Research Division Report #8 

National Endowment The State Arts Agencies in 1974: for the Arts 

All Present and Accounted For April 1978 
PREFACE
 

1974 was a milestone year for the state arts agencies. It
 

was the first year in which all of the 50 states and the ’
 

District of Columbia, Guam, American Samoa, Puerto Rico and
 

the Virgin Islands had an arts agency in operation for the
 

full year. Many people interested in the development of


this group of public agencies endorsed undertaking a study
 

of these agencies to record their status and activities.
 

The National Endowment for the Arts made a contract with
 

the National Research Center of the Arts, an affiliate of


Louis Harris & Associates, Inc., to conduct the study. The
 

choice of contractor reflected the experience of this


research organization in conducting a study that had previously collected extensive data on the activities of the
 

arts agencies in fiscal 1971 and 1972. The report on this
 

study was published by the Associated Councils of the Arts
 

under the title, State Arts Councils.
 

Research Division Report #8 is a brief summary of the data
 

that Was collected and analyzed in the Arts Endowment
 

supported study. Information on how the complete materials
 

can be obtained for a more detailed review is described in
 

the last paragraph of the Preface. This summary report has
 

been prepared primarily as an introduction to the understanding of state arts agencies. The last section is in the
 

form of a Directory containing the current names, addresses
 

and officials of each one, and can be used as a guide for
 

making contact directly with them. The summary report also
 

shows the similarities and differences in objectives, organization, operations, staffing, and funding practices that
 

were in effect in 1974 and are still fairly characteristic
 

of these new public agencies, notwithstanding some important


developments in the following years. For persons who wish
 

to make comparison studies of the state arts agencies in
 

the future, the data files will be found to be a rich resource
 

and the summary report will be helpful as a guide to this
 

archive.
 

During 1974, a series of meetings was held to plan a study
 

with state arts agencies’ directors and chairmen, staff of
 

the National Endowment for the Arts and the National Research
 

Center of the Arts. The collection of data began in mid1975 and utilized a set of five questionnaires focused on


fiscal 1974. The questionnaires were developed with the
 

assistance of consulting state arts agency directors and
 

chairmen, who also reviewed the tabulations of data and
 

i
 
analyses. A very large number of individuals employed by
 

the state arts agencies participated in the planning and
 

review stages and staff of every one of the agencies participated in the collection of the data for their own agency.
 

The final delivery of these data, analyses, and reports
 

was made by the National Research Center of the Arts early
 

in 1977.
 

In the course of this effort, five meetings were conducted
 

that were attended by agency chairmen and directors.The
 participants in these meetings were:
 

James Backas, then Executive Director, Maryland
 

Arts Council
 

Robert Bernat, then Executive Director, Commonwealth
 

of Pennsylvania Council on the Arts
 

Polly Buck, then Chairman, Delaware State Arts
 

Council
 

Charlotte Carver, Executive Director, South D~kota
 

State Fine Arts Council
 

Maurice D. Coats, then Executive Director, Texas
 

Commission on the Arts and Humanities
 

John G. Coe, Executive Director, New Hampshire
 

Commission on the Arts
 

Nash Cox, Executive Director, Kentucky Arts
 

Commission
 

James Edgy, then Executive Director, Ohio Arts
 

Council
 

James D. Forward, then Executive Director, California
 

Arts Commission
 

Terrell Glenn, then Chairman, South Carolina Arts
 

Commission
 

Roy H. Helms, Executive Director, Alaska State
 

Council on the Arts
 

Jonathan Katz, then Executive Director, Kansas
 

Cultural Arts Commission
 

Anthony S. Keller, Executive Director, Connecticut
 

Commission on the Arts
 

ii
 
David Morton, then Chairman, Missouri State Council
 

on the Arts
 

Wayne A. Norman, Sr., then Chairman, Iowa State Arts
 

Counc i i
 

S.	 Leonard Pas, Jr., then Executive Director, Fine
 

Arts Council of Florida
 

Lida Rogers, Executive Director, Mississippi Arts
 

Commission
 

R.	 Sandra Perry, Executive Director, The office of
 

Arkansas State Arts and Humanities
 

E.	 Ray Scott, Executive Director, Michigan Council
 

for the Arts
 

Louise G. Tate0 then Executive Director, Massachusetts
 

Council on the Arts and Humanities
 

Anne Vermel, then Executive Director, Rhode Island
 

State Council on the Arts
 

Norman Worrell, then Executive Director, Tennessee
 

Arts Commission
 

The principal staff of the National Research Center of the
 

Arts associated with the project were: Joseph Farrell,
 

Bernard Lacy, and Michael Edison. The participation of
 

the National Endowment for the Arts was through the Office
 

of Planning and Budget headed by Ana Steele (1974-75):
 

the Federal-State Partnership where the principal contributors were Clark Mitze, Donald Dillon and Joanne Pearlstein:
 

and the Research Division (1975-78).
 

A very large volume of data was collected that is now available for study th[ough the Library of the National Endowment
 

for the Arts. These data include the completed questionnaires from each of the agencies and extensive data tabulations. Included are questionnaires describing every project
 

that received an award from the 55 agencies in 1974. The
 

National Research Center of the Arts prepared three reports:
 

an executive summary: a comprehensive report containing
 

much data in the form of tables, charts, with discussion
 

and analysis: and a directory, containing a short description
 

of each of the arts agencies. These reports may be seen or
 

borrowed at the Library of the National Endowment for the
 

Arts. They are also available at each of the 55 agencies.
 

iii
 
Research Division Report #8 is a summary of the data that
 

was collected during the study, but also includes some additional data for the years, 1975-77, particularly with respect
 

to levels of funding. The text of the summary was prepared
 

for the National Endowment for the Arts by Joan Sin~nons. The
 

basic data from the study has been organized into separate
 

state by state files by Gail Joice. These files are available
 

for study, and in accordance with the original intent of
 

the project, may be helpful in the future for comparative
 

studies of the agencies with the results of research on later
 

time periods° Arrangements to study the data files or
 

borrow, through inter-library loan~ the National Research
 

Center of the Arts reports may be made by contacting
 

Mrs. Chris Morrison, Librarian, National Endowment for the
 

Arts, Washington, D.C. 20506, Phone (202) 634-7640.
 

Research Division
 

National Endowment for the Arts
 

March 1978
 

iv
 
TABLE OF CONTENTS
 

Page
 

Introduction
 1
 

Growth of Arts Agency Budgets 3
 

The Study of State Arts Agencies i0
 

Fiscal Year
 ii
 

Budget Categories
 12
 

Regions
 13
 

Councils and Commissions
 15
 

Membership 15
 

Terms of Service 20
 

Meetings and Reimbursements
 21
 

Committees and Panels
 21
 

Agency Staff
 25
 

Directors
 25
 

Staff Employees
 27
 

Other Advisors and Consultants
 30
 

Associated Foundations
 31
 

Administration and Operation
 33
 

Executive Responsibility
 33
 

Administrative Costs
 36
 

State Budgets
 42
 

Intrastate Relationships
 44
 

Community Councils
 45
 

Citizen Advocates
 45
 

Regional Relationships
 46
 

Functions and Practices
 47
 

Program Emphases
 47
 

Factors Influencing Agency Priorities
 48
 

Non-Funding Activities
 54
 Grant-Making Procedure
 55
 Grant-Making Criteria
 56
 Project Guidelines
 57
 Denial of Applications
 58
 Discretionary Grants
 58
 Audience Targets
 59
 
TABLE OF CONTENTS
 

(continued)
 

Page
 

Receipts and Expenditures 61
 

Sources of Agency Funds 61
 

Sources of Other Public Funds 69
 

Sources of Private Funds 69
 

Matching Funds 72
 

Project Expenditures 73
 

Sources of Project Funds 75
 

Direct Recipients 77
 

Indirect Recipients 78
 

Primary Recipients by Art Form 82
 

Project Expenditures by Type of Activity 85
 

Continuity of Project Funding 87
 

The Outlook 89
 

Directory of State Arts Agencies 91
 

vi
 
INDEX OF TABLES 

Table 

1 State Legislative Appropriations, 

Fiscal 1966-1978 

2 National Endowment for the Arts Authorizations and Appropriations, Fiscal 1966-1978 

3 1974 Fiscal Year 

4 Position of State Arts Agency Within the 

State Government in Fiscal 1974 

5 Two or Three Reasons Cited by Directors for 

Selection of Council and Commission Members 

6 Personal Characteristics of Council and 

Commission Members 

7 Occupations of Council and Commission 

Members 

8 Specified Terms of Service of Council and 

Commission Members 

9 Time Served on Councils and Commissions 

i0 Number of Council and Commission Meetings 

in 1974 by Total Agency Expenditures 

ii Functions of Committees of Councils and 

Commissions in Fiscal 1974 

12 Functions of Advisory Panels of Councils 

and Commissions in Fiscal 1974 

13 Personal Characteristics of Directors 

14 Management Training and Experience of 

Directors 

15 Median Salary of Directors, by Total 

xF~nditures of Agency 

16 Type of Personnel 

5
 

7
 

12
 

15
 

17
 

18
 

19
 

20
 

20
 

21
 

22
 

23
 

25
 

26
 

26
 

27
 

vii
 
INDEX OF TABLES
 

(continued)
 

Tables
 

17 Number of Paid Staff, Including Director
 

and Consultants and Contract Personnel,
 

Serving in a Staff Capacity at Close
 

of Fiscal 1974
 

18 Average Number of Paid Staff at Close of
 

Fiscal 1974, by Total Expenditures
 

19 Characteristics of Paid Staff
 

20 Responsibility for Administration of Agency
 

21 Responsibility for Grant and Project Funding
 

22 State Arts Agency Expenditures for
 

Fiscal 1974
 

23 Expenditures of State Arts Agencies in
 

Fiscal 1974
 

24 Type of Budget Reportedly Submitted to
 

State Legislature for Fiscal 1974
 

25 Other State Government Agencies or
 

Departments Reported to Provide Some
 

Type of Support to the Arts
 

26 Support Provided to Community Arts Councils
 

27 Major Program Emphases of State Arts
 

Agencies
 

28 Distribution of Program Expenditures in
 

Fiscal 1974, by Earmarked vs. Discretionary
 

29 Most Important Activities Undertaken by
 

Agencies in Addition to the Funding of
 

Projects
 

30 Percentage of Work Time of Director and
 

Staff Devoted to Non-Funding Activities
 

31 Average Percentage of Applications Denied
 

in Fiscal 1974, by Total Expenditures
 

32 Authority for Discretionary Grant-Making
 

in 1974
 

28
 

29
 

29
 

34
 

35
 

37
 

38
 

43
 

44
 

46
 

49
 

5O
 

54
 

55
 

58
 

59
 

viii
 
INDEX OF TABLES
 

(continued)
 

Table
 

33 Reported Target Audiences by Percent of
 

Expenditures
 

34 Location of Projects in Fiscal 1974
 

35 Total Funds of State Arts Agencies and
 

Associated Separate Foundations in
 

Fiscal 1974
 

36 Total Funds Received by Separate Associated
 

Foundations in Fiscal 1974
 

37 Sources of Funds of State Arts Agencies
 

in Fiscal 1974
 

38 Funds Received by Associated Separate
 

Foundation in Fiscal 1974 by Source
 

39 Sources of Other Federal Funds in
 

Fiscal 1974
 

40 Sources of Other State Funds in Fiscal 1974
 

41 Sources of Private Funds in Fiscal 1974
 

42 Matching Fund Requirements in Fiscal 1974
 

43 Matching Funds for Project Grants in
 

Fiscal 1974
 

44 Sources of Matching Funds in Fiscal 1974
 

45 Project Expenditures and Number of Projects
 

in Fiscal 1974
 

46 Sources of Funds for Project Expenditures
 

in Fiscal 1974
 

47 Direct Recipient of Project Expenditures
 

in Fiscal 1974
 

48 Indirect Recipients of Project Expenditures
 

in Fiscal 1974
 

60
 

62
 

63
 

64
 

68
 

70
 

71
 

71
 

72
 

73
 

73
 

74
 

76
 

79
 

80
 

ix
 
INDEX OF TABLES
 

(continued)
 

Table
 

49 Distribution of Project Expenditures by
 

Art Form in Fiscal 1974
 

50 Primary Activity Assisted by Project
 

Expenditures in Fiscal 1974
 

51 Continuity of Project Expenditures in
 

Fiscal 1974
 

83
 

86
 

87
 

X
 
INTRODUCTION
 

The first state arts agency was founded in 1899 by the Utah
 

State Legislature. Although many other states and the federal government were concerned about a variety of programs
 

to support the arts in the intervening years, more than
 

half a century passed before the second state arts office
 

was created as a temporary commission by the New York State
 

Legislature in 1960. In the nextfour years five more
 

states -- california, Georgia, Minnesota, Missouri and North
 

Carolina -- created their own state arts offices, to bring
 

the total up to seven at the close of 1964.
 

However, this commitment of state governments to the arts
 

was tentative, restricted in some instances to temporary
 

commissions and executive orders, when the National Foundation on the Arts and Humanities with its two Endowments was
 

created in 1965. Since that time, all states, the District
 

of Columbia and four territories -- Puerto Rico, the virgin
 

Islands, Guam and American Samoa -- have established similar
 

state arts agencies. The majority were created in 1965
 

and 1966, paralleling the action of the United States
 

Congress in founding the National Endowment for the Arts.
 

The last of the 55 agencies was established in Wisconsin
 

in 1973. The catalyst for their creation in most instances
 

was the opportunity to participate in the federal program.
 

From its founding the National Endowment for the Arts had
 

made grants to state agencies to support their own programs.
 

In their original forms, many state arts agencies could be


considered as modest tokens of support to the arts, an
 

answer to critics decrying the lack of public funding for
 

the arts compared to other western nations, and an official
 

recognition of the highly publicized "culture boom" of the
 

1960’s which produced new orchestras, theatres, dance
 

companies and performing arts centers across the country.
 

Funded by $6 million in total state and federal dollars in
 

fiscal 1966, these agencies spent only a fraction of the
 

millions needed to operate the artistic and cultural institutions of the country that year. In providing such limited resources, the Congress and the state legislatures
 

obviously did not expect that these public arts agencies
 

should be a substantial source of income for private artistic institutions at that time.
 

When the National Endowment for the Arts was established
 

in 1965 there was active concern about the dangers of
 

government participation in the arts. While official
 

1
 
recognition of the importance and quality of the country’s
 

artistic life was welcomed, the fear continued that government money would soon buy government control and the arts
 

agencies would assume a regulatory role. Equally wary,
 

government officials were reluctant to commit tax monies
 

to the arts in sizeable proportions on a continuing basis.
 

The enabling statutes of most state arts agencies incorporated the same general purposes first stated in the
 

legislation creating the New York State Council on the Arts:
 

" 1.	 To stimulate and encourage through the state
 

the study and presentation of the performing


and fine arts and public interest and participation therein;
 

"2.	 To make such surveys as may be deemed advisable of public and private institutions
 

engaged within the state in artistic and


cultural activities, including but not limited to music, theatre, dance, painting,
 

sculpture, architecture, and allied arts
 

and crafts, and to make recommendations
 

concerning appropriate methods to encourage
 

participation in and appreciation of the arts
 

to meet the legitimate needs and aspirations of
 

persons in all parts of the state;
 

"3.	 To take such steps as may be necessary and
 

appropriate to encourage public interest in
 

the cultural heritage of our state and to
 

expand the state’s resources."
 

As a reflection of the still tentative commitment of
 

government to the arts, these purposes were interpreted
 

in most states to emphasize seed money, outreach projects
 

and the development of new audiences. Grants were often
 

restricted to firmly established organizations and funds
 

were generally not directed to cover basic operating costs
 

of arts organizations. Touring projects and technical
 

assistance were the principal program thrusts.
 

The first departure from this concept of the state arts
 

agency occurred with the legislative appropriation of
 

$20 million for the New York State Council on the Arts in
 

fiscal 1971. One state arts agency now had available funds
 

equal to those appropriated by all other states and the
 

federal government combined. The management of this massive
 

new funding necessitated immediate revisions in the goals
 

and operations of the New York agency since this increased
 

appropriation was clearly intended to provide substantive
 

support to the cultural organizations of New York State.
 

2
 
It was not yet clear, however, what course the development
 

of state arts agencies would take. There was not even a
 

clear decision on the part of the New York State Legislature to maintain that level of funding for the agency in
 

future years.
 

However, for the first time real dollar support was provided
 

to hundreds of arts organizations reaching thousands of
 

people previously unaware of the existence of the New York
 

State Council on the Arts. The agency and its funding had
 

become visible. More important, it had become popular so
 

that a return to previous funding levels would mean the
 

noticeable withdrawal of highly desireable government funds.
 

While no other state arts agency has enjoyed as dramatic
 

an increase in its funding, the federal appropriation for
 

the National Endowment for the Arts, including the portion
 

earmarked for grants to the state arts agencies, has
 

increased rapidly since fiscal 1971. Other state agencies
 

have more slowly evolved from their early emphasis on
 

moral support to a solid dollar support commitment.
 

GROWTH OF ARTS AGENCY BUDGETS
 

In fiscal 1966, the first year in which there was substantial state arts agency activity across the country, 23
 

agencies were operating with state legislative appropriations of $2,664,640, ranging from a low of $500 in Vermont
 

to a high of $765,895 in New York. Funding for the
 

National Endowment for the Arts in 1966 totalled $2,534,308.
 

Through fiscal 1970, arts agency budgets grew slowly. In
 

that year, eight agencies still did not have a state
 

appropriation. Legislative funding for the remaining 47
 

agencies had increased to a total of $7,661,912, ranging
 

from $5,000 in Florida to $2,256,474 in New York and
 

$1,491,263 in Puerto Rico. National Endowment funds for
 

that year amounted to $9,150,000, including a $900,000
 

transfer from the U.S. Office of Education.
 

The basic state grant program had been introduced in National
 

Endowment appropriations in fiscal 1967 with $2,000,000
 

earmarked for distribution to the state agencies. Grants
 

that year varied from $25,000 to $50,000 except for American
 

Samoa which did not apply and Guam which received $15,000.
 

Funding for the state grant program remained fairly stable
 

during the next few years, dropping to $1,700,000 in fiscal
 

1969 and rising back to $2 million in fiscal 1970 when all
 

jurisdictions except Guam and Samoa received $36,363 each.
 
In fiscal 1969, Samoa did not apply while Guam received
 

$33,715.
 

Fiscal 1974, the year covered in this survey, was the
 

first year in which all 55 arts agencies were functioning
 

with the support of state funds. That year, state appropriations totalled $30,756,494 -- $14,311,494 excluding
 

New York which had a state appropriation of $16,445,000.
 

Table 1 presents state legislative appropriations for
 

the arts for fiscal years 1966 through 1976. Table 2.
 

presents the National Endowment for the Arts authorizations
 

and appropriations for the same fiscal years°
 

4
 
 

STATE LEGISLATIVE APPROPRIATIONS, FISCAL 1966-1978
 

1966 1967 1968 1969 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 

$ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ 

Alabama - 50,000 50,000 I00,000 i00,000 125,000 125,000 125,000 125,000 250,000 145,000 300,000 

Alaska - 18,835 47,500 47,500 47,600 i00,000 69,400 88,500 149,600 103,800 446,250 484,200 661,800 

11 11 

American Samoa - .... 60,000 -­ 33,000 33,000 43,000 

Arizona - - - 23,561 24,593 27,805 51,469 68,700 82,500 86,700 98,400 171,300 

Arkansas - 20,694 35,714 35,963 - - 166,727 167,465 281,997 283,722 553,063 

California 152,000 161,920 145,698 168,000 170,997 168,000 168,000 209,818 1,034,763 1,012,585 875,000 1,400,000 3,396,430 

Colorado - 15,000 25,000 25,750 26,489 26,929 71,560 71,873 120,963 1,324,845 2,001,024 270,304 284,458 

Connecticut 21,500 21,500 58,268 76,732 114,800 127,634 119,341 130,000 351,500 394,326 367,632 334,500 690,077 

Delaware - - - 45,454 50,000 35,000 37,721 42,600 43,128 58,850 65,699 94,257 

Dist. of Columbia - 70,100 70,100 20,000 25,661 20,800 30,000 30,000 52,000 87,400 55,200 55,200 58,100 

Florida i0,000 9,112 18,233 5,000 76,402 53,358 67,3$6 289,895 392,773 408,959 420,486 516,000 

Georgia 27,500 30,400 60,000 48,516 88,060 102,960 99,279 70,000 220,000 157,105 159,586 171,983 418,069 

Guam - .... 6,579 i0,000 10,218 28,192 13,214 17,000 17,000~3/ 

Hawaii 2,500 90,000 123,500 118,945 163,579 174,558 152,765 131,876 221,307 223,689 998,553 647,988 914,895 

Idaho - - I0,000 i0,000 i0,000 8,379 9,810 i0,000 23,121 43,200 46,300 50,700 

Illinois 25,000 25,000 i00,000 I00,000 250,000 600,000 600,000 600,000 600,000 925,000 1,278,400 1,376,200 ],443,800 

Indiana 12,500 12,500 - 25,000 25,000 40,123 48,890 170,005 157,053 617,221 616,387 897,971 

Iowa 25,000 25,000 30,730 32,644 38,188 38,465 52,244 70,767 200,735 211,256 226,923 

Kansas 3,000 7,600 65,000 67,949 66,023 61,445 34,621 39,008 45,634 82,878 88,962 104,918 130,165 

Kentucky 7,500 i00,000 i00,000 118,515 134,980 147,860 149,660 166,170 153,930 225,800 290,400 573,200 574,200 

Louisiana - 25,000 25,000 34,980 27,860 42,883 !/ !/ 44,000 !/ 68,614 62,736 125,737 

Maine 1,000 i0,000 60,000 60,000 79,500 90,526 92,969 92,618 162,000 163,000 156,241 157,499 162,100 

Maryland - 50,053 50,000 260,000 275,505 347,763 319,818 399,725 453,411 449,788 463,363 460,836 469,584 

Massachusetts - 25,000 55,000 i00,000 i00,000 160,000 184,550 277,588 600,000 1,600,000 1,000,000 1,400,476 1,700,000 

Michigan 5,000 i00,000 i00,000 109,000 140,000 219,952 233,410 250,739 485,800 2,079,906 2,330,600 1,891,600 3,733,600 

Minnesota 5,000 5,000 85,000 85,000 112,500 115,150 160,000 200,000 300,000 300,000 500,000 500,000 1,771,745 

Mississippi - - 75,000 73,366 74,763 107,668 112,628 160,564 160,564 188,923 

Missouri 170,000 199,975 221,917 258,000 192,795 201,082 215,936 607,693 654,920 1,249,209 1,499,600 1,816,514 2,403,989 

Montana - - 12,500 12,500 25,000 25,000 25,000 28,114 27,550 30,588 75,049 64,298 86,367 

(continued) 
 

 

 

TABLE i (contiNued)
 

!
 1966 1967 1968 1969 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978
 

$ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $
 

Nebraska - 20,500 12,500 12,500 12,492 13,673 24,626 25,620 35,122 129,390 177,583 219,123 275,265
 

Nevada - - - 15,122 18,331 62,695 63,555 90,056
 

New Hampshire - 7,500 7,500 i0,00~ I0,000 15,000 15,000 45,679 48,559 59,356 63,386 91,016
 

New Jersey 7,500 75,000 75,000 64,929 71,658 228,059 268,059 271,577 698,932 790,352 671,464 774,374 1,076,816
 

New Mexico 15,000 36,500 15,000 20,000 20,000 21,000 20,800 35,200 45,300 65,000 83,500 ii0,000 128,300
 

New York 765,895 1,504,477 1,897,585 2,491,861 2,256,474 20,133,193 14,423,000 16,325,000 16,445,000 35,653,000 35,702,900 29,093,000 28,889,100
 

North Carolina - 70,106 71,299 90,007 115,674 166,431 196,929 221,231 226,409 248,761 1,870,337 2,977,681
 

North Dakota - - 5,100 5,100 5,100 5,100 5,100 67,701 39,296 56,380
 

Ohio - 12,503 39,356 39,598 223,407 198,184 ]77,715 317,847 849,847 982,933 1,302,030 1,044,843 2,475,800
 

Oklahoma 10,000 11,500 35,000 35,000 65,733 86,399 86,399 88,011 95,100 95,322 120,322 149,579 307,035
 

Oregon - 23,859 24,924 24,924 25,430 28,860 54,563 54,563 138,695 150,537 229,000
 

Pennsylvania 40,000 137,473 190,205 204,000 205,000 205,000 236,000 758,000 1,490,000 1,490,000 1,889,000 1,900,000
 

Puerto Rico 915,300 1,043,700 1,263,000 1,352,200 1,491,263 1,681,900 2,067,200 2,364,051 2,753,267 3,239,567 3,275,200 2,900,000 3,914,378
 

Rhode Island 20,000 62,000 99,000 105,799 111,339 75,212 32,064 126,231 227 199 257,929 223,192 309,000
 

South Carolina - 65,000 99,354 131,788 126,076 135,911 195,558 360,896 597,696 641,722 636,430 721,485
 

South Dakota 18,000 18,720 19,864 29,250 29,751 61,702 85 391 i00,000 108,000 107,036
 

Tennessee 1,500 50,000 50,000 68,700 67,752 161,727 226,700 312,500 411,500 380,400 362,300 486,100
 

Texas - 80,693 82,000 105,724 106,072 149,460 152,776 157,345 159,565 410,250 323,000 355,557
 

Utah 20,000 29,000 51,795 52,823 83,000 83,000 75,000 i00,000 104,026 282,000 324,800 592,700 870,600
 

Vermont 500 500 26,500 27,300 28,800 35,459 46,061 41,700 52,626 50,000 50,000 56,819 80,000
 

Virgin Islands i0,000 50,000 140,000 160,000 150,000 160,000 160,000 160,000 200,000 i00,000 i00,000 85,600
 

Virginia 478,445~2/ 1,002,060~2/ 1,166,333~2/ i0,000 i0,000 140,000 138,152 174,130 201,705 272,055 272,055 280,740 278,645
 

Washington 7,500 7,500 35,920 37,735 80,998 91,473 59,124 64,027 98,415 246,130 263,923 254,281 347,775
 

West Virginia 2,000 33,900 59,000 80,100 117,205 124,960 176,389 184,746 263,580 275,000 298,157 361,121 500,000
 

Wisconsin - 42,227 59,000 102,200 106,600 247,900
 

Wyoming - 9,822 9~456 12~543 12,577 27,560 56,295 47~486
 

Total 2~664,640 4~846~329 6,733,191 6~837~613 7~661~786 26~905,282
 21,828~975 25,137~329 30~756~494 57,289,185 61,299,422 55,548,237 68,703,264


Total Without
 

New York i~898~745 3~341~852 4~835~606 4~345~752 5~405,312 6~772~089 7,405~975 8,812~329 14~311~494 21,636,185 25~596~522 26~455~

1/


~/ Information was not supplied
 

~/ Includes the Virginia State Museum
 
TABLE 2
 

NATIONAL ENDOWMENT FOR THE ARTS AUTHORIZATIONS
 

AND APPROPRIATIONSw FISCAL 1966-1978
 

Fiscal 1966
 

Program Funds
 

Treasury Fund
 

Total
 

Fiscal 1967
 

Program Funds
 

State Arts Agencies
 

(bloc)


(Subtotal-program
 

Funds)
 

Treasury Fund
 

Total
 

Fiscal 1968
 

Program Funds
 

State Arts Agencies
 

(bloc)
 

(Subtotal-Program
 

Funds)


Treasury Fund
 

Total
 

Fiscal 1969
 

Program Funds
 

State Arts Agencies
 

(bloc)
 

(Subtotal-Program
 

Funds)


Treasury Fund
 

Total
 

Fiscal 1970
 

Program Funds
 

State Arts Agencies
 

(bloc)
 

(Subtotal -Program
 

Fund)


Treasury Fund
 

Total
 

Authori~zation
 

$ 5,000,000
 

2,250,000
 

$ 7,250,000
 

$ 5,000,000
 

2,750,000
 

(7,750,000)
 

2,250,000
 

$ i0,000,000
 

$ 5,000,000
 

2,750,000
 

(7,750,000)


2,250,000
 

$ i0,000,000
 

$ 6,000,000
 

2,000,000
 

(8,ooo,ooo)

3,375,000 

$ 11,375,000
 

$ 6,500,000
 

2,500,000
 

(9,o00,00o)


3,375,000
 

$ 12,375,000
 

Appropriation
 

$ 2,500,000
 

34,308
 

2,534,308
 

$ 4,000,000
 

2,000,000
 

(6,00o,00o)


1,965,692
 

$ 7,965,692
 

$ 4,500,000
 

2,000,000
 

(6,500,o00)


674,291
 

$ 7,174,291
 

$ 3,700,000
 

1,700,000
 

(5,40o,000)


2,356,875
 

$ 7,756,875
 

$ 4,250,000
 

2,000,000
 

(6,250,000)


2,000,000
 

$ 8,250,000
 

7
 
TABLE 2 (continued)
 

Fiscal 1971
 

Program Funds
 

State Arts Agencies
 

(bloc)
 

(Subtotal-Program
 

Funds)
 

Treasury Fund
 

Total
 

Fiscal 1972
 

Program Funds
 

State Arts Agencies
 

(bloc)


(Subtotal-Program
 

Funds)


Treasury Fund
 

Total
 

Fiscal 1973
 

Program Funds
 

State Arts Agencies
 

(bloc)
 

(Subtotal-Program
 

Funds)
 

Treasury Fund
 

Total
 

Fiscal 1974
 

Program Funds
 

State Arts Agencies
 

(bloc)
 

(Subtotal-Program
 

Funds)
 

Treasury Fund
 

Total
 

Fiscal 1975
 

Program Funds
 

*(Not less than 2~ for
 

State Arts Agencies
 

& Regional Groups)
 

Treasury Fund
 

Total
 

Authorization
 

$ 12,875,000
 

4,125,000
 

(17,000,000)
 

3,000,000
 

$ 20,0o0,ooo
 

$ 21,000,000
 

5,500,000
 

(26,500,000)
 

3,500,000
 

$ 30,000,000
 

$ 28,625,000
 

6,875,000
 

(35,50O,000)


4,500,000
 

$ 40,000,000
 

$ 54,000,000
 

ll,000,000
 

(65,000,000)


7,500,000
 

$ 72,500,000
 

$ 90,000,000"
 

i0,000,000
 

$i00,000,000
 

Appropriation.
 

