Revised Outer Continental Shelf Lease Exploration Plan Chukchi Sea, Alaska

Shell Gulf of Mexico Inc. May 2011 

## Appendix I

Bird Strike Avoidance and Lighti ng Plan Chukchi Sea, AlaskaRevised Outer Continental Shelf Lease Exploration Plan Chukchi Sea, Alaska

Shell Gulf of Mexico Inc. May 2011 

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Shell Gulf of Mexico Inc. i May 2011 Table of Contents

Page

1.0 INTRODUCTION .................................................................................................................. ............. 1

1.1 Background .................................................................................................................... ........ 1

1.2 Proposed Exploration Plan ..................................................................................................... 1

1.3 Endangered Species Act, Migratory Bird Treaty Act, and Lease Stipulation ....................... 0

1.3.1 Endangered Species Act ............................................................................................ 0

1.3.1.1 Steller’s Eider ........................................................................................... 0

1.3.1.2 Spectacled Eider ....................................................................................... 1

1.3.2 Migratory Bird Treaty Act ........................................................................................ 1

1.3.3 Lease Stipulations ..................................................................................................... 1

1.4 Relative Risk Evaluation ...................................................................................................... .. 2

2.0 REVIEW OF MITIGATION MEASURES ........................................................................................ 6

2.1 Low Reflecting Finishes ....................................................................................................... . 6

2.2 Minimum Vessel Light .......................................................................................................... 6

2.3 Light Color ................................................................................................................... .......... 6

2.4 Anti-Collision Lighting ....................................................................................................... ... 7

2.5 Radar Assessment .............................................................................................................. .... 7

3.0 PROPOSED MITIGATION ........................................................................................................... .... 8

3.1 Bird Strike Monitoring ........................................................................................................ ... 8

3.2 Avian Monitoring .............................................................................................................. ... 10

3.2.1 Avian Observations ................................................................................................. 10

3.2.2 Radar Assessment ................................................................................................... 10

3.3 Lighting Protocols ............................................................................................................ .... 11

3.3.1 Shading and Minimization ...................................................................................... 11

3.3.2 ClearSky Lighting Technology ............................................................................... 11

3.4 Vessel and Aircraft Traffic ................................................................................................... 11

4.0 REFERENCES .................................................................................................................... .............. 12

Figures

Figure 1.1 Shell Exploration Drilling Program Location Map ............................................................. 2 Figure 1.4-1 Spectacled Eider Densities .................................................................................................. 4 Figure 1.4-2 Steller's Eider Densities ..................................................................................................... . 5

Attachments

Attachment A – Lease Stipulation No. 7, Oil and Gas Lease Sale 193, Chukchi Sea

Attachment B – Avian Collision Form Attachment C – Phillips ClearSky LightingBird Strike Avoidance and Lighting Plan Chukchi Sea, Alaska

Shell Gulf of Mexico Inc. ii May 2011 ACRONYMS

BOEMRE Bureau of Ocean Energy Ma nagement, Regulation and Enforcement

Discoverer Motor Vessel Noble Discoverer ESA Endangered Species Act

ft feet/foot hr(s) hour(s) km kilometer(s) LBCHU Ledyard Bay Critical Habitat Unit m meter(s) MBTA Migratory Bird Treaty Act MHz Megahertz mi statute mile(s)

MMO Marine Mammal Observer MMS U.S. Department of the In terior, Minerals Management Service

M/V Motor Vessel

OCS Outer Continental Shelf Plan Bird Strike Avoidance and Lighting Plan

Shell Shell Gulf of Mexico Inc.

U.S.C. United States Code

USFWS U.S. Fish and Wildlife ServiceBird Strike Avoidance and Lighting Plan Chukchi Sea, Alaska

Shell Gulf of Mexico Inc. 1 May 2011 

## 1.0 INTRODUCTION

1.1 Background

This document comprises Shell Gulf of Mexico Inc.’s (Shell) Bird Strike Avoidance and Lighting Plan, Chukchi Sea, Alaska (Plan) and applies to Shell’s exploration drilling program as detailed in Shell’s (2011) Revised Chukchi Sea Exploration Plan OC S Lease Sale 193, Chukchi Sea Alaska: Burger Prospect Posey Blocks 6714, 6762, 6764, 6812, 6912, and 6915 (revised Chukchi Sea EP). The Plan meets all the requirements of Stipulation No. 7 unde r the Chukchi Sea Lease Sale 193 (MMS 2008a).

Growing scientific evidence indicates so me bird species are attracted to light sources, which may increase

the risk of bird strikes. Most related studies conc lude that increased darkness, coupled with inclement weather, increases attraction by birds to lighted vessels and structures. Birds drawn to light often become

disoriented and can then collide with these structures resulting in injury and death. The chance of a bird strike to the drillship occurring during Shell’s explor ation drilling program is considered low because the drill sites are more than 64 status miles (mi) (103 kilo meters [km]) offshore (Figure 1.1) in an area of the Chukchi Sea with low eider densities, and because of th e length of daylight during the exploration drilling season. Nevertheless, Shell will implement the Plan to minimize the chance of bird strikes occurring during exploration drilling operations.

Emphasis of the Plan is on preventing bi rd strikes by threatened spectacled ( Somateria fischeri ) and Steller’s ( Polysticta stelleri ) eiders that may be present in the Ch ukchi Sea during the period of operations and may, occasionally, venture into the area near Shell’s exploration drilling opera tions. In addition, the Plan includes reporting requirements for any light-ind uced bird strikes and bird observations, which will help better understand the risks of bird strikes associated with drilling vessels.



## 1.2 Proposed Exploration Plan

Shell plans to conduct an exploration drilling progra m on its leases in the Chukchi Sea Planning Area of the Outer Continental Shelf (OCS). Shell’s leases were acquired in Oil and Gas Lease Sale 193 (Figure 1.1). Shell plans to drill a total of six wells on six le ase blocks within its Burger Prospect. The locations of the prospect and the lease blocks are indicated in Figure 1.1. These activities will start in 2012, with each drilling season being in the summer and fall (July-October) when migratory birds may be present.

The ice-strengthened drillship Motor Vessel (M/V) Noble Discoverer ( Discoverer ) will be used to drill

the wells. The Discoverer will be attended by a minimum of eight vessels that will be used for ice management, anchor handling, oil spill response (OSR), refueling, resupply, and servicing of the drilling operations.

