# Utility FGD Design Trends

Carl Weilert & Emily Meyer, Burns & McDonnell

Table of Contents:

1 Introduction

2 Explanation of Notat ion 3 Table 1: Curre ntly Operating FGD Units in the United States

27 Figure 1: In

Ͳ Service Year of FGD Units 28 Figure 2: Wet FGD Process Type

29 Figure 3: Design SO 2 

## Removal Efficiency for Wet FGD Units

30 Figure 4: Design SO 2 

## Removal Efficiency for Semi

Ͳ Dry FGD Units

31 Figure 5: Provision fo r FGD Bypass as a Percent of the Decade 32 Figure 6: In corporation of Spare Absorber Modules as a Percent of the Decade

33 Figure 7: Ab sorber Type Used for the FGD System

34 Figure 8: Ab sorber Material of Construction for the Wet FGD System

# Introduction:

In addition to the three figures in the Power Engineering article, this document contains five additional figures and a table with information for individual units. The figures seek to highlight design trends over the decades, and the table displays all the data collected. The following page has an explanation of notation used in the table. Although most of the codes used in the EIA

Ͳ 860 data remain, some additions have been made. For example, the authors felt that although the EIA data does

not classify dry sorbent injection (DSI) or double contact flow scrubber (DCFS) they each merit their own code.
DSI is a truly [dry\ method of removing SO 2 

## from flue gas and has gained popularity over the past ten years, and although DCFS can be considered a spray type absorber, it is a unique and emerging technology.
FGD data on the absorber material of construction and the oxidation mode are no longer publically available. The
US Department of Energy (DOE) released a [Utility FGD Survey\ in 1989 with material of construction and oxidation mode for FGD units. This information was used to complete the survey when possible; however, for the remaining units the authors had to rely on the vendors of the FGD units. If the absorber material of construction and oxidation mode was not provided, the authors could not report it.
Footnotes in the table and figures are provided to identify the source of the data or to clarify the way the data is presented. If the information reported was apparent to be incorrect based on the authors_ personal knowledge of the FGD fleet, the data was corrected, and these corrections are noted with a subscript [m\.

1/34

# Explanation of Notation:

General

FGD Flue Gas Desulfurization
Y Yes
N No
NA Not Applicable
NR Not Reported



### Absorber Type

BR Jet Bubbling Reactor
CD Circulating Dry Scrubber
DCFS Double Contact Flow Scrubber
DSI Dry Sorbent Injection
PA Packed
SD Spray Dryer
SP Spray
TR Tray
VE Venturi 

### Sorbent Type

AF Alkaline fly ash
LA Lime and alkaline fly ash
LF Limestone and alkaline fly ash
LI Lime
LS Limestone
MO Magnesium oxide
SA Soda ash
SC Sodium carbonate
SL Soda liquid



### Material of Construction

CO Combination
CS Carbon Steel
FRCS Flakeglass Reinforced Resin Lined Carbon Steel
FRP Fiberglass Reinforced Plastic
NI Nickel Alloy
RLCS Rubber Lined Carbon Steel
SS Stainless Steel
TL Tile Lined 

### Unit Manufacturers

AD Allied
AL Alstom
AM American Air Filter
AP Airpol
AV Advatech
BPE Babcock Power Environmental
BW Babcock and Wilcox
CH Chiyoda
FMC FMC
HI Hitachi
HRC Hamon Research

Ͳ Cottrell
KE M W Kellogg
MHI Mitsubishi Heavy Industries
MX Marsulex
SHU Saarberg

Ͳ Holter
SI Siemens
OT Other

2/34

# Table 1: Currently Operating FGD Units in the United States*

explanation superscripts *Note that an explanation of the superscripts can be found at the end of the table on pages 25 and 26 Facility Name a Pla (O nt Code

RISPL) a FGD ID b State a Process T ype a Ab Ty sorber

pe I b A
T bsorber

ype II b Sorbent Type b In

Ͳ Service
Year b Design SO 2 Removal Efficiency b

A B Brown Generating Station 61 37 1 IN Dual Alka li SP SA 1979 85
A B Brown Generating Station 61 37 2 IN Dual Alka li SP SA 1986 90
AES Cayuga, LLC 25 35 1 NY Wet Lime stone SP LS 1995 95
AES Cayuga, LLC 25 35 2 NY Wet Lime stone SP LS 1995 95
AES Greenidge 25 27 6a NY Dry Lime e CD LI 2007 90.5
AES Somerset (Kintigh) 60 82 1 NY Wet Lime stone SP LS 1984 90
AES Westover (Goudey) 25 26 13 NY Dry Lime e CD e LI e 2008 e 98 e

Alcoa Allowance Management Inc 67 05 1 IN Wet Lime stone e SP LS 2008 98
Alcoa Allowance Management Inc 67 05 2 IN Wet Lime stone e SP LS 2008 98
Alcoa Allowance Management Inc 67 05 3 IN Wet Lime stone e SP LS 2008 98
Alcoa Allowance Management Inc 67 05 4 IN Wet Lime stone e SP LS 2008 98
Allen S King 19 15 1 MN Dry Lime SD LI 2007 90
Altavista Power Station 10 773 1 VA Dry Lime SD LA 1992 92
Altavista Power Station 10 773 2 VA Dry Lime SD LA 1992 92 Antelope Valley 64 69 FGD1 ND Dry Lime SD LA 1983 81 Antelope Valley 64 69 FGD2 ND Dry Lime SD LA 1985 81 Apache Station 16 0 2 AZ Wet Lime stone f TR LS 1979 85 Apache Station 16 0 3 AZ Wet Lime stone f TR LS 1979 85 Arapahoe 46 5 3 CO Sodium B ased DS I n SC 2003 50 Arapahoe 46 5 4 CO Sodium B ased DS I n SC 1993 50
Asheville 27 06 1 NC Wet Lime stone TR m LS 2005 97
Asheville 27 06 2 NC Wet Lime stone TR m LS 2006 97 e

B L England 23 78 2 NJ Wet Lime stone SP LS 1995 93 Bailly Generating Station 99 5 78 IN Wet Lime stone PA LS 1992 90 Barry 3 5 AL Wet Lime stone BR LS 2010 95
Belews Creek 80 42 1 NC Wet Lime stone e SP LS 2008 e 95 e

Belews Creek 80 42 2 NC Wet Lime stone e SP LS 2008 e 95 e
Big Bend 64 5 FGD1 FL Wet Lime stone TR m LS 1999 95 Big Bend 64 5 FGD4 FL Wet Lime stone SP P A LS 1985 95
Bonanza 77 90 1

Ͳ 1 UT Wet Lime stone SP LS 1986 95

3/34Facility Name a Pl (O

ant Code RISPL) a FGD ID b Nameplate Capacity c Provision for Bypass b In
S corporation of

pare Module b Manufac turer b Material of Construction Oxidation Mode

A B Brown Generating Station 61 37 1 265 N N FMC FRCS f NR
A B Brown Generating Station 61 37 2 265 N N FMC NR NR
AES Cayuga, LLC 25 35 1 155 N N SHU NR Forced e

AES Cayuga, LLC 25 35 2 167 N N SHU NR Forced e

AES Greenidge 25 27 6a 113 N N BPE CS e NA
AES Somerset (Kintigh) 60 82 1 655 Y Y AL RLCS e Forced e

AES Westover (Goudey) 25 26 13 75 NR N R BPE CS e NA
Alcoa Allowance Management Inc 67 05 1 167 N N BPE SS e Forced e

Alcoa Allowance Management Inc 67 05 2 144 N N BPE SS e Forced e

Alcoa Allowance Management Inc 67 05 3 144 N N BPE SS e Forced e

Alcoa Allowance Management Inc 67 05 4 323 N N BPE SS e NA
Allen S King 19 15 1 598 N N AL CS m NA
Altavista Power Station 10 773 1 71 p N N A L CS m NA
Altavista Power Station 10 773 2 N N AL CS m NA Antelope Valley 64 69 FGD1 435 N N R BW CS f NA Antelope Valley 64 69 FGD2 435 N Y BW CS f NA Apache Station 16 0 2 204 Y N HRC FRCS f NR Apache Station 16 0 3 204 Y N HRC FRCS f NR Arapahoe 46 5 3 4 6 N Y OT NA NA Arapahoe 46 5 4 112 N Y OT NA NA
Asheville 27 06 1 207 N N BW TL j Forced e

Asheville 27 06 2 207 NR N R BW TL j Forced e

B L England 23 78 2 163 Y N MX NR NR Bailly Generating Station 99 5 78 604 N N MHI NR Forced n
Barry 3 5 789 Y N CH FRP e Forced e

Belews Creek 80 42 1 1080 N N AL SS e Forced e

Belews Creek 80 42 2 1080 N N AL SS e Forced e
Big Bend 64 5 FGD1 891 Y N SI NR Forced n
Big Bend 64 5 FGD4 932 Y N HRC NR Forced n

