UNITED STATES ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY WASHINGTON , D

.C

. 20460 

## NOV. 30 2011

OFFICE OF CHEMICAL SAFETY AND POLLUTION PREVENTION 

### MEMORANDUM

SUBJECT: FROM:

THRU:

TO: 

### BEAD Chemical Profile for Registration Review: Tebufenozide (129026) Don Atwood, Entomologist 

# d/-JIJr,

# ~/ Biological Analysis Branch Cynthia Doucoure, Environmental Protection Specialist

# (J**~** Science Information and Analysis Branch
Andrew Lee, Economist 

# u lZoc**~** Economic Analysis Branch

. Biological and Economic Analysis Divisio 503P)
Arnet Jones, Chief " /':) d....

# " &--

Biological Analysis Branch

## ~ Diann Sims, Chief

# ~ Science Information and Analysis Branch Timothy Kiely, Chief

# ~' 1\

# ~ Economic Analysis Branch 

### v V\ 

### Biological and Economic Analy ' Division ( P) Kaitlin Keller, Chemical Review Manager Risk Management and Implementation Branch 3 Pesticide Re-evaluation Division (7508P)



### Product Review Panel date: November 23, 2011

INTRODUCTION 

### The purpose ofthis document is to convey usage information, a broad overview ofthe pest management roles oftebufenozide, and additional tebufenozide data to support endangered species and drinking water assessments for registration review. The additional dataused to support these assessments are considered a special request that goes beyond the normal scope of Page 1of7a BCP. The anticipated audience consists ofthe team ofEPA staffcurrently evaluating the registration status oftebufenozide, and eventually the general public. This document builds upon the data already provided inthe "Usage and Label Use DataPackages" that are also providedto RegistrationReviewteams byBEAD. The document is based oninfonnation and data available to BEAD as ofOctober 24,2011.
Tebufenozide was first registered as a pesticideproductwith the EPA in 1994 and is classified as a hydrazine insecticide. Besides its action as a stomachand contact insecticide, tebufenozide specificallytargets lepidopteran pests by disrupting the molting process by antagonizing ecdysone, the molting honnone. This specific mode ofaction facilitates the control of lepidopteran pests without adversely impacting natural populations ofbeneficial insectpredators and parasites.
The primary lepidopteran pests targeted for control using tebufenozide include: cane borer, armywonns, pecannut casebearer, loopers, codling moth, and hickory shuckwonn.
USE SITES Agricultural Uses Tebufenozide is labeled for use onroot and tuber vegetables, leafy vegetables, fruit vegetables, citrus fruit, pome fruit, berries and small fruit, nuttrees, animal feed, herbs and spices, oilseed crops, mint, and sugarcane (Table 1).
T bI 1 R .

a e eglstered U S· fi T b fi ·d b EPAG se Ites or e u enOZI e )y S· roup Ite. EPA Crop Group Site (Group) Crops ROOTAND TUBER VEGETABLE (1) Turnips LEAFY VEGETABLE-EXCEPT Celery, Corn salad, Dandelion, Endive, Fennel, Garden cress, Lettuce, BRASSICA (4) Mustard, Parsley, Rhubarb, Spinach, Swiss chard, Turnips (greens), Cardoon, Chinese spinach, Leafy amaranth, Rapeseed (greens), Upland cress, NewZealand spinach, Chervil, Arrugula, Celtuce, Chrysanthemum, Dock, Orach, Garden purslane, Winter purslane BRASSICA LEAFY VEGETABLE (5) Brussels sprouts, Cabbage, Cauliflower, Collards, Chinese**ca~bage,** Kale, Kohlrabi, Broccoli raab, Chinese Broccoli, Chinese mustard FRUITING VEGETABLES (8) Eggplant, Peppers, Pimentos, Tomatoes, Pepinos, Tomatillo, Ground cherry CITRUS FRUIT (10) Citron, Grapefruit, Kumquat, Lemons, Limes, Tangelos, Satsum mandarin, Mandarin, Tangerines, Calamondin, Tangor, Chironja, Oranges, Pummelo POME FRUIT (11) Apples, Crabapples, Pears, Oriental Pear, Quinces, Loquat BERRYAND SMALL FRUIT (13) Caneberries, Blueberries, Cranberries, Currants, Elderberry, Goosberries, Huckleberries NUT TREE (14) Almonds, Brazil nut, Cashews, Chestnuts, Filberts, Hickory nuts, Macadamia nuts, Pecans, Walnuts, Butternuts, Beach nut GRASS, FORAGE, FODDERAND Pastures, Rangeland HAY (17) NONGRASS ANIMAL FEED (18) Alfalfa HERBS AND SPICES (19) Celery OILSEED CROP (20) Canola, Cotton NO GROUP NAME (99) Mint, Sugarcane
Page 2 of7