The Discoverer and its attending ice management and sup port vessels will transit through the Bering Strait into the Chukchi Sea on or after 1 July, arriving on location in Shell’s prospects on or about July 4. Exploration drilling may commence as early as 4 July, as ice, weather, and other conditions allow for safe operations, and could continue until 31 October. Further information is detailed in its revised Chukchi

Sea EP.BSFird Strike Avoidanceahell Gulf of Mexico IncFigure 1.1Sand Lighting Planc.hell Exploration Drilling Program Location2MapChukchi Sea, AlaskaMay 2011Bird Strike Avoidance and Lighting Plan Chukchi Sea, Alaska

Shell Gulf of Mexico Inc. 0 May 2011 

## 1.3 Endangered Species Act, Migr atory Bird Treaty Act, and Lease Stipulation

The exploration activities proposed in Shell’s revi sed Chukchi Sea EP are subject to the Endangered Species Act (ESA), the Migratory Bird Treaty Act (MBTA), and Bureau of Ocean Energy Management Regulation and Enforcement’s (BOEMRE’s) Lease Sti pulation No. 7, which requires offshore operators to implement certain measures to minimize the likeli hood of exploration affecting spectacled and Steller’s eiders. Shell has prepared the Plan in response to these statutory requirements. The Plan represents a practical approach using current lighting technology and other methods to reduce the already low probability of collisions occurring between Shell v essels and the threatened eider species and other migratory birds in the project area.



### 1.3.1 Endangered Species Act

The purpose of the ESA is to conserve “the ecosy stems upon which endangered and threatened species depend” and to conserve and recove r listed species. Under the law, species may be listed as either “endangered” or “threatened.” Endangered means a sp ecies is in danger of extinction throughout all, or a significant portion of, its range. Threatened means a species is likely to become endangered within the foreseeable future. All species of plants and animal s, except pest insects, are eligible for listing as endangered or threatened (USFWS 2006a). The law requires federal agencies, in this case BOEMRE, to consult with the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS ) to ensure that the acti ons they authorize would not jeopardize listed species.

Section 7 of the ESA requires federal agencies to ensu re that their actions do not jeopardize the continued existence of listed species. To comply with Secti on 7, the consulting federal agency, or its designated non-federal representative, must review the proposed project for potential impacts to protected species



### . The two species listed under the ESA that this Plan is intended to help protect are the Steller’s eider and the spectacled eider.



### 1.3.1.1 Steller’s Eider

The Alaska-breeding population of Steller’s eider was federally designated as threatened in 1997 and is an Alaska Species of Special Concern. Historically, St eller’s eiders nested throughout the coastal areas of western and northern Alaska (USFWS 2005b). Today, the Alaska-breeding population is primarily

confined to the Arctic Coastal Plain in low dens ities and is extremely scarce in western Alaska (USFWS 2005b). The Steller’s eider may have abandoned much of the eastern North Slope in recent decades, but still occur in low densities from Wainwright to as far east as Prudhoe Bay (USFWS 2003). The threatened Alaska-breeding population is thought to be in the hundreds or low thousands on the Arctic Coastal Plain and in the dozens on the Yukon-Kuskokwim Delta (USFWS 2005b). The species also occurs in Russia; although not precisely known, the Ru ssian Atlantic population is thought to be 30,000 to 50,000 individuals, and the Russian Pacific population 50,000 to 100,000 (USFWS 2005b).Bird Strike Avoidance and Lighting Plan Chukchi Sea, Alaska

Shell Gulf of Mexico Inc. 1 May 2011 

### 1.3.1.2 Spectacled Eider

The spectacled eider was federally designated threatened throughout its range in 1993 and is an Alaska Species of Special Concern. The breeding distribution of the spectacled eider includes the central coast of the Yukon-Kuskokwim Delta, the Arctic Coastal Plain of Alaska, and th e Arctic Coastal Plain of Russia (USFWS 2005b). Spectacled eiders on the Arctic Coastal Plain of Alaska originally ranged to the Canadian border (USFWS 1996). The threatened spect acled eider population is estimated to be about 360,000 worldwide, which includes non-breeders (USFWS 2005b). The population may be in slow decline on the Arctic Coastal Plain of Alaska, where 3,000 to 4,000 nest today (USFWS 2005b). At least 40,000 pairs are thought to nest in Arctic Russia. Mo lting flocks of spectacled eiders gather in shallow waters off the coast in usually less than 120 feet (ft) (36 meters [m]) deep and travel along the coast up to 31 mi (50 km) offshore (USFWS 2005b).



### 1.3.2 Migratory Bird Treaty Act

Under the MBTA (16 United States Code [U.S.C.] 703), it is illegal for anyone to "take" migratory birds, their eggs, feathers or nests. “Take” includes by any means or in any manner, any attempt at hunting, pursuing, wounding, killing, possessing or transporting any mi gratory bird, nest, egg, or part thereof. The MBTA does not distinguish between intentional and unintentional take. In Alaska, some species of migratory birds may be taken, killed, or possessed during approved hunting seasons for those specified migratory species.



### 1.3.3 Lease Stipulations

Lease Stipulation No. 7 (full text provided in Attachme nt A) for the Chukchi Sea Lease Sale 193 Area is intended to minimize the likelihood of spectacled a nd Steller’s eiders striking drilling structures or vessels. The stipulation has 4 parts as discussed below:

Part A(1) mandates that EPs for exploration dr illing programs include a plan for recording and reporting bird strikes. This component of the stipulation applies to e xploration drilling programs located anywhere in the Chukchi Sea Planning Area, and therefore applies to Shell’s program.

Parts A(2) and B(2) place travel restrictions and lighting protocol requirements on vessel and aircraft operations when they take place in certain listed bloc ks, in federal waters shoreward of those blocks, and in the Ledyard Bay Critical Habitat Unit (LBCHU), during specific dates. The listed blocks are shown in Figure 1.1 (as lease blocks under Stipulation No. 7) and are listed at the end of Attachment A of this document. These stipulation components woul d apply to any aircraft or vessels that are part of Shell’s revised Chukchi Sea EP, if and when the vessels or aircraft are in the identified parts of the

Chukchi Sea.

Part B(1) places lighting protocol requirements on drilling structures in the Chukchi Sea. This stipulation requirement applies to drilling structures operating on a lease or staged anywhere in the Chukchi Sea Planning Area, and therefore applies to Shell’s drillship.

The above-referenced travel restrictions or condition s and lighting protocol restrictions are summarized

below:Bird Strike Avoidance and Lighting Plan Chukchi Sea, Alaska

Shell Gulf of Mexico Inc. 2 May 2011 General Conditions

 Lessees must include a plan for recording and re porting bird strikes that occur during approved

activities to BOEMRE.

 Vessels associated with the exploration drilling operations should avoid traversing listed blocks (stipulation area), and federal wa ters between the stipulation area and shore, to the maximum extent possible between 15 April 15 and 10 July. If such traffic cannot be avoided, hazing equipment must be onboard.

 Except during emergencies or for safety, vessels mu st avoid travel within the LBCHU between 1 July and 15 November. Any required travel in this area must be reported to BOEMRE within 24 hours (hr).

