# Patent

## Title
Method and system for reducing storage requirements of simulation data via keyword restrictions

## Abstract

Disclosed herein is a method of managing data results of simulation processing of a hardware description language (HDL) model based upon keywords. In accordance with the method, a restriction list associated with the HDL model is received. The HDL model has a maximum number of possible keyword/value pairs sets for which result data can be obtained, and the restriction list specifies a fewer number of keyword/value pair sets for which the result data can be queried based upon at least one keyword. In response to receipt of result data obtained by simulation of the HDL model, the result data are stored within a data storage subsystem by reference to the restriction list, such that particular result data attributable to each of the plurality of keyword/value sets is separately accessible.

## Background
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS
The present application is a continuation-in-part of co-pending U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/116,524 filed on Apr. 4, 2002, and entitled “C-API INSTRUMENTATION FOR HDL MODELS.”
The present application is also related to the following U.S. patent applications:

    
    
        (1) U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/355,684 entitled “METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR REDUCING STORAGE AND TRANSMISSION REQUIREMENTS FOR SIMULATION RESULTS”; and
        (2) U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/366,438 and entitled “METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR SELECTIVELY STORING AND RETRIEVING SIMULATION DATA UTILIZING KEYWORDS.”
    
    


All three of the above-mentioned patent applications are assigned to the assignee of the present invention and incorporated herein by reference in their entireties.


BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
1. Technical Field
The present invention relates in general to designing and simulating digital devices, modules and systems, and in particular, to a method and system for computer simulation of digital devices, modules and systems utilizing a hardware description language (HDL) model. More particularly, the present invention relates to a method and system for reducing storage requirements of simulation result data utilizing keyword restrictions.
2. Description of the Related Art
Verifying the logical correctness of a digital design and debugging the design, if necessary, are very important steps in most digital design processes. Logic networks are tested either by actually building networks or by simulating networks on a computer. As logic networks become highly complex, it becomes necessary to simulate a design before the design is actually built. This is especially true when the design is implemented as an integrated circuit, since the fabrication of integrated circuits requires considerable time and correction of mistakes is quite costly. The goal of digital design simulation is the verification of the logical correctness of the design.
In a typical automated design process that,is supported by a conventional electronic computer-aided design (ECAD) system, a designer enters a high-level description utilizing a hardware description language (HDL), such as VHDL, producing a representation of the various circuit blocks and their interconnections. The ECAD system compiles the design description into a format that is best suited for simulation. A simulator is then utilized to verify the logical correctness of the design prior to developing a circuit layout.
A simulator is typically a software tool that operates on a digital representation, or simulation model of a circuit, and a list of input stimuli representing inputs of the digital system. A simulator generates a numerical representation of the response of the circuit, which may then either be viewed on the display screen as a list of values or further interpreted, often by a separate software program, and presented on the display screen in graphical form. The simulator may be run either on a general-purpose computer or on another piece of electronic apparatus, typically attached to a general purpose computer, specially designed for simulation. Simulators that run entirely in software on a general-purpose computer will hereinafter be referred to as “software simulators”. Simulators that are run with the assistance of specially designed electronic apparatus will hereinafter be referred to as “hardware simulators”.
Usually, software simulators perform a very large number of calculations and operate slowly from the user's point of view. In order to optimize performance, the format of the simulation model is designed for very efficient use by the simulator. Hardware simulators, by nature, require that the simulation model comprising the circuit description be communicated in a specially designed format. In either case, a translation from an HDL description to a simulation format, hereinafter referred to as a simulation executable model, is required.
The results obtained from running a simulation testcase against a simulation model may vary depending upon not only factors within the simulation model, but also factors outside of the simulation model. These external factors may include, for example, those controlling the set up of the simulation model or characteristics of the testcase.
A particular example of an external factor that influences simulation results is testcase strategy. In order to exercise complex simulation models, such as those simulating the logical behavior of microprocessors, testcases are commonly generated by testcase generation software having hundreds or thousands of different input parameters. Each set of testcases created from a menu of common input parameter values is called a testcase strategy. In order to achieve sufficient test coverage, the testcase generation software may generate testcases representing tens of thousands of different testcase strategies.
Understandably, simulation engineers are very interested in determining which testcase strategies provide the most useful simulation results so that the less helpful strategies can be eliminated and the bulk of simulation jobs can be performed utilizing testcases generated utilizing the better testcase strategies. In order to determine which testcase strategies are preferred, it is helpful if simulation engineers can view simulation results by testcase strategy.
One method of supporting this functionality is to build into the simulation model a separate set of event counters for each possible value of each external factor (e.g., testcase strategy) of interest. Then when simulation is performed, the value of the external factor can be supplied to the model as an input parameter, and the events detected during the simulation can be recorded in the appropriate set of counters. As can be seen from the example of testcase strategy, this approach would quickly lead to an unwieldy simulation model with possibly thousands of duplicate counter sets. Consequently, this approach to viewing simulation results based upon the value of selected external factors is impractical for most simulation environments. The present invention therefore recognizes that it would be useful and desirable to provide an improved method and apparatus for simulating a digital design that permit simulation results to be viewed based upon the value(s) of selected external factor(s).
The present invention also recognizes that tracking simulation data results by reference to external factors can lead to undesirably large data storage requirements. For example, assuming a simulation model having 10 external factors each having 10 possible values, simulation data may have to be separately tracked for at least 1010 different combinations of external factors and values. And if simulation result data for each day are separately recorded, tracking of simulation result data by reference to external factors and values could potentially result in the creation of 1010 separate data storage files per day. Even if in practice such a large number of simulation runs could not be performed in one day, the storage requirements of a simulation environment can become onerous unless measures are taken to restrict the number of external factors and values.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
A method, system, and program product are disclosed that permit simulation results to be stored and viewed based upon the value of selected external factors, referred to herein as “keywords.” In accordance with the present invention, result data obtained by simulation of at least one HDL model are received. In association with the result data, a plurality of value sets is received, where each value set includes at least one keyword having an associated value. Each keyword identifies a parameter external to the HDL model that affected the result data. The data results are stored within a data storage subsystem in association with the plurality of value sets such that particular result data are attributable to particular ones of the plurality of value sets. In one embodiment, a keyword table is built in the data storage system that indicates which data subdirectories store result data associated with particular value sets. The result data can then be queried based upon selected keywords of interest, for example, by reference to the keyword table.
The present invention prevents the storage requirements for simulation data from becoming unreasonably large by selectively restricting the number of permitted keyword/value pair set taken into consideration during simulation of a model. The HDL model has a maximum number of possible keyword/value pairs sets for which result data can be obtained. In accordance with one embodiment, a restriction list associated with the HDL model is received, where the restriction list specifies a fewer number of keyword/value pair sets for which the result data can be queried based upon at least one keyword. In response to receipt of result data obtained by simulation of the HDL model, the result data are stored within a data storage subsystem by reference to the restriction list, such that particular result data attributable to each of the plurality of keyword/value sets is separately accessible
All objects, features, and advantages of the present invention will become apparent in the following detailed written description.



BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
The novel features believed characteristic of the invention are set forth in the appended claims. The invention itself however, as well as a preferred mode of use, further objects and advantages thereof, will best be understood by reference to the following detailed description of an illustrative embodiment when read in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein:
FIG. 1 is a pictorial representation of a data processing system;
FIG. 2 depicts a representative hardware environment of the data processing system illustrated in FIG. 1;
FIG. 3A is a simplified block diagram illustrating a digital design entity that may be instrumented in accordance with the teachings of the present invention;
FIG. 3B is a diagrammatic representation depicting a simulation model that may be instrumented in accordance with the teachings of the present invention;
FIG. 3C is a flow diagram illustrating of a model build process that may be implemented in accordance with the teachings of the present invention;
FIG. 3D is a block diagram depicting data structures that may be instrumented in accordance with the teachings of the present invention;
FIG. 4A is a simplified block diagram representative of an instrumentation entity;
FIG. 4B is a simplified block diagram of a simulation model instrumented in accordance with the teachings of the present invention;
FIG. 4C illustrates exemplary sections of HDL syntax that maybe utilized in accordance with the teachings of the present invention;
FIG. 4D is a flow diagram depicting a model build process in accordance with the teachings of the present invention;
FIG. 4E is a block diagram representation of memory data structures constructed in accordance with the teachings of the present invention;
FIG. 5A is a logic diagram representation of a runtime disable mechanism in accordance with the teachings of the present invention;
FIG. 5B is a block diagram representation of functional units utilized to execute the method and system of the present invention on a hardware simulator in accordance with the teachings of the present invention;
FIG. 6A is a simplified gate level representation of an exemplary counting instrument with a runtime disable feature and automatic clocking adjustment in accordance with the teachings of the present invention;
FIG. 6B is a simplified timing diagram illustrating automatic clocking adjustment of counting instrumentation;
FIG. 7 depicts an alternative counting means that may be employed for counting events detected by instrumentation entities in accordance with the teachings of the present invention;
FIG. 8A illustrates a conventional finite state machine that may be instrumented with an embedded checker in accordance with the teachings of the present invention;
FIG. 8B depicts a conventional finite state machine design entity;
FIG. 8C illustrates a hardware description language file including embedded instrumentation in accordance with the teachings of the present invention;
FIG. 9 depicts a hardware description language design entity included embedded instrumentation in accordance with the teachings of the present invention;
FIG. 10A is a block diagram illustrating a simulation model containing a number of design and instrumentation entities;
FIG. 10B depicts a data structure for declaring an event within a simulation model in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 10C illustrates a list of extended event data structures for the simulation model in FIG. 10A;
FIG. 10D depicts a data structure for declaring an event within a simulation model in accordance with an alternate embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 11A is a block diagram illustrating a simulation model in which the hierarchical event processing of the present invention is applicable;
FIG. 11B depicts a set of input port mapping comments for performing hierarchical processing of simulation model events in accordance with a first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 11C illustrates a set of input port mapping comments for performing hierarchical processing of simulation model events in accordance with a second embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 12A depicts a representative target design entity with an instrumentation entity containing random instrumentation logic implemented in accordance with the teachings of the present invention;
FIG. 12B illustrates an exemplary HDL file for implementing instrumentation logic within an HDL design entity in accordance with the teachings of the present invention;
FIG. 13A depicts an exemplary design entity containing a multi-bit simulation signal;
FIG. 13B illustrates a design entity wherein signal injection is implemented in accordance with the teachings of the present invention;
FIG. 13C depicts an exemplary HDL source file that describes instrumentation entity in accordance with the teachings of the present invention;
FIG. 13D illustrates an HDL design entity source code file wherein a set of random instrumentation comments implement the logic necessary for selectively overriding a simulation signal in accordance with the teachings of the present invention;
FIG. 14A is a block diagram depicting data content within a main memory during a simulation run of a simulation model;
FIG. 14B is a block diagram illustrating data contents of a main memory during a simulation run in accordance with the teachings of the present invention;
FIG. 14C depicts an exemplary HDL source code file that describes an instrumentation entity in accordance with the teachings of the present invention;
FIG. 15 illustrates an eventlist file 1660 for the count events of simulation model 1000 shown in FIG. 10A;
FIG. 16A depicts a batch simulation farm in which a preferred embodiment of the present invention may be implemented;
FIG. 16B is a flow diagram illustrating a progression of events from the creation of a specific simulation model to the removal of that model from batch simulation farm and instrumentation server in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 16C is a flow diagram depicting steps performed during execution of a simulation job within a batch simulation farm in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 17A is a block diagram illustrating the active data content within a main memory during a simulation run of a simulation model within a batch simulation farm environment in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 17B depicts an aggregate data packet delivered by an API entry point routine to an instrumentation server in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 17C is a flow diagram illustrating a process by which the correctness of aggregate data packets received by an batch simulation farm instrumentation server is validated in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 18A illustrates memory contents of a simulation client during execution of a simulation job in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 18B is a flow diagram depicting steps performed by an API entry point in accessing a batch simulation farm instrumentation server to obtain a disable failure list in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 19A is a block diagram illustrating memory contents of a simulation client at the conclusion of a simulation job in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 19B is a flow diagram depicted a process by which a batch simulation farm instrumentation server processes fail event aggregate data packets in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 20A is a block diagram illustrating the active memory content of a simulation client during simulation model testing in which count event data delivered to an instrumentation server within a batch simulation farm environment in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 20B depicts an aggregate count event packet delivered by an API entry point routine to an instrumentation server in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 20C illustrates a count storage file maintained within a batch simulation farm instrumentation server in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 20D depicts a counter directory/subdirectory structure maintained within a batch simulation farm instrumentation server in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 20E illustrates a count event entity translation table derived from multiple entity list files in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 20F depicts a system applicable within a batch simulation farm for storing and accessing count event data in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 20G illustrates a hierarchical and a non-hierarchical basic counter output report in accordance with the teachings of the present invention;
FIG. 20H depicts a user-modifiable counter query data structure applicable to the counter storage and access system shown in FIG. 20F;
FIG. 20I is a flow diagram illustrating steps performed by a counter query engine program to produce a basic counter output report from a user query in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 21A depicts the creation of hierarchical and non-hierarchical event lists by the instrumentation load tool of FIG. 4D in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 21B illustrates a eventlist correlation data structure that correlates entries within a non-hierarchical eventlist with entries in a hierarchical event list (and associated count event registers) in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 21C is a high level logical flowchart of a method of creating a count event data packet in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 21D depicts an exemplary embodiment of a count event data packet delivered by an API entry point routine to an instrumentation server in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 21E illustrates a counter output directory structure maintained within a batch simulation farm instrumentation server in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 22A depicts an exemplary embodiment of a simulation client, illustrating an exemplary method by which keywords employed in a simulation job are set by an RTX in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 22B illustrates an exemplary count event data packet in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention that supports keywords;
FIG. 22C depicts a high level logical flowchart of an exemplary method by which an instrumentation server processes count event data packets providing keyword support in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 22D illustrates an exemplary counter output directory structure providing support for keyword queries in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 22E is a high level logical flowchart illustrating steps performed by a counter query engine program to produce a counter output report in response to a user query specifying one or more keywords in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 23A depicts an exemplary embodiment of a restriction list utilized to specify, prior to simulation, the particular keyword(s) (or keyword/value pair(s)) for which data may subsequently be queried;
FIG. 23B is a high level logical flowchart of an exemplary method of reducing the number of restrictions within a restrictions file;
FIG. 23C is a high level logical flowchart of an exemplary method by which an instrumentation server processes count event data packets in a simulation environment supporting keywords and keyword restrictions in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 23D illustrates an exemplary counter output directory structure providing support for keyword queries and keyword restrictions in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention; and
FIG. 23E is a high level logical flowchart of an exemplary method of servicing a query in a simulation environment employing keyword restrictions in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention.



DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF A PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
The present invention provides for accurate and comprehensive monitoring of a digital circuit design in which a designer creates instrumentation modules utilizing the same hardware description language (HDL) as utilized for the design itself. HDLs, while suited to the needs of digital designers can also be effectively utilized for a number of checking functions. In accordance with the Method and System of the present invention, instrumentation modules are utilized to monitor specified design parameters while not becoming compiled as an integral part of the design itself. Furthermore, since the instrumentation modules are written in the same HDL as utilized in the actual design, such modules are platform and simulator independent. Unlike checking done with C or C++ programs, HDL instrumentation can be compiled and run directly without loss of performance on hardware simulators.
With reference now to the figures, and in particular with reference to FIG. 1, there is depicted a pictorial representation of a data processing system 10 with which the present invention may be advantageously utilized. As illustrated, data processing system 10 comprises a workstation 12 to which one or more nodes 13 are connected. Workstation 12 preferably comprises a high performance multiprocessor computer, such as the RISC System/6000 or AS/400 computer systems available from International Business Machines Corporation (IBM). Workstation 12 preferably includes nonvolatile and volatile internal storage for storing software applications comprising an ECAD system, which can be utilized to develop and verify a digital circuit design in accordance with the method and system of the present invention. As depicted, nodes 13 are comprised of a display device 14, a keyboard 16, and a mouse 20. The ECAD software applications executed within workstation 12 preferably display a graphic user interface (GUI) within display screen 22 of display device 14 with which a digital circuit designer can interact using a keyboard 16 and mouse 20. Thus, by entering appropriate inputs utilizing keyboard 16 and mouse 20, the digital circuit designer is able to develop and verify a digital circuit design according to the method described further hereinbelow.
FIG. 2 depicts a representative hardware environment of data processing system 10. Data processing system 10 is configured to include all functional components of a computer and its associated hardware. Data processing system 10 includes a Central Processing Unit (“CPU”) 24, such as a conventional microprocessor, and a number of other units interconnected via system bus 26. CPU 24 includes a portion of data processing system 10 that controls the operation of the entire computer system, including executing the arithmetical and logical functions contained in a particular computer program. Although not depicted in FIG. 2, CPUs such as CPU 24 typically include a control unit that organizes data and program storage in a computer memory and transfers the data and other information between the various parts of the computer system. Such CPUs also generally include an arithmetic unit that executes the arithmetical and logical operations, such as addition, comparison, multiplications and so forth. Such components and units of data processing system 10 can be implemented in a system unit such as workstation 12 of FIG. 1.
Data processing system 10 further includes random-access memory (RAM) 28, read-only memory (ROM) 30, display adapter 32 for connecting system bus 26 to display device 14, and I/O adapter 34 for connecting peripheral devices (e.g., disk and tape drives 33) to system bus 26. RAM 28 is a type of memory designed such that the location of data stored in it is independent of the content. Also, any location in RAM 28 can be accessed directly without having to work through from the beginning. ROM 30 is a type of memory that retains information permanently and in which the stored information cannot be altered by a program or normal operation of a computer.
Display device 14 provides the visual output of data processing system 10. Display device 14 can be a cathode-ray tube (CRT) based video display well known in the art of computer hardware. However, with a portable or notebook-based computer, display device 14 can be replaced with a liquid crystal display (LCD) based or gas plasma-based flat-panel display. Data processing system 10 further includes user interface adapter 36 for connecting keyboard 16, mouse 20, speaker 38, microphone 40, and/or other user interface devices, such as a touch-screen device (not shown), to system bus 26. Speaker 38 is one type of audio device that may be utilized in association with the method and system provided herein to assist diagnosticians or computer users in analyzing data processing system 10 for system failures, errors, and discrepancies. Communications adapter 42 connects data processing system 10 to a computer network. Although data processing system 10 is shown to contain only a single CPU and a single system bus, it should be understood that the present invention applies equally to computer systems that have multiple CPUs and to computer systems that have multiple buses that each perform different functions in different ways.
Data processing system 10 also includes an interface that resides within a machine-readable media to direct the operation of data processing system 10. Any suitable machine-readable media may retain the interface, such as RAM 28, ROM 30, a magnetic disk, magnetic tape, or optical disk (the last three being located in disk and tape drives 33). Any suitable operating system and associated interface (e.g., Microsoft Windows) may direct CPU 24. For example, the AIX operating system and AIX Windows windowing system can direct CPU 24. The AIX operating system is IBM's implementation of the UNIXTM operating system. Other technologies also can be utilized in conjunction with CPU 24, such as touch-screen technology or human voice control.
Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the hardware depicted in FIG. 2 may vary for specific design and simulation applications. For example, other peripheral devices such as optical disk media, audio adapters, or chip programming devices, such as PAL or EPROM programming devices well-known in the art of computer hardware and the like, may be utilized in addition to or in place of the hardware already depicted. In addition, main memory 44 is connected to system bus 26, and includes a control program 46. Control program 46 resides within main memory 44, and contains instructions that, when executed on CPU 24, carries out the operations depicted in FIG. 4D and FIG. 4E described herein.
Simulated digital circuit design models are comprised of at least one and usually many sub-units referred to hereinafter as design entities. FIG. 3A is a block diagram representation of an exemplary design entity 300 in which the method and system of the present invention may be implemented. Design entity 300 is defined by a number of components: an entity name, entity ports, and a representation of the function performed by design entity 300. Each entity within a given model has a unique name (not explicitly shown in FIG. 3A) that is declared in the HDL description of each entity. Furthermore, each entity typically contains a number of signal interconnections, known as ports, to signals outside the entity. These outside signals may be primary input/outputs (I/Os) of an overall design or signals connecting to other entities within an overall design.
Typically, ports are categorized as belonging to one of three distinct types: input ports, output ports, and bi-directional ports. Design entity 300 is depicted in as having a number of input ports 303 that convey signals into design entity 300. Input ports 303 are connected to input signals 301. In addition, design entity 300 includes a number of output ports 306 that convey signals out of design entity 300. Output ports 306 are connected to a set of output signals 304. Bi-directional ports 305 are utilized to convey signals into and out of design entity 300. Bi-directional ports 305 are in turn connected to a set of bidirectional signals 309. An entity, such as design entity 300, need not contain ports of all three types, and in the degenerate case, contains no ports at all. To accomplish the connection of entity ports to external signals, a mapping technique, known as a “port map”, is utilized. A port map (not explicitly depicted in FIG. 3A) consists of a specified correspondence between entity port names and external signals to which the entity is connected. When building a simulation model, ECAD software is utilized to connect external signals to appropriate ports of the entity according to a port map specification.
Finally, design entity 300 contains a body section 308 that describes one or more functions performed by design entity 300. In the case of a digital design, body section 308 contains an interconnection of logic gates, storage elements, etc., in addition to instantiations of other entities. By instantiating an entity within another entity, a hierarchical description of an overall design is achieved. For example, a microprocessor may contain multiple instances of an identical functional unit. As such, the microprocessor itself will often be modeled as a single entity. Within the microprocessor entity, multiple instantiations of any duplicated functional entities will be present.
Referring now to FIG. 3B, there is illustrated a diagrammatic representation of an exemplary simulation model 329 that may be utilized in a preferred embodiment of the present invention. Simulation model 329 consists of multiple hierarchical entities. For visual simplicity and clarity, the ports and signals interconnecting the entities within simulation model 329 have not been explicitly shown. In any model, one and only one entity is the so-called “top-level entity”. A top-level entity 320 is that entity which encompasses all other entities within simulation model 329. That is to say, top-level entity 320 instantiates, either directly or indirectly, all descendant entities within a design. Simulation model 329 consists of top-level entity 320 which directly instantiates two instances, 321a and 321b, of an FXU entity 321 and a single instance of an FPU entity 322. Each instantiation has an associated description, which contains an entity name and a unique instantiation name. For top-level entity 320, description 310 is labeled “TOP:TOP”. Description 310 includes an entity name 312, labeled as the “TOP” preceding the colon, and also includes an instantiation name 314, labeled as the “TOP” following the colon.
It is possible for a particular entity to be instantiated multiple times as is depicted with instantiations 321a and 321b of FXU entity 321. Instantiations 321a and 321b are distinct instantiations of FXU entity 321 with instantiation names FXU0 and FXU1 respectively. Top-level entity 320 is at the highest level within the hierarchy of simulation model 329. An entity that instantiates a descendant entity will be referred to hereinafter as an “ancestor” of the descendant entity. Top-level entity 320 is therefore the ancestor that directly instantiates FXU entity instantiations 321a and 321b. At any given level of a simulation model hierarchy, the instantiation names of all instantiations must be unique.
In addition to FXU entity instantiations 321a and 321b, top-level entity 320 directly instantiates a single instance of a FPU entity 322 having an entity name FPU and instantiation name FPU0. Within an entity description, it is common for the entity name to match the instantiation name when only one instance of that particular entity is placed at a given level of a simulation model hierarchy. However, this is not required as shown by entity 322 (instantiation name FPU0, entity name FPU).
Within instantiation 321a of FXU entity 321, single instance entities 325a and 326a of entity A 325 and entity B 326 respectively, are directly instantiated. Similarly, instantiation 321b of the same FXU entity contains instantiations 325b and 326b of entity A 325 and entity B 326 respectively. In a similar manner, instantiation 326a and instantiation 326b each directly instantiate a single instance of entity C 327 as entities 327a and 327b respectively. The nesting of entities within other entities can continue to an arbitrary level of complexity provided that all entities instantiated, whether singly or multiply, have unique entity names and the instantiation names at any given level of the hierarchy are unique with respect to one another. Each entity is constructed from one or more HDL files that contain the information necessary to describe the entity.
Associated with each entity instantiation is a so called “instantiation identifier”. The instantiation identifier for a given instantiation is a string consisting of the enclosing entity instantiation names proceeding from the top-level entity instantiation name. For example, the instantiation identifier of instantiation 327a of entity C 327 within instantiation 321a of FXU entity 321 is “TOP.FXU0.B.C”. This identifier serves to uniquely identify each instantiation within a simulation model.
Referring now to FIG. 3C, there is depicted a flow diagram of a model build process which may be implemented in a preferred embodiment of the present invention. The process begins with one or more design entity HDL source code files 340 and, potentially, one or more design entity intermediate format files 345, hereinafter referred to as “proto files” 345, available from a previous run of an HDL compiler 342. HDL compiler 342 processes HDL file(s) 340 beginning with the top level entity of a simulation model and proceeding in a recursive fashion through all HDL or proto file(s) describing a complete simulation model. For each of HDL files 340 during the compilation process, HDL compiler 342, examines proto files 345 to determine if a previously compiled proto file is available and consistent. If such a file is available and consistent, HDL compiler 342 will not recompile that particular file, but will rather refer to an extant proto file. If no such proto file is available or the proto file is not consistent, HDL compiler 342 explicitly recompiles the HDL file 340 in question and creates a proto file 344, for use in subsequent compilations. Such a process will be referred to hereinafter as “incremental compilation” and can greatly speed the process of creating a simulation executable model 348. Incremental compilation is described in further detail hereinbelow. Once created by HDL compiler 342, Proto files 344 are available to serve as proto files 345 in subsequent compilations.
In addition to proto files 344, HDL compiler 342 also creates two sets of data structures, design entity proto data structures 341 and design entity instance data structures 343, in memory 44 of computer system 10. Design entity proto data structures 341 and design entity instance data structures 343, serve as a memory image of the contents of a simulation executable model 348. Data structures 341 and 343 are passed, via memory 44, to a model build tool 346 that processes data structures 341 and 343 into simulation executable model 348.
It will be assumed hereinafter that each entity is described by a single HDL file. Depending on convention or the particular HDL in which the current invention is practiced, this restriction may be required. However, in certain circumstances or for certain HDLs it is possible to describe an entity by utilizing more than one HDL file. Those skilled in the art will appreciate and understand the extensions necessary to practice the present invention if entities are permitted to be described by multiple HDL files. Furthermore, it will be assumed that there is a direct correspondence, for each entity, between the entity name and both of the following: the name of the HDL file representing the entity, and the name of the proto file for the entity.
In the following description, an HDL source code file corresponding to a given entity will be referred to by an entity name followed by “.vhdl”. For example, the HDL source code file that describes top-level entity 320 will be referred to as TOP.vhdl. This labeling convention serves as a notational convenience only and should not be construed as limiting the applicability of the present invention to HDLs other than VHDL.
Returning to FIG. 3B, it can be seen that each entity may instantiate, either directly or indirectly, one or more other entities. For example, the FXU entity directly instantiates A entity 325 and B entity 326. Furthermore, B entity 326 directly instantiates C entity 327. Therefore, FXU entity 321 instantiates, directly or indirectly, A entity 325, B entity 326 and C entity 327. Those entities, that are directly or indirectly instantiated by another entity, will be referred to hereinafter as “descendants”. The descendants of top level entity 320 are FXU entity 321, FPU entity 322, A entity 325, B entity 326, and C entity 327. It can be seen that each entity has a unique set of descendants and that each time an entity is instantiated, a unique instance of the entity and its descendants is created. Within simulation model 329, FXU entity 321 is instantiated twice, FXU:FXU0 321a and FXU:FXU1 321b, by top-level entity 320. Each instantiation of FXU entity 321 creates a unique set of instances of the FXU, A, B, and C entities.
For each entity, it is possible to define what is referred to as a “bill-of-materials” or BOM. A BOM is a list of HDL files having date and time stamps of the entity itself and the entity's descendants. Referring again to FIG. 3C, the BOM for an entity is stored in proto file 344 after compilation of the entity. Therefore, when HDL compiler 342 compiles a particular HDL source code file among HDL files 340, a proto file 344 is generated that includes a BOM listing the HDL files 340 that constitute the entity and the entity's descendants, if any. The BOM also contains the date and time stamp for each of the HDL files referenced as each appeared on disk/tape 33 of computer system 10 when the HDL file was being compiled.
If any of the HDL files constituting an entity or the entity's descendants is subsequently changed, proto file 344 will be flagged as inconsistent and HDL compiler 342 will recompile HDL file 340 on a subsequent re-compilation as will be described in further detail below. For example, going back to FIG. 3B, the HDL files referenced by the BOM of FXU entity 321 are FXU.vhdl, A.vhdl, B.vhdl and C.vhdl, each with appropriate date and time stamps. The files referenced by the BOM of top-level entity 320 are TOP.vhdl, FXU.vhdl, A.vhdl, B.vhdl, C.vhdl, and FPU.vhdl with appropriate date and time stamps.
Returning to FIG. 3C, HDL compiler 342 creates an image of the structure of a simulation model in main memory 44 of computer system 10. This memory image is comprised of the following components: “proto” data structures 341 and “instance” data structures 343. A proto is a data structure that, for each entity in the model, contains information about the ports of the entity, the body contents of the entity, and a list of references to other entities directly instantiated by the entity (in what follows, the term “proto” will be utilized to refer to the in-memory data structure described above and the term “proto file” will be utilized to describe intermediate format file(s) 344). Proto files 344 are therefore on-disk representations of the in-memory proto data structure produced by HDL compiler 342.
An instance data structure is a data structure that, for each instance of an entity within a model, contains the instance name for the instance, the name of the entity the instance refers to, and the port map information necessary to interconnect the entity with external signals. During compilation, each entity will have only one proto data structure, while, in the case of multiple instantiations of an entity, each entity may have one or more instance data structures.
In order to incrementally compile a model efficiently, HDL compiler 342 follows a recursive method of compilation in which successive entities of the model are considered and loaded from proto files 345 if such files are available and are consistent with the HDL source files constituting those entities and their descendants. For each entity that cannot be loaded from existing proto files 345, HDL compiler 342 recursively examines the descendants of the entity, loads those descendant entities available from proto file(s) 345 and creates, as needed, proto files 344 for those descendants that are inconsistent with proto files 345. Pseudocode for the main control loop of HDL compiler 342 is shown below (the line numbers to the right of the pseudocode are not a part of the pseudocode, but merely serve as a notational convenience).













