U.S. Department of the Interior

U.S. Geological Survey

Fact Sheet 2012–3065

July 2012

Prepared in cooperation with the Louisiana Department of Transportation and Development 

Water Resources of Beauregard Parish

D O TD

APED TR MENT OF TRANSPORTATION AND DEVELOPMENT

Bancroft

30 ̊30'

93 ̊45'

T E X A S

BEAUREGARD

PARISH

Oretta

DeRidder

Merryville

Ragley

Longville

DeQuincy

Gordon

Starks

Buhler

Moss

Bluff

Indian

Village

Almadane

Knight

Ikes

Rosepine

Reeves

Tulla

Bivens

Dry

Creek

Be-377

Be-501

Be-443

10 KILOMETERS

0

0

10 MILES

Base map modified from Louisiana Department of Transportation and Development (1986)

93 ̊30' 93 ̊15' 93 ̊00'

30 ̊45'

30 ̊15' CALCASIEU PARISH

ALLEN

PARISH

VERNON PARISH

JEFFERSON

DAVIS

PARISH

Sabine River

L O U I S I A N A

A R K A N S A S

M I S

S I S S I P

P I

T E X A S

G U L F O F M E X I C O

ENLARGED

AREA

A

Ba you Anacoco

Barne s Creek

Bear Head

Creek

Beckwith Creek

Bund ick

Creek

Hickor y

Branch

A'

08028500

Sugrue

Whisky C hitto Creek

Bundick

Lake

EXPLANATION

Approximate altitude of the base of fresh

groundwater, in feet below National Geodetic

Vertical Datum of 1929 

1,000 to 1,499

1,500 to 1,999

2,000 to 2,499

2,500 to 2,999

3,000 and deeper

Trace of hydrogeologic

 section (see fig. 3)

Water-quality site on Sabine River 

 near Bon Wier, Texas (see table 4)

Well for which hydrograph

 is shown (see fig. 4)

A A'

08028500

Be-501

190

190

190

190

171

171

171

109

389

27

110

112

113

26

394

12

Introduction

In 2005, about 30.6 million gallons per day (Mgal/d) of 

water was withdrawn in Beauregard Parish, Louisiana (fig. 1), 

including about 30.4 Mgal/d from groundwater sources and 

0.1 Mgal/d from surface water sources1

 (table 1). Industrial use, 

primarily for wood products, accounted for about 72 percent 

(22.0 Mgal/d) of the total water withdrawn. Other categories 

of use included public supply, rural domestic, livestock, rice 

1

 Tabulation of numbers across text and tables may result in different totals 

because of rounding; nonrounded numbers are used for calculation of totals. 

irrigation, general irrigation, and aquaculture (table 2). Wateruse data collected at 5-year intervals from 1960 to 2005 (fig. 

2) indicate water withdrawals in the parish peaked at about 

43.5 Mgal/d in 1985. The large increase in groundwater usage 

from 1970 to 1975 was primarily due to industrial withdrawals, 

which increased from 3.64 Mgl/d in 1970 to 29.0 Mgal/d 

in 1975.

This fact sheet summarizes information on the 

water resources of Beauregard Parish, La. Information 

on groundwater and surface-water availability, quality, 

development, use, and trends is based on previously published 

reports listed in the Selected References section.

Figure 1. Location of study area, Beauregard Parish, Louisiana.
Groundwater Resources 

The groundwater resources of Beauregard Parish, from 

near surface to deepest, include the Chicot aquifer system, 

Evangeline aquifer, and Jasper aquifer system (fig. 3). Deeper 

aquifers in Beauregard Parish contain only saltwater (water 

with chloride concentrations greater than 250 milligrams per 

Table 1. Water withdrawals, in million gallons per day, by 

source in Beauregard Parish, Louisiana, 2005 (modified from 

Sargent, 2007).

Aquifer, aquifer system,

or surface-water body Groundwater Surface water

Chicot aquifer system 12.35

Evangeline aquifer 3.19

Jasper aquifer system 14.92

Miscellaneous streams 0.10

Total 30.45 0.10

Table 2. Water withdrawals, in million gallons per day, by 

category in Beauregard Parish, Louisiana, 2005 (modified from 

Sargent, 2007).