$ 8,465,000
 

4,125,000
 

(12,590,000)
 

2,500,000
 

$ 15,090,000
 

$ 20,750,000
 

5,500,000
 

(26,250,000)


3,500,000
 

$ 29,750,000
 

$ 27,825,000
 

6,875,000
 

(36,690,000)


3,500,000
 

$ 38,200,000
 

$ 46,025,000
 

8,250,000
 

(54,255,000)
 

6,500,000
 

$ 60,775,000
 

$ 67,250,000*
 

7,500,000
 

74,750,000
 

8
 
TABLE 2 (continued)
 

Authorization
 

Fiscal 1976
 

Program Funds $i13,500,000"
 

*(Not less than 2~ for


State Arts Agencies
 

& Regional Groups)
 

Treasury Fund 12,500,000
 

Total $126,000,000
 

Transition Quarter
 

JULY i, 1976 -­

SEPTEMBER 30, 1976
 

Program Funds
 

*(Not less than 2~ for
 

State Arts Agencies
 

& Regional Groups)
 

Treasury Fund
 

Total
 

Fiscal 1977
 

Program Funds $ 93,500,000*
 

*(Not less than 2~/o for
 

State Arts Agencies
 

& Regional Groups)
 

Treasury Fund 10,000,000
 

challenge Grants 12,000,000
 

Photo/Film Project 4,000,000
 

Total $119,500,000
 

Fiscal 1978
 

Program Funds $105,000,000"
 

*(Not less than 2~ for
 

State Arts Agencies
 

& Regional Groups)
 

Treasury Fund 12,500,000
 

Challenge Grants 18,000,000
 

Photo/Film Project 2,000,000
 

Total $137,500,000
 

Administrative Funds As necessary
 

Grand Total $696,500,000
 

9
 

Appropriation
 

$ 74,500,000*
 

7,500,000
 

$ 82,000,000
 

$ 33,437,000*
 

500,000
 

$ 33,937,000
 

$ 77,500,000
 

7,500,000
 

9,000,000
 

$ 94,000,000
 

$ 89,100,000"
 

7,500,000
 

18,000,000
 

$114,600,000
 

8,900,000
 

$585,683,166
 
THE STUDY OF STATE ARTS AGENCIES
 

As the agencies had developed since 1965 with minimal staff,
 

few operational models, largely symbolic funding and a great
 

deal of caution, their course was difficult to plot. Data
 

was not gathered nationally in any comprehensive manner
 

and the information that was available was generally not
 

compatible fromstate to state.
 

Since 1966 the Associated Councils of the Arts has published
 

a directory of the agencies but no information was collected
 

for comparison purposes. In 1972, a first exploratory study,
 

STATE ARTS COUNCILS, was made by the National Research Center
 

of the Arts for the Associated Councils. This data was
 

limited to funds received and expended in 1971 and 1972 and
 

the number of projects conducted within various categories.
 

Even within these areas, only the most basic data was
 

collected and the variety of reporting methods used by the


states made it difficult to make more than minimal comparisons with even this data.
 

By 1974 the state arts agencies had achieved a milestone.
 

It was the first year in which all 55 were fully operating


with the support of state legislative appropriations.
 

Many had undergone one or more statutory revisions since
 

the issue of their original charter. And more and more
 

were beginning to offer substantial support to the arts
 

resources of the states.
 

As these changes occurred the individual agencies, the
 

National Council on the Arts and the National Endowment
 

for the Arts felt an increasing need for more detailed
 

information on the programs and operations of similar
 

agencies in other states. Thus this study was undertaken
 

by the National Endowment for the Arts with the cooperation
 

of the state arts agencies in the course of fiscal 1975.
 

The National Center o’f the Arts contracted to compile and
 

analyze information concerning:
 

the state arts agencies’ structure, management,
 

organization and relationships with other groups
 

and organizations;
 

-- their functions and practices; and
 

-- their receipts and expenditures.
 

This data was intended to describe the state arts agencies
 

as they existed at the close of fiscal 1974 to serve as
 

a data base from which future developments could be measured.
 

i0
 
With only one previous study as a model, an attempt was
 

made to design a questionnaire that would gather the vital


statistics on each agency and also identify some of the
 

qualitative aspects inherent in the operation of such
 

agencies. Thus the survey was conducted in two parts.
 

The first consisted of a personal interview with the
 

director of each agency (except those in Guam and American
 

Samoa). Following the interview, the agency personnel were
 

requested to complete several questionnaires, including a
 

form for each project expenditure made in fiscal 1974
 

indicating recipient, art form, activity and source of
 

funds. This raw data was collected and analyzed with the
 

assistance and advice of a number of agency directors and
 

chairmen.
 

In considering the information presented it should be kept
 

in mind that all judgments and perceptions are those of the
 

directors of the agencies. In those states where there was
 

no permanent director, the acting director or chairman was
 

interviewed.
 

Furthermore, this study sought only to determine the activities and characteristics of the state arts agencies themselves. Therefore, no attempt was made to catalog the
 

broader cultural resources of the states or to measure the
 

degree to which the individual needs of each state were
 

served.
 

FISCAL YEAR
 

Unless otherwise noted, all information presented is for
 

fiscal year 1974. Table 3 lists the opening and closing
 

dates of the fiscal year used by the 55 jurisdictions in1974.
 

Although the beginning of the federal fiscal year has been
 

changed to October i, effective in 1976, and a number of
 

states are changing the dates of their fiscal years as well,
 

all information given for 1976 is for the fiscal year which
 

ended in most states on June 30, 1976.
 

ii
 
TABLE 3
 

1974 FISCAL YEAR
 

Total Agencies
 

# % 

55 100 

ANNUAL: 35 64 

July i, 1973 - June 30, 1974 33 60 

September i, 1973 - August 31, 1974 1 2 

April i, 1973 - March 31, 1974 1 2 

BIENNIAL: 20 36 

July i, 1973 - June 30, 1975 15 27 

July i, 1972 - June 30, 1974 3 5 

September i, 1973 - August 31, 1975 1 2 

October i, 1973 - September 30, 1975 1 2 

BUDGET CATEGORIES
 

All information on the state arts agencies was analyzed by
 

budget size. For this purpose, the agencies were divided
 

into four categories based on their total expenditures for
 

fiscal 1974. This distinction has been used in this report
 

wherever there was an interesting difference in the responses
 

made by agencies within the various budget categories.
 

The following list of agencies indicates the states included
 

in each by budget category.
 

Below $250,000:
 

Guam, American Samoa, North Dakota, Idaho, Nevada, District
 

of Columbia, Wyoming, Wisconsin, Montana, Nebraska, New
 

Mexico, New Hampshire, Vermont, Delaware.
 

12
 
~250,000. to ~499~999:
 

Kansas, South Dakota, Utah, Louisiana, Oregon, Iowa,
 

Mississippi, Arizona, Oklahoma, Virgin Islands, Alabama,
 

Maine, Virginia, Colorado, Rhode Island, Kentuc]~y,
 

Georgia, North Carolina, Washington, Arkansas.
 

~500~000 to ~749,999:
 

Alaska, Florida, West Virginia, Tennessee, Indiana, Minnesota,
 

Maryland, Texas, South Carolina, Massachusetts, Connecticut.
 

~750,000 and over:
 

Hawaii, Missouri, New Jersey, Michigan, Illinois, Pennsylvania, Ohio, California, Puerto Rico, New York°
 

REGI ONS
 

All responses made on the survey questionnaires were also
 

analyzed by regions as defined by the bureau of the Census.


Since few variations were found from region to region, the
 

data is presented on a regional basis only in those few
 

instances where there was a discernible difference. Puerto
 

Rico, the Virgin Islands, American Samoa and Guam were not
 

included in any region.
 

Northeast:
 

Maine, New Hampshire, Vermont, Massachusetts, Rhode Island,
 

Connecticut~ New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania.
 

South:
 

Delaware, Maryland, District of Columbia, Virginia, West
 

Virginia, North Carolina, South Carolina, Georgia, Florida,
 

Kentucky, Tennessee, Alabama, Mississippi, Arkansas,
 

Louisiana, Texas, Oklahoma.
 

North Central:
 

Ohio, Indiana, Illinois, Michigan, Wisconsin, Minnesota~ Iowa,
 

Missouri, North Dakota, South Dakota, Nebraska, Kansas.
 

West :
 

Montana, Idaho, Wyoming, Colorado, New Mexico, Arizona,
 

Utah, Nevada, Washington, Oregon, California, Alaska,
 

Hawaii.
 

13
 
COUNCILS AND COMMISSIONS
 

In 1974 there were 55 state arts agencies operating either
 

as independent state offices or within another state department or office. Each was governed by an overall body usually
 

called a council or a commission.
 

TABLE 4
 

POSITION OF STATE ARTS AGENCY WITHIN THE
 

STATE GOVERNMENT IN FISCAL 1974
 

Total: 55 Agencies = 10~ 

Autonomous agency of state government 52% 

Autonomous agency within a larger agency 

or department 25 

Subordinate agency of" a larger agency 

or department 5 

Office in an agency or department that 

has purposes other than the arts 9 

Part of the executive office of the 

governor 9 

MEMBERSHIP
 

Excluding American Samoa, for which data on council membership was not obtained, these councils and commissions had
 

887 membership positions in 1974. Although the median
 

membership was 15 -- the actual number in 21 states -­

ranging from a high of 104 in Louisiana to a low of seven
 

each in Oregon and Puerto Rico. (Louisiana has since
 

reduced its council membership to 15.)
 

With few exceptions, the governor of the state selected all
 

members of the council or commission, either by direct
 

appointment or through the submission of nominations to the
 

state legislature. Members of the Florida Fine Arts Council
 

were named by the secretary of state. The Vermont Council
 

on the Arts is a private organization with members elected
 

15
 
by its constituents and one Council member appointed by the
 

governor. In Connecticut, the appointment authority was


divided among the governor (5 members), speaker of the
 

House (i0) and president of the Senate (i0).
 

Twenty-five council or commission chairmen were appointed
 

by the governor while another five were nominated by the
 

governor subject to legislative approval. All other councils
 

and commissions selected their own chairman from among
 

their membership.
 

The 54 directors responding to this Portion of the questionnaire (information was not obtained from Guam) were asked
 

to name the two or three factors which they considered to
 

be most influential in the selection of the members. The
 

directors were also asked which two or three factors they
 

believed should be most influential in this process. Table
 

5 summarizes their responses.
 

The selection of council or commission members was one of
 

the few areas covered by the survey in which the responses
 

varied markedly from region to region. Members in the
 

Northeast were reported to be chosen most often for their
 

expertise in arts administration while those in the West were
 

selected most often for their experience as successful
 

practicing artists. Directors from both the South and the
 

North Central regions cited political position and friendship
 

with officials or politicians as predominant membership
 

selection criteria.
 

In considering this question many individual directors
 

observed that the most desirable board should have a balanced
 

membership composed of individuals with a variety of complementary qualifications. Some directors distinguished
 

between the usefulness of those members who were friends
 

of officials or politicians and those who actually possessed
 

political influence. Also, members with experience in arts
 

administration were often considered to be more useful than
 

those who were professional artists.
 

Excluding the members of the Louisiana State Arts Council,
 

about whom no descriptive information was obtained, there
 

were 756 council or commission members actually serving
 

at the close of fiscal 1974, with 14 states reporting a
 

total of 27 vacancies. Among this cumulative membership,
 

the ratio of men to women was higher than that of the general
 

population. However, the proportion of white members, 89
 

per cent, was exactly the same as that shown for the general
 

population in the 1970 census.
 

16
 
TABLE 5
 

TWO OR THREE REASONS CITED BY DIRECTORS FOR
 

SELECTION OF COUNCIL AND COMMISSION MEMBERS*
 

Total: 55 Agencies = i0~ 

DID SHOULD 

PREDOMINATE PREDOMINATE 

Are friends of officials or
 

politicians 35% 2%
 

Are successful practicing artists 33 50
 

Are prominent in public life 31 19
 

Have political influence 31 13
 

Represent regions or areas of the
 

state (excluding elected or
 

appointed officials) 31 28
 

Are patrons of the arts or major
 

collectors 24 24
 

Are experts in the administration


or production of the arts 20 65
 

Are arts educators 19 19
 

Are prominent in business 17 20
 

Are socially prominent 15 ­

Are experts in non-arts administrative areas (such as law,
 

accounting, business practices,
 

etc.) 7 26
 

Represent segments of the population
 

(such as minority groups, etc.) 7
 26
 

Are prominent in foundations or
 

other non-profit organizations 4
 6
 

* Reasons cited by only one or two Directors were omitted
 

from this Table.
 

17
 
 

TABLE 6
 

PERSONAL CHARACTERISTICS OF
 

COUNCIL AND COMMISSION MEMBERS
 

(Base: 756 members serving at the close of fiscal 1974)
 

Total: 756 = 100%
 

SEX RACIAL/ETHNIC GROUP AG__~E
 

Male 56% White 8~ Under 25 years *
 

Female 44% Black 7 25-34 years 8% 

Spanish-American 2 35-49 years 40 

Oriental 1 50-64 years 40 

American Indian * 65 and over 8 

Other 1 not sure 4
 

* less than 0.5 per cent
 

When these membership characteristics are considered on the
 

basis of budget size, there are two notable variations. The
 

proportion of male members increased for those agencies
 

with the largest budgets -- over $750,000. Those agencies
 

with the largest budgets and those with the smallest --­

under $250,000 -- had somewhat greater ethnic representation
 

in their council and commission membership.
 

A majority of the members were occupied in one of three
 

broad fields: business and finance (22 per cent): arts
 

and culture (20 per cent); and education (16 per cent). A
 

large minority (26 per cent) were not professionally employed,
 

working primarily as civic volunteers. (Table 7)
 

While the distribution of membership occupations did not
 

change significantly by region or agency budget size, the
 

professional affiliations of council or commission members
 

in a few states did vary considerably from the norm. In
 

seven -- Florida, Hawaii, Minnesota, Missouri, Mississippi,
 

Nebraska and Tennessee -- no members were reported to be
 

employed in the arts or cultural fields. However, this
 

category did not include arts teachers who were counted as
 

educators. In another four states -- California, District
 

of Columbia, Maryland and Pennsylvania -- one in five members
 

were elected or appointed officials.
 

18
 
TABLE 7
 

OCCUPATIONS OF COUNCIL AND COMMISSION MEMBERS
 

(Base: 756 members serving at close of fiscal 1974)
 

BUSINESS/FINANCE 22% 

Bankers, accountants or other 

financial, experts 5 

Retailers 3 

Other business people 14 

ARTS/CULTURE 2O 

Artists 15 

Staff of cultural organizations 14 

Architects/urban planners 1 

Music/dance teachers 

Gallery owners 

EDUCATION 16 

Teachers - college/university 7 

Administrators 6 

Teachers - elementary/secondary 3 

PROFESSIONAL 6 

Lawyers 5 

Doctors 1 

MEDIA 5 

Critics 1 

Other 4 

VOLUNTEERS ACTIVE IN CIVIC AFFAIRS~ 

NOT OTHERWISE EMPLOYED 18 

HOMEMAKERS 8 

ELECTED OR APPOINTED STATE 

OFFICIALS 3 

UNION OFFICIALS 1 

OTHER 1 

*less than 0.5 per cent 

19 
TERMS OF SERVICE
 

Council or commission members were named for specific terms
 

of service in 54 of the 55 agencies. In 48 of these states,
 

the terms of members were staggered. While council or commission members in all states are eligible for more than
 

one term, in 12 states these terms may not be consecutive.
 

Among all members serving at the close of 1974, the majority
 

had held their positions for at least three years. Only 15
 

states reported that most members had served just one term.
 

In 32 states, the council or commission chairman also served
 

a specified term, usually one year. However, in most cases,


the chairman could serve two or more consecutive terms.
 

TABLE 8
 

SPECIFIED TERMS OF SERVICE OF
 

COUNCIL AND COMMISSION MEMBERS
 

Total: 55 = 10~ 

SPECIFIED TERMS 5--4 9~/o 

1 year - - 2 years 2 4 

3 years 24 43 

4 years 15 27 

More than 4 years 13 24 

NO SPECIFIED TERMS 1 2 

TABLE 9
 

TIME SERVED ON COUNCILS AND COMMISSIONS
 

(Base: 756 members serving at close of fiscal 1974)
 

Total: 756 = 10~
 

Less than 1 year 15%
 

1 - 2 years 24
 

3 - 5 years 42
 

6 - l0 years 18
 

More than i0 years 1
 

2O
 
MEETINGS AND REIMBURSEMENT
 

Fifteen councils or commissions were not required to meet
 

a minimum number of times while most of the remainder were
 

required to hold four meetings or less. However, almost all
 

met more frequently than required during 1974, with the
 

average number of sessions increasing in proportion to the
 

size of the agencies’ budgets. Moreover, membership attendance rates were high, averaging 75.5 per cent. Five councils
 

or commissions were reported to have met only once or twice
 

and just one had a reported average attendance of less than
 

50 per cent.
 

TABLE i0
 

NUMBER OF COUNCIL AND COMMISSION MEETINGS
 

IN 1974 BY TOTAL AGENCY EXPENDITURES
 

EXPENDITURES MEETINGS 

Below $250,000 4.9 

$250,000 - $499,999 6.3 

$500,000 - $749,999 6.7 

Over $750,000 7.5 

Average 6.2 

Like most other government agencies, more and more councils
 

and commissions are being required to meet in public sessions.
 

In 1974, 40 councils and commissions were required to hold
 

at least some public meetings. By 1975, that number had
 

increased to 44 and eight of the remaining agencies held
 

some public sessions as well.
 

Most agencies -- 44 -- reimbursed members for expenses
 

incurred in attending meetings. Five of these agencies also
 

paid an honorarium for meetings while one agency paid an
 

honorarium but no expenses. One agency had a flexible
 

policy and the remaining nine did not reimburse members at
 

all.
 

COMMITTEES AND PANELS
 

In addition to full council or commission meetings, many
 

agencies made use of committees drawn from the council or
 

21
 
commission membership to make policy decisions and to manage
 

agency affairs. Advisory panels, generally composed of
 

experts from the community-at-large, were also used by many
 

agencies to expand their pool of available expertise.
 

A total of 33 councils and commissions met in committee
 

sessions during 1974, with the number of committees per
 

agency ranging from one to 12. A majority of these committees were concerned with policy -- an executive committee
 

was most frequently named -- with secondary attention given
 

to grant review.
 

TABLE ll
 

FUNCTIONS OF COMMITTEES OF COUNCILS
 

AND COMMISSIONS IN FISCAL 1974
 

Total number of committees: 127 = 10~ 

Policy 

Grant Review 

34% 

ii 

Combination Policy/Grant ~Review 

Other Areas 

37 

18 

Even more common than the formation of committees was the use
 

of advisory panels. In 1974, 37 agencies sought the assistance
 

of expert panels, and the number increased to 38 in 1975.
 

In contrast to the policy concerns of the committees, the
 

major function of these panels has been to review grant
 

applications and make recommendations to the agency. For
 

this reason, panels were most often organized by art form
 

with members usually selected for their particular artistic
 

expertise. In 22 states some council or commission members
 

served on these advisory panels as well. In most cases,
 

panel members were appointed by the council or commission
 

and their chairmen, while the director and the staff of the
 

agencies made these selections in the remaining instances.
 

22
 
TABLE 12
 

FUNCTIONS OF ADVISORY PANELS OF
 

COUNCILS AND COMMISSIONS IN FISCAL 1974
 

Total number of panels: 188 = 100% 

Policy 

Grant Review 

Combination Policy/Gran

Other Areas 

t Review 

8% 

56 

31 

5 

More than half of the agencies using panels (22) reimbursed
 

the members for their expenses. Three of these agencies
 

also paid an honorarium while three others paid an honorarium
 

but no expenses. Five agencies had flexible reimbursement
 

policies while the remaining seven provided no reimbursement
 

for panel members.
 

23
 
24
 
AGENCY STAFF
 

DIRECTORS
 

All but one of the 55 agencies had a director, usually with
 

the title of executive director, who served as the chief
 

administrator during 1974. The council chairman administered
 

the arts agency in Samoa.
 

Forty-one of the directors were appointed by their council
 

or commission: one was chosen by the council chairman and
 

one by the head of the department in which the arts agency
 

was housed. The other directors were appointed by their
 

governors. A majority of the directors were male and had


some post graduate education. ~heir ages ranged from 25 to
 

over 55, with an average age of 41.2 years.
 

TABLE 13
 

PERSONAL CHARACTERISTICS OF DIRECTORS
 

(Base: 54 paid or unpaid directors serving at the close
 

of fiscal 1974)
 

Total: 54 = i0~
 

SEX AGE EDUCATION 

Male 65% 25-34 years 3~ High School graduate 2% 

Female 35 35-44 years 31 College graduate 31 

45-54 years 31 Additional higher 

education 19 

55 and over 8 

Master’s degree 42 

Doctoral degree 6 

Four of these directors had received a master’s degree in
 

arts administration,, most had some general management training
 

or experience, and a majority had training and experience
 

in arts administration before their appointment as agency
 

directors.
 

25
 
TABLE 14
 

MANAGEMENT TRAINING AND EXPERIENCE OF DIRECTORS
 

(Base: 54 directors serving at the close of fiscal 1974)
 

Total: 54 = i0~ 

General management experience or training 93% 

Arts management training 52 

Master’s.degree in arts administration 8 

Arts management experience 

Management experience in another field 

67 

65 

Because of the brief period involved -- only a few agencies
 

had been operating for more than several years as of 1974 -­

directors were not likely to have had extensive experience
 

in the arts agency field before assuming their positions.
 

It is difficult to place salary levels of directors in a
 

proper context because of a rapid increase in agency budgets
 

over the last decade and a commensurate growth in directors’
 

responsibilities and salaries. However, figures for 1974
 

illustrate a positive correlation between the size of the
 

agency’s budget and the salary of the directors.
 

TABLE 15
 

MEDIAN SALARY OF DIRECTORS~
 

BY TOTAL EXPENDITURES OF AGENCY
 

(Base: 53 salaries of paid directors at close of fiscal 1974)
 

EXPENDITURES MEDIAN SALARY
 

Below $250,000 (13 directors) $14,600
 

$250,000 - $499,999 (20 directors) $17,700
 

$500,000 - $749,999 (i0 directors) $22,500
 

Over $750,000 (i0 directors) $25,000
 

Among the 54 directors serving at the close of fiscal 1974:
 

-- the median number of years experience in state
 

arts agencies was 5.5:
 

26
 
-- the median number of years in the current position
 

was 2.5; and,
 

-- the median salary was $18,900.
 

STAFF EMPLOYEES
 

Including directors and contract personnel, there were 483
 

full or part time employees in 54 agencies at the close of
 

fiscal 19745 The Samoa Arts Council was administered by its
 

chairman and had no paid employees.
 

TABLE 16
 

TYPE OF PERSONNEL
 

(Base: Paid staff in 54 agencies at the close of fiscal 1974)
 

Total: 483 = i0~ 

Full-time 87% 

Part-time 13 

Executive/professional 65 

Clerical 35 

Civil Service 34 

Contract 20 

Neither Civil Service nor contract 46 

Union members 8 

Non-union members 92 

The number of agency staff employed ranged from one in Guam
 

to 82 in New York. With few exceptions, the size of an
 

agency’s budget correlates closely with the size of its staff
 

complement.
 