process_HDL_file(file)
 5


{
10










if (NOT proto_loaded(file)) {
15










if (exists_proto_file(file) AND check_bom(file)) {
20










load_proto(file);
25










} else {
30










parse_HDL_file(file)
35



for (all instances in file) {
40










process_HDL_file(instance);
45










}
50



create_proto(file);
55



write_proto_file(file);
60










}
65










}
70



create_instance(file):
75








}
80









When compiler 342 is initially invoked, no proto data structures 341 or instance data structures 343 are present in memory 44 of computer system 10. The main control loop, routine process_HDL_file( ) (line 5), is invoked and passed the name of the top level entity by means of parameter “file”. The algorithm first determines if a proto data structure for the current entity is present in memory 44 by means of routine proto_loaded( ) (line 15). Note that the proto data structure for the top level entity will never be present in memory because the process starts without any proto data structures loaded into memory 44. If a matching proto data structure is present in memory 44, instance data structures for the current entity and the current entity's descendants, if any, are created as necessary in memory 44 by routine create_instance( ) (line 75).
However, if a matching proto data structure is not present in memory 44, control passes to line 20 where routine exists_proto_file( ) examines proto files 345 to determine if a proto file exists for the entity. If and only if a matching proto file exists, routine check_bom( ) is called to determine whether proto file 345 is consistent. In order to determine whether the proto file is consistent, the BOM for the proto file is examined. Routine check_bom( ) examines each HDL source code file listed in the BOM to determine if the date or time stamps for the HDL source code file have changed or if the HDL source code file has been deleted. If either condition occurs for any file in the BOM, the proto file is inconsistent and routine check_bom( ) fails. However, if check_bom( ) is successful, control is passed to line 25 where routine load_proto( ) loads the proto file and any descendant proto files into memory 44, thus creating proto data structures 341 for the current entity and the current entity's descendants, if any. The construction of process_HDL_file( ) ensures that once a proto file has been verified as consistent, all of its descendant proto files, if any, are also consistent.
If the proto file is either non-existent or is not consistent, control passes to line 35 where routine parse_HDL_file( ) loads the HDL source code file for the current entity. Routine parse_HDL_file( ) (line 35) examines the HDL source code file for syntactic correctness and determines which descendant entities, if any, are instantiated by the current entity. Lines 40, 45, and 50 constitute a loop in which the routine process_HDL_file( ) is recursively called to process the descendent entities that are called by the current entity. This process repeats recursively traversing all the descendants of the current entity in a depth-first fashion creating proto data structures 341 and proto data files 344 of all descendants of the current entity. Once the descendant entities are processed, control passes to line 55 where a new proto data structure is created for the current entity in memory 44 by routine create_proto( ). Control then passes to line 60 where a new proto file 344, including an associated BOM, is written to disk 33 by routine write_proto_file( ). Finally, control passes to line 75 where routine create_instance( ) creates instance data structures 343 for the current entity and any descendant entities as necessary. In this manner, process_HDL_file( ) (line 5) recursively processes the entire simulation model creating an in-memory image of the model consisting of proto data structures 341 and instance data structures 343.
With reference now to FIG. 3D there is depicted a block diagram representing compiled data structures, which may be implemented in a preferred embodiment of the present invention. Memory 44 contains proto data structures 361, one for each of the entities referred to in simulation model 329. In addition, instantiations in simulation model 329 are represented by instance data structures 362. Instance data structures 362 are connected by means of pointers indicating the hierarchical nature of the instantiations of the entities within simulation model 329. Model build tool 346 in FIG. 3C processes the contents of memory 44 into memory data structures in order to produce simulation executable model 348.
In order to instrument simulation models, the present invention makes use of entities known as “instrumentation entities,” which are in contrast to the entities constituting a design which are referred to herein as “design entities”. As with design entities, instrumentation entities are described by one or more HDL source code files and consist of a number of signal ports, a body section, and an entity name. In what follows, it will be assumed that an instrumentation entity is described by a single HDL file. Those skilled in the art will appreciate and understand extensions necessary to practice the current invention for an instrumentation entity that is described by multiple HDL files. Each instrumentation entity is associated with a specific design entity referred to hereinafter as the “target entity”.
With reference now to FIG. 4A, there is illustrated a block diagram representation of an instrumentation entity 409. Instrumentation entity 409 includes a number of input ports 400 that are connected to signals 401 within a target entity (not depicted in FIG. 4A). A body section 402 contains logic necessary to detect occurrences of specified conditions within the target entity and generate simulation model “events” with respect to signals 401. Three distinct types of events may be generated: “count” events, “fail” events, and “harvest” events, each described below in turn. Body section 402 contains internal logic for detecting occurrences of conditions precipitating generation of these events. A set of multi-bit output ports 403, 404, and 405 are connected to external instrumentation logic (depicted in FIG. 4B) by means of external signals 406, 407, and 408. Output ports 403, 404, and 405 thus provide the connection from the internal logic in body section 402 to the external instrumentation logic which is utilized to indicate the occurrence of count, failure and harvest events.
A failure event is a sequence of signal values that indicate a failure in the correct operation of the simulation model. Each instrumentation entity monitors the target entity for any desired number of failure events. Each occurrence of a failure event is assigned to a particular signal bit on output port 403. Logic within body section 402 produces an active high pulse on a specified bit of signal 403 when a failure condition is detected. Such activation of signal 403 is defined as a failure event. This error indication is conveyed by means of external signal 406 to external instrumentation logic (depicted in FIG. 4B as external instrumentation logic block 420), which flags the occurrence of the failure event.
A count event is a sequence of signal values that indicate the occurrence of an event within a simulation model for which it would be advantageous to maintain a count. Count events are utilized to monitor the frequency of occurrence of specific sequences within a simulation model. Each instrumentation entity can monitor the target entity for any desired number of count events. Each count event is assigned to a particular signal bit on output port 405. Logic block 402 contains the logic necessary to detect the occurrence of the desired count events and produces an active high pulse on the specified bit of signal 405 when a count event is detected. This count indication is conveyed by means of external signal 408 to instrumentation logic, which contains counters utilized to record the number of occurrences of each count event.
The third event type, a harvest event, is a sequence of signal values that indicate the occurrence of a specific operative circumstance, which would be advantageous to be able to reproduce. When a harvest event occurs, a register within an external instrumentation logic block is loaded to indicate at what point within a simulation run the event occurred, and a flag is set to indicate the occurrence of the specific circumstance. The details of the simulation run can thus be saved in order to recreate the specific circumstance monitored by the harvest event. Logic block 402 contains the logic necessary to detect the harvest events.
Each instrumentation entity can detect any desired number of harvest events that are each assigned to a particular signal bit on output port 404. Logic within block 402 produces an active high pulse on the specified bit of signal 404 when a harvest event is detected. This harvest event detection is conveyed by means of external signal 407 to external instrumentation logic that contains a register and flag for each harvest event. The register is utilized to record at which point in the simulation run the harvest event occurred, and the flag is utilized to indicate the occurrence.
With reference now to FIG. 4B, wherein is depicted a block diagram representation of simulation model 329 instrumented in accordance with the teachings of the present invention. As can be seen in FIG. 4B, an instance 410 and an instance 411 of an instrumentation entity FXUCHK are utilized to monitor instances 321a and 321b of an FXU entity. For each FXU instantiations of 321a and 321b, an FXUCHK instantiation, 410 and 411 respectively, is automatically generated by the mechanism of the present invention. In a similar fashion, instrumentation entity FPUCHK 412 is instantiated to monitor FPU entity 322.
As depicted in FIG. 4B, entity FXUCHK monitors a signals Q 372, a signal R 376, and a signal S 374 within each of instances 321a and 321b of the FXU entity. Signal Q 372, is a signal within the instances 325a and 325b of descendant entity A. Likewise, signal S 374 is a signal within descendant entity C that resides within descendant entity B. Finally, signal R 376 occurs directly within FXU entity 321. Although an instrumentation entity may monitor any signal within a target entity or the target entity's descendent entities, signals outside the target entity cannot be monitored.
Each instrumentation entity is connected by means of fail, count, and harvest signals to instrumentation logic block 420 containing logic for recording occurrences of each of the three event types. For the count events monitored in simulation model 329, a set of counters 421 is utilized to count the number of occurrences of each count event. In a similar manner, a set of flags 424 is utilized to record the occurrence of failure events. Finally, a set of counters 422 and flags 423 are combined and utilized to record the point at which a harvest event occurs and its occurrence, respectively. In one embodiment of the present invention, a cycle number is captured and stored utilizing counters 422 and flags 423 to record a harvest event.
To facilitate instantiation and connection of instrumentation entities, instrumentation entity HDL source code files include a specialized comment section, hereinafter referred to as “instrumentation entity description”, that indicates the target entity, the signals within the target entity to be monitored, and information specifying types of events to be monitored.
With reference now to FIG. 4C, there is illustrated an exemplary HDL file 440 that describes instrumentation entity FXUCHK depicted in FIG. 4B. HDL file 440 utilizes the syntax of the VHDL hardware description language. In the VHDL language, lines beginning with two dashes, “-”, are recognized by a compiler as being comments. The method and system of the present invention utilize comments of a non-conventional form to indicate information about an instrumentation entity. FIG. 4C depicts one embodiment of the present invention in which comments begin with two exclamation points in order to distinguish these comments from conventional comments in instrumentation HDL file 440. It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the exemplary syntax utilized in FIG. 4C for the provision of unconventional comments is but one of many possible formats.
Within HDL file 440, the I/O ports of a FXUCHK entity are declared in entity declaration 450. Within entity declaration 450, three input ports, S_IN , Q_IN , and R_IN, respectively, are declared. Input ports, S_IN, Q_IN , and R_IN, will be attached to signal S, 374, signal Q, 372, and signal R, 376 respectively as described below. Input port, CLOCK, is also declared and will be connected to a signal, CLOCK, within the FXU entity. In addition, three output ports: fails (0 to 1), counts(0 to 2), and harvests(0 to 1), are declared. These output ports provide failure, count, and harvest signals for two failure events, three count events, and two harvest events. The names of the output ports are fixed by convention in order to provide an efficient means for automatically connecting these signals to instrumentation logic block 420.
A set of instrumentation entity descriptors 451 is utilized to provide information about the instrumentation entity. As illustrated in FIG. 4C, descriptor comments 451 may be categorized in a number of distinct sections: prologue and entity name declaration 452, an input port map 453, a set of failure message declarations 454, a set of counter declarations 455, a set of harvest declarations 456, and an epilogue 457.
The prologue and entity name 452 serve to indicate the name of the particular target entity that the instrumentation entity will monitor. Prologue and entity name declaration 452 also serves as an indication that the instrumentation entity description has begun. Specifically, the comment “--!! Begin” within prologue and entity name 452, indicates that the description of an instrumentation entity has begun. The comment “--!! Design Entity: FXU” identifies the target entity which, in HDL file 440, is design entity FXU. This declaration serves to bind the instrumentation entity to the target entity.
Input port map 453 serves as a connection between the input ports of an instrumentation entity and the signals to be monitored within the target entity. The comments begin with comment “--!! Inputs” and end with comment “--!! End Inputs”. Between these comments, comments of the form “--!! inst_ent_port_name ′> trgt_ent_signal_name” are utilized, one for each input port of the instrumentation entity, to indicate connections between the instrumentation entity ports and the target entity signals. The inst_ent_port_name is the name of the instrumentation entity port to be connected to the target entity signal. The trgt_ent_signal_name is the name of the signal within the target entity that will be connected to the instrumentation entity port.
In some cases a signal to be monitored lies within a descendant of a target entity. This is the case for signal S 374, which is embedded within entity C which is a descendant of entity B 326 and target FXU entity 321. Input port map 453 includes an identification string for signal S 374, which consists of the instance names of the entities within the target entity each separated by periods (“.”). This identification string is pre-pended to the signal name. The signal mapping comment within input port map 453 for signal S 374 is therefore as follows:

--!! S_IN′>B.C.S

This syntax allows an instrumentation entity to connect to any signal within the target entity or the target entity's descendant entities. A signal appearing on the top level of the target design entity, has no pre-pended entity names; and therefore, has the following signal mapping comment:

--!! R_N′>R

For signals on the top level of the target entity, a special connection method is provided. If the signal to be connected to has the same name as its corresponding signal in the port map of the instrumentation entity, no input port mapping comment is required and the signal will be automatically connected if no such comment is present. In other words, if the input port mapping comment is of the form:

--!! signal′>signal

where signal is a legal signal name without periods (“.”), then the input port mapping comment is not required and the system of the present invention will automatically make the connect. It is also possible to provide comments of the form given above to explicitly denote the signal connection. This mechanism is only operative for signals on the top level of the target entity.

Failure message declarations 454 begin with a comment of the form “--!! Fail Outputs;”, and end with a comment of the form “--!! End Fail Outputs;”. Each failure event output is associated with a unique event name and a failure message. This message may be output by the simulation run-time environment upon detecting a failure event. The unique failure event name is utilized to identify the specific failure event within the model. Each failure event signal may be declared by a comment of the form “--!! n: <eventname> “failure message”;” where n is an integer denoting the failure event to which the message is associated, <eventname> is the unique failure event name, and “failure message” is the message associated with the particular failure event. One and only one failure message declaration comment must be provided for each failure event monitored by the instrumentation entity.
Counter declaration comments 455 begin with a comment of the form “--!! Count Outputs;” and end with a comment of the form “--!! End Count Outputs;”. Each count event output is associated with a unique variable name. This name is associated with a counter in counter logic 421 FIG. 4B. The variable name provides a means to identify and reference the particular counter associated with a particular count event. Thus, a comment of the form “--!! n : <varname> qualifying_signal [+/−];” is associated with each counter event output. Within this convention, n is an integer denoting which counter event in the instrumentation module is to be associated with a variable name “varname,” and qualifying_signal is the name of a signal within a target design entity utilized to determine when to sample the count event pulse, as will be further described hereinbelow. The parameter “qualifying_signal” is followed by A+/−A to specify whether the qualifying signal will be a high active qualifying signal or a low active qualifying signal.
Harvest declarations 456 begin with a prologue comment of the form “--!! Harvest Outputs;” and end with a comment of the form “--!! End Harvest Outputs;”. Each harvest event output is associated with a unique event name and a message that may be output by the simulation runtime environment when a harvest event has occurred during a simulation run. Each harvest event signal is declared in the form “--!! n: <eventname> “harvest message”;” where n is an integer denoting which harvest event the message is to be associated with, <eventname> is the unique harvest event name and “harvest message” is the message to be associated with the particular harvest event. One, and only one, harvest message declaration comment must be provided for each harvest event monitored by the instrumentation entity.
Harvest messages and event names, fail messages and event names, and counter variable names for a simulation model are included in a simulation executable model and lists of all the events within the model are produced in separate files at model build time. In this manner, each simulation model includes the information for each event monitored and a separate file containing this information for each event is available. Furthermore, as will be described below, the model build process names each event within the model (count, fail and harvest) model in such a manner as to insure that each event has a unique name with certain useful properties.
Finally, epilogue comment 457 consists of a single comment of the form “--!! End;”, indicating the end of descriptor comments 451. The remainder of instrumentation entity HDL file 440 that follows the I/O declarations described above is an entity body section 458. In entity body section 458, conventional HDL syntax is utilized to define internal instrumentation logic necessary to detect the various events on the input port signals and convey these events to the output port signals.
In addition to descriptor comments 451, that are located in the HDL source code file for an instrumentation entity, an additional comment line is required in the target entity HDL file. A comment of the form “--!! Instrumentation: name.vhdl”, where name.vhdl is the name of the instrumentation entity HDL file, is added to the target entity HDL source code file. This comment provides a linkage between the instrumentation entity and its target entity. It is possible to have more than one such comment in a target entity when more than one instrumentation entity is associated with the target entity. These HDL file comments will hereinafter be referred to as “instrumentation entity instantiations”.
With reference now to FIG. 4D, there is depicted a model build process in accordance with the teachings of the present invention. In this model build process, instrumentation load tool 464 is utilized to alter the in-memory proto and instance data structures of a simulation model thereby adding instrumentation entities to the simulation model. Instrumentation load tool 464 utilizes descriptor comments 451 within instrumentation HDL files 461 to create instance data structures for the instrumentation entities within a simulation model.
The model build process of FIG. 4D begins with design entity HDL files 340 and, potentially, one or more design entity proto files 345 (available from a previous run of HDL compiler 462), instrumentation entity HDL files 460, and potentially, one or more instrumentation entity proto files 461 (available from a previous run of HDL compiler 462). HDL compiler 462, processes design entity HDL files 340, and instrumentation entity HDL files 460 following an augmentation of algorithm process_HDL_file( ) that provides for efficient incremental compilation of the design and instrumentation entities comprising a simulation model. HDL compiler 462 loads proto data structures from design entity proto files 345 and instrumentation entity protos files 460, if such proto files are available and consistent. If such proto files are not available or are not consistent, HDL compiler 462 compiles design entity HDL files 340 and instrumentation entity HDL files 460 in order to produce design entity proto files 344 and instrumentation entity proto files 468. (Design entity proto files 344 and instrumentation entity proto files 468 are available to serve as design entity proto files 345 and instrumentation entity proto files 460 respectively for a subsequent run of HDL compiler 462.)
In addition, HDL compiler 462 creates in-memory design proto data structures 463 and design instance data structures 465 for the design entities of a simulation model. HDL compiler 462 also creates in-memory instrumentation proto data structures 466 for the instrumentation entities of a simulation model.
In order to minimize processing overhead HDL compiler 462 neither reads nor processes descriptor comments 451. However, HDL compiler 462 does recognize instrumentation entity instantiation comments within target entity HDL files. As such, HDL compiler 462 cannot create instance data structures instrumentation entity data structures 467. The creation of instance data structures requires interconnection information contained within descriptor comments 451 not processed by HDL compiler 462. HDL compiler 462 does, however, create instrumentation proto data structures 466.
The in-memory design proto data structures 463, design instance data structures 465, and instrumentation entity proto data structures 466, are processed by instrumentation load tool 464. Instrumentation load tool 464 examines design entity proto data structures 463 and design entity instance data structures 465 to determine those design entities that are target entities. This examination is accomplished by utilizing a particular comment format as previously described.
All target entities that are loaded from design entity proto files 345 contain an instantiation for any associated instrumentation entity. Therefore, instrumentation load tool 464 merely creates an instance data structure 467 for any such instrumentation entity and passes, the unaltered design proto data structure 463 to instrumented design proto data structure 463a, and passes design instance data structure 465 to instrumented design instance data structure 465a. 
If however, a target entity is loaded from design entity HDL files 340, rather than from design entity proto files 345, instrumentation load tool 464 must alter its design proto data structure 463 and its design instance data structure 465 to instantiate an associated instrumentation entity. An instrumented design proto data structure 463a and instrumented design instance data structure 465a are thereby produced. In addition, instrumentation load tool 464 creates an instrumentation instance data structure 467 for each instrumentation entity associated with the current design entity.
The design entity proto data structures 463 that are altered by instrumentation load tool 464 are saved to disk 33 of computer system 10 as design entity proto files 344. Design entity proto files 344, which may include references to instrumentation entities, are directly loaded by a subsequent compilation of a simulation model, thus saving processing by instrumentation load tool 464 on subsequent recompilations unless an alteration is made to a design entity or an associated instrumentation entity.
In order for HDL compiler 462 to determine if alterations were made to either a target design entity or the target design entity's associated instrumentation entities, the BOM of a target design entity is expanded to include the HDL files constituting the instrumentation entities. In this manner, HDL compiler 462 can determine, by inspection of the BOM for a given design entity, whether to recompile the design entity and the design entity's associated instrumentation entities or load these structures from proto files 345 and 461.
Finally, instrumentation load tool 464 creates a unique proto and instance data structure for instrumentation logic block 420 and connects the fail, harvest, and count event signals from each instrumentation entity instantiation to instrumentation logic block 420. Model build tool 446 processes in-memory proto and instance data structures 463a, 465a, 467, 466 to produce instrumented simulation executable model 480.
In HDL compiler 462, algorithm process_HDL_file( ) is augmented to allow for the incremental compilation of design and instrumentation entities. A pseudocode implementation of a main control loop of HDL compiler 462 is shown below:













process_HDL_file2(file,design_flag)
 5


{
 10










if (NOT proto_loaded(file)) {
 15










if (exists_proto_file(file) AND check_bom(file)) {
 20



load_proto(file);
 25










}else {
 30










parse_HDL_file(file)
 35



for (all instances in file) {
 40










process_HDL_file2(instance, design_flag);
 45










}
 50



if (design_flag=TRUE) {
 55










for (all instrumentation instances in file){
 60



process_HDL_file2(instance, FALSE);
 65










}
 70










}
 75



create_proto(file);
 80



write_proto_file(file);
 90










}
 95








}
100


if (design_flag=TRUE) {
105


create_instance(file);
110










}
115








}
120









Algorithm process_HDL_file2( ) is an augmentation to process_HDL_file( ) of HDL compiler 342 in order to support the creation of instrumented simulation models. The algorithm is invoked with the name of the top level design entity passed through parameter file and a flag indicating whether the entity being processed is a design entity or an instrumentation entity passed through parameter design_flag (design_flag=TRUE for design entities and FALSE for instrumentation entities). Algorithm process_HDL_file2( ) (line 5) first checks, by means of routine proto_loaded( ) (line 15), if the proto for the current entity is already present in memory 44. If so, processing passes to line 105. Otherwise, control is passed to line 20 and 25 where disk 33 of computer system 10 is examined to determine if proto files for the entity and its descendants (including instrumentation entities, if any) exist and are consistent. If so, the appropriate proto files are loaded from disk 10 by routine load_proto( ) (line 25) creating proto data structures, as necessary, in memory 44 for the current entity and the current entity's descendants including instrumentation entities.
If the proto file is unavailable or inconsistent, control passes to line 35 where the current entity HDL file is parsed. For any entities instantiated within the current entity, lines 40 to 55 recursively call process_HDL_file2( ) (line 5) in order to process these descendants of the current entity. Control then passes to line 55 where the design_flag parameter is examined to determine if the current entity being processed is a design entity or an instrumentation entity. If the current entity is an instrumentation entity, control passes to line 80. Otherwise, the current entity is a design entity and lines 60 to 70 recursively call process_HDL_file2( ) (line 5) to process any instrumentation entities instantiated by means of instrumentation instantiation comments. It should be noted that algorithm process_HDL_file2( ) (line 5) does not allow for instrumentation entities to monitor instrumentation entities. Any instrumentation entity instantiation comments within an instrumentation entity are ignored. Control then passes to line 80 where proto data structures are created in memory 44 as needed for the current entity and any instrumentation entities. Control then passes to line 90 where the newly created proto data structures are written, as needed to disk 33 of computer system 10.
Control finally passes to line 105 and 110 where, if the current entity is a design entity, instance data structures are created as needed for the current entity and the current entity's descendants. If the current entity is an instrumentation entity, routine create_instance( ) (line 110) is not called. Instrumentation load tool 464 is utilized to create the in-memory instance data structures for instrumentation entities.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that HDL compiler 462 provides for an efficient incremental compilation of design and instrumentation entities. It should also be noted that the above description is but one of many possible means for accomplishing an incremental compilation of instrumentation entities. In particular, although many other options also exist, much, if not all, of the functionality of instrumentation load tool 464 can be merged into HDL compiler 462.
With reference now to FIG. 4E wherein is shown a depiction of memory 44 at the completion of compilation of simulation model 329 with instrumentation entities FXUCHK and FPUCHK. Memory 44 contains proto data structures 481, one for each of the design and instrumentation entities referred to in simulation model 329. In addition, design and instrumentation instances in simulation model 329 are represented by instance data structures 482. The instance data structures are connected by means of pointers indicating the hierarchical nature of the instantiations of the design and instrumentation entities within simulation model 329.
With reference now to FIG. 5A, failure flags 424 of instrumentation logic block 420 are depicted in greater detail. Failure flags 424 consist of registers 500a-500n utilized to accept and store an indication of the occurrence of a failure event. In what follows, the operation of a single failure flag for a particular failure event 502 will be discussed. The operation of all failure flags is similar.
Register 500a holds a value that represents whether a failure event 502 has occurred or not. Register 500a is initially set to a value of ‘0’ by the simulation run-time environment at the beginning of a simulation run. When failure event 502, if enabled at register 507a, occurs, register 500a is set to a value of a logical>1′, thereby indicating the occurrence of a failure event. Register 500a is driven by logical OR gate 501. Logical OR gate 501 performs a logical OR of the output of register 500a and a qualified failure signal 503 to create the next cycle value for register 500a. In this manner, once register 500a is set to a logical>1′, by the occurrence of an enabled failure event, register 500a maintains the value of a logical>1′ until reset by the simulation runtime environment. Likewise, register 500a maintains a value of ‘0’ from the beginning of the simulation run until the occurrence of the failure event, if enabled.
Qualified failure signal 503 is driven by logical AND gate 505. Logical AND gate 505 produces, on qualified failure signal 503, the logical AND of failure signal 506 and the logical NOT of register 507a. Register 507a serves as an enabling control for qualified failure signal 503. If register 507a contains a value of ‘0’, logical AND gate 505 will pass failure event signal 506 unaltered to qualified failure signal 503. In this manner, the monitoring of the failure event is enabled. Registers 507a-507n are set, by default, to a value of ‘0’. However, if register 507a contains a value of a logical>1′, qualified failure signal 503 will remain at a value of ‘0’ irrespective of the value of failure event signal 506, thereby disabling the monitoring of failure event 502. In this manner, register 508, consisting of registers 507a-507n, can mask the occurrence of any subset of failure events in the overall simulation model from registers 500a-500n. 
To efficiently implement the ability to selectively disable the monitoring of failure events, the simulation run-time environment includes a function that allows a user to disable monitoring of a specific failure event for a given instrumentation entity. This function will automatically set the appropriate registers among registers 507a-507n within register 508 to disable the monitoring of a particular failure event for every instance of the instrumentation entity within the overall simulation model. Instrumentation load tool 464 and model build tool 446 encode sufficient information within instrumented simulation executable model 480 to determine which failure bits within register 508 correspond to which instrumentation entities.
The ability to selectively disable monitoring of failure events is of particular use in large batch-simulation environments. Typically, in such an environment, a large number of general purpose computers, running software or hardware simulators, are dedicated to automatically running a large number of simulation runs. If a simulation model with a faulty instrumentation entity that incorrectly indicates failure events is run in such an environment, a large number of erroneous failures will be generated causing lost time. By selectively disabling failure events within instrumentation entities, the present invention allows simulation to continue while only disabling erroneous failure signals rather than having to disable all failure monitoring. This option is particularly useful when the process of correcting a faulty instrumentation entity and creating a new simulation model is substantially time consuming. The present invention also provides similar enabling and disabling structures for the harvest and count events within a model.
Logical OR gate 512 is utilized to produce a signal 511, which indicates whether any failure event within the model has occurred. This signal is utilized to allow hardware simulators to efficiently simulate simulation models that have been instrumented according to the teachings of the present invention.
With reference now to FIG. 5B there is illustrated in greater detail, features of the present invention utilized to support efficient execution of an instrumented simulation model on a hardware simulator. It should be noted that for most hardware simulators, the operation of polling a facility within a simulation model during a simulation run is often a time consuming operation. In fact, if facilities must be polled every cycle, it is often the case that as much time, if not considerably more, is spent polling a simulation model for results rather than running the actual simulation. As such, it is advantageous when using a hardware simulator to avoid polling facilities within the model during a simulation run. In addition, many hardware simulators provide a facility that instructs the hardware simulator to run a simulation without interruption until a specific signal within the simulation model attains a specific value. This facility usually results in the highest performance for a simulation run on a hardware simulator.
In order to execute simulation model 520 on a hardware simulator, a termination signal 513, is typically utilized as a means to avoid having to poll the model after each cycle. Typically, a hardware simulator will cycle simulation model 520 until signal 513 is asserted to a logical>1′. The assertion of termination signal 513 to a logical>1′ indicates that a simulation run has finished. Without termination signal 513, it would be necessary to directly poll facilities within simulation model 520 to determine when a simulation run is completed.
To efficiently locate and diagnose problems in simulation model 520, it is advantageous to allow a simulation run to be stopped immediately whenever a failure event occurs during simulation of simulation model 520 (harvest events and count events are typically only polled at the end of a simulation run). This allows a user to easily locate the failure event within the simulation run, thereby facilitating debugging of the failure. In order to allow simulation models that have been instrumented according to the teachings of the present invention to efficiently execute on a hardware simulator, a comment of the form “--!! Model Done: signalname” is placed within the HDL source code file for the top level entity of the simulation model where signalname is the name of termination signal 513 within the simulation model. This comment is only utilized if present in the HDL file for the top-level entity. If such a comment is present in the HDL source code file for the top level entity, a logical OR gate 515 will automatically be included within the simulation model. Logical OR gate 515 produces the logical OR of signals 511 and 513 on signal 516. Signal 516 is therefore asserted to a logical>1′ whenever the simulation run has completed (signal 513 high) or a failure event has occurred (signal 511 high). Consequently, by executing simulation model 520 in a hardware simulator until signal 516 is asserted to a value of a logical>1′, the instrumentation for simulation model 520 can be combined and utilized along with existing simulation termination techniques in a seamless manner. In the alternative, if the comment indicating the name of termination signal 513 is not present, logical OR gate 515 is not included in the model and signal 511 is directly connected to signal 516. The name of signal 516 is fixed to a particular name by convention.
In many simulators, the passage of time within the simulated model is modeled on a cycle-to-cycle basis. That is to say, time is considered to pass in units known as cycles. A cycle is delineated by the occurrence of a clock signal within a simulation model that regulates the updating of storage elements within the design. These simulators are commonly known as “cycle simulators”. A cycle simulator models a digital design by repeatedly propagating the values contained within storage elements through interconnecting logic that lies between storage elements without specific regard for the physical timing of this propagation, to produce next cycle values within the storage elements. In such simulators, a primitive storage element, hereinafter referred to as a “simulator latch”, is utilized to model the storage elements within a digital design. One simulator cycle therefore consists of propagating the current values of the simulator latches through the interconnecting logic between storage elements and updating the simulator latches with the next cycle value.
In many circumstances, however, it is not possible to utilize a single simulator latch to directly model the storage elements within a design. Many common storage elements utilized within digital designs often require more than one simulator latch. For example, so called master-slave flip-flops are generally modeled utilizing two simulator latches to accurately simulate the behavior of such storage elements. In order to efficiently model storage elements, a designer will typically refer to a library that contains storage element simulation models for use in a design. These design storage elements are modeled by one or more simulator latches. Storage elements comprised of one or more simulator latches that are implemented within a design will be referred to hereinbelow as “design latches”.
As a consequence of utilizing multiple simulator latches to model a design latch, the process of propagating the input of a design latch to its output, which constitutes a design cycle, often requires more than one simulator cycle. A single design cycle is thus defined as comprising the number of simulator cycles required to propagate a set of values from one set of storage elements to the next.
In other circumstances, a simulation model may consist of distinct portions that are clocked at differing frequencies. For example, a microprocessor core connected to a bus interface unit, may operate at a higher frequency and than the bus interface unit. Under these circumstances, the higher frequency portion of the design will require one or more simulator cycles, say N cycles, to simulate a single design cycle. The lower frequency portion of the design will require a multiple of N simulator cycles in order to simulate a design cycle for the lower frequency portion. This multiple is equal to the ratio of the frequency of the higher speed design portion to the frequency of the lower speed design portion. It is often the case that certain portions of the logic can be run at a number of differing frequencies that are selectable at the beginning of a simulation run. Such logic, with a run-time selectable frequency of operation, presents unique challenges for monitoring count events.
With reference now to FIG. 6A, there is depicted a gate level representation of exemplary logic for one counter of counters 421 within instrumentation logic block 420 depicted in FIG. 4B. Each counter of 421 is represented by a multi-bit simulator latch 600. Simulator latch 600 is initialized by the simulation runtime environment to a value of zero at the beginning of a simulation run. Simulator latch 600 is updated every simulator cycle and is driven by multiplexor 601. Multiplexor 601, controlled by selector signal 602, selects between signal 613, the current value of simulator latch 600, and signal 605, the current value of simulator latch 600 incremented by 1 by incrementor 604, to serve as the next cycle value for simulator latch 600. By selecting signal 605, multiplexor 601 causes the counter value within simulator latch 600 to be incremented when a count event occurs. It should be noted, however, that simulator latch 600 is updated every simulator cycle irrespective of the number of simulator cycles that correspond to a design cycle for the logic being monitored by a counting instrument. Logical AND gate 606 and simulator latch 607 serve to disable the monitoring of count event signal 609 in a manner similar to that described above for the disabling of failure events. Signal 608 is count event signal 609 further qualified by signal 610 by means of logical AND gate 611.
Signal 610 insures that simulator latch 600 will be incremented, if count event signal 609 is active, only once per design cycle for the logic being monitored by a counting instrument irrespective of the number of simulation cycles utilized to model the design cycle. This clocking normalization is necessary to ensure that the event counts recorded in counters 421 correspond directly to the number of design cycles the event occurred in and not the number of simulator cycles the event occurred in. For example if an event occurs in two design cycles where design cycle require four simulators cycles, it is preferable to have the event counter reflect a value of two rather than a value of eight as would occur if the counter were allowed to update in every simulator cycle.
Furthermore, if the count event being monitored is within a portion of the logic with a run-time selectable frequency of operation, it is useful to have the count registers reflect the number of occurrences of the event in terms of design cycles. For example, consider a circumstance where a count event occurs twice during two different simulation runs. In the first run, assume that four simulator cycles are needed to represent each design cycle. Further assume in the second run that twelve simulator cycles are necessary to represent each design cycle. Without a clocking normalization mechanism, the first run would indicate that the event occurred eight times (two occurrences times four simulator cycles per occurrence) and the second run would indicate that the event occurred twenty-four times (two occurrences times twelve simulator cycles per occurrence) when in fact the event actually only occurred twice in both simulation runs. Therefore, it would be advantageous to limit the updating of counters 421 such that each counter is only updated once per design cycle irrespective of the number of simulator cycles, possibly variable at run-time, needed to represent a design cycle.
In simulation models in which multiple simulator cycles are utilized to represent a single design cycle, explicit clocking signals are utilized within the model to control the updating of the various design storage elements. These clocking signals specify in which simulator cycles the simulator latches representing design storage elements are allowed to update. A clocking signal is asserted high for some contiguous number of simulator cycles at either the beginning or end of the design cycle and asserted low for the remaining simulator cycles within the design cycle. If the clocking signal is asserted high during the beginning of the design cycle, the clock is referred to as a “high-active” clock and, likewise, if the clocking signal is asserted low during the beginning of the design cycle, the clock is referred to as a “low-active” clock.
Each count event signal has an associated qualifying signal as specified by counter declaration comments 455 as described above. Typically, these qualifying signals are connected to the clocking signals within the design responsible for updating the storage elements within the portion of logic monitored by the count event. The qualifying signal for the count event for simulator latch 600, qualifying signal 612, is depicted as a high-active qualifier signal. Qualifying signal 612 is processed by simulator latch 613 and logical AND gate 614, to produce signal 610 which is active high for one and only one simulator cycle within the design cycle delineated by qualifying signal 612.
Turning now to FIG. 6B there is illustrated a simplified timing diagram that demonstrates operation of simulator latch 613 and logical AND gate 614 assuming clocking qualifying signal 612 is a high active clocking signal of fifty percent duty cycle for a design cycle that occurs over a 10-simulation cycle period. Signal 615, the output of simulator latch 613, is qualifying signal 612 delayed by one simulator cycle. Signal 615 is inverted and logically ANDed with qualifying signal 612 to produce signal 610, a high-active pulse that is asserted for the first simulator cycle of the design cycle. In a similar fashion, if the qualifying clock signal is low active, qualifying signal 612 would be inverted and signal 615 would be uninverted by logical AND gate 614. This would produce a single simulator cycle active high pulse during the first simulator cycle of the design cycle. Qualifying signal 610, by qualifying count event signal 609 by means of logical AND gate 611, insures that counter 600 is incremented only once per design cycle irrespective of the number of simulator cycles utilized to represent a design cycle.
In contrast to cycle simulators, another class of simulators know as “event-driven” simulators is commonly utilized. In an event driven simulator, time is modeled in a more continuous manner. Each rising or falling edge of a signal or storage element within a design is modeled with specific regard to the physical time at which the signal transition occurred. In such simulators, the simulator latches operate in a slightly different manner than for a cycle based simulator. A simulator latch in an event driven simulator is controlled directly by a clocking signal. A new value is loaded into the simulator latch on either the rising or falling edge of the clocking signal (called a “positive-edge triggered” latch and a “negative-edge triggered” latch respectively). To practice the current invention within an event driven simulator, latch 613 and logical gates 614 and 611 are unnecessary. Rather, counter latch 600 is replaced by a positive or negative edge triggered simulator latch based on the polarity of qualifying signal 612. Qualifying signal 612 is connected directly to simulator latch 600 and directly controls the updates of counter latch 600 insuring that the latch is updated only once per design cycle.
Returning to FIG. 6A, incrementor 604 represents but one possible mechanism that may be utilized to implement the next logic state for a given counter within the present invention. As depicted in FIG. 6A, incrementor 604 ensures that counters 421 within a model are cycled through a series of values whose binary patterns correspond to the customary representation of non-negative integers. In one embodiment of the present invention, incrementor 604 is comprised of an adder that increments the current value of counter 600 by a unit value each time signal 605 is selected by selector signal 602. This exemplary implementation provides for convenience of decoding the value of counter 600 at the termination of a simulation run, but does so at a cost in overhead that is not acceptable in many simulators.
For software simulators, one of two basic approaches may be utilized to model an incremetor, such as incrementor 604. In the first approach, the incrementor is modeled directly by an ADD or INCREMENT instruction in the simulation execution model. When incrementors are modeled directly as a single instruction within the simulation execution model, the use of incrementor 604 provides for efficient counters within a simulation execution model.
However, many software simulators and virtually all hardware simulators model incrementor functions as a set of gates that are replicated essentially without change at each bit position of the counter. Within a software simulator, these gates must be translated into a sequence of instructions. In a hardware simulator, these gates are explicitly replicated for each counter as individual gates. Due to implementation or structural limitations, many software simulators are incapable of modeling an incrementor in any other manner than as a set of gates. Clearly, for these software simulators that must model incrementors as a number of gates and therefore as a sequence of instructions, a performance loss will result over those software simulators that model incrementors as a single increment or add instruction. Likewise, for hardware simulators, the number of gates required for each adder, which must be modeled directly by gates within the hardware simulator, can prove to be a significant burden.
The method and system of the present invention alleviate these difficulties by implementing a linear feedback shift register as the counting means within counting instrumentation. As explained below, appropriate configuration and utilization of such a liner feedback shift register results in an efficient method of incrementing a counter that avoids the overhead associated with incrementor 604.
With reference now to FIG. 7, there is depicted a linear feedback shift register (LFSR) counter 700 consisting of a shift register 704 and “exclusive NOR” (XNOR) gate 706. Various methods of constructing LFSRs are known to those skilled in the art. As illustrated in FIG. 7, LFSR counter 700 includes a modified shift register 704 that may replace register 600 and incrementor 604 of FIG. 6A. LFSR counter 700 also includes multiplexor 601 (replicated bit-by-bit within LFSR 704), which provides feedback paths 616. Feedback path 616 provides a means for shift register 704 to maintain its current value during those simulator cycles in which no count pulse trigger (signal 602) is received. For hardware and software design simulators in which, for logistical or other reasons, incrementation of counters must be accomplished utilizing a set of gates for each counter, shift register 704 replaces register 600 within the counter logic depicted in FIG. 6A. The need for incrementor 604 is thus eliminated and is replaced by XNOR gate 706. In this manner, register 600 and incrementor 604 are replaced utilizing a more efficient logic structure having substantially reduced overhead. Counters 421 of FIG. 4B will therefore consist of LFSR-based configurations such as LFSR counter 700 whose values can be decoded at the end of a simulation run to reveal their corresponding integral values.
Shift register 704 can be of any desired length. In a preferred embodiment, shift register 704 is a 22 bit register, although larger or smaller registers may be employed. Shift register 704 consists of latches 718 arranged in a serial fashion such that a given latch's output is utilized as input to the next latch 718 within shift register 704. In addition, each of a select subset of latches 718 within shift register 704 has its output sourced to XNOR gate 706. XNOR gate 706 is utilized to provide an input for the first latch within shift register 704.
The LFSR is a logic structure that, when properly configured, will sequence through all possible bit patterns with the exception of the all-ones pattern (it is possible to construct LFSRs which exclude the all-zeros pattern or LFSRs that cycle through all possible bit patterns). For example, in a 22-bit LFSR, bits 1 and 22 may be selected for inputs to XNOR gate 706 to provide a sequence of bit patterns in shift register 704, which traverses every possible permutation with the exception of the all-ones pattern. Shift register 704 must be loaded with an initial value that is not the all ones pattern. This may be accomplished automatically by initializing all latches to a binary zero value within the simulator, or by utilizing the control program that drives the simulator to explicitly set these latches to binary zeros.
After initialization, the numeric pattern held by bit positions 718 of shift register 704 will cycle through a specific and predictable pattern in a repeating fashion. That is to say, for any given bit pattern present in shift register 704, there is a specific, unique pattern the shift register will subsequently assume upon being shifted and therefore, the sequence of patterns through which the shift register cycles is fixed and repeats in a predictable manner. Due to these properties, LFSR counter 700 can be utilized as a counting means within for the instrumentation detection means previously described. By assigning the value of “zero” to a pre-selected starting value (say the all zeros pattern for shift register 704), the value of “one” to the next bit pattern formed by shifting the LFSR, and so on, the LFSR can serve as a counter. To be useful as a counter, the bit patterns within shift register 704 must be converted back to their corresponding integer values. This is easily accomplished for LFSRs with a small number of bits (less than 25 bits) by means of a lookup table consisting of an array of values, where the index of the array corresponds to the LFSR bit pattern value and the entry in the array is the decoded integer value for the LFSR. For LFSRs with a larger number of bits, software decoding techniques can be utilized to decode the LFSR value by simulating the operation of the LFSR.
As illustrated in FIG. 7, the logic necessary to implement LFSR counter 700 consists of the single XNOR gate 706 with two feedback inputs. While the number of required feedback gates and inputs thereto may vary in proportion to different possible lengths of an LFSR, in general, for typical LFSRs (less than 200 bits), only one XNOR gate with a relatively small number of inputs (less than 5 bits) is required. This is in marked contrast to the several logic gates per bit required for conventional incrementors. Therefore, significant savings in counter overhead can be achieved by substituting LFSR-based counter 700 for the incrementor structure depicted in FIG. 6A, especially for simulators that model incrementors utilizing logic gate based representations.
While the above described system and method provides a practical means of instrumenting simulation models, in certain circumstances additional techniques maybe used in order to enhance the ease with which a user may instrument a simulation model. In design, it often occurs that there are common design or instrumentation logic constructs that are often repeated and possess a regular structure.
By utilizing knowledge of the regular structure of these design and instrumentation logic constructs, it is often possible to define a syntax that describes the instrumentation logic with considerably greater efficiency than would be possible utilizing a conventional HDL construct. By utilizing this syntax as an unconventional HDL comment within a design VHDL file, it is possible to create instrumentation entities with considerably greater ease and efficiency.
Such comments within a design entity will be referred to hereinbelow as an embedded instrumentation entity comment while the instrumentation logic created by such a comment will be referred to as an embedded instrumentation entity.
A common logic design construct is the so-called “finite state machine”. A finite state machine typically consists of a number of storage elements to maintain the “state” of the state machine and combinatorial logic that produces the next state of the state machine and its outputs. These constructs occur with great frequency in typical logic designs and it is advantageous to be able to efficiently instrument these constructs.
A typical set of count and failure events for a finite state machine includes counting the number of times a state machine cycles from a given current state to some next state, counting the number of functional cycles the state machine spends in each state, ensuring that the state machine does not enter an illegal state, and ensuring that the state machine does not proceed from a current given state to an illegal next state. This list of events is but one of many possible sets of events that can be used to characterize a finite state machine and is used in an illustrative manner only.
With reference now to FIG. 8A there is depicted a representation of an exemplary state machine 800. Exemplary state machine 800 consists of five states, labeled S0, S1, S2, S3, and S4 respectively, and nine legal state transitions between these states. In what follows, it is assumed that state machine 800 consists of three latches and a set of combinatorial logic to produce the next state function. It is further assumed that the states are encoded into the three latches following the usual and customary encoding for integers. That is to say, state S0 gets an encoding of 000bin, state S1 gets an encoding of 001bin, state S2 gets and encoding of 010bin, and so on.
With reference now to FIG. 8B there is shown an exemplary design entity 850 referred to as entity FSM with instance name FSM, which contains one instance of state machine 800. Furthermore, a signal output 801, “fsm_state(0 to 2)” contains a three bit signal directly connected to the outputs of the three storage elements comprising the state elements of state machine 800. A signal input 802, fsm_clock, applies a clocking signal that controls the storage elements for state machine 800.
In order to instrument state machine 800, it would conventionally be necessary to create an instrumentation entity VHDL file containing the logic necessary to detect the desired state machine events and pass them through to count and fail events. Such an instrumentation entity file with appropriate instrumentation entity descriptor comments would typically require substantially more lines of code than the HDL description of the state machine itself. Such a circumstance is undesirable. However, in the case of a regular logic structure such as a finite state machine, it is possible to define a brief syntax that characterizes the finite state machine without resorting to a separate instrumentation VHDL entity.
With reference now to FIG. 8C there is illustrated an exemplary HDL file 860 for generating design entity 850 with an embedded instrumentation entity for monitoring the behavior of FSM 800. Specifically, an embedded instrumentation entity comment 852 is illustrated. As depicted in FIG. 8C, embedded instrumentation entity comment 852 comprises a number of distinct sections including: a prologue and embedded instrumentation name declaration 853, a state machine clock declaration 859, a state element declaration 854, a state naming declaration 855, a state element encoding declaration 856, a state machine arc declaration 857, and an epilogue 858.
Prologue and embedded instrumentation entity name declaration comment 853 serves to declare a name that is associated with this embedded instrumentation entity. This comment line also serves to delineate the beginning of an embedded instrumentation entity comment sequence.
As further depicted in FIG. 8C, declaration comment 853 assumes a non-conventional syntax of the form: “--!! Embedded TYPE: name”, wherein “--!! Embedded” serves to declare an embedded instrumentation entity, “TYPE” declares the type of the embedded instrumentation entity B FSM in this case, and “name” is the name associated with this embedded instrumentation entity.
State machine clock declaration comment 859 is utilized to define a signal that is the clocking control for the finite state machine.
State element declaration comment 854 is utilized to specify the state-machine state storage elements. This comment declares the storage elements or signal names that constitute the state-machine state. In state machine 800, the signals fsm_state(0 to 2) constitute the state machine state information.
State naming declaration comment 855 is utilized to declare labels to associate with various states of the given state machine. These labels are utilized in state machine arc declaration comment 857 when defining the legal state transitions within the given state machine.
State element encoding declaration comment 856 is utilized to define a correspondence between the state machine labels defined by state naming declaration comment 855 and the facilities declared by state element declaration comment 854. In the example shown, the labels of comment 855 are associated by position with the encodings given in comment 856 (i.e., the state labeled “S0” has the encoding 000bin, the state labeled “S1” has the encoding 001bin, etc.).
State-machine arc declaration comment 857 defines the legal state transitions within the state machine. The various transitions of the state machine are given by terms of the form “X′>Y” where X and Y are state machine state labels given by comment 855 and X represents a previous state machine state and Y a subsequent state machine state.
Epilogue comment 858 serves to close the embedded instrumentation entity comment. The specific syntax and nature of the comments between the prologue and embedded instrumentation name declaration and the epilogue will vary with the specific needs of the type of embedded instrumentation entity being declared.
Embedded instrumentation entity comment 852 is inserted within the VHDL file of the design entity that contains the finite state machine in question. The embedding of instrumentation for finite state machine 800 is made possible by the non-conventional comment syntax illustrated in FIG. 8C and is substantially more concise than a conventional HDL instrumentation entity suitable for accomplishing the same function.
Utilizing such embedded non-conventional comments, the system of the present invention creates an instrumentation entity, as described below, for instrumenting the state machine without the need to resort to creating a separate HDL file instrumentation entity.
To support compilation and creation of embedded instrumentation entities, the previously described compilation process of FIG. 4D is enhanced as described herein. First, HDL compiler 462 is altered to recognize the presence of embedded instrumentation entity comments. If, during compilation of a design HDL file, and subject to the constraints described above for incremental compilation, HDL compiler 462 detects one or more embedded instrumentation entity comments within the source code file, HDL compiler 462 places a special marker into design entity proto data structure 463.
When instrumentation load tool 464 is passed control, proto data structures 463 are searched in order to locate the special marker placed by HDL compiler 462 indicating embedded instrumentation entity comments. Such protos represent the design HDL files with embedded instrumentation entities that have been re-compiled in the current compilation cycle.
When instrumentation load tool 464 locates a proto data structure 463 with the special marker, the corresponding VHDL source code file for the design entity is opened and parsed to locate the one or more embedded instrumentation entity comments. For each of these comments, instrumentation load tool 464 creates a specially named proto data structure 463a, and further generates a corresponding instance data structure 465a that is instantiated within the design entity. In addition, instrumentation load tool 464 removes the special marker inserted by HDL compiler 462 to prevent unnecessary re-instrumentation of the design proto on subsequent re-compiles.
Within these created embedded instrumentation entity protos, instrumentation load tool 464 directly creates the necessary instrumentation logic required by the embedded instrumentation entity without the need for a VHDL file to specify this instrumentation and connects this logic to instrumentation logic block 420 of FIG. 4D. The updated design proto along with the embedded instrumentation entity proto and instance data structure are saved to disk and serve as inputs to subsequent compiles, removing the need to produce embedded instrumentation entities on subsequent recompiles.
With reference now to FIG. 9, design entity 850 is shown instrumented with embedded instrumentation entity 900. Embedded instrumentation entity 900 is created as a proto instantiated within design entity 850 wherein the embedded non-conventional instrumentation entity comment occurs. The embedded instrumentation entity thus may be replicated automatically within an overall design wherever the specific design entity is instantiated.
Embedded instrumentation entity 900 is named in a unique manner based on the name associated with the embedded instrumentation entity by the prologue and embedded instrumentation name declaration comment. This name is pre-pended with a special character (shown as a “$” in FIG. 9) that is not a recognized naming convention for the platform HDL. In this manner, the names of the embedded instrumentation entities cannot conflict with the names of any other design or standard instrumentation entities.
Furthermore, the names associated with the various events defined by the embedded instrumentation entity (the “varname” for the count events, for example) are also derived in a fixed manner from the name associated with the embedded instrumentation entity. The user is required to ensure that the names of embedded instrumentation entity events do not conflict with the names of standard instrumentation entity events and further than the names of the embedded instrumentation entities within a given design do not themselves conflict.
It should also be noted that if a design entity contains more than one embedded instrumentation entity, the embedding process described with reference to FIG. 8B and FIG. 9 is simply repeated for each such instrumentation entity. In addition, since the protos for the embedded instrumentation entities are created at the same time as the design protos itself, no changes to the BOM mechanism used for incremental compiles are required. The protos for the embedded instrumentation entities can be considered, for purposes of incremental compilations, to be mere extensions to the design proto itself.
The present invention discloses a method and system for naming events within a simulation model that prevents name collisions between events in different instrumentation entities, allows for the arbitrary re-use of components of a model in models of arbitrarily increasing size, and furthermore allows for processing designated events in a hierarchical or non-hierarchical manner.
When all instances of an event are considered as a whole without regard to specific instances, the event is considered in a “non-hierarchical” sense. Likewise, when an event is considered with regard to each and every instance, it is considered in a “hierarchical” sense. When considering count events, for example, it is often convenient to track the number of times a particular count event occurred in the aggregate without concern to exactly how many times the count event occurred in each particular instance within a simulation model.
Each type of event: count, fail, and harvest, is given a separate event namespace by construction. Each event class is therefore an independent group preventing naming collisions between the event types. The data structure of the present invention is independently applied to each of the different event types to ensure correctness within each event class.
In the embodiments illustrated in FIGS. 10A, 10B, 10C, and 10D, the system and method of the present invention are described with respect to count events. One skilled in the art will appreciate and understand the extensions necessary to apply the same techniques to other event classes such as failures or harvests.
With reference to FIG. 10A, there is depicted a block diagram representation of simulation model 1000 containing a number of design and instrumentation entities. As
illustrated in FIG. 10A, simulation model 1000 includes two instances of a design entity X, with instance names X1 and X2 respectively.
Within each of design entity instances X1 and X2 is instantiated an instance of an instrumentation entity B3, 1012a and 1012b. Design entity instances X1 and X2 further comprise instances, 1014a and 1014b, respectively, of design entity Z which further contains instances, 1016a and 1016b, of instrumentation entity B1 and instances, 1018a and 1018b, of instrumentation entity B2.
Finally, simulation model 1000 includes an instance of design entity Y, with instance name Y, containing an instance of instrumentation entity B4 1022. Design entity instance Y contains an instance, 1024, of design entity Z with further instances, 1016c and 1018c, of instrumentation entities B1 and B2 respectively.
In what follows the methods of the present invention for uniquely naming events will be considered in the context of exemplary model 1000. It will be assumed in the following description that each instrumentation entity (B1, B2, B3, and B4) has declared a single count event with event name “count1”.
In accordance with the method and system of the present invention, the user must uniquely name each type of event (count, fail, or harvest) within a specific instrumentation entity, i.e., the user cannot declare any two events of the same type within the same instrumentation entity with the same event name. Such a constraint does not conflict with the stated goals of the present invention in that a given instrumentation entity is usually created by a specific person at a specific point in time, and maintaining unique names within such a limited circumstance presents only a moderate burden to the user. The data structure disclosed herein does, however, prevent all name collisions between events in different instrumentation entities, and allows for processing the events in a hierarchical and/or non-hierarchical manner.
As previously explained, an HDL naming convention must uniquely identify all the entities within a given design. This constraint is inherent to HDLs and applies to design entities as well as instrumentation entities. In accordance with conventional VHDL entity naming constructs, it is technically possible for two design entities to share the same entity name, entity_name. However, such identically named entities must be encapsulated within a VHDL library from which a valid VHDL model may be constructed. In such a circumstance, entity_name, as it is utilized herein, is equivalent to the VHDL library name concatenated by a period (“.”) to the entity name as declared in the entity declaration.
Pre-pending a distinct VHDL library name to the entity name disambiguates entities sharing the same entity name. Most HDLs include a mechanism such as this for uniquely naming each design entity. Design entities must be unambiguously named in order to determine which particular entity is called for in any given instance in a simulation model. The present invention employs the prevailing naming mechanism of the native HDL to assign unique entity names for design entities throughout a given model and leverages the uniqueness property of entity names and the uniqueness of each instance's instantiation identifier to create an “extended event identifier” for each event within the simulation model.
With reference to FIG. 10B, there is illustrated a representation of the fields in an extended event identifier data structure, alternatively referred to herein as an “event list”, in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention. The extended event identifier begins with instantiation identifier field 1030. This field, as described hereinbefore, consists of the instance identifiers, proceeding from the top level entity to the direct ancestor of the given instance within the simulation model separated by periods (“.”). This string is unique for each and every instance of the event within the model. The extended event identifier further includes an instrumentation entity field 1032, a design entity field 1034, and an eventname field 1036.
Instrumentation entity field 1032 contains the name of the instrumentation entity (or the name assigned to an embedded instrumentation entity) that generates the simulation event. Design entity field 1034 contains the entity name of the design entity in which the event occurs. Eventname field 1036 is the name given to the event in the instrumentation entity description comments of an instrumentation entity or the event name assigned to an event within an embedded instrumentation entity. These four namespace fields comprise a unique identifier for each event within a simulation model that allows for the re-use of components within other models without risk of name collisions and the consideration of events in a hierarchical or non-hierarchical sense.
With reference now to FIG. 10C, there is shown a list of extended event identifiers for model 1000. Event identifiers 1040, 1041, 1042, 1043, 1044, 1045, 1046, 1047, and 1048 are declared within simulation model 1000 to designate count events having eventname “count1”. The extended event identification procedure of the present invention will be described in the context of these extended event identifiers.
The uniqueness of the names in design entity name field 1034 is a primary distinguishing factor between events. By including the design entity name in the extended event identifier, each design entity is, in effect, given a unique namespace for the events associated with that design entity, i.e., events within a given design entity cannot have name collisions with events associated with other design entities.
It is still possible however, to have name collisions between events defined by different instrumentation entities that are incorporated within a single design entity. Events 1041 and 1042, for example, if identified solely by the design entity name, have a name collision. Both are events with eventname “count1” within design entity Z, and if labeled as such, are indistinguishable. In order to alleviate a naming collision between events 1041 and 1042, the present invention employs instrumentation entity field 1032. By referencing the design entity and instrumentation entity names, both of which are unique with respect to themselves and each other, a unique event namespace is created for each instrumentation entity associated with any given design entity. For example, event identifier 1041 and 1042 would be in conflict (both named Z.count1), unless the respective instrumentation entity names are included within the extended event identifier to produce names B1.Z.count1 and B2.Z.count2 for these events.
It should be noted that it is possible to uniquely name each event by using instrumentation entity name field 1032 alone. Due to the uniqueness property of instrumentation entity names, event names that are only named by the instrumentation entity name and the event name field will be necessarily unique.
However, such a naming scheme is insufficient for associating events with a given design entity. In practice, it is desirable to associate events with the design entity in which they occur rather than associating them with the potentially numerous instrumentation entities that are utilized to track them. Moreover, referencing the appropriate design entity within the eventname allows all the events associated with a given design entity to be centrally referenced without the need to ascertain the names of all the instrumentation entities associated with the given design entity. The data structure of the present invention utilizes both the instrumentation entity and design entity names in naming events for ease of reference at the cost of moderate uniqueness redundancy in the event names.
In an alternative embodiment of the present invention, the instrumentation entity name is not included within the extended event identifier. Referring to FIG. 10D, such an alternative extended event identification data structure is depicted. As shown in FIG. 10D, events are named by instantiation identifier field 1030, design entity name field 1034, and event name field 1036.
Such a data structure provides name collision protection between design entities but not within design entities. That is, the user must ensure that events names for events associated with a given design entity do not collide. In case of user error in this regard, model build tools may be utilized to detect an event name collision condition during model compilation. The alternative data structure depicted in FIG. 10D provides for simpler naming and referencing of events at the expense of requiring the user to prevent name collisions for events associated with a given design entity.
Returning to FIG. 10B, the combination of instrumentation entity field 1032, design entity name field 1034, and eventname field 1036 for a given event, provides a unique identifier for any given event without regard to multiple instantiations of the event. In order to uniquely distinguish between multiple instantiations of an event, instantiation identifier field 1030 is included in the extended event identifier. Instantiation identifier field 1030 field, by its construction, provides a unique string for any instance of an entity within any simulation model.
When evaluating occurrences of an event in a non-hierarchical sense, instantiation identifier field 1030 is ignored while searching for matching events. As illustrated in FIG. 10C, for example, a non-hierarchical query for the number of time a “count1” event occurs within design entity Z as detected by instrumentation entity B1, utilizes the following list of count eventnames:


