Bonanza 77 90 1

Ͳ 1 500 Y Y AL SS e Forced e

4/34Facility Name a Pla (O nt Code

RISPL) a FGD ID b State a Process T ype a Ab Ty sorber

pe I b A
T bsorber

ype II b Sorbent Type b In

Ͳ Service
Year b Design SO 2 Removal Efficiency b

Boswell Energy Center 18 93 3 MN Wet Lime stone e SP e LS e 2009 d 98 e

Boswell Energy Center 18 93 AQCS2 MN Wet Lime stone e SP V E AF 1980 83.2
Bowen 70 3 1S GA Wet Lime stone e BR LS 2010 98
Bowen 70 3 2S GA Wet Lime stone e BR LS 2009 98
Bowen 70 3 3S GA Wet Lime stone e BR LS 2008 98
Bowen 70 3 4S GA Wet Lime stone e BR LS 2008 98
Brandon Shores 60 2 1 MD Wet Lime stone TR e LS e 2009 n 95 e

Brandon Shores 60 2 2 MD Wet Lime stone TR e LS e 2009 n 95 e
Brayton Point 16 19 1 MA Dry Lime SD e LI e 2008 m 90 m
Brayton Point 16 19 2 MA Dry Lime SD e LI e 2008 m 90 m

Bruce Mansfield 60 94 1 PA Wet Lime VE LI 1976 95
Bruce Mansfield 60 94 2 PA Wet Lime VE LI 1977 95
Bruce Mansfield 60 94 3 PA Wet Lime SP LI 1980 95
Brunner Island 31 40 1 PA Wet Lime stone e TR e LS e 2009 d 97 e

Brunner Island 31 40 2 PA Wet Lime stone e TR e LS e 2009 d 97 e

Bull Run 33 96 1 TN Wet Lime stone DC FS e LS 2008 98
C D McIntosh Jr Power Plant 67 6 3 FL Wet Lime stone SP LS 1982 85
Cane Run 13 63 4 KY Wet Lime SP LI 1976 85
Cane Run 13 63 5 KY Wet Lime SP LI 1978 85
Cane Run 13 63 6 KY Dual Alka li f TR LI 1979 90 Cardinal 28 28 1 OH Wet Lime stone BR LS 2008 98 Cardinal 28 28 2 OH Wet Lime stone BR LS 2007 98 Cayuga 10 01 1 IN Wet Lime stone TR m LS 2008 97 Cayuga 10 01 2 IN Wet Lime stone TR m LS 2008 97
Centralia 38 45 1 WA Wet Lime stone SP LS 2002 91
Centralia 38 45 2 WA Wet Lime stone SP LS 2001 91
Charles R Lowman d 56 1

Ͳ 2 AL Wet Lime stone BR e LS 2007 h 98
Charles R Lowman 56 3 AL Wet Lime stone SP T R LS 1980 85
Cherokee 46 9 1 CO Sodium B ased DS I n SC 1998 50
Cherokee 46 9 2 CO Sodium B ased DS I n SC 2003 50

5/34Facility Name a Pl (O

ant Code RISPL) a FGD ID b Nameplate Capacity c Provision for Bypass b In
S corporation of

pare Module b Manufac turer b Material of Constuction Oxidation Mode

Boswell Energy Center 18 93 3 365 N N HI SS e Forced e

Boswell Energy Center 18 93 AQCS2 558 Y Y AL RLCS e NR
Bowen 70 3 1S 806 Y N CH FRP e Forced e

Bowen 70 3 2S 789 Y N CH FRP e Forced e

Bowen 70 3 3S 952 Y N CH FRP e Forced e

Bowen 70 3 4S 952 Y N CH FRP e Forced e

Brandon Shores 60 2 1 685 NR N R SI TL j NR
Brandon Shores 60 2 2 685 NR N R SI TL j NR Brayton Point 16 19 1 241 NR N R SI CS m NA Brayton Point 16 19 2 241 NR N R SI CS m NA
Bruce Mansfield 60 94 1 914 N N MX FRCS f Inhibited o

Bruce Mansfield 60 94 2 914 N N MX FRCS f Inhibited o

Bruce Mansfield 60 94 3 914 N Y KE FRCS f Inhibited o

Brunner Island 31 40 1 769 NR N R SI TL j Forced e

Brunner Island 31 40 2 790 NR N R SI TL j Forced e

Bull Run 33 96 1 950 N N MHI/AV NR NR
C D McIntosh Jr Power Plant 67 6 3 364 Y N BW FRCS f Natural e

Cane Run 13 63 4 163 N N AM CO f NR
Cane Run 13 63 5 209 N N AL SS f NR
Cane Run 13 63 6 272 N N AL SS f NR Cardinal 28 28 1 615 N N CH NR NR Cardinal 28 28 2 615 N N CH NR NR Cayuga 10 01 1 531 N N BW TL j Forced e
Cayuga 10 01 2 531 N N BW TL j Forced e

Centralia 38 45 1 730 Y N AL SS e Forced e

Centralia 38 45 2 730 Y N AL SS e Forced e
Charles R Lowman d 56 1

Ͳ 2 302 Y N CH NR NR
Charles R Lowman 56 3 236 Y N AL FRCS e NR
Cherokee 46 9 1 125 N Y OT NA NA
Cherokee 46 9 2 125 N N OT NA NA

6/34Facility Name a Pla (O nt Code

RISPL) a FGD ID b State a Process T ype a Ab Ty sorber

pe I b A
T bsorber

ype II b Sorbent Type b In

Ͳ Service
Year b Design SO 2 Removal Efficiency b

Cherokee 46 9 3 CO Dry Lime SD LA 2002 85
Cherokee 46 9 4A CO Dry Lime SD LA 2003 85
Chesterfield Power Station 37 97 6 VA Wet Lime stone TR e LS 2008 97
Cheswick 82 26 1 PA Wet Lime stone n TR e LS e 2010 n 98 n

Cholla 11 3 1 AZ Wet Lime SP l LI 1973 l 90
Cholla m 11 3 2 AZ Wet Lime VE LI 1978 90
Cholla 11 3 3 AZ Wet Lime SP e LI b 2009 e 94
Cholla 11 3 4 AZ Wet Lime SP LI 2008 94
Clover Power Station 72 13 1 VA Wet Lime stone SP LS 1995 94
Clover Power Station 72 13 2 VA Wet Lime stone SP LS 1996 94
Coal Creek 60 30 1 ND Wet Lime e SP LI 1979 95
Coal Creek 60 30 2 ND Wet Lime e SP LI 1981 95
Coffeen 86 1 1 IL Wet Lime stone e SP e LS e 2009 d 99 e
Coffeen 86 1 2 IL Wet Lime stone e SP e LS e 2010 e 99 e
Cogentrix

Ͳ Hopewell 10 377 FGD1A VA Dry Lime SD LF 2008 90 Cogentrix

Ͳ Hopewell 10 377 FGD1B VA Dry Lime SD LF 2008 90 Cogentrix

Ͳ Hopewell 10 377 FGD1C VA Dry Lime SD LF 2008 90 Cogentrix

Ͳ Hopewell 10 377 FGD2A VA Dry Lime SD LF 2008 90 Cogentrix

Ͳ Hopewell 10 377 FGD2B VA Dry Lime SD LF 2008 90 Cogentrix

Ͳ Hopewell 10 377 FGD2C VA Dry Lime SD LF 2008 90 Cogentrix

Ͳ Portsmouth 10 071 FGD1A VA Dry Lime SD LF 2008 90 Cogentrix

Ͳ Portsmouth 10 071 FGD1B VA Dry Lime SD LF 2008 90 Cogentrix

Ͳ Portsmouth 10 071 FGD1C VA Dry Lime SD LF 2008 90 Cogentrix

Ͳ Portsmouth 10 071 FGD2A VA Dry Lime SD LF 2007 90 Cogentrix

Ͳ Portsmouth 10 071 FGD2B VA Dry Lime SD LF 2007 90 Cogentrix

Ͳ Portsmouth 10 071 FGD2C VA Dry Lime SD LF 2007 90
Coleman d 13 81 C KY Wet Lime stone e TR LS 2006 95 Colstrip 60 76 1 MT Wet Lime VE LA 1975 58.8 Colstrip 60 76 2 MT Wet Lime VE LA 1976 58.8 Colstrip 60 76 3 MT Wet Lime VE LA 1984 95

7/34Facility Name a Pl (O

ant Code RISPL) a FGD ID b Nameplate Capacity c Provision for Bypass b In
S corporation of

pare Module b Manufac turer b Material of Constuction Oxidation Mode

Cherokee 46 9 3 171 N N BW CS m NA
Cherokee 46 9 4A 381 N N BW CS m NA
Chesterfield Power Station 37 97 6 694 N N SI TL j NR
Cheswick 82 26 1 637 NR N R SI SS e Forced n