 Aircraft supporting the exploration drilling opera tions must avoid operating below an altitude of 1,500 ft (457 m) over the stipulation area and federal waters between the stipulation area and shore between 15 April and 10 June, or the LBCHU between 1 July and 15 November, to the maximum extent possible. If weather does not perm it these altitudes then the flight should take place along a BOEMRE/USFWS-approved pre-determin ed flight path. Any deviations from the path due to safety or other issues must be reported within 24 hr.

Lighting Protocols

 Lessees are required to prepare a plan that id entifies measures that will be undertaken to minimize the likelihood that migrating and coastal birds will strike exploration drilling structures (drillship), and obtain approval for the plan from BOEMRE. The plan must include measures that reduce the radiation of light outward from the dr illship to minimize the likelihood that birds will

strike the structure.

 Surface support vessels must minimize the use of high-intensity work lights, especially while traversing the stipulation area and federal waters between the stipulation area and the coastline. Exterior lights must be used only as necessary to illuminate on-deck work areas during periods of darkness or inclement weather. Interior lights and lights used during navigation may remain on for safety.

The lighting requirements and protocols in the Plan apply to activities conducte d between 15 April and 15

November.



## 1.4 Relative Risk Evaluation

The risk of bird collision is largely determined by the timing and location of exploration activities in relation to the presence of spectacled and Steller’s eide rs in the Chukchi Sea. Spectacled and Steller’s eiders nest onshore across the coastal North Slope. Th e distribution and density of breeding eiders on the North Slope are indicated in Figure 1.4-1 and Figure 1.4-2.

The Alaska-breeding population of the Steller’s eider is primarily confined to the Arctic Coastal Plain of Alaska’s North Slope, with a concentration of nesting eiders around Barrow (USFWS 2005a, Figure 1.4-2). Their use of offshore waters of the northeastern Chukchi Sea can be generally discussed in terms of spring migration and post-breeding, whic h includes fall migration and molting.

Spring migration of eiders in the Chukchi Sea occurs in May and June (MMS 2007a,b; MMS 2008b). The migration occurs along the coastal waters (M MS 2006), where many marine birds use the leadBird Strike Avoidance and Lighting Plan Chukchi Sea, Alaska

Shell Gulf of Mexico Inc. 3 May 2011 system as a migratory pathway to breeding grounds in northern Alaska and the Canadian Arctic (Richardson and Johnson 1981, Woodb y and Divoky 1982). Eiders may also migrate overland during spring as they move to the eastern North Slope from the Chukchi Sea (Troy Ecological Research

Associates 1999 cited in MMS 2003). Offshore exploration dr illing operations in the Chukchi Sea would begin no earlier than approximately 4 July, wh ich is after spring migration has ended.

Post-breeding spectacled and Steller’s eiders generall y move to the marine environment where they molt and start their fall migration. However, their move ment to the marine environment varies by sex and timing. Males and some females with failed nests leave nesting areas for marine waters in late June or in July (MMS 2006). Successful female Steller’s eiders and their broods gather near the coast later in the summer (MMS 2006) and some successful female spect acled eiders stay with their young on the nesting grounds until late August to early September, at wh ich time they start their southward migration (USFWS 2005a).

Molting flocks of spectacled eiders gather in shallo w waters, usually less than 120 ft (36 m) deep, and travel along the coast up to 30 mi (50 km) offshore (USFWS 2005a). Critical habitat for the spectacled eider includes Ledyard Bay (i.e., LBCHU), a large offshore area northeast of Cape Lisburne. This area is used for molting by spectacled eiders from July through October (USFWS 2005a). Other important molting and staging areas in the Chukchi Sea include Peard Bay and Kasegaluk Lagoon (Petersen et al. 1999). These areas are outside and shoreward of the lease blocks where the proposed exploration drilling program is scheduled to occur. No habitat on th e North Slope has been designated as critical for the Steller’s eider (USFWS 2005a).

Fall migration of spectacled and Steller’s eiders has been documented by tele metry studies. Spectacled

eiders were found to winter in a dense concentrati on within Norton Sound and fa ll migrations have been documented to go through the critical habitat described above (Petersen et al. 1999). Telemetry studies have shown Steller’s eiders leaving the Arctic Coas tal Plain nesting areas near Barrow on 23 June for the coastal marine waters between Wainwright and Deas e Inlet between Cape Lisburne and Point Lay (MMS 2006). Eight individuals were tracke d from Barrow across the Chukchi S ea to Siberia and back to Alaska (MMS 2006).

Spectacled and Steller’s eiders will be most widely distributed in the Chukchi Sea during the post-nesting period. Although the majority of the eiders are likely stay close to the coast wh ere they migrate and molt, some may be encountered far from shore within the exploration drilling areas. In the Chukchi Sea, proposed exploration drilling operations would begin no earlier than July and would be at least 96 km (60 mi) offshore in water depths of 130-150 ft (40-46 m). Steller’s eiders would not be expected to occur in Shell’s Burger Prospect, but a small number of spect acled eiders may be found in there during the time period when exploration drilling is planned. Bird surv eys were conducted in the Burger Prospect area in July-October in 2009 and 2010 as part of a series of baseline studies. One spect acled eider was observed in the Burger Prospect during two years of these intens ive surveys, and no Steller’s eiders were recorded (Gall and Day 2009, 2010).

In addition to the risk of bird strikes being mini mized by the timing and location of exploration drilling operations, the high amount of daylight hours experien ced in the area during the months of July and August also reduces the relative risk of bird strikes.BSFird Strike AvoidanceaShell Gulf of Mexico IncFigure 1.4-1Sand Lighting Planc.pectacled Eider Densities4Chukchi Sea, AlaskaMay 2011BSFird Strike Avoidanceahell Gulf of Mexico IncFigure 1.4-2Sand Lighting Planc.teller's EiderDensities5Chukchi Sea, AlaskaMay 2011Bird Strike Avoidance and Lighting Plan Chukchi Sea, Alaska

Shell Gulf of Mexico Inc. 6 May 2011 

## 2.0 REVIEW OF MITIGATION MEASURES

A literature review of existing mitigation measures used in Alaska and the lower 48 states was conducted to assess the efficacy of existing mitigation to re duce the chances of bird strikes. The studies were reviewed to determine what mitigation measures would be appropriate for use during Shell’s exploration drilling program in the Chukchi Sea. None of the studies are specific to either the spectacled eider or the

Steller’s eider. Most of the work to date deal s with documenting bird collisions with communication

towers in the lower 48 states or seabirds with fishi ng vessels in the Aleutian Islands of Alaska. Light sources, especially from taller structures exceeding 200 ft (60.9 m) and during periods of low visibility, are implicated in many bird collisions. The following is a brief summary of measures considered by Shell with regard to mitigating the effects of light on bi rds and reducing avian collisions. The effectiveness of some of these measures has not been studied, and some studies that have been conducted area not conclusive. Shell recognizes the need to reduce vessel li ght emissions to lower the risk of bird strikes, and has selected the most proven and practical measures for the Plan.



