SFUN DRECORD S CT R 2201-0013 1 UNITE D STATE S ENVIRONMENTA L PROTECTIO N AGENC Y REGIO N I X 7 5 Hawthorn e Street Sa n Francisco , Ca . 94105-390 1 Augus t 14 , 199 2 SFUN D RECORD S CT R 

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MEMORANDU M SUBJECT : Sol a Optica l Superfun d Sit e Interi mClos e Ou t Repor t FROM : Jane t Kuefle r

Regiona l Rotatio n Progr a

THRU :

TO : Michae l Montgomer y

Remedia l Projec t Manager
Natha n Lau , Chie f Enforcemen t Respons e 'Sectio n

" Nancy"~Lindsay7^Chie f Superfun d Enforcemen t Branc h Keit hA . Takat a Deput yDirecto r fo r Superfund Jef f ZeZiksan , Directo r Hazardou s Wast e Managemen t Divisio n Danie l W . McGover n Regiona l Administrato r Thi s Superfun d Sit e Interi mClos e Ou t Repor t ha s bee n prepare d t o suppor t recategorizatio n o n th e Nationa l Prioritie s Lis t (NPL ) o f Sol a Optica l US Ai n Petaluma , California. . Thi s sit e i s undergoin g long-termremedia l actio n and th e constructio n phas e o f th e actio n i s complet e and operatin g properly . Apre certificatio n inspectio n wa s complete d o n Jul y20 , 1992 , t o determin e tha t th e remedywa s constructe d i n accordanc e wit h desig n specifications . Th e Sol a Optica l sit e therefor e qualifie s fo r reclassificatio n t o th e Constructio n Completio n categoryo f th e NPL . Th e attache d repor t ha s bee n prepare d i n accordanc e wit hth e "Procedure s fo r Completio n and Deletio n o f NP L Sites. " (OSWE R Directiv e 9320.2-3A , date d Septembe r 1991) . Thi s repor t ha s bee n reviewe d an d approve d byHeadquarters .

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PaperSUPERFUN DSIT E INTERI M CLOS E OU T REPOR T Sol a Optica l US A Petaluma , Californi a

I . SUMMAR YO F SIT E CONDITION S Background Sol a Optica l US Ai s locate d a t 150 0 Cade r Lan e i n souther n Sonoma County , California , o n th e southeaster n edg e o f th e Cit y o f Petaluma . Sol a ha s bee n manufacturin g hard-resi n ophthalmi c lense s sinc e 197 8 a t it s 35-acr e facilit yi n Petaluma' s industria l area . Th e sit e wa s propose d fo r inclusio n o n th e Nationa l Prioritie s Lis t (NPL ) i n Jun e 1988 , du e t o solvent s i n th e groun d water . Fina l NP L listing occurre d i n Februar y1990 . Th e manufacturin g proces s involve s th e injectio n o f a catalyzed , thermosettin g resi n int o a cavit ybetwee n polishe d glas s molds . Th e mol d assembl yi s subsequentl yplace d i n a n ai r ove nt o cur e th e resin . Th e assembl yi s remove d fro mth e oven , th e cure d resi n lense s remove d fro mth e assembly , and th e assembl yi s pu t throug ha cleanin g proces s befor e productio n i s repeated . Th e facilit yi s locate d i n a n are a zone d fo r industria l uses . Residentia l subdivision s ar e locate d abou t 30 0 fee t northwes t o f th e site . Propert yadjacen t t o th e sit e i s use d fo r offic e spac e and manufacturing ; som e o f th e adjacen t lan d i s undeveloped . Sol a identifie d solvent s i n th e ground wate r unde r th e Sol a propert ynea r si xunderground solven t storag e tanks . Sol a use d thes e si x1,00 0 gallo n undergroun d tank s t o stor e 1,1,1