Cholla 11 3 1 114 N N HRC NR NR Cholla m 11 3 2 289 N Y HRC NR NR
Cholla 11 3 3 289 NR N R BPE SS e Inhibited e

Cholla 11 3 4 414 N N BPE SS e Inhibited e

Clover Power Station 72 13 1 424 Y Y AL SS e Forced e

Clover Power Station 72 13 2 424 Y Y AL SS e Forced e

Coal Creek 60 30 1 605 Y N AL SS k Natural k

Coal Creek 60 30 2 605 Y N AL SS k Natural k

Coffeen 86 1 1 389 NR N R HI FRCS e Forced e
Coffeen 86 1 2 617 NR N R HI FRCS e Forced e
Cogentrix

Ͳ Hopewell 10 377 FGD1A 57 p N N HRC CS m NA Cogentrix

Ͳ Hopewell 10 377 FGD1B N N HRC CS m NA Cogentrix

Ͳ Hopewell 10 377 FGD1C N N HRC CS m NA Cogentrix

Ͳ Hopewell 10 377 FGD2A 57 p N N HRC CS m NA Cogentrix

Ͳ Hopewell 10 377 FGD2B N N HRC CS m NA Cogentrix

Ͳ Hopewell 10 377 FGD2C N N HRC CS m NA Cogentrix

Ͳ Portsmouth 10 071 FGD1A 57 p N N HRC CS m NA Cogentrix

Ͳ Portsmouth 10 071 FGD1B N N HRC CS m NA Cogentrix

Ͳ Portsmouth 10 071 FGD1C N N HRC CS m NA Cogentrix

Ͳ Portsmouth 10 071 FGD2A 57 p N N HRC CS m NA Cogentrix

Ͳ Portsmouth 10 071 FGD2B N N HRC CS m NA Cogentrix

Ͳ Portsmouth 10 071 FGD2C N N HRC CS m NA Coleman d 13 81 C 602 Y N SI SS m NR Colstrip 60 76 1 358 N N AL FRCS f NR Colstrip 60 76 2 358 N N AL FRCS f NR Colstrip 60 76 3 778 N Y OT SS m NR

8/34Facility Name a Pla (O nt Code

RISPL) a FGD ID b State a Process T ype a Ab Ty sorber

pe I b A
T bsorber

ype II b Sorbent Type b In

Ͳ Service
Year b Design SO 2 Removal Efficiency b
Colstrip 60 76 4 MT Wet Lime VE LA 1986 95
Comanche (470) 47 0 1 CO Dry Lime SD LA 2008 94
Comanche (470) 47 0 2 CO Dry Lime SD LA 2008 94
Comanche (470) 47 0 3 CO Dry Lime SD LA 2008 94 Conemaugh 31 18 1 PA Wet Lime stone SP LS 1994 95 Conemaugh 31 18 2 PA Wet Lime stone SP LS 1995 95
Conesville 28 40 4 OH Wet Lime stone e BR LS 2009 98
Conesville 28 40 5 OH Wet Lime f SP LI 1977 89.7
Conesville 28 40 6 OH Wet Lime f SP LI 1977 89.7 Cope Station 72 10 COP1 SC Dry Lime SD LI 1996 95
Coronado Generating Station 61 77 FGD1 AZ Wet Lime stone SP LS 1979 82.5
Coronado Generating Station 61 77 FGD2 AZ Wet Lime stone SP LS 1980 82.5 Coyote 82 22 FGD1 ND Dry Lime SD LA 1981 70 Craig 60 21 C1 CO Wet Lime stone SP LS 1980 95 Craig 60 21 C2 CO Wet Lime stone SP LS 1979 95 Craig 60 21 C3 CO Dry Lime SD LI 1984 85
Crist Electric Generating Plant 64 1 1 FL Wet Lime stone BR LS 2009 95 Cromby 31 59 1 PA Magnesiu m Oxide SP MO 1982 95
Cross 13 0 1 SC Wet Lime stone SP LS 1995 90
Cross 13 0 2 SC Wet Lime stone SP LS 1983 81.4
Cross 13 0 3 SC Wet Lime stone SP LS 2007 97
Cross 13 0 4 SC Wet Lime stone SP LS 2008 97 Crystal River 62 8 4 FL Wet Lime stone TR m LS m 2010 a 97 m Crystal River 62 8 5 FL Wet Lime stone TR m LS m 2009 a 97 m

Cumberland 33 99 1 TN Wet Lime stone SP LS 1995 95
Cumberland 33 99 2 TN Wet Lime stone SP LS 1995 95
Curtis H. Stanton Energy Center 56 4 1 FL Wet Lime stone e SP LS 1987 90
Curtis H. Stanton Energy Center 56 4 2 FL Wet Lime stone e SP LS 1996 95
D B Wilson 68 23 W1 KY Wet Lime stone SP LS 1984 90
Dallman 96 3 31

Ͳ 32 IL Wet Lime stone SP m LS 2001 95

9/34Facility Name a Pl (O

ant Code RISPL) a FGD ID b Nameplate Capacity c Provision for Bypass b In
S corporation of

pare Module b Manufac turer b Material of Constuction Oxidation Mode Colstrip 60 76 4 778 N Y OT SS m NR
Comanche (470) 47 0 1 383 N N BW CS m NA
Comanche (470) 47 0 2 396 N N BW CS m NA
Comanche (470) 47 0 3 857 i N N B W CS m NA Conemaugh 31 18 1 936 N N AL TL j Forced e Conemaugh 31 18 2 936 N N AL TL j Forced e

Conesville 28 40 4 842 N N CH NR NR
Conesville 28 40 5 444 Y N SI RLCS f NR
Conesville 28 40 6 444 Y N SI RLCS f NR Cope Station 72 10 COP1 417 N N AL CS m NA
Coronado Generating Station 61 77 FGD1 411 Y Y KE FRCS f NR
Coronado Generating Station 61 77 FGD2 411 Y Y KE FRCS f NR Coyote 82 22 FGD1 450 N N AL CS f NA Craig 60 21 C1 446 N Y AL RLCS e NR Craig 60 21 C2 446 N Y AL RLCS e NR Craig 60 21 C3 446 Y Y BW CS m NA
Crist Electric Generating Plant 64 1 1 1135 Y N CH FRP e Forced e Cromby 31 59 1 188 Y Y AL NR NR
Cross 13 0 1 591 N Y MX NR Forced k

Cross 13 0 2 556 N Y AL RLCS e Forced e

Cross 13 0 3 591 N N BPE TL j Forced e

Cross 13 0 4 652 N N BPE TL j Forced e Crystal River 62 8 4 739 NR N R BW m TL j Forced m Crystal River 62 8 4 739 NR N R BW m TL j Forced m

Cumberland 33 99 1 1300 N N AL RLCS e Forced e

Cumberland 33 99 2 1300 N N AL RLCS e Forced e

Curtis H. Stanton Energy Center 56 4 1 465 Y Y AL RLCS e Forced e

Curtis H. Stanton Energy Center 56 4 2 465 Y Y AL RLCS e Forced e

D B Wilson 68 23 W1 566 N Y KE TL m NR
Dallman 96 3 31

Ͳ 32 180 Y N OT SS m NR

10/34Facility Name a Pla (O nt Code

RISPL) a FGD ID b State a Process T ype a Ab Ty sorber

pe I b A
T bsorber

ype II b Sorbent Type b In

Ͳ Service
Year b Design SO 2 Removal Efficiency b

Dallman 96 3 33 IL Wet Lime stone TR m S P LS 1980 95
Dallman 96 3 41 IL Wet Lime stone TR e LS 2009 98
Dave Johnston 41 58 SC44 WY Other VE LI 1972 60 f

Deerhaven 66 3 2 FL Dry Lime CD e LI e 2009 e 97 e
Dolet Hills Power Station 51 1 LA Wet Lime stone SP LS 1986 76
Duck Creek 60 16 1 IL Wet Lime stone e SP e LS e 2009 e 99 e

E W Brown 13 55 1

Ͳ 3 KY Wet Lime stone e SP e LS e 2010 e 98.5 e

East Bend 60 18 2 KY Wet Lime TR m LI 1981 99 Eddystone Generating Station 31 61 1 PA Magnesiu m Oxide SP MO 1982 92 Eddystone Generating Station 31 61 2 PA Magnesiu m Oxide SP MO 1982 92
Elm Road Generating Station 56 068 1 WI Wet Lime stone e SP LS 2009 98 e

