# APPENDIX A 1

POINT SOURCE INVENTORY

AND REPORTING

Bureau of Air Quality
Department of Environmental Protection

### [ This page blank intentionally left blank

. ]

## A. Introduction

This document describes the methodology used by the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania to develop
inventories of air pollutants emitted as required by the U. S. Environmental Protection Agency’s
Consolidated Emission Reporting Rule (CERR) (40 CFR Part 51, Subpart A). The 2002 inventory will
also be the base year inventory for State Impl ementation Plan (SIP) revision development for PM 2.5 , 8-
hour ozone and regional haze.

The CERR requires the Commonwealth to report actual emissions for the following pollutants: sulfur
oxides, volatile organic compounds (VOC), nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide, lead and lead compounds,
primary PM 2.5 , primary PM 10 , and ammonia (40 CFR 51.15(a)). The CERR lists primary PM as an
optional pollutant for reporting purposes. The CE RR does not require the submission of hazardous air
pollutant emissions data.

Emissions from point sources are reported for 65 of the Commonwealth’s 67 counties. Point source
emissions from sources located in Allegheny County are reported directly to EPA by the Allegheny
County Health Department. Point source emissions from sources located in Philadelphia Counties are
reported directly by the Philadelphia County H ealth Department, Air Management Services.

The annual emission inventory must be temporally resolved to provide seasonal data for air quality
modeling purposes. Temporal adjustments to the annual inventory are made because of seasonal
differences in the rate of emissions or activity, or to apportion emissions to a particular season or day.
For the 8-hour ozone National Ambient Air Quality Standard (NAAQS) emissions inventory, VOC, NO

x , and CO emissions are reported as actual annual and actual summer weekday. Summer weekday
emissions are defined as an average day’s emissions for a typical summer day during the ozone season.

For the PM 2.5 NAAQS and regional haze rule emission inve ntories, direct emissions (including

condensibles) of PM10 and PM 2.5 , and the precursor VOC, NO

x , SOx, and NH3 are reported as actual

annual data.

For the ozone SIP inventories, rule effectiveness and rule penetration are applied. Rule effectiveness
reflects the ability of a regulatory program to achieve all the emission reductions that could have been
achieved by full compliance with the applicable regulations at all sources at all times. Rule penetration is
an estimate of the extent to which a regulation covers emissions from an area source category for a
specified control area. Rule penetration is applied to the control efficiency for a regulation to account for
less than 100 percent coverage of the emissions for an area source category. Because the inventory was
developed prior to EPA’s issuance of the November, 2005 revision to the rule effectiveness guidance,
Commonwealth followed the previous EPA guidan ce and assumed an 80% rule effectiveness for
applicable sources unless specified to the contrary.



## B. Point Sources

A point source is a stationary, identifiable source of air pollution that usually emits the air pollutants
through a stack or vent. A facility contains one or more point sources and is not limited to industrial
facilities. Examples of an air pollution facility are steel mills, oil refineries, electric generating facilities,
and coal preparation plants. A non-industrial facility may contain a large boiler or other air pollution

source.



### 1The data for the 2002 and 2004 sulfur oxides, vola tile organic compounds (VOC), nitrogen oxides, carbon
monoxide, lead and lead compounds, primary PM 2.5 , primary PM 10 , and ammonia point source emission
inventory is derived from the Pennsylvania Air Information Management System (AIMS). AIMS
sources are identified and inventoried by Pennsylva nia regional air quality offices through permitting
operations and regional and central office field inspecti ons and surveys. The AIMS system is designed to
include all point source emission categories as required by the CERR.

The AIMS database is linked to the Department ’s eFACTS (Environment Facility, Application,
Compliance Tracking System) database. This allows Department-wide sharing of data for all program
areas. In addition, the public is provided better access to the information through the Department’s

Internet website.

The point source inventories for Allegheny and Phila delphia Counties will be prepared by the Allegheny
County Health Department and the Philadelphia Coun ty Health Department, respectively. The two
county agencies will submit their point source emissi on inventories directly to EPA’s National Emission
Inventory as required by the CERR. The county agenci es will also provide their point source data to the
Department in order that effective State Impl ementation Plan preparation may be undertaken.

Paper Submittal of Inventory Data
Annually, facilities complete worksheets for each source that operated and emitted pollutants for the year.
Data required for processes include monthly material throughputs, days and weeks the sources operated,
material processed, maximum throughput per hour, and correct Source Classification Code (SCC)
number. In addition to these process data, combustion unit data must include fuel used, fuel

characteristics such as sulfur content and Btu. For ea ch source, an estimate of total criteria and hazardous
pollutant emissions must be supplied, along with th e estimation method. If emissions are estimated using
anything other than emissions f actors from SCC codes, methodology must be provided. In addition to
emissions estimates for each piece of equipment, site emissions are required. If there is equipment that is
too small for individual reporting, emissions from this equipment will be reflected in the site total.

After the facilities provide these data, DEP reviewers input the data into the AIMS system. At this time,
the system may create an error message if emissions are significantly different from those expected, based
upon emissions factors and throughputs. At this point , the reviewer must determine if the estimate is
accurate and may either override the error message or contact the facility for corrections, which are then
input by the reviewer.



### After all data are entered, reports are generated to show comparis ons between emissions years. If
there are significant differences, reviewers must determine why emissions are different.
Explanations may include changes in producti on or change in material input. Once all
discrepancies have been corrected or explaine d, the data are accepted, and the inventory is
considered complete.

Instructions Available
DEP has developed instructions for companies to complete the annual inventory submission, which
describes the database fields in the AIMS/eFACTS syst em. This document is revised annually to reflect
any new guidance for the applicable reporting year.

Information on the emission inventory reporting system can be found at:
www.dep.state.pa.us/dep/deputate/airwaste/aq/emission/Emission_Inventory.htm . Instructions for the
system are attached.



### 2

## INSTRUCTIONS FOR COMPLETING THE ANNUAL EMISSIONS

REPORTING FORMS

Commonwealth of Pennsylvania
Department of Environmental Protection

Edward G. Rendell, Governor Kathleen McGinty, Secretary

Commonwealth of Pennsylvania Departm ent of Environmental Protection

2700-BK-DEP1936 Rev. 12/20052005 Emi ssi ons Invent o ry Report i ng Inst ruct i ons



## Table of Contents

1. Background

..................................................................................................................... ................................... 1

1.1 Annual Emission Statemen t (AES) Background:

................................................................................... 1

1.2 Electronic Re porting:

.......................................................................................................... ...................... 2

1.2.1 W e b-based Reporting Form s

...................................................................................................... ......... 2

1.2.2 eXtensible M a rkup Language (XM L )

............................................................................................... .. 2

2. Helpful Re sources

.............................................................................................................. ................................ 3

2.1 Check-Lists For Common Errors

.................................................................................................. .......... 3

2.1.1 Facility Info rm ation

........................................................................................................... .................. 3

2.1.2 Sub Facility In form ation

....................................................................................................... ............... 3

2.1.3 Hazardous Air Pollutants (HAPs)

................................................................................................ ........ 3

2.2 AP-42 and FIRE

................................................................................................................. ....................... 4

2.3 Industry-Specific Em ission Factors

............................................................................................. ............ 5

2.4 Standard Industrial Classification and Nort h American Industry Classification System

.................. 5

2.5 Small Business Assistance

.................................................................................................................. 5

3. Instructions For Determining Wh ich Facilities Belong In AIMS/eFACTS For Inventory Purposes

........ 6

3.1 Title V Fa cilitie s

............................................................................................................. ............................ 6

3.2 Non-Title V Facilit ies

......................................................................................................... ........................ 7

3.2.1 Facilities Inventoried for Em i ssion Statem ent Purposes

...................................................................... 7

3.2.2 Facilities Inventoried for Perm it Ca p Com p liance Cer tification

......................................................... 8

3.2.3 Facilities Inventoried for State Im plem entation Planning Purposes

.................................................... 9

4. Commonly Asked Questions Abou t Inventory Reporting

........................................................................... 10

5. Elaboration On Worksheet Co ntents, For A ll Firm-Pl ants

......................................................................... 12

5.1 Throughputs For Each Source

.................................................................................................... ........... 12

5.2 Operating Schedules For Each Source

............................................................................................ ...... 12

5.3 Emission Es timates

............................................................................................................. ..................... 13

5.4 Fuel Analysis

.................................................................................................................. .......................... 13

5.5 Surface Coating (Paint, Glue, Ink) Analysis

.................................................................................... ..... 13

5.6 Control Devices

................................................................................................................ ........................ 13

5.7 Stacks

......................................................................................................................... ............................... 13

5.8 Haz a rdous Air Pollutants

....................................................................................................... ................ 14

5.9 Site Polluta nt Summary

......................................................................................................... ................. 14

6. Confidentiality

................................................................................................................ ................................. 15

7. Certification of Data Accura cy for Emission Statement

.......................................................................... .... 15

8. Extensions Beyond March 1

...................................................................................................... ..................... 15

9. DEP Contact Listings

........................................................................................................... ........................... 16

9.1 Contact Listing, Norristow n - Region I (Southeast)

............................................................................. 16

9.2 Contact Listing, Wilkes-Barre - Region II (Northeast)

........................................................................ 17

DEP Bureau of Air Quality - i - October 20052005 Emi ssi ons Invent o ry Report i ng Inst ruct i ons

9.3 Contact Listing, Harrisburg - Region III (Southcentral)

..................................................................... 18

9.4 Contact Listing, Williamsport - Region IV (Northcentral)

.................................................................. 19

9.5 Contact Listing, Pittsburgh - Region V (Southw e st)

............................................................................ 1 9

9.6 Contact Listing, Meadville - Region VI (Northwest)

............................................................................ 2 0

9.7 Contact Listing, Philadelphi a Air Management Services

.................................................................... 22

9.8 Contact Listing, Allegheny County Health Department

...................................................................... 22

10. Calculation Method Co des For Emissions

......................................................................................... ........... 23

11. Reliability Codes For Emissions

................................................................................................ ..................... 24

12. Abbreviation s/Acronyms

......................................................................................................... ....................... 25

13. Table A: Haz a rdous Air Pollutants (112 [b]) Sorted Alphabetically by Pollutant Name

........................ 26

14. Table B: Haz a rdous Air Pollutants (112 [b]) So rted by Chemical Abstract Service Number

................ 31

15. Table C: Compounds As Listed In 112(b)

........................................................................................ ............ 35

Appendix A WORKSHEET FOR A NEW FACILITY

................................................................................ 36

Appendix B WORKSHEET FOR MISCELLANEOUS SOURCE EMISSIONS

....................................... 38

Appendix C WORKSHEET FOR NEW CO MBUSTION UNITS

............................................................... 39

Appendix D WORKSHEET FOR NEW PROCESSES

................................................................................. 43

Appendix E WORKSHEET FOR NEW INCINERATORS

......................................................................... 48

Appendix F WORKSHEET FOR NEW CO NTROL DEVICES

................................................................. 54

Appendix G WORKSHEET FOR NEW STACKS

........................................................................................ 55

Appendix H WORKSHEET FOR NEW FUEL MATERIAL LOCATIONS

.............................................. 56

Appendix I WORKSHEET FOR CHANGES TO EX ISTING STACKS OR CONTROL DEVICES

... 5 8

Appendix J CERTIFICATION OF DATA ACCURACY

.......................................................................... 60

These instructions were prepared by:

Carrie E. Eastman Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Protection Bureau of Air Quality, Harrisburg

717-783-5974 ceastman@state.pa.us

Note: This booklet contains the instructions for filling out the Annual Emission Statement. These
instructions have been prepared to assist the owner/operators to report their emissions
data. These instructions are not regulations. The Department reserves the right to modify

these instructions as needed. Please save this booklet for future reference. If you have
questions about the Annual Emission Statement, please contact your Regional Air Quality

s t aff.

This booklet is available electronically via the Internet. Access the DEP Web site at
www.depweb.state.pa.us , Keyword: "Emission Inventory."

DEP Bureau of Air Quality Page ii December 20052005 Emi ssi ons Invent o ry Report i ng Inst ruct i ons



## 1. Background

1.1 Annual Emission Statement (AES) Background:

The Annual Emission Statement (AES) requests information to satisfy several regulatory requirements. These requirements include Title V permitting, the Annual Inventory, and Emission Statements, as well as other regulations that are part of the State Implementation Plan (SIP). The Title V regulation is found in the Pennsylvania Code, Title 25, Chapter 127. The Annual Inventory regulation is found in the Pennsylvania Code, Title 25, Chapter 135.1-135.5. The Emission Statem ent regulation is found in Pennsylvania Code, Title 25, Chapter 135.21. The Emission Statement information is due March 1. The Annual Inventory information is due March 1 or within 60 days of the date the facility’s owner/operator is notified by the Department of Environmental Protection (DEP) that the facility is subjec t to Annual Inventory, whichever is later. DEP has

chosen March 1 as the collective deadline to avoi d having to request Emission Statement and Annual Inventory information separately.

When a facility’s owner/operator provides the AES to the appropriate DEP regional office, the information is entered, either automatically or manually depending on the reporting method, into DEP’s computer database. This database is called the Air Information Management Syst em / environment, Facility, Application, Compliance Tracking System (AIMS/eFACTS) . The Regional Air Quality (RAQ) staff review the submission for incorrect or missing data before the data is accepted into AIMS/eFACTS. For a facility that has not been entered in AIMS/eFACTS in previous years, the RAQ staff first creates a map showing the connections between the sub facilities being tracked, the control devices and the stacks. Worksheets for owners/operators of facilities that have never previously reported, or for new sub facilities, are included in these Instructions, and are also available from the DEP website or from RAQ staff. For a facility that has previously been entered, a skeleton consisting of the map and unchanging sub facility information, such as rated capacities, has been copied over from the previous year.

Once the operating schedules, throughputs, and facility emission estimates have been entered, AIMS/eFACTS calculates the emissions using Sub Facility Classification Code (SCC) factors. If the AIMS/eFACTS and facility estimates do not match, the RAQ staff may work with the facility’s owner/operator to determine if corrections are needed. AIMS/eFACTS can contain multiple emission estimates for a specific pollutant from a specific piece of equipment. Acceptable calculation methods include stack tests, Continuous Emission Monitoring (CEM) data, material balance calculat ions, and industry-specific emission factors, to list some examples. CEM data is usually the most reliable and should be used before any other method.

Some uses for AIMS/eFACTS data include Emissi ons Reductions Credits, Open Market Trading, regulation evaluation, the State Implementation Plan and modeling. A variety of standard and custom reports can be run on AIMS/eFACTS by DEP staff. AIMS/eFACTS data is provided to the federal National Emission Inventory (NEI) database and to other state agencies and the public upon request (See Chapter VI. Confidentiality).

Lab samples are also logged into AIMS/eFACTS and linked to the appropriate plant and sub facility. AIMS/eFACTS also contains permit, emission fee, compliance, stack test and Continuous Emission Monitoring (CEM) information.

This booklet is available electronically via Internet. Access the DEP Web Site at http://www.depweb.state.pa.us , Keyword: Emission Inventory."

DEP Bureau of Air Quality

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## 1.2 Electronic Reporting:

Detailed electronic reporting information such as upcoming training (when scheduled) and registration

f o r m s a r e a v a i l a b l e f r o m t h e D E P w e b s i t e a t h t t p : / / w w w

. d e p w e b

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. u s , Keyword: "Emission Inventory."

C o n t a c t C a r r i e E a s t m a n a t 7 1 7

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. u s to request electronic reporting information, including registration forms to request access to the services.



### 1.2.1 Web-based Reporting Forms

The Bureau of Air Quality’s (BAQ’s) web-based reporting application is called AES*Online

. AES*Online allows a facility’s owner/operator to enter data on an Internet web site through an ordinary web

browser. AES*Online users no longer need to fill out paper forms. Facility users log in to a series of secure screens and enter their facility’s inventory data. AES*Online automatically fills in fields where applicable from the previous year’s submission and also checks the data as it is entered to insure accuracy. Additionally,

AES*Online includes the ability to add notes to the data and exchange correspondence with RAQ staff.

AES*Online provides a unique navigation system to allow t he user to move between screen forms with ease.
After the RAQ staff review the submission, entries that need clarification are highlighted by the system so that the facility user can immediately verify the data without having to scroll through unnecessary screens. Data is automatically saved as each screen form is completed to prevent loss of data if the Internet connection is

broken.

AES*Online requires Internet access. If your data m anagement system is maintained in spreadsheets or databases, you may want to explore the entirely automated eX tensible Markup Language (X ML) option

instead of AES*Online

.



### 1.2.2 eXtensible Markup Language (XML)

X M L provides a common language that allows dissimilar computer systems to share data. X M L surrounds each piece of data with tags, similar to the way a web browser displays a page from the Internet. Software, called a parser, uses these tags to interpret the data. Many different software companies offer parsers, for a variety of prices. An X M L parser is bundled into Windows 2003. X M L uses a Document Type Definition (DTD) to establish the data content and tags for a specific file or document. BAQ has developed a DTD that defines the AES data and tags. A company that wishes to submit X M L data to BAQ must request a copy of the DTD and configure their parser to translate the BAQ DTD. Files in X M L format may be transferred on disk or over

the Internet. The X M L standards and sample files are available for download at
http://www.depweb.state.pa.us , Keyword: "Emission Inventory."

Useful links for more information on X M L: http://www.w3.org
http://msdn.Microsoft.com/xml/

DEP Bureau of Air Quality

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## 2. Helpful Resources

2.1 Check-Lists For Common Errors

Some errors have a way of being repetitious. While the BAQ accepts responsibility for unclear instructions and other systemic errors, please complete this checklist before submitting your AES.

Comments and questions about the contents of the AES can be directed to Mike Rudawski at 717-783-

9 2 4 1 o r m r u d a w s k i @ s t a t e

. p a

. u s

.



### 2.1.1 Facility Information

• Is your tax ID (IRS #) valid?

• Are all the contacts on your forms correct?

• Is BAQ’s map of your sub facilities correct?

• Do you have any sub facilities not included in the map?



### 2.1.2 Sub Facility Information

• Are your units of measure correct? (AIMS/eFACTS aut omatically defaults to the units used last year.)

• Does your SCC match BAQ’s?

• Have you submitted throughput data by month for each sub facility?

• Have you included date effective and date end?

• How about days per week, total days, and total hours?

• If you have manually calc ulated your emissions, have y ou explained how y ou did it? (Please provide as many details as possible.)

• Does the Pollutant Summary page include all emissions?

• Does the summary page compare with the other emissions you have entered?



### 2.1.3 Hazardous Air Pollutants (HAPs)

• Have you speciated your HAPs emissions by sub facility?

DEP Bureau of Air Quality

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## 2.2 AP-42 and FIRE

AP-42 is a compilation of air pollutant emission factors containing the same factors used for sub Facility Classification Codes (SCCs). AP-42 uses factors for gener al sub facility categories. AP-42 contains a variety of methods for calculating emissions for any given sub facility type. The Bureau of Air Quality currently uses

version 6.23 from October 2000. The AP-42 series is available in several media. AP-42 is available free

o n l i n e a t w w w

. e p a

. g o v / t t n / c h i e f / a p 4 2 / i n d e x

. h t m l

The Factor Information REtrieval (FIRE) database contains emission estimation factors for criteria and hazardous air pollutants. FIRE factors are very specific for sub facility type. FIRE offers sub facility specific factors, and does not provide multiple calculation methods ranked by preference. More information about

F I R E m a y b e o b t a i n e d a t w w w

. e p a

. g o v / t t n / c h i e f / s o f t w a r e / f i r e / i n d e x

. h t m l

.

Please note: If comparing factors in FIRE against AP-42, the FIRE factors should take precedence because the FIRE version is more recent.

Paper copies of AP-42 may be obtained from the Government Printing Office (GPO) in Washington, DC. Orders must be prepaid (except for other federal agencies or college bookstores). The stock number for the 5th edition of AP-42 (“Compilation of Air Pollutant Emission Factors; Volume I: Stationary Point And Area Sub Facilities”) is S/N 055-000-00500-1. Supplement A is S/N 055-000-00551-6. Supplement B is S/N 055- 000-00565-6. The Government Printing Office can be contacted for current pricing at:

US GPO Superintendent of Documents

P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh, PA 15250-7954

www.gpo.gov phone 866-512-1800

fax 202-512-2250

Mail orders must include a check or money order made out to the “Superintendent of Documents”.

The Air CHIEF compact disc (CD-ROM), with AP-42 and other hazardous air pollutant emission estimation reports and databases, can be purchased from t he Government Printing Office. The item number is

S/N 055-000-00643-1.

For further information on Air CHIEF and other aspects of emission estimation, call U.S. EPA’s Info

CHIEF help line at 919-541-1000 during regular office hours, Eastern Time. The CHIEF web page is www.epa.gov/ttn/chief/ . EPA does not have the staff or the structure to provide engineering support.

If you have factor needs, new data, questions, or suggestions for U.S. EPA, please send them to this

address:

AP-42 Team (MD 14) Emission Factor and Inventory Group Emissions, Monitoring, and Analysis Division Office Of Air Quality Planning And Standards U.S. Environmental Protection Agency

Research Triangle Park, NC 27711

DEP Bureau of Air Quality

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## 2.3 Industry-Specific Emission Factors

Industry groups have also developed emission factors. You may want to contact your group to obtain any factors that exist.



## 2.4 Standard Industrial Classification and North American Industry
Classification System

The U.S. Bureau of Census has replaced its Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) system with the North American Industry Classification System (NAICS). SICs have been converted to the 2002 version of the NAICS codes in AIMS/eFACTS where possible. In some cases, a conversion was not possible. The NAICS is also required by the IRS, and your financial department may have this information for you.

NAICS information is available from a federal websit e. Copies are available for download or purchase.

G o t o h t t p : / / w w w

. c e n s u s

. g o v / e p c d / w w w / n a i c s

. h t m l or the NAICS link on BAQ’s web site at http://www.dep.state.pa.us/dep/deputate/airwaste/aq/emission/Emission_Inventory.htm



## 2.5 Small Business Assistance

The Environmental Management Assistance Program (E MAP) is a program in Pennsylvania designed to help small businesses understand and comply with environmental regulations and identify pollution prevention and energy efficiency opportunities. There are four ways to request assistance from EMAP: Call

r e g u l a t i o n s

. 8 7 7

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- e m a p

, v i s i t t h e w e b s i t e a t w w w

. a s k e m a p

. o r g

, s e n d a n e m a i l t o q u e s t i o n s @ a s k e m a p

. o r g

o r c o n t a c t y o u r l o c a l S m a l l B u s i n e s s D e v e l o p m e n t C e n t e r ( c h e c k w w w

. p a s b d c

. o r g for the center nearest you). Services such as site visits and permit reviews are confidential and provided at no charge. Business names
and addresses will not be released to any regulatory agency.

The DEP Small Business Ombudsman, Jeanne Dworetzky, helps businesses locate sources of funding to install equipment and process changes which result in pollution prevention or energy efficiency. She can
also represent small business interests to DEP. Jeanne Dworetzky can be reached at 717-772-5942 or jdworetsky@state.pa.us.

DEP Bureau of Air Quality

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## 3. Instructions For Determining Which Facilities Belong In AIMS/eFACTS For Inventory Purposes

These guidelines are a synthesis of the inventory requirements of Title V, the Annual Inventory, Emission Statements and other regulations that are part of the State Implementation Plan (SIP). The Title V regulation is found in the Pennsylvania Code, Title 25, Chapter 127. The Annual Inventory regulation is found in the Pennsylvania Code, Title 25, Chapter 135.1-135.5. The Emission Statement regulation is found in Pennsylvania Code, Title 25, Chapter 135.21. The definition of the term “Title V Facility” can be found in the Pennsylvania Code, Title 25, Chapter 121.1. Exempt ions from state operating permits can be found at www.depweb.state.pa.us , Keyword: "Air Permits". Search for document number 275-2101-003 Plan Approval and Operating Permit Exemption List (pdf file in t he eLibrary). For information on permitting, contact the Bureau of Air Quality’s Division of Permits at717-787- 717-787-4325.

Owners/operators of facilities that wish to generate or trade Emission Reduction Credits (ERCs) will need to document emissions. The AES is one way to docum ent emissions. All owners/operators of facilities have the option of submitting the AES for ERC purposes. If the facility’s owner/operator does not submit the AES, the facility’s owner/operator should at least maintain sufficient production records to be able to reconstruct emissions for ERC purposes and for audits.

The emissions from any facility that is not required to submit annual inventory forms are captured in the
area source inventory, which is calculated using dem ographics and emission factors. For information on area source inventory, contact the Bureau of Air Quality’s Division of Air Information at 717-787-9702.

Any emissions that are below the source reporting thresholds for facilities that are subject to
the annual inventory w ill be calculated by BAQ using emission factors. Owners/operators of facilities have the option of submitting emission estimates for emissions below the sub facility thresholds if the facility’s estimate is better than the factor-generated numbers.



## 3.1 Title V Facilities

All owners/operators of Title V facilities must complete the AES. Owners/operators of Title V facilities are subject to the Annual Emission Statement because by definition they exceed the reporting thresholds in the Emission Statement and SIP regulations. Inventory in formation from Title V facilities is used for emission
fee purposes and, in combination with other information, to demonstrate compliance. The RAQ staff determine which sub facilities will appear on the AIMS/eFACTS reporting forms. In some cases, the facility’s owner/operator and RAQ staff may agree to treat multiple pieces of related equipment as one sub facility in the Title V permit. The facility’s owner/operator must provide operating schedules and throughputs for all sub

facilities on the forms. NOx, SOx, VOC, PM10, PM2.5, ammonia (NH 3 ) and CO emissions of 1.0 ton per year or more per sub facility must be reported on a sub facility by sub facility basis. Report to the nearest hundredth (0.00) of a ton.

All HAPs must be reported. HAPs must be reported individually (speciated). Any HAP emissions greater than 0.5 ton per speciated HAP per sub facility per year must be reported on a sub facility by sub facility basis. Report to the nearest hundredth (0.00) of a ton. Sub facility-by-sub facility speciated reporting of
HAPs is required for Maximum Achievable Control Tec hnology (MACT) purposes. In cases where HAPs are
also VOCs or particulates, do not subtract the HAP em ission estimates from the VOC or particulate emission estimates. The subtraction will be dealt with by BAQ’s AIMS/eFACTS database.

DEP Bureau of Air Quality

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Based upon the Federal Clean Air Act, Section 112 (C) (6), certain pollutants are of special concern.
For these HAPs of special concern, owners/operator s of facilities should report any emissions above the following thresholds: Polychlorobiphenols (PCB) 0.01 tons/yr per sub facility Mercury (Hg) 0.01 tons/yr per sub facility Lead (Pb) 0.01 tons/yr per sub facility Polycyclic Organic Matter (POM) 0.01 tons/yr per sub facility

Dioxins 0.00001 tons/yr or 0.02 pounds/yr per sub facility

Furans 0.00001 tons/yr or 0.02 pounds/yr per sub facility

As all HAPs must be reported and as some sub facilities are considered insignificant and not included on the reporting forms, use the “Other Sub Facility” block on the reporting forms to reconcile the facility totals with individual sub facility estimates.



## 3.2 Non-Title V Facilities

Owners/operators of Non-Title V facilities may be required to complete the AES for several reasons: the Emission Statement regulation, permit cap compliance certification and State Implementation Plan (SIP) purposes. DEP may also request inventory information fr om any facility, per the Pennsylvania Code, Title 25, Chapter 135. The Emission Statement, permit caps and SIP are discussed in paragraphs 1-3 below.



### 3.2.1 Facilities Inventoried for Emission Statement Purposes

The Emission Statement regulation is found in Penns ylvania Code, Title 25, Chapter 135.21. Owners or operators of facilities that are located in Bucks, C hester, Delaware, or Montgomery Counties that emits or have a potential to emit 25 tons or more per year of VOC or 25 tons or more per year of 

### NO

x are required owner/operator to report. Owners or operators of facilities located in the remainder of the Commonwealth that emits or has a potential to emit 50 tons or more per year of VOC or 100 tons or more per year of 

### NO

x mus t complete the AES. Facilities that emit less than 25 tons per y ear of either oxides of nitrogen or VOC and
that are on the exemption list in Section 3.2.1.1 of this document do not have to complete the AES.

Ow ners or operators of facilities located in Allegheny or Philadelphia Counties should contact the county agency listed in Sections 9.7 and 9.8 for reporting instructions.

Owners/operators of Non-Title V facilities subject to the Emission Statement regulation must report throughputs and operating schedules for all sub facilities in AIMS/eFACTS. In addition, these owners/operators of facilities must report VOC and NOx actual emissions of 1.0 TPY or more per sub facility. Emissions less than 1.0 ton per year do not have to be reported. Report to the nearest hundredth (0.00) of a ton. All emissions must be reported sub facility by sub facility, not as facility totals. The emission estimates for other pollutants will be calculated by Air Quality’s AIMS/eFACTS database using emission factors. The facility’s owner/operator has the option of reporting emission estimates for other pollutants if the facility’s owner/operator’s estimates are better than the factor-based calculations. These facilities may also be required to report HAPs. Please refer to Section 3.1 of this document.

DEP Bureau of Air Quality

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### 3.2.1.1. Emission St atement Exemptions

The following list of exemptions was published in the Pennsylvania Bulletin Volume 23, Number 17, pages 1994-95 on April 24, 1993:

• Non-Industrial Surface Coating:

3⁄4 Architectural

3⁄4 Automotive Refinishing

• Other Solvent Use

3⁄4 Electronics and Electrical Degreasing

3⁄4 Other Manufacturing Degreasing

3⁄4 Automotive Repair Cold Cleaning Degreasing

3⁄4 Manufacturing Cold Cleaning Degreasing

3⁄4 Dry cleaning

3⁄4 Graphic Arts

• Surface Coatings

3⁄4 Flatwood Products

3⁄4 Furniture & Fixtures

3⁄4 Electrical Insulation

3⁄4 Metal Cans

3⁄4 Miscellaneous Finished Products

3⁄4 Machinery & Equipment

3⁄4 Appliances

3⁄4 New Motor Vehicles

3⁄4 Marine

3⁄4 Miscellaneous Manufacturing

3⁄4 Maintenance

3⁄4 Other Special Coatings

• Waste Management Practices

3⁄4 Publicly-Owned Treatment Works

3⁄4 Landfills

3⁄4 Treatment Storage Disposal Facilities

• Small Stationary Fossil Fuels*

3⁄4 Fuel Oil Combustion

3⁄4 Coal Combustion

3⁄4 Gas Combustion

• Miscellaneous Sub Facilities

3⁄4 On-Site Incineration (does not include open burning)

3⁄4 Leaking Underground Storage Tanks

*The sizes of sm all stationary fossil fuel sources are defined by Chapter 127.14, Perm it Exem ptions.



### 3.2.2 Facilities Inventoried for Permit Cap Compliance Certification

Some owners/operators of facilities have taken permit restrictions in order to avoid major status and a federally enforceable permit. Also, a facility may have a sub facility cap for other reasons. The method of demonstrating cap compliance is addressed in the permit. The AES may be used to demonstrate cap
compliance.

DEP Bureau of Air Quality

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### 3.2.3 Facilities Inventoried for St ate Implementation Planning Purposes

Owners/operators of synthetic minor facilities are subject to the inventory and must complete the AIMS/eFACTS reporting forms if actual VOC emissions are greater than or equal to 10 TPY for the facility. This VOC threshold was established to meet EPA’s ozone planning requirements. The facility’s owner/operator must report annually. Owners/operators of synthetic minor facilities subject to the inventory must report throughputs and operating schedules for all sub facilities on the AIMS/eFACTS reporting forms. In addition, these owners/operators of facilities must report VOC actual emissions as a facility total. Report to the nearest hundredth of a ton. The emission estimates for other pollutants will be calculated by Air Quality’s AIMS/eFACTS database using emission factors. The facility’s owner/operator has the option of reportingemission estimates for other pollutants if the facility’s owner/operator’s estimates are better than the factorbased calculations.

DEP Bureau of Air Quality

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## 4. Commonly Asked Questions About Inventory Reporting

Nitrogen oxide (NO) is listed on the Title V pollutant list. Fees are paid for nitrogen dioxide (NO2).
Nitrogen oxides (NOx) are reported for inventory but are actually NO2. Should the Title V NO be
reported as NO, as NO2, or as NOx?

Report NO

x as NO 2

.

If a facility ’ s ow ner/operator has completed some emission estimates incorrectly before receiving
these instructions, does the facility ’ s ow ner/operator need to go back and fix them? If so, w hen?

Yes. Incorrectly com p leted facility em ission estim a tes should be corrected as soon as possible by notifying the RAQ staff.

Which sub facilities must be tracked and reported for inventory ?

Owners/operators of facilities are responsible for reporting on any sub facilities identified by RAQ staff. If a sub facility does not appear on the preprinted form s or web site, the sub facility is not autom atically

exem pted from reporting. For the purposes of Title V fees, owners/operators of facilities m u st provide em ission estim a tes and pay fees on all sub facilities covered by the regulations, whether or not the sub facilities appear on the AES. Any owners/operators of facilities that are applying for synthetic m i nor status m u st docum ent all

param eters that they agree to cap in their application. These caps are in place from the tim e the synthetic

m i nor application was subm itted. Therefore, any facility’ s owner/operator that has applied for a synthetic m i nor

perm i t and has agreed to cap production m u st docum ent com p liance with the caps. The AES is one m e thod of

docum enting com p liance. Please contact your RAQ staff for m o re inform ation on docum enting com p liance. Blank reporting form s for sub facilities not currently in AIMS/eFACTS are included in this Instruction

booklet, and m a y also be downloaded from the DEP web site or obtained from RAQ staff.

If a sub facility is missing from the AES, did the facility ’ s ow ner/operator have to report any HAPs,
including fugitives, emitted from the missing sub facilities?

If applicable requirem ents (such as BAT) exist for the sub facility, the sub facility m u st be added to AIMS/eFACTS so that sub facility-specific HAPS can be reported. If applicable requirem ents do not exist, the facility’ s owner/operator m u st report all HAPS but can report the HAPs as speciated facility totals.

Please clarify the current and future policies on aggregating small, similar sub facilities.

Any aggregation of sm all sim ilar sub facilities will have to be done via the perm i t. Please contact your RAQ staff to discuss aggregating sub facilities.

DEP Bureau of Air Quality

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If a facility w as in the 2002 baseline inventory w i th significant emissions, but has now changed
processes so that the facility is not subject to the AES under the current guidance, w hat should the
facility ’ s ow ner/operator do?

The facility’ s owner/operator will not have to report the AES. The facility will not be deleted from the

AIMS/eFACTS database because DEP needs to m a intain all em ission inform ation from previous years in case the facility generates Em ission Reduction Credits (ERCs). Also, deletion would cause the facility to disappear

from the baseline inventory. The facility will be left in the AIMS/eFACTS database and m a rked as not subject

to the AES.
EPA has adopted new National Am bient Air Quality Standards for ozone and fine particulates. The

EPA im plem entation rules for these pollutants establish 2002 as the new baseline inventory year. Facility owners/operators should review their 2002 inventory to determ i ne whether they should report. Please contact RAQ staff if you need to be added to the 2002 inventory.

What version of the Source Classification Codes (SCCs) should be used?

Use version 6.23 from October 2000. Inform ation can be found at www.epa.gov/ttnchie1/software/fire/index.htm l

.

Will DEP request inventory information for previous operating y ears from companies that have been
operating since 1990 but have not reported previously ?

Yes, these com panies will need to be added to the 1990 baseline inventory and other periodic inventories. The RAQ staff will notify the com panies of the inform ation needed.

DEP Bureau of Air Quality

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## 5. Elaboration On Worksheet Contents, For All Firm-Plants

5.1 Throughputs For Each Source

Throughputs must be tracked and reported in monthly increments for each sub facility. If an operating schedule changes during a month, y ou must provide a throughput for each operating schedule in

effect that month . Monthly throughputs are required to accommodate various data reports generated from AIMS/eFACTS, such as quarterly reporting with a December start date, or quarterly percentages.

Note: If there is not enough space provided on the preprinted forms to submit all operating schedules and throughputs and/or new SCCs, use the form WORKSHEET FOR ADDITIONAL OPERATING
SCHEDULES FOR EXISTING SUB FACILITY/SCCs, OR ADDITIONAL SUB FACILITY/SCCs FOR EX ISTING

SUB FACILITIES.



## 5.2 Operating Schedules For Each Source

DEP recognizes that owners/operators of facilities may change operating schedules during the year. Owners/operators of primary facilities must provide at least one operating schedule for each sub facility. Owners/operators of primary facilities may provide multiple operating schedules per sub facility if an operating schedule changes significantly during the year. Exam ples of significant changes could be a piece of equipment shut down for more than two weeks or a change from 1 shift to 2 or 3 (and vice versa). Consult with RAQ staff for guidance. Keep in mind that worst-case production numbers will yield worst-case emissions numbers when emissions are calculated in AIMS/eFACTS using SCCs.

For each sub facility operating schedule, the facility’s owner/operator must provide:

1. Start date of the operating schedule,

2. End date of the operating schedule.



### Additionally, for each operating schedule 2 of the following 3 must be provided:

1. Total hours the sub facility operated during that particular operating schedule,

2. Total days the sub facility operated during that particular operating schedule, and

3. Average days per week the sub facility operated during that particular operating schedule.

If you are trying to report a shutdown period for a sub facility, you end the current operating schedule when the shutdown occurs and start a new operating schedul e when the shutdown is over. For example, if your plant were shut down from Ju ly 1 to July 15, you would have:

Operating schedule 1: Date effective = January 1

Date end = June 30 Operating schedule 2: Date effective = July 16

Date end = December 31

Note: If there is not enough space provided on the preprinted form s to subm it all operating schedules and throughputs and/or new SCCs, contact your DEP regional office.

DEP Bureau of Air Quality

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## 5.3 Emission Estimates

Owners/operators of facilities must provide an estimate of the tons of NOx, VOC, PM10, PM2.5, SO X , NH 3 and CO emitted per year for each sub facility within the plant. See Section 5.8 of this document for HAP reporting.

Owners/operators of facilities must also indicate the method used to calculate the emissions. Calculation Method Codes are listed in the back of the instructions. Continuous Emission Monitoring (CEM)

data is the most reliable for emission estimates and should be used when available.



## 5.4 Fuel Analysis

Percent sulfur, percent ash and Btu content must be reported for all fuels. Report zeros where appropriate. Check with the DEP contact for your county or your RAQ staff to determine the analytical results that must be reported.



## 5.5 Surface Coating (Paint, Glue, Ink) Analysis

Percent water, coating density, and total volatile content must be reported for all water- and solventbased coatings used. If possible, include a list of all coatings and their associated analyses with your submission. Some DEP regions provide VOC worksheets to aid reporting. Contact your RAQ staff for the preferred reporting format.



## 5.6 Control Devices

The owners/operators of new facilities and previously unreported sub facilities must report control efficiencies for every pollutant controlled by a control device. These pollutants may include VOCS, NO X , SO X , CO, PM 10, PM2.5 and NH 3 . If the primary control system does not capture 100 percent of the sub facility emissions, both a fugitive emission point and a regular stack should be reported. Capture and control are

not the same. A device may control 90 percent of the captured VOCs but capture only 80 percent of the VOCs generated by the sub facility.

If your facility’s owner/operator is planning to add, m odify, or remove control devices, your RAQ staff should be notified prior to the change.



## 5.7 Stacks

The owners/operators of new facilities and previously unreported sub facilities must report stack inside diameter, height, exhaust flow in ACFM, exhaust velocity in meters or feet per second, exhaust temperature, exhaust percent moisture and the direction of stack discharge. Stack information is requested on all forms except the WORKSHEET FOR A NEW FIRM-PLANT and the WORKSHEET FOR NEW FUEL MATERIAL

LOCATIONS.

Note: If your facility’s owner/operator is planning to add, modify, or remove stacks, your DEP inspector should be notified prior to the change and the form WORKSHEET FOR NEW STACKS or the WORKSHEET

FOR CHANGES TO EX ISTING CONTROL DEVICES OR STACKS FOR EX ISTING SUB FACILITYS should

be submitted.

DEP Bureau of Air Quality

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## 5.8 Hazardous Air Pollutants

Hazardous Air Pollutant (HAP) estimates are required for certain plants. Please refer to Chapter III. Guidance For Determining Which Facilities Belong in AIMS/eFACTS For Inventory Purposes for more information. All HAPs that must be reported are listed in Chapters X II to X V I. A calculation method is required with the HAP estimates. Refer to Chapter X I., Calculation Method Codes For Emissions. Additional information can be found in the Pennsylvania Code, Chapter 121.1 under "Title V regulated air pollutants". You must use the reporting form provided in the Appendix or with your preprinted input forms.

There are de m i nim u s levels for HAP reporting. If the total HAP emissions from a facility are less than one (1) ton per year per HAP, the facility’s owner/operator is not required to report Haps. However, if the facility has over one (1) ton per year of any HAP that Hap needs to be reported for each sub facility that emits that specific HAP. For example, a facility has 1.5 t ons per year of benzene emissions from three sub facilities and 0.75 tons per year of toluene emissions. The three sub facilities emit 1 ton, 950 pounds and 50 pounds of toluene respectively. The facility’s owner/operator must report the three sources of benzene

All HAPs must be reported. HAPs must be reported individually (speciated). Any HAP emissions greater than 0.5 ton per speciated HAP per sub facility per year must be reported on a sub facility by sub facility basis. Report to the nearest hundredth of a ton. Sub facility by sub facility speciated reporting of HAPs is required for Maximum Achievable Control Technology (MACT) purposes.

In some cases HAPs are also VOCs or particulates, such as trichloroethylene. Do not subtract the
HAP emission estimates from the VOC or particulate em ission estimates. The subtraction will be dealt with by Air Quality’s AIMS/eFACTS database.

Based upon the Federal Clean Air Act, Section 112 (C) (6), certain pollutants are of special concern.

For these HAPs of special concern, owners/operat ors of facilities should report any emissions above the following thresholds: Polychlorobiphenols (PCB) 0.01 TPY per sub facility Mercury (Hg) 0.01 TPY per sub facility Lead (Pb) 0.01 TPY per sub facility Polycyclic Organic Matter (POM) 0.01 TPY per sub facility

Dioxins 0.00001 TPY per sub facility

Furans 0.00001 TPY per sub facility

As all HAPs must be reported and as some sub facilities are considered insignificant and not included on the reporting forms, use the “Other Sub Facility” block on the reporting forms to reconcile the facility totals with individual sub facility estimates.



## 5.9 Site Pollutant Summary

The form summarizes the annual emissions of NO X , SO X , VOC, PM10, PM 2.5, NH 3 and CO for the facility. You must use the reporting form provided in the Appendix or with your preprinted input forms.

DEP Bureau of Air Quality

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## 6. Confidentiality

Confidential status must be requested in a letter to the DEP regional office annually

. The letter must specify the sub facilities and information that are affected, and the reasons for needing confidentiality. Confidentiality is discussed in Section 13.2 of the Pennsylvania Air Pollution Control Act. Only throughputs and operating schedules can be treated as confidential in AIMS/eFACTS. Confidential throughputs and operating schedules are not provided in basic reports requested by the public and agencies other than EPA. Confidential throughputs and operating schedules are not provided to EPA.



## 7. Certification of Data Accuracy for Emission Statement

This form must be completed annually by the owners/operators of facilities that are subject to the Emission Statement regulation. You must use the form provided in the Appendix or with your preprinted input forms. If you are using the form in the Appendix, make sure to fill in your Primary Facility ID (assigned by DEP) in the space at the top of the form.



## 8. Extensions Beyond March 1

As per 25 Pa. Code Section 135.3(c) a facility’s owner/operator may request an extension of time from the Department for the filing of the annual emission inv entory, and the Department may grant the extension for reasonable cause. Extension requests should be made in writing to the RAQ contact listed in these Instructions. Include the reason for the request and the expected date by which the inventory report will be

submitted.

DEP Bureau of Air Quality

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## 9. DEP Contact Listings

Please return the completed forms to the appropriate RAQ representative from the follow i ng contact listing. If y ou have questions about the forms, please call y our RAQ representative.



## 9.1 Contact Listing, Norristown - Region I (Southeast)

Contact County

James Rebarchak Southeast Regional Office

2 East Main Street
Norristown, PA 19401 (484) 250-7503 Montgomery County

Kevin McLemore Southeast Regional Office

2 East Main Street
Norristown, PA 19401 (484) 250-7502250-5900 Chester County Delaware County

Kevin McLemore Southeast Regional Office

2 East Main Street
Norristown, PA 19401 (484) 250-7502 Chester County Delaware County

Shawn Mountain Southeast Regional Office

2 East Main Street
Norristown, PA 19401 (484) 250-7504 Bucks County

DEP Bureau of Air Quality

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## 9.2 Contact Listing, Wilkes-Barre - Region II (Northeast)

Contact County

Roger Bellas Northeast Regional Office Two Public Square
Wilkes-Barre, PA 18711-0790 (570) 826-2464 Lackawanna County Luzerne County Pike County Monroe County (except:

Schuylkill County Susquehanna County Wayne County Wyoming County Stroudsburg East Stroudsburg

Stroud

Ross Hamilton Township)

Peter DiSabella Northeast Regional Office Two Public Square
Wilkes-Barre, PA 18711-0790 (610) 826-2345 Lehigh County Northampton County Monroe County (partial): Stroudsburg East Stroudsburg Hamilton Township

Ross

Stroud

DEP Bureau of Air Quality

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## 9.3 Contact Listing, Harrisburg - Region III (Southcentral)

Contact County

Frederick Heagy Southcentral Regional Office

909 Elmerton Ave. Harrisburg, PA 17110 (717) 705-4886 Cumberland County Dauphin County Lebanon County Perry County

Susan Foster

York District Office
150 Roosevelt Avenue, Suite 200
York, PA 17401-3381 (717) 771-4481 Adams County Franklin County York County

Dave Bonga

Lancaster District Office 1661 Old Philadelphia Pike
Lancaster, PA 17602 (717) 390-2360 Berks County Lancaster County

Richard Roller

Altoona District 3001 Fairway Drive
Altoona, PA 16602 (814) 946-7294 Bedford County Blair County Fulton County Juniata County Huntington County Mifflin County

DEP Bureau of Air Quality

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## 9.4 Contact Listing, Williamsport - Region IV (Northcentral)

Contact County

Muhammad Zaman Northcentral Regional Office

208 West Third Street

Suite 101 Williamsport, PA 17701 (570) 327-0512 Bradford County Cameron County Centre County Clearfield County Clinton County Columbia County Lycoming County Montour County Northumberland County Potter County Snyder County Sullivan County Tioga County Union County



## 9.5 Contact Listing, Pittsburgh - Region V (Southwest)

Contact County

Keith Gratzmiller Pittsburgh Regional Office

400 Waterfront Drive Pittsburgh, PA 15222-4745 (412) 442-4000 Armstrong County Beaver County Greene County Washington County

Dan Haney Greensburg District Office
RR2, Box 603-C, Route 819S Greensburg, PA 15601-9802 (724) 925-5415 Cambria County Fayette County Indiana County Somerset County Westmoreland County

DEP Bureau of Air Quality

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## 9.6 Contact Listing, M eadville - Region VI (Northwest)

Contact County Tow nship/Borough

Staci Gustafson Northwest Regional Office

230 Chestnut Street

Meadville, PA 16335-3481 (814) 332-6940 Crawford County Erie County Mercer County (partial): Deer Creek Township
Delaware Township
Fairview Township
Fredonia Borough French Creek Township
Greene Township Greenville Borough
Hempfield Township
Jamestown Borough
Lake Township Mill Creek Township
New Lebanon Borough
New Vernon Township Otter Creek Township
Perry Township
Pymatuning Township Salem Township Sandy Creek Township Sandy Lake Borough Sandy Lake Township Sheakleyville Borough Stoneboro Borough Sugar Grove Township
West Salem Township

Venango County (partial): Canal Township Cooperstown Borough
French Creek Township
Jackson Township Oakland Township
Plum Township Sugarcreek Borough
Utica Borough

DEP Bureau of Air Quality

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## 9.6 Contact Listing, Meadville - Region VI (Northwest) (continued)

Contact County Tow nship/Borough

Lori McNabb

121 North Mill Street
New Castle, PA 16101 Butler County Lawrence County Mercer County (partial): Clark Boro Coolspring Township

East Lackawannock
Township

Farrell
Findley Township Grove City Borough
Hermitage
Hickory Township

Jackson Center
Jackson Township Jefferson Township
Lackawannock Township
Liberty Township

Merc er Pine Township

Sharon Sharpsville Borough Shenango Township South Pymatuning
Township Springfield Township
West Middlesex Borough
Wheatland Borough
Wilmington Township Wolf Creek Township Worth Township

Venango County (partial): Barkeyville Borough Clinton Township Clintonville Borough Emlenton Borough Franklin Borough Irwin Township Mineral Township

Polk Sandycreek Township Scrubgrass Township Victory Township

DEP Bureau of Air Quality

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## 9.6 Contact Listing, Meadville - Region VI (Northwest) (continued)

Contact County Tow nship/Borough

David Bubbenmoyer Northwest Regional

Office
230 Chestnut Street,
Meadville, PA 16335 (814) 723-3273 Clarion County Elk County Forest County Jefferson County McKean County Warren County Venango County (partial): Allegheny Township Cherrytree Township Cornplanter Township Cranberry Township Oil City Oil Creek Township Pinegrove Township Pleasantville Borough President Township Richland Township Rockland Township Rouseville Borough



## 9.7 Contact Listing, Philadelphia Air M a nagement Services

Contact

Assistant Director of Engineering Department of Public Health Air Management Services 321 University Avenue Philadelphia, PA 19104 (215) 875-5678



## 9.8 Contact Listing, Allegheny County Health Department

Contact

Allegheny County Health Department

Bureau of Air Pollution Control

301 39th Street Pittsburgh, PA 15201 (412) 578-8133

DEP Bureau of Air Quality

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## 10. Calculation Method Codes For Emissions

These codes are assigned by the facility’s owner/operator and describe the method used to calculate the emission estimates. Codes 4, 5, 6, 7 and 8 are assigned within AIMS/eFACTS and should not be assigned by the facility’s owner/operator.

CODE AIMS DESCRIPTION

1 DEP Stack Test

2 Company Stack Test Approved by DEP

3 Other Company Test Approved by DEP

9 S e e C o m m e n t

10 Company SCC Factor

11 Company Material Balance

12 Company Efficiency of Control Device

13 Company VOC Calculation

14 Continuous Emission Monitoring

1 5 A P

- 4 2

16 Company-Calculated Site Emission

DEP Bureau of Air Quality

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## 11. Reliability Codes For Emissions

Reliability codes are assigned by the RAQ staff or AIMS/eFACTS. The codes are provided in the instructions for informational purposes only . The following list is arranged in order of most reliable method of calculation to least reliable. Codes A, B, C, D, E and U are assigned by AIMS/eFACTS and describe the reliability of the SCC used.

C O D E DESCRIPTION

CEM

BST

ST

DVC

CVC

MMB

ME

RE

EMB

COM

A

B

C

D

E

SITE

U

NA Continuous Emission Monitoring

Best Stack Test

Stack Test

DEP VOC Calculation

Company VOC Calculation

Measured Material Balance

Measured Efficiency

Rated Efficiency

Estimated Material Balance

See Comment

A Rated Factor

B Rated Factor

C Rated Factor

D Rated Factor

E Rated Factor

Site-Level Manual Emission

U Unrated Factor

N/A For Plant Total

DEP Bureau of Air Quality

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## 12. Abbreviations/Acronyms

Abbreviation/Acrony m Definition

ACFM Actual cubic feet per minute

A C T A c t u a l

AIMS Air Information Management System (BAQ’s database module of eFACTS)

AIRS Aerometric Information Retrieval System (EPA’s database)

BAQ Bureau of Air Quality

BTU British thermal units

CAS Chemical abstract service

C D Control d e v i c e

C O Carbon m o n o x i d e

C U Combustion u n i t

DEP Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Protection

eFACTS environment, Facility, Application, Compliance Tracking System

EHS Extremely Hazardous Substance

EPA United States Environmental Protection Agency

FML Fuel material location

FUEL MAT LOC Fuel material location

H g M e r c u r y

I N I n c i n e r a t o r

I N C I n c i n e r a t o r

MACT Maximum Achievable Control Technology

M B T U Thousand B t u

M M B T U Million B t u

NAICS North American Industrial Classification System

N O x Nitrogen o x i d e s

P b L e a d

P C B P o l y c h l o r o b i p h e n o l s

P 0 0 0 General p a r t i c u l a t e

PM10 Particulate matter less than 10 microns in diameter

PM2.5 Particulate matter less than 2.5 microns in diameter

POM Polycyclic Organic Matter

P R P r o c e s s

PTE

RAQ Potential to Emit Regional Air Quality

SCC Sub Facility Classification Code

SCFM Standard cubic feet per minute

SIC Standard Industrial Classification

S O x Sulfur o x i d e s

TPY Tons per Year

VOC Volatile organic compounds

DEP Bureau of Air Quality

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## 13. Table A: Hazardous Air Pollutants (112 [b]) Sorted
Alphabetically by Pollutant Name

CAS POLLUTANT ( A l

phabet i c al By Pol l u t ant N

a me)

7 5 0 7 0 A c e t a l d e h y d e

6 0 3 5 5 A c e t a m i d e

7 5 0 5 8 A c e t o n i t r i l e

9 8 8 6 2 A c e t o p h e n o n e

5 3 9 6 3 2

- A c e t y l a m i n o f l u o r e n e

1 0 7 0 2 8 A c r o l e i n

7 9 0 6 1 A c r y l a m i d e

7 9 1 0 7 A c r y l i c a c i d

1 0 7 1 3 1 A c r y l o n i t r i l e

1 0 7 0 5 1 A l l y l c h l o r i d e

9 2 6 7 1 4

- A m i n o b i p h e n y l

6 2 5 3 3 A n i l i n e

9 0 0 4 0 o

- A n i s i d i n e

1 3 3 2 2 1 4 A s b e s t o s

71432 Benzene (including Benzene from gasoline)

9 2 8 7 5 B e n z i d i n e

9 8 0 7 7 B e n z o t r i c h l o r i d e

1 0 0 4 4 7 B e n z y l c h l o r i d e

9 2 5 2 4 B i p h e n y l

1 1 7 8 1 7 B i s ( 2

- e t h y l h e x y l ) p h t h a l a t e ( D E H P )

5 4 2 8 8 1 B i s ( c h l o r o m e t h y l ) e t h e r

7 5 2 5 2 B r o m o f o r m

1 0 6 9 9 0 1

, 3

- B u t a d i e n e

1 5 6 6 2 7 C a l c i u m c y a n a m i d e

1 3 3 0 6 2 C a p t a n

6 3 2 5 2 C a r b a r y l

7 5 1 5 0 C a r b o n d i s u l f i d e

5 6 2 3 5 C a r b o n t e t r a c h l o r i d e

4 6 3 5 8 1 C a r b o n y l s u l f i d e

1 2 0 8 0 9 C a t e c h o l

1 3 3 9 0 4 C h l o r a m b e n

5 7 7 4 9 C h l o r d a n e

7 7 8 2 5 0 5 C h l o r i n e

DEP Bureau of Air Quality

- 26 - D e c e m b e r 2 0 0 52005 Emi ssi ons Invent o ry Report i ng Inst ruct i ons

CAS POLLUTANT ( A l

phabet i c al By Pol l u t ant N

a me)

7 9 1 1 8 C h l o r o a c e t i c a c i d

5 3 2 2 7 4 2

- C h l o r o a c e t o p h e n o n e

1 0 8 9 0 7 C h l o r o b e n z e n e

5 1 0 1 5 6 C h l o r o b e n z i l a t e

6 7 6 6 3 C h l o r o f o r m

107302 Chloromethyl methyl ether

1 2 6 9 9 8 C h l o r o p r e n e ( 2

- c h l o r o

- 1

, 3

- b u t a d i e n e )

1319773 Cresols/Cresylic acid (isomers and mixture)

9 5 4 8 7 o

- C r e s o l

1 0 8 3 9 4 m

- C r e s o l

1 0 6 4 4 5 p

- C r e s o l

9 8 8 2 8 C u m e n e ( I s o p r o p y l b e n z e n e )

94757 2,4-D, salts,esters (Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid)

7 2 5 5 9 D D E ( p

, p

- D i c h l o r o d i p h e n y l d i c h l o r o e t h y l e n e )

3 3 4 8 8 3 D i a z o m e t h a n e

1 3 2 6 4 9 D i b e n z o f u r a n s

9 6 1 2 8 1

, 2

- D i b r o m o

- 3

- c h l o r o p r o p a n e

8 4 7 4 2 D i b u t y l p h t h a l a t e

1 0 6 4 6 7 1

, 4

- D i c h l o r o b e n z e n e

9 1 9 4 1 3

, 3

- D i c h l o r o b e n z i d i n e

111444 Dichloroethyl ether (B is(2 chloroethyl)ether)

5 4 2 7 5 6 1

, 3

- D i c h l o r o p r o p e n e ( m i x t u r e )

6 2 7 3 7 D i c h l o r v o s

1 1 1 4 2 2 D i e t h a n o l a m i n e

1 2 1 6 9 7 N

, N

- D i m e t h y l a n i l i n e

6 4 6 7 5 D i e t h y l s u l f a t e

1 1 9 9 0 4 3

, 3

- D i m e t h o x y b e n z i d i n e

6 0 1 1 7 D i m e t h y l a m i n o a z o b e n z e n e

1 1 9 9 3 7 3

, 3

- D i m e t h y l b e n z i d i n e

79447 Dimethyl carbamoyl chloride

6 8 1 2 2 D i m e t h y l f o r m a m i d e

5 7 1 4 7 1

, 1

- D i m e t h y l h y d r a z i n e

1 3 1 1 1 3 D i m e t h y l p h t h a l a t e

7 7 7 8 1 D i m e t h y l s u l f a t e

534521 4,6-Dinitro-o-cresol, and salts

5 1 2 8 5 2

, 4

- D i n i t r o p h e n o l

1 2 1 1 4 2 2

, 4

- D i n i t r o t o l u e n e

DEP Bureau of Air Quality

- 27 - D e c e m b e r 2 0 0 52005 Emi ssi ons Invent o ry Report i ng Inst ruct i ons

CAS POLLUTANT ( A l

phabet i c al By Pol l u t ant N

a me)

1 2 3 9 1 1 1

, 4

- D i o x a n e ( 1

, 4

- D i e t h y l e n e o x i d e )

1 2 2 6 6 7 1

, 2

- D i p h e n y l h y d r a z i n e

1 0 6 8 9 8 E p i c h l o r o h y d r i n ( 1

- c h l o r o

- 2

, 3

- e p o x y p r o p a n e )

106887 1,2-Epoxybutane (1,2-Butylene oxide)

1 4 0 8 8 5 E t h y l a c r y l a t e

1 0 0 4 1 4 E t h y l b e n z e n e

51796 Ethyl carbamate (Urethane)

75003 Ethyl chloride (Chloroethane)

106934 Ethylene dibromide (1,2-Dibromoethane)

107062 Ethylene dichloride (1,2-Dichloroethane)

1 0 7 2 1 1 E t h y l e n e g l y c o l

151564 Ethylene imine (Aziridine)

7 5 2 1 8 E t h y l e n e o x i d e

9 6 4 5 7 E t h y l e n e t h i o u r e a

75343 Ethylidene dichloride (1,1-Dichloroethane)

5 0 0 0 0 F o r m a l d e h y d e

7 6 4 4 8 H e p t a c h l o r

1 1 8 7 4 1 H e x a c h l o r o b e n z e n e

8 7 6 8 3 H e x a c h l o r o b u t a d i e n e

7 7 4 7 4 H e x a c h l o r o c y c l o p e n t a d i e n e

6 7 7 2 1 H e x a c h l o r o e t h a n e

8 2 2 0 6 0 H e x a m e t h y l e n e 1

, 6

- d i i s o c y a n a t e

6 8 0 3 1 9 H e x a m e t h y l p h o s p h o r a m i d e

1 1 0 5 4 3 H e x a n e

3 0 2 0 1 2 H y d r a z i n e

7 6 4 7 0 1 0 H y d r o c h l o r i c a c i d

7664393 Hydrogen fluoride (Hydrofluoric acid)

1 2 3 3 1 9 H y d r o q u i n o n e

7 8 5 9 1 I s o p h o r o n e

58899 Lindane (gamma hexachlorocyclohexane) (all isomers)

1 0 8 3 1 6 M a l e i c a n h y d r i d e

6 7 5 6 1 M e t h a n o l

7 2 4 3 5 M e t h o x y c h l o r

74839 Methyl bromide (Bromomethane)

74873 Methyl chloride (Chloromethane)

71556 Methyl chloroform (1,1,1-Trichloroethane)

78933 Methyl ethyl ketone (2-Butanone)

DEP Bureau of Air Quality

- 28 - D e c e m b e r 2 0 0 52005 Emi ssi ons Invent o ry Report i ng Inst ruct i ons

CAS POLLUTANT ( A l

phabet i c al By Pol l u t ant N

a me)

6 0 3 4 4 M e t h y l h y d r a z i n e

74884 Methyl iodide (Iodomethane)

108101 Methyl isobutyl ketone (4-methyl-2-pentanone) (Hexone)

6 2 4 8 3 9 M e t h y l i s o c y a n a t e

8 0 6 2 6 M e t h y l m e t h a c r y l a t e

1634044 Methyl tert butyl ether

1 0 1 1 4 4 4

, 4

- M e t h y l e n e

- b i s ( 2

- c h l o r o a n i l i n e )

75092 Methylene chloride (Dichloromethane)

101688 Methylene diphenyl diisocyanate (MDI)

1 0 1 7 7 9 4

, 4

- M e t h y l e n e d i a n i l i n e

9 1 2 0 3 N a p h t h a l e n e

9 8 9 5 3 N i t r o b e n z e n e

9 2 9 3 3 4

- N i t r o b i p h e n y l

1 0 0 0 2 7 4

- N i t r o p h e n o l

7 9 4 6 9 2

- N i t r o p r o p a n e

6 8 4 9 3 5 N

- N i t r o s o

- N

- m e t h y l u r e a

6 2 7 5 9 N

- N i t r o s o d i m e t h y l a m i n e

5 9 8 9 2 N

- N i t r o s o m o r p h o l i n e

5 6 3 8 2 P a r a t h i o n

8 2 6 8 8 P e n t a c h l o r o n i t r o b e n z e n e ( Q u i n t o b e n z e n e )

8 7 8 6 5 P e n t a c h l o r o p h e n o l

1 0 8 9 5 2 P h e n o l

1 0 6 5 0 3 p

- P h e n y l e n e d i a m i n e

7 5 4 4 5 P h o s g e n e

7 8 0 3 5 1 2 P h o s p h i n e

7 7 2 3 1 4 0 P h o s p h o r u s

8 5 4 4 9 P h t h a l i c a n h y d r i d e

1 3 3 6 3 6 3 P o l y c h l o r i n a t e d biphenyls (PCB's) (Aroclors)

1 1 2 0 7 1 4 1

, 3

- P r o p a n e s u l t o n e

5 7 5 7 8 b e t a P r o p i o l a c t o n e

1 2 3 3 8 6 P r o p i o n a l d e h y d e

1 1 4 2 6 1 P r o p o x u r ( B a y g o n )

78875 Propylene dichloride (1,2-Dichloropropane)

7 5 5 6 9 P r o p y l e n e o x i d e

75558 1,2-Propylenimine (2-Methyl aziridine)

9 1 2 2 5 Q u i n o l i n e

1 0 6 5 1 4 Q u i n o n e ( 1

, 4

- b e n z o q u i n o n e )

DEP Bureau of Air Quality

- 29 - D e c e m b e r 2 0 0 52005 Emi ssi ons Invent o ry Report i ng Inst ruct i ons

CAS POLLUTANT ( A l

phabet i c al By Pol l u t ant N

a me)

1 0 0 4 2 5 S t y r e n e

9 6 0 9 3 S t y r e n e o x i d e

1746016 2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo p dioxin

7 9 3 4 5 1

, 1

, 2

, 2

- T e t r a c h l o r o e t h a n e

1 2 7 1 8 4 T e t r a c h l o r o e t h y l e n e ( P e r c h l o r o e t h y l e n e )

7 5 5 0 4 5 0 T i t a n i u m t e t r a c h l o r i d e

1 0 8 8 8 3 T o l u e n e

9 5 8 0 7 2

, 4

- T o l u e n e d i a m i n e

5 8 4 8 4 9 2

, 4

- T o l u e n e d i i s o c y a n a t e

9 5 5 3 4 o

- T o l u i d i n e

8001352 Toxaphene (chlorinated camphene)

1 2 0 8 2 1 1

, 2

, 4

- T r i c h l o r o b e n z e n e

7 9 0 0 5 1

, 1

, 2

- T r i c h l o r o e t h a n e

7 9 0 1 6 T r i c h l o r o e t h y l e n e

9 5 9 5 4 2

, 4

, 5

- T r i c h l o r o p h e n o l

8 8 0 6 2 2

, 4

, 6

- T r i c h l o r o p h e n o l

1 2 1 4 4 8 T r i e t h y l a m i n e

1 5 8 2 0 9 8 T r i f l u r a l i n

5 4 0 8 4 1 2

, 2

, 4

- T r i m e t h y l p e n t a n e

1 0 8 0 5 4 V i n y l a c e t a t e

593602 Vinyl bromide (bromoethene)

7 5 0 1 4 V i n y l c h l o r i d e

75354 Vinylidene chloride (1,1-Dichloroethylene)

1330207 Xylenes (isomers and mixture)

9 5 4 7 6 o

- X y l e n e s

1 0 8 3 8 3 m

- X y l e n e s

1 0 6 4 2 3 p

- X y l e n e s

DEP Bureau of Air Quality

- 30 - D e c e m b e r 2 0 0 52005 Emi ssi ons Invent o ry Report i ng Inst ruct i ons



## 14. Table B: Hazardous Air Pollutants (112 [b]) Sorted by

Chemical Abstract Service Number

CAS POLLUTANT (by Chem ical Abstract Service Num ber)

5 0 0 0 0 F o r m a l d e h y d e

5 1 2 8 5 2

, 4

- D i n i t r o p h e n o l

51796 Ethyl carbamate (Urethane)

5 3 9 6 3 2

- A c e t y l a m i n o f l u o r e n e

5 6 2 3 5 C a r b o n t e t r a c h l o r i d e

5 6 3 8 2 P a r a t h i o n

5 7 1 4 7 1

, 1

- D i m e t h y l h y d r a z i n e

5 7 5 7 8 b e t a P r o p i o l a c t o n e

5 7 7 4 9 C h l o r d a n e

58899 Lindane (gamma hexachlorocyclohexane) (all isomers)

5 9 8 9 2 N

- N i t r o s o m o r p h o l i n e

6 0 1 1 7 D i m e t h y l a m i n o a z o b e n z e n e

6 0 3 4 4 M e t h y l h y d r a z i n e

6 0 3 5 5 A c e t a m i d e

6 2 5 3 3 A n i l i n e

6 2 7 3 7 D i c h l o r v o s

6 2 7 5 9 N

- N i t r o s o d i m e t h y l a m i n e

6 3 2 5 2 C a r b a r y l

6 4 6 7 5 D i e t h y l s u l f a t e

6 7 5 6 1 M e t h a n o l

6 7 6 6 3 C h l o r o f o r m

6 7 7 2 1 H e x a c h l o r o e t h a n e

6 8 1 2 2 D i m e t h y l f o r m a m i d e

71432 Benzene (including Benzene from gasoline)

71556 Methyl chloroform (1,1,1-Trichloroethane)

7 2 4 3 5 M e t h o x y c h l o r

7 2 5 5 9 D D E ( p

, p

- D i c h l o r o d i p h e n y l d i c h l o r o e t h y l e n e )

74839 Methyl bromide (Bromomethane)

74873 Methyl chloride (Chloromethane)

74884 Methyl iodide (Iodomethane)

75003 Ethyl chloride (Chloroethane)

7 5 0 1 4 V i n y l c h l o r i d e

7 5 0 5 8 A c e t o n i t r i l e

7 5 0 7 0 A c e t a l d e h y d e

75092 Methylene chloride (Dichloromethane)

7 5 1 5 0 C a r b o n d i s u l f i d e

7 5 2 1 8 E t h y l e n e o x i d e

7 5 2 5 2 B r o m o f o r m

75343 Ethylidene dichloride (1,1-Dichloroethane)

75354 Vinylidene chloride (1,1-Dichloroethylene)

7 5 4 4 5 P h o s g e n e

75558 1,2-Propylenimine (2-Methyl aziridine)

7 5 5 6 9 P r o p y l e n e o x i d e

7 6 4 4 8 H e p t a c h l o r

DEP Bureau of Air Quality

- 31 - D e c e m b e r 2 0 0 52005 Emi ssi ons Invent o ry Report i ng Inst ruct i ons

CAS POLLUTANT (by Chem ical Abstract Service Num ber)

7 7 4 7 4 H e x a c h l o r o c y c l o p e n t a d i e n e

7 7 7 8 1 D i m e t h y l s u l f a t e

7 8 5 9 1 I s o p h o r o n e

78875 Propylene dichloride (1,2-Dichloropropane)

78933 Methyl ethyl ketone (2-Butanone)

7 9 0 0 5 1

, 1

, 2

- T r i c h l o r o e t h a n e

7 9 0 1 6 T r i c h l o r o e t h y l e n e

7 9 0 6 1 A c r y l a m i d e

7 9 1 0 7 A c r y l i c a c i d

7 9 1 1 8 C h l o r o a c e t i c a c i d

7 9 3 4 5 1

, 1

, 2

, 2

- T e t r a c h l o r o e t h a n e

79447 Dimethyl carbamoyl chloride

7 9 4 6 9 2

- N i t r o p r o p a n e

8 0 6 2 6 M e t h y l m e t h a c r y l a t e

8 2 6 8 8 P e n t a c h l o r o n i t r o b e n z e n e ( Q u i n t o b e n z e n e )

8 4 7 4 2 D i b u t y l p h t h a l a t e

8 5 4 4 9 P h t h a l i c a n h y d r i d e

8 7 6 8 3 H e x a c h l o r o b u t a d i e n e

8 7 8 6 5 P e n t a c h l o r o p h e n o l

8 8 0 6 2 2

, 4

, 6

- T r i c h l o r o p h e n o l

9 0 0 4 0 o

- A n i s i d i n e

9 1 2 0 3 N a p h t h a l e n e

9 1 2 2 5 Q u i n o l i n e

9 1 9 4 1 3

, 3

- D i c h l o r o b e n z i d i n e

9 2 5 2 4 B i p h e n y l

9 2 6 7 1 4

- A m i n o b i p h e n y l

9 2 8 7 5 B e n z i d i n e

9 2 9 3 3 4

- N i t r o b i p h e n y l

94757 2,4-D, salts,esters (Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid)

9 5 4 7 6 o

- X y l e n e s

9 5 4 8 7 o

- C r e s o l

9 5 5 3 4 o

- T o l u i d i n e

9 5 8 0 7 2

, 4

- T o l u e n e d i a m i n e

9 5 9 5 4 2

, 4

, 5

- T r i c h l o r o p h e n o l

9 6 0 9 3 S t y r e n e o x i d e

9 6 1 2 8 1

, 2

- D i b r o m o

- 3

- c h l o r o p r o p a n e

9 6 4 5 7 E t h y l e n e t h i o u r e a

9 8 0 7 7 B e n z o t r i c h l o r i d e

9 8 8 2 8 C u m e n e ( I s o p r o p y l b e n z e n e )

9 8 8 6 2 A c e t o p h e n o n e

9 8 9 5 3 N i t r o b e n z e n e

1 0 0 0 2 7 4

- N i t r o p h e n o l

1 0 0 4 1 4 E t h y l b e n z e n e

1 0 0 4 2 5 S t y r e n e

1 0 0 4 4 7 B e n z y l c h l o r i d e

1 0 1 1 4 4 4

, 4

- M e t h y l e n e

- b i s ( 2

- c h l o r o a n i l i n e )

101688 Methylene diphenyl diisocyanate (MDI)

1 0 1 7 7 9 4

, 4

- M e t h y l e n e d i a n i l i n e

1 0 6 4 2 3 p

- X y l e n e s

1 0 6 4 4 5 p

- C r e s o l

DEP Bureau of Air Quality

- 32 - D e c e m b e r 2 0 0 52005 Emi ssi ons Invent o ry Report i ng Inst ruct i ons

CAS POLLUTANT (by Chem ical Abstract Service Num ber)

1

, 4

- D i c h l o r o b e n z e n e

1 0 6 5 0 3

1 0 6 5 1 4

106887 1 0 6 4 6 7

p

- P h e n y l e n e d i a m i n e

Q u i n o n e ( 1

, 4

- b e n z o q u i n o n e )

1,2-Epoxybutane (1,2-Butylene oxide)

1 0 6 8 9 8 E p i c h l o r o h y d r i n ( 1

- c h l o r o

- 2

, 3

- e p o x y p r o p a n e )

106934 Ethylene dibromide (1,2-Dibromoethane)

1 0 6 9 9 0 1

, 3

- B u t a d i e n e

1 0 7 0 2 8 A c r o l e i n

A l l y l c h l o r i d e

107062

1 0 7 1 3 1

1 0 7 2 1 1 E t h y l e n e g l y c o l
Chloromethyl methyl ether

1 0 8 0 5 4

108101

1 0 8 3 1 6

1 0 8 3 8 3

1 0 8 3 9 4

1 0 8 8 8 3

1 0 8 9 0 7

1 0 8 9 5 2

1 1 0 5 4 3

1 1 1 4 2 2

111444 Dichloroethyl ether (B is(2 chloroethyl)ether)

1 1 4 2 6 1 P r o p o x u r ( B a y g o n )

B i s ( 2

- e t h y l h e x y l ) p h t h a l a t e ( D E H P )

H e x a c h l o r o b e n z e n e 1 0 7 0 5 1
Ethylene dichloride (1,2-Dichloroethane)

A c r y l o n i t r i l e

107302

V i n y l a c e t a t e Methyl isobutyl ketone (4-methyl-2-pentanone) (Hexone)

M a l e i c a n h y d r i d e

m

- X y l e n e s

m

- C r e s o l

T o l u e n e

C h l o r o b e n z e n e

P h e n o l

H e x a n e

D i e t h a n o l a m i n e

1 1 7 8 1 7

1 1 8 7 4 1

1 1 9 9 0 4 3

, 3

- D i m e t h o x y b e n z i d i n e

1 1 9 9 3 7

1 2 0 8 0 9

1 2 0 8 2 1

1 2 1 1 4 2 2

, 4

- D i n i t r o t o l u e n e

1 2 1 4 4 8 T r i e t h y l a m i n e

N

, N

- D i m e t h y l a n i l i n e

1 2 3 3 1 9

1 2 3 3 8 6 P r o p i o n a l d e h y d e 3

, 3

- D i m e t h y l b e n z i d i n e

C a t e c h o l

1

, 2

, 4

- T r i c h l o r o b e n z e n e

1 2 1 6 9 7

1 2 2 6 6 7 1

, 2

- D i p h e n y l h y d r a z i n e

H y d r o q u i n o n e

1 2 3 9 1 1 1

, 4

- D i o x a n e ( 1

, 4

- D i e t h y l e n e o x i d e )

1 2 6 9 9 8 C h l o r o p r e n e ( 2

- c h l o r o

- 1

, 3

- b u t a d i e n e )

1 2 7 1 8 4 T e t r a c h l o r o e t h y l e n e ( P e r c h l o r o e t h y l e n e )

1 3 1 1 1 3 D i m e t h y l p h t h a l a t e

1 3 2 6 4 9 D i b e n z o f u r a n s

1 3 3 0 6 2 C a p t a n

1 3 3 9 0 4 C h l o r a m b e n

1 4 0 8 8 5 E t h y l a c r y l a t e

151564 Ethylene imine (Aziridine)

1 5 6 6 2 7 C a l c i u m c y a n a m i d e

H y d r a z i n e

3 3 4 8 8 3 D i a z o m e t h a n e

4 6 3 5 8 1 C a r b o n y l s u l f i d e 3 0 2 0 1 2

DEP Bureau of Air Quality

- 33 - D e c e m b e r 2 0 0 52005 Emi ssi ons Invent o ry Report i ng Inst ruct i ons

CAS POLLUTANT (by Chem ical Abstract Service Num ber)

5 1 0 1 5 6 C h l o r o b e n z i l a t e

5 3 2 2 7 4 2

- C h l o r o a c e t o p h e n o n e

534521 4,6-Dinitro-o-cresol, and salts

5 4 0 8 4 1 2

, 2

, 4

- T r i m e t h y l p e n t a n e

5 4 2 7 5 6 1

, 3

- D i c h l o r o p r o p e n e ( m i x t u r e )

5 4 2 8 8 1 B i s ( c h l o r o m e t h y l ) e t h e r

5 8 4 8 4 9 2

, 4

- T o l u e n e d i i s o c y a n a t e

593602 Vinyl bromide (bromoethene)

6 2 4 8 3 9 M e t h y l i s o c y a n a t e

6 8 0 3 1 9 H e x a m e t h y l p h o s p h o r a m i d e

6 8 4 9 3 5 N

- N i t r o s o

- N

- m e t h y l u r e a

8 2 2 0 6 0 H e x a m e t h y l e n e 1

, 6

- d i i s o c y a n a t e

1 1 2 0 7 1 4 1

, 3

- P r o p a n e s u l t o n e

1319773 Cresols/Cresylic acid (isomers and mixture)

1330207 Xylenes (isomers and mixture)

1 3 3 2 2 1 4 A s b e s t o s

1 3 3 6 3 6 3 P o l y c h l o r i n a t e d biphenyls (PCB's) (Aroclors)

1 5 8 2 0 9 8 T r i f l u r a l i n

1634044 Methyl tert butyl ether

1746016 2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo p dioxin

7 5 5 0 4 5 0 T i t a n i u m t e t r a c h l o r i d e

7 6 4 7 0 1 0 H y d r o c h l o r i c a c i d

7664393 Hydrogen fluoride (Hydrofluoric acid)

7 7 2 3 1 4 0 P h o s p h o r u s

7 7 8 2 5 0 5 C h l o r i n e

7 8 0 3 5 1 2 P h o s p h i n e

8001352 Toxaphene (chlorinated camphene)

DEP Bureau of Air Quality

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## 15. Table C: Compounds As Listed In 112(b)

Compound Name

Antimony Compounds

Arsenic Compounds (inorganic including arsine)

Beryllium Compounds

Cadmium Compounds

Chromium Compounds

Cobalt Compounds

Coke Oven Emissions

Cyanide Compounds 1

Fine mineral fibers 3

Glycol ethers 2

Lead Compounds

Manganese Compounds

Mercury Compounds

Nickel Compounds

Polycyclic Organic Matter 4

Radionuclides (including radon) 5

Selenium Compounds

Note: Unless otherwise specified, “Glycol ethers” and all listings above that contain the word “compounds” are defined as including any unique chemical s ubstance that contains the named chemical (i.e., antimony, arsenic, etc.) as part of that chemical’s infrastructure.

