### U. S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY Washington, D.C. 20460

OFFICE OF

CHEMICAL SAFETY AND

POLLUTION PREVENTION

Date: December 1 3 , 2011

Chemical: Trinexapac

- ethyl
PC Code: 112602

DP Barcod e : 377923 /sub 387340

MEMORANDUM

SUBJECT: EFED Environmental Risk Assessment of Proposed Label for

Palisade EC and Pali s ade 2 EC (Trinexapac

- ethyl), New Uses on

Cereals, Sugarcane and Grasses Grown for Seed

- 

# Revised

TO: Bethany Benbow

, Risk Manager

K athryn Montague, Risk Manager Reviewer Registration Division (7505P)

FROM : Meghan Radtke, Ph.D., Biologist

Christopher M. Koper, M.S., Chemist

Environmental Risk Branch I Environmental Fate and Effects Division (7507P)

THROUGH : Nancy Andrews, B ranch Chief

Sujatha Sankula, Lead Biologist

Environmental Risk Branch I Environmental Fate and Effects Division (7507P)

EFED concludes that the proposed new agricultural uses for trinexapac

- ethyl (cereals, sugarcane, and grasses grown for seed) , a plant growth regulator, pose few environmental risks to listed species

. Trinexapac

- ethyl was evaluated for use on cereals (wheat, oat, triticale, barley), sugarcane, and grasses grown for seed. Maximum application rates ranged from 0.11 to 0.5 lb ai/A and ca n be applied via aerial, ground, or chemigation

methods.

Trinexapac

- ethyl is practically non

- toxic on an acute exposure basis to estuarine/marine fish, freshwater invertebrates, birds, reptiles, terrestrial

- phase amphibians, mammals, and honeybees. In ad dition, trinexapac

- ethyl is slightly to practically non

- toxic for freshwater

### 2

fish and aquatic

- phase amphibians, and moderately to slightly toxic for estuarine/marine

invertebrates on an acute exposure basis . E stuarine/marine chronic fish and invertebrate

data are not available and data gap s were filled with chronic freshwater fish and invertebrate data; this approach was deemed conservative as comparisons between acute

freshwater and estuarine/marine data indicated that freshwater fish were five times more sensitive to trinexapac

- ethyl than their estuarine/marine counterparts. Based on acute

data

, estuarine/marine invertebrates were twenty

- two times more sensitive than their freshwater counterparts; however, when this sensitivity factor was applied to fres hwater

invertebrate chronic data, the resulting estimated estuarine/marine invertebrate NOAEC was still twenty

- one times higher than the highest chronic EEC. Thus, n o chronic risks for any taxa were identified.

Listed terrestrial plants (monocots and dic ots) were found to be directly at risk from the proposed new uses of trinexapac

- ethyl ; r isk qu otients ranged from 2.7 to 2.9

. Non

- listed terrestrial dicots were also found to be directly at risk; risk quotients for this group ranged

from 1. 2 to 1. 3

. No r isks were associated with aquatic vascular and non

- vascular plant species.

No other direct risks

, besides listed terrestrial plants and non

- listed terrestrial dicots

, were identified for other taxonomic groups; however, indirect risks may be possible for all species that depend on these plants for food or habitat.

Trinexapac

- ethyl is currently registered for use on turf.

### 3



## Ecological Risk Assessment for the Section 3 New Use Registration (First Food Use) of T rinexapac

- ethyl on Wheat, Triticale, Barley, Oats, Sugarcane , and Grasses Grown for Seed (Non

- Food Use)

Trinexapac

- ethyl
PC Code: 112602
CAS Number: 95266

- 40

- 3

DPs: 377923/387340 (Parent/Sub), 377924 , and 377925

Team Members Meghan Radtke, Ph.D., Biologist Christopher M. Koper, M.S., Che mist

Peer Reviewer s Sujatha Sankula, Ph.D., Lead Biologist Faruque Khan, Ph.D., Senior Scientist

Branch Chief Nancy Andrews, Ph.D.

Date of Approval
December 13 , 2011

### 4 TABLE OF CONTENTS

1. Executive Summary

................................ ................................ ................................ ................. 6

1.1 Nature of the Chemical Stressor

................................ ................................ ........................... 6

1.2 Potential Risk to Non

- Target Organisms

................................ ................................ ............. 9

1.3 Listed Species Assessment

................................ ................................ ................................ . 10

1.4 Data Gaps and Uncertainties

................................ ................................ ............................... 11

2. Problem Formulation

................................ ................................ ................................ ............. 12

2.1 Nature of Regulatory Action

................................ ................................ ............................... 12

2.2 Stressor Source and Distribution

................................ ................................ ........................ 14

2.2.1 Nature of the Chemical Stressor

................................ ................................ ............... 14

2.2.2 Trinexapac

- ethyl Use Characterization

................................ ................................ .... 1 4

2.3 Receptors

................................ ................................ ................................ .............................. 15

2.3.1 Aquatic and Terrestrial Receptors and Effects

................................ ........................ 15

2.3.2 Ecosystems Potentially at Risk

................................ ................................ ................. 18

2.4 Assessment Endpoints

................................ ................................ ................................ ......... 18 2.5 Conceptual Model

................................ ................................ ................................ ............... 18

2.5.1 Risk Hypothesis

................................ ................................ ................................ ......... 19

2.5.2 Conceptual Diagram

................................ ................................ ................................ .. 19

2.6 Ana lysis Plan

................................ ................................ ................................ ....................... 21

2.6.1 Measures of Effect and Exposure

................................ ................................ ............. 21

3. Exposure Assessment

................................ ................................ ................................ ............. 24

3.1 Transport, Mobility, and Field Dissipation

................................ ................................ ........ 2 6

3.2 Trinexapac

- ethyl Degradation

................................ ................................ ............................ 2 6

3.3 Bioaccumulation

................................ ................................ ................................ .................. 27

3.4 Proposed Trinexapac

- ethyl Application Information

................................ ........................ 27

3. 5 Aquatic Ex posure Modeling for Trinexapac

- ethyl

................................ ............................ 29

3. 5 .1 PRZM

- EXAMS Model

................................ ................................ ............................. 2 9

3.5.2 Total Toxic Residue (TTR) Approach

................................ ................................ ..... 2 9

3. 5

. 3 Input Parameters

................................ ................................ ................................ ........ 31

3. 5

. 4 Model Outputs: Aquatic Exposure Estimates

................................ ......................... 34

3. 6 Terrestrial Exposure Estimates for T rinexapac

- ethyl

................................ ........................ 36

3. 6 .1 Exposure Estim ates for Birds and Mammals

................................ ........................... 37

3. 6 .2 Exposure Estimates for Plants

................................ ................................ .................. 39

4. Ecological Effects Assessment

................................ ................................ .............................. 41

4.1 Aquatic Effects Summary

................................ ................................ ................................ ... 41

4.1.1 Toxicity Effects on Fish

................................ ................................ ............................ 41

4.1.2 Toxicity Effects on Invertebrates

................................ ................................ ............. 43

4.1.3 Toxicity Effects on Plants

................................ ................................ ......................... 45

4.2 Terrestrial Effects Summary

................................ ................................ ............................... 46

4.2.1 Toxicity Eff

ects on Birds

................................ ................................ .......................... 46

4.2.2 Toxicity Effects on Mammals

................................ ................................ .................. 47

4.2.3 Toxicity Effects on Non

- Target Insects

................................ ................................ ... 48

4.2.4 Toxicity Effects on Plants

................................ ................................ ......................... 48

4.4 Incident Database Review

................................ ................................ ................................ ... 50

5. Risk Characterization

................................ ................................ ................................ ............ 51

### 5

5.1 Risk Estimation

................................ ................................ ................................ .................... 51

5.1.1 Summary of Aquatic Risk Quotients

................................ ................................ ....... 51

5.1.1.1 Risk Quotients for Fish

................................ ................................ .................... 51 5.1.1.2 Risk Quotients for Aquatic Invertebrates

................................ ........................ 55 5.1.1.3 Risk Quotients for Aquatic Plants

................................ ................................ ... 56

5.1.2 Summary of Terrestrial Risk Quotients

................................ ................................ ... 58

5.1.2.1 Avi an and Mammalian Risk Quotients

................................ ........................... 58 5.1.2.2 Plant Risk Quotients

................................ ................................ ......................... 60

5.1.2.3 Non

- target Insect Risk Quotients

................................ ................................ .... 62

5.2 Risk Description

................................ ................................ ................................ .................. 62

5.2.1 Risk to Aquatic Organisms

................................ ................................ ....................... 62

5.2. 2 Risk to Terrestrial Animals

................................ ................................ ....................... 63

5.2.3 Risks to Terrestrial Plants

................................ ................................ ......................... 64

5.2.4 Risks to Aquatic Plants

................................ ................................ ............................. 64

5.3 Listed Species Assessment

................................ ................................ ................................ . 64

5.3.1 Direct and Indirect Eff ects

................................ ................................ ........................ 65 Appendix A. PRZM/EXAMS Outputs for Trinexapac

- ethyl

................................ ......................... 67 Appendix B. Total Toxic Residue (TTR) Calculations

................................ ................................ .. 68 Appendix C. Avian and Mammalian Risk Quotient Calculations for Trinexapac

- ethyl

.............. 79 Appendix D. Terrestria l Plant Risk Quotient Calculations for Trinexapac

- ethyl

......................... 86 Appendix E

. Risk Quotient Method and Levels of Concern

................................ .......................... 92 Appendix F

. Listed Species Directly or Indirectly Affected by Proposed Uses

........................... 94

### 6



## 1. Executive Summary

T rinexapac

- ethyl (or trinexapac) is a growth regulator c urrently registered for use o n turf

. Syngenta Crop Protection

, Inc., the manufacturer and the registrant of trinexap a c

- ethyl

, has submitted an application to the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency for two formulations of trinexapac

- ethyl to prevent lodging in cereal grain crops ( wheat, triticale, barley, and oats ) and to promote internode shortening and ripening in sugarcane

– Palisade® EC and P alisade® 2EC. T hese uses constitute the first food us e s for trinexapac

- ethyl. In addition, Syngenta has also requested that trinexapac

- ethyl ( Palisade® EC and Palisade® 2EC ) be registered for us e on grasses grown for seed (lodging prevention)

.

Proposed Palisade EC uses are labeled as a foliar spray using g round, aerial, or chemigation application methods. C enter pivot, solid set, hand move, or moving wheel irrigation systems are listed as being appropriate for the application of this product. Palisade 2EC is labeled for application as a foliar spray using ground or aerial equipment. The maximum application rate in this registration action is for a single application of 0. 5

lb ai/A for Palisade EC and Palisade 2EC to grasses grown for seed ; this rate is much lower than the highest single application rate o f 1.36 lb ai/A that is on registered product

labels for turf ( see Table 2.1 )

.

Five new studies have been evaluated since the Problem Formulation (D351403) was conducted. Three fate and transport studies (anaerobic biotransformation in water

sediment sy stems

– MRID 48043712; dissipation on turf and bare ground in New York

– MRID 48043711; dissipation on turf and bare ground in California

– MRID 48043710)

were classified as supplemental. An aquatic plant growth study evaluated the effects of trinexapac

- e thyl on green algae (MRID 48043713) and was found to be acceptable. An acute avian oral toxicity for trinexapac

- ethyl on the zebra finch (passerine species) (MRID 48043714) was evaluated and classified as invalid. These studies address a number of data g aps cited in the problem formulation and have been incorporated into the

risk assessment

, as appropriate.

1.1 Nature of the Chemical Stressor

Trinexapac

- ethyl is a growth regulator/ herbicide in the cyclohexane carboxylic acid class

of chemicals. It is currently registered for the management of turf growth in warm and cool season grasses. Trinexapac

- ethyl reduce s the growth of numerous types of turf grasses including bahiagrass, b ermuda grass, bluegrass, red and tall fescue, and annual and perennial ryegrass for up to 8 weeks. It is taken up through the foliage and inhibits the biosynthesis of gibberellin

– a plant growth hormone. The free acid of trinexapac

ethyl inhibits the hydroxylation of gibberellin 20 

### to gibberellin 1 

### by competitively inhibiti ng the regulatory enzyme 3

- hydroxylase, leading to a reduction in the size of leaves and

stems.

The proposed new uses for trinexapac

- ethyl include : wheat (winter, spring, and durum), triticale, barley (winter and spring), oats, sugarcane , and grasses gro wn for seed

.

### 7

Trinexapac

- ethyl is proposed for yield protection and lodging prevention in wheat, barley, oats, triticale , and grasses grown for seed . In sugarcane, the application of trinexapac

- ethyl is to promote ripening and to shorten the internode for seed piece production. It also increases and/or maintains the sugar content for an extended harvest

window.

B ased on the registrant

- submitted studies, the following conclusions were drawn regarding the environmental fate and ecological effects of trinex apac

- ethyl:

Trinexapac

- ethyl’s major routes of dissipation include alkaline

- based hydrolysis, aerobic biotransformation in terrestrial environments, and aerobic and anaerobic biotransformation in aquatic environments. Based on the results of a laboratory soil volatility study (MRID 41563938) , trinexapac

- ethyl appears not to volatilize. This is supported by its low vapor pressure (1.62 x 10 - 5 

### mm Hg at 25 o 

### C) (MRID 41604203) and Henry’s Law constants ( 5.27 x 10 - 10 

### atm

- m 3 

### /mol) (calculated from

water solubili ty, vapor pressure, and molecular weight) . The range of bioconcentration factors (BCFs) for edible tissue, non

- edible tissue, and whole fish (from 2.5 to 11) indicate a low potential for bioconcentration in fish. Also,

the log Kow of the ester is 2.44 at pH 5.3 ; the l og Kow of the acid is 1.8 at pH

2.0.

The major environmental degradates of trinexapac

- ethyl include its free acid

CGA

- 179500 (maximum formed

- 91%) , CGA

- 313458 (maximum formed

- 22%) , an open chain cyclohexane ring (maximum formed

- 12%) , CO 2 

### (maximum

formed

- 85%)

, and an unidentified hydroproduct M3 (maximum formed

– 35%)

. The majority of the major degradates were formed under both microbial mediated processes indicated by significant mineralization and abiotic processes

.

The Residues of Concern Knowledgebase Subcommittee (ROCKS) of EPA’s Health Effects Division (HED) reviewed the structures of the major degradates to determine residues of concern. Based on the ROCKS memorandum (D390121), the parent ester

, including its free acid CGA

- 1 79500, CGA

- 313458, an open chain cyclohexane ring

, and an unidentified hydroproduct

– M3

, should be included in a Total Toxic Residue (TTR) approach.

Reported acute toxicity values (LC 50 

### ) for r ainbow trout, carp, and catfish were 68, 57, and 35 mg ai/ L, respectively (MRIDs 41563905, 41869506, 41869507)

, indicating that trinexapac

- ethyl is only slightly toxic to freshwater fish. Data for estuarine/marine fish suggest that trinexapac

- ethyl is practically non

- toxic to sheepshead minnow (LC 50 

### = 180 mg ai/ L) (MRID 41869510) . A non

- definitive acute toxicity value for freshwater invertebrates (water flea EC 50 

### > 142.5 mg ai/L) indicates that trinexapac

- ethyl is practically non

- toxic to water flea (MRID 41563906) . Conversely, trinexapac

- ethyl ranged from mode rately toxic to slightly toxic for estuarine/marine invertebrates (mysid shrimp LC 50 

### = 6.5 mg ai/L; eastern oyster LC 50 

### > 89 mg ai/L) (MRIDs 41869508, 41869509)

.

### 8 A NO A EC for the fathead minnow was established at 0.41 mg ai/L (MRID

42081401 ) and a non

- def initive NO A EC of ≥ 2.4 mg ai/L was reported for the

water flea ( MRID 43128602)

. Both endpoints were based on decreases in growth

. No data are available for evaluating the chronic exposure effects of trinexapac

ethyl on estuarine/marine fish and invertebrates

.

Acut e toxicity value s (EC 50 

### ) for aquatic non

- vascular plants were 42 mg ai/L ( Navicula pelliculosa ) (MRID 41869534) and 0.35 mg ai/L ( Anabaena flos

aquae ) (MRID 41869535) . A tier 2 study on green algae ( Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata ) resulted in a n EC 50 

### of 14 mg ai/L, based on cell density and yield (yield is the total number of new cells produced during the test) (MRID 48043713)

. The estuarine/marine non

- vascular plant ( Skeletonema costatum ) study resulted in an EC 50 

### of 16 mg ai/L

, based on cell density (M RID 41869533)

.

An acute toxicity study for Lemna gibba (aquatic vascular plant) yielded an EC 50 

### of 0.19 mg ai/L and a NO A EC of 0.018 mg ai/L, based on growth (MRID 42595303)

.

Seedling emergence toxicity values for terrestrial monocots were EC 25 

### = 0.301 lb ai/A (oat) and NO A EC = 0.094 lb ai/A (oat and ryegrass

- based on plant height). Toxicity values were lower for dicots

– lettuce EC 25 

### = 0.22 lb ai/A and NO A EC = 0.094 lb ai/A (based on plant dry weight) (MRID 41869529) . A vegetative vigor study produ ced an EC 25 

### of 0.294 lb ai/A and a NO A EC of 0.0425 lb ai/A (oat

– based on plant height) for monocots

, and an EC 25 

### of 0.267 lb ai/ A and a NO A EC of 0.085 lb ai/A (carrot

– based on dry weight) for dicots (MRID 41869531)

.

T rinexapac

- ethyl is classified as p ractically non

- toxic to birds based on an acute oral and dietary basis (mallard duck LD 50 

### > 2000 mg ai/kg

- bw; bobwhite quail

and mallard duck LC 50 

### > 5200 mg ai/kg

- diet) (MRIDs 41563901, 41563902, 41563903)

. C hronic exposure studies indicated that the bobw hite quail (NO A EC

= 2 00 mg/kg

- diet) is more sensitive to trinexapac

- ethyl than the mallard duck (NO A EC = 6 00 mg ai /kg

- diet) (MRIDs 41869505, 41869504)

. Chronic toxicity

values were based on the number of bobwhite quail eggs set (25% reduction) . No

effect s were observed in the chronic mallard duck study.

Based on the oral LD 50 

### of 4212 mg ai /kg

- bw for the female laboratory rat,

t rinexapac

- ethyl is classified as practically non

- toxic to mammals (MRID 41563908)

. T he two generation rat study yielded a NOAEL of 594 mg ai /kg

- bw

for males

, based on parental and offspring toxicity (MRID 43128604)

.

T rinexapac

- ethyl is practically non

- toxic to adult honeybees (acute contact LD 50 

### = 47 μ g ai /bee ) (MRID 41563928)

.

Conclusions regarding the environmental exposure co ncentrations for t rinexapac

ethyl are presented below:

### 9 Surface water exposure estimates for this ecological risk assessment were derived using the PRZM/EXAMS model s and surrogate wheat, sugarcane, and turf

scenarios using the total toxic residue (TTR) app roach

. The terrestrial risk

assessment was based on EFED’s T

- REX (birds and mammals) and TerrPlant (terrestrial plants) model s

.

F or the PRZM/EXAMS scenarios, aerial applications of t rinexapac

- ethyl yielded higher aquatic exposure concentrations compared to ground or chemigation applications

, regardless of the crop ; aerial applications were 39 to 55 percent higher in wheat and 5 to 18 percent higher in sugarcane

. EECs for the sugarcane

use (maximum peak = 6.63 μg ai/L, 21

- day = 5.18 μg ai/L, 60

- day = 2.5 8 μg ai/L) were higher than the wheat scenarios (maximum peak = 0.41 μg ai/L, 21

- day = 0.31 μg ai/L, 60

- day = 0.22 μg ai/L) and the grasses grown for seed scenarios (maximum peak = 1.45 μg ai/L, 21

- day = 1.22 μg ai/L, 60

- day = 0.91 μg ai/L)

.

Based on the T

- REX model, d ietary

- based exposure concentrations for ter re strial

wi ldlife ranged from 1.65 to 120 mg/kg

- diet

. Avian and mammalian oral dose concentrations range d from 0.11 to 137 mg ai /kg

- bw and 0.06 to 114 mg ai /kg

bw , respectively.

Based on the TerrP lant model, t errestrial plant EECs ranged from 0.0011 t o 0.061 lb ai/A for cereals, 0.0031 to 0.17 lb ai/A for sugarcane , and 0.005 to 0.275 lb ai/A for grasses grown for seed

.

1.2 Potential Risk to Non

- Target Organisms

Ecological risks associated wit h the new uses of t rinexapac

- ethyl a re summarized below:

Proposed t rinexapac

- ethyl uses do not exceed levels of concern (1 in 10 year values) for acute risks to freshwater (MRID 41563905) and estuarine/marine fish (MRID 41869510) . Chronic levels of conc ern are not exceeded for freshwater

fish (MRID 42081401) ; using freshwater fish chronic data as a surrogate because

estuarine/marine fish chronic data were not available , risks to estuarine/marine

fish also are not likely

.

Levels of concern (1 in 10 year values) were not exceeded for acute exposure to estuarine/marine invertebrates (mysid shrimp

– MRID 41869508 ). Non

- definitive freshwater invertebrate (water flea

– MRID s 41563906 , 43128602 ) acute and chronic data were compared with EECs and found to be m uch higher, thus indicating low risk for this group. Chronic data for estuarine/marine invertebrates were not available, but risk to this group is assumed to be low, using freshwater invertebrate data as a surrogate

.

Levels of concern (1 in 10 year value s) were not exceeded for birds for chronic

effects (MRIDs 41869505, 41869504)

. Only non

- definitive data were available for acute toxic effects, but the values were much greater than the EECs (MRIDs

### 10 41563901, 41563902, 41563903) . T hus

, it is unlikely that the proposed uses of trinexapac

- ethyl present risk to birds.

Proposed trinexapac

- ethyl uses do not exceed levels of concern (1 in 10 year values) for mammals on an acute or chronic basis ( MRIDs 41563908, 43128604)

.

L evels of concern (1 in 10 year values ) were not exceeded for vascular or non

vascular aquatic plants (freshwater and marine) ( MRIDs 42595303, 41869535)

.

Levels of concern (1 in 10 year values) were exceeded for listed semi

- aquatic terrestrial plants

– both dicot s (maximum RQ of 2.93 ) and m onocots (maximum RQ of 2.93 ) . Levels of concern also were exceeded for non
- listed semi

- aquatic dicots (maximum RQ of 1.25) ( MRIDs 41869529, 41869531)

. Direct risks to

these group s may pose indirect risk s to all other taxa.

Currently, EFED does not quant ify risks to terrestrial invertebr a tes ; h owever, t he acute contact toxicity test of t rinexapac

- ethyl o n honey bees suggest s risk to this

group is very low (MRID 41563928)

.

1.3 Listed Species Assessment

A search of the Agency’s LOCATES database (Version 2

. 2 ) was conducted to identify the listed species present in the states where proposed new uses for trinexapac

- ethyl will

occur. Listed species are those that are currently on the f ederal list of endangered and threatened wildlife and plants. T he screening

- level analysis for t rinexapac

- ethyl shows the possibility for direct effects to listed and non

- listed terrestrial plants. As a result, all listed taxa are potentially at risk because of their possible dependence on plants f or food

and habitat

. A complete list of all listed species that may occupy proposed use areas of

t rinexapac

- ethyl is included in Appendix F

. Although there is potential for effects to all listed species in the pr eviously mentioned taxa

, this assessment does not evaluate each individual species (Table 1.1)

.

### 11

Table 1.1. Listed Species Risks Associated with the Proposed New Uses for Trinexapac

Ethyl

Listed Taxa Direct Effects 1 

### Indirect Effects 2



### Terrestrial and semi

- aquatic plants

– monocots and dicots Yes Yes

B irds No Yes

Terrestrial

- phase amphibians No Yes

Reptiles No Yes

Mammals No Yes
Aquatic plants No Yes

Freshwater fish No Yes
Aquatic

- phase amphibians No Yes

Freshwater invertebrates No Yes

Mollusks No Yes

Marine/estuarine fish No Yes

Marine/estu arine invertebrates No Yes

Terrestrial invertebrates No Yes

1 

### The Agency’s Level of Concern was exceeded for t errestrial plants

. 2 

### Indirect effects to a listed species occur when its food source is reduced or habitat is

modified.

1.4 Data Gaps and Uncert ainties

The following guideline data gaps were identified in this assessment:

Estuarine/Marine Fish Early

- Life Stage Toxicity Test (850.1400):

This test measures the lethal and sub

- lethal effects to fish from the egg stage through

free

- feeding. Currently data are only available for freshwater fish. Providing a study for estuarine/marine species would fill the chronic toxicity data gap for these species ; however, it is not expected that having this study would have changed the outcome of this

risk assessm ent. In lieu of these data, th is risk assessment relied on freshwater fish data
as a surrogate.

Mysid Chronic Toxicity Test (850.1350): The acute mysid toxicity test indicated that mysid shrimp were the most sensitive of the estuarine/marine species te sted and that trinexapac

- ethyl was moderately toxic. No data are currently available for chronic effects to estuarine/marine species ; however, it is not expected that having this study would have changed the outcome of this risk assessment.

In lieu of th ese data, the risk assessment relied on freshwater invertebrate data as a
surrogate

.

### 12

Avian Acute Oral Toxicity Test (850.2100): The guidelines require data for one passerine species in addition to the mallard duck data that has already been provided. A passerine study (MRID 48043714) was submitted by the registrant, but it was classified as invalid because of improper dosing methodology (oral gavage using a solid dose instead of a liqu id dose ). Therefore, the risk assessment

was conducted using malla rd duck data; this is a point of uncertainty given that for some chemicals, passerines are more sensitive than the mallard duck.

Additionally, the following uncertainties were identified for this risk assessment:

Data are not available to document the toxic effects of chronic exposure of trinexapac

- ethyl to estuarine/marine fish or invertebrates . In lieu of these data,

the risk assessment relied on freshwater fish and invertebrate data as surrogate s

. This risk assessment only considered the most sens itive of the species evaluated in the registrant

- submitted studies. The position of the tested species relative to the distribution of all species’ sensitivities to trinexapac

- ethyl is unknown. Extrapolating the risk conclusions from the most sensitive te sted species to non

tested species may either underestimate or overestimate the potential risks to those species

.

No toxicity data were available for the four major degradates of trinexapac

- ethyl. In the absence of data, the risk assessment assumes that the degradates are of equal toxicity to their parent. Using the assumption of equal toxicity among degradates and the parent has the potential to overestimate or underestimate risk.



## 2. Problem Formulation

The purpose of this problem formulation is to pr ovide the foundation for the ecological risk assessment being conducted for the proposed first food uses of trinexapac

- ethyl

. As such, it articulates the purpose and objectives of the risk assessment, evaluates the nature of the problem, and provides a pl an for analyzing da ta and characterizing the risk

.

2.1 Nature of Regulatory Action

Under the authority of the Federal Insecticide, Fungicide and Rodenticide Act (FIFRA), Syngenta Crop Protection, Inc. 

### is seeking registration for the new u ses of t rinexa pac

- ethyl

as a foliar herbicide on whe at, barley, oats, triticale, sugarcane , and grasses grown for

seed

.

In April 1993, t rinexapac

- ethyl was first conditionally approved as cimectacarb (formulated product = Primo ) for the management of warm and cool sea son turfgrass. Currently, labeled uses of trinexapac

- ethyl include turf on a national basis. In addition, it

wa s permitted based on a special local need exemption for perennial ryegrass grown for seed (Idaho, Oregon, Washington, and Minnesota) and fine a nd tall fescues grown for

seed (Oregon and Washington).

### 13

The registered formulations are water soluble bag, emulsifiable concentrate, microemulsion concentrate, and granul es . The turf use includes application to residential and commercial lawns, parks, golf courses, sod farms, sports fields, and cemeteries for the management of warm

- and cool

- season turf grasses to reduce the frequency of mowing and the amount of grass clippings generated. It is also used for edging turfgrass along sidewalks, curbs, par king lots, driveways, flowerbeds, fences, and around posts, storage sheds, and trees. The trinexapac

- ethyl formulations usually reduce growth for 4 weeks. For extended growth suppression when temporary discoloration can be tolerated,

a maximum of twice t he recommended application rate may be applied (Table 2.1).

Table 2.1. Use Information for Trinexapac

- Ethyl

Use Reg. No. Formulation 1



### (% ai) Max Single

Application

Rate (lb ai/A ) Number of

A pplications

and Interval Max Annual

Application

Rate (lb ai/A)

Turf 2 

### 100

- 752 Primo (WSB) (25%) 0.34

0.68 *



### 1.36 ** 

### 8 applications

4 week interval

4 applications

8 week interval

2 applications

8 week interval 2.72

100

- 937 Primo Maxx

(MEC) (11.3%)

100

- 729 Primo liquid (EC)

(12%)

73220

- 12 Q uali

- Pro T

- Nex

1 AQ (MEC) (11.3%)

79676

- 37 T

- Pac E

- Pro (EC)

(12%)

79676

- 24 T

- Pac E

- Pro

(MEC) (12%)

81943

- 12 Goldwing (MEC)

(11.3%)

83070

- 04 Groom PGR

(MEC) (11.3%)

72112

- 11 PROXoZ (MEC)

(11.3%)

100

- 930 Lawn Primo (G)

(0. 01

- 1%) 0.88 4 week interval 2.5

100

- 931

Perennial

ryegrass grown for seed in ID, OR, WA 100

- 1241 Palisade 2 (EC) (25.5%) 0.195

- 0.455 1

- 2 applications 0.49

100

- 949 Palisade (EC)

(12%) 0.187

- 0.49 1

- 2 applications

Fine and 100

- 949

### 14

Use Reg. No. Formulation 1



### (% ai) Max Single

Application

Rate (lb ai/A ) Number of

A pplications

and Interval Max Annual

Application

Rate (lb ai/A)

tall fescues grown for

seed OR000007

WA030007

Ryegrass grown for

seed in MN 100

- 949

MN020010

1 

### Formulations are water soluble bag (WSB), emulsifiable concentrate (EC), microemulsion concentrate (MEC), granular (G)

2 

### Residential and commercial lawns, parks, golf c ourses, sod farms, sports fields, and cemeteries

* 

### Single application rate is doubled for extended growth suppression up to 8 weeks for residential and commercial lawn and golf courses, maximum single application rate for edging and banding

** 

### Doubled applic ation rate for extended growth suppression for edging/banding along the perimeter of curbs, driveways, fences, lawns, parking lots, pet pens, posts, sidewalks, storage buildings or other areas.

2.2 Stressor Source and Distribution

2.2.1 Nature of the Chem ical Stressor

Trinexapac

- ethyl is a plant growth regulator that is used to slow the growth of turfgrasses by 40 to 60 percent over a 4 to 8 week period. It is a cyclohexadione plant growth regulator that inhibits gibberellic acid biosynthesis and is abso rbed by plant foliage

. Gibbe rel l ic acid is necessary for cellular elongation during a plant’s growth period. The free acid of trinexapac

- ethyl inhibits the hydroxylation of gibberellin 20 

### to gibberellin 1 

### by competitively inhibiting the regulatory enzyme 3

- hydroxylase. The lack of gibberellic acid causes plants to have shortened internode lengths and shorter cell lengths, thereby reducing the overall length of leaves and stolons. The slower plant growth induced by the application trinexapac

- ethyl is tempo rary and at normal application rates, plants usually resume normal growth approximately 8 weeks after application.

2.2. 2 T rinexapac

- ethyl Use Characterization

The proposed new uses for t rinexapac

- ethyl include wheat (winter, spring, and durum), triticale, barley (winter and spring), oats, sugarcane , and grasses grown for seed

. Trinexapac

- ethyl will be used to shorten the internodes on cereals /grasses

, which results

in a reduction of lodging in wheat, barley, oats, triticale , and grasses grown for seed . I n sugarcane, the application of trinexapac

- ethyl is reported to promote ripening and to shorten the internode for seed piece production . It also increases and/or maintains the sugar content for an extended harvest window.

Th e current action refers to Tri nexapac

- ethyl Technical and two formulated products :

### 15

Palisade EC and Palisade 2E C

. The registrant has submitted supplemental labels for the above crops; Table 3. 2 shows the formulation to be used for each use. Palisade EC is applied as a ground or aeria l spray, and through chemigation (center pivot, solid set, hand move, or moving wheel irrigation systems) . Palisade 2EC is applied only as a ground or aerial foliar spray. For best performance, crop foliage must receive thorough coverage of trinexapac

- et hyl as it is a systemic chemical and is absorbed through leaves and stems

. For cereals (wheat, barley, oats, triticale), Palisade EC and Palisade 2EC must be applied a minimum of 45 days before harvest. Applications should not be made if the crop is

stre ssed by drought, disease, or temperature. Palisade EC and Palisade 2EC applications on sugarcane may occur up until 28 days prior to harvest. The label also warns that some varieties of sugarcane may be sensitive to trinexapac

- ethyl and exhi b it symptoms such as temporary stunting after application. For grasses grown for seed, Palisade EC and Palisade 2EC may be applied up to 35 days before harvest. Grazing or feed foraging can occur 49 days after the last application and other crops may be planted 30 da ys after the last application.

2.3 Receptors

2.3.1 Aquatic and Terrestrial Receptors and Effects

The receptor is a biological entity that is exposed to the stressor. Consistent with the process described in the Overview Document 1 

### , this risk assessment use s a surrogate species approach in its evaluation of trinexapac

- ethyl

. T oxicological data generated from surrogate test species, which are intended to be representative of broad taxonomic groups, are used to extrapolate the potential effects on a variety of species (receptors) included under these taxonomic groupings.

A cute and chronic toxicity data from studies submitted by the pesticide registrant along with the available open literature studies are used to evaluate potential dire ct effects of pesticides to the aquatic and terrestrial receptors. These data include toxicity studies on the technical grade active ingredient. The open literature studies are identified through EPA’s ECOTOX database (http://cfpub.epa.gov/ecotox/), whic h employs a literature search engine for locating chemical toxicity data for aquatic and terrestrial flora and

fauna. The evaluation of both sources of data provides insight into the direct and indirect effects of pesticides on biotic communities from los s of species that are sensitive to the chemical and changes in structural and functional characteristics of the affected

communities.

A searc h of the ECOTOX database on July 19, 2011 yield ed several open literature

stud ies for t rinexapac

- ethyl

. T wo stud ies ( E121125 and E111282 ) evaluated the effects of trinexapac

- ethyl on creeping bentgrass ( Agrostis stolonifera ) ; E121125 also looked at

Poa annua

. None of these studies were reviewed because the toxicity endpoints were not

1 U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. 2004. Overview of the ecologica l risk assessment process in the Office of

Pestici de Programs, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. Listed and Threatened Species Eff ects Determinations.

Office of Prevention, Pesticides and Toxic Substances, Office of Pesticide Programs, Washington, D.C. January 23,
2004.

### 16

the most sensitive endpoint for this assessment. In addition, there were several fungi studies (E95309, E100108, and E100284), but fungi were not considered in this risk

assessment

. Therefore, only studies submitted by the registrant were evaluated to

determine the effects of t rinexapa c

- ethyl on non

- target organisms

.

Table 2. 2 provides examples of taxonomic groups and the surrogate species tested to characterize the potential ecological effects of t rinexapac

- ethyl to these non

- target taxonomic groups. Based on a preliminary review of the ecological effects data,

t rinexapac

- ethyl

, on an acute exposure basis, is practically non

- toxic to fish (both freshwater and estuarine/marine), practically non

- toxic to moderately to xic to aquatic invertebrates (both freshwater and estuarine/marine ), practically non

- toxic to birds, practically non

- toxic to mammals, and practically non

- toxic to terrestrial invertebrates.

Table 2. 2 . Surrogate Species Tested to Determine the Potential Ecological Effects of Trinexapac

- ethyl
Taxonomic Group Surrogate S pecies Acute Toxicity

Classification

Birds 1 

### Mallard duck ( Anas platyrhynchos )

– MRID 41563901 Practically non

- toxic

Mammals Laboratory rat ( Rattus norvegicus )

– MRID 41563908 Practically n on

- toxic

Freshwater fish 2 

### Bluegill sunfish ( Lepomis

macrochirus )

– MRID 41563904 Rainbow trout ( Oncorhynchus mykiss )

– MRID 41563905 Carp ( Cyprinus carpio )

– MRID

41869506 Catfish ( Ictalurus punctatus )

– MRID 41 869507 Practically non

- toxic

Slightly toxic

Slightly toxic

Slightly toxic

Freshwater

invertebrates Water flea ( Daphnia magna )

– MRID 41563906 Practically non

- toxic

Estuarine/marine fi sh Sheepshead minnow ( Cyprinodon variegatus )

– MRID 41869510 Practically non

- toxic

Estuarine/marine

invertebrates Mysid shrimp ( Mysidopsis bahia )

– MRID 41869508 Eastern oyster ( Crassostrea virginica )

– MRID 41869509 Moderately toxic

Slightly toxic

Terrestrial plants Oat ( Avena sativa )

– MRIDs 41869529, 41869531 Ryegrass ( Lolium multiflorum )

– MRID 41869529 Lettuce ( Lactuca sativa )

– MRID

41869529 Carrot ( Daucus carota )

– MRID

41869531 NA

Aquatic plants and Green algae ( Pseudokirchneriella NA

### 17

Taxonomic Group Surrogate S pecies Acute Toxicity

Classification algae subcapitata )

– MRID 48043713

Estuarine/marine diatom ( Skeletonema costatum )

– MRID

41869533 Freshwater diatom ( Navicula pelliculosa )

– MRID 41869534

Blu e

- green algae (

Anabaena flos

aquae )

– MRID 41 869535 ) Duckweed ( Lemna gibba )

– MRID

42595303

Non

- target insects Honey bee ( Apis mellifera )

– MRID
41563928 Practically non

- toxic

1 

### Birds represent surrogates for terrestrial

- phase amphibians and reptiles.

2 

### Freshwater fish serve a s surrogates for aquatic

- phase amphibians.

Under chronic exposure conditions, t rinexapac

- ethyl affected growth and reproduction in freshwater fish (NOAEC > 0.41 mg ai/L, LOAEC <0.80 mg ai/L , based on larval growth ) (MRID 42081401) . A 21

- day chronic wate r flea study yielded reproductive and growth effects as well; the NOAEC (2.4 mg ai/L) and LOAEC (5.1 mg ai/L) were based on

reductions in adult water flea length (MRID 43128602)

.

Avian reproductive studies indicated that trinexapac

- ethyl is toxic to bob white quail (NOAEC = 200 mg ai/kg

- diet), based on the number of eggs set (25% reduction) ; no other endpoints were affected by the treatment (MRID 41869505) . In contrast, the mallard duck study yielded no adverse effects (MRID 41869504) . A two

- generation reproduction study with the laboratory rat showed effects in parental and offspring endpoints (MRID 43128604) . The NOAEC for parental toxicity was 10,000 mg ai/kg

diet

, based on reduced pre

- mating and maternal body weight gain and food consumption during gestation . The NOAEC for offspring toxicity was also 10,000 mg ai/kg

- diet

, based on decreased p up survival and decreased pup body weight/body weight gain during lactation. There were no adverse effects on reproductive performance in either generation (NO AEC = 20,000 mg ai/kg

- diet).

Duckweed studies (vascular plant) produced EC 50 

### s from 0.19 to 0.42 mg ai/L and

NOAEC s from < 0.072 to 0.18 mg ai/L (MRIDs 42595303, 41869532)

. Among the non

vascular plants, freshwater blue

- green algae ( Anabaena flos

- aquae ) w as the most sensitive to trinexapac

- ethyl with an EC 50 

### value of 0.35 mg ai/L and a NOAEC of 0.11 mg ai/L (based on reproduction) (MRID 41869535)

. EC 50 

### /NOAEC values for Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata (green algae) , freshwater diatom ( Navicula pelliculosa

, and marine diatom ( Skeletonema costatum ) were 14 /7.8 mg ai/L

, 42 /6.2 mg ai/L

, and

14 /3.7 mg ai/L (based on growth and reproduction) , respectively (MRIDs 48043713, 41869534, 41869533)

.

For terrestrial plants, a seedling emergence study indicated that o at and ryegrass were the

### 18

most sensitive monocot species to trinexapac

- ethyl , based on plant height ( EC 25 

### = 0.301 lb ai/A, NOAEC = 0.094 lb ai/A). Lettuce was the most sensitive dicot , based on dry weight ( EC 25 

### = 0.22 lb ai/A, NOAEC = 0.094 lb ai/A) (MRID 41869529)

. For the vegetative vigor study, oat was the most sensitive monocot species ( EC 25 

### = 0.294, NOAEC = 0.043 lb ai/A), based on plant height; carrot was the most sensitive dicot ( EC 25 

### = 0.267, NOAEC = 0.085 lb ai/A)

, based on dry weight (MRID 41869 531)

.

2.3.2 Ecosystems Potentially at Risk

The ecosystems at risk from exposure to a stressor are ofte n extensive in scope; it may not be possible to identify specific ecosystems at the screening level. I n general terms, terrestrial ecosystems potentiall y at risk could include the treated field and areas immediately adjacent to the treated field that may receive drift or runoff. Areas adjacent to the treated field could include other cultivated fields, fencerows and hedgerows, meadows, fallow fields or g rasslands, woodlands, riparian habitats, and other

uncultivated areas.

Aquatic ecosystems potentially at risk include water bodies a djacent to or down stream
from the treated field and might include impounded bodies such as ponds, lakes, and reservoirs, or flowing waterways such as streams or rivers. For uses in coastal areas, marine and estuarine ecosystems may be at risk

.

2.4 Assessment Endpoints

Assessment endpoints represent the actual environmental value that is to be protected, defined by an ecological entity (species, community, or other entity) and its attribute or

characteristics 2

, 3 

### . For trinexapac

- ethyl , the ecological entities include the following: birds, terrestrial

- phase amphibians, reptile s, mammals, insects, freshwater fish and invertebrates, aquatic

- phase amphibians, estuarine/marine fish and invertebrates, and aquatic plants and algae. The attributes for each of these entities include survival, growth, and reproduction.

2.5 Concep tual Model

For a pesticide to pose an ecological risk, it must reach ecological receptors in biologically significant concentrations. An exposure pathway is the means by which a pesticide moves in the environment from a source to an ecological receptor. For an ecological pathway to be complete, it must have a source, a release mechanism, an environmental transport medium, a point of exposure for ecological receptors, and a feasible route of exposure.

A conceptual model for trinexapac

- ethyl is intended to provide a written description and visual representation of the predicted relationships between the stressor, potential routes

2 U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. 1998. Guidelines for Ecological Risk Assessment. Risk Assessment Forum,

Office of Research and Development, Washington, D.C. EPA/630/R

- 95/002F. April 1998.

3 U.S. Environmental Protection Agenc y. 2005. Generic Format and Guidance for the Level I Screening Ecological

Risk Assessments Condu cted in the Environmental Fate and Effects Division. Office of Pesticide Programs,
Washin gton, D.C. January 24, 2005.

### 19

of exposure, and the predicted effects for the assessment endpoint. A conceptual model

consi sts of two major components: the risk hypothesis and the conceptual diagram 4

, 5



### .

2.5.1 Risk Hypothesis

Based on the environmental fate characteristics and mode of action, it is presumed that trinexapac

- ethyl , when used i n accordance with the label, has the potential to adversely

affect survival, growth, and/or reproduction of both terrestrial and aquatic organisms.

Terrestrial species (birds, mammals, amphibians, reptiles, and non

- target insects) may be exposed to t rine xapac

- ethyl through direct ingestion of the pesticide on the dietary items, incidental ingestion of contaminated soil, dermal contact with treated plant surfaces and soil during activities in the treated areas, direct impingement of sprayed material on the body at the time of application, preening activities, inhalation of pesticide vapor and contaminated particulates, and ingestion of drinking water contaminated by the pesticide.

T rinexapac

- ethyl may move to the adjacent aquatic environment through leach ing or along with the runoff water and could directly affect growth, survival, and/or reproduction of aquatic invertebrates, fish, amphibians, and vascular and non

- vascular plants in both freshwater and marine media. The potential for trinexapac

- ethyl to bioaccumulate in aquatic organisms is low, based on bioconcentration data for fish (see Section 3.3)

.

Given that trinexapac

- ethyl is a plant growth regulator , it is possible that t he seedling emergence and vegetative vigor of non

- target terrestrial plant s and growth and biomass accumulation of aquatic plants adjacent to the site of trinexapac

- ethyl application could

be affected.

2.5.2 Conceptual Diagram

The environmental fate properties of trinexapac

- ethyl indicate that runoff, spray drift, and direct sp ray represent potential transport mechanisms of trinexapac

- ethyl to aquatic and terrestrial organisms. These transport mechanisms (e.g., sources) are depicted in the conceptual model below, along with the receptors of concern and the potential attribute

c hanges in the receptors from exposures to trinexapac

- ethyl (Figure s 1 and 2 ). The

effects of the four major degradates are assumed in the diagrams.

4 U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. 1998. Guidelines for Ecological Risk Assessment. Risk Assessment Forum,

Office of Research and Development, Washington, D.C. EPA/630/R

- 95/002F. April 1998.

5 U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. 2005. Generic Format and Guidance for the Level I Screeni ng Ecological

Risk Assessments Condu cted in the Environmental Fate and Effects Division. Office of Pesticide Programs,
Washin gton, D.C. January 24, 2005.

### 20

Figure 1. Conceptual model for aquatic effects of trinexapac

- ethyl applic ations.