Elmer Smith 13 74 FGD KY Wet Lime stone SP LS 1994 96
Elmer Smith 13 74 FGD KY Wet Lime stone SP LS 1994 96
Elrama 30 98 SCRB PA Wet Lime VE LI 1976 83
Endicott Generating 42 59 1 MI Wet Lime stone e SP LS 1983 90
Escalante 87 1 NM Wet Lime stone SP LS 1984 95
F B Culley Generating Station d 10 12 2

Ͳ 3 IN Wet Lime stone SP LS 1995 95
Fort Martin Power Station d 39 43 1 WV Wet Lime stone SP n LS e 2009 e 98 e

Fort Martin Power Station d 39 43 2 WV Wet Lime stone SP n LS e 2009 e 98 e

Four Corners Steam Elec Station 24 42 1 NM Wet Lime VE LI n 1972 94
Four Corners Steam Elec Station 24 42 2 NM Wet Lime VE LI n 1972 94
Four Corners Steam Elec Station 24 42 3 NM Wet Lime VE LI n 1972 92
Four Corners Steam Elec Station 24 42 4 NM Wet Lime TR LI e 1985 92
Four Corners Steam Elec Station 24 42 5 NM Wet Lime TR LI e 1985 92
G G Allen 27 18 1 NC Wet Lime stone SP LS 2009 d 95 e

G G Allen 27 18 2 NC Wet Lime stone SP LS 2009 d 95 e

Gen J M Gavin 81 02 1 OH Wet Lime TR m LI 1994 95
Gen J M Gavin 81 02 2 OH Wet Lime TR m LI 1995 95
Genoa 41 43 E3 WI Dry Lime SD LA 2009 d 94.9
Ghent 13 56 1 KY Wet Lime stone SP LS 1994 93

11/34Facility Name a Pl (O

ant Code RISPL) a FGD ID b Nameplate Capacity c Provision for Bypass b In
S corporation of

pare Module b Manufac turer b Material of Constuction Oxidation Mode

Dallman 96 3 33 207 N N HRC SS f Forced n

Dallman 96 3 41 280 i N N S I SS m NR
Dave Johnston 41 58 SC44 360 N N MX FRCS f NA
Deerhaven 66 3 2 251 NR N R BPE CS m NA Dolet Hills Power Station 51 1 721 Y N SI NR NR
Duck Creek 60 16 1 441 N N HI FRCS e Forced e

E W Brown 13 55 1

Ͳ 3 669 NR N R BPE TL j Forced e

East Bend 60 18 2 669 Y N BW SS f Natural e Eddystone Generating Station 31 61 1 354 Y N AL SS f NR Eddystone Generating Station 31 61 2 354 Y Y AM SS f NR
Elm Road Generating Station 56 068 1 615 i N N A L SS e Forced e

Elmer Smith 13 74 FGD 711 N N SI SS m NR
Elmer Smith 13 74 FGD 711 N N SI SS m NR
Elrama 30 98 SCRB 100 N Y MX CO f NR
Endicott Generating 42 59 1 5 5 Y N BW SS f Forced e

Escalante 87 1 257 N Y AL SS e Forced e

F B Culley Generating Station d 10 12 2

Ͳ 3 369 N N BPE NI e Forced e

Fort Martin Power Station d 39 43 1 576 NR N R BW NR Forced e

Fort Martin Power Station d 39 43 2 576 NR N R BW NR Forced e

Four Corners Steam Elec Station 24 42 1 190 N N MX FRCS f NR
Four Corners Steam Elec Station 24 42 2 190 N N MX FRCS f NR
Four Corners Steam Elec Station 24 42 3 253 N N MX FRCS f NR
Four Corners Steam Elec Station 24 42 4 818 Y Y BW SS f Inhibited e

Four Corners Steam Elec Station 24 42 5 818 Y Y BW SS f Inhibited e

G G Allen 27 18 1 605 N N AL SS e Forced e

G G Allen 27 18 1 550 N N AL SS e Forced e

Gen J M Gavin 81 02 1 1300 N Y BW SS m NR
Gen J M Gavin 81 02 2 1300 N Y BW SS m Natural e

Genoa 41 43 E3 346 N N R AL CS m NA
Ghent 13 56 1 557 N Y BPE TL j Forced e

12/34Facility Name a Pla (O nt Code

RISPL) a FGD ID b State a Process T ype a Ab Ty sorber

pe I b A
T bsorber

ype II b Sorbent Type b In

Ͳ Service
Year b Design SO 2 Removal Efficiency b

Ghent 13 56 2 KY Wet Lime stone SP LS 2009 93
Ghent 13 56 3 KY Wet Lime stone SP LS 2007 98.5
Ghent 13 56 4 KY Wet Lime stone SP LS 2008 98.5
Gibson 61 13 1 IN Wet Lime stone TR m LS 2007 97
Gibson 61 13 2 IN Wet Lime stone TR m LS 2007 97
Gibson 61 13 3 IN Wet Lime stone TR m LS 2006 97
Gibson 61 13 4 IN Wet Lime stone TR m LS 1995 92
Gibson 61 13 5 IN Wet Lime stone SP LS 1982 95 Gorgas 8 8

Ͳ 10 AL Wet Lime stone DC FS e LS 2007 h 95
Grand River Dam Authority 16 5 2 OK Dry Lime SD LA 1986 85
H L Spurlock 60 41 1 KY Wet Lime stone e SP e LS e 2009 e 96 e

H L Spurlock 60 41 2 KY Wet Lime stone e SP e LS e 2009 d 97 e

H L Spurlock 60 41 3 KY Dry Lime e CD m LA m 2005 e 85 e

H L Spurlock 60 41 4 KY Dry Lime e CD m LA e 2008 e 85 e

H W Pirkey Power Plant 79 02 1 TX Wet Lime stone SP m LS 1985 85
Hamilton Municipal Power Plant 29 17 9 OH Dry Lime SD LI 1999 83
Hardin Generating Station 55 749 SDA

Ͳ 1 MT Dry Lime SD LA 2006 92.3 Harding Street Station (EW Stout) 99 0 70 IN Wet Lime stone DC FS e LS 2007 98.1
Harrison Power Station 39 44 1 WV Wet Lime SP LI 1994 98
Harrison Power Station 39 44 2 WV Wet Lime SP LI 1994 98
Harrison Power Station 39 44 3 WV Wet Lime SP LI 1994 98
Hatfields Ferry Power Station 31 79 1 PA Wet Lime stone TR e LS e 2009 d 98 e
Hatfields Ferry Power Station 31 79 2 PA Wet Lime stone TR e LS e 2009 d 98 e
Hatfields Ferry Power Station 31 79 3 PA Wet Lime stone TR e LS e 2009 d 98 e

Hawthorn 20 79 5A MO Dry Lime SD LA 2001 94 Hayden 52 5 H1 CO Dry Lime SD LA 1998 85 Hayden 52 5 H2 CO Dry Lime SD LA 1999 85
HMP&L Station 2 d 13 82 H1 KY Wet Lime TR LI 1995 95
HMP&L Station 2 d 13 82 H2 KY Wet Lime TR LI 1995 95
Holcomb 10 8 SDA1 KS Dry Lime SD LA 1983 80

13/34Facility Name a Pl (O

ant Code RISPL) a FGD ID b Nameplate Capacity c Provision for Bypass b In
S corporation of

pare Module b Manufac turer b Material of Constuction Oxidation Mode

Ghent 13 56 2 556 N Y BW NR NR
Ghent 13 56 3 557 N N BPE TL j Forced e

Ghent 13 56 4 556 N N BPE TL j Forced e

Gibson 61 13 1 668 N N BW NR Forced e

Gibson 61 13 2 668 N N BW NR Forced e

Gibson 61 13 3 668 N N BW NR Forced e

Gibson 61 13 4 668 Y N BW NR Inhibited e

Gibson 61 13 5 668 Y N KE SS m NR Gorgas 8 8

Ͳ 10 1167 Y N MHI/AV TL j Forced e

Grand River Dam Authority 16 5 2 520 Y Y AL CS f NA
H L Spurlock 60 41 1 358 NR N R AL SS e Forced e

H L Spurlock 60 41 2 592 Y N AL SS e Forced e

H L Spurlock 60 41 3 329 NR N R AL CS m NA
H L Spurlock 60 41 4 329.4 i NR N R AL CS m NA
H W Pirkey Power Plant 79 02 1 721 Y N SI FRCS f NR
Hamilton Municipal Power Plant 29 17 9 5 1 N N AP CS m NA
Hardin Generating Station 55 749 SDA

Ͳ 1 116 N N HRC CS m NA Harding Street Station (EW Stout) 99 0 70 471 Y N MHI/AV NR NR
Harrison Power Station 39 44 1 684 Y N MX SS m NR
Harrison Power Station 39 44 2 684 Y N MX SS m NR
Harrison Power Station 39 44 3 684 Y N MX SS m NR
Hatfields Ferry Power Station 31 79 1 576 NR N R BW NR Forced e
Hatfields Ferry Power Station 31 79 2 576 NR N R BW NR Forced e
Hatfields Ferry Power Station 31 79 3 576 NR N R BW NR Forced e