## 2.1 Low Reflecting Finishes

Painting vessels a dark color would decrease ambient reflected light, thus reducing light output beyond the deck. The amount of light reduced by such an action is unknown. Another option is to paint alternating and contrasting colors, wh ich may allow a vessel to be more easily seen by birds. No studies evaluating the effects of low reflecting finishes are available for review, therefore the efficacy of these

measures is unknown.



## 2.2 Minimum Vessel Light

Birds can be disoriented by and attracted to artificial lights, potentially resulting in injury and mortality if a collision occurs. Organizations working on reducing bird mortality, such as Bird Life International, include minimizing vessel light use (without compro mising vessel worker safety) in their general recommendations for reducing bird strikes. This has proven effective in some situations. For a lighthouse, narrowing and decreasing light intensity r esulted in a drastically lower bird mortality rate from an average of 200.6-18.5 birds per season during spring and 392.5-9.6 birds during fall (Jones and Francis 2003). Minimization of light can include shadi ng, directing lights towards the deck, avoiding the use of unnecessary lights, and using minimal light output through the replacement of high intensity lights.



## 2.3 Light Color

It is likely that any light visible to humans is visible to birds, and thus constitutes a potential attractant (Verheijen 1985). Different colors of light (wavele ngths) have been considered as mitigation to reduce

bird strikes. Research in the North Sea has indicat ed that white light caused attraction, red light caused disorientation, and that green and blue light caused a weak response (Marquenie 2007). White lights in this study were replaced with specially designed light s that excluded the red spectrum and appeared green (Marquenie 2007). The green lights resulted in 2 to 10 times fewer birds circling offshore platforms when only a limited number of light sources were replaced with green lights. Therefore the results likely

underestimate the effect that would occur if all extern al lights were replaced with green lights (Marquenie 2007).Bird Strike Avoidance and Lighting Plan Chukchi Sea, Alaska

Shell Gulf of Mexico Inc. 7 May 2011 

## 2.4 Anti-Collision Lighting

The effects of anti-collision lighting systems at Northsta r Island were studied for four years for eiders and other birds (e.g. gulls, loons, geese) found in the Beau fort Sea (Day et al. 2005). Analysis of the data revealed some statistically significant responses and some weak responses by eiders to the anti-collision lights. In general, results of the analyses indicate a net movement of eiders away from the island, and a significant slowing of the eiders flight speed at night. The lights clearly did not cause non-eider species to avoid the island and actually appeared to cause a ttraction at times. Eiders exhibited a natural anticollision response to the island, which the strobe lig hts were thought to increase modestly. Day et al. (2005) concluded the anti-collision lights caused some ei ders to avoid Northstar Island, but the avoidance response was not consistent and was not dramatic. The effectiveness of the anti-collision lights in reducing the risk of eider collisions was not clear, a nd the lights did not appear to deter other non-eider species at all. The following summa rizes the lighting system used at Northstar (Day et al. 2005):

 14 white strobe lights (Honeywell Flashguard 20 00B strobe lights) are mounted on tall masts approximately 13.7 m (45 ft) above the ocean surface around Northstar Island.

 Each strobe light is set to flash at the rate of 40 flashes/minute.

 The strobe lights are not set to flash in pattern or synchrony.

 The strobe lights emit white light (all wavelengt hs) at 20,000 candlepower during the day and 2,000 candlepower during the night.

 Photocell controls the switching between the two modes.

Anti-collision lights may vary by wavelength, flashing rate, flashing synchrony, and intensity. Some evidence exists that pas serines may avoid white lights better than red lights (Manville 2005). White strobe lights are considered less likely to attract night-migrating birds than non-flashing white and red lights (New Mexico Department of Game & Fish 2 001). However, the appropriate light wavelength is unknown for best deterring eiders and a continued search for a lighting system that is more effective than the one used at Northstar Island is recommended by Day et al. (2005).



## 2.5 Radar Assessment

The use of radar can allow real-time detection of fl ocks of migrating seabirds, and could potentially be used by an on board avian observer to predict collisi ons. In 2005, a German team investigated the avian avoidance response to offshore wind turbines usin g the radar system Furuno FR2125 (Desholm and Kahlert 2005). The species involved in that analysis were primarily common eider ( Somateria

mollissima ) and geese. According to Gauthreaux and Li vingston (2006), the VERTRAD/TI radar system can be used to estimate the potential risk of migrati ng birds colliding with man-made obstacles of various heights. Another system (BIRDRAD) can detect the de parture of migrants from different types of habitat

within a few kilometers of the ra dar (Gauthreaux and Belser 2005). This system uses a high resolution, marine surveillance radar (Furuno 2155 BB) with a 50-kilowatt transceiver that transmits at 3 centimeters (1.18 inches) (X-band, 9415 megahertz [MHz] +/- 30 MHz) wavelength. The same paper discusses use of WSR-88D Doppler Weather Surveillance Radar, us ing characteristics of bird echoes to study bird

movements.

Although Doppler radar does not appear as effective in real-time analysis of bird populations, “a variety of radars, from low-powered airport surveillance rada rs and mobile marine surveillance radars to highpowered weather radars and military tr acking radars, have been used to further our understandings of birdBird Strike Avoidance and Lighting Plan Chukchi Sea, Alaska

Shell Gulf of Mexico Inc. 8 May 2011 migration and to address conservation concerns. Site -specific information on migrant passage rates and flight characteristics is generally collected by usin g mobile radars or other techniques such as thermal imaging and acoustical monitoring (Ruth et al. 2005) . Radar is likely best used to increase the understanding of migration patterns, number of bi rds, and effectiveness of mitigation measures.



## 3.0 PROPOSED MITIGATION

Based upon the mitigation measures reviewed in Section 2.0, Shell has determined appropriate mitigation measures for use during Shell’s exploration drilling program in the Chukchi Sea. The mitigation proposed by Shell is based on what is currently and t echnically feasible, and proven effective, in reducing the prospect of bird strikes, while fully consideri ng the lighting requirements needed to maintain a safe work environment. Additional mitigation may be considered as more information becomes available regarding the effectiveness of new mitigation to reduce the risk of bird strikes.

