P.1 

OAR Box 1147 

Prepped by Ollie Stewart 

Document Number: 

150) IV-E-23 

Docket Number: 

A-87-11 

Printed 4/22/2008 2:42:55 PM Sheet 150 of 242 
TT 

P.2 

w 

FEE. 7 

UNITED STATES ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY 

ANN ARBOR. MICHIGAN 48105 

OFFICE OF 

AIR AND RADIATION 

MEMORANDUM 

SUBJECT: Meeting with Kuraray Chemical Regarding Onboard NPRM 

FROM: 

TO: 

THRU: 

Kathleen A. Steilen, Chemical Engineer t > • ''^•--•

 r\ '••'• -i.*-".. *•*•-.. -, •, 

Standards Development and Support Branch 

Docket A-87-11 

Glenn W. Passavant, Sen 

Standards Development a 

Chester J. France, Chie 

Standards Development a 

ject Manage r

 tyJk^^®*^ 

Branch 

On December 8, 1987, I met with Ken Von Hertsenberg and 

Yoichi Mizuno of Mitsubishi Corporation and Itaru Nishimura, 

Dr. Hideaki Oka, and Kikujiro Kihara of Kuraray Chemical 

Company, Limited at EPA's Motor Vehicle Emission Laboratory in 

Ann Arbor regarding EPA's onboard NPRM. Kuraray Chemical is an 

activated carbon supplier in Japan which is interested in 

carbon for onboard equipped vehicles. At this 

showed them an onboard control prototype system and 

copy of EPA's refueling control NPRM and other key 

support documents. I discussed this proposal with 

answered any related questions. In addition, we 

carbon availability. They said carbon availability 

was not a problem, but rather a matter of leadtime. They felt 

that it was possible to meet the carbon demand with two years 

of leadtime, but that more leadtime or a phase-in of controls 

would make the demand easier to meet. Kuraray also provided 

EPA with test data on activated carbon and canisters 

(attached). At the close of the meeting, I gave them a brief 

tour of the laboratory. 

supplying 

meeting, I 

provided a 

regulatory 

them and 

discussed 

Attachment 
P.3 

A Table of Submitted Documents by Kuraray Chemical Co., Ltd. 

Dec. 8, 1987 

Title Page 

Quick determination of deterioration durability on F001-004 

B.W.C. of activated carbon for automobile canister. 

G.W.C.-deterioration durability. F005-007 

Influence of canister volume on B.W.C. valves. G001-002 

Influence of canister shape on G.W.C. of KG-D. G003-004 

Influence of thermal conductivity of canister on B.W.C. G005-008 

Relation of canister volume and Purge air B.V. to G009-010 

obtain 130g G.W.C. 

Adsorbed gasoline purge characteristics. G011 

Influence of Heat capacity of carbon on B.W.C. G012 

n-Butane adsorption isotherms (25, 50, 75°C). G013-014 

Vibration test of canister. G015 

Measurement of gasoline vapor evolution on refueling. H001-004 

Working Capacity with various hydrocarbons. H005 

Influence of gasoline vapor concentration on G.W.C. H006-007 

Residual adsorptives and Analysis in used canisters. H008-011 

Actual Refueling Test. H012-014 
~ry—*= • •- -— • ••—i-^~, : . ,,., _ , „,...,...., P.4 

F001 y 

KURARAY CHEMICAL CO., LTD. 

NO. 1-4-14 SHI8ATA 

KITA-KU. OSAKA. JAPAN 

TELEPHONE > OSAKA ^04)-373-3381 

TELEX • 5233497 KCC J 

Quick Determination of Deterioration-durability on 

B.V.Cof activated carbon for automobile canister. 

•1. Method 

A)Preparation of Deteriorated Carbon 

1.Adsorption and Desorption of Diethylbenzene (DEB) 

Diethylbenzene is a component of gasoline, which has boiling point 

18W84* C 

Container ;made of glass tube 17.5mm4, 24ml activated carbon 

Adsorption;Temperature 50*C, 

1/3 saturated vapor pressure of DEB 

Air for saturation of DEB;1.5 1/min 

Dilution Air;3.0 1/min 

Let the carbon reach to the equiribrated adsorption 

As a matter of fact, until the weight-inrement of carbon is 

less than 1% of activated carbon weight in 30 min. 