Hawthorn 20 79 5A 594 N N BW CS m NA Hayden 52 5 H1 190 N N BW CS m NA Hayden 52 5 H2 275 N N BW CS m NA
HMP&L Station 2 d 13 82 H1 200 Y N SI SS m NR
HMP&L Station 2 d 13 82 H2 205 Y N SI SS m NR
Holcomb 10 8 SDA1 349 N N BW CS m NA

14/34Facility Name a Pla (O nt Code

RISPL) a FGD ID b State a Process T ype a Ab Ty sorber

pe I b A
T bsorber

ype II b Sorbent Type b In

Ͳ Service
Year b Design SO 2 Removal Efficiency b

Homer City 31 22 3 PA Wet Lime stone SP LS 2001 95 Hopewell Power Station 10 771 1 VA Dry Lime SD LA 1992 92 Hopewell Power Station 10 771 2 VA Dry Lime SD LA 1992 92
Hunter 61 65 1 UT Wet Lime SP LI 1978 80
Hunter 61 65 2 UT Wet Lime SP LI 1980 80
Hunter 61 65 3 UT Wet Lime SP LI e 1983 90 Huntington 80 69 1 UT Wet Lime SP LI 1978 80 Huntington 80 69 2 UT Wet Lime SP LI 2006 95.6 e

Iatan 60 65 2 MO Wet Lime stone e SP e LS e 2008 e 98
Intermountain 64 81 1CCC UT Wet Lime stone SP LS 1986 90
Intermountain 64 81 2CCC UT Wet Lime stone SP LS 1987 90
J B Sims 18 25 3 MI Wet Lime TR S P LI 1983 90
J K Spruce 70 97 FGD1 TX Wet Lime stone SP LS 1992 70
J M Stuart 28 50 1 OH Wet Lime stone e BR LS 2008 97
J M Stuart 28 50 2 OH Wet Lime stone e BR LS 2008 97
J M Stuart 28 50 3 OH Wet Lime stone e BR LS 2008 97
J M Stuart 28 50 4 OH Wet Lime stone e BR LS 2008 97
James H Miller Jr 60 02 2 AL Wet Lime stone DC FS e LS 2010 95
James H Miller Jr 60 02 3 AL Wet Lime stone DC FS e LS 2009 95
James H Miller Jr 60 02 4 AL Wet Lime stone DC FS e LS 2010 95 Jeffrey Energy Center 60 68 1 KS Wet Lime stone SP LS 2009 98 Jeffrey Energy Center 60 68 2 KS Wet Lime stone SP LS 2009 d 98 Jeffrey Energy Center 60 68 3 KS Wet Lime stone SP LS 2009 98
Jim Bridger 80 66 SC71 WY Wet Sodiu m Based TR SL 1990 86.4
Jim Bridger 80 66 SC72 WY Wet Sodiu m Based TR SL 1986 86.4
Jim Bridger 80 66 SC73 WY Wet Sodiu m Based TR SL 1988 86.4
Jim Bridger 80 66 SC74 WY Wet Sodiu m Based e TR SL 1979 91
John E Amos 39 35 3 WV Wet Lime stone TR LS 2009 98 Keystone 31 36 FGD1 PA Wet Lime stone e TR e LS 2009 98 Keystone 31 36 FGD2 PA Wet Lime stone e TR e LS 2009 98

15/34Facility Name a Pl (O

ant Code RISPL) a FGD ID b Nameplate Capacity c Provision for Bypass b In
S corporation of

pare Module b Manufac turer b Material of Constuction Oxidation Mode

Homer City 31 22 3 692 N N AL CO e Forced e Hopewell Power Station 10 771 1 71 p N N A L CS m NA Hopewell Power Station 10 771 2 N N AL CS m NA
Hunter 61 65 1 488 N N MX FRCS f NR
Hunter 61 65 2 488 N N MX FRCS f NR
Hunter 61 65 3 496 N N MX NR NR Huntington 80 69 1 498 Y Y MX FRCS f Forced k
Huntington 80 69 2 498 Y Y BPE SS e NR
Iatan 60 65 2 726 N N R AL SS e Forced e

Intermountain 64 81 1CCC 820 N N MX RLCS f NR
Intermountain 64 81 2CCC 820 N Y MX NR NR
J B Sims 18 25 3 8 0 N Y BW SS f Forced e

J K Spruce 70 97 FGD1 566 N Y AL SS e Forced e

J M Stuart 28 50 1 610 Y N CH NR NR
J M Stuart 28 50 2 610 Y N CH NR NR
J M Stuart 28 50 3 610 Y N CH NR NR
J M Stuart 28 50 4 610 Y N CH NR NR
James H Miller Jr 60 02 2 706 Y N MHI/AV TL j Forced e

James H Miller Jr 60 02 3 706 Y N MHI/AV TL j Forced e

James H Miller Jr 60 02 4 706 Y N MHI/AV TL j Forced e Jeffrey Energy Center 60 68 1 720 Y N AL SS e NR Jeffrey Energy Center 60 68 2 720 Y N AL SS e NR Jeffrey Energy Center 60 68 3 720 Y N AL SS e NR
Jim Bridger 80 66 SC71 578 Y N BW NR Forced e

Jim Bridger 80 66 SC72 578 Y N BW SS f Forced e

Jim Bridger 80 66 SC73 578 Y N BW NR Forced e

Jim Bridger 80 66 SC74 584 Y N SI RLCS f NR
John E Amos 39 35 3 1300 N N BW NR Forced e
Keystone 31 36 FGD1 936 N N SI SS e NR Keystone 31 36 FGD2 936 N N SI SS e NR

16/34Facility Name a Pla (O nt Code

RISPL) a FGD ID b State a Process T ype a Ab Ty sorber

pe I b A
T bsorber

ype II b Sorbent Type b In

Ͳ Service
Year b Design SO 2 Removal Efficiency b

Killen Station 60 31 2 OH Wet Lime stone e BR LS 2007 97
La Cygne 12 41 1 KS Wet Lime stone TR m LS 1973 80
Laramie River 62 04 1 WY Wet Lime stone SP LS 1980 90
Laramie River 62 04 2 WY Wet Lime stone SP LS 1981 90
Laramie River 62 04 3 WY Dry Lime SD LA 1984 85
Lawrence Energy Center 12 50 4N &4 S KS Wet Lime stone VE S P LS 1969 73
Lawrence Energy Center 12 50 5 KS Wet Lime stone VE S P LS 1971 52
Lewis & Clark 60 89 1 MT Wet Lime SP LA 1975 81
Limestone 29 8 FGD1 TX Wet Lime stone SP LS 1985 90
Limestone 29 8 FGD2 TX Wet Lime stone SP LS 1986 90
Louisa 66 64 1 IA Dry Lime SD LA 2007 90
Marion 97 6 4 IL Wet Lime stone TR m LS 1979 89.4
Marshall 27 27 1

Ͳ 2 NC Wet Lime stone e SP LS 2007 95 e

Marshall 27 27 3 NC Wet Lime stone e SP LS 2007 95 e

Marshall 27 27 4 NC Wet Lime stone e SP LS 2006 95 e

Martin Lake 61 46 1 TX Wet Lime stone TR m LS 1977 95
Martin Lake 61 46 2 TX Wet Lime stone TR m LS 1978 95
Martin Lake 61 46 3 TX Wet Lime stone TR m LS 1979 95 Mecklenburg Power Station 52 007 FGD1 VA Dry Lime SD e LA 1992 92 Mecklenburg Power Station 52 007 FGD2 VA Dry Lime SD e LA 1992 92
Merom 62 13 1FGD IN Wet Lime stone PA m LS 1983 90
Merom 62 13 2FGD IN Wet Lime stone PA m LS 1982 90
Miami Fort Generating Station 28 32 7 OH Wet Lime stone TR m LS 2007 97
Miami Fort Generating Station 28 32 8 OH Wet Lime stone TR m LS 2007 97
Mill Creek 13 64 1 KY Wet Lime stone SP LS 1981 90
Mill Creek 13 64 2 KY Wet Lime stone SP LS 1980 90
Mill Creek 13 64 3 KY Wet Lime stone SP LS 1985 90
Mill Creek 13 64 4 KY Wet Lime stone SP LS 1982 90
Milton R Young 28 23 FGD2 ND Wet Lime m SP LA 1988 e 78.9
Mirant Morgantown 15 73 1 MD Wet Lime stone e SP LS 2009 98

17/34Facility Name a Pl (O

ant Code RISPL) a FGD ID b Nameplate Capacity c Provision for Bypass b In
S corporation of

pare Module b Manufac turer b Material of Constuction Oxidation Mode

Killen Station 60 31 2 661 N N CH NR NR
La Cygne 12 41 1 893 Y N BW SS f Natural e

