( Adopted ; 05/04/79; Amended : 02/05/82; Amended : 12/07/84; Amended : 05/05/89; Amended : 03/02/90; Amended : 12/07/90; Amended : 08/02/91; Amended : 02/07/92; Amended : 03/08/96; Rescinded : mm/dd/yy)

AVAQMD Rule 1128 1128-1 Paper, Fabric, And Film Coating Operations D1: 12/1 8/12 

# RULE 1128 Paper, Fabric, and Film Coating Operations [The provisions of this rule have been incorporated into the proposed amended version of Rule 1130. Bracketed and italicized notes for e ach section indicate where the appropriate rule provision is located in Rule 1130, or why the provision is no longer necessary.]



### (a) Applicability [Applicability has been incorporated into Rule 1130 §(A)(2).]

This rule applies to all persons applying coatings or wash primers to paper, fabric, or film substrates. The drying and curing processes covere d under this rule include, but are not limited to, heated, forced-air dried, and non-heated proces ses.



### (b) Definitions [Definitions have been incorporated into Rule 1130 §(B). Definitions have been updated as needed.]

For the purpose of this rule, the following defini tions shall apply:

(1) AEROSOL COATING PRODUCT is a pressurized coatin g product containing pigments or resins that dispenses product ingredien ts by means of a propellant, and is packaged in a disposable can for hand-held applicat ion, or for use in specialized equipment for ground traffic/marking applications. [See Rule 1130 §(B)(2).]

(2) APPLICATION PROCESS is any process where surfa ce coatings are applied and/or

cured to paper, fabric, and/or film on a coating li ne. Such coating line shall include coating applicators, heating or drying ovens, any d ryers, and any other equipment where VOC emissions occur. [See Rule 1130 §(B)(4).]

(3) COATING means a layer of material applied on a substrate that forms a film. [See Rule

1130 §(B)(11) for updated definition.]

(4) DIE COATER (OR SLIT COATER) is a type of appli cation equipment that coats an

object by flowing coatings through a slit directly onto the object moving past the slit. [See Rule 1130 §(B)(17).]1128-2 AVAQMD Rule 1128 Paper, Fabric, And Film Coating Operations D1: 12/1 8/12 (5) DIP COATER is a type of application equipment that coats an object by submerging the

object in a vat of coating, and subsequently withdr awing the object and draining off the excess coating. [See Rule 1130 §(B)(20).]

(6) ELECTROSTATIC APPLICATION is a method of apply ing coating whereby atomized

paint droplets are charged and subsequently deposit ed on the substrate by electrostatic attraction. [See Rule 1130 §(B)(27).]

(7) EXEMPT COMPOUNDS (See Rule 102-Definition of T erms). [See Rule 1130

§(B)(29), updated for consistency.]

(8) FABRIC COATING is any decorative or protective coating or reinforcing material

applied on or impregnated into textile fabric, viny l coated textile fabric, or vinyl sheets. [See Rule 1130 §(B)(30).]

(9) FILM COATING is any coating applied in a web c oating process on any film substrate

other than paper or fabric, including, but not limi ted to typewriter ribbons, photographic film, magnetic tape, and metal foil gift wrap, but excluding coatings applied to packaging used exclusively for food and health-care products for human or animal consumption. [See Rule 1130 §(B)(32).]

(10) FLOW COATER is a type of application equipmen t that coats an object by flowing a

stream of coating over the object and draining off any excess coating. [See Rule 1130 §(B)(36).]

(11) FOAM COATER is a type of application equipmen t that coats an object by flowing

foam through holes or a slit directly onto the obje ct moving underneath it. [See Rule 1130 §(B)(37).]

(12) GRAMS OF VOC PER LITER OF COATING, LESS WATER AND LESS EXEMPT

COMPOUNDS, is the weight of VOC per combined volume of VOC and coating solids, and can be calculated by the following equa tion: [See Rule 1130 §(B)(41).]

Grams of VOC per Liter of Coating, Less W s - W w - W es Water and Less Exempt Compounds = V m - V w - V es Where: W s = weight of volatile compounds, in grams

W w = weight of water, in grams
W es = weight of exempt compounds, in grams
V m = volume of material, in liters
V w = volume of water, in liters
V es = volume of exempt compounds, in liters

(13) GRAMS OF VOC PER LITER OF MATERIAL is the wei ght of VOC per volume of

material and can be calculated by the following equ ation: [See Rule 1130 §(B)(42).]AVAQMD Rule 1128 1128-3

Paper, Fabric, And Film Coating Operations D1: 12/1 8/12 W s - W w - W es Grams of VOC per Liter of Material = V m Where: W s = weight of volatile compounds, in grams
W w = weight of water, in grams
W es = weight of exempt compounds, in grams
V m = volume of material in liters

(14) HAND APPLICATION METHOD is a method of applyi ng a coating to a substrate

using manually held, non-mechanically operated equi pment. Such equipment includes paint brushes, hand rollers, caulking guns, trowels , spatulas, syringe daubers, rags, and
sponges. [See Rule 1130 §(B)(47).]