Desorption;Temperature 50*C 

Purge Air 3.0 1/min 

Until weight-decrement of carbon is less than lOOmg in 30min. 

Experimental Apparatus is shown is the attached figure. 

2.Measurement of Butane Working Capacity 

By Kuraray Chemical Method. 
P.5 

KURARAY CHEMICAL CO., LTD 

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KITA-KU. OSAKA. JAPAN 

TELEPHONE . OSAKA (06)-373-3381 

TELEX i 5233697 KCC J 

F002 2 , 

DEB-Detriorated Carbon Preparation Apparatus 

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P.6 

KURARAY CHEMICAL CO., LTD. 

NO. 1-4-14 SHIBATA 

KITA-KU. OSAKA. JAPAN 

TELEPHONE • OSAKA (06)-373-3381 

TELEX t 5233697 KCC 1 

F003 4 

B.W.C. of Deteriorated Carbon with various substances. 

o 

mm* 

V 

B 

CJ 

m-\ 

<f) 

ca 

;...:Lu_' A J p-Xylene 

Q ; TrimethylbenzeneE 

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X ; Naphthalene ! 

2i 0 0 20 

.:.:j 

30 

Residual Adsorption (wt%) 

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Adsorption and Desorption of DEB 

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±Ads_ 

;!::::!:l^^>HS,.|^:_^..t.oj 

20--

2 3 4 

Elapsed Time (Hr) 
P.7 

KURARAY CHEMICAL CO., LTD 

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KITA-KU. OSAKA, JAPAN 

TELEPHONE : OSAKA (06) -373-3381 

TELEX i 5233697 KCC J 

F004 Hs 

2-Results 

lll l 1 1 

|New carboni Sample | DEB | Detriorated Carbon I Durability | 

I B.W.C. | Weight | Res.-Ads. j Butane 1 rate | 

j (g/dl) | (g) i ('/.) 1 Ads.(%) Des.(%) B.W.C. j (•/.) j 

1 1 1 lii l "1 

KG-D | 10.22 | 10.684 | 28.3 1 12.0 | 99.0 I 6.79 I 66.4 j 

KG-D | 10.09 | 10.570 | 29.4 | 11.8 j 99.1 | 6.64 | 65.8 | 

KG-trial| 11.00 I 10.176 | 27.2 I 14.9 I 98.5 I 7.90 | 73.1 I 

KG-triall 10.86 I 9.740 | 24.2 I 14.8 | 98.5 | 8.66 | 79.7 | 

Germany | 5.15 I 9.0414 | 25.4 I 8.3 1 98.6 I 3.87 I 75.6 | 

USA A | 7.15 | 9.434 | 34.1 I 8.5 j 99.6 | 4.46 1 62.3 | 

B | 5.88 | 11.804 | 33.2 I 4.8 j 100.5 i 3.20 j 54.4 j 

C | 7.36 | 5.856 I 38.8 i 14.8 | 98.9 | 4.97 | 67.5 | 

D | 8.84 | 8.470 I 34.6 j 12.8 | 97.3 1 5.91 J 66.8 I 

Japan A 1 9.97 | 10.620 j 33.0 | ' 10.7 | 98.7 | 6.21 j 62.3 | 

B | 7.31 | 8.327 | 52.9 | 6.1 | 99.8 j 3.24 I 44.3 I 

C | 7.19 | 11.640 | 31.4 | 6.3 I 99.5 | 3.99 j 55.5 | 

D | 7.11 | 11.240 | 35,1 | 6.0 | 100.5 | 3.81 1 53.6 | 

1 * 1 1 1 1 1 ! J . .... 1 
P.8 

F005 y 

KURARAY CHEMICAL CD., LTD. 

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KITA-KU. OSAKA. JAPAN 

TELEPHONE • OSAKA (06) -373-3381 

TELEX. 5233697 KCC J 

G.W.C. - deterioration durability 

l.Test Condition 

Activated Carbon 5450^ (96"4 * 62H) 

Gasoline ;Nippon Peteroleum Co.- made "Silver gasoline" 

Adsorption ;Evolving 50vol.% gasoline vapor at 30^32*C by bubblin 

method,adsorb it until break point (0.6vol.X leakage) 

Desorption ;Dry Air 1.73 1/min. * 50mln.(200B.V.) 