- trichloroethan e (1,1, 1 TCA) , acetone , and methanol . I n Jul y 1985 , Sol a independentl yremove d th e underground tanks . Th e remova l o f th e tank s reportedl yinclude d th e excavatio n o f grave l back-fil l and a nadditiona l thre e (3 ) fee t o f nativ e soi l fro m th e side s and botto mo f th e tank excavation . Sol a collecte d twenty-tw o (22 ) soi l sample s fro mth e excavatio n pit . Base d o n th e analysi s o f thes e soi l samples , Sol a excavate d a n additiona l two (2 ) fee t fromth e eastern wal l o f th e excavatio n pit . I n Jul y1986 , additiona l sample s take n followin g th e excavatio n indicate d th e presenc e o f volatil e organi c compound s (VOC's) ; however , n o additiona l excavatio n wa s conducted .

Sola' s earl yinvestigatio n als o confirme d tha t groun d wate r a t th e sit e wa s contaminate d wit hVOC's , includin g 1,1,1

- TCA , 1,l-dichloroethan e (1,1-DCE) , 1,1-dichloroethan e (1,1-DCA) , and methylen e chloride . I n 1983 , th e Sa n Francisc o Regiona l Wate r Qualit yContro l Boar d (SFRWQCB ) directe d Sol a t o investigat e th e ground wate r a t th e site . I n 1987 , th e SFRWQC Bissue d Sol a a Cleanup Orde r t o construc t a ground wate r

extractio n and treatmen t system . I n Augus t 1988 , Sol a bega n operatin g it s ground wate r extractio n and treatmen t system . Sol a currentl ydischarge s th e treate d ground wate r t o Adob e Cree k unde r a Nationa l Pollutan t Discharg e Eliminatio n Syste m(NPDES ) permi t fromth e SFRWQCB . I n Apri l 1990 , EP Arequire d Sol a t o collec t and analyz e subsurfac e soil s and soi l gases . Contaminant s i n soil s di d no t excee d leachabl e level s tha t woul d resul t i n ground wate r contaminatio n abov e maximu mcontaminan t level s (MCL's) . Remedia l Plannin g Activitie s Th e Sol a facilit ywa s propose d fo r th e Nationa l Prioritie s Lis t (NPL ) i n Jun e 1988 . EPAfound Sol a Optica l US At o b e th e sol e potentiall yresponsibl e part yfo r th e site . AGenera l and Specia l Notic e wa s issue d t o Sol a prio r t o negotiations . Sol a ha s finance d and conducte d a Remedia l Investigation/Feasibilit y Stud y(RI/FS ) unde r an EPAAdministrativ e Consen t Orde r (Docke t #89-22) , signe d i n Octobe r 1989 . Th e Remedia l Investigatio n include d samplin g o f soils , soi l gas , an d ground water . Th e Remedia l Investigatio n Report , whic h summarize d thes e activities , wa s submitte d bySol a o nDecembe r 3 , 1990 . EP Acomplete d th e Ris k Assessmen t i nApri l 1991 . Th e Feasibilit yStudywa s submitte d b ySol a o nJun e 10 , 1991 . Th e propose d cleanu p level s fo r ground wate r contaminants , liste d below , wer e base d o nth e lowe r o f Stat e and Federa l drinkin g wate r standards .

Tabl e 1 . Clean-u pLevel s fo r Groun dwater ,

Sol a Optica l sit e part s pe r billio n(ppb ) Chemica l
1 , 1-Dichloroethylen e 1 , 1-Dichloroethan e 1,1 , 1-Tr ichloroethan e Freo n 11 3 Clean-u p Leve l part s pe r billio n (ppb )



### 6 5 20 0 

### 1,20 0 Fiv e alternatives , includin g no-action , wer e evaluate d fo r remediatin g th e aquifer . Unde r th e no-actio n alternative , i t wa s predicte d tha t cleanup level s woul d b e achieve d bynatura l attenuatio n withi n 50 0 years .

