P. 1 

# OAR Box 1846 Prepped by Ollie Stewart
Document

Number: 

# 46 ) ll-E- 6 Docket Number: 

# A-90-0 7

Printed 11/18/20087:30:16

AM Sheet 46 of 93v

f c P. 2 A -90-0 7 U-£-0U > 

## FUEL S AN

D FUE L ADDITIVES REGISTRATIO

N PROGRA

M Potentia l Issue s fo r Regulator y Negotiation Washington , D.C . Ma y 2 , 199 1
Emissio n Contro l Technolog

y Divisio n Offic e o f Mobil e Source s Offic e o f Ai r an d Radiatio n U.S . Environmenta l Protectio n Agenc y 

# mP. 3 OVERVIEW Background • Statutor

y Provision s • Timeline s • Fuel s an d Fuel Additive s Registratio n Databas e Program Component

s • Scop e o f

Healt h Effect s Provision s • Scop e o f

Welfare Effect

s Provision s • Treatmento f

Conventiona

l Fuel s • Assessmen to f

Health/Welfare Effect

s • Emissio n Control System Provision s Othe r Progra

m Issue s • Groupin g o f

Fuel s and Fuel Additive s • Smal l Busines s Provision s Important

Note: This document

outlines EPA's current

perspectives on some of

the issues involved

in the development

of new regulations for

the registration of

motorvehicle fuels and fuel additives. These views are presented forthe purpose of

initiating constructive discussion, and should not be construed

as final decisions or

formal rulemaking proposals. - 2 -P. 4



## BACKGROUN

D

- 3 -P. 5 STATUTOR

Y PROVISION S Clea n Ai r Ac tSection s 211(b)(2 ) and 211(e ) Specifie s registratio n requirement s fo r new motor

vehicl e fuel s an

d fue l additive s (F/FAs )

- Applicabl e t o bot

h current an d ne w F/FA s
• Grant s authorit

y t o EP A to collec t

informatio n o n potential advers e effect s o f F/FA s

- Regulator

y contro l base don such informatio n woul d require follow-o n rulemakin g unde

r Sectio n 211(c ) Require s manufacturer s t o assess :

- Compositio n o

f F/F A emission s

- Effect s o

f F/F A emission s on designate d healt h parameter s

- Impac t o f F/F A emission s o n th e publi c welfar e

- Effect s o

f F/FA s on emissio n contro l systemperformanc e Authorize s specia

l provision s for :

- Smal l businesse s

- Cost-sharin g arrangement s

- Avoidanc e o

f duplicativ e informatio n

- 4 -P. 6 TIMELINE S Rulemakin g Deadline s (pe r ConsentDecree ) Notic e o f Propose d Rulemaking (NPRM ) due Januar y 1 , 199 2
• Final rales du e Jun e 1 , 199 3 Compliance deadline s (pe r Statute ) Fo r F/FA s alread

y registere dwhe

n fina l rales published : thre e year s fro mfina l rulemakin g (June , 1996 ) Fo r new products : prio r

to registratio n

- 5 -P. 7 FUEL S AN

D FUEL ADDITIVE S REGISTRATIO N DATABAS E Fuel s
• 2,23 5 gasolin e and diese l fuel s registere d by 764 manufacturer s • 2,13 9 contai n additives , 9 6 contai n n o additive s • Include s 1,30

4 no-lead gasolines , 71 8 leade d gasolines , 5 9 # 1 diese l fuels , and 15 4 # 2 diese l fuel s • Registratio n fo

r alternativ e fuel s i s planne d fo r th e nea r futur e Additive s Classificatio n Bul k Aftermarke

t Bot h Total Numbe r o f Manufacturer s 18 0 93 0 5 0 1,16 0 Numbe

r c Additive s 1,67 3 2,42 9 1 3 4,11 5

- 6 -P. 8



## PROGRAM COMPONENT S

- 7 -P. 9

SCOP E OF HEALTH EFFECT S PROVISION S Genera l Approac

h • Establis h requirement s tha t ar e bot h reasonabl e an

d necessar

y fo r regulator y decision-makin g • Fin d appropriat

e balanc e between informatio n need s an d tech nical/economi c constraint s • Us e tiere d testin g approach , emphasizin g relativel y short-ter m screenin g wit