Pause ;3min. between each process 

Circumstance ;31^324C Air Bath 

2.Results 

See attached sheets. 

Both initial G.W.C. and about after 1000 cycle - G.W.C. of KG-D are 

better than wood base series. 
P.9 

KURARAY CHEMICAL CO., LTD. 

F006 

% 

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KITA-KU. OSAKA. JAPAN 

TELEPHONE . OSAKA (06)-373-3381 

TELEX i 5233697 KCC J 

G.W.C.Deterloratlon durability test (Weight change) 

u 

4) 

-Q 

a 

z 

•U 

CJ 

>> 

Q mm 

-O 

u 

O 

OV-l/2) 3SB8J0UI }M3!3M 
P.10 

KURARAY CHEMICAL CO, LTD. 

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TELEX i 5233697 KCC J 

F007 % 

G.W.C.Deterloratlon durability test (G.W.C. change) 

-O 

e 

3 

CJ 

u 

Q' 

(l/3)'D'«'D 
P.11 

KURARAY CHEMICAL CO., LTD. 

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TELEPHONE i OSAKA (06)-373-3381 

TELEX i 5233697 KCC J 

G001 J* 

Influence of canister volume on B.W.C.values. 

l.Test Condition 

1 Illll l 

1 Methed | | A I B | C | D | 

1 Sample Vol. | ml I 24 j 100 | 450 | 4000 | 

I Container siz e D | mm | 17.5 j 40 | 96 | 165 | 

1 container L/U I | D. / | I \ u.oo | l.zo | 

I Temperature | *C I 25 | 25 1 25 j 25 | 

1 T. , . 1 1 . , . 1 1 . . 1 . - 1 

1 Temperaure medium | | Water | Water | Air | Air | 

I Butane feed |l/min. | 0.22 | 1.0 I 4.5 I 40 I 

I feed time | min. |Saturated|Break point|Break pointlBreak pointl 

| Purge Air |l/min. | 0.24 | 2.5 I 2.25 | 20 I 

I Purge Time | min. | 20 j 10 I 50 1 50 | 

1 Purge bed Vol. | | ZOU | 250 | 250 | 2b0 | 

1 Illll l 

iBetween Ads.and Des.| min. I 5 | 5 I 5 | 5 | 

1 III. ! 1 1 

2.Result 

These measurement results are shown in the attached figure. 

1.B.W.C.(g/dl) are different from each other. 

A > B > C = D 

Sample volume is the larger, B.W.C.(g/dl)is the smaller. 

2.The causes of these phenomena are, we think, the thermal conductivity and 

thermal capacity. The former is more important. 
P.12 

KURARAY CHEMICAL CO., LTD. 

G002 V, 

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KITA-KU. OSAKA. JAPAN 

TELEPHONE . OSAKA (06) -373-3381 

TELEX i 5233697 KCC J 

Influence of Canister Volume 

3E 

03 

16 

15 

14 

13 

12 

11 

10 

9; 

i 

8 

7 

6 

5 

••&•• 

:iii ! aiHAi 

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::-:{ 

Symbol 

O KG-D 

©KG-trial 

A Wood Base A 

• Wood Base B 

A Wood Base C 

•••I 

Methods 
KURARAY CHEMICAL CD, LTD.-

G003 \s 

'2. 

NO. 1-4-14 SHIBATA 

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TELEX i 5233697 KCC J 

Influence of Canister Shape on G.W.C. of KG-D 

l.Form of Canister 

A.Oval B.Cylindrical 

K A H 

H=155mm,L=320mm 

W=110mm 

Filling Volume=3.8 1 

=1679.6g 

L/D=about 0.6 

2.Test oTdition 

2.1 Apparatus 

D=133mm4 

H=325mm 

Filling Volume=3.7 1 

=1635.4g 

L/D=2.4 

Dry Air 

-? 

1/min. 

, • • 

• • • 

Thermostated 

water Bath 

36° C 

r 1 

Canister ' Detection Canister 

i ^J\T-

.J 

Thermostated 

Air Bath 

32'C 

Electronic Balance 
KURARAY CHEMICAL CO., LTD. 

