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| Bioethics
**Tracer Bullet 91-4**
- Scope
- Introductions to the Topic
- Subject Headings
- Basic Texts
- Additional Titles
- Specialized Titles
- Handbooks, Dictionaries and                    Encyclopedias
- Bibliographies
- Conference Proceedings
- Selected Conference Proceedings
- Government Publications
- Selected Government Publications
- Abstracting and Indexing Services
- Journals
- Representative Journal Articles
- Selected Materials
- Additional Sources of Information
**SCOPE**
New biological technologies have sharply extended the power to                 control, explain, and predict human attributes and life processes.                 This increased capability and knowledge forces the ethical question,                 "We can do it, but should we?" 

 Bioethics is defined as the "ethical principles ... which                 govern the uses of biological and medical technology, especially                 as they bear directly on the treatment of human life." (*Blakiston's                 Gould Medical Dictionary*, 4th ed., 1979). Some of the specific                 bioethical issues that have recently gained national and international                 attention include euthanasia, in vitro fertilization, surrogate                 motherhood, human experimentation, genetic engineering, abortion,                 organ donation, and AIDS.

 Participants in the discussion of bioethics include physicians                 and other health care professionals, biologists, psychologists,                 sociologists, lawyers, historians, and philosophical and religious                 ethicists. Increasingly, in recent years, professional societies,                 federal and state legislatures, and the courts have had to face                 questions related to bioethics. Correspondingly, there has been                 a vast increase in the literature on bioethical issues. 

 This guide lists published materials on many aspects of bioethics,                 the literature of which is varied and scattered. Related guides                 in the LC Science Tracer Bullet series are TB 80-9, Terminal Care,                 TB 80-11, Drug Research on Human Subjects, TB 83-4, Science Policy,                 and TB 84-7, Biotechnology. Not intended to be a comprehensive                 bibliography, this guide is designed--as the name of the series                 implies--to put the reader on target.

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**INTRODUCTIONS TO THE TOPIC**
Clouser, K. Danner. Bioethics. In *Encyclopedia                 of bioethics*. v. 1. Warren T. Reich, editor in chief. New                 York, Free Press, c1978. p. 115-127. 				   Bibliography: p. 127.                   QH332.E52 <SciRR>                 

Troyer, John. Bioethics. In *Collier's encyclopedia*.                 v. 4. New York, Macmillan Educational Co., 1990. p. 164-166.                    AE5.C683 1990 and Pamphlet box <SciRR>               

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**SUBJECT HEADINGS**
Subject headings used by the Library of Congress,               under which books on bioethics can be located in most card, book,               and online catalogs, include the following: 

**Highly Relevant**BIOETHICSMEDICAL                 ETHICSPSYCHIATRIC                 ETHICS**Relevant**BIOETHICS--STUDY                 AND TEACHINGEUTHANASIA--MORAL                 AND ETHICAL ASPECTSHUMAN                 REPRODUCTIVE TECHNOLOGIES--MORAL AND ETHICAL ASPECTSRESEARCH--MORAL                 AND ETHICAL ASPECTSRIGHT                 TO DIE**Related**ABORTION--MORAL                 AND ETHICAL ASPECTSBIOLOGY--MORAL                 AND ETHICAL ASPECTSBRAIN                 DEATHEUTHANASIAEUTHANASIA--SOCIAL                 ASPECTSGENETIC                 ENGINEERING--SOCIAL ASPECTSGENETIC                 INTERVENTIONHUMAN                 EXPERIMENTATION IN MEDICINEMEDICINE,                 EXPERIMENTAL--LAW AND LEGISLATIONSCIENCE--MORAL                 AND ETHICAL ASPECTSTERMINAL                 CARE--MORAL AND ETHICAL ASPECTS**More general**BIOLOGY--SOCIAL                 ASPECTSMEDICAL                 LAWS AND LEGISLATIONMEDICAL                 POLICYMEDICAL                 RESEARCH

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**BASIC TEXTS**
 Bard, Terry R. *Medical ethics in practice*.               New York, Hemisphere Pub. Corp., c1990. 124 p.                  R724.B29 1990                  Includes bibliographic references. 

*Bioethics: basic writings on the key ethical questions               that surround the major, modern biological possibilities and problems.*               3rd ed. Edited by Thomas A. Shannon. Mahwah, N.J., Paulist Press,               c1987. 620 p.                  R724.B47 1987                  Includes bibliographies. 