Category Groundwater

Surface 

water Total

Public supply 3.73 0.00 3.73

Industrial 22.01 .00 22.01

Rural domestic .77 .00 .77

Livestock .08 .06 .14

Rice irrigation 3.23 .00 3.23

General irrigation .40 .04 .45

Aquaculture .23 .00 .23

Total 30.45 .10 30.55

50

45

40

35

30

25

20

15

10

5

0

1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

Annual withdrawal, in million gallons per day

Year

Groundwater

Surface water

EXPLANATION

 Figure 2. Water withdrawals in Beauregard Parish, Louisiana, 1960–2005.

liter [mg/L]). The base of fresh groundwater generally ranges 

about 2,500 to 3,000 feet (ft) below the National Geodetic 

Vertical Datum of 1929 (NGVD 29) (sea level) in the northern 

part of the parish, about 2,000 to 2,500 ft below NGVD 29 in 

the central part, and about 1,000 to 2,000 ft below NGVD 29 in 

the southern part (fig. 1). Recharge to aquifers in Beauregard 

Parish is from precipitation, leakage from overlying aquifers, 

and seasonal input from rivers. Discharge from aquifers is by 

natural flow into rivers, leakage into underlying aquifers, and 

withdrawals from wells.

State well-registration records listed 901 active water 

wells in Beauregard Parish in 2009, including 753 domestic, 

78 irrigation, 44 public-supply, and 26 industrial wells. In 

2005, categories of use for groundwater withdrawals in 

Beauregard Parish included public supply, industrial, rural 

domestic, livestock, rice irrigation, general irrigation, and 

aquaculture (table 2).

The Chicot Aquifer System 

In most of Beauregard Parish, the Chicot aquifer system 

is composed of two sand units (aquifers)—the shallow sand 

and the deeper undifferentiated sand—and contains freshwater 

throughout the parish. The shallow sand is present within 

a clayey surficial confining unit, which generally ranges in 

thickness from less than 40 ft in northern areas of the parish 

to 120–160 ft in southwestern areas of the parish. The shallow 

sand is composed of scattered sand streaks, lenses, and layers 

that can provide water for domestic purposes.

State well-registration records listed 102 active wells 

screened in the shallow sand in Beauregard Parish in 2009, 

including 99 domestic and 3 irrigation wells. All but four of 

these wells are located in northern and northeastern areas of 

the parish. Depths of these wells ranged from 11 to 88 ft below 

land surface, with a median depth of 26 ft. In 2005, withdrawals 

from these wells were about 0.17 Mgal/d and included about 

0.14 Mgal/d for rural domestic use and about 0.03 Mgal/d for 

livestock. No water-quality data were available for these wells.

The undifferentiated sand unit is present throughout 

Beauregard Parish and is the primary component of the Chicot 

aquifer system within the parish. It is composed of beds of clay, 

silt, sand, and gravel. Single beds of sand are usually massive 

and can attain thicknesses of several hundred feet. Individual 

sand beds usually grade from fine sand at the top to coarse 

sand and gravel at the base. The altitude of the base of the 

undifferentiated sand unit ranges from about 0 ft NGVD 29 near 

the town of DeRidder to about 400–500 ft below NGVD 29 

along the southern parish line (fig. 3). Close to the southeastern 

parish line, the undifferentiated sand unit is subdivided by clays 

into two or more sand subunits as it enters into Calcasieu Parish. 

In 2005, about 0.16 Mgal/d of groundwater was withdrawn 

from these subunits in Beauregard Parish.

Infiltration of precipitation in southern Vernon Parish and 

the northern half of Beauregard Parish is the primary source of 

recharge to the undifferentiated sand unit in Beauregard Parish. 

Vertical leakage of water through clays is a secondary source. 

Water movement in the undifferentiated sand unit in Beauregard 

Parish is generally southward from the recharge area or 

westward towards the Sabine River.

In 2003, water levels in the undifferentiated sand unit in 

Beauregard Parish ranged from about 160 ft above NGVD 29 
Figure 3. Generalized north-to-south 

hydrogeologic section showing aquifer 

and confining unit intervals (individual 

sand and clay layers not shown) from 

Vernon Parish to Calcasieu Parish, 

Louisiana (modified from Whitfield, 

1975, plate 3). Trace of section shown 

on figure 1.