1 X ’ CN where X = H’ or any other group where a formal dissociation may occur. For example, KCN or Ca(CN) 2

.

2 Includes mono- and di-ethers of ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, and triethylene glycol R(OCH2CH2)

n -OR’ where

n = 1, 2, or 3
R = alkyl or aryl groups R’ = R, H, or groups which, when removed, yield glycol ethers with the structure: R(OCH2CH2)

n -OH. Polymers are excluded from the glycol category.

3 Includes mineral fibers emissions from facilities manufacturing or processing glass, rock, or slag fibers (or other mineral derived fibers) of average diameter 1 micrometer or less.

4 Includes organic compounds with more than one benzene ring, and which have a boiling
point greater than or equal to 100 o C.

5 A type of atom that spontaneously undergoes radioactive decay.

DEP Bureau of Air Quality

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## Appendix A WORKSHEET FOR A NEW FACILITY

D a t e * : F o r Y e a r * : T a x I D / P l a n t C o d e * :

F a c i l i t y N a m e * : P r i m a r y F a c i l i t y I D * :

R e g i o n * : C o u n t y * : M u n i c i p a l i t y * :

S I C * : N A I C S :

Contact Ty pe Nam e Address Telephone

Firm*

Location

Corporate

Fee

Inspection

Permit

Responsible

Offic i al

DEP Bureau of Air Quality

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## Appendix A WORKSHEET FOR A NEW FACILITY (cont’d)

Location Information

L a t i t u d e * : UTM E l e v a t i o n : N o r t h :

L o n g i t u d e * : C o o r d i n a t e s Z o n e : E a s t :

Fuel Use Summary *

Type Total Use Type Total Use

Pollutant Summary *

(Sum of Individual and Miscellaneous Sub Facilities) Emission Estimates (0.00 Tons/Year)

A m m o n i a P M 1 0

C O P M 2

. 5

L e a d SO X

NO X V O C

*Indi cat es a requi red fi el d

DEP Bureau of Air Quality

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## Appendix B WORKSHEET FOR MISCELLANEOUS SOURCE

EMISSIONS

Date*: ____________________ For Year*: _______________ Tax ID/Plant Code*: _________________

Facility Name*: _________________________________________ Primary Facility ID*: _________________

Other Miscellaneous Sub Facility Emi ssions (Criteria/HAPs/Non-Criteria)

Sub Facility (optional name) Pollutant CAS Amount (0.00) Calc Method

Note : Most criteria pollutants and HAPs need to be reported if greater than 0.5 TPY. The following pollutants need to be reported if greater than the amount listed:

Polychlorobiphenyls (PCBs) 0.01 TPY
Mercury (Hg) 0.01 TPY

Lead (Pb) 0.01 TPY Polycyclic Organic Matter (POM) 0.01 TPY

Dioxins 0.02 Lbs/Yr

Furans 0.02 Lbs/Yr

*Indi cat es a requi red fi el d

DEP Bureau of Air Quality

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## Appendix C WORKSHEET FOR NEW COMBUSTION UNITS

Date: ____________________ For Year: _______________ Tax ID/Plant Code: _________________

Facility Name: _________________________________________ Primary Facility ID: _______________

Unit Name:

Descript i on:

Manufacturer: Model: Date Ins t alled:

DEP Permit No.: Connected to FML(s)?:



### Actual Emission Estimates (Tons/Yr) fo r Emission Fees and Emission Statements

Pollutant CAS Emission Amt (0.00 TPY) Calculation Method

C O

L e a d

NH 3

N O X

P M 1 0

P M 2

. 5

S O X

V O C

Additional Pollutants (enter HAPs individually):

NOTE: Most Criteria pollutants and HAPS need to be reported if greater than 0.5 TPY. The following pollutants need to be reported if greater t han the amounts listed:

Polychlorobiphenols (PCB) 0.01 TPY
Mercury (Hg) 0.01 TPY

Lead (Pb) 0.01 TPY Polycyclic Organic Matter (POM) 0.01 TPY

Dioxins (submit Lbs/Yr only) 0.02 Lbs/Yr

Furans (submit Lbs/Yr only) 0.02 Lbs/Yr

DEP Bureau of Air Quality

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## Appendix C WORKSHEET FOR NEW COMBUSTION UNITS (cont’d)

First Fuel Burned:

________________ Maximum Throughput/Hr:

_________________________ SCC, if known:

________________ _____________________________________________________ FML? (y/n) ___ % Sulfur: _________ % Ash: __________ BTU/lb-gal-ft 3 : ____________

SCHEDULE 1

Date Effective: Monthly Throughput in (Units):

Date End: JAN: ___________ FEB: ___________ MAR: __________

Total Days: APR: ___________ MAY: __________ JUN: __________

Total Hours: JUL: ___________ AUG: ___________ SEP: ___________

Days per Week: OCT: ___________ NOV: ___________ DEC: ___________

SCHEDULE 2

Date Effective: Monthly Throughput in (Units):

Date End: JAN: ___________ FEB: ___________ MAR: __________

Total Days: APR: ___________ MAY: __________ JUN: __________

Total Hours: JUL: ___________ AUG: ___________ SEP: ___________

Days per Week: OCT: ___________ NOV: ___________ DEC: ___________

2 nd Fuel Burned:

________________ Maximum Throughput/Hr:

_________________________

SCC, if known:

________________ _____________________________________________________ FML? (y/n) ___ % Sulfur: _________ % Ash: __________ BTU/lb-gal-ft 3 : ____________

SCHEDULE 1

Date Effective: Monthly Throughput in (Units):

Date End: JAN: ___________ FEB: ___________ MAR: __________

Total Days: APR: ___________ MAY: __________ JUN: __________

Total Hours: JUL: ___________ AUG: ___________ SEP: ___________

Days per Week: OCT: ___________ NOV: ___________ DEC: ___________

SCHEDULE 2

Date Effective: Monthly Throughput in (Units):

Date End: JAN: ___________ FEB: ___________ MAR: __________

Total Days: APR: ___________ MAY: __________ JUN: __________

Total Hours: JUL: ___________ AUG: ___________ SEP: ___________

Days per Week: OCT: ___________ NOV: ___________ DEC: ___________

DEP Bureau of Air Quality

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## Appendix C WORKSHEET FOR NEW COMBUSTION UNITS (cont’d)

First Control Device

Type (Baghouse, ESP, etc.): Manufacturer: Model: Date Ins t alled:

Pressure Drop (in/water): Scrubber Flow Rate (gal/min): DEP ID number? Is Material Collected/ Land

filled on Site?

Pollutant Control Efficiencies

Pollutant Efficiency % Sub Facility (mfr rating, calculated, other)



### Second Control Device

Type (Bughouse, ESP, etc.): Manufacturer: Model: Date Ins t alled:

Pressure Drop (in/water): Scrubber Flow Rate (gal/min): DEP ID number? Is Material Collected Land

filled on Site?

Pollutant Control Efficiencies

Pollutant Efficiency % Sub Facility (mfr rating, calculated, other)

DEP Bureau of Air Quality

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## Appendix C WORKSHEET FOR NEW COMBUSTION UNITS (cont’d)

First Stack

Inside Diameter: Height:

Flow Volume ACFM: Veloc i ty (m/s ec ): Distance to Nearest Property Line:

Temperature °F: Mois ture %: DEP ID Number?

Stack Discharge Type: ________

S = Vertical Unobstructed Opening

W = Vertical Weather Cap or Similar Obstruction

X = Horizontal or Nearly Horizontal

Y = Downward or Nearly Downward

Z = Fugitive Emissions



### Second Stack

Inside Diameter: Height:

Flow Volume ACFM: Veloc i ty (m/s ec ): Distance to Nearest Property Line:

Temperature °F: Mois ture %: DEP ID Number?

Stack Discharge Type: ________

S = Vertical Unobstructed Opening

W = Vertical Weather Cap or Similar Obstruction

X = Horizontal or Nearly Horizontal

Y = Downward or Nearly Downward

Z = Fugitive Emissions

DEP Bureau of Air Quality

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## Appendix D WORKSHEET FOR NEW PROCESSES

Date: ____________________ For Year: _______________ Tax ID/Plant Code: _________________

Facility Name: _________________________________________ Primary Facility ID: _______________

Process Name:

Descript i on:

Manufacturer: Model: Date Ins t alled:

DEP Permit No.: Connected to FML(s)?:

Actual Emission Estimates (Tons/Yr) fo r Emission Fees and Emission Statements

Pollutant CAS Emission Amt (0.00 TPY) Calculation Method

C O

L e a d

NH 3

N O X

P M 1 0

P M 2

. 5

S O X

V O C

Additional Pollutants (enter HAPs individually):

NOTE: Most Criteria pollutants and HAPS need to be reported if greater than 0.5 TPY. The following pollutants need to be reported if greater t han the amounts listed:

Polychlorobiphenols (PCB) 0.01 TPY
Mercury (Hg) 0.01 TPY

Lead (Pb) 0.01 TPY Polycyclic Organic Matter (POM) 0.01 TPY

Dioxins (Submit Lbs/Yr only) 0.02 Lbs/Yr

Furans (Submit Lbs/Yr only) 0.02 Lbs/Yr

DEP Bureau of Air Quality

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## Appendix D WORKSHEET FOR NEW PROCESSES (cont’d)

First Material Processed or Produced:

_____________________________________________________ SCC, if known:

________________ Maximum Throughput/Hr:

_________________________

SCHEDULE 1

Date Effective: Monthly Throughput in (Units):

Date End: JAN: ___________ FEB: ___________ MAR: __________

Total Days: APR: ___________ MAY: __________ JUN: __________

Total Hours: JUL: ___________ AUG: ___________ SEP: ___________

Days per Week: OCT: ___________ NOV: ___________ DEC: ___________

SCHEDULE 2

Date Effective: Monthly Throughput in (Units):

Date End: JAN: ___________ FEB: ___________ MAR: __________

Total Days: APR: ___________ MAY: __________ JUN: __________

Total Hours: JUL: ___________ AUG: ___________ SEP: ___________

Days per Week: OCT: ___________ NOV: ___________ DEC: ___________

2nd Material Processed or Produced:

_____________________________________________________ SCC, if known:

________________ Maximum Throughput/Hr:

_________________________

SCHEDULE 1

Date Effective: Monthly Throughput in (Units):

Date End: JAN: ___________ FEB: ___________ MAR: __________

Total Days: APR: ___________ MAY: __________ JUN: __________

Total Hours: JUL: ___________ AUG: ___________ SEP: ___________

Days per Week: OCT: ___________ NOV: ___________ DEC: ___________

SCHEDULE 2

Date Effective: Monthly Throughput in (Units):

Date End: JAN: ___________ FEB: ___________ MAR: __________

Total Days: APR: ___________ MAY: __________ JUN: __________

Total Hours: JUL: ___________ AUG: ___________ SEP: ___________

Days per Week: OCT: ___________ NOV: ___________ DEC: ___________

DEP Bureau of Air Quality

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## Appendix D WORKSHEET FOR NEW PROCESSES (cont’d)

First Fuel Burned:

________________ Maximum Throughput/Hr:

_________________________ SCC, if known:

________________ _____________________________________________________ FML? (y/n) ___ % Sulfur: _________ % Ash: __________ BTU/lb-gal-ft 3 : ____________

SCHEDULE 1

Date Effective: Monthly Throughput in (Units):

Date End: JAN: ___________ FEB: ___________ MAR: __________

Total Days: APR: ___________ MAY: __________ JUN: __________

Total Hours: JUL: ___________ AUG: ___________ SEP: ___________

Days per Week: OCT: ___________ NOV: ___________ DEC: ___________

SCHEDULE 2

Date Effective: Monthly Throughput in (Units):

Date End: JAN: ___________ FEB: ___________ MAR: __________

Total Days: APR: ___________ MAY: __________ JUN: __________

Total Hours: JUL: ___________ AUG: ___________ SEP: ___________

Days per Week: OCT: ___________ NOV: ___________ DEC: ___________

2 nd Fuel Burned:

________________ Maximum Throughput/Hr:

_________________________

SCC, if known:

________________ _____________________________________________________ FML? (y/n) ___ % Sulfur: _________ % Ash: __________ BTU/lb-gal-ft 3 : ____________

SCHEDULE 1

Date Effective: Monthly Throughput in (Units):

Date End: JAN: ___________ FEB: ___________ MAR: __________

Total Days: APR: ___________ MAY: __________ JUN: __________

Total Hours: JUL: ___________ AUG: ___________ SEP: ___________

Days per Week: OCT: ___________ NOV: ___________ DEC: ___________

SCHEDULE 2

Date Effective: Monthly Throughput in (Units):

Date End: JAN: ___________ FEB: ___________ MAR: __________

Total Days: APR: ___________ MAY: __________ JUN: __________

Total Hours: JUL: ___________ AUG: ___________ SEP: ___________

Days per Week: OCT: ___________ NOV: ___________ DEC: ___________

DEP Bureau of Air Quality

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## Appendix D WORKSHEET FOR NEW PROCESSES (cont’d)

First Control Device

Type (Baghouse, ESP, etc.): Manufacturer: Model: Date Ins t alled:

Pressure Drop (in/water): Scrubber Flow Rate (gal/min): DEP ID number? Is Material Collec t ed/

Landfilled on Site?

Pollutant Control Efficiencies

Pollutant Efficiency % Sub Facility (mfr rating, calculated, other)



### Second Control Device

Type (Baghouse, ESP, etc.): Manufacturer: Model: Date Ins t alled:

Pressure Drop (in/water): Scrubber Flow Rate (gal/min): DEP ID number? Is Material Collec t ed/

Landfilled on Site?

Pollutant Control Efficiencies

Pollutant Efficiency % Sub Facility (mfr rating, calculated, other)

DEP Bureau of Air Quality

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## Appendix D WORKSHEET FOR NEW PROCESSES (cont’d)

First Stack

Inside Diameter: Height:

Flow Volume ACFM: Veloc i ty (m/s ec ): Distance to Nearest Property Line:

Temperature °F: Mois ture %: DEP ID Number?

Stack Discharge Type: ________

S = Vertical Unobstructed Opening

W = Vertical Weather Cap or Similar Obstruction

X = Horizontal or Nearly Horizontal

Y = Downward or Nearly Downward

Z = Fugitive Emissions



### Second Stack

Inside Diameter: Height:

Flow Volume ACFM: Veloc i ty (m/s ec ): Distance to Nearest Property Line:

Temperature °F: Mois ture %: DEP ID Number?

Stack Discharge Type: ________

S = Vertical Unobstructed Opening

W = Vertical Weather Cap or Similar Obstruction

X = Horizontal or Nearly Horizontal

Y = Downward or Nearly Downward

Z = Fugitive Emissions

DEP Bureau of Air Quality

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## Appendix E WORKSHEET FOR NEW INCINERATORS

Date: ____________________ For Year: _______________ Tax ID/Plant Code: _________________

Facility Name: _________________________________________ Primary Facility ID: _______________

Incinerator Name:

Descript i on:

Manufacturer: Model: Date Ins t alled:

Incinerator Capacity: Primary Burner Capacity: Secondary Burner Capacity:

Incinerator Class: Waste Type (see back): DEP Permit No.:

Exhaust Flow(ACFM): Exhaust Temp: Exhaust Moisture (%):

Exhaust CO2 (%): Connected to FML(s)?

Actual Emission Estimates (Tons/Yr) for Emission Fees and Emission Statements:

Pollutant CAS Emis s i on Amt (0.00 TPY) Calculation Method

C O

L e a d

NH 3

N O X

P M 1 0

P M 2

. 5

S O X

V O C

Additional Pollutants (enter HAPs individually):

NOTE: Most Criteria pollutants and HAPS need to be reported if greater than 0.5 TPY. The following pollutants need to be reported if greater t han the amounts listed:

Polychlorobiphenols (PCB) 0.01 TPY
Mercury (Hg) 0.01 TPY

Lead (Pb) 0.01 TPY Polycyclic Organic Matter (POM) 0.01 TPY

Dioxins (Submit Lbs/Yr only) 0.02 Lbs/Yr

Furans (Submit Lbs/Yr only) 0.02 Lbs/Yr

DEP Bureau of Air Quality

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## Appendix E WORKSHEET FOR NEW INCINERATORS (cont’d)

Primary Material Incinerated

_____________________________________________________ SCC, if known:

________________ Maximum Throughput/Hr:

_________________________

SCHEDULE 1

Date Effective: Monthly Throughput in (Units):

Date End: JAN: ___________ FEB: ___________ MAR: __________

Total Days: APR: ___________ MAY: __________ JUN: __________

Total Hours: JUL: ___________ AUG: ___________ SEP: ___________

Days per Week: OCT: ___________ NOV: ___________ DEC: ___________

SCHEDULE 2

Date Effective: Monthly Throughput in (Units):

Date End: JAN: ___________ FEB: ___________ MAR: __________

Total Days: APR: ___________ MAY: __________ JUN: __________

Total Hours: JUL: ___________ AUG: ___________ SEP: ___________

Days per Week: OCT: ___________ NOV: ___________ DEC: ___________

Secondary Material Incinerated

_____________________________________________________ SCC, if known:

________________ Maximum Throughput/Hr:

_________________________

SCHEDULE 1

Date Effective: Monthly Throughput in (Units):

Date End: JAN: ___________ FEB: ___________ MAR: __________

Total Days: APR: ___________ MAY: __________ JUN: __________

Total Hours: JUL: ___________ AUG: ___________ SEP: ___________

Days per Week: OCT: ___________ NOV: ___________ DEC: ___________

SCHEDULE 2

Date Effective: Monthly Throughput in (Units):

Date End: JAN: ___________ FEB: ___________ MAR: __________

Total Days: APR: ___________ MAY: __________ JUN: __________

Total Hours: JUL: ___________ AUG: ___________ SEP: ___________

Days per Week: OCT: ___________ NOV: ___________ DEC: ___________

DEP Bureau of Air Quality

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## Appendix E WORKSHEET FOR NEW INCINERATORS (cont’d)

First Fuel Burned:

________________ Maximum Throughput/Hr:

_________________________ SCC, if known:

________________ _____________________________________________________ FML? (y/n) ___ % Sulfur: _________ % Ash: __________ BTU/lb-gal-ft 3 : ____________

SCHEDULE 1

Date Effective: Monthly Throughput in (Units):

Date End: JAN: ___________ FEB: ___________ MAR: __________

Total Days: APR: ___________ MAY: __________ JUN: __________

Total Hours: JUL: ___________ AUG: ___________ SEP: ___________

Days per Week: OCT: ___________ NOV: ___________ DEC: ___________

SCHEDULE 2

Date Effective: Monthly Throughput in (Units):

Date End: JAN: ___________ FEB: ___________ MAR: __________

Total Days: APR: ___________ MAY: __________ JUN: __________

Total Hours: JUL: ___________ AUG: ___________ SEP: ___________

Days per Week: OCT: ___________ NOV: ___________ DEC: ___________

2 nd Fuel Burned:

________________ Maximum Throughput/Hr:

_________________________

SCC, if known:

________________ _____________________________________________________ FML? (y/n) ___ % Sulfur: _________ % Ash: __________ BTU/lb-gal-ft 3 : ____________

SCHEDULE 1

Date Effective: Monthly Throughput in (Units):

Date End: JAN: ___________ FEB: ___________ MAR: __________

Total Days: APR: ___________ MAY: __________ JUN: __________

Total Hours: JUL: ___________ AUG: ___________ SEP: ___________

Days per Week: OCT: ___________ NOV: ___________ DEC: ___________

SCHEDULE 2

Date Effective: Monthly Throughput in (Units):

Date End: JAN: ___________ FEB: ___________ MAR: __________

Total Days: APR: ___________ MAY: __________ JUN: __________

Total Hours: JUL: ___________ AUG: ___________ SEP: ___________

Days per Week: OCT: ___________ NOV: ___________ DEC: ___________

DEP Bureau of Air Quality

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## Appendix E WORKSHEET FOR NEW INCINERATORS (cont’d)

First Control Device

Type (Baghouse, ESP, etc.): Manufacturer: Model: Date Ins t alled:

Pressure Drop (in/water): Scrubber Flow Rate (gal/min): DEP ID number? Is Material Collec t ed/

Landfilled on Site?

Pollutant Control Efficiencies

Pollutant Efficiency % Sub Facility (mfr rating, calculated, other)

Second Control Dev i ce

Type (Baghouse, ESP, etc.): Manufacturer: Model: Date Ins t alled:

Pressure Drop (in/water): Scrubber Flow Rate (gal/min): DEP ID number? Is Material Collec t ed/

Landfilled on Site?

Pollutant Control Efficiencies

Pollutant Efficiency % Sub Facility (mfr rating, calculated, other)

DEP Bureau of Air Quality

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## Appendix E WORKSHEET FOR NEW INCINERATORS (cont’d)

First Stack

Inside Diameter: Height:

Flow Volume ACFM: Veloc i ty (m/s ec ): Distance to Nearest Property Line:

Temperature °F: Mois ture %: DEP ID Number?

Stack Discharge Type: ________

S = Vertical Unobstructed Opening

W = Vertical Weather Cap or Similar Obstruction

X = Horizontal or Nearly Horizontal

Y = Downward or Nearly Downward

Z = Fugitive Emissions

Second Stack

Inside Diameter: Height:

Flow Volume ACFM: Veloc i ty (m/s ec ): Distance to Nearest Property Line:

Temperature °F: Mois ture %: DEP ID Number?

Stack Discharge Type: ________

S = Vertical Unobstructed Opening

W = Vertical Weather Cap or Similar Obstruction

X = Horizontal or Nearly Horizontal

Y = Downward or Nearly Downward

Z = Fugitive Emissions

DEP Bureau of Air Quality

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## Appendix E WORKSHEET FOR NEW INCINERATORS (cont’d)

INCINERATOR CLASS CODES

Class I Portable packaged incinerators having a bur ning rate up to but not including 100 pounds per hour of Type 0 or Type 1 waste or 75 pounds per hour of Type 2 or Type 3 waste.

Class II Flue fed single chamber incinerators capable of burning Type 0 or Type 1 waste at the rate of 100
pounds or more per hour or Type 2 waste at the rate of 75 pounds or more per hour. New

installations of these units ar e not acceptable to the Department.

Class IIA Chute fed multi-chamber incinerators suit able for burning Type 0 and Type 1 waste at the rate of
100 pounds or more per hour.

Class III Direct fed incinerators suitable for burni ng Type 0 and Type 1 waste at the rate of 100 pounds or
more per hour or Type 2 waste at the rate of 75 pounds or more per hour.

Class IV Incinerators suitable for burning Type 3 waste at the rate of 75 pounds or more per hour.

Class V Municipal incinerators suitabl e for burning a combination of wastes.

Class VI Crematory and pathological incinerators suit able for burning Type 4 waste at the rate of 25 pounds
or more per hour.

Class VII Special incinerators designed to burn Type 5, Ty pe 6, Type 7 or special wastes at the rate of 25
pounds or more per hour.

Class CA Controlled air incinerators designed to burn waste from institutional, commercial and industrial
operation.

INCINERATOR WASTE TYPE CODES

Trash : a mixture of highly combustible waste such as paper, cardboard cartons, wood boxes, and combustible floor sweepings from commercial and industrial activities containing up to 10% by -weight of plastic bags, coated paper,
laminated paper, treated corrugated cardboard, o ily rags and plastic or rubber scraps.

Rubbish : a mixture of combustible waste such as paper, ca rdboard cartons, wood scrip, foliage and combustible floor sweepings from domestic, commercial, and i ndustrial activities containing up to 20% by-weight of restaurant or cafeteria
waste, but little or no treated papers, plastic or rubber wastes.

Refuse : consisting of approximately an even mixture of rubbish and garbage by-weight.

Garbage : consisting of animal and vegetable uses from cafeteri as, hotels, hospitals, mark ets, and like installations.

Rem a ins : human and/or animal consisting of carcasses, organs and solid organic wastes from hospitals, laboratories,
abattoirs, animal pounds and similar sub facilities.

By -prod : gaseous, liquid, or semi-liquid, such as tar, paints, solvents, sludge, fumes, etc ., from industrial operations.

Solids : by-product waste such as rubber, plastics, wood waste, etc., from industrial operations.

Sludge : the accumulated settled solids deposited from sewage.

DEP Bureau of Air Quality

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## Appendix F WORKSHEET FOR NEW CONTROL DEVICES

Date: ____________________ For Year: _______________ Tax ID/Plant Code: _________________

Facility Name: _________________________________________ Primary Facility ID: _______________

First Control Dev i ce

Type (Baghouse, ESP, etc.): Manufacturer: Model: Date Ins t alled:

Pressure Drop (in/water): Scrubber Flow Rate (gal/min): DEP ID number? Is Material Collec t ed/

Landfilled on Site?

Pollutant Control Efficiencies

Pollutant Efficiency % Sub Facility (mfr rating, calculated, other)

Second Control Device

Type (Baghouse, ESP, etc.): Manufacturer: Model: Date Ins t alled:

Pressure Drop (in/water): Scrubber Flow Rate (gal/min): DEP ID number? Is Material Collec t ed/

Landfilled on Site?

Pollutant Control Efficiencies

Pollutant Efficiency % Sub Facility (mfr rating, calculated, other)

DEP Bureau of Air Quality

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## Appendix G WORKSHEET FOR NEW STACKS

Date: ____________________ For Year: _______________ Tax ID/Plant Code: _________________

Facility Name: _________________________________________ Primary Facility ID: _______________

S t ack 1

Company Designation: Base Elevation (Ft):

Inside Diameter: Height:

Flow Volume ACFM: Veloc i ty (m/s ec ):

Temperature °F: Mois ture %: DEP ID Number?

S = Vertical Unobstructed Opening

Stack Discharge Type: ________ W = Vertical Weather Cap or Similar Obstruction

X = Horizontal or Nearly Horizontal

Y = Downward or Nearly Downward

Z = Fugitive Emissions

Latitude* (to 0.0 seconds): Longitude* (to 0.0 seconds):

Latitude (to 0.0 seconds): Longitude (to 0.0 seconds):

M e t h o d : H o r i z o n t a l Accu r a c y : G e o m e t r i c T y p e :

Horizontal Reference Datum: Reference Point:

S t ack 2

Company Designation: Base Elevation (Ft):

Inside Diameter: Height:

Flow Volume ACFM: Veloc i ty (m/s ec ):

Temperature °F: Mois ture %: DEP ID Number?

S = Vertical Unobstructed Opening

Stack Discharge Type: ________ W = Vertical Weather Cap or Similar Obstruction

X = Horizontal or Nearly Horizontal

Y = Downward or Nearly Downward

Z = Fugitive Emissions

Latitude (to 0.0 seconds): Longitude (to 0.0 seconds):

M e t h o d : H o r i z o n t a l Accu r a c y : G e o m e t r i c T y p e :

Horizontal Reference Datum: Reference Point:

DEP Bureau of Air Quality

- 55 - D e c e m b e r 2 0 0 52005 Emi ssi ons Invent o ry Report i ng Inst ruct i ons



## Appendix H WORKSHEET FOR NEW FUEL MATERIAL LOCATIONS

Date: ____________________ For Year: _______________ Tax ID/Plant Code: _________________

Facility Name: _________________________________________ Primary Facility ID: _______________

Please identify all locations that store fuel used by more than one air pollution sub facility or Control Device in the emissions year. The reason we are identifying fuel locations is to associate the characteri stics of the fuel (%Sulfur, %Ash, Btu) once with the fuel location, instead of multiple time s with each sub facility fed by the fuel location. Rules for creating fuel locations are:

1. Create a fuel location only if it supplies fuel to more than one sub facility in an emissions year. If a sub facility is fed by its own fuel location, enter the fuel characteristics with its f uel record in your operations data.

2. A fuel location can store only one type of fuel in an emissions year.

3. If it changed the fuel stored during the year, create a separate fuel lo cation for each of the fuels used.

4. A sub facility can be fed a specific f uel from only one fuel location in a year.

Fuel Material Location 1

Company Name: Fuel Type:

Storage Capacity: Date Ins t alled:

Sub Facilities Fed By This location

Fuel Analyses for Reporting Year

%ASH: %Sulfur : BTU: Units ( lb-gal-c uft): Date Sampled:

%ASH: %Sulfur : BTU: Units ( lb-gal-c uft): Date Sampled:

%ASH: %Sulfur : BTU: Units ( lb-gal-c uft): Date Sampled:

%ASH: %Sulfur : BTU: Units ( lb-gal-c uft): Date Sampled:

DEP Bureau of Air Quality

- 56 - D e c e m b e r 2 0 0 52005 Emi ssi ons Invent o ry Report i ng Inst ruct i ons



## Appendix H WORKSHEET FOR NEW FUEL MATERIAL LOCATIONS
(cont’d)

Fuel Material Location 2

Company Name: Fuel Type:

Storage Capacity: Date Ins t alled:

Sub Facilities Fed By This location

Fuel Analyses for Reporting Year

%ASH: %Sulfur : BTU: Units ( lb-gal-c uft): Date Sampled:

%ASH: %Sulfur : BTU: Units ( lb-gal-c uft): Date Sampled:

%ASH: %Sulfur : BTU: Units ( lb-gal-c uft): Date Sampled:

%ASH: %Sulfur : BTU: Units ( lb-gal-c uft): Date Sampled:

Fuel Material Location 3

Company Name: Fuel Type:

Storage Capacity: Date Ins t alled:

Sub Facilities Fed By This location

Fuel Analyses for Reporting Year

%ASH: %Sulfur : BTU: Units ( lb-gal-c uft): Date Sampled:

%ASH: %Sulfur : BTU: Units ( lb-gal-c uft): Date Sampled:

%ASH: %Sulfur : BTU: Units ( lb-gal-c uft): Date Sampled:

%ASH: %Sulfur : BTU: Units ( lb-gal-c uft): Date Sampled:

DEP Bureau of Air Quality

- 57 - D e c e m b e r 2 0 0 52005 Emi ssi ons Invent o ry Report i ng Inst ruct i ons



## Appendix I WORKSHEET FOR CHANGES TO EXISTING STACKS

OR CONTROL DEVICES

Date: ____________________ For Year: _______________ Tax ID/Plant Code: _________________

Facility Name: _________________________________________ Primary Facility ID: _______________

DEP ID of First Stack: ______________

Enter only changed characteristics

Inside Diameter: Height:

Flow Volume ACFM: Veloc i ty (m/s ec ): Distance to Nearest Property Line:

Temperature °F: Mois ture %:

Stack Discharge Type: ________ S = Vertical Unobstructed Opening

W = Vertical Weather Cap or Similar Obstruction

X = Horizontal or Nearly Horizontal

Y = Downward or Nearly Downward

Z = Fugitive Emissions

Notes:

DEP ID of Second Stack: ______________

Enter only changed characteristics

Inside Diameter: Height:

Flow Volume ACFM: Veloc i ty (m/s ec ): Distance to Nearest Property Line:

Temperature °F: Mois ture %:

Stack Discharge Type: ________ S = Vertical Unobstructed Opening

W = Vertical Weather Cap or Similar Obstruction

X = Horizontal or Nearly Horizontal

Y = Downward or Nearly Downward

Z = Fugitive Emissions

Notes:

DEP Bureau of Air Quality

- 58 - D e c e m b e r 2 0 0 52005 Emi ssi ons Invent o ry Report i ng Inst ruct i ons



## Appendix I WORKSHEET FOR CHANGES TO EXISTING STACKS OR
CONTROL DEVICES (cont’d)

DEP ID of First Control Device: _________________

Enter only changed characteristics

Pressure Drop (in/water): Scrubber Flow Rate (gal/min): Is Material Collected/ Landfilled on Site?

Pollutant Control Efficiencies

Pollutant Efficiency % Sub Facility (mfr rating, calculated, other)

Notes:

DEP ID of Second Control Device: _________________

Enter only changed characteristics

Pressure Drop (in/water): Scrubber Flow Rate (gal/min): Is Material Collected Landfilled on Site?

Pollutant Control Efficiencies

Pollutant Efficiency % Sub Facility (mfr rating, calculated, other)

Notes:

DEP Bureau of Air Quality

- 59 - D e c e m b e r 2 0 0 52005 Emissions Inventory Reporting Instructions

DEP Bureau of Air Quality

- 60 - December 2005 

## Appendix J CERTIFICATION OF DATA ACCURACY

AIR POLLUTION CONTROL ACT



## CERTIFICATION OF DATA ACCURACY

FOR COMPANIES SUBJECT TO EMISSION STATEMENT REGULATION

Firm-Plant Code (federal tax ID + plant code assigned by DEP):

AFS Number (AIRS ID assigned by DEP):

Primary Facility ID (assigned by DEP):

Company Name:

Plant Address:

I,

__________________________ _ , certify under penalty of law as provided in 18 Pa. C.S. §4904 and Section 9(b)(2) of the Air Pollution Control Act, 35 P.S., §4009(b)(2) that I am a company officer or plant manager or authorized representative of the facility identified above, authorized to make this affidavit. I further certify that, based on information and belief formed after reasonable inquiry, the statements and information
contained in this Emission Statement are true, accurate, and complete.

Signature:

Name:

(Print or Type)

Title:

(Print or Type)

Date:

# APPENDIX A 2

BERKS COUNTY

FACILITY ANNUAL EMISSIONS

– 2002

(Provided in Electronic Form Only)

Bureau of Air Quality
Department of Environmental Protection

### [ This page blank intentionally left blank

. ]PM 2.5 SIP TOTALS

READING NONATTAINMENT AREA

Sum of 2002 TPY

POLL Total

CO 1,505.0533

NH3 9.3962

NOx 5,362.6594

PM10-PRI 1,264.8725

PM25-PRI 576.6164

SO2 14,834.3517

VOC 1,739.7110PM 2.5 SIP

READING NONATTAINMENT AREA

COUNTY FACILITY FACIL ID POLL 2002 TPY

Berks ADELPHI KITCHENS INC/ROBESONIA 420110096 CO 0.0793

Berks ADELPHI KITCHENS INC/ROBESONIA 420110096 NH3 0.0065

Berks ADELPHI KITCHENS INC/ROBESONIA 420110096 NOx 0.3401

Berks ADELPHI KITCHENS INC/ROBESONIA 420110096 PM10-PRI 9.9647

Berks ADELPHI KITCHENS INC/ROBESONIA 420110096 PM25-PRI 8.6947

Berks ADELPHI KITCHENS INC/ROBESONIA 420110096 SO2 0.2600

Berks ADELPHI KITCHENS INC/ROBESONIA 420110096 VOC 25.6550

Berks AGERE SYSTEMS INC/READING FACILITY 420110078 CO 10.3954

Berks AGERE SYSTEMS INC/READING FACILITY 420110078 NH3 0.6487

Berks AGERE SYSTEMS INC/READING FACILITY 420110078 NOx 17.1040

Berks AGERE SYSTEMS INC/READING FACILITY 420110078 PM10-PRI 4.8571

Berks AGERE SYSTEMS INC/READING FACILITY 420110078 PM25-PRI 3.4979

Berks AGERE SYSTEMS INC/READING FACILITY 420110078 SO2 0.1218

Berks AGERE SYSTEMS INC/READING FACILITY 420110078 VOC 21.9269

Berks ATLAS MINERALS & CHEM/MERTZTOWN 420110054 CO 0.7224

Berks ATLAS MINERALS & CHEM/MERTZTOWN 420110054 NH3 0.2067

Berks ATLAS MINERALS & CHEM/MERTZTOWN 420110054 NOx 11.6559

Berks ATLAS MINERALS & CHEM/MERTZTOWN 420110054 PM10-PRI 10.3270

Berks ATLAS MINERALS & CHEM/MERTZTOWN 420110054 PM25-PRI 8.6873

Berks ATLAS MINERALS & CHEM/MERTZTOWN 420110054 SO2 39.2283

Berks ATLAS MINERALS & CHEM/MERTZTOWN 420110054 VOC 0.2572

Berks BALDWIN HDWR CORP/READING PLT 420110095 CO 2.4400

Berks BALDWIN HDWR CORP/READING PLT 420110095 NH3 0.2687

Berks BALDWIN HDWR CORP/READING PLT 420110095 NOx 14.4400

Berks BALDWIN HDWR CORP/READING PLT 420110095 PM10-PRI 3.8053

Berks BALDWIN HDWR CORP/READING PLT 420110095 PM25-PRI 1.2509

Berks BALDWIN HDWR CORP/READING PLT 420110095 SO2 19.3532

Berks BALDWIN HDWR CORP/READING PLT 420110095 VOC 82.4446

Berks BERKS CAN CO INC/BERKS CAN PLANT 420110354 CO 1.0497

Berks BERKS CAN CO INC/BERKS CAN PLANT 420110354 NH3 0.0400

Berks BERKS CAN CO INC/BERKS CAN PLANT 420110354 NOx 1.2496

Berks BERKS CAN CO INC/BERKS CAN PLANT 420110354 PM10-PRI 0.0375

Berks BERKS CAN CO INC/BERKS CAN PLANT 420110354 PM25-PRI 0.0375

Berks BERKS CAN CO INC/BERKS CAN PLANT 420110354 SO2 0.0075

Berks BERKS CAN CO INC/BERKS CAN PLANT 420110354 VOC 1.7577

Berks BIRCHCRAFT KITCHENS/READING FACILITY 420110669 CO 0.0834

Berks BIRCHCRAFT KITCHENS/READING FACILITY 420110669 NH3 0.0040

Berks BIRCHCRAFT KITCHENS/READING FACILITY 420110669 NOx 0.1185

Berks BIRCHCRAFT KITCHENS/READING FACILITY 420110669 PM10-PRI 0.0041

Berks BIRCHCRAFT KITCHENS/READING FACILITY 420110669 PM25-PRI 0.0036

Page 1PM 2.5 SIP

READING NONATTAINMENT AREA

COUNTY FACILITY FACIL ID POLL 2002 TPY

Berks BIRCHCRAFT KITCHENS/READING FACILITY 420110669 SO2 0.0593

Berks BIRCHCRAFT KITCHENS/READING FACILITY 420110669 VOC 6.7353

Berks BOYERTOWN FOUNDRY CO/FKA EAFCO 420110028 CO 67.6829

Berks BOYERTOWN FOUNDRY CO/FKA EAFCO 420110028 NH3 0.0268

Berks BOYERTOWN FOUNDRY CO/FKA EAFCO 420110028 NOx 3.3491

Berks BOYERTOWN FOUNDRY CO/FKA EAFCO 420110028 PM10-PRI 51.7736

Berks BOYERTOWN FOUNDRY CO/FKA EAFCO 420110028 PM25-PRI 30.6419

Berks BOYERTOWN FOUNDRY CO/FKA EAFCO 420110028 SO2 15.0138

Berks BOYERTOWN FOUNDRY CO/FKA EAFCO 420110028 VOC 23.4673

Berks BRADLEY SPECIALTIES CORP/UPPER BERN TWP PLT 420112017 VOC 5.0218

Berks CALPINE CONST FINANC/ONTELAUNEE PLT 420110427 CO 189.4460

Berks CALPINE CONST FINANC/ONTELAUNEE PLT 420110427 NH3

Berks CALPINE CONST FINANC/ONTELAUNEE PLT 420110427 NOx 13.3900

Berks CALPINE CONST FINANC/ONTELAUNEE PLT 420110427 PM10-PRI 6.3789

Berks CALPINE CONST FINANC/ONTELAUNEE PLT 420110427 PM25-PRI 6.3789

Berks CALPINE CONST FINANC/ONTELAUNEE PLT 420110427 SO2 0.9538

Berks CALPINE CONST FINANC/ONTELAUNEE PLT 420110427 VOC 1.3934

Berks CAMBRIDGE LEE IND IN/READING TUBE DIV 420110075 CO 20.0642

Berks CAMBRIDGE LEE IND IN/READING TUBE DIV 420110075 NH3 0.2115

Berks CAMBRIDGE LEE IND IN/READING TUBE DIV 420110075 NOx 23.8854

Berks CAMBRIDGE LEE IND IN/READING TUBE DIV 420110075 PM10-PRI 9.8387

Berks CAMBRIDGE LEE IND IN/READING TUBE DIV 420110075 PM25-PRI 4.8060

Berks CAMBRIDGE LEE IND IN/READING TUBE DIV 420110075 SO2 0.1427

Berks CAMBRIDGE LEE IND IN/READING TUBE DIV 420110075 VOC 35.0038

Berks CAN CORP OF AMER/BLANDON PLT 420110101 CO 3.1893

Berks CAN CORP OF AMER/BLANDON PLT 420110101 NH3 0.1043

Berks CAN CORP OF AMER/BLANDON PLT 420110101 NOx 5.5081

Berks CAN CORP OF AMER/BLANDON PLT 420110101 PM10-PRI 0.1652

Berks CAN CORP OF AMER/BLANDON PLT 420110101 PM25-PRI 0.1652

Berks CAN CORP OF AMER/BLANDON PLT 420110101 SO2 0.0330

Berks CAN CORP OF AMER/BLANDON PLT 420110101 VOC 17.3979

Berks CARAUSTAR MILL GROUP INC/SINKING SPRING 420110082 CO 5.5874

Berks CARAUSTAR MILL GROUP INC/SINKING SPRING 420110082 NH3 0.2156

Berks CARAUSTAR MILL GROUP INC/SINKING SPRING 420110082 NOx 6.8364

Berks CARAUSTAR MILL GROUP INC/SINKING SPRING 420110082 PM10-PRI 0.2716

Berks CARAUSTAR MILL GROUP INC/SINKING SPRING 420110082 PM25-PRI 0.2649

Berks CARAUSTAR MILL GROUP INC/SINKING SPRING 420110082 SO2 1.1104

Berks CARAUSTAR MILL GROUP INC/SINKING SPRING 420110082 VOC 4.0657

Berks CARPENTER TECH CORP/READING PLT 420110031 CO 456.0167

Berks CARPENTER TECH CORP/READING PLT 420110031 NH3 2.7122

Page 2PM 2.5 SIP

READING NONATTAINMENT AREA

COUNTY FACILITY FACIL ID POLL 2002 TPY

Berks CARPENTER TECH CORP/READING PLT 420110031 NOx 250.1945

Berks CARPENTER TECH CORP/READING PLT 420110031 PM10-PRI 141.6705

Berks CARPENTER TECH CORP/READING PLT 420110031 PM25-PRI 91.6053

Berks CARPENTER TECH CORP/READING PLT 420110031 SO2 22.2127

Berks CARPENTER TECH CORP/READING PLT 420110031 VOC 70.0764

Berks CHIYODA AMER INC/CAERNARVON 420110099 CO 10.8017

Berks CHIYODA AMER INC/CAERNARVON 420110099 NH3 0.4097

Berks CHIYODA AMER INC/CAERNARVON 420110099 NOx 15.4000

Berks CHIYODA AMER INC/CAERNARVON 420110099 PM10-PRI 0.8192

Berks CHIYODA AMER INC/CAERNARVON 420110099 PM25-PRI 0.8192

Berks CHIYODA AMER INC/CAERNARVON 420110099 SO2 0.0768

Berks CHIYODA AMER INC/CAERNARVON 420110099 VOC 20.9414

Berks COUNTY OF BERKS/BERKS COUNTY COMPLEX 420110002 CO 2.0382

Berks COUNTY OF BERKS/BERKS COUNTY COMPLEX 420110002 NH3 0.3261

Berks COUNTY OF BERKS/BERKS COUNTY COMPLEX 420110002 NOx 11.4200

Berks COUNTY OF BERKS/BERKS COUNTY COMPLEX 420110002 PM10-PRI 1.8866

Berks COUNTY OF BERKS/BERKS COUNTY COMPLEX 420110002 PM25-PRI 1.7127

Berks COUNTY OF BERKS/BERKS COUNTY COMPLEX 420110002 SO2 31.5100

Berks COUNTY OF BERKS/BERKS COUNTY COMPLEX 420110002 VOC 0.1156

Berks CRYOVAC INC/CRYOVAC RIGID PACKAGING 420110093 PM10-PRI 1.0000

Berks CRYOVAC INC/CRYOVAC RIGID PACKAGING 420110093 PM25-PRI 0.3529

Berks CRYOVAC INC/CRYOVAC RIGID PACKAGING 420110093 VOC 625.1000

Berks DELAWARE CNTY SWA/ROLLING HILLS MUNI WASTE LDFL 420110365 CO 28.6670

Berks DELAWARE CNTY SWA/ROLLING HILLS MUNI WASTE LDFL 420110365 NH3 0.1758

Berks DELAWARE CNTY SWA/ROLLING HILLS MUNI WASTE LDFL 420110365 NOx 7.9713

Berks DELAWARE CNTY SWA/ROLLING HILLS MUNI WASTE LDFL 420110365 PM10-PRI 49.3084

Berks DELAWARE CNTY SWA/ROLLING HILLS MUNI WASTE LDFL 420110365 PM25-PRI 22.9506

Berks DELAWARE CNTY SWA/ROLLING HILLS MUNI WASTE LDFL 420110365 SO2 1.1721

Berks DELAWARE CNTY SWA/ROLLING HILLS MUNI WASTE LDFL 420110365 VOC 32.3540

Berks DIETRICHS MILK PROD /READING PLANT 420111012 CO 3.2948

Berks DIETRICHS MILK PROD /READING PLANT 420111012 NH3 0.0584

Berks DIETRICHS MILK PROD /READING PLANT 420111012 NOx 15.6776

Berks DIETRICHS MILK PROD /READING PLANT 420111012 PM10-PRI 1.8828

Berks DIETRICHS MILK PROD /READING PLANT 420111012 PM25-PRI 1.7759

Berks DIETRICHS MILK PROD /READING PLANT 420111012 SO2 0.0943

Berks DIETRICHS MILK PROD /READING PLANT 420111012 VOC 0.8212

Berks DYER QUARRY INC/DYER QUARRY 420110636 CO 25.6900

Berks DYER QUARRY INC/DYER QUARRY 420110636 NOx 6.5300

Berks DYER QUARRY INC/DYER QUARRY 420110636 PM10-PRI 92.2400

Berks DYER QUARRY INC/DYER QUARRY 420110636 PM25-PRI 23.0128

Page 3PM 2.5 SIP

READING NONATTAINMENT AREA

COUNTY FACILITY FACIL ID POLL 2002 TPY

Berks DYER QUARRY INC/DYER QUARRY 420110636 SO2 0.7600

Berks EAST PENN MFG CO INC/BATTERY ASSEMBLY 420110274 CO 5.5700

Berks EAST PENN MFG CO INC/BATTERY ASSEMBLY 420110274 NH3 0.8416

Berks EAST PENN MFG CO INC/BATTERY ASSEMBLY 420110274 NOx 27.7600

Berks EAST PENN MFG CO INC/BATTERY ASSEMBLY 420110274 PM10-PRI 10.8200

Berks EAST PENN MFG CO INC/BATTERY ASSEMBLY 420110274 PM25-PRI 9.9348

Berks EAST PENN MFG CO INC/BATTERY ASSEMBLY 420110274 SO2 0.1500

Berks EAST PENN MFG CO INC/BATTERY ASSEMBLY 420110274 VOC 8.3600

Berks EAST PENN MFG CO INC/KUTZTOWN 420110478 CO 0.7767

Berks EAST PENN MFG CO INC/KUTZTOWN 420110478 NH3 0.0296

Berks EAST PENN MFG CO INC/KUTZTOWN 420110478 NOx 0.9200

Berks EAST PENN MFG CO INC/KUTZTOWN 420110478 PM10-PRI 0.0038

Berks EAST PENN MFG CO INC/KUTZTOWN 420110478 PM25-PRI 0.0024

Berks EAST PENN MFG CO INC/KUTZTOWN 420110478 SO2 0.0055

Berks EAST PENN MFG CO INC/KUTZTOWN 420110478 VOC 6.6596

Berks EAST PENN MFG CO INC/SMELTER PLT 420110014 CO 2.0499

Berks EAST PENN MFG CO INC/SMELTER PLT 420110014 NH3 0.0231

Berks EAST PENN MFG CO INC/SMELTER PLT 420110014 NOx 59.3900

Berks EAST PENN MFG CO INC/SMELTER PLT 420110014 PM10-PRI 0.1800

Berks EAST PENN MFG CO INC/SMELTER PLT 420110014 PM25-PRI 0.1737

Berks EAST PENN MFG CO INC/SMELTER PLT 420110014 SO2 38.0000

Berks EAST PENN MFG CO INC/SMELTER PLT 420110014 VOC 9.0701

Berks EJB PAVING & MATERIALS/ONTELAUNEE 420110355 CO 43.3900

Berks EJB PAVING & MATERIALS/ONTELAUNEE 420110355 NOx 15.4200

Berks EJB PAVING & MATERIALS/ONTELAUNEE 420110355 PM10-PRI 1.8300

Berks EJB PAVING & MATERIALS/ONTELAUNEE 420110355 PM25-PRI 0.2766

Berks EJB PAVING & MATERIALS/ONTELAUNEE 420110355 SO2 14.0100

Berks EJB PAVING & MATERIALS/ONTELAUNEE 420110355 VOC 3.4800

Berks EMPIRE STEEL CASTING/MUHLENBERG PLT 420110175 CO 2.9752

Berks EMPIRE STEEL CASTING/MUHLENBERG PLT 420110175 NH3 0.0219

Berks EMPIRE STEEL CASTING/MUHLENBERG PLT 420110175 NOx 0.8340

Berks EMPIRE STEEL CASTING/MUHLENBERG PLT 420110175 PM10-PRI 0.9385

Berks EMPIRE STEEL CASTING/MUHLENBERG PLT 420110175 PM25-PRI 0.9367

Berks EMPIRE STEEL CASTING/MUHLENBERG PLT 420110175 SO2 0.0370

Berks EMPIRE STEEL CASTING/MUHLENBERG PLT 420110175 VOC 9.7920

Berks EXIDE TECH/READING SMELTER 420110034 CO 6.6400

Berks EXIDE TECH/READING SMELTER 420110034 NH3 0.2477

Berks EXIDE TECH/READING SMELTER 420110034 NOx 59.5400

Berks EXIDE TECH/READING SMELTER 420110034 PM10-PRI 44.9280

Berks EXIDE TECH/READING SMELTER 420110034 PM25-PRI 38.9410

Page 4PM 2.5 SIP

READING NONATTAINMENT AREA

COUNTY FACILITY FACIL ID POLL 2002 TPY

Berks EXIDE TECH/READING SMELTER 420110034 SO2 51.2900

Berks EXIDE TECH/READING SMELTER 420110034 VOC 1.1000

Berks FLEETWOOD IND/READING FACILITY 420112024 VOC 20.8800

Berks FR&S INC/PIONEER CROSSING LDFL 420111066 CO 5.5291

Berks FR&S INC/PIONEER CROSSING LDFL 420111066 NOx 8.9727

Berks FR&S INC/PIONEER CROSSING LDFL 420111066 PM10-PRI 6.6300

Berks FR&S INC/PIONEER CROSSING LDFL 420111066 PM25-PRI 0.9900

Berks FR&S INC/PIONEER CROSSING LDFL 420111066 SO2 1.4440

Berks FR&S INC/PIONEER CROSSING LDFL 420111066 VOC 26.3890

Berks GLEN GERY CORP/MID-ATLANTIC PLANT 420110554 CO 149.1000

Berks GLEN GERY CORP/MID-ATLANTIC PLANT 420110554 NH3 0.0606

Berks GLEN GERY CORP/MID-ATLANTIC PLANT 420110554 NOx 35.0000

Berks GLEN GERY CORP/MID-ATLANTIC PLANT 420110554 PM10-PRI 24.1000

Berks GLEN GERY CORP/MID-ATLANTIC PLANT 420110554 PM25-PRI 10.2748

Berks GLEN GERY CORP/MID-ATLANTIC PLANT 420110554 SO2 81.5000

Berks GLEN GERY CORP/MID-ATLANTIC PLANT 420110554 VOC 9.0000

Berks GLIDDEN DBA ICI PAINTS/READING 420110040 CO 1.2600

Berks GLIDDEN DBA ICI PAINTS/READING 420110040 NH3 0.0297

Berks GLIDDEN DBA ICI PAINTS/READING 420110040 NOx 5.0400

Berks GLIDDEN DBA ICI PAINTS/READING 420110040 PM10-PRI 0.3652

Berks GLIDDEN DBA ICI PAINTS/READING 420110040 PM25-PRI 0.1400

Berks GLIDDEN DBA ICI PAINTS/READING 420110040 SO2 0.0216

Berks GLIDDEN DBA ICI PAINTS/READING 420110040 VOC 57.4480

Berks GRAFIKA COMMERCIAL PRINTING/SINKING SPRING 420110114 VOC 29.0300

Berks GST AUTOLEATHER/FLEETWOOD PLT 420110042 CO 1.2125

Berks GST AUTOLEATHER/FLEETWOOD PLT 420110042 NH3 0.0462

Berks GST AUTOLEATHER/FLEETWOOD PLT 420110042 NOx 1.9700

Berks GST AUTOLEATHER/FLEETWOOD PLT 420110042 PM10-PRI 1.1400

Berks GST AUTOLEATHER/FLEETWOOD PLT 420110042 PM25-PRI 0.4671

Berks GST AUTOLEATHER/FLEETWOOD PLT 420110042 SO2 0.0087

Berks GST AUTOLEATHER/FLEETWOOD PLT 420110042 VOC 131.2955

Berks HERSHEY FOODS CORP/READING PLT 420110867 CO 4.1262

Berks HERSHEY FOODS CORP/READING PLT 420110867 NH3 0.1572

Berks HERSHEY FOODS CORP/READING PLT 420110867 NOx 1.3755

Berks HERSHEY FOODS CORP/READING PLT 420110867 PM10-PRI 22.1739

Berks HERSHEY FOODS CORP/READING PLT 420110867 PM25-PRI 12.2631

Berks HERSHEY FOODS CORP/READING PLT 420110867 SO2 0.0294

Berks HERSHEY FOODS CORP/READING PLT 420110867 VOC 5.5982

Berks HH BROWN SHOE CO INC/DOUBLE H BOOT WOMELSDORF 420110127 CO 0.0398

Berks HH BROWN SHOE CO INC/DOUBLE H BOOT WOMELSDORF 420110127 NH3 0.0064

Page 5PM 2.5 SIP

READING NONATTAINMENT AREA

COUNTY FACILITY FACIL ID POLL 2002 TPY

Berks HH BROWN SHOE CO INC/DOUBLE H BOOT WOMELSDORF 420110127 NOx 0.1911

Berks HH BROWN SHOE CO INC/DOUBLE H BOOT WOMELSDORF 420110127 PM10-PRI 0.0080

Berks HH BROWN SHOE CO INC/DOUBLE H BOOT WOMELSDORF 420110127 PM25-PRI 0.0054

Berks HH BROWN SHOE CO INC/DOUBLE H BOOT WOMELSDORF 420110127 SO2 0.3431

Berks HH BROWN SHOE CO INC/DOUBLE H BOOT WOMELSDORF 420110127 VOC 19.0616

Berks INTERSTATE CONTAINER/READING PLT 420110016 CO 2.2979

Berks INTERSTATE CONTAINER/READING PLT 420110016 NH3 0.0875

Berks INTERSTATE CONTAINER/READING PLT 420110016 NOx 2.7363

Berks INTERSTATE CONTAINER/READING PLT 420110016 PM10-PRI 0.0821

Berks INTERSTATE CONTAINER/READING PLT 420110016 PM25-PRI 0.0821

Berks INTERSTATE CONTAINER/READING PLT 420110016 SO2 0.0175

Berks INTERSTATE CONTAINER/READING PLT 420110016 VOC 0.1505

Berks LEHIGH CEMENT CO /EVANSVILLE CEMENT PLT 420110039 CO 224.1837

Berks LEHIGH CEMENT CO /EVANSVILLE CEMENT PLT 420110039 NH3 0.0410

Berks LEHIGH CEMENT CO /EVANSVILLE CEMENT PLT 420110039 NOx 2,415.0016

Berks LEHIGH CEMENT CO /EVANSVILLE CEMENT PLT 420110039 PM10-PRI 424.5874

Berks LEHIGH CEMENT CO /EVANSVILLE CEMENT PLT 420110039 PM25-PRI 126.5162

Berks LEHIGH CEMENT CO /EVANSVILLE CEMENT PLT 420110039 SO2 404.5218

Berks LEHIGH CEMENT CO /EVANSVILLE CEMENT PLT 420110039 VOC 13.8290

Berks MCCONWAY & TORLEY CO/KUTZTOWN FOUNDRY 420110476 CO 5.7100

Berks MCCONWAY & TORLEY CO/KUTZTOWN FOUNDRY 420110476 NH3 0.0006

Berks MCCONWAY & TORLEY CO/KUTZTOWN FOUNDRY 420110476 NOx 3.9727

Berks MCCONWAY & TORLEY CO/KUTZTOWN FOUNDRY 420110476 PM10-PRI 12.9307

Berks MCCONWAY & TORLEY CO/KUTZTOWN FOUNDRY 420110476 PM25-PRI 11.0948

Berks MCCONWAY & TORLEY CO/KUTZTOWN FOUNDRY 420110476 SO2 1.8028

Berks MCCONWAY & TORLEY CO/KUTZTOWN FOUNDRY 420110476 VOC 5.3462

Berks MORGAN CORP/CAERNARVON TWP 420110091 CO 0.1843

Berks MORGAN CORP/CAERNARVON TWP 420110091 NH3 0.0188

Berks MORGAN CORP/CAERNARVON TWP 420110091 NOx 1.1000

Berks MORGAN CORP/CAERNARVON TWP 420110091 PM10-PRI 0.0224

Berks MORGAN CORP/CAERNARVON TWP 420110091 PM25-PRI 0.0161

Berks MORGAN CORP/CAERNARVON TWP 420110091 SO2 0.8000

Berks MORGAN CORP/CAERNARVON TWP 420110091 VOC 51.8281

Berks NAFCO/READING 420110098 CO 0.0064

Berks NAFCO/READING 420110098 NH3 0.0010

Berks NAFCO/READING 420110098 NOx 0.0308

Berks NAFCO/READING 420110098 PM10-PRI 0.0013

Berks NAFCO/READING 420110098 PM25-PRI 0.0009

Berks NAFCO/READING 420110098 SO2 0.0553

Berks NAFCO/READING 420110098 VOC 28.0243

Page 6PM 2.5 SIP

READING NONATTAINMENT AREA

COUNTY FACILITY FACIL ID POLL 2002 TPY

Berks NEW MORGAN LDFL CO I/CONESTOGA LDFL 420110820 CO 1.1400

Berks NEW MORGAN LDFL CO I/CONESTOGA LDFL 420110820 NOx 25.7700

Berks NEW MORGAN LDFL CO I/CONESTOGA LDFL 420110820 PM10-PRI 40.7250

Berks NEW MORGAN LDFL CO I/CONESTOGA LDFL 420110820 PM25-PRI 9.3750

Berks NEW MORGAN LDFL CO I/CONESTOGA LDFL 420110820 SO2 14.2800

Berks NEW MORGAN LDFL CO I/CONESTOGA LDFL 420110820 VOC 23.1840

Berks PA DPW/HAMBURG CTR 420110431 CO 0.9868

Berks PA DPW/HAMBURG CTR 420110431 NH3 0.0483

Berks PA DPW/HAMBURG CTR 420110431 NOx 11.5353

Berks PA DPW/HAMBURG CTR 420110431 PM10-PRI 1.0814

Berks PA DPW/HAMBURG CTR 420110431 PM25-PRI 0.9141

Berks PA DPW/HAMBURG CTR 420110431 SO2 29.0036

Berks PA DPW/HAMBURG CTR 420110431 VOC 0.2487

Berks PA DPW/WERNERSVILLE STATE HOSP 420110471 CO 1.3445

Berks PA DPW/WERNERSVILLE STATE HOSP 420110471 NOx 20.1672

Berks PA DPW/WERNERSVILLE STATE HOSP 420110471 PM10-PRI 5.8650

Berks PA DPW/WERNERSVILLE STATE HOSP 420110471 PM25-PRI 4.0060

Berks PA DPW/WERNERSVILLE STATE HOSP 420110471 SO2 59.8930

Berks PA DPW/WERNERSVILLE STATE HOSP 420110471 VOC 0.6740

Berks PA STATE SYS OF HIGHER ED/KUTZTOWN UNIV OF PA 420110008 CO 3.4003

Berks PA STATE SYS OF HIGHER ED/KUTZTOWN UNIV OF PA 420110008 NH3 0.0092

Berks PA STATE SYS OF HIGHER ED/KUTZTOWN UNIV OF PA 420110008 NOx 44.5991

Berks PA STATE SYS OF HIGHER ED/KUTZTOWN UNIV OF PA 420110008 PM10-PRI 32.8170

Berks PA STATE SYS OF HIGHER ED/KUTZTOWN UNIV OF PA 420110008 PM25-PRI 27.6432

Berks PA STATE SYS OF HIGHER ED/KUTZTOWN UNIV OF PA 420110008 SO2 100.7387

Berks PA STATE SYS OF HIGHER ED/KUTZTOWN UNIV OF PA 420110008 VOC 0.7061

Berks PACKAGING GROUP/BOYERTOWN PRINTING PLT 420110084 CO 0.4774

Berks PACKAGING GROUP/BOYERTOWN PRINTING PLT 420110084 NH3 0.0465

Berks PACKAGING GROUP/BOYERTOWN PRINTING PLT 420110084 NOx 1.4526

Berks PACKAGING GROUP/BOYERTOWN PRINTING PLT 420110084 PM10-PRI 0.0437

Berks PACKAGING GROUP/BOYERTOWN PRINTING PLT 420110084 PM25-PRI 0.0437

Berks PACKAGING GROUP/BOYERTOWN PRINTING PLT 420110084 SO2 0.0087

Berks PACKAGING GROUP/BOYERTOWN PRINTING PLT 420110084 VOC 39.9705

Berks READING BODY WORKS I/READING 420110089 CO 0.7513

Berks READING BODY WORKS I/READING 420110089 NH3 0.0490

Berks READING BODY WORKS I/READING 420110089 NOx 2.7944

Berks READING BODY WORKS I/READING 420110089 PM10-PRI 0.0650

Berks READING BODY WORKS I/READING 420110089 PM25-PRI 0.0634

Berks READING BODY WORKS I/READING 420110089 SO2 0.0502

Berks READING BODY WORKS I/READING 420110089 VOC 48.5417

Page 7PM 2.5 SIP

READING NONATTAINMENT AREA

COUNTY FACILITY FACIL ID POLL 2002 TPY

Berks READING HOUSING AUTH/OAKBROOK 420110066 CO 0.5663

Berks READING HOUSING AUTH/OAKBROOK 420110066 NH3 0.0906

Berks READING HOUSING AUTH/OAKBROOK 420110066 NOx 5.3227

Berks READING HOUSING AUTH/OAKBROOK 420110066 PM10-PRI 1.1497

Berks READING HOUSING AUTH/OAKBROOK 420110066 PM25-PRI 1.0439

Berks READING HOUSING AUTH/OAKBROOK 420110066 SO2 16.8838

Berks READING HOUSING AUTH/OAKBROOK 420110066 VOC 0.0317

Berks READING TERMINALS CO/SINKING SPRING TERMINAL 420110106 VOC 0.6000

Berks RELIANT ENERGY MID A/TITUS ELECTRIC GEN STA 420110045 CO 119.0095

Berks RELIANT ENERGY MID A/TITUS ELECTRIC GEN STA 420110045 NH3 0.1538

Berks RELIANT ENERGY MID A/TITUS ELECTRIC GEN STA 420110045 NOx 1,799.6183

Berks RELIANT ENERGY MID A/TITUS ELECTRIC GEN STA 420110045 PM10-PRI 213.1846

Berks RELIANT ENERGY MID A/TITUS ELECTRIC GEN STA 420110045 PM25-PRI 82.6337

Berks RELIANT ENERGY MID A/TITUS ELECTRIC GEN STA 420110045 SO2 ##########

Berks RELIANT ENERGY MID A/TITUS ELECTRIC GEN STA 420110045 VOC 14.0390

Berks ROEBERG ENTERPRISES/YORGEYS CLNRS 420111018 CO 0.5456

Berks ROEBERG ENTERPRISES/YORGEYS CLNRS 420111018 NH3 0.0032

Berks ROEBERG ENTERPRISES/YORGEYS CLNRS 420111018 NOx 0.6496

Berks ROEBERG ENTERPRISES/YORGEYS CLNRS 420111018 PM10-PRI 0.0195

Berks ROEBERG ENTERPRISES/YORGEYS CLNRS 420111018 PM25-PRI 0.0195

Berks ROEBERG ENTERPRISES/YORGEYS CLNRS 420111018 SO2 0.0039

Berks ROEBERG ENTERPRISES/YORGEYS CLNRS 420111018 VOC 22.8957

Berks SCRANTON ALTOONA TER/SINKING SPRING TERMINAL 420110105 CO 0.0347

Berks SCRANTON ALTOONA TER/SINKING SPRING TERMINAL 420110105 NOx 0.2000

Berks SCRANTON ALTOONA TER/SINKING SPRING TERMINAL 420110105 PM10-PRI 0.0113

Berks SCRANTON ALTOONA TER/SINKING SPRING TERMINAL 420110105 PM25-PRI 0.0106

Berks SCRANTON ALTOONA TER/SINKING SPRING TERMINAL 420110105 SO2 0.0106

Berks SCRANTON ALTOONA TER/SINKING SPRING TERMINAL 420110105 VOC 26.1086

Berks SEALED AIR CORP/READING PLT 420110637 CO 3.5809

Berks SEALED AIR CORP/READING PLT 420110637 NH3 0.3300

Berks SEALED AIR CORP/READING PLT 420110637 NOx 13.8830

Berks SEALED AIR CORP/READING PLT 420110637 PM10-PRI 2.9099

Berks SEALED AIR CORP/READING PLT 420110637 PM25-PRI 2.6501

Berks SEALED AIR CORP/READING PLT 420110637 SO2 37.4344

Berks SEALED AIR CORP/READING PLT 420110637 VOC 0.2404

Berks SENSIENT COLORS INC/GIBRALTAR 420110080 CO 9.8704

Berks SENSIENT COLORS INC/GIBRALTAR 420110080 NH3 0.3686

Berks SENSIENT COLORS INC/GIBRALTAR 420110080 NOx 8.2459

Berks SENSIENT COLORS INC/GIBRALTAR 420110080 PM10-PRI 17.7107

Berks SENSIENT COLORS INC/GIBRALTAR 420110080 PM25-PRI 17.2293

Page 8PM 2.5 SIP

READING NONATTAINMENT AREA

COUNTY FACILITY FACIL ID POLL 2002 TPY

Berks SENSIENT COLORS INC/GIBRALTAR 420110080 SO2 0.0708

Berks SENSIENT COLORS INC/GIBRALTAR 420110080 VOC 0.7140

Berks SFS INTEC/WYOMISSING 420110111 CO 0.5422

Berks SFS INTEC/WYOMISSING 420110111 NH3 0.0207

Berks SFS INTEC/WYOMISSING 420110111 NOx 0.8489

Berks SFS INTEC/WYOMISSING 420110111 PM10-PRI 0.0192

Berks SFS INTEC/WYOMISSING 420110111 PM25-PRI 0.0192

Berks SFS INTEC/WYOMISSING 420110111 SO2 0.0038

Berks SFS INTEC/WYOMISSING 420110111 VOC 27.9511

Berks STERICYCLE INC/MORGANTOWN FACILITY 420110370 CO 0.3757

Berks STERICYCLE INC/MORGANTOWN FACILITY 420110370 NOx 2.9310

Berks STERICYCLE INC/MORGANTOWN FACILITY 420110370 PM10-PRI 0.0704

Berks STERICYCLE INC/MORGANTOWN FACILITY 420110370 PM25-PRI 0.0704

Berks STERICYCLE INC/MORGANTOWN FACILITY 420110370 SO2 0.1016

Berks STERICYCLE INC/MORGANTOWN FACILITY 420110370 VOC 0.0293

Berks STROEHMANN BAKERIES LC/MAIERS PLANT-READING 420110097 CO 2.0226

Berks STROEHMANN BAKERIES LC/MAIERS PLANT-READING 420110097 NH3 0.0452

Berks STROEHMANN BAKERIES LC/MAIERS PLANT-READING 420110097 NOx 2.3924

Berks STROEHMANN BAKERIES LC/MAIERS PLANT-READING 420110097 PM10-PRI 0.1446

Berks STROEHMANN BAKERIES LC/MAIERS PLANT-READING 420110097 PM25-PRI 0.0811

Berks STROEHMANN BAKERIES LC/MAIERS PLANT-READING 420110097 SO2 0.0684

Berks STROEHMANN BAKERIES LC/MAIERS PLANT-READING 420110097 VOC 3.1595

Berks SUN PIPE LINE/MONTELLO PUMP STATION 420110170 CO 0.1250

Berks SUN PIPE LINE/MONTELLO PUMP STATION 420110170 NH3 0.0200

Berks SUN PIPE LINE/MONTELLO PUMP STATION 420110170 NOx 0.6000

Berks SUN PIPE LINE/MONTELLO PUMP STATION 420110170 PM10-PRI 0.0270

Berks SUN PIPE LINE/MONTELLO PUMP STATION 420110170 PM25-PRI 0.0242

Berks SUN PIPE LINE/MONTELLO PUMP STATION 420110170 SO2 0.7180

Berks SUN PIPE LINE/MONTELLO PUMP STATION 420110170 VOC 51.8785

Berks SUNOCO PARTNERS MKT & TERM LP/MONTELLO 420110237 VOC 20.2900

Berks TEXAS EASTERN TRANS/BECHTELSVILLE 420110088 CO 36.5000

Berks TEXAS EASTERN TRANS/BECHTELSVILLE 420110088 NOx 181.2600

Berks TEXAS EASTERN TRANS/BECHTELSVILLE 420110088 PM10-PRI 2.1400

Berks TEXAS EASTERN TRANS/BECHTELSVILLE 420110088 PM25-PRI 2.1400

Berks TEXAS EASTERN TRANS/BECHTELSVILLE 420110088 SO2 1.5400

Berks TEXAS EASTERN TRANS/BECHTELSVILLE 420110088 VOC 8.5600

Berks TEXAS EASTERN TRANS/BERNVILLE STA 420110087 CO 11.3800

Berks TEXAS EASTERN TRANS/BERNVILLE STA 420110087 NOx 156.8500

Berks TEXAS EASTERN TRANS/BERNVILLE STA 420110087 PM10-PRI 2.0400

Berks TEXAS EASTERN TRANS/BERNVILLE STA 420110087 PM25-PRI 2.0400

Page 9PM 2.5 SIP

READING NONATTAINMENT AREA

COUNTY FACILITY FACIL ID POLL 2002 TPY

Berks TEXAS EASTERN TRANS/BERNVILLE STA 420110087 SO2 1.4800

Berks TEXAS EASTERN TRANS/BERNVILLE STA 420110087 VOC 13.1700

Berks TURSACK PRINTING INC/CAERNARVON TWP 420111032 VOC 16.0021

Berks UNITED CORRSTACK LLC/READING 420110473 CO 29.0000

Berks UNITED CORRSTACK LLC/READING 420110473 NH3 1.1048

Berks UNITED CORRSTACK LLC/READING 420110473 NOx 34.5238

Berks UNITED CORRSTACK LLC/READING 420110473 PM10-PRI 2.6238

Berks UNITED CORRSTACK LLC/READING 420110473 PM25-PRI 2.6238

Berks UNITED CORRSTACK LLC/READING 420110473 SO2 0.2071

Berks UNITED CORRSTACK LLC/READING 420110473 VOC 1.8988

Berks WILLIAMS METALFINISHING/SINKING SPRING 420112001 CO 0.1000

Berks WILLIAMS METALFINISHING/SINKING SPRING 420112001 NOx 0.1000

Berks WILLIAMS METALFINISHING/SINKING SPRING 420112001 PM10-PRI 4.4022

Berks WILLIAMS METALFINISHING/SINKING SPRING 420112001 PM25-PRI 4.4022

Berks WILLIAMS METALFINISHING/SINKING SPRING 420112001 VOC 7.6000

Berks YUASA BATTERY INC/LAURELDALE 420110090 CO 1.0000

Berks YUASA BATTERY INC/LAURELDALE 420110090 NH3 0.0784

Berks YUASA BATTERY INC/LAURELDALE 420110090 NOx 4.5900

Berks YUASA BATTERY INC/LAURELDALE 420110090 PM10-PRI 0.8500

Berks YUASA BATTERY INC/LAURELDALE 420110090 PM25-PRI 0.8092

Berks YUASA BATTERY INC/LAURELDALE 420110090 SO2 0.0200

Berks YUASA BATTERY INC/LAURELDALE 420110090 VOC 0.3400

Page 10

# APPENDIX A 3

BERKS COUNTY

FACILITY ANNUAL EMISSIONS

2007, 2017, 2025

(Provided in Electronic Form Only)

Bureau of Air Quality
Department of Environmental Protection

### [ This page blank intentionally left blank

. ]

# APPENDIX A 4

BERKS COUNTY

BANKED EMISSIONS REDUCTION CREDITS

(Provided in Electronic Form Only)

Bureau of Air Quality
Department of Environmental Protection

### [ This page blank intentionally left blank

. ]

# APPENDIX B 1

AREA METHODS

Bureau of Air Quality
Department of Environmental Protection

### [ This page blank intentionally left blank

. ]

# PECHAN

5528

- B Hempstead Way

Springfield, VA 22151

703

- 813

- 6700 telephone

703

- 813

- 6729 facsimile

3622 Lyckan Parkway

Suite 2002

Durham, NC 27707

919

- 493

- 3144 telephone

919

- 493

- 3182 facsimile

P.O. Box 1575

Shingle Springs, CA 95682

5 30

- 672

- 0441 telephone

530

- 672

- 0504 facsimile 

## P ENNSYLVANIA 

## 2002

A REA 

## S OURCE 

## C RITERIA



## A IR 

## P OLLUTANT



## E MISSION 

## E STIMATION



## M ETHODS

Prepared for:

Pennsylvania Department of

Environmental Protection

Bureau of Air Quality

P.O. Box 2357

Harrisburg, PA 1 7105

- 2357

Prepared by:

E.H. Pechan & Associates, Inc.

