Mid-Year 1999 Preliminary ED DAWN Data

CONTENTS

LIST OF TABLES

Data Table RSE Table

1 Estimated number of emergency department drug episodes, drug

mentions, mentions of selected drugs, and total visits for total

coterminous U.S. by half year: Second half 1993 - first half 1999....... RSE-1 [29]

2 Estimated number of emergency department drug episodes, drug

mentions, mentions of selected drugs, and total visits for total

coterminous U.S. by year: 1991-1998 ................................................ RSE-2 [30]

3 Estimated number of emergency department drug episodes, by

metropolitan area by half year: Second half 1993 - first half 1999 ...... RSE-3 [31]

4 Estimated number of emergency department drug episodes, by

metropolitan area by year: 1991-1998................................................ RSE-4 [32]

5 Estimated number of emergency department drug mentions, by

metropolitan area by half year: Second half 1993 - first half 1999 ...... RSE-5 [33]

6 Estimated number of emergency department drug episodes, by

metropolitan area by year: 1991-1998................................................ RSE-6 [34]

7 Estimated number of emergency department cocaine mentions, by

metropolitan area by half year: Second half 1993 - first half 1999 ...... RSE-7 [35]

8 Estimated number of emergency department cocaine mentions, by

metropolitan area by year: 1991-1998................................................ RSE-8 [36]

9 Estimated number of emergency department heroin/morphine mentions,

by metropolitan area by half year: Second half 1993 -

first half 1999....................................................................................... RSE-9 [37]

10 Estimated number of emergency department heroin/morphine

mentions, by metropolitan area by year: 1991-1998........................... RSE-10 [38]

11 Estimated number of emergency department marijuana/hashish

mentions, by metropolitan area by half year: Second half 1993 -

first half 1999....................................................................................... RSE-11 [39]

12 Estimated number of emergency department marijuana/hashish

mentions, by metropolitan area by year: 1991-1998........................... RSE-12 [40]

13 Estimated number of emergency department methamphetamine/speed

mentions, by metropolitan area by half year: Second half 1993 -

first half 1999....................................................................................... RSE-13 [41]
Mid-Year 1999 Preliminary ED DAWN Data

CONTENTS

LIST OF TABLES (continued)

Data Table RSE Table

14 Estimated number of emergency department methamphetamine/speed

mentions, by metropolitan area by year: 1991-1998........................... RSE-14 [42]

15 Estimated number of total emergency department visits, by

metropolitan area by half year: Second half 1993 - first half 1999 ...... RSE-15 [43]

16 Estimated number of total emergency department visits, by

metropolitan area by year: 1991-1998................................................ RSE-16 [44]

17 Estimated number of emergency department drug episodes,

by age, gender, race/ethnicity, hospital location, drug use motive,

and reason for emergency department contact: Second half 1993 -

first half 1999....................................................................................... RSE-17

18 Estimated number of emergency department drug episodes,

by age, gender, race/ethnicity, hospital location, drug use motive,

and reason for emergency department contact: 1991-1998................ RSE-18

19 Estimated number of emergency department drug mentions,

by age, gender, race/ethnicity, hospital location, drug use motive,

and reason for emergency department contact: Second half 1993 -

first half 1999....................................................................................... RSE-19

20 Estimated number of emergency department drug mentions,

by age, gender, race/ethnicity, hospital location, drug use motive,

and reason for emergency department contact: 1991-1998................ RSE-20

21 Estimated number of emergency department cocaine mentions,

by age, gender, race/ethnicity, hospital location, drug use motive,

and reason for emergency department contact: Second half 1993 -

first half 1999....................................................................................... RSE-21

22 Estimated number of emergency department cocaine mentions,

by age, gender, race/ethnicity, hospital location, drug use motive,

and reason for emergency department contact: 1991-1998................ RSE-22

23 Estimated number of emergency department heroin/morphine

mentions, by age, gender, race/ethnicity, hospital location, drug use

motive, and reason for emergency department contact: Second half

1993 - first half 1999............................................................................ RSE-23
Mid-Year 1999 Preliminary ED DAWN Data

CONTENTS

LIST OF TABLES (continued)

Data Table RSE Table

24 Estimated number of emergency department heroin/morphine mentions,

by age, gender, race/ethnicity, hospital location, drug use motive, and

reason for emergency department contact: 1991-1998 ...................... RSE-24

25 Estimated number of emergency department marijuana/hashish

mentions, by age, gender, race/ethnicity, hospital location, drug use

motive, and reason for emergency department contact: Second half

1993 - first half 1999............................................................................ RSE-25

26 Estimated number of emergency department marijuana/hashish

mentions, by age, gender, race/ethnicity, hospital location, drug use

motive, and reason for emergency department contact: 1991-1998 ... RSE-26

27 Estimated number of emergency department methamphetamine/

speed mentions, by age, gender, race/ethnicity, hospital location,

drug use motive, and reason for emergency department contact:

Second half 1993 - first half 1999........................................................ RSE-27

28 Estimated number of emergency department methamphetamine/

speed mentions, by age, gender, race/ethnicity, hospital location,

drug use motive, and reason for emergency department contact:

1991-1998........................................................................................... RSE-28

29 Estimated rate of emergency department drug episodes,

drug mentions, mentions of selected drugs, and total visits

per 100,000 population for total coterminous U.S. by half year:

Second half 1993 - first half 1999........................................................ RSE-1 [29]

30 Estimated rate of emergency department drug episodes,

drug mentions, mentions of selected drugs, and total visits per 100,000

population for total coterminous U.S. by year: 1991-1998 .................. RSE-2 [30]

31 Estimated rate of emergency department drug episodes per

100,000 population, by metropolitan area by half year: Second half

1993 - first half 1999............................................................................ RSE-3 [31]

32 Estimated rate of emergency department drug episodes per

100,000 population, by metropolitan area by year: 1991-1998 ........... RSE-4 [32]

33 Estimated rate of emergency department drug mentions per

100,000 population, by metropolitan area by half year: Second half

1993 - first half 1999............................................................................ RSE-5 [33]
Mid-Year 1999 Preliminary ED DAWN Data

CONTENTS

LIST OF TABLES (continued)

Data Table RSE Table

34 Estimated rate of emergency department drug mentions per

100,000 population, by metropolitan area by year: 1991-1998 ........... RSE-6 [34]

35 Estimated rate of emergency department cocaine mentions per

100,000 population, by metropolitan area by half year:

Second half 1993 - first half 1999........................................................ RSE-7 [35]

36 Estimated rate of emergency department cocaine mentions per

100,000 population, by metropolitan area by year: 1991-1998 ........... RSE-8 [36]

37 Estimated rate of emergency department heroin/morphine mentions

per 100,000 population, by metropolitan area by half

year: Second half 1993 - first half 1999 .............................................. RSE-9 [37]

38 Estimated rate of emergency department heroin/morphine mentions

per 100,000 population, by metropolitan area by year:

1991-1998........................................................................................... RSE-10 [38]

39 Estimated rate of emergency department marijuana/hashish mentions

per 100,000 population, by metropolitan area by half year:

Second half 1993 - first half 1999........................................................ RSE-11 [39]

40 Estimated rate of emergency department marijuana/hashish mentions

per 100,000 population, by metropolitan area by year:

1991-1998........................................................................................... RSE-12 [40]

41 Estimated rate of emergency department methamphetamine/

speed mentions per 100,000 population, by metropolitan area by

half year: Second half 1993 - first half 1999 ....................................... RSE-13 [41]

42 Estimated rate of emergency department methamphetamine/

speed mentions per 100,000 population, by metropolitan area

by year: 1991-1998 ............................................................................ RSE-14 [42]

43 Estimated rate of total emergency department visits per 100,000

population, by metropolitan area by half year: Second half 1993 -

first half 1999....................................................................................... RSE-15 [43]

44 Estimated rate of total emergency department visits per 100,000

population, by metropolitan area by year: 1991-1998......................... RSE-16 [44]

45 Estimated rate of emergency department drug episodes per 100,000

population, by age, gender: Second half 1993 - first half 1999 ........... RSE-45
Mid-Year 1999 Preliminary ED DAWN Data

CONTENTS

LIST OF TABLES (continued)

Data Table RSE Table

46 Estimated rate of emergency department drug episodes per

100,000 population by age, gender: 1991-1998 ................................. RSE-46

47 Estimated rate of emergency department drug mentions per 100,000

population by age, gender: Second half 1993 - first half 1999 ............ RSE-47

48 Estimated rate of emergency department drug mentions per 100,000

population by age, gender: 1991-1998 ............................................... RSE-48

49 Estimated rate of emergency department cocaine mentions per

100,000 population, by age, gender: Second half 1993 - first

half 1999 ............................................................................................. RSE-49

50 Estimated rate of emergency department cocaine mentions per

100,000 population by age, gender: 1991-1998 ................................. RSE-50

51 Estimated rate of emergency department heroin/morphine mentions per

100,000 population by age, gender: Second half 1993 - first half 1999 RSE-51

52 Estimated rate of emergency department heroin/morphine mentions per

100,000 population by age, gender: 1991-1998 ................................. RSE-52

53 Estimated rate of emergency department marijuana/hashish

mentions per 100,000 population by age, gender: Second half 1993 -

first half 1999....................................................................................... RSE-53

54 Estimated rate of emergency department marijuana/hashish

mentions per 100,000 population by age, gender: 1991-1998 ............ RSE-54

55 Estimated rate of emergency department methamphetamine/speed

mentions per 100,000 population by age, gender: Second half

1993 - first half 1999............................................................................ RSE-55

56 Estimated rate of emergency department methamphetamine/speed

mentions per 100,000 population by age, gender: 1991-1998 ............ RSE-56
 Jul - Dec Jan - Jun Jul - Dec Jan - Jun Jul - Dec Jan - Jun Jul - Dec Jan - Jun Jul - Dec Jan - Jun Jul - Dec Jan - Jun

 1993 1994 1994 1995 1995 1996 1996 1997 1997 1998 1998 1999*

DRUG EPISODES................................................................................................. 5.3 5.3 5.7 5.2 5.2 4.6 4.6 5.5 5.6 5.6 5.9 5.5 

DRUG MENTIONS................................................................................................. 5.3 5.4 5.7 5.4 5.2 4.8 4.8 5.8 6.3 6.1 6.3 5.6 

Alcohol-in-combination................................................................................................. 5.3 6.0 7.1 7.2 6.0 5.5 5.5 7.6 9.7 8.1 8.4 7.9 

Cocaine................................................................................................. 7.4 9.1 11.5 9.6 10.2 7.5 8.5 10.5 11.6 10.7 9.8 8.8 

Heroin/morphine................................................................................................. 9.6 9.6 8.9 9.7 9.2 7.9 7.6 9.1 9.2 9.6 10.6 13.6 

Acetaminophen................................................................................................. 8.3 6.5 6.5 6.3 7.3 6.0 7.3 7.6 8.5 9.0 7.4 8.1 

Aspirin................................................................................................. 8.7 8.0 10.2 7.3 9.7 10.8 14.5 11.2 11.9 10.0 10.4 11.9 

Ibuprofen................................................................................................. 9.0 9.4 9.0 7.9 9.2 10.0 10.1 10.3 9.8 10.7 10.3 11.3 

Alprazolam................................................................................................. 11.2 12.9 10.2 10.7 11.0 9.0 8.4 10.8 9.4 10.9 12.2 13.7 

Marijuana/hashish................................................................................................. 8.1 9.5 9.6 10.3 9.9 8.4 8.3 9.5 9.8 9.1 11.3 10.9 

Diazepam................................................................................................. 10.8 12.9 11.4 9.8 11.8 11.2 10.8 11.5 9.9 10.4 10.9 11.3 

Amitriptyline................................................................................................. 13.7 13.4 12.8 14.7 12.9 12.6 10.5 13.1 13.1 13.6 14.1 15.2 

Acetamin./codeine................................................................................................. 13.0 13.0 14.8 13.2 13.0 14.3 13.1 16.4 14.6 19.9 15.3 19.7 

OTC sleep aids................................................................................................. 18.5 14.7 13.9 12.4 12.8 14.2 10.5 13.5 13.5 12.7 13.9 13.2 

Lorazepam................................................................................................. 11.7 16.0 17.4 15.5 11.7 15.5 12.7 14.7 16.2 14.9 15.3 13.9 

d-Propoxyphene................................................................................................. 13.7 12.3 11.8 14.0 14.0 13.0 13.2 17.2 13.3 16.4 15.0 15.0 

Fluoxetine................................................................................................. 13.7 16.0 11.3 10.9 12.2 11.7 12.6 12.4 10.7 13.4 13.0 18.9 

Diphenhydramine................................................................................................. 11.8 10.3 11.7 10.6 11.1 14.4 12.2 12.4 12.7 15.7 14.8 15.7 

Methamphetamine/speed................................................................................................. 24.8 26.4 30.8 28.0 25.9 19.0 23.9 28.9 24.7 22.5 32.2 32.4 

Oxycodone................................................................................................. 28.0 18.0 19.5 17.7 17.5 15.9 22.7 18.6 17.4 21.0 16.0 20.4 

PCP/PCP combinations................................................................................................. 11.6 12.0 10.4 10.2 9.8 12.4 14.6 13.0 15.6 14.8 11.8 14.9 

Lithium carbonate................................................................................................. 15.8 14.4 16.6 16.4 13.4 14.6 15.4 15.7 19.6 15.5 25.6 21.9 

Clonazepam................................................................................................. 14.4 19.8 16.2 16.9 17.0 17.2 13.0 15.9 15.7 17.3 15.5 15.5 

Hydantoin................................................................................................. 15.0 19.9 18.2 16.5 17.5 16.4 18.6 16.0 17.4 22.5 22.9 18.6 

Hydrocodone................................................................................................. 15.4 19.7 15.6 16.5 18.0 19.1 18.0 16.4 15.2 15.4 14.6 14.1 

LSD................................................................................................. 13.4 14.7 24.5 14.4 13.2 15.8 17.3 14.6 17.3 21.0 22.8 16.4 

Triazolam................................................................................................. 24.0 25.1 27.5 31.2 30.5 30.0 33.2 37.5 40.0 35.7 40.5 42.2 

Phenobarbital................................................................................................. 18.9 21.0 19.0 25.2 17.0 21.1 19.5 19.4 20.2 18.5 22.9 24.4 

Doxepin................................................................................................. 19.7 17.2 17.3 17.5 23.0 21.4 19.1 17.7 19.8 22.1 23.8 22.5 

Cyclobenzaprine................................................................................................. 20.3 16.6 18.2 18.9 20.3 18.3 17.4 17.5 16.5 17.8 23.4 20.1 

Haloperidol................................................................................................. 16.5 18.1 15.5 17.8 19.5 19.4 18.3 23.6 17.4 25.1 23.0 22.9 

Amphetamine................................................................................................. 25.5 21.0 26.5 22.4 16.2 14.6 21.7 15.7 15.0 17.2 24.6 16.4 

Trazodone................................................................................................. 16.0 16.4 12.8 12.5 14.5 16.9 12.1 14.2 17.0 15.3 17.0 15.8 

Carisoprodol................................................................................................. 20.5 15.2 19.4 13.4 19.5 12.4 13.1 14.5 16.5 15.7 15.1 14.7 

Naproxen................................................................................................. 19.5 16.6 14.1 16.1 12.8 13.4 15.5 11.8 14.5 14.8 12.9 15.2 

Imipramine................................................................................................. 20.0 16.8 23.8 19.7 20.6 22.1 29.2 24.1 28.9 29.0 41.1 30.3 

Carbamazepine................................................................................................. 16.5 17.4 16.5 15.3 15.6 23.1 16.7 18.4 16.7 15.2 20.3 24.8 

Thioridazine................................................................................................. 20.3 21.9 16.8 21.1 20.2 19.8 26.6 21.4 29.7 24.8 28.5 37.7 

TOTAL ED VISITS**................................................................................................. 0.9 0.5 0.5 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 

Mid-Year 1999 Preliminary ED DAWN Data

* Estimates for this time period are preliminary. Final estimates will be produced later and may be higher or lower than preliminary estimates due to nonresponse adjustment and other factors.

p -value

H1,H1,

98,99

Table RSE-1 [RSE-29] - Relative standard errors (RSEs) for the estimated number [rate] of emergency department drug 

episodes, drug mentions, mentions of selected drugs, and total visits [per 100,000 population] for total coterminous U.S. by 

half year: Second half 1993 - first half 1999

SOURCE: Office of Applied Studies, SAMHSA, Drug Abuse Warning Network, 1999 (10/1999 update).

p -value

H2,H1,

98,99

NOTE: Relative standard errors (RSEs) for these estimates are based on a representative sample of non-Federal, short-stay hospitals with 24-hour emergency departments in the coterminous U.S.
p -value p -value

 Total Total Total Total Total Total Total Total 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998

DRUG EPISODES.................. 4.9 5.5 5.1 5.4 5.1 4.5 5.5 5.6 

DRUG MENTIONS................. 5.2 5.6 5.2 5.5 5.2 4.6 6.0 6.0 Alcohol-in-combination........... 5.6 5.8 5.5 6.4 6.5 5.3 8.6 7.9 Cocaine.................................. 7.6 7.5 7.7 10.1 9.8 7.6 11.0 10.1 Heroin/morphine..................... 7.9 8.3 9.3 8.9 9.2 7.4 8.9 9.8 Acetaminophen....................... 7.6 6.6 7.3 6.1 6.2 6.1 7.6 7.8 Aspirin.................................... 7.8 8.7 8.5 8.0 7.5 10.8 10.8 9.0 Ibuprofen................................ 7.6 8.0 8.1 8.4 7.4 9.1 9.3 9.6 Alprazolam............................. 9.8 9.4 10.6 10.7 9.6 7.6 9.3 10.7 Marijuana/hashish.................. 10.4 8.9 8.2 9.2 9.9 8.0 9.5 9.4 Diazepam............................... 8.6 10.7 8.9 10.3 9.9 10.3 9.7 9.8 Amitriptyline............................ 10.0 12.1 10.8 10.7 11.8 10.3 11.0 12.2 

