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# Current Bibliographies in Medicine 96-4

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# Public Health Informatics

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CBM  96-4

Public Health Informatics

January 1980 through December 1995

471 Selected Citations

Prepared by

Catherine Selden, M.L.S., National Library of Medicine

Betsy L. Humphreys, M.L.S., National Library of Medicine

Andrew Friede, M.D., MPH, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

Zdenka Geisslerova, National Library of Medicine

U.S. DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH
AND HUMAN SERVICES
Public Health Service
National Institutes of Health

National Library of Medicine
Reference Section
8600 Rockville Pike
Bethesda, Maryland  20894

1996

National Library of Medicine Cataloging in Publication

Public health informatics : January 1980 through December
1995 : 471 selected citations / prepared by Catherine 
Selden ... [et al.]. -- Bethesda, Md. (8600 Rockville Pike,
Bethesda 20894) :  U.S. Dept. of Health and Human Services,
Public Health Service, National Institutes of Health,
National Library of Medicine, Reference Section ;
Pittsburgh, PA : Sold by the Supt. of Docs., U.S. G.P.O.,
1996.
-- (Current bibliographies in medicine ; 96-4)

1. Medical Informatics - bibliography  2. Public Health - 
bibliography  I. Selden, Catherine  II. National Library of
Medicine (U.S.).  Reference Section  III. Title  IV. Series

02NLM: ZW 1 N272 no. 96-4

SERIES  NOTE

Current Bibliographies in Medicine (CBM) is a continuation in part of the
National Library of Medicine's Literature Search Series, which ceased in 1987
with No. 87-15.  In 1989 it also subsumed the Specialized Bibliography Series. 
Each bibliography in the new series covers a distinct subject area of
biomedicine and is intended to fulfill a current awareness function. 
Citations are usually derived from searching a variety of online databases. 
NLM databases utilized include MEDLINE, AVLINE, BIOETHICSLINE, CANCERLIT,
CATLINE, HEALTH, POPLINE and TOXLINE.  The only criterion for the inclusion of
a particular published work is its relevance to the topic being presented; the
format, ownership, or location of the material is not considered.

Comments and suggestions on this series may be addressed to:

Karen Patrias, Editor
Current Bibliographies in Medicine
Reference Section
National Library of Medicine
Bethesda, MD  20894
Phone: 301-496-6097
Fax: 301-402-1384
Internet: patrias@nlm.nih.gov

Ordering Information:

Current Bibliographies in Medicine is sold by the Superintendent of Documents,
U.S. Government Printing Office, P.O. 371954, Pittsburgh, PA  15250-7954.  To
order the entire CBM series for calendar year 1996 (approximately 10
bibliographies), send $47.00 ($58.75 foreign) to the Superintendent of
Documents citing GPO List ID: CBM96.  For your convenience an order blank is
given inside the back cover.  Orders for individual bibliographies in the
series ($5.50, $6.88 foreign) should be sent to the Superintendent of
Documents citing the title, CBM number, and the GPO List ID given above.

Internet Access:

The Current Bibliographies in Medicine series is also available at no cost to
anyone with Internet access through FTP (File Transfer Protocol).  FTP to
nlmpubs.nlm.nih.gov and login as anonymous.  The index file in the "bibs"
directory provides information on the bibliographies available.

Use of funds for printing this periodical has been approved by the Director
of the Office of Management and Budget through September 30, 1996.

PUBLIC HEALTH INFORMATICS

The public health mission is to improve the health of whole communities and
populations.  Public health professionals focus on (a) preventing,
identifying, investigating, and eliminating community health problems and
hazards; (b) assuring that the community has access to competent personal
health care services; and (c) educating and empowering individuals to adopt
more healthy behaviors. [1] As a part of their responsibilities, public health
officials often provide personal health care to individuals who would
otherwise lack access to care, but it is through population-based
interventions that the public health system seeks to have greatest impact. 
Indeed, over the past two hundred years, major advances in health and
longevity have resulted from public health programs to create safe water and
sewage disposal systems, to control disease-bearing insects and rodents, to
immunize populations, to respond rapidly to disease outbreaks, and to
establish and enforce safe food processing and handling practices.

The collection, analysis, use, and communication of health-related information
has been called the "quintessential public health service," [2] because all
public health activities depend to some extent on the availability of
accurate, comparable, and timely information.  Given this dependence on
information, public health is a natural arena for the application of advanced
information technologies.  To date, however, a combination of resource
constraints, lack of public understanding and support for population-based
public health programs, and the complexity of public health information
problems has limited the number of successful informatics applications in the
field of public health.

As reflected in an April 1995 meeting and July 1995 report, both entitled
"Making a Powerful Connection: the Health of the Public and the National
Information Infrastructure,"  [3] agencies of the Department of Health and
Human services, including the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and
the National Library of Medicine, are working with state and local
governments, professional associations, and the health care informatics
community to promote the application of advanced computer and communications
technologies to public health.  This bibliography presents a useful picture of
the state of the art in "public health informatics,"  itself a recently coined
term [4], and provides background for current and future efforts to improve
the information systems that support essential public health functions.  The
bibliography reveals a geometric increase in the number of publications
addressing the application of advanced information technologies to public
health over the past sixteen years.  It includes 18 papers published from 1980
to 1984, 92 papers from 1985 to 1989, 257 papers from 1990 to 1994, and 104
papers from 1995 alone. 

The bibliography focuses on the use of computers and communications to support
population-based public health functions -- excluding the primary care
services often provided by public health authorities.  In general, the large
literature about primary care information systems has also been excluded,
except as it relates to the transfer of data from primary care to public
health information systems, to case management of individuals and families who
rely on a range of social services, to home care services, or to care for the
homeless.  Outside the United States, in countries in which the national
government provides personal health care services to the majority of citizens,
the distinction between population-based public health and individual health
care is less clear, but the bibliography attempts to maintain the focus on
population-based health when citing non-U.S. literature.

Educating the populace about the role of life-style choices and individual
behavior in preventing disease and injury is a basic public health function. 
In this area, the interests of public health professionals overlap to some
degree with those of managed care providers and other producers and
distributors of consumer health information, including public libraries.  The
bibliography covers health promotion activities that involve public health
authorities, but does not cover the complete range of automated consumer
health information initiatives that may be relevant to the public health
mission.

The collection and analysis of health-related statistics is an essential
public health activity that relies on the use of general statistical methods. 
This bibliography covers health statistics systems, but excludes the many
publications that discuss general purpose tools and techniques for statistical
analysis.