It is important to restate that, given the location of Shell’s exploration drilling program, the chances of a bird strike with the drillship are considered to be low. Although the location of planned exploration drilling is outside the stipulation area where a bird strike mitigation plan, implementing the mitigation measures as specified in this Plan will further reduce th is low probability of bird strikes associated with Shell’s planned activities. Shell has prepared this Plan to re duce the chance of bird strikes of the drillship, especially strikes by spectacled and Steller’s eiders. The major elements of the Plan are provided below:

 Bird strike monitoring that includes recording and reporting bird strikes for the collection of information on bird strikes and lighting confi guration and a better understanding of methods

to reduce bird strikes.

 Avian monitoring, including visual observations and radar assessments to determine bird use of the prospect areas during the exploration drilling period.

 Installing shading and directing some drillshi p lights inward and downward to living and work structures to minimize the amount of red light radiating from the drillship.

 Lighting modifications including replacing some lights on the drillship with “ClearSky” light technology where applicable to reduce the amount of red light output.

 Minimizing the use of high-intensity work lights on support vessels.

 Restricting aircraft and vessel travel routes and flight altitudes.



## 3.1 Bird Strike Monitoring

The overall objective of bird strike monitoring is to provide the USFWS with data for risk assessment of bird strikes related to operational activities and weat her conditions, with a focus on threatened eiders. The monitoring program is intended to expand the knowle dge on the risks of bird strikes in the Chukchi Sea and to determine the effectiveness of mitigation measures. If bird strikes are determined to be a serious risk to birds despite the proposed mitigati on measures presented in this document, Shell will evaluate additional mitigation measures for future offshore activities.

All mortalities and injuries from strike events of a spectacled or Steller’s eider will be reported to the Alaska OCS Regional Office of the BOEMRE and the Ecological Services Branch of the USFWS in Anchorage within three days of the event or as soon as is practical. This includes any collisionsBird Strike Avoidance and Lighting Plan Chukchi Sea, Alaska

Shell Gulf of Mexico Inc. 9 May 2011 associated with the drillship, support vessels, and associ ated aircraft. Other pertinent information that may help better understand the risk of bird strikes w ill be sent to the USFWS after the end of the drilling

season.

The following data will be collected upon a determination that a bird strike has occurred:

 Description of event

 Bird species if can be determined

 Weather conditions

 Date and time

 Description of vessel lighting conditions

 Vessel location

 Photographs if practical

Shell will conduct routine deck searches for live, inju red birds, or dead birds, especially during or following periods of darkness or inclement weather such as rain or fog. Birds perching on ship structures (such as antennae and rigging) will be allowed to rest and depart on their own.

Any observed bird strike shall be documented and reported within three days to BOEMRE. Minimum information will include species, date/time, location, w eather, identification of the vessel involved and its operational status when the strike occurred. If a bird strikes and remains on the vessel, it will be photographed (if possible) and left there to recover and depart on its own. If necessary to take it out of harm’s way, it will be moved to a dry place from where it can depart on its own. If the bird does not depart after about 12 hr and is still alive, it will be gently returned to the sea surface. Shell will consult with the USFWS to further determine the proper handling of injured birds in the event of a bird strike. Carcasses from any lethal strikes will be photographed (i f possible) and returned to the sea. Photographs will be taken of the bird with wings spread, top and bottom views, and of the h ead, to assist with species

verification and will be submitted to BOEMRE and USFWS as part of the collision report.

Strike information will be recorded on the Avian Col lision Form provided in Attachment B. An avian observer or Marine Mammal Observer (MMO) with trai ning in bird identification will collect the data associated with any bird strike. Placards will be pos ted in common areas to inform all personnel to report dead or injured birds. This will increase awareness and the likelihood that data will be recorded. The observer will have equipment such as a bird identification guide, a flashlight, and a camera to help with

data collection.

Although Shell will make every effort to record all bird strikes; it is recognized that some bird strikes may not be noticed. Eiders often fly low and fast over wa ter, which suggests that they could possibly strike the hull of the drillship and fall into the water unobser ved. In addition, dark ness and inclement weather

can make visual observations difficult.

Daylight is constant to nearly constant in the Ch ukchi Sea during July (24 hr) and August (more than 21 hr) when molting eiders are most likely present near drilling activities. This timing of activities will allow the eiders greater likelihood to see the drills hip and avoid a strike. Daylight hours decrease incrementally during September (approximately 15.5 hr) and October (approximately 11.2 hr) during which time eiders will least likely be present at the locations of planned expl oration drilling. Due to fewer expected numbers of eiders in the area later in the drilling season (September and October), the risk

of bird strike occurrence will diminish. Avian mon itoring will continue even as daylight hours diminish and waterfowl populations are expected to diminish in the area of exploration drilling.Bird Strike Avoidance and Lighting Plan Chukchi Sea, Alaska

Shell Gulf of Mexico Inc. 10 May 2011 

## 3.2 Avian Monitoring

Avian monitoring will consist of observations made by observers on the drillship and radar assessments. These methods will be used concurrently to maximize the value of the data collected by either method.



### 3.2.1 Avian Observations

Avian monitoring will be performed by MMOs or other designated individuals aboard the drillship that have been trained in bird identification, sampling protocols, and the reporting of bird strikes to the USFWS and BOEMRE. Monitoring will be conducted during daylight hours from several vantage points on each vessel using binoculars and scopes. These av ian observers will have an adequate understanding of bird identification, especially of eiders in fli ght. The daily tasks performed by the observers will include recording weather conditions, bird counts with species identification, observations of general bird flight directions, estimates of bird distances from vessels, strike events, data entry, and daily summary report writing.



### 3.2.2 Radar Assessment

The type of radar equipment available onboard the dr illship has been found to be suitable for detecting

birds and will be used to conduct an assessment of the movements of bird flocks in the proximity of the drillship. One aspect of the assessment will be to mo nitor and compare bird movements during periods of good and poor visibility. The use of radar has an advantage over visual observations during periods of poor visibility such as at night or during foggy conditions, when visual observations may not be possible.

Visual observations (Section 3.2.1) will be conducted simultaneously with radar observations particularly in the initial stages of the study during periods of good visibility. Comparison of radar and visual observations will be used to help to determine numbe rs of individuals in flocks and possibly species group (based on flight patterns). Visual observations will supplement radar data by more accurately determining species and obtaining better estimates of individuals in flocks.

Shell will conduct the radar assessment in 2- to 4-hr sampling sessions throughout the course of the field season as time and availability of pe rsonnel permit. The number of sa mpling sessions will depend on the number of biologists available to collect data. Samp ling sessions will be stratified to include all portions of the diurnal cycle as equally as possible.

