NATIONAL CENTER FOR EDUCATION STATISTICS

E.D. Tabs February 2000

State Library Agencies,

Fiscal Year 1998

U.S. Department of Education

Office of Educational Research and Improvement NCES 2000-318 
 

 
 

NATIONAL CENTER FOR EDUCATION STATISTICS

E.D. Tabs February 2000

State Library Agencies,

Fiscal Year 1998

Elaine Kroe

National Center for Education Statistics

U.S. Department of Education

Office of Education Research and Improvement NCES 2000-318
U.S. Department of Education

Richard W. Riley

Secretary

Office of Educational Research and Improvement

C. Kent McGuire

Assistant Secretary

National Center for Education Statistics

Gary W. Phillips

Acting Commissioner

The National Center for Education Statistics (NCES) is the primary federal entity for collecting, analyzing,

and reporting data related to education in the United States and other nations. It fulfills a congressional

mandate to collect, collate, analyze, and report full and complete statistics on the condition of education in

the United States; conduct and publish reports and specialized analyses of the meaning and significance of

such statistics; assist state and local education agencies in improving their statistical systems; and review

and report on education activities in foreign countries.

NCES activities are designed to address high priority education data needs; provide consistent, reliable,

complete, and accurate indicators of education status and trends; and report timely, useful, and high

quality data to the U.S. Department of Education, the Congress, the states, other education policymakers,

practitioners, data users, and the general public.

We strive to make our products available in a variety of formats and in language this is appropriate to a

variety of audiences. You, as our customer, are the best judge of our success in communicating

information effectively. If you have any comments or suggestions about this or any other NCES product

or report, we would like to hear from you. Please direct your comments to:

National Center for Education Statistics

Office of Educational Research and Improvement

U.S. Department of Education

555 New Jersey Avenue NW

Washington, DC 20208-5574

February 2000

The NCES World Wide Web Home Page is: http://nces.ed.gov

Suggested Citation

U.S. Department of Education. National Center for Education Statistics. State Library Agencies, Fiscal

Year 1998, NCES 2000-318, Elaine Kroe, Survey Manager. Washington, D.C.: 2000

Contact:

Elaine Kroe

202-219-1361
iii

Introduction

This report contains data on state library agencies in the 50 states and the District of Columbia for state

fiscal year 1998.1 The data were collected through the State Library Agencies (STLA) Survey, the

product of a cooperative effort between the Chief Officers of State Library Agencies (COSLA), the U.S.

National Commission on Libraries and Information Science (NCLIS), and the National Center for

Education Statistics (NCES). The FY 1998 STLA Survey is the fifth in the series.

Background

A state library agency is the official agency of a state charged by state law with the extension and

development of public library services throughout the state and which has adequate authority under state

law to administer state plans in accordance with the provisions of the Library Services and Technology Act

(LSTA) (P.L. 104-208). Beyond these two roles, state library agencies vary greatly. They are located in

various departments of state government and report to different authorities. They are involved in various

ways in the development and operation of electronic information networks. They provide different types

of services to different types of libraries. STLAs are increasingly receiving broader legislative mandates

affecting libraries of all types in the states (i.e., public, academic, school, special, and library systems). 

STLAs provide important reference and information services to state governments and administer the state

libraries and special operations such as state archives, libraries for the blind and physically handicapped,

and the State Center for the Book. The STLA may also function as the state's public library at large,

providing service to the general public and state government employees. This report provides information

on the range of roles played by state library agencies and the various combinations of fiscal, human, and

informational resources invested in such work. 

Purpose of Survey

The purpose of the STLA Survey is to provide state and federal policymakers, researchers, and other

interested users with descriptive information about state library agencies. The data collected are useful to

(1) Chief Officers of state library agencies, (2) policy makers in the executive and legislative branches of

Federal and state governments, (3) government and library administrators at Federal, state, and local

levels, (4) the American Library Association and its members or customers, and (5) library and public

policy researchers. The survey asks each STLA about the kinds of services it provides, its staffing

practices, its collections, income and expenditure data, and more. Decision-makers use the NCES survey

to obtain information about services and fiscal practices.

The STLA Survey collects some data on state library agency services and financial assistance to public,

academic, school, and library systems. When added to the data collected through the NCES surveys of

public, academic, school, and federal libraries, and library cooperatives, these data help complete the

national picture of library service.

Congressional Authorization

The STLA Survey is conducted in compliance with the NCES mission “to collect, analyze, and

 

1

See the section on Reporting Period in appendix A for more information on state fiscal year.
iv

disseminate statistics and other information related to education in the United States and in other nations,

including ... the learning and teaching environment, including data on libraries...”, (P.L. 103-382,

Title IV, National Education Statistics Act of 1994, Sec 404 (a)).

Terms used in this report

The definitions for terms used in this report are included in the survey facsimile in appendix D.
v

Highlights

Governance

♦ Nearly all state library agencies (48 states and the District of Columbia) are located in the

executive branch of government. Of these, over 65 percent are part of a larger agency, the most

common being the state department of education. In two states, Arizona and Michigan, the

agency is located in the legislative branch (tables 1a and 1b).

Allied and Other Special Operations

♦ A total of 15 state library agencies reported having one or more allied operations (table 2). Allied

operations most frequently linked with a state library agency are the state archives (10 states) and

the state records management service (10 states).

♦ Seventeen state library agencies contract with public or academic libraries in their states to serve as

resource or reference/information service centers. Eighteen state library agencies host or provide

funding for a State Center for the Book2

 (table 2).

Electronic Services and Information

♦ All state library agencies plan or monitor electronic network development; 45 states and the

District of Columbia operate such networks; and 44 states and the District of Columbia develop

network content (table 3).3

♦ Thirty-four state library agencies were applicants to the Universal Service (E-rate discount)

Program established by the Federal Communications Commission under the Telecommunications

Act of 1996 (P.L. 104-104) (appendix B).4

♦ All state library agencies facilitate library access to the Internet in one or more of the following

ways: training or consulting library staff in the use of the Internet; providing a subsidy for Internet

participation; providing equipment to access the Internet; providing access to directories,

databases, or online catalogs; and managing gopher/Web sites, file servers, bulletin boards, or

listservs (table 3).

 

2

 The State Center for the Book is part of the Center for the Book program sponsored by the Library of

Congress which promotes books, reading, and literacy, and is hosted or funded by the state.

3 Network content refers to database development. Database development activities may include the

creation of new databases or the conversion of existing databases into electronic format. Includes

bibliographic databases as well as full text or data files.

4 Under this program, the FCC promotes affordable access to the Internet and the availability of

Internet services to the public, with special attention given to schools and libraries. Appendix B lists

the state library agencies that were applicants to this program.
vi

♦ Forty-four state library agencies provide or facilitate library access to on-line databases through

subscription, lease, license, consortial membership, or agreement (table 3).

♦ Almost all state library agencies facilitate or subsidize electronic access to the holdings of other

libraries in their state, most frequently through Online Computer Library Center (OCLC)

participation (42 states and the District of Columbia) (table 5). Over half provide access via a

Web-based union catalog (30 states) or Telnet gateway (27 states).

♦ Forty-six state library agencies have Internet terminals available for public use, ranging in number

from 2 to 5 (15 states); 5 to 9 (13 states); 10 to 19 (8 states); and 20 to 29 (7 states) and 30 or

more (3 states). Michigan reported the largest number of public-use Internet terminals (41) (table

4).

Library Development Services

Services to Public Libraries

♦ Every state library agency provides the following types of services to public libraries:

administration of Library Services and Technology Act (LSTA) grants, collection of library

statistics, and library planning, evaluation, and research. Nearly every state library agency

provides consulting services and continuing education programs (table 6a).

♦ Services to public libraries provided by at least three-quarters of state agencies include

administration of state aid, interlibrary loan referral services, library legislation preparation or

review, literacy program support, reference referral services, state standards or guidelines,

summer reading program support, union list development, and review of technology plans for the

Universal Service (E-rate discount) Program (table 6a).

♦ Over three-fifths of state agencies provide OCLC Group Access Capability (GAC) to public

libraries and statewide publication relations or library promotion campaigns (table 6a).

♦ Less common services to public libraries include accreditation of libraries, certification of

librarians, cooperative purchasing of library materials, preservation/conservation services, and

retrospective conversion of bibliographic records (table 6a).

Services to Academic Libraries

♦ At least two-thirds of state library agencies provide the following services to the academic library

sector: administration of LSTA grants, continuing education, interlibrary loan referral services,

and reference referral services (table 6b).

♦ Less common services to academic libraries include cooperative purchasing of library materials,

literacy program support, preservation/conservation, retrospective conversion, and state standards

or guidelines. No state library agency accredits academic libraries; only Washington state certifies

academic librarians (table 6b).
vii

Services to School Library Media Centers

♦ At least two-thirds of state library agencies provide the following services to school library media

centers (LMCs): administration of LSTA grants, continuing education, interlibrary loan referral

services, and reference referral services (table 6c). Services to LMCs provided by at least half of

all state agencies include consulting services and union list development (table 6c).

♦ Less common services to LMCs include administration of state aid, cooperative purchasing of

library materials, retrospective conversion, and Universal Service Program review. No state

library agency accredits LMCs or certifies LMC librarians (table 6c).

Services to Special Libraries

♦ Over two-thirds of state library agencies serve special libraries5

 through administration of LSTA

grants, consulting services, continuing education, interlibrary loan referral, reference referral, and

union list development (table 6d).

♦ Less common services to special libraries include administration of state aid, cooperative

purchasing of library materials, and summer reading program support. Only Nebraska accredits

special libraries and only Indiana and Washington state certify librarians of special libraries (table

6d).

Services to Systems

♦ At least three-fifths of state library agencies serve library systems6

 through administration of LSTA

grants, consulting services, continuing education, interlibrary loan referral, library legislation

preparation or review, and library planning, evaluation, and research (table 6e).

♦ Accreditation of library systems is provided by only six states, and certification of systems

librarians by only five states (table 6e).

Service Outlets

♦ State library agencies reported a total of 152 service outlets –72 main or central outlets, 71 other

outlets (excluding bookmobiles), and 9 bookmobiles (table 7).

 

5

 A library in a business firm, professional association, government agency, or other organized group;

a library that is maintained by a parent organization to serve a specialized clientele; or an independent

library that may provide materials or services, or both, to the public, a segment of the public, or to

other libraries. Scope of collections and services are limited to the subject interests of the host or

parent institution. Includes libraries in state institutions.

6

 A system is a group of autonomous libraries joined together by formal or informal agreements to

perform various services cooperatively such as resource sharing, communications, etc. Includes

multitype library systems and public library systems. Excludes multiple outlets under the same

administration.
viii

Collections

♦ The number of books and serial volumes held by state library agencies totaled 22.0 million, with

New York accounting for the largest collection (2.4 million) (table 9). Five state agencies had

book and serial volumes of over one million. In other states, collections ranged from 500,000 to

one million (11 states); 200,000 to 499,999 (12 states); 100,000 to 199,999 (8 states); 50,000 to

99,999 (7 states); and under 50,000 (6 states). The state library agency in Maryland does not

maintain a collection, and the District of Columbia does not maintain a collection in its function as

a state library agency.7

♦ The number of serial subscriptions held by state library agencies totaled over 82,000, with New

York holding the largest number (over 12,100) (table 9). Ten state library agencies reported serial

subscriptions of over 2,000. In other states, these collections ranged from 1,000 to 1,999 (7

states), 500 to 999 (16 states), 100 to 499 (13 states), and under 100 (2 states). The state library

agencies in Maryland and the District of Columbia do not maintain collections, and Indiana does

not maintain statistics on this item.

Staff

♦ The total number of budgeted full-time equivalent (FTE) positions in state library agencies was

3,766 (table 12a). Librarians with American Library Association-Master of Library Science

(ALA-MLS) degrees accounted for 1,206 of these positions, or 32.0 percent of total FTE

positions. Rhode Island reported the largest percentage (57.1 percent) of ALA-MLS librarians,

and Virginia reported the lowest (16.3 percent).

Income

♦ State library agencies reported a total income of $886.2 million in FY 1998 (81.3 percent from

state sources, 16.7 percent from federal sources, and 2.0 percent from other sources) (table 15).8

♦ Of state library agency income received from state sources, over $509 million (70.7 percent) was

designated for state aid to libraries (table 17). In 11 states, over 75 percent of income from state

sources was set aside for state aid. Georgia had the largest percentage of state library agency

income set aside for state aid (97.3 percent). Six states (Hawaii, Iowa, New Hampshire, South

Dakota, Vermont, Wyoming) and the District of Columbia targeted no state funds for aid to

 

7 In Maryland, Enoch Pratt Central, the central library of the Enoch Pratt Free Library is designated

by state law as the State Library Resource Center. In the District of Columbia, the Martin Luther King

Memorial Library, the central library of the District of Columbia Public Library, functions as a

resource center for the municipal government.

8 Federal income includes State Program grant awards under the Library Services and Technology Act

(LSTA) (P.L. 104-208); remaining income reported for Title II of the Library Services and

Construction Act (LSCA) (P.L. 101-254); in Arizona, LSCA Title I award for fiscal year 1992 (award

was not available earlier due to litigation); and other federal income. Note: LSCA was superseded by

LSTA, but some LSCA funds are still unspent.
ix

libraries; instead, 95 to100 percent of their state funds were set aside for state library agency

operations.9

Expenditures

♦ State library agencies reported total expenditures of $863.5 million (table 18). The largest

percentage (84.0 percent) was from state funds, followed by federal funds (14.4 percent), and other

funds (1.6 percent).

♦ In five states, over 90 percent of total expenditures were from state sources (table 18). These states

were Georgia (94.0 percent), Massachusetts (93.4 percent), New York (92.3 percent), West

Virginia (90.7 percent), and Maryland (90.4 percent). The District of Columbia had the lowest

percentage of expenditures from state sources (36.7), followed by Wyoming (52.2 percent).

♦ Financial assistance to libraries accounted for 69.0 percent of total state library expenditures, with

the largest percentages expended on individual public libraries (55.2 percent) and public library

systems (15.9 percent) (tables 23 and 25c). Most of the expenditures for financial assistance to

libraries were from state sources (88.0 percent), while 11.8 percent were from federal sources

(table 20).

♦ Library Services and Technology Act (LSTA) expenditures accounted for 84.1 percent of total

federal expenditures (tables 18 and 26a). The largest percentage of LSTA expenditures was

distributed as grants to libraries (57.3 percent). Funds expended directly by the state library

agencies on statewide services accounted for 40.5 percent of LSTA expenditures.

♦ Fourteen state library agencies reported expenditures for allied operations (table 27). These

expenditures totaled over $23.1 million and represented 2.7 percent of total expenditures by state

library agencies. Of states reporting such expenditures, Virginia had the highest expenditure ($3.8

million) and Kansas the lowest ($110,000).10

♦ Twenty-nine state library agencies reported a total of almost $19.0 million in grants and contracts

expenditures to assist public libraries with state education reform initiatives or the National

Education Goals (table 28). The area of lifelong learning accounted for the largest proportion of

such expenditures (43.3 percent), followed by the areas of adult literacy (29.8 percent) and

readiness for school (26.9 percent). Such expenditures were focused exclusively on readiness for

school projects in five states (Louisiana, Nebraska, Oregon, Tennessee, and Utah); on adult literacy

in three states (New Hampshire, New Jersey, and Oklahoma); and on lifelong learning in two states

(Colorado and Massachusetts).

 

9 The District of Columbia Public Library functions as a state library agency and is eligible for Federal

LSTA (Library Services and Technology Act) funds in this capacity. The state library agency in

Hawaii is associated with the Hawaii State Public Library System and operates all public libraries

within its jurisdiction. The state funds for aid to libraries for these two agencies are reported on the

NCES Public Libraries Survey, rather than on the STLA survey, because of the unique situation of

these two state agencies, and in order to eliminate duplicative reporting of these data.

10 Although Alaska reported allied operations (see table 2), the expenditures for such operations are not

from the state library agency budget.
 
xi

Acknowledgments

This report was reviewed by Joseph F. Shubert, Librarian Emeritus, New York State Library; Barratt

Wilkins, State Librarian, Florida State Library; Leslie Scott of the Education Statistics Services Institute

(ESSI); and Michael Cohen, Jeffrey Owings, and Jeffrey Williams of NCES.

Sincere gratitude is expressed to all the individuals who provided the data that made this report possible

and to the Bureau of the Census, the data collection agent for NCES for this survey.
 

 

 
xiii

 

 Additional Information

The E.D. Tabs: State Library Agencies, FY 1998 is available on the Internet, and as a printed publication.

Data File: State Library Agencies Data, FY 1998 (the survey data file and database documentation) is also

available on the Internet. 

On the Internet, the World Wide Web site is http://nces.ed.gov. To access the E.D. Tabs or data file,

select Survey and Program Areas; Library Surveys, Library Statistics Program, and State Library

Agencies.

To order a copy of the report, contact the Education Publications Center (ED Pubs):

www.ed.gov/pubs/edpubs.html

E-mail: EdPubs@inet.ed.gov

Toll-free phone: 1-877-4-ED-PUBS (877-433-7827)

TTY/TDD: 1-877-576-7734

Fax: 1-301-470-1244

Mail: ED Pubs, P.O. Box 1398 Jessup, Md. 20794-1398
 

 

 
xv

Contents

Introduction ............................................................................................................ iii

Highlights ............................................................................................................... v

Acknowledgments ..................................................................................................... xi

Additional Information............................................................................................. xiii

Tables

Governance, Related Operations, and Electronic Services and Information

Table 1a Location of state library agencies by branch of government, type of executive

branch agency, and state: Fiscal year 1998......................................................... 2

Table 1b State library agencies, by type of executive branch agency, reporting and

selection methods of independent agency, and state: Fiscal year 1998............................ 4

Table 2 Allied operations of state library agencies, by type of operation; agencies that

contract with a local public library or academic library to serve as a state

resource or reference/information service center; and agencies that host or

provide funding for a State Center for the Book, by state: Fiscal year 1998..................... 6

Table 3 Electronic network functions supported at the state level; library access to the

Internet supported by state library agencies, by type function and access; and 

library access to on-line databases supported by state library agencies, by state:

Fiscal year 1998 ........................................................................................... 8

Table 4 Internet terminals available for public use in state library agency outlets that

serve the general public, and use of the Internet by state library agencies to

answer reference questions, by state: Fiscal year 1998............................................ 10

Table 5 Electronic access to the holdings of other libraries in the state facilitated or

subsidized by state library agencies, by type of access and state: Fiscal year 1998............ 12

Services to Libraries and Systems

Table 6a Services to public libraries by state library agencies, by type of service

and state: Fiscal year 1998............................................................................ 14

Table 6b Services to academic libraries by state library agencies, by type of service

and state: Fiscal year 1998 ........................................................................... 18
xvi

Table 6c Services to school library media centers by state library agencies, by type of 

service and state: Fiscal year 1998.................................................................. 22

Table 6d Services to special libraries by state library agencies, by type of service

and state: Fiscal year 1998 ........................................................................... 26

Table 6e Services to systems by state library agencies, by type of service and state:

Fiscal year 1998 ........................................................................................ 30

Outlets, User, Public Service Hours, and Collections

Table 7 Service outlets of state library agencies, by type of outlet, by user group

and type of outlet, and by state: Fiscal year 1998 ................................................. 34

Table 8 Average number of public service hours per outlet of state library agency outlets

open to the general public and/or state government employees, and public service basis

of outlets open to the general public, by state: Fiscal year 1998 ................................. 38

Table 9 Library materials in state library agencies, by type of material; designation of

of state library agencies as state or federal depository libraries; type of federal

depository library; and maintenance of general collection, by state: 

Fiscal year 1998 ........................................................................................ 40

Service Transactions

Table 10 Library service transactions in state library agency outlets that serve the

general public and/or state government employees, by type of transaction

and state: Fiscal year 1998 ........................................................................... 42

Table 11 Library development transactions of state library agencies, by type of

transaction and state: Fiscal year 1998 .................................................................... 44

Staff

Table 12a Budgeted full-time equivalent (FTE) positions in state library agencies,

by type of position and state: Fall 1998 ............................................................. 46

Table 12b Budgeted full-time equivalent (FTE) positions in state library agencies,

by type of activity and state: Fall 1998.............................................................. 48

Table 12c Budgeted full-time equivalent (FTE) positions in library development in

state library agencies, by type of library served and state: Fall 1998 ......................... 50

Table 12d Budgeted full-time equivalent (FTE) positions in library services in

state library agencies, by type of library service and state: Fall 1998......................... 52

Table 13a Budgeted full-time equivalent (FTE) positions in administration of LSTA

grants in state library agencies, by type of position and state: Fall 1998 ...................... 54

Table 13b Budgeted full-time equivalent (FTE) positions in administration of state aid
xvii

in state library agencies, by type of position and state: Fall 1998............................... 56

Table 13c Budgeted full-time equivalent (FTE) positions in automation/electronic network

development /telecommunications in state library agencies, by type of position

and state: Fall 1998.................................................................................... 58

Table 13d Budgeted full-time equivalent (FTE) positions in blind and physically

handicapped services in state library agencies, by type of position

and state: Fall 1998 .................................................................................... 60

Table 13e Budgeted full-time equivalent (FTE) positions in children's/young adult

services in state library agencies, by type of position and state: Fall 1998 ................... 62

Table 13f Budgeted full-time equivalent (FTE) positions in institutional library

services in state library agencies, by type of position and state: Fall 1998 ................... 64

Table 13g Budgeted full-time equivalent (FTE) positions in library statistics in

state library agencies, by type of position and state: Fall 1998 ................................. 66

Table 13h Budgeted full-time equivalent (FTE) positions in literacy program support

in state library agencies, by type of position and state: Fall 1998.............................. 68

Table 13i Budgeted full-time equivalent (FTE) positions in marketing/communications

in state library agencies, by type of position and state: Fall 1998.............................. 70

Table 14a Total paid employees in state library agencies, by employment status, gender,

and state: Fall 1998.................................................................................... 72

Table 14b Librarians with ALA-MLS employed in state library agencies, by employment

status, gender, and state: Fall 1998 ................................................................. 74

Table 14c Other professional employed in state library agencies, by employment status,

gender, and state: Fall 1998.......................................................................... 76

Table 14d Other paid staff employed in state library agencies, by employment status,

gender, and state: Fall 1998.......................................................................... 78

Income

Table 15 Total income of state library agencies, by source of income, and state:

Fiscal year 1998 ........................................................................................ 80

 

Table 16 Federal income of state library agencies, by type of federal program and state:

Fiscal year 1998 ........................................................................................ 82

Table 17 State income of state library agencies, by type of state program and state:

Fiscal year 1998 ........................................................................................ 84
xviii

Expenditures from All Sources

Table 18 Total expenditures of state library agencies, by source of expenditure,

and total expenditures per capita, by state: Fiscal year 1998 .................................... 86

Table 19 Operating expenditures of state library agencies, by source of expenditure,

and operating expenditures per capita, by state: Fiscal year 1998 ............................. 88

Table 20 Expenditures of state library agencies for financial assistance to libraries,

by source of expenditure, and state: Fiscal year 1998 ........................................... 90

 

Table 21 Capital outlay expenditures of state library agencies, by source of

expenditure, and state: Fiscal year 1998 .......................................................... 92

Table 22 Other expenditures of state library agencies, by source of expenditure,

and state: Fiscal year 1998............................................................................ 94

Table 23 Total expenditures of state library agencies, from all sources, by type

of expenditure and state: Fiscal year 1998.......................................................... 96

Table 24 Operating expenditures of state library agencies, from all sources, by type

of expenditure and state: Fiscal year 1998.......................................................... 98

Expenditures for Financial Assistance to Libraries

Table 25a Expenditures of state library agencies, from all sources, for financial

assistance to libraries, by type of library/program and state: Fiscal year 1998.............. 100

Table 25b Expenditures of state library agencies, from state sources, for financial

assistance to libraries, by type of library/program and state: Fiscal year 1998.............. 102

Table 25c Percentage distribution of expenditures of state library agencies, from all

sources, for financial assistance to libraries, by type of library/program and

state: Fiscal year 1998 ............................................................................... 104

 

Table 25d Percentage distribution of expenditures of state library agencies, from state

sources, for financial assistance to libraries, by type of library/program

and state: Fiscal year 1998 .......................................................................... 106

Table 25e Per capita expenditures of state library agencies, from all sources,

for financial assistance to libraries, by type of library/program and state: 

Fiscal year 1998 ....................................................................................... 108

Table 25f Per capita expenditures of state library agencies, from state sources,

for financial assistance to libraries, by type of library/program and state: 

Fiscal year 1998 ....................................................................................... 110

 
xix

Expenditures of Library Services and Technology Act (LSTA) Funds

Table 26a LSTA expenditures of state library agencies, by type of expenditure and

state: Fiscal year 1998 .......................................................................... 112

Table 26b LSTA expenditures of state library agencies, by use of expenditure and

state: Fiscal year 1998 .......................................................................... 114

Expenditures for Allied Operations

Table 27 Allied operations expenditures of state library agencies, type of expenditure,

and allied operations expenditures as a percent of total expenditures, by state:

Fiscal year 1998................................................................................... 116

Other Expenditures

Table 28 Expenditures from all sources of state library agencies to assist public libraries

with state or national education initiatives, by type of initiative and state:

 Fiscal year 1998................................................................................... 118

Appendixes

Appendix A: Survey Methodology........................................................................... 123

Appendix B: State Library Agencies that Were Applicants to the Universal Service

 (E-Rate Discount) Program .................................................................. 125

Appendix C: Recipients of Other Federal Income, by State and by Type of Income Received ... 127

Appendix D: FY 1998 Survey Facsimile ................................................................... 129
 

 
Tables
Table 1a.--Location of state library agencies, by branch of government, type of 

 executive branch agency, and state: Fiscal year 1998

Branch of government Type of 

executive branch agency

Independent Part of

State Executive Legislative agency larger agency

50 States and DC 49 2 17 32

Alabama X - X -

Alaska X - - X

Arizona - X - -

Arkansas X - - X

California X - X -

Colorado X - - X

Connecticut X - - X

Delaware X - - X

District of Columbia X - X -

Florida X - - X

Georgia X - - X

Hawaii X - - X

Idaho X - - X

Illinois X - - X

Indiana X - X -

Iowa X - - X

Kansas X - X -

Kentucky X - - X

Louisiana X - - X

Maine X - X -

Maryland X - - X

Massachusetts X - X -

Michigan - X - -

Minnesota X - - X

Mississippi X - X -

Missouri X - - X

Montana X - X -

Nebraska X - X -

Nevada X - - X

New Hampshire X - - X

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 1a.--Location of state library agencies, by branch of government, type of 

 executive branch agency, and state: Fiscal year 1998--Continued

Branch of government Type of 

executive branch agency

Independent Part of

State Executive Legislative agency larger agency

New Jersey X - - X

New Mexico X - - X

New York X - - X

North Carolina X - - X

North Dakota X - - X

Ohio X - X -

Oklahoma X - X -

Oregon X - X -

Pennsylvania X - - X

Rhode Island X - - X

South Carolina X - X -

South Dakota X - - X

Tennessee X - - X

Texas X - X -

Utah X - - X

Vermont X - - X

Virginia X - - X

Washington X - X -

West Virginia X - X -

Wisconsin X - - X

Wyoming X - - X

X Applicable.

- Not applicable.

 SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, 

 State Library Agencies Survey, Fiscal Year 1998.
Table 1b.--State library agencies, by type of executive branch agency, reporting and selection methods of independent agency, and state: Fiscal year 1998

Executive branch agency, by type

Independent agency Part of larger agency 

Reporting to Board or commission selection method(s) 

Department

Board or Appointed by Appointed by Ex-officio Elected Department of Cultural Department

State Governor commission Governor other official members members of Education Resources of State Other 1

50 States and DC 4 13 12 3 0 0 12 4 5 11

Alabama - X X - - - - - - -

Alaska - - - - - - X - - -

Arizona - - - - - - - - - -

Arkansas 2 

- - - - - - X - - -

California X - - - - - - - - -

Colorado - - - - - - X - - -

Connecticut 2 

- - - - - - X - - -

Delaware - - - - - - - - X -

District of Columbia - X X - - - - - - -

Florida - - - - - - - - X -

Georgia - - - - - - - - - X

Hawaii - - - - - - X - - -

Idaho - - - - - - - - - X

Illinois - - - - - - - - X -

Indiana X - - - - - - - - -

Iowa - - - - - - X - - -

Kansas X - - - - - - - - -

Kentucky - - - - - - - - - X

Louisiana - - - - - - - X - -

Maine - X X - - - - - - -

Maryland - - - - - - X - - -

Massachusetts X - - - - - - - - -

Michigan - - - - - - - - - -

Minnesota - - - - - - - - - X

Mississippi - X X X - - - - - -

Missouri - - - - - - - - X -

Montana - X X X - - - - - -

Nebraska - X X - - - - - - -

Nevada - - - - - - - - - X

New Hampshire - - - - - - - X - -

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 1b.--State library agencies, by type of executive branch agency, reporting and selection methods of independent agency, and state: 

 Fiscal year 1998--Continued

Executive branch agency, by type

Independent agency Part of larger agency 

Reporting to Board or commission selection method(s) 

Department

Board or Appointed by Appointed by Ex-officio Elected Department of Cultural Department 

State Governor commission Governor other official members members of Education Resources of State Other 1

New Jersey - - - - - - - - - X

New Mexico - - - - - - - X - -

New York - - - - - - X - - -

North Carolina - - - - - - - X - -

North Dakota - - - - - - X - - -

Ohio - X - X - - - - - -

Oklahoma - X X - - - - - - -

Oregon - X X - - - - - - -

Pennsylvania - - - - - - X - - -

Rhode Island - - - - - - - - - X

South Carolina - X X - - - - - - -

South Dakota - - - - - - - - - X

Tennessee - - - - - - - - X -

Texas - X X - - - - - - -

Utah - - - - - - - - - X

Vermont - - - - - - - - - X

Virginia - - - - - - X - - -

Washington - X X - - - - - - -

West Virginia - X X - - - - - - -

Wisconsin - - - - - - X - - -

Wyoming - - - - - - - - - X

X Applicable.

- Not applicable.

1

 Georgia--Department of Technical and Adult Education. 

 Idaho--Office of the State Board of Education. 

 Kentucky--Education, Arts, and Humanities. 

 Minnesota--Department of Children, Families and Learning. 

 Nevada--Department of Museums, Library and Arts.

 New Jersey--Thomas Edison State College.

 Rhode Island--Department of Administration.

 South Dakota--Department of Education and Cultural Affairs.

 Utah--Department of Community and Economic Development.

 Vermont--Agency of Administration.

 Wyoming--Department of Administration and Information.

2 The state library agency is part of the Department of Education but has a board or commission appointed by the governor.

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, State Library Agencies Survey, Fiscal Year 1998.
Table 2.--Allied operations of state library agencies, by type of operation; agencies that contract with a local public library or academic library 

 to serve as a state resource or reference/information service center; and agencies that host or provide funding for a State Center for the Book, 

 by state: Fiscal year 1998

Allied operations

Primary State Contract for state Host or provide

state legislative records State resource center or funding for

research State management history museum/ reference/information State Center

State organization archives service art gallery Other* service center for the Book

50 States and DC 4 10 10 3 4 17 18

Alabama N N N N N N N

Alaska N Y Y Y N Y N

Arizona Y Y Y Y N N N

Arkansas N N N N N N N

California Y N N N N Y N

Colorado N N N N N Y Y

Connecticut N Y Y Y Y N N

Delaware N N N N N Y N

District of Columbia N N N N N N N

Florida N Y Y N N N N

Georgia N N N N N N N

Hawaii N N N N N N N

Idaho N N N N N N N

Illinois N N N N N N Y

Indiana N N N N N N Y

Iowa N N N N N N N

Kansas Y N Y N N N N

Kentucky N Y Y N N N Y

Louisiana N N N N N N Y

Maine N N N N N Y N

Maryland N N N N N Y N

Massachusetts N N N N N Y N

Michigan N N N N N N Y

Minnesota N N N N N Y N

Mississippi N N N N N N N

Missouri N N N N N Y Y

Montana N N N N Y Y Y

Nebraska N N N N N N Y

Nevada N Y Y N N N Y

New Hampshire N N N N N N N

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 2.--Allied operations of state library agencies, by type of operation; agencies that contract with a local public library or academic library 

 to serve as a state resource or reference/information service center; and agencies that host or provide funding for a State Center for the Book, 

 by state: Fiscal year 1998--Continued

Allied operations

Primary State Contract for state Host or provide

state legislative records State resource center or funding for

research State management history museum/ reference/information State Center

State organization archives service art gallery Other* service center for the Book

New Jersey N N N N N N N

New Mexico N N N N N N N

New York N N N N N N N

North Carolina N N N N N N Y

North Dakota N N N N N N Y

Ohio N N N N N N Y

Oklahoma Y Y Y N N N Y

Oregon N N N N N N Y

Pennsylvania N N N N N Y N

Rhode Island N N N N N Y N

South Carolina N N N N N N Y

South Dakota N N N N N N N

Tennessee N Y N N N Y N

Texas N Y Y N N Y N

Utah N N N N N N N

Vermont N N N N N Y N

Virginia N Y Y N N N Y

Washington N N N N N N N

West Virginia N N N N Y N N

Wisconsin N N N N Y Y N

Wyoming N N N N N Y Y

Y Yes.

N No.

* Connecticut--Arts Commission.

 Montana--Natural Resource Information System and State Literacy Resource Center.

 West Virginia--State Publication Clearinghouse.

 Wisconsin--Brokered Services for Public Libraries.

NOTE: State library agencies were asked to report all allied operations, regardless of whether the allied operations were funded from the agency's budget.

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, State Library Agencies Survey, Fiscal Year 1998.
Table 3.--Electronic network functions supported at the state level; library access to the Internet supported by state library agencies, by type of 

 function and access; and library access to on-line databases supported by state library agencies, by state: Fiscal year 1998

Electronic network functions supported at the state level Library access to the Internet

 Data base development Providing access Managing 

Electronic to directories, gopher/web site, Library

network Electronic Training or data bases, or file servers, access to

planning or network Bibliographic Full text or consultation for Subsidy for Providing online catalogs bulletin boards, on-line

State monitoring operation data bases data files participation participation equipment via the Internet or listservs databases*

50 States and DC 51 45 44 41 49 42 41 50 50 44

Alabama Y N Y N Y Y N Y Y Y

Alaska Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y

Arizona Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y

Arkansas Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y

California Y N Y N Y Y Y Y Y N

Colorado Y Y N N Y N N Y Y Y

Connecticut Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y

Delaware Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y

District of Columbia Y Y Y Y N N Y Y Y N

Florida Y N Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y

Georgia Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y

Hawaii Y Y Y Y Y N Y Y Y Y

Idaho Y Y N N Y Y Y Y Y Y

Illinois Y Y N N Y Y Y Y Y Y

Indiana Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y

Iowa Y Y Y Y Y Y N Y Y Y

Kansas Y Y Y Y Y N N Y Y Y

Kentucky Y Y Y N Y Y Y Y N Y

Louisiana Y Y Y Y Y Y N Y Y Y

Maine Y Y Y N Y N N Y Y Y

Maryland Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y

Massachusetts Y Y N Y Y Y Y Y Y Y

Michigan Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y

Minnesota Y N N N N N N N Y N

Mississippi Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y

Missouri Y N Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y

Montana Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y

Nebraska Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y

Nevada Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y

New Hampshire Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 3.--Electronic network functions supported at the state level; library access to the Internet supported by state library agencies, by type of 

 function and access; and library access to on-line databases supported by state library agencies, by state: Fiscal year 1998--Continued

Electronic network functions supported at the state level Library access to the Internet

 Data base development Providing access Managing 

Electronic to directories, gopher/web site, Library

network Electronic Training or data bases, or file servers, access to

planning or network Bibliographic Full text or consultation for Subsidy for Providing online catalogs bulletin boards, on-line

State monitoring operation data bases data files participation participation equipment via the Internet or listservs databases*

New Jersey Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y

New Mexico Y N N Y Y Y Y Y Y N

New York Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y

North Carolina Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y

North Dakota Y Y Y Y Y N Y Y Y Y

Ohio Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y N

Oklahoma Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y

Oregon Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y

Pennsylvania Y Y Y N Y Y Y Y Y N

Rhode Island Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y N

South Carolina Y Y Y Y Y N Y Y Y Y

South Dakota Y Y Y Y Y N Y Y Y Y

Tennessee Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y

Texas Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y

Utah Y Y Y N Y Y N Y Y Y

Vermont Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y

Virginia Y Y Y Y Y Y N Y Y Y

Washington Y Y N Y Y Y Y Y Y Y

West Virginia Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y

Wisconsin Y Y Y Y Y Y N Y Y Y

Wyoming Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y

Y Yes.

N No.

* The state library agency, either on its own or in partnership with other state agencies, provides or facilitates access for other libraries in the state 

 to on-line databases through subscription, lease, license, consortial membership, or agreement.

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, State Library Agencies Survey, Fiscal Year 1998.
Table 4.--Internet terminals available for public use in state library 

 agency outlets that serve the general public, and use of the 

 Internet by state library agencies to answer reference 

 questions, by state: Fiscal year 1998

Staff use of

Internet the Internet

terminals to answer 

available for reference

State public use questions

50 States and DC 486 44

Alabama 2 Y

Alaska 16 Y

Arizona 30 Y

Arkansas 2 Y

California 24 N

Colorado 3 Y

Connecticut 25 Y

Delaware 2 N

District of Columbia 0 N

Florida 21 Y

Georgia 2 Y

Hawaii 27 Y

Idaho 6 Y

Illinois 12 Y

Indiana 9 Y

Iowa 9 Y

Kansas 3 Y

Kentucky 5 Y

Louisiana 10 Y

Maine 5 Y

Maryland 0 N

Massachusetts 0 N

Michigan 41 Y

Minnesota 2 Y

Mississippi 6 Y

Missouri 5 Y

Montana 3 Y

Nebraska 24 Y

Nevada 5 Y

New Hampshire 4 Y

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 4.--Internet terminals available for public use in state library 

 agency outlets that serve the general public, and use of the 

 Internet by state library agencies to answer reference 

 questions, by state: Fiscal year 1998--Continued

Staff use of

Internet the Internet

terminals to answer 

available for reference

State public use questions

New Jersey 12 Y

New Mexico 15 N

New York 22 Y

North Carolina 5 Y

North Dakota 0 Y

Ohio 5 Y

Oklahoma 10 Y

Oregon 2 Y

Pennsylvania 30 Y

Rhode Island 2 Y

South Carolina 25 Y

South Dakota 15 Y

Tennessee 4 Y

Texas 11 Y

Utah 0 Y

Vermont 9 Y

Virginia 5 N

Washington 5 Y

West Virginia 2 Y

Wisconsin 2 Y

Wyoming 2 Y

Y Yes.

N No.

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education 

 Statistics, State Library Agencies Survey, Fiscal Year 1998.
Table 5.--Electronic access to the holdings of other libraries in the state facilitated or subsized by state library agencies, 

 by type of access and state: Fiscal year 1998

Electronic access to the holdings of other libraries, by type of access

OCLC Web-based

participation union catalog Z39.50

(GAC, (statewide, gateway

CD-ROM retrospective Telnet multistate, (regional,

State union catalog conversion) gateway regional) multistate) Other*

50 States and DC 18 42 27 30 21 11

Alabama Y Y Y Y Y N

Alaska N Y Y Y N Y

Arizona N Y N N Y Y

Arkansas N Y Y Y Y N

California Y Y Y Y Y N

Colorado N Y Y N N N

Connecticut Y N N Y N N

Delaware Y Y Y N N Y

District of Columbia N Y N N N N

Florida N Y N N N N

Georgia N Y N N N N

Hawaii N Y Y Y N N

Idaho Y Y Y N Y N

Illinois Y Y Y Y Y N

Indiana Y Y Y N Y Y

Iowa N Y N Y Y N

Kansas N Y N Y N N

Kentucky N Y N N N N

Louisiana N Y N Y N N

Maine Y Y N Y N N

Maryland N N Y Y Y N

Massachusetts N N Y N N Y

Michigan N Y Y N N Y

Minnesota N N N N N N

Mississippi Y Y Y Y Y Y

Missouri Y Y Y Y Y N

Montana Y Y Y Y N N

Nebraska N Y N N N N

Nevada N Y Y Y Y N

New Hampshire N Y N N Y N

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 5.--Electronic access to the holdings of other libraries in the state facilitated or subsized by state library agencies, 

 by type of access and state: Fiscal year 1998--Continued

Electronic access to the holdings of other libraries, by type of access

OCLC Web-based

participation union catalog Z39.50

(GAC, (statewide, gateway

CD-ROM retrospective Telnet multistate, (regional,

State union catalog conversion) gateway regional) multistate) Other*

New Jersey Y Y N Y Y N

New Mexico Y Y N N N N

New York Y Y Y Y Y Y

North Carolina N Y N N N Y

North Dakota N Y N Y Y N

Ohio N Y Y Y N N

Oklahoma Y Y N N N N

Oregon N N N Y Y Y

Pennsylvania Y Y N Y N N

Rhode Island N Y Y Y N N

South Carolina N Y N N N N

South Dakota N Y Y Y N N

Tennessee Y N N Y N N

Texas N Y Y N Y N

Utah N Y Y N N Y

Vermont N Y Y Y Y N

Virginia N N Y N N N

Washington N N N Y Y N

West Virginia N Y Y Y N N

Wisconsin Y N N Y N N

Wyoming N Y Y Y Y N

Y Yes.

N No.

* Alaska--Statewide Online Periodicals Database.

 Arizona--Links to other Web-based Catalogs from STLA Website. 

 Delaware--Web Page access. 

 Indiana--Inspire.

 Massachusetts--STLA Website lists Internet accessible catalogs in Massachusetts.

 Michigan--Michigan Electronic Library, Access Michigan.

 Mississippi--Maintains statewide network for public libraries.

 North Carolina--Statewide electronic library project--NC Live.

 New York--Virtual union catalog.

 Oregon--ORION software from CPS pilot for ILL network.

 Utah--State documents with html links between full text and online catalog. 