27
 
 

 

New York
 

Tennessee
 

Michigan
 

Puerto Rico
 

Connecticut
 

South Carolina
 

Minnesota
 

Rhode Island
 

Colorado
 

Pennsylvania
 

Texas
 

Illinois
 

Indiana
 

Maryland
 

California
 

Massachusetts
 

Mississippi
 

Ohio
 

Alabama
 

Arizona
 

New Jersey
 

Washington
 

Alaska
 

Kentucky
 

Maine
 

Oklahoma
 

West Virginia
 

Hawaii
 

TABLE 17
 

NUMBER OF PAID STAFF, INCLUDING DIRECTOR AND CONSULTANTS
 

AND CONTRACT PERSONNEL, SERVING IN A STAFF CAPACITY AT CLOSE OF FISCAL 1974
 

TOTAL FULL-TIME PART-TIME TOTAL FULL-TIME PART-TIME
 

82
 

30
 

29
 

29
 

17
 

15
 

13
 

12
 

ii
 

ii
 

ii
 

i0
 

i0
 

i0
 

9
 

9
 

9
 

9
 

8
 

8
 

7
 

7
 

6
 

6
 

6
 

6
 

6
 

5
 

80
 

27
 

26
 

22
 

14
 

14
 

7
 

7
 

9
 

ii
 

8
 

i0
 

i0
 

6
 

9
 

9
 

5
 

9
 

8
 

6
 

6
 

7
 

6
 

6
 

6
 

6
 

5
 

4
 

2
 

3
 

3
 

7
 

3
 

1
 

6
 

5
 

2
 

-


3
 

-


-


4
 

-


-


4
 

-


-


2
 

1
 

-


-


-


-


-


1
 

1
 

Iowa
 

Louisiana
 

Missouri
 

New Mexico
 

North Carolina
 

Vermont
 

Virgin Islands
 

Georgia
 

Kansas
 

Nebraska
 

New Hampshire
 

Oregon
 

South Dakota
 

Arkansas
 

Delaware
 

District of
 

Columbia
 

Florida
 

Montana
 

Utah
 

Virginia
 

Wisconsin
 

Idaho
 

Nevada
 

North Dakota
 

Wyoming
 

Guam
 

American Samoa
 

~ 


5
 

5
 

5
 

5
 

5
 

5
 

5
 

4
 

4
 

4
 

4
 

4
 

4
 

3
 

3
 

3
 

3
 

3
 

3
 

3
 

3
 

2
 

2
 

2
 

2
 

I
 

4 i 

3 2 

5 -

4 I 

5 -

5 -

5 -

4 -

4 -

2 2 

4 -

4 -

2 2 

2 i 

2 1 

3 -

2 I 

3 -

3 -

-­ ’3 

2 -

1 1 

- 2 

2 -

1 -
 

 

 

TABLE 18
 

AVERAGE NUMBER OF PAID STAFF AT CLOSE OF
 

FISCAL 1974, BY TOTAL EXPENDITURES
 

AVERAGE STAFF
 

All Agencies 9
 

Below $250,000 3
 

$250,000 - $499~999 6
 

$500,000 - $749,999 12
 

Over $750,000 20
 

Although there were more women than men on agency staffs in
 

1974, men held a majority of the executive and professional
 

positions. And while the proportion of white staff members
 

was less than that of the general population, non-white staff
 

held more than a proportional share of clerical positions.
 

TABLE 19
 

CHARACTERISTICS OF PAID STAFF
 

(Base: Paid staff in 54 agencies at close of fiscal 1974)
 

Total: 483 = 10~
 

EXECUT!VE/, 

PROFESSIONAL CLERICAL FULL-TIME PART-TIME
 

314 169 418 65
 

SEX
 

Male 4~ 57% I~/o 41% 34%
 

Female 6~ 43 90 59 66
 

RACIAL/ETHNIC GROUP
 

White 83% 84 79 84 83
 

Black 9 7 12 9 2
 

Spanish-American 7 8 5 6 ii
 

Oriental 1 1 2 1 2
 

American Indian * - 1 - 2
 

Other * - 1 * ­

MEDIAN SALARY $9,700 $12,000 $6,600 $10,500 $3,700
 

* less than 0.5 per cent
 

29
 
In 38 of the agencies, salaries of all employees were
 

established by the state while some employees in another


eight agencies were also covered by a state salary scale.
 

The agency itself set salary levels in eight states and the
 

remaining ~gency (Samoa) had no paid staff. Thirty-four
 

per cent of, all agency employees were covered by a state
 

civil servfce system which determined salary levels and
 

other conditions of employment. Although 38 agencies had
 

their sal@ry scales set by their states, only 29 of the
 

54 directors considered their staff salaries on a par with
 

those set for other state agencies. Three of the 54
 

directors considered their staffs better paid than other
 

state employees but 19 thought their staffs to be less
 

well paid.
 

Although 41 directors felt that higher arts agency salary
 

scales would help to attract and hold qualified personnel,
 

only two directors reported that the staff they had was not
 

adequately trained or experienced. 47 directors thought
 

they did not have a sufficient number of positions available.
 

The areas in which staff numbers were reported to be
 

insufficient were: programs (23 agencies): secretarial or
 

clerical (20 agencies): administration (15 agencies): and
 

community development (ii agencies).
 

The limited funds available to state arts agencies for
 

staff salaries is emphasized by the fact that funds from
 

the National Endowment for the Arts were used to provide
 

salaries for staff members and/or consultants or contract
 

personnel in 42 states during 1974. This number rose to
 

49 in 1975.
 

OTHER ADVISORS AND CONSULTANTS
 

Staff resources were often supplemented through the use of
 

outside consultants and, in some cases, by volunteers. Of
 

the 35 agencies which hired consultants during 1974, 26
 

sought fund raising and budgeting assistance. Most other
 

consultancies were used to meet an individual need not
 

named by more than one agency director.
 

Volunteers did not constitute a major labor force for most
 

state arts agencies. In 1974, only 23 agencies used them,
 

with only eight of these doing so on a regular basis.
 

30
 
ASSOCIATED FOUNDATIONS
 

Twelve state arts agencies had separate associated foundations during 1974. The primary purpose of these
 

foundations was to provide a means of engaging in activities
 

from which the agency itself was prohibited. For example,
 

some states prohibit the receipt of private funds by any
 

state agency but not by associated foundations. Some states
 

also prohibit direct grants by state agencies -- but not by
 

foundations -- to certain types of applicants, e.g. individuals or public schools.
 

Among these foundations, Connecticut’s is unique, being
 

established as the chief grant-making body for the state
 

arts agency and provided with an annually renewable loan
 

from the state treasury. The interest earned on t/%at amount
 

-- $482,240 in 1974 -- is combined with other income from
 

private sources and from the National Endowment for the
 

Arts to finance the foundation’s activities.
 

Eleven of the associated foundations were governed by their
 

own boards in 1974. (The Massachusetts’ foundation was
 

not fully operational in 1974 and had no board.) Ranging
 

in size from 5 to 25 members, with a total possible membership of 126, the boards had five vacancies at the close of
 

fiscal 1974, leaving an actual membership of 121.
 

While there was some overlap between the foundation board
 

and the council or commission membership in all eleven
 

states, the members of the foundation boards were more likely
 

to be white (94 per cent), male (68 per cent), over 50 years
 

of age (43 per cent), and occupied in business or finance
 

(29 per cent).
 

Nine of the foundations had paid staff members with a total
 

of 17 positions. More than two-thirds of the staff were
 

professional and more than half were male. Only three
 

foundations had more than one employee.
 

31
 
32
 
ADMINISTRATION AND OPERATION
 

EXECUTIVE RESPONSIBILITY
 

Decision making responsibility in the state arts agencies,
 

as reported by the survey questionnaire, tended to be
 

shared broadly, with council or commission members, chairmen,
 

directors and staff all playing a role in formulating the
 

agencies’ policies and administering their programs. Other
 

state officials, primarily the governor and the legislature,
 

exercised some authority in these areas as well. However,
 

the degree of authority held by various officials depended
 

in large part on the nature of the responsibility involved.
 

Most directors possessed administrative authority; council
 

or commission members held policy and g~ant-making authority;
 

and the governor and the legislature often shared in the
 

control of the budget.
 

In most instances, agency decisions in policy, programming
 

and planning were final. In a minority of states, however,
 

decisions of the council or commission could be vetoed,
 

generally by the governor or some other member of the state
 

administration.
 

In most states, both the chairman and the director met with
 

the governor and the members of the legislature on matters
 

concerning the state arts agency. Indicative of the difference in their roles, more chairmen met with the governor
 

personally while more directors met with the governor’s staff
 

and with the legislature. Directors, on the average, also
 

met more frequently with all staff members of the state
 

government than did chairmen.
 

Among the 54 agencies with directors, general administration
 

was reported to be the most time-consuming activity undertaken by the director, followed closely by dealings with
 

council or commission members and preparing the programs
 

and budget of the agency. Other activities reported to
 

consume large amounts of time included communicating with
 

members of the cultural community and the general public,
 

counseling artists and art organizations, and long-range
 

planning. In contrast, most directors thought that their most
 

most important function was working with council or commission members, followed by the day-to-day administration of
 

the agency.
 

33
 
TABLE 20
 

RESPONSIBILITY FOR ADMINISTRATION OF AGENCY
 

Total: 55 Agencies = i00~
 

INVOLVED IN DELIBERATION
 

Council and commissionmembers 29%
 

Council and commission chairman 42
 

Agency Director 95
 

Staff Members 65
 

Legislature 2
 

Governor 9
 

Committees 20
 

Panels 0
 

Consultants 4
 

Director of Department 9
 

State Budget or Finance Officer 13
 

FINAL RESPONSIBILITY FOR DECISIONS
 

Council and commission members 11%
 

Council and commission chairman 24
 

Agency Director 75
 

Staff Members 9
 

Legislature 2
 

Governor
 ii
 

Committees
 ii
 

Panels
 2
 

Director of Department
 5
 

State Budget or Finance Officer
 0
 

34
 
TABLE 21
 

RESPONSIBILITY FOR GRANT AND PROJECT FUNDING
 

Total: 55 agencies = 100%
 

INVOLVED IN DELIBERATIONS
 

Council and commission members 87%
 

Council and commission chairman 69
 

Agency Director 82
 

Staff Members 65
 

Legislature 4
 

Governor 5
 

Committees 36
 

Panels 51
 

Consultants 16
 

Director of Department 2
 

State Budget or Finance Officer 9
 

FINAL RESPONSIBILITY FOR DECISIONS
 

Council and commission members 87%
 

Council and commission chairman 31
 

Agency Director 25
 

Staff Members 9
 

Legislature 0
 

Governor 5
 

Committees
 9
 

Panels
 5
 

Director of Department
 4
 

State Budget or Finance Officer
 0
 

35
 
ADMINISTRATIVE COSTS
 

State arts agencies spent a total of $43,780,286 in fiscal
 

1974, with program costs, including those for development
 

and implementation accounting for 86 per cent. The remaining
 

funds ($6,289,204) were spent on personnel and administrative
 

overhead. When the expenditures of the New York State
 

Council on the Arts are excluded, program costs drop to 82
 

per cent of the total while there is an increase in proportion spent on personnel and administrative overhead. New
 

York’s program budget was large for the size of its staff
 

when compared with other agencies in fiscal 1974. Only
 

American Samoa, with no staff, reported no personnel or
 

administrative overhead. Guam, which had no paid personnel,
 

also reported no personnel costs but devoted about one per
 

cent of its expenditures to administration. The proportions
 

spent on personnel and administrative overhead reported by
 

other agencies ranged from a high of 52 per cent in Oklahoma
 

to six per cent in New Jersey and four per cent in North
 

Dakota. Comparisons of administrative costs among state
 

arts agencies are difficult because the agencies employed a
 

variety of accounting procedures defining administrative and
 

program costs differently. The one aspect clearly discernible in the proportion of administrative expenditures was its
 

inverse relationship to the size of the total agency budget.
 

Those agencies with the largest budgets such as New York,
 

California, and Pennsylvania had relatively smaller personnel
 

and administrative overhead costs.
 

The administrative costs of an agency were influenced by mandated state salary levels, the number of agency-administered
 

programs it supported, the extent to which it used committee
 

or advisory manpower, and its placement within another,
 

larger state agency which may have provided support services.
 

However, the percentage of its budget spent on administration
 

was chiefly dependent upon the average size of its grants.
 

Those agencies with the largest budgets generally made larger
 

grants incurring fewer administrative costs per program
 

dollar.
 

Administrative costs were lessened for those agencies which
 

received goods or services from other state agencies without
 

cost. Fourteen state arts agencies paid no rent for office
 

space during 1974, while 43 agencies received other forms of
 

support without charge. While such support generally consisted of services performed by employees of other state
 

agencies -- fiscal, legal, advisory, consultative, administrative and management services were those most frequently
 

named -- some agencies also reported receiving assistance in
 

the purchase of goods, including printing, utilities, office
 

36
 
supplies, equipment and insurance. Other agencies using
 

services provided by the state were required to pay for
 

them. Most often, these purchased services included
 

printing, reproduction and photgraphy, transportation
 

and telephone systems.
 

TABLE 22
 

STATE ARTS AGENCY EXPENDITURES FOR FISCAL 1974
 

All Agencies
 

Total Expenditures $43,780,286 100% 

Program Expenditures 37,491,082 86 

Projects 34,553,000 92 

Project Administration 3,287,847 8 

Personnel Costs 4,365,811 i0 

Other Administrative COSTS 1,923,393 4 

Excluding New York
 

Total Expenditures $27,183,347 100%
 

Program Expenditures 22,345,072 82
 

Projects 19,440,000 90
 

Project Administration 2,682,007 I0
 

Personnel Costs 3,279,023 12
 

Other Administrative Costs 1,559,252 6
 

37
 
TABLE 23
 

EXPENDITURES OF STATE ARTS AGENCIES IN FISCAL 1974
 

Alabama
 

Alaska
 

American Samoa
 

Arizona
 

Arkansas
 

California
 

Colorado
 

Connecticut
 

Delaware
 

Dist. of Columbia
 

Florida
 

Georgia
 

Guam
 

Hawaii
 

Total
 

384,850
 

i00
 

500,774
 

i00
 

120,000
 

i00
 

311,485
 

i00
 

474,763
 

i00
 

1,242,511
 

i00
 

319,975
 

i00
 

625,917
 

i00
 

244,209
 

i00
 

201,900
 

i00
 

505,693
 

i00
 

443,617
 

i00
 

78,077
 

i00
 

777,727
 

i00
 

Expenditures for
 

Programs
 

259,859
 

68
 

417,374
 

83
 

120,000
 

i00
 

242,785
 

78
 

441,282
 

93
 

1,013,748
 

82
 

229,012
 

71
 

540,917
 

87
 

213,903
 

87
 

149,900
 

75
 

415,798
 

82
 

373,617
 

84
 

77,256
 

99
 

720,973
 

93
 

38
 

Other Other AdminPersonnel istration 

Costs Expenditures 

59,212 65,779 

15 17 

58,400 25,000 

12 5 

46,000 22,700 

15 7 

24,139 9,342 

5 2 

140,826 87,937 

ii 7 

70,106 20,857 

22 7 

70,000 15,000 

ii 2 

25,955 4,351 

ii 2 

30,925 21,075 

15 i0 

55,788 34,107 

ii 7 

57,234 12,766 

13 3 

821 

i 

47,474 9,280 

6 i 
TABLE 23 (continued)
 

Idaho
 

Illinois
 

Indiana
 

Iowa
 

Kansas
 

Kentucky
 

Louisiana
 

Maine
 

Maryland
 

Massachusetts
 

Michigan
 

Minnesota
 

Mississippi
 

Missouri
 

Total
 

183,508
 

i00
 

873,541
 

i00
 

498,937
 

i00
 

291,285
 

i00
 

261,059
 

i00
 

427,754
 

i00
 

286,150
 

i00
 

385,569
 

i00
 

719,352
 

I00
 

769,812
 

I00
 

939,439
 

i00
 

695,227
 

i00
 

301,298
 

i00
 

828,706
 

I00
 

Expenditures for
 

Programs
 

163,508
 

90
 

733,335
 

84
 

360,648
 

72
 

248,444
 

86
 

200,425
 

77
 

341,509
 

79
 

242,150
 

85
 

311,523
 

81
 

633,837
 

88
 

634,724~
 

82
 

856,362
 

91
 

591,483
 

85
 

225,630
 

75
 

745,847
 

90
 

Other
 

Personnel
 

Costs
 

$/%
 

15,452
 

8
 

63,069
 

7
 

107,429
 

22
 

33,405
 

ii
 

47,720
 

18
 

58,049
 

14
 

35,000
 

12
 

59,046
 

15
 

55,015
 

8
 

97,439
 

13
 

54,376
 

6
 

60,517
 

9
 

31,324
 

i0
 

47,613
 

6
 

Other Administration
 

Expenditures
 

$/%
 

4,548
 

2
 

77,137
 

9
 

30,860 

6
 

9,436
 

3
 

12,914
 

5
 

28,196
 

7
 

9,000
 

3
 

15,000
 

4
 

30,500
 

4
 

37,649
 

5
 

28,701
 

3
 

43,227
 

6
 

44,344
 

15
 

35,246
 

4
 

39
 
TABLE 23 (continued)
 

Montana
 

Nebraska
 

Nevada
 

New Hampshire
 

New Jersey
 

New Mexico
 

New York
 

North Carolina
 

North Dakota
 

Ohio
 

Oklahoma
 

Oregon
 

Pennsylvania
 

Puerto Rico
 

Rhode Island
 

Total
 

$/%
 

227,092
 

i00
 

239,579
 

i00
 

188,836 

i00 

238,192
 

I00
 

921,675
 

i00
 

244,295
 

i00
 

16,596,939
 

i00
 

422,103
 

i00
 

179,100
 

i00
 

1,084,075
 

i00
 

296,753
 

i00
 

271,713
 

i00
 

1,051,427
 

i00
 

2,756,370
 

i00
 

437,933
 

i00
 

Expenditures for
 

Prosrams
 

$1%
 

195,723
 

87
 

196,211
 

82
 

152,837
 

81
 

184,918
 

78
 

871,675
 

94
 

184,298
 

76
 

15,146,010
 

91
 

373,817
 

84
 

173,000
 

96
 

929,304
 

86
 

141,385
 

48
 

207,150
 

76
 

857,576
 

82
 

2,065,230
 

75
 

372,425
 

85
 

Other
 

Personnel
 

Costs
 

$/%
 

19,160
 

8
 

29,298
 

12
 

19,185
 

i0
 

33,839
 

14
 

35,000
 

4
 

34,654
 

14
 

1,086,788
 

7
 

61,261
 

14
 

3,000
 

2
 

111,378 

i0 

94,670
 

32
 

58,570
 

22
 

126,818
 

12
 

517,370
 

19
 

48,298
 

ii
 

Other Administration
 

Expenditures
 

$/%
 

12,209
 

5
 

14,070
 

6
 

16,814
 

9
 

19,435
 

8
 

15,000
 

2
 

25,343
 

i0
 

364,141
 

2
 

7,025
 

2
 

3,100
 

2
 

43,393
 

4
 

60,698
 

20
 

5,993
 

2
 

67,033
 

6
 

173,770
 

6
 

17,210
 

4
 

40
 
TABLE 23 (continued)
 

South Carolina
 

South Dakota
 

Tennessee
 

Texas
 

Utah
 

Vermont
 

Virgin Islands
 

Virginia
 

Washington
 

West Virginia
 

Wisconsin
 

Wyoming
 

Total
 

Expenditures
 

in Fiscal 1974
 

Total without
 

New York
 

Total
 

$/%
 

713,75~
 

i00
 

265,032
 

i00
 

524,313
 

i00
 

747,140
 

I00
 

256,126
 

i00
 

240,766
 

i00
 

343,167
 

I00
 

402,207
 

i00
 

470,164
 

i00
 

542,280
 

i00
 

213,335
 

i00
 

192,784
 

i00
 

43,780,286
 

i00
 

27,183,347
 

i00
 

Expenditures for
 

Programs
 

$/%
 

491,912
 

"69
 

204,133
 

77
 

393,446
 

75
 

664,795
 

89
 

208,916
 

81
 

173,847
 

73
 

268,167
 

78
 

353,542
 

88
 

339,992
 

73
 

505,120
 

93
 

171,108
 

8O
 

158,696
 

82
 

37,491,082
 

86
 

22,345,072
 

82
 

Other
 

Personnel
 

Costs
 

$/%
 

139,797
 

20
 

42,836
 

16
 

75,262
 

14
 

49,660
 

7
 

35,170
 

14
 

41,893
 

17
 

54,700
 

16
 

35,002
 

9
 

81,565
 

17
 

37,160
 

7
 

25,024
 

12
 

16,940
 

9
 

4,365,811
 

i0
 

3,279,023
 

12
 

Other Administration
 

Expenditures
 

$/%
 

82,046
 

ii
 

18,063
 

7
 

55,605
 

ii
 

32,685
 

4
 

12,040
 

5
 

25,026
 

i0
 

20,300
 

6
 

13,663
 

3
 

48,607
 

i0
 

17,203
 

8
 

17,148
 

9
 

1,923,393
 

4
 

1,559,252
 

6
 
STATE BUDGETS
 

Seventy per cent of all state arts agency funds were derived
 

from state legislative appropriations in 1974. When New York
 

State’s large appropriation is excluded, legislative appropriations account for 54 per cent of agency receipts. The
 

majority of the agencies received an annual appropriation,
 

usually pegged to the federal fiscal year which began on
 

July i, 1973. The 20 remaining agencies had biennial appropriations, also usually geared to the federal fiscal calendar. Only three of these agencies had discretion in the
 

distribution of expenditures during the biennium while
 

legislatures in 15 of these states specified separate amounts
 

for each of the two years. One agency was required to divide
 

the appropriation evenly over the period and one was obliged
 

to reserve 25 per cent of each budget item until the final
 

quarter of the biennium.
 

Arts agencies reported submitting one of four budget types
 

to their state legislatures for fiscal 1974. A few more
 

than a third presented their requests broken into broad
 

categories while another third used a combination of broad
 

categories and line items. Only ten agencies used totally
 

line item formats while six requested an overall total
 

without itemizing or categorizing.
 

Agency directors have emphasized that the form of budget
 

used can have a direct bearing on agency programs. The use
 

of line items specifying how portions of funds may be spent
 

can restrict the agency’s ability to establish its own
 

program priorities.
 

The categories employed by the 28 agencies using at least
 

some line items were usually specific activities or art
 

forms, salaries, personnel costs and administration. Those
 

submitting categorical budgets most often made requests for
 

program areas, types of activities or art forms, and administration.
 

Although a majority of the agencies using line items were
 

permitted to use funds for purposes other than those
 

specified, many agencies had to obtain permission from a
 

designated state administrator, usually the state budget
 

officer or comptroller, if they wished to do so. Ten
 

agencies working under budgets which included line items
 

reported they could not use funds for any purposes other
 

than those specified.
 

42
 
Among the 40 Agencies which had program funds appropriated
 

by their state legislatures (15 agencies received only
 

administrative funds from the state), 30 requested program
 

and administrative funds separately. Five requested dollar
 

totals with allocation expressed on a percentage basis and
 

five made no distinction between administrative and program
 

requests.
 

Four directors reported that their budgets were submitted
 

directly to their state legislatures. All other arts agency
 

budgets were first submitted to another office or department
 

within the state government, u~ually the department of
 

finance, budget office, comptroller, executive department
 

or department of administration. Many agencies which existed


as a part of a larger state agency reported submitting their
 

budgets first to their parent department. More than half
 

of those agencies submitting their budgets through another
 

office reported that the documents were substantially altered
 

before being passed on to the state legislature. All but
 

three arts agencies were given the opportunity to give their


own testimony before the committee, subcommittee or commission of the legislature which reviewed the agency’s budget


proposal. Testimony on behalf of the three not making their
 

own presentation was offered by another state government
 

official.
 

TABLE 24
 

TYPE OF BUDGET REPORTEDLY SUBMITTED TO
 

STATE LEGISLATURE FOR FISCAL 1974
 

Total: 55 Agencies = 100%
 

Budget for broad categories 36% 

Budget combining broad 

categories and line items 35 

Line-item budget 18 

Overall amount only ii 

43
 
INTRASTATE RELATIONSHI PS
 

In addition to the administration of their own agencies,
 

ten directors reported that they also had responsibility for
 

planning or administering arts-related expenditures for
 

another state agency during 1974. The funds involved in
 

these cases were appropriated for other departments including
 

those for economic development, conservation, public works,
 

health and welfare, state museums and Bicentennial commissions. The purposes of these funds included the purchase of
 

art works, the payment of salaries, the circulation of
 

exhibits and the support of institutional programs, visiting
 

artist projects and special urban programs.
 

TABLE 25
 

OTHER	 STATE GOVERNMENT AGENCIES OR DEPARTMENTS REPORTED
 

TO PROVIDE SOME TYPE OF SUPPORT TO THE ARTS
 

Total: 55 Agencies = 100% 

Education 89% 

Conservation/natural resources 35 

Health and welfare, mental health, aging 27 

Economic development, commerce, industry 24 

Corrections 22 

Bicentennial Commission 20 

Historical preservation, historical society 18 

State library, archives 13 

Museum 7 

Highways/transportation 7 

Tourism 5 

Public broadcasting authority 5 

Community affairs 4 

Agriculture 4 

Other 36 

44 
Forty-nine arts agency directors reported that they were
 

aware of programs in the arts sponsored by their states’ education departments. All but ten directors indicated that they
 

enjoyed a positive relationship with education officials and
 

a sizable majority of the arts agencies participated in joint
 

programming with their education departments during 1974.
 

,,Artists-in-schools", a program of the National Endowment
 

for the Arts which is administered chiefly by state arts
 

agencies and supported with matching funds from these


agencies’ participating schools, was the joint program most
 

commonly undertaken in cooperation with the education
 

department.
 

Most arts agency directors also reported the participation


of at least one other state agency -- ranging from health
 

to agriculture -- in some type of arts programming. These
 

programs generally involved support for tourism, the production of films and broadcasts, and assistance in the development of crafts.
 

COMMUNITY COUNCILS
 

While the state arts agencies were becoming established, many
 

municipalities and regions within the states had already


formed their own community arts councils. By 1974, all
 

except two territories -- Guam and Samoa -- had such councils.
 

Whether private organizations or functions of local government these councils served their locations through the
 

coordination of information and services, booking assistance
 

and the sponsorship of exhibitions, performances and educational programs, and grant-making. Although only five state
 

arts agencies were required by state law to support these
 

community councils, all 53 agencies with councils provided


some form of support, usually in the form of grants for
 

projects and/or technical assistance.
 

CITIZEN ADVOCATES
 

Independent groups of citizen advocates were active in nearly
 

half of the states in 1974. Whether an organization of
 

community arts councils, a society associated with one of
 

the state’s cultural institutions or a general activist group,
 

these organizations promoted the interests of the arts within
 

the state and advocated public support, particularly in advocating state legislative appropriations for the state arts
 

agency.
 

45
 
TABLE 26
 

SUPPORT PROVIDED TO COMMUNITY ARTS COUNCILS
 

Total: 53 Agencies = 100% 

Provide grants for projects 96% 

Provide technical assistance to councils 91 

Assist in establishment of community councils 81 

Provide basic operating support 60 

Reimburse councils for assistance in 

carrying out state projects 58 

REGIONAL RELATIONSHIPS
 

Programming on a regional basis, either ad hoc or through
 

the establishment of interstate organizations, (e.g. the
 

New England Regional Committee and the Western States Arts
 

Foundation), has been increasing rapidly. Prior to 1974,
 

21 agencies belonged to a regional organization of state
 

arts agencies. In 1974, that number had increased to 31.
 

In 1975, 34 agencies belonged to these regional groups and
 

another eight reported that they anticipated joining such
 

groups. Only five directors indicated they believed such
 

memberships would not be useful to their agencies. The
 

benefits of regional organization membership cited by the
 

directors included: the sharing of expenses; the pooling
 

of resources, ideas and expertise; and the provision of
 

greater opportunity for experience and audience exposure
 

for artists from their own states.
 

46
 
FUNCTIONS AND PRACTICES
 

PROGRAM EMPHASES
 

The directors reported that each of their agencies had
 

participated in a wide range of activities during fiscal
 

1974. These activities generally fell within one of three
 

comprehensive categories:
 

-- providing cultural organizations with financial
 

support for specific programs or activities:
 

-- increasing the availability of quality arts programming throughout the state; and,
 

-- assisting organizations to improve artistic
 

excellence.
 

The arts agencies were pursuing the same basic objectives
 

and were often engaged in many similar activities, however,
 

their individual programs were quite unique in the ordering
 

of priorities. Several directors made a clear distinction
 

between those programs which received high priority and
 

those which were funded with the largest grants. Because
 

some projects are inherently more expensive than others -­

e.g. an orchestral program costs more than a poetry reading -­

the directors maintained that a major program had to be
 

measured in time expended and impact gained, not only in
 

dollars spent. (However, agency directors also think that
 

the amount spent on various projects is a more accurate
 

measure of program emphasis than is the number of individual
 

project grants made.)
 