Acetamin./codeine.................. 8.5 10.5 11.2 12.3 11.0 12.5 13.4 14.6 OTC sleep aids....................... 10.4 12.9 13.4 12.5 11.4 11.0 11.4 11.6 Lorazepam............................. 11.2 13.0 11.9 15.2 12.6 13.3 14.7 14.0 d-Propoxyphene..................... 11.9 12.2 11.0 9.4 10.7 10.8 12.1 13.7 Fluoxetine............................... 12.9 13.7 11.7 11.3 10.1 10.1 10.7 12.1 Diphenhydramine................... 13.8 14.0 10.9 9.4 9.3 11.2 11.0 12.5 Methamphetamine/speed....... 16.2 23.0 20.3 28.0 27.0 21.4 26.5 25.5 Oxycodone............................. 15.5 14.4 18.7 16.2 15.2 15.4 16.4 16.0 PCP/PCP combinations.......... 9.9 14.5 12.2 10.2 9.1 11.7 13.0 11.0 

Lithium carbonate................... 12.6 13.7 14.3 13.3 13.0 13.0 15.0 15.4 Clonazepam........................... 16.6 15.5 14.5 17.2 15.9 14.3 14.7 15.6 Hydantoin............................... 13.9 13.3 11.2 17.9 12.6 13.0 12.1 18.0 Hydrocodone.......................... 16.8 22.9 14.5 16.7 15.3 17.6 14.7 13.9 LSD........................................ 13.0 17.5 9.7 19.3 10.5 13.5 12.8 18.4 Triazolam................................ 12.4 16.9 20.8 18.2 22.6 22.2 28.1 27.4 

Phenobarbital......................... 13.4 13.4 15.7 14.2 15.8 16.0 16.1 16.7 Doxepin.................................. 16.3 12.4 15.7 14.8 17.4 14.8 15.6 17.5 Cyclobenzaprine..................... 13.6 14.3 15.1 13.9 15.6 14.1 12.7 14.3 Haloperidol............................. 15.6 19.1 14.5 13.8 14.5 16.8 15.6 18.3 Amphetamine......................... 11.5 18.8 22.6 23.5 19.2 17.9 14.0 19.4 Trazodone.............................. 18.7 13.7 14.2 12.9 12.4 13.2 14.1 14.7 Carisoprodol........................... 15.6 18.9 18.8 15.0 14.1 10.8 13.7 13.9 Naproxen................................ 17.4 12.1 14.4 12.2 12.1 11.7 10.9 9.8 Imipramine.............................. 16.3 13.9 15.2 14.5 14.6 23.5 21.8 23.3 Carbamazepine...................... 13.4 13.7 13.1 14.1 12.1 16.8 11.8 13.6 Thioridazine............................ 13.1 14.6 17.2 15.8 16.5 18.6 19.8 17.5 TOTAL ED VISITS**............... 0.7 0.9 0.9 0.5 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 

NOTE: These estimates are based on a representative sample of non-Federal, short-stay hospitals with 24-hour emergency departments in the coterminous U.S.SOURCE: Office of Applied Studies, SAMHSA, Drug Abuse Warning Network, 1999 (10/1999 update).

Mid-Year 1999 Preliminary ED DAWN Data

1996,

1998

Table RSE-2 [RSE-30] - Relative standard errors (RSEs) for the estimated number [rate] of emergency department drug episodes, drug mentions, mentions of selected drugs, and total visits [per 100,000 population] for total coterminous U.S. by year: 1991-1998

1997,

1998
DRUG EPISODES

 Jul - Dec Jan - Jun Jul - Dec Jan - Jun Jul - Dec Jan - Jun Jul - Dec Jan - Jun Jul - Dec Jan - Jun Jul - Dec Jan - Jun

 1993 1994 1994 1995 1995 1996 1996 1997 1997 1998 1998 1999*

TOTAL U.S........................................................................... 5.3 5.3 5.7 5.2 5.2 4.6 4.6 5.5 5.6 5.6 5.9 5.5 

Atlanta.......................................................................... 9.3 9.9 10.9 7.4 8.5 7.9 8.7 7.9 7.1 14.3 18.1 16.3 

Baltimore.......................................................................... 5.6 6.9 6.5 9.4 9.6 8.9 8.5 8.7 6.9 3.2 3.4 4.0 

Boston.......................................................................... 6.6 13.5 13.7 14.4 14.2 14.7 14.5 16.3 16.4 15.8 11.2 11.8 

Buffalo.......................................................................... 4.9 10.6 9.7 6.2 9.8 11.1 16.1 15.6 9.4 10.0 4.8 4.4 

Chicago.......................................................................... 8.5 5.8 6.1 6.2 5.5 8.0 9.6 8.9 9.2 9.7 9.3 8.4 

Dallas.......................................................................... 9.2 10.7 5.2 10.3 8.6 8.8 8.6 6.6 6.6 5.7 7.7 8.6 

Denver.......................................................................... 14.3 12.7 13.1 9.5 5.8 8.1 5.8 6.5 7.3 5.7 5.0 6.6 

Detroit.......................................................................... 22.6 26.5 17.4 21.7 18.2 20.4 17.9 14.5 10.9 12.5 10.8 11.6 

Los Angeles - Long Beach.......................................................................... 10.6 10.1 11.4 10.0 8.6 6.5 6.7 5.9 7.3 8.4 11.3 13.6 

Miami - Hialeah.......................................................................... 5.6 3.3 2.3 3.0 2.7 4.0 3.8 3.2 3.6 6.9 9.1 8.5 

Minneapolis - St. Paul.......................................................................... 11.4 18.1 17.0 12.6 13.4 14.2 13.4 19.1 15.3 13.9 9.7 6.0 

New Orleans.......................................................................... 5.7 6.0 4.6 5.3 4.4 5.1 6.6 4.8 2.8 4.2 5.3 5.9 

New York.......................................................................... 15.4 15.6 14.4 15.2 15.3 12.9 12.2 12.8 12.9 13.1 11.7 12.9 

Newark.......................................................................... 20.6 20.6 20.9 21.4 21.8 24.2 17.3 16.9 18.7 21.2 20.0 23.9 

Philadelphia.......................................................................... 12.8 13.7 14.0 15.9 15.7 14.4 15.8 12.8 13.3 13.4 16.1 15.2 

Phoenix.......................................................................... 7.6 2.6 4.0 6.9 8.5 6.5 5.6 6.5 6.1 8.2 7.8 5.1 

St. Louis.......................................................................... 18.0 22.2 21.3 17.5 14.5 12.1 10.3 15.7 16.8 23.5 24.8 20.9 

San Diego.......................................................................... 10.6 9.9 11.1 9.4 11.0 9.2 9.1 5.2 5.0 4.2 4.0 3.2 

San Francisco.......................................................................... 3.8 6.7 4.8 9.2 10.1 7.2 7.7 7.5 7.3 10.5 9.1 9.9 

Seattle.......................................................................... 24.2 23.4 24.8 27.1 24.7 26.7 23.3 27.1 26.3 26.5 2.7 2.1 

Washington, DC.......................................................................... 14.7 12.9 15.7 14.5 13.1 15.3 18.4 15.8 17.3 15.6 15.2 18.9 

National Panel.......................................................................... 10.1 9.5 10.6 9.4 9.6 8.5 8.3 9.8 10.1 9.9 10.5 9.8 

H2,H1,

98,99 98,99

Mid-Year 1999 Preliminary ED DAWN Data

SOURCE: Office of Applied Studies, SAMHSA, Drug Abuse Warning Network, 1999 (10/1999 update).

* Estimates for this time period are preliminary. Final estimates will be produced later and may be higher or lower than preliminary estimates due to nonresponse adjustment and other factors.

NOTE: These estimates are based on a representative sample of non-Federal, short-stay hospitals with 24-hour emergency departments in the coterminous U.S.

p -value

H1,H1,

p -value

Table RSE-3 [RSE-31] - Relative standard errors (RSEs) for the estimated number [rate] of emergency department drug 

episodes [per 100,000 population], by metropolitan area by half year: Second half 1993 - first half 1999
DRUG EPISODES

 Total Total Total Total Total Total Total Total 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998

TOTAL U.S.............................. 4.9 5.5 5.1 5.4 5.1 4.5 5.5 5.6 Atlanta...................................... 4.2 4.9 10.1 9.8 7.7 8.3 7.4 16.0 Baltimore.................................. 8.9 8.0 6.3 6.6 9.4 8.5 7.5 2.7 Boston...................................... 8.1 6.1 6.3 13.5 14.2 14.5 16.3 13.2 Buffalo...................................... 4.2 3.7 3.9 9.6 7.3 13.0 12.6 7.3 Chicago.................................... 7.4 8.1 7.6 5.8 5.8 8.4 9.0 9.5 

Dallas....................................... 11.8 11.2 7.6 7.6 9.4 8.6 6.3 6.4 Denver...................................... 7.7 10.0 11.1 12.9 7.0 6.8 6.8 5.1 

Detroit....................................... 15.3 18.4 22.4 20.7 19.7 18.5 11.9 11.1 

Los Angeles - Long Beach....... 11.5 12.7 10.2 10.6 9.2 6.5 6.4 9.4 

Miami - Hialeah........................ 5.3 5.3 5.5 2.6 2.8 3.8 3.1 7.8 Minneapolis - St. Paul.............. 8.5 9.8 9.8 17.5 13.0 13.6 17.1 11.6 New Orleans............................. 3.4 4.3 5.1 5.1 4.6 5.5 3.7 4.4 

New York.................................. 15.9 15.7 15.7 14.8 15.1 12.5 12.8 12.1 

Newark..................................... 21.5 14.5 20.7 20.8 21.4 20.2 17.8 20.6 Philadelphia.............................. 8.0 11.1 13.0 13.8 15.7 14.5 13.0 14.5 

Phoenix.................................... 7.1 11.5 8.1 3.3 7.7 5.9 6.3 7.9 St. Louis................................... 14.0 15.8 16.8 21.7 16.0 10.8 15.9 23.9 San Diego................................ 7.5 9.4 10.3 10.4 10.1 8.8 5.0 4.1 

San Francisco.......................... 4.5 3.1 3.4 5.5 9.6 7.4 7.3 9.8 Seattle...................................... 20.9 26.1 24.3 24.1 25.9 24.6 26.6 15.2 Washington, DC....................... 12.9 12.4 15.3 14.4 13.8 16.8 16.6 15.4 

National Panel.......................... 9.3 10.7 9.6 9.9 9.3 8.2 9.9 9.8 

Mid-Year 1999 Preliminary ED DAWN Data

SOURCE: Office of Applied Studies, SAMHSA, Drug Abuse Warning Network, 1999 (10/1999 update).NOTE: These estimates are based on a representative sample of non-Federal, short-stay hospitals with 24-hour emergency departments in the coterminous U.S.

1996,

1998

Table RSE-4 [RSE-32] - Relative standard errors (RSEs) for the estimated number [rate] of emergency department drug episodes [per 100,000 population], by metropolitan area by year: 1991-1998

1997,

p -value

1998

p -value
DRUG MENTIONS

 Jul - Dec Jan - Jun Jul - Dec Jan - Jun Jul - Dec Jan - Jun Jul - Dec Jan - Jun Jul - Dec Jan - Jun Jul - Dec Jan - Jun

 1993 1994 1994 1995 1995 1996 1996 1997 1997 1998 1998 1999*

TOTAL U.S........................................................................... 5.3 5.4 5.7 5.4 5.2 4.8 4.8 5.8 6.3 6.1 6.3 5.6 

Atlanta.......................................................................... 9.5 9.9 11.5 7.0 7.8 8.1 9.1 7.8 7.5 17.6 21.5 20.3 

Baltimore.......................................................................... 5.6 7.5 6.8 10.1 10.8 10.0 8.9 9.1 6.9 3.6 3.5 4.2 

Boston.......................................................................... 6.9 15.2 14.7 16.3 15.8 16.2 16.3 17.8 17.8 16.8 11.6 12.4 

Buffalo.......................................................................... 4.7 9.8 9.5 6.0 9.6 12.2 19.3 17.9 8.7 10.5 4.4 4.9 

Chicago.......................................................................... 8.5 6.4 6.4 6.8 6.2 9.6 11.4 9.9 10.3 11.1 10.8 9.8 

Dallas.......................................................................... 7.7 10.8 5.4 10.1 9.3 9.0 9.4 6.6 7.1 5.7 6.6 9.1 

Denver.......................................................................... 11.9 12.1 12.1 10.6 6.7 9.4 6.4 7.3 7.7 6.2 5.0 6.6 

Detroit.......................................................................... 23.0 28.7 18.5 22.8 18.8 21.5 18.8 15.0 11.6 12.7 10.9 11.8 

Los Angeles - Long Beach.......................................................................... 14.6 15.3 15.9 15.0 13.7 10.6 13.7 11.8 9.5 9.7 13.7 17.4 

Miami - Hialeah.......................................................................... 6.0 3.1 2.4 3.3 3.2 4.7 5.0 3.6 3.9 7.1 9.3 8.6 

Minneapolis - St. Paul.......................................................................... 15.3 19.8 18.0 15.1 14.9 14.3 13.9 18.5 13.6 13.3 8.9 3.7 

New Orleans.......................................................................... 5.2 6.1 4.3 5.9 4.9 5.6 7.2 4.7 3.5 4.1 6.3 6.6 

New York.......................................................................... 15.0 15.3 14.0 15.5 15.9 13.3 12.6 12.9 13.1 13.4 12.2 13.1 

Newark.......................................................................... 22.8 22.5 22.7 23.5 26.0 29.6 18.9 17.4 20.4 22.4 21.3 23.9 

Philadelphia.......................................................................... 12.8 14.2 13.8 16.7 16.7 15.5 15.8 12.4 12.2 13.1 16.9 16.4 

Phoenix.......................................................................... 9.2 3.0 3.1 5.9 7.6 5.8 5.1 6.3 4.9 6.4 8.0 5.3 

St. Louis.......................................................................... 13.7 25.3 23.8 20.1 15.6 12.3 10.6 16.1 17.6 25.9 28.3 23.5 

San Diego.......................................................................... 11.1 9.5 9.6 9.3 11.6 9.5 8.3 5.0 5.1 4.5 4.6 3.7 

San Francisco.......................................................................... 4.0 7.1 5.2 9.8 10.6 7.4 7.9 8.1 7.5 11.1 9.8 10.7 

Seattle.......................................................................... 24.3 23.9 25.1 27.7 25.2 27.0 23.4 27.8 26.1 27.2 1.6 3.1 

Washington, DC.......................................................................... 16.4 16.4 18.2 17.0 14.4 16.5 20.2 18.5 19.3 17.2 17.0 21.2 

National Panel.......................................................................... 9.9 9.4 10.6 9.6 9.4 8.7 8.5 10.3 11.3 10.6 10.9 9.7 

Mid-Year 1999 Preliminary ED DAWN Data

SOURCE: Office of Applied Studies, SAMHSA, Drug Abuse Warning Network, 1999 (10/1999 update).

* Estimates for this time period are preliminary. Final estimates will be produced later and may be higher or lower than preliminary estimates due to nonresponse adjustment and other factors.

NOTE: These estimates are based on a representative sample of non-Federal, short-stay hospitals with 24-hour emergency departments in the coterminous U.S.

p -value

H1,H1,

98,99 98,99

Table RSE-5 [RSE-33] - Relative standard errors (RSEs) for the estimated number [rate] of emergency department drug 

mentions [per 100,000 population], by metropolitan area by half year: Second half 1993 - first half 1999

p -value

H2,H1,
DRUG MENTIONS

 Total Total Total Total Total Total Total Total 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998

TOTAL U.S.............................. 5.2 5.6 5.2 5.5 5.2 4.6 6.0 6.0 Atlanta...................................... 4.4 4.9 10.3 10.2 7.2 8.5 7.5 19.3 Baltimore.................................. 8.6 7.8 6.1 7.1 10.4 9.3 7.6 2.9 Boston...................................... 8.5 6.6 7.0 14.8 16.0 16.2 17.7 13.8 Buffalo...................................... 4.1 3.8 3.9 9.1 7.2 15.2 13.5 7.3 Chicago.................................... 7.4 8.1 7.7 6.2 6.4 10.0 10.1 10.9 

Dallas....................................... 12.5 11.3 6.1 7.7 9.6 9.1 6.6 5.9 Denver...................................... 8.6 10.4 9.6 12.0 8.0 7.7 7.2 5.2 

Detroit....................................... 14.3 18.4 22.9 22.3 20.6 19.5 12.5 11.2 

Los Angeles - Long Beach....... 17.8 20.5 14.7 15.5 14.3 12.0 10.4 11.4 

Miami - Hialeah........................ 5.9 4.8 5.3 2.2 3.2 4.8 3.3 7.7 Minneapolis - St. Paul.............. 8.8 11.4 12.1 18.9 14.9 13.9 16.0 10.9 New Orleans............................. 3.6 5.1 5.1 5.0 5.1 6.0 3.9 4.5 

New York.................................. 15.0 14.3 15.3 14.3 15.5 12.9 13.0 12.5 

Newark..................................... 26.1 15.4 22.3 22.6 24.6 23.9 18.9 21.8 Philadelphia.............................. 9.2 12.4 13.2 13.9 16.6 14.9 12.3 14.6 

Phoenix.................................... 7.5 11.6 9.6 3.1 6.7 5.3 5.6 7.1 St. Louis................................... 13.7 14.4 13.4 24.5 17.9 11.1 16.5 26.8 San Diego................................ 7.3 9.4 10.5 9.4 10.3 8.4 4.9 4.5 

San Francisco.......................... 4.5 3.2 3.5 6.0 10.1 7.6 7.7 10.4 Seattle...................................... 20.3 25.6 23.8 24.5 26.5 24.8 26.9 15.5 Washington, DC....................... 14.7 15.1 17.5 17.3 15.6 18.3 18.9 17.0 

National Panel.......................... 9.7 10.8 9.6 9.9 9.4 8.3 10.7 10.4 

p -value

1998

p -value

Mid-Year 1999 Preliminary ED DAWN Data

SOURCE: Office of Applied Studies, SAMHSA, Drug Abuse Warning Network, 1999 (10/1999 update).NOTE: These estimates are based on a representative sample of non-Federal, short-stay hospitals with 24-hour emergency departments in the coterminous U.S.

