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| Science                    and Technology in                    18th Century America
**Tracer Bullet 99-1**
- Scope
- Introductions to the Topic
- Subject Headings
- Basic Texts
- Additional Titles
- Specialized Titles
- Related Titles
- Handbooks, Encyclopedias and                             Dictionaries
- Conference Proceedings
- Dissertations
- Selected Dissertations
- Bibliographies
- Government Publications
- Abstracting and Indexing Services                             
- Journals 
- Representative Journal Articles
- Selected Materials
- Additional Sources of Information
**SCOPE**
 A guide to sources chronicling the history of science, invention,                 medicine and technology in colonial America. This compilation,                 an update of TB 74-4, provides references to a variety of materials                 and sources in the collections of the Library of Congress useful                 in researching science and technology in eighteenth-century America.                 Not intended to be a comprehensive bibliography, this guide is                 designed--as the name of the series implies--to put the reader                 "on target." 

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**INTRODUCTIONS TO THE TOPIC**
 Barck, Oscar Theodore, and Hugh Talmage Lefler. Industrial life               in the colonies. In their *Colonial America*. New York, Macmillan,               1958. p. 335-350.                 E188.B26 and Pamphlet box <SciRR> 

Browne, Charles A. Thomas Jefferson and the scientific trends of               his time. *Chronica botanica*, v. 8, summer 1964: 363-423.                                QK1.C55 and Pamphlet box <SciRR> 

Clark, Harry H. The influence of science on American ideas, from               1771-1809. *Transactions of the Wisconsin Academy of Sciences,               Arts and Letters*, v. 35, 1943: 305- 349.                  AS36.W7 and Pamphlet box <SciRR> 

Kilgour, Frederick G. Science in the American colonies and the               early republic, 1664-1845. *Cahiers d'histoire mondiale. Journal               of world history*, v. 10, no. 2, 1967: 393-415.                  D1.C22 and Pamphlet box <SciRR> 

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**SUBJECT HEADINGS**
 Subject headings under which books on science and technology in               colonial America can be located in the Library's card, book, and               online catalogs include the following. You may also want to use               key words such as 18th century, early republic, revolutionary period,               early America, colonial America, eighteenth century, etc., in conjunction               with specific terms or scientific disciplines.

**Highly Relevant**
SCIENCE--UNITED STATES--HISTORY--18TH CENTURYTECHNOLOGY--UNITED STATES--18TH CENTURYMEDICINE--UNITED STATES--HISTORY--18TH CENTURYAGRICULTURE--UNITED STATES--HISTORY--18TH CENTURYNATURAL HISTORY--UNITED STATES--18TH CENTURY
**Relevant**
SCIENCE--UNITED STATES--HISTORYTECHNOLOGY--UNITED STATES--HISTORYAGRICULTURE--UNITED STATES--HISTORYINDUSTRIES--UNITED STATES--HISTORYMEDICINE--UNITED STATES--HISTORYNATURAL HISTORY--UNITED STATES--HISTORYUNITED STATES--MANUFACTURESINVENTIONS--UNITED STATES--HISTORY
**More General**
UNITED STATES--HISTORY--COLONIAL PERIOD, ca. 1600-1775-- BIBLIOGRAPHYUNITED                 STATES--HISTORY--COLONIAL PERIOD, ca. 1600-1775-- SOURCES UNITED STATES--HISTORY--REVOLUTION, 1775-1783
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**BASIC TEXTS**
 Bedini, Silvio A. *Thinkers and tinkers: early American men               of science*. New York, Scribner, 1975. 520 p.                  Bibliography: p. 489-490.			     Q127.U6B33 <SciRR>            

Cohen, I. Bernard. *Science and the founding fathers: science               in the political thought of Jefferson, Franklin, Adams, and Madison*.               New York, W. W. Norton, c1995. 368 p.                  Bibliography: p. 315-353.			     E302.5.C62 1995 <SciRR>

*Early American science*. Brooke Hindle, editor. New York,               Science History Publications, 1976. 213 p.                 Includes bibliographical references.			     Q127.U6E17 <SciRR> 

*Early American technology: making and doing things from the               colonial era to 1850.* Edited by Judith A. McGaw. Chapel Hill,               Published for the Institute of Early American History and Culture,               Williamsburg, Virginia, by the University of North Carolina Press,               c1994. 482 p.                  Bibliography: p. 358-460.			     T21.E24 1994 <SciRR>            

Friedenberg, Zachary B. *The doctor in colonial America*.               Danbury, Conn., Rutledge Books, 1998. 259 p.                  Includes bibliographical references.			     Not Yet in LC            

Greene, John C. *American science in the age of Jefferson*.               Ames, Iowa State University Press, 1984. 484 p.                  Includes bibliographical references.			     Q127.U6G69 1984 <SciRR>            

Hindle, Brooke. *The pursuit of science in Revolutionary America,               1735-1789*. Chapel Hill, Published for the Institute of Early               American History and Culture, Williamsburg, Virginia, by the University               of North Carolina Press, 1956. 410 p.                  Bibliography: p. 387-392.			     Q127.U6H5 <SciRR>            

Stearns, Raymond Phineas. *Science in the British colonies of               America*. Urbana, University of Illinois Press, 1970. 766 p.                                Bibliography: p. 712-717.			     Q127.N6S7 <SciRR>            

Struik, Dirk Jan. *Yankee science in the making: science and               engineering in New England from Colonial times to the Civil War*.               New York, Dover Publications, 1991. 544 p.                  Bibliography: p. 485-532.                  "Unabridged, slightly enlarged republication               of the revised edition, first published by Collier Books, New York,               1962. The original edition was published by Little, Brown and Company,               Boston, 1948."			     Q127.U6S8 1991 <SciRR> 

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**ADDITIONAL TITLES**
 Bell, Whitfield J. *Early American science: needs and opportunities               for study.* New York, Russell & Russell, 1971, c1955. 85               p. 			     Bibliography: p. 37-80.                 Q127.U6B35 1971 <SciRR>            

Cohen, I. Bernard. *Some early tools of American science: an               account of the early scientific instruments and mineralogical and               biological collections in Harvard University.* With a foreword               by Samuel Eliot Morison. New York, Russell & Russell, 1967,               c1950. 201 p.                  Q127.U6C6 1967 

Fortune, Brandon Brame, and Deborah J. Warner. *Franklin and               his friends: portraying the man of science in eighteenth century               America*. Smithsonian National Portrait Gallery. Philadelphia,               University of Pennsylvania Press, 1999. 178 p.                  Includes bibliographical references.                 An exhibition at the National Portrait Gallery,               Smithsonian Institution, April 16-September 6, 1999. 			      Q143.F8F67 1999 <SciRR>            

Hawke, David Freeman. *Nuts and bolts of the past: a history               of American technology, 1776-1860*. New York, Harper & Row,               c1988. 308 p.                  Bibliography: p. 287-293.			     T21.H39 1988 <SciRR>            