Laramie River 62 04 1 570 Y Y HRC SS f NR
Laramie River 62 04 2 570 Y Y HRC SS f NR
Laramie River 62 04 3 570 N Y BW CS f NA
Lawrence Energy Center 12 50 4N &4S 114 N N AL SS e NR
Lawrence Energy Center 12 50 5 403 N N AL SS e NR
Lewis & Clark 60 89 1 5 0 N N HRC NR NR
Limestone 29 8 FGD1 893 Y Y AL NI e Forced e

Limestone 29 8 FGD2 957 Y Y AL NI e Forced e

Louisa 66 64 1 812 Y N AL CS m NA
Marion 97 6 4 173 N N BW FRCS f Natural e

Marshall 27 27 1

Ͳ 2 700 N N AL SS e Forced e

Marshall 27 27 3 648 N N AL SS e Forced e

Marshall 27 27 4 648 N N AL SS e Forced e

Martin Lake 61 46 1 793 Y N HRC FRCS f NR
Martin Lake 61 46 2 793 Y N HRC FRCS f NR
Martin Lake 61 46 3 793 Y N HRC FRCS f NR Mecklenburg Power Station 52 007 FGD1 70 N N AL CS m NA Mecklenburg Power Station 52 007 FGD2 70 N N AL CS m NA
Merom 62 13 1FGD 540 Y N MHI FRCS m NR
Merom 62 13 2FGD 540 Y N MHI FRCS m NR
Miami Fort Generating Station 28 32 7 557 N N BW NR Forced e

Miami Fort Generating Station 28 32 8 558 N N BW NR Forced e

Mill Creek 13 64 1 356 N N AL SS e NR
Mill Creek 13 64 2 356 N N AL SS e NR
Mill Creek 13 64 3 463 N N AM SS m NR
Mill Creek 13 64 4 544 N N AM SS m NR
Milton R Young 28 23 FGD2 477 Y N AL TL e Forced e

Mirant Morgantown 15 73 1 626 Y N BW NR Forced e

18/34Facility Name a Pla (O nt Code

RISPL) a FGD ID b State a Process T ype a Ab Ty sorber

pe I b A
T bsorber

ype II b Sorbent Type b In

Ͳ Service
Year b Design SO 2 Removal Efficiency b

Mirant Morgantown 15 73 2 MD Wet Lime stone e SP LS 2009 98
Mirant Potomac River d 37 88 1 VA Sodium B ased n DS I n SC n 2008 n 95 n

Mirant Potomac River d 37 88 2 VA Sodium B ased n DS I n SC n 2008 n 95 n

Mirant Potomac River d 37 88 3 VA Sodium B ased n DS I n SC n 2008 n 95 n

Mirant Potomac River d 37 88 4 VA Sodium B ased n DS I n SC n 2008 n 95 n

Mirant Potomac River d 37 88 5 VA Sodium B ased n DS I n SC n 2008 n 95 n

Mitchell (WV) 39 48 1 WV Wet Lime stone TR LS 2007 98
Mitchell (WV) 39 48 2 WV Wet Lime stone TR LS 2007 98
Mitchell Power Station 31 81 33 PA Wet Lime SP LI 1982 95
Monroe 17 33 3 MI Wet Lime stone TR m LS 2009 97
Monroe 17 33 4 MI Wet Lime stone TR m LS 2009 97
Monticello 61 47 3 TX Wet Lime stone SP T R LS 1978 95
Montour 31 49 1 PA Wet Lime stone e TR e LS 2008 97
Montour 31 49 2 PA Wet Lime stone e TR e LS 2008 97
Mount Storm Power Station 39 54 1 WV Wet Lime stone SP LS 2002 95
Mount Storm Power Station 39 54 2 WV Wet Lime stone SP LS 2002 95
Mount Storm Power Station 39 54 3 WV Wet Lime stone SP LS 1995 93.5
Mountaineer (1301) 62 64 1 WV Wet Lime stone SP LS 2007 98
Muscatine 11 67 9 IA Wet Lime stone SP LS 1983 96 Naughton 41 62 3 WY Wet Sodiu m Based f TR SA e 1981 70 Navajo Generating Station 49 41 1 AZ Wet Lime stone SP LS 1999 92 Navajo Generating Station 49 41 2 AZ Wet Lime stone SP LS 1998 92 Navajo Generating Station 49 41 3 AZ Wet Lime stone SP LS 1997 92
Nebraska City Station 60 96 2 NE Dry Lime SD LI 2009 95
Neil Simpson II 75 04 2 WY Dry Lime CD l LI l 1995 l 98 l

Niles d 28 61 1 OH Wet Lime stone SP LS 1995 95 e

North Valmy 82 24 2 NV Dry Lime SD LI 1985 70
Northside 66 7 1 FL Dry Lime SD e LF 2002 85
Northside 66 7 2 FL Dry Lime SD e LF 2002 85
Oak Grove 61 80 1 TX Wet Lime stone SP P A LS 2009 98

19/34Facility Name a Pl (O

ant Code RISPL) a FGD ID b Nameplate Capacity c Provision for Bypass b In
S corporation of

pare Module b Manufac turer b Material of Constuction Oxidation Mode

Mirant Morgantown 15 73 2 626 Y N BW NR Forced e

Mirant Potomac River d 37 88 1 9 2 NR N R NR NA NA
Mirant Potomac River d 37 88 2 9 2 NR N R NR NA NA
Mirant Potomac River d 37 88 3 110 NR N R NR NA NA
Mirant Potomac River d 37 88 4 110 NR N R NR NA NA
Mirant Potomac River d 37 88 5 110 NR N R NR NA NA
Mitchell (WV) 39 48 1 816 N N BW NR Forced e

Mitchell (WV) 39 48 2 816 N N BW NR Forced e

Mitchell Power Station 31 81 33 299 N Y MX FRCS f NR
Monroe 17 33 3 823 N N BW TL j Forced e

Monroe 17 33 4 817 N N BW TL j Forced e

Monticello 61 47 3 793 Y N MX FRCS f NR
Montour 31 49 1 806 N N SI TL j NR
Montour 31 49 2 819 N N SI TL j NR
Mount Storm Power Station 39 54 1 570 Y N MX TL j NR
Mount Storm Power Station 39 54 2 570 Y N MX TL j NR
Mount Storm Power Station 39 54 3 522 Y N MX SS m NR
Mountaineer (1301) 62 64 1 1300 N N AL SS e Forced e

Muscatine 11 67 9 176 Y Y HRC SS f NR Naughton 41 62 3 326 Y N SI NR NR Navajo Generating Station 49 41 1 803 Y N AL NI e Forced e
Navajo Generating Station 49 41 2 803 Y N AL NI e Forced e
Navajo Generating Station 49 41 3 803 Y N AL NI e Forced e

Nebraska City Station 60 96 2 652 N N AL CS m NA
Neil Simpson II 75 04 2 8 0 N N AD m CS e NA Niles d 28 61 1 139 Y N AL FRCS e Forced e

North Valmy 82 24 2 290 Y N AL CS m NA
Northside 66 7 1 298 Y N SI CS m NA
Northside 66 7 2 298 Y N SI CS m NA
Oak Grove 61 80 1 801 i N N BPE SS e Forced e

20/34Facility Name a Pla (O nt Code

RISPL) a FGD ID b State a Process T ype a Ab Ty sorber

pe I b A
T bsorber

ype II b Sorbent Type b In

Ͳ Service
Year b Design SO 2 Removal Efficiency b

Oklaunion Power Station 12 7 1 TX Wet Lime stone SP LS 1986 86.8
Paradise 13 78 1 KY Wet Lime stone SP V E e LS 1983 84.2
Paradise 13 78 2 KY Wet Lime stone SP V E e LS 1983 84.2
Paradise 13 78 3 KY Wet Lime stone DC FS e LS 2006 98 e Petersburg 99 4 1 IN Wet Lime stone SP LS 1996 95 Petersburg 99 4 2 IN Wet Lime stone SP LS 1996 95 Petersburg 99 4 3 IN Wet Lime stone TR LS 1977 85 Petersburg 99 4 4 IN Wet Lime stone SP LS 1986 95
Pleasant Prairie 61 70 1 WI Wet Lime stone TR e LS 2006 95
Pleasant Prairie 61 70 2 WI Wet Lime stone TR e LS 2007 95
Pleasants Power Station 60 04 1 WV Wet Lime TR LI 1979 90
Pleasants Power Station 60 04 2 WV Wet Lime TR LI 1980 90
R D Green 66 39 G1 KY Wet Lime SP LI 1979 90
R D Green 66 39 G2 KY Wet Lime SP LI 1981 90
R D Morrow Senior Generating Plant 60 61 1 MS Wet Lime stone SP LS 1978 52.7
R D Morrow Senior Generating Plant 60 61 2 MS Wet Lime stone SP LS 1979 52.7
R M Schahfer Generating Station 60 85 17 IN Wet Lime stone TR m LS 1983 90
R M Schahfer Generating Station 60 85 18 IN Wet Lime stone TR m LS 1986 90
Rawhide Energy Station 67 61 101 CO Dry Lime SD LA 1984 80
Reid Gardner 23 24 1 NV Wet Sodiu m Based f VE SC 1974 90.5
Reid Gardner 23 24 2 NV Wet Sodiu m Based f VE SC 1974 90.5
Reid Gardner 23 24 3 NV Wet Sodiu m Based f VE SC 1976 90.5
Reid Gardner 23 24 4 NV Wet Sodiu m Based f SP SC 1983 85
Roxboro 27 12 1 NC Wet Lime stone o TR o LS 2008 97 e