The spread of epidemics is one of the classic problems around which the art
and science of computer modeling developed, and computer modeling of epidemics
has an extensive literature which has been excluded from this bibliography. 
Other public health applications of computer modeling, such as projecting
workforce requirements or emergency response planning, have been included.

The selected references in the bibliography include journal articles, books
and book chapters, technical reports, and conference proceedings and papers. 
English and foreign language publications are cited.  References are arranged
by subject and appear under only one topic.

The compilers wish to thank Marlyn Schepartz, National Library of Medicine,
for her expert production assistance.

-----------------------

1.  McGinnis JM, Bailey C, Files A, Gebbie K, Harrell J, Maiese D, Radak J,
Walls N, Welsh VA. A time for partnership: report of state consultations on
the role of public health. Prev Rep 1994 Dec-1995 Jan:1-12.

2.  Lasker RD. The quintessential role of information in public health. In:
Data needs in an era of health reform. Proceedings of the 25th Public Health
Conference on Records and Statistics and the National Committee on Vital and
Health Statistics 45th Anniversary Symposium; 1995 Jul 17-19; Washington.
Hyattsville (MD): National Center for Health Statistics (US); 1995. p. 3-10.
(DHHS pub; no. (PHS) 96-1214).

3.  Lasker RD, Humphreys BL, Braithwaite WR. Making a powerful connection: the
health of the public and the national information infrastructure: Report of
the U.S. Public Health Service, Public Health Data Policy Coordinating
Committee.  Bethesda (MD): National Library of Medicine (US); 1995 Jul 6.  37
p.  Available from NLM via Internet 
at 
URL: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/pubs/staffpubs/lo/makingpd.html
URL: ftp://nlmpubs.nlm.nih.gov/nlminfo/newsletters/reports/niiph.txt.

4.  Friede A, Blum HL, McDonald M. Public health informatics: how information
age technology can strengthen public health. Annu Rev Public Health
1995;16:239-52.

SEARCH STRATEGY

A variety of online databases are usually searched in preparing bibliographies
in the CBM series.  To assist you in updating or otherwise manipulating the
material in this search, the strategy used for the NLM's MEDLINE database is
given below.  Please note that the search strategies presented here differ
from individual demand searches in that they are generally broadly formulated
and irrelevant citations edited out prior to printing.

SS 1 = EXP MEDICAL INFORMATICS OR TELECOMMUNICATIONS OR 
SATELLITE COMMUNICATIONS

SS 2 = (TW) COMMUNITY OR COMMUNITIES OR PUBLIC OR ALL STATE#

SS 3 = EXP G3.850.780 [PUBLIC HEALTH PRACTICE (NON MESH)]

SS 4 = EXP HEALTH SURVEYS OR EXP REGISTRIES

SS 5 = COMMUNITY HEALTH SERVICES OR COMMUNITY HEALTH NURSING
OR COMMUNITY MENTAL HEALTH SERVICES OR 
COMMUNITY PHARMACY SERVICES

SS 6 = CHILD HEALTH SERVICES OR ADOLESCENT HEALTH SERVICES OR
EXP SCHOOL HEALTH SERVICES OR IMMUNIZATION PROGRAMS

SS 7 = 1 AND 2 OR 1 AND 3 OR 1 AND 4 OR 1 AND 5 OR 1 AND 6

SS 8 = OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH OR OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH SERVICES OR
OCCUPATIONAL MEDICINE OR OCCUPATIONAL DENTISTRY

SS 9 = HEALTH PROMOTION OR HEALTH EDUCATION OR 
PREVENTIVE HEALTH SERVICES OR PREVENTIVE DENTISTRY OR 
EXP PREVENTIVE MEDICINE 

SS 10 = EXP EMERGENCY MEDICAL SERVICES OR EXP ACCIDENTS OR 
EXP DISASTERS

SS 11 = HEALTH PLANNING COUNCILS OR 
REGIONAL MEDICAL PROGRAMS OR REGIONAL HEALTH PLANNING OR 
STATE HEALTH PLANS OR COMMUNITY HEALTH PLANNING

SS 12 = EXP ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION OR ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH OR
EXP SANITARY ENGINEERING 

SS 13 = 1 AND 8 OR 1 AND 9 OR 1 AND 10 OR 1 AND 11 OR 1 AND 12 

SS 14 = 7 OR 13

GRATEFUL MED and INTERNET GRATEFUL MED

To make online searching easier and more efficient, the Library offers
GRATEFUL MED, microcomputer-based software that provides a user-friendly
interface to most NLM databases.  This software was specifically developed for
health professionals and features multiple choice menus and "fill in the
blank" screens for easy search preparation.  GRATEFUL MED runs on an IBM PC
(or IBM-compatible) with DOS 2.0 or a Macintosh, and requires a Hayes (or
Hayes-compatible) modem.  It may be purchased from the National Technical
Information Service in Springfield, Virginia, for $29.95 (plus $3.00 per order
for shipping).  For your convenience, an order blank has been enclosed at the
back of this bibliography.

INTERNET GRATEFUL MED is available from the World Wide Web.  The user with
Internet access and an NLM user account need only point a compatible Web
browser (Netscape Navigator is strongly recommended) to
http://igm.nlm.nih.gov.  No other  software at the user end is required.  At
present, MEDLINE is the only NLM database available through INTERNET GRATEFUL
MED, but the Library expects to add access to other files rapidly.

SAMPLE  CITATIONS

Citations in this bibliographic series are formatted according to the rules
established for Index Medicus*.  Sample journal and monograph citations appear
below.  For journal articles written in a foreign language, the English
translation of the title is placed in brackets; for monographs, the title is
given in the original language.  In both cases the language of publication is
shown by a three letter abbreviation appearing at the end of the citation.

Journal Article:

Authors                       Article Title

Friede A, Rosen DH, Reid JA. CDC WONDER: a cooperative processing architecture
for public health. J Am Med Inform Assoc 1994 Jul-Aug;1(4):303-12.

Abbreviated Journal      Date    Volume  Issue  Pages
Title

Monograph:

Authors/Editors                 Title

Hale CD, Arnold F, Travis MT. Planning and evaluating health programs: a
primer. Albany (NY): Delmar Publishers; 1994. 232 p.

Place of           Publisher       Date  Total No.
Publication                                         of Pages

_________________________________

*For details of the formats used for references, see the following
publication:

Patrias, Karen. National Library of Medicine recommended formats for
bibliographic citation.  Bethesda (MD):  The Library; 1991 Apr.  Available
from: NTIS, Springfield, VA; PB91-182030.