Figure 2. Conceptual model for terrestrial effects of trinexapac

- ethyl applications.

Ingestion of food items contaminated with t rinexapac

- ethyl is the primary pathway through which exposure may occur for terrestri al wildlife (birds, mammals, and invertebrates). Other possible exposure routes are dermal contact with residues on

### 21

treated plants, food items, and soil; inhalation of pesticide vapors; and ingestion of contaminated soil and drinking water. Potential pat hways of exposure to aquatic animals are via dermal contact, uptake through gills and other water filtration devices, and/or dermal uptake through integument due to the offsite movement of t rinexapac

- ethyl (through runoff, erosi on, and/or spray drift) to n ear by water bodies.

2.6 Analysis Plan

To address the risk hypothesis, the potential for adverse effects on the environment is estimated. The use, environmental fate, and ecological effects of trinexapac

- ethyl are characterized and integrated to assess t he risks. This is accomplished through the use of a risk quotient (ratio of exposure concentration to effects concentration). Although risk is often defined as the likelihood and magnitude of adverse ecological effects, the risk quotient

- based approach d oes not provide a quantitative estimate of likelihood and/or magnitude of an adverse effect. The risk quotients are compared to specified levels of concern (LOCs), which represent a point of departure for concern. If the risk quotient

exceeds t he level o f concern , then the potential for risk exists

.

2.6.1 Measures of Effect and Exposure

Table 2. 3 lists the measures of environmental exposure and ecological effects used to

assess the potential risks of trinexapac

- ethyl to non

- target organisms. The methods used

to assess risk s are consistent with those outlined in the Overview Document 6



### .

Table 2. 3 . Measures of Effect and Exposure for Trinexapac

- ethyl

6 U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. 2004. Overview of the Ecological Risk Assessment Process i n the Office of Pesticide Programs, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. Listed and Threatened Species Eff ects Determinations.

Office of Prevention, Pesticides and Toxic Substances, Office of Pesticide Programs, Washington, D.C. January 23,
2004.

### 22

Assessment Endpoint Sur rogate Species and Measures of Ecological

Effect Measures of Exposure

Birds 1 

### Survival Mallard duck LD 50 

### > 2000 mg ai/kg

- bw (MRID 41563901) Bobwhite quail LC 50 

### > 5200 mg ai/kg

- diet (MRID 41563902)

M allard duck LC 50 

### > 5200 mg ai/kg

- diet (MRID 41563903)

M aximum residues on

food items and soil Reproduction and growth Mallard duck NOAEC 600 mg

ai/kg

- diet (MRID 41869504)

B obwhite quail NOAEC = 200 mg ai/kg

- diet (MRID 41869505)

Mammals Survival Laboratory rat LD 50 

### = 4212 mg ai/kg

- bw (MRID 41563908)

Rep roduction and growth Laboratory rat two

- generation

NOAEL = 594 mg ai/kg

bw/day (MRID 43128604)

Freshwater fish 2 

### Survival Rainbow trout EC 50 

### = 68 mg ai/L (MRID 41563905)

B luegill sunfish EC 50 

### > 130 mg ai/L (MRID 41563904

C arp LC 50 

### = 57 mg ai/L (MRID 4186 9506)

C atfish LC 50 

### = 35 mg ai/L (MRID 41869507) Peak EEC

Reproduction and growth Fathead minnow

NOAEC = 0.41 mg ai/L

LOAEC < 0.80 mg ai/L (MRID 42081401) 21

- day average EEC 4



### Freshwater

invertebrates Survival Water flea EC 50 

### >142.5 mg ai/L (MRID 4156390 6) Peak EEC

### 23

Assessment Endpoint Sur rogate Species and Measures of Ecological

Effect Measures of Exposure

Reproduction and growth Water flea NOAEC ≥ 2.4 mg

ai/L

LOAEC ≤ 5.1 mg ai/L (MRID

43128602 21

- day average EEC

Estuarine/marine

fish 3 

### Survival Sheepshead minnow LC 50 

### = 180 mg ai/L (MRID 41869510) Peak EEC

Estuarine/marine

invertebrates 3 

### Sur vival Mysid shrimp LC 50 

### = 6.5 mg ai/L (MRID 41869508)

E astern oyster E C 50 

### >89 mg ai/L (MRID 41869509) Peak EEC

A quatic plants Survival Green algae EC 50 

### = 14 mg ai/L (MRID 48043713)

F reshwater diatom EC 50 

### = 42 mg ai/L (MRID 41869534)

B lue

- green algae EC 50 

### = 0.35 mg ai/L (MRID 41869535)

M arine diatom EC 50 

### 16 mg ai/L (MRID 41869533)

D uckweed EC 50 

### = 0.19 mg ai/L (MRID 42595303) Peak EEC

Terrestrial

Insects Survival Honeybee LD 50 

### = 47 μg ai/bee (MRID 41563928) N/A

Terrestrial plants Seedling

emergence O at EC 25 

### = 0.301 lb ai/A;

NOAEC = 0.094 lb ai/A (MRID 41869529)

R yegrass NOAEC = 0.094 lb ai/A (MRID 21869529)

L ettuce EC 25 

### = 0.22 lb ai/A; NOAEC = 0.094 lb ai/A) (MRID 41869529) Spray drift and

maximum foliar

residues

Vegetative vigor Oat EC 25 

### = 0.294 lb ai/A ; NOAEC = 0.0425 lb ai/A (MRID 41869531)

C arrot EC 25 

### = 0.267 lb ai/A;

NOAEC = 0.085 lb ai/A (MRID 41869531)

1 

### Birds represent surrogates for terrestrial phase amphibians and reptiles

. 2 

### Freshwater fish are surrogates for amphibians (aquatic phase)

.

### 24

Assessment Endpoint Sur rogate Species and Measures of Ecological

Effect Measures of Exposure

3 

### Chro nic data for estuarine/m arine fish and invertebrates were not provided; freshwater fish and invertebrate data were used as surrogates

. 4 

### The 21

- day average EEC was used instead of the 60

- day average because the duration of the fish

life

- cycle study was 30 d ays.



## 3. Exposure Assessment

Trinexapac

- ethyl’s environmental fate properties are provided in Table 3.1. These values may differ from the input parameter values in Table 3. 3 because of the total toxic residue (TTR) calculations.

### 25

Table 3.1. Physical, C hemical, and Environmental Fate Properties for Trinexapa c E thyl

Property Value Comment Source

Molecular Mass (g/mol) 252.3

-- MRID 41604201

Vapor Pressure at 25°C (torr) 1.62 x 10 - 5



### -- MRID 41604203

Henry’s Law Constant (atm

- m 3 

### /mol) 5.27 x 10 - 10



### -- Ca lculated from water solubility, vapor pressure and molecular weight

Solubility in Water (mg/L at 25o) 2800

10200

21100 at pH 4.9 at pH 5.5 at pH 8.2 MRID 41604203

Organic Carbon

Partition Coefficient (K OC 

### ) (L/kg OC 

### ) 60 to 635 (ethyl)

144 to 609 (acid) range of values MRID 4166393 6
MRID 41663937

Aerobic Soil

Metabolism Half

- life (days) 2.8 hours

9.6 hours 4.3 days individual values MRID 46809303

Anaerobic Soil

Metabolism Half

- life (days) 25 sandy loam soil MRID 41563933

Aerobic Aquatic

Metabolism Half

- life (days) 2.8

4.0 individual values MRID 46809304

Anaerobic Aquatic

Metabolism Half

- life (days) 3.5 average value in pond

water and lake water

sediment systems MRID 48043712

Hydrolysis Half

- lives (days) S table

8.1 pH 7 pH 9 (alkaline

- based) MR ID 41563930

MRID 46809301

Aqueous Photolysis

Half

- life (days) 18 environmental phototransformation

half

- life MRID 46809302

Soil Photolysis

Half

- life (days) stable extrapolated half

- life is well beyond the duration of the study MRID 42081406

Terrestria l Field Dissipation (days) < 3 (ethyl) 5.1 to 36.5 (acid) ethyl and acid values MRID 48043710

MRID 48043711

### 26

3.1 Transport, Mobility
, and Field Dissipation

Based on the results of a laboratory soil volatility study, trinexapac

- ethyl appears not to

vol atilize. This is supported by its low vapor pressure (1.62 x 10 - 5 

### mm Hg at 25 o 

### C) (MRID 41604203) and Henry’s Law ( 5.27 x 10 - 10 

### atm

- m 3 

### /mol) constants ( c alculated from water solubility, vapor pressure and molecular weight)

.

Based on the batch equilibrium d ata, adsorption of trinexapac

- ethyl (Koc = 60 to 635 ml/g
oc 

### ; MRID 41563936 and 41663937) is characterized as being mobile to moderately

mobile in the test soils 7 

### (FAO Classification). In addition, adsorption data for trinexapac acid (Koc = 144 to 609 mL/g
oc 

### ) is characterized as being moderately mobile in test soils. Terrestrial field dissipation data indicated that under typical use, the vast majority of the compound and its major metabolite

, trinexapac acid

, dissipate in the grass and thatch and sod laye r by study termination. Following the final application, dissipation half

- lives were less than 3 days for trinexapac

- ethyl and ranged from 5.1 to 36.5 days for trinexapac

- acid (MRID 48043710, 48043711). It is important to note that this 36.5 day ( dissipa tion ) half

- life for the acid is longer than the 5.2 day 90 th 

### percentile TTR (degradation) half

- life modeled as the aerobic soil input parameter in this assessment. This may be from differences between laboratory (degradation) studies and field (dissipatio n) studies.

3.2 Trinexapac

- e thyl Degradation

Trinexapac

- ethyl is stable to hydrolysis in acidic and neutral conditions and hydrol y ze s under basic conditions (t 1⁄2 

### = 8.1 days; MRID 41563930). After further review, t he neutral pHs of environmental compar tments in the soil and aquatic metabolism studies suggest

microbial

- mediated hydrolysis. Photodegradation does not appear to be a major degradation pathway in aqueous and soil environments. The aqueous photolysis study shows an environmental phototransfo rmation half

- life of about 18 days (MRID 46809302). The compound was considered stable in the soil photolysis study since the extrapolated half

- life was well beyond the duration of the study (MRID 42081406).

Biodegradation appears to be the major dissi pation pathway for trinexapac

- ethyl, specifically aerobic biotransformation in terrestrial environments and aerobic and anaerobic biotransformation in aquatic environments. Half

- lives ranged from 2.8 hours in a loam soil to 4.3 days in a loamy sand soil i n an aerobic soil metabolism study (MRID 46809303). Half

- lives ranged from 2.8 days in a river water

- sand sediment system to 4.0 days in a pond water

- sandy clay loam sediment system in an aerobic aquatic metabolism study (MRID 46809304). Half

- lives avera ged 3.5 days in pond water and lake water

sediment systems in an anaerobic aquatic metabolism study (MRID 48043712).

Biodegradation was slower under anaerobic soil conditions. The estimated half

- life is about 25 days in a sandy loam soil (MRID 41563933 ).

7 USEP A. 2006. Standardized Soil Mobility Classification Guidance. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Prevention, Pesticides and Toxic Substances, Office of Pesticide Programs, Environmental Fate and Effects Division, Memorandum. April 21, 2006.

### 27

3.3 Bioaccumulation

For trinexapac ethyl, t he range of bioconcentration factors (BCFs) for edible tissue, non

edible tissue, and whole fish (from 2.5 to 11) indicate a low potential for bioconcentration

in fish (MRID 41604207)

.

3. 4 Proposed Trinex apac
- ethyl Application Information

Table 3. 2 shows the maximum application rates for each new use based on the proposed

labels. Proposed Palisade EC uses are labelled as a foliar spray using ground

, aerial, or chemigation application methods. C enter piv ot, solid set, hand move, or moving wheel irrigation systems are listed as being appropriate for the applicati on of this product.

Palisade 2 EC is labelled for application as a foliar spray using ground or aerial equipment. The maximum application rate in this registration action is for a single application of 0. 5 lb ai / A for Palisade EC and Palisade 2EC to grasses grown for seed ; th is rate is much lower than the highest single application rate of 1.36 lb ai/A for turf. Additional information regarding th e proposed t rinexapac

- ethyl u ses can be found in

Section 2.2.2.

### 28

Table 3. 2 . Proposed Trinexapac

- ethyl Uses
Proposed Label Use Method Maximum Application Seasonal

Maximum

Palisade EC
Cereals (Winter Wheat, Spring Wheat, Durum Wheat, Winter Barley, Spri ng Barley, Oats, Triticale) Ground or aerial

broadcast

Chemigation Single application at

0.11 lb ai/A 0.11 lb ai/A

2 applications at 0.05

lb ai/A

Sugarcane ripening Ground or aerial

broadcast

Chemigation Single application at

0.31 lb ai/A 0.31 lb a i/A

Sugarcane internode shortening for seed piece production Ground or aerial

broadcast

Chemigation 2 applications at 0.06

– 0.2 lb ai/A 0.31 lb ai/A

Grasses grown for

seed Ground or aerial

broadcast

Chemigation Single application at

0.5 lb ai/A 0.5 lb ai/A

2 applications at 0.25 lb ai/A (7 to 10 day interval)

Palisade 2EC
Cereals (Winter Wheat, Spring Wheat, Durum Wheat, Winter Barley, Spring Barley, Oats,

Triticale ) Ground or aerial

broadcast Single application at

0.11 lb ai/A 0.11 lb ai/A

Tw o applications at

0.04 lb ai/A

Sugarcane ripening Ground or aerial

broadcast Single application at

0.31 lb ai/A 0.31 lb ai/A

Sugarcane internode shortening for seed piece production Ground or aerial

broadcast 2 applications at 0.07

– 0.2 lb ai/A 0.31 lb ai/A

Grasses grown for

seed Ground or aerial

broadcast Single application at

0.5 lb ai/A 0.5 lb ai/A

2 applications at 0.25 lb ai/A (7 to 10 day interval)

### 29

3. 5 Aquatic Exposure Modeling for T rinexapac

- ethyl

Estimated environmental concentrations (EE Cs) were generated using EFED’s standard suite of models. The proposed maxi mum use pattern for cereals, sugarcane , and grasses grown for seed were modeled.

3. 5 .1 PRZM

- EXAMS Model

Environmental c oncentrations (EECs) for aquatic ecosystems were estimated based on EFED’s Tier II aquatic models. The Pesticide Root Zone Model (PRZM v3.12.2, May 12, 2005) and Exposure Analysis Modeling System (EXAMS v2.98.04.06, April 25, 2005) are simulation models coupled with the input PE5.pl shell (PE5, PE Version 5.0,

N ovember 15, 2006). PRZM is used to simulate pesticide transport as a result of runoff

and erosion from a 10

- ha agricultural field and EXAMS considers the environmental fate and transport of pesticides and predicts EECs in an adjacent small water body (10, 000

- m 2


### pond, 2 m deep with no outlet), with the assumption that the field is cropped at 100
percent . The model is designed to estimate pesticide concentrations found in water at the edge of the treated field. As such, it provides high

- end values of the p esticide concentrations that might be found in ecologically sensitive environments following pesticide application. The linked PRZM

- EXAMS modeling system considers multi

- year simulations addressing runoff and spray drift from multiple applications. The l ocation of the field is specific to the crop being simulated using site

- specific information on the soils, weather, cropping, and management factors associated with the scenario. The crop/location scenario is intended to represent a high

- end exposure site on which the crop is normally grown. Based on historical rainfall patterns, the small water body receives multiple runoff events during the years simulated. Additional information on these

models can be found at: http://www.epa.gov/oppefed1/models/

.

3.5.2 Total Toxic Residue (TTR) Approach

The Residues of Concern Knowledgebase Subcommittee (ROCKS) of EPA’s Health Effects Division (HED ) reviewed the structures of trinexap a c

- ethyl’s major degradates to determine residues of concern. The major environmental degradates of trinexapac

- ethyl

include its free acid CGA

- 179500, CGA

- 313458, an open chain cyclohexane ring, CO 2 

### and an unidentified hydroproduct M3. Based on the ROCKS memorandum dated May 24, 2011 (D390121), the parent ester (including its free acid CGA

- 179500), CGA

313458, an open chain cyclohexane ring, and an unidentified hydroproduct

– M3

– should be included in a Total Toxic Residue (TTR) approach (Table 3

. 3 ) for the risk

assessme nt. It is important to note that the TTR approach is used to estimate aquatic

exposure

. EECs were not calculated for any of the major degradates for trinexapac

- ethyl because toxicity data were not available. It was assumed that the degradates have simil ar toxicity as their parent

– trinexapac

- ethyl.

### 30

Table 3

. 3

. Total Toxic Residue (TTR) Expression for Trinexapac

- Ethyl

Matrix Residues of Concern Structure

Drinking

Water Trinexapac

- Ethyl

(parent)

CGA

- 179500 (acid)

CGA

- 313458

Open ch ain cyclohexane ring

Hydroproduct M3 Unidentified

Based on ROCKS decision memorandum (D390121)

Note that the following fate and transport characterization is for trinexapac

- ethyl (parent) only (Table 3.4 ). The half lives differ from those in Table 3. 3 because of the total toxic residue approach recommended by the ROCKS memorandum (D390121). This is evident by the persistence of the combined residues (TTR).

### 31

Table 3.4

. Half

- Life Comparison for the Trinexapac

- ethyl (parent) v ersus Total Toxic

Res idue Approach

Study Parent

(Ethyl)

t 1/2 

### (days) Acid

t 1/2 

### (days) TTR Approach

t 1/2 

### (days)

Aqueous Photolysis 18 NA 22.8

Aerobic Soil Metabolism 2.8 hrs to 4.3 NA 3.0 to 5.2 Aerobic Aquatic Metabolism 2.8 to 4.0 NA 12.3 to 14.8 Anaerobic Aquatic

Metab olism 3.5 NA 56 to 290

Terrestrial Field Dissipation < 3 5 to 36.5 NA NA = Not Applicable

3. 5

. 3 Input Parameters

An ecological risk assessment was performed using PRZM/EXAMS modeling under the PE5 shell with approved standard scenarios. The North Dakota wheat scenario was modeled to represent the cereals. The Florida and Louisiana sugarcane scenarios were modeled to represent sugarcane. A Pennsylvania and Florida turf scenario were modeled to represent grasses grown for seed. Application rates and methods were obtained from the proposed labels. The following maximum application rates were used: for cereals

– 1 application at 0.11 lb ai/A , fo r sugarcane

– 1 application at 0.31 lb ai/A , and for grasses grown for seed

– 1 application at 0.5 lb ai /A

. All of these commodities have the option

for split applications; however, split application EECs did not exceed single maximum application rate EECs for any crop. Foliar (aerial and ground) spray applications and chemigation methods were modeled for these maximum use rates.

Application timing was based on the pre

- harvest interval (PHI). For cereals, the initial application date for each scenario was 45 days before harvest based on the pre

- harvest interval of 45 days and 1 application. For sugarca ne, the initial application date for each scenario was 28 days before harvest based on the pre

- harvest interval of 28 days and 1 application. Since the pre

- harvest interval can range from 28 to 60 days, multiple application dates were selected for the Lou isiana sugarcane (aerial) scenario to assess the

effects of application timing. T urf scenarios were chosen to represent grasses grown for seed and application dates were based on a pre

- harvest interval of 30 days and the emergence dates of the crop. In a ddition, chemical property input values were chosen in accordance with the current input parameter guidance 8



### .

Although modeling chemigation is not standard policy, an attempt was made by modeling spray drift at 0% with 100% application efficiency. Howe ver, irrigation was

8 USEPA. 2009. Guidance for Selecting Input Parameters in Modeling the Environmental Fate and Transport of Pesticides, Version 2.1. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Chemical Safety and Pollution Prevention, Office of Pesticide Programs, Environmental Fate and Effects Division, October 22, 2009.

### 32

not accounted for which would reduce runoff. This may result in an underestimate in exposure concentrations. This is an uncertainty in the modeling of chemigation.

Input parameters for the PRZM/EXAMS models are listed in Table 3. 5

. Explanations of various model input parameters are discussed below.

Table 3. 5

. PRZM/EXAMS Input Parameters for Trinexapac

- ethyl following the TTR Approach

Input Parameter Value Comment Source

Scenario(s): Cereals :

ND Wheat

Sugarcane : FL Sugarcane

LA Sugarcane

Grasses Grown for Seed

FL Turf

PA Turf representative scenarios

for each use NA

Maximum Single Application Rate lbs ai/acre (kg ai/ha) Cereals :

0.11 (0.124)

Sugarcane : 0.31 (0.348)

Grasses Grown for Seed

0.5 proposed rates Palisade ® 

### EC label

Palisade ® 

### 2EC label

Applications per

Year Cereals: 1

Sugarcane: 1

Grasses grown for seed: 1 label directions. Label specifies rates per

season. If there are multiple growing seasons per year, yearly rates may be higher. Palisade ® 

### EC label

Pa lisade ® 

### 2EC label

Application Interval (days) Cereals: NA

Sugarcane: NA

Grasses grown for seed: NA modeled single application rate as

worst

- case scenario Palisade ® 

### EC EPA Reg. No. 100

- 949

Palisade ® 

### 2EC EPA Reg. No. 100

- 1241

### 33

Input Parameter Value Comment Source

Date of Initial Applica tion (scenario: day

month) Cereals :

ND Wheat: 21

- 06

Sugarcane : FL Sugarcane: 03

- 12 LA Sugarcane: 03

- 12

Grasses Grown for Seed:

FL Turf: 02

- 15

PA Turf: 04

- 15 Date of initial application was

calculated from the Pre

Harvest Interval ( PHI) of 45 days for cereals, 28 days for sugarcane

, and 30 days for grasses grown for seed. Crop Scenarios and proposed labels

Application Method Cereals :

Foliar: aerial and ground Chemigation

Sugarcane : Foliar: aerial and ground Chemigation

Grasses Grown for Seed:

Foliar: a e rial and ground Chemigation label directions Palisade ® 

### EC EPA Reg. No. 100

- 949

Palisade ® 

### 2EC EPA Reg. No. 100

- 1241

CAM Input 2 (foliar and chemigation) linear foliar based on

crop canopy US EPA, 2005

IPSCND Input 2 (cereals, sugarcane
, grasses grown for

seed ) remaining pesticide on foliage is completely

removed after harvest US EPA, 2005

Spray Drift Fraction 0.05 (aerial)

0.01 (ground) 0 (chemigation) 1 

### See footnote 1 for chemigation reference Input parameter guidance (USEPA, 2009)

Application Efficiency 0.95 (aerial)

0.99 (ground) 1.0 (chemigation) -- Input parameter guidance (USEPA, 2009)

Molecular Mass (g/mol) 252.3

-- MRID 41604201

Vapor Pressure at 25°C (torr) 1.62 x 10 - 5



### -- MRID 41604203

Henry’s Law

Constant (atm

- m 3 

### /mo l) 5.27 x 10 - 10



### -- Calculated from water solubility, vapor pressure and molecular weight

### 34

Input Parameter Value Comment Source

Solubility in Water (mg/L) 10200 at pH 5.5 MRID 41604203

Organic Carbon

Partition Coefficient (K OC 

### ) (L/kg OC 

### ) 416 2 

### represents the average

K OC 

### from 4 values for

the acid (CGA

- 163935) MRID 41663937

Aerobic Soil

Metabolism Half

- life (days) 5.2 3 

### represents the 90 th


### percentile confidence

bound on the mean

half

- life of 3 values MRID 46809303

Appendix B .2

Aerobic Aquatic

Metabolism Half

- life (days) 17.4 4 

### represents th e 90 th


### percentile confidence

bound on the mean

half

- life of 2 values MRID 46809304

Appendix B.3

Anaerobic Aquatic

Metabolism Half

- life (days) 533 5 

### represents the 90 th


### percentile confidence

bound on the mean

half

- life of 2 values MRID 48043712

Appendix B. 4

Hydrolysis Half

- lives (days) 0 (stable) pH 7 MRID 41563930

MRID 46809301

Aqueous Photolysis

Half

- life (days) 22.8 6 

### recalculated

environmental phototransformation

half

- life MRID 46809302

Appendix B.1

NA = Not Applicable

1 

### = Chemigation (< 1% spray drift as described in http://www.agdrift.com/PDF_FILES/Chem.pdf

- modeled as 0%)

2 

### = The average K
oc 

### obtained from four values (144, 328, 581 and 609) for the acid (CGA

- 163935). This value

was modeled because of conversion of the ester to the acid in th e environment.

3 

### = Following the Total Toxic Residue (TTR) approach, this value represents the 90 th 

### percentile confidence

bound on the mean half

- life of 3 values (3.0, 3.6 and 5.2). See Appendix B.2

4 

### = Following the Total Toxic Residue (TTR) approac h, this value represents the 90 th 

### percentile confidence

bound on the mean half

- life of 2 values (12.3 and 14.8). See Appendix B.3

5 

### = Following the Total Toxic Residue (TTR) approach, this value represents the 90 th 

### percentile confidence

bound on the mean half

- life of 2 values (290 and 56). See Appendix B.4

6 

### = Following the Total Toxic Residue (TTR) approach, this value represents the recalculated environmental phototransformation half

- life. See Appendix B.1

3. 5.4 Model Outputs : Aquatic Exposure Esti mates

Maximum use patterns were modeled to yield the maximum surface water EECs. Since this assessment is the first food use registration for trinexapac

- ethyl, the recommended

### 35

maximum EEC concentrations are listed in bold in Table 3. 6 . A representative PRZM/EXAMS model outp ut with input parameter data is attached in Appendix A

.

Table 3. 6 . Estimated Environmental Concentrations (EECs) for Surface Water Based on Selected Crop Scenarios following the TTR Approach

Proposed

Label Use PRZM/EXAMS

Scenario 1


### (f irst app date) Method 2 

### Maximum Application Rate (interval between applications) Peak

EEC ( μg/L ) 21

- day

EEC ( μg/L) 60

- day

EEC ( μg/L )

Palisade ® 

### EC and Palisade ® 

### 2EC Plant Growth Regulator

Cereals

(Wheat, Barley, Oats, Triticale) ND Wheat

(June 21

– fo liar) A 1 app @ 0.11 lb ai/A 0.41 0.31 0.22

ND Wheat (June 21

– foliar) G 1 app @ 0.11 lb ai/A 0.25 0.18 0.12

ND Wheat (June 21

– chemigation) C 1 app @ 0.11 lb ai/A 0.21 0.16 0.10

Sugarcane FL Sugarcane

(December 03

– foliar) A 1 app @ 0.31 lb ai/A 3.31 2.56 1.14

FL Sugarcane (December 03

– foliar) G 1 app @ 0.31 lb ai/A 2.98 2.42 0.97

FL Sugarcane (December 03

– chemigation) C 1 app @ 0.31 lb ai/A 2.90 2.34 0.94

LA Sugarcane (December 03

– foliar) A 1 app @ 0.31 lb ai/A 6.63 5.18 2.24

LA S ugarcane (November 26

– foliar) A 1 app @ 0.31 lb ai/A 4.67 3.84 2.10

LA Sugarcane (November 19

– foliar) A 1 app @ 0.31 lb ai/A 4.36 3.49 2.33

LA Sugarcane (November 12

– foliar) A 1 app @ 0.31 lb ai/A 3.70 3.14 2.14

LA Sugarcane (November 05

– foliar) A 1 app @ 0.31 lb ai/A 4.09 3.41 2.58

LA Sugarcane (November 01

– foliar) A 1 app @ 0.31 lb ai/A 3.36 2.68 1.92

LA Sugarcane (December 03

– foliar) G 1 app @ 0.31 lb ai/A 6.24 4.88 2.10

LA Sugarcane (December 03

– chemigation) C 1 app @ 0.3 1 lb ai/A 6.14 4.81 2.06

Grasses

Grown for

Seed FL Turf

(February 15

– foliar) A 1 app @ 0.5 lb ai/A 1.41 1.12 0.76

FL Turf (February 15

– foliar) G 1 app @ 0.5 lb ai/A 0.31 0.26 0.19

### 36

Proposed

Label Use PRZM/EXAMS

Scenario 1


### (f irst app date) Method 2 

### Maximum Application Rate (interval between applications) Peak

EEC ( μg/L ) 21

- day

EEC ( μg/L) 60

- day

EEC ( μg/L )

FL Turf (February 15

– foliar) C 1 app @ 0.5 lb ai/A 0.13 0.10 0.0 6

PA Turf (April 15

– foliar) A 1 app @ 0.5 lb ai/A 1.45 1.22 0.91

PA Turf (April 15

– foliar) G 1 app @ 0.5 lb ai/A 0.55 0.44 0.31

PA Turf (April 15

– foliar) C 1 app @ 0.5 lb ai/A 0.37 0.30 0.19

1 

### Bold numbers denote maximum EEC values.

2 

### A = ae rial application, G = groun d application, C = chemigation

3. 6 Terrestrial Exposure Estimates for Trinexapac

- ethyl

The Terrestrial Exposure (T

- REX) model (Version 1.4.1), an EFED computer model that

uses a first

- order dissipation relationship to account f or residue dissipation between

app lications, was used to estimate exposure concentrations of t rinexapac

- ethyl to
terrestrial wildlife. The T

- REX simulation model incorporates the Kenaga nomogram relationship between the amount of pesticide applied and the amount of pesticide residue present on a given food item 9

, 10

, 11



### . The model also calculates the peak concentration of pesticide residues on each food item on a daily interval for one year using a first order decay function based on the concentrations presen t from both the initial and additional applications. In addition to exposure concentrations (dose and diet

- based), the T

- REX model calculates risk quotients based on food items for mammals and birds, including herbivores, insectivores

, and granivores. Fo r dose

- based exposures, three weight classes of mammals (15, 35

, and 1000 g) and birds (20, 100, and 1000 g) are considered. All model ouputs are 1 in 10 year values.

A default foliar dissipation half

- life of 35 days was used in this assessment because a

v alue specific to trinexapac

- ethyl was not available. Input parameters, such as application rate, interval, and number of applications, used in the T

- REX mode l are presented with corresponding EECs in Tables 3. 7 and 3. 8

.

9 Fletcher, J.S., J.E. Nellsen, T.G. Pfleeger. 1994. Literature review and evaluation of the EPA food

- chain (Kenaga) nomogram, an instrument for estimating pesticide residues on plants. Env. Toxicol. Chem. 13:1381

- 1391.

10 Hoerger, F. and E. E. Kenaga. 1972. Pesticide residues on plants: correlation of representative data as a basis for estimation of their magnitude in the environment. in : F. Coulston and F. Korte (editors), Environmental Quality and Safety: Chemistry, Toxicology, and Technology. Vol I. Georg Thieme Publishers, Stu ttgart, West Germany, pp. 9

- 28.

11 Pfleeger, T.G., A. Fong, R. Hayes, H. Ratsch and C. Wickliff. 1996. Field evaluation of the EPA (Kenaga) nomogram, a method for estimating wildlife exposure to pesticide residues on plants. Env. Toxicol. Chem. 15:535

- 543, 1996.

### 37

EECs were not calculated for an y of the major degradates for trinexapac

- ethyl because toxicity data were not available. It was assumed that the degradates have similar toxicity

as their parent

– trinexapac

- ethyl.

3. 6 .1 Exposure Estimates for Birds and Mammals

The estimated e xposure con centrations of trinexapac

- ethyl for terrestrial birds and mammals are presented in Tables 3. 7 and 3. 8 , respectively. These estimates are based on the upper

- bound Kenaga dose and the assumption that the species in question eat s one type of food item and fo rage s only in the treated and/or overspray areas. Given that toxicity data were not available for the major degradates of trinexapac

- ethyl, only the parent compound was modeled. It was assumed that the degradates would not be more toxic than the parent.

Single applications of Palisade EC and Palisade 2EC on grasses grown for seed resulte d

in the most conservative estimate s for terrestrial wildlife (dietary and dose

- based) exposure concentrations. D ietary

- based exposure concentrations for terrestrial wil dlife ranged from 1. 65 to 120 mg/kg

- food item

. Avian and mammalian oral dose concentrations ranged from 0.11 to 137 mg/kg

- bw and 0.06 to 114 mg/kg

- bw

, respectively.

### 38

Table 3. 7 . Avian Exposure Concentration Estimates for the Parent Trinexapac

- ethyl for Foliar Applications (1 in 10 year values)

Feeding Category Dietary

based EECs (mg/kg

- food item) Dose

- based EECs (mg/kg

- bw)

Small (20 g) Medium

(100 g) Large

(1000 g)

Palisade EC and Palisade 2EC on Cereals 1



### – 1 application at 0.11 lb ai/A Short grass 26.40 30.07 17.15 7.68 Tall grass 12.10 13.78 7.86 3.52 Broadleaf plants/small

insects 14.85 16.91 9.64 4.32 Fruits/pods/seeds/large

insects 1.65 1.88 1.07 0.48

Granivores

- 0.42 0.24 0.11
Palisade EC and Palisade 2EC on Sugarcane

– 1 application at 0.31 lb ai/A Short grass 74.40 84.73 48.32 21.63 Tall grass 34.10 38.84 22.15 9.92 Broadleaf plants/small

insects 41.85 47.66 27.18 12.17 Fruits/pods/seeds/large

insects 4.65 5.30 3.02 1.35

Granivores

- 1.18 0.67 0.30

Palisade EC and Palisade 2EC on Grasses Grown for Seed

– 1 application at 0.5 lb ai/A
Short grass 136.67 77.93 34.89 136.67 Tall grass 62.64 35.72 15.99 62.64 Broadleaf plants/small

insects 76.88 43.84 19.63 76.88 Fruits/pods/seeds/large

insects 8.54 4.87 2.18 8.54

Granivores 1.90 1 .08 0.48 1.90

1 

### Winter wheat, spring wheat, durum wheat, winter barley, spring barley, oats, and triticale

### 39

Table 3. 8 . Mammalian Exposure Concentration Estimates for the Parent Trinexapac

ethyl for Foliar Applications (1 in 10 year values)

Feeding Cat egory Dietary

based EECs (mg/kg

- food item) Dose

- based EECs (mg/kg

- bw)

Small (15 g) Medium

(135 g) Large

(1000 g)

Palisade EC and Palisade 2EC on Cereals 1



### – 1 application at 0.11 lb ai/A Short grass 26.40 25.17 17.40 4.03 Tall grass 12.10 11.54 7.97 1 .85 Broadleaf plants/small

insects 14.85 14.16 9.79 2.27 Fruits/pods/seeds/large

insects 1.65 1.57 1.09 0.25

Granivores

- 0.35 0.24 0.06
Palisade EC and Palisade 2EC on Sugarcane

– 1 application at 0.31 lb ai/A Short grass 74.40 70.93 49.03 11.37

Tal l grass 34.10 32.51 22.47 5.21 Broadleaf plants/small

insects 41.85 39.90 27.58 6.39 Fruits/pods/seeds/large

insects 4.65 4.43 3.06 0.71

Granivores

- 0.99 0.68 0.16
Palisade EC and Palisade 2EC on Grasses Grown for Seed

– 1 application at 0.5 lb ai/A
Short grass 114.41 79.07 18.33 114.41 Tall grass 52.44 36.24 8.40 52.44 Broadleaf plants/small

insects 64.36 44.48 10.31 64.36 Fruits/pods/seeds/large

insects 7.15 4.94 1.15 7.15

Granivores 1.59 1.10 0.25 1.59

1 

### Winter wheat, spring wheat, durum wheat, winter barley, spring barley, oats, and triticale

3. 6 .2 Exposure Estimates for Plants

TerrPlant 1.2.2 (10/29/09) was used as a Tier 1 model for screening level assessments of pesticides. The model provides estimates of exposure to terrestrial plants fro m single pesticide applications; however, the model does not consider exposures to plants from multiple pesticide applications. TerrPlant derives pesticide EECs in runoff and spray drift, and develops risk quotients for non

- listed and listed species of mo nocots and dicots inhabiting dry and semi

- aquatic areas (Appendix D).

The estimated e xposure concentrations of trinexapac

- ethyl for terrestrial plants are presented below (Table 3. 9 ) . The most protective aerial and ground application scenario s for each use were selected, based on information from the label. A single aerial

### 40

application of Palisade EC or Palisade 2EC on grasses grown for seed yielded the highest

EECs (0.025 to 0.275 lb ai/A)

. Considering all uses, EECs ranged from 0.001 to 0.275 lb ai/A)

.

Table 3. 9

. Terrestrial Plant Exposure Concentration Estimates for Trinexapac

- ethyl

Description Equation EEC (lb ai/A)

Palisade EC and Palisade 2EC on Cereals

– single aerial application at 0.11 lb ai/A 1



### Runoff to dry areas (A/I)*R 0.0055

Runoff to s emi

- aquatic areas (A/I)*R*10 0.055 Spray drift A*D 0.0055 Total for dry areas ((A/I)*R)+(A*D) 0.011

Total for semi

- aquatic areas ((A/I)*R*10)+(A*D) 0.0605

Palisade EC and Palisade 2EC on Cereals

– single ground application at 0.11 lb ai/A 1



### Runoff to d ry areas (A/I)*R 0.0055

Runoff to semi

- aquatic areas (A/I)*R*10 0.055 Spray drift A*D 0.0011 Total for dry areas ((A/I)*R)+(A*D) 0.0066

Total for semi

- aquatic areas ((A/I)*R*10)+(A*D) 0.0561
Palisade EC and Palisade 2EC on Sugarcane

– single aerial ap plication at 0.31 lb ai/A Runoff to dry areas (A/I)*R 0.0155

Runoff to semi

- aquatic areas (A/I)*R*10 0.155 Spray drift A*D 0.0155 Total for dry areas ((A/I)*R)+(A*D) 0.031

Total for semi

- aquatic areas ((A/I)*R*10)+(A*D) 0.1705

Palisade EC and Palisad e 2EC on Sugarcane

– single ground application at 0.31 lb ai/A Runoff to dry areas (A/I)*R 0.0155

Runoff to semi

- aquatic areas (A/I)*R*10 0.155 Spray drift A*D 0.0031 Total for dry areas ((A/I)*R)+(A*D) 0.0186

Total for semi

- aquatic areas ((A/I)*R*10) +(A*D) 0.1581
Palisade EC and Palisade 2EC on Grasses Grown for Seed

– single aerial application at
0.5 lb ai/A
Runoff to dry areas (A/I)*R 0.025

Runoff to semi

- aquatic areas (A/I)*R*10 0.25 Spray drift A*D 0.025 Total for dry areas ((A/I)*R)+(A*D) 0. 05

Total for semi

- aquatic areas ((A/I)*R*10)+(A*D) 0.275
Palisade EC and Palisade 2EC on Grasses Grown for Seed

– single ground application at

0.5 lb ai/A Runoff to dry areas (A/I)*R 0.025

Runoff to semi

- aquatic areas (A/I)*R*10 0.25 Spray drift A*D 0 .005 Total for dry areas ((A/I)*R)+(A*D) 0.03

### 41 Description Equation EEC (lb ai/A)

Total for semi

- aquatic areas ((A/I)*R*10)+(A*D) 0.255

1 

### Spring wheat, winter wheat, durum wheat, winter barley, spring barley, oats, triticale A = application rate I = incorporation

R = runoff fraction

D = dr ift fraction



## 4. Ecological Effects Assessment

A search of the ECOTOX database on July 19, 2011 yielded several open literature studies for trinexapac

- ethyl. Two studies (E121125, E111282) evaluated the effects of trinexapac

- ethyl on creeping bentgrass ( A grostis stolonifera ); E121125 also looked at

Poa annua . None of these studies were reviewed for this assessment because the toxicity endpoints were not the most sensitive endpoint for this assessment. In addition, there were several fungi studies (E95309, E100108, E100284), but fungi were not addressed in

this risk assessment . Therefore, only studies submitted by the registrant were evaluated to determine the effects of trinexapac

- ethyl on non

- target organisms. The Ecological Incident Information System (EIIS) was also reviewed to provide a refined characterization of the ecological effects.

4.1 Aquatic Effects Summary

T rinexapac

- ethyl ’s effects on aquatic fauna were determined by evaluating both

freshwater and estuarine/marine fish and invertebrates. Bo th acute and chronic studies were submitted for freshwater fish and invertebrates whereas only acute studies were

submitted for estuarine/marine fish and invertebrates. I n general, t rinexapac

- ethyl is practically non

- toxic to most fish and slightly to mod erately toxic for invertebrates.

4.1.1 Toxicity Effects on Fish

Trinexapac

- ethyl is characterized as practically non

- toxic to slightly toxic for freshwater

fish. Of the warm water species that were tested, the bluegill sunfish yielded an EC 50 

### of > 130 mg ai/L while carp and catfish had LC 50 

### s of 57 and 35 mg ai/L, respectively (MRIDs 41563904, 41869506, 41869507) . The NOEL for the carp was 32 mg ai/L (based on pigmentation) and the NOAEC for the catfish was 20 mg ai/L (based on erratic swimming and loss o f equilibrium). The rainbow trout was the only cold water species

that was tested and resulted in a 96

- hour EC 50 

### of 68 mg ai/L (MRID 41563905) . The carp study was classified as supplemental because this species wa s not commonly used

for EFED risk assessm ents at the time the study was submitted 12 

### (Table 4.1)

.

12 The study was evaluated in 1992 when carp were considered unacceptable species for this test. Since then, the ac ceptability of carp for the acute toxicity to fish test has been re

- considered and carp are now an acceptable test species. There are plans to re

- evaluate this DER; however, for this risk assessment, the supplemental classification will not affect the qua ntitative use of the toxicity information.

### 42

Table 4.1. Toxic Effects in Freshwater Fish from Acute Exposure to Trinexapac

- ethyl

Species Toxicity Value

(mg ai/L) Toxicity

Classification Study

Classification MRID #

Rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss ) 96

- hour EC 50 

### = 68

NOAEC = N/A Slightly toxic Acceptable 41563905

Bluegill

sunfish ( Lepomis
macrochirus ) 96

- hour EC 50 

### > 130

NOAEC = N/A Practically

non

- toxic Acceptable 41563904

Carp ( Cyprinus carpio ) LC 50 

### = 57

NOEL = 32 (based on pigmentation) Sl ightly toxic Supplemental 41869506

Catfish ( Ictalurus

punctatus ) 96

- hour LC 50 

### = 35 *

NOAEC = 20 (based on erratic swimming and loss of equilibrium) Slightly toxic Acceptable 41869507

*Denotes toxicity value used in risk quotient calculations.

T he estuar ine/marine fish (sheepshead minnow) study suggests that estuarine/marine fish are less sensitive to trinexapac

- ethyl than freshwater fish (MRID 41869510) . The study

established a 96

- hour LC 50 

### of 180 mg ai/L. All fish exhibited erratic swimming behavior and many also had darkened pigmentation, loss of equilibrium, and lethargy (Table 4.2).

Table 4.2. Toxic Effects in Estuarine/Marine Fish from Acute Exposure to Trinexapac

ethyl

Species Toxicity Value

(mg ai/L) Toxicity

Classification Study

Classificatio n MRID #

Sheepshead

minnow (Cyprinodon variegatus ) 96

- hour LC 50 

### =

180 * Practically

non

- toxic Acceptable 41869510

*Denotes toxicity value used in risk quotient calculations.

Two fathead minnow studies on chronic exposure effects of trinexapac were revi ewed (Table 4.3). Chronic effects (based on growth) were seen between 0.41 (MRID 42081401) and 0.89 mg ai/L (MRID 41869511) . MRID 41869511 was classified as supplemental because not all endpoints were measured (e.g., time to swim up) and other methodolog ical deviations from the guidelines (e.g., two replicates per treatment instead of four).

### 43

Table 4.3. Toxic Effects in Freshwater Fish from Chronic Exposure to Trinexapac

- ethyl

Species Toxicity Value

(mg ai/L ) Most

Sensitive Endpoint Study

Classification MRID #

Fathead

minnow ( Pimephales promelas ) MATC 1 

### < 0.89 Wet weight and length Supplemental 41869511

Fathead

minnow ( Pimephales promelas ) NOAEC =

0.41 *

LOAEC <0.80 Growth Acceptable 42081401

1 

### Maximum acceptable toxicant concentration (geometric mean o f the NOEC and LOEC). *Denotes toxicity value used in risk quotient calculations.

In the absence of chronic toxicity data for estuarine/marine fish, a toxicity value could normally be estimated based on the assumption that the acute

- to

- chronic ratio for

freshwater fish ( species X) applies to estuarine/marine fish ( species Y) also. The acute

to

- chronic ratio is typically calculated as follows :

Acute species X 

### = Acute species Y 

### Chronic speciesX 

### Chronic speciesY



### Given that a complete se t of acute

- chronic data is not available for any freshwater fish species, a chronic value for the estuarine/marine sheepshead minnow was not estimated

. Using toxicity data from two species would have introduced additional uncertainty into

the estimated es tuarine/marine chronic toxicity value.

4.1.2 Toxicity Effects on Invertebrates

Studies were submitted to document the effects of acute exposure to trinexapac

- ethyl on freshwater invertebrates ( Table 4. 4 ). The water flea study yielded a non

- definitive EC 50 

### value of >142.5 mg ai/L, indicating that trinexapac

- ethyl is practically non

- toxic to the

water flea (MRID 41563906)

.