X1.Z
B1
Z
COUNT1



X2.Z
B1
Z
COUNT1



Y.Z
B1
Z
COUNT1.










These count events are added together to form an aggregate count of the total number of time the specific event occurred within the simulation model.
A hierarchical query includes specific criteria to match against the hierarchy field to limit the counter or counters found to specific instances of the requested event. For example, a query to obtain the count1 event of instrumentation entity B1 within the X1.Z instance of design entity Z utilizes the following count eventname:


















X1.Z
B1
Z
COUNT1,










which represents the number of times the count1 event was counted by instrumentation entity B1 within design entity instance X1.Z for a particular simulation interval.

By providing matching model hierarchy criteria against instantiation identifier field 1030, it is possible to consider the events with respect to their particular instance or instances within the model, i.e., a hierarchical query. A non-hierarchical query merely ignores the hierarchy field and returns all the instances of the requested events within the model.
With reference to FIG. 11A, there is depicted a block diagram illustrating a simulation model 1100 in which the hierarchical event processing of the present invention is applicable. Simulation model 1100 comprises a top-level design entity 1130 in which a pair of lower-level design entities 1102 and 1120 is instantiated. A design entity 1104 containing instrumentation entity 1106 is included within design entity 1102. As illustrated in FIG. 11A, instrumentation entity 1106 includes logic 1110 for generating a simulation event 1108 from signal set 1132 from within design entity 1104. Design entity 1120 includes an instrumentation entity 1122 that generates a simulation event 1124 using signal set 1134.
Utilizing the techniques described hereinbefore, generating a hierarchical event that is some logical combination of events 1108 and 1124 requires the creation of an instrumentation entity associated with top level design entity 1130 that references signal sets 1132 and 1134. Conventionally, such an instrumentation entity would substantially reproduce instrumentation logic 1110 and 1126 to process signal sets 1132 and 1134, respectively, thus producing a copy of events 1108 and 1124. Such a procedure is inefficient and prone to error. If, for example, changes are made to any or all of signal sets 1132 and 1134, or instrumentation logic 1110 and 1126, these changes would have to be accurately repeated in the instrumentation entity logic for the combined event.
The present invention provides a mechanism whereby events, such as events 1108 and 1124, are directly referenced and utilized as inputs to cross-hierarchical instrumentation entities. In this manner, signal connections 1132 and 1134, as well as instrumentation logic 1110 and 1126, are directly re-utilized to produce the desired hierarchical event.
To facilitate direct referencing of events within simulation models, a specialized data structure is implemented within instrumentation entity input port map comment syntax. This data structure directly connects input ports of instrumentation entities to cross-hierarchical events within a simulation model.
For the embodiment depicted in FIG. 11A, an instrumentation entity 1150 is instantiated within top-level design entity 1130 to generate a hierarchical event 1156 that is some function of events 1108 and 1124. As illustrated in FIG. 11A, instrumentation entity 1150 includes a pair of inputs 1151 and 1152 that are directly connected to events 1124 and 1108, respectively, utilizing the augmented syntax described below. These input connections are logically combined using instrumentation logic 1154 to produce a cross-hierarchical event 1156.
With reference to FIG. 11B, there is depicted a set of input port mapping comments for performing cross-hierarchical processing of simulation model events in accordance with the teachings of the present invention. In what follows, it is assumed that events 1108 and 1124 are count events with event names event_1108 and event_1124, respectively, and that these events are connected to input ports event_1108_in and event_1124_in on instrumentation entity 1150. As depicted in FIG. 11B, a first input port mapping comment 1161 contains data for referencing event 1108 to input port event_1108_in. A second input port mapping comment 1162 contains data for referencing event 1124 to input port event_1124_in. It should be noted that each of input port mapping comments 1161 and 1162 includes a pre-pended non-conventional comment identifier, --!!, that is utilized by the HDL compiler (such as compiler 462 in FIG. 4D) to maintain the port mapping comments separate from the design.
To facilitate connection of a simulation event to an instrumentation entity input port, input port mapping comments 1161 and 1162 consist of two distinct parts: an instance identifier and an event identifier. The instance identifier is a string consisting of instance names (in descending hierarchical order) of all design entities between and including the design entity containing the instrumentation entity of the cross-hierarchical event being defined (i.e., the highest level design entity for the cross-hierarchical event), and the design entity in which the event that is utilized in generating the cross-hierarchical event. If the design entity containing the hierarchical event is the same as the design entity containing the event to be connected to, the instance identifier is a null string. A pair of instance identifiers 1163 and 1164, within input port mapping comments 1161 and 1162, respectively, specify that events 1124 and 1108 originate from signals within design entity 1120 and 1104 respectively.
Input port mapping comments 1161 and 1162 further include event identifiers 1165 and 1166, that identify input simulation events in terms of local instrumentation entities 1106 and 1122, respectively. In accordance with the embodiment depicted in FIG. 11B, each event identifier consists of a string beginning with an open bracket (“[”) character and ending with a closed bracket (“]”) character. Between these brackets, three sub-strings, delineated by period (“.”) characters, comprise a data structure utilized to identify a specific event from which the cross-hierarchical event is defined. The first sub-string within an event identifier is the instance name of the instrumentation entity containing the event. The second sub-string is a string specifying the type of the event (“count”, “fail”, or “harvest”). Finally, the third sub-string is the event name of the given event as specified in the declaration comment for the event. Each event identifier string uniquely identifies a single event within a given design entity. As depicted in FIG. 11B, event identifier strings 1165 and 1166 identify events 1108 and 1124 respectively.
In accordance with an alternate embodiment of the present invention, the event identifier naming structure is modified slightly for events that are labeled in accordance with FIG. 10D (event names that do not include the instrumentation entity name). When an instrumentation identifier is absent from the extended event identifier, the event identifier string with an input port mapping comment consists of two sub-strings: a string denoting the type of event to connect to; and a string providing the name of the event separated by a period (“.”) character. The instrumentation entity name is not required in this case since all events of a given type associated with a given design entity will have unique names. The model build tools of the present invention will automatically search all instrumentation entities associated with the design entity called out by the instance identifier to determine which instrumentation entity generates an event having the name and type provided in the event identifier string.
Referring to FIG. 11C, there is illustrated a set of data structures for performing hierarchical processing of simulation model events in accordance with a second embodiment of the present invention. In the depicted embodiment, a pair of input port mapping comments 1171 and 1172 employs a syntax compatible with the event naming data structure depicted in FIG. 10D.
Input port mapping comment 1171 connects event 1108 to input port event_1108_in on instrumentation entity 1150. Likewise, input port mapping comment 1172 connects event 1124 to input port event_1124_in on instrumentation entity 1150. By utilizing the augmented syntax of FIG. 11B or FIG. 11C, it is possible to create hierarchical events by connecting the inputs of instrumentation entities to events within the simulation model.
The above described system and method provides for practical instrumentation of simulation models and allows for efficient implementation of instrumentation logic through embedded instrumentation entities. Embedded instrumentation entities, as described hereinabove, are however necessarily limited to task-specific implementations. As described with reference to FIGS. 12A and 12B, the present invention further provides for a more flexible implementation of instrumentation logic in a more unstructured manner.
It is often necessary to tailor instrumentation logic to address unique problems and circumstances. Instrumentation logic of a specific and yet non-predefined nature that is designed in accordance with the techniques disclosed herein with reference to FIGS. 12A and 12B is referred herein as “random instrumentation logic.” A data construct consisting of general logic primitives (boolean operators, storage elements, etc.) and an interconnection method for these primitives is utilized for implementing such random instrumentation logic.
For instrumenting a simulation model as described heretofore, an HDL such as VHDL or Verilog is utilized as a platform from which instrumentation logic is generated. Appropriate instrumentation entity descriptor comments within design entity source code files couple the resultant instrumentation entities to designated target design entities within a simulation model.
In addition to entity descriptor comments within a design entity source code file, the foregoing instrumentation technique requires a separate HDL file in which the instrumentation entity is described. As explained with reference to FIGS. 12A and 12B, the present invention provides a method, system, and data structure for instrumenting design entities within a simulation model while avoiding the design process overhead required for creating a separate instrumentation entity HDL file.
In accordance with the teachings of the present invention, random instrumentation logic is directly deployed within target design entities in terms of individualized and customizable instrumentation descriptor comments. Such instrumentation descriptor comments are encoded within the target design entity HDL source code file and provide a means for the describing random instrumentation logic, events, and interconnections between the created instrumentation logic and the target design entity. The random instrumentation logic is inserted into the simulation model in a manner similar to the techniques used for embedded instrumentation entities to produce an instrumentation entity without the need for the creation of an explicit HDL instrumentation entity file.
With reference to FIG. 12A, there is illustrated a representative target design entity 1200 wherein random instrumentation logic is implemented in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention. Instantiated within target design entity 1200 is a design entity 1201. As further depicted in FIG. 12A, an instrumentation entity 1202 is instantiated within design entity 1201. Instrumentation entity 1202 is designed in accordance with the principles set forth hereinabove to generate a count event 1203 having an event name “count1.” Target design entity 1200 further includes an instrumentation entity 1208 that is generated utilizing random instrumentation logic. As depicted in FIG. 12A, instrumentation entity 1208 receives as inputs signals P, A, B, and C along with count event 1203.
Instrumentation entity 1208 is constructed by a set of unconventional comments lines within the source code file for target design entity 1200. These comments may be incorporated at any point within the logic description section of the HDL source code file. HDL compiler 462 (FIG. 4B) recognizes the unconventional comments in addition to any comments utilized to instantiate embedded instrumentation entities within design entity 1200. During the post-compilation/model build phase, instrumentation load tool 464 processes these comments in a manner similar to that utilized for embedded instrumentation entities (described with reference to FIGS. 10A-10D) to generate instrumentation entity 1208.
A variety of possible syntaxes can be utilized to formulate the unconventional HDL comments required for generating random instrumentation logic within the source code file of a target design entity. As depicted in FIG. 12B, much of the syntax of these comments employs syntax similar to the concurrent subset of the VHDL language with the addition of syntactic and semantic enhancements that provide a means of connection between an instrumentation entity and its target design entity. In addition, minor syntactic and semantic enhancements are provided to declare events and intermediate signals.
With reference now to FIG. 12B, there is illustrated an exemplary HDL source code file 1220 that describes design entity 1200. Within HDL source code file 1220, an entity instantiation 1221 produces design entity 1201, and assignment statements 1222 are utilized to generate signals A, B, and C. A set of unconventional comments 1223 within HDL source code file 1220 is utilized to produce instrumentation entity 1208. Comments 1223 are formulated as left-hand side (l.h.s.)/right-hand side (r.h.s.) assignment statements of the form:

{l.h.s.}<′{r.h.s.};

where {l.h.s. }, referred to herein after as lhs, is the assignment statement target and, {r.h.s}, referred to herein after as rhs is an expression denoting the logical value to be assigned to the statement lhs. A number of rules delineate the possible expressions for lhs and rhs in any legal statement in the instrumentation comments.

As employed within the instrumentation data structure of the present invention, an lhs statement may be either an event declaration or the name of a signal that is instantiated within an instrumentation entity. An event declaration is an expression within bracket characters (“[A,A]”) that generates a new event. Within comments 1223, a statement 1230 produces a count event 1240 from instrumentation entity 1208 (FIG. 12A) having eventname “countname0”.
Within an lhs event declaration, a first field designates the event type (count, fail, harvest, etc.) and is followed by such other fields as are necessary to declare the event. As illustrated in lines 1230, 1234, and 1236, such event declaration fields follow the same format as the event declaration fields depicted in FIG. 4C.
Comments 1223 further include a line 1232 having an lhs that declares a signal Q within instrumentation entity 1208. To prevent ambiguity, any signal declared in this manner may not have a name corresponding to the name of any signal present on the top level of target design entity 1200. Conformance to this requirement is verified by instrumentation load tool 464 (FIG. 4D) during processing. Signals declared by an lhs expression may be incorporated within an rhs expression as shown in lines 1232 and 1234.
An rhs consists of logical connectivity expressions and/or functions that combine various signals. Signals within these connectivity expressions may originate from a number of possible sources including: signals declared on the lhs of a statement in the instrumentation comments; signals within the target design entity; or signals designating other events within the target design entity.
The absence of period (“.”) or bracket (“[”, “,]”) characters within a signal value description in the rhs of a statement, designates the object signal as corresponding to either a signal within the top hierarchical level of the target design entity or to a signal declared on the lhs of a statement within the instrumentation language. Signals are named in a mutually exclusive manner by the rules governing creation of signals on the lhs of a statement in the instrumentation comments, thereby preventing any ambiguity in the determining the source of the given signal.
Signals in rhs connectivity expressions can also be connections to signals within entities instantiated within the target design entity. In such a circumstance, the instance names of the entity or entities in the hierarchy enclosing the desired signal are placed before the signal name in hierarchy order, delineated by period (“.”) characters. For example, the signal in statement 1230 (“Y.P”) represents signal 1204 within design entity 1201. Signals at any level of the target design hierarchy are thus accessible to instrumentation logic generated by the instrumentation language comments.
Signals within the instrumentation comment expressions can also designate other events within the target entity. Event identifiers as described hereinbefore for hierarchical events are used to denote such “event” signals. For example, statement 1232 performs a logical AND of instrumentation event 1203 and signal A. The event identifier “Y.[B1.count.count1]” connects instrumentation entity 1208 to instrumentation event 1203. This notation permits instrumentation events at any level of design hierarchy within target design entity 1200 to be directly accessed.
As further depicted in FIG. 12B, statement 1232 produces intermediate signal Q within instrumentation entity 1208. This is an example of an instrumentation comment statement declaring a new intermediate signal. These signals can be used in other statements to construct random instrumentation logic of any desired depth or complexity.
Statement 1234 utilizes intermediate signal Q along with signal 1206 to produce fail event 1241. The syntax for fail event declaration includes a field denoting the type of event (“fail”), a field giving the event name for the fail event (“failname0”), and a final field denoting the message to associate with the fail. Finally, statement 1236 produces harvest event 1242.
In general, the rhs expression of any statement in the instrumentation data structure of the present invention can access any signal or instrumentation event signal within the target design entity utilizing these syntactic mechanisms. These signals can be combined to form new events or intermediate signals that can themselves be further combined to form instrumentation logic of any desired depth or complexity.
Instrumentation comments can be placed anywhere within the logic description section of the target entity source code file. All instrumentation comments within a file are considered as a whole and produce a single instrumentation entity within the target design entity.
It is often necessary to override signal values within a simulation model to test various functions and create certain conditions that would otherwise not be possible or simple to obtain. To provide an efficient and designer accessible means of overriding signal values within a simulation model, the present invention incorporates specialized signal override output ports and logic into instrumentation entities that permit bus signal overrides during model simulation. Such signal override output ports must have different names that the outputs for count, fail, and harvest events, and compliance with this condition is verified by instrumentation load tool 464 (FIG. 4D) during the model build process.
The signal override output ports may be declared explicitly as ports in the HDL source code file of an explicitly represented instrumentation entity. For an embedded instrumentation entity or instrumentation entities produced by random instrumentation logic comments within a target design entity, the signal override output ports are automatically generated by instrumentation load tool 464. The signal override output ports are described in output port map statements that declare an alternate value that overrides a given simulation signal. Such an output port map statement further declares the conditions under which the simulation signal will be overridden. For each simulation signal (single or multi-bit) to be overridden, two output signals are produced: one providing the override signal value and another in the form of a single bit signal that enables or disables overriding of the simulation signal.
With reference to FIG. 13A, there is depicted an exemplary HDL design entity 1300 containing a multi-bit simulation signal R. Simulation signal R is driven by one or more sources within a logic module 1302, and is received by one or more sinks within a logic module 1304. While the present invention will be described with respect to overriding signal R, one skilled in the art will understand and appreciate the extensions necessary to apply the principles set forth herein to overriding single bit signals or subsets of multi-bit signals.
Referring to FIG. 13B, signal override functionality is incorporated within design entity 1300. As illustrated in FIG. 13B, design entity 1300 includes an instrumentation entity 1306 that is equipped to override signal R. In the depicted embodiment, instrumentation entity 1306 produces a signal R_OV(0..4) that is utilized within HDL design entity 1300 to selectively replace signal R as an input into logic module 1304. Instrumentation entity 1306 further produces a signal RT that enables an override of signal R with signal R_OV(0..4).
During a model build process, instrumentation load tool 464, instantiates a multiplexor (MUX) 1308 that breaks the path of the original signal R as depicted in FIG. 13A to produce signal R′ that is input into logic module 1304. MUX 1308 is directly instantiated by instrumentation load tool 464 into the design proto data structure for instrumentation entity 1306 without the need to alter the HDL source code for HDL design entity 1300. MUX 1308 selects between override signal R_OV(0..4) and the original signal value R to determine the value of signal R′.
MUX 1308 is controlled by a select signal 1310 that is driven by logical AND gate 1312. Logical AND gate 1312 is driven by signal RT and a latch bit signal from a latch 1314. In a manner similar to that described in relation fail events in FIG. 5A, latch 1314, when loaded with a binary>1′ value, forces MUX 1308 to select the original signal value R, thereby disabling overrides of signal R.
Instrumentation load tool 464 generates latch 1314 and logical AND gate 1312 for every overriddable signal within the simulation model. All signal overrides within a model can thus be selectively and individually disabled. For each overriddable signal, latch 1314 resides within instrumentation logic block 420 as depicted in FIG. 4B. In accordance with a preferred embodiment, only one instrumentation entity may override a given single bit signal or any signal or subset of signals within a multi-bit signal.
The signal override system of the present invention further provides a means by which instrumentation entities may access the original unaltered version of any given signal within the simulation model. As depicted in FIG. 13B, for example, instrumentation entity 1306 accesses the unaltered signal R by means of input signal 1320.
With reference to FIG. 13C, there is illustrated an exemplary HDL source code file 1340 that describes instrumentation entity 1306. HDL source code file 1340 includes entity descriptor comments 1351 and an architecture section 1358 comprising the functional logic within instrumentation entity 1306.
Within HDL source code file 1340, an input port map statement 1364 declares an input port 1309 at which instrumentation entity 1306 receives signal R from logic module 1302. A set of output port map statements 1362 and 1363 define the output ports from instrumentation entity 1306 for signals R_OV(0..4) and RT, respectively.
An input port map comment 1360 connects signal input 1320 to instrumentation entity 1306. Input port map comment 1360 employs an augmented syntax from that previously described for input port map comments. Signals that appear within brace (“{”, “}”) characters are defined to reference the original unaltered version of a signal within a particular target design entity. Hence the statement

--!! R_IN(0 to 4)′>{R(0 to 4)}

connects input port R_IN to signal R in the altered design proto data structure. The brace syntax may be used to enclose any signal within a port map comment or any signal referred to within a random instrumentation comment statement RHS. If a signal referenced within braces has no associated override mechanism in the model, the signal declaration within braces merely resolves to the unaltered signal itself.