h allowanc e fo

r mor e rigorous studie s a s required Focu s o n effect

s of F/F A emission s onl y • Consistent

wit h specifi c statutor

y intent o f Sectio n 21 1 and genera

l objective s o

f Clea n Air Act a s awhol e (pe

r current interpretatio n fro

m EPA' s Office o

f Genera l Counsel ) • Include s assessment

o f effects o f inhalatio n exposur

e to combustio n emission s and evaporative/refuelin g emission s • Assessment

o f effect s o f oral/derma

l exposur e t o "raw " F/FA s i s in th e domai n o

f other programs , e.g. , TSC A Rol e o f atmospheri c transformatio n product s • Som e o f thes e product s ma

y pos e significan

t healt h risks • Reasonabl e t o require analyti c assessment , but actua l la b tes t require ment s preclude dby scientifi c an dtechnica l limitation s • Mor e definitiv e evaluatio n ma y b e neede d in th e futur

e - 8 -P.1 0

SCOP E OF HEALTH EFFECT S PROVISION S

(Continued ) Specifi c Healt

h Endpoint

s to b e Addressed
• Minimumstatutor

y requirements :

- Carcinogenicit

y

- Mutagenicit

y

- Teratogenicit

y
• Planne d i n addition :

- Extensio n o

f teratogenicit

y testin g (in-utero effects ) t o includ e stud y of adult reproductiv e effect s

- Pulmonar

y toxicit y Topic s Fo r Discussio n • Man y other healt h endpoint s ma

y b e o f concern , e.g. , neurotoxi c effects , renal effects , chroni c inhalatio n effect s • Whic h (if

any ) ar e reasonabl e to include a s genera l progra mrequire ment s and necessar

y fo r regulatory decision-making ?

_ q _P.1 1

SCOP E OF WELFAR

E EFFECT S PROVISION S Planne d Approac

h • Focu s o n publi c welfar

e and environmenta

l effect s o f air pollutio n • Assessmen

t expecte d t o rely o n literatur e researc h an

d dat aanalysi s rather tha n laborator

y testing , because :

- Statut e call s fo r "reasonabl e and necessary " informatio n o n welfar e effects , without

specifi c requirement

to conduc t

test s

- Limite d scientifi c testin g experienc e

- Lac k o f practical screenin g approache s

- Significan

t overla p between healt

h an denvironmenta

l effect s

- Overla p wit h other EP A program s assessin g contributio n o f F/FA s t o majo r environmenta

l problem s such a s aci d rai n an d globa l warmin g Topic s fo r Discussio n • I s thi s approac h adequat e to fulfil l th e statutor

y requirements ? • Ar e ther e specifi c welfar

e issue s whic h shoul d b e mor e definitively addresse d withi n th e program ? I f so , how ?

-10 -P.12 ^

TREATMEN T OF CONVENTIONA L FUEL S AN D ADDITIVE S Background • Th e ter m"conventional " refer s to gasolin e an d diese l F/FA s which :

- Mee t EPA' s criteri afo

r categorizatio n a s "substantially similar " t o the respectiv e certificatio n fue l (alread y in effec t fo r gasoline , no w unde

r development

fo r diesel )

- D o no t contai n compound s othe

r tha n thos e typicall y in 199 0 gasolin e or diese l fuels , no r

unusua l concentration s o

f such compound s • Sectio n 211(e)(3 ) give s authorit y to allo w progra

mexemption s fo

r F/FA s if EPA find s tha

t "additiona

l testin g o f such fue l o r fue l additiv e woul d b e duplicativ e o

f adequat e existin g testing "

- Existin g informatio n o n conventiona l fuel s (and their

additives ) i s extensive : adequat

e t o justif y current an d planne d mobil e sourc e regulation s

- Exception : Significan

t informatio n ga

p regardin g potential teratogeni c an d other reproductiv e effect s o f

gasolin e an d diese l emission s Planne d Approac

h • Exemp t conventiona

l F/FA s fromal l progra

mrequirements , assumin g satisfactor y completio n o

f teratolog y and reproductiv e studie s to b e specifie d b y EP

A • Retai n authorit

y t o requir

e additiona

l testin g t o addres s new concern s whic h ma y aris e i n th e futur

e
-11 -P.1 3

TREATMEN T OF CONVENTIONA L FUEL S AN D ADDITIVE S (Continued ) Topic s fo r Discussio n • Ar e ther e additiona

l informatio n gap s in regar d to th e healt

h effects o

f gasolin e and/or

diese l fuel s which mus t

b e fille d to provide adequat e informatio n fo

r regulator y decision-making ? • Shoul d EP

A mak e afinding whic h exempt s thes e product s fro mprogra m requirement s or , alternatively , shoul d th e producer s o f conventiona

l F/FA s b e require dto supply dat ademonstratin g th e existenc e o f "adequat e information" ?

