimate of the 

mean discharge and the discharge exceeded by 75, 

50, and 25 percent of the miscellaneous measurements. Data are referenced to locations on a 

I: I, 000, OOO-scale map. The highest mean spring 

discharge was 32.2 cubic feet per second (14,500 

gallons per minute). 

INTRODUCTION 

In 1978, the U.S. Geological Survey initiated the Regional Aquifer-System Analysis 

(RASA) program in response to Congressional 

concern over the drought of 1977. The purposes 

of the RASA program are to define the regional 

hydrology and geology and to establish a 

framework of background information on geology, hydrology, and water chemistry for the 

Nation’s important aquifer systems. This information is critically needed to develop an understanding of regional ground-water flow systems 

and to support more efficient ground-water 

resources management (Sun, 1986). 

As a part of the RASA program, the Survey 

began a S-year study in 1988 of the ground-water 

resources of an ll-state area that includes parts 

of East Tennessee (fig. 1). The 5year study, 

designated the Appalachian Valleys-Piedmont 

Regional Aquifer-System Analysis (APRASA), 

is investigating the quantity and quality of 

ground-water resources in the unglaciated part 

of the Valley and Ridge, Blue Ridge, and Piedmont physiographic provinces. Included in the 

ground-water resources of the area are the principal springs that are being or could be used for 

water supply. Springs are an important water 

source for many large cities in the region including several in East Tennessee. In addition, 

springs have hydrologic importance as the outlet 

for large, integrated ground-water-flow systems 

in the soluble rocks in the APRASA study area. 

Studies of springs in East Tennessee were 

begun by the Survey in 193 1 following the severe 

drought of 1930 (Sun and others, 1963). Later, a 

reconnaissance of ground water available from 

both wells and springs was begun in 1947 with 

field work completed in 1953. This work 

resulted in the publication of information on 960 

springs in East Tennessee (DeBuchananne and 

Richardson, 1956). Ninety of the larger springs 

were selected for further study; their flows were 
measured monthly for a period of 1 to 4 years 

(Sun and others, 1963). The period of measurement included the moderate drought from 195 1 

to 1954. The discharge measurements of 84 of 

the 90 springs were analyzed for magnitude and 

variability. They reported a total of 66 springs in 

East Tennessee with mean discharges that exceeded 1 ft3/s, four of which had mean discharges 

that exceeded 10 ft”/s. No spring had a mean 

discharge in excess of 100 ft3/s. 

This report summarizes the discharge information available for springs in the APRASA 

area in East Tennessee that have mean discharges greater than 0.25 ft3/s. The summary is in the 

form of a small-scale location map (fig. 2) and a 

table (table 1) giving location, name, and statistical measures of the flow of each spring. 

DATA COMPILATION 

AND ANALYSES 

Data on approximately 2,700 measurements of spring discharge for 171 springs in 28 

counties of East Tennessee are stored in the 

Geological Survey’s computerized file of miscellaneous measurements in the Tennessee District. The records were analyzed using a statistical software program. The data for each 

spring (from 1 to 65 measurements) were 

analyzed to determine the mean discharge and 

the discharge exceeded by 75,50, and 25 percent 

of the miscellaneous measurements. Springs 

with mean discharge of less than 0.25 ft3/s were 

not tabulated (table 1). The remaining 134 

springs were plotted as circles on a 1:1,000,000- 

scale map using geographic information system 

(GIS) software (fig. 2). All but seven springs are 

located within the Valley and Ridge physiographic province as delineated by Fenneman 

(1946). The area of each circle is proportional to 

the mean discharge of the corresponding spring. 

A map number was assigned to each spring and 

these numbers are cross referenced with station 

numbers in table 1. The reader may determine 

a more accurate location of each spring with 

regard to hydrographic features, cultural features, or boundaries of larger-scale topographicquadrangle maps by overlaying figure 2 on a 

1: l,OOO,OOO-scale map index (US. Geological 

Survey, 1980). 

