BART Modeling Protocol 

Public Service Company of New Mexico 

San Juan Generating Station 

Prepared For: 

Public Service Company of New Mexico 

2401 Aztec NE 

MS Z110 

Albuquerque, New Mexico 87107

Prepared By: 

Black & Veatch Corporation 

11401 Lamar Avenue 

Overland Park, Kansas 66211

April 2007 

Project No. 146646
 1-1 4/13/2007 

Table of Contents 

1.0 Introduction............................................................................................................................1-1 

1.1 Objectives ..........................................................................................................................1-1 

2.0 Source Description.................................................................................................................2-1 

2.1 Location of Sources vs. Relevant Class I Areas ................................................................2-1 

2.2 Emission Data for Modeling..............................................................................................2-3

2.2.1 Baseline Modeling .....................................................................................................2-3

2.2.2 Post Control Modeling...............................................................................................2-6 

2.3 Model Versions..................................................................................................................2-6 

3.0 Geophysical and Meteorological Data................................................................................... 3-1 

3.1 Modeling Domain ..............................................................................................................3-1 

3.2 Mesoscale Model Data.......................................................................................................3-1 

3.3 Surface Data Station and Processing .................................................................................3-2 

3.4 Precipitation Data Stations and Processing........................................................................ 3-3 

3.5 Geophysical Data Processing (Terrain and Land Use)...................................................... 3-4 

3.6 CALMET Variables........................................................................................................... 3-6 

4.0 Air Quality Modeling Methodology ......................................................................................4-1 

4.1 CALPUFF Domain and Variables..................................................................................... 4-1 

4.2 Receptors............................................................................................................................4-2 

4.3 Downwash..........................................................................................................................4-3 

4.4 Ozone Concentrations........................................................................................................ 4-3 

4.5 POSTUTIL and CALPOST ............................................................................................... 4-3 

4.5.1 Light Extinction ......................................................................................................... 4-4 

4.5.2 Natural Background...................................................................................................4-4 

4.5.3 Ammonia Concentrations .......................................................................................... 4-4 

5.0 Results....................................................................................................................................5-1 

6.0 Review Process ......................................................................................................................6-1 

Tables 

Table 2-1 Class I Areas......................................................................................................................2-1 

Table 2-2 CALPUFF Modeling Parameters Baseline Scenario ........................................................2-4 

Table 2-3 Model Versions .................................................................................................................2-7 

Table 4-1 Monthly Relative Humidity Factors..................................................................................4-5 

Table 4-2 Average Annual Natural Background Levels....................................................................4-5 

Figures 

Figure 2-1 PNM Facility with respect to the Class I areas ................................................................2-2 

Figure 2-2 Speciation of PM10 Emissions..........................................................................................2-5 

Figure 3-1 Geophysical and Meteorological Modeling Domain .......................................................3-2 

Figure 3-2 Surface Stations................................................................................................................3-3 

Figure 3-3 Precipitation Stations .......................................................................................................3-4 

Figure 3-4 Terrain Elevation Plot ......................................................................................................3-5 

Figure 3-5 Land Use Plot...................................................................................................................3-6 

Figure 4-1 CALPUFF Computational Domain..................................................................................4-2 
 1-2 4/13/2007 

Appendices 

Appendix A - Surface and Precipitation Stations 

Appendix B - CALMET Control File Inputs 

Appendix C - CALPUFF Control File Inputs 

Appendix D - National Park Service Receptors 

Appendix E - POSTUTIL Control File Inputs 

Appendix F - CALPOST Control File Inputs 
 1-1 4/13/2007 

1.0 Introduction

1.1 Objectives 

Under regional haze regulations, the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has issued final 

guidelines dated July 6, 2005 for Best Available Retrofit Technology (BART) determinations (70 FR 

39104-39172). Sources are BART-eligible if they meet three criteria including potential emissions 

of at least 250 tons per year of a visibility-impairing pollutant, were put in place between August 7, 

1962 and August 7, 1977, and fall within one of the 26 listed source categories in the guidance. A 

BART engineering evaluation using five statutory factors --1) existing controls; 2) cost; 3) energy 

and non-air environmental impacts; 4) remaining useful life of the source; 5) degree of visibility 

improvement expected from the application of controls --is required for any BART-eligible source 

that can be reasonably expected to cause or contribute to impairment of visibility in any of the 156 

federal parks and wilderness (Class I) areas protected under the regional haze rule. Air quality 

modeling is an important tool available to the States to determine whether a source can be 

reasonably expected to contribute to visibility impairment in a Class I area. 

The object of this source-specific protocol (hereinafter referred to as the PNM Protocol) is to 

describe the methodologies and procedures for visibility modeling to support BART engineering 

analysis for Public Service Company of New Mexico’s (PNM) San Juan Generating Station (SJGS) 

Units 1, 2, 3, and 4. These units were identified as subject-to-BART by the State of New Mexico’s 

Environmental Department’s Air Quality Bureau (NMED) based on BART screening exemption 

modeling conducted by the Western Regional Air Partnership’s (WRAP) Regional Modeling Center 

(RMC). The methodologies and databases referenced in this PNM Protocol are consistent with the 

CALMET/CALPUFF Protocol for BART Exemption Screening Analysis for Class I Areas in the 

Western United States dated August 15, 2006, (hereinafter referred to as the WRAP Protocol). 

Furthermore, the geographic and meteorological data used in the WRAP RMC BART applicably 

modeling is available for use on their organization website. Therefore, for consistency these data will 

be used to formulate the bases for the PNM BART analysis for the SJGS. After NMED reviews and 

approves this PNM Protocol, it will provide the basis of mutually agreed upon procedures 

establishing the BART modeling methodology. 
 2-1 4/13/2007 

2.0 Source Description 

The SJGS facility is located in Farmington, New Mexico within San Juan County. It has four 

existing pulverized coal units that are BART applicable, Units 1, 2, 3, and 4. 

Units 1 and 2 are single walled fired Foster-Wheeler boilers and are rated at 360-MW and 350-MW 

gross, respectively. Each unit is equipped with primary and secondary preheaters, electrostatic 

precipitators (ESP), and a wet flue gas desulfurization (WFGD) system. Unit 1 is also equipped with 

a low NOx burners 

Units 3 and 4 are opposed wall fired Babcock & Wilcox boilers and each is rated at 544-MW gross. 

Each unit is equipped with low NOx burners, primary and secondary preheaters, ESP, and a WFGD 

system. 

2.1 Location of Sources vs. Relevant Class I Areas 

There are many Class I areas within and surrounding New Mexico. On the basis of distance from 

BART applicable sources, topography, and meteorology the prior modeling conducted by WRAP 

RMC has determined that 16 Class I areas need to be addressed in Step 5 of the BART analyses. 

Applicable Class I areas included in the BART process are located within 300 km of the SJGS 

facility. The 16 Class I areas are identified in Table 2-1. The Class I areas are illustrated in Figure 

2-1. 

Table 2-1 

Class I Areas 

1. Mesa Verde National Park 

2. Weminuche Wilderness 

3. San Pedro Parks Wilderness 

4. La Garita Wilderness 

5. Canyonlands National Park 

6. Black Canyon of the Gunnison National Park 

7. Bandelier National Monument 

8. Petrified Forest National Park 

9. West Elk Wilderness 

10. Arches National Park 

11. Capitol Reef National Park 

12. Pecos Wilderness 

13. Wheeler Peak Wilderness 

14. Great Sand Dunes National Park 

15. Maroon Bells-Snowmass Wilderness 

16. Grand Canyon National Park 
 2-2 4/13/2007 

-1500 -1400 -1300 -1200 -1100 -1000 -900 -800 -700 -600

X LCC (km)

-700

-600

-500

-400

-300

-200

-100

0

Y LCC (km)

Petrified 

Forest

Grand

Canyon

Capitol

Reef

Canyonlands

Arches

Black Canyon

of the

Gunnison

West

Elk

Maroon Bells

Snowmass

Mesa Verde

Weminuche

La Garita

Great

Sand Dunes

San Pedro 

Parks

Bandelier

Pecos

Wheeler

Peak

PNM SJGS

Figure 2-1 

PNM Facility with respect to the Class I areas 
 2-3 4/13/2007 

2.2 Emission Data for Modeling 

CALPUFF model input requires source (stack) – specific emission rates for each pollutant, and stack 

parameters (height, diameter, exit gas temperature, and exit gas velocity). Per EPA BART guidance, 

these parameters must be representative of maximum actual 24-hour average emitting conditions for 

baseline (existing) operation, and maximum proposed 24-hour average emissions for future (BART) 

operations. However, SJGS is operating under a consent decree filed May 10, 2005 which requires 

the facility to install NOx and particulate air quality control equipment prior by 2010. Therefore, 

baseline operation for SJGS, and this analysis, will reflect post consent decree operation for Units 1-

4. The stack parameters and emission rates used for baseline modeling are presented in Table 2-2. 

2.2.1 Baseline Modeling 

The SO2, NOx, and PM10 emissions that are to be included in the analyses, and representative of 

baseline operation of the units, shall be the maximum 24-hour emission rate of normal post-consent 

decree operations (excluding periods of startup, shutdown, and malfunction). As such, Black & 

Veatch will determine these emissions from data provided by PNM and through engineering 

calculations for each unit. 

The PM10 emissions will be speciated into appropriate filterable and condensable particulate matter 

categories: elemental carbon (soot), “soil” (fine PM <= 2.5 μm diameter), coarse particulate matter 

(2.5-10 μm diameter), inorganics, and organics for modeling purposes. The aforementioned 

speciated categories are illustrated in Figure 2-2. The appropriate source-specific particulate matter 

speciation spreadsheets provided by the National Park Service (NPS) and available on their web site 

(http://www2.nature.nps.gov/air/Permits/ect/index.cfm) will be used to calculate the PM10 speciation 

emissions. For all four (4) Units, the NPS spreadsheet that represents a dry bottom PC boiler 

controlled by an fabric filter (FF) and FGD will be used. The PM10 emissions and speciation 

methodology to be used for the BART modeling is described below. 

• Total heat input per year, per unit will be obtained from PNM from recent agency submittals 

and represent current and future operation. Filterable PM10 emissions in tons per year will be 

calculated based on post consent decree operations. Together, these two pieces of 

information (total annual filterable PM10 emissions and total annual heat input on a per unit, 

per year basis) will be used to derive emission factors for PM10 in lb/mmBtu. 

• Filterable PM10 emissions derived above will be subdivided by size category using the 

appropriate NPS speciation spreadsheets. This is illustrated in Figure 2-2 as Elemental 

Carbon (EC) 0-0.625 μm diameter, Fine PM <= 2.5 μm diameter, and Course PM 2.5-10 μm 

diameter. 
 2-4 4/13/2

Table 2-2 

CALPUFF Modeling Parameters 

Baseline Scenario 

Stack 

Location1 

Unit 

LCC 

East 

(km) 

LCC 

North 

(km) 

Stack 

Height 

(m) 

Base 

Elevation 

(m) 

Stack 

Diameter 

(m) 

Stack 

Exit 

Velocity 

(m/s) 

Stack 

Exit 

Temperature 

(K) 

NOx

Emissions 

(lb/hr) 

SO2

Emissions 

(lb/hr) 

PM10 

Emissions 

(lb/hr) 

E

(g

SJGS 1 -1010.859 -290.127 121.92 1615.44 6.096 SJGS 2 -1010.859 -290.127 121.92 1615.44 6.096 SJGS 3 -1010.859 -290.127 121.92 1615.44 8.534 SJGS 4 -1010.859 -290.127 121.92 1615.44 8.534 

1 Stack Coordinates as included in the CALPUFF modeling 2 Primary particulate speciated into the following categories using the NPS Speciation Spreadsheet: Elemental Carbon (ECondensable Inorganic PM (SO4), and Condensable Organic PM (SOA). 3 H2SO4 emissions calculated using NPS Speciation Spreadsheet 

Note: Missing modeling parameters will be provided with the final BART engineering report. 
 2-5 4/13/2007 

Figure 2-2 

Speciation of PM10 Emissions 
 2-6 4/13/2007 

• All particulate modeling will be performed using 1 gram per second nominal emission rates 

in CALPUFF for the specific size ranges presented in the NPS speciation spreadsheets (i.e., 

PM8.0, PM4.25, PM1.88, PM1.25, PM0.813, and PM0.625). These modeled species will be grouped 

in POSTUTIL as to represent the appropriate visibility pollutants (e.g., PMcourse = PM8.0 + 

PM4.25 and PMfine = PM1.88 + PM1.25 + PM0.813 + PM0.625) and will be scaled with the 

emission rates derived from the NPS spreadsheets. EC and SOA will be derived from the 

PM1.88 species and scaled with the emission rates derived from the NPS spreadsheets. 

2.2.1.1 H2SO4 (SO4) Emissions 

Condensable PM10 will be subdivided into inorganic and organic compounds using the NPS 

speciation spreadsheets. The inorganic portion is by default assumed to be H2SO4 and will me 

modeled as SO4. The organic portion will be modeled as secondary organic aerosols (SOA). 

2.2.2 Post Control Modeling 

As required by EPA guidance, each technically feasible BART control technology must be assessed 

to determine the degree of visibility improvement. These relative improvements from various 

technologies and/or control levels can then be factored into the BART decision. At this time, the 

evaluation of technically feasible controls (Step 4 of the BART process) has not been completed and 

it is unknown how many feasible control technologies options are available for consideration. 