-12 -P.1 4

ASSESSMEN T O F HEALTH/WELFAR E EFFECT S

Overvie w o f

Tie r Structur e Tie r 1 • Emissio n speciatio n • Literatur

e searc h fo r existin g information o n healt h an d environmenta

l testin g • Dat a analysi s an

d exposure modelin g Tie r 2 • Short-ter

m laborator

y testin g fo r designate d healt h effect s • Tie r 2 require

d onl y to the exten ttha

tth e result s o f well-conducte d com parable tests ar

e no tfound durin

g Tie r 1 activitie s Tie r 3 • Additional testin g a

tEPA' s discretion , base d o n specifi c informatio n need s indicate d b y result s o f Tiers 1 an

d 2

-13 -P.1 5

ASSESSMEN T O F HEALTH/WELFAR E EFFECT S Tie r 1 : Emissio n Speciatio n Function s • Satisfie s statutor

y provisio n t o "determine the emissions " o f F/FA s • Provide s inventor

y o f potentiall y hazardou s motor vehicl e emissions , an

d provide s basi s fo

r analytica l an dmodelin g studie s Require d Speciatio n Procedure s • EPA benc h procedure s fo r CO , C0 2 , total hydrocarbon , methane , NOx , and total particulate s (whe n applicable ) • Protocol s develope db y th e Auto/Oi l Study , includin g ga s chromatogra ph y (GC ) fo

r C 1- C 1 2 hydrocarbon s and alcohol s and HPL C for aldehyde s • Identificatio n o

f polycycli c aromati c hydrocarbon s (PAHs ) i n bot h vapor phas e and particulate phas e o f exhaus t emission s • Determinatio n o

f th e chemica

l fat e o f element s of

specia l concern , e.g. , metals , halogen s • Possibl e additiona

l compound-specifi c analyse s fo r designate dair

toxic s Specia l Consideration s fo r Additive s • T o approximate in-us e conditions , additive s mus t b e mixe d wit

h th e ap propriate paren

tfue l prio r t o generatio n an danalysi s of emission s

- Additiv e concentration s ma y b e "dopedup " to enhanc e detectabilit y • T o determin e additive' s contributio n to speciate d products , th e emission s profil e of th e parent

fue l mus t b e subtracte d fromth e emission s profil e o f th e additive/fue l mixtur

e -14 -P.1 6

ASSESSMEN T OF HEALTH/WELFAR E EFFECT S Tie r 1 : Emissio n Speciatio n (Continued ) Topic s fo r Discussio n • Regardin g combustio n emissions :

- Wha t vehicle s an

doperatin g condition s ar

e appropriat

e fo r generatin g th e emissions ?

- Ar e th e planne d speciatio n procedure s reasonable ? Ar e they ade quate ?

- T o wha t extent shoul d mas s spectroscop y b e require d i n conjunctio n wit h ga s chromatography ? • Regardin g evaporativ e emissions :

- Wha t procedure s shoul db e use d fo r generatin g and speciatin g evaporativ e emissions ?

- Wha t criteri a(e.g. , VP o r

RV P limits ) shoul d b e establishe d fo r deter minin g whethe

r evaporativ e emission s ar

e pertinent fo r agive n F/FA ?

- Ca n evaporativ e emission s b e accurately predicte d base d o n physica l and chemica

l characteristic s of

th e liqui dF/FA , a s a

n alternativ e to actua l chemica l analysis ? • Regardin g additives :

- Wil l artifact s b e create d by "doping up " additiv e concentrations ?

- Wha t parent fue l specification s shoul d b e used ?