Some of the data collected by radar observations will be the same as those collected by visual observers although species, number, sex, and height above wate r may not be determined by radar. For each observation of a bird flock, radar observers will record the date and time, the species type if possible (e.g., eider or goose), flock size, compass direction of the bird s in relation to the drillship, direction of flight, initial distance of the birds from the drillship, the closest point of approach of the flock to the drillship, whether ClearSky lights were on or off, and notes on any avoidance behavior displayed by the flock. The data from the radar assessment will be analyzed to determine:

 If migrating bird flocks pass closer to the drillshi p during periods of poor versus good visibility;

 If birds deflect their flight patterns to avoid the drillship;

 If deflections of flight patterns occur at fu rther distances during peri od of good versus poor visibility; and

 The effects of ClearSky lighting as anti-collision mitigation.Bird Strike Avoidance and Lighting Plan Chukchi Sea, Alaska

Shell Gulf of Mexico Inc. 11 May 2011 

## 3.3 Lighting Protocols

Much of the drillship lighting will be directed in ward and downward, where practical, to minimize escaping light. Additionally, some lights will be fitted with shading that will direct lights to working areas and prevent light escaping to areas where lights are not needed for safety and operations. When practical, lights will be turned off when not in use.



### 3.3.1 Shading and Minimization

Shell plans to reduce or shade light output from the following locations on the drillship Discoverer :

 Derrick lights, deck lighting, doorway and stairway lighting, and pipe rack lighting: lights will be shaded to direct light downward and inward and/or the wattage reduced.

 Crane boom lights: lights to remain unshielded for safety during crane operations.

 Heliport lighting: lights to be dimmed or shut off when not in use.

 Escape pod lighting: lights will be dimmed when not in use.

 Navigation and clearance lights: no change will be made due to safety concerns.

 Lights from windows: shades will be used during darkness.

Shell will minimize the use of high-intensity work lights on the support vessels, especially when traversing the stipulation area and federal waters between the stipulation area and th e shoreline. Exterior lights will be used on these vessels only as necessary to illuminate on-deck work areas during periods of darkness or inclement weather. Otherwise the lights will be turned off. Interior lights and lights used for navigation will remain on for safety.



### 3.3.2 ClearSky Lighting Technology

ClearSky Lighting emits fluorescent light with a uni que light spectrum absent of the long-wavelength (red) components. This technology is produced by Philips Lighting (Attachment C). Studies indicate that removing the long wavelength components of the spectru m reduces the visual and orientation impact on birds (Marquenie 2007).

Where applicable, all floodlights, and external incandescent and fluorescent lights on the drillship will be replaced with ClearSky lights. This should reduce the chances of bird strikes and still provide a safe working environment.



## 3.4 Vessel and Aircraft Traffic

Surface vessels associated with expl oration drilling operations will a void operating or traversing within the LBCHU between July 1 and November 15 as much as possible (except for emergencies or human/navigation safety). Vessels that do enter into the LBCHU (Figure 1.1) during this time period for emergencies or human/navigation safety will repor t the information to BOEMRE within 24 hr.

Aircraft supporting exploration dr illing operations will avoid operating below 1,500 ft (457 m) above sea level over the LBCHU (Figure 1.1) between July 1 and November 15 as practicable. Pre-designated flight routes, which will be approved by the USFW S and BOEMRE during review of the exploration plan, may be used if the area must be traversed and w eather prevents attaining an altitude of 1,500 feet. Flights that are below 1,500 ft (457 m) and over the LBCHU between July 1 and November 15 will be reported to BOEMRE within 24 hr of the event.Bird Strike Avoidance and Lighting Plan Chukchi Sea, Alaska

Shell Gulf of Mexico Inc. 12 May 2011 

## 4.0 REFERENCES

Day, R.H., A.K. Prichard, and J.R. Rose. 2005. Mi gration and collision avoida nce of eiders and other birds at Northstar Island, Alaska, 2001-2004: Final Report. Prepared for BP Exploration (Alaska) Inc.; prepared by ABR, Inc. - Envir onmental Research & Services, Fairbanks, AK. 154

pp.

Desholm, M. and J. Kahlert. 2005. Avian collision risk at an offshore wind farm. Biology Letters.

1:296-298. http://www.journals.royalsoc.ac.uk/media/2g271rrhuj5twjvhhl5x/contributions/ n/7/8/y/n78yk3nl7j2k3rn3.pdf. Site accessed December 14, 2006.

Gall, A. and R. Day. 2009. Distribution and ab undance of seabirds in the northeastern Chukchi Sea, 2008. Final Report prepared for ConocoPhil lips Alaska Inc., Anchorage, AK and Shell Exploration & Production Company, Anchorage, AK by ABR, Inc. – Environmental Research & Services, Fairbanks, AK. 55 pp.

Gall, A. and R. Day. 2010. Distribution and ab undance of seabirds in the northeastern Chukchi Sea, 2008-2009. Prepared for ConocoPhillips Alaska Inc., Anchorage, AK, Shell Exploration & Production Company, Anchorage, AK, and Statoil USA E&P, Inc., Anchorage, AK by ABR, Inc. – Environmental Research & Services, Fairbanks, AK. 68 pp.

Gauthreaux, S.A. and C.G. Belser. 2005. Radar orn ithology and the conservation of migratory birds. in: C.J. Ralph and T.D. Rich, editors. Bird Con servation Implementation and Integration in the Americas: Proceedings of the Third International Partners in Flight C onference. 2002 March 20- 24. pp. 871-875. Asilomar, California; Volume 2. Gen. Tech. Rep. PSW-GTR-191. Albany, CA: Pacific Southwest Research Station, Forest Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture.

Gauthreaux, S.A. and J.W. Livingston. 2006. Moni toring bird migration with a fixed-beam radar and thermal-imaging camera. Journal of Field Ornithology. 77:319-328.

Jones, J. and C.M. Francis. 2003. The effects of light characteristics on avian mortality at lighthouses. Journal of Avian Biology. 34:328–333.

Manville, A.M. 2005. Bird strikes and electrocutions at power lines, communication towers, and wind

turbines: state of the art and state of the scienc e – next steps toward mitigation. USDA Forest Service General Technical Report. PSW-GTR-191.

Marquenie, J.M. 2007. Green light to birds – inv estigation into the effect of bird-friendly lighting. Netherlandse Aardolie Maatschappij. The Netherlands.

MMS. 2003. Beaufort Sea planning area-Oil and Gas Lease Sales 186, 195, and 202. Final environmental impact statement. Vol. I. OC S EIS/EA MMS 2003-001. U.S. Department of the Interior, Minerals Management Service, Alaska OCS Region. Anchorage, AK.

MMS. 2006. Biological evaluation of Steller’s eider ( Polysticta stelleri ), spectacled eider ( Somateria fischeri ), and Kittlitz’s murrelet ( Brachyramphus brevirostris ) for seismic surveys in the

northeast Chukchi Sea and western Beaufort Sea planning areas. Alaska OCS Region. Anchorage, AK. March 2006.Bird Strike Avoidance and Lighting Plan Chukchi Sea, Alaska

Shell Gulf of Mexico Inc. 13 May 2011 MMS. 2007a. Information to lessees, Oil and Gas Lease Sale 202, Beaufort Sea. April 18, 2007.