*Bioethics: readings & cases*. Compiled by               Baruch A. Brody, H. Tristram Engelhardt, Jr. Englewood Cliffs, N.J.,               Prentice-Hall, c1987. 403 p.                  R724.B484 1987                  Includes bibliographies. 

*Contemporary issues in bioethics*. Edited by               Tom L. Beauchamp & LeRoy Walters. 3rd ed. Belmont, Calif., Wadsworth               Pub. Co., c1989. 655 p.                  R724.C67 1989                  Includes bibliographies. 

Edwards, Rem Blanchard, and Glenn C. Graber. *Bioethics.*               San Diego, Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, c1988. 755 p. R                  724.E33 1988 <SciRR>                  Includes bibliographies. 

Loewy, Erich H. *Textbook of medical ethics*.               New York, Plenum Medical Book Co., c1989. 252 p.                  R724.L64 1989 <SciRR>                  Includes bibliographical references. 

Shapiro, Michael H., and Roy G. Spece. *Cases, materials,               and problems on bioethics and law.* St. Paul, Minn., West Pub.               Co., 1981. 892 p.                  KF3821.A7S47 

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**ADDITIONAL TITLES**
*Biomedical ethics*. Edited by Thomas A. Mappes               and Jane S. Zembaty. 3rd ed. New York, McGraw-Hill, c1991. 641 p.                                R724.B49 1991                 Reprinted from various sources.                  Includes bibliographical references. 

*Biomedical ethics: opposing viewpoints*. Julie               S. Bach, editor. St. Paul, Minn., Greenhaven Press, c1987. 216 p.                                R724.B492 1987                  Includes bibliographies. 

Coppenger, Mark T. *Bioethics: a casebook*. Englewood               Cliffs, N.J., Prentice-Hall, c1985. 206 p.                  KF3821.A7C67 1985 

Engelhardt, H. Tristram. *The foundations of bioethics*.               New York, Oxford University Press, 1986. 398 p.                  R724.E54 1986                  Includes bibliographies. 

Kieffer, George H. *Bioethics: a textbook of issues*.               Reading, Mass., Addison-Wesley Pub. Co., c1979. 454 p.                  QH332.K53                  Includes bibliographical references. 

Macklin, Ruth. *Mortal choices: bioethics in today's               world.* New York, Pantheon Books, c1987. 245 p.                  R724.M1614 1987                  Bibliography: p. 231-235. 

*Moral dilemmas in modern medicine*. Edited by               Michael Lockwood. London, New York, Oxford University Press, 1985.               259 p.                  R724.M673 1985                  Bibliography: p. 207-240. 

*Psychiatry, law, and ethics.* Edited by A. Carmi,               S. Schneider, A. Hefez, with contributions by G. Ammon and others.               Berlin, New York, Springer-Verlag, c1986. 315 p. (Medicolegal library,               5)                  K487.P75Z97 1986                  Includes bibliography. 

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**RELATED AND SPECIALIZED TITLES**
*Ethical issues in the new reproductive technologies.*               Edited and with an introduction by Richard T. Hull. Belmont, Calif.,               Wadsworth Pub. Co., c1990. 271 p.                 RG133.5.E84 1990                  Articles reprinted from various sources.                  Includes bibliographical references. 

*Ethics in mental health practice.* Edited by               David K. Kentsmith, Susan A. Salladay, Pamela A. Miya. Orlando,               Fla., Grune & Stratton, c1986. 250 p.                 RC455.2.E8E838 1986                  Includes bibliographies. 

*Euthanasia: opposing viewpoints.* Neal Bernards,               editor. San Diego, Greenhaven Press, c1989. 235 p.                  R726.E7924 1989                  Bibliography: p. 229-230. 

*Handbook on critical life issues*. Edited and               revised by Donald G. McCarthy, Edward J. Bayer. Braintree, Mass.,               Pope John Center, c1988. 218 p.                  R724.H23 1988                  Bibliography: p. 205-206. 

*Jewish values in bioethics.* Edited by Levi               Meier. New York, Human Sciences Press, c1986. 195 p.                  R725.57.J49 1986                  Bibliography: p. 190-191. 

*Law and bioethics: texts with commentary on major               U.S. court decisions*. Edited by Thomas A. Shannon and Jo Ann               Manfra. New York, Paulist Press, c1982. 362 p.                 KF3821.A7L38                  Includes bibliographical references. 

Rachels, James. *The end of life: euthanasia and               morality*. Oxford, Eng., New York, Oxford University Press, 1986.               204 p.                  R726.R33 1986                  Bibliography: p. 188-196. 