3622 Lyckan Parkway

Suite 2002

Durham, NC 27707

Contract No. SP3580003990

Work Order 9

February 2004

Pechan Rpt. No. 04.02.006/9420.109iii 

### CONTENTS

Page

AREA SOURCE DEFINITION

................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ .... 1

METHODS FOR ESTIMATING AREA SOURCE ACTIVITY AND EMISSIONS

................................ .................. 1
Control Efficiency (CE)

................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ........... 3

Rule Penetration (RP)

................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ............... 3

Rule Effectiveness (RE)

................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ........... 3

Seasonal Emission Calculations

................................ ................................ ................................ ............................... 4

Point Source Subtractions

................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ........ 5

AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION

– ANIMAL HUSBANDRY

................................ ................................ ................ 9

AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION

– CROPS (Fertilizer Application) (14 SCCs)

................................ ...................... 9

ARCHITECTURAL SURFACE COATING (SCC 2401001000)

................................ ................................ ................ 9

ASPHALT PAVING (2 SCCs)

................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ .... 10

AUTOMOTIVE REFINISHING (SCC 2401005000)

................................ ................................ ................................ . 12

BAKERIES (SCC 2302050000)

................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ .. 13

BREWERIES (SCC 2302070001)

................................ ................................ ................................ .............................. 14

COAL COMBUSTION (6 SCCs)

................................ ................................ ................................ ............................... 16

COMMERCIAL AND CONSU MER SOLVENT USE (SCC 2465000000)

................................ .............................. 20

COMMERCIAL COOKING (5 SCCs)

................................ ................................ ................................ ....................... 21

COMPOSTING (3 SCCs)

................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ............ 22

DEGREASING (4 SCCs)

................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ............ 23

DRY CLEANERS (SCC 2420000370)

................................ ................................ ................................ ....................... 24

ELECTRICAL APPLIANCES (SCC 2401060000)

................................ ................................ ................................ .... 25

ELECTRICAL INSULATION (SCC 2401065000)

................................ ................................ ................................ .... 26

FACTORY FINISHED WOOD (SCC 2401015000)

................................ ................................ ................................ .. 27

FOREST FIRES (SCC 2810001000)

................................ ................................ ................................ .......................... 27

FUEL OIL COMBUSTION (3 SCCs)

................................ ................................ ................................ ......................... 28

GASOLINE MARKETING (5 SCCs)

................................ ................................ ................................ ......................... 32

GRAPHIC ARTS (SCC 2425000000)

................................ ................................ ................................ ........................ 36

HIGH PERFORMANCE INDUSTRIAL MAINTENANCE SOLVENT (SCC 2401100000)

................................ ... 36

KEROSENE (2 SCCs)

................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ................. 37

LANDFILLS (SCC 2620030000)

................................ ................................ ................................ ............................... 40

MACHINERY AND EQUIPMENT (SCC 2401055000)

................................ ................................ ........................... 41

MARINE COATING (SCC 2401080000)

................................ ................................ ................................ .................. 42

METAL CANS (SCC 2401040000)

................................ ................................ ................................ ............................ 42

METAL FURN ITURE AND FIXTURES (SCC 2401025000)

................................ ................................ ................... 43

MISCELLANEOUS FINISHED METAL (SCC 2401050000)

................................ ................................ .................. 44

MISCELLANEOUS MANUFACTURING (SCC 2401090 000)

................................ ................................ ................ 45

NATURAL GAS AND LIQUIFIED PETROLEUM GAS (LPG) (4 SCCs)

................................ ............................... 45

OPEN BURNING (5 SCCs)

................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ........ 51

OTHER SPECIAL PURPOSE COATING (SCC 2401200000)

................................ ................................ ................. 54

OTHER TRANSPORTATION (SCC 2401085000)

................................ ................................ ................................ ... 55

PESTICIDE APPLICATION (SCC 2461800000)

................................ ................................ ................................ ...... 56

PORTABLE GASOLINE CONTAINERS (SCC 2501060300)

................................ ................................ .................. 56

REFRIGERANT LOSSES (SCC 2399010000)

................................ ................................ ................................ .......... 58

PUBLIC OWNED TREATMENT WORKS (3 SCCs)

................................ ................................ ............................... 59

RESIDENTIAL WOOD COMBUSTION (7 SCCs)

................................ ................................ ................................ ... 60

SOLID WASTE INCINERATION (2 SCCs)

................................ ................................ ................................ .............. 61

STRUCTURE FIRES (SCC 2810030000)

................................ ................................ ................................ .................. 64

TRAFFIC LINE PAINTING (SCC 2401008000)

................................ ................................ ................................ ....... 65

WINERIES (SCC 2302070005)

................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ .. 66

WOOD FURNITURE MANUFACTURING (SCC 2401020000)

................................ ................................ .............. 67

APPENDIX A: REFERENCES

................................ ................................ ................................ .............................. 1iv [This page intentionally left blank.]1



### AREA SOURCE DEFINITION

For emission inventory development purposes, the term “area sources” traditionally refers to

stationar y air pollutant emission sources that are not inventoried at the facility

- level. While point

sources are inventoried individually, area sources are typically inventoried at the county level

( Introduction to Area Source Emission Inventory Development Volum e III: Chapter 1 ). 1



### Gasoline stations and dry cleaning establishments are often treated as both point and area

sources. The main reason they are not exclusively treated as point sources is that the effort

required to gather data and estimate emissions for each individual facility is very great, while

emissions per facility are generally small. For these sources, a cut

- off point, typically based on

annual emissions, usually defines the distinction between point and area. The Consolidated

Emissions Reporti ng Rule (CERR) specifies reporting criteria air pollutant (CAP) thresholds for

point and area sources, which vary depending on the pollutant and the attainment status of a

county (see http://www. epa.gov/ttn/chief/cerr/index.html ).

Individual emissions sources are grouped with other like sources into source categories. These

source categories are grouped in such a way that they can be estimated collectively using one

methodology. Most area sourc e categories do not have an analogue in the point source inventory.

Pesticide use and commercial/consumer product use are such examples. The boundaries of the

individual activities associated with these sources are often hard to determine or are, at best

, arbitrary. Even within a point source facility, some activities occur that are more easily treated as

area source emissions. Some emissions associated with surface coating operations such as

equipment cleaning, for example, can be more practically esti mated using area source methods

even though other surface coating operations may be reported as part of the point source

inventory.

METHODS FOR ESTIMATING AREA SOURCE ACTIVITY AND EMISSIONS

Area source emissions are generally estimated by multiplying an emission factor by some known

indicator or collective activity for each area source category at the county level. Several

methodologies are available for estimating area source activity levels and emissions. For this

2002 area source inventory, estimates were derived by (1) treating area sources as point sources,

(2) obtaining county

- level activity data, (3) apportioning national or statewide activity data to

counties, (4) use of per capita emission factors, and (5) use of per employee emission factors.

Each approach has distinct advantages and disadvantages as discussed below.

Small sources that would normally be treated as area sources may be handled as point sources for

several reasons. First, county level activity data may not be readily determinabl e for certain

source categories. Municipal landfills provide an example of this situation.

For some source categories, county activity estimates were available. For example, monthly

wine production data for 2002 were available by county from the Pennsyl vania Liquor Control2



### Board. If county activity data were not available, Commonwealth totals were apportioned to

counties using data for a surrogate of the emissions activity. For example, the quantity of

highway gasoline consumed in the Commonwealth was apportioned to the county level on the

basis of vehicle miles traveled per county. Residential, commercial, and industrial fuel

combustion were other categories that were handled in this manner. The major drawbacks of this

approach are that additional da ta and resources are needed to apportion activity levels to the local

level, and accuracy is lost in the process. If Commonwealth level data were not available, then

national data were used in a similar manner.

Sources in certain area source categories w ere not only numerous and diffuse, but were too

difficult to inventory by any of the above procedures. As an example, solvent evaporation from

consumer and commercial products such as waxes, aerosol products and window cleaners cannot

be routinely determi ned by DEP. In addition, it would be resource

- intensive to develop and

implement a survey that would yield such information. Per capita or per employee emission

factors are used to estimate emissions for these source categories. The use of per capita em ission

factors is based on the assumption that, for a given source category, emission activity can be

reasonably associated with population. This assumption is valid over broad areas for certain

categories such as Architectural Surface Coating and solvent evaporation from Consumer and

Commercial Products.

For categories that rely on a per capita emission factor, county population estimates for 2002

were obtained from the U.S. Bureau of the Census. W hen emissions are calculated from per

employee emission factors, county

- level employment data for 2002 were estimated from a

combination of two sources. Because county employment data for 2002 will not be available

from the Bureau of the Census’ County Business Patterns (CBP) until April 2004, 2001 data for

th e appropriate North American Industrial Classification System (NAICS) codes were obtained

from the 2001 CBP 2 

### and projected to 2002 using the Commonwealth

- level 2001 to 2002

employment change for the appropriate NAICS codes. The Commonwealth

- level employme nt

data were obtained at the NAICS code level from the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics. 3



### In some cases, the Census does not report the number of employees in the separate counties

within the Commonwealth for each category were employ ment value for a parti cular NAICS

code/county combination because available ,but , of confidentiality concerns. In these cases, the

Census provides employment data as a range (e.g., between 20 and 99 employees) , the . When a

precise number of employees was not available from C BP, an initial estimate was developed

based on the mid

- point of the reported range (e.g., 60 employees was used for the 20 to 99

employment range). For a given NAICS code, the mid

- point estimates were then adjusted up or

down to yield the Commonwealth

- lev el employment for that NAICS code as reported in the

CBP. The adjustments were computed by first calculating the difference between the

Commonwealth

- level CBP employment and the total of the employment values for counties for

which actual employment value s were reported in the CBP. The resulting value represents

employment for the counties for which the CBP reports an employment range value. This value

was then divided by the sum of the mid

- point employment estimates for the counties for which

employment was reported as a range. The resulting ratio was multiplied by the mid

- point3



### estimates to yield the final county employment estimates. The calculation spreadsheets provide

each of the steps used in this estimation procedure.

Control Efficiency (CE)

Co ntrol efficiency is the emission reduction percentage associated with a control device, process

change or reformulation. Control efficiencies can vary widely by source within an area source

category. Area source control efficiency values represent the we ighted average control for the

category.

Rule Penetration (RP)

Because lower

- emitting sources within a source category may not be covered by a regulation, it is

important to reflect the extent to which total source category emissions are affected. Rule

penetration represents the percentage of total source category emissions that are affected by a

regulation.

Rule Effectiveness (RE)

Rule effectiveness is a factor used to adjust the control efficiency to account for failures and

uncertainties that affect the actual performance of the control. For example, control equipment

performance may be adversely affected by age of the equipment, lack of maintenance, or

improper use. With the exception of Federal regulations, a default RE value of 80 percent was

ap plied when information was not available to substantiate the true RE value. 1 

### An RE of 100

percent was applied to all Federal regulations that require national compliance.

The RE factor is applied to the esti mated control efficiency in the calculation of emissions from a

source. The formula for the application of CE, RP, and RE is displayed below:

Uncontrolled Emissions = 50 pounds per day

Control Efficiency = 90 percent

Rule Penetration = 60 percent

Rule Effectiveness = 80 percent

Controlled Emissions = Uncontrolled Emissions × (1

– CE/100 × RP/100 × RE/100)

Controlled Emissions = 50 × (1

– 0.9 × 0.6 × 0.8) = 50 × (1

– 0.432) = 28.4 pounds per day

An RE and/or RP value can substantially increase emissi on estimates when high control

efficiencies are involved. For example, if RP was not applied in the above example (equivalent

to a 100 percent RP assumption), then estimated emissions are:

Controlled Emissions = 50 × (1

– 0.9 × 0.8) = 50 × (1

– 0.72) = 1 4 pounds per day.4



### Seasonal Emission Calculations

Area source emissions are typically prepared first on an annual basis because activity data are

generally only available on an annual basis. The recently promulgated Consolidated Emissions

Reporting Rule (CERR) requires States to submit county

- level area source CAP emission

inventories to EPA for three temporal periods: annual, summer season work weekday, and

winter season work weekday (the latter for carbon monoxide and particulate matter emissions

only) . Summer season work weekday emission inventories are needed to support planning for

ozone NAAQS attainment. The summer season refers to the peak ozone season months of June,

July, and August. Winter season work weekday emission inventories are used to support carbon

monoxide (CO) NAAQS attainment planning. The winter season refers to January, February,

and December of the same year (e.g., 2002).

Seasonal emission estimates are calculated by adjusting the annual inventory to reflect activity

during the summer and winter season. Summer work weekday and winter work weekday

emissions are calculated by multiplying annual emissions by the appropriate allocation factor.

For most source categories, summer and winter work weekday allocation factors were devel oped
from default monthly and weekly profiles available from EPA’s Emissions Modeling

ClearingHouse (EMCH). 4



### The EMCH provides 807 different monthly profiles and 45 different weekly profiles. The first

step in developing summer allocation factors was t o compute summer monthly ratios by dividing

the sum of the June, July, and August monthly profile values by the total of the twelve monthly

profile values. Winter monthly ratios were calculated in a similar manner, except monthly

profile values for Januar y, February, and December were incorporated into the calculation.

Weekday profile values were computed by dividing the sum of the Monday through Friday

weekly profile values by the total profile value for the entire week.

Summer work weekday allocation f actors were calculated by multiplying the summer monthly

ratios by the appropriate weekday ratio and then dividing the result by 65 (the number of work

weekdays in the summer of 2002). In a like manner, winter work weekday allocation factors

were computed by multiplying winter monthly ratios by the appropriate weekday ratio and

dividing by 65 (the number of work weekdays in the winter of 2002).

These allocation factors were then matched to area source classification codes (SCCs) via a

crosswalk between SC Cs and temporal profiles available from EPA’s EMCH. Annual emissions

for each SCC/county/pollutant combination were then multiplied by the appropriate summer

work weekday allocation factor to yield summer work weekday emissions. Winter work

weekday emiss ions were calculated for categories emitting CO and/or PM. Similar to the

summer calculations, annual CO and PM emissions were multiplied by the appropriate winter

work weekday allocation factor to yield winter work weekday emissions.

For source categori es for which actual monthly/seasonal activity data were available (e.g.,

Residential Natural Gas Combustion, Structure Fires, and Wineries), summer and winter season

allocation factors were calculated from the available activity data. The following presen ts5



### sample calculations performed to develop the summer work weekday allocation factor for

Bakeries. The individual source category methodology sections present the calculations
performed to compute each category’s seasonal emission estimates.

SAMPLE CALC ULATION OF SUMMER SEASON WORK WEEKDAY ALLOCATION FACTOR:

Bakeries (SCC 2302050000)

Summer Work Weekday Allocation Factor = 0.25 × 0.715  65 = 0.00275

For source categories for which actual seasonal emi ssions activity data were available (e.g.,

Residential Natural Gas Combustion, Structure Fires, and Wineries), the summer and winter

season allocation factors were developed from these activity data.

Point Source Subtractions

Source categories can appear in both the area source and point source inventory. For example,

emissions from large dry cleaning establishments may be included in the point source inventory,

while emissions from smaller dry cleaners (below some specified cutoff) are included in the a rea source inventory. When a point source inventory and an area source inventory include emissions

from the same process, the area source emission estimates are adjusted to avoid double

- counting.

Although many area source categories (e.g., Architectural Surface Coating) do not have

companion point source categories, there are many source categories in the area source inventory

for which emissions are reported in the Pennsylvania point source inventory (see Table 1). For

these source categories, point sou rce emissions are subtracted from total emission estimates to

yield area source emissions. Ideally, this adjustment would occur in the area source emission

calculation by subtracting point source emission activity (throughput) from total emission

activity as shown below.6



### However, the Pennsylvania point source inventory does not report throughput for most sources.

Therefore, it was necessary to calculate the point source subtractions using total and point source

emission estimates as identified below.

where:

p = pollutant

Separate point source inventories were developed for Allegheny and Philadelphia counties and

for all other counties. Except for ammonia and lead, the Allegheny inventory reports annual

emissions for all pollutants included in the area source inventory. These pollutants are also

missing from the Philadelphia County annual inventory. Unlike the Allegheny inventory, the

Philadelphia County inventory does not report PM emissions on a filt erable and condensable

basis, but rather on a primary basis. The inventory for the remaining counties reports annual

emissions for the same pollutants as the Philadelphia County inventory, with the exception of

primary PM 2.5 

### (PM25

- PRI), which is not repor ted for the remaining counties. Given the different

ways in which PM emissions are reported in the 2002 Pennsylvania point source inventory, it

was necessary to develop PM emissions on a consistent basis to facilitate the point source

subtractions. There fore, for Allegheny County, Pechan summed the condensable and the

filterable PM emissions to obtain PM10

- PRI and PM25

- PRI emission values for use in the point

source subtractions.

Although the point source inventories also report winter and summer day emi ssions, these

estimates were not used in the point source subtractions. The annual emission estimates were

used in the subtractions because it is not clear if every point source facility that would have

emissions during the summer/winter have these emissi ons reported in the inventory. For

example, there are only 14 records with winter day NO

x 

### emissions in the point source inventory,

while there are over 4,000 records with annual NO

x 

### emissions reported in the inventory.

To facilitate the point source subt ractions, the annual emission records for all point SCCs

associated with an area source category were summed to the county level. Because PA DEP

indicated that point source subtractions should be applied to the Machinery and Equipment

Solvent Coating area source category by subtracting point source emission records associated

with the combination of point SCCs 40202501, 40202502, and 40202599 and SIC code 3531, it

was also necessary to compile county level annual emissions for these records. In addition,

because these point SCCs are also associated with the Miscellaneous Finished Metals Surface

Coating area source category, it was necessary to compile county

- level annual emissions for all

point source records with these SCCs that are not associated with SI C code 3531.

The county

- level point source annual emissions were then subtracted from the area source

category annual emissions using an area source category

- to

- point source category crosswalk

developed for this project. Note that in keeping with EIIP gu idance, when the resulting area

source emission estimate was negative, the area source emission value was set to zero. In

addition, when the PM10

- PRI emission estimate resulted in a zero value, then the companion7



### PM25

- PRI emission estimate was set to zero for consistency. In addition to setting PM25

- PRI

emissions to zero when PM10

- PRI emissions were zero, we also set PM25

- PRI emissions to

PM10

- PRI emissions when PM25

- PRI emissions were greater than PM10

- PRI emissions, after

the point source subtractions w ere performed. Finally, the summer and winter season work

weekday emission estimates were updated by multiplying the revised annual emission estimate

by the appropriate winter season and/or summer season work weekday allocation factors. The

following pre sents sample point source NO

x 

### emission subtraction calculations for the

Commercial/Institutional Bituminous/Subbituminous Coal Combustion category (SCC

2103002000).

The following individual sections describe the annual and seasona l emission estimation

methodology for each area source category. Each section contains a brief description of the
source category, identifies whether the category’s emission estimates were subject to point source

emission subtractions, and presents sample emission calculations (point source subtractions are

not included in these sample calculations). All referenced sources are displayed in Appendix A.8 

### Table 1. Area Source Inventory Categories with Point Source Emission Subtractions

SCC SCC1DESC SCC3DESC SCC6DESC SCC8DESC

2102001000 Stationary Source Fuel Combustion Industrial Anthracite Coal Total: All Boiler Types

2102002000 Stationary Source Fuel Combustion Industrial Bituminous/Subbituminous Coal Total: All Boiler Types

2103001000 Stationary Source Fuel Combustion Commercial/Institutional Anthracite Coal Total: All Boiler Types

2103002000 Stationary Source Fuel Combustion Commercial/Institutional Bituminous/Subbituminous Coal Total: All Boiler Types

2103004000 Stationary Source Fuel Combustion Com mercial/Institutional Distillate Oil Total: Boilers and IC Engines

2103005000 Stationary Source Fuel Combustion Commercial/Institutional Residual Oil Total: All Boiler Types

2103006000 Stationary Source Fuel Combustion Commercial/Institutional Natural Ga s Total: Boilers and IC Engines

2103007000 Stationary Source Fuel Combustion Commercial/Institutional Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) Total: All Combustor Types

2302050000 Industrial Processes Food and Kindred Products: SIC 20 Bakery Products Total

230207 0001 Industrial Processes Food and Kindred Products: SIC 20 Fermentation/Beverages Breweries

2401015000 Solvent Utilization Surface Coating Factory Finished Wood: SIC 2426 thru 242 Total: All Solvent Types

2401020000 Solvent Utilization Surface Coating W ood Furniture: SIC 25 Total: All Solvent Types

2401025000 Solvent Utilization Surface Coating Metal Furniture: SIC 25 Total: All Solvent Types

2401040000 Solvent Utilization Surface Coating Metal Cans: SIC 341 Total: All Solvent Types

2401050000 Solvent Utilization Surface Coating Miscellaneous Finished Metals: SIC 34

- (341 + 3498) Total: All Solvent Types

2401055000 Solvent Utilization Surface Coating Machinery and Equipment: SIC 35 Total: All Solvent Types

2401060000 Solvent Utilization Surface Coat ing Large Appliances: SIC 363 Total: All Solvent Types

2401070000 Solvent Utilization Surface Coating Motor Vehicles: SIC 371 Total: All Solvent Types

2401080000 Solvent Utilization Surface Coating Marine: SIC 373 Total: All Solvent Types

2401085000 Sol vent Utilization Surface Coating Railroad: SIC 374 Total: All Solvent Types

2401090000 Solvent Utilization Surface Coating Miscellaneous Manufacturing Total: All Solvent Types

2415200000 Solvent Utilization Degreasing All Industries: Conveyerized Degreas ing Total: All Solvent Types

2415300000 Solvent Utilization Degreasing All Industries: Cold Cleaning Total: All Solvent Types

2420000370 Solvent Utilization Dry Cleaning All Processes Special Naphthas

2425000000 Solvent Utilization Graphic Arts All Proc esses Total: All Solvent Types

2501060053 Storage and Transport Petroleum and Petroleum Product Storage Gasoline Service Stations Stage 1: Balanced Submerged Filling

2501060101 Storage and Transport Petroleum and Petroleum Product Storage Gasoline Servic e Stations Stage 2: Displacement Loss/Uncontrolled

2501060102 Storage and Transport Petroleum and Petroleum Product Storage Gasoline Service Stations Stage 2: Displacement Loss/Controlled

2601010000 Waste Disposal, Treatment, and

Recovery On

- site Inciner ation Industrial Total

2601020000 Waste Disposal, Treatment, and

Recovery On

- site Incineration Commercial/Institutional Total

2620030000 Waste Disposal, Treatment, and

Recovery Landfills Municipal Total

2630020010 Waste Disposal, Treatment, and

Recovery Landfills Wastewater Treatment Processes Total9



### AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION

– ANIMAL HUSBANDRY

Emissions from livestock production come from such activities as confinement, manure handling

and storage, and land application of manure. Biogenic emission source calculations were derived
from EPA’s BEIS inventory system.

AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION

– CROPS (Fertilizer Application) (14 SCCs)

(Anhydrous Ammonia SCC 2801700001, Aqueous Ammonia SCC 2801700002, Nitrogen

Solutions SCC 2801700003, Urea SCC 2801700004, Ammo nium Nitrate SCC 2801700005,

Ammonium Sulfate SCC 2801700006, Ammonium Thiosulfate SCC 2801700007, N

- P

- K

(multi

- grade nutrient fertilizers) SCC 2801700010, Calcium Ammonium Nitrate SCC

2801700011, Potassium Nitrate SCC 2801700012, Diammonium Phosphate SCC 2801700013,
Monoammonium Phosphate SCC 2801700014, Liquid Ammonium Polyphosphate SCC

2801700015, Misc. Fertilizers SCC 2801700099)

Emissions from crops are primarily due to spreading of various fertilizers. Fertilizers spread on

fields that contribute to ammonia emissions include anhydrous ammonia, aqueous ammonia,

nitrogen solutions, urea, ammonium nitrate, calcium ammonia, and ammonium sulfate. Biogenic
emission source calculations were derived from EPA’s BEIS inventory system.

ARCHITECTURAL SURFACE C OATING (SCC 2401001000)

Architectural surface coatings are used by homeowners and painting contractors to coat the

interior and exterior of buildings and other structures. The coatings are applied by spray, brush,

or roller and dry or cure at ambient cond itions. The VOC emissions from this source category
result from the evaporation of the paint and cleanup solvents. Each county’s emissions are

calculated using a per capita emission factor and U.S. Bureau of the Census 2002 population

data. The Federal architectural surface coating regulations call for a 20 percent reduction in the

solvent content of architectural surface coatings manufactured after September 1999. 5 

### Therefore,

a 20 percent CE is applied in the 2002 inventory.

The emission factor that i s used in this effort differs from that used for the 1999 area source

inventory. The new per capita emission factor was calculated using the Emission Inventory

Improvement Program (EIIP) methods for this category. National solvent

- and water

- based

coatin g per capita use factors were first calculated from 2002 national paint shipments 6 

### and 2002

national population data. 7 

### These factors were then combined with information on the average

volatile organic compound (VOC) content of these coatings to calculate per capita emission

factors as follows:

Water

- Based = 0.74 pounds VOC/gallon 8 

### × 589,527,000 gallons 6 

### /288,368,698 people 7



### = 1.5128 pounds VOC/person/year

Solvent

- Based = 3.87 pounds VOC/gallon 8 

### × 119,914,000 gallons 6 

### /288,368,698 people 7



### = 1.6093 pounds VOC/person/year10



### Final composite emission factor = 1.5128 + 1.6093 = 3.1 221 pounds VOC/person/year

SAMPLE VOC EMISSION CALCULATIONS:

where:

Emission Factor = 3.1221 lbs VOC/person/year

Population = 1,269,904 (Allegheny County) 7



### CE (Control Efficiency) = 20% 5



### RP (Rule Penetration) = 100%

RE (Rule Effectiveness) = 100%

Summer work weekday VOC emissions = annual VOC emissions  summer work weekday allocation factor

Summer work weekd

ay allocation factor = 0.00356 9

Summer work weekday VOC emissions = 1585.9069  0.00356 = 5.6484 tons VOC per day



### ASPHALT PAVING (2 SCCs)

There are two types of asphalt used for road paving and repair: cutback asphalt and emulsified

asphalt. VOC emiss ions result primarily from the curing of the applied material. The following

sections describe the two types of asphalt and identify the methods used to estimate emissions for

each type.

Cutback Asphalt (SCC 2461021000)

Cutback asphalt is used as a pave ment sealant, a tack coat, and a bonding agent between layers of
paving material. Cutback asphalt is prepared by blending or “cutting back” asphalt cement with

various blends of petroleum distillates. Emissions from cutback asphalt paving occur during th e curing of the road surface when petroleum distillates evaporate.

Annual VOC emissions from cutback asphalt paving were computed from information obtained

from the Pennsylvania Association of Asphalt Material Applicators (PAMA) on the amount of11



### cutback a sphalt applied in 2002 and the VOC content and density of the asphalt. 10 

### In addition, it

was assumed that 100 percent of cutback asphalt contained diluent and that 70 percent of the

diluent evaporates. 11 

### County emissions were estimated by multiplying State emissions by the ratio
of the each county’s bituminous paved lane mileage by the State’s bituminous paved lane

mileage. 12 

### Based on the State regulation prohibiting use of cutback asphalt during summer

months, there are no summer season work weekday emissi ons estimated for cutback asphalt. 13



### Emulsified Asphalt (SCC 2461022000)

Emulsified asphalt is a type of liquefied road surfacing material that is used in some of the same

applications as cutback asphalt. However, instead of blending asphalt cement with petroleum

distillates, emulsified asphalt uses a blend of water with an emulsifier.

Annual VOC emissions from emulsified asphalt paving were computed from information obtained

from the Pennsylvania Association of Asphalt Material Applicators on the amoun t of emulsified

asphalt applied in 2002, the VOC content and density of the asphalt, and the percentage of

emulsified asphalt containing diluent. 10 

### In addition, it was assumed that 100 percent of the

emulsif ied asphalt diluent evaporates. 11 

### County emissions were estimated by multiplying State
emissions by the ratio of the each county’s bituminous paved lane mileage by the State’s

bituminous paved lane mileage. 14 

### Annual emissions were allocated to the summer season work

weekday based on information from PAMA that emulsified asphalt is only applied from March 1

through October 31. 15 

### In addition, it was assumed that asphalt use is evenly distributed during

this pe riod and that paving is only performed on weekdays.

SAMPLE VOC EMISSION CALCULATIONS:

where:

Cutback Asphalt VOC Content = 35% 10



### Emulsified Asphalt VOC Content = 8% 10



### Cutback Asphalt VOC Density = 7.1 lbs/gallon 10



### Emulsified Asphalt VOC Density = 6.25 lbs/gallon 10



### 2002 PA Cutback Asphalt Use = 5,000,000 gallons 10



### 2002 PA Emulsified Asphalt Use = 15,000,000 gallons 10



### Bituminous Paved County Lane Miles = 2,538 miles (Allegheny) 14



### Bituminous Paved State Lane Miles = 83,227 miles 14



### % of Cutback Asphalt Diluent that Evaporates = 70% 11



### % of Emulsified Asphalt Containing Diluent = 50% 10



### % of Emulsified Asphalt Diluent that Evaporates = 100% 1112



### Cutback Asphalt VOC Emissions Calculation :

(Summer work weekday emi ssions are estimated as zero due to State prohibition on use during this

period) 13



### Emulsified Asphalt VOC Emissions Calculation :

Summer work weekday VOC emissions = annual VOC emiss ions  summer work weekday allocation factor

Summer work weekday allocation factor = 3/8 (fraction of paving performed in the summer months)  5/7

(fraction of paving performed on weekdays)  65 (number of weekdays in the summer) = 0.004125 15

Summer work weekday VOC emissions = 57.1780  0.004125 = 0.2359 tons VOC per day



### AUTOMOTIVE REFINISHING (SCC 2401005000)

Automotive refinishing is the painting of worn or damaged automobiles, light trucks, and other

vehi cles. The coating of new cars, however, is considered in the point source inventory, and

therefore not included in this inventory. The automotive refinishing VOC emission factor of

2.30 lb/person is based on EPA guidance. 16 

### A control efficiency of 60.94 p ercent for 2002 was

computed by applying an incremental reduction of 38 percent 17 

### to 1999’s 37 percent 18 

### control

efficiency based on the following calculation:

SAMPLE VOC EMISSION CALCULATIONS:13



### where:

E

mission Factor =2.30 lbs VOC/person/year 16



### Population = 1,269,904 (Allegheny County) 7



### Control Efficiency = 60.94% 17 18



### Rule Penetration = 100%

Rule Effectiveness = 100%

Summer work weekday VOC emissions = annual VOC emissions  summer work weekday allocation factor

Summer work weekday allocation factor = 0.00385 9

Summer work weekday VOC emissions = 570.4282  0.00385 = 2.1940 tons VOC per day



### BAKERIES (SCC 2302050000)

Bakery emissions, primarily ethanol, result from yeast fermentation during the baking process of

bread and bakery products. Ethanol is emitted through a vent with any combustion product gases.

Relevant NAICS codes for bakeries are 311811 and 311812.

County

- level VOC emissions were calculated using an employment

- based emission factor and

the number of NAICS code 311811 and 311 812 employees in each county. The number of

employees in each county for 2001 was obtained from County Business Patterns 2 

### and grown to

2002 using the ratio of 2002 total Commonwealth employees to 2001 total Commonwealth

employees obtained from the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS). 3 

### T he Bakeries emission factor is

0.11 tons VOC/employee/year

. 19 

### Point source emissions, where present, were subtracted from

these em ission estimates.

SAMPLE VOC EMISSION CALCULATIONS:

Annual VOC Emissions = (Emission Factor)(Employees)

where:

Emission Factor = 0.11 tons VOC /employee/year 19



### Employees = 1024 2 3 

### (Allegheny County)14 

### = 112.64 tons VOC per year

Summer work weekday VOC emissions = annual VOC emissions  summer work weekday allocation factor

Summer work weekday allocat ion factor=0.00275 4

Summer work weekday VOC emissions = 112.64  0.00275 = 0.3098 tons VOC per day



### BREWERIES (SCC 2302070001)

Emissions of VOCs from breweries result from compounds such as ethanol, myrcene, e thyl

acetate and higher alcohols resulting from the brewing process. There are two brewery emission

factors, which differ based on facility production size (i.e., a smaller emission factor is used for

facilities with more than 60,000 barrels production, a nd a larger factor for facilities producing

60,000 barrels or less).

Because facility

- level brewery production data were not available, it was necessary to estimate

the amount of production in each county associated with small and large facilities. First , county

level beer production was estimated by apportioning State

- level production to counties based on

county

- level brewery employment. Total Pennsylvania beer production was obtained from the

Federal Alcohol and Tobacco Tax and Trade Bureau. 20 

### The numb er of brewery (NAICS code

31212) employees in 2002 was estimated by projecting 2001 county employment, obtained from

the 2001 County Business Patterns, 2 

### to 2002 based on the 2002 to 2001 State

- level brewery

e mployment ratio, obtained from the Bureau of Labor Statistics. 3



### Based on the average Pennsylvania brewery production per employee (2,122 barrels) calculated

from the data described above, it was assumed that all facilities in a county reporting fewer than

29 employees would contain only small breweries. The cutoff of 29 employees was chosen

based on the observation that, assuming a constant per employee production rate, a brewery with

29 employees would prod uce approximately 61,500 barrels of beer. It was also assumed that a

county with more than 29 brewery employees would have production by both small and large
facilities. In lieu of actual data, it was assumed that 1 percent of these counties’ production is

from small breweries, and 99 percent is from large breweries. Therefore, the small brewery
emission factor was applied to 1 percent of the county’s beer production, while the large brewery
emission factor was applied to 99 percent of the county’s produ ction. This 1 percent assumption

appears reasonable given that this value results in statewide brewery emissions similar to those

estimated for 1996.

Since Pennsylvania’s brewery production data were available on a monthly basis, the statewide

summer mon th allocation factor was calculated using the ratio of summer beer production to the

annual beer production. This was then converted to the summer work weekday allocation factor
using weekday temporal allocation data from EPA’s Emissions Modeling Clearing house

(EMCH). 4 2015



### SAMPLE VOC EMISSION CALCULATIONS:

where:

Small Brewery Emission Factor = 56.743 pounds of VOC/1000 barrels 21



### Larg e Brewery Emission Factor = 4.16791 pounds of VOC/1000 barrels 22



### Adams County Employees = 7 2 3



### Allegheny County Employees = 261 2 3



### 2002 PA Beer Production = 3,089,646 barrels 20



### Adams County (Small Breweries Only Assumption) Annual VOC Emissions :

Summer work weekday VOC emissions = annual VOC emissions  summer work weekday allocation factor

Summer work weekday allocation factor = summer month beer production/annual beer production  weekday ratio/number of weekdays in summer

Summer work weekday all ocation factor = 856,549/3,089,646  0.715/65 = 0.00305 4 20

Summer work weekday allocation factor=0.00305

Summer work weekday VOC emissions = 0.4214  0.00305 = 0.001285 tons VOC per day



### Allegheny County (Small and Large Breweries Assumption) Annual VOC Emissions :

Summer work weekday VOC emissions = annual VOC emissions  summer work weekday allocation factor

Summer work weekday allocatio n factor = summer month beer production/annual beer production  weekday ratio/number of weekdays in summer

Summer work weekday allocation factor = 856,549/3,089,646  0.715/65 = 0.00305 4 20

Summer work weekday allocation factor=0.00305

Summer work weekday VOC emissions = 1.2998  0.00305 = 0.00396 tons VOC per day16



### COAL COMBUSTION (6 SCCs)

(Residential Anthracite SCC 2104001000, Residential Bituminous SCC 21040 02000,

Commercial/Institutional Anthracite SCC 2103001000, Commercial/Institutional Bituminous

SCC 2103002000, Industrial Anthracite SCC 2102001000, Industrial Bituminous SCC

2102002000)

This category covers emissions from the burning of coal by residenti al, and small commercial and

industrial users. Coal combustion emissions were estimated for VOC, NO

x 

### , CO, Pb, PM, and

SO 2



### .

Residential coal consumption, in tons per dwelling unit, was estimated using the following

equation:

Coal consumption per dwelling unit = 0.003874 e (7.6414

- (1000/heating degree days))



### Heating Degree Day (HDD) data were obtained from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric

Administration. 23 

### The HDD of each county was assigned according to the town or city in the

county or the nearest to wn or city of similar latitude for which data were available.

After estimating county

- level residential coal consumption per unit, emissions were calculated by

multiplying these values by the number of coal

- burning dwelling units in each county 24 

### and the

em ission factor for each pollutant.

Year 2002 Commonwealth

- level commercial sector coal consumption (computed from the
Energy Information Administration’s State Energy Data 2000 25 

### and Annual Coal Report 2002 26 

### )
was allocated to individual counties using the n umber of commercial sector facilities in each

county. 2 

### County

- level emissions were then calculated by multiplying county coal consumption

by the emission factor for the applicable CAP.

Industrial coal

- burni ng emissions were computed in a similar way to commercial/institutional

emissions. However, county

- level industrial employment data (from County Business Patterns

and Current Employment Statistics ) were used to allocate coal consumption to individual

coun ties.

In some cases, CAP emission factors differ between anthracite and bituminous coal. Because

anthracite is mined in the eastern half of the Commonwealth, while bituminous is mined in the

western half, the emission calculations assume that eastern cou nties burn anthracite coal while

western counties burn bituminous coal.

For Commercial and Industrial sector categories, point source emissions, where present, were

subtracted from these initial emission estimates.

SAMPLE CALCULATIONS:17



### Residential Coal Combustion :

where:

VOC Emission Factor = 10 lbs/ton anthracite coal/year 27 

### ; 10 lbs/ton

bituminous coal/year 39



### NO

x 

### Emission Factor = 3 lbs/ton anthracite coal/year 27 

### ; 9.1 lbs/ton bituminous

coal/year 39



### CO Emission Factor = 275 lbs/ton anthracite coal/year 27 

### ; 275 lbs/ton

bituminous coal/year 39



### Pb Emission Factor = 0.013182 lbs/ton bituminous coal/year 39



### PM10

- FIL Emission Factor = 10 lbs/ton anthracite coal/year 27 

### ; 6.2 lbs/ton

bituminous coal/year 39



### PM25

- FIL Emission Factor = 0.6 lbs/ton anthracite coal/year 27 

###  13.38% ash

content =8.028 lbs/ton anthracite coal/y ear; 3.8 lbs/ton bituminous

coal/year 39



### PM

- CON Emission Factor = 0.08 lbs/ton anthracite coal/year 27 

###  13.38% ash

content =1.0704 lbs/ton anthracite coal/year; 1 .04 lbs/ton bituminous

coal/year 39



### SO 2 

### Emission Factor = 39 lbs/ton anthracite coal/ year 27 

###  0.89% sulfur content

=34.71 lbs/ton anthracite coal/year; 31 lbs/ton bituminous coal/year 39 

###  2.42% sulfur content = 75.02 lbs/ton bituminous coal/year

Anthracite Coal Sulfur Content = 0.89% sulfur 27



### Bituminous Coal Sulfur Conten t = 2.42% sulfur 27



### Anthracite Coal Ash Content = 13.38% ash 27



### Number of Coal

- Burning Dwelling Units (Allegheny County) = 183 24



### e = natural base

HDD = Heating Degree Days (Allegheny County) = 5,494 23



### VOC Emissions :

Summer work weekday VOC emissions = annual VOC emissions  summer work weekday allocation factor

Summer work weekday allocation factor = 0.000110 4 23

Summer work weekday VOC emissions = 6.1539  0.000110 = 0.000675 tons VOC per day18



### CO Emissions :

Summer work weekday CO emissions = annual CO emissions  summer work weekday allocation factor

Summer work weekday allocation factor = 0.000110 4 23

Summer work weekday CO emi ssions = 169.2320  0.000110 = 0.01856 tons CO per day

Winter work weekday CO emissions = annual CO emissions  winter work weekday allocation factor

Winter work weekday allocation factor=0.00555 4 23

Winter work weekday CO emissions = 169.2320  0.00555 = 0.9389 tons CO per day



### Commercial/Institutional Coal Combustion :

where:

VOC Emission Factor = 0.07 lbs/ton anthracite coal/year 28 

### ; 1.3 lbs/ton

bitum inous coal/year 39



### NO

x 

### Emission Factor = 18 lbs/ton anthracite coal/year 39 

### ; 33 lbs/ton bituminous

coal/year 39



### CO Emission Factor = 0.6 lbs/ton anthracite coal/year 39 

### ; 11 lbs/ton bituminous

coal/year 39



### Pb Emission Factor = 0.0089 lbs/ton anthracite coal/year 39 

### ; 0.013182 lbs/ton

bituminous coal/year 39



### SO 2 

### Emission Factor =39 lbs/ton anthracite coal/year 39 

###  0.89% sulfur content

= 34.7 1 lbs/ton anthracite coal/year; 38 lbs/ton bituminous coal/year 39 

###  2.42% sulfur content = 91.96 lbs/ton bituminous coal/year

PM10

- FIL Emission Factor = 2.3 lbs/ton anthracite coal/year 39 

###  13.38% ash

content = 30.774 lbs/ton anthracite coal/year; 13.2 lbs/ton bituminous

coal/year 39



### PM25

- FIL Emission Factor = 0.6 lbs/ton anthracite coal/year 39 

###  13.38% ash

content = 8.028 lbs/ton anthracite coal/year; 4.6 lbs/ton bituminous

coal/year 39



### PM

- CON Emission Factor = 0.08 lbs/ton anthracite coal/year 39 

###  13.38% ash

content = 1.0704 lbs/ton anthracite coal/ year ; 1.04 lbs/ton bituminous

coal/year 3919 

### Anthracite Coal Sulfur Content = 0.89% 27



### B ituminous Coal Sulfur Content = 2.42% 27



### Anthracite Coal Ash Content = 13.38% ash 27



### Pennsylvania Coal Consumption = 512,636 tons 25 26



### Number of County Facilities (Allegheny County) = 24,654 2



### Number of Pennsylvania Facilities = 197,795 2



### Commercial/Institutional Coal Consumption : 25 26



### VOC Emissions :

Summer work weekday VOC emission s = annual VOC emissions  summer work weekday allocation factor

Summer work weekday allocation factor = 0.00170 4

Summer work weekday VOC emissions = 41.5331  0.00170 = 0.0705 tons VOC per day



### CO Emissions :

Summer work weekday CO emissions = annual CO emissions  summer work weekday allocation factor

Summer work weekday allocation factor = 0.00170 4

Summer work weekday CO emissions = 351 .4342  0.00170 = 0.5967 tons CO per day

Winter work weekday CO emissions = annual CO emissions  winter work weekday allocation factor

Winter work weekday allocation factor = 0.00397 4

Winter work weekday C O emissions = 351.4342  0.00397 = 1.3962 tons CO per day



### Industrial Coal Combustion :20



### The Industrial Coal Combustion emissions were calculated using the same emission factors as

Commercial/Institutional Coal (see above).

where:

Number of Allegheny County Employees =48,544 2 3



### Number of Pennsylvania Employees = 721,902 2 3



### Pennsylvania Coal Consumption = 42,900,812.75 tons 25 26



### Industrial Coal Consumption : 25 26



### CO Emissions :

Summer work weekday CO emissions = annual CO emissions  summer work weekday allocation factor

Summer work weekday allocation factor = 0.00283 4

Summer work weekday CO emissions = 15,866.6603  0.00283 = 44.8538 tons CO per day

Winter work weekday CO emissions = annual CO emissions  winter work weekday allocation factor

Winter work weekda y allocation factor = 0.00283 4



### Winter work weekday CO emissions = 15,866.6603  0.00283 = 44.8538 tons CO per day

COMMERCIAL AND CONSUMER SOLVENT USE (SCC 2465000000)

This source category covers household p roducts such as special naphthas, alcohols, carbonyls,

and other organics that contain VOCs. There are no point sources associated with this category.

County

- level emissions were calculated using a composite per capita emission factor (see table

below) a nd U.S. Bureau of the Census population data. The emission factor represents pre

control emission rates. A CE of 20 percent 29 

### and an RP of 48.6 percent 9 

### were applied to reflect

the Federal Rule for consumer products. This yields a post

- control VOC emission factor of21



### 7.078 lbs per capita which was used in all emission calculations. Each county’s emissions are

estimated per the sample calculations listed below.

SUBCATEGORY EMISSION FACTOR

Household Products 0.79 lbs/person /year

Personal Care Products 2.32 lbs/person/year

Automotive Aftermarket Products 1.36 lbs/person/year

Adhesives and Sealants 0.57 lbs/person/year

FIFRA

- Regulated Products 1.78 lbs/person/year

Coatings and Related Products 0.95 lbs/person/year

Miscel laneous Products 0.07 lbs/person/year

Total (Pre

- Control) 7.84 lbs/person/year

SAMPLE VOC EMISSION CALCULATIONS:

where:

Emission Factor =7.84 lbs VOC/person/year 30



### Population = 1,269,904 (Allegheny County) 7



### CE (Control Efficiency) = 20% 29



### RP (Rule Penetration) = 48.6% 9



### RE (Rule Effectiveness) = 100%

Summer work weekday VOC emissions = annual VOC emissions  summer work weekday allocation factor

Summer work weekday allocation factor = 0.00274 9

Summer work weekday VOC emissions = 4494.1598  0.00274 = 12.3128 tons VOC per day



### COMMERCIAL COOKING (5 SCCs)

Chain

- Dri ven (Conveyorized) Charbroilers SCC 2302002100; Under

- Fired Charbroilers SCC

2302002200; Flat Griddles SCC 2302002300; Clamshell Griddles SCC 2302002400; and Deep

Fat Fryers SCC 2302002500

Criteria pollutant annual emissions associated with commercial coo king were compiled from the

2002 nonpoint source National Emissions Inventory (NEI). 31 

### The 2002 NEI reports commercial

cooking emissions in five SCCs, each of which represents a specific equipment type. Source22



### categories comprise emissions from all meat t ypes for a particular piece of equipment. The

following types of meat are included: hamburger, steak, fish, pork, and chicken. Emissions for

deep

- fat frying of french fries were also estimated. With the exception of deep

- fat frying of

french fries, comm ercial cooking activity was developed from survey data obtained from a Public

Research Institute (PRI) report on charbroiling activity estimation in the State of California. 32



### Further details on the annual emission estimation methodology are available in t he forthcoming

2002 nonpoint source NEI documentation. 31



### The NEI reports emissions for the following criteria pollutants: VOC, CO, PM10

- PRI, and

PM25

- PRI (note, however, that each pollutant is not reported for each equipme nt type). The

sources of the commercial cooking criteria pollutant emission factors are documented in a report

prepared for EPA. 33



### Because temporal allocation data were not developed for this category in the 2002 NEI, the

default temporal data reported in the EMCH for SCC 2302002000 (Commercial Charbroiling)

were applied to each commercial cooking SCC. 4 

### These data were used to estimate both summer

season and winter season work weekday emission estimates.

SA MPLE SEASONAL CALCULATIONS (CHAIN

- DRIVEN CHARBROILERS):

Annual VOC emissions (Allegheny County) = 10.7792 tons VOC per year

Summer work weekday VOC emissions = annual VOC emissions  summer work weekday

allocation factor

Summer work weekday allocation fact or = 0.00275 4



### Summer work weekday VOC emissions = 10.7792  0.00275 = 0.0296 tons VOC per day

Annual PM10

- PRI emissions (Allegheny County) = 43.0837 tons VOC per year

Winter work weekday PM10

- PRI emissions = annual PM10

- PRI emissions  winter work

weekday allocation factor

Winter work weekday allocation factor = 0.00275 4



### Winter work weekday PM10

- PRI emissions = 43.0837  0.00275 = 0.1185 tons VOC per day

COMPOST ING (3 SCCs)

(Biosolids SCC 2680001000, Mixed Waste 2680002000, Green Waste 2680030000)

Composting refers to the use of both aerobic and anaerobic microbial processes to degrade waste

materials for beneficial refuse. Compostable wastes include biosolids ( sewage sludge), manure,

green waste ( e.g., landscape trimmings, grass clippings), and other biodegradable materials such

as food waste. Composting produces emissions of NH 3 

### , VOC, and methane. Emissions for each

county were estimated using a biosolids

- gene ration

- based emission factor 65 

### . Figures on material

composted were obtained from BioCycle’s nationwide survey 34



### Each county’s emissions were estimated per the sample calculations below.

SAMPLE NH 3 

### EMISSION CAL CULATION:23



### Annual NH 3 

### Emissions = (Emission Factor)(Tons material composted)

Where:

Emissions Factor = 3.28 lbs NH 3 

### /ton Biosolids

2.81 lbs NH

3 

### /ton Mixed Waste

0.82 lbs NH

3 

### /ton Green Waste
Tons Biosolids = 3,321.65 (Allegheny County)

Annual NH

3 

### Emissions = 10895.012 * = 5.45 tons NH 3 

### / year

DEGREASING (4 SCCs)

(Auto Repair (Cold Cleaning) SCC 2415360000, Manufacturing (Cold Cleaning) SCC

2415300000, Elec tronics (Vapor/In

- Line) SCC 2415230000, Other (Vapor/In

- Line) SCC

2415200000)

Surface cleaning, also known as “degreasing”, includes the solvent cleaning or conditioning of

metal surfaces and parts, fabricated plastics, electronic and electrical component s and other

nonporous substrates. These cleaning processes are designed to remove foreign material, such as

oils, grease, waxes and moisture, usually in the preparation for further treatment, such as painting,

electroplating, galvanizing, anodizing or app lying conversion coatings. Three basic types of

surface cleaning operations are currently used: cold cleaning, vapor cleaning, and in

- line or

conveyorized cleaning, which can be either a cold or vapor cleaning process. VOC emission results

from the evapo ration of solvents used in these processes.

Cold cleaning is a batch process in which solvents are applied at room temperature or slightly

heated. Parts are immersed in a solvent, usually mineral spirits. Parts too large for immersion may

be sprayed or wiped with a solvent. The primary cold cleaning application is cleaning of tools or

metal parts at service and automotive repair stations and manufacturing facilities. Cold cleaning

may incorporate covers or freeboards to limit the evaporative loss of so lvents.

In

- line cleaners use automated load systems (typically conveyors) to maintain a continuous feed to

the cleaning unit. These units use both cold and vapor

- cleaning methods as described above, with

the majority being halogenated solvent cleaning sy stems. These units are used for large

- scale

operations and are usually enclosed except to the conveyor inlet or exit. A common application of

in

- line cleaners is cleaning printed circuit boards for the electronic and electrical component

industries.

The Emission Inventory Improvement Program (EIIP) developed the following population

- based

methods for estimating degreasing emissions. Point source emissions, where present, were

subtracted from these emission estimates.24



### SAMPLE VOC EMISSION CALCULATIONS:

where:

Auto Repair (Cold Cleaning) VOC Emission Factor = 2.5 lbs VOC/person/year 35



### Manufacturing (Cold Cleaning) VOC Emission Factor = 1.1 lbs

VOC/person/year 35



### Electronics (Vapor/I

n

- Line) VOC Emission Factor = 0.21 lbs VOC/person/year 35



### Other (Vapor/In

- Line) VOC Emission Factor = 0.49 lbs VOC/person/year 35



### Population = 1,269,904 (Alleghen y County) 7



### Auto Repair Cold Cleaning CE (Control Efficiency) = 66% 36



### Manufacturing Cold Cleaning CE (Control Efficiency) = 66% 36



### Electronics Vapor/In

- Line CE (Control Efficiency ) = 63% 36 37



### Other Vapor/In

- Line CE (Control Efficiency) = 63% 36 37



### All Categories RP (Rule Penetration) = 100%

All Categories RE (Rule Effectiveness) = 80%

A llegheny County Auto Repair (Cold Cleaning) VOC Emissions Calculation :

Summer work weekday VOC emissions calculation for Allegheny County Auto Repair (Cold Cleaning):

Degreasing (all categories) summer work weekday allocation fact or = 0.00385 9

Summer work weekday VOC emissions = annual VOC emissions  summer work weekday allocation factor

Summer work weekday VOC emissions = 749.2434  0.00385 = 2.8817 tons VOC per day



### DRY CLEANERS (SCC 2420000370)

Three types of dry cleaning operations are used: coin

- operated facilities using perchloroethylene

(perc); commercial/industrial facilities using perc; and commercial/industrial facilities using

VOC solvents. As perc is no longer considered a VOC, only co mmercial/industrial facilities

using VOC solvents are considered for the area source inventory. The first two categories are not

included in the baseline inventory. They are, however, retained for use in the modeling inventory

as required by EPA guidance

.25



### Point source emissions, where present, were subtracted from these emission estimates. Each
county’s emissions were estimated per the sample calculations below using a per capita emission

factor and US Census Bureau population data. The emission fact or was determined by the

Department using 1990 survey data supplied by the industry (contacts with the Pennsylvania and

Delaware Cleaners Association indicate that more recent data are not available). 38



### SAMP LE VOC EMISSION CALCULATIONS:

Annual VOC Emissions = (Emission Factor)(Population)

where:

Emission Factor = 0.15 lbs VOC/person/year 38



### Population = 1,269,904 (2002 Allegheny County) 7

Summer work weekday VOC emissions = annual VOC emissions  summer work weekday allocation factor

Summer work weekday allocation factor = 0.0028 4

Summer work weekday VOC emissions = 95.2428  0.0028=0.2674 to ns VOC per day



### ELECTRICAL APPLIANCES (SCC 2401060000)

The VOC emissions from this source category result from the evaporation of the solvent used in

the coating process in the manufacture of electrical appliances such as refrigerators, freezers,

laundry e quipment, and electric housewares. Emissions for each county were estimated per the

sample calculations below using an employment

- based emission factor and the number of

employees in the NAICS codes, 333414, 335211, 335212, 335221, and 335228. The number of

employees in each county for 2001 was obtained from County Business Patterns 2 

### and grown to

2002 using the ratio of 2002 total Commonwealth employees to 2001 total Commonwealth

employees obtained from the B ureau of Labor Statistics (BLS)

. 3 

### Point source emissions, where

present, were subtracted from these emission estimates.

SAMPLE VOC EMISSION CALCULATIONS:

Annual VOC Emissions = (Emission Factor)(Number o f Employees)

where:

Emission Factor = 463 lbs VOC/employee/year 16



### Employees = 150 (Allegheny County) 2 326

Summer work weekday VOC emissions = annual VOC emissions  summer work weekday allocation factor

Summer work weekday allocation factor = 0.00275 4

Summer work weekday VOC emissions = 34.725 x 0.00275=0.09 55 tons VOC per day



### ELECTRICAL INSULATION (SCC 2401065000)

The VOC emissions from this source category result from the evaporation of the solvent used in

the insulation coatings applied to wire and cable. The emissions for each county were calculated

us ing an employment

- based emission factor and the number of employees in NAICS codes

331422, 331491, 335311, 335921 and 335929

. The number of employees in each county for

2001 was obtained from County Business Patterns 2 

### and grown to 2002 using the ratio of 2002

total Commonwealth employees to 2001 total Commonwealth employees obtained from the

Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS)

. 3 

### E ach county’s emissions were estima ted per the sample

calculations below.

SAMPLE VOC EMISSION CALCULATIONS:

Annual VOC Emissions = (Emission Factor)(Number of Employees)

where:

Emission Factor = 290 lbs VOC/employee/year 16



### Employees = 58 (Allegheny County ) 2 3

Summer work weekday VOC emissions = annual VOC emissions  summer work weekday allocation factor

Summer work weekday allocation f actor = 0.00277

4

Summer work weekday VOC emissions = 8.41  0.00277=0.0233 tons VOC per day27



### FACTORY FINISHED WOOD (SCC 2401015000)

The VOC emissions from this source category result from the evaporation of t he solvent used in

the gluing and coating process. The emissions for each county were calculated using an

employment

- based emission factor and the number of employees in NAICS codes 32192, 33711,

321211, 321212, 321213, 321911, 321918, 321992, and 321999. The number of employees in

each county for 2001 was obtained from County Business Patterns 2 

### and grown to 2002 using the

ratio of 2002 total Commonwealth employees to 2001 total Commonwealth employees obtain ed

from the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS)

. 3 

### Point source emissions, where present, were

subtracted from these emission estimates.

SAMPLE VOC EMISSION CALCULATIONS:

Annual VOC Emissions = (Emission Facto r)(Number of Employees)

where:

Emission Factor = 131 lbs VOC/employee/year 16



### Employees =615 (Allegheny County) 2 3

Summer work weekday VOC emissions = annual VOC emissions  summer work weekday allocation factor

Summer work weekday allocation factor = 0.0028 4

Summer work weekday VOC emissions = 40.2825 x 0.00 28=0.1141 tons VOC per day



### FOREST FIRES (SCC 2810001000)

Forest fires in certain rural areas can produce very large, short

- term emissions of VOC, NO

x 

### , and

CO, SO 2 

### , and particulates. The emissions for each county were calculated using an emission

factor from AP

- 42 39 

### or the 1999 National Emissions Inventory 40 

### and a loading factor from AP

42 39



### . The number of acres burned was obtained from the Department of Conservation and

Natural Resources. 41 

### Each county’s emissions were estimated per the sample calculations below.

SAMPLE CALCULATIONS:

Annual Emissions = (Emission Factor)(Loading Factor)(Acres Burned)

where:

VOC Emission Factor = 24 lbs VOC/ton of flora/ye ar 3928 

### NO

x 

### Emission Factor = 4 lbs NO

x 

### /ton of flora/year 39



### CO Emission Factor = 140 lbs CO/ton of flora/year 39



### Loa ding Factor = 11 tons of flora/acre 39



### Acres Burned = 3.85 acres (Westmoreland County) 41



### VOC Emissions :

Summer work weekday VOC emissions = annual VOC emissions  summer work weekday allocation factor

Summer work weekday allocation factor = 0.0055 4

Summer work weekday VOC emissions = 0.5082  0.0055=0.002795 tons VOC per day



### CO Emissions :

Summer work weekday VOC emissions = annual VOC emissions  summer work weekday allocation factor

Summer work weekday allocation factor = 0.0055 4

Summer work weekday CO emissions = 2.9645  0.0055=0.0163 tons CO per day

Winter work we ekday CO emissions = annual CO emissions  winter work weekday allocation factor

Winter work weekday allocation factor = 0.00056 4

Winter work weekday CO emissions = 2.9645  0.00056=0.0017 tons CO per day



### FUE L OIL COMBUSTION (3 SCCs)

(Residential Distillate Fuel Oil SCC 2104004000, Commercial/Institutional Distillate Fuel Oil

SCC 2103004000, Commercial/Institutional Residual Fuel Oil SCC 2103005000)

Distillate and residual oil combustion sources, which emit VOC, NO

x 

### , CO, SO 2 

### , Pb, and PM are

grouped into three categories: Commercial/Institutional, Residential, and Industrial. Industrial

source emissions are captured in the point source inventory. For Commercial sector categories,

point source emissions, whe re present, were subtracted from the emissions of the corresponding29



### county. Fuel oil emissions were calculated for each county using fuel use estimates derived by

allocating Commonwealth consumption estimates from the Energy Information Administration

to individual counties . The county allocations were performed using data obtained from the

County Business Patterns and the U.S. Census Bureau.

SAMPLE CALCULATIONS:

Residential Distillate Fuel Oil :

Residential fuel oil usage was determined by alloc ating the total residential fuel oil use to each

county. The residential fuel oil consumption was allocated by the ratio of dwelling units (DU)

using distillate fuel oil in a county to the number of dwelling units burning distillate fuel oil in

the Common wealth. The following is the general equation for the calculation of usage for

residential sources of fuel oil combustion.

where:

PA Residential Distillate Fuel Use = 829,470 thousands of gallons 42



### 2000 County Fuel

- Oil

- Burning DUs = 8123 Dwelling Units (Allegheny

County) 7



### 2000 State Fuel

- Oil

- Burning DUs = 1,217,155 Dwelling Units 7



### VOC E missions :

Summer work weekday VOC emissions = annual VOC emissions  summer work weekday allocation factor

Summer work weekday allocation factor = 0.000165 4

Summer work weekday VOC em issions = 1.9375  0.000165=0.000319 tons VOC per day



### CO Emissions :

Summer work weekday CO emissions = annual CO emissions  summer work weekday allocation factor

Summer work weekday allocation factor = 0.000165 4

Summer work weekday CO emissions = 13.8392  0.000165=0.00228 tons CO per day30

Winter work weekday CO emissions = annual CO emissions  winter work weekday allocation factor

Winter work weekday allocation factor = 0.000626 4

Winter work weekday CO emissions = 13.8392  0.00626=0.0866 tons CO per day



### Commercial/Institutional Distillate Fuel Oil :

The total amount of distillate fuel oil was apportioned to each county according to the number of

commercial sector (i.e., SIC code 50

- 89) facilities. The number of commercial facilities in 2001

was used for this allocation because 2001 data were the last year available. 2 

### Total

Commonwealth u se was obtained from the Energy Information Administration

. 42 

### Each county’s

emissions for commercial/institutional fuel oil combustion were estimated per the following

sample calculations.

where:

VOC Emission Factor = 0.34 lbs/10 00 gallons/year 39



### NO

x 

### Emission Factor = 20 lbs/1000 gallons/year 39



### CO Emission Factor = 5 lbs/1000 gallons/year 39



### SO 2 

### Emission Factor = 142 lbs/1000 gallons/year 39 

###  0.3% sulfur content =

42.6 lbs/1000 gallons/year

PM10

- FIL Emission Factor = 1.08 lbs/1000 gallons/year 39



### P M25

- FIL Emission Factor = 0.83 lbs/1000 gallons/year 39



### PM

- CON Emission Factor = 1.3 lbs/1000 gallons/year 39



### Lead Emission Factor = 0.001268 lbs/1000 gallons/yea r Error! Bookmark not

defined.

Distillate Fuel Sulfur Content = 0.3% 27



### County Facilities = 24,654 (Allegheny County) 2



### Commonwealth Facilities = 197,795 2



### PA Commercial/Institutional Distillate Fuel Oil Use = 301,554,000 gallons 42



### VOC Emissions :

Sum mer work weekday VOC emissions = annual VOC emissions  summer work weekday allocation factor

Summer work weekday allocation factor = 0.00170 4

Summer work weekday VOC emissions = 6.3898  0.00170=0.0108 tons V OC per day



### CO Emissions :31

Summer work weekday CO emissions = annual CO emissions  summer work weekday allocation factor

Summer work weekday allocation factor = 0.00170 4

Summer work weekday CO emissions = 93.9674  0.00170=0.1595 tons CO per day

Winter work weekday CO emissions = annual CO emissions  winter work weekday allocation factor

Winter work weekday allocation factor = 0.0040 4

Winter work weekday CO emissions = 93.9674  0.0040=0.3733 tons CO per day



### Commercial/Institutional Residual Fuel Oil :

The total amount of residual fuel oil was apportioned to each county according to the number of

commercial facilities, which was obtain ed from County Business Patterns

. 2 

### The total

Commonwealth use was obtained from the Energy Information Administration

. 42 

### Each county’s

emissions for commercia l/institutional fuel oil combustion were estimated per the following

sample calculations.

where:

VOC Emission Factor = 1.13 lbs/1000 gallons/year 39



### NO

x 

### Emission Factor = 55 lbs/1000 gallons/year 39



### CO Emission Factor = 5 lbs/1000 gallons/year 39



### SO 2 

### Emission Factor = 157 lbs/1000 gallons/year 39 

###  1.05% sulfur content =

164.85 lbs/1000 gallons/year

PM10

- FIL Emission Factor = 5.17 lbs/1000 gallons/year  0.19% ash content

= 0.9823 lbs/1000 gallons/ year 39



### PM25

- FIL Emission Factor = 1.92 lbs/1000 gallo ns/year  0.19% ash content

= 0.3648 lbs/1000 gallons/ year 39



### PM

- CON Emission Factor = 1.5 lbs/1000 gallons/ year 39



### Lead Emission Factor = 0.00155 lbs/1000 gallon s/ year Error! Bookmark not
defined.

Residual Fuel Sulfur Content = 1.05% 43



### County Facilities = 24,654 (Allegheny County) 2



### Commonwealth Facilities = 197,795 2



### PA Commercial/Institutional Residual Fuel Oil Use = 16,597,000 gallons 4232



### VOC Emissions :

Summer work weekday VOC emissions = annual VOC emi ssions  summer work weekday allocation factor

Summer work weekday allocation factor = 0.00170 4

Summer work weekday VOC emissions = 1.1688  0.00170= 0.00198 tons VOC per day



### CO Emissions :

Summer work weekday CO emissions = annual CO emissions  summer work weekday allocation factor

Summer work weekday allocation factor = 0.00170 4

Summer work weekday CO emissions = 5.1718  0.00170=0.00 878 tons CO per day

Winter work weekday CO emissions = annual CO emissions  winter work weekday allocation factor

Winter work weekday allocation factor = 0.0040 4

Winter work weekday CO emissions = 5.1718  0.0040 = 0.0205 tons CO per day



### GASOLINE MARKETING (5 SCCs)

(Stage I SCC 2501060053, Stage II Uncontrolled SCC 2501060101, Stage II Controlled SCC

2501060102, Underground Storage Tank Breathing and Emptying SCC 2501060201, Truck

Transit SCC 2505030120)

Gasoline marketing involves the operations typically associated with transporting gasoline from

refineries to final consumption in gasoline

- powered vehicles. Evaporative emissions of VOCs

occur at all points in the distribution process. The operations t hat were inventoried as area

sources are gasoline dispensing outlets and gasoline tank trucks in transit. Bulk terminals and

outlets are inventoried as point sources. VOC emissions result from the following sources: 1)33



### Stage I (tank truck unloading into underground storage tanks), 2) Stage II (vehicle fueling), 3)

Underground Storage Tank Breathing and Emptying, and 4) Truck Transit.

Each category’s AP

- 42 emission factor is based on the average daily throughput that was

calculated from monthly data obta ined from the Pennsylvania Department of Revenue Bureau of

Motor Fuel Taxes. The vehicle miles traveled (VMT), which were obtained from Dan Szekeres

of the Baker Corporation 44 

### , was used to apportion the gasoline throughput to each county.

Control efficien cy (CE), rule penetration (RP), and rule effectiveness (RE) factors were applied

to Stage I for each county to reflect the application of vapor balance systems. A RE factor was

applied to Stage II to each regulated county. CE, RP, and RE factors were app lied to

Underground Storage Tank Breathing to reflect the application of pressure relief valves. There
were no point sources for this source category. Each county’s emissions were estimated per the

following sample calculations.

SAMPLE VOC EMISSION CALC ULATIONS:

Stage I :

where:

Emission Factor = 1.92 lbs VOC/1000 gallons 39



### State Annual Gasoline Sales = 5,238,145,337 gallons/year 45



### County Annual VMT = 8,836,074,725 m iles (Allegheny County) 44



### State Annual VMT = 97,021,666,321 m iles 44



### Control Efficiency (CE) = 96% 46 47



### Rule Penetration (RP) = 96% 46 47



### Rule Effectiveness (RE

) = 80%

Summer work weekday VOC emissions = annual VOC emissions  summer work weekday allocation factor

Summer work weekday allocation factor = summer month gasoline sales/annual gasoline sales  weekday ratio/number of weekdays i n summer Summer work weekday allocation factor = 1,370,092,015/5,238,145,337  0.8333/65 = 0.00335 4 45

Summer work weekday VOC emissions = 120.3185  0.00335 = 0.4035 tons VOC per day



### Stage II :

Vehicle refueling VOC emissions are estimated using MOBILE6.2

- based emission factors; 48



### monthly gasoline sales estimates; 45 

### and county

- level, annual vehicle miles traveled ( VMT)

data. 44 

### MOBILE6.2 provided monthly, emission factors for each county in Pennsylvania.34



### MOBILE6.2 input files were set up to model refueling emission factors in a manner similar to

that used for calculat ing onroad mobile source emissions for 2002. For each county, twelve

monthly scenarios were modeled, along with an ozone season scenario and a winter scenario.

These scenarios used the same 2002 monthly temperature and fuel inputs that were used in

prepa ring onroad mobile source emissions. Each input file also called upon the external county

specific age distribution file developed for 2002. No speed information or I/M program

information was modeled, as these are not needed in the refueling calculation s.

Stage II control program information was included for the counties with controls based on

program information regarding control efficiency from Pennsylvania. The Pennsylvania counties

with Stage II controls are Allegheny, Armstrong, Beaver, Bucks, But ler, Chester, Delaware,

Fayette, Montgomery, Philadelphia, Washington, and Westmoreland. 49 

### Vehicle

- specific

emission factors were then obtained in the database output format of MOBILE6.2. Using the

fuel economy data and VMT fraction data contained in the MOBILE6.2 output files, the gram per

mile emission factors were first converted to gram per gallon emission factors. These gram per

gallon emission factors were then weighted according to the VMT fraction of each gasoline

vehicle type to obtain monthly, c ounty

- specific gram per gallon emission factors weighted for all

gasoline vehicle types.

VMT data were used to allocate monthly Pennsylvania gasoline sales to each county. These are

the same gasoline sales figures that are used to estimate Stage I emis sions. The MOBILE6.2

emission factors were then multiplied by the corresponding gasoline sales data to estimate

refueling emissions. The VOC emissions calculations provide emissions at the county level for

each month of 2002.

wh ere: Allegheny County June Emission Factor = 1.027 grams/gallon 48



### PA June Gasoline Consumption =443,778,938 gallons 45



### Allegheny County 2002 VMT = 8,836,074,725 miles 44



### PA 2002 VMT = 97,021,666,321 miles 44

Summer work weekday VOC emissions = annual VOC emissions  summer work weekday allocation factor

Summer work weekday allocation factor = summer month gasoline sales/annual gasoline sales  weekday ratio/number of weekdays in summer35

Summer work weekday allocation factor = 1,370,092,015/5,238,145,337  0.715/65 = 0.00288 4 45

Summer work weekday VOC emissions = 573.8276  0.00288 = 1.6510 tons VOC per day



### Underground Storage Tank Breathing and Emptying :

where:

Emissio n Factor = 1.0 lbs VOC/1000 gallons 39



### State Annual Gasoline Sales = 5,238,145,337 gallons/year 45



### County Annual VMT = 8,836,074,725 m iles (Allegheny County) 44



### S tate Annual VMT = 97,021,666,321 m iles 44



### Control Efficiency (CE) = 90% 46 50



### Rule Penetration (RP) = 96% 46 50



### Rule Effectiveness (RE) = 80%

Summer work weekday VOC emissions = annual VOC emissions  summer work weekday allocation factor

Summer work weekday allocation factor = summer month gasoline sales/annual gasoline sales  weekday ratio/number of weekday s in summer

Summer work weekday allocation factor = 1,370,092,015/5,238,145,337  0.715/65 = 0.00288 4 45

Summer work weekday VOC emissions = 73.6572  0.00288 = 0.2119 tons VOC per day



### Truck Transit :

where:

Emission Factor = 0.06 lbs VOC/1000 gallons 39



### State Annual Gasoline Sales = 5,238,145,337 gallons/year 45



### County Annu al VMT = 8,836,074,725 m iles (Allegheny County) 44



### State Annual VMT = 97,021,666,321 m iles 44



### (The emission factor is based on the assumption that gasoline delivery is via single trips and

acc ounts for both full and empty truck travel.)36

Summer work weekday VOC emissions = annual VOC emissions  summer work weekday allocation factor

Summer work weekday allocation factor = summer month gasoline sales/annual gasoline sales  weekday ratio/number of weekdays in summer

Summer work weekday allocation factor = 1,370,092,015/5,238,145,337  0.8333/65 = 0.00335 4 45

Summer work weekday VOC emissions = 14.3116  0.00335 = 0.04799 tons VOC per day



### GRAPHIC ARTS (SCC 2425000000)

Graphic arts include operations that are involved in the printing of newspapers, magazines,

books, and other printed material. Emissions of VOCs result from evapo ration of solvents used

in inks and cleaning. The emissions for each county were calculated using a per capita emission

factor and U.S. Census Bureau population data. Point source emissions, where present, were

subtracted from these emission estimates.

SAMPLE VOC EMISSION CALCULATIONS:

Annual VOC Emissions = (Emission Factor)(Population)

where:

Emission Factor = 1.3 lbs VOC/person/year 16



### Population = 1,269,904 (Allegheny County) 7

Summer work weekday VOC emissions = annual VOC emissions  summer work weekday allocation factor

Summer work weekday allocation factor = 0.0028 4

Summer work weekday VOC emiss ions = 825.4376  0.0028=2.2904 tons VOC per day



### HIGH PERFORMANCE INDUSTRIAL MAINTENANCE SOLVENT (SCC 2401100000)

The VOC emissions from this source category result from the evaporation of solvents from

surface coating of objects and materials that may e xist in extreme conditions. There were no

point sources. The emissions for each county were calculated using a per capita emission factor37



### and U.S. Census Bureau population data. Each county’s emissions were estimated per the

following sample calculation s.

SAMPLE VOC EMISSION CALCULATIONS:

where:

Emission Factor = 0.8 lbs VOC/person/year 16



### Population = 1,269,904 people (Allegheny County) 7



### CE (Control Efficiency) = 20% 5



### RP (Rule Penetration) = 100%

RE (Rule Effectiveness) = 100%

Summer work weekday VOC emissions = annual VOC emissions  summer work weekday allocation factor

Summer work weekday a llocation factor = 0.00356 9

Summer work weekday VOC emissions = 406.3693  0.00356=1.4473 tons VOC per day



### KEROSENE (2 SCCs)

(Residential Kerosene SCC 2104011000, Commercial/Institutional Kerosene SCC 2103011000)

Kerosen e combustion sources, which emit VOC, NO

x 

### , CO, SO 2 

### , and PM are grouped into two

area source categories: Commercial/Institutional and Residential (all Industrial sector kerosene

emissions are assumed to be included in the point source inventory). Emission s were calculated

for each county using emission factors and Energy Information Administration fuel use

information. The EIA kerosene consumption data are reported for each State. Commonwealth

consumption was allocated to counties using data obtained fro m the County Business Patterns

and the U.S. Census Bureau.

SAMPLE CALCULATIONS:

Residential Kerosene :

The emissions for residential kerosene combustion were determined by allocating total

residential kerosene consumption in the Commonwealth to each c ounty. This allocation was

performed using the ratio of dwelling units (DU) heating with kerosene in a county to the number

of dwelling units heating with kerosene in the Commonwealth. The following is the general

equation used to calculate emissions fro m residential kerosene combustion.38



### where:

VOC Emission Factor = 0.7 lbs/1000 gallons/year 27



### NO

x 

### Emission Factor = 17.4 lbs/1000 gallons/year 27



### CO Emission Factor = 4.8 lbs/1000 gallons/year 27



### SO 2 

### Emission Factor = 41.1 lbs/1000 gallons/year 27



### PM10

- FIL Emission Factor = 1.08 lbs/1000 gallon s/year 39



### PM25

- FIL Emission Factor = 0.83 lbs/1000 gallons/year 39



### PM

- CON Emission Factor = 1.3 lbs/1000 gallons/year 39



### PA Residential Kerosene Fuel Use = 83,366 thousands of gallons 42



### 2000 County Kerosene

- Burning DUs = 8123 Dwelling Units (Allegheny

County) 7



### 2000 State Ker osene

- Burning DUs = 1,217,155 Dwelling Units 7



### VOC Emissions :

Summer work weekday VOC emissions = annual VOC emissions  summer work weekday allocation factor

Summer work weekday allo cation factor = 0.00275 4

Summer work weekday VOC emissions =0.1947  0.00275=0.000536 tons VOC per day



### CO Emissions :

Summer work weekday CO emissions = annual CO emissions  summer work weekday allocation factor

Summer work weekday allocation factor = 0.00275 4

Summer work weekday CO emissions = 1.3353  0.00275=0.00367 tons CO per day

Winter work weekday CO emissions = annual CO emissi ons  winter work weekday allocation factor

Winter work weekday allocation factor = 0.00275 4

Winter work weekday CO emissions = 1.3353  0.00275=0.00367 tons CO per day



### Commercial/Institutional Kerosene :39



### Th e total amount of fuel oil was apportioned to each county according to the number of

commercial facilities, which was obtained from County Business Patterns

. 2 

### The total

Commercial/Institutional kerosene cons umption in the Commonwealth was obtained from the

Energy Information Administration. 42 

### The emission factors used for Commercial/Institutional

Kerosene were the same as those used for Commercial/ Institutiona l Distillate Fuel Oil as per

EIIP guidance. Each county’s emissions for commercial/institutional fuel oil combustion were

estimated per the following sample calculations.

where:

VOC Emission Factor = 0.34 lbs/1000 gallons/year 39



### NO

x 

### Emission Factor = 20 lbs/1000 gallons/year 39



### CO Emission Factor = 5 lbs/1000 gallons/year 39



### SO 2 

### Emission Fa ctor = 142 lbs/1000 gallons/year 39 

###  0.3% sulfur content =

42.6 lbs/1000 gallons/year

PM10

- FIL Emission Factor = 1.08 lbs/1000 gallons/year 39



### PM25

- FIL Emission Factor = 0.83 lbs/1000 gallons/year 39



### PM

- CON Emission Factor = 1.3 lbs/1000 gallons/year 39



### Kerosene Sulfur Content = 0.3% 27



### County Commercial Sector Facilities = 24,654 (Allegheny County) 2



### Commonwealth Commercial Sector Facilities = 197,795 2



### Commercial/Institutional Keros ene Oil Use = 16,290 thousands of gallons 42



### VOC Emissions :

Summer work weekday VOC emissions = annual VOC emissions  summer work weekday allocation factor

Summer work weekday alloca tion factor = 0.00283 4

Summer work weekday VOC emissions = 0.3452  0.00283 = 0.000976 tons VOC per day



### CO Emissions :40

Summer work weekday CO emissions = annual CO emissions  summer work weekday allocation factor

Summer work weekday allocation factor = 0.00283 4

Summer work weekday CO emissions = 5.0761  0.00283 = 0.0143 tons CO per day

Winter work weekday CO emissions = annual CO emis sions  winter work weekday allocation factor

Winter work weekday allocation factor = 0.00283 4

Winter work weekday CO emissions = 5.0761  0.00283 = 0.0143 tons CO per day



### LANDFILLS (SCC 2620030000)

Municip al solid waste landfills receive primarily household and/or commercial waste. The VOC

emissions from landfills are produced by volatilization, chemical reaction, and biological

decomposition of refuse material.

