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                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           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                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  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| Astronomy                    and Astrophysics
**Tracer Bullet 90-8**
- Scope
- Introductions to the Topic
- Subject Headings
- Basic Texts
- Additional Titles
- Handbooks, Enyclopedias &                              Dictionaries
- Catalogs and Atlases of Celestial Objects
- Bibliographies
- Conference Proceedings
- State-of-the-Art Reviews
- Abstracting and Indexing Services                             
- Journals 
- Representative Journal Articles
- Selected Materials
- Additional Sources of Information
**SCOPE**
 Astronomy is presently defined as the study of all the matter                and energy in the universe, although some restrict the field                to what is beyond the earth's    atmosphere. Astronomy and astrophysics are closely intertwined but may be                distinguished by regarding the former as primarily observational                and the latter    as analytical, i.e., interpreting the observations by applying knowledge                gained in the study of physics and chemistry. Astronomy and astrophysics                encompass    many subdivisions, some of which are listed among the subject headings on                the next two pages, and new ones seem to spring up with nearly                every improvement    in technique and instrumentation. Astronomy and astrophysics are traditionally                close to mathematics and physics, and cosmology, which began                as a branch of    philosophy, is now linked to particle physics. Advances in the study of nucleosynthesis                and cosmochemistry, and the expanding search for extraterrestrial                life as    well as related investigations into the origin of life on our planet and                the problem of mass extinctions in past eras, have strengthened                ties with chemistry    and biology. Solar phenomena, magnetic fields and plasmas in the solar system,                and comparative planetology are also of concern to students of                geology, geophysics,    and atmospheric science. Optics, electronics, and computer science are among                the disciplines involved in the development of new and improved                instruments.    Deepening interest in the history of astronomy, as well as the growth of                archaeo- and ethnoastronomy, have extended relationships to some                of the social sciences.    Astronomy is often said to be the oldest science; perhaps it may eventually                regain the importance in education that it once had in medieval                universities,    where it was one of the seven liberal arts. In the present guide, a revision                of TB 78-3, an attempt has been made to represent many aspects                of this science    and to cite articles from a wide range of journals, with the goal of fulfilling    the purpose implied in the name of the series--to put the reader "on    target."

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**INTRODUCTIONS TO THE TOPIC**
              Aller, Lawrence H. Astrophysics. In McGraw-Hill encyclopedia                of science & technology. v. 2. New York, McGraw-Hill Book                Co., 1987. p.147-149.                 Q121.M3 1987, v. 2            
               Astronomy. In Collier's encyclopedia. v. 3. New York, Macmillan                Educational Co., 1990. p. 106-134. illus.                             Includes essays by various writers on the history of astronomy                and astronomical instruments, as well as biographical sketches                of some notable astronomers and a glossary.               AE5.C683 1990, v. 3            
               Fredrick, Laurence W. Astronomy. In The Encyclopedia Americana.                International ed. v. 2. Danbury, Conn., Grolier, 1991. p. 570-585.                illus., col. plates.                  Includes chronological outline and glossary.                AE5.E333 1991, v. 2                        
              Huang, Su-Shu. Astrophysics. In The Encyclopedia Americana.                International ed. v. 2. Danbury, Conn., Grolier, 1991. p. 588-593.                illus.               AE5.E333 1991, v. 2                        
               Hynek, J. Allen. Astronomy. In McGraw-Hill encyclopedia of                science & technology. v. 2. New York, McGraw-Hill Book Co.,                1987. p.145-147.               Q121.M3 1987, v. 2            
             Pasachoff, Jay M., and Naomi E. Pasachoff. Astronomy. In The                World book encyclopedia. v. 1. Chicago, World Book, 1989. p.                834-851. illus. (part col.)                               Includes a list of related articles in the encyclopedia and                references to a few additional resources at two levels.              AE5.W55 1989, v. 1            
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**SUBJECT HEADINGS**
 Subject headings used by the Library of Congress,               under which books on astronomy and astrophysics can be located              in most card, book, and online catalogs include the following: 

**Highly relevant**

ASTRONOMY                See also specialized aspects, e.g., ASTROMETRY; ASTRONOMY,                SPHERICAL AND PRACTICAL; GAMMA-RAY ASTRONOMY; INFRARED ASTRONOMY;                MECHANICS, CELESTIAL; RADIO ASTRONOMY; ULTRAVIOLET ASTRONOMY;                X-RAY ASTRONOMY

ASTROPHYSICS                 See also specialized aspects, e.g., MOLECULAR ASTROPHYSICS;                NEUTRINO ASTROPHYSICS; NUCLEAR ASTROPHYSICS; PLASMA ASTROPHYSICS;                RADIO ASTROPHYSICS

**Relevant**

COSMOCHEMISTRYCOSMOLOGICAL DISTANCESGALAXIES                  See also specific types, e.g., DWARF GALAXIES; ELLIPTICAL                  GALAXIES; QUASARS; SEYFERT GALAXIES; SPIRAL GALAXIES; and names                  of individual galaxies, e.g., ANDROMEDA (NEBULA); MAGELLANIC                  CLOUDS; MILKY WAYH II REGIONS (ASTROPHYSICS)INTERSTELLAR MATTERSOLAR SYSTEM                 See also components, e.g., ASTEROIDS; COMETS; METEORS; METEORITES;                  OORT CLOUD; PLANETS; ZODIACAL LIGHT; and names of individual                  bodies, e.g., CHIRON (ASTEROID); HALLEY'S COMET; MERCURY (PLANET);                  MOON; SUN |