When the directors were asked to name their major program
 

areas by either activity or art form, a larger number of
 

separate items were volunteered, most named by only a few
 

directors. Only one broad program objective -- support of
 

community arts activities and organizations and the development and support of community arts councils -- was named by
 

more than half the directors, a slight majority of 53 per cent.
 

47
 
The associated separate foundations reported relatively few


activities. These usually reflected their basic purpose -­

providing services and performing functions not permitted
 

to the state arts agencies themselves. Fund raising and
 

accepting gifts and donations were the most commonly reported
 

activities of these foundations during 1974. Grant-making,
 

providing support services and offering general support and
 

aid to individual artists were other activities undertaken
 

by more than one of the 12 foundations in 1974.
 

FACTORS INFLUENCING AGENCY PRIORITIES
 

In naming the activities carried out during 1974, most
 

directors indicated that they would like to have performed
 

additional functions. Although lack of sufficient funds
 

was the most common reason given for not pursuing added
 

projects, other factors were also named, including the size
 

of the state’s population and the lack of sufficient need
 

or interest on the part of qualified applicants.
 

The availability of staff was cited as a determining factor
 

in several areas, particularly in the initiation of agency-


administered programs and in participation in cooperative
 

efforts with community arts councils.
 

State agency programs and functions were also influenced
 

by statutory restrictions or prohibitions under which the
 

agencies operated as well as by mandated or earmarked
 

appropriations in their state budgets. Agencies in 12
 

states were prohibited from making grants to individuals,
 

while eight agencies were not permitted to receive operating
 

revenues such as earnings from the sale of publications,
 

posters or other goods and services. Eight agencies were
 

also restricted in the maximum size of project grants they
 

could make, with these limitations ranging from $5,000 to
 

$150,000, and five of the eight subjected to a limit of
 

$I0,000 or less.
 

In addition to these statutory restrictions prohibiting
 

certain kinds of activities or the manner in which programs
 

could be conducted, 29 agencies reported that some portion
 

of their 1974 appropriation was earmarked or otherwise
 

reserved for a designated purpose. These earmarked funds
 

were devoted to administration, particular program categories
 

or to grants to individual organizations. However, of the
 

total legislative appropriations of $30,756,494 made in
 

1974, only seven per cent, or $2,234,628 was restricted or
 

earmarked. Although 15 agencies reported that their entire
 

state appropriation was restricted, these were agencies with
 

small budgets devoted solely to administrative costs.
 

48
 
TABLE 27
 

MAJOR PROGRAM EMPHASES OF STATE ARTS AGENCIES*
 

Total: 55 agencies = i0~ 

Support of co~unity arts activities and 

organizations/development and support 

of community councils 53% 

Touring 33 

Artists-in-schools 29 

Funding of organizations, institutions 25 

Special groups (multi-ethnic, prisons, 

aging, etc.) 24 

Education 22 

Technical assistance 20 

Special projects 13 

Support of major institutions 9 

Visiting artists/artists’ residencies 9 

Performing arts 29 

Music 20 

Theatre 16 

Dance 15 

Non-specific performing arts 9 

Visual arts 24 

Literature ii 

Museums ii 

* Volunteered responses to an open-end question. Programs
 

cited by fewer than five directors were omitted from
 

this Table.
 

49
 
TABLE 28
 

DISTRIBUTION OF PROGRAM EXPENDITURES
 

IN FISCAL 1974, BY EARMARKED VS. DISCRETIONARY
 

Alabama
 

Alaska
 

American Samoa
 

Arizona
 

Arkansas
 

California
 

Colorado
 

Connecticut
 

Delaware
 

Dist. of Columbia
 

Florida
 

Georgia
 

Guam
 

Hawaii
 

TOTAL
 

259,859
 

i00
 

417,374
 

i00
 

120,000
 

i00
 

242,785
 

i00
 

441,282
 

I00
 

1,013,748
 

i00
 

229,012
 

i00
 

540,917
 

i00
 

213,903
 

i00
 

149,900
 

i00
 

415,798
 

i00
 

373,617
 

I00
 

77,256
 

i00
 

720,973
 

i00
 

50
 

EARMARKED DISCRETIONARY 

259,859 

i00 

213,074 204,300 

51 49 

30,000 90,000 

25 75 

87,630 155,155 

36 64 

154,358 286,924 

35 65 

37,748 976,000 

4 96 

49,012 180,000 

21 79 

60,000 480,917 

Ii 89 

51,903 162,000 

24 76 

149,900 

i00 

415,798 

i00 

58,617 315,000 

16 84 

11,703 65,553 

15 85 

193,038 527,935 

27 73 
TABLE 28 (continued)
 

Idaho
 

Illinois
 

Indiana
 

Iowa
 

Kansas
 

Kentucky
 

Louisiana
 

Maine
 

Maryland
 

Massachusetts
 

Michigan
 

Minnesota
 

Mississippi
 

Missouri
 

TOTAL
 

$/%
 

163,508
 

i00
 

733,335
 

i00
 

360,648
 

i00
 

248,444
 

i00
 

200,425
 

I00
 

341,509
 

I00
 

242,150
 

i00
 

311,523
 

i00
 

633,837
 

I00
 

634,724
 

i00
 

856,362
 

i00
 

591,483
 

I00
 

225,630
 

i00
 

745,847
 

i00
 

EARMARKED
 

$/%
 

23,508
 

14
 

73,744
 

30
 

102,804
 

30
 

214,852
 

34
 

125,000
 

15
 

40,567
 

7
 

18,767
 

3
 

DISCRETIONARY
 

$/%
 

140,000
 

86
 

733,335
 

i00
 

360,648
 

i00
 

174,700
 

70
 

200,425
 

I00
 

238,705
 

70
 

242,150
 

i00
 

311,523
 

i00
 

418,982
 

66
 

634,724
 

i00
 

731,362
 

85
 

550,916
 

93
 

225,630
 

i00
 

727,080
 

97
 

51
 
TABLE 28 (continued)
 

Montana
 

Nebraska
 

Nevada
 

New Hampshire
 

New Jersey
 

New Mexico
 

New York
 

North Carolina
 

North Dakota
 

Ohio
 

Oklahoma
 

Oregon
 

Pennsylvania
 

Puerto Rico
 

Rhode Island
 

TOTAL
 

$/%
 

195,723
 

i00
 

196,211
 

i00
 

152,837
 

i00
 

184,918
 

i00
 

871,675
 

I00
 

184,298
 

i00
 

15,146,010
 

i00
 

373,817
 

i00
 

173,000
 

i00
 

929,304
 

i00
 

141,385
 

i00
 

207,150
 

i00
 

857,576
 

i00
 

2,065,230
 

i00
 

372,425
 

I00
 

EARMARKED
 

$/m
 

53,711
 

27
 

18,161
 

12
 

48,733
 

26
 

530,000
 

61
 

2,000
 

i
 

73,817
 

20
 

84,228
 

9
 

72,150
 

35
 

71,537
 

8
 

152,000
 

7
 

i0,000
 

3
 

DISCRETIONARY
 

195,723
 

I00
 

142,500
 

73
 

134,676
 

88
 

136,185
 

74
 

341,675
 

39
 

182,298
 

99
 

15,146,010
 

i00
 

300,000
 

8O
 

173,000
 

I00
 

845,076
 

91
 

141,385
 

I00
 

135,000
 

65
 

786,039
 

92
 

1,913,230
 

93
 

362,425
 

52
 

97 
South Carolina
 

South Dakota
 

Tennessee
 

Texas
 

Utah
 

Vermont
 

Virgin Islands
 

Virginia
 

Washington
 

West Virginia
 

Wisconsin
 

Wyoming
 

TOTAL
 

TABLE 28 (continued)
 

TOTAL EARMARKED
 

491,912 147,769
 

i00 30
 

204,133
 

I00
 

393,446
 

i00
 

664,795 128,965
 

i00 19
 

208,916
 

I00
 

173,847
 

i00
 

268,167 14,500
 

I00 5
 

353,542 53,542
 

i00 15
 

339,992
 

i00
 

505,120 72,700
 

i00 14
 

171,108 21,108
 

i00 12
 

158,696 2,837
 

i00 2
 

37,491,082 3,104,083
 

i00 8
 

DISCRETIONARY
 

$/%
 

344,143
 

70
 

204,133
 

i00
 

393,446
 

i00
 

535,830
 

81
 

208,916
 

i00
 

173,847
 

i00
 

253,667
 

95
 

300,000
 

85
 

339,992
 

i00
 

432,420
 

86
 

150,000
 

88
 

155,859
 

98
 

34,386,999
 

53
 

92 
At the time of the survey, only two agencies, those in
 

New York and Minnesota, were mandated by state law to support
 

particular program areas. Both states were also required to
 

expend at least a portion of their funds on a regional
 

per capita basis.
 

Since not all agencies considered administrative funds to
 

be earmarked a state-by-state accounting of restricted
 

funds is limited to program expenditures. Eight per cent,
 

or $3,104,083, of all program funds are shown in this
 

tabulation as earmarked or restricted. The remaining 92
 

per cent, or $34,386,999, was expended at the discretion of
 

the agency.
 

NON-FUNDING ACTIVITIES
 

All state arts agencies reported some involvement in service
 

activities, such as: consultation, promotion of the arts
 

and technical assistance.
 

TABLE 29
 

MOST IMPORTANT ACTIVITIES UNDERTAKEN BY
 

AGENCIES IN ADDITION TO THE FUNDING OF PROJECTS
 

Total: 55 agencies = i0~% 

Consultation 44% 

Promoting public awareness of the arts 31 

Technical assistance 29 

Information/communications

Program development and administration 

27 

24 

Promoting financial support of the arts 

from other sources, educating public/ 

government to needs of the arts 22 

Community council development and 

assistance 16 

Conferences, seminars, workshops 15 

Coordination of arts activities 9 

54
 
These services were provided to a variety of recipients,
 

including community councils, performing arts organizations,
 

individuals, schools and museums.
 

Directors were also asked to estimate what portion of time
 

they and their staff expended in non-funding activities.
 

Although the spread among individual agencies was extremely
 

broad, the average portion of time expended on these activities
 

was reported to be 44 per cent, indicating that many agencies
 

place considerable emphasis on consultative and developmental
 

activities.
 

TABLE 30
 

PERCENTAGE OF WORK TIME OF DIRECTOR AND
 

STAFF DEVOTED TO NON-FUNDING ACTIVITIES
 

Total: 55 agencies = i0~
 

Less than 2~ ~ 

2~ - 29% 15 

30 - 39 23 

40 - 49 ii 

50 - 59 20 

60 - 69 15 

70 - 79 2 

Over 80 5 

Average 44 

GRANT-MAKING PROCEDURE
 

The methods used in making project grants were fairly
 

standard among state arts agencies. The majority begin
 

the official procedure with the receipt of a formal
 

application or proposal letter. The application was then
 

processed through one or more of a series of steps, including,
 

in order of procedure:
 

-- staff review of application, including budget
 

(53 agencies)
 

-- advisory panel review and evaluation (33 agencies)
 

-- evaluation by other outside consultants (15 agencies)
 

55
 
-- on-sight visit (22 agencies)
 

-- Council or commission subcommittee review and
 

clearance (34 agencies)
 

-- council or commission decision (49 agencies)
 

-- review by head of agency in which arts agency is
 

housed (i agency)
 

-- review by governor (2 agencies)
 

GRANT-MAKING CRITERIA
 

The availability of funds, the quality of the project, the
 

ability of the applicant to execute the project successfully,
 

and the general need for the project were the primary elements
 

involved in making grant decisions. The need for the project
 

was measured on the basis of the audience to be reached, the
 

location of the project within the state, the extent of
 

community support, and the number of people who would benefit.
 

Other factors were sometimes considered, including:
 

-- the ability of the applicant to raise matching
 

funds:
 

-- the non-profit status of the applicant;
 

-- the completion or clarity of the application:
 

-- the relationship of the project to the agency’s
 

priorities:
 

-- the professional or non-professional status of
 

the applicant:
 

-- the importance of the grant in generating
 

additional support for the project:
 

-- the political implications of the project.
 

In addition to these general criteria, a few directors
 

suggested other elements which were important in the funding
 

or denial of projects by their agencies.
 

These included:
 

-- the ability of the project to develop new,
 

innovative forms:
 

56
 
-- the ability of the project to generate more funds
 

in the future:
 

-- the services provided for school children:
 

-- the non-duplication of existing services:
 

-- the evidence of inter-agency cooperation.
 

PROJECT GUIDELINES
 

Most directors reported that their agencies had codified the
 

criteria which they used in assessing grant applications
 

during 1974. Forty-nine of the agencies had general grant
 

provisions or regulations governing broad funding of projects,
 

while 41 agencies had defined program guidelines covering
 

the funding of specific art forms or activities. These
 

guidelines were available in written form and were usually
 

distributed in response to requests. Although nearly nine
 

out of ten agencies had some form of official guidelines,
 

among those agencies with the largest budgets -- over
 

$750,000 -- only seven of ten had general program guidelines
 

and only six in ten had guidelines for specific project
 

areas.
 

Of the $34,553,000 given in project grants or contracts by
 

the 55 agencies during 1974:
 

-- 72 per cent was expended for projects initiated by
 

the applicant:
 

-- 9 per cent was expended for projects developed
 

through the joint efforts of the state arts agency
 

and the recipient:
 

-- 8 per cent was expended for projects offered to
 

the recipient by the state agency: and,
 

-- ii per cent was expended for projects initiated
 

and administered by the state agency.
 

The focus of project initiation varied considerably among
 

individual agencies. All project funds in three states -­

Alabama, Pennsylvania and the District of Columbia -- were
 

granted in response to applicant requests. In another four
 

states -- Illinois, California, Missouri and North Dakota -­

the agency was involved in the origination of requests for
 

57
 
no more than two per cent of their total project expenditures.
 

In contrast, all funds in Samoa and more than half in Vermont
 

(58 per cent), South Carolina (61 per cent), Puerto Rico
 

(67 per cent), Hawaii (69 per cent) and Texas (72 per cent)
 

were devoted to projects devised or initiated by the state
 

arts agency.
 

DENIAL OF APPLICATIONS
 

The average denial rate for formal grant applications by all
 

agencies was 38 per cent. Two directors reported no denials
 

by their agencies during 1974 while five reported turning


down between 70 and 80 per cent during that year. The
 

number of applications denied increased in proportion to
 

the size of the agencies’ budgets because agencies with
 

larger budgets tend to receive a greater number of funding
 

requests.
 

TABLE 31
 

AVERAGE PERCENTAGE OF APPLICATIONS DENIED
 

IN FISCAL 1974, BY TOTAL EXPENDITURES
 

Average 38% 

Below $250,000 31 

$250,000 - $499,999 40 

$500,000 - $749,999 5O 

Over $750,000 51 

Agencies with larger staffs indicated that they reduced the
 

number of project denials by assisting potential applicants
 

prior to the filing of formal proposals. This process helped
 

applicants formulate budget requests which could reasonably
 

be considered by the agency and discouraged projects which
 

would be ineligible under published agency guidelines.
 

DISCRETIONARY GRANTS
 

While the normal grant-making procedure was formally structured,
 

most agencies had some flexibility for emergencies or special
 

projects through a discretionary grant-making authority vested
 

58
 
in the chairman, the director or other staff members. However,
 

many agencies were limited to a maximum amount per discretionary
 

grant while others were restricted in the total amount which
 

could be so awarded.
 

TABLE 32
 

AUTHORITY FOR DISCRETIONARY
 

GRANT-MAKING IN 1974
 

Total: 55 agencies = 10~ 

Chairmen 

Directors 

17% 

41 

Directors and/or staff 

within approved 

program areas only 51 

AUDIENCE TARGETS
 

Since the vast majority of projects funded by the state arts
 

agencies were operated by other organizations and institutions,
 

the directors had limited data on the number of people served.
 

Based on what data were available, directors offered estimates
 

on the attendance at 3,600 of the 6,903 projects funded
 

during 1974. These projects, which received $16,295,000 in
 

grants, or 47 per cent of total project expenditures, drew
 

an estimated total attendance of slightly over 57,000,000
 

people.
 

Forty-one per cent of all expenditures in 1974 were for
 

projects such as research, conservation, staff salary support
 

and arts management training, all activities for which there
 

was no immediate audience. Fifty-one per cent of the project
 

expenditures benefitted general audiences while various
 

special audiences were served by a much smaller amount.However, since a single project often served more than one
 

audience group, the total in Table 33 is more than i00 per
 

cent.
 

59
 
TABLE 33
 

REPORTED TARGET AUDIENCES BY PERCENT
 

OF EXPENDITURES*
 

General audiences 51%
 

Children and youth in school groups 16
 

Children and youth outside of school groups 9
 

College and university students 9
 

Ethnic or racial minorities 9
 

Economically disadvantaged 7
 

Elderly 4
 

Physically or mentally handicapped~. 3
 

Other special audiences 1
 

No audience involved 41
 

* Many project expenditures served more than one audience
 

group.
 

Many projects also served more than one geographical area.
 

Almost all funds were expended for projects which served
 

urban areas. (Most artistic and cultural organizations,
 

particularly major institutions receiving the largest grants,


are located in cities.) Less than half went to projects
 

reaching into the suburbs and less than a third were spent
 

on projects presented in rural areas.
 

TABLE 34
 

LOCATION OF PROJECTS IN FISCAL 1974"
 

Total expenditures: $34,553,000 = i0~
 

Urban
 87%
 

Suburban 45
 

Rural 30
 

Other 1
 

Not applicable
 3
 

* Many projects served more thanone area.
 

6O
 
RECEIPTS AND EXPENDITURES
 

SOURCES OF AGENCY FUNDS
 

The 55 state arts agencies and their associated separate
 

foundations received funds totaling $45,536,517 from all
 

sources during fiscal 1974, a national per capita average
 

of 21.2 cents. Excluding the New York State Council on the
 

Arts, which was funded with an exceptionally large state


appropriation, the state arts agencies received a total of
 

$28,641,274, a per capita average of 14.6 cents.
 

The 12 associated foundations operating in 1974 received
 

$1,381,445 from sources other than the state arts agencies
 

with which they were affiliated, for a total income of
 

$2,041,251 included in the total agency receipts listed
 

below. (Table 36)
 

Eight agencies, including New York, received funds of more
 

than $i million. Excluding New York, the average funding
 

per agency was about $500,000. Several agencies with very
 

limited budgets had relatively high per capita averages
 

because of their very small state populations.
 

The state arts agencies themselves, excluding their associated foundations, received $44,155,072 from state appropriations, the National Endowment for the Arts and other federal
 

government, local government and private sources.
 

Of this sum, the largest share -- 71 per cent or $31,273,166
 

-- was derived from state government sources. Excluding
 

New York State, 54 per cent or $14,828,166 of a total of
 

$27,554,072 was provided by state legislatures or other
 

state agencies.
 

Twenty-seven per cent of all agency funds, or $12,008,050,
 

came from federal government sources, with almost all of
 

this amount from the National Endowment for the Arts. Nearly
 

two-thirds of the Endowment funds, or $8,065,509, were given
 

in basic state grants of $150,000 per state agency in 1974.
 

Only two of the 55 agencies, serving very small populations,
 

received basic grants of lesser amounts -- Samoa, $60,000 and
 

Guam, $55,500. Additional Arts Endowment funds of $3,551,511,
 

were paid in grants made in response to special project applications submitted by individual state agencies.
 

61
 
New York
 

Puerto Rico
 

California
 

Connecticut
 

Ohio
 

Pennsylvania
 

Illinois
 

Michigan
 

New Jersey
 

Massachusetts
 

Missouri
 

Hawaii
 

South Carolina
 

Texas
 

Maryland
 

Minnesota
 

Indiana
 

Tennessee
 

West Virginia
 

Florida
 

Alaska
 

Arkansas
 

Washingion
 

North Carolina
 

Georgia
 

Kentucky
 

Rhode Island
 

Colorado
 

Virginia
 

TABLE 35
 

TOTAL FUNDS OF STATE ARTS AGENCIES
 

AND ASSOCIATED SEPARATE FOUNDATIONS IN FISCAL 1974
 

TOTAL
 

$
 

16,895,243"
 

3,012,167
 

1,267,747
 

1,156,192"
 

1,084,075
 

1,063,927
 

1,033,868"
 

1,027,048"
 

901,482
 

877,600*
 

839,837
 

777,727
 

761,921"
 

747,140
 

722,352
 

704,585
 

550,747*
 

544,752
 

542,280
 

512,183"
 

500,774
 

481,085
 

470,164
 

445,048
 

443,617
 

428,338
 

418,412
 

413,968"
 

412,317
 

PER CAPITA
 

$
 

.933
 

.992
 

.061
 

.374
 

.i01
 

.090
 

.093
 

.113
 

.123
 

.151
 

.176
 

.918
 

.274
 

.062
 

.176
 

.180
 

.103
 

.132
 

.303
 

.063
 

1.486
 

.233
 

.135
 

.083
 

.091
 

.128
 

.447
 

.166
 

.084
 

Maine
 

Alabama
 

Virgin Islands
 

Oklahoma
 

Arizona
 

Mississippi
 

Iowa
 

Oregon
 

Louisiana
 

Utah
 

South Dakota
 

Kansas
 

Delaware
 

Vermont
 

New Hampshire
 

New Mexico
 

Nebraska
 

Montana
 

Wisconsin
 

Wyoming
 

Dist. of Columbia
 

Nevada
 

Idaho
 

North Dakota
 

American Samoa
 

Guam
 

TOTAL
 

Total without New York
 

Average per state:
 

Average without New York:
 

TOTAL
 

$
 

385,569
 

356,085
 

343,167
 

315,925
 

305,485
 

301,298
 

291,787
 

290,275*
 

286,150
 

271,726
 

265,032
 

261,059
 

246,885
 

245,031
 

244,412
 

244,295
 

243,941"
 

227,092
 

220,472
 

202,580*
 

202,000
 

188,970
 

183,508
 

179,100
 

120,000
 

78,07.7
 

45,536,517
 

28,641,274
 

827,937
 

530,393
 

PER CAPITA
 

$
 

.368
 

.i00
 

3.813
 

.117
 

.142
 

.130
 

.102
 

.128
 

.076
 

.232
 

.389
 

.115
 

.431
 

.521
 

.302
 

.218
 

.158
 

.309
 

.048
 

.564
 

.279
 

.330
 

.230
 

.282
 

4.138
 

.743
 

.212
 

.146
 
Thefederal share of total receipts in 1974 rises from 27
 

to 43 per cent when New York is excluded since that agency
 

received little support from the National Endowment other
 

than the basic state grant. Only Samoa and Guam received
 

less total federal support than New York.
 

Private sources accounted for two per cent of agency receipts
 

while local and municipal government appropriations amounted
 

to less than half of one per cent.
 

In contrast, associated foundations received 40 per cent of
 

their income from private sources -- corporations, individuals, foundations and earnings -- which state agencies, as
 

a rule, do not tap. Excluding Connecticut’s foundation with
 

its unusual funding arrangement, 20 per cent of all foundation funds were derived from private sources.
 

Other foundation monies came from their state agencies -­

$659,806 or 32 per cent -- and the National Endowment for
 

the Arts -- $526,450 or 26 per cent -- usually granted to


support specific projects which the agency itself was unable
 

to undertake.
 