Hindle, Brooke. *Technology in early America: needs and opportunities               for study*. With a directory of artifact collections, by Lucius               F. Ellsworth. Chapel Hill, Published for the Institute of Early               American History and Culture at Williamsburg, Virginia, by the University               of North Carolina Press, 1966. 145 p.                  Bibliography: p. 29-94.			     T21.H5 <SciRR>            

Martin, Edwin Thomas. *Thomas Jefferson: scientist*. New               York, H. Schuman, 1952. 289 p.                  Bibliography: p. 261-283. 			     E332.M33 <SciRR>

Regis, Pamela. *Describing early America: Bartram, Jefferson,               CrŠvecoeur, and the rhetoric of natural history*. DeKalb,               Northern Illinois University Press, 1992. 189 p.                  Bibliography: p. 177-183.			     PS367.R44 1991            

Rowland, K. T. *Eighteenth century inventions*. Newton Abbot,               David & Charles; New York, Barnes & Noble, 1974. 160 p.                                Includes bibliographical references.			     T18.R68 1974 

*Science and society in early America: essays in honor of Whitfield               J. Bell, Jr*. Edited by Randolph Shipley Klein. Philadelphia,               American Philosophical Society, 1986. 426 p. (American Philosophical               Society. Memoirs, v. 166)                  Includes bibliographical references.			     Q11.P612, v. 166            

Scientific societies in eighteenth century America. In Bates, Ralph               S. *Scientific societies in the United States*. 3d ed. Cambridge,               Mass., M.I.T. Press, 1965. p. 1-27.                  Bibliography: p. 245-293.			     Q11.A1B3 1965 <SciRR>            

Wilbur, C. Keith. *Revolutionary medicine*, 1700-1800. 2nd               ed. Old Saybrook, Conn., Globe Pequot Press, c1997. 88 p.                  Bibliography: p. 79-80.			     E283.W54 1997 <SciRR>            

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**SPECIALIZED TITLES**
*America's wooden age: aspects of its early technology*.               Edited by Brooke Hindle. Tarrytown, N.Y., Sleepy Hollow Restorations,               1975. 218 p.                  Bibliography: p. 211-212.			     T21.A59

Bedini, Silvio A. *Early American scientific instruments and               their makers*. Rancho Cordova, Calif., Landmark Enterprises,               c1986. 189 p.                   Bibliography: p. 172-176.                 Originally published in Washington, D.C., Museum               of History and Technology, Smithsonian Institution, 1964.                  "Errata and addenda": p. 185-186.                  "Addenda to bibliography": p. 188-189.			     Q185.B4 1986 <SciRR>            

Bedini, Silvio A. *Thomas Jefferson and American vertebrate               paleontology*. Charlottesville, Va., Commonwealth of Virginia,               Dept. of Mines, Minerals and Energy, Division of Mineral Resources,               1985. 26 p. (Virginia Division of Mineral Resources. Publication,               61) 			     Bibliography: p. 24-26.                 "Presented by the author as the keynote address               for the Symposium on the Quaternary of Virginia held at Charlottesville               in September 1984."			     QE841.B385 1985            

Bidwell, Percy Wells, and John I. Falconer. *History of agriculture               in the Northern United States, 1620-1860*. Clifton, N.J., A.               M. Kelley, 1973. 512 p. (Library of early American business and               industry, 59) 			     Includes bibliographical references.                 Reprint of the 1925 ed.			     S441.B5 1973 <SciRR>            

Bishop, J. Leander. *A history of American manufactures from               1608-1860*. 3d ed., rev. and enl., with an introduction by Louis               M. Hacker. New York, A. M. Kelley, 1966. 3 v. (Library of early               American Business and industry, 1)                  Bibliographical footnotes.                 3d ed. first published in 1868.			     TS23.B72 1966 <SciRR>

Blanton, Wyndham Bolling. *Medicine in Virginia in the eighteenth               century*. New York, AMS Press, 1980, c1931. 449 p.                  Bibliography: p. 421-426.                 Reprint of the ed. published by Garrett &               Massie, Richmond, Va.			      R345.B52 1980            

Brown, M. L. *Firearms in colonial America: the impact on history               and technology*, 1492-1792. Washington, Smithsonian Institution               Press, 1980. 450 p.                  Bibliography: p. 411-415.			     TS533.2.B76 

Catesby, Mark. *Catesby's Birds of colonial America*. Edited               by Alan Feduccia. Chapel Hill, University of North Carolina Press,               c1985. 176 p.                  Bibliography: p. 171-172.                 Includes text of *The natural history of Carolina,               Florida and the Bahama Islands*.			     QL683.A87C38 1985            

Cowen, David L. *The colonial and revolutionary heritage of               pharmacy in America*. Trenton, New Jersey Pharmaceutical Association,               1976. 24 p. 			     Includes bibliographical references.                 "Originally appeared in thirteen monthly               installments in the *New Jersey journal of pharmacy* starting               with the June 1975 issue."                  RS67.U6C68		    

Duffy, John. *Epidemics in colonial America*. Baton Rouge,               Louisiana State University Press, 1953. 274 p.                  Bibliography: p. 249-265.			     RA650.5.D8 

Goldenberg, Joseph A. *Shipbuilding in colonial America*.               Charlottesville, Published for the Mariners Museum, Newport News,               Virginia, by the University Press of Virginia, 1976. 306 p. (Mariners               Museum. Publication, no. 33)                  Bibliography: p. 287-299.			     VM23.G64  

Gordon, Maurice Bear. *Naval and maritime medicine during the               American Revolution*. Ventnor, N.J., Ventnor Publishers, c1978.               134 p.                  Includes bibliographical references.			     RD202.G67            

Gray, Lewis Cecil. *History of agriculture in the southern United               States to 1860*. Assisted by Esther Katherine Thompson, with               an introductory note by Henry Charles Taylor. Washington, The Carnegie               Institution of Washington, 1933. 2 v. (Carnegie Institution of Washington.               Publication 430) (Contributions to American economic history, no.               7)                  Bibliography: v. 2, p. 943-1016.			     S445.G8

Harvard University. *The apparatus of science at Harvard, 1765-1800*.               By David P. Wheatland, assisted by Barbara Carson. Cambridge, Mass.,               Harvard University, 1968. 203 p.                  Bibliography: p. 200.			     Q185.H3 

Hedrich, U. P. *A history of horticulture in America to 1860*.               New York, Oxford University Press, 1950. 551 p.                  Bibliography: p. 515-523.			     SB83.H4 <SciRR>

Hornberger, Theodore. *Scientific thought in the American colleges*,               1638-1800. New York, Octagon Books, 1968, c1946. 108 p.                  Bibliography: p. 89-103.			     Q181.H77 1968 

Mulholland, James A. *A history of metals in colonial America*.               University, Ala., University of Alabama Press, c1981. 215 p.                  Bibliography: p. 203-209.			     TN623.M84 <SciRR>

Murphy, Lamar R. *Enter the physician: the transformation of               domestic medicine*, 1760-1860. Tuscaloosa, University of Alabama               Press, c1991. 312 p.                  Bibliography: p. 229-302.			     RC81.M965 1990 

