STATE OF WEST VIRGINIA
 

SUPREME COURT OF APPEALS FILED 

May 7, 2015 

RORY L. PERRY II, CLERK 

CHARLES R. ADKINS, SUPREME COURT OF APPEALS 

OF WEST VIRGINIA 

Claimant Below, Petitioner 

vs.) No. 14-0708 (BOR Appeal No. 2049101) 

(Claim No. 2013013343) 

WEST VIRGINIA DIVISION OF NATURAL RESOURCES, 

Employer Below, Respondent 

MEMORANDUM DECISION 

Petitioner Charles R. Adkins, by Edwin H. Pancake, his attorney, appeals the decision of 

the West Virginia Workers’ Compensation Board of Review. West Virginia Division of Natural 

Resources, by Lisa W. Hunter, its attorney, filed a timely response. 

This appeal arises from the Board of Review’s Final Order dated June 30, 2014, in which 

the Board affirmed a December 9, 2013, Order of the Workers’ Compensation Office of Judges. 

In its Order, the Office of Judges affirmed the claims administrator’s January 7, 2013, decision 

which denied Mr. Adkins’s application for workers compensation benefits. The Court has 

carefully reviewed the records, written arguments, and appendices contained in the briefs, and 

the case is mature for consideration. 

This Court has considered the parties’ briefs and the record on appeal. The facts and legal 

arguments are adequately presented, and the decisional process would not be significantly aided 

by oral argument. Upon consideration of the standard of review, the briefs, and the record 

presented, the Court finds that the Board of Review’s decision is partially based upon a material 

misstatement or mischaracterization of the evidentiary record. This case satisfies the “limited 

circumstances” requirement of Rule 21(d) of the Rules of Appellate Procedure and is appropriate 

for a memorandum decision rather than an opinion. 

Mr. Adkins worked as a building maintenance mechanic for West Virginia Division of 

Natural Resources. Mr. Adkins has several prior injuries. He returned to work on November 13, 

2012, after being off work for a prior injury. Before the alleged incident in this claim occurred, 

Mr. Adkins was treated by Yaser Rayyan, M.D., on November 7, 2012, and Dr. Rayyan listed 

abdomen tenderness with direct right upper quadrant pain and low back pain as active problems. 

Dr. Rayyan also noted the plan was to administer a CT scan of the abdomen/pelvis with contrast 

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to further evaluate his right upper quadrant, hemochromatosis, and stage III fibrosis. On 

November 14, 2012, Mr. Adkins was taking garbage bags from a truck and placing them in a 

dumpster when he allegedly felt a painful sensation in his groin and low back. On November 15, 

2012, Mr. Adkins filed a report of injury application in which Brad Nine, M.D., diagnosed him 

with injury to the abdomen/groin area. Mr. Adkins filed a second Report of Injury application on 

November 16, 2012, in which Saint Mary’s Occupational Health Center diagnosed him with a 

right lumbar strain and a right inguinal hernia. Allen Young, M.D., Mr. Adkins’s treating 

physician, initially diagnosed him with a right-sided inguinal hernia and a lumbar sprain, but on 

the February 11, 2013, Diagnosis Update form, Dr. Young only listed iliofemoral strain as the 

requested diagnosis. On January 7, 2013, the claims administrator denied the claim and found Mr. 

Adkins did not sustain an injury in the course of and resulting from employment. 

The Office of Judges affirmed the claims administrator’s decision and found Mr. Adkins 

has not demonstrated that the claim should have been found compensable. The Board of Review 

affirmed the Order of the Office of Judges. On appeal, Mr. Adkins disagrees and asserts that the 

fact that he suffered a sprain/strain type injury to his groin and low back is supported by the 

records of Dr. Young. He further argues that the low back pain noted in Dr. Rayyan’s report is 

not unusual for someone like him who has suffered prior low back injuries. West Virginia 

Division of Natural Resources maintains that the Board of Review was not clearly wrong to 

affirm the Order of the Office of Judges because Mr. Adkins has failed to establish that he 

sustained a compensable injury at work on November 14, 2012. West Virginia Division of 

Natural Resources further maintains that Mr. Adkins was treated for abdominal and groin pain 

on November 7, 2012, which was prior to the alleged injury. 