(15) HEATING OVEN is a device into which paper, fa bric or film is put in order to dry or

cure the applied coating by applying heat. [See Rule 1130 §(B)(76) definition for Oven.]

(16) HIGH VOLUME LOW PRESSURE (HVLP) SPRAY is an a tomized coating

application system which is operated between 0.1 an d 10 psig air pressure at the air cap/tip of the spray gun. [See Rule 1130 §(B)(49) for updated definition.]

(17) PAPER COATING is any coating applied on or im pregnated into paper, including, but

not limited to, adhesive tapes and labels, book cov ers, post cards, office copier paper, drafting paper, and pressure sensitive tapes. [See Rule 1130 §(B)(81).]

(18) PLASTISOL is a coating that is a liquid dispe rsion of small particles of resins and

plastisizers that are fused to become a plastic. [See Rule 1130 §(B)(82).]

(19) PLASTISIZER is a material used to keep plasti c material soft and viscous. [See Rule

1130 §(B)(82).]

(20) ROLL COATER is a type of application equipmen t in which a series of mechanical

rollers form a thin coating film on the surface of a roller, which is subsequently applied to a substrate by moving the substrate underneath t he roller. [See Rule 1130 §(B)(94).]

(21) TRANSFER EFFICIENCY is the ratio of the weigh t or volume of coating solids

adhering to an object to the total weight or volume , respectively, of coating solids used in the application process expressed as a percentag e. [See Rule 1130 §(B)(107).]

(22) VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUND (VOC) is any volati le chemical compound

which contains the element carbon excluding methane , carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, carbonic acid, metallic carbides or carbon ates, ammonium carbonate, and exempt compounds. [See Rule 1130 §(B)(110) for updated definition.]1128-4 AVAQMD Rule 1128 Paper, Fabric, And Film Coating Operations D1: 12/1 8/12 (23) WASH PRIMER is a material used to clean and/o r to activate surfaces of paper, fabric,

or film and may contain no more than five percent, by weight, solid materials. [See Rule 1130 §(B)(111).]



### (c) Requirements

(1) Until January 1, 1994, a person shall not use o r apply any coating in any paper, fabric, or film coating application process involving the u se of heating ovens unless: [This subsection deleted. Provisions expired 1/1/94.]

(A) the coating contains less than 265 grams of VOC per liter of coating, less water, and less exempt compounds, as applied, and is appli ed with a minimum transfer efficiency of 95 percent; or

(B) the VOC emissions are collected and reduced to less than 120 grams per liter of coating applied.

(2) On or after January 1, 1994, a person shall not use or apply any coating in any paper, fabric or film coating application process, with or without heating ovens, unless: [Section relocated to Rule 1130, §(C)(3)(a).]

(A) The coating contains less than 265 grams of VOC per liter of coating less water, and less exempt compounds, as applied; or

(B) VOC emissions are collected and reduced by an a pproved emission control system pursuant to subdivisions (d) and (j).

(3) A person shall not use or apply any plastisol t o any paper, fabric, or film substrate unless the coating contains less than 20 grams of V OC per liter of coating, less water, and less exempt compounds, as applied. [Section relocated to Rule 1130, §(C)(3)(b).]

(4) Until January 1, 1994, a person shall not use w ash primer on any paper, fabric, and/or film used in any paper, fabric, and/or film coating application process involving the use of heating ovens, unless: [This subsection deleted. Provisions expired 1/1/9 4.]

(A) the wash primer contains less than 265 grams of VOC per liter of material used,

or
(B) the VOC emissions from the washing operations are collected and reduced to

less than 120 grams per liter of washing material u sed.

(5) On or after January 1, 1994, a person shall no t use wash primer on any paper, fabric,

and/or film used in any paper, fabric, and/or film coating application process, with or without heating ovens, unless: [Section relocated to Rule 1130 §(C)(3)(c).]AVAQMD Rule 1128 1128-5

Paper, Fabric, And Film Coating Operations D1: 12/1 8/12 (A) The wash primer contains less than 265 grams of VOC per liter of material used,

or
(B) VOC emissions are collected and reduced by an approved emission control

system, pursuant to subdivisions (d) and (j).