Because the number of measurements at 

each spring is relatively small, the maximum and 

minimum discharges listed in table 1 should not 

be construed as the full range in flow that could 

be expected over a long period of time. In addition, because the measurements are irregularly 

distributed over a number of years and 

hydrologic conditions, the P75, P50, and P25 

values should not be construed as representative 

of flow duration. 
40 

35’ 

SO’ 

90° 85O 80° 79 

I I I I 

EXPLANATION 

PHYSIOGRAPHIC PROVINCES 

114 Valley and Ridge 

tl Piedmont 

q Blue Ridge and 

New England 

cl REPORT AREA 

Figure 1. --The Appalachian Valleys-Piedmont Regional Aquifer-System 

Analysis study area, physiographic provinces, and area studied 

in this report. 

3 
TENNESSEE 84O 

Valley and Ridge provinc 

Blue Ridge province 

Figure 2. --Location and mean discharge 

province and adjacent parts of the 

4 
83’ 82 

0 

134 132 

O 133 0 

0 10 20 30 40 MILES 

t I I I I I I I 

0 10 20 30 40 KILOMETERS 

EXPLANATION 

0 72 SPRING AND MAP NUMBER--See table 1 

O-z gg 5 MEAN DISCHARGE, IN CUBIC FEET 

PER SECOND 

SCALE OF 

DIAMETERS 

of large springs in the Valley and Ridge 

Blue Ridge province in Tennessee. 

5 
Table 1 .--Discharge characteristics of large springs in the Valley and Ridge province 

and adjacent parts of the Blue Ridge province in Tennessee 

[ Latitude and longitude in degrees, minutes, and seconds. Spring discharge is in cubic feet per second. P75, P50, P25, is discharge 

that is equalled or exceeded by 75,50, and 25 percent of the discharge measurements, respectively. Min is the minimum discharge 

measurement of record. Max is the maximum discharge measurement of record. Mean is the arithmetic mean, unless there is 

only one measurement. In this case, the one measurement is listed as the mean. --, insufficient data to determine a value] 

No. 

of 

Discharge meaMap Station Lati- Longi- Station sureNO. number tude tude name Min P75 P50 P25 Max Mean ments 

TAYLOR SPRING NEAR APISON 

FLINT SPRING AT FLINT SPRINGS 

HIGGINS SPRINGS NEAR CLEVELAND 

SEATON SPRINGS NEAR CLEVELAND 

0.14 

.29 

.08 

1.87 

.41 

.07 

.86 

0.34 

.37 

.41 

0.40 

.45 

.61 

2.98 

1.05 

0.55 0.64 

.52 .55 

0.43 

.45 

.62 

3.02 

1.13 

.39 

1.34 

.47 

6.03 

.73 

1.95 

.61 

.49 

:; 

:: 