Powell, J. H. *Bring out your dead: the great plague of yellow               fever in Philadelphia in 1793*. Reprinted with a new introduction               by Kenneth R. Foster, Mary F. Jenkins, and Anna Coxe Toogood. Philadelphia,               University of Pennsylvania Press, c1993. 304 p.                  Bibliography: p. 287-294.                 Originally published in New York, Arno Press,               1949. 			     RC211.P5P6 1993

Reiss, Oscar. *Medicine and the American Revolution: how diseases               and their treatments affected the colonial army*. Jefferson,               N.C., McFarland & Co., c1998. 278 p.                  Bibliography: p. 265-272.			     E283.R45 1998

Reveal, James L. *Gentle conquest: the botanical discovery of               North America with illustrations from the Library of Congress*.               Washington, Starwood Pub., c1992. 160 p.                  Includes bibliographical references.			     QK21.N6R48 1992 <SciRR> 

Shryock, Richard Harrison. *Medicine and society in America,               1660-1860*. New York, New York University Press, 1960. 182 p.               			     Includes bibliographical references.                 Reprinted from the *Proceedings of the American               Antiquarian Society* for October 1949.			     R148.S45 <SciRR>

Tunis, Edwin. *Colonial craftsmen and the beginnings of American               industry*. Cleveland, World Pub. Co., 1965. 159 p.                  T21.T8 
**Titles relating to Correspondence, Reminiscences and Biography**
Bartram, John. *The correspondence of John Bartram, 1734-1777*.               Edited by Edmund Berkeley and Dorothy Smith Berkeley. Gainesville,               University Press of Florida, c1992. 808 p.                  Bibliography: p. 792-797.			     QK31.B3A4 1992 

Bartram, John. *John and William Bartram's America: selections               from the writings of the Philadelphia naturalists*. Edited with               an introduction by Helen Gere Cruickshank. Greenwich, Conn., Devin-Adair,               c1990. 418 p. 			      Reprint of the 1957 ed.                 QH31.B23A3 1990 

Bedini, Silvio A. *At the sign of the compass and quadrant:               the life and times of Anthony Lamb*. Philadelphia, American               Philosophical Society, 1984. 84 p.                  Includes bibliographical references.                 Reprinted from v. 74, pt. 1 (1984) of the *Transactions               of the American Philosophical Society*. 			     Q143.L29B43 1984 

Bedini, Silvio A. *Thomas Jefferson: statesman of science*.               New York, Macmillan, c1990. 616 p.                  Bibliography: p. 519-543.			     E332.2.B37 1990 <SciRR>.            

Beall, Otho T., and Richard H. Shryock. *Cotton Mather, first               significant figure in American medicine*. Baltimore, Johns Hopkins               Press, 1954. 241 p. (Publications of the Institute of the History               of Medicine. First series: Monographs, v. 5)                  F67.M4218                  Reprinted from v. 63 (1954) of the Proceedings               of the American Antiquarian Society. 

Bell, Whitfield J. *The colonial physician & other essays*.               New York, Science History Publications, 1975. 229 p.                  R152.B43 1975                  Contents: Portrait of the colonial physician.--John               Redman, medical preceptor (1722-1808).--Philadelphia medical students               in Europe, 1750- 1800.-- Thomas Parke, physician and friend.--James               Hutchinson (1752-1793): a physician in politics.--Benjamin Franklin               and the practice of medicine.--James Smith and public encouragement               of vaccination.--Lives in medicine: Thacher, Williams and Gross.--Joseph               M. Toner (1852-1896) as a medical historian.--John Morgan: adventures               of a biographer.--Adam Cunningham's Atlantic crossing, 1728.--William               Shippen's introductory lecture.--Body snatching in Philadelphia.--               An eighteenth century American medical manuscript.--Dr. James Rush               on his teachers. 

Bell, Whitfield J. *John Morgan, continental doctor*. Philadelphia,               University of Pennsylvania Press, 1965. 301 p.                  Bibliography: p. 267-291.			     R154.M74B4 1965            

Betts, Edwin M., and Hazlehurst Bolton Perkins. *Thomas Jefferson's               flower garden at Monticello*. 3rd ed. Revised and enlarged by               Peter J. Hatch. Charlottesville, Published for the Thomas Jefferson               Memorial Foundation, Inc., by the University Press of Virginia,               1986. 96 p.                  Bibliography: p. 95-96.			     E332.74.B48 1986            

Cantwell, Robert. *Alexander Wilson: naturalist and pioneer,               a biography.* With decorations by Robert Ball. Philadelphia,               Lippincott, 1961. 318 p.                  QL31.W7C3 

Cohen, I. Bernard. *Benjamin Franklin's science*. Cambridge,               Mass., Harvard University Press, 1990. 273 p.                  Bibliography: p. 213-266.			     QC16.F68C64 1990            

Collinson, Peter. *Brothers of the spade: correspondence of               Peter Collinson, of London, and of John Custis, of Williamsburg,               Virginia, 1734-1746*. By E. G. Swem. Barre, Mass., Barre Gazette,               1957. 196 p.                  Bibliography: p. 97-131, 145-177.                 Reprinted from v. 58, pt. 1 (1949) of the *Proceedings               of the American Antiquarian Society*.			     QK31.C7A4 1957            

Dickinson, H. W. *Robert Fulton, engineer and artist: his life               and works*. Freeport, N.Y., Books for Libraries Press, 1971.               333 p.                                Includes bibliographical references.			     Reprint of 1913 ed.                  "Appendix C: List of writings by Robert Fulton,"               p. 282- 283.                  "Appendix F: Fulton's U.S. Patent Specification               of 1810."			     VM140.F9D5 1971

Eliot, Jared. *Essays upon field husbandry in New England, and               other papers, 1748- 1762*. Edited by Harry J. Carman and Rexford               G. Tugwell, with a biographical sketch by Rodney H. True. New York,               AMS Press, 1967. 261 p.                  Bibliography: p. 255-256.			                   Reprint of the 1934 ed., which was issued as Columbia               University studies in the history of American agriculture, 1.                  Contents: Essays upon field husbandry in New England.--An               essay on the invention, or art of making very good, if not the best               iron, from black sea sand.--Letters on agriculture received by Jared               Eliot from J. Bartram and others.			     S497.E4 1967 

Estes, J. Worth. *Hall Jackson and the purple foxglove: medical               practice and research in Revolutionary America, 1760-1820*.               Hanover, N.H., University Press of New England, 1979. 291 p.                  Includes bibliographical references.			     R154.J27E83            

Ferguson, Eugene S. *Oliver Evans, inventive genius of the American               Industrial Revolution*. Greenville, Del., Hagley Museum, c1980.               72 p. 			     Includes bibliographical references.                 T40.E9F47 

Ford, Edward. *David Rittenhouse, astronomer-patriot*, 1723-1796.               Philadelphia, University of Pennsylvania Press, 1946. 226 p.                  Bibliography: p. 213-217.			     QB36.R4F6            

Franklin, Benjamin. *Benjamin Franklin's Experiments: an new               edition of Franklin's Experiments and observations on electricity*.               Edited, with a critical and historical introduction by I. Bernard               Cohen. Cambridge, Mass., Harvard University Press, 1941. 453 p.                                "Bibliographical table": p. 158-161.			     QC516.F85 1941             

Frick, George Frederick, and Raymond Phineas Stearns. *Mark               Catesby: the colonial Audubon*. Urbana, University of Illinois               Press, 1961. 137 p.                  QH31.C35F7                  "A checklist of Mark Catesby's published               works": p. 109- 111. 