Smith, George Patrick. *The new biology: law, ethics,               and biotechnology*. New York, Plenum Press, c1989. 303 p.                  TP248.2.S65 1989                  Includes bibliographies. 

*Taking sides: clashing views on controversial bioethical               issues.* Edited, selected, and with introductions by Carol Levine.               3rd ed. Guilford, Conn., Dushkin Pub. Group, c1989. 370 p.                  R724.T35 1989                  Includes bibliographical references. 

*Theology and bioethics: exploring the foundations               and frontiers*. Edited by Earl E. Shelp. Dordrecht, Holland,               Boston, D. Reidel; Hingham, Mass., Sold and distributed in the U.S.A.               and Canada by Kluwer Academic, c1985. 314 p. (Philosophy and medicine,               v. 20)                  R725.5.T57 1985                  Includes bibliographies. 

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**HANDBOOKS, DICTIONARIES, AND ENCYCLOPEDIAS**
*Dictionary of medical ethics*. Edited by A.               S. Duncan, G. R. Dunstan, and R. B. Welbourn. New rev. ed. New York,               Crossroad, 1981. 459 p.                  R724.D53 1981 <SciRR>                  Includes bibliographical references. 

*Encyclopedia of bioethics.* Warren T. Reich,               editor in chief. New York, Free Press, c1978. 4 v.                  QH332.E52 <SciRR>                  Includes bibliographies and index. 

*The Handbook of medical ethics*. London, British               Medical Association, c1984. 111 p.                 R724.H227 1984                  Bibliography: p. 95-98. 

Hosford, Bowen. *Bioethics committees: the health               care provider's guide*. Rockville, Md., Aspen Systems Corp.,               1986. 340 p.                  R725.3.H67 1986                  Includes bibliographies. 

Thomson, William A. R. *A dictionary of medical               ethics and practice*. Bristol, Eng., J. Wright, 1977. 264 p.                                R724.T54                  Includes bibliographies. 

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**BIBLIOGRAPHIES**
*A Bioethical perspective on death and dying: summaries               of the literature*. Rockville, Md., Information Planning Associates,               1977. 88 p. R726.B48                 "Special supplement of the Bioethics digest."                                Bibliography: p. 80-83. 

*Biotechnology: a review and annotated bibliography*.               Technology Policy Unit, University of Aston, Birmingham; prepared               by Harry Rothman and others. New York, Pergamon Press, c1981. 141               p.                  Z7914.C4B55 

Goldstein, Doris Mueller. *Bioethics: a guide to               information sources*. Detroit, Gale Research Co., c1982. 366               p. (Gale information guide library. Health affairs information guide               series, v. 8)                  Z6675.E8G64 1982 <SciRR> 

Hastings Center. *The Hastings Center's bibliography               of ethics, biomedicine, and professional responsibility.* Frederick,               Md., University Publications of America in association with the               Hastings Center, c1984. 109 p.                  Z6675.E8H37 1984 

Johnson, Gretchen L. *Voluntary euthanasia: a comprehensive               bibliography*. Los Angeles, National Hemlock Society, c1987.               318 p.                  Z6675.E95J64 1987 <SciRR> 

Leahy, Richard E. Legal death: a pathfinder to the               current state of law and its implications.*Legal reference services               quarterly*, v. 9, no. 3/4, 1989: 73-114.                 K12.E357 

*Medical ethics & health sciences: research               subject analysis with bibliography*. American Health Research               Institute. Washington, Abbe Publishers Association, c1987. 163 p.                                Z6675.E8M43 1987 

Smith, Andrew J. K., and J. Kiffin Penry. *Brain               death: a bibliography with key-word and author indexes*. Bethesda,               Md., Applied Neurologic Research Branch, National Institute of Neurological               Diseases and Stroke, 1972. 30 p. (NINDS bibliography series, no.               1) (DHEW publication no. (NIH) 73-347)                  QP87.S58 

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**CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS**
 British Library. Lending Division. *Index of Conference               Proceedings Received* (1974- )    Z7403.B8b <SciRR>   Does not index individual papers. 

*Conference Papers Index* (1973- )    Z7403.C84  <SciRR>                               Indexes individual papers. 

*Index to Scientific & Technical Proceedings*               (1978- ) 			     Z7403.I4 <SciRR>                                Indexes individual papers. 

*Proceedings in Print*(1964- ) 			   Z5063.A2P7 <SciRR>                               Does not index individual papers. 