The emissions were calculated using the t otal amount of refuse in Pennsylvania’s municipal solid
waste landfills, not the landfills’ capacity. Since landfills continue to emit VOCs long after they

are closed (at least 20 years), data from active and inactive landfills were collected.

For active landfills, data from page two of the 2002 “Annual Facility Capacity Report” for each

landfill were collected. In particular, Total Waste Accepted was needed for the final emissions

calculation.

Several landfills that were included in the 1996 Pennsylvan ia area source inventory were not

included in the compilation of 2002 facility reports provided by PA DEP. After confirming with

PA DEP that these landfills are inactive (in a few cases the landfills had merely been renamed),

the 1996 Total Waste Accepted data for these now

- closed landfills were incorporated into the

2002 inventory.

Total Waste Accepted was summed at the county level to calculate the total landfill emissions in

each county. The emissions estimate was adjusted for precipitation. Each cou nty’s emissions

were estimated per the following sample calculation.

SAMPLE VOC EMISSION CALCULATION:

Annual VOC Emissions = (Emission Factor)(Precipitation Adjustment Factor)(Tons of Waste)41



### where:

Emission Factor = 13.6 tons VOC/1,000,000 tons of waste

Precipitation Adjustment Factor = 2.6

Amount of Waste = 19,422,841.6 tons of waste (Allegheny County)

Summer work weekday VOC emissions = annual VOC emissions  summer work weekday allocation factor

Summer work weekday allocation f actor = 0.00275 4

Summer work weekday VOC emissions = 686.7917  0.00275 = 1.8887 tons VOC per day



### MACHINERY AND EQUIPMENT (SCC 2401055000)

The VOC emissions from this source category result from the evapor ation of the solvent used in

the coating process in manufacturing facilities, such as engines, turbines, farm and garden

equipment, computers, and office machinery. The emissions for each county were calculated

using an employment

- based emission factor an d employee data from NAICS Codes 333 (except

333314 and 333315), 33271, 332991, 332997, 3341, and 336391. The number of employees in

each county for 2001 was obtained from County Business Patterns 2 

### and grown to 2002 using the

ratio of 2002 total Commonwea lth employees to 2001 total Commonwealth employees obtained

from the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS)

. 3 

### Point source emissions, where present, were

subtracted from the Machinery and Equipment category emissi on estimates.

SAMPLE VOC EMISSION CALCULATIONS:

Annual VOC Emissions = (Emission Factor)(Number of Employees)

where:

VOC Emission Factor = 77 lbs VOC /employee/year 16



### Employees = 4944 employees (Allegheny County) 2 3

Summer work weekday VOC emissions = annual VOC emissions  summer work weekday allocation factor

Summer work weekday allocation factor = 0.00277 442

Summer work weekday VOC emissions = 190.344  0.00277 = 0.5282 tons VOC per day



### MARINE COATING (SCC 2401080000)

This source category includes ship and boat building and repairing. The emissions we re calculated using an employment

- based emission factor and employee data from NAICS code

33661. The number of employees in each county for 2001 was obtained from County Business

Patterns 2 

### and grown to 2002 using the ratio of 2002 total Commonwealth employees to 2001

total Commonwealth employees obtained from the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS)

. 3 

### Each
county’s emissions were estimated per the following sample calculations below. Point sourc e emissions, where present, were subtracted from these emission estimates.

SAMPLE VOC EMISSION CALCULATIONS:

Annual VOC Emissions = (Emission Factor)(Number of Employees)

where:

Emission Factor = 308 lbs VOC /employee/year 16



### Employees = 52 employees (Allegheny County) 2 3

Summer work weekday VOC emissions = annual VOC emissions  summer work weekday allocation factor

Summer work weekday allocation factor = 0.0028 4

Summer work weekday VOC emissions = 8.008  0.0028 = 0.0222 tons VOC per day



### METAL CANS (SCC 2401040000)

This source category includes the m anufacturing of metal cans, barrels, drums, kegs, and pails.

The emissions from point sources, where present, were subtracted from the emissions of the

corresponding county. The emissions for each county were calculated per the calculation below

using an employment

- based emission factor and employee data from NAICS Codes 332431 and

332439. The number of employees in each county for 2001 was obtained from County Business

Patterns 2 

### and grown to 2002 using the ratio of 2002 total Commonwealth employees to 2001
total Commonwealth employees obtained from the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS)

. 3 

### Point

source emissions, where present, were subtracted from these emission estimates.

SAMPLE VOC EMISSION CALCULATION:43



### Annual VOC Emissions = (Emission Factor)(Number of Employees)

where:

Emission Factor = 6,029 lbs VOC/employee/year 16



### Employees =48 employees (Allegheny County) 2 3

Summer work weekday VOC emissions = annual VOC emissions  summer work weekday allocation factor

Summer work weekday allocation factor = 0.0028 4

Summer work weekday VOC emissions = 144.696  0.0028 = 0.4015 tons VOC per day



### METAL FURNITURE AND FIXTURES (SCC 2401025000)

This source category includes manufacturing metal household and office furniture, such as beds,

cabinets, desks, bookcases, and chairs. The emissions for each county were calculated per the

sample calculations below using an employment

- based emission factor and employee data for

NAICS codes 337121, 337124, 337214, and 337215. The number of employees in each county

for 2001 was ob tained from County Business Patterns 2 

### and grown to 2002 using the ratio of

2002 total Commonwealth employees to 2001 total Commonwealth employees obtained from the

Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS). 3 

### Point source emissions, where present, were subtracted from

these emission estimates.

SAMPLE VOC EMISSION CALCULATIONS:

Annual VOC Emissions = (Emission Factor)(Number of Employees)

where:

Emission Factor = 1, 597 lbs VOC /employee/year 16



### Employees = 487 employees (Allegheny County) 2 344

Summer work weekday VOC e missions = annual VOC emissions  summer work weekday allocation factor

Summer work weekday allocation factor = 0.0028 4

Summer work weekday VOC emissions = 388.8695  0.0028 = 1.0790 tons VOC per day



### MISCELLA NEOUS FINISHED METAL (SCC 2401050000)

This source category includes facilities which enamel, lacquer, and/or varnish metals. The

emissions for each county were calculated per the sample calculations below using an

employment

- based emission factor and emp loyee data from NAICS Codes 332812, 339911,

339912, and 339914. The number of employees in each county for 2001 was obtained from

County Business Patterns 2 

### and grown to 2002 using the ratio of 2002 total Com monwealth

employees to 2001 total Commonwealth employees obtained from the Bureau of Labor Statistics

(BLS)

. 3 

### Point source emissions, where present, were subtracted from these emission estimates.

SAMPLE V

OC EMISSION CALCULATIONS:

Annual VOC Emissions = (Emission Factor)(Number of Employees)

where:

Emission Factor = 2,877 lbs VOC/employee/year 16



### Employees = 683 employees (Allegheny County) 2 3

Summer work weekday VOC emissions = annual VOC emissions  summer work weekday allocation factor

Summer work weekday allocation factor = 0.0028 4

Summer work weekday VOC emissions = 982.4955  0.0028 = 2.7262 tons VOC per day45



### MISCELLANEOUS MANUFACTURING (SCC 2401090000)

This source category includes establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing products not

classif ied in any other group such as jewelry, silverware, musical instruments, dolls, toys, games,

pens, pencils, buttons, brooms, and caskets. The emissions for each county were calculated per

the sample calculations below using a per capita emission factor an d U.S. Census Bureau

population data. Point source emissions, where present, were subtracted from these emission

estimates.

SAMPLE VOC EMISSION CALCULATIONS:

Annual VOC Emissions = (Emission Factor)(Population)

where:

Emission Factor = 0.6 lbs VOC/ person/year 16



### Population =1,269,904 (Allegheny County) 7

Summer work weekday VOC emissions = annual VOC emissions  summer work weekday allocation facto r Summer work weekday allocation factor = 0.0028 4

Summer work weekday VOC Emissions = 380.9712  0.0028 = 1.0633 tons VOC per day



### NATURAL GAS AND LIQUIFIED PETROLEUM GAS (LPG) (4 SCCs)

(Residential Natural Gas SCC 2104006000, Commercial/Institutional Natural Gas SCC

2103006000, Residential LPG SCC 2104007000, Commercial/Institutional LPG SCC

2103007000)

Natural gas and LPG are used in residential, commercial/institutional, and industrial facilities.

Industr ial natural gas and LPG consumption is considered to be covered in the point source

inventory. Area source natural gas and LPG emissions were estimated using fuel consumption

data and AP

- 42 emission factors. Because monthly natural gas consumption data w ere available,

these data were used in developing the summer and winter season work weekday allocation

factors. Consumption data were apportioned according to the number of dwelling units heating

with natural gas/LPG, which was available from U.S. Census Bureau data (for residential

sources), and according to the number of commercial sector facilities, obtained from County

Business Patterns (for commercial/institutional sources). Commercial and Residential LPG

consumption was not available for 2002; there fore, the 2001 consumption was grown to 2002 by46



### applying the ratio of 2002 Commercial/Residential propane sales in Pennsylvania to 2001

Commercial/Residential propane sales in the Commonwealth. Commercial LPG consumption in

2001 was obtained from the Ener gy Information Administration’s State Energy Data 2001

. Propane sales for 2001 and 2002 were obtained from Petroleum Marketing Annual. 51 52 

### Each
county’s emissions were estimated using the sample calculations below. For Commercial sector

categories, point sources, where present, were subtracted from the emissions of the

corresponding county.

SAMPLE CALCULATIONS:

Natural Gas :

Residential Natural Gas :

where:

VOC Emission Factor = 5.5 lbs/MMcf (million cubic feet)/year 39



### NO

x 

### Emission Factor = 94 lbs/MMcf/year 39



### CO Emission Factor = 40 lbs/MMcf/year 39



### SO 2 

### Emission Factor = 0.6 lbs/MMcf/year 39



### PM10

- FIL Emission Factor = 1.9 lbs/MMcf/year 39



### PM25

- FIL Emission Factor =1.9 lbs/MMcf/year 39



### PM

- CON Emission Fa ctor =5.7 lbs/MMcf/year 39



### Pb Emission Factor = 0.0005 lbs/MMcf/year 39



### Residential Natural Gas Consumption = 237,640 MMcf 53



### County Dwelling Units Heating with Na tural Gas = 474,292 (Allegheny County) 7



### State Dwelling Units Heating with Natural Gas = 2,452,941 units 7



### VOC Emissions :

Summer wor

k weekday VOC emissions = annual VOC emissions  summer work weekday allocation factor

Summer work weekday allocation factor = 0.000783 54

Summer work weekday VOC emissions = 126.3604  0.000783 = 0.0989 tons VOC per day



### CO Emissions :47

Summer work weekday VOC emissions = annual VOC emissions  summer work weekday allocation factor

Summer work weekday allocation factor = 0.000783 54

Summer work weekday CO emissions = 918.9846  0.000783 = 0.7196 tons CO per day

Winter work weekday CO emissions = annual CO emissions  winter work weekday allocation factor

Winter work weekday allocation factor =0.00526 54

Winter work weekday CO emissions = 918.9 846  0.00526 = 4.8370 tons CO per day



### Commercial/Institutional Natural Gas :

where:

VOC Emission Factor = 5.5 lbs/MMcf (million cubic feet)/year 39



### NO

x 

### Emission Factor = 100 lbs/M Mcf/year 39



### CO Emission Factor = 84 lbs/MMcf/year 39



### SO 2 

### Emission Factor = 0.6 lbs/MMcf/year 39



### PM10

- FIL Emission F

actor = 1.9 lbs/MMcf/year 39



### PM25

- FIL Emission Factor = 1.9 lbs/MMcf/year 39



### PM

- CON Emission Factor = 5.7 lbs/MMcf/year 39



### Pb Emission Factor = 0.0005 lbs/MMcf/year 39



### Commercial Natural Gas Consumption = 148,346 MMcf 53



### County Commercial Sector Facilities = 24,654 (Allegheny County) 2



### Commonwealth Commercial Sector Facilities = 197,795 2



### VOC Emissions :

Summer work weekday VOC emissions = annual VOC emission s  summer work weekday allocation factor

Summer work weekday allocation factor =0.00125 55

Summer work weekday VOC emissions = 50.8488  0.00125 = 0.0634 tons VOC per day48 

### CO Emissions :

Summer work weekday CO emissions = annual CO emissions  summer work weekday allocation factor

Summer work weekday allocation factor = 0.00125 55

Summer work weekday CO emissions = 776.5997  0.00125 = 0.9683 tons CO per day

Winter work weekday CO emiss ions = annual CO emissions  winter work weekday allocation factor

Winter work weekday allocation factor =0.00478 55

Winter work weekday CO emissions =776.5997  0.00478 = 3.7121 tons CO per day



### LPG :

Residen tial LPG :

where:

VOC Emission Factor = 0.5 lbs/1000 gallons/year 39



### NO

x 

### Emission Factor = 14 lbs/1000 gallons/year 39



### CO Emission Facto r = 1.9 lbs/1000 gallons/year 39



### SO 2 

### Emission Factor = 0.1 lbs/1000 gallons/year 39 

###  0.54 grains/100 cubic feet

= 0.054 lbs/1000 gallons/year

PM10

- FIL Emission F

actor = 0.4 lbs/1000 gallons/year 39



### PM25

- FIL Emission Factor = 0.4 lbs/1000 gallons/year 39



### PM

- CON Emission Factor = 0.506 lbs/1000 gallons/year 39



### Residential LPG Sulfur Content = 0.54 grains/100 cubic feet 27



### Residential LPG Consumption = 157,014,873.6 gallons 25 51 52



### County Dwelling Units Heating with LPG = 4317 units (Allegheny County) 7



### Commonwealth Dwelling Units Heating with LP G = 145,254 units 7



### Residential LPG Consumption Calculation : 25 51 5249



### Data Sources for Residential LPG Consumption Calculation:

2001 Residential LPG Consumption 25



### 2002 PA Propane Consumption 51



### 200 1 PA Propane Consumption 43



### VOC Emissions :

Summer work weekday VOC emissions = annual VOC emissions  summer work weekday allocation factor

Summer work weekday allocation factor = 0 .00275 4

Summer work weekday VOC emissions = 1.1666  0.00275 = 0.00321 tons VOC per day



### CO Emissions :

Summer work weekday CO emissions = annual CO emissions  summer work weekday al location factor

Summer work weekday allocation factor = 0.00275 4

Summer work weekday CO emissions = 4.4332  0.00275 = 0.0122 tons CO per day

Winter work weekday CO emissions = annual CO emissions  winter w ork weekday allocation factor

Winter work weekday allocation factor = 0.00275 4

Winter work weekday CO emissions = 4.4332  0.00275 = 0.0122 tons CO per day



### Commercial/Institutional LPG :50



### where:

VOC Emission Factor = 0.5 lbs/1000 gallons/year 39



### NO

x 

### Emission Factor = 14 lbs/1000 gallons/year 39



### CO Emission Factor = 1.9 lbs/1000 gallons/year 39



### SO 2 

### Emission Factor = 0.1 lbs/1000 gallons/year 39 

###  0.54 grains/100 cubic feet

= 0.054 lbs/1000 gallons/year

PM10

- FIL Emission Factor = 0.4 lbs/1000 gallons/year 39



### PM25

- FIL Emission Factor = 0.4 lbs/1000 gallons/year 39



### PM

- CON Emission Factor = 0.506 lbs/1000 gallons/year 39



### Commercial/Institutional LPG Sulfur Content = 0.54 grains/100 cubic feet 27



### Commercial LPG Consumption = 1,380,620.1 gallons 25 51 52 

### (computed in the

same manner as Residential LPG Consumption above)

County Commercial Facilities = 24,654 (Allegheny County) 2



### Commonwealth C ommercial Facilities = 197,795 units 2



### VOC Emissions :

Summer work weekday VOC emissions = annual VOC emissions  summer work weekday allocation factor

Summer work weekday allocation f actor = 0.0028 4

Summer work weekday VOC emissions = 0.0430  0.0028 = 0.000122 tons VOC per day



### CO Emissions :

Summer work weekday CO emissions = annual CO emissions  summer work week day allocation factor

Summer work weekday allocation factor = 0.0028 4

Summer work weekday CO emissions = 0.1635  0.0028 = 0.000462 tons CO per day

Winter work weekday CO emissions = annual CO emissions  wi nter work weekday allocation factor

Winter work weekday allocation factor = 0.0028 451

Winter work weekday CO emissions = 0.1635  0.0028 = 0.000462 tons CO per day



### OPEN BURNING (5 SCCs)

(Residential Municipal Solid Waste Open Burning SCC 2610030000; Residential Leaf Open

Burning SCC 2610000100; Residential Brush Open Burning SCC 2610000400;

Commercial/Institutional Open Burning SCC 2610020000, Industrial Open Burning SCC

2610010000)

Open burning can be done i n open drums or baskets, in fields and yards, and in large open dumps

or pits. Materials commonly disposed of in this manner include municipal waste, auto body

components, landscape refuse, agricultural field refuse, wood refuse, bulky industrial refuse, and

leaves. For emission inventory purposes, Open Burning is divided into five categories:

Residential Municipal Solid Waste (MSW); Residential Leaf; Residential Brush;

Commercial/Institutional; and Industrial.

Criteria pollutant annual emissions associ ated with three of the Residential Open Burning

categories (i.e., MSW, Leaf, and Brush) were compiled from an inventory prepared for the Mid

Atlantic/Northeast Visibility Union (MANE

- VU). 56 

### Because the MANE

- VU estimates were

prepared at the Census tract le vel, it was necessary to aggregate these estimates to the county

level. In many cases, it was necessary to develop a county

- level RP value by weighting MANE

VU inventory Census tract level RP values by Census tract emissions. Seasonal emission

estimates were calculated from the annual estimates using the temporal allocation profiles

developed in the MANE

- VU inventory project.

Annual emission estimates for Commercial/Institutional and Industrial Open Burning were

calculated in this project using AP

- 42 emi ssion factors and population and employment based

emission activity loading factors. 16 39 

### U.S. Census Bureau population data were used in the

Residential and Commercial/Institutional calculations, while the number of Manufacturing

employees (NAICS 31

- 33) was used for the Industrial category. The 2001 Manufacturing sector

employment data from County Business Patterns 2 

### was grown to 2002 using the ratio of the 2002

Pennsylvania Manufacturing sector employment to the 2001 Pennsylvania Manufacturing sector

employment obtained from the Bureau of Labor Statistics. 3 

### Seasona l Commercial/Institutional

and Industrial emission estimates were developed by applying temporal allocation profiles from

EPA’s EMCH to the annual emission estimates. 4 

### Commercial/Institutional and Industrial Open
Burning are prohibited in the Commonwealth. An 80 percent RE value was applied to each
county’s Commercial/Institutional and Industrial emissions to reflect less than 100 percent

compliance with the burning ban. 57 

### For the Industrial and Commercial s ector source categories,

point source emissions, where present, were subtracted from these emission estimates.

The following provides samples of the emission calculations performed in this effort for each of

the five open burning categories.

SAMPLE CALCU

LATIONS:52



### Residential MSW Open Burning :

(See MANE

- VU inventory report for discussion of annual emission calculations) 56



### Annual VOC emissions (Allegheny County) = 0.3823 tons VOC per year

Summer work weekda y VOC emissions = annual VOC emissions  summer work weekday allocation factor

Summer work weekday allocation factor = 0.0021 56

Summer work weekday VOC emissions = 0.3823  0.0021 = 0.0008 tons VOC per day



### Ann ual PM10

- PRI emissions (Allegheny County) = 1.6979 tons VOC per year

Winter work weekday PM10

- PRI emissions = annual PM10

- PRI emissions  winter work weekday

allocation factor

Winter work weekday allocation factor = 0.0021 56

Winter work weekday PM10

- PRI emissions = 1.6979  0.0021 = 7.2489 tons VOC per day



### Residential Leaf Open Burning :

(See MANE

- VU inventory report for discussion of annual emission calculations) 56



### Because the summer and winter season work weekday allocation factors for leaf burning are 0,

summer season work weekday and winter season work weekday emissions are 0.

Residential Brush Open Burning :

(See MANE

- VU inventory report for discussion of annual emission calculations) 56



### Annual VOC emissions (Allegheny County) = 0.2263 tons VOC per year

Summer work weekday VOC emissions = annual VOC emissions  summer work weekday allocation factor

Summer work weekday allocation factor = 0.0005 56

Summer work weekday VOC emissions = 0.2263  0.0005 = 0.0001 tons VOC per day



### Annual PM10

- PRI emissions (Allegheny County) = 0.235 tons VOC per year

Winter work weekday P

M10

- PRI emissions = annual PM10

- PRI emissions  winter work weekday

allocation factor

Winter work weekday allocation factor = 0.0017 56

Winter work weekday PM10

- PRI emissions = 0.235  0.0017 = 0.00004 tons VOC per day



### Commercial/Institutional Open Burning :

where:

VOC Emission Factor = 30 lbs VOC/ton waste/year 3953 

### NO

x 

### Emission Factor = 6 lbs NO

x 

### /ton waste/year 39



### CO Emission Factor = 85 lbs CO/ton waste/year 39



### Loading Factor = 24 tons waste/1000 people 39



### Population = 94,437 people ( Adams County

– th is is non

- air basin county) 7



### CE (Control Efficiency) = 100% 57



### RP (Rule Penetration) = 100%

RE (Rule Effectiveness) = 80% 57



### VOC Emissions :

Summer work weekday VOC emissions = annual VOC emissions  summer work weekday allocation factor

Summer work weekday allocation factor = 0.00275 4

Summer work weekday VOC emissions = 6.79 95  0.00275 = 0.0187 tons VOC per day



### CO Emissions :

Summer work weekday CO emissions = annual CO emissions  summer work weekday allocation factor

Summer work weekday allocation factor = 0.00275 4

Summer work weekday CO emissions =19.2651  0.00275 = 0.0530 tons CO per day

Winter work weekday CO emissions = annual CO emissions  winter work weekday allocation factor

Winter work weekday allocation factor = 0.00275 4

Winter work weekday CO emissions = 19.2651  0.00275 = 0.0530 tons CO per day



### Industrial Open Burning :

where:

Emission Factors are the same as for Commercial/Institutional Open Burning

Loading Factor = 160 tons waste/1000 employees 3954 

### Employees = 8,216 employees ( Adams County

– this is non

- air basin county) 2 3



### Control Efficiency = 100% 57



### Rule Penetration = 100%

Rule Effectiveness = 80% 57



### VOC Emissions :

Summer work weekday VOC emissions = annual VOC emissions  summer work weekday allocation factor

Summer work weekday allocation factor = 0.00275 4

Summer work weekday VOC emissions = 3.9437  0.00275 = 0.0108 tons VOC per day



### CO Emissions :

Summer work weekday CO emissions = annual CO emissions  summer work weekday allocation factor

Summer work weekday allocation factor = 0.00275 4

Summer work weekday CO emissions =11.1738  0.00275 = 0.0307 tons CO per da y

Winter work weekday CO emissions = annual CO emissions  winter work weekday allocation factor

Winter work weekday allocation factor = 0.00275 4

Winter work weekday CO emissions = 11.1738  0.00275 = 0.0307 tons CO per day



### OTHER SPECIAL PURPOSE COATING (SCC 2401200000)

This category includes special purpose coatings used for applications such as maintenance

operations at industrial and other facilities, auto refinishing, traffic paints, marine finishes, an d

aerosol sprays. Note that this category covers those specific coating processes not already

included in other source categories (e.g., High Performance Industrial Maintenance Coatings).

Emissions for this category were estimated using a per capita emis sion factor and U.S. Bureau of
the Census population data. Each county’s emissions were calculated per the following sample

calculations.55



### SAMPLE VOC EMISSION CALCULATIONS:

where:

VOC Emission Factor = 0.8 lbs VOC/person/year 16



### Population = 1,269,904 (Allegheny County) 7



### Control Efficiency = 20% 5



### Rule Penetration = 100%

Rule Effectiveness = 100%

Summer work weekday VOC emissions = annual VOC emissions  summer work weekday allocation factor

Summer work weekday allocation factor = 0.00356 9

Summer work weekday VOC emissions = 406.3693  0.00356 = 1.4473 tons VOC per day



### OTHER TRANSPORTATION (SCC 2401085000)

This source category includes the finishing of vehicles and vehicle parts not included in other

source categories (note that area source emissions were not estimated for the Motor Vehicle

Surface Coating categor y because all Pennsylvania automobile assembly plants are assumed to be

included in the point source inventory). The emissions for each county were calculated per the

sample calculations below using an employment

- based emission factor and employee data fr om NAICS Codes 33633, 33634, 33635, 333924, 336312, 336322, 336399, 336411, 336413, and

33651. The number of employees in each county for 2001 was obtained from County Business

Patterns 2 

### and grown to 2002 us ing the ratio or 2002 total Commonwealth employees to 2001

total Commonwealth employees obtained from the Bureau of Labor Statistics. 3 

### Point source

emissions, where present, were subtracted from these emissi on estimates. Note that emissions
for this category are reported using the Railroad SCC because there is no “Other Transportation”

SCC.

SAMPLE VOC EMISSION CALCULATIONS:

Annual VOC Emissions = (Emission Factor)(Number of Employees)

where:

VOC Emission Factor = 35 lbs VOC/employee/year 16



### Employees = 2556 employees (Allegheny County) 2 356

Summer work wee kday VOC emissions = annual VOC emissions  summer work weekday allocation factor

Summer work weekday allocation factor = 0.00287 4

Summer work weekday VOC emissions = 44.73  0.00287 = 0.1282 tons VOC per day



### PESTICIDE APPLICATION (SCC 2461800000)

Pesticides, which contain petroleum solvents and synthetic organic ingredients, are used to kill or

retard the growth of insects, rodents, fungi, weeds, or microorganisms. The bulk of pesticide

application is asso ciated with agriculture and, therefore, occurs in rural areas. The VOC

emissions for each county were estimated using an emission factor based on the number of

harvested acres. Harvested acreage data were obtained from the U.S. Department of
Agriculture’ s National Agricultural Statistics Service. 58



### SAMPLE VOC EMISSION CALCULATIONS:

Annual VOC Emissions = (Emission Factor)(Acres Harvested)

where:

VOC Emission Factor = 3.5 lbs VOC /acre harvested/year 16



### Acres Harvested = 10,527.2490 acres harvested (Allegheny County) 58

Summer work weekday VOC emissions = annual VOC emissions  summer work weekday allocation factor

Summer work weekday allocation factor = 0.00277 4

Summer work weekday VOC emissions = 18.4227  0.00277 = 0.0510 tons VOC per day



### PORTABLE GASOLINE CONTAINERS (SCC 2501060300)

This category covers emissions from residential and commercial sector p ortable gasoline

containers. This category accounts for permeation, diurnal, transport, spillage, and vapor57



### displacement emissions. Permeation, diurnal, and transport emissions are based on daily

gasoline container throughput data. Gasoline throughput f or 2002 was estimated based on gas

container population and use data obtained from a California Air Resources Board survey. 59 

### The

year 2002 residential container population was estimated from the county

- level number of

occupied housing units. 60 

### For countie s for which 2002 occupied housing units data were not

available, 2000 year housing units data 61 

### were projected to 2002 based on county population

growth rates. 7 

### The year 2002 commercial container population w as estimated from the number

of commercial sector businesses. 62 

### County

- level nonroad equipment gasoline consumption

estimates were obtained from the NONROAD model. 63



### County

- level year 2002 housing unit, commercial facility, and gasoline throughput data w ere then used in the emission calculation procedures described in Control Measure Development

Support Analysis of Ozone Transport Commission Model Rules. 9 

### For the permeation, diurnal,

and transport emission processes, these procedures result in daily emission estimates for both

residential and commercial. These emissions were converted to annual emissions by multiplying

by 214 days based on the assumption that nonroad equipment is fueled via gas containers

p rimarily between April and October. The resulting annual emission estimates were then added

to the spillage and vapor displacement annual emissions estimates, which were developed from

annual NONROAD model gasoline consumption data, to yield total portabl e gasoline container

annual emissions for each county. Summer season work weekday allocation factors were

developed from the NONROAD model temporal allocations and applied to the annual emissions

estimates to obtain summer season workday emissions. 63



### SAMPLE VOC EMISSION CALCULATION:

For Allegheny County :

where (calculated using Ozone Transport Commission methods):

Allegheny Residential Permeation VOC Emissions = 299,065.1043 g/day

A llegheny Residential Diurnal VOC Emissions = 2,582,567.049 g/day

Allegheny Residential Transport VOC Emissions = 141,733.9079 g/day

Allegheny Commercial Permeation VOC Emissions = 41,816.3711 g/day

Allegheny Commercial Diurnal VOC Emissions = 408,285.9064 g/day

Allegheny Commercial Transport VOC Emissions = 255,584.0428 g/day

Annual Permeation, Diurnal, and Transport VOC Emissions = 3,729,052.382 g/day  214

Annual Permeation, Diurnal, and Transport VOC Emissions = 798,017,209.6 g/year

Total Annual Emiss ions = Annual Permeation, Diurnal, and Transport Emissions + Annual

Spillage Emissions + Annual Vapor Displacement Emissions

where:

Spillage VOC Emissions = 307,338,392.7 g/year

Vapor Displacement VOC Emissions = 93,509,532.4 g/year58



### Total Annual Emission s = 798,017,209.6 g/year + 307,338,392.7 g/year + 93,509,532.4 g/year

Total Annual Emissions = 1,198,865,134.7 g/year 

= 1,321.5226 tons/year

Summer work weekday VOC emissions = annual VOC emissions  summer work weekday allo cation factor

Summer work weekday allocation factor = summer month proportion  weekday ratio/number of

weekdays in summer

Summer work weekday allocation factor = 0.3600  0.692/65 = 0.00383 63

Summer work weekday VOC emission s = 1321.5226  0.00383 = 5.0639 tons VOC per day



### REFRIGERANT LOSSES (SCC 2399010000)

This source category covers industrial refrigerant losses from refrigeration equipment used in

such industries as ice cream manufacturing, meat packing plants, ice manufa cturing, and

refrigerated warehousing. Losses occur in both the normal use of refrigeration systems and

during malfunctions. Emissions for each county were estimated using an employment

- based

emission factor 64

, 65 

### and the number of employees in the following NAICS codes: 311611,

311612, 311613, 311615, 311512

- 311514, 31152, 311411, 311412, 311421

- 311423, 31181,

31132, 31133, 31211

- 31213, 31171, 312113, 311991, 311999, 325211, 49312, 311612, 42281,
42282. The number of employees in each county was obtained from County Business Patterns 66



### and grown to 2002 using the ratio of 2002 total Commonwealth employees to 2001 total
Commonwealth employees obtained from the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS). Each county’s

emissions were estimated per the sample calculations be low.

SAMPLE NH 3 

### EMISSION CALCULATION:

Annual NH

3 

### Emissions = (Emission Factor)(Number of Employees in Sector)

Where:

Emission Factor = 30 lbs NH 3 

### / employee/ year

Employees = 8265 (Allegheny County)

Annual NH

3 

### Emissions = 247,950 pounds NH 3 

### per year * = 123.975 tons NH 3 

### / year59



### PORTABLE GAS CONTAINERS

This category covers emissions from portable gas container use, both commercial and

residential. Emission estimates account for permeation, diurnal, transport

- spillage,

spillage, and vapor displacement emissions. Estimated use data is based on survey

information from the California Air Resources Board. The number of housing units is

used as an indicator for residential containers. The number of commercial bus inesses

expected to have at least one gas container is used to estimate commercial use. Emissions

for 1996 were taken from estimates developed for the analysis of the OTC Model Rules 29



### . Emissions were then projected to 1999 using population as the growth indicato PUBLIC

OWNED TREATMENT WORKS (3 SCCs)

Public Owned Treatment Works (POTWs) are wastewater treatment plants typically owned by

municipalities. Emissions are calculated for three POTW processes: POTW Wastewater

Treatment Processes (SCC 2630020010 ), POTW Biosolids Processes (SCC 2630020020), and

Biosolids Land Application (SCC 2630050000). Biosolids are recyclable solid, semisolid, or

liquid untreated residue from sewage treatment in a wastewater treatment plant.

Although both VOC and NH 3 

### emissio ns result from each of the three processes included in this

category, VOC emissions are only estimated for POTW Wastewater Treatment Processes (SCC

2630020010) because of the lack of VOC emission factors for the other processes. Annual NH 3 

### emission estima tes were taken from an on

- going Mid

- Atlantic/Northeast Visibility Union

(MANE

- VU) inventory development project. As part of this Pennsylvania inventory effort,

annual VOC emissions were estimated for the POTW Wastewater Treatment Processes category

using the MANE

- VU project Pennsylvania emission activity data (total POTW flow) and an AP

42 sewage treatment emission factor. 28 

### Summer season work weekday emissions were

calculated for each process using a summer season work weekday allocation factor based on EIIP

temporal allocation guidance. 1



### Year 2000 POTW flow data for Pennsylvania facilities were obtained from the EPA Office of
Wastewater Management’s year 200 0 Clean Watersheds Needs Survey. 67 

### Year 2002 wastewater
flow was estimated from the county population change between 2000 and 2002. 7 

### Year 2000
statewide biosolids generation was obtained from BioCycle 2000. 68 

### Facility

- level biosolids

production was estimated based on allocating State generation using facility

- level wastewater

flow rates. Year 2002 biosolids generation was estimated by applying Bureau of Census county

population growth rates to year 2000 gene ration. 7 

### Land application of total biosolids generation

was calculated by multiplying total generation by 55 percent, which represents the percentage of

total Pennsylvania biosolids generation applied to lan d. 68 

### Further information on the annual

emission estimation methods for the processes in this category will be available in a forthcoming

report prepared for MANE

- VU. Where present, point source emissions we re subtracted from the60



### emissions of the corresponding county. Each county’s emissions were calculated per the

following sample calculations.

SAMPLE VOC CALCULATIONS:

where:

Emission Factor = 8.9 lbs VOC/millions of gallons flow

Flow = 75,290.54 million gallons (Allegheny County)

Summer work weekday VOC emissions = annual VOC emissions  summer work weekday allocation factor

Summer work weekday allocation factor = 0.00385 1

Summer work weekday VOC emissions = 335.04  0.00385 = 1.2899 tons VOC per day



### SAMPLE NH 3 

### CALCULATION:

Where:

G = Annual amount of wastewater processed (MMgal) = 75,290 (Allegheny Co.)

EF NH3 

### = Ammonia emission fac tor of 0.027 lb/ MMgal (Pechan, 2004a) 64



### Annual NH

3 

### Emissions = = 1.016415 Tons NH 3



### RESIDENTIAL WOOD COMBUSTION (7 SCCs)

(Fireplaces: Without Inserts SCC 2104008001; Fireplaces: Inserts

- Catalytic, non

- EPA

- certified

SCC 2104008002; Fireplaces: Inserts

- Non

- catalytic, EPA

- certified SCC 2104008003;

Fireplaces: Inserts

- Catalytic, EPA

- certified SCC 2104008004; Woodstoves

- Conventional

SCC 2104008010; Woodstoves

- Catalytic SCC 2104008030; and Woodstoves

- Non

- catalytic

SCC 2104008050)61



### Criteria pollutant annual emissions associated with residential heating with wood were compiled

from the 2002 nonpoint source National Emissions Inventory (NEI). 31 

### The 2002 NEI reports

residential wood combustion emissions in seven SCCs, each of which representing a specific

combustion equipment type. The NEI reports emissions for the following criteria pollutants:

VOC, NO

x 

### , CO, SO 2 

### , PM10

- PRI, and PM25

- PRI. The N EI residential wood combustion

emission estimation methodology is based on the national population of each equipment type and

an estimate of the amount of wood burned in each type of equipment. The national wood

combustion estimates by equipment type were then allocated to counties using a number of steps.

These steps incorporated information on heating degree days by climate zone, and the urban/rural

designation and number of single

- family detached homes in each county. Further details on the

annual emi ssion estimation methodology are available in a forthcoming 2002 nonpoint source

NEI document. 31



### The majority of the residential wood combustion emission factors were obtained from EPA's AP

42 document. 39 

### County

- level seasonal throughput percentages developed for the 2002 NEI were

applied in this effort to estimate winter season work weekday emissions (no residential wood

combustion activity was allocated to summer season mon ths).

SAMPLE SEASONAL CALCULATION (FIREPLACES WITHOUT INSERTS):

Annual PM10

- PRI emissions (Allegheny County) = 59.8205 tons VOC per year

Winter work weekday PM10

- PRI emissions = annual PM10

- PRI emissions  winter work weekday

allocation factor



### Winter work weekday allocation factor = 0.0044

Winter work weekday VOC emissions = 59.8205  0.0044 = 0.2632 tons VOC per day

PORTABLE GAS CONTAINERS

This category covers emissions from portable gas container use, both commercial and

residential. Emission estimat es account for permeation, diurnal, transport

- spillage,

spillage, and vapor displacement emissions. Estimated use data is based on survey

information from the California Air Resources Board. The number of housing units is

used as an indicator for residen tial containers. The number of commercial businesses

expected to have at least one gas container is used to estimate commercial use. Emissions

for 1996 were taken from estimates developed for the analysis of the OTC Model Rules 29



### . Emissions were then pr ojected to 1999 using population as the growth indicato SOLID

WASTE INCINERATION (2 SCCs)

(Commercial/Institutional Solid Waste Incineration SCC 2601020000, Industrial Solid Waste

Incineration SCC 2601010000)62



### Solid waste may consist of any discarded solid materials from commercial or industrial sources.

The materials may be combustible or noncombustible, and are often burned to reduce bulk,

unless direct burial is either available or practical. The resulting pollutants for the purpose of this

inventory ar e VOC, NO

x 

### , and CO. On

- site incineration is the confined burning of waste leaves,

landscape refuse, or other refuse or rubbish. Slash and large scale agricultural open burning are

not included in this emission category.

The emissions for each county wer e estimated per the sample calculations below using emission

factors and loading factors from AP

- 42, population data from the U.S. Census Bureau, and

employee data from County Business Patterns . Point source emissions, where present, were

subtracted from these emission estimates.

SAMPLE CALCULATIONS:

Commercial/Institutional Solid Waste Incineration :

Annual Emissions = (Emission Factor)(Loading Factor)(Population)

where:

VOC Emission Factor = 9.8 lbs VOC/ton waste burned/year 39



### NO

x 

### Emission Factor = 3.7 lbs NO

x 

### /ton waste burned/year 39



### CO Emission Factor = 37 lbs CO/ton waste burned/year 39



### Loading Factor = 54 tons/1000 people 39



### Population = 1,269,904 people (Allegheny County) 7



### VOC Emissions :

Summer work weekday VOC emissions = annual VOC emissions  summer work weekday allocation factor

Summer work week day allocation factor = 0.00275 4

Summer work weekday VOC emissions = 336.0166  0.00275 = 0.9240 tons VOC per day



### CO Emissions :63

Summer work weekday CO emissions = annual CO emission s  summer work weekday allocation factor

Summer work weekday allocation factor = 0.00275 4

Summer work weekday CO emissions =1268.6341  0.00275 = 3.4887 tons CO per day

Winter work weekday CO emissions = ann ual CO emissions  winter work weekday allocation factor

Winter work weekday allocation factor = 0.00275 4

Winter work weekday CO emissions = 1268.6341  0.00275 = 3.4887 tons CO per day



### Industrial Solid Waste Incineration :

Annual VOC Emissions = (Emission Factor)(Loading Factor)(Number of Employees)

where:

Emission Factors are the same as noted above

Loading Factor = 560 tons/1000 employees 39



### Employees = 48,544 employees (Al legheny County) 2 3



### VOC Emissions :

Summer work weekday VOC emissions = annual VOC emissions  summer work weekday allocation factor

S ummer work weekday allocation factor = 0.00275 4

Summer work weekday VOC emissions = 133.2047  0.00275 = 0.3663 tons VOC per day



### CO Emissions :

Summer work weekday CO emissions = annu al CO emissions  summer work weekday allocation factor64

Summer work weekday allocation factor = 0.00275 4

Summer work weekday CO emissions =502.9158  0.00275 = 1.3830 tons CO per day

Winter work weekday CO em issions = annual CO emissions  winter work weekday allocation factor

Winter work weekday allocation factor = 0.00275 4

Winter work weekday CO emissions = 502.9158  0.00275 = 1.3830 tons CO per day



### STRUCTURE FIRES (SCC 2810030000)

Building fires can produce short

- term emissions of VOC, NO

x 

### , CO, and PM. Structure fire

emissions were estimated using emission factors, a loading factor, and a default number of fires

per capita (note that PM10

- FIL, PM25

- FIL, and PM

- CON emission factors were not available).
Population data were obtained from the U.S. Census Bureau. Each county’s emissions were

calculated per the following sample calculations.

Annual Emissions = (Emission Factor)(Loading Factor)(Per Capita # of F ires)(Population)

where:

VOC Emission Factor = 11 lbs VOC/ton material burned/year 16



### NO

x 

### Emission Factor = 1.4 lbs NO

x 

### /ton material burned/year 16



### CO Emission Factor = 60 lbs CO/ton material burned/year 16



### Loading Factor = 1.15 tons material/fire 69



### Per Capita Number of Fires = 0.0018 fires/person 70



### Population = 1,269,904 (Allegheny County) 7



### VOC Emissions :

Summer work weekday VOC emissions = annual VOC emissions  summer work weekday allocation factor

Summer work weekday allocation factor = 0.002427 71

Summer work weekday VOC emissions = 14.4560  0.002427 = 0.03509 tons VOC per day



### CO Emissions :65

Summer work weekday CO emissions = annual CO emissions  summer work weekday allocation factor

Summer work weekday allocation factor = 0.002427 71

Summer work weekday CO emissions =7 8.8514  0.002427 = 0.1914 tons CO per day

Winter work weekday CO emissions = annual CO emissions  winter work weekday allocation factor

Winter work weekday allocation factor = 0.003126 71

Winter work weekday CO emissions = 78.8514  0.003126 = 0.2465 tons CO per day



### TRAFFIC LINE PAINTING (SCC 2401008000)

Traffic paints are used to mark pavement in applications such as dividing lines for traffic lanes,

parking space markings, crosswalks, and arrows. The mark ings are usually applied by

Commonwealth or local highway maintenance crews. VOC emissions result from the

evaporation of organic solvents during and shortly after application of the marking paint. Each
county’s emissions were calculated per “Alternative Method Three” described in the EIIP

emission estimation guidance document for this category. 72 

### The calculation uses a national per

capita emission factor based on 2002 data for national traffic paint consumption and U.S.

population. Control efficiency, r ule penetration, and rule effectiveness factors were incorporated

into the final calculation.

SAMPLE VOC EMISSION CALCULATIONS:

National per Capita Usage Factor = 39,397,000 gallons 73 

### /288,368,698 people 7



### National per Capita Usage Factor = 0.1366 gallons/person

where:

Emission Factor = 3.36 lbs VOC/gallon 72



### National per Capita Usage Factor = 0.1366 gallons/person

Population =1,269,904 (Allegheny County) 7



### CE (Control Efficiency) = 20% 5



### RP (Rule Penetration) = 100%

RE (Rule Effectiveness) = 100%66

Summer work wee kday VOC emissions = annual VOC emissions  summer work weekday allocation factor

Summer work weekday allocation factor = 0.00356 9

Summer work weekday VOC emissions = 233.1767  0.00356 = 0.8305 tons VOC per day



### TREATMENT, STORAGE, AND DISPOSAL FACILITIES (TSDF’S)

This source category applies to industrial wastewater and hazardous waste which is generated in

many industry types and sizes and include general waste categories such as contaminated

wastewaters, spent solvent re siduals, still bottoms, spent catalysts, electroplating wastes, metal

contaminated sludges, degreasing solvents, leaded tank bottoms, separator sludges, and off

specification chemicals. These wastes are generated at an industrial site and treated, stored

and/or disposed either on

- site at the industrial facility or off

- site at a commercial facility.

Operations involved in treatment, storage or disposal of hazardous wastes include impoundment

and tanks, land treatment, landfills and waste piles, transfer an d handling operation, injection

wells, incinerators, and organic compound removal devices.

The VOC emission estimates for this source category were developed by E.H. Pechan

company. 26 

### The estimates were derived from EPA Emissions Standard Division estim ates. A
growth factor , based on 1990 population and 1999 population projections , was applied to adjust

for 1999 estimates.

WINERIES (SCC 2302070005)

Winery emissions result from the entrainment of ethanol by carbon dioxide during wine

fermentation. F actors affecting ethanol emissions are handling techniques, temperature, process

equipment design, and fermenting parameters. Other sources of emissions from the wine making

process are blending, transferring, racking and storing of the wine.

Emissions were determined using 2002 county

- level wine production data provided by the

Pennsylvania Liquor Control Board (PLCB). 74 

### Because monthly production data were available,

these data were used to develop the seasonal allocation factors for this category. Th e emission

factors for both red and white wines were obtained from AP

- 42. 75 

### Since the emission factors for

the two types of wines are different, but wine type production data are no longer available, wine

production in the Commonwealth was assumed to be 60 percent white wine and 40 percent red

wine. 76 

### Point source emissions, where present, were subtracted from these emission estimates.
Each county’s emissions were estimated per the following sample calculations.

SAMPLE VOC EMISSION CALCULATIONS:67



### Annua l VOC Emissions = (0.6  White Wine Emission Factor + 0.4  Red Wine Emission

Factor)  (2002 Total Wine Production)

where:

White Wine Emission Factor = 1.80873 lbs VOC/1000 gallons white

wine/year

75



### Red Wine Emission Fact or = 4.6236 lbs VOC/1000 gallons red wine/year 75



### 2002 Total Wine Production = 8.270 thousand gallons (Adams County) 74



### 2002 Summer Wine Production = 3.000 thousand gallons (Adam s County) 74



### White Wine Production Factor = 60% of wine produced 76



### Red Wine Production Factor = 40% of wine produced 76

Summer work weekday VOC emissions = annual VOC emissions  summer work weekday allocation factor

Summer work weekday allocation factor = summer month wine production/annual wine production  weekday ratio/number of weekdays in summer

Summer work weekday allocation factor = 3.000/8.270  0.715/65 = 0.00399 (Adams County) 4 74

Summer work weekday VOC emissions = 0.0121  0.00399 = 0.0000484 tons VOC per day



### WOOD FURNITURE MANUFACTURING (SCC 2401020000)

This source category includes establishments engaged in the manufacture of wood home or office

furniture. VOC emissions result from the evaporation of solvents used in the finish coats and

cleanup proced ures. Point source emissions, where present, were subtracted from these emission
estimates. Each county’s emissions were calculated according to the sample calculations below

using a per employee emission factor and the number of employees in NAICS codes 337122,
337127, 337129, 337211, and 337212. The number of employees in each county for 2001 was

obtained from County Business Patterns 2 

### and grown to 2002 using the ratio of 2002 total

Commonwealth employees to 2001 total Commonwealth employees obtained from the Bureau of

Labor Statistics (BLS). 3



### A 30 percent reduction in VOC emissions was assumed based on a RACT

- based regulation. 77



### SAMPLE VOC EMISSION CALCULA TION:

Annual VOC Emissions = (Emission Factor)(Employees)(30% Control Efficiency Reduction)68



### where:

Emission Factor = 1,311 lbs VOC/employee/year 78



### Employees = 256 employees (Allegheny County) 2 3



### Control Efficiency = 30% 77



### Rule Penetration = 100%

Rule Effectiveness = 80%

Summer work weekday VOC emissions = annual VOC emissions  summer wo rk weekday allocation factor

Summer work weekday allocation factor = 0.00277 4

Summer work weekday VOC emissions = 127.5341  0.00277 = 0.3539 tons VOC per dayA

- 1 

## APPENDIX A: REFERENCES

1 Eastern Research Group, Inc., “Emission Inventory Improvement Program, Document Series, Volume III, Area

Sources, Chapter 1, Introduction to Area Source Emission Inventory Development (Revis ed Final),” prepared for the

Area Sources Committee, Emission Inventory Improvement Program, January 2001. (Note: Because this inventory

was prepared prior to November 2005, the Commonwealth did not apply the rule effectivness guidance found in

EPA

- 454/P

- 0 5

- 001)

2 U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census, County Business Patterns 2001, Pennsylvania , available

from http://www.census.gov/epcd/cbp/view/cbpview.html. 2003 , accessed October 2003.

3 U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Current Employment Statistics , available from http://www.bls.gov/cew/home.htm

, accessed November 2003.

4 U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, “Temporal Allo cation Data,” Emissions Modeling Clearinghouse,

available from http://www.epa.gov/ttn/chief/emch/temporal/ , accessed November 2003.

5 63 FR 48848, 1998: Federal Register , "National Volatile Orga nic Compound Emission Standards for

Architectural Coatings, Final Rule, Volume 63, Number 176, September 11, 1998.

6 U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census, 

### “ Table 2: 2002 Architectural Coating Shipments,” Current

Industrial Reports, Paint and A llied Products: 2002 , available from

http://www.census.gov/industry/1/ma325f02.pdf ), accessed October 2003.

7 U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census, “County Population Estimates Da ta Sets,” available from

http://eire.census.gov/popest/estimates_dataset.php , accessed November 2003.

8 Eastern Research Group, “Emission Inventory Improvement Program, Document Series, V olume III, Area Sources,
Chapter 3, Architectural Surface Coating,” prepared for the Area Sources Committee, Emission Inventory

Improvement Program, November 1995.

9 E.H. Pechan & Associates, Inc., Control Measure Development Support Analysis of Ozone Tra nsport Commission

Model Rules , prepared for the Ozone Transport Commission, March 2001.

10 Glen Heilman, Pennsylvania Association of Asphalt Material Applicators, personal communication with Andrea

Ramsey, E.H. Pechan & Associates, Inc., February 2004.

11 Ea stern Research Group, Inc., “Emission Inventory Improvement Program, Document Series, Volume III, Area
Sources, Chapter 17, Asphalt Paving (Revised Final),” prepared for the Area Sources Committee, Emission

Inventory Improvement Program, January 2001.

12 D an Szekeres, Michael Baker Corporation, personal communication with Andy Bollman, E. H. Pechan &

Associates, Inc., December 2003.

13 25 Pa. Code Section 129.64, “Cutback Asphalt Paving,” available from

http://www.pacode.com/secure/data/025/chapter129/s129.64.html , accessed February 2004.

14 Dan Szekeres, Michael Baker Corporation, personal communication with Andy Bollman, E. H. Pechan &

Associates, Inc., December 2003.

15 Steve Fulk , Pennsylvania Association of Asphalt Material Applicators, personal communication with Andrea

Ramsey, E. H. Pechan & Associates, Inc., February, 2004.

16 U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards, Procedures for the

Preparation of Emission Inventories for Carbon Monoxide and Precursors of Ozone, Volume 1, General Guidance

for Stationary Sources , EPA

- 450/4

- 91

- 016, May 1991.

17 25 Pa. Code Section 129.75, “ Mobile Equipment Repair and Refinishing.” available from

http://www.pacode.com/secure/data/025/chapter129/s129.75.html , accessed January 2004.

18 63 FR 48806, 1998: Federal Register , “National Volatile Organic Compound Emission Standards for Automobile
Refinish Coatings, Final Rule,” Volume 63, Number 176, September 11, 1998.

19 Lucy Adams, Radian Corporation, memorandum to SIP inventory preparers and EPA Regions, “ VOC Emissions

from Bakeries ,” prepared under contract to the Office of Air Quali ty Planning and Standards, U.S. Environmental

Protection Agency (EPA Contract No. 68

- D0

- 0125), April 24, 1992.

20 Monthly statewide beer production data from Alcohol and Tobacco Tax and Trade Bureau, available from

http://www.ttb.gov/alcohol/stats/02stats/02beerstats.htm , accessed December 2003.

21 Brewery emission factor is the sum of individual brewery process emission factors found in Table 4

- 2 of Emission

Factor Documentation for AP

- 42 Section 9.12.1: Malt Beverages, Final Report , prepared by Midwest ResearchA

- 2

Institute October 1996 and available from http://www.epa.gov/ttn/chief/ap42/ch09/bgdocs/b9s12

- 1.pdf , a ccessed

February 2004.

22 Brewery emission factor is the sum of individual brewery process emission factors found in Table 4

- 3 of Emission

Factor Documentation for AP

- 42 Section 9.12.1: Malt Beverages, Final Report , prepared by Midwest Research

Institute Oc tober 1996 and available from http://www.epa.gov/ttn/chief/ap42/ch09/bgdocs/b9s12

- 1.pdf , accessed

February 2004.

23 National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Climatological Da ta: Pennsylvania July

- December 2002

(Volume 107, Numbers 07

- 12), published by National Climatic Data Center, 2003.

24 U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census, "Table H40

- House Heating Fuel Type", Census 2000:

Summary File 3 , [Data file], March 2003.

25 U.S. Department of Energy, Energy Information Administration, State Energy Data, Pennsylvania , available from

www.eia.doe.gov/emeu/states/main_pa.html. 2003 , accessed November 2 003.

26 U.S. Department of Energy, E nergy Information Administration, Annual Coal Report 2002, DOE/EIA

- 0584

(2002), 2003

. 27 Pacific Environmental Services, Inc., “Final Summary of the Development and Results of a Methodology for

Calculating Area Source Emis sions from Residential Fuel Combustion,” prepared for U.S. Environmental Protection

Agency, Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards, September 2002.

28 U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Factor Information Retrieval Data System (FIRE) 6.23 , October 2000.

29 63 FR 48819, 1998: Federal Register , “National Volatile Organic Compound Emission Standards for Consumer
Products, Final Rule,” Volume 63, Number 176, September 11, 1998.

30 Eastern Research Group, “Emission Inventory Improvement Program, Document S eries, Volume III, Area
Sources, Chapter 6, Solvent Cleaning,” prepared for the Area Sources Committee, Emission Inventory Improvement

Program, September 1997.

31 E.H. Pechan & Associates, Inc., “Documentation for the 2002 Nonpoint Source National Emission Inventory for
Criteria and Hazardous Air Pollutants ,” prepared for Emission Factor and Inventory Group, U.S. Environmental

Protection Agency, http://www.epa.gov/ttn/chief/net/2002inventor y.html , (forthcoming).

32 Public Research Institute, “Charbroiling Activity Estimation, Draft Report,” prepared for California Environmental

Protection Agency, California Air Resources Board, March 2003.

33 U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Ai r Quality Planning and Standards, “Methods for Developing a
National Emission Inventory for Commercial Cooking Processes: Technical Memorandum,” prepared by E.H.

Pechan & Associates, Inc., September 2003.

34 BioCycle, 2000. “2000 BioCycle National Survey

– Solid Waste Composting Trends in the U.S.”, BioCycle,

November 2000.

35 Eastern Research Group, ““Emission Inventory Improvement Program, Document Series, Volume III, Area
Sources, Chapter 5, Consumer and Commercial Solvent Use,” prepared for the Area Sour ces Committee, Emission

Inventory Improvement Program, August 1996.

36 25 Pa. Code Section 129.63, “ Degreasing Operations,” available from

http://www.pacode.com/secure/data/025/ch apter129/s129.63.html , accessed January 2004.

37 Federal Register , “Subpart T

— National Emission Standards for Halogenated Solvent Cleaning,” Volume 59,

Number 2331, December 2, 1994.

38 The Pennsylvania Dry Cleaners Association disclosed that 1.8 million po unds of VOCs were emitted in

Pennsylvania in 1990 from dry cleaning operations.

Emission Factor = Total VOC emitted ÷ Pennsylvania Population

= 1.8 million lbs VOC ÷ 11.88 million people (1990 census)

= 0.15 lbs VOC/person/year

39 U.S. Environmental Prote ction Agency, Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards, Compilation of Air

Pollutant Emission Factors, Volume I: Stationary Point and Area Sources , AP

- 42, Fifth Edition, January 1995.

40 E.H. Pechan & Associates, Inc., “ Documentation for the Draft 1999 National Emissions Inventory (Version 3.0)
for Criteria Air Pollutants and Ammonia: Area Sources,” prepared for Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards,

Emission Factor and Inventory Group, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, March 2003. Available from

ftp://ftp.epa.gov/pub/EmisInventory/draftnei99ver3/criteria/documentation/area/ardoc_99nei_draftv3_0303.pdf

, accessed February 2004.

41 Stan Piorkowski, Pennsylvania Department of Conservation and Natural Resources, Bureau of Forestry, personal

communication with PJ Disclafani, E.H. Pechan & Associates, Inc., December 2003.A

- 3 42 U.S. Department of Energy, Energy Information Administr ation, Fuel Oil and Kerosene Sales, 2002 , available

from http://www.eia.doe.gov/oil_gas/petroleum/data_publications/fuel_oil_and_kerosene_sales /foks.html , accessed

November 2003.

43 U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, median sulfur content reported in the 1999 National Emissions Inventory,

available from http://www.e pa.gov/ttn/chief/net/1999inventory.html#final3crit , accessed October 2003.

44 Dan Szekeres, Michael Baker Corporation, personal communication with Maureen Mullen, E. H. Pechan &

Associates, Inc., February 2004.

45 Pennsylvania Department of Revenue, Bureau of Motor Fuel Taxes, “Monthly Report of Gallons” for 2002,

provided by Paul Sload, December 2003.

46 25 Pa. Code Section 129.60, “ Bulk Gasoline Plants,” available from

http://www. pacode.com/secure/data/025/chapter129/s129.60.html , accessed February 2004.

47 25 Pa. Code Section 129.61, “Small Gasoline Storage Tank Control (Stage I Control),” available from

http://www.pacode.com/secure/data/025/chapter129/s129.61.html , accessed February 2004.

48 U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, “User’s Guide to MOBILE6.1 and MOBILE6.2: Mobile Source Emission

Factor Model,” EPA420

- R

- 02

- 028, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Transportation and Air

Quality, October 2002.

49 25 Pa. Code Section 129.82. “Control of VOCs from Gasoline Dispensing Facilities (Stage II),” available from

ht tp://www.pacode.com/secure/data/025/chapter129/s129.82.html , accessed February 2004.

50 25 Pa. Code Section 129.59. “ Bulk Gasoline Terminals,” available from

http://www.pacode.co m/secure/data/025/chapter129/s129.59.html , accessed February 2004.

51 U.S. Department of Energy, Energy Information Administration, Petroleum Marketing Annual 2001 , available

from http:/

/tonto.eia.doe.gov/FTPROOT/petroleum/048701.pdf , accessed November 2003.

52 U.S. Department of Energy, Energy Information Administration, Petroleum Marketing Annual 2002, available

from http://www.eia.doe.gov/oil_gas/petroleum/data_publications/petroleum_marketing_annual/pma.html , accessed

November 2003.

53 U.S. Department of Energy, Energy Information Administration, “Pennsylvania Natural Gas Long Summary,”

available from http://tonto.eia.doe.gov/dnav/ng/ng_sum_lsum_spa_a_d.htm . accessed November 2003.

54 U.S. Department of Energy, Energy Information Administration, “Pennsylva nia Natural Gas Residential
Consumption,” available from http://tonto.eia.doe.gov/dnav/ng/hist/n3010pa2M.htm , accessed November 2003.

55 U.S. Department of Energy, Energy Information Admin istration, “Natural Gas Deliveries to Commercial
Consumers in Pennsylvania,” available from http://tonto.eia.doe.gov/dnav/ng/hist/n3020pa2M.htm , accessed

November 2003.

56 E.H. Pechan & As sociates, Inc., “Open Burning in Residential Areas, Emissions Inventory Development Report,”

prepared for Mid

- Atlantic/Northeast Visibility Union, January 31, 2004.

57 Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Protection, “Summary of the Methodology Used to Determine

Volatile Organic Compounds, Nitrogen Oxides, and Carbon Monoxide Emissions by Source Type for Calendar Year
1999 in Pennsylvania,” no date reported.

58 U.S. Department of Agriculture, National Agricultural Statistics Service, “Agricultural Statist ics Database, Crops
County Data,” available from http://www.nass.usda.gov:81/ipedb/ , accessed October 2003.

59 California Air Resources Board, Public Meeting to Consider Approval of California’s Portable G asoline

Container Emissions Inventory , September 1999.

60 U.S. Bureau of the Census, 2002 American Community Survey , available from

http://www.census.gov/acs/www/Products /Profiles/Single/2002/ACS/PA.htm , accessed February 2004.

61 U.S. Bureau of the Census, Census 2000 , available from http://factfinder.census.gov/servlet/GCTTable?_bm=y&

- geo_id=04000US42&

- _box_head_nbr=GCT

- H6&

- ds_name=DEC_2000_SF1_U&

- _lang=en&

- redoLog=false&

- format=ST

- 2&

- mt_name=DEC_2000_SF1_U_GCTH6 _US9&

- _sse=on , accessed February 2004.

62 Dun & Bradstreet, Inc., MarketPlace CD

- ROM, Jan.

- Mar., 2002, April 2002.

63 U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Transportation and Air Quality, Draft NONROAD2002a,

[Computer software]. Available June 16 , 2003 at http://www.epa.gov/otaq/nonroadmdl.htm

. 64 Pechan. Estimating Ammonia Emissions from Anthropogenic Sources

– Draft Report,

prepared for the US EPA, Emissions Inventory Improvement Program, prepared by E.H.Pechan & Ass o ciates, Inc.

March 2004.A

- 4 65 Pechan. Technical Memorandum: MANE

- VU 2002 Ammonia Emissions Inventory for Miscellaneous Sources

– Final, prepared for MARAMA by E.H. Pechan & Associates, Inc. March, 2004.

66 U.S. Department of Com merce, Bureau of the Census, County Business Patterns 2001, Pennsylvania, available

from http://www.census.gov/epcd/cbp/view/cbpview.html. 2003 , accessed October 2003.

67 U.S. Environm ental Protection Agency, “Clean Watersheds Needs Survey 2000,” Office of Wastewater

Management, available from http://cfpub.epa.gov/cwns/ , accessed December 2003.

68 JG Press, Inc. “2000 Biocycle National Survey

– Solid Waste Composting Trends in the U.S.” BioCycle, Vol. 41

Issue 11, November 2000

. 69 Eastern Research Group, “Emission Inventory Improvement Program, Document Series, Volume III, Area
Sources, Chapter 18, Structure Fires,” prepared for Area Sources Com mittee, Emission Inventory Improvement

Program, January 2001.

70 National Fire Protection Association, Fire Loss in the United States During 2002 , September 2003.

71 U.S. Fire Administration, Federal Emergency Management Agency, National Fire Data Center, Fi re in the United

States: 1987

- 1996 , August 1999, available from http://www.usfa.fema.gov/downloads/pdf/publications/fius11th.pdf

, accessed December 2003.

72 Eastern Research G roup, “Emission Inventory Improvement Program, Document Series, Volume III, Area
Sources, Chapter 14, Traffic Markings” prepared for Area Sources Committee, Emission Inventory Improvement

Program, May 1997.

73 U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Cens us , Current Industrial Reports: Paint and Allied Products:

2002 , MA325F(02)

- 1, July 2003.

74 Susan Rose, Office of Planning and Policy Management, Pennsylvania Liquor Control Board, personal

communication with PJ Disclafani, E.H. Pechan & Associates, Inc., December 2003.

75 From Table 9.12.2

- 1 of emission factor documentation for AP

- 42 Section 9.12.2 Wines and Brandy , October

1995, available from http://www.epa.gov/ttn/chief/ap42/ch09/fi nal/c9s12

- 2.pdf , accessed February 2004.

76 Pennsylvania Liquor Control Board figures showing Pennsylvania wine production in 1990.

77 30 Pa.B 2995, 2000: Pennsylvania Bulletin , "Surface Coating Processes," Volume 30, Number 24, Harrisburg,

PA, June 10, 200 0.

78 “Short List” of AMS SCCs and Emission Factors. July 1992.

# APPENDIX B2

2007 AREA SOURCE CRITERIA AIR POLLUTANT

EMISSION ESTIMATION METHODS

Bureau of Air Quality
Department of Environmental Protection

### [ This page blank intentionally left blank

. ]

# P ennsylvania 2007 Area Source Criteria Air Pollutant Emission Estimation

Methods

December 2009

Prepared by Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Protection

Bureau of Air Quality
Rachel Carson State Office Building

PO Box 8468
Harrisburg, PA 171 05

- 8468

Contact: Sherry Bogart, 717

- 783

- 5974, sbogart@state.pa.us

### 2



## TABLE OF CONTENTS

AREA SOURCE DEFINITION

................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ....... 5

METHOD S FOR ESTIMATING AREA SOURCE ACTIVITY AND EMISSIONS

................................ .................... 5

ADHESIVES AND SEALANTS (SCC 2460600000)

................................ ................................ ................................ ... 12

AIRCRAFT COATING (SCC 240107500 0)

................................ ................................ ................................ ................. 14

APPLIANCES (SCC 2401060000)

................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ 16

ARCHITECTURAL SURFACE COATINGS (SCC 2401001000)

................................ ................................ .............. 18

ASPHALT PAVING (2 SCCs)

................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ...... 20

AUTOMOTIVE AFTERMARKET PRODUCTS (SCC 2460400000)

................................ ................................ ......... 25

AUTOMOTIVE REFINISHING (S CC 2401005000)

................................ ................................ ................................ ... 27

BAKERIES (SCC 2302050000)

................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ .... 29

COATINGS AND RELATED PRODUCTS (SCC 2460500000)

................................ ................................ ................. 31

COMMERCIAL COOKING

– (5 SCCs)

................................ ................................ ................................ ....................... 33

CONSTRUCTION DUST (3 SCCs: SCC 2311010000, SCC 2311020000, SCC 2311030000)

................................ .. 41

DEGREASING (4 SCCs: SCC 2415360000, SCC 2415300000, SCC 2415230000, SCC 2415200000)

..................... 53

DRY CLEANERS (SCC 2420000000)

................................ ................................ ................................ .......................... 56

ELECTRONIC AND OTHER ELECTRIC COATINGS (SCC 2401065000)

................................ .............................. 58

FACTORY FINISHED WOOD (SCC 2401015000)

................................ ................................ ................................ ..... 60

FIFRA

- REGULATED PRO DUCTS (SCC 2460800000)

................................ ................................ ............................. 61

FUEL COMBUSTION

– COMMERCIAL/INSTITUTIONAL (7 SCCs: SCC 2103001000, SCC 2103002000,

....... 64

SCC 2103004000, SCC 2103005000, SCC 2103006000, SCC 2103007000, SCC 2103011000)

................................ 64

FUEL COMBUSTION

– INDUSTRIAL (7 SCCs: 2102001000,

................................ ................................ ................ 79

SCC 21 02002000, SCC 2102004000, SCC 2102005000,

................................ ................................ .............................. 79

SCC 2102006000, SCC 2102007000, SCC 2102011000)

................................ ................................ ............................. 79

GASOLINE MARKETING (5 SCCs)

................................ ................................ ................................ ......................... 102

GRAPHIC ARTS (SCC 2425000000)

................................ ................................ ................................ ......................... 107

HOUSEHOLD PRODUCTS (SCC 2460200000)

................................ ................................ ................................ ........ 108

INDUSTRIAL MAINTENANCE COATINGS (SCC 2401100000)

................................ ................................ .......... 110

### 3

MACHINERY AND EQUIPMENT (SCC 2401055000)

................................ ................................ ............................ 111

MARINE COATING (SCC 2401080000)

................................ ................................ ................................ ................... 113

METAL CANS (SCC 2401040000)

................................ ................................ ................................ ............................. 115

METAL FURNITURE (SCC 2401025000)

................................ ................................ ................................ ................. 117

METAL SHEETS, STRIPS, COILS (SCC 2401045000)

................................ ................................ ............................ 118

MISCELLANEOUS MANUFACTURING (SCC 2401090000)

................................ ................................ ................. 120

MISCELLAN EOUS PRODUCTS (NOT OTHERWISE COVERED) (SCC 2460900000)

................................ ....... 122

OPEN BURNING (3 CCs)

................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ........... 124

OTHER SPECIAL PURPOSE COATINGS (SCC 24012000 00)

................................ ................................ ................ 129

PAPER, FOIL AND FILM (SCC 2401030000)

................................ ................................ ................................ .......... 131

PERSONAL CARE PRODUCTS (SCC 2460100000)

................................ ................................ ................................ 133

PORTABLE FUEL CONTAINERS

– GASOLINE DISTRIBUTION (10 SCCs)

................................ ..................... 135

PUBLIC OWNED TREATMENT WORKS (SCC: 2630020000)

................................ ................................ .............. 138

RAILROAD SOLVENTS (SCC 2401085000)

................................ ................................ ................................ ............ 140

RESIDENTIAL COAL FOSSIL FUEL COMBUSTION (2 SCCs: SCC 2104001000, SCC 2104002000)

............... 142

RESIDENTIAL FUEL OIL/KEROSENE COMBUSTION (2 SCCs: SCC 2104004000, SCC 2104011000)

........... 149

RESIDENTIAL LIQUIFIED PETROLEUM GAS (LPG) (SCC 2104007000)

................................ .......................... 154

RESIDENTIAL NATURAL GAS (SCC 2104006000)

................................ ................................ ............................... 157

TRAFFIC LINE PAINTING (SCC 2401008000)

................................ ................................ ................................ ........ 161

WINERIE S (SCC 2302070005)

................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ... 163

WOOD FURNITURE AND FIXTURES (SCC 2401020000)

................................ ................................ .................... 165

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ .......... 167

### 4

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### 5

AREA SOURCE DEFINITION

For emission inventory development purposes, the term “area sources” traditionally refers to stationary air pollutant emissio n sources

that are not inv entoried at the facility

- level. While point sources are inventoried individually, area sources are typically inventoried at
the county level ( Introduction to Area Source Emission Inventory Development Volume III: Chapter 1 ) 1



### . Sources such as g asoline

stati ons and dry cleaning establishments are often treated as both point and area sources. The main reason they are not exclusivel y treated as point sources is that the effort required to gather data and estimate emissions for each individual facility is ve ry g reat, while
emissions per facility are generally small. For these sources, a cut

- off point, typically based on annual emissions, usually defines the
distinction between point and area. The Consolidated Emissions Reporting Rule (CERR) specifies reporting cr iteria air pollutant
(CAP) thresholds for point and area sources, which vary depending on the pollutant and the attainment status of a county (see
http://www.epa.gov/ttn/chief/cerr/index.html ).

Individual emissions sources are grouped with other like sources into source categories. These source categories are grouped in such a
way that they can be estimated collectively using one methodology. Most area source categories do not have an analogue i n the point

sourc e inventory. C ommercial/consumer product use is such an example . The boundaries of the individual activities associated with
these sources are often hard to determine or are, at best, arbitrary. Even within a point source facility, some ac tivities occur that are
more easily treated as area source emissions. Some emissions associated with surface coating operations such as equipment cle aning,
for example, can be more practically estimated using area source methods even though other surface c oating operations may be
reported as part of the point source inventory.

M ETHODS FOR ESTIMATING AREA SOURCE ACTIVITY AND EMISSIONS

Area source emissions are generally estimated by multiplying an emission factor by some known indicator or collective activ ity for
each area source category at the county level. Several methodologies are available for estimating area source activity levels and
emissions. For this 2007 area source inventory, estimates were derived by (1) treating area sources as point sources, (2) obtaining

1 

### Eastern Research Group, Inc., “Emission Inventory Improvement Program, Document Series, Volume III, Area Sources, Chapter 1, Introduction to Area Source Emission Inventory Development (Revised Final),” prepared for the Area Sources Committee, Emission
Inventory Improvement Program, January 2001.

### 6

county

- level activity data, (3) apportioning national or statewide activity data to counties, (4) use of per capita emission factors , and
(5) use of per employee emission factors. Each approach has distinct advantages and disadvantages as dis cussed below.

Small sources that would normally be treated as area sources may be handled as point sources for several reasons. First, coun ty level
activity data may not be readily determinable for certain source categories. Municipal landfills provide an example of this situation.

For some source categories, county activity estimates were available. For example, monthly wine production data for 2007 were
available by county from the Alcohol & Tobacco Tax and Trade Bureau, Department of Treasury. If count y activity data were not
available, Commonwealth totals were apportioned to counties using data for a surrogate of the emissions activity. For example , the
quantity of highway gasoline consumed in the Commonwealth was apportioned to the county level on the basis of vehicle miles
traveled per county. Residential, commercial, and industrial fuel combustion were other categories that were handled in this manner. The major drawbacks of this approach are that additional data and resources are needed to apportion activity levels to the local level,
and accuracy is lost in the process. If Commonwealth level data were not available, then national data were used in a similar manner.

Sources in certain area source categories were not only numerous and diffuse, but we re too difficult to inventory by any of the above
procedures. As an example, solvent evaporation from consumer and commercial products such as waxes, aerosol products and
window cleaners cannot be routinely determined by DEP. In addition, it would be resou rce

- intensive to develop and implement a
survey that would yield such information. Per capita or per employee emission factors are used to estimate emissions for thes e source categories. The use of per capita emission factors is based on the assumption tha t, for a given source category, emission activity can be
reasonably associated with population. This assumption is valid over broad areas for certain categories such as Architectural Surface
Coating and solvent evaporation from Consumer and Commercial Prod ucts.

For categories that rely on a per capita emission factor, county population estimates for 2007 were obtained from the U.S. Bu reau of
the Census. When emissions are calculated from per employee emission factors, county

- level employment data for 200 6 were

obtained . Because county employment data for 2007 was not be available from the Bureau of the Census’ County Business Patterns

(CBP) until July 2009

, data for the appropriate North American Industrial Classification System (NAICS) codes were obtained by E.

H. Pechan & Associates from the 2006 CBP 1 

### . The Commonwealth

- level employment data were obtained at the NAICS code level

from the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics. 2

1 

### U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census, County Business Patterns 2006, Pennsylvania , available from
http://www.census.gov/epcd/cbp/view/cbpview.html

,.

2 

### U.S. Bureau of Labor St atistics, Current Employment Statistics , available from http://www.bls.gov/sae/home.htm

.

### 7

In some cases, the Census does not report the employment value for a particular NAICS code/county combination because of
confidentiality concerns. In these cases, the Census provides employment data as a range (e.g., between 20 and 99 employees). When
a precise number of employees was not available from CBP, an initial estimate was develop ed based on the mid

- point of the reported
range (e.g., 60 employees was used for the 20 to 99 employment range). For a given NAICS code, the mid

- point estimates were then
adjusted up or down to yield the Commonwealth

- level employment for that NAICS code as reported in the CBP. The adjustments
were computed by first calculating the difference between the Commonwealth

- level CBP employment and the total of the
employment values for counties for which actual employment values were reported in the CBP. The resul ting value represents
employment for the counties for which the CBP reports an employment range value. This value was then divided by the sum of th e

mid

- point employment estimates for the counties for which employment was reported as a range. The resulting ratio was multiplied by

the mid

- point estimates to yield the final county employment estimates. The calculation spreadsheets provide each of the steps used i n this estimation procedure. National, State and County level employment data downloaded from US C ensus Bureau, mapping of
employment flag letters reported by County Business Patterns to the range and midpoints of the range, and calculated final activity
data using the employment midpoint and adjustment factor was performed by E.H. Pechan & Associates.

Control Efficiency (CE)

Control efficiency is the emission reduction percentage associated with a control device, process change or reformulation. Co ntrol
efficiencies can vary widely by source within an area source category. Area source control effici ency values represent the weighted
average control for the category.

Rule Penetration (RP)

Because lower

- emitting sources within a source category may not be covered by a regulation, it is important to reflect the extent to
which total source category emissions are affected. Rule penetration represents the percentage of total source category emissions that
are affected by a regulation.

### 8

Rule Effectiveness (RE)

Rule effectiveness is a factor used to adjust the control efficiency to account for failures and uncertainties that affect the actual
performance of the control. For example, control equipment performance may be adversely affected by age of the equipment, lac k of
maintenance, or improper use. With the exception of Federal regulations, a default R E value of 80 percent was applied when

information was not available to substantiate the true RE value 1 

### . An RE of 100 percent was applied to all Federal regulations that
require national compliance.

The RE factor is applied to the estimated control effici ency in the calculation of emissions from a source. The formula for the
application of CE, RP, and RE is displayed below:

Uncontrolled Emissions = 50 pounds per day
Control Efficiency = 90 percent

Rule Penetration = 60 percent

Rule Effectiveness = 80 p ercent

Controlled Emissions = Uncontrolled Emissions × (1

– CE/100 × RP/100 × RE/100)

Controlled Emissions = 50 × (1

– 0.9 × 0.6 × 0.8) = 50 × (1

– 0.432) = 28.4 pounds per day

An RE and/or RP value can substantially increase emission estimates when hig h control efficiencies are involved. For example, if RP
was not applied in the above example (equivalent to a 100 percent RP assumption), then estimated emissions are:

Controlled Emissions = 50 × (1

– 0.9 × 0.8) = 50 × (1

– 0.72) = 14 pounds per day.