(6) Application Methods [This subsection is already represented in Rule 113 0 subsection (C)(5), except for (H) which has been added as §(C) (5)(h).]

On or after January 1, 1994, no person shall apply coatings, unless these materials are applied with equipment operated according to manufa cturer's specifications, and by the use of one of the following methods:

(A) Flow Coater;

(B) Roll Coater;

(C) Dip Coater;

(D) Foam Coater;

(E) Die Coater;

(F) Hand Application Methods;

(G) High-Volume Low-Pressure (HVLP) spray, only fo r air-dried coatings; or

(H) Such other alternative spray application metho ds as are demonstrated in

accordance with the provisions of paragraph (f)(4), to be capable of achieving equivalent or better transfer efficiency than the a pplication method listed in subparagraph (c)(6)(G), and for which written appro val of the Executive Officer has been obtained; [See rule 1130 amendment §(C)(5)(h).]

(7) Containers for organic solvents and mixing tank s for coatings containing organic solvents shall be free from leaks and shall be cove red except when adding or removing materials, cleaning, or when the container is empty

. [See Rule 1130 subsection (C)(8) for these provisions.]

(8) A person shall not: [See Rule 1130 subsection (C)(7).]

(A) use VOC-containing materials for the cleaning of application equipment used in

paper, fabric, and/or film coating operations, excl uding hand wiping, unless:

(i) 85 percent of the VOCs are collected and pro perly disposed of in such a way that they are not emitted into the atmosphere; or
(ii) the clean-up materials contain 15 percent o r less, by weight, VOC.1128-6 AVAQMD Rule 1128 Paper, Fabric, And Film Coating Operations D1: 12/1 8/12 (B) use other than closed containers for disposal of cloth or paper used for surface

preparation, clean-up, and the removal of uncured c oatings, which are impregnated with solvent containing VOC. [See Rule 1130 subsection (C)(8) for these provisions.]

(C) use other than closed containers for disposal of cloth or paper used in stripping

cured coatings, which are impregnated with solvent containing VOC. [See Rule 1130 subsection (C)(8) for these provisions.]

(9) Solvent Cleaning Operations: Storage and Dispo sal of VOC Containing Materials

Subparagraphs (c)(8)(A), (c)(8)(B) and hand wipe cleaning of application equipment

used in paper, fabric, and/or film coating operatio ns shall be superseded by paragraphs (c)(1), (c)(2), (c)(4), and (c)(6) of Rule 1171 - S olvent Cleaning Operations, on and after July 1, 1992. [See Rule 1130 subsection (C)(7).]



### (d) Approved Emission Control System [See Rule 1130 subsection (C)(4)(c).]

A person may comply with the provisions of paragra ph (c)(2), (c)(5) or (c)(6) by using an emission control system for reducing VOC emissions consisting of collection and control devices, which are approved, in writing, by the Exe cutive Officer and installed in accordance with the Compliance Schedule of subdivision (j) and operated subject to the following provisions:

(1) The emission collection system shall collect a t least 90 percent, by weight, of the

emissions generated by the source of emissions.

(2) The control device shall reduce emissions from an emission collection system by at

least 95 percent, by weight, or the output of the c ontrol device is 50 ppm, by volume, calculated as carbon, with no dilution.



### (e) Recordkeeping Requirements [See Rule 1130 Section (E).]

Records shall be maintained pursuant to Rule 109.



### (f) Compliance Test Methods [See Rule 1130 Section (H).]

For the purpose of this rule, the following test m ethods shall be used.

(1) The VOC content of materials subject to the pr ovisions of this rule shall be determined

by:AVAQMD Rule 1128 1128-7

Paper, Fabric, And Film Coating Operations D1: 12/1 8/12 (A) The United States Environmental Protection Ag ency (USEPA) Reference

Method 24 (Determination of Volatile Matter Content , Water Content, Density Volume Solids, and Weight Solids of Surface Coating s, Code of Federal Regulations Title 40, Part 60, Appendix A). The ex empt compound's content shall be determined by the South Coast Air Quality Management District's (SCAQMD) Laboratory Methods of Analysis for Enforce ment Samples - Section III, Methods 19 and 22; or [See Rule 1130 §(H)(3).]

(B) SCAQMD's Laboratory Methods of Analysis for E nforcement Samples -

Section III, Methods 16, 17, 19, 22, and 24. [See Rule 1130 §(H)(1).]

VOC emissions determined to exceed any limits est ablished by this rule through the use

of the above-referenced sets of test methods shall consititute a violation of the rule. [See Rule 1130§(H)(10).]