The Office of Judges found that Mr. Adkins was treated one week before the alleged 

injury for abdominal pain and tenderness and that same medical report noted low back pain as an 

active problem. The Office of Judges noted that Dr. Young initially thought Mr. Adkins had a 

right-sided hernia but then due to Mr. Adkins’s healing progress found he had an iliofemoral 

strain and back pain. Dr. Young only listed the diagnosis iliofemoral strain on the Diagnosis 

Update form. Since Mr. Adkins had similar complaints one week prior to the alleged injury, the 

Office of Judges determined the complaints could have resulted from pre-existing problems and 

not the alleged incident on November 14, 2012. The Office of Judges further determined that the 

record supported some type of strain that caused tenderness in the groin that was previously 

present. It concluded that Mr. Adkins failed to demonstrate that he had suffered a compensable 

injury on November 14, 2012. The Board of Review agreed with the Office of Judges. 

This Court disagrees with the Board of Review in regards to the compensability of the 

iliofemoral strain. Dr. Rayyan did treat Mr. Adkins one week before the alleged incident and did 

note active problems of abdominal pain with tenderness and low back pain. However, Dr. 

Rayyan did not mention any groin pain in his notes. There is no physician that found Mr. Adkins 

had a pre-existing groin injury or pain. In addition, Dr. Young found the groin pain was due to 

Mr. Adkins’s work-related injury and completed a diagnostic update on February 11, 2013, 

requesting the claim be held compensable for an iliofemoral strain. 

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This Court agrees with the Board of Review in regards to the lumbar sprain. Dr. Young 

did not list lumbar sprain as a diagnosis on the Diagnosis Update form. In addition, St. Mary’s 

Emergency Room’s records do not mention a low back injury or pain but only an injury and pain 

to the abdomen and right groin. Furthermore, Mr. Adkins was treated one week before the workrelated injury by Dr. Rayyan, and Dr. Rayyan noted low back pain as one of Mr. Adkin’s active 

problem. The preponderance of the evidence does not establish that Mr. Adkins suffered a 

lumbar sprain as a result of his employment. 

For the foregoing reasons, we find that the decision of the Board of Review is partially 

based upon a material misstatement or mischaracterization of the evidentiary record. Therefore, 

the decision of the Board of Review is reversed in regards to the compensability of the 

iliofemoral strain, and this Court holds the claim compensable for an iliofemoral strain. The 

remainder of the decision of the Board of Review is affirmed. 

Reversed in Part and Affirmed in Part. 

ISSUED: May 7, 2015 

CONCURRED IN BY: 

Chief Justice Margaret L. Workman 

Justice Brent D. Benjamin 

Justice Menis E. Ketchum 

Justice Robin J. Davis, and Justice Allen H. Loughry II concur with the denial of the addition of 

lumbar sprain to the claim. Justice Davis and Justice Loughry dissent regarding the addition of 

iliofemoral strain to the claim. 

Justice Allen H. Loughry II, dissenting: 

I disagree with the majority's decision to add iliofemoral strain as an additional 

compensable condition of Mr. Adkins's claim. The Office of Judges found that Mr. Adkins had 

similar complaints a week prior to his alleged injury and that his current complaints are the result 

of a pre-existing condition. The claims administrator, Office of Judges, and Board of Review all 

correctly concluded that the record failed to show that Mr. Adkins’s iliofemoral strain resulted 

from the alleged November 14, 2012, injury. West Virginia Code § 23-5-15(c) (2010) provides, 

in pertinent part: 

If the decision of the board represents an affirmation of a prior 

ruling by both the commission and the office of judges that was 

entered on the same issue in the same claim, the decision of the 

board may be reversed or modified by the supreme court of 

appeals only if the decision is in clear violation of constitutional or 

statutory provision, is clearly the result of erroneous conclusions of 

law, or is based upon the board's material misstatement or 

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mischaracterization of particular components of the evidentiary 

record. The court may not conduct a de novo re-weighing of the 

evidentiary record. 

(Emphasis added). Because it is clear that the majority has simply re-weighed the evidence to 

find in favor of Mr. Adkins, I respectfully dissent. 

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