Figure 3. Generalized north-to-south hydrogeologic section showing aquifer and conning unit

intervals (individual sand and clay layers not shown) from Vernon Parish to Calcasieu Parish, La. 

(Whiteld, 1975). Trace of section shown on gure 1. 

NGVD 29

FEET

NORTH

A

-500

-1,500

-2,000

-2,500

-3,000

-1,000

NGVD 29

FEET

-500

-1,500

-2,000

-2,500

-3,000

-1,000

SOUTH

A’

Vernon

Parish

Beauregard

Parish

Beauregard

Parish

Calcasieu

Parish Land surface

Chicot aquifer system

Evangeline aquifer

Castor Creek confining unit

Williamson

Creek

aquifer Dough Hills confining unit

Carnahan

Bayou

aquifer

Lena confining unit

Base

of

Freshwater

Jasper aquifer system

0 5 MILES

5 KILOMETERS

Vertical datum is National Geodetic Vertical Datum of 1929 (NGVD 29)

VERTICAL SCALE GREATLY EXAGGERATED

near the town of DeRidder to 20 ft below NGVD 29 near the 

southeastern parish line. Water levels in the undifferentiated 

sand unit generally fluctuate 1 to 2 ft annually, as shown 

in the hydrograph of well Be-443 (fig. 4), which is located 

west of DeRidder in northern Beauregard Parish (fig. 1). 

The hydrograph shows a slight decline in water level during 

1999–2000, a period of reduced precipitation.

State well-registration records listed 619 active water 

wells screened in the undifferentiated sand unit in Beauregard 

Parish in 2009, including 523 domestic, 60 irrigation, 

23 public supply, and 13 industrial wells. Depths of these 

wells ranged from 16 to 461 ft below land surface and had a 

median depth of 125 ft. Reported yields from wells screened 

in the undifferentiated sand unit in Beauregard Parish range 

from about 10 to 3,500 gallons per minute (gal/min). In 2005, 

withdrawals from the undifferentiated sand unit in Beauregard 

Parish were about 12.0 Mgal/d and included about 2.44 Mgal/d 

for public supply, 5.53 Mgal/d for industrial use, 0.60 Mgal/d 

for domestic use, 0.05 Mgal/d for livestock, 2.83 Mgal/d 

for rice irrigation, 0.34 Mgal/d for general irrigation, and 

0.23 Mgal/d for aquaculture.

A statistical summary of selected water-quality 

characteristics for 62 wells screened in the undifferentiated sand 

unit in Beauregard Parish is listed in table 3. Generally, water 

from the undifferentiated sand unit is soft (60 mg/L or less as 

calcium carbonate) and does not exceed the U.S. Environmental 

Protection Agency’s (EPA) Secondary Maximum Contaminant 

Levels (SMCLs)2 for drinking water for color and chloride, iron, 

2

The SMCLs are nonenforceable Federal guidelines regarding cosmetic 

effects (such as tooth or skin discoloration) or aesthetic effects (such as taste, 

odor, or color) of drinking water. At high concentrations or values, health 

implications as well aesthetic degradation might exist. SMCLs were established 

as guidelines for the states by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (1992).

manganese, and dissolved solids concentrations. Locally, iron 

and manganese concentrations can greatly exceed the SMCLs 

of 300 and 50 micrograms per liter (μg/L), respectively. The 

median pH value of 6.3 (listed in table 3) is below the SMCL 

range of 6.5–8.5.

The Evangeline Aquifer

The Evangeline aquifer underlies the Chicot aquifer system 

and overlies the Castor Creek confining unit in Beauregard 

Parish (fig. 3). The aquifer is continuous throughout the 

parish and generally dips to the south. Freshwater is present 

throughout the aquifer except near the southern parish line 

where the lower part of the aquifer contains saltwater (fig. 3). 

The Evangeline aquifer primarily consists of fine to medium 

sand that is interbedded with silt, soft to moderately hard greengray laminated clay, and local beds of coarse sand. Locally, 

sands within the aquifer are separated and confined by clays. 

Thickness of the Evangeline aquifer in Beauregard Parish 

generally ranges from about 500 ft near the town of DeRidder 

to about 2,000 ft near the southeastern corner of the parish. 

The altitude of the top of the aquifer is about 0 ft NGVD 29 

near DeRidder and about 400–500 ft below NGVD 29 near the 

southern parish line.