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, State Library Agencies Survey, Fiscal Year 1998.
Table 6a.--Services to public libraries by state library agencies, by type of service and state: Fiscal year 1998

Services to public libraries

Admini- Cooperative Library

stration of Admini- Collection Continuing purchasing of Interlibrary legislation

Accreditation LSTA stration of Certification of library Consulting education library loan referral preparation/

State of libraries grants 1

state aid of librarians statistics services programs materials services review

50 States and DC 12 51 40 22 51 50 50 13 45 48

Alabama N Y Y N Y Y Y N Y Y

Alaska N Y Y N Y Y Y N Y Y

Arizona N Y Y N Y Y Y Y Y Y

Arkansas N Y Y N Y Y Y Y Y Y

California N Y Y N Y Y Y N N Y

Colorado N Y N N Y Y Y N Y Y

Connecticut N Y Y N Y Y Y N N Y

Delaware N Y Y N Y Y Y N Y Y

District of Columbia N Y N N Y N Y Y Y Y

Florida N Y Y N Y Y Y N Y Y

Georgia N Y Y N Y Y Y N Y Y

Hawaii N Y N N Y Y N Y Y Y

Idaho N Y Y N Y Y Y N Y Y

Illinois N Y Y N Y Y Y N Y Y

Indiana Y Y Y Y Y Y Y N Y Y

Iowa Y Y N Y Y Y Y Y Y Y

Kansas N Y Y N Y Y Y N Y Y

Kentucky N Y Y Y Y Y Y N Y Y

Louisiana N Y Y Y Y Y Y N Y Y

Maine N Y Y N Y Y Y Y Y Y

Maryland N Y Y Y Y Y Y N N Y

Massachusetts N Y Y Y Y Y Y N N Y

Michigan Y Y Y Y Y Y Y N N Y

Minnesota N Y Y N Y Y Y N Y Y

Mississippi N Y Y N Y Y Y Y Y Y

Missouri N Y Y N Y Y Y N Y Y

Montana N Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y

Nebraska Y Y Y Y Y Y Y N Y Y

Nevada N Y Y Y Y Y Y N Y Y

New Hampshire N Y N N Y Y Y N Y Y

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 6a.--Services to public libraries by state library agencies, by type of service and state: Fiscal year 1998--Continued

Services to public libraries

Admini- Cooperative Library

stration of Admini- Collection Continuing purchasing of Interlibrary legislation

Accreditation LSTA stration of Certification of library Consulting education library loan referral preparation/

State of libraries grants 1

state aid of librarians statistics services programs materials services review

New Jersey Y Y Y N Y Y Y N Y Y

New Mexico N Y Y Y Y Y Y N Y Y

New York Y Y Y Y Y Y Y N Y Y

North Carolina Y Y Y Y Y Y Y N Y Y

North Dakota N Y Y N Y Y Y N Y N

Ohio N Y Y Y Y Y Y N Y Y

Oklahoma Y Y Y Y Y Y Y N Y Y

Oregon N Y Y N Y Y Y N N Y

Pennsylvania N Y Y N Y Y Y N Y Y

Rhode Island Y Y Y N Y Y Y N Y Y

South Carolina N Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y

South Dakota N Y N Y Y Y Y N Y Y

Tennessee N Y Y N Y Y Y N Y N

Texas Y Y N Y Y Y Y N Y Y

Utah Y Y Y N Y Y Y N Y Y

Vermont Y Y N Y Y Y Y Y Y N

Virginia N Y Y Y Y Y Y N Y Y

Washington N Y N Y Y Y Y Y Y Y

West Virginia N Y Y N Y Y Y Y Y Y

Wisconsin N Y N Y Y Y Y N Y Y

Wyoming N Y N N Y Y Y Y Y Y

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 6a.--Services to public libraries by state library agencies, by type of service and state: Fiscal year 1998--Continued

Services to public libraries

Statewide

Library OCLC Retrospective public relations/ Summer Universal

planning/ Literacy Group Access Preservation/ Reference conversion of State library reading Union list Service

evaluation/ program Capability conservation referral bibliographic standards/ promotion program develop- Program

State research support (GAC) 2

services services records guidelines campaigns support ment 3review

50 States and DC 51 47 33 18 43 25 43 37 41 39 49

Alabama Y Y N N Y N Y Y Y Y Y

Alaska Y Y Y N Y N Y Y Y Y Y

Arizona Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y

Arkansas Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y

California Y Y Y Y Y N N Y N Y Y

Colorado Y Y N N Y N Y Y Y N Y

Connecticut Y N N N Y Y Y N N Y Y

Delaware Y Y N N Y N Y Y Y Y Y

District of Columbia Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y

Florida Y Y Y N Y Y Y Y Y N Y

Georgia Y Y Y N Y Y Y N Y Y Y

Hawaii Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y

Idaho Y Y Y N Y N N Y Y N N

Illinois Y Y Y N Y N Y Y Y Y Y

Indiana Y Y N N Y N Y Y Y N Y

Iowa Y Y Y N N N Y Y Y Y Y

Kansas Y Y Y N Y N Y N Y Y Y

Kentucky Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y

Louisiana Y Y Y N Y N N Y Y Y Y

Maine Y Y Y N Y N Y Y Y Y Y

Maryland Y Y N N N N N Y N N Y

Massachusetts Y Y N Y Y N Y Y N N Y

Michigan Y Y Y N Y N Y N N Y Y

Minnesota Y N N N Y N Y N N Y Y

Mississippi Y Y Y N Y N N Y Y Y Y

Missouri Y Y Y N Y Y Y Y Y Y Y

Montana Y Y Y N Y Y Y Y N Y Y

Nebraska Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y

Nevada Y Y Y Y Y N Y Y Y N Y

New Hampshire Y Y N Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 6a.--Services to public libraries by state library agencies, by type of service and state: Fiscal year 1998--Continued

Services to public libraries

Statewide

Library OCLC Retrospective public relations/ Summer Universal

planning/ Literacy Group Access Preservation/ Reference conversion of State library reading Union list Service

evaluation/ program Capability conservation referral bibliographic standards/ promotion program develop- Program

State research support (GAC) 2

services services records guidelines campaigns support ment 3review

New Jersey Y Y N Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y

New Mexico Y Y Y N Y N Y N Y N Y

New York Y Y N Y Y N Y Y Y N Y

North Carolina Y N Y N Y Y Y Y Y Y Y

North Dakota Y Y Y N Y Y Y Y N Y Y

Ohio Y Y N Y Y Y Y Y Y N Y

Oklahoma Y Y Y Y N Y Y Y Y Y Y

Oregon Y Y N N N N N N N Y Y

Pennsylvania Y Y Y N Y Y Y Y Y Y Y

Rhode Island Y Y Y Y Y N Y Y Y Y Y

South Carolina Y Y Y Y N Y Y Y Y Y Y

South Dakota Y Y Y N Y N N N Y Y Y

Tennessee Y N N Y N Y Y N Y Y Y

Texas Y Y Y N N Y Y N Y Y Y

Utah Y Y N N N N Y N Y N Y

Vermont Y Y Y N Y Y Y Y Y Y Y

Virginia Y Y N Y Y Y Y N Y Y Y

Washington Y Y Y N Y N N N N N Y

West Virginia Y Y Y N Y Y Y Y Y Y Y

Wisconsin Y Y N N Y N Y N Y Y Y

Wyoming Y Y N N Y Y Y Y Y Y N

Y Yes.

N No.

1

 LSTA--the Library Services and Technology Act (P.L. 104-208). 

2

 OCLC Group Access Capability (GAC)--Use of the Online Computer Library Center (OCLC) system, originally the Ohio College Library Center, by a group of libraries for

 resource sharing and interlibrary lending (ILL). Group Access Capabiity (GAC) related activities may include coordinating group profiling, establishing group policies, 

 coordinating ILL protocols within the group, and referring requests outside of a GAC group.

3

 Union list development--A union list is a list of titles of works, usually periodicals, in physically separate library collections. Location data indicate libraries in which

 a given item may be found.

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, State Library Agencies Survey, Fiscal Year 1998.
Table 6b.--Services to academic libraries by state library agencies, by type of service and state: Fiscal year 1998

Services to academic libraries

Admini- Cooperative Library

stration of Admini- Collection Continuing purchasing of Interlibrary legislation

Accreditation LSTA stration of Certification of library Consulting education library loan referral preparation/

State of libraries grants 1

state aid of librarians statistics services programs materials services review

50 States and DC 0 40 3 1 24 32 37 10 40 21

Alabama N N N N N N N N Y N

Alaska N Y N N N Y Y N Y Y

Arizona N Y N N Y Y Y Y Y N

Arkansas N Y N N N N Y N Y N

California N Y N N Y Y Y N N N

Colorado N Y N N Y Y Y N Y N

Connecticut N Y N N Y N Y N N N

Delaware N Y N N N Y Y N Y Y

District of Columbia N Y N N N N N N Y N

Florida N Y N N Y N Y N Y N

Georgia N Y N N N Y Y N Y N

Hawaii N N N N N N N N Y N

Idaho N Y N N N Y Y N Y N

Illinois N Y Y N Y Y Y N Y Y

Indiana N Y N N Y Y Y N Y N

Iowa N Y N N N Y Y Y Y Y

Kansas N Y N N N Y Y N Y Y

Kentucky N Y N N N N Y N Y N

Louisiana N N N N N N N N Y N

Maine N N N N N Y Y N Y Y

Maryland N N N N N N N N N N

Massachusetts N Y N N Y N N N N Y

Michigan N Y N N Y N N N N N

Minnesota N N N N N Y Y N N N

Mississippi N Y N N N N Y Y Y Y

Missouri N Y N N Y Y Y N Y Y

Montana N Y Y N Y Y Y Y Y Y

Nebraska N Y N N Y Y Y N Y Y

Nevada N Y N N N Y Y N N Y

New Hampshire N Y N N Y Y Y N Y Y

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 6b.--Services to academic libraries by state library agencies, by type of service and state: Fiscal year 1998--Continued

Services to academic libraries

Admini- Cooperative Library

stration of Admini- Collection Continuing purchasing of Interlibrary legislation

Accreditation LSTA stration of Certification of library Consulting education library loan referral preparation/

State of libraries grants 1

state aid of librarians statistics services programs materials services review

New Jersey N Y N N Y Y Y N Y N

New Mexico N Y N N N Y N N Y Y

New York N N Y N Y Y Y N Y Y

North Carolina N Y N N N Y Y Y Y N

North Dakota N Y N N N Y Y N Y N

Ohio N Y N N Y Y Y N Y N

Oklahoma N Y N N N N N N Y N

Oregon N Y N N Y Y Y N N Y

Pennsylvania N Y N N N Y Y N Y Y

Rhode Island N Y N N N Y Y N Y Y

South Carolina N Y N N Y Y Y Y N N

South Dakota N Y N N Y Y Y N Y Y

Tennessee N N N N N N N N N N

Texas N N N N Y Y Y Y Y N

Utah N Y N N N N N N N N

Vermont N N N N N N N Y Y N

Virginia N Y N N N N Y N Y Y

Washington N Y N Y Y Y Y Y Y Y

West Virginia N N N N Y N N N Y N

Wisconsin N Y N N Y N N N Y N

Wyoming N Y N N Y Y Y Y Y N

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 6b.--Services to academic libraries by state library agencies, by type of service and state: Fiscal year 1998--Continued

Services to academic libraries

Statewide

Library OCLC Retrospective public relations/ Summer Universal

planning/ Literacy Group Access Preservation/ Reference conversion of State library reading Union list Service

evaluation/ program Capability conservation referral bibliographic standards/ promotion program develop- Program

State research support (GAC) 2

services services records guidelines campaigns support ment 3review

50 States and DC 23 7 25 13 36 11 3 19 0 32 7

Alabama N N N N Y N N N N Y N

Alaska Y N Y N Y N N N N Y N

Arizona Y N Y Y Y Y N Y N Y Y

Arkansas N N Y Y Y N N N N Y N

California Y N N N Y N N N N N N

Colorado Y N N N Y N N Y N N Y

Connecticut N N N N Y Y N N N Y N

Delaware N N N N Y N N N N Y N

District of Columbia N N N N N N N N N N N

Florida N N Y N Y N N Y N N N

Georgia N N Y N N Y N N N Y N

Hawaii N N N N Y N N N N N N

Idaho Y Y Y N Y N N Y N N N

Illinois Y Y Y N Y N N Y N Y Y

Indiana Y N N N Y N N Y N N N

Iowa Y N Y N N N N Y N Y N

Kansas N Y Y N Y N N N N Y Y

Kentucky N N Y Y N Y N N N Y N

Louisiana N N N N Y N N N N N N

Maine Y N Y N Y N N Y N Y Y

Maryland N N N N N N N N N N N

Massachusetts N N N Y N N N N N N N

Michigan N N Y N Y N N N N Y N

Minnesota Y N N N N N N N N N N

Mississippi N N Y N Y N N Y N Y N

Missouri Y N Y N Y N Y Y N Y N

Montana N N Y N Y N N Y N Y N

Nebraska Y N Y Y Y Y N Y N Y N

Nevada N N N Y N N N N N N N

New Hampshire N N N Y Y Y N Y N Y N

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 6b.--Services to academic libraries by state library agencies, by type of service and state: Fiscal year 1998--Continued

Services to academic libraries

Statewide

Library OCLC Retrospective public relations/ Summer Universal

planning/ Literacy Group Access Preservation/ Reference conversion of State library reading Union list Service

evaluation/ program Capability conservation referral bibliographic standards/ promotion program develop- Program

State research support (GAC) 2

services services records guidelines campaigns support ment 3review

New Jersey Y Y N Y Y Y N Y N Y N

New Mexico N Y Y N Y N N N N N N

New York Y N N Y Y N Y Y N N Y

North Carolina Y N Y N Y Y N Y N Y N

North Dakota Y N Y N Y N N N N Y Y

Ohio N Y N Y Y N N N N N N

Oklahoma N N N Y N N N N N Y N

Oregon Y N N N N N N N N Y N

Pennsylvania Y N Y N Y N N N N Y N

Rhode Island Y N Y Y Y N Y Y N Y N

South Carolina N N Y Y N N N Y N N N

South Dakota Y N Y N Y N N N N Y N

Tennessee N N N N N N N N N N N

Texas Y N Y N N N N N N Y N

Utah N N N N N N N N N N N

Vermont N N N N Y N N N N Y N

Virginia N N N N Y Y N N N Y N

Washington Y N N N N N N N N N N

West Virginia N N Y N Y Y N N N Y N

Wisconsin N N N N Y N N N N Y N

Wyoming Y Y N N Y Y N Y N Y N

Y Yes.

N No.

1

 LSTA--the Library Services and Technology Act (P.L. 104-208). 

2

 OCLC Group Access Capability (GAC)--Use of the Online Computer Library Center (OCLC) system, originally the Ohio College Library Center, by a group of libraries for

 resource sharing and interlibrary lending (ILL). Group Access Capabiity (GAC) related activities may include coordinating group profiling, establishing group policies, 

 coordinating ILL protocols within the group, and referring requests outside of a GAC group.

3

 Union list development--A union list is a list of titles of works, usually periodicals, in physically separate library collections. Location data indicate libraries in which

 a given item may be found.

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, State Library Agencies Survey, Fiscal Year 1998.
Table 6c.--Services to school library media centers by state library agencies, by type of service and state: Fiscal year 1998

Services to school library media centers

Admini- Cooperative Library

stration of Admini- Collection Continuing purchasing of Interlibrary legislation

Accreditation LSTA stration of Certification of library Consulting education library loan referral preparation/

State of libraries grants 1

state aid of librarians statistics services programs materials services review

50 States and DC 0 34 3 0 7 30 35 7 38 19

Alabama N N N N N N N N Y N

Alaska N Y N N Y Y Y N Y Y

Arizona N N N N N Y Y Y Y N

Arkansas N Y N N N N Y N Y N

California N Y N N N N N N N N

Colorado N Y N N Y Y Y N Y N

Connecticut N Y N N N N Y N N N

Delaware N Y N N N Y Y N Y Y

District of Columbia N Y N N N N N N Y N

Florida N Y N N N N Y N Y N

Georgia N Y N N N Y Y N Y N

Hawaii N N N N N N N N Y N

Idaho N Y N N N Y Y N Y N

Illinois N Y Y N Y Y Y N Y Y

Indiana N Y N N N Y Y N Y N

Iowa N Y N N N Y Y Y Y Y

Kansas N Y N N N Y Y N Y N

Kentucky N Y N N N N Y N Y N

Louisiana N N N N N N N N N N

Maine N N N N N Y Y N Y Y

Maryland N N N N N N N N N N

Massachusetts N Y N N N N N N N Y

Michigan N Y N N N N N N N N

Minnesota N N N N N Y Y N N Y

Mississippi N N N N N N Y Y Y Y

Missouri N Y N N N Y Y N Y Y

Montana N Y Y N N Y Y N Y N

Nebraska N Y N N N Y Y N Y Y

Nevada N Y N N N N Y N N N

New Hampshire N Y N N N Y Y N Y Y

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 6c.--Services to school library media centers by state library agencies, by type of service and state: Fiscal year 1998--Continued

Services to school library media centers

Admini- Cooperative Library

stration of Admini- Collection Continuing purchasing Interlibrary legislation

Accreditation LSTA stration of Certification of library Consulting education of library loan referral preparation/

State of libraries grants 1

state aid of librarians statistics services programs materials services review

New Jersey N Y N N Y Y Y N Y N

New Mexico N N N N N Y Y N Y Y

New York N N Y N N Y Y N Y Y

North Carolina N Y N N N N N Y Y N

North Dakota N Y N N N Y Y N Y N

Ohio N N N N N Y N N Y N

Oklahoma N N N N N N N N Y N

Oregon N Y N N N Y Y N N Y

Pennsylvania N Y N N Y Y Y N Y Y

Rhode Island N Y N N N Y Y N Y Y

South Carolina N Y N N N Y N N N N

South Dakota N Y N N Y Y Y N Y Y

Tennessee N N N N N N N N N N

Texas N N N N N Y Y N N N

Utah N Y N N N N N N Y N

Vermont N N N N N N N Y Y N

Virginia N Y N N N N Y N Y N

Washington N Y N N N Y Y Y N Y

West Virginia N N N N N N N N Y N

Wisconsin N Y N N Y Y Y N Y Y

Wyoming N N N N N Y Y Y Y N

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 6c.--Services to school library media centers by state library agencies, by type of service and state: Fiscal year 1998--Continued

Services to school library media centers

Statewide

Library OCLC Retrospective public relations/ Summer Universal

planning/ Literacy Group Access Preservation/ Reference conversion of State library reading Union list Service

evaluation/ program Capability conservation referral bibliographic standards/ promotion program develop- Program

State research support (GAC) 2

services services records guidelines campaigns support ment 3review

50 States and DC 23 14 21 11 33 12 11 20 15 26 9

Alabama N N N N Y N N N N Y N

Alaska Y Y Y N Y N Y Y N Y Y

Arizona Y N Y Y Y Y N Y N Y Y

Arkansas N N Y Y Y N N N N N N

California N N N N Y N N N N N N

Colorado Y N N N Y N Y Y Y N Y

Connecticut N N N N Y Y N N N Y N

Delaware N N N N Y N N N N Y N

District of Columbia N Y N N N N N N Y N N

Florida N N Y N Y N N Y N N N

Georgia N N Y N N N N N N Y N

Hawaii N Y N N Y N N N Y N N

Idaho Y Y Y N Y N N Y N N N

Illinois Y Y Y N Y N Y Y Y Y Y

Indiana Y N N N Y N N Y N N N

Iowa Y N Y N N N N Y Y Y N

Kansas N Y Y N Y N N N N Y Y

Kentucky N N Y Y N Y N N N Y N

Louisiana N N N N N N N N N N N

Maine Y Y Y N Y N Y Y N Y Y

Maryland N N N N N N N N N N N

Massachusetts N N N N N N N N N N N

Michigan N N Y N Y N N N N Y N

Minnesota Y N N N N N N N N N N

Mississippi N N N N Y N N Y N N N

Missouri Y N N N Y N Y Y Y Y N

Montana N N N N Y N N Y N Y N

Nebraska Y N Y Y Y Y N Y Y Y N

Nevada N N N Y N N N N N N N

New Hampshire N N N Y Y Y N Y N Y N

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 6c.--Services to school library media centers by state library agencies, by type of service and state: Fiscal year 1998--Continued

Services to school library media centers

Statewide

Library OCLC Retrospective public relations/ Summer Universal

planning/ Literacy Group Access Preservation/ Reference conversion of State library reading Union list Service

evaluation/ program Capability conservation referral bibliographic standards/ promotion program develop- Program

State research support (GAC) 2

services services records guidelines campaigns support ment 3review

New Jersey Y Y N Y Y Y Y Y Y Y N

New Mexico N Y Y N Y N N N Y N N

New York Y N N Y Y N Y Y Y N N

North Carolina Y N Y N N N N Y N N N

North Dakota Y N Y N Y Y N N N Y Y

Ohio N Y N N Y N N N Y N N

Oklahoma N N N Y N Y N N N N N

Oregon Y N N N N N N N N Y Y

Pennsylvania Y Y Y N Y Y Y Y N Y N

Rhode Island Y Y Y Y Y N Y Y N Y N

South Carolina N N N Y N N N Y Y N N

South Dakota Y N Y N Y N N N Y Y N

Tennessee N N N N N N N N N N N

Texas Y N Y N N N Y N Y N N

Utah N N N N N N N N N N N

Vermont N N N N Y N N N N Y N

Virginia N N N N N Y N N N Y N

Washington Y N N N N N N N N N N

West Virginia N N Y N Y Y N N N N N

Wisconsin Y Y N N Y N Y N N Y Y

Wyoming Y Y N N Y Y N N Y Y N

Y Yes.

N No.

1

 LSTA--the Library Services and Technology Act (P.L. 104-208). 

2

 OCLC Group Access Capability (GAC)--Use of the Online Computer Library Center (OCLC) system, originally the Ohio College Library Center, by a group of libraries for

 resource sharing and interlibrary lending (ILL). Group Access Capabiity (GAC) related activities may include coordinating group profiling, establishing group policies, 

 coordinating ILL protocols within the group, and referring requests outside of a GAC group.

3

 Union list development--A union list is a list of titles of works, usually periodicals, in physically separate library collections. Location data indicate libraries in which

 a given item may be found.

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, State Library Agencies Survey, Fiscal Year 1998.
Table 6d.--Services to special libraries by state library agencies, by type of service and state: Fiscal year 1998

Services to special libraries 

Admini- Cooperative Library

stration of Admini- Collection Continuing purchasing of Interlibrary legislation

Accreditation LSTA stration of Certification of library Consulting education library loan referral preparation/

State of libraries grants 1

state aid of librarians statistics services programs materials services review

50 States and DC 1 39 5 2 18 36 39 7 39 20

Alabama N N N N N N N N N N

Alaska N Y N N N Y Y N Y Y

Arizona N Y N N Y Y Y Y Y N

Arkansas N Y N N N N Y N Y N

California N Y N N Y Y Y N N N

Colorado N Y N N Y Y Y N Y N

Connecticut N Y N N Y Y Y N N N

Delaware N Y N N N Y Y N Y N

District of Columbia N Y N N N N N N Y N

Florida N Y N N N N Y N Y N

Georgia N Y N N N Y Y N Y N

Hawaii N N N N N N N N Y N

Idaho N Y N N N Y Y N Y Y

Illinois N Y Y N Y Y Y N Y Y

Indiana N Y N Y Y Y Y N Y N

Iowa N Y N N N Y Y Y Y Y

Kansas N Y N N Y Y Y N Y Y

Kentucky N Y N N N N Y N Y N

Louisiana N N N N Y Y Y N Y N

Maine N N N N N Y Y N Y N

Maryland N N N N N N N N N N

Massachusetts N Y N N N N N N N Y

Michigan N Y N N N N N N N N

Minnesota N N N N N Y Y N N N

Mississippi N N N N N N Y Y Y Y

Missouri N Y N N Y Y Y N Y Y

Montana N Y Y N N Y Y Y Y Y

Nebraska Y Y N N Y Y Y N Y Y

Nevada N Y N N N Y Y N N N

New Hampshire N Y N N N Y Y N Y Y

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 6d.--Services to special libraries by state library agencies, by type of service and state: Fiscal year 1998--Continued

Services to special libraries 

Admini- Cooperative Library

stration of Admini- Collection Continuing purchasing Interlibrary legislation

Accreditation LSTA stration of Certification of library Consulting education of library loan referral preparation/

State of libraries grants 1

state aid of librarians statistics services programs materials services review

New Jersey N Y N N Y Y Y N Y Y

New Mexico N Y Y N N Y N N Y Y

New York N N Y N Y Y Y N Y Y

North Carolina N Y N N N Y Y N Y N

North Dakota N Y N N N Y Y N Y N

Ohio N Y N N Y Y Y N Y N

Oklahoma N Y N N Y Y Y N Y N

Oregon N Y N N Y Y Y N N Y

Pennsylvania N Y N N N Y Y N Y Y

Rhode Island N Y Y N Y Y Y N Y Y

South Carolina N Y N N N N N N N N

South Dakota N Y N N N Y Y N Y Y

Tennessee N N N N N N N N N N

Texas N N N N N Y Y N Y N

Utah N Y N N N Y Y N Y N

Vermont N N N N N N N Y Y N

Virginia N Y N N N Y Y N Y N

Washington N Y N Y N Y Y Y N Y

West Virginia N N N N Y N N N Y N

Wisconsin N Y N N Y N N N Y N

Wyoming N Y N N N Y Y Y Y Y

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 6d.--Services to special libraries by state library agencies, by type of service and state: Fiscal year 1998--Continued

Services to special libraries 

Statewide

Library OCLC Retrospective public relations/ Summer Universal

planning/ Literacy Group Access Preservation/ Reference conversion of State library reading Union list Service

evaluation/ program Capability conservation referral bibliographic standards/ promotion program develop- Program

State research support (GAC) 2

services services records guidelines campaigns support ment 3review

50 States and DC 25 14 23 13 37 11 9 16 5 34 10

Alabama N N N N Y N N N N Y N

Alaska Y N Y N Y N N N N Y Y

Arizona Y N Y Y Y Y Y Y N Y Y

Arkansas N N Y Y Y Y N N N N N

California Y Y N N Y N N N N Y N

Colorado Y N N N Y N N Y N N Y

Connecticut N N N N Y N N N N Y N

Delaware N N N N Y N N N N Y N

District of Columbia N N N N N N N N N N N

Florida N N Y N Y N N Y N N N

Georgia N N Y N N N N N N Y N

Hawaii N Y N N Y N N N N N N

Idaho Y Y Y N Y N N Y N Y N

Illinois Y N Y N Y N N Y N Y Y

Indiana Y Y N N Y N N Y N N N

Iowa Y N Y N N N N Y N Y N

Kansas Y Y Y N Y N Y N N Y Y

Kentucky N N Y Y Y Y N N N Y N

Louisiana Y Y Y N Y N N N Y N N

Maine Y Y Y N Y N N Y N Y Y

Maryland N N N N N N N N N N N

Massachusetts N N N N N N N N N N Y

Michigan N N Y N Y N N N N Y N

Minnesota Y N N N Y N N N N N N

Mississippi N N N N Y N N Y Y Y N

Missouri N Y Y N Y N Y Y N Y N

Montana N N N N Y Y N Y N Y N

Nebraska Y N Y Y Y Y Y Y N Y N

Nevada N N N Y N N N N N N N

New Hampshire N N N Y Y Y N Y N Y N

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 6d.--Services to special libraries by state library agencies, by type of service and state: Fiscal year 1998--Continued

Services to special libraries 

Statewide

Library OCLC Retrospective public relations/ Summer Universal

planning/ Literacy Group Access Preservation/ Reference conversion of State library reading Union list Service

evaluation/ program Capability conservation referral bibliographic standards/ promotion program develop- Program

State research support (GAC) 2

services services records guidelines campaigns support ment 3review

New Jersey Y Y N Y Y N N Y N Y N

New Mexico N Y Y N Y N N N Y N N

New York Y N N Y Y N Y Y N N Y

North Carolina Y N Y N Y N N N N Y N

North Dakota Y N Y N Y Y N N Y Y Y

Ohio Y N N Y Y Y N N N Y N

Oklahoma N Y N Y N N Y N N Y N

Oregon Y N N N N N N N N Y N

Pennsylvania Y Y Y N Y Y Y N N Y N

Rhode Island Y Y Y Y Y N Y Y Y Y Y

South Carolina N N N Y N N N N N N N

South Dakota Y N Y N Y N N N N Y N

Tennessee N N N Y N N N N N N N

Texas N N Y N N N N N N Y N

Utah Y N N N N N Y N N N N

Vermont N N N N Y N N N N Y N

Virginia N N N N N Y N N N Y N

Washington Y N N N N N N N N N N

West Virginia N N Y N Y Y N N N Y N

Wisconsin N N N N Y N N N N Y N

Wyoming Y Y N N Y N N N N Y N

Y Yes.

N No.

1

 LSTA--the Library Services and Technology Act (P.L. 104-208). 

2

 OCLC Group Access Capability (GAC)--Use of the Online Computer Library Center (OCLC) system, originally the Ohio College Library Center, by a group of libraries for

 resource sharing and interlibrary lending (ILL). Group Access Capabiity (GAC) related activities may include coordinating group profiling, establishing group policies, 

 coordinating ILL protocols within the group, and referring requests outside of a GAC group.

3

 Union list development--A union list is a list of titles of works, usually periodicals, in physically separate library collections. Location data indicate libraries in which

 a given item may be found.

NOTE: Special Library--A library in a business firm, professional association, government agency, or other organized group; a library that is maintained by a parent organization to serve

 a specialized clientele; or an independent library that may provide materials or services, or both, to the public, a segment of the public, or to other libraries. Scope of collections

 and services are limited to the subject interests of the host or parent institution. Includes libraries in state institutions.

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, State Library Agencies Survey, Fiscal Year 1998.
Table 6e.--Services to systems by state library agencies, by type of service and state: Fiscal year 1998

Services to systems 

Admini- Cooperative Library

stration of Admini- Collection Continuing purchasing of Interlibrary legislation

Accreditation LSTA stration of Certification of library Consulting education library loan referral preparation/

State of libraries grants 1

state aid of librarians statistics services programs materials services review

50 States and DC 6 36 29 5 28 34 36 8 31 34

Alabama N Y Y N Y Y Y N Y N

Alaska N Y N N N Y Y N Y Y

Arizona N Y Y N Y Y Y Y Y N

Arkansas N N N N N N N N N N

California N Y Y N Y Y Y N N Y

Colorado N Y Y N Y Y Y N Y Y

Connecticut N Y Y N N N Y N N Y

Delaware N Y Y N Y Y Y N Y Y

District of Columbia N N N N N N N N Y N

Florida N Y Y N Y Y Y N Y Y

Georgia N Y N N N Y Y N Y N

Hawaii N N N N N N N N Y N

Idaho N Y Y N N Y Y N Y Y

Illinois N Y Y N Y Y Y N Y Y

Indiana N Y Y Y Y Y Y N Y Y

Iowa N Y N N N Y Y Y Y Y

Kansas N Y Y N Y Y Y N Y Y

Kentucky N Y N N N N N N N N

Louisiana N N N N N N N N N N

Maine N N Y N Y Y Y N Y Y

Maryland N Y Y N Y Y Y N N Y

Massachusetts N Y Y N Y Y Y N N Y

Michigan Y Y Y Y Y Y Y N N Y

Minnesota N Y Y N Y Y Y N N Y

Mississippi N Y Y N Y Y Y Y Y Y

Missouri N N N N N N N N N Y

Montana N N Y N Y Y Y N Y Y

Nebraska N Y N N Y Y Y Y Y Y

Nevada N N N N N N N N N N

New Hampshire N Y N N N Y Y N Y Y

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 6e.--Services to systems by state library agencies, by type of service and state: Fiscal year 1998--Continued

Services to systems 

Admini- Cooperative Library

stration of Admini- Collection Continuing purchasing Interlibrary legislation

Accreditation LSTA stration of Certification of library Consulting education of library loan referral preparation/

State of libraries grants 1

state aid of librarians statistics services programs materials services review

New Jersey Y Y Y N Y Y Y N Y Y

New Mexico N Y Y N Y Y Y N Y Y

New York Y Y Y Y Y Y Y N Y Y

North Carolina N N N N N N N N N N

North Dakota N N N N N N N N N N

Ohio Y Y Y N Y Y Y Y Y Y

Oklahoma Y Y Y Y Y Y Y N Y Y

Oregon N Y Y N Y Y Y N N Y

Pennsylvania N Y Y N Y Y Y N Y Y

Rhode Island N Y N N N Y Y N Y Y

South Carolina N N N N N N N N N N

South Dakota N N N N N N N N N N

Tennessee N Y Y N Y Y Y N N N

Texas N Y Y N Y Y Y N Y Y

Utah N N N N N N N N N N

Vermont Y Y N N N N N Y Y N

Virginia N N N N N N N N N N

Washington N Y N N N N N N N Y

West Virginia N Y Y N Y Y Y Y Y Y

Wisconsin N Y Y Y Y Y Y N Y Y

Wyoming N N N N N N Y Y Y Y

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 6e.--Services to systems by state library agencies, by type of service and state: Fiscal year 1998--Continued

Services to systems 

Statewide

Library OCLC Retrospective public relations/ Summer Universal

planning/ Literacy Group Access Preservation/ Reference conversion of State library reading Union list Service

evaluation/ program Capability conservation referral bibliographic standards/ promotion program develop- Program

State research support (GAC) 2

services services records guidelines campaigns support ment 3review

50 States and DC 34 25 20 10 30 10 25 24 20 28 25

Alabama Y Y N N Y N Y N Y Y N

Alaska Y Y Y N Y N Y Y N Y Y

Arizona Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y

Arkansas N N N N Y N N N N N N

California Y Y Y N Y N N N N Y N

Colorado Y N N N Y N N Y N N Y

Connecticut N N N N Y N N N N Y Y

Delaware Y Y N N Y N Y Y Y Y Y

District of Columbia N N N N N N N N N N N

Florida Y Y Y N Y Y Y Y Y Y Y

Georgia N N Y N N N N N N Y N

Hawaii N N N N N N N N N N N

Idaho Y Y Y N Y N N Y Y N N

Illinois Y Y Y N Y N Y Y Y Y Y

Indiana Y Y N N Y N Y Y N N N

Iowa Y N Y N N N N Y Y Y N

Kansas Y Y Y N Y N Y N Y Y Y

Kentucky Y N N Y N N N N N N N

Louisiana N N N N N N N N N N N

Maine Y Y Y N Y N Y Y N Y Y

Maryland Y N N N N N N Y N N Y

Massachusetts Y Y N Y Y N Y Y N N Y

Michigan Y N Y N Y N Y N N Y Y

Minnesota Y N N N Y N Y N N Y Y

Mississippi Y Y Y N Y N N Y Y Y Y

Missouri Y N N N N Y Y Y N N N

Montana N N N N Y N N Y N Y Y

Nebraska Y N Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y

Nevada N N N N N N N N N N N

New Hampshire N N N N Y Y N Y N Y N

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 6e.--Services to systems by state library agencies, by type of service and state: Fiscal year 1998--Continued

Services to systems 

Statewide

Library OCLC Retrospective public relations/ Summer Universal

planning/ Literacy Group Access Preservation/ Reference conversion of State library reading Union list Service

evaluation/ program Capability conservation referral bibliographic standards/ promotion program develop- Program

State research support (GAC) 2

services services records guidelines campaigns support ment 3review

New Jersey Y Y Y Y Y N Y Y N Y N

New Mexico N Y Y N Y N Y N Y N Y

New York Y Y N Y Y N Y Y Y N Y

North Carolina N N N N N N N N N N N

North Dakota N N N N N N N N N N N

Ohio Y Y N Y Y N Y Y Y Y Y

Oklahoma Y Y Y Y N Y Y Y Y Y Y

Oregon Y Y N N N N N N N Y Y

Pennsylvania Y Y Y N Y Y Y Y Y Y Y

Rhode Island Y Y Y Y Y N Y Y Y Y N

South Carolina N N N N N N N N N N N

South Dakota N N N N N N N N N N N

Tennessee Y N N Y N Y N N N N N

Texas Y Y Y N N Y Y N Y Y Y

Utah N N N N N N N N N N N

Vermont Y N N N Y N Y N Y Y Y

Virginia N N N N N N N N N N N

Washington N N N N N N N N N N N

West Virginia Y Y Y N Y Y Y Y Y Y N

Wisconsin Y Y N N Y N Y N Y Y Y

Wyoming Y Y N N N N N N N N N

Y Yes.

N No.

1

 LSTA--the Library Services and Technology Act (P.L. 104-208). 

2

 OCLC Group Access Capability (GAC)--Use of the Online Computer Library Center (OCLC) system, originally the Ohio College Library Center, by a group of libraries for

 resource sharing and interlibrary lending (ILL). Group Access Capabiity (GAC) related activities may include coordinating group profiling, establishing group policies, 

 coordinating ILL protocols within the group, and referring requests outside of a GAC group.

3

 Union list development--A union list is a list of titles of works, usually periodicals, in physically separate library collections. Location data indicate libraries in which

 a given item may be found.

NOTE: System--A system is a group of autonomous libraries joined together by formal or informal agreements to perform various services cooperatively such as resource sharing,

 communications, etc. Includes multitype library systems and public library systems. Excludes multiple outlets under the same administration.

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, State Library Agencies Survey, Fiscal Year 1998.
Table 7.--Service outlets of state library agencies, by type of outlet, by user group and type of outlet, and state: Fiscal year 1998

User group

Total outlets General public State government employees

Other Other Other

outlets outlets outlets

Main or (excluding Main or (excluding Main or (excluding

central book- Book- central book- Book- central book- BookState Total outlet mobiles) mobiles Total outlet mobiles) mobiles Total outlet mobiles) mobiles

50 States and DC 152 72 71 9 86 51 26 9 103 54 45 4

Alabama 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0

Alaska 2 1 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0

Arizona 8 8 0 0 5 5 0 0 7 7 0 0

Arkansas 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0

California 5 2 3 0 4 2 2 0 5 2 3 0

Colorado 3 0 3 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0

Connecticut 1 4 1 3 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0

Delaware 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0

District of Columbia 2

1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Florida 2 1 1 0 2 1 1 0 2 1 1 0

Georgia 2 1 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0

Hawaii 2 1 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0

Idaho 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0

Illinois 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0

Indiana 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0

Iowa 4 1 3 0 4 1 3 0 4 1 3 0

Kansas 3 1 2 0 3 1 2 0 1 1 0 0

Kentucky 24 17 7 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0

Louisiana 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0

Maine 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0

Maryland 3 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Massachusetts 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0

Michigan 2 1 1 0 2 1 1 0 2 1 1 0

Minnesota 3 0 3 0 2 0 2 0 2 0 2 0

Mississippi 2 1 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0

 

Missouri 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0

Montana 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0

Nebraska 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0

Nevada 2 1 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0

New Hampshire 3 1 2 0 2 1 1 0 1 1 0 0

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 7.--Service outlets of state library agencies, by type of outlet, by user group and type of outlet, and state: Fiscal year 1998--Continued

User group

Total outlets General public State government employees

Other Other Other

outlets outlets outlets

Main or (excluding Main or (excluding Main or (excluding

central book- Book- central book- Book- central book- BookState Total outlet mobiles) mobiles Total outlet mobiles) mobiles Total outlet mobiles) mobiles

New Jersey 5 1 4 0 1 1 0 0 4 1 3 0

New Mexico 6 1 1 4 6 1 1 4 6 1 1 4

New York 3 1 2 0 1 1 0 0 3 1 2 0

North Carolina 2 1 1 0 2 1 1 0 2 1 1 0

North Dakota 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0

Ohio 8 1 2 5 8 1 2 5 3 1 2 0

Oklahoma 3 1 2 0 3 1 2 0 3 1 2 0

Oregon 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0

Pennsylvania 2 1 1 0 2 1 1 0 2 1 1 0

Rhode Island 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0

South Carolina 2 1 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0

South Dakota 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0

Tennessee 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0

Texas 2 1 1 0 2 1 1 0 1 1 0 0

Utah 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0

Vermont 5 1 4 0 5 1 4 0 5 1 4 0

Virginia 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0

Washington 18 1 17 0 1 1 0 0 18 1 17 0

West Virginia 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0

Wisconsin 2 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 2 1 1 0

Wyoming 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 7.--Service outlets of state library agencies, by type of outlet, by user group and type of outlet, and state: Fiscal year 1998--Continued

User group

Blind and physically Residents of state Residents of other

handicapped individuals correctional institutions state institutions

Other Other Other

outlets outlets outlets

Main or (excluding Main or (excluding Main or (excluding

central book- Book- central book- Book- central book- BookState Total outlet mobiles) mobiles Total outlet mobiles) mobiles Total outlet mobiles) mobiles

50 States and DC 59 34 21 4 45 22 23 0 33 22 11 0

Alabama 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Alaska 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Arizona 1 1 0 0 3 3 0 0 3 3 0 0

Arkansas 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

California 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Colorado 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Connecticut 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Delaware 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0

District of Columbia 2

1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0

Florida 2 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Georgia 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Hawaii 2 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Idaho 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Illinois 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Indiana 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0

Iowa 4 1 3 0 4 1 3 0 4 1 3 0

Kansas 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Kentucky 3 1 2 0 11 6 5 0 8 8 0 0

Louisiana 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Maine 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0

Maryland 3 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Massachusetts 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Michigan 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Minnesota 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Mississippi 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Missouri 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Montana 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0

Nebraska 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Nevada 2 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

New Hampshire 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 7.--Service outlets of state library agencies, by type of outlet, by user group and type of outlet, and state: Fiscal year 1998--Continued

User group

Blind and physically Residents of state Residents of other

handicapped individuals correctional institutions state institutions

Other Other Other

outlets outlets outlets

Main or (excluding Main or (excluding Main or (excluding

central book- Book- central book- Book- central book- BookState Total outlet mobiles) mobiles Total outlet mobiles) mobiles Total outlet mobiles) mobiles

New Jersey 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

New Mexico 6 1 1 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

New York 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0

North Carolina 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

North Dakota 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Ohio 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0

Oklahoma 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Oregon 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Pennsylvania 1 1 0 0 2 1 1 0 1 1 0 0

Rhode Island 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

South Carolina 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

South Dakota 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Tennessee 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Texas 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Utah 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Vermont 1 1 0 0 5 1 4 0 5 1 4 0

Virginia 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0

Washington 0 0 0 0 9 0 9 0 3 0 3 0

West Virginia 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Wisconsin 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0

Wyoming 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0

1

 In Connecticut, 2 of the 3 outlets listed under "Total outlets" in the category "Other outlets (excluding bookmobiles)" serve other libraries, not individuals.

2

 The District of Columbia Public Library (DCPL) is designated as a state library agency for eligibility for federal funds under the Library Services and 

 Construction Act. In this capacity, its Division of Special Services has an outlet that includes the Library for the Blind and Physically Handicapped and that also 

 serves residents of state institutions through permanent rotating collections.

3

 The state library agency in Maryland is an office in the Maryland Department of Education (the Division of Library Development and Services). Except for its Library for 

 the Blind and Physically Handicapped outlet, it does not operate a library for the public or for state government personnel. 

Notes: 1. Service outlets include:

 (a) Main or central outlet--A single unit library or the unit where the principal collections are located and handled. Note: Does not include a state library 

 agency administrative center which is separate from the principal collections and is not open to users.

 (b) Other outlets (excluding bookmobiles)--Units that have all of the following: (1) separate quarters; (2) a permanent basic collection of books and/or 

 other materials; (3) a permanent paid staff; and (4) a regular schedule of hours open to users.

 (c) Bookmobiles--Trucks or vans specially equipped to carry books and other library materials. They serve as travelling branch libraries. 

 Note: The number of vehicles in use are counted, rather than the number of stops each vehicle makes.

 2. User group outlets may not sum to total outlets because an outlet may serve more than one user group.

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, State Library Agencies Survey, Fiscal Year 1998.
Table 8.--Average number of public service hours per outlet of state library agency outlets open to 

 the general public and/or state government employees, and public service basis of outlets open

 to the general public, by state: Fiscal year 1998

Average number of public service hours per outlet Public service basis of outlets

open to the general public and/or state government open to the general public

Monday

Per to Friday Saturday and

State week after 5:00 p.m. Sunday Walk-in Referral

50 States and DC 26 1 1 48 41

Alabama 45 0 0 Y Y

Alaska 20 0 0 Y Y

Arizona 45 0 1 Y Y

Arkansas 45 0 0 Y Y

California 28 0 0 Y N

Colorado 16 0 0 Y Y

Connecticut 10 0 0 Y N

Delaware 47 4 0 Y N

District of Columbia 1

0 0 0 N N

Florida 26 0 3 Y Y

Georgia 20 0 0 Y Y

Hawaii 27 3 4 Y Y

Idaho 40 0 0 Y Y

Illinois 42 0 0 Y Y

Indiana 43 6 8 Y Y

Iowa 20 0 0 Y N

Kansas 40 0 0 Y N

Kentucky 2 0 0 Y N

Louisiana 43 0 0 Y Y

Maine 45 0 5 Y Y

Maryland 2 0 0 0 N N

Massachusetts 45 0 0 N Y

Michigan 51 3 6 Y Y

Minnesota 27 0 0 Y Y

Mississippi 24 0 0 Y Y

Missouri 48 0 0 Y N

Montana 45 0 0 Y Y

Nebraska 40 0 0 Y Y

Nevada 23 0 0 Y Y

New Hampshire 14 0 0 Y Y

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 8.--Average number of public service hours per outlet of state library agency outlets open to 

 the general public and/or state government employees, and public service basis of outlets open 

 to the general public, by state: Fiscal year 1998--Continued

Average number of public service hours per outlet Public service basis of outlets

open to the general public and/or state government open to the general public

Monday

Per to Friday Saturday and

State week after 5:00 p.m. Sunday Walk-in Referral

New Jersey 9 0 1 Y Y

New Mexico 42 0 0 Y Y

New York 20 0 0 Y Y

North Carolina 28 3 4 Y Y

North Dakota 45 0 0 Y Y

Ohio 27 1 1 Y Y

Oklahoma 15 0 0 Y Y

Oregon 35 0 0 Y N

Pennsylvania 23 2 4 Y Y

Rhode Island 40 0 0 Y Y

South Carolina 26 2 2 Y Y

South Dakota 45 0 0 Y Y

Tennessee 60 5 10 Y Y

Texas 27 0 4 Y Y

Utah 40 0 0 Y Y

Vermont 48 0 0 Y Y

Virginia 48 0 8 Y Y

Washington 37 4 0 Y Y

West Virginia 37 0 0 Y Y

Wisconsin 20 0 0 Y Y

Wyoming 40 0 0 Y Y

Y Yes.