1996,

1998

Table RSE-6 [RSE-34] - Relative standard errors (RSEs) for the estimated number [rate] of emergency department drug mentions [per 100,000 population], by metropolitan area by year: 1991-1998

1997,
COCAINE

 Jul - Dec Jan - Jun Jul - Dec Jan - Jun Jul - Dec Jan - Jun Jul - Dec Jan - Jun Jul - Dec Jan - Jun Jul - Dec Jan - Jun

 1993 1994 1994 1995 1995 1996 1996 1997 1997 1998 1998 1999*

TOTAL U.S........................................................................... 7.4 9.1 11.5 9.6 10.2 7.5 8.5 10.5 11.6 10.7 9.8 8.8 

Atlanta.......................................................................... 10.8 11.7 12.8 8.9 9.1 9.4 11.2 9.0 9.2 15.2 20.6 17.2 

Baltimore.......................................................................... 6.7 9.3 8.3 11.4 11.9 10.5 9.7 10.5 9.2 4.0 3.7 5.0 

Boston.......................................................................... 9.8 14.5 13.6 17.8 18.5 20.7 18.7 20.9 20.0 22.8 16.5 19.3 

Buffalo.......................................................................... 7.2 12.5 11.7 8.8 13.2 18.0 23.2 23.6 15.7 16.6 8.2 7.0 

Chicago.......................................................................... 11.7 8.3 8.5 8.1 7.4 11.7 13.8 12.0 12.3 12.6 12.2 11.2 

Dallas.......................................................................... 8.4 13.5 11.8 11.2 13.2 13.0 16.0 14.5 12.3 11.5 9.6 8.1 

Denver.......................................................................... 22.1 17.1 15.3 11.2 7.5 9.1 8.7 8.0 7.2 7.6 6.8 7.9 

Detroit.......................................................................... 33.1 38.9 26.0 32.9 29.0 31.3 25.6 20.7 14.8 13.8 12.6 14.4 

Los Angeles - Long Beach.......................................................................... 13.6 14.3 14.9 12.7 12.1 10.7 11.5 9.1 10.9 10.7 13.5 19.1 

Miami - Hialeah.......................................................................... 8.0 3.9 4.7 3.2 3.7 4.1 5.4 4.9 5.6 6.5 10.1 9.5 

Minneapolis - St. Paul.......................................................................... 5.8 18.3 16.5 20.9 24.0 25.7 22.2 14.4 11.7 9.7 7.4 9.7 

New Orleans.......................................................................... 5.6 8.7 6.7 6.4 3.7 3.9 6.6 6.8 3.8 5.1 6.2 7.0 

New York.......................................................................... 18.8 19.5 18.1 19.2 20.5 17.4 15.4 15.9 16.3 17.6 16.8 16.9 

Newark.......................................................................... 29.6 27.7 25.7 25.4 27.8 29.5 21.7 21.7 24.8 27.7 25.8 29.3 

Philadelphia.......................................................................... 15.3 19.0 20.7 22.8 20.2 20.2 20.5 18.3 17.5 17.1 20.2 19.9 

Phoenix.......................................................................... 10.8 5.6 7.0 11.3 11.6 6.9 6.7 9.8 10.8 10.9 10.0 8.5 

St. Louis.......................................................................... 24.4 30.2 29.0 26.0 21.7 18.7 18.2 22.3 18.6 32.9 33.2 29.8 

San Diego.......................................................................... 24.3 23.3 25.7 19.7 19.8 16.1 15.5 14.3 11.3 10.4 9.2 6.9 

San Francisco.......................................................................... 4.3 9.0 5.0 9.8 10.2 6.7 6.8 8.3 7.7 12.0 12.6 11.0 

Seattle.......................................................................... 30.2 31.3 33.0 34.3 33.2 34.6 28.3 33.4 32.8 35.4 5.4 7.2 

Washington, DC.......................................................................... 17.0 15.7 18.7 14.9 8.0 16.7 18.5 16.8 16.3 16.5 13.5 18.6 

National Panel.......................................................................... 24.6 27.2 36.6 32.2 36.0 23.1 23.4 26.6 27.9 26.5 24.4 21.1 

Mid-Year 1999 Preliminary ED DAWN Data

SOURCE: Office of Applied Studies, SAMHSA, Drug Abuse Warning Network, 1999 (10/1999 update).

* Estimates for this time period are preliminary. Final estimates will be produced later and may be higher or lower than preliminary estimates due to nonresponse adjustment and other factors.

NOTE: These estimates are based on a representative sample of non-Federal, short-stay hospitals with 24-hour emergency departments in the coterminous U.S.

p -value

H1,H1,

Table RSE-7 [RSE-35] - Relative standard errors (RSEs) for the estimated number [rate] of emergency department cocaine 

mentions [per 100,000 population], by metropolitan area by half year: Second half 1993 - first half 1999

98,99 98,99

p -value

H2,H1,
COCAINE

 Total Total Total Total Total Total Total Total 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998

TOTAL U.S.............................. 7.6 7.5 7.7 10.1 9.8 7.6 11.0 10.1 Atlanta...................................... 6.9 8.1 10.1 11.7 8.8 10.2 8.9 17.7 Baltimore.................................. 11.0 9.9 7.9 8.7 11.6 9.9 9.4 3.2 Boston...................................... 11.4 10.1 9.3 13.8 18.0 19.6 20.3 18.9 Buffalo...................................... 9.7 6.8 6.7 11.9 10.5 20.0 20.2 12.1 Chicago.................................... 10.5 12.4 10.5 8.3 7.6 12.1 12.1 12.3 

Dallas....................................... 9.9 12.1 7.4 12.4 12.1 14.2 12.7 10.3 Denver...................................... 12.2 17.8 18.9 16.2 8.4 8.6 7.4 6.3 

Detroit....................................... 23.4 29.4 33.6 31.6 30.9 27.5 16.8 12.8 Los Angeles - Long Beach....... 17.6 16.3 13.3 14.4 12.3 11.0 9.7 11.6 

Miami - Hialeah........................ 5.9 5.5 7.7 4.2 3.4 4.5 4.3 7.4 Minneapolis - St. Paul.............. 8.9 13.3 7.0 17.2 21.6 22.4 11.9 7.9 New Orleans............................. 3.6 4.2 4.9 7.6 4.7 4.5 4.7 5.4 

New York.................................. 16.0 17.8 20.1 18.6 19.7 16.4 16.0 16.9 

Newark..................................... 37.5 20.0 29.2 26.5 26.4 25.1 23.2 26.7 Philadelphia.............................. 9.3 14.0 15.3 19.8 21.4 19.6 17.8 18.3 

Phoenix.................................... 8.2 12.3 9.6 6.3 11.4 6.5 10.2 10.1 St. Louis................................... 19.9 22.0 20.9 29.6 24.1 17.8 19.1 32.5 San Diego................................ 17.8 22.1 23.2 24.2 19.6 15.2 12.5 9.6 

San Francisco.......................... 5.3 3.7 3.9 6.6 9.9 6.7 7.9 12.3 Seattle...................................... 27.4 35.2 30.3 32.2 33.8 31.1 33.0 19.2 Washington, DC....................... 18.3 16.4 18.5 17.0 11.6 17.4 16.5 15.0 

National Panel.......................... 29.3 28.2 25.4 31.5 33.8 21.9 27.1 25.1 

p -value

1998

p -value

Mid-Year 1999 Preliminary ED DAWN Data

SOURCE: Office of Applied Studies, SAMHSA, Drug Abuse Warning Network, 1999 (10/1999 update).NOTE: These estimates are based on a representative sample of non-Federal, short-stay hospitals with 24-hour emergency departments in the coterminous U.S.

1996,

1998

Table RSE-8 [RSE-36] - Relative standard errors (RSEs) for the estimated number [rate] of emergency department cocaine mentions [per 100,000 population], by metropolitan area by year: 1991-1998

1997,
HEROIN/MORPHINE

 Jul - Dec Jan - Jun Jul - Dec Jan - Jun Jul - Dec Jan - Jun Jul - Dec Jan - Jun Jul - Dec Jan - Jun Jul - Dec Jan - Jun

 1993 1994 1994 1995 1995 1996 1996 1997 1997 1998 1998 1999*

TOTAL U.S........................................................................... 9.6 9.6 8.9 9.7 9.2 7.9 7.6 9.1 9.2 9.6 10.6 13.6 

Atlanta.......................................................................... 13.2 13.0 14.0 10.1 8.1 12.6 11.3 8.7 19.4 6.8 14.9 11.5 

Baltimore.......................................................................... 6.3 9.0 7.6 10.6 11.4 9.6 10.1 11.1 8.6 3.6 4.4 5.4 

Boston.......................................................................... 10.1 12.2 13.9 18.6 17.0 20.4 21.7 19.9 18.6 17.5 12.0 12.9 

Buffalo.......................................................................... 6.3 14.5 16.5 7.9 9.0 11.2 12.1 13.9 10.3 8.3 6.5 7.9 

Chicago.......................................................................... 12.9 8.3 10.3 9.2 8.7 20.4 20.9 17.6 17.0 22.3 20.4 19.7 

Dallas.......................................................................... 10.9 23.6 23.3 20.0 19.1 22.3 20.3 15.1 18.2 13.6 9.4 13.1 

Denver.......................................................................... 21.6 18.7 21.8 17.4 8.1 9.2 8.1 9.5 9.2 6.9 6.9 10.9 

Detroit.......................................................................... 30.7 35.0 23.2 27.7 24.9 28.5 28.6 24.7 16.9 15.0 14.3 16.6 

Los Angeles - Long Beach.......................................................................... 9.8 10.5 11.4 9.7 9.6 12.0 8.6 8.5 8.5 9.5 11.5 12.5 

Miami - Hialeah.......................................................................... 6.1 3.2 3.0 3.3 2.9 4.5 8.0 6.2 4.2 8.1 9.4 8.3 

Minneapolis - St. Paul.......................................................................... 17.5 35.4 38.1 24.9 23.4 28.1 29.5 15.8 14.9 10.8 12.4 12.1 

New Orleans.......................................................................... 6.2 22.6 11.2 12.4 3.9 6.0 5.6 5.4 4.1 5.2 6.4 6.4 

New York.......................................................................... 24.8 26.7 20.6 21.4 20.3 18.1 17.5 18.4 17.3 17.0 16.2 18.5 

Newark.......................................................................... 33.3 34.3 33.7 33.9 34.4 38.6 25.0 20.9 23.7 25.5 24.4 29.8 

Philadelphia.......................................................................... 14.0 18.6 21.5 32.0 28.9 24.6 20.2 18.3 16.6 15.9 21.2 26.6 

Phoenix.......................................................................... 4.3 5.9 4.2 11.0 7.0 6.3 5.8 11.5 14.5 20.4 12.9 5.9 

St. Louis.......................................................................... 15.5 26.2 19.2 21.7 20.2 23.1 19.5 17.9 26.5 29.6 31.8 29.8 

San Diego.......................................................................... 20.2 22.5 26.3 23.4 22.6 22.5 22.1 17.2 13.6 9.8 11.4 10.3 

San Francisco.......................................................................... 5.7 8.5 5.9 11.3 12.9 8.8 9.0 9.4 8.9 14.2 14.3 13.9 

Seattle.......................................................................... 33.4 30.2 30.7 31.6 29.8 32.8 26.0 29.7 29.3 30.1 9.8 7.0 

Washington, DC.......................................................................... 7.4 10.0 14.3 11.6 11.1 12.0 10.3 7.6 10.3 8.8 8.3 10.5 

National Panel.......................................................................... 29.4 31.0 32.0 29.8 30.3 26.7 23.3 30.1 31.8 29.3 35.4 43.4 

Mid-Year 1999 Preliminary ED DAWN Data

SOURCE: Office of Applied Studies, SAMHSA, Drug Abuse Warning Network, 1999 (10/1999 update).

* Estimates for this time period are preliminary. Final estimates will be produced later and may be higher or lower than preliminary estimates due to nonresponse adjustment and other factors.

NOTE: These estimates are based on a representative sample of non-Federal, short-stay hospitals with 24-hour emergency departments in the coterminous U.S.

p -value

H1,H1,

Table RSE-9 [RSE-37] - Relative standard errors (RSEs) for the estimated number [rate] of emergency department 

heroin/morphine mentions [per 100,000 population], by metropolitan area by half year: Second half 1993 - first half 1999

98,99 98,99

p -value

H2,H1,
HEROIN/MORPHINE

 Total Total Total Total Total Total Total Total 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998

TOTAL U.S.............................. 7.9 8.3 9.3 8.9 9.2 7.4 8.9 9.8 Atlanta...................................... 11.4 3.0 12.3 12.7 7.2 11.5 13.6 9.3 Baltimore.................................. 9.9 9.1 6.6 8.2 10.9 9.8 9.6 3.3 Boston...................................... 11.8 9.3 9.9 13.2 17.5 20.6 19.2 14.1 Buffalo...................................... 3.9 3.2 5.5 15.6 7.7 11.3 11.9 6.8 Chicago.................................... 14.6 8.3 10.3 9.2 8.7 19.7 17.0 21.2 

Dallas....................................... 14.7 15.9 10.4 22.8 19.4 18.8 16.1 8.3 Denver...................................... 11.1 23.9 21.7 20.3 10.3 8.3 9.0 6.9 

Detroit....................................... 21.7 27.9 30.8 28.1 26.0 27.5 19.5 13.9 Los Angeles - Long Beach....... 11.7 11.4 8.7 10.2 9.3 10.2 8.2 8.9 

Miami - Hialeah........................ 3.8 5.2 4.9 2.2 2.9 5.2 4.8 6.5 Minneapolis - St. Paul.............. 7.9 19.8 14.2 35.6 22.9 27.7 14.8 8.8 New Orleans............................. 3.4 3.5 4.9 15.9 4.6 4.4 4.2 5.2 

New York.................................. 20.7 19.0 24.0 22.9 20.8 17.8 17.8 16.3 

Newark..................................... 35.1 24.3 32.0 33.9 34.1 31.6 22.4 24.9 Philadelphia.............................. 18.6 20.3 19.6 19.9 30.3 20.5 17.3 18.4 Phoenix.................................... 18.4 8.2 5.4 4.9 8.8 5.8 12.9 15.7 St. Louis................................... 14.5 15.4 16.6 22.4 20.8 20.3 20.9 30.3 San Diego................................. 16.0 17.7 21.0 24.1 23.0 21.7 14.9 10.5 San Francisco.......................... 5.0 3.5 4.8 7.0 12.1 8.9 9.1 14.2 Seattle...................................... 27.8 36.8 33.7 30.5 30.6 28.9 29.4 17.3 Washington, DC....................... 11.0 9.8 7.8 12.5 10.9 11.0 8.6 8.4 

National Panel.......................... 34.4 31.1 28.5 30.5 29.4 23.8 29.9 31.3 

Mid-Year 1999 Preliminary ED DAWN Data

Table RSE-10 [RSE-38] - Relative standard errors (RSEs) for the estimated number [rate] of emergency department heroin/morphine mentions [per 100,000 population], by metropolitan area by year: 1991-1998

SOURCE: Office of Applied Studies, SAMHSA, Drug Abuse Warning Network, 1999 (10/1999 update).NOTE: These estimates are based on a representative sample of non-Federal, short-stay hospitals with 24-hour emergency departments in the coterminous U.S.