Water movement in the Evangeline aquifer in Beauregard 

Parish is generally to the south or southwest. In 2004, water 

levels in the Evangeline aquifer in Beauregard Parish ranged 

from about 140 ft above NGVD 29 near the northeastern 

corner of the parish to about 20 ft below NGVD 29 near the 

southwestern corner of the parish. Water levels generally 

fluctuate 1 to 2 ft annually, as shown in the hydrograph of well 

Be-377 (fig. 4), located in northwestern Beauregard Parish near 

the town of Merryville (fig. 1).
Table 3. Summary of selected water-quality characteristics for freshwater in the Chicot aquifer system (undifferentiated sand), 

Evangeline aquifer, and Jasper aquifer system in Beauregard Parish, Louisiana (U.S. Geological Survey, 2012e).

[Values are in milligrams per liter, except as noted. oC, degrees Celsius; PCU, platinum cobalt units; μS/cm, microsiemens per centimeter; SU, standard units; 

CaCO3, calcium carbonate; μg/L, micrograms per liter; <, less than; NA, not applicable; SMCL, Secondary Maximum Contaminant Level established by the 

U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (2011)]

Temperature 

(oC)

Color,

(PCU)

Specific 

conductance, 

field (μS/cm at 

25oC)

pH,

field

(SU)

Hardness

(as 

CaCO3)

Chloride,

filtered

(as Cl)

Iron,

filtered

(μg/L as 

Fe)

Manganese, 

filtered

(μg/L as 

Mn)

Dissolved 

solids, 

filtered

Chicot aquifer system (undifferentiated sand), 1943–2008 (62 wells)

Median 20.5 5 91 6.3 21 8.0 35 20 107

10th percentile 19.0 0 43 5.4 8 3.5 <10 1 46

90th percentile 22.0 46 278 7.4 75 40 1,900 210 200

Number of samples 41 25 47 49 57 61 34 33 40

Percentage of samples that 

do not exceed SMCLs

NA 80 NA 39 NA 100 79 76 100

Evangeline aquifer, 1939–83 (35 wells)

Median 22.8 5 279 7.5 31 6.0 145 <10 186

10th percentile 21.0 0 176 6.5 10 4.4 <10 <10 116

90th percentile 25.6 10 439 8.0 76 11 470 120 297

Number of samples 30 31 27 32 34 35 32 18 29

Percentage of samples that 

do not exceed SMCLs

NA 100 NA 88 NA 100 72 72 100

Jasper aquifer system, 1967–83 (30 wells)

Median 29.0 5 338 8.2 15 7.0 <50 <20 203

10th percentile 25.8 1 276 7.8 6 5.0 <20 <10 172

90th percentile 36.2 8 785 8.6 84 15 150 20 247

Number of samples 27 29 30 30 30 30 29 26 9

Percentage of samples that 

do not exceed SMCLs

NA 97 NA 83 NA 100 97 96 100

SMCLs

NA 15 NA 6.5–8.5 NA 250 300 50 500

Year

1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010

Water level, in feet above National

Geodetic Vertical Datum of 1929 (NGVD 29)

60

70

80

90

100

110

170

180

Well: Be-377 (Evangeline aquifer)

Altitude of land surface: 83 feet above NGVD 29

Well Depth: 405 feet below land surface

Well: Be-501 (Jasper aquifer system)

Altitude of land surface: 105 feet above NGVD 29

Well Depth: 755 feet below land surface

Well: Be-443 (undifferentiated sand of the Chicot aquifer system)

Altitude of land surface: 206 feet above NGVD 29

Well Depth: 164 feet below land surface

Figure 4. Water levels in well Be-443 

screened in the Chicot aquifer system, in 

well Be-377 screened in the Evangeline 

aquifer, and in well Be-501 screened in the 

Jasper aquifer system in Beauregard Parish, 

Louisiana (see fig. 1 for well locations; U.S. 