### Non-Agricultural Uses**Tebuf~nozide** 

### is also labeled for use ontrees, shrubs, foliage plants and flowers grown in outdoor landscape areas such as parks, recreational areas, institutional grounds, residential property, nurseries, and in interiorplantscapes. COMMON FORMULATIONS AND APPLICATION METHODS 

### Tebufenozide is formulated as a wettable powder and emulsifiable, flowable and soluble concentrates, and can be applied using the application methods listed in Table 2.
T bi 2 T b fi ·d A 

## r

a e e u enOZI e .pPJIcatlOn M h d et 0 S Crop Application Method Type Application Equipment Application Timing Orchard Crops Spray Aircraft; Ground Foliar; Bloom thru Foliar; Hull Split; Pink thru Petal Fall Berry Plantings Spray Aircraft; Ground; Boom Bloomthru Foliar; Foliar Sprayer; Airblast Field Crops Spray Aircraft; Ground Foliar Ornamentals & Spray; Chemigation Aircraft; Airblast; Hand Foliar Forest Trees Held Sprayer; Mist Blower; Hyraulic Sprayer; Sprinkler Irrigation Fruiting Spray Aircraft; Ground Foliar Vegetables Other Crops Spray Aircraft; Ground Foliar Source: EPA Tebufenozide Label Use InformatIon System (LUIS) Report, Apnl2008



### USAGE 

### Agricultural Use Trends Tebufenozide use inthe U.S., as reported in proprietary market research surveys, decreased substantially between 1998 and 2010. Tebufenozide use increased up to 2000, held steady till 2003, after which use declined through 2010. During this period, reported use oftebufenozide averaged approximately 61,705 pounds ofactive ingredient annually and was applied on average to approximately 447,685 treated acres at an overall average rate ofO.137Ibs per acre. Figure 2 below shows usage trends, interms ofpounds a.i. applied, for tebufenozide's leading agricultural markets. From 1998-2010, the crops withthe mostpounds a.i. applied were sugarcane (28%), tomatoes (12%), pecans (11%), cotton (9%), and walnuts (8%). These crops ranked similarly with regard to total acres treated except lettuce (8%) ranked higher than walnuts (4%). To determine the current use patterns oftebufenozide, usage during the 2006-2010 time frame is examined below.

Page 3 of7

### Figure 1. Tebufenozide Pounds 

### A.1. Applied, 1998-2010 140,000 120,000 "tJ .!!:! 100,000

. Q. a. c( 80,000 ci. 60,000 VI "tJ C ::s 40,000 0 a. 20,000**PJ~** PJo, s::>'> s::>"), s::>'" s::>'" s::> 1>< s::><-'**s::>~ ~** **s::>~** s::>o,**~'> ~** **~ ~** **"'~ ~** **"'~ ~** **~ ~** **~ "'~** **~** 

### 'fl Years

Source: Proprietary Data, 1998-2010
Figure 2. Tebufenozide Use Trend: Pounds A.I. Applied, 1998-2010

, 140,000



### o +-----,- 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 Year

Source: Proprietary Data, 1998-2010 • Other
• Walnuts

• Tomatoes

• Sugarcane

• Pecans

• Cotton

"Other" crops, ranked from highestto lowestpounds a.i. applied, include lettuce, almonds, apples, wine grapes, peppers, raisin grapes, broccoli, cabbage, celery, pears, pistachios, caneberries, cauliflower, table grapes, hazelnuts, onions, oranges, rice, spinach, squash, and strawberries. 

### Agricultural Use, 2006-2010 Based onprivate marketpesticide usage data from 2006-2010, the annual total agricultural usage averaged approximately 23, 140pounds active ingredient for 184,291 treated acres for an overall average applicationrate ofO.126lbsper acre. The crops withthe mostpounds a.i. applied were sugarcane (59%), walnuts (12%), almonds (7%), pecans (7%), and tomatoes (6%) as shown in Page 4 of7

### Figure 3. During this period, overall use oftebufenozide continued to decline, especially on cotton, while use on almonds increased. Figure 3. Tebufenozide: Top Crops for Pounds A.I. Applied, 2006-2010

Tomatoes 6%

Source: Proprietary Data, 2006-2010 Other Almonds Pecans 7%



### On average, the states withthe most agricultural usage intenns ofpounds a.i. applied were Louisiana (59%) on sugarcane, and California (29%) and Texas (5%) on walnuts and almonds among others, as shown inFigure 4. The states ranked similarly withregard to total acres treated.
Figure 4. Tebufenozide: Top States for Pounds A.1. Applied, 2006-2010 OTHER