N No.

1

 The District of Columbia Public Library (DCPL) is designated as a state library agency for eligibility for federal funds under the 

 Library Services and Construction Act. In this capacity, Its Division of Special Services has an outlet that includes the Library

 for the Blind and Physically Handicapped and that also serves residents of state institutions through permanent rotating collections.

 The service hours for this outlet are not requested in the State Library Agencies Survey, the basis for this report.

2

 The state library agency in Maryland is an office in the Maryland Department of Education (the Division of Library Development 

 and Services). Except for its Library for the Blind and Physically Handicapped (LBPH) outlet, it does not operate a library for the 

 public or for state government personnel. The LBPH service hours are not requested in the State Library Agencies Survey, the basis

 for this report.

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, State Library Agencies Survey, Fiscal Year 1998.
Table 9.--Library materials in state library agencies, by type of material; designation of state library agencies as state or federal depository libraries;

 type of federal depository library; and maintenance of general collection, by state: Fiscal year 1998

"Uncatalogued"

Books and Audio Video Serial government Depository library 2Federal depository library General 

State serial volumes materials materials subscriptions documents 1

State Federal Regional Selective collection

50 States and DC 22,047,599 558,796 130,547 82,011 27,510,897 46 45 14 31 43

Alabama 172,318 256,500 4,778 1,603 3,000 N Y N Y Y

Alaska 105,346 90 360 1,567 85,000 Y Y N Y Y

Arizona 235,031 14,897 447 651 816,760 Y Y Y N Y

Arkansas 95,101 580 16,518 1,081 1,821,954 Y Y Y N Y

California 747,770 547 349 7,130 4,048,793 Y Y Y N Y

Colorado 27,318 26 103 131 325 Y N N N N

Connecticut 977,087 200 20 9,910 1,646,700 Y Y Y N N

Delaware 1,035 0 0 54 33,665 Y Y N Y N

District of Columbia 3

0 0 0 0 0 Y Y N Y N

Florida 308,290 454 8,678 769 209,637 Y Y N Y Y

Georgia 29,052 29 373 150 0 N N N N Y

Hawaii 546,247 16,728 3,600 1,161 831,232 Y Y N Y Y

Idaho 96,559 5,170 3,212 441 78,661 Y Y N Y Y

Illinois 730,000 400 500 4,000 1,400,000 Y Y Y N Y

Indiana 829,771 980 850 (#) 1,463,693 Y Y Y N Y

Iowa 340,575 0 5,190 1,228 125,088 Y Y N Y Y

Kansas 100,000 100 200 235 150,000 Y Y N Y Y

Kentucky 115,000 800 6,200 475 54,000 Y Y N Y Y

Louisiana 454,875 3,401 7,831 1,047 175,110 Y Y N Y Y

Maine 240,000 115,000 3,200 710 175,000 Y Y N Y Y

Maryland 4 0 0 0 0 0 N N N N N

Massachusetts 3,600 0 78 109 250 N N N N N

Michigan 2,260,660 306 1,212 5,459 794,606 Y Y Y N Y

Minnesota 31,458 328 815 661 415,000 Y Y N Y N

Mississippi 213,033 0 3,061 474 62,626 Y Y N Y Y

Missouri 79,761 0 0 396 194,529 Y Y N Y Y

Montana 66,023 3,805 99 527 384,978 Y Y N Y Y

Nebraska 97,441 49 2,284 672 238,917 Y Y N Y Y

Nevada 59,865 30 150 473 555,224 Y Y N Y Y

New Hampshire 524,754 250 1,396 402 0 Y Y N Y Y

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 9.--Library materials in state library agencies, by type of material; designation of state library agencies as state or federal depository libraries;

 type of federal depository library; and maintenance of general collection, by state: Fiscal year 1998--Continued

"Uncatalogued"

Books and Audio Video Serial government Depository library 2Federal depository library General 

State serial volumes materials materials subscriptions documents 1

State Federal Regional Selective collection

New Jersey 1,884,000 30 50 1,700 530,000 Y Y N Y Y

New Mexico 200,000 74 805 720 1,250,000 Y Y Y N Y

New York 2,404,086 50 10 12,103 20,000 Y Y Y N Y

North Carolina 162,567 0 5,970 715 566,770 Y Y N Y Y

North Dakota 232,494 14,645 823 801 11,000 Y Y N Y Y

Ohio 632,928 1,226 5,230 575 2,500,000 Y Y Y N Y

Oklahoma 324,858 0 987 2,227 2,425,659 Y Y Y N Y

Oregon 891,473 558 2,566 773 0 Y Y N Y Y

Pennsylvania 1,000,494 1,358 784 4,170 952,484 Y Y Y N Y

Rhode Island 4,450 5 175 124 200 Y N N N N

South Carolina 285,956 315 2,474 2,147 267,568 Y Y N Y Y

South Dakota 167,677 0 10,000 891 206,034 Y Y N Y Y

Tennessee 631,604 60,199 455 520 149,075 Y Y N Y Y

Texas 1,165,422 226 208 588 0 Y Y Y N Y

Utah 53,196 0 0 57 0 Y Y N Y Y

Vermont 468,017 17,417 4,928 6,602 220,000 Y Y N Y Y

Virginia 723,500 0 1,100 910 615,550 Y Y N Y Y

Washington 822,354 10,650 7,444 3,500 1,550,000 Y Y Y N Y

West Virginia 224,967 3,735 4,893 601 142,971 N Y N Y Y

Wisconsin 145,498 27,600 10,000 471 26,700 Y N N N Y

Wyoming 134,088 38 141 300 312,138 Y Y N Y Y

# Not reported. 

Y Yes.

N No.

1

 Includes only government documents not accessible through the library catalog and not reported elsewhere. 

2

 Indicates that the state library agency is officially designated as a depository of publications bearing the imprint of the state (or federal) government.

3

 The District of Columbia Public Library (DCPL) is designated as a state library agency for eligibility for federal funds under the Library Services and

 Construction Act. In this capacity, its Division of Special Services has an outlet that includes the Library for the Blind and Physically Handicapped

 (LBPH) and that also serves residents of state institutions through permanent rotating collections. The LBPH collections are owned by the Library of 

 Congress. The collections that serve residents of state institutions are not requested in the State Library Agencies Survey, the basis for this report, 

 as they are from the main public library collection and are reported in the Public Libraries Survey. 

4 The state library agency in Maryland is an office in the Maryland Department of Education (the Division of Library Development and Services). Except for

 its Library for the Blind and Physically Handicapped outlet (with collections owned by the Library of Congress), it does not have collections or operate 

 a library for the public or for state government personnel. 

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, State Library Agencies Survey, Fiscal Year 1998.
 Table 10.--Library service transactions in state library agency outlets that serve the general public and/or

 state government employees, by type of transaction and state: Fiscal year 1998

Reference Interlibrary loan/document delivery

State Library visits Circulation transactions Provided to Received from 

50 States and DC 2,560,703 3,583,365 2,333,802 662,130 166,913

Alabama 20,112 5,264 14,635 9,885 2,721

Alaska 81,884 3,837 16,470 1,891 1,626

Arizona 76,006 1,827 55,947 1,265 1,019

Arkansas 11,516 11,867 5,598 13,730 316

California (#) 46,690 119,826 18,272 387

Colorado 13,250 5,961 2,511 661 496

Connecticut 131,517 283 111,797 616 202

Delaware 18,100 1,625 2,999 21 52

District of Columbia 1

0 0 0 0 0

Florida 73,960 76,620 111,082 35,657 4,088

Georgia 229 26 250 774 5

Hawaii 475,672 717,539 614,003 23 59

Idaho (#) 42,936 2,929 3,362 (#)

Illinois (#) 4,089 11,195 8,707 2,983

Indiana 71,548 9,605 85,097 3,450 97

Iowa 76,536 9,859 22,560 12,505 652

Kansas 10,000 20,000 25,000 2,500 3,000

Kentucky 10,000 14,000 17,100 1,800 2,500

Louisiana 49,653 40,662 14,517 31,332 10,320

Maine 174,778 330,249 31,219 27,219 21,087

Maryland 2 0 0 0 0 0

Massachusetts 200 703 1,100 50 68

Michigan 386,329 22,803 61,160 13,586 4,247

Minnesota 3,166 14,150 2,700 350 454

Mississippi 2,508 3,430 10,079 12,156 893

Missouri (#) 3,117 3,510 761 2,255

Montana 6,540 148,826 8,082 7,205 4,415

Nebraska 5,536 2,661 4,019 382 1,315

Nevada 29,625 7,462 12,009 534 339

New Hampshire (#) 5,334 16,585 12,547 454

See footnotes at end of table.
 Table 10.--Library service transactions in state library agency outlets that serve the general public and/or

 state government employees, by type of transaction and state: Fiscal year 1998--Continued

Reference Interlibrary loan/document delivery

State Library visits Circulation transactions Provided to Received from 

New Jersey 50,000 29,500 53,000 11,500 2,600

New Mexico 27,105 310,000 13,500 1,235 1,463

New York 170,000 60,689 125,047 65,732 2,622

North Carolina 26,087 11,354 24,928 18,437 436

North Dakota 9,872 50,019 5,783 29,973 25,804

Ohio (#) 45,694 25,691 10,210 3,830

Oklahoma 46,734 25,900 13,958 11,378 7,663

Oregon 11,037 7,360 18,679 9,413 1,624

Pennsylvania 79,456 44,245 68,114 14,718 725

Rhode Island 104 953 1,300 120 250

South Carolina 29,182 52,748 20,936 29,893 2,606

South Dakota 25,000 53,523 6,586 45,690 19,131

Tennessee 26,815 0 47,909 3,120 350

Texas 33,149 17,056 115,513 2,690 990

Utah (#) 1,086 10,060 14,634 204

Vermont 25,000 80,414 12,918 95,306 21,025

Virginia 163,829 471,816 65,930 11,468 1,260

Washington 3 80,000 754,089 273,870 35,013 6,895

West Virginia 7,220 8,215 3,171 12,169 157

Wisconsin 15,000 3,393 36,604 14,715 317

Wyoming 6,448 3,886 6,326 3,475 911

# Data not reported.

1

 The District of Columbia Public Library (DCPL) is designated as a state library agency for eligibility for federal funds under the Library

 Services and Construction Act. In this capacity, its Division of Special Services has an outlet that includes the Library for the Blind and

 Physically Handicapped (LBPH) and that also serves residents of state institutions through permanent rotating collections. The service

 transactions for this outlet are not requested in the State Library Agencies Survey, the basis for this report. 

2

 The state library agency in Maryland is an office in the Maryland Department of Education (the Division of Library Development and Services). 

 Except for its Library for the Blind and Physically Handicapped (LBPH) outlet, it does not operate a library for the public or for state government 

 personnel. The LBPH service transactions are not requested in the State Library Agencies Survey, the basis for this report. 

3

 Circulation includes circulation from state library agency outlets that serve both state government employees and residents of state 

 correctional institutions or other state institutions. 

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, State Library Agencies Survey, Fiscal Year 1998.
 Table 11.--Library development transactions of state library agencies, by type of transaction

 and state: Fiscal year 1998

LSTA and state grants* Continuing education programs

Grants On-site Number of Attendance at 

State monitored monitoring visits events events 

50 States and DC 9,417 2,983 3,424 91,894

Alabama 314 7 51 957

Alaska 114 25 109 1,246

Arizona 15 6 80 1,660

Arkansas 26 13 13 693

California 386 119 228 8,631

Colorado 41 26 17 442

Connecticut 88 19 55 1,015

Delaware 30 5 32 413

District of Columbia 0 0 35 666

Florida 285 285 41 1,780

Georgia 118 23 70 749

Hawaii 1 1 0 0

Idaho 62 278 51 1,837

Illinois 2,890 300 260 6,724

Indiana 160 51 13 539

Iowa 16 10 64 1,280

Kansas 53 25 33 985

Kentucky 125 16 117 4,367

Louisiana 140 154 33 1,486

Maine 19 19 150 2,000

Maryland 55 36 7 175

Massachusetts 165 120 116 2,341

Michigan 308 19 84 1,080

Minnesota 82 2 97 1,596

Mississippi 287 12 74 1,922

Missouri 282 4 49 1,193

Montana 26 21 75 1,273

Nebraska 133 6 65 819

Nevada 50 21 33 -

New Hampshire 32 12 85 740

See footnotes at end of table.
 Table 11.--Library development transactions of state library agencies, by type of transaction

 and state: Fiscal year 1998--Continued

LSTA and state grants* Continuing education programs

Grants On-site Number of Attendance at 

State monitored monitoring visits events events 

New Jersey 100 50 15 600

New Mexico 90 138 38 635

New York 688 88 39 1,166

North Carolina 254 100 83 2,151

North Dakota 12 18 28 620

Ohio 96 288 283 4,961

Oklahoma 414 29 146 2,138

Oregon 221 0 12 178

Pennsylvania 180 55 79 1,613

Rhode Island 93 0 44 4,107

South Carolina 109 145 40 1,690

South Dakota 4 10 31 270

Tennessee 246 58 47 1,675

Texas 122 34 113 6,145

Utah 137 5 11 391

Vermont 4 0 88 2,600

Virginia 105 111 28 1,850

Washington 49 124 8 735

West Virginia 99 72 5 907

Wisconsin 85 21 51 7,799

Wyoming 6 2 98 1,054

* LSTA--the Library Services and Technology Act (P.L. 104-208). 

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, State Library Agencies Survey,

 Fiscal Year 1998.
 Table 12a.--Budgeted full-time equivalent (FTE) positions in state library agencies, by type of position and state: Fall 1998

Type of position Type of position

Librarians with Other Other Librarians with Other Other

State Total ALA-MLS* professionals paid staff ALA-MLS professionals paid staff

Number (in full-time equivalents) Percentage distribution

50 States and DC 3,765.9 1,206.1 611.9 1,947.9 32.0 16.2 51.7

Alabama 65.0 25.0 3.0 37.0 38.5 4.6 56.9

Alaska 37.0 17.0 1.0 19.0 45.9 2.7 51.4

Arizona 115.0 32.0 22.0 61.0 27.8 19.1 53.0

Arkansas 68.5 22.0 12.0 34.5 32.1 17.5 50.4

California 204.0 55.5 28.0 120.5 27.2 13.7 59.1

Colorado 36.5 14.3 5.6 16.7 39.0 15.2 45.8

Connecticut 120.0 38.0 17.0 65.0 31.7 14.2 54.2

Delaware 20.0 7.0 7.0 6.0 35.0 35.0 30.0

District of Columbia 10.0 4.0 4.0 2.0 40.0 40.0 20.0

Florida 117.0 31.5 19.0 66.5 26.9 16.2 56.8

Georgia 28.5 10.5 6.0 12.0 36.8 21.1 42.1

Hawaii 89.0 43.0 0.0 46.0 48.3 0.0 51.7

Idaho 44.9 17.9 2.0 25.0 39.8 4.5 55.7

Illinois 108.3 33.0 19.0 56.3 30.5 17.6 52.0

Indiana 71.3 33.3 3.0 35.0 46.7 4.2 49.1

Iowa 33.0 12.0 21.0 0.0 36.4 63.6 0.0

Kansas 27.0 13.0 3.0 11.0 48.1 11.1 40.7

Kentucky 166.5 40.0 43.0 83.5 24.0 25.8 50.2

Louisiana 80.0 32.0 3.0 45.0 40.0 3.8 56.3

Maine 59.0 18.5 1.0 39.5 31.4 1.7 66.9

Maryland 25.0 14.0 0.0 11.0 56.0 0.0 44.0

Massachusetts 32.0 15.0 8.0 9.0 46.9 25.0 28.1

Michigan 104.0 35.0 26.0 43.0 33.7 25.0 41.3

Minnesota 22.5 9.0 0.0 13.5 40.0 0.0 60.0

Mississippi 65.0 23.0 22.0 20.0 35.4 33.8 30.8

Missouri 54.0 21.0 4.0 29.0 38.9 7.4 53.7

Montana 37.8 10.0 18.0 9.8 26.5 47.7 25.8

Nebraska 46.0 16.8 15.8 13.5 36.4 34.2 29.3

Nevada 41.5 12.0 11.0 18.5 28.9 26.5 44.6

New Hampshire 54.0 22.0 2.0 30.0 40.7 3.7 55.6

See footnotes at end of table.
 Table 12a.--Budgeted full-time equivalent (FTE) positions in state library agencies, by type of position and state: Fall 1998

 --Continued

Type of position Type of position

Librarians with Other Other Librarians with Other Other

State Total ALA-MLS* professionals paid staff ALA-MLS professionals paid staff

Number (in full-time equivalents) Percentage distribution

New Jersey 89.0 30.0 5.0 54.0 33.7 5.6 60.7

New Mexico 68.5 21.5 6.0 41.0 31.4 8.8 59.9

New York 190.0 68.4 8.9 112.6 36.0 4.7 59.3

North Carolina 92.5 30.0 1.0 61.5 32.4 1.1 66.5

North Dakota 28.0 9.0 6.0 13.0 32.1 21.4 46.4

Ohio 124.0 35.0 16.0 73.0 28.2 12.9 58.9

Oklahoma 78.0 31.5 12.5 34.0 40.4 16.0 43.6

Oregon 44.4 14.0 7.6 22.8 31.5 17.2 51.3

Pennsylvania 88.0 32.5 7.0 48.5 36.9 8.0 55.1

Rhode Island 21.0 12.0 4.0 5.0 57.1 19.0 23.8

South Carolina 45.5 21.6 3.3 20.6 47.4 7.2 45.4

South Dakota 32.5 7.0 3.0 22.5 21.5 9.2 69.2

Tennessee 100.0 21.0 16.0 63.0 21.0 16.0 63.0

Texas 207.6 43.0 49.3 115.4 20.7 23.7 55.6

Utah 75.7 14.0 19.0 42.7 18.5 25.1 56.4

Vermont 39.5 13.5 9.0 17.0 34.2 22.8 43.0

Virginia 203.0 33.0 71.8 98.3 16.3 35.3 48.4

Washington 129.1 49.0 21.2 58.9 38.0 16.4 45.6

West Virginia 52.0 12.0 8.0 32.0 23.1 15.4 61.5

Wisconsin 43.0 18.0 7.0 18.1 41.7 16.3 42.0

Wyoming 32.6 13.0 4.1 15.5 39.9 12.6 47.5

* Librarians with master's degrees from programs of library and information studies accredited by the American Library Association.

NOTES: 1. Number of staff represent staff on the payroll as of October 1, 1998, and unfilled but budgeted positions. 

 2. Because of rounding, detail may not add to totals.

 3. Percentages may not sum to 100.0 due to rounding.

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, State Library Agencies Survey, Fiscal Year 1998.
 Table 12b.--Budgeted full-time equivalent (FTE) positions in state library agencies, by type of activity and state: Fall 1998

Type of activity Type of activity

Library Library Other Library Library Other

State Total Administration development services services Administration development services services

Number (in full-time equivalents) Percentage distribution

50 States and DC 3,765.9 473.2 556.0 2,166.7 569.9 12.6 14.8 57.5 15.1

Alabama 65.0 18.0 8.0 28.0 11.0 27.7 12.3 43.1 16.9

Alaska 37.0 6.0 6.0 22.0 3.0 16.2 16.2 59.5 8.1

Arizona 115.0 11.0 10.0 60.0 34.0 9.6 8.7 52.2 29.6

Arkansas 68.5 16.0 6.0 44.5 2.0 23.4 8.8 65.0 2.9

California 204.0 41.0 25.0 104.5 33.5 20.1 12.3 51.2 16.4

Colorado 36.5 9.0 6.8 18.8 2.0 24.5 18.6 51.4 5.5

Connecticut 120.0 21.0 28.0 61.0 10.0 17.5 23.3 50.8 8.3

Delaware 20.0 4.0 5.0 11.0 0.0 20.0 25.0 55.0 0.0

District of Columbia 10.0 2.0 0.0 8.0 0.0 20.0 0.0 80.0 0.0

Florida 117.0 11.0 19.0 35.5 51.5 9.4 16.2 30.3 44.0

Georgia 28.5 7.4 7.6 7.7 5.8 26.0 26.7 27.0 20.4

Hawaii 89.0 2.0 0.0 81.0 6.0 2.2 0.0 91.0 6.7

Idaho 44.9 4.0 11.9 19.0 10.0 8.9 26.4 42.4 22.3

Illinois 108.3 13.5 23.0 51.0 20.8 12.5 21.2 47.1 19.2

Indiana 71.3 5.0 7.6 58.7 0.0 7.0 10.6 82.4 0.0

Iowa 33.0 4.0 10.0 19.0 0.0 12.1 30.3 57.6 0.0

Kansas 27.0 2.5 2.5 18.0 4.0 9.3 9.3 66.7 14.8

Kentucky 166.5 28.0 48.0 30.5 60.0 16.8 28.8 18.3 36.0

Louisiana 80.0 9.0 8.0 63.0 0.0 11.3 10.0 78.8 0.0

Maine 59.0 6.0 31.0 22.0 0.0 10.2 52.5 37.3 0.0

Maryland 25.0 2.0 8.0 15.0 0.0 8.0 32.0 60.0 0.0

Massachusetts 32.0 5.0 16.5 1.0 9.5 15.6 51.6 3.1 29.7

Michigan 104.0 6.5 6.0 91.5 0.0 6.3 5.8 88.0 0.0

Minnesota 22.5 1.0 6.0 15.0 0.5 4.4 26.7 66.7 2.2

Mississippi 65.0 16.0 3.0 22.0 24.0 24.6 4.6 33.8 36.9

Missouri 54.0 6.0 10.0 38.0 0.0 11.1 18.5 70.4 0.0

Montana 37.8 4.7 5.7 27.4 0.0 12.3 15.1 72.6 0.0

Nebraska 46.0 10.0 6.0 13.5 16.5 21.7 13.0 29.3 35.9

Nevada 41.5 5.5 7.5 15.5 13.0 13.3 18.1 37.3 31.3

New Hampshire 54.0 5.5 4.5 44.0 0.0 10.2 8.3 81.5 0.0

See footnotes at end of table.
 Table 12b.--Budgeted full-time equivalent (FTE) positions in state library agencies, by type of activity and state: Fall 1998--Continued

Type of activity Type of activity

Library Library Other Library Library Other

State Total Administration development services services Administration development services services

Number (in full-time equivalents) Percentage distribution

New Jersey 89.0 12.0 9.0 44.0 24.0 13.5 10.1 49.4 27.0

New Mexico 68.5 10.0 6.0 52.5 0.0 14.6 8.8 76.6 0.0

New York 190.0 9.8 20.4 156.1 3.8 5.2 10.7 82.1 2.0

North Carolina 92.5 5.0 13.0 74.5 0.0 5.4 14.1 80.5 0.0

North Dakota 28.0 5.0 3.0 20.0 0.0 17.9 10.7 71.4 0.0

Ohio 124.0 15.0 15.0 84.0 10.0 12.1 12.1 67.7 8.1

Oklahoma 78.0 15.5 9.5 50.0 3.0 19.9 12.2 64.1 3.8

Oregon 44.4 5.0 4.3 35.1 0.0 11.3 9.6 79.2 0.0

Pennsylvania 88.0 13.0 25.0 50.0 0.0 14.8 28.4 56.8 0.0

Rhode Island 21.0 5.3 2.9 11.8 1.0 25.2 13.8 56.2 4.8

South Carolina 45.5 8.9 5.6 30.9 0.0 19.6 12.4 68.1 0.0

South Dakota 32.5 4.7 2.7 25.2 0.0 14.5 8.2 77.4 0.0

Tennessee 100.0 5.0 9.0 71.0 15.0 5.0 9.0 71.0 15.0

Texas 207.6 18.5 22.3 94.8 72.1 8.9 10.7 45.6 34.7

Utah 75.7 6.5 10.5 32.7 26.0 8.6 13.9 43.2 34.3

Vermont 39.5 4.0 2.0 32.5 1.0 10.1 5.1 82.3 2.5

Virginia 203.0 6.0 13.0 87.0 97.0 3.0 6.4 42.9 47.8

Washington 129.1 25.1 12.0 92.0 0.0 19.4 9.3 71.3 0.0

West Virginia 52.0 9.0 10.0 33.0 0.0 17.3 19.2 63.5 0.0

Wisconsin 43.0 2.0 14.3 26.8 0.0 4.7 33.1 62.2 0.0

Wyoming 32.6 5.4 10.2 17.0 0.0 16.6 31.3 52.1 0.0

NOTES: 1. Number of staff represent staff on the payroll as of October 1, 1998, and unfilled but budgeted positions. 

 2. Because of rounding, detail may not add to totals.

 3. Percentages may not sum to 100.0 due to rounding.

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, State Library Agencies Survey, Fiscal Year 1998.
 Table 12c.--Budgeted full-time equivalent (FTE) positions in library development in state library agencies, by type of library served

 and state: Fall 1998

Library development Library development

School School

Public library Academic Special Public library Academic Special

State Total library media center library library Other library media center library library Other

Number (in full-time equivalents) Percentage distribution

50 States and DC 556.0 373.8 25.5 8.0 3.4 145.3 67.2 4.6 1.4 0.6 26.1

Alabama 8.0 8.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 100.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Alaska 6.0 1.5 1.5 0.0 0.0 3.0 25.0 25.0 0.0 0.0 50.0

Arizona 10.0 10.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 100.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Arkansas 6.0 6.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 100.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

California 25.0 25.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 100.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Colorado 6.8 0.5 1.0 0.0 0.0 5.3 7.4 14.7 0.0 0.0 77.9

Connecticut 28.0 28.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 100.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Delaware 5.0 4.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 80.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 20.0

District of Columbia 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Florida 19.0 13.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 6.0 68.4 0.0 0.0 0.0 31.6

Georgia 7.6 7.6 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 100.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Hawaii 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Idaho 11.9 4.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 7.9 33.8 0.0 0.0 0.0 66.2

Illinois 23.0 1.0 2.0 0.3 0.3 19.5 4.3 8.7 1.1 1.1 84.8

Indiana 7.6 5.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 2.6 66.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 33.9

Iowa 10.0 10.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 100.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Kansas 2.5 2.3 0.0 0.0 0.3 0.0 90.0 0.0 0.0 10.0 0.0

Kentucky 48.0 48.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 100.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Louisiana 8.0 5.0 0.0 0.0 1.5 1.5 62.5 0.0 0.0 18.8 18.8

Maine 31.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 31.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 100.0

Maryland 8.0 8.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 100.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Massachusetts 16.5 14.7 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.9 88.8 0.0 0.0 0.0 11.2

Michigan 6.0 6.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 100.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Minnesota 6.0 4.0 0.5 0.0 0.3 1.3 66.7 8.3 0.0 4.2 20.8

Mississippi 3.0 3.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 100.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Missouri 10.0 10.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 100.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Montana 5.7 3.7 0.0 0.0 0.0 2.0 64.9 0.0 0.0 0.0 35.1

Nebraska 6.0 3.4 0.6 0.2 0.1 1.7 56.7 10.0 2.5 2.2 28.7

Nevada 7.5 1.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 6.5 13.3 0.0 0.0 0.0 86.7

New Hampshire 4.5 4.5 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 100.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

See footnotes at end of table.
 Table 12c.--Budgeted full-time equivalent (FTE) positions in library development in state library agencies, by type of library served

 and state: Fall 1998--Continued

Library development Library development

School School

Public library Academic Special Public library Academic Special

State Total library media center library library Other library media center library library Other

Number (in full-time equivalents) Percentage distribution

New Jersey 9.0 2.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 7.0 22.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 77.8

New Mexico 6.0 4.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 2.0 66.7 0.0 0.0 0.0 33.3

New York 20.4 7.7 2.0 3.8 0.3 6.6 37.8 9.7 18.4 1.6 32.5

North Carolina 13.0 10.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 3.0 76.9 0.0 0.0 0.0 23.1

North Dakota 3.0 3.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 100.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Ohio 15.0 4.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 11.0 26.7 0.0 0.0 0.0 73.3

Oklahoma 9.5 9.5 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 100.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Oregon 4.3 1.6 0.2 0.1 0.1 2.3 37.6 4.7 2.4 2.4 52.9

Pennsylvania 25.0 13.5 11.0 0.0 0.5 0.0 54.0 44.0 0.0 2.0 0.0

Rhode Island 2.9 2.4 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.5 82.8 0.0 0.0 0.0 17.2

South Carolina 5.6 3.8 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.9 66.6 0.0 0.0 0.0 33.4

South Dakota 2.7 2.7 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 100.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Tennessee 9.0 9.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 100.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Texas 22.3 16.3 0.0 2.0 0.0 4.0 73.0 0.0 9.0 0.0 18.0

Utah 10.5 7.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 3.5 66.7 0.0 0.0 0.0 33.3

Vermont 2.0 2.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 100.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Virginia 13.0 11.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 2.0 84.6 0.0 0.0 0.0 15.4

Washington 12.0 5.5 0.0 0.0 0.0 6.5 45.8 0.0 0.0 0.0 54.2

West Virginia 10.0 6.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 4.0 60.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 40.0

Wisconsin 14.3 8.3 6.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 57.9 42.1 0.0 0.0 0.0

Wyoming 10.2 7.7 0.7 1.7 0.1 0.1 75.0 6.9 16.7 1.0 0.5

NOTES: 1. Number of staff represent staff on the payroll as of October 1, 1998, and unfilled but budgeted positions. 

 2. Because of rounding, detail may not add to totals.

 3. Percentages may not sum to 100.0 due to rounding.

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, State Library Agencies Survey, Fiscal Year 1998.
 Table 12d.--Budgeted full-time equivalent (FTE) positions in library services in state library agencies, by type of service

 and state: Fall 1998

Library services Library services 

Public Technical Public Technical

State Total services services Other services services Other

Number (in full-time equivalents) Percentage distribution

50 States and DC 2,166.7 1,071.6 520.0 575.1 49.5 24.0 26.5

Alabama 28.0 24.0 4.0 0.0 85.7 14.3 0.0

Alaska 22.0 11.0 5.0 6.0 50.0 22.7 27.3

Arizona 60.0 38.0 18.0 4.0 63.3 30.0 6.7

Arkansas 44.5 11.0 24.0 9.5 24.7 53.9 21.3

California 104.5 44.0 37.0 23.5 42.1 35.4 22.5

Colorado 18.8 8.5 2.3 8.0 45.3 12.0 42.7

Connecticut 61.0 27.0 17.0 17.0 44.3 27.9 27.9

Delaware 11.0 3.0 2.3 5.8 27.3 20.5 52.3

District of Columbia 8.0 8.0 0.0 0.0 100.0 0.0 0.0

Florida 35.5 24.0 8.5 3.0 67.6 23.9 8.5

Georgia 7.7 2.8 0.9 4.0 36.4 11.7 51.9

Hawaii 81.0 77.5 1.0 2.5 95.7 1.2 3.1

Idaho 19.0 12.0 7.0 0.0 63.2 36.8 0.0

Illinois 51.0 25.0 23.0 3.0 49.0 45.1 5.9

Indiana 58.7 42.7 8.0 8.0 72.7 13.6 13.6

Iowa 19.0 14.0 5.0 0.0 73.7 26.3 0.0

Kansas 18.0 6.5 1.5 10.0 36.1 8.3 55.6

Kentucky 30.5 19.5 9.0 2.0 63.9 29.5 6.6

Louisiana 63.0 27.0 12.0 24.0 42.9 19.0 38.1

Maine 22.0 9.5 12.5 0.0 43.2 56.8 0.0

Maryland 15.0 0.0 0.0 15.0 0.0 0.0 100.0

Massachusetts 1.0 0.7 0.3 0.0 70.0 30.0 0.0

Michigan 91.5 37.0 23.0 31.5 40.4 25.1 34.4

Minnesota 15.0 11.5 3.5 0.0 76.7 23.3 0.0

Mississippi 22.0 12.0 10.0 0.0 54.5 45.5 0.0

Missouri 38.0 12.0 3.0 23.0 31.6 7.9 60.5

Montana 27.4 6.2 2.5 18.7 22.6 9.1 68.2

Nebraska 13.5 4.8 4.8 4.0 35.2 35.2 29.6

Nevada 15.5 7.5 5.0 3.0 48.4 32.3 19.4

New Hampshire 44.0 19.0 8.0 17.0 43.2 18.2 38.6

See footnotes at end of table.
 Table 12d.--Budgeted full-time equivalent (FTE) positions in library services in state library agencies, by type of service

 and state: Fall 1998--Continued

Library services Library services 

Public Technical Public Technical

State Total services services Other services services Other

Number (in full-time equivalents) Percentage distribution

New Jersey 44.0 35.0 8.0 1.0 79.5 18.2 2.3

New Mexico 52.5 27.5 14.0 11.0 52.4 26.7 21.0

New York 156.1 83.1 47.2 25.8 53.2 30.2 16.6

North Carolina 74.5 28.7 11.5 34.3 38.5 15.4 46.0

North Dakota 20.0 18.0 2.0 0.0 90.0 10.0 0.0

Ohio 84.0 30.0 21.0 33.0 35.7 25.0 39.3

Oklahoma 50.0 27.0 4.0 19.0 54.0 8.0 38.0

Oregon 35.1 11.0 9.0 15.1 31.3 25.6 43.1

Pennsylvania 50.0 33.5 16.5 0.0 67.0 33.0 0.0

Rhode Island 11.8 3.6 0.2 8.0 30.5 1.7 67.8

South Carolina 30.9 18.8 9.4 2.8 60.6 30.3 9.1

South Dakota 25.2 19.5 5.2 0.5 77.5 20.5 2.0

Tennessee 71.0 29.0 26.0 16.0 40.8 36.6 22.5

Texas 94.8 23.4 9.0 62.4 24.7 9.5 65.8

Utah 32.7 4.0 3.5 25.2 12.2 10.7 77.1

Vermont 32.5 28.5 4.0 0.0 87.7 12.3 0.0

Virginia 87.0 49.0 29.0 9.0 56.3 33.3 10.3

Washington 92.0 26.5 24.5 41.0 28.8 26.6 44.6

West Virginia 33.0 10.0 4.0 19.0 30.3 12.1 57.6

Wisconsin 26.8 13.8 3.5 9.5 51.4 13.1 35.5

Wyoming 17.0 6.3 10.7 0.0 36.9 63.1 0.0

NOTES: 1. Number of staff represent staff on the payroll as of October 1, 1998, and unfilled but budgeted positions. 

 2. Because of rounding, detail may not add to totals.

 3. Percentages may not sum to 100 due to rounding.

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, State Library Agencies Survey, Fiscal Year 1998.
 Table 13a.--Budgeted full-time equivalent (FTE) positions in administration of LSTA grants in state library agencies, 

 by type of position and state: Fall 1998

Administration of LSTA grants 1

Administration of LSTA grants

Librarians with Other Other Librarians with Other Other

State Total ALA-MLS 2professionals paid staff ALA-MLS professionals paid staff

Number (in full-time equivalents) Percentage distribution

50 States and DC 88.2 43.9 24.1 20.3 49.8 27.3 23.0

Alabama 4.0 1.0 1.0 2.0 25.0 25.0 50.0

Alaska 0.4 0.4 0.0 0.0 100.0 0.0 0.0

Arizona 0.5 0.5 0.0 0.0 100.0 0.0 0.0

Arkansas 1.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 100.0 0.0 0.0

California 2.5 2.0 0.0 0.5 80.0 0.0 20.0

Colorado 1.3 0.0 1.0 0.3 0.0 76.9 23.1

Connecticut 3.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 33.3 33.3 33.3

Delaware 0.5 0.3 0.3 0.0 50.0 50.0 0.0

District of Columbia 0.5 0.5 0.0 0.0 100.0 0.0 0.0

Florida 4.0 2.2 0.0 1.9 53.8 0.0 46.3

Georgia 0.6 0.3 0.2 0.1 50.0 33.3 16.7

Hawaii 1.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 100.0 0.0 0.0

Idaho 1.8 0.3 0.0 1.5 14.3 0.0 85.7

Illinois 3.4 1.9 0.5 1.0 55.2 14.9 29.9

Indiana 1.6 0.6 0.0 1.0 36.3 0.0 63.7

Iowa 3.0 2.0 1.0 0.0 66.7 33.3 0.0

Kansas 1.0 0.5 0.3 0.3 50.0 25.0 25.0

Kentucky 1.0 0.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 100.0 0.0

Louisiana 1.9 1.0 0.5 0.4 52.6 26.3 21.1

Maine 1.0 0.5 0.0 0.5 50.0 0.0 50.0

Maryland 1.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 100.0 0.0 0.0

Massachusetts 1.7 0.6 0.9 0.3 33.3 51.5 15.2

Michigan 6.0 0.0 4.0 2.0 0.0 66.7 33.3

Minnesota 0.5 0.5 0.0 0.0 100.0 0.0 0.0

Mississippi 2.0 1.0 1.0 0.0 50.0 50.0 0.0

Missouri 0.8 0.5 0.0 0.3 66.7 0.0 33.3

Montana 1.2 0.9 0.3 0.0 78.3 21.7 0.0

Nebraska 0.7 0.0 0.6 0.0 5.9 94.1 0.0

Nevada 0.4 0.4 0.0 0.0 100.0 0.0 0.0

New Hampshire 2.0 1.0 0.0 1.0 50.0 0.0 50.0

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 13a.--Budgeted full-time equivalent (FTE) positions in administration of LSTA grants in state library agencies,

 by type of position and state: Fall 1998--Continued

Administration of LSTA grants 1

Administration of LSTA grants

Librarians with Other Other Librarians with Other Other

State Total ALA-MLS 2professionals paid staff ALA-MLS professionals paid staff

Number (in full-time equivalents) Percentage distribution

New Jersey 1.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 33.3 33.3 33.3

New Mexico 0.3 0.3 0.0 0.0 100.0 0.0 0.0

New York 2.1 1.4 0.7 0.0 66.8 33.2 0.0

North Carolina 1.4 1.0 0.0 0.4 71.4 0.0 28.6

North Dakota 1.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 100.0 0.0 0.0

Ohio 6.0 3.0 2.0 1.0 50.0 33.3 16.7

Oklahoma 1.0 0.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 100.0 0.0

Oregon 1.1 0.1 0.7 0.3 10.4 66.0 23.6

Pennsylvania 2.0 1.0 0.0 1.0 50.0 0.0 50.0

Rhode Island 1.2 0.5 0.6 0.1 43.5 52.2 4.3

South Carolina 0.8 0.5 0.2 0.1 63.2 30.3 6.6

South Dakota 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.0 100.0 0.0 0.0

Tennessee 4.0 3.5 0.0 0.5 87.5 0.0 12.5

Texas 6.0 3.0 2.0 1.0 50.0 33.3 16.7

Utah 1.4 0.9 0.4 0.1 66.7 25.9 7.4

Vermont 1.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 33.3 33.3 33.3

Virginia 0.5 0.5 0.0 0.0 100.0 0.0 0.0

Washington 1.5 1.0 0.5 0.0 66.7 33.3 0.0

West Virginia 2.0 1.0 1.0 0.0 50.0 50.0 0.0

Wisconsin 1.4 0.6 0.1 0.8 42.9 3.6 53.6

Wyoming 1.7 0.9 0.5 0.3 54.5 30.3 15.2

1

 LSTA--the Library Services and Technology Act (P.L. 104-208). 

2

 Librarians with master's degrees from programs of library and information studies accredited by the American Library Association.

NOTES: 1. Number of staff represent staff on the payroll as of October 1, 1998, and unfilled but budgeted positions.

 2. Because of rounding, detail may not add to totals.

 3. Percentages may not sum to 100.0 due to rounding.

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, State Library Agencies Survey, Fiscal Year 1998.
 Table 13b.--Budgeted full-time equivalent (FTE) positions in administration of state aid in state library agencies, 

 by type of position and state: Fall 1998

Administration of state aid Administration of state aid

Librarians with Other Other Librarians with Other Other

State Total ALA-MLS* professionals paid staff ALA-MLS professionals paid staff

Number (in full-time equivalents) Percentage distribution

50 States and DC 53.0 24.0 15.2 13.8 45.3 28.7 26.0

Alabama 4.0 1.0 1.0 2.0 25.0 25.0 50.0

Alaska 0.5 0.5 0.0 0.0 100.0 0.0 0.0

Arizona 0.5 0.5 0.0 0.0 100.0 0.0 0.0

Arkansas 0.3 0.0 0.3 0.0 0.0 100.0 0.0

California 4.0 1.0 0.0 3.0 25.0 0.0 75.0

Colorado 0.2 0.1 0.0 0.1 50.0 0.0 50.0

Connecticut 1.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 100.0 0.0 0.0

Delaware 0.5 0.3 0.3 0.0 50.0 50.0 0.0

District of Columbia 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Florida 1.5 0.9 0.0 0.7 56.7 0.0 43.3

Georgia 1.3 0.2 0.8 0.3 16.0 60.0 24.0

Hawaii 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Idaho 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 100.0

Illinois 6.2 1.8 2.0 2.5 28.2 32.3 39.5

Indiana 0.9 0.8 0.0 0.1 88.2 0.0 11.8

Iowa 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Kansas 0.8 0.3 0.3 0.3 33.3 33.3 33.3

Kentucky 1.0 0.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 100.0 0.0

Louisiana 1.3 0.6 0.3 0.4 46.2 23.1 30.8

Maine 0.2 0.1 0.0 0.1 50.0 0.0 50.0

Maryland 0.2 0.1 0.0 0.1 50.0 0.0 50.0

Massachusetts 1.5 1.0 0.0 0.5 66.7 0.0 33.3

Michigan 2.0 0.0 2.0 0.0 0.0 100.0 0.0

Minnesota 1.5 1.5 0.0 0.0 100.0 0.0 0.0

Mississippi 1.0 0.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 100.0 0.0

Missouri 0.5 0.3 0.0 0.3 50.0 0.0 50.0

Montana 0.5 0.2 0.3 0.0 44.4 55.6 0.0

Nebraska 0.3 0.3 0.1 0.0 80.6 16.1 3.2

Nevada 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.0 100.0 0.0 0.0

New Hampshire 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 13b.--Budgeted full-time equivalent (FTE) positions in administration of state aid in state library agencies, 

 by type of position and state: Fall 1998--Continued

Administration of state aid Administration of state aid

Librarians with Other Other Librarians with Other Other

State Total ALA-MLS* professionals paid staff ALA-MLS professionals paid staff

Number (in full-time equivalents) Percentage distribution

New Jersey 1.5 0.5 0.0 1.0 33.3 0.0 66.7

New Mexico 0.3 0.3 0.0 0.0 100.0 0.0 0.0

New York 7.6 5.6 2.0 0.0 73.4 26.6 0.0

North Carolina 0.2 0.1 0.0 0.1 66.7 0.0 33.3

North Dakota 1.0 0.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 100.0 0.0

Ohio 0.5 0.3 0.0 0.3 50.0 0.0 50.0

Oklahoma 1.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 100.0 0.0 0.0

Oregon 0.3 0.1 0.1 0.1 35.5 32.3 32.3

Pennsylvania 1.0 0.0 0.5 0.5 0.0 50.0 50.0

Rhode Island 1.4 0.6 0.7 0.1 44.4 51.9 3.7

South Carolina 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.0 73.7 26.3 0.0

South Dakota 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Tennessee 1.0 0.5 0.0 0.5 50.0 0.0 50.0

Texas 2.0 1.0 0.0 1.0 50.0 0.0 50.0

Utah 0.3 0.2 0.1 0.0 60.0 40.0 0.0

Vermont 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Virginia 0.5 0.5 0.0 0.0 100.0 0.0 0.0

Washington 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

West Virginia 2.0 1.0 1.0 0.0 50.0 50.0 0.0

Wisconsin 0.8 0.1 0.7 0.0 13.3 86.7 0.0

Wyoming 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

* Librarians with master's degrees from programs of library and information studies accredited by the American Library Association.