Geological Survey, 2012c). Land surface 

is measured in feet above the National 

Geodetic Vertical Datum of 1929 (NGVD 29).
State well-registration records listed 39 active wells 

screened in the Evangeline aquifer in Beauregard Parish in 

2009, including 24 domestic, 10 public supply, 4 irrigation 

wells, and 1 industrial well. Depths of these wells ranged 

from 155 to 1,696 ft below land surface, with a median 

depth of 394 ft. Reported yields from wells screened in the 

Evangeline aquifer in Beauregard Parish range from about 1 to 

950 gal/min. In 2005, withdrawals from the Evangeline aquifer 

in Beauregard Parish were about 3.19 Mgal/d (table 1) and 

included about 1.13 Mgal/d for public supply, 1.72 Mgal/d for 

industrial use, 0.03 Mgal/d for rural domestic use, 0.27 Mgal/d 

for rice irrigation, and 0.03 Mgal/d for general irrigation.

A statistical summary of selected water-quality 

characteristics for 35 wells screened in freshwater areas of the 

Evangeline aquifer in Beauregard Parish is listed in table 3. 

Generally, water from the Evangeline aquifer is soft (60 mg/L 

or less as calcium carbonate) and does not exceed SMCLs for 

drinking water for color, pH, and chloride, iron, manganese, 

and dissolved solids concentrations. Locally, iron and 

manganese concentrations may exceed the SMCLs of 300 and 

50 μg/L, respectively.

The Jasper Aquifer System

The Jasper aquifer system, continuous throughout 

Beauregard Parish, underlies the Castor Creek confining unit 

and overlies the clayey Lena confining unit. The system consists 

of, from shallowest to deepest, the Williamson Creek aquifer, 

Dough Hills confining unit, and Carnahan Bayou aquifer

(fig. 3). Light-gray sands with occasional traces of granulesize gravel make up approximately 50 percent of the aquifers 

within the system. The predominantly sandy Williamson Creek 

and Carnahan Bayou aquifers are composed of generally well 

sorted, very fine to medium sands interbedded with greenishgray clays. Beds of lignite (a low ranking form of coal) are 

commonly interbedded with sand and clay in the upper part 

of the Jasper aquifer system. The altitude of the top of the 

aquifer system is about 1,000 ft below NGVD 29 near the 

town of DeRidder and about 3,000 ft below NGVD 29 near the 

southeast corner of the parish. The regional dip of the Jasper 

aquifer system is to the south and southeast. Thickness of the 

Jasper aquifer system in Beauregard Parish generally ranges 

from about 2,400 ft in northern Beauregard Parish to about 

3,000 ft in the southeastern corner of the parish.

The Jasper aquifer system generally contains freshwater 

throughout its vertical extent only along the northern parish 

line and contains only saltwater in the southeastern part of the 

parish. The saltwater extends northward in the aquifer system as 

a thinning wedge and is present in the Carnahan Bayou aquifer 

throughout much of Beauregard Parish (fig. 3). The base of 

freshwater is deepest (greater than 3,000 ft below NGVD 29) 

in the northern third of the parish where the Carnahan Bayou 

aquifer contains freshwater. Southward, the base of freshwater 

is located in the Williamson Creek aquifer at depths greater 

than 2,500 ft below NGVD 29 near the towns of Oretta, 

Gordon, and Ragley (fig. 1).

Few water-level data for the Carnahan Bayou aquifer 

are available for Beauregard Parish; however, in 2003 water 

levels in the Williamson Creek aquifer in northern Beauregard 

Parish ranged from about 100 ft above NGVD 29 near the 

northwestern corner of the parish to about 60 ft above NGVD 

29 near the northeastern corner of the parish. In 2003, water 

levels were about 51 ft above NGVD 29 at a small cone of 

depression in the water-level surface west of DeRidder, caused 

by industrial withdrawals in that area. Water levels in the Jasper 

aquifer system generally fluctuate 1–3 ft annually, as shown in 

the hydrograph of well Be-501 (fig. 4), located in northwestern 

Beauregard Parish (fig. 1).

State well-registration records listed 19 active water wells 

screened in the Jasper aquifer system in Beauregard Parish in 

2009, including 11 industrial, 7 public supply, and 1 irrigation 

well. Depths of these wells ranged from 755 to 3,736 ft 

below land surface with a median depth of 1,280 ft. Reported 

yields from wells screened in the Jasper aquifer system in 

Beauregard Parish range from about 10 to 3,540 gal/min. In 

2005, withdrawals from the Jasper aquifer system in Beauregard 

Parish were about 14.9 Mgal/d (table 1) and included about 

0.16 Mgal/d for public supply, 14.7 Mgal/d for industrial use, 

and 0.01 Mgal/d for livestock.