Goodman, Nathan Gerson. *Benjamin Rush, physician and citizen,               1746-1813*. Philadelphia, University of Pennsylvania Press,               1934. 421 p. 			     Bibliography: p. 377-406.                 R154.R9G65            

Green, Constance McLaughlin. *Eli Whitney and the birth of American               technology.* Boston, Little, Brown, 1956. 215 p.                  Includes bibliographical references.			     TS1570.W4G7            

Hall, Courtney Robert. *A scientist in the early republic: Samuel               Latham Mitchell, 1764-1831*. New York, Russell & Russell,               1967, c1962. 162 p.                               "Bibliography of Mitchell's writings":               p. 141-150.                  Bibliography: p. 151-155.			     Q143.M675H3 1967 

Jefferson, Thomas. *Thomas Jefferson's Farm book, with commentary               and relevant extracts from other writings.* Edited by Edwin               Morris Betts. Princeton, Published for the American Philosophical               Society by Princeton University Press, 1953. 552 p. (Memoirs of               the American Philosophical Society, v. 35)                  Bibliography: p. 529-531.			     S451.V8J4 

Jefferson, Thomas. *Thomas Jefferson's Garden book, 1766-1824,               with relevant extracts from his other writings*. Annotated by               Edwin Morris Betts. Philadelphia, American Philosophical Society,               1944. 704 p. (Memoirs of the American Philosophical Society, v.               22)                  Bibliography: p. 663-666.			     SB479.J4 

Kalm, Pehr. *Travels into North America.* Translated into               English by John Reinhold Forster. Introd. by Ralph M. Sargent. Barre,               Mass., Imprint Society, 1972. 514 p.                  E162.K173                  Translation of *En resa til Norra America.*

*The Life and scientific and medical career of Benjamin Waterhouse:               with some account of the introduction of vaccination in America*.               I. Bernard Cohen, editor. New York, Arno Press, 1980. 2 v.                  Includes bibliographical references.                 A collection of four of Waterhouse's own writings,               followed by a section containing some articles, published in a variety               of journals, dealing with the life and career of Waterhouse and               his role in the introduction of vaccination. 			     R154.W29L5 

Rush, Benjamin. *The autobiography of Benjamin Rush; his "Travels               through life" together with his Commonplace book for 1789-1813*.               Edited with introd. and notes by George W. Corner. Westport, Conn.,               Greenwood Press, 1970, c1948. 399 p.                  Includes bibliographical references.			     E302.6.R85R8 1970 

Savage, Henry, and Elizabeth J. Savage. *André‚               and François André‚ Michaux*. Charlottesville,               University Press of Virginia, 1986. 435 p.                  Bibliography: p. 411-420.			     QK31.M45S28 1986            

Slaughter, Thomas P. *The natures of John and William Bartram.*               New York, Alfred A. Knopf, 1996. 304 p.                  Bibliography: p. 275-292.			     QK31.B3S58 1996            

Thacher, James. *American medical biography*. With an new               introd. and a bibliography by Whitfield J. Bell, Jr. New York, Da               Capo Press, 1967. 2 v.                  Bibliography: p. 279-291.                 Reprint of 1st ed., published in Boston in 1828.               			     R153.T32             

Warren, Edward. *The life of John Warren, M.D., Surgeon-General               during the war of the revolution, first professor of anatomy and               surgery in Harvard College, president of the Massachusetts Medical               Society, etc*. Boston, Noyes, Holmes and Company, 1874. 568               p.                  R154.W25W2 

Winthrop, John. *The scientific work of John Winthrop*.               Michael Shute, editor. New York, Arno Press, 1980. ca 350 p. in               various pagings.                  Q171.W79 1980                  Reprints of eighteen articles, letters, etc.,               published between 1742 and 1916 by various publishers. 

Wright, Karl Eugene. "*Pennsylvania medical men of the               American Revolution and era": a history of the Revolution and               era told through the lives of those who lived and made that history*.               S.l., K. E. Wright, 1981. 36 p.                  Includes bibliographical references			     R315.W74 
**Titles for Younger Readers**
*The Arts and sciences: a sourcebook on colonial America.*Edited               by Carter Smith. Brookfield, Conn., Millbrook Press, c1991. 96 p.               (American albums from the collections of the Library of Congress                                Includes bibliographical references.                  Describes and illustrates the arts and sciences               of colonial and early Federal America through a variety of images               produced at the time.			      E162.A667 1991 

*Farming: copyright-free illustrations for lovers of history*.               Compiled by Bobbie Kalman. New York, Crabtree Pub., c1998. 32 p.                                S441.F25 1998                  Etchings and descriptions depict various aspects               of farm life in pioneer times, including the chores, the livestock,               and the harvest. 

Feldman, Eve. *Benjamin Franklin, scientist and inventor*.               New York, F. Watts, 1990. 64 p.                  Includes bibliographical references.                 Discusses Benjamin Franklin's experiments and               inventions involving electricity and examines his improvements to               everyday objects of his time.			     Q143.F8F45 1990 

Giblin, James. *The mystery of the mammoth bones, and how it               was solved*. New York, HarperCollins Publishers, c1999. 97 p.                                              Bibliography: p. 89-91.                 Describes the efforts of the artist, museum curator,               and self- taught paleontologist, Charles Willson Peale, to excavate,               study, and display the bones of a prehistoric creature that is later               named "mastodon." 			     QE882.U7G48 1999

January, Brendan. *Science in colonial America*. New York,               Franklin Watts, c1999. 64 p.                  Bibliography: p. 61-62.                 Describes the scientific contributions made by               people in colonial America, including natural history, medicine,               astronomy, and electricity.			     Q127.U6J35 1999

Sanger, Marjory (Bartlett). *Billy Bartram and his green world:               an interpretative biography*. New York, Farrar, Straus &               Giroux, 1972. 207 p.                  Bibliography: p. 197-202.                  A biography of the eighteenth-century man who               devoted his life to studying and drawing birds, animals, and plants               in America's wilderness. 			     QL31.B33S35 1972 

Terkel, Susan Neiburg. *Colonial American medicine*. New               York, Franklin Watts, c1993. 111 p.                  Bibliography: p. 104-106.                  Examines the health risks in the American colonies               during the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries and looks at the               questionable, and even dangerous, treatments and remedies available               at the time. 			     R151.T43 1993 

Thompson, Sylvia, and Mary Marcoux. Colonial science: studying               the colonial uses of herbs helps children link the past with the               present. *Science and children*, v. 33, Feb. 1996: 12-15,               35.                  LB1585.S34 