18 

1 03566180 

2 02384930 

3 02384950 

4 02384920 

5 03566205 

6 03566210 

7 02384905 

8 03566190 

9 03566446 

10 03566220 

11 03565290 

12 03564905 

13 03564901 

14 03565400 

15 03566540 

16 03566098 

17 03566252 

18 03566449 

19 03566255 

i!O 03566110 

;!l 03565252 

>!2 035571453 

;!3 03557140 

:!4 035571455 

;?5 03557180 

;!6 03565220 

;?7 03566130 

;?8 03566265 

29 03566258 

30 03566288 

31 035654363 

32 03565140 

33 03544218 

34 03544606 

35 03544605 

350136 845814 

350157 845424 

350218 845538 

350243 845407 

.82 1.28 

.49 

2.70 

.83 

.22 

1.10 

.43 

162 

3.42 3.97 

1.45 2.01 

.28 

5.39 

.37 

1.28 

.47 

.67 

.55 

1.59 

.52 

:85 

.B3 1.52 1.83 2.42 

.lO .26 .73 .89 

.16 .24 .35 .57 

.94 1.90 2.15 2.47 

.08 3.51 16.2 32.6 

.38 .52 .60 .74 

.42 .65 .74 .85 

1.02 3.38 4.23 10.5 

.48 .71 .82 .98 

.42 1.09 1.48 2.14 

1.56 2.13 2.47 2.95 

-25 _- __ __ 

-47 -- -- -- 

.82 

.21 165 1x5 lT42 

.50 .66 .92 1.38 

1.37 2.18 2.55 3.11 

.69 1.78 2.86 4.63 

1.35 1.51 1.70 2.23 

*21 -- -- -- 

350511 845517 

350515 845535 

350726 845105 

350750 845840 

350751 850457 

350834 845448 

350848 844627 

350943 843802 

350955 843741 

351026 844659 

MOORE AND EADS SPRINGS AT BLUE SPRINGS 

TRIPLETT SPRING NEAR MCDONALD 

WILDWOOD SPRING NEAR CLEVELAND 

ROARK SPRING NEAR MCDONALD 

CARSON SPRING NEAR OOLTEWAH 

HALL SPRING NEAR CLEVELAND 

.88 

1.98 

.66 

6.40 

1.19 

3.63 

1.26 

1.36 

4.58 

43.7 

1.09 

1.04 

15.6 

1.16 

2.86 

3.31 

19 

CARPENTER SPRING NEAR CLEVELAND 

SHELTON SPRING NEAR BENTON 

MAYNO-PRESTWOOD SPRINGS NEAR BENTON 

RICHEY SPRING NEAR CLEVELAND 

CAVE SPRING NEAR HIXSON 

34 

19 

1: 

91 

25 

2.23 21 

351148 851354 17.5 28 

351216 844955 

351342 845203 

351416 850041 

351424 845148 

351442 844715 

351641 843611 

351745 843033 

351754 843027 

351804 843103 

352147 843108 

352201 843237 

352319 844227 

352350 845414 

352512 844817 

352657 850333 

352724 843429 

352733 842916 

352839 845007 

352932 850119 

352935 850118 

353004 843018 

353005 844428 

353056 841850 

353116 843644 

353247 842914 

353258 842926 

353416 842901 

HARDWICK SPRING NEAR CLEVELAND .63 31 

PULLAM SPRING NEAR CLEVELAND .75 

6.47 

.84 

1.56 

ANDERSON SPRING NEAR GEORGETOWN 

MCKENZIE SPRING NEAR CLEVELAND 

BELLE FOUNTE SPRINGS AT BELLE FOUNTE 

2.53 

.64 

1.97 

1.55 

1.12 

1.01 

2.65 

3.43 

1.85 

.61 

2.47 

2.27 

15 

6 

i 

14 

13 

34 

DODD SPRING AT DENTVILLE 

MCSPADDEN SPRING NEAR ETOWAH 

TUGGLE SPRINGS NEAR ETOWAH 

FOWLER SPRING NEAR ETOWAH 

CROCKETT SPRING NEAR ETOWAH 

CHESTNUT SPRING NEAR ETOWAH 

1.22 

4.79 

2.98 

2.20 

1.58 

BELL SPRING AT RICEVILLE 4.46 

BIG SPRING AT BIG SPRING 10.3 

2.79 

1.71 

4.11 

4.50 

30 

SHORT CREEK SPRING NEAR GOODFIELD 14 

HENSON-ROGERS SPRING AT GRAYSVILLE 

INGLESIDE SPRING AT ATHENS 

HICKS-BROWN SPRING NEAR ENGLEWOOD 

MARLER SPRING NEAR GODDFIELD 

DAYTON SPRING NO. 2 AT DAYTON 

DAYTON SPRING NO. 1 AT DAYTON 

7 

3: 

14 

:: 

29 

: 

.15 

1.02 1149 2106 3123 

.29 .89 1.45 2.63 

.13 .20 .29 .33 

.51 .B2 1.23 1.41 

1.48 3.71 4.82 7.11 

-- -- -- -- 

1121 3108 4113 6133 

-17 _- -- -- 

5.21 1.88 

.36 .27 

1.88 

9.77 

-- 

1.16 

5.39 

.87 

.B2 

4.56 

-- 

7Ti9 

.83 

-33 -- -_ -- 

.Ofj -_ __ __ 

-29 -- -- -- 

.78 2.00 2.92 4.93 

-- -- -- -- 

157 1169 2:i6 31iO 

:&J 1: 1: 1: 