Roxboro 27 12 2 NC Wet Lime stone o TR o LS 2008 g 97 e

Roxboro 27 12 3 NC Wet Lime stone TR o LS 2008 97 e

Roxboro 27 12 4 NC Wet Lime stone TR o LS 2008 g 97 e

Sam Seymour 61 79 3 TX Wet Lime stone SP LS 1988 90
San Juan 24 51 1 NM Wet Lime stone TR m LS 1998 90
San Juan 24 51 2 NM Wet Lime stone TR m LS 1998 90 e

21/34Facility Name a Pl (O

ant Code RISPL) a FGD ID b Nameplate Capacity c Provision for Bypass b In
S corporation of

pare Module b Manufac turer b Material of Constuction Oxidation Mode

Oklaunion Power Station 12 7 1 720 Y Y MX NR NR
Paradise 13 78 1 704 N Y MX SS f NR
Paradise 13 78 2 704 N Y MX SS f NR
Paradise 13 78 3 1150 Y N R MHI/AV NR NR Petersburg 99 4 1 253 Y N MX SS m NR Petersburg 99 4 2 471 Y N MX SS m NR Petersburg 99 4 3 574 Y N SI RLCS f NR Petersburg 99 4 4 574 Y N HRC NR NR
Pleasant Prairie 61 70 1 617 N N SI SS e Forced o

Pleasant Prairie 61 70 2 617 N N SI SS e Forced o

Pleasants Power Station 60 04 1 684 N N BW RLCS f Natural e

Pleasants Power Station 60 04 2 684 N N BW RLCS f Natural e

R D Green 66 39 G1 293 N Y AM FRCS f NR
R D Green 66 39 G2 293 Y N AM FRCS f NR
R D Morrow Senior Generating Plant 60 61 1 200 Y N RS CO f NR
R D Morrow Senior Generating Plant 60 61 2 200 Y N RS CO f NR
R M Schahfer Generating Station 60 85 17 424 N Y FMC NR NR
R M Schahfer Generating Station 60 85 18 424 N Y FMC NR NR
Rawhide Energy Station 67 61 101 294 Y Y BW CS f NA
Reid Gardner 23 24 1 114 Y N AL RLCS f NR
Reid Gardner 23 24 2 114 Y N AL RLCS f NR
Reid Gardner 23 24 3 114 Y N AL RLCS f NR
Reid Gardner 23 24 4 295 Y Y AL NR NR
Roxboro 27 12 1 411 NR N R BW NR Forced e

Roxboro 27 12 2 657 NR N R BW TL j Forced e

Roxboro 27 12 3 745 NR N R BW TL j Forced e

Roxboro 27 12 4 745 NR N R BW TL j Forced e

Sam Seymour 61 79 3 460 Y Y AL NR NR
San Juan 24 51 1 369 N N BW NR Forced e

San Juan 24 51 2 369 N N BW NR Forced e

22/34Facility Name a Pla (O nt Code

RISPL) a FGD ID b State a Process T ype a Ab Ty sorber

pe I b A
T bsorber

ype II b Sorbent Type b In

Ͳ Service
Year b Design SO 2 Removal Efficiency b

San Juan 24 51 3 NM Wet Lime stone TR m LS 1998 90
San Juan 24 51 4 NM Wet Lime stone TR m LS 1998 90
San Miguel 61 83 SM

Ͳ 1 TX Wet Lime stone TR m LS 1982 94.1
Sandow 66 48 4 TX Wet Lime stone SP LS 1981 92
Sandow Station 52 071 5A TX Dry Lime CD LS 2009 95.8
Sandow Station 52 071 5B TX Dry Lime CD LS 2009 95.8
Seminole (136) 13 6 1 FL Wet Lime stone SP LS 1984 90
Seminole (136) 13 6 2 FL Wet Lime stone SP LS 1984 90
Seward 31 30 FDA1 PA Dry Lime e CD m LF 2004 95
Seward 31 30 FDA2 PA Dry Lime e CD e LF 2004 95
Sherburne County 60 90 1 MN Wet Lime stone SP e AF 1976 50
Sherburne County 60 90 2 MN Wet Lime stone SP V E AF 1977 50
Sherburne County 60 90 3 MN Dry Lime SD LA 1987 72.3
Shiras 18 43 3 MI Dry Lime m SD LS 1983 80 Southampton Power Station 10 774 1 VA Dry Lime SD LA 1991 92 Southampton Power Station 10 774 2 VA Dry Lime SD LA 1991 92 Springerville Generating Station 82 23 1 AZ Dry Lime SD LA 1985 61.3 Springerville Generating Station 82 23 2 AZ Dry Lime SD LA 1990 61.3 Springerville Generating Station 82 23 3 AZ Dry Lime SD LI 2006 84.7 Springerville Generating Station 82 23 4 AZ Dry Lime SD LI 2009 84.7
St. Johns River Power 20 7 1 FL Wet Lime stone f SP LS 1987 90
St. Johns River Power 20 7 2 FL Wet Lime stone f SP LS 1988 90
Stanton 28 24 10 ND Dry Lime SD LI 1982 70
Taconite Harbor Energy Center 10 075 FSI1 MN Dry Lime m DS I m LI 2008 65
Taconite Harbor Energy Center 10 075 FSI2 MN Dry Lime m DS I m LI 2007 65
Trimble County 60 71 1 KY Wet Lime stone SP LS 1990 90.7
TS Power Plant 56 224 SCB60 0 NV Dry Lime SD LA 2008 92
Valmont 47 7 5 CO Dry Lime SD LA 2002 85
W A Parish 34 70 FGD8 TX Wet Lime stone f SP LS 1982 85
W H Sammis 28 66 6 OH Wet Lime stone m TR m LS e 2009 m 98 e

23/34Facility Name a Pl (O

ant Code RISPL) a FGD ID b Nameplate Capacity c Provision for Bypass b In
S corporation of

pare Module b Manufac turer b Material of Constuction Oxidation Mode

San Juan 24 51 3 555 N N BW NR Forced e

San Juan 24 51 4 555 N N BW NR Forced e

San Miguel 61 83 SM

Ͳ 1 410 N N BW SS m Inhibited e

Sandow 66 48 4 591 Y N AL SS e NR
Sandow Station 52 071 5A 661 i,p N N A D CS m NA
Sandow Station 52 071 5B N N AD CS m NA
Seminole (136) 13 6 1 715 N Y AL RLCS e Natural e

Seminole (136) 13 6 2 715 N Y AL RLCS e Natural e

Seward 31 30 FDA1 585 p N N A L CS m NA
Seward 31 30 FDA2 N N AL CS m NA
Sherburne County 60 90 1 765 N Y AL FRCS e NR
Sherburne County 60 90 2 765 N Y AL FRCS e NR
Sherburne County 60 90 3 900 Y Y BW CS m NA
Shiras 18 43 3 4 4 Y N MX CS m NA Southampton Power Station 10 774 1 71 p N N A L CS m NA Southampton Power Station 10 774 2 N N AL CS m NA Springerville Generating Station 82 23 1 425 N N BW CS m NA Springerville Generating Station 82 23 2 425 N N BW CS m NA Springerville Generating Station 82 23 3 450 N Y AL CS m NA Springerville Generating Station 82 23 4 450 i N Y A L CS m NA
St. Johns River Power 20 7 1 679 Y Y HRC FRCS f NR
St. Johns River Power 20 7 2 679 Y Y HRC NR NR
Stanton 28 24 10 190 N N HRC CS m NA
Taconite Harbor Energy Center 10 075 FSI1 84 Y N R OT NA NA
Taconite Harbor Energy Center 10 075 FSI2 84 Y N R OT NA NA
Trimble County 60 71 1 566 Y Y AL SS e Forced e

TS Power Plant 56 224 SCB600 242 N N BW CS m NA
Valmont 47 7 5 192 N N BW CS m NA
W A Parish 34 70 FGD8 615 N N MX FRCS f NR
W H Sammis 28 66 6 680 NR N R BW NR Forced e