G004 

NO. 1-4-14 SHIBATA 

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TELEPHONE . OSAKA (06)-373-3381 

TELEX i 5233697 KCC J ' 

2.2 Condition 

Adsorption ; 

-*i 

Gasoline ASTM D gasoline 6 1/each adsorption cycle 

Gasoline temperature 32*C 

Bubbling Air 20 1/min. evolving about I70g/2min. 

Break point Until Detection canister weight become 2g 

Desorption ; 200Bed Volume dry air 

Pause time ; 5min. after each process 

and other time (20Hr,44Hr) 

3.Results 

A. Difference of G.W.C. 

I Canister shape 

j G.W.C.(g/canister) 

1 G.W.C.(g/1) 

1 

1 average break time (sec.) 

A 

159.9 

42.1 

116 

B 1 

I 1 

180.6 | 

48.8 ! 

125 I 
P.15 

KURARAY CHEMICAL CO, LTD. 

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TELEX i 5233697 KCC J 

G005 * 

Influence of thermal conductivity of canister on B.W.C. 

1.Change of canister diameter 

Test condition 

1 

I Column 

JTemperature 

j Adsorption 

I Desorption 

i 

i 

hight 100mm, galvanized-iron-made | 

25*C Air bath ( both adsorption and desorption ) j 

Butane lOOvol.% equilibrium adsorption j 

Dry air 10 Bed Vol./rain. * 20 min. I 

i 

Results 

1 

|No. 

1 1 

1 2 

1 3 

1 4 

i 

Diameter 

mm 4 

16.5 

41.0 

59.0 

78.0 

Activa 

(g) 

10.2 

63.2 

130.0 

227.0 

ted Carbon 

(cc) 

21.5 

132 

273 

478 

Adsorption 

(wt*) 

29.2 

29.0 

28.8 

28.4 

B 

g/dl 

8.2 

7.3 

6.9 

6.4 

W 

l 

.C. | 

ratio I 

1 

1.00 I 

0.89 | 

0.84 | 

0.78 | 

i 
P.16 

KURARAY CHEMICAL CO., LTD. 

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KITA-KU, OSAKA. JAPAN 

TELEPHONE . OSAKA (06) -373-3381 

TELEX, 5233697 KCC J 

G006 z

y 

2.Position in Caniser 

TUTU 

Hight 100mm A;278c c B;155Lt ^57" ^ 

galvanized iron-made 

Measurement condition is 

the same as the above. 

Results 

1 

1 Position 

| A 

1 B 

1 c 

I Total 

Activa 

(g) 

128.3 

73.6 

27.0 

229.0 

ted Carbon 

(cc) 

270 

155 

57 

482 

Adsorption 

wt(g) 

37.6 

21.5 

7.9 

67.0 

Desorption 

wt(g) 

19.4 

9.7 

3.2 

32.3 

B. 

g/dl 

7.2 

6.3 

5.6 

6.6 

l 

w.c. ! 

ratio 1 

1.00 | 

0.88 | 

0.78 | 

0.92 j 
P.17 

KURARAY CHEMICAL CO., LTD. 

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KITA-KU. OSAKA. JAPAN 

TELEPHONE : OSAKA (06)-373-3381 

TELEX i 5233697 KCC J 

G007 

% 

3.Thermal conductivity-improved canister 

Four canisters (A.B.CD.) are shown in a attached sheet. 

Canisters were made of galvanized iron. 

Test Condition 

1 1 1 

1 AC volume | 478ml KG-D | 

j n-Butane flow j 0.35Nl/min. (0.91g/min.) down-flow j 

j Purge air flow j 4.78 1/min. up-flow j 

j Purge time I 20min. (200 B.V.) | 

| Pause | after each process , lOmin. | 

j Break point | 1000 ppm (CHia) 1 

j Measurement temp. | 25"C air bath I 

I I i 

Results 

1 

I B.W.C. g/dl 

Iproportionali ty 

i 

A 

4.79 

1.00 

Canister 

B 

5.71 

1.19 

C 

6.08 

1127 

1 

D I 

1 

6.98 | 

1 

1.46 | 

i 
KURARAY CHEMICAL CO.. LTD. 

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TELEXi 5233697 KCC J 

Shape and Structure of Canisters 

B 

* 

-* 

ST 

r\ 

mm 

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P.18 

G008 ^ 

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Activated Carbon Volume of Canister (|_) 

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G010 2 < 

KURARAY CHEMICAL CO., LTD. 