However once determined, each technically feasible control for each pollutant will be modeled on a 

unit by unit basis. 

For the purpose of this PNM Protocol NOx and PM10 are the only pollutants subject to BART 

analyses. Due New Mexico participating in a trading program for SO2, a SO2 BART analysis is not 

required and will not be modeled as a separate feasible control technology option. However, SO2

emissions will be included as a modeled pollutant as part of both the baseline and post control 

modeling scenarios. PM10 emissions will be speciated as described in the baseline modeling section. 

The stack parameters and emission rates used for the post control modeling for each unit, pollutant, 

and technology will be determined and presented in the final report submitted to NMED. 

2.3 Model Versions 

The versions of the CALPUFF modeling system suggested in the WRAP Protocol and used by 

WRAP RMC for the initial modeling will be used for these modeling analyses and are listed in Table 

2-3. 
 2-7 4/13/2007 

Table 2-3 

Model Versions 

WRAP Protocol PNM Analyses Program Version Level Version Level 

CALMET 6.211 060414 6.211 060414 

CALPUFF 6.112 060412 6.112 060412 

POSTUTIL N/A N/A 1.52 060412 

CALPOST 6.131 060410 6.131 060410 
 3-1 4/13/2007 

3.0 Geophysical and Meteorological Data 

As previously noted, all the geophysical and meteorological data necessary to conduct the Class I 

visibility modeling is provided by WRAP RMC on their website 

http://pah.cert.ucr.edu/aqm/308/bart.shtml. All files will be downloaded from their website for use 

in the aforementioned analyses. 

3.1 Modeling Domain 

The modeling domain will be the same domain established in the GEO.DAT file describe in Section 

3.5. The origin coordinates of the domain is Latitude 40.0 N, Longitude 97.0 W and will be 

assigned as the 0, 0 reference point of the domain. The southwest corner of the modeling domain is 

latitude 30.9 N, Longitude 111.3 W, which translates to -1368.0 km (X) and -900.0 (Y) in LCC 

coordinates. The domain will measure 864 km in the east-west (X) and north-south (Y) direction. 

At a refined grid spacing of 4-km, the number of X grid cells and the number of the Y grid cells will 

be 216. The modeling domain is shown in Figure 3-1. 

3.2 Mesoscale Model Data 

Pennsylvania State University in conjunction with the National Center for Atmospheric Research 

(NCAR) Assessment Laboratory have developed mesoscale meteorological data sets of prognostic 

wind fields, or “guess” fields, for the United States. The hourly meteorological variables used to 

create these data sets are extensive and are used to initialize the modeling domain with 

meteorological data. The daily MM5 meteorological data files provided on the WRAP RMC 

website for the years 2001, 2002, and 2003 will be utilized as input into CALMET. 

The MM5 data sets, used to simulate atmospheric variables within the modeling domain in 

CALMET, although advanced, lack the fine detail of specific temporal and spatial meteorological 

variables and geophysical data. These variables were processed into the appropriate format and 

introduced into the CALMET model through the utilization of additional data files obtained from 

numerous sources. These ancillary data files are described in more detail in the following sections. 
 3-2 4/13/2007 

-1300 -1200 -1100 -1000 -900 -800 -700 -600

X LCC (km)

-800

-700

-600

-500

-400

-300

-200

-100

Y LCC (km)

Petrified 

Forest

Grand

Canyon

Capitol

Reef Canyonlands

Arches

Black Canyon

of the

Gunnison

West

Elk

Maroon Bells

Snowmass

Mesa Verde

Weminuche

La Garita

Great

Sand Dunes

San Pedro 

Parks

Bandelier

Pecos

Wheeler

Peak

PNM SJGS

Figure 3-1 

Geophysical and Meteorological Modeling Domain 

3.3 Surface Data Station and Processing 

The surface station data for the CALPUFF analysis consisted of data from National Weather Service 

(NWS) stations or Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) Flight Service stations within the 

CALMET domain. Figure 3-2 provides an illustration of the location of the surface stations used. 

The surface station parameters include wind speed, wind direction, cloud ceiling height, opaque 

cloud cover, dry bulb temperature, relative humidity, station pressure, and a precipitation code that is 

based on current weather conditions. 
 3-3 4/13/2007 

The CALMET ready surface station data will be downloaded from the WRAP RMC website for use 

in the modeling analyses. A listing of the surface stations is provided in Appendix A. 

-1500 -1400 -1300 -1200 -1100 -1000 -900 -800 -700 -600 -500 -400

X LCC (km)

-1000

-900

-800

-700

-600

-500

-400

-300

-200

-100

0

100

Y LCC (km)

PNM

SJGS

2001 Surface Stations

2002 Surface Stations

2003 Surface Stations

Figure 3-2 

Surface Stations 

3.4 Precipitation Data Stations and Processing 

Precipitation data was processed from a network of hourly precipitation data files collected from 

NWS precipitation recording stations within the CALMET domain. Figure 3-3 provides an 

illustration of the location of the precipitation stations used. 
 3-4 4/13/2007 

The CALMET ready precipitation data will be downloaded from the WRAP RMC website for use in 

the modeling analyses. A listing of the precipitation stations is provided in Appendix A. 

-1500 -1400 -1300 -1200 -1100 -1000 -900 -800 -700 -600 -500 -400

X LCC (km)

-1000

-900

-800

-700

-600

-500

-400

-300

-200

-100

0

100

Y LCC (km)

PNM

SJGS

2001 Precipitation Stations

2002 Precipitation Stations

2003 Precipitation Stations

Figure 3-3 

Precipitation Stations 

3.5 Geophysical Data Processing (Terrain and Land Use) 

Terrain and land use data was pre-processed by the WRAP RMC to create a CALMET ready 

GEO.DAT file. This GEO.DAT file will be downloaded from the WRAP RMC website for use in 

the analyses. Figure 3-4 depicts the terrain elevations in the domain while Figure 3-5 shows the land 

use of the domain. 
 3-5 4/13/2007 

-1300 -1200 -1100 -1000 -900 -800 -700 -600

X LCC (km)

-800

-700

-600

-500

-400

-300

-200

-100

Y LCC (km)

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

1600

1800

2000

2200

2400

2600

2800

3000

3200

3400

3600

3800

4000

PNM

SJGS

Figure 3-4 

Terrain Elevation Plot 
 3-6 4/13/2007 

-1300 -1200 -1100 -1000 -900 -800 -700 -600

X LCC (km)

-800

-700

-600

-500

-400

-300

-200

-100

Y LCC (km)

10 to 17 Urban

20 to 24 Agricultural

30 to 33 Rangeland

40 to 43 Forest Land

50 to 55 Water

60 to 62 Wetland

71 to 77 Barren Land

Land Use Categories:

PNM

SJGS

Figure 3-5 

Land Use Plot 

3.6 CALMET Variables 

The selection of the specific variables and control options used in CALMET data processing is 

provided in Appendix B. These selections follow the guidance provided in the WRAP Protocol and 

the CALMET file obtained from WRAP RMC. 
 4-1 4/13/2007 

4.0 Air Quality Modeling Methodology 

The CALPUFF modeling system is recommended as the preferred modeling approach for use in 

BART analyses. CALPUFF and its meteorological model, CALMET, are designed to handle the 

complexities posed by complex terrain, large source-receptor distances, chemical transformation and 

deposition, and other issues related to Class I visibility impacts. The CALPUFF modeling system 

has been adopted by the EPA as a Guideline Model for source-receptor distances greater than 50 km, 

and for use on a case-by-case basis in complex flow situations for shorter distances (68 FR 18440-

18482). CALPUFF is recommended for Class I impact assessments by the Federal Land Managers 

Workgroup (FLAG 2000) and the Interagency Workgroup on Air Quality Modeling (IWAQM) 

(EPA 1998). The final BART guidance recommends CALPUFF as “the best modeling application 

available for predicting a singe source’s contribution to visibility impairment” (70 FR 39122). 

Additionally, the WRAP Protocol recommends the use of CALPUFF for conducting BART analyses 

in New Mexico. 

CALPUFF is a non-steady-state, Lagrangian, puff transport and dispersion model that advects 

Gaussian puffs of multiple pollutants from modeled sources. CALPUFF’s algorithms have been 

designed to be applicable on spatial scales from a few tens of meters to hundreds of kilometers from 

a source. It includes algorithms for near-field effects such as building downwash, stack tip 

downwash and transitional plume rise as well as processes important in the far-field such as 

chemical transformation, wet deposition, and dry deposition. CALPUFF contains an option to allow 

puff splitting in the horizontal and vertical directions, which extends the distance range of the model. 

The primary outputs from CALPUFF are hourly concentrations and hourly deposition fluxes 

evaluated at user-specified receptor locations. 

A set of post processing programs associated with CALPUFF computes visibility effects and allows 

cumulative source impacts to be assessed, including potential non-linear effects of ammonia 

limitation on nitrate formation. The CALPOST postprocessor contains several options for computing 

change in extinction and deciviews for visibility assessments. The POSTUTIL postprocessor 

includes options for summing contributions of individual sources or groups of sources to assess 

cumulative impacts. POSTUTIL also contains CALPUFF’s nitric acid-nitrate chemical equilibrium 

module, which allows the cumulative effects of ammonia consumption by background sources to be 

assessed in the postprocessor. In addition, the combination of CALPUFF and POSTUTIL allows the 

effects of source emissions of ammonia to be incrementally added to background ammonia levels 

when determining nitrate formation. 

4.1 CALPUFF Domain and Variables 

The WRAP computational domain covered an extensive area, specifically, New Mexico, eastern 

Arizona, southeastern Utah, and southern Colorado. To reduce computational requirements of the 

model, the CALPUFF computational domain will be a subset of the CALMET domain established 

approximately to encompass the SJGS and the applicable 16 Class I areas. The CALPUFF 

computational domain is shown if Figure 4-1. The selection of the specific variables used in 

CALPUFF is provided in Appendix C. 
 4-2 4/13/2007 

-1300 -1200 -1100 -1000 -900 -800 -700 -600

X LCC (km)

-800

-700

-600

-500

-400

-300

-200

-100

Y LCC (km)

Petrified 

Forest

Grand

Canyon

Capitol

Reef Canyonlands

Arches

Black Canyon

of the

Gunnison

West

Elk

Maroon Bells

Snowmass

Mesa Verde

Weminuche

La Garita

Great

Sand Dunes

San Pedro 

Parks

Bandelier

Pecos

Wheeler

Peak

PNM SJGS

CALPUFF Computational Domain

CALMET Computational Domain

Figure 4-1 

CALPUFF Computational Domain 

4.2 Receptors 

The CALPUFF analyses will use an array of discrete receptors with receptor elevations for the Class 

I areas, which were created and distributed by the NPS. Specifically, the array consists of receptors 

spaced to cover the extent of the Class I areas. Receptor elevations are included in the same NPSprovided receptor files. Appendix D provides illustrations of the receptors to be used in the 

modeling analysis for each Class I area. 
 4-3 4/13/2007 

4.3 Downwash 

Because the modeling conducted for BART is concerned with long-range transport, not localized 

impacts, data regarding building heights and widths that are used to calculate building downwash 

will not be included in the modeling analyses. Stack tip downwash is a phenomenon different from 

building induced downwash and is additionally a regulatory default option (i.e., in order to turn stack 

tip downwash off, the user must also change the variable to skip regulatory checks of the model). As 

such, this PNM Protocol proposes that stack tip downwash remain “on” for this analysis as 

recommended by the WRAP Protocol. 

4.4 Ozone Concentrations 

Background ozone concentrations are important for the photochemical conversion of SO2 and NOx

to sulfates (SO4) and nitrates (NO3), respectively. CALPUFF allows the use of a single background 

ozone value, monthly background ozone values, or spatial, hourly ozone data from one or more 

ozone monitoring stations (the preferred method) to represent the background ozone concentrations 

within the domain. 

The hourly ozone concentrations files that were used by WRAP RMC in the initial modeling will be 

used for the BART technology evaluation. These hourly ozone data files will be obtained directly 

from the WRAP RMC website. In addition to the hourly ozone data, the same monthly average 

background ozone value of 80 ppb as used in the initial modeling will be used in this modeling for 

times when hourly ozone data are not available. 

4.5 POSTUTIL and CALPOST 

The two main postprocessors of interest for BART applications are the POSTUTIL and CALPOST 

programs. The POSTUTIL processor is a program that has several functions, including creating 

cumulative impacts of multiple sources from different simulations via summation, computing the 

difference between two sets of predicted impacts (useful for evaluating the benefits of BART 

controls), and evaluating the equilibrium relationship between nitric acid and nitrate aerosols via a 

chemistry module. The later function allows the potential non-linear effects of ammonia scavenging 

by sulfate and nitrate sources to be evaluated in the formation of nitrate from an individual source. 

As previously mentioned, the POSTUTIL postprocessor will be used to create the speciated 

components of PM10 based on the size distribution of the NPS speciation spreadsheet. The new 

concentration file created by POSTUTIL will then be used as input for the CALPOST postprocessor. 