An additional comment section, output declarations 1361, is further included within the descriptor comment syntax to declare signal overrides. Output declaration comment 1361 serves to generate the override logic shown in FIG. 13B and connect signals RT and R_OV(0..4) to the override logic. Output declarations such as output declaration comment 1361 are of the form:

--!!<name>:out_port′>target_signal [ctrl_port];

where name is a name associated with the specific signal override (R_OVRRIDE in FIG. 13C), out_port is the output port providing the override value for the signal, target_signal is the name of the signal to be overridden, and ctrl_port is the single bit output port that determines when the target signal is overridden.

One such output declaration is required for every overriddable signal. Signals designated by out_port and ctrl_port must appear as outputs declared in the HDL port map for the entity. As it does for instrumentation entities, instrumentation load tool 464 parses the comments depicted in FIG. 13C and alters the proto data structures within the simulation model at model build time to produce a result such as that depicted in FIG. 13B.
Furthermore, each signal override is given a unique name based on the “name” field within the output declaration comment in a manner analogous to that described earlier for count events. In this manner, each signal override can be specifically referred to for such purposes as disabling the signal override by setting latch 1314 as shown in FIG. 13B.
While FIG. 13C illustrates only those constructs necessary for implementing a signal override, it should be noted that there is no limitation placed upon the creation of count, fail, and harvest events within the same instrumentation entity as a signal override, and furthermore, that multiple signal override entities may be incorporated within the same instrumentation entity.
Referring to FIG. 13D, there is depicted an HDL source code file for producing design entity 1300 wherein a set of random instrumentation comments 1380 implement the logic necessary for selectively overriding signal R. A comment 1381 connects the unaltered version of signal R (referred to within the braces (“{”, “}”) syntax) to an internal instrumentation signal R_IN. A pair of comments 1382 and 1383 assigns values for signals R_OV and RT (the exact expressions assigned to RT and R_OV are not depicted). An event declaration instrumentation comment 1384 produces a signal that enables signal R to be overridden. In accordance with the depicted embodiment, an event declaration comment is of the form:

[override,<name>, <target_signal>, <ctrl_signal>],

where override is a fixed string denoting a signal override, “<name>” is the name assigned to the override, “<target_signal>” is the name of the signal in the target entity to be altered, and “<ctrl_signal>” is the name of the signal that determines when the signal override takes effect. By utilizing random instrumentation comments, a design engineer can efficiently create signal overrides.

Since in accordance with the teachings of the present invention, signal overrides are implemented directly using hardware constructs, it is possible to efficiently utilize signal overrides within a hardware simulator.
Simulation of a given model is typically controlled by a program, hereinafter referred to as RTX (Run Time eXecutive), that is written in a high-level language such as C or C++. To facilitate RTX control and execution of a simulation run, simulators typically provide a number of application program interface (API) functions that may be called by the RTX. Such API functions employ routines, protocols, and tools that allow for polling of signals within the simulation model, alteration of signals within a simulation model, cycling a simulation model, etc.
The RTX is often required to monitor occurrences of significant events during model simulation. Such events typically consist of a signal or a set of signals that assume a prescribed sequence of values and will be referred to hereinafter as “model events.” To monitor model signals, an RTX typically calls a specialized API function, hereinafter referred to as GETFAC, which allows for polling of signal values during model simulation.
Typically, an RTX must monitor a large number of signals, potentially on a cycle-by-cycle basis, within a simulation model and must subsequently process the signal values in order to detect the occurrence of model events. This approach to model event monitoring places a burden on the verification engineer in terms of re-writing RTX and communicating with design engineers when the signals or sequence of signal values that constitute a model event change.
To provide an efficient means for monitoring model events, so-called “detection events” are generated and are accessible by the RTX. Such detection events are generated by instrumentation entities. Detection events are implemented as output ports on an instrumentation entity. Furthermore, an enhanced API function is provided for directly accessing detection events within a given simulation model.
For each detection event, a first, potentially multi-bit, output is utilized as the value of a model event. An optional second single bit signal is utilized to indicate when the detection event occurs during model simulation. By their nature, certain model events occur at each and every cycle and therefore do not require a qualifying signal to track their occurrences.
With reference to FIG. 14A, there is illustrated a block diagram depicting data content within main memory 44 (FIG. 2) during a simulation run of a simulation model 1400. Main memory 44 includes the elements necessary for monitoring an exemplary model event including a software simulator 1410 that simulates simulation model 1400 under the control of an RTX 1405.
RTX 1405 delivers a set of API calls 1430 to API function GETFAC within simulator 1410 to obtain the values of signals A, B, C, and D within model 1400. Further processing of these signal events is performed utilizing an RTX code 1450 culminating in the assignment of the model event value to variable event_x at RTX code line 1455.
Referring to FIG. 14B, there is illustrated a block diagram depicting contents of main memory 44 during a simulation run in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention. In the depicted embodiment, an instrumentation entity 1460 is instantiated within simulation model 1400 using techniques described above. Instrumentation entity 1460 directly monitors signals A, B, C, and D by means of a set of signal connections 1462. Signal connections 1462 provide a more efficient means to monitor signals than GETFAC API function calls.
Within instrumentation entity 1460, instrumentation logic 1464 substantially recreates the function of RTX code 1450 of FIG. 14A and produces signals 1466 and 1468, which denote the value of a model event and when the model event occurs, respectively.
Each detection event within a given simulation model is assigned a unique name in a manner described below. During model build, instrumentation load tool 464 (FIG. 4D) generates a data structure in the form of a table within the simulation model that uniquely names all the detection events within a given simulation model and the corresponding instrumentation entity output signals. This table will be referred to hereinafter as the detection event translation table.
An API function GETEVENT( ) is provided within software simulator 1410 for accessing model detection events. API function GETEVENT references a detection event translation table 1470 to locate signals 1466 and 1468 in response to a call 1472 by RTX to obtain the value of model event event_x. RTX 1405 obtains the value of model event event_x without delivering a number of GETFAC API calls, and furthermore, without the need to process the signal values associated with the model event. The RTX code is thus insulated from potential changes to the signals and signal sequence values defining model event event_x. Any changes to the detailed definition of model event event_x are reflected within instrumentation entity 1460 and no changes to the RTX are necessary.
With reference to FIG. 14C, there is illustrated an exemplary HDL source code file 1480 that describes instrumentation entity 1460 in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 4C, exemplary file 1480 consists of a number of entity descriptor comments 1491 and an architecture section 1492 comprising instrumentation logic 1464.
Within HDL file 1480, a set of input port map comments 1493 serve to generate connections 1462 of FIG. 14B. An additional comment section, detection declarations 1494 is incorporated within the entity descriptor comment syntax that allows for declaring detection events. A detection declaration comment 1495 serves to generate and uniquely name detection event event_x. Moreover, detection declaration comment 1495 associates signals 1466 and 1468 of FIG. 14B with event_x. Detection event declarations, such as detection event declaration 1495 are of the form:

--!!<name>:event_value_port[ctrl_signal];

where name is a name associated with the specific detection event (event_x in FIG. 14C), event_value_port is the output port providing the value for the detection event, and ctrl_signal is an optional single bit output port that flags an occurrence of the model event.