Table 4.4. Toxic Effects in Freshwater Invertebrates from Acute Exposure to Trinexapac

- ethyl

Species Toxicity Value

(mg ai/L) To xicity

Classification Study

Classification MRID #

Water flea ( Daphnia

magna ) 48

- hr EC 50 

### >142.5 Practically non

toxic Acceptable 41563906

Acute exposure studies on estuarine/marine invertebrates indicated that trinexapac

- ethyl

i s slightly toxic to the e astern oyster ( EC 50 

### > 89 mg ai/L) (MRID 41869509) . A

### 44

definitive EC 50 

### could not be determined because none of the treatment levels produced a 50 percent reduction in oyster shell growth; however, a 48 percent reduction in shell growth was observed at the h ighest t reatment level (89 mg ai/L) . No NOAEC could be established from the study because the raw data were not provided for reviewer verification. Trinexapac

- ethyl is moderately toxic to mysid shrimp ( LC 50 

### = 6.5 mg ai/L) (MRID 41869508)

. A definitive N OAEC could not be determined as toxic effects were

observed at all treatment levels (e.g., erratic swimming, darkened pigmentation, lethargy) (Table 4.5)

.

Table 4.5. Toxic Effects in Estuarine/Marine Invertebrates from Acute Exposure to Trinexapac

- ethyl

Species Toxicity Value

(mg ai/L ) Toxicity

Classification Study

Classification MRID #

Eastern
oyster ( Crassostrea virginica ) 96

- hour EC 50 

### > 89 Slightly toxic Acceptable 41869509

Mysid shrimp ( Mysidopsis

bahia ) 96

- hour LC 50 

### = 6.5 *

NOAEC < 3.4 Moderately

toxic Acceptable 41869508

* Denotes toxicity value used in risk quotient calculations.

Two chronic water flea studies were unable to establish definitive chronic toxicity values (Table 4.6) . MRID 41869512 established a NOAEC of < 2.9 mg ai/L and was cla ssified as supplemental because the study may not have appropriately addressed water flea weight as an endpoint. Furthermore, it was recommended that the study be repeated using lower concentration levels so that definitive chronic t oxicity data could be

established. MRID 43128602 yielded a NOAEC of ≥ 2.4 mg ai/L and a LOAEC of ≤ 5.1 mg ai/L, based on reductions in the length of adult water fleas.

Table 4.6. Toxic Effects in Freshwater Invertebrates from Chronic Exposure to Trinexapac

- ethyl

Species Toxi city Value

(mg ai/L ) Most

Sensitive Endpoint Study

Classification MRID #

Water

flea ( Daphnia

magna ) NOAEC < 2.9 Reproduction Supplemental 41869512

Water

flea ( Daphnia

magna ) NOAEC ≥ 2.4

LOAEC ≤ 5.1 Growth Acceptable 43128602

### 45

In the absence of chronic t oxicity data for estuarine/marin e invertebrates, a toxicity value

c an be estimated based on the assumption that the acute

- to

- chronic ratio for freshwater invertebrates applies to estuarine/marine invertebrates also. However, only non

definitive data were available for the water flea EC 50 

### (>142.5 mg ai/L) and NOAEC (>2.4 mg ai/L) , thus the uncertainty was too great to estimate a NOAEC for mysid shrimp.

4.1.3 Toxicity Effects on Plants

Among the non

- vascular plants, freshwater blue

- green algae ( Anabaena flo s

- aquae ) was the most sensitive to trinexapac

- ethyl with an EC 50 

### of 0.35 mg ai/L and a NOAEC of 0.11 mg ai/L (based on reproduction) (MRID 41869535) . EC 50 

### /NOAEC values for green algae ( Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata ) , freshwater diatom ( Navicula pellicu losa ) , and marine diatom ( Skeletonema costatum ) were 14/7.8 mg ai/L, 42/6.2 mg ai/L , and 14/3.7 mg ai/L (based on growth and reproduction), respectively (Table 4.7) (MRIDs 48043713, 41869532, 41869533)

.

Table 4.7. Toxic Effects in Non

- vascular Plants from Exposure to Trinexapac

- ethyl

Species Toxicity Value

(mg ai/L) Study

Classification MRID #

Green algae ( Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata ) Cell density and yield

96

- h ou r EC 50 

### = 14

NOAEC = 7.8

Biomass

EC 50 

### = 15

NOAEC = 7.8 Acceptable 48043713

Marine diatom ( Skeletonema

costatum ) 120

- hour EC 50 

### = 16

NOAEC = 3.7 Acceptable 41869533

Freshwater diatom ( Navicula pelliculosa ) 120

- hour EC 50 

### = 42

NOAEC = 6.2 (growth and reproduction) Acceptable 41869534

Blue

- green algae ( Anabaena flos

aquae ) 120

- hour EC 50 

### = 0.35 *

NOAEC = 0.11 (reproduction) Acceptable 41869535

*Denotes toxicity value used in risk quotient calculations.

Two aquatic vascular plant studies were evaluated. MRID 41869532 yielded an EC 50 

### of 0.42 mg ai/L and a NOAEC of < 0.072 mg ai/L, based on duckweed growth. The study was classified as supplemental because a definitive NOAEC could not be established; it was recommended that an additional study be conducted with lower test concentrations

so that a NOAEC could be defined . A second duckweed s tudy (MRID 42595303)

resulted in an EC 50 

### of 0.19 mg ai/L. The NOAEC and LOAEC (0.018 and 0.035 mg ai/L, respectively) were based on growth (Table 4.8).

### 46

Table 4.8. Toxic Effects in Vascular Plants from Exposure to Trinexapac

- ethyl

Species Toxicity Val ue

(mg ai/L) Study

Classification MRID #

Duckweed ( Lemna gibba ) 14

- day EC 50 

### = 0.42

NOAEC < 0.072 (growth) Supplemental 41869532

Duckweed ( Lemna gibba ) 14

- day EC 50 

### = 0.19 *

NOAEC = 0.018

LOAEC = 0.035 Acceptable 42595303

*Denotes toxicity value used in r isk quotient calculations.

4.2 Terrestrial Effects Summary

4.2.1 Toxicity Effects on Birds

No definitive values for acute toxicity to birds were established (Table 4.9) . The acute oral toxicity test for mallard duck resulted in an LD 50 

### of > 2000 mg ai/kg

- bw (MRID 41563901) . Birds in the 2000 mg ai/kg

- bw group were reported as being “quiet” for the first two days after the dosing, but by day 3, were behaving normally. No other sub

lethal effects were reported. Dietary toxicity studies for the mallard an d bobwhite quail both yielded LC 50 

### s of > 5200 mg ai/kg

- diet (MRIDs 41563902, 41563903)

.

Table 4.9. Toxic Effects in Birds from Acute Exposure to Trinexapac

- ethyl
Study Type Species Toxicity Value Toxicity
Classification Study

Classification MRID #

Ora l Toxicity Mallard duck

( Anas platyrhynchos ) LD 50 

### > 2000 mg

ai/kg

- bw Practically

non

- toxic Acceptable 41563901

Dietary Toxicity Bobwhite q uail

(Colinus virginianus ) LC 50 

### > 5200 mg

ai/kg

- diet Practically

non

- toxic Acceptable 41563902

Dietary Toxicity Mall ard d uck

( Anas platyrhynchos ) LC 50 

### > 5200 mg

ai/kg

- diet Practically

non

- toxic Acceptable 41563903

In reproduction studies, t rinexapac

- ethyl was found to be more toxic to bobwhite quail (NOAEC = 200 mg ai/kg

- diet ) compared with mallard duck (NOAEC = 6 00 m g ai/kg

diet ) ( Table 4.1 0 ) (MRIDs 41869505, 41869504)

. The bobwhite quail ’s NOAE C is

based on the number of eggs set (25% reduction) . No effects were observed in the mallard duck during the study.

### 47

Table 4.10. Reproductive Effects in Birds from Chron ic Exposure to Trinexapac

- ethyl

Species Toxicity Value

(mg ai/kg

- diet ) Study

Classification MRID #

Bobwhite q uail ( Colinus virginianus ) NOAEC = 200 *

LOAEC = 600 (number of eggs set) Acceptable 41869505

Mallard d uck (

Anas platyrhynchos ) NOAEC = 600

LOAEC > 600 Acceptable 41869504

*Denotes toxicity value used in risk quotient calculations.

4.2.2 Toxicity Effects on Mammals

The acute t oxicity of t

rinexapac

- ethyl was assessed in three studies. Two of the studies assessed male and female rats separately; MR ID 41563908 found female rats ( LD 50 

### = 4212 mg ai/kg

- bw) to be more sensitive than male rats ( LD 50 

### = 4613 mg ai/ kg

- bw) while MRID 41869514 found male rats ( LD 50 

### = 5010 mg ai/kg

- bw) to be more sensitive than female rats ( LD 50 

### = 5730 mg ai/kg

- bw). All studie s showed that trinexapac

- ethyl is practically non

- toxic on an acute oral exposure basis to mammals (Table 4.11).

Table 4.11. Toxic Effects in Mammals from Acute Oral Exposure to Trinexapac

- ethyl

Species Toxicity Value (mg/kg

- bw) Toxicity

Classification M RID #

Rat ( Rattus norvegicus ) Male LD 50 

### = 4613

Female LD 50 

### = 4212 *

Combined LD 50 

### = 4458 Practically non

- toxic 41563908

Rat ( Rattus norvegicus ) Combined LD 50 

### = 4514 Practically non

- toxic 41563909

Rat ( Rattus norvegicus ) Male LD 50 

### = 5010

Female LD 50 

### = 573 0 Practically non

- toxic 41869514

*Denotes toxicity value used in risk quotient calculations.

A two

- generation rat study (MRID 43128604) was submitted by the registrant to ascertain the chronic exposure effects of t rinexapac

- ethyl ( Table 4.1 2 ). Adults

e xperienced reduced pre

- mating and gestation body weight as well as reduced body weight gain and food consumption. Decreased survival and body weight

, and decreased body weight gain during lactation were observed in offspring. No adverse effects on reprod uction performance were noted for either generation.

### 48

Table 4.12. Toxic Effects in Mammals from Chronic Exposure to Trinexapac

- ethyl

Type of Study Test Species Toxicity Value (mg/kg

- bw/day) MRID #

Two

- generation study Rat ( Rattus

norvegicus ) Male NOAEL = 594 *

Male LOAEL = 1212

Female NOAEL = 751

Female LOAEL = 1485 (toxicity to parents and offspring)

Male NOAEL = 1212

Female NOAEL = 1485 (reproductive toxicity) 43128604

*Denotes toxicity value used in risk quotient calculations.

4.2.3 Toxicity Effect s on Non

- Target Insects

A contact toxicity study for worker honeybees resulted in an LD 50 

### of 47 μg/bee, indicating that trinexapac

- ethyl is practically non

- toxic to honeybees (Table 4.13) (MRID 41563928)

.

Table 4.13. Toxic Effects in Honeybee ( Apis mell ifera ) from Acute Exposure to Trinexapac

- ethyl.
Study Type Toxicity Value

(μg/bee) Toxicity

Classification Study

Classification MRID #

Contact Toxicity LD 50 

### = 47 Practically

non

- toxic Acceptable 41563928

4.2.4 Toxicity Effects on Plants

Four plant toxici ty studies were reviewed (Table 4.14) . The seedling germination study indicated that trinexapac

- ethyl has similar effects on monocots and dicots (NOAEC = 0.68 lb ai/A for both monocots and dicots) (MRID 41869530) . An initial seedling emergence study (MRI D 41869529) was classified as supplemental because the cabbage seeds in the control germinated at a very low rate (55%). A second study (MRID 42595302) that only tested cabbage was submitted in response to this problem. Together,

the two studies fulfill the seedling emergence guideline requirement. The studies showed

monocots (oat EC 25 

### = 0.301 lb ai/A) were less sensitive to trinexapac

- ethyl than dicots (carrot EC 25 

### = 0.22 lb ai/A). The NOAEC for both species w as the same (0.094 lb ai/A),

but was based on plant height for monocots (oat and ryegrass) and dry weight for dicots (lettuce). The vegetative vigor study (MRID 41869531) indicated that monocots (oat

EC 25 

### = 0.294 lb ai/A; NOAEC 0.0425 lb ai/A, based on plant height) had similar sensitivity to trin exapac

- ethyl as dicots (carrot EC 25 

### = 0.267 lb ai/A; NOAEC 0.085 lb ai/A, based on dry weight).

### 49

Table 4.14. Toxic Effects in Terrestrial Vascular Plants from Exposure to Trinexapac

ethyl

Type of Study Species Toxicity Value (lb ai/A) Study

Classificati on MRID #

Seedling Emergence Monocot: Oat

( Avena sativa ), Ryegrass ( Lolium multiflorum ), Corn ( Zea mays ), Onion ( Allium cepa )

Dicot: Soybean ( Glycine max ), Lettuce ( Lactuca

sativa ), Carrot ( Daucus carota ), Tomato ( Solanum lycopersicum ),

Cucumber ( Cucum is sativus ), Cabbage ( Brassica
oleracea ) Monocot

Oat EC 25 

### = 0.301 * Oat and Ryegrass

NOAEC = 0.094 * (plant height)

Dicot

Lettuce EC 25 

### = 0.22 *

Lettuce NOAE C = 0.094 * (plant dry weight) Supplemental 41869529

Seedling Emergence

Cabbage ( Brassica

oleracea ) EC 25 

### = 0.68

NOAEC = 0.68

LOAEC = 0.68 (emergence, survival, phytotoxicity, growth, and dry weight) Acceptable 42595302

Seed Germination (Tier 1) Monocot: Corn

( Zea mays ), Oat ( Avena sativa ), Ryegrass ( Lolium multiflorum ), Onion ( Allium

cepa )

Dicot: Soy bean ( Glycine max ), Lettuce ( Lactuca

sativa ), Carrot ( Daucus carota ), Tomato ( Solanum lycopersicum ),

Cucumber All species:

NOAEC = 0.68

EC50 = N/A Acceptable 41869530

### 50

Type of Study Species Toxicity Value (lb ai/A) Study

Classificati on MRID #

( Cucumis sativus ), Cabbage ( Brassica
oleracea ), Vegetative Vigor Monocot: Corn

( Zea ma ys ), Oat ( Avena sativa ), Ryegrass ( Lolium multiflorum ), Onion ( Allium

cepa )

Dicot: Soybean ( Glycine max ), Lettuce ( Lactuca

sativa ), Carrot ( Daucus carota ), Tomato ( Solanum lycopersicum ),

Cucumber ( Cucumis sativus ), Cabbage ( Brassica
oleracea ) Monocot (Oa t)

EC 25 

### = 0.294 *

NOAEC =

0.0425 * (plant height)

Dicot (Carrot)

EC 25 

### = 0.267 *

NOAEC = 0.085 * (dry weight) Acceptable 41869531

*Denotes toxicity value used in risk quotient calculations.

4.4 Incident Database Review

The Environmental Protection Agency ma intains an incident database system called the Ecological Incident Information System (EIIS) to track and evaluate accidental kills associated with pesticide use. Based on the information contained in the incident report, the likelihood of a particular pe sticide causing the incident is classified as highly probable, probable, possible, or unlikely. If there are incidents, this information will be reviewed and considered in conjunction with the degree to which the LOCs were exceeded, information on sales, local use practices, and monitored levels in the environment to determine whether the predicted effect based on labeled use of the product is likely to occur or not.

A search of the EIIS database on A ugust 5, 2011 did not identify any adverse ecological

i ncidents involving trinexapac

- ethyl . Although incident reporting is required under FIFRA Section 6(a)(2), the absence of reports in EIIS does not indicate that the chemical has no effects on wildlife; rather, it is possible that incidents have gone unrepo rted.

In addition, the Avian Incident Monitoring System (AIMS) and Aggregate Summary

Module of OPP ’s Incident Database were checked on September 19, 2011 for incidents.

### 5 1

No incidents were recorded in AIMS, but two were documented in the Aggregate

Incide nt Report for EFED

. One incident was reported as a minor fish and wildlife incident and involved Primo Liquid between 7/1/00 and 9/30/00. The other was reported as a minor plant incident and involved Palisade EC between 11/1/03 and 10/31/04. No

other in formation was available.



## 5. Risk Characterization

Risk characterization is the integration of exposure and effects to determine the ecological risk associated with the proposed new uses for trinexapac

- ethyl

. The risk characterization provides estimations and descriptions of the risk; articulates risk assessment assumptions, limitations, and uncertainties; synthesizes an overall conclusion; and provides the risk managers with information to make regulatory decisions.

5.1 Risk Estimation

The risk quotient (RQ) method was used to determine if trinexapac

- ethyl has the potential

to cause adverse effects on non

- target organisms. In the risk quotient method, the estimated environmental concentrations (EECs) are divided by acute and chronic toxicity

values. The resulting unit

- less risk quotients are compared to the A gency’s levels of

concern to determine the need for regulatory action (Appendix E ).

5.1.1 Summary of Aquatic Risk Quotients

5.1.1.1 Risk Quotients for Fish

Risk quotients were calculated for the a cute (catfish

– MRID 41869507) and chronic (fathead minnow

– MRID 42081401) toxicological effects on freshwater fish (Table 5.1). Toxicity endpoints were based on the parent only (trinexapac

- ethyl); thus, the risk quotients are conservative. For chronic effects, the 21

- day EEC was used instead of the

60

- day EEC because the duration of the fish early

- life stage test was 30 days; thus it was more appropriate to use a 21

- day concentration than a 60

- day concentration. Acute and

chronic risk quotients for fre sh water fish were < 0.01 for aerial, ground, and chemigation applications. The level of concern for acute listed species (0.5) and chronic risks (1)

w ere not exceeded for any scenario

, indicating that risk is unlikely.

### 52

Table 5.1. Acute and Chronic Ri sk Quotients for Freshwater Fish Exposed to Trinexapac

- ethyl in Surface Water

PRZM/EXAMS
Scenario Method 1 

### Peak EEC (μg/L) 21

- Day

EEC (μg/L) Freshwater Fish

Acute RQ (Peak EEC/LC 50 

### )
LC 50 

### = 35000 μg/L Freshwater Fish

Chronic RQ (21

- Day EEC/NOAEC)
NOAEC = 410 μg/L
Cereals (wheat, barley , triticale, oats)

– Palisade EC and Palisade 2EC at 0.11 lb ai/A

ND Wheat

June 21

– foliar A 0.41 0.31 0.00001 0.0008

ND Wheat

June 21

– foliar G 0.25 0.18 0.000007 0.0004

ND Wheat

June 21

- chemigation C 0.21 0.16 0.000006 0.0004

Sugarcane

– Palisade EC and Palisade 2EC at 0.31 lb ai/A

FL Sugarcane

December 03

– foliar A 3.31 2.56 0.00009 0.006

FL Sugarcane

December 03

– foliar G 2.98 2.42 0.00009 0.006

FL Sugarcane

December 03

– chemigation C 2.90 2.34 0.00008 0.006

LA Sugarcane

December 03

– foliar A 6.63 5.18 0.0002 0.013

LA Sugarcane

November 26

– foliar A 4.67 3.84 0.0001 0.009

LA Sugarcane

November 19

– foliar A 4.36 3.49 0.0001 0.009

LA Sugarcane

November 12

– foliar A 3.70 3.14 0.0001 0.008

LA Sugarcane

November 05

– foliar A 4.09 3.41 0.0001 0.008

LA Sugarcane

November 01

– foliar A 3.36 2.68 0.0001 0.007

LA Sugarcane

December 03

– foliar G 6.24 4.88 0.0002 0.012

LA Sugarcane

Decemb er 03

– chemigation C 6.14 4.81 0.0002 0.012

Grasses Grown for Seed

– Palisade EC and Palisade 2EC at 0.5 lb ai/A

FL Turf (February 15

– foliar) A 1.41 1.12 0.00004 0.003

### 53

PRZM/EXAMS
Scenario Method 1 

### Peak EEC (μg/L) 21

- Day

EEC (μg/L) Freshwater Fish

Acute RQ (Peak EEC/LC 50 

### )

LC 50 

### = 35000 μg/L Freshwater Fish

Chronic RQ (21

- Day EEC/NOAEC)

NOAEC = 410 μg/L

FL Turf (February 15

– foliar) G 0.31 0.26 0.000009 0.0006

FL Turf (February 15

– foliar) C 0.13 0.10 0.000004 0.0002

PA Turf (April 15

– foliar) A 1.45 1.22 0.00004 0.003

PA Turf (April 15

– foliar) G 0.55 0.44 0.00002 0.001

PA Turf (April 15

– foliar) C 0.37 0.30 0.00001 0.0007

1 

### A = Aerial application, G = Ground application, C = chemigation

Risk quotients were calculated for the acute toxicological effects on estuarine/marine fish ( sheepshead minnow

– MRID 41869510 ) (Table 5.2). Toxicity endpoints were based on the parent only (trinexapac

- ethyl); thus, the risk quotients are c onservative. Acute risk quotients were < 0.01 for aerial

, g round , and chemigation applications. The level of

concern for acute risk to listed species ( 0.5 ) was not exceeded for any scenario

, indicating that risk is unlikely. Risk quotients were not calc ulated for chronic risks to estuarine/marine fish because no toxicity data were available.

Table 5.2. Acute Risk Quotients for Estuarine /Marine Fish Exposed to Trinexapac

- ethyl

in Surface Water

PRZM/EXAMS

Scenario Method 1 

### Peak EEC (μg/L) Estuarine/Marine

Fish Acute RQ (Peak EEC/LC 50 

### )

LC 50 

### = 180000 μg/L
Cereals (wheat, barley , triticale, oats)

– Palisade EC and Palisade
2EC at 0.11 lb ai/A

ND Wheat

June 21

– foliar A 0.41 0.000002

ND Wheat

June 21

– foliar G 0.25 0.000001

ND Wheat

June 21

- chemigation C 0.21 0.000001

Sugarcane

– Palisade EC and Palisade 2EC at 0.31 lb ai/A

### 54

PRZM/EXAMS
Scenario Method 1 

### Peak EEC (μg/L) Estuarine/Marine

Fish Acute RQ (Peak EEC/LC 50 

### )

LC 50 

### = 180000 μg/L
FL Sugarcane

December 03

– foliar A 3.31 0.00002

FL Sugarcane

December 03

– foliar G 2.98 0.00002

FL Sug arcane December 03

– chemigation C 2.90 0.00002

LA Sugarcane

December 03

– foliar A 6.63 0.00004

LA Sugarcane

November 26

– foliar A 4.67 0.00003

LA Sugarcane

November 19

– foliar A 4.36 0.00002

LA Sugarcane

November 12

– foliar A 3.70 0.00002

LA Suga rcane November 05

– foliar A 4.09 0.00002

LA Sugarcane

November 01

– foliar A 3.36 0.00002

LA Sugarcane

December 03

– foliar G 6.24 0.00003

LA Sugarcane

December 03

– chemigation C 6.14 0.00003

Grasses Grown for Seed

– Palisade EC and Palisade 2EC at 0 .5 lb

ai/A

FL Turf (February 15

– foliar) A 1.41 0.000008

FL Turf (February 15

– foliar) G 0.31 0.000002

FL Turf (February 15

– foliar) C 0.13 0.0000007

PA Turf (April 15

– foliar) A 1.45 0.000008

PA Turf (April 15

– foliar) G 0.55 0.000003

PA Turf ( April 15

– foliar) C 0.37 0.000002

### 55

PRZM/EXAMS
Scenario Method 1 

### Peak EEC (μg/L) Estuarine/Marine

Fish Acute RQ (Peak EEC/LC 50 

### )

LC 50 

### = 180000 μg/L

1 

### A = Aerial application, G = Ground application, C = chemigation

5.1.1.2 Risk Quotients for Aquatic Invertebrates

Risk quotients were calculated for the acute toxicological effects on estuarine/marine

invertebrates ( mysid shrimp

– MRID 41869508 ) (Table 5.3). Toxicity endpoints were based on the parent only (trinexapac

- ethyl); thus, the risk quotients are conservative. Acute risk quotients were < 0.01 for aerial, ground, and chemigation applications. The

level of c oncern for acute risk to listed species (0.5) was not exceeded for any scenario, indicating that risk is unlikely. Risk quotients were not calculated for acute or chronic risks for freshwater invertebrates because all of the toxicity data were non

- definit ive. A risk quotient was not calculated for chronic risks to estuarine/marine invertebrates because toxicity data were not available . See Section 5.2.1 for further discussion.

Table 5.3. Acute Risk Quotients for Estuarine /Marine Invertebrates Exposed t o Trinexapac

- ethyl in Surface Water

PRZM/EXAMS
Scenario Method 1 

### Peak EEC (μg/L) Estuarine/Marine

Invertebrates Acute RQ (Peak EEC/LC 50 

### )
LC 50 

### = 6500 μg/L
Cereals (wheat, barley , tritica le, oats)

– Palisade EC and Palisade
2EC at 0.11 lb ai/A

ND Wheat

June 21

– foliar A 0.41 0.00006

ND Wheat

June 21

– foliar G 0.25 0.00004

ND Wheat

June 21

- chemigation C 0.21 0.00003

Sugarcane

– Palisade EC and Palisade 2EC at 0.31 lb ai/A

FL Sugar cane December 03

– foliar A 3.31 0.0005

FL Sugarcane

December 03

– foliar G 2.98 0.0005

FL Sugarcane

December 03

– chemigation C 2.90 0.0004

### 56

PRZM/EXAMS
Scenario Method 1 

### Peak EEC (μg/L) Estuarine/Marine

Invertebrates Acute RQ (Peak EEC/LC 50 

### )

LC 50 

### = 6500 μg/L
LA Sugarcane

December 03

– foliar A 6.63 0.001

LA Sugarcane

November 26

– foliar A 4.67 0.0007

LA Sugarcane

N ovember 19

– foliar A 4.36 0.0007

LA Sugarcane

November 12

– foliar A 3.70 0.0006

LA Sugarcane

November 05

– foliar A 4.09 0.0006

LA Sugarcane

November 01

– foliar A 3.36 0.0005

LA Sugarcane

December 03

– foliar G 6.24 0.001

LA Sugarcane

December 03

– chemigation C 6.14 0.0009

Grasses Grown for Seed

– Palisade EC and Palisade 2EC at 0.5 lb

ai/A

FL Turf (February 15

– foliar) A 1.41 0.0002

FL Turf (February 15

– foliar) G 0.31 0.00005

FL Turf (February 15

– foliar) C 0.13 0.00002

PA Turf (April 15

– foliar) A 1.45 0.0002

PA Turf (April 15

– foliar) G 0.55 0.00008

PA Turf (April 15

– foliar) C 0.37 0.00006

1 

### A = Aerial application, G = Ground application, C = chemigation

5.1.1.3 Risk Quotients for Aquatic Plants

Risk quotients were calculated for toxicological effects on non

- vascular plants (blue

green algae

– Anabaena flos

- aquae

– MRID 41869535 ) and freshwater vascular plants (duckweed

– MRID 42595303 ) (Table 5.4). Toxicity endpoints were based on the parent only (trinexapac

- ethyl); thus, th e risk quotients are conservative. Risk quotients were <

### 57

0.01 for aerial, ground, and chemigation applications for all species and all scenarios

. The level s of concern for risk to aquatic vascular and non

- vascular plants (1) were not exceeded for any sce nario, indicating that risk is unlikely.

Table 5.4. Risk Quotients for Freshwater and Estuarine/Marine Non

- Vascular Plants Exposed to Trinexapac

- ethyl in Surface Water

PRZM/EXAMS
Scenario Method 1 

### Peak EEC (μg/L) Non

- Vascular

Plant RQ (Peak EEC/LC 50 

### )

EC 50 

### = 350 μg/L Freshwater

Vascular Plant RQ (Peak EEC/LC 50 

### )

EC 50 

### = 190 μg/L
Cereals (wheat, barley , triticale, oats)

– Palisade EC and Palisade 2EC at 0.11 lb ai/A

ND Wheat

June 21

– foliar A 0.41 0.001 0.002

ND Wheat

June 21

– foliar G 0.25 0.0007 0.001

ND Wheat

June 21

- chemigation C 0.21 0.0006 0.001

Sugarcane

– Palisade EC and Palisade 2EC at 0.31 lb ai/A

FL Sugarcane

December 03

– foliar A 3.31 0.009 0.02

FL Sugarcane

Dec ember 03

– foliar G 2.98 0.009 0.02

FL Sugarcane

December 03

– chemigation C 2.90 0.008 0.02

LA Sugarcane

December 03

– foliar A 6.63 0.019 0.03

LA Sugarcane

November 26

– foliar A 4.67 0.013 0.02

LA Sugarcane

November 19

– foliar A 4.36 0.012 0.02

LA Sugarcane

November 12

– foliar A 3.70 0.011 0.02

LA Sugarcane

November 05

– foliar A 4.09 0.012 0.02

LA Sugarcane

November 01

– foliar A 3.36 0.010 0.02

LA Sugarcane

December 03

– foliar G 6.24 0.018 0.03

LA Sugarcane

December 03

– chemigation C 6.14 0.018 0.03

Grasses Grown for Seed

– Palisade EC and Palisade 2EC at 0.5 lb ai/A

### 58

PRZM/EXAMS
Scenario Method 1 

### Peak EEC (μg/L) Non

- Vascular

Plant RQ (Peak EEC/LC 50 

### )

EC 50 

### = 350 μg/L Freshwater

Vascular Plant RQ (Peak EEC/LC 50 

### )

EC 50 

### = 190 μg/L

FL Turf (February 15

– foliar) A 1.41 0.004 0.007

FL Turf (February 15

– foliar) G 0.31 0.0009 0.002

FL Turf (February 15

– foliar) C 0.13 0.0004 0.0007

PA Turf (April 15

– foliar) A 1.45 0.004 0.008

PA Turf (April 15

– foliar) G 0.55 0.002 0.003

PA Turf (April 15

– foliar) C 0.37 0.001 0.002

1 

### A = Aerial application, G = Ground application, C = chemigation

5.1.2 Summary of Terrestrial Risk Quotients

5.1.2.1 Avian and M ammalian R isk Q uotient s

Risk quotients were not calculated for acute dietary exposure and acute dose

- based exposure scenarios because the toxicity data were non

- definitive (see section 5.2.2 for a direct comparison of the dietary and oral toxicity data to the EECs). Chronic risks did

not exceed the level of concern for birds of any size consuming any food source for any of the proposed uses (Table 5.5 ) (bobwhite quail

– MRID 41869505)

. A single application of 0.5 lb ai/A of Palisade EC or Palisade 2EC to grasses grown for seed produced the hig hest chronic risk quotient (0.60 for short grass), but this was substantially lower than the level of concern of 1.

### 59

Table 5. 5 . Summary of Avian Chronic Risk Quotients for Trinexapac

- ethyl for Foliar Applications
Risk Quotients Based on Kenaga Upper
Bound EEC Chronic Dietary

- Based Risk Quotients

Palisade EC and Palisade 2EC on Cereals 1



### – single applicatio n at 0.11 lb ai/A Short grass 0.13 Tall grass 0.06 Broadleaf plants/small insects 0.07 Fruits/pods/seeds/l g insects 0.01
Palisade EC and Palisade 2EC on Sugarcane

– single application at 0.31 lb ai/A
Short grass 0.37 Tall grass 0.17 Broadleaf plants/small insects 0.21 Fruits/pods/seeds/lg insects 0.02
Palisade EC and Palisade 2EC on Grasses Grown for See d

– single application at 0.5

lb ai/A Short grass 0.60 Tall grass 0.28 Broadleaf plants/small insects 0.34 Fruits/pods/seeds/lg insects 0.04

1 

### Winter wheat, spring wheat, durum wheat, winter barley, spring barley, oats, triticale

For mammals, n o leve ls of concern were exceeded for acute (rat

– MRID 41563908) or chronic (rat

– MRID 43128604) dose

- based risk quotients or chronic dietary

- based risk quotients for any of the proposed new uses for trinexapac

- ethyl (Table 5.6) . At t he highest application ra te (0.5 lb ai/A of Palisade EC or Palisade 2EC), acute dose

- based risk quot ients ranged from < 0.01 to 0.01 , and did not exceed the level of concern of 0.1 for acute risk to listed species. Likewise, c hronic dose

- based (<0.01 to 0.09 ) and chronic dietary

- based (<0.01 to 0.01) risk quotients for the highest application rate did not exceed

the chronic level of concern of 1.

### 60

Table 5.6

. Summary of Mammalian Acute and Chronic Risk Quotients (RQs) for Trinexapac

- ethyl for Foliar/Soil Applications
Risk Quoti ents
Based on Kenaga Upper Bound EEC Dose

- Based RQs Chronic Dietary

Based RQs 15 g 35 g 1000 g

Acute Chronic Acute Chronic Acute Chronic

Palisade EC and Palisade 2EC on Cereals 1



### – single application at 0.11 lb ai/A
Short grass <0.01 0.02 <0.01 0.02 <0.01 0.01 <0.01 Tall grass <0.01 0.01 <0.01 0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01

Broadleaf plants/small insects <0.01 0.01 <0.01 0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 Fruits/pods/seeds/lg

insects <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01

Granivores <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01

- Palisade EC and Palisade 2EC on Sugarcane

– single application at 0.31 lb ai/A
Short grass 0.01 0.05 0.01 0.05 <0.01 0.02 0.01 Tall grass <0.01 0.02 <0.01 0.02 <0.01 0.01 <0.01

Broadleaf plants/small insects <0.01 0.03 <0.01 0.03 <0.01 0.01 <0. 01 Fruits/pods/seeds/lg

insects <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01

Granivores <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01

- Palisade EC and Palisade 2EC on Grasses Grown for Seed

– single application at 0.5 lb ai/A Short grass 0.01 0.09 0.01 0.07 0.01 0 .04 0.01 Tall grass 0.01 0.04 <0.01 0.03 <0.01 0.02 <0.01

Broadleaf plants/small insects 0.01 0.05 0.01 0.04 <0.01 0.02 0.01 Fruits/pods/seeds/lg

insects <0.01 0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01

Granivores <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01

- 1 

### Winter wheat, spring wheat, durum wheat, winter barley, spring barley, oats, triticale

5.1.2.2 Plant Risk Quotients

Six different application scenarios were evaluated using TerrPlant: single aerial/chemigation applications of Palisade EC or Palisade 2EC at 0.11, 0.31 , and 0.5 lb

ai/A , and single ground applications of Palisade EC or Palisade 2EC at 0.11, 0.31 , and

0.5 lb ai/A. The level of conce rn was exceeded for listed semi

- aquatic monocots and

dicots at a pplication rates of 0.31 and 0.5 lb ai/A of Palisa de EC or Palisade 2EC (aerial, chemig ation, and ground applications)

. In addition, the level of concern was exceeded

for non

- listed dicots at application rates of 0.5 lb ai/A (aerial, chemigation, ground applications). Risk quotients ranged from < 0.01 t o 0.64 for aerial/chemigation applications at 0.11 lb ai/A, < 0.01 to 0.60 for ground applications at 0.1 1 lb ai/A, <0.01 to 1.81 for aerial/chemigatio n applications at 0.31 lb ai/A, <0.01 to 1.68 for grou nd

### 61

applications at 0.31 lb ai/A , <0.01 to 2.93 for aerial/chemigation applications at 0.5 lb ai/A, and <0.01 to 2.71 for ground applications at 0.5 lb ai/A (Table 5.7)

.

Table 5.7

. Summary of Risk Quotient Values for Plants in Dry and Semi

- Aquatic Areas Exposed to Trinexapac

- et hyl through Runoff and/or Spray Drift
Plant Type Listed Status Dry Semi

- Aquatic Spray Drift

Palisade EC and Palisade 2EC on Cereals

– single aerial/chemigation application at

0.11 lb ai/A 1



### Monocot non

- listed <0.1 0.20 <0.1

Monocot listed 0.12 0.64 0.13

Dicot non

- listed <0.1 0.28 <0.1

Dicot listed 0.12 0.64 <0.1

Palisade EC and Palisade 2EC on Cereals

– single ground application at 0.11 lb ai/A 1



### Monocot non

- listed <0.1 0.19 <0.1

Monocot listed <0.1 0.60 <0.1

Dicot non

- listed <0.1 0.26 <0.1

Dicot li sted <0.1 0.60 <0.1
Palisade EC and Palisade 2EC on Sugarcane

– single aerial/chemigation application
at 0.31 lb ai/A

Monocot non

- listed 0.10 0.57 <0.1

Monocot listed 0.33 1.81 + 

### 0.36

Dicot non

- listed 0.14 0.78 <0.1

Dicot listed 0.33 1.81 + 

### 0.16

Palisa de EC and Palisade 2EC on Sugarcane

– single ground application at 0.31 lb

ai/A

Monocot non

- listed <0.1 0.53 <0.1

Monocot listed 0.20 1.68 + 

### <0.1

Dicot non

- listed <0.1 0.72 <0.1

Dicot listed 0.20 1.68 + 

### <0.1

Palisade EC and Palisade 2EC on Grasses Grown for Seed

– single aerial/chemigation application at 0.5 lb ai/A

Monocot non

- listed 0.17 0.91 <0.1

Monocot listed 0.53 2.93 + 

### 0.59

Dicot non

- listed 0.23 1.25 + 

### 0.11

Dicot listed 0.53 2.93 + 

### 0.27 Palisade EC and Palisade 2EC on Grasses Grown for Seed

– si ngle ground application
at 0.5 lb ai/A

Monocot non

- listed <0.1 0.85 <0.1

Monocot listed 0.32 2.71 + 

### 0.12

Dicot non

- listed 0.14 1.16 + 

### <0.1

Dicot listed 0.32 2.71 + 

### <0.1

+ 

### Exceeds LOC of 1.

1 

### Spring wheat, winter wheat, durum wheat, winter barley, spring ba rley, oats, triticale

### 62

5.1.2.3 Non

- t arget Insect R isk Q uotient s

Currently, EFED does not routinely quantify potential risks of pesticides on non

- listed

terrestrial non

- target adult insects. B ased on the data submitted on h oney bee toxicity (MRID 41563928) , t

rinexapac

- ethyl is practically non

- toxic to honey bees (LD 50 

### = 47μg /bee on an acute contact exposure ba sis ).

5.2 Risk Description

The results of this screening

- level risk assessment indicate that the proposed new uses fo r

t rinexapac

- ethyl have the potential to cause direct adverse effects on listed terrestrial plants and non

- listed dicot terrestrial plants, only

. All species that depend on these plants may be indirectly at risk from the proposed trinexapac

- ethyl uses.

5. 2.1 Risk to Aquatic Organisms

The proposed uses of trinexapac

- ethyl did not exceed any levels of concern for the risk quotients calculated for freshwater (acute and chronic) and estuari ne/marine fish (acute)

. Chronic risk quotients for estuarine/marine fi sh could not be calculated because of an absence of toxicity data ; however freshwater fish toxicity data may be an appropriate surrogate in this case

. A comparison of the acute toxicity values for freshwater and

estuarine/marine fish shows freshwater fish to be more sensitive (LC 50 

### = 35 000 μ g ai/L

for freshwater fish

– MRID 41869507 ; LC 50 

### = 180 000 μ g ai/L for estuarine/marine fish

– MRID 41869510 ). Assuming the same sensitivity pattern applies to chronic risks as well, using the chronic freshwater fish ri sk quotient as a surrogate for a chronic estuarine/marine fish risk quotient should be protective. Chronic risk quotients for

freshwater fish are very low (maximum RQ = 0.013), thus indicating a low potential for

chronic risk s to estuarine/marine species as well.

Risk quotients for acute risk to estuarine/marine invertebrates (mysid shrimp) did not exceed the levels of concern for the proposed new trinexapac

- ethyl uses. Risk quotients

could not be calculated for acute and chronic risks to freshwater in vertebrates because the toxicity values were non

- definitive. For freshwater invertebrates, the water flea had 48

- hour LC 50 

### of >142500 μg ai /L (MRID 41563906) and a NOAEC of ≥ 2400 μg ai /L (MRID 43128602) . These values are both much greater than the maxim um peak EEC (6.63 μg/L) and maximum 21

- day EEC (5.18 μg/L) for all of the considered scenarios. Chronic risk quotients for mysid shrimp could not be calculated because of an absence of toxicity data; however, freshwater invertebrates may be an appropriate surrogate in this

case. T he freshwater invertebrate data are non

- definitive and indicate that freshwater

invertebrates are less sensitive (LC 50 

### >142500 μg ai/L) than estuarine/marine invertebrates (LC 50 

### 6500 μg ai/L

– MRID 41869508 ) for acute toxicity. Conservatively considering that the freshwater invertebrate LC 50 

### equals 142500 μg ai/L, this value is 22 times higher than the estuarine/marine value of 6500 μg ai/L. Transferring this multiplier to the freshwater invertebrate NOAEC and conservatively ass uming a value of 2400 μg ai/L, a n estimate of an estuarine/marine invertebrate NOAEC can be obtained by dividing 2400 by 22. Thus, an estimated estuarine/marine invertebrate NOAEC of 109 μg ai/L is

### 63

obtained. Comparing this to the maximum 21

- day EEC (5.18 μg ai/L), the estimated NOAEC is higher. Based on this information, risk to freshwater and estuarine/marine invertebrates is likely to be low.

5.2.2 Risk to Terrestrial Animals

Risk quotients for terrestrial wildlife did not exceed the Agency’s levels of concern for

acute dose

- based exposure, acute dietary exposure, or chronic dose

- based exposure, for the proposed label applications. A detailed explanation for risks to mammals can be

found in Section 5.1.2.1.

Risk quotients for birds did not exceed the Agency’s level of concern for chronic dose

based exposure scenarios. The trinexapac

- ethyl dietary acute exposure study did not establish definitive toxicity values for mallard duck o r bobwhite quail, thus risk quotient s for acute dietary exposure were not estimated. In the absence of definitive toxicity values for acute dietary toxicity, the upper

- bound Kenaga EECs estimated by the T

- REX model were compared to the most sensitive LC 50 

### values to characterize the dietary risk to birds.

Since the most con ser vative avian dietary EEC (120 mg/kg

- food item) is well below the dietary toxicity values for birds (>5200 ppm for both mallard duck and bobwhite quail (MRIDs 41563902, 41563903 ), dietary risk from acute exposure to trinexapac

- ethyl falls

below the levels o f concern.

Definitive data also were not available for the avian single dose oral toxicity study. In the absence of definitive toxicity values for acute dose

- based exposure, the upper

- bound Kenaga EECs estimated by the T

- REX model were compared with th e most sensitive

LD 50 

### values to characterize the acute dose

- based risk to birds. The LD 50 

### for the mallard duck was established as >2000 mg ai/kg

- bw (MRID 41563901) . Compared to the highest EEC, 137 mg/kg

- bw, the estimated environmental concentration is n ot likely to approach the LD 50 

### for birds. A detailed explanation of the risks to birds can be found in

Section 5.1.2.1.

An additional point of uncertainty for the bird analysis is the lack of acute toxicity data for passerine birds. In the absence of s uch data, the LD 50 

### that was developed for the mallard duck was assumed to be the most sensitive endpoint. For some chemicals, passerine birds have been demonstrated to be more sensitive, but it is no t possible to predict which chemicals these might be wit hout having passerine

- specific toxicity data. Thus, the use of acute mallard duck data in this risk assessment without the benefit of passerine data for comparison remains an uncertainty.

EFED currently does not quantify risks to terrestrial invertebrate s ; h owever, b ased on honeybee contact toxicity data (MRID 41563928) , the risks to terrestrial insects are expected to be low.

Overall, findings from the current assessment i ndicate that risks to birds

, m ammals , and terrestrial insects are likely to be l ow, based on the proposed new uses for Palisade EC

and Palisade 2EC.

### 64

5.2.3 Risks to Terrestrial Plants

Risk quotients were calculated for terrestrial plants using TerrPlant. Levels o f concern

were exceeded for four of the six scenarios that were modeled: 1) single aerial/chemigation application of 0.31 lb ai/A for listed plants (semi

- aquatic); 2) single ground application of 0.31 lb ai/A for listed plants (semi

- aquatic) ; 3) single aerial/chemigation application of 0.5 lb ai/A for listed plants (semi

- aqua tic) and non

listed dicots (semi

- aquatic) ; and 4) single ground application of 0.5 lb ai/A for listed plants (semi

- aquatic) and non

- listed dicots (semi

- aquatic) . Given that trinexapac

- ethyl interferes with the gibberellin pathway, it is expected that the use of this chemical would present risk to terrestrial plants.

5.2.4 Risks to Aquatic Plants

The risk quotients calculated for the proposed uses of trinexap a c

- ethyl did not exceed any

levels of concern for vascular and non

- vascular aquatic plants. Co nsequently, it is unlikely that the proposed new uses for trinexapac

- ethyl would present risks to aquatic

vascular and non

- vascular plants.

5.3 Listed Species Assessment

To determine whether trinexapac

- ethyl use sites are geographically associated with the known locations of listed species, a screening

- level searc h of the LOCATES (version 2.2 )

database was conducted. The database compared county

- level location data for listed species with county

- level crop productio n data (as available in the 2007 agricult ural census) to identify any coarse overlaps of listed species with the proposed labeled uses of

t rinexapac

- ethyl

. Listed species are t hose that are currently on the f ederal list of endangered and threatened wildlife and plants.

For direct effects, li sted terrestrial plants were considered, since these were the only taxa

to have risk quotients above the listed species level of concern. Indirect effects were determined by assessing the potential for reduction of prey base or habitat modification

of lis ted taxa

. T he screening

- level analysis for trinexapac

- ethyl shows the possibility for

direct effects to listed and non

- listed terrestrial plants. As a result, all listed taxa are potentially at risk because of their potential depend ence on plants for food and habitat

modification (Table 5.8 ) . A complete list of all of listed species that may occupy proposed use areas of trinexapac

- ethyl is included in Appendix F

.