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**SELECTED CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS**
*Bioethical frontiers in perinatal intensive care*.               Edited by Chandice C. Harris and Fraser Snowden. Natchitoches, La.,               Northwestern State University Press, Northwestern State University,               1985. 131 p.                  RJ253.5.B56 1985                  Proceedings of a conference entitled "Bioethical               and developmental frontiers in perinatal intensive care," held               on May 10-11, 1984, by Northwestern State University College of               Nursing in Shreveport, La.                  Includes bibliographies. 

*Biomedical ethics: an Anglo-American dialogue*.               Edited by Daniel Callahan and G. R. Dunstan. New York, New York               Academy of Sciences, 1988. 175 p. (Annals of the New York Academy               of Sciences, v. 530)                  Q11.N5 v. 530                  Papers presented at a conference which was held               by the Hastings Center and others in New York City on June 20-24,               1987.                  Includes bibliographies. 

Dilemmas of Dying Conference (1979: Boston, Mass.).               *Dilemmas of dying: policies and procedures for decisions not               to treat: proceedings of a 1979 conference sponsored by Medicine               in the Public Interest, Inc*. Edited by Cynthia B. Wong, Judith               P. Swazey. Boston, Hall Medical, c1981. 205 p.                  KF3827.E87D54 1979                  Bibliography: p. 197-205. 

*Ethics in medicine: individual integrity versus               demands of society*. Editor, Peter Allebeck, Bengt Jansson; Congress               organizers, Shimon Glick, Bengt Jansson, Elliot Leiter. New York,               Raven Press, c1990. 224 p.                  R724.E8234 1990                  "The Third International Congress on Ethics               in Medicine, held in Stockholm 1989."                  Includes bibliographical references. 

Fukui Bioethics Seminar (1987: Fukui-shi, Japan).               *Human dignity and medicine: proceedings of the Fukui Bioethics               Seminar held in Fukui, Japan*, 10-12 April 1987. Editors, Jean               Bernard, Kinichiro Kajikawa, Norio Fujiki. Amsterdam, New York,               Excerpta Medica, 1988. 204 p. (International congress series, 778)                                R724.F85 1987                  Includes bibliographies. 

*Legal and ethical aspects of treating critically               and terminally ill patients*. Edited by A. Edward Doudera, J.               Douglas Peters. Ann Arbor, Mich., Published in cooperation with               the American Society of Law and Medicine by AUPHA Press, 1982. 344               p.                               KF3827.E87L43 1982                  Papers derived from 4 conferences sponsored by               the American Society of Law and Medicine, and held in Detroit (Nov.               1979), Los Angeles (Apr. 1980), Minneapolis (May 1980), and Chicago               (Oct. 1980).                  Bibliography: p. 334-339. 

*Life and death decisions.* Edited by Arthur               Winter. Springfield, Ill., Thomas, c1980. 71 p. R726.8.L53                  Papers from a symposium held on Sept. 13, 1978,               in Nutley, N.J.                  Includes bibliographical references. 

*Pediatric brain death and organ/tissue retrieval:               medical, ethical, and legal aspects*. Edited by Howard H. Kaufman.               New York, Plenum Medical Book Co., c1989. 365 p.                               RA1063.3.P43 1989                  Based on a conference held in March 1987.                  Includes bibliographies. 

*Science and ethics: papers presented at a symposium               held under the aegis of the Australian Academy of Science, University               of New South Wales, November 7, 1980*. Edited by David Oldroyd.               Kensington, NSW, Australia, New South Wales University Press, 1982.               120 p.                  BJ57.S2 1982                  Includes bibliographical references. 

*Science and morality: new directions in bioethics*.               Edited by Doris Teichler-Zallen, Colleen D. Clements. Lexington,               Mass., Lexington Books, c1982. 293 p.                               R724.S394 1982                  Papers from 3 annual conferences beginning spring               1979 and sponsored by Nazareth College of Rochester.                  Includes bibliographical references 

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**GOVERNMENT PUBLICATIONS**
**GOVERNMENT PUBLICATIONS** can be located in               the following indexes:

*CIS Index to Publications of the United States               Congress* (1970- )                  KF49.C62 MicRR, N&CP 

*Government Reports Announcements & Index*               (1946- )                  Z7916.G78 <SciRR> 

*Index to U.S. Government Periodicals* (1970-               )                  Z1223.Z915 MRR, N&CPR 

*Monthly Catalog of United States Government Publications*               (1895- )                  Z1223.A18 <SciRR> <N&CPR> 

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**SELECTED GOVERNMENT PUBLICATIONS**
*Defining death: a report on the medical, legal               and ethical issues in the determination of death*. President's               Commission for the Study of Ethical Problems in Medicine and Biomedical               and Behavioral Research. Washington, U.S. Govt. Print. Off., 1981.               166 p.                  RA405.A3D43 1981                  Includes bibliographical references. 