### EPAissue d th e Recor d o f Decisio n (ROD ) fo r th e sit e o n

Septembe r 27 , 1991 . Th e selecte d remedyincludes : Continue d operatio no f th e existing extractio n well , installatio no f tw o additiona l shallo wextractio n wells , and conversio n o f tw o dee p monitorin g well s int o extractio n wells . Treatmen t b

ycarbo nadsorptio n i f th e wate r i s discharge d t o Adob e Creek . Alternatively , th e wate r mayb e discharge d t o th e cit ysewag e treatmen t facility . Th e cit yha s a nindustria l discharg e limi t o f 1 par t pe r millio nfo r tota l toxi c organics . Unde r thi s alternative , i t wa s estimate d tha t th e cleanup level s woul db e achieve d i n15-2 0 years . Th e cos t o f th e selecte d remedyi s estimate d t o b e betwee n $2. 1 and $2. 2 million . Remedia l Constructio nActivitie s Th e installatio no f th e tw o additiona l shallo wextractio n well s and th e conversio no f th e tw o monitorin g well s int o extractio nwell s wer e complete d b yApri l 30 , 1992 . Thes e well s wer e connecte d t o th e existing ground wate r treatmen t plan t whic h continue d t o trea t wate r pumpe d fromth e nin e previousl yexistin g extractio nwells . EPAinspecte d th e ongoin g constructio n o f th e extractio n well s o n Apri l 21 , 1992 . Communit yRelation s Activitie s Tw o fac t sheet s wer e prepare d describin g th e investigatio n andcleanu p activitie s a t th e Sol a site . I nJun e 199 1 EP Aissue d th e propose d cleanup plan , an d opene d a 30-daypubli c commen t perio d o nJun e 17 , 1991 . Apubli c meetin g describin g th e RI/F S andpropose d pla nwa s hel di nPetalum a o nJun e 25 , 1991 . II . DEMONSTRATIO N O F QUALIT YASSURANCE/QUALIT YCONTRO L (QA/QC ) FRO M CLEANU P ACTIVITIE S 

### Th e QA/Q C programuse d throughou t th e remedia l investigatio n and durin g th e remedia l actio n ha s bee n sufficientl yrigorou s t o enabl e EP Aand th e Stat e o f Californi a t o determin e tha t al l analytica l result s ar e accurat e t o th e degre e neede d t o ensur e satisfactoryexecutio no f th e ROD . Al l monitorin g wa s performe d usin g EPA-approve d methods .III . MONITORIN GRESULT S



### Sol a wa s require d t o monito r ground wate r well s thre e time s pe r year . I nMarc h1992 , thi s schedul e wa s modifie d base d o n historica l VO C concentrations , ground wate r flo wgradients , and wel l locations . Routin e monitorin g and reportin g o f th e qualit y o f ground wate r fromth e monitorin g and extractio n well s wil l occu r o na quarterly , semiannual , o r annua l basis . Recen t monitorin g result s showconcentration s abov e th e cleanup criteri a fo r 1,l-Dichloroethen e and 1,1-Dichloroethan e i n severa l wells . Base d o n thi s data , quarterl ymonitorin g i s no w require d fo r thirtee nwells , includin g thos e wit hth e highes t VO C levels , s o tha t th e effectivenes s o f th e extractio n systemcan b e evaluated . Si xadditiona l monitorin g well s wil l b e monitore d semiannually , an d eigh t well s wil l b e monitore d annually . EP A too k spli t sample s wit hSola' s contracto r fro mseve n monitorin g well s o nJun e 26 , 1992 . Sol a wil l initiall yb e dischargin g th e treate d ground wate r t o Adob e Creek . Sol a mayi nth e futur e discharg e some o r al l o f th e groun d wate r t o th e Cit yo f Petaluma"POTW , and thi s discharg e woul db e subjec t t o industria l pretreatmen t limits . IV . SUMMAR YO F OPERATIO N AN DMAINTENANC E 