### 65

Table 5.8 . Listed Species Risks Associated with the Proposed New Uses for Trinexapac

Ethyl

Listed Taxa Direct Effects 1 

### Indirect Effects 2



### Terrestrial and semi

- aquatic plants

– monocots and dicots Yes Yes

Birds No Yes

Terrestrial

- phase amphibians No Yes

Reptiles No Yes

Mammals No Yes
Aquatic plants No Yes

Freshwa ter fish No Yes
Aquatic

- phase amphibians No Yes

Freshwater invertebrates No Yes

Mollusks No Yes

Marine/estuarine fish No Yes

Marine/estuarine invertebrates No Yes

Terrestrial invertebrates No Yes

1 

### The Agency’s Level of Concern was exceeded for t err estrial plants

. 2 

### Indirect effects to a listed species occur when its food source is reduced or habitat is

modified.

5.3.1 Direct and Indirect Effects

The current assessment suggests that the proposed use s of t rinexapac

- ethyl have the potential to cause d irect adverse effects to listed semi

- aquatic terrestrial plants and non

listed terrestrial dicots

. The se concerns are s upported by available laboratory toxicology

data and risk quotient calculations. Trinexapac

- ethyl use could result in the loss of the above species (adverse effects on survival, growth, and reproduction ), which could result in structural and functional changes of both the aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems. Changes may be manifested in the form of disruption of food chain and reduced biodiversity.

Plants are an important food source for aquatic and terrestrial organisms. P rolonged
exposure to t rinexapac

- ethyl and associated disruption of plant communities may have the potential to adversely affect the growth, repro duction, and abundance of other organisms which rely on them for food, habitat, and other resources. Likewise, the loss or reduction in abundance of certain plant species may affect an ecosystem’s biodiversity. Biodiversity often acts as a buffer and can help to ensure that ecosystems su rvive changes

in structure and function

. C hange s that affect a particular species, especially those that

cause extinction, could ripple throughout an ecosystem, causing changes that affect many other species. T he potenti al loss of a given species may cause indirect effects to other

### 66

organisms

, such as loss of productivity and stability

, and lead to multiple complex

imbalances in an ecosystem

. For example, a reduction in a particular semi

- aquatic plant

could cause a reduct ion in the population of insect larvae that feed on it. In turn, there will be a reduced amount of insect larvae for fish, amphibians, and other organisms. These negative effects will travel up the food chain and could cause adverse effects to higher

- lev el organisms such as larger fish, mammals, birds, and amphibians.

### 67



## Appendix A . PRZM/EXAMS Outputs for T rinexapac

- ethyl
Representative PRZM/EXAM Output: Louisiana Sugarcane

– Aerial Application

### 68



### Appendix B

. Total Toxic Residue (TTR) Calculations

1. Aq ueous Photolysis: MRID 46809302

### 69



### 2. Aerobic Soil Metabolism: MRID 46809303

### 70

### 71

### 72

### 73



### 3. Aerobic Aquatic Metabolism: MRID 46809304

### 74

### 75

### 76



### 4. Anaerobic Aquatic Metabolism: MRID 48043 712

### 77

### 78

### 79



## Appendix C

. Avian and Mammalian Risk Quotient Calculations for

T rinexapac

- ethyl

Palisade EC and Palisade 2EC on Cereals

– single application at 0.11 lb ai/A

Summary of Risk Quotient Calculations Based on Upper Bo und Kenaga EECs

Upper Bound Kenaga, Acute Avian Dose

- Based Risk Quotients

Size
Class (grams) Adjusted

LD50 EECs and RQs

Short Grass Tall Grass Broadleaf Plants/
Small Insects Fruits/Pods/

Seeds/ Large Insects Granivore

EEC RQ EEC RQ EEC RQ EEC RQ EEC RQ

20

- 30.07 N/A 13.78 N/A 16.91 N/A 1.88 N/A 0.42 N/A

100

- 17.15 N/A 7.86 N/A 9.64 N/A 1.07 N/A 0.24 N/A

1000

- 7.68 N/A 3.52 N/A 4.32 N/A 0.48 N/A 0.11 N/A

Upper Bound Kenaga, Sub

- acute Avian Dietary Based Risk Quotient s

LC50 EECs and RQs

Short Grass Tall Grass Broadleaf
Plants/
Small Insects Fruits/Pods/

Seeds/ Large Insects

EEC RQ EEC RQ EEC RQ EEC RQ

0 26.4 N/A 12.10 N/A 14.85 N/A 1.65 N/A

Size class not used for dietary risk quoti ents

Upper Bound Kenaga, Chronic Avian Dietary Based Risk Quotients

NOAEC (ppm) EECs and RQs

### 80 Short Grass Tall Grass Broadleaf
Plants/
Small Insects Fruits/Pods/

Seeds/ Large Insects

EEC RQ EEC RQ EEC RQ EEC RQ

200 26.4 0.13 12.10 0.06 14.85 0.07 1.65 0.01

Size class not used for dietary risk quotients

Upper Bound Kenaga, Acute Mammalian Dose

- Based Risk Quotients

Size
Class (grams) Adjusted

LD50 EECs and RQs

Short Grass Tall Grass Broadleaf Plants/
Small Insects Fruits/Pods/

Seeds/ Large Insects Granivore

EEC RQ EEC RQ EEC RQ EEC RQ EEC RQ

15 9257 25.17 <0.01 11.54 <0.01 14.16 <0.01 1.57 <0.01 0.35 <0.01

35 7490 17.40 <0.01 7.97 <0.01 9.79 <0.01 1 .09 <0.01 0.24 <0.01

1000 3240 4.03 <0.01 1.85 <0.01 2.27 <0.01 0.25 <0.01 0.06 <0.01

Upper Bound Kenaga, Acute Mammalian Dietary Based Risk Quotients

LC50 (ppm) EECs and RQs

Short Grass Ta ll Grass Broadleaf
Plants/
Small Insects Fruits/Pods/

Seeds/ Large Insects

EEC RQ EEC RQ EEC RQ EEC RQ

0 26.4 N/A 12.10 N/A 14.85 N/A 1.65 N/A

Size class not used for dietary risk quotients

Upper Bound Kenaga, Chronic Mammalian Dietary Based Risk Quotients

NOAEC (ppm) EECs and RQs

Short Grass Tall Grass Broadleaf
Plants/
Small Insects Fruits/Pods/

Seeds/ Large Insects

EEC RQ EEC RQ EEC RQ EEC RQ

1188 0 26.4 <0.01 12.10 <0.01 14.85 <0.01 1.65 <0.01
Size class not used for dietary risk quotients

### 81 Upper Bound Kenaga, Chronic Mammalian Dose

- Based Risk Quotients

Size
Class (grams) Adjusted

NOAEL EECs and RQs

Short Grass Tall Grass Broadleaf Plants/
Small Insects Fruits/Pods/

Seeds/ Large Insects Granivore

EEC RQ EEC RQ EEC RQ EEC RQ EEC RQ

15 1305 25.17 0.02 11.54 0.01 14.16 0.01 1.57 <0.01 0.35 <0.01

35 1056 17.40 0.02 7.97 0.01 9.79 0.01 1.09 <0.01 0.24 <0.01

1000 457 4.03 0.01 1.85 <0.01 2.27 <0.01 0.25 <0.01 0.06 <0.01



### Palisade EC and Palisade 2EC on Cereals

– single application at 0.3 1 lb ai/A

Summary of Risk Quotient Calculations Based on Upper Bound Kenaga EECs

Upper Bound Kenaga, Acute Avian Dose

- Based Risk Quotients

Size
Class (grams) Adjusted

LD50 EECs and RQs

Short Grass Tall Grass Broadleaf Plants/
Small Insects Fruits/Pods/
Seeds/ Large Insects Granivore

EEC RQ EEC RQ EEC RQ EEC RQ EEC RQ

20

- 84.73 N/A 38.84 N/A 47.66 N/A 5.30 N/A 1.18 N/A

100

- 48.32 N/A 22.15 N/A 27.18 N/A 3.02 N/A 0.67 N/A

1000

- 21.63 N/A 9.92 N/A 12.17 N/A 1.35 N/A 0.30 N/A

Upper Bound Kenaga, Sub

- acute Avian Dietary Based Risk Quotients

LC50 EECs and RQ s

Short Grass Tall Grass Broadleaf
Plants/
Small

Insects Fruits/Pods/
Seeds/ Large Insects

EEC RQ EEC RQ EEC RQ EEC RQ

0 74.40 N/A 34.10 N/A 41.85 N/A 4.65 N/A

Size class not used for dietary risk quotients

### 82 Upper Bound Kenaga, Chronic Avian Dietary Based Risk Quotients

NOAEC (ppm) EECs and RQs

Short Grass Tall Grass Broadleaf
Plants/
Small

Insects Fruits/Pods/
Seeds/ Large Insects

EEC RQ EEC RQ EEC RQ EEC RQ

200 74. 40 0.37 34.10 0.17 41.85 0.21 4.65 0.02

Size class not used for dietary risk quotients

Upper Bound Kenaga, Acute Mammalian Dose

- Based Risk Quotients

Size
Class (grams) Adjusted

LD50 EECs and RQs

Short Grass Tal l Grass Broadleaf Plants/
Small Insects Fruits/Pods/
Seeds/ Large Insects Granivore

EEC RQ EEC RQ EEC RQ EEC RQ EEC RQ

15 9257 70.93 0.01 32.51 <0.01 39.90 <0.01 4.43 <0.01 0.99 <0.01

35 7490 49.03 0.01 22.47 <0.01 27.58 <0.01 3.06 <0.01 0.68 <0.01

1 000 3240 11.37 <0.01 5.21 <0.01 6.39 <0.01 0.71 <0.01 0.16 <0.01

Upper Bound Kenaga, Acute Mammalian Dietary Based Risk Quotients

LC50 (ppm) EECs and RQs

Short Grass Tall Grass Broadleaf

Pla nts/
Small

Insects Fruits/Pods/
Seeds/ Large Insects

EEC RQ EEC RQ EEC RQ EEC RQ

0 74.40 N/A 34.10 N/A 41.85 N/A 4.65 N/A

Size class not used for dietary risk quotients

Table X. Upper Bound Kenaga, Chronic Mammalian Dietary Based Risk Quotients

NOAEC EECs and RQs

### 83

(ppm)

Short Grass Tall Grass Broadleaf
Plants/
Small

Insects Fruits/Pods/
Seeds/ Large Insects

EEC RQ EEC RQ EEC RQ EEC RQ

11880 74.40 0.0 1 34.10 <0.01 41.85 <0.01 4.65 <0.01
Size class not used for dietary risk quotients

Upper Bound Kenaga, Chronic Mammalian Dose

- Based Risk Quotients

Size
Class (grams) Adjusted
NOAEL EECs and RQs

Short Grass Tal l Grass Broadleaf Plants/
Small Insects Fruits/Pods/
Seeds/ Large Insects Granivore

EEC RQ EEC RQ EEC RQ EEC RQ EEC RQ

15 1305 70.93 0.05 32.51 0.02 39.90 0.03 4.43 <0.01 0.99 <0.01

35 1056 49.03 0.05 22.47 0.02 27.58 0.03 3.06 <0.01 0.68 <0.01

1000 457 11.37 0.02 5.21 0.01 6.39 0.01 0.71 <0.01 0.16 <0.01



### Palisad e EC and Palisade 2EC on Grasses Grown for Seed

– single application at 0.5

lb ai/A

Summary of Risk Quotient Calculations Based on Upper Bound Kenaga EECs

Upper B ound Kenaga, Acute Avian Dose

- Based Risk Quotients

Size
Class (grams) Adjusted

LD50 EECs and RQs

Short Grass Tall Grass Broadleaf
Plants/
Small Insects Fruits/Pods/

Seeds/ Large Insects Granivore

EEC RQ EEC RQ EEC RQ EEC RQ EEC RQ

20 0.00 136.67 N /A 62.64 N/A 76.88 N/A 8.54 N/A 1.90 N/A

100 0.00 77.93 N/A 35.72 N/A 43.84 N/A 4.87 N/A 1.08 N/A

1000 0.00 34.89 N/A 15.99 N/A 19.63 N/A 2.18 N/A 0.48 N/A

### 84

Upper Bound Kenaga, Subacute Avian Dietary Based Risk Quotients

LC50 EECs and RQs

Short Grass Tall Grass Broadleaf
Plants/
Small Insects Fruits/Pods/

Seeds/ Large Insects

EEC RQ EEC RQ EEC RQ EEC RQ

0 120.00 N/A 55.00 N/A 67.50 N/A 7.50 N/A

Size class not used for dietary risk quotients

Upper Boun d Kenaga, Chronic Avian Dietary Based Risk Quotients

NOAEC (ppm) EECs and RQs

Short Grass Tall Grass Broadleaf
Plants/
Small Insects Fruits/Pods/

Seeds/ Large Insects

EEC RQ EEC RQ EEC RQ EEC RQ

200 120.00 0.60 55.00 0.28 67.50 0.34 7.50 0.04

Size class not used for dietary risk quotients

Upper Bound Kenaga, Acute Mammalian Dose

- Based Risk Quotients

Size Class (grams) Adjusted

LD50 EECs and RQs

Short Grass Tall Grass Broadleaf
Plants/
Small Insects Fruits/Pods/

Seeds/ Large Insects Granivore

EEC RQ EEC RQ EEC RQ EEC RQ EEC RQ

15 9257.26 114.41 0.01 52.44 0.01 64.36 0.01 7.15 <0.01 1.59 <0.01

35 7490.11 79.07 0.01 36.24 <0.01 44.48 0.01 4.94 <0.01 1.10 <0.01

1000 3239.70 18.33 0.01 8.40 <0.01 10.31 <0.01 1.1 5 <0.01 0.25 <0.01

### 85

Upper Bound Kenaga, Acute Mammalian Dietary Based Risk Quotients

LC50 (ppm) EECs and RQs

Short Grass Tall Grass Broadleaf
Plants/
Small Insects Fruits/Pods/

Seeds/ Large Insects

EEC RQ EEC RQ EE C RQ EEC RQ

0 120.00 N/A 55.00 N/A 67.50 N/A 7.50 N/A

Size class not used for dietary risk quotients

Upper Bound Kenaga, Chronic Mammalian Dietary Based Risk Quotients

NOAEC (ppm) EECs and RQs

Short Grass Tall Grass Broadleaf
Plants/
Small Insects Fruits/Pods/

Seeds/ Large Insects

EEC RQ EEC RQ EEC RQ EEC RQ

11880 120.00 0.01 55.00 <0.01 67.50 0.01 7.50 <0.01

Size class not used for dietary risk quotients

Upper Bound Kenaga, Chron ic Mammalian Dose

- Based Risk Quotients

Size Class (grams) Adjusted

NOAEL EECs and RQs

Short Grass Tall Grass Broadleaf
Plants/
Small Insects Fruits/Pods/

Seeds/ Large Insects Granivore

EEC RQ EEC RQ EEC RQ EEC RQ EEC RQ

15 1305.51 114.41 0.09 52.44 0.04 64.36 0.05 7.15 0.01 1.59 <0.01

35 1056.30 79.07 0.07 36.24 0.03 44.48 0.04 4.94 <0.01 1.10 <0.01

1000 456.88 18.33 0.04 8.40 0.02 10.31 0.02 1.15 <0.01 0.25 <0.01

### 86



## Appendix D

. Terrestrial Plant Risk Quotient Calculations for Trinexapac

- ethyl

Palisade EC and Palisade 2EC on Cereals

– single ground application at 0.11 lb ai/A

Input parameters used to derive EECs.

Input Parameter Symbol Value (user inputs) Units

Application Rate A 0.11 Incorporation I 1 none
Runof f Fraction R 0.05 none

Drift Fraction D 0.01 none

EECs for Trinexapac

- ethyl. Units in .

Description Equation EEC

Runoff to dry areas (A/I)*R 0.0055

Runoff to semi

- aquatic areas (A/I)*R*10 0.055
Spray drift A*D 0.0011

Total for dry areas ((A/I)*R)+(A*D) 0.0066

Total for semi

- aquatic areas ((A/I)*R*10)+(A*D) 0.0561

Plant survival and growth data used for RQ derivation. Units are in . All values are user inputs

Seedling Emergence Vegetative Vigor
Plant type EC25 NOAEC EC25 NOAEC

Monocot 0.301 0.094 0.294 0.0425

Dicot 0.22 0.094 0.267 0.085

RQ values for plants in dry and semi

- aquatic areas exposed to Trinexapac

- ethyl through runoff and/or spray
drift.*

Plant Type Listed Status Dry Semi

- Aqua tic Spray Drift

Monocot non

- listed <0.1 0.19 <0.1

Monocot listed <0.1 0.60 <0.1

Dicot non

- listed <0.1 0.26 <0.1

Dicot listed <0.1 0.60 <0.1

*If RQ > 1.0, the LOC is exceeded, resulting in potential for risk to that plant group.



### Palisade EC and Pali sade 2EC on Cereals

– single aerial/chemigation application at

0.11 lb ai/A

Input parameters used to derive EECs.

Input Parameter Symbol Value (user inputs) Units

Application Rate A 0.11 Incorporation I 1 none
Runoff Fraction R 0.05 none

Drift Fraction D 0.05 none

### 87

EECs for Trinexapac

- ethyl. Units in .

Description Equation EEC

Runoff to dry areas (A/I)*R 0.0055

Runoff to semi

- aquatic areas (A/I)*R*10 0.055
Spray drift A*D 0.0055
Total for dry areas ((A/I)*R)+(A *D) 0.011

Total for semi

- aquatic areas ((A/I)*R*10)+(A*D) 0.0605

Plant survival and growth data used for RQ derivation. Units are in . All values are user inputs

Seedling Emergence Vegetative Vigor
Plant type EC25 NOAEC EC25 NOAEC

M onocot 0.301 0.094 0.294 0.0425

Dicot 0.22 0.094 0.267 0.085

RQ values for plants in dry and semi

- aquatic areas exposed to Trinexapac

- ethyl through runoff and/or spray
drift.*

Plant Type Listed Status Dry Semi

- Aquatic Spray Drift

Monocot no n

- listed <0.1 0.20 <0.1

Monocot listed 0.12 0.64 0.13

Dicot non

- listed <0.1 0.28 <0.1

Dicot listed 0.12 0.64 <0.1

*If RQ > 1.0, the LOC is exceeded, resulting in potential for risk to that plant group.



### Palisad e EC and Palisade 2EC on Sugarcane

– sin gle ground application at 0.3 1 lb
ai/A

Input parameters used to derive EECs.

Input Parameter Symbol Value (user inputs) Units

Application Rate A 0.31 Incorporation I 1 none
Runoff Fraction R 0.05 none

Drift Fraction D 0.01 none

EECs for Trinexapac

- ethyl. Units in .

Description Equation EEC

Runoff to dry areas (A/I)*R 0.0155

Runoff to semi

- aquatic areas (A/I)*R*10 0.155
Spray drift A*D 0.0031
Total for dry areas ((A/I)*R)+(A*D) 0.0186

Total for semi

- aquatic areas ((A/I)*R*10)+(A*D) 0.1581

### 88

Plant survival and growth data used for RQ derivation. Units are in . All values are user inputs

Seedling Emergence Vegetative Vigor
Plant type EC25 NOAEC EC25 NOAEC

Monocot 0.301 0.094 0.294 0.0425

Dic ot 0.22 0.094 0.267 0.085

RQ values for plants in dry and semi

- aquatic areas exposed to Trinexapac

- ethyl through runoff and/or spray
drift.*

Plant Type Listed Status Dry Semi

- Aquatic Spray Drift

Monocot non

- listed <0.1 0.53 <0.1

Monocot lis ted 0.20 1.68 <0.1

Dicot non

- listed <0.1 0.72 <0.1

Dicot listed 0.20 1.68 <0.1

*If RQ > 1.0, the LOC is exceeded, resulting in potential for risk to that plant group.



### Palisad e EC and Palisade 2EC on Sugarcane

– single aerial application at 0.3 1 lb

ai /A

Input parameters used to derive EECs.

Input Parameter Symbol Value (user inputs) Units

Application Rate A 0.31 Incorporation I 1 none
Runoff Fraction R 0.05 none

Drift Fraction D 0.05 none

EECs for Trinexapac

- ethyl. Unit s in .

Description Equation EEC

Runoff to dry areas (A/I)*R 0.0155

Runoff to semi

- aquatic areas (A/I)*R*10 0.155
Spray drift A*D 0.0155 Total for dry areas ((A/I)*R)+(A*D) 0.031

Total for semi

- aquatic areas ((A/I)*R*10)+(A*D) 0.1705

Plant survival and growth data used for RQ derivation. Units are in . All values are user inputs

Seedling Emergence Vegetative Vigor
Plant type EC25 NOAEC EC25 NOAEC

Monocot 0.301 0.094 0.294 0.0425

Dicot 0.22 0.094 0.267 0.085

### 89

RQ values for plants in dry and semi

- aquatic areas exposed to Trinexapac

- ethyl through runoff and/or spray
drift.*

Plant Type Listed Status Dry Semi

- Aquatic Spray Drift

Monocot non

- listed 0.10 0.57 <0.1

Monocot listed 0.33 1.81 0.36

Dicot non

- liste d 0.14 0.78 <0.1

Dicot listed 0.33 1.81 0.16

*If RQ > 1.0, the LOC is exceeded, resulting in potential for risk to that plant group.



### Palisad e EC and Palisade 2EC on Grasses Grown for Seed

– single ground application at 0.5 lb ai/A

Input parameters u sed to derive EECs.

Input Parameter Symbol Value (user inputs) Units

Application Rate A 0.5 Incorporation I 1 none
Runoff Fraction R 0.05 none

Drift Fraction D 0.01 none

EECs for Trinexapac

- ethyl.

Description Equation EEC

Runoff to dry areas (A/I)*R 0.025

Runoff to semi

- aquatic areas (A/I)*R*10 0.25 Spray drift A*D 0.005
Total for dry areas ((A/I)*R)+(A*D) 0.03

Total for semi

- aquatic areas ((A/I)*R*10)+(A*D) 0.255

Plant survival and growth data used for RQ derivation.
Seedling Emergence Vegetative Vigor
Plant type EC25 NOAEC EC25 NOAEC

Monocot 0.301 0.094 0.294 0.0425

Dicot 0.22 0.094 0.267 0.085

### 90

RQ values for plants in dry and semi

- aquatic areas exposed to Trinexapac

- ethyl through runoff and/or spray
drift.*

Plant Type Listed Status Dry Semi

- Aquatic Spray Drift

Monocot non

- listed <0.1 0.85 <0.1

Monocot listed 0.32 2.71 0.12

Dicot non

- listed 0.14 1.16 <0.1

Dicot listed 0.32 2.71 <0.1

*If RQ > 1.0, the LOC is exceeded , resulting in potential for risk to that plant group.



### Palisad e EC and Palisade 2EC on Grasses Grown for Seed

– single aerial/chemigation application at 0.5 lb ai/A

Input parameters used to derive EECs.

Input Parameter Symbol Value (user inputs) Uni ts
Application Rate A 0.5 Incorporation I 1 none
Runoff Fraction R 0.05 none

Drift Fraction D 0.05 none

EECs for Trinexapac

- ethyl. Units in .

Description Equation EEC

Runoff to dry areas (A/I)*R 0.025

Runoff to semi

- aq uatic areas (A/I)*R*10 0.25 Spray drift A*D 0.025
Total for dry areas ((A/I)*R)+(A*D) 0.05

Total for semi

- aquatic areas ((A/I)*R*10)+(A*D) 0.275

Plant survival and growth data used for RQ derivation.
Seedling Emergence Vegetative Vigor
Plant type EC25 NOAEC EC25 NOAEC

Monocot 0.301 0.094 0.294 0.0425

Dicot 0.22 0.094 0.267 0.085

### 91

RQ values for plants in dry and semi

- aquatic areas exposed to Trinexapac

- ethyl through runoff and/or spray
drift.*

Plant Type Listed S tatus Dry Semi

- Aquatic Spray Drift

Monocot non

- listed 0.17 0.91 <0.1

Monocot listed 0.53 2.93 0.59

Dicot non

- listed 0.23 1.25 0.11

Dicot listed 0.53 2.93 0.27

*If RQ > 1.0, the LOC is exceeded, resulting in potential for risk to that plant group.

### 92



## Appendix E

. Risk Quotient Method and Levels of Concern

The Risk Quotient Method is the means by which the Environmental Fate and Effects Division (EFED) integrates the results of exposure and ecotoxicity data. In this method,

both a cute and chronic risk quotients (RQs) are calculated by dividing exposure estimates by the most sensitive ecotoxi city values derived from the studies. Calculated RQs are then compared to OPP's levels of concern (LOCs). The LOCs are the criteria used by

O PP to indicate potential risk to non

- target organisms and the need to consider regulatory

action. EFED has defined LOCs for acute risk, potential restricted use, and for listed species. Risk presumptions, along with the corresponding RQs and LOCs are

sum marized in the table below.

Levels of Concern for Assessed Taxa

Risk Presumption RQ LOC

Birds

Acute Risk EEC/LC 50 

### or LD 50 

### /sqft or LD 50 

### /day 0.5

Acute Restricted Use EEC/LC 50 

### or LD 50 

### /sqft or LD 50 

### /day (or LD 50 

### < 50 mg/kg) 0.2

Acute Listed Species EEC/ LC 50 

### or LD 50 

### /sqft or LD 50 

### /day 0.1

Chronic Risk EEC/NOAEC 1

Mammals

Acute Risk EEC/LC 50 

### or LD 50 

### /sqft or LD 50 

### /day 0.5

Acute Restricted Use EEC/LC 50 

### or LD 50 

### /sqft or LD 50 

### /day (or LD 50 

### < 50 mg/kg) 0.2

Acute Listed Species EEC/LC 50 

### or LD 50 

### /sqft or LD 50 

### / day 0.1

Chronic Risk EEC/NOAEC 1

Aquatic Animals

Acute Risk EEC/LC 50 

### or EC 50 

### 0.5

Acute Restricted Use EEC/LC 50 

### or EC 50 

### 0.1

Acute Listed Species EEC/LC 50 

### or EC 50 

### 0.05

Chronic Risk EEC/NOAEC 1

Terrestrial and Semi

- Aquatic Plants

Acute Risk E EC/EC 25 

### 1

Acute Listed Species EEC/EC 05 

### or NOAEC 1

Aquatic Plants

### 93 Risk Presumption RQ LOC

Acute Risk EEC/EC 50 

### 1

Acute Listed Species EEC/EC 05 

### or NOAEC 1

### 94



## Appendix F

. Listed Species Directly or Indirectly Affected by Proposed

Uses

Name S cientific Name Status Medium State Taxon

Amphianthus,

Little Amphianthus pusillus T Wetland Alabama Dicot

Bankclimber, Purple Elliptoideus sloatianus T Freshwater Alabama Bivalve

Barbara Buttons,

Mohr's Marshallia mohrii T Wetland Alabama Dicot

Bat, Gr ay Myotis grisescens E Terrestrial,

Subterraneous Alabama Mammal

Bat, Indiana Myotis sodalis E Terrestrial,

Subterraneous Alabama Mammal

Bladderpod,
Lyrate Lesquerella lyrata T Unattributed

Wetland

Status Alabama Dicot

Bulrush,

Northeastern (=Barbed Bri stle) Scirpus ancistrochaetus E Wetland Alabama Monocot

Butterfly, Mitchell's Satyr Neonympha mitchellii

mitchellii E Terrestrial,

Perm. wetland Alabama Insect

Campeloma,

Slender Campeloma decampi E Freshwater Alabama Gastropod

Cavefish,

Alabama Speopla tyrhinus

poulsoni E Freshwater Alabama Fish

Chaffseed,

American Schwalbea americana E Wetland Alabama Dicot

Chub, Spotfin Erimonax monachus T Freshwater Alabama Fish

Clover, Leafy

Prairie Dalea foliosa E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Alabama Dicot

Combsh ell,

Southern (=Penitent mussel) Epioblasma penita E Freshwater Alabama Bivalve

### 95 Name S cientific Name Status Medium State Taxon

Darter, Boulder Etheostoma wapiti E Freshwater Alabama Fish

Darter, Goldline Percina aurolineata T Freshwater Alabama Fish

Darter,

Slackwater Etheostoma boschungi T Freshwat er Alabama Fish

Darter, Snail Percina tanasi T Freshwater Alabama Fish

Dragonfly, Hine's

Emerald Somatochlora hineana E Terrestrial,

Freshwater Alabama Insect
Elimia, Lacy Elimia crenatella T Freshwater Alabama Gastropod

Fanshell Cyprogenia stegaria E Freshwater Alabama Bivalve

Fern, Alabama

Streak

- sorus Thelypteris pilosa var.

alabamensis T Unattributed

Wetland

Status Alabama Ferns

Fern, American

hart's

- tongue Asplenium

scolopendrium var.

americanum T Unattributed

Wetland

Status Alabama Ferns

Grass,

Tennessee

Yellow

- eyed Xyris tennesseensis E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Alabama Monocot

Harperella Ptilimnium nodosum E Wetland Alabama Dicot

Hornsnail, rough Pleurocera foremani E Freshwater Alabama Gastropod

Kidneyshell, Triangular Ptychobranchus gre enii E Freshwater Alabama Bivalve

Leather

- flower,

Alabama Clematis socialis E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Alabama Dicot

Leather

- flower,

Morefield's Clematis morefieldii E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Alabama Dicot

Manatee, West

Indian Trichechus manatus E Saltwater Alabama Mammal

Mouse, Alabama

Beach Peromyscus polionotus

ammobates E Terrestrial,

Coastal Alabama Mammal

Mouse, Perdido Key Beach Peromyscus polionotus

trissyllepsis E Terrestrial,

Coastal Alabama Mammal

### 96 Name S cientific Name Status Medium State Taxon

Mucket, Orange

nacre Lampsilis perov alis T Freshwater Alabama Bivalve

Mucket, Pink (Pearlymussel) Lampsilis abrupta E Freshwater Alabama Bivalve

Mussel,

Acornshell

Southern Epioblasma

othcaloogensis E Freshwater Alabama Bivalve

Mussel, Alabama

Moccasinshell Medionidus acutissimus T Freshw ater Alabama Bivalve

Mussel, Coosa

Moccasinshell Medionidus parvulus E Freshwater Alabama Bivalve

Mussel,

Cumberland

Combshell Epioblasma brevidens E Freshwater Alabama Bivalve

Mussel, Dark
Pigtoe Pleurobema furvum E Freshwater Alabama Bivalve

Mussel, Fine

lined

Pocketbook Lampsilis altilis T Freshwater Alabama Bivalve

Mussel, Fine

rayed Pigtoe Fusconaia cuneolus E Freshwater Alabama Bivalve

Mussel, Flat
Pigtoe (=Marshall's Mussel) Pleurobema marshalli E Freshwater Alabama Bivalve

Mussel, Georgia
pig toe Pleurobema

hanleyianum E Freshwater Alabama Bivalve

Mussel, Gulf

Moccasinshell Medionidus penicillatus E Freshwater Alabama Bivalve

Mussel, Heavy Pigtoe (=Judge Tait's Mussel) Pleurobema taitianum E Freshwater Alabama Bivalve

Mussel, Heelsplitter

In flated Potamilus inflatus T Freshwater Alabama Bivalve

Mussel, Oval
Pigtoe Pleurobema pyriforme E Freshwater Alabama Bivalve

Mussel, Ovate

Clubshell Pleurobema perovatum E Freshwater Alabama Bivalve

### 97 Name S cientific Name Status Medium State Taxon

Mussel, Ring Pink (=Golf Stick Pearly) Obovaria retusa E Freshwater Alabama Bivalve

Mussel, Rough
Pigtoe Pleurobema plenum E Freshwater Alabama Bivalve

Mussel, Shiny
Pigtoe Fusconaia cor E Freshwater Alabama Bivalve

Mussel, Shiny

rayed

Pocketbook Lampsilis subangulata E Freshwater Alabama Bivalve

Mussel,

Southern

Clubshell Pleurobema decisum E Freshwater Alabama Bivalve

Mussel, Southern Pigtoe Pleurobema

georgianum E Freshwater Alabama Bivalve

Pearlymussel, Alabama Lamp Lampsilis virescens E Freshwater Alabama Bivalve

Pearlymussel, Cracking Hemistena la ta E Freshwater Alabama Bivalve

Pearlymussel,

Cumberland Monkeyface Quadrula intermedia E Freshwater Alabama Bivalve

Pearlymussel,
Orange

- footed Plethobasus

cooperianus E Freshwater Alabama Bivalve

Pearlymussel, Pale Lilliput Toxolasma cylindrellus E Fr eshwater Alabama Bivalve

Pearlymussel, Turgid

- blossom Epioblasma turgidula E Freshwater Alabama Bivalve

Pearlymussel,

White Wartyback Plethobasus cicatricosus E Freshwater Alabama Bivalve

Pebblesnail, Flat Lepyrium showalteri E Freshwater Alabama Gastro pod

Pinkroot,

Gentian Spigelia gentianoides E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Alabama Dicot

Pitcher

- plant,

Alabama

Canebrake Sarracenia rubra

alabamensis E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Alabama Dicot

Pitcher

- plant,

Green Sarracenia oreophila E Wetland Alabama Dicot

### 98 Name S cientific Name Status Medium State Taxon

Plover, Piping Charadrius melodus E Terrestrial Alabama Bird

Pondberry Lindera melissifolia E Wetland Alabama Dicot

Potato

- bean,

Price's Apios priceana T Unattributed

Wetland

Status Alabama Dicot

Quillwort,

Louisiana Isoetes louisianensis E Wetl and Alabama Ferns

Riversnail, Anthony's Athearnia anthonyi E Freshwater Alabama Gastropod

Rocksnail, interrupted Leptoxis foremani E Freshwater Alabama Gastropod

Rocksnail,

Painted Leptoxis taeniata T Freshwater Alabama Gastropod

Rocksnail,

Plicate Lep toxis plicata E Freshwater Alabama Gastropod

Rocksnail, Round Leptoxis ampla T Freshwater Alabama Gastropod

Salamander,

Frosted

Flatwoods Ambystoma cingulatum T Terrestrial,
Freshwater, Vernal pool Alabama Amphibian

Salamander, Red

Hills Phaeognathus hu brichti T Terrestrial,

Freshwater Alabama Amphibian

Sculpin, Pygmy Cottus paulus

(=pygmaeus) T Freshwater Alabama Fish

Shiner, Blue Cyprinella caerulea T Freshwater Alabama Fish

Shiner, Cahaba Notropis cahabae E Freshwater Alabama Fish

Shiner, Palezone Notropis albizonatus E Freshwater Alabama Fish

Shrimp, Alabama

Cave Palaemonias alabamae E Freshwater Alabama Crustacean

Snail, Armored Pyrgulopsis

(=Marstonia) pachyta E Freshwater Alabama Gastropod

Snail, Lioplax Cylindrical Lioplax

cyclostomaformis E Freshwater Alabama Gastropod

Snail, Tulotoma Tulotoma magnifica E Terrestrial Alabama Gastropod

### 99 Name S cientific Name Status Medium State Taxon

Snake, Eastern Indigo Drymarchon corais

couperi T Terrestrial Alabama Reptile
Stirrupshell Quadrula stapes E Freshwater Alabama Bivalve

Stork, Wood Mycter ia americana E Terrestrial Alabama Bird

Sturgeon,

Alabama Scaphirhynchus suttkusi E Freshwater Alabama Fish

Sturgeon, Gulf Acipenser oxyrinchus

desotoi T Freshwater,

Saltwater Alabama Fish

Tern, Interior (population)

Least Sterna antillarum E Terrestria l Alabama Bird

Tortoise, Gopher Gopherus polyphemus T Terrestrial Alabama Reptile

Trillium, Relict Trillium reliquum E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Alabama Monocot

Turtle, Alabama

Red

- bellied Pseudemys alabamensis E Terrestrial,

Freshwater Alabama Reptil e

Turtle, Flattened

Musk Sternotherus depressus T Terrestrial,

Freshwater Alabama Reptile

Water

- plantain,

Kral's Sagittaria secundifolia T Unattributed

Wetland

Status Alabama Monocot

Woodpecker,

Red

- cockaded Picoides borealis E Terrestrial Alabama Bird
Seal, spotted Phoca largha T Saltwater Alaska Mammal

Whale, beluga Delphinapterus leucas E Saltwater Alaska Mammal

Whale, Gray Eschrichtius robustus E Saltwater Alaska Mammal

Bat, Lesser (=Sanborn's)
Long

- nosed Leptonycteris curasoae

yerbabuenae E Terr estrial,

Subterraneous Arizona Mammal

Blue

- star, Kearney's Amsonia kearneyana E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Arizona Dicot

Bobwhite,

Masked Colinus virginianus

ridgwayi E Terrestrial Arizona Bird

### 100 Name S cientific Name Status Medium State Taxon

Cactus, Arizona Hedgehog Echinocereus

triglochidiatus var.

arizonicus E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Arizona Dicot

Cactus, Cochise

Pincushion Coryphantha

robbinsorum T Unattributed

Wetland

Status Arizona Dicot

Cactus, Nichol's

Turk's Head Echinocactus

horizonthalonius var.

nicholii E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Arizona Dicot

Cactus, Peebles
Navajo Pediocactus

peeblesianus peeblesianus E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Arizona Dicot

Cactus, Pima Pineapple Coryphantha scheeri

var. robustispina E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Arizona Dicot

Cactus, Siler

Pincushion Pedi ocactus

(=Echinocactus,=Utahia)

sileri T Unattributed

Wetland

Status Arizona Dicot
Catfish, Yaqui Ictalurus pricei T Freshwater Arizona Fish
Chub, Bonytail Gila elegans E Freshwater Arizona Fish

Chub, Gila Gila intermedia E Freshwater Arizona Fish

Chub , Humpback Gila cypha E Freshwater Arizona Fish

Chub, Virgin

River Gila seminuda

(=robusta) E Freshwater Arizona Fish
Chub, Yaqui Gila purpurea E Freshwater Arizona Fish

Cliffrose, Arizona Purshia (=cowania)

subintegra E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Ariz ona Dicot

Condor,

California Gymnogyps

californianus E Terrestrial Arizona Bird

Cycladenia,

Jones Cycladenia jonesii

(=humilis) T Unattributed

Wetland

Status Arizona Dicot

Eagle, Bald Haliaeetus

leucocephalus T Terrestrial Arizona Bird

Falcon, Northern Aplomado Falco femoralis

septentrionalis E Terrestrial Arizona Bird

Ferret, Black

footed Mustela nigripes E Terrestrial Arizona Mammal

### 101 Name S cientific Name Status Medium State Taxon

Fleabane, Zuni Erigeron rhizomatus T Unattributed

Wetland

Status Arizona Dicot

Flycatcher,

Southwestern

Willow Empido nax traillii

extimus E Terrestrial Arizona Bird

Frog, Chiricahua Leopard Rana chiricahuensis T Terrestrial,

Freshwater Arizona Amphibian

Jaguar Panthera onca E Terrestrial Arizona Mammal

Jaguarundi,

Sinaloan Herpailurus (=Felis)

yagouaroundi tolteca E T errestrial Arizona Mammal

Ladies'

- tresses,
Canelo Hills Spiranthes delitescens E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Arizona Monocot

Milk

- vetch, Holmgren Astragalus

holmgreniorum E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Arizona Dicot

Minnow, Loach Tiaroga cobitis T Freshw ater Arizona Fish

Ocelot Leopardus (=Felis)

pardalis E Terrestrial Arizona Mammal

Owl, Mexican Spotted Strix occidentalis lucida T Terrestrial Arizona Bird

Pronghorn,

Sonoran Antilocapra americana

sonoriensis E Terrestrial Arizona Mammal

Pupfish, Deser t Cyprinodon macularius E Freshwater Arizona Fish

Rail, Yuma Clapper Rallus longirostris

yumanensis E Terrestrial Arizona Bird

Rattlesnake,

New Mexican Ridge

- nosed Crotalus willardi

obscurus T Terrestrial Arizona Reptile

Salamander,
Sonora Tiger Ambysto ma tigrinum

stebbinsi E Terrestrial,
Freshwater, Vernal pool Arizona Amphibian
Sedge, Navajo Carex specuicola T Wetland Arizona Monocot

Shiner, Beautiful Cyprinella formosa T Freshwater Arizona Fish
Spikedace Meda fulgida T Freshwater Arizona Fish

### 102 Name S cientific Name Status Medium State Taxon

Spin edace, Little

Colorado Lepidomeda vittata T Freshwater Arizona Fish

Squawfish,

Colorado Ptychocheilus lucius E Freshwater Arizona Fish

Squirrel, Mount

Graham Red Tamiasciurus

hudsonicus grahamensis E Terrestrial Arizona Mammal

Sucker,

Razorback Xyrauche n texanus E Freshwater Arizona Fish

Topminnow, Gila (Yaqui) Poeciliopsis occidentalis E Freshwater Arizona Fish

Tortoise, Desert Gopherus agassizii T Terrestrial Arizona Reptile

Trout, Apache Oncorhynchus apache T Freshwater Arizona Fish

Trout, Gila On corhynchus gilae E Freshwater Arizona Fish

Umbel,

Huachuca Water Lilaeopsis schaffneriana

var. recurva E Wetland Arizona Dicot

Vole, Hualapai

Mexican Microtus mexicanus

hualpaiensis E Terrestrial Arizona Mammal

Woundfin Plagopterus

argentissimus E Fresh water Arizona Fish

Bat, Gray Myotis grisescens E Terrestrial,

Subterraneous Arkansas Mammal

Bat, Indiana Myotis sodalis E Terrestrial,

Subterraneous Arkansas Mammal

Bat, Ozark Big

eared Corynorhinus

(=Plecotus) townsendii
ingens E Terrestrial,

Subterran eous Arkansas Mammal

Beetle,

American Burying Nicrophorus americanus E Terrestrial Arkansas Insect

Bladderpod,

Missouri Lesquerella filiformis T Unattributed

Wetland

Status Arkansas Dicot

### 103 Name S cientific Name Status Medium State Taxon

Catchfly, Spalding's Silene spaldingii T Unattributed

Wetland

Sta tus Arkansas Dicot

Cavefish, Ozark Amblyopsis rosae T Freshwater Arkansas Fish

Clover, Running

Buffalo Trifolium stoloniferum E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Arkansas Dicot

Crayfish, Cave (Cambarus aculabrum) Cambarus aculabrum E Freshwater Arkansas Crust acean

Crayfish, Cave (Cambarus zophonastes) Cambarus zophonastes E Freshwater Arkansas Crustacean

Eagle, Bald Haliaeetus

leucocephalus T Terrestrial Arkansas Bird

Fatmucket,

Arkansas Lampsilis powelli T Freshwater Arkansas Bivalve

Fruit, Earth (=geocar pon) Geocarpon minimum T Unattributed

Wetland

Status Arkansas Dicot

Harperella Ptilimnium nodosum E Wetland Arkansas Dicot

Ladies'

- tresses,

Ute Spiranthes diluvialis T Wetland Arkansas Monocot

Mucket, Pink (Pearlymussel) Lampsilis abrupta E Freshwater A rkansas Bivalve

Mussel,

Scaleshell Leptodea leptodon E Freshwater Arkansas Bivalve

Mussel, Speckled

Pocketbook Lampsilis streckeri E Freshwater Arkansas Bivalve

Mussel, Winged Mapleleaf Quadrula fragosa E Freshwater Arkansas Bivalve

Panther, Florida Pu ma (=Felis) concolor

coryi E Terrestrial Arkansas Mammal

Pearlymussel,

Curtis' Epioblasma florentina

curtisii E Freshwater Arkansas Bivalve

Pearlymussel,

Fat Pocketbook Potamilus capax E Freshwater Arkansas Bivalve

Pondberry Lindera melissifolia E Wetla nd Arkansas Dicot

### 104 Name S cientific Name Status Medium State Taxon

Rabbit, Pygmy Brachylagus idahoensis E Terrestrial Arkansas Mammal

Rock

pocketbook,

Ouachita (=Wheeler's pm) Arkansia wheeleri E Freshwater Arkansas Bivalve

Shagreen,
Magazine

Mountain Mesodon magazinensis T Terrestrial Arkansas Gastro pod

Shiner, Arkansas

River Notropis girardi T Freshwater Arkansas Fish

Sturgeon, Pallid Scaphirhynchus albus E Freshwater Arkansas Fish

Sturgeon,

Shovelnose Scaphirhynchus

platorynchus SAT Saltwater Arkansas Fish

Tern, Interior (population)

Least Stern a antillarum E Terrestrial Arkansas Bird

Trout, Bull Salvelinus confluentus T Freshwater Arkansas Fish

Warbler,

Bachman's Vermivora bachmanii E Terrestrial Arkansas Bird

Woodpecker,
Ivory

- billed Campephilus principalis E Terrestrial Arkansas Bird

Woodp ecker,

Red

- cockaded Picoides borealis E Terrestrial Arkansas Bird

Abalone, Black Haliotis cracherodii E Saltwater California Gastropod

Abalone, White Haliotis sorenseni E Saltwater California Gastropod

Adobe Sunburst,
San Joaquin Pseudobahia peirsonii T Unattributed

Wetland

Status California Dicot

Albatross, Short

tailed Phoebastria

(=Diomedea) albatrus E Terrestrial,

Saltwater California Bird

Allocarya, Calistoga Plagiobothrys strictus E Wetland California Dicot

Alopecurus,

Sonoma Alopecurus aequalis

var. sonomensis E Unattributed

Wetland

Status California Monocot

### 105 Name S cientific Name Status Medium State Taxon

Ambrosia, San
Diego Ambrosia pumila E Upland California Dicot

Amole,

Cammatta
Canyon Chlorogalum

purpureum var.
reductum T Unattributed

Wetland

Status California Monocot

Amole, Purple Chl orogalum

purpureum var.