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**RELATED TITLES**
 Brigham, David R. *Public culture in the early republic: Peale's               Museum and its audience*. Washington, Smithsonian Institution               Press, c1995. 215 p.                  Includes bibliographical references.			     AM101.P496B75 1995            

Goler, Robert I. *The healing arts in early America*. New               York, Fraunces Tavern Museum, c1985. 56 p.                  Bibliography: p. 54-56.                 Catalog of an exhibition on view at Fraunces Tavern               Museum from Dec. 6, 1985 through June 20, 1986.			      R152.G55 1985            

Hatch, Peter J. *The fruits and fruit trees of Monticello*.               Charlottesville, University Press of Virginia, 1998. 222 p.                  Bibliography: p. 207-214.			     E332.74.H38 1998

Hood, Graham. *Bonnin and Morris of Philadelphia: the first               American porcelain factory*, 1770-1772. Chapel Hill, Published               for the Institute of Early American History and Culture at Williamsburg,               Virginia, by the University of North Carolina Press, 1972. 78 p.                                Includes bibliographical references.			     NK4210.B66H66 

Quimby, Ian M. G. *Apprenticeship in colonial Philadelphia*.               New York, Garland Pub., 1985. 215 p.                  Bibliography: p. 187-192.                 Originally presented as the author's thesis (M.A.)--University               of Delaware, 1963.			     HD4885.U5Q56 1985

Rice, Howard C. *The Rittenhouse orrery: Princeton's eighteenth-century               planetarium, 1767-1954. A commentary on an exhibition held in the               Princeton University Library.* Princeton, N.J., Princeton University               Library, 1954. 88 p.                  Bibliography: p. 76-81.			     QB70.A1R5

Stapleton, Darwin H. *The transfer of early industrial technologies               to America.* Philadelphia, American Philosophical Society, 1987.               215 p. (Memoirs of the (American Philosophical Society, v. 177)                                Bibliography: p. 202-207			     Q11.P612.

Woolf, Harry. *The transits of Venus: a study of eighteenth-century               science*. Princeton, N.J., Princeton University Press, 1959.               258 p.                  Bibliography: p. 215-251 			     QB509.W75

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**HANDBOOKS, ENCYCLOPEDIAS AND                   DICTIONARIES**            Handbook, Encyclopedias, Dictionaries containing supplementary material             include:             
*Dictionary of American biography*. New York, Scribner,               1928-1958. 22 v.                  E176.D563 <BusRR> 

*Dictionary of scientific biography*. New York, Scribner,               1970-                  Q141.D5 <SciRR Desk> 

Henry E. Huntington Library and Art Gallery (San Marino, Calif.).               *Science and the new world (1526-1800): an exhibition to illustrate               the scientific contributions of the new world and the spread of               scientific ideas in America*. San Marino, Calif., 1937. 18 p.                                Z7409.H51 

Kelly, Howard A. *A cyclopedia of American medical biography,               comprising the lives of eminent deceased physicians and surgeons               from 1610-1910*. Philadelphia, W. B. Saunders, 1912. 2 v.                  R153.K3 

Thornton, John Leonard., and R. I. J. Tully. *Scientific books,               libraries and collectors: a study of bibliography and the book trade               in relation to science*. 3d ed. London, Library Association,               1971. 508 p.                  Bibliography: p. 381-465.                 See especially "Scientific books from 1701-1800.":               p. 142- 199. 			     Z7401.T45 1971 <SciRR> 

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**CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS**
Agricultural history. *Eighteenth-century agriculture: a symposium*.               Edited by John T. Schlebecker. Davis, Calif., Agricultural History               Society, 1969. 214 p. (*Agricultural history*, v. 43, Jan.               1969)                  S1.A16, v. 43 

*Farming in the new nation: interpreting American agriculture,               1790-1840*. Edited by Darwin P. Kelsey. Washington, Agricultural               History Society, 1972. 239 p. 			     Includes bibliographical references.                 Papers presented at a symposium held Sept. 16-18,               1970, in Old Sturbridge Village, Mass., and sponsored by the Agricultural               History Society, Old Sturbridge Village, the Smithsonian Institution,               and the United States Department of Agriculture, and originally               published as v. 46, no. 1, Jan. 1972, of *Agricultural history*.               			     S441.F26            

*Medicine in colonial Massachusetts, 1620-1820: a conference               held 25 & 26 May 1978*. The Colonial Society of Massachusetts.               Boston, The Society; Charlottesville, Distrib-uted by the University               Press of Virginia, c1980. 425 p. (Colonial Society of Massachusetts.               Publications, v. 57)                  Includes bibliographical references.			     F61.C71, v. 57            

*The Pursuit of knowledge in the early American Republic: American               scientific and learned societies from colonial times to the Civil               War*. Edited by Alexandra Oleson and Sanborn C. Brown. Baltimore,               Johns Hopkins University Press, c1976. 372 p.                  Includes bibliographical references.                  Papers from a five-day workshop held by the American               Academy of Arts and Sciences, in Cape Newagen, Me., June 1973. 			     AS25.P87            

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**DISSERTATIONS**
 Dissertations can be located by using the following indexes located               in the Library's Main Reading Room, on FirstSearch, or from the               Library's web site using computers in the Library's Computer Catalog               Centers. From the Public Workstation home-page, choose Electronic               Resources, followed by Other Subscription Services, and scroll down               to *Digital Dissertations*. This file includes full text               of currently issued dissertations. 
*Comprehensive Dissertation Index 1861/1972*-                   (1973- annual) Z5053.X47 1973 *Dissertation Abstracts International*                   (1938- monthly) Z5053.D57 *Dissertation Abstracts Ondisc*(CD-ROM&--same                   coverage as print volumes) *Masters Abstracts International* (1962-1985)Z5055.U49M3 
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**SELECTED DISSERTATIONS**
Ardila, Marta. *Science policies in the American colonies: a               comparative study*. Ann Arbor, Mich., University Microfilms,               1992. 323 p.                  UMI Microfiche 92-12812                  Bibliography: p. 298-309.                  Thesis (doctoral)--Boston University, 1992. 

Condon, Adrienne. *Transatlantic friends: the correspondence               of Peter Collinson (1694- 1768)* and *John Bartram (1699-1777)*.               Ann Arbor, Mich., University Microfilms, 1996. 215 p.                  UMI Microfiche 96-22226                  Bibliography: p. 208-214.                  Thesis (doctoral)--University of South Florida,               1996. 

Malone, Robert J. *Everyday science, surveying, and politics               in the old southwest: William Dunbar and the influence of place               on natural philosophy.* Ann Arbor, Mich., University Microfilms,               1996. 347 p.                  UMI Microfiche 97-09271                  Bibliography: p. 326-344.                  Thesis (doctoral)--University of Florida, 1996.             