1997,

1998

p -value

p -value

1996,

1998
MARIJUANA/HASHISH

 Jul - Dec Jan - Jun Jul - Dec Jan - Jun Jul - Dec Jan - Jun Jul - Dec Jan - Jun Jul - Dec Jan - Jun Jul - Dec Jan - Jun

 1993 1994 1994 1995 1995 1996 1996 1997 1997 1998 1998 1999*

TOTAL U.S.............................................................. 8.1 9.5 9.6 10.3 9.9 8.4 8.3 9.5 9.8 9.1 11.3 10.9 

Atlanta............................................................. 10.7 9.5 13.0 8.3 9.8 12.5 15.3 12.4 11.1 27.8 34.7 28.0 

Baltimore............................................................. 4.9 17.7 11.3 16.8 20.7 20.3 10.9 16.1 13.5 10.9 4.8 4.1 

Boston............................................................. 20.5 30.6 25.3 28.6 32.7 31.3 29.1 33.4 32.2 30.4 23.5 35.2 

Buffalo............................................................. 5.2 16.6 18.4 13.5 10.1 5.4 24.0 21.2 8.5 5.7 2.2 3.3 

Chicago............................................................. 11.4 12.4 10.1 11.0 10.7 13.9 13.2 13.2 13.0 14.5 14.8 13.8 

Dallas............................................................. 32.3 28.1 16.9 18.1 18.8 24.3 19.6 19.1 11.8 14.4 16.3 15.1 

Denver............................................................. 12.7 15.2 13.2 27.9 18.3 12.0 8.8 11.6 11.4 9.5 11.4 15.7 

Detroit............................................................. 27.2 31.9 25.4 25.8 23.2 23.3 22.2 18.0 12.8 14.3 12.7 14.7 

Los Angeles - Long Beach............................................................. 26.0 22.5 22.2 14.9 17.3 12.3 18.7 14.1 18.1 25.6 34.3 42.6 

Miami - Hialeah............................................................. 6.6 7.1 6.5 3.8 4.3 5.4 4.8 3.9 4.6 6.2 10.5 8.7 

Minneapolis - St. Paul............................................................. 45.6 34.5 38.5 30.3 31.0 31.3 24.1 25.1 19.1 15.6 8.1 12.3 

New Orleans............................................................. 5.1 7.1 4.3 7.4 5.2 5.6 6.8 6.5 5.3 5.3 7.9 8.0 

New York............................................................. 14.3 15.8 12.9 20.6 19.8 16.6 15.2 15.6 16.8 15.5 14.2 16.5 

Newark............................................................. 35.4 24.9 29.7 25.4 24.6 24.3 23.0 22.2 27.4 24.6 23.9 22.8 

Philadelphia............................................................. 12.8 16.6 12.9 16.6 17.3 12.6 16.1 10.9 10.2 11.3 15.9 14.7 

Phoenix............................................................. 14.7 14.5 7.2 10.8 12.3 12.9 10.8 8.4 10.8 11.7 16.0 10.2 

St. Louis............................................................. 19.4 50.7 43.6 44.7 33.9 25.9 25.0 31.6 31.4 46.6 48.5 29.7 

San Diego............................................................. 26.2 17.2 20.1 13.7 12.5 8.5 14.5 8.8 5.8 6.3 5.8 6.4 

San Francisco............................................................. 7.6 14.9 8.4 15.5 12.8 8.4 11.4 12.8 13.5 25.0 25.6 22.9 

Seattle............................................................. 23.7 25.4 28.6 34.3 31.7 30.7 28.0 37.7 33.1 34.2 2.4 3.3 

Washington, DC............................................................. 40.6 34.4 32.8 34.1 36.1 32.0 40.5 37.0 37.7 35.0 34.0 37.9 

National Panel............................................................. 18.5 22.5 24.2 25.6 28.2 21.0 17.6 20.0 21.8 19.3 22.9 22.3 

Mid-Year 1999 Preliminary ED DAWN Data

H2,H1,

Table RSE-11 [RSE-39] - Relative standard errors (RSEs) for the estimated number [rate] of emergency department 

marijuana/hashish mentions [per 100,000 population], by metropolitan area by half year: Second half 1993 - first half 1999

SOURCE: Office of Applied Studies, SAMHSA, Drug Abuse Warning Network, 1999 (10/1999 update).

* Estimates for this time period are preliminary. Final estimates will be produced later and may be higher or lower than preliminary estimates due to nonresponse adjustment and other factors.

NOTE: These estimates are based on a representative sample of non-Federal, short-stay hospitals with 24-hour emergency departments in the coterminous U.S.

p -value

98,99 98,99

H1,H1,

p -value
MARIJUANA/HASHISH

Total Total Total Total Total Total Total Total

 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998

TOTAL U.S.............................. 10.4 8.9 8.2 9.2 9.9 8.0 9.5 9.4 

Atlanta...................................... 8.6 7.2 13.7 10.7 8.8 14.0 11.4 30.7 Baltimore.................................. 10.5 3.7 2.9 14.0 18.2 14.1 14.5 6.6 Boston...................................... 19.4 18.8 21.0 27.3 30.3 30.1 32.5 26.3 Buffalo...................................... 6.7 4.6 4.8 17.4 10.7 13.9 15.2 2.5 Chicago.................................... 13.5 13.5 10.2 10.8 10.7 12.8 12.9 14.6 

Dallas....................................... 22.6 27.0 26.4 22.1 18.2 21.7 15.0 15.0 Denver...................................... 15.8 15.1 10.4 13.3 23.8 9.5 11.1 8.5 

Detroit....................................... 20.3 27.8 29.2 26.1 23.9 21.9 14.3 12.9 Los Angeles - Long Beach....... 30.2 34.6 25.6 22.1 15.6 14.9 15.6 30.4 

Miami - Hialeah........................ 9.3 5.2 6.6 6.5 3.8 4.8 3.4 7.0 Minneapolis - St. Paul.............. 21.3 40.9 43.1 36.3 30.3 27.3 21.0 11.1 New Orleans............................. 3.1 4.7 4.4 5.0 6.0 4.6 5.5 5.8 

New York.................................. 17.4 14.9 14.4 13.7 19.9 15.8 16.0 14.6 

Newark..................................... 51.4 25.2 31.2 27.6 25.0 23.4 24.4 24.2 Philadelphia.............................. 17.0 21.8 15.5 13.9 16.5 13.2 10.3 12.6 Phoenix.................................... 20.3 25.5 31.7 9.7 11.4 10.6 9.1 12.6 St. Louis................................... 16.1 20.0 16.4 47.0 40.0 24.7 30.7 47.4 San Diego................................. 16.5 20.9 22.7 18.4 12.7 11.1 7.0 6.0 San Francisco.......................... 7.4 6.1 7.4 11.5 14.0 9.7 12.7 25.1 Seattle...................................... 33.0 38.2 25.1 26.9 33.1 29.0 35.1 21.0 Washington, DC....................... 39.9 44.8 40.2 33.4 34.8 36.1 37.3 34.4 

National Panel.......................... 26.0 21.9 19.3 22.5 26.0 18.3 20.6 19.4 

Mid-Year 1999 Preliminary ED DAWN Data

Table RSE-12 [RSE-40] - Relative standard errors (RSEs) for the estimated number [rate] of emergency department marijuana/hashish mentions [per 100,000 population], by metropolitan area by year: 1991-1998

SOURCE: Office of Applied Studies, SAMHSA, Drug Abuse Warning Network, 1999 (10/1999 update).NOTE: These estimates are based on a representative sample of non-Federal, short-stay hospitals with 24-hour emergency departments in the coterminous U.S.

p -value

1997,

1998

p -value

1996,

1998
METHAMPHETAMINE/SPEED

 Jul - Dec Jan - Jun Jul - Dec Jan - Jun Jul - Dec Jan - Jun Jul - Dec Jan - Jun Jul - Dec Jan - Jun Jul - Dec Jan - Jun

 1993 1994 1994 1995 1995 1996 1996 1997 1997 1998 1998 1999*

TOTAL U.S.............................................................. 24.8 26.4 30.8 28.0 25.9 19.0 23.9 28.9 24.7 22.5 32.2 32.4 

Atlanta............................................................. 24.4 32.9 31.5 12.2 18.0 25.6 41.1 24.1 29.2 13.9 32.6 17.1 

Baltimore............................................................. 10.9 3.2 36.9 23.8 3.5 14.9 21.4 37.6 44.2 63.2 11.5 6.3 

Boston............................................................. 73.1 24.2 36.8 55.7 45.4 90.4 84.6 10.7 46.7 8.1 9.6 42.7 

Buffalo............................................................. 3.3 11.1 9.2 5.6 55.1 5.1 9.9 14.4 52.5 7.7 3.2 5.5 

Chicago............................................................. 28.8 43.3 27.5 27.8 46.9 26.9 30.8 27.2 36.9 26.1 34.3 38.6 

Dallas............................................................. 54.0 13.1 19.8 23.6 15.2 14.2 20.1 6.3 5.9 9.8 5.5 28.8 

Denver............................................................. 11.6 15.5 12.1 14.6 14.5 11.0 13.4 13.3 12.6 10.1 9.3 21.7 

Detroit............................................................. 47.1 41.8 59.9 50.3 70.2 38.2 62.8 65.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 25.4 

Los Angeles - Long Beach............................................................. 17.2 16.3 17.8 15.2 16.4 15.4 16.8 16.0 12.6 12.0 16.1 11.6 

Miami - Hialeah............................................................. 7.4 5.6 2.8 3.5 3.0 16.9 3.8 5.6 6.5 6.3 7.0 69.1 

Minneapolis - St. Paul............................................................. 34.1 29.7 14.6 21.9 33.0 19.0 32.3 28.4 54.4 35.5 25.4 14.2 

New Orleans............................................................. 8.3 2.6 26.0 13.2 7.7 28.4 47.7 9.1 14.0 4.2 4.5 10.6 

New York............................................................. 66.4 42.5 28.4 31.3 60.7 27.3 30.5 42.0 56.4 42.9 29.8 37.9 

Newark............................................................. 0.0 89.8 60.6 60.1 0.0 19.2 82.6 0.0 51.8 81.9 88.8 7.4 

Philadelphia............................................................. 21.5 26.6 21.8 28.4 15.1 27.8 37.7 46.2 41.3 30.5 29.0 29.6 

Phoenix............................................................. 11.1 18.1 8.7 9.2 20.4 14.6 16.3 14.6 14.7 27.0 9.1 22.2 

St. Louis............................................................. 30.4 36.5 31.1 18.8 22.3 50.2 32.8 26.1 25.2 28.4 55.0 26.9 

San Diego............................................................. 10.2 13.1 14.0 14.1 18.7 17.9 14.1 12.3 10.1 10.8 10.9 8.9 

San Francisco............................................................. 4.9 7.3 6.4 10.5 13.6 7.3 8.3 8.6 12.4 18.2 20.1 17.8 

Seattle............................................................. 23.6 26.9 20.4 26.3 23.2 28.3 18.1 19.6 14.5 14.8 8.2 2.6 

Washington, DC............................................................. 62.3 5.1 22.7 56.6 37.8 68.4 23.4 94.7 64.0 3.6 3.8 55.4 

National Panel............................................................. 40.1 38.5 43.8 40.4 38.4 36.2 37.4 43.3 36.8 33.4 46.6 46.3 

H1,H1,

98,99 98,99

Mid-Year 1999 Preliminary ED DAWN Data

* Estimates for this time period are preliminary. Final estimates will be produced later and may be higher or lower than preliminary estimates due to nonresponse adjustment and other factors.

NOTE: These estimates are based on a representative sample of non-Federal, short-stay hospitals with 24-hour emergency departments in the coterminous U.S.

p -value

H2,H1,

p -value

SOURCE: Office of Applied Studies, SAMHSA, Drug Abuse Warning Network, 1999 (10/1999 update).

Table RSE-13 [RSE-41] - Relative standard errors (RSEs) for the estimated number [rate] of emergency department 

methamphetamine/speed mentions [per 100,000 population], by metropolitan area by half year: Second half 1993 - first half 

1999
METHAMPHETAMINE/SPEED

Total Total Total Total Total Total Total Total

 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998

TOTAL U.S......................................... 16.2 23.0 20.3 28.0 27.0 21.4 26.5 25.5 

Atlanta................................................ 24.7 26.8 30.7 30.4 13.9 36.0 26.2 18.2 Baltimore............................................ 11.1 7.2 27.9 27.7 17.9 12.3 22.7 21.5 Boston................................................ 14.7 39.8 38.4 26.0 38.7 59.4 32.5 6.3 Buffalo................................................ 10.8 5.0 2.9 9.7 9.9 4.7 12.2 3.0 Chicago.............................................. 12.4 29.6 24.7 28.1 27.5 26.8 29.4 27.0 

Dallas................................................. 17.1 25.5 27.9 16.5 18.5 16.2 4.6 6.6 Denver................................................ 13.8 22.7 12.4 12.8 12.6 11.9 12.8 8.9 

Detroit................................................. 20.9 41.9 35.2 32.7 45.8 52.1 65.1 0.0 Los Angeles - Long Beach.................. 13.9 19.1 16.1 16.2 15.0 14.7 13.7 12.3 Miami - Hialeah................................... 3.4 4.5 7.4 2.6 2.5 9.5 5.3 4.8 

Minneapolis - St. Paul......................... 22.0 29.1 29.1 22.2 25.6 23.9 40.1 29.6 

New Orleans....................................... 6.0 14.0 6.7 21.7 5.9 38.8 9.5 3.1 New York............................................ 32.5 28.8 33.5 23.7 39.0 24.8 39.9 29.0 Newark............................................... 8.7 36.0 9.5 60.2 60.1 55.5 51.8 52.8 Philadelphia........................................ 27.5 30.3 22.3 18.0 11.8 31.6 42.1 26.1 Phoenix............................................... 12.1 11.9 19.2 13.0 13.7 15.0 14.4 20.5 St. Louis............................................. 19.3 20.0 20.7 21.4 17.6 33.2 22.9 38.4 San Diego........................................... 12.2 11.5 10.9 13.4 15.7 15.2 10.7 10.7 San Francisco..................................... 6.1 4.8 4.8 6.7 11.7 7.7 10.1 18.9 

Seattle................................................ 26.3 27.5 22.1 23.0 24.8 20.8 16.7 10.6 Washington, DC................................. 34.1 46.8 19.8 22.0 36.5 35.2 79.4 2.6 

National Panel.................................... 34.0 45.1 35.6 40.3 39.3 36.0 39.5 37.4 

Mid-Year 1999 Preliminary ED DAWN Data

SOURCE: Office of Applied Studies, SAMHSA, Drug Abuse Warning Network, 1999 (10/1999 update).NOTE: These estimates are based on a representative sample of non-Federal, short-stay hospitals with 24-hour emergency departments in the coterminous U.S.

p -value

1996,

1998

Table RSE-14 [RSE-42] - Relative standard errors (RSEs) for the estimated number [rate] of emergency department methamphetamine/speed mentions [per 100,000 population], by metropolitan area by year: 1991-1998

p -value

1997,

1998
TOTAL ED VISITS**

 Jul - Dec Jan - Jun Jul - Dec Jan - Jun Jul - Dec Jan - Jun Jul - Dec Jan - Jun Jul - Dec Jan - Jun Jul - Dec Jan - Jun

 1993 1994 1994 1995 1995 1996 1996 1997 1997 1998 1998 1999*

TOTAL U.S.............................................................. 0.9 0.5 0.5 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 

Atlanta............................................................. 0.8 0.0 0.0 3.5 3.7 3.3 3.6 3.5 3.5 2.0 2.0 1.2 

Baltimore............................................................. 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 

Boston............................................................. 0.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.3 1.3 3.4 

Buffalo............................................................. 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 

Chicago............................................................. 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 

Dallas............................................................. 0.0 0.0 0.0 6.7 6.9 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 

Denver............................................................. 1.9 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 

Detroit............................................................. 0.6 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 

Los Angeles - Long Beach............................................................. 1.5 0.5 0.5 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 

Miami - Hialeah............................................................. 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.5 0.5 0.0 0.0 0.7 

Minneapolis - St. Paul............................................................. 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 

New Orleans............................................................. 3.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 

New York............................................................. 1.3 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 

Newark............................................................. 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 

Philadelphia............................................................. 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 

Phoenix............................................................. 5.6 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 

St. Louis............................................................. 0.5 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 

San Diego............................................................. 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 

San Francisco............................................................. 0.6 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 

Seattle............................................................. 2.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 

Washington, DC............................................................. 1.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 

National Panel............................................................. 1.2 0.6 0.6 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 

p -value

98,99 98,99

Mid-Year 1999 Preliminary ED DAWN Data

Table RSE-15 [RSE-43] - Relative standard errors (RSEs) for the estimated number [rate] of total emergency department 

visits [per 100,000 population], by metropolitan area by half year: Second half 1993 - first half 1999

H1,H1,

SOURCE: Office of Applied Studies, SAMHSA, Drug Abuse Warning Network, 1999 (10/1999 update).

* Estimates for this time period are preliminary. Final estimates will be produced later and may be higher or lower than preliminary estimates due to nonresponse adjustment and other factors.