- I s side-by-sid e testin g o

f th e parent

fue l and th e additive/fuel mixtur e required ? -15 -P.1 7

ASSESSMEN T OF HEALTH/WELFAR E EFFECT S Tie r 1 : Informatio n Searc h and Analysi s Component

s • Compar e emissio n product s o

f th e F/F A to publishe d list s o

f air toxic s • Searc h publi c an

d in-hous e source s fo

r informatio n about

th e healt h an d welfar e effect s o

f th e F/FA' s emission s • Us e analyti c method s (such a s th e CARB/Carte r scale ) to estimat

e th e chemica l reactivit y o f emitte d compound s an

d thei r predicte d contribu tio n t o atmospheri c ozone • Us e modelin g method s (such a s th e Ingalls/Garb e approach , SA E Tech nical Paper

820787 ) to estimat

e concentration s o

f th e speciate d emission s in typica

l exposur e scenario s Evaluatio n of

Informatio n "Adequacy " • I f th e informatio n gathere d abov e include s th e result s o f test s tha t ar e comparabl e to thos e in Tie r 2 , then th e Tier

2 test s wil l no t

b e require d

- Such studie s mus t

tes t F/F A emissions . Fo r

example , whol e aerosol ize d fuel s ar

e no t equivalent

to evaporativ e emission s • Existin g test s mus t

b e wel l documente d and mus t b e conducte d i

n accordanc e wit h establishe d scientifi c an

d technica l standard s • EP A wil l b e fina

l judg e o f adequac y o

f existin g tests , an

d wil l reserv e authorit y t o requir

e additiona

l testin g

-16 -P.1 8

ASSESSMEN T OF HEALTH/WELFAR E EFFECT S Tie r 2 : Short-Ter

m Laborator

y Testin g Background • Minimumbatter

y o f screenin g test s fo

r th e previousl y designate d endpoint s are liste d belo w • Ame s batter

y make s us e o

f particulate extrac t

(whe n applicable) , whil e al l othe r test s involv e exposur

e o f animal s t o whol e emission s • When testin g additives , th e effect s of emission s generate d fro

mth e additive/fue l mixtur

e ar e compare d to the effect s o f emission s fro

mthe parent fue l alon e Require d Tests • Carcinogenicit

y (C ) an dmutagenicit

y (M ) screens :

- AME S Revers e Mutatio n Assa y ( C an d M )

- Unschedule d DNA Synthesi s (C )

- Bone-Marro w Micronucleu s Assa y (C )

- Wit h Chromosoma

l Aberration s (C )

- Wit h Sister Chromati d Exchang e (M ) • Teratogenicit

y screen :

- Inhalatio n exposur

e o f female rodent s durin g Day s 6-1 5 o f pregnanc y

- Analysi s o

f uterin e content s on Da

y 2 0 • Reproductiv e an d pulmonar y toxicit y screens :

- 28-da y inhalatio n exposur

e o f mal e an dfemale rodent s

- Morphologic , histologic , andfunctiona l analyse s o

f relevant structure s -17 -P.1 9

ASSESSMEN T OF HEALTH/WELFAR E EFFECT S Tie r 2 : Short-Ter

m Laborator

y Testin g (Continued ) Topic s fo r Discussio n
• Ar e thes e Tier

2 requirement s adequate ? Ar e they reasonable ? • Shoul dproduct s wit

h hig h potentia

l ris k o f exposur e (e.g. , fuel s an

d som e oxygenates ) b e teste dmor e rigorously a

t Tier 2 tha n thos e wit

h relativel y lo w exposur

e potential ?

- Fo r example , shoul d th e routin e tes t requirement s fo

r fuel s includ e subchroni c or

even chroni c inhalatio n exposur e studies , instead o

f leavin g such testin g to Tier 3 ? • Wha t vehicle s and operatin g conditio n shoul db e require di n generatin g combusio n emission s fo

r testing ? • Shoul d F/FA s wit

h lo w vapor

pressur e b e excuse d fro

mtes t re quirement s fo

r evaporativ e emissions ? • Shoul d evaporativ e emission s b e subject to th e sam

e routin e healt

h testin g requirements a s combustio n emissions ? • Into wha

t parent fue l formulation s (e.g. , industr y averag e o r

certification typ e fuels ) shoul dadditive s b e mixe d fo r testing ? • I s side-by-sid e testin g of th e additive/fuel mixtur

e and th e parent

fue l required ? • Ca n testin g program s b e coordinate dbetween manufacturer s o f fuel s an d manufacturer s o

f relate dadditives ?