A statistical summary of selected water-quality 

characteristics for 30 wells screened in freshwater areas of the 

Jasper aquifer system in Beauregard Parish is listed in table 3. 

Generally, freshwater in the aquifer system is soft and does not 

exceed SMCLs for drinking water for color, pH, and chloride, 

iron, manganese, and dissolved solids concentrations. Locally, 

pH may exceed the SMCL of 8.5.

Surface-Water Resources 

In 2005, an estimated 0.10 Mgal/d of surface water was 

withdrawn from miscellaneous streams in Beauregard Parish for 

general irrigation and livestock use. Major streams in the parish 

include the Sabine River, Bayou Anacoco, Barnes Creek, Bear 

Head Creek, Beckwith Creek, Bundick Creek, Hickory Branch, 

and Whisky Chitto Creek (fig. 1). Bundick Lake is a reservoir 

formed by an earthfill dam with a concrete spillway. Reservoir 

capacity at the spillway crest is 57,500 acre-feet, and the normal 

storage volume is 9,200 acre-feet. The surface area of the 

reservoir is 1,750 acres. The reservoir is used for flood control 

and conservation (U.S. Geological Survey, 2012a).

The mean discharge for the Sabine River near Bon Wier, 

Texas (station number 08028500; fig. 1) from 1961 to 2009 was 

6,680 cubic feet per second (U.S. Geological Survey, 2012b). 

The drainage area of the Sabine River at this site, located on 

U.S. Highway 190 west of Merryville, is about 8,230 square 

miles. Water samples analyzed during the period 1969–2009 

(table 4) indicate water in the Sabine River is soft and generally 

does not exceed the SMCLs for drinking water for pH and for 

chloride, sulfate, and iron concentrations. Dissolved oxygen is 

generally greater than 5 mg/L, which is considered the minimum 

value for a diversified population of fresh, warm-water biota, 

including sport fish (Louisiana Department of Environmental 

Quality, 2008).
U.S. Geological Survey, 2012b, Annual water-data report 2009 [for gage 

08028500 Sabine River near Bon Wier, TX]: U.S.Geological Survey 

Water Resources of the United States, Publications—Annual Water Data 

Reports, accessed January 7, 2011, at http://wdr.water.usgs.gov/wy2009/

pdfs/08028500.2009.pdf. 

U.S. Geological Survey, 2012c, Ground-water levels for Louisiana: 

National Water Information System Web Interface, accessed January 7, 

2010, at http://nwis.waterdata.usgs.gov/la/nwis/gwlevels. 

U.S. Geological Survey, 2012d, Water Quality Samples for Texas [data 

for USGS 08028500 Sabine Rv nr Bon Wier, TX.]: National Water 

Information System Web Interface, accessed January 7, 2010, at http://

nwis.waterdata.usgs.gov/tx/nwis/qwdata/?site_no=08028500. 

U.S. Geological Survey, 2012e, Water quality samples for Louisiana: 

National Water Information System Web Interface, accessed February 3, 

2010, at http://nwis.waterdata.usgs.gov/la/nwis/qwdata/. 

Whitfield, M.S., Jr., 1975, Geohydrology of the Evangeline and Jasper 

aquifers of southwestern Louisiana: Department of Conservation, 

Louisiana Geological Survey, and Louisiana Department of Public 

Works Water Resources Bulletin no. 20, 72 p. 

By Lawrence B. Prakken , Jason M. Griffith, and

Robert B. Fendick, Jr.

For additional information, contact: 

Director, USGS Louisiana Water Science Center

3535 S. Sherwood Forest Blvd., Suite 120

Baton Rouge, LA 70816

E-mail: dc_la@usgs.gov

Fax: (225) 298-5490

Telephone: (225) 298-5481

Home Page: http://la.water.usgs.gov

This fact sheet was published by the U.S. 

Geological Survey, in cooperation with the Louisiana 

Department of Transportation and Development 

(DOTD). Thanks are given to Zahir “Bo” Bolourchi, 

Director, Water Resources Programs, Louisiana 

Department of Transportation and Development, who 

contributed to the content and design of the fact sheet.