NOTES: 1. Number of staff represent staff on the payroll as of October 1, 1998, and unfilled but budgeted positions.

 2. Because of rounding, detail may not add to totals.

 3. Percentages may not sum to 100.0 due to rounding.

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, State Library Agencies Survey, Fiscal Year 1998.
 Table 13c.--Budgeted full-time equivalent (FTE) positions in automation/electronic network development/telecommunicatons in state

 library agencies, by type of position and state: Fall 1998

Automation/electronic network development/telecommunications Automation/electronic network development/telecommunications

Librarians with Other Other Librarians with Other Other

State Total ALA-MLS* professionals paid staff ALA-MLS professionals paid staff

Number (in full-time equivalents) Percentage distribution

50 States and DC 219.3 97.7 69.0 52.6 44.6 31.5 24.0

Alabama 4.0 1.0 1.0 2.0 25.0 25.0 50.0

Alaska 5.0 2.0 1.0 2.0 40.0 20.0 40.0

Arizona 1.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 100.0 0.0 0.0

Arkansas 2.0 1.0 1.0 0.0 50.0 50.0 0.0

California 13.0 5.5 2.0 5.5 42.3 15.4 42.3

Colorado 2.0 2.0 0.0 0.0 100.0 0.0 0.0

Connecticut 4.0 2.0 2.0 0.0 50.0 50.0 0.0

Delaware 4.3 2.3 2.0 0.0 53.5 46.5 0.0

District of Columbia 0.3 0.3 0.0 0.0 100.0 0.0 0.0

Florida 4.8 2.9 1.0 1.0 59.4 20.8 19.8

Georgia 5.2 1.4 3.0 0.8 26.9 57.7 15.4

Hawaii 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Idaho 0.4 0.0 0.0 0.4 0.0 0.0 100.0

Illinois 7.3 1.3 3.0 3.0 17.2 41.4 41.4

Indiana 3.0 1.0 0.0 2.0 33.3 0.0 66.7

Iowa 3.3 2.3 1.0 0.0 69.2 30.8 0.0

Kansas 3.5 2.0 0.0 1.5 57.1 0.0 42.9

Kentucky 10.0 1.0 2.0 7.0 10.0 20.0 70.0

Louisiana 5.0 3.5 1.0 0.5 69.7 20.2 10.1

Maine 1.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 100.0 0.0 0.0

Maryland 1.5 1.5 0.0 0.0 100.0 0.0 0.0

Massachusetts 3.1 2.4 0.8 0.0 75.8 24.2 0.0

Michigan 12.0 2.0 7.0 3.0 16.7 58.3 25.0

Minnesota 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Mississippi 8.0 1.0 7.0 0.0 12.5 87.5 0.0

Missouri 3.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 33.3 33.3 33.3

Montana 4.3 2.3 2.0 0.0 52.9 47.1 0.0

Nebraska 3.0 1.0 2.0 0.0 33.3 66.7 0.0

Nevada 2.0 0.0 2.0 0.0 0.0 100.0 0.0

New Hampshire 10.0 4.0 0.0 6.0 40.0 0.0 60.0

See footnotes at end of table.
 Table 13c.--Budgeted full-time equivalent (FTE) positions in automation/electronic network development in state library agencies, 

 by type of position and state: Fall 1998--Continued

Automation/electronic network development/telecommunications Automation/electronic network development/telecommunications

Librarians with Other Other Librarians with Other Other

State Total ALA-MLS* professionals paid staff ALA-MLS professionals paid staff

Number (in full-time equivalents) Percentage distribution

New Jersey 4.0 3.5 0.5 0.0 87.5 12.5 0.0

New Mexico 4.0 1.0 3.0 0.0 25.0 75.0 0.0

New York 1.4 1.4 0.0 0.0 100.0 0.0 0.0

North Carolina 4.0 4.0 0.0 0.0 100.0 0.0 0.0

North Dakota 1.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 100.0 0.0 0.0

Ohio 5.0 1.0 4.0 0.0 20.0 80.0 0.0

Oklahoma 6.0 2.0 1.0 3.0 33.3 16.7 50.0

Oregon 5.8 2.8 0.0 2.9 49.3 0.0 50.7

Pennsylvania 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Rhode Island 3.2 2.3 0.9 0.0 71.9 28.1 0.0

South Carolina 3.9 3.9 0.0 0.0 100.0 0.0 0.0

South Dakota 1.0 0.8 0.3 0.0 75.0 25.0 0.0

Tennessee 4.5 0.5 4.0 0.0 11.1 88.9 0.0

Texas 6.0 5.0 0.0 1.0 83.3 0.0 16.7

Utah 4.1 2.5 0.6 1.0 60.5 14.8 24.7

Vermont 2.0 1.0 1.0 0.0 50.0 50.0 0.0

Virginia 9.0 3.5 4.0 1.5 38.9 44.4 16.7

Washington 10.0 5.0 4.0 1.0 50.0 40.0 10.0

West Virginia 4.0 1.0 0.0 3.0 25.0 0.0 75.0

Wisconsin 7.8 3.3 4.0 0.5 41.9 51.6 6.5

Wyoming 7.0 4.0 0.0 3.0 57.1 0.0 42.9

* Librarians with master's degrees from programs of library and information studies accredited by the American Library Association.

NOTES: 1. Number of staff represent staff on the payroll as of October 1, 1998, and unfilled but budgeted positions.

 2. Because of rounding, detail may not add to totals.

 3. Percentages may not sum to 100.0 due to rounding.

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, State Library Agencies Survey, Fiscal Year 1998.
 Table 13d.--Budgeted full-time equivalent (FTE) positions in blind and physically handicapped services in state library agencies, 

 by type of position and state: Fall 1998

Blind and physically handicapped services Blind and physically handicapped services

Librarians with Other Other Librarians with Other Other

State Total ALA-MLS* professionals paid staff ALA-MLS professionals paid staff

Number (in full-time equivalents) Percentage distribution

50 States and DC 483.7 84.7 41.1 357.9 17.5 8.5 74.0

Alabama 10.0 3.0 0.0 7.0 30.0 0.0 70.0

Alaska 2.1 0.1 0.0 2.0 4.8 0.0 95.2

Arizona 22.0 6.0 5.0 11.0 27.3 22.7 50.0

Arkansas 9.0 2.0 1.0 6.0 22.2 11.1 66.7

California 21.0 3.0 0.0 18.0 14.3 0.0 85.7

Colorado 11.5 2.0 1.0 8.5 17.4 8.7 73.9

Connecticut 11.0 2.0 0.0 9.0 18.2 0.0 81.8

Delaware 3.5 0.5 1.0 2.0 14.3 28.6 57.1

District of Columbia 1.3 0.3 1.0 0.0 20.0 80.0 0.0

Florida 0.3 0.1 0.1 0.1 40.0 40.0 20.0

Georgia 4.2 1.2 0.0 3.0 28.6 0.0 71.4

Hawaii 12.0 2.0 0.0 10.0 16.7 0.0 83.3

Idaho 9.0 1.0 0.0 8.0 11.1 0.0 88.9

Illinois 1.5 1.0 0.5 0.0 66.7 33.3 0.0

Indiana 13.0 1.0 1.0 11.0 7.7 7.7 84.6

Iowa 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Kansas 5.0 1.0 0.0 4.0 20.0 0.0 80.0

Kentucky 13.0 4.0 1.0 8.0 30.8 7.7 61.5

Louisiana 13.0 3.0 0.0 10.0 23.1 0.0 76.9

Maine 6.0 0.5 0.0 5.5 8.3 0.0 91.7

Maryland 17.0 5.0 0.0 12.0 29.4 0.0 70.6

Massachusetts 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Michigan 11.0 1.0 3.0 7.0 9.1 27.3 63.6

Minnesota 10.5 2.0 0.0 8.5 19.0 0.0 81.0

Mississippi 8.0 2.0 4.0 2.0 25.0 50.0 25.0

Missouri 23.0 4.0 1.0 18.0 17.4 4.3 78.3

Montana 6.0 1.0 1.0 4.0 16.7 16.7 66.7

Nebraska 12.5 2.0 3.0 7.5 16.0 24.0 60.0

Nevada 4.0 1.0 0.0 3.0 25.0 0.0 75.0

New Hampshire 5.0 1.0 0.0 4.0 20.0 0.0 80.0

See footnotes at end of table.
 Table 13d.--Budgeted full-time equivalent (FTE) positions in blind and physically handicapped services in state library agencies, 

 by type of position and state: Fall 1998--Continued

Blind and physically handicapped services Blind and physically handicapped services

Librarians with Other Other Librarians with Other Other

State Total ALA-MLS* professionals paid staff ALA-MLS professionals paid staff

Number (in full-time equivalents) Percentage distribution

New Jersey 24.0 3.0 1.0 20.0 12.5 4.2 83.3

New Mexico 7.5 1.0 0.0 6.5 13.3 0.0 86.7

New York 17.8 4.3 0.0 13.5 24.3 0.0 75.7

North Carolina 33.3 1.0 1.0 31.3 3.0 3.0 94.0

North Dakota 4.0 1.0 1.0 2.0 25.0 25.0 50.0

Ohio 4.8 0.8 0.0 4.0 15.8 0.0 84.2

Oklahoma 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Oregon 8.8 1.3 0.0 7.5 14.8 0.0 85.2

Pennsylvania 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Rhode Island 4.1 2.3 0.0 1.8 56.1 0.0 43.9

South Carolina 8.4 1.9 0.0 6.6 22.3 0.0 77.7

South Dakota 7.0 0.0 1.5 5.5 0.0 21.4 78.6

Tennessee 15.0 3.0 0.0 12.0 20.0 0.0 80.0

Texas 52.0 7.0 11.0 34.0 13.5 21.2 65.4

Utah 25.2 4.0 1.0 20.2 15.9 4.0 80.2

Vermont 2.5 0.5 1.0 1.0 20.0 40.0 40.0

Virginia 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Washington 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

West Virginia 4.0 1.0 0.0 3.0 25.0 0.0 75.0

Wisconsin 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Wyoming 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

* Librarians with master's degrees from programs of library and information studies accredited by the American Library Association.

NOTES: 1. Number of staff represent staff on the payroll as of October 1, 1998, and unfilled but budgeted positions.

 2. Because of rounding, detail may not add to totals.

 3. Percentages may not sum to 100.0 due to rounding.

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, State Library Agencies Survey, Fiscal Year 1998.
 Table 13e.--Budgeted full-time equivalent (FTE) positions in children's/young adult services in state library agencies, 

 by type of position and state: Fall 1998

Children's/young adult services Children's/young adult services

Librarians with Other Other Librarians with Other Other

State Total ALA-MLS* professionals paid staff ALA-MLS professionals paid staff

Number (in full-time equivalents) Percentage distribution

50 States and DC 38.4 30.5 0.0 7.9 79.4 0.0 20.6

Alabama 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Alaska 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Arizona 0.3 0.3 0.0 0.0 100.0 0.0 0.0

Arkansas 0.5 0.5 0.0 0.0 100.0 0.0 0.0

California 1.5 1.0 0.0 0.5 66.7 0.0 33.3

Colorado 1.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 100.0 0.0 0.0

Connecticut 2.0 2.0 0.0 0.0 100.0 0.0 0.0

Delaware 0.2 0.1 0.0 0.1 50.0 0.0 50.0

District of Columbia 0.3 0.3 0.0 0.0 100.0 0.0 0.0

Florida 0.8 0.5 0.0 0.3 66.7 0.0 33.3

Georgia 1.0 0.8 0.0 0.2 84.2 0.0 15.8

Hawaii 7.0 5.0 0.0 2.0 71.4 0.0 28.6

Idaho 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Illinois 1.4 0.4 0.0 1.0 28.6 0.0 71.4

Indiana 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Iowa 0.8 0.8 0.0 0.0 100.0 0.0 0.0

Kansas 0.2 0.2 0.0 0.0 100.0 0.0 0.0

Kentucky 1.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 100.0 0.0 0.0

Louisiana 1.3 1.0 0.0 0.3 80.0 0.0 20.0

Maine 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Maryland 0.5 0.5 0.0 0.0 100.0 0.0 0.0

Massachusetts 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Michigan 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Minnesota 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Mississippi 1.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 100.0 0.0 0.0

Missouri 1.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 100.0 0.0 0.0

Montana 0.3 0.3 0.0 0.0 100.0 0.0 0.0

Nebraska 0.8 0.8 0.0 0.0 100.0 0.0 0.0

Nevada 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

New Hampshire 1.5 0.5 0.0 1.0 33.3 0.0 66.7

See footnotes at end of table.
 Table 13e.--Budgeted full-time equivalent (FTE) positions in children's/young adult services in state library agencies, 

 by type of position and state: Fall 1998--Continued

Children's/young adult services Children's/young adult services

Librarians with Other Other Librarians with Other Other

State Total ALA-MLS* professionals paid staff ALA-MLS professionals paid staff

Number (in full-time equivalents) Percentage distribution

New Jersey 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

New Mexico 1.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 100.0 0.0 0.0

New York 0.7 0.7 0.0 0.0 100.0 0.0 0.0

North Carolina 2.0 1.0 0.0 1.0 50.0 0.0 50.0

North Dakota 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Ohio 1.5 1.3 0.0 0.3 83.3 0.0 16.7

Oklahoma 1.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 100.0 0.0 0.0

Oregon 0.9 0.8 0.0 0.2 83.3 0.0 16.7

Pennsylvania 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Rhode Island 0.8 0.7 0.0 0.1 87.5 0.0 12.5

South Carolina 0.9 0.9 0.0 0.0 100.0 0.0 0.0

South Dakota 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.0 100.0 0.0 0.0

Tennessee 0.3 0.3 0.0 0.0 100.0 0.0 0.0

Texas 1.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 100.0 0.0 0.0

Utah 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.0 100.0 0.0 0.0

Vermont 2.0 1.0 0.0 1.0 50.0 0.0 50.0

Virginia 1.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 100.0 0.0 0.0

Washington 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

West Virginia 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Wisconsin 0.6 0.5 0.0 0.1 83.3 0.0 16.7

Wyoming 0.6 0.5 0.0 0.1 90.9 0.0 9.1

* Librarians with master's degrees from programs of library and information studies accredited by the American Library Association.

NOTES: 1. Number of staff represent staff on the payroll as of October 1, 1998, and unfilled but budgeted positions.

 2. Because of rounding, detail may not add to totals.

 3. Percentages may not sum to 100.0 due to rounding.

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, State Library Agencies Survey, Fiscal Year 1998.
 Table 13f.--Budgeted full-time equivalent (FTE) positions in institutional library services in state library agencies, 

 by type of position and state: Fall 1998

Institutional library services Institutional library services 

Librarians with Other Other Librarians with Other Other

State Total ALA-MLS* professionals paid staff ALA-MLS professionals paid staff

Number (in full-time equivalents) Percentage distribution

50 States and DC 62.4 31.7 5.9 24.8 50.8 9.4 39.8

Alabama 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Alaska 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Arizona 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Arkansas 0.5 0.5 0.0 0.0 100.0 0.0 0.0

California 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Colorado 5.5 4.5 1.0 0.0 81.8 18.2 0.0

Connecticut 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Delaware 0.4 0.0 0.4 0.0 0.0 100.0 0.0

District of Columbia 0.3 0.3 0.0 0.0 100.0 0.0 0.0

Florida 0.2 0.2 0.0 0.1 75.0 0.0 25.0

Georgia 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Hawaii 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Idaho 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Illinois 0.4 0.0 0.4 0.0 0.0 100.0 0.0

Indiana 0.5 0.5 0.0 0.0 100.0 0.0 0.0

Iowa 0.2 0.2 0.0 0.0 100.0 0.0 0.0

Kansas 0.2 0.2 0.0 0.0 100.0 0.0 0.0

Kentucky 13.0 1.0 4.0 8.0 7.7 30.8 61.5

Louisiana 0.8 0.5 0.0 0.3 62.5 0.0 37.5

Maine 0.3 0.3 0.0 0.0 100.0 0.0 0.0

Maryland 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Massachusetts 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Michigan 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Minnesota 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Mississippi 0.5 0.5 0.0 0.0 100.0 0.0 0.0

Missouri 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Montana 0.4 0.4 0.0 0.0 100.0 0.0 0.0

Nebraska 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.0 100.0 0.0 0.0

Nevada 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

New Hampshire 1.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 100.0 0.0 0.0

See footnotes at end of table.
 Table 13f.--Budgeted full-time equivalent (FTE) positions in institutional library services in state library agencies, 

 by type of position and state: Fall 1998--Continued

Institutional library services Institutional library services 

Librarians with Other Other Librarians with Other Other

State Total ALA-MLS* professionals paid staff ALA-MLS professionals paid staff

Number (in full-time equivalents) Percentage distribution

New Jersey 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

New Mexico 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.0 100.0 0.0 0.0

New York 1.1 1.1 0.0 0.0 100.0 0.0 0.0

North Carolina 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

North Dakota 0.5 0.5 0.0 0.0 100.0 0.0 0.0

Ohio 0.7 0.5 0.0 0.2 76.9 0.0 23.1

Oklahoma 0.5 0.5 0.0 0.0 100.0 0.0 0.0

Oregon 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Pennsylvania 0.8 0.8 0.0 0.0 100.0 0.0 0.0

Rhode Island 0.8 0.7 0.0 0.1 87.5 0.0 12.5

South Carolina 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

South Dakota 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Tennessee 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Texas 1.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 100.0 0.0 0.0

Utah 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Vermont 1.5 0.5 0.0 1.0 33.3 0.0 66.7

Virginia 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Washington 28.0 13.5 0.0 14.5 48.2 0.0 51.8

West Virginia 1.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 100.0 0.0 0.0

Wisconsin 1.9 1.5 0.0 0.4 79.8 0.0 20.2

Wyoming 0.5 0.1 0.1 0.4 11.1 11.1 77.8

* Librarians with master's degrees from programs of library and information studies accredited by the American Library Association.

NOTES: 1. Number of staff represent staff on the payroll as of October 1, 1998, and unfilled but budgeted positions.

 2. Because of rounding, detail may not add to totals.

 3. Percentages may not sum to 100.0 due to rounding.

 4. Institutional library services--Includes providing books, other library materials, and access to other information resources as well as other library services 

 to residents of prisons, reformatories, and other correctional institutions; patients or residents of residential training schools, hospitals, nursing homes; and 

 other general or special institutions operated or substantially supported by the state.

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, State Library Agencies Survey, Fiscal Year 1998.
 Table 13g.--Budgeted full-time equivalent (FTE) positions in library statistics in state library agencies,

 by type of position and state: Fall 1998

Library statistics Library statistics

Librarians with Other Other Librarians with Other Other

State Total ALA-MLS* professionals paid staff ALA-MLS professionals paid staff

Number (in full-time equivalents) Percentage distribution

50 States and DC 37.7 18.5 8.4 10.8 49.1 22.3 28.6

Alabama 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Alaska 0.5 0.5 0.0 0.0 100.0 0.0 0.0

Arizona 0.3 0.3 0.0 0.0 100.0 0.0 0.0

Arkansas 0.3 0.3 0.0 0.0 100.0 0.0 0.0

California 1.5 1.0 0.0 0.5 66.7 0.0 33.3

Colorado 2.1 0.0 1.8 0.3 0.0 85.4 14.6

Connecticut 1.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 100.0 0.0 0.0

Delaware 0.3 0.0 0.3 0.0 0.0 100.0 0.0

District of Columbia 0.3 0.3 0.0 0.0 100.0 0.0 0.0

Florida 0.2 0.2 0.0 0.1 75.0 0.0 25.0

Georgia 0.5 0.2 0.1 0.2 40.0 20.0 40.0

Hawaii 2.0 1.0 1.0 0.0 50.0 50.0 0.0

Idaho 0.2 0.1 0.0 0.1 66.7 0.0 33.3

Illinois 0.8 0.8 0.0 0.0 100.0 0.0 0.0

Indiana 0.5 0.5 0.0 0.0 100.0 0.0 0.0

Iowa 0.5 0.3 0.0 0.2 60.0 0.0 40.0

Kansas 0.3 0.3 0.0 0.0 100.0 0.0 0.0

Kentucky 1.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 100.0 0.0 0.0

Louisiana 0.5 0.3 0.0 0.3 50.0 0.0 50.0

Maine 1.3 0.3 0.0 1.0 20.0 0.0 80.0

Maryland 0.5 0.3 0.0 0.2 60.0 0.0 40.0

Massachusetts 2.3 1.3 0.5 0.5 55.6 22.2 22.2

Michigan 0.5 0.0 0.5 0.0 0.0 100.0 0.0

Minnesota 0.3 0.3 0.0 0.0 100.0 0.0 0.0

Mississippi 0.5 0.5 0.0 0.0 100.0 0.0 0.0

Missouri 0.5 0.3 0.0 0.3 50.0 0.0 50.0

Montana 0.8 0.0 0.8 0.0 0.0 100.0 0.0

Nebraska 0.3 0.3 0.0 0.0 100.0 0.0 0.0

Nevada 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.0 100.0 0.0 0.0

New Hampshire 2.0 1.0 0.0 1.0 50.0 0.0 50.0

See footnotes at end of table.
 Table 13g.--Budgeted full-time equivalent (FTE) positions in library statistics in state library agencies,

 by type of position and state: Fall 1998--Continued

Library statistics Library statistics

Librarians with Other Other Librarians with Other Other

State Total ALA-MLS* professionals paid staff ALA-MLS professionals paid staff

Number (in full-time equivalents) Percentage distribution

New Jersey 1.0 0.5 0.0 0.5 50.0 0.0 50.0

New Mexico 0.3 0.3 0.0 0.0 100.0 0.0 0.0

New York 1.4 0.1 0.8 0.5 6.6 58.8 34.6

North Carolina 0.5 0.3 0.0 0.3 50.0 0.0 50.0

North Dakota 0.3 0.0 0.0 0.3 0.0 0.0 100.0

Ohio 1.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 100.0

Oklahoma 1.5 1.0 0.5 0.0 66.7 33.3 0.0

Oregon 1.1 0.7 0.0 0.4 63.6 0.0 36.4

Pennsylvania 1.0 0.0 0.5 0.5 0.0 50.0 50.0

Rhode Island 2.0 0.2 0.0 1.8 10.0 0.0 90.0

South Carolina 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.0 100.0 0.0 0.0

South Dakota 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.0 100.0 0.0 0.0

Tennessee 0.5 0.5 0.0 0.0 100.0 0.0 0.0

Texas 2.0 1.0 0.0 1.0 50.0 0.0 50.0

Utah 0.4 0.4 0.0 0.0 100.0 0.0 0.0

Vermont 0.3 0.3 0.0 0.0 100.0 0.0 0.0

Virginia 0.5 0.5 0.0 0.0 100.0 0.0 0.0

Washington 1.0 0.5 0.5 0.0 50.0 50.0 0.0

West Virginia 1.0 0.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 100.0 0.0

Wisconsin 0.3 0.0 0.3 0.0 0.0 100.0 0.0

Wyoming 0.2 0.1 0.0 0.1 50.0 0.0 50.0

* Librarians with master's degrees from programs of library and information studies accredited by the American Library Association.

NOTES: 1. Number of staff represent staff on the payroll as of October 1, 1998, and unfilled but budgeted positions.

 2. Because of rounding, detail may not add to totals.

 3. Percentages may not sum to 100.0 due to rounding.

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, State Library Agencies Survey, Fiscal Year 1998.
 Table 13h.--Budgeted full-time equivalent (FTE) positions in literacy program support in state library agencies, 

 by type of position and state: Fall 1998

Literacy program support Literacy program support

Librarians with Other Other Librarians with Other Other

State Total ALA-MLS* professionals paid staff ALA-MLS professionals paid staff

Number (in full-time equivalents) Percentage distribution

50 States and DC 34.6 6.0 16.3 12.2 17.5 47.2 35.3

Alabama 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Alaska 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Arizona 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.0 100.0 0.0 0.0

Arkansas 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

California 2.5 0.0 2.0 0.5 0.0 80.0 20.0

Colorado 0.3 0.0 0.3 0.0 0.0 100.0 0.0

Connecticut 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Delaware 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.0 100.0 0.0 0.0

District of Columbia 1.3 0.3 1.0 0.0 20.0 80.0 0.0

Florida 0.2 0.1 0.0 0.1 66.7 0.0 33.3

Georgia 0.2 0.2 0.0 0.0 100.0 0.0 0.0

Hawaii 1.0 0.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 100.0 0.0

Idaho 1.5 0.0 1.0 0.5 0.0 66.7 33.3

Illinois 11.8 0.0 6.0 5.8 0.0 51.1 48.9

Indiana 0.5 0.5 0.0 0.0 100.0 0.0 0.0

Iowa 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.0 100.0 0.0 0.0

Kansas 1.0 0.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 100.0 0.0

Kentucky 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Louisiana 0.5 0.3 0.0 0.2 60.0 0.0 40.0

Maine 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.0 100.0 0.0 0.0

Maryland 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Massachusetts 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Michigan 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Minnesota 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Mississippi 1.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 100.0 0.0 0.0

Missouri 1.0 0.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 100.0 0.0

Montana 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Nebraska 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.0 100.0 0.0 0.0

Nevada 2.0 0.0 1.0 1.0 0.0 50.0 50.0

New Hampshire 0.5 0.5 0.0 0.0 100.0 0.0 0.0

See footnotes at end of table.
 Table 13h.--Budgeted full-time equivalent (FTE) positions in literacy program support in state library agencies, 

 by type of position and state: Fall 1998--Continued

Literacy program support Literacy program support

Librarians with Other Other Librarians with Other Other

State Total ALA-MLS* professionals paid staff ALA-MLS professionals paid staff

Number (in full-time equivalents) Percentage distribution

New Jersey 0.5 0.5 0.0 0.0 100.0 0.0 0.0

New Mexico 0.3 0.3 0.0 0.0 100.0 0.0 0.0

New York 0.2 0.2 0.0 0.0 100.0 0.0 0.0

North Carolina 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

North Dakota 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Ohio 0.6 0.3 0.0 0.4 41.7 0.0 58.3

Oklahoma 2.0 0.0 1.0 1.0 0.0 50.0 50.0

Oregon 0.2 0.2 0.0 0.1 75.0 0.0 25.0

Pennsylvania 2.0 0.0 1.0 1.0 0.0 50.0 50.0

Rhode Island 2.0 0.2 0.0 1.8 10.0 0.0 90.0

South Carolina 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

South Dakota 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Tennessee 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Texas 1.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 100.0 0.0 0.0

Utah 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Vermont 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Virginia 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Washington 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

West Virginia 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Wisconsin 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.0 100.0 0.0 0.0

Wyoming 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 25.0 25.0 50.0

* Librarians with master's degrees from programs of library and information studies accredited by the American Library Association.

NOTES: 1. Number of staff represent staff on the payroll as of October 1, 1998, and unfilled but budgeted positions.

 2. Because of rounding, detail may not add to totals.

 3. Percentages may not sum to 100.0 due to rounding.

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, State Library Agencies Survey, Fiscal Year 1998.
 Table 13i.--Budgeted full-time equivalent (FTE) positions in marketing/communications in state library agencies,

 by type of position and state: Fall 1998

Marketing/communications Marketing/communications

Librarians with Other Other Librarians with Other Other

State Total ALA-MLS* professionals paid staff ALA-MLS professionals paid staff

Number (in full-time equivalents) Percentage distribution

50 States and DC 40.3 8.4 24.2 7.7 20.9 60.0 19.1

Alabama 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Alaska 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Arizona 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Arkansas 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

California 0.3 0.3 0.0 0.0 100.0 0.0 0.0

Colorado 1.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 100.0

Connecticut 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Delaware 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

District of Columbia 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.0 50.0 50.0 0.0

Florida 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Georgia 0.3 0.0 0.3 0.0 0.0 100.0 0.0

Hawaii 1.0 0.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 100.0 0.0

Idaho 0.8 0.0 0.5 0.3 0.0 66.7 33.3

Illinois 2.5 0.5 1.0 1.0 20.0 40.0 40.0

Indiana 3.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 33.3 33.3 33.3

Iowa 1.0 0.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 100.0 0.0

Kansas 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Kentucky 5.0 2.0 3.0 0.0 40.0 60.0 0.0

Louisiana 1.3 0.0 1.0 0.3 0.0 80.0 20.0

Maine 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Maryland 1.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 100.0 0.0 0.0

Massachusetts 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Michigan 2.0 0.0 1.0 1.0 0.0 50.0 50.0

Minnesota 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Mississippi 3.0 0.0 3.0 0.0 0.0 100.0 0.0

Missouri 1.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 100.0 0.0 0.0

Montana 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Nebraska 2.0 0.0 2.0 0.0 0.0 100.0 0.0

Nevada 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

New Hampshire 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

See footnotes at end of table.
 Table 13i.--Budgeted full-time equivalent (FTE) positions in marketing/communications in state library agencies,

 by type of position and state: Fall 1998--Continued

Marketing/communications Marketing/communications

Librarians with Other Other Librarians with Other Other

State Total ALA-MLS* professionals paid staff ALA-MLS professionals paid staff

Number (in full-time equivalents) Percentage distribution

New Jersey 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

New Mexico 1.0 0.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 100.0 0.0

New York 1.0 0.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 100.0 0.0

North Carolina 0.5 0.5 0.0 0.0 100.0 0.0 0.0

North Dakota 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Ohio 1.0 0.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 100.0 0.0

Oklahoma 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Oregon 1.0 0.8 0.0 0.2 80.0 0.0 20.0

Pennsylvania 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Rhode Island 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

South Carolina 0.6 0.0 0.6 0.0 0.0 100.0 0.0

South Dakota 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Tennessee 0.3 0.3 0.0 0.0 100.0 0.0 0.0

Texas 2.8 0.0 2.8 0.0 0.0 100.0 0.0

Utah 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Vermont 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Virginia 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Washington 2.0 1.0 0.0 1.0 50.0 0.0 50.0

West Virginia 3.0 0.0 1.0 2.0 0.0 33.3 66.7

Wisconsin 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Wyoming 2.0 0.0 2.0 0.0 0.0 100.0 0.0

* Librarians with master's degrees from programs of library and information studies accredited by the American Library Association.

NOTES: 1. Number of staff represent staff on the payroll as of October 1, 1998, and unfilled but budgeted positions.

 2. Because of rounding, detail may not add to totals.

 3. Percentages may not sum to 100.0 due to rounding.

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, State Library Agencies Survey, Fiscal Year 1998.
 Table 14a--Total paid employees in state library agencies, by employment status, gender, and state: Fiscal year 1998 

Total paid employees

Total Full-time Part-time

State Total Men Women Total Men Women Total Men Women

Number (headcount)

50 States and DC 3,658 1,136 2,522 3,443 1,073 2,370 215 63 152

Alabama 54 12 42 52 12 40 2 0 2

Alaska 36 11 25 36 11 25 0 0 0

Arizona 118 33 85 111 33 78 7 0 7

Arkansas 54 12 42 53 12 41 1 0 1

California 192 58 134 188 58 130 4 0 4

Colorado 41 15 26 33 11 22 8 4 4

Connecticut 120 50 70 116 48 68 4 2 2

Delaware 21 7 14 20 7 13 1 0 1

District of Columbia 8 1 7 8 1 7 0 0 0

Florida 110 44 66 105 44 61 5 0 5

Georgia 24 8 16 23 8 15 1 0 1

Hawaii 89 19 70 85 17 68 4 2 2

Idaho 40 8 32 37 8 29 3 0 3

Illinois 104 21 83 102 20 82 2 1 1

Indiana 70 21 49 67 20 47 3 1 2

Iowa 33 4 29 32 4 28 1 0 1

Kansas 24 6 18 24 6 18 0 0 0

Kentucky 159 41 118 158 41 117 1 0 1

Louisiana 80 23 57 80 23 57 0 0 0

Maine 58 11 47 58 11 47 0 0 0

Maryland 25 3 22 25 3 22 0 0 0

Massachusetts 32 9 23 30 9 21 2 0 2

Michigan 96 28 68 96 28 68 0 0 0

Minnesota 23 5 18 22 4 18 1 1 0

Mississippi 65 16 49 65 16 49 0 0 0

Missouri 39 14 25 36 13 23 3 1 2

Montana 38 12 26 37 12 25 1 0 1

Nebraska 47 11 36 42 10 32 5 1 4

Nevada 40 10 30 36 9 27 4 1 3

New Hampshire 53 18 35 49 17 32 4 1 3

See footnotes at end of table.
 Table 14a--Total paid employees in state library agencies, by employment status, gender, and state: Fiscal year 1998--Continued 

Total paid employees

Total Full-time Part-time

State Total Men Women Total Men Women Total Men Women

Number (headcount)

New Jersey 89 31 58 89 31 58 0 0 0

New Mexico 67 22 45 58 21 37 9 1 8

New York 188 68 120 165 65 100 23 3 20

North Carolina 92 24 68 85 24 61 7 0 7

North Dakota 28 5 23 28 5 23 0 0 0

Ohio 124 44 80 122 44 78 2 0 2

Oklahoma 74 21 53 70 19 51 4 2 2

Oregon 43 15 28 41 15 26 2 0 2

Pennsylvania 89 31 58 81 27 54 8 4 4

Rhode Island 21 7 14 21 7 14 0 0 0

South Carolina 49 16 33 48 16 32 1 0 1

South Dakota 30 4 26 29 4 25 1 0 1

Tennessee 100 35 65 100 35 65 0 0 0

Texas 208 88 120 176 70 106 32 18 14

Utah 79 39 40 68 33 35 11 6 5

Vermont 40 14 26 37 12 25 3 2 1

Virginia 201 72 129 176 63 113 25 9 16

Washington 121 30 91 109 27 82 12 3 9

West Virginia 52 21 31 52 21 31 0 0 0

Wisconsin 39 11 28 33 11 22 6 0 6

Wyoming 31 7 24 29 7 22 2 0 2

NOTES: 1. Number of staff represent staff on the payroll as of October 1, 1998. Excludes unfilled but budgeted positions.

 2. Because of rounding, detail may not add to totals.

 3. Percentages may not sum to 100.0 due to rounding.

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, State Library Agencies Survey, Fiscal Year 1998.
 Table 14b--Librarians with ALA-MLS employed in state library agencies, by employment status, gender, and state: Fiscal year 1998 

Librarians with ALA-MLS*

Total Full-time Part-time

State Total Men Women Total Men Women Total Men Women

Number (headcount)

50 States and DC 1,165 331 834 1,124 328 796 41 3 38

Alabama 19 7 12 19 7 12 0 0 0

Alaska 17 5 12 17 5 12 0 0 0

Arizona 31 8 23 31 8 23 0 0 0

Arkansas 18 5 13 18 5 13 0 0 0

California 52 17 35 49 17 32 3 0 3

Colorado 15 4 11 12 3 9 3 1 2

Connecticut 39 13 26 38 12 26 1 1 0

Delaware 7 2 5 7 2 5 0 0 0

District of Columbia 3 0 3 3 0 3 0 0 0

Florida 30 6 24 29 6 23 1 0 1

Georgia 9 3 6 8 3 5 1 0 1

Hawaii 43 8 35 41 8 33 2 0 2

Idaho 13 5 8 13 5 8 0 0 0

Illinois 32 8 24 32 8 24 0 0 0

Indiana 33 12 21 30 11 19 3 1 2

Iowa 11 4 7 11 4 7 0 0 0

Kansas 11 6 5 11 6 5 0 0 0

Kentucky 39 9 30 39 9 30 0 0 0

Louisiana 32 8 24 32 8 24 0 0 0

Maine 18 4 14 18 4 14 0 0 0

Maryland 14 2 12 14 2 12 0 0 0

Massachusetts 15 5 10 15 5 10 0 0 0

Michigan 30 11 19 30 11 19 0 0 0

Minnesota 9 2 7 9 2 7 0 0 0

Mississippi 23 5 18 23 5 18 0 0 0

Missouri 17 4 13 17 4 13 0 0 0

Montana 10 3 7 10 3 7 0 0 0

Nebraska 17 4 13 16 4 12 1 0 1

Nevada 13 0 13 11 0 11 2 0 2

New Hampshire 21 9 12 20 9 11 1 0 1

See footnotes at end of table.
 Table 14b--Librarians with ALA-MLS employed in state library agencies, by employment status, gender, and state: Fiscal year 1998 --Continued

Librarians with ALA-MLS*

Total Full-time Part-time

State Total Men Women Total Men Women Total Men Women

Number (headcount)

New Jersey 30 9 21 30 9 21 0 0 0

New Mexico 23 6 17 20 6 14 3 0 3

New York 68 25 43 58 25 33 10 0 10

North Carolina 28 4 24 27 4 23 1 0 1

North Dakota 9 3 6 9 3 6 0 0 0

Ohio 35 15 20 35 15 20 0 0 0

Oklahoma 32 3 29 31 3 28 1 0 1

Oregon 14 6 8 14 6 8 0 0 0

Pennsylvania 32 10 22 32 10 22 0 0 0

Rhode Island 12 5 7 12 5 7 0 0 0

South Carolina 23 7 16 23 7 16 0 0 0

South Dakota 7 1 6 7 1 6 0 0 0

Tennessee 21 6 15 21 6 15 0 0 0

Texas 41 8 33 41 8 33 0 0 0

Utah 14 7 7 14 7 7 0 0 0

Vermont 13 5 8 12 5 7 1 0 1

Virginia 32 13 19 32 13 19 0 0 0

Washington 46 8 38 44 8 36 2 0 2

West Virginia 12 4 8 12 4 8 0 0 0

Wisconsin 20 4 16 15 4 11 5 0 5

Wyoming 12 3 9 12 3 9 0 0 0

* Librarians with master's degrees from programs of library and information studies accredited by the American Library Association.

NOTES: 1. Number of staff represent staff on the payroll as of October 1, 1998. Excludes unfilled but budgeted positions.

 2. Because of rounding, detail may not add to totals.

 3. Percentages may not sum to 100.0 due to rounding.

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, State Library Agencies Survey, Fiscal Year 1998.
 Table 14c--Other professionals employed in state library agencies, by employment status, gender, and state: Fiscal year 1998

Other professionals

Total Full-time Part-time

State Total Men Women Total Men Women Total Men Women

Number (headcount)

50 States and DC 576 245 331 553 238 315 23 7 16

Alabama 2 1 1 2 1 1 0 0 0

Alaska 1 0 1 1 0 1 0 0 0

Arizona 21 9 12 19 9 10 2 0 2

Arkansas 10 3 7 10 3 7 0 0 0

California 25 14 11 25 14 11 0 0 0

Colorado 8 5 3 5 3 2 3 2 1

Connecticut 17 8 9 16 8 8 1 0 1

Delaware 7 4 3 7 4 3 0 0 0

District of Columbia 3 0 3 3 0 3 0 0 0

Florida 19 12 7 17 12 5 2 0 2

Georgia 6 4 2 6 4 2 0 0 0

Hawaii 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Idaho 2 1 1 2 1 1 0 0 0

Illinois 19 4 15 19 4 15 0 0 0

Indiana 3 1 2 3 1 2 0 0 0

Iowa 22 0 22 21 0 21 1 0 1

Kansas 2 0 2 2 0 2 0 0 0

Kentucky 42 18 24 42 18 24 0 0 0

Louisiana 3 1 2 3 1 2 0 0 0

Maine 1 0 1 1 0 1 0 0 0

Maryland 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Massachusetts 8 2 6 8 2 6 0 0 0

Michigan 24 9 15 24 9 15 0 0 0

Minnesota 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Mississippi 22 6 16 22 6 16 0 0 0

Missouri 4 1 3 4 1 3 0 0 0

Montana 18 8 10 18 8 10 0 0 0

Nebraska 15 3 12 14 3 11 1 0 1

Nevada 11 6 5 11 6 5 0 0 0

New Hampshire 3 1 2 2 0 2 1 1 0

See footnotes at end of table.
 Table 14c--Other professionals employed in state library agencies, by employment status, gender, and state: Fiscal year 1998--Continued

Other professionals

Total Full-time Part-time

State Total Men Women Total Men Women Total Men Women

Number (headcount)

New Jersey 5 2 3 5 2 3 0 0 0

New Mexico 4 2 2 4 2 2 0 0 0

New York 8 1 7 8 1 7 0 0 0

North Carolina 1 0 1 1 0 1 0 0 0

North Dakota 6 2 4 6 2 4 0 0 0

Ohio 16 9 7 16 9 7 0 0 0

Oklahoma 13 10 3 12 10 2 1 0 1

Oregon 7 3 4 6 3 3 1 0 1

Pennsylvania 6 1 5 6 1 5 0 0 0

Rhode Island 4 1 3 4 1 3 0 0 0

South Carolina 4 0 4 3 0 3 1 0 1

South Dakota 3 2 1 3 2 1 0 0 0

Tennessee 16 6 10 16 6 10 0 0 0

Texas 34 15 19 33 15 18 1 0 1

Utah 20 18 2 16 15 1 4 3 1

Vermont 9 4 5 9 4 5 0 0 0

Virginia 68 33 35 67 33 34 1 0 1

Washington 17 8 9 14 7 7 3 1 2

West Virginia 8 3 5 8 3 5 0 0 0

Wisconsin 5 3 2 5 3 2 0 0 0

Wyoming 4 1 3 4 1 3 0 0 0

NOTES: 1. Number of staff represent staff on the payroll as of October 1, 1998. Excludes unfilled but budgeted positions.