1.60 -_ __ __ 

1.50 

.55 

3.12 

9.63 

_- 

1:;7 

3.58 

1.33 

4.63 

2.46 

1.82 

4.23 

2154 

7.85 

1.72 

4.20 

MALONE SPRING NEAR NI~TA 

MITCHELLS SPRINGS NEAR DECATUR 

ROSS JEWEL SPRING NEAR MADISONVILLE 

ARNWINE SPRING NEAR ATHENS 

BELL SPRING NEAR SWEETWATER 

DUGAN SPRING NEAR SWEETWATER 

UNNAMED SPRING AT WOOD 

HOWARD SPRING NEAR SWEETWATER 

KILPATRICK SPRING NEAR SWEETWATER 

UNNAMED SPRING NEAR OLD SWEETWATER 

FURROW SPRING NEAR SWEETWATER 

REED SPRING NEAR PHILADELPHIA 

WILSON SPRING NEAR SWEETWATER 

BLUE SPRING AT RHEA SPRINGS 

DUNN SPRING NEAR TOWNSEND 

36 03565425 

37 035662565 

38 03518790 

39 03566119 

40 03520022 

19 

2 

5 

3 

41 03520031 

42 035200383 

43 03519710 

44 03520040 

45 035200525 

46 035200529 

47 03520060 

48 03520165 

49 03542512 

!50 03497319 

353417 842504 

353458 842721 

353759 842455 

353759 842540 

353848 842313 

353945 842911 

354002 845103 

354004 834647 

30 

1 

4: 

: 

3 

6 
Table 1 .--Discharge characteristics of large springs in the Valley and Ridge province 

and adjacent parts of the Blue Ridge province in Tennessee--Continued 

No. 

of 

Map Station Lati- LongiDischarge meaStation sureNo. number tude tude name Min P75 P50 P25 Max Mean ments 

51 03519730 354029 

52 03543180 354102 

53 03520075 354135 

841640 

844017 

842253 

841902 

841921 

835906 

843957 

SIMPSON SPRING NEAR LOUDON 

KEYLONS SPRING NEAR TEN MILE 

CALLAWAY SPRING NEAR PHILADELPHIA 

LAMBERT SPRING NEAR LOUDON 

MCKELVEY SPRING NEAR LOUDON 

PEARSON SPRING AT HARYVILLE 

BLUE SPRING NEAR EUCHEE 

BIG SPRING NEAR FRIENDSVILLE 

GORDONS SPRING NEAR EUCHEE 

KIDD SPRING NEAR MARYVILLE 

3.12 

.21 

165 

.88 

1.10 

.56 

1.58 

.33 

1.00 

5.74 6.99 8.68 

-- -- -- 

13.6 

5.30 

179 

1.45 

1.69 

7.17 30 

2.03 3 

1.64 .70 : 

1.09 3 

_- 2 

-_ 

54 03519975 

55 03519980 

354245 

354307 

354318 

354318 

-_ 

-- 

56 03498993 

57 03541465 

58 03499400 

59 03541463 

60 03499050 

354343 

354452 

354621 

840609 

844108 

840109 

61 03499150 354621 840109 

62 03499165 354749 840116 

-- 

LOVINGWDOD SPRING NEAR ALCOA 2.29 

PRDFFITT SPRING NEAR MARYVILLE 2.22 

TOM CARSON SPRING AT MARTEL .41 

MCNEELY SPRING NEAR MARTEL .89 

CHAMBERS SPRING NEAR ROCKFORD 1.33 

BLUE SPRING NEAR ORAL .74 

ROSE BAILEYS SPRING NEAR KINGSTON .14 

FACTORY SPRING NEAR ROCKWOOD .48 

MAXWELL SPRING NEAR ROCKY HILL .55 

ROCKY SPRING AT BOYDS CREEK .16 

4.53 

21.5 

1.91 

3:;4 6.42 2; 