purpureum T Unattributed

Wetland

Status California Monocot

Baccharis,

Encinitas Baccharis vanessae T Unattributed

Wetland

Status California Dicot

Barberry, Island Berberis pinnata ssp.

insularis E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Calif ornia Dicot

Barberry,

Nevin’s Berberis nevinii E Unattributed

Wetland

Status California Dicot

Bedstraw, El

Dorado Galium californicum

ssp. sierrae E Unattributed

Wetland

Status California Dicot

Bedstraw, Island Galium buxifolium E Unattributed

Wetland

S tatus California Dicot

Beetle, Delta

Green Ground Elaphrus viridis T Terrestrial, Vernal pool California Insect

Beetle, Valley Elderberry Longhorn Desmocerus californicus

dimorphus T Terrestrial California Insect

Bird's

- beak,

Palmate

- bracted Cordylanthu s palmatus E Wetland California Dicot

Bird's

- beak,

Pennell's Cordylanthus tenuis ssp.

capillaris E Unattributed

Wetland

Status California Dicot

Bird's

- beak, salt

marsh Cordylanthus maritimus

ssp. maritimus E Unattributed

Wetland

Status California Dicot

Bird's

- beak, Soft Cordylanthus mollis ssp.

mollis E Unattributed

Wetland

Status California Dicot

### 106 Name S cientific Name Status Medium State Taxon

Bladderpod, San

Bernardino

Mountains Lesquerella kingii ssp.

bernardina E Unattributed

Wetland

Status California Dicot

Bluecurls,

Hidden Lake Trichostema

aus tromontanum ssp.
compactum T Unattributed

Wetland

Status California Dicot
Bluegrass, Napa Poa napensis E Wetland California Monocot

Bluegrass, San

Bernardino Poa atropurpurea E Terrestrial California Monocot

Brodiaea,

Thread

- leaved Brodiaea filifolia T Wetland California Monocot

Broom, San

Clemente Island Lotus dendroideus ssp.

traskiae E Unattributed

Wetland

Status California Dicot

Buckwheat, Cushenbury Eriogonum ovalifolium

var. vineum E Unattributed

Wetland

Status California Dicot

Buckwheat, Ione ( incl. Irish Hill) Eriogonum apricum

(incl. var. prostratum) E Unattributed

Wetland

Status California Dicot

Buckwheat,

Southern

Mountain Wild Eriogonum kennedyi

var. austromontanum T Unattributed

Wetland

Status California Dicot

Bush

- mallow,

San Clemente

I sland Malacothamnus

clementinus E Unattributed

Wetland

Status California Dicot

Bush

- mallow,

Santa Cruz Island Malacothamnus

fasciculatus var.

nesioticus E Unattributed

Wetland

Status California Dicot

Butterfly, Bay Checkerspot (Wright's euphydryas) Euphy dryas editha

bayensis T Terrestrial California Insect

Butterfly,

Behren's Silverspot Speyeria zerene

behrensii E Terrestrial California Insect

Butterfly, Callippe Silverspot Speyeria callippe

callippe E Terrestrial California Insect

Butterfly, El Segund o Blue Euphilotes battoides

allyni E Terrestrial California Insect

### 107 Name S cientific Name Status Medium State Taxon

Butterfly, Lange's

Metalmark Apodemia mormo

langei E Terrestrial California Insect

Butterfly, Lotis

Blue Lycaeides

argyrognomon lotis E Terrestrial California Insect

Butterfly,

Mission B lue Icaricia icarioides

missionensis E Terrestrial California Insect

Butterfly,

Mission Blue Icaricia icarioides

missionensis E Terrestrial California Insect

Butterfly, Myrtle's Silverspot Speyeria zerene

myrtleae E Terrestrial California Insect

Butterf ly, Palos

Verdes Blue Glaucopsyche lygdamus

palosverdesensis E Terrestrial California Insect

Butterfly, Quino Checkerspot Euphydryas editha

quino (=E. e. wrighti) E Terrestrial California Insect

Butterfly, San

Bruno Elfin Callophrys mossii

bayensis E Ter restrial California Insect

Butterfly,

Smith's Blue Euphilotes enoptes

smithi E Terrestrial California Insect

Butterweed, Layne's Senecio layneae T Unattributed

Wetland

Status California Dicot

Button

- celery,
San Diego Eryngium aristulatum

var. parishii E Unattributed

Wetland

Status California Dicot

Cactus,

Bakersfield Opuntia treleasei E Unattributed

Wetland

Status California Dicot

Ceanothus,
Coyote Ceanothus ferrisae E Unattributed

Wetland

Status California Dicot

Ceanothus, Pine

Hill Ceanothus roderic kii E Unattributed

Wetland

Status California Dicot

Ceanothus, Vail

Lake Ceanothus ophiochilus T Unattributed

Wetland

Status California Dicot

### 108 Name S cientific Name Status Medium State Taxon

Checker

- mallow,

Keck's Sidalcea keckii E Unattributed

Wetland

Status California Dicot

Checker

- mallow,

Kenwood Ma rsh Sidalcea oregana ssp.

valida E Unattributed

Wetland

Status California Dicot

Checker

- mallow,

Pedate Sidalcea pedata E Unattributed

Wetland

Status California Dicot
Chub, Bonytail Gila elegans E Freshwater California Fish

Chub, Mohave

Tui Gila bicolor mohavensis E Freshwater California Fish

Chub, Owens Tui Gila bicolor snyderi E Freshwater California Fish

Clarkia, Pismo Clarkia speciosa ssp.

immaculata E Unattributed

Wetland

Status California Dicot

Clarkia, Springville Clarkia springvillensis T Unatt ributed

Wetland

Status California Dicot

Clarkia, Vine Hill Clarkia imbricata E Unattributed

Wetland

Status California Dicot

Clover, Fleshy

Owl's Castilleja campestris

ssp. succulenta T Wetland California Dicot

Clover,
Monterey Trifolium trichocalyx E Un attributed

Wetland

Status California Dicot

Clover, Showy

Indian Trifolium amoenum E Wetland California Dicot

Condor,

California Gymnogyps

californianus E Terrestrial California Bird

Coyote

- thistle,

Loch Lomond Eryngium constancei E Unattributed

Wetland

Status California Dicot
Crayfish, Shasta Pacifastacus fortis E Freshwater California Crustacean

Crownscale, San Jacinto Valley Atriplex coronata var.

notatior E Unattributed

Wetland

Status California Dicot

### 109 Name S cientific Name Status Medium State Taxon

Cypress, Gowen Cupressus goveniana

ssp. govenia na T Unattributed

Wetland

Status California Conf/cycds

Cypress, Santa

Cruz Cupressus abramsiana E Unattributed

Wetland

Status California Conf/cycds

Daisy, Parish's Erigeron parishii T Unattributed

Wetland

Status California Dicot

Dudleya, Conejo Dudleya abramsii ssp.

parva T Unattributed

Wetland

Status California Dicot

Dudleya,

Marcescent Dudleya cymosa ssp.

marcescens T Unattributed

Wetland

Status California Dicot

Dudleya, Santa Clara Valley Dudleya setchellii E Unattributed

Wetland

Status California D icot

Dudleya, Santa

Cruz Island Dudleya nesiotica T Unattributed

Wetland

Status California Dicot

Dudleya, Santa

Monica

Mountains Dudleya cymosa ssp.

ovatifolia T Unattributed

Wetland

Status California Dicot

Dudleya, Verity's Dudleya verityi T Unattribut ed

Wetland

Status California Dicot

Dwarf

- flax,

Marin Hesperolinon

congestum T Unattributed

Wetland

Status California Dicot

Evening

primrose,

Antioch Dunes Oenothera deltoides

ssp. howellii E Unattributed

Wetland

Status California Dicot

Evening

primrose, San

Benito Camissonia benitensis T Unattributed

Wetland

Status California Dicot

Fairy Shrimp,
Conservancy
Fairy Branchinecta

conservatio E Vernal pool California Crustacean

Fairy Shrimp, Longhorn Branchinecta

longiantenna E Vernal pool California Crusta cean

### 110 Name S cientific Name Status Medium State Taxon

Fairy Shrimp,

Riverside Streptocephalus

woottoni E Vernal pool California Crustacean

Fairy Shrimp,
San Diego Branchinecta

sandiegonensis E Vernal pool California Crustacean

Fairy Shrimp,

Vernal Pool Branchinecta lynchi T Vernal pool California Crus tacean

Fiddleneck,
Large

- flowered Amsinckia grandiflora E Unattributed

Wetland

Status California Dicot

Flannelbush,

Mexican Fremontodendron

mexicanum E Unattributed

Wetland

Status California Dicot

Flannelbush,

Pine Hill Fremontodendron

californicum ssp.

decumbens E Unattributed

Wetland

Status California Dicot

Fly, Delhi Sands

Flower

- loving Rhaphiomidas

terminatus abdominalis E Terrestrial California Insect

Flycatcher,

Southwestern

Willow Empidonax traillii

extimus E Terrestrial California Bird

Fox, Sa n Joaquin

Kit Vulpes macrotis mutica E Terrestrial California Mammal

Fox, Santa

Catalina Island Urocyon littoralis

catalinae E Terrestrial California Mammal

Fox, Santa Cruz

Island Urocyon littoralis

santacruzae E Terrestrial California Mammal

Fox, Santa Rosa

Island Urocyon littoralis

santarosae E Terrestrial California Mammal

Fringepod, Santa

Cruz Island Thysanocarpus

conchuliferus E Unattributed

Wetland

Status California Dicot

Frog, California

Red

- legged Rana aurora draytonii T Terrestrial,

Freshwater California Amphibian

Frog, Mountain

Yellow

- legged Rana muscosa E Terrestrial,

Freshwater California Amphibian

Gilia,

Hoffmann's

Slender

flowered Gilia tenuiflora ssp.

hoffmannii E Unattributed

Wetland

Status California Dicot

### 111 Name S cientific Name Status Medium State Taxon

Gilia, Monterey Gilia tenui flora ssp.

arenaria E Unattributed

Wetland

Status California Dicot

Gnatcatcher,

Coastal

California Polioptila californica

californica T Terrestrial California Bird

Goby, Tidewater Eucyclogobius

newberryi E Freshwater California Fish

Golden Sunburst,

Har tweg's Pseudobahia bahiifolia E Unattributed

Wetland

Status California Dicot

Goldfields,

Burke's Lasthenia burkei E Unattributed

Wetland

Status California Dicot

Goldfields,

Contra Costa Lasthenia conjugens E Unattributed

Wetland

Status California Dicot

Grass, California

Orcutt Orcuttia californica E Wetland California Monocot

Grass, Colusa Neostapfia colusana T Wetland California Monocot

Grass, Hairy

Orcutt Orcuttia pilosa E Wetland California Dicot

Grass,

Sacramento

Orcutt Orcuttia viscida E Wetland California Dicot

Grass, San Joaquin Valley

Orcutt Orcuttia inaequalis T Wetland California Monocot

Grass, Slender

Orcutt Orcuttia tenuis T Wetland California Dicot

Grass, Solano Tuctoria mucronata E Unattributed

Wetland

Status California Monocot

Howell ia, Water Howellia aquatilis T Wetland California Dicot

Jaguar Panthera onca E Terrestrial California Mammal

Jewelflower,

California Caulanthus californicus E Unattributed

Wetland

Status California Dicot

### 112 Name S cientific Name Status Medium State Taxon

Jewelflower, Metcalf Canyon Streptanthus albidus

ssp. albidus E Unattributed

Wetland

Status California Dicot

Jewelflower,

Tiburon Streptanthus niger E Unattributed

Wetland

Status California Dicot

Kangaroo Rat,

Fresno Dipodomys nitratoides

exilis E Terrestrial California Mammal

Kangaroo Rat,

Giant Dipo domys ingens E Terrestrial California Mammal

Kangaroo Rat,
Morro Bay Dipodomys heermanni

morroensis E Terrestrial California Mammal

Kangaroo Rat,

San Bernardino

Merriam's Dipodomys merriami

parvus E Terrestrial California Mammal

Kangaroo Rat, Stephens' Dipodomys stephensi

(incl. D. cascus) E Terrestrial California Mammal

Kangaroo Rat, Tipton Dipodomys nitratoides

nitratoides E Terrestrial California Mammal

Larkspur, Baker's Delphinium bakeri E Unattributed

Wetland

Status California Dicot

Larkspur, San

Clemente Island Delphinium variegatum

ssp. kinkiense E Unattributed

Wetland

Status California Dicot

Larkspur, Yellow Delphinium luteum E Unattributed

Wetland

Status California Dicot

Layia, Beach Layia carnosa E Unattributed

Wetland

Status California Dic ot

Lessingia, San

Francisco Lessingia germanorum

(=L.g. var. germanorum) E Unattributed

Wetland

Status California Dicot

Lily, Pitkin Marsh Lilium pardalinum ssp.

pitkinense E Unattributed

Wetland

Status California Monocot

### 113 Name S cientific Name Status Medium State Taxon

Lily, Tiburon
Mariposa Calochor tus

tiburonensis T Unattributed

Wetland

Status California Monocot

Lily, Western Lilium occidentale E Wetland California Monocot

Liveforever,

Santa Barbara

Island Dudleya traskiae E Unattributed

Wetland

Status California Dicot

Lizard, Blunt

nosed Leopard Gambelia silus E Terrestrial California Reptile

Lizard, Coachella Valley Fringe

toed Uma inornata T Terrestrial California Reptile

Lizard, Island Night Xantusia riversiana T Terrestrial California Reptile

Lupine, Clover Lupinus tidestromii E Unattribut ed

Wetland

Status California Dicot

Lupine, Nipomo

Mesa Lupinus nipomensis E Unattributed

Wetland

Status California Dicot

Malacothrix,

Island Malacothrix squalida E Unattributed

Wetland

Status California Dicot

Malacothrix,

Santa Cruz Island Malacothrix i ndecora E Unattributed

Wetland

Status California Dicot

Mallow, Kern Eremalche kernensis E Unattributed

Wetland

Status California Dicot

Manzanita, Del

Mar Arctostaphylos

glandulosa ssp. crassifolia E Unattributed

Wetland

Status California Dicot

Manzanita , Ione Arctostaphylos

myrtifolia T Unattributed

Wetland

Status California Dicot

Manzanita,

Morro Arctostaphylos

morroensis T Unattributed

Wetland

Status California Dicot

### 114 Name S cientific Name Status Medium State Taxon

Manzanita,

Pallid Arctostaphylos pallida T Unattributed

Wetland

Status California Di cot

Manzanita,

Santa Rosa

Island Arctostaphylos

confertiflora E Unattributed

Wetland

Status California Dicot

Meadowfoam,
Butte County Limnanthes floccosa

ssp. californica E Unattributed

Wetland

Status California Dicot

Meadowfoam, Sebastopol Limnanthes v inculans E Wetland California Dicot

Milk

- vetch, Applegate's Astragalus applegatei E Unattributed

Wetland

Status California Dicot

Milk

- vetch,

Braunton's Astragalus brauntonii E Unattributed

Wetland

Status California Dicot

Milk

- vetch, Clara

Hunt's Astraga lus clarianus E Unattributed

Wetland

Status California Dicot

Milk

- vetch, Coachella Valley Astragalus lentiginosus

var. coachellae E Unattributed

Wetland

Status California Dicot

Milk

- vetch,

Coastal Dunes Astragalus tener var. titi E Unattributed

Wetland

S tatus California Dicot

Milk

- vetch, Cushenbury Astragalus albens E Unattributed

Wetland

Status California Dicot

Milk

- vetch, Fish Slough Astragalus lentiginosus

var. piscinensis T Wetland California Dicot

Milk

- vetch, Lane

Mountain Astragalus jaegerianus E Unattributed

Wetland

Status California Dicot

Milk

- vetch,

Pierson's Astragalus magdalenae

var. peirsonii T Unattributed

Wetland

Status California Dicot

Milk

- vetch, Triple

- ribbed Astragalus tricarinatus E Unattributed

Wetland

Status California Dicot

### 115 Name S cientific Name Status Medium State Taxon

Milk

- vetch,

Ventura Marsh Astragalus

pycnostachyus var.

lanosissimus E Unattributed

Wetland

Status California Dicot

Mint, Otay Mesa Pogogyne nudiuscula E Wetland California Dicot

Mint, San Diego

Mesa Pogogyne abramsii E Wetland California Dicot

Monardella, Willowy Monardella linoides ssp.

viminea E Upland California Dicot

Morning

- glory,

Stebbins Calystegia stebbinsii E Unattributed

Wetland

Status California Dicot

Moth, Kern Primrose Sphinx Euproserpinus euterpe T Terrestrial California Insect

Mountain

Bea ver, Point

Arena Aplodontia rufa nigra E Terrestrial,

Freshwater California Mammal

Mountainbalm,

Indian Knob Eriodictyon altissimum E Unattributed

Wetland

Status California Dicot

Mountain

mahogany,

Catalina Island Cercocarpus traskiae E Unattributed

Wetl and

Status California Dicot

Mouse, Pacific

Pocket Perognathus

longimembris pacificus E Terrestrial California Mammal

Mouse, Salt

Marsh Harvest Reithrodontomys

raviventris E Terrestrial California Mammal

Murrelet,

Marbled Brachyramphus

marmoratus T Terre strial, Freshwater,

Saltwater California Bird

Mustard,

Slender

- petaled Thelypodium

stenopetalum E Wetland California Dicot

Navarretia, Few

flowered Navarretia

leucocephala ssp. Pauciflora E Unattributed

Wetland

Status California Dicot

Navarretia,
Many

- f lowered Navarretia

leucocephala ssp. plieantha E Unattributed

Wetland

Status California Dicot

### 116 Name S cientific Name Status Medium State Taxon

Navarretia, Spreading Navarretia fossalis T Wetland California Dicot

Onion, Munz's Allium munzii E Unattributed

Wetland

Status California Monocot

Otter, Southe rn
Sea Enhydra lutris nereis T Saltwater California Mammal

Owl, Northern Spotted Strix occidentalis

caurina T Terrestrial California Bird

Oxytheca, Cushenbury Oxytheca parishii var.

goodmaniana E Unattributed

Wetland

Status California Dicot

Paintbrush, Ash

grey Indian Castilleja cinerea T Unattributed

Wetland

Status California Dicot

Paintbrush, San

Clemente Island

Indian Castilleja grisea E Unattributed

Wetland

Status California Dicot

Paintbrush, Soft

leaved Castilleja mollis E Unattributed

Wetland

Sta tus California Dicot

Paintbrush,

Tiburon Castilleja affinis ssp.

neglecta E Unattributed

Wetland

Status California Dicot

Penny

- cress, Kneeland Prairie Thlaspi californicum E Unattributed

Wetland

Status California Dicot

Pentachaeta, Lyon's Pentachaeta ly onii E Unattributed

Wetland

Status California Dicot

Pentachaeta,

White

- rayed Pentachaeta bellidiflora E Unattributed

Wetland

Status California Dicot

Phacelia, Island Phacelia insularis ssp.

insularis E Unattributed

Wetland

Status California Dicot

Phlox, Yreka Phlox hirsuta E Unattributed

Wetland

Status California Dicot

### 117 Name S cientific Name Status Medium State Taxon

Piperia, Yadon's Piperia yadonii E Unattributed

Wetland

Status California Monocot

Plover, Western
Snowy Charadrius alexandrinus

nivosus T Terrestrial California Bird

Potentilla,

Hickman 's Potentilla hickmanii E Wetland California Dicot

Pupfish, Desert Cyprinodon macularius E Freshwater California Fish

Pussypaws, Mariposa Calyptridium pulchellum T Unattributed

Wetland

Status California Dicot

Rabbit, Riparian

Brush Sylvilagus bachmani

r iparius E Terrestrial California Mammal

Rail, California Clapper Rallus longirostris

obsoletus E Terrestrial California Bird

Rail, Light

footed Clapper Rallus longirostris

levipes E Terrestrial California Bird

Rail, Yuma Clapper Rallus longirostris

yuma nensis E Terrestrial California Bird

Rock

- cress, Hoffmann's Arabis hoffmannii E Unattributed

Wetland

Status California Dicot

Rock

- cress,
McDonald's Arabis mcdonaldiana E Unattributed

Wetland

Status California Dicot

Rock

- cress, Santa Cruz Island Sibara f ilifolia E Unattributed

Wetland

Status California Dicot

Rush

- rose, Island Helianthemum greenei T Unattributed

Wetland

Status California Dicot

Salamander, California Tiger Ambystoma

californiense E Terrestrial, Vernal pool California Amphibian

Salamander

, Desert Slender Batrachoseps aridus E Terrestrial,

Freshwater California Amphibian

Salamander,
Santa Cruz Long

toed Ambystoma

macrodactylum

croceum E Terrestrial, Freshwater, Vernal pool California Amphibian

### 118 Name S cientific Name Status Medium State Taxon

Salmon, Chinook Oncorhynchus (=Salmo)

tshawyt scha E/T Freshwater,
Brackish,

Saltwater California Fish

Salmon, Coho Oncorhynchus (=Salmo)

kisutch E Freshwater, Brackish,

Saltwater California Fish

Sandwort, Bear Valley Arenaria ursina T Unattributed

Wetland

Status California Dicot

Sandwort,

Marsh Ar enaria paludicola E Wetland California Dicot

Sea

- blite,

California Suaeda californica E Wetland California Dicot

Seal, Guadalupe

Fur Arctocephalus

townsendi T Saltwater,

Coastal California Mammal

Sea

- lion, Steller Eumetopias jubatus E/T Saltwater,

Coast al California Mammal
Sedge, White Carex albida E Wetland California Monocot

Sheep,

Peninsular Bighorn Ovis canadensis nelsoni E Terrestrial California Mammal

Sheep, Sierra Nevada Bighorn Ovis canadensis sierrae E Terrestrial California Mammal

Shrew, Bu ena
Vista Lake

Ornate Sorex ornatus relictus E Terrestrial California Mammal

Shrike, San

Clemente Loggerhead Lanius ludovicianus

mearnsi E Terrestrial California Bird

Shrimp,

California

Freshwater Syncaris pacifica E Freshwater California Crustacean

Ski pper, Carson Wandering Pseudocopaeodes

eunus obscurus E Terrestrial California Insect

Skipper, Laguna

Mountain Pyrgus ruralis lagunae E Terrestrial California Insect

Smelt, Delta Hypomesus

transpacificus T Freshwater,

Brackish California Fish

Snail, Mor ro
Shoulderband Helminthoglypta

walkeriana E Terrestrial California Gastropod

### 119 Name S cientific Name Status Medium State Taxon

Snake, Giant

Garter Thamnophis gigas T Terrestrial,

Freshwater California Reptile

Snake, San

Francisco Garter Thamnophis sirtalis

tetrataenia E Terrestrial,

Freshwater Californ ia Reptile

Sparrow, San Clemente Sage Amphispiza belli

clementeae T Terrestrial California Bird

Spineflower,

Howell's Chorizanthe howellii E Unattributed

Wetland

Status California Dicot

Spineflower,
Monterey Chorizanthe pungens

var. pungens T Unattribut ed

Wetland

Status California Dicot

Spineflower,

Orcutt's Chorizanthe orcuttiana E Unattributed

Wetland

Status California Dicot

Spineflower,

Robust Chorizanthe robusta va

r. robusta E Unattributed

Wetland

Status California Dicot

Spineflower,

Slender

- horn ed Dodecahema leptoceras E Unattributed

Wetland

Status California Dicot

Spineflower,

Sonoma Chorizanthe valida E Unattributed

Wetland

Status California Dicot

Spurge, Hoover's Chamaesyce hooveri T Wetland California Dicot

Squawfish,

Colorado Ptychocheilu s lucius E Freshwater California Fish

Steelhead Oncorhynchus (=Salmo)

mykiss E Freshwater, Brackish,

Saltwater California Fish

Stickleback,

Unarmored Threespine Gasterosteus aculeatus

williamsoni E Freshwater California Fish

Stickyseed,

Baker's Blennosp erma bakeri E Wetland California Dicot

Stonecrop, Lake
County Parvisedum leiocarpum E Unattributed

Wetland

Status California Dicot

### 120 Name S cientific Name Status Medium State Taxon

Sturgeon, North
American green Acipenser medirostris T Freshwater,

Saltwater California Fish

Sucker, Lost

River Deltistes luxatus E Freshwater California Fish

Sucker, Modoc Catostomus microps E Freshwater California Fish

Sucker,

Razorback Xyrauchen texanus E Freshwater California Fish

Sucker, Santa

Ana Catostomus santaanae T Freshwater California Fish

Sucker,

Shortnose Ch asmistes brevirostris E Freshwater California Fish

Sunflower, San Mateo Woolly Eriophyllum latilobum E Unattributed

Wetland

Status California Dicot

Tadpole Shrimp,

Vernal Pool Lepidurus packardi E Vernal pool California Crustacean

Taraxacum,

California Taraxacum californicum E Wetland California Dicot

Tarplant,

Gaviota Deinandra increscens

ssp. villosa E Unattributed

Wetland

Status California Dicot

Tarplant, Otay Deinandra (=Hemizonia)

conjugens T Unattributed

Wetland

Status California Dicot

Tarplant, Santa

Cruz Holocarpha macradenia T Unattributed

Wetland

Status California Dicot

Tern, California

Least Sterna antillarum

browni E Terrestrial California Bird

Thistle, Chorro creek Bog Cirsium fontinale var.

obispoense E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Calif ornia Dicot

Thistle, Fountain Cirsium fontinale var.

fontinale E Unattributed

Wetland

Status California Dicot

Thistle, La

Graciosa Cirsium loncholepis E Unattributed

Wetland

Status California Dicot

### 121 Name S cientific Name Status Medium State Taxon

Thistle, Suisun Cirsium hydrophilum

var. hydrophilum E Unattributed

Wetland

Status California Dicot

Thornmint, San
Diego Acanthomintha ilicifolia T Wetland California Dicot

Thornmint, San

Mateo Acanthomintha obovata

ssp. duttonii E Unattributed

Wetland

Status California Dicot

Toad, Arroyo

Southwestern Bufo californicus

(=microscaphus) E Terrestrial,

Freshwater California Amphibian

Tortoise, Desert Gopherus agassizii T Terrestrial California Reptile

Trout, Lahontan

Cutthroat Oncorhynchus clarki

henshawi T Freshwater California Fish

Trout, Little Kern

Golde n Oncorhynchus

aguabonita whitei T Freshwater California Fish

Trout, Paiute

Cutthroat Oncorhynchus clarki

seleniris T Freshwater California Fish

Tuctoria,

Green's Tuctoria greenei E Wetland California Dicot

Vireo, Least

Bell's Vireo bellii pusillus E Te rrestrial California Bird

Wallflower,

Contra Costa Erysimum capitatum

var. angustatum E Unattributed

Wetland

Status California Dicot

Wallflower,

Menzie's Erysimum menziesii E Unattributed

Wetland

Status California Dicot

Watercress,

Gambel's Rorippa gamb ellii E Unattributed

Wetland

Status California Dicot

Whale, Finback Balaenoptera physalus E Saltwater California Mammal

Whale, Gray Eschrichtius robustus E Saltwater California Mammal

Whale, Humpback Megaptera

novaeangliae E Saltwater California Mammal

Whale, North Atlantic right Eubalaena glacialis

(incl. australis) E Saltwater California Mammal

### 122 Name S cientific Name Status Medium State Taxon

Whale, Sei Balaenoptera borealis E Saltwater California Mammal

Whale, Sperm Physeter catodon

(=macrocephalus) E Saltwater California Mammal

Whipsnake (=Stri ped Racer),

Alameda Masticophis lateralis

euryxanthus T Terrestrial California Reptile

Woodland

- star,
San Clemente

Island Lithophragma

maximum E Unattributed

Wetland

Status California Dicot

Woodrat,
Riparian Neotoma fuscipes

riparia E Terrestrial Califor nia Mammal

Woolly

- star,

Santa Ana River Eriastrum densifolium

ssp. sanctorum E Unattributed

Wetland

Status California Dicot

Woolly

- threads,
San Joaquin Monolopia (=Lembertia)

congdonii E Unattributed

Wetland

Status California Dicot

Yerba Santa,
Lompoc E riodictyon capitatum E Unattributed

Wetland

Status California Dicot

Beardtongue,

Penland Penstemon penlandii E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Colorado Dicot

Bladderpod, Dudley Bluffs Lesquerella congesta T Unattributed

Wetland

Status Colorado Dicot

Butterf ly Plant,

Colorado Gaura neomexicana

var. coloradensis T Unattributed

Wetland

Status Colorado Dicot

Butterfly, Uncompahgre Fritillary Boloria acrocnema E Terrestrial Colorado Insect

Cactus, Colorado

hookless Sclerocactus glaucus T Unattributed

Wetland

St atus Colorado Dicot

Cactus,

Knowlton Pediocactus knowltonii E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Colorado Dicot

### 123 Name S cientific Name Status Medium State Taxon

Cactus, Mesa

Verde Sclerocactus mesae

verdae T Unattributed

Wetland

Status Colorado Dicot
Chub, Bonytail Gila elegans E Freshwater Colorado Fish

Ch ub, Humpback Gila cypha E Freshwater Colorado Fish

Crane, Whooping Grus americana E Terrestrial,

Freshwater Colorado Bird

Ferret, Black

footed Mustela nigripes E Terrestrial Colorado Mammal

Flycatcher,

Southwestern

Willow Empidonax traillii

extimus E Te rrestrial Colorado Bird

Ladies'

- tresses,

Ute Spiranthes diluvialis T Wetland Colorado Monocot
Lynx, Canada Lynx canadensis T Terrestrial Colorado Mammal

Milk

- vetch,

Mancos Astragalus humillimus E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Colorado Dicot

Milk

- vetch,

O sterhout Astragalus osterhoutii E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Colorado Dicot

Mouse, Preble's

Meadow
Jumping Zapus hudsonius preblei T Terrestrial Colorado Mammal

Owl, Mexican Spotted Strix occidentalis lucida T Terrestrial Colorado Bird

Phacelia, North

Park Phacelia formosula E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Colorado Dicot

Plover, Piping Charadrius melodus E Terrestrial Colorado Bird

Skipper, Pawnee

Montane Hesperia leonardus

montana T Terrestrial Colorado Insect

Squawfish,

Colorado Ptychocheilus lucius E Freshwater Colorado Fish

Sturgeon, Pallid Scaphirhynchus albus E Freshwater Colorado Fish

Sucker,

Razorback Xyrauchen texanus E Freshwater Colorado Fish

### 124 Name S cientific Name Status Medium State Taxon

Tern, Interior (population)

Least Sterna antillarum E Terrestrial Colorado Bird

Trout,

Greenback

Cutthroat Oncorhynchus clarki

stomias T Freshwater Colorado Fish

Twinpod, Dudley

Bluffs Physaria obcordata T Unattributed

Wetland

Status Colorado Dicot

Wild

- buckwheat, Clay

- loving Eriogonum

pelinophilum E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Colorado Dicot

Beetl e, Puritan
Tiger Cicindela puritana T Terrestrial,

Coastal Connecticut Insect

Gerardia, Sandplain Agalinis acuta E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Connecticut Dicot

Mussel, Dwarf Wedge Alasmidonta heterodon E Freshwater Connecticut Bivalve

Plover, Piping Ch aradrius melodus E Terrestrial Connecticut Bird

Pogonia, Small

Whorled Isotria medeoloides T Upland Connecticut Monocot

Tern, Roseate Sterna dougallii

dougallii E Terrestrial Connecticut Bird

Turtle, Bog Clemmys muhlenbergii T Terrestrial,

Freshwater Co nnecticut Reptile

Amaranth,

Seabeach Amaranthus pumilus T Unattributed

Wetland

Status Delaware Dicot

Plover, Piping Charadrius melodus E Terrestrial Delaware Bird

Pogonia, Small

Whorled Isotria medeoloides T Upland Delaware Monocot

Squirrel,

Delmarva

P eninsula Fox Sciurus niger cinereus E Terrestrial Delaware Mammal

Turtle, Bog Clemmys muhlenbergii T Terrestrial,

Freshwater Delaware Reptile

### 125 Name S cientific Name Status Medium State Taxon

Alligator,

American Alligator

mississippiensis T Terrestrial,
Freshwater,

Brackish Florida Reptile

Aster, Flori da

Golden Chrysopsis floridana E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Florida Dicot

Bankclimber, Purple Elliptoideus sloatianus T Freshwater Florida Bivalve

Bat, Gray Myotis grisescens E Terrestrial,

Subterraneous Florida Mammal

Bat, Indiana Myotis sodalis # Ter restrial,

Subterraneous Florida Mammal

Beargrass,

Britton's Nolina brittoniana E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Florida Monocot

Beauty, Harper's Harperocallis flava E Wetland Florida Monocot

Bellflower,

Brooksville Campanula robinsiae E Wetland Florida Dic ot

Birds

- in

- a

- nest,
White Macbridea alba T Wetland Florida Dicot

Blazing Star,

Scrub Liatris ohlingerae E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Florida Dicot

Bonamia, Florida Bonamia grandiflora T Unattributed

Wetland

Status Florida Dicot

Buckwheat,

Scrub Eriogo num longifolium

var. gnaphalifolium T Unattributed

Wetland

Status Florida Dicot

Butterwort, Godfrey's Pinguicula ionantha T Wetland Florida Dicot

Campion, Fringed Silene polypetala E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Florida Dicot

Caracara,

Audubon's

Crested Polyborus plancus

audubonii T Terrestrial Florida Bird

Chaffseed,

American Schwalbea americana E Wetland Florida Dicot

### 126 Name S cientific Name Status Medium State Taxon

Cladonia, Florida

Perforate Cladonia perforata E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Florida Lichen

Coral, Elkhorn Acropora palmata T Saltwate r Florida Coral

Coral, Staghorn Acropora cervicornis T Saltwater Florida Coral

Crane, Whooping Grus americana E Terrestrial,

Freshwater Florida Bird

Crocodile,

American Crocodylus acutus T Terrestrial,

Freshwater Florida Reptile

Darter, Okaloosa Etheos toma okaloosae E Freshwater Florida Fish

Fringe Tree,
Pygmy Chionanthus pygmaeus E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Florida Dicot

Gooseberry,

Miccosukee Ribes echinellum T Wetland Florida Dicot

Gourd,

Okeechobee Cucurbita

okeechobeensis ssp.

okeechobeensis E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Florida Dicot

Harebells, Avon

Park Crotalaria avonensis E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Florida Dicot

Hypericum, Highlands Scrub Hypericum cumulicola E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Florida Dicot

Jacquemontia,

Beach Jacquemontia reclinata E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Florida Dicot

Kite, Everglades

Snail Rostrhamus sociabilis

plumbeus E Terrestrial Florida Bird

Lead

- plant,

Crenulate Amorpha crenulata E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Florida Dicot

Lupine, Scrub Lupinus aridorum E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Florida Dicot

Manatee, West

Indian Trichechus manatus E Saltwater Florida Mammal

### 127 Name S cientific Name Status Medium State Taxon

Meadowrue, Cooley's Thalictrum cooleyi E Wetland Florida Dicot

Milkpea, Small's Galactia smallii E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Florida Dicot

Mi nt, Lakela's Dicerandra immaculata E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Florida Dicot

Mint, Longspurred Dicerandra

cornutissima E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Florida Dicot

Mint, Scrub Dicerandra frutescens E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Florida Dicot

Mouse,

Cho ctawhatchee

Beach Peromyscus polionotus

allophrys E Terrestrial,

Coastal Florida Mammal

Mouse, Perdido Key Beach Peromyscus polionotus

trissyllepsis E Terrestrial,

Coastal Florida Mammal

Mouse,

Southeastern

Beach Peromyscus polionotus

niveiventris T Terr estrial,

Coastal Florida Mammal

Mouse, St.

Andrew Beach Peromyscus polionotus

peninsularis E Terrestrial,

Coastal Florida Mammal

Mussel, Fat Threeridge Amblema neislerii E Freshwater Florida Bivalve

Mussel, Gulf

Moccasinshell Medionidus penicillatus E F reshwater Florida Bivalve

Mussel,

Ochlockonee

Moccasinshell Medionidus

simpsonianus E Freshwater Florida Bivalve

Mussel, Oval
Pigtoe Pleurobema pyriforme E Freshwater Florida Bivalve

Mussel, Shiny

rayed

Pocketbook Lampsilis subangulata E Freshwater Flor ida Bivalve

Mustard,

Carter's Warea carteri E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Florida Dicot

### 128 Name S cientific Name Status Medium State Taxon

Panther, Florida Puma (=Felis) concolor

coryi E Terrestrial Florida Mammal

Pawpaw, Four

petal Asimina tetramera E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Florida Dicot

Pinkroot

, Gentian Spigelia gentianoides E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Florida Dicot

Plover, Piping Charadrius melodus E Terrestrial Florida Bird

Plum, Scrub Prunus geniculata E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Florida Dicot

Polygala,

Lewton's Polygala lewtonii E Una ttributed

Wetland

Status Florida Dicot

Polygala, Tiny Polygala smallii E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Florida Dicot

Puma (=Cougar),

Eastern Puma (=Felis) concolor

(all subsp. except coryi) E Terrestrial Florida Mammal

Rhododendron, Chapman Rhododendron

c hapmanii E Wetland Florida Dicot

Rosemary,

Short

- leaved Conradina brevifolia E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Florida Dicot

Salamander,

Frosted

Flatwoods Ambystoma cingulatum T Terrestrial, Freshwater, Vernal pool Florida Amphibian

Salamander,

Reticulated

flatwoods Ambystoma bishopi E Terrestrial,

Freshwater Florida Amphibian

Sandlace Polygonella myriophylla E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Florida Dicot

Sawfish,

Smalltooth Pristis pectinata E Freshwater, Brackish,

Saltwater Florida Fish

### 129 Name S cientific Name Status Medium State Taxon

Scrub

- Jay,

Florida Aphelocoma

coerulescens T Terrestrial Florida Bird

Seagrass,

Johnson's Halophila johnsonii T Wetland Florida Monocot

Shrimp, Squirrel Chimney Cave Palaemonetes

cummingi T Freshwater,

Subterraneous Florida Crustacean

Skink, Blue

tailed Mole Eumeces egreg ius

lividus T Terrestrial Florida Reptile

Skink, Sand Neoseps reynoldsi T Terrestrial Florida Reptile

Skullcap, Florida Scutellaria floridana T Wetland Florida Dicot

Slabshell, Chipola Elliptio chipolaensis T Freshwater Florida Bivalve

Snake, Eastern

I ndigo Drymarchon corais

couperi T Terrestrial Florida Reptile

Sparrow, Cape

Sable Seaside Ammodramus

maritimus mirabilis E Terrestrial Florida Bird

Sparrow, Florida Grasshopper Ammodramus

savannarum floridanus E Terrestrial Florida Bird

Spurge, Deltoid Chamaesyce deltoidea

ssp. deltoidea E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Florida Dicot

Spurge, Garber's Chamaesyce garberi T Unattributed

Wetland

Status Florida Dicot

Spurge, Telephus Euphorbia telephioides T Unattributed

Wetland

Status Florida Dicot

Stork, Wo od Mycteria americana E Terrestrial Florida Bird

Sturgeon, Gulf Acipenser oxyrinchus

desotoi T Freshwater,

Saltwater Florida Fish

Torreya, Florida Torreya taxifolia E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Florida Conf/cycds

### 130 Name S cientific Name Status Medium State Taxon

Vole, Florida Salt

Marsh Microtus

penns ylvanicus dukecampbelli E Terrestrial,

Brackish Florida Mammal

Warbler (=Wood),

Kirtland's Dendroica kirtlandii E Terrestrial Florida Bird

Warbler,

Bachman's Vermivora bachmanii E Terrestrial Florida Bird

Warea, Wide

leaf Warea amplexifolia E Unattribut ed

Wetland

Status Florida Dicot

Water

- willow, Cooley's Justicia cooleyi E Wetland Florida Dicot

Whitlow

- wort, Papery Paronychia chartacea T Unattributed

Wetland

Status Florida Dicot

Wings, Pigeon Clitoria fragrans T Unattributed

Wetland

Status Florida D icot

Wireweed Polygonella basiramia E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Florida Dicot

Woodpecker,
Ivory

- billed Campephilus principalis E Terrestrial Florida Bird

Woodpecker,

Red

- cockaded Picoides borealis E Terrestrial Florida Bird

Ziziphus, Florida Ziziphus celata E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Florida Dicot

Amphianthus,

Little Amphianthus pusillus T Wetland Georgia Dicot

Bankclimber, Purple Elliptoideus sloatianus T Freshwater Georgia Bivalve

Barbara Buttons,

Mohr's Marshallia mohrii T Wetland Georgia Dic ot

Bat, Gray Myotis grisescens E Terrestrial,

Subterraneous Georgia Mammal

Bat, Indiana Myotis sodalis E Terrestrial,

Subterraneous Georgia Mammal

### 131 Name S cientific Name Status Medium State Taxon

Campion, Fringed Silene polypetala E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Georgia Dicot

Chaffseed,

American Schwal bea americana E Wetland Georgia Dicot

Combshell, Upland Epioblasma metastriata E Freshwater Georgia Bivalve

Coneflower,

Smooth Echinacea laevigata E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Georgia Dicot

Darter, Amber Percina antesella E Freshwater Georgia Fish

Dar ter,
Cherokee Etheostoma scotti T Freshwater Georgia Fish

Darter, Etowah Etheostoma etowahae E Freshwater Georgia Fish

Darter, Goldline Percina aurolineata T Freshwater Georgia Fish

Dropwort, Canby's Oxypolis canbyi E Wetland Georgia Dicot

Grass,

Tenne ssee Yellow

- eyed Xyris tennesseensis E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Georgia Monocot

Harperella Ptilimnium nodosum E Wetland Georgia Dicot

Kidneyshell, Triangular Ptychobranchus greenii E Freshwater Georgia Bivalve

Leather

- flower,

Alabama Clematis sociali s E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Georgia Dicot

Logperch,
Conasauga Percina jenkinsi E Freshwater Georgia Fish

Manatee, West

Indian Trichechus manatus E Saltwater Georgia Mammal

Meadowrue, Cooley's Thalictrum cooleyi E Wetland Georgia Dicot

Mussel,

Acorn shell

Southern Epioblasma

othcaloogensis E Freshwater Georgia Bivalve

Mussel, Alabama

Moccasinshell Medionidus acutissimus T Freshwater Georgia Bivalve

### 132 Name S cientific Name Status Medium State Taxon

Mussel, Coosa

Moccasinshell Medionidus parvulus E Freshwater Georgia Bivalve

Mussel, Fat Threeridge A mblema neislerii E Freshwater Georgia Bivalve

Mussel, Fine

lined

Pocketbook Lampsilis altilis T Freshwater Georgia Bivalve

Mussel, Georgia
pigtoe Pleurobema

hanleyianum E Freshwater Georgia Bivalve

Mussel, Gulf

Moccasinshell Medionidus penicillatus E Fr eshwater Georgia Bivalve

Mussel,

Ochlockonee

Moccasinshell Medionidus

simpsonianus E Freshwater Georgia Bivalve

Mussel, Oval
Pigtoe Pleurobema pyriforme E Freshwater Georgia Bivalve

Mussel, Ovate

Clubshell Pleurobema perovatum E Freshwater Georgia Bival ve

Mussel, Shiny

rayed

Pocketbook Lampsilis subangulata E Freshwater Georgia Bivalve

Mussel,

Southern

Clubshell Pleurobema decisum E Freshwater Georgia Bivalve

Mussel, Southern Pigtoe Pleurobema

georgianum E Freshwater Georgia Bivalve

Pitcher

- plant,

Gr een Sarracenia oreophila E Wetland Georgia Dicot

Plover, Piping Charadrius melodus E Terrestrial Georgia Bird

Pogonia, Small

Whorled Isotria medeoloides T Upland Georgia Monocot

Pondberry Lindera melissifolia E Wetland Georgia Dicot

Quillwort, Black

sp ored Isoetes melanospora E Wetland Georgia Ferns

Quillwort, Mat

forming Isoetes tegetiformans E Wetland Georgia Ferns

Rattleweed,
Hairy Baptisia arachnifera E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Georgia Dicot

### 133 Name S cientific Name Status Medium State Taxon

Rocksnail, interrupted Leptoxis foremani E Freshwate r Georgia Gastropod

Salamander,

Frosted

Flatwoods Ambystoma cingulatum T Terrestrial, Freshwater, Vernal pool Georgia Amphibian

Salamander,

Reticulated

flatwoods Ambystoma bishopi E Terrestrial,

Freshwater Georgia Amphibian

Shiner, Blue Cyprinella caeru lea T Freshwater Georgia Fish

Skullcap, Large

flowered Scutellaria montana T Unattributed

Wetland

Status Georgia Dicot

Snail, Lioplax Cylindrical Lioplax

cyclostomaformis E Freshwater Georgia Gastropod

Snake, Eastern Indigo Drymarchon corais

couperi T T errestrial Georgia Reptile

Spiraea, Virginia Spiraea virginiana T Wetland Georgia Dicot

Stork, Wood Mycteria americana E Terrestrial Georgia Bird

Sturgeon,

Shortnose Acipenser brevirostrum E Freshwater,

Saltwater Georgia Fish

Sumac,

Michaux's Rhus mich auxii E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Georgia Dicot