NOTE: These estimates are based on a representative sample of non-Federal, short-stay hospitals with 24-hour emergency departments in the coterminous U.S.

p -value

H2,H1,
TOTAL ED VISITS**

Total Total Total Total Total Total Total Total

 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998

TOTAL U.S............................. 0.7 0.9 0.9 0.5 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 

Atlanta.................................... 1.2 0.8 0.8 0.0 3.5 3.5 3.4 2.0 Baltimore................................ 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Boston.................................... 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.2 Buffalo.................................... 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Chicago.................................. 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 

Dallas..................................... 2.8 3.1 0.0 0.0 6.8 0.0 0.0 0.0 Denver.................................... 7.3 6.4 1.9 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 

Detroit..................................... 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Los Angeles - Long Beach...... 1.4 1.5 1.4 0.5 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Miami - Hialeah....................... 0.0 3.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.5 0.0 Minneapolis - St. Paul............. 0.0 1.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 New Orleans........................... 3.2 3.0 3.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 New York................................ 0.7 0.7 1.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Newark................................... 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Philadelphia............................ 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Phoenix.................................. 7.3 12.0 6.6 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 St. Louis................................. 0.5 1.8 0.4 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 San Diego............................... 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 San Francisco......................... 1.1 0.6 0.6 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Seattle.................................... 2.3 2.1 2.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Washington, DC..................... 1.2 1.2 1.6 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 

National Panel........................ 1.0 1.2 1.2 0.6 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 

Mid-Year 1999 Preliminary ED DAWN Data

Table RSE-16 [RSE-44] - Relative standard errors (RSEs) for the estimated number [rate] of total emergency department visits [per 100,000 population], by metropolitan area by year: 1991-1998

SOURCE: Office of Applied Studies, SAMHSA, Drug Abuse Warning Network, 1999 (10/1999 update).NOTE: These estimates are based on a representative sample of non-Federal, short-stay hospitals with 24-hour emergency departments in the coterminous U.S.

p -value

1997,

1998

p -value

1996,

1998
DRUG EPISODES

 Jul - Dec Jan - Jun Jul - Dec Jan - Jun Jul - Dec Jan - Jun Jul - Dec Jan - Jun Jul - Dec Jan - Jun Jul - Dec Jan - Jun

 1993 1994 1994 1995 1995 1996 1996 1997 1997 1998 1998 1999*

TOTAL U.S.***....................................................................... 5.3 5.3 5.7 5.2 5.2 4.6 4.6 5.5 5.6 5.6 5.9 5.5 

AGE

6-34....................................................................... 4.9 5.2 6.0 4.7 5.1 4.6 4.7 5.3 5.7 6.1 6.2 5.9 

12-17....................................................................... 7.0 8.0 6.7 6.2 6.1 7.1 6.2 6.8 7.9 9.1 8.8 8.2 

18-25....................................................................... 5.6 6.3 7.0 5.2 5.3 5.7 5.1 5.7 6.2 6.8 7.8 8.3 

26-34....................................................................... 5.4 5.6 7.0 6.0 6.1 5.4 6.1 6.8 6.7 6.8 6.5 6.0 

35+....................................................................... 6.5 6.3 6.3 6.6 6.1 5.6 5.5 6.5 6.2 5.7 6.0 5.9 

GENDER

Male....................................................................... 6.1 5.9 6.8 6.2 6.2 4.6 5.6 6.2 6.2 6.2 6.6 6.5 

Female....................................................................... 5.2 5.6 5.3 5.0 5.1 5.4 4.5 5.6 5.7 5.6 5.9 5.5 

RACE/ETHNICITY

White....................................................................... 7.5 7.8 7.8 7.2 7.4 7.3 7.0 7.9 8.3 7.8 8.6 8.5 

Black....................................................................... 8.4 9.6 11.4 9.7 10.2 7.2 8.7 10.3 10.0 10.7 9.0 7.8 

Hispanic....................................................................... 13.4 13.3 13.4 15.5 13.2 19.9 21.1 21.1 19.4 31.9 25.8 30.4 

Other race....................................................................... 15.0 15.2 15.9 17.1 12.2 15.4 13.4 14.1 12.9 15.5 15.8 18.0 

Race unknown....................................................................... 14.9 18.3 16.3 16.9 16.0 13.6 11.4 13.4 14.0 15.8 11.4 11.2 

FACILITY LOCATION

Central city....................................................................... 5.6 5.6 4.6 5.1 4.8 4.7 4.5 4.5 4.4 4.3 3.9 4.2 

Outside central city....................................................................... 5.7 5.8 6.2 6.3 6.4 6.3 5.9 5.7 5.7 6.2 6.6 6.4 

National Panel....................................................................... 10.1 9.5 10.6 9.4 9.6 8.5 8.3 9.8 10.1 9.9 10.5 9.8 

DRUG USE MOTIVE

Recreational use....................................................................... 8.3 9.8 9.0 9.4 9.2 8.3 10.1 8.8 11.0 11.2 12.2 10.4 

Dependence....................................................................... 8.2 9.2 10.7 9.9 10.0 7.5 7.7 10.6 11.1 10.1 9.9 10.4 

Suicide....................................................................... 6.8 6.2 6.2 6.0 5.8 6.4 6.1 7.0 6.9 6.9 8.5 7.1 

Other/unknown motive....................................................................... 10.1 11.6 9.9 8.4 7.7 7.9 9.0 8.3 6.5 7.3 7.2 10.6 

REASONS FOR ED CONTACT

Unexpected reaction....................................................................... 7.2 7.7 8.3 7.7 6.6 7.9 8.4 9.5 9.3 8.7 8.6 9.0 

Overdose....................................................................... 6.6 6.0 5.7 5.3 5.1 5.8 5.2 5.8 5.4 6.2 6.5 6.3 

Chronic effects....................................................................... 8.9 9.7 8.5 9.2 8.8 8.8 9.3 8.7 9.5 7.3 6.9 11.0 

Seeking detox........................................................................ 18.8 20.7 26.3 24.2 23.5 15.8 17.9 24.2 24.4 21.2 20.8 20.7 

Withdrawal....................................................................... 16.3 19.5 18.5 20.4 16.8 14.4 14.8 13.7 13.7 13.6 15.6 14.6 

Other/unknown reason....................................................................... 8.8 7.9 7.7 8.2 7.2 7.4 7.3 8.0 8.3 10.3 12.8 12.8 

H2,H1,

p -value

98,99 98,99

Mid-Year 1999 Preliminary ED DAWN Data

H1,H1,

p -value

SOURCE: Office of Applied Studies, SAMHSA, Drug Abuse Warning Network, 1999 (10/1999 update).

Table RSE-17 - Relative standard errors (RSEs) for the estimated number of emergency department drug episodes, by age, 

gender, race/ethnicity, hospital location, drug use motive, and reason for emergency department contact: Second half 1993 

- first half 1999

* Estimates for this time period are preliminary. Final estimates will be produced later and may be higher or lower than preliminary estimates due to nonresponse adjustment and other factors.

NOTE: These estimates are based on a representative sample of non-Federal, short-stay hospitals with 24-hour emergency departments in the coterminous U.S.
DRUG EPISODES

Total Total Total Total Total Total Total Total

 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998

TOTAL U.S.***............................. 4.9 5.5 5.1 5.4 5.1 4.5 5.5 5.6 

AGE

6-34......................................... 5.2 5.3 4.8 5.5 4.8 4.5 5.4 5.9 12-17....................................... 6.8 7.1 6.6 6.8 5.8 6.4 7.0 8.4 18-25....................................... 5.6 5.7 5.6 6.3 5.1 5.2 5.8 7.0 26-34....................................... 5.9 5.9 5.2 6.1 5.9 5.4 6.6 6.4 35+.......................................... 5.3 6.4 6.1 6.2 6.2 5.4 6.3 5.6 

GENDER

Male......................................... 5.4 5.9 5.6 6.2 6.1 4.9 6.1 6.2 Female..................................... 5.2 5.5 5.3 5.3 4.9 4.8 5.5 5.5 

RACE/ETHNICITY

White....................................... 6.7 7.6 7.0 7.7 7.2 7.0 8.0 7.8 Black........................................ 8.8 9.3 8.8 10.3 9.8 7.5 10.0 9.7 Hispanic................................... 8.7 11.9 13.2 13.2 14.2 20.2 20.2 28.8 Other race................................ 13.6 11.4 17.7 13.0 13.5 13.8 12.8 14.1 

Race unknown......................... 14.7 15.6 15.9 16.2 16.1 12.1 13.4 12.8 

FACILITY LOCATION

Central city............................... 5.1 5.4 5.6 4.9 4.9 4.5 4.4 3.9 

Outside central city.................. 5.1 5.0 5.7 5.9 6.3 6.0 5.6 6.3 National Panel......................... 9.3 10.6 9.5 9.9 9.3 8.2 9.9 9.8 

DRUG USE MOTIVE

Recreational use...................... 9.4 8.8 8.3 8.7 8.8 8.5 9.5 11.3 Dependence............................ 7.6 8.0 8.2 9.8 9.8 7.2 10.7 9.8 Suicide..................................... 6.6 7.0 6.6 6.1 5.8 6.1 6.9 7.3 Other/unknown motive............. 7.2 8.6 9.7 10.3 7.9 8.0 7.0 7.0 

REASONS FOR ED CONTACT

Unexpected reaction................ 7.3 6.7 6.7 7.7 6.8 7.7 9.1 8.3 Overdose................................. 5.8 6.1 6.2 5.7 5.0 5.4 5.5 6.2 Chronic effects......................... 8.0 8.1 9.2 8.8 8.9 8.7 8.5 6.9 Seeking detox.......................... 16.7 17.9 18.5 23.1 23.7 15.3 24.0 20.5 

Withdrawal............................... 20.4 23.1 13.1 18.4 18.3 14.0 13.3 14.1 Other/unknown reason............. 7.7 8.4 8.3 7.4 7.4 6.8 7.9 10.8 

the coterminous U.S.

Mid-Year 1999 Preliminary ED DAWN Data

p -value

1996,

1998

Table RSE-18 - Relative standard errors (RSEs) for the estimated number of emergency department drug episodes, by age, gender, race/ethnicity, hospital location, drug use motive, and reason for emergency department contact: 1991-1998

p -value

1997,

1998

SOURCE: Office of Applied Studies, SAMHSA, Drug Abuse Warning Network, 1999 (10/1999 update).NOTE: These estimates are based on a representative sample of non-Federal, short-stay hospitals with 24-hour emergency departments in
DRUG MENTIONS

 Jul - Dec Jan - Jun Jul - Dec Jan - Jun Jul - Dec Jan - Jun Jul - Dec Jan - Jun Jul - Dec Jan - Jun Jul - Dec Jan - Jun

 1993 1994 1994 1995 1995 1996 1996 1997 1997 1998 1998 1999*

TOTAL U.S.***....................................................................... 5.3 5.4 5.7 5.4 5.2 4.8 4.8 5.8 6.3 6.1 6.3 5.6 

AGE

6-34....................................................................... 5.0 5.3 6.3 5.0 5.4 5.0 5.2 5.7 6.4 6.8 6.7 6.1 

12-17....................................................................... 8.0 8.6 6.5 6.5 7.1 7.6 7.4 7.8 9.6 9.5 9.7 8.5 

18-25....................................................................... 5.8 6.6 7.5 5.6 5.5 6.1 6.0 6.3 6.9 7.9 8.1 8.1 

26-34....................................................................... 5.3 5.6 7.2 6.4 6.5 5.9 6.6 6.8 7.2 7.4 7.1 6.3 

35+....................................................................... 6.6 6.5 6.2 6.8 6.0 5.7 5.2 6.9 7.0 6.2 6.4 6.1 

GENDER

Male....................................................................... 5.8 6.0 7.0 6.6 6.1 4.8 5.8 6.5 7.3 6.7 7.3 6.6 

Female....................................................................... 5.8 5.6 5.2 5.1 5.2 5.7 4.5 6.1 6.1 6.3 6.2 5.8 

RACE/ETHNICITY

White....................................................................... 7.5 7.8 7.8 6.9 7.1 7.4 7.4 8.4 9.1 8.6 8.9 8.5 

Black....................................................................... 8.5 10.1 11.6 10.6 10.1 7.5 8.7 10.0 10.5 10.7 8.8 8.4 

Hispanic....................................................................... 13.5 13.3 13.1 15.5 12.5 20.6 22.6 22.3 21.6 35.4 28.8 31.9 

Other race....................................................................... 18.2 16.1 15.8 16.0 13.5 18.9 16.4 13.5 14.3 17.5 20.3 18.1 

Race unknown....................................................................... 16.3 18.7 17.2 17.4 16.8 14.5 11.7 12.4 13.6 15.8 11.9 11.5 

FACILITY LOCATION

Central city....................................................................... 5.5 5.7 4.5 5.3 4.9 5.0 4.9 4.7 4.5 4.4 4.1 4.6 

Outside central city....................................................................... 6.0 6.5 6.7 6.9 7.1 7.1 6.3 6.0 5.9 6.6 7.1 6.9 

National Panel....................................................................... 9.9 9.4 10.6 9.6 9.4 8.7 8.5 10.3 11.3 10.6 10.9 9.7 

DRUG USE MOTIVE

Recreational use....................................................................... 8.9 10.1 9.0 9.6 9.7 8.7 10.4 9.6 11.3 11.4 12.5 11.4 

Dependence....................................................................... 7.8 9.5 11.1 11.1 10.2 7.8 8.1 11.0 12.7 10.9 10.3 10.7 

Suicide....................................................................... 7.2 6.7 6.4 6.1 6.1 6.9 6.5 7.3 7.5 7.6 9.1 7.7 

Other/unknown motive....................................................................... 10.2 11.4 10.1 8.7 8.0 8.1 9.5 8.3 6.9 7.3 7.1 10.9 

REASONS FOR ED CONTACT

Unexpected reaction....................................................................... 7.1 7.7 7.8 7.9 6.7 8.3 7.9 9.4 8.8 9.0 8.2 10.0 

Overdose....................................................................... 6.9 6.4 5.9 5.3 5.3 5.9 5.5 6.2 6.1 6.9 7.1 6.6 

Chronic effects....................................................................... 7.9 10.1 8.3 9.7 9.4 9.8 9.7 9.5 9.5 8.0 7.6 11.0 

Seeking detox........................................................................ 17.0 20.5 26.6 26.4 23.2 15.6 17.8 24.1 25.3 21.8 20.0 20.6 

Withdrawal....................................................................... 16.2 18.7 17.0 19.2 14.9 14.1 14.8 13.5 12.5 12.4 15.8 13.9 

Other/unknown reason....................................................................... 9.2 8.3 7.7 8.4 7.7 7.8 8.0 8.1 8.4 10.7 12.9 12.9 

Mid-Year 1999 Preliminary ED DAWN Data

SOURCE: Office of Applied Studies, SAMHSA, Drug Abuse Warning Network, 1999 (10/1999 update).

* Estimates for this time period are preliminary. Final estimates will be produced later and may be higher or lower than preliminary estimates due to nonresponse adjustment and other factors.

NOTE: These estimates are based on a representative sample of non-Federal, short-stay hospitals with 24-hour emergency departments in the coterminous U.S.

Table RSE-19 - Relative standard errors (RSEs) for the estimated number of emergency department drug mentions, by age, 

gender, race/ethnicity, hospital location, drug use motive, and reason for emergency department contact: Second half 1993 - 

first half 1999

p -value

98,99 98,99

H2,H1,

p -value

H1,H1,
DRUG MENTIONS

Total Total Total Total Total Total Total Total

 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998

TOTAL U.S.***............................. 5.2 5.6 5.2 5.5 5.2 4.6 6.0 6.0 

AGE

6-34......................................... 5.5 5.5 4.9 5.7 5.1 4.9 6.0 6.5 12-17....................................... 7.2 7.6 7.1 7.0 6.3 7.2 8.3 9.1 18-25....................................... 5.7 5.9 5.7 6.7 5.4 5.8 6.5 7.6 26-34....................................... 6.5 6.0 5.4 6.2 6.3 5.8 6.9 7.0 35+.......................................... 5.6 6.4 6.1 6.2 6.1 5.3 6.9 6.0 

GENDER

Male......................................... 5.6 5.8 5.4 6.4 6.3 5.1 6.8 6.7 Female..................................... 5.7 5.9 5.6 5.3 5.0 5.0 6.0 6.0 

RACE/ETHNICITY

White....................................... 7.0 7.6 6.9 7.6 6.9 7.3 8.7 8.3 Black........................................ 9.3 9.4 9.1 10.7 10.3 7.7 10.2 9.6 Hispanic................................... 8.6 12.7 13.7 13.1 13.8 21.3 21.9 32.1 Other race................................ 16.5 12.1 19.5 13.9 14.0 16.4 13.2 15.9 

Race unknown......................... 14.8 15.4 17.0 16.5 16.8 12.7 12.6 12.9 

FACILITY LOCATION

Central city............................... 5.0 5.3 5.5 4.9 5.0 4.8 4.5 4.1 

Outside central city.................. 5.6 5.4 6.0 6.5 6.9 6.5 5.9 6.7 National Panel......................... 9.7 10.8 9.5 9.9 9.4 8.3 10.7 10.4 

DRUG USE MOTIVE

Recreational use...................... 8.7 8.7 8.5 8.8 9.1 8.9 10.0 11.5 Dependence............................ 7.7 7.5 7.9 10.0 10.5 7.5 11.7 10.3 Suicide..................................... 7.1 7.4 6.9 6.4 5.9 6.5 7.3 7.9 Other/unknown motive............. 7.5 9.0 9.5 10.3 8.1 8.3 7.0 6.9 

REASONS FOR ED CONTACT

Unexpected reaction................ 7.3 6.6 6.7 7.4 7.0 7.6 8.8 8.1 Overdose................................. 6.3 6.6 6.5 6.0 5.2 5.6 6.1 6.8 Chronic effects......................... 7.8 7.8 8.3 8.6 9.3 9.5 9.0 7.5 Seeking detox.......................... 15.4 15.5 17.2 23.2 24.7 15.2 24.6 20.3 

Withdrawal............................... 19.5 20.7 12.7 16.7 16.8 13.9 12.3 13.2 Other/unknown reason............. 8.3 9.6 8.8 7.7 7.7 7.4 8.0 11.1 

Mid-Year 1999 Preliminary ED DAWN Data

p -value

1996,

1998

Table RSE-20 - Relative standard errors (RSEs) for the estimated number of emergency department drug mentions, by age, gender, race/ethnicity, hospital location, drug use motive, and reason for emergency department contact: 1991-1998

p -value

1997,

1998

SOURCE: Office of Applied Studies, SAMHSA, Drug Abuse Warning Network, 1999 (10/1999 update).NOTE: These estimates are based on a representative sample of non-Federal, short-stay hospitals with 24-hour emergency departments in the coterminous U.S. 
COCAINE

 Jul - Dec Jan - Jun Jul - Dec Jan - Jun Jul - Dec Jan - Jun Jul - Dec Jan - Jun Jul - Dec Jan - Jun Jul - Dec Jan - Jun

 1993 1994 1994 1995 1995 1996 1996 1997 1997 1998 1998 1999*

TOTAL U.S.***....................................................................... 7.4 9.1 11.5 9.6 10.2 7.5 8.5 10.5 11.6 10.7 9.8 8.8 

AGE

6-34....................................................................... 7.0 10.3 13.5 10.7 11.3 8.1 9.8 10.9 12.2 11.8 10.9 10.2 

12-17....................................................................... 17.0 18.9 14.5 17.3 15.1 15.1 25.4 21.6 25.5 34.2 24.7 22.2 

18-25....................................................................... 9.9 14.3 18.5 11.5 11.6 9.7 12.2 13.7 13.1 15.4 12.3 13.9 