Each detection event is uniquely named in accordance with the name field within the output declaration comment in a manner analogous to that described earlier for count events. Such detection event names, together with the corresponding instrumentation entity output ports, are inserted into the detection event translation table data structure that is placed within the model by instrumentation load tool 464. API function GETEVENT receives the extended event identifier associated with a given event as an input and returns the model event value and, if applicable, an indication of whether the event occurred in the current cycle.
While FIG. 14C illustrates only those constructs necessary for implementing a detection event, the principles set forth herein place no limitation on the generation of count, fail, and harvest events or signal overrides within the same instrumentation entity as a detection event. Moreover, multiple detection events may be incorporated within the same instrumentation entity.
Within the spirit and scope of the present invention, detection events may be created within random instrumentation comments in a manner largely similar to that described with reference to signal overrides. Detection events can also be combined, in a manner similar to that shown earlier, as part of a hierarchical event.
Finally, it should be noted that the present invention may be practiced in conjunction with a hardware simulator. As for software simulators, hardware simulators are controlled by an RTX program. To adapt the principles set forth herein to a hardware simulator environment, the hardware simulator provides a GETEVENT API function and accepts models containing a detection event translation table.
By utilizing random instrumentation comments, a design engineer can efficiently create representations of model events accessible to RTX. Such representations need not change even if the detailed definition of the model event changes. Such stability reduces the complexity and burden of maintaining RTX and lowers the amount of communication required between design and verification engineers.
In order to provide for the control and monitoring of instrumentation events within simulation models executing on a batch simulation farm, one or more general-purpose computers, hereinafter referred to as “instrumentation servers”, are added to batch simulation farms. An instrumentation server acts as a centralized repository for information used to control instrumentation events and for data gathered from instrumentation events during simulation runs. The exact nature and function of the control information and of the gathered data varies with the type of event (i.e. fail events vs. count events), as will be described below.
In order to allow for effective management of instrumentation events, a set of “eventlist” files (described with reference to FIGS. 10A-D) contain information about the exact number and content of the instrumentation events in a given model. The eventlist files are created at model build time by instrumentation load tool 464. These files, one per class of events (fail, count, harvest, etc.), list the particular events in the given simulation model. Each simulation model has a unique set of corresponding eventlist files that are created at model build time.
When instrumentation events are created at model build time, they are constructed in a specific order, and a unique index is assigned within the eventlist file to each instrumentation event for a given event class. Accesses to instrumentation events by API routines make use of these index values. Furthermore, when an API routine communicates aggregate data with respect to all events within a given event class to the instrumentation server, this aggregate data is sequentially ordered according to these index values.
Each eventlist file contains a list of the instrumentation events for a given event class within the model. These events are named in accordance with the naming convention data structures described above in conjunction with FIGS. 10A-C, which provides unique names for each of the instrumentation events. Referring back to FIG. 10A in conjunction with FIG. 15, there is shown an eventlist file 1660 for the count events of simulation model 1000 of FIG. 10A.
Eventlist file 1660 contains multiple count event class entries 1663. Each of count event class entries 1663 includes a unique, sequential index value 1661, and an extended event identifier 1662. Each of indices 1661 corresponds to the index of a particular event (in this case count event COUNT1) assigned at model build time. Extended event identifiers 1662 provide an event name associated with each individual event index. Eventlist file 1660 thus provides a mapping between the instrumentation event names and the instrumentation event indices as well as providing an ordering convention for aggregate data for a class of instrumentation events. Eventlist files, such as eventlist file 1660, are used by the instrumentation server to aid in the control and monitoring of instrumentation events in simulation models.
With reference now to FIG. 16A, there is illustrated a batch simulation farm 1601 in which a preferred embodiment of the present invention may be implemented. Batch simulation farm 1601 consists of geographically distant simulation farm nodes 1680a-d. Within these nodes, general-purpose computers 1600a-n are interconnected via local area networks (LANs) 1610a-d. LANs 1610a-d are further connected by means of a wide-area network (WAN) 1690, which provides communication among multiple simulation farm nodes 1680a-d. Those skilled in the art will recognize that many possible network topologies are possible for a batch simulation farm.
One such general-purpose computer 1607, together with a set of disk storage devices 1609 serve as a shared file system, which is accessible to all general-purpose computers within simulation farm nodes 1680a-d. Exemplary batch simulation farm 1601 has been shown with one shared file system server in a particular geographic node. Those skilled in the art will recognize that it is possible for the shared file system to be implemented as multiple general-purpose computers and disk devices across the different geographic nodes in the batch simulation farm. Further, it is possible for each distinct geographic node to have a unique shared file system. Such unique file systems are usually accessible to all nodes, but are most advantageously accessed within the local network node wherein the file system resides.
Within simulation farm node 1680a, a particular general-purpose computer serves as an instrumentation server 1699. Although a single instrumentation server is described with reference to the batch simulation farm environment shown in the figures, those skilled in the art will understand the extensions necessary to distribute the functionality of the instrumentation server across several physical general-purpose computers.
General-purpose computers 1600a-n within simulation farm nodes 1680a-d utilize software or hardware simulators to perform simulation tests on various digital design simulation models. In addition, certain designated general-purpose computers 1600 within batch simulation farm 1601 serve specific roles in the process of controlling and executing simulation tests as described below. Many of general-purpose computers 1600 may also be user machines that execute simulation tests as a secondary background function.
At any given time, a number of distinct versions of a simulation model for a given digital logic design may be undergoing simulation within batch simulation farm 1601. In addition, a number of different digital designs, each with their respective differing model versions, may be undergoing simulation. In such circumstances, each different model is typically given a name, hereinafter referred to as the “model name”, which uniquely identifies both the particular digital design and the particular version of the simulation model for the given digital design.
One or more general-purpose computers 1600, hereinafter referred to as “model servers”, are utilized to store the valid versions of simulation models currently available for execution within batch simulation farm 1601. Before simulation jobs can be executed within batch simulation farm 1601 with respect to a particular model, that model must be built, and a copy of the model placed on the model servers. In addition, the eventlist files for the model must be placed on instrumentation server 1699 to allow for the control and monitoring of the instrumentation events.
Within batch simulation farm 1601, one or more of general-purpose computers 1600a-n, referred to hereinafter as “testcase generators”, are typically utilized to create simulation testcases for the various models under simulation. The testcase generators are responsible for generating tests to be executed and further packaging these tests into simulation jobs. A simulation job is an entity containing the simulation test and any controlling information and/or programs (such as RTX) that are necessary to execute the simulation test within batch simulation farm 1601.
Simulation jobs are passed from the testcase generators to one or more of general-purpose computers 1600a-n that are utilized as batch controllers, within batch simulation farm 1601. These batch controllers are responsible for dispatching simulation jobs to a general-purpose computer utilized as a simulation platform, herein after referred to as a “simulation client”.
Once a simulation job arrives at a simulation client, the simulation client communicates with the model servers to obtain a copy of the simulation model corresponding to the particular simulation job. The model can be transferred to the simulation client by a number of means well known to those skilled in the art including, among others, a shared file system, File Transfer Protocol (FTP), or a custom file transport mechanism utilizing network communication protocols.
In addition, the simulation client communicates with instrumentation server 1699, the shared file system comprising general-purpose computer 1607 and disk storage devices 1609, or some combination thereof, in order to obtain the control information for the instrumentation events within the model. This control information is stored on a per model basis by model name on instrumentation server 1699. The exact contents and nature of the communication between the simulation client and instrumentation server 1699 varies with the type of events within the model as explained in further detail below. The instrumentation event control information is used by API routines called by RTX to control the behavior of the instrumentation events within the simulation model.
The simulation model is then loaded into either memory 44 or the hardware simulator within the simulation client. Model processing control is then passed to RTX for the execution of the simulation testcase. RTX executes the testcase until the successful completion of the test or an error condition (test fail) occurs.
Within batch simulation farm 1601, one or more of general-purpose computers 1600a-n, hereinafter referred to as “statistics servers”, are utilized to store general statistics, such as cycles completed, number of passing tests executed, etc. concerning the execution of simulation jobs within batch simulation farm 1601. Likewise, one or more of general-purpose computers 1600a-n, hereinafter referred to as “failed testcase servers”, are utilized to store simulation tests that have failed in order to facilitate the re-execution and debugging of these testcases.
At the conclusion of the execution of a testcase, whether due to successful execution or a failure, RTX communicates with the statistics server to record general statistics about the execution of the simulation job. Such communication can be accomplished in a number of ways well known to those skilled in the art including a shared file system, a direct network connection between RTX and the statistics server, a file transport mechanism, and others.
At the conclusion of a testcase, RTX also communicates the aggregate information concerning instrumentation events to instrumentation server 1699. This information is stored on instrumentation server 1699 for future analysis and in some cases is utilized to control instrumentation events in future simulation testcase runs for a given model. The exact nature of this communication varies for the different event classes as explained in further detail below.
If a testcase concludes due to a failure, RTX communicates with the failed testcase server to save those elements of the simulation job required to allow for the reproduction of the failed simulation testcase. The failed testcase server serves as a repository of failed tests that may be retrieved and re-executed in a foreground manner to allow for detailed investigation and problem resolution.
It is important to note that different simulation models typically require differing forms of testcases. What constitutes a testcase varies, often dramatically, between different simulation models. This is due to the varied techniques utilized in the present art for simulation of digital systems. In such circumstances, the failed testcase servers provide mechanisms capable of storing each of the various different forms of testcases.
In response to RTX communicating the general statistics for a simulation job to the statistics servers, communicating the aggregate statistics for the instrumentation events to instrumentation server 1699, and arranging for the storage of any failed simulation testcases on the failed testcase servers, RTX terminates and the simulation client is released. The batch controllers can then dispatch a new simulation job to the simulation client for execution. Those skilled in the art will recognize that many potential variations in the operation of a batch simulation farm are possible.
With reference to the flowchart of FIG. 16B in conjunction with FIG. 15, there is depicted a progression of events from the creation of a specific simulation model to the removal of that model from batch simulation farm 1601 and instrumentation server 1699. The process begins at step 1621, which depicts the creation of the given simulation model. The simulation model is created in accordance with model build processes described hereinbefore.
Proceeding to step 1622, the model is placed on the model server to be available for simulation jobs executed within batch simulation farm 1601. Next, as illustrated at step 1655, the model eventlist files are placed on instrumentation server 1699. Once the eventlist files for a given model are placed on instrumentation server 1699, instrumentation server 1699 begins controlling instrumentation events and gathering instrumentation event data for the given model. Placing the eventlist files on instrumentation server 1699 will be referred to hereinafter as “commissioning” a model.
The process continues as depicted at step 1623, with a determination of whether all the desired testing for the given model has been completed. If, as illustrated at step 1625, not all testing for the given model is complete, a new testcase is generated by the testcase generators. Subsequent to generation of a new testcase, a batch controller dispatches the resultant simulation job to a simulation client for execution as shown at step 1626. The simulation job is then executed on the simulation client as depicted at step 1627. Finally, the process returns to step 1623 to repeat until model testing for the given model is complete and the model is removed from the batch simulation farm as illustrated at step 1624.
Those skilled in the art will recognize that it is possible for several concurrent simulation jobs for the same model to be executing contemporaneously within batch simulation farm 1601. That is to say, steps 1625-1627 may be executed with respect to the same model a number of times concurrently by batch controllers within batch simulation farm 1601. The given simulation model is not removed from batch simulation farm 1601 until all outstanding jobs, potentially executing concurrently, for the given simulation model have completed execution. Referring to step 1624, when all testing for the model has been completed, the model is removed from the model servers and therefore from batch simulation farm 1601.
It is often necessary to access particular elements of the instrumentation data for a particular model even after the model has been removed from batch simulation farm 1601. Process step 1628 depicts a determination of whether there still exists a need for access to the instrumentation data stored within instrumentation server 1699 for the given model. In response to a determination that all necessary access to instrumentation data for the model has been completed, the process continues as shown at step 1629, with the eventlist files, control information, and instrumentation data files for the given model all being removed from instrumentation server 1699, thereby removing the model in its entirety from instrumentation server 1699.
With reference to the flowchart of FIG. 16C, the steps involved in simulation job execution step 1627 of FIG. 16C are depicted in greater detail. The process of executing a simulation job on a simulation client begins with step 1631, which depicts the simulation client obtaining a copy of the model corresponding to the given simulation job provided by the model servers. As illustrated at step 1638, the simulation client communicates with instrumentation server 1699 to obtain and process control information for the instrumentation events within the simulation model. Proceeding to step 1632, the simulation model is loaded into a hardware simulator or memory 44 of the simulation client.
The process then moves to step 1633, which depicts the execution of the simulation test under RTX control. Once the simulation test is complete, and as illustrated at step 1634, RTX delivers the aggregate statistical results data obtained from the simulation job to the statistics server wherein the data are logged. Next, as depicted at step 1635, a determination is made of whether or not the testcase failed. If the testcase has failed, and as shown at step 1636, the RTX communicates the failed testcase to the failed testcase servers. If it is determined at step 1635 that the testcase did not fail, the process continues at step 1637, which depicts RTX delivering various aggregate instrumentation event data to the instrumentation server 1699 as will be described below. The process concludes with step 1639, illustrating the simulation client being released to perform other simulation jobs.
In an environment such as batch simulation farm 1601, which contains a potentially large number of different versions of active simulation models, it is important to ensure the correctness of the aggregate instrumentation data communicated from the simulation clients to the instrumentation server for the various models. Each simulation model contains a unique set of instrumentation events that are ordered, per class of events, in a unique fashion. The nature and identity of these sets of events are delivered to instrumentation server 1699 when the eventlist files for each model are commissioned onto instrumentation server 1699.
Aggregate data about a group of instrumentation events delivered from a simulation client are identified by the model name within instrumentation server 1699. Once a particular simulation model is commissioned (i.e., the eventlist files for the model have been placed on instrumentation server 1699), it may be useful to enable instrumentation server 1699 to determine if the aggregate instrumentation data received under a given model name correctly corresponds to the instrumentation data for the model named in accordance with the model name originally commissioned on instrumentation server 1699.
Simulation clients 1600a-n may also be utilized to simulate a model directly in a foreground mode without using the batch simulation farm. Such a foreground simulation does not require the placement of a model on the model servers or the placement of the eventlist files on the instrumentation server. Such independent model processing is one possibility necessitating a method for ensuring consistency of eventlist model data within instrumentation server 1699. To provide a means to uniquely correlate aggregate instrumentation data to a specific simulation model, instrumentation load tool 464 places a number of so-called “digital signatures” within each simulation model. These signatures are computed for each instrumentation event class and are subsequently utilized by a cyclic-redundancy-check (CRC) check function to ensure an exact correspondence between models commissioned within instrumentation server 1699 and subsequently arriving model event information. As explained in further detail with reference to FIGS. 17A-C, a digital signature is generated that uniquely corresponds to the eventlist contents for each event class. The digital signature is computed from the eventlist data for a given set of events within a specific simulation model. Any alterations, additions, or deletions to an eventlist file will result in a differing digital signature.
The use of CRC values is well known to those skilled in the art and they are used in a variety of other circumstances to detect corruption of data during transmission or storage. As implemented herein, however, the CRC “digital signature” serves not to detect errors in the physical transmission or storage of data, but rather as a unique signature for the contents of an eventlist file for a simulation model. For example, if a model with a different set of instrumentation events is created, but given the same name as an earlier model, the contents of the eventlists are changed and therefore the value of the CRC digital signatures will differ from those of the original model.
Referring to FIG. 17A, there is illustrated a block diagram depicting data content within main memory 44 (FIG. 2), including a simulation client 1701, during a simulation run of a simulation model 1700 in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention. Within simulation model 1700, digital signatures 1710a-n correspond to a CRC value calculated by instrumentation load tool 464 for the various eventlists describing all instrumentation events contained in simulation model 1700.
At the conclusion of a simulation run, an RTX 1702 communicates aggregate instrumentation event data to instrumentation server 1699, as depicted in step 1637 of FIG. 16C. To communicate the aggregate event instrumentation data, RTX 1702 calls API entry point 1740 within a simulator 1735. API entry point routine 1740 collects the instrumentation event data into an “aggregate data packet” (depicted in FIG. 17B), which is delivered to instrumentation server 1699 through a network interface 1720. Distinct API entry points are provided for each class of instrumentation events that must communicate aggregate data with instrumentation server 1699.
With reference to FIG. 17B, an aggregate data packet 1750, such as that delivered by API entry point routine 1740 to instrumentation server 1699, is depicted. Aggregate data packet 1750 contains a model name field 1751, a CRC digital signature value 1752, and a data field 1753. Model name field 1751 consists of the name of simulation model 1700. CRC digital signature value 1752 contains the digital signature value for the class of events communicated in aggregate data packet 1750. Data field 1753 contains the aggregate instrumentation event data for model 1700. The nature and contents of this data varies for each class of instrumentation events.
Referring to FIG. 17C, there is shown a process by which model event data for aggregate data packets received by instrumentation server 1699 is validated in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention. The process begins at step 1770 with instrumentation server 1699 receiving an eventlist for a specific model during model commissioning. Next, as illustrated at step 1772, instrumentation server 1699 computes and stores a CRC digital signature uniquely characterized by the contents of the eventlist. Instrumentation server 1699 employs the same CRC computation function as that utilized by instrumentation load tool 464 to generate the CRC digital signature value such as CRC value 1752.
Proceeding to step 1774, instrumentation server 1699 receives an aggregate data packet structured as depicted in FIG. 17B from simulation client 1701. It should be noted that the CRC value contained with the aggregate packet received at step 1174 was previously computed and stored by instrumentation load tool 464. The process continues as depicted at step 1776, with a determination of whether or not the aggregate data packet corresponds to a model and event class that has previously been commissioned with instrumentation server 1699. If not, and as illustrated at step 1782, the packet is discarded. If, however, the aggregate data packet corresponds to a class of event for a model name commissioned on instrumentation server 1699, the process proceeds to step 1778.
Step 1778 depicts a determination of whether or not the CRC digital signature contained within aggregate data packet 1750 matches the CRC value computed and stored at step 1772. If the CRC check values match, and as illustrated at step 1780, the packet is processed. The exact nature of the processing varies with the type of packet as explained in further detail below. If the CRC check values do not match, the packet is discarded as depicted at step 1782. Following either packet processing (step 1780) or packet discard (step 1782), the process returns to step 1774 at which a next arriving aggregate data packet is received.
By calculating and storing a CRC digital signature value for each eventlist received when models are commissioned, instrumentation server 1699 can verify that each aggregate data packet received for a given model name matches the data contents of the model having that name when originally commissioned on the instrumentation server. In this manner, instrumentation server 1699 can ensure that the data received corresponds to the model (as defined by the model name) as that model was defined at the time it was commissioned.
In the context of a batch simulation farm, it is advantageous to provide a means to centrally disable instrumentation events without the need to recompile or redistribute simulation models. Such a mechanism is particularly useful for centrally disabling a faulty or undesired fail instrumentation event within a simulation model that may be simulated within any number of simulation clients within the batch simulation farm.
Faulty fail instrumentation events may result in a large number of testcases being erroneously reported as failing and subsequently being erroneously stored for analysis. Although the following description of centralized instrumentation event disablement is explained only for fail events, one skilled in the art will appreciate that similar techniques could be applied to instrumentation event types other than fail events.
FIG. 18A illustrates contents of memory 44 within simulation client 1701 during execution of a simulation job. Prior to execution of the simulation job, RTX 1702, as part of step 1638 of FIG. 16C, calls API entry point 1800, disable_events( ). API entry point 1800 is a routine that communicates with instrumentation server 1699 and/or shared file system 1609 to obtain a list of events to be disabled, hereafter referred to as a “fail disable list”. Separate, initially empty fail disable lists are stored for each active model within batch simulation farm 1601.
Once the fail disable list is obtained by RTX 1702, API entry point 1800 further calls API entry point 1802, set_fail_mask( ), to disable the specific failure events listed in the retrieved fail disable list. To disable, or mask, the fail events specified in the fail disable list, API entry point 1802 sets appropriate fail mask registers 507a-n as described with reference to FIG. 5A.
API entry point 1800 obtains the fail disable list from one of two sources. The first source is a master file 1805 stored on disk in instrumentation server 1699. The second possible source is from an auxiliary file 1807 stored in association with general purpose computer 1607 in shared file system 1609. Master file 1805 serves as the primary copy of the fail disable list. At regular intervals, instrumentation server 1699 copies the contents of master file 1805 into auxiliary file 1807, which serves as a backup copy of the fail disable list.
The two-file system depicted in FIG. 18A is used to maintain the fail disable list in a flexible and robust manner within geographically distributed simulation farm 1601. Simulation clients that obtain the fail disable list from shared file system 1609 can potentially receive a “stale” copy of the disable fail list. In practice, this may not pose a problem since master file 1805 is copied onto auxiliary file 1807 on a regular interval, and any discrepancies between master file 1805 and auxiliary file 1807 are quickly reconciled.
In one implementation, simulation clients within the same local area network as instrumentation server 1699 are configured to primarily obtain the fail disable list by direct communication with instrumentation server 1699. In response to a communication failure with instrumentation server 1699, the simulation clients would attempt to obtain the fail disable list from shared file system 1609, which may reside within or outside the requestor's local area.
A direct network connection with a geographically remote instrumentation server can potentially be more error prone and have lower performance than a local connection to a geographically local shared file system. Therefore, simulation clients that are geographically remote (i.e. not in the same local area network) with respect to instrumentation server 1699, may be configured to initially attempt to obtain the disable fail list from a local shared file system. In alternate implementations, simulation clients may be configured to obtain the fail disable list from shared file system 1609 in order to reduce network traffic to instrumentation server 1699. By having two separate sources for the fail disable list, the simulation clients can be configured to balance the traffic between instrumentation server 1699 and shared file systems 1609.
Referring to the flowchart of FIG. 18B, wherein is depicted the processes performed with respect to API entry point 1800 in greater detail. As shown in FIG. 18B, the process begins with a fail list request by RTX 1702 as depicted at step 1829. In response to the RTX request, and as illustrated at step 1830, a determination is made of whether or not an attempt should be made to access instrumentation server 1699 to obtain the disable failure list. If a determination is made not to attempt to access the fail disable list from instrumentation server 1699, the process continues at step 1836, with a further determination of whether or not to access shared file system 1609. Otherwise, as illustrated at step 1832, simulation client 1701 attempts to obtain the fail disable list from instrumentation server 1699.
Proceeding to step 1834, if the attempt to access instrumentation server 1699 was successful, the fail events specified in the fail disable list are disabled via API entry points 1800 and 1802 as illustrated at step 1844. In the case of an unsuccessful attempt to access instrumentation server 1699, and as depicted at step 1836, a further determination is made of whether to attempt to access shared file system 1609 in an alternative attempt to obtain the fail disable list. As depicted at steps 1838, 1840, and 1844, the fail events specified in the fail disable list are disabled (i.e. API entry point 1800 calls API entry point 1802 to disable the designated failure events) in response to simulation client 1701 successfully accessing shared file system 1609. The failure event disablement process concludes step 1846, depicting API entry point returning a successful disablement indication to RTX 1702. If the attempt to access shared file system 1609 is unsuccessful, the process concludes with step 1842, illustrating API call 1800 returning an indication to RTX 1702 that the attempt to mask the failure events failed.
To initiate disablement of one or more fail events for a given simulation model, a user adds an entry to a fail disable list associated with the simulation model within master file 1805. Subsequently, simulation clients utilizing the fail disable list within master file 1805 will disable the fail event(s) for the particular simulation model in accordance with the process illustrated in FIG. 18B. At a pre-determined interval, the fail disable list within master file 1805 is delivered to replace the failure disable list within auxiliary file 1807, and the currently active simulation clients will disable the failure event(s) specified in the updated list for the specified model.
Within a fail disable list file, fail events are specified by entries corresponding in structure to the event identifiers for failure events with possible wildcard extensions in the various eventname fields. Such wildcard extensions permit, for example, the automatic disablement of all the replicated instances of a given failure event without having to explicitly list all the instances of the failure event. However, by utilizing entries without wildcards within the failure disable file, the failure disable list provides the ability to selectively disable specific individual failure event instances as well.
FIGS. 18A and 18B illustrate a user-initiated mechanism for centrally disabling fail events within a batch simulation farm environment. Typically, batch simulation farms run continuously and cannot be directly monitored at all times. As will be explained with reference to FIGS. 19A and 19B, the present invention provides an autonomous means of disabling failure events that does not require active user intervention.
With reference to FIG. 19A, there are depicted contents of memory 44 within simulation client 1701 at the conclusion of a simulation job in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention. Simulation model 1700 contains fail events identified within fail event flag registers 500a-n as described hereinbefore in conjunction with FIG. 5A. Signal 511, driven by logical OR gate 512, indicates the occurrence of a failure event during a simulation job.
As part of step 1637 of FIG. 16C, RTX 1702 calls an API entry point 1900, report_fails( ). API entry point 1900 first examines signal 511 to determine if any of the fail events specified within flag registers 500a-n have occurred during a simulation run. If none of the specified failure events has occurred, API entry point 1900 terminates further action.
However, if one or more of the specified failure events have occurred during the simulation run, API entry point 1900 generates and delivers a corresponding aggregate data packet for the occurring failure events via network interface 1720 to instrumentation server 1699. The contents of registers 500a-n are contained, for example, in the data field of the aggregate data packet delivered to instrumentation server 1699. In this manner, instrumentation server 1699 receives information for every failure event that occurs within batch simulation farm 1601. In accordance with the depicted embodiment, instrumentation server 1699 maintains a set of counters 1901, one set per commissioned model, to monitor the rate of occurrence for individual failure events.
After verifying the correctness of the fail event aggregate data packet, in accordance with the process described above with reference to FIG. 17C, instrumentation server 1699 increments counters 1901 to record the occurrence of the failure events in model 1700. Contemporaneously with processing aggregate failure event data packets, instrumentation server 1699 decrements counters 1901 at a regular interval. In this manner, counters 1901 indicate the number of times a failure event has occurred within a given time interval rather than the total number of times a failure event has occurred. The interval at which counters 1901 are decremented is a predetermined value that can be adjusted.
Within counters 1901, only one counter is provided per specific fail event without regard to the differing instances of the specific fail event. That is to say, failure events are considered in a non-hierarchical sense as described above. Occurrences of fail events from all instances of a given fail event are added into a single counter. Each of counters 1901 therefore represents the rate at which a given failure event occurs, irrespective of which instance or instances of the failure event occur. In practice, it is preferable to consider failure events in a non-hierarchical sense, since, in general, the significance of a given failure event does not depend on where in simulation model 1700 the failure occurs.
Referring to FIG. 19B, there is depicted a flow diagram of a process by which instrumentation server 1699 processes fail event aggregate data packets in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention. The process begins at step 1910 and proceeds to step 1912, which depicts instrumentation server 1699 receiving a fail event aggregate data packet. The process continues with step 1914, illustrating a determination of whether or not the aggregate data packet corresponds to a model commissioned within instrumentation server 1699 in accordance with the digital signature verification method explained with reference to FIGS. 17A-C. If the aggregate data packet cannot be verified, it is discarded as illustrated at step 1916.
Otherwise, if the aggregate data packet has been verified as corresponding to a commissioned model, counters 1901 are incremented in accordance with packet data content within instrumentation server 1699 as depicted at step 1918. The fail threshold process of the depicted embodiment is based on rates of occurrences of fail events rather than a cumulative evaluation. To this end, and as depicted at steps 1925 and 1927, all of counters 1901 are decremented at a predetermined time interval during processing of received aggregate fail event packets.
Following counter incrementation, and as illustrated at step 1920, a determination is made of whether or not any of counters 1901 has exceeded a predetermined threshold. Any counter having exceeded this threshold indicates that a given fail event is occurring at too frequently (i.e. at an excessive rate). Responsive to a determination that any of counters 1901 has exceeded its threshold, the process continues as illustrated at step 1922, with instrumentation server 1699 adding an entry for the excessively occurring fail event into the fail disable list within master file 1805. This entry disables all instances of the problematic failure event within simulation model 1700, and with respect to the disabled failure event, the process terminates as shown at step 1924.
If, as determined at step 1920, no counters have exceeded the threshold, the fail threshold process terminates as shown at step 1924 with respect to the packet received at step 1912. Instrumentation server 1699 repeats the steps depicted in FIG. 19B for each fail event aggregate data packet received from API entry point 1900, report_fails( ).
The process illustrated in FIG. 19B provides a means by which instrumentation server 1699 monitors the occurrence of failure events within simulation models executed on batch simulation farm 1601. When a given failure event occurs faster than a certain threshold, instrumentation server 1699 automatically disables the failure event. This process occurs without the need for user intervention.
In an environment such as batch simulation farm 1601, it is common for a given design entity to be utilized in a number of different models of varying complexity and size. A given design entity may appear in different models ranging in complexity from a model containing a subset of the integrated circuit in which the entity resides to a model containing an entire system with potentially multiple instances of the physical chip in which the design entity resides. Furthermore, there may be several versions of each of these different models active within batch simulation farm 1601 at any given time.
In such an environment, it advantageous to provide a means that allows an HDL circuit designer to access count event data for a given design entity without requiring specific knowledge of which active models in the batch simulation farm contain that design entity. In practice, designers are generally not aware of the specifics of the models active in a batch simulation farm at any given time.
In addition, once a designer registers a request for count event data, it is useful if this request can be repeated without user intervention at specified intervals, and that the counter data are returned automatically to the designer's workstation for on-going evaluation. In the following description, a request (from an HDL designer, for example) for counter data submitted within a batch simulation farm environment will be referred to as a “counter query”. Counter queries are delivered from one of general-purpose computers 1600 to instrumentation server 1699 for storage and processing. In accordance with the embodiments described herein, a separate list of counter queries is maintained for each individual user.
With reference to FIG. 20A, there is depicted the contents of memory 44 at the conclusion of a simulation processing job performed with respect to simulation model 1700 within simulation client 1701. Simulation model 1700 contains count event registers 421a-421n as described hereinbefore with reference to FIG. 4B. Each of count event registers 421a-421n maintains a count representing the number of times a particular instrumentation count event has occurred during the simulation of simulation model 1700.
As part of step 1637 of FIG. 16C, RTX 1702 calls an API entry point rpt_counts( ) 2000. API entry point 2000 generates and delivers an aggregate data packet containing the results registered in count event registers 421a-421n to instrumentation server 1699 via network 1720. Upon receipt of the aggregate count event data packet, instrumentation server 1699 confirms that the packet information corresponds to a commissioned simulation model utilizing a CRC digital signature as described with reference to FIGS. 17A-17C. If the aggregate data packet corresponds to a commissioned model, instrumentation server 1699 stores the count data within the aggregate count event packet in a set of count data storage files 2001a-2001n. 
FIG. 20B depicts an exemplary aggregate count event packet 2010 in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention. Similar to aggregate data packet 1750 of FIG. 17B, aggregate count event packet 2010, includes model name field 1751, CRC digital signature field 1752, and data field 1753. Within data field 1753, a cycle count field 2011 contains a count value representing the number of cycles executed during the simulation run from which aggregate count event packet 2010 was generated. A set of count value fields 2012a-ncontain the count values for each of the count events instantiated within simulation model 1700 in the order set forth by the count eventlist file created at model build time.
Within instrumentation server 1699 depicted in FIG. 20A, the count event data contained in the count value fields for one or more aggregate count event packets is stored in count data storage files 2001a-n. Each of count data storage files 2001a-ntherefore contains all recorded counts for a given predetermined time interval (typically a day) for a specified simulation model. When instrumentation server 1699 receives and confirms the commissioned status of aggregate count event packet 2010, one of count data storage files 200la-nis either created or updated as necessary to store the contents of the received aggregate count event packet 2010.