 2. Because of rounding, detail may not add to totals.

 3. Percentages may not sum to 100.0 due to rounding.

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, State Library Agencies Survey, Fiscal Year 1998.
 Table 14d--Other paid staff employed in state library agencies, by employment status, gender, and state: Fiscal year 1998 

Other paid staff

Total Full-time Part-time

State Total Men Women Total Men Women Total Men Women

Number (headcount)

50 States and DC 1,917 560 1,357 1,766 507 1,259 151 53 98

Alabama 33 4 29 31 4 27 2 0 2

Alaska 18 6 12 18 6 12 0 0 0

Arizona 66 16 50 61 16 45 5 0 5

Arkansas 26 4 22 25 4 21 1 0 1

California 115 27 88 114 27 87 1 0 1

Colorado 18 6 12 16 5 11 2 1 1

Connecticut 64 29 35 62 28 34 2 1 1

Delaware 7 1 6 6 1 5 1 0 1

District of Columbia 2 1 1 2 1 1 0 0 0

Florida 61 26 35 59 26 33 2 0 2

Georgia 9 1 8 9 1 8 0 0 0

Hawaii 46 11 35 44 9 35 2 2 0

Idaho 25 2 23 22 2 20 3 0 3

Illinois 53 9 44 51 8 43 2 1 1

Indiana 34 8 26 34 8 26 0 0 0

Iowa 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Kansas 11 0 11 11 0 11 0 0 0

Kentucky 78 14 64 77 14 63 1 0 1

Louisiana 45 14 31 45 14 31 0 0 0

Maine 39 7 32 39 7 32 0 0 0

Maryland 11 1 10 11 1 10 0 0 0

Massachusetts 9 2 7 7 2 5 2 0 2

Michigan 42 8 34 42 8 34 0 0 0

Minnesota 14 3 11 13 2 11 1 1 0

Mississippi 20 5 15 20 5 15 0 0 0

Missouri 18 9 9 15 8 7 3 1 2

Montana 10 1 9 9 1 8 1 0 1

Nebraska 15 4 11 12 3 9 3 1 2

Nevada 16 4 12 14 3 11 2 1 1

New Hampshire 29 8 21 27 8 19 2 0 2

See footnotes at end of table.
 Table 14d--Other paid staff employed in state library agencies, by employment status, gender, and state: Fiscal year 1998--Continued 

Other paid staff

Total Full-time Part-time

State Total Men Women Total Men Women Total Men Women

Number (headcount)

New Jersey 54 20 34 54 20 34 0 0 0

New Mexico 40 14 26 34 13 21 6 1 5

New York 112 42 70 99 39 60 13 3 10

North Carolina 63 20 43 57 20 37 6 0 6

North Dakota 13 0 13 13 0 13 0 0 0

Ohio 73 20 53 71 20 51 2 0 2

Oklahoma 29 8 21 27 6 21 2 2 0

Oregon 22 6 16 21 6 15 1 0 1

Pennsylvania 51 20 31 43 16 27 8 4 4

Rhode Island 5 1 4 5 1 4 0 0 0

South Carolina 22 9 13 22 9 13 0 0 0

South Dakota 20 1 19 19 1 18 1 0 1

Tennessee 63 23 40 63 23 40 0 0 0

Texas 133 65 68 102 47 55 31 18 13

Utah 45 14 31 38 11 27 7 3 4

Vermont 18 5 13 16 3 13 2 2 0

Virginia 101 26 75 77 17 60 24 9 15

Washington 58 14 44 51 12 39 7 2 5

West Virginia 32 14 18 32 14 18 0 0 0

Wisconsin 14 4 10 13 4 9 1 0 1

Wyoming 15 3 12 13 3 10 2 0 2

NOTES: 1. Number of staff represent staff on the payroll as of October 1, 1998. Excludes unfilled but budgeted positions.

 2. Because of rounding, detail may not add to totals.

 3. Percentages may not sum to 100.0 due to rounding.

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, State Library Agencies Survey, Fiscal Year 1998.
 Table 15.--Total income of state library agencies, by source of income, and state: Fiscal year 1998

Total income, by source Total income, by source

State Total Federal 1

State 2 Other 3

Federal State Other

In thousands of dollars Percentage distribution

50 States and DC $886,246 $147,997 $720,397 $17,853 16.7 81.3 2.0

Alabama 10,082 2,325 7,757 0 23.1 76.9 0.0

Alaska 4,360 605 3,755 0 13.9 86.1 0.0

Arizona 12,672 5,792 6,455 425 45.7 50.9 3.4

Arkansas 7,598 1,626 5,972 0 21.4 78.6 0.0

California 57,510 14,304 42,781 425 24.9 74.4 0.7

Colorado 7,436 2,059 5,337 40 27.7 71.8 0.5

Connecticut 21,144 2,443 14,165 4,536 11.6 67.0 21.5

Delaware 3,271 807 2,465 0 24.7 75.3 0.0

District of Columbia 936 638 297 0 68.2 31.8 0.0

Florida 43,647 6,658 36,989 0 15.3 84.7 0.0

Georgia 43,654 4,274 39,380 0 9.8 90.2 0.0

Hawaii 4,189 857 3,332 0 20.5 79.5 0.0

Idaho 3,420 880 2,517 24 25.7 73.6 0.7

Illinois 73,448 5,511 63,152 4,785 7.5 86.0 6.5

Indiana 11,166 2,889 7,873 404 25.9 70.5 3.6

Iowa 4,135 1,704 2,432 0 41.2 58.8 0.0

Kansas 6,140 1,463 4,678 0 23.8 76.2 0.0

Kentucky 16,345 2,035 13,188 1,122 12.5 80.7 6.9

Louisiana 6,179 2,239 3,916 25 36.2 63.4 0.4

Maine 3,185 883 2,303 0 27.7 72.3 0.0

Maryland 29,810 2,554 27,256 0 8.6 91.4 0.0

Massachusetts 45,948 3,314 42,633 0 7.2 92.8 0.0

Michigan 35,981 4,701 31,185 95 13.1 86.7 0.3

Minnesota 17,146 2,549 14,579 17 14.9 85.0 0.1

Mississippi 10,130 1,525 8,605 0 15.1 84.9 0.0

Missouri 7,737 2,691 5,046 0 34.8 65.2 0.0

Montana 3,402 1,019 2,305 78 29.9 67.7 2.3

Nebraska 4,086 1,061 2,814 211 26.0 68.9 5.2

Nevada 6,205 1,040 4,878 287 16.8 78.6 4.6

New Hampshire 2,689 847 1,749 93 31.5 65.0 3.4

See footnotes at end of table.
 Table 15.--Total income of state library agencies, by source of income, and state: Fiscal year 1998--Continued

Total income, by source Total income, by source

State Total Federal 1

State 2 Other 3

Federal State Other

In thousands of dollars Percentage distribution

New Jersey $20,230 $3,826 $16,403 $0 18.9 81.1 0.0

New Mexico 4,316 1,088 3,228 0 25.2 74.8 0.0

New York 107,258 9,601 97,466 191 9.0 90.9 0.2

North Carolina 24,925 3,930 20,855 140 15.8 83.7 0.6

North Dakota 1,923 621 1,302 0 32.3 67.7 0.0

Ohio 22,103 5,587 15,857 659 25.3 71.7 3.0

Oklahoma 8,817 2,630 6,187 0 29.8 70.2 0.0

Oregon 5,878 1,777 3,952 149 30.2 67.2 2.5

Pennsylvania 49,943 6,166 43,777 0 12.3 87.7 0.0

Rhode Island 6,001 772 5,229 0 12.9 87.1 0.0

South Carolina 10,872 2,406 8,456 10 22.1 77.8 0.1

South Dakota 2,238 692 1,521 26 30.9 67.9 1.2

Tennessee 14,000 2,889 10,874 238 20.6 77.7 1.7

Texas 21,315 9,310 12,005 0 43.7 56.3 0.0

Utah 6,112 1,679 3,499 934 27.5 57.3 15.3

Vermont 2,449 679 1,706 65 27.7 69.6 2.6

Virginia 30,626 3,768 24,879 1,979 12.3 81.2 6.5

Washington 10,435 2,755 7,680 0 26.4 73.6 0.0

West Virginia 10,596 1,137 9,337 122 10.7 88.1 1.2

Wisconsin 20,695 4,791 15,362 542 23.2 74.2 2.6

Wyoming 1,858 600 1,026 231 32.3 55.2 12.5

1

 Federal income includes State Program grant awards under the Library Services and Technology Act (LSTA) (P.L. 104-208); income reported

 for Title II of the Library Services and Construction Act (LSCA) (P.L. 101-254); in Arizona, LSCA Title I award for fiscal year 1992

 (award not available earlier due to litigation); and other federal income. 

2 State income includes state funds for state library agency operations, state aid to libraries, and other state income.

3

 Other income includes: a) any other income from public sources, such as local, regional, or multijurisdictional sources; b) income received from private

 sources, such as foundations, corporations, Friends groups, and individuals; and c) income generated by the state library agency, such as

 fines and fees for services.

NOTES: 1. Because of rounding, detail may not add to totals. 

 2. Percentages may not sum to 100.0 due to rounding.

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, State Library Agencies Survey, Fiscal Year 1998.
 Table 16.--Federal income of state library agencies, by type of federal program and state: Fiscal year 1998

Federal program Federal program

State Total LSTA 1 Other 2LSTA Other

In thousands of dollars Percentage distribution

50 States and DC $147,997 $133,127 $14,869 90.0 10.0

Alabama 2,325 2,205 120 94.8 5.2

Alaska 605 605 0 100.0 0.0

Arizona 3 5,792 2,273 3,519 39.2 60.8

Arkansas 1,626 1,435 191 88.3 11.7

California 14,304 14,254 50 99.7 0.3

Colorado 2,059 2,008 51 97.5 2.5

Connecticut 2,443 1,769 674 72.4 27.6

Delaware 807 656 150 81.4 18.6

District of Columbia 638 577 61 90.4 9.6

Florida 6,658 6,625 33 99.5 0.5

Georgia 4,274 3,549 725 83.0 17.0

Hawaii 857 857 0 100.0 0.0

Idaho 880 859 21 97.7 2.3

Illinois 5,511 5,511 0 100.0 0.0

Indiana 2,889 2,889 0 100.0 0.0

Iowa 1,704 1,585 119 93.0 7.0

Kansas 1,463 1,463 0 100.0 0.0

Kentucky 2,035 2,035 0 100.0 0.0

Louisiana 2,239 2,239 0 100.0 0.0

Maine 883 883 0 100.0 0.0

Maryland 2,554 2,554 0 100.0 0.0

Massachusetts 3,314 2,999 315 90.5 9.5

Michigan 4,701 4,528 174 96.3 3.7

Minnesota 2,549 2,373 176 93.1 6.9

Mississippi 1,525 1,525 0 100.0 0.0

Missouri 2,691 2,679 12 99.6 0.4

Montana 1,019 724 295 71.0 29.0

Nebraska 1,061 1,061 0 100.0 0.0

Nevada 1,040 1,040 0 100.0 0.0

New Hampshire 847 847 0 100.0 0.0

See footnotes at end of table.
 Table 16.--Federal income of state library agencies, by type of federal program and state: Fiscal year 1998

 --Continued

Federal program Federal program

State Total LSTA 1 Other 2LSTA Other

In thousands of dollars Percentage distribution

New Jersey $3,826 $3,826 $0 100.0 0.0

New Mexico 1,088 1,088 0 100.0 0.0

New York 9,601 8,277 1,324 86.2 13.8

North Carolina 3,930 3,536 393 90.0 10.0

North Dakota 621 621 0 100.0 0.0

Ohio 5,587 5,217 371 93.4 6.6

Oklahoma 2,630 1,781 849 67.7 32.3

Oregon 1,777 1,738 38 97.8 2.2

Pennsylvania 6,166 5,602 564 90.9 9.1

Rhode Island 772 772 0 100.0 0.0

South Carolina 2,406 1,954 452 81.2 18.8

South Dakota 692 660 32 95.4 4.6

Tennessee 2,889 2,662 227 92.1 7.9

Texas 9,310 8,689 621 93.3 6.7

Utah 1,679 1,213 466 72.3 27.7

Vermont 679 597 82 87.9 12.1

Virginia 3,768 3,254 515 86.3 13.7

Washington 2,755 2,755 0 100.0 0.0

West Virginia 1,137 1,137 0 100.0 0.0

Wisconsin 4,791 2,592 2,199 54.1 45.9

Wyoming 600 550 50 91.6 8.4

1

 LSTA--the Library Services and Technology Act (P.L. 104-208). The LSTA income consists of the federal 

 allotments for the LSTA State Program, provided by the Institute of Museum and Library Services.

2

 See Appendix C for a list of state library agencies by other federal income received.

3

 Other income includes LSCA Title I award for fiscal year 1992 (award not available earlier due to litigation).

Notes: 1. Because of rounding, detail may not add to totals. 

 2. Percentages may not sum to 100.0 due to rounding.

Source: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, State Library Agencies Survey, 

 Fiscal Year 1998.
 Table 17.--State income of state library agencies, by type of state program and state: Fiscal year 1998

State income, by type State income, by type

STLA State aid STLA State aid 

State Total operation* to libraries Other operation to libraries Other

In thousands of dollars Percentage distribution

50 States and DC $720,397 $183,834 $509,478 $27,084 25.5 70.7 3.8

Alabama 7,757 2,632 5,125 0 33.9 66.1 0.0

Alaska 3,755 2,720 925 110 72.4 24.6 2.9

Arizona 6,455 5,713 665 77 88.5 10.3 1.2

Arkansas 5,972 2,644 3,328 0 44.3 55.7 0.0

California 42,781 12,575 30,206 0 29.4 70.6 0.0

Colorado 5,337 1,474 3,863 0 27.6 72.4 0.0

Connecticut 14,165 10,174 3,990 0 71.8 28.2 0.0

Delaware 2,465 777 1,422 266 31.5 57.7 10.8

District of Columbia 297 297 0 0 100.0 0.0 0.0

Florida 36,989 5,539 29,000 2,450 15.0 78.4 6.6

Georgia 39,380 1,070 38,310 0 2.7 97.3 0.0

Hawaii 3,332 3,332 0 0 100.0 0.0 0.0

Idaho 2,517 2,231 286 0 88.6 11.4 0.0

Illinois 63,152 5,772 57,380 0 9.1 90.9 0.0

Indiana 7,873 2,856 3,017 2,000 36.3 38.3 25.4

Iowa 2,432 2,404 0 28 98.9 0.0 1.1

Kansas 4,678 1,714 2,962 1 36.6 63.3 0.0

Kentucky 13,188 8,030 5,158 0 60.9 39.1 0.0

Louisiana 3,916 2,916 1,000 0 74.5 25.5 0.0

Maine 2,303 2,049 254 0 89.0 11.0 0.0

Maryland 27,256 1,247 19,774 6,235 4.6 72.5 22.9

Massachusetts 42,633 1,067 40,169 1,397 2.5 94.2 3.3

Michigan 31,185 8,070 20,256 2,859 25.9 65.0 9.2

Minnesota 14,579 1,023 13,556 0 7.0 93.0 0.0

Mississippi 8,605 2,962 5,643 0 34.4 65.6 0.0

Missouri 5,046 1,913 3,064 69 37.9 60.7 1.4

Montana 2,305 1,683 622 0 73.0 27.0 0.0

Nebraska 2,814 1,951 862 0 69.4 30.6 0.0

Nevada 4,878 2,416 2,400 62 49.5 49.2 1.3

New Hampshire 1,749 1,749 0 0 100.0 0.0 0.0

See footnotes at end of table.
 Table 17.--State income of state library agencies, by type of state program and state: Fiscal year 1998--Continued

State income, by type State income, by type

STLA State aid STLA State aid 

State Total operation* to libraries Other operation to libraries Other

In thousands of dollars Percentage distribution

New Jersey $16,403 $3,159 $13,244 $0 19.3 80.7 0.0

New Mexico 3,228 2,978 250 0 92.3 7.7 0.0

New York 97,466 7,899 89,567 0 8.1 91.9 0.0

North Carolina 20,855 5,906 14,950 0 28.3 71.7 0.0

North Dakota 1,302 835 468 0 64.1 35.9 0.0

Ohio 15,857 7,175 2,665 6,018 45.2 16.8 37.9

Oklahoma 6,187 4,331 1,651 205 70.0 26.7 3.3

Oregon 3,952 3,423 529 0 86.6 13.4 0.0

Pennsylvania 43,777 4,049 35,033 4,695 9.2 80.0 10.7

Rhode Island 5,229 1,139 4,089 0 21.8 78.2 0.0

South Carolina 8,456 3,068 5,384 5 36.3 63.7 0.1

South Dakota 1,521 1,521 0 0 100.0 0.0 0.0

Tennessee 10,874 4,834 6,040 0 44.5 55.5 0.0

Texas 12,005 7,068 4,936 0 58.9 41.1 0.0

Utah 3,499 2,260 1,212 27 64.6 34.6 0.8

Vermont 1,706 1,706 0 0 100.0 0.0 0.0

Virginia 24,879 10,204 14,143 531 41.0 56.8 2.1

Washington 7,680 6,746 934 0 87.8 12.2 0.0

West Virginia 9,337 1,998 7,339 0 21.4 78.6 0.0

Wisconsin 15,362 1,556 13,806 0 10.1 89.9 0.0

Wyoming 1,026 978 0 48 95.3 0.0 4.7

* Income received from the state to support operation of the STLA (State Library Agency). Excludes income received for major capital expenditures,

 contributions to endowments, income passed through to another agency, or funds unspent in the previous fiscal year.

NOTES: 1. Because of rounding, detail may not add to totals. 

 2. Percentages may not sum to 100.0 due to rounding.

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, State Library Agencies Survey, Fiscal Year 1998.
 Table 18.--Total expenditures of state library agencies, by source of expenditure, and total expenditures per capita, by state: Fiscal year 1998

Total expenditures, by source Total expenditures, by source Total

expenditures

State Total Federal State Other Federal State Other per capita*

In thousands of dollars Percentage distribution

50 States and DC $863,517 $124,420 $725,321 $13,776 14.4 84.0 1.6 $3.27

Alabama 9,962 2,205 7,757 0 22.1 77.9 0.0 2.41

Alaska 4,433 545 3,888 0 12.3 87.7 0.0 7.25

Arizona 8,742 2,158 6,285 299 24.7 71.9 3.4 1.90

Arkansas 7,181 1,209 5,972 0 16.8 83.2 0.0 3.16

California 57,460 14,254 42,781 425 24.8 74.5 0.7 1.76

Colorado 7,032 1,661 5,337 33 23.6 75.9 0.5 1.81

Connecticut 17,894 1,929 14,407 1,558 10.8 80.5 8.7 5.47

Delaware 3,689 773 2,915 0 21.0 79.0 0.0 5.54

District of Columbia 965 611 354 0 63.3 36.7 0.0 1.78

Florida 45,024 5,969 39,056 0 13.3 86.7 0.0 3.06

Georgia 45,773 2,757 43,016 0 6.0 94.0 0.0 6.18

Hawaii 3,786 445 3,340 0 11.8 88.2 0.0 3.19

Idaho 3,366 826 2,517 24 24.5 74.8 0.7 2.78

Illinois 70,485 3,665 62,048 4,772 5.2 88.0 6.8 6.69

Indiana 10,126 1,853 7,869 404 18.3 77.7 4.0 1.83

Iowa 4,258 1,355 2,903 0 31.8 68.2 0.0 1.49

Kansas 5,997 1,345 4,653 0 22.4 77.6 0.0 2.34

Kentucky 16,034 1,724 13,188 1,122 10.8 82.2 7.0 4.35

Louisiana 6,180 2,239 3,916 25 36.2 63.4 0.4 1.42

Maine 3,045 714 2,331 0 23.4 76.6 0.0 2.45

Maryland 30,972 2,983 27,989 0 9.6 90.4 0.0 6.12

Massachusetts 42,539 2,829 39,710 0 6.6 93.4 0.0 6.98

Michigan 36,833 5,571 31,185 77 15.1 84.7 0.2 3.96

Minnesota 16,701 2,104 14,579 17 12.6 87.3 0.1 3.57

Mississippi 9,672 1,067 8,605 0 11.0 89.0 0.0 3.59

Missouri 7,177 2,131 5,046 0 29.7 70.3 0.0 1.34

Montana 3,143 874 2,191 78 27.8 69.7 2.5 3.68

Nebraska 3,838 931 2,791 116 24.3 72.7 3.0 2.43

Nevada 4,640 714 3,696 230 15.4 79.6 5.0 2.75

New Hampshire 2,815 885 1,829 101 31.4 65.0 3.6 2.40

See footnotes at end of table.
 Table 18.--Total expenditures of state library agencies, by source of expenditure, and total expenditures per capita, by state: Fiscal year 1998

 --Continued 

Total expenditures, by source Total expenditures, by source Total

expenditures

State Total Federal State Other Federal State Other per capita*

In thousands of dollars Percentage distribution

New Jersey $18,408 $3,004 $15,404 $0 16.3 83.7 0.0 $2.30

New Mexico 4,219 991 3,228 0 23.5 76.5 0.0 2.46

New York 105,208 7,978 97,148 81 7.6 92.3 0.1 5.85

North Carolina 24,263 3,267 20,855 140 13.5 86.0 0.6 3.31

North Dakota 1,853 516 1,337 0 27.9 72.1 0.0 2.90

Ohio 20,965 5,006 15,628 332 23.9 74.5 1.6 1.87

Oklahoma 8,362 2,175 6,187 0 26.0 74.0 0.0 2.54

Oregon 4,974 1,629 3,309 36 32.8 66.5 0.7 1.56

Pennsylvania 49,298 5,521 43,777 0 11.2 88.8 0.0 4.15

Rhode Island 5,902 673 5,229 0 11.4 88.6 0.0 5.91

South Carolina 10,812 2,345 8,456 10 21.7 78.2 0.1 2.88

South Dakota 2,046 538 1,493 15 26.3 73.0 0.7 2.94

Tennessee 13,864 2,076 11,789 0 15.0 85.0 0.0 2.64

Texas 22,021 7,253 14,768 0 32.9 67.1 0.0 1.15

Utah 5,638 1,205 3,499 934 21.4 62.1 16.6 2.81

Vermont 2,335 565 1,706 65 24.2 73.1 2.8 4.05

Virginia 30,934 3,099 25,995 1,840 10.0 84.0 5.9 4.59

Washington 9,923 2,243 7,680 0 22.6 77.4 0.0 1.77

West Virginia 10,294 844 9,337 113 8.2 90.7 1.1 5.74

Wisconsin 20,564 4,659 15,362 542 22.7 74.7 2.6 3.96

Wyoming 1,875 509 978 388 27.1 52.2 20.7 3.81

* Per capita data are based on official state population estimates from the National Center for Education Statistics' Public Libraries Survey, Fiscal Year 1997.

NOTES: 1. Total expenditures include state library agency operations, aid to libraries, capital outlay, and other expenditures not reported in these categories.

 2. Because of rounding, detail may not add to totals. 

 3. Percentages may not sum to 100.0 due to rounding.

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, State Library Agencies Survey, Fiscal Year 1998.
 Table 19.-- Operating expenditures of state library agencies, by source of expenditure, and operating expenditures per capita, by state: 

 Fiscal year 1998 

Operating expenditures, by source Operating expenditures, by source Operating

expenditures

State Total Federal State Other Federal State Other per capita*

In thousands of dollars Percentage distribution

50 States and DC $243,927 $50,304 $187,103 $6,519 20.6 76.7 2.7 $0.92

Alabama 3,854 1,222 2,632 0 31.7 68.3 0.0 0.93

Alaska 2,985 143 2,842 0 4.8 95.2 0.0 4.88

Arizona 6,721 896 5,538 287 13.3 82.4 4.3 1.46

Arkansas 3,318 704 2,614 0 21.2 78.8 0.0 1.46

California 15,859 2,858 12,575 425 18.0 79.3 2.7 0.49

Colorado 2,489 982 1,474 33 39.4 59.2 1.3 0.64

Connecticut 13,183 1,484 10,141 1,558 11.3 76.9 11.8 4.03

Delaware 1,471 570 901 0 38.7 61.3 0.0 2.21

District of Columbia 863 508 354 0 58.9 41.1 0.0 1.59

Florida 8,178 1,236 6,942 0 15.1 84.9 0.0 0.56

Georgia 2,774 1,715 1,059 0 61.8 38.2 0.0 0.37

Hawaii 3,786 445 3,340 0 11.8 88.2 0.0 3.19

Idaho 2,503 331 2,153 19 13.2 86.0 0.8 2.07

Illinois 6,495 169 6,313 12 2.6 97.2 0.2 0.62

Indiana 3,377 305 2,852 219 9.0 84.5 6.5 0.61

Iowa 4,007 1,103 2,903 0 27.5 72.5 0.0 1.40

Kansas 1,614 188 1,426 0 11.6 88.4 0.0 0.63

Kentucky 10,041 1,134 7,824 1,083 11.3 77.9 10.8 2.72

Louisiana 5,180 2,239 2,916 25 43.2 56.3 0.5 1.19

Maine 2,791 714 2,077 0 25.6 74.4 0.0 2.24

Maryland 1,514 589 925 0 38.9 61.1 0.0 0.30

Massachusetts 2,959 929 2,030 0 31.4 68.6 0.0 0.49

Michigan 10,383 2,236 8,070 77 21.5 77.7 0.7 1.12

Minnesota 1,317 277 1,023 17 21.0 77.7 1.3 0.28

Mississippi 3,377 647 2,730 0 19.1 80.9 0.0 1.25

Missouri 2,479 566 1,913 0 22.8 77.2 0.0 0.46

Montana 2,266 650 1,537 78 28.7 67.8 3.5 2.65

Nebraska 2,407 456 1,840 111 19.0 76.4 4.6 1.52

Nevada 2,871 162 2,478 230 5.7 86.3 8.0 1.70

New Hampshire 2,491 649 1,749 93 26.1 70.2 3.7 2.12

See footnotes at bottom of table.
 Table 19.-- Operating expenditures of state library agencies, by source of expenditure, and operating expenditures per capita, by state: 

 Fiscal year 1998--Continued

Operating expenditures, by source Operating expenditures, by source Operating

expenditures

State Total Federal State Other Federal State Other per capita*

In thousands of dollars Percentage distribution

New Jersey $5,195 $2,069 $3,126 $0 39.8 60.2 0.0 $0.65

New Mexico 3,667 688 2,978 0 18.8 81.2 0.0 2.14

New York 11,646 3,948 7,617 81 33.9 65.4 0.7 0.65

North Carolina 6,470 513 5,824 133 7.9 90.0 2.1 0.88

North Dakota 1,319 516 802 0 39.2 60.8 0.0 2.06

Ohio 8,530 1,078 7,121 332 12.6 83.5 3.9 0.76

Oklahoma 5,857 1,321 4,536 0 22.6 77.4 0.0 1.78

Oregon 2,970 154 2,780 36 5.2 93.6 1.2 0.93

Pennsylvania 6,839 2,856 3,983 0 41.8 58.2 0.0 0.58

Rhode Island 1,743 604 1,139 0 34.6 65.4 0.0 1.75

South Carolina 4,150 1,075 3,065 10 25.9 73.9 0.2 1.10

South Dakota 1,953 464 1,475 14 23.8 75.5 0.7 2.81

Tennessee 5,531 698 4,834 0 12.6 87.4 0.0 1.05

Texas 9,943 742 9,202 0 7.5 92.5 0.0 0.52

Utah 3,042 663 2,260 119 21.8 74.3 3.9 1.52

Vermont 2,224 463 1,706 54 20.8 76.7 2.4 3.86

Virginia 13,933 2,538 10,204 1,191 18.2 73.2 8.5 2.07

Washington 7,934 1,188 6,746 0 15.0 85.0 0.0 1.42

West Virginia 2,669 558 1,998 113 20.9 74.9 4.2 1.49

Wisconsin 3,286 1,634 1,556 96 49.7 47.4 2.9 0.63

Wyoming 1,478 427 978 73 28.9 66.2 4.9 3.00

* Per capita data are based on official state population estimates from the National Center for Education Statistics' Public Libraries Survey, Fiscal Year 1997.

NOTES: 1. Because of rounding, detail may not add to totals. 

 2. Percentages may not sum to 100.0 due to rounding.

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, State Library Agencies Survey, Fiscal Year 1998.
 Table 20.--Expenditures of state library agencies for financial assistance to libraries, by source of expenditure, and state: 

 Fiscal year 1998

Financial assistance to libraries, by source Financial assistance to libraries, by source

State Total Federal State Other Federal State Other

In thousands of dollars Percentage distribution

50 States and DC $596,142 $70,087 $524,721 $1,334 11.8 88.0 0.2

Alabama 6,108 983 5,125 0 16.1 83.9 0.0

Alaska 1,348 402 946 0 29.8 70.2 0.0

Arizona 1,950 1,208 742 0 62.0 38.0 0.0

Arkansas 3,735 407 3,328 0 10.9 89.1 0.0

California 41,601 11,395 30,206 0 27.4 72.6 0.0

Colorado 4,366 503 3,863 0 11.5 88.5 0.0

Connecticut 4,686 445 4,240 0 9.5 90.5 0.0

Delaware 1,830 101 1,728 0 5.5 94.5 0.0

District of Columbia 0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Florida 36,643 4,727 31,916 0 12.9 87.1 0.0

Georgia 42,274 316 41,957 0 0.7 99.3 0.0

Hawaii 0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Idaho 757 471 286 0 62.2 37.8 0.0

Illinois 52,379 3,391 48,988 0 6.5 93.5 0.0

Indiana 6,749 1,547 5,017 185 22.9 74.3 2.7

Iowa 251 251 0 0 100.0 0.0 0.0

Kansas 3,871 794 3,077 0 20.5 79.5 0.0

Kentucky 5,698 540 5,158 0 9.5 90.5 0.0

Louisiana 1,000 0 1,000 0 0.0 100.0 0.0

Maine 254 0 254 0 0.0 100.0 0.0

Maryland 29,458 2,394 27,064 0 8.1 91.9 0.0

Massachusetts 39,580 1,900 37,680 0 4.8 95.2 0.0

Michigan 23,559 3,303 20,256 0 14.0 86.0 0.0

Minnesota 15,383 1,828 13,556 0 11.9 88.1 0.0

Mississippi 5,981 409 5,571 0 6.8 93.2 0.0

Missouri 4,553 1,420 3,133 0 31.2 68.8 0.0

Montana 844 222 622 0 26.3 73.7 0.0

Nebraska 1,365 474 891 0 34.7 65.3 0.0

Nevada 1,592 374 1,218 0 23.5 76.5 0.0

New Hampshire 324 236 80 8 72.8 24.7 2.5

See footnotes at end of table.
 Table 20.--Expenditures of state library agencies for financial assistance to libraries, by source of expenditure, and state: 

 Fiscal year 1998--Continued

Financial assistance to libraries, by source Financial assistance to libraries, by source

State Total Federal State Other Federal State Other

In thousands of dollars Percentage distribution

New Jersey $13,055 $935 $12,120 $0 7.2 92.8 0.0

New Mexico 552 302 250 0 54.7 45.3 0.0

New York 93,562 4,030 89,531 0 4.3 95.7 0.0

North Carolina 17,701 2,751 14,950 0 15.5 84.5 0.0

North Dakota 535 0 535 0 0.0 100.0 0.0

Ohio 12,435 3,928 8,507 0 31.6 68.4 0.0

Oklahoma 2,505 854 1,651 0 34.1 65.9 0.0

Oregon 2,004 1,475 529 0 73.6 26.4 0.0

Pennsylvania 42,170 2,661 39,509 0 6.3 93.7 0.0

Rhode Island 4,157 67 4,089 0 1.6 98.4 0.0

South Carolina 6,655 1,271 5,384 0 19.1 80.9 0.0

South Dakota 72 72 0 0 100.0 0.0 0.0

Tennessee 8,278 1,363 6,915 0 16.5 83.5 0.0

Texas 11,360 6,478 4,882 0 57.0 43.0 0.0

Utah 2,569 542 1,212 815 21.1 47.2 31.7

Vermont 112 101 0 11 90.6 0.0 9.4

Virginia 15,236 561 14,674 0 3.7 96.3 0.0

Washington 1,989 1,055 934 0 53.0 47.0 0.0

West Virginia 7,625 286 7,339 0 3.8 96.2 0.0

Wisconsin 15,036 1,230 13,806 0 8.2 91.8 0.0

Wyoming 397 82 0 315 20.7 0.0 79.3

NOTES: 1. Because of rounding, detail may not add to totals. 

 2. Percentages may not sum to 100.0 due to rounding.

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, State Library Agencies Survey, Fiscal Year 1998.
 Table 21.--Capital outlay expenditures of state library agencies, by source of expenditure, and state: Fiscal year 1998 

Capital outlay expenditures, by source Capital outlay expenditures, by source 

State Total Federal State Other Federal State Other

In thousands of dollars Percentage distribution

50 States and DC $4,595 $1,270 $3,263 $62 27.6 71.0 1.3

Alabama 0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Alaska 100 0 100 0 0.0 100.0 0.0

Arizona 71 54 5 11 76.7 7.4 16.0

Arkansas 128 98 30 0 76.7 23.3 0.0

California 0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Colorado 0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Connecticut 25 0 25 0 0.0 100.0 0.0

Delaware 110 103 7 0 93.6 6.4 0.0

District of Columbia 102 102 0 0 100.0 0.0 0.0

Florida 204 6 197 0 3.0 97.0 0.0

Georgia 725 725 0 0 100.0 0.0 0.0

Hawaii 0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Idaho 107 24 77 5 22.8 72.7 4.5

Illinois 0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Indiana 0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Iowa 0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Kansas 100 27 73 0 27.1 72.9 0.0

Kentucky 295 50 206 39 16.8 69.9 13.4

Louisiana 0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Maine 0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Maryland 0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Massachusetts 0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Michigan 32 32 0 0 100.0 0.0 0.0

Minnesota 0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Mississippi 109 3 107 0 2.6 97.4 0.0

Missouri 0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Montana 33 1 31 0 4.0 96.0 0.0

Nebraska 66 1 60 5 1.3 91.0 7.6

Nevada 0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0

New Hampshire 0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0

See footnotes at end of table.
 Table 21.--Capital outlay expenditures of state library agencies, by source of expenditure, and state: Fiscal year 1998--Continued

Capital outlay expenditures, by source Capital outlay expenditures, by source 

State Total Federal State Other Federal State Other

In thousands of dollars Percentage distribution

New Jersey $158 $0 $158 $0 0.0 100.0 0.0

New Mexico 0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0

New York 0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0

North Carolina 76 3 74 0 3.4 96.6 0.0

North Dakota 0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Ohio 0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Oklahoma 0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Oregon 0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Pennsylvania 289 4 285 0 1.4 98.6 0.0

Rhode Island 2 2 0 0 78.4 21.6 0.0

South Carolina 7 0 7 0 0.0 100.0 0.0

South Dakota 21 1 18 1 7.2 86.9 5.9

Tennessee 0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Texas 718 34 684 0 4.7 95.3 0.0

Utah 0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Vermont 0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Virginia 1,116 0 1,116 0 0.0 100.0 0.0

Washington 0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0

West Virginia 0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Wisconsin 0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Wyoming 0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0

NOTES: 1. Capital outlay expenditures--Funds for the acquisition of or additions to fixed assets such as building sites, new buildings and 

 building additions, new equipment (including major computer installations), initial book stock, furnishings for new or expanded

 buildings, and new vehicles. Excludes replacement and repair of existing furnishings and equipment, regular purchase of library 

 materials, and investments for capital appreciation.

 2. Because of rounding, detail may not add to totals. 

 3. Percentages may not sum to 100.0 due to rounding.

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, State Library Agencies Survey, Fiscal Year 1998.
 Table 22.--Other expenditures of state library agencies, by source of expenditure, and state: Fiscal year 1998

Other expenditures, by source Other expenditures, by source

State Total Federal State Other Federal State Other

In thousands of dollars Percentage distribution

50 States and DC $18,854 $2,759 $10,234 $5,862 14.6 54.3 31.1

Alabama 0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Alaska 0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Arizona 0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Arkansas 0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0

California 0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Colorado 177 177 0 0 100.0 0.0 0.0

Connecticut 0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Delaware 279 0 279 0 0.0 100.0 0.0

District of Columbia 0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Florida 0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Georgia 0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Hawaii 0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Idaho 0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Illinois 11,612 105 6,747 4,760 0.9 58.1 41.0

Indiana 0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Iowa 0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Kansas 413 336 77 0 81.3 18.7 0.0

Kentucky 0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Louisiana 0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Maine 0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Maryland 0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Massachusetts 0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Michigan 2,859 0 2,859 0 0.0 100.0 0.0

Minnesota 0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Mississippi 205 8 197 0 4.1 95.9 0.0

Missouri 145 145 0 0 100.0 0.0 0.0

Montana 0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Nebraska 0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Nevada 178 178 0 0 100.0 0.0 0.0

New Hampshire 0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0

See footnotes at end of table.
 Table 22.--Other expenditures of state library agencies, by source of expenditure, and state: Fiscal year 1998--Continued

Other expenditures, by source Other expenditures, by source

State Total Federal State Other Federal State Other

In thousands of dollars Percentage distribution

New Jersey $0 $0 $0 $0 0.0 0.0 0.0

New Mexico 0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0

New York 0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0

North Carolina 15 0 8 7 0.0 55.4 44.6

North Dakota 0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Ohio 0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Oklahoma 0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Oregon 0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Pennsylvania 0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Rhode Island 0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0

South Carolina 0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0

South Dakota 0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Tennessee 55 15 40 0 27.5 72.5 0.0

Texas 0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Utah 27 0 27 0 0.0 100.0 0.0

Vermont 0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Virginia 649 0 0 649 0.0 0.0 100.0

Washington 0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0

West Virginia 0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Wisconsin 2,241 1,795 0 446 80.1 0.0 19.9

Wyoming 0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0

NOTES: 1. Because of rounding, detail may not add to totals. 

 2. Percentages may not sum to 100.0 due to rounding.

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, State Library Agencies Survey, Fiscal Year 1998.
 Table 23.--Total expenditures of state library agencies, from all sources, by type of expenditure and state: Fiscal year 1998

Total expenditures, by type Total expenditures, by type

Financial Financial

Operating assistance Capital Operating assistance Capital

State Total expenditures to libraries outlay Other expenditures to libraries outlay Other

In thousands of dollars Percentage distribution

50 States and DC $863,517 $243,927 $596,142 $4,595 $18,854 28.2 69.0 0.5 2.2

Alabama 9,962 3,854 6,108 0 0 38.7 61.3 0.0 0.0

Alaska 4,433 2,985 1,348 100 0 67.3 30.4 2.3 0.0

Arizona 8,742 6,721 1,950 71 0 76.9 22.3 0.8 0.0

Arkansas 7,181 3,318 3,735 128 0 46.2 52.0 1.8 0.0

California 57,460 15,859 41,601 0 0 27.6 72.4 0.0 0.0

Colorado 7,032 2,489 4,366 0 177 35.4 62.1 0.0 2.5

Connecticut 17,894 13,183 4,686 25 0 73.7 26.2 0.1 0.0

Delaware 3,689 1,471 1,830 110 279 39.9 49.6 3.0 7.6

District of Columbia 965 863 0 102 0 89.4 0.0 10.6 0.0

Florida 45,024 8,178 36,643 204 0 18.2 81.4 0.5 0.0

Georgia 45,773 2,774 42,274 725 0 6.1 92.4 1.6 0.0

Hawaii 3,786 3,786 0 0 0 100.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Idaho 3,366 2,503 757 107 0 74.4 22.5 3.2 0.0

Illinois 70,485 6,495 52,379 0 11,612 9.2 74.3 0.0 16.5

Indiana 10,126 3,377 6,749 0 0 33.3 66.7 0.0 0.0

Iowa 4,258 4,007 251 0 0 94.1 5.9 0.0 0.0

Kansas 5,997 1,614 3,871 100 413 26.9 64.5 1.7 6.9

Kentucky 16,034 10,041 5,698 295 0 62.6 35.5 1.8 0.0

Louisiana 6,180 5,180 1,000 0 0 83.8 16.2 0.0 0.0

Maine 3,045 2,791 254 0 0 91.7 8.3 0.0 0.0

Maryland 30,972 1,514 29,458 0 0 4.9 95.1 0.0 0.0

Massachusetts 42,539 2,959 39,580 0 0 7.0 93.0 0.0 0.0

Michigan 36,833 10,383 23,559 32 2,859 28.2 64.0 0.1 7.8

Minnesota 16,701 1,317 15,383 0 0 7.9 92.1 0.0 0.0

Mississippi 9,672 3,377 5,981 109 205 34.9 61.8 1.1 2.1

Missouri 7,177 2,479 4,553 0 145 34.5 63.4 0.0 2.0

Montana 3,143 2,266 844 33 0 72.1 26.9 1.0 0.0

Nebraska 3,838 2,407 1,365 66 0 62.7 35.6 1.7 0.0

Nevada 4,640 2,871 1,592 0 178 61.9 34.3 0.0 3.8

New Hampshire 2,815 2,491 324 0 0 88.5 11.5 0.0 0.0

See footnotes at end of table.
 Table 23.--Total expenditures of state library agencies, from all sources, by type of expenditure and state: Fiscal year 1998--Continued

Total expenditures, by type Total expenditures, by type

Financial Financial

Operating assistance Capital Operating assistance Capital

State Total expenditures to libraries outlay Other expenditures to libraries outlay Other

In thousands of dollars Percentage distribution

New Jersey $18,408 $5,195 $13,055 $158 $0 28.2 70.9 0.9 0.0

New Mexico 4,219 3,667 552 0 0 86.9 13.1 0.0 0.0

New York 105,208 11,646 93,562 0 0 11.1 88.9 0.0 0.0

North Carolina 24,263 6,470 17,701 76 15 26.7 73.0 0.3 0.1

North Dakota 1,853 1,319 535 0 0 71.2 28.8 0.0 0.0

Ohio 20,965 8,530 12,435 0 0 40.7 59.3 0.0 0.0

Oklahoma 8,362 5,857 2,505 0 0 70.0 30.0 0.0 0.0

Oregon 4,974 2,970 2,004 0 0 59.7 40.3 0.0 0.0

Pennsylvania 49,298 6,839 42,170 289 0 13.9 85.5 0.6 0.0

Rhode Island 5,902 1,743 4,157 2 0 29.5 70.4 0.0 0.0

South Carolina 10,812 4,150 6,655 7 0 38.4 61.5 0.1 0.0

South Dakota 2,046 1,953 72 21 0 95.4 3.5 1.0 0.0

Tennessee 13,864 5,531 8,278 0 55 39.9 59.7 0.0 0.4

Texas 22,021 9,943 11,360 718 0 45.2 51.6 3.3 0.0

Utah 5,638 3,042 2,569 0 27 54.0 45.6 0.0 0.5

Vermont 2,335 2,224 112 0 0 95.2 4.8 0.0 0.0

Virginia 30,934 13,933 15,236 1,116 649 45.0 49.3 3.6 2.1

Washington 9,923 7,934 1,989 0 0 80.0 20.0 0.0 0.0

West Virginia 10,294 2,669 7,625 0 0 25.9 74.1 0.0 0.0

Wisconsin 20,564 3,286 15,036 0 2,241 16.0 73.1 0.0 10.9

Wyoming 1,875 1,478 397 0 0 78.8 21.2 0.0 0.0

NOTES: 1. Because of rounding, detail may not add to totals. 