TABLE  OF  CONTENTS

OVERVIEW/APPLICATION OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY TO PUBLIC HEALTH

COMMUNITY HEALTH INDICATORS AND ASSESSMENT
SURVEILLANCE

General
Registries
Injury/Trauma
Environmental and Occupational Health Risks

COMMUNITY HEALTH SERVICES

General
Population Screening
Immunization Programs
AIDS/HIV Programs
Emergency Response

HEALTH PROMOTION

INTEGRATED PUBLIC HEALTH INFORMATION SYSTEMS AND NETWORKS

INFORMATION SERVICES AND SOFTWARE TOOLS FOR PUBLIC HEALTH
PROFESSIONALS

LARGE DATABASE ANALYSIS AND LINKING

WORKFORCE EDUCATION AND ASSESSMENT

OVERVIEW / APPLICATION OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY TO PUBLIC HEALTH

Asvall JE.  International Epidemiological Association Regional European
Meeting, Jerusalem, 14-19 February 1993. Opening address.  Public Health
Rev 1993-94;21(3-4):169-84.

De Kerckhove D.  Health implications of new information technologies.  Can J
Public Health 1985 May-Jun;76 Suppl 1:96-100. 

Feinleib M.  From information to knowledge: assimilating public health data
[editorial].  Am J Public Health 1993 Sep;83(9):1205-7. 

Fitzmaurice JM.  Health care and the NII.  In: Information Infrastructure Task
Force. Putting the information infrastructure to work: a report of the
Information Infrastructure Task Force Committee on Applications and
Technology. Gaithersburg (MD): National Institute of Standards and Technology
(US); 1994. p. 41-56. (National Institute of Standards and Technology special
publication; no. 857). Available electronically from:
gopher://iitfcat.nist.gov:95/11/ ; Available in paper from: U.S. Government
Printing Office, Washington, DC 20402. 

Friede A.  Grand challenges in medical informatics? [letter].  J Am Med Inform
Assoc 1995 Mar-Apr;2(2):136.

Friede A, Blum HL, McDonald M.  Public health informatics: how information-age
technology can strengthen public health.  Annu Rev Public Health
1995;16:39-52. 

Gremy F.  The future of information processing in medicine and public health. 
Comput Programs Biomed 1980 Apr;11(2):71-80. 

Hunt AT, Morrison PR, Pagano M.  The effects of computer science advancements
on public health research.  Annu Rev Public Health 1985;6:325-32. 

Institute of Medicine (US), Committee for the Study of the Future of Public
Health. The future of public health. Washington: National Academy Press; 1988. 
225 p. 

Kilbourne EM.  Informatics in public health surveillance: current issues and
future perspectives.  MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 1992 Dec;41 Suppl:91-9. 

LaPorte RE.  Global public health and the information superhighway
[editorial].  BMJ 1994 Jun 25;308(6945):1651-2. 

Lasker RD. The quintessential role of information in public health. In: Data
needs in an era of health reform. Proceedings of the 25th Public Health
Conference on Records and Statistics and the National Committee on Vital and
Health Statistics 45th Anniversal Symposium; 1995 Jul 17-19; Washington.
Hyattsville (MD): National Center for Health Statistics (US); 1995. p. 3-10.
(DHHS publication; no. (PHS)96-1214). 

Lasker RD, Humphreys BL, Braithwaite WR.  Making a powerful connection: the
health of the public and the national information infrastructure: Report of
the U.S. Public Health Service, Public Health Data Policy Coordinating
Committee.  Bethesda (MD): National Library of Medicine (US); 1995 Jul 6. 37
p.  Available from: NLM via 
Internet at URL http://www.nlm.nih.gov/pubs/staffpubs/lo/makingpd.html or URL
ftp://nlmpubs.nlm.nih.gov/ nlminfo/newsletters/reports/niiph.txt. 

Lumpkin JR.  Six principles of public health information.  J Public Health
Manag Pract 1995;1(1):40-2. 

McDonald MD.  Elements of a national health information infrastructure. 
Healthc Inf Manag 1994 Winter;8(1):19-22. 

McDonald MD, Blum HL.  HOT: the emergence of health oriented telecommunication
applications.  Healthc Inform 1992 Nov;9(11):62-4, 66, 68. 

Power EJ, Tunis SR, Wagner JL.  Technology assessment and public health.  Annu
Rev Public Health 1994;15:561-79. 

Ross DA, Baker EL. The electronic information highway: a pathway for public
health information.  In: Toward the year 2000: refining the measures. 
Proceedings of the 1993 Public Health Conference on Records and Statistics;
1993 Jul 19-21; Washington, DC. Hyattsville (MD): National Center for Health
Statistics (US); 1994.  p. 535-6. 

Simpson RL.  Networks and databases: building blocks for the population-based
care system.  Nurs Adm Q 1993 Spring;17(3):80-2.  Comment in: Nurs Adm Q 1994
Winter;18(2):x-xi. 

Swank RT, Levine RE. Computer technology in the transformation of public
health research. Paper presented at: American Public Health Association, 116th
Annual Meeting; 1988 Nov 13-17; Boston, MA. 

Thomas RK, Pol LG.  Health demography comes of age.  Health Mark Q
1993;10(3-4):67-82. 

van Eimeren W, John J.  [Toward a European health reporting system--starting
points and developmental perspectives].  Gesundheitswesen 1994
Oct;56(10):515-25. (Ger).

Wang DQ, Zhang ZG, Zheng SM.  Computers against disease.  World Health Forum
1993;14(3):298-300. 

COMMUNITY HEALTH INDICATORS AND ASSESSMENT

American Public Health Association. Healthy communities 2000: model standards:
guidelines for community attainment of the year 2000 national health
objectives.  3rd ed. Washington: The Association; 1991.  473 p. 

Ashton J.  Tying down the indicators and targets for Health For All. 
Community Health Stud 1988;12(4):376-85.

Basch CE, Gold RS, Shea S.  The potential contribution of computerized
school-based record systems to the monitoring of the disease prevention and
health promotion objectives for the nation.  Health Educ Q 1988
Spring;15(1):5-51. 

A dashboard for community health improvement.  Qual Lett Healthc Lead 1994
Jun;6(5):22-32. 

Gosselin P, Belanger D, Bibeault JF, Webster A.  Indicators for a sustainable
society.  Can J Public Health 1993 May-Jun;84(3):197-200. 

Hanrahan LP, Mirkin I, Olson J, Anderson HA, Fiore BJ.  SMRFIT: a Statistical
Analysis System (SAS) program for standardized mortality ratio analyses and
Poisson regression model fits in community disease cluster investigations.  
Am J Epidemiol 1990 Jul;132(1 Suppl):S116-22. 

Hoskins A, Saunders PA, Forrest JM.  A pilot study of a computerized
assessment (AGE-PC) for the elderly in general practice.  Fam Pract 1995
Mar;12(1):28-31. 