26-34....................................................................... 6.6 9.4 12.1 10.9 11.6 8.3 10.0 11.2 12.9 12.0 11.5 9.4 

35+....................................................................... 8.5 8.2 9.0 8.6 9.3 7.4 8.2 10.6 11.4 10.2 9.1 8.4 

GENDER

Male....................................................................... 8.0 9.6 12.0 10.2 10.9 7.5 8.9 11.0 11.7 11.2 10.2 9.2 

Female....................................................................... 7.1 8.6 10.8 9.1 9.4 8.7 8.1 10.0 12.1 10.2 9.5 8.9 

RACE/ETHNICITY

White....................................................................... 9.9 10.8 12.8 10.0 13.6 12.3 11.4 14.2 17.1 12.0 10.6 11.1 

Black....................................................................... 9.7 12.9 15.5 13.2 12.6 9.5 10.5 12.8 13.5 13.0 12.5 9.9 

Hispanic....................................................................... 14.2 12.9 9.6 9.4 9.3 17.7 27.9 30.2 23.0 41.4 37.6 38.5 

Other race....................................................................... 21.6 25.9 21.3 9.7 10.7 30.9 18.0 20.7 15.9 16.3 28.1 20.6 

Race unknown....................................................................... 17.6 22.3 17.5 16.1 14.9 14.4 13.0 13.7 12.9 12.2 16.0 12.4 

FACILITY LOCATION

Central city....................................................................... 7.1 7.4 5.6 6.7 6.5 6.7 5.9 5.8 5.6 5.7 5.4 5.5 

Outside central city....................................................................... 11.1 10.9 11.5 11.9 12.1 12.1 10.4 10.0 9.8 10.6 11.1 11.0 

National Panel....................................................................... 24.6 27.2 36.6 32.2 36.0 23.1 23.4 26.6 27.9 26.5 24.4 21.1 

DRUG USE MOTIVE

Recreational use....................................................................... 11.0 10.7 8.4 12.9 12.5 10.1 16.6 14.8 19.9 21.2 21.0 16.5 

Dependence....................................................................... 9.4 12.1 14.3 13.8 14.2 9.8 9.7 13.9 16.3 13.9 13.1 11.4 

Suicide....................................................................... 9.9 9.2 9.5 10.6 10.0 13.2 12.8 10.7 11.8 13.5 14.6 11.2 

Other/unknown motive....................................................................... 12.4 14.8 13.6 15.9 12.8 14.7 11.6 13.7 11.4 12.4 10.0 15.2 

REASONS FOR ED CONTACT

Unexpected reaction....................................................................... 7.0 8.4 8.3 6.7 6.6 12.2 9.6 11.9 12.4 13.3 11.5 11.3 

Overdose....................................................................... 8.8 9.5 9.5 7.9 9.0 9.7 15.1 17.0 10.9 12.8 12.5 10.6 

Chronic effects....................................................................... 9.4 11.3 9.3 11.8 11.4 11.5 11.2 11.4 9.7 8.2 8.5 9.4 

Seeking detox........................................................................ 20.6 25.0 30.5 29.8 28.9 17.3 20.9 27.1 28.7 25.2 24.7 20.7 

Withdrawal....................................................................... 15.6 15.2 17.6 18.8 15.5 18.6 17.4 13.6 12.7 11.6 16.1 17.0 

Other/unknown reason....................................................................... 11.6 8.7 6.8 9.4 8.0 6.5 10.1 10.1 11.3 14.4 13.8 18.0 

SOURCE: Office of Applied Studies, SAMHSA, Drug Abuse Warning Network, 1999 (10/1999 update).

98,99 98,99

Mid-Year 1999 Preliminary ED DAWN Data

Table RSE-21 - Relative standard errors (RSEs) for the estimated number of emergency department cocaine mentions, by 

age, gender, race/ethnicity, hospital location, drug use motive, and reason for emergency department contact: Second half 

1993 - first half 1999

H1,H1,

* Estimates for this time period are preliminary. Final estimates will be produced later and may be higher or lower than preliminary estimates due to nonresponse adjustment and other factors.

NOTE: These estimates are based on a representative sample of non-Federal, short-stay hospitals with 24-hour emergency departments in the coterminous U.S.

p -value

H2,H1,

p -value
COCAINE

Total Total Total Total Total Total Total Total

 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998

TOTAL U.S.***............................. 7.6 7.5 7.7 10.1 9.8 7.6 11.0 10.1 

AGE

6-34......................................... 8.0 7.9 7.9 11.7 10.9 8.3 11.4 11.2 12-17....................................... 14.7 16.4 13.4 14.5 14.2 16.6 22.0 28.9 18-25....................................... 9.2 8.6 10.4 16.1 11.3 10.6 13.1 13.2 26-34....................................... 7.9 7.9 7.5 10.5 11.1 8.3 11.9 11.6 35+.......................................... 7.4 7.4 8.0 8.3 8.8 7.5 10.9 9.4 

GENDER

Male......................................... 7.8 7.3 7.8 10.6 10.5 7.7 11.3 10.5 Female..................................... 7.9 8.2 8.0 9.4 9.1 7.8 11.0 9.6 

RACE/ETHNICITY

White....................................... 10.6 10.4 9.3 11.4 11.6 10.9 15.6 10.8 Black........................................ 9.0 10.1 10.3 14.0 12.8 9.4 13.1 12.6 Hispanic................................... 7.9 9.7 11.9 11.1 8.7 23.0 26.6 39.5 Other race................................ 15.3 7.8 14.1 18.1 9.4 19.5 13.4 16.3 

Race unknown......................... 20.1 17.0 19.1 18.0 15.2 13.2 12.9 13.1 

FACILITY LOCATION

Central city............................... 5.4 6.2 7.3 6.2 6.5 6.1 5.6 5.4 

Outside central city.................. 11.2 9.7 11.0 11.0 11.9 11.0 9.8 10.7 National Panel......................... 29.3 28.2 25.3 31.5 33.8 21.9 27.1 25.1 

DRUG USE MOTIVE

Recreational use...................... 12.1 10.0 8.9 8.4 11.7 12.5 17.0 20.8 

Dependence............................ 8.5 8.6 9.8 12.9 13.9 9.0 15.0 13.3 Suicide..................................... 11.3 9.9 9.7 8.4 9.5 12.5 10.6 12.5 Other/unknown motive............. 10.3 11.5 12.7 12.5 14.2 12.5 11.7 10.7 

REASONS FOR ED CONTACT

Unexpected reaction................ 9.0 7.0 7.3 7.9 6.3 10.4 11.9 12.1 Overdose................................. 9.7 8.3 8.8 8.8 7.8 12.1 13.5 12.1 Chronic effects......................... 7.9 8.0 9.6 9.6 11.5 11.0 10.2 8.2 

Seeking detox.......................... 14.4 16.8 20.5 27.6 29.3 17.2 27.7 24.4 

Withdrawal............................... 25.9 18.0 13.7 13.9 16.2 15.7 11.8 12.2 Other/unknown reason............. 9.2 10.8 10.7 7.0 8.3 7.5 10.4 13.7 

the coterminous U.S.

Mid-Year 1999 Preliminary ED DAWN Data

SOURCE: Office of Applied Studies, SAMHSA, Drug Abuse Warning Network, 1999 (10/1999 update).NOTE: These estimates are based on a representative sample of non-Federal, short-stay hospitals with 24-hour emergency departments in 

p -value

1996,

1998

Table RSE-22 - Relative standard errors (RSEs) for the estimated number of emergency department cocaine mentions, by age, gender, race/ethnicity, hospital location, drug use motive, and reason for emergency department contact: 1991-1998

p -value

1997,

1998
HEROIN/MORPHINE

 Jul - Dec Jan - Jun Jul - Dec Jan - Jun Jul - Dec Jan - Jun Jul - Dec Jan - Jun Jul - Dec Jan - Jun Jul - Dec Jan - Jun

 1993 1994 1994 1995 1995 1996 1996 1997 1997 1998 1998 1999*

TOTAL U.S.***....................................................................... 9.6 9.6 8.9 9.7 9.2 7.9 7.6 9.1 9.2 9.6 10.6 13.6 

AGE

6-34....................................................................... 10.5 10.3 11.1 10.8 11.1 9.2 8.6 12.4 13.8 12.7 14.4 20.6 

12-17....................................................................... 37.7 54.9 29.7 40.6 33.5 27.8 24.0 37.9 41.5 37.8 27.3 26.4 

18-25....................................................................... 11.7 12.7 15.6 11.9 15.2 12.3 14.2 15.2 18.3 15.7 24.8 33.1 

26-34....................................................................... 10.6 9.5 10.2 11.7 9.9 8.8 8.5 11.3 11.0 12.2 9.3 11.6 

35+....................................................................... 9.6 10.7 8.2 9.7 9.0 9.0 8.6 7.8 7.2 8.5 8.7 9.2 

GENDER

Male....................................................................... 10.5 9.6 9.6 10.3 9.8 8.1 7.8 9.2 8.2 10.1 10.7 14.9 

Female....................................................................... 8.3 12.0 8.6 9.6 9.1 7.9 9.0 9.8 12.2 10.1 11.2 11.3 

RACE/ETHNICITY

White....................................................................... 15.7 16.5 13.5 16.7 15.0 11.8 11.5 16.5 19.8 16.6 20.3 27.7 

Black....................................................................... 11.4 12.5 11.0 12.5 11.7 9.4 9.4 11.0 9.6 12.8 8.1 9.3 

Hispanic....................................................................... 17.7 14.9 12.9 13.9 15.7 16.4 20.3 10.8 14.6 18.4 18.6 21.7 

Other race....................................................................... 34.3 14.5 8.7 25.3 9.4 46.6 9.9 34.8 19.9 36.0 24.9 8.1 

Race unknown....................................................................... 17.5 17.1 15.3 15.7 15.4 15.2 14.1 15.3 13.9 15.7 9.7 10.5 

FACILITY LOCATION

Central city....................................................................... 8.8 9.0 6.5 7.3 6.9 6.8 6.6 6.7 6.6 7.1 6.5 6.8 

Outside central city....................................................................... 15.3 16.6 16.0 17.7 18.8 20.5 12.5 9.2 8.6 8.4 8.8 10.1 

National Panel....................................................................... 29.4 31.0 32.0 29.8 30.3 26.7 23.3 30.1 31.8 29.3 35.4 43.4 

DRUG USE MOTIVE

Recreational use....................................................................... 18.0 16.3 25.5 21.8 21.9 19.5 20.2 14.2 15.0 22.2 13.5 13.2 

Dependence....................................................................... 10.9 10.9 10.1 11.1 10.6 9.1 8.7 10.4 10.5 10.8 12.1 16.0 

Suicide....................................................................... 13.7 12.2 12.6 11.0 15.2 12.0 13.9 12.3 17.2 12.8 17.3 13.6 

Other/unknown motive....................................................................... 16.3 12.7 9.9 10.7 11.9 8.6 9.4 9.4 9.1 10.0 7.4 8.7 

REASONS FOR ED CONTACT

Unexpected reaction....................................................................... 8.7 7.2 7.7 6.4 8.0 11.1 8.3 8.0 7.9 8.4 7.8 6.9 

Overdose....................................................................... 15.0 10.3 10.5 14.5 12.8 11.9 10.0 11.5 9.5 12.2 10.0 10.1 

Chronic effects....................................................................... 9.1 9.2 8.7 9.2 8.8 9.5 10.9 8.6 9.0 8.0 7.5 7.8 

Seeking detox........................................................................ 27.9 26.8 26.5 24.8 25.0 20.3 16.4 21.4 23.2 23.8 28.1 34.0 

Withdrawal....................................................................... 16.4 18.3 17.6 23.0 17.8 13.6 12.4 13.9 8.2 13.3 8.8 13.2 

Other/unknown reason....................................................................... 16.4 9.8 10.3 13.0 9.8 7.7 8.4 11.0 10.0 14.6 10.7 15.3 

SOURCE: Office of Applied Studies, SAMHSA, Drug Abuse Warning Network, 1999 (10/1999 update).

98,99 98,99

Mid-Year 1999 Preliminary ED DAWN Data

H2,H1,

p -value

H1,H1,

p -value

* Estimates for this time period are preliminary. Final estimates will be produced later and may be higher or lower than preliminary estimates due to nonresponse adjustment and other factors.

Table RSE-23 - Relative standard errors (RSEs) for the estimated number of emergency department heroin/morphine 

mentions, by age, gender, race/ethnicity, hospital location, drug use motive, and reason for emergency department contact: 

Second half 1993 - first half 1999

NOTE: These estimates are based on a representative sample of non-Federal, short-stay hospitals with 24-hour emergency departments in the coterminous U.S.
HEROIN/MORPHINE

Total Total Total Total Total Total Total Total

 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998

TOTAL U.S.***............................. 7.9 8.3 9.3 8.9 9.2 7.4 8.9 9.8 

AGE

6-34......................................... 8.4 7.8 9.8 10.4 10.6 8.1 12.6 13.1 12-17....................................... 34.9 32.0 37.8 30.5 33.1 18.1 36.2 24.2 18-25....................................... 10.3 8.9 10.7 13.7 13.3 12.1 15.6 19.8 26-34....................................... 8.3 7.9 10.1 9.6 10.2 7.6 10.7 10.6 35+.......................................... 8.3 9.3 9.6 9.0 9.1 8.6 7.3 8.4 

GENDER

Male......................................... 7.3 8.8 9.8 9.3 9.9 7.6 8.4 10.1 Female..................................... 9.6 7.3 8.9 9.7 9.2 7.9 10.6 10.3 

RACE/ETHNICITY

White....................................... 12.4 13.1 13.9 14.1 15.4 11.0 17.6 18.2 Black........................................ 9.9 8.4 11.6 11.5 12.1 9.0 10.1 9.9 Hispanic................................... 12.9 15.0 17.0 13.2 14.6 17.5 12.0 18.2 

Other race................................ 11.8 24.6 48.7 10.2 16.3 28.5 24.3 25.3 Race unknown......................... 18.5 12.7 17.0 15.8 15.2 14.2 14.3 11.0 

FACILITY LOCATION

Central city............................... 6.4 6.3 8.2 7.4 7.0 6.5 6.5 6.6 

Outside central city.................. 14.5 11.2 15.0 16.2 18.2 16.3 8.7 8.2 National Panel......................... 34.4 31.1 28.5 30.5 29.4 23.8 29.9 31.3 

DRUG USE MOTIVE

Recreational use...................... 16.0 18.4 20.6 19.9 21.5 17.7 13.9 16.5 

Dependence............................ 8.6 8.6 10.2 10.1 10.6 8.6 10.1 11.1 Suicide..................................... 10.8 10.9 12.9 8.9 11.3 11.9 12.2 12.2 Other/unknown motive............. 12.7 13.1 16.3 10.6 10.5 8.3 8.2 7.7 

REASONS FOR ED CONTACT

Unexpected reaction................ 9.3 7.5 10.3 6.8 6.7 8.1 7.1 7.2 Overdose................................. 8.3 14.4 13.6 9.9 13.2 10.6 9.9 10.7 Chronic effects......................... 9.4 10.3 9.6 8.6 8.8 10.0 8.5 7.5 

Seeking detox.......................... 16.7 16.3 24.6 25.5 24.5 17.2 21.4 25.4 

Withdrawal............................... 24.8 18.9 14.9 17.4 20.0 12.4 10.0 10.4 Other/unknown reason............. 8.2 12.0 13.0 9.4 9.9 7.2 9.7 11.6 

the coterminous U.S.