Source: Proprietary Data, 2006-2010



### Page 5 of7

### Agricultural Use: Nurseries and Floriculture During 2006, less than 50 pounds oftebufenozide was reported to be applied in nurseries and floriculture at an average rate of0.072 lbs/acre according to the 2007 USDA NASS Agricultural Chemical Usage, Nursery & 

### Floriculture report. Additional Data Atthe first team meeting for risk assessmentpurposes, BEAD received a request for average application rates for the endangered species and drinking water assessments. Table 3 below contains typical rates ofsurveyedusage data, the results ofwhich vary by crop, state, and application method. In addition, the percentage ofthe total acres treatedby state and application method is presented in Table 4 below.
T bl 3 T . IU Rat fT b fi ·d fi SI tdC



### a e "yplca se es 0 

### e u enOZl e or e ec e rops, 20062010



### - Avg. AIRate Crop State Application Method (Ibs per acre) Almonds CALIFORNIA Aerial 0.25 Almonds CALIFORNIA Ground 0.25 Apples CALIFORNIA Ground 0.31 Apples MICHIGAN Ground 0.19 Cabbage FLORIDA Ground 0.13 Cabbage WISCONSIN Aerial 0.13 Caneberries OREGON Ground 0.25 Celery CALIFORNIA Aerial 0.13 Celery CALIFORNIA Ground 0.13 Cotton ARKANSAS Broadcast 0.25 Cotton CALIFORNIA Broadcast 0.18 Lettuce CALIFORNIA Ground 0.11 Pecans ALABAMA Ground 0.22 Pecans GEORGIA Ground 0.09 Pecans NEW MEXICO Aerial 0.18 Pecans NEW MEXICO Ground 0.15 Pecans TEXAS Aerial 0.12 Pecans TEXAS Ground 0.14 Peppers CALIFORNIA Ground 0.08 Peppers FLORIDA Ground 0.22 Peppers OHIO Ground 0.08 Peppers TEXAS Aerial 0.12 Spinach NEW JERSEY Ground 0.13 Squash OHIO Ground 0.13 Strawberries MICHIGAN Ground 0.25 Sugarcane LOUISIANA Banded 0.09 Sugarcane LOUISIANA Broadcast 0.10 Tomatoes CALIFORNIA Aerial 0.20 Tomatoes CALIFORNIA Ground 0.16 Walnuts CALIFORNIA Aerial 0.13 Walnuts CALIFORNIA Ground 0.27 Source: Propnetary Data, 2006-2010



### Page 6 of7Table 4. Top Crops: Proportion ofthe Total Acres Treated with Tebufenozide by Application Method, 

### 2006-2010 Crop State Percent ofTotal Acres Treated byApplication Method Ground Aerial Broadcast Banded Sugarcane Louisiana 99.6 0.4 Walnuts California 97 3 Almonds California 76 24 Pecans Alabama 100 Pecans Georgia 100 II Pecans New Mexico 73 27 Pecans Texas 97 3 Tomatoes California 61 39 Source: Propnetary Data, 2006-2010



### BIOLOGICAL ASPECTS RELEVANT TO TEBUFENOZIDE 

### There are documented cases ofinsect resistance to tebufenozide includingcodling moth diamond-back moth, greenheaded leafroller, and beet army worm (Arthropod Resistance Management Database, 2011). In addition, leaf rollers have demonstrated cross-resistance between azinphos methyl andtebufenozide in Washington apple production (Dunley et 

### aI., 2006).

HISTORY OF BEAD ASSESSMENTS FOR TEBUFENOZIDE 

### There have been no BEAD assessments related to the use oftebufenozide since 2003.

INFORMATION THAT MAY BE USEFUL FORBEAD'S FUTURE WORK ON TEBUFENOZIDE 

### Obtaining additional information onthe following items would improve future BEAD assessments ofthe importance oftebufenozide andmaybe required as part ofthe registration review ofthis pesticide.
Tebufenozide usage data for ornamentals (outdoor landscapes and interiorplantscapes)

REFERENCES 

### Arthropod Pesticide Resistance Database. 2011. Michigan State University. Available at: http://www.pesticideresistance.org/searchl22/304/ Dunley, J

### E., J

### F Brunner, M D Doerr, and E H Beers. 2006. Resistance and cross-resistance in populations ofthe leafrollers, 

### Choristoneura rosaceana and

### Pandemispyrusana, in Washington apples. Available at: http://www.insectscience.org/6.14/
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