IIB 

118TH CONGRESS 

2D SESSION H. R. 8663 

IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES 

SEPTEMBER 10, 2024 

Received; read twice and referred to the Committee on Homeland Security and 

Governmental Affairs 

AN ACT 

To require the Science and Technology Directorate in the 

Department of Homeland Security to develop greater 

capacity to detect, identify, and disrupt illicit substances 

in very low concentrations. 

1 Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representa2 tives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, 


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HR 8663 RFS

1 SECTION 1. SHORT TITLES. 

2 This Act may be cited as the ‘‘Detection Equipment 

3 and Technology Evaluation to Counter the Threat of 

4 Fentanyl and Xylazine Act of 2024’’ or the ‘‘DETECT 

5 Fentanyl and Xylazine Act of 2024’’. 

6 SEC. 2. ENHANCING THE CAPACITY TO DETECT, IDENTIFY, 

7 AND DISRUPT DRUGS SUCH AS FENTANYL 

8 AND XYLAZINE. 

9 Section 302 of the Homeland Security Act of 2002 

10 (6 U.S.C. 182) is amended— 

11 (1) in paragraph (13), by striking ‘‘and’’ at the 

12 end; 

13 (2) in paragraph (14), by striking the period at 

14 the end and inserting ‘‘; and’’; and 

15 (3) by adding at the end the following: 

16 ‘‘(15) carrying out research, development, test17 ing, evaluation, and cost-benefit analyses to improve 

18 the safety, effectiveness, and efficiency of equipment 

19 and reference libraries for use by Federal, State, 

20 local, Tribal, and territorial law enforcement agen21 cies for the accurate detection of drugs or the dis22 ruption of drug trafficking for drugs such as 

23 fentanyl and xylazine, including, but not limited to— 

24 ‘‘(A) portable equipment that can detect 

25 and identify drugs with minimal or no handling 

26 of the sample; 


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1 ‘‘(B) equipment that can separate complex 

2 mixtures containing low concentrations of drugs 

3 and high concentrations of cutting agents into 

4 their component parts to enable signature ex5 traction for field identification and detection; 

6 and 

7 ‘‘(C) technologies that use machine learn8 ing or artificial intelligence (as defined in sec9 tion 5002 of the National Artificial Intelligence 

10 Initiative Act of 2020 (15 U.S.C. 9401)) and 

11 other techniques to predict whether the sub12 stances in a sample are controlled substance 

13 analogues or other new psychoactive substances 

14 not yet included in available reference librar15 ies.’’. 

16 SEC. 3. REQUIREMENTS. 

17 In carrying out section 302(15) of the Homeland Se18 curity Act of 2002, as added by section 2, the Under Sec19 retary for Science and Technology shall— 

20 (1) follow the recommendations, guidelines, and 

21 best practices described in the Artificial Intelligence 

22 Risk Management Framework (NIST AI 100–1) or 

23 any successor document published by the National 

24 Institute of Standards and Technology; and 


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1 (2) establish the Directorate of Science and 

2 Technology’s research, development, testing, evalua3 tion, and cost-benefit analysis priorities under such 

4 section 302(15) based on the latest available infor5 mation, including the latest State and Territory Re6 port on Enduring and Emerging Threats published 

7 by the Drug Enforcement Administration or any 

8 successor document. 

Passed the House of Representatives September 9, 

2024. 

Attest: KEVIN F. MCCUMBER, 

Clerk. 


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