MMS. 2007b

. Chukchi Sea planning area-Oil and Gas Lease Sa le 193 and seismic surveying activities in the Chukchi Sea. Final environmental impact statement. Vol. I-III. OCS EIS/EA MMS 2007- 026. Alaska OCS Region. Anchorage, AK. May 2007.

MMS. 2008a. Final lease stipulations Oil and Gas Lease Sale 193, Chukchi Sea February 6, 2008. U.S. Department of Interior, Minerals Management Service, Alaska OCS Region, Anchorage, AK. 12

pp.

MMS. 2008. Final information to lessees Oil and Gas Lease Sale 193, Chukchi S ea. February 6, 2008.

New Mexico Department of Game & Fish. 2001. New Mexico Department of Game and Fish guidelines for mitigating bird mortality from communications towers. Conservation Services Division. http://www.wildlife.state.nm.us/conservation/ habitat_handbook/documen ts/CommunicationTowe
rGuidelines.pdf.

Petersen, M.R., W.W. Larned, and D.C. Douglas. 1999. At-sea distributions of spectacled eiders: A 120 year-old mystery resolved.” Auk. 116:1009-1020.

Richardson, W.J. and S.R. Johnson. 1981. Waterbir d migration near the Yukon and Alaskan Coast of the

Beaufort Sea. Arctic. 34:108-121.

Ruth, J.M., W.C. Barrow, R.S. Sojda, D.K. Dawson, R.H. Diehl, A. Manville, M.T. Green, D.J. Krueper, and S. Johnston. 2005. Advancing migratory bird conservation and management by using radar: an interagency collaboration. U.S. Geological Survey, Biological Resources Discipline. Openfile Report 2005-1173.

Shell Gulf of Mexico Inc. 2011. Revised Chukc hi Sea exploration plan OCS Lease Sale 193, Chukchi Sea, Alaska, exploration drilling program Posey Area Blocks 6714, 6762, 6764,6812, 6912, 6915. Submitted to U.S. Department of Inte rior, Bureau of Ocean Energy Management, Regulation and Enforcement, Alaska OCS Region by Shell Gulf of Mexico Inc., Anchorage, AK.

Troy Ecological Research Associates. 1999. Spectacled Eiders in the Beaufort Sea: Distribution and Timing of Use. Final Report. BPXA. Anchorage, AK.

USFWS. 1996. Spectacled eider recovery Plan. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. Anchorage, AK.

USFWS. 2003. Biological opinion for Minerals Ma nagement Service’s proposed Beaufort Sea Natural

Gas and Oil Lease Sale 186. in: Beaufort S ea Planning Area Oil and Gas Lease Sales 186, 195, and 202 Final Environmental Impact Statement. MMS. Alaska OCS Region. Anchorage, AK.

MMS 2003-001. Vol. 4.

USFWS. 2005a. ADVISORY: recommended time periods for avoiding vegetation clearing in Alaska in order to protect migratory birds. Anchorage, Alaska.

USFWS. 2005b. Alaska’s threatened and endangered species. Unpublished report. U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Anchorage Field Office, Anchorage, Alaska. March 2005.Bird Strike Avoidance and Lighting Plan Chukchi Sea, Alaska

Shell Gulf of Mexico Inc. 14 May 2011 USFWS. 2006a. ESA basics fact sheet. June 2006.

USFWS. 2006b. Threatened and endangered species: a consultation guide for southcentral Alaska. June

2006.

Verheijen, F.J. 1985. Photopollution: artificial li ght optic spatial control systems fail to cope with: incidents, causations, remedies. Experimental Biology. 44:1-18.

Woodby, D.A. and G.J. Divoky. 1982. Spring migrati on of eiders and other waterbirds at Point Barrow,

Alaska. Arctic. 35:403-410.Bird Strike Avoidance and Lighting Plan Chukchi Sea, Alaska

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## Attachment A Lease Stipulation No. 7 Oil and Gas Lease Sale 193, Chukchi SeaBird Strike Avoidance and Lighting Plan Chukchi Sea, Alaska

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### LEASE STIPULATION NO. 7 OIL AND GAS LEASE SALE 193, CHUKCHI SEA

S tipulation No. 7. Measures to Minimize Effects to Spectacled and Steller’s Eiders During Exploration

Activities. This stipulation will minimize the likelihood that spectacled and Steller’s eiders will strike drilling structures or vessels. The stipulation also provides additional protection to eiders within the

blocks listed below and Federal wa ters landward of the sale area, including the Ledyard Bay Critical Habitat Area, during times when eiders are present.

(A) General conditions: The following conditions apply to all exploration activities.

(1) An EP must include a plan for recording and reporting bird strikes. All bird collisions (with vessels, aircraft, or drilling structures) shall be documented and reported within 3 days to MMS. Minimum information will include species, date/time, location, weather, identification of the vessel, and aircraft or drilling structure involved and its op erational status when the strike occurred. Bird photographs are not required, but would be helpful in verifying species. Lessees are advised that the FWS does not recommend recovery or transport of dead or injured birds due to avian influenza

concerns.

(2) The following conditions apply to operations c onducted in support of exploratory and delineation drilling.

(a) Surface vessels (e.g., boats, barges) associated with exploration and delineation drilling operations should avoid operating w ithin or traversing the listed blocks or Federal waters between the listed blocks and the coastline between Ap ril 15 and June 10, to the maximum extent practicable. If surface vessels must traverse th is area during this period, the surface vessel operator will have ready access to wildlife hazing equipment (including at least three Breco buoys or similar devices) and personnel trained in its use; hazing equipment may located onboard the vessel or on a nearby oil spill response vessel, or in Point Lay or Wainwright. Lessees are required to provide information regarding their operations within the area upon request of MMS. The MMS may request information regarding num ber of vessels and their dates of operation

within the area.

(b) Except for emergencies or human/naviga tion safety, surface vessels associated with exploration and delineation drilling operations will avoid travel within the Ledyard Bay Critical Habitat Area between July 1 and November 15. Vessel travel within the Ledyard Bay Critical Habitat Area for emergencies or human/navigation safety shall be reported within 24 hr to MMS.