NO. 1-4.14 SHIBATA 

KITA-KU. OSAKA. JAPAN 

TELEPHONE • OSAKA (06) -373-3381 

TELEX • 5233697 KCC J 

Relation of canister volume and Purge air volume to obtain 130g G.W.C. 

E •3 

o 

4) 

M 

U 

3 

CU 

Activated Carbon Volume of Canister (1) 
P.21 

KURARAY CHEMICAL CO., LTD. 

NO. 1.4-14 SHIBATA 

KITA-KU. OSAKA. JAPAN 

TELEPHONE . OSAKA (06)-373-3381 

TELEX. 5233697 KCC J 

G011 

Adsorpted Gasoline Purge Characteristics 

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G012 

KURARAY CHEMICAL CO, LTD. 

NO. 1-4-14 SHI8ATA 

KITA-KU. OSAKA. JAPAN 

TELEPHONE t OSAKA (06; -373-3381 

TELEX. 5233697 KCC J 

Influence of Heat capacity of carbon on B.W.C. 

l.Test Condition 

1 • 1 

1 Activated Carbon 

1 Adsorption 

1 Desorption 

1 Circumstance 

I Pause time 

i 

450cc 

i 

(96*9* * 62M)surrounded by adiabatic material | 

n-Butane 4.5 1/min. | 

until break point of 0.3vol % j 

Dry Air 2.25 1/min. * 50min. (250 B.V.) | 

25#C Air Bath | 

5 min. between each process | 

2.Results 

1 

I Bulk density CC/g 

1 B.W.C.g/dl. 

1 i 

1 Temperature 1 

i i 1 I 

I in Can . I 

i 

I At=(Max.- Min.) 

1 At/B.W.C. 

i 

Max. 

Min. 

I KG-D 

j 0.442 

I 5.2 

I 71.8 

J 17.8 

J 54.0 

1 10.4 

1 

1 

KG-trialj 

0.430 | 

5.9 j 

74.8 I 

16.5 | 

58.3 j 

9.9 | 

i 

Wood base A 

0.243 

4.1 

76.5 

18.0 

58.5 

14.3 

i 

Wood base B| 

0.281 1 

4.7 | 

78.7 | 

18.0 | 

60.7 | 

12.9 i 

i 

1) As on-board canister is very large (about 4 1), adsorption heat and 

desorption heat affect to decrease the working capacity because of a 

little heat conductivity of carbon. 

2) Therefore, heat capacity of carbon is very important. 

In other word, the heavier carbon, the larger heat capacity. 

Above result represent these effect. 

Of course, heat conductivity is also more important. 
G013 I 

KURARA Y CHEMICA L CD , LTD . 

N O . 1-4-14 SHIBATA 

KITA-KU, OSAKA. JAPAN 

TELEPHONE i OSAKA .'06) -373-3381 

TELEX • 5233697 KCC J 

X 

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ip/*** ,Y CH£' 

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-Butane 
G015 

KURARAY CHEMICAL CO., LTD. 

NO. 1-4-14 SHIBATA 

KITA-KU. OSAKA. JAPAN 

TELEPHONE i OSAKA (06)-373-338J 

TELEX i 5233697 KCC i 

Vibration test of canister 

l.Test condition 

I I • 1 

1 Acceleration I 15G I 

I Amplitude mm I 0.4 (at 100Hz) 3.6 (at 32Hz) I 

I Frequency Hz I 32 *\ 100 | 

1 Variation of frequency | linear raise and down for each 10 min. j 

j Test time Hr. j 25 1 

| Canister | 450CC vol. KG-D and Coal base I 

i i i 

2.Results 

1 II I 

I I KG-D | Coal base I 

j Ball-pan hardness(JIS) | 97.5% | 93.2% I 

1 1 I 1 1 1 

I Fine powder (mg) | Before | After | Before | After | 

1 | 2.8 | 4.0 | 6.6 | 19.0 | 

j Pressure drop mmAo- II I I I 

1 10 1/min. | 10 | 12 | 10 | 12 | 

I 20 | 26 | 29 | 25 | 29 | 

I 30 | 52 | 56 | 52 | 60 | 

I 40 . | 82 | 87 | 82 I 92 | 

I 50 | 122 | 127 | 121 | 134 1 

I I 

I Dirt of filte r in can. I almost no I remarkable black I 

i II I 

KG-D is very good, compared with coal base. 
KURARAY CHEMICAL CO, LTD. 