-18 -P.2 0

ASSESSMEN T O F HEALTH/WELFAR E EFFECT S Tie r 3 : Additiona

l Testin g Requirement

s EP A retain s authorit

y to requir

e additiona

l testin g base d o n result s o f Tier s 1 and2

- Coul d includ e subchroni c (9 0 day ) and/or chroni c ( 2 year) inhalatio n studies , usin g anima

l subject s

- Woul d b e tailore d to specifi c concern s identifie di n earlier tier s Exercise d a

t EPA' s discretio n o n acase-by-cas e basis , e.g. :

- Persuasiv e quahtativ e evidenc e o f emissions-base d toxicit

y exists , but mor e definitiv e informatio n i s neede d fo r regulator y decision-makin g

- Result s o

f Tier 2 test s ar

e negativ e (i.e. , apparently non-toxic) , but EP A believe s inadequat

e la b techniqu e interfere d wit

h result s

- EP A disagree s about

"adequacy " o

f Tier 1 informatio n

-19 -P.2 1 OVERVIE W O F EVALUATIO N TIER S 

# I "Conventional " Gasolin e o rDiese l Fuel s an d Fue l Additive s

Testin g t o fil l specifie d informatio n gap s STAR T 

# 1 C Non-Xonventional " Fuel s an d Fue l Additive s 

# d. \ ££ _ Emission s Speciatio n Dat a searc h an d analysis : Revie w o f previou s testin g Analysi s o f chemica l reactivit y an d exposure potentia l "Adequate " Existin g — Informatio n "Indequate " Existin g Informatio n \ Tie r 2 Short-ter m laborator y testin g fo r carcinogenic , mutagenic , teratogenic , reproductiv e an d pulmonar y effect s 

# T Tie r3 : Additiona l Testin g Longe rterm , animal-base d testin g wil l b e prescribe d a t EPA's discretion , e.g. , whe n ther e i s persuasiv e qualitativ e evidenc e of emissions-base d toxicity , an d bette rris k quantificatio n i s require d EN D

* "Adequate " implie s tha t th e existin g informatio n include s th e result s o f test s comparabl e t o thos e require d i n Tie r2 . -20 -P.2 2

EMISSIO N CONTROL SYSTE M PROVISION S Backgroun d • Sectio n 211(b ) authorize s testin g t o determin e F/F A impac t o n th e abilit y o f EC S equipmen

t to comply wit

h emissio n standard s • Significan

t overla p wit h Sectio n 211(f

) rales implemente d in 197 7

- Establishe s criteri afo

r F/FA s considere d "substantially similar " to certificatio n fuel s

- Fo r F/FA s tha

t ar e no t "sub-sim" , require s EC S testin g t o obtai n a waiver allowin g introductio n into commerc e • Applicabilit

y o f Sectio n 211(f

)

- I n th e past , applie d only to unleade d gasolin e andit s bulk additive s

- 199 0 CA

A Amendment s extende d 211(f ) authorit y t o othe r F/F A types , e.g. , diese l an d "alternative " fuel s

- Under "grandfathering " provision , stil l doe s no t apply t o non-gasolin e F/FA s andaftermarke

t gasolin e additive s introduce d pre-199 0 Planne d Approac

h
• Develo p "sub-sim " rales fo r diese l an dother

fue l type s • Continu e 211(f

) jurisdictio n fo

r EC S testin g • T o addres s concern s about grandfathere dF/FAs , EP

A ma y (a t it s discre tion ) require waiver

appUcatio

n fo r particula r F/FA s upo n petitio n of vehicl e manufacturer s o r

othe r intereste d partie s -21 -P.2 3

EMISSIO N CONTRO L SYSTE M PROVISION S (Continued ) Topic s fo r Discussio n • I s thi s approac h adequat e to addres s concern s about th e impac t

o f F/FA s on EC S function ? • In existin g aftermarke

t additive s (and othe

r F/FA s which hav e previousl y been outsid e th e jurisdictio n o f Sectio n 2 1 Iff]) , ar

e there component s know n to hav e advers e effects on EC S performance ?