 2. Percentages may not sum to 100.0 due to rounding.

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, State Library Agencies Survey, Fiscal Year 1998.
 Table 24.--Operating expenditures of state library agencies, from all sources, by type of expenditure and state: Fiscal year 1998

Operating expenditures, by type Operating expenditures, by type

Staff expenditures Staff expenditures

Salaries Employee Salaries Employee

State Total Total and wages benefits Collection Other Total and wages benefits Collection Other

In thousands of dollars Percentage distribution

50 States and DC $243,927 $143,376 $114,524 $28,851 $19,591 $80,961 58.8 47.0 11.8 8.0 33.2

Alabama 3,854 2,106 1,711 396 411 1,337 54.7 44.4 10.3 10.7 34.7

Alaska 2,985 2,086 1,284 802 176 723 69.9 43.0 26.9 5.9 24.2

Arizona 6,721 3,774 3,059 716 469 2,477 56.2 45.5 10.6 7.0 36.9

Arkansas 3,318 1,818 1,434 384 429 1,072 54.8 43.2 11.6 12.9 32.3

California 15,859 9,613 7,455 2,158 1,517 4,729 60.6 47.0 13.6 9.6 29.8

Colorado 2,489 1,868 1,532 336 72 549 75.0 61.5 13.5 2.9 22.1

Connecticut 13,183 5,866 5,604 262 959 6,358 44.5 42.5 2.0 7.3 48.2

Delaware 1,471 801 606 195 44 626 54.4 41.2 13.2 3.0 42.6

District of Columbia 863 548 473 75 143 172 63.5 54.8 8.7 16.6 19.9

Florida 8,178 3,914 2,427 1,487 508 3,755 47.9 29.7 18.2 6.2 45.9

Georgia 2,774 977 729 248 49 1,749 35.2 26.3 8.9 1.8 63.0

Hawaii * 3,786 2,707 2,707 0 230 850 71.5 71.5 0.0 6.1 22.4

Idaho 2,503 1,663 1,265 398 85 755 66.4 50.5 15.9 3.4 30.2

Illinois 6,495 4,567 4,018 549 464 1,463 70.3 61.9 8.5 7.1 22.5

Indiana 3,377 2,300 1,727 573 514 563 68.1 51.1 17.0 15.2 16.7

Iowa 4,007 1,385 1,017 368 579 2,043 34.6 25.4 9.2 14.4 51.0

Kansas 1,614 952 777 175 192 470 59.0 48.1 10.8 11.9 29.1

Kentucky 10,041 5,790 4,688 1,102 553 3,698 57.7 46.7 11.0 5.5 36.8

Louisiana 5,180 2,512 2,098 413 919 1,750 48.5 40.5 8.0 17.7 33.8

Maine 2,791 2,167 1,575 591 110 514 77.6 56.5 21.2 4.0 18.4

Maryland 1,514 1,060 849 212 0 453 70.1 56.1 14.0 0.0 29.9

Massachusetts 2,959 1,304 1,187 117 17 1,638 44.1 40.1 4.0 0.6 55.3

Michigan 10,383 5,309 4,099 1,210 734 4,340 51.1 39.5 11.6 7.1 41.8

Minnesota 1,317 1,020 828 192 93 205 77.4 62.8 14.6 7.0 15.6

Mississippi 3,377 2,024 1,641 383 390 962 59.9 48.6 11.3 11.6 28.5

Missouri 2,479 1,722 1,363 359 178 579 69.4 55.0 14.5 7.2 23.4

Montana 2,266 1,264 1,004 259 119 883 55.8 44.3 11.5 5.2 39.0

Nebraska 2,407 1,553 1,280 273 92 762 64.5 53.2 11.3 3.8 31.7

Nevada 2,871 1,290 890 400 258 1,323 44.9 31.0 13.9 9.0 46.1

New Hampshire 2,491 1,720 1,344 375 157 614 69.0 54.0 15.1 6.3 24.7

See footnotes at end of table.
 Table 24.--Operating expenditures of state library agencies, from all sources, by type of expenditure and state: Fiscal year 1998--Continued

Operating expenditures, by type Operating expenditures, by type

Staff expenditures Staff expenditures

Salaries Employee Salaries Employee

State Total Total and wages benefits Collection Other Total and wages benefits Collection Other

In thousands of dollars Percentage distribution

New Jersey $5,195 $4,168 $3,332 $835 $496 $531 80.2 64.2 16.1 9.5 10.2

New Mexico 3,667 2,287 1,708 578 256 1,124 62.4 46.6 15.8 7.0 30.7

New York 11,646 8,022 7,299 723 2,186 1,439 68.9 62.7 6.2 18.8 12.4

North Carolina 6,470 3,283 2,616 668 411 2,776 50.7 40.4 10.3 6.4 42.9

North Dakota 1,319 866 521 345 107 346 65.7 39.5 26.2 8.1 26.2

Ohio 8,530 5,304 4,243 1,061 755 2,471 62.2 49.7 12.4 8.9 29.0

Oklahoma 5,857 2,915 2,298 617 385 2,557 49.8 39.2 10.5 6.6 43.7

Oregon 2,970 1,965 1,501 464 86 918 66.2 50.6 15.6 2.9 30.9

Pennsylvania 6,839 4,125 3,036 1,089 1,306 1,407 60.3 44.4 15.9 19.1 20.6

Rhode Island 1,743 1,214 931 282 12 518 69.6 53.4 16.2 0.7 29.7

South Carolina 4,150 1,806 1,455 351 396 1,948 43.5 35.1 8.5 9.6 46.9

South Dakota 1,953 815 657 158 180 957 41.7 33.7 8.1 9.2 49.0

Tennessee 5,531 3,576 2,898 678 101 1,854 64.7 52.4 12.3 1.8 33.5

Texas 9,943 6,491 5,189 1,302 119 3,333 65.3 52.2 13.1 1.2 33.5

Utah 3,042 2,146 1,510 636 84 813 70.5 49.6 20.9 2.8 26.7

Vermont 2,224 1,342 1,013 330 367 514 60.4 45.5 14.8 16.5 23.1

Virginia 13,933 7,375 5,919 1,455 486 6,073 52.9 42.5 10.4 3.5 43.6

Washington 7,934 5,319 4,184 1,135 1,061 1,555 67.0 52.7 14.3 13.4 19.6

West Virginia 2,669 1,533 1,166 367 235 900 57.4 43.7 13.8 8.8 33.7

Wisconsin 3,286 2,107 1,577 531 60 1,119 64.1 48.0 16.2 1.8 34.1

Wyoming 1,478 1,040 801 239 42 395 70.4 54.2 16.2 2.8 26.8

* Employee benefits in Hawaii are paid out of the general state fund, not the state library agency budget.

NOTES: 1. Because of rounding, detail may not add to totals. 

 2. Percentages may not sum to 100.0 due to rounding.

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, State Library Agencies Survey, Fiscal Year 1998.
 Table 25a.--Expenditures of state library agencies, from all sources, for financial assistance to libraries, by type of library/program and state: 

 Fiscal year 1998

Financial assistance to libraries, from all sources

Individual Public Other Multitype Single

public library individual library agency or Library Other

State Total libraries systems libraries systems library* construction assistance

In thousands of dollars

50 States and DC $596,142 $329,317 $94,674 $11,919 $64,628 $37,710 $39,390 $18,503

Alabama 6,108 4,988 999 0 0 0 120 0

Alaska 1,348 838 0 50 0 426 0 33

Arizona 1,950 1,778 0 0 0 77 95 0

Arkansas 3,735 790 2,754 0 0 0 191 0

California 41,601 28,394 244 662 4,126 5,619 1,374 1,182

Colorado 4,366 484 8 69 2,096 1,548 0 162

Connecticut 4,686 1,466 0 3 1,024 12 2,179 3

Delaware 1,830 1,439 145 8 0 0 238 0

District of Columbia 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Florida 36,643 33,266 0 0 1,200 0 2,145 32

Georgia 42,274 37,039 0 0 0 0 5,234 0

Hawaii 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Idaho 757 757 0 0 0 0 0 0

Illinois 52,379 16,424 0 1,623 23,252 2,705 4,170 4,206

Indiana 6,749 3,633 0 43 2,409 444 0 221

Iowa 251 59 0 0 53 0 119 20

Kansas 3,871 2,511 0 132 1,181 46 0 0

Kentucky 5,698 5,042 0 0 0 0 655 0

Louisiana 1,000 1,000 0 0 0 0 0 0

Maine 254 44 0 0 210 0 0 0

Maryland 29,458 20,941 1,396 0 0 5,620 0 1,500

Massachusetts 39,580 7,269 8,200 0 3,201 5,820 13,692 1,397

Michigan 23,559 17,408 5,172 164 153 0 661 0

Minnesota 15,383 779 9,191 457 3,882 0 493 580

Mississippi 5,981 0 5,827 0 0 0 153 0

Missouri 4,553 4,121 0 0 117 234 12 69

Montana 844 66 337 0 69 40 32 300

Nebraska 1,365 452 0 22 627 150 94 20

Nevada 1,592 1,453 0 31 98 10 0 0

New Hampshire 324 35 0 0 0 147 142 0

See footnotes at end of table.
 Table 25a.--Expenditures of state library agencies, from all sources, for financial assistance to libraries, by type of library/program and state: 

 Fiscal year 1998--Continued

Financial assistance to libraries, from all sources

Individual Public Other Multitype Single

public library individual library agency or Library Other

State Total libraries systems libraries systems library* construction assistance

In thousands of dollars

New Jersey $13,055 $8,754 $0 $490 $3,344 $235 $232 $0

New Mexico 552 310 0 23 0 0 220 0

New York 93,562 44,878 29,108 4,634 6,054 537 1,466 6,885

North Carolina 17,701 17,419 0 0 0 0 282 0

North Dakota 535 535 0 0 0 0 0 0

Ohio 12,435 1,129 896 0 1,229 8,246 354 581

Oklahoma 2,505 767 1,404 0 0 0 334 0

Oregon 2,004 1,068 66 146 0 541 38 144

Pennsylvania 42,170 25,883 1,723 3,145 8,652 1,598 1,169 0

Rhode Island 4,157 1,670 0 9 11 827 1,633 6

South Carolina 6,655 6,256 0 4 0 7 388 0

South Dakota 72 16 0 25 0 0 32 0

Tennessee 8,278 1,968 5,423 3 16 549 319 0

Texas 11,360 1,138 7,941 0 1,622 0 617 43

Utah 2,569 2,362 0 116 0 0 75 17

Vermont 112 24 0 0 0 6 82 0

Virginia 15,236 14,404 0 0 0 0 301 531

Washington 1,989 157 0 0 0 1,262 0 570

West Virginia 7,625 7,625 0 0 0 0 0 0

Wisconsin 15,036 479 13,523 33 0 1,001 0 0

Wyoming 397 2 315 30 0 0 50 0

* Financial assistance to a single agency or library providing a statewide service.

NOTE: Because of rounding, detail may not add to totals. 

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, State Library Agencies Survey, Fiscal Year 1998. 
 Table 25b.--Expenditures of state library agencies, from state sources, for financial assistance to libraries, by type of library/program and state: 

 Fiscal year 1998

Financial assistance to libraries, from state sources

Individual Public Other Multitype Single

public library individual library agency or Library Other

State Total libraries systems libraries systems library* construction assistance

In thousands of dollars

50 States and DC $524,721 $301,139 $83,122 $9,351 $57,817 $26,649 $30,871 $15,772

Alabama 5,125 4,187 938 0 0 0 0 0

Alaska 946 785 0 0 0 128 0 33

Arizona 742 665 0 0 0 77 0 0

Arkansas 3,328 752 2,576 0 0 0 0 0

California 30,206 26,937 0 0 3,160 0 0 108

Colorado 3,863 134 0 0 2,019 1,548 0 162

Connecticut 4,240 1,252 0 0 958 0 2,031 0

Delaware 1,728 1,422 84 0 0 0 223 0

District of Columbia 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Florida 31,916 29,000 0 0 1,200 0 1,716 0

Georgia 41,957 36,723 0 0 0 0 5,234 0

Hawaii 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Idaho 286 286 0 0 0 0 0 0

Illinois 48,988 14,725 0 684 22,962 2,705 3,707 4,206

Indiana 5,017 2,608 0 0 2,409 0 0 0

Iowa 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Kansas 3,077 2,403 0 83 591 0 0 0

Kentucky 5,158 4,502 0 0 0 0 655 0

Louisiana 1,000 1,000 0 0 0 0 0 0

Maine 254 44 0 0 210 0 0 0

Maryland 27,064 19,774 1,202 0 0 4,589 0 1,500

Massachusetts 37,680 6,900 8,200 0 1,985 5,820 13,377 1,397

Michigan 20,256 15,512 4,745 0 0 0 0 0

Minnesota 13,556 729 7,889 457 3,678 0 283 520

Mississippi 5,571 0 5,571 0 0 0 0 0

Missouri 3,133 3,064 0 0 0 0 0 69

Montana 622 0 322 0 0 0 0 300

Nebraska 891 340 0 0 437 103 0 12

Nevada 1,218 1,191 0 0 27 0 0 0

New Hampshire 80 25 0 0 0 55 0 0

See footnotes at end of table.
 Table 25b.--Expenditures of state library agencies, from state sources, for financial assistance to libraries, by type of library/program and state: 

 Fiscal year 1998--Continued

Financial assistance to libraries, from state sources

Individual Public Other Multitype Single

public library individual library agency or Library Other

State Total libraries systems libraries systems library* construction assistance

In thousands of dollars

New Jersey $12,120 $8,258 $0 $358 $3,344 $160 $0 $0

New Mexico 250 250 0 0 0 0 0 0

New York 89,531 44,764 26,245 4,634 5,766 537 752 6,833

North Carolina 14,950 14,950 0 0 0 0 0 0

North Dakota 535 535 0 0 0 0 0 0

Ohio 8,507 0 436 0 416 7,555 0 100

Oklahoma 1,651 402 1,249 0 0 0 0 0

Oregon 529 460 42 27 0 0 0 0

Pennsylvania 39,509 25,328 920 3,096 8,639 357 1,169 0

Rhode Island 4,089 1,625 0 9 0 822 1,633 0

South Carolina 5,384 5,384 0 0 0 0 0 0

South Dakota 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Tennessee 6,915 1,533 4,956 3 16 315 92 0

Texas 4,882 0 4,882 0 0 0 0 0

Utah 1,212 1,212 0 0 0 0 0 0

Vermont 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Virginia 14,674 14,143 0 0 0 0 0 531

Washington 934 0 0 0 0 934 0 0

West Virginia 7,339 7,339 0 0 0 0 0 0

Wisconsin 13,806 0 12,864 0 0 942 0 0

Wyoming 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

* Financial assistance to a single agency or library providing a statewide service.

NOTE: Because of rounding, detail may not add to totals. 

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, State Library Agencies Survey, Fiscal Year 1998. 
 Table 25c.--Percentage distribution of expenditures of state library agencies, from all sources, for financial assistance to libraries, by type 

 of library/program and state: Fiscal year 1998

Financial assistance to libraries, from all sources

Individual Public Other Multitype Single

public library individual library agency or Library Other

State Total libraries systems libraries systems library* construction assistance

 Percentage distribution

50 States and DC $596,141,562 55.2 15.9 2.0 10.8 6.3 6.6 3.1

Alabama 6,107,979 81.7 16.4 0.0 0.0 0.0 2.0 0.0

Alaska 1,347,518 62.2 0.0 3.7 0.0 31.6 0.0 2.5

Arizona 1,950,275 91.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 3.9 4.9 0.0

Arkansas 3,734,514 21.2 73.7 0.0 0.0 0.0 5.1 0.0

California 41,600,997 68.3 0.6 1.6 9.9 13.5 3.3 2.8

Colorado 4,366,292 11.1 0.2 1.6 48.0 35.5 0.0 3.7

Connecticut 4,685,748 31.3 0.0 0.1 21.8 0.3 46.5 0.1

Delaware 1,829,577 78.6 7.9 0.4 0.0 0.0 13.0 0.0

District of Columbia 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Florida 36,643,051 90.8 0.0 0.0 3.3 0.0 5.9 0.1

Georgia 42,273,609 87.6 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 12.4 0.0

Hawaii 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Idaho 756,700 100.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Illinois 52,378,856 31.4 0.0 3.1 44.4 5.2 8.0 8.0

Indiana 6,749,397 53.8 0.0 0.6 35.7 6.6 0.0 3.3

Iowa 251,332 23.5 0.0 0.0 21.1 0.0 47.4 8.0

Kansas 3,870,824 64.9 0.0 3.4 30.5 1.2 0.0 0.0

Kentucky 5,697,576 88.5 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 11.5 0.0

Louisiana 1,000,000 100.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Maine 254,000 17.3 0.0 0.0 82.7 0.0 0.0 0.0

Maryland 29,457,955 71.1 4.7 0.0 0.0 19.1 0.0 5.1

Massachusetts 39,579,748 18.4 20.7 0.0 8.1 14.7 34.6 3.5

Michigan 23,558,882 73.9 22.0 0.7 0.7 0.0 2.8 0.0

Minnesota 15,383,353 5.1 59.7 3.0 25.2 0.0 3.2 3.8

Mississippi 5,980,625 0.0 97.4 0.0 0.0 0.0 2.6 0.0

Missouri 4,553,433 90.5 0.0 0.0 2.6 5.1 0.3 1.5

Montana 844,386 7.8 40.0 0.0 8.2 4.8 3.8 35.5

Nebraska 1,364,995 33.1 0.0 1.6 46.0 11.0 6.9 1.5

Nevada 1,591,888 91.3 0.0 1.9 6.2 0.6 0.0 0.0

New Hampshire 323,938 10.9 0.0 0.0 0.0 45.4 43.8 0.0

See footnotes at end of table.
 Table 25c.--Percentage distribution of expenditures of state library agencies, from all sources, for financial assistance to libraries, by type 

 of library/program and state: Fiscal year 1998--Continued

Financial assistance to libraries, from all sources

Individual Public Other Multitype Single

public library individual library agency or Library Other

State Total libraries systems libraries systems library* construction assistance

 Percentage distribution

New Jersey $13,055,372 67.1 0.0 3.8 25.6 1.8 1.8 0.0

New Mexico 552,384 56.0 0.0 4.1 0.0 0.0 39.9 0.0

New York 93,561,639 48.0 31.1 5.0 6.5 0.6 1.6 7.4

North Carolina 17,700,787 98.4 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.6 0.0

North Dakota 534,530 100.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Ohio 12,435,023 9.1 7.2 0.0 9.9 66.3 2.8 4.7

Oklahoma 2,505,277 30.6 56.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 13.3 0.0

Oregon 2,004,374 53.3 3.3 7.3 0.0 27.0 1.9 7.2

Pennsylvania 42,169,882 61.4 4.1 7.5 20.5 3.8 2.8 0.0

Rhode Island 4,156,754 40.2 0.0 0.2 0.3 19.9 39.3 0.1

South Carolina 6,654,606 94.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.1 5.8 0.0

South Dakota 72,463 21.8 0.0 33.8 0.0 0.0 44.3 0.0

Tennessee 8,278,076 23.8 65.5 0.0 0.2 6.6 3.8 0.0

Texas 11,360,315 10.0 69.9 0.0 14.3 0.0 5.4 0.4

Utah 2,568,800 91.9 0.0 4.5 0.0 0.0 2.9 0.6

Vermont 111,597 21.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 5.6 73.3 0.0

Virginia 15,235,603 94.5 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 2.0 3.5

Washington 1,988,778 7.9 0.0 0.0 0.0 63.5 0.0 28.6

West Virginia 7,624,880 100.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Wisconsin 15,035,874 3.2 89.9 0.2 0.0 6.7 0.0 0.0

Wyoming 397,100 0.5 79.3 7.6 0.0 0.0 12.6 0.0

* Financial assistance to a single agency or library providing a statewide service.

NOTE: Because of rounding, detail may not add to totals. 

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, State Library Agencies Survey, Fiscal Year 1998. 
 Table 25d.--Percentage distribution of expenditures of state library agencies, from state sources, for financial assistance to libraries, by type 

 of library/program and state: Fiscal year 1998

Financial assistance to libraries, from state sources

Individual Public Other Multitype Single

public library individual library agency or Library Other

State Total libraries systems libraries systems library* construction assistance

 Percentage distribution

50 States and DC $524,720,986 57.4 15.8 1.8 11.0 5.1 5.9 3.0

Alabama 5,125,120 81.7 18.3 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Alaska 945,913 83.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 13.5 0.0 3.5

Arizona 741,800 89.6 0.0 0.0 0.0 10.4 0.0 0.0

Arkansas 3,327,798 22.6 77.4 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

California 30,205,605 89.2 0.0 0.0 10.5 0.0 0.0 0.4

Colorado 3,863,349 3.5 0.0 0.0 52.3 40.1 0.0 4.2

Connecticut 4,240,259 29.5 0.0 0.0 22.6 0.0 47.9 0.0

Delaware 1,728,418 82.2 4.9 0.0 0.0 0.0 12.9 0.0

District of Columbia 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Florida 31,916,010 90.9 0.0 0.0 3.8 0.0 5.4 0.0

Georgia 41,957,153 87.5 0 0 0 0 12.5 0

Hawaii 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Idaho 285,900 100 0 0 0 0 0 0

Illinois 48,987,800 30.1 0 1.4 46.9 5.5 7.6 8.6

Indiana 5,016,784 52 0 0 48 0 0 0

Iowa 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Kansas 3,076,849 78.1 0 2.7 19.2 0 0 0

Kentucky 5,157,517 87.3 0 0 0 0 12.7 0

Louisiana 1,000,000 100 0 0 0 0 0 0

Maine 254,000 17.3 0.0 0.0 82.7 0.0 0.0 0.0

Maryland 27,064,205 73.1 4.4 0.0 0.0 17.0 0.0 5.5

Massachusetts 37,679,632 18.3 21.8 0.0 5.3 15.4 35.5 3.7

Michigan 20,256,188 76.6 23.4 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Minnesota 13,555,761 5.4 58.2 3.4 27.1 0.0 2.1 3.8

Mississippi 5,571,218 0.0 100.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Missouri 3,133,291 97.8 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 2.2

Montana 622,456 0.0 51.8 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 48.2

Nebraska 891,363 38.1 0.0 0.0 49.0 11.6 0.0 1.3

Nevada 1,218,058 97.8 0.0 0.0 2.2 0.0 0.0 0.0

New Hampshire 80,000 31.3 0.0 0.0 0.0 68.8 0.0 0.0

See footnotes at end of table.
 Table 25d.--Percentage distribution of expenditures of state library agencies, from state sources, for financial assistance to libraries, by type 

 of library/program and state: Fiscal year 1998--Continued

Financial assistance to libraries, from state sources

Individual Public Other Multitype Single

public library individual library agency or Library Other

State Total libraries systems libraries systems library* construction assistance

 Percentage distribution

New Jersey $12,120,238 68.1 0.0 3.0 27.6 1.3 0.0 0.0

New Mexico 250,002 100.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

New York 89,531,153 50.0 29.3 5.2 6.4 0.6 0.8 7.6

North Carolina 14,949,669 100.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

North Dakota 534,530 100.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Ohio 8,506,846 0.0 5.1 0.0 4.9 88.8 0.0 1.2

Oklahoma 1,651,482 24.3 75.7 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Oregon 529,319 86.9 8.0 5.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Pennsylvania 39,509,180 64.1 2.3 7.8 21.9 0.9 3.0 0.0

Rhode Island 4,089,330 39.7 0.0 0.2 0.0 20.1 39.9 0.0

South Carolina 5,383,969 100.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

South Dakota 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Tennessee 6,915,210 22.2 71.7 0.0 0.2 4.6 1.3 0.0

Texas 4,882,459 0.0 100.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Utah 1,211,900 100.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Vermont 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Virginia 14,674,403 96.4 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 3.6

Washington 934,000 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 100.0 0.0 0.0

West Virginia 7,338,884 100.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Wisconsin 13,805,965 0.0 93.2 0.0 0.0 6.8 0.0 0.0

Wyoming 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

* Financial assistance to a single agency or library providing a statewide service.

NOTE: Because of rounding, detail may not add to totals. 

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, State Library Agencies Survey, Fiscal Year 1998. 
 Table 25e.--Per capita expenditures of state library agencies, from all sources, for financial assistance to libraries by type of library/program 

 and state: Fiscal year 1998

Financial assistance to libraries per capita, from all sources 1

Total financial Individual Public Other Multitype Single

assistance public library individual library agency or Library Other

State per capita libraries systems libraries systems library 2

construction assistance

Per capita expenditure

50 States and DC $2.26 $1.25 $0.36 $0.05 $0.24 $0.14 $0.15 $0.07

Alabama 1.48 1.21 0.24 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.03 0.00

Alaska 2.20 1.37 0.00 0.08 0.00 0.70 0.00 0.05

Arizona 0.42 0.39 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.02 0.02 0.00

Arkansas 1.64 0.35 1.21 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.08 0.00

California 1.28 0.87 0.01 0.02 0.13 0.17 0.04 0.04

Colorado 1.12 0.12 0.00 0.02 0.54 0.40 0.00 0.04

Connecticut 1.43 0.45 0.00 0.00 0.31 0.00 0.67 0.00

Delaware 2.75 2.16 0.22 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.36 0.00

District of Columbia 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

Florida 2.49 2.26 0.00 0.00 0.08 0.00 0.15 0.00

Georgia 5.71 5.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.71 0.00

Hawaii 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

Idaho 0.63 0.63 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

Illinois 4.97 1.56 0.00 0.15 2.21 0.26 0.40 0.40

Indiana 1.22 0.66 0.00 0.01 0.43 0.08 0.00 0.04

Iowa 0.09 0.02 0.00 0.00 0.02 0.00 0.04 0.01

Kansas 1.51 0.98 0.00 0.05 0.46 0.02 0.00 0.00

Kentucky 1.55 1.37 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.18 0.00

Louisiana 0.23 0.23 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

Maine 0.20 0.04 0.00 0.00 0.17 0.00 0.00 0.00

Maryland 5.82 4.14 0.28 0.00 0.00 1.11 0.00 0.30

Massachusetts 6.50 1.19 1.35 0.00 0.53 0.96 2.25 0.23

Michigan 2.53 1.87 0.56 0.02 0.02 0.00 0.07 0.00

Minnesota 3.29 0.17 1.96 0.10 0.83 0.00 0.11 0.12

Mississippi 2.22 0.00 2.16 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.06 0.00

Missouri 0.85 0.77 0.00 0.00 0.02 0.04 0.00 0.01

Montana 0.99 0.08 0.39 0.00 0.08 0.05 0.04 0.35

Nebraska 0.86 0.29 0.00 0.01 0.40 0.09 0.06 0.01

Nevada 0.94 0.86 0.00 0.02 0.06 0.01 0.00 0.00

New Hampshire 0.28 0.03 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.13 0.12 0.00

See footnotes at end of table.
 Table 25e.--Per capita expenditures of state library agencies, from all sources, for financial assistance to libraries by type of library/program 

 and state: Fiscal year 1998--Continued

Financial assistance to libraries per capita, from all sources 1

Total financial Individual Public Other Multitype Single

assistance public library individual library agency or Library Other

State per capita libraries systems libraries systems library 2

construction assistance

Per capita expenditure

New Jersey $1.63 $1.10 $0.00 $0.06 $0.42 $0.03 $0.03 $0.00

New Mexico 0.32 0.18 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.13 0.00

New York 5.20 2.49 1.62 0.26 0.34 0.03 0.08 0.38

North Carolina 2.42 2.38 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.04 0.00

North Dakota 0.84 0.84 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

Ohio 1.11 0.10 0.08 0.00 0.11 0.74 0.03 0.05

Oklahoma 0.76 0.23 0.43 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.10 0.00

Oregon 0.63 0.34 0.02 0.05 0.00 0.17 0.01 0.05

Pennsylvania 3.55 2.18 0.14 0.26 0.73 0.13 0.10 0.00

Rhode Island 4.17 1.67 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.83 1.64 0.01

South Carolina 1.77 1.66 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.10 0.00

South Dakota 0.10 0.02 0.00 0.04 0.00 0.00 0.05 0.00

Tennessee 1.57 0.37 1.03 0.00 0.00 0.10 0.06 0.00

Texas 0.59 0.06 0.42 0.00 0.08 0.00 0.03 0.00

Utah 1.28 1.18 0.00 0.06 0.00 0.00 0.04 0.01

Vermont 0.19 0.04 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.14 0.00

Virginia 2.26 2.14 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.04 0.08

Washington 0.35 0.03 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.23 0.00 0.10

West Virginia 4.25 4.25 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

Wisconsin 2.90 0.09 2.60 0.01 0.00 0.19 0.00 0.00

Wyoming 0.81 0.00 0.64 0.06 0.00 0.00 0.10 0.00

1 Per capita data are based on official state population estimates from the National Center for Education Statistics' Public Libraries Survey, Fiscal Year 1997.

2

 Financial assistance to a single agency or library providing a statewide service.

NOTE: Because of rounding, detail may not add to totals. 

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, State Library Agencies Survey, Fiscal Year 1998. 
 Table 25f.--Per capita expenditures of state library agencies, from state sources, for financial assistance to libraries, by type of library/program 

 and state: Fiscal year 1998

Financial assistance to libraries per capita, from state sources 1

Total state Individual Public Other Multitype Single

financial assistance public library individual library agency or Library Other

State per capita libraries systems libraries systems library 2

construction assistance

Per capita expenditure

50 States and DC $1.99 $1.14 $0.32 $0.04 $0.22 $0.10 $0.12 $0.06

Alabama 1.24 1.01 0.23 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

Alaska 1.55 1.28 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.21 0.00 0.05

Arizona 0.16 0.14 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.02 0.00 0.00

Arkansas 1.46 0.33 1.13 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

California 0.93 0.83 0.00 0.00 0.10 0.00 0.00 0.00

Colorado 0.99 0.03 0.00 0.00 0.52 0.40 0.00 0.04

Connecticut 1.30 0.38 0.00 0.00 0.29 0.00 0.62 0.00

Delaware 2.59 2.13 0.13 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.33 0.00

District of Columbia 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

Florida 2.17 1.97 0.00 0.00 0.08 0.00 0.12 0.00

Georgia 5.66 4.96 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.71 0.00

Hawaii 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

Idaho 0.24 0.24 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

Illinois 4.65 1.40 0.00 0.06 2.18 0.26 0.35 0.40

Indiana 0.90 0.47 0.00 0.00 0.43 0.00 0.00 0.00

Iowa 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

Kansas 1.20 0.94 0.00 0.03 0.23 0.00 0.00 0.00

Kentucky 1.40 1.22 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.18 0.00

Louisiana 0.23 0.23 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

Maine 0.20 0.04 0.00 0.00 0.17 0.00 0.00 0.00

Maryland 5.35 3.91 0.24 0.00 0.00 0.91 0.00 0.30

Massachusetts 6.18 1.13 1.35 0.00 0.33 0.96 2.20 0.23

Michigan 2.18 1.67 0.51 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

Minnesota 2.89 0.16 1.68 0.10 0.79 0.00 0.06 0.11

Mississippi 2.07 0.00 2.07 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

Missouri 0.58 0.57 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01

Montana 0.73 0.00 0.38 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.35

Nebraska 0.56 0.21 0.00 0.00 0.28 0.07 0.00 0.01

Nevada 0.72 0.71 0.00 0.00 0.02 0.00 0.00 0.00

New Hampshire 0.07 0.02 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.05 0.00 0.00

See footnotes at end of table.
 Table 25f.--Per capita expenditures of state library agencies, from state sources, for financial assistance to libraries, by type of library/program 

 and state: Fiscal year 1998--Continued

Financial assistance to libraries per capita, from state sources 1

Total state Individual Public Other Multitype Single

financial assistance public library individual library agency or Library Other

State per capita libraries systems libraries systems library 2

construction assistance

Per capita expenditure

New Jersey $1.52 $1.03 $0.00 $0.04 $0.42 $0.02 $0.00 $0.00

New Mexico 0.15 0.15 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

New York 4.98 2.49 1.46 0.26 0.32 0.03 0.04 0.38

North Carolina 2.04 2.04 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

North Dakota 0.84 0.84 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

Ohio 0.76 0.00 0.04 0.00 0.04 0.68 0.00 0.01

Oklahoma 0.50 0.12 0.38 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

Oregon 0.17 0.14 0.01 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

Pennsylvania 3.32 2.13 0.08 0.26 0.73 0.03 0.10 0.00

Rhode Island 4.10 1.63 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.82 1.64 0.00

South Carolina 1.43 1.43 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

South Dakota 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

Tennessee 1.32 0.29 0.94 0.00 0.00 0.06 0.02 0.00

Texas 0.26 0.00 0.26 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

Utah 0.60 0.60 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

Vermont 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

Virginia 2.18 2.10 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.08

Washington 0.17 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.17 0.00 0.00

West Virginia 4.09 4.09 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

Wisconsin 2.66 0.00 2.48 0.00 0.00 0.18 0.00 0.00

Wyoming 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

1

 Per capita data are based on official state population estimates from the National Center for Education Statistics' Public Libraries Survey, Fiscal Year 1997.

2

 Financial assistance to a single agency or library providing a statewide service.

NOTE: Because of rounding, detail may not add to totals. 

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, State Library Agencies Survey, Fiscal Year 1998. 
 Table 26a.--LSTA expenditures of state library agencies, by type of expenditure and state: Fiscal Year 1998

LSTA expenditures, by type 1

LSTA expenditures, by type

Statewide LSTA Statewide LSTA

State Total services 2 Grants administration services Grants administration

 In thousands of dollars Percentage distribution

50 States and DC $104,727 $42,414 $60,044 $2,269 40.5 57.3 2.2

Alabama 1,703 796 862 44 46.8 50.7 2.6

Alaska 402 0 402 0 0.0 100.0 0.0

Arizona 1,802 830 920 52 46.1 51.0 2.9

Arkansas 1,019 794 216 9 77.9 21.2 0.9

California 12,880 2,764 10,021 94 21.5 77.8 0.7

Colorado 1,611 1,069 503 38 66.4 31.2 2.4

Connecticut 1,517 1,209 290 19 79.7 19.1 1.2

Delaware 680 592 86 2 87.1 12.6 0.3

District of Columbia 508 508 0 1 99.9 0.0 0.1

Florida 5,423 1,078 4,266 78 19.9 78.7 1.4

Georgia 2,032 1,711 316 4 84.2 15.6 0.2

Hawaii 445 445 0 0 100.0 0.0 0.0

Idaho 663 348 308 7 52.5 46.5 1.0

Illinois 1,716 0 1,666 50 0.0 97.1 2.9

Indiana 1,853 166 1,547 140 8.9 83.5 7.5

Iowa 1,236 1,103 132 0 89.3 10.7 0.0

Kansas 1,279 430 794 55 33.6 62.1 4.3

Kentucky 1,724 1,137 540 47 66.0 31.3 2.7

Louisiana 2,239 2,183 0 56 97.5 0.0 2.5

Maine 714 714 0 0 100.0 0.0 0.0

Maryland 2,851 417 2,394 40 14.6 83.9 1.4

Massachusetts 2,513 886 1,585 43 35.2 63.1 1.7

Michigan 5,465 2,162 3,303 0 39.6 60.4 0.0

Minnesota 1,692 39 1,597 56 2.3 94.4 3.3

Mississippi 914 649 256 8 71.1 28.0 0.9

Missouri 1,991 583 1,408 0 29.3 70.7 0.0

Montana 567 349 190 28 61.5 33.5 5.0

Nebraska 931 426 474 31 45.8 50.9 3.3

Nevada 714 289 374 51 40.5 52.4 7.2

New Hampshire 744 620 94 30 83.3 12.7 4.0

See footnotes at end of table.
 Table 26a.--LSTA expenditures of state library agencies, by type of expenditure and state: Fiscal Year 1998--Continued

LSTA expenditures, by type 1

LSTA expenditures, by type

Statewide LSTA Statewide LSTA

State Total services 2 Grants administration services Grants administration

 In thousands of dollars Percentage distribution

New Jersey $1,014 $905 $104 $5 89.3 10.2 0.5

New Mexico 771 688 82 0 89.3 10.7 0.0

New York 6,659 3,051 3,316 292 45.8 49.8 4.4

North Carolina 2,874 326 2,469 78 11.4 85.9 2.7

North Dakota 516 516 0 0 100.0 0.0 0.0

Ohio 3,575 0 3,575 0 0.0 100.0 0.0

Oklahoma 1,841 1,321 520 0 71.8 28.2 0.0

Oregon 1,591 111 1,437 43 7.0 90.3 2.7

Pennsylvania 4,657 1,884 2,661 112 40.5 57.1 2.4

Rhode Island 673 606 67 0 90.0 10.0 0.0

South Carolina 1,957 1,064 882 10 54.4 45.1 0.5

South Dakota 506 429 40 36 84.9 8.0 7.2

Tennessee 1,789 561 1,136 92 31.4 63.5 5.2

Texas 6,636 543 5,861 232 8.2 88.3 3.5

Utah 740 254 467 19 34.3 63.2 2.5

Vermont 483 458 19 5 95.0 4.0 1.0

Virginia 2,614 2,239 261 114 85.7 10.0 4.4

Washington 2,243 1,080 1,055 108 48.2 47.0 4.8

West Virginia 844 515 286 42 61.1 33.9 5.0

Wisconsin 2,460 1,135 1,230 95 46.1 50.0 3.9

Wyoming 459 427 32 0 93.0 7.0 0.0

1

 LSTA--the Library Services and Technology Act (P.L. 104-208). 

2 Funds expended by the state library agency to provide services to libraries and individuals throughout the state. Excludes subgrants made 

 to single libraries or other outside agencies to provide or assist in providing such services.

NOTES: 1. Because of rounding, detail may not add to totals. 

 2. Percentages may not sum to 100.0 due to rounding.

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, State Library Agencies Survey, Fiscal Year 1998.
 Table 26b.--LSTA expenditures of state library agencies, by use of expenditure and state: Fiscal Year 1998

LSTA expenditures, by use * LSTA expenditures, by use

Electronic Services to Electronic Services to

networking/ persons having Services to networking/ persons having Services to

electronic difficulty using children LSTA electronic difficulty using children LSTA

State Total access a library in poverty administration access a library in poverty administration

In thousands of dollars Percentage distribution

50 States and DC $104,727 $70,249 $26,682 $5,527 $2,269 67.1 25.5 5.3 2.2

Alabama 1,703 537 641 480 44 31.6 37.6 28.2 2.6

Alaska 402 168 233 0 0 42.0 58.0 0.0 0.0

Arizona 1,802 1,381 317 51 52 76.7 17.6 2.8 2.9

Arkansas 1,019 766 39 204 9 75.2 3.9 20.0 0.9

California 12,880 10,922 990 874 94 84.8 7.7 6.8 0.7

Colorado 1,611 1,095 469 8 38 68.0 29.1 0.5 2.4

Connecticut 1,517 291 959 248 19 19.2 63.2 16.3 1.2

Delaware 680 587 91 0 2 86.3 13.4 0.0 0.3

District of Columbia 508 315 120 73 1 62.0 23.5 14.4 0.1

Florida 5,423 4,022 1,234 88 78 74.2 22.8 1.6 1.4

Georgia 2,032 1,993 0 35 4 98.1 0.0 1.7 0.2

Hawaii 445 445 0 0 0 100.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Idaho 663 144 510 2 7 21.8 76.9 0.3 1.0

Illinois 1,716 1,666 0 0 50 97.1 0.0 0.0 2.9

Indiana 1,853 918 795 0 140 49.6 42.9 0.0 7.5

Iowa 1,236 865 142 229 0 70.0 11.5 18.5 0.0

Kansas 1,279 498 726 0 55 38.9 56.8 0.0 4.3

Kentucky 1,724 756 846 76 47 43.8 49.1 4.4 2.7

Louisiana 2,239 796 1,261 126 56 35.6 56.3 5.6 2.5

Maine 714 499 215 0 0 69.9 30.1 0.0 0.0

Maryland 2,851 2,697 60 54 40 94.6 2.1 1.9 1.4

Massachusetts 2,513 1,248 986 237 43 49.6 39.2 9.4 1.7

Michigan 5,465 4,125 827 512 0 75.5 15.1 9.4 0.0

Minnesota 1,692 1,241 395 0 56 73.3 23.4 0.0 3.3

Mississippi 914 349 393 164 8 38.1 43.0 18.0 0.9

Missouri 1,991 1,703 289 0 0 85.5 14.5 0.0 0.0

Montana 567 397 142 0 28 70.0 25.1 0.0 5.0

Nebraska 931 210 690 0 31 22.5 74.1 0.0 3.3

Nevada 714 213 357 92 51 29.9 50.0 12.9 7.2

New Hampshire 744 253 265 196 30 34.1 35.6 26.3 4.0

See footnotes at end of table.
 Table 26b.--LSTA expenditures of state library agencies, by use of expenditure and state: Fiscal Year 1998--Continued

LSTA expenditures, by use * LSTA expenditures, by use

Electronic Services to Electronic Services to

networking/ persons having Services to networking/ persons having Services to

electronic difficulty using children LSTA electronic difficulty using children LSTA

State Total access a library in poverty administration access a library in poverty administration

In thousands of dollars Percentage distribution

New Jersey $1,014 $393 $616 $0 $5 38.8 60.7 0.0 0.5

New Mexico 771 67 703 0 0 8.7 91.3 0.0 0.0

New York 6,659 3,485 2,883 0 292 52.3 43.3 0.0 4.4

North Carolina 2,874 1,442 1,354 0 78 50.2 47.1 0.0 2.7

North Dakota 516 20 496 0 0 3.9 96.1 0.0 0.0

Ohio 3,575 3,575 0 0 0 100.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Oklahoma 1,841 1,841 0 0 0 100.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Oregon 1,591 741 755 51 43 46.6 47.5 3.2 2.7

Pennsylvania 4,657 2,022 2,491 31 112 43.4 53.5 0.7 2.4

Rhode Island 673 103 524 46 0 15.3 77.8 6.9 0.0

South Carolina 1,957 1,025 567 354 10 52.4 29.0 18.1 0.5

South Dakota 506 233 187 49 36 46.1 37.0 9.7 7.2

Tennessee 1,789 718 231 748 92 40.1 12.9 41.8 5.2

Texas 6,636 5,846 251 307 232 88.1 3.8 4.6 3.5

Utah 740 390 305 26 19 52.7 41.2 3.5 2.5

Vermont 483 162 315 0 5 33.7 65.3 0.0 1.0

Virginia 2,614 2,500 0 0 114 95.6 0.0 0.0 4.4

Washington 2,243 1,362 773 0 108 60.7 34.5 0.0 4.8

West Virginia 844 801 0 0 42 95.0 0.0 0.0 5.0

Wisconsin 2,460 1,962 237 166 95 79.8 9.6 6.7 3.9

Wyoming 459 459 0 0 0 100.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

* LSTA--the Library Services and Technology Act (P.L. 104-208). 

NOTES: 1. Because of rounding, detail may not add to totals. 

 2. Percentages may not sum to 100.0 due to rounding.

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, State Library Agencies Survey, Fiscal Year 1998.
 Table 27.--Allied operations expenditures of state library agencies, by type of expenditure, and allied operations expenditures as a percent of 

 total expenditures, by state: Fiscal year 1998

Allied operations expenditures, by type Allied operations expenditures, by type

 Operating expenditures Operating expenditures Percent

Capital Capital of total

State Total Total Staff Other outlay Total Staff Other outlay expenditures

In thousands of dollars Percentage distribution

50 States and DC $23,138 $21,762 $14,752 $7,010 $1,376 94.1 63.8 30.3 5.9 2.7

Alabama 0 0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Alaska 0 0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Arizona 2,787 2,782 1,460 1,322 5 99.8 52.4 47.4 0.2 31.9

Arkansas 0 0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

California 2,787 2,787 2,051 736 0 100.0 73.6 26.4 0.0 4.9

Colorado 0 0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Connecticut 1,010 1,008 952 55 2 99.8 94.3 5.5 0.2 5.6

Delaware 0 0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

District of Columbia 0 0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Florida 1,403 1,353 912 442 50 96.5 65.0 31.5 3.5 3.1

Georgia 0 0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Hawaii 0 0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Idaho 0 0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Illinois 0 0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Indiana 0 0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Iowa 0 0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Kansas 110 110 90 20 0 100.0 81.7 18.3 0.0 1.8

Kentucky 2,461 2,423 1,947 476 37 98.5 79.1 19.3 1.5 15.3

Louisiana 0 0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Maine 0 0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Maryland 0 0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Massachusetts 0 0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Michigan 0 0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Minnesota 0 0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Mississippi 0 0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Missouri 0 0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Montana 906 873 471 402 33 96.4 52.0 44.4 3.6 28.8

Nebraska 0 0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Nevada 591 591 530 61 0 100.0 89.6 10.4 0.0 12.7

New Hampshire 0 0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

See footnotes at end of table.
 Table 27.--Allied operations expenditures of state library agencies, by type of expenditure, and allied operations expenditures as a percent of 

 total expenditures, by state: Fiscal year 1998--Continued

Allied operations expenditures, by type Allied operations expenditures, by type

Operating expenditures Operating expenditures Percent

Capital Capital of total

State Total Total Staff Other outlay Total Staff Other outlay expenditures

In thousands of dollars Percentage distribution

New Jersey $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

New Mexico 0 0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

New York 0 0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

North Carolina 0 0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

North Dakota 0 0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Ohio 0 0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Oklahoma 835 835 452 384 0 100.0 54.1 45.9 0.0 10.0

Oregon 0 0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Pennsylvania 0 0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Rhode Island 0 0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

South Carolina 0 0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

South Dakota 0 0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Tennessee 2,480 2,480 1,630 851 0 100.0 65.7 34.3 0.0 17.9

Texas 3,030 2,897 2,157 739 133 95.6 71.2 24.4 4.4 13.8

Utah 0 0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Vermont 0 0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Virginia 3,819 2,703 1,959 744 1,116 70.8 51.3 19.5 29.2 12.3

Washington 0 0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

West Virginia 472 472 141 331 0 100.0 29.9 70.1 0.0 4.6

Wisconsin 446 446 0 446 0 100.0 0.0 100.0 0.0 2.2

Wyoming 0 0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

NOTES: 1. Because of rounding, detail may not add to totals. 