H001 1/ 

NO. 1-4-14 SHIBATA 

KITA-KU. OSAKA, JAPAN 

TELEPHONE i OSAKA (06)-373-3381 

TELEX i 5233697 KCC J 

Measurement of Gasoline Vapor Evolution on Refueling. 

1.Method and Apparatus 

Gasoline 

We make use of the gasoline made in "Nippon Petroleum Co.Ltd", 

corresponding to ASTM B gasoline. 

The maker told us that RVP of gasoline might fluctuate between 9 and 10. 

Apparatus 

See attached figure of apparatus. We use the air-bubbling method as the 

vapor evolution method, catch the vapor by activated carbon perfectly and 

measure the weight-imcrement of activated carbon periodically, shown in 

attached figure. 

Calculation method 

We make use of the weight of initial 30sec. and calculate gasoline vapor 

volume per refueling gallon of gasoline. 

As we experienced that the gasoline vapor in these condition has a average 

molecular weight of 70, we convert the increment in weight to gas volume. 

For example, at 30'C with bubbling air 30'/.m.(at 20'C) 

Activated Carbon gets 58g-weight increment 

58 4 70 * 22.4

 y-ffY = 19.92 1 

Total exclusion volume = 19.92 + 30 * -y- =34.92 1 = 9.21 gal. 

Vt = 58 T 9.21 = 6.30 g/gal. 
P.27 

H002 

KURARAY- CHEMICAL CO., LTD. 

ZA 

NO. 1-4-14 SHIBATA 

KITA-KU. OSAKA. JAPAN 

TELEPHONE : OSAKA (06) -373-3381 

TELEX • 5233697 KCC J 

Then we compare our results with EPA's equation 

V = -5.909 - 0.0949AT + 0.0884TD + 0.485 R.V.P. 

V ; vapor evolution volume (g/gal) 

AT ;(Fuel temperature in Tank)-

(Fuel temperature on refueling)(*F) 

To ; Fuel temperature on refueling (*F) 

R.V.P.; Gasoline vapor pressure at 100'F (psi) 

Vapor evolution g/gal. 

r i i i i 

I Temperature | Experiment | Calculation | Ratio | 

I °CCF) | VT 1 RVP=10(Vci) RVP=9(Vcz) I VT/Vci VT/VC2 j 

I 25 (77) | 5.28 I 5.75 5.27 | 0.918 1.002 | 

| 30 (86) | 6.30 | 6.54 6.C6 | 0.963 1.040 | 

I 35 (95) | 7.20 | 7.34 6.86 | 0.981 1.050 | 

i i i i 

I From another bubbling method experiment. I 

I I I i 1 

I 31 (88) | 7.80 | 8.08 (RVP 12.8) | 0.965 | 

There is very good agreement with EPA's equation. 
H003 «2 

KURARAY CHEMICAL CO., LTD. 

H 

NO. 1-4-14 SHIBATA 

KITAJCU. OSAKA. JAPAN 

TELEPHONE: OSAKA (06)-373-3381 

TELEX i 5233697 KCC J 

Gasoline Vapor Evolution Apparatus (bubbling method) 

c 

<u 

tn 

<v 

m0 

(0 

mm 

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CM 

C a— 

o sJQ o 

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CO 

CJ 

3t 

4) 
KURARAY CHEMICAL CO., LTD. 

NO. 1-4-14 SHIBATA 

KITA-KU, OSAKA, JAPAN 

TELEPHONE i OSAKA (06)-373-3381 

TELEX i 5233697 KCC J 

H004 4> 

% 

Relation of Bubbling Air and Vapor evolution 

200: 

hfl 

c 

o 

o 

> 

IU 

so 

o. 

co 

> 

c 

o 

CO 

<o 

Elapsed Time (sec.) 
P.30 

KURARAY CHEMICAL CO., LTD. 

NO. 1-4-14 SHIBATA 

KITA-KU, OSAKA. JAPAN 

TELEPHONE . OSAKA (06)-373-3381 

TELEX i 5233697 KCC J 

Working Capacity with Various Hydrocarbon. 