(c) Aircraft supporting drilling operations will avoid operating below 1,500 feet above sea level

over the listed blocks or Federal waters between the listed blocks and the coastline between April 15 and June 10, or the Ledyard Bay Critical Hab itat Area between July 1 and November 15, to the maximum extent practicable. If weather prevents attaining this altitude, aircraft will use predesignated flight routes. Predesignated flight routes will be established by the lessee and MMS, in collaboration with the FWS, during review of the EP. Route or altitude deviations for emergencies or human safety shall be reported within 24 hr to MMS.Bird Strike Avoidance and Lighting Plan Chukchi Sea, Alaska

Shell Gulf of Mexico, Inc. A-2 May 2011 (B) Lighting Protocols. The following lighting requirements apply to activities conducted between April 15 and November 15 of each year.

(1) Drilling Structures: Lessees must adhere to lighting re quirements for all exploration or delineation drilling structures so as to minimize the likelihood that migrating marine and coastal birds will strike these structures. Lessees are required to implement lighting requirements aimed at minimizing the radiation of light outward from exploration or delineation drilling structures to

minimize the likelihood that birds will strike those structures. These requirements establish a coordinated process for a performance-based objective rather than pre-determined prescriptive requirements. The performance-based objective is to minimize the radiation of light outward from exploration/delineation structures while operating on a lease or if staged within nearshore Federal waters pending lease deployment.

Measures to be considered include but need not be limited to the following:

 Shading and/or light fixture placement to di rect light inward and downward to living and work structures while minimizing light radiating upward and outward;

 Types of lights;

 Adjustment of the number and intensity of lights as needed during specific activities;

 Dark paint colors for selected surfaces;

 Low-reflecting finishes or coverings for selected surfaces; and

 Facility or equipment configuration.

Lessees are encouraged to consider other techni cal, operational, and management approaches that could be applied to their specific facilities and ope rations to reduce outward light radiation. Lessees must provide MMS with a written statement of measures that will be or have been taken to meet the lighting objective, and must submit this information with an EP when it is submitted for regulatory review and approval pursuant to 30 CFR 250.203.

(2) Support Vessels: Surface support vessels will minimize the use of high-intensity work lights, especially when traversing the listed blocks and fe deral waters between th e listed blocks and the coastline. Exterior lights will be used only as ne cessary to illuminate active, on-deck work areas during periods of darkness or inclement weather (suc h as rain or fog), otherwise they will be turned off. Interior lights and lights used during navigation could remain on for safety.

For the purpose of this stipulation, the listed blocks are as follows:Bird Strike Avoidance and Lighting Plan Chukchi Sea, Alaska

Shell Gulf of Mexico, Inc. A-3 May 2011 STIPULATION NO. 7 OIL AND GAS LEASE SALE 193, CHUKCHI SEA LISTED BLOCKS (STIPULATION AREA)

NR02-06, Chukchi Sea:
6624, 6625, 6674, 6675, 6723-6725, 6773-6775, 6822, 6823, 6872

NR03-02, Posey:
6872, 6873, 6918-6923, 6967-6973, 7016-7023, 7063-7073, 7112-7123

NR03-03, Colbert
6674, 6723, 6724, 6771-6774, 6820-6824, 6869-6874, 6918-6924, 6966-6974, 7015-7024, 7064-7074, 7113-7124

NR03-04, Solivik Island
6011-6023, 6060-6073, 6109-6122, 6157-6171, 6206-6219, 6255-6268, 6305-6317, 6354-6365, 6403-6414, 6453-6462, 6502-6511, 6552-6560, 6601-6609, 6651-6658, 6701-6707, 6751-6756, 6801-6805, 6851-6854, 6901-6903, 6951, 6952, 7001

NR03-05, Point Lay West
6014-6024, 6062-6073, 6111-6122, 6160-6171, 6209-6221, 6258-6269, 6307-6317, 6356-6365, 6406-6414, 6455-6462, 6503-6510, 6552-6558, 6602-6606, 6652-6655, 6702, 6703

NR04-01, Hanna Shoal
6223, 6267-6273, 6315-6323, 6363-6373, 6411-6423, 6459-6473, 6507-6523, 6556-6573, 6605-6623, 6654-6671, 6703-6721, 6752-6771, 6801-6819, 6851-6868, 6901-6916, 6951-6964, 7001-7010, 7051-7059, 7101-7107

NR04-02, Barrow
6003-6022, 6052-6068, 6102-6118, 6151-6164, 6201-6214, 6251-6262, 6301-6312, 6351-6359, 6401-6409, 6451-6456, 6501-6506, 6551, 6552, 6601, 6602

NR04-03, Wainwright
6002-6006, 6052, 6053

NS04-08, (Unnamed)
6816-6822, 6861-6872, 6910-6922, 6958-6972, 7007-7022, 7055-7072, 7104-7122Bird Strike Avoidance and Lighting Plan Chukchi Sea, Alaska

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## Attachment B

Avian Collision FormBird Strike Avoidance and Lighting Plan Chukchi Sea, Alaska

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LEFT BLANKBird Strike Avoidance and Lighting PlanChukchi Sea, AlaskaShell Gulf of Mexico, Inc.B-1May 2011AVIAN COLLISION FORMObserver (Name or Initials)Vessel NameCollision ObservationsCasualtyID*Date/Time(dd/mm/yy/military)InjuryStatus1SpeciesSex2 (M,F, U)/Age3(A, J, U)Cause of StrikeInjury Description(broken wing, etc.)PhotoID4Observer CommentsD W U□Window□Structure□Light□Other______D W U□Window□Structure□Light□Other______D W U□Window□Structure□Light□Other______D W U□Window□Structure□Light□Other______D W U□Window□Structure□Light□Other______D W U□Window□Structure□Light□Other______*For each new casualty, Create a unique ID value for each new casualty observed. Always start ID with date (e.g. "020104DUCK"for injured duck found Feb. 1, 2004). Includeadditional info in ID as needed (e.g. "020104DUCK3" for 3rd injured duck found Feb. 1, 2004). "DUCK" refers to 4-letter speciescode.1 D= dead, W= wounded, U= unknown2 M= male, F= female, U = unknown3 A= adult, J= juvenile, U= unknown4Name digital photo starting with CASUALTY ID and adding chronological number starting with 001AVIAN COLLISION FORMBird Strike Avoidance and Lighting PlanChukchi Sea, AlaskaShell Gulf of Mexico, Inc.B-2May 2011THIS PAGEINTENTIONALLYLEFT BLANKBird Strike Avoidance and Lighting Plan Chukchi Sea, Alaska

Shell Gulf of Mexico, Inc. May 2011 

## Attachment C Philips ClearSky LightingBird Strike Avoidance and Lighting Plan Chukchi Sea, Alaska

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LEFT BLANKBSird StrikeAvoidanceaShell Gulf of Mexico, Innd Lighting Planc.C-1Chukchi Sea, AlaskaMay 2011Bird Strike Avoidance and Lighting PlanChukchi Sea, AlaskaShell Gulf of Mexico, Inc.C-2May 2011THIS PAGEINTENTIONALLYLEFT BLANK