 2. Percentages may not sum to 100.0 due to rounding.

 3. Expenditures for allied operations were reported only if the expenditures were from the agency's budget. Alaska reported

 allied operations (table 2) that were not funded from the state library agency budget.

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, State Library Agencies Survey, Fiscal Year 1998.
 Table 28.--Expenditures from all sources of state library agencies to assist public libraries with state or national 

 education reform initiatives, by type of initiative and state: Fiscal year 1998

State or national State or national

education reform initiative education reform initiative

Readiness Adult Lifelong Readiness Adult Lifelong

State Total for school literacy learning for school literacy learning

In thousands of dollars Percentage distribution

50 States and DC $18,959 $5,099 $5,641 $8,218 26.9 29.8 43.3

Alabama 0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Alaska 0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Arizona 1,874 51 0 1,823 2.7 0.0 97.3

Arkansas 0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0

California 7,871 1,598 3,849 2,423 20.3 48.9 30.8

Colorado 88 0 0 88 0.0 0.0 100.0

Connecticut 164 61 64 39 37.2 39.2 23.6

Delaware 0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0

District of Columbia 0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Florida 180 88 0 92 48.9 0.0 51.1

Georgia 0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Hawaii 0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Idaho 0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Illinois 0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Indiana 197 0 56 141 0.0 28.4 71.6

Iowa 0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Kansas 24 12 12 0 49.1 50.9 0.0

Kentucky 0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Louisiana 126 126 0 0 100.0 0.0 0.0

Maine 0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Maryland 145 55 0 90 37.8 0.0 62.2

Massachusetts 221 0 0 221 0.0 0.0 100.0

Michigan 3,078 1,063 33 1,982 34.5 1.1 64.4

Minnesota 300 183 0 117 60.9 0.0 39.1

Mississippi 161 100 61 0 62.0 38.0 0.0

Missouri 112 7 57 47 6.6 51.2 42.3

Montana 0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Nebraska 7 7 0 0 100.0 0.0 0.0

Nevada 106 21 39 47 19.3 36.8 44.0

New Hampshire 7 0 7 0 0.0 100.0 0.0

See footnotes at end of table.
 Table 28.--Expenditures from all sources of state library agencies to assist public libraries with state or national 

 education reform initiatives, by type of initiative and state: Fiscal year 1998--Continued

State or national State or national

education reform initiative education reform initiative

Readiness Adult Lifelong Readiness Adult Lifelong

State Total for school literacy learning for school literacy learning

In thousands of dollars Percentage distribution

New Jersey $157 $0 $157 $0 0.0 100.0 0.0

New Mexico 700 125 450 125 17.9 64.3 17.9

New York 826 422 380 24 51.1 46.0 2.9

North Carolina 81 67 0 14 82.2 0.0 17.8

North Dakota 0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Ohio 0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Oklahoma 89 0 89 0 0.0 100.0 0.0

Oregon 529 529 0 0 100.0 0.0 0.0

Pennsylvania 348 31 304 13 9.0 87.3 3.7

Rhode Island 0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0

South Carolina 494 146 0 348 29.6 0.0 70.4

South Dakota 0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Tennessee 230 230 0 0 100.0 0.0 0.0

Texas 430 0 82 348 0.0 19.1 80.9

Utah 12 12 0 0 100.0 0.0 0.0

Vermont 0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Virginia 0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Washington 0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0

West Virginia 0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Wisconsin 403 166 0 237 41.2 0.0 58.8

Wyoming 0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0

NOTES: 1. Because of rounding, detail may not add to totals. 

 2. Percentages may not sum to 100.0 due to rounding.

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, State Library Agencies Survey, Fiscal Year 1998.
 
Appendixes
 
123

Appendix A—Survey Methodology

This report contains data on state library agencies in the 50 states and the District of Columbia for state fiscal

year 1998. The data were collected through the State Library Agencies (STLA) Survey, FY 1998, conducted

by the National Center for Education Statistics (NCES). The reporting unit for the survey is the state library

agency.

Survey Software

The STLA Survey is conducted using customized survey software, designed to minimize response burden and

provide NCES with state-edited data requiring minimal follow-up for data quality. Respondents are alerted to

questionable data during the data entry process by pop-up messages that prompt them to verify or revise the

data, as appropriate. The software also produces error/warning reports of these questionable data, for

viewing on-screen or as printed copy. The survey software and user guide are available to respondents on

diskette and over the Internet. The user guide contains the instructions for using the software and a facsimile

of the survey. The completed survey can be returned by regular mail on diskette, or transmitted over the

Internet via email or a File Transfer Program (FTP).

Mail-out, Editing, and Follow-up

To reduce response burden, the survey was pre-filled with prior-year data for items where the data are not

expected to change annually—most of Parts A through E and some of Part N, or about 40 percent of the

items. The respondent was requested to review the pre-entered data and update any information that

changed. All other data cells were pre-filled with a -2 (numeric items) or left blank (alphanumeric items)

for respondents to fill in, not update. The software does not permit the respondent to save a data file for

submission to NCES if a -2 remains in any data cell. The respondent was instructed to enter -1 for items

requiring numeric data if they did not know the answer, and to leave alphanumeric items blank if they could

not provide the data. A zero (0) is a reported response and indicates the STLA had none of the item. 

Missing data were not imputed.

The survey was transmitted to the states over the Internet (or sent by regular mail upon request) in midOctober of 1998 and had a due date of January 15, 1999. Nonresponse follow-up was conducted shortly after

the due date. The last state submission was received on September 22, 1999. The data were edited from

January through September of 1999. After data were received from all 50 states and the District of

Columbia, the preliminary national file was reviewed for data quality by the STLA Steering Committee,

NCES, and the Bureau of the Census (the data collection and processing agent for NCES). States were

contacted to request verification or correction of questionable data before the final file was produced. 

The STLA Survey software performs four types of data edit checks:

1. Relational edit checks. A data consistency check between related data elements. For example, an error

message is generated if the STLA is designated as a Federal depository library but does not indicate the

type of Federal depository library.

2. Out-of-range edit checks. A comparison of data reported for an item to the "acceptable range" of values.

 For example, an error message is generated if annual Circulation per annual Library Visits is less than

0.5.

3. Arithmetic edit checks. An arithmetic accuracy check of a reported total and its parts to the generated

total. For example, an error message is generated if Total Operating Expenditures is not equal to the sum

of its parts (Total Staff Expenditures, Collection Expenditures, and Other Operating Expenditures).
124

4. Blank/zero/invalid edit checks. A check of reported data against acceptable values. For example, an

error message is generated if Book/Serial Volumes is 0 or blank.

Survey Data Items

The survey collected data on 518 items, including the agency’s location in state government, public service

hours, number and types of service outlets, type and size of collections, library service transactions and

development transactions, electronic services and information, allied operations, staff, and income and

expenditures. Data were also collected on STLA services to public, academic, school, and special libraries,

and to library systems. The data items and definitions are provided in the survey facsimile at the end of this

report.

Universe

The state library agencies in the 50 states and the District of Columbia (51 total) comprise the survey

universe.

Response Rate

Unit Response. The FY 1998 STLA Survey had a 100 percent response rate. 

Item Response. Most items had a 100 percent response rate. The lowest response rate to any item was

86.3 percent (library visits). The remaining items with less than a 100 percent response rate are listed below

by survey item; they all had a 98.0 percent response rate:

 

006 - Zip + 4 (physical location address)

011 - Zip + 4 (mailing address)

016 - Internet (chief officer)

095 - Serial subscriptions

111 - Interlibrary loans received from other

 libraries/document delivery services

118 – Total attendance at continuing education

 program events

 

Reporting Period. The FY 1998 STLA Survey requested data for state fiscal year 1998, except for Part B–

Governance and Part I–Staff data which were requested as of October 1, 1998. The fiscal year of

most states is July 1 to June 30. Exceptions are New York (April 1 to March 31); Texas (September 1 to

August 31); and Alabama, the District of Columbia, and Michigan (October 1 to September 30).

Using the Data to Make Comparisons. The STLA data are not imputed for item nonresponse, so national

totals may be underestimated for some items. State comparisons should be made with caution because states

may vary in their fiscal year reporting periods and adherence to survey definitions. The District of Columbia,

while not a state, is included in the survey. Special care should be used in comparing District of Columbia

data with state data.
125

Appendix B—State Library Agencies that Were Applicants

to the Universal Service (E-Rate Discount) Program

Arizona

Colorado

Connecticut

District of Columbia

Delaware

Florida

Georgia

Hawaii

Idaho

Illinois

Indiana

Kansas

Louisiana

Maine

Mississippi

Missouri

Montana

Nebraska

Nevada

New Hampshire

New Jersey

New Mexico

New York

North Carolina

Oklahoma

Oregon

Pennsylvania

Rhode Island

South Dakota

Tennessee

Vermont

Washington

West Virginia

Wyoming

NOTE: This information is related to the fifth bullet of the Highlights of this report.

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, State Library

 Agencies Survey, FY 1998.
 
127

Appendix C—Recipients of Other Federal Income, by State and by Type of

Income Received

State Type of Income Received

Alabama Library Services and Construction Act (LSCA), Title II

Arkansas LSCA Title II

Arizona Arizona Humanities Council and FY92 LSCA Title I

California LSCA Title II

Colorado Adult Education Act and Improving America Schools Act, Title VI

Connecticut CT Newspaper Project Catalog

District of Columbia National Endowment for the Humanities (NEH)

Delaware LSCA Title II

Florida National Archives

Georgia LSCA Title II

Idaho NEH, Idaho Humanities Council

Iowa LSCA Title II

Massachusetts LSCA Title II

Michigan NEH, LSCA Title II

Minnesota Vocational Rehabilitation and School to Work

Missouri LSCA Title II

Montana Natural Resource Information System-various, LSCA Title II

New York LSCA Title II, NEH--New Netherlands and Newspaper Projects

North Carolina NEH--US Newspaper Project, LSCA Title II

Ohio LSCA Title II

Oklahoma Volunteers In Service to America, Temporary Assistance for

 Needy Families (TANF), LSCA Title II

Oregon LSCA Title II

Pennsylvania ESEA, Vocational Education Information Network, ADVANCE (adult

 literacy program under the Adult Education Act), NRC

South Carolina LSCA Title II

South Dakota LSCA Title II

Tennessee LSCA Title II

Texas LSCA Title II, THRAB grant (National Historical Publications and

 Records Commission)

Utah Library of Congress--Blind and Physically Handicapped Program, LSCA Title II

Virginia NEH Newspaper Project, LSCA Title II

Vermont LSCA Title II

Wisconsin Improving America Schools Act (Title III), Technology Literacy Challenge

Wyoming LSCA Title II

NOTE: This information is related to Table 16 of this report.

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, State Library

 Agencies Survey, FY 1998.
 
129

Appendix D—FY 1998 Survey Facsimile

1.4| VIEW/DATA ENTRY SCREEN - STLA SURVEY Pg 1

 PART A - STATE LIBRARY AGENCY IDENTIFICATION

001|STLA Name _______________________________________________________________ 

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Physical location address: 

002|Street ____________________________________________________________ 

003|City _________________ 004|State __ 005|Zip _____ 006|Zip+4 ____ 

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Mailing address: 

007|Street ____________________________________________________________ 

008|City _________________ 009|State __ 010a|Zip _____ 010b|Zip+4 ____ 

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

011|Web address: http://__________________________________________________

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Chief Officer of State Library Agency: |Survey Respondent: 

012|Name ____________________ |017|Name ____________________ 

013|Title ____________________ |018|Title ____________________ 

014|Telephone __________ |019|Telephone __________ 

015|Fax __________ |020|Fax __________ 

016|Internet |021|Internet 

 |__________________________________ | |__________________________________ 

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

 REPORTING PERIOD. Report data for State fiscal year 1997-98 (except Parts B & I)

022|FY starting date(mmddyyyy)__________023|FY ending date (mmddyyyy) __________

================================================================================

1.4| VIEW/DATA ENTRY SCREEN - STLA SURVEY Pg 2

 PART B - GOVERNANCE

1. What is the STLA's location in State government as of October 1, 1998? 

 Enter <X> in item 024, 025, or 026 and follow instructions on screen. 

================================================================================

024|_ Judicial branch - Skip to question 2. |

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------|

025|_ Legislative branch - Skip to question 2. |

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------|

026|_ Executive branch - Enter <X> for item 027 or 034 and follow instructions.|

027| _ Independent agency - Specify to whom the agency reports: |

028| _ Governor - Skip to question 2. |

029| _ Board/commission - Specify selection method(s): |

030| _ Appointed by Governor |

031| _ Appointed by other official |

032| _ Ex-officio members |

033| _ Elected members |

034| _ Part of larger agency - Specify: |

035| _ Department of education |

036| _ Department of cultural resources |

037| _ Department of state |

038| _ Other agency |

039| Specify __________________________________________________ |

===============================================================================|
130

1.4| VIEW/DATA ENTRY SCREEN - STLA SURVEY Pg 3

 PART C - ALLIED OPERATIONS, STATE RESOURCE OR

 REFERENCE/INFORMATION SERVICE CENTER, AND STATE CENTER FOR THE BOOK

2. Are any of the following allied operations combined with the STLA? 

 Enter <Y>es or <N>o for each item. Do not report Library for the Blind and

 Physically Handicapped or State Center for the Book, or a contract with 

 another library or other entity to provide a service on behalf of the STLA.

040|_ State archives 

041|_ Primary State legislative research organization 

042|_ State history museum/art gallery 

043|_ State records management service 

044|_ Other allied operation 

045| Specify __________________________________________________ 

==============================================================================

3. Does the STLA contract with a local public library or academic library to 

 serve as a state resource center or state reference/information 

 service center? Enter <Y>es or <N>o. 

046|_ 

==============================================================================

4. Does the STLA host or provide any funding to a State Center for the Book? 

 Enter <Y>es or <N>o. 

047|_ 

==============================================================================

1.4| VIEW/DATA ENTRY SCREEN - STLA SURVEY Pg 4

 PART D - SERVICES TO LIBRARIES AND SYSTEMS

5. Which of the following services are provided directly or by contract by the 

 STLA to libraries or systems? Enter <Y>es or <N>o for each service, for 

 each type of library and systems. 

================================================================================

 | Type of library | 

 Services to |------------------------------| 

 libraries and systems |Public|Academic|School|Special|Systems

============================================(a)=====(b)=====(c)====(d)=====(e)==

048|Accreditation of libraries | _ | _ | _ | _ | _ 

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

 Administration of: | | | | | 

049| LSTA grants | _ | _ | _ | _ | _ 

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

050| State aid | _ | _ | _ | _ | _ 

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

051|Certification of librarians | _ | _ | _ | _ | _ 

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

052|Collection of library statistics | _ | _ | _ | _ | _ 

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

053|Consulting services | _ | _ | _ | _ | _ 

================================================================================
131

1.4| VIEW/DATA ENTRY SCREEN - STLA SURVEY Pg 5

 PART D - SERVICES TO LIBRARIES AND SYSTEMS--continued

================================================================================

 | Type of library | 

 Services to |------------------------------| 

 libraries and systems |Public|Academic|School|Special|Systems

============================================(a)=====(b)=====(c)====(d)=====(e)==

054|Continuing education programs | _ | _ | _ | _ | _ 

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

055|Cooperative purchasing of library | _ | _ | _ | _ | _ 

 materials | | | | | 

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

056|Interlibrary loan referral services | _ | _ | _ | _ | _ 

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

057|Library legislation prepn/review | _ | _ | _ | _ | _ 

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

058|Library planning/evaluation/research | _ | _ | _ | _ | _ 

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

059|Literacy program support | _ | _ | _ | _ | _ 

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

060|OCLC Group Access Capability (GAC) | _ | _ | _ | _ | _ 

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

061|Preservation/conservation services | _ | _ | _ | _ | _ 

================================================================================

1.4| VIEW/DATA ENTRY SCREEN - STLA SURVEY Pg 6

 PART D - SERVICES TO LIBRARIES AND SYSTEMS--continued

================================================================================

 | Type of library | 

 Services to |------------------------------| 

 libraries and systems |Public|Academic|School|Special|Systems

============================================(a)=====(b)=====(c)====(d)=====(e)==

062|Reference referral services | _ | _ | _ | _ | _ 

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

063|Retro conversion of bibliog records | _ | _ | _ | _ | _ 

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

064|State standards/guidelines | _ | _ | _ | _ | _ 

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

065|Statewide public relations/library | _ | _ | _ | _ | _ 

 | promotion campaigns | | | | | 

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

066|Summer reading program support | _ | _ | _ | _ | _ 

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

067|Union list development | _ | _ | _ | _ | _ 

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

068|Universal Service Program (review | _ | _ | _ | _ | _ 

 |and approval of technology plans) | | | | | 

================================================================================
132

1.4| VIEW/DATA ENTRY SCREEN - STLA SURVEY Pg 7

 PART E - PUBLIC SERVICE HOURS, OUTLETS, AND USER GROUPS

6. Enter the total hours open in a typical week for all STLA outlets (main or 

 central, bookmobiles, and other outlets) that serve the general public 

 and/or state government employees, by the following categories: 

077|Total hours/week ____ 

078|Monday-Friday after 5:00 p.m. ____ 

079|Saturday and Sunday ____ 

================================================================================

7. On what basis are STLA outlets that serve the general public open to them? 

 Enter <Y>es or <N>o for each item. 

080|_ Walk-in 

081|_ Referral 

================================================================================

8. Enter the total number of STLA outlets by type, regardless of whom 

 they serve: 

082|Main or central outlet ____ 084|Bookmobiles ____ 

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

083|Other outlets, excluding bookmobiles ____ 085|TOTAL OUTLETS ____ 

================================================================================

1.4| VIEW/DATA ENTRY SCREEN - STLA SURVEY Pg 8

 PART E - PUBLIC SERVICE HOURS, OUTLETS, AND USER GROUPS--continued

9. Enter the number of STLA outlets that serve the following user groups, 

 in whole or in part, by type of outlet. 

================================================================================

 | Type of outlet | 

 |---------------------------| 

 | | Other| | 

 |Main or| outlets,| | 

 |Central| excluding| Book-| TOTAL

 User groups | outlet|bookmobiles|mobiles|OUTLETS

===============================================(a)=======(b)=======(c)=====(d)==

086|Blind/physically handicapped individuals| ____ | ____ | ____ | ____

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

087|Residents of state correctional instits | ____ | ____ | ____ | ____

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

088|Residents of other state institutions | ____ | ____ | ____ | ____

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

089|State government employees (executive, | ____ | ____ | ____ | ____

 legislative, or judicial) | | | | 

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

090|General public | ____ | ____ | ____ | ____

================================================================================
133

1.4| VIEW/DATA ENTRY SCREEN - STLA SURVEY Pg 9

 PART F - COLLECTIONS

 

10.Enter the total number of volumes or physical units in the following 

 selected formats in all STLA outlets (main or central, bookmobiles, and other

 outlets) that serve the general public and/or state government employees. 

================================================================= 

 Selected formats | Number | 

================================================================| 

091|Book and serial volumes (exclude microforms) | ________ | 

----------------------------------------------------------------| 

092|Audio materials | ________ | 

----------------------------------------------------------------| 

094|Video materials | ________ | 

----------------------------------------------------------------| 

095|Serial subscriptions (titles, not individual | ________ | 

 issues) (exclude microforms) | | 

----------------------------------------------------------------| 

096|Government documents (include only government | ________ | 

 documents not accessible through the library | | 

 catalog and not reported elsewhere) | | 

================================================================= 

1.4| VIEW/DATA ENTRY SCREEN - STLA SURVEY Pg 10

 PART F - COLLECTIONS--continued

11. Does the STLA maintain a general collection? Enter <Y>es or <N>o. 

097|_ 

================================================================================

 

12. Is the STLA designated as a Federal or State depository library for 

 government documents? Enter <Y>es or <N>o for each item. 

106|_ State depository library 

107|_ Federal depository library - Specify <Y>es or <N>o for each item: 

108| _ Regional 109|_ Selective 

================================================================================

1.4| VIEW/DATA ENTRY SCREEN - STLA SURVEY Pg 11

 PART G - LIBRARY SERVICE TRANSACTIONS

13. Enter ANNUAL totals for the following types of service transactions

 in all STLA outlets (main or central, bookmobiles, and other outlets)

 that serve the general public and/or state government employees.

=================================================================

 Service transactions | Number |

================================================================|

110|Circulation (Exclude items checked out to | |

 | another library) | _______ |

----------------------------------------------------------------|

111|Interlibrary loan/document delivery: | |

 | Provided to other libraries | _______ |

----------------------------------------------------------------|

112| Received from other libraries and | |

 | document delivery services | _______ |

----------------------------------------------------------------|

113|Reference transactions | _______ |

----------------------------------------------------------------|

114|Library visits | _______ |

=================================================================
134

1.4| VIEW/DATA ENTRY SCREEN - STLA SURVEY Pg 12

 PART H - LIBRARY DEVELOPMENT TRANSACTIONS

14. Enter ANNUAL totals for the following types of library 

 development transactions of the STLA. 

============================================================

 Library development transactions | Number |

===========================================================|

 LSTA and State grants: | |

115| Grants monitored | ______ |

-----------------------------------------------------------|

116| On-site monitoring visits | ______ |

-----------------------------------------------------------|

 Continuing education programs: | |

117| Number of events | ______ |

-----------------------------------------------------------|

118| Total attendance at events | ______ |

============================================================

1.4| VIEW/DATA ENTRY SCREEN - STLA SURVEY Pg 13

 PART I - STAFF

15.Enter total STLA staff in FTE's (to 2 decimal places) by position and service

on the payroll as of October 1, 1998. Include unfilled but budgeted positions. 

================================================================================

 |Librarians | Other | Other | 

 | with | profes- | paid | TOTAL 

 Type of service | ALA-MLS | sionals | staff | STAFF 

======================================(a)=========(b)=========(c)=========(d)===

119|Administration | _______ | _______ | _______ | _______

================================================================================

 Library development: | | | | 

120| Public library | _______ | _______ | _______ | _______

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

121| School library media center| _______ | _______ | _______ | _______

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

122| Academic library | _______ | _______ | _______ | _______

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

123| Special library | _______ | _______ | _______ | _______

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

124| Other library development | _______ | _______ | _______ | _______

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

125| TOTAL LIBRARY DEVELOPMENT | _______ | _______ | _______ | _______

================================================================================

1.4| VIEW/DATA ENTRY SCREEN - STLA SURVEY Pg 14

 PART I - STAFF--continued

================================================================================

 |Librarians | Other | Other | 

 | with | profes- | paid | TOTAL 

 Type of service | ALA-MLS | sionals | staff | STAFF 

======================================(a)=========(b)=========(c)=========(d)===

 Library services | | | | 

126| Public services | _______ | _______ | _______ | _______

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

127| Technical services | _______ | _______ | _______ | _______

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

128| Other library services | _______ | _______ | _______ | _______

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

129| TOTAL LIBRARY SERVICES | _______ | _______ | _______ | _______

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

130|Other services | _______ | _______ | _______ | _______

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

131|TOTAL STAFF | _______ | _______ | _______ | _______

================================================================================
135

1.4| VIEW/DATA ENTRY SCREEN - STLA SURVEY Pg 15

 PART I - STAFF--continued

16. Enter the number of STLA staff in FTE'S (to 2 decimal places), by position 

 and selected staff specialty, on the payroll as of October 1, 1998. 

 Include unfilled but budgeted positions. 

================================================================================

 |Librarians | Other | Other | 

 | with | profes- | paid | TOTAL 

 Selected staff specialty | ALA-MLS | sionals | staff | STAFF 

======================================(a)=========(b)=========(c)=========(d)===

 |Administration of: | | | | 

132a| LSTA grants | _______ | _______ | _______ | _______

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

132b| State aid | _______ | _______ | _______ | _______

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

133|Automation/electronic network| | | | 

 |development/telecommunication| _______ | _______ | _______ | _______

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

134|Blind and physically handi- | | | | 

 | capped services | _______ | _______ | _______ | _______

================================================================================

1.4| VIEW/DATA ENTRY SCREEN - STLA SURVEY Pg 16

 PART I - STAFF--continued

================================================================================

 |Librarians | Other | Other | 

 | with | profes- | paid | TOTAL 

 Selected staff specialty | ALA-MLS | sionals | staff | STAFF 

======================================(a)=========(b)=========(c)=========(d)===

135|Children's/young adult | | | | 

 | services | _______ | _______ | _______ | _______

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

136|Institutional library | | | | 

 | services | _______ | _______ | _______ | _______

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

137|Library statistics | _______ | _______ | _______ | _______

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

138|Literacy program support | _______ | _______ | _______ | _______

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

139|Marketing/communications | _______ | _______ | _______ | _______

================================================================================

1.4| VIEW/DATA ENTRY SCREEN - STLA SURVEY Pg 17

 PART I - STAFF--continued

17. Enter total STLA staff by position, race/ethnicity, gender, and full-time/ 

 part-time status, on the payroll as of October 1, 1998. Exclude unfilled 

 but budgeted positions. 

================================================================================

 |Librarians | Other | Other | 

 Race/ethnicity, gender, and | with | profes- | paid | TOTAL 

 full-time/part-time status | ALA-MLS | sionals | staff | STAFF 

========================================(a)=========(b)=========(c)=======(d)===

 American Indian/Alaskan Native:| | | | 

140a|Men (full-time) | _______ | _______ | _______ |_______ 

140b|Men (part-time) | _______ | _______ | _______ |_______ 

141a|Women (full-time) | _______ | _______ | _______ |_______ 

141b|Women (part-time) | _______ | _______ | _______ |_______ 

================================================================================

 Asian or Pacific Islander: | | | | 

142a|Men (full-time) | _______ | _______ | _______ |_______ 

142b|Men (part-time) | _______ | _______ | _______ |_______ 

143a|Women (full-time) | _______ | _______ | _______ |_______ 

143b|Women (part-time) | _______ | _______ | _______ |_______ 

================================================================================
136

1.4| VIEW/DATA ENTRY SCREEN - STLA SURVEY Pg 18

 PART I - STAFF--continued

================================================================================

 |Librarians | Other | Other | 

 Race/ethnicity, gender, and | with | profes- | paid | TOTAL 

 full-time/part-time status | ALA-MLS | sionals | staff | STAFF 

======================================(a)=========(b)=========(c)=========(d)===

 Black, Non-Hispanic: | | | | 

144a|Men (full-time) | _______ | _______ | _______ | _______ 

144b|Men (part-time) | _______ | _______ | _______ | _______ 

145a|Women (full-time) | _______ | _______ | _______ | _______ 

145b|Women (part-time) | _______ | _______ | _______ | _______ 

================================================================================

 Hispanic: | | | | 

146a|Men (full-time) | _______ | _______ | _______ | _______ 

146b|Men (part-time) | _______ | _______ | _______ | _______ 

147a|Women (full-time) | _______ | _______ | _______ | _______ 

147b|Women (part-time) | _______ | _______ | _______ | _______ 

================================================================================

1.4| VIEW/DATA ENTRY SCREEN - STLA SURVEY Pg 19

 PART I - STAFF--continued

================================================================================

 |Librarians | Other | Other | 

 Race/ethnicity, gender, and | with | profes- | paid | TOTAL 

 full-time/part-time status | ALA-MLS | sionals | staff | STAFF 

======================================(a)=========(b)=========(c)=========(d)===

 White, Non-Hispanic: | | | | 

148a|Men (full-time) | _______ | _______ | _______ | _______ 

148b|Men (part-time) | _______ | _______ | _______ | _______ 

149a|Women (full-time) | _______ | _______ | _______ | _______ 

149b|Women (part-time) | _______ | _______ | _______ | _______ 

================================================================================

 Race/ethnicity unknown: | | | | 

150a|Men (full-time) | _______ | _______ | _______ | _______ 

150b|Men (part-time) | _______ | _______ | _______ | _______ 

151a|Women (full-time) | _______ | _______ | _______ | _______ 

151b|Women (part-time) | _______ | _______ | _______ | _______ 

================================================================================

 TOTAL STAFF: | | | | 

152a|Men (full-time) | _______ | _______ | _______ | _______ 

152b|Men (part-time) | _______ | _______ | _______ | _______ 

153a|Women (full-time) | _______ | _______ | _______ | _______ 

153b|Women (part-time) | _______ | _______ | _______ | _______ 

================================================================================
137

1.4| VIEW/DATA ENTRY SCREEN - STLA SURVEY Pg 20

 PART J - INCOME

18. Enter total STLA income, by source and type of income. Exclude carryover

funds. Include income for allied operations only if it is part of STLA budget. 

================================================================================

 Federal income | Amount 

================================================================================

154| LSTA (Library Services and Technology Act) | 

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

155| Other Federal income: | __________ 

156| Specify program(s) and title(s): ________________________________________

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

157|TOTAL FEDERAL INCOME | __________ 

================================================================================

1.4| VIEW/DATA ENTRY SCREEN - STLA SURVEY Pg 21

 PART J - INCOME--continued

================================================================================

 State and other income | Amount 

================================================================================

 State Income | 

167| STLA operation | __________ 

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

168| State aid to libraries | __________ 

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

169| Other State income | __________ 

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

170| TOTAL STATE INCOME | __________ 

================================================================================

171|Other income | __________ 

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

172|TOTAL INCOME | __________ 

================================================================================

1.4| VIEW/DATA ENTRY SCREEN - STLA SURVEY Pg 22

 PART K - EXPENDITURES

19. Enter total STLA expenditures, by source and type of expenditure. Include 

 all LSTA expenditures. Include expenditures for allied operations only 

 if the expenditures are from the STLA budget. 

================================================================================

 | Amount by source 

 |-----------------------------------------------

 Operating expenditures | Federal | State | Other | TOTAL 

=====================================(a)========(b)=========(c)==========(d)====

173|Salaries and wages |_________ |_________ |_________ |_________ 

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

174|Employee benefits |_________ |_________ |_________ |_________ 

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

175|TOTAL STAFF EXPENDITURES |_________ |_________ |_________ |_________ 

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

176|Collection expenditures |_________ |_________ |_________ |_________ 

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

177|Other operating expenditures|_________ |_________ |_________ |_________ 

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

178|TOTAL OPERATING EXPENDITURES|_________ |_________ |_________ |_________ 

================================================================================
138

1.4| VIEW/DATA ENTRY SCREEN - STLA SURVEY Pg 23

 PART K - EXPENDITURES-continued

================================================================================

 | Amount by source 

 Financial assistance to |------------------------------------------------

 libraries and systems | Federal | State | Other | TOTAL 

=====================================(a)========(b)=========(c)=========(d)=====

179|Individual public libraries|_________ |_________ |_________ |_________ 

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

180|Public library systems |_________ |_________ |_________ |_________ 

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

181|Other individual libraries |_________ |_________ |_________ |_________ 

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

182|Multitype library systems |_________ |_________ |_________ |_________ 

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

183|Single agency or library | | | | 

 providing statewide service|_________ |_________ |_________ |_________ 

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

184|Library construction |_________ |_________ |_________ |_________ 

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

185|Other assistance |_________ |_________ |_________ |_________ 

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

186|TOTAL FINANCIAL ASSISTANCE |_________ |_________ |_________ |_________ 

================================================================================

1.4| VIEW/DATA ENTRY SCREEN - STLA SURVEY Pg 24

 PART K - EXPENDITURES-continued

================================================================================

 | Amount by source 

 Other expenditures |---------------------------------------------------------

 | Federal | State | Other | TOTAL 

=============================(a)==========(b)===========(c)============(d)======

187|Capital outlay |__________ |__________ |__________ |__________ 

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

188|Other expenditures|__________ |__________ |__________ |__________ 

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

189|TOTAL EXPENDITURES|__________ |__________ |__________ |__________ 

================================================================================

1.4| VIEW/DATA ENTRY SCREEN - STLA SURVEY Pg 25

 PART L - LSTA EXPENDITURES

20. Enter total LSTA expenditures, by type of expenditure. Report expenditures

 in one and only one category. These expenditures should also be reported 

 in Part K. 

================================================================================

 Type of expenditure | Amount 

================================================================================

190|Statewide services (exclude sub-grants to single libraries | 

 |or agencies providing statewide services) | _________ 

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

191|Grants (include sub-grants to single libraries or agencies | 

 |providing statewide services) | _________ 

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

192|LSTA administration | _________ 

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

193|TOTAL LSTA EXPENDITURES | _________ 

================================================================================
139

1.4| VIEW/DATA ENTRY SCREEN - STLA SURVEY Pg 26

 PART L - LSTA EXPENDITURES--continued

21. Enter total LSTA expenditures, by use of expenditure. Report expenditures 

 in one and only one category. These expenditures should also be reported 

 in Part K. 

================================================================================

 Use of expenditure | Amount 

================================================================================

194|Electronic networking/electronic access | _________ 

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

195|Services to persons having difficulty using a library | _________ 

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

196|Services to children in poverty | _________ 

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

197|LSTA administration (must equal amount reported in 192) | _________ 

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

198|TOTAL LSTA expenditures (must equal amount reported in 193)| _________ 

================================================================================

1.4| VIEW/DATA ENTRY SCREEN - STLA SURVEY Pg 27

 PART M - ALLIED OPERATIONS EXPENDITURES

22. Enter total expenditures from the STLA budget for the allied operations 

 listed in Part C. These expenditures should also be reported in Part K. 

 =================

 | Amount 

================================================================================

 Operating expenditures | 

201| Total staff expenditures | ________ 

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

202| Other operating expenditures | ________ 

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

203| TOTAL OPERATING EXPENDITURES | ________ 

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

204|Capital outlay | ________ 

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

205|TOTAL EXPENDITURES | ________ 

================================================================================

1.4| VIEW/DATA ENTRY SCREEN - STLA SURVEY Pg 28

 PART N - ELECTRONIC SERVICES AND INFORMATION

23. Does the STLA support any of the following electronic networking 

 functions at the state level? Enter <Y>es or <N>o for each item. 

206| _ Electronic network planning or monitoring 

207| _ Electronic network operation 

 | 

 |Database development - Specify: 

208| _Bibliographic databases 

209| _Full text or data files 

================================================================================

24. Does the STLA support library access to the Internet in any of the 

 following ways? Enter <Y>es or <N>o for each item. 

210| _ Training or consultation for participation 

211| _ Subsidy for participation 

212| _ Providing equipment 

213| _ Providing access to directories, databases, or online catalogs via 

 | the Internet 

214| _ Managing a gopher/Web site, file servers, bulletin boards, or listservs 

================================================================================
140

1.4| VIEW/DATA ENTRY SCREEN - STLA SURVEY Pg 29

 PART N - ELECTRONIC SERVICES AND INFORMATION-continued

25. Enter the number of Internet terminals (computers, dumb terminals, etc.) 

 in all STLA outlets that serve the general public, by the following 

 categories: 

================================================================================

 | Number of 

 Type of access | terminals 

================================================================================

215| STLA staff only | ____ 

216| General public | ____ 

217| TOTAL TERMINALS | ____ 

================================================================================

26. Does the STLA receive and respond to reference questions through the 

 Internet? Enter <Y>es or <N>o. 

218| _ 

================================================================================

 

27. Does the STLA, either on its own or in partnership with other agencies in 

 the state, provide or facilitate access for other libraries in the state 

 to on-line databases through subscription, lease, license, consortial 

 membership, or agreement? Enter <Y>es or <N>o. 

219| _ 

================================================================================

1.4| VIEW/DATA ENTRY SCREEN - STLA SURVEY Pg 30

 PART N - ELECTRONIC SERVICES AND INFORMATION-continued

28. Does the STLA facilitate or subsidize electronic access to the holdings 

 of other libraries in the state in any of the following ways? Enter <Y>es 

 or <N>o for each item. 

================================================================================

220| _ CD-ROM union catalog 

221| _ OCLC participation (GAC, retrospective conversion) 

222| _ Telnet gateway 

223| _ Web-based union catalog (statewide, multistate, regional) 

224| _ Z39.50 gateway (regional, multitype) 

225| _ Other type of electronic access 

226| Specify _________________________________________________________________

================================================================================

29. Is the STLA an applicant for the Universal Service (E-rate discount) 

 Program? Enter <Y>es or <N>o. 

227| _ 

================================================================================

1.4| VIEW/DATA ENTRY SCREEN - STLA SURVEY Pg 31

 PART O - PUBLIC POLICY ISSUES

30. Enter total grants and contracts expenditures by the STLA to assist public 

 libraries in responding to a state education reform initia- ================

 tive or the National Education Goals in the following areas:| Amount 

================================================================================

228|Readiness for school | ________ 

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

229|Adult literacy | ________ 

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

230|Lifelong learning | ________ 

================================================================================
141

A State Library Agency (STLA) is the official agency of a State charged by

law of that State with the extension and development of public library

services throughout the State, which has adequate authority under law of the

State to administer State plans in accordance with the provisions of the

Library Services and Technology Act (LSTA). State Library Agency is

abbreviated throughout this survey as STLA.

 GENERAL INSTRUCTIONS

1. Respond to each item in this survey. Read the definitions and/or

instructions for the item before responding to it.

2. Before responding to any items in a question, read the note (if

any)following the question in the survey instructions.

3. All data in this survey, INCLUDING federal fiscal data, are to be

reported on the basis of State fiscal year 1998, as specified in items

022 and 023. EXCEPTION: Data in Part B and Part I are requested as

of October 1, 1998.

4. In responding to items, include data for all outlets of the STLA, 

unless otherwise directed. EXCLUDE data for a local public or

academic library serving as a State resource center or State

reference/information service center under contract with the STLA.

5. The survey is forwarded with -2's in numeric data cells. The

respondent must replace all -2's with one of the following responses

before returning the survey:

(a) a value greater than 0 if appropriate. If exact data do not

exist, and a good estimate can be given, please do so;

(b) 0 (zero) if the answer is zero or none; or

(c) -1 if your STLA has the item but does not collect data on the

item, or if you don't know the answer.

 SPECIFIC INSTRUCTIONS

 PART A. STATE LIBRARY AGENCY IDENTIFICATION

Item

001 STLA name. Enter the full official name of the STLA. 

Physical Location Address

002- Enter the address of the physical location of the STLA. Include

006 the street address, city, State, Zip Code, and Zip + 4.

Mailing Address

007- Enter the mailing address of the STLA. Include the street address

010b or post office box, city, State, Zip code, and Zip + 4.

011 Web address. Enter the Web address of the STLA. The Web address is

the Uniform Resource Locator (URL) of the World Wide Web home page of

the STLA.

Chief Officer of STLA

012- Enter the name, title, telephone number, fax number, and Internet

016 address of the chief officer of the STLA. Add ".bitnet" to the 

end of a Bitnet address to convert it into an Internet address.
142

Survey Respondent

017- Enter the name, title, telephone number, fax number, and Internet

021 address of the respondent to this survey. Add ".bitnet" to the 

end of a Bitnet address to convert it into an Internet address.

 Reporting Period

022- Fiscal year starting and ending dates. Enter the starting and

023 ending dates for State fiscal year 1998, which is the period for 

which data in this report are requested (except Part B and Part I 

data). Enter the month and day in two digits each, and the year in

four digits. For example: June 30, 1998 would be entered as

06/30/1998.

 PART B. GOVERNANCE

1. Enter <X> as appropriate to specify the STLA's location in State 

government as of October 1, 1998.

024- Branches of government. Enter <X> for item 024, 025, or 026 to

026 indicate the branch of government in which the STLA is located.

027- Type of agency, who the STLA reports to, and method(s)of selection

038 of State Library Agency board or commission. If the STLA is 

located in the executive branch, enter <X> for item 027 or 034 to 

indicate if the STLA is an independent agency or part of a larger 

agency. Also enter <X> in appropriate boxes under one of these 

items.

039 Specify. If the STLA is part of a larger agency that is not listed in

items 035-037, enter the name of the agency in this item.

 PART C. ALLIED OPERATIONS, STATE RESOURCE OR

 REFERENCE/INFORMATION SERVICE CENTER, AND STATE CENTER FOR THE BOOK

2. Enter <Y>es or <N>o for each item to indicate whether the STLA is 

combined with any of the allied operations listed below. Do not report

a Library for the Blind and Physically Handicapped, a State Center for

the Book, or a contract with another library or other entity to

provide a service on behalf of the STLA.

Note: An allied operation is an office, bureau, division, center, or

other organizational unit or service within an STLA with staff,

mission, and resources to provide service not ordinarily considered a

state library agency function. It is characterized by having:

(a) a specific mission, which may be a part of the STLA’s overall

mission statement;

(b) staff assigned for that mission; that staff usually includes

professionals other than librarians (such as historians,

archivists, curators, etc.) appropriate to its mission;

(c) a high-level manager or supervisor who reports to the STLA

chief officer or to a deputy designated by the chief officer;

(d) financial resources clearly identified and managed for the

operation.

Note: Do not report the following as allied operations: a Library

for the Blind and Physically Handicapped, a State Center for the Book,

or a contract with another library or other entity to provide a

service on behalf of the STLA.
143

040 State archives. This operation is responsible for preserving and 

servicing noncurrent official records of State organizations and

institutions that are of continuing value (1) to the legal and

administrative functioning of State government, (2) for the

verification and protection of the rights of individuals, and (3) for

historical and other research. It usually includes records of

antecedent colonial and territorial governments. Materials are

stored, arranged, and described so that needed records can be found

readily.

041 Primary State legislative research organization. This operation

conducts research and gathers, digests, and analyzes information in a

close and confidential relationship with members of the State

legislature and their staff.

Note: As an allied service, the organization is distinguished from

specialized reference service which a state library agency may provide

to government and other users by responding to reference questions

from legislative personnel, providing information service, furnishing

bibliographic and net search results, and instructing and guiding

users in conducting their research. At the federal level, the

parallel might be the difference between parts of the Library of

Congress: (1) the Congressional Research Service, and (2) various

reference services and subject divisions of the Library.

042 State history museum/art gallery. This operation collects, 

preserves, and displays cultural artifacts and/or works of art 

related to the State's political, social, economic, and cultural 

history.

043 State records management service. This operation manages the life 

cycle of the State's own records and records of local government from

creation to disposition. Disposition includes the preservation of

certain records as well as the disposal of nonessential records.

044 Other allied operation. If any other operations are allied with the

STLA, enter <Y>es for this item.

045 Specify. If any other operations are allied with the STLA, enter 

the name of the operation in this item.

3. Enter <Y>es or <N>o to indicate whether the STLA contracts with a 

local public library or academic library to serve as a State resource

center or State reference/information service center.

046 State resource center or State reference/information service center. 

 

4. Enter <Y>es or <N>o to indicate whether the STLA is the host 

institution for, or provides any funding to, a State Center for 

the Book.

047 State Center for the Book. The State Center for the Book is part of

the Center for the Book program sponsored by the Library of Congress

which promotes books, reading, and literacy, and is hosted or funded

by the State.

 PART D. SERVICES TO LIBRARIES AND SYSTEMS

5. Indicate which of the specified services are provided directly or by

contract by the STLA to different types of libraries or systems. 

Enter <Y>es or <N>o for each service, for each type of library and 

systems.
144

Type of Library

Academic Library. A library forming an integral part of a college,

university, or other academic institution for postsecondary education,

organized and administered to meet the needs of students, faculty, and

affiliated staff of the institution.

Public Library. A library that serves all residents of a given 

community, district, or region, and (typically) receives its 

financial support, in whole or part, from public funds.

School Library Media Center. A library that is an integral part of

the educational program of an elementary or secondary school with

materials and services that meet the curricular, information, and

recreational needs of students, teachers, and administrators.