Tern, Roseate Sterna dougallii

dougallii E Terrestrial Georgia Bird

Torreya, Florida Torreya taxifolia E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Georgia Conf/cycds

Trillium,

Persistent Trillium persistens E Unattrib uted

Wetland

Status Georgia Monocot

Trillium, Relict Trillium reliquum E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Georgia Monocot

Turtle, Bog Clemmys muhlenbergii T Terrestrial,

Freshwater Georgia Reptile

Warbler,

Bachman's Vermivora bachmanii E Terrestrial Georgia Bird

### 134 Name S cientific Name Status Medium State Taxon

Water

- plantain,

Kral's Sagittaria secundifolia T Unattributed

Wetland

Status Georgia Monocot

Whale, Humpback Megaptera

novaeangliae E Saltwater Georgia Mammal

Whale, North Atlantic right Eubalaena glacialis

(incl. australis) E Saltwater Georgia Mam mal

Woodpecker,

Red

- cockaded Picoides borealis E Terrestrial Georgia Bird

(ncn) Tetraplasandra

bisattenuata E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Hawaii Dicot

(ncn) Lysimachia venosa E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Hawaii Dicot

(ncn) Phyllostegia hispida E Unatt ributed

Wetland

Status Hawaii Dicot

(ncn) Schiedea attenuata E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Hawaii Dicot

(ncn) Stenogyne kealiae E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Hawaii Dicot

(ncn) Keysseria (=Lagenifera)

erici E Wetland Hawaii Dicot

(ncn) Keysseria (=La genifera)

erici E Wetland Hawaii Dicot

(ncn) Keysseria (=Lagenifera)

helenae E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Hawaii Dicot

(ncn) Cyanea kolekoleensis E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Hawaii Dicot

(ncn) Cyanea kolekoleensis E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Hawai i Dicot

(ncn) Lysimachia iniki E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Hawaii Dicot

### 135 Name S cientific Name Status Medium State Taxon

(ncn) Lysimachia pendens E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Hawaii Dicot

(ncn) Lysimachia scopulensis E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Hawaii Dicot

(ncn) Phyllostegia renovans E Unattrib uted

Wetland

Status Hawaii Dicot

(ncn) Tetraplasandra flynnii E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Hawaii Dicot

(ncn) Diellia mannii E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Hawaii Ferns

(ncn) Doryopteris angelica E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Hawaii Ferns

Abutilon

sand wicense (ncn) Abutilon sandwicense E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Hawaii Dicot

Achyranthes mutica (ncn) Achyranthes mutica E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Hawaii Dicot

Achyranthes splendens var. rotundata (ncn) Achyranthes splendens

var. rotundata E Unattri buted

Wetland

Status Hawaii Dicot

A'e (Zanthoxylum dipetalum var. tomentosum) Zanthoxylum dipetalum

var. tomentosum E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Hawaii Dicot

A'e (Zanthoxylum hawaiiense) Zanthoxylum

hawaiiense E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Hawaii Dicot

'Aiea (Nothocestrum breviflorum) Nothocestrum

breviflorum E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Hawaii Dicot

'Aiea (Nothocestrum peltatum) Nothocestrum peltatum E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Hawaii Dicot

### 136 Name S cientific Name Status Medium State Taxon

Akekee Loxops caeruleirostris E Terrestrial Hawaii Bird

'Akepa, Hawaii Loxops coccineus

coccineus E Terrestrial Hawaii Bird

'Akepa, Maui Loxops coccineus

ochraceus E Terrestrial Hawaii Bird

'Akia Loa, Kauai (Hemignathus procerus) Hemignathus procerus E Terrestrial Hawaii Bird

'Akia Loa, Kauai (Hemignathus

pr ocerus) Hemignathus procerus E Terrestrial Hawaii Bird

'Akia Pola'au (Hemignathus munroi) Hemignathus munroi E Terrestrial Hawaii Bird

Akoko Chamaesyce remyi var.

kauaiensis E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Hawaii Dicot

'akoko Chamaesyce eleanoriae E Unatt ributed

Wetland

Status Hawaii Dicot

'Akoko (Chamaesyce

celastroides var. kaenana) Chamaesyce

celastroides var.

kaenana E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Hawaii Dicot

'Akoko (Chamaesyce deppeana) Chamaesyce deppeana E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Hawaii Dicot

'Akoko (Chamaesyce herbstii) Chamaesyce herbstii E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Hawaii Dicot

'Akoko (Chamaesyce kuwaleana) Chamaesyce kuwaleana E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Hawaii Dicot

'Akoko (Chamaesyce rockii) Chamaesyce rockii E Terrestrial Hawaii D icot

'Akoko (Chamaesyce skottsbergii var.

skottsbe Chamaesyce

skottsbergii var.

kalaeloana E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Hawaii Dicot

### 137 Name S cientific Name Status Medium State Taxon

'Akoko (Euphorbia haeleeleana) Euphorbia haeleeleana E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Hawaii Dicot

alani Melicope degeneri E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Hawaii Dicot

alani Melicope paniculata E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Hawaii Dicot

alani Melicope puberula E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Hawaii Dicot

Alani (Melicope adscendens) Melicope adscendens E Unattributed

Wetland

St atus Hawaii Dicot

Alani (Melicope balloui) Melicope balloui E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Hawaii Dicot

Alani (Melicope haupuensis) Melicope haupuensis E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Hawaii Dicot

Alani (Melicope knudsenii) Melicope knudsenii E Unattribute d

Wetland

Status Hawaii Dicot

Alani (Melicope lydgatei) Melicope lydgatei E Wetland Hawaii Dicot

Alani (Melicope mucronulata) Melicope mucronulata E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Hawaii Dicot

Alani (Melicope ovalis) Melicope ovalis E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Hawaii Dicot

Alani (Melicope pallida) Melicope pallida E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Hawaii Dicot

Alani (Melicope quadrangularis) Melicope

quadrangularis E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Hawaii Dicot

Alani (Melicope

saint

- johnii) Melicope saint

- john ii E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Hawaii Dicot

### 138 Name S cientific Name Status Medium State Taxon

Alani (Melicope zahlbruckneri) Melicope zahlbruckneri E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Hawaii Dicot

Alsinidendron obovatum (ncn) Alsinidendron

obovatum E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Hawaii Dicot

Alsinidendron

t rinerve (ncn) Alsinidendron trinerve E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Hawaii Dicot

Alsinidendron viscosum (ncn) Alsinidendron viscosum E Wetland Hawaii Dicot

Amphipod,

Kauai Cave Spelaeorchestia

koloana E Freshwater,

Subterraneous Hawaii Crustacean

Amphipo d,

Kauai Cave Spelaeorchestia

koloana E Freshwater,

Subterraneous Hawaii Crustacean

'Anaunau (Lepidium arbuscula) Lepidium arbuscula E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Hawaii Dicot

'Anunu (Sicyos alba) Sicyos alba E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Hawaii Dicot

A splenium fragile var. insulare (ncn) Asplenium fragile var.

insulare E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Hawaii Ferns

aumakua, Palapalai Dryopteris crinalis

podosorus E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Hawaii Ferns

Aupaka (Isodendrion hosakae) Isodendrion hosakae E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Hawaii Dicot

Aupaka (Isodendrion laurifolium) Isodendrion laurifolium E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Hawaii Dicot

Aupaka (Isodendrion longifolium) Isodendrion longifolium T Unattributed

Wetland

Status Hawaii Dicot

awikiwiki C

anavalia napaliensis E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Hawaii Dicot

### 139 Name S cientific Name Status Medium State Taxon

'Awiwi (Centaurium sebaeoides) Centaurium sebaeoides E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Hawaii Dicot

'Awiwi (Hedyotis cookiana) Hedyotis cookiana E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Hawaii Dicot

Bat, Hawaiian
Hoary Lasiurus cinereus

semotus E Terrestrial,

Subterraneous Hawaii Mammal

Bluegrass,

Hawaiian Poa sandvicensis E Wetland Hawaii Monocot

Bluegrass, Mann's (Poa mannii) Poa mannii E Wetland Hawaii Monocot

Bonamia menziesii (ncn) Bonamia menziesi i E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Hawaii Dicot

Chamaesyce Halemanui (ncn) Chamaesyce halemanui E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Hawaii Dicot

Coot, Hawaiian (=Alae keo keo) Fulica americana alai E Terrestrial Hawaii Bird

Creeper, Hawaii Oreomystis mana E Terr estrial Hawaii Bird

Creeper, Oahu (Alauwahio) Paroreomyza maculata E Terrestrial Hawaii Bird

Crow, Hawaiian ('Alala) Corvus hawaiiensis E Terrestrial Hawaii Bird

Cyanea undulata (ncn) Cyanea undulata E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Hawaii Dicot

Damselfly , Flying
Earwig Hawaiian Megalagrion nesiotes E Terrestrial Hawaii Insect

Damselfly,

Pacific Hawaiian Megalagrion pacificum E Terrestrial Hawaii Insect

Delissea rhytodisperma (ncn) Delissea rhytidosperma E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Hawaii Dicot

Dielli a erecta (ncn) Diellia erecta E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Hawaii Ferns

### 140 Name S cientific Name Status Medium State Taxon

Diellia falcata (ncn) Diellia falcata E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Hawaii Ferns

Diellia pallida (ncn) Diellia pallida E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Hawaii Ferns

Diellia unisora (n cn) Diellia unisora E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Hawaii Ferns

Diplazium

molokaiense (ncn) Diplazium molokaiense E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Hawaii Ferns

Dubautia latifolia (ncn) Dubautia latifolia E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Hawaii Dicot

Dubautia

p auciflorula (ncn) Dubautia pauciflorula E Wetland Hawaii Dicot

Duck, Hawaiian (Koloa) Anas wyvilliana E Terrestrial,

Freshwater Hawaii Bird

Elepaio, Oahu Chasiempis

sandwichensis ibidis E Terrestrial Hawaii Bird

Fern, Pendant

Kihi (Adenophorus periens) Adenophorus periens E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Hawaii Ferns

Fly, Hawaiian
picture

- wing Drosophila aglaia E Terrestrial Hawaii Insect

Fly, Hawaiian
picture

- wing Drosophila heteroneura E Terrestrial Hawaii Insect

Fly, Hawaiian
picture

- wing Drosophila

m ontgomeryi E Terrestrial Hawaii Insect

Fly, Hawaiian
picture

- wing Drosophila mulli T Terrestrial Hawaii Insect

Fly, Hawaiian
picture

- wing Drosophila musaphilia E Terrestrial Hawaii Insect

Fly, Hawaiian
picture

- wing Drosophila

neoclavisetae E Terrestrial Hawaii Insect

Fly, Hawaiian
picture

- wing Drosophila obatai E Terrestrial Hawaii Insect

### 141 Name S cientific Name Status Medium State Taxon

Fly, Hawaiian
picture

- wing Drosophila

substenoptera E Terrestrial Hawaii Insect

Fly, Hawaiian
picture

- wing Drosophila tarphytrichia E Terrestrial Hawaii Insect

Fly, Hawaiian
picture

- wing Drosophila hemipeza E Terrestrial Hawaii Insect

Fly, Hawaiian
picture

- wing Drosophila ochrobasis E Terrestrial Hawaii Insect

Geranium,

Hawaiian Red

flowered Geranium arboreum E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Hawaii Dicot

Goose, Hawai ian (Nene) Branta (=Nesochen)

sandvicensis E Terrestrial,

Freshwater Hawaii Bird

Gouania hillebrandii (ncn) Gouania hillebrandii E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Hawaii Dicot

Gouania meyenii (ncn) Gouania meyenii E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Hawaii Dicot

Gouania meyenii (ncn) Gouania meyenii E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Hawaii Dicot

Gouania vitifolia (ncn) Gouania vitifolia E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Hawaii Dicot

Grass, Fosberg's

Love Eragrostis fosbergii E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Hawaii Monocot

Haha Cyanea kuhihewa E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Hawaii Dicot

haha Cyanea eleeleensis E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Hawaii Dicot

Haha Cyanea dolichopoda E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Hawaii Dicot

Haha (Cyanea acuminata) Cyanea acuminata E Unattribute d

Wetland

Status Hawaii Dicot

### 142 Name S cientific Name Status Medium State Taxon

Haha (Cyanea asarifolia) Cyanea asarifolia E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Hawaii Dicot

Haha (Cyanea copelandii ssp. copelandii) Cyanea copelandii ssp.

copelandii E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Hawaii Dicot

Haha (Cyanea
Crispa ) (=Rollandia crispa) Cyanea (=Rollandia)

crispa E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Hawaii Dicot

Haha (Cyanea
grimesiana ssp. grimesiana) Cyanea grimesiana ssp.

grimesiana E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Hawaii Dicot

Haha (Cyanea
grimesiana ssp. obatae) Cyanea grimesiana ssp.

obatae E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Hawaii Dicot

Haha (Cyanea hamatiflora ssp. carlsonii) Cyanea hamatiflora ssp.

Carlsonii E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Hawaii Dicot

Haha (Cyanea hamatiflora ssp. hamatiflora) Cyanea hamatiflora ssp.

ham atiflora E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Hawaii Dicot

Haha (Cyanea humboldtiana) Cyanea humboldtiana E Wetland Hawaii Dicot

Haha (Cyanea koolauensis) Cyanea koolauensis E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Hawaii Dicot

Haha (Cyanea lobata) Cyanea lobata E Unattr ibuted

Wetland

Status Hawaii Dicot

Haha (Cyanea longiflora) Cyanea longiflora E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Hawaii Dicot

Haha (Cyanea mceldowneyi) Cyanea mceldowneyi E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Hawaii Dicot

Haha (Cyanea pinnatifida) Cyanea pinnatifida E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Hawaii Dicot

### 143 Name S cientific Name Status Medium State Taxon

Haha (Cyanea platyphylla) Cyanea platyphylla E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Hawaii Dicot

Haha (Cyanea recta) Cyanea recta T Unattributed

Wetland

Status Hawaii Dicot

Haha (Cyanea remyi) Cyanea remyi E Unattribut ed

Wetland

Status Hawaii Dicot

Haha (Cyanea shipmanii) Cyanea shipmannii E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Hawaii Dicot

Haha (Cyanea stictophylla) Cyanea stictophylla E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Hawaii Dicot

Haha (Cyanea St

Johnii) (=Rollandia St

Johnii) Cyanea st

- johnii E Wetland Hawaii Dicot

Haha (Cyanea superba) Cyanea superba E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Hawaii Dicot

Haha (Cyanea truncata) Cyanea truncata E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Hawaii Dicot

haiwale Cyrtandra paliku E Unattributed

Wetland

Sta tus Hawaii Dicot

Ha'Iwale (Cyrtandra crenata) Cyrtandra crenata E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Hawaii Dicot

Ha'Iwale (Cyrtandra dentata) Cyrtandra dentata E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Hawaii Dicot

Ha'Iwale (Cyrtandra giffardii) Cyrtandra giffardii E Una ttributed

Wetland

Status Hawaii Dicot

Ha'Iwale (Cyrtandra limahuliensis) Cyrtandra limahuliensis T Unattributed

Wetland

Status Hawaii Dicot

### 144 Name S cientific Name Status Medium State Taxon

Ha'Iwale (Cyrtandra munroi) Cyrtandra munroi E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Hawaii Dicot

Ha'iwale (Cyrtandra

oenob arba) Cyrtandra oenobarba E Wetland Hawaii Dicot

Ha'Iwale (Cyrtandra polyantha) Cyrtandra polyantha E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Hawaii Dicot

Ha'Iwale (Cyrtandra subumbellata) Cyrtandra subumbellata E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Hawaii Dicot

Ha'Iwale ( Cyrtandra tintinnabula) Cyrtandra tintinnabula E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Hawaii Dicot

Ha'Iwale (Cyrtandra viridiflora) Cyrtandra viridiflora E Wetland Hawaii Dicot

Hala Pepe (Pleomele hawaiiensis) Pleomele hawaiiensis E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Ha waii Monocot

Haplostachys Haplostachya (ncn) Haplostachys

haplostachya E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Hawaii Dicot

Hau Kauhiwi (Hibiscadelphus woodi) Hibiscadelphus woodii E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Hawaii Dicot

Hau Kuahiwi (Hibiscadelphus distans) Hi biscadelphus distans E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Hawaii Dicot

Hau Kuahiwi (Hibiscadelphus giffardianus) Hibiscadelphus

giffardianus E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Hawaii Dicot

Hau Kuahiwi (Hibiscadelphus hualalaiensis) Hibiscadelphus

hualalaiensis E Una ttributed

Wetland

Status Hawaii Dicot

Hawaiian picture

- wing Fly Drosophila sharpi E Terrestrial Hawaii Insect

Hawk, Hawaiian (Io) Buteo solitarius E Terrestrial Hawaii Bird

### 145 Name S cientific Name Status Medium State Taxon

Heau (Exocarpos luteolus) Exocarpos luteolus E Upland Hawaii Dicot

Hedyotis deg eneri (ncn) Hedyotis degeneri E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Hawaii Dicot

Hedyotis parvula (ncn) Hedyotis parvula E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Hawaii Dicot

Hedyotis St.

- Johnii (ncn) Hedyotis st.

- johnii E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Hawaii Dicot

Hesperom annia

arborescens (ncn) Hesperomannia

arborescens E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Hawaii Dicot

Hesperomannia arbuscula (ncn) Hesperomannia

arbuscula E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Hawaii Dicot

Hesperomannia lydgatei (ncn) Hesperomannia

lydgatei E Unattribut ed

Wetland

Status Hawaii Dicot

Hibiscus, Clay's Hibiscus clayi E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Hawaii Dicot

Hilo Ischaemum (Ischaemum byrone) Ischaemum byrone E Upland Hawaii Monocot

ho'awa Pittosporum napaliense E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Hawaii Dicot

Holei (Ochrosia kilaueaensis) Ochrosia kilaueaensis E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Hawaii Dicot

Honeycreeper,

Crested ('Akohekohe) Palmeria dolei E Terrestrial Hawaii Bird

'Ihi'Ihi (Marsilea villosa) Marsilea villosa E Wetland Hawaii Ferns

Iliau (Wilke sia hobdyi) Wilkesia hobdyi E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Hawaii Dicot

### 146 Name S cientific Name Status Medium State Taxon

kamakahala Labordia helleri E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Hawaii Dicot

kamakahala Labordia pumila E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Hawaii Dicot

Kamakahala (Labordia cyrtandrae) Labordia cyrtandrae E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Hawaii Dicot

Kamakahala (Labordia lydgatei) Labordia lydgatei E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Hawaii Dicot

Kamakahala (Labordia

tinifolia var. wahiawaen) Labordia tinifolia var.

wahiawaensis E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Hawaii Dicot

Kamanomano (Cenchrus agrimonioides) Cenchrus agrimonioides E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Hawaii Monocot

Kauai creeper Oreomystis bairdi E Terrestrial Hawaii Bird

Kauila (Colubrina oppositifolia) Colubrina oppositifolia E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Hawaii Dicot

Kaulu (Pteralyxia kauaiensis) Pteralyxia kauaiensis E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Hawaii Dicot

Kio'Ele (Hedyotis coriacea) Hedyotis coriacea E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Hawaii Dicot

Kiponapona (Phyllostegia racemosa) Phyll ostegia racemosa E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Hawaii Dicot

Koki'o (Kokia drynarioides) Kokia drynarioides E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Hawaii Dicot

Koki'o (Kokia kauaiensis) Kokia kauaiensis E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Hawaii Dicot

### 147 Name S cientific Name Status Medium State Taxon

Koki'o Ke'oke'o ( Hibiscus
waimeae ssp. hannerae) Hibiscus waimeae ssp.

hannerae E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Hawaii Dicot

kolea Myrsine mezii E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Hawaii Dicot

Kolea Myrsine knudsenii E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Hawaii Dicot

Kolea (Myrsine
ju ddii) Myrsine juddii E Wetland Hawaii Dicot

Kolea (Myrsine linearifolia) Myrsine linearifolia T Unattributed

Wetland

Status Hawaii Dicot

Ko'oko'olau (Bidens micrantha ssp. kalealaha) Bidens micrantha ssp.

kalealaha E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Hawaii Di cot

Ko'oloa'ula (Abutilon menziesii) Abutilon menziesii E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Hawaii Dicot

kopiko Psychotria grandiflora E Upland Hawaii Dicot

kopiko Psychotria hobdyi E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Hawaii Dicot

Kuawawaenohu (Alsinidendron lychn oides) Alsinidendron

lychnoides E Wetland Hawaii Dicot

Kulu'I (Nototrichium humile) Nototrichium humile E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Hawaii Dicot

Lau'ehu (Panicum niihauense) Panicum niihauense E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Hawaii Monocot

Laukahi Kuahi wi (Plantago hawaiensis) Plantago hawaiensis E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Hawaii Dicot

### 148 Name S cientific Name Status Medium State Taxon

Laulihilihi (Schiedea stellarioides) Schiedea stellarioides E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Hawaii Dicot

lehua makanoe Lysimachia daphnoides E Wetland Hawaii Dicot

Lil iwai (Acaena exigua) Acaena exigua E Wetland Hawaii Dicot

Lipochaeta venosa (ncn) Lipochaeta venosa E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Hawaii Dicot

lo`ulu Pritchardia hardyi E Wetland Hawaii Monocot

Lo`ulu (Pritchardia affinis) Pritchardia affinis E Upland H awaii Monocot

Lo`ulu (Pritchardia kaalae) Pritchardia kaalae E Upland Hawaii Monocot

Lo`ulu (Pritchardia napaliensis) Pritchardia napaliensis E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Hawaii Monocot

Lo`ulu (Pritchardia schattaueri) Pritchardia schattaueri E Unattri buted

Wetland

Status Hawaii Monocot

Lo`ulu (Pritchardia viscosa) Pritchardia viscosa E Wetland Hawaii Monocot

Lobelia monostachya (ncn) Lobelia monostachya E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Hawaii Dicot

Lobelia niihauensis (ncn) Lobelia niihauensis E Terres trial Hawaii Dicot

Lobelia oahuensis (ncn) Lobelia oahuensis E Wetland Hawaii Dicot

Lysimachia filifolia (ncn) Lysimachia filifolia E Wetland Hawaii Dicot

Lysimachia lydgatei (ncn) Lysimachia lydgatei E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Hawaii Dicot

### 149 Name S cientific Name Status Medium State Taxon

Mahoe (A lectryon macrococcus) Alectryon macrococcus E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Hawaii Dicot

Makou (Peucedanum sandwicense) Peucedanum

sandwicense T Unattributed

Wetland

Status Hawaii Dicot

Ma'o Hau Hele (Hibiscus brackenridgei) Hibiscus brackenridgei E Unattr ibuted

Wetland

Status Hawaii Dicot

Ma'oli'oli (Schiedea apokremnos) Schiedea apokremnos E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Hawaii Dicot

Ma'oli'oli (Schiedea kealiae) Schiedea kealiae E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Hawaii Dicot

Mapele (Cyrtandra cyaneoides) Cy rtandra cyaneoides E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Hawaii Dicot

Mariscus fauriei (ncn) Mariscus fauriei E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Hawaii Monocot

Mariscus pennatiformis (ncn) Mariscus pennatiformis E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Hawaii Monocot

Mehameham e (Flueggea neowawraea) Flueggea neowawraea E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Hawaii Dicot

Moorhen,

Hawaiian

Common Gallinula chloropus

sandvicensis E Terrestrial Hawaii Bird

Moth,

Blackburn's Sphinx Manduca blackburni E Terrestrial Hawaii Insect

Munroidend ron

racemosum (ncn) Munroidendron

racemosum E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Hawaii Dicot

Na`ena`e Dubautia waialealae E Wetland Hawaii Dicot

na`ena`e Dubautia imbricata

imbricata E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Hawaii Dicot

### 150 Name S cientific Name Status Medium State Taxon

na`ena`e Dubautia plantaginea

mag nifolia E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Hawaii Dicot

Naenae Dubautia kalalauensis E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Hawaii Dicot

Naenae Dubautia kenwoodii E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Hawaii Dicot

Na'ena'e (Dubautia herbstobatae) Dubautia herbstobatae E Unat tributed

Wetland

Status Hawaii Dicot

Na'ena'e (Dubautia plantaginea ssp. humilis) Dubautia plantaginea

ssp. humilis E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Hawaii Dicot

Nani Wai'ale'ale (Viola kauaensis

var. wahiawaensis) Viola kauaiensis var.

wahiawaensis E Unatt ributed

Wetland

Status Hawaii Dicot

Nanu (Gardenia mannii) Gardenia mannii E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Hawaii Dicot

Na'u (Gardenia brighamii) Gardenia brighamii E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Hawaii Dicot

Naupaka, Dwarf (Scaevola coriacea) Scaevola cor iacea E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Hawaii Dicot

Nehe (Lipochaeta fauriei) Lipochaeta fauriei E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Hawaii Dicot

Nehe (Lipochaeta kamolensis) Lipochaeta kamolensis E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Hawaii Dicot

Nehe (Lipochaeta

lobat a var. leptophylla) Lipochaeta lobata var.

leptophylla E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Hawaii Dicot

### 151 Name S cientific Name Status Medium State Taxon

Nehe (Lipochaeta micrantha) Lipochaeta micrantha E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Hawaii Dicot

Nehe (Lipochaeta tenuifolia) Lipochaeta tenuifolia E Unattribute d

Wetland

Status Hawaii Dicot

Nehe (Lipochaeta waimeaensis) Lipochaeta

waimeaensis E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Hawaii Dicot

Neraudia angulata (ncn) Neraudia angulata E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Hawaii Dicot

Neraudia ovata (ncn) Neraudia ovata E Unat tributed

Wetland

Status Hawaii Dicot

Neraudia sericea (ncn) Neraudia sericea E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Hawaii Dicot

Nioi (Eugenia koolauensis) Eugenia koolauensis E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Hawaii Dicot

nohoanu Geranium kauaiense E Wetland Hawaii Dicot

Nohoanu (Geranium multiflorum) Geranium multiflorum E Wetland Hawaii Dicot

Nuku Pu'u, Kauai Hemignathus lucidus

hanapepe E Terrestrial Hawaii Bird

Nuku Pu'u, Maui Hemignathus lucidus

affinus E Terrestrial Hawaii Bird

'Oha (Delissea rivularis) De lissea rivularis E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Hawaii Dicot

'Oha (Delissea subcordata) Delissea subcordata E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Hawaii Dicot

'Oha (Delissea undulata) Delissea undulata E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Hawaii Dicot

### 152 Name S cientific Name Status Medium State Taxon

'Oha (Lobelia

gau dichaudii koolauensis) Lobelia gaudichaudii

ssp. koolauensis E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Hawaii Dicot

'Oha Wai (Clermontia drepanomorpha) Clermontia

drepanomorpha E Wetland Hawaii Dicot

'Oha Wai (Clermontia lindseyana) Clermontia lindseyana E Unattribu ted

Wetland

Status Hawaii Dicot

'Oha Wai (Clermontia oblongifolia ssp. mauiensis) Clermontia oblongifolia

ssp. mauiensis E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Hawaii Dicot

'Oha Wai (Clermontia peleana) Clermontia peleana E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Hawaii Dico t

'Oha Wai (Clermontia pyrularia) Clermontia pyrularia E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Hawaii Dicot

'Oha Wai (Clermontia samuelii) Clermontia samuelii E Wetland Hawaii Dicot

'Ohai (Sesbania tomentosa) Sesbania tomentosa E Upland Hawaii Dicot

'Ohe'ohe (Te traplasandra gymnocarpa) Tetraplasandra

gymnocarpa E Wetland Hawaii Dicot

'Olulu (Brighamia insignis) Brighamia insignis E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Hawaii Dicot

'O'o, Kauai (='A'a) Moho braccatus E Terrestrial Hawaii Bird

Opuhe (Urera kaalae) Urera k aalae E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Hawaii Dicot

'O'u (Honeycreeper) Psittirostra psittacea E Terrestrial Hawaii Bird

Pa'iniu Astelia waialealae E Wetland Hawaii Monocot

Palila Loxioides bailleui E Terrestrial Hawaii Bird

### 153 Name S cientific Name Status Medium State Taxon

Pamakani (Viola

chamissoniana

ssp. chamissoniana) Viola chamissoniana

ssp. chamissoniana E Upland Hawaii Dicot

Panicgrass,

Carter's (Panicum fauriei var.carteri) Panicum fauriei var.

carteri E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Hawaii Monocot

Papala Charpentiera densiflora E Unattributed

We tland

Status Hawaii Dicot

Parrotbill, Maui Pseudonestor

xanthophrys E Terrestrial Hawaii Bird

Pauoa (Ctenitis squamigera) Ctenitis squamigera E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Hawaii Ferns

Petrel, Hawaiian

Dark

- rumped Pterodroma phaeopygia

sandwichensis E T errestrial Hawaii Bird

Phyllostegia hirsuta (ncn) Phyllostegia hirsuta E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Hawaii Dicot

Phyllostegia kaalaensis (ncn) Phyllostegia kaalaensis E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Hawaii Dicot

Phyllostegia knudsenii (ncn) Phyllostegia knudsenii E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Hawaii Dicot

Phyllostegia mannii (ncn) Phyllostegia mannii E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Hawaii Dicot

Phyllostegia mollis (ncn) Phyllostegia mollis E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Hawaii Dicot

Phyllostegia parviflor a (ncn) Phyllostegia parviflora E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Hawaii Dicot

Phyllostegia velutina (ncn) Phyllostegia velutina E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Hawaii Dicot

### 154 Name S cientific Name Status Medium State Taxon

Phyllostegia waimeae (ncn) Phyllostegia waimeae E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Hawaii D icot

Phyllostegia warshaueri (ncn) Phyllostegia warshaueri E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Hawaii Dicot

Phyllostegia wawrana (ncn) Phyllostegia wawrana E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Hawaii Dicot

Pilo (Hedyotis mannii) Hedyotis mannii E Unattributed

Wetlan d

Status Hawaii Dicot

pilo kea lau li`i Platydesma rostrata E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Hawaii Dicot

Platanthera holochila (ncn) Platanthera holochila E Wetland Hawaii Monocot

Poa siphonoglossa (ncn) Poa siphonoglossa E Wetland Hawaii Monocot

Po'e (P ortulaca sclerocarpa) Portulaca sclerocarpa E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Hawaii Dicot

Po'ouli Melamprosops

phaeosoma E Terrestrial Hawaii Bird

Popolo

'Aiakeakua (Solanum sandwicense) Solanum sandwicense E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Hawaii Dicot

Popolo Ku Mai (Solanum incompletum) Solanum incompletum E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Hawaii Dicot

Pteris lidgatei (ncn) Pteris lidgatei E Wetland Hawaii Ferns

Pua'ala (Brighamia rockii) Brighamia rockii E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Hawaii Dicot

Pu'uka'a (Cy perus trachysanthos) Cyperus trachysanthos E Wetland Hawaii Monocot

### 155 Name S cientific Name Status Medium State Taxon

Remya kauaiensis (ncn) Remya kauaiensis E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Hawaii Dicot

Remya montgomeryi (ncn) Remya montgomeryi E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Hawaii Dicot

Remya, Maui Remya mauiensis E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Hawaii Dicot

Sandalwood, Lanai (='Iliahi) Santalum

freycinetianum var.

lanaiense E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Hawaii Dicot

Sanicula mariversa (ncn) Sanicula mariversa E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Hawaii Dicot

S anicula purpurea (ncn) Sanicula purpurea E Wetland Hawaii Dicot

Schiedea

haleakalensis (ncn) Schiedea haleakalensis E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Hawaii Dicot

Schiedea helleri (ncn) Schiedea helleri E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Hawaii Dicot

Schiedea

ho okeri (ncn) Schiedea hookeri E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Hawaii Dicot

Schiedea kaalae (ncn) Schiedea kaalae E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Hawaii Dicot

Schiedea kauaiensis (ncn) Schiedea kauaiensis E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Hawaii Dicot

Schiedea

me mbranacea (ncn) Schiedea membranacea E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Hawaii Dicot

Schiedea nuttallii (ncn) Schiedea nuttallii E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Hawaii Dicot

Schiedea spergulina var. leiopoda (ncn) Schiedea spergulina var.

leiopoda E Unattribute d

Wetland

Status Hawaii Dicot

### 156 Name S cientific Name Status Medium State Taxon

Schiedea spergulina var. spergulina (ncn) Schiedea spergulina var.

spergulina T Unattributed

Wetland

Status Hawaii Dicot

Schiedea,

Diamond Head (Schiedea adamantis) Schiedea adamantis E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Hawaii Dic ot

Seal, Hawaiian

Monk Monachus

schauinslandi E Saltwater,

Coastal Hawaii Mammal

Shearwater,

Newell's

Townsend's Puffinus auricularis

newelli T Terrestrial,

Saltwater Hawaii Bird

Silene

hawaiiensis (ncn) Silene hawaiiensis T Unattributed

Wetland

Status Hawaii Dicot

Silene lanceolata (ncn) Silene lanceolata E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Hawaii Dicot

Silene perlmanii (ncn) Silene perlmanii E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Hawaii Dicot

Silversword,

Haleakala ('Ahinahina) Argyroxiphium

sandwicense ssp.

macro cephalum T Unattributed

Wetland

Status Hawaii Dicot

Silversword,

Ka'u (Argyroxiphium kauense) Argyroxiphium kauense E Wetland Hawaii Dicot

Silversword,

Mauna Kea ('Ahinahina) Argyroxiphium

sandwicense ssp.

sandwicense E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Hawaii Dicot

Snail,

Newcomb's Erinna newcombi T Freshwater Hawaii Gastropod

Snail, O'ahu Tree (Achatinella abbreviata) Achatinella abbreviata E Terrestrial Hawaii Gastropod

Snail, O'ahu Tree (Achatinella apexfulva) Achatinella apexfulva E Terrestrial Hawaii G astropod

### 157 Name S cientific Name Status Medium State Taxon

Snail, O'ahu Tree (Achatinella bellula) Achatinella bellula E Terrestrial Hawaii Gastropod

Snail, O'ahu Tree (Achatinella buddii) Achatinella buddii E Terrestrial Hawaii Gastropod

Snail, O'ahu Tree (Achatinella bulimoides) Achatinella bulimoide s E Terrestrial Hawaii Gastropod

Snail, O'ahu Tree (Achatinella byronii) Achatinella byronii E Terrestrial Hawaii Gastropod

Snail, O'ahu Tree (Achatinella caesia) Achatinella caesia E Terrestrial Hawaii Gastropod

Snail, O'ahu Tree (Achatinella casta) Ac hatinella casta E Terrestrial Hawaii Gastropod

Snail, O'ahu Tree (Achatinella cestus) Achatinella cestus E Terrestrial Hawaii Gastropod

Snail, O'ahu Tree (Achatinella concavospira) Achatinella

concavospira E Terrestrial Hawaii Gastropod

Snail, O'ahu Tre e (Achatinella curta) Achatinella curta E Terrestrial Hawaii Gastropod

Snail, O'ahu Tree (Achatinella decipiens) Achatinella decipiens E Terrestrial Hawaii Gastropod

### 158 Name S cientific Name Status Medium State Taxon

Snail, O'ahu Tree (Achatinella decora) Achatinella decora E Terrestrial Hawaii Gastropod

Snail, O'ahu Tree (Achatinella dimorpha) Achatinella dimorpha E Terrestrial Hawaii Gastropod

Snail, O'ahu Tree (Achatinella elegans) Achatinella elegans E Terrestrial Hawaii Gastropod

Snail, O'ahu Tree (Achatinella fulgens) Achatinella fulgens E Terres trial Hawaii Gastropod

Snail, O'ahu Tree (Achatinella fuscobasis) Achatinella fuscobasis E Terrestrial Hawaii Gastropod

Snail, O'ahu Tree (Achatinella juddii) Achatinella juddii E Terrestrial Hawaii Gastropod

Snail, O'ahu Tree (Achatinella juncea) Achat inella juncea E Terrestrial Hawaii Gastropod

Snail, O'ahu Tree (Achatinella lehuiensis) Achatinella lehuiensis E Terrestrial Hawaii Gastropod

Snail, O'ahu Tree (Achatinella leucorraphe) Achatinella leucorraphe E Terrestrial Hawaii Gastropod

Snail, O'ahu Tree (Achatinella lila) Achatinella lila E Terrestrial Hawaii Gastropod

### 159 Name S cientific Name Status Medium State Taxon

Snail, O'ahu Tree (Achatinella livida) Achatinella livida E Terrestrial Hawaii Gastropod

Snail, O'ahu Tree (Achatinella lorata) Achatinella lorata E Terrestrial Hawaii Gastropod

Sn ail, O'ahu Tree (Achatinella mustelina) Achatinella mustelina E Terrestrial Hawaii Gastropod

Snail, O'ahu Tree (Achatinella papyracea) Achatinella papyracea E Terrestrial Hawaii Gastropod

Snail, O'ahu Tree (Achatinella phaeozona) Achatinella phaeozona E Terrestrial Hawaii Gastropod

Snail, O'ahu Tree (Achatinella pulcherrima) Achatinella pulcherrima E Terrestrial Hawaii Gastropod

Snail, O'ahu Tree (Achatinella pupukanioe) Achatinella pupukanioe E Terrestrial Hawaii Gastropod

Snail, O'ahu Tree (Achatinel la rosea) Achatinella rosea E Terrestrial Hawaii Gastropod

Snail, O'ahu Tree (Achatinella sowerbyana) Achatinella sowerbyana E Terrestrial Hawaii Gastropod

Snail, O'ahu Tree (Achatinella spaldingi) Achatinella spaldingi E Terrestrial Hawaii Gastropod

### 160 Name S cientific Name Status Medium State Taxon

Sn ail, O'ahu Tree (Achatinella stewartii) Achatinella stewartii E Terrestrial Hawaii Gastropod

Snail, O'ahu Tree (Achatinella swiftii) Achatinella swiftii E Terrestrial Hawaii Gastropod

Snail, O'ahu Tree (Achatinella taeniolata) Achatinella taeniolata E Te rrestrial Hawaii Gastropod

Snail, O'ahu Tree (Achatinella thaanumi) Achatinella thaahumi E Terrestrial Hawaii Gastropod

Snail, O'ahu Tree (Achatinella turgida) Achatinella turgida E Terrestrial Hawaii Gastropod

Snail, O'ahu Tree (Achatinella valida) Ach atinella valida E Terrestrial Hawaii Gastropod

Snail, O'ahu Tree (Achatinella viridans) Achatinella viridans E Terrestrial Hawaii Gastropod

Snail, O'ahu Tree (Achatinella vittata) Achatinella vittata E Terrestrial Hawaii Gastropod

Snail, O'ahu Tree (Ach atinella vulpina) Achatinella vulpina E Terrestrial Hawaii Gastropod

Spermolepis

hawaiiensis (ncn) Spermolepis

hawaiiensis E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Hawaii Dicot

Spider, Kauai

Cave Wolf Adelocosa anops E Terrestrial,

Subterraneous Hawaii Arachnid

### 161 Name S cientific Name Status Medium State Taxon

St enogyne angustifolia (ncn) Stenogyne angustifolia

var. angustifolia E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Hawaii Dicot

Stenogyne campanulata (ncn) Stenogyne campanulata E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Hawaii Dicot

Stenogyne kanehoana (ncn) Stenogyne kanehoana E Un attributed

Wetland

Status Hawaii Dicot

Stilt, Hawaiian (=Ae'o) Himantopus mexicanus

knudseni E Terrestrial Hawaii Bird

Swiftlet,
Mariana Gray (=Vanikoro) Aerodramus

vanikorensis bartschi E Terrestrial Hawaii Bird

Tetramolopium arenarium (ncn) Tetramolop ium

arenarium E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Hawaii Dicot

Tetramolopium capillare (ncn) Tetramolopium

capillare E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Hawaii Dicot

Tetramolopium filiforme (ncn) Tetramolopium

filiforme E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Hawaii Dicot

Te tramolopium lepidotum ssp. lepidotum (ncn) Tetramolopium

lepidotum ssp. lepidotum E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Hawaii Dicot

Tetramolopium rockii (ncn) Tetramolopium rockii T Unattributed

Wetland

Status Hawaii Dicot

Thrush, Large

Kauai Myadestes myadesti nus E Terrestrial Hawaii Bird

Thrush, Small Kauai (Puaiohi) Myadestes palmeri E Terrestrial Hawaii Bird

Trematolobelia singularis (ncn) Trematolobelia

singularis E Wetland Hawaii Dicot

Uhiuhi (Caesalpinia kavaiensis) Caesalpinia kavaiense E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Hawaii Dicot

### 162 Name S cientific Name Status Medium State Taxon

Vetch, Hawaiian (Vicia menziesii) Vicia menziesii E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Hawaii Dicot

Vigna o

wahuensis (ncn) Vigna o

- wahuensis E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Hawaii Dicot

Viola helenae (ncn) Viola helenae E Wetland Ha waii Dicot

Viola oahuensis (ncn) Viola oahuensis E Wetland Hawaii Dicot

Wahine Noho

Kula (Isodendrion pyrifolium) Isodendrion pyrifolium E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Hawaii Dicot

Wawae'Iole (Phlegmariurus (=Huperzia) mannii) Huperzia mannii E Unattribu ted

Wetland

Status Hawaii Ferns

Wawae'Iole (Phlegmariurus (=Lycopodium) nutans) Lycopodium

(=Phlegmariurus)

nutans E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Hawaii Ferns

Xylosma crenatum (ncn) Xylosma crenatum E Wetland Hawaii Dicot

Bear, Grizzly Ursus arctos horri bilis T Terrestrial Idaho Mammal

Caribou,

Woodland Rangifer tarandus

caribou E Terrestrial Idaho Mammal

Catchfly, Spalding's Silene spaldingii T Unattributed

Wetland

Status Idaho Dicot

Four

- o'clock,

Macfarlane's Mirabilis macfarlanei T Unattributed

Wetl and

Status Idaho Dicot

Howellia, Water Howellia aquatilis T Wetland Idaho Dicot

Ladies'

- tresses,

Ute Spiranthes diluvialis T Wetland Idaho Monocot

Limpet, Banbury
Springs Lanx sp. E Freshwater Idaho Gastropod
Lynx, Canada Lynx canadensis T Terrestrial Idaho Mammal

### 163 Name S cientific Name Status Medium State Taxon

Peppergrass, Slick Spot Lepidium papilliferum T Unattributed

Wetland

Status Idaho Dicot

Salmon, Chinook Oncorhynchus (=Salmo)

tshawytscha E/T Freshwater, Brackish,

Saltwater Idaho Fish

Salmon, Sockeye Oncorhynchus (=Salmo)

nerka E Freshwate r, Brackish,

Saltwater Idaho Fish

Snail, Bliss Rapids Taylorconcha

serpenticola T Freshwater Idaho Gastropod

Snail, Snake River Physa Physa natricina E Terrestrial Idaho Gastropod

Springsnail,

Bruneau Hot Pyrgulopsis

bruneauensis E Freshwater Idaho Gast ropod

Squirrel,

Northern Idaho

Ground Spermophilus brunneus

brunneus T Terrestrial Idaho Mammal

Steelhead Oncorhynchus (=Salmo)

mykiss E Freshwater, Brackish,

Saltwater Idaho Fish

Sturgeon, White Acipenser

transmontanus E Freshwater,

Saltwater Idaho Fis h

Trout, Bull Salvelinus confluentus T Freshwater Idaho Fish

Amphipod,

Illinois Cave Gammarus

acherondytes E Freshwater,

Subterraneous Illinois Crustacean

Aster, Decurrent

False Boltonia decurrens T Unattributed

Wetland

Status Illinois Dicot

Bat, Gray Myotis grisescens E Terrestrial,

Subterraneous Illinois Mammal

Bat, Indiana Myotis sodalis E Terrestrial,

Subterraneous Illinois Mammal

Butterfly, Karner

Blue Lycaeides melissa

samuelis E Terrestrial Illinois Insect

Clover, Leafy

Prairie Dalea foliosa E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Illinois Dicot

### 164 Name S cientific Name Status Medium State Taxon

Clover, Prairie

Bush Lespedeza leptostachya T Unattributed

Wetland

Status Illinois Dicot

Daisy, Lakeside Hymenoxys herbacea T Unattributed

Wetland

Status Illinois Dicot

Dragonfly, Hine's

Emerald Somatochlora h ineana E Terrestrial,

Freshwater Illinois Insect

Fanshell Cyprogenia stegaria E Freshwater Illinois Bivalve

Milkweed,

Mead's Asclepias meadii T Unattributed

Wetland

Status Illinois Dicot

Mucket, Pink (Pearlymussel) Lampsilis abrupta E Freshwater Illinoi s Bivalve

Mussel,

Clubshell Pleurobema clava E Freshwater Illinois Bivalve

Orchid, Eastern Prairie Fringed Platanthera leucophaea T Wetland Illinois Monocot

Pearlymussel,

Fat Pocketbook Potamilus capax E Freshwater Illinois Bivalve

Pearlymussel,
Higgin s' Eye Lampsilis higginsii E Freshwater Illinois Bivalve

Pearlymussel,
Orange

- footed Plethobasus

cooperianus E Freshwater Illinois Bivalve

Plover, Piping Charadrius melodus E Terrestrial Illinois Bird

Pogonia, Small

Whorled Isotria medeoloides T Upland Illinois Monocot

Potato

- bean,

Price's Apios priceana T Unattributed

Wetland

Status Illinois Dicot

Snail, Iowa

Pleistocene Discus macclintocki E Terrestrial Illinois Gastropod

Sturgeon, Pallid Scaphirhynchus albus E Freshwater Illinois Fish

Sturgeon,

Sh ovelnose Scaphirhynchus

platorynchus SAT Saltwater Illinois Fish

Tern, Interior (population)