1155 

3.60 

29 

1.98 

1.44 

1.20 

1:;9 

1.14 

.18 

-09 .15 

.B7 1.56 

.lO .26 

-- -- 

4,;4 9:;8 

1:87 2:i4 

4.74 5.94 

lT03 1140 

2.94 5.73 

1.49 1.63 

1.93 4.47 

1:i1 2160 

1.63 1.97 

.25 .55 

.31 .66 

2.24 4.71 

.51 .96 

-- __ 

3.56 

2.97 

7.83 

1.65 

1.89 4: 

4.82 37 

2.24 

1.90 

n 

63 03499590 354929 1x7 lf 

64 03499580 354956 

65 03498800 355017 

841256 

841423 8.45 3.74 31 

1.87 1.52 27 

8.58 2.92 26 

1.56 -- 2 

66 

ill 

69 

70 

03538080 355117 

03520218 355124 

03541440 355151 

03499140 355306 

03470200 355521 

835242 

842025 

842901 

843830 

840219 

833959 

71 03538269 355613 842023 

:: 

74 

:i 

77 

:: 

80 

BEAR CREEK SPRING ND. 2 NEAR 

OAK RIDGE. 

03470100 

03538261 

03535643 

355640 

355726 

355756 

833655 BAILEY SPRING NEAR KODAK 

841803 BEAR CREEK SPRING NO. 1 NEAR OAK RIDGE 

841541 UNNAMED SPRING TO WALKER BRANCH TRIB 

OAK RIDGE. 

03535639 355802 841543 

03538249 355818 842107 

UNNAMED SPRING BELOW MT VERNON CEMETERY 

EAST FORK POPLAR CREEK SPRING NO.3 NEAR 

OAK RIDGE. 

03535590 355833 841508 UNNAMED SPRING BELOW TAILINGS POND NEAR 

OAK RIDGE. 

03538245 355857 841957 

03470400 355904 834355 

03535087 355944 841322 

CRYSTAL SPRING NEAR OAK RIDGE 

HUFFAKER SPRING NEAR THORNGRDVE 

UNNAMED SPRING NO. 2 TO SCARBORO CREEK, 

OAK RIDGE. 

4.90 2.11 24 

2.57 1.58 15 

.99 

1.16 

.41 13 

.40 31 

3.03 26 

.62 31 

.37 1 

-_ 2 

7.74 

1.62 

_- 

.47 -- -_ __ .47 

.08 __ -- -- 1.78 ,. 

-- c 

.27 1 

1.61 30 

.98 14 

.32 1 

.32 1.19 1.43 1.96 

.12 .23 .51 1.28 

-- __ -- __ 

3.20 

3.81 

EAST FORK POPLAR CREEK SPRING N0.2, 

OAK RIDGE. 

81 035382425 355958 841814 

82 03470300 360016 

83 03494960 360105 

84 034681955 360153 

85 03538193 360156 

86 03468168 360229 

87 03535040 360241 

88 03538155 360255 

834042 

834241 

832359 

841545 

832118 

840335 

841758 

.08 __ -- -_ 

1.97 4.12 6.62 12.8 

1.32 1.81 2.25 3.58 

-46 -- -- -_ 

1:;4 1: 1: 1: 

1.35 2.13 2.96 7.30 

.06 .19 .42 .87 

.94 1.59 3.00 5.51 

1.17 2.48 6.26 9.20 

1.97 

21.2 

2 

BOILING SPRING NEAR THORNGROVE 8.75 30 

CARTER MILL SPRING NEAR TRENTVILLE 

RILEY SPRING NEAR DANDRIDGE 

KEY SPRING AT OAK RIDGE 

SWANN SPRING NEAR DANDRIDGE 

FOWLER SPRING NEAR POWELL 

BLUE SPRING NEAR OLIVER SPRINGS 

7.09 

1.45 

2.90 41 

.81 7 

1.34 

4:;8 27 : 