United States. President's Commission for the Study               of Ethical Problems in Medicine and Biomedical and Behavioral Research.               *Deciding to forego life-sustaining treatment: a report on the               ethical, medical, and legal issues in treatment decisions.* Washington,               President's Commission for the Study of Ethical Problems in Medicine               and Biomedical and Behavioral Research, U.S. Govt. Print. Off.,               1983. 554 p.                  R726.U55 1983                  Includes bibliographical references. 

----- *Implementing human research regulations:               second biennial report on the adequacy and uniformity of federal               rules and policies, and of their implementation for the protection               of human subjects*. Washington, President's Commission for the               Study of Ethical Problems in Medicine and Biomedical and Behavioral               Research, U.S. Govt. Print. Off., 1983. 219 p.                  R853.H8U564 1983                  Includes bibliographical references.                  Continues: Protecting human subjects. 1982- 

----- *Summing up: final report on studies of the               ethical and legal problems in medicine and biomedical and behavioral               research*. Washington, President's Commission for the Study of               Ethical Problems in Medicine and Biomedical and Behavioral Research,               U.S. Govt. Print. Off., 1983. 137 p.                  R724.U55 1983a                  Includes bibliographical references. 

United States. President's Commission for the Study               of Ethical Problems in Medicine and Biomedical and Behavioral Research.               *Securing access to health care: a report on the ethical implications               of differences in the availability of health services.* Washington,               U.S. Govt. Print. Off., 1983. 3 v.                  R724.U55 1983                  Includes bibliographies and index.                  Contents: v. 1. Report.--v. 2. Appendices sociocultural               and philosophical studies.-- v. 3. Appendices empirical, legal and               conceptual studies. 

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**ABSTRACTING AND INDEXING SERVICES**
 Abstracting and indexing services that index relevant journal               articles and other literature are listed below. Some suggested terms               are given as aids in searching. The following indexes are available               in most public and college libraries: 

*Applied Science & Technology Index*(1913-               )                               Z7913.I7 <SciRR>and CD-ROM                  See: Ethics                  Medical Ethics                 Science and Ethics                 Medical Research--Experimentation 

*Bibliography of Bioethics* (1975- )                  Z6675.E8B53 <SciRR> and MRR                  Corresponds to the BIOETHICSLINE database. 

*Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature*               (1956/60- )                  Z6675.N7C8 <SciRR>                  See: Ethics               Ethics, Nursing 

*General Science Index* (1978- )                  Z7401.G46 <SciRR>                  See: Bioethics                Medical Ethics 

*Hospital Literature Index* (1945/49- )                  Z6675.H75H67 <SciRR>                  See: Ethics, Medical                Ethics, Nursing                Euthanasia 

Index Medicus (1960- )                  Z6660.I422 <SciRR>                  See: Ethics, Medical                Ethics, Nursing                 Ethics, Pharmacy 

*Magazine Index* (1980- )                  Available in several formats in LC                  See: Bioethics                Medical Ethics 

*Readers' Guide to Periodical Literature* (1900-               )                  AI3.R45 <MRR>, <N&CPR>                  See: Bioethics 

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**JOURNALS**
              Journals that often contain articles on careers and career planning               can be found include the following: 
*American Journal of Law and Medicine* K1.M445*Bioethics*QH332.B517*JAMA: the Journal of the American Medical                     Association***R15.A48*Ethics in Science & Medicine*R5.S36*Hastings Center Report*R724.H27b*Journal of Medicine and Philosophy*R723.J66*Lancet*R31.L3*Nature*Q1.N2 *New England Journal of Medicine*R11.B7 *Science*Q1.S35 
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**REPRESENTATIVE JOURNAL ARTICLES**
Anderson, W. French. Human gene therapy: why draw               a line? *Journal of medicine and philosophy,* v. 14, 1989:               681-693.                  R723.J66 

Annas, George J., and others. Bioethicists' statement               on the U.S. Supreme Court's Cruzan decision. *New England journal               of medicine*, v. 323, Sept. 6, 1990: 686-687.                  R11.B7 