Referring to FIG. 20C there is illustrated the contents of an exemplary count data storage file 2001 among count data storage files 200la-n. Within count data storage file 2001, a cumulative cycle count field 2020 represents the cumulative number of cycles simulated during every simulation run for which count data is added into count data storage file 2001 over the aforementioned predetermined time interval. A set of cumulative count fields 2021a-2021n contain the cumulative number of occurrences of each corresponding count event included within count value fields 2012a-2012n for each aggregate count event packet received by instrumentation server 1699. In summary, when aggregate count event packet 2010 is received and verified by instrumentation server 1699, cycle count field 2011 is added to cumulative cycle count field 2020 and likewise, count value fields 2012a-2012n are added to corresponding cumulative count value fields 2021a-2021n. Count data storage file 2001 therefore contains a cumulative total of the number of cycles executed on the given simulation model and the number of times each count event has occurred over a pre-designated time interval which in the depicted embodiment is a day.
FIG. 20D illustrates a directory structure implemented within instrumentation server 1699 for storing count data storage files 2001a-2001n. All count data is stored under a counter storage directory 2030 on a disk storage unit 2007 within instrumentation server 1699. As depicted in FIG. 20D, counter storage directory 2030 is further divided into a two-tier subdirectory structure.
A first tier of subdirectories 2031 is utilized to associate count data contained within a received aggregate count event packet with a particular time period (e.g. a specific date) in accordance with a pre-designated time increment. In the embodiment depicted in FIG. 20D, this pre-designated time increment is a day (i.e. one 24-hour period). Each of subdirectories 2031 therefore contains the count data for all simulation models received on a particular date. Each of subdirectories 2031 is named in a fixed manner that is derived from the date on which the subdirectory was created. In association with each of subdirectories 2031, a second tier of subdirectories 2032 is utilized to divide the count data received by instrumentation server 1699 on a given day into directories indexed on a per-model basis. Therefore, each of subdirectories 2032 includes all count data collected for a particular simulation model on a particular date. As shown in FIG. 20D, each of subdirectories 2032 is named in a fixed manner that is derived from the model name of the given model.
As further illustrated in FIG. 20D, each of subdirectories 2032 contains a corresponding one of count data storage files 2001a-2001n, containing the count data for a specified simulation model collected on a given date. The directory/subdirectory structure contained within disk storage unit 2007 provides an efficient directory path for locating count event data for any given simulation model generated on a particular date. For example, sorting count data first by day and then by simulation model, simplifies removal of stale data from instrumentation server 1699. Data for all active simulations models that is obtained during an expired past time interval can be removed simply by removing the appropriate subdirectory 2031 and its contents.
As a further improvement in processing counter queries, and in accordance with an important feature of the present invention, instrumentation server 1699 generates and maintains a “count event entity translation table” that is indexed on a per-design-entity basis such that all design entities contained within simulation models for which aggregate count event data has been received are listed, and are furthermore associated with a list of all of the simulation models in which they are instantiated.
To allow for the construction of the entity translation table within instrumentation server 1699, instrumentation load tool 464 is further augmented to produce an “entitylist file” as a part of the model build process for each simulation model. The entity list file lists every design entity within a given model in which instrumentation count events are instantiated. Similar to the processing of event list files, entity list files are commissioned within instrumentation server 1699 as a part of step 1655 of FIG. 16B. Upon receiving an entity list file, instrumentation server 1699, adds the simulation model and design entity identification contents of the entitylist file to the entity translation table.
FIG. 20E illustrates a set of exemplary entity list files 2041a-2041c that are incorporated within a count event entity translation table 2044 in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention. Each of the entity list files 2041a-2041c includes a list of design entity identifiers corresponding to every design entity within a respective simulation model (models X, Y, and Z) that include instantiated instrumentation count events.
Count event entity translation table 2044 maintains an index list 2046 of the design entities (a, b, c, d, x, and y) having instantiated instrumentation count events and that are included within simulation models, including models X, Y, and Z, which have been commissioned on instrumentation server 1699. A model list 2045 includes entries corresponding to each design entity index within index list 2046 denoting those simulation models that contain the design entity designated by the design entity index entry. The steps necessary to generate count event entity translation table 2044 from entitylist files 2041a-2041c are readily conceivable by one skilled in the art and are therefore not described herein. When a simulation model is decommissioned (i.e. records and data removed from instrumentation server 1699), its corresponding entries within model list 2045 are removed (potentially including removal of a design entity index when the last model containing that design entity is removed) from count event entity translation table 2044. Instrumentation server 1699, utilizes count event entity translation table 2044 to ascertain which subset of count data storage files 2001a-2001n must be searched in response to a user count query for a given design entity or entities.
Elements within instrumentation server 1699 utilized for storing, managing, and executing user counter queries as depicted in FIG. 20F. To create, delete, or modify counter queries, a user executes a counter query interface program 2050 on general-purpose computer 1600. Counter query interface program 2050 utilizes a graphical user interface (GUI) 2051 on display 14 to allow the user to display, create, remove, or edit counter queries delivered to and stored within instrumentation server 1699. A set of such counter queries 2053a-2053n is stored on disk storage device 2007 within instrumentation server 1699. Each of counter queries 2053a-2053n is stored in a separate file and contains information, described below with reference to FIG. 20H, denoting the time at which the query is to be executed, the count data being requested, and the means by which to return the counter query data to the user.
A counter query manager program 2052, residing within memory 44 of instrumentation server 1699, executes counter queries 2053a-2053n and also returns the final output count data to the user. At regular intervals, counter query manager 2052 examines counter queries 2053a-2053n to determine which of these queries should be run at any given interval. A determination to run a particular counter query is made by examining information within the query itself, which indicates a time at which the query is to execute within instrumentation server 1699.
Upon determining that a specific query among counter queries 2053a-2053n is to be executed, counter query manager 2052 spawns an instance of a counter query engine (CQE) program 2054 to process the query. Counter query manager 2052 can spawn multiple instances of counter query engine program 2054 simultaneously if multiple counter queries are to be executed over the same interval.
Counter query engine program 2054 utilizes information within the counter query and count event entity translation table 2044 in order to search appropriate count data storage files 2001a-2001n for the counter information specified in counter query 2053. At the end of this search, counter query program 2054 produces a query report hereinafter called a “basic counter output report”.
Referring to FIG. 20G, there is illustrated an exemplary basic counter output report 2060. Within basic counter output report 2060, a first integer field 2061 denotes the number of simulator cycles accumulated during simulation runs on simulation models containing the count events for which a count has been requested in the counter query. The value stored within first integer field 2061 is derived by summing count fields 2020 (FIG. 20C) for each of the counter data storage files 2001a-2001n that contain the count events identified in the counter query. Basic counter output report 2060 further contains a report list 2062 including entries for each count event specified in the counter query. Entries within list 2062 consist of count event identifier fields 2063 and integer fields 2064 which denote the number of occurrences of a corresponding count event in accordance with information obtained from counter data storage files 2001a-n. 
Counter queries can specify either a hierarchical or non-hierarchical query. In a hierarchical query, each replicated instance of any given count event is queried independently. As such, the basic counter query report lists individual entries within list 2062 for each replicated instance of a given count event. In such a circumstance, each of count event identifier fields 2063 corresponds to the extended event identifier described earlier in conjunction with FIG. 10B. Exemplary basic counter output report 2060 represents a hierarchical report for event “count1” within design entity “Z” within simulation model 1000 described earlier with reference to FIG. 10A.
Counter queries may alternatively be non-hierarchical, wherein all replicated instances of a given count event are grouped as a single event for reporting purposes. The counts for the individual instances of the count event are summed to form an overall count of the number of times the individual count event occurred in all instances.
FIG. 20G further illustrates a basic counter output report 2065 that results from a non-hierarchical counter query. Non-hierarchical basic counter output report 2065 includes an event identifier 2066 corresponding to the event identifier for the count events with the instance identifier field removed. Since the various instances of a given count event are combined into a single reported event, the instance identifier has no meaning and is not included in the non-hierarchical report.
Returning to FIG. 20F, after being produced by counter query engine 2054, a set of basic counter output reports 2060a-2060n is stored within instrumentation server 1699 in a subdirectory 2055. Each report within subdirectory 2055 is named such that the date on which it was created and the particular user counter query which created the report can be determined. Basic counter output reports are stored by instrumentation server 1699 to enable on-going analysis of longer term trends of the counter data as described below.
Counter query engine 2054 may optionally be utilized for post-processing of basic counter output report 2060 in order to produce a graphical representation of the counter data such as a line plot, histogram or other such representation as a final counter query report 2056. Each of counter queries 2053a-2053n specifies what, if any, additional post-processing to apply to basic counter report 2060 to create final counter query report 2056.
Final counter query report 2056 is returned to the user at general-purpose 1600 over network interface 1720 by one of a number of means that could include e-mail attachments, a specific file transfer protocol between instrumentation server 1699 and general-purpose computer 1600, or copying the file to a shared file system among others. Each of counter queries 2053a-2053n specifies which mechanism(s) to use in returning the data to the user (it is possible to utilize multiple methods to deliver multiple copies of final counter query report 2056).
With reference to FIG. 20H, there is depicted a representation of the query fields within an exemplary counter query 2053. For illustrative purposes, the fields within counter query 2053 are divided into five field groups 2068, 2069, 2081, 2084, and 2087. Field group 2068 provides general information regarding the identity of the query and the identity of the user that initiated it. Within field group 2068, a field 2071 contains the name of the query. Query name field 2071 provides a useful mechanism for referring to and specifying user counter queries. Also within field group 2068, a username field 2072 contains the username identity of the user that initiated the query and field 2073 contains the name of the user machine from which the query was initiated. This information is utilized to allow counter query engine 2054 to return finished counter report 2056 to the user.
Field group 2069 generally specifies the identity of the count events to be queried in accordance with the remaining fields within counter query 2053. Fields 2074, 2075, 2076, and 2077 correspond to the instantiation, instrumentation entity, design entity, and eventname fields in the count event extended identifiers as described hereinbefore with reference to FIG. 10B. These fields, which can contain wildcard entries, are utilized to specify which instrumentation count events within a simulation model are being requested. These fields are matched by counter query engine 2054 against the count event eventlist files stored on instrumentation server 1699 to locate the desired count events within the simulation models searched during the query.
Field 2088 is an enable field (i.e. a flag) that determines whether counter query 2053 is hierarchical or non-hierarchical. If the user decides to perform a hierarchical query, instantiation identifier field 2074 is used to locate count events during the query. If, however, the query is non-hierarchical as specified by field 2088, field 2074 is ignored in searching for count events. The extended event identifier for different instances of a given count event differ only in their instantiation identifier fields (field 1030 in FIG.10B). By ignoring the instantiation identifier field when searching for count events, differing instances of a given count event will appear as the same count event and be merged in reporting.
Field group 2081 generally specifies the times at which to run the query and how far back in time the query should span. In a preferred embodiment, instrumentation server 1699 allows user counter queries to specify days of the week a query is to run and also to specify a particular set of hours on those days the query is run. A day field 2078 is a set of seven flags specifying which days of a week a query is to run, while an hours field 2079 is a set of 24 flags indicating the hours on those days a query is to run. Field group 2081 further includes a lookback field 2080 that specifies the how far back in time a query is to examine data. When a query is run, it searches stored counter data for the day it is run and for a number of preceding days. The number of preceding days to search is specified by field 2080.
Field group 2084 generally specifies what, if any, report post processing is to be performed and the report delivery mechanism. A report post-process field 2082 specifies the report processing, if any to apply to produce final counter report 2056. A report delivery field 2083 specifies which delivery mechanism(s) to utilize in returning the finished counter report to the user.
Field group 2087 generally specifies an optional restriction that limits the search of the counter data to specific models. This feature is useful to simulation teams that generally, in contrast to designers, prefer to query counter data with respect to a specific model or models, rather than querying count data at the design entity level. A simulation model search enable field 2086 holds a flag indicating whether or not counter data searches are to be limited to specific models or not. Field group 2087 also includes a models field 2085, which may contain wildcard expressions, specifying which models the search will be conducted with respect to.
Referring to FIG. 20I in conjunction with FIG. 20H, there is shown a flowchart of the process by which counter query engine 2054 produces basic counter output report 2060 from user query 2053. The process begins at step 2090 corresponding to counter query manager 2052 determining that query 2053 is ready to be run and spawning counter query engine 2054 to process the query.
The process continues with step 2091 depicting a determination of the possible date subdirectories 2031 (FIG. 20D) that may need to be searched. To determine these directories, counter query engine 2054 examines and compares the current date with the content of lookback field 2080 in counter query 2053. Using this information and standard date processing techniques well known to those skilled in the art, counter query engine 2054 produces a list of directory names corresponding to the current date and the number of days before the current date specified by lookback field 2080. These directory names correspond to date subdirectories 2031 that must be searched in accordance with counter query 2053.
Proceeding to step 2092, a determination is made of the model subdirectories among subdirectories 2032a-2032n within date directories 2031 that are to be searched. Counter query engine 2054 creates a list of possible model directories by matching design entity field 2076 against index list 2046 of entity list translation table 2044 (FIG. 20E) and creating a directory list data structure (not depicted), removing duplications, of those models that correspond to matching design entities. This list represents the set of active models on instrumentation server 1699 that contain the design entity or entities specified by design entity field 2076. In this manner, counter query engine 2054 creates a list of simulation models within the directory list data structure that are to be searched based solely on the design entity name without user intervention. The designer need not know which active models on instrumentation server 1699 contain the desired design entity or entities.
If simulation model search enable field 2086 of user query 2053 is asserted (i.e. search only with respect to designated models), the list of model subdirectories is further matched against models field 2085. Those model subdirectories that do not match the content of model field 2085 are removed from the list generated in response to step 2092. In this manner, the counter query is further restricted to the specific set of model names specified by field 2085.
Next, as illustrated at step 2093, data structures necessary to process counter query 2053 are generated. The first data structure created is a list of directory paths relative to counter storage directory 2030 (FIG. 20F) that will be searched. These directory paths are created by forming all possible combinations of the directory names obtained in steps 2091 and 2092. It should be noted that some of the directory paths generated in this manner might not actually exist within counter storage directory 2030. The process that generates the directory paths generates all the paths that need to be searched whether or not count event data has actually been received and stored for those models or days.
It is also possible that no directory paths match the criteria specified by query 2053. In such a circumstance, an empty directory list data structure is generated. The second data structure generated is a basic count report data structure which is utilized to hold count events and count values found during processing. The basic count report data structure is initially empty.
The process continues at step 2094 with a determination of whether or not the directory list data structure is empty. If the directory list data structure is currently empty, the process continues at steps 2095-2097 where the results of the counter query are reported to the user and stored. In such a circumstance, an empty report is generated because no counter data matches the criteria specified in counter query 2053.
If the directory list data structure is not empty, and as illustrated at step 2098, a determination is made of whether or not the current directory in the directory list data structure exists within counter storage directory 2030. If the directory does not exist, the process continues as depicted at step 2067 with the removal of the current directory from the directory list data structure generated at step 2092. Processing then returns to step 2094 wherein subsequent directories in the directory list data structure are processing accordingly.
If, as determined at step 2098, the subdirectory exists among subdirectories 2032a-2032n, query processing continues as depicted at step 2099 with a search of the simulation model for count events corresponding to those specified by counter query 2053. To locate count events corresponding to counter query 2053, counter query engine 2054 matches fields 2074, 2075, 2076, and 2077 against the extended event identifiers in the count eventlist file for the simulation model whose data is stored in the identified one of subdirectories 2032a-2032n. The names and indices of matching count events are determined to allow for subsequent retrieval of the counter value from a corresponding one of counter data storage files 2001a-2001n. 
Proceeding to step 2009, matching count events are used to update the basic count report data structure. If a matching count event discovered in step 2099 is not present in the basic count data structure, the count event is added to basic count data structure using the count value found in the corresponding one of count data storage files 2001a-2001n. Otherwise, the count value found in count data storage file 2001 is added to the count event entry already present in the basic count report data structure. This produces a cumulative total for the number of times the count event has occurred in the simulation models specified by counter query 2053.
The counter query process continues at steps 2067 and 2094 wherein the directory is removed from the directory list data structure and a determination is made whether or not any further subdirectories remain to be searched. If no unsearched subdirectories remain, the process continues at step 2095, which depicts storing the basic counter report in directory 2055 on instrumentation server 1699 as previously described.
Next, as illustrated at step 2096, final counter report 2056 is generated utilizing the post-processing mechanism selected by field 2082 of counter query 2053. The process is completed as depicted at step 2097 with final counter report 2056 being delivered to the user by the means selected by field 2083 of counter query 2053.
The mechanisms described above provide a means of creating, managing and executing counter queries that allows a designer to access counter data without specific knowledge of which hardware simulation models within batch simulation farm 1601 contain the desired design entity or entities. Furthermore, by accessing and storing count data by a parameter known to the designers, namely the design entities containing the count event, the above described mechanisms provide a simple interface to access count data based solely on items known to designers as part of the creation of count events. In addition, the means described above provides for counter queries to be repeated and count data to be returned at regular intervals without specific intervention from designers. In this manner, designers can provide on-going evaluation of count data without the burden of specific intervention to maintain the execution of queries.
As described above with reference to FIGS. 10A-D and 15, in order to allow for effective control and management of instrumentation events, a set of eventlist files containing information about the exact number and content of the instrumentation events in a given simulation model are created at model build time by instrumentation load tool 464 (FIG. 4D). In the above described embodiment, one eventlist file per class of events (fail, count, harvest, etc.) was utilized to list the particular events of the corresponding event class in the given simulation model, with each simulation model having a unique set of eventlist files created at model build time (which is illustrated at block 1621 of FIG. 16B). The events within the eventlists are named in accordance with the naming convention described above in conjunction with FIGS. 10A-C, which provides a unique name for each instance of each instrumentation event.
It will be remembered that when instrumentation events are created at model build time, they are constructed in a specific order, and a unique index is assigned within the eventlist file to each instrumentation event for a given event class. Accesses to instrumentation events by API routines make use of these index values. In addition, when an API routine communicates data with respect to all events within a given event class to the instrumentation server, the event values are sequentially ordered according to these index values.
Under certain circumstances, for example, for particular combinations of users, models and test cases, it may not be interesting to know the particular instance of a design entity in which an instrumentation event was detected. Instead, it may be sufficient to know simply that the instrumentation event was detected, or at most, the aggregate number of a particular type of instrumentation event detected across all instances within the simulation model(s). In such cases, the present invention recognizes that the size of the data results of the simulation can be advantageously reduced prior to transmission and storage.
Referring now to FIG. 21A, the creation, at model build time, of eventlist files by instrumentation load tool 464 of FIG. 4D in accordance with an alternative embodiment of the present invention is illustrated. As shown, instead of creating only one eventlist file per event class (e.g., count, harvest, fail, etc.) as in the previously described embodiments, instrumentation load tool 464 creates (either automatically or in response to an input parameter) two eventlist (EL) files for each of the N event classes: a hierarchical eventlist file 1660 (designated by the subscript “H”) and a non-hierarchical eventlist file 2100 (designated by the subscript “NH”). As indicated by use of similar reference numerals, hierarchical eventlist files 1660a-nhave identical construction to the eventlist file 1660 illustrated in FIG. 15 and described above.
By contrast, non-hierarchical eventlist files 2100 are more compact than the corresponding hierarchical eventlist files 1660 and only include one entry 2102 for all instances of the same event. That is, instrumentation load tool 464 creates non-hierarchical eventlist files 2100 without reference to the instantiation identifier 1030 of each event (see FIGS. 10A-10C) and inserts one event entry into non-hierarchical eventlist file 2100 for all events sharing at least the same design entity name 1034 and eventname 1036, and if present, the same instrumentation entity name 1032. Thus, non-hierarchical eventlist file 2100 aggregates within one event entry all instances of the same event occurring within the simulation model.
To further illustrate the construction of non-hierarchical eventlist files 2100, FIG. 21A depicts the contents of a non-hierarchical eventlist file 2100a for the count events of simulation model 1000 of FIG. 10A (for which the hierarchical eventlist file 1660 is given in FIG. 15). The depicted embodiment employs the naming convention of FIG. 10B. As shown, non-hierarchical eventlist file 2100a includes four event entries 2102, each including a unique sequential index value 2104 and an abbreviated event identifier 2106 comprising an instrumentation entity name (e.g., B1, B2, B3, B4), design entity name (e.g., X, Y, Z) and eventname (e.g., count1). As with hierarchical eventlist file 1660, the ordering of the event entries is significant, as eventnames are preferably implied in count event data files based upon this order. As can be seen by comparison of FIGS. 15 and 21A, the aggregation of all instances of the same event reduces the number of event entries within non-hierarchical eventlist file 2100a to less the half of the number of event entries within hierarchical eventlist file 1660a. In a large model with significant replication, the reduction in size can be even more dramatic.
With reference now to FIG. 21B, there is illustrated an exemplary eventlist correlation data structure 2110 that correlates entries within a non-hierarchical eventlist 2100 with entries in the corresponding hierarchical event list 1660 in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention. In one embodiment, an eventlist correlation data structure 2110 is constructed by model build tool 446 (FIG. 4D) at model build time (FIG. 16B, block 1621) for each class of events. Like proto data structures 481 and instance data structures 482 shown in FIG. 4E, eventlist correlation data structures 2110 are resident in memory 44 following compilation of a simulation model and form a portion of the model that is ultimately placed on the model server.
As depicted, eventlist correlation data structure 2110 includes m root nodes 2112, each corresponding to a respective one of the m event entries within a non-hierarchical eventlist 2100. In some embodiments, root nodes 2112 may optionally include pointers to corresponding event entries within non-hierarchical eventlist 2100. Root nodes 2112 are each logically connected via a forward pointer 2113 to a sequence of one or more pointer nodes (PN) 2114. Each pointer node 2114 in turn contains an entry pointer 2116 to an event entry within hierarchical eventlist file 1660 and a forward pointer 2118 to a next pointer node, if any. Thus, eventlist correlation data structure 2110 correlates each event entry within non-hierarchical eventlist 2100 with one or more event entries in hierarchical eventlist file 1660 for events for which event counts can be aggregated when reporting simulation data results in a non-hierarchical (i.e., non-instantiation-dependent) manner. Consequently, instrumentation load tool 464 can order event entries in non-hierarchical eventlist 2100 in an arbitrarily selected order with respect to event entries in the associated hierarchical eventlist file 1660.
Referring back to FIG. 16B, following model build and creation of the eventlist files 1660 and 2100 and eventlist correlation data structures 2110, the simulation model containing eventlist correlation data structures 2110 is placed on the model server for access during execution of simulation by batch simulation farm 1601, as illustrated at block 1622. In addition, the non-hierarchical eventlist file 2100 and hierarchical eventlist file 1660 for each event class are commissioned by placing them on instrumentation server 1699, as shown at block 1655. Thereafter, as illustrated at block 1627, simulation tests are run against the model by one or more simulation clients 1701 in the course of executing one or more simulation jobs. During testing, the various event instances enumerated within hierarchical eventlist files 1660 are each separately counted within respective count event registers 421 of FIGS. 4B and 20A, as described above. Following testing of the model, the simulation client(s) 1701 communicate data quantifying the simulation results to one or more servers for storage, as depicted at blocks 1634 and 1637 of FIG. 16C.
In accordance with an important aspect of the present invention, the amount of result data communicated from the simulation client(s) 1701 to the server(s) can be selectively reduced through the aggregation of count values of different instances of a given event. Referring again to FIG. 20A, after simulation of a model is complete, RTX 1702 calls API entry point rpt_counts( ) 2000 of simulator 1735, including as a parameter of the call a mode parameter indicating whether the data results of the model simulation should be reported in hierarchical or non-hierarchical format. This mode parameter, which, in a preferred embodiment, is a parameter of the model itself and therefore stored with the model on the model server, is preferably selectable through either direct access to the model server or by setting a parameter of the simulation job. If the mode parameter indicates that data results are to be reported in hierarchical format, then simulation client 1701 reports the data results to instrumentation server 1699 in the manner described above with respect to FIG. 20B, and instrumentation server 1699 stores the data results within a hierarchical counter output directory 2030 in the manner described above with respect to FIGS. 20C-20D. If, however, the mode parameter indicates that data results are to be reported in non-hierarchical format, simulation client 1701 transmits and instrumentation server 1699 stores the result data in a significantly more compact format.
With reference now to FIG. 21C, there is depicted a high level logical flowchart of a method by which API entry point rpt_counts( ) 2000 reports count values gathered during simulation of a model to instrumentation server 1699 in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention. An exemplary count event data packet 2160 utilized to convey count values to instrumentation server 1699 is illustrated in FIG. 21D, to which reference is also made.
As illustrated in FIG. 21C, the process begins at block 2130 and thereafter proceeds to block 2132, which depicts API entry point rpt_counts( ) 2000 beginning to build a count event data packet 2160 by first inserting a header into count event data packet 2160. The header includes a model name 1751 of the simulated model, a CRC signature 1752, and a cycle count 2011. Each of these header fields is identical to those described above with respect to FIG. 20B. In addition, API entry point rpt_counts( ) 2000 inserts a mode field 2162, the value of which reflects whether the count value fields 2164 forming the payload of count event data packet 2160 represent a hierarchical or non-hierarchical view of the contents of count event registers 421. As indicated by decision block 2134, if the mode parameter of the call to API entry point rpt_counts( ) 2000 specifies the hierarchical mode, the process continues to block 2136, which illustrates API entry point rpt_counts( ) 2000 inserting into a respective count value field 2164 of count event data packet 2160 the value of each of count event registers 421 in the predetermined sequence originally specified by hierarchical event list 1660 and observed in the ordering of count event registers 421. This process is the same as that described above with reference to FIG. 20B. Thereafter, simulation client 1701 transmits count event data packet 2160 to instrumentation server 1699 at block 2154, and the process terminates at block 2156.
Returning to block 2134, if the mode parameter of the API call instead specifies non-hierarchical mode, API entry point rpt_counts( ) 2000 also inserts count values into count event data packet 2160, but aggregates the count values of count event registers counting occurrences of different instances of the same event before doing so, thus greatly reducing the size of count event data packet 2160. The steps involved in inserting count values into count event data packet 2160 in a non-hierarchical format are depicted at blocks 2142-2152 with further reference to FIG. 21B.
At block 2142, API entry point rpt_counts( ) 2000 begins “walking” the eventlist correlation data structure 2110 for this model and event class (e.g., counts) by initializing a pointer to the first root node (RN1) 2112 of the eventlist correlation data structure 2110. Next, at block 2144, API entry point rpt_counts( ) 2000 sums all the count values of all count event registers 421 linked to the currently selected root node 2112 by the entry pointers 2116 and forward pointers 2118 of the associated pointer nodes 2114. That is, because count event registers 421 and event entries 1663 observe the same ordering, eventlist correlation data structure 2110 indicates to API entry point rpt_counts( ) 2000 which counter values should be summed to obtain a non-hierarchical view of the counter data. This sum is then inserted into a count value field 2164 of count event data packet 2160 according to the sequence of root nodes in eventlist correlation data structure 2110. In this manner, the eventname associated with each count value field 2164 in count event data packet 2160 can be inferred from the ordering of event entries within non-hierarchical eventlist file 2100.
As indicated by blocks 2150-2152, steps 2144-2146 are repeated until API entry point rpt_counts( ) 2000 has finished “walking” eventlist correlation data structure 2110. Thereafter, simulation server 1701 transmits the count event data packet 2160 to instrumentation server 1699 via network interface 1720 for further storage and access, as illustrated at block 2154. As will be appreciated, because a count event data packet 2160 having a non-hierarchical format is significantly smaller than an equivalent hierarchical count event data packet 2160, the transmission of non-hierarchical count event data packets consumes substantially less bandwidth on network interface 1720. Following block 2154, the process depicted in FIG. 21C terminates at block 2156.
In response to receipt of the count event data packet 2160 from simulation server 1701, instrumentation server 1699 stores count event data packet 2160 in a count data storage file 2001 in non-volatile storage in the manner described above with reference to FIG. 20C. For example, the count data storage file 2001 may be placed within a counter output directory of a disk storage unit 2007 coupled to instrumentation server 1699, as shown in FIGS. 20D and 20F. Because non-hierarchical count data storage files are significantly smaller than corresponding hierarchical count data storage files, storing simulation results in predominately non-hierarchical format advantageously reduces the storage capacity consumed by count data storage files 2001 within disk storage unit 2007.
In a preferred embodiment, subsequent access to the count data storage file 2001 is facilitated by storing count data storage files 2001 derived from hierarchical count event data packets 2160 in a separate directory tree or directory subtree from count data storage files 2001 derived from non-hierarchical count event data packets 2160. As will be appreciated, the bifurcation between hierarchical and non-hierarchical count data storage files 2001 can be made at any level of a directory tree or directory subtree. For example, FIG. 21E illustrates an exemplary embodiment in which all hierarchical count data storage files 2001 are stored within a counter output directory tree 2030 named “Hierarchical count_data” (illustrated in detail in FIG. 20D), and non-hierarchical count data storage files 2001 are stored in a separate counter output directory 2170 of similar construction named “Non-hierarchical count_data.”
As described in detail above with reference to FIGS. 20F-20I, following storage of count data storage files within disk storage unit 2007 of instrumentation server 1699, a user (e.g., an HDL designer) can then query instrumentation server 1699 to selectively view data results of simulation. As depicted in FIG. 20H and as described above, a counter query 2053 utilized to request counter data includes “use hierarchy” field 2088, which indicates whether the user desires a hierarchical or non-hierarchical view of the counter data. If “use hierarchy” field 2088 is set to indicate a hierarchical query, CQE 2054 within instrumentation server 1699 selects the appropriate data subdirectories and model subdirectories of counter output directory tree 2030 from which to extract counter data in the same manner described above with respect to blocks 2091-2092 of FIG. 20I. If counter output directory tree 2030 does not contain any counter data storage files 2001 responsive to the counter query 2053 but counter output directory 2170 does, CQE 2054 preferably returns an error message instructing the user to rerun the query with “use hierarchy” field 2088 set to the non-hierarchical mode.
If, on the other hand, “use hierarchy” field 2088 within a counter query 2053 is set to indicate a non-hierarchical query, CQE 2054 selects data subdirectories and model subdirectories from which counter data will be retrieved within both counter output directories 2030 and 2170 in the same manner described above with respect to blocks 2091-2092 of FIG. 20I. After determining the relevant data subdirectories and model subdirectories, CQE 2054 accumulates, by reference to the count eventlists 1660 and 2100 for the indicated simulation model(s), relevant count values from count data storage files 2001 in counter output directories 2030 and 2170 that share the same instrumentation entity name, design entity name and eventname. These count values are then presented to the user, for example, in a counter output report 2065, which is described above with reference to FIG. 20G.
Thus, the present invention provides a method, system and program product that selectively reduce the size of result data transmitted and stored within a simulation environment by returning result data in a non-hierarchical (i.e., instantiation-independent) format. As a result, the network bandwidth utilized when transmitting the result data and the storage utilized to store the result data are significantly reduced, leading to lower simulation costs and improved performance.
In another aspect of the present invention, the present invention recognizes that, in addition to providing both hierarchical and non-hierarchical views of simulation data, it is desirable in at least some simulation environments to record and access simulation result data based upon the value of factors external to a simulation model itself. These external factors may include, for example, RTX parameters that control the simulation model (e.g., processor/interconnect clock frequency ratio) or characteristics of the testcases run against the simulation model (e.g., testcase strategy).
In the present application, a “keyword” is defined as a label for a factor external to the simulation model whose value affects the simulation result data. Although there are a number of possible ways in which keywords can be specified, for purposes of illustrating the present invention, the present application specifies keywords utilizing keyword/value pairs of the form: (keyword, value). For example, a keyword/value pair specifying a particular testcase strategy may be: (testcase_strategy, roll_caches); and a keyword/value pair specifying a particular processor/interconnect clock frequency ratio may be: (fabric_ratio, 4:1).
In a preferred embodiment, keywords and keyword values are preferably expressed as null-terminated ASCII strings. Each keyword is unique and has its own respective keyword value namespace. Thus, different keywords are permitted to have the same keyword values, but identical keyword values associated with different keywords may (and most likely will) have different meanings.
Referring now to FIG. 22A, there is depicted an exemplary embodiment of a simulation client 1701, illustrating an exemplary method by which keywords employed in a simulation job are set by an RTX 1702 in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention. As described above with reference to FIG. 17A, simulation client 1701 has model 1700, simulator 1735, and an RTX 1702 in memory 44. In order to set the keywords of interest for a pending simulation job that references simulation model 1700, RTX 1702 calls API routine set_keywords( ) 2202 in simulator 1735. API routine set_keywords( ) 2202 may have the form:

flag=set_keyword(keyword_string, value_string)

where flag denotes a flag indicating success or failure in setting up the keyword/value pair. As keyword/value pairs are successfully set up, the specified keyword/value pairs are added to keyword data structure 2200 in memory 44. API routine set_keywords( ) 2202 is called as many times as necessary to set up all of the keyword/value pairs desired for the simulation job.

Following keyword setup and simulation of model 1700, API routine rpt_counts( ) 2000 reports data results of the simulation to instrumentation server 1699. For example, as described above with respect to FIG. 21C, API routine rpt_counts( ) 2000 generates and outputs count event data packets reporting count events recorded by count event registers 421 during simulation. When keywords are supported, count event data packets may still be generated utilizing the process depicted in FIG. 21C, but the header of the count event data packets built in step 2132 is augmented to include the keyword/value pairs employed in the simulation (defined herein as the “keyword/value pair set” of the simulation job).
With reference now to FIG. 22B, there is illustrated an exemplary count event data packet 2210 generated by API routine rpt_counts( ) 2000 in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention that supports keywords. As is apparent from comparison of FIG. 22B with FIG. 21D, count event data packet 2210 of FIG. 22B has identical construction to count event data packet 2160 of FIG. 21D, except for the inclusion of a keyword header section 2212.
Keyword header section 2212 includes zero or more keyword fields 2216 and zero or more value fields 2218 that specify the keyword/value pair set recorded within keyword data structure 2200 prior to simulation. Because both the keyword(s) and associated value(s), if any, are specified within count event data packet 2160, the ordering of the keyword/value pairs within keyword header section 2212 is unimportant. Keyword header section 2212 further contains a keyword/value pair set count field 2214 specifying the number of keyword/value pairs contained within keyword header section 2212. Value set count field 2214 facilitates interpretation of the contents of count event data packet 2160 by instrumentation server 1699, given that the number of keyword/value pairs may vary between simulation jobs from zero to an arbitrary positive integer. In this manner, the keyword/value pair set employed during simulation is reported to instrumentation server 1699 in association with (and in this case, in the same count event data packet 2160 as) the simulation data results.
Referring now to FIG. 22C, there is depicted a high level logical flowchart of an exemplary method by which instrumentation server 1699 processes count event data packets 2210 received from a simulation client in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention. In the following description, further reference is made to FIG. 22D, which illustrates an exemplary structure of a counter output directory tree 2030′ containing non-hierarchical count data files 2001 or a counter output directory tree 2170′ containing non-hierarchical count data files 2001 within disk storage unit 2007 of instrumentation server 1699. As indicated by prime notation (′), the directory structure illustrated in FIG. 22 is identical to that described above with reference to FIG. 20D, except for the addition of a keyword directory 2260 to each subdirectory 2032 in order to support querying of the simulation data by keyword(s).
As shown in FIG. 22C, the process begins at block 2230 and then proceeds to block 2232. Block 2232 depicts instrumentation server 1699 processing count event data packet 2210 to place the data results in a hierarchical count event data file 2001 within counter output directory tree 2030′ or a non-hierarchical count event data file 2001 within counter output directory tree 2170′ based upon the setting of hierarchy mode field 2162 in accordance with the process described above. Next, at block 2234, a determination is made by reference to value set count field 2214 of count event data packet 2210 whether any keywords were used in the simulation. If the value of value set count field 2214 is zero, meaning that no keywords were used in the simulation, the process illustrated in FIG. 22C terminates at block 2250.
If, however, value set count field 2162 has a non-zero value, the process proceeds from block 2234 to blocks 2240-2242, which illustrate instrumentation server 1699 determining whether the keyword/value pair set contained within count event data packet 2210 exactly matches one of the entries 2266a-2266n of keyword table 2264 of FIG. 22D. For the keyword/value pair set to exactly match an entry 2266, each of the keyword/value pairs within the entry 2266 must exactly match a corresponding keyword/value pair within count event data packet 2210, and each of the keyword/value pairs within count event data packet 2210 must exactly match a corresponding keyword/value pair within the entry 2266. Thus, the keyword/value pair set { (a,b) } does not match entry 2266a, which contains keyword/value pair set {(a, b), (c, d)}, because the keyword/value pair set {(a,b) } does not include the keyword/value pair {(c, d)}.
If a matching entry 2266 is found in keyword table 2264, the process proceeds to block 2246, which is described below. If no matching entry 2266 is found within keyword table 2264, a new entry 2266 containing the keyword/value pair set specified by count event data packet 2210 is added to keyword table 2264, as illustrated at block 2244. In addition, a new data subdirectory 2268 associated with the keyword/value pair set is created under keyword directory 2260. Finally, a pointer 2272 to the new data subdirectory 2268 is stored within the keyword table entry 2266 containing the associated keyword/value pair set.
The process then passes from either block 2244 or block 2242 to block 2246. Block 2246 depicts instrumentation server 1699 adding the count event data contained in count value fields 2164 of count event data packet 2210 to a count event data file 2270 within the data subdirectory 2268 indicated by the pointer 2272 within the keyword table entry 2266 containing a keyword/value pair set matching that of the count event data packet 2210. Thus, for example, if count event data packet 2210 specifies the keyword/value pair set {(a,x)}, the count event data contained in count value fields 2164 of count event data packet 2210 are added to count event data file 2270b within the data subdirectory 2268b associated by pointer 2272b with keyword table entry 2266b. Thereafter, the process illustrated in FIG. 22C terminates at block 2250. By following the process illustrated in FIG. 22C for each count event data packet 2210, counter output directory trees 2030′ and 2170′ are obtained that, for each combination of date and simulation model, contain a keyword table 2264 specifying which data results are attributable to particular keyword/value pair sets.
By storing data results of simulation based upon keyword/value pair sets, the data results can be accessed, viewed and analyzed in response to queries specifying selected keywords of interest. With reference now to FIG. 22E, there is illustrated a high level logical flowchart of a method by which a counter query engine program produces a counter output report in response to a user query specifying one or more keywords in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention. As is apparent from comparison of FIGS. 22E and 20I, the process depicted in FIG. 22E shares many common steps with the process shown in FIG. 20I, but includes additional steps to support queries containing keywords.
As depicted, the process begins at block 2090 when counter query manager 2052 of FIG. 20F determines that a query is ready to be run and spawns a counter query engine 2054 to process the query. In addition to the fields contained in query 2053 of FIG. 20H, the query contains zero or more user-specified keyword/value pairs of interest.
The process then proceeds to block 2091, which depicts a determination of the possible date subdirectories 2031 (FIG. 22D) that may need to be searched. To determine these date subdirectories, counter query engine 2054 examines and compares the current date with the content of lookback field 2080 (FIG. 20H) in the query. Using this information and standard date processing techniques, counter query engine 2054 produces a list of directory names corresponding to the current date and the number of days before the current date specified by lookback field 2080. These directory names correspond to date subdirectories 2031 that must be searched to service the query.
Proceeding to step 2092, counter query engine 2054 determines the model subdirectories among subdirectories 2032a-2032n to be searched within date directories 2031. Counter query engine 2054 creates a list of possible model subdirectories by matching design entity field 2076 against index list 2046 of entity list translation table 2044 (FIG. 20E) and creating a directory list data structure (not depicted), without duplications, of those models that correspond to matching design entities. This list represents the set of active models on instrumentation server 1699 that contain the design entity or entities specified by design entity field 2076. In this manner, counter query engine 2054 creates a list of simulation models within the directory list data structure that are to be searched based solely on the design entity name without user intervention. The designer need not know which active models on instrumentation server 1699 contain the desired design entity or entities.
If simulation model search enable field 2086 of the user query is asserted to specify a search only with respect to designated models, the list of model subdirectories is further reduced by matching the current list of model subdirectories against the content of model field 2085. In this manner, the query is further restricted to the specific set of model names specified by field 2085.
Next, as illustrated at step 2093, counter query engine 2054 generates data structures necessary to process the query. The first data structure created is a list of directory paths within counter storage directories 2030′ and/or 2170′ that will be searched. As noted above, only subdirectories of counter storage directory 2030′ are searched if the query requests a hierarchical view of the simulation result data. If, on the other hand, the query specifies a non-hierarchical view of the simulation result data in “use hierarchy” field 2088, both counter storage directories 2030′ and 2170′ are searched. In a preferred embodiment, these directory paths are determined by forming all possible combinations of the directory names obtained at blocks 2091 and 2092. It should be noted that some of the directory paths generated in this manner might not actually exist within counter storage directories 2030′ and 2170′. The process that generates the directory paths generates all the paths that need to be searched whether or not count event data has actually been received and stored for those models or dates.
The second data structure generated is a keyword count report data structure, which is utilized to hold count events and count values found during processing. The keyword count report data structure is initially empty.
The process continues at step 2094 with a determination of whether or not the directory list data structure is empty. An empty directory list data structure is generated if no directory paths match the criteria specified by the query. If the directory list data structure is currently empty, the process proceeds to blocks 2095-2097, which illustrate counter query engine 2054 reporting the response to the counter query to the user. In such a circumstance, an empty report is generated because no counter data matches the criteria specified in the counter query.
If a determination is made that the directory list data structure is not empty at block 2094, counter query engine 2054 determines at block 2098 whether or not the current directory in the directory list data structure exists within counter storage directories 2030′ and/or 2170′. If the directory does not exist, the process continues as depicted at step 2067 with the removal of the current directory from the directory list data structure generated at step 2092. Processing then returns to step 2094, and subsequent directories in the directory list data structure are processed accordingly.
If, as determined at block 2098, a subdirectory satisfying the query parameters exists among subdirectories 2032a-2032n, query processing continues as depicted at block 2280-2288 with a search of the keyword directory 2260 of the current subdirectory 2032 for count events corresponding to those specified by the counter query. To locate count events requested by the query, counter query engine 2054 first builds an auxiliary directory list at block 2280 utilizing the keyword table 2264 of the current keyword directory 2260. In particular, counter query engine 2054 performs an imprecise match between the keyword/value pair set specified in the query with the keyword/value pair set specified in each entry 2266 of keyword table 2264 to determine if the query keyword/value pair set exactly matches or is a subset of the keyword/value pair set specified in the entry 2266. Thus, in contrast to the exact matching described above in block 2242 of FIG. 22C, a query keyword/value pair set of {(c, d)} would match at least entries 2266a and 2266n of keyword table 2264 of FIG. 22D. Consequently, at block 2280 of FIG. 22E, at least data subdirectories 2268a and 2268n would be included within the auxiliary directory list.
Following block 2280, counter query engine 2054 determines at block 2282 whether or not the auxiliary directory list is empty. If so, which indicates that the current subdirectory 2032 does not contain any responsive result data or that all responsive result data has already been retrieved, the process passes to block 2067, which has been described. However, if a determination is made at block 2282 that the auxiliary directory list is not empty, the first or next data subdirectory 2268 is selected, and the process proceeds to blocks 2284-2286. Blocks 2284-2286 depict counter query engine 2054 searching for result data within the count event data files 2270 of the currently selected data subdirectory 2268 and adding count data satisfying the query, if any, to the report data structure to obtain cumulative count(s). As indicated by the process then proceeding to block 2288 and returning to decision block 2282, this process continues until the auxiliary directory list is empty and all relevant data subdirectories 2268 of the current subdirectory 2032 have been processed and any responsive count data is accumulated within the report data structure. Thereafter, the process returns to block 2067, which has been described.
Once all of the directories in the directory list have been searched, as indicated by the process passing from block 2094 to block 2095, counter query engine 2054 stores the keyword counter report in directory 2055 on instrumentation server 1699 as previously described. Next, as illustrated at block 2096, a final keyword counter report is generated utilizing the post-processing mechanism selected by field 2082 the query, and the final keyword counter report is delivered to the user by the means selected by field 2083 of the query.
Thus, the present invention provides a method, system and program product for storing, accessing and viewing simulation result data by reference to keyword/value pairs specifying factors of interest external to the simulation model. In this manner, designers and simulation engineers can quantitatively evaluate (and improve) the simulated design and the simulation process itself.
As noted above, the present invention recognizes that the indiscriminate use of keywords may lead to undesirably large storage requirements for simulation data results stored within disk storage unit 2007 of instrumentation server 1699. In particular, if instrumentation server 1699 has no a priori knowledge about the keywords that will be specified in queries, simulation result data must be stored within disk storage unit 2007 with the assumption that the user can query the simulation result data based upon any combination of keywords and values. Accordingly, instrumentation server 1699 must be prepared to store a number of data storage files (e.g., count event data files 2270) equal to the number of possible keyword/value pair sets that can be generated from the keyword sets and associated value sets of each model under simulation. The present invention recognizes that such an approach may lead to the creation of an unnecessarily large number of simulation data storage files because, in practice, keywords are typically independent of one another. Moreover, users are generally interested in querying the simulation result data for only one keyword at a time, or at most, a subset of the keywords. Consequently, it is reasonable and useful from a data storage perspective to allow the user to specify which keywords (or keyword/value pairs) are of interest for a particular simulation model, and to restrict queries about the simulation result data of the model to those requesting simulation data in terms of the specified keyword (or keyword/value pairs).
For example, consider an embodiment with 10 keywords (e.g., A, B, C, . . . J) having 10 possible values each. As noted above, without any keyword or value restrictions, the number of simulation data storage files that may have to be created would, at a minimum, be equal to the number of possible keyword/value pairs, or 1010. However, if the user specifies that queries will only be made in terms of the 3 keywords A, B, C together and each of the other 7 keywords individually, then the number of possible simulation data storage files can be reduced to (10·10·10)+(7·10), or 1070, a substantial reduction from 1010. The number of simulation data storage files that may have to be created can be further reduced if restrictions are placed on the values of particular keywords of interest, as discussed further below.
In view of the foregoing, in a preferred embodiment, a user desiring to query simulation data results of a model based upon keywords (or at least a large number of keywords) must specify a range or ranges of keywords (or keyword/value pairs) to which queries will be restricted prior to simulation. In one preferred embodiment, the keywords (or keyword/value pairs) of interest are specified in a restriction list that is placed on instrumentation server 1699 when the model is commissioned (FIG. 16B, block 1655) and are associated with the model for the life of the model. If a model is desired with fewer or different restrictions, a new model having a new model name and new restriction list is created.
Referring now to FIG. 23A, there is depicted an exemplary embodiment of a restriction list utilized to specify, prior to simulation, the particular keyword(s) (or keyword/value pair(s)) for which data may subsequently be queried. As illustrated, restriction list 2300 may include a keyword list 2302 specifying all of the keywords (a, b, c, . . . h) of interest employed in simulating the associated model. In addition, restriction list 2300 may include zero or more keyword restrictions 2304a-2304c specifying which keywords or keyword combinations are of interest to the user for the associated model. For example, the user has specified in keyword restriction 2304a-2304c that the user may query simulation result data with respect to the keyword combinations (a,b,c,d), (a,b) and (a,c,e). By restricting keyword combinations in this manner, the number of simulation data storage files that may possibly have to be created within disk storage unit 2007 of instrumentation server 1699 may be significantly reduced.
As further illustrated in FIG. 23A, restriction list 2300 may further include zero or more value restrictions 2306a-2306g specifying particular values of interest for particular keywords. Value restrictions can be expressed either positively or negatively. For example, value restriction 2306a specifies that the only values of keyword a of interest are the strings “0” and “1”, and that the string “4” is not a value of interest of keyword b. It is important to note that to enter value restrictions 2306 the user is not required to enter (or even know) the complete value set of any keyword.
Although FIG. 23A presents a relatively simple example, it should be appreciated that, in use, when a large number of keyword restrictions 2304 and value restrictions 2306 are entered within a restriction list 2300, some restrictions may be redundant or overlap. Consequently, even though it is not required for correctness, it is desirable to further reduce data storage requirements for simulation data by processing each restriction list 2300 (e.g., on instrumentation server 1699) to remove any restriction that specifies a subset or identity set of another restriction enumerated in the same restriction list 2300.
With reference now to FIG. 23B, there is illustrated a high level logical flowchart of an exemplary method of processing a restriction list to eliminate unnecessary restrictions that specify a subset or identity set of another restriction enumerated in the same restriction list 2300. As depicted, the process begins at block 2310 and proceeds to block 2312, which illustrates the selection of a next (or first) restriction to be processed (designated in FIG. 23B as the “current restriction”). For example, block 2312 may illustrate the selection of keyword restriction 2304a of restriction list 2300 as the current restriction.
Following block 2312, the process passes to blocks 2314-2322. Blocks 2314-2322 illustrate checking the current restriction against each other restriction enumerated in restriction list 2300 and eliminating the current restriction if it is found to be a subset or identity set (i.e., exact match) of any of the other restrictions. Turning specifically to block 2314, a next restriction to check (e.g., keyword restriction 2304b) is selected. Next, a determination is made at block 2316 whether the keyword set enumerated in the current restriction is a subset or identity set of the keyword set of the restriction being checked. For example, if keyword restriction 2304a is the current restriction, the determination made at block 2316 would obtain a negative answer with respect to the keyword set (a,b) specified in keyword restriction 2304b because (a,b,c,d) is a superset and not a subset or identity set of (a,b). In response to a negative determination at block 2316, the process passes to block 2322, which illustrates a determination of whether all other restrictions in restriction list 2300 have been checked. If not, the process returns to block 2314 and following blocks, which represents the iterative checking of the next restriction. If, however, the current restriction has been checked against all other restrictions remaining in restriction list 2300, the process returns to block 2312 and following blocks, which represents the selection of the next restriction remaining in restriction list 2300 as the current restriction.
Returning to block 2316, if a determination is made that the current restriction specifies a keyword set that is a subset or identity set of the keyword set specified in another restriction, the process passes to block 2318. Block 2318 depicts a determination of whether the value set, if any, of each keyword specified in the current restriction is a subset or identity set of the value set of the corresponding keyword in the restriction being checked. A decision matrix detailing the possible outcomes of the determination illustrated at block 2318 is given below in Table I. In Table I, an asterisk (“*”) indicates a value set including all possible values for the keyword (i.e., no value restriction for the keyword), a not-equal sign (“!=”) indicates a negative restriction on the values for a keyword, and an equal sign (“=”) indicates a positive restriction on values for a keyword.











TABLE I







Current
Other




restriction
restriction
Value subset or identity set?



















1
*, !=, =
*
Yes


2
*
!=, =
No


3
!=
=
Indeterminate, assumed no


4
=
!=
Indeterminate, assumed no


5
=
=
If value set of each KW of current restriction





is a subset or identity set of checked





restriction


6
!=
!=
If value set of each KW of current restriction





is a superset or identity set of checked





restriction









The first row of Table I indicates that a current restriction already qualified by the keyword determination illustrated at block 2316 is always a subset or identity set of another restriction that has no value restrictions. In such cases, the current restriction can be deleted from restriction list 2300, as indicated at block 2320 of FIG. 23B. The second row of Table I conversely indicates that a current restriction containing no value restrictions is never a subset or identity set of a checked restriction including a value restriction. In such cases, the current restriction cannot be deleted from restriction list 2300 at present, and the process passes from block 2318 to block 2322 of FIG. 23B in order to check the current restriction against any remaining restrictions.
The third and fourth rows of Table I illustrate that if one of the two restrictions contains a negative value restriction (e.g., value restriction 2306c) and the other of the restrictions contains a positive restriction (e.g., value restriction 2306b), the outcome of the determination illustrated at block 2318 is indeterminate and is assumed to be negative. The fifth row of Table I indicates that if both restrictions are positive restrictions, the current restriction is a subset or identity set of the checked restriction if the values listed in the current restriction are a subset or identity set of those listed in the checked restriction. Finally, the six row of Table I indicates that if both restrictions are negative restrictions, the current restriction is a subset or identity set of the checked restriction if the values listed in the current restriction are a superset or identity set of those listed in the checked restriction. Upon reference to Table I, those skilled in the art will appreciate that alternative expressions of the decision matrix can be expressed, for example, depending upon which of the current restriction or the checked restriction is subject to removal.
Still referring to FIG. 23B, following block 2320 or block 2322, a determination is made at block 2324 whether each remaining restriction within restriction list 2300 has been processed as the current restriction. If not, the process returns to block 2312 though until all remaining restrictions have been processed. Thereafter, the process terminates at block 2326.
By processing a restriction list 2300 in accordance with the method illustrated in FIG. 23B, the number of restrictions in restriction list 2300 can be reduced, thus reducing the data storage capacity allocated to storage of keyword simulation result data. For example, in restriction list 2300 of FIG. 23A, restrictions 2304b and 2306a can be eliminated as subsets of keyword restriction 2304a, value restriction 2306e can be eliminated as a subset of value restriction 2306d, and value restriction 2306f can be eliminated as a subset of value restriction 2306g. After a restriction list 2300 has been processed to eliminate unnecessary restrictions, the compacted restriction list 2300 is stored, in association with the name of an associated model, within disk storage unit 2007 of instrumentation server 1699. For example, FIG. 23D illustrates one or more as a restriction files 2328 stored in a subdirectory of the root node of a counter storage directory 2030′′ or 2170′′.
Referring now to FIG. 23C, there is depicted a high level logical flowchart of a method by which instrumentation server 1699 processes count event data packets 2210 containing simulation result data in a simulation environment providing support for keywords and keyword restrictions in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention. As is apparent upon comparison of FIG. 23C with FIG. 22C, which is described in detail above, processing of count event data packets 2210 for models subject to restrictions is similar to the process described above. Accordingly, like reference numerals are utilized to designate the same or similar process steps. For clarity, reference will also be made in the description of FIG. 23C to FIG. 23D, which illustrates an exemplary counter output directory structure providing support for keyword queries and keyword restrictions in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention. As indicated by prime notation (′′), the directory structure illustrated in FIG. 23D is similar to that described above with reference to FIG. 22D, but includes an additional restriction directory 2340 under the model subdirectory 2032 of each model subject to restrictions in order to support querying of the simulation result data by keyword(s).
As illustrated, the process depicted in FIG. 23C begins at block 2230 and then proceeds to block 2232. Block 2232 depicts instrumentation server 1699 processing count event data packet 2210 to place the data results in a hierarchical count event data file 2001 within counter output directory tree 2030′′ or a non-hierarchical count event data file 2001 within counter output directory tree 2170′′ based upon the setting of hierarchy mode field 2162 in accordance with the process described above. Next, at block 2234, a determination is made by reference to value set count field 2214 of count event data packet 2210 whether any keywords were used in the simulation. If the value of value set count field 2214 is zero, meaning that no keywords were used in the simulation, the process illustrated in FIG. 22C terminates at block 2250.
If, however, value set count field 2162 has a non-zero value, the process proceeds from block 2234 to block 2330, which illustrates instrumentation server 1699 determining by reference to restriction files 2328 whether the model specified in the model name field 1751 of the count event data packet 2210 is subject to any restriction. If not, the process passes to block 2331, which depicts instrumentation server 1699 completing processing of count event data packet 2210 in the manner illustrated at blocks 2240-2246 of FIG. 22C. Thereafter, the process terminates at block 2250.
If a determination is made at block 2330 that the model specified in the model name field 1751 of the count event data packet 2210 is subject to restriction, a next determination is made at block 2332 whether the keyword set specified within the count event data packet 2210 exactly matches the keyword list 2302 specified in the restriction file 2328 for the model. If not, the count event data packet 2210 is erroneous (at least in the context of keyword-based processing) and is discarded. The process then terminates at block 2250.
Returning to block 2332, in response to a positive determination, the process passes to block 2334, which depicts instrumentation server 1699 creating a restriction directory 2340 and a restriction table 2342 under the model directory 2032 for the appropriate model and date, if these do not already exist (i.e., if the count event data packet 2210 being processed is the first count event data packet 2210 for this model on this date). As shown in FIG. 23D, restriction table 2342 contains a number of entries 2344 each corresponding to a restriction 2304, 2306 enumerated in the restriction file 2328 for the model. Each entry 2344 further includes a pointer 2346, which is initialized as a null pointer. As result data corresponding to the restriction of an entry are received and stored in a keyword directory 2260, as discussed further below, the pointer 2346 of the entry is updated to point to the keyword directory 2260.
Following block 2334 of FIG. 23C, the process passes to block 2336. Block 2336 illustrates instrumentation server 1699 creating zero or more keyword directories 2260, as needed, under the restriction directory 2340 for the current model. That is, if not already existing due to the processing of a previous count event data packet 2210, instrumentation server 1699 creates a separate keyword directory 2260 for each restriction entry 2344 in restriction table 2342 that contains a superset or identity set of the keyword/value pair set specified within the count event data packet 2210 being processed. Pointers 2346 are of restriction entries 2344 are then updated to point to the newly created keyword directories 2260, if any. In addition, as illustrated at block 2337, instrumentation server 1699 constructs a list of those keyword directories 2260 associated with restrictions containing a superset or identity set of the keyword/value pair set specified within the count event data packet 2210 being processed. The count event data packet 2210 is then processed with respect to each of the keyword directories 2260 within the list, as illustrated by the loop bounded by blocks 2338 and 2339.
Because each of blocks 2240-2246 comprising this loop is described in detail above with respect to FIG. 22C, a detailed description of this loop is omitted here. However, it should be noted that when entries 2266 are created within keyword tables 2264 as shown at block 2244, only those keywords present in the restriction associated with the keyword directory 2260 of the keyword table 2264 are entered into the entries 2266; the other keywords that may be present are simply ignored. For example, assume that the four keywords (a,b,c,d) are employed subject to the keyword restrictions {a,b}, {b,c } and {d }. In the keyword table 2264 of the keyword directory 2260 associated with the keyword restriction {a,b}, the keyword table entries 2266 may include ((a,0),(b,1)) and ((a,0),(b,2)), but would not specify the keywords c or d or any values thereof.
After the count event data packet 2210 has been processed with respect to each keyword directory 2260 in the list constructed at block 2337, the process passes from block 2339 through page connector A to block 2250 and terminates. By following the process illustrated in FIG. 23C for each count event data packet 2210, counter output directory trees 2030′′ and 2170′′ of FIG. 23D are obtained. It should be noted that, if at least two of restrictions for the model contain the same keyword (as in the above example) the simulation result data contained in a count event data packet 2210 will be accumulated in the count event data files 2270 of multiple different data subdirectories 2268.
With reference now to FIG. 23E, there is illustrated a high level logical flowchart of a method of servicing a query containing keywords in a simulation environment supporting keyword restrictions. Because FIG. 23E is substantially similar to FIG. 22E as indicated by the use of like reference numerals, a detailed description of FIG. 23E is omitted here. The difference between the processes illustrated in FIG. 23E and FIG. 22E is that, when generating a query response including result data from a model subject to restriction, the process depicted in FIG. 23E must ensure that duplicate simulation result data are not reported in the query response.
Accordingly, as illustrated at blocks 2350-2354 of FIG. 23E, after it has been determined at block 2098 that a particular model directory 2032 exists, instrumentation server 1699 determines at block 2350 whether a restriction table 2342 exists for this model subdirectory 2032. That is, instrumentation server 1699 determines whether the model associated with the particular model subdirectory 2032 is subject to restriction. If not, the process proceeds to block 2280 and continues in the manner described above with respect to FIG. 22E. However, in response to a determination at block 2350 that the particular model is subject to restriction, as evidenced by the existence of a restriction table 2342 under the current model subdirectory 2032, the process passes to block 2352. Block 2352 depicts instrumentation server 2352 searching the restriction table 2342 for the first restriction entry 2344 that “matches” the keyword/value pair sets specified in the query, where a “match” in detected in this case if the keyword/value pair sets encompassed by the query are a subset or identity set of those specified by a restriction entry 2344.
If no match exists for the query in the restriction table 2342 of the current model subdirectory 2032, the process passes through page connector B to block 2067, which illustrates the removal of the model subdirectory 2032 from the directory list. If, on the other hand, a matching restriction table entry 2344 is found in the restriction table 2342 of the current model subdirectory 2032, the process passes to at block 2280. Block 2280 depicts instrumentation server 1699 constructing an auxiliary directory list in the manner described above from the keyword table 2264 of the keyword directory 2260 pointed to by the pointer 2346 of the matching restriction table entry 2344. In this manner, simulation result data satisfying the query is extracted from only one keyword directory 2260 under any one model subdirectory 2032, thereby preventing erroneous double inclusion of simulation result data in the query response.
As has been described, the present invention provides a method, system and program product for reducing storage requirements for simulation result data in a simulation environment supporting keywords. In particular, the present invention supports the use of restrictions that permit a substantial reduction in the amount of storage consumed by keyword-sensitive simulation result data by restricting the data views that may be queried to selected keywords/value pairs.
While the invention has been particularly shown as described with reference to a preferred embodiment, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and detail may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. One of the embodiments of the invention can be implemented as sets of instructions resident in random access memory 28 of one or more computer systems configured generally as described in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2. Until required by computer system 10, the set of instructions may be stored in another computer readable storage device, such as disk drive 33 or in a removable storage device such as an optical disk for eventual use in a CD-ROM drive or a floppy disk for eventual use in a floppy disk drive. The set of instructions may be referred to as a computer program product. Further, the set of instructions can be stored in the memory of another computer and transmitted over a local area network or a wide area network, such as the Internet, when desired by the user. It is therefore contemplated that such modifications can be made without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention as defined in the appended claims.

## Claims

1. A method of managing data results of simulation processing of a hardware description language (HDL) model based upon keywords, said method comprising:
receiving a restriction list associated with the HDL model, wherein the HDL model has a maximum number of possible keyword/value pairs sets for which result data can be obtained and said restriction list includes a plurality of restrictions specifying keyword/value pairs sets for which said result data can be queried, wherein said restriction list specifies a fewer number than said maximum number of keyword/value pair sets for which said result data can be queried based upon at least one keyword;
processing said restriction list to eliminate at least one redundant restriction among said plurality of restrictions;
receiving result data obtained by simulation of the HDL model; and
storing said result data within a data storage subsystem by reference to said restriction list such that particular result data attributable to each of said plurality of keyword/value sets is separately accessible.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein said receiving result data comprises receiving in association with the result data a keyword/value pair set employed during simulation when said result data was generated.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein said restriction list includes a plurality of restrictions specifying keyword/value pair sets for which said result data can be queried, and further comprising building within said data storage subsystem a restriction table associating each of said plurality of restrictions with a corresponding set of said result data.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein said storing includes building a keyword table containing a plurality of entries each associated with a respective one of multiple unique value sets, wherein each entry indicates a storage location for result data attributable to the associated value set.

5. The method of claim 1, and further comprising:
receiving a query specifying parameters including at least one keyboard;
in response said query, accessing said data storage system to obtain result data satisfying said parameters of said query; and
outputting a query response containing said result data satisfying said parameters of said query.