IN THE COURT OF APPEALS OF TENNESSEE

AT JACKSON

October 9, 2007 Session

HELEN M. BORNER, ET AL. v. DANNY R. AUTRY

A Direct Appeal from the Circuit Court for Madison County

No. C-04-502 The Honorable Donald Allen, Judge

No. W2007-00731-COA-R9-CV

SEPARATE CONCURRENCE - Filed December 13, 2007

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HOLLY M. KIRBY, J., concurring separately:

I concur fully with the result reached by the majority in this case. Respectfully, I file this

separate concurrence in order to state my disagreement with dicta in the majority opinion.

In this case, the plaintiffs each attached medical bills which were redacted to remove charges,

so that the total charges in the attached bills were less than the $4,000.00 statutory limit. The

majority holds that redacting bills in order to make them fit under the $4,000.00 statutory limit is not

permitted, and that the plaintiffs were therefore required to present expert medical proof regarding

the reasonableness and necessity of those charges. I agree.

The majority, however, uses language broad enough to be interpreted to extend beyond the

narrow issue in this case. The language used by the majority appears to indicate that, to fit under the

statutory limit, the total of all medical charges incurred by a plaintiff must not exceed $4,000.00,

regardless of whether the bills are attached to the complaint or civil warrant. This could be

interpreted to mean that, should a defendant conduct discoveryand find medical bills from providers

such as chiropractors, physical therapists and the like, which were not attached to the complaint or

the civil warrant, and the total of these bills along with those attached to the complaint exceeded

$4,000.00, the plaintiff would be required to submit expert proof of reasonableness and necessity.

Indeed, the language used by the majority does not even limit the bills to be totaled to those arising

out of a single illness, disease, or injury.

The majority cites no legislative history to support this expansive interpretation. Moreover,

it is not supported by the language of the statute. The majority seems to imply that the statute

requires the plaintiff to attach to the complaint all medical bills incurred. The statute simply does

not say that. It says only that the total amount of the bills which are attached to the complaint must

not exceed $4,000.00 in order for the statutory presumption to apply. The statute provides:
-2-

(a)(1) Proof . . . that medical . . . bills were paid or incurred because of any illness,

disease, or injury may be itemized in the complaint . . . with a copy of bills paid or

incurred attached as an exhibit to the complaint . . . . The bills itemized and attached

as an exhibit shall be prima facie evidence that the bills so paid or incurred were

necessary and reasonable.

* * *

(3) This prima facie presumption shall apply to the medical . . . bills itemized with

copies of bills attached to the complaint . . .; provided, that the total amount of such

bills does not exceed the sum of four thousand dollars ($4,000).

Tenn. Code Ann. § 24-5-113(a)(1) and (3).

Thus, while I agree that the total of the unredacted bills attached to the complaint must not

exceed $4,000.00 in order for the statutory presumption to apply, I disagree with the dicta in the

majority opinion which seems to indicate that the total of all medical bills paid or incurred by the

plaintiff, regardless of whether they are attached to the complaint, must not exceed $4,000.00.

Therefore, I respectfully submit this separate concurrence.

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HOLLY M. KIRBY, J.