Special Library. A library in a business firm, professional 

association, government agency, or other organized group; a library

that is maintained by a parent organization to serve a specialized

clientele; or an independent library that may provide materials or

services, or both, to the public, a segment of the public, or to other

libraries. Scope of collections and services are limited to the

subject interests of the host or parent institution. Includes

libraries in State institutions.

System. A system is a group of autonomous libraries joined together

by formal or informal agreements to perform various services

cooperatively such as resource sharing, communications, etc. Includes

multitype library systems and public library systems. Excludes

multiple outlets under the same administration.

Services to Libraries and Systems

048 Accreditation of libraries. The STLA may endorse or approve 

officially libraries which meet criteria specified by the State. 

049 Administration of LSTA grants. Includes determining compliance with

eligibility criteria and performance standards, overseeing processes

through which grant recipients are determined, announcing grant

recipients and disbursing funds, monitoring and receiving reports from

grant recipients, submitting plans and reports to the Office of

Library Services within the Institute of Museum and Library Services,

and other activities involved in the management of financial

assistance provided by the federal government to libraries under the

Library Services and Technology Act.

050 Administration of State aid. Includes determining compliance with 

eligibility criteria and performance standards, overseeing processes

through which grant recipients are determined, announcing grant

recipients and disbursing funds, monitoring and receiving reports from

grant recipients, and other activities involved in the management of

financial assistance provided by the State to libraries.

051 Certification of librarians. The STLA may credential library staff

with the rank or title of librarian by attesting officially to their

qualifications. These qualifications may include a master's degree

from a graduate program accredited by the American Library

Association, another level or type of educational attainment,

confirmation of participation in continuing education activities,

and/or residency in the State for a specified period.

052 Collection of library statistics. Every STLA collects statistics on

public libraries and participates in the Federal-State Cooperative

System (FSCS) for Public Library Data. Many STLA's collect statistics

on institutional and other special libraries. Some STLA's assist in

the collection of academic library statistics for the Integrated

Postsecondary Education Data System (IPEDS). A few STLA's collect
145

statistics on school library media centers. These data collections

usually involve the design and administration of survey instruments as

well as data entry and processing and report design and dissemination.

053 Consulting services. Individual or small-group contacts to help 

libraries to attain goals and objectives and to deal with specific 

needs and problems. Consultants provide guidance on problems of 

concern to local personnel, assistance in identifying problems not 

clearly recognized, and identification of opportunities for increased

or improved performance to specific groups.

054 Continuing education programs. Includes staff development events 

for library personnel at all levels as well as training events for 

trustees and other State and local government officials who have 

authority over or responsibility for libraries.

055 Cooperative purchasing of library materials. Two or more 

independent libraries of any type engaging in joint activities 

related to purchasing materials, together with the maintenance of 

the necessary records of these additions. Also included are joint 

activities related to the identification and verification of titles,

fund accounting, processing payments, and claims.

056 Interlibrary loan referral services. Activities involving 

bibliographic service centers or utilities, regional systems 

(federations or cooperatives), consortia, and resource centers, such

as identifying libraries believed to own requested materials and/or

transmitting interlibrary loan requests in accordance with 

established protocols or prevailing practices.

057 Library legislation preparation/review. Minimally, addresses the 

governance and financing of the STLA, public library service, and 

library service to blind and physically handicapped persons and 

residents of State institutions. It usually permits the types of 

public library structures, such as municipal, countywide, regional,

federated, cooperative, and contractual agreements. It may also

provide mandates for STLA functions, other types of libraries (e.g.,

academic, school), and multitype cooperation.

058 Library planning/evaluation/research. Activities involved in 

designing and assessing library programs and services and studying 

issues facing libraries. Examples: the PLA planning and 

role-setting process for public libraries, the TELL IT! evaluation 

process.

059 Literacy program support. Organized efforts to assist individuals 

with limited language and mathematical skills in developing skills 

in reading, writing, and computation that enable them to function in

society without assistance from others.

060 OCLC Group Access Capability (GAC). Use of the Online Computer 

Library Center (OCLC) system, originally the Ohio College Library 

Center, by a group of libraries for resource sharing and 

interlibrary lending (ILL). Group Access Capability (GAC) related 

activities may include coordinating group profiling, establishing 

group policies, coordinating ILL protocols within the group, and 

referring requests outside of a GAC group.

061 Preservation/conservation services. Specific measures undertaken 

for the repair, maintenance, restoration, or protection of library

materials, including but not limited to binding and rebinding,

materials conversion (to microform for example), deacidification, 

and lamination.

062 Reference referral services. Provision of information about or from

groups or organizations. A reference referral transaction involves

the provision of information about a group or organization and its
146

activities, services or agencies, and calendar. Such a transaction

typically requires the determination of the user's need and the

appropriate group or organization to meet the need. Such a

transaction may require directing the user to persons or organizations

external to the library for an answer to a question.

063 Retrospective conversion of bibliographic records. Retrospective 

conversion involves changing bibliographic records from one format,

usually cards, to machine-readable form in order to produce or make

additions to an automated catalog.

064 State standards/guidelines. The STLA may promulgate standards or 

guidelines that define adequacy, equity, and/or excellence in 

library service. Standards or guidelines may be quantitative, 

qualitative, or both. Maintaining standards or following guidelines

may be a requirement for receiving State aid and/or LSTA grants.

065 Statewide public relations/library promotion campaigns. A concerted

public relations program usually organized around a particular theme

or issue, with specific objectives, and using a variety of techniques

in concert (e.g., press releases, events, publications, exhibits).

066 Summer reading program support. A particular kind of Statewide 

public relations and library promotion campaign designed to 

encourage reading by children between school years. The usual 

purpose of such programs is to maintain or improve the reading 

skills of children between school years.

067 Union list development. A union list is a list of titles of works,

usually periodicals, in physically separate library collections. 

Location data indicate libraries in which a given item may be found.

068 Universal Service Program (review and approval of technology plans).

The state library agency reviews and approves technology plans for

libraries or library systems applying for universal service discounts

(also known as E-rate discounts) under the Universal Service Program,

established by the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) under the

Telecommunications Act of 1996.

069-

076 (Note: These items are reserved for future use.)

 PART E. PUBLIC SERVICE HOURS, OUTLETS, AND USER GROUPS

6. Enter in the spaces provided the total hours open in a typical week

for all STLA outlets (main or central, bookmobiles, and other 

outlets) that serve the general public and/or State government

 employees, by the specified categories. 

Note: Main or central outlet, bookmobiles, and other outlets 

(excluding bookmobiles) are defined in the instructions to question 8.

Report public service hours for all STLA outlets that serve the

general public, regardless of whether they are open on a walk-in or

referral basis. Exclude data for a local public or academic library

serving as a State resource center or State reference/information

service center under contract with the STLA. Exclude service hours for

outlets that only serve blind and physically handicapped individuals

through the National Library Service for the Blind and Physically

Handicapped, Library of Congress. Also exclude service hours for

outlets that only serve residents of State correctional institutions

or residents of other State institutions. Do not report data for

non-STLA outlets, even though the STLA may provide funding or

services to such outlets.

A "typical week" is a time that is neither unusually busy nor 

unusually slow. Avoid holidays, vacation periods, days when unusual
147

events are taking place in the community or in the library. Choose a

week in which the library is open its regular hours. Include seven

consecutive calendar days from Sunday through Saturday or whenever the

library is usually open.

077 Total hours/week. Sum of hours open during a typical week for all 

outlets (main or central, bookmobiles, and other outlets). 

078 Monday-Friday after 5:00 p.m. Sum of hours open after 5:00 p.m. 

Monday through Friday during a typical week for all outlets (main or

central, bookmobiles, and other outlets).

079 Saturday and Sunday. Sum of hours open on Saturday and Sunday 

during a typical week for all outlets (main or central, bookmobiles,

and other outlets).

7. Enter <Y>es or <N>o for each item to indicate whether STLA outlets 

open to the general public are open on a walk-in basis, a referral 

basis, or both.

080 Walk-in. STLA outlets that are open to the general public on a 

walk-in basis (i.e., without the need for referral).

081 Referral. STLA outlets that are open to the general public on a 

referral basis (i.e., not always accessible on a walk-in basis).

8. Enter in the spaces provided the total number of STLA outlets, by 

type of outlet. Report all STLA outlets regardless of whom they 

serve.

082 Main or central outlet. A single unit library or the unit where the

principal collections are located and handled. Note: An STLA 

administrative center which is separate from the principal 

collections and is not open to users should not be included as an 

outlet.

083 Other outlets (excluding bookmobiles). Units that have all of the 

following: (1) separate quarters; (2) a permanent basic collection of

books and/or other materials; (3) a permanent paid staff; and 4) a

regular schedule of hours open to users.

084 Bookmobiles. Trucks or vans specially equipped to carry books and 

other library materials. They serve as traveling branch libraries.

Count vehicles in use, rather than the number of stops each vehicle

makes.

085 Total outlets. Sum of items 082-084. 

 

9. Enter in the spaces provided the number of STLA outlets that serve 

the following user groups, in whole or in part, by type of outlet 

and user group.

Note: Main or central outlet, bookmobiles, and other outlets 

(excluding bookmobiles) are defined in the instructions to 

question 8.

 

086 Blind and physically handicapped individuals. Outlets serving this

user group may contain talking books on discs and tapes and books in

Braille made available from the National Library Service for the Blind

and Physically Handicapped, Library of Congress. In addition, such

outlets may contain large print books for the visually handicapped and

captioned films for the deaf. These outlets provide such library

materials and library services to blind or physically handicapped

residents who have been certified by competent authority as unable to

read or to use conventional printed materials as a result of physical

limitations.
148

087 Residents of State correctional institutions. Outlets serving this 

user group provide books, other library materials, and access to 

other information resources as well as other library services to 

residents of prisons, reformatories, and other correctional

institutions operated or substantially supported by the State.

088 Residents of other State institutions. Outlets serving this user 

group provide books, other library materials, and access to other 

information resources as well as other library services to patients 

or residents of residential training schools, hospitals, nursing 

homes, and other general or special institutions operated or

substantially supported by the State. 

 

089 State government employees (executive, legislative, or judicial). 

Outlets serving this user group provide books, other library

materials, and access to other information resources as well as other

library services to employees of all branches of State government.

090 General public. Report all STLA outlets that serve the general

public, regardless of whether they are open on a walk-in or referral 

basis. Outlets serving this user group function as the State-level 

equivalent of a local public library, providing books, other library

materials, and electronic access to locally mounted and remote

information resources for all State residents. 

 

 PART F. COLLECTIONS 

10. Enter in the spaces provided the total number of volumes or physical 

units in the specified formats in all STLA outlets (main or central, 

bookmobiles, and other outlets) that serve the general public and/or 

State government employees.

Note: Main or central outlet, bookmobiles, and other outlets

(excluding bookmobiles) are defined in the instructions to question 

8. Report collections for all STLA outlets that serve the general 

public, regardless of whether they are open on a walk-in or referral 

basis. Exclude data for a local public or academic library serving 

as a State resource center or State reference/information service 

center under contract with the STLA. Exclude collections of braille

and talking books owned by the National Library Service for the Blind

and Physically Handicapped, Library of Congress. Also exclude

collections that are specifically intended to only serve residents of

State correctional institutions or residents of other State 

institutions. 

091 Book and serial volumes (exclude microforms). Books are

non-periodical printed publications bound in hard or soft covers, or 

in loose-leaf format, of at least 49 pages, exclusive of the cover 

pages; or juvenile non-periodical publications of any length bound 

in hard or soft covers. Serials are publications issued in successive

parts, usually at regular intervals, and as a rule, intended to be

continued indefinitely. Serials include periodicals(magazines),

newspapers, annuals reports, yearbooks, etc.) memoirs, proceedings,

and transactions of societies. Except for the current volume, count

unbounded serials as volumes when the library has at least half of the

issues in a publisher's volume.

092 Audio materials. These are materials on which sounds (only)are 

stored (recorded) and that can be reproduced (played back)

mechanically or electronically, or both. Included are records, 

audiocassettes, audio cartridges, audiodiscs, audioreels, talking 

books, and other sound recordings.

093 (This item is reserved for future use.)
149

094 Video materials. These are materials on which pictures, sound, or 

both are recorded. Electronic playback reproduces pictures, sounds, 

or both using a television receiver or monitor.

 

095 Serial subscriptions (titles, not individual issues) (exclude

microforms). These include subscriptions received, both purchased 

and gifts. This count does not include the number of individual 

issues, but rather each serial title. Report the total number of 

titles subscribed to, including duplicates. Do not report 

individual issues.

 

096 Government documents (include only government documents not accessible

through the library catalog and not reported elsewhere). For

government documents not accessible through the library catalog and

not reported on other lines, report the number of volumes or 

physical units of such materials in all formats. A government 

document is a publication in any format bearing a government 

imprint. Includes publications of federal, State, local, and 

foreign governments and intergovernmental organizations to which 

governments belong and appoint representatives (e.g., United Nations,

Organization of American States).

11. Enter <Y>es or <N>o for this item to indicate whether the STLA 

maintains a general collection (fiction and/or nonfiction).

 

097 General collection.

098-

105 (These items are reserved for future use.)

12. Enter <Y>es or <N>o for each item (106-109) to indicate whether the 

STLA is designated as a federal or State depository library for 

government documents, and whether it is a regional or selective 

federal depository.

Note: A government document is a publication in any format bearing 

a government imprint. Includes publications of federal, State, 

local, and foreign governments and intergovernmental organizations 

to which governments belong and appoint representatives (e.g., 

United Nations, Organization of American States).

106 State depository library. A library officially designated as a

depository of publications bearing the imprint of the State

government.

107 Federal depository library. A library officially designated as a 

depository of publications bearing the imprint of the federal 

government. These libraries receive publications issued by the 

executive, judicial, and the legislative branches at no charge in 

exchange for providing free public access. Enter <Y>es or <N>o to 

items 108 and 109 to indicate if the STLA is a regional or selective

depository.

 

108 Regional. Regional depositories receive one copy of all materials 

distributed by the federal government.

 

109 Selective. Selective depositories receive only those materials they

select.

 PART G. LIBRARY SERVICE TRANSACTIONS 

 

13. Enter in the spaces provided ANNUAL totals for the specified types 

of service transactions for all STLA outlets (main or central, 

bookmobiles, and other outlets) that serve the general public and/or

State government employees.
150

Note: Main or central outlet, bookmobiles, and other outlets

(excluding bookmobiles) are defined in the instructions to question 

8. Report library service transactions for all STLA outlets that 

serve the general public, regardless of whether they are open on a 

walk-in or referral basis. Exclude data for a local public or

academic library serving as a State resource center or State

reference/information service center under contract with the STLA. 

Exclude service transactions for outlets or outlet service points 

that only serve blind and physically handicapped individuals through 

the National Library Service for the Blind and Physically Handicapped,

Library of Congress. Also exclude service transactions for outlets

that only serve residents of State correctional institutions or other

State institutions. 

110 Circulation (Exclude items checked out to another library). These are

transactions that involve lending an item from the State Library

collection or borrowed from another library for use generally,

although not always, outside the library. This activity includes

charging materials manually or electronically. Also report each

renewal as a circulation transaction. Exclude items checked out to

another library.

 

Interlibrary Loan/Document Delivery

111 Provided to other libraries. These are library materials, or copies 

of materials, loaned from the STLA collection to another library 

upon request. Do not include loans or copies of materials from one 

STLA outlet to another STLA outlet. 

112 Received from other libraries and document delivery services. These 

are library materials, or copies of materials, borrowed by the STLA 

from another library or obtained by the STLA from a commercial 

document delivery service. Do not include loans or copies of 

materials from one STLA outlet to another STLA outlet.

113 Reference transactions. A reference transaction is an information 

contact which involves the knowledge, use, recommendations, 

interpretation or instruction in the use of one or more information 

sources by a member of the STLA staff. The term includes information

and referral service. Information sources include printed and nonprinted materials, machine-readable databases (including computerassisted instruction), catalogs and other records of holdings, and,

through communication or referral, other libraries, and institutions

and persons both inside and outside the library. When a staff member

utilizes information gained from previous use of information sources

to answer a question, report as a reference transaction even if the

source is not consulted again during the transaction. If necessary,

multiply a typical week by 52. Exclude directional transactions. 

(See definition of typical week in question 6.) 

114 Library visits. This is the total number of persons per year 

entering STLA outlets, including persons attending activities, 

meetings, and those persons requiring no staff services. If 

necessary, multiply a typical week by 52. A "typical week" is 

defined in the instructions to question 6.

 PART H. LIBRARY DEVELOPMENT TRANSACTIONS 

14. Enter in the spaces provided ANNUAL totals for the specified typesof

library development transactions of the STLA.
151

LSTA and State Grants

115 Grants monitored. Report the total annual number of LSTA and State 

grants monitored by the STLA. Count all grants monitored during the 

reporting period, regardless of their duration or the year in which 

they were awarded.

116 On-site monitoring visits. Report the total annual number of visits 

made to monitor LSTA and State grant sites. Count site visits for 

all grants administered during the reporting period, regardless of 

their duration or the year in which they were awarded.

Continuing Education Programs 

117 Number of events. Report the total annual number of continuing 

education events for which the STLA either (1) provides presenters 

or (2) provides funding and planning input. Do not count events for 

which the STLA is only a nominal sponsor or for which it provides 

funding but no planning input.

118 Total attendance at events. Report the total annual attendance at 

continuing education events reported in item 117. 

 PART I. STAFF 

15. Enter in the spaces provided the total number of STLA staff in FTE's 

(full-time equivalents) (to two decimal places), by type of position 

and service. Report all staff on the payroll as of October 1, 1998, 

and unfilled but budgeted positions. 

Note: Forty hours per week is the measure of full-time employment 

for this survey. FTE's (full-time equivalents) of employees in any 

category may be computed by taking the number of hours worked per 

week by all employees in that category and dividing it by 40. 

 

Report staff based on the STLA organization chart. A given position

(e.g., State Data Coordinator) may be part of administration in one 

agency, library development in another, and library services in 

another agency. If an employee provides more than one service, 

allocate the FTE among appropriate categories.

Type of Position

(a) Librarians with ALA-MLS. Librarians with master’s degrees from

programs of library and information studies accredited by the

American Library Association. 

(b) Other professionals. These are professionals other than 

ALA-MLS librarians employed by the STLA, such as archivists, 

accountants, business managers, public relations, and human 

resources staff.

(c) Other paid staff. This includes all other employees paid from

the STLA budget, including plant operations, security, and

maintenance staff.

(d) Total staff. Sum of columns (a), (b), and (c) for each item.

Type of Service

119 Administration. Usually includes the chief officer of the STLA and 

his or her immediate staff. May include officers responsible for 

the STLA's fiscal affairs; public relations; and planning, evaluation,

and research.
152

Library Development

Note: Usually includes staff responsible for the development of 

public library services. May include staff responsible for 

administering State and LSTA grant programs; providing consulting 

and continuing education services; and promoting resource sharing

and other forms of interlibrary cooperation. (See instructions to 

question 5 for definitions of types of libraries.) 

 

120 Public library. Staff who provide consulting, continuing education, 

and other services to public libraries. 

 

121 School library media center. Staff who provide consulting, 

continuing education, and other services to school library media 

centers. 

122 Academic library. Staff who provide consulting, continuing 

education, and other services to academic libraries. 

 

123 Special library. Staff who provide consulting, continuing education,

and other services to special libraries.

124 Other library development. Includes library development staff not 

reported in items 120-123.

 

125 Total library development. Sum of items 120-124.

Library Services

Note: Staff responsible for providing library service from the 

STLA. Includes public, technical, and other library services.

126 Public services. Includes circulation; reference/adult and 

children's/ young adult services; government publications; and 

interlibrary loan. 

 

Circulation staff are those involved in lending items from the STLA 

collection for use generally (although not always) outside the 

library. Their activities include charging, renewals books-by-mail,

and delivering items directly to the user. 

Reference/adult and children's/young adult services staff are those 

who use, recommend, interpret, or instruct library users in the use 

of one or more information sources, or provide knowledge of such 

sources from a member of the STLA staff. 

Government publications staff are those responsible for materials 

published in any format by a government agency (e.g., publications 

of the federal, State, local, and foreign governments and of intergovernmental organizations to which governments belong and appoint 

representatives, such as the United Nations and the Organization of 

American States). 

Interlibrary loan staff are those responsible for transactions in 

which library material, or a copy of the material (including 

materials sent by telefacsimile or other form of electronic 

transmission) is made available by one library to another upon 

request. It includes both lending and borrowing. The libraries 

involved in interlibrary loan are not under the same administration. 

Interlibrary loan also includes transactions for materials obtained 

through the interlibrary loan process that are supplied from 

non-library sources, such as commercial document delivery services. 

 

127 Technical services. Includes those activities related to the 

acquisition, organization, and preparation of materials. Included 

in this category are acquisition services, cataloging services, 
153

serials control, binding services, and computer services in support of

these functions. 

 

128 Other library services. Includes library services staff not reported

in items 126-127.

129 Total library services. Sum of items 126-128.

130 Other services. Includes staff not reported in items 119-129, such as

staff in allied operations. 

131 Total staff. Sum of items 119, 125, 129, and 130.

16. Enter in the spaces provided the number of STLA staff in FTE's 

(full-time equivalents) (to two decimal places), by type of position

and selected staff specialty. Report specified staff on the payroll

as of October 1, 1998, and unfilled but budgeted positions. 

Note: See definitions of types of positions and FTE's in 

instructions to question 15. If an employee serves in more than one

specialty, allocate the FTE among appropriate categories.

132a Administration of LSTA grants. Includes determining compliance with 

eligibility criteria and performance standards, overseeing processes

through which recipients of LSTA funds are determined, announcing 

recipients and disbursing funds, monitoring and receiving reports 

from recipients, submitting plans and reports to the Office of Library

Services within the Institute of Museum and Library Services, and

other activities involved in the management of financial assistance

provided by the federal government to libraries under the Library

Services and Technology Act. 

 

132b Administration of State aid. Includes determining compliance with 

eligibility criteria and performance standards, overseeing processes

through which recipients of State funds are determined, announcing 

recipients and disbursing funds, monitoring and receiving reports 

from recipients, and other activities involved in the management of 

funds provided by the State to libraries.

133 Automation/electronic network development/telecommunications. 

Includes any activities described in Part N. Also includes

consulting, continuing education, and other services that facilitate

library automation and network participation. Includes

telecommunications planning and development. Includes consulting

services related to the review and approval of technology plans for

the Universal Service Program (also called the E-rate discount

program).

 

134 Blind and physically handicapped services. Library services to 

individuals who have been certified by competent authority as unable

to read or to use conventional printed materials as a result of 

physical limitations.

135 Children's/young adult services. Includes consulting, continuing 

education, and other services to public libraries that facilitate the

establishment and improvement of services to children (i.e., 

persons age 14 and under) and young adults (as defined by the STLA).

136 Institutional library services. Includes providing books, other

library materials, and access to other information resources as well 

as other library services to residents of prisons, reformatories, and

other correctional institutions; patients or residents of residential

training schools, hospitals, nursing homes; and other general or

special institutions operated or substantially supported by the State.

137 Library statistics. Includes the design and administration of data 

collection instruments as well as data entry, data processing, and 
154

publication and dissemination of library data. Include the State Data

Coordinator for the Federal-State Cooperative System (FSCS) for Public

Library Data, the Library Representative for the Integrated 

Postsecondary Education Data System (IPEDS) (if employed by the 

STLA), and others employed by the STLA who are involved in such

efforts (e.g., public library consultant, data entry operator).

 

138 Literacy program support. Includes consulting, continuing education,

and other services to organized efforts to assist individuals with

limited language and mathematical skills in developing skills in

reading, writing, and computation that enable them to function in

society without assistance from others. Include ESL (English As a

Second Language) services.

139 Marketing/communications. Includes activities planning and

coordinating the implementation of a statewide communications program

about programs and services of libraries; publications development;

liaison to citizen groups and library partners in enhancing knowledge

of library services and encouraging involvement of the public in

determining the effectiveness of library services; and public

information.

17. Enter in the spaces provided the total number of STLA staff by 

position, race/ethnicity, gender, and full-time/part-time status, on

the payroll as of October 1, 1998. Exclude unfilled but budgeted

positions.

Note: See definitions of types of positions in instructions to

question 15. For the purpose of this survey, an employee may be

included in the group to which he or she appears to belong, 

identifies with, or is regarded in the community as belonging. The

categories do not denote scientific definitions or anthropological 

origins. A person may be counted in only one racial/ethnic group. 

140a- American Indian or Alaskan Native. This is a person having origins

141b in any of the original peoples of North America and who maintains

cultural identification through tribal affiliation or community

recognition. 

142a- Asian or Pacific Islander. This is a person having origins in any

143b of the original peoples of the Far East, Southeast Asia, the Indian

Sub-continent, or Pacific Islands. This includes people from China,

Japan, Korea, the Philippine Islands, American Samoa, India, and

Vietnam. 

144a- Black Non-Hispanic. This is a person having origins in any of the

145b black racial groups of Africa (except those of Hispanic origin). 

 

146a- Hispanic. This is a person of Mexican, Puerto Rican, Cuban, Central

147b or South American, or other Spanish culture or origin, regardless of

race.

148a- White Non-Hispanic. This is a person having origins in any of the

149b original peoples of Europe, North Africa, or the Middle East except

those of Hispanic origin).

150a- Race/ethnicity unknown. This category is used only if the racial/

151b ethnic identity of the employee cannot be determined and the STLA 

finds it impossible to place the employee in one of the aforementioned

racial/ethnic categories.

152a- Total staff. Sum of staff in racial/ethnic categories, by gender

153b and full-time/part-time status.
155

 PART J. INCOME

18. Enter in the spaces provided total funds received as income by the

STLA during the reporting period specified in items 022-023. EXCLUDE

carryover. Include income for allied operations only if the income is

part of the STLA budget.

Federal Income

154 Library Services and Technology Act (LSTA)

Note: The LSTA federal allotment for fiscal year 1998 is the amount

available to the state library agency for state program funding. The

figure was provided to NCES by the Office of Library Services within

the Institute of Museum and Library Services which administers the

Act. The figure was pre-entered for each state and cannot be changed

by the respondent.

155 Other Federal income. If the STLA received other federal income,

report that income in this item.

156 Specify program(s) and title(s). If other federal income is reported

in item 155, specify its source in this item.

157 Total Federal income. Sum of items 154 and 155.

158-

166 (These items are reserved for future use.)

State Income

167 STLA operation. Report income received from the State to support

operation and services of the STLA. Do not include income received

for major capital expenditures, contributions to endowments, or income

passed through to another agency, or funds unspent in the previous

fiscal year.

168 State aid to libraries. Report income received from the State for 

distribution to libraries, systems, and agencies. Includes funds

derived from State sources (exclusive of Federal funds) and

appropriated by a State legislature to a State Library Agency for

payment or transfer to an individual library; a group of libraries; or

an agency or library, other than the STLA, that provides a Statewide

service to libraries or citizens. Exclude State funds used to

administer the State Library Agency or to deliver Statewide services

to libraries or citizens where the service is administered directly by

the STLA; State funds allocated for school library operations when the

State Library Agency under the State education agency; and federal

funds. 

169 Other State income. Report income received from the State for any

other purpose, such as interagency transfers. 

170 Total State income. Sum of items 167-169.

171 Other income. Include (1) any other income from public sources;

(2) income received from private sources, such as foundations,

corporations, Friends groups, and individuals; and (3) STLA-generated

income, such as fines and fees for services.

172 Total income. Sum of items 157 +170 +171.
156

 PART K. EXPENDITURES 

 

19. Enter in the spaces provided total STLA expenditures, by source of 

funds and type of expenditure. Include all LSTA expenditures. Include

expenditures for allied operations only if the expenditures are from

the STLA budget.

Operating Expenditures (items 172-178)

Note: These are the current and recurrent costs necessary to the 

provision of services by the STLA. Include LSTA expenditures for

statewide services (item 190) conducted directly by the STLA. Include

LSTA expenditures for LSTA administration (item 192). Exclude LSTA

expenditures for grants (item 191).

173 Salaries and wages. Salaries and wages for all STLA staff, including

plant operation, security and maintenance staff for the reporting

year. Include salaries and wages before deductions, but exclude

employee benefits.

174 Employee benefits. Benefits outside of salaries and wages paid and

accruing to employees, including plant operation, security and

maintenance staff, regardless of whether the benefits or equivalent

cash options are available to all employees. Include amounts spent by

the STLA for direct, paid employee benefits, including Social

Security, retirement, medical insurance, life insurance, guaranteed 

disability income protection, unemployment compensation, worker's

compensation, tuition, and housing benefits. Only that part of any

employee benefits paid out of the STLA budget should be reported.

175 Total staff expenditures. Sum of items 173-174.

176 Collection expenditures. Includes all expenditures for materials

purchased or leased for use by STLA users, including print materials,

microforms, machine-readable materials, audiovisual materials, etc.

177 Other operating expenditures. Includes all operating expenditures not

reported in items 173-176.

178 Total operating expenditures. Sum of items 175-177.

Financial Assistance to Libraries and Systems (items 179-186)

Note: Include LSTA expenditures for grants (item 191). Exclude LSTA

expenditures for statewide services (190) conducted directly by the

STLA and LSTA expenditures for LSTA administration (item 192).

179 Individual public libraries. Financial assistance to individual

public libraries for services to their population of legal service

area. These are libraries that are governed exclusively by a single

board or political subdivision. Municipal libraries, county

libraries, consolidated multi-county libraries, and library districts

are considered individual libraries if there is only one

administrative entity. Exclude construction aid.

180 Public library systems. Financial assistance to public library

systems for services to their population of legal service area. These

are headquarters of regional public library systems, federations,

cooperatives, or public libraries serving in a regional capacity which

includes grants to headquarters of regional public library systems. 

Exclude construction aid.

181 Other individual libraries. Financial assistance to other individual

libraries for services to their population or constituency. These are

libraries other than public libraries and school library media

centers. Exclude grants to public libraries and to school library
157

media centers. Report financial assistance to school library media

centers in item 185. Exclude construction aid.

182 Multitype library systems. Financial assistance to multitype library

systems for services to their population of legal service area. These

are headquarters of regional multitype library systems, federations,

and cooperatives, or libraries serving multitype libraries within a

region. Multitype library systems may serve public, academic, school,

and special libraries. Exclude construction aid.

183 Single agency or library providing statewide service. Financial

assistance to a single entity (agency, library, library system, etc.)

for services offered to all libraries in the state, or all state

residents, or a significant portion of all libraries or state

residents. Exclude funds administered directly by the STLA to provide

such services. Exclude construction aid.

184 Library construction. Do not report data for this item in items

179-183, 185, or 187. Includes construction of new buildings and

acquisition, expansion, remodeling, and alteration of existing

buildings, and the purchase, lease, and installation of equipment of

any such buildings, or any combination of such activities (including

architects' fees and the cost of acquisition of land). Equipment

includes information and building technologies, video and

telecommunications equipment, machinery, utilities, and built-in

equipment and any necessary enclosures or structures to house them. 

Exclude construction aid expended on the STLA.

185 Other assistance. Expenditures for other assistance to libraries not

reported in items 179-184. Exclude construction aid.

186 Total financial assistance to libraries and systems. Sum of items

179-185.

187 Capital outlay. Funds for the acquisition of or additions to fixed

assets such as building sites, new buildings and building additions,

new equipment (including major computer installations), initial book 

stock, furnishings for new or expanded buildings, and new vehicles. 

Exclude replacement and repair of existing furnishings and equipment,

regular purchase of library materials, and investments for capital

appreciation. Exclude the amount reported for this item from all

other items except (189). Include construction aid expended on the

STLA. Exclude construction aid expended on other libraries and

systems.

Note: State accounting practices shall determine whether a specific

item is a capital expense or an operating expense, regardless of the

examples in this definition.

188 Other expenditures. These are expenditures not reported in items

173-187. Exclude construction aid.

189 Total expenditures. Sum of items 178 and 186-188.

 PART L. LSTA EXPENDITURES

20. Enter in the spaces provided total LSTA expenditures, by type of

expenditure. Report expenditures in one and only one category. These

expenditures should also be reported in Part K.

190 Statewide services (exclude sub-grants to single libraries or agencies

providing statewide services). Funds expended by the STLA to provide

services to libraries and individuals throughout the State. Include

expenditures for statewide services conducted directly by the STLA. 

Exclude sub-grants made to single libraries or other outside agencies

to provide or assist in providing such services.
158

Note: These expenditures should also be reported in Part K, under

operating expenditures (items 173-178); capital outlay (item 187); or

other expenditures (item 188), as appropriate. DO NOT report them as

financial assistance to libraries and systems (items 179-186).

191 Grants (include sub-grants to single libraries or agencies providing

statewide services). Funds distributed by the STLA to recipients who

meet eligibility criteria specified by LSTA and the State. Such funds

are usually awarded for purposes specified in successful grant

proposals. Such grants may be awarded competitively or on a formula

basis. Include sub-grants made to single libraries or other outside

agencies to provide or assist in providing statewide services.

Note: These expenditures should also be reported in Part K, under

financial assistance to libraries and systems (items 179-186), as

appropriate. DO NOT report them as STLA operating expenditures (items

173-178); capital outlay (item 187); or other expenditures (item 188).

192 LSTA administration. Expenditures of LSTA funds for administrative

costs in connection with programs and services carried out under this

Act.

193 Total LSTA expenditures. Sum of items 190-192.

21. Enter in the spaces provided total LSTA expenditures, by use of

expenditure. Report expenditures in one and only one category. These

expenditures should also be reported in Part K.

Note: LSTA administration expenditures in item 197 must equal LSTA

administration expenditures in item 192. And total LSTA expenditures

in item 198 must equal total LSTA expenditures in item 193.

194 Electronic networking/electronic access. Report LSTA expenditures

(including expenditures for statewide services and grants) for

establishing electronic linkages among or between libraries;

electronically linking libraries with educational, social, or

information services; assisting libraries in accessing information

through electronic networks; encouraging libraries in different areas,

and encouraging different types of libraries, to establish consortia

and share resources; and paying costs for libraries to acquire or

share computer systems and telecommunications technologies.

195 Services to persons having difficulty using a library. Report LSTA

expenditures (including expenditures for statewide services and

grants) for library and information services to persons having

difficulty using a library.

196 Services to children in poverty. Report LSTA expenditures (including

expenditures for statewide services and grants) for library and

information services to children (from birth through age 17) from

families with incomes below the poverty line (as defined by the Office

of Management and Budget and revised annually in accordance with

section 673(2)of the Community Services Block Grant Act (42 U.S.C.

9902(2) applicable to a family of the size involved.

197 LSTA administration (must equal amount reported in 192). Report

expenditures of LSTA funds for administrative costs in connection with

programs and services carried out under this Act.

Note: LSTA administration expenditures in item 197 must equal LSTA

administration expenditures in item 192.

198 Total LSTA expenditures (must equal amount reported in 193). Sum of

items 194-197.
159

Note: Total LSTA expenditures in item 198 must equal total LSTA

expenditures in item 193.

199-

200 (These items are reserved for future use.)

 PART M. ALLIED OPERATIONS EXPENDITURES 

 

22. Enter in the spaces provided total expenditures from the STLA budget

for the allied operations listed in Part C. These expenditures should

also be reported in Part K.

Operating Expenditures

201 Total staff expenditures. Report STLA expenditures for salaries and

wages and employee benefits for allied operations listed in Part C.

Also see instructions for items 173-174 for guidance.

 

202 Other operating expenditures. Report all operating expenditures for

allied operations, if these expenditures are from the STLA budget,

that are not reported in item 201.

203 Total operating expenditures. Sum of items 201-202.

204 Capital outlay. Report STLA expenditures for this item for the allied

operations listed in Part C. See the description of capital outlay in

the instructions for item 187.

205 Total expenditures. Sum of items 203-204.

 PART N. ELECTRONIC SERVICES AND INFORMATION

23. Enter <Y>es or <N>o for each item to indicate whether the STLA

supports the specified electronic networking functions at the State

level.

 Note: A State-level electronic information network involves the 

wide-area use of telecommunications to link libraries via microcomputers or terminals to automated library systems. The network 

may include online public access catalogs and other library 

applications; locally mounted or online databases (bibliographic, 

full text, or data); bibliographic utilities; and other information

resources. Access to such networks may be via modem (i.e., dial

access) or dedicated lines (i.e., hard-wired). Such a network may or

may not be connected to the Internet.

206 Electronic network planning or monitoring. Includes drafting 

Statewide plans, requests for proposals, and contracts and 

monitoring contracts for network development.

207 Electronic network operation. Includes acquiring, maintaining, or 

replacing substantial technological equipment necessary to provide 

access to information in electronic and other formats made possible by

new information and communication technologies. May include hosting

or sharing a mainframe, minicomputer, or file server, or facilitating

reciprocal borrowing agreements and document delivery systems

necessary to fully exploit such a network. Such a network may or may

not be connected to the Internet.

Database Development

Note: Activities may include creation of new databases or conversion

of existing databases into electronic format. Includes bibliographic

databases as well as full text or data files. 
160

208 Bibliographic databases. Includes machine-readable catalog records,

other electronic indexes, and other databases which contain only

references to or condensed surrogates for original materials.

209 Full text or data files. Full text files are files in which the 

information consists of the content of one or more complete 

intellectual products initially expressed primarily through the 

written word. Data files report the content of one or more complete

intellectual products expressed primarily with numbers. 

24. Enter <Y>es or <N>o for each item to indicate whether the STLA 

supports library access to the Internet in the specified ways.

 Note: The Internet is the global network of networks that, via a 

standardized addressing system and a common primary command 

structure, enables individuals and organizations to communicate via

electronic mail, to access a host of online databases and other

electronic information resources, and to transfer files 

electronically. 

210 Training or consulting for participation. Includes all activities 

that facilitate Internet awareness and use by actual or potential 

Internet users whether formal, large group events or assistance to 

individuals and small groups.

211 Subsidy for participation. Includes any grants of State, federal, 

and/or other STLA funds to libraries or related organizations that 

facilitate (1) establishing Internet accounts for library-related 

individuals or organizations; (2) acquiring computer hardware, 

software, or peripherals necessary for Internet access; and (3) 

training or consulting with actual and potential Internet users. 

212 Providing equipment. Includes computer hardware, software, and 

peripherals necessary for Internet access. Critical types of 

equipment, beyond basic hardware and operating system software, 

include modems and telecommunications software. 

213 Providing access to directories, databases, or online catalogs via 

the Internet. Includes bibliographic files, locator files, and/or 

full text databases produced or licensed by the state library agency

and available via the Internet. Note: This item focuses on content

available via the Internet.

214 Managing a gopher/Web site, file servers, bulletin boards, or

listservs. Includes the development and maintenance of Internet menu

systems, operation of equipment that provides Internet access to

multiple files, or posting of electronic messages via the Internet. 

Note: This item focuses on the structure through which content is

available via the Internet.

25. Enter in the spaces provided the number of Internet terminals

(computers, dumb terminals, etc.) in all STLA outlets that serve the

general public, by the specified categories. 

Note: Report data for all STLA outlets (main or central outlet,

bookmobiles, and other outlets (excluding bookmobiles)) that serve the

general public, regardless of whether they are open on a walk-in or

referral basis. Exclude data for: (a) a local public or academic

library serving as a State resource center or State reference/

information service center under contract with the STLA; (b) outlets

that only serve blind and physically handicapped individuals through

the National Library Service for the Blind and Physically Handicapped,

Library of Congress; (c) outlets that only serve residents of State

correctional institutions or residents of other State institutions;

(d) outlets that only serve state government employees; and

(e) non-STLA outlets, even though the STLA may provide funding or

services to such outlets.
161

215 STLA staff only. Report all electronic devices (computers, dumb

terminals, etc.) that are used for Internet access by the STLA staff

only, in all STLA outlets that serve the general public.

216 General public. Report all electronic devices (computers, dumb

terminals, etc.) that are used for Internet access by the general

public. Include terminals that are used by both the STLA staff and

the public. Exclude terminals that are for STLA staff use only.

217 Total terminals. Sum of items 215 and 216.

26. Enter <Y>es or <N>o to indicate whether the STLA receives and responds

to reference questions through the Internet. 

218 Reference questions. Include reference questions received through the

Internet, including e-mail and Web-based reference forms.

27. Enter <Y>es or <N>o to indicate whether the STLA, either on its own or

in partnership with other agencies in the state, provides or

facilitates access for other libraries in the state to on-line

databases through subscription, lease, license, consortial membership,

or agreement. 

219 On-line databases. On-line databases include indexing and

abstracting, encyclopedias, dictionaries, statistical compilations,

etc.

28. Enter <Y>es or <N>o to indicate whether the STLA facilitates or

subsidizes electronic access to the holdings of other libraries in the

state, by the specified categories.

220 CD-ROM union catalog. A CD-ROM union catalog lists the holdings of

participating libraries on one or more compact discs. The electronic

indexes and bibliographic records can be accessed only by libraries

with compatible hardware (computer, CD-ROM drives) and proprietary

software.

221 OCLC participation (GAC, retrospective conversion). Use of the Online

Computer Library Center (OCLC, Inc.) system by a group of libraries

for resource sharing and interlibrary lending (ILL). Group Access

Capability (GAC) related activities may include coordinating group

profiling, establishing group policies, coordinating ILL protocols

within the group, and referring requests outside of a GAC group. 

Retrospective conversion of bibliographic records involves changing

bibliographic records from one format, usually cards, to machinereadable form in order to produce or make additions to an automated

catalog.

222 Telnet gateway. A Telnet gateway allows users to log onto the on-line

catalogs of other libraries via the Internet. Telnet access is

available in text format only.

223 Web-based union catalog (statewide, multistate, regional). A

Web-based union catalog makes the aggregated electronic holdings of

libraries in a region, a multitype system, or a state available via

the World Wide Web. Holdings and indexes for a Web-based union

catalog are mounted on a server that is connected to the Internet. 

Access to the bibliographic information in a Web-based union catalog

is available to any user with an Internet connection and a standard

Web browser.

224 Z39.50 gateway (regional, multitype). A Z39.50 gateway uses the

ANSI/NISO Z39.50 information retrieval protocol to create an

Internet-based library information and resource sharing network which

enables libraries to make their on-line public access catalogs
162

available and enables users to access on-line catalogs with a standard

Web browser.

225 Other type of electronic access. If the STLA facilitates or

subsidizes a type of electronic access to the holdings of other

libraries in the state not covered in items 220 to 224, enter <Y> for

this item.

226 Specify. If the STLA facilitates or subsidizes a type of electronic

access to the holdings of other libraries in the state not covered in

items 220 to 224, enter the type of electronic access in this item.

29. Enter <Y>es or <N>o to indicate whether the STLA is an applicant for

the Universal Service Program (also known as the E-rate discount

program).

227 Applicant for Universal Service Program. The Universal Service Program

was established by the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) under

the Telecommunications Act of 1996. To be considered an applicant,

the STLA must have an FCC Form 470 and Form 471 on file with the FCC.

 PART O. PUBLIC POLICY ISSUES

30. Enter in the spaces provided the total grants and contracts

expenditures by the STLA to assist public libraries in responding to a

State education reform initiative or the National Education Goals in

the following areas:

228 Readiness for school. One of the six National Education Goals is 

that "By the year 2000, all children in America will start school

ready to learn." Report the sum of all grants and contracts

expenditures deemed by the STLA to assist public libraries in

responding to this goal.

229 Adult literacy. One of the six National Education Goals is that "By

the year 2000, every adult American will be literate and will possess

the knowledge and skills necessary to compete in a global economy and

exercise the rights and responsibilities of citizenship." Report the

sum of all grants and contracts expenditures deemed by the STLA to

assist public libraries in responding to this goal in the area of

adult literacy. 

230 Lifelong learning. One of the six National Education Goals is that

"By the year 2000, every adult American will be literate and will

possess the knowledge and skills necessary to compete in a global

economy and exercise the rights and responsibilities of citizenship."

Report the sum of all grants and contracts expenditures deemed by the

STLA to assist public libraries in responding to this goal in the area

of lifelong learning.