Kamis-Gould E, Waizer J.  National data standards for mental health management
and performance indicators.  Psychiatr Hosp 1992 Winter;23(1):23-8. 

Kelso S. Developing a system to trace health objectives and indicators.  In:
Proceedings of the 1991 Public Health Conference on Records and Statistics;
1991 Jul 15-17; Washington, DC. Hyattsville (MD): National Center for Health
Statistics (US); 1992.  p. 534-8. 

Manore MM, Vaughan LA, Lehman W.  Development and testing of a statistical and
graphics-enhanced nutrient analysis program.  J Am Diet Assoc 1989
Feb;89(2):246-50. 

Mortenson LE, Anderson PN, Enck RE, Heim WS, Lutz TG, Meyer RJ, McKernan JF,
Rafla S, Ravry MJ, Ryan JM, Sakulsky SB, Vialotti C, Zelkowitz L.  Development
of a National Clinical Data Set to promote comparative evaluation of community
cancer programs.  Prog Clin Biol Res 1983;120:71-8. 

Nelson MR, Sarvela PD. Computerized database for strengthening capacity for
local area needs assessment, surveillance, and monitoring of year 2000
objectives: the Illinois experience.  In: Toward the year 2000: refining the
measures.  Proceedings of the 1993 Public Health Conference on Records and
Statistics; 1993 Jul 19-21; Washington, DC. Hyattsville (MD): National Center
for Health Statistics (US); 1994.  p. 454-8. 

Patrick DL, Bergner M.  Measurement of health status in the 1990s.  Annu Rev
Public Health 1990;11:165-83. 

Perloff BP, Rizek RL, Haytowitz DB, Reid PR.  Dietary intake methodology. II.
USDA's Nutrient Data Base for Nationwide Dietary Intake Surveys.  J Nutr 1990
Nov;120 Suppl 11:1530-4. 

Public Health Foundation (US). Data for the year 2000 national health
objectives: the ASTHO reporting system's new core data set. Washington: The
Foundation; 1990.  1 vol. (unfoliated).  (Public Health Foundation
publication; no. 119). 

Rice JA.  Assessing community health.  Trustee 1994 Dec;47(12):16-7. 

Schillemans L, De Muynck A, Van der Stuyft P, Saenen R, Baeten R.  Assessment
of patients' health status in family medicine.  Qual Assur Health Care
1990;2(2):161-70. 

Trell E.  Community-based preventive medical department for individual risk
factor assessment and intervention in an urban population.  Prev Med 1983
May;12(3):397-402. 

Williams RL, Flocke SA, Zyzanski SJ, Mettee TM, Martin KB.  A practical tool
for community-oriented primary care community diagnosis using a personal
computer.  Fam Med 1995 Jan;27(1):39-43. 

Yokley JM, Coleman DJ, Yates BT.  Cost effectiveness of three child mental
health assessment methods: computer-assisted assessment is effective and
inexpensive.  J Ment Health Adm 1990 Spring;17(1):99-107. 

SURVEILLANCE

General

Callif-Daley FA, Huether CA, Edmonds LD.  Evaluating false positives in two
hospital discharge data sets of the Birth Defects Monitoring Program.  Public
Health Rep 1995 Mar-Apr;110(2):154-60. 

Carles D, Serville F, Alberti EM, Weichhold W.  [Analysis of 1410 examinations
of fetal pathology at the University Hospitals of Bordeaux].  J Gynecol Obstet
Biol Reprod (Paris) 1991;20(4):577-86. (Fre).

Carter H, Chevallier J, Paolaggi JB.  [A project for developing
epidemiological rheumatology in France. The setting up of a network].  Rev
Rhum Mal Osteoartic 1986;53(3):153-9. (Fre).

Casteren VV. Inventory of sentinel health information systems with GPs in the
European Community: situation up to March 1990. Brussels?: [publisher
unknown]; 1991.  97 p. 

Chauvin P.  Constitution and monitoring of an epidemiological surveillance
network with sentinel general practitioners.  Eur J Epidemiol 1994
Aug;10(4):477-9. 

Chew SK, Snodgrass I.  A computer-based surveillance system for human
immunodeficiency virus infection in Singapore.  Singapore Med J 1995
Apr;36(2):147-51. 

Cooke EM.  National surveillance programmes.  J Hosp Infect 1988;11 Suppl
A:49-52. 

Flahault A, Garnerin P, Chauvin P, Farran N, Saidi Y, Diaz C, Toubiana L,
Drucker J, Valleron AJ.  Sentinelle traces of an epidemic of acute
gastroenteritis in France.  Lancet 1995 Jul 15;346(8968):162-3. 

Garnerin P, Saidi Y, Valleron AJ.  The French Communicable Diseases Computer
Network. A seven-year experiment.  Ann N Y Acad Sci 1992 Dec 17;670:29-42. 

Giesecke J.  The fine web of surveillance.  Lancet 1995  Jul 22;346(8969):196. 

Gill ON, Weinberg JR, Fisher IS, Bartlett CL.  Meta-surveillance--safer
cyber-surveillance [letter].  Lancet 1995 Sep 16;346(8977):776. 

Johns KA.  The computerization of the Cardiff Births Survey.  Int J Biomed
Comput 1988 Oct;23(1-2):43-55. 

Keller R, Friedrich HJ.  [Epidemiology in the public health office and
possibilities of electronic data processing].  Offentl Gesundheitswes 1987
Nov;49(11):597-9. (Ger).

Koobatian TJ, Birkhead GS, Schramm MM, Vogt RL.  The use of hospital discharge
data for public health surveillance of Guillain-Barre syndrome.  Ann Neurol
1991 Oct;30(4):618-21. 

Lanser S, McNabb SJ, Horan JM.  A computerized surveillance system for disease
outbreaks in Oklahoma [letter].  Am J Public Health 1994 Dec;84(12):2029. 

Leduc JW, Tikhomirov E.  Global surveillance for recognition and response to
emerging diseases.  Ann N Y Acad Sci 1994 Dec 15;740:341-5. 

Lloyd OL, MacDonald J.  Continuous epidemiological mapping - A needed public
health watchdog.  Public Health 1984;98(6):321-6. 

Martinez BF, Annest JL, Kilbourne EM, Kirk ML, Lui KJ, Smith SM.  Geographic
distribution of heat-related deaths among elderly persons. Use of county-level
dot maps for injury surveillance and epidemiologic research. JAMA 1989 Oct
27;262(16):2246-50. 

Matthews SA.  Epidemiology using a GIS: the need for caution.  Comput Environ
Urban Syst 1990;14(3):213-21. 