-22 -P.2 4



## OTHERPROGRAM ISSUE S

-23 -P.2 5

GROUPIN G OF FUEL S AN D FUEL ADDITIVE S Objective s • Enabl e manufacturer s o f chemically simila

r products , o n avoluntar

y basis , to shar

e cost s o f progra mcompUance • Minimiz e dupUcative efforts an dredundan

t informatio n • Eas e deman don limite dlaborator y capacit y • Decreas e volume o

f materia l fo r EP A revie w an

d analysi s Planne d Approac

h • EP A wi U develo p groupin g criteri aaccordin g to chemica l compositio n o f ra w F/FAs , sinc e compositio n o f emission s no t

yet know n

- Group s likel y to b e narrowly defined , base d o n characteristic s such a s aromati c content , presenc e of specifi c metal s and halogens , etc .

- Groupin g systemwi

U b e update da s neede d to properl y accommodat e variabiUt y o f futur e F/FA s • Formation , organization , andoperatio n o f group s preferably brokere d by participatin g manufacturer s themselve s • Withi n eac h group , one o r mor e representativ e F/FA s wi

U b e selecte d a s subject s fo

r require dtest s

- Selectio n of

representative s ma

y b e done by EPA , or

ma y b e done by manufacturer s under

EP A guideline s

- Tes t results fo r representative s wil l b e appUe d t o al l grou

p member s -24 -P.2 6

GROUPIN G OF FUEL S AN D FUEL ADDITIVE S (Continued ) Topic s Fo r Discussio n • Group definition s an

d selectio n criteri afo

r grou p representative s • Qualit y o f dat ai n current

F/F A Databas e • Formatio n andorganizatio n o f group s • Financia

l factors :

- Cos t sharin g mechanism s fo

r group s o f existin g F/FA s

- "Buy-in " arrangement s fo r manufacturer s seeking first-tim e registra tio n of product s which ar

e simila r t o individua

l F/FA s o r F/F A group s tha t hav e akeady satisfie d progra mrequirement s

- Lengt h o f time such provision s shoul d b e i n effec t

-25 -P.2 7 SMALL BUSINES S PROVISION S Authorit y • Under Sectio n 21 1 (e)(3) , EP

A ma y modif y th e F/F A registratio n require ment s fo r sma U businesse s • "Small business " i s t o b e defined withi n th e regulation s Planne d Approac

h • EP A doe s no t

plan to exercis e thi s authority , in consideratio n o f the following factors :

- Propose d exemptio n fo

r conventiona

l F/FA s i s expecte d to reduc e the testin g burde n fo

r man y currently-registere d product s

- Opportunit

y fo r cos t sharing

- Relativel y modes t

requirement s planne d throug h Tie r 2

- Additional , more costly testin g i s t o b e require donly when significan t hazard potential ha s been identifie d

-26 -P.2 8

* i

V

—~~ i EP A FUELS/FUEL ADDITIVE S Charle s Gra y Jame s P . Owen s Stev e Pezd a Stev e Smolowit z Ji mCaldwel l Josep h Fernande s Che t Franc e Jud yGra y Charle s Kelle r Caro l Stac k D.I . Hok e Heid i Siegelbau m Joh n Shoo k Herber t Bruc k Hele n M . Kutsk a Joh n Sepes i Joh n Lingelbac h Ken t Helme r Gre yDan a Andre w K . Kaupu t Alle n R . Schaeffe r Willia m

Pepelk o Jud yGraha m Mar k J . Ried y Car l Mazz a Dic k Wilso n Davi d Donige r C A . Kelle r J.T . Murra y To mLeepe r Crai g Leaseburg e Glen n W . Passavan t Chri s Kir a Mar yElle n Levin e Stanle yDurke e Jame s Greave s Ji mCaldwel l Participan t Ma y 2, 

### A-^o-o

7 ic-s-o ^ RULEMAKIN

G Lis t 199 1 EP A

BAS F Corp . MVMA/EM A N.R.D. C EP A EP A EP A EP A Exxon/CM A CM A Lubrizo l Corp . EP A Chevron/CM A NPR A NPR A AP I EP A AIA M MVMA/G M AT A EP A EPA/OR D She a & Goul d EPA/OA R EP A NRD C Exxo n Oxygenate d Fuel s Ethy l Corp . Oxygenate d Fuel s EPA/An n Arbo r EP A EPA/OG C EPA/OR D EPA/An n Arbo r EPA/Washingto n D.C . Bo b Grec o Bo b Feristi l Myro n Pric e Jame s Peeple s Ronal d Whit e Anit a Ducc a AP I API/Reg . Net . AP I CFD C AL A AP I