CALPOST is used to process the CALPUFF outputs by producing tabulations summarizing the 

results of the simulations, identifying, for example, the highest and second-highest hourly-average 

concentrations at each receptor. When performing visibility-related modeling, CALPOST uses 

concentrations from CALPUFF (or POSTUTIL) to compute light extinction and related measures of 

visibility (haze index in deciviews), reporting these for a 24-hour averaging time. The selections of 

the specific variables used in POSTUTIL and CALPOST are provided in Appendices E and F, 

respectively. 
 4-4 4/13/2007 

4.5.1 Light Extinction 

Light extinction must be computed in order to calculate visibility. CALPOST has seven methods for 

computing light extinction. As recommended by the WRAP Protocol, this BART technology 

analyses will use Method 6, which computes extinction from speciated particulate matter with 

monthly Class I area-specific relative humidity adjustment factors. Relative humidity is an important 

factor in determining light extinction (and therefore visibility) because sulfate and nitrate aerosols, 

which absorb moisture from the air, have greater extinction efficiencies with greater relative 

humidity. This BART analysis will apply relative humidity correction factors [f(RH)s], obtained 

from Table A-3 of the EPA’s Guidance for Estimating Natural Visibility Conditions under the 

Regional Haze Rule (EPA, 2003), to sulfate and nitrate concentrations outputs from CALPUFF. The 

f(RH) values for the Class I areas that will be assessed are provided in Table 4-1. The default 

Rayleigh scatter value (bray) of 10 Mm-1 will also be used. The light extinction equation is provided 

below. 

bext = 3 * f(RH) * [(NH4)2SO4] + 3* f(RH) * [NH4NO3] + 4*[OC] + 1* [PMf] 

+ 0.6*[PMc] + 10* [EC] + bray 

4.5.2 Natural Background 

The EPA’s default average annual aerosol concentrations for the eastern and western halves of the 

U.S., included in Table 2-1 of EPA’s Guidance for Estimating Natural Visibility Conditions Under 

Regional Haze Program, will used to determine the natural background at each of the Class I areas. 

The values are provide in Table 4-2 

4.5.3 Ammonia Concentrations 

Ambient concentrations of nitrate (NO3) are limited by the availability of ammonia, which is 

preferentially scavenged by sulfates (SO4). Due to this preferential reaction between ammonia and 

sulfates, a lower ammonia concentration would tend to decrease particle nitrate concentrations prior 

to affecting particle sulfate concentrations. 

In CALPUFF, a continuous emissions plume is represented by a series of puffs. The model allows 

the full amount of the background ammonia concentrations to be available to each emissions puff to 

form nitrate, which tends to overestimate nitrate formation. To compensate, the POSTUTIL utility 

program can be used to repartition HNO3 and NO3. However, the BART modeling will be 

performed using the same fixed background ammonia level of 1 ppb that was used for the initial 

modeling performed by WRAP RMC. 
 4-5 4/13/2007 

Table 4-1 

Monthly Relative Humidity Factorsa

Class I Area Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec 

Arches 2.6 2.3 1.8 1.6 1.6 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.6 2.0 2.3 

Bandelier 2.2 2.1 1.8 1.6 1.6 1.4 1.7 2.1 1.9 1.7 2.0 2.3 

Black Canyon of 

the Gunnison 2.4 2.2 1.9 1.9 1.9 1.6 1.7 1.9 2.0 1.8 2.1 2.3 

Canyonlands 2.6 2.3 1.7 1.6 1.5 1.2 1.3 1.5 1.6 1.6 2.0 2.3 

Capitol Reef 2.7 2.4 2.0 1.7 1.6 1.4 1.4 1.6 1.6 1.7 2.1 2.5 

Grand Canyon 2.4 2.3 1.9 1.5 1.4 1.2 1.4 1.7 1.6 1.6 1.9 2.3 

Great Sand Dunes 2.4 2.3 2.0 1.9 1.9 1.8 1.9 2.3 2.2 1.9 2.4 2.4 

La Garita 2.3 2.2 1.9 1.8 1.8 1.6 1.7 2.1 2.0 1.8 2.2 2.3 

Maroon Bells 

Snowmass 2.2 2.1 2.0 2.0 2.1 1.7 1.9 2.2 2.1 1.8 2.1 2.1 

Mesa Verde 2.5 2.3 1.9 1.5 1.5 1.3 1.6 2.0 1.9 1.7 2.1 2.3 

Pecos 2.3 2.1 1.8 1.7 1.7 1.5 1.8 2.1 2.0 1.7 2.0 2.2 

Petrified Forest 2.4 2.2 1.7 1.4 1.3 1.2 1.5 1.8 1.7 1.6 1.9 2.3 

San Pedro Parks 2.3 2.1 1.8 1.6 1.6 1.4 1.7 2.0 1.9 1.7 2.1 2.2 

West Elk 2.3 2.2 1.9 1.9 1.9 1.7 1.8 2.1 2.0 1.8 2.1 2.2 

Weminuche 2.4 2.2 1.9 1.7 1.7 1.5 1.6 2.0 1.9 1.7 2.1 2.3 

Wheeler Peak 2.3 2.2 1.9 1.8 1.8 1.6 1.8 2.2 2.1 1.8 2.2 2.3 

a

 Table A-3 of the EPA’s Guidance for Estimating Natural Visibility Conditions under the Regional 

Haze Rule 

Table 4-2 

Average Annual Natural Background Levelsa 

Component Average Annual Natural Background 

(μg/m3

) 

Ammonium Sulfate 0.12 

Ammonium Nitrate 0.10 

Organic Carbon Mass 0.47 

Elemental Carbon 0.02 

Soil 0.50 

Coarse Mass 3.0 a

 Table 2-1 of the EPA’s Guidance for Estimating Natural 

Visibility Conditions under the Regional Haze Rule
 5-1 4/13/2007 

5.0 Results 

A report on the BART visibility analysis will be included as Step 5 of the final BART engineering 

report that clearly compares impacts for each post-control control option and the resulting emissions 

from each unit to those for the baseline scenario. For each feasible control option determined from 

Steps 1-4, and for each applicable Class I area where the impact of the source exceeded 0.5 dv, the 

change in visibility impact from the source as a result of the control option will be reported. The 

effectiveness of candidate control options will be compared to each other, not to a specific target 

improvement. 
 6-1 4/13/2007 

6.0 Review Process 

The purpose of the review process is to establish procedures for ensuring that products produced by 

the application of the modeling techniques for BART studies satisfy the regulatory objective of the 

BART program. Since the modeling analyses are using pre-defined CALMET files and CALPUFF 

templates provided by the WRAP RMC, the quality assurance process will be straightforward. 

The basic procedures that will apply to all CALMET/CALPUFF model applications will include a 

confirmation of the source data, including units, verification of the correct source and receptor 

locations, including datum and projection, confirmation of the switch selections relative to modeling 

guidance, checks of the program switches and file names for the various processing steps, and 

confirmation of the use of the proper version and level of each model program. The CALPUFF 

modeling system contains built-in features to facilitate review of the modeling results, including the 

automatic production of “QA” files for the various data listed above. 

The amount of effort for end-users performing QA for the pre-defined meteorological fields will be 

reduced from what is required in developing source-specific meteorological fields. The 

development of these CALMET datasets developed by the WRAP RMC were subject to a QA 

program as part of their development, so the necessary quality assurance activity of end-users is 

again reduced from what would be required in the development of a representative dataset. 

Most of the CALPUFF input variables contain default values. Appendix B of the IWAQM report 

contains a list of recommended CALPUFF switch settings. Except as modified in the WRAP 

Protocol, the IWAQM guidance will be used in setting up the CALPUFF simulations. 

CALPOST is run separately for each Class I area in order to obtain the necessary visibility statistics 

for evaluating compliance with the BART modeling thresholds. The inputs to CALPOST involve 

selection of the visibility method, entry of Class I area-specific data for computing background 

extinction and monthly relative humidity factors for hygroscopic aerosols. The CALPOST inputs 

that need to be carefully checked as part of the CALPOST quality assurance are: 

• Visibility technique: Method 6 

• Monthly Class I-specific relative humidity factors for Method 6 

• Class I specific background light extinction values 

• Inclusion of all appropriate species from modeled sources. 

• Appropriate species names for coarse PM used 

• Extinction efficiencies for each species 

• Appropriate Rayleigh scattering term (10 Mm-1 for initial modeling but Class I area specific 

value for finer grid modeling) 
 6-2 4/13/2007 

In addition, a model project CD will be created that contains all of the data and program files needed 

to reproduce the model results presented in the submittal. The model list files from each step will be 

included on the project CD. This information will allow independent checking and confirmation of 

the modeling process. 
 A 4/13/2007 

Appendix A 

Surface and Precipitation Stations 
Surface and Precipitation Stations 

 A-1 4/13/2007 

Surface Meteorological Stations 

2001 

Station 

Number 

Station 

Name 

Lambert 

Coordinate 

X (km) 

Lambert 

Coordinate 

Y (km) 

Time 

Zone

Anemometer 

Height 

1 K4BL -1088.794 -188.74 7 10 

2 K4CR -796.753 -614.946 7 10 

3 K4HV -1184.701 -91.019 7 10 

4 K4MY -820.552 -514.181 7 10 

5 KABQ -870.967 -501.552 7 10 

6 KAEG -886.431 -489.863 7 10 

7 KAKO -524.951 36.397 7 10 

8 KALM -839.633 -752.147 7 10 

9 KALS -777.382 -244.023 7 10 

10 KAMA -425.225 -516.367 7 10 

11 KAPA -668.169 -19.352 7 10 

12 KASE -843.56 -40.773 7 10 

13 KATS -699.341 -756.355 7 10 

14 KBCE -1319.635 -144.072 7 10 

15 KBJC -687.645 19.671 7 10 

16 KBKF -658.539 -5.076 7 10 

17 KCAO -547.124 -374.102 7 10 

18 KCDC -1401.542 -129.849 7 10 

19 KCEZ -1020.893 -233.136 7 10 

20 KCGZ -1366.468 -675.581 7 10 

21 KCHD -1370.847 -633.186 7 10 

22 KCNM -682.759 -822.078 7 10 

23 KCNY -1095.593 -59.385 7 10 

24 KCOS -663.999 -102.631 7 10 

25 KCQC -775.182 -516.728 7 10 

26 KCVN -556.268 -599.276 7 10 

27 KCVS -577.834 -601.516 7 10 

28 KDEN -649.924 12.691 7 10 

29 KDHT -496.517 -424.942 7 10 

30 KDMA -1303.576 -768.169 7 10 

31 KDMN -1006.923 -798.125 7 10 

32 KDRO -945.713 -259.162 7 10 

33 KDUG -1194.674 -862.991 7 10 

34 KDVT -1424.153 -803.334 7 10 

35 KEEO -918.793 60.596 7 10 

36 KEGE -842.6 7.317 7 10 

37 KEHA -431.288 -320.167 7 10 

38 KELP -888.697 -862.785 7 10 

39 KFFZ -1359.37 -612.92 7 10 

40 KFGZ -1335.662 -418.569 7 10 

41 KFLG -1323.565 -431.409 7 10 

42 KFMN -993.475 -297.941 7 10 
Surface and Precipitation Stations 

 A-2 4/13/2007 

Surface Meteorological Stations 

2001 

Station 

Number 

Station 

Name 

Lambert 

Coordinate 

X (km) 

Lambert 

Coordinate 

Y (km) 

Time 

Zone

Anemometer 

Height 

43 KFST -566.391 -988.873 7 10 

44 KGDP -737.521 -873.407 7 10 

45 KGJT -986.737 -34.971 7 10 

46 KGNT -985.121 -475.597 7 10 

47 KGUC -855.846 -113.585 7 10 

48 KGUP -1060.45 -427.996 7 10 

49 KGXY -644.007 49.181 7 10 

50 KGYR -1419.716 -608.461 7 10 

51 KINK -586.879 -890.621 7 10 

52 KINW -1241.942 -457.351 7 10 

53 KITR -451.837 -69.8 7 10 

54 KIWA -1356.255 -632.196 7 10 

55 KLAA -494.483 -198.304 7 10 

56 KLBB -445.079 -691.2 7 10 

57 KLHX -567.01 -195.279 7 10 

58 KLIC -573.7 -69.147 7 10 

59 KLRU -917.261 -803.759 7 10 

60 KLVS -731.441 -447.785 7 10 

61 KLXV -794.908 -42.221 7 10 

62 KMAF -489.696 -878.105 7 10 

63 KMLF -1380.148 -51.293 7 10 

64 KMTJ -939.546 -109.53 7 10 

65 KODO -509.4 -880.305 7 10 

66 KOLS -1312.937 -851.17 7 10 

67 KPGA -1272.618 -237.748 7 10 

68 KPHX -1385.892 -612.301 7 10 

69 KPRC -1401.151 -472.762 7 10 

70 KPSR -1386.494 -611.852 7 10 

71 KPUB -651.703 -162.851 7 10 

72 KPUC -1166.723 46.049 7 10 

73 KRIL -912.112 1.889 7 10 

74 KROW -698.85 -712.895 7 10 

75 KRQE -1083.18 -409.162 7 10 

76 KRTN -664.239 -331.996 7 10 

77 KSAD -1176.466 -709.996 7 10 

78 KSAF -816.558 -444.045 7 10 

79 KSDL -1373.418 -593.724 7 10 

80 KSGU -1456.647 -187.285 7 10 

81 KSJN -1127.733 -529.673 7 10 

82 KSKX -812.696 -797.619 7 10 

83 KSOW -1187.951 -549.427 7 10 

84 KSPD -493.802 -285.159 7 10 

85 KSRR -789.624 -686.256 7 10 
Surface and Precipitation Stations 

 A-3 4/13/2007 

Surface Meteorological Stations 

2001 

Station 

Number 

Station 

Name 

Lambert 

Coordinate 

X (km) 