Parrish, Susan S. *Performances of curiosity: British and British-American               natural histories of the new world in the colonial period.*               Ann Arbor, Mich., University Microfilms, 1998. 273 p.                  UMI Microfiche 99-01571                  Includes bibliographical references.                  Thesis (doctoral)--Stanford University, 1998 

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**BIBLIOGRAPHIES**
*Agriculture in Britain and America, 1660-1820: an annotated               bibliography of the eighteenth-century literature*. Compiled               by Samuel J. Rogal. Westport, Conn., Greenwood Press, 1994. 266               p. (Bibliographies and indexes in world history, no. 23)                  Bibliography: p. 237-240.			     Z5075.G8R64 1994 <SciRR>            

American Philosophical Society, Philadelphia. *Classified index               to the publications of the American Philosophical Society.*               A list of papers, monographs, treatises and books published by the               Society, 1769-1940. Philadelphia, 1940. 173 p.                  Z5055.U4A7 

American Philosophical Society, Philadelphia. Library. *Catalog               of manuscripts in the American Philosophical Society Library, including               the archival shelflist*. Westport, Conn., Greenwood Pub. Corp.,               1970. 10 v.                  Z881.P5319 

*Current bibliography in the history of technology*. 1990-               Chicago, University of Chicago Press, 1992-                  TI.T27 and Computer Format                  Issued by the Society for the History of Technology               and previously (1964-1990) appeared annually in issues of its *Technology               and culture*.                  Also available online (1976- ) through RLIN's               Eureka as part of the HST, History of science and technology, file.             

Cutting, Rose Marie. *John and William Bartram, William Byrd               II, and St. John de Crèvecoeur: a reference guide*. Boston,               G. K. Hall, c1976. 174 p. (Reference guides in literature, no. 12)                                Z1231.P8C87 

Darton, Nelson Horatio. *Catalogue and index of contributions               to North American geology*, 1732-1891. New York, Arno Press,               1980. 1045 p.                  Bibliography: p. 1036-1040.                 Reprint of the 1896 ed. published by the Govt.               Print. Off., Washington, which was issued as no. 127 of the *U.S.               Geological Survey bulletin.*			     Z6034.N65D37 1980 <SciRR> 

Erlen, Jonathon. *The history of the health care sciences and               health care, 1700-1980: a selective annotated bibliography.*               New York, Garland, 1984. 1028 p. (Garland reference library of the               humanities, v. 398) (Bibliographies of the history of science and               technology, v. 10)                  Z6660.8.E74 1984 <SciRR> 

Ferguson, Eugene S. *Bibliography of the history of technology*.               Cambridge, Mass., Society for the History of Technology, 1968. 347               p. (Society for the History of Technology. Monograph series, v.               5)                  Z7914.H5F4 <SciRR> 

Fusonie, Alan M. *Heritage of American agriculture: a bibliography               of pre-1860 imprints.*. Beltsville, Md., National Agricultural               Library, U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, 1975 1968. 347 p. (National               Agricultural Library, Library list, 98)                  Z881.U4L5, no. 98 

Gephart, Ronald M. *Revolutionary America, 1763-1789: a bibliography*.               Compiled by Ronald M. Gephart. Washington, Library of Congress;               for sale by the Supt. of Docs, U.S. G.P.O., 1984. 2 v. (1672 p.)                                Z1238.G43 1984 <MRR Alc>                 See especially, v. 2, p. 979-991. 

Guerra, Francisco. *American medical bibliography, 1639-1783*.               A chronological catalogue, and critical and bibliographical study               of books, pamphlets, broadsides, and articles in periodical publications               relating to the medical sciences--medicine, surgery, pharmacy, dentistry,               and veterinary medicine--printed in the present territory of the               United States of America during British dominion and the Revolutionary               War. New York, L. C. Harper, 1962. 885 p. (Yale University. Dept.               of the History of Science and Medicine. Publication, no. 40)                  Z6659.G8 <SciRR> 

*ISIS cumulative bibliography: a bibliography of the history               of science formed from ISIS critical bibliographies 1-90, 1913-65.*               Edited by Magda Whitrow. London, Mansell in conjunction with the               History of Science Society, 1971-1984. 6 v.                  Z7405.H6I2 <SciRR> 

*ISIS cumulative bibliography 1966-1975: a bibliography of the               history of science formed from ISIS critical bibliographies 91-100               indexing literature published from 1965 through 1975*. Edited               by John Neu. London, Mansell in conjunction with the History of               Science Society, 1980-1985. 2 v.                  Z7405.H6I2 Suppl. <SciRR> 

*ISIS cumulative bibliography 1976-1985: a bibliography of the               history of science formed from ISIS critical bibliographies 101-110               indexing literature published from 1975 through 1984*. Edited               by John Neu. Boston, G. K. Hall in conjunction with the History               of Science Society, c1989. 2 v.                  Z7405.H6I2 Suppl. 2 <SciRR> 

*ISIS cumulative bibliography 1986-1995: a bibliography of the               history of science formed from the annual ISIS current bibliographies*.               Edited by John Neu. Canton, Mass., Published for the History of               Science Society by Science History Publications, 1997. 4 v.                  Z7405.H6I2 1997 Suppl. 3 <SciRR> 

Meisel, Max. *A bibliography of American natural history: the               pioneer century, 1769- 1865*. New York, Hafner Pub. Co., 1967.               3 v.               Z7408.U5M52 <SciRR>                 Reprint of work first published, 1924-1929. 

National Library of Medicine (U.S.). *Early American medical               imprints: a guide to works printed in the United States, 1668-1820*.               By Robert B. Austin. Washington, U.S. Dept. of Health, Education               and Welfare, Public Health Service, 1961. 240 p.                  Z6661.U5A44 <SciRR> 

*National union catalog of manuscript collections.* 1959/61-1993.               Washington, Library of Congress.                  Z6620.U5N3 <MRR Alc> and Computer Format                 Ceased with index 1991-1993.                  The data from this title is now available online               through RLIN or at the URL: http://archives.chadwyck.com/main/search

Rink, Evald. *Technical Americana: a checklist of technical               publications printed before 1831*. Foreword by Eugene S. Ferguson.               Sponsored by the Eleutherian Mills Historical Library. Millwood,               N.Y., Kraus International Pubs., c1981. 776 p.                  Z7912.R56 <SciRR> 

Romaine, Lawrence B. *A guide to American trade catalogs, 1744-1900.*New York, Dover, 1990. 422 p. 			     Bibliography: p. 397-399.                 Reprint. Originally published in New York, R.               R. Bowker, 1960. 			      Z7164.C8R6 1990 <SciRR Desk>            

Schlebecker, John T. *Bibliography of books and pamphlets on               the history of agriculture in the United States, 1607-1967*.               Santa Barbara, Calif., American Bibliographical Center--Clio, 1969.               183 p.                  Z5057.U5S28 <SciRR>                 "Published under contract with the Smithsonian               Institution." 