Mid-Year 1999 Preliminary ED DAWN Data

Table RSE-24 - Relative standard errors (RSEs) for the estimated number of emergency department heroin/morphine mentions, by age, gender, race/ethnicity, hospital location, drug use motive, and reason for emergency department contact: 1991-1998

p -value

1997,

1998

p -value

1996,

1998

SOURCE: Office of Applied Studies, SAMHSA, Drug Abuse Warning Network, 1999 (10/1999 update).NOTE: These estimates are based on a representative sample of non-Federal, short-stay hospitals with 24-hour emergency departments in 
MARIJUANA/HASHISH

 Jul - Dec Jan - Jun Jul - Dec Jan - Jun Jul - Dec Jan - Jun Jul - Dec Jan - Jun Jul - Dec Jan - Jun Jul - Dec Jan - Jun

 1993 1994 1994 1995 1995 1996 1996 1997 1997 1998 1998 1999*

TOTAL U.S.***....................................................................... 8.1 9.5 9.6 10.3 9.9 8.4 8.3 9.5 9.8 9.1 11.3 10.9 

AGE

6-34....................................................................... 8.2 10.3 10.0 10.6 11.2 9.1 8.8 9.3 10.5 9.6 11.3 11.2 

12-17....................................................................... 14.2 16.2 11.4 12.4 14.1 15.2 11.9 12.7 14.7 13.8 13.2 14.0 

18-25....................................................................... 10.7 13.8 12.8 12.4 11.6 7.9 9.7 10.7 11.5 10.3 12.7 12.7 

26-34....................................................................... 8.8 10.3 11.9 12.2 13.5 11.5 10.2 10.4 12.5 11.7 11.5 12.2 

35+....................................................................... 10.0 10.9 9.8 11.5 8.0 9.3 8.1 11.7 10.0 10.1 12.6 12.1 

GENDER

Male....................................................................... 8.6 9.6 11.1 10.6 10.8 7.4 8.5 9.3 9.0 9.2 11.1 11.4 

Female....................................................................... 10.8 11.3 8.4 10.7 10.6 12.9 10.6 11.2 12.5 9.3 13.2 11.8 

RACE/ETHNICITY

White....................................................................... 12.4 12.9 12.0 13.0 13.6 13.3 13.7 14.5 14.7 13.0 17.3 17.7 

Black....................................................................... 10.5 14.6 16.4 15.0 14.2 9.3 10.2 11.9 13.1 10.9 8.9 10.2 

Hispanic....................................................................... 14.2 18.8 9.9 15.9 11.0 31.6 35.9 31.9 22.7 41.8 31.3 34.5 

Other race....................................................................... 40.9 39.0 17.1 12.9 28.5 11.7 27.9 25.4 15.9 11.0 32.9 23.7 

Race unknown....................................................................... 26.5 26.1 15.1 17.3 15.6 13.9 15.0 16.6 18.1 17.5 14.4 15.0 

FACILITY LOCATION

Central city....................................................................... 7.8 7.8 5.7 7.1 6.1 6.4 6.2 5.7 5.3 5.4 7.2 9.5 

Outside central city....................................................................... 15.3 13.3 12.9 12.5 12.9 11.4 11.2 10.6 10.5 11.0 11.2 10.8 

National Panel....................................................................... 18.4 22.5 24.2 25.6 28.2 21.0 17.6 20.0 21.8 19.3 22.9 22.3 

DRUG USE MOTIVE

Recreational use....................................................................... 10.6 14.1 10.7 12.3 11.5 11.8 11.5 12.7 14.1 14.3 13.4 12.9 

Dependence....................................................................... 11.9 15.8 18.4 17.2 16.3 11.4 10.3 13.9 16.6 11.8 13.7 13.9 

Suicide....................................................................... 14.0 12.6 13.2 20.7 11.4 18.2 14.8 13.5 15.0 12.8 25.4 14.7 

Other/unknown motive....................................................................... 15.6 16.7 13.9 14.4 12.4 11.8 14.6 12.9 13.4 13.6 14.5 19.2 

REASONS FOR ED CONTACT

Unexpected reaction....................................................................... 9.9 10.5 8.4 9.9 9.2 11.7 9.8 13.1 11.9 13.3 11.3 16.7 

Overdose....................................................................... 13.6 13.9 12.9 11.9 9.7 14.6 14.3 13.3 13.2 12.8 14.6 13.2 

Chronic effects....................................................................... 7.0 14.7 11.2 14.6 13.2 13.5 14.3 12.3 10.6 9.7 10.3 13.7 

Seeking detox........................................................................ 24.6 31.7 37.1 39.5 34.6 18.8 18.7 28.2 29.6 21.8 22.1 24.6 

Withdrawal....................................................................... 31.2 35.3 28.5 14.2 31.8 27.6 31.1 27.5 23.8 22.6 49.2 24.3 

Other/unknown reason....................................................................... 13.9 12.3 11.5 12.1 10.9 9.7 11.8 11.4 12.6 13.9 18.0 15.6 

Mid-Year 1999 Preliminary ED DAWN Data

Table RSE-25 - Relative standard errors (RSEs) for the estimated number of emergency department marijuana/hashish 

mentions, by age, gender, race/ethnicity, hospital location, drug use motive, and reason for emergency department contact: 

Second half 1993 - first half 1999

H1,H1,

* Estimates for this time period are preliminary. Final estimates will be produced later and may be higher or lower than preliminary estimates due to nonresponse adjustment and other factors.

SOURCE: Office of Applied Studies, SAMHSA, Drug Abuse Warning Network, 1999 (10/1999 update).

NOTE: These estimates are based on a representative sample of non-Federal, short-stay hospitals with 24-hour emergency departments in the coterminous U.S.

p -value

98,99 98,99

H2,H1,

p -value
MARIJUANA/HASHISH

Total Total Total Total Total Total Total Total

 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998

TOTAL U.S.***............................. 10.4 8.9 8.2 9.2 9.9 8.0 9.5 9.4 

AGE

6-34......................................... 10.9 8.8 8.3 9.8 10.5 8.5 9.8 9.6 12-17....................................... 15.0 15.0 12.3 11.8 12.2 12.2 13.2 12.6 18-25....................................... 11.0 9.7 9.2 12.4 11.2 8.3 10.5 10.6 26-34....................................... 12.4 10.7 10.2 10.3 12.4 9.9 11.2 10.7 35+.......................................... 11.7 11.5 9.2 8.6 9.3 8.1 10.5 10.0 

GENDER

Male......................................... 11.1 8.9 8.6 9.9 10.3 7.6 9.0 9.1 

Female..................................... 11.1 9.9 9.4 9.1 10.1 10.6 11.4 10.5 

RACE/ETHNICITY

White....................................... 13.7 11.1 10.9 11.9 12.8 12.9 14.4 13.9 Black........................................ 12.2 12.6 11.1 15.1 14.4 9.2 12.1 9.3 

Hispanic................................... 15.8 15.7 13.3 13.0 12.5 33.4 27.0 36.8 Other race................................ 14.5 17.9 28.1 23.7 18.7 18.7 16.7 17.9 Race unknown......................... 15.7 30.6 28.7 19.2 16.1 13.6 16.8 13.8 

FACILITY LOCATION

Central city............................... 6.8 7.4 8.1 6.1 6.4 6.0 5.3 5.9 

Outside central city.................. 13.3 13.3 14.6 12.9 12.5 11.1 10.4 10.8 National Panel......................... 26.0 21.7 19.2 22.5 26.0 18.3 20.6 19.4 

DRUG USE MOTIVE

Recreational use...................... 11.8 10.2 9.3 10.8 10.9 10.3 13.0 12.8 

Dependence............................ 15.8 12.5 12.5 16.7 16.4 9.8 14.9 11.7 Suicide..................................... 19.0 14.7 10.6 10.5 13.8 16.1 13.1 15.7 Other/unknown motive............. 13.8 14.3 15.7 14.2 13.0 12.1 12.0 13.6 

REASONS FOR ED CONTACT

Unexpected reaction................ 10.8 10.3 8.6 8.1 8.8 9.6 12.1 10.7 Overdose................................. 14.9 13.3 12.8 12.0 9.1 13.5 12.6 12.6 Chronic effects......................... 11.9 9.1 7.6 11.2 13.5 13.3 10.7 9.5 Seeking detox.......................... 30.5 24.1 24.7 34.3 36.8 16.9 28.8 20.0 

Withdrawal............................... 41.5 32.5 24.5 26.7 21.8 22.7 18.6 34.9 Other/unknown reason............. 12.9 13.6 13.8 11.2 10.7 10.3 11.6 15.0 

Mid-Year 1999 Preliminary ED DAWN Data

Table RSE-26 - Relative standard errors (RSEs) for the estimated number of emergency department marijuana/hashish mentions, by age, gender, race/ethnicity, hospital location, drug use motive, and reason for emergency department contact: 1991-1998

p -value p -value

SOURCE: Office of Applied Studies, SAMHSA, Drug Abuse Warning Network, 1999 (10/1999 update).

1997, 1996,

1998 1998

NOTE: These estimates are based on a representative sample of non-Federal, short-stay hospitals with 24-hour emergency departments in the coterminous U.S.
METHAMPHETAMINE/SPEED

 Jul - Dec Jan - Jun Jul - Dec Jan - Jun Jul - Dec Jan - Jun Jul - Dec Jan - Jun Jul - Dec Jan - Jun Jul - Dec Jan - Jun

 1993 1994 1994 1995 1995 1996 1996 1997 1997 1998 1998 1999*

TOTAL U.S.***....................................................................... 24.8 26.4 30.8 28.0 25.9 19.0 23.9 28.9 24.7 22.5 32.2 32.4 

AGE

6-34....................................................................... 25.0 27.0 29.7 27.8 23.5 20.4 23.2 29.9 24.8 20.4 30.6 32.8 

12-17....................................................................... 36.6 36.8 46.7 40.2 38.4 30.5 40.8 51.5 25.7 34.3 50.5 45.7 

18-25....................................................................... 28.2 26.4 27.7 28.7 24.9 29.1 22.3 22.8 30.9 20.2 28.5 30.6 

26-34....................................................................... 26.6 26.5 28.9 26.3 26.8 16.1 20.2 31.1 26.1 23.3 38.7 37.2 

35+....................................................................... 27.0 26.4 36.1 33.8 35.2 19.9 30.9 27.8 28.0 33.1 38.7 33.3 

GENDER

Male....................................................................... 26.9 28.8 30.1 26.7 24.1 17.3 22.6 28.6 25.3 21.0 27.0 38.2 

Female....................................................................... 21.5 25.0 33.1 31.9 34.8 26.3 28.7 32.6 24.6 27.3 41.6 30.2 

RACE/ETHNICITY

White....................................................................... 31.5 31.0 34.6 29.5 28.2 22.0 27.3 28.8 26.6 26.3 28.2 31.4 

Black....................................................................... 27.1 30.2 40.1 45.8 47.0 8.0 38.7 40.5 37.3 10.0 64.6 66.8 

Hispanic....................................................................... 36.9 38.0 41.2 50.6 40.7 39.1 34.4 50.0 42.3 44.3 55.4 52.9 

Other race....................................................................... 18.6 15.2 12.4 51.8 47.5 50.4 48.1 53.8 42.8 14.9 16.8 56.9 

Race unknown....................................................................... 40.5 34.8 53.2 43.5 28.3 29.4 25.5 16.0 19.4 28.6 6.0 39.0 

FACILITY LOCATION

Central city....................................................................... 5.4 6.5 6.7 7.8 7.8 7.8 8.8 8.1 6.0 5.1 5.7 5.9 

Outside central city....................................................................... 11.7 12.0 10.4 9.1 12.5 12.7 10.3 9.4 9.6 13.7 12.0 11.2 

National Panel....................................................................... 40.0 38.5 43.8 40.4 38.4 36.2 37.4 43.3 36.8 33.4 46.6 46.3 

DRUG USE MOTIVE

Recreational use....................................................................... 21.5 31.4 23.8 22.8 21.8 19.6 19.6 15.5 16.4 24.6 26.3 20.3 

Dependence....................................................................... 19.0 24.8 47.7 39.1 34.7 32.1 33.3 46.8 35.6 28.8 40.2 47.2 

Suicide....................................................................... 31.9 55.4 32.1 35.9 34.8 32.1 31.4 25.3 28.4 30.5 44.5 35.7 

Other/unknown motive....................................................................... 50.9 60.2 59.7 49.3 45.4 29.8 52.0 46.8 35.8 32.7 30.3 25.5 

REASONS FOR ED CONTACT

Unexpected reaction....................................................................... 26.3 28.8 31.2 26.9 28.0 33.9 30.4 42.6 34.3 32.7 42.2 31.4 

Overdose....................................................................... 27.2 29.8 39.3 33.5 22.8 26.0 24.9 23.4 20.6 22.2 40.4 36.2 

Chronic effects....................................................................... 22.5 21.4 41.8 35.0 35.1 12.4 25.3 14.8 26.4 27.3 24.9 18.3 

Seeking detox........................................................................ 33.8 33.1 29.2 26.4 28.3 42.8 46.4 23.4 28.4 41.0 37.7 34.6 

Withdrawal....................................................................... 59.4 69.9 44.2 54.7 54.9 67.0 44.3 12.4 54.7 57.8 51.6 53.8 

Other/unknown reason....................................................................... 56.0 28.1 34.1 40.8 42.7 28.0 37.1 39.1 41.5 30.1 43.2 62.5 

Mid-Year 1999 Preliminary ED DAWN Data

p -value p -value

* Estimates for this time period are preliminary. Final estimates will be produced later and may be higher or lower than preliminary estimates due to nonresponse adjustment and other factors.

Table RSE-27 - Relative standard errors (RSEs) for the estimated number of emergency department methamphetamine/speed 

mentions, by age, gender, race/ethnicity, hospital location, drug use motive, and reason for emergency department contact: 

Second half 1993 - first half 1999

H2,H1,

98,99 98,99

H1,H1,

SOURCE: Office of Applied Studies, SAMHSA, Drug Abuse Warning Network, 1999 (10/1999 update).

NOTE: These estimates are based on a representative sample of non-Federal, short-stay hospitals with 24-hour emergency departments in the coterminous U.S.
METHAMPHETAMINE/SPEED

Total Total Total Total Total Total Total Total

 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998

TOTAL U.S.***............................. 16.2 23.0 20.3 28.0 27.0 21.4 26.5 25.5 

AGE

6-34......................................... 17.0 23.0 20.9 27.7 25.6 20.3 26.8 22.8 12-17....................................... 28.9 42.2 24.2 40.2 37.0 29.7 35.7 36.1 18-25....................................... 18.4 17.8 25.5 25.4 24.4 24.2 26.3 22.7 26-34....................................... 19.0 23.8 21.6 27.4 25.8 15.6 27.4 25.4 35+.......................................... 17.4 28.8 22.3 30.7 33.7 26.3 27.3 34.6 

GENDER

Male......................................... 15.8 25.4 22.8 28.8 25.3 19.9 26.3 22.2 

Female..................................... 20.1 22.6 19.2 28.1 31.7 26.8 28.0 31.8 

RACE/ETHNICITY

White....................................... 19.1 26.0 25.2 32.0 28.7 24.3 27.3 26.1 Black........................................ 17.0 7.3 15.7 34.5 45.9 28.8 38.2 43.4 

Hispanic................................... 41.2 48.6 29.9 39.3 46.4 34.4 45.4 50.4 Other race................................ 18.8 24.6 14.3 11.7 49.4 45.2 33.6 14.5 Race unknown......................... 16.4 21.8 34.6 44.5 36.5 25.6 14.7 21.6 

FACILITY LOCATION

Central city............................... 4.6 6.3 5.4 6.4 7.7 8.1 6.8 4.9 

Outside central city.................. 10.7 13.0 12.2 10.8 9.7 10.3 9.2 12.0 National Panel......................... 34.0 45.1 35.6 40.3 39.3 36.0 39.5 37.4 

DRUG USE MOTIVE

Recreational use...................... 15.4 25.3 20.4 22.1 20.2 16.7 14.4 21.2 

Dependence............................ 18.1 17.5 16.1 36.4 37.2 32.4 40.2 32.5 Suicide..................................... 24.6 54.7 25.6 42.9 33.0 25.8 23.6 29.8 Other/unknown motive............. 29.1 39.3 44.8 59.4 47.5 43.6 41.1 29.1 

REASONS FOR ED CONTACT

Unexpected reaction................ 22.5 21.8 22.9 28.7 26.2 31.0 37.8 36.8 Overdose................................. 21.7 38.4 22.7 34.0 28.3 20.3 20.5 25.1 Chronic effects......................... 14.1 20.5 13.6 32.4 34.0 18.8 19.1 26.0 Seeking detox.......................... 26.2 31.0 31.4 28.7 23.3 44.1 22.7 37.8 

Withdrawal............................... 58.7 61.3 41.0 54.3 50.2 36.9 45.2 51.3 Other/unknown reason............. 25.6 17.5 48.1 29.2 40.9 29.4 40.1 30.4 

Mid-Year 1999 Preliminary ED DAWN Data

p -value

1997,

1998 1998

1996,

Table RSE-28 - Relative standard errors (RSEs) for the estimated number of emergency department methamphetamine/speed mentions, by age, gender, race/ethnicity, hospital location, drug use motive, and reason for emergency department contact: 1991-1998

p -value

SOURCE: Office of Applied Studies, SAMHSA, Drug Abuse Warning Network, 1999 (10/1999 update).NOTE: These estimates are based on a representative sample of non-Federal, short-stay hospitals with 24-hour emergency departments in the coterminous U.S.
DRUG EPISODES

Jul - Dec Jan - Jun Jul - Dec Jan - Jun Jul - Dec Jan - Jun Jul - Dec Jan - Jun Jul - Dec Jan - Jun Jul - Dec Jan - Jun

 1993 1994 1994 1995 1995 1996 1996 1997 1997 1998 1998 1999*

TOTAL U.S.***............. 5.3 5.3 5.7 5.2 5.2 4.6 4.6 5.5 5.6 5.6 5.9 5.5AGE

6-34.......................... 4.9 5.2 6.0 4.7 5.1 4.6 4.7 5.3 5.7 6.1 6.2 5.912-17........................ 7.0 8.0 6.7 6.2 6.1 7.1 6.2 6.8 7.9 9.1 8.8 8.218-25........................ 5.6 6.3 7.0 5.2 5.3 5.7 5.1 5.7 6.2 6.8 7.8 8.326-34........................ 5.4 5.6 7.0 6.0 6.1 5.4 6.1 6.8 6.7 6.8 6.5 6.035+........................... 6.5 6.3 6.3 6.6 6.1 5.6 5.5 6.5 6.2 5.7 6.0 5.9

GENDER

Male......................... 6.1 5.9 6.8 6.2 6.2 4.6 5.6 6.2 6.2 6.2 6.6 6.5Female..................... 5.2 5.6 5.3 5.0 5.1 5.4 4.5 5.6 5.7 5.6 5.9 5.5

Mid-Year 1999 Preliminary ED DAWN Data

Table RSE-45 - Relative standard errors (RSEs) for the estimated rate of emergency department drug episodes per 100,000 population by age, gender: Second half 1993 - first half 1999

SOURCE: Office of Applied Studies, SAMHSA, Drug Abuse Warning Network, 1999 (10/1999 update).NOTE: These estimates are based on a representative sample of non-Federal, short-stay hospitals with 24-hour emergency departments in the coterminous U.S.