Least Sterna antillarum E Terrestrial Illinois Bird

### 165 Name S cientific Name Status Medium State Taxon

Thistle, Pitcher's Cirsium pitcheri T Unattributed

Wetland

Status Illinois Dicot

Bat, Gray Myotis grisescens E Terrestrial,

Subterraneous Indiana Mammal

Bat, Indiana Myotis sodalis E Terrestrial,

Subterraneous Indiana Mammal

Butterfly, Karner

Blue Lycaeides melissa

samuelis E Terrestrial Indiana Insect

Butterfly, Mitchell's Satyr Neonympha mitchellii

mitchell ii E Terrestrial,

Perm. wetland Indiana Insect

Clover, Running

Buffalo Trifolium stoloniferum E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Indiana Dicot

Fanshell Cyprogenia stegaria E Freshwater Indiana Bivalve

Goldenrod,

Short's Solidago shortii E Unattributed

Wetlan d

Status Indiana Dicot

Milkweed,

Mead's Asclepias meadii T Unattributed

Wetland

Status Indiana Dicot

Mucket, Pink (Pearlymussel) Lampsilis abrupta E Freshwater Indiana Bivalve

Mussel,

Clubshell Pleurobema clava E Freshwater Indiana Bivalve

Mussel, Roug h
Pigtoe Pleurobema plenum E Freshwater Indiana Bivalve

Orchid, Eastern Prairie Fringed Platanthera leucophaea T Wetland Indiana Monocot

Pearlymussel,

Fat Pocketbook Potamilus capax E Freshwater Indiana Bivalve

Pearlymussel,

White Cat's Paw Epioblasma o bliquata

perobliqua E Freshwater Indiana Bivalve

Riffleshell,

Northern Epioblasma torulosa

rangiana E Freshwater Indiana Bivalve

Snake, Northern Copperbelly

Water Nerodia erythrogaster

neglecta T Terrestrial,

Freshwater Indiana Reptile

### 166 Name S cientific Name Status Medium State Taxon

Tern, Interior (p opulation)

Least Sterna antillarum E Terrestrial Indiana Bird

Thistle, Pitcher's Cirsium pitcheri T Unattributed

Wetland

Status Indiana Dicot

Bat, Indiana Myotis sodalis E Terrestrial,

Subterraneous Iowa Mammal

Clover, Prairie

Bush Lespedeza leptostachy a T Unattributed

Wetland

Status Iowa Dicot

Milkweed,

Mead's Asclepias meadii T Unattributed

Wetland

Status Iowa Dicot

Monkshood,

Northern Wild Aconitum

noveboracense T Unattributed

Wetland

Status Iowa Dicot

Mussel, Dwarf Wedge Alasmidonta heterodon E Fr eshwater Iowa Bivalve

Orchid, Eastern Prairie Fringed Platanthera leucophaea T Wetland Iowa Monocot

Orchid, Western Prairie Fringed Platanthera praeclara T Unattributed

Wetland

Status Iowa Monocot

Pearlymussel, Higgins' Eye Lampsilis higginsii E Freshwa ter Iowa Bivalve

Plover, Piping Charadrius melodus E Terrestrial Iowa Bird

Shiner, Topeka Notropis topeka

(=tristis) E Freshwater Iowa Fish

Snail, Iowa

Pleistocene Discus macclintocki E Terrestrial Iowa Gastropod

Sturgeon, Pallid Scaphirhynchus albus E Freshwater Iowa Fish

Sturgeon,

Shovelnose Scaphirhynchus

platorynchus SAT Saltwater Iowa Fish

Tern, Interior (population)

Least Sterna antillarum E Terrestrial Iowa Bird

Bat, Gray Myotis grisescens E Terrestrial,

Subterraneous Kansas Mammal

### 167 Name S cientific Name Status Medium State Taxon

Beetle,

Am erican Burying Nicrophorus americanus E Terrestrial Kansas Insect

Crane, Whooping Grus americana E Terrestrial,

Freshwater Kansas Bird

Ferret, Black

footed Mustela nigripes E Terrestrial Kansas Mammal

Madtom,

Neosho Noturus placidus T Freshwater Kansas Fish

Milkweed,

Mead's Asclepias meadii T Unattributed

Wetland

Status Kansas Dicot

Orchid, Western Prairie Fringed Platanthera praeclara T Unattributed

Wetland

Status Kansas Monocot

Plover, Piping Charadrius melodus E Terrestrial Kansas Bird

Shiner, Ark ansas
River Notropis girardi T Freshwater Kansas Fish

Shiner, Topeka Notropis topeka

(=tristis) E Freshwater Kansas Fish

Sturgeon, Pallid Scaphirhynchus albus E Freshwater Kansas Fish

Sturgeon,

Shovelnose Scaphirhynchus

platorynchus SAT Saltwater Kansas Fish

Tern, Interior (population)

Least Sterna antillarum E Terrestrial Kansas Bird

Bat, Gray Myotis grisescens E Terrestrial,

Subterraneous Kentucky Mammal

Bat, Indiana Myotis sodalis E Terrestrial,

Subterraneous Kentucky Mammal

Bat, Virginia Big

eare d Corynorhinus

(=Plecotus) townsendii
virginianus E Terrestrial,

Subterraneous Kentucky Mammal

Beetle,

American
Burying Nicrophorus americanus E Terrestrial Kentucky Insect

### 168 Name S cientific Name Status Medium State Taxon

Clover, Running

Buffalo Trifolium stoloniferum E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Kent ucky Dicot

Dace, Blackside Phoxinus

cumberlandensis T Freshwater Kentucky Fish

Darter, Relict Etheostoma chienense E Freshwater Kentucky Fish

Fanshell Cyprogenia stegaria E Freshwater Kentucky Bivalve

Goldenrod,

Short's Solidago shortii E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Kentucky Dicot

Goldenrod,

White

- haired Solidago albopilosa T Unattributed

Wetland

Status Kentucky Dicot

Mucket, Pink (Pearlymussel) Lampsilis abrupta E Freshwater Kentucky Bivalve

Mussel,

Clubshell Pleurobema clava E Freshwater Kentucky B ivalve

Mussel,

Cumberland

Combshell Epioblasma brevidens E Freshwater Kentucky Bivalve

Mussel,

Cumberland

Elktoe Alasmidonta

atropurpurea E Freshwater Kentucky Bivalve

Mussel, Oyster Epioblasma

capsaeformis E Freshwater Kentucky Bivalve

Mussel, Ring

Pi nk (=Golf Stick Pearly) Obovaria retusa E Freshwater Kentucky Bivalve

Mussel, Rough
Pigtoe Pleurobema plenum E Freshwater Kentucky Bivalve

Mussel, Winged Mapleleaf Quadrula fragosa E Freshwater Kentucky Bivalve

Pearlymussel, Appalachian Monkeyface Quadr ula sparsa E Freshwater Kentucky Bivalve

Pearlymussel, Cracking Hemistena lata E Freshwater Kentucky Bivalve

### 169 Name S cientific Name Status Medium State Taxon

Pearlymussel,

Cumberland

Bean Villosa trabalis E Freshwater Kentucky Bivalve

Pearlymussel, Dromedary Dromus dromas E Freshwater Kentucky Bivalve

Pearlymussel,

Fat Pocketbook Potamilus capax E Freshwater Kentucky Bivalve

Pearlymussel,

Little

- wing Pegias fabula E Freshwater Kentucky Bivalve

Pearlymussel,
Orange

- footed Plethobasus

cooperianus E Freshwater Kentucky Bivalve

Pearlymussel, Purple Cat 's Paw Epioblasma obliquata

obliquata E Freshwater Kentucky Bivalve

Pearlymussel,

Tubercled

blossom Epioblasma torulosa

torulosa E Freshwater Kentucky Bivalve

Pearlymussel,

White Wartyback Plethobasus cicatricosus E Freshwater Kentucky Bivalve

Pearlymus sel,

Yellow

- blossom Epioblasma florentina

florentina E Freshwater Kentucky Bivalve

Plover, Piping Charadrius melodus E Terrestrial Kentucky Bird

Potato

- bean,

Price's Apios priceana T Unattributed

Wetland

Status Kentucky Dicot

Riffleshell,

Northern Epiob lasma torulosa

rangiana E Freshwater Kentucky Bivalve

Riffleshell, Tan Epioblasma florentina

walkeri (=E. walkeri) E Freshwater Kentucky Bivalve

Rock

- cress,
Small Arabis perstellata E. L.

Braun var. perstellata

Fernald E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Kentu cky Dicot

Shiner, Palezone Notropis albizonatus E Freshwater Kentucky Fish

Shrimp, Kentucky Cave Palaemonias ganteri E Freshwater Kentucky Crustacean

### 170 Name S cientific Name Status Medium State Taxon

Spiraea, Virginia Spiraea virginiana T Wetland Kentucky Dicot

Sturgeon, Pallid Scaphirhynchus albus E Freshwater Kentucky Fish

Sturgeon,

Shovelnose Scaphirhynchus

platorynchus SAT Saltwater Kentucky Fish

Tern, Interior (population)

Least Sterna antillarum E Terrestrial Kentucky Bird

Warbler (=Wood),

Kirtland's Dendroica kirtlandii E Terrestrial Kentucky Bird

Warbler,

Bachman's Vermivora bachmanii E Terrestrial Kentucky Bird

Wolf, Red Canis rufus E Terrestrial Kentucky Mammal

Woodpecker,
Ivory

- billed Campephilus principalis E Terrestrial Kentucky Bird

Woodpecker,

Red

- cockaded Picoides borealis E Terre strial Kentucky Bird

Bear, Louisiana

Black Ursus americanus

luteolus T Terrestrial Louisiana Mammal

Manatee, West

Indian Trichechus manatus E Saltwater Louisiana Mammal

Mucket, Pink (Pearlymussel) Lampsilis abrupta E Freshwater Louisiana Bivalve

Mussel

, Heelsplitter

Inflated Potamilus inflatus T Freshwater Louisiana Bivalve

Pearlshell,

Louisiana Margaritifera hembeli T Freshwater Louisiana Bivalve

Plover, Piping Charadrius melodus E Terrestrial Louisiana Bird

Quillwort,

Louisiana Isoetes louisianensi s E Wetland Louisiana Ferns

Sturgeon, Gulf Acipenser oxyrinchus

desotoi T Freshwater,

Saltwater Louisiana Fish

Sturgeon, Pallid Scaphirhynchus albus E Freshwater Louisiana Fish

Sturgeon,

Shovelnose Scaphirhynchus

platorynchus SAT Saltwater Louisiana Fis h

### 171 Name S cientific Name Status Medium State Taxon

Tern, Interior (population)

Least Sterna antillarum E Terrestrial Louisiana Bird

Tortoise, Gopher Gopherus polyphemus T Terrestrial Louisiana Reptile

Turtle, Ringed
Map Graptemys oculifera T Terrestrial,

Freshwater Louisiana Reptile

Woodpecker,

Red

- c ockaded Picoides borealis E Terrestrial Louisiana Bird

Lousewort,

Furbish Pedicularis furbishiae E Wetland Maine Dicot
Lynx, Canada Lynx canadensis T Terrestrial Maine Mammal

Orchid, Eastern Prairie Fringed Platanthera leucophaea T Wetland Maine Monocot

Plover, Piping Charadrius melodus E Terrestrial Maine Bird

Pogonia, Small

Whorled Isotria medeoloides T Upland Maine Monocot

Salmon, Atlantic Salmo salar E Freshwater, Brackish,

Saltwater Maine Fish

Sturgeon,

Shortnose Acipenser brevirostrum E Freshwa ter,
Saltwater Maine Fish

Tern, Roseate Sterna dougallii

dougallii E Terrestrial Maine Bird

Amaranth,

Seabeach Amaranthus pumilus T Unattributed

Wetland

Status Maryland Dicot

Bat, Indiana Myotis sodalis E Terrestrial,

Subterraneous Maryland Mammal

Beet le,

Northeastern Beach Tiger Cicindela dorsalis

dorsalis T Terrestrial Maryland Insect

Beetle, Puritan
Tiger Cicindela puritana T Terrestrial,

Coastal Maryland Insect

Bulrush,

Northeastern (=Barbed Bristle) Scirpus ancistrochaetus E Wetland Maryland Mono cot

Darter, Maryland Etheostoma sellare E Freshwater Maryland Fish

### 172 Name S cientific Name Status Medium State Taxon

Dropwort, Canby's Oxypolis canbyi E Wetland Maryland Dicot

Gerardia, Sandplain Agalinis acuta E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Maryland Dicot

Harperella Ptilimnium nodosum E Wetland Maryla nd Dicot

Joint

- vetch,

Sensitive Aeschynomene virginica T Wetland Maryland Dicot

Mussel, Dwarf Wedge Alasmidonta heterodon E Freshwater Maryland Bivalve
Pink, Swamp Helonias bullata T Wetland Maryland Monocot

Plover, Piping Charadrius melodus E Terrestr ial Maryland Bird

Squirrel,

Delmarva

Peninsula Fox Sciurus niger cinereus E Terrestrial Maryland Mammal

Turtle, Bog Clemmys muhlenbergii T Terrestrial,

Freshwater Maryland Reptile

Bat, Indiana Myotis sodalis E Terrestrial,

Subterraneous Massachusetts Ma mmal

Beetle, Puritan
Tiger Cicindela puritana T Terrestrial,

Coastal Massachusetts Insect

Bulrush,

Northeastern (=Barbed Bristle) Scirpus ancistrochaetus E Wetland Massachusetts Monocot

Mussel, Dwarf Wedge Alasmidonta heterodon E Freshwater Massachusett s Bivalve

Plover, Piping Charadrius melodus E Terrestrial Massachusetts Bird

Sturgeon,

Shortnose Acipenser brevirostrum E Freshwater,

Saltwater Massachusetts Fish

Tern, Roseate Sterna dougallii

dougallii E Terrestrial Massachusetts Bird

Turtle, Bog Cle mmys muhlenbergii T Terrestrial,

Freshwater Massachusetts Reptile

Turtle, Plymouth

Red

- bellied Pseudemys rubriventris

bangsi E Terrestrial,

Freshwater Massachusetts Reptile

### 173 Name S cientific Name Status Medium State Taxon

Bat, Indiana Myotis sodalis E Terrestrial,

Subterraneous Michigan Mammal

Beetle, Hungerford's Crawling Water Brychius hungerfordi E Freshwater Michigan Insect

Butterfly, Karner

Blue Lycaeides melissa

samuelis E Terrestrial Michigan Insect

Butterfly, Mitchell's Satyr Neonympha mitchellii

mitchellii E Terrestrial,

Perm. wetland Michig an Insect

Daisy, Lakeside Hymenoxys herbacea T Unattributed

Wetland

Status Michigan Dicot

Dragonfly, Hine's

Emerald Somatochlora hineana E Terrestrial,

Freshwater Michigan Insect

Fern, American

hart's

- tongue Asplenium

scolopendrium var.

americanum T Una ttributed

Wetland

Status Michigan Ferns

Goldenrod, Houghton's Solidago houghtonii T Wetland Michigan Dicot

Iris, Dwarf Lake Iris lacustris T Wetland Michigan Monocot
Lynx, Canada Lynx canadensis T Terrestrial Michigan Mammal

Monkey

- flower, Michigan Mim ulus glabratus var.

michiganensis E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Michigan Dicot

Mussel,

Clubshell Pleurobema clava E Freshwater Michigan Bivalve

Orchid, Eastern Prairie Fringed Platanthera leucophaea T Wetland Michigan Monocot

Plover, Piping Charadrius m elodus E Terrestrial Michigan Bird

Pogonia, Small

Whorled Isotria medeoloides T Upland Michigan Monocot

Riffleshell,

Northern Epioblasma torulosa

rangiana E Freshwater Michigan Bivalve

Snake, Northern Copperbelly

Water Nerodia erythrogaster

neglecta T T errestrial,

Freshwater Michigan Reptile

Thistle, Pitcher's Cirsium pitcheri T Unattributed

Wetland

Status Michigan Dicot

### 174 Name S cientific Name Status Medium State Taxon

Warbler (=Wood),

Kirtland's Dendroica kirtlandii E Terrestrial Michigan Bird

Butterfly, Karner

Blue Lycaeides melissa

samuelis E Ter restrial Minnesota Insect

Clover, Prairie

Bush Lespedeza leptostachya T Unattributed

Wetland

Status Minnesota Dicot

Lily, Minnesota

Trout Erythronium propullans E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Minnesota Monocot
Lynx, Canada Lynx canadensis T Terrestrial M innesota Mammal

Mussel, Winged Mapleleaf Quadrula fragosa E Freshwater Minnesota Bivalve

Orchid, Western Prairie Fringed Platanthera praeclara T Unattributed

Wetland

Status Minnesota Monocot

Pearlymussel, Higgins' Eye Lampsilis higginsii E Freshwater Mi nnesota Bivalve

Plover, Piping Charadrius melodus E Terrestrial Minnesota Bird

Roseroot, Leedy's Sedum integrifolium

ssp. leedyi T Unattributed

Wetland

Status Minnesota Dicot

Shiner, Topeka Notropis topeka

(=tristis) E Freshwater Minnesota Fish

Bat, Gr ay Myotis grisescens E Terrestrial,

Subterraneous Mississippi Mammal

Bat, Indiana Myotis sodalis E Terrestrial,

Subterraneous Mississippi Mammal

Bear, Louisiana

Black Ursus americanus

luteolus T Terrestrial Mississippi Mammal

Combshell,

Southern (=Penit ent mussel) Epioblasma penita E Freshwater Mississippi Bivalve

Crane, Mississippi

Sandhill Grus canadensis pulla E Terrestrial,

Freshwater Mississippi Bird

Darter, Bayou Etheostoma rubrum T Freshwater Mississippi Fish

### 175 Name S cientific Name Status Medium State Taxon

Frog, Dusky Gopher (Mississippi DPS ) Rana capito sevosa E Terrestrial,

Freshwater Mississippi Amphibian

Manatee, West

Indian Trichechus manatus E Saltwater Mississippi Mammal

Mucket, Orange

nacre Lampsilis perovalis T Freshwater Mississippi Bivalve

Mussel, Alabama

Moccasinshell Medionidu s acutissimus T Freshwater Mississippi Bivalve

Mussel, Black (=Curtus' Mussel)

Clubshell Pleurobema curtum E Freshwater Mississippi Bivalve

Mussel,

Cumberland

Combshell Epioblasma brevidens E Freshwater Mississippi Bivalve

Mussel, Heavy Pigtoe (=Judge

T ait's Mussel) Pleurobema taitianum E Freshwater Mississippi Bivalve

Mussel, Heelsplitter

Inflated Potamilus inflatus T Freshwater Mississippi Bivalve

Mussel, Ovate

Clubshell Pleurobema perovatum E Freshwater Mississippi Bivalve

Mussel,

Southern

Clubshel l Pleurobema decisum E Freshwater Mississippi Bivalve

Pearlymussel,

Fat Pocketbook Potamilus capax E Freshwater Mississippi Bivalve

Plover, Piping Charadrius melodus E Terrestrial Mississippi Bird

Pondberry Lindera melissifolia E Wetland Mississippi Dic ot

Potato

- bean,

Price's Apios priceana T Unattributed

Wetland

Status Mississippi Dicot

Quillwort,

Louisiana Isoetes louisianensis E Wetland Mississippi Ferns

### 176 Name S cientific Name Status Medium State Taxon

Snake, Eastern Indigo Drymarchon corais

couperi T Terrestrial Mississippi Reptile

Sturgeon, Gu lf Acipenser oxyrinchus

desotoi T Freshwater,

Saltwater Mississippi Fish

Sturgeon, Pallid Scaphirhynchus albus E Freshwater Mississippi Fish

Sturgeon,

Shovelnose Scaphirhynchus

platorynchus SAT Saltwater Mississippi Fish

Tern, Interior (population)

Leas t Sterna antillarum E Terrestrial Mississippi Bird

Tortoise, Gopher Gopherus polyphemus T Terrestrial Mississippi Reptile

Turtle, Alabama

Red

- bellied Pseudemys alabamensis E Terrestrial,

Freshwater Mississippi Reptile

Turtle, Ringed
Map Graptemys oculif era T Terrestrial,

Freshwater Mississippi Reptile

Turtle, Yellow

blotched Map Graptemys

flavimaculata T Terrestrial,

Freshwater Mississippi Reptile

Woodpecker,

Red

- cockaded Picoides borealis E Terrestrial Mississippi Bird

Aster, Decurrent

False Boltonia decurrens T Unattributed

Wetland

Status Missouri Dicot

Bat, Gray Myotis grisescens E Terrestrial,

Subterraneous Missouri Mammal

Bat, Indiana Myotis sodalis E Terrestrial,

Subterraneous Missouri Mammal

Bladderpod,

Missouri Lesquerella filiformis T Unatt ributed

Wetland

Status Missouri Dicot

Cavefish, Ozark Amblyopsis rosae T Freshwater Missouri Fish

Cavesnail, Tumbling Creek Antrobia culveri E Freshwater,

Subterraneous Missouri Gastropod

Clover, Running

Buffalo Trifolium stoloniferum E Unattributed

Wet land

Status Missouri Dicot

Darter, Niangua Etheostoma nianguae T Freshwater Missouri Fish

### 177 Name S cientific Name Status Medium State Taxon

Dragonfly, Hine's

Emerald Somatochlora hineana E Terrestrial,

Freshwater Missouri Insect

Fruit, Earth (=geocarpon) Geocarpon minimum T Unattributed

Wetland

Status Missouri Dicot

Madtom,

Neosho Noturus placidus T Freshwater Missouri Fish

Milkweed,

Mead's Asclepias meadii T Unattributed

Wetland

Status Missouri Dicot

Mucket, Pink (Pearlymussel) Lampsilis abrupta E Freshwater Missouri Bivalve

Mussel,

Scaleshell Lept odea leptodon E Freshwater Missouri Bivalve

Mussel, Winged Mapleleaf Quadrula fragosa E Freshwater Missouri Bivalve

Orchid, Western Prairie Fringed Platanthera praeclara T Unattributed

Wetland

Status Missouri Monocot

Pearlymussel,

Curtis' Epioblasma flo rentina

curtisii E Freshwater Missouri Bivalve

Pearlymussel,

Fat Pocketbook Potamilus capax E Freshwater Missouri Bivalve

Pearlymussel, Higgins' Eye Lampsilis higginsii E Freshwater Missouri Bivalve

Pondberry Lindera melissifolia E Wetland Missouri Dico t

Shiner, Topeka Notropis topeka

(=tristis) E Freshwater Missouri Fish

Sneezeweed,
Virginia Helenium virginicum T Unattributed

Wetland

Status Missouri Dicot

Sturgeon, Pallid Scaphirhynchus albus E Freshwater Missouri Fish

Sturgeon,

Shovelnose Scaphirhy nchus

platorynchus SAT Saltwater Missouri Fish

Tern, Interior (population)

Least Sterna antillarum E Terrestrial Missouri Bird

Bear, Grizzly Ursus arctos horribilis T Terrestrial Montana Mammal

### 178 Name S cientific Name Status Medium State Taxon

Catchfly, Spalding's Silene spaldingii T Unattributed

Wetla nd

Status Montana Dicot

Crane, Whooping Grus americana E Terrestrial,

Freshwater Montana Bird

Ferret, Black

footed Mustela nigripes E Terrestrial Montana Mammal

Howellia, Water Howellia aquatilis T Wetland Montana Dicot

Ladies'

- tresses,

Ute Spiranthes diluvialis T Wetland Montana Monocot
Lynx, Canada Lynx canadensis T Terrestrial Montana Mammal

Plover, Piping Charadrius melodus E Terrestrial Montana Bird

Sturgeon, Pallid Scaphirhynchus albus E Freshwater Montana Fish

Sturgeon,

Shovelnose Scaphirhync hus

platorynchus SAT Saltwater Montana Fish

Sturgeon, White Acipenser

transmontanus E Freshwater,

Saltwater Montana Fish

Tern, Interior (population)

Least Sterna antillarum E Terrestrial Montana Bird

Trout, Bull Salvelinus confluentus T Freshwater Monta na Fish

Beetle,

American
Burying Nicrophorus americanus E Terrestrial Nebraska Insect

Beetle, Salt Creek Tiger Cicindela nevadica

lincolniana E Terrestrial Nebraska Insect

Butterfly Plant,

Colorado Gaura neomexicana

var. coloradensis T Unattributed

Wetl and

Status Nebraska Dicot

Crane, Whooping Grus americana E Terrestrial,

Freshwater Nebraska Bird

Ferret, Black

footed Mustela nigripes E Terrestrial Nebraska Mammal

Ladies'

- tresses,

Ute Spiranthes diluvialis T Wetland Nebraska Monocot

### 179 Name S cientific Name Status Medium State Taxon

Orchid, Western

P rairie Fringed Platanthera praeclara T Unattributed

Wetland

Status Nebraska Monocot

Penstemon,

Blowout Penstemon haydenii E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Nebraska Dicot

Plover, Piping Charadrius melodus E Terrestrial Nebraska Bird

Shiner, Topeka Notropis topeka

(=tristis) E Freshwater Nebraska Fish

Sturgeon, Pallid Scaphirhynchus albus E Freshwater Nebraska Fish

Sturgeon,

Shovelnose Scaphirhynchus

platorynchus SAT Saltwater Nebraska Fish

Tern, Interior (population)

Least Sterna antillarum E Terrestrial Nebraska Bird

Blazing Star, Ash

Meadows Mentzelia leucophylla T Wetland Nevada Dicot

Centaury, Spring

- loving Centaurium

namophilum T Wetland Nevada Dicot

Chub, Pahranagat

Roundtail Gila robusta jordani E Freshwater Nevada Fish

Dace, Ash

Meadows Speckle d Rhinichthys osculus

nevadensis E Freshwater Nevada Fish

Dace, Clover Valley Speckled Rhinichthys osculus

oligoporus E Freshwater Nevada Fish

Dace, Desert Eremichthys acros T Freshwater Nevada Fish

Dace, Independence Valley Speckled Rhinichthys osculus

lethoporus E Freshwater Nevada Fish

Flycatcher,

Southwestern

Willow Empidonax traillii

extimus E Terrestrial Nevada Bird

Gumplant, Ash

Meadows Grindelia fraxino

pratensis T Wetland Nevada Dicot

### 180 Name S cientific Name Status Medium State Taxon

Ivesia, Ash

Meadows Ivesia kingii var.

eremica T Unattribu ted

Wetland

Status Nevada Dicot

Ladies'

- tresses,

Ute Spiranthes diluvialis T Wetland Nevada Monocot

Milk

- vetch, Ash

Meadows Astragalus phoenix T Upland Nevada Dicot

Naucorid, Ash

Meadows Ambrysus amargosus T Terrestrial Nevada Insect

Niterwort,
Amargos a Nitrophila mohavensis E Wetland Nevada Dicot

Poolfish, Pahrump (= Pahrump Killifish) Empetrichthys latos E Freshwater Nevada Dicot

Pupfish, Ash

Meadows
Amargosa Cyprinodon nevadensis

mionectes E Freshwater Nevada Fish

Pupfish, Devils

Hole Cyprinodon d iabolis E Freshwater Nevada Fish

Pupfish, Warm
Springs Cyprinodon nevadensis

pectoralis E Freshwater Nevada Fish

Spinedace, Big
Spring Lepidomeda mollispinis

pratensis T Freshwater Nevada Fish

Spinedace,

White River Lepidomeda albivallis E Freshwater Ne vada Fish

Springfish, Hiko

White River Crenichthys baileyi

grandis E Freshwater Nevada Fish

Springfish, Railroad Valley Crenichthys nevadae T Freshwater Nevada Fish

Springfish,

White River Crenichthys baileyi

baileyi E Freshwater Nevada Fish

Sunray, As h

Meadows Enceliopsis nudicaulis

var. corrugata T Unattributed

Wetland

Status Nevada Dicot

Tortoise, Desert Gopherus agassizii T Terrestrial Nevada Reptile

Trout, Bull Salvelinus confluentus T Freshwater Nevada Fish

### 181 Name S cientific Name Status Medium State Taxon

Trout, Lahontan

Cutthroat Oncorhynchu s clarki

henshawi T Freshwater Nevada Fish

Lynx, Canada Lynx canadensis T Terrestrial New Hampshire Mammal

Mussel, Dwarf Wedge Alasmidonta heterodon E Freshwater New Hampshire Bivalve

Plover, Piping Charadrius melodus E Terrestrial New Hampshire Bird

P ogonia, Small

Whorled Isotria medeoloides T Upland New Hampshire Monocot

Amaranth,

Seabeach Amaranthus pumilus T Unattributed

Wetland

Status New Jersey Dicot

Bat, Indiana Myotis sodalis E Terrestrial,

Subterraneous New Jersey Mammal

Beaked

- rush,

Knieske rn's Rhynchospora

knieskernii T Wetland New Jersey Monocot

Beetle,

Northeastern Beach Tiger Cicindela dorsalis

dorsalis T Terrestrial New Jersey Insect

Chaffseed,

American Schwalbea americana E Wetland New Jersey Dicot

Joint

- vetch,

Sensitive Aeschynomen e virginica T Wetland New Jersey Dicot

Mussel, Dwarf Wedge Alasmidonta heterodon E Freshwater New Jersey Bivalve

Pink, Swamp Helonias bullata T Wetland New Jersey Monocot

Plover, Piping Charadrius melodus E Terrestrial New Jersey Bird

Pogonia, Small

Wh orled Isotria medeoloides T Upland New Jersey Monocot

Tern, Roseate Sterna dougallii

dougallii E Terrestrial New Jersey Bird

Turtle, Bog Clemmys muhlenbergii T Terrestrial,

Freshwater New Jersey Reptile

Amphipod,

Noel's Gammarus desperatus E Freshwater New Mexico Crustacean

Bat, Lesser (=Sanborn's)
Long

- nosed Leptonycteris curasoae

yerbabuenae E Terrestrial,

Subterraneous New Mexico Mammal

### 182 Name S cientific Name Status Medium State Taxon

Bat, Mexican
Long

- nosed Leptonycteris nivalis E Terrestrial,

Subterraneous New Mexico Mammal

Cactus,

Knowlton Ped iocactus knowltonii E Unattributed

Wetland

Status New Mexico Dicot

Cactus, Kuenzler Hedgehog Echinocereus fendleri

var. kuenzleri E Unattributed

Wetland

Status New Mexico Dicot

Cactus, Lee

Pincushion Coryphantha sneedii

var. leei T Unattributed

Wetland

S tatus New Mexico Dicot

Cactus, Mesa

Verde Sclerocactus mesae

verdae T Unattributed

Wetland

Status New Mexico Dicot

Cactus, Sneed

Pincushion Coryphantha sneedii

var. sneedii E Unattributed

Wetland

Status New Mexico Dicot

Falcon, Northern Aplomado Falco f emoralis septentrionalis E Terrestrial New Mexico Bird

Ferret, Black

footed Mustela nigripes E Terrestrial New Mexico Mammal

Fleabane, Zuni Erigeron rhizomatus T Unattributed

Wetland

Status New Mexico Dicot

Flycatcher,

Southwestern

Willow Empidonax trai llii

extimus E Terrestrial New Mexico Bird

Frog, Chiricahua Leopard Rana chiricahuensis T Terrestrial,

Freshwater New Mexico Amphibian

Gambusia, Pecos Gambusia nobilis E Freshwater New Mexico Fish

Ipomopsis, Holy

Ghost Ipomopsis sancti

spiritus E Unattr ibuted

Wetland

Status New Mexico Dicot

Isopod, Socorro Thermosphaeroma

thermophilus E Freshwater New Mexico Crustacean

Jaguar Panthera onca E Terrestrial New Mexico Mammal

Milk

- vetch,

Mancos Astragalus humillimus E Unattributed

Wetland

Status New Mexico Dicot

### 183 Name S cientific Name Status Medium State Taxon

Minnow, Loach Tiaroga cobitis T Freshwater New Mexico Fish

Minnow, Rio Grande Silvery Hybognathus amarus E Freshwater New Mexico Fish

Owl, Mexican Spotted Strix occidentalis lucida T Terrestrial New Mexico Bird

Pennyroyal,

Todsen's Hedeoma todse nii E Unattributed

Wetland

Status New Mexico Dicot

Plover, Piping Charadrius melodus E Terrestrial New Mexico Bird

Poppy,

Sacramento Prickly Argemone pleiacantha

ssp. pinnatisecta E Unattributed

Wetland

Status New Mexico Dicot

Rattlesnake,

New Mexican

R idge

- nosed Crotalus willardi

obscurus T Terrestrial New Mexico Reptile

Shiner, Arkansas

River Notropis girardi T Freshwater New Mexico Fish

Shiner, Beautiful Cyprinella formosa T Freshwater New Mexico Fish

Shiner, Pecos

Bluntnose Notropis simus

pecosens is T Freshwater New Mexico Fish

Snail, Pecos

Assiminea Assiminea pecos E Freshwater New Mexico Gastropod
Spikedace Meda fulgida T Freshwater New Mexico Fish

Springsnail,

Alamosa Tryonia alamosae E Freshwater New Mexico Gastropod

Springsnail,

Koster's J uturnia kosteri E Terrestrial New Mexico Gastropod

Springsnail,

Roswell Pyrgulopsis roswellensis E Freshwater New Mexico Gastropod

Springsnail,

Socorro Pyrgulopsis

neomexicana E Freshwater New Mexico Gastropod

Squawfish,

Colorado Ptychocheilus lucius E Freshwater New Mexico Fish

Sucker,

Razorback Xyrauchen texanus E Freshwater New Mexico Fish

Sunflower,

Pecos Helianthus paradoxus T Wetland New Mexico Dicot

### 184 Name S cientific Name Status Medium State Taxon

Tern, Interior (population)

Least Sterna antillarum E Terrestrial New Mexico Bird

Thistle,

Sacr amento

Mountains Cirsium vinaceum T Wetland New Mexico Dicot

Trout, Gila Oncorhynchus gilae E Freshwater New Mexico Fish

Wild

- buckwheat,
Gypsum Eriogonum gypsophilum T Unattributed

Wetland

Status New Mexico Dicot

Amaranth,

Seabeach Amaranthus pumilus T Unattributed

Wetland

Status New York Dicot

Bat, Indiana Myotis sodalis E Terrestrial,

Subterraneous New York Mammal

Butterfly, Karner

Blue Lycaeides melissa

samuelis E Terrestrial New York Insect

Fern, American

hart's

- tongue Asplenium

scolopendrium var.

americanum T Unattributed

Wetland

Status New York Ferns

Gerardia, Sandplain Agalinis acuta E Unattributed

Wetland

Status New York Dicot

Goldenrod, Houghton's Solidago houghtonii T Wetland New York Dicot

Monkshood,

Northern Wild Aconitum

noveboracense T Unattributed

Wetland

Status New York Dicot

Mussel,

Clubshell Pleurobema clava E Freshwater New York Bivalve

Mussel, Dwarf Wedge Alasmidonta heterodon E Freshwater New York Bivalve

Orchid, Eastern Prairie Fringed Platanthera leucophaea T Wetland New Yor k Monocot

Plover, Piping Charadrius melodus E Terrestrial New York Bird

Pogonia, Small

Whorled Isotria medeoloides T Upland New York Monocot

### 185 Name S cientific Name Status Medium State Taxon

Roseroot, Leedy's Sedum integrifolium

ssp. leedyi T Unattributed

Wetland

Status New York Dicot

Snail,

Chittenan go Ovate Amber Succinea

chittenangoensis T Terrestrial,

Freshwater New York Gastropod

Sturgeon,

Shortnose Acipenser brevirostrum E Freshwater,

Saltwater New York Fish

Tern, Roseate Sterna dougallii

dougallii E Terrestrial New York Bird

Turtle, Bog Clemm ys muhlenbergii T Terrestrial,

Freshwater New York Reptile

Alligator,

American Alligator

mississippiensis T Terrestrial,
Freshwater,

Brackish North Carolina Reptile

Amaranth,

Seabeach Amaranthus pumilus T Unattributed

Wetland

Status North Carolina Dicot

Arrowhead,

Bunched Sagittaria fasciculata E Wetland North Carolina Monocot

Avens, Spreading Geum radiatum E Unattributed

Wetland

Status North Carolina Dicot

Bat, Gray Myotis grisescens E Terrestrial,

Subterraneous North Carolina Mammal

Bat, Indiana Myo tis sodalis E Terrestrial,

Subterraneous North Carolina Mammal

Bittercress,

Small

- anthered Cardamine micranthera E Wetland North Carolina Dicot

Blazing Star,

Heller's Liatris helleri T Unattributed

Wetland

Status North Carolina Dicot

Bluet, Roan

Mountai n Hedyotis purpurea var.

montana E Unattributed

Wetland

Status North Carolina Dicot

Butterfly, Saint Francis' Satyr Neonympha mitchellii

francisci E Terrestrial North Carolina Insect

Chaffseed,

American Schwalbea americana E Wetland North Carolina Dicot

### 186 Name S cientific Name Status Medium State Taxon

Chub, Spotfin Erimonax monachus T Freshwater North Carolina Fish

Coneflower,

Smooth Echinacea laevigata E Unattributed

Wetland

Status North Carolina Dicot

Dropwort, Canby's Oxypolis canbyi E Wetland North Carolina Dicot

Elktoe, Appalachian Alasmidonta

raveneliana E Freshwater North Carolina Bivalve

Harperella Ptilimnium nodosum E Wetland North Carolina Dicot

Heartleaf,

Dwarf

- flowered Hexastylis naniflora T Unattributed

Wetland

Status North Carolina Dicot

Heather,

Mountain

Golden Hudsonia montana T Un attributed

Wetland

Status North Carolina Dicot

Irisette, White Sisyrinchium

dichotomum E Unattributed

Wetland

Status North Carolina Monocot

Joint

- vetch,

Sensitive Aeschynomene virginica T Wetland North Carolina Dicot

Lichen, Rock

Gnome Gymnoderma linear e E Unattributed

Wetland

Status North Carolina Lichen

Logperch,

Roanoke Percina rex E Freshwater North Carolina Fish

Loosestrife, Rough

- leaved Lysimachia

asperulaefolia E Wetland North Carolina Dicot

Manatee, West

Indian Trichechus manatus E Saltwater N orth Carolina Mammal

Meadowrue, Cooley's Thalictrum cooleyi E Wetland North Carolina Dicot

Mussel, Dwarf Wedge Alasmidonta heterodon E Freshwater North Carolina Bivalve

Mussel, Heelsplitter

Carolina Lasmigona decorata E Freshwater North Carolina Bivalve
Pink, Swamp Helonias bullata T Wetland North Carolina Monocot

### 187 Name S cientific Name Status Medium State Taxon

Pitcher

- plant,

Mountain Sweet Sarracenia rubra ssp.

jonesii E Unattributed

Wetland

Status North Carolina Dicot

Plover, Piping Charadrius melodus E Terrestrial North Carolina Bird

Pogonia, S mall

Whorled Isotria medeoloides T Upland North Carolina Monocot

Pondberry Lindera melissifolia E Wetland North Carolina Dicot

Puma (=Cougar),

Eastern Puma (=Felis) concolor

(all subsp. except coryi) E Terrestrial North Carolina Mammal

Riffleshell, Tan Epioblasma florentina

walkeri (=E. walkeri) E Freshwater North Carolina Bivalve

Sedge, Golden Carex lutea E Unattributed

Wetland

Status North Carolina Monocot

Shiner, Cape

Fear Notropis mekistocholas E Freshwater North Carolina Fish

Silverside,

Waccamaw Menidia extensa T Freshwater North Carolina Fish

Spider, Spruce

fir Moss Microhexura montivaga E Terrestrial North Carolina Arachnid

Spinymussel,

James River Pleurobema collina E Freshwater North Carolina Bivalve

Spinymussel, Tar

River Elliptio steinst ansana E Freshwater North Carolina Bivalve

Spiraea, Virginia Spiraea virginiana T Wetland North Carolina Dicot

Squirrel,

Carolina Northern Flying Glaucomys sabrinus

coloratus E Terrestrial North Carolina Mammal

Stork, Wood Mycteria americana E Terrestri al North Carolina Bird

Sturgeon,

Shortnose Acipenser brevirostrum E Freshwater,

Saltwater North Carolina Fish

Sumac,

Michaux's Rhus michauxii E Unattributed

Wetland

Status North Carolina Dicot

### 188 Name S cientific Name Status Medium State Taxon

Sunflower,

Schweinitz's Helianthus schweinitzii E Unattribut ed

Wetland

Status North Carolina Dicot

Tern, Roseate Sterna dougallii

dougallii E Terrestrial North Carolina Bird

Turtle, Bog Clemmys muhlenbergii T Terrestrial,

Freshwater North Carolina Reptile

Wolf, Red Canis rufus E Terrestrial North Carolina Mammal

Woodpecker,

Red

- cockaded Picoides borealis E Terrestrial North Carolina Bird

Crane, Whooping Grus americana E Terrestrial,

Freshwater North Dakota Bird

Ferret, Black

footed Mustela nigripes E Terrestrial North Dakota Mammal

Orchid, Western

Prairie Fri nged Platanthera praeclara T Unattributed

Wetland

Status North Dakota Monocot

Plover, Piping Charadrius melodus E Terrestrial North Dakota Bird

Sturgeon, Pallid Scaphirhynchus albus E Freshwater North Dakota Fish

Sturgeon,

Shovelnose Scaphirhynchus

plat orynchus SAT Saltwater North Dakota Fish

Tern, Interior (population)

Least Sterna antillarum E Terrestrial North Dakota Bird

Bat, Indiana Myotis sodalis E Terrestrial,

Subterraneous Ohio Mammal

Beetle,

American
Burying Nicrophorus americanus E Terrestri al Ohio Insect

Butterfly, Karner

Blue Lycaeides melissa

samuelis E Terrestrial Ohio Insect

Butterfly, Mitchell's Satyr Neonympha mitchellii

mitchellii E Terrestrial,

Perm. wetland Ohio Insect

Clover, Running

Buffalo Trifolium stoloniferum E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Ohio Dicot

### 189 Name S cientific Name Status Medium State Taxon

Daisy, Lakeside Hymenoxys herbacea T Unattributed

Wetland

Status Ohio Dicot

Fanshell Cyprogenia stegaria E Freshwater Ohio Bivalve

Madtom, Scioto Noturus trautmani E Freshwater Ohio Fish

Monkshood,

Northern Wild Aconitum

nove boracense T Unattributed

Wetland

Status Ohio Dicot

Mucket, Pink (Pearlymussel) Lampsilis abrupta E Freshwater Ohio Bivalve

Mussel,

Clubshell Pleurobema clava E Freshwater Ohio Bivalve

Orchid, Eastern Prairie Fringed Platanthera leucophaea T Wetland Ohio Monocot

Pearlymussel, Purple Cat's Paw Epioblasma obliquata

obliquata E Freshwater Ohio Bivalve

Pearlymussel,

White Cat's Paw Epioblasma obliquata

perobliqua E Freshwater Ohio Bivalve

Plover, Piping Charadrius melodus E Terrestrial Ohio Bird

Pogonia, Small

Whorled Isotria medeoloides T Upland Ohio Monocot

Riffleshell,

Northern Epioblasma torulosa

rangiana E Freshwater Ohio Bivalve

Snake, Lake Erie

Water Nerodia sipedon

insularum T Terrestrial,

Freshwater Ohio Reptile

Snake, Northern Copperbelly

Wate r Nerodia erythrogaster

neglecta T Terrestrial,

Freshwater Ohio Reptile

Spiraea, Virginia Spiraea virginiana T Wetland Ohio Dicot

Alligator,

American Alligator

mississippiensis T Terrestrial, Freshwater,

Brackish Oklahoma Reptile

Bat, Gray Myotis grises cens E Terrestrial,

Subterraneous Oklahoma Mammal

Bat, Indiana Myotis sodalis E Terrestrial,

Subterraneous Oklahoma Mammal

### 190 Name S cientific Name Status Medium State Taxon

Bat, Ozark Big

eared Corynorhinus

(=Plecotus) townsendii
ingens E Terrestrial,

Subterraneous Oklahoma Mammal

Beetle,

American
Bury ing Nicrophorus americanus E Terrestrial Oklahoma Insect
Cavefish, Ozark Amblyopsis rosae T Freshwater Oklahoma Fish

Crane, Whooping Grus americana E Terrestrial,

Freshwater Oklahoma Bird

Curlew, Eskimo Numenius borealis E Terrestrial Oklahoma Bird

Dar ter, Leopard Percina pantherina T Freshwater Oklahoma Fish

Madtom,

Neosho Noturus placidus T Freshwater Oklahoma Fish

Mussel,

Scaleshell Leptodea leptodon E Freshwater Oklahoma Bivalve

Mussel, Winged Mapleleaf Quadrula fragosa E Freshwater Oklahoma Biva lve

Orchid, Eastern Prairie Fringed Platanthera leucophaea T Wetland Oklahoma Monocot

Plover, Piping Charadrius melodus E Terrestrial Oklahoma Bird

Rock

pocketbook,

Ouachita (=Wheeler's pm) Arkansia wheeleri E Freshwater Oklahoma Bivalve

Shiner, Arkans as
River Notropis girardi T Freshwater Oklahoma Fish

Tern, Interior (population)