Matturri L, Ghidoni P, Giudici E, Bauer D.  [Descriptive epidemiology from
autopsies at the Ospedale Maggiore di Milano from 1986 to 1987].  Pathologica
1991 Mar-Apr;83(1084):133-46. (Ita).

Maurice S, Megraud F, Vivares C, Dabis F, Toulouse C, Tilly B, Salamon R. 
Telematics: a new tool for epidemiological surveillance of diarrhoeal diseases
in the Aquitaine sentinel network.  BMJ 1990 Feb 24;300(6723):514-6. 

Maurice S, Salamon R, Dabis F.  Telematics and sentinel health information
system with general practitioners in Aquitaine, southwest France.  Med Inf
(Lond) 1989 Oct-Dec;14(4):281-6. 

Melnychuk D, Moride Y, Abenhaim L.  Monitoring of drug utilization in public
health surveillance activities: a conceptual framework.  Can J Public Health
1993 Jan-Feb;84(1):45-9. 

Merrill DW. Use of Density Equalizing Map Projections (DEMP) in the analysis
of childhood cancer in four California counties [microfiche]. Berkeley (CA):
University of California, Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory, Information and
Computing Science Division; 1995.  Report No.: LBL-36630. Contract No.:
DE-AC03-76SF00098. 74 p. 

Mock NB, Bertrand WE.  Conceptual framework for nutrition surveillance
systems.  Bull Pan Am Health Organ 1993;27(3):254-64. 

Moran GJ, Kyriacou DN, Newdow MA, Talan DA.  Emergency department sentinel
surveillance for emerging infectious diseases [editorial].  Ann Emerg Med 
1995 Sep;26(3):351-4. 

Morris RD, Munasinghe RL.  Aggregation of existing geographic regions to
diminish spurious variability of disease rates.  Stat Med 1993
Oct;12(19-20):1915-29. 

Mulder-Sibanda M, Chowdhury RI.  Decentralized data management in nutritional
surveillance for timely warning and intervention.  Disasters 1995
Jun;19(2):140-7. 

Page RC, Morrison EC.  Summary of outcomes and recommendations of the workshop
on (CPITN).  Int Dent J 1994 Oct;44(5 Suppl 1):589-94. 

Pilot T, Miyazaki H.  Global results: 15 years of CPITN epidemiology.  Int
Dent J 1994 Oct;44(5 Suppl 1):553-60. 

Piribauer F, Fussillo-Henkel T.  Six years of epidemiological monitoring with
the Austrian computer based medical record abstract system for anonymous HIV-1
counseling and testing.  J Clin Comput 1994 Apr;22(2-3):27-37. 

Pollock DA, Holmgreen P, Lui KJ, Kirk ML.  Discrepancies in the reported
frequency of cocaine-related deaths, United States, 1983 through 1988.  JAMA
1991 Oct 23-30;266(16):2233-7.  Comment in: JAMA 1991 Oct
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computerized health screening and follow-up system in diabetes mellitus. 
Diabet Med 1995 Mar;12(3):271-6. 

Barry KL, Fleming MF.  Computerized administration of alcoholism screening
tests in a primary care setting.   J Am Board Fam Pract 1990
Apr-Jun;3(2):93-8. 

Breukelman FN.  Computerized health risk appraisal: a useful tool for the
clinical setting, too.  Del Med J 1988 Dec;60(12):717. 

Clark R, Geller B, Peluso N, McVety D, Worden JK.  Development of a community
mammography registry: experience in the breast screening program project. 
Radiology 1995 Sep;196(3):811-5. 

Gardner SF, Skelton DR, Rollins SD, Hastings JK.  Community pharmacy data
bases to identify patients at high risk for hypercholesterolemia. 
Pharmacotherapy 1995 May-Jun;15(3):292-6. 

Jansen JT, Zoetelief J.  MBS: a model for risk benefit analysis of breast
cancer screening.  Br J Radiol 1995 Feb;68(806):141-9. 

Kling S, Nash C, Jones D.  Newborn screening in the 80's--the automation of
follow-up.  J Med Syst 1988 Apr;12(2):89-96. 

Meaney FJ.  Computerized tracking for newborn screening and follow-up: a
review.  J Med Syst 1988 Apr;12(2):69-75. 

Mordaunt VL, Cunningham GC, Kan K.  Computer assisted management of a
regionalized newborn screening program.  J Med Syst 1988 Apr;12(2):77-88. 

Paci E, Boer R, Zappa M, de Koning HJ, van Oortmarssen GJ, Crocetti E, Giorgi
D, Rosselli del Turco M, Habbema JD.  A model-based prediction of the impact
on reduction in mortality by a breast cancer screening programme in the city
of Florence, Italy.  Eur J Cancer 1995;31A(3):348-53. 

Rathbun J.  Development of a computerized alcohol screening instrument for the
university community.  J Am Coll Health 1993 Jul;42(1):33-6. 

Reuben DB, Hirsch SH, Chernoff JC, Cheska Y, Drezner M, Engelman B, Frank JC,
Schlesinger M, Siegler CF.  Project Safety Net: a health screening outreach
and assessment program.  Gerontologist 1993 Aug;33(4):557-60. 

Robertson AJ, Reid GS, Stoker CA, Bissett C, Waugh N, Fenton I, Rowan J,
Halkerston R.  Evaluation of a call programme for cervical cytology screening
in women aged 50-60.  BMJ 1989 Jul 15;299(6692):163-6. 

Robertson AJ, Reid GS, Stoker CA, Bissett C, Waugh N, Fenton I, Rowan J,
Halkerston R.  How complete can cervical screening be? The outcome of a call
screening programme for women aged 20-60 years in Perth and Kinross. 
Cytopathology 1990;1(1):3-12. 

Therrell BL, Brown LO.  Computerized newborn screening in Texas--a multiple
microcomputer approach.  J Med Syst 1988 Apr;12(2):115-20. 

Tuerck JM, Buist NR.  Pacific northwest regional newborn screening: a paradigm
of prevention.  J Med Syst 1988 Apr;12(2):97-104. 

Immunization Programs

Albertos MA, Rovira G, Villalbi JR.  [Vaccination coverage of school
children].  Rev Sanid Hig Publica (Madr) 1991 May-Jun;65(3):269-75. (Spa).

Black S, Shinefield H.  Comprehensive evaluation of vaccine safety. Assessment
of local and systemic side effects as well as emergency and hospital
utilization.  Ann N Y Acad Sci 1995 May 31;754:364-7. 

Chen RT.  Active surveillance for vaccine adverse effects [letter].  Lancet
1995 May 27;345(8961):1369.  Comment on: Lancet 1995 Mar 4;345(8949):567-9. 