TABLE 36
 

TOTAL FUNDS RECEIVED BY SEPARATE ASSOCIATED
 

FOUNDATIONS IN FISCAL 1974
 

Total 

Colorado $ 93,993 

Connecticut 530,275 

Florida 7,238 

Illinois 156,357 

Indiana 49,825 

Massachusetts 217,100 

Michigan 

Nebraska 

85,969 

23,667 

New York 808,549 

Oregon 

South Carolina 

19,562 

48,166 

Wyoming 550 

Total Funds Received
 

by Associated
 

Foundat ions $2,041,251
 

Total Without
 

Connecticut i, 510,976
 

63
 
 

TABLE 37
 

SOURCES OF FUNDS OF STATE ARTS AGENCIES IN FISCAL 1974
 

Alabama
 

Alaska
 

American Samoa
 

Arizona
 

Arkansas
 

California
 

Colorado
 

Connecticut
 

Delaware
 

Dist. of Columbia
 

Florida
 

Georgia
 

Guam
 

Hawaii
 

TOTAL
 

356,085
 

i00
 

500,774
 

i00
 

120,000
 

i00
 

305,485
 

i00
 

481,085
 

i00
 

1,267,747
 

i00
 

319,975
 

i00
 

625,917
 

I00
 

246,885
 

i00
 

202,000
 

i00
 

504,945
 

i00
 

443,617
 

i00
 

78,077
 

i00
 

777,727
 

i00
 

TOTAL
 

STATE
 

125,000
 

35
 

149,600
 

30
 

60,000
 

50
 

68,700
 

22
 

166,727
 

35
 

1,034,763
 

82
 

120,963
 

38
 

351,500
 

56
 

42,600
 

17
 

52,000
 

26
 

289,895
 

57
 

220,000
 

50
 

10,218
 

13
 

560,817
 

72
 

MUNICIPAL/
 

COUNTY
 

$1%
 

2,851
 

i
 

3,445
 

i
 

21,100
 

4
 

11,579
 

4
 

TOTAL 

PRIVATE FEDERAL 

$1% $1% 

818 230,267 

65 

70,153 278,170 

14 55 

60,000 

50 

12,155 221,185 

4 73 

39,500 253,758 

8 53 

232,984 

18 

187,433 

58 

1,500 272,917 

44 

2,402 201,883 

i 82 

150,000 

74 

215,050 

43 

5,000 218,617 

i 49 

1,485 66,376 

2 85 

4,389 212,521 

I 27 

Less than 0.5%
 
TABLE 37 (continued)
 

Idaho
 

lllinois
 

Indiana
 

Iowa
 

Kansas
 

Kentucky
 

Louisiana
 

Maine
 

Maryland
 

Massachusetts
 

Michigan
 

Minnesota
 

Mississippi
 

Missouri
 

TOTAL
 

183,508
 

i00
 

877,511
 

i00
 

500,922
 

i00
 

291,787
 

i00
 

261,059
 

i00
 

428,338
 

i00
 

286,150
 

i00
 

385,569
 

i00
 

722,352
 

i00
 

785,000
 

i00
 

941,079
 

i00
 

704,585
 

i00
 

301,298
 

i00
 

839,837
 

i00
 

TOTAL
 

STATE
 

i0,000
 

5
 

600,000
 

68
 

170,005
 

34
 

52,244
 

18
 

45,634
 

17
 

201,638
 

47
 

44,000
 

15
 

184,046
 

48
 

468,411
 

65
 

600,000
 

76
 

488,501
 

52
 

325,000
 

46
 

107,668
 

36
 

654,920
 

78
 

MUNICIPAL/
 

COUNTY PRIVATE
 

$/%
 

2,175
 

i
 

137,356
 

27
 

2,002
 

i
 

806
 

6,150
 

i
 

147,275
 

16
 

34,161
 

5
 

1,850
 

i
 

TOTAL
 

FEDERAL
 

$/%
 

171,333
 

94
 

277,511
 

32
 

193,561
 

39
 

237,541
 

81
 

215,425
 

83
 

226,700
 

53
 

242,150
 

85
 

200,717
 

52
 

247,791
 

34
 

185,000
 

24
 

305,303
 

32
 

345,424
 

49
 

191,780
 

63
 

184,917
 

22
 

65
 
 

 

 

 

TABLE 37 (continued) 

TOTAL 

TOTAL 

STATE 

$I~ 

MUNICIPAL/ 

COUNTY 

$I~ 

PRIVATE 

$/~ 

TOTAL 

FEDERAL 

$/z 

Montana 227,092 

i00 

27,550 

12 

12,142 

5 

187,400 

83 

Nebraska 240,274 

i00 

35,122 

15 

- 11,441 

5 

193,711 

8O 

Nevada 188,970 

I00 

15,122 

8 

- 1,191 

i 

172,657 

91 

New Hampshire 244,412 

i00 

45,679 

19 

- 198,733 

81 

New Jersey 901,482 

i00 

698,932 

78 

202,550 

22 

New Mexico 244,295 

i00 

45,300 

19 

9,150 

4 

4,345 

2 

185,500 

75 

New York 16,601,000 

i00 

16,445,000 

99 

156,000 

I 

North Carolina 445,048 

i00 

221,231 

5O 

2,500 

i 

221,317 

49 

North Dakota 179,100 

i00 

5,100 

3 

- 174,000 

97 

Ohio 1,084,075 

i00 

849,847 

78 

234,228 

22 

Oklahoma 315,925 

i00 

95,100 

30 

12,625 

4 

208,200 

66 

Oregon 271,713 

i00 

54,563 

20 

- 217,150 

80 

Pennsylvania 1,063,927 

i00 

765,500 

72 

4,920 

* 

293,507 

28 

Puerto Rico 3,012,167 

i00 

2,753,267 

91 

47,400 

2 

211,500 

7 

Rhode Island 418,412 

i00 

136,231 

32 

10,989 

3 

23,609 

6 

247,583 

59 

66
 
 

 

 

 

 

South Carolina
 

South Dakota
 

Tennessee
 

Texas
 

Utah
 

Vermont
 

Virgin Islands
 

Virginia
 

Washington
 

West Virginia
 

Wisconsin
 

Wyoming
 

Total Funds
 

Received by
 

State Arts
 

Agencies
 

Total Without
 

New York
 

TABLE
 

TOTAL
 

713,755
 

i00
 

265,032
 

i00
 

544,752
 

i00
 

747,140
 

i00
 

271,726
 

I00
 

245,031
 

i00
 

343,167
 

i00
 

412,317
 

i00
 

470,164
 

i00
 

542,280
 

i00
 

220,472
 

i00
 

202,030
 

I00
 

44,155,072
 

i00
 

37 (continued)
 

TOTAL MUNICIPAL/
 

STATE COUNTY
 

360,896 33,090
 

51 5
 

67,773 ­

25
 

353,636
 

65
 

157,345
 

21
 

104,026
 

38
 

52,626 ­

21
 

160,000
 

47
 

201,705
 

49
 

98,415 ­

21
 

263,580
 

49
 

42,227 ­

19
 

12,543 ­

6
 

31,273,166 123,741
 

71 *
 

27,554,072 14,828,166
 123,741


i00 54 *
 

PRIVATE
 

21,750
 

3
 

476
 

3,416
 

i
 

138,723
 

19
 

5OO
 

2,030
 

i
 

15,500
 

5
 

7,070
 

2
 

2,837
 

i
 

750,115
 

2
 

750,i15
 

3
 

TOTAL
 

FEDERAL
 

298,019
 

41
 

196,783
 

75
 

187,700
 

34
 

451,072
 

60
 

167,200
 

62
 

190,375
 

78
 

167,667
 

48
 

203,542
 

49
 

371,749
 

79
 

278,700
 

51
 

178,245
 

81
 

186,650
 

93
 

12,008,050
 

27
 

11,852,050
 

43
 
TABLE 38
 

FUNDS RECEIVED BY ASSOCIATED SEPARATEFOUNDATION
 

IN FISCAL 1974 BY SOURCE
 

State Arts Agency
 

Other State
 

National Endowment
 

for the Arts
 

Private
 

Total
 

Corporations
 

Individuals
 

Foundat ions
 

Earnings
 

Other
 

Other
 

Total Funds
 

Received by
 

Associated
 

Foundation
 

$ 659,806
 

32%
 

16,424
 

1
 

526,450
 

26
 

824,814
 

40
 

49,725
 

2
 

55,074
 

3
 

136,962
 

7
 

500,772
 

24
 

82,281
 

4
 

13,757
 

1
 

Total Without
 

Connecticut
 

$ 659,806
 

44%
 

16,424
 

1
 

515,950
 

34
 

306,774
 

20
 

47,125
 

3
 

55,074
 

4
 

103,762
 

7
 

18,532
 

1
 

82,281
 

5
 

12,022
 

1
 

68
 
SOURCES OF OTHER PUBLIC FUNDS
 

Funds from federal agencies other than the National Endowment for the Arts made up only one percent of state arts
 

agency receipts in 1974.
 

Although the most common source of these funds was a manpower
 

training program of the Office of Education in the Department


of Health, Education and Welfare, the largest dollar amounts
 

were obtained in individual grants from the American Bicentennial Commission and the Office of Education. Other sources
 

included:
 

-- the Bureau of Indian Affairs;
 

-- the Department of Labor;
 

-- the National Park Service
 

-- the Smithsonian Institution; and
 

-- the United States Forest Service.
 

Only ten agencies received state monies other than the basic
 

legislative appropriation in 1974. A cumulative total of
 

$516,672, or one per cent of all state arts agency receipts,


was derived from a variety of state agencies, such as state
 

departments of education or departments of conservation.
 

SOURCES OF PRIVATE FUNDS
 

While some agencies could not, or did not, seek private
 

contributions, 31 had some private revenue in 1974. Although
 

these private monies represented only two per cent of all
 

state arts agency income, they comprised a substantial source
 

of funds in three states: Michigan (15 per cent); Texas
 

(19 per cent); and Indiana (27 per cent). Private foundations (not those foundations associated with the agency)
 

were the major source of this income although one agency,
 

Alaska, received $70,153, or 14 per cent of its budget,
 

from individual donations while Michigan gained $122,275, or
 

13 per cent of its income from earnings, largely through the
 

rental of its Artrain project. Another, smaller source of
 

private monies was the corporate sector.
 

69
 
TABLE 39
 

SOURCES OF OTHER FEDERAL FUNDS IN FISCAL 1974
 

Total federal funds received from
 

sources other than the National
 

Endowment for the Arts
 

Office of Education, Department of
 

Health, Education and Welfare
 

Manpower training
 

Other
 

American Revolutionary Bicentennial
 

Commission
 

Department of Labor
 

Manpower program
 

Emergency Employment Act
 

Bureau of Indian Affairs
 

National Parks Service
 

Smithsonian Institution
 

U.S. Forest Service
 

$391~03.0.
 

87,341
 

158,500
 

101,776
 

13,000
 

13,911
 

7,002
 

6,000
 

3,000
 

5OO
 

7O
 
 

TABLE 40
 

SOURCES OF OTHER STATE FUNDS IN FISCAL 1974
 

Total Funds Received from Other
 

State Sources $516~672
 

Governor’s Grant Contingency Fund $ 57,708
 

Dept. of Education 25,617
 

Economic Department/Economics and
 

community Development 25,550
 

Dept. of Personnel 11,117
 

Dept. of Conservation
 19,469


State Bicentennial Commission
 28,500


Executive Council
 i0,000


Art in State Buildings Legislation
 327,787


State University 8,223
 

General Fund
 2,701


TABLE 41
 

SOURCES OF PRIVATE FUNDS IN FISCAL 1974
 

Total Private Funds $750,115
 

Foundations $386,673
 

Individuals 92,312
 

Corporations 13,160
 

Earnings 191,622
 

Other 66,348
 

71
 
MATCHING FUNDS
 

Nearly half of the state arts agencies required matching
 

funds -- money raised by grant recipients to match a percentage of project funding -- for all project grants. Most
 

other agencies required matching funds for some project
 

grants, and only two reported no matching requirements at
 

all. Contributions from private sources, operating revenues
 

and admission fees, services or goods in-kind and grants from
 

other government offices and agencies were allowed as matching
 

funds by most state arts agencies. (Matching funds were not


paid to the arts agencies and were not included in the
 

accounting of agency income.)
 

Of the 53 agencies requiring matching, thirty-five agencies
 

required grant matches of i00 per cent while the remaining
 

18 agencies varied the percentage, depending on the size of


the grant.
 

Although the agencies required grant matches totaling
 

$15,841,000, or 46 per cent of total project expenditures,
 

they actually received matching funds amounting to
 

$42,395,000, or 123 per cent of project expenditures. (Data
 

on matching funds was not gathered from Samoa or Louisianna.)
 

Thirty-five per cent of these matching funds were reported
 

to have come from earned income such as ticket receipts,
 

seven per cent from the National Endowment for the Arts, one
 

per cent from other federal sources, and 48 per cent from
 

cash donations. Only nine per cent were reported to represent in-kind donations.
 

TABLE 42
 

MATCHING FUND REQUIREMENTS IN FISCAL 1974
 

Total: 55 Agencies = 100%
 

Matching funds required for all project grants
 4~
 

Matching funds required for some project grants
 47
 

Matching funds required for no project grants
 4
 

72
 
 

TABLE 43
 

MATCHING FUNDS FOR PROJECT GRANTS IN FISCAL 1974
 

Total project grants $34,553,000 

Required matching funds 15,841,000 

Actual matching funds 42,395,000 

TABLE 44
 

SOURCES OF MATCHING FUNDS IN FISCAL 1974
 

Earned income 35%
 

National Endowment for the Arts 7
 

Other federal funds 1
 

Other cash (donations) 48
 

In-kind 9
 

PROJECT EXPENDITURES
 

Eighty-six per cent of all state arts agency expenditures
 

for 1974, or $37,491,082, was devoted to programs. A small
 

portion of these funds was consumed by administrative and
 

developmental costs but the major share, $34,553,000, was
 

distributed by the agencies in 6,903 project grants or
 

contracts at an average of about $5,000 per project. These
 

expenditures represent only the dollars granted by the arts
 

agencies and do not include matching funds or monies obtained
 

from other sources. Excluding the large program budget of
 

the New York State Council on the Arts -- $15,113,000 in
 

1974 -- the remaining 54 agencies granted $19,440,000 on
 

5,907 projects, for an average of $3,000 per project.
 

73
 
 

TABLE 45
 

PROJECT EXPENDITURES AND NUMBER OF PROJECTS IN FISCAL 1974
 

Alabama
 

Alaska
 

American Samoa
 

Arizona
 

Arkansas
 

California
 

Colorado
 

Connecticut
 

Delaware
 

Dist. of Columbia
 

Florida
 

Georgia
 

Guam
 

Hawaii
 

Idaho
 

Illinois
 

Indiana
 

Iowa
 

Kansas
 

Kentucky
 

Louisiana
 

Maine
 

Maryland
 

Massachusetts
 

Michigan
 

Minnesota
 

Mississippi
 

Missouri
 

Montana
 

Nebraska
 

DOLLARS
 

$
 

267,000
 

398,000
 

120,000
 

229,000
 

415,000
 

938,000
 

217,000
 

938,000
 

186,000
 

139,000
 

421,000
 

368,000
 

63,000
 

672,000
 

164,000
 

730,000
 

385,000
 

254,000
 

209,000
 

342,000
 

124,000
 

312,000
 

510,000
 

558,000
 

715,000
 

439,000
 

209,000
 

742,000
 

142,000
 

178,000
 

NUMBER
 

#
 

154
 

127
 

17
 

62
 

79
 

151
 

87
 

259
 

66
 

21
 

73
 

62
 

31
 

98
 

58
 

373
 

94
 

iii
 

67
 

88
 

58
 

142
 

150
 

150
 

414
 

162
 

119
 

66
 

104
 

128
 

DOLLARS 

$ 

Nevada 134,000 

New Hampshire 201,000 

New Jersey 582,000 

New Mexico 175,000 

New York 15,113,000 

North Carolina 364,000 

North Dakota 169,000 

Ohio 929,000 

Oklahoma 140,000 

Oregon 207,000 

Pennsylvania 738,000 

Puerto Rico 286,000 

Rhode Island 316,000 

South Carolina 528,000 

South Dakota 165,000 

Tennessee 398,000 

Texas 617,000 

Utah 205,000 

Vermont 174,000 

Virgin Islands 243,000 

Virginia 295,000 

Washington 359,000 

West Virginia 506,000 

Wisconsin 176,000 

Wyoming 149,000 

TOTAL 34,553,000
 

Average expenditure per project: $5,006
 

Total without New York: 19,440,000
 

Average expenditure per project: $3,291
 

NUMBER
 

#
 

53
 

66
 

iii
 

74
 

996
 

i00
 

66
 

173
 

148
 

106
 

166
 

22
 

91
 

185
 

96
 

182
 

91
 

49
 

67
 

78
 

86
 

96
 

108
 

73
 

49
 

6,903
 

5,907
 
According to the survey questionnaire, a project is
 

"...a specific dance company’s tour of the state, the
 

assignment of an advisor to provide technical assistance
 

to aparticular arts organization, the support of concerts
 

by a particular symphony orchestra, the assignment of an
 

artist to a school." However, individual agencies use their
 

own varying definitions. Some agencies count individual
 

performances or programs as separate projects while others
 

count an entire tour or a season’s programming as one project.
 

Therefore, for comparison, it is more accurate to discuss
 

agency projects in terms of the total funds expended rather
 

than in project numbers.
 

SOURCES OF PROJECT FUNDS
 

Of the $34,553,000 spent on projects in 1974, two-thirds
 

-- $22,709,000 -- were provided by state legislative appropriations, while another one per cent -- $471,000 -- was
 

derived from other state sources. Excluding New York, the
 

portion of project funds derived from state governments drops
 

to 40 per cent.
 

Most of the remaining project funds, 29 per cent, were
 

obtained from the National Endowment for the Arts, through
 

the basic state agency grants of $7,638,000 or 22 per cent,


Treasury Funds grants of $50,000 (less than .5 per cent) and
 

other Endowment grants of $2,400,000, or seven per cent.
 

Other federal funds accounted for $296,000, or one per cent,
 

while local governments supplied less than half of one per
 

cent, a total of $21,000.
 

Private sources provided the remaining $968,000, or two per
 

cent, with about half of this -- $494,000 -- given through


associated separate foundations, and the balance contributed
 

by other private sources.
 

While the state share of project expenditures ranged as high
 

as 99 per cent in New York, 84 per cent in california, 81 per
 

cent in Pennsylvania and 80 per cent in illinois, twelve
 

agencies reported that they received no project funds from
 

state sources. (Although fifteen agencies reported that
 

their state legislative appropriations were devoted entirely
 

to administrative costs, three agencies did receive project
 

funds from other state sources.)
 

75
 
TABLE 46
 

SOURCES OF FUNDS FOR PROJECT
 

IN FISCAL 1974
 

Total project expenditures
 

STATE
 

Legislative appropriation
 

Other
 

FEDERAL
 

National Endowment for the Arts
 

Basic state agency grant
 

Treasury Fund grants
 

Other
 

Other federal
 

LOCAL GOVERNMENT
 

PRIVATE
 

Separate Associated foundation
 

Other private
 

*Less than 0.5%
 

EXPENDITURES
 

$34,553,000 100%
 

22,709,000 66
 

471,000 1
 

7,638,000 22
 

50,000 *
 

2,400,000 7
 

296,000 1
 

21,000
 

494,000 1
 

474,000 1
 

76
 
DIRECT RECIPIENTS
 

The selection of project fund recipients in each state was
 

influenced by many of the factors noted in previous discussions of the organization and operation of the state arts
 

agencies, including legal restrictions or mandates, the
 

earmarking of funds, and council or commission policies and
 

guidelines. Other major factors not measured in this survey
 

included the kinds of cultural resources present within the
 

state and the direct financial support provided to the arts
 

through channels other than the state arts agency, such as
 

separate legislative appropriations for libraries, historic
 

sites, state museums, state symphonies and other state
 

agencies.
 

The largest share of project funds -- $9,197,000, or 27 per
 

cent -- was to professional and non-professional performing
 

arts organizations. The state arts agencies spent $4,137,000,
 

or 12 per cent of their total project expenditures for programs which were administered by the agencies themselves,
 

and museums received $3,343,000, or ten per cent. The remaining 51 per cent was distributed in smaller amounts to a large
 

variety of recipients. Since 44 per cent of these project
 

funds were granted by the New York State Council on the Arts,
 

the selection of its recipients heavily influences national
 

averages. When New York’s funds are excluded there are only
 

two major shifts in the distribution pattern: the portion
 

granted to museums drops to four per cent and the portion of
 

agency-administered programs climbs to 21 per cent. All
 

other averages remain almost unchanged. However, the distribution of project funds did vary from the norm in some other
 

states because of their individual circumstances. Professional performing arts organizations, which received 23 per
 

cent of all project funds -- even excluding New York -- were
 

granted no money at all in Alabama, Alaska, North Dakota,
 

Samoa and Puerto Rico, areas with limited professional
 

resources. (But non-professional performing arts organizations received very substantial portions in Missouri (84 per
 

cent), Maryland (63 per cent), Utah (59 per cent), the
 

District of Columbia (55 per cent) and Pennsylvania (51 per
 

cent), states with major professional organizations supported
 

by the state arts agency.
 

In addition to New York, which granted 17 per cent of its
 

funds to museums, larger than average shares of project
 

expenditures were also given to museums, including historical
 

societies, in Massachusetts (16 per cent) and Tennessee (19
 

per cent).
 

77
 
The widest variation among states occured in the portion


spent on projects administered by the agency itself. Eleven
 

state agencies -- Alabama, california, the Districtof
 

Columbia, Illinois, Kansas, Massachusetts, Nebraska, New
 

Hampshire, New York, Pennsylvania and the Virgin Islands -­

administered no project funds themselves. Another nine spent
 

more than half of their project funds on programs administrered by the agency itself -- Arizona (51 per cent), Iowa
 

(51 per cent), Hawaii (51 per cent), Vermont (59 per cent),
 

Louisiana (62 per cent), South Carolina (66 per cent), Alaska
 

(67 per cent), Puerto Rico (68 per cent) and Texas (73 per
 

cent).
 

INDIRECT RECIPIENTS
 

In the data on direct recipients of project expenditures, the
 

artist or organization applied for and received the grant.
 

However, in many instances, these same grant monies are
 

ultimately distributed to secondary recipients. For example,
 

a grant made to an organiztion to sponsor a concert series
 

might be paid in turn to a performing arts group hired to ~
 

perform, or the agency might award a grant to a college which
 

is in turn channeled to a~ individual artist-in-residence.
 

Because data was obtained from the arts agencies, and not
 

the primary grant recipients, it was impossible to determine
 

all dollar amounts channeled to different secondary recipients. The survey did, however, obtain some information on
 

the amounts of direct grants of which at least some part was
 

known to have been distributed to secondary recipients.
 

Professional performing arts organizations and individual
 

professional artists clearly benefitted most significantly
 

from this subgranting, being among the secondary recipients
 

of $4,592,000 and $4,620,000 in direct grant monies respectively.
 

78
 
 

 

 

 

 

 

TABLE 47 

DIRECT RECIPIENT OF PROJECT EXPENDITURES IN FISCAL 1974 

TOTAL TOTAL WITHOUT 

AGENCIES NEW YORK 

(000’s) % (000’s) 

Total project expenditures $34,553 i00 $19~439 i00 

Arts and cultural organizations 

Professional performing arts organizations 7,949 23 4,380 23 

Non-professional performing arts organizations 1,248 4 1,233 6 

Art museums 1,651 5 663 3 

General museums 950 3 85 

Science museums 411 1 i 

History museums 331 1 191 

Cultural centers 2,151 6 729 4 

Community or municipal arts councils 1,755 5 1,247 6 

Foundations not associated with 

state arts agencies 

Visual arts organizations other than museums 

1,097 

1,063 

3 

3 

196 

504 

1 

3 

Foundations associated with state arts 

agencies 699 2 207 1 

Regional organizations 

Arts fairs and festivals 

644 

497 

2 

1 

239 

413~ 

1 

2 

Other state arts agencies 

Other arts~and cultural organizations 

8 

5,925 17 

8 

1,729 

,, 

9 

Other organizations 

Colleges and universities 

Schools and school systems 

1,447 

1,026 

4 

3 

1,345 

842 

7 

4 

Civic groups 

Public radio or public television stations 

311 

265 

1 

1 

225 

143 

1 

1 

Individuals 

Professional artists 

Non-professional artists 

Non-artists 

234 

37 

14 

234 

37 

14 

Others 

Own state arts agency 

Other state agencies within state 

Combination of recipients 

Other 

4,137 

142 

217 

343 

12 4,137 

142 

217 

238 

21 

i 

i 

I 

* Less than 0.5% ?9
 
 

 

TABLE 48
 

INDIRECT RECIPIENTS OF PROJECT EXPENDITURES IN FISCAL 1974
 

TOTAL TOTAL WITHOUT
 

AGENCIES NEW YORK
 

%
 (000’s) (000’s)
 

Total Project Expenditures $34,553 I00 $19,440 i00
 

Secondary Recipients:
 

Arts and cultural organizations
 

Professional performing arts organizations 4,592 13 2,068 ii
 

Non-professional performing arts
 

organizations 1,102 3 1,102 6
 

Art museums 325 i 256 I
 

General museums 119 * 80 *
 

Science museums 201 i 40 *
 

History museums 193 1 183 I
 

Cultural centers 253 i 253 I
 

Community or municipal arts councils 875 3 874 4
 

Foundations not associated with state
 

arts agencies 44 * 29 *
 

Visual arts organizations other than
 

museums 332 i 241 i
 

Foundations associated with state arts
 

agencies 52 * 52 *
 

Regional organizations 59 * 59
 

Arts fairs and festivals 817 2 731 4
 

Other state arts agencies 99 * 99 i
 

Other arts and cultural organizations 1,292 4 677 3
 

Other organizations
 

Colleges and universities 1,485 4 1,485 8
 

Schools and school systems 1,941 6 1,918 i0
 

Civic groups 373 i 364 2
 

Public radio or public television
 

stations 54 * 44
 

* Less than 0.5%
 

i Because a project expenditure may have no indirect recipients or may have
 

more than one, figures do not add to the $34,553,000 total.
 

80
 
 

TABLE 48 (continued)
 

Individuals
 

Professional artists
 

Non-professional artists
 

Professional non-artists
 

Non-professional non-artists
 

Other
 

Own state arts agency
 

Other state agencies within state
 

Combination of recipients
 

Other
 

TOTAL TOTAL WITHOUT
 

AGENCIES NEW YORK
 

(000’s) (000’s) %
 

$4,620 13 $3,352 17
 

573 2 - ­

647 2 - ­

205 I - ­

79 * 79 *
 

115 * 115 i
 

992 3 729 4
 

137 * 89 *
 
PRIMARY RECIPIENTS BY ART FORM
 

When project expenditures are tabulated by art form rather
 

than the type of recipient organization, the performing arts
 

predominate, accounting for half of all grant or contract
 

funds: $7,771,000 (23 per cent) in music; $4,195,000 (12
 

per cent) in theatre; $3,547,000 (i0 per cent) in dance;
 

and $1,741,000 (five per cent) in a combination of performing
 

arts. The remaining 50 per cent of project expenditures was
 

dispersed in the visual arts, media, folk arts, literature,
 

architecture and the environment and the humanities. Program
 

emphasis or audience impact are not necessarily reflected in
 

these total dollar expenditures. Orchestral concerts, which
 

received 13 per cent of all funds, are more expensive than
 

poetry programs, which received one per cent. Neither figure
 

is an indicator of the audience served.
 

Since the greatest portion of all grants were initiated by
 

applications from the grantees, the emphasis which individual agencies placed upon the various art forms was largely
 

determined by the eligible resources present within the
 

state. When the grants are viewed according to the size of
 

the agencies’ budgets, the only notable variation is an
 

increase in the portion spent on music by agencies with the
 

largest budgets.
 

Although the national averages are only slightly affected
 

when New York’s expenditures are exluded, there are wide
 

variations among individual state expenditure patterns.
 

While 23 per cent of all funds were spent on music nationally, it accounted for less than i0 per cent of expenditures
 

in the following states: Texas (eight per cent), Tennessee
 

(seven per cent) and Puerto Rico (four per cent). In contrast, half or more of all grant dollars went to music
 

programs in Missouri (77 per cent), Pennsylvania (57 per
 

cent) Guam (52 per cent), Maryland (51 per cent) and New
 

Jersey (50 per cent). With the exception of Guam, which
 

made very few grants, these are states with one or more
 

large professional resident orchestras receiving major
 

support form the state arts agency.
 

Professional and non-professional theatre projects received
 

larger than average amounts in Kansas (30 per cent), North
 

Dakota (33 per cent) and South Dakota (29 per cent), while
 

literature received exceptional support in Wyoming (22 per
 

cent) and South Carolina (19 per cent).
 

82
 
 

 

TABLE 49
 

DISTRIBUTION OF PROJECT EXPENDITURES BY
 

ART FORM IN FISCAL 1974 

TOTAL TOTAL WITHOUT 

AGENCIES NEW YORK 

(ooo’ s) (000’s) % 

Total Pro~ect Expenditures $34,553 i00 $19,440 i00 

Music 7,771 23 4,789 25 

Orchestral, chamber, etc. 4,326 13 3,176 16 

Opera 1,213 4 561 3 

Jazz, folk, ethnic 402 I 178 I 

Choral 217 i 185 i 

Rock, popular 12 * 9 * 

Other 139 * 18 * 

Combinations within music 1,462 4 662 3 

Theatre 4,195 1--2 2,314 12 

Plays, musicals 4,074 12 2,301 12 

Other 121 * 13 * 

Dance 3,547 i0 1,937 i0 

Modern 1,069 3 422 2 

Ballet 852 2 633 3 

Ethnic, folk 77 * 46 

Mime, pantomime 

Other 

34 

142 * 

34 

12 

* 

* 

Combinations within dance 1,372 4 790 4 

Combinations of Performin$ Arts 1,741 5 890 5 

Visual Arts 4,909 14 3,055 16 

Painting, drawing, graphics 

Crafts 

484 

417 

i 

I 

426 

342 

2 

2 

Sculpture 177 i 137 i 

Photography 

Other 

141 

245 

* 

I 

38 

8 

* 

* 

Combinations within visual arts 3,445 i0 2,104 ii 

Public Media 1,673 ~ 537 3 

Film 803 2 318 2 

Television 686 2 73 * 

Video 68 * 68 * 

Radio 18 * 18 * 

Other 9 * 9 * 

Combinations within public media 89 * 51 * 

* Less than 0.5% 83
 
TABLE 49 (continued)
 

TOTAL TOTAL WITHOUT
 

Literature
 

Poetry
 

Playwriting
 

Fiction
 

Translations
 

Other
 

Combinations within literature
 

Other Art Forms
 

Architecture and environmental arts
 

Folk arts
 

Multi-media
 

Other
 

Combinations of Art Forms
 

Non-Arts Humanities Field
 

AGENCIES
 

(O00’s)
 

$1,097 3
 

469 I
 

8 *
 

7 *
 

3 *
 

6
 

605 2
 

1,833 5
 

962 3
 

291 i
 

184 i
 

396 *
 

6,042 17
 

1,745 5
 

NEW YORK
 

(000,s)
 

$723 4
 

441 2
 

7 *
 

4 *
 

6 *
 

265 i
 

728 4
 

344 2
 

151 I
 

184 i
 

49 *
 

4,265 22
 

202 i
 
PROJECT EXPENDITURES BY TYPE OF ACTIVITY
 

The survey also tabulated project expenditures by those
 

activities performed by grant recipients which were directly
 

subsidized by arts agency funds. Directors indicated that
 

the greater share of 1974 project budgets were devoted to
 

the general support of an organization rather than to
 

specific artistic events or performances.
 

The largest portion of these project funds -- $10,120,000 or


29 per cent -- was used for program support for organizations
 

or institutions. Another $5,571,000 (16 per cent) was devoted to salary support and $4,876,000 (14 per cent) was given
 

for basic operating support of institutions or organizations.
 

Smaller portions were used to provide direct support to
 

individual artists for specific services ($4,294,000 -- 12
 

per cent); touring programs ($2,330,000 -- seven per cent);
 

artists-in-schools projects ($1,743,000 -- five per cent);
 

and miscellaneous education projects ($754,000 -- two per
 

cent). A large number of other activities, from the commission of art works to the documentation of oral history, were
 

also reported, each accounting for one per cent or less of
 

all project expenditures. A number of agencies varied from
 

these averages because of demands dictated by individual
 

circumstances. Agencies with the largest budgets and the
 

greater share of resident arts organizations, excluding
 

New York, devoted a greater than average portion of their
 

funds to program support while spending comparatively little
 

on touring programs. New York, prohibited from making
 

direct grants to individual artists, spent 26 per cent of
 

its project funds to support artists for specific purposes
 

through subgrants to other organizations and institutions.
 

Touring performances or exhibits from outside the state
 

received 33 per cent of Alaska’s project funds and 25 per
 

cent of those of Guam.
 

Nineteen agencies provided no salary support for arts
 

institutions while New York and New Mexico each concentrated
 

30 per cent of their funds on this activity. Eighteen
 

agencies made no basic support grants to organizations and
 

institutions while Missouri gave 49 per cent of its project
 

funds and North Dakota 73 per cent of its limited project
 

funds in basic support grants.
 

85
 
 

TABLE 50
 

PRIMARY ACTIVITY ASSISTED BY PROJECT EXPENDITURES IN FISCAL 1974"
 

Total Project Expenditures
 

Program support of institutions or organizations
 

Staff salary support
 

Basic (or general operating) support of institution
 

or organization
 

Direct support of individual artists for specific
 

services, such as classroom teaching, park programs, etc.
 

Touring
 

(Touring within state)
 

(Touring from out of state into state)
 

(Touring from within state to out of state)
 

Artists-in-schools projects
 

Artists-in-residence projects
 

Other education projects (scholarships, fellowships,
 

lectures, courses, etc.)
 

Informational publications, conferences and other
 

informational sources
 

Commission by organization of visual arts creations
 

Commission by organization of performing arts creations
 

Conservation/preservation
 

Audience development
 

Improvement of visual environment
 

Community or neighborhood arts development
 

Support of programming via the media
 

Technical assistance
 

Direct support of individual artists in pursuit of
 

their art
 

Research
 

Experimentation within art forms
 

Documentation (oral history, etc.)
 

Literary publications
 

Establishment of new cultural organizations
 

Purchases by organization of visual arts objects
 

Arts management training
 

Communication/collaboration between sections of cultural
 

community
 

Humanities project
 

Other
 

TOTAL
 

AGENCIES
 

(000’s)
 

$34~553 i00
 

10,120 29
 

5,571 16
 

4,876 14
 

4,294 12
 

2,330 7
 

(1,532) (4)
 

(703) (2)
 

(95) (*)
 

1,743	 5
 

902 3
 

754 2
 

478 I
 

437 i
 

312 i
 

310 i
 

304 i
 

281 ­

239 I
 

237 i
 

230 i
 

218 i
 

200 i
 

156 *
 

130 *
 

109 *
 

98 *
 

71 *
 

43 *
 

27
 

18 *
 

65 *
 

* The activities list was provided in the survey questionnaire and may not
 

agree with activity descriptions of individual agencies.
 
 

 

CONTINUITY OF PROJECT FUNDING
 

The granting of project expenditures was marked by a large
 

degree of continuity in 1974. Two-thirds of all funds were
 

devoted to ongoing projects and another six per cent were
 

given to projects that were expected to become ongoing.
 

The remaining funds were about evenly divided between onetime projects (14 per cent) and pilot projects (13 per cent).
 

Several agencies, however, were much less involved in the
 

continued funding of individual projects. Pilot projects
 

were reported to have greater proportions of project funds
 

in Florida (47 per cent), South Carolina (48 per cent) and
 

Indiana (86 per cent). One-time funding of projects was
 

emphasized by Massachusetts (42 per cent), Washington (51
 

per cent), Oklahoma (57 per cent), Georgia (57 per cent),
 

Delaware (62 per cent) and california (87 per cent).
 

TABLE 51
 

CONTINUITY OF PROJECT EXPENDITURES IN FISCAL 1974
 

Total: $34,433,000* 

Continued funding of ongoing 

projects $23,194,000 67% 

Anticipated one-time project 

funding 4,734,000 14 

Funding of pilot projects 4,396,000 13 

First expenditure in anticipate

ongoing projects 

d 

2,109,000 6 

* $120,000 in project expenditures by American Samoa not
 

included since information on continuity of projects was
 

not provided.
 

87
 
THE OUTLOOK
 

At the time this survey was conducted, almost half of the
 

state arts agencies reported they had formulated long
 

term goals or plans, usually covering a period of two to
 

five years, with one agency reporting a plan which spanned
 

more than ten years. The 27 agencies with long term goals
 

and plans tend to have the larger budgets.
 

Most agency directors assumed that all areas of arts agency
 

activity would continue to grow in the next few years.
 

Anticipating increases in state appropriations, federal
 

funding and staff, the directors expected to expand
 

programs. They also forsaw the continued development of
 

regional organizations, the growing importance of community
 

arts councils and greater use of associated separate
 

foundations.
 

Moreover the directors anticipated that growing citizen
 

awareness of the important role of the arts in their own
 

communities would result in increased public pressure on
 

government to support the arts.
 

When asked what pattern their distribution of funds would
 

assume if income were substantially incre~d in the next
 

few years, most directors reported that their agencies would
 

continue to develop those areas of programming in which
 

they were already engaged. Increases in staff to carry out
 

current agency objectives would be given high priority and
 

greater emphasis would be placed on basic program support
 

to organizations and institutions. If there were sufficient
 

funding to cultivate new areas, programs for the individual
 

artist would receive priority, followed by the development
 

of more services statewide.
 

89
 
90
 
DIRECTORY OF STATE ARTS AGENCIES
 

91
 
DIRECTORY OF STATE ARTS AGENCIES
 

The directory section of this report provides selected
 

statistics on each of the 55 state arts agencies. It is
 

designed to serve as a guide to agency titles, addresses,
 

chairmen, and directors~ All information is taken from
 

the survey questionnaire and therefore is descriptive of
 

fiscal 1974, except for the names of the agency officials
 

and the addresses and telephone numbers, unless otherwise
 

indicated.
 

In using this directory section, it should be noted that:
 

-- The date listed for the founding of the agency is the
 

date when the first arts agency was organized in the
 

state.
 

-- The current director may not be the person who was
 

in the job at the time of the survey and responded
 

to the survey questionnaire.
 

-- Information listed under "intrastate relationships"
 

was provided by the agency director. The survey
 

questionnaire cited community councils and education
 

departments specifically: all other information
 

listed was volunteered in response to open-ended
 

questions.
 

-- The "program priorities" information is listed as it
 

was given by the agency. Some states provided statements of objectives while others listed activities and
 

art forms they choose to emphasize.
 

92
 
ALABAMA STATE COUNCIL ON THE
 

ARTS AND HUMANITIES
 

449 S. McDonough Street
 

Montgomery, Alabama 36106
 

(205) 832-6758
 

STATE POPULATION: 3,577,000
 

FOUNDED: 1966
 

CHAIRMAN: Aubrey D. Green
 

EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR: M.J. Zakrzewski
 

STAFF: 4 fulltime, 4 part-time, Executive Director appointed
 

by Council
 

COUNCIL: 15 members appointed by Governor, Chairman appointed
 

by Governor
 

COMMITTEES: 3 - program, finance, nominating
 

ADVISORY PANELS: 6 - theatre, music, literature, architectural, visual arts, dance
 

ASSOCIATED FOUNDATION: None
 

INTRASTATE RELATIONSHIPS: Community councils, Department
 

of Education
 

CITIZEN ADVOCATES: Alabama Assembly of Community Arts
 

Councils
 

REGIONAL PROGRAMS: Southern Federation of State Arts Agencies
 

PROGRAM PRIORITIES:
 - To join with private patrons, institutions and professional organizations to insure the growth of the
 

arts in the daily life of the community
 - Emphases on performance programs
 

TOTAL FUNDS, 1974: $356,085
 

LEGISLATIVE APPROPRIATION: $125,000
 

PROJECT EXPENDITURES: $260,000
 

TOTAL STATE BUDGET, 1974: $1,994,183,000
 

93
 
ALASKA STATE COUNCIL
 

ON THE ART-S
 

619 Warehouse Avenue, Suite 220
 

Anchorage, Alaska 99501
 

(907) 279-1558
 

STATE POPULATION: 337,000
 

FOUNDED: 1966
 

CHAIRMAN: Jean Mackin
 

EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR: Roy H. Helms
 

STAFF: 6 fulltime, Executive Director appointed by Governor
 

COUNCIL: ii members appointed by Governor, Chairman appointed
 

by Governor
 

COMMITTEES: 2 - visual arts, ~olicy
 

ADVISORY PANELS: None
 

ASSOCIATED FOUNDATION: None
 

INTRASTATE RELATIONSHIPS: Community councils, Department
 

of Education
 

CITIZENS ADVOCATES: None
 

REGIONAL PROGRAMS: None
 

PROGRAM PRIORITIES:
 - Touring programs to provide widespread access to arts,
 

especially in the area of professional arts resources
 

TOTAL FUNDS, 1974: $500,744
 

LEGISLATIVE APPROPRIATION: $149,600
 

PROJECT EXPENDITURES: $417,000
 

TOTAL STATE BUDGET, 1974: $697,584,000
 

94
 
 

AMERICAN SAMOA ARTS COUNCIL
 

Office of the Governor
 

Pago Pago, American Samoa 96799
 

633-4116
 

TERRITORY POPULATION: 29,000
 

FOUNDED: 1971
 

CHAIRMAN: Paulauni M. Tuiasosopo
 

EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR: None
 

STAFF: Volunteers
 

COUNCIL: Members appointed by Governor, Chairman appointed
 

by Governor
 

COMMITTEES: 3 - arts festivals, beautification, performing
 

arts
 

ADVISORY PANELS: None
 

ASSOCIATED FOUNDATION: None
 

INTRASTATE RELATIONSHIPS: Jean P. Haydon Museum
 

CITIZENS ADVOCATES: None
 

REGIONAL PROGRAMS: None
 

PROGRAM PRIORITIES:
 - Cultural activities in visual and performing arts exhibits
 - Beautification throughout territory
 - Support of arts curriculum at schools
 

- Support of arts programs at schools and community colleges
 - Visiting artists programs
 

TOTAL FUNDS, 1974: $120,000
 

LEGISLATIVE APPROPRIATION: $60,000
 

PROJECT EXPENDITURES: $120,000
 

95
 
 

 

 

ARIZONA COMMISSION ON THE
 

ARTS AND HUMANITIES
 

6330 North Seventh Street
 

Phoenix, Arizona 85014
 

(602) 271-5884
 

STATE POPULATION: 2,153,000
 

FOUNDED: 1966
 

CHAIRMAN: Lewis Ruskin
 

EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR: Louise Tester
 

STAFF: 6 fulltime, 2 part-time, Executive Director appointed
 

by Commission
 

COUNCIL: 15 members appointed by Governor, Chairman appointed
 

by Governor
 

COMMITTEES: None
 

ADVISORY PANELS: 2 - artists-in-schools, creative writing
 

ASSOCIATED FOUNDATION: None
 

INTRASTATE RELATIONSHIPS: Community councils, Department of
 

Education
 

CITIZENS ADVOCATES: Arizona Arts Committee
 

REGIONAL PROGRAMS: Western State Arts Foundation, Arizona-


Mexico Commission
 

PROGRAM PRIORITIES:
 

- Stimulate the study and presentation of the performing
 

arts, fine arts and humanities and public participation
 

and interest therein
 -	 Make surveys of public and private institutions engaged
 

in artistic and cultural activities
 - Encourage public interest in cultural heritage of state
 

and expand cultural resources
 - Encourage and assist freedom of artistic and scholarly
 

expression
 

TOTAL FUNDS, 1974: $305,485
 

LEGISLATIVE APPROPRIATION: $68,700
 

PROJECT EXPENDITURES: $243,000
 

TOTAL STATE BUDGET, 1974: $1,237,830,000
 

96
 
OFFICE OF ARKANSAS STATE
 

ARTS AND HUMANITIES
 

Suite 500, Continental Building
 

Main and Markham Streets
 

Little Rock, Arkansas 72201
 

(501) 371-2539
 

STATE POPULATION: 2,062,000
 

FOUNDED: 1971
 

CHAIRMAN: Harvey Little, III
 

EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR: R. Sandra Perry
 

STAFF: 2 fulltime, 1 part-time, Executive Director appointed
 

by Governor
 

COUNCIL: 17 members appointed by Governor, Chairman selected
 

by Council
 

COMMITTEES: None
 

ADVISORY PANELS: None
 

ASSOCIATED FOUNDATION: None
 

INTRASTATE RELATIONSHIPS: Community councils, Departments
 

of Education, Parks and Tourism
 

CITIZENS ADVOCATES: Arkansas Arts
 

REGIONAL PROGRAMS: None
 

PROGRAM PRIORITIES:
 - Provide or support productions of substatnial artistic
 

and cultural significance, projects that will encourage
 

and assist artists to achieve standards of professional
 

excellence, and other relevant programs including
 

surveys, research and planning in the arts
 

TOTAL FUNDS, 1974: $481,085
 

LEGISLATIVE APPROPRIATION: $166,727
 

PROJECT EXPENDITURES: $441,000
 

TOTAL STATE BUDGET, 1974: $997,543,000
 

97
 
CALIFORNIA ARTS COUNCIL
 

i15 I Street
 

Sacramento, California 95814
 

(916) 445-1530
 

STATE POPULATION: 20,907,000
 

FOUNDED: 1963
 

CHAIRMAN: Peter Coyote
 

ACTING DIRECTOR: Gloria Flores
 

STAFF: 6 fulltime, 3 part-time, Executive Director appointed
 

by Council
 

COUNCIL: 15 members appointed by Governor, Chairman appointed
 

by Governor
 

COMMITTEES: None
 

ADVISORY PANELS: 5 - performing arts, special programs,
 

visual arts, environmental arts, communications
 

ASSOCIATED FOUNDATION: None
 

INTRASTATE RELATIONSHIPS: Community councils, Department of
 

Education
 

CITIZENS ADVOCATES: Partnership for the Arts, Artists for
 

Economic Action, Advocate for the Arts
 

REGIONAL PROGRAMS: None
 

PROGRAM PRIORITIES:
 - Technical assistance
 - Programming and development
 - Dance touring programs
 - Public information
 

TOTAL FUNDS, 1974: $1,267,747
 

LEGISLATIVE APPROPRIATION: $1,034,763
 

PROJECT EXPENDITURES: $1,014,000
 

TOTAL STATE BUDGET, 1974: $15,519,227,000
 

98
 
COLORADO COUNCIL ON THE
 

ARTS AND HUMANITIES
 

Grant-Humphreys Mansion
 

770 Pennsylvania Street
 

Denver, Colorado 80203
 

(303) 892-2617
 

STATE POPULATION: 2,496,000
 

FOUNDED: 1967
 

CHAIRMAN: Robert B. Yegge
 

EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR: Robert N. Sheets
 

STAFF: 7 fulltime, 4 part-time
 

COUNCIL: ii members appointed by Governor, Chairman appointed
 

by Governor
 

COMMITTEES: None
 

ADVISORY PANELS: 5 - policy review, artists-in-schools,
 

budget review, Bicentenial art award program, institutional
 

assistance
 

ASSOCIATED FOUNDATION: Colorado Foundation on the Arts and
 

Humanities
 

INTRASTATE RELATIONSHIPS: Community councils, Department of


Education, State Historical Society
 

CITIZENS ADVOCATES: Colorado Citizens for the Arts
 

REGIONAL PROGRAMS: Western State Arts Foundation
 

PROGRAM PRIORITIES:
 - Administer a matching grants program
 - Maintain an extensive technical assistance program
 

which provides consultants and state leadership
 

TOTAL FUNDS, 1974: $319,975
 

LEGISLATIVE APPROPRIATION: $120,963
 

PROJECT EXPENDITURES: $229,000
 

TOTAL STATE BUDGET, 1974: $1,409,801,000
 

99
 
 

 

 

 

CONNECTICUT COMMISSION
 

ON THE ARTS
 

340 Capitol Avenue
 

Hartford, Connecticut 06106
 

(203) 566-4770
 

STATE POPULATION: 3,088,000
 

FOUNDED: 1965
 

CHAIRMAN: June K. Goodman
 

EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR: Anthony S. Keller
 

STAFF: 13 fulltime, 4 part-time, Executive Director appointed
 

by Commission
 

COUNCIL: 25 members - 5 appointed by Governor, i0 appointed
 

by President Per Tempore of State Senate, i0 appointed by
 

Speaker of State House of Representatives, Chairman
 

selected by Commission
 

COMMITTEES: 4 - nominating, executive, policy, budget
 

ADVISORY PANELS: None
 

ASSOCIATED FOUNDATION: Connecticut Foundation for the Arts
 

INTRASTATE RELATIONSHIPS:	 Community councils, Department of


Community Affairs
 

CITIZENS ADVOCATES: None
 

REGIONAL PROGRAMS: New England Regional Committee
 

PROGRAM PRIORITIES:
 - Information services to public, artists and arts organizations
 - Arts in education
 - Grants to artists, arts organizations and sponsoring
 

organizations
 - Community arts development
 - Special projects
 

TOTAL FUNDS, 1974: $625,917
 

LEGISLATIVE APPROPRIATION: $351,500
 

PROJECT EXPENDITURES: $938,000
 

TOTAL STATE BUDGET, 1974: $1,919,806,000
 

i00
 
DELAWARE STATE ARTS COUNCIL
 

Wilmington State Office Building
 

9th and French Streets
 

Wilmington, Delaware 19801
 

(302) 571-3540
 

STATE POPULATION: 573,000
 

FOUNDED: 1969
 

CHAIRMAN: John E. Derrickson
 

EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR: Donald C. Shulman
 

STAFF: 2 fulltime, 1 part-time, Executive Director appointed
 

by Council
 

COUNCIL: 15 members minimum appointed by Governor, Chairman
 

appointed by Governor
 

COMMITTEES: 3 - executive, visual arts, performing arts
 

ADVISORY PANELS: None
 

ASSOCIATED FOUNDATION: None
 

INTRASTATE RELATIONSHIPS:	 Community councils, Department
 

of Education
 

CITIZENS ADVOCATES: None
 

REGIONAL PROGRAMS: None
 

PROGRAM PRIORITIES:
 - Funding by visual and performing arts committees
 

TOTAL FUNDS, 1974: $246,885
 

LEGISLATIVE APPROPRIATION: $42,600
 

PROJECT EXPENDITURES: $214,000
 

TOTAL STATE BUDGET, 1974: $496,142,000
 

i01
 
DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA
 

COMMISSION ON THE
 

ARTS AND THE HUMANITIES
 

1012 14th Street, N.W., Suite 1200
 

Washington, D.C. 20005
 

(202) 724-5613
 

DISTRICT POPULATION: 723,000
 

FOUNDED: 1968
 

CHAIRMAN: Vi Curtis Hinton
 

EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR: Larry Neal
 

STAFF: 3 fulltime, Executive Director appointed by Mayor
 

COUNCIL: 18 members appointed by District Commissioner,
 

Chairman appointed by Mayor
 

COMMITTEES: None
 

ADVISORY PANELS: 6 - music, dance, drama, visual arts,
 

literature, humanities
 

ASSOCIATED FOUNDATION: None
 

INTRASTATE RELATIONSHIPS: Community councils, Department of


Education
 

CITIZENS ADVOCATES: None
 

REGIONAL PROGRAMS: None
 

PROGRAM PRIORITIES:
 

- Music, dance, theatre, literature, media, special projects
 

TOTAL FUNDS, 1974: $202,000
 

LEGISLATIVE APPROPRIATION: $52,000
 

PROJECT EXPENDITURES: $149,900
 

102
 
FINE ARTS COUNCIL OF FLORIDA
 

The Capitol Building
 

Tallahassee, Florida 32304
 

(904) 487-2980
 

STATE POPULATION: 8,090,000
 

FOUNDED: 1966
 

CHAIRMAN: Peggy Hurst
 

ADMIN. DIRECTOR: John K. Urice
 

STAFF: 3 fulltime, Admin. Director appointed by Council
 

COUNCIL: 15 members selected by Secretary of State, Chairman selected by Council
 

COMMITTEES: None
 

ADVISORY PANELS: None
 

ASSOCIATED FOUNDATION: Florida Fine Arts Foundation
 

INTRASTATE RELATIONSHIPS: Community councils
 

CITIZENS ADVOCATES: None
 

REGIONAL PROGRAMS: None 1974, joined Southeast Federation of
 

State Arts Agencies in fiscal 1975
 

PROGRAM PRIORITIES:
 - Providing funds to arts organizations, educational
 

institutions, local governments and general public for
 

significant arts programs
 - Providing technical assistance, consultative and facilitative services, and acting as information resource
 

and clearinghouse
 

TOTAL FUNDS, 1974: $504,945
 

LEGISLATIVE APPROPRIATION: $289,895
 

PROJECT EXPENDITURES: $421,000
 

TOTAL STATE BUDGET, 1974: $4,084,511,000
 

103
 
 

GEORGIA COUNCIL FOR THE
 

ARTS AND HUMANITIES
 

225 Peachtree Street, N.E.
 

Atlanha, Georgia 30303
 

(404) 656-3990
 

STATE POPULATION: 4,882,000
 

FOUNDED: 1964
 

CHAIRMAN: Isabelle Watkins
 

EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR: John Bitterman
 

STAFF: 4 fulltime, Executive director appointed by Governor
 

COUNCIL: 24 members appointed by Governor, Chairman appointed
 

by Governor
 

COMMITTEES: None
 

ADVISORY PANELS: None
 

ASSOCIATED FOUNDATION: None
 

INTRASTATE RELATIONSHIPS: Community councils, Department of
 

Education, Georgia Bicentennial Commission
 

CITIZENS ADVOCATES: None
 

REGIONAL PROGRAMS: Southern Federation of State Arts Agencies
 

PROGRAM PRIORITIES:
 

-	 Major professional cultural institutions funded for
 

community outreach and/or general support
 - Community arts development
 

TOTAL FUNDS, 1974: $443,617
 

LEGISLATIVE APPROPRIATION: $183,000
 

PROJECT EXPENDITURES: $374,000
 

TOTAL STATE BUDGET, 1974: $2,618,445,000
 

104
 
 

 

 

INSULAR ARTS COUNCIL OF GUAM
 

office of the Governor
 

P.O. Box 2950
 

Agana, Guam 96910
 

477-9845
 

TERRITORY POPULATION: 105,000
 

FOUNDED: 1971
 

CHAIRMAN: Laura Souder
 

PROGRAM DIRECTOR: Peter Guerrero
 

STAFF: 1 fulltime, Program Director appointed by Governor
 

COUNCIL: 12 members appointed by Governor, Chairman appointed
 

by Governor
 

COMMITTEES: 3 - aid to regional museums and cultural centers,


Micronesian crafts support, continuing museum and gallery
 

program
 

ADVISORY PANELS: 1 - artists-in-schools
 

ASSOCIATED FOUNDATION: None
 

INTRASTATE RELATIONSHIPS: Department of Education
 

CITIZENS ADVOCATES: Guam Music Educators Association, Guam
 

Symphony Society, Guam Theater Guild
 

REGIONAL PROGRAMS: None
 

PROGRAM PRIORITIES:
 - Aid to performing arts
 - Aid to education in the arts
 - Aid to community artists and research in the arts
 - Aid to regional museums and cultural centers’ continuing
 

museum and gallery programs
 

TOTAL FUNDS, 1974: $78,077
 

LEGISLATIVE APPROPRIATION: $10,218
 

PROJECT EXPENDITURES: $77,000
 

105
 
HAWAII STATE FOUNDATION O N
 

CULTURE AND THE ARTS
 

250 South King Street, Rm. 310
 

Honolulu, Hawaii 96813
 

(806) 548-4145
 

STATE POPULATION: 827,000
 

FOUNDED: 1965
 

CHAIRMAN: Massaru Yokouchi
 

EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR: Alfred Preis
 

STAFF: 3 fulltime, 2 part-time, Executive Director appointed
 

by Foundation Board
 

COUNCIL: 9 members appointed by Governor, Chairman appointed
 

by Governor
 

COMMITTEES: 3 - portable works of art, Hawaiian council,
 

Philippino council
 

ADVISORY PANELS: None
 

ASSOCIATED FOUNDATION: None
 

INTRASTATE RELATIONSHIPS: Community councils, Department of
 

Education, Hawaii Foundation for History and the Humanities,
 

Hawaii Bicentennial Commission and the Commission for the
 

Year 2000, University of Hawaii College of Continuing
 

Education and Community Services
 

CITIZENS ADVOCATES: None
 

REGIONAL PROGRAMS: None
 

PROGRAM PRIORITIES:
 - Activities which improve quality of the arts
 - Cultural experiences which involve largest number of
 

people
 - Cultural experiences and activities which have largest
 

geographic distribution
 

TOTAL FUNDS, 1974: $777,727
 

LEGISLATIVE APPROPRIATION: $221,307
 

PROJECT EXPENDITURES: $721,000
 

TOTAL STATE BUDGET, 1974: $990,859,000
 

106
 
IDAHO STATE COMMISSION
 

ON THE ARTS AND HUMANITIES
 

c/o State House Mail
 

Boise, Idaho 83720
 

(208) 384-2119
 

STATE POPULATION: 799,000
 

FOUNDED: 1966
 

ACTING CHAIRMAN: Donna Bray
 

EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR: Carl Petrick
 

STAFF: 2 fulltime, Executive Director appointed by Governor
 

COUNCIL: 13 members appointed by Governor, Chairman appointed
 

by Governor
 

COMMITTEES: None
 

ADVISORY PANELS: None
 

ASSOCIATED FOUNDATION: None
 

INTRASTATE RELATIONSHIPS: Community councils
 

CITIZENS ADVOCATES: None
 

REGIONAL PROGRAMS: Western States Arts Foundation
 

PROGRAM PRIORITIES:
 - To encourage quality in the arts
 

- To serve the public and reach as large a number of
 

people as possible
 - To insure Commission’s capabilities in carrying out
 

programs
 

TOTAL FUNDS, 1974: $183,508
 

LEGISLATIVE APPROPRIATION: $I0,000
 

PROJECT EXPENDITURES: $163,000
 

TOTAL STATE BUDGET, 1974: $503,965,000
 

107
 
ILLINOIS ARTS COUNCIL
 

ill North Wabash Avenue
 

Chicago, Illinois 60602
 

(312) 793-3520
 

STATE POPULATION: ll,131,000
 

FOUNDED: 1963
 

CHAIRgI~N: William M. Duvall
 

EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR: Clark Mitze
 

STAFF: i0 fulltime, Executive Director appointed by Council
 

COUNCIL: 21 members appointed by Governor, Chairman appointed
 

by Governor
 

COMMITTEES: None
 

ADVISORY PANELS: 7 - music, dance, theatre, visual arts,
 

public media, film, literature
 

ASSOCIATED FOUNDATION: The Illinois Arts Council Foundation
 

INTRASTATE RELATIONSHIPS: Community councils, Department of
 

Education, Housing Commission, Parks Department, Small
 

Communities Commission
 

CITIZENS ADVOCATES: None
 

REGIONAL PROGRAMS: None
 

PROGRAM PRIORITIES:
 - Giving financial assistance to arts organizations
 - Programs for community audiences
 - Programs for artists
 

TOTAL FUNDS, 1974: $877,511
 

LEGISLATIVE APPROPRIATION: $600,000
 

PROJECT EXPENDITURES: $733,000
 

TOTAL STATE BUDGET, 1974: $6,523,804,000
 

108
 
 

 

 

INDIANA ARTS COMMISSION
 

155 East Market Street
 

Indianapolis, Indiana 46204
 

(317) 633-5649
 

STATE POPULATION: 5,330,000
 

FOUNDED: 1965
 

CHAIRM~N: Sister Kathryn Martin
 

EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR: Janet I. Harris
 

STAFF: i0 fulltime, Executive Director appointed by
 

Commission
 

COUNCIL: 15 members appointed by Governor, Chairman appointed
 

by Commission
 

COMMITTEES: None
 

ADVISORY PANELS: 8 - personnel development, dance, literature,
 

visual arts, music, theatre, public media, special projects
 

ASSOCIATED FOUNDATION: Indiana Endowment for the Arts
 

INTRASTATE RELATIONSHIPS: Community councils, Department of
 

Education
 

CITIZENS ADVOCATES: None
 

REGIONAL PROGRAMS: Federation of Central State Arts Agencies
 

PROGRAM PRIORITIES:
 - To stimulate and encourage the study and presentation
 

of performing and fine arts, and public interest and
 

participation therein
 

-	 To make surveys of public and private institutions
 

engaged in artistic and cultural activities
 

- To encourage public interest in the cultural heritage
 

of the State and to expand cultural resources
 - To encourage and assist freedom of artistic expression
 

TOTAL FUNDS, 1974: $500,922
 

LEGISLATIVE APPROPRIATION: $170,005
 

PROJECT EXPENDITURES: $361,000
 

~OTAL STATE BUDGET, 1974: $2,275,371,000
 

109
 
IOWA STATE ARTS COUNCIL
 

State Capitol Building
 

Des Moines, Iowa 50319
 

(515) 281-4451
 

STATE POPULATION: 2,855,000
 

FOUNDED: 1967
 

CHAIRMAN: H. Mell Willits
 

EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR: Jack E. Olds
 

STAFF: 4 fulltime, 1 part-time, Executive Director appointed
 

by Governor
 

COUNCIL: 15 members appointed by Governor, Chairman appointed
 

by Governor
 

COMMITTEES: None
 

ADVISORY PANELS: 2 - music task force, business and the arts
 

ASSOCIATED FOUNDATION: None
 

INTRASTATE RELATIONSHIPS: Community councils
 

CITIZENS ADVOCATES: Iowa Citizens for the Arts
 

REGIONAL PROGRAMS: Upper Midwest Regional Arts Council,
 

1974, 1975, Mid-America Arts Alliance, 1974
 

PROGRAM PRIORITIES:
 

- Quality
 - Established abilities
 - Need
 - Extension of existing or new activities
 

TOTAL FUNDS, 1974: $291,787
 

LEGISLATIVE APPROPRIATION: $52,244
 

PROJECT EXPENDITURES: $254,000
 

TOTAL STATE BUDGET, 1974: $1,627,392,000
 

ii0
 
KANSAS ARTS COMMISSION
 

509-A Kansas Avenue
 

Topeka, Kansas 66603
 

(913) 296-3335
 

STATE POPULATION: 2,270,000
 

FOUNDED: 1966
 

CHAIRMAN: Martha D. Nichols
 

EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR: John Reed
 

STAFF: 4 fulltime, Executive Director appointed by Commission
 

COUNCIL: 12 members appointed by Governor, Chairman appointed
 

by Governor
 

COMMITTEES: None
 

ADVISORY PANELS: 6 - music, drama, creative writing, dance,
 

film, visual arts
 

ASSOCIATED FOUNDATION: None
 

INTRASTATE RELATIONSHIPS: Community councils
 

CITIZENS ADVOCATES: Kansas Citizens Committee for the Arts
 

REGIONAL PROGRAMS: None
 

PROGRAM PRIORITIES:
 - To make artistic experience available to those who would
 

otherwise go without it
 - To help support professional artists
 - To raise the quality of arts programs in the State
 

- To help form and coordinate capable community arts agencies
 

TOTAL FUNDS, 1974: $261,059
 

LEGISLATIVE APPROPRIATION: $45,634
 

PROJECT EXPENDITURES: $209,000
 

TOTAL STATE BUDGET, 1974: $1,112,219,000
 

iIi
 
KENTUCKY ARTS COMMISSION
 

i00 West Main Street
 

Frankfort, Kentucky 40601
 

(502) 564-3757
 

STATE POPULATION: 3,357,000
 

FOUNDED: 1966
 

CHAIRMAN: Albert Smith
 

EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR: Nash Cox
 

STAFF: 6 fulltime, Executive Director appointed by Commission’s Executive Committee
 

COUNCIL: 16 members appointed by Governor, Chairman
 

appointed by Governor
 

COMMITTEES: None
 

ADVISORY PANELS: 5 - music, drama, dance, visual arts,
 

literature
 

ASSOCIATED FOUNDATION: None
 

INTRASTATE RELATIONSHIPS: Community councils, Department of
 

Education
 

CITIZENS ADVOCATES: None
 

REGIONAL PROGRAMS: None (Southern Federation of Arts Agencies,
 

Tri-State Communication Center Project, 1975)
 

PROGRAM PRIORITIES:
 - Resource development program to assist organizations in
 

all areas of the arts
 - visual arts program, with emphasis on touring exhibitions
 - Literary arts program, with emphasis on workshops and


awards to literary magazines
 

- Professional touring program
 

TOTAL FUNDS, 1974: $428,338
 

LEGISLATIVE APPROPRIATION: $153,930
 

PROJECT EXPENDITURES: $342,000
 

TOTAL STATE BUDGET, 1974: $1,816,615,000
 

112
 
 

 

 

LOUISIANA STATE
 

ARTS COUNCIL
 

Old State Capitol
 

Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70801
 

(504) 389-6291
 

STATE POPULATION: 3,764,000
 

FOUNDED: 1965
 

CHAIRMAN: Peg Towers
 

EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR: A1 Head
 

STAFF: 3 fulltime, 2 part-time, Executive Director unpaid
 

COUNCIL: 15 members appointed by Governor, Chairman appointed
 

by Governor
 

COMMITTEES: 12 - screening, executive, education, art, music,
 

dance, film, photography, environmental, arts and crafts,
 

artists-in-schools, mini-museums
 

ADVISORY PANELS: None
 

ASSOCIATED FOUNDATION: None
 

INTRASTATE RELATIONSHIPS: Community councils, Department of
 

Education, State Educational Television System, State Tax
 

Commission, Register of State Land Office
 

CITIZENS ADVOCATES: Louisiana Alliance for Arts Education
 

REGIONAL PROGRAMS: Southeastern Regional Arts Project


(Southeastern Federation of State Arts Agencies, 1975)
 

PROGRAM PRIORITIES:
 - Youth Arts Council of America
 - Future Music Leaders of America
 

- Arts Slide Library
 - Musical Scores Lending Library
 - Governor’s honors program
 

- Dance touring
 - Artists-in-schools
 

TOTAL FUNDS, 1974: $286,150
 

LEGISLATIVE APPROPRIATION: $44,000
 

PROJECT EXPENDITURES: $242,000 (based on incomplete data)
 

TOTAL STATE BUDGET, 1974: $2,401,410,000
 

113
 
 

 

 

 

MAINE STATE COMMISSION ON THE
 

ARTS AND T-HE HUMANITIES
 

State House
 

Augusta,, Maine 04330
 

(207) 289-2724
 

STATE POPULATION: 1,047,000
 

FOUNDED: 1966
 

CHAIRMAN: Philip Isaacson
 

EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR: Alden C. Wilson
 

STAFF: 6 fulltime, Executive Director appointed by
 

Commission
 

COUNCIL: 21 members appointed by Governor, Chairman appointed
 

by Governor
 

COMMITTEES: 4 - visual arts, Maine State Award, education,
 

legislative liaison
 

ADVISORY PANELS: 1 - historic preservation
 

ASSOCIATED FOUNDATION: None
 

INTRASTATE RELATIONSHIPS: Community councils, Department of
 

Education, Maine State Museum, Maine State Library
 

Commission
 

CITIZENS ADVOCATES: None
 

REGIONAL PROGRAMS: Northeast Regional Commission
 

PROGRAM PRIORITIES: ,­ - Assistance of major cultural arts programs, especially
 

in rural areas
 - Technical assistance
 - Support for arts in education
 - Support of administrative functions of major public


service programs
 

- Active support of regional arts councils
 - Support of individual artists in service programs
 

TOTAL FUNDS, 1974: $385,569
 

LEGISLATIVE APPROPRIATION: $162,000
 

PROJECT EXPENDITURES: $312,000
 

TOTAL STATE BUDGET, 1974: $659,273,000
 

ll4
 
MARYLAND ARTS COUNCIL
 

15 West Mulberry Street
 

Baltimore, Maryland 21210
 

(301) 685-6740
 

STATE POPULATION: 4,094,000
 

FOUNDED: 1966
 

CHAIRMAN: James Burgess
 

EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR: Kenneth Kahn
 

STAFF: 6 fulltime, 4 part-time, Executive Director appointed
 

by Council
 

COUNCIL: Ii members - 9 appointed by Governor, 1 appointed
 

by President of State Senate, 1 appointed by Speaker of
 

State House, Chairman selected by Council
 

COMMITTEES: None
 

ADVISORY PANELS: 6 - music, visual arts, dance, drama,
 

literature, media
 

ASSOCIATED FOUNDATION: None
 

INTRASTATE RELATIONSHIPS: Community councils, Department of
 

Education
 

CITIZENS ADVOCATES: Maryland Committee for the Arts
 

REGIONAL PROGRAMS: None
 

PROGRAM PRIORITIES:
 - Grants to major institutions, to developing arts institutions and to sponsors for arts series and for individual
 

events
 -	 Technical and consultative assistance to artists and arts
 

organizations
 - Council-initiated projects
 

TOTAL FUNDS, 1974: $722,352
 

LEGISLATIVE APPROPRIATION: $453,411
 

PROJECT EXPENDITURES: $510,000
 

TOTAL STATE BUDGET, 1974: $2,810,456,000
 

i15
 
MASSACHUSETTS COUNCIL ON THE
 

ARTS AND HUMANITIES
 

1 Ashburton Place
 

Boston, Massachusetts 02108
 

(617) 727-3668
 

STATE POPULATION: 5,800,000
 

FOUNDED: 1966
 

CHAIRMAN: Vernon R. Alden
 

EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR: Anne Hawley
 

STAFF: 9 fullti~e, Executive Director named by Chairman
 

with consent of Council
 

COUNCIL: 15 members appointed by Governor, Chairman
 

appointed by Governor
 

COMMITTEES: None
 

ADVISORY PANELS: 7 - humanities, visual arts, music, dance,
 

theatre, writing, multi-arts
 

ASSOCIATED FOUNDATION: Massachusetts Arts and Humanities
 

Foundation, Inc.
 

INTRASTATE RELATIONSHIPS: community councils
 

CITIZENS ADVOCATES: None
 

REGIONAL PROGRAMS: New England Regional Committee
 

PROGRAM PRIORITIES:
 - Aid to cultural organizations
 - Aid to artists
 - Aid to communities and regions
 - Technical assistance
 

TOTAL FUNDS, 1974: $785,000
 

LEGISLATIVE APPROPRIATION: $600,000
 

PROJECT EXPENDITURES: $439,000
 

TOTAL STATE BUDGET, 1974: $4,229,191,000
 

i16
 
 

 

MICHIGAN COUNCIL FOR THE ARTS
 

1200 Sixth Avenue
 

Detroit, Michigan 48226
 

(313) 256-3735
 

STATE POPULATION: 9,098,000
 

FOUNDED: 1966
 

CHAIRMAN: Walter R. Boris
 

EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR: E. Ray Scott
 

STAFF: 26 fulltime, 3 part-time, Executive Director appointed
 

by Chairman
 

COUNCIL: 15 members appointed by Governor and approved by
 

State Senate, Chairman appointed by Governor
 

COMMITTEES: 7 - executive, budget, inter-disciplinary,
 

education, Artrain, bicentennial, community arts council
 

ADVISORY PANELS: 9 - music, theatre, dance, literature,
 

environmental arts, communication arts, museums, crafts,
 

visual arts
 

ASSOCIATED FOUNDATION: Michigan Foundation for the Arts
 

INTRASTATE RELATIONSHIPS: Community councils, Department
 

of Education
 

CITIZENS ADVOCATES: None
 

REGIONAL PROGRAMS: Federation of Central State Arts Agencies,
 

1974
 

PROGRAM PRIORITIES:
 - Programs concentrated in five major areas: technical
 

assistance, promotion of arts activities through grants,
 

provision of innovative arts exposure programs, support
 

of programs assisting artists, support of community
 

arts councils
 -	 Multi-arts program approach, avoiding allocation by discipline
 - Continued support of Michigan Artrain tour
 

TOTAL FUNDS, 1974: $941,079
 

LEGISLATIVE APPROPRIATION: $485,800
 

PROJECT EXPENDITURES: $715,000
 

TOTAL STATE BUDGET, 1974: $6,434,408,000
 

ll7
 
MINNESOTA STATE ARTS BOARD
 

314 Clifton Street, South
 

Minneapolis, Minnesota 55403
 

(612) 874-1335
 

STATE POPULATION: 3,917,000
 

FOUNDED: 1961
 

CHAIRMAN: Sandy Hale
 

EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR: Stephen Sell
 

STAFF: 7 fulltime, 6 part-time, Executive Director appointed
 

by Board
 

COUNCIL: ii members appointed by Governor with consent of
 

State Senate, Chairman appointed by Governor
 

COMMITTEES: 4 - budget, long-range planning, legislative,
 

subsidy
 

ADVISORY PANELS: 6 - architecture, dance, literature, music,
 

theatre, visual arts
 

ASSOCIATED FOUNDATION: None
 

INTRASTATE RELATIONSHIPS: Community councils, Department of
 

Education
 

CITIZENS ADVOCATES: None
 

REGIONAL PROGRAMS: Upper Midwest Regional Arts Council
 

PROGRAM PRIORITIES:
 - Support of programs in music, theatre, literature,
 

architecture, visual arts and dance
 - Arts in education programs
 

TOTAL FUNDS, 1974: $704,585
 

LEGISLATIVE APPROPRIATION: $300,000
 

PROJECT EXPENDITURES: $591,000
 

TOTAL STATE BUDGET, 1974: $2,780,101,000
 

118
 
MISSISSIPPI ARTS COMMISSION
 

301 North Lamar Street
 

Jackson, Mississippi 39205
 

(601) 354-7336
 

STATE POPULATION: 2,324,000
 

FOUNDED: 1968
 

CHAIRMAN: Nell Middleton
 

EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR: Lida Rogers
 

STAFF: 5 fulltime, 4 part-time, Executive Director appointed
 

by Commission
 

COUNCIL: 15 members appointed by Governor, Chairman appointed
 

by Commission
 

COMMITTEES: 5 - executive, finance, projects, legislative,
 

Bicentennial
 

ADVISORY PANELS: None
 

ASSOCIATED FOUNDATION: Mississippi State Council on the Arts,
 

Inc., not in operation in fiscal 1974
 

INTRASTATE RELATIONSHIPS: Community councils, Department of


Education
 

CITIZENS ADVOCATES: None
 

REGIONAL PROGRAMS: Communications Center, Southeastern
 

Federation of State Arts Agencies, Memphis State Arts
 

Council
 

PROGRAM PRIORITIES:
 - Technical assistance
 - Community development
 

TOTAL FUNDS, 1974: $301,298
 

LEGISLATIVE APPROPRIATION: $107,668
 

PROJECT EXPENDITURES: $226,000
 

TOTAL STATE BUDGET, 1974: $1,395,240,000
 

119
 
MISSOURI STATE COUNCIL
 

ON THE ARTS
 

727 North First Place
 

St. Louis, Missouri 63102
 

(314) 241-7900
 

STATE POPULATION: 4,777,000
 

FOUNDED: 1962
 

CHAIRMAN: Rosalyn Kling
 

DEPUTY DIRECTOR: Mary DeHahn
 

STAFF: 5 fulltime, Executive Director appointed by Council
 

COUNCIL: 15 members appointed by Governor, Chairman appointed
 

by Governor
 

COMMITTEES: 2 - personnel, planning and policy
 

ADVISORY PANELS: 6 - dance, film, music, theatre, visual
 

arts, educational enrichment
 

ASSOCIATED FOUNDATION: None
 

INTRASTATE RELATIONSHIPS: Community councils
 

CITIZENS ADVOCATES: Missouri Advocates for the ArtS, Committee of the Symphony Orchestra
 

REGIONAL PROGRAMS: Mid-America Arts Alliance, (Mid-State
 

Regional Ballet, 1975)
 

PROGRAM PRIORITIES:
 - Music
 

--Artists-in-residence program
 

- Poetry in the schools
 

TOTAL FUNDS, 1974: $839,837
 

LEGISLATIVE APPROPRIATION: $654,920
 

PROJECT EXPENDITURES: $746,000
 

TOTAL STATE BUDGET, 1974: $2,049,510,000
 

120
 
MONTANA ARTS COUNCIL
 

235 East Pine Street
 

Missoula, Montana 59801
 

(406) 543-8286
 

STATE POPULATION: 735,000
 

FOUNDED: 1967
 

CHAIRMAN: Maxine Blackmer
 

EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR: David E. Nelson
 

STAFF: 2 fulltime, 1 part-time, Executive Director appointed
 

by Council
 

COUNCIL: 15 members appointed by Governor, Chairman appointed
 

by Governor
 

COMMITTEES: None
 

ADVISORY PANELS: 8 - dance, drama, visual arts, special
 

projects, music, artists-in-schools in poetry, film
 

and visual arts
 

ASSOCIATED FOUNDATION: None
 

INTRASTATE RELATIONSHIPS: Community councils, Department of
 

Education, Bicentennial Commission, Montana Historical
 

Society, University
 

CITIZENS ADVOCATES: None
 

REGIONAL PROGRAMS: Federation of Rocky Mountain States, Inc.,
 

1974, (Western States Arts Foundation, 1975)
 

PROGRAM PRIORITIES:
 - Quality workshops with professional artists
 - Broad based assistance to community based arts institutions
 - Arts experiences for rural communities
 - Artists-in-Schools
 

- Surveys of small communities
 - Arts programs on Indian reservations
 

TOTAL FUNDS, 1974: $227,092
 

LEGISLATIVE APPROPRIATION: $27,550
 

PROJECT EXPENDITURES: $196,000
 

TOTAL STATE BUDGET, 1974: $476,150,000
 

121
 
NEBRASKA ARTS COUNCIL
 

8448 West Center Road
 

Omaha, Nebraska 68124
 

(402) 554-2122
 

STATE POPULATION: 1,543,000
 

FOUNDED: 1965
 

CHAIRMAN: Wallace A. Richardson
 

EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR: Robert C. Pierle
 

STAFF: 2 fulltime, 2 part-time, Executive Director appointed
 

by Council
 

COUNCIL: 15 members appointed by Governor with legislative


approval, Chairman appointed by Governor
 

COMMITTEES: 4 - executive, performing arts, visual arts,
 

finance
 

ADVISORY PANELS: 3 - performing arts, visual arts, literary
 

arts
 

ASSOCIATED FOUNDATION: Nebraska Endowment for the Arts
 

INTRASTATE RELATIONSHIPS: Community councils, Department of
 

 ̄ Education, State Office of Program Planning
 

CITIZENS ADVOCATES: None
 

REGIONAL PROGRAMS: Mid-America Arts Alliance
 

PROGRAM PRIORITIES:
 -	 Developed on a year to year basis as determined by
 

mandates of legislature
 

TOTAL FUNDS, 1974: $240,274
 

LEGISLATIVE APPROPRIATION: $35,122
 

PROJECT EXPENDITURES: $196,000
 

TOTAL STATE BUDGET, 1974: $698,260,000
 

122
 
NEVADA STATE COUNCIL
 

ON THE ARTS
 

Suite 134, Building D
 

4600 Kietzke
 

Reno, Nevada 89502
 

(702) 784-6231
 

STATE POPULATION: 573,000
 

FOUNDED: 1967
 

CHAIRMAN: Thomas Ogg
 

EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR: James Deere
 

STAFF: 1 fulltime, 1 part-time, Executive Director appointed
 

by Council
 

COUNCIL: 21 members appointed by Governor, Chairman appointed
 

by Governor
 

COMMITTEES: 4 - legislative, education, finance, policy
 

ADVISORY PANELS: None
 

ASSOCIATED FOUNDATION: None
 

INTRASTATE RELATIONSHIPS: Community councils, Department of
 

Education
 

CITIZENS ADVOCATES: Nevada Citizens for the Arts
 

REGIONAL PROGRAMS: Western States Arts Foundation
 

PROGRAM PRIORITIES:
 - Artists-in-schools
 - Community services
 

TOTAL FUNDS, 1974: $188,970
 

LEGISLATIVE APPROPRIATION: $15,122
 

PROJECT EXPENDITURES: $153,000
 

TOTAL STATE BUDGET, 1974: $420,890,000
 

123
 
NEW HAMPSHIRE COMMISSION
 

ON THE ARTS
 

40 North Main Street
 

Concord~,~.New Hampshire 03301
 

(603) 271-2789
 

STATE POPULATION: ,808,000
 

FOUNDED: 1965
 

CHAIRMAN : R. Alden Burt
 

EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR: John G. Coe
 

STAFF: 4 fulltime, Executive Director appointed by
 

Commission
 

COUNCIL: 9 members appointed by Governor, Chairman appointed
 

by Governor
 

COMMITTEE: 3 - administrative, policy, proposal
 

ADVISORY PANELS: 5 - education, theatre, music, visual arts,
 

public relation
 

ASSOCIATED FOUNDATION: None
 

INTRASTATE RELATIONSHIPS: Community councils, Department of
 

Education
 

CITIZENS ADVOCATES: None
 

REGIONAL PROGRAMS: New England Regional Committee
 

PROGRAM PRIORITIES:
 - Institutional development
 

- Technical assistance
 - Educational programs
 - Special projects
 

TOTAL FUNDS, 1974: $244,412
 

LEGISLATIVE APPROPRIATION: $45,679
 

PROJECT EXPENDITURES: $201,000
 

TOTAL STATE BUDGET, 1974: $432,159,000
 

124
 
NEW	 JERSEY COUNCIL
 

ON THE ARTS
 

109 West State Street
 

Trenton, New Jersey 08625
 

(609) 292-6130
 

STATE POPULATION: 7,330,000
 

FOUNDED: 1966
 

CHAIRMAN: Barbara Furst
 

EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR: Vacant
 

STAFF: 6 fulltime, 1 part-time, Executive Director appointed
 

by Council
 

COUNCIL: 15 members appointed by Governor with consent of
 

State Senate, Chairman appointed by Council
 

COMMITTEES: 6 - budget, grants, personnel, community relations,
 

artists-in-schools, exhibits
 

ADVISORY PANELS: 2 - grants, artists-in-schools
 

ASSOCIATED FOUNDATION: None
 

INTRASTATE RELATIONSHIPS: Community councils, Department of
 

Education, Bicentennial Commission
 

CITIZENS ADVOCATES: None
 

REGIONAL PROGRAMS: None
 

PROGRAM PRIORITIES:
 

- Grants Program
 - Artists-in-schools program
 

- Technical assistance
 - Touring exhibits
 - Internships
 

- State concert series
 

TOTAL FUNDS, 1974: $901,482
 

LEGISLATIVE APPROPRIATION: $698,932
 

PROJECT EXPENDITURES: $872,000
 

TOTAL STATE BUDGET, 1974: $4,389,803,000
 

125
 
NEW MEXICO ARTS COMMISSION
 

113 Lincoln Avenue
 

Santa Fe, New Mexico 86501
 

(505) 827-2061
 

STATE POPULATION: 1,122,000
 

FOUNDED: 1965
 

CHAIRMAN: Helen Azar
 

EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR: Bernard Lopez
 

STAFF: 4 fulltime0 1 part-time, Executive Director appointed
 

by Commission and approved by Governor
 

COUNCIL: 15 members appointed by Governor, Chairman elected
 

by Commission
 

COMMITTEES: 5 - by-laws, exhibits, finance-budget, funding
 

policy, legislative
 

ADVISORY PANELS: 9 - architecture and environment, crafts,
 

dance, literature, multi-media, music, public media,
 

theatre, visual arts
 

ASSOCIATED FOUNDATION: None
 

INTRASTATE RELATIONSHIPS: Community councils
 

CITIZENS ADVOCATES: Advocates for the Arts, Alliance for
 

the Arts, New Mexico Art Education Council
 

REGIONAL PROGRAMS: Western States Arts Foundation
 

PROGRAM PRIORITIES:
 - Artists-in-schools
 - Craftsman specialists program
 

- Community arts development
 - Arts information services
 

TOTAL FUNDS, 1974: $244,295
 

LEGISLATIVE APPROPRIATION: $45,300
 

PROJECT EXPENDITURES: $184,000
 

?OTAL STATE BUDGET, 1974: $795,143,000
 

126
 
 

 

 

 

NEW 	 YORK STATE COUNCIL
 

ON THE ARTS
 

80 Centre Street
 

New York, New York 10013
 

(212) 488-3642
 

STATE POPULATION: 18,111,000
 

FOUNDED:	 1960
 

CHAIRMAN: Kitty Carlisle Hart
 

EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR: Robert A. Mayer
 

STAFF: 80 fulltime, 2 part-time, Executive Director appointed
 

by Council
 

COUNCIL: 15 members and 1 honorary appointed by Governor and
 

confirmed by State Senate, Chairman is appointed by
 

Governor and confirmed by State Senate
 

COMMITTEES: 8 - executive, performing arts, visual arts,
 

special programs, film, tv/media, literature, arts service
 

organizations
 

ADVISORY PANELS: 9 - music, theatre, dance, museums and historic
 

societies, architecture and environmental arts, film, tv/
 

media and literature, visual arts-community projects,
 

special programs
 

ASSOCIATED FOUNDATION: New York State Foundation for the Arts
 

INTRASTATE RELATIONSHIPS: Community Councils, Department of
 

Education, New York State Board of Historic Preservation
 

CITIZENS ADVOCATES: Concerned Citizens for the Arts in New York
 

REGIONAL PROGRAMS: New England Regional Committee
 

PROGRAM PRIORITIES:
 - To maintain quality in threatened institutions
 - To achieve a fair distribution of resources throughout
 

the State and to assure their accessibility throughout
 

the State
 - To nurture and develop the art forms
 

- To advance art forms and the public’s awareness of them
 

TOTAL FUNDS, 1974: $16,601,000
 

LEGISLATIVE APPROPRIATION: $160445,000
 

PROJECT EXPENDITURES: $15,146,000
 

TOTAL STATE BUDGET, 1974: $15,453,285,000
 

127
 
 

NORTH CAROLINA ARTS COUNCIL
 

North Carolina Department of Cultural Resources
 

407 N. Person Street
 

Raleigh, North Carolina 27611
 

(919) 733-7897
 

STATE POPULATION: 5,363,000
 

FOUNDED: 1964
 

CHAIRMAN: H. Martin Lancaster
 

EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR: Mary Regart
 

STAFF: 5 fulltime, Executive Director appointed by Department
 

of Cultural Resources
 

COUNCIL: 24 members appointed by Governor, Chairman appointed
 

by Governor
 

COMMITTEES: 2 - executive, planning
 

ADVISORY PANELS: 1 - literary
 

ASSOCIATED FOUNDATION: None
 

INTRASTATE RELATIONSHIPS: Community councils, Departments of
 

Education and Community Colleges
 

CITIZENS ADVOCATES: None
 

REGIONAL PROGRAMS: Southern Federation of State Arts Agencies,
 

1974
 

PROGRAM PRIORITIES:
 - Artists-in-schools
 

- Conferences
 - Consultation service
 - Dance residencies
 - Summer intern program
 

- Community development program
 - Poetry readings
 

- Television and radio commercials
 - Visiting artists program
 - Grants program: general literary, local government
 

and salary assistance
 

TOTAL FUNDS, 1974: $445,048
 

LEGISLATIVE APPROPRIATION: $2210231
 

PROJECT EXPENDITURES: $374,000
 

TOTAL STATE BUDGET, 1974: $2,721,667,000
 

128
 
NORTH DAKOTA COUNCIL ON THE
 

ARTS AND HUMANITIES
 

309-D Minard Hall
 

North Dakota State University
 

Fargo, North Dakota 58102
 

(701) 237-7674
 

STATE POPULATION: 637,000
 

FOUNDED: 1967
 

CHAIRMAN: John Hove
 

EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR: Glenn Scott
 

STAFF: 2 part-time, including Executive Director appointed
 

by Council
 

COUNCIL: 15 members appointed by Governor and approved by
 

State Senate, Chairman appointed by Governor
 

COMMITTEES: 1 - program director
 

ADVISORY PANELS: None
 

ASSOCIATED FOUNDATION: None
 

INTRASTATE RELATIONSHIPS: Community councils, Bicentennial
 

Commission
 

CITIZENS ADVOCATES: None
 

REGIONAL PROGRAMS: Upper Midwest Regional Arts Council
 

PROGRAM PRIORITIES:
 - Cultural resources development
 - Availability of artistic resources
 

- Advancement of State’s cultural legacy
 

TOTAL FUNDS, 1974: $179,100
 

LEGISLATIVE APPROPRIATION: $5,100
 

PROJECT EXPENDITURES: $173,000
 

TOTAL STATE BUDGET, 1974: $435,020,000
 

129
 
 

 

 

OHIO ARTS COUNCIL .....
 

50 West Broad Street
 

Columbus, Ohio 42315
 

(614) 466-2613
 

STATE POPULATION: 10,737,000
 

FOUNDED: 1965
 

CHAIRMAN: John Henle
 

ACTING DIRECTOR: Wayne P. Lawson
 

STAFF: 9 fulltime, Executive Director appointed by Council
 

COUNCIL: 15 members appointed by Governor, Chairman appointed
 

by Governor
 

COMMITTEES: 4 - executive, staff liaison, public relations,
 

goals and criteria
 

ADVISORY PANELS: 7 - music, visual arts, film, theatre, dance,
 

architecture and environmental arts, literature
 

ASSOCIATED FOUNDATION: None
 

INTRASTATE RELATIONSHIPS: Community councils, Department of
 

Education, Ohio Historic Site Preservation Board, Ohio
 

Bicentennial Commission
 

CITIZENS ADVOCATES: None
 

REGIONAL PROGRAMS: Federation of Central State Arts Agencies,
 

1974
 

PROGRAM PRIORITIES:
 - To preserve existing arts resources of the State
 - To share the arts with greatest number of people
 - To develop appreciation of the arts among all ages, and
 

to educate the people of the State in the arts
 

- To encourage aesthetic improvement of man-made environment
 - To promote and strengthen grass roots and inner city
 

programs
 - To aid innovative programs
 - To assist individual artists
 

TOTAL FUNDS, 1974: $1,084,075
 

LEGISLATIVE APPROPRIATION: $849,847
 

PROJECT EXPENDITURES: $929,000
 

TOTAL STATE BUDGET, 1974: $5,620,383,000
 

130
 
OKLAHOMA ARTS AND HUMANITIES
 

COUNCIL
 

Jim Thorpe Building
 

2101 North Lincoln Boulevard
 

Oklahoma City, Oklahoma 73105
 

(405) 521-2931
 

STATE POPULATION: 2,709,000
 

FOUNDED: 1965
 

CHAIRMAN: Jon B. Wagner
 

EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR: Ben DiSalvo
 

STAFF: 6 fulltime0 Executive Director appointed by Council
 

COUNCIL: 15 members appointed by Governor and approved by
 

State Senate, Chairman appointed by the Council
 

COMMITTEES: 4 - finance, personnel, executive, nominating
 

ADVISORY PANELS: 8 - theatre, dance, education, crafts,
 

visual arts, public media, literary art, film
 

ASSOCIATED FOUNDATION: None
 

INTRASTATE RELATIONSHIPS: Community councils, Department of
 

Education
 

CITIZENS ADVOCATES: None
 

REGIONAL PROGRAMS: Mid-America Arts Alliance, 1975
 

PROGRAM PRIORITIES:
 - Grants to communities and organizations
 

- Technical assistance
 - Consultative services
 

TOTAL FUNDS, 1974: $315,925
 

LEGISLATIVE APPROPRIATION: $95,100
 

PROJECT EXPENDITURES: $141,000
 

TOTAL STATE BUDGET, 1974: $1,479,637,000
 

131
 
OREGON ARTS COMMISSION
 

835 Summer Street, N.E.
 

Salem, Oregon 97301
 

(503) 378-3625
 

STATE POPULATION: 2,266,000
 

FOUNDED: 1967
 

CHAIRMAN: Peter Koehler
 

EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR: Peter Hero
 

STAFF: 4 fulltime0 Executive Director appointed by Commission
 

COUNCIL: 7 members appointed by Governor, Chairman elected
 

by Commission
 

COMMITTEES: ad hoc
 

ADVISORY PANELS: None
 

ASSOCIATED FOUNDATION: Oregon Arts Foundation
 

INTRASTATE RELATIONSHIPS: Community councils, Department of
 

Education, Capital Planning Council
 

CITIZENS ADVOCATES: Arts in Oregon Council, Percent for Art
 

in Oregon
 

REGIONAL PROGRAMS: Western State Arts FoundatiLon
 

PROGRAM PRIORITIES:
 - Social service programs
 

- Community development
 - Support to major institutions
 

TOTAL FUNDS, 1974: $271,713
 

LEGISLATIVE APPROPRIATION: $54,563
 

PROJECT EXPENDITURES: $207,000
 

TOTAL STATE BUDGET, 1974: $1,504,609,000
 

132
 
 

C O M M O N W E A L TH O F P E N N S Y L V A N I A
 

COUNCIL ON THE ARTS
 

2001 North Front Street
 

Harrisburg, Pennsylvania 17102
 

(717) 787-6883
 

STATE POPULATION: 11,835,000
 

FOUNDED: 1966
 

CHAIRMAN: Hiram R. Hershey
 

EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR: Otis B. Morse
 

STAFF: ll fulltime0 Executive Director appointed by Council
 

COUNCIL: 19 members appointed by Governor with consent of
 

State Senate, Chairman appointed by Governor
 

COMMITTEES: 2 - budget and finance, executive
 

ADVISORY PANELS: 6 - crafts, community arts, dance, music,
 

theatre, visual arts
 

ASSOCIATED FOUNDATION: None
 

INTRASTATE RELATIONSHIPS: Community councils, Department
 

of Education
 

CITIZENS ADVOCATES: None
 

REGIONAL PROGRAMS: None
 

PROGRAM PRIORITIES:
 - Council initiated programs: arts in schools, dance
 

touring program, labor of the arts
 - Encourage arts operations and art independents throughout the State
 

TOTAL FUNDS, 1974: $1,063,927
 

LEGISLATIVE APPROPRIATION: $758,000
 

PROJECT EXPENDITURES: $858,000
 

TOTAL STATE BUDGET, 1974: $8,056,510,000
 

133
 
 

 

INSTITUTE OF
 

PUERTO RI CAN CULTURE
 

Apartado Postal 4184
 

San Juan, Puerto Rico 00905
 

(809) 723-2115
 

TERRITORY POPULATION:
 

FOUNDED: 1955
 

CHAIRMAN: Carlos Sanz
 

EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR: Luis M. Rodrigues Morales
 

STAFF: 22 fulltime, 7 part-time, Executive Director appointed
 

by Institute
 

COUNCIL: 7 members appointed by Governor, Chairman appointed
 

by Governor and approved by Legislature
 

COMMITTEES: ad hoc
 

ADVISORY PANELS: 4 - historical monuments, plastic arts,
 

publications, archives
 

ASSOCIATED FOUNDATION: None
 

INTRASTATE RELATIONSHIPS: Community councils, Department of
 

Education, Institute of Cinematographic Arts and Sciences
 

CITIZENS ADVOCATES: Ateneo Puertoriqueno
 

REGIONAL PROGRAMS: None
 

PROGRAM PRIORITIES:
 

- Music - Archives and libraries
 - Cultural promotion - Historic Preservation
 - Popular arts - Publications
 - Theatre or - Historical and Archeological


representative arts investigation
 - Plastic arts - Museums
 

TOTAL FUNDS, 1974: $3,012,167
 

PROJECT EXPENDITURES:
 $2,065,000
 

LEGISLATIVE APPROPRIATION: $2,753,267
 

134
 
 

RHODE ISLAND STATE
 

COUNCIL ON THE ARTS
 

334 Westminister Mall
 

Providence, Rhode Island 02903
 

(401) 277-3880
 

STATE POPULATION: 937,000
 

FOUNDED: 1967
 

CHAIRMAN: Donald J. Aldrich
 

EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR: Robin Berry
 

STAFF: 7 fulltime, 5 part-time, Executive Director appointed
 

by Council
 

COUNCIL: 9 members appointed by Governor with the consent of
 

the State Senate, Chairman appointed by Council
 

COMMITTEES: None
 

ADVISORY PANELS: 2 - individual artists grants and awards,
 

art and music
 

ASSOCIATED FOUNDATION: None
 

INTRASTATE RELATIONSHIPS: Community councils, Bicentennial
 

Task Force, Department of Corrections
 

CITIZENS ADVOCATES: None
 

REGIONAL PROGRAMS: New England Regional Committee
 

PROGRAM PRIORITIES:
 - Project and touring grants to institutions
 - Community "out-reach" programs
 - Programs for individual artists
 - Ticket endowment
 - Operating grants to organizations
 

TOTAL FUNDS, 1974: $418,412
 

LEGISLATIVE APPROPRIATION: $126,231
 

PROJECT EXPENDITURES: $372,000
 

TOTAL STATE BUDGET, 1974: $658,751,000
 

135
 
 

 

SOUTH CAROLINA ARTS
 

COMMISSION
 

829 Richland Street
 

Columbia, South Carolina 29201
 

(803) 758-3442
 

STATE POPULATION: 2,784,000
 

FOUNDED: 1967
 

CHAIRMAN: Kenneth R. Brown
 

EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR: Rick George
 

STAFF: 14 fulltime, 1 part-time, Executive Director appointed by Commission
 

COUNCIL: 9 members appointed by Governor approved by State
 

Senate, chairman appointed by Commission
 

COMMITTEES: None
 

ADVISORY PANELS: 3 - arts and education, contemporary arts,


professional arts development
 

ASSOCIATED FOUNDATION: South Carolina Arts Foundation
 

INTRASTATE RELATIONSHIPS: Community councils, Recreation
 

Advisory Committee, Cultural Complex Steering Committee,
 

Commission of Aging, ETV, Agricultural Extension Service,
 

Departments of Education, Corrections
 

CITIZENS ADVOCATES: None
 

REGIONAL PROGRAMS: Southern Federation of State Arts Agencies
 

PROGRAM PRIORITIES:
 - To encourage the study and presentation of the performing and fine arts throughout the State and public participation therein
 - To conduct studies of institutions engaged in artistic
 

or cultural activities
 - To encourage interest in the cultural heritage of the
 

State
 

TOTAL FUNDS, 1974: $713,755
 

LEGISLATIVE APPROPRIATION: $360,896
 

PROJECT EXPENDITURES: $492,000
 

TOTAL STATE BUDGET, 1974: $1,614,096,000
 

136
 
 

 

SOUTH DAKOTA STATE FINE ARTS
 

COUNCIL
 

108 West llth Street
 

Sioux Falls, South Dakota 57102
 

(605) 339-6646
 

STATE POPULATION : 682,000
 

F OUNDED : 1967
 

CHAIRMAN : Wayne Knutson
 

EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR: charlotte Carver
 

STAFF: 2 fulltime, 2 part-time, Executive Director appointed by Council
 

COUNCIL: 15 members appointed by Governor, chairman appointed by Governor
 

COMMITTEES: 2 - executive, ad hoc
 

ADVISORY PANELS: None
 

ASSOCIATED FOUNDATION: None (South Dakota Fine Arts Foundation, Inc., founded in 1976)
 

INTRASTATE RELATIONSHIPS: Community councils, Department of
 

Education
 

CITIZENS ADVOCATES: None
 

REGIONAL PROGRAMS: Upper Midwest Regional Arts Council
 

PROGRAM PRIORITIES:
 - To promote and give assistance to the fine arts
 - To conduct research and plan for deve!opment of fine
 

arts
 - To coordinate activities of Federa!, State and local
 

government’s and the State’s institutions in relation
 

to the fine arts
 

TOTAL FUNDS, 1974: $265,032
 

LEGISLATIVE APPROPRIATION: $61,702
 

PROJECT EXPENDITURES: $204,000
 

TOTAL STATE BUDGET, 1974: $363,583,000
 

137
 
 

 

TENNESSEE ARTS COMMISSION
 

222 capital Hill Building
 

Nashville, Tennessee 37219
 

(615) 741-1701
 

STATE POPULATION: 4,129,000
 

FOUNDED: 1965
 

CHAIRMAN: Marilyn Bullock
 

EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR: J. Thomas Bacchetti
 

STAFF: 27 fulltime, 3 part-time, Executive Director appointed by Commission
 

COUNCIL: 15 members appointed by Governor, chairman elected


by Commission "
 

COMMITTEES: 7 - executive, awards, education, finance,
 

nominating, long-range planning, policies and procedure
 

ADVISORY PANELS: 13 - communication arts, coordinated arts,
 

dance, film, music, folk arts, environmental design,
 

literary arts, opera, symphony, theatre, visual arts,
 

youth arts
 

ASSOCIATED FOUNDATION: None
 

INTRASTATE RELATIONSHIPS: Community councils, Departments of
 

Education, Conservation, Public Works, Personnel and Economic and Community Development, American Revolution
 

Bicentennial Commission
 

CITIZENS ADVOCATES: Tennessee Alliance of the Arts, Tennessee Performing Arts Foundation
 

REGIONAL PROGRAMS: Southern Federation of State Arts Agencies, 1975
 

PROGRAM PRIORITIES:
 - Development of the State’s cultural resources
 

- Creation of program divisions to serve specific local
 

and state-wide needs
 

TOTAL FUNDS, 1974: $544,752
 

LEGISLATIVE APPROPRIATION: $312,500
 

PROJECT EXPENDITURES : $ 393,000
 

TOTAL STATE BUDGET, 1974: $1,910,i17,000
 

138
 
 

TEXAS COMMISSION-ON THE
 

ARTS AND HUMANITIES
 

P.O. Box 13406, capital Station
 

Austin, Texas 78711
 

(512) 475-6593
 

STATE POPULATION : 12,050,000
 

FOUNDED: 1965
 

CHAIRMAN : George S. Heyer, Jr.
 

EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR: vacant
 

STAFF: 8 fulltime, 3 part-time, Executive Director appointed by Commission
 

COUNCIL: 18 members appointed by Governor and approved by
 

State Senate, chairman elected by Commission
 

COMMITTEES: 4 - executive, budget, grant applications,
 

Governor’s Mansion
 

ADVISORY PANELS: 9 - architecture, dance, education, humanities, music, literature, public media, theatre, visual
 

arts
 

ASSOCIATED FOUNDATION: None
 

INTRASTATE RELATIONSHIPS: Community councils, Texas Tourist
 

Development Agency
 

CITIZENS ADVOCATES: Texas Arts Alliance
 

REGIONAL PROGRAMS: None
 

PROGRAM PRIORITIES:
 - Grants for training programs, community resource development and special projects
 - Staff services
 - Artists-in-schools program
 

TOTAL FUNDS, 1974: $747,140
 

LEGISLATIVE APPROPRIATION: $157,345
 

PROJECT EXPENDITURES: $665,000
 

TOTAL STATE BUDGET, 1974: $5,027,016,000
 

139
 
 

UTAH STATE DIVISION
 

OF FINE ARTS
 

617 East South Temple Street
 

Salt Lake City, Utah 84102
 

(801) 533-5895
 

STATE POPULATION: i, 173,000
 

FOUNDED: 1899
 

CHAIRMAN: Connie Jo M. Hepworth
 

DIRECTOR: Ruth Draper
 

STAFF: 3 fulltime, Director appointed by Governor
 

COUNCIL: 13 members appointed by Governor and approved by
 

State Senate, Chairman appointed by Division
 

COMMITTEES: 6 - visua! arts, dance, theatre, music, literature, environmental design
 

ADVISORY PANELS: 6 - visual arts, dance, theatre, music,
 

literature, environmental design
 

ASSOCIATED FOUNDATION: None
 

INTRASTATE RELATIONSHIPS: Community councils, Department of


Education
 

CITIZENS ADVOCATES; None
 

REGIONAL PROGRAMS: Rocky Mountain Federation, 1974 (Western
 

States Arts Foundation, 1975)
 

PROGRAM PRIORITIES:
 - Support of major professional arts organizations
 

- Assistance to developing arts organizations
 - Aid to individual artists
 - Support of arts in education
 - Assistance to communities
 - Advancement of statewide interest in the arts
 

TOTAL FUNDS, 1974: $271,726
 

LEGISLATIVE APPROPRIATION: $104,026
 

PROJECT EXPENDITURES: $209,000
 

TOTAL STATE BUDGET, 1974: $745,963,000
 

140
 
 

V E R M O N T C O U N C I L O N T H E A R T S~ I N C.
 

136 State Street
 

Montpelier, Vermont 05602
 

(802) 828-3291
 

STATE POPULATION: 470,000
 

FOUNDED : 1965
 

PRESIDENT: Brian Lloyd
 

EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR: Ellen McCulloch-Lovell
 

STAFF: 5 fulitime, Executive Director appointed by Council
 

COUNCIL: 13 members, 12 elected by Council, 1 appointed by
 

Governor, President appointed by Council
 

COMMITTEES: 5 - special projects, membership, executive,
 

grants, touring artists register
 

ADVISORY PANELS: 3 - auditions for touring register,
 

governor’s awards, individual arts grants and applications
 

ASSOCIATED FOUNDATION: None
 

INTRASTATE RELATIONSHIPS: Community councils, Department of
 

Education, Bicentennial Commission, Intra-Agency Craft
 

Council
 

CITIZENS ADVOCATES: None
 

REGIONAL PROGRAMS: None
 

PROGRAM PRIORITIES:
 - Grants in aid
 - Touring arts
 - Artists-in-schools
 - Special projects
 

TOTAL FUNDS, 1974: $245,031
 

LEGISLATIVE APPROPRIATION: $52,626
 

PROJECT EXPENDITURES: $174,000
 

TOTAL STATE BUDGET~ 1974: $416,923,000
 

141
 
 

 

 

VIRGINIA COMMISSION ON THE
 

ARTS AND HUMANITIES
 

400 East Grace Street
 

Richmond, Virginia 23219
 

(804) 786-4493
 

STATE POPULATION : 4,908,000
 

FOUNDED : 1968
 

CHAIRMAN: Peter A. G. Brown
 

EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR: Jerry Haynie
 

STAFF: 3 fulltime, Executive Director appointed by Commission
 

COUNCIL: 9 members appointed by Governor, chairman appointed by Commission
 

COMMITTEES: None
 

ADVISORY PANELS: 5 - music, dance, drama, crafts, visual
 

arts
 

ASSOCIATED FOUNDATION: None
 

INTRASTATE RELATIONSHIPS: Community councils, Department of
 

Education
 

CITIZENS ADVOCATES: Alliance for Arts and Education
 

REGIONAL PROGRAMS: None
 

PROGRAM PRIORITIES:
 - Concerts for school children
 - Assistance in establishment of local and community arts
 

organizations
 

TOTAL FUNDS, 1974: $412,317
 

LEGISLATIVE APPROPRIATION: $201,705
 

PROJECT EXPENDITURES: $354,000
 

TOTAL STATE BUDGET, 1974: $2,849,198,000
 

142
 
 

 

VIRGIN ISLANDS COUNCIL
 

ON THE ARTS
 

Caravelle Arcade
 

Christianstad, St. Croix
 

U.S. Virgin Islands 00820
 

(809) 773-3075 ext. 3
 

TERRITORY POPULATION: 90,000
 

FOUNDED: 1966
 

CHAIRMAN: Rita L. Forbes
 

EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR: Stephen J. Bostic
 

STAFF: 5 fulltime, Executive Director appointed by Council
 

COUNCIL: 9 members appointed by Governor with legislative
 

consent, chairman appointed by Council
 

COMMITTEES: 1 - executive
 

ADVISORY PANELS: None
 

ASSOCIATED FOUNDATION: None
 

INTRASTATE RELATIONSHIPS: Community councils, Department of
 

Education
 

CITIZENS ADVOCATES: None
 

REGIONAL PROGRAMS : None
 

PROGRAM PRIORITIES:
 - Touring
 

- Audience Development
 - Technical assistance support
 

- Education in the arts
 - Individual support
 - Research, planning and evaluation
 

- Environmental design
 

TOTAL FUNDS, 1974: $343,167
 

LEGISLATIVE APPROPRIATION: $160,000
 

PROJECT EXPENDITURES: $268,000
 

143
 
 

WASHINGTON STATE ARTS
 

COMMISSION
 

1151 Black Lake Boulevard
 

Olympia, Washington 98504
 

(206) 753-3860
 

STATE POPULATION: 3,476,000
 

FOUNDED: 1965
 

CHAIRMAN : Mary E. Dunton
 

EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR: James L. Haseltine
 

STAFF: 7 fulltime, Executive Director appointed by Commission
 

COUNCIL: 21 members appointed by Governor, chairman appointed by Commission
 

COMMITTEES: 6 - interim, grants and awards, education,
 

cultural-recreation, legislative, visual arts
 

ADVISORY PANELS: None
 

ASSOCIATED FOUNDATION: None
 

INTRASTATE RELATIONSHIPS: Community councils, State Library,
 

University of Washington, State Parks and Recreation Commission, Departments of Education, Highways, Commerce and
 

Economic Development
 

CITIZENS ADVOCATES: Washington State Ad Hoc Committee for
 

the Arts
 

REGIONAL PROGRAMS: Western State Arts Foundation
 

PROGRAM PRIORITIES:
 - Touring performing arts - Information service
 - Community partnerships - Artists-in-schools
 - Center for creativity - Art in public places
 - Minority programs
 - Statewide services
 - Special projects - circulating exhibitions and
 - Regional programs extension services in the
 

visual arts
 

TOTAL FUNDS, 1974: $470,164
 

LEGISLATIVE APPROPRIATION: $98,415
 

PROJECT EXPENDITURES: $340,000
 

TOTAL STATE BUDGET, 1974: $2,671,746,000
 

144
 
 

 

 

WEST VIRGINIA ARTS AND
 

HUMANITIES COUNCIL
 

Science and Culture Center
 

capitol Complex
 

Charleston, West Virginia 25305
 

(304) 348-0240
 

STATE POPULATION: l, 791,000
 

FOUNDED: 1967
 

CHAIRMAN: Pat S. Papas
 

EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR: James B. Andrews
 

STAFF: 5 fulltime, 1 part-time, Executive Director appointed by Council
 

COUNCIL: 15 members appointed by Governor and approved by
 

State Senate, chairman elected by Council
 

COMMITTEES: None
 

ADVISORY PANELS: None
 

ASSOCIATED FOUNDATION: None
 

INTRASTATE RELATIONSHIPS: Community councils
 

CITIZENS ADVOCATES: None
 

REGIONAL PROGRAMS: None
 

PROGRAM PRIORITIES:
 - Community arts development
 

- Artists in residence
 - Technical assistance
 - Institutional support
 

- Commissioning programs
 - Pilot projects
 

TOTAL FUNDS, 1974: $542,280
 

LEGISLATIVE APPROPRIATION: $263,580
 

PROJECT EXPENDITURES: $505,000
 

TOTAL STATE BUDGET, 1974: $1,293,777,000
 

145
 
 

WISCONSIN ARTS BOARD
 

123 W. Washington Avenue
 

Madison, Wisconsin 53702
 

(608) 266-0190
 

STATE POPULATION: 4,566,000
 

FOUNDED: 1973
 

CHAIRMAN: Joel Skornicka
 

EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR: Jerrold Rouby
 

STAFF: 3 fulltime, Executive Director appointed by Board
 

COUNCIL: 12 members appointed by Governor and approved by
 

State Senate, Chairman elected by Board
 

COMMITTEES: 1 - executive
 

ADVISORY PANELS: 8 - environmental arts, dance, theatre,
 

music, film, visual arts, creative writing, architecture
 

ASSOCIATED FOUNDATION: Inactive
 

INTRASTATE RELATIONSHIPS: Community councils, Departments
 

of Education, Natural Resources, Local Affairs and
 

Development
 

CITIZENS ADVOCATES: None
 

REGIONAL PROGRAMS: Upper Midwest Regional Arts Council
 

PROGRAM PRIORITIES:
 - Development of community arts councils
 

- Greater support of ethnic programs
 - Development of rural participatory programs
 - Development of individual artist fellowships
 

- Greater technical support of individuals, organizations,
 

institutions
 

TOTAL FUNDS, 1974: $220,472
 

LEGISLATIVE APPROPRIATION: $42,227
 

PROJECT EXPENDITURES: $171,000
 

TOTAL STATE BUDGET, 1974: $3,223,795,000
 

146
 
 

 

 

WYOMING COUNCIL ON THE ARTS
 

200 West 25th Street
 

Cheyenne, Wyoming 82002
 

(307) 777-7742
 

STATE POPULATION: 359,000
 

F OUNDED: 1967
 

CHAIRMAN: James Boyle
 

EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR: John Butler
 

STAFF: 2 fulltime, Executive Director appointed by Council
 

COUNCIL: i0 members appointed by Governor, chairman appointed by Governor
 

COMMITTEES: None
 

ADVISORY PANELS: None
 

ASSOCIATED FOUNDATION: All Wyoming Arts Foundation
 

INTRASTATE RELATIONSHIPS: Community councils, Department of
 

Education
 

CITIZENS ADVOCATES: None
 

REGIONAL PROGRAMS: Western State Arts Foundation
 

PROGRAM PRIORITIES:
 

- To meet the cultural needs of the State
 

TOTAL FUNDS, 1974: $202,030
 

LEGISLATIVE APPROPRIATION: $12,543
 

PROJECT EXPENDITURES: $159,000
 

TOTAL STATE BUDGET, 1974: $270,990,000
 

147