(2) The capture efficiency of the emissions collec tion system shall be determined by the

USEPA method cited in 55 FR (Federal Register) 2686 5, June 29, 1990. [See Rule 1130 §(H)(8) for updated test method.]

(3) The efficiency of the control device and the V OC content measured and calculated as

carbon in the control device exhaust gases shall be determined by USEPA's Test Method 18, or Air Resources Board (ARB) Method 422 for the determination of emissions of Exempt Compounds and USEPA's Test Meth ods 25, 25A, or SCAQMD's Method 25.1 (Determination of Total Gaseous Non-Met hane Organic Emissions as Carbon) for the determination of total organic comp ound emissions. Emissions determined to exceed any limits established by this rule through the use of any of the above-referenced test methods shall constitute a vi olation of the rule. [See Rule 1130 §(H)(8)(b).]

(4) The transfer efficiency of alternative coating application methods shall be determined in

accordance with SCAQMD method "Spray Equipment Tran sfer Efficiency Test Procedure for Equipment User, May 24, 1989." [See Rule 1130 § (H)(7).]

The following classes of compounds: cyclic branch ed, or linear, completely fluorinated alkanes; cyclic, branched, or linear, completely fl uorinated ethers with no unsaturations; cyclic, branched, or linear, completely fluorinated tertiar y amines with no unsaturations; and sulfurcontained perfluorocarbons with no unsaturations an d with sulfur bonds only to carbon and fluorine, will be analyzed as exempt compounds for compliance with subdivision (c), only at such time as manufacturers specify which individual compounds are used in the coating formulations and identify the test methods, which, prior to such analysis, have been approved by the USEPA and the SCAQMD, that can be used to qu antify the amounts of each exempt compound. [See Rule 1130 §(H)(3).]



### (g) Rule 442 Applicability1128-8 AVAQMD Rule 1128 Paper, Fabric, And Film Coating Operations D1: 12/1 8/12 Any coating, coating operation, or facility which is exempt from all or a portion of this rule, shall comply with the provisions of Rule 442. [See Rule 1130 §(F).]



### (h) Alternative Emission Control Plan [See Rule 1130 §(C)(6).]

An owner/operator may comply with subparagraph (c) (1)(A) or (c)(2)(A) by means of an Alternative Emission Control Plan pursuant to Rule 108.



### (i) Exemptions

(1) Until January 1, 1994, the provisions of subdi vision (c) shall not apply to any coating

application facility which applies less than two ga llons of coatings per day. [This provision has expired and has not been incorporated in amended Rule 1130.]

(2) The provisions of this rule shall not apply to aerosol coating products. [See Rule 1130

§(I)(3)(t).]

(3) The provisions of subparagraph (c)(6) shall no t apply to the application of materials that

contain less than 20 g/L of VOC per liter of materi al. [Incorporated into amended Rule 1130 §(I)(2)(a).]

(4) The provisions of subdivision (c) shall not ap ply to laboratories which apply less than

two (2) gallons per day of coatings to test specime ns for purposes of testing for production-related operations, research, developmen t, and quality control. [Incorporated into amended Rule 1130 §(I)(2)(b).]

(5) The provisions of this rule shall not apply to the application of coatings to fine arts

paintings, or to scenic or theatrical backgrounds f or motion pictures, television, and theater. [See Rule 1130 § (I)(3)(j). Additional provisions have been incorporated for consistency.]

(6) The provisions of subdivision (c) shall not ap ply to laboratories located at facilities that

manufacture reinforced plastic, structural material s, which apply no more than three (3) gallons per day of coatings to test specimens for e ither testing production-related operations, research, development, or quality contr ol. [Incorporated into amended Rule 1130 §(I)(2)(c).]



### (j) Compliance Schedule [Compliance dates for this section are past and sho uld have been

achieved. This Section has not been incorporated i n amended Rule 1130.]

Persons complying with the provisions of subdivisi on (d) shall comply with the following increments of progress to achieve compliance:AVAQMD Rule 1128 1128-9

Paper, Fabric, And Film Coating Operations D1: 12/1 8/12 (1) By July 1, 1992, submit required applications for permits to construct and operate, to

achieve compliance with paragraphs (c)(2), (c)(5), or (c)(6).

(2) By January 1, 1994, demonstrate compliance wit h paragraphs (c)(2), (c)(5), or (c)(6).

[SIP: Submitted as amended 3/8/96 on 7/23/96; App roved 12/20/93, 58 FR 66287, 40 CFR 52.220(c)(189)(I)(A)(3); Approved 11/16/83, 48 FR 5 2054, 40 CFR 52.220(c)(125)(ii)(D); Approved 1/21/81, 46 FR 5965, 40 CFR 52.220(c)(58)(ii)(A)]