Areen, Judith C. Bioethics and law: the second stage:               balancing intelligent consent and individual autonomy. The Marks               Memorial Lecture for 1988-89. *Arizona law review*, v. 31,               summer 1989: 447-459.                  K1.R49 

Baum, Rudy M. Genetic screening: medical promise amid               legal and ethical questions. *Chemical & engineering news*,               v. 67, Aug. 7, 1989: 10-16.                  TP1.C35 

Bioethics commissions: international perspectives.               *Journal of medicine and philosophy*, v. 14, Aug. 1989: whole               issue.                  R723.J66 

Bopp, James, Jr., and James T. Burtchaell. Fetal tissue               transplantation: the fetus as medical commodity.*This world*,               no. 26, summer 1989: 54-79.                  B165.P7T48 

Childress, James F. Ethical criteria for procuring               and distributing organs for transplantation. *Journal of health               politics, policy and law*, v. 14, spring 1989: 87-113.                 RA395.A3J68 

Infertility and the new reproductive technologies.               *Journal of medicine and philosophy*, v. 14, Oct. 1989: 473-585.                                R723.J66 

Levine, Robert J. Fetal research: the underlying issue.*Scientific American*, v. 261, Aug. 1989: 112.                  T1.S5 

Lo, Bernard, Fenella Rouse, and Laurie Dornbrand.               Family decision making on trial: who decides for incompetent patients?               *New England journal of medicine*, v. 322, Apr. 26, 1990: 1228-1232.                                R11.B7 

Pollock, Stewart G. Life and death decisions: who               makes them and by what standards? *Rutgers law review*, v.               41, winter 1989: 505-540.                  K25.N69 

Roberts, Leslie. Ethical questions haunt new genetic               technologies. *Science*, v. 243, Mar. 3, 1989: 1134-1136.                  Q1.S35 

Swazy, Judith P. Ethical issues of artificial and               transplanted organs. *American scientist*, v. 75, Mar./Apr.               1987: 192-196.                  LJ85.S502 

Walters, LeRoy. Ethical issues in the prevention and               treatment of HIV infection and AIDS. *Science*, v. 239, Feb.               5, 1988: 597-603.                  Q1.S35 

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**SELECTED MATERIALS**
Selected materials available in the Science Reading               Room pamphlet boxes include the following: 

              Aroskar, Mila A. Ethical issues in community health nursing. *Nursing               clinics of North America*, v. 14, Mar. 1979: 35-44.             
 Coutts, Mary Carrington. *Basic resources in bioethics*.               Washington, National Reference Center for Bioethics Literature,               Kennedy Institute of Ethics, Georgetown University, 1989? 10 p.             

 Davis, Anne J. Ethics rounds with intensive care nurses. *Nursing               clinics of North America*. v. 14, no. 1, Mar. 1979: 45-55.

 Goldsmith, Marsha F. Health decisions for the American people               subject of new national bioethical policy group. *JAMA: the journal               of the American Medical Association*, v. 260, Nov. 4, 1988: 2478.             

 Kingman, Sharon. Medical research on trial. *New scientist*,               v. 111, Sept. 18, 1986: 48-52.

 Lumpp, Francesca. The role of the nurse in the bioethical decision-making               process. *Nursing clinics of North America*. v. 14, no. 1,               Mar. 1979: 13-21.

 Nelson, Lawrence J., and Nancy Milliken. Compelled medical treatment               of pregnant women; life, liberty and law in conflict. *JAMA: the               journal of the American Medical Association*, v. 259, Feb. 19,               1988: 1060-1066.

 Rensberger, Boyce. Tinkering with life. *Science* 81, v.               2, Nov. 1981: 45-49. 

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**ADDITIONAL SOURCES OF INFORMATION**
**BIOETHICSLINE** (database)                Office of Inquiries and Publications Management                National Library of Medicine                8600 Rockville Pike                Bethesda, Maryland 20014                Telephone: (800) 638-8480

Center for Bioethics                Joseph and Rose Kennedy Institute of Ethics                Georgetown University                Healy Hall, Room 102                37th & O Sts. NW                Washington, DC 20057                Telephone: (202) 687-3885                (800) 633-3849

Hastings Center                255 Elm Road                Briarcliff Manor, New York 10510-9974                Telephone: (914) 762-8500

American Society of Law and Medicine, Inc.                c/o Larry Gastin, J.D., Executive Director                765 Commonwealth Ave., 16th Floor                Boston, Massachusetts 02215                Telephone: (617) 262-4990

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