Cibulskis RE, Posonai E, Karel SG.  Initial experience of using a knowledge
based system for monitoring immunization services in Papua New Guinea.  J Trop
Med Hyg 1995 Apr;98(2):107-13. 

Dabis F, Breman JG, Roisin AJ, Haba F.  Monitoring selective components of
primary health care: methodology and community assessment of vaccination,
diarrhoea, and malaria practices in Conakry, Guinea. ACSI-CCCD team.  Bull
World Health Organ 1989;67(6):675-84. 

Davidson M, Chamblee C, Campbell HG, Bulkow LR, Taylor GE, Lanier AP, Berner
J, Spika JS, Williams WW, Middaugh JP.  Pneumococcal vaccination in a remote
population of high-risk Alaska Natives.  Public Health Rep 1993
Jul-Aug;108(4):439-46. 

Griffin MR, Ray WA, Fought RL, Foster MA, Hays A, Schaffner W.  Monitoring the
safety of childhood immunizations: methods of linking and augmenting
computerized data bases for epidemiologic studies.  Am J Prev Med 1988;4(2
Suppl):5-13. 

Hodes DT, Timms SL, Gill ON.  A successful measles campaign as a model for
achieving high uptakes of MMR.  Public Health 1990 Jan;104(1):27-31. 

Loeser H, Zvagulis I, Hercz L, Pless IB.  The organization and evaluation of a
computer-assisted, centralized immunization registry.  Am J Public Health 1983
Nov;73(11):1298-301. 

Moran WP, Nelson K, Wofford JL, Velez R.  Computer-generated mailed reminders
for influenza immunization: a clinical trial.  J Gen Intern Med 1992
Sep-Oct;7(5):535-7. 

Reid JS, Graham-Smith HJ.  Childhood immunisations: a recall system is
worthwhile.  N Z Med J 1984 Oct 10;97(765):688-9. 

Stehr-Green PA, Dini EF, Lindegren ML, Patriarca PA.  Evaluation of telephoned
computer-generated reminders to improve immunization coverage at inner-city
clinics.  Public Health Rep 1993 Jul-Aug;108(4):426-30. 

Stetler HC, Mullen JR, Brennan JP, Livengood JR, Orenstein WA, Hinman AR. 
Monitoring system for adverse events following immunization.  Vaccine 1987
Sep;5(3):169-74. 

Wilson N, Dovey S, Bandaranayake D, Tilyard M.  Delivery of hepatitis B
immunisations in a selection of computerised general practices.  N Z Med J
1995 Feb 8;108(993):34-6. 

AIDS/HIV Programs

AIDSNET, a program developed by the Decker School of Nursing [news].  Comput
Nurs 1992 Jul-Aug;10(4):145-6. 

Bilheimer L.  Review of data and literature: study of methodologies for
determining nonacute care service needs for people with AIDS/HIV infection.
Final report [microfiche].  Washington: Mathematica Policy Research, Inc.;
1990 Apr 2. Contract No.: PHS240890017. 346 p.  Sponsored by Health Resources
and Services Administration. Available from: NTIS, Springfield, VA;
PB91187609XSP.

Bilheimer L, Asher A, Edson D, Phillips B.  Study of methodologies for
determining nonacute care service needs for people with AIDS/HIV infection.
Final report.  Washington: Mathematica Policy Research, Inc; 1990 Sep 28.
Contract No.: DHHS240890017. 110 p.  Sponsored by Health Resources and
Services Administration. Available from: NTIS, Springfield, VA; PB91-16880.

Brennan PF, Ripich S.  Use of a home-care computer network by persons with
AIDS.  Int J Technol Assess Health Care 1994 Spring;10(2):258-72. 

Indyk D, Belville R.  Linking frontline work and state-of-the-art knowledge: a
community exchange system.  J Case Manag 1995 Summer;4(2):48-53. 

Jolly AM, Pim CP, Kinloch D.  The use of reported sexually transmitted disease
data as an evaluative tool for HIV prevention efforts in the Northwest
Territories.  Arctic Med Res 1991;Suppl:353-5. 

Marcolini F, Milocchi F, Tramarin A, deLalla F, Concia E, Ghinelli F, Caruso
G, Rinaldi E, Belussi F, Mazzi R, , et al.  Installation of a network and
custom made software connecting different HIV/AIDS centres.  J Clin Comput
1994 Apr;22(2-3):11-9. 

Xu LD.  A decision support system for AIDS intervention and prevention.  Int J
Biomed Comput 1994 Aug;36(4):281-91. 

Emergency Response

Austin K.  The identification of mistakes in road accident records: Part 1,
Locational variables.  Accid Anal Prev 1995 Apr;27(2):261-76. 

Austin K.  The identification of mistakes in road accident records: Part 2,
Casualty variables.  Accid Anal Prev 1995 Apr;27(2):277-82. 

Battista CJ.  Chernobyl: GIS model aids nuclear disaster relief.  GIS World
1994 Mar;7(3):32-5. 

Blower L, Presley H. Province-wide emergency response computer system.  In:
Gaudet RJ, editor. Information: the currency of the future. Proceedings of the
1990 Annual Conference of the Urban and Regional Information Systems
Association; 1990 Aug 12-16; Edmonton, Canada. Washington: URISA; 1990. p.
84-95. 

Bocco G, Sanchez R, Riemann H.  GIS affects flood planning efforts.  GIS World
1995 Feb;8(2):58-60. 

Bock R.  [Information systems in the field of emergency- rescue]. 
Wirtschaftsinformatik 1994 Aug;36(4):321-5. (Ger).

Buisson L, Borrel G. `Snow and computer': a survey of applications for snow
hazards protection in France.  In: Sullivan JD, editor. 10th anniversary:
research and applications. Proceedings of the 1993 Simulation Multiconference
on the International Emergency Management and Engineering Conference; 1993  
Mar 29-Apr 1; Arlington, VA. San Diego (CA): Society for Computer Simulation;
1993. p. 175-80. 

Butler DL, Anderson PS.  The use of wide area computer networks in disaster
management and the implications for hospital/medical networks.  Ann N Y Acad
Sci 1992 Dec 17;670:202-10. 

Cohen R.  Computerized data enhance hazardous materials incidence response.  
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Dangermond J. Personal computer based network simulation software of emergency
management.  In: Simulation in emergency management and technology.
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CA. San Diego (CA): Society for Computer Simulation; 1989. p. 57-61. 

de Ville de Goyet C.  International disaster response and preparedness.  J Med
Syst 1995 Apr;19(2):189-94. 