1 

### Eastern Research Group, Inc., “Emission Inventory Improvement Program, Document Series, Volume III, Area Sources, C hapter 1, Introduction to Area Source Emission Inventory Development (Revised Final),” prepared for the Area Sources Committee, Emission
Inventory Improvement Program, January 2001.

### 9

Po int Source Subtractions

Source categories can appear in both the area source and point source inventory. For example, emissions from large dry cleani ng establishments may be included in the point source inventory, while emissions from smaller dry cleaner s (below some specified
cutoff) are included in the area source inventory. When a point source inventory and an area source inventory include emissio ns from
the same process, the area source emission estimates are adjusted to avoid double counting. Althoug h many area source categories
(e.g., Architectural Surface Coating) do not have companion point source categories, there are many source categories in the area source inventory for which emissions are reported in the Pennsylvania point source inventory (se e Table 1). For these source
categories, point source emissions are subtracted from total emission estimates to yield area source emissions.
Ideally, this adjustment would occur in the area source emission calculation by subtracting point source emission activity
(throughput) from total emission activity as shown below.

However, the Pennsylvania point source inventory does not report throughput for most sources. Therefore, it was necessary to
calculate the point source subtract ions using total and point source emission estimates as identified below.

where:
p = pollutant

Separate point source inventories were developed for Allegheny and Philadelphia counties and for all other counties. Except for

ammo nia and lead, the Allegheny inventory reports annual emissions for all pollutants included in the area source inventory. The se pollutants are also missing from the Philadelphia County annual inventory. Unlike the Allegheny inventory, the Philadelphia Cou nty inventory does not report PM emissions on a filterable and condensable basis, but rather on a primary basis. The inventory f or the
remaining counties reports annual emissions for the same pollutants as the Philadelphia County inventory, with the excep tion of
primary PM 2.5 

### (PM25

- PRI), which is not reported for the remaining counties. Given the different ways in which PM emissions are
reported in the 2002 Pennsylvania point source inventory, it was necessary to develop PM emissions on a consistent basis to facilitate
the point source subtractions. Therefore, for Allegheny County, Pechan summed the condensable and the filterable PM emission s to

obtain PM10

- PRI and PM25

- PRI emission values for use in the point source subtractions.

### 10

To facilitate the point source subtractions, the annual emission records for all point SCCs associated with an area source category were
summed to the county level. The county

- level point source annual emissions were then subtracted from the area source category

annual emissions using an area source category

- to

- point source category crosswalk developed for this project. Note that in keeping
with EIIP guidance, when the resulting area source emission estimate was negative, the area source emission value was set to zero.

The follo wing presents an example of point source NO

x 

### emission subtraction calculations for the Commercial/Institutional

Bituminous/Sub

- bituminous Coal Combustion category (SCC 2103002000).

The following individual sections describe th e annual and seasonal emission estimation methodology for each area source category. Each section contains a brief description of the source category, identifies whether the category’s emission estimates were s ubject to
point source emission subtractions, and presents sample emission calculations (point source subtractions are not included in these
sample calculations). All referenced sources are displayed in Appendix A.

### 11

Table 1. Area Source Inventory Categories with Point Source Emission Subtract ions

SCC SCC1DESC SCC3DESC SCC6DESC SCC8DESC

2102001000 Stationary Source Fuel Combustion Industrial Anthracite Coal Total: All Boiler Types

2102002000 Stationary Source Fuel Combustion Industrial Bituminous/Sub

- bituminous Coal Total: All Boiler Types

2103001000 Stationary Source Fuel Combustion Commercial/Institutional Anthracite Coal Total: All Boiler Types

2103002000 Stationary Source Fuel Combustion Commercial/Institutional Bituminous/Sub

- bituminous Coal Total: All Boiler Types

2103004000 Stationa ry Source Fuel Combustion Commercial/Institutional Distillate Oil Total: Boilers and IC Engines

2102004000 Stationary Source Fuel Combustion Industrial Distillate Oil Total: Boilers and IC Engines

2103005000 Stationary Source Fuel Combustion Commercial/I nstitutional Residual Oil Total: All Boiler Types

2102005000 Stationary Source Fuel Combustion Industrial Residual Oil Total: All Boiler Types

2103006000 Stationary Source Fuel Combustion Commercial/Institutional Natural Gas Total: Boilers and IC Engines

2102006000 Stationary Source Fuel Combustion Industrial Natural Gas Total: Boilers and IC Engines

2103007000 Stationary Source Fuel Combustion Industrial Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) Total: All Combustor Types

2302070001 Industrial Processes Food and Kindred Products: SIC 20 Fermentation/Beverages Breweries

2401015000 Solvent Utilization Surface Coating Factory Finished Wood: SIC 2426 thru 242 Total: All Solvent Types

2401020000 Solvent Utilization Surface Coating Wood Furniture: SIC 25 Total: All So lvent Types

2401040000 Solvent Utilization Surface Coating Metal Cans: SIC 341 Total: All Solvent Types

2401050000 Solvent Utilization Surface Coating Miscellaneous Finished Metals: SIC 34

- (341 + 3498) Total: All Solvent Types

2401055000 Solvent Utili zation Surface Coating Machinery and Equipment: SIC 35 Total: All Solvent Types

2401080000 Solvent Utilization Surface Coating Marine: SIC 373 Total: All Solvent Types

2401085000 Solvent Utilization Surface Coating Railroad: SIC 374 Total: All Solvent Ty pes

2401090000 Solvent Utilization Surface Coating Miscellaneous Manufacturing Total: All Solvent Types

2415200000 Solvent Utilization Degreasing All Industries: Conveyerized Degreasing Total: All Solvent Types

2415300000 Solvent Utilization Degreasing All Industries: Cold Cleaning Total: All Solvent Types

2425000000 Solvent Utilization Graphic Arts All Processes Total: All Solvent Types

2501060053 Storage and Transport Petroleum and Petroleum Product Storage Gasoline Service Stations Stage 1: Balanced Submerged Filling

2501060101 Storage and Transport Petroleum and Petroleum Product Storage Gasoline Service Stations Stage 2: Displacement Loss/Uncontrolled

2501060102 Storage and Transport Petroleum and Petroleum Product Storage Gasoline Service Statio ns Stage 2: Displacement Loss/Controlled

2601010000 Waste Disposal, Treatment, and Recovery On

- site Incineration Industrial Total

2601020000 Waste Disposal, Treatment, and Recovery On

- site Incineration Commercial/Institutional Total

2620030000 Waste Dis posal, Treatment, and Recovery Landfills Municipal Total

### 12

A DHESIVES AND SEALANTS (SCC 2460600000 )

Adhesives are formulated organic polymer compounds that adhere to, or form a bond between, one or more substrates.
They are commonly referred to as ceme nts, glues and pastes. Adhesives can be classified as water

- based, solvent

based, hot melts, or radiation curable. Sealants and caulking compounds are organic polymers used to fill or seal gaps
between surfaces. The primary solvents used in formulating ad hesives and sealants are aliphatic hydrocarbons and

ke y tones.

County

- level emissions were calculated using a per capita emission factor which was obtained from the Emission
Inventory Improvement Program (EIIP) 1 

### and U.S. Bureau of the Census 2007 populatio n data 2 

### . The emission factor

represents pre

- control emission rates. A CE of 8.3 percent 3 

### and an RP of 48.6 percent 4 

### were applied to reflect the
Federal Rule for consumer products. There are no point sources associated with this category.

Each county’s emi ssions are estimated per the sample calculations listed below.

1 

### Eastern Research Group, “Emission Inventory Improvement Program, Docume nt Series, Volume III, Area Sources,
Chapter 5, Consumer and Commercial Solvent Use,” Table 5.4

- 1, prepared for the Area Sources Committee, Emission
Inventory Improvement Program, August 1996, available from
http://www.epa.gov/ttn/chief/eiip/techreport/volume03/index.html , accessed March 2009

2 

### U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census, “ Population Estimates Program ,” T1. Population Estimates
[10] data Set: 2007 Popu lation Estimates, available from http://www.census.gov/popest/counties/CO

- EST2007

- 01.html , accessed March 2009.

3 

### ERTAC Recommendation, Midwest RPO Inventory Comparability Project, revised June 2, 2009, accessed June 2009.

4 

### E.H. Pechan & Associates, Inc., Control Measure Development Support Analysis of Ozone Transport Commission

Model Rules , prepared for the Ozone Transport Commission, March 2001.

### 13

SAMPLE VOC EMISSION CALCULATIONS:

where:

Emission Factor = 0.57 lbs VOC/person/year 1



### Population = 1,219,2 10 (Allegheny County) 2



### Control Efficiency = 8.3% 3



### RP (Rule Penetration) = 48.6% 4



### RE (Ru le Effectiveness) = 100%

### 14

A IRCRAFT COATING (SCC 2401075000)

This source category includes aircraft building and repairing. The emissions were calculated using an employment

based emission factor 1 

### and employee data from N AICS code 3364XX . The number of employees in each county for
2006 was collected by E.H. Pechan and Associates, who calculated the midpoints from any given ranges 2 

### . Each county’s emissions were estimated per the following sample calculations below. Point s ource emissions, where present,

were subtracted from these emission estimates.

SAMPLE VOC EMISSION CALCULATIONS:

Annual VOC Emissions = (Emission Factor)(Number of Employees)

where:

Emission Factor = 15 lbs VOC /employee/year
Employees = 4494 emplo yees ( Delaware County)

1 

### ERTAC Area Inventory Comparabil ity Project , revised August 14, 2009, accessed October, 2009.

2 

### National, State and County level employment data downloaded from US Census Bureau, mapping of employment
flag letters reported by County Business Patterns to the range and midpoints of the ra nge, and calculated final activity
data using the employment midpoint and adjustment factor

.

### 15

### 16

APPLIANCES (SCC 2401060000)

The VOC emissions from this source category result from the evaporation of the solvent used in the coating process in
the manufacture of electrical appl iances such as refrigerators, freezers, laundry equipment, and electric house wares. Emissions for each county were estimated per the sample calculations below using an employment

- based emission

factor 1 

### and the number of 2006 employees in the NAICS codes 3352XX

. . The number of Appliance employees was

collected from U.S. Census Bureau’s County Business Patterns 2 

### by E. H. Pechan and Associates who calculated
midpoints for any ranges obtained

. Point source emissions, where present, were subtracted from thes e emission

estimates.

SAMPLE VOC EMISSION CALCULATIONS:

Annual VOC Emissions = (Emission Factor)(Number of Employees)

where:

Emission Factor = 249 lbs VOC/employee/year
Employees = 41 (

Berks County)

1 

### ERTAC Area Inventory Comparability Project , revised August 14, 2009, accessed September 2009.

2 

### National, state and c ounty level employment data downloaded fr om US Census Bureau, mapping of employment flag
letters reported by County Business Patterns to the range and midpoints of the range, and calculated final activity data
using the employment midpoint and adjustment factor

.

### 17

### 18

AR CHITECTURAL SURFACE COATINGS (SCC 2401001000)

Architectural surface coatings are used by homeowners and painting contractors to coat the interior and exterior of
buildings and other structures. The coatings are applied by spray, brush, or roller and dry o r cure at ambient conditions.
The VOC emissions from this source category result from the evaporation of the paint and cleanup solvents.

Each county’s emissions were calculated using a per capita emission factor 1 

### and U.S. Bureau of the Census 2007

count y population data 2 

### . The Federal architectural surface coating regulations call for a 20 percent reduction in the
solvent content of architectural surface coatings manufactured after September 1999, which reduction was accounted
for in the development of t he new per capita emission factor for states with AC rules (2.41 lbs VOC/person/year) 1



### .

Each county’s emissions are estimated per the sample calculations listed below.

SAMPLE VOC EMISSION CALCULATIONS:

1 

### ERTAC Area Inventory Compara bility Project , revised August 14, 2009, accessed August 2009.

2 

### U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census, “ Population Estimates Program ,” T1. Population Estimates
[10] data Set: 2007 Population Estimates, available from http://www.census.gov/popest/counties/CO

- EST2007

- 01.html , accessed March 2009.

### 19

where:

Emission Factor = 2.41 lbs VOC/person/year 1



### Population = 1,219,210 (Allegheny County )
CE (Control Efficiency) = 0%, integral with new EF, for states

with AC rules 1



### R P (Rule Penetration) = 100%
RE (Rule Effectiveness) = 100%

### 20

ASPHALT PAVING (2 SCCs)

SCC category’s emissions for 2461021000 (Cutback Asphalt) and 2461022000 (Emulsified Asphalt) were calculated
by E.H. P echan and Asso ciates. The following documentation was prepared by E.H. Pechan and Associates with

footnotes located at the end of this section :

Asphalt paving is the process of applying asphalt concrete to seal or repair the surface of roads, parking lots, driveways,
walkways, or airport runways. Asphalt concrete is a composite material comprised of a binder and a mineral aggregate.
The binder, referred to as asphalt cement, is a byproduct of petroleum refining and contains the semi

- solid residual

material left after t he more volatile chemical fractions have been distilled off. 1



### a. Emulsified Asphalt

Asphalt cements thinned with water and an emulsifying agent are known as cutback asphalts. This thinning reduces the
viscosity of the asphalt making it easier to work with the mixture. The primary uses of emulsified asphalt include tack
and seal operations, priming roadbeds, and paving operations for pavements up to several inches thick.

Emulsified asphalt may contain up to 12 percent organic solvents by volume. 1 

### Emission s from emulsified asphalt result
from the evaporation of VOCs after the mixture is laid down. Compared to cutback asphalt, emulsified asphalt has lower
VOCs emissions per ton used.

b. Cutback Asphalt

Asphalt cements thinned with petroleum distillates are k nown as cutback asphalts. The primary uses of cutback asphalt
include tack and seal operations, priming roadbeds, and paving operations for pavements up to several inches thick. Cut

back asphalt is produced by thinning the binder in a diluent containing 25 to 45 percent petroleum distillates by volume
prior to mixing with the aggregate. This reduces the viscosity of the asphalt making it easier to work with the mixture.

Emissions from cutback asphalt result from the evaporation of VOCs and HAPS after the mixture is laid down. Of all
asphalt types, cutback asphalt has the highest diluent content and, as a result, emits the highest levels of VOCs per ton

### 21

used. The timeframe and quantity of VOC and HAP emissions depend on the type and the quantity of organic solvent

used as a diluent.

For these source categories , the following SCC s w ere assigned:

SCC SCC Level 1 SCC Level 2 SCC Level 3 SCC Level 4

2461022000 Solvent

Utilization Misc. Non

- industrial:

Commercial Emulsified

Asphalt Total: All

Solvent Types

2461021000 Solvent

Utilization Miscellaneous Non

industrial:

Commercial Cutback Asphalt Total: All
Solvent Types

The general approach to calculating emissions from emulsified asphalt and cutback asphalt paving is to multiply the estimated county

- level emu lsified asphalt usage by emission factors for VOCs.

State

- level emulsified asphalt and cutback asphalt usage in 2008 was obtained from the Asphalt Institute’s 2008
Asphalt Usage Survey

. 2 

### State

- level data were allocated to county

- level according to the fra ction of paved road vehicle
miles traveled (VMT) in each county.

Total annual VMT estimates by State and roadway class were obtained from the Federal Highway Administration’s (FHWA) annual Highway Statistics report. 3 

### Paved road VMT was calculated by subt racting the State/roadway class unpaved road VMT from total State/roadway class VMT. State

- level paved road VMT was spatially allocated to counties according to the fraction of total VMT in each county for the specific roadway class as shown by the

followi ng equation:

VMT x,total 

### = ∑VMT

ST,y 

### * VMT

x,y 

### / VMT

ST,y



### where: VMT x,total 

### = VMT (million miles) in county x on all paved roadways

VMT ST,y 

### = paved road VMT for the entire State for roadway class y

VMT x,y 

### = total VMT (million miles) in county x and roadway cl ass y VMT ST,y 

### = total VMT (million miles) in entire State for roadway class y

### 22

The county

- level total VMT by roadway class used in this calculation was previously developed by E.H. Pechan and
Associates, Inc. to support the on

- road national emissions inve ntory

. 4



### c. Emission Factors

Emission factors for emulsified asphalt and cutback asphalt usage were obtained from the Technical Report Series produced by the U.S. EPA’s Emission Inventory Improvement Program and are reported in Table 1 below. 1



### d. Emis sions

Emissions were calculated by multiplying the county

- level asphalt usage (barrels) by the emission factors listed in Table
1 and then dividing by 2000 to convert pounds to tons.

Emissions x,y 

### = (Asphalt Usage

x 

### * EF y 

### ) / 2000

where: Emissions x,y 

### = emis sions (tons) of pollutant y in county x

Asphalt Usage

x 

### = emulsified asphalt (barrels) used in county x

EF y 

### = emission factor for pollutant y

To convert tons of asphalt reported in the 2008 Asphalt Usage Survey to barrels, it was assumed that the densi ty of
asphalt is similar to that of water, 8.34 lbs/gal, and that one barrel equals 42 gallons.

Barrels of Asphalt = (tons of asphalt * 2000 lbs / 8.34 lbs/gal) / 42 gal/barrel

Note that one barrel of asphalt weights approximately 350 pounds.

### 23

e. Sample Calculation

VOC emissions from emulsified asphalt usage in Allegheny County, Pennsylvania :

From the 2008 Asphalt Usage Survey , the state of Pennsylvania used 69,671 tons of emulsified asphalt in 2008. The
fraction of paved road VMT traveled in Allegheny C ounty is 10,516.10 million miles divided by 104,400.2 million miles
which equals 0.10073

.

Asphalt Usage Allegheny 

### = (( 69,671 tons * 2000 lbs / 8.34 lbs/gal) / 42 gal/barrel) * 0.10073

Asphalt Usage Allegheny 

### = 40,070.571 barrels

VOC Emissions Allegheny 

### = ( 40,070.571 barrels * 9.2 lbs/barrel) / 2000 lbs/ton

VOC Emissions = 184.32 tons

Table 1. Criteria Emission Factors for Emulsified and Cutback Asphalt Paving

Pollutant Description Pollutant

Code Emission

Factor (LBS/BARRE L) Emission Factor

Referenc e

VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS VOC 9.2 Emulsified
Asphalt

VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS VOC 88.00 Cutback Asphalt

### 24

f. References

1. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Emissions Inventory Improvement Program, Technical Report Series

, Volume III

– Area Source s, Chapter 17, “Asphalt Paving ,” prepared by Eastern Research Group, Inc. for EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC, 2001. Available at http://www.epa.gov/ttn/chief/eiip/techreport/volume03/index.html

.

2. Asphalt Institute, 2008 Asphalt Usage Survey for the United States and Canada

, http://www.asphaltinstitute.org/

.

3. U.S. Department of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration, Highway Statistics 2007, Office of Highway Policy Information, Washington, DC, 2008. Available at http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/policyinform ation/statistics/2007/

.

4. E.H. Pechan & Associates, Inc. “Documentation for the On

- road National Emission Inventory (NEI) for Base

Years 1970

- 2002,” report prepared for U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards, Res earch Triangle Park, NC. January 2004.

### 25

AUTOMOTIVE AFTERMARKET PRODUCTS (SCC 2460400000)

The EPA has divided automotive consumer products into two different major categories: (1) detailing products, and (2)
maintenance and repair products. It is often difficult to distinguish the automotive aftermarket product subcategories
and formulations for distinct product types because category descriptions and designations may overlap. In some cases
varying formulations may be due to the product form. There are a large number of individual VOCs in these products,
including HAPs.

County

- level emissions were calculated using a per capita emission factor which was obtained from the Emission
Inventory Improvement Program (EIIP) 1 

### and U.S. Bureau of the Cen sus 2007 population data 2 

### . The emission factor

represents pre

- control emission rates. A CE of 8.97 percent 3 

### and an RP of 48.6 percent 4 

### were applied to reflect the
Federal Rule for consumer products. There are no point sources associated with this category.

Each county’s emissions are estimated per the sample calculations listed below.

1 

### Eastern Research Group, “Emission Inventory Improvement Program, Document Series, Volume III, Area Sources,
Chapter 5, Consu mer and Commercial Solvent Use,” Table 5.4

- 1, prepared for the Area Sources Committee, Emission
Inventory Improvement Program, August 1996, available from
http://www.epa.gov/t tn/chief/eiip/techreport/volume03/index.html , accessed March 2009

2 

### U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census, “ Population Estimates Program ,” T1. Population Estimates
[10] data Set: 2007 Population Estimates, available from http://www.census.gov/popest/counties/CO

- EST2007

- 01.html , accessed March 2009.

3 

### ERTAC Recommendation, Midwest RPO Inventory Comparability Project, revised June 2, 2009, accessed June 2009.

4 

### E.H. Pech an & Associates, Inc., Control Measure Development Support Analysis of Ozone Transport Commission

Model Rules , prepared for the Ozone Transport Commission, March 2001.

### 26

SAMPLE VOC EMISSION CALCULATIONS:

where:

Emission Factor = 1.36 lbs VOC/person/year 1



### Population = 1,219,210 (A llegheny County) 2



### Control Efficiency = 8.97% 3



### RP (Rule Penetration) = 48.6% 4



### RE (Rule Effectiveness) = 100%

### 27

AUTOMOTIVE REFINISHING (SCC 2401005000)

Automotive refinishing is the painting of worn or damaged automobiles, light trucks, and other vehicles. The coating of

new cars, however, is considered in the point source inventory, and therefore not included in this inventory. County

level emissions were calculated using a per capita emission factor which was obtained from the ERTAC Area
Inventory Comparability Project solvent working group 1 

### and U.S. Bure au of the Census 2007 population data 2 

### . The
automotive refinishing VOC emission factor is 0.5 lb/person.

SAMPLE VOC EMISSION CALCULATIONS:

where:

Emission Factor =0.5 lbs VOC/person/year 1



### Population = 1,219,210 (Allegheny County) 2

1 

### ERTAC Area Inventory Comparability Project , revision August 14, 2009. Factor is deri ved from national numbers
and so represents an average for the entire country; Freedonia 2007; accessed August 2009.

2 

### U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census, “ Population Estimates Program ,” T1. Population Estimates
[10] data Set: 2007 Popula tion Estimates, available from http://www.census.gov/popest/counties/CO

- EST2007

- 01.html , accessed March 2009.

### 28

### 29

BAKERIES (SCC 2302050000)

Bakery emissions, primarily ethanol, result from yeast fermentation during the baking process of bread and bakery
products. Ethanol is emitted through a vent with any combustion product gases. Relevant NAICS codes for bakeries

are 311811 and 311812.

County

- level VOC emissions were calculated using an employment

- based emission factor and the number of NA ICS
code 311811 and 311812 employees in each county. The number of employees in each county for 2007 was obtained

from County Business Patterns 1 

### T he Bakeries emission factor is 0.11 tons VOC/employee/year 2



### . Point source
emissions, where present, were su btracted from these emission estimates.

SAMPLE VOC EMISSION CALCULATIONS:

Annual VOC Emissions = (Emission Factor)(Employees)

where:
Emission Factor = 0.11 tons VOC /employee/year
Employees = 863 (Allegheny County)

1 

### U.S. Census Bureau, 2007 County Business Patt erns, http://factfinder.census.gov/servlet/GQRGeoSearchByListServlet?ds_name=CB0700A1&_lang=en&_ts=286

805349530

2 

### Lucy Adams, Radian Corporation, memorandum to SIP inventory preparers and EPA Regions, “ VOC Emissions from

Bakeries ,” prepared under contrac t to the Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards, U.S. Environmental Protection
Agency (EPA Contract No. 68

- D0

- 0125), April 24, 1992.

### 30

= 94.93 tons VOC per year

### 31

COATINGS AND RELATED PRODUCTS (SCC 2460500000)

Aerosol spray paints and related products such as paint removers make up this consumer and commercial solvent
product group. Other forms of coatings (besides aerosols ) are not included in this group, but are included under
architectural or industrial coatings, or auto body refinishing. Aerosols spray paints contain VOCs that function as both
solvents and propellants. The most commonly used propellants in aerosol paint s are propane, butane and isobutane.

Paint removers are classified as either application removers or immersion removers. Solvents such as methanol, ethanol
and isopropanol are also used to enhance the action of the paint remover. Methylene chloride (53 percent) and
methanol (41 percent) account for the majority of paint

- removing solvents consumed (Frost & Sulllivan, Inc., 1990).

County

- level emissions were calculated using a per capita emission factor which was obtained from the Emission

Inventory Impro vement Program (EIIP) 1 

### and U.S. Bureau of the Census 2007 population data 2 

### . The emission factor

represents pre

- control emission rates. A CE of 0 percent 3 

### and an RP of 48.6 percent 4 

### were applied to reflect the Federal
Rule for consumer products. There are no point sources associated with this category.

1 

### Eastern Research Group, “Emission Inventory Improvement Program, Document Series, Volume III, Area Sources,
Chapt er 5, Consumer and Commercial Solvent Use,” Table 5.4

- 1, prepared for the Area Sources Committee, Emission
Inventory Improvement Program, August 1996, available from
http://ww w.epa.gov/ttn/chief/eiip/techreport/volume03/index.html , accessed April 2009.

2 

### U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census, “ Population Estimates Program ,” T1. Population Estimates
[10] data Set: 2007 Population Estimates, available from http://www.census.gov/popest/counties/CO

- EST2007

- 01.html , accessed March 2009.

3 

### ERTAC Recommendation, Midwest RPO Inventory Comparability Project, revised June 2, 2009, accessed June 2009.

4 

### E.H. Pechan & Associates, Inc., Control Measure Development Support Analysis of Ozone Transport Commission

Model Rules , prepared for the Ozone Transport Commission, March 2001.

### 32

Each county’s emissions are estimated per the sample calculations listed below.

SAMPLE VOC EMISSION CALCULATIONS:

where:

Emission Factor = 0.95 lbs VOC/person/year 1



### Population = 1,219,210 (Allegheny County) 2



### Control Efficiency = 0% 3



### RP (Rule Penetration) = 48.6% 4



### RE (Rule Effectiveness) = 100%

### 33

COMMERCIAL COOKING

– (5 SCCs )

Source Category Description

Commercial Cooking emissions are for 5 source categories (2302002100, 2302002200, 2302003000, 2 302003100, and

2302003200) based on equipment type. Emissions estimates are for all types of meat cooked in a particular piece of
equipment. Deep fat frying of french fries was also included. The following documentation was prepared by E.H.

Pechan and As sociates :

For this source category, the following SCCs were assigned:

Source

Classification Code SCC Level One SCC Level Two SCC Level Three SCC Level Four

2302002100 Industrial

Processes Food and Kindred

Products: SIC 20 Commercial Cooking

-

Charbroi ling Conveyorized

Charbroiling

2302002200 Industrial

Processes Food and Kindred

Products: SIC 20 Commercial Cooking

-

Charbroiling Under

- fired

Charbroiling

2302003000 Industrial

Processes Food and Kindred

Products: SIC 20 Commercial Cooking

-

Frying Deep Fat F r ying

2302003100 Industrial

Processes Food and Kindred

Products: SIC 20 Commercial Cooking

-

Frying Flat Griddle Frying

2302003200 Industrial

Processes Food and Kindred

Products: SIC 20 Commercial Cooking

-

Frying Clamshell Griddle

Frying

### 34

Acti vity Data

Activity data was collected from the US Census Bureau’s county level population estimates for July 1, 200 7

. 1



### Control Factors

No controls were assumed for this category.

Emission Factors

Emission factors were developed and reviewed by an ER TAC advisory panel composed of state and EPA personnel
(Contact: Roy Huntley, huntley.roy@epa.gov). They were created by taking 2002 emissions in the NEI and dividing
by the 2002 population to develop per capita emission factors. These emission factors a re listed in Table 1.

Sample Calculations

Emissions are calculated for each county using emission factors and activity as:

E x,p 

### = A

x 

### × EF x,p

1 

### U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census, “ Population Estimates Program ,” T1. Population Estimates
[10] data Set: 2007 Population Estimates, available from http://www.census.gov/popest/counties/CO

- EST2007

- 01.html , accessed March 2009.

### 35

where:

E

x,p 

### = annual emissions for category x and pollutant p ;

A

x 

### = population data associated with category x ;

EF x,p 

### = emission factor for category x and pollutant p

.

Example:

Using conveyorized charbroiling in Allegheny County, PA as an example:

According to the US Census Bureau, population on July 1, 2007 is 1,21 9

, 210

The emission factor for VOC is 0.01205 lb/person

E V O C 

### = 1, 219,210 people × 0.01205 6 lb VOC / person

= 14,6 98

. 81 lb VOC or 7.3 4 94 ton VOC

Table 1: Commercial Cooking Emission Factors Developed by ERTAC

SCC SCC description Pollutant

Code Factor

Numeric

Value Factor Unit

Numerator Fa ctor Unit

Denominator

2302002100 Conveyorized Charbroiling 100027 1.326E

- 05 LB EACH

2302002200 Under

- fired Charbroiling 100027 6.385E

- 05 LB EACH

2302002100 Conveyorized Charbroiling 100414 7.668E

- 05 LB EACH

2302002200 Under

- fired Charbroiling 100414 5. 312E

- 04 LB EACH

2302002100 Conveyorized Charbroiling 100425 3.730E

- 04 LB EACH

2302002200 Under

- fired Charbroiling 100425 2.747E

- 03 LB EACH

### 36

SCC SCC description Pollutant

Code Factor

Numeric

Value Factor Unit

Numerator Fa ctor Unit

Denominator

2302002100 Conveyorized Charbroiling 106445 7.003E

- 06 LB EACH

2302002200 Under

- fired Charbroiling 106445 4.214E

- 0 5 LB EACH

2302002100 Conveyorized Charbroiling 107062 2.682E

- 05 LB EACH

2302002200 Under

- fired Charbroiling 107062 2.183E

- 04 LB EACH

2302002100 Conveyorized Charbroiling 108883 3.597E

- 04 LB EACH

2302002200 Under

- fired Charbroiling 108883 2.496E

- 03 LB E ACH

2302002100 Conveyorized Charbroiling 108952 4.421E

- 05 LB EACH

2302002200 Under

- fired Charbroiling 108952 3.063E

- 04 LB EACH

2302002100 Conveyorized Charbroiling 120127 5.943E

- 06 LB EACH

2302002200 Under

- fired Charbroiling 120127 1.914E

- 05 LB EACH

2 302003100 Flat Griddle Frying 120127 8.487E

- 06 LB EACH

2302002100 Conveyorized Charbroiling 123386 1.466E

- 04 LB EACH

2302002200 Under

- fired Charbroiling 123386 1.113E

- 03 LB EACH

2302002100 Conveyorized Charbroiling 129000 8.852E

- 06 LB EACH

2302002200 U nder

- fired Charbroiling 129000 3.587E

- 05 LB EACH

2302003100 Flat Griddle Frying 129000 3.139E

- 05 LB EACH

2302002100 Conveyorized Charbroiling 130498292 2.709E

- 04 LB EACH

2302002200 Under

- fired Charbroiling 130498292 7.911E

- 04 LB EACH

2302003100 Flat Gr iddle Frying 130498292 2.589E

- 04 LB EACH

2302002100 Conveyorized Charbroiling 1330207 7.799E

- 07 LB EACH

2302002200 Under

- fired Charbroiling 1330207 1.560E

- 06 LB EACH

2302002100 Conveyorized Charbroiling 191242 1.309E

- 06 LB EACH

2302002200 Under

- fired C harbroiling 191242 2.542E

- 06 LB EACH

### 37

SCC SCC description Pollutant

Code Factor

Numeric

Value Factor Unit

Numerator Fa ctor Unit

Denominator

2302002100 Conveyorized Charbroiling 193395 1.278E

- 06 LB EACH

2302002200 Under

- fired Charbroiling 193395 1.723E

- 06 LB EACH

2302002100 Conveyorized Charbroiling 206440 6.484E

- 06 LB EACH

2302002200 Under

- fired Charbro iling 206440 2.638E

- 05 LB EACH

2302003100 Flat Griddle Frying 206440 2.371E

- 05 LB EACH

2302002100 Conveyorized Charbroiling 208968 2.476E

- 05 LB EACH

2302002200 Under

- fired Charbroiling 208968 6.372E

- 05 LB EACH

2302003100 Flat Griddle Frying 208968 4.88 6E

- 06 LB EACH

2302002100 Conveyorized Charbroiling 50000 7.796E

- 04 LB EACH

2302002200 Under

- fired Charbroiling 50000 5.876E

- 03 LB EACH

2302002100 Conveyorized Charbroiling 50328 1.450E

- 06 LB EACH

2302002200 Under

- fired Charbroiling 50328 2.332E

- 06 LB E ACH

2302003100 Flat Griddle Frying 50328 1.154E

- 06 LB EACH

2302002100 Conveyorized Charbroiling 56553 1.772E

- 06 LB EACH

2302002200 Under

- fired Charbroiling 56553 5.432E

- 06 LB EACH

2302003100 Flat Griddle Frying 56553 2.918E

- 06 LB EACH

2302002100 Conve yorized Charbroiling 71432 1.006E

- 03 LB EACH

2302002200 Under

- fired Charbroiling 71432 7.351E

- 03 LB EACH

2302002100 Conveyorized Charbroiling 75070 5.562E

- 04 LB EACH

2302002200 Under

- fired Charbroiling 75070 4.242E

- 03 LB EACH

2302002100 Conveyorized Ch arbroiling 83329 1.613E

- 06 LB EACH

2302002200 Under

- fired Charbroiling 83329 2.776E

- 06 LB EACH

2302003100 Flat Griddle Frying 83329 1.357E

- 06 LB EACH

### 38

SCC SCC description Pollutant

Code Factor

Numeric

Value Factor Unit

Numerator Fa ctor Unit

Denominator

2302002100 Conveyorized Charbroiling 84742 4.140E

- 06 LB EACH

2302002200 Under

- fired Charbroiling 84742 2.413E

- 05 LB EACH

2302002100 Conveyorized Charbroiling 85018 2.771E

- 05 LB EACH

2302002200 Under

- fired Charbroiling 85018 8.647E

- 05 LB EACH

2302003100 Flat Griddle Frying 85018 6.021E

- 05 LB EACH

2302002100 Conveyorized Charbroiling 86737 6.408E

- 06 LB E ACH

2302002200 Under

- fired Charbroiling 86737 2.003E

- 05 LB EACH

2302003100 Flat Griddle Frying 86737 6.484E

- 06 LB EACH

2302002100 Conveyorized Charbroiling 91203 1.135E

- 04 LB EACH

2302002200 Under

- fired Charbroiling 91203 2.649E

- 04 LB EACH

2302003100 Flat Griddle Frying 91203 1.308E

- 04 LB EACH

2302002100 Conveyorized Charbroiling 92524 1.271E

- 05 LB EACH

2302002200 Under

- fired Charbroiling 92524 2.613E

- 05 LB EACH

2302003100 Flat Griddle Frying 92524 2.788E

- 06 LB EACH

2302002100 Conveyorized Charbroi ling 95476 6.167E

- 05 LB EACH

2302002200 Under

- fired Charbroiling 95476 4.387E

- 04 LB EACH

2302002100 Conveyorized Charbroiling 95487 3.482E

- 06 LB EACH

2302002200 Under

- fired Charbroiling 95487 2.111E

- 05 LB EACH

2302002100 Conveyorized Charbroiling 98862 4.991E

- 06 LB EACH

2302002200 Under

- fired Charbroiling 98862 3.250E

- 05 LB EACH

2302002100 Conveyorized Charbroiling CO 4.245E

- 02 LB EACH

2302002200 Under

- fired Charbroiling CO 1.350E

- 01 LB EACH

2302003000 Deep Fat Flying CO 0.000E+00 LB EACH

### 39

SCC SCC description Pollutant

Code Factor

Numeric

Value Factor Unit

Numerator Fa ctor Unit

Denominator

230200310 0 Flat Griddle Frying CO 1.269E

- 02 LB EACH

2302003200 Clamshell Griddle Frying CO 0.000E+00 LB EACH

2302002200 Under

- fired Charbroiling NOX 0.000E+00 LB EACH

2302002100 Conveyorized Charbroiling PM10

- FIL 1.648E

- 04 LB EACH

2302002200 Under

- fired Charbro iling PM10

- FIL 1.048E

- 03 LB EACH

2302003100 Flat Griddle Frying PM10

- FIL 2.727E

- 04 LB EACH

2302003200 Clamshell Griddle Frying PM10

- FIL 1.981E

- 05 LB EACH

2302002100 Conveyorized Charbroiling PM10

- PRI 4.980E

- 02 LB EACH

2302002200 Under

- fired Charbroilin g PM10

- PRI 3.528E

- 01 LB EACH

2302003000 Deep Fat Flying PM10

- PRI 0.000E+00 LB EACH

2302003100 Flat Griddle Frying PM10

- PRI 1.031E

- 01 LB EACH

2302003200 Clamshell Griddle Frying PM10

- PRI 6.994E

- 03 LB EACH

2302002100 Conveyorized Charbroiling PM25

- FIL 1. 597E

- 04 LB EACH

2302002200 Under

- fired Charbroiling PM25

- FIL 1.013E

- 03 LB EACH

2302003100 Flat Griddle Frying PM25

- FIL 2.074E

- 04 LB EACH

2302003200 Clamshell Griddle Frying PM25

- FIL 1.685E

- 05 LB EACH

2302002100 Conveyorized Charbroiling PM25

- PRI 4.827E

- 02 LB EACH

2302002200 Under

- fired Charbroiling PM25

- PRI 3.415E

- 01 LB EACH

2302003000 Deep Fat Flying PM25

- PRI 0.000E+00 LB EACH

2302003100 Flat Griddle Frying PM25

- PRI 7.834E

- 02 LB EACH

2302003200 Clamshell Griddle Frying PM25

- PRI 5.910E

- 03 LB EACH

2 302002200 Under

- fired Charbroiling SO2 0.000E+00 LB EACH

2302002100 Conveyorized Charbroiling VOC 1.206E

- 02 LB EACH

### 40

SCC SCC description Pollutant

Code Factor

Numeric

Value Factor Unit

Numerator Fa ctor Unit

Denominator

2302002200 Under

- fired Charbroiling VOC 4.148E

- 02 LB EACH

2302003000 Deep Fat Flying VOC 1.261E

- 02 LB EACH

2302003100 Flat Griddle Fryin g VOC 5.943E

- 03 LB EACH

2302003200 Clamshell Griddle Frying VOC 2.316E

- 04 LB EACH

### 41

CONSTRUCTION DUST ( 3 SCCs: SCC 2 311010000 , SCC 2 311020000 , SCC 2311030000 )

RESIDENTIAL CONSTRUCTION

Emissions from residential construction activity are a function of the acreage disturbed and volume of soil excavated
for residential construction. Residential construction activity is developed from data obtained from the U.S.
Department of Commerce (DOC)’s Bureau of the Census

. The following documenta tion was prepared by E.H. Pechan

and Associates with footnotes located at the end of this section :

For this source category, the following SCC was assigned:

Source

Classification

Code SCC Level One SCC Level Two SCC Level

Three SCC Level

Four

23110100 00 Industrial

Processes Construction:

SIC 15

- 17 General Building

Construction Total

Activity data:

There are two activity calculations performed for this SCC, acres of surface soil disturbed and volume of soil removed

for basements

.

Surface s oil dis turbed



### The US Census Bureau has 2008 data for Housing Starts

- New Privately Owned Housing Units Started 1 

### which
provides regional level housing starts based on the groupings of 1 unit, 2

- 4 units, 5 or more units. A consultation with

the Census Bureau in 20 02 gave a breakdown of approximately 1/3 of the housing starts being for 2 unit structures, and
2/3 being for 3 and 4 unit structures. The 2

- 4 unit category was then divided into 2

- units, and 3

- 4 units based on this

ratio.

### 42

To get the number of structures for each grouping, the 1unit category was divided by 1, 2 unit category was divided by

2, and the 3

- 4 unit category was divided by 3.5. The 5 or more unit category listed may be made up of more than one

structure. New Privately Owned Housing Units Authoriz ed Unadjusted Units 2 

### gives a conversion factor to determine
the ratio of structures to units in the 5 or more unit category. For example if a county has one 40unit apartment
building, the ratio would be 40/1. If there are 5 different 8 unit buildings in th e same project, the ratio would be 40/5.
Structures started by category are then calculated at a regional level. The table Annual Housing Units Authorized by
Building Permit

3 

### has 2007 data at the county level to allocate regional housing starts to the coun ty level. This results in
county level housing starts by number of units. The following surface areas were assumed disturbed for each unit type:



### Table 1: Surface Soil removed per unit type

1

- Unit 1/4 acre/structure

2

- Unit 1/3 acre/structure

Apartment 1 /2 acre/structure

The 3

- 4 unit category was considered to be an apartment. Multiplication of housing starts to soil removed results in
number of acres disturbed for each unit category.

Basement soil removal



### To calculate basement soil removal, 2007 Characteristics of New Houses 4 

### is used to estimate the percentage of 1 unit
structures that have a basement (on the regional level). The county level estimate of number of 1 unit starts is
multiplied by the percent of 1 unit houses in the region that have a basement to get the number of basements in a
county. Basement volume is calculated by assuming a 2000 square foot house has a basement dug to a depth of 8 feet
(making 16

, 00 0 ft 3 

### per basement). An additional 10% is added for peripheral dirt bringing the total to 17

, 60 0 ft 3 

### per

basement.

### 43

Emission Factors:

Initial PM 10 

### emissions from construction of single family, two family, and apartments structures are calculated using
the emission factors given in Table 2. The duration of construction activit y for houses is assumed to be 6 months and
the duration of construction for apartments is assumed to be 12 months.

Table 2. Emission Factors for Residential Construction

Type of Structure Emission Factor Duration of

Construction

Apartments 0.11 to ns PM10/acre

- month 12 months

2

- Unit Structures 0.032 tons PM10/acre

- month 6 months

1

- Unit Structures w/o

Basements 0.032 tons PM10/acre

- month 6 months

1

- unit Structures with

Basements 0.011 tons PM10/acre

- month 6 months

0.059 tons PM10/1 000 cubic yards

Regional variances in construction emissions are corre cted using soil moisture level and silt content. These correction
parameters are applied to initial PM 10 

### emissions from residential construction to develop the final emissions inven tory.
To account for the soil moisture level, the PM 10 

### emissions are weighted using the 30

- year average precipitation

evaporation (PE) values from Thornthwaite’s PE Index. Average precipitation evaporation values for each State were

estimated based on PE values for specific climatic divisions within a State. These values range from 7 to 41.

### 44

To account for the silt content, thePM 10 

### emissions are weighted using average silt content for each county. A data base
containing county

- level dry silt values was complied. These values were derived by applying a correction factor
developed by the California Air Resources Board to convert wet silt values to dry silt values. 5



### The equation for PM 10 

### emissions corrected for soil moisture and silt content

is:

where:

Corrected E PM10 

### = PM 10 

### emissions corrected for soil moisture and silt content,

PE = precipitation

- evaporation value for each State,

S = % dry silt content in soil for area being inventoried.

Once PM 10 

### adjustments h ave been made, PM 25 

### emissions are set to 1 0% of PM 10



### Example Calculation:

PM 10 

### Emissions = ∑( A unit 

### x T construction 

### x EF unit 

### ) x Adj PM 

### Where A unit 

### = HS Unit 

### x SM Unit 

### HS Unit 

### = Regional Housing Starts x (county building permits/Regional building permits)

SM Unit 

### = Area or volume of soil moved for the given unit type

T Construction 

### = Cons truction time (in months) for given unit type

EF Unit 

### = Unadjusted emission factor for PM 10 

### for the given unit type
Adj PM 

### = PM Adjustment factor

### 45

References:

1. New Privately Owned Housing Units Started for 2008 ( Not seasonally adjusted)

http://www.census.gov/const/startsua.pdf



### 2. Table 2au. New Privately Owned Housing Units Authorized Unadjusted Units for Regions, Divisions, and

States http://www.census.gov/const/C40/Table2/tb2u2007.txt



### 3. Annual Housing Units Authorized by Building Permits CO2007A, purchased from US Department of Census

4. Type of Foundation in New One

- Family Houses Completed

, http://www.census.gov/const/C25Ann/sftotalfoundation.pdf

### 46

NON

- RESIDENTIAL CONSTRUCTION

Emissions from non

- residential construction activity are a function of the acreage disturbed for non

- residential

construct ion. The following documentation was prepared by E.H. Pechan and Associates with footnotes located at the

end of this section :

For this source category, the following SCC was assigned:

Source

Classification

Code SCC Level One SCC Level Two SCC Level

Th ree SCC Level

Four

2311020000 Industrial

Processes Construction:

SIC 15

- 17 Heavy

Construction Total

Activity Data:

Annual Value of Construction Put in Place in the U.S 1 

### has the 2008 National Value of Non

- residential construction.

The national value of non

- residential construction put in place (in millions of dollars) was allocated to counties using

county

- level non

- residential construction (NAICS Code 2362) employment data obtained from County Business

Patterns 2 

### (CBP) . Because some counties employme nt data was withheld due to privacy concerns, the following
procedure was adopted:

1. State totals for the known county level employees was subtracted from the number of employees reported in the

state level version of CBP. This results in the total number o f withheld employees in the state.

2. A starting guess of the midpoint of the range code was used (so for instance in the 1

- 19 employees range, a

guess of 10 employees would be used) and a state total of the withheld counties was computed.

### 47

3. A ratio of guessed employees (Step 2) to withheld employees (Step 1) was then used to adjust the county level

guesses up or down so the state total of adjusted guesses should match state total of withheld employees (Step

1)

In 1999 a figure of 2 acres/$10 6 

### was developed. The Bureau of Labor Statistics Producer Price Index 3 

### lists costs of the
construction industry from 1999

- 2007. 2007 acres per $10 6 

### = 1999 acres per $10 6 

### x (1999 PPI / 2007 PPI)

=2 acres/$10 6 

### (132.9 / 204.3) = 1.301 acres per $10 6



### Emission Factors:

Initi al PM 10 

### emissions from construction of non

- residential buildings are calculated using an em ission factor of 0.19

tons/acre

- month. The duration of construction activity for non

- residential construction is assumed to be 11 months.
Regional variances in cons truction emissions are corre cted using soil moisture level and silt content. These correction
parameters are applied to initial PM 10 

### emissions from non

- residential construction to develop the final emissions
inventory.

To account for the soil moisture lev el, the PM 10 

### emissions are weighted using the 30

- year average precipitation

evaporation (PE) values from Thornthwaite’s PE Index. Average precipitation evaporation values for each State were
estimated based on PE values for specific climatic divisions wit hin a State. These values range from 7 to 41.

To account for the silt content, the PM 10 

### emissions are weighted using average silt content for each county. A data
base containing county

- level dry silt values was complied. These values were derived by a pplying a correction factor
developed by the California Air Resources Board to convert wet silt values to dry silt values. 7



### The equation for PM 10 

### emissions corrected for soil moisture and silt content is:

### 48

where:

Correc ted E PM10 

### = PM 10 

### emissions corrected for soil moisture and silt content,

PE = precipitation

- evaporation value for each State,

S = % dry silt content in soil for area being inventoried.

Once PM 10 

### adjustments have been made, PM 25 

### emissions are set t o 1 0% of PM 10



### Example Calculation:

Emissions PM10 

### = N Spending 

### x (Emp county 

### / Emp National 

### ) x Apd x EF Adj 

### x M

Where N Spending 

### = National spending

Emp county 

### = county level employment data

Emp National 

### = National level employment data
Apd = Acres per million dollars

EF Adj 

### = Adjusted PM10 emission factor
M = duration of construction activity

References:

1. Annual Value of Construction Put in Place: http://www.census.gov/const/www/ototpage.html

2. Coun ty Business Patterns: http://www.census.gov/econ/cbp/index.html

3. Bureau of Labor Statistics: http://www.bls.gov/data/ 

### Table BMNR

### 49

ROAD CONSTRUCTION

E missions from road construction activity are a function of the acreage disturbed for road construction. Road
construction activity is developed from data obtained from the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA).
The following documentation was prepared b y E.H. Pechan and Associates with footnotes located at the end of this

section :

For this category, the following SCC was assigned:

Source

Classification

Code SCC Level One SCC Level Two SCC Level

Three SCC Level

Four

2311030000 Industrial

Processes Con struction: SIC

15

- 17 Road Construction Total



### Activity Data:

The Federal Highway Administration has Highway Statistics, Section IV

- Highway Finance, Table SF

- 12A, State
Highway Agency Capital Outlay 1 

### for 2006 which outlines spending by state in sever al different categories. For this
SCC, the following columns are used: New Construction, Relocation, Added Capacity, Major Widening, and Minor
Widening. These columns are also differentiated according to the following six classifications:

1. Interstate, urban

2. Interstate, rural

3. Other arterial, urban

4. Other arterial, rural

5. Collectors, urban

6. Collectors, rural

### 50

The State expenditure data are then converted to new miles of road constructed using $/mile conversions obtained from

the North Carolin a Department of Transportation (NCDOT) in 2000. A conversion of $4 million/mile is applied to the interstate expenditures. For expenditures on other arterial and collectors, a conversion factor of $1.9 million/mile is

applied, which corresponds to all ot her projects.

The new miles of road constructed are used to estimate the acreage disturbed due to road construction. The total area disturbed in each state is calculated by converting the new miles of road constructed to acres using an acres

disturbed/mi le conversion factor for each road type as given in the table below:

Table 1: Spending per M ile and Acres D isturbed per M ile by H ighway T ype



### Road Type Thousand
Dollars per

mile Acres

Disturbed per

mile

Urban Areas, Interstate 4000 15.2

Rural Areas, Interstate 4000 15.2

Urban Areas, Other Arterials 1900 15.2

Rural Areas, Other Arterials 1900 12.7

Urban Areas, Collectors 1900 9.8

Rural Areas, Collectors 1900 7.9

### 51

Residential building starts 2 

### are used to allocate the state

- level acres disturbed by road construction to the county. A ratio of the number of building starts in each county to the total number of building starts in each state is applied to the

state

- level acres disturbed to estimate the total number of acres disturbed by road construc tion in each county.

Emission Factors:

Initial PM 10 

### emissions from construction of roads are calculated using an em ission factor of 0.42 tons/acre

- month. Since most road construction consists of grading and leveling of land, the higher emission factor m ore accurately reflects the high level of cut and fill activity that occurs at road construction sites. The duration of construction activit y
for road construction is assumed to be 12 months.
Regional variances in construction emissions are corre cted using soil moisture level and silt content . These correction
parameters are applied to initial PM 10 

### emissions from road construction to develop the final emissions inventory.

To account for the soil moisture level, the PM 10 

### emissions are weighted using the 30

- year average precipitation

evaporation (PE) values from Thornthwaite’s PE Index. Average precipitation evaporation values for each State were
estimated based on PE values for specific climatic divisions within a State. These values range from 7 to 41.

T o account for the silt content, thePM 10 

### emissions are weighted using average silt content for each county. A data base
containing county

- level dry silt values was complied. These values were derived by applying a correction factor
developed by the Califo rnia Air Resources Board to convert wet silt values to dry silt values.
The equation for PM 10 

### emissions corrected for soil moisture and silt content is:

where: Corrected E PM10 

### = PM 10 

### emissions corrected for soil moistu re and silt content,

PE = precipitation

- evaporation value for each State,

S = % dry silt content in soil for area being inventoried.

Once PM 10 

### adjustments have been made, PM 25 

### emissions are set to 1 0% of PM 10

### 52

Emission Calculation:

Emissions PM10 

### = ∑(HD rt 

### x MC rt 

### x AC rt 

### ) x (HS County 

### / HS State 

### ) x EF Adj 

### x M

Where HD rt 

### = Highway Spending for a specific road type

MC rt 

### = Mileage conversion for a specific road type

AC rt 

### = Acreage conversion for a specific road type

HS County 

### = Housing Starts in a given count y
HS State 

### = Housing Starts in a given State

EF Adj 

### = Adjusted PM10 Emission Factor M = duration of construction activity

References:

1. 2006 Highway Spending : http://www.fhwa. dot.gov/policy/ohim/hs06/xls/sf12a.xls

2. Annual Housing Units Authorized by Building Permits CO2007A, purchased from US Department of Census

.

### 53

DEGREASING (4 SCCs: SCC 2415360000, SCC 2415300000, SCC 2415230000, SCC 2415200000)

(Auto Repair (Cold Cleaning ) SCC 2415360000, Manufacturing (Cold Cleaning) SCC 2415300000, Electronics
(Vapor/In

- Line) SCC 2415230000, Other (Vapor/In

- Line) SCC 2415200000)

Surface cleaning, also known as “degreasing”, includes the solvent cleaning or conditioning of metal surfaces and parts,
fabricated plastics, electronic and electrical components and other nonporous substrates. These cleaning processes are
designed to remove foreign material, such as oils, grease, waxes and moisture, usually in the preparation for further

treatme nt, such as painting, electroplating, galvanizing, anodizing or applying conversion coatings. Three basic types of
surface cleaning operations are currently used: cold cleaning, vapor cleaning, and in

- line or conveyorized cleaning, which

can be either a co ld or vapor cleaning process. VOC emission results from the evaporation of solvents used in these

processes.

Cold cleaning is a batch process in which solvents are applied at room temperature or slightly heated. Parts are immersed
in a solvent, usually mi neral spirits. Parts too large for immersion may be sprayed or wiped with a solvent. The primary
cold cleaning application is cleaning of tools or metal parts at service and automotive repair stations and manufacturing
facilities. Cold cleaning may incorpo rate covers or freeboards to limit the evaporative loss of solvents.

In

- line cleaners use automated load systems (typically conveyors) to maintain a continuous feed to the cleaning unit.
These units use both cold and vapor

- cleaning methods as described ab ove, with the majority being halogenated solvent
cleaning systems. These units are used for large

- scale operations and are usually enclosed except to the conveyor inlet or
exit. A common application of in

- line cleaners is cleaning printed circuit boards fo r the electronic and electrical
component industries.

The Emission Inventory Improvement Program (EIIP) developed the following population

- based methods for estimating
degreasing emissions.

### 54

Activity data was collected from the US Census Bureau’s county l evel population estimates for July 1, 2007. 1 

### Point
source emissions, where present, were subtracted from these emission estimates.

SAMPLE VOC EMISSION CALCULATIONS:

where:
Auto Repair (Cold Cleaning) VOC Emission Factor = 2.5 lb s VOC/person/year 1



### Manufacturing (Cold Cleaning) VOC Emission Factor = 1.1 lbs VOC/person/year 1



### Electronics and Electrical (Vapor/In

- Line) VOC Emission Factor = 0.21 lbs VOC/person/year 1



### Other (Vapor/In

- Line) VOC Emission Factor = 0.49 lbs VOC/person/year 1



### Population = 1,219,210 (Allegheny County ) 2



### Auto Repair Cold Cleaning CE (Control Efficiency) = 66% 3



### Manufacturing Cold Cleaning CE (Control Efficiency) = 66% 3



### Electronics Vapor/In

- Line CE (Control Efficiency) = 63 % 3



### Other Vapor/In

- Line CE (Control Efficiency) = 63% 3



### All Categories RP (Rule Penetration) = 100%
All Categories RE (Rule Effectiveness) = 80%

1 

### Eastern R esearch Group, “Emission Inventory Improvement Program, Document Series, Volume III, Area Sources,
Chapter 6,Solvent Cleaning,” Table 6.5

- 2 (EPA 1991), prepared for the Area Sources Committee, Emission Inventory
Improvement Program, Septembert 1997.

2 

### 2 U .S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census, “ Population Estimates Program ,” T1. Population Estimates
[10] data Set: 2007 Population Estimates, available from http://www.census.g ov/popest/counties/CO

- EST2007

- 01.html , accessed March 2009.

3 

### 25 Pa. Code Section 129.63, “Degreas ing Operations,” available from
http://www.pacode.com/secure/data/025/chapter129/s129.63.html

### 55

Allegheny County Auto Repair (Cold Cleaning) VOC Emissions Calculation :

### 56

DRY CLEANERS (SCC 2420000 000 )

Three types of dry cleaning operations ar e used: coin

- operated facilities using perchloroethylene (perc);
commercial/industrial facilities using perc; and commercial/industrial facilities using VOC solvents. Each county’s emissions were estimated per the sample calculations below using an emplo yment

- based emission

factor 1 

### and the number of 2006 employees in NAICS codes 81231X, 81232X, and 81233X.

. The number of Dry
Cleaning employees was obtained from County Business Patterns 2 

### by E. H. Pechan and Associates who also performed
midpoint calculatio ns on any ranges obtained

. E ach county’s emissions were estimated per the sample calculations

below.

SAMPLE VOC EMISSION CALCULATIONS:

Annual VOC Emissions = (Emission Fa ctor)(Number of Employees)

where:

Emission Factor = 467 lbs VOC/ employee/ year 1



### Employees = 2002 (2006 Allegheny County) 2

1 

### ERTAC Recommended, Freedonia 2007, accessed October 2009.

2 

### National, State and County level employment data downloaded from US Census Bureau, mapping of employment
flag letters reported by County Business Patterns to the range and midpoints of the range, and calculated final activity
data using the employment mid point and adjustment factor

.

### 57

### 58

E LECTRONIC AND OTHER ELECTRIC COATINGS (SCC 2401065000)

The VOC emissions from this source c ategory result from the evaporation of the solvent used in the insulation coatings
applied to wire and cable and electronic parts. The emissions for each county were calculated using an employment

based emission factor 1 

### and the number of employees in NAICS codes 331319, 331422, 331491, 335929, 335921 and

335311

. The number of Electrical Appliance employees was obtained from County Business Patterns 2 

### and the
midpoints were calculated by E. H. Pechan and Associates where obtained

. E ach county’s emissions wer e estimated
per the sample calculations below.

SAMPLE VOC EMISSION CALCULATIONS:

Annual VOC Emissions = (Emission Factor)(Number of Employees)

where:

Emission Factor = 24.7 lbs VOC/employee/year 1



### Employees = 60 (Alleghe ny County) 2

1 

### ERTAC Area Inventory Comparability Project solvent working group, August 8, 2009, (version 4) .xls, accessed
September 2009.

2 

### National, State and County level employment data downloaded from US Census Bureau, mapping of e mployment
flag letters reported by County Business Patterns to the range and midpoints of the range, and calculated final activity
data using the employment midpoint and adjustment factor

.

### 59

### 60

FACTORY FINISHED WOOD (SCC 2401015000)

The VOC emissions from this source category result from the evaporation of the solvent used in the gluing and coat ing
process. The emissions for each county were calculated using an employment

- based emission factor 1 

### and employees

number s in NAICS codes 321 XX 2



### . The number of employees in each county was collected from County Business
patterns and the adjusted employe e numbers w ere prepared by Pechan & Associates using employment midpoint and
adjustment factors for any ranges obtained

. Point source emissions, where present, were subtracted from these emission

estimates.

SAMPLE VOC EMISSION CALCULATIONS:

Annual VOC Em issions = (Emission Factor)(Number of Employees)

where:
Emission Factor = 43 lbs VOC/employee/year 1



### Employees =270 (Allegheny County) 2

1 

### ERTAC Area Inventory Comparability Project solvent working group , August 8, 2009, (version 4).xls, accessed
September 2009.

2 

### National, State and County level employment data downloaded from US Census Bureau, mapping of employment
flag letters reported by County Business Patterns to the range and midpoints of the rang e, and calculated final activity
data using the employment midpoint and adjustment factor

.

### 61

F IFRA

- REGULATED PRODUCTS (S CC 2460800000)

Pesticides defined by FIFRA include substances or mixtures that are used to prevent, destroy, repel, or mitigate pests,
as well as substances used as plant regulators, defoliators, and desiccants. Consumer pesticides are used in the home
and garden, as well as in commercial and governmental applications. Disinfectants and antimicrobial products are
included. Household uses include pet care products, disinfectants and insecticides. All consumer and commercial
pesticides contain VOCs. Ae rosol and liquid sprays contain VOCs as solvents, usually ethanol and isobutane.
Pesticides products can be grouped according to their target pest, but should also be grouped according to their form
(solid, liquid or aerosol) when considering control meas ures.

County

- level emissions were calculated using a per capita emission factor which was obtained from the Emission
Inventory Improvement Program (EIIP) 1 

### and U.S. Bureau of the Census 2007 population data 2 

### . The emission factor

represents pre

- control emis sion rates. A CE of 20 percent 3 

### and an RP of 48.6 percent 4 

### were applied to reflect the
Federal Rule for consumer products. There are no point sources associated with this category.

1 

### Eastern Research Group, “Emission Inventory Improvement Program, Document Series, Volume III, Area Sources,
Chapter 5, Consumer and Commercial Solvent Use,” Table 5.4

- 1, prepared for the Area Sources Committee, Emission
Inventory Improvement Program, August 1996, available from
http://www.epa.gov/ttn/chief/eiip/techreport/volume03/inde x.html , accessed March 2009

2 

### U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census, “ Population Estimates Program ,” T1. Population Estimates
[10] data Set: 2007 Population Estimates, available from http://www.census.gov/popest/counties/CO

- EST2007

- 01.html , accessed March 2009.

3 

### ERTAC Recommendation, Midwest RPO Inventory Comparability Project, revised June 2, 2009, accessed June 2009.

4 

### E.H. Pechan & Associates, Inc., Control Measu re Development Support Analysis of Ozone Transport Commission

Model Rules , prepared for the Ozone Transport Commission, March 2001.

### 62

Each county’s emissions are estimated per the sample calculations listed be low.

SAMPLE VOC EMISSION CALCULATIONS:

where:

E mission Factor = 1.78 lbs per person/year 1



### Population = 1,219,210 (Allegheny County) 2



### Control Efficiency = 20% 3



### RP (Rule Penetrat ion) = 48.6% 4



### RE (Rule Effectiveness) = 100%

1 

### Eastern Research Group, “Emission Inventory Improvement Program, Document Series, Volume III, Area Sources,
Chapter 5, Consumer and Commercial Solvent Use,” Table 5.4

- 1, prepared for the Area Sources Committee, Emission
Inventory Improvement Program, August 1996, available from
http://www.epa. gov/ttn/chief/eiip/techreport/volume03/index.html , accessed March 2009

2 

### U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census, “ Population Estimates Program ,” T1. Population Estimates
[10] data Set: 2007 Population Estimates, available from http://www.census.gov/popest/counties/CO

- EST2007

- 01.html , accessed March 2009.

3 

### ERTAC Recommendation, Midwest RPO Inventory Comparability Project, revised June 2, 2009, accessed June 2009.

4 

### E.H. Pechan & Associates, Inc., Control Measure Development Support Analysis of Ozone Transport Commission

Model Rules , prepared for the Ozone Transport Commission, March 2001.

### 63

### 64

FUEL COMBUSTION

– COMMERCIAL/INSTITUTIONAL ( 7 SCCs: SCC 2103001000, SCC 2103002000,

SCC 2103004000, SCC 2103005000, SCC 210300600 0, SCC 2103007000, SCC 2103011000)

Source Description and Classification

This sub

- sector covers emissions from fuel combustion at stationary non

- point sources within the

commercial/institutional sector. These documentation and fuel combustion emissions were calculated by E. H. Pechan

and Associates. References are listed at the end of the Fuel Combustion

– Commercial/Institutional section. The
following are the fuel types that will be included in the inventory for the commercial/institutional non

- point source sub

sector: anthracite coal, bituminous/sub

- bituminous coal, distillate oil, residual oil, natural gas, LPG, wood, and
kerosene. Motor gasoline is not included as a non

- point source because it is expected that all non

- point gasoline

combustion in this sector is included in the non

- road inventory.

The approach to be used in calculating emissions for commercial/institutional fuel combustion is to first develop state

level fuel consumption estimates, then to allocate these to the county

- level, and t hen to multiply the resulting county

level consumption estimates by appropriate emission factors.

Source Classification. The non

- point SCCs associated with commercial/institutional fuel combustion are displayed in

Table 1.

Table 1. Non

- point Source Co mmercial/Institutional Fuel Combustion SCCs



### SCC SCC Level 1 SCC Level 2 SCC Level 3 SCC Level 4

2103001000 Stationary Source Fuel Combustion Commercial/Institutional Anthracite Coal Total: All Boiler Types

2103002000 Stationary Source Fuel Combustion Co mmercial/Institutional Bituminous/Sub

- bituminous

Coal Total: All Boiler Types

2103004000 Stationary Source Fuel Combustion Commercial/Institutional Distillate Oil Total: Boilers and IC Engines

2103005000 Stationary Source Fuel Combustion Commercial/Inst itutional Residual Oil Total: All Boiler Types

2103006000 Stationary Source Fuel Combustion Commercial/Institutional Natural Gas Total: Boilers and IC Engines

### 65

SCC SCC Level 1 SCC Level 2 SCC Level 3 SCC Level 4

2103007000 Stationary Source Fuel Combustion Commercial/Institutional Liquefied Petroleum Ga s (LPG) Total: All Combustor Types

2103008000 Stationary Source Fuel Combustion Commercial/Institutional Wood Total: All Boiler Types

2103011000 Stationary Source Fuel Combustion Commercial/Institutional Kerosene Total: All Combustor Types



### Activity D ata

Table 2 summarizes this sector’s non

- point source activity data, units, and data source. Total state

- level commercial sector energy consumption data are available from the Energy Information Administration (EIA)’s State Energy Data
System (SEDS), and were used for most source categories (EIA, 200 7 a). However, as documented below, a number of
adjustments were made to the SEDS data, and a separate EIA data source was used for distillate oil. Year 2006 SEDS

data were used to estimate 200 7 emissions bec ause these were the latest year consumption data available at the time
this work was performed in 2009.

Table 2. Non

- point Source Commercial/Institutional Fuel Combustion Activity Data

SCC SCC Level 1 SCC Level 2 SCC Level 3 SCC Level 4 Activity Activ ity

Data

Source

2103001000 Stationary Source Fuel Combustion Commercial/Institutional Anthracite Coal Total: All Boiler Types Thousand short tons

of coal consumed EIA’s SEDS a

2103002000 Stationary Source Fuel Combustion Commercial/Institutional Bituminou s/

Sub

- bituminous Coal Total: All Boiler Types Thousand short tons

of coal consumed EIA’s SEDS a

2103004000 Stationary Source Fuel Combustion Commercial/Institutional Distillate Oil Total: All Boiler Types Thousand barrels of

distillate oil consumed EIA’s Fuel Oil

and Kerosene

Sales a

2103005000 Stationary Source Fuel Combustion Commercial/Institutional Residual Oil Total: All Boiler Types Thousand barrels of

residual oil consumed EIA’s SEDS a

### 66

SCC SCC Level 1 SCC Level 2 SCC Level 3 SCC Level 4 Activity Activ ity

Data

Source

2103006000 Stationary Source Fuel Combustion Commercial/Instit utional Natural Gas Total: All Boiler Types Million cubic feet of
natural gas consumed EIA’s SEDS a

2103007000 Stationary Source Fuel Combustion Commercial/Institutional Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) Total: All Combustor
Types Thousand barrels of

LPG con sumed EIA’s SEDS a

2103008000 Stationary Source Fuel Combustion Commercial/Institutional Wood Total: All Boiler Types Billion Btu of wood

consumed EIA’s SEDS a

2103011000 Stationary Source Fuel Combustion Commercial/Institutional Kerosene Total: All Comb ustor Types Thousand barrels of

kerosene consumed EIA’s SEDS a

(a) With adjustments that are described in the text of this section.



### Fuel

- Specific Activity Data Adjustments

Coal

- for commercial/institutional coal combustion, t he SEDS data do not provide coal consumption estimates by type

of coal (i.e., anthracite ver sus bituminous/sub

- bituminous) and in some cases, CAP emission factors differ between the

two. Because anthracite is mined in the eastern half of the Commonwealth, while bituminous is mined i n the western

half, the emission calculations assume that eastern counties burn anthracite coal while western counties burn

bituminous coal.

Commercial Coal Combustion :

where:

VOC Emission Factor = 0.3 l bs/ton anthracite coal/ye ar; 0.05 lbs/ton bituminous coal/year

NO

x 

### Emission Factor = 9 lbs/ton anthracite coal/year; 11 lbs/ton bituminous coal/year
CO Emission Factor = 0.6 lbs/ton anthracite coal/year; 5.0 lbs/ton bituminous coal/year

Pb Emission Factor = 0.00042 lbs/ton anthra cite coal/year and bituminous coal/year

### 67

SO 2 

### Emission Factor =34.71 lbs/ton anthracite coal/year; 91.96 lbs/ton bituminous coal/year (EPA
default values for PA)

PM10

- FIL Emission Factor = 1 4.718 lbs/ton anthracite coal/year; 12 lbs/ton bituminous coal/year

PM25

- FIL Emission Factor = 6.4224 lbs/ton anthracite coal/year; 1.4 lbs/ton bituminous coal/year

PM

- CON Emission Factor = 0.0 8 lbs/ton anthracite coal/year; 0.0 4 lbs/ton bituminous coal/year
Anthracite Coal Sulfur Content = 0.89%
Bituminous Coal Sulfur Con tent = 2.42%

Anthracite Coal Ash Content = 13.38% ash
Pennsylvania Commercial Coal Consumption = 574,000 tons Number of Commercial County Employees (Allegheny County) = 637,800
Number of Pennsylvania ’s Comme rcial Employees = 4,546,525

where:

NOX Emissions :

### 68

Distillate Oil and LPG

– the SEDS commercial/institutional sector distillate oil and LPG consumpt ion data include
consumption estimates for equipment that EPA includes in the non

- road sector inventory. To avoid double

- counting of
LPG consumption, EPA ran the National Mobile Inventory Model (NMIM) for 2006 and calculated the national

volume of non

- roa d LPG consumption from commercial sector source categories. This estimate was then divided into
the SEDS total industrial sector LPG consumption estimate to yield the proportion of total commercial/institutional
sector LPG consumption attributable to the non

- road sector in that year (approximately 18 percent). To estimate the
volume of commercial/institutional sector LPG consumption that should not be included in the non

- point source in

ventory EPA subtracted 18 percent from each state’s commercial sector LPG consumption estimate reported in SEDS.

To avoid double

- counting of distillate oil consumption between the non

- point and non

- road sector emission
inventories, EPA relied on a source other than SEDS to estimate consumption. The approach uses more deta iled
distillate oil consumption estimates reported in EIA’s Fuel Oil and Kerosene Sales , and assumptions from the regulatory impact analysis (RIA) for EPA’s non

- road diesel emissions rulemaking (EIA, 200 8 b; EPA, 2003). Table 4
displays the assumptions tha t were applied to the state

- level distillate oil consumption estimates reported in Fuel Oil

and Kerosene Sales to estimate total stationary source commercial/institutional sector consumption

.

T able 4. Assumptions Used to Estimate Commercial/Institutional Sector Stationary Source Distillate Fuel Consumption

Sector Distillate Fuel Type % of Total Consumption from Stationary

Sources

Commercial No. 1 Distillate Fuel Oil 80

No. 2 Distillate Fuel Oil 100

No. 2 Distillate/Ultra

- Low, Low, and High Sulfur

Di esel 0 a



### No. 4 Distillate Fuel Oil 100

a 

### A very small portion of total commercial/institutional diesel is consumed by point sources (SCC 203001xx).

### 69

Commercial/Institutional Distillate Oil Combustion :

where:

VOC Emission Facto r = 0.34 lbs/thous. gal. distillate oil/year

NO

x 

### Emission Factor = 20 lbs/thous. gal. distillate oil/year
CO Emission Factor = 5.0 lbs/thous. gal. distillate oil/year
Pb Emission Factor = 0.00126 lbs/thous. gal. distillate oil/year
Sulfur Content = 0.3%

SO 2 

### Emission Factor = 42.6 lbs/thous. gal. distillate oil/year

PM10

- FIL Emission Factor = 1.08 lbs/ thous. gal. distillate oil

/year

PM25

- FIL Emission Factor = 0.83 lbs /thous. gal. distillate oil

/year

PM

- CON Emission Factor = 1.3 lbs/ thous. gal. distillate o il

/year
Pennsylvania Commercial Distillate Oil Consumption = 4,264,000 barrels = 179,088 thousand
gallons

where:
Number of Allegheny County Commercial Employees = 637,800
Number of Pennsylvania Commercial Employees = 4,546,525

NO2 Emissions :

### 70

Commercial/Institutional Residual Oil Combustion :

where:

VOC Emission Factor = 1.13 lbs/thous gal. residual oil/year

NO

x 

### Emission Factor = 55 lbs/thous gal. residual oil/year

CO Emission Factor = 5.0 lbs/thou s gal. residual oil/year
Pb Emission Factor = 0.00165 lbs/thous gal. residual oil/year

SO 2 

### Emission Factor = 353.25 lbs/thous gal. residual oil/year
Sulfur Content = 2.25%

PM10

- FIL Emission Factor = 14.9413 lbs/ thous gal. residual oil/year

PM25

- FIL Emissio n Factor = 5.5488 lbs /thous gal. residual oil/year

PM

- CON Emission Factor = 1.5 lbs/ thous gal. residual oil/year
Pennsylvania Commercial Residual Consumption = 287,000 barrels = 12,054,000 gallons

where:
Number of Commercial/Institutional County Employees (Allegheny County) = 637,800

Number of Pennsylvania Commercial/Institutional Employees = 4,546,525

VOC Emissions :

### 71

Commercial/Institutional Natural Gas Combustion :

where:

VOC Emission Fac tor = 5.5 lbs/MMCF natural gas/year

NO

x 

### Emission Factor = 100 lbs/MMCF natural gas/year
CO Emission Factor = 84 lbs/MMCF natural gas/year
Pb Emission Factor = .0005 lbs/MMCF natural gas/year

SO 2 

### Emission Factor = 0.6 lbs/MMCF natural gas/year

PM10

- FIL Emis sion Factor = 0.13 lbs/MMCF natural gas/year

PM25

- FIL Emission Factor = 0.11 lbs/MMCF natural gas/year

PM

- CON Emission Factor = 0.32 lbs/MMCF natural gas/year
Pennsylvania Commercial/Institutional NG Consumption = 130,328 MMCF

where:
Number of Allegheny County Commercial Employees = 637,800
Number of Pennsylvania Commercial Employees = 4,546,525

### 72

CO Emissions :

Commercial/Institutional LPG Combustion :

where:

VOC Emission Factor = 21.91 lbs /1000 barrel LPG/year

NO

x 

### Emission Factor = 398.38 lbs/1000 barrel LPG/year
CO Emission Factor = 501.96 lbs/1000 barrel LPG/year
Pb Emission Factor = 0.001827 lbs/1000 barrel LPG/year

SO 2 

### Emission Factor = 2.39 lbs/1000 barrel LPG/year

PM10

- FIL Emission Fa ctor = 0.797 lbs/1000 barrel LPG/year

PM25

- FIL Emission Factor = 0.438 lbs/1000 barrel LPG/year

PM

- CON Emission Factor = 1.28 lbs/1000 barrel LPG/year
Pennsylvania Commercial/Institutional LPG Consumption = 689,000 barrels

### 73

where:
Number of Allegheny County Industrial Employees = 637,800
Number of Pennsylvania Industrial Employees = 4,546,525

VOC Emissions :

Commercial/Institutional Kerosene Combustion :

where:

VOC Emissio n Factor = 0.3278571 lbs/1000 ga l Kerosene/year

NO

x 

### Emission Factor = 19.28572 lbs/1000 gal Kerosene/year

CO Emission Factor = 4.821429 lbs/1000 gal Kerosene/year

Pb Emission Factor = 0.001215 lbs/1000 gal Kerosene/year

SO 2 

### Emission Factor = 41.07857 lbs/1 000 gal Kerosene/year

PM10

- FIL Emission Factor = 1.041429 lbs/1000 gal Kerosene/year

PM25

- FIL Emission Factor = 0.8003572 lbs/1000 gal Kerosene/year

PM

- CON Emission Factor = 1.25 lbs/1000 gal Kerosene/year
Pennsylvania Commercial Kerosene Consumption = 4 20,000 barrels = 17,640,000 gallons

### 74

where:
Number of Allegheny County Industrial Employees = 637,800
Number of Pennsylvania Industrial Employees = 4,546,525

SO2 Emissions :

Point Source Energy Adjustm ent

Because the point source inventory also includes commercial/institutional fuel combustion source categories, it is
necessary to subtract point source inventory fuel use from the SEDS fuel consumption estimates. Table 5 displays the

crosswalk between commercial/institutional fuel combustion non

- point SCCs and associated point SCCs that EPA
plans to use in the subtraction procedure. The subtractions will be performed after summing the point source
throughput estimates to the state

- level

.