### Th e extractio nand treatmen t systemwa s inspecte d b yth e EP A Remedia l Projec t Manage r and a Representativ e fromth e Stat e o f Californi a o nJul y20 , 1992 . Th e Remedia l Actio n Repor t submitte d b

ySol a certifie s tha t th e plan t i s operatin g and tha t al l constructio n a t th e sit e i s complete . Th e Sa nFrancisc o Regiona l Wate r Qualit yContro l Boar d als o provide d fina l certificatio no f th e implementatio n o f th e remedy . Th e plan t wil l continu e t o b e operate d b yth e PRP . A s th e constructio n phas e o f th e remedyi s complet e and operatin g properly , th e sit e meet s th e requirement s fo r inclusio n i nth e Long-termRespons e Actio n subcategoryo f th e Constructio n Completio ncategoryo f th e NPL . Groun d wate r cleanup standard s ar e expecte d t o b e achieve di n15-2 0 years , a t whic htim e pumpin g wil l ceas e an d n o furthe r operatio n an d maintenanc e wil l b e required . V . SUMMAR YO F FIV E YEA RREVIE W STATU S 

### Sectio n121(c ) o f th e Comprehensiv e Environmenta l Respons e Compensatio nand Liabilit yAc t (CERCLA ) require s tha t EP Areview , n o les s ofte ntha neac hfiv e years , anyremedia l actio n selecte d tha t result s i nan yhazardou s substances , pollutants , o r contaminant s remainin g a t th e site . Th e RO D fo r th e Sol a Optica lsit e contain s cleanup level s that , whe n attained , wil l allo w

unlimite d us e and unrestricte d exposure . OSWE RDirectiv e 9355.7

- 0 2 (Structure an

d Component s o f Five-Yea r Reviews, " May23 , 1991 ) provide s tha t EP Awil l conduc t five-yea r review s a s a matte r o f polic y(PolicyReview ) a t site s wher e hazardou s substance s wil l remai n abov e level s tha t allo wunlimite d us e an d unrestricte d exposur e afte r completio n o f constructio n o f th e remedia l action , bu t th e clean-up level s specifie d i nth e RO D wil l requir e fiv e o r mor e year s t o attain . Th e site' s treatmen t systemwa s functiona l i n 1988 , s o th e sit e wil l b e subjec t t o a five-yea r revie wi n 1993 . Base d o n th e five-yea r review , EPA , i n consultatio n wit hth e Stat e o f California , wil l determin e whethe r huma n healt hand th e environmen t ar e bein g protecte d b yth e remedia l actio n bein g implemented . VI . PROTECTIVENES S Thi s Interi mCloseou t Repor t wil l b e amende d whe n al l RO D cleanup objective s hav e bee n achieved , and confirmator yground wate r samplin g demonstrate s tha t th e sit e n o longe r pose s an y threa t t o huma n healt hand th e environment . Asit e map and a lis t o f report s relevan t t o th e completio n o f thi s sit e unde r th e Superfun d programar e attached .

Approve d By : Disapprove d By :

Danie l W.McGovernDat e Danie l W . McGover n Dat e Regiona l Administrato r Regiona l Administrato rp.A«•«••»•:'. »- V I CAS ACH/i.NVF.

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Reference s 1 . Remedia l Investigation , Sol a Optica l Superfund Site , Petaluma , California , Decembe r 3 , 1990 . 2 . Feasibilit yStudy , Sol a Optica l Superfund Site , Petaluma , California , Jun e 10 , 1991 . 3 . Recor d o f Decision , Sol a Optica l Superfun d Site , Petaluma , California , EP ARegio n9 , Septembe r 27 , 1991 . 4 . Join t EPA/Stat e Certificatio no f Implementatio no f Remedy , Sol a Optica l Superfund Site , Petaluma , California . EP A Regio n9 and Sa n Francisc o Regiona l Wate r Qualit yContro l Board , Jul y20 , 1992 .ROUTIN G AN D TRANSMITTA L SLI P Dat a Jul y 31 , 199 2

Actio n Approva l As Requested Circulat e Commen t Coordinatio n Fo rClearanc e Fo rCorrectio n For-Your-lnformation— : Investigate Justif y Not e an d Retur n Pe rConversatio n Prepar e Reply Se e Signatur e REMARK

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