* Estimates for this time period are preliminary. Final estimates will be produced later and may be higher or lower than preliminary estimates due to nonresponse 

adjustment and other factors.
DRUG EPISODES

Total Total Total Total Total Total Total Total

 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998

TOTAL U.S.***......................... 4.9 5.5 5.1 5.4 5.1 4.5 5.5 5.6

AGE

6-34...................................... 5.2 5.3 4.8 5.5 4.8 4.5 5.4 5.912-17.................................... 6.8 7.1 6.6 6.8 5.8 6.4 7.0 8.418-25.................................... 5.6 5.7 5.6 6.3 5.1 5.2 5.8 7.026-34.................................... 5.9 5.9 5.2 6.1 5.9 5.4 6.6 6.435+....................................... 5.3 6.4 6.1 6.2 6.2 5.4 6.3 5.6

GENDER

Male..................................... 5.4 5.9 5.6 6.2 6.1 4.9 6.1 6.2Female................................. 5.2 5.5 5.3 5.3 4.9 4.8 5.5 5.5

Table RSE-46 - Relative standard errors (RSEs) for the estimated rate of emergency department drug episodes per 100,000 population by age, gender: 1991-1998

SOURCE: Office of Applied Studies, SAMHSA, Drug Abuse Warning Network, 1999 (10/1999 update).NOTE: These estimates are based on a representative sample of non-Federal, short-stay hospitals with 24-hour emergency departments in the coterminous U.S.

Mid-Year 1999 Preliminary ED DAWN Data
DRUG MENTIONS

Jul - Dec Jan - Jun Jul - Dec Jan - Jun Jul - Dec Jan - Jun Jul - Dec Jan - Jun Jul - Dec Jan - Jun Jul - Dec Jan - Jun

 1993 1994 1994 1995 1995 1996 1996 1997 1997 1998 1998 1999*

TOTAL U.S.***.............. 5.3 5.4 5.7 5.4 5.2 4.8 4.8 5.8 6.3 6.1 6.3 5.6

AGE

6-34.......................... 5.0 5.3 6.3 5.0 5.4 5.0 5.2 5.7 6.4 6.8 6.7 6.112-17........................ 8.0 8.6 6.5 6.5 7.1 7.6 7.4 7.8 9.6 9.5 9.7 8.518-25........................ 5.8 6.6 7.5 5.6 5.5 6.1 6.0 6.3 6.9 7.9 8.1 8.126-34........................ 5.3 5.6 7.2 6.4 6.5 5.9 6.6 6.8 7.2 7.4 7.1 6.335+........................... 6.6 6.5 6.2 6.8 6.0 5.7 5.2 6.9 7.0 6.2 6.4 6.1

GENDER

Male.......................... 5.8 6.0 7.0 6.6 6.1 4.8 5.8 6.5 7.3 6.7 7.3 6.6

Female...................... 5.8 5.6 5.2 5.1 5.2 5.7 4.5 6.1 6.1 6.3 6.2 5.8

Mid-Year 1999 Preliminary ED DAWN Data

Table RSE-47 - Relative standard errors (RSEs) for the estimated rate of emergency department drug mentions per 100,000 population by age, gender: Second half 1993 - first half 1999

SOURCE: Office of Applied Studies, SAMHSA, Drug Abuse Warning Network, 1999 (10/1999 update).NOTE: These estimates are based on a representative sample of non-Federal, short-stay hospitals with 24-hour emergency departments in the coterminous U.S.

* Estimates for this time period are preliminary. Final estimates will be produced later and may be higher or lower than preliminary estimates due to nonresponse 

adjustment and other factors.
DRUG MENTIONS

Total Total Total Total Total Total Total Total

 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998

TOTAL U.S.***......................... 5.2 5.6 5.2 5.5 5.2 4.6 6.0 6.0

AGE

6-34...................................... 5.5 5.5 4.9 5.7 5.1 4.9 6.0 6.512-17.................................... 7.2 7.6 7.1 7.0 6.3 7.2 8.3 9.118-25.................................... 5.7 5.9 5.7 6.7 5.4 5.8 6.5 7.626-34.................................... 6.5 6.0 5.4 6.2 6.3 5.8 6.9 7.035+....................................... 5.6 6.4 6.1 6.2 6.1 5.3 6.9 6.0

GENDER

Male..................................... 5.6 5.8 5.4 6.4 6.3 5.1 6.8 6.7Female................................. 5.7 5.9 5.6 5.3 5.0 5.0 6.0 6.0

Mid-Year 1999 Preliminary ED DAWN Data

Table RSE-48 - Relative standard errors (RSEs) for the estimated rate of emergency department drug mentions per 100,000 population by age, gender: 1991-1998

SOURCE: Office of Applied Studies, SAMHSA, Drug Abuse Warning Network, 1999 (10/1999 update).NOTE: These estimates are based on a representative sample of non-Federal, short-stay hospitals with 24-hour emergency departments in the coterminous U.S.
COCAINE

Jul - Dec Jan - Jun Jul - Dec Jan - Jun Jul - Dec Jan - Jun Jul - Dec Jan - Jun Jul - Dec Jan - Jun Jul - Dec Jan - Jun

 1993 1994 1994 1995 1995 1996 1996 1997 1997 1998 1998 1999*

TOTAL U.S.***........... 7.4 9.1 11.5 9.6 10.2 7.5 8.5 10.5 11.6 10.7 9.8 8.8

AGE

6-34........................ 7.0 10.3 13.5 10.7 11.3 8.1 9.8 10.9 12.2 11.8 10.9 10.212-17...................... 17.0 18.9 14.5 17.3 15.1 15.1 25.4 21.6 25.5 34.2 24.7 22.2

18-25...................... 9.9 14.3 18.5 11.5 11.6 9.7 12.2 13.7 13.1 15.4 12.3 13.9

26-34...................... 6.6 9.4 12.1 10.9 11.6 8.3 10.0 11.2 12.9 12.0 11.5 9.435+......................... 8.5 8.2 9.0 8.6 9.3 7.4 8.2 10.6 11.4 10.2 9.1 8.4

GENDER

Male....................... 8.0 9.6 12.0 10.2 10.9 7.5 8.9 11.0 11.7 11.2 10.2 9.2Female................... 7.1 8.6 10.8 9.1 9.4 8.7 8.1 10.0 12.1 10.2 9.5 8.9

Mid-Year 1999 Preliminary ED DAWN Data

Table RSE-49 - Relative standard errors (RSEs) for the estimated rate of emergency department cocaine mentions, per 100,000 population by age, gender: Second half 1993 - first half 1999

SOURCE: Office of Applied Studies, SAMHSA, Drug Abuse Warning Network, 1999 (10/1999 update).NOTE: These estimates are based on a representative sample of non-Federal, short-stay hospitals with 24-hour emergency departments in the coterminous U.S.

* Estimates for this time period are preliminary. Final estimates will be produced later and may be higher or lower than preliminary estimates due to 

nonresponse adjustment and other factors.
COCAINE

Total Total Total Total Total Total Total Total

 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998

TOTAL U.S.***......................... 7.6 7.5 7.7 10.1 9.8 7.6 11.0 10.1

AGE

6-34...................................... 8.0 7.9 7.9 11.7 10.9 8.3 11.4 11.212-17.................................... 14.7 16.4 13.4 14.5 14.2 16.6 22.0 28.918-25.................................... 9.2 8.6 10.4 16.1 11.3 10.6 13.1 13.226-34.................................... 7.9 7.9 7.5 10.5 11.1 8.3 11.9 11.635+....................................... 7.4 7.4 8.0 8.3 8.8 7.5 10.9 9.4

GENDER

Male..................................... 7.8 7.3 7.8 10.6 10.5 7.7 11.3 10.5Female................................. 7.9 8.2 8.0 9.4 9.1 7.8 11.0 9.6

Table RSE-50 - Relative standard errors (RSEs) for the estimated rate of emergency department cocaine mentions per 100,000 population by age, gender: 1991-1998

SOURCE: Office of Applied Studies, SAMHSA, Drug Abuse Warning Network, 1999 (10/1999 update).NOTE: These estimates are based on a representative sample of non-Federal, short-stay hospitals with 24-hour emergency departments in the coterminous U.S.

Mid-Year 1999 Preliminary ED DAWN Data
HEROIN/MORPHINE

Jul - Dec Jan - Jun Jul - Dec Jan - Jun Jul - Dec Jan - Jun Jul - Dec Jan - Jun Jul - Dec Jan - Jun Jul - Dec Jan - Jun

 1993 1994 1994 1995 1995 1996 1996 1997 1997 1998 1998 1999*

TOTAL U.S.***.................. 9.6 9.6 8.9 9.7 9.2 7.9 7.6 9.1 9.2 9.6 10.6 13.6

AGE

6-34............................... 10.5 10.3 11.1 10.8 11.1 9.2 8.6 12.4 13.8 12.7 14.4 20.6

12-17............................. 37.7 54.9 29.7 40.6 33.5 27.8 24.0 37.9 41.5 37.8 27.3 26.418-25............................. 11.7 12.7 15.6 11.9 15.2 12.3 14.2 15.2 18.3 15.7 24.8 33.126-34............................. 10.6 9.5 10.2 11.7 9.9 8.8 8.5 11.3 11.0 12.2 9.3 11.635+................................ 9.6 10.7 8.2 9.7 9.0 9.0 8.6 7.8 7.2 8.5 8.7 9.2

GENDER

Male.............................. 10.5 9.6 9.6 10.3 9.8 8.1 7.8 9.2 8.2 10.1 10.7 14.9Female.......................... 8.3 12.0 8.6 9.6 9.1 7.9 9.0 9.8 12.2 10.1 11.2 11.3

Mid-Year 1999 Preliminary ED DAWN Data

Table RSE-51 - Relative standard errors (RSEs) for the estimated rate of emergency department heroin/morphine mentions per 100,000 population by age, gender: Second half 1993 - first half 1999

SOURCE: Office of Applied Studies, SAMHSA, Drug Abuse Warning Network, 1999 (10/1999 update).NOTE: These estimates are based on a representative sample of non-Federal, short-stay hospitals with 24-hour emergency departments in the coterminous U.S.

* Estimates for this time period are preliminary. Final estimates will be produced later and may be higher or lower than preliminary estimates due to nonresponse 

adjustment and other factors.
HEROIN/MORPHINE

Total Total Total Total Total Total Total Total

 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998

TOTAL U.S.***......................... 7.9 8.3 9.3 8.9 9.2 7.4 8.9 9.8

AGE

6-34...................................... 8.4 7.8 9.8 10.4 10.6 8.1 12.6 13.112-17.................................... 34.9 32.0 37.8 30.5 33.1 18.1 36.2 24.218-25.................................... 10.3 8.9 10.7 13.7 13.3 12.1 15.6 19.826-34.................................... 8.3 7.9 10.1 9.6 10.2 7.6 10.7 10.635+....................................... 8.3 9.3 9.6 9.0 9.1 8.6 7.3 8.4

GENDER

Male..................................... 7.3 8.8 9.8 9.3 9.9 7.6 8.4 10.1Female................................. 9.6 7.3 8.9 9.7 9.2 7.9 10.6 10.3

Mid-Year 1999 Preliminary ED DAWN Data

Table RSE-52 - Relative standard errors (RSEs) for the estimated rate of emergency department heroin/morphine mentions per 100,000 population by age, gender: 1991-1998

SOURCE: Office of Applied Studies, SAMHSA, Drug Abuse Warning Network, 1999 (10/1999 update).NOTE: These estimates are based on a representative sample of non-Federal, short-stay hospitals with 24-hour emergency departments in the coterminous U.S.
MARIJUANA/HASHISH

Jul - Dec Jan - Jun Jul - Dec Jan - Jun Jul - Dec Jan - Jun Jul - Dec Jan - Jun Jul - Dec Jan - Jun Jul - Dec Jan - Jun

 1993 1994 1994 1995 1995 1996 1996 1997 1997 1998 1998 1999*

TOTAL U.S.***........... 8.1 9.5 9.6 10.3 9.9 8.4 8.3 9.5 9.8 9.1 11.3 10.9

AGE

6-34........................ 8.2 10.3 10.0 10.6 11.2 9.1 8.8 9.3 10.5 9.6 11.3 11.212-17...................... 14.2 16.2 11.4 12.4 14.1 15.2 11.9 12.7 14.7 13.8 13.2 14.018-25...................... 10.7 13.8 12.8 12.4 11.6 7.9 9.7 10.7 11.5 10.3 12.7 12.726-34...................... 8.8 10.3 11.9 12.2 13.5 11.5 10.2 10.4 12.5 11.7 11.5 12.235+......................... 10.0 10.9 9.8 11.5 8.0 9.3 8.1 11.7 10.0 10.1 12.6 12.1

GENDER

Male........................ 8.6 9.6 11.1 10.6 10.8 7.4 8.5 9.3 9.0 9.2 11.1 11.4

Female................... 10.8 11.3 8.4 10.7 10.6 12.9 10.6 11.2 12.5 9.3 13.2 11.8

Mid-Year 1999 Preliminary ED DAWN Data

Table RSE-53 - Relative standard errors (RSEs) for the estimated rate of emergency department marijuana/hashish mentions per 100,000 population by age, gender: Second half 1993 - first half 1999

SOURCE: Office of Applied Studies, SAMHSA, Drug Abuse Warning Network, 1999 (10/1999 update).NOTE: These estimates are based on a representative sample of non-Federal, short-stay hospitals with 24-hour emergency departments in the coterminous U.S.

* Estimates for this time period are preliminary. Final estimates will be produced later and may be higher or lower than preliminary estimates due to 

nonresponse adjustment and other factors.
MARIJUANA/HASHISH

Total Total Total Total Total Total Total Total

 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998

TOTAL U.S.***......................... 10.4 8.9 8.2 9.2 9.9 8.0 9.5 9.4

AGE

6-34...................................... 10.9 8.8 8.3 9.8 10.5 8.5 9.8 9.612-17.................................... 15.0 15.0 12.3 11.8 12.2 12.2 13.2 12.618-25.................................... 11.0 9.7 9.2 12.4 11.2 8.3 10.5 10.626-34.................................... 12.4 10.7 10.2 10.3 12.4 9.9 11.2 10.735+....................................... 11.7 11.5 9.2 8.6 9.3 8.1 10.5 10.0

GENDER

Male..................................... 11.1 8.9 8.6 9.9 10.3 7.6 9.0 9.1Female................................. 11.1 9.9 9.4 9.1 10.1 10.6 11.4 10.5

Mid-Year 1999 Preliminary ED DAWN Data

Table RSE-54 - Relative standard errors (RSEs) for the estimated rate of emergency department marijuana/hashish mentions per 100,000 population by age, gender: 1991-1998

SOURCE: Office of Applied Studies, SAMHSA, Drug Abuse Warning Network, 1999 (10/1999 update).NOTE: These estimates are based on a representative sample of non-Federal, short-stay hospitals with 24-hour emergency departments in the coterminous U.S.
METHAMPHETAMINE/SPEED

Jul - Dec Jan - Jun Jul - Dec Jan - Jun Jul - Dec Jan - Jun Jul - Dec Jan - Jun Jul - Dec Jan - Jun Jul - Dec Jan - Jun

 1993 1994 1994 1995 1995 1996 1996 1997 1997 1998 1998 1999*

TOTAL U.S.***........... 24.8 26.4 30.8 28.0 25.9 19.0 23.9 28.9 24.7 22.5 32.2 32.4

AGE

6-34........................ 25.0 27.0 29.7 27.8 23.5 20.4 23.2 29.9 24.8 20.4 30.6 32.812-17...................... 36.6 36.8 46.7 40.2 38.4 30.5 40.8 51.5 25.7 34.3 50.5 45.718-25...................... 28.2 26.4 27.7 28.7 24.9 29.1 22.3 22.8 30.9 20.2 28.5 30.626-34...................... 26.6 26.5 28.9 26.3 26.8 16.1 20.2 31.1 26.1 23.3 38.7 37.235+......................... 27.0 26.4 36.1 33.8 35.2 19.9 30.9 27.8 28.0 33.1 38.7 33.3

GENDER

Male........................ 26.9 28.8 30.1 26.7 24.1 17.3 22.6 28.6 25.3 21.0 27.0 38.2

Female................... 21.5 25.0 33.1 31.9 34.8 26.3 28.7 32.6 24.6 27.3 41.6 30.2

Mid-Year 1998 Preliminary ED DAWN Data

Table RSE-55 - Relative standard errors (RSEs) for the estimated rate of emergency department methamphetamine/speed mentions per 100,000 population by age, gender: Second half 1993 - first half 1999

NOTE: These estimates are based on a representative sample of non-Federal, short-stay hospitals with 24-hour emergency departments in the coterminous U.S.SOURCE: Office of Applied Studies, SAMHSA, Drug Abuse Warning Network, 1999 (10/1999 update).

* Estimates for this time period are preliminary. Final estimates will be produced later and may be higher or lower than preliminary estimates due to 

nonresponse adjustment and other factors.
METHAMPHETAMINE/SPEED

Total Total Total Total Total Total Total Total

 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998

TOTAL U.S.***......................... 16.2 23.0 20.3 28.0 27.0 21.4 26.5 25.5

AGE

6-34...................................... 17.0 23.0 20.9 27.7 25.6 20.3 26.8 22.812-17.................................... 28.9 42.2 24.2 40.2 37.0 29.7 35.7 36.118-25.................................... 18.4 17.8 25.5 25.4 24.4 24.2 26.3 22.726-34.................................... 19.0 23.8 21.6 27.4 25.8 15.6 27.4 25.435+....................................... 17.4 28.8 22.3 30.7 33.7 26.3 27.3 34.6

GENDER

Male..................................... 15.8 25.4 22.8 28.8 25.3 19.9 26.3 22.2Female................................. 20.1 22.6 19.2 28.1 31.7 26.8 28.0 31.8

Mid-Year 1999 Preliminary ED DAWN Data

Table RSE-56 - Relative standard errors (RSEs) for the estimated rate of emergency department methamphetamine/speed mentions per 100,000 population by age, gender: 1991-1998

SOURCE: Office of Applied Studies, SAMHSA, Drug Abuse Warning Network, 1999 (10/1999 update).NOTE: These estimates are based on a representative sample of non-Federal, short-stay hospitals with 24-hour emergency departments in the coterminous U.S.