Least Sterna antillarum E Terrestrial Oklahoma Bird

Vireo, Black

capped Vireo atricapilla E Terrestrial Oklahoma Bird

Woodpecker,

Red

- cockaded Picoides borealis E Terrestri al Oklahoma Bird

Albatross, Short

tailed Phoebastria

(=Diomedea) albatrus E Terrestrial,

Saltwater Oregon Bird

### 191 Name S cientific Name Status Medium State Taxon

Butterfly,

Fender's Blue Icaricia icarioides

fenderi E Terrestrial Oregon Insect

Butterfly,
Oregon Silverspot Speyeria zerene

hippolyta T Terr estrial Oregon Insect

Catchfly, Spalding's Silene spaldingii T Unattributed

Wetland

Status Oregon Dicot

Checker

- mallow,

Nelson's Sidalcea nelsoniana T Wetland Oregon Dicot

Chub, Borax

Lake Gila boraxobius E Freshwater Oregon Fish

Chub, Hutton Tui Gila bicolor ssp. T Freshwater Oregon Fish

Chub, Oregon Oregonichthys crameri E Freshwater Oregon Fish

Dace, Foskett Speckled Rhinichthys osculus ssp. T Freshwater Oregon Fish

Daisy,

Willamette Erigeron decumbens

var. decumbens E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Oregon Dicot

Deer, Columbian

White

- tailed Odocoileus virginianus

leucurus E Terrestrial Oregon Mammal

Fairy Shrimp,

Vernal Pool Branchinecta lynchi T Vernal pool Oregon Crustacean

Four

- o'clock,

Macfarlane's Mirabilis macfarlanei T Unattributed

Wetland

S tatus Oregon Dicot

Fritillary,

Gentner's Fritillaria gentneri E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Oregon Monocot

Howellia, Water Howellia aquatilis T Wetland Oregon Dicot

Lomatium,

Bradshaw's Lomatium bradshawii E Wetland Oregon Dicot

Lomatium,

Cook's Lomati um cookii E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Oregon Dicot

### 192 Name S cientific Name Status Medium State Taxon

Lupine, Kincaid's Lupinus sulphureus

(=oreganus) ssp. kincaidii (=var. kincaidii) T Unattributed

Wetland

Status Oregon Dicot
Lynx, Canada Lynx canadensis T Terrestrial Oregon Mammal

Meadowfoam,
Large

- flowered Woolly Limnanthes floccosa

ssp. Grandiflora E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Oregon Dicot

Milk

- vetch, Applegate's Astragalus applegatei E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Oregon Dicot

Murrelet,

Marbled Brachyramphus

marmoratus T Terrestrial, Freshwater,

Saltwater Oregon Bird

Owl, Northern Spotted Strix occidentalis

caurina T Terrestrial Oregon Bird

Paintbrush,

Golden Castilleja levisecta T Unattributed

Wetland

Status Oregon Dicot

Plover, Western
Snowy Charadrius alexandrinus

nivosus T Terrestrial Oreg on Bird

Popcornflower, Rough Plagiobothrys hirtus E Wetland Oregon Dicot

Rock

- cress, McDonald's Arabis mcdonaldiana E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Oregon Dicot

Salmon, Chinook Oncorhynchus (=Salmo)

tshawytscha E/T Freshwater, Brackish,

Saltwater Oregon F ish

Salmon, Chum Oncorhynchus (=Salmo)

keta T Freshwater,
Brackish,

Saltwater Oregon Fish

Salmon, Coho Oncorhynchus (=Salmo)

kisutch E Freshwater, Brackish,

Saltwater Oregon Fish

Salmon, Sockeye Oncorhynchus (=Salmo)

nerka E Freshwater, Brackish,

Saltwa ter Oregon Fish

### 193 Name S cientific Name Status Medium State Taxon

Steelhead Oncorhynchus (=Salmo)

mykiss E Freshwater,
Brackish,

Saltwater Oregon Fish

Sucker, Lost

River Deltistes luxatus E Freshwater Oregon Fish

Sucker, Modoc Catostomus microps E Freshwater Oregon Fish

Sucker,

Shortnose Chasmistes br evirostris E Freshwater Oregon Fish

Sucker, Warner Catostomus

warnerensis T Freshwater Oregon Fish

Thelypody,

Howell's Spectacular Thelypodium howellii

spectabilis T Unattributed

Wetland

Status Oregon Dicot

Trout, Bull Salvelinus confluentus T Freshwate r Oregon Fish

Trout, Lahontan

Cutthroat Oncorhynchus clarki

henshawi T Freshwater Oregon Fish

Whale, Gray Eschrichtius robustus E Saltwater Oregon Mammal

Wire

- lettuce,

Malheur Stephanomeria

malheurensis E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Oregon Dicot

Bat, I ndiana Myotis sodalis E Terrestrial,

Subterraneous Pennsylvania Mammal

Bulrush,

Northeastern (=Barbed Bristle) Scirpus ancistrochaetus E Wetland Pennsylvania Monocot

Mussel,

Clubshell Pleurobema clava E Freshwater Pennsylvania Bivalve

Mussel, Dwarf Wedg e Alasmidonta heterodon E Freshwater Pennsylvania Bivalve

Plover, Piping Charadrius melodus E Terrestrial Pennsylvania Bird

Pogonia, Small

Whorled Isotria medeoloides T Upland Pennsylvania Monocot

Riffleshell,

Northern Epioblasma torulosa

rangiana E Fre shwater Pennsylvania Bivalve

Turtle, Bog Clemmys muhlenbergii T Terrestrial,

Freshwater Pennsylvania Reptile

### 194 Name S cientific Name Status Medium State Taxon

Beetle,

American Burying Nicrophorus americanus E Terrestrial Rhode Island Insect

Gerardia, Sandplain Agalinis acuta E Unattributed

Wetland

Stat us Rhode Island Dicot

Plover, Piping Charadrius melodus E Terrestrial Rhode Island Bird

Puma (=Cougar),

Eastern Puma (=Felis) concolor

(all subsp. except coryi) E Terrestrial Rhode Island Mammal

Sturgeon,

Shortnose Acipenser brevirostrum E Freshwater,

S altwater Rhode Island Fish

Tern, Roseate Sterna dougallii

dougallii E Terrestrial Rhode Island Bird

Amaranth,

Seabeach Amaranthus pumilus T Unattributed

Wetland

Status South Carolina Dicot

Amphianthus,

Little Amphianthus pusillus T Wetland South Carolin a Dicot

Arrowhead,

Bunched Sagittaria fasciculata E Wetland South Carolina Monocot

Chaffseed,

American Schwalbea americana E Wetland South Carolina Dicot

Coneflower,

Smooth Echinacea laevigata E Unattributed

Wetland

Status South Carolina Dicot

Dropwort

, Canby's Oxypolis canbyi E Wetland South Carolina Dicot

Gooseberry,

Miccosukee Ribes echinellum T Wetland South Carolina Dicot

Harperella Ptilimnium nodosum E Wetland South Carolina Dicot

Heartleaf,

Dwarf

- flowered Hexastylis naniflora T Unattributed

We tland

Status South Carolina Dicot

Irisette, White Sisyrinchium

dichotomum E Unattributed

Wetland

Status South Carolina Monocot

### 19 5 Name S cientific Name Status Medium State Taxon

Lichen, Rock

Gnome Gymnoderma lineare E Unattributed

Wetland

Status South Carolina Lichen

Loosestrife, Rough

- leaved Lysimachia

asperulaefolia E Wetland South Carolina Dicot

Manatee, West

Indian Trichechus manatus E Saltwater South Carolina Mammal

Mussel, Heelsplitter

Carolina Lasmigona decorata E Freshwater South Carolina Bivalve
Pink, Swamp Helonias bullata T Wetland South Ca rolina Monocot

Pitcher

- plant,

Mountain Sweet Sarracenia rubra ssp.

jonesii E Unattributed

Wetland

Status South Carolina Dicot

Plover, Piping Charadrius melodus E Terrestrial South Carolina Bird

Pogonia, Small

Whorled Isotria medeoloides T Upland South C arolina Monocot

Pondberry Lindera melissifolia E Wetland South Carolina Dicot

Quillwort, Black

spored Isoetes melanospora E Wetland South Carolina Ferns

Salamander,

Frosted

Flatwoods Ambystoma cingulatum T Terrestrial, Freshwater, Vernal pool South Caro lina Amphibian

Stork, Wood Mycteria americana E Terrestrial South Carolina Bird

Sturgeon,

Shortnose Acipenser brevirostrum E Freshwater,

Saltwater South Carolina Fish

Sumac,

Michaux's Rhus michauxii E Unattributed

Wetland

Status South Carolina Dicot

Su nflower,

Schweinitz's Helianthus schweinitzii E Unattributed

Wetland

Status South Carolina Dicot

Tern, Roseate Sterna dougallii

dougallii E Terrestrial South Carolina Bird

Trillium,

Persistent Trillium persistens E Unattributed

Wetland

Status South Carol ina Monocot

### 196 Name S cientific Name Status Medium State Taxon

Trillium, Relict Trillium reliquum E Unattributed

Wetland

Status South Carolina Monocot

Turtle, Bog Clemmys muhlenbergii T Terrestrial,

Freshwater South Carolina Reptile

Warbler (=Wood),

Kirtland's Dendroica kirtlandii E Terrestrial South Ca rolina Bird

Warbler,

Bachman's Vermivora bachmanii E Terrestrial South Carolina Bird

Woodpecker,

Red

- cockaded Picoides borealis E Terrestrial South Carolina Bird

Beetle,

American Burying Nicrophorus americanus E Terrestrial South Dakota Insect

Crane,

W hooping Grus americana E Terrestrial,

Freshwater South Dakota Bird

Curlew, Eskimo Numenius borealis E Terrestrial South Dakota Bird

Ferret, Black

footed Mustela nigripes E Terrestrial South Dakota Mammal

Mussel,

Scaleshell Leptodea leptodon E Freshwater South Dakota Bivalve

Orchid, Western Prairie Fringed Platanthera praeclara T Unattributed

Wetland

Status South Dakota Monocot

Pearlymussel, Higgins' Eye Lampsilis higginsii E Freshwater South Dakota Bivalve

Plover, Piping Charadrius melodus E Terrestri al South Dakota Bird

Shiner, Topeka Notropis topeka

(=tristis) E Freshwater South Dakota Fish

Sturgeon, Pallid Scaphirhynchus albus E Freshwater South Dakota Fish

Sturgeon,

Shovelnose Scaphirhynchus

platorynchus SAT Saltwater South Dakota Fish

Tern, In terior (population)

Least Sterna antillarum E Terrestrial South Dakota Bird

### 197 Name S cientific Name Status Medium State Taxon

Aster, Ruth's

Golden Pityopsis ruthii E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Tennessee Dicot

Avens, Spreading Geum radiatum E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Tennessee Dicot

Bat, Gray Myotis grisescens E Terrestrial,

Subterraneous Tennessee Mammal

Bat, Indiana Myotis sodalis E Terrestrial,

Subterraneous Tennessee Mammal

Bladderpod, Spring Creek Lesquerella perforata E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Tennessee Dicot

Chaffseed,

American Schwalbe a americana E Wetland Tennessee Dicot

Chub, Slender Erimystax cahni T Freshwater Tennessee Fish

Chub, Spotfin Erimonax monachus T Freshwater Tennessee Fish

Clover, Leafy

Prairie Dalea foliosa E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Tennessee Dicot

Combshell, Upl and Epioblasma metastriata E Freshwater Tennessee Bivalve

Coneflower,

Tennessee Purple Echinacea

tennesseensis E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Tennessee Dicot

Crayfish,

Nashville Orconectes shoupi E Freshwater Tennessee Crustacean

Dace, Blackside Phoxinus

cumberlandensis T Freshwater Tennessee Fish

Darter, Amber Percina antesella E Freshwater Tennessee Fish

Darter,

Bluemask (=jewel) Etheostoma sp. E Freshwater Tennessee Fish

Darter, Boulder Etheostoma wapiti E Freshwater Tennessee Fish

Darter, Duskytai l Etheostoma percnurum E Freshwater Tennessee Fish

Darter,

Slackwater Etheostoma boschungi T Freshwater Tennessee Fish

Darter, Snail Percina tanasi T Freshwater Tennessee Fish

### 198 Name S cientific Name Status Medium State Taxon

Fanshell Cyprogenia stegaria E Freshwater Tennessee Bivalve

Fern, American

h art's

- tongue Asplenium

scolopendrium var.

americanum T Unattributed

Wetland

Status Tennessee Ferns

Grass,

Tennessee

Yellow

- eyed Xyris tennesseensis E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Tennessee Monocot

Ground

- plum,

Guthrie's Astragalus bibullatus E Unattribute d

Wetland

Status Tennessee Dicot

Kidneyshell, Triangular Ptychobranchus greenii E Freshwater Tennessee Bivalve

Lichen, Rock

Gnome Gymnoderma lineare E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Tennessee Lichen

Logperch,
Conasauga Percina jenkinsi E Freshwater Tenness ee Fish
Madtom, Pygmy Noturus stanauli E Freshwater Tennessee Fish
Madtom, Smoky Noturus baileyi E Freshwater Tennessee Fish

Madtom,

Yellowfin Noturus flavipinnis T Freshwater Tennessee Fish

Marstonia, Royal (=Royal Snail) Pyrgulopsis

ogmorhaphe E Terr estrial Tennessee Gastropod

Mucket, Pink (Pearlymussel) Lampsilis abrupta E Freshwater Tennessee Bivalve

Mussel, Alabama

Moccasinshell Medionidus acutissimus T Freshwater Tennessee Bivalve

Mussel,

Clubshell Pleurobema clava E Freshwater Tennessee Bivalv e
Mussel, Coosa

Moccasinshell Medionidus parvulus E Freshwater Tennessee Bivalve

Mussel,

Cumberland

Combshell Epioblasma brevidens E Freshwater Tennessee Bivalve

Mussel,

Cumberland

Elktoe Alasmidonta

atropurpurea E Freshwater Tennessee Bivalve

### 199 Name S cientific Name Status Medium State Taxon

Mussel,

Cumberland
Pigtoe Pleurobema gibberum E Freshwater Tennessee Bivalve

Mussel, Fine

lined

Pocketbook Lampsilis altilis T Freshwater Tennessee Bivalve

Mussel, Fine

rayed Pigtoe Fusconaia cuneolus E Freshwater Tennessee Bivalve

Mussel, Georgia
pigtoe Pleuro bema

hanleyianum E Freshwater Tennessee Bivalve

Mussel, Ovate

Clubshell Pleurobema perovatum E Freshwater Tennessee Bivalve

Mussel, Oyster Epioblasma

capsaeformis E Freshwater Tennessee Bivalve

Mussel, Ring Pink (=Golf Stick Pearly) Obovaria retusa E Fr eshwater Tennessee Bivalve

Mussel, Ring Pink (=Golf Stick Pearly) Obovaria retusa E Freshwater Tennessee Bivalve

Mussel, Rough
Pigtoe Pleurobema plenum E Freshwater Tennessee Bivalve

Mussel, Shiny
Pigtoe Fusconaia cor E Freshwater Tennessee Bivalve

Mus sel, Southern Pigtoe Pleurobema

georgianum E Freshwater Tennessee Bivalve

Mussel, Southern Pigtoe Pleurobema

georgianum E Freshwater Tennessee Bivalve

Pearlymussel, Alabama Lamp Lampsilis virescens E Freshwater Tennessee Bivalve

Pearlymussel, Appalachia n Monkeyface Quadrula sparsa E Freshwater Tennessee Bivalve

Pearlymussel, Birdwing Conradilla caelata E Freshwater Tennessee Bivalve

Pearlymussel, Cracking Hemistena lata E Freshwater Tennessee Bivalve

Pearlymussel,

Cumberland

Bean Villosa trabalis E Fr eshwater Tennessee Bivalve

### 200 Name S cientific Name Status Medium State Taxon

Pearlymussel,

Cumberland Monkeyface Quadrula intermedia E Freshwater Tennessee Bivalve

Pearlymussel, Dromedary Dromus dromas E Freshwater Tennessee Bivalve

Pearlymussel,

Green

- blossom Epioblasma torulosa

gubernaculum E Freshwa ter Tennessee Bivalve

Pearlymussel,

Little

- wing Pegias fabula E Freshwater Tennessee Bivalve

Pearlymussel,
Orange

- footed Plethobasus

cooperianus E Freshwater Tennessee Bivalve

Pearlymussel, Pale Lilliput Toxolasma cylindrellus E Freshwater Tennessee Biv alve

Pearlymussel, Purple Cat's Paw Epioblasma obliquata

obliquata E Freshwater Tennessee Bivalve

Pearlymussel,

Tubercled

blossom Epioblasma torulosa

torulosa E Freshwater Tennessee Bivalve

Pearlymussel, Turgid

- blossom Epioblasma turgidula E Freshwater Tennessee Bivalve

Pearlymussel,

White Wartyback Plethobasus cicatricosus E Freshwater Tennessee Bivalve

Pearlymussel,

Yellow

- blossom Epioblasma florentina

florentina E Freshwater Tennessee Bivalve

Pitcher

- plant,

Green Sarracenia oreophila E Wetland Tenn essee Dicot

Pogonia, Small

Whorled Isotria medeoloides T Upland Tennessee Monocot

Potato

- bean,

Price's Apios priceana T Unattributed

Wetland

Status Tennessee Dicot

Purple Bean Villosa perpurpurea E Freshwater Tennessee Bivalve

Rabbitsfoot, Rough Quadru la cylindrica

strigillata E Freshwater Tennessee Bivalve

### 201 Name S cientific Name Status Medium State Taxon

Riffleshell, Tan Epioblasma florentina

walkeri (=E. walkeri) E Freshwater Tennessee Bivalve

Riversnail, Anthony's Athearnia anthonyi E Freshwater Tennessee Gastropod

Rock

- cress, Braun's Arabis per stellata E. L. Braun var. ampla

Rollins E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Tennessee Dicot

Rosemary,

Cumberland Conradina verticillata T Wetland Tennessee Dicot

Sandwort,

Cumberland Arenaria

cumberlandensis E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Tennessee Dicot

Shine r, Blue Cyprinella caerulea T Freshwater Tennessee Fish

Skullcap, Large

flowered Scutellaria montana T Unattributed

Wetland

Status Tennessee Dicot

Snail, Painted

Snake Coiled

Forest Anguispira picta T Terrestrial Tennessee Gastropod

Spider, Spruce

fir M oss Microhexura montivaga E Terrestrial Tennessee Arachnid

Spiraea, Virginia Spiraea virginiana T Wetland Tennessee Dicot

Squirrel,

Carolina Northern Flying Glaucomys sabrinus

coloratus E Terrestrial Tennessee Mammal

Stork, Wood Mycteria americana E Ter restrial Tennessee Bird

Sturgeon, Pallid Scaphirhynchus albus E Freshwater Tennessee Fish

Sturgeon,

Shovelnose Scaphirhynchus

platorynchus SAT Saltwater Tennessee Fish

Tern, Interior (population)

Least Sterna antillarum E Terrestrial Tennessee Bird

Woo dpecker,

Red

- cockaded Picoides borealis E Terrestrial Tennessee Bird

Ambrosia, South

Texas Ambrosia

cheiranthifolia E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Texas Dicot

### 202 Name S cientific Name Status Medium State Taxon

Amphipod,

Peck's Cave Stygobromus

(=Stygonectes) pecki E Freshwater,

Subterraneous Texas Crustac ean

Ayenia, Texas Ayenia limitaris E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Texas Dicot

Bat, Mexican
Long

- nosed Leptonycteris nivalis E Terrestrial,

Subterraneous Texas Mammal

Bear, Louisiana

Black Ursus americanus

luteolus T Terrestrial Texas Mammal

Beetle,

Amer ican Burying Nicrophorus americanus E Terrestrial Texas Insect

Beetle, Coffin

Cave Mold Batrisodes texanus E Subterraneous Texas Insect

Beetle, Comal Springs Dryopid Stygoparnus comalensis E Freshwater,

Subterraneous Texas Insect

Beetle, Comal
Springs R iffle Heterelmis comalensis E Freshwater,

Subterraneous Texas Insect

Beetle, Helotes

Mold Batrisodes venyivi E Subterraneous Texas Insect

Beetle,

Kretschmarr

Cave Mold Texamaurops reddelli E Subterraneous Texas Insect

Beetle, Tooth

Cave Ground Rhadine p ersephone E Subterraneous Texas Insect

Bladderpod,
Zapata Lesquerella

thamnophila E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Texas Dicot

Cactus, Black

Lace Echinocereus

reichenbachii var.

albertii E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Texas Dicot

Cactus, Bunched
Cory Coryph antha ramillosa T Unattributed

Wetland

Status Texas Dicot

Cactus, Lloyd's
Mariposa Echinomastus

mariposensis T Unattributed

Wetland

Status Texas Dicot

Cactus, Sneed

Pincushion Coryphantha sneedii

var. sneedii E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Texas Dicot

### 203 Name S cientific Name Status Medium State Taxon

Ca ctus, Star Astrophytum asterias E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Texas Dicot

Cactus, Tobusch

Fishhook Ancistrocactus tobuschii E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Texas Dicot

Crane, Mississippi

Sandhill Grus canadensis pulla E Terrestrial,

Freshwater Texas Bird

Crane, Whooping Grus americana E Terrestrial,

Freshwater Texas Bird

Darter, Fountain Etheostoma fonticola E Freshwater Texas Fish

Dawn

- flower,

Texas Prairie (=Texas Bitterweed) Hymenoxys texana E Wetland Texas Dicot

Dogweed, Ashy Thymophylla

tephroleuca E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Texas Dicot

Falcon, Northern Aplomado Falco femoralis

septentrionalis E Terrestrial Texas Bird

Flycatcher,

Southwestern

Willow Empidonax traillii

extimus E Terrestrial Texas Bird

Frankenia,

Johnston's Frankenia johnstonii E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Texas Dicot

Fruit, Earth (=geocarpon) Geocarpon minimum T Unattributed

Wetland

Status Texas Dicot

Gambusia, Clear

Creek Gambusia heterochir E Freshwater Texas Fish

Gambusia, Pecos Gambusia nobilis E Freshwater Texas Fish

G ambusia, San

Marcos Gambusia georgei E Freshwater Texas Fish

Harvestman,

Bee Creek Cave Texella reddelli E Terrestrial,

Subterraneous Texas Arachnid

### 204 Name S cientific Name Status Medium State Taxon

Harvestman,

Bone Cave Texella reyesi E Terrestrial,

Subterraneous Texas Arachnid

Harvestman, Cokendolphe r

Cave Texella cokendolpheri E Terrestrial,

Subterraneous Texas Arachnid

Jaguarundi, Gulf

Coast Herpailurus (=Felis)

yagouaroundi cacomitli E Terrestrial Texas Mammal

Ladies'

- tresses,

Navasota Spiranthes parksii E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Texas Monoco t

Manatee, West

Indian Trichechus manatus E Saltwater Texas Mammal

Manioc,

Walker's Manihot walkerae E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Texas Dicot

Meshweaver,

Braken Bat Cave Cicurina venii E Terrestrial,

Subterraneous Texas Arachnid

Meshweaver,

Government Canyon Bat Cave Cicurina vespera E Terrestrial,

Subterraneous Texas Arachnid

Meshweaver,

Madla's Cave Cicurina madla E Terrestrial,

Subterraneous Texas Arachnid

Meshweaver,

Robber Baron

Cave Cicurina baronia E Terrestrial,

Subterraneous Texas Arachnid

Minnow, Devils

River Dionda diaboli T Freshwater Texas Fish

Oak, Hinckley Quercus hinckleyi T Unattributed

Wetland

Status Texas Dicot

Ocelot Leopardus (=Felis)

pardalis E Terrestrial Texas Mammal

Owl, Mexican Spotted Strix occidentalis lucida T Terrestr ial Texas Bird

Phlox, Texas Trailing Phlox nivalis ssp.

texensis E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Texas Dicot

Plover, Piping Charadrius melodus E Terrestrial Texas Bird

### 205 Name S cientific Name Status Medium State Taxon

Pondweed, Little Aguja Creek Potamogeton

clystocarpus E Wetland Texas Monocot

Poppy

- ma llow,

Texas Callirhoe scabriuscula E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Texas Dicot

Prairie

- chicken,

Attwater's

Greater Tympanuchus cupido

attwateri E Terrestrial Texas Bird

Pseudoscorpion,

Tooth Cave Tartarocreagris texana E Terrestrial,

Subterraneous Texas Ar achnid

Pupfish,

Comanche
Springs Cyprinodon elegans E Freshwater Texas Fish

Pupfish, Leon
Springs Cyprinodon bovinus E Freshwater Texas Fish

Rhadine exilis (ncn) Rhadine exilis E Terrestrial,

Subterraneous Texas Insect

Rhadine infernalis (ncn) Rhadine infernalis E Terrestrial,

Subterraneous Texas Insect

Rush

- pea, Slender Hoffmannseggia tenella E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Texas Dicot

Salamander,
Barton Springs Eurycea sosorum E Terrestrial,

Freshwater Texas Amphibian

Salamander, San

Marcos Eurycea n ana T Terrestrial,

Freshwater Texas Amphibian

Salamander,

Texas Blind Typhlomolge rathbuni E Freshwater,

Subterraneous Texas Amphibian

Sand

- verbena,
Large

- fruited Abronia macrocarpa E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Texas Dicot

Shiner, Arkansas

River Notrop is girardi T Freshwater Texas Fish

Snail, Pecos

Assiminea Assiminea pecos E Freshwater Texas Gastropod

Snake, Concho

Water Nerodia paucimaculata T Terrestrial,

Freshwater Texas Reptile

Snowbells, Texas Styrax texanus E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Texas Dicot

### 206 Name S cientific Name Status Medium State Taxon

Spider,

Government Canyon Bat Cave Neoleptoneta microps E Terrestrial,

Subterraneous Texas Arachnid

Spider, Tooth

Cave Leptoneta myopica E Terrestrial,

Subterraneous Texas Arachnid

Sunflower,

Pecos Helianthus paradoxus T Wetland Texas Dicot

Tern, Interior (population)

Least Sterna antillarum E Terrestrial Texas Bird

Toad, Houston Bufo houstonensis E Terrestrial,

Freshwater Texas Amphibian

Vireo, Black

capped Vireo atricapilla E Terrestrial Texas Bird

Warbler (=Wood),

Golden

- cheeked Dendroica ch rysoparia E Terrestrial Texas Bird

Wild

- rice, Texas Zizania texana E Wetland Texas Monocot

Woodpecker,

Red

- cockaded Picoides borealis E Terrestrial Texas Bird

Ambersnail,

Kanab Oxyloma haydeni

kanabensis E Terrestrial,

Freshwater Utah Gastropod

Bearcla w poppy, Dwarf Arctomecon humilis E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Utah Dicot

Bladderpod,

Kodachrome Lesquerella tumulosa E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Utah Dicot

Buttercup,

Autumn Ranunculus aestivalis

(=acriformis) E Wetland Utah Dicot

Cactus, Colorado

h ookless Sclerocactus glaucus T Unattributed

Wetland

Status Utah Dicot

Cactus, Pariette Sclerocactus brevispinus T Unattributed

Wetland

Status Utah Dicot

Cactus, San

Rafael Pediocactus despainii E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Utah Dicot

### 207 Name S cientific Name Status Medium State Taxon

Cactus, Siler

Pinc ushion Pediocactus

(=Echinocactus,=Utahia)

sileri T Unattributed

Wetland

Status Utah Dicot

Cactus, Uinta

Basin hookless Sclerocactus

wetlandicus T Unattributed

Wetland

Status Utah Dicot

Cactus, Winkler Pediocactus winkleri T Unattributed

Wetland

Status U tah Dicot

Cactus, Wright

Fishhook Sclerocactus wrightiae E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Utah Dicot
Chub, Bonytail Gila elegans E Freshwater Utah Fish

Chub, Humpback Gila cypha E Freshwater Utah Fish

Chub, Virgin

River Gila seminuda

(=robusta) E Freshwat er Utah Fish

Condor,

California Gymnogyps

californianus E Terrestrial Utah Bird

Cycladenia,

Jones Cycladenia jonesii

(=humilis) T Unattributed

Wetland

Status Utah Dicot

Daisy, Maguire Erigeron maguirei T Unattributed

Wetland

Status Utah Dicot

Ferret, B lack

footed Mustela nigripes E Terrestrial Utah Mammal

Flycatcher,

Southwestern

Willow Empidonax traillii

extimus E Terrestrial Utah Bird

Ladies'

- tresses,

Ute Spiranthes diluvialis T Wetland Utah Monocot
Lynx, Canada Lynx canadensis T Terrestrial Utah M ammal

Milk

- vetch,

Deseret Astragalus desereticus T Unattributed

Wetland

Status Utah Dicot

Milk

- vetch, Heliotrope Astragalus montii T Unattributed

Wetland

Status Utah Dicot

### 208 Name S cientific Name Status Medium State Taxon

Milk

- vetch, Holmgren Astragalus

holmgreniorum E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Utah Dicot

Milk

- vetch,

Shivwits Astragalus

ampullarioides E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Utah Dicot

Milkweed,

Welsh's Asclepias welshii T Unattributed

Wetland

Status Utah Dicot

Owl, Mexican Spotted Strix occidentalis lucida T Terrestrial Utah Bird

Phacelia, Clay Phacelia argillacea E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Utah Dicot

Prairie Dog,

Utah Cynomys parvidens T Terrestrial,

Subterraneous Utah Mammal

Primrose, Maguire Primula maguirei T Upland Utah Dicot

Reed

- mustard, Barneby Schoenocrambe

barnebyi E Unattrib uted

Wetland

Status Utah Dicot

Reed

- mustard, Clay Schoenocrambe

argillacea T Unattributed

Wetland

Status Utah Dicot

Reed

- mustard, Shrubby Schoenocrambe

suffrutescens E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Utah Dicot

Ridge

- cress (=Pepper

- cress), Barneby Lepidium barnebyanum E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Utah Dicot
Sedge, Navajo Carex specuicola T Wetland Utah Monocot

Squawfish,

Colorado Ptychocheilus lucius E Freshwater Utah Fish

Sucker, June Chasmistes liorus E Freshwater Utah Fish

Sucker,

Razorback Xyrauchen texanus E Freshwater Utah Fish

Tortoise, Desert Gopherus agassizii T Terrestrial Utah Reptile

Townsendia,

Last Chance Townsendia aprica T Unattributed

Wetland

Status Utah Dicot

### 209 Name S cientific Name Status Medium State Taxon

Trout, Lahontan

Cutthroat Oncorhynchus clarki

henshawi T Freshwater Utah Fi sh

Woundfin Plagopterus

argentissimus E Freshwater Utah Fish

Bat, Indiana Myotis sodalis E Terrestrial,

Subterraneous Vermont Mammal
Lynx, Canada Lynx canadensis T Terrestrial Vermont Mammal

Mussel, Dwarf Wedge Alasmidonta heterodon E Freshwater Vermon t Bivalve

Boxwood, Vahl's Buxus vahlii E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Virgin Islands Dicot

Catesbaea Melanocarpa (ncn) Catesbaea melanocarpa E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Virgin Islands Dicot

Coral, Elkhorn Acropora palmata T Saltwater Virgin Islands Cor al

Coral, Staghorn Acropora cervicornis T Saltwater Virgin Islands Coral

Lizard, St. Croix

Ground Ameiva polops E Terrestrial Virgin Islands Reptile

Amaranth,

Seabeach Amaranthus pumilus T Unattributed

Wetland

Status Virginia Dicot

Bat, Gray Myotis gri sescens E Terrestrial,

Subterraneous Virginia Mammal

Bat, Indiana Myotis sodalis E Terrestrial,

Subterraneous Virginia Mammal

Bat, Ozark Big

eared Corynorhinus

(=Plecotus) townsendii
ingens E Terrestrial,

Subterraneous Virginia Mammal

Beetle,

Northeaste rn Beach Tiger Cicindela dorsalis

dorsalis T Terrestrial Virginia Insect

Birch, Virginia

Round

- leaf Betula uber T Unattributed

Wetland

Status Virginia Dicot

Bittercress,

Small

- anthered Cardamine micranthera E Wetland Virginia Dicot

### 210 Name S cientific Name Status Medium State Taxon

Bulrush,

Northeastern (=Barbed Bristle) Scirpus ancistrochaetus E Wetland Virginia Monocot

Butterfly, Mitchell's Satyr Neonympha mitchellii

mitchellii E Terrestrial,

Perm. wetland Virginia Insect

Chaffseed,

American Schwalbea americana E Wetland Virginia Dicot

Chub, Slender Erimystax cahni T Freshwater Virginia Fish

Chub, Spotfin Erimonax monachus T Freshwater Virginia Fish

Coneflower,

Smooth Echinacea laevigata E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Virginia Dicot

Dace, Blackside Phoxinus

cumberlandensis T Freshwater Virginia Fis h

Darter, Duskytail Etheostoma percnurum E Freshwater Virginia Fish

Fanshell Cyprogenia stegaria E Freshwater Virginia Bivalve

Harperella Ptilimnium nodosum E Wetland Virginia Dicot

Isopod, Lee
County Cave Lirceus usdagalun E Freshwater Virginia Crusta cean
Isopod, Madison

Cave Antrolana lira T Freshwater Virginia Crustacean

Joint

- vetch,

Sensitive Aeschynomene virginica T Wetland Virginia Dicot

Logperch,
Conasauga Percina jenkinsi E Freshwater Virginia Fish

Logperch,

Roanoke Percina rex E Freshwater Virginia Fish

Madtom,

Yellowfin Noturus flavipinnis T Freshwater Virginia Fish

Mucket, Pink (Pearlymussel) Lampsilis abrupta E Freshwater Virginia Bivalve

Mussel,

Cumberland

Combshell Epioblasma brevidens E Freshwater Virginia Bivalve

### 211 Name S cientific Name Status Medium State Taxon

Mussel, Dwarf

Wed ge Alasmidonta heterodon E Freshwater Virginia Bivalve

Mussel, Fine

rayed Pigtoe Fusconaia cuneolus E Freshwater Virginia Bivalve

Mussel, Oyster Epioblasma

capsaeformis E Freshwater Virginia Bivalve

Mussel, Rough
Pigtoe Pleurobema plenum E Freshwater Vi rginia Bivalve

Mussel, Shiny
Pigtoe Fusconaia cor E Freshwater Virginia Bivalve

Orchid, Eastern Prairie Fringed Platanthera leucophaea T Wetland Virginia Monocot

Pearlymussel, Appalachian Monkeyface Quadrula sparsa E Freshwater Virginia Bivalve

Pearlym ussel, Birdwing Conradilla caelata E Freshwater Virginia Bivalve

Pearlymussel, Cracking Hemistena lata E Freshwater Virginia Bivalve

Pearlymussel,

Cumberland

Bean Villosa trabalis E Freshwater Virginia Bivalve

Pearlymussel,

Cumberland Monkeyface Quadrul a intermedia E Freshwater Virginia Bivalve

Pearlymussel, Dromedary Dromus dromas E Freshwater Virginia Bivalve

Pearlymussel,

Green

- blossom Epioblasma torulosa

gubernaculum E Freshwater Virginia Bivalve

Pearlymussel,

Little

- wing Pegias fabula E Freshwate r Virginia Bivalve
Pink, Swamp Helonias bullata T Wetland Virginia Monocot

Plover, Piping Charadrius melodus E Terrestrial Virginia Bird

Pogonia, Small

Whorled Isotria medeoloides T Upland Virginia Monocot

Purple Bean Villosa perpurpurea E Freshwater V irginia Bivalve

### 212 Name S cientific Name Status Medium State Taxon

Rabbitsfoot, Rough Quadrula cylindrica

strigillata E Freshwater Virginia Bivalve

Riffleshell, Tan Epioblasma florentina

walkeri (=E. walkeri) E Freshwater Virginia Bivalve

Rock

- cress,
Shale Barren Arabis serotina E Unattributed

Wetland

S tatus Virginia Dicot

Salamander,

Shenandoah Plethodon shenandoah E Terrestrial,

Freshwater Virginia Amphibian

Snail, Virginia Fringed

Mountain Polygyriscus virginianus E Terrestrial Virginia Gastropod

Sneezeweed,
Virginia Helenium virginicum T Unattribu ted

Wetland

Status Virginia Dicot

Spider, Spruce

fir Moss Microhexura montivaga E Terrestrial Virginia Arachnid

Spinymussel,

James River Pleurobema collina E Freshwater Virginia Bivalve

Spiraea, Virginia Spiraea virginiana T Wetland Virginia Dicot

Squi rrel,

Carolina Northern Flying Glaucomys sabrinus

coloratus E Terrestrial Virginia Mammal

Squirrel,

Delmarva

Peninsula Fox Sciurus niger cinereus E Terrestrial Virginia Mammal

Sturgeon,

Shortnose Acipenser brevirostrum E Freshwater,

Saltwater Virginia Fi sh

Sumac,

Michaux's Rhus michauxii E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Virginia Dicot

Sunflower,

Schweinitz's Helianthus schweinitzii E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Virginia Dicot

Tern, Roseate Sterna dougallii

dougallii E Terrestrial Virginia Bird

Turtle, Bo g Clemmys muhlenbergii T Terrestrial,

Freshwater Virginia Reptile

### 213 Name S cientific Name Status Medium State Taxon

Woodpecker,

Red

- cockaded Picoides borealis E Terrestrial Virginia Bird

Albatross, Short

tailed Phoebastria

(=Diomedea) albatrus E Terrestrial,

Saltwater Washington Bird

Bear, Grizzly Ursu s arctos horribilis T Terrestrial Washington Mammal

Butterfly,
Oregon Silverspot Speyeria zerene

hippolyta T Terrestrial Washington Insect

Caribou,

Woodland Rangifer tarandus

caribou E Terrestrial Washington Mammal

Catchfly, Spalding's Silene spaldingii T Unattributed

Wetland

Status Washington Dicot

Checker

- mallow,

Nelson's Sidalcea nelsoniana T Wetland Washington Dicot

Checker

- mallow,

Wenatchee

Mountains Sidalcea oregana var.

calva E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Washington Dicot

Deer, Columbian

White

- tailed Odocoileus virginianus

leucurus E Terrestrial Washington Mammal

Howellia, Water Howellia aquatilis T Wetland Washington Dicot

Killer whale,

Southern

Resident DPS Orcinus orca E Saltwater Washington Mammal

Ladies'

- tresses,

Ute Spiranthes diluviali s T Wetland Washington Monocot

Lomatium,

Bradshaw's Lomatium bradshawii E Wetland Washington Dicot

Lupine, Kincaid's Lupinus sulphureus

(=oreganus) ssp. kincaidii (=var. kincaidii) T Unattributed

Wetland

Status Washington Dicot
Lynx, Canada Lynx canaden sis T Terrestrial Washington Mammal

### 214 Name S cientific Name Status Medium State Taxon

Murrelet,

Marbled Brachyramphus

marmoratus T Terrestrial,
Freshwater,

Saltwater Washington Bird

Owl, Northern Spotted Strix occidentalis

caurina T Terrestrial Washington Bird

Paintbrush,

Golden Castilleja levisecta T Unattributed

Wetland

Status Washington Dicot

Plover, Western
Snowy Charadrius alexandrinus

nivosus T Terrestrial Washington Bird

Rabbit, Pygmy Brachylagus idahoensis E Terrestrial Washington Mammal

Rockfish,

Bocaccio Sebastes paucispinis E Saltwater Was hington Fish

Rockfish, Yelloweye Sebastes ruberrimus E Saltwater Washington Fish

Salmon, Chinook Oncorhynchus (=Salmo)

tshawytscha E/T Freshwater,
Brackish,

Saltwater Washington Fish

Salmon, Sockeye Oncorhynchus (=Salmo)

nerka E Freshwater, Brackish,

Sa ltwater Washington Fish

Sandwort,

Marsh Arenaria paludicola E Wetland Washington Dicot

Steelhead Oncorhynchus (=Salmo)

mykiss E Freshwater, Brackish,

Saltwater Washington Fish

Stickseed, Showy Hackelia venusta E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Washington Di cot

Trout, Apache Oncorhynchus apache T Freshwater Washington Fish

Trout, Bull Salvelinus confluentus T Freshwater Washington Fish

Whale, Gray Eschrichtius robustus E Saltwater Washington Mammal

Bat, Indiana Myotis sodalis E Terrestrial,

Subterraneous West Virginia Mammal

### 215 Name S cientific Name Status Medium State Taxon

Bat, Virginia Big

eared Corynorhinus

(=Plecotus) townsendii
virginianus E Terrestrial,

Subterraneous West Virginia Mammal

Bulrush,

Northeastern (=Barbed Bristle) Scirpus ancistrochaetus E Wetland West Virginia Monocot

Clover, Runnin g Buffalo Trifolium stoloniferum E Unattributed

Wetland

Status West Virginia Dicot

Fanshell Cyprogenia stegaria E Freshwater West Virginia Bivalve

Harperella Ptilimnium nodosum E Wetland West Virginia Dicot

Isopod, Madison

Cave Antrolana lira T Freshwat er West Virginia Crustacean

Mucket, Pink (Pearlymussel) Lampsilis abrupta E Freshwater West Virginia Bivalve

Mussel,

Clubshell Pleurobema clava E Freshwater West Virginia Bivalve

Pearlymussel,

Tubercled

blossom Epioblasma torulosa

torulosa E Freshwater West Virginia Bivalve

Pogonia, Small

Whorled Isotria medeoloides T Upland West Virginia Monocot

Rock

- cress, Shale Barren Arabis serotina E Unattributed

Wetland

Status West Virginia Dicot

Salamander,

Cheat Mountain Plethodon nettingi T Terrestrial,

Fresh water West Virginia Amphibian

Snail, Flat

- spired

Three

- toothed Triodopsis platysayoides T Terrestrial West Virginia Gastropod

Spinymussel,

James River Pleurobema collina E Freshwater West Virginia Bivalve

Spiraea, Virginia Spiraea virginiana T Wetland W est Virginia Dicot

Butterfly, Karner

Blue Lycaeides melissa

samuelis E Terrestrial Wisconsin Insect

### 216 Name S cientific Name Status Medium State Taxon

Clover, Prairie

Bush Lespedeza leptostachya T Unattributed

Wetland

Status Wisconsin Dicot

Dragonfly, Hine's

Emerald Somatochlora hineana E Terrestrial,

F reshwater Wisconsin Insect
Iris, Dwarf Lake Iris lacustris T Wetland Wisconsin Monocot

Locoweed,

Fassett's Oxytropis campestris

var. chartacea T Unattributed

Wetland

Status Wisconsin Dicot
Lynx, Canada Lynx canadensis T Terrestrial Wisconsin Mammal

Mil kweed,

Mead's Asclepias meadii T Unattributed

Wetland

Status Wisconsin Dicot

Monkshood,

Northern Wild Aconitum

noveboracense T Unattributed

Wetland

Status Wisconsin Dicot

Mussel, Winged Mapleleaf Quadrula fragosa E Freshwater Wisconsin Bivalve

Orchid, E astern Prairie Fringed Platanthera leucophaea T Wetland Wisconsin Monocot

Pearlymussel, Higgins' Eye Lampsilis higginsii E Freshwater Wisconsin Bivalve

Plover, Piping Charadrius melodus E Terrestrial Wisconsin Bird

Thistle, Pitcher's Cirsium pitcheri T Unattributed

Wetland

Status Wisconsin Dicot

Warbler (=Wood),

Kirtland's Dendroica kirtlandii E Terrestrial Wisconsin Bird

Butterfly Plant,

Colorado Gaura neomexicana

var. coloradensis T Unattributed

Wetland

Status Wyoming Dicot
Chub, Bonytail Gila elega ns E Freshwater Wyoming Fish

Chub, Humpback Gila cypha E Freshwater Wyoming Fish

Crane, Whooping Grus americana E Terrestrial,

Freshwater Wyoming Bird

Ferret, Black

footed Mustela nigripes E Terrestrial Wyoming Mammal

### 217 Name S cientific Name Status Medium State Taxon

Ladies'

- tresses,

Ute Spiranthes di luvialis T Wetland Wyoming Monocot
Lynx, Canada Lynx canadensis T Terrestrial Wyoming Mammal

Mouse, Preble's

Meadow
Jumping Zapus hudsonius preblei T Terrestrial Wyoming Mammal

Orchid, Western Prairie Fringed Platanthera praeclara T Unattributed

Wetland

Status Wyoming Monocot

Penstemon,

Blowout Penstemon haydenii E Unattributed

Wetland

Status Wyoming Dicot

Plover, Piping Charadrius melodus E Terrestrial Wyoming Bird

Squawfish,

Colorado Ptychocheilus lucius E Freshwater Wyoming Fish

Sturgeon, Pallid S caphirhynchus albus E Freshwater Wyoming Fish

Sturgeon,

Shovelnose Scaphirhynchus

platorynchus SAT Saltwater Wyoming Fish

Sucker,

Razorback Xyrauchen texanus E Freshwater Wyoming Fish

Tern, Interior (population)

Least Sterna antillarum E Terrestrial Wyo ming Bird

Toad, Wyoming Bufo baxteri

(=hemiophrys) E Terrestrial,

Freshwater Wyoming Amphibian

Yellowhead,

Desert Yermo xanthocephalus T Unattributed

Wetland

Status Wyoming Dicot