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**GOVERNMENT PUBLICATIONS**
 Goode, George B. The beginnings of natural history in America.               *Report of the United States National Museum*, pt. 2, 1897:               357-406.                  Q11.U5 1897, pt. 2 

Griffenhagen, George B. Drug supplies in the American Revolution.               *Bulletin of the United States National Museum*, no. 225,               1961: 110-133.                  Q11.U6, no. 225 

Merrill, George P. Contributions to the history of American geology.               *Report of the United States National Museum*, 1904: 189-733.                                Q11.U5 1904 

Pearson, John C., ed. *The fish and fisheries of colonial North               America: a documentary history of the fishery resources of the United               States and Canada.*Prepared for the National Marine Fisheries               Service. Rockville, Md., The Service.; Springfield, Va., distributed               by the National Technical Information Service, U.S. Dept. of Commerce,               1972. 9 v.                  SH221.P4                  Contents:--Pt. 1. The Canadian Atlantic provinces.--pt.               2. The New England states.--pt. 3. The Middle Atlantic states.--               pt.4. The Chesapeake Bay states.--pt. 5. The South Atlantic states.--pt.               6. The Gulf states and West Indies.--pt. 7. The inland states.--pt.               8. The Great Lake[s] states.--pt. 9. The Pacific Coast.                  "NOAA-72040301." 

United States. Patent Office. *Subject-matter index of patents               for inventions issued by the United States Patent Office from 1790               to 1873, inclusive*. New York, Arno Press, 1976. 3 v. (1951               p.)                  T223.D7A45 1976 <SciRR>                 Reprint of the 1874 ed. published by the Government               Printing Office, Washington. 

Welsh, Peter C. United States patents 1790-1870: new uses for old               ideas. *Bulletin of the United States National Museum*, no.               241, 1966: 109-154.                  Q11.U6, no. 241                  "Contributions from the Museum of History               and Technology, Paper 48." 

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**ABSTRACTING AND INDEXING SERVICES**
 Abstracting and Indexing Services that index relevant journal               articles and other literature on science and technology in 18th-century               America are listed below. Some suggested terms for searching are: 
              "Science--History"              "Technology--History"              "National History--Cultural History-- Science"              "National History--Economic History--Industries"              "Inventions--History"              "Colonial Science"              "Colonial Technology,"
FirstSearch and Eureka, available on workstations in the Science Reading             Room and the Computer Catalog Centers, contain additional files. Consult             a reference librarian for the location of abstracting and indexing             (A&I) services and computer terminals.
*Applied Science & Technology Index*                   (1913 - ) Z7913.I7 <SciRR> and Computer format *America, History and Life* (1963 - ) Z1236.A48, etc. <MRR Alc> and Computer                  format                 *Bibliographic Index*(1937 - )Z1002.B595 <SciRR> *Monthly Catalog of United States Government                   Publications* (1895 - ) Z1223.A18 <SciRR> and Computer format *Poole's Index to Periodical Literature*                   (1802-1906) AI3.P7 <BusRR>*Readers' Guide to Periodical Literature*                   (1907 - ) AI3.R48 <BusRR>*Virginia Historical Index*(1934-1936)                 F221.S93 1965 <LH&G Ref> *Writings on American History* (1902 -                   ) Z1236.L331 <MRR Alc> 
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**JOURNALS**
Journals that often contain relevant articles on science and technology               in 18th-century America include the following: 
*Agricultural History*S1.A16 American Antiquarian Society.*Proceedings*E172.A35 American Philosophical Society.*Proceedings*Q11.P5 American Philosophical Society. *Transactions*Q11.P6 *Bulletin of the History of Medicine*R11.B93                     (Also available on Project Muse) *Isis*Q1.I7 *Osiris*Q1.O7 *Pixel Vision*T385.P528Royal Society of London. *Philosophical Transactions* Q41.L8 *Scientific Monthly*Q127.S817 *Technology and Culture*T1.T27 *William and Mary Quarterly*F221.W71                     (Also available on JSTOR) 
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**REPRESENTATIVE JOURNAL ARTICLES**
Andreasen, N. J. C. Benjamin Franklin: physicus et medicus. *JAMA,               journal of the American Medical Association*, v. 236, July 5,               1976: 57-62.                  R15.A48 

Brasch, Frederick E. John Winthrop (1714-1779), America's first               astronomer and the science of his period. *Publications of the               Astronomical Society of the Pacific*, v. 23, Aug./Oct., 1916:               154-170.                  QB1.A4 

Brasch, Frederick E. The Royal Society of London and its influence               upon scientific thought in the American colonies. *Scientific               monthly*, v. 33, Oct. 1931: 337-355; Nov. 1931: 448-469.                  Q127.S817 

Cohen, I. Bernard. Science and the Revolution: the vital interplay               of engineering and science with Government had its beginning in               war necessities. *Technology review*, v. 47, Apr. 1945: 367-368,               374, 376, 378.                  T171.M47 

Corgan, James X. American geological education in the 18th century.               *Journal of geological education,* v. 35, no. 4, 1987: 184-192.                                QE40.J6 

Ewing, Galen W. Early teaching of science at the College of William               and Mary in Virginia. *Journal of chemical education*, v.               15, Jan. 1938: 3-13.                  QD1.J93 

Favretti, Rudi J. Colonial gardens. Arnoldia, v. 31, July 1971:               145-171.                  QK479.A7 

Hornberger, Theodore. The scientific ideas of John Mitchell. *Huntington               Library quarterly*, v. 10, 1947: 277-296.                  Z733.S24Q 

Kilgour, Frederick G. The rise of scientific activity in colonial               New England. *Yale journal of biology and medicine*, v. 22,               Dec. 1949: 123-138.                  R11.Y25 

Kraus, Michael. American and European medicine in the eighteenth               century. *Bulletin of the history of medicine*, v. 8, May               1940: 679-695.                  R11.B93 

Low, W. A. The farmer in post-Revolutionary Virginia, 1783-1789.               *Agricultural history*, v. 25, July 1951: 122-127.                  S1.A16 

Manks, Dorothy S. How the nursery trade began. *Plants &               gardens*, v. 23, autumn 1967: 4-11.                  SB1.P56 

Miller, Hubert M. Mark Catesby, an eighteenth century naturalist.               *Tyler's quarterly historical and genealogical magazine*,               v. 29, Jan. 1948: 167-180.                  F221.T95 

Mohanty, Gail Fowler. Experimentation in textile technology, 1788-1790,               and its impact on handloom weaving and weavers in Rhode Island.               *Technology and culture*, v. 29, Jan. 1988: 1-31.                  T1.T27 

Simpson, Marcus B. The artist-naturalist John Abbot (1751-ca1840):               contributions to the ornithology of the southeastern United States.               *North Carolina historical review*, v. 41, July 1984: 347-390.                                F251.N892 

Stearns, Raymond S. Colonial fellows of the Royal Society of London,               1661-1788. *Osiris*, v. 8, 1948: 73-121.                  Q1.O7 

Tiggert, William D. A 1759 spotted fever epidemic in North Carolina.               *Journal of the history of medicine and allied sciences*,               v. 42, July 1987: 296-304.                  R131.A1J6 

Walcott, Robert R. Husbandry in colonial New England.*New England               quarterly*, v. 9, June 1936: 218-252.                  F1.N62 

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**SELECTED MATERIALS**
Selected materials available in the Science Reading Room pamphlet               boxes include the following:             
Bell, Whitfield J. The practice of medicine in colonial America.               *Bulletin of the history of medicine*, v. 31, Sept./Oct.               1957: 442-453.             
Blake, John B. Early American medical literature. *JAMA, journal               of the American Medical Association*, v. 236, July 5, 1976:               41-46. 