### 75

Table 5. Poi nt Source Subtraction SCCs Relevant to Nonpoint Source

Commercial/Institutional Fuel Combustion

SCC SCC Level 1 SCC Level 2 SCC Level 3 (Fuel

- if not specified at level 3)

2103001000 & 2103002000

-- Commercial/Institutional; Anthracite Coal; Total: All B oiler Types and Bituminous/Sub

- bituminous Coal; Total: All Boiler Types

103002xx External Combustion Boilers Commercial/Institutional Bituminous/Sub

- bituminous Coal

10500202 External Combustion Boilers Space Heaters Commercial/Institutional (Coal)

50190 002 Waste Disposal Solid Waste Disposal

- Government Auxiliary Fuel/No Emissions (Coal)

50290002 Waste Disposal Solid Waste Disposal

- Commercial/Institutional Auxiliary Fuel/No Emissions (Coal)

2103004000

-- Commercial/Institutional; Distillate Oil; Tot al: Boilers and IC Engines

103005xx External Combustion Boilers Commercial/Institutional Distillate Oil

10500205 External Combustion Boilers Space Heaters Commercial/Institutional (Distillate Oil)

50190005 Waste Disposal Solid Waste Disposal

- Governmen t Auxiliary Fuel/No Emissions (Distillate Oil)

50290005 Waste Disposal Solid Waste Disposal

- Commercial/Institutional Auxiliary Fuel/No Emissions (Distillate Oil)

2103005000

-- Commercial/Institutional; Residual Oil; Total: All Boiler Types

103004xx Ex ternal Combustion Boilers Commercial/Institutional Residual Oil

2103006000

-- Commercial/Institutional; Natural Gas; Total: Boilers and IC Engines

103006xx External Combustion Boilers Commercial/Institutional Natural Gas

10500206 External Combustion Boi lers Space Heaters Commercial/Institutional (Natural Gas)

203002xx Internal Combustion Engines Commercial/Institutional Natural Gas

50190006 Waste Disposal Solid Waste Disposal

- Government Auxiliary Fuel/No Emissions (Natural Gas)

50290006 Waste Dispos al Solid Waste Disposal

- Commercial/Institutional Auxiliary Fuel/No Emissions (Natural Gas)

2103007000

-- Commercial/Institutional; Liquid Petroleum Gas; Total: All Combustor Types

103010xx External Combustion Boilers Commercial/Institutional Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG)

10500210 External Combustion Boilers Space Heaters Commercial/Institutional (LPG)

203010xx Internal Combustion Engines Commercial/Institutional Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG)

50190010 Waste Disposal Solid Waste Disposal

- Government A uxiliary Fuel/No Emissions (LPG)

50290010 Waste Disposal Solid Waste Disposal

- Commercial/Institutional Auxiliary Fuel/No Emissions (LPG)

2103008000

-- Commercial/Institutional; Wood; Total: All Boiler Types

103009xx External Combustion Boilers Commerc ial/Institutional Wood/Bark Waste

10500209 External Combustion Boilers Space Heaters Commercial/Institutional (Wood)

2103011000

-- Commercial/Institutional; Kerosene; Total: All Combustor Types

203009xx Internal Combustion Engines Commercial/Institution al Kerosene/Naphtha (Jet Fuel)

50100603 Waste Disposal Solid Waste Disposal

- Government Fire Fighting (Kerosene)

### County Allocation of State Activity Data

Year 200 7 county

- level activity estimates will be developed by allocating the state

- level activit y resulting from the adjustments to the
SEDS data described above. The EPA compiled 2006 estimates of commercial sector (NAICS codes 42 through 81) employment

from the Bureau of Census’ County Business Patterns 2006 for use in this procedure (Census, 2009 a). A separate document describes

how withheld County Business Patterns employment data were estimated (Divita, 2008). The EPA also developed 2006 county

- level
estimates of institutional sector (NAICS code 92) employment from 2007 local government employ ment data in the 2007 Census of

Governments and adjustments reflecting each state’s 2006/2007 local government
employment ratio (Census, 2009b). 1 

### State

- level commercial/institutional fuel combustion by fuel type was allocated to each county
using the rat io of the number of commercial/institutional sector employees in each county to the total number of
commercial/institutional sector employees in the state.



### Emission Factors

The EPA has compiled criteria and hazardous air pollutant emission factors for n on

- point source commercial/institutional fuel
combustion categories (Huntley, 2009). These emission factors, which are too numerous to list here, are included in a spread sheet

within the ICI fuel combustion workbook. In most cases, these are the same emi ssion factors that were used in preparing the 2002

non

- point source NEI (Pechan, 2006). Commercial/institutional wood combustion emission factors were obtained from an ICI fuel
combustion study being performed for the Central Regional Air Planning Associa tion (CENRAP) (Pechan, 2009a).



### Potential Improvements

States may wish to incorporate the following improvements in developing non

- point source commercial/institutional fuel combustion

emission estimates: Update SO 2 

### emission factors to reflect coal sulfu r content estimates for coal used in the industrial sector in 2006

--

1 

### County

- level federal and state government employment data are not available from the Bureau of the Census.

### 77

a recent review of industrial and commercial coal sulfur content values for the Central Regional Air Planning Association con cluded
that the 2002 NEI values are based on unrepresentative d ata (Pechan, 2009b). 1



### Additional References for Fuel Combustion

- Commercial/Institutional

1. Census, 2009a: Bureau of the Census, U.S. Department of Commerce, County Business Patterns 2006 , available from:
http://www.census.gov/epcd/cbp/download/06_data/index.html , accessed March 2009. Census, 2009b: Bureau of the Census, U.S. Department of Commerce, “Local Government Employment and Payroll, March 2006,”

2007 Census of Gove rnments , available from: http://www.census.gov/govs/www/apesloc06.html , accessed March 2009.

2. Divita, 2008: Divita, Frank, E.H. Pechan & Associates, Inc., memorandum to Roy Huntley, U.S. En vironmental Protection Agency, “County Business Patterns Calculations,” December 4, 2008.

3. EIA, 2008a: Energy Information Administration, U.S. Department of Energy, State Energy Data System

– Consumption, Physical

Units, 1960

- 2006, available from: http://www.eia.doe.gov/emeu/states/_seds.html , released November 28, 2008.

4. EIA, 2008b: Energy Information Administration, U.S. Department of Energy, Fuel Oil and Kerosene Sales , data availabl e from:
http://tonto.eia.doe.gov/dnav/pet/pet_cons_821use_dcu_nus_a.htm , release date December 23, 2008.

5. EPA, 2003: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, “Draft Regulatory Impact Analysis: Control of Emissions from Nonroad Diesel Engines,” EPA420

- R

- 03

- 008, Office of Transportation and Air Quality, April 2003.

6. Huntley, 2009: Huntley, Roy, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, “SCCs & emission factors to be used in 2008 NEI to Bollman May 1 2009.mdb [electronic file],” May 1, 2009.

1 

### Actual data characterizing sulfur content of coal consumed in the commercial sector is limited, but appears to be in

- line with
industrial coal consumption values. Therefore, industrial sector sulfur content can reasonably be assumed to be representative of

commercial sector sulfur content.

### 78

7. Pechan, 2009a: E.H. Pechan & Associates, Inc., “Area Combustion Source Emissions Inventory Improvement Methodology,
Technical Memorandum,” E.H. Pechan & Associates, Inc., prepared for Cen tral Regional Air Planning Association, March 20, 2009.

8. Pechan, 2009b: E.H. Pechan & Associates, Inc., “Evaluation of ICI Combustion Coal Sulfur Content, Technical Memorandum,”
prepared for Central Regional Air Planning Association, March 28, 2009.

9

. Pechan, 2006: E.H. Pechan & Associates, Inc. “Documentation for the Final 2002 Nonpoint Sector (Feb 06 Version) National
Emission Inventory for Criteria and Hazardous Air Pollutants,” prepared for U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, July 2006.

### 79

FUEL COMBUSTION

– INDUSTRIAL (7 SCCs: 2102001000,

SCC 2102002000, SCC 2102004000, SCC 2102005000,

SCC 2102006000, SCC 2102007000, SCC 2102011000 )

Source Category Description

This sub

- sector covers emissions from fuel combustion at stationary non

- poi nt sources within the industrial sector (i.e., sources that
are not reported in the point source inventory because their emissions are too small). These documentation and fuel combustion
emissions were calculated by E. H. Pechan and Associates. Reference s are listed at the end of the Fuel Combustion

– Industrial

section. Industrial fuel combustion emissions will be computed for the following fuel types: coal, distillate oil, residual oil, natu ral
gas, liquefied petroleum gas (LPG), kerosene, and wood.

There are additional types of energy that are consumed in the industrial sector: asphalt and road oil; feedstocks, naphtha ( less than
401°F); feedstocks, other oils (greater than 401°F); lubricants; motor gasoline; miscellaneous petroleum products; pentan es plus;
special naphthas; and waxes. With the exception of motor gasoline, all of these additional fossil fuels are not actually com busted
(oxidized) but are used as chemical feedstocks, construction materials, lubricants, solvents, or reducing agents. Therefore, there are no
industrial sector combustion emissions from these fuel types. As described in more detail later, most of the fuel types that are included in the industrial combustion sector, also have a non

- fuel use component. Therefore, it is ne cessary to exclude this component
in calculating non

- point source industrial fuel combustion activity/emissions. Motor gasoline is not inventoried as a non

- point source
because it is expected that gasoline combustion in this sector is included in the non

- road inventory.

The approach to be used in calculating emissions for industrial fuel combustion is to first develop state

- level fuel consumption
estimates, then to allocate these to the county

- level, and then to multiply the resulting county

- level consump tion estimates by
appropriate emission factors.

### 80

Source Classification. Table 1 displays the non

- point SCCs associated with industrial fuel combustion.

Table 1. Non

- point Source Industrial Fuel Combustion SCCs

SCC SCC Level 1 SCC Level

2 SCC Lev el 3 SCC Level 4

21020010

00 Stationary Source Fuel

Combustion Industrial Anthracite Coal Total: All Boiler Types

21020020

00 Stationary Source Fuel

Combustion Industrial Bituminous/Sub

- bituminous

Coal Total: All Boiler Types

21020040

00 Stationary Source Fuel

Combustion Industrial Distillate Oil Total: Boilers and IC
Engines

21020050

00 Stationary Source Fuel

Combustion Industrial Residual Oil Total: All Boiler Types

21020060

00 Stationary Source Fuel

Combustion Industrial Natural Gas Total: Boilers and IC
Engines

21020070

00 Stationary Source Fuel

Combustion Industrial Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) Total: All Boiler Types

21020080

00 Stationary Source Fuel

Combustion Industrial Wood Total: All Boiler Types

21020110

00 Stationary Source Fuel

Combustion Indu strial Kerosene Total: All Boiler Types

### 81

Activity Data

Table 2 summarizes this sector’s non

- point source activity data, units, and data source. Total state

- level industrial sector energy
consumption data are available from the Energy Information Adm inistration (EIA)’s State Energy Da ta System (SEDS), and were

used for most source categories (EIA, 200 8 a). However, a s documented below, a number of adjustments were made to the SEDS
data, and a separate EIA data source was used for distillate oil. Year 2006 SEDS data were used to estimate 200 7 emissions because
these were the latest year consumption data available at the time this work was performed in 2009

Table 2. Non

- point Source Industrial Fuel Combustion Activity Data

SCC SCC Level 1 SCC

Le vel 2 SCC Level

3 SCC Level 4 Activity Activity Data

Source

21020010

00 Stationary Source

Fuel Combustion Industri

al Anthracite

Coal Total: All

Boiler Types Thousand short tons of

coal consumed EIA’s SEDS a



### 21020020

00 Stationary Source

Fuel Combustion Indu stri

al Bituminous/

Sub

bituminous

Coal Total: All

Boiler Types Thousand short tons of

coal consumed EIA’s SEDS a



### 21020040

00 Stationary Source

Fuel Combustion Industri

al Distillate Oil Total:

Boilers and IC Engines Thousand barrels of

distillate oil consume d EIA’s Fuel Oil

and Kerosene

Sales a

### 82

SCC SCC Level 1 SCC

Le vel 2 SCC Level

3 SCC Level 4 Activity Activity Data

Source

21020050

00 Stationary Source

Fuel Combustion Industri

al Residual Oil Total: All

Boiler Types Thousand barrels of

residual oil consumed EIA’s SEDS a



### 21020060

00 Stationary Source

Fuel Combustion Industri

al Natural Gas To tal:

Boilers and IC Engines Million cubic feet of

natural gas consumed EIA’s SEDS a



### 21020070

00 Stationary Source

Fuel Combustion Industri

al Liquefied

Petroleum Gas (LPG) Total: All

Boiler Types Thousand barrels of

LPG consumed EIA’s SEDS a



### 21020080

00 Stati onary Source

Fuel Combustion Industri

al Wood Total: All

Boiler Types Billion Btu of wood

consumed EIA’s SEDS a



### 21020110

00 Stationary Source

Fuel Combustion Industri

al Kerosene Total: All

Boiler Types Thousand barrels of

kerosene consumed EIA’s SEDS a

a Wit h adjustments that are described in the text of this section.



### Fuel

- Specific Activity Data Adjustments

Coal

- for industrial coal combustion, it was necessary to compile data representing a sub

- set of total sector coal consumption. Data
representing non

- coke plant consumption were compiled from EIA because coal consumed by coke plants is accounted for in the point
source inventory. The SEDS data do not provide coal consumption estimates by type of coal (i.e., anthracite ver sus bituminous/sub

bituminous) and in some cases, CAP emission factors differ between the two. Because anthracite is mined in the eastern half of the

Commonwealth, while bituminous is mined in the western half, the emission calculations assume that eastern counties burn anth racite

coal while western counties burn bituminous coal.

### 83

Industrial Coal Combustion :

where:

VOC Emission Factor = 0.3 lbs/ton anthracite coal/year; 0. 05 lbs/ton bituminous coal/year

NO

x 

### Emission Factor = 9 lbs/ton anthracite coal/year; 11 lbs/ton bituminous coal/year
CO Emission Factor = 0.6 lbs/ton anthracite coal/year; 5.0 lbs/ton bituminous coal/year
Pb Emission Factor = 0.00042 lbs/ton anthracite coal/year and bituminous coal/year

SO 2 

### Emission Factor = 34.71 lbs/ton anthracite coal/ye ar; 91.96 lbs/ton bituminous coal/year (EPA default values for

PA)

PM10

- FIL Emission Factor = 14.718 lbs/ton anthracite coal/year; 12 lbs/ton bituminous coal/year

PM25

- FIL Emission Factor = 6.4224 lbs/ton anthracite coal/year; 1.4 lbs/ton bituminous coal/y ear

PM

- CON Emission Factor = 0.0 8 lbs/ton anthracite coal/year; 0.0 4 lbs/ton bituminous coal/year
Anthracite Coal Sulfur Content = 0.89%
Bituminous Coal Sulfur Content = 2.42%

Anthracite Coal Ash Content = 13.38% ash
Pennsylvania Industrial Coal Consumptio n = 2, 597,000 tons
Number of Industrial County Employees (Allegheny County) = 41,656
Number of Pennsylvania Industrial Employees = 800,578

where:
Number of Allegheny County Industrial Employees = 41,656
Number of Pennsylvania Industrial Employees = 8 00,578

### 84

CO Emissions :

Distillate Oil and LPG

– the SEDS industrial sector distillate oil and LPG consumption data include consumption estimates for
equi pment that EPA includes in the non

- road sector inventory. In particular, SEDS considers the following non

- road source category
activities to be part of the industrial sector: farming, logging, mining, and construction. To avoid double

- counting of LPG

co nsumption, EPA ran the National Mobile Inventory Model (NMIM) for 2006 and calculated the national volume of non

- road LPG
consumption from agriculture, logging, mining, and construction source categories.

This estimate was then divided into the SEDS tota l industrial sector LPG consumption estimate to yield the proportion of total
industrial sector LPG consumption attributable to the non

- road sector in that year (approximately 9 percent).
To estimate the volume of industrial sector LPG consumption that s hould not be included in the non

- point source industrial fuel combustion category, EPA subtracted 9 percent from each state’s industrial sector LPG consumption estimate reported in SEDS.

To avoid double

- counting of distillate oil consumption between the non

- point and non

- road sector emission inventories, EPA relied on
a source other than SEDS to estimate consumption. The approach uses more detailed distillate oil consumption estimates repor ted in

EIA’s Fuel Oil and Kerosene Sales , and assumptions used in the regulatory impact analysis (RIA) for EPA’s non

- road diesel
emissions rulemaking (EIA, 2008b; EPA, 2003).

Table 4 displays the assumptions that were applied to the state

- level distillate oil consumption estimates reported in Fuel Oil and

Kerosene Sal es to estimate total stationary source industrial sector consumption.

### 85

Table 4. Assumptions Used to Estimate Industrial Sector Stationary Source Distillate Fuel Consumption

Sector Distillate Fuel Type % of Total Consumption from Stationary

Sources

I ndustrial No. 1 Distillate Fuel Oil 60

No. 2 Distillate Fuel Oil 100

No. 2 Distillate/Low and High Sulfur

Diesel 15 a



### No. 4 Distillate Fuel Oil 100

Farm Diesel 0

Other Distillate Fuel Oil 100

Off

- Highway (Construction and Other) Distillate Fuel O il 5

a This value differs from the 0% assumption adopted in EPA’s non

- road diesel emissions rulemaking because it is known that some diesel fuel is used by stationary sources (a 15 percent value was selected for use as an approximate mid

- point of a potent ial range of 8 to 24% stationary source use computed from a review of data from the EIA’s Manufacturing Energy Consumption Survey and Fuel Oil and Kerosene Sales ).



### Industrial Distillate Oil Combustion :

### 86

where:

VOC Emission Factor = 0.20 lbs/ thous gal. distillate oil/year

NO

x 

### Emission Factor = 20 lbs/ thous gal. distillate oil/year

CO Emission Factor = 5.0 lbs/ thous gal. distillate oil/year

Pb Emission Factor = 0.00126 lbs/ thous gal. distillate oil/year

SO 2 

### Emission Factor = 42.6 lbs/ thous gal. distillate oil/year
Sulfur Content = 0.3%

PM10

- FIL Emission Factor = 1 lbs/ thous gal. distillate oil

/year

PM25

- FIL Emission Factor = 0.25 lbs /thous gal. distillate oil

/year

PM

- CON Emission Factor = 1.3 lbs/ thous gal. distillate oil

/ye ar Pennsylvania Industrial Distillate Oil Consumption = 2, 521,000 barrels = 105,882 thouand gallons
Number of Allegheny County Industrial Employees =41,656
Number of Pennsylvania Industrial Employees = 800,578

SO2 Emissions :

### 87

Industrial Residual Oil Combustion :

where:

VOC Emission Factor = 0.2 8 lbs/thous gal. residual oil/year

NO

x 

### Emission Factor = 47 lbs/thous gal. re sidual oil/year
CO Emission Factor = 5.0 lbs/thous gal. residual oil/year

Pb Emission Factor = 0.001 65 lbs/thous gal. residual oil/year

SO 2 

### Emission Factor = 353.25 lbs/thous gal. residual oil/year
Sulfur Content = 2.25%

PM10

- FIL Emission Factor = 20.721 3 lbs/ thous gal. residual oil/year

PM25

- FIL Emission Factor = 13.4963 lbs/thous gal. residual oil/year

PM

- CON Emission Factor = 1. 5 lbs/ thous gal. residual oil/year
Pennsylvania Industrial Residual Oil Consumption = 1,702 ,000 barrels = 71,484 thou s and gall ons Number of Allegheny County Industrial Employees =41,656

N umber of Pennsylvania Industrial Employees = 800,578

PM10

- FIL Emissions :

### 88

Industrial Natural Gas Combustion :

where:

VOC Emission Factor = 5.5 lbs/ MMCF natural gas

/year

NO

x 

### Emission Factor = 100 lbs/MMCF natural gas/year

CO Emission Factor = 84 lbs/MMCF natural gas/year

Pb Emission Factor = .0005 lbs/MMCF natural gas/year

SO 2 

### Emission Factor = 0.6 lbs/MMCF natur al gas/year

PM10

- FIL Emission Factor = 0.13 lbs/MMCF natural gas/year

PM25

- FIL Emission Factor = 0.11 lbs/MMCF natural gas/year

PM

- CON Emission Factor = 0.32 lbs/MMCF natural gas/year
Pennsylvania Industrial NG Consumption = 193,856 MMCF

where:

Number o

f Allegheny County Industrial Employees =41,656
Number of Pennsylvania Industrial Employees = 800,578

NOx Emissions :

### 89

Industrial LPG Gas Combustion :

wh ere:

### 90

VOC Emission Factor = 21.91 lbs/ thous bbl LPG/year

NO

x 

### Emission Factor = 398.38 lbs/ thous bbl LPG/year

CO Emission Factor = 501.96 lbs/ thous bbl LPG/year

Pb Emission Factor = 0.001827 lbs/ thous bbl LPG/year

SO 2 

### Emission Factor = 2.39 lbs/ thous b b l LPG/year

PM10

- FIL Emission Factor = 0.797 lbs/ thous bb l LPG/year

PM25

- FIL Emission Factor = 0.438 lbs/ thous bb l LPG/year

PM

- CON Emission Factor = 1.28 lbs/ thous bb l LPG/year
Pennsylvania Industrial LPG Consumption = 3,923,000 bbl

Number of Allegheny County Industrial Employees =41,656
Number of Pennsylvania Industrial Employees = 800,578

CO Emissions :

Industrial Kerosene Combustion :

where:

### 91

VOC Emission Factor = 0.19 28471 lbs/ thous gal Kerosene/year

NO

x 

### Emission Factor = 20.0 lbs/ thous gal Kerosene/year

CO Emission Factor = 5.0 lbs/ thous gal Kerosene/year

Pb Emission Factor = 0.00 1215 lbs/ thous gal Kerosene/year

SO 2 

### Emission Factor = 42.6 lbs/ thous gal Kerosene/y ear

PM10

- FIL Emission Factor = 1.0 lbs/ thous gal Kerosene/year

PM25

- FIL Emission Factor = 0.25 lbs/ thous gal Kerosene/year

PM

- CON Emission Factor = 1.3 lbs/ thous gal Kerosene/year
Number of Allegheny County Industrial Employees =41,656
Number of P ennsylvania Industrial Employees = 800,578

SO 2 Emissions :

N on

- Fuel Use Energy Adjustment

Some industrial sector energy is consumed for non

- fuel purposes. For example, natural gas is used as a feedstock i n chemical
manufacturing plants and to make nitrogenous fertilizer, and LPG is used to create intermediate products that are made into p lastics.
To estimate the volume of fuel that is associated with industrial combustion, it is necessary to subtract the volume of fuel consumption

for non

- energy uses from the volume of total fuel consumption. The EPA’s State Greenhouse Gas Inventory Tool (SIT) provides
national defaults representing the percentage of total industrial fuel consumption from non

- energy uses. These default values have an
additional limitation beyond their lack of geographic detail

- they represent the EIA’s definition of the industrial sector, which
includes fuel consumption from industrial, farm, mining, and construction sectors that is acco unted for in the non

- road inventory.

### 92

Furthermore, a review of the SIT default data indicates that all residual oil is consumed as a fuel source. However, the EIA ’s 2002

Manufacturing Energy Consumption Survey (MECS) indicates significant non

- fuel use o f residual oil in the manufacturing sector

(EIA, 2007a). In discussions about this issue, EIA noted that the non

- fuel use data in the SIT appeared to be incorrect, and that the
MECS data were representative of 2002 non

- fuel use (Lorenz, 2009). Given this concern, a review was conducted of the non

- fuel use assumptions incorporated into the EIA’s GHG emissions inventory for 2005 (EIA, 2007b). For each type of industrial sector en ergy consumed in 2006, Table 5 summarizes EIA’s non

- fuel use assumptions.

Ta ble 5. Non

- Fuel Use Information from EIA’s 2005 GHG Inventory

Fuel Non

- Fuel Use Assumption
Asphalt and Road Oil 100% Coal (non

- coke) Yes (<100%)

Distillate Oil Yes (<100%)
Feedstocks, Naphtha <401°F 100%
Feedstocks, Other oils >401°F 100%

Kerosene None

LPG Yes (<100%)

Lubricants 100%

Misc. Petroleum Products 100%

Motor Gasoline None

Natural Gas Yes (<100%)

Pentanes Plus 100%

Residual Oil Yes (<100%) Special Naphthas 100%

Waxes 100%

In calculating the emission activity for industrial fuel combustion, EPA excluded all SEDS fuel types for which EIA assumes 100
percent of consumption is non

- fuel use.

### 93

For fuel types for which non

- fuel use occurs, but is less than 100 percent, Pechan reviewed two information sources to identify the

non

- fuel us e percentage to apply in the NEI. The first source was that listed by EIA in its 2005 national GHG inventory; the second was the EIA’s 2002 MECS. The MECS data has the advantage of providing region

- specific estimates as well as values that exclude

fuel c onsumption that is already accounted for in the non

- road inventory. For distillate and residual fuel and natural gas, the EIA GHG
inventory source was MECS. For LPG, it was not possible to use the EIA GHG inventory source for non

- fuel consumption as it is a proprietary source published by the American Petroleum Institute. For non

- coke coal, EIA extrapolated data from 1994.

The MECS non

- fuel consumption data treat coal that is used to produce coke as a feedstock, and therefore, MECS can not be used to

r epresent non

- coke coal consumption. T he 2002 MECS data treat “synthetic coal” that is ultimately combusted as regular coal, as a

non

- fuel (feedstock) use

. Because of the limitations of the MECS data, EPA obtained from EIA a rough estimate of the percenta ge of

non

- coking coal that is used for non

- fuel purposes (while also treating “synthetic coal” as a fuel use).

Based on the EIA’s estimate that 5

- 10 percent of non

- coke coal is used for non

- fuel purposes, EPA assumed that 7 percent of non

coke plant ind ustrial sector coal consumption is for non

- fuel purposes (Lorenz, 2009). Table 6 presents the non

- fuel use percentages
that were applied to estimate industrial fuel combustion activity.

Table 6. Industrial Sector Non

- Fuel Use Estimates

Fuel % Non

- Fuel Use by Region

Source

Northeast South Midwest West

Distillate Oil 5 a 

### 9 b 

### 9 b 

### 5 a 

### 2002 MECS

LPG 41 a 

### 98 88 41 a 

### 2002 MECS

Natural Gas 1 15 6 41 2002 MECS

Non

- Coke

Coal 7 c 

### 7 c 

### 7 c 

### 7 c 

### Lorenz,

2009

Residual Oil 0 25 b 

### 25 b 

### 8 2002 MECS

a Due to withheld data, va lue represents combination of Northeast and West region data.

b Due to withheld data, value represents combination of Midwest and South region data.

c Region

- specific values not available.

### 94

Source Energy Adjustment

Because the point source inventory also includes industrial fuel combustion categories, it is necessary to subtract point source
inventory fuel use from the SEDS fuel consumption estimates.
Table 7 displays a crosswalk between industrial fuel combustion non

- point SCCs and associated point SCCs that EPA plans to use in
the subtraction procedure. 1 

### The subtractions will be performed after summing the point source throughput estimates to the state

- level.

County Allocation of State Activity Data

Year 2005 county

- level activity estimates will be d eveloped by allocating the state

- level activity resulting from the adjustments to the EIA data described above. The EPA compiled 2006 estimates of manufacturing sector employment from the Bureau of Census’

County Business Patterns 2006 for use in this pro cedure (Census, 2009). State

- level industrial fuel combustion by fuel type will be
allocated to each county using the ratio of the number of manufacturing sector (NAICS codes 31

- 33) employees in each county to the
total number of manufacturing sector empl oyees in the state.
A separate document describes how withheld County Business Patterns employment data were estimated (Divita, 2008).

T able 7. Point Source Subtraction SCCs Relevant to Non

- point Source Industrial Fuel Combustion

SCC SCC Level 1 SC C Level 2 SCC Level 3 (Fuel

- if not specified at level 3)

2102002000

– Industrial; Bituminous/Sub

- bituminous Coal; Total: All Boiler Types

102002xx External Combustion Boilers Industrial Bituminous/Sub

- bituminous Coal

10500102 External Combustion Boiler s Space Heaters Industrial (Coal)

390002xx Industrial Processes In

- Process Fuel Use Bituminous Coal

50390002 Waste Disposal Solid Waste Disposal

– Industrial Auxiliary Fuel/No Emissions (Coal)

2102004000

– Industrial; Distillate Oil; Total: All Boilers and IC Engines

102005xx External Combustion Boilers Industrial Distillate Oil

10201403 External Combustion Boilers Industrial CO Boiler (Distillate Oil)

1 

### As noted in a footnote to Table 7, it is important to exclude any natural gas pipeline fuel use from the point source subtrac tion
procedure because SEDS includes such use in the Transporta tion sector rather than the Industrial sector.

### 95

SCC SCC Level 1 SC C Level 2 SCC Level 3 (Fuel

- if not specified at level 3)

10500105 External Combustion Boilers Space Heaters Industrial (Distillate Oil)

202001xx Internal C ombustion Engines Industrial Distillate Oil (Diesel)

20200401 Internal Combustion Engines Industrial Large Bore Engine (Diesel)

20200405 Internal Combustion Engines Industrial Crankcase Blow

- by (Diesel)

20200406 Internal Combustion Engines Industrial Ev aporative Losses (Fuel Storage and Delivery System) (Diesel)

20200407 Internal Combustion Engines Industrial Exhaust (Diesel)

27000320 Internal Combustion Engines Off

- Highway Diesel Engines Industrial Equipment

30190001 Industrial Processes Chemical Man ufacturing Fuel Fired Equipment (Distillate Oil)

30190011 Industrial Processes Chemical Manufacturing Fuel Fired Equipment (Distillate Oil)

30190021 Industrial Processes Chemical Manufacturing Fuel Fired Equipment (Distillate Oil)

30290001 Industrial Pr ocesses Food and Agriculture Fuel Fired Equipment (Distillate Oil)

30390001 Industrial Processes Primary Metal Production Fuel Fired Equipment (Distillate Oil)

30390011 Industrial Processes Primary Metal Production Fuel Fired Equipment (Distillate Oil)

30390021 Industrial Processes Primary Metal Production Fuel Fired Equipment (Distillate Oil)

30400406 Industrial Processes Secondary Metal Production Lead (Distillate Oil)

30490001 Industrial Processes Secondary Metal Production Fuel Fired Equipment (Dis tillate Oil)

30490011 Industrial Processes Secondary Metal Production Fuel Fired Equipment (Distillate Oil)

30490021 Industrial Processes Secondary Metal Production Fuel Fired Equipment (Distillate Oil)

30490031 Industrial Processes Secondary Metal Prod uction Fuel Fired Equipment (Distillate Oil)

30500208 Industrial Processes Mineral Products Asphalt Concrete (Distillate Oil)

30505022 Industrial Processes Mineral Products Asphalt Processing (Blowing) (Distillate Oil)

30590001 Industrial Processes Mine ral Products Fuel Fired Equipment (Distillate Oil)

30590011 Industrial Processes Mineral Products Fuel Fired Equipment (Distillate Oil)

30590021 Industrial Processes Mineral Products Fuel Fired Equipment (Distillate Oil)

30600901 Industrial Processes Pe troleum Industry Flares (Distillate Oil)

30609901 Industrial Processes Petroleum Industry Incinerators (Distillate Oil)

30790001 Industrial Processes Pulp and Paper and Wood Products Fuel Fired Equipment (Distillate Oil)

30790011 Industrial Processes Pu lp and Paper and Wood Products Fuel Fired Equipment (Distillate Oil)

30790021 Industrial Processes Pulp and Paper and Wood Products Fuel Fired Equipment (Distillate Oil)

30890001 Industrial Processes Rubber and Miscellaneous Plastics

Products Fuel Fired Equipment (Distillate Oil)

30890011 Industrial Processes Rubber and Miscellaneous Plastics

Products Fuel Fired Equipment (Distillate Oil)

30890021 Industrial Processes Rubber and Miscellaneous Plastics

Products Fuel Fired Equipment (Distillate Oil)

3099 0001 Industrial Processes Fabricated Metal Products Fuel Fired Equipment (Distillate Oil)

30990011 Industrial Processes Fabricated Metal Products Fuel Fired Equipment (Distillate Oil)

31000401 Industrial Processes Oil and Gas Production Process Heaters ( Distillate Oil)

### 96

SCC SCC Level 1 SC C Level 2 SCC Level 3 (Fuel

- if not specified at level 3)

31000411 Industrial Processes Oil and Gas Production Process Heaters (Distillate Oil)

31390001 Industrial Processes Electrical Equipment Process Heaters (Distillate Oil)

390005xx Industrial Processes In

- Process Fuel Use Distillate Oil

3 9900501 Industrial Processes Miscellaneous Manufacturing Industries Process Heater/Furnace (Distillate Oil)

39990001 Industrial Processes Miscellaneous Manufacturing Industries Miscellaneous Manufacturing Industries (Distillate Oil)

39990011 Industrial P rocesses Miscellaneous Manufacturing Industries Miscellaneous Manufacturing Industries (Distillate Oil)

39990021 Industrial Processes Miscellaneous Manufacturing Industries Miscellaneous Manufacturing Industries (Distillate Oil)

40201002 Petroleum and So lvent Evaporation Surface Coating Operations Coating Oven Heater (Distillate Oil)

40290011 Petroleum and Solvent Evaporation Surface Coating Operations Fuel Fired Equipment (Distillate Oil)

49090011 Petroleum and Solvent Evaporation Organic Solvent Evapo ration Fuel Fired Equipment (Distillate Oil)

49090021 Petroleum and Solvent Evaporation Organic Solvent Evaporation Fuel Fired Equipment (Distillate Oil)

50390005 Waste Disposal Solid Waste Disposal

– Industrial Auxiliary Fuel/No Emissions (Distillate Oi l)

2102005000

– Industrial; Residual Oil; Total: All Boiler Types

102004xx External Combustion Boilers Industrial Residual Oil

10201404 External Combustion Boilers Industrial CO Boiler (Residual Oil)

202005xx Internal Combustion Boilers Industrial Res idual/Crude Oil

30190002 Industrial Processes Chemical Manufacturing Fuel Fired Equipment (Residual Oil)

30190012 Industrial Processes Chemical Manufacturing Fuel Fired Equipment (Residual Oil)

30190022 Industrial Processes Chemical Manufacturing Fuel F ired Equipment (Residual Oil)

30290002 Industrial Processes Food and Agriculture Fuel Fired Equipment (Residual Oil)

30390002 Industrial Processes Primary Metal Production Fuel Fired Equipment (Residual Oil)

30390012 Industrial Processes Primary Metal P roduction Fuel Fired Equipment (Residual Oil)

30390022 Industrial Processes Primary Metal Production Fuel Fired Equipment (Residual Oil)

30490002 Industrial Processes Secondary Metal Production Fuel Fired Equipment (Residual Oil)

30490012 Industrial Pro cesses Secondary Metal Production Fuel Fired Equipment (Residual Oil)

30490022 Industrial Processes Secondary Metal Production Fuel Fired Equipment (Residual Oil)

30490032 Industrial Processes Secondary Metal Production Fuel Fired Equipment (Residual Oil )

30500207 Industrial Processes Mineral Products Asphalt Concrete (Residual Oil)

30505021 Industrial Processes Mineral Products Asphalt Processing (Blowing) (Residual Oil)

30590002 Industrial Processes Mineral Products Fuel Fired Equipment (Residual Oil )

30590012 Industrial Processes Mineral Products Fuel Fired Equipment (Residual Oil)

30600111 Industrial Processes Petroleum Industry Process Heaters (Residual Oil)

30600902 Industrial Processes Petroleum Industry Flares (Residual Oil)

30609902 Industr ial Processes Petroleum Industry Incinerators (Residual Oil)

30790002 Industrial Processes Pulp and Paper and Wood Products Fuel Fired Equipment (Residual Oil)

30790012 Industrial Processes Pulp and Paper and Wood Products Fuel Fired Equipment (Residual Oil)

30790022 Industrial Processes Pulp and Paper and Wood Products Fuel Fired Equipment (Residual Oil)

30890002 Industrial Processes Rubber and Miscellaneous Plastics Fuel Fired Equipment (Residual Oil)

### 97

SCC SCC Level 1 SC C Level 2 SCC Level 3 (Fuel

- if not specified at level 3)

Products

30890012 Industrial Processes Rubber and Miscellaneous Plastics

Products Fuel Fired Equipment (Residual Oil)

30890022 Industrial Processes Rubber and Miscellaneous Plastics

Products Fuel Fired Equipment (Residual Oil)

30990002 Industrial Processes Fabricated Metal Products Fuel Fired Equipment (Residual Oil)

30990012 Industrial Processes Fabricated Metal Products Fuel Fired Equipment (Residual Oil)

31000402 Industrial Processes Oil and Gas Production Process Heaters (Residual Oil)

31000412 Industrial Processes Oil and Gas Production Process Heaters (Residual Oil)

31390002 Industrial Processes Electrical Equipment Process Heaters (Residual Oil)

390004xx Industrial Processes In

- Process Fuel Use Residual Oil

39990002 Industrial Processes Miscellaneous Manufacturing Industries Miscellaneous Ma nufacturing Industries (Residual Oil)

39990012 Industrial Processes Miscellaneous Manufacturing Industries Miscellaneous Manufacturing Industries (Residual Oil)

39990022 Industrial Processes Miscellaneous Manufacturing Industries Miscellaneous Manufactur ing Industries (Residual Oil)

40201003 Petroleum and Solvent Evaporation Surface Coating Operations Coating Oven Heater (Residual Oil)

40290012 Petroleum and Solvent Evaporation Surface Coating Operations Fuel Fired Equipment (Residual Oil)

49090012 Pet roleum and Solvent Evaporation Organic Solvent Evaporation Fuel Fired Equipment (Residual Oil)

49090022 Petroleum and Solvent Evaporation Organic Solvent Evaporation Fuel Fired Equipment (Residual Oil)

2102006000

– Industrial; Natural Gas; Total: Boilers and IC Engines

102006xx External Combustion Boilers Industrial Natural Gas

10201401 External Combustion Boilers Industrial CO Boiler (Natural Gas)

10500106 External Combustion Boilers Space Heaters Commercial/Institutional (Natural Gas)

202002xx a Inte rnal Combustion Engines Industrial Natural Gas

30190003 Industrial Processes Chemical Manufacturing Fuel Fired Equipment (Natural Gas)

30190013 Industrial Processes Chemical Manufacturing Fuel Fired Equipment (Natural Gas)

30190023 Industrial Processes Chemical Manufacturing Fuel Fired Equipment (Natural Gas)

30290003 Industrial Processes Food and Agriculture Fuel Fired Equipment (Natural Gas)

30291001 Industrial Processes Food and Agriculture Fuel Fired Equipment (Natural Gas)

30390003 Industrial Pro cesses Primary Metal Production Fuel Fired Equipment (Natural Gas)

30390013 Industrial Processes Primary Metal Production Fuel Fired Equipment (Natural Gas)

30390023 Industrial Processes Primary Metal Production Fuel Fired Equipment (Natural Gas)

304004 07 Industrial Processes Secondary Metal Production Lead (Natural Gas)

30490003 Industrial Processes Secondary Metal Production Fuel Fired Equipment (Natural Gas)

30490013 Industrial Processes Secondary Metal Production Fuel Fired Equipment (Natural Gas)

30490023 Industrial Processes Secondary Metal Production Fuel Fired Equipment (Natural Gas)

30490033 Industrial Processes Secondary Metal Production Fuel Fired Equipment (Natural Gas)

30500206 Industrial Processes Mineral Products Asphalt Concrete (Natu ral Gas)

30505020 Industrial Processes Mineral Products Asphalt Processing (Blowing) (Natural Gas)

### 98

SCC SCC Level 1 SC C Level 2 SCC Level 3 (Fuel

- if not specified at level 3)

30590003 Industrial Processes Mineral Products Fuel Fired Equipment (Natural Gas)

30590013 Industrial Processes Mineral Products Fuel Fired Equipment (Nat ural Gas)

30590023 Industrial Processes Mineral Products Fuel Fired Equipment (Natural Gas)

30600105 Industrial Processes Petroleum Industry Process Heaters (Natural Gas)

30600903 Industrial Processes Petroleum Industry Flares (Natural Gas)

30602401 In dustrial Processes Petroleum Industry Reciprocating Engine Compressors (Natural Gas)

30609903 Industrial Processes Petroleum Industry Incinerators (Natural Gas)

30622003 Industrial Processes Petroleum Industry Underground Storage and Other Remediation: S oil: Natural Gas

30622403 Industrial Processes Petroleum Industry Underground Storage and Other Remediation: Air Stripping: Natural Gas

30790003 Industrial Processes Pulp and Paper and Wood Products Fuel Fired Equipment (Natural Gas)

30790013 Industrial Processes Pulp and Paper and Wood Products Fuel Fired Equipment (Natural Gas)

30790023 Industrial Processes Pulp and Paper and Wood Products Fuel Fired Equipment (Natural Gas)

30890003 Industrial Processes Rubber and Miscellaneous Plastics

Products Fuel Fired Equipment (Natural Gas)

30890013 Industrial Processes Rubber and Miscellaneous Plastics

Products Fuel Fired Equipment (Natural Gas)

30890023 Industrial Processes Rubber and Miscellaneous Plastics

Products Fuel Fired Equipment (Natural Gas)

309900 03 Industrial Processes Fabricated Metal Products Fuel Fired Equipment (Natural Gas)

30990013 Industrial Processes Fabricated Metal Products Fuel Fired Equipment (Natural Gas)

30990023 Industrial Processes Fabricated Metal Products Fuel Fired Equipment ( Natural Gas)

31000404 Industrial Processes Oil and Gas Production Process Heaters (Natural Gas)

31000414 Industrial Processes Oil and Gas Production Process Heaters (Natural Gas)

31390003 Industrial Processes Electrical Equipment Process Heaters (Natura l Gas)

390006xx Industrial Processes In

- process Fuel Use Natural Gas

39900601 Industrial Processes Miscellaneous Manufacturing Industries Process Heater/Furnace (Natural Gas)

39990003 Industrial Processes Miscellaneous Manufacturing Industries Miscellan eous Manufacturing Industries (Natural Gas)

39990013 Industrial Processes Miscellaneous Manufacturing Industries Miscellaneous Manufacturing Industries (Natural Gas)

39990023 Industrial Processes Miscellaneous Manufacturing Industries Miscellaneous Manuf acturing Industries (Natural Gas)

40201001 Petroleum and Solvent Evaporation Surface Coating Operations Coating Oven Heater (Natural Gas)

40290013 Petroleum and Solvent Evaporation Surface Coating Operations Fuel Fired Equipment (Natural Gas)

40290023 P etroleum and Solvent Evaporation Surface Coating Operations Fuel Fired Equipment (Natural Gas)

49090013 Petroleum and Solvent Evaporation Organic Solvent Evaporation Fuel Fired Equipment (Natural Gas)

49090023 Petroleum and Solvent Evaporation Organic So lvent Evaporation Fuel Fired Equipment (Natural Gas)

50390006 Waste Disposal Solid Waste Disposal

– Industrial Auxiliary Fuel/No Emissions (Natural Gas)

2102007000

– Industrial; LPG; Total: All Boiler Types

102010xx External Combustion Boilers Industri al Liquefied Petroleum Gas

10500110 External Combustion Boilers Space Heaters Industrial (LPG)

### 99

SCC SCC Level 1 SC C Level 2 SCC Level 3 (Fuel

- if not specified at level 3)

202010xx Internal Combustion Engines Industrial Liquefied Petroleum Gas

27300320 Internal Combustion Engines Off

- highway LPG

- fueled Engines Industrial Equipme nt

30290005 Industrial Processes Food and Agriculture Fuel Fired Equipment (LPG)

30490035 Industrial Processes Secondary Metal Production Fuel Fired Equipment (Propane)

30500209 Industrial Processes Mineral Products Asphalt Concrete (LPG)

30505023 Indu strial Processes Mineral Products Asphalt Processing (Blowing) (LPG)

30590005 Industrial Processes Mineral Products Fuel Fired Equipment (LPG)

30600107 Industrial Processes Petroleum Industry Process Heaters (LPG)

30600905 Industrial Processes Petroleum Industry Flares (LPG)

30609905 Industrial Processes Petroleum Industry Incinerators (LPG)

30890004 Industrial Processes Rubber and Miscellaneous Plastics

Products Fuel Fired Equipment (LPG)

31000406 Industrial Processes Oil and Gas Production Process H eaters (Propane/Butane)

390010xx Industrial Processes In

- process Fuel Use Liquefied Petroleum Gas

39901001 Industrial Processes Miscellaneous Manufacturing Industries Process Heater/Furnace (LPG)

40201004 Petroleum and Solvent Evaporation Surface Coatin g Operations Coating Oven Heater (LPG)

50390010 Waste Disposal Solid Waste Disposal

- Industrial Auxiliary Fuel/No Emissions (LPG)

2102008000

– Industrial; Wood; Total: All Boiler Types

102009xx External Combustion Boilers Industrial Wood/Bark Waste

3 90009xx Industrial Processes In

- process Fuel Use Wood

2102011000

– Industrial; Kerosene; Total: All Boiler Types

202009xx Internal Combustion Engines Industrial Kerosene/Naphtha (Jet Fuel)

a Note that EIA’s SEDS includes natural gas used as pipeline f uel (e.g., for use in compressor engines) in the Transportation sector rather than the Industrial sector Therefore, such
pipeline use should not be included in the point source subtraction procedure.



### d. Emission Factors

The EPA has compiled criteria a nd hazardous air pollutant emission factors for non

- point source industrial fuel combustion categories
(Huntley, 2009). These emission factors, which are too numerous to list here, are included in a spreadsheet within the ICI f uel

combustion workbook. In most cases, these are the same emission factors that were used in preparing the 2002 non

- point source NEI
(Pechan, 2006). Industrial LPG and wood combustion emission factors were obtained from an ICI fuel combustion study being
performed for the Central Regional Air Planning Association (CENRAP) (Pechan, 2009a).

### 100



### Potential Improvements

The following are potential improvements that states may wish to incorporate in developing non

- point source industrial fuel

combustion emission estimates:

 

### Investigate t he availability of more geographic and year

- specific estimates of non

- fuel use consumption of industrial energy
(e.g., MECS is planning to release 2006 year data in the coming months);

 

### Consider implementing a county allocation procedure that Pechan develo ped for the Central Regional Air Planning
Association (CENRAP) that reflects the energy

- intensity of each industrial sector

-- current methods only reflect number of
employees in each industry sector (Pechan, 2009a); and

 

### Update SO 2 

### emission factors to refle ct coal sulfur content estimates for coal used in the industrial sector in 2006

-- a recent review of industrial coal sulfur content values for CENRAP concluded that the 2002 NEI values are based on unrepresentative

data (Pechan, 2009b).



### A dditional Refer ences for Fuel Combustion

- Industrial

Census, 2009: Bureau of the Census, U.S. Department of Commerce, County Business Patterns 2006 , Washington, DC, available

from: http://www.census.gov/epcd/cbp/download/06_data/index.html accessed March 2009

.

### 101

Divita, 2008: Divita, Frank, E.H. Pechan & Associates, Inc., memorandum to Roy Huntley, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency

, “County Business Patterns Calculations ,” December 4, 2008.

EIA, 2008a: Energy Information Administration, U.S. Department of Energy, State Energy Data System

– Consumption, Physical

Units, 1960

- 2006, available from http://www.eia. doe.gov/emeu/states/_seds.html , released November 28, 2008.

EIA, 2008b: Energy Information Administration, U.S. Department of Energy, Fuel Oil and Kerosene Sales , data available from
http://tonto.eia.doe.gov/dnav/pet/pet_cons_821use_dcu_nus_a.htm , release date December 23, 2008.

EIA, 2007a: Energy Information Administration, U.S. Department of Energy, 2002 Manufacturing Energy Consumption Survey , U.S.
Department of Energy , Energy Information Administration, accessed from
http://www.eia.doe.gov/emeu/mecs/mecs2002/data02/shelltables.html , issued January 2007.

EIA, 2007b: Energy Information Administration, US Department of Energy, Documentation for Emissions of Greenhouse Gases in

the United States 2005 , DOE/EIA

- 0638 (2005), October 2007.

### 102

GASOLINE MARKETING (5 SCCs)

(Stage I SCC 2501060053, Stage II Uncontrolled SCC 2501060101, St age II Controlled SCC 2501060102, Underground Storage
Tank Breathing and Emptying SCC 2501060201, Truck Transit SCC 2505030120)

Gasoline marketing involves the operations typically associated with transporting gasoline from refineries to final consumpti on in
gasoline

- powered vehicles. Evaporative emissions of VOCs occur at all points in the distribution process. The operations that were
inventoried as area sources are gasoline dispensing outlets and gasoline tank trucks in transit. Bulk terminals and outle ts are inventoried as point sources. VOC emissions result from the following sources: 1) Stage I (tank truck unloading into undergro und
storage tanks), 2) Stage II (vehicle fueling), 3) Underground Storage Tank Breathing and Emptying, and 4) Truck Transit.

Each category’s emission factors were obtained from AP

- 42 Fire factors 1 

### . T hroughput s were calculated from monthly data obtained
from the Pennsylvania Department of Revenue Bureau of Motor Fuel Taxes 2



### . County and state populations 3 

### were used to apportio n the gasoline throughput to each county. Control efficiency (CE) 4



### , 5 

### rule penetration (RP) 4



### , 5 

### and rule effectiveness (RE) factors were

1 

### U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards, Compilation of Air Pollutant Emission
Factors, Volume I: Stationary Point and Area Sources , AP

- 42, Fifth Edition, Chapter 5 : Petroleum Industry, Table 5.2

- 7., January

1995, Accessed October 2009.
http://www.epa.gov/ttn/chief/ap42/ch05/index.html

2 

### Pennsylvania Department of Revenue, “Monthly Revenue Report”, a ccessed October 2009.
http://www.revenue.state.pa.us/revenue/cwp/view.asp?a=13&q=201148

3 

### U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census, “ Population Estimates Program ,” T1. Population Estimates [10] data Set:
2007 Population Estimates, available from http://www.census.gov/popest/counties/CO

- EST2007

- 01.html , accessed March 2009.

4 

### 25 Pa. Code Secti on 129.60, “ Bulk Gasoline Plants,” available from
http://www.pacode.com/secure/data/025/chapter129/s129.60.html

5 

### 25 Pa. Code Section 129.61, “Small Gasoline Storage Tank Contr ol (Stage I Control),” available from
http://www.pacode.com/secure/data/025/chapter129/s129.61.html

### 103

applied to Stage I for each county to reflect the appli cation of vapor balance systems. A RE factor was applied to Stage II to each
regulated county. CE, RP, and RE factors were applied to Underground Storage Tank Breathing to reflect the application of pressure
relief valves. There were no point sources for t his source category. Each county’s emissions were estimated per the following sample

calculations.

SAMPLE VOC EMISSION CALCULATIONS:

Stage I :

where:

Emission Factor = 7.3 lbs VOC/1000 gallon s
State Annual Gasoline Sales = 2,36 0,855,769 gallons/yea r County Population = 1,219,210 (Allegheny County)

State Population = 12,432,792
Control Efficiency (CE) = 96%

Rule Penetration (RP) = 96%
Rule Effectiveness (RE) = 80%

### 104

Stage II :

V ehicle re fueling VOC emissions were estimated using AP

- 42 factors

, monthly gasoline sales estimates and county populations.

These are the same gasoline sales figures that are used to estimate Stage I emissions.

Stage II control program information was included for the coun ties with controls based on program information regarding control
efficiency from Pennsylvania. The Pennsylvania counties with Stage II controls are Allegheny, Armstrong, Beaver, Bucks, Butle r, Chester, Delaware, Fayette, Montgomery, Philadelphia, Washingt on, and Westmoreland

.

Population data were used to allocate monthly Pennsylvania gasoline sales to each county.

Stage I I C ontrolled :

where:

Emission Factor = 1 .1 lb / 1000 gallon s

State Gasoline Consumption = 2,360,855,769 gallon s

2007 Allegheny County Pop = 1,219,210
2007 State Population = 12,432,792

### 105

Underground Storage Tank Breathing and Emptying :

where:
Emission Factor = 1.0 lbs VOC/1000 gallons

2007 State Gasoline Sales = 2,360,855,769 gallons/year

County Population = 1,219,210 (Allegheny County)

State Population = 12,432,792
Control Efficiency (CE) = 90%

Rule Penetration (RP) = 96%
Rule Effectiveness (RE) = 80%

### 106

Truck Transit :

where:
Emission Factor = 0.06 lbs VOC/1000 gallons

State Annual Gasoline Sales = 2,360,855,769 gallons/year

County Pop = 1,219,210 (Allegheny County)

State Pop = 12,432,792

(The emission factor is based on the assumption that gasoline delivery is via single trips and accounts for both full and empty truck

travel.)

### 107

G RAPHIC ARTS (SCC 2425000000)

The graphic arts industry can be divided by technology into six different printing segments: roto gravure, flexographic, offset
lithographic, letterpress, screen, and plateless (xerographic,electrostatic, magnetic, thermal, ink

- jet, etc.). Graphic arts include
operations that are involved in the printing of publications, such as newspapers, magazines, books, and advertising, and also printed
packaging on various substrates such as paper, plastic, foil bags, wrappers, cardboard cartons, and metal cans. Paper can be coated or
uncoated. Films include polyethylene and a number of other polymers. Other produ cts include wall and floor coverings, greeting
cards, and paper towels. Textiles are specifically excluded from the graphic arts operations source category.

Emissions of VOCs result from evaporation of solvents used in inks and cleaning. The emissions for each county were calculated
using a per capita emission factor 1 

### and U.S. Census Bureau population data 2 

### . Point source emissions, where present, were subtracted

from these emission estimates.

SAMPLE VOC EMISSION CALCULATIONS:

Annual VOC Emissions = (Emission Factor)(Population)

where:

Emission Factor = 4.4 lbs VOC/person/year 3



### Population = 1,219,210 (Allegheny County) 2

1 

### ERTAC Area Inventory Comparability Project, revised August 14, 2009, acces sed October 2009.

2 

### U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census, “ Population Estimates Program ,” T1. Population Estimates [10] data Set:
2007 Population Estimates, available from http://www.census.gov/popest/counties/CO

- EST2007

- 01.html , accessed March 2009.

### 108

HOUSEHOLD PRODUCTS (SCC 2460200000)

Household products consist primarily of cleaning products for hard surfaces, clothing, carpet, dishes waxes and polishes. Other
products include air fresheners and charcoal lighter fluids. These products have air emissions such as special napthas, alcoh ols,
carbonyls and other organics that contain VOCs. The amo unt of VOCs emitted primarily depends on the VOC content of the product
and the amount of product used.

County

- level emissions were calculated using a per capita emission factor which was obtained from the Emission Inventory
Improvement Program (EIIP ) 1 

### an d U.S. Bureau of the Census 2007 population data 2



### . The emission factor represents pre

- control
emission rates. A CE of 10.94 percent 3 

### and an RP of 48.6 percent 4 

### were applied to reflect the Federal Rule for consumer products.
There are no point sources asso ciated with this category.

Each county’s emissions are estimated per the sample calculations listed below.

SAMPLE VOC EMISSION CALCULATIONS:

1 

### Eastern Research Group, “Emission Inventory Improvement Program, Document Series, Volume III, Area Sources, Chapter 5,

Consumer and Commercial Solvent Use,” Table 5.4

- 1, prepared for the Area Sources Committee, Emission Inventory Improvement
Program, August 1996, available from http://www.epa.gov/ttn/chief/eiip/techreport/volume03/index.html , accessed March 2009

2 

### U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census, “ Population Estimates Program ,” T1. Population Estimates [10] data Set:
2007 Population Estimates, available from http://www.census.gov/popest/counties/CO

- EST2007

- 01.html , accessed March 2009.

3 

### ERTAC Recommendation, Midwest RPO Inventory Comparability Project, revised June 2, 2009, accessed June 2009.

4 

### E.H. Pechan & Associates, Inc., Control Measure Develo pment Support Analysis of Ozone Transport Commission Model Rules

, prepared for the Ozone Transport Commission, March 2001.

### 109

where:

Emission Factor = 0.79 lbs VOC/person/year 1



### Population = 1,219,210 (Allegheny County ) 1



### Control Efficiency = 10.94%

RP (Rule Penetration) = 48.6% 4



### RE (Rule Effectiveness) = 100%

### 110

INDUSTRIAL MAINTENANCE COATINGS (SCC 2401100000)

The VOC emissions from this source category result from the evaporation of solvents from surface coating of objects and mater ials
that may exist in extreme conditions. There were no point sources. The emissions for each county were calculated using a pe r capita

emission factor 1 

### and U.S. Census Bureau population data 2 

### . Each county’s emissions were estimated per the following s ample

calculations.

SAMPLE VOC EMISSION CALCULATIONS:

where:

Emission Factor = 0. 15 lbs VOC/person/year 1



### Population = 1,219,210 people (Allegheny County) 2

1 

### ERTAC Area Inventory Comparability Project , revised August 14, 2009, accessed September 2009.

2 

### U.S. Department of Commerce, Bure au of the Census, “ Population Estimates Program ,” T1. Population Estimates [10] data Set:
2007 Population Estimates, available from http://www.census.gov/popest/counties/CO

- EST2007

- 01 .html , accessed March 2009.

### 111

M ACHINERY AND EQUIPMENT (SCC 2401055000)

The VOC emissions from this source category result from the evaporation of the solvent used in the coating process in manufac turing
facilities of such as engines, turbines, farm and garden equipment, computers, and office machinery. The emissions for each county
were calculated using an employment

- based emission factor 1 

### and employee data 2 

### from NAICS Codes 333 1XX, 3332XX, 3333XX and

33341XX obtained from County Business Pattern

, with midpoin ts calculated by E.H. Pechan and Associates. Point source emissions,
where present, were subtracted from the Machinery and Equipment category emission estimates.

SAMPLE VOC EMISSION CALCULATIONS:

Annual VOC Emissions = (Emission Factor)(Number of Employees)

where:

VOC Emission Factor = 109 lbs VOC /employee/year 1



### Employees = 1,119 employees (Allegheny County) 2

1 

### ERTAC Area Inventory Comparability Project , revised August 18, 2009, accessed September 2009.

2 

### National, State and County level employment data downloaded from US Census Bureau, mapping of employment flag letters
reported by County Business Patterns to the range and midpoints of the range, and calculated final activity data using the employment
midpoint and adjustment factor

.

### 112

### 113

MARINE COATING (SCC 2401080000)

This source category includes ship and boat building and repairing. The emissions were calculated using an employment

- based

emission factor 1 

### an d employee data from NAICS codes 3366XX and 488390 . The number of employees in each county for 200 6 was

collec ted by E.H. Pechan and Associates, who calculated the midpoints from any given ranges 2



### . Each county’s emissions were
estimated per the following sample calculations below. Point source emissions, where present, were subtracted from these emis sion

estimate s.

SAMPLE VOC EMISSION CALCULATIONS:

Annual VOC Emissions = (Emission Factor)(Number of Employees)

where:

Emission Factor = 198 lbs VOC /employee/year
Employees = 5 employees (Allegheny County)

1 

### ERTAC Area Inventory Comparability Project , revised August 14, 2009, accessed October, 2009.

2 

### National, State and County level employment data downloaded from US Census Bureau, mapping of employment flag letters
reported by County Business Patterns to the range and midpoints of the range, and calculated final activity data using the employment
midp oint and adjustment factor

.

### 114

### 115

METAL CA NS (SCC 2401040000)

This source category includes the manufacturing of metal cans, barrels, drums, kegs, and pails. The emissions from point sour ces, where present, were subtracted from the emissions of the corresponding county. The emissions for each c ounty were calculated per the
calculation below using an employment

- based emission factor 1 

### an d employee data from NAICS Code 332431, obtained from County

Business Pattern s 2



### . Point source emissions, where present, were subtracted from these emission estimat es.

SAMPLE VOC EMISSION CALCULATION:

Annual VOC Emissions = (Emission Factor)(Number of Employees)

where:

Emission Factor = 2,326 lbs VOC/employee/yea r 1



### Employees = 10 employees (Allegheny County ) 2

1 

### ERTAC Area Inventory Comparability Project , revised August 14, 2009, accessed September 2009.

2 

### National, State and County level employment data downloaded from US Census Bureau, mapping of employment flag letters
reported by County Business Patterns to the range and midpoints of the range, and calculated final activity data using the employment
midpoint and adjustment factor

.

### 116

### 117

METAL FURNITURE (SCC 2401025000)

This source category includes manufacturing metal household and office furniture, such as beds, cabinets, desks, bookcases, a nd

chairs. The emissions for each county were calculated per the sample calculations below using an employment

- based emission factor 1



### and employee data for NAICS codes 337124, 337214, and half of NAICS codes 337127, 339111 and 337215. The number of

e mployees in each county for 2007 was obt ained from County Business Patterns 2 

### for year 2006 by E. H. Pechan and Associates , who
performed calculations for midpoints and adjustment factors for any ranges that were obtained . Point source emissions, where
present, were subtracted from these emissio n estimates.

SAMPLE VOC EMISSION CALCULATIONS:

Annual VOC Emissions = (Emission Factor)(Number of Employees)

where:

Emission Factor = 772 lbs VOC /employee/year
Employees = 102 employees (Allegheny County)

1 

### ERTAC Area Inventory Comparability Project , revised August 14, 2009, accessed September 2009.

2 

### National, State and County level employment data downloaded from US Census Bureau, mapping of employment flag letters
reported by County Business Patterns to the range and midpoints of the range, and calculated final activity data using the employment

mi dpoint and adjustment factor

.

### 118

METAL SHEETS, STRIPS

, COILS (SCC 24 01045000)

This source category includes the manufacturing of metal sheets, strips and coils , of which functional coatings may be added for
protective purposes. This can be accomplished by brushing, rolling, spraying, dipping, flow coating, electro

- coati ng, or specialized
combinations or variations of these methods. Emissions result from the evaporation of the paint solvent and any additional s olvent

used to thin
the coating and from the use of solvents in cleaning the surface prior to
coating and in cle aning coating equipment after use.

Emissions for each county were calculated per the calculation below using an employment

- based emission factor 1 

### and employee data

from NAICS Codes 339911, 339914, 332812 and 339912 . The number of employees in each coun ty for 2006 was obtained from

County Business Pattern s 2 

### by E. H. Pechan and Associates , who also performed the calculations of midpoints and adjustment factors

1 

### Eastern Research Group, “Emission Inventory Improvement Program, Document Ser ies, Volume III, Area Sources, Chapter 8,

Industri al Surface Coating,” Table 8.5

- 1

, Principal Industrial Surface Coating SIC, September 1997, acce ssed September 2009.

2 

### National, State and County level employment data downloaded from US Census Bureau, mapping of employment flag letters
reported by County Business Patterns to the range and midpoints of the range, and calculated final activity data using the employment
midpoint and adjustment factor

.

### 119

fro m any associated ranges obtained

. The emissions from point sources, where present, were subt racted from the emissions of the
corresponding county.

SAMPLE VOC EMISSION CALCULATION:

Annual VOC Emissions = (Emission Factor)(Number of Employees)

where:

Emission Factor = 2,877 lbs VOC/employee/year 1



### Employees = 514 emp loyees ( Allegheny County) 2

### 120

MI SCELLANEOUS MANUFACTURING (SCC 2401090000)

This source category includes small industrial surface coating establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing product s not classified in any other group such as jewelry, silverware, musical instruments, dolls, toys, games, pens, pencils, buttons, b rooms, and
caskets. Operations involve applying a thin layer of coating, such as paint, lacquer, enamel and varnish, to an ob ject for decorative
purposes. The surface coating products are either water

- based or solvent based liquid carriers that mostly evaporate in the drying or
curing process.

The emissions for each county were calculated per the sample calculations below using a per capita emission factor 1 

### and U.S. Census
Bureau population data 2 

### . Point source emissions, where present, were subtracted from these emission estimates.

SAMPLE VOC EMISSION CALCULATIONS:

Annual VOC Emiss ions = (Emission Factor)( Population)

w here:
Emission Factor = 0.6 lbs VOC/person/year
Population =1,219,210 (Allegheny County)

1 

### Eastern Research Group, “Emission Inventory Improvement Program, Document Series, Volume III, Area Sources, Chapter 8,
Industrial Surface Coating,” Table 8.5

- 2, National Default Per Capita V OC Emission Factors, September 1997, accessed March 2009.

2 

### U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census, “ Population Estimates Program ,” T1. Population Estimates [10] data Set:
2007 Population Estimates, available from http://www.census.gov/popest/counties/CO

- EST2007

- 01.html , accessed March 2009.

### 121

### 122

MISCELLANEOUS PRODUCTS (NOT OTHERWISE COVERED) (SCC 2460900000)

Miscellaneous consumer products not covered in the other product groups include arts and crafts supplies, non

- pesticidal veterinary
and pet products, and pressurized food produc ts.

County

- level emissions were calculated using a per capita emission factor which was obtained from the Emission Inventory

I mprovement Program (EIIP) 1 

### and U.S. Bureau of the Census 2007 population data 2 

### . A CE of 0 percent 3 

### and an RP of 48.6 percen t 4



### were applied to reflect the Federal Rule for consumer products. There are no point sources associated with this category.

Each co unty’s emissions are estimated per the sample calculations listed below.

SAMPLE VOC EMISSION CALCULATIONS:

where:

1 

### Eastern Research Group, “Emission Inventory Improvement Program, Document Series, Volume III, Area Sources, Chapter 5,

Consumer a nd Commercial Solvent Use,” Table 5.4

- 1, prepared for the Area Sources Committee, Emission Inventory Improvement
Program, August 1996, available from http://www.epa.gov/ttn/ch ief/eiip/techreport/volume03/index.html , accessed March 2009.

2 

### U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census, “ Population Estimates Program ,” T1. Population Estimates [10] data Set:
2007 Population Estimates, available from http://www.census.gov/popest/counties/CO

- EST2007

- 01.html , accessed March 2009.

3 

### ERTAC Recommendation, Midwest RPO Inventory Comparability Project, revised June 2, 2009, accessed June 2009.

4 

### E.H. Pechan & Associates, Inc., Control Measure Development Support Analysis of Ozone Transport Commission Model Rules

, prepared for the Ozone Transport Commission, March 2001.

### 123

Emission Factor = 0.07 lbs VOC/person/year 1



### Population = 1,219,210 (Allegheny County) 2



### Control Efficiency = 0% 3



### RP (Rule Penetration) = 48.6% 4



### RE (Rule Effectiveness ) = 100%

### 124

OPEN BURNING (3 CCs)

( Residential Household Waste SCC 2610030000; Residential Yard Waste

– Leaves, SCC 2610000100; Residential Yard Waste

- Brush SCC 2610000400)

Open burning can be done in open drums o r baskets, in fields and yards, and in large open dumps or pits. Materials commonly
disposed of in this manner include household waste, landscape refuse, agricultural field refuse, wood refuse, and leaves. For emission
inventory purposes, Open Burning is d ivided into four categories: Residential Household Waste ; Resi dential Leaf; Residential Brush ;

Land C learing.

County

- level emissions were calculated for Residential Household Waste using a n emission factor which was obtained from the
Emission Inventory I mprovement Program (EIIP) 1 

### an d U.S. Bureau of the Census 2000 2 

### and 2007 3 

### population data. There are no point
sources associated with this category.

Throughput data was obtained from the percent Rural 2000 county population numbers applied to the 2007 coun ty populations

. The
average household size 4 

### was considered to be 2.5 residents and the average amount of waste produced per household 4 

### was considered

1 

### Eastern Research Group, “Emission Inventory Improvement Program, Document Series, Volume III, Area Sources, Chapter 16, Open Burning,” Table 16.4

- 1, Emission Factors for Open Burning of Municipal Refuse (EPA, 1997 & EPA,1995a) available at
http://www.epa.gov/ttn/ chief/eiip/techreport/volume03/index.html , accessed December 2009.

2 

### U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census, 2000 Census Data,
http://factfinder.census.gov/servlet/Down loadCenterServlet

3 

### U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census, “ Population Estimates Program ,” T1. Population Estimates [10] data Set:
2007 Population Estimates, available from http://www.census.gov/popest/counties/CO

- EST2007

- 01.html , accessed March 2009

4 

### Eastern Research Group, “Emission Inventory Improvement Program, Document Series, Volume III, Area Sources, Chapter 16,
Open Burning,” Example 16.4

- 1, http://www.epa.gov/ttn/chief/eiip/techreport/volume03/index.html , accessed December 2009.

### 125

to be 5.37 lbs/day or 1960.05 lbs/year or 0.9800 tpy

. The loading factor 4 

### was 6.7% to reflect the percent of rural households who
actually burn their household trash.

For counties with areas labeled as Air Basins it was assumed that no open burning of household waste was being accomplished and

therefor e no emissions were calculated

.

SAMPLE CALCULATIONS:

Residential Household Waste Burning :

VOC Emission Factor = 8.560 lbs / ton waste/year

NO

x 

### Emission Factor = 6 lbs / ton waste/year

CO Emission Factor = 85 lb / ton waste/year

SO2 Emission Factor = 1. 0 lbs / ton waste/year
PM10 Emission Factor = 38.0 lbs/ton waste/year

PM2.5 Emi ssion Factor = 34.8 lbs / ton waste/year

CO Emission Factor = 85 .0 lbs / ton waste/year
Loading Factor = 0.067 tons waste/2.5 person household

Rural Households = 24,109 (Adams Coun ty

– this is non

- air basin county)
CE (Control Efficiency) = 0 %

RP (Rule Penetration) = 100%
RE (Rule Effectiveness) = 80% (reflects PA’s Solid Waste rules)

### 126

VOC Emission s for Adams County:

Yard Wastes

Yard waste burning is th e open burning of materials such as grass clippings, leaves, and trimmings from trees and shrubs. Yard waste
burning takes plac e where the waste is generated ( i.e., residences

, parks, institutions such a s universities or hospitals, office complexes

or oth er areas where grounds maintenance generates this type of waste) or waste disposal sites where wastes have been collected.
Many municipalities, who provide leaf removal and composting, prohibit or restrict the burning of yard wastes.

County

- level emiss ions were calculated for the Open Burning categories of Residential Yard Waste

- Leaves and Residential Yard

Waste

- Brush using emission factor s obtained from AP

- 42 factors 1 

### , 1995

.

Throughput data was obtained by applying the percent Rural 2000 county p opulation 2 

### to the 2007 county populations 3 

### . The average

amount of leaf waste produced per person 1 

### was considered to be 0.64 lbs/day or 0.00728 tpy calculated for the months of September,

1 

### U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards, Compilation of Air Pollutant Emission
Factors, Volume I: Stationary Point and Area Sources , AP

- 42, Fifth Edition, January 1995.

2 

### U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census, 2000 Census Data,
http://factfinder.census.gov/servlet/DownloadCenterServlet

3 

### U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census, “ Population Estimates Program ,” T1. Population Estimates [10] data Set:
2007 Population Estimates, available from http://www.census.gov/popest/counties/CO

- EST2007

- 01.html , accessed March 2009

### 127

October and November

. The loading factor 2 

### of 28 % was applied to refle ct the percent of rural population who actually burn their yard

lea f waste . For counties with areas labeled as Air Basins it was assumed that no open burning of household waste was being
accomplished and therefore no emissions were calculated.

Leaf Open B urning :

where:

VOC Emission Factor = 28 lbs/ ton waste/year

NO

x 

### Emission Factor = 6 .2 lb s/ ton waste/year

CO Emission Factor = 112 lbs / ton waste/year

SO2 Emission Factor = 0.76 lbs / ton waste/year

PM2.5 Emission Factor = 22 lbs / ton waste/year

PM10 Emissio n Factor = 22 lbs / ton waste/year
Average amount Leaf Waste/person = 0.64 lbs/day or
58.24 lbs/person for ( Sept. Oct. Nov.)
Yard Waste Average Composition = 50% grass/ 25% brush/25% leaves

Average Leaf Waste per person = 14.56 lbs or 0.00728 tpy
Loading F

actor = 0.28 to ns waste/person
Population = 94,437 people (Adams County

– this is a non

- air basin county)
CE (Control Efficiency) = 0 %

RP (Rule Penetration) = 100%
RE (Rule Effectiveness) = 80%

1 

### Eastern Research Group, “Emission Inventory Improvement Program, Document Series, Volume III, Area Sources, Chapter 16,

Open Burning,” 4.1.3 Yard Wastes, example (16.4

- 5) available at http://www.epa.gov/ttn/chief/eiip/techreport/volume03/index.html

, accessed December

2009.

2 

### ERTAC Area Inventory Comparability Project , revised August 14, 2009, accessed December 2009.

### 128

Leaf Open Burning; Example PM10 Calculati o n for Adams County :



### Additional References for Open Burning:

E.H. Pechan & Associates, Inc., “Open Burning in Residential Areas, Emissions Inventory Development Report,” prepared for Mid

Atlantic/Northeast Visibility Union, January 3 1, 2004.

Pennsylvania Code, Section 25, Chapter 129.14 , available at http://www.pacode.com/secure/data/025/chapter129/s129.14.html

### 129

O THER SPECIAL PURPOSE COATINGS (SCC 24012 00000)

This category includes special purpose coatings used for applications such as maintenance operations at industrial and other facilities,
auto refinishing, traffic paints, marine finishes, and aerosol sprays. Note that this category covers those sp ecific coating processes not
already included in other source categories (e.g., Industrial Maintenance Coatings). Emissions for this category were estimat ed using a
per capita emission factor 1 

### and U.S. Bureau of the Census population data 2 

### . Each county’s e missions were calculated per the following
sample calculations.

SAMPLE VOC EMISSION CALCULATIONS:

where:

VOC Emission Factor = 0. 0 0 7 lbs VOC/person/year 1



### Population 1,219,210 (Allegheny County) 2

1 

### ERTAC Area Inventory Comparability Project , revised August 14, 2009, accessed August 2009.

2 

### U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census, “ Population Estimates Program ,” T1. Population Estimates [10] data Set:
2007 Population Estimates, available from http://www.census.gov/popest/counties/CO

- EST2007

- 01.html , accessed March 2009.

### 130

### 131

PAPER, FOIL AND FILM (SCC 2401030000)

This source category includes the manufacturing of paper

, foil and film. The emissions from point sources, where present, were

subtracted from the e missions of the corresponding county. Emissions for each county were calculated per the calculation below using
an employment

- based emission factor 1 

### and employee data from NAICS Codes 322221, 322222, 322223, 322225 and 322226

. The
number of employees in e ach county for 200 6 was obtained from County Business Patterns 2 

### by E. H. Pechan and Associates , who also
performed the calculations of midpoints and adjustment factors fro m any associated ranges.

SAMPLE VOC EMISSION CALCULATION:

Annual VOC Emissions = (E mission Factor)(Number of Employees)

where:

Emission Factor = 735 lbs VOC/employee/year
Employees = 862 employees ( York County)

1 

### ERTAC Area Invento ry Comparability Project , revised August 14, 2009, accessed September 2009.

2 

### National, State and County level employment data downloaded from US Census Bureau, mapping of employment flag letters
reported by County Business Patterns to the range and mid points of the range, and calculated final activity data using the employment
midpoint and adjustment factor

.

### 132

### 133

P ERSONAL CARE PRODUCTS (SCC 2460100000)

Personal care products include hair ca re products, deodorants and antiperspirants, perfumes, colognes, and nail care products. Ethanol and isopropanol are the primary solvents used in the formulation of these products. Each county’s emissions were calculated using a
per capita emission facto r 1 

### which was obtained from the Emission Inventory Improvement Program (EIIP) and U.S. Bureau of the
Census 2007 population data 2 

### . A c ontrol efficiency of 12.11% 3 

### and a rule penetration of 48.6% 4 

### are applied in the 2007 inventory to

reflect the Federal Rul e for consumer products . There are no point sources associated with this category.

SAMPLE VOC EMISSION CALCULATIONS:

where:

Emission Factor = 2.32 lbs VOC/person/year 1



### Population = 1,219,210 (All egheny County) 1

1 

### Eastern Research Group, “Emission Inventory Improvement Program, Document Series, Volume III, Area Sources, Chapter 5,

Consumer and Commercial Solvent Use,” Table 5.4

- 1, prepared for the Area Sources Committee, Emission Inventory Improvement
Program, August 1996, available from http://www.epa.gov/ttn/chief/eiip/techr eport/volume03/index.html , accessed March 2009

2 

### U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census, “ Population Estimates Program ,” T1. Population Estimates [10] data Set:
2007 Population Estimates, available from http://www.census.gov/popest/counties/CO

- EST2007

- 01.html , accessed March 2009.

3 

### ERTAC Recommendation, Midwest RPO Inventory Comparability Project, revised June 2, 2009, accessed June 2009.

4 

### E.H. Pechan & Associates, Inc

., Control Measure Development Support Analysis of Ozone Transport Commission Model Rules

, prepared for the Ozone Transport Commission, March 2001.

### 134

Control Efficiency = 12.11% 3



### RP (Rule Penetration) = 48.6% 4



### RE (Rule Effectivene ss) = 100%

### 135

PORTABLE FUEL CONTAINERS

– GASOLINE DISTRIBUTION (10 SCCs)

The following SCC (2501011011, 2501011012, 2501011013, 2501011014, 2501011015, 2501012011, 2501012012, 2501012013,

2501012014, 25 010 12015) categ or y’s emissions were calculated by E.H. Pechan and Associates. The following documentation was
prepared by E.H. Pechan and Associates:

1. GASOLINE DISTRI BUTION

– PORTABLE FUEL CONTAINERS

Portable fuel containers (PFCs, or gas cans) are consumer product s used to refuel a wide variety of gasoline

- powered equipment.