According to KC B.W.C.method. 

Adsorption 250mg/min.Feed 

(vary the air rate) 15min. 

Desorption 200 Bed Vol. 

H005 

TJ 

to 

u 

12 

10 

8 

to 6 

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P.31 

KURARAY CHEMICAL CO., LTD. 

H006 K 

NO. 1-4-14 SHIBATA 

KIIA-KU. OSAKA. JAPAN 

TELEPHONE i OSAKA (06)-373-3381 

TELEX i 5233697 KCC J 

Influence of Gasoline vapor concentration on G.W.C. 

l.Test Apperatus 

. , 

Dry Air for dilution 

Dry Air for bubbling 1 

Detection 

4.0 1 canister canister 

TAJM 

Electronic Balance 

32^34*CThermostated Air Bath 

..j 

Thermostated Water Bath 

2.Test Condi tion 

1.Timing Activated Carbon KG-D 

Pause —$ Adsorption -> Pause -> Purge 

lOmin. until 2gr"leok 

at 33'C 

5min. 52min. 

at 33°C 

2.Condi tion 

I I I 1 1 1 

I Run iGasoline | Water bath | Dry Air Flow (1/min.) I Expected I 

| No. |Volume | Temperaturel Bubbling Dilution Purge (Concentration* | 

I I I Iii i 1 

1 1 1 61 | 34°C 1 14 | 14 j 15.4 | 31vol% I 

I 2 | 6 | 37 | 18 | 4 | 15.4 | 45 | 

I 3 | 6 | 45 | 16 | 0 I 15.4 | 60 | 

1 4 | 6 | 50 I 12 1 0 | 15.4 I 70 | 

| 5 | 6 | 70 | 0 | 0 | 15.4 | 100 | 

I I I i II I i 

* We calculate the vlume concentration, thinking that average 

molecular weignt of vapor is C5H12 (M.W.72). 
/ KURARAY CHEMICAL CO., LTD. 

NO. 1-4-14 SHIBATA 

KITA-KU. OSAKA. JAPAN 

TELEPHONE i OSAKA (06)-373-3381 

TELEX i 5233697 KCC J 

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30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 

Gasoline Vapor Concentration (Vol%) 
P.33 

KURARAY CHEMICAL CO., LTD. 

H008 

NO. 1-4-14 SHIBATA 

KITA-KU. OSAKA. JAPAN 

TELEPHONE • OSAKA (06) -373-3381 

TELEX. 5233697 KCC J 

fc 

Residual Adsorptives and Analysis in used canisters 

Residual amount ; Measured by thermogravimetry to 500*C. 

Content analysis ; Measured by Gas-chromatography after 

CS2-Soxhlet extraction. 

c 

o 

Xi 

u 

BJ 

o 

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a. 

a 

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50 

40 

30 

- 20 

10 

0 

TTT 

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. Material 

Mileage(K) 

KG-D 

56 60 32 78 

Coco 

15 11 74 

Coal 

26 81 
H010 ' ^ 

_ fas chronograph of gasoline vapor evolved at onboard test by bubbling method 

e 

L ., fc*,* 

9 9 / 9 9 / 9 0 93:26:99 -

3.375 

12 

16 

2 4 

C O -^e •!• 

C b . & 7 2 

li! 

3 3.6 

3 4.£ 

3 6 

4 9 

44 

39. 62' 

KURARAY CHEMICAL CO., LTD. 

NO. 1-4-14 SHIBATA 

KITA-KU. OSAKA. JAPAN 

TELEPHONE: OSAKA ''06; -373-3381 

TELEX i 5233697 KCC J 
T " ••••• 

12 

16 

29 

taxumaio^i-apn ui AC-aasoroea gasoiine extracted witn ci; 

3.747 isopentane 

4.467 n-pentane 

— r 2-methylpentane^ 

TT^SQ 3-methyl pentane 

9."573" n-hexane 

,2W? benzene 

*. iS3 heptane 

4^9 3 

*%. 677 

m„p-Xylene 

O-Xylene 

1.677 

5?. 79S 1,2,4-trimethylbenzene 

?5.94 5 

4 9 

44 

37 

3? 

3 • 

4 9 

4 1 . 

4 2 . 

4 3 . 

4 4 . 