.62 40 

4.10 42 

5.91 25 

5x4 

10.8 

3.18 

12.9 

11.4 

89 03538190 360334 841331 

90 03494890 360341 834041 BAKER SPRING AT STRAWBERRY PLAINS 

BACON SPRING AT DOSSETT 
Table L--Discharge characteristics of large springs in the Valley and Ridge province 

and adjacent parts of the Blue Ridge province in Tennessee--Continued 

- 

No. 

of 

Discharge meaMao Station Lati- Longi- Station sureNo. number tude tude name Min P75 P50 P25 Max Mean ments 

91 

;3 

94 

;: 

97 

3: 

100 

03535185 360413 835751 BIG BLUE SPRING NEAR FOUNTAIN CITY 

03538175 360531 841204 SHETTERLY SPRING NEAR CLINTON 

03494700 360544 833451 JONES SPRING AT NEW MARKET 

03495100 360625 834936 CAROWELL SPRING NEAR MALONEYVILLE 

03538170 360625 841111 BURRESS SPRING NEAR CLINTON 

03467990 360713 831911 BLUE HOLE SPRING NEAR WHITE PINE 

03492500 360717 832822 MOSSY SPRING NEAR JEFFERSON CITY 

03535182 360719 835457 HO88 SPRING NEAR HALLS CROSSROADS 

03466240 360730 823844 SKYLES SPRING AT PLEASANT HILL 

03493100 360737 833008 PECKS MILL SPRING AT JEFFERSON CITY 

03464895 360739 

03534097 360745 

03464900 360750 

03494610 360800 

03466242 360811 

03493105 360812 

822519 LOVE SPRING AT ERWIN 

840740 MARTIN SPRING NEAR CLINTON 

822534 STATE FISH HATCHERY SPRING AT ERWIN 

833602 BUCK HOLLOW SPRING NEAR NEW MARKET 1.02 1.25 1.40 2.41 2.71 1.73 13 

823836 SEATON SPRING AT PLEASANT HILL .32 .90 2.08 2.60 4.52 1.93 29 

832953 BYROS SPRING AT JEFFERSON 

MILLICAN SPRING NEAR NEW MARKET 

HEATHERLY SPRING AT PERRIN SCHOOL 

BIRCHFIELD SPRING NEAR ERWIN 

MILL SPRING NEAR JEFFERSON CITY 

.92 1.25 1.63 3.54 10.6 2.93 29 

.25 .56 1.24 2.91 6.32 1.76 26 

.43 .89 1.57 2.70 4.03 1.82 24 

.28 .52 .90 1.51 2.23 1.00 26 

.24 .76 1.55 3.23 6.50 1.99 14 

0.44 0.69 1.07 2.11 2.38 1.32 24 

6.00 10.8 17.1 53.7 90.1 32.2 36 

.30 .42 .52 .89 0.99 .61 13 

.33 .81 1.26 1.94 2.71 1.36 17 

.27 .60 1.08 2.19 3.49 1.39 27 

101 

102 1.27 -65 __ __ __ 2.86 3631.6698 : 