The general approach to calculating emissions for this SCC is to take the inventories already prepared by the EPA for 2002 and 2010
and apply a linear fit between to get 2008 emissions.

For this source category, the following SCCs were assigned:

SCC Descriptor 1 Descriptor 3 Descriptor 6 Descriptor 8

2501011011 Storage and Transport Petroleum and Petroleum Product Storage Residential Portable Gas Cans Permeation

2501011012 Storage and Tran sport Petroleum and Petroleum Product Storage Residential Portable Gas Cans Evaporation (includes Diurnal losses)

2501011013 Storage and Transport Petroleum and Petroleum Product Storage Residential Portable Gas Cans Spillage During
Transport

2501011014 Storage and Transport Petroleum and Petroleum Product Storage Residential Portable Gas Cans Refilling at the Pump

- Vapor
Displacement

2501011015 Storage and Transport Petroleum and Petroleum Product Storage Residential Portable Gas Cans Refilling at the Pump

- Spillage

2501012011 Storage and Transport Petroleum and Petroleum Product Storage Commercial Portable Gas

Cans Permeation

### 136

2501012012 Storage and Transport Petroleum and Petroleum Product Storage Commercial Portable Gas

Cans Evaporation (includes D iurnal losses)

2501012013 Storage and Transport Petroleum and Petroleum Product Storage Commercial Portable Gas

Cans Spillage During
Transport

2501012014 Storage and Transport Petroleum and Petroleum Product Storage Commercial Portable Gas

Cans Refilling at the Pump

- Vapor
Displacement

2501012015 Storage and Transport Petroleum and Petroleum Product Storage Commercial Portable Gas

Cans Refilling at the Pump

- Spillage



### Activity data for the 2002 and 2010 inventories were developed using EPA’s Non

- road Model which uses a variety of variables like
equipment size, equipment population, equipment age, RVP, and air temperature to estimate activity.

There are at least 15 states which have enacted or are considering rules for PFCs. Due to the complexities i n calculating emissions,
these rules have already been accounted for in the emissions, but will not be listed in the control table.

Section 2.2 of the EPA PFC report details emission factors used for each of the activities associated with PFCs.

Emissio ns are calculated in the formula :

Emis County, Pollutant 

### = m x year diff 

### + Emis 2002



### w here :

m = (Emis 2010



### – Emis 2002 

### ) / (2010

– 2002)

### 137

Example:

Using SCC 2501011011 in Allegheny County PA as an example:

Emis 2010 

### = 60. 7 tons VOC

Emis 2002 

### = 181.7 ton s VOC

m = (60.7

– 181.7) / (2010

– 2002) =

- 15.125

Emis Alegheny

, VOC 

### =

- 15.125 x (2008

- 2002) + 181.7

= 90

. 95 t ons V O C

Reference:
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency

. Estimating Emissions Associated with Portable Fuel Containers (PFCs)

. Ann Arbor
Michigan. February 2007

.

### 138

PUBLIC OWNED TREATMENT WORKS (SCC: 2630020000)

Public Owned Treatment Works (POTWs) are wastewater treatment plants typically owned by municipalities in Pennsylvania

. Year

2007 POTW flow rate data for Pennsylvania fac ilities was extrapolated by E.H. Pechan and Associates from EPA national
projections 1 

### and allocated to county

- level by population 2



### . VOC Emission Factor based on a TriTAC study 3 

### per E.H. Pechan and

Associates.

SAMPLE VOC CALCULATIONS:

2007 County Waste water Flow = (Nat. Wastewater Flow)(County Population/Nat. Population)

where:

2007 National Wastewater Flow = 13,423,66 0 million gallons 1



### 2007 County Population (Allegheny) = 1,219,210 4



### 2007 National Population = 301,2 90,332 5

1 

### Projected national POTW flow rates from EPA

2 

### National flow rate allocated to county

- level by population , by E.H. Pechan and Associates.

3 

### VOC Emission Factor based on a TriTAC study. Prakasam Tata, Jay Witherspoon, Cecil Lue

- Hing (eds.), VOC Emissions from
Wastewater Treatment Plants: Characterization, Control, and Compliance , Lewis Publishers, 2003, p. 2 61

.

4 

### U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census, “ Population Estimates Program ,” T1. Population Estimates [10] data Set:
2007 Population Estimates, available from http://www. census.gov/popest/counties/CO

- EST2007

- 01.html , accessed March 2009.

5 

### 2007 US population found at U.S. Census Bureau, http://factfinder.census.gov/servlet/GCTTable?_bm=y&

- geo_id=01000US&

- _box_head_nbr=GCT

- T1

- R&

- ds_name=PEP_2008_EST&

- _lang=en&

- format=US

- 40S&

- _sse=on

### 139

SAMPLE VOC CALCULATIONS:

where:

Emission Factor = 0.85 lbs VOC/millions of gallons flow 3



### Wastew ate r Flo w = 54,320.5632 million gallons (Allegheny County) 2

### 140

RAILROAD SOLVENTS (SCC 2401085000)

This source category includes Railcar building and repairing. The emissions were calculated using an employment

- based emission

factor 1 

### and employee data from NAICS code 336 5 XX. The number of employees in each county for 2006 was collected by E.H.
Pechan and Associates, who calculated the midpoints from any given ranges 2 

### . Each county’s emissions were estimated per the
following sample calculations below. Point source emissions, where present, were subtracted from these emission estimates.

SAMPLE VOC EMISSION CALCULATIONS:

Annual VOC Emissions = (Emission Factor)(Number of Employees)

where:

Emission Factor = 222 lbs VOC /employee/year
Employees = 172 2.89 employees ( Allegheny County)

1 

### ERTAC Area Inventory Comparability Project , revised August 14, 2009, ac cessed October 2009.

2 

### National, State and County level employment data downloaded from US Census Bureau, mapping of employment flag letters
reported by County Business Patterns to the range and midpoints of the range, and calculated final activity data u sing the employment
midpoint and adjustment factor

.

### 141

### 142

RESIDENTIAL COAL FOSSIL FUEL COMBUSTION (2 SCCs: SCC 2104001000, SCC 2104002000)

Residential Coal Combustion is coal that is burned to heat residential housing.

These documentatio n and fuel combustion emissions were calculated by E. H. Pechan and Associates. References are listed at the end

of the Residential Coal Fossil Fuel Combustion section. The general approach to calculating emissions for these two SCCs is to take

state coa l c onsumption values from the EIA and allocate it to the county level using methods described below. County

- level coal
consumption is multiplied by the emission factors to calculate emissions.

For this source category, the following SCCs were assigned:

SCC Descriptor 1 Descriptor 3 Descriptor 6 Descriptor 8

2104001000 Stationary

Source Fuel

Combustion Residential Anthracite Coal All Boiler
Types

2104002000 Stationary

Source Fuel

Combustion Residential Bituminous/

Subbituminous

Coal All Boiler

Types

A ctivity Data

The mass of coal consumed by residential combustion in the U.S. was used to estimate emissions. Coal consumption by energy u se sector is presented in State Energy Data 2006 Consumption tables published by the Energy Information Administratio n (EIA). 1 

### Year
2006 consumption data were used as a surrogate for 200 7 emissions because year 2006 data were the latest data available when this
inventory was prepared.

Fuel

- Specific Activity Data Adjustments

Coal

- for residential coal combustion, t he E IA data do not distinguish between anthracite and bituminous coal consumption estimates.

(i.e., anthracite ver sus bituminous/sub

- bituminous) Because anthracite is mined in the eastern half of the Commonwealth, while

### 143

bituminous is mined in the western half , the emission calculations assume that eastern counties burn anthracite coal while western

counties burn bituminous coal.

State

- level coal consumption was allocated to each county using the US Census Bureau’s 2000 Census Detailed Housing

Information. 3 

### Th ese data include the number of housing units using a specific type of fuel for residential heating. State coal
consumption was allocated to each county using the ratio of the number of houses burning coal in each Anthracite or Bituminous coal

burning count y to the total number of Anthracite or Bituminous coal

- burning housing units in the State.

No controls were assumed for this category

Emission Factors

In some cases (see Table 2), SO 2 

### and PM emission factors required information on the sulfur and/or ash content of the coal burned.

State

- specific sulfur and ash contents of anthracite and bituminous coal were obtained from data compiled in preparing the 1999

residential coal combustion emissions estimates. 4 

### This study mostly relied on data obtained from U SGS COALQUAL database.
States not included in the database but that reported coal usage were assigned values based on their proximity to coal seams or using
an average value for Pennsylvania (see report for details of the analysis).

Table 3 presents th e bituminous coal sulfur content values used for each state. For anthracite coal, an ash content value of 13.38% and
a sulfur content of 0.89% were applied to Pennsylvania.

The remaining criteria pollutant and HAP emissions were calculated by multiplying the total coal consumed in each county per year
by an emission factor. All emission factors except ammonia are from AP

- 42. 5 

### Table 4 presents a summary of the emission factors
for residential anthracite coal combustion (SCC 2104001000). Table 5 present s a summary of the emission factors for residential

bituminous coal combustion (SCC 2104002000).

Sample Calculations

Annual emissions are calculated for each county using emission factors and activity as:

E x,p 

### = FC

x 

### × EF

x,p

### 144

where:

E

x,p 

### = annual emissi ons for fuel type x and pollutant p ( lbs /year),

FC

x 

### = annual fuel consumption for fuel type x,

EF x,p 

### = emission factor for fuel type x and pollutant p.

County level fuel consumption is calculated using:

FC

x 

### = A State 

### x Ratio County houses



### where:

A Sta te 

### = total tons of coal reported by the EIA,

Ratio County houses 

### = county allocation ratio ba sed on number of houses burning coal per Anthracite coal

- burning count ies or per

Bituminous coal

- burning counties

.

Example:

Using Allegheny County, PA as an ex ample:

Allegheny County, PA , labeled a Bituminous coal

- burning county, had 183 houses out of the state total of 19,921 Bituminous coal

burning house s that use coal as the primary heating fuel. This equates to a share of 0.9186 % of the 9,687.54 tons of co al used for
residential heating in the sta te.

The emission factor for PM 2.5 

### - FIL Bituminous (See Table 2 ) is 3.8 lb/ton of coal burnt

FC Allegheny, anth 

### = 9,687.54 × 0 .9186% = 88. 9897 tons Bituminous coal

Emis Allegheny, anth, PM2.5

- FIL 

### = 88.9897 tons Bi tuminous coal × 3.8 lbs PM 2.5 

### - FIL per ton coal

= 338.1610 lbs PM 2.5 

### - FIL

### 145

Table 2. SO 2 

### and PM Emission Factors for Industrial Anthracite and Bituminous Coal Combustion

Pollutant Emission Factor

(lb/ton) AP

- 42 Table

Anthracite Emission Factors (SCC 2104 001000)

PM

- CON 0.08* % Ash 1.2

- 3

PM10

- FIL 10 1.2

- 4

PM25

- FIL 0.6 * % Ash 1.2

- 4

Sulfur Dioxide 39 * % Sulfur 1.2

- 1

Bituminous Emission Factors (SCC 2104002000)

PM

- CON .04 1.1

- 5

PM10

- FIL 6.2 1.1

- 9

PM25

- FIL 3.8 1.1

- 9

Sulfur Dioxide 31 * % Sulfur 1.1

- 3

NOTE: PM 10 

### , PM 2.5 

### , and condensable PM emission factors
for bituminous coal do not require ash content, nor does the

condensable PM emission factor for anthracite coal.

### 146

Table 3. State

- Specific Sulfur Content for Bituminous Coal (SCC 2104002000)

State Percent

Sulfur

Content State Percent

Sulfur

Content

Alabama 2.08 Montana 0.60

Alaska 0.31 Nebraska 2.43

Arizona 0.47 Nevada 2.30

Arkansas 1.20 New
Hampshire 2.42
California 0.47 New Jersey 2.42

Colorado 0.61 New Mexico 0.75
C onnecticut 2.42 New York 2.42

Delaware 1.67 North Carolina 1.62

District of

Columbia 1.67 North Dakota 0.97

Florida 1.28 Ohio 3.45 Georgia 1.28 Oklahoma 3.08

Hawaii 1.00 Oregon 0.50

Idaho 0.31 Pennsylvania 2.42

Illinois 3.48 Rhode Island 2.42

India na 2.49 South

Carolina 1.28

Iowa 4.64 South Dakota 0.97

Kansas 5.83 Tennessee 1.62 Kentucky 1.93 Texas 1.14

Louisiana 0.86 Utah 0.80

Maine 2.42 Vermont 2.42 Maryland 1.67 Virginia 1.19

Massachusetts 2.42 Washington 0.50
Michigan 1.20 West Virginia 1.25

Minnesota 0.97 Wisconsin 1.00 Mississippi 1.24 Wyoming 0.87

Missouri 3.39

### 147

Table 4. National Criteria Emission Factors for Residential Coal Combustion (SCC 2104001000 and 2104002000)

7439921 LEAD 0.00042 LB TON

CO CARBON MONOXIDE 275 LB TO N

NOX NITROGEN OXIDES /Anthracite 3 LB TON

VOC VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS 10 LB TON

NOX NITROGEN OXIDES /Bituminous 9.1 LB TON

References

1. U.S. Department of Energy, Energy Information Administration (EIA). State Energy Data 2006 Consumption. Washington,
DC 2008. Internet Address: http://www.eia.doe.gov/emeu/states/sep_use/total/csv/use_all_phy.csv accessed November 2008.

2. EIA, 2008. U.S. Department of Energy, Energy Information Administration, “Domestic Distribution of U.S. Coal by

Dest ination State, Consumer, Origin and Method of Transportation”, 2006. Available from:
http://www.eia.doe.gov/cneaf/coal/page/coaldistrib/coal_distributions.html, accessed December 2008.

3. U.S. Census Bureau. "Table H40. House Heating Fuel Type", Census 2000: Summary File 3. Internet address:
http://factfinder.census.gov/servlet/DatasetMainPageServlet?_program=DEC&_submenuId=&_lang=en&_ts=, accessed July

2009.

### 148

4. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. Emission Factor and Inventory Group. Final Summar y of the Development and
Results of a Methodology for Calculating Area Source Emissions from Residential Fuel Combustion. Prepared by Pacific
Environmental Services, Inc. Research Triangle Park, NC. September 2002. Internet address:
http://www.epa.gov /ttn/chief/eiip/techreport/volume03/draft1999_ residfuel_inven_apr2003.zip accessed November 2004.

5. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. Compilation of Air Pollutant Emission Factors, 5th Edition, AP

- 42, Volume I:
Stationary Point and Area Sources. Research Triangle Park, North Carolina. 1996.

6. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. Emission Factor and Inventory Group. Estimating Ammonia Emissions from
Anthropogenic Sources, Draft Report. Prepared by E.H. Pechan and Associates, Inc. Research T riangle Park, NC. September

2003.

### 149

RESIDENTIAL FUEL OIL/KEROSENE COMBUSTION (2 SCCs: SCC 2104004000, SCC 2104011000)

Distillate oil and kerosene combustion sources emit VOC, NO

x 

### , CO, SO 2 

### , Pb, and PM

. Fuel oil and kerosene emissions were
calculated for each county using fuel use estimates derived by allocating Commonwealth consumption estimates from the Energy

Information Administration to individual counties . The county allocations were performed using data obtained from the American

Comm unity Survey and the U.S. Census Bureau.

SAMPLE CALCULATIONS:

Residential Distillate Fuel Oil/Kerosene :

Residential fuel oil and kerosene usage was determined by allocating the residential fuel oil and kerosene use to each county. The

residentia l fuel consumption was allocated by the ratio of dwelling units (DU) using distillate fuel oil/kerosene in a county to the
number of dwelling units burning distillate fuel oil/ kerosene in the Commonwealth. The following is the general equation for the

calc ulation of usage for residential sources of fuel oil and kerosene combustion.

where:

PA Residential Fuel Oil = 7 0 6, 956 thousand gallons 1



### 2007 County Fuel Oi/Kerosene Burning DUs = 6916 Dwelling Units (Allegheny County) 2



### 2007 State Fuel Oil/Kerosene

- Burning DUs = 1,118,774 Dwelling Units 1

1 

### Energy Information Administration, Pennsylvania Sales of Distillate Fuel Oil and Kerosene by End Use,
http://tonto.eia.d oe.gov/dnav/pet/pet_cons_821use_dcu_SPA_a.htm

, accessed May 2009.

2 

### U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census, B25040, “House Heating Fuel, Occupied Housing Units, 2005

- 2007
American Community Survey 3

- year Estimates, accessed May 2009.

### 150

VOC Emissions :

where:

Distillate Fuel Oil:

VOC Emission Factor = 0. 7 lbs/1000 gallons/year 1



### NO

x 

### Emission Factor = 18 lbs/1000 gallons/yea r 1



### CO Emission Factor = 5 lbs/1000 gallons/year 1



### SO 2 

### Emission Factor = 142 lbs/1000 gallons/year  0.3% sulfur content = 0.426 lbs/1000 gallons/year 1



### PM10

- FIL Emission Fa ctor = 1.08 lbs/1000 gallons/year 2



### PM25

- FIL Emission Factor = 0.83 lbs/1000 gallons/year 2



### PM

- CON Emission Factor = 1.3 lbs/1000 gallons/year 2



### Lead Emission Factor = 0.001268 lbs/1000 gallons /year 3



### Distillate Fuel Sulfur Content = 0.3% 4

1 

### VOC, NOx, CO and SO2 emission factor s are from WEBFIRE (3//19/09).

2 

### PM emission factors are from US EPA Document

- A National Methodology and Emission Inventory for Residential Fuel
Combustion by Bernd H. Haneke presented at 2003 EPA EI conference. These emi ssion factors are primarily from AP

- 42

.

3 

### U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Emission Factors and Inventory Group. “Documentation for the 1999 Base Year Non

- point
Area Source National Emission Inventory for Hazardous Air Pollutants.” Prepared by East ern Research Group, Inc. Morrisville, NC.
September 2002.

4 

### AP

- 42

### 151

VOC Emissions for Distillate Oil :

Where:

Kerosene:

VOC Emission Factor = 0. 672 lbs/1000 gallons/year 1



### NO

x 

### Emission Factor = 17.3 lbs/1000 gallons/year 1



### CO Emission Factor = 4.8 lbs/1000 gallons/year 1



### SO 2 

### Emission Factor = 142 lbs/1000 gallons/year  0.3% sulfur content = 0.426 lbs/1000 gallons/year 1



### PM10

- FIL Emission Factor = 1 .03 lbs/1000 gallons/year 1



### PM25

- FIL Emission Factor = 0.8 lbs/1000 gallons/year 1

1 

### E mission factors for kerosene were obtained by multiplying the emission factors for distillate oil by a factor of 135/140 to convert

them for this use. This factor is based on the rati o of the heat content of kerosene (135,000 Btu/gallon) to the heat content of distillate
oil (140,000 Btu/gallon). Criteria pollutant emission factors are from AP

- 42. Distillate sulfur content (0.30%) was used for kerosene

as well

.

### 152

PM

- CON Emission Factor = 1. 25 lbs/1000 gallons/year 1



### Lead Emission Factor = 0.001268 lbs/1000 gallons/year 1



### Distillate Fuel Sulfur Content = 0.3% 1



### 2007 PA Residential Kerosene Usage = 39,702 ,000 gallons 1



### County Dwelling Units Heating with Distillate Oil or Kerosen e = 6916 (Allegheny County) 2



### 2007 State Fuel Oil/Kerosene

- Burning DUs = 1,118,774 Dwelling Units 1



### CO Emissions for Kerosene :

Since the 2005

- 2007 American C ommunity Survey did not include the six small populated counties in Pennsylvania (namely

Cameron, Forest, Fulton, Montour, Potter and Sullivan counties) in their estimations of Occu pied House Heating Fuel Units, t hese
omissions were accounted for by taking the ratio of 2005

- 7 Averaged Total County Fuel Oil /Kerosene H eated Housing Units (not
including the 6 Small Counties) to the 2007 Total State Housing Units (minus the 6 Small Counties' Housing Units) and by that
percent find the 6 Small County Fuel Oil /Ke rosene Heat ed Housing Units (HU). The following is the general equation for the

calculation of the 6 Small County Fuel Oil /Kerosene Heat ed Housing Units.

1 

### Energy Information Administration, Pennsylvania Sales of Distillate Fuel Oil and Kerosene by End Use,
http://tonto.eia.doe.gov/dnav/pet/pet_cons_821use_dcu_SPA_a.htm

, accessed May 2009.

### 153

where:

PA Total Housing Units (minus the 6 Small Counties) = 5,430,234 1



### Pa Total Fuel

- Oil/Kerosen e

- Burning DUs (not including the 6 Small Counties) = 1,109,046 2



### County (Cameron) Total Housing Units= 4,592 1

1 

### U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census, Housing Unit Estimates, Data Set 2007 Population Estimates, Note: For
information on errors stemming from model error, sampling error, and non

- sampling error, see:
http://www.census.gov/popest/topics/methodology , accessed May 2009.

2 

### U.S. Dep artment of Commerce, Bureau of the Census, B25040, “House Heating Fuel, Occupied Housing Units, 2005

- 2007
American Community Survey 3

- year Estimates, accesse d May 2009.

### 154

RESIDENTIAL L IQUIFIED P ETROLEUM G AS (LPG) (SCC 2104007000 )

Liquefied petroleu m gas (LPG) is used in residential heating. Area source LPG was estimated using fuel consumption data and AP

- 42
emission factors. Consumption data were apportioned according to the number of dwelling units heating with LPG, which was

availab le from U.S. Ce nsus Bureau data. LPG consumption was obtained from the Energy Information Administration’s State Energy

Data 2001. 1 

### Each county’s emissions were estimated using the sample calculations below.

SAMPLE CALCULATIONS:

Residential LPG for Allegheny Co. :

where:
VOC Emission Factor = 0.52 lbs/1000 gallons/year 2



### NO

x 

### Emission Factor = 13.40 lbs/1000 gallons/year 2



### CO Emission Factor = 3.80 lbs/1000 gallons/year 2



### SO 2 

### Emission Factor = 0.06 lbs/1000 gallons/year 2

1 

### Energy Information Administration (eia), State Energy Data System (SEDS) 2007, released March 2009, accessed May 2009, found

at 'http://www.eia.doe.gov/states/_seds_whats_new.html

.

2 

### Base d o n AP

- 42 nat ural gas emission factors, converted t o LPG using heat contents. ERTAC Area Inventory Comparability Project

, revised August 14, 2009, accessed August, 2009.

### 155

PM10

- FIL Emission Factor = 0.02 lbs/1000 gallons/year 2



### PM25

- FIL Emission Factor = 0.01 lbs/1000 gallons/year 2



### PM

- CON Emission Factor = 0.03 lbs/1000 gallons/year 2



### Residential LPG Consumption = 222,936,000 gallons 1



### County Dwelling Units Heating with LPG = 5318 units (Allegheny County) 1



### PA Dwelling Units Heating with LPG = 178,821 units ( plus prorated values for 6 smaller counties, see below for

calculation) 1



### VOC Emissions :

CO Emissions :

1 

### U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census, B25040, “House Heating Fuel, Occupied Housing Units, 2005

- 2007
American Community S urvey 3

- year Estimates, accessed May 2009.

### 156

Since the 2005

- 2007 American Community Survey did not include the six small populated counties in Pennsylvania (namely

Cameron, Forest, Fulton, Montour, Potter and Sulli van counties) in their estimations of Occupied House Heating Fuel Units, these
omissions were accounted for by taking the ratio of 2005

- 7 Averaged Total County LPG Heated Housing Units (not including the 6
Small Counties) to the 2007 Total State Housing Un its (minus the 6 Small Counties' Housing Units) and by that percent find the 6
Small County LPG Heated Housing Units (HU). The following is the general equation for the calculation of the 6 Small County L PG
Heated Housing Units.

where:
PA Total Housing Units (minus the 6 Small Counties) = 5,430,234 1



### Pa Total LPG

- Burning DUs (not including the 6 Small Counties) = 178,821 2



### County (Cameron) Total Housing Units= 4,592 1

1 

### U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census, Housing Unit Estimates, Data Set 2007 Population Estimates, Note: For
information on errors stemming from model error, sampling error, and non

- sampling error, see: http://www.census.gov/popest/topics/methodology , accessed May 2009.

2 

### U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census, B25040, “House Heating Fuel, Occupied Housing Units, 2005

- 2007
American Community Survey 3

- year Estimates, accessed May 2009.

### 157

R ESIDENTIAL NATURAL GAS (SCC 2104006000)

Area source natural gas was estimated using fuel consumption data 1 

### and AP

- 42 emission factors 2 

### and adjusted PM emission factors 3



### . Consumption data were apportioned according to the number of dwelling units heating with natural gas, which was available from U.S. Census Bureau data for residential sources). Each county’s emissions were estimated using the sample calculations below.

SAMPLE CALCULATIONS:

Natural Gas :

Residential Natural Gas :

1 

### Energy Information Administration

, Pennsylvania Natural Gas Residential Consumption (MMCF),

see: http://tonto.eia.doe.gov/dnav/pet/hist/n3010us2m.htm

, accessed May 2009

.

2 

### VOC (TOC*.95), NOx, CO and SO2 efs are from WEBFIRE (3//19/09).

3 

### PM emission factors were adjusted lower than the 2002 NEI to account for lower estimates for co ndensable emissions. ERTAC Area
Inventory Comparability Project , revised August 14, 2009, accessed August, 2009.

### 158

where:

VOC Emi ssion Factor = 5.5 lbs/MMCF (million cubic feet)/year 2



### NO

x 

### Emission Factor = 94 lbs/MMCF/year 2



### CO Emission Factor = 40 lbs/MMCF/year 2



### SO 2 

### Emission Factor = 0.6 lbs/MMCF/ year 2



### PM10

- FIL Emission Factor = 0. 2 lbs/MMCF/year 3



### PM25

- FIL Emission Factor = 0. 11 lbs/MMCF/year 3



### PM

- CON Emission Factor = 0.32 lbs/MMCF/year 3



### Pb Emission Factor = 0.0005 lbs/MMCF/year 2



### where:

2007 PA Residential Natural Gas Consumption = 231,258 MMCF 1



### County Dwelling Units Heating with Natural Gas = 455,921(Allegheny County) 2



### State Dwelling Units Heating wit h Natural Gas = 2,516,263 Units 2



### VOC Emissions :

1 

### Energy Information Administration

, Pennsylvania Natural Gas Residential Consumption (MMCF),

see: http://tonto.eia.doe.gov/dnav/pet/hist/n3010us2m.htm

, accessed May 2009

.

2 

### U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census, B25040, “House Heating Fuel, Occupied Housing Units, 2005

- 2007

A merican Community Survey 3

- year Estimates, accessed May 2009.

### 159

Since the 2005

- 2007 American Community Survey did not include the six small populated counties in Pennsylvania (namely

Cameron, Forest, Fulton, Montour, Potter and Sullivan counties) in their estimations of Occu pied Natural Gas Heating Dwelling

Units, t hese omissions were accounted for by taking the ratio of 2005

- 7 Averaged Total County Natural Gas H eated Dwelling Units
(not including the 6 Small Counties) to the 2007 Total State Housing Units (minus the 6 Small Counties' Housing Units) and by that
percent find the 6 Small County Natural Gas Heat ed Housing Units (HU). The following is the general equation for the calculation of

the 6 Small County N atural Gas Heat ed Dwelling Units.

### 160

where:

PA Total Housing Units (minus the 6 Small Counties) = 5,430,234 1



### Pa Total NG

- Burning Dwelling Units (not including the 6 Small Counties) = 2,494,384 2



### County (Cameron) Total Housing Units= 4,59 2 1

1 

### U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census, Housing Unit Estimates, Data Set 2007 Population Estimates, Note: For
information on errors stemming from model error, sampling error, and n on

- sampling error, see:
http://www.census.gov/popest/topics/methodology , accessed May 2009.

2 

### U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census, B25040, “House Heating Fuel, Occupied Housin g Units, 2005

- 2007
American Community Survey 3

- year Estimates, accessed May 2009.

### 161

TRAFFIC LINE PAINTING (SCC 2401008000)

Traffic paints are used to mark pavement in applications such as dividing lines for traffic lanes, parking space markings, cr osswalks,

and arr ows. The markings are usually applied by Commonwealth or local highway maintenance crews. VOC emissions result from the
evaporation of organic solvents during and shortly after application of the marking paint. Each county’s emissions were calculated by us ing county

- level lane miles totals 1 

### and a lbs VOC/lane mile emission factor 2



### . There are no point sources associated with this category.

SAMPLE VOC EMISSION CALCULATION :

where:

Emission Factor = 10.5 lbs VOC/lane mile

Lane Miles =1 2

, 525.22 (Allegheny County)

1 

### Penn DOT Bureau of Planning and Research,
http://www.dot.s tate.pa.us/Internet/Bureaus/pdPlanRes.nsf/PlanningAndResearchHomePage?OpenFrameset

2 

### ERTAC Area Inventory Comparability Project , revised August 14, 2009, accessed October, 2009.

### 162

### 163

WINERIES (SCC 2302070005)

Winery emissions result from the entrainment of ethanol by carbon dioxide during wine fermentation. Factors affecting ethanol

emission s are handling techniques, temperature, process equipment design, and fermenting parameters. Other sources of emissions
from the wine making process are blending, transferring, racking and storing of the wine.

Emissions were determined using 2007 county

- level wine production data provided by the U.S. Department of the Treasury, Alcohol

and Tobacco Tax and Trade Bureau. 1 

### Because monthly production data were available, these data were used to develop the seasonal
allocation factors for this category. The e mission factors for both red and white wines were obtained from AP

- 42. 2



### Since the emission factors for the two types of wines are different, but wine type production data are not available, wine pr oduction in
the Commonwealth was assumed to be 60 percent w hite wine and 40 percent red wine. Point source emissions, where present, were subtracted from these emission estimates. Each county’s emissions were estimated per the following sample calculations.

SAMPLE VOC EMISSION CALCULATIONS:

Annual VOC Emissio ns = (0.6  White Wine Emission Factor + 0.4  Red Wine Emission Factor)  (2007 Total Wine Production)

1 

### Alcohol and Tobacco Tax and Trade Bur eau, Department of the Treasury

, 20 07

– Wine Statistical Information.
http://www.ttb.gov/statistics/07winestats.shtml and http://www.ttb.gov/foia/frl.shtml , accessed March 2009.

2 

### From Table 9.12.2

- 1 of emission factor documentation for AP

- 42 Section 9.12.2 Wines and Brandy , October 1995, available from
http://www.epa.gov/ttn/chief/ap 42/ch09/final/c9s12

- 2.pdf

, accessed March 2009

.

### 164

where:

White Wine Emission Factor = 1.8 lbs VOC/1000 gallons white wine/year 2



### Red Wine Emission Factor = 4.6 lbs VOC/1000 gallons red wine/year 2



### 2007 Total Wine Production = 23.78 thousand gallons (Allegheny County) 1



### 2007 Summer Wine Production = 3.000 thousand gallons (Allegheny County) 1



### White Wine Production Factor = 60% of wine produced
Red Wine Production Factor = 40% of wine produced

where:

### 165

WOOD FURNITURE AND FIXTURES (SCC 2401020000)

This source category includes establishme nts engaged in the manufacture of wood home or office furniture. VOC emissions result
from the evaporation of solvents used in the finish coats and cleanup procedures. Point source emissions, where present, were

subtracted from these emission estimates. Ea ch county’s emissions were calculated according to the sample calculations below using a
per employee emission factor 1 

### and the number of employees in NAICS codes 337110, 337121, 337122, 337219, 337211, 337212 and

one half of NAIC S codes 337127, 337215 and 339111

. The number of employees in each county for 200 6 was obtained from County

Business Patterns 2



### .

SAMPLE VOC EMISSION CALCULATION:

Annual VOC Emissions = (Emission Factor)(Employees)

where:

Emission Factor = 244 lbs VOC/employee/year
Employees = 387 employees (Allegheny County)

1 

### ERTAC Area Inventory Comparability Project , revised August 14, 2009, accessed September, 2009.

2 

### National, State and County level employment data downloaded from US Census Bureau, mapping of employment fl ag letters
reported by County Business Patterns to the range and midpoints of the range, and calculated final activity data using the employment
midpoint and adjustment factor

.

### 166

### 167

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

The format and some of the wording of this document were originally created by E.H. Pechan & Associates, Inc., 3622 Lyckan
Parkway, Suite 2002, Durham, NC 27707. Updated values were inserted in place of those originally entered to reflect changes
between years 2002 and 2007. Some changes were made to correct or update comments in the document.

T HE END

# APPENDIX B3

BERKS COUNTY

AREA SOURCE ANNUAL EMISSIONS

– 2002

(Provided in Electronic Form Only)

Bureau of Air Quality
Department of Environmental Protection

### [ This page blank intentionally left blank

. ]

# APPENDIX B 4

BERKS COUNTY

AREA SOURCE ANNUAL EMISSIONS

2007, 2017, 2025

(Provided in Electronic Form Only)

Bureau of Air Quality
Department of Environmental Protection

### [ This page blank intentionally left blank

. ]

# APPENDIX D

THE READING NONATTAINMENT AREA

FOR THE 1997 ANNUAL PM2.5 NAAQS:

EMISSIONS INVENTORY USING MOVES 2010A

TECHNICAL SUPPORT DOCUMENT

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

Bureau of Air Quality
Department of Environmental Protection

### [ This page blank intentionally left blank

. ]

# APPENDIX D

The Reading Nonattainment Area

f or t he 1997 Annual PM 2.5 

# NAAQS :

Emissions Inventor y Using MOVES2010a

Technical Support Document
Mobile Source Highway Emissions Inventory

Executive Summary

June 20 1 2 Prepared for:

Mobile Sources Section, Bureau of Air Quality
Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Protection

PO Box 8468
Harrisburg, PA 17105

- 8468

Prepared by:

Michael Baker, Jr., Inc.

1304 Concourse Drive

Linthicum, MD 21090

410

- 689

- 3400

### Reading Nonattainment Area : Mobile Source Emissions Inventory
Executive Summary

June 20 1 2



# Exhibit of Contents

SUMMARY

................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ .. 1

R EVISED E MISSIONS I NVENTORY

................................ ................................ ................................ ............................... 1

A NALYSIS M ETHODOLOGY

................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ........ 2

DATA SOURCES AND ANA LYSIS TOOLS

................................ ................................ ................................ ........... 3

A NALYSIS T OOLS

................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ...................... 3

T RAFFIC D ATA S OURCE /F LEET D ATA I NPUTS

................................ ................................ ................................ ........... 4

T RAFFIC G ROWTH A SSUMPTIONS

................................ ................................ ................................ .............................. 5

V EHICLE P OPULATION G ROWTH A SSUMPTIONS

................................ ................................ ................................ ........ 6

I/M AND F UEL P ARAMETERS

................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ..... 6

M ETEOROLOGY D ATA

................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ............... 7

V EHICLE T ECHNOLOGY P ROGRAMS

................................ ................................ ................................ .......................... 8

RESOURCES

................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ............................... 9



# List of Exhibit s

E XHIBIT 1: S UMMARY OF A PPENDICES

................................ ................................ ................................ ........................... 1

E XHIBIT 2: M OTOR V EHICLE E MISSIONS U SING MOVES2010 A

................................ ................................ .................... 1

E XHIBIT 3: S UMMARY OF A NALYSIS T OOLS

................................ ................................ ................................ ................... 3

E XHIBIT 4: PPSUITE P ROCESS

................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ...... 4

E XHIBIT 5: VMT G ROWTH A SSUMPTIONS

................................ ................................ ................................ ...................... 6



# Summary of Appendices

Appendix D

- 1: Mobile Source Highway Emissions Inventory

– An Explanation of Methodology

Appendix D

- 2: Emission Results for PM2.5 (PM2.5, PM10, VOC, CO, NOx, SO2, NH3)

(By Year, Road Type

, Source Type and Process )

Appendix D

- 3 : MO VES Sample Input FilesReading Nonattainment Area Emissions Inventory : Ex ecutive Summary 1



## SUMMARY

This technical appendix supports the PM 2.5 State Implementation Plan (SIP) for the Reading (Berks
County) Area

. To meet emission inventory requirements of section 172(c)(3) of the Clean Air Act, a
regional mobile source highway inventory has been prepared for direct and precursor PM 2.5 emissions

. Emissions are estimated for the 2002, 2007, 2017 and 2025 analysis years. The pollutants includ ed in the
inventory are primary emissions (including condensibles) of PM 2.5 and PM 10 and the precursor emissions

of VOC, CO, NOx, SO 2 , and NH 3

.

On March 2, 2010, EPA officially released MOVES2010a to be used for all SIP submittals and future
transportatio n conformity analyses after a grac e period through March 2, 2012. On February 15, 2012,
EPA extended the grace period to March 2, 2013

. This state implementation plan provides emission
inventory for the 2002, 2007, 2017 and 2025 analysis years using MOVES2010a

.

Appendix D has been provided to summarize the methodology and analysis results for the motor vehicle

emissions inventory. To complement this executive summary, attachments have been provided with
additional detail regarding the analysis metho dology, the MOVES input parameters, and the output

vehicle miles of travel ( VMT ) and emission results for the Reading Nonattainment Area . These include:



### Exhibit 1 : Summary of Appendices

Appendix Title Description

D

- 1 Explanation of Methodology Provides a detailed summary of the methodology used to

calculate the VMT and emissions.

D

- 2 ( PM 2.5 , PM 10 ,V OC, CO, NOx,

SO 2 , and NH 3 )

Emission Results Provides annual emission exhibits by county, road type

, source type and process categories in 200 2, 2007, 2017

and 20 25.

D

- 3 MOVES Sample

Input File Provides examples of the MOVES input files.



## Revised Emissions Inventory

A summary of the motor vehicle emissions for the Reading Area is provided in Exhibit 2

. The emission
estimates for all pollutants have been developed using the MOVES2010a emission model an d latest
planning assumptions. Emissions have been estimated for 2002 , 2007, 2017 and 20 25

.



### Exhibit 2 : Motor Vehicle Emission s Using MOVES2010 a

( Short Tons/ Year

)

Pollutants/

Year PM 2.5 PM 10 VOC CO NOX SO2 NH3

2002 459.40 529.71 5,237.22 70,969.47 14,922.22 306.11 180.26

2007 382.80 451.98 4,414.52 53,150.41 11,374.13 80.83 163.14

2017 173.69 246.01 2,385.90 34,451.46 5,217.68 29.42 118.21

2025 126.88 214.44 1,501.37 29,871.62 3,380.55 31.53 116.49Reading Nonattainment Area Emissions Inventory : Ex ecutive Summary 2



## Analysis Methodology

Guidance documents from EPA were used to develop the base and future year emissions inventories for

the Reading Nonattainment Area . They include:

 Policy Guidance on the Use of MO VES2010 for SIP Development, Transportation
Conformity

, and Other Purposes

, US EPA Office of Air and Radiation, EPA

- 420

- B

- 09

- 046, December 2009

.

 Technical Guidance on the Use of MO VES 20 10 for Emission Inventory Preparation in
State Implementation Plans and Transportation Conformity , US EPA Office of Air and
Radiation, and Office of Transportation and Air Quality, EPA

- 420

- B

- 10

- 023, April

20 10

.

 Motor Vehicle Emission Simulator, User Guide for MOVES2010a, EPA

- 420

- B

- 10

- 0 36

, Aug ust 20 10

.

The highway m obile source emission inventory was developed using available travel data and EPA’s

MOVES2010 a emission model. The methodologies used to produce the emission data conform to the recommendations provided in EPA’s Technical Guidance

. A mix of local data and national default

(internal to MO VES 2010a ) data has been used for this submission. Local data has been used for the
primary data items that have a significant impact on emissions. These include:

 Vehicle miles of travel ( VMT ) by vehicle type

.

 Average s peed d istribution

.

 Vehicle type mixes

.

 Source t ype p opulation (for light

- duty vehicles)

.

 Vehicle age distribution

.

 Hourly distributions

.

 Meteorology data

.

 Inspection/Maintenance p rogram

.

 Fuel s upply

.

For this submission, the 2002 b ase year traffic data source and environmental assumptions are consistent
with past analyses and submissions . For the rest of the years, m ost local data inputs to the analysis
process reflect the latest planning assumptions based on 200 8 data obtained fro m the Pennsylvania
Department of Transportation ( PennDOT )

, the Bureau of Motor Vehicles , and other local/national

sources

. N ewer data was availa ble and was used for traffic forecast growth rates

, control strategies (e.g.
Inspection

- Maintenance programs)

, vehicle age distributions and fuel characteristics.

The analysis methodology is consistent with past statewide inventory efforts including the 200 8 National
Emissions Inventory (NEI) submission. This includes the use of custom post processing software to calculate hourly speeds and prepare key traffic input files to the MOVES2010 a emission model. A
detailed methodology is provided in Appendix D

- 1

. The following sections address the key input data
sources and analysis tools used for the emissions inve ntory for the Reading Area

.Reading Nonattainment Area Emissions Inventory : Ex ecutive Summary 3



## DATA SOURCES AND ANALYSIS TOOLS

This section provides a summary of the key input data and analys is tools used for producing the emission s inventory. The key elements to the modeling protocol are described in the section s below. A more
detailed description of the analysis process and tools is provided in the methodology report s in Appendix

D

- 1 through D

- 3

.



## Analysis Tools

The mobile vehicle emissions inventory analysis utilizes several key software/programs for producing the
county emissions totals. These tools are outlined in Exhibit 3

.



### Exhibit 3 : Summary of Analysis Tools

Tool Purpose

MO VES 2010 a Produces emission rates for primary

emissions (including condensibles) of PM 2.5 and PM 10 and the precursor emissions of

VOC, CO, NOx, SO 2 , and NH 3

PPSUITE Processes the highway data ; Calculates

hourly congested speeds for each state
roadway segment ; Prepares MO VES 2010a
input files ; Processes MO VES 2010a output

files into a summary report

.

CENTRAL Provides a batch menu driven process to

execute PPSUITE, MOVES 2010a and other

MYSQL steps.

The inventory reflects the highway mobile source emission estimations using EPA’s MO VES 2010a

emission model. EPA’s MOVES model was officially released on March 2, 2010 and was followed with

a revised versi on (MOVES2010a) in August 2010. Subsequent to the start of this analysis, EPA released

a newer version, MOVES2010b, in April 2012; however, t he emission rates for criteria pollutants remain
consistent to previous versions. The MOVES 2010a model provides a more robust estimate of emissions
as compared to its predecessor MOBILE6.2. MOVES2010a has been integrated with local traffic, vehicle

fleet , environmental, fuel, and control strategy data to estimate emissions

.

PPSUITE represents an enhanced version of the Post Processor for Air Quality (PPAQ) software system
that has been used for previous inventory and conformity submissions in Pennsylvani a. The software has

under gone significant revision s to ensure consistency with the MO VES 2010a . PPSUITE was used to
calculate hourly congested speeds for each roadway link, apply vehicle type fractions, aggregate VMT,
prepare MOVES 2010a traffic

- related input files and process MOVES 2010a outputs

.

The PPSUITE software and process methodologies are consistent with that used for state inventories and
transportation conformity analyses throughout Pennsylvania

. Exhibit 4 summarizes the key functions of

PPSUITE.Reading Nonattainment Area Emissions Inventory : Ex ecutive Summary 4

CENTRAL is a menu

- driven software platform that execute s the PPSUITE and MOVES 2010a processes

in batch mode. The software allows users to execute runs for a variety of input options and integrates
custom MYSQL steps into the process. CENTRAL provides important quality control and assurance
steps including file naming and storage automation.



## Traffic Data Source/Fleet Data Inputs

Traffic Volume D ata : The PennDOT Roadway Management System (RMS) data serves as the primary
highway data source for the county and functional class VMT estimates. The data source is used to provide a “snapshot” of the regional roadway system and traffic volumes in 2002 a nd 2008 (consistent
with past triennial updates of traffic data). The 2008 data is also integrated with traffic signal locations.
The data includes the average annual daily traffic (AADT) volumes for all state roadways in
Pennsylvania. To account for add itional local roadway VMT and to ensure consistency with reported
Highway Performance Monitoring System ( HPMS ) VMT totals, the V MT totals estimated from

PennDOT’s RMS are adjusted to match the annual 2002 and 2008 HPMS VMT totals respectively, as
reported to FHWA. For analysis year 2007, VMT is adjusted to match the annual 2007 HPMS VMT

total.

Seasonal Adjustments : Within MOVES, annual VMT is split to monthly sub

- totals and then to
weekdays and weekends using seasonal factors

. The monthly seasonal factors are developed from data

contained in the document s

, 200 2 Pennsylvania Traffic Data and 2008 Pennsylvania Traffic Data

, prepared by PennDOT’s Bureau of Planning and Research (BPR). The seasonal and daily factors
provided in this document are based on statistical analyses of 2002 and 2008 traffic counts taken at
permanent and in

- pavement ATR (automatic traffic recorder) locations throughout the state. 

### Exhibit 4 : PPSUITE ProcessReading Nonattainment Area Emissions Inventory : Ex ecutive Summary 5

Congested Speeds : B ased on the average annual daily traffic, a single set of hourly speed distributi ons are estimated by the PPSUITE post processing system and input to MOVES. To disaggregate the daily
RMS volumes to hourly volumes, auto and truck hourly pattern data from PennDOT’s 2002 Pennsylvania
Traffic Data and 200 8 Pennsylvania Traffic Data report s are used to determine the tempora l variations in

traffic volumes

.

Vehicle Population : Vehicle population is a key input that has an important impact on start and
evaporative emissions. MOVES 2010a requires the number of vehicles by 13 source types to de termine
evaporative emissions. State 2002 and 2008 vehicle registration data (consistent with past triennial
updates of traffic data) was used to estimate vehicle population for light

- duty vehicles and school buses.
The data was split to source types usi ng MOVES 2010a default population data. For transit buses, data

from PennDOT and the National Transit Database (NTD) was used to estimate transit bus populations by

county

. For all other heavy

- duty vehicles, PPSUITE calculates vehicle population based on the analysis
year VMT for each source type and default MOVES 2010a ratios of VMT and source type population (e.g.
the number of miles per vehicle by source type).

VMT by Source Type : The total VMT is disaggregated to the 13 MOVES 2010a source types. For th is
inventory, the vehicle mix was calculated for each county and functional class grou ping utilizing a

combination of:

 2002 and 2008 RMS truck percentages

 2008 PennDOT and NTD transit data

 2008 school bus registration data

EPA’s MOVES 2010a default distribution of VMT by source type was used to determine the remaining

source type VMT percentages. The development of vehicle type pattern data input to the MO VES 2010a

software is described in more detail in Appendix D

- 1

.

Vehicle Age Dis tribution : Vehicle age distributions are required to be input by 13 source types . The
distributions reflect the percentage of vehicles in the fleet up to 31 years old

. The 2002 vehicle age

distributions have been used for th e 2002 emissions inventory

. A recent 2010 registration download from

PennDOT’s Bureau of Motor Vehicles Registration Database has indicated a substantially older fleet than

recorded in the 2002

- 2008 period

. As a result, t he 2010 vehicle age distributions have been used for this

inve ntory

. Due to insufficient data, only data for light

- duty vehicles are used as local inputs ; and heavy

duty vehicle ages are calculated using the internal MOVES 2010a defaults for each Pennsylvania County

. The registration data download is based on M OBILE 6.2 vehicle categories

. T he data was converted to
source types using the EPA convertor spreadsheets provided with the MOVES2010a emission model.



## Traffic Growth Assumptions

Traffic growth forecasting plays a pivotal role in estimating future year emi ssions for the region. There
are many uncertainties affecting projections of traffic growth including the current economic conditions,
potential fuel prices, the impacts of natural gas industry activities in many counties throughout the state,

and the future growth in population and employment. Growth rates for this emissions inventory were

based on an assessm ent of available data sources including the regional travel model maintained by the
Berks County Planning Commission (BCPC) and PennDOT’s BPR gro wth rate forecasting system.

All SIP mobile source highway inventories include the review and assessment of county

- specific growth

rates from a Penn DOT study originally completed in 2005 and documented in the report, Statistical
Evaluation of Projected Tr affic Growth, Traffic Growth Forecasting System: Final Report, March 14,

2005

. As part of that study, a statewide traffic growth forecasting system was developed that incorporatesReading Nonattainment Area Emissions Inventory : Ex ecutive Summary 6

traffic data from P enn DOT’s Traffic Information System and socioeconomic fo recasts. That forecasting
system is maintained by the PennDOT BPR and is updated on a periodic basis. This system was last
updated in December of 2009 to develop new statistical relationships between historic VMT growth and
population (thru 2008). The f orecast population was estimated from the Woods and Poole data “2010

State Profile”. The results of the study have been shared between P enn DOT, PaDEP, and other
Interagency Consultation Group members

, including the P ennsylvania Transportation

- Air Qualit y Work
Group ( which also includes EPA, FHWA, and representatives from larger MPOs within the state )

.

The growth rates from the PennDOT BPR forecasting sy s tem are evaluated against other available data
including travel model growth and other insights. For the development of MVEBs, upper estimates of the
VMT growth range are used for the forecast analyses. From an air quality perspective, the use of the
upper bound ary is conservative, and provides for factors outside P enn DOT or PaDEP control (e.g.,
potential socio

- economic growth above current forecasts, fleet age distributions, vehicle type distribution)

that influence motor vehicle emissions. Exhibit 5 summarizes the assumed projected growth of VMT for
future analysis years in the Reading Nonattainment Area

.



### Exhibit 5 : VMT Growth Assumptions

Analysis

Year Total Growth

from 200 2 Annualized Growth Rate

from Previous Year

200 2

---- ---- 200 7 6. 2 % 1. 2 %

2017 26.0% 1.7%

2025 47.9% 2.1%



## Vehicle Population Growth Assumptions

Vehicle population growth forecasting plays a n important key role in determining emissions for future

year s for the region . For this inventory, v ehicle population was forecasted considering the growth from

three different sources:

 Household growth

 Population Growth

 VMT Growth

The household and population data w ere obtained from the PennDOT study documented in the report as

discussed above, Statistical Evaluation o f Projected Traffic Growth, Traffic Growth Forecasting System:
Final Report, March 14, 2005

. The forecast household and population w ere estimated from the Woods

and Poole data “2010 State Profile”. The final growth rate was calculated assuming the highes t growth
rate of household and population data but then limiting it to the VMT growth rate. This methodology has
been used for past conformity analyses and has been accepted using the interagency consultation process
(Pennsylvania Air Quality Workgroup).



## I/M and Fuel Parameters

I/M Program: The i nspection m aintenance (I/M) program inputs to the MO VES 2010a model are based
on past and current programs within each county (all Pennsylvania I/M programs are based on county

boundaries). All analysis year s include Pennsylvania’s statewide program

. The MOVES 2010a model

ha s simplified the I/M program input parameter s compared to MOBILE6.2

. The default I/M programReading Nonattainment Area Emissions Inventory : Ex ecutive Summary 7

parameters included in MOVES 2010a were examined for each county and necessary changes made to th e defaults to match the actual local program.

In order to assure that emission controls are working properly, vehicle inspection and maintenance (I/M)
programs have been adopted in some nonattainment areas. These programs have the added benefit of
improv ing the fuel efficiency of vehicles

. The Pennsylvania inspection and maintenance (I/M) program
was upgraded and expanded throughout the state with a phase

- in period starting in September 2003 and
fully implemented by June 2004.

The program requirements vary by region (five regions) and include on

- board diagnostics (OBD) technology that uses the vehicle’s computer for model years 1996 and newer to identify potential engine
and exhaust system problems that could a ffect emissions. The program, named PAOBDII, is
implemented by region, as follows:

 Philadelphia Region

- Bucks, Chester, Delaware, Montgo mery and Philadelphia Counties

 Pittsburgh Region

- Allegheny, Beaver, Washin gton and Westmoreland Counties

 South Cen tral and Lehigh Valley Region

- Berks, Cumberland, Dauphin, Lancaster, Lebanon,
Lehigh, Northampton and York Counties

 North Region

- Blair, Cambria, Centre, Erie, Lackawanna, Luzerne , Lycoming, and Mercer

Counties

The OBDII program is implemented in Phila delphia and Pittsburgh along with tailpipe (idle in Pittsburgh
and idle and ASM in Philadelphia) and gas cap tests. Tests in other regions include:

 Subject vehicles registered in the South Central and Lehigh Valley counties receive the visual,
OBD and ga s cap tests.

 Subject vehicles registered in the North region receive a gas cap test and visual inspection.

 Subject vehicles registered in the other 42 counties (67 total counties) receive a visual inspection

as part o f the annual safety inspection.

Fue l Assumptions : The MOVES 2010a default fuel formulation and fuel supply data were reviewed and
updated based on available local volumetric fuel property information. The gasohol market penetration

and RVP values were updated but MOVES 2010a default data was used for the remaining parameters. Updated assumptions included:

 Using 8.7 RVP for summer months

.

 Conventional gasoline used throughout the year for analysis year s 2002

.

 32% market share of conventional gasoline and 68% market share of 10% ethanol used
throughout the year for analysis year 2007

.

 10% ethanol used throughout the year for analysis year s 201 7 and 2025

.



## Meteorolog

y Data

Updated weather information has been obtained from WeatherBank, Inc. ( www.weatherbank.com ). The

10

- year (1998

- 2008) average minimum and maximum monthly temperature and relative humidity values

were obtained for each of the 9 airport locations in Pennsylvania.

The MOVES 2010a model requires temperature and relative humidity data for each hour of the day and

for all the 12 months for the annual analysis. EPA’s data converters were used to convert minimum and
maximum daily temperatures to an hourly temperature profile that could be in put to MOVES 2010a

. These assumptions are consistent with the 2008 NEI inventory submission.Reading Nonattainment Area Emissions Inventory : Ex ecutive Summary 8



## Vehicle Technology Programs

Federal Programs

Current f ederal vehicle emissions control and fuel programs are incorporated into the MO VES 2010a

software. The se i nclude the National Program standards covering model year vehicles through 2016.
Modifications of default emission rates are required to reflect the early implementation of the National
Low Emission Vehicle Program (NLEV) program in Pennsylvania. To refl ect these impacts, EPA has
released instructions and input files that can be used to model these impacts. This inventory utilized the
August 2010 version of the files ( http://www.epa.gov/oms/mo dels/moves/tools.htm ).

State Programs

The Pennsylvania Clean Vehicles (PCV) Program, adopted in 1998, incorporated the California Low
Emission Vehicle Program (CA LEVII) by reference

, although it allowed automakers to comply with the
NLEV program as an alternative to this Pennsylvania program until MY 2006. Beginning with MY 2008, “new” passenger cars and light

- duty trucks with a gross vehicle weight rating (GVWR) of 8,500 pounds

or l ess that are sold or leased and titled in Pennsylvania must be certified by the California Air Resources Board (CARB) or be certified for sale in all 50 states. For this program, a “new” vehicle is a qualified
vehicle with an odometer reading less than 7,5 00 miles. Pa DEP and PennDOT worked with the
automobile manufacturers, dealers and other interested business partners and finalized procedures for
complying with these new requirements. DEP focus es its outreach effort with the manufacturers and

dealers re garding what vehicles can be offered for sale and how to certify that the vehicles are compliant.

PennDOT’s role is to ensure licensing and registration records include these certifications of compliance
or that the vehicle owner qualifies for an exemptio n to the requirements. In all cases, DEP will use information obtained during PennDOT’s title and registration process to oversee and audit, as needed,
certain vehicle title transactions to determine compliance to the program.

The impacts of this progra m are modeled for a ll analysis years beyond 2008 using the same instructions
and tools as downloaded for the early NLEV analysis. EPA provided input files to reflect the CAL LEVII
program. Modifications to those files were made to reflect a 2008 start da te for Pennsylvania.Reading Nonattainment Area Emissions Inventory : Ex ecutive Summary 9



## RESOURCES

Motor Vehicle Emission Simulator, User Guide for MOVES2010a, EPA

- 420

- B

- 10

- 036, August 2010.

Technical Guidance on the Use of MOVES 20 10 for Emission Inventory Preparation in State
Implementation Plans and Transportation Conformity , US EPA Office of Air and Radiation, and Office
of Transportation and Air Quality, EPA

- 420

- B

- 10

- 023, April 2010.

200 8 Pennsylvania Traffic Data

, P enn DOT Bureau of Planning and Research, 200 8

.

Policy Guidance on the Use of MOVES2010 for SIP D evelopment, Transportation Conformity

, and Other

Purposes , US EPA Office of Air and Radiation, EPA

- 420

- B

- 09

- 046, December 2009.

Instructions for Using LEV and NLEV Inputs for MOVES, US EPA, EPA

- 420

- B

- 10

- 003a, August 2010.

Statistical Evaluation of Projected Traffic Growth, Traffic Growth Forecasting System: Final Report,

Michael Baker Jr., Inc., March 14, 2005.

Metrological Data from Weather Bank, Inc., www.weatherbank.com

# APPENDIX D 1

BERKS COUNTY

AN EXPLANATION OF METHODOLOGY

Bureau of Air Quality
Department of Environmental Protection

### [ This page blank intentionally left blank

. ]

# APPENDIX D

- 1

Berks County

- An Explanation of MethodologyAn Explanation of Methodology 

### Explanation of Methodology

June 20 1 2



# TABLE OF CONTENTS

INTRODUCTION

................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ....................... 1

O VERVIEW OF E MISSIONS I NVENTORIES

................................ ................................ ................................ .................... 1

H IGHWAY V EHICLE E MISSION I NVENT ORIES

................................ ................................ ................................ ............. 1

WHERE DOES PENNSYLVA NIA OBTAIN ITS DATA?

................................ ................................ ..................... 4

S UMMARY OF MOVES I N PUTS

................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ .. 4

V EHICLE M ILES OF T RAVEL (VMT)

................................ ................................ ................................ .......................... 5

A DJUSTMENTS TO R OADWAY D ATA

................................ ................................ ................................ .......................... 8

V EHICLE T YPE P ROCESSING

................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ...... 9

V EHICLE F LEET AND P OPULATION D ATA

................................ ................................ ................................ ................ 10

E NVIRONMENTAL

, F UEL AND T ECHNOLOGY A SSUMPTIONS

................................ ................................ .................... 11

SPEED/EMISSION ESTIM ATI ON PROCEDURE

................................ ................................ .............................. 12

V OLUME /VMT D EVELOPMENT

................................ ................................ ................................ ............................... 12

S PEED /D ELAY D ETERMINATION

................................ ................................ ................................ .............................. 15

HPMS AND VMT A DJUSTMENTS

................................ ................................ ................................ ............................ 16

MOVES E MISSIONS R UN

................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ........ 17

RESOURCES

................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ............................. 18

HIGHWAY VEHICLE INVE NTORY GLOSSARY

................................ ................................ ............................. 19



## List of Exhibits

E XHIBIT 1: S UMMARY OF PPSUITE P ROCESS

................................ ................................ ................................ ................ 3

E XHIBIT 2: MOVES L OCAL D ATA I NPUT S UMMARY

................................ ................................ ................................ ..... 4

E XHIBIT 3: P ENN DOT U RBA N /R URAL AND F UNCTIONAL C LASS C ODES

................................ ................................ ....... 6

E XHIBIT 4: E MISSION F ACTOR VS

. S PEED V ARIANCES (PM2.5)

................................ ................................ ..................... 7

E XHIBIT 5: MOVES S OURCE T YPES AND HPMS V EHICLE G ROUPS

................................ ................................ .............. 9

E XHIBIT 6: PPSUITE S PEED / E MISSION E STIMATION P ROCEDURE

................................ ................................ .............. 13Appendix D

- 1 1



## INTRODUCTION

The purpose of this document is to explain how the Pennsylvania Department of Environmental
Protection (Department) estimates emissions from highway vehicles for inclusion in its emission
inventories and State Implementation Plans.



## Overview of Emissions Inventories

The Department’s inventories generally categorize e missions into four categories:

 H ighway vehicles

.

 S tationary sources (major industrial, commercial and utility sources)

.

 A rea sources (smaller industrial/commercial sources, consumer products)

.

 N onroad mobile sources (including construction and agricultura l equipment, lawn and garden
equipment)

.

An evaluation of emissions from point, area, and mobile sources is needed to develop a complete
inventory needed for a maintenance demonstration plan. This documentation addresses the mobile source
activity and em issions for base and future years used to support such a demonstration.

Of all of the sources of air pollution, only the emissions of some stationary sources are measured directly
and continuously through instrumentation. Emissions from all other sour ces must be modeled based on

available local data , including those from highway vehicles. In their very simplest form, estimates of
emissions follow the following pattern:

Emission rate x activity level = emissions per time period (usually day or year)

Most emission rates have been developed by the U

. S

. Environmental Protection Agency ( EPA ) , in
cooperation with industry and states, and are compiled and documented in to key references or emission

models. These include Compilation of Air Pollution Emission Factors (AP

- 42)

, the Motor Vehicle

Emission Simulator (MOVES) model, and the NONROAD model. Adding up the products of the
emission rates and activity levels for all sources of a given pollutant constitutes the emissi on inventory for
that pollutant.



## Highway Vehicle Emission Inventories

Highway vehicles contribute significantly to air pollution, particularly to ground

- level ozone, which is the

most persistent air pollutant in Pennsylvania. Ground

- level 

### o zone is not em itted directly to the
atmosphere, but is formed by photochemical reactions between volatile organic compounds
(VOCs) and oxides of nitrogen (NO

x 

### ) in the presence of sunlight. The long, hot, humid days of
summer are particularly conducive to ozone formatio n, so ozone levels are of concern primarily
during the months of May through September. Both VOCs and NOx are emitted from highway
vehicles. In addition, fine particulates are also emitted directly by motor vehicles as a result of the
combustion process (tailpipe emissions), re

- entrained and transportation construction dust; and formed
through reactions in the atmosphere among the precursors VOC, CO, NOx, NH3 and SOx.
Pennsylvania’s PM

- related emission inventory efforts focus on these pollutants.Appendix D

- 1 2

Obviou sly, direct measurement of emission levels from all vehicles in use is impossible. In comparison
to highway vehicles, estimating residential heating emissions is a fairly simple calculation because there
is a constant emission rate and a fairly simple mea sure of activity. However, f or highway vehicles
estimating the emission rate and activity levels of all vehicles on the road during a typical summer day is
a complicated endeavor.

If every vehicle emitted the same amount of pollution all the time, one could simply multiply those
emission standards (emission rate in grams of pollution per mile) times the vehicle miles traveled ( VMT )

to estimate total emissions. But emission rates fr om all vehicles vary over the entire range of conditions
under which they operate. These variables include air temperature, speed, traffic conditions, o perating

mode and fuel characteristics . The inventory must also account for non

- exhaust or evaporative emissions.
In addition, the fleet is composed of several generations and types of vehicles with different emission
control technologies. This requires the estimation algorithm include the composition of the fleet (vehicle
ages and types)

.

In order to estimate both the rate at which emissions are being generated and to calculate vehicle miles
traveled (activity level), Pennsylvania examines its road network and fleet to estimate vehicle activity.

For ozone

- related inventories, this is done for a typical summer weekday. For c arbon m onoxide (CO) and

p articulate m atter (PM) emission inventories, this may be done for a typical winter weekday , summer weekday and/ or annual conditions. Not only must this be done for a baseline year, but it must a lso be
projected into the future. This process involves a large quantity of data and is extremely complex.

Computer models have been developed to perform these calculations by simulating the travel of vehicles on the Commonwealth’s roadway system. The models also generate emission s rates (also called emission
factors) for different vehicle types for area

- specific conditions

, and then combine them in summary form.

The area

- specific conditions include vehicle and highway data, plus control measure c haracteristics and
future year projections of all variables. The key models used to generate this mobile source emissions
inventory are:

MO VES : EPA’s MOVES model was officially released on March 2, 2010 and was followed with a

revised version (MOVES2 010a) in August 2010. The MOVES model provides a more robust estimate of
emissions as compared to its predecessor MOBILE6.2. MOVES calculates average in

- use fleet emission s

for each of thirteen categories of vehicles under various conditions affecting in

- use emission levels (e.g.,
ambient temperatures, average traffic speeds, gasoline volatility) as specified by the model user.

For this mobile source inventory, Pennsylvania used MOVES2010a as approved by EPA. MOVES can
be used to estimate national, state, and county level inventories of criteria air pollutants, precursors, greenhouse gas emissions, and some mobile source air toxics from highway vehicles. Additionally,
MOVES can make projections for energy cons umption (total, petroleum

- based, and fossil

- based).

PPSUITE : For the Department’s highway emissions inventory, a post processor named PPSUITE
(formerly named PPAQ

- Post Processor for Air Quality) is used , which consists of a set of programs that
perform the following functions:

 Analyzes highway operating conditions

.

 Calculates highway speeds

.

 Compiles vehicle miles of travel (VMT) and vehicle type mix data

.

 Prepares MO VES runs and processes MOVES outputs.

PPSUITE is a widely used and accepted tool for estimating speeds and processing emission s rat es. The
software is based upon accepted transportation engineering methodologies. For example, PPSUITE uses speed and delay estimation procedures based on planning methods provided in the Highway CapacityAppendix D

- 1 3

Manual , a report prepared by the Transportation Research Board (TRB) summarizing current knowledge
and analysis techniques for capacity and level

- of

- service analyses of the transportation system.

The PPSUITE process is integral to producing key input fil es to the MOVES emission model. Exhibit 1
summarizes the key functions of PPSUITE and the traffic

- related input files prepared for the MOVES
County Data Manager (CDM).



### Exhibit 1 : Summary of PPSUITE Process

The following sections summarize the key data and methodologies used to produce the mobile source
emissions inventory. This includes a summary of local data sources and a step

- by

- step review of the
speed calculation process. The emission data and pr ocess has been developed according to
recommendations provided by EPA in key policy and technical guidance as provided below:

 Policy Guidance on the Use of MOVES2010 for SIP Development, Transportation

Conformity , and Other Purposes , US EPA Office of Air and Radiation, EPA

- 420

- B

- 09

- 046, December 2009.

 Technical Guidance on the Use of MOVES2010 for Emission Inventory Preparation in
State Implementation Plans and Transportation Conformity , US EPA Office of Air and
Radiation, and Office of Transportation and Air Quality, EPA

- 420

- B

- 10

- 023, April

2010.

The process has focused on developing an emissions inventory using the available tools and data to its

fullest extent. This includes the use of available local data for items that have a significant impact on
emissions and applying a robust calculation process to estimate hourly traffic speeds.Appendix D

- 1 4



## WHERE DOES PENNSYLVANIA OBTAIN ITS DATA?

Summary of MOVES Inputs

A large number of inputs to MO VES are needed to fully account for the numerous vehicle and
environmental parameters that affect emissions . These include traffic flow characteristics (as determined
from the PPSUITE software), vehicle descriptions, fuel parameters, inspection/maintenance p rogram parameters, and environmental varia bles

. MOVES includes a default national database of meteorology,
vehicle fleet, vehicle activity, fuel, and emission control program data for every county ; but EPA cannot
certify that the default data is the most c urrent or best available information for any specific area

. As a

result, local data is recommended for use for analyses supporting s tate i mplementation p lans (SIPs)

.

A mix of local and default data is used for this inventory. Local data sources are used for all inputs that
have a significant impact on calculated emission rates. Exhibit 2 summarizes Pennsylvania

- specific
inputs assembled and used for this inventory

. These data items are discussed in the following sections.



### Exhibit 2 : MOVES Local Data Input Summary

Traffic Vehicle Fuel Inspection Environmental

Data D escriptions Parameters Maintenance Variables

Vehicle Type Vehicle Type RVP Start Year H ourly

VMT Mix Model Year s Temperatures

Vehicle Vehicle Age Sulfur T est Standards

, Population Distribution Level Source Types, Humidity

Frequency

VMT Average Speeds Et hanol Stringency,

Fractions (PPSUITE) Volume Waiver Rate,

(PPSUITE) Compliance

Road Type Hourly Refueling

Distribution Distributions Controls

(PPSUITE)

R amp

Fraction

(PPSUITE)

Emission RatesAppendix D

- 1 5



## Vehicle Miles of Travel (VMT)

The VMT input to emissions calculations for Pennsylvania is based on information from the Roadway
Management System (RMS) maintained by the Pennsylvania Department of Transportation’s

( P enn DOT’s ) Bureau of Planning and Research (BPR) . P ennD OT obtains this information from periodic
visual and electronic traffic counts. RMS data is dynamic

, since it is continually reviewed and updated

from new traffic coun ts and field visits conducted by P enn DOT. Information on roadways included in the
National Highway System is reviewed at least annually, while information on other roadways is reviewed
at least biennially.

On a triennial basis, a current “snapshot” of t he RMS database is taken and downloaded to provide an up

to

- date record of the Commonwealth’s highway system for estimating emissions. Th is emissions
inventory is based on the most current snapshot of the RMS data.

The RMS database contains all state hi ghways, including the Pennsylvania Turnpike, divided into
segments approximately 0.5 miles in length. These segments are usually divided at important
intersections or locations where there is a change in the physical characteristics of the roadway (e.g. t he

number of lane s changes). There are approximately 99,000 state highway segments for the 67
Pennsylvania counties contained in the RMS. Each of these segments contains an abundance of
descriptive data, but only the following information is extracted fo r emission calculations:

 Lanes

.

 Distances

.

 Volumes representing Average Annual Daily Traffic (AADT)

.

 Truck percentages

.

 P enn DOT urban/rural classifications

.

 P enn DOT functional class codes

.

 Number of signals (based on linkage to PennDOT GIS signal location data)

.

RMS volumes and distances are used in calculating highway VMT totals for each county. As discussed
in the next section, adjustments are needed to convert the volumes to reflect annual conditions. In

addition, the traffic volumes must be forecast to support future year emission inventories. Lane values
and traffic signals are an important input for determining the congestion and speeds for individual
highway segments. Truck percentages are used in the speed determination process and are used to split
volumes to individual vehicle types used by the MO VES software.

R oad segments are classified by function, as well as whether it is located in an urban, small urban or rural

area, as indicated below in Exhibit 3 . The P enn DOT urban/rural (UR) and functional classes (FC) are
important indicators of the type and function of each roadway segment

. The variables provide insights

into other characteristics not contained in t he RMS data that are used for speed and emission calculations.Appendix D

- 1 6 

### Exhibit 3 : PennDOT Urban/Rural and Functional Class Codes

Urban/Rural Code 1=Rural

2=Small Urban

3=Urban

Functional Class Rural Functional Classes Used Urban Functional Classes Used

For Rural Areas For Small Urban and Urban Areas

------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------ 1=Rural Freeway 11=Urban Freeway
2=Rural Other Principal Arterial 12 =Urban Expressway

6=Rural Minor Arterial 14=Urban Principal Arterial
7=Rural Major Collector 16=Urban Minor Arterial

8=Rural Minor Collector 17=Urban Collector

9=Rural Local 19=Urban Local

Additional Network Information: The PPSUITE s oftware system allows for many additional variables
other than those available in the RMS database. Using these variables improves the ability of the

Department to incorporate real roadway conditions into its estimates. The variables include information
regarding free

- flow speeds and capacities, signal characteristics and other physical roadway features that can affect a roadway’s calculated congested speed. This data can be determined from lookup tables based
on a roadway segment’s urban/rural code and functional class. Much of the lookup table data was
developed from i nformation contained in the Highway Capacity Manua l

, PennDOT information on
speeds and signal densities , and other e ngineering judgment

.

MOVES Traffic Inputs: The PPSUITE software uses RMS traffic data to prepare key inputs to the

MOVES emission model including :

 VMT

.

 T ravel speeds

.

 R oad type distributions

.

 Ramp fractions

.

VMT is the primary traffic input that affects emission results. The roadway segment distances and traffic

volumes are used to prepare estimates of VMT. PPSUITE performs these calculations and outputs the
MOVES annual VMT input file to the County Data Manager (CDM).

Emissions for many pollutants (including PM and precursors) vary significantly with travel speed. For
PM, higher emission rates are associated with lower speeds and lower rates are associated with higher
speeds, as illustrated in Exhibit 4. To obtain the best estimate of vehicle speeds, the Department uses the
PPSUITE set of programs, whose primary function is to calculate speeds and to organize and simplify the
handling of large amounts of data needed for calculating speeds and for preparing MOVES input files

. The PPSUITE software prepares the MOVES vehicle hours of travel (VHT) by speed bin file which
summarizes the distribution of speeds across all links into each of 16 MOVES speed bins for each hour of
the day. This robust process ensures that MOVES emission rates are used to the fullest extent and is

consistent with the methods and recommendat ions provided in EPA’s Technical Guidance on the Use of
MOVES2010 for Emissions Inventory Preparation in State Implementation Plans and Transportation
Conformity

.Appendix D

- 1 7 

### Exhibit 4 : Emission Factor vs. Speed Variances (PM2.5)

In MOVES, typical drive cycles and associated operating conditions vary by the type of roadway.

MOVES defines five different road types as follows:

1 Off

- Network

. 2 Rural Restricted Access

. 3 Rural Unrestricted Access

. 4 Urban Restricted Access

. 5 Urban Unrestricted Access

.

The off

- network road type includes emissions from vehicle starts, extended idle activity, and evaporative

emissions. Off

- network activity in MOVES is primarily determined by the Source Type Population
input

, as discussed in a following section

. The remai ning distribution among road types is determined by
equating the PennDOT functional class with each MOVES road type as follows:

 MOVES Road Type (2) = PennDOT Functional Class (1)

.

 MOVES Road Type (3) = PennDOT Functional Class (2,6,7,8,9)

.

 MOVES Road Type (4) = PennDOT Functional Class (11,12)

.

 MOVES Road Type (5) = PennDOT Functional Class (14,16,17,19)

.

For this inventory, the MOVES road type distribution file is automatically generated by PPSUITE using
the defined equivalencies.

Since ramps are not di rectly represented within the RMS database information, it is assumed that 8% of
the Freeway V H T is Ramp V H T. This is consistent with the recommendations provided in EPA’s

t echnical g uidance

. S ource: Figure 3 from Implications of the MOVES2010 Model on Mobile
Source Emission Estimates, Air & Waste Management Association, July 2010.Appendix D

- 1 8



## Adjustments to Roadway Data

Before the RMS data can be used by PPSUITE for speed and emission calculations, several adjustments
and additions must be made to the roadway data. These adjustments are summarized below.

HPMS Adjustments : According to EPA guidance, baseline inventory VMT computed from the RMS
highwa y segment volumes must be adjusted to be consistent with Highway Performance Monitoring
System (HPMS) VMT totals. The HPMS VMT reported for Pennsylvania is a subsystem of the RMS
established to meet the data reporting requirements of the Federal Highway Ad ministration (FHWA) and

to serve as P enn DOT’s official source of highway information. Although it has some limitations, the
HPMS system is currently in use in all 50 states and is being improved under FHWA direction.

Although the HPMS VMT and the roadw ay data used for an inventory emissions analysis are both based
on data from the RMS system, differences do exist between them and include the following. First, the HPMS and inventory roadway data are “snapshots” of the RMS data taken at different times. Since the
RMS is dynamic, changing constantly due to new data, differences will result between the data used for
calculating HPMS VMT totals and the inventory data used for an emissions analysis. Second

, since the
RMS does not contain many of the local r oadways, local road estimates of HPMS VMT are obtained
through alternative procedures developed by P enn DOT

. To account for such differences, adjustment
factors are calculated and used to adjust the inventory roadway data to the reported HPMS VMT totals

su bmitted to FHWA. The VMT contained in the HPMS reports are considered to represent average
annual daily traffic (AADT).

Adjustment factors are calculated which adjust the base year RMS download VMT to the reported HPMS
totals for that year. These factors are developed for each county and functional class combination and are also applied to all future year runs. Adjustments for the “higher” functional classes (e.g. Freeway,

Arterials

- major routes) are close to 1.000 since HPMS VMT is derived from RMS in formation, and the only difference in the data is that the “snapshot” for the emission calculations is taken at a different time
than for the HPMS. “Lower” classes (e.g. local roads) require greater adjustment since a large part of the
local system is not under state jurisdiction and is not in the RMS database. There is, of course, a
significant amount of local road mileage in the state. It is assumed that those local streets that are in RMS
are representative of all local streets in their area with respe ct to volume and speed, so that roadway
mileage adjustment is appropriate.

Seasonal Adjustments to Volumes : The RMS contains AADT volumes that are an average of all days in
the year, including weekends and holidays. PM and CO analyses require volumes representing monthly
average conditions (needed for producing annual totals). Therefore, the RMS volumes mus t be seasonally
adjusted. Seasonal factors were developed for each functional class and urban/rural code based on yearly
count information prepared by PennDOT’s BPR. These factors are applied to the existing RMS AADT
volumes to produce the monthly volume s. The same factors are also used to develop the MOVES daily
and monthly VMT fraction files

.