Ferguson EW, Sarkisian A, Young F, de Ville de Goyet C.  Telemedicine for
national and international disaster response.  J Med Syst 1995
Apr;19(2):121-3. 

Ferguson EW, Villasenor A, Cunnion S, de Ville de Goyet C, Young FE, Laporte
RE.  A global health disaster network is needed [letter].  BMJ 1995 May
27;310(6991):1412. 

Glass RI, Noji EK. Epidemiologic surveillance following disasters.  In:
Halperin WE, Baker E, editors. Textbook of public health surveillance. New
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Harris RW, Black GP, Willard GR.  Hard data for hard decisions. The benefits
to EMS systems and state agencies.  J Emerg Med Serv JEMS 1988 Jan;13(1):72-4. 

Honkanen R, Michelsson JE.  Construction of the computerized accident
registration system in a casualty department.  Scand J Soc Med 1980;8(1):33-8. 

Hunter GJ. Applying GIS to the delivery of public safety warnings.  In: URISA
Proceedings. Papers from the Annual Conference of the Urban and Regional
Information Systems Association; 1991 Aug 11-15; San Francisco, CA.
Washington: URISA; 1991. p. 188-96.

Jackson RL.  RIMNET: The United Kingdom Government system for response to
overseas nuclear accidents.  Radiat Prot Dosim 1993;50(2-4):171-6. 

Lillibridge SR, Noji EK, Burkle FM Jr.  Disaster assessment: the emergency
health evaluation of a population affected by a disaster.  Ann Emerg Med 1993
Nov;22(11):1715-20. 

Lindell MK.  Assessing emergency preparedness in support of hazardous facility
risk analyses: Application to siting a US hazardous waste incinerator.       
J Hazard Mater 1995;40(3):297-319. 

Llewellyn CH.  The role of telemedicine in disaster medicine.  J Med Syst 1995
Feb;19(1):29-34. 

Malilay J, Quenemoen L. Applying a geographic information system to disaster
epidemiologic research: Hurricane Andrew, Florida, 1992.  In: Sullivan JD,
editor. 10th anniversary: research and applications. Proceedings of the 1993
Simulation Multiconference on the International Emergency Managment and
Engineering Conference; 1993 Mar 29-Apr 1; Arlington, VA. San Diego (CA):
Society for Computer Simulation; 1993. p. 197-201. 

Nagai M, Yamamoto M.  [Assessment and subjects for constructing emergency
medical information systems].  Bull Nagoya Inst Technol 1991;43:255-64. (Jpn).

Nagai M, Yamamoto M.  [A study of emergency medical information systems]. 
Bull Nagoya Inst Technol 1992;44:199-209. (Jpn).

Nakata L.  Microwave/satellite relays.  Emerg Med Serv 1990 Sep;19(9):30, 32,
56. 

Noji EK.  Analysis of medical needs during disasters caused by tropical
cyclones: Anticipated injury patterns.  J Trop Med Hyg 1993;96(6):370-6. 

O'Carroll PW, Friede A, Noji EK, Lillibridge SR, Fries DJ, Atchison CG.  The
rapid implementation of a statewide emergency health information system during
the 1993 Iowa flood.  Am J Public Health 1995 Apr;85(4):564-7. 

Schwarz BK. Ambulance dispatch: topics surrounding a real-time application. 
In: GIS/LIS '89. Proceedings of the Annual Conference; 1989 Nov 26-30;
Orlando, FL. Bethesda (MD): American Society for Photogrammetry and Remote
Sensing; 1989. p. 824. 

Sena ML.  Computer-aided dispatching (digital maps aid emergency response and
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Shuman LJ, Wolfe H, Gunter MJ.  RURALSIM: the design and implementation of a
rural EMS simulator.  J Soc Health Syst 1992;3(3):54-71. 

Sivak M, O'Day J.  Survey concerning international computer files of road
accidents.  Accid Anal Prev 1988 Dec;20(6):459-63. 

Stahly P, Sperry J.  [Prepared for the worst? Computerized analysis of
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Streff FM, Molnar LJ, Cohen MA, Miller TR, Rossman SB.  Estimating costs of
traffic crashes and crime: tools for informed decision making.  J Public
Health Policy 1992 Winter;13(4):451-71. 

Valenzuela TD, Keeley KT, Criss EA, Spaite DW, Meislin HW.  Implementation of
a computerized management information system in an urban fire department.  Ann
Emerg Med 1989 May;18(5):573-8. 

Wachnian JS. An emergency services (E-911) dispatching system with integrated
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Proceedings. Papers from the Annual Conference of the Urban and Regional
Information Systems Association; 1992 Jul 12-16; Washington, DC. Washington:
URISA; 1992. p. 188-99.

Weinberg J, Simmonds S.  Public health, epidemiology and war.  Soc Sci Med
1995;40(12):1663-9. 

Wigder HN, Fligner DJ, Rivers D, Hotch D.  Microcomputer-assisted transmission
of disaster data by cellular telephone.  J Emerg Med 1989 Nov-Dec;7(6):651-5. 
Comment in: J Emerg Med 1991 Jul-Aug;9(4):279-4. 

Yang X, Clarke AM.  A computer/GPS guidance system for emergency rescue
vehicle location.  Biomed Instrum Technol 1995 Jan-Feb;29(1):34-8. 

HEALTH PROMOTION

Adler L, Kieschnick T. Health informatics: A survey of existing research on
the potential of computers for patient education and health promotion
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American Public Health Association 122nd Annual Meeting and Exhibition; 1994
Oct 30-Nov 3; Washington, DC. Washington: American Public Health Association;
1994. 

Alloway C, Cool E, Feintuch S, Giblin C.  Health Index Plus: a CD-ROM product
for consumer health information.  Med Ref Serv Q 1992 Spring;11(1):39-45. 

Anderson DR.  Toward a health promotion research agenda: compilation of
database reports and introduction to state of the science reviews.  Am J
Health Promot 1993 Nov-Dec;8(2):134-52. 

Burling TA, Seidner AL, Gaither DE.  A computer-directed program for smoking
cessation treatment.  J Subst Abuse 1994;6(4):427-31. 

Capet F, Snacken R, Stroobant A. Using Videotex in public health in Belgium. 
In: France FHR, van Goor JN, Johansen KS, editors. Towards equity in health
care. International Symposium on Case-Based Telematic Systems; 1994 Jun 22-24;
Brussels, Belgium. Amsterdam (Netherlands): IOS Press Amsterdam; 1994. p.
169-72. 

Carson AT, Lynch EW.  Searchline: a computerized directory of services.  Child
Health Care 1987 Summer;16(1):51-4. 