103 

104 

105 

106 

107 

108 

109 

110 

111 

112 

113 

2.02 2.96 3.34 4.07 5.99 3.54 27 

03494600 360827 833554 

03494650 360851 833810 

03465225 360409 822524 

03494500 360909 833135 

833600 INDIAN CAVE SPRING AT INDIAN CAVE 

.94 

.36 :;8 186 2:;7 

:*;! 1.35 3 

.57 .66 1.17 2.02 3:99 :*:: :i 

2.01 2.37 2.96 3.60 4.84 3:09 29 

1.71 2.28 3.44 7.20 11.8 4.88 65 

03494549 360939 .52 .88 2.09 3.85 6.85 2.40 36 

03465200 360957 

03494540 360958 

03492200 361114 

03494525 361251 

03533097 361259 

822311 U.S. FISHERIES SPRING NEAR ERWIN 

833349 BLUE SPRING NEAR NEW MARKET 

1.99 2.29 

1.51 2.08 

.81 1.54 

3.76 5.51 

2.45 2.79 3.18 

2.89 5.26 11.7 

2.52 40 

3.98 39 

3.47 34 

10.8 47 

2.22 1 

114 

115 

832254 

833403 

840257 

117 03466900 361342 825717 

118 03534930 361354 834436 

03534420 361628 834436 

03486100 361900 821432 

PANTHER SPRING AT ALPHA 

BUFFALO SPRING AT BUFFALO SPRINGS 

CLEAR CREEK SPRING NEAR NORRIS 

TIPTON SPRING NEAR MOSHEIM 

DYER SPRING NEAR LUTTRELL 

LAY SPRING NEAR MAYNAROVILLE 

BIG SPRING NEAR ELIZABETHTON 

034866604 362123 822253 CUMMINGS SPRING AT NORTH JOHNSON CITY 

034866605 362124 822250 THOMAS SPRING AT NORTH JOHNSON CITY 

03466800 362133 823849 CRAWFORD SPRING AT CEDAR LANE 

03484150 362148 820638 BLUE SPRING NEAR ELIZABETHTON 

03484190 362347 820622 ELLIOT SPRING NEAR ELIZABETHTON 

03482175 362538 815609 BARTLOWE SPRING NEAR DOE STATION 

03476850 362557 821041 UNDERWOOD SPRING NEAR KEENBURG 

03484175 362700 820225 ELIZABETHTON SPRING NEAR ELIZABETHTON 

03476900 362746 821333 MORRELL SPRING NEAR BLUFF CITY 

03490361 363144 824851 HENDERSON SPRING ABOVE AMIS CHAPEL 

2.23 4.30 

9.09 14.9 

l:i8 2145 

-- -- 

5190 9164 

10.9 

26.2 

5154 

.35 

.49 

19.3 

2.14 45 

.27 

.39 : 

7.10 43 

3.67 2.51 3 

116 

.61 

.22 

.32 

1.94 

1.60 

1.23 

-- 

119 

120 

121 

03472370 363210 814615 SILVER LAKE SPRING NEAR MOUNTAIN CITY 

03476510 363235 820813 BUMGARDNER SPRING NEAR BRISTOL 

034903513 363256 824452 TIPTON SPRING NEAR CHURCH HILL 

03487540 363456 822140 WOLFORD SPRING NEAR BLOUNTVILLE 

3.86 

-- 

122 

123 

.76 

1.23 

2.25 1.47 3 

2153 4:il 4.81 2.90 14 

1.25 3.93 

2.31 5.60 

-- -- 

1.49 

.69 

1.44 

-- 

124 

125 

126 

127 

128 

129 

130 

131 

132 

.49 

.97 

-- 

8.96 

10.4 

-- 

2.51 24 

3.61 24 

5.18 1 

1.40 .70 : 

-- 

1162 

.37 

3161 

-- 

-- 

5.79 103 

-- -- 

4130 

.53 

9.90 15 

.45 4 

1.57 

.26 

182 

2.34 

1.51 

-- 

10.9 

1.99 

.83 1: 

.41 1 

2.18 24 

140 

-- 

1.04 

184 11i5 

1:;O 2147 

133 

134 
REFERENCES CITED 

DeBuchananne, G.D., and Richardson, R.M., 

1956, Ground-water resources of East Tennessee: Tennessee Division of Geology 

Bulletin 58, pt. 1,393 p. 

Fenneman, N.M., 1946, Physical divisions of the 

United States: U.S. Geological Survey 

Miscellaneous Maps and Charts of the 

United States, scale 1:7,000,000, 1 sheet. 

Sun, P-C.P., Criner, J.H., and Poole, J.L., 1963, 

Large springs of East Tennessee: U.S. 

Geological Survey Water-Supply Paper 

1755.52 p. 

Sun, R.J., editor, 1986, Regional aquifer-system 

analysis program of the U.S. Geological 

Survey summary of projects, 1978-84: U.S. 

Geological Survey Circular 1002,264 p. 

U.S. Geological Survey, 1980, Index to 

topographic maps of Tennessee: Reston, 

Va., U.S. Geological Survey, map scale 

1:1,000,000, 1 sheet.