Hourly Adjustments : Speeds and emissions vary considerably depending on the time of day

. Therefore, it is important to estimate the pattern by which roadway volume varies by hour of the day.

The 24

- hour pattern data provides PPSUITE with information used to split the daily roadway segment
volumes to each of the 24 hours in a day. Pattern dat a is in the form of a percentage of the daily volumes
for each hour. Distributions are provided for each county and functional class grouping. This data is
developed from 24

- hour count data compiled by PennDOT’s B PR , according to the process in the

agenc ies annual traffic data reports. The same factors are also used to develop the MOVES hourly

fraction file.Appendix D

- 1 9

Traffic Volume Forecasts : Traffic growth forecasting plays a pivotal role in estimating future year
emissions for the region. There are many unce rtainties affecting projections of traffic growth

, including
the current economic conditions, potential fuel prices, the impacts of Marcellus Shale activities in many
counties throughout the state, and the future growth in population and employment. Growt h rates for the
Department’s emissions inventor ies are based on an assessment of available data sources which include:

 PennDOT BPR growth rate forecasting system.

 Regional travel model, if available.

 Estimates of Marcellus Shale related activity growth, if applicable

.

All SIP mobile source highway inventories include the review and assessment of county

- specific growth
rates from a PennDOT study originally completed in 2005 and documented in the report, Statistical
Evaluation of Projected Traffic Growth, Traffic Growth Forecasting System: Final Report, March 14,

2005 . As part of that study, a statewide traffic growth forecasting system was developed that incorporates traffic data from PennDOT’s Traffic Information System and socioeconomic forecasts. That forecasting
system is maintained by the PennDOT BPR and is updated on a periodic basis to develop new statistical
relationships between historic VMT growth and population and updated demographic forecasts from

Woods and Poole , Inc. The growth rates from the PennDOT BPR forecasting system are evaluated
against other available data including travel model growth and other insights.



## Vehicle Type Processing

Emission rates within MOVES vary significantly by the type of vehicle. The MOVES model produces
emissions and rates by thirteen MOVES vehicle source types. However, VMT is input to MOVES by six
HPMS vehicle groups. Exhibit 5 summarizes the distinction between each classification scheme.



### Exhibit 5 : MOVES Source T ypes and HPMS Vehicle Groups

SOURCE TYPES HPMS Class Groups

11 Motorcycle 10 Motorcycle

21 Passenger Car 20 Passenger Car

31 Passenger Truck 30 Passenger/Light Truck

32 Light Commercial Truck 40 Buses

41 Intercity Bus 50 Single Unit Trucks

42 Transit Bus 60 Combination Trucks

43 School bus

51 Refuse Truck

52 Single Unit Short

- haul Truck

53 Single Unit Long

- haul Truck

54 Motor Home

61 Combination Short

- haul Truck

62 Combination Long

- haul Truck

The process used for this inventory includes a method to disaggregate the RMS traffic volumes to the
thirteen source types and then to recombine the estimates to the six HPMS vehicle classes. V ehicle type
pattern data is used by PPSUITE to divide the hour ly roadway segment volumes to the thirteen MOVES
source types. Similar to the 24

- hour pattern data, this data contains percentage splits to each source type
for every hour of the day. The vehicle type pattern data for this inventory is developed from several

sources of information:Appendix D

- 1 10

 P enn DOT truck percentages from the RMS database

.

 Hourly distributions for trucks and total traffic compiled by PennDOT’s B PR

.

 Transit data from PennDOT and the N ational T ransit D atabase

.

 S chool bus registrat ion data from PennDOT’s Bureau of Motor Vehicles Registration Database

.

The vehicle type pattern data is developed for each county and functional class combination. First, RMS
truck percentages are averaged for all roadways within a county and functional class grouping. Using this
percentage data, the total roadway volume for any segment is divided to auto and truck vehicle type
categories. The transit data and school bus data is used to further disaggregate trucks

, resulting in four
vehicle groups (lig ht

- duty, school, transit, and other heavy

- duty)

.

From these groups, MO VES default Pennsylvania county VMT distribution s by source type are used to

divide the four groups into each of the MO VES source type s

. P enn DOT hourly distributions for trucks

and total traffic are used to create source type percentage breakdowns for each hour of the day.

Vehicle Type Capacity Analysis Factors : Vehicle type percentages are provided to the capacity
analysis section of PPSUI TE to adjust the speeds in response to trucks. That is, a given number of larger
trucks take up more roadway space than a given number of cars, and this is accounted for in the speed
estimation process by adjusting capacity using information from the Highway Capacity Manual

.



## Vehicle Fleet and Population Data

The information on the vehicle fleet including the number and age of vehicles has a significant impact on

forecasted start and evaporative emissions within MOVES. The MOVES Model requires the p opulation
of vehicles by the thirteen source type categories

. Pennsylvania county vehicle registration data is used to
estimate vehicle population for light

- duty vehicles and school buses. The data is split to source types
using MOVES 2010a default P ennsy lvania county population data. For transit buses, data from PennDOT

and the National Transit Database (NTD) is used to estimate county transit bus totals. O ther heavy

- duty

vehicle population values are based on VMT for each source type using the vehicle mix and pattern data
discussed previously. The PPSUITE software automatically applies default MOVES 2010a ratios of VMT
and source type population (e.g. the number of mi les per vehicle by source type) to the local VMT
estimates to produce vehicle populatio n.

Vehicle population is forecast based on projected household and population growth from Woods and
Poole Inc. for each Pennsylvania county. The growth rate methodology includes:

 Choosing the highest growth rate between population and households

.

 Limiting growth as to not exceed the VMT growth assumptions

.

Vehicle Age : Vehicle age distributions are input to MO VES for each county by the thirteen source types. The distributions reflect the percentage of vehicles in the fleet up to 31 years old. The most recent

available registration download from PennDOT’s Bureau of Motor Vehicles Registration Database has
been used for the inventory. Due to insufficient data, only information for light

- duty vehicles are used as
local inputs; and, heavy

- duty veh icles use the internal MOVES2010a national defaults. The registration
data download is based on MOBILE6.2 vehicle categories. As a result, the data was converted to source
types using the EPA convertor spreadsheets provided with the MOVES2010a emission m odel.Appendix D

- 1 11



## Environmental, Fuel and Technology Assumptions

Information on environmental, fuel, vehicle technology and other control strategy assumptions were

determined based on a review of MOVES 2010a default information by the PaDEP.

Fuel Parameters : The same vehicle will produce different emissions using a different type of gasoline.
Fuel control strategies can be powerful emission reduction mechanisms

. The MOVES2010a default fuel
formulation and fuel supply data were reviewed and updated based on available local volumetric fuel
property information. The gasohol market penetration and RVP values were updated for all the counties

. MOVES 2010a default data was used for the rest of the parameters.

Refueling Emissions : MO VES also allows users to calc ulate refueling emissions, the emissions created
when vehicles are refueled at service stations. Pennsylvania includes refueling emissions in its area
source inventory and not in its highway vehicle inventory. R efueling emissions are not included in the
highway emissions inventory.

Vehicle Emission Inspection/Maintenance (I/M) Parameters : MO VES allows users to vary inputs
depending on the I/M program in place for the area

. The inputs include:

 P rogram start year

.

 S tringency level

.

 F irst and last mode l years subject to the program

.

 W aiver rates

.

 Co mpliance rates

.

 P rogram type (test

- only, test

- and

- repair, etc.) and effectiveness

.

 F requency of inspection (annual, biennial)

.

 V ehicle type coverage

.

 T est type (idle, loaded, etc.)

The MOVES2010a default P ennsylvania assumptions were reviewed and modifications were made per
actual program parameters.

Environmental Variables : Evaporative emissions are influenced significantly by the temperatures of the
surrounding air. Hourly temperatures have been comp iled for each county based on information from

WeatherBank, Inc. to specify temperatures from nine airports within the state

. Ozone analysis
temperature and humidity values were determined using the procedures documented in EPA’s technical
guidance. Mini mum and maximum temperatures for each month were converted to hourly temperatures
using EPA convertors supplied with the MOVES2010a model.

A summary of the MO VES related inputs used for the inventory and future year estimates are attached

with the submiss ion.Appendix D

- 1 12



## SPEED/EMISSION ESTIMATION PROCEDURE

The previous sections have summarized the input data used for computing speeds and emission s for
Pennsylvania. This section explains how PPSUITE and MO VES use s that input data to produce emission

estimates . Exhibit 6 summarizes PPSUITE’s analysis procedure used for each of the RMS highway
segments in the state.

Producing an emissions inventory with PPSUITE requires a process of disaggregation and aggregation.
Data is available and used on a very small sc ale

-- individual 1⁄2 mile roadway segments 24 hours of the
day. This data needs to be processed individually to determine the distribution of vehicle hours of travel
(VHT) by speed and then aggregated by vehicle class to determine input VMT to the MOVES em ission

model.



## Volume/VMT Development

Before speeds can be calculated and MO VES run, volumes acquired from RMS must be adjusted and
disaggregated. Such adjustments include factoring to future years, seasonal adjustments, and
disaggregating daily volumes to each hour of the day and to each of the thirteen MO VES source types.

Determi ne Future Year Volumes : The RMS database contains up

- to

- date current year volumes.
However, to conduct a future year analysis, these volumes must be factored to the year being analyzed.
Growth factors have been prepared for each county and functional class grouping. These growth factors
are applied to the base year RMS volumes to obtain future year estimates that can be utilized by

PPSUITE.

Example:

A typical freeway link in the RMS database is I

- 80 segment 2500 in Luzerne County,
Pennsylvania. Th is link has an urban/rural code=1 which indicates the link is in a rural area, and a
functional class=1 indicating a rural freeway.

The average annual daily traffic (AADT) from the RMS database for this link in 200 8 is 12,077
vehicles/day.

Growth facto rs have been developed to factor the 200 8 volume to future years. For example, to

factor the 200 8 volume to the year 20 14 , a growth factor of 1.282 would yield:

20 14 volume = 12,077 vehicles/day x 1.282 = 15,483 vehicles/dayAppendix D

- 1 13 

### Exhibit 6 : PPSUITE Speed / Emission Estimation Procedure

Data From PPSUITE Input Files PPSUITE Analysis Process Data from Roadway Source (RMS)

The Following is Performed For
Each RMS Roadway Segment

Percent Pattern Distributions Expand to 24 hourly volumes RMS AWDT Adjusted Volumes

Apply VMT Adjustments Adjust Volumes for Peak Spreading
(V/C thresholds for spreading)

Vehicle Type Patterns Disaggregate to Vehicle Typ e RMS Truck Percentages

T ransit D ata

School Bus Data

Calculate Link & Signal Capacities Roadway Attributes

(Lanes, FC code, UR code)
Speed/Capacity Lookup Table

Calculate Link Calculate
Midblock Speed Approach Delay

Apply Post Speed VMT Adjustments

Prepare MOVES CDM Files

VHT by Annual RoadType SourceType Hourly Ramp
Speed Bin V MT Fractions Population Fractions Fractions

Per VMT

<Optional>

Off

- line File Preparation

Vehicle Age

Distribution Run MOVES Importer
to convert county input data
Hourly into MYSQL data format
Temps/Humidity

I/M

Parameters

Fuel Run MOVES

ParametersAppendix D

- 1 14

Seasonal Adjustments : PPSUITE takes the input daily volumes from RMS ( which represent s annual
average daily traffic ( AADT ) ) and seasonally adjusts the volumes to an average weekday in July. This
adjustment utilizes factors developed for each functional class and urban/rural code. VMT can then be
calculated for each link using the adjusted weekday volumes.

Example:

Again, assume the rural freeway link: I

- 80 segment 2500 in Luzerne County, Pennsylvania. The
AADT for this link in 2008 is 12,077 vehicles/day.

Seasonal factors have been de veloped for urban/rural code and functional class combinations. For
an urban/rural code=1 and a functional class=1, the factor to convert from AADT to an average
weekday in July is = 1.15

.

Average Weekday July Volume = 12,077 x 1.15 = 13,889 vehicles/day

.

Total VMT (daily) for this link is calculated as volume x distance. The distance of this link as

obtained from RMS is 0.2 9 6 miles.

2008 VMT = 13,889 vehicles/day x 0.296 miles = 4,111 vehicle

- miles / day

.

Disaggregation to 24 Hours : After seasonally adjusting the link volume, the volume is split to each hour
of the day. This allows for more accurate speed calculations (effects of congested hours) and allows
PPSUITE to prepare the hourly VMT and speeds for input to the MOVES model.

Exampl e:

To support speed calculations and emission estimates by time of day, the July weekday volume is
disaggregated to 24 hourly volumes. Temporal patterns were previously developed from

P enn DOT count data and input to PPSUITE. For the I

- 80 rural freeway l ink with morning peak
volumes similar to evening peak hours (neutral), the following temporal pattern is applied:

Using the I

- 80 segment, typical hourly volumes which result include:

8

- 9 a.m. 6.0% x (4,111 vehicle miles/ 0.296mi.) = 833 vehicles/hour (vph)

12

- 1 p.m. 5.0% x (4,111 vehicle .miles/ 0.296mi.) = 694 vph

5

- 6 p.m. 6.3% x (4,111 vehicle miles/ 0.296mi.) = 875 vphAppendix D

- 1 15

After dividing the daily volumes to each hour of the day, PPSUITE ide ntifies hours that are unreasonably
congested. For those hours, PPSUITE then spreads a portion of the volume to other hours within the same peak period, thereby approximating the “peak spreading” that normally occurs in such over

- capacity

conditions.

Disaggregation to Vehicle Type : EPA requires VMT estimates to be prepared by source type, reflecting specific local characteristics. As a result, for Pennsylvania’s emission inventory runs, the hourly volumes
are disaggregated to the thirteen MOVES sour ce types based on count data assembled by P enn DOT in

combination with MOVES defaults.

Example:

Disaggregation of the total I

- 80 VMT to the various source types would include the following:

Total Volume 8

- 9 am = 833 vph

Source Type Volume 8

- 9 am:
Motorcycle 11 0.5% 4 vph
Passenger Car 21 54.7% 456 vph
Passenger Truck 31 27.9% 232 vph
Light Commercial Truck 32 9.3% 78 vph
Intercity Bus 41 0.1% 1 vph

Transit Bus 42 0.1% 1 vph

School bus 43 0.1 % 1 vph

Refuse Truck 51 0.0% 0 vph
Single Unit Short

- haul Truck 52 2.2% 19 vph
Single Unit Long

- haul Truck 53 0.3% 2 vph

Motor Home 54 0.1% 1 vph

Combination Short

- haul Truck 61 1.9% 16 vph

Combin ation Long

- haul Truck 62 2.6% 22 vph



## Speed/Delay Determination

EPA recognizes that the estimation of vehicle speeds is a difficult and complex process. Because
emissions are so sensitive to speed s, it recommends special attention be given to developing reasonable
and consistent speed estimates; it also recommends that VMT be disaggregated into subsets that have
roughly equal speed, with separate emission factors for each subset. At a minimum, spe eds should be
estimated separately by road type.

The computational framework used for this analysis meets and exceeds that recommendation. Speeds are
individually calculated for each roadway segment and hour and include the delays encountered at signals.
Rather than accumulating the roadway segments into a particular road type and calculating an average
speed, each ind ividual link hourly speed is represented in the MOVES vehicle hours of travel (VHT) by
speed bin file. This MOVES input file allows the specificat i on of a distribution of hourly speeds.

For example, if 5% of a county’s arterial V H T operate s at 5 mph du ring the AM peak hour and the
remaining 95% operate s at 65 mph, this can be represented in the MOVES speed input file. For the

model runs, distributions of speeds are input to MOVES by road type and source type by each hour of the
day; VMT and VHT is accu mulated by the same groupings for the application of the emission factors to
produce resulting emission totals.Appendix D

- 1 16

To calculate speeds, PPSUITE first obtains initial capacities (how much volume the roadway can serve
before heavy congestion) and free

- flow spee ds (speeds assuming no congestion) from the speed/capacity
lookup data. As described in previous sections, this data contains default roadway information indexed
by the urban/rural code and functional class. For areas with known characteristics, values c an be directly
coded to the RMS database and the speed/capacity data can be overridden. However, for most areas
where known information is not available, the speed/capacity lookups provide valuable default
information regarding speeds, capacities, signal characteristics, and other capacity adjustment information
used for calculating congested delays and speeds. An effort has been made to enhance the RMS data with traffic signal locations using other GIS signal data available from PennDOT’s Bureau of Highw ay Safety
and Traffic Engineering.

Example:

The speed/capacity lookup table is used to obtain important data used for link speed calculations.

For the I

- 80 link with an urban/rural code = 1 (rural) and a functional class = 1 (freeway), the
lookup table provides information including the following:

freeflow speed = 65 mph
capacity = 1800 vph per lane
number of signals = 0 (per RMS linkage to GIS traffic signal locations)

This information is used along with the physical characteristics of the roadwa y to calculate the
delay (including congestion) to travel this link during each hour of the day:

For example: The I

- 80 link is calculated to have a travel time, including delay of 17.76 seconds

for the 8

- 9am hour

.

Total travel time, in vehicle hours, fo r the 8

- 9am hour is calculated as:

VHT (8

- 9am) = 17.76 seconds x 833vph / 3600 sec/hr = 4.12 vehicle hours

.

The result of this process is an estimated average travel time for each hour of the day for each highway
segment. The average time can be multiplied by the volume to produce vehicle hours of travel (VHT).



## HPMS and VMT Adjustments

Volumes must also be adjusted to account for differences with the HPMS VMT totals, as described
previously. VMT adjustment factors are provided as input to PPSUI TE, and are applied to each of the
roadway segment volumes. These factors were developed from the latest HPMS download (conducted
triennially) ; however, they are also applied to any future year runs. The VMT added or subtracted to the

RMS database assume s the speeds calculated using the original volumes for each roadway segment for
each hour of the day.Appendix D

- 1 17 Example:

Using the Luzerne County I

- 80 rural freeway link example, the daily assigned volume is adjusted

to account for reconciliation with the HPMS VM T. RMS VMT (in AADT) for Luzerne County
rural freeways totals 962,559 vehicle miles in 2008. HPMS VMT (in AADT) as supplied by

P enn DOT and reported to FHWA totals to 990,088 vehicle miles for the rural freeways. A factor
is developed by dividing the HP MS VMT by the RMS VMT:

HPMS adjustment factor for Luzerne County rural freeways = 990,088 / 962,559 = 1.029

.

This factor is held constant in all future years. As an example, this adjustment is made to the

I

- 80 freeway link VMT for the 8

- 9am hour afte r speed calculations are made, and produces the
final July weekday VMT for this hour used for Ozone runs.

I

- 80 Link VMT (8

- 9am) = 833vph x 0.296 miles x 1.029 = 254 vehicle miles

.



## MO VES Emissions Run

After computing speeds and aggregating VMT and VHT, PPSUITE prepares traffic

- related inputs needed

to run EPA’s MOVES software, which is used to estimate emission factors in grams of pollutant per

vehicle mile and to produce total emissions based on input VMT to the model. The process uses

MOVES2010a, the officially released emissions model that was obtained directly from EPA.

The MOVES inputs prepared by PPSUITE include the following:

 Vehicle Type VMT

.

 Vehicle Population

.

 VMT fractions

.

 Average speed distributions

.

 Road Type Distribution

.

 Ramp Fractions

.

These files are text formatted files with a *.csv extension. The files are provided as input s within the
MOVES county data importer

. In addition the remaining MOVES input data including temperatur es, I/M programs, fuel and vehicle ages are prepared manually outside of the PPSUITE process.

The MOVES county importer is run in batch mode. This program converts all data files into the MYSQL
formats used by the MOVES model. At that point a MOVES run specification file (*.mrs) is created
which specifie s options and key data locations for the run. MOVES is then executed in batch mode

.

MOVES can be executed using either the inventory or rate

- based approaches. For this highway
emissions inventory, MOVE S is applied using the inventory

- based approach. Under this method, actual
VMT and population are provided as input s to the model ; MOVES is responsible for producing the total
emissions for the region. Under the rate

- based approach, MOVES would produce e mission factors , after

which PPSUITE would apply the emission factors to the link data and calculate total regional emissions.Appendix D

- 1 18



## RESOURCES

MO VES model

Modeling Page within EPA’s Office of Mobile Sources Website
(http://www.epa.gov/omswww/models.htm) contains a downloadable model, MO VES users guide and

other information.

Motor Vehicle Emission Simulator, User Guide for MOVES2010a, EPA

- 420

- B

- 10

- 036, August 2010.

Technical Guidance on the Use of MOVES2010 for Emission Inventory Preparation in State
Implementation Plans and Transportation Conformity , US EPA Office of Air and Radiation, and Office
of Transportation and Air Quality, EPA

- 420

- B

- 10

- 023, April 2010.

Policy Guidance on the Use of MOVES2010 for SIP Development, Transportation Conformity

, and Other

Purposes , US EPA Office of Air and Radiation, EPA

- 420

- B

- 09

- 046, December 2009.

Traffic Engineering

Highway Capacity Manual, Transportation Research Board, presents current knowledge and techniques
for analyzing the transportation system.

Traffic Data Collection and Factor Development Report, 200 8 Data, Pennsylvania Department of
Transportation, Bureau of Planning and Research.Appendix D

- 1 19



## Highway Vehicle Inventory Glossary

AADT: Average Annual Daily Traffic, average of ALL days.

AWDT: Average Weekday Daily Traffic

.

Basic emission rates: MOBILE emission rates based on the applicable Federal emission standards and
the emission control technologies characterizing the fleet in various model years.

Emission rate or factor: E xpresses the amount of pollu tion emitted per unit of activity. For highway
vehicles, usually in grams of pollutant emitted per mile driven.

FC: Functional code, applied in data management to road segments to identify their type (freeway, local,

etc.)

.

Fuel volatility: The ability of fuel components to evaporate, thus entering the atmosphere as pollution.
Fuel volatility is usually measured as Reid Vapor Pressure (RVP) in pounds per square inch. The lower

the RVP, the less volatile the fuel.

Growth factor: Factor used to convert volumes to future years

.

HPMS: Highway Performance Monitoring System, PENNDOT’s official source of highway information

and a subset of RMS.

I/M: Vehicle emissions inspection/maintenance programs ensure that vehicle emission controls are in

go od working order throughout the life of the vehicle. The programs require vehicles to be tested for
emissions. Most vehicles that do not pass must be repaired.

MOBILE: The model EPA has developed and which Pennsylvania uses to estimate emissions from

h ighway vehicles.

MOVES: The latest model EPA has developed with which Pennsylvania uses to estimate emissions from
highway vehicles.

Pattern data: Extrapolations of traffic patterns (such as how traffic volume on road segment types varies
by time of d ay, or what kinds of vehicles tend to use a road segment type) from segments with observed
data to similar segments.

PPSUITE: Post

- Processor for Air Quality, a set of programs that estimate speeds and processes MOBILE

emission rates.

RMS: Roadway Manag ement System, a database maintained by PENNDOT from traffic counts and field

visits

.

Segment ( also referred to as link) : D i vision of roadway in the PENNDOT Roadway Management
System. Usually represents 0.5 mile segments of roadway.

UR: Urban/rural code, applied in data management to identify whether a road segment is urban, small

urban or rural.Appendix D

- 1 20

VHT: V ehicle hours traveled

.

VMT: V ehicle miles traveled. In modeling terms, it is the simulated traffic volumes times link length.

Vehicle Type : One of eight types, distinguished primarily by fuel type and/or weight, used in MOBILE
modeling.

Source Type : One of thirteen types, distinguished primarily by weight, used in MOVES modeling.

Road Type: Functional code, applied in data management to road segments to identify their type
(rural/urban highways, rural/urban arterials, etc.)

County Data Manager: U ser interface developed to simplify importing specific local data for a single

county or a user

- defined custom domain without requiring direct interaction with the underlying MySQL

database.

# APPENDIX D2

BERKS COUNTY

HIGHWAY EMISSIONS ESTIMATES

2002, 2007, 2017, 2025

(Provided in Electronic Form Only)

Bureau of Air Quality
Department of Environmental Protection

### [ This page blank intentionally left blank

. ]

# APPENDIX D3

BERKS COUNTY

MOVES SAMPLE INPUT FILES

Bureau of Air Quality
Department of Environmental Protection

### [ This page blank intentionally left blank

. ]

# APPENDIX D

- 3

Berks County MOVES Sample Input FilesAppendix D

- 3 1 

## MOVES Run Specification File Settings

Sample xml file format

<moves>
<importer mode="county" >

<filters>

<geographicselections>

(Specify County to be run)

<geographicselection type="COUNTY" key="42011" description="PENNSYLVANIA

- Berks County"/>

</geographicselections>

<timespan>

<year key="2025"/>

<month id="00"/>

<day id="2"/>
<day id="5"/>

<beginhour id="1"/>

<endhour id="24"/>

<aggregateBy key="Hour"/>

</timespan>

<onroadvehicleselections>

<onroadvehicleselection fueltypeid="2" fuel typedesc="Diesel Fuel" sourcetypeid="62" sourcetypename="Combination Long

- haul Truck"/>

<onroadvehicleselection fueltypeid="2" fueltypedesc="Diesel Fuel" sourcetypeid="61" sourcetypename="Combination Short

- haul Truck"/>

<onr oadvehicleselection fueltypeid="2" fueltypedesc="Diesel Fuel" sourcetypeid="41" sourcetypename="Intercity Bus"/>

<onroadvehicleselection fueltypeid="2" fueltypedesc="Diesel Fuel" sourcetypeid="32" sourcetypename="Light Commercial Truck"/>

<onroadvehicleselection fueltypeid="2" fueltypedesc="Diesel Fuel" sourcetypeid="54" sourcetypename="Motor Home"/>

<onroadvehicleselection fueltypeid="2" fueltypedesc="Diesel Fuel" sourcetypeid="11" sourcetypename="Motorcycle" />

<onroadvehicleselection fueltypeid="2" fueltypedesc="Diesel Fuel" sourcetypeid="21" sourcetypename="Passenger Car"/>

<onroadvehicleselection fueltypeid="2" fueltypedesc="Diesel Fuel" sourcetypeid="31" sourcetypename="Pass enger Truck"/>
<onroadvehicleselection fueltypeid="2" fueltypedesc="Diesel Fuel" sourcetypeid="51" sourcetypename="Refuse Truck"/>

<onroadvehicleselection fueltypeid="2" fueltypedesc="Diesel Fuel" sourcetypeid="43" sourcetyp ename="School Bus"/>

<onroadvehicleselection fueltypeid="2" fueltypedesc="Diesel Fuel" sourcetypeid="53" sourcetypename="Single Unit Long

- haul Truck"/>

<onroadvehicleselection fueltypeid="2" fueltypedesc="Diesel Fuel" source typeid="52" sourcetypename="Single Unit Short

- haul Truck"/>

<onroadvehicleselection fueltypeid="2" fueltypedesc="Diesel Fuel" sourcetypeid="42" sourcetypename="Transit Bus"/>

<onroadvehicleselection fueltypeid="1" fueltypede sc="Gasoline" sourcetypeid="62" sourcetypename="Combination Long

- haul Truck"/>

<onroadvehicleselection fueltypeid="1" fueltypedesc="Gasoline" sourcetypeid="61" sourcetypename="Combination Short

- haul Truck"/>

<onroadvehiclese lection fueltypeid="1" fueltypedesc="Gasoline" sourcetypeid="41" sourcetypename="Intercity Bus"/>
<onroadvehicleselection fueltypeid="1" fueltypedesc="Gasoline" sourcetypeid="32" sourcetypename="Light Commercial Truck"/>

< onroadvehicleselection fueltypeid="1" fueltypedesc="Gasoline" sourcetypeid="54" sourcetypename="Motor Home"/>

<onroadvehicleselection fueltypeid="1" fueltypedesc="Gasoline" sourcetypeid="11" sourcetypename="Motorcycle"/>

<on roadvehicleselection fueltypeid="1" fueltypedesc="Gasoline" sourcetypeid="21" sourcetypename="Passenger Car"/>

<onroadvehicleselection fueltypeid="1" fueltypedesc="Gasoline" sourcetypeid="31" sourcetypename="Passenger Truck"/>
<onroadvehicleselection fueltypeid="1" fueltypedesc="Gasoline" sourcetypeid="51" sourcetypename="Refuse Truck"/>

<onroadvehicleselection fueltypeid="1" fueltypedesc="Gasoline" sourcetypeid="43" sourcetypename="School Bus"/>

<onroadvehicleselection fueltypeid="1" fueltypedesc="Gasoline" sourcetypeid="53" sourcetypename="Single Unit Long

- haul Truck"/>

<onroadvehicleselection fueltypeid="1" fueltypedesc="Gasoline" sourcetypeid="52" sourcetypename="Single Unit Short

- haul Truck"/>

<onroadvehicleselection fueltypeid="1" fueltypedesc="Gasoline" sourcetypeid="42" sourcetypename="Transit Bus"/>

</onroadvehicleselections>

<offroadvehicleselections>

</offroadvehicleselections>

<offroadvehiclesccs>

</offroadvehiclesccs>

<roadtypes>

<roadtype roadtypeid="1" roadtypename="Off

- Network"/>
<roadtype roadtypeid="2" roadtypename="Rural Restricted Access"/>

<roadtype r oadtypeid="3" roadtypename="Rural Unrestricted Access"/>
<roadtype roadtypeid="4" roadtypename="Urban Restricted Access"/>

<roadtype roadtypeid="5" roadtypename="Urban Unrestricted Access"/>

</roadtypes>

</filters> <databaseselection servername="localhost" databasename="42011_2025_00_25_Avgann_mi"/>

<agedistribution>Appendix D

- 3 2 <description><![CDATA[]]></description>

<parts>
<sourceTypeAgeDistribution>

(Specify Age Distribution data file name for county being run)

<filename> C: \ PAMOVES \ MOVESInputs \ AgeDistribution \ 10Reg_RepCty \ 2025 \ 42011_2025_SourceTypeAgeDistribution.csv</filename>

</sourceTypeAgeDistribution>

</parts>
</agedistribution>

< avgspeeddistribution>

<description><![CDATA[]]></description>

<parts>

<avgSpeedDistribution>

(Specify Average Speed Distribution data file name for county being run

– As prepared by PPSUITE post processor)

<filename>C: \ PAMOVES \ Out \ PA_2025_Avgann_Inv \ \ 42011_2025_00_25_Avgann \ CDM \ avgSpeedDistribution.csv</filename>
</avgSpeedDistribution>

</parts>

</avgspeeddistribution>

<imcoverage>

<description><![CDATA[]]></description>

<parts>

<imcoverage>

(Specify I/M Parameters fil e name for county being run)

<filename>C: \ PAMOVES \ MOVESInputs \ IM \ 42000_2025_IMCoverage.csv</filename>

</imcoverage>
</parts>

</imcoverage>

<fuel>
<description><![CDATA[]]></description>

<parts>

<FuelSupply>
(Specify Fuel Supply data file name for county being run)

<filename>C: \ PAMOVES \ MOVESInputs \ Fuel \ MOVES201 0a \ 42000_2012_FuelSupply.csv</filename>

</FuelSupply>

<FuelFormulation>
(Specify Fuel Formulation data file name for county being run)

<filename>C: \ PAMOVES \ MOVESInputs \ Fuel \ 42000_FuelFormulati on_MOVES2010a.csv</filename>

</FuelFormulation>

</parts>

</fuel>

<zonemonthhour>

<description><![CDATA[]]></description>

<parts>

<zoneMonthHour>

(Specify Meteorology data file name for county being run)

<filename>C: \ PAMOVES \ MOVESInputs \ Meteorology \ 2008 \ 42011_2008_met.csv</filename>

</zoneMonthHour > </parts>

</zonemonthhour>

<roadtypedistribution>

<description><![CDATA[]]></description>

<parts>

< roadTypeDistribution>

(Specify Road Type Distribution data file name for county being run

– As prepared by PPSUITE post processor)

<filename>C: \ PAMOVES \ Out \ PA_2025_Avgann_Inv \ \ 42011_2025_00_25_Avgann \ CDM \ roadTypeDist ribution.csv</filename>

</roadTypeDistribution>
</parts>

</roadtypedistribution>

<sourcetypepopulation>

<description><![CDATA[]]></description>

<parts>

<sourceTypeYear>

(Specify Vehicle Population data file name for county being run)Appendix D

- 3 3 <filename>C: \ PAMOVES \ Out \ PA_2025_Avgann_Inv \ \ 42011_2025_00_25_Avgann \ C DM \ SourceTypePopulation.csv</filename>

</sourceTypeYear>
</parts>

</sourcetypepopulation>

<rampfraction>

<description><![CDATA[]]></description >

<parts>

<roadType>

(Specify Ramp Fractions data file name for county being run

– As prepared by PPSUITE post processor)

<filename> C: \ PAMOVES \ MOVESInputs \ RampFraction \ rampfraction_defaults.csv</filename>

</roadType>

</parts>
</rampfraction>

<vehicletypevmt>

<description>< ![CDATA[]]></description>

<parts> (Specify Annual VMT and VMT Fractions file names for county being run

– As prepared by PPSUITE post processor)

<hpmsVTypeYear>

<filename>C: \ PAMOVES \ Out \ PA_2025_Avgann_Inv \ \ 42011_2025_00_25_Avgann \ CDM \ hpmsVTypeYear.csv</filename>
</hpmsVTypeYear>

<monthvmtfraction>

<filena me>C: \ PAMOVES \ MOVESInputs \ MonthDayHourFractions \ 2025_MonthFraction \ 42011_2025_MonthVMTFraction.csv</filename>

</monthvmtfraction>

<dayvmtfraction>

<file name>C: \ PAMOVES \ MOVESInputs \ MonthDayHourFractions \ dayvmtfraction_avgday.csv</filename>

</dayvmtfraction>

<hourvmtfraction>

<filename>C: \ PAMOVES \ Out \ PA_2 025_Avgann_Inv \ \ 42011_2025_00_25_Avgann \ CDM \ hourvmtfraction.csv</filename>

</hourvmtfraction>

</parts>
</vehicletypevmt>

</importer>

</moves>



### Sample mrs file format

< runspec>
<description><![CDATA[MOVES2010 RunSpec Created by CENTRAL4 Scenario: BERK 2025 ANNAVG Avgann Emission Inventory with user's data]]></description>

<modelscale value="INV"/>

<modeldomain value="SINGLE"/>

<geographicselections>
(Specify County to be run)

<geographicselection type="COUNTY" key="42011" description="PENNSYLVANIA

- Berks County"/>

</geographicselections>

<timespan>
<year key="2025"/>

<month id="1"/>

<month id="2"/>

<month id="3"/>

<mont h id="4"/>

<month id="5"/>

<month id="6"/>

<month id="7"/>

<month id="8"/>

<month id="9"/>

<month id="10"/>

<month id="11"/>

<month id="12"/>

<day id="2"/>

<day id="5"/>Appendix D

- 3 4 <beginhour id="1"/>

<endhour id="24"/>
<aggregateBy key="Hour"/>

</timespan>

<onroadvehicleselections>

<onroadvehicleselection fueltypeid="3" fueltypedesc="Compressed Natural Gas (CNG)" sourcetypeid="11" sourcetypename="Motorcyc le"/>

<onroadvehicleselection fueltypeid="3" fueltypedesc="Compressed Natural Gas (CNG)" sourcetypeid="21" sourcetypename="Passenger Car"/>

<onroadvehicleselection fueltypeid="3" fueltypedesc="Compressed Natural Gas (CNG)" sourcetypeid="31" sourcetypename="Passenge r Truck"/>

<onroadvehicleselection fueltypeid="3" fueltypedesc="Compresse d Natural Gas (CNG)" sourcetypeid="32" sourcetypename="Light Commercial Truck"/>
<onroadvehicleselection fueltypeid="2" fueltypedesc="Diesel Fuel" sourcetypeid="11" sourcetypename="Motorcycle"/>

<onroadvehicleselection fueltypeid="2" fueltypedesc="Diesel F uel" sourcetypeid="21" sourcetypename="Passenger Car"/>

<onroadvehicleselection fueltypeid="2" fueltypedesc="Diesel Fuel" sourcetypeid="31" sourcetypename="Passenger Truck"/>

<onroadvehicleselection fueltypeid="2" fueltypedesc="Diesel Fuel" sourcetypeid="3 2" sourcetypename="Light Commercial Truck"/>

<onroadvehicleselection fueltypeid="1" fueltypedesc="Gasoline" sourcetypeid="11" sourcetypename="Motorcycle"/>

<onroadvehicleselection fueltypeid="1" fueltypedesc="Gasoline" sourcetypeid="21" sourcetypename="Pas senger Car"/>
<onroadvehicleselection fueltypeid="1" fueltypedesc="Gasoline" sourcetypeid="31" sourcetypename="Passenger Truck"/>

<onroadvehicleselection fueltypeid="1" fueltypedesc="Gasoline" sourcetypeid="32" sourcetypename="Light Commercial Truck"/>

< onroadvehicleselection fueltypeid="3" fueltypedesc="Compressed Natural Gas (CNG)" sourcetypeid="41" sourcetypename="Intercity Bus"/>

<onroadvehicleselection fueltypeid="3" fueltypedesc="Compressed Natural Gas (CNG)" sourcetypeid="42" sourcetypename="Transi t Bus"/>

<onroadvehicleselection fueltypeid="3" fueltypedesc="Compressed Natural Gas (CNG)" sourcetypeid="43" sourcetypename="School B us"/>

<onroadvehicleselection fueltypeid="2" fueltypedesc="Diesel Fuel" sourcetypeid="41" sourcetypename="Intercity Bus"/>
<onroadvehicleselection fueltypeid="2" fueltypedesc="Diesel Fuel" sourcetypeid="42" sourcetypename="Transit Bus"/>

<onroadvehicleselection fueltypeid="2" fueltypedesc="Diesel Fuel" sourcetypeid="43" sourcetypename="School Bus"/>

<onroadvehicleselection fu eltypeid="1" fueltypedesc="Gasoline" sourcetypeid="41" sourcetypename="Intercity Bus"/>
<onroadvehicleselection fueltypeid="1" fueltypedesc="Gasoline" sourcetypeid="42" sourcetypename="Transit Bus"/>

<onroadvehicleselection fueltypeid="1" fueltypedesc="Gas oline" sourcetypeid="43" sourcetypename="School Bus"/>

<onroadvehicleselection fueltypeid="3" fueltypedesc="Compressed Natural Gas (CNG)" sourcetypeid="51" sourcetypename="Refuse T ruck"/>

<onroadvehicleselection fueltypeid="3" fueltypedesc="Compressed Na tural Gas (CNG)" sourcetypeid="52" sourcetypename="Single Unit Short

- haul Truck"/>

<onroadvehicleselection fueltypeid="3" fueltypedesc="Compressed Natural Gas (CNG)" sourcetypeid="53" sourcetypename="Single U nit Long

- haul Truck"/>

<onroadvehicleselection f ueltypeid="3" fueltypedesc="Compressed Natural Gas (CNG)" sourcetypeid="54" sourcetypename="Motor Home"/>

<onroadvehicleselection fueltypeid="3" fueltypedesc="Compressed Natural Gas (CNG)" sourcetypeid="61" sourcetypename="Combinat ion Short

- haul Truck"/>

< onroadvehicleselection fueltypeid="3" fueltypedesc="Compressed Natural Gas (CNG)" sourcetypeid="62" sourcetypename="Combinati on Long

- haul Truck"/>

<onroadvehicleselection fueltypeid="2" fueltypedesc="Diesel Fuel" sourcetypeid="51" sourcetypename="Refuse Tr uck"/>

<onroadvehicleselection fueltypeid="2" fueltypedesc="Diesel Fuel" sourcetypeid="52" sourcetypename="Single Unit Short

- haul Truck"/>

<onroadvehicleselection fueltypeid="2" fueltypedesc="Diesel Fuel" sourcetypeid="53" sourcetypename="Single Unit Long

- haul Truck"/>

<onroadvehicleselection fueltypeid="2" fueltypedesc="Diesel Fuel" sourcetypeid="54" sourcetypename="Motor Home"/>

<onroadvehicleselection fueltypeid="2" fueltypedesc="Diesel Fuel" sourcetypeid="61" sourcetypename="Combination Short

- haul Truck "/>

<onroadvehicleselection fueltypeid="2" fueltypedesc="Diesel Fuel" sourcetypeid="62" sourcetypename="Combination Long

- haul Truck"/>

<onroadvehicleselection fueltypeid="1" fueltypedesc="Gasoline" sourcetypeid="51" sourcetypename="Refuse Truck"/>

<onroadv ehicleselection fueltypeid="1" fueltypedesc="Gasoline" sourcetypeid="52" sourcetypename="Single Unit Short

- haul Truck"/>

<onroadvehicleselection fueltypeid="1" fueltypedesc="Gasoline" sourcetypeid="53" sourcetypename="Single Unit Long

- haul Truck"/>

<onroad vehicleselection fueltypeid="1" fueltypedesc="Gasoline" sourcetypeid="54" sourcetypename="Motor Home"/>

<onroadvehicleselection fueltypeid="1" fueltypedesc="Gasoline" sourcetypeid="61" sourcetypename="Combination Short

- haul Truck"/>

<onroadvehicleselection fueltypeid="1" fueltypedesc="Gasoline" sourcetypeid="62" sourcetypename="Combination Long

- haul Truck"/>

</onroadvehicleselections>

<offroadvehicleselections>

</offroadvehicleselections>

<offroadvehiclesccs>

</offroadvehiclesccs>

<roadtypes>

<roadtype roadtypeid="1" roadtypename="Off

- Network"/>

<roadtype roadtypeid="2" roadtypename="Rural Restricted Access"/>

<roadtype roadtypeid="3" roadtypename="Rural Unrestricted Access"/>

<roadtype ro adtypeid="4" roadtypename="Urban Restricted Access"/>

<roadtype roadtypeid="5" roadtypename="Urban Unrestricted Access"/>
</roadtypes>

<pollutantprocessassociations>

<pollutantprocessassociation pollutantkey="2" pollutantname="Carbon Mo noxide (CO)" processkey="1" processname="Running Exhaust"/>

<pollutantprocessassociation pollutantkey="2" pollutantname="Carbon Monoxide (CO)" processkey="2" processname="Start Exhaust" />

<pollutantprocessassociation pollutantkey="2" pollutantname="Carbon Monoxide (CO)" processkey="15" processname="Crankcase Running Exhaust"/>

<pollutantprocessassociation pollutantkey="2" pollutantname="Carbon Monoxide (CO)" processkey="16" processname="Crankcase Sta rt Exhaust"/>

<pollutantprocessassociation pollutantkey="2 " pollutantname="Carbon Monoxide (CO)" processkey="17" processname="Crankcase Extended Idle Exhaust"/>

<pollutantprocessassociation pollutantkey="2" pollutantname="Carbon Monoxide (CO)" processkey="90" processname="Extended Idle Exhaust"/>Appendix D

- 3 5 <pollutantproces sassociation pollutantkey="3" pollutantname="Oxides of Nitrogen" processkey="1" processname="Running Exhaust"/>

<pollutantprocessassociation pollutantkey="3" pollutantname="Oxides of Nitrogen" processkey="2" processname="Start Exhaust"/>

<pollutantprocessa ssociation pollutantkey="3" pollutantname="Oxides of Nitrogen" processkey="15" processname="Crankcase Running Exhaust"/>

<pollutantprocessassociation pollutantkey="3" pollutantname="Oxides of Nitrogen" processkey="16" processname="Crankcase Start Exhaust"/ >
<pollutantprocessassociation pollutantkey="3" pollutantname="Oxides of Nitrogen" processkey="17" processname="Crankcase Exten ded Idle Exhaust"/>

<pollutantprocessassociation pollutantkey="3" pollutantname="Oxides of Nitrogen" processkey="90" processname= "Extended Idle Exhaust"/>

<pollutantprocessassociation pollutantkey="79" pollutantname="Non

- Methane Hydrocarbons" processkey="1" processname="Running Exhaust"/>

<pollutantprocessassociation pollutantkey="79" pollutantname="Non

- Methane Hydrocarbons" processkey="2" processname="Start Exhaust"/>

<pollutantprocessassociation pollutantkey="79" pollutantname="Non

- Methane Hydrocarbons" processkey="11" processname="Evap Permeation"/>

<pollutantprocessassociation pollutantkey="79" pollutantname="Non

- Methane H ydrocarbons" processkey="12" processname="Evap Fuel Vapor Venting"/>

<pollutantprocessassociation pollutantkey="79" pollutantname="Non

- Methane Hydrocarbons" processkey="13" processname="Evap Fuel Leaks"/>

<pollutantprocessassociation pollutantkey="79" poll utantname="Non

- Methane Hydrocarbons" processkey="15" processname="Crankcase Running Exhaust"/>

<pollutantprocessassociation pollutantkey="79" pollutantname="Non

- Methane Hydrocarbons" processkey="16" processname="Crankcase Start Exhaust"/>

<pollutantprocess association pollutantkey="79" pollutantname="Non

- Methane Hydrocarbons" processkey="17" processname="Crankcase Extended Idle Exhaust"/>

<pollutantprocessassociation pollutantkey="79" pollutantname="Non

- Methane Hydrocarbons" processkey="90" processname="Exte nded Idle Exhaust"/>

<pollutantprocessassociation pollutantkey="1" pollutantname="Total Gaseous Hydrocarbons" processkey="1" processname="Running Exhaust"/>

<pollutantprocessassociation pollutantkey="1" pollutantname="Total Gaseous Hydrocarbons" processkey ="2" processname="Start Exhaust"/>

<pollutantprocessassociation pollutantkey="1" pollutantname="Total Gaseous Hydrocarbons" processkey="11" processname="Evap Pe rmeation"/>

<pollutantprocessassociation pollutantkey="1" pollutantname="Total Gaseous Hydrocarb ons" processkey="12" processname="Evap Fuel Vapor Venting"/>

<pollutantprocessassociation pollutantkey="1" pollutantname="Total Gaseous Hydrocarbons" processkey="13" processname="Evap Fu el Leaks"/>

<pollutantprocessassociation pollutantkey="1" pollutantnam e="Total Gaseous Hydrocarbons" processkey="15" processname="Crankcase Running Exhaust"/>

<pollutantprocessassociation pollutantkey="1" pollutantname="Total Gaseous Hydrocarbons" processkey="16" processname="Crankca se Start Exhaust"/>

<pollutantprocessassoc iation pollutantkey="1" pollutantname="Total Gaseous Hydrocarbons" processkey="17" processname="Crankcase Extended Idle Exhau st"/>

<pollutantprocessassociation pollutantkey="1" pollutantname="Total Gaseous Hydrocarbons" processkey="90" processname="Extende d Idle Exhaust"/>

<pollutantprocessassociation pollutantkey="87" pollutantname="Volatile Organic Compounds" processkey="1" processname="Running Exhaust"/>

<pollutantprocessassociation pollutantkey="87" pollutantname="Volatile Organic Compounds" processkey= "2" processname="Start Exhaust"/>

<pollutantprocessassociation pollutantkey="87" pollutantname="Volatile Organic Compounds" processkey="11" processname="Evap P ermeation"/>

<pollutantprocessassociation pollutantkey="87" pollutantname="Volatile Organic Compo unds" processkey="12" processname="Evap Fuel Vapor Venting"/>

<pollutantprocessassociation pollutantkey="87" pollutantname="Volatile Organic Compounds" processkey="13" processname="Evap F uel Leaks"/>

<pollutantprocessassociation pollutantkey="87" pollutant name="Volatile Organic Compounds" processkey="15" processname="Crankcase Running Exhaust"/>

<pollutantprocessassociation pollutantkey="87" pollutantname="Volatile Organic Compounds" processkey="16" processname="Crankc ase Start Exhaust"/>

<pollutantprocessa ssociation pollutantkey="87" pollutantname="Volatile Organic Compounds" processkey="17" processname="Crankcase Extended Idle Exhaust"/>

<pollutantprocessassociation pollutantkey="87" pollutantname="Volatile Organic Compounds" processkey="90" processname="E xtended Idle Exhaust"/>

<pollutantprocessassociation pollutantkey="110" pollutantname="Primary Exhaust PM2.5

- Total" processkey="1" processname="Running Exhaust"/>

<pollutantprocessassociation pollutantkey="110" pollutantname="Primary Exhaust PM2.5

- Total" processkey="2" processname="Start Exhaust"/>

<pollutantprocessassociation pollutantkey="110" pollutantname="Primary Exhaust PM2.5

- Total" processkey="15" processname="Crankcase Running Exhaust"/>

<pollutantprocessassociation pollutantkey="110" poll utantname="Primary Exhaust PM2.5

- Total" processkey="16" processname="Crankcase Start Exhaust"/>

<pollutantprocessassociation pollutantkey="110" pollutantname="Primary Exhaust PM2.5

- Total" processkey="17" processname="Crankcase Extended Idle Exhaust"/>

<pollutantprocessassociation pollutantkey="110" pollutantname="Primary Exhaust PM2.5

- Total" processkey="90" processname="Extended Idle Exhaust"/>

<pollutantprocessassociation pollutantkey="116" pollutantname="Primary PM2.5

- Brakewear Particulate" proces skey="9" processname="Brakewear"/>

<pollutantprocessassociation pollutantkey="112" pollutantname="Primary PM2.5

- Elemental Carbon" processkey="1" processname="Running Exhaust"/>

<pollutantprocessassociation pollutantkey="112" pollutantname="Primary PM2.5

- Elemental Carbon" processkey="2" processname="Start Exhaust"/>

<pollutantprocessassociation pollutantkey="112" pollutantname="Primary PM2.5

- Elemental Carbon" processkey="15" processname="Crankcase Running Exhaust"/>

<pollutantprocessassociation polluta ntkey="112" pollutantname="Primary PM2.5

- Elemental Carbon" processkey="16" processname="Crankcase Start Exhaust"/>

<pollutantprocessassociation pollutantkey="112" pollutantname="Primary PM2.5

- Elemental Carbon" processkey="17" processname="Crankcase Ext ended Idle Exhaust"/>

<pollutantprocessassociation pollutantkey="112" pollutantname="Primary PM2.5

- Elemental Carbon" processkey="90" processname="Extended Idle Exhaust"/>

<pollutantprocessassociation pollutantkey="111" pollutantname="Primary PM2.5

- Orga nic Carbon" processkey="1" processname="Running Exhaust"/>

<pollutantprocessassociation pollutantkey="111" pollutantname="Primary PM2.5

- Organic Carbon" processkey="2" processname="Start Exhaust"/>

<pollutantprocessassociation pollutantkey="111" pollutant name="Primary PM2.5

- Organic Carbon" processkey="15" processname="Crankcase Running Exhaust"/>

<pollutantprocessassociation pollutantkey="111" pollutantname="Primary PM2.5

- Organic Carbon" processkey="16" processname="Crankcase Start Exhaust"/>

<pollutan tprocessassociation pollutantkey="111" pollutantname="Primary PM2.5

- Organic Carbon" processkey="17" processname="Crankcase Extended Idle Exhaust"/>

<pollutantprocessassociation pollutantkey="111" pollutantname="Primary PM2.5

- Organic Carbon" processkey= "90" processname="Extended Idle Exhaust"/>

<pollutantprocessassociation pollutantkey="115" pollutantname="Primary PM2.5

- Sulfate Particulate" processkey="1" processname="Running Exhaust"/>

<pollutantprocessassociation pollutantkey="115" pollutantname="Pri mary PM2.5

- Sulfate Particulate" processkey="2" processname="Start Exhaust"/>

<pollutantprocessassociation pollutantkey="115" pollutantname="Primary PM2.5

- Sulfate Particulate" processkey="15" processname="Crankcase Running Exhaust"/>

<pollutantprocessas sociation pollutantkey="115" pollutantname="Primary PM2.5

- Sulfate Particulate" processkey="16" processname="Crankcase Start Exhaust"/>

<pollutantprocessassociation pollutantkey="115" pollutantname="Primary PM2.5

- Sulfate Particulate" processkey="17" pro cessname="Crankcase Extended Idle Exhaust"/>

<pollutantprocessassociation pollutantkey="115" pollutantname="Primary PM2.5

- Sulfate Particulate" processkey="90" processname="Extended Idle Exhaust"/>

<pollutantprocessassociation pollutantkey="117" pollutant name="Primary PM2.5

- Tirewear Particulate" processkey="10" processname="Tirewear"/>

<pollutantprocessassociation pollutantkey="91" pollutantname="Total Energy Consumption" processkey="1" processname="Running E xhaust"/>

<pollutantprocessassociation polluta ntkey="91" pollutantname="Total Energy Consumption" processkey="2" processname="Start Exhaust"/>

<pollutantprocessassociation pollutantkey="91" pollutantname="Total Energy Consumption" processkey="90" processname="Extended Idle Exhaust"/>

< pollutantprocessassociation pollutantkey="100" pollutantname="Primary Exhaust PM10

- Total" processkey="1" processname="Running Exhaust"/>

<pollutantprocessassociation pollutantkey="100" pollutantname="Primary Exhaust PM10

- Total" processkey="2" process name="Start Exhaust"/>

<pollutantprocessassociation pollutantkey="100" pollutantname="Primary Exhaust PM10

- Total" processkey="15" processname="Crankcase Running Exhaust"/>

<pollutantprocessassociation pollutantkey="100" pollutantname="Primary Exhaust PM 10

- Total" processkey="16" processname="Crankcase Start Exhaust"/>

<pollutantprocessassociation pollutantkey="100" pollutantname="Primary Exhaust PM10

- Total" processkey="17" processname="Crankcase Extended Idle Exhaust"/>Appendix D

- 3 6 <pollutantprocessassociation pollutantkey="100" pollutantname="Primary Exhaust PM10

- Total" processkey="90" processname="Extended Idle Exhaust"/>

<pollutantprocessassociation pollutantkey="106" pollutantname="Primary PM10

- Brakewear Particulate" processkey="9" processname="Brakewea r"/>

<pollutantprocessassociation pollutantkey="102" pollutantname="Primary PM10

- Elemental Carbon" processkey="1" processname="Running Exhaust"/>

<pollutantprocessassociation pollutantkey="102" pollutantname="Primary PM10

- Elemental Carbon" processkey=" 2" processname="Start Exhaust"/>

<pollutantprocessassociation pollutantkey="102" pollutantname="Primary PM10

- Elemental Carbon" processkey="15" processname="Crankcase Running Exhaust"/>

<pollutantprocessassociation pollutantkey="102" pollutantname="Primar y PM10

- Elemental Carbon" processkey="16" processname="Crankcase Start Exhaust"/>

<pollutantprocessassociation pollutantkey="102" pollutantname="Primary PM10

- Elemental Carbon" processkey="17" processname="Crankcase Extended Idle Exhaust"/>

<pollutantpro cessassociation pollutantkey="102" pollutantname="Primary PM10

- Elemental Carbon" processkey="90" processname="Extended Idle Exhaust"/>

<pollutantprocessassociation pollutantkey="101" pollutantname="Primary PM10

- Organic Carbon" processkey="1" processnam e="Running Exhaust"/>

<pollutantprocessassociation pollutantkey="101" pollutantname="Primary PM10

- Organic Carbon" processkey="2" processname="Start Exhaust"/>

<pollutantprocessassociation pollutantkey="101" pollutantname="Primary PM10

- Organic Carbon" p rocesskey="15" processname="Crankcase Running Exhaust"/>

<pollutantprocessassociation pollutantkey="101" pollutantname="Primary PM10

- Organic Carbon" processkey="16" processname="Crankcase Start Exhaust"/>

<pollutantprocessassociation pollutantkey="101" p ollutantname="Primary PM10

- Organic Carbon" processkey="17" processname="Crankcase Extended Idle Exhaust"/>

<pollutantprocessassociation pollutantkey="101" pollutantname="Primary PM10

- Organic Carbon" processkey="90" processname="Extended Idle Exhaust"/>

<pollutantprocessassociation pollutantkey="105" pollutantname="Primary PM10

- Sulfate Particulate" processkey="1" processname="Running Exhaust"/>

<pollutantprocessassociation pollutantkey="105" pollutantname="Primary PM10

- Sulfate Particulate" processkey ="2" processname="Start Exhaust"/>

<pollutantprocessassociation pollutantkey="105" pollutantname="Primary PM10

- Sulfate Particulate" processkey="15" processname="Crankcase Running Exhaust"/>

<pollutantprocessassociation pollutantkey="105" pollutantname="P rimary PM10

- Sulfate Particulate" processkey="16" processname="Crankcase Start Exhaust"/>

<pollutantprocessassociation pollutantkey="105" pollutantname="Primary PM10

- Sulfate Particulate" processkey="17" processname="Crankcase Extended Idle Exhaust"/>

<p ollutantprocessassociation pollutantkey="105" pollutantname="Primary PM10

- Sulfate Particulate" processkey="90" processname="Extended Idle Exhaust"/>

<pollutantprocessassociation pollutantkey="107" pollutantname="Primary PM10

- Tirewear Particulate" proce sskey="10" processname="Tirewear"/>

<pollutantprocessassociation pollutantkey="116" pollutantname="Primary PM2.5

- Brakewear Particulate" processkey="9" processname="Brakewear"/>

<pollutantprocessassociation pollutantkey="117" pollutantname="Primary PM2.5

- Tirewear Particulate" processkey="10" processname="Tirewear"/>

<pollutantprocessassociation pollutantkey="91" pollutantname="Total Energy Consumption" processkey="1" processname="Running E xhaust"/>

<pollutantprocessassociation pollutantkey="91" pollutantname="Total Energy Consumption" processkey="2" processname="Start Exhaust"/>

<pollutantprocessassociation pollutantkey="91" pollutantname="Total Energy Consumption" processkey="90" processname="Extended Idle Exhaust"/>

<pollutantprocessassociation pollutantkey="31" pollutantname="Sulfur Dioxide (SO2)" processkey="1" processname="Running Exhaust"/>

<pollutantprocessassociation pollutantkey="31" pollutantname="Sulfur Dioxide (SO2)" processkey="2" processname="Start Exhaust "/>

<pollutantprocessassocia tion pollutantkey="31" pollutantname="Sulfur Dioxide (SO2)" processkey="15" processname="Crankcase Running Exhaust"/>

<pollutantprocessassociation pollutantkey="31" pollutantname="Sulfur Dioxide (SO2)" processkey="16" processname="Crankcase St art Exhaust"/ >
<pollutantprocessassociation pollutantkey="31" pollutantname="Sulfur Dioxide (SO2)" processkey="17" processname="Crankcase Ex tended Idle Exhaust"/>

<pollutantprocessassociation pollutantkey="31" pollutantname="Sulfur Dioxide (SO2)" processkey="90" proces sname="Extended Idle Exhaust"/>

<pollutantprocessassociation pollutantkey="91" pollutantname="Total Energy Consumption" processkey="1" processname="Running E xhaust"/>

<pollutantprocessassociation pollutantkey="91" pollutantname="Total Energy Consumption" p rocesskey="2" processname="Start Exhaust"/>

<pollutantprocessassociation pollutantkey="91" pollutantname="Total Energy Consumption" processkey="90" processname="Extended Idle Exhaust"/>

<pollutantprocessassociation pollutantkey="30" pollutantname="Ammonia (NH3)" processkey="1" processname="Running Exhaust"/>

<pollutantprocessassociation pollutantkey="30" pollutantname="Ammonia (NH3)" processkey="2" processname="Start Exhaust"/>

<pollutantprocessassociation pollutantkey="30" pollutantname="Ammonia (NH3)" pro cesskey="15" processname="Crankcase Running Exhaust"/>

<pollutantprocessassociation pollutantkey="30" pollutantname="Ammonia (NH3)" processkey="16" processname="Crankcase Start Exh aust"/>

<pollutantprocessassociation pollutantkey="30" pollutantname="Ammoni a (NH3)" processkey="17" processname="Crankcase Extended Idle Exhaust"/>

<pollutantprocessassociation pollutantkey="30" pollutantname="Ammonia (NH3)" processkey="90" processname="Extended Idle Exhau st"/>
</pollutantprocessassociations>

<databases elections> <databaseselection servername="localhost" databasename="early_NLEV" description=""/>
<databaseselection servername="localhost" databasename="calevii08" description=""/>

</databaseselections>

<inputdatabase servername="" databasename="" description=""/>

<uncertaintyparameters uncertaintymodeenabled="false" numberofrunspersimulation="0" numberofsimulations="0"/>

<geographicoutputdetail description="COUNTY"/>

<outputemissionsbreakdownselection>
<modelyear selected="false"/>

< fueltype selected="false"/>
<emissionprocess selected="true"/>

<onroadoffroad selected="true"/>

<roadtype selected="true"/>
<sourceusetype selected="true"/>

<movesvehicletype selected="false"/>

<onroadscc selected="false"/>

<o ffroadscc selected="false"/>

<estimateuncertainty selected="false" numberOfIterations="2" keepSampledData="false" keepIterations="false"/>

<sector selected="false"/>

<engtechid selected="false"/>

<hpclass selected="fals e"/>
</outputemissionsbreakdownselection>

(Specify output database file name for county being run) <outputdatabase servername="localhost" databasename="42011_2025_00_25_Avgann_mo" description=""/>>

<outputtimestep value="Month"/>

<outputvmtdata value="true"/>Appendix D

- 3 7 <outputsho value="true"/>

<outputsh value="true"/>
<outputshp value="true"/>

<outputshidling value="true"/>

<outputstarts value="true"/>
<outputpopulation value="true"/>

(Specify inpu t database file name for county being run) <scaleinputdatabase servername="localhost" databasename="42011_2025_00_25_Avgann_mi" description=""/>

<pmsize value="0"/>

<outputfactors>

<timefactors selected="true" units="Hours"/>

<distancefactors selected="false" units="Miles"/>

<massfactors selected="false" units="Grams" energyunits="Million BTU"/>
</outputfactors>

<savedata>

</savedata>

<donotexecute>

</donotexecute>

<generatordat abase shouldsave="false" servername="" databasename="" description=""/>

<donotperformfinalaggregation selected="false"/>

<lookuptableflags scenarioid="" truncateoutput="false" truncateactivity="false"/>

<internalcontrolstrategies>

<internalc ontrolstrategy classname="gov.epa.otaq.moves.master.implementation.ghg.internalcontrolstrategies.rateofprogress.RateOfProgres sStrategy"><![CDATA[

useParameters No

]]></internalcontrolstrategy>

</internalcontrolstrategies>
</runspec>

# APPENDIX E1

PA NONROAD SOURCE EMISSIONS

ESTIMATION METHODOLOGY

Bureau of Air Quality
Department of Environmental Protection

### [ This page blank intentionally left blank

. ]

## APPENDIX E

- 1

PENNSYLVANIA NONROAD SOURCE EMISSIONS

ESTIMATION METHODOLOGY

Bureau of Air Quality
Department of Environmental Protection

### 1



## METHODOLOGY FOR ESTI MATING NONROAD EMISS IONS

I. INTRODUCTION

This following methodology provides a description of the procedures used to generate 2002 county

- level
pollutant emission estimates for nonroad mobile engines included in the United States Environmental Protection Agency’s (EPA’s) NONROAD2005 model and the National Mobile Inventory Model.

E mission estimates for l ocomotive engines and aircraft operations were estimated separately . For the
NONROAD2005 model engines, emission estimates were calculated for particulate matter ( PM10 and

PM2.5), sulfur dioxide (SO2), nitrogen oxides (NOx), volatil e organic compounds (VOCs), and

ammonia (NH3). Revised geographic allocation files for NONROAD model option files and revised
housing unit data used for the model runs are also included.



## II. 2002 NONROAD MODEL S OURCE CATEGORY EMISS IONS

The Department used EPA’s Final NONROAD2005 Model to generate 2002 emissions for Berks
County. The Department prepared NONROAD2005 model option files that account for temperatures
and gasoline Reid vapor pressure (RVP) values representative of the ar ea. Pennsylvania was separated

into four climate zones for the Maintenance Plans: East North, East South, West North, and West South
for the inventories for all maintenance plans. A five

- county area in East South and a seven

- county area

in West South we re calculated separately because of the fuel regulatory requirements in those areas.
The summertime RVP value used for each region was 9.0 except where noted. Minimum, maximum,
and average temperatures for July for each region were obtained from the Penn sylvania State
Climatologist website, Pennsylvania State Climatologist, Penn State University, 2002 Temperature Data
by Weather Station which is available at http://pasc.met.psu.edu/PA_C limatologist/cityform.html . The
RVP and temperature inputs were applied to all equipment categories to obtain both summer day and

annual emissions.

Table 1 lists the counties included in each of the four regions and the weather station where the

tempe rature data were obtained for each of the regions. Table 2 presents the RVP and temperature data
used in the model runs for each region of Pennsylvania.

### 2 Table 1. Regions of Pennsylvania and Associated PM2.5 Maintenance Areas

Region Weather Station Counties in Region FIPSST FIPSCNTY

East North Scranton None 42

East South Harrisburg Berks County Bucks County* Chester County* 42

42

42 011

017

029 Cumberland County 42 041 Dauphin County Delaware County* 42

42 043

045 Lancaster County 42 071 Lebanon County Lehigh County Montgomery County* Northampton County Philadelphia County* 42

42

42

42

42 075

077

091

095

101 York County 42 133

* Philadelphia area

West North Erie None 42

West South Altoona Allegheny Co unty* 42 003 Armstrong County* 42 005 Beaver County* 42 007 Butler County* 42 019 Cambria County 42 021 Greene County 42 059 Indiana County 42 063 Lawrence County 42 073 Washington County* 42 125 Westmoreland County* 42 129

*Pi ttsburgh area

### 3 Table 2. NONROAD Model Temperature and RVP Inputs

Temperature*

Region Season Maximum Minimum Average RVP**

East North Spring 59 40 50

9.0

Summer 83 60 72

Autumn 60 42 51

Winter 40 24 32

East S outh Spring 62 42 52

9.0

Summer 86 66 76

Autumn 63 46 55

Winter 43 26 35

Philadelphia Spring 65 45 55

6.7

Summer 87 69 78

Autumn 66 51 58

Winter 46 31 38

Pittsburgh Spring 60 39 50 9.0

Summer 84 63 73 7.8

Autumn 61 44 53 8.8

Wi nter 41 26 34 9.0

West North Spring 55 37 46

9.0

Summer 80 63 71

Autumn 60 46 53

Winter 39 27 33

West South Spring 59 38 48

9.0

Summer 82 60 71

Autumn 60 43 51

Winter 40 25 32

* Temperature in degrees Fahrenheit ** RVP in pounds per square inch (psi)



### EPA

- recommended diesel fuel sulfur levels for marine and land equipment for all years were used as
inputs to the model, as outlined in Diesel Fuel Sulfur Inputs for the Draft NONROAD2004 Model used

in the 2004 Nonroad Diesel Engine Fuel Rule , April 27, 2004.

In past versions of the NONROAD model, state recreational marine vessels populations were
underestimated when compared to boat registrations tracked by the Pennsylvania Fish and Boat

Commission (PFBC). EPA’s population of recreational marine vessels in the model now seem more
representative of the number of boat registrations that the Pennsylvania Fish and Boat Commission

tracks. We used EPA’s default values in the model runs. We also examined geographic allocation
factors for residential lawn and garden equipment. These improvements are discussed further in the next
section. All other categories rely on default data included in the model for population and activity

estimates.

Residential Lawn and Garden Equipment

The EPA’s NONROAD2005 model uses 2003 U.S. Census data of all housing units in Pennsylvania to
allocate residential lawn and garden equipment, even though EPA guidance states that emissions should

be based onl y on the number of single detached, single attached, and double housing units. EPA’s
method in the NONROAD2005 model alters the allocation of lawn and garden emissions in some
Pennsylvania counties significantly. The Department used data obtained by E.H. Pechan from the 2000

### 4

Census, updated to 2002, and used in the state’s 2002 inventory on the number of single detached, single
attached, and double housing units for both the State and all counties in the state. Table 3 presents the

Census data (Bureau of the Census, 2003), which can be found in 2000 County and State Housing Units
by Unit Type, Census 2000, http://factfinder.census.gov/servlet/. The total number of housing units was
incorporated into the NONROAD2005 model geographic allocation factor file , PA HOUSE.ALO, for
use in allocating state

- level lawn and garden equipment populations to all Pennsylvania counties for

2002.

Table 3. Number of Single and Double

- Family Housing Units from 2002 Census

County # 1

- Unit Detached

Ho using Units # 1

- Unit Attached

Housing Units # 2

- Unit

Housing Units Total # of

Housing Units

Adams 24,549 2,206 1,490 28,245 Allegheny 345,479 46,899 29,002 421,380 Armstrong 22,268 824 1,014 24,106

Beaver 54,418 2,312 2,863 59,593

Bedford 14,684 24 8 501 15,433

Berks 78,946 32,377 5,803 117,126

Blair 36,919 1,844 2,668 41,431

Bradford 16,861 232 1,224 18,317

Bucks 141,951 30,506 5,425 177,882

Butler 46,271 2,523 2,215 51,009

Cambria 44,453 3,795 2,882 51,130

Cameron 1,749 35 176 1,960

Carbon 14,431 5,104 990 20,525

Centre 27,786 2,691 1,749 32,226

Chester 99,549 25,911 3,155 128,615

Clarion 11,635 118 471 12,224

Clearfield 24,829 412 1,064 26,305

Clinton 10,141 662 711 11,514

Columbia 16,856 1,328 1,388 19,572

Crawford 24,430 397 1,933 26,760

Cumberland 51,934 10,450 2,792 65,176
Dauphin 52,961 20,195 3,848 77,004

Delaware 93,642 64,529 9,361 167,532

Elk 11,355 79 807 12,241

Erie 70,504 2,955 9,504 82,963 Fayette 41,679 3,094 2,473 47,246

Forest 1,660 8 18 1,686

Franklin 34,720 4 ,292 2,073 41,085

Fulton 4,084 56 133 4,273

Greene 10,387 481 416 11,284 Huntingdon 12,463 331 686 13,480

Indiana 23,215 825 1,232 25,272

Jefferson 14,276 237 729 15,242

Juniata 6,455 355 166 6,976

Lackawanna 53,357 3,328 12,626 69,311

Lancaster 98 ,364 32,122 7,370 137,856

Lawrence 28,316 799 1,489 30,604

Lebanon 27,272 8,647 2,225 38,144 Lehigh 59,753 29,474 5,118 94,345

Luzerne 82,363 15,404 9,435 107,202 Lycoming 31,568 2,812 2,998 37,378

McKean 13,794 158 972 14,924

Mercer 34,859 735 1,81 7 37,411

### 5 Table 3. Number of Single and Double

- Family Housing Units from 2002 Census

County # 1

- Unit Detached

Ho using Units # 1

- Unit Attached

Housing Units # 2

- Unit

Housing Units Total # of

Housing Units

Mifflin 12,327 1,788 966 15,081

Monroe 40,696 1,726 1,457 43,879 Montgomery 163,211 53,370 9,599 226,180

Montour 4,769 645 346 5,760 Northampton 60,344 19,729 4,755 84,828

Northumberland 21,955 9,280 1,657 32,892 Perry 12,209 733 398 13,340
Philadelphia 48,724 359,877 46,425 455,026

Pike 15,501 395 299 16,195

Potter 5,263 62 281 5,606 Schuylkill 32,695 17,989 2,092 52,776 Snyder 10,263 644 526 11,433

Somerset 22,159 1,236 1,312 24,707

Sullivan 2,165 18 84 2,267 Susquehanna 12,139 180 711 13,030 Tioga 11,076 150 753 11,979

Union 9,341 652 527 10,520 Venango 17,197 227 1,080 18,504

Warren 13,031 239 930 14,200 Washington 60,711 3,891 3,187 67,789 Wayne 14,311 249 750 15,310

Westmoreland 113,694 4,839 5,997 124,530 Wyoming 7,858 159 412 8,429

York 95,921 20,218 6,102 122,241

Total 2,724,746 860,086 235,658 3,820,490



### After the model runs, model outputs were processed to develop emissions inventories for PM10,

PM2.5, SO2, NOx, VOC, and NH3 . Nonroad equipme nt refueling, either by portable container or at the gasoline pump, is being accounted for under Pennsylvania’s area source inventory. As
such, spillage and vapor displacement VOC emission estimates were subtracted from the total

VOC emission estimates fo r all NONROAD model emissions. Therefore, only exhaust,
crankcase, and evaporative diurnal components are included in these VOC estimates.

Emissions from nonroad equipment were tabulated in both source classification code and
category format. Immaterial rounding errors may exist when comparing the two formats due to
different arithmetic operations performed inside and outside the NONROAD model for the two

formats.



## III. 2002 LOCOMOTIVE EMIS SIONS

Much of the lo comotive emissions were obtain ed from a 1999 survey conducted by the
Department included hydrocarbon (HC) and NO

x 

### for the following locomotive source categories:

2285002006 : Railroad Equipment, Diesel, Line Haul Locomotives: Class I Operations

2285002007: Railroad Equipment, Diesel, Line Haul Loc omotives: Class II/III Operations
2285002008: Railroad Equipment, Diesel, Line Haul Locomotives: Passenger Trains (Amtrak)

### 6

2285002010: Railroad Equipment, Diesel, Yard Locomotives

All line haul locomotive emissions were grouped into one SCC category in the appendix, 2285002005.

Norfolk Southern and CSX Corporations purchased Conrail. The takeover of Conrail’s assets
occurred in June 1999. For that reason, it was a very bad time to develop a representative
emission inventory for these railroads. Both Conrail and Norfolk Southern suffered major
gridlock in Pennsylvania and beyond during 1999. Consequently, fuel consumption and air

emissions for these two railroads were greatly reduced in 1999. Therefore, the Department
requested and received 2002 fue l usage from these railroad companies and developed a 2002
emissions inventory for them. Fuel consumption showed an increase of 60 percent from 1999 to
2002 for these companies, clearly not due to normal economic growth.

Emissions from all other railro ad companies operating in Pennsylvania in 1999 were grown with
a growth factor to obtain 2002 emissions.

To estimate VOC emissions from HC, the Department applied a VOC/HC conversion factor of

1.005 to the HC emissions. This convers ion factor was obtained from EPA’s Documentation for
Aircraft, Commercial Marine Vessel, Locomotive, and Other Nonroad Components of the
National Emission Inventory, Volume I: Methodology (EPA, 2002).



## IV. AIRCRAFT EMISSIONS

Emissions from air carriers for 2002 are estimated using the Emissions & Dispersion Modeling
System (EDMS) 4.20. Very few of the aircraft operations in Berks County are considered to be
air carrier operations (an aircraft that can seat more than 60 passengers). Air carrier aircraft
operations were insignificant in Berks County, less than 100 per year, and were not modeled by
the EDMS model directly. A description of EDMS calculation methods is included because
some information from the model is used in estimating emissions from the smaller airports in the

county.

Commercial airport operations data. Airport specific data on operations were found at
www.transtats.bts.gov and also the FAA’s Terminal Area Forecast found at
http://www.a po.data.faa.gov. Operations data on all significantly large regional airports in
Pennsylvania could be found at this website, although some of the airports modeled supported
very few commercial flights. The Department used default values in the EDMS model for
aircraft engines and service equipment for each aircraft type. These emissions covered all air
carrier and air taxi service at these airports.

Mixing height in EDMS. It was determined that a better mixing height than the model’s default

value coul d be used in EDMS. Upper air meteorological data available from Sterling Virginia in
combination with surface data measurements taken at the Philadelphia International Airport
generated 1

- hr mixing heights in the meteorological preprocessor model PCRAMMET , EPA,

PCRAMMET (software), Research Triangle Park, NC, June 1999. All mixing heights between
10 a.m. and 6 p.m. were not considered when generating these averages because an extremely

### 7

small percentage of flight operations occur between those hours. The average summer mixing
height was 4,428 feet for airports in the Eastern Penn sylvania, including airports in Berks
County. The default value of 3000 feet was used for all other airports.

Air taxi emission estimation methodology. Air taxi operations occur principally at Reading
Airport . The Department used emission factors from EDMS for a common aircraft used in air
taxi service to calculate emissions from air taxi operations. Air taxi ground support equipment
emission estimates produced by the NONROAD mo del were used.

Small airport emission estimation methodology. Small aircraft emissions were calculated by
using small airport operation statistics, which can be found at www.airnav.com . An emissions

factor for a t ypical air general aviation single engine, multi

- engine, and jet engine aircraft were
derived by averaging the emissions factors from a basket of emission factors for common aircraft
of each of the three types of aircraft. Emission factors and operational characteristics contained
in EDMS were used. The proportion of operations between the three groups of aircraft was
determined by examining the number of each aircraft type based at each airport. For military
operations at small airports, the type of air craft and its emission factors are sometimes identifiable. If not, emission factors calculated to represent an “average” military aircraft are

used.

# APPENDIX E 2

BERKS COUNTY

NONROAD SOURCE EMISSIONS

– 2002

(Provided in Electronic Form Only)

Bureau of Air Quality
Department of Environmental Protection

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# APPENDIX E 3

BERKS COUNTY

NONROAD SOURCE EMISSIONS

2007, 2017, 2025

(Provided in Electronic Form Only)

Bureau of Air Quality
Department of Environmental Protection

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