Bonta, Marcia. Birding in America ... in the18th century: long               before John James Audubon brought the birds of this continent to               the world, Finnish naturalist Pater Kalm wrote of America's avian               treasures. *Living bird*, v. 18, winter 1999: 18-24. 

Cassedy, James H. Meteorology and medicine in colonial America:               beginnings of experimental approach. *Journal of the history               of medicine and allied sciences*, v. 24, Apr. 1969: 193-204.             

Dibner, Bern. *Benjamin Franklin, electrician: in celebration               of the two hundredth year of the nation he helped found.* Norwalk,               Conn., Burndy Library, 1976. 48 p. (Burndy Library. Publication,               no. 30) 

Fleming, Thomas. The Bartrams: they blazed a trail in paradise.               *National wildlife*, v. 16, Oct./Nov. 1978: 24-31. 

Groffman, Sidney. The eyes of liberty: an optometric bicentennial               art portfolio.*Journal of the American Optometric Association,*               v. 47, Aug. 1976: 1017- 1040. 

Kastner, Joseph. Colonial botanist, self-taught, filled European               gardens with his American finds. *Smithsonian*, v. 8, Oct.               1977: 122-129.                  Article on John Bartram. 

Spaulding, Paul P., and Adon A. Gordus. The longest battle in the               war for independence: disease and medicine during the American Revolution.*Daughters of the American Revolution magazine*, v. 107, Feb.               1973: 84-86, 182. 

Stadelman, Bonnie S. Flora and fauna versus mice and mold. *William               and Mary quarterly*, 3d ser., v. 28, Oct. 1971: 595-606.                  Considers the many problems involved in shipping new botanical specimens--especially               live plants--to England and describes some of the ingenious packing               methods that were attempted. 

Stewart, Doug. Mark Catesby: both Audubon and Linnaeus were indebted               to this intrepid British limner of the new world. *Smithsonian*,               v. 28, Sept. 1997: 96- 103. 

Waring, Joseph I. Medicine in Charleston at the time of the revolution.               *JAMA, journal of the American Medical Association*, v. 236,               July 5, 1976: 31-34. 

Williams. William H. Independence and early American hospitals,               1751-1812.*JAMA, journal of the American Medical Association*,               v. 236, July 5, 1976: 35-39. 

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**ADDITIONAL SOURCES OF INFORMATION**
**American Philosophical Society Library**                105 South 5th Street                 Philadelphia, PA 19106                 Telephone: (215) 440-3400                 URL: http://www.amphilsoc.org/library/                                 This Library is a major national center for research in the history                 of science, medicine, and technology. It houses over 250,000 volumes                 and bound periodicals, 7 million manuscripts, 1 million images                 and thousands of hours of audio tapes. Researchers who plan to                 visit the Library are encouraged to call at least a day in advance.                 An impressive list of catalogues, bibliographies, and finding                 aids relating to the holdings of the Library is available on the                 Library's home page. 

**John D. Rockefeller, Jr. Library**                Colonial Williamsburg Foundation                 313 First Street                 P.O. Box 1776                 Williamsburg, VA 23187-1776                 Telephone: (757) 565-8510                 URL:                 http://www.colonialwilliamsburg.com/History/jdrlweb/                 The primary purpose of the Library is to serve the staff of the                 Foundation, but anyone with a serious interest in the study of                 the eighteenth-century Chesapeake is welcome to use the collection.                 The Library's home page provides links of interest to those studying                 science and technology in eighteenth-century America, including                 Jack Lynch's Eighteenth-Century Resources (URL: http://andromeda.rutgers.edu/~jlynch/18th/science.html)               

**History of Medicine Division**                National Library of Medicine                 8600 Rockville Pike                 Bethesda, MD 20894                 Telephone: (301) 496-5405                 URL: http://www.nlm.nih.gov                The National Library of Medicine's resources for historical scholarship                 in medicine and related sciences are among the richest of any                 institution in the world. HISTLINE (History of medicine Online)                 contains citations to secondary literature dealing with the history                 of medicine and related fields published since 1964. HISTLINE                 is updated weekly, with about 6,000 citations added yearly. A                 wider selection of literature was published between 1964 and 1993                 in *NLM's Bibliography of the History of Medicine (Z660.B5822                 <SciRR>).*

**The Newcomen Society of the United States**                412 Newcomen Road                 Exton, PA 19341-1999                 Telephone: (617) 363-6600                 URL: http://www.newcomen.org                A non-profit Membership Corporation for the study and recognition                 of achievement in American business and the society it serves.                 The Thomas Newcomen Library and Museum in Steam Technology and                 Business History has a 2,700-volume research library on the early                 history, technology and biography of steam, 1,000 pamphlets on                 steam development, and 1,000 19th century trade catalogs of steam                 machinery. 

**Early American Industries Association**                c/o Elton Hall, Executive Director                 167 Bakerville Road                 South Dartmouth, MA 02748-4198                 Telephone: (508) 993-4198                 URL: http://www.eaiainfo.org                                 The purpose of the Early American Industries Association, Inc.,                 is to encourage the study and better understanding of early American                 industries in the home, in the shop, on the farm, and on the sea                 as well as to discover, identify, classify, preserve and exhibit                 obsolete tools, implements, and mechanical devices which were                 used in early America. 

**THE INTERNET**

The Internet offers a growing number of sites useful for the                 study of the history of science and technology. Most of the organizations                 listed above provide links to related sites from their web sites.                 It is also possible to find sites using a search engine, such                 as AltaVista, Google, or NorthernLight, to locate additional sites.                 Suggested terms include "Colonial America" "Early                 American Science," "American Inventors," or "Medicine                 in18th-Century America." Specific terms such as "textile                 mills," as well as names, such as "Benjamin Franklin,"                 "Eli Whitney," or "Benjamin Banneker" can                 also be used. The following sites may be of interest. 

Archiving Early America                 URL: http://www.earlyamerica.com                                 This site is devoted almost exclusively to primary source material                 from 18th- Century America. Newspapers, maps, and other materials                 are viewable in their original formats. 

A Day in the Life of Thomas Jefferson                 URL: http://www.monticello.org/jefferson/index.html                                 This site looks at daily life at Monticello during Jefferson's                 time, including the plantation industries. There is a discussion                 of his moldboard plough, 18th-Century nail making, and other related                 material. 

At Home in the Heartland Online                 URL: http://www.museum.state.il.us/exhibits                                 A virtual museum exhibit about family life in Illinois from 1700                 to the present. The section on the 1700's has brief essays on                 Native Americans, French settlers and African slaves, and their                 lives during this time period. The technology used in daily life                 is illustrated. 

The Robert C. Williams Museum of Papermaking                 URL: http://www.ipst.gatech.edu/AMP/                                 This informative site provides a virtual tour of the history of                 paper, with information on early papermaking and mills in the                 American colonies. 

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