Dzulkifli AR, Aishah AL, Ch'ng HS, Rose A, Rahmat A, Isa AM, Baidi BM, Abas H,
Abu Bakar AM, Samsinah H.  Development of a health information service using a
videotex system.  J Audiov Media Med 1994 Jul;17(3):117-20. 

Epstein J, Sage L, Wedding D.  A multimedia program to educate the public
about mental and addictive disorders.  Behav Res Methods Instrum Comput 1995
May;27(2):289-92. 

Hanig DA, Gilman W.  A consumer-centered information system: Washington
State's experience.  New Dir Ment Health Serv 1995 Summer;(66):75-85. 

Harber P, Czisny K, Hsu P, Rodriguez E, Beck J, Leaf D.  An expert system
based preventive medicine examination adviser.  J Occup Environ Med 1995
May;37(5):563-70. 

Hekelman FP, Kelly R, Grundner TM.  Computerized health information networks:
house calls of the future?  Fam Med 1990 Sep-Oct;22(5):392-5. 

Humphries AW, Kochi JK.  Providing consumer health information through
institutional collaboration.  Bull Med Libr Assoc 1994 Jan;82(1):52-6. 

Jones RB, Edgerton E, Baxter I, Naven LM, Ritchie J, Bell G, Murray K.  Where
should a public access health information system be sited?  Interact Comput
1993 Dec;5(4):413-21. 

Jones RB, Navin LM, Murray KJ.  Use of a community- based touch-screen
public-access health information system.  Health Bull (Edinb) 1993
Jan;51(1):34-42. 

Kreuter MW, Farrell DW. Creating computer-tailored health promotion materials:
A how-to model for public health professionals.  In: Public health and
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American Public Health Association; 1994. 

Maibach E, Holtgrave DR.  Advances in public health communication.  Annu Rev
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Manheimer MA, Brecht RM.  Implications of changes in healthcare for biomedical
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Martin GT, Yoon SS, Mott KE.  ZOOM: a generic personal computer-based teaching
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McNamara DM.  Health-oriented telecommunication: a community resource.  Nurs
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Moriyama M, Saito H, Iwata K, Matsubara S, Soga Y.  [An assessment of the
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Robinson TN.  Community health behavior change through computer network health
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Robinson TN, Walters PA Jr.  Changing community health behaviors with a health
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Proc Annu Symp Comput Appl Med Care 1987;11:514-20. 

Russell KM, Miller AM, Czerwinska J.  Epidemiology for community health
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1994 Mar-Apr;12(2):98-105. 

Slack WV, Safran C, Kowaloff HB, Pearce J, Delbanco TL.  A computer-
administered health screening interview for hospital personnel.  MD Comput
1995 Jan-Feb;12(1):25-30. 

Velicer WF, Prochaska JO, Bellis JM, DiClemente CC, Rossi JS, Fava JL, Steiger
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Weisbord M.  Future search: power tool for building healthier communities
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Williams RB, Boles M, Johnson RE.  Patient use of a computer for prevention in
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INTEGRATED PUBLIC HEALTH INFORMATION SYSTEMS AND NETWORKS

Amaro H. Health data on Hispanic women: methodological limitations.  In:
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Andreano R, Smolensky E, Helminiak T.  The economics of information exchange:
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Bailey CS, Scheer SB.  Illinois: a public data state's experience.  Mich Hosp
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Benford MS, Slack CB.  Development of a statewide Maternal and Child Health
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Bognanni S, Epstein MH.  Establishing statewide and communitywide health
information systems.  Top Health Rec Manag 1992 May;12(4):17-24. 

Bowden A, Templeton N, Barnett P.  The revolutionary C.H.I.P.: a community
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Brennecke R.  [Responsibilities and problems in national health reporting]. 
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Camp JM, Krakow M, McCarty D, Argeriou M.  Substance abuse treatment
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Carrillo E, Segovia M, Paganini JM.  The management information system and
change processes in health systems.  Bull Pan Am Health Organ 1995
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Chicago hospitals begin work on nation's largest health information
superhighway.  QRC Advis 1994 Jul;10(9):1-3. 

CHIN (Community Healthcare Information Networks) Association launched. 
Healthc Inform 1994 Feb;11(2):72. 

Emmanuel S.  Quality assurance in medicine: research and evaluation activities
towards quality control in Singapore.  Ann Acad Med Singapore 1993
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Ferguson L.  Communication issues for building community health information
networks.  Healthc Inform 1994 Feb;11(2):94, 96. 

Garretsen HF, Van Gilst EC, Van Oers HA.  Collecting health information at a
local level.  Health Promot Int 1991;6(2):121-33. 

Goedert J.  More states turn to EDI as a way to cut expenses.  Health Data
Manag 1994 Sep;2(7):54-5, 57-8. 

Goumans M.  What about healthy networks? An analysis of national healthy
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Grasso AJ, Epstein I. Information systems in child, youth, and family
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Husein K, Adeyi O, Bryant J, Cara NB.  Developing a primary health care
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Integrating public health information and surveillance systems: a report and
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Control and Prevention (US); 1995 Spring. 45 p. 

Joint Council of Governmental Public Health Agencies Work Group on Data
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Morrissey J.  Control, cost top issues facing CHINs.  Mod Healthc 1995 Feb
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Morrissey J.  The future starts now for regional data link-ups.  Mod Healthc
1994 May 9;24(19):52, 54, 56-60. 

Morrissey J.  Vendors see new business in CHINs.  Mod Healthc 1995 Jul
3;25(27):32-3. 

Moynihan JJ.  State health alliances implement EDI.  Healthc Financ Manag 1994
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Platt LJ, Benford MS.  MATCH: a maternal and child health information network. 
Public Health Rep 1988 Mar-Apr;103(2):147-53. 

Reed-Fourquet LL, Beaudin S, Courtway P, Pappanikou J, Trask J, Durand D,
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Robey JM, Lee SH.  Information system development in support of national
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Schoech D, Cavalier A, Hoover B.  A model for integrating technology into a
multi-agency community service delivery system.  Assist Technol
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Swank RT, Bryan MA, Meyer TF.  Evolution of the public health computer network
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Telleen S. The design of management information systems for research on
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Wilson AE, Pollock C, Weekes T, Dowell A.  Can general practice provide useful
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Woelk GB, Moyo IM.  Development of a computerized information system in the
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Yamamoto M, Goto T, Nagai M, Yokoi H.  [Structure of strategic medical
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Yamamoto M, Nagai M, Oshima M.  Implications of medical information systems
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INFORMATION SERVICES AND SOFTWARE TOOLS FOR PUBLIC HEALTH
PROFESSIONALS

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