5.91 5 

6.4 4 3 

.91 7 .73 2 

:. 632 

.91 7 

. 45 

35 

5 4 5 

9 4 3 

3 3 3 

4 6.31 7 

4 3 

H011 % 

=— toluene 

e 

PO 

(JT 

o 

o 

LJ 

O 

o 

CD 

52.575 

KURARAY CHEMICAL CO.. LTD. 

NO. 1-4-14 SHIBATA 

KITA-KU. OSAKA. JAPAN 

TELEPHONE. OSAKA '06)-373-3381 

TELEX • 5233697 KCC J 
P.36 

H 

I 

rt 

kh 

a -a\ mi. I U \jk I H009 ^ 

Propane 

3.4 

-^r isobutane 

K^-jcc :-^J n-butane isopentane 

3.86 3 

J-T257 

8 -

12 -

' 3.983 

Jj •• • i > 

"" n-pentane, 

r*<7 2-methylpentane 

n-hexane 

benzene 

heptane 

16 

28 -

24 

>3 -

32 

36 -

49 

44 

48 -

52 

56 

68 •• 

64 

3-methylpentane 

o 

o o 

o 

toluene 

m,p-Xylene 

1,2,4-trimethylbenzene 

j 3 7 

1

 3? 

r 39 

' 41 

42 

43 

' 45 

46. 

48. 

49. 

58. 

54. 

56. 

.227 

. 333 

.567 

533 

975 

788 

272 

242 

44 

442 

538 

538 

775 

KURARAY CHEMICAL CO.. LTD. ~ 

NO. 1-4-14 SHIBATA 

KITA-KU, OSAKA. JAPAN 

TELEPHONE .OSAKA 06 -373-338J 
r x i n—./—M—i/—\ i i /f 

NO. 1-4-14 SHIBATA 

KITA-KU, OSAKA. JAPAN 

TELEPHONE : OSAKA (06)-373-3381 

TELEXt 5233697 KCC J 

V IH 

Actual Refueling Test 

We examined the evolved vapor on refueling according to EPA 3d draft method. 

As we used the 5 1 canister, there is no leakage. 

l.Test Condition 

1 

1 Gasoline Tank 1 60 1 capacity | 

I Refueling gasoline temp, j 31.TC | 

I Gasoline temp.in tank | 31.1^33.9*0 | 

I Vapor pressure I 0.808 Kg/cm* | 

I I 85* of gas. tank capacity (51 1) j 

I Refueling volume j (put gasoline to 10% tank capacity in | 

I I advance, and refuel liquid gasoline I 

1 | to 95%-tank capacity) | 

I Refueling rate | 9 gal/min. | 

| Gasoline j ASTM D gasoline | 

1 Pause time | 5min.(between Refueling and Purge) | 

I Adsorption temp. | ordinary temp. | 

I Purge temp. j 30*C (standard 50 B.V.) | 
NO. 1-4-14 SHIBATA 

KITA-KU. OSAKA. JAPAN 

TELEPHONE : OSAKA .'06-373-3381 

TELEX i 5233697 KCC J 

2.Test Diagram 

4 Lft 

Ut ". 

Oi* » 

t 6. 

1V> 

LA 

? 

f4 

<o 

* ^ 3 
r\i_j i I—.I ICIVIIL^ML . l_, l /., l _ I I /. 

NO. 1-4-14 SHIBATA 

KITA-KU. OSAKA. JAPAN 

TELEPHONE. OSAKA (06)-373-3381 

TELEX. 5233697 KCC J 

Actual Refueling Test Result 

I Cycle 

I Process 

I Time(min.) 

I Can.Temp.*C 

i 

A 

60 

1 1 1 

1 1 1 

1 B | C | 

1 1 1 1 1 1 

ll.S |45.5| 

1 1 1 1 1 1 

1101 1 35 1 

i i i 

2 

1 

A | B 

1 

30 |1.5 

1 

1103 

i 

1 

1 1 I 

1 c I 

11 i 1 

j 45.5| 

11 i 1 

1 33 | 

l l 

A 

30 

3 

i 

!

 B 

i 

u.5 

1 1 

I 83 

I 

1 

I 

1 1 

1 c | 

I 1 1 1 

I 45.51 

I1 | 1 

1 24 | 

i i 

(A):Raise Temp. (B):Refuel (C):Purge