Selected References

Brantly, J.A., and Seanor, R.C., 2005, Louisiana ground-water map no. 

18: Potentiometric Surface, 2003, Jasper aquifer system in west-central 

Louisiana: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Map 2861, 

2 sheets.

Fendick, R.B., Jr., 2005, Louisiana ground-water map no. 21: Generalized 

potentiometric surface of the Evangeline aquifer in south-central 

Louisiana, January-March 2004: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific 

Investigations Map 2880, 1 sheet, accessed January 24, 2012 at

http://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/2880/plate-1.pdf. 

Louisiana Department of Environmental Quality, 2008, Environmental 

Regulatory Code, Title 33, Part IX, Subpart 1, accessed June 9, 2009, at 

http:www.deq.louisiana.gov/portal/tabid/1674/Default.aspx. 

Louisiana Department of Transportation and Development, 1986, Official 

map of Louisiana - 1986 edition: Baton Rouge, Louisiana, Louisiana 

Department of Transportation and Development, 1 sheet. 

Lovelace, J.K., Fontenot, J.W., and Frederick, C.P., 2004, Withdrawals, 

water levels, and specific conductance in the Chicot aquifer system in 

southwestern Louisiana, 2000-03: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific 

Investigations Report 2004-5212, 56 p, accessed July 25, 2012, at

http://la.water.usgs.gov/publications/pdfs/SIR_2004-5212.pdf.

Sargent, B.P., 2007, Water use in Louisiana, 2005: Louisiana Department 

of Transportation and Development Water Resources Special Report

no. 16, 133 p. 

Smoot, C.W., 1988, Louisiana hydrologic atlas map no. 3: Altitude of 

the base of freshwater in Louisiana: U.S. Geological Survey WaterResources Investigations Report 86-4314, 1 sheet, accessed November 

2, 2011, at http://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1986/4314/plate-1.pdf. 

U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 1992, Secondary Drinking Water 

Regulations - guidance for nuisance chemicals: U.S. Environmental 

Protection Agency publication EPA 810/K-92-001, 4 p., accessed 

September 28, 2011, at http://water.epa.gov/drink/contaminants/

secondarystandards.cfm. 

U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 2011, 2011 Edition of the drinking 

water standards and health advisories: U.S. Environmental Protection 

Agency publication EPA 820-R-11-002, Office of Water, 12 p., accessed 

September 2, 2011 at http://water.epa.gov/action/advisories/drinking/

upload/dwstandards2011.pdf. 

U.S. Geological Survey, 2012a, Annual water-data report 2008 [for 

gage 08014881 Bundick Lake at Spillway near DeRidder, LA]: 

U.S.Geological Survey Water Resources of the United States, 

Publications—Annual Water Data Reports, accessed January 7, 2010, at 

http://wdr.water.usgs.gov/wy2008/pdfs/08014881.2008.pdf. 

Table 4. Summary of selected water-quality characteristics for the Sabine River near Bon Wier, Texas, 1969–20091.

[Values are in milligrams per liter, except as noted. oC, degrees Celsius; μS/cm, microsiemens per centimeter; SU, standard units; μg/L, micrograms per liter; 

CaCO3, calcium carbonate; NA, not applicable; SMCL, Secondary Maximum Contaminant Level established by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (2011)]

Specific 

conductance, 

field (μS/cm 

at 25oC)

Oxygen, 

dissolved

pH,

field

(SU)

Hardness (as 

CaCO3)

Calcium, 

filtered 

(as Ca)

Magnesium, 

filtered(as 

Mg)

Sodium, 

filtered 

(as Na)

Chloride, 

filtered 

(as Cl)

Sulfate, 

filtered 

(as SO4)

Iron, unfiltered, 

(μg/Las 

Fe)

Median 153 8.4 7.2 38 9.7 2.7 22 17 18 50

10th percentile 112 6.7 6.6 26 7.4 1.6 12 12 11 20

90th percentile 213 9.9 7.5 46 13 3.9 30 27 28 160

Number of samples 1,696 37 57 33 33 33 33 1,684 1,684 30

Percentage of samples that do not 

exceed SMCLs

NA NA 96 NA NA NA NA 100 100 93

SMCLs

NA NA 6.5–8.5 NA NA NA NA 250 250 300

1

Station number 08028500 (U.S. Geological Survey, 2012d).