Lambert 

Coordinate 

Y (km) 

Time 

Zone

Anemometer 

Height 

86 KSVC -1043.578 -751.807 7 10 

87 KTAD -645.048 -278.061 7 10 

88 KTCC -597.363 -511.501 7 10 

89 KTCS -952.322 -695.439 7 10 

90 KTUS -1309.084 -772.955 7 10 

91 KU24 -1326.193 40.266 7 10 

92 KGCN -1351.769 -335.037 7 10 

93 KHOB -580.048 -790.648 7 10 

94 KTEX -948.259 -169.74 7 10 

95 KE33 -846.39 -298.154 7 10 

96 MMCS -893.759 -880.938 7 10 

97 K4SL -889.332 -391.854 7 10 

98 KAFF -671.158 -85.372 7 10 

99 KU28 -1126.008 -28.962 7 10 

100 KFHU -1261.816 -840.209 7 10 

101 KHMN -848.745 -749.371 7 10 

102 KGBN -1457.891 -656.39 7 10 

103 KLAM -831.464 -412.856 7 10 

104 KLUF -1415.707 -594.125 7 10 

105 KFCS -669.55 -116.96 7 10 

106 KGEU -1409.993 -597.351 7 10 

107 KEPZ -915.897 -851.724 7 10 

108 KCCU -779.686 -19.32 7 10 

109 KCPW -858.907 -235.621 7 10 

110 KMYP -805.328 -126.737 7 10 

111 KVTP -715.975 -244.241 7 10 

112 KMNH -652.817 -58.825 7 10 
Surface and Precipitation Stations 

 A-4 4/13/2007 

Surface Meteorological Stations 

2002 

Station 

Number 

Station 

Name 

Lambert 

Coordinate 

X (km) 

Lambert 

Coordinate 

Y (km) 

Time 

Zone

Anemometer 

Height 

1 K4BL -1088.794 -188.74 7 10 

2 K4CR -796.753 -614.946 7 10 

3 K4HV -1184.701 -91.019 7 10 

4 K4MY -820.552 -514.181 7 10 

5 K4SL -902.016 -397.882 7 10 

6 KABQ -870.967 -501.552 7 10 

7 KAEG -886.431 -489.863 7 10 

8 KAKO -524.951 36.397 7 10 

9 KALM -839.633 -752.147 7 10 

10 KALS -777.382 -244.023 7 10 

11 KAMA -425.225 -516.367 7 10 

12 KAPA -668.169 -19.352 7 10 

13 KASE -843.56 -40.773 7 10 

14 KATS -699.341 -756.355 7 10 

15 KBCE -1319.974 -143.768 7 10 

16 KBJC -687.645 19.671 7 10 

17 KBKF -658.539 -5.076 7 10 

18 KCAO -547.124 -374.102 7 10 

19 KCDC -1401.542 -129.849 7 10 

20 KCEZ -1020.893 -233.136 7 10 

21 KCGZ -1366.468 -675.581 7 10 

22 KCHD -1370.847 -633.186 7 10 

23 KCNM -681.361 -822.067 7 10 

24 KCNY -1095.593 -59.385 7 10 

25 KCOS -663.999 -102.631 7 10 

26 KCQC -775.182 -516.728 7 10 

27 KCVN -556.268 -599.276 7 10 

28 KCVS -577.834 -601.516 7 10 

29 KDEN -649.924 12.691 7 10 

30 KDHT -496.517 -424.942 7 10 

31 KDMN -1006.923 -798.125 7 10 

32 KDRO -945.713 -259.162 7 10 

33 KDUG -1194.674 -862.991 7 10 

34 KDVT -1385.653 -583.401 7 10 

35 KEEO -918.793 60.596 7 10 

36 KEGE -842.6 7.317 7 10 

37 KEHA -431.288 -320.167 7 10 

38 KELP -888.697 -862.785 7 10 

39 KFFZ -1359.37 -612.92 7 10 

40 KFGZ -1335.662 -418.569 7 10 

41 KFHU -1261.816 -840.209 7 10 
Surface and Precipitation Stations 

 A-5 4/13/2007 

Surface Meteorological Stations 

2002 

Station 

Number 

Station 

Name 

Lambert 

Coordinate 

X (km) 

Lambert 

Coordinate 

Y (km) 

Time 

Zone

Anemometer 

Height 

42 KFLG -1323.565 -431.409 7 10 

43 KFMN -993.475 -297.941 7 10 

44 KFST -566.391 -988.873 7 10 

45 KGCN -1351.769 -335.037 7 10 

46 KGDP -737.521 -873.407 7 10 

47 KGEU -1409.993 -597.351 7 10 

48 KGJT -986.737 -34.971 7 10 

49 KGNT -985.121 -475.597 7 10 

50 KGUC -855.846 -113.585 7 10 

51 KGUP -1060.45 -427.996 7 10 

52 KGXY -644.007 49.181 7 10 

53 KGYR -1419.716 -608.461 7 10 

54 KHOB -580.048 -790.648 7 10 

55 KINK -586.978 -890.95 7 10 

56 KINW -1241.942 -457.351 7 10 

57 KITR -451.837 -69.8 7 10 

58 KIWA -1356.255 -632.196 7 10 

59 KLAA -494.483 -198.304 7 10 

60 KLBB -445.079 -691.2 7 10 

61 KLHX -567.01 -195.279 7 10 

62 KLIC -573.7 -69.147 7 10 

63 KLRU -917.261 -803.759 7 10 

64 KLVS -731.441 -447.785 7 10 

65 KLXV -794.908 -42.221 7 10 

66 KMAF -489.696 -878.105 7 10 

67 KMLF -1380.148 -51.293 7 10 

68 KMTJ -939.546 -109.53 7 10 

69 KODO -509.4 -880.305 7 10 

70 KOLS -1312.937 -851.17 7 10 

71 KPGA -1272.618 -237.748 7 10 

72 KPHX -1385.892 -612.301 7 10 

73 KPRC -1401.151 -472.762 7 10 

74 KPSR -1386.494 -611.852 7 10 

75 KPUB -651.703 -162.851 7 10 

76 KPUC -1166.723 46.049 7 10 

77 KRIL -912.112 1.889 7 10 

78 KROW -698.85 -712.895 7 10 

79 KRQE -1083.18 -409.162 7 10 

80 KRTN -664.239 -331.996 7 10 

81 KSAD -1176.466 -709.996 7 10 

82 KSAF -816.558 -444.045 7 10 

83 KSDL -1373.418 -593.724 7 10 
Surface and Precipitation Stations 

 A-6 4/13/2007 

Surface Meteorological Stations 

2002 

Station 

Number 

Station 

Name 

Lambert 

Coordinate 

X (km) 

Lambert 

Coordinate 

Y (km) 

Time 

Zone

Anemometer 

Height 

84 KSGU -1456.647 -187.285 7 10 

85 KSJN -1127.733 -529.673 7 10 

86 KSKX -770.438 -355.856 7 10 

87 KSOW -1187.951 -549.427 7 10 

88 KSPD -493.802 -285.159 7 10 

89 KSRR -789.624 -686.256 7 10 

90 KSVC -1043.578 -751.807 7 10 

91 KTAD -644.899 -276.219 7 10 

92 KTCC -597.363 -511.501 7 10 

93 KTCS -952.322 -695.439 7 10 

94 KTEX -948.259 -169.74 7 10 

95 KTUS -1309.084 -772.955 7 10 

96 KU24 -1326.193 40.266 7 10 

97 KDMA -1303.576 -768.169 7 10 

98 MMCS -893.759 -880.938 7 10 

99 KE33 -846.39 -298.154 7 10 

100 KU28 -1126.008 -28.962 7 10 

101 KFCS -669.55 -116.96 7 10 

102 KHMN -848.745 -749.371 7 10 

103 KLUF -1415.707 -594.125 7 10 

104 KGBN -1457.891 -656.39 7 10 

105 KAFF -671.158 -85.372 7 10 

106 KCCU -779.686 -19.32 7 10 

107 KCPW -858.907 -235.621 7 10 

108 KMYP -805.328 -126.737 7 10 

109 KVTP -715.975 -244.241 7 10 

110 KMNH -652.817 -58.825 7 10 

111 KCRV -725.218 39.791 7 10 
Surface and Precipitation Stations 

 A-7 4/13/2007 

Surface Meteorological Stations 

2003 

Station 

Number 

Station 

Name 

Lambert 

Coordinate 

X (km) 

Lambert 

Coordinate 

Y (km) 

Time 

Zone 

Anemometer 

Height 

1 K4BL -1088.794 -188.74 7 10 

2 K4CR -796.753 -614.946 7 10 

3 K4HV -1184.701 -91.019 7 10 

4 K4MY -820.552 -514.181 7 10 

5 K4SL -902.016 -397.882 7 10 

6 KABQ -870.967 -501.552 7 10 

7 KAEG -886.431 -489.863 7 10 

8 KAKO -524.951 36.397 7 10 

9 KALM -839.633 -752.147 7 10 

10 KALS -777.382 -244.023 7 10 

11 KAMA -425.225 -516.367 7 10 

12 KAPA -668.169 -19.352 7 10 

13 KASE -843.56 -40.773 7 10 

14 KATS -699.341 -756.355 7 10 

15 KBCE -1319.974 -143.768 7 10 

16 KBJC -687.645 19.671 7 10 

17 KBKF -658.539 -5.076 7 10 

18 KCAO -547.124 -374.102 7 10 

19 KCCU -779.686 -19.32 7 10 

20 KCDC -1401.542 -129.849 7 10 

21 KCEZ -1020.893 -233.136 7 10 

22 KCGZ -1366.468 -675.581 7 10 

23 KCHD -1370.847 -633.186 7 10 

24 KCNM -681.361 -822.067 7 10 

25 KCNY -1095.593 -59.385 7 10 

26 KCOS -663.999 -102.631 7 10 

27 KCPW -858.907 -235.621 7 10 

28 KCQC -775.182 -516.728 7 10 

29 KCRV -725.218 39.791 7 10 

30 KCVN -556.268 -599.276 7 10 

31 KCVS -577.834 -601.516 7 10 

32 KDEN -649.924 12.691 7 10 

33 KDHT -496.517 -424.942 7 10 

34 KDMA -1303.576 -768.169 7 10 

35 KDMN -1006.923 -798.125 7 10 

36 KDRO -945.713 -259.162 7 10 

37 KDUG -1194.674 -862.991 7 10 

38 KDVT -1385.653 -583.401 7 10 

39 KEEO -918.793 60.596 7 10 

40 KEGE -842.6 7.317 7 10 

41 KEHA -431.288 -320.167 7 10 
Surface and Precipitation Stations 

 A-8 4/13/2007 

Surface Meteorological Stations 

2003 

Station 

Number 

Station 

Name 

Lambert 

Coordinate 

X (km) 

Lambert 

Coordinate 

Y (km) 

Time 

Zone 

Anemometer 

Height 

42 KELP -888.697 -862.785 7 10 

43 KFFZ -1359.37 -612.92 7 10 

44 KFGZ -1335.662 -418.569 7 10 

45 KFLG -1323.565 -431.409 7 10 

46 KFMN -993.475 -297.941 7 10 

47 KFST -566.391 -988.873 7 10 

48 KGCN -1351.769 -335.037 7 10 

49 KGDP -737.521 -873.407 7 10 

50 KGEU -1409.993 -597.351 7 10 

51 KGJT -986.737 -34.971 7 10 

52 KGNT -985.121 -475.597 7 10 

53 KGUC -855.846 -113.585 7 10 

54 KGUP -1060.45 -427.996 7 10 

55 KGXY -644.007 49.181 7 10 

56 KGYR -1419.716 -608.461 7 10 

57 KHOB -580.048 -790.648 7 10 

58 KINK -586.978 -890.95 7 10 

59 KINW -1241.942 -457.351 7 10 

60 KITR -451.837 -69.8 7 10 

61 KIWA -1356.255 -632.196 7 10 

62 KLAA -494.483 -198.304 7 10 

63 KLBB -445.079 -691.2 7 10 

64 KLHX -567.01 -195.279 7 10 

65 KLIC -573.7 -69.147 7 10 

66 KLRU -917.261 -803.759 7 10 

67 KLVS -731.441 -447.785 7 10 

68 KLXV -794.908 -42.221 7 10 

69 KMAF -489.696 -878.105 7 10 

70 KMLF -1380.148 -51.293 7 10 

71 KMNH -652.817 -58.825 7 10 

72 KMTJ -939.546 -109.53 7 10 

73 KMYP -805.328 -126.737 7 10 

74 KODO -509.4 -880.305 7 10 

75 KOLS -1312.937 -851.17 7 10 

76 KPGA -1272.618 -237.748 7 10 

77 KPHX -1385.892 -612.301 7 10 

78 KPRC -1401.151 -472.762 7 10 

79 KPSR -1386.494 -611.852 7 10 

80 KPUB -651.703 -162.851 7 10 

81 KPUC -1166.723 46.049 7 10 

82 KRIL -912.112 1.889 7 10 

83 KROW -698.85 -712.895 7 10 
Surface and Precipitation Stations 

 A-9 4/13/2007 

Surface Meteorological Stations 

2003 

Station 

Number 

Station 

Name 

Lambert 

Coordinate 

X (km) 

Lambert 

Coordinate 

Y (km) 

Time 

Zone 

Anemometer 

Height 

84 KRQE -1083.18 -409.162 7 10 

85 KRTN -664.239 -331.996 7 10 

86 KSAD -1176.466 -709.996 7 10 

87 KSAF -816.558 -444.045 7 10 

88 KSDL -1373.418 -593.724 7 10 

89 KSGU -1456.647 -187.285 7 10 

90 KSJN -1127.733 -529.673 7 10 

91 KSKX -770.438 -355.856 7 10 

92 KSOW -1187.951 -549.427 7 10 

93 KSPD -493.802 -285.159 7 10 

94 KSRR -789.624 -686.256 7 10 

95 KSVC -1043.578 -751.807 7 10 

96 KTAD -644.899 -276.219 7 10 

97 KTCC -597.363 -511.501 7 10 

98 KTCS -952.322 -695.439 7 10 

99 KTEX -948.259 -169.74 7 10 

100 KTUS -1309.084 -772.955 7 10 

101 KU24 -1326.193 40.266 7 10 

102 KVTP -715.975 -244.241 7 10 

103 MMCS -893.759 -880.938 7 10 

104 KE33 -846.39 -298.154 7 10 

105 KU28 -1126.008 -28.962 7 10 

106 KHMN -848.745 -749.371 7 10 

107 KAFF -671.158 -85.372 7 10 

108 KFCS -669.55 -116.96 7 10 

109 KFHU -1261.816 -840.209 7 10 

110 KGBN -1457.891 -656.39 7 10 

111 KLUF -1415.707 -594.125 7 10 

112 KBPG -425.646 -852.529 7 10 

113 KPVW -432.871 -634.402 7 10 

114 K20V -791.766 46.384 7 10 
Surface and Precipitation Stations 

 A-10 4/13/2007 

Precipitation Stations 

2001 

Station 

Number 

Station 

Name 

Lambert 

Coordinate 

X (km) 

Lambert 

Coordinate 

Y (km) 

1 K4BL -1088.794 -188.74 

2 K4CR -796.753 -614.946 

3 K4HV -1184.701 -91.019 

4 K4MY -820.552 -514.181 

5 KABQ -870.967 -501.552 

6 KAEG -886.431 -489.863 

7 KAKO -524.951 36.397 

8 KALM -839.633 -752.147 

9 KALS -777.382 -244.023 

10 KAMA -425.225 -516.367 

11 KAPA -668.169 -19.352 

12 KASE -843.56 -40.773 

13 KATS -699.341 -756.355 

14 KBCE -1319.635 -144.072 

15 KBJC -687.645 19.671 

16 KBKF -658.539 -5.076 

17 KCAO -547.124 -374.102 

18 KCDC -1401.542 -129.849 

19 KCEZ -1020.893 -233.136 

20 KCGZ -1366.468 -675.581 

21 KCHD -1370.847 -633.186 

22 KCNM -682.759 -822.078 

23 KCNY -1095.593 -59.385 

24 KCOS -663.999 -102.631 

25 KCQC -775.182 -516.728 

26 KCVN -556.268 -599.276 

27 KCVS -577.834 -601.516 

28 KDEN -649.924 12.691 

29 KDHT -496.517 -424.942 

30 KDMA -1303.576 -768.169 

31 KDMN -1006.923 -798.125 

32 KDRO -945.713 -259.162 

33 KDUG -1194.674 -862.991 

34 KDVT -1424.153 -803.334 

35 KEEO -918.793 60.596 

36 KEGE -842.6 7.317 

37 KEHA -431.288 -320.167 

38 KELP -888.697 -862.785 

39 KFFZ -1359.37 -612.92 

40 KFGZ -1335.662 -418.569 

41 KFLG -1323.565 -431.409 
Surface and Precipitation Stations 

 A-11 4/13/2007 

Precipitation Stations 

2001 

Station 

Number 

Station 

Name 

Lambert 

Coordinate 

X (km) 

Lambert 

Coordinate 

Y (km) 

42 KFMN -993.475 -297.941 

43 KFST -566.391 -988.873 

44 KGDP -737.521 -873.407 

45 KGJT -986.737 -34.971 

46 KGNT -985.121 -475.597 

47 KGUC -855.846 -113.585 

48 KGUP -1060.45 -427.996 

49 KGXY -644.007 49.181 

50 KGYR -1419.716 -608.461 

51 KINK -586.879 -890.621 

52 KINW -1241.942 -457.351 

53 KITR -451.837 -69.8 

54 KIWA -1356.255 -632.196 

55 KLAA -494.483 -198.304 

56 KLBB -445.079 -691.2 

57 KLHX -567.01 -195.279 

58 KLIC -573.7 -69.147 

59 KLRU -917.261 -803.759 

60 KLVS -731.441 -447.785 

61 KLXV -794.908 -42.221 

62 KMAF -489.696 -878.105 

63 KMLF -1380.148 -51.293 

64 KMTJ -939.546 -109.53 

65 KODO -509.4 -880.305 

66 KOLS -1312.937 -851.17 

67 KPGA -1272.618 -237.748 

68 KPHX -1385.892 -612.301 

69 KPRC -1401.151 -472.762 

70 KPSR -1386.494 -611.852 

71 KPUB -651.703 -162.851 

72 KPUC -1166.723 46.049 

73 KRIL -912.112 1.889 

74 KROW -698.85 -712.895 

75 KRQE -1083.18 -409.162 

76 KRTN -664.239 -331.996 

77 KSAD -1176.466 -709.996 

78 KSAF -816.558 -444.045 

79 KSDL -1373.418 -593.724 

80 KSGU -1456.647 -187.285 

81 KSJN -1127.733 -529.673 

82 KSKX -812.696 -797.619 

83 KSOW -1187.951 -549.427 
Surface and Precipitation Stations 

 A-12 4/13/2007 

Precipitation Stations 

2001 

Station 

Number 

Station 

Name 

Lambert 

Coordinate 

X (km) 

Lambert 

Coordinate 

Y (km) 

84 KSPD -493.802 -285.159 

85 KSRR -789.624 -686.256 

86 KSVC -1043.578 -751.807 

87 KTAD -645.048 -278.061 

88 KTCC -597.363 -511.501 

89 KTCS -952.322 -695.439 

90 KTUS -1309.084 -772.955 

91 KU24 -1326.193 40.266 

92 KGCN -1351.769 -335.037 

93 KHOB -580.048 -790.648 

94 KTEX -948.259 -169.74 

95 KE33 -846.39 -298.154 

96 MMCS -893.759 -880.938 

97 K4SL -889.332 -391.854 

98 KAFF -671.158 -85.372 

99 KU28 -1126.008 -28.962 

100 KFHU -1261.816 -840.209 

101 KHMN -848.745 -749.371 

102 KGBN -1457.891 -656.39 

103 KLAM -831.464 -412.856 

104 KLUF -1415.707 -594.125 

105 KFCS -669.55 -116.96 

106 KGEU -1409.993 -597.351 

107 KEPZ -915.897 -851.724 

108 KCCU -779.686 -19.32 

109 KCPW -858.907 -235.621 

110 KMYP -805.328 -126.737 

111 KVTP -715.975 -244.241 

112 KMNH -652.817 -58.825 
Surface and Precipitation Stations 

 A-13 4/13/2007 

Precipitation Stations 

2002 

Station 

Number 

Station 

Name 

Lambert 

Coordinate 

X (km) 

Lambert 

Coordinate 

Y (km) 

1 K4BL -1088.794 -188.74 

2 K4CR -796.753 -614.946 

3 K4HV -1184.701 -91.019 

4 K4MY -820.552 -514.181 

5 K4SL -902.016 -397.882 

6 KABQ -870.967 -501.552 

7 KAEG -886.431 -489.863 

8 KAKO -524.951 36.397 

9 KALM -839.633 -752.147 

10 KALS -777.382 -244.023 

11 KAMA -425.225 -516.367 

12 KAPA -668.169 -19.352 

13 KASE -843.56 -40.773 

14 KATS -699.341 -756.355 

15 KBCE -1319.974 -143.768 

16 KBJC -687.645 19.671 

17 KBKF -658.539 -5.076 

18 KCAO -547.124 -374.102 

19 KCDC -1401.542 -129.849 

20 KCEZ -1020.893 -233.136 

21 KCGZ -1366.468 -675.581 

22 KCHD -1370.847 -633.186 

23 KCNM -681.361 -822.067 

24 KCNY -1095.593 -59.385 

25 KCOS -663.999 -102.631 

26 KCQC -775.182 -516.728 

27 KCVN -556.268 -599.276 

28 KCVS -577.834 -601.516 

29 KDEN -649.924 12.691 

30 KDHT -496.517 -424.942 

31 KDMN -1006.923 -798.125 

32 KDRO -945.713 -259.162 

33 KDUG -1194.674 -862.991 

34 KDVT -1385.653 -583.401 

35 KEEO -918.793 60.596 

36 KEGE -842.6 7.317 

37 KEHA -431.288 -320.167 

38 KELP -888.697 -862.785 

39 KFFZ -1359.37 -612.92 

40 KFGZ -1335.662 -418.569 

41 KFHU -1261.816 -840.209 

42 KFLG -1323.565 -431.409 

43 KFMN -993.475 -297.941 

44 KFST -566.391 -988.873 

45 KGCN -1351.769 -335.037 

46 KGDP -737.521 -873.407 
Surface and Precipitation Stations 

 A-14 4/13/2007 

Precipitation Stations 

2002 

Station 

Number 

Station 

Name 

Lambert 

Coordinate 

X (km) 

Lambert 

Coordinate 

Y (km) 

47 KGEU -1409.993 -597.351 

48 KGJT -986.737 -34.971 

49 KGNT -985.121 -475.597 

50 KGUC -855.846 -113.585 

51 KGUP -1060.45 -427.996 

52 KGXY -644.007 49.181 

53 KGYR -1419.716 -608.461 

54 KHOB -580.048 -790.648 

55 KINK -586.978 -890.95 

56 KINW -1241.942 -457.351 

57 KITR -451.837 -69.8 

58 KIWA -1356.255 -632.196 

59 KLAA -494.483 -198.304 

60 KLBB -445.079 -691.2 

61 KLHX -567.01 -195.279 

62 KLIC -573.7 -69.147 

63 KLRU -917.261 -803.759 

64 KLVS -731.441 -447.785 

65 KLXV -794.908 -42.221 

66 KMAF -489.696 -878.105 

67 KMLF -1380.148 -51.293 

68 KMTJ -939.546 -109.53 

69 KODO -509.4 -880.305 

70 KOLS -1312.937 -851.17 

71 KPGA -1272.618 -237.748 

72 KPHX -1385.892 -612.301 

73 KPRC -1401.151 -472.762 

74 KPSR -1386.494 -611.852 

75 KPUB -651.703 -162.851 

76 KPUC -1166.723 46.049 

77 KRIL -912.112 1.889 

78 KROW -698.85 -712.895 

79 KRQE -1083.18 -409.162 

80 KRTN -664.239 -331.996 

81 KSAD -1176.466 -709.996 

82 KSAF -816.558 -444.045 

83 KSDL -1373.418 -593.724 

84 KSGU -1456.647 -187.285 

85 KSJN -1127.733 -529.673 

86 KSKX -770.438 -355.856 

87 KSOW -1187.951 -549.427 

88 KSPD -493.802 -285.159 

89 KSRR -789.624 -686.256 
Surface and Precipitation Stations 

 A-15 4/13/2007 

Precipitation Stations 

2002 

Station 

Number 

Station 

Name 

Lambert 

Coordinate 

X (km) 

Lambert 

Coordinate 

Y (km) 

90 KSVC -1043.578 -751.807 

91 KTAD -644.899 -276.219 

92 KTCC -597.363 -511.501 

93 KTCS -952.322 -695.439 

94 KTEX -948.259 -169.74 

95 KTUS -1309.084 -772.955 

96 KU24 -1326.193 40.266 

97 KDMA -1303.576 -768.169 

98 MMCS -893.759 -880.938 

99 KE33 -846.39 -298.154 

100 KU28 -1126.008 -28.962 

101 KFCS -669.55 -116.96 

102 KHMN -848.745 -749.371 

103 KLUF -1415.707 -594.125 

104 KGBN -1457.891 -656.39 

105 KAFF -671.158 -85.372 

106 KCCU -779.686 -19.32 

107 KCPW -858.907 -235.621 

108 KMYP -805.328 -126.737 

109 KVTP -715.975 -244.241 

110 KMNH -652.817 -58.825 

111 KCRV -725.218 39.791 
Surface and Precipitation Stations 

 A-16 4/13/2007 

Precipitation Stations 

2003 

Station 

Number 

Station 

Name 

Lambert 

Coordinate 

X (km) 

Lambert 

Coordinate 

Y (km) 

1 K4BL -1088.794 -188.74 

2 K4CR -796.753 -614.946 

3 K4HV -1184.701 -91.019 

4 K4MY -820.552 -514.181 

5 K4SL -902.016 -397.882 

6 KABQ -870.967 -501.552 

7 KAEG -886.431 -489.863 

8 KAKO -524.951 36.397 

9 KALM -839.633 -752.147 

10 KALS -777.382 -244.023 

11 KAMA -425.225 -516.367 

12 KAPA -668.169 -19.352 

13 KASE -843.56 -40.773 

14 KATS -699.341 -756.355 

15 KBCE -1319.974 -143.768 

16 KBJC -687.645 19.671 

17 KBKF -658.539 -5.076 

18 KCAO -547.124 -374.102 

19 KCCU -779.686 -19.32 

20 KCDC -1401.542 -129.849 

21 KCEZ -1020.893 -233.136 

22 KCGZ -1366.468 -675.581 

23 KCHD -1370.847 -633.186 

24 KCNM -681.361 -822.067 

25 KCNY -1095.593 -59.385 

26 KCOS -663.999 -102.631 

27 KCPW -858.907 -235.621 

28 KCQC -775.182 -516.728 

29 KCRV -725.218 39.791 

30 KCVN -556.268 -599.276 

31 KCVS -577.834 -601.516 

32 KDEN -649.924 12.691 

33 KDHT -496.517 -424.942 

34 KDMA -1303.576 -768.169 

35 KDMN -1006.923 -798.125 

36 KDRO -945.713 -259.162 

37 KDUG -1194.674 -862.991 

38 KDVT -1385.653 -583.401 

39 KEEO -918.793 60.596 

40 KEGE -842.6 7.317 

41 KEHA -431.288 -320.167 

42 KELP -888.697 -862.785 

43 KFFZ -1359.37 -612.92 

44 KFGZ -1335.662 -418.569 

45 KFLG -1323.565 -431.409 

46 KFMN -993.475 -297.941 
Surface and Precipitation Stations 

 A-17 4/13/2007 

Precipitation Stations 

2003 

Station 

Number 

Station 

Name 

Lambert 

Coordinate 

X (km) 

Lambert 

Coordinate 

Y (km) 

47 KFST -566.391 -988.873 

48 KGCN -1351.769 -335.037 

49 KGDP -737.521 -873.407 

50 KGEU -1409.993 -597.351 

51 KGJT -986.737 -34.971 

52 KGNT -985.121 -475.597 

53 KGUC -855.846 -113.585 

54 KGUP -1060.45 -427.996 

55 KGXY -644.007 49.181 

56 KGYR -1419.716 -608.461 

57 KHOB -580.048 -790.648 

58 KINK -586.978 -890.95 

59 KINW -1241.942 -457.351 

60 KITR -451.837 -69.8 

61 KIWA -1356.255 -632.196 

62 KLAA -494.483 -198.304 

63 KLBB -445.079 -691.2 

64 KLHX -567.01 -195.279 

65 KLIC -573.7 -69.147 

66 KLRU -917.261 -803.759 

67 KLVS -731.441 -447.785 

68 KLXV -794.908 -42.221 

69 KMAF -489.696 -878.105 

70 KMLF -1380.148 -51.293 

71 KMNH -652.817 -58.825 

72 KMTJ -939.546 -109.53 

73 KMYP -805.328 -126.737 

74 KODO -509.4 -880.305 

75 KOLS -1312.937 -851.17 

76 KPGA -1272.618 -237.748 

77 KPHX -1385.892 -612.301 

78 KPRC -1401.151 -472.762 

79 KPSR -1386.494 -611.852 

80 KPUB -651.703 -162.851 

81 KPUC -1166.723 46.049 

82 KRIL -912.112 1.889 

83 KROW -698.85 -712.895 

84 KRQE -1083.18 -409.162 

85 KRTN -664.239 -331.996 

86 KSAD -1176.466 -709.996 

87 KSAF -816.558 -444.045 

88 KSDL -1373.418 -593.724 

89 KSGU -1456.647 -187.285 
Surface and Precipitation Stations 

 A-18 4/13/2007 

Precipitation Stations 

2003 

Station 

Number 

Station 

Name 

Lambert 

Coordinate 

X (km) 

Lambert 

Coordinate 

Y (km) 

90 KSJN -1127.733 -529.673 

91 KSKX -770.438 -355.856 

92 KSOW -1187.951 -549.427 

93 KSPD -493.802 -285.159 

94 KSRR -789.624 -686.256 

95 KSVC -1043.578 -751.807 

96 KTAD -644.899 -276.219 

97 KTCC -597.363 -511.501 

98 KTCS -952.322 -695.439 

99 KTEX -948.259 -169.74 

100 KTUS -1309.084 -772.955 

101 KU24 -1326.193 40.266 

102 KVTP -715.975 -244.241 

103 MMCS -893.759 -880.938 

104 KE33 -846.39 -298.154 

105 KU28 -1126.008 -28.962 

106 KHMN -848.745 -749.371 

107 KAFF -671.158 -85.372 

108 KFCS -669.55 -116.96 

109 KFHU -1261.816 -840.209 

110 KGBN -1457.891 -656.39 

111 KLUF -1415.707 -594.125 

112 KBPG -425.646 -852.529 

113 KPVW -432.871 -634.402 

114 K20V -791.766 46.384 
 B 4/13/2007 

Appendix B 

CALMET Control File Inputs 
CALMET Control File Inputs 

 B-1 4/13/2007 

Variable Description PNM Value Agreement 

with Default 

Comments 

INPUT GROUP 0: Input and Output 

NUSTA Number of Upper air 

stations 

10 n/a 

NOWSTA Number of over water met 

stations 

0 n/a Not using over water met stations 

INPUT GROUP 1: General Run Control Parameters

IBYR Starting year of the 

CALPUFF run 

2001 n/a 2002 and 2003 are the other years 

modeled 

IBMO Starting month 1 n/a 

IBDY Starting day 1 n/a 

IBHR Starting hour 0 n/a 

IBTZ Base time zone 7 n/a Mountain Standard Time 

IRLG Length of run (hours) 744 n/a CALMET run in daily increments 

31 days = 744 hours 

30 days = 720 hours 

28 days = 672 hours 

IRTYPE Run Type 1 Y Must be 1 to run CALPUFF 

LCALGRD Compute variables used by 

both CALGRID and 

CALPUFF 

T Y Compute all fields required by 

CALPUFF 

ITEST Stop run after SETUP to do 

input QA 

2 Y 

INPUT GROUP 2: Map Projection and Grid Control Parameters

PMAP Map Projection LCC UTM 

FEAST False Easting at the 

projection origin 

0.00 Y 

FNORTH False Northing at the 

projection origin 

0.00 Y 

IUTMZN UTM zone n/a n/a 

UTMHEM Hemisphere for UTM 

projection 

n/a n/a 

RLATO 

Latitude (dec. degrees) of 

projection origin 40.0 N n/a 

RLONO Longitude (dec. degrees) of 

projection origin 

97.0 W n/a 

XLAT1 Matching parallel(s) of 

latitude projection 

33.0 N n/a 

XLAT2 Matching parallel(s) of 

latitude projection 

45.0 N n/a 

DATUM Datum region for output 

coordinates 

NWS-84 n/a 

NX Number of X grid cells in 

meteorological grid 

216 n/a 

NY Number of Y grid cells in 

meteorological grid 

216 n/a

DGRIDKM Grid spacing, km 4 n/a Refined grid spacing 

XORIGKM Ref. Coordinate of SW 

corner of grid cell (1,1) 

-1368 n/a 

YORIGKM Ref. Coordinate of SW 

corner of grid cell (1,1) 

-900 n/a 

NZ No. of vertical layers 10 n/a 
CALMET Control File Inputs 

 B-2 4/13/2007 

Variable Description PNM Value Agreement 

with Default 

Comments 

ZFACE Cell face heights in 

arbitrary vertical grid, m 

0,20, 

100,200,350,500,

750,1000,2000, 

3000,4000,5000 

n/a WRAP BART Modeling Protocol 

Recommended Values 

INPUT GROUP 3: Output Options

LSAVE Disk output option T Y 

IFORMO Type of unformatted output 

type 

1 Y 

LPRINT Print met fields F Y 

IPRINF Print intervals 1 Y 

IUVOUT(NZ) Specify layers of u,v wind 

components to print 

NZ*0 Y 

IWOUT(NZ) Specify layers of w wind 

components to print 

NZ*0 Y 

ITOUT(NZ) Specify layers of 3-D 

temperature field to print 

NZ*0 Y 

LDB Print input met data and 

variables 

F Y 

NN1 First time step for debug 

data to be printed 

1 Y Not used 

NN2 Last time step for debug 

data to be printed 

2 N Not used 

IOUTD Control 1variable for 

writing test/debug wind 

fields 

0 Y 

NZPRN2 Number of levels starting at 

surface to print 

1 Y 

IPR0 Print interpolated wind 

components 

0 Y

IPR1 Print terrain adjusted 

surface wind components 

0 Y

IPR2 Print initial divergence 

fields 

0 Y

IPR3 Print final wind speed and 

direction 

0 Y

IPR4 Print final divergence fields 0 Y

IPR5 Print winds after kinematic 

effects 

0 Y

IPR6 Print winds after Froude 

number adjustment 

0 Y

IPR7 Print winds after slope 

flows are added 

0 Y

IPR8 Print final field components 0 Y

INPUT GROUP 4: Meteorological Data Options

NOOBS 1= Use of surface and 

precipitation (no upper air 

observations); use MM5 for 

upper air data 

1 Y 

NSSTA Number of meteorological 112 n/a 111 stations for 2002 
CALMET Control File Inputs 

 B-3 4/13/2007 

Variable Description PNM Value Agreement 

with Default 

Comments 

surface stations 114 stations for 2003 

NPSTA Number of precipitation 

stations 

112 n/a 111 stations for 2002 

114 stations for 2003 

ICLOUD Gridded cloud fields 0 N 

IFORMS Formatted surface 

meteorological data file 

2 Y 

IFORMP Formatted surface 

precipitation data file 

2 Y 

IFORMC Formatted cloud data file 2 Y No additional cloud data used in 

the model. 

INPUT GROUP 5: Windfield Options and Parameters

IWFCOD Model selection variable 1 Y 

IFRADJ Compute Froude number 

adjustment factor 

1 Y 

IKINE Compute kinematic effects 0 Y WRAP BART Modeling Protocol 

Recommended Value 

IOBR Use O’Brien (1970) 

vertical velocity adjustment 

0 Y 

ISLOPE Compute slope flow effects 1 Y 

IEXTRP Extrapolate surface wind 

obs to upper level 

1 N WRAP BART Modeling Protocol 

Recommended Value 

ICALM Extrapolate surface winds 

if calm 

0 Y 

BIAS Layer dependent biases 

weighting aloft 

measurements 

NZ*0 Y 

RMIN2 Minimum vertical 

extrapolation distance 

4 Y 

IPROG Use gridded prognostic 

wind field model output 

fields as input to the 

diagnostic wind field model 

14 N Use winds from MM5.DAT file as 

initial guess field 

ISTEPPG MM5 output timestep 1 Y 

LVARY Use varying radius of 

influence 

F Y 

RMAX1 Maximum radius of 

influence over land in sfc 

layer 

50 n/a 

RMAX2 Maximum radius of 

influence over land aloft 

100 n/a 

RMAX3 Maximum radius of 

influence over water 

100 n/a 

RMIN Minimum radius of 

influence used anywhere 

0.1 Y 

TERRAD Terrain feature radius of 

influence 

10 n/a 

R1 Weighting of first guess 

surface field 

100 n/a 

R2 Weighting of first guess 

aloft field 

200 n/a 

WRAP BART Modeling Protocol 

Recommended Value 

RPROG MM4 windfield weighting 

parameter 

0 n/a Not used since IPROG is not equal 

to 1. 
CALMET Control File Inputs 

 B-4 4/13/2007 

Variable Description PNM Value Agreement 

with Default 

Comments 

DIVLIM Minimum divergence 

criterion 

5.E-6 Y 

NITER Number of divergences 

minimization iterations 

50 Y 

NSMMTH Number of passes through 

smoothing filter in each 

layer of CALMET 

2,4,4,4,4, 

4,4,4,4,4 

Y 

NINTR2 Maximum number of 

stations use din each layer 

for the interpretation of 

data to a grid point 

99 Y 

CRITFN Critical Froude number 1.0 Y 

ALPHA Kinematic effects 

parameter 

0.1 Y 

FEXTR2 Scaling factor for 

extrapolating sfc winds 

aloft 

NZ*0 Y 

NBAR Number of terrain barriers 0 Y 

IDIOTP1 Surface temperature 

computation switch 

0 Y 

ISURFT Number of sfc met station 

to use for temp calcs 

42 n/a Surface Station KFMN 

2002 = 43 

2003 = 46 

IDIOPT2 Domain average lapse rate 

switch 

0 Y 

IUPT Upper air station to use for 

lapse rate calculation 

0 n/a Upper Air Stations Not Used 

ZUPT Depth through wish lapse 

rate is calculated 

200 Y 

IDIOPT3 Domain averaged wind 

components 

0 Y 

IUPWIND Number of aloft stations to 

use for wind calc 

-1 Y 

ZUPWIND Bottom and top of layer 

through which the domain 

scale winds are computed 

1, 1000 Y 

IDIOPT4 Observed surface wind 

component switch 

0 Y 

IDIOPT5 Observed aloft wind 

component switch 

0 Y 

LLBREZE Use lake breeze model F Y 

NBOX Number of lake breeze 

regions 

n/a n/a 

NLB Number of stations in the 

region 

 n/a n/a 

METBXID 

(NLB) 

Stations ID’s in the region n/a n/a 

Input Group 6: Mixing Height, Temperature and Precipitation Parameters 

CONSTB Neutral stability mixing 

height coefficient 

1.41 Y 

CONSTE Convective stability mixing 

height coefficient 

0.15 Y 
CALMET Control File Inputs 

 B-5 4/13/2007 

Variable Description PNM Value Agreement 

with Default 

Comments 

CONSTN Stable stability maxing 

height coefficient 

2400 Y 

CONSTW Overwater mixing height 

coefficient 

0.16 Y 

FCORIOL Absolute vale of Coriolis 

parameter 

1 E-4 Y 

IAVEZI Conduct spatial averaging 1 Y 

MNMDAV Maximum search radius in 

averaging process 

1 Y 

HAFANG Half angle of upwind 

looking cone for averaging 

30 Y 

ILEVZI Layers of wind use in 

upwind averaging 

1 Y 

DPTMIN Minimum potential 

temperature lapse rate in 

the stable layer above the 

current convective mixing 

height 

0.001 Y 

DZZI Depth of layer above 

current convective mixing 

height through which lapse 

rate is computed 

200 Y 

ZIMIN Minimum overland mixing 

height 

50 Y 

ZIMAX Maximum overland mixing 

height 

4500 Y WRAP BART Modeling Protocol 

Recommended Value 

ZIMINW Minimum overwater 

mixing height 

50 Y 

ZIMAXW Maximum overwater 

mixing height 

4500 Y WRAP BART Modeling Protocol 

Recommended Value 

IRHPROG 3D relative humidity form 

observation or from MM5 0 Y Use RH from SURF.DAT file 

ITPROG 3D temperature from 

observations or from MM5 

1 N Use Surface stations and Use 

MM5/3D for Upper Air 

IRAD Type of interpolation 1 Y 

TRADKM Temperature interpolation 

radius of influence 

500 N WRAP BART Modeling Protocol 

Recommended Value 

NUMTS Maximum number of 

station for temperature 

interpolation 

5 Y 

IAVET Spatially average 

temperatures 

1 Y 

TGDEFB Temperature gradient 

below mixing height over 

water 

-0.0098 Y 

TGDEFA Temperature gradient 

above mixing height over 

water 

-0.0045 Y 

JWAT1 Beginning land use 

categories over water 

55 n/a WRAP BART Modeling Protocol 

Recommended Value 

JWAT2 Ending land use categories 

for water 

55 n/a WRAP BART Modeling Protocol 

Recommended Value 
CALMET Control File Inputs 

 B-6 4/13/2007 

Variable Description PNM Value Agreement 

with Default 

Comments 

NFLAGP Precipitation interpolation 

flag 

2 Y 

SIGMAP Radius of influence for 

precipitation interpolation 

100 Y 

CUTP Minimum precipitation rate 

cutoff (mm/hr) 

0.01 Y 

INPUT GROUP: 7 Surface meteorological station parameters 

See Appendix A 

INPUT GROUP: 8 Upper air meteorological station parameters 

Upper Air Stations Not Used 

INPUT GROUP: 9 Precipitation station parameters 

See Appendix A 
 C 4/13/2007 

Appendix C 

CALPUFF Control File Inputs
CALPUFF Control File Inputs

 C-1 4/13/2007 

Variable Description PNM 

Value 

Default Comments 

INPUT GROUP 1: General run control parameters 

METRUN Control parameter for running 

all periods in met. File (0=no; 

1=yes) 

0 Y 

IBYR Starting year of the CALPUFF 

run 

2001 n/a 2002 and 2003 are the other years 

modeled 

IBMO Starting month 1 n/a 

IBDY Starting day 1 n/a 

IBHR Starting hour 0 n/a 

XBTZ Base time zone 7 n/a Mountain Standard Time 

IRLG Length of the run (hours) 8736 n/a 

NSPEC Total number of species 

modeled 

11 5 

NSE Number of species emitted 7 3 

METFM Meteorological data format 1 Y CALMET unformatted file 

AVET Averaging time (minutes) 60.0 Y 

PGTIME Averaging time (minutes) for PG 

- σy

60.0 Y 

INPUT GROUP 2: Technical options 

MGAUSS Control variable determining the 

vertical distribution used in the 

near field 

1 Y Gaussian 

MCTADJ Terrain adjustment method 3 Y Partial plume path adjustment 

MCTSG CALPUFF sub-grid scale 

complex terrain module (CTSG) 

flag 

0 Y CTSG not modeled 

MSLUG Near-field puffs are modeled as 

elongated “slugs”? 

0 Y No 

MTRANS Transitional plume rise 

modeled? 

1 Y Transitional plume rise computed 

MTIP Stack tip downwash modeled? 1 Y Yes 

MBDW Method used to simulate 

building downwash? 

1 Y ISC. However, building downwash 

not used. 

MSHEAR Vertical wind shear above stack 

top modeled in plume rise? 

0 Y No 

MSPLIT Puff splitting allowed? 0 Y WRAP BART Modeling Protocol 

Recommended Value 

MCHEM Chemical mechanism flag 1 Y Transformation rates computed 

internally (MESOPUFF II scheme) 

MAQCHEM Aqueous phase transformation 

flag 

0 Y Aqueous phase not modeled 

MWET Wet removal modeled? 1 Y Yes 

MDRY Dry deposition modeled? 1 Y Yes 

MDISP Method used to compute 

dispersion coefficients 

3 Y PG dispersion coefficients in RURAL 

& MP coefficients in urban areas 

MTURBVW Sigma-v/sigma-theta, sigma-w 

measurements used? 

- - Not used since MDISP = 3. 
CALPUFF Control File Inputs

 C-2 4/13/2007 

Variable Description PNM 

Value 

Default Comments 

MDISP2 Backup method used to compute 

dispersion when measured 

turbulence data are missing 

- - Not used since MDISP = 3. 

MROUGH PG sigma-y,z adj. for 

roughness? 

0 Y No 

MPARTL Partial plume penetration of 

elevated inversion? 

1 Y Yes 

MTINV Strength of temperature 

inversion 

0 Y No 

MPDF PDF used for dispersion under 

convective conditions? 

0 Y No 

MSGTIBL Sub-Grid TIBL module used for 

shoreline? 

0 Y No 

MBCON Boundary conditions 

(concentration) modeled? 

0 Y No 

MFOG Configure for FOG model 

output 

0 Y No 

MREG TEST options specified to see if 

they conform to regulatory 

values? 

1 Y Checks made 

INPUT GROUP 3: Species list 

CSPEC Species modeled SO2 

SO4 

NOX HNO3 

NO3 PM8.00 

PM4.25 

PM1.88 

PM1.25 

PM0.813 

PM0.625 

n/a Modeled: All 

Emitted: SO2, NOx, SO4, PM8P00, 

PM4P25, PM1P88, PM1P25, 

PM0P813, PM0P625 

Dry deposited: SO2(gas), 

SO4(particle), NOx(gas), HNO3(gas), 

NO3(particle), PM8P00(particle), 

PM4P25(particle), PM1P88(particle), 

PM1P25(particle), 

PM0P813(particle), 

PM0P625 (particle) 

(all but NOx are wet deposited also) 

These particulate sizes are based on 

the NPS spreadsheet speciations 

INPUT GROUP 4: Map projection and grid control parameters 

PMAP Map projection LCC N Lambert conformal conic 

FEAST False Easting 0.0 Y 

FNORT False Northing 0.0 Y 

RLATO Latitude 40.0 N n/a 

RLONG Longitude 97.0 W n/a 

XLAT1 

XLAT2 

Matching parallel(s) of latitude 

for projection 

33N 

45 N 

n/a 

n/a 

DATUM Datum region for the coordinates NWS-84 N 

NX 

NY 

Meteorological grid: 

No. X grid cells in 

meteorological grid 

216 

216 

n/a 
CALPUFF Control File Inputs

 C-3 4/13/2007 

Variable Description PNM 

Value 

Default Comments 

NZ No. Y grid cells in 

meteorological grid 

No. vertical layers in 

meteorological grid 

10 

DGRIDKM Grid spacing (km) 4 n/a 

ZFACE Cell face heights (m) 0,20, 

100,200,35

0,500,750,1

000, 2000, 

3000,4000,

5000 

n/a 

XORIGKM 

YORIGKM 

Reference coordinates of SW 

corner of grid cell (1,1) (km) 

-1368 

-900 

n/a 

IBCOMP 

JBCOMP 

IECOMP 

JECOMP 

Computational grid:

X index of LL corner 

Y index of LL corner 

X index of UR corner 

Y index of UR corner 

1 

75 

192 

216 

n/a 

LSAMP 

IBSAMP 

JBSAMP 

IESAMP 

JESAMP 

MESHDN 

Logical flag indicating if gridded 

receptors are used 

X index of LL corner 

Y index of LL corner 

X index of UR corner 

Y index of UR corner 

Nesting factor of the sampling 

grid 

F 

1 

- 

Y 

Receptors are only in the Class I 

areas assessed 

INPUT GROUP 5: Output options 

SPECIES Species (or group) list for output 

options 

1 n/a Concentrations saved for 

SO2, SO4, NOx, HNO3, NO3, 

PM8.00 PM4.25, PM1.88, PM1.25, 

PM0.813, PM0.625 

INPUT GROUP 6: Subgrid scale complex terrain (CTSG) inputs 

NHILL Number of terrain features 0 Y 

NCTREC Number of special complex 

terrain receptors 

0 Y 

MHILL Terrain and CTSG receptor data 

for CTSG hills input in CTDM 

format? 

0 n/a None input. 

XHILL2M Factor to convert horizontal 

dimensions to meters 

1 Y 

ZHILL2M Factor to convert vertical 

dimensions to meters 

1 Y 

XCTDMKM X-origin of CTDM system 

relative to CALPUFF coordinate 

system, in Km 

0 n/a 

YCTDMKM Y-origin of CTDM system 

relative to CALPUFF coordinate 

system, in Km 

0 n/a 
CALPUFF Control File Inputs

 C-4 4/13/2007 

Variable Description PNM 

Value 

Default Comments 

INPUT GROUP 7: Chemical parameters for dry deposition of gases 

SPECIES 

DIFFUSVTY 

ALPHA STR 

REACTVTY 

MESO RES 

HENRYS C 

Chemical parameters for dry 

deposition of gases 

- Y 

Y 

Y 

Y 

Y 

Y 

SO2; NOx; HNO3 

0.1509 0.1656 0.1628 

1000 1 1 

8 8 18 

0 5 0 

0.04 3.5 8.0*E-8 

INPUT GROUP 8: Size parameters for dry deposition of particles 

SPECIES 

GEO. MASS 

MEAN DIA. 

GEO.STAND 

DEV. 

Single species: mean and 

standard deviation used to 

compute deposition velocity for 

NINT size-ranges; averaged to 

obtain mean deposition velocity. 

Grouped species: size 

distribution specified, standard 

deviation as “0”. Model uses 

deposition velocity for stated 

mean diameter. 

- n/a Species Diameter Std Dev. 

SO4 0.48 2 

NO3 0.48 2 

PM8.00 8.00 0 

PM4.25 4.25 0 

PM1.88 1.88 0 

PM1.25 1.25 0 

PM0.813 0.813 0 

PM0.625 0.625 0 

When modeling known diameters, 

used a standard deviation of zero. 

INPUT GROUP 9: Miscellaneous dry deposition parameters 

RCUTR Reference cuticle resistance 30 Y 

RGR Reference ground resistance 10 Y 

REACTR Reference pollutant reactivity 8 Y 

NINT Number of particle-size intervals 

to evaluate effective particle 

deposition velocity 

9 Y 

IVEG Vegetation state in unirrigated 

areas 

1 Y 

INPUT GROUP 10: Wet deposition parameters 

POLL 

LIQ PRECIP 

FRZ PRECIP 

Scavenging coefficients - Y 

Y 

Y 

Poll Liq Frz 

SO2 3E-5 0 

SO4 1E-4 3E-5 

NOx 0 0 

HNO3 6E-5 0 

NO3 1E-4 3E-5 

PM8.00 1E-4 3E-5 

PM4.25 1E-4 3E-5 

PM1.88 1E-4 3E-5 

PM1.25 1E-4 3E-5 

PM0.813 1E-4 3E-5 

PM0.625 1E-4 3E-5 

INPUT GROUP 11: Chemistry parameters 

MOZ Ozone data input option 1 N Read hourly ozone conc. From the 

OZONE.DAT data file 

BCKO3 Monthly ozone concentrations 12*80 N WRAP BART Modeling Protocol 

Recommended Value 
CALPUFF Control File Inputs

 C-5 4/13/2007 

Variable Description PNM 

Value 

Default Comments 

BCKNH3 Monthly ammonia 

concentrations 

12*1 N WRAP BART Modeling Protocol 

Recommended Value 

RNITE1 Nighttime SO2 loss rate 0.2 Y 

RNITE2 Nighttime NOx loss rate 2.0 Y 

RNITE3 Nighttime HNO3 formation rate 2.0 Y 

MH2O2 H2O2 data input option - - MQACHEM = 0; not used 

BCKH2O2 Monthly H2O2 concentrations - - MQACHEM = 0; not used 

BCKPMF 

OFRAC 

VCNX 

Secondary Organic Aerosol 

options 

- - MCHEM = 1; thus, not used 

INPUT GROUP 12: Misc. Dispersion and computational parameters 

SYTDEP Horizontal size of puff beyond 

which time-dependent dispersion 

equations (Heffter) are used. 

550 Y 

MHFTSZ Switch for using Heffter 

equation for sigma z as above 

0 Y 

JSUP Stability class used to determine 

plume growth rates for puffs 

above boundary layer 

5 Y 

CONK1 Vertical dispersion constant for 

stable conditions 

0.01 Y 

CONK2 Vertical dispersion constant for 

neutral/unstable conditions 

0.1 Y 

TBD Factor determining transitionpoint from Schulman-Scire to 

Huber-Snyder building 

downwash scheme 

0.5 Y No building downwash used 

IURB1 

IURB2 

Range of land use categories for 

which urban dispersion is 

assumed 

10 

19 

Y 

Y 

METFM=1; not used 

ILANDUIN Land use category for modeling 

domain 

- - METFM=1; not used 

ZOIN Roughness length (m) for 

modeling domain 

- - METFM=1; not used 

XLAIIN Leaf area index for modeling 

domain 

- - METFM=1; not used 

ELEVIN Elevation above sea level - - METFM=1; not used 

XLATIN Latitude (degrees) for met 

location 

- - METFM=1; not used 

XLONIN Longitude (degrees) for met 

location 

- - METFM=1; not used 

ANEMHT Anemometer height (m) - - METFM=1; not used 

ISIGMAV Form of lateral turbulence data 

in PROFILE.DAT 

1 Y Read sigma-v 

IMIXCTDM Choice of mixing heights - - METFM=1; not used 

XMXLEN Maximum length of a slug 1 Y 

XSAMLEN Maximum travel distance of a 

puff/slug during one sampling 

step 

1 Y 
CALPUFF Control File Inputs

 C-6 4/13/2007 

Variable Description PNM 

Value 

Default Comments 

MXNEW Maximum number of slugs/puffs 

released from one source during 

one time step 

99 Y 

MXSAM Maximum number of sampling 

steps for one puff/slug during 

one time step 

99 Y 

NCOUNT Number of iterations used when 

computing the transport wind for 

a sampling step that includes 

gradual rise 

2 Y 

SYMIN Minimum sigma y for a new 

puff/slug 

1 Y 

SZMIN Minimum sigma z for a new 

puff/slug 

1 Y 

SVMIN 

SWMIN 

Default minimum turbulence 

velocities sigma-v and sigma-w 

for each stability class 

- Y A B C D E F 

.5 .5 .5 .5 .5 .5 

.2 .12 .08 .06 .03 .016 

CDIV Divergence criterion for dw/dz 

across puff used to initiate 

adjustment for horizontal 

convergence 

0, 0 Y 

WSCALM Minimum wind speed allowed 

for non-calm conditions. Used as 

minimum speed returned when 

using power-law extrapolation 

toward surface 

0.5 Y 

XMAXZI Maximum mixing height (m) 4500 N Top interface in CALMET simulation 

XMINZI Minimum mixing height (m) 50 Y 

WSCAT 

Default wind speed classes - Y 1 2 3 4 5 

1.54 3.09 5.14 8.23 10.80 

PLXO 

Default wind speed profile 

power-law exponents for 

stabilities 1-6 

- Y 

ISC 

RURAL 

A B C D E F 

.07 .07 .10 .15 .35 .55 

PTGO Default potential temperature 

gradient for stable classes E, F 

(deg K/m) 

- Y 0.020; 0.035 

PPC Default plume path coefficients 

for each stability class 

- Y A B C D E F 

.5 .5 .5 .5 .35 .35 

SL2PF Slug-to-puff transitions criterion 

factor equal to sigma-y/length of 

slug 

10 Y Puff Splitting not enabled 

NSPLIT Number of puffs that result 

every time a puff is split 

3 Y Puff Splitting not enabled 

IRESPLIT Time of day when split puffs are 

eligible to be split once again; 

this is typically set once per day, 

around sunset before nocturnal 

shear develops 

- N Hour 17 = 1 

Puff Splitting not enabled 

ZISPLIT Split is allowed only if last 

hour’s mixing height (m) 

100 Y Puff Splitting not enabled 
CALPUFF Control File Inputs

 C-7 4/13/2007 

Variable Description PNM 

Value 

Default Comments 

exceeds a minimum value 

ROLDMAX Split is allowed only if ratio of 

last hour’s mixing ht to the 

maximum mixing ht experienced 

by the puff is less than a 

maximum value 

0.25 Y Puff Splitting not enabled 

NSPLITH Number of puffs that result 

every time a puff is split 

5 Y Puff Splitting not enabled 

SYSPLITH Minimum sigma-y of puff before 

it may be split 

1 Y Puff Splitting not enabled 

SHSPLITH Minimum puff elongation rate 

due to wind shear, before it may 

be split 

2 Y Puff Splitting not enabled 

CNSPLITH Minimum concentration of each 

species in puff before it may be 

split 

1E-7 Y Puff Splitting not enabled 

EPSSLUG Fractional convergence criterion 

for numerical SLUG sampling 

integration 

1E-4 Y 

EPSAREA Fractional convergence criterion 

for numerical AREA source 

integration 

1E-6 Y 

DSRISE Trajectory step-length (m) used 

for numerical rise integration 

1 Y 

HTMINBC Minimum height (m) to which 

BC puffs are mixed as they are 

emitted. Actual height is reset to 

the current mixing height at the 

release point if greater than this 

minimum 

500 Y 

RSAMPBC Search radius (in BC segment 

lengths) about a receptor for 

sampling nearest BC puff. BC 

puffs are emitted with a spacing 

of one segment length, so the 

search radius should be greater 

than 1 

10 Y 

MDEPBC Near-surface depletion 

adjustment to concentration 

profile used when sampling BC 

puffs? 

1 Y Adjust concentration for depletion 

INPUT GROUP 13: Point source parameters 

NPT1 Number of point sources with 

parameters 

- n/a See Table 2-2 

IPTU Units used for point source 

emissions 

1 N Grams/second 

NSPT1 Number of source-species 

combinations with variable 

emissions scaling factors 

0 Y 

NPT2 Number of point sources with 0 n/a 
CALPUFF Control File Inputs

 C-8 4/13/2007 

Variable Description PNM 

Value 

Default Comments 

variable emission parameters 

provided in external file 

INPUT GROUP 14: Area source parameters – Not used 

INPUT GROUP 15: Line source parameters – Not used 

INPUT GROUP 16: Volume source parameters – Not used 

INPUT GROUP 17: Non-gridded (discrete) receptor information 

NREC Number of non-gridded 

receptors 

4,358 n/a Arches 115 

Bandelier 147 

Black Canyon 

of the 

Gunnison 

94 

Canyonlands 506 

Capitol Reef 363 

Grand Canyon 351 

Great Sand 

Dunes 195 

La Garita 187 

Maroon Bells 

Snowmass 262 

Mesa Verde 312 

Pecos 321 

Petrified 

Forest 144 

San Pedro 

Parks 247 

West Elk 261 

Weminuche 744 

Wheeler Peak 109 
 D 4/13/2007 

Appendix D 

National Park Service Receptors 
National Park Service Receptors 

 D-1 4/13/2007 
National Park Service Receptors 

 D-2 4/13/2007 
National Park Service Receptors 

 D-3 4/13/2007 
National Park Service Receptors 

 D-4 4/13/2007 
National Park Service Receptors 

 D-5 4/13/2007 
National Park Service Receptors 

 D-6 4/13/2007 
National Park Service Receptors 

 D-7 4/13/2007 
National Park Service Receptors 

 D-8 4/13/2007 
National Park Service Receptors 

 D-9 4/13/2007 
National Park Service Receptors 

 D-10 4/13/2007 
National Park Service Receptors 

 D-11 4/13/2007 
National Park Service Receptors 

 D-12 4/13/2007 
National Park Service Receptors 

 D-13 4/13/2007 
National Park Service Receptors 

 D-14 4/13/2007 
National Park Service Receptors 

 D-15 4/13/2007 
National Park Service Receptors 

 D-16 4/13/2007 
 E 4/13/2007 

Appendix E 

POSTUTIL Control File Inputs 
POSTUTIL Control File Inputs 

 E-1 4/13/2007 

Variable Description Value Default Comments 

INPUT GROUP 1: General run control parameters 

ISYR Starting Year 2001 n/a 2002 and 2003 also 

modeled 

ISMO Starting month 1 n/a 

IDY Starting day 1 n/a 

ISHR Starting hour 1 n/a 

NPER Number of periods to process 8736 n/a 2002=8736 hrs 

2003=8736hrs 

NSPECINP Number of species to process from 

CALPUFF runs 

11 n/a See list below 

NSPECOUT Number of species to write to output 

file 

9 n/a See list below 

NSPECCMP Number of species to compute from 

those modeled 

4 n/a 

MDUPLCT Stop run if duplicate species names 

found? 

0 Y 

NSCALED Number of CALPUFF data files that 

will be scaled 

0 Y 

MNITRATE Re-compute the HNO3/NO3 partition 

for concentrations? 

0 N Not Used 

BCKNH3 Default ammonia concentrations used 

for HNO3/NO3 partition 

- N 12*1 

INPUT GROUP 2: Species processing information 

ASPECI NSPECINP species will be processed - n/a SO2 

SO4 

NOX 

HNO3 

NO3 

PM8.00 

PM4.25 

PM1.88 

PM1.25 

PM0.813 

PM0.625 

ASPECO NSPECOUT species will be written - n/a SO2 

SO4 

NOX 

HNO3 

NO3 

PMC 

PMF (or SOIL) 

EC 

SOA 
 F 4/13/2007 

Appendix F 

CALPOST Control File Inputs 
CALPOST Control File Inputs 

 F-1 4/13/2007 

Variable Description Value Default Comments 

INPUT GROUP 1: General run control parameters 

METRUN Option to run all periods found in met 

files 

1 Y Run all periods in 

CALPUFF data file 

ISYR Starting Year 2001 n/a 2002 and 2003 also 

modeled 

ISMO Starting month 0 n/a METRUN= 1; not used 

IDY Starting day 0 n/a METRUN= 1; not used 

ISHR Starting hour 0 n/a METRUN= 1; not used 

NHRS Number of hours to process 0 n/a METRUN= 1; not used 

NREP Process every hour of data? 1 Y Every hour processed 

ASPEC Species to process VISIB n/a Visibility processing 

ILAYER Layer/deposition code 1 Y CALPUFF concentrations 

A, B Scaling factors X(new) = X(old) *A + 

B 

0, 0 Y 

LBACK Add hourly background 

concentrations/fluxes? 

F Y 

LG 

LD 

Gridded receptors processed? 

Discrete receptors processed? 

F 

T 

Y 

N 

Discrete receptors located 

only in the Class I areas 

assessed and are from 

NPS. 

LCT CTSG Complex terrain receptors 

processed? 

F Y 

LDRING Report results by DISCRETE receptor 

RING? 

F Y 

NDRECP Flag for all receptors after the last one 

assigned is set to “0” 

-1 Y As appropriate for Class I 

area being analyzed 

IBGRID 

JBGRID 

IEGRID 

JEGRID 

Range of gridded receptors -1 

-1 

-1 

-1 

Y When LG = T 

Entire grid processed if all 

=-1 

NGONOFF Number of gridded receptor rows 

provided to identify specific gridded 

receptors to process 

0 Y 

RHMAX Maximum relative humidity (%) used 

in particle growth curve 

- N Not used for Method 6. 

LVSO4 

LVNO3 

LVOC 

LVPMC 

LVPMF 

LVEC 

Modeled species to be included in 

computing light extinction 

T 

T 

T 

T 

T 

T 

Y 

Y 

N 

Y 

Y 

N 

LVBK Include BACKGROUND when 

ranking for TOP-N, TOP-50, and 

exceedence tables? 

T Y 

SPECPMC 

SPECPMF 

Species name used for particulates in 

MODEL.DAT file 

PMC 

SOIL 

Y 

Y 

SPECPMC = PMC 

SPECPMF = SOIL 

EEPMC 

EEPMF 

Modeled particulate species 0.6 

1.0 

Y 

Y 

EEPMCBK Background particulate species 0.6 Y 

EESO4 

EENO3 

Other species 3.0 

3.0 

Y 

Y 
CALPOST Control File Inputs 

 F-2 4/13/2007 

Variable Description Value Default Comments 

EEOC 

EESOIL 

EEEC 

4.0 

1.0 

10 

Y 

Y 

Y 

LAVER Background extinction computation F Y 

MVISBK Method used for background light 

extinction 

6 N WRAP BART Modeling 

Protocol Recommended 

Value. Compute extinction 

from speciated PM 

measurements. FLAG RH 

adjustment factor applied 

to observed and modeled 

sulfate and nitrate 

RHFAC Extinction coefficients for hygroscopic 

species (modeled and background). 

Monthly RH adjustment factors 

- n/a See Table 4-1 in this 

document 

BKSO4 

BKNO3 

BKPMC 

BKOC 

BKSOIL 

BKEC 

Monthly concentrations of ammonium 

sulfate, ammonium nitrate, coarse 

particulates, organic carbon, soil and 

elemental carbon to compute 

background extinction coefficients 

- n/a See Table 4-2 in this 

document 

BEXTRAY Extinction due to Rayleigh scattering 

(1/Mm) 

10 Y 

IPRTU Units for all output 1 Y grams/cubic meter 

L24HR Averaging time reported T n/a 

LTOPN Visibility: Top “N” table for each 

averaging time selected. 

T Y 

NTOP Number of ‘Top-N’ values at each 

receptor selected (NTOP must be <=4) 

4 Y