24/34Facility Name a Pla (O nt Code

RISPL) a FGD ID b State a Process T ype a Ab Ty sorber

pe I b A
T bsorber

ype II b Sorbent Type b In

Ͳ Service
Year b Design SO 2 Removal Efficiency b

W H Sammis 28 66 1

Ͳ 5 OH Wet Lime stone m TR m LS e 2010 a 98 e

W H Sammis 28 66 7 OH Wet Lime stone m TR m LS e 2010 a 98 e

W H Zimmer Generating Station 60 19 1 OH Wet Lime TR m LI 1991 99
Walter Scott Jr. Energy Center 10 82 3 IA Dry Lime SD LA 2009 93.6
Walter Scott Jr. Energy Center 10 82 4 IA Dry Lime SD LA 2007 92 Wansley (6052) 60 52 1 GA Wet Lime stone e BR LS 2008 98 Wansley (6052) 60 52 2 GA Wet Lime stone e BR LS 2009 98
Weston 40 78 4 WI Dry Lime SD LA 2008 90
Widows Creek 50 7 AL Wet Lime stone SP LS 1981 83.4
Widows Creek 50 8 AL Wet Lime stone DC FS e LS 2003 e 96 e

Williams 32 98 WIL1 SC Wet Lime stone SP LS 2009 96 Winyah 62 49 1 SC Wet Lime stone SP LS e 2007 97 Winyah 62 49 2 SC Wet Lime stone SP LS 2007 97 Winyah 62 49 3 SC Wet Lime stone SP LS 1980 90 Winyah 62 49 4 SC Wet Lime stone SP LS 1981 90.4 Wygen I 55 479 3 WY Dry Lime SD m LI 2003 89.9 Wygen II 56 319 1 WY Dry Lime SD LA 2008 90.4 Wyodak 61 01 SC91 WY Dry Lime SD LI 1986 75.2
Yates 72 8 Y1FG GA Wet Lime stone e BR LS 1992 90

a This column is from the 2010 fEmissionsg section of EPAhs Clean Air Markets Division fData and Mapsg website

b This column is from 2008 EIA

Ͳ 860 data Schedules 6

Ͳ G & 6

Ͳ H

c This column is from 2008 EIA

Ͳ 860 data "Annual Electric Generator Report" Generator (Existing) File

d 2009 fEmissionsg section of EPAhs Clean Air Markets Division fData and Mapsg website

e Information is from respective vendor either from direct correspondence or from their website/publications

f DOE "Utility FGD Survey January Ͳ December 1989" Publication Number ORNL/M

Ͳ 2347

g 2008 fEmissionsg section of EPAhs Clean Air Markets Division fData and Mapsg website

h 2007 fEmissionsg section of EPAhs Clean Air Markets Division fData and Mapsg website

25/34Facility Name a Pl (O

ant Code RISPL) a FGD ID b Nameplate Capacity c Provision for Bypass b In
S corporation of

pare Module b Manufac turer b Material of Constuction Oxidation Mode

W H Sammis 28 66 1

Ͳ 5 715 NR N R BW NR Forced e

W H Sammis 28 66 7 680 NR N R BW NR Forced e

W H Zimmer Generating Station 60 19 1 1426 Y Y BW SS m Forced e

Walter Scott Jr. Energy Center 10 82 3 726 N N AL CS m NA
Walter Scott Jr. Energy Center 10 82 4 923 N N BW CS m NA Wansley (6052) 60 52 1 952 Y N CH FRP e Forced e Wansley (6052) 60 52 2 952 Y N R CH FRP e Forced e

Weston 40 78 4 595 N N BW CS m NA
Widows Creek 50 7 575 Y N AL SS e Forced o

Widows Creek 50 8 550 Y N MHI/AV SS m Forced o

Williams 32 98 WIL1 633 N N BPE FRCS e Forced e Winyah 62 49 1 315 N N SI NR NR Winyah 62 49 2 315 N N SI NR NR Winyah 62 49 3 315 N N BW RLCS f Natural e Winyah 62 49 4 315 N N AM NR NR Wygen I 55 479 3 8 8 N N BW CS m NA Wygen II 56 319 1 9 5 N N BW CS m NA Wyodak 61 01 SC91 362 Y N BW CS m NA
Yates 72 8 Y1FG 123 Y N CH FRP e Forced e

i 2008 EIA

Ͳ 860 data "Annual Electric Generator Report" Generator (Proposed) File

j Material information from Stebbins Manufacturing Installation List

k Upgrade by BPE according to BPE

l 2005 EIA

Ͳ 767 data Schedule 8

Ͳ A & 8

Ͳ B

m Authors' correction based on personal knowledge

n Facility's Utility's website

o EPA's Steam Electric Power Generating Point Source Category: 2007/2008 Detailed Study Report (Online)

p Multiple FGD units are associated with one generator. The value reported is the nameplate capacity for the generator.

26/34

### 30 40 50 60NumberofUnits 

# Figure 1: In

Ͳ Service Year of FGD Units 1

0 10 20

1969 1971 1973 1975 1977 1979 1981 1983 1985 1987 1989 1991 1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003 2005 2007 2009



## In

Ͳ Service Year

1 The year reported is the year in which the FGD system originally came in

Ͳ service. Unless the authors deemed that modifications were so extensive that the FGD was essentially a new unit.

27/34

### 40 108

60 80 100 120NumberofUnits 

# Figure 2: Wet FGD Process Type

Dual Alkali

Wet Sodium Based

Wet Lime

Wet Limestone

2 1 0 0 4 5 0 0 23

11 8 3 25 31

0 20 40

1969 to 1980 1981 to 1990 1991 to 2000 2001 to 2010


## Decade

28/34

### 31 28 83

40 50 60 70 80 90NumberofUnits 

# Figure 3: Design SO 2 

# Removal Efficiency for Wet FGD Units

80 or less
81 to 85 86 to 90
91 to 95
96 to 98+

12

3 1 0 12 8

0 0 15

7

0 15 16 25 28

0 2 6

0 10 20 30

1969 to 1980 1981 to 1990 1991 to 2000 2001 to 2010


## Decade

29/34

### 10 9 20

9 14

10 15 20 25NumberofUnits 

# Figure 4: Design SO 2 

# Removal Efficiency for Semi

Ͳ Dry FGD Units

80 or less
81 to 85
86 to 90
91 to 95 96 to 98+

0 0 0 0 6

3

000 0 0 0 0 1 2

0 5

1969 to 1980 1981 to 1990 1991 to 2000 2001 to 2010


## Decade

30/34

### 40 59

39 40 50 60 70 80 90 100twithProvisionforBypass 

# Figure 5: Provision for FGD Bypass as a Percent of the Decade 2

30

0 10 20 30

1969 to 1980 1981 to 1990 1991 to 2000 2001 to 2010Percent



## Decade

2 The percent reported is taken from the total number of units in a decade with bypass information.

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### 49

40 50 60 70 80 90 100IncorporationforSpareModules 

# Figure 6: Incorporation of Spare Absorber Modules as a Percent of the Decade 3

22 20

5

0 10 20 30

1969 to 1980 1981 to 1990 1991 to 2000 2001 to 2010PercentwithI



## Decade

3 The percent reported is taken from the total number of units in a decade with spare absorber modules.

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### 15 17
15 36

15 20 25 30 35 40NumberofUnits 

# Figure 7: Absorber Type Used for the FGD System 4

Venturi
Double Contact Flow Scrubber Circulating Dry Scrubber
Dry Sorbent Injection

Jet Bubbling Reactor Spray Dryer

2
0 0 000 8

0 0 1 9

0 0 2 9

0 0 1 0 12

0 5 10

1969 to 1980 1981 to 1990 1991 to 2000 2001 to 2010


## Decade

4 This figure does not account for the undeniable workhorse of the absorber type, spray towers. This figure more so acts to depict the rise and fall of absorber types

over the decades. Furthermore, tray and packed types are not reported since every tray and packed is also a spray.

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### 26

13 29

25

16 35

15 20 25 30 35 40NumberofUnits 

### Flakeglass Reinforced Resin Lined Carbon Steel

Rubber Lined Carbon Steel

Nickel Alloy Fiberglass Reinforced Plastic

Tile Lined

Stainless Steel 

# Figure 8: Absorber Material of Construction for the Wet FGD System 5

8

1 4 13

6

3

0 0 2 4

0 0 0 1 8

0 2 3 9

0 5 10

1969 to 1980 1981 to 1990 1991 to 2000 2001 to 2010


## Decade

4 This figure of the material of construction for the absorber system does not represent all the wet FGD units online. As stated in the introduction due to lack of publically available information for current units